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CALENDAR
OF THE
CAEEW MANUSCRIPTS.
CALENDAR
PRESERVED IN THE
ARCHIEPISCOPAL LIBRARY AT LAMBETH.
1589 1600.
EDITED BY
J. S. BREWER, M.A.,
AND
WILLIAM BULLEN, ESQ.,
PUBLISHED BT THE AtJTHOBJTY OP THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY,
UNDER THE DIRECTION OP THE MASTER OP THE ROLLS.
First published in 1869 on behalf of the Public Record Office
Reprinted by permission of the Controller of Her Britannic Majesty's
Stationery Office, London
KRAUS REPRINT
A Division of
KRAUS-THOMSON ORGANIZATION LIMITED
Nendeln/Liechtenstein
1974
Printed in Germany
Lessingdruckerei Wiesbaden
AS
/8
V, 3
CONTENTS.
PAOB
INTKODUCTION
CALENDAR -
APPENDIX - "
eoe
GENERAL INDEX -
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19778 G8
INTRODUCTION.
ON the death of Edward VI. in 1553, Sir Thomas
Cusack, chancellor, and Gerald Aylmer, were appointed
Lords Justices in Ireland, and continued to hold office until
the arrival at Dalkey of the new Deputy, Sir Anthony
Saintleger, who succeeded Sir James Croft on the 19th
of November 1553.
Of the state of Ireland at Mary's accession, the report of
Cusack, noticed in the preface of the last volume, gives
the most trustworthy and accurate description. In
Munster, beyond the Pale, the whole country was in such
"good quiet" that the judges kept their circuits, not
only at Limerick, Cork, and Kerry, but in the most distant
shires of the West, without fear or molestation. The Des-
monds, the Barries, the McCarthy Mores, and others, the
most troublesome and refractory of the Irish chiefs, were
content to remain in peace themselves, and to compel the
rest of their countrymen to do the same. They accepted
the Queen's Commission and acted jointly with the law
officers of the Crown. In Connaught, the Earl of Clan-
ricarde, lately restored to his inheritance, gladly submitted
to the arrangements made by Cusack out of gratitude to
his English supporters. His subjects, turning their swords
into ploughshares, abandoned their old habits of plunder
a 4
viii INTRODUCTION.
for more peaceful, if not more congenial, occupations.
Me William Burke, the second captain, and the most power-
ful man in the province, was " of honest conformity,'* and
was ready to support the Earl, or any other chief, in
promoting the King's service. The O'Connors, the
McDermotts, the O'Kellies, men of subordinate authority
and influence, either found resistance hopeless, or readily
followed the examples of their superiors. In Ulster only,
English authority and English order had as yet made no
permanent impression ; and of all parts of Ulster, in Tyrone,
where the Earl of that name had unlimited sway, the fairest
and goodliest country in all Ireland, ruin and devastation
stalked unchecked and unheeded through the land.
" Irishmen were never so weak, and English subjects never
" so strong," are the triumphant words with which the
contemporary narrator sums up his minute description of
the state of Ireland at the close of the reign of Edward VI.
Of the condition of the churches at that time, it is
impossible to speak with precision. No 'theory upon this
subject can rest upon any surer basis than that of the
imagination. It is absurd to suppose that in a country
like Ireland any system uniformly prevailed, or that laws
affecting ecclesiastical state and discipline were generally
observed where even civil order was set at nought and
despised unless it was enforced by the hand of the stronger.
Dioceses often continued unoccupied for years; bishops
were frequently non-resident. The authorities at home,
fully occupied in suppressing the feuds of petulant chiefs,
or in reducing the refractory to obedience, had little time
to bestow upon the rigid observance of episcopal succession,
still less to demand of the bishops in a distant and rebellious
province an acknowledgment of the royal supremacy. To
pass Acts of Parliament was one thing ; to see those Acts
INTRODUCTION. ix
enforced and observed was another. Nor, in these early
times, were Irish bishops, for the most part, of such wealth
and importance as to induce any Deputy or Irish Council,
whose thoughts were sufficiently occupied by events of
more pressing necessity, to ascertain how far the church-
men complied with the rules of canonical obedience.*
If a bishop succeeded to a vacant see in the lands of a
chief engaged in rebellion, his possession would depend ex-
clusively on the chiefs consent, let kings or popes urge
what they would to the contrary. If he was nominated by
the Crown, he would naturally submit to the formalities
imposed by the Crown. But Irish cathedrals were often in
ruins, and the revenues of Irish bishops were wasted or
usurped. Reckless alike of civil or religious restraints,
Irish chieftains in their feuds no more spared the
churches in the lands of an enemy or a rival than they
regarded the sanctity of his oxen or of his brood mares.
Nothing is more common, nothing is more frequently
reiterated by the Deputies, or by others who joined in their
nestings or circuits, than passionate outcries at the
ruinous condition of the churches, not only in regions
beyond the English Pale, but within the very heart of it.
Their statements may be sometimes exaggerated, but their
general accuracy is unquestionable. " The noble folk of
" Ireland oppresseth, spoileth the prelates of the Church
" of Christ of their possessions and liberties," is the obser-
vation of a Roman Catholic writer, and an Irishman, who
could have no motive for perverting the truth or for
maligning his countrymen.
When the Act of the Royal Supremacy was passed in the
Irish parliament in 1535, it was opposed by Cromer, arch-
* See also Carew Papers, I. 213.
X INTRODUCTION.
bishop of Armagh, whose dissatisfaction was shared by
many of his suffragans and most of the clergy within
his jurisdiction. But it does not appear that any
attempt was made to punish the Archbishop for his
contumacy; at all events he continued in his see until
his death, in 1543, when he was succeeded by George
Dowdall, who made no scruple of submitting to the King's
commands. Unless we are to infer that Cromer as well as
the rest of the dissentients changed their minds, and of
this no evidence has been found, we must infer that the
English government winked at this and similar acts of
disobedience, preferring to bide their time, and fill the sees
as they fell vacant with more loyal clergymen, than run
the hazard of adding ecclesiastical to civil disaffection.
It was enough to obtain from the Irish chiefs a renuncia-
tion of the Pope and a recognition of the "King's supre-
macy. This was a far more effectual method of securing
the submission of the clergy than if an oath had been
exacted from them, the observance of which, on their
return to their dioceses, would not entirely depend upon
themselves. Of these acts of submission, made by all the
great chiefs of Ireland, and by O'Neil among the number,
numerous examples will be found in the first volume of this
Calendar. No Irishman of any eminence stood out. If
my readers will turn to these instruments, which are too
numerous for us to suppose that they were less than
universal, he will find that the protestation is made, not
only on the part of the chief himself, but of his dependants.
" I entirely renounce obedience to the Roman pontiff and
" his usurped authority, and recognize the King to be
" Supreme Head of the Church of England and Ireland,
" under Christ, and I will compel all living under my rule
" to do the same. If any provisors shall obtain anyfacul-
" tie* or bulls from the said usurped authority, 1 will
INTRODUCTION. x i
" compel them to surrender the same, and to submit them-
" selves to the ordinances of the King" * Concessions
so ample as these involved the whole question in discus-
sion. When the chiefs complied, the clergy under their
rule were not likely to resist.
But we are scarcely left to conjecture. Instances of in-
terference by the King in ecclesiastical matters beyond the
Pale are too numerous and too well authenticated to admit
of any doubt on this subject. In 1542 the notorious Earl
of Desmond made suit to the King to have the bishopric of
Emly for a clerk of his own nomination. The propriety of
granting the petition is referred to the Deputy, f Next year
a request is made by the Bishop of Glosertin (Clonfert)
that the bishopric of Elphin may be annexed to his
diocese ; in the same year O'Brien, in Thomond, agrees to
reserve to the King the gift of all bishoprics and all other
regalities pertaining to the Crown. In 1542 the Bishop of
Clogher, who had been appointed by Papal provision,
made his submission, and was confirmed by the King. J In
1541 Roland de Burgh did the same for the see of Clonfert.
The year before the King directed the Deputy to prefer
the Master of Any to the bishopric of Emly, " willing you,
" our Deputy, by virtue and warrant hereof, to direct our
" letters, as well to the Dean and Chapter of Emly, for his
" election, and to such bishops as you shall think meet for
" his consecration, and to take his oath and homage
" according to the minute which you shall receive here-
" with : which oath our pleasure is, that all bishops to be
* Carew Papers, Vol. I. p. 188. See also pp. 174, 176, 183, 184, 185,
186, 187, 188, 195, 196, 210; where various instruments of submission of
the Irish Chiefs will be found. There can be no stronger proof of the
extension of Henry's authoritj far beyond the limits of the English Pale.
\ State Paper?, IH. 397.
Ibid., 429.
xii INTRODUCTION.
" hereafter made in that our realm of Ireland shall make
" unto $."* In the same despatch, order is given that
O'Donnel's chaplain shall have the bishopric in the north
parts (Elphin) ; " but for lack of the true name of it, we
" have deferred the expedition thereof till our next
" despatch." In 1544, on a representation made by the
bishops and other ecclesiastical persons in the country of
Clanricarde, that they cannot collect the revenues of their
benefices, as the profits of the same were usurped and de-
tained by horsemen as well as by other lay persons, the
Archbishop of Tuam, the Bishop of Clonfert, and other
commissioners are ordered to call the offenders before
them, and compel them to desist; "and they shall also
" cause spiritual persons to reside upon their benefices, as
" by law they are bound to do."f
Now, when it is considered that in the latter part of
the reign of Henry VIII. the four archbishops, of
Armagh, Dublin, Tuam, and Cashel, the bishops of
Limerick, Waterford, Cork,J Elphin, Emly, with all the
bishops of the English Pale, had submitted to the King,
we have sufficient evidence, considering the condition of
the country and its inhabitants, for assuming that great
progress had been made in reducing both clergy and
people in general to obedience. Since the passing of
the Act of Supremacy, so far was English authority from
declining, that it had grown in extent and respect more
rapidly than for centuries before. At Saintleger's de-
parture in 1546, the Earls of Desmond, Thomond and
Tyrone, the Lord of Upper Ossory, O'Connor, O'Moloy,
the Carrols, McGeogehan, and other Irish Lords, assembled
* State Papers, 430.
t Carew, I. 213.
t Carew, I. J96.
INTRODUCTION. xiii
at Dublin. In their letter to the King, they profess
that Ireland was never more peaceable, nor in a better
state of conformity.* Their statement is confirmed by the
Irish Council : "As for the Irishry, albeit that your
" Majesty's laws be not current among them,f but there
" is many contentions and strifes among themselves, yet
" they more recognize and knowledge your Majesty to be
" king of this realm, and be more conformable to your
" Majesty and your grace's Deputy his commandment,
" than ever we knew them in our times." J
This state of things continued without much alteration
throughout the brief reign of Edward VI. Under the
able administration of Brabazon and Bellyngham English
authority was steadily and temperately maintained. It
was not likely to recede when Saintleger resumed his
ancient place in 1550. He had brought instructions from
England for introducing the English service book, to be
used in English where English was spoken, in Irish where
it was not. Eor this purpose an Irish translation was
ordered; but how far this order was carried out, and
what methods were adopted for procuring Irish type, I
have no means of ascertaining. The new order was
opposed by Dowdall Archbishop of Armagh and by certain
of his suffragans, on the grounds " that every illiterate
" fellow would then be able to read the mass as well as
" the priest." The Deputy himself would have over-
looked this act of disobedience, but Browne Archbishop
of Dublin insisted in his zeal that Dowdall should be
summoned before the Council. When Saintleger was
recalled the Archbishop fled, and he remained abroad until
the reign of Queen Mary.
* Stale Papers, HI. 562.
f That is, they still alliered to the Brehon law?.
\ Ibid., 561.
xiv INTRODUCTION.
Dowdall was succeeded by Hugh Goodacre in Oct. 1552,
when the notorious John Bale was created bishop of
Ossory.* None of the three remaining archbishops fol-
lowed the example of Dowdall. Whether his suffragans
continued contumacious we have yet to learn. One of
them at least, the bishop of Dromore, complied. Nor can
any conclusion be drawn, from the absence of satisfactory
evidence, as to the conduct of the rest. It is at least
probable that some intimation would have been preserved
in the reports of the deputies and others, had their de-
fection been either general or obstinate. The Papal pre-
tender to the primacy was a blind Scotchman, named
Waucop, whose claims were supported by the French and
the Scotch, but they found no encouragement even from
those who objected to the royal supremacy. Such pre-
tenders depended entirely for their authority upon foreign
aid, not upon the supposed legitimacy of their claims, or
the orthodoxy of their doctrine. They came and went as
they spied their opportunity, wherever hatred of English
rule or the chance of rebellion among native chiefs seemed
to offer any prospect of success. It would be contrary to
the whole tenor of their history to suppose that at this
era Irish chiefs were diligent scrutinizers of the tenets
and pretensions of rival ecclesiastics ; or that they were
governed in their preferences of this bishop over that by
any other consideration than their own interests or their
hatred of English rule.
With the common people it was probably otherwise.
The professors of the old faith still lingered among them ;
but they were of that class exclusively to whom bishops
were least essential, and in general least favorable. The
number and influence of the secular clergy in Ireland
* Morrin, I. 267.
INTRODUCTION. XV
had from time immemorial been of small account. They
had, by common admission, done very little to evangelize
the country, or maintain the religious faith of the people.
These duties had fallen into the hands of the poorest and
least educated of the begging friars; men who had
learned to endure every form of hardship; very little
removed in their education and worldly condition from
those among whom they labored. Even in more civilized,
wealthy, and orderly countries, this class of ecclesiastics
professed no obedience to bishops; it hung loose from
episcopal authority. It acknowledged no head but the
superior of its order, no bishop except the Pope. To the
friars it mattered little whether Dowdall or Waucop was
primate; the nominee of an Irish chieftain or of an
English king. They went on just the same ; and, except for
the fact that their houses had been generally suppressed, it
is very doubtful whether the Ileformation had much altered
their position or diminished their scanty livelihood.
Among the lowest and the poorest of the population
where none laboured, even in better times, they continued
to labour still. In fastnesses, in moors, in inaccessible
forests, where the native Irish found protection as well
from the tyranny of his native chief as from the oppressive
rule of England, these preachers, little better than out-
casts themselves, still kept up, in their own rude way,
the feeble sparks of religion. "What mattered it to them
who was bishop, or what were his officials, secure in a
poverty which nothing could or would molest secure
also of a ministry, which no one was willing to share
with them? These were the true priests of the native
Irish population, not the bishops whom the Popo
in his anger, or some native chief from ambition or a
better motive, might appoint or countenance.
INTRODUCTION.
The conduct of Dowdall and others in submitting to the
supremacy and afterwards refusing the English service
book has sometimes been condemned as " shamelessly
hyperbolical." But writers who make this charge forget
that in those days at all events, whatever it may be in
these, the acknowledgment of the supremacy did not
necessarily involve recantation of the ancient faith.
How could it, when the hierarchy and almost all the
clergy, when even Henry himself at the passing of the Act,
accepted not a single doctrinal tenet of modern pro-
testantism, and regarded protestantism itself as no better
than heresy ? It was the assertion of the royal supremacy
which brought out in more distinct and prominent relief
the papal supremacy. And the most rigid denouncers of
protestantism, the most zealous upholders of Catholic tra-
dition, would have heard with astonishment the modern
dogma that by accepting of the royal supremacy they
forfeited all claims to Catholic communion. That doctrine
was not set up until the reign of Elizabeth, with what
effect we shall see hereafter.
When Mary ascended the throne she restored the
Roman Catholic religion, but the Irish chiefs rebelled no
less than they had done under her Protestant predecessor.
What was it to them that the Pope had made over " to
" their Majesties his whole interest in the kingdom of
" Ireland ?"* Before Saintleger the new Deputy arrived
at his post, O'Connor had invaded Offaly, and O'Neill
Louth. O'Bryan and the Earl of Thomond, though of
the same race, were at deadly feud. The O'Carrolls were
murdering and re-murdering. Shane O'Neill and Eoe
O'Neill, Tyrone (O'Neill) and Hugh McNeill were actively
* Hamilton V, Calendar, I. 134-
INTRODUCTION. xvii
employed in devastating each other's countries, and exter-
minating the blood of O'Neill. Ulster and Munster were
disquieted by insurrectionary chiefs, who hated English
strangers much, but native rivals more. Roman Catholic
sovereigns found it quite as necessary to enforce order in
Ireland by a strong hand, as Protestant sovereigns before
and after them. Roman Catholic Deputies were com-
pelled, or thought themselves compelled, to burn villages
and fire upon rebels and traitors, as much as Protestant
Deputies had done. R/oman Catholic bishops were just as
ready to turn the spiritual artillery of the Church upon
the wild Irish as Protestant bishops even Browne and
Bale had ever thought of doing before them.
In the instructions given by Philip and Mary to the Earl
of Sussex, whose orthodoxy and adherence to Papal
authority not even the Irish could call in question, the
following directions occur :
" As the disorders of Ireland, by the rebellion of the Connors
and Mores, and the access and increase of the Scots, are so great and
so many that the rebels cannot be reduced, nor the Scots expulsed,
their Majesties have determined to continue without diminution
their present forces in Ireland."
And again :
" As the inhabitants of the North parts of Ireland are much given
to disorder, and the potentates of the same are very much inclined
to the Scots, the Deputy shall use his best endeavours to punish and
redress their disorders."*
Again :
" Forasmuch as, for lack of ministration of justice, malefactors
have of late years more and more increased, although the fees of
the ministers of the law are nevertheless double, to the end they
should ride abroad into wild countries to minister justice and see
our Jaws executed upon the evil, we will that our Deputy forthwith
* Csirew Calender, I. 273.
xviii .INTRODUCTION.
give the necessary orders to the judges, and see the offenders
punished."
" As in. the Irish countries, under Irish lords and others, great
impositions, pains, orders, &c. are put upon the subjects pro arbitrio
et voluntate jvbentis, and whoso refuseth is finally enforced to
pay the uttermost penny without redemption, this being the chief
mean for keeping the people under them in awe, and always ready
to do their will, our pleasure is that our Deputy shall see to
the reformation of these abuses."*
And, lastly, I submit to my readers the following extract
from the "petty suits" made to the Queen by Arch-
bishop Dowdall, who was restored by Mary to the see of
Armagh in consequence of his adherence to the old
religion :
" Item, where there is no remedy or redress had against the
Irishmen that doth not answer writ or bill for any hurts that they
do, either to bishop or any other inferior prelates, but only by the
censures of the Church as hath ever continued there : And yet some
of the learned men there beith of that opinion that it should be
cause of praemunire to curse any of them in any temporal cause, as
well as to curse a subject, if remedy may be duly had by the course
of the King's laws : It may please Her Highness to grant me to
have at all times liberty and license to exercise and minister all
kind of ecclesiastical censures against the said wild Irish that do
not answer writ or bill, neither remedy otherwise can be had
against them but only by the same : And this with the reservation
of all old liberties that Her Grace's ancestors granted to the see of
Ardmaghen, and archbishops there, for the time being, with a pro-
tection to the said Ardmachen, being my chief see, that it be not
hindered in time to come by Her Grace's Deputy or soldiers, as it
hath been now of late."
In fact, whoever was the ruler, native or stranger, Protes-
tant or otherwise, the same disorders prevailed, and had
to be met by the same remedies. The mailed hand of
authority could only repress violence by violence. Milder
Carew Calendar, I. 253-5.
INTRODUCTION. xix
measures would have been considered by the Irish as a
confession of weakness.
But the chief interest connected with Mary's reign
centres in her proceedings in matters of religion ; and on
this subject I must say a few words. In the instructions
given by the King and Queen to the Lord PitzWater, i.e.,
to Sussex, in April 1556, their Majesties thus declare
themselves : *
" Our said Deputy and Council shall by their own good example
and all other good means to them possible advance the honour of
Almighty God, the true Catholic faith and religion now by God's
great goodness and special grace recovered in our realms of England
and Ireland ; and, namely, they shall set forth the honor and dig-
nity of the Pope's Holiness and See Apostolic of Rome, and from
time to time be ready, with our aid and secular force, at the
request of all spiritual ministers and ordinaries there, to punish and
repress all heretics and Lollards, and their damnable sects, opinions,
and errors. And where the most reverend Father in God, our
right trusty and right entirely beloved cousin, the Lord Cardinal
Pole, being sent unto us from the Pope's Holiness and the said
See Apostolic Legate of our said realms, mindeth in brief time to
despatch into our said realm of Ireland certain his commissioners
and officials to visit the clergy and other members of the said
realm of Ireland ; our will, pleasure, special request, and express
commandment is, that our said Deputy and Council shall, in all and
everything belonging to the function and office Legatine, assist,
aid, and further the same commissioners, officials, their ministers,
and commandments, for the advancement of God ; s glory and the
honor of the See Apostolic, so that the same commissioners and
officials shall at their return report no lack in our said Deputy
and Council or any other our ministers and good subjects in this
part."
Conformably to the determination thus expressed steps
were taken to eject from their sees such of the episcopal
clergy >s had promoted the Reformation in the previous
reign. Dowdall was restored to the primacy and the see
* Carew Calendar, I. 252.
b 2
XX INTRODUCTION.
of Armagh: Browne archbishop of Dublin, Staples bishop
of Meath, Lancaster of Kildare, and Travers of Leighlin,
were deposed for violating the canons of the Church, by
contracting marriage; Bale bishop of Ossory and Casy
bishop of Limerick anticipated their sentence by flight.
In the room of these bishops, Hugh Curwin suc-
ceeded to Dublin, Wm. Walsh to Meath, Thos. Leve-
reux to Kildare, Filey to Leighlin, Lees or Lacy to
Limerick, and Thonory to Ossory. In 1553 FitzGerald
was made archbishop of Cashel, void by the death of his
predecessor Edward Butler; and Roger Skyddy became
bishop of Cork and Cloyne in 1556. These are the only
changes of any importance affecting the Church as recorded
in the rolls and state papers of Mary's reign. Of course
the Mass was restored. Some ineffectual attempts were
made to recover the Church property which had been sold
or embezzled during the late reigns ; here and there feeble
efforts were set on foot to re-establish religious houses, and
the married clergy were generally deprived. But a
married clergyman was of rare occurrence, either in Eng-
land or in Ireland, during the 16th century. The people
had not yet lost the notion, with which they had been
long familiarized, that the celibacy of the clergy was
indispensable to their sacred functions. Had it been
otherwise, the meanness of the provision made for them,
the precariousness of their tenancy, and the non-existence
or decay of parsonages, would have proved effectual
obstacles to the married state in general.
But, however strong might be Mary's inclinations to the
Papacy, she had no intention whatever of renouncing her
supremacy. Those who have been accustomed to identify
the royal supremacy with Protestantism, and to regard the
acceptance of it as equivalent to a renunciation of the
Roman Catholic faith, will be surprised to learn that by the
INTRODUCTION. xxi
same authority by which the religious independence of this
nation had been declared in the reign of Henry VIII., and
the Six Articles enacted, by the same and by no other was
the old religion restored under Mary ; by the same and by
no other was the Legatine authority of Cardinal Pole ad-
mitted and recognized. At the very outset of her reign
Mary exalted to the primacy of Ireland, not "Waucop the
papal nominee, but Dowdall who had submitted to the
royal supremacy in the reign of Henry VIII. In the
earliest act* of her agreement with the Irish chief, Eugene
Magennesse, captain and principal of his nation, it is
expressly stipulated, next to his being the Queen's faithful
subject, that he shall admit no " provisor from the Roman
court." In the communications between her Council in
England and that of Irelandf she styled herself " Queen
" of England, Prance, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith,
" and on earth Supreme Head of the Churches of England
" and Ireland;" and in her proclamations she assumed
the same authority. She issues her conge d'elire, sends
her commission to archbishops and bishops whom they are
to consecrate,| just as her father had done; she leases out
abbey lands "with their appurtenances, both spiritual
" and temporal," to laymen, without a thought of their
restoration. In the oath of the Deputy, Sussex, this
clause is inserted : "Ye shall maintain and defend the
" laws of God and the Christian faith, and, as far as their
" Majesties' laws do or shall permit, the usages, rites,
" ceremonies, and liberties of Holy Church "|| In answer
* Dec. 6, 1553. Carew, I. 247.
f 20 July 1553. Morrin, I. 304.
J After her marriage she yielded more apparently to the Papal claims ;
or else was drawn in that direction by the influence of Philip and by
other causes. See Morrin's Calendar, I. 337, 339, 340, 377.
Morrin, ib., 319, 321, 372.
I Morrin, ib., 378.
2 *
XXli INTRODUCTION.
to a request from the Earl of Tyrone that a chaplain of his
might be established in the priory of the Cathedral
Church of Down, for which he had obtained the Pope's
bulls, she desires the Deputy to inform the said Earl " that
" we intend to maintain our prerogative left unto us by
" our progenitors in that behalf."* With all her respect
for the Pope, as the spiritual head of the Church, with all her
desire of securing his approbation, with all her attachment
to the old religion, it is quite clear that she never intended
to abate or diminish that authority in ecclesiastical matters
which her father and her brother had exercised before her.
As their supremacy had been employed in maintaining " the
rites, ceremonies, and liberties of the Church " conformably
to their own interpretation of them, and that of the nation
in their time, so hers is governed by similar considerations,
but with different results.
On comparing the effects of Mary's government of
Ireland with those of her immediate predecessor, it will be
seen that, with the exception of the changes already men-
tioned, the state of that kingdom remained much the same.
As English authority was not impaired in her hands, so also
it was not materially advanced. In the Pale there was the
same conflict of interests, which had always impeded the
progress of order and of good government. Deputies and
Councils did not work harmoniously together. Industry
was depressed by heavy imposts. Theft and insubordina-
tion terrified the farmer, and drove him to abandon his
land, or to follow the bad example of those around him
The scanty supply of labor compelled m'm to employ the
native Irish, who made common cause with their country-
men, and not unfrequently betrayed their masters. In-
dustry, regularity, and economy have not in general been
* July 6, 1558. Hamilton's CaL, I. 147.
INTRODUCTION. xxiii
, considered as Irish virtues. It would have been little less
than a marvel if they could have flourished at all in such
a state of society and under such enormous disadvantages.
But yet slowly and steadily, with many relapses, and in
spite of heavy discouragements, the cause of order and
good government was slowly making way. If any one
will take the trouble to compare the condition of Ireland
in Mary's reign with its condition under Henry VII., he
.will, I think, have little doubt upon this subject.
The same remark applies to the country outside the
Pale. Ulster, governed by a native chief, and the focus
of native independence, was no less turbulent than before.
The disaffection of the province was continually fanned
and kept alive by the incursions of the Scotch, the impla-
cable enemies of England. It was impossible to maintain
such an effective and vigilant guard along the sea-coast as
should keep out Scotch volunteers, never reluctant to
offer their services to Tyrone, and to recruit his exhausted
mercenaries. It was the old Border warfare transferred
from Northumberland to the Irish Seas. Always for-
midable to the English Deputies, it might have been more
formidable still, had not the two allies been quite as ready
to cut each other's throats as the throats of the English
or of the Anglo-Irish settlers. Here, then, there was no
improvement, and there did not seem to be hope of any.
O'Neill and his numerous retainers, satisfied with an un-
limited command of oatmeal, whisky, and " hairy butter,"
did not desire any change of condition which might have
imposed upon them the disagreeable necessity of a more
regular life, and entailed habits of industry incompatible
with the dignity of an idle Irish gentleman. Such men
had never worked, and never intended to work. Harassing
their neighbours' cows, especially if those neighbours were
Englishmen or under English protection, stealing their
xxiv INTRODUCTION.
neighbours' corn, burning their houses or their farmsteads,
carrying off their wives and their children, or leaving
them to perish of hunger and nakedness, these were
adventures more agreeable to the restless humors of armed
and needy retainers, whose love of mischief was stimulated
by their idleness and their poverty. Not indeed that they
had any special hatred of English rule beyond the restraint
it necessarily imposed upon these habits, or any pious and
profound preference of the old to the new religious faith.
They burnt churches as they burnt houses ; they plundered
the most orthodox priest with as little compunction as the
most heretical Protestant.*
Of course no archbishop could reside in Ulster; churches
and cathedrals fell equally into ruin. Papal nominees,
commanded no more respect than others. Perhaps the
only ecclesiastic in the whole province who possessed any
real authority was the Dean of Armagh, Shane O'Neill's
brother, and his political correspondent with England. f
In Connaught and Munster matters wore a better
aspect. The great chiefs of these provinces had Norman
blood in their veins, and traced back their descent to the
earliest conquerors of Ireland. The Burkes, the Fitz-
Geralds, the Stantons, the Barretts, the Curcies, the
Butlers, the Barries, and the FitzMorrises were, as their
names import, of a distinct race from the native Irish.
Though from long residence in Ireland they had become
in many respects Hibernicis Hiberniores, they still
retained some relics of Norman usages and of Norman
sympathies. Adopting, for the most part, the disorderly
habits of those among whom they lived, they practised " all
kinds of Irish exactions and extortions ;"J consequently, like
* See Appendix A.
f Sec Appendix B.
Carew Cal. I.. 335.
INTRODUCTION. XXV
the native Irish, they paid little regard to law and order.
But they were not so unwilling as the Irish to submit to
those feudal usages which had paved the way for good and
regular government in England. They accepted more
readily the division of their country into shires. They
abandoned more easily the use of tanistry, they consented
to hold their honors and their estates of the English crown.
They showed themselves less resolute in their defiance of
the English Deputy. Por these reasons they were regarded
by the O'Neills and others of unmixed Irish descent as
upstarts and usurpers, only one degree more tolerable than
the degenerate English settlers of the Pale.
It is not pretended that they submitted implicitly to Eng-
lish authority, or that they allowed English reforms to be
introduced into their countries without a struggle, or that
their professions of obedience could be relied upon when-
ever their blood was stirred by real or imaginary wrongs.
The slightest spark was sufficient to fan such inflammable
materials into a flame. The love of mischief and the love
of strife spread with the celerity of wild-fire to the neigh-
bouring tribes ; circle succeeded to circle, wave followed
wave in ceaseless agitation, until country after country
and province after province caught up the same wild and
maddening infection. Cause or no cause, injury or no in-
jury, it made no difference. It is provocation enough for
an Irishman, if he sees Irishmen at fisticuffs, to take part
in the fray.* He joins in a quarrel as he joins in a funeral
procession, without knowing or caring to analyse his
motives ; and he is often loudest in his grief and fiercest
in his pugilism in proportion as he is ignorant of the
person and the cause which has excited the one or pro-
* "They fight for their dinner, and many of them lose their heads
before they be served with their suppers." Sydney to the Privy Cou ncil,
Carew Cal., II. 52.
XXVI INTRODUCTION.
voked the other. Any such inquiry or deliberation he
would resent as a reflection on his courage, or an
imputation on his humanity. Modern historians appear
to me to attribute much deeper motives to these
stormy phenomena than the truth will warrant to
ascribe them falsely to an inveterate hatred of English
rule and religious discipline, just as, on the other side,
Protestant historians of preceding centuries were wont to
stigmatize as perfidious and hypocritical the readiness with
which Irish chiefs promised submission, and the equal
readiness with which they broke their vows on the
slightest occasion. There was no deep-laid scheme of
revenge, no profound policy in either case. The Irish-
man no more thought then, than he does now, into what-
ever mischief or extravagance such humors might betray
him, that he was defying the Queen's authority. He was
indulging his whim or his caprice, no more : distasteful
it might be to English notions of propriety, but, in his es-
timation, if ever he thought about it, it was no more than
an agreeable pastime, not unbecoming a gentleman and a
loyal subject. It is we, judging of Irishmen by English
prejudices, who have given too serious an aspect and sig-
nificance to these natural ebullitions; just as the same
narrow spirit in the sixteenth century, of which I am
speaking, led the English authorities into the mistake of
supposing that if they could only succeed in introducing
into Ireland those usages which were so intimately con-
nected with good order and tranquillity here, the same
happy results would ensue, and Ireland become as peaceful
and as prosperous as England*. The soil itself was un-
congenial.
" To reduce/' writes the Earl of Sussex to Elizabeth, " the wild
Irish to some certain kind of obedience, it will be convenient to
alter their states from Irish election to English succession, the
reasons whereof do appear hereafter.
INTRODUCTION. xxvii
" The election to the captainship of the country is the cause why
the Irishmen do keep great numbers of idle men of war, that
thereby they might be the stronger, hoping by their strength to be
the liker to be elected captain upon a vacation. These men of war
(armed retainers), being brought up and fed with idleness, cannot
be restrained in time of peace from stealing and a number of other
enormities. To maintain them in this life they have finding and
expenses upon the country, whereby be brought in coyne and
livery and all other Irish exactions, which be the only grounds and
causes of all the uncivil and detestable [dis]orders of that realm,
and of their licentious disobedience to the Prince. The taking
away of this election, and granting of estates in succession to the
heir-male, will give occasion to the captain to foresee that no man
in his rule shall keep such force as he shall be able to disturb his
son in his succession ; and brothers not to have will to keep idle
men of war for that purpose, when hope of election shall be taken
from them." Instead of these irregular exactions he proposes that
the Irish captains should take the yearly rent of a penny from
the inhabitants; and "a perfect obedience to the Prince would
ensue."*
Excellent advice unquestionably, a type of English
policy in all ages, and of English reasoning in reference
to Ireland ; indisputable in its facts, unexceptionable
in its arguments ; cool, thoughtful, and narrow-minded.
It was the very incarnation of that principle which the
Tudor sovereigns have been accused of disregarding.
Their extreme desire of doing for Ireland what had been
done for England, and had raised it to pre-eminence
among the nations, made them overlook the difference
in the habits, tempers, circumstances of the two people.
" Do as you would be done by " was at the bottom of all
their failures. The Irishman preferred irregular exactions
to the regular yearly penny. His neighbour's cow beef,
however tough, with starvation for the rest of the week,
and a certainty of reprisals, was more pleasant to him
* Carew Cal., I. 348 ; compare also 339.
XXViii INTRODUCTION.
than the stalled ox of his own pastures and the monotony
of peace. It was his taste, it had been the taste of his
forefathers, and all further discussion about the subject
was useless.
Queen Mary died on the 17th day of November 1558.
Sussex was still Deputy. But in the following December
Sir Henry Sydney, father of the more celebrated Sir Philip,
was appointed Lord Justice, and Sussex crossed over to
England. No Englishman ever tasted the bitter-sweet of
the Irish deputyship, but sighed and prayed to leave it.
No Englishman who had left it, but forgot in England
the bitter, and, remembering only the sweet, sighed and
consented to return to it; though with the fullest con-
viction that he should run the same gauntlet as before,
be vilified by his enemies in his absence, thwarted by his
Council, ill supported by his sovereign, ruined in his
fortune and probably in his. reputation. The infatuation
seems wholly inexplicable. To what must it be attri-
buted ? To the love of power, or the love of adventure ?
To fondness of Ireland, or to an almost Irish abhorrence of
peace and monotony in England ? At the commencement
of 1559, we find Sussex preferring the most earnest
supplications to Elizabeth to suffer him to continue in
England. He had brought his wife, his family and his
horses with him ; he holds two offices of her Majesty as
captain of the band of Pensioners and Justice of the
Forests, the ordering of which " is enough occupare totum
homincm"* Then, the Lord Justice Sydney is a much bet-
ter manager than he ; he is the co-gossip of that dangerous
chief, Shane O'Neill, and his influence over him is great.
A few weeks after, he repeats his request, but in a more
languid tone, to Cecil, then Secretary of State. In May
* Hamilton's Cal., I. 152, 154.
INTRODUCTION. xxix
we find him in full preparation for his return. Before the
summer is come and gone he is once more "the Lord
Deputy of her Grace's realm of Ireland ;" for " the preser-
vation of peace among her people, and execution of justice
acccording to her Majesty's laws and usages :" so help him
" God, all saints and holy evangelists." *
The first article in his instructions shows the principles
of the new sovereign and of the Tudors generally. " The
" Deputy and Council shall set the service of Almighty
" God before their eyes ; and the said Deputy and all
" others of that Council who be native-born subjects of
" this realm of England shall use the rites and ceremonies
" which are by law appointed, at least in their houses."f
To obviate any just cause of complaint, to remove even
the appearance of inequality between the rights and
privileges of the two kingdoms, the Deputy is enjoined to
see justice impartially administered; and, " considering how
" needful it is in many cases to provide like laws as be of
" late established in this realm, the said Deputy shall
" therein confer with the rest of the Council there, show-
" ing to them the titles or books of the last Parliament
" here. And upon determination which of them may
" seem meet for that realm, either as they be, or with
" other alteration, the same to be accorded, and any other
" also to be newly devised for the weal of that realm, and,
" as the manner hath been, to return some person in-
" structed therewith, to the end her Majesty, so allowing
" the same, may give authority for her royal consent to be
" given thereto by her said Deputy." The wisdom, the
equity, the moderation of such counsels are worthy of the
great sovereign from whom they emanated. What sanc-
Morrin, I. 418.
f Carcw Cal., I. 279.
XXX INTRODUCTION.
tion do they give to the popular misapprehensions of
arbitrary government under the Tudors ?
What was the nature of those laws "of late established,"
to which the Queen referred, may be easily seen by
a reference to the Statute Book. Among them was the
abolition of the mass, and the restoration of the royal
supremacy to its former integrity. Whatever now may be
thought of these acts it must be remembered that they
were the recorded convictions of the nation, which the
Queen, even had she been so inclined, was in no condition
to oppose, and which, after they had been solemnly ratified
by the three estates of the realm, she could not in justice
have refused to put in practice. Her own inclinations
certainly did not lean to the extremes of Protestantism.
Like her father she was accused of favoring the ceremonial
observances of the old religion; and there were many
disputes among the more rigid even of the Protestant
bishops and clergy whether they could with a safe con-
science minister in the royal chapel, where, in spite of all
their remonstrances, the Queen insisted on retaining lights
and a crucifix upon the altar. But the national will had
unequivocally declared itself against Popery, and the
events of the last reign had entirely alienated from it the
minds of the people of England. Severity had been em-
ployed, under the characteristic rule of a foreign sovereign,
from which even its own ministers revolted. It had
identified every attempt to restore Popery with associations
the most repugnant to the profoundest feelings of the
nation. No one lamented that the fatal experiment had
come to a close by the death of Mary : not even the
Ho man Catholics themselves.
Consequently the accession of Elizabeth was hailed with-
delight, as men escaping from an ugly dream rejoice in
the freshness of the morning. The bishops, without
INTRODUCTION. xxxi
exception, refused to take part in her consecration, but
these scruples were not shared by the great mass of the
clergy or of the laity. When the Act of Supremacy
passed the Commons, not a single dissentient voice was
raised against it. In the Upper House only two of the
temporal lords opposed it. Out of 9,400 ecclesiastics, the
clergy who were deprived for refusing it amounted to no
more than the following list : 80 rectors, 50 prebendaries,
15 masters of colleges, 12 archdeacons, 12 deans, 6 abbots
and abbesses. No such momentous change had ever taken
place in this or any country with less opposition. Here,
at all events, the unanimity of the nation was scarcely
affected by it.
But it has long been a matter of dispute how far these
changes were accepted in Ireland. If English bishops
refused them, and were deprived, were Irish bishops likely
to be more compliant ? Or even if the bishops of the Pale
submitted and accepted the royal supremacy, is it probable
that those beyond the Pale would follow their example,
and bend to an authority in spiritual matters which they
scarcely acknowledged in temporal ? These doubts are not
easily solved. First, because in no time during the reign of
the Tudors did Ireland present such a uniform appearance
that we can infer from the condition of one province what
was going on in another. Next, because no sufficient proofs
exist for forming an unerring judgment; but chiefly
because writers in general are apt to form their notions
of Ireland and of the condition of the Irish Church either
from its appearance at later times or from its analogy to
the ecclesiastical system of England.
It is necessary that my readers should disabuse them-
selves of the supposition that any such regular parochial
system existed in Ireland, until long after the Reformation,
xxxii INTRODUCTION.
as was to be found here, or, if it did, that it was or could
be regularly administered. Even here the parish priest
had been rapidly sinking into insignificance and contempt,
and parish churches were falling into ruins. The great
monasteries had engrossed the endowments intended for
the clergy. The instruction of the people in all but the
poorest and most insignificant parishes was carried on by
a vicar nominated by the religious houses, generally badly
paid and entirely dependent on his wealthy masters. The
jurisdiction of the bishops crippled, limited, and confined
by exemptions lavishly wrested from the Papal Court in
favor of these powerful religious bodies, the eminent sup-
porters of Papal authority against the national authority,
both spiritual and temporal extended year after year over
a clergy diminishing in number, learning and importance.
But it was far worse in Ireland. Here from time im-
memorial the wealth and dignities of the Church had been
almost entirely engrossed by the monastic corporations.
" As almost all the bishops in Ireland," says Giraldus
Cambrensis, " are chosen to the clerical office out of
" monasteries, they fulfil to admiration the duties of the
" monk, and neglect almost entirely those of the clergy
" man and the bishop."*
They had not improved in this respect, and were hardly
likely to improve, between the time when Giraldus wrote
and the Reformation. Monastic wealth and influence,
advancing with rapid strides in this country from the
reign of Henry II. to the sixteenth century, was not
destined to recede in Ireland, where many causes were
at w r ork to oppress and pauperise the parocliial clergy, and
throw the care and instruction of the people into the
* Topog. Ilib., iii. ch. 29.
INTRODUCTION.
hands of the religious orders. Were the turbulent laity or
their ambitious chiefs likely to respect the secular priest
or spare the parish church ? "Were the secular clergy
themselves likely to remain in their cures under such
heavy discouragements ? Could the sacred buildings
themselves be otherwise than the meanest and most
ruinous, when their endowments were engrossed by bishops
and abbots whose whole interest was centred in that
monastic order to which they severally belonged ? Even
in England it might be questioned how far the picturesque
effect of our parish churches would have been modified, if
we could have seen them as they stood at the* Reformation,
and have separated from the poor unappropriated parish
church those more splendid fabrics which owed their
grandeur and magnificence to some neighbouring abbey.
But of this there was nothing in Ireland. There the
parish churches fell into utter neglect; and the reports
even of the cathedrals in Ireland, sent to the Pope, reveal a
state of squalor, decay, and poverty, utterly incredible to
those who are apt to judge of the churches of Ireland by
those of England. How could the churches of Ireland
flourish when the hand of the spoiler was abroad ? when
Irish and English, natives and settlers, were almost alike
employed " in spoiling, preying, and burning ? " when
neither " archbishop or bishop, abbot or prior, parson or
" vicar, or any other person of the Church, high or low,
" great or small," cared to preach the word of God, or
look after the spiritual instruction of the people ? Such is
the report of an eyewitness shortly before the Reforma-
tion ; and all the evidences that remain to this day of the
state of Ireland confirm its accuracy. The spiritual guides
of the people were the " begging friars," who ministered
and preached in the open air, uncared for by abbots or
3 C
XXXIV INTRODUCTION.
bishops, and equally careless of episcopal orders and
episcopal authority.*
Therefore, when the Reformation in Ireland swept away
the religious houses and their inmates, it found no substi-
tute to take their places. These houses had become the great
trustees for almost all the ecclesiastical property and endow-
ments in Ireland. They had converted the great tithes to
their own uses, leaving the smaller tithes and the poor
offerings of a poor population for the support of a vicar.
Half cleric, half farmer, and not unfrequently a sort of col-
lector of the dues of the monastery, he eked out a miserable
stipend by all sorts of contrivances, not always the most
consistent with his holy calling. Prom an income of 10/.
or 12J. Irish, for these livings in Ireland did not amount,
in many cases, to 40/. English, f what could be spared for
the exigencies of divine service or the repair of the church ?
"What likelihood was there that such a "minister could
devote himself to learning, even if his congregation would
have appreciated learning ? His habits, his tastes, his in-
dulgences, his pursuits, were those of his flock, from whom
he scarcely differed, except that he had taken holy orders,
and had authority to administer the sacraments of the
Church. As for the rest he lived as they lived, caring very
little about those doctrinal discussions which engaged the
rest of Christendom, and troubling himself as much about
the merits of the royal supremacy as he did about the
translation of the New Testament into English.
* As the friars received their faculties from the Pope they were wholly
independent of the bishops, who bore them no good will. They were, in
fact, a sort of irregular interlopers on the old ecclesiastical system, and
were encouraged by the Papal Court in its ingenious contrivance for a
balance of ecclesiastical power. Lake many such ingenious contrivances
it helped more than anything else to punish the inventors of it, and subvert
the Papal authority in the end.
t See Appendix C.
INTRODUCTION. XXXV
With the confiscation of the monastic property at the
Reformation he had changed masters. His new patron
was no longer an ahbot, a prior, or the head of some
conventual house, but a layman, English or Irish, who had
contrived to obtain possession, by money, by favour, or by
other means, of the monastic estates and their impropria-
tions. His stipend remained as before. His pursuits,
his education, his qualifications, continued the same. If
he and his patron were unscrupulous, and the bishop not
more than ordinarily vigilant, they contrived between them
to dismantle the church of its lead, its windows, its stone-
work, and all that was valuable. In a few years church,
vicar, and congregation all disappeared, and the small
tithes equally as the great tithes fell into the hands of the
patron. In other parishes the provision for the minister
was so mean that no vicars could be found to take them.
In others again the patrons, whether lay or episcopal,
removed from the restraint of public censure and opinion,
openly neglected to present a minister, let the tithes and
glebe lands to farm, allowed the churches to fall, and the
people to grow up in ignorance.
Long before the Reformation, and for some years after,
there is one uniform complaint that the churches in Ire-
land are utterly ruinous, and the provision made for their
maintenance by the King, his progenitors and nobles, for
the augmentation of God's divine service and the support
of His ministers, had been wasted and destroyed. The
Earl of Kildare writes in 1525 that " all the churches, for
" the more part within the counties of Kilkenny and Tip-
" perary, are in such extreme decay that no divine service
" is kept there." * The Earl of Ossory in 1532, petition-
ing Cromwell for a bishopric in Connaught (Enaghdulen)
* Carew Cal., L 33.
c 2
XXXVl INTRODUCTION.
to be given to a clergyman of his own recommendation,
describes it as worth only 20J. a year (Irish), the clergy
far out of order, and the cathedral a ruin.* In the consis-
torial process, held at Rome 9 Nov. 1516, on the election
of the Bishop of Clonmacnois, in the province of Tuam,
the report states that the town consisted of 12 cottages
built of straw and osiers ; that the cathedral was unroofed ;
that it had but one altar, covered with thatch, and a small
sacristy. Its annual income is returned at 33 ducats, and
its revenues were paid in corn and barley, f Next year, in
a report made from Ireland to the Pope, at the election of
the Bishop of Ardagh, there occurs the following state-
ment : " That part of Ireland which is nearest England is
" most civilized. The other part is brutal. The inhabi-
" tants live in wooden huts covered with straw. A large
" part of them herd with their cattle in the fields and in
" caves. Almost all are shoeless, and given to thieving.
" In the town of Ardagh there are not more than four
" wooden huts ; scantily inhabited, in consequence of the
" interminable feuds winch prevail among the Irish.
" Nothing now remains of the cathedral except the walls.
" There is an altar exposed to the weather. Its annual
" income is 10 ducats." J
Of the state of Ross, on the resignation of its bishop in
1517, we find that the town consisted of 200 cottages;
the cathedral was of stone, covered with a wooden roof,
but without any pavement. Its revenues were no more
than 60 marks. As late as the year 1669 the united sees
of Cork and Cloyne were valued at Kittle more than 40Z.
yearly.
* Carew CaL, I. 49.
t Theiner, p. 518. These reports are from the Vatican.
J Ibid., 521.
Hamilton, I. 424.
INTRODUCTION. XXXvii
This lamentable condition of the Church continued far
down in the reign of Elizabeth. The metropolitan church
of Armagh, as might be expected, had been again and
again wasted and turned to any other than religious pur-
poses. In 1561 it was fortified by the Deputy, and made a
storehouse for soldiers' victuals.* In 1563 it was restored
by the Queen to Shane O'Neill on condition that the dean
and the clergy should be permitted to perform divine service
in it without molestation.f But how well the Irish chief
observed his promise is clear from a letter addressed by
Thomas Lancaster to Cecil three years after, in which we
find that O'Neill, on being repulsed from Dundalk, had
" broken down " and burned the metropolitan church of
Armagh. J Kilmakoagh, another cathedral, was in no
better condition. " We perceive how greatly religion and
" justice be decayed in most parts," writes Elizabeth in
1578 to Sir "William Drury, " the parish churches fallen
" down, and there no service said, or very seldom." He is
therefore ordered to take such measures " as all those the
" several parish churches decayed may be re-edified, who
" in law are chargeable therewith, the parsons, vicars, or
Hamilton's Cal., I. 174. This explains the reason why Adam Loftus,
the primate, resided at Dublin ; and fully disposes of the modern hypo-
thesis, that whilst he was nominally primate the see of Armagh was
really governed by the papal nominee, Richard Creagh. It is very im-
probable that when Elizabeth covenanted in 1563 with O'Neill for the
restoration of the cathedral to the dean and clergy for the purposes of
religious worship, these clergy could be Roman Catholics ; or, rather,
obnoxious to the Queen for refusing her supremacy. In fact, until the
nomination of Thomas Lancaster, in March 1568 (Hamilton, I. 371), and
the restoration of the cathedral by the Queen, it was probably in no
condition fit for divine service. The same remark applies to other sacred
edifices.
t Hamilton's Cal., I. 226.
J Ibid., 312. 325.
Carew Cal., II. 47.
3 *
XXXviii INTRODUCTION.
" their farmers, compelled to keep curates."* In the same
year, in reply to a complaint from the Bishop of Ossory,
" that not only the chiefest men of that town (as for the
" most part they are bent to Popery) refused obstinately to
" come to the church, and that they could by no means be
" brought to hear the divine service there with their wives
" and families (as by her Majesty's injunctions they are
" bound to do), but that also almost all the churches and
" chapels or chancels within that his diocese were utterly
" ruined and decayed, and that neither the parishioners
" nor others that are bound to repair them and set them
" up could by any means be won or induced so to do,"
the Deputy directs a commission to the bishop and others
" to compel such as ought to do it," to repair and build
the same.f In a report of the Bishop of Meath in the
next year it is stated that one of her Majesty's farmers of
parsonages impropriate held sixteen benefices, and amongst
them all there was not one vicar or minister maintained
that could read English or understand Latin, or give a
good instruction to his parishioners.J The same bishop,
shortly after, in a report to Sir Henry Sydney of the state
of his own diocese, asserts that out of 224 parish churches
under him, 105 were appropriated without any resident
parson or vicar. The only support for a minister were the
offerings at the altar (altarages). There was no parsonage.
The walls of the churches had fallen down ; and the
chancels were without doors or windows.
It will be observed that these remarks apply either to
the churches within the Pale, or to those which fall more
immediately under the cognizance of the English deputy.
* Carew Cal. n., 131.
t Ibid., 144.
t Ibid., 181.
INTRODUCTION. xxxix
It is easy to infer what would be the condition of the
Church in remoter districts, where English authority was
scarcely acknowledged, and the Protestant faith was only
scantily admitted. Nothing, in truth, could exceed the
general squalor, wretchedness, and poverty, with all their
kindred evils, under which the Protestant church of Ireland
then laboured in all respects. In England the Reformation
made its way, not indeed without a struggle, but without
" fuel of fire." If its garments were not wholly unstained,
they were not, like those of the Reformation in Ireland,
" rolled in blood." The Church in England quietly suc-
ceeded to a rich and peaceable inheritance provided for it
by the piety and munificence of founders and benefactors ;
the Church of Ireland, reduced to a miserable pittance,
wasted and spoiled for centuries by neglect, by disorder, and
by civil dissension, struggled on for existence among a popu-
lation generally poor and mostly inimical, who did not care
to rebuild what their own hands had thrown down, and
resisted to the utmost the efforts of those who were better
disposed. The task of restoration was not easy. It could
not be accomplished in a few years. It was continually
interrupted by more urgent avocations. The wonder is
that it ever succeeded that there should be an Irish Pro-
testant church at all.
I proceed then to consider how far the Deputy and
Council in Ireland were in a condition to carry out the
instructions of their Sovereign "to set the service of
" Almighty God before their eyes " in their government of
Ireland ; and how far their efforts in this respect were, or
were like to be, crowned with success. But here we are
met with a preliminary inquiry, how far the English juris-
diction extended in the early years of Elizabeth ? It has
been contended by some that the whole hierarchy of Ire-
land submitted to the new government, with the exception
xl INTRODUCTION.
of the bishops of Meath and Kildare, who were deprived for
refusing the oath of supremacy. By others it is urged that
as the English Government, unfortunately for itself, had
no such opportunity for the exercise of its authority as is
implied in this supposition, none hut those who were im-
mediately obnoxious to its influence were likely to comply.
That influence, it is asserted, did not then extend be-
yond the dioceses of Dublin, Meath and Kildare.
If, indeed, the acceptance of the royal supremacy in
these early years had always been considered as identical
with a profession of the Protestant faith, or was generally
so considered by all the Irish bishops who held their sees
under Queen Mary, we should probably have discovered
in the Irish State Papers clearer evidences of their resis-
tance to the instructions of Sussex and others, than are now
to be found. But there was, as I have observed, a laxity
in this respect ; and many of the clergy, and almost all of
the laity, however attached they might be to the doctrinal
teaching of the Church of Home, had not yet been taught
to consider that their acceptance of the royal supremacy
was at all inconsistent with ancient orthodoxy. That pre-
rogative had been asserted by Henry VIII., by the bishops,
and by Convocation, at the very time when each and all
of them would have condemned to the fire any man
who denied the authority of the Church, or of General
Councils, or who might venture to question transubstan-
tiation, the worship of images, or the invocation of saints.
Any one who will take the trouble to examine Foxe's
M&rtyrology will find that for one person who was
punished for heresy before the Act, two at least were
punished after it. It will be remembered also that the
celebrated Six Articles, re-establishing every one of the
distinctive tenets of the Roman Catholic Church, were
passed at a time when the King's supremacy was main-
INTRODUCTION. xli
tained with the utmost rigor, and they were urged and
approved of by bishops who had been foremost in defend-
ing the royal supremacy. That Act was no more than an-
other step, and scarcely a step in advance of what had
been asserted before, in the statute of Prcemunire under
Richard II., in the statute of Provisors under Henry VI.,
substantially re-enacted under Henry VII. What change
then had the supremacy undergone under Elizabeth, to
make it more offensive to Roman Catholic consciences?
None. Why should men who had submitted to various
changes, and most of whom had accepted their bishoprics
with full knowledge of and consent to this obnoxious
claim of the English sovereign, become more scrupulous
under Elizabeth than they had been under Henry VIII. ?
Did one sovereign claim more than the other? Not
in the least. It is easy to charge with servility those
who complied with the requirements of the Government,
and to praise the fidelity of those who refused ; but the
praise of consistency is at all events more due to the
former than to the latter. Nor was it until many years
after the accession of Elizabeth that the Roman Catholics
were taught to believe that this article of the royal supre-
macy, which their forefathers had accepted in the belief
that it was perfectly compatible with the ancient creed,
could no longer be held by a Roman Catholic. During
the early years of the Reformation the supremacy of the
Pope had assumed an importance as the articulus stantis
et cadentis ecclesice it had never held before. It was by
no means necessary, either in England or in Ireland, that
a man should be a Protestant to declare that the Pope had
no right to take tithe or toll or nominate bishops in the
King's dominions. There was then nothing in the nature
of this Act to give more special offence to Irish Roman
Catholic bishops at the accession of Elizabeth than there
xlii INTRODUCTION.
had been in earlier times; nothing to alarm their con-
sciences at this period more than before ; nothing to stand
in the way of their interests, if they were swayed by
interested motives.
But it may be imagined that as the English authority
extended, as it has been affirmed, over so small a portion
of Ireland, and reached nowhere beyond the Pale, the Irish
bishops could have no motive and no interest in taking the
oath of ecclesiastical allegiance to a Sovereign who could
neither reward them for their compliance nor punish them
for disobedience. The supposition rests on an erroneous
assumption.
At the accession of Elizabeth, Armagh was vacant. The
conge d'elire addressed to the Dean and Chapter of
Armagh for the election of Adam Loftus, Oct. 30, 1561, is
in the State Paper Office.* Hugh Curwin, archbishop of
Dublin and Chancellor, appointed by Queen Mary, was
continued in the same offices until the third of Elizabeth.
Christopher Bodkin, archbishop of Tuam, had complied
under Edward VI., and was in correspondence with the
English Government in the first year of the new Queen. f
He remained in possession of his see till 1572, when he was
succeeded by Lealy.J In August 1559, Roland Baron, arch-
bishop of Cashel, Patrick Walsh, bishop of Waterford and
Lismore, and Hugh Lacy, bishop of Limerick, were joined
* Hamilton, I. 181.
t Morrin, I. 505. Carew CaL, I. 282. The Deputy is ordered by the
Queen to examine the requests made by the Archbishop of Tuam (Bodkyn)
and the Bishop of Clonfert (Rowland de Burgh) in favour of the Dean of
Tuam, and grant them, if not inconvenient to her Majesty's service. This,
at all events, implies an acknowledgement of her authority far beyond the
Pale. It implies also that both these prelates favoured the acts of the new
Government, for this Wm. Lealy, the dean of Tuam, was appointed by
Elizabeth to succeed Bodkyn in 1572.
J Lcaly's appointment in 1572 is in Morrin, ibid., 551.
INTRODUCTION. xliii
in one and the same commission by the English Government
with Thomas Earl of Ormond, the Treasurer of Ireland.*
In 1562, Sussex proposes to Queen Elizabeth to appoint a
President for Munster, and to join with him in Council
the Archbishop of Cashel and the bishops of Limerick,
Waterford, Cork, Emly, and Killaloe.f It would be absurd
to suppose that he would have made such a recommend-
ation if these prelates had not acknowledged the autho-
rity of the Queen, or had absolutely refused her jurisdiction.
In the same year, Sussex writes to the Queen that the
Archbishop of Cashel was "now in the Queen's dispo-
sition," { but the Bishop of Limerick was " a stubborn and
" disobedient man in causes of religion, and hath com-
" mitted offences whereby he hath, by the laws of the
" realm, forfeited his bishopric." But the Bishop appa-
rently complied not long after, for he is found in 1564
acting in a commission with Lord Thomas Cusacke and
other members of the Irish Council.
Among the suffragans of these archbishops, Thomas
Filey, bishop of Leighlin, in the English Pale, renounced by
his oath and writing his allegiance to the Pope, and made
suit for his bishopric. || He was succeeded by Kavanagh
in 1566.^[ Walsh of Meath and Leverous of Kildare were
* Morrin, L 433.
f Carew CaL, L 336.
J Ibid., 347.
Morrin, I. 492. There is a joint letter from him and the Countess
of Desmond to the Lords Justices, dated March 1568, thanking them for
then* care of Desmond's lands, and asking their approval that James Fitz-
Maurice may take the rule in the Earl's absence. This Countess of
Desmond was a staunch supporter of English authority. (Hamilton's
Calendar, I. 373.) It is said that Lacy was deprived in 1571, but not upon
what grounds. Nor is his deprivation noticed in any State Papers of the
period.
P Carew, 1. 282.
1 Hamilton, I. 318.
xliv INTRODUCTION.
deprived for disobedience. Walsh had been formerly prior
of the monastery of Ballydrohid in the county of Cork,
and under Queen Mary had been a great stickler for papal
authority.* To these must be added John Thonory, bishop
of Ossory, who is said to have been deprived in 1561,
though there is no mention of the fact in any of the State
documents of the time. The see was certainly vacant in
1565 ; and in 1566 the Queen commands Sir Henry Sydney,
then Deputy, to see Christopher Gafney consecrated and
installed in it.f These are the only instances, so far as can
be ascertained from the records of both kingdoms, of any
Irish bishops refusing the oath of supremacy. Of the
bishop of Clonfert I have spoken before. Of Roger Skiddy,
bishop of Cork and Cloyne, the restitution of his tempo-
* Morrin, I. 117. Walsh was appointed to his see in the first year of
Queen Mary, but he does not appear to have entered upon it till some time
after. There is a petition presented by him to Philip and Mary, in which
he states that he was elected bishop by the chapter and clergy of Meath ;
" but not having his lawful confirmation from the universal Catholic Church,
like other bishops, he could not with good conscience be consecrated."
He states that he was sent to Ireland at his own cost, and was put on the
commission for depriving certain married bishops and priests ; and had
been so much occupied in the execution of his office that he could not
attend to his consecration. (Morrin, I. 337.) He was imprisoned in 1565.
(Hamilton, I. 267.) Leverous had been schoolmaster to Gerald Fitz-
Gcrald, Earl of Kildare, and was recommended by Sir James Croft in the
reign of Edward VI. as the fittest person to succeed Dowdall, deprived for
nonconformity. (Ham., I. 118.) This would argue that Leverous was at
that time a protestant. In Mary's reign he was made Dean of St. Patrick's.
He appears to have been appointed to Kildare in 1555. Alex. Craik
succeeded to Kildare in 1560 (Morrin, I. 435), but growing weary of his
bishopric, and being ignorant of the language, the Queen appointed as his
successor in 1563 Robert Daly, "he being able to preach in the Irish tongue,
and well commended for his good name and manner of living." (Morrin,
I. 487.) Meath was not filled, apparently, until the same year when Hugh
Brady was admitted, to whom the Queen, in consideration " of his little
substance aforehand," was content to " grant him favorable days " in com-
pounding for his first fruits. (Morrin, I. 485.)
f Morrin, I. 499.
INTRODUCTION. xlv
ralities, and his confirmation by the Queen in 1561, will
be found in Morrin.* Skiddy resigned in 1567, and was
succeeded by Richard Dyxon in 1570.f Dyxon was deprived
for immorality in 1571, and the Queen nominated in his
room Matthew Scaine. Alexander Devereux, bishop of
Ferns, was succeeded by John Devereux, appointed by the
Queen in 15664 The year before she nominated James
M'Cawghwell to the bishopric of Down; and in 1570
Morgan, son of M'Brian Arra, is allowed by her, for his
maintenance in learning, to receive the profits of the
bishopric of Kyballagh, " as no person could enjoy it
" without the good will of the said M'Brian." In 1572
Stephen Kirwan is nominated to Kylmacow or Kil-
macduagh, Barry to Ardagh, Brown to Down, who was
afterwards set aside for Hugh Allen.
To these facts, taken from authentic records, we must
add that in 1566 Patrick "Walsh, the bishop of "Waterford
and Lismore, was appointed by the Queen, in conjunction
with Sir "William PitzWilliams and Patrick Fynglas, to
decide the controversies between the Earls of Ormond and
Desmond; || that although M'Cawghwell was kept out of
the bishopric of Down by Shane O'Neill's brother, Meyler
Magrath, the latter submitted to the Queen not long after,
and was confirmed by her in his bishopric ;^[ that Donald
Morrin I., 466, 472.
f Ibid., 539, 547.
} Ibid., 497.
Ibid., 493, 539, 551, 554. M'Cawghwell was not suffered to exercise
his functions.
|| Hamilton, I. 320. In June 1566 there LJ a letter from the Bishop of
Waterford to Sir Henry Sydney, resigning the deanery of Waterford in
consequence of age and infirmity, and recommending Peter White to
succeed him. Morrin, I. 494. The terms of the letter leave it impossible
to suppose that he did not comply.
^ A.D. 1567. Sec Hamilton, I. 341.
Xlvi INTRODUCTION.
Magonnell, bishop of Raphoe, is a witness to the treaty
made in 1565, between the Deputy and Calvart O'Donnell,
of Connalia, in which the latter agrees, among other things,
that the Queen shall have the nomination of all bishops
and other ecclesiastics in Connalia ;* that Patrick M'Mahon,
bishop of Ardagh, can scarcely have been a supporter of
the papal supremacy, as the Pope issued a bull against him
in 1568, for non-residence and for leaving his cathedral in
ruins. f
Unless, therefore, we are to imagine that all these in-
stances of the exercise of her ecclesiastical jurisdiction by
Elizabeth in Ireland were a dumb show, a romance, or a
political fiction, that the Deputies and Council in Ireland
were so supine, negligent or ignorant, as never to complain,
and never to betray the emptiness and vanity of the Queen's
commands as well as the impossibility of complying with
Morrin, I. 496.
"f Hamilton, I. 362. I am unwilling to encumber these pages with a
multitude of small details, but I find that Queen Elizabeth within the first
ten years of her reign made the following ecclesiastical appointments
beyond the English Pale, in addition to those already mentioned. In the
diocese of Armagh, to Rathdrumin and Dromysken (402). In Tuam
William Lealy, Dean of Tuam, to Gransear ; John Brangan to Kil-
myckrian (402) ; Hil. O'Dounlay to Donmore (474). In Cashel, Nicholas
Archdeacon, to the treasurership of the Cathedral, and to the livings of
Keighmockmocke and Galvoly (481); John Archdeacon, to the chan-
cellorship of the same (479) ; John Wale to Killenale (478) ; John
Bighton to Croghane (467). In Cork, confirmation of John'Miagh as
proctor, &c. of the cathedral of St. Finbar (466) ; Andrew Skeddy to the
chapel of St. John's (518) ; Thos. Gerrod to St. Miloch, Kynsale (402)
In Cloyne, Wm. Flynne to the deanery (440) ; Wm. Kevan to the Holy
Trinity, Ballyloghlany (442) ; Maur. Orodecan to Hatlin (508). In Emly,
Thos. Mulryan to be chancellor (478) ; Dermot O'Mulryan to be arch-
deacon (441) ; Const. Aylward to the prebend of Downe (478); John
Hogan and Thos. Hanyn to vicarages (ibid.). In Ardagh, Wm. Brady
to the deanery (481). In Clonfert, Dion. More to Kylronane (402). In
Clonmacuois, Pat. Morgan to the vicarage of Thesam (432). In Waterford,
Malachy Barry to Loynau (478). The figures represent the pages in
Morrin'a Calendar.
INTRODUCTION. xlvii
them, we must admit that from the first year of her reign,
and all through to the close of it, the Queen exercised her
jurisdiction far beyond the limits of the English Pale. If
that jurisdiction was sometimes evaded if there were
pretenders to sees, who claimed the name, though they
possessed not either the revenues or the cathedrals belong-
ing to their sees that is no more than what happened in
England. There were, of course, other bishops in Ireland,
of whom no distinct notice is recorded in the State Papers
of the period. Whether they conformed or not must be
left to conjecture only. If they did not, it is hardly pro-
bable that they would have been permitted to continue in
their sees. Por though the reign of Elizabeth was not
exempt from troubles, and Ireland was a continual thorn in
her side, it must be remembered that those troubles were
chiefly confined for many years to the northern province.
In 1563 so much progress had been made in reducing this
unhappy country to order, that the Queen could direct her
Commissioners in Ireland, that, seeing the whole realm was
in quietness,* and she had been often moved to establish
councils with good presidents and assistants in sundry
parts, they should confer with the Lieutenant and the
Council on this subject. " And herein might be remem-
" bered what number of houses of religion, having sundry
" possessions and remaining unserviceable, and occupied
" by disobedient subjects, and light persons, going and
" coming from Rome with bulls and writings for the
" same ; which houses, being with their lands brought to
" our possession, might serve for some good part for the
* This is no official exaggeration, as some might imagine. Even in
Ulster, the terra incognita as it has been called of Ireland, we learn from
a letter of Terence Danyell. the Dean of Armagh, O'Neill's relative, that
the whole of the North was quiet, and all kinds oi husbandry and the
sowing of wheat were then carefully followed. March 25, 1564. I. S. P.
xlviii INTRODUCTION.
" yearly sustentation of officers and ministers of justice."*
If it be thought that the Queen would have remained
satisfied with a general acquiescence in her authority, I
must call attention to the very precise orders issued by
her to the Lord Deputy in 1562, in which she directs him
to see that all the nobility and others do their homage
in the forthcoming parliament.! Upon repeating this
command in 1563, you are to inquire, she says, " in what
" sort our laws are there observed for the orders of religion,
" and what disorders you find therein, and by what causes
" the same do arise, and to note well who be of our
" nobility and Council therein conformable, and who
" not."J
Nor must it be forgotten that there were other induce-
ments in Ireland, as well as here, which tended to make
the great Irish chiefs, and the bishops who were under
their control, more subservient than otherwise they might
have been; these were, leases and gifts of the abbey
lands still remaining in the Crown. Many of them had
been granted by the Sovereign as rewards for obedience
or good service, and the possessors of them, whatever
might be their religion, had no thought of parting with
their monastic property, any more than the sturdiest
protestant. These possessions had been originally con-
ferred on the Crown by Act of Parliament ; many still
remained concealed ; many had been usurped, and a just
title to them depended on the grace of the Sovereign. In
* Carew, I. 358.
t Ibid., 329.
J Ibid., 359. See also tho commission issued in 1564 to the Archbishop of
Armagh, the Earl of Kildare, and others, to inquire into all disorders
connected with divine service, to redress and reform all ecclesiastical
errors, offences, and heresies, to remove all intruders into benefices, &c.
Morrir,, I. 4S9.
INTRODUCTION. xlix
1559 the Earl of Clanricard petitions for the fee-farm of
the nunnery of Killcienaught in his own country, and is
gratified in his request by Queen Elizabeth.* Viscount
Montgarret, James Butler, brother of the Earl of Ormond,
the Earl of Desmond, the Baron of Dunboyne, prefer
similar suits with similar results. The Patent Rolls of
Ireland, as published by Mr. Morrin, reveal numerous
instances of concessions made by the Crown, absolutely
or at a small rent, of conventual lands and buildings, to
trustworthy and obedient subjects, both within and with-
out the Pale.
It is not to be denied that a large majority of the
population in all parts of Ireland still adhered to the old
religion ; and that emissaries from Rome were employed
to oppose the progress of those religious reforms which
Elizabeth desired to introduce. But these efforts were
neither systematic nor generally successful. Even if
Irishmen, actuated by ambition or by better motives, were
willing to undertake the duties and responsibilities of the
episcopate, with all its perils, there were many grave
objections, in the papal court, which stood in the way of
their advancement. A Roman Catholic bishop must be
trained to his office. He has to administer the laws and
be guided by the traditions of a Church which denies the
right of private judgment, and demands from its priesthood
something more than a knowledge of the Scriptures, or a
service in the vulgar tongue. He must have a professional
education, which could not at that tune be obtained in
Ireland. If the hierarchy was to be respected and obeyed
for even then it was exposed to jealousy and disrespect
it would not do to add ignorance to its poverty. There
might be candidates enough ; whether they were eligible
* Carcw, I. 282, *cq.
4 d
1 INTRODUCTION.
candidates was another question. But why should the
papal court appoint Roman Catholic prelates to every
vacant see in Ireland ? What was to be gained by such
a proceeding ? The preservation of the apostolical suc-
cession in every see ? By the magnificent theory of
ultramontanism, the Pope is in himself the fountain of all
spiritual dignity, the bishop of bishops, the ever present
representative of all episcopal succession, which can never
lapse or disappear, even when bishop, diocese, and con-
gregation may have been swept away or trampled into
indistinguishable dust by infidels and heretics. "Was it to
preserve the Irish Catholic in obedience to the Holy See ?
That was unnecessary; bishops had never been popular
or influential in Ireland. The religious education of the
people, such as it was, had been carried on by the religious
orders, more devoted to B/ome than the bishops themselves ;
more manageable and submissive than bishops; more
acceptable to the people ; supported at less cost. So, with
occasional exceptions, with just so many bishops as were
absolutely indispensable for ecclesiastical discipline, the
Homan Court fell back upon a more modest system of
ecclesiastical government, both in England and in Ireland,
biding its time, as it always has done, until more favour-
able opportunities occurred. An occasional visit from the
nuncio, a bishop here and there, as often non-resident as
resident, an arch priest, and a vicar general in this or that
diocese, were more effectual instruments for preserving
and propagating the ancient faith, than a full blown
ecclesiastical hierarchy, whose cathedrals were occupied
by the nominees of Queen Elizabeth, and against whose
persons the shafts of authority fell with an effect which
priests of humbler rank and pretensions easily escaped.
The ill success attending these efforts whenever they
were made must have convinced the Pope of their in-
INTRODUCTION. Ji
utility. Of all quarters in Ireland where a papal nominee
might have retained his spiritual authority in defiance of
the English Deputy, Ulster was the most probable.* Here
Shane O'Neill, proud of his ancestry, insolent from the
number and turbulence of his followers, claimed absolute
sovereignty, and threatened death and devastation to any
subordinate chieftain who ventured to contest his demands,
or was known to be inclined to the English. His arrogance
had been increased by a victory gained over the English
forces in the summer of 1561. Persuaded to visit England
at the close of that year, and make his peace with the
Queen, his subtlety, his audacity, his more than Irish
readiness and extragavance, produced an impression on
that precise and sober Court. Instead of passing the rest
of his days in the Tower, as Kildare and Desmond had done
before him, he was dismissed with honor. He was suffered
to return to his native country with a testimonial to his
virtue and patriotism, t More than all, he contrived to
borrow 300 J. of the Queen to pay his expenses.!
As to fulfilling his part of the agreement, that was
probably the last thought in Shane's mind. He flourished
his certificate in the face of his enemies in Dublin, and
then started off for Tyrone, to pursue precisely the same
career he had done before. The next August he carried
off from O'Donnell 20,000 head of cattle. When the
* " The North part of our realm " (says Elizabeth in her instructions to
Sussex, May 1560) "hath been long time out of good and quiet order, by
" reason partly of the multiplication of the Scots under the rule of James
** O'Connell and his brother Sorleboy, and partly by the disorder of Shane
" O'Neill, the earl of Tyrone's son, and such like." Carew Cal. I. 292.
f His articles of agreement with the Queen (April 30, 1562,) will be
be found in the Carew Cal. I. 312; among them he engages to send to
Dublin all the captains within his territory, in order to recognize the
Queen's authority.
I Hamilton's Calendar, I. 193, 194.
d 2
Ill INTRODUCTION.
Deputy summoned him to Dublin he refused to obey,
until the evil done to his people during his absence in
England had been redressed.* He was too subtle to be
caught by fraud, too powerful to be crushed by force.
Worse than all, he had contrived to make terms with
Argyle and the Scots, and he corresponded with the
enemies of England. Every day he was becoming more
dangerous. The Northern chiefs were forsaking their
duty, and adhering to this formidable chief. The moment
he saw that the Deputy was in earnest, and was
collecting forces to] reduce his country, he anticipated
vengeance by the humblest submission to the Queen, and
the strongest professions of sorrow. So matters continued
until the appointment of Sir Henry Sydney as Deputy,
in 1565, O'Neill increasing in power, wealth, and audacity.
" He is the only strong and rich man in Ireland," writes
the new Deputy ;f " he boasts that he never made peace
" with the Queen but by her own seeking; that the
" countries he has won with the sword he will keep with
" the sword." At this time he was able to bring into
the field 1,000 horse and 4,000 foot. He was now in
correspondence with Charles IX. of France, desiring that
five or six thousand men should be sent to his aid, pro-
posing to become his subject, $ and offering to expel the
English from Ireland. But his caution and good fortune
forsook him. In July 1566 he invaded the English Pale,
assaulted Dundalk, and met with a repulse. Won over
* He had put away O'DonnelJ's wife, whom he had taken prisoner, and
now proposed to many James McDonnell's wife, " base sister to the Earl
of Argyle." Hamilton's Calendar, I. 296.
f Hamilton, I. 289.
* Hamilton, I. 298. April 5, 1566. In a letter of the same date to the
Cardinal of Lorraine, he enforces a similar request, urging his defence
of the Romish faith. Hamilton, ibid. p. 299 ; see also p. 326.
INTRODUCTION. Jiii
by English gold, or disgusted at his arrogance, his Scotch
allies turned against him, and he was shortly afterwards
assassinated in a fray, the particulars of which are not
very well known.*
Here then, if anywhere, it might have heen supposed that
the papal authority would have been respected, and that
bishops appointed by papal nomination would have exercised
their functions without molestation. What are the facts ?
The bishopric of Down was held by a papal nominee, but
that nominee was Shane O'Neill's brother, f and the Pope
had no option in the matter. Creaghe, the papal claimant
of the primacy, was supported by the authority of Rome.
He carried letters from the Pope to O'Neill ; but O'Neill
wanted the appointment for his foster-brother, Terence
Daniel, Dean, of Armagh, and the papal injunction was set
aside. J The history of this" titular primate is told in his
own confessions, for most of his life was spent in the
Tower, and it furnishes a curious illustration of the eccle-
siastical proceedings of the period, and of the precarious
condition of those who ventured to maintain the papal
authority in Ireland. He had been a schoolmaster in the
diocese of Limerick, when he attracted the attention of the
papal nuncio, David "Wolfe, a Jesuit. The nuncio sent
for Creaghe, and finding he was a man of some learning,
required him to go to Rome, and take upon him the
archbishopric of Cashel or of Armagh. His expenses were
* June 2d. See Fitzwilliam's letter to Cecil. June 10, 1567.
Hamilton, 335.
| Meyler Magrath, Bishop of Down, submitted after the fall of O'Neill
in 1567. See the Queen's letter to the Deputy, July 6, 1567. Her letter
seems to intimate that there were other bishops in Ulster who did not
hold their bishoprics of the Queen. Hamilton, I. 341.
J Hamilton, I. 253.
4 *
liv INTRODUCTION.
defrayed by Wolfe and the Bishop of Limerick.* He
escaped from the Tower, where he was confined, in 1665 ;
rejoined O'Neill ; is found corresponding with the Lord
Deputy Sydney, explaining O'Neill's conduct in burning
the cathedral of Armagh, and wishing to know whether
they are to be allowed their old service in the churches ;
a clear intimation that even in Ulster the Romanist services
had been discontinued.! He was re-captured shortly
after, on April 30th, 1567 ; was sent back to the Tower ;
was there in December, and so remained until July 1569 ;
returned to Dublin ; was again sent to England in 1575 ;
was still there in March 1580, when he was brought before
the Council for corresponding with papists and the TTing
of Portugal. J
No happier fortune attended Maurice Reagh, the titular
Archbishop of Cashel. He either stole away into Spain in
1568, or was conveyed thither by James FitzMaurice to
hatch treason against this country with the titular Bishop
of Ross. There he continued until 1574, watching the
preparations of Philip II., and expecting, like many others,
to return to fortune and to honour when Providence should
have blessed the efforts of the Spanish monarch, and
gratified his ambition by the conquest of Ireland. Beyond
* Hamilton, L 255.
t Ibid., 325.
J Lemon's CaL, I. 646.
Hamilton's Cal., L 394, 401, 443, 446, and n. 33. In noticing
Maurice M'Gibbon's, that is Reagh's, appointment to Cashel, the Rev.
Alfred Lee has quoted a passage from the Loftns MS. in Marsh's library,
under the year 1567. " This year complaint was made to the State at
" Dublin, how Maurice Reiagh, an Irishman, has lately been at Rome,
" and there consecrated by the Pope's bull archbishop of Cashel, arrived
" in Ireland, and made challenge to the same see ; which being denied
" unto him by the archbishop which was there placed by her Majesty, the
' said pretended bishop suddenly with an Irish skein wounded the bishop,
INTRODUCTION. lv
these and a few other scanty facts, nothing is heard of
any Romish titular bishop in Ireland, not even of their
names, during the earlier years of Elizabeth. It is clear,
therefore, that the Government of this country could never
have acknowledged these prelates or their jurisdiction.
That was impossible, not merely on account of the oppo-
sition made by them to the Queen's supremacy in eccle-
siastical matters, but because, during the whole reign of
Elizabeth, such was the unhappy position of all those who
submitted to the Pope's spiritual authority, that they
could not escape obeying his commands as a temporal
sovereign; Their allegiance to the Pope bound them to be
disloyal to England ; to invalidate, to oppose, to under-
mine, by open rebellion or secret intrigue, a power inex-
tricably linked with the ascendancy of the Protestant
u and put him in danger of his life." (Irish Episcopal Succession, p. 15.)
In a letter from Lancaster, archbishop of Armagh, to Cecil (dated
2 Nov. 1568), we have the following notice of the same man: "For
" Connowght, it seemeth it is quiet, for my Lord of Clanrecard is here with
" my I/ord, and sheweth himself a good subject. Many complaints there is
" of the poor people for wrongs done unto them, which my Lord taketh
' great care to redress. Also one Morish Rioghe McGebbon (who came from
" the Pope) hath taken the Archbishop of Casshell traitorously out of his
" own house and carried into Spain, as some say, and he intends to supply his
" place at Casshell. For my part I durst not go to Armach for fear of the
" like ; yet, notwithstanding, somewhat is done towards the church, for there
" is a roof cut for the chancel with shingles and all that appertaineth, but as
" yet not brought home, and all is by the means of that wicked man Tyrlo
" Lenoch and his followers ; yet now that my good Lord is come unto us, I
" trust in God in the beginning of this next year things shall be brought to
" pass and take place to the glory of God, the honor of the Prince, and the
" profit of the country. The Parliament here beginneth the 1 7th of January.
44 God grant it good successes and bring it to a good and fortunate end.
" Amen. I will not declare unto your Honour my poor state to I come
" myself, but, if it had pleased God and the Queen's Majesty, I would I were
" again waiting of Her Highness in her closet, with fasting two days a
" week. And thus I humbly take my leave of your Honour for this time,
'* and as I shall learn further I will certify you."
hi INTRODUCTION.
religion, and inexorably opposed to all those claims of the
papal supremacy which they had obliged themselves to
maintain. There was at that time no other choice
for those who sought their orders and their episcopacy
from Rome, than Protestantism with loyalty, or Romanism
with disloyalty. The English Government considered one
as a sign of the other ; and the numerous plots in whicli
those of the clergy and laity engaged, who were foremost
in maintaining the Roman Catholic faith, justified the
policy adopted by the Government.
The ill fortune and death of Shane O'Neill made the
Queen's authority paramount for a time in Ulster. Already
the chiefs who dreaded O'Neill's arrogance and lawlessness
had gladly made terms with the English Deputy, partly
out of gratitude for the protection they had received,
partly out of a desire to secure themselves from O'Neill's
partisans. In October 1566, Calough O'Donnell sur-
rendered all his rights to the Queen, granting her the
nomination to all bishoprics in his country.* His example
was followed by O'Connor Sligof and by other chiefs of
inferior note. J As the Queen's influence gained ascendancy
in Scotland, in consequence of the mismanagement and un-
popularity of Mary, the Scotch were less ready to assist
O'Neill. The Queen of Scots, writes Cecil to the Lord De-
puty, in February 1567, " is an unfortunate widow, and has
" prohibited her subjects from passing into Ireland."
The hopes of the English Government were elated by the
fall of its most formidable enemy. It began to entertain
projects for securing its success, by planting Ulster with
Englishmen and refugee Protestants from Flanders. The
* Carew, I. 373.
t Ibid., 375.
f Hamilton, I. 339.
Ibid., I. 327
INTRODUCTION. Ivii
natives were to be freed from the inordinate tyranny of their
Irish captains, and be taught to taste the sweets of civil
order. Halcyon days were in store for Ireland, when the
sword should be replaced by the ensigns of peace, and the
imperial exchequer be no longer burthened by a heavy war
establishment.*
But the storm had only rolled away for a time, to burst
forth with renewed violence elsewhere. It was impossible
for rebellion to spring up in any one quarter of
Ireland without exciting the sympathies and even the
secret co-operation of the disaffected in other directions ;
so it proved now. A feud had long raged between the
Ormonds and the Desmonds, in the south-west. The
Ormonds, allied by blood to Queen Elizabeth on the
mother's side, had always espoused the cause of the English.
Por both reasons they were regarded favorably by the
Queen, and for both were hated by the Desmonds. To be
a retainer of the Butlers, or even one of their neighbours,
was reason sufficient to provoke the resentment of their
rivals. In the interminable feuds which necessarily sprung
up between the two powerful and contiguous septs, the
neutral and indifferent spectators, if any such there were,
suffered equally with, if not more than, the most violent
partisans. It was the sole consideration on each side, who
could inflict the greatest amount of suffering and injury
on the other. Blood could only be wiped out by
blood; and, horrible to relate, in his mistaken thirst
for vengeance, the sex or age of his victims, their guilt
or their innocence, mattered little to the spoiler. The Irish
arc a generous people ; but in these wars of rival clans
nothing else was developed except thoughtless and indis-
criminating ferocity. If ever human nature realized in
* Hamilton, I., 336, 338, 340.
Iviii INTRODUCTION.
its most dreadful and literal interpretation that expression
of being "drunk with the blood of the slain," when
reason, reflection, and compassion were all dethroned by
one masterless passion of the hour, that strange and
awful phenomenon was verified in these Irish wars.* If any
Englishman imagines that these excesses were occasioned
by the conquest of Ireland, that the disorders and oppres-
sions he is so apt to deplore were due to the stern and
unjust rule of his forefathers, let him ponder over the
following extract. There would be no difficulty in multi-
plying evidence of a similar kind. History has often been
unjust to the conquerors as well as to the conquered ; it
is never more unjust than when it represents the suffer-
ings of Ireland as arising exclusively from the methods
adopted by this country to bring it to a sense of order and
good government.
" As touching the estate of the whole country, for so much as I
saw of it, having travelled from Youghall to Cork, from Cork to
Kinsale, and from thence to the uttermost bounds of it towards
Limerick, like as I never was in a more pleasant country in all my
life, so never saw I a more waste and desolate land, no not in the
conBnes of other countries where actual war hath continually been
kept by the greatest princes of Christendom ; and there heard I such
lamentable cries and doleful complaints made by that small remain
of poor people which yet are left, who (hardly escaping the fury of
the sword and fire of their outrageous neighbours, or the famine
which the same, or their extortious lords, hath driven them unto,
either by taking their goods from them or by spending the same, by
their extort taking of coyne and livery) make demonstration of the
miserable estate of that country. Besides this, such horrible and
lamentable spectacles there are to behold as the burning of villages,
the ruin of churches, the wasting of such as have been good towns
and castles, yea, the view of the bones and sculls of yoiir dead
subjects, who, partly by murder, partly by famine, have died in the
fields, as in troth hardly any Christian with dry eyes could behold.
Sydney's letter, in Hamilton, I. 330.
INTRODUCTION. lix
.Not long before my arrival there, it was credibly reported that a
principal servant of the Earl of Desmounde,* after that he had
burnt sundry villages and destroyed a great piece of a country, there
were certain poor women sought to have been rescued, but too late,
yet so soon after the horrible fact committed as their children were
felt and seen to stir in the bodies of their dead mothers ; and yet
did the same Earl lodge and banquet in the house of the same
murderer, his servant, after the fact committed. Surely there was
never people that lived in more misery than they do, nor as it
should seem of worse minds, for matrimony amongst them is no
more regarded in effect than conjunction between unreasonable
beasts ; perjury, robbery, and murder, counted allowable. Finally,
I cannot find that they make any conscience of sin, and doubtless
I doubt whether they christen their children or no, for neither find
I place where it should be done, nor any person able to instruct
them in the rules of a Christian, or if they were taught I see no
grace in them to follow it, and when they die I cannot see they
make any account of the world to come." f
These excesses, added to the suspicion that Desmond
had abetted Shane O'Neill in his rebellion, induced the
government to detain him until he could clear himself of
the charges hrought against him. He was committed to
Duhlin Castle in June 1567 ; sent thence to London with
his brother John of Desmond; thrown into the Tower,
where hoth remained until they were joined by the
Countess ; all exposed alike to the greatest privations not
having so much of their own as to buy them a pair of
shoes, in the words of Sir Warhame Sentleger,J to whose
keeping they had been entrusted in the latter months of
their captivity. They were all set at liberty in 1573.
Meanwhile Desmond's cousin, Sir James EitzMauriee, who
had been appointed guardian of the Earl's estates during
his absence, unfurled the flag of rebellion, either secretly
* This is no official exaggeration, as might be supposed, even in Ulster,
f Sir Henry Sydney to Queen Elizabeth, April 20, 1567, in I. S. P.
J Hamilton, I. 434, 450.
Ix INTRODUCTION.
prompted by the Earl or urged on by his own ambition.
The times were favorable to his purpose. The trade of
the Spaniards was chiefly confined to the western parts of
Munster. It was easy ;to carry on a clandestine corre-
spondence with Philip II. and the Pope under the innocent
disguise of commerce. The Scots in the North, ever ready
to sell their services to any rebellious chief, flocked to his
standard. The titular bishops, the friars, and other ad-
herents of the Romish faith, lent the sanctity of religion
to the cause of rebellion. Where these motives were not
sufficient, dread of the rebels compelled the inoffensive to
become partners in their confederacy. Their savage treat-
ment of those who refused to join them, or offered the
faintest opposition, can only be compared with atrocities
happily now rare in the history of any country. The
towns of Waterford and Limerick complained to Cecil that
the traitors, not contented with spoiling the kine and the
horses, were not ashamed to strip men and women naked,
tormenting them with more cruel pains than "eyther
Phalaris or any of the old tirants could invent."*
To add to these evils, the English government, in an in-
auspicious hour, had lent its ear to an old claim, revived
by Sir Peter Carew, to large possessions in Munster. Sir
Peter, by virtue of his descent from the first Carew, who
had married the daughter of MtzStephen, the conqueror of
Ireland, laid claim to certain seignories and lands, which
had long since passed into other hands in the various
changes and troubles to which Ireland had been exposed.
The attempts of Sir Peter to revive an antiquated title
alarmed the Butlers, whose apprehensions were still further
disquieted by a project of the English government never
patient enough, so far as Ireland was concerned, to let well
* Hamilton, I. 412.
INTRODUCTION. Ixi
alone, and allow nature to take its own deliberate course
of erecting Munster into a presidency. Harmless as such
a change might he, it was enough to condemn it, in the
thoughts of the Irish, that it was a change. The dis-
affected gave out that her Majesty intended to overrun
them with a new conquest, and the unknown word of
President confirmed their fears. The Butlers joined with
their ancient enemies the FitzGeralds ; and rebellion, in
the emphatic language of Sydney, was once more " all
the realm over, except in the English Pale."*
Yet, formidable as the rebellion appeared, it proved, like
many similar risings, more formidable in appearance than
in reality. The heterogeneous materials of which it was
composed had no cohesion. It flared up for a time,
threatening incredible mischief, carrying with it devasta-
tion and destruction, and then it sunk as suddenly.f The
Butlers repented of what they had done, and offered sub-
mission. "They had been bewitched, certainly ;"J the
only sensible explanation of most Irish riots and insurrec-
tions. In atonement for their faults they were now as
ready to commit acts of fury and extravagance on the
other side. The Spanish preparations were always prepa-
rations, and nothing more. The Pope had other vineyards
of the church to look after, more promising for the time
than Ireland ; and though, on the massacre of St. Bartho-
lomew's, which seems to have been instantly known in
Ireland, the friars and Romish emissaries tramped the
country in companies of twenty or more, and held a council
Hamilton, L 411.
f One of the rebel chiefs?, Sir Piers Butler, in an attack upon the town of
Leighlin, burnt seventy houses, four young children, and killed nine men.
Hamilton, I. 416.
J Onnond to Ileneage. Hamilton, I. 433. See their submission,
Corew Cal., I. 401.
Ixii INTRODUCTION.
in the abbey of Galway on the auspicious occasion,* Fitz-
Maurice made no real progress.
Moreover, the English government, wiser in adversity
than under the transient gleam of prosperity less easily
moved in misfortune from its national phlegm and sedate-
ness now acted with a consideration and forbearance
which have ever been the real and only cause of its suc-
cesses in Ireland. It made an arrangement with the
Desmonds, and allowed them to return to Ireland; it
overlooked the treasonable proclivities of others, accepted
the submission in 1573 of the archtraitor FitzMaurice, and
the rebellion was over. The hot-headed members of the
Irish Council thought such moderation an ignominious
ending, and said that the Irish gained their wills by
rebellion.f
But when the English government seemed to concede
most, it receded least from its fixed purposes. The libera-
tion of the Desmonds, and their return to Ireland, were
not disadvantageous to the progress of English authority,
especially in Munster, regarded no more than as a stroke of
policy. I do not know whether the ministers of Elizabeth
are to be charged with aiming at no higher object than that
of ruling Ireland by balancing one chief against another,
but it is certain that the national feuds and jealousies
which were sure to spring up without any adventitious
encouragement among the native Irish or their Anglo-
Irish leaders tended much more to their subjection than
any power that England could bring into the field against
them. Disunion had paved an easy way to conquest in
the first instance; disunion completed and sustained it.
Disunion, the necessary consequence of their moral and
* Hamilton, I. 490.
f The Deputy to the Queen. April 7, 1573. Hamilton, I., 499.
INTRODUCTION. Ixiii
social evils, split into feebleness their most compact and
powerful opposition. Again and again the big wave reared
itself, threatening to overwhelm the tiny raft for it was
no more and expended its fury in froth and foam, as inco-
herent and as purposeless as that. Such blind and desultory
efforts, however prompted by fury, only exhausted the real
pith of opposition, and left the authority of England more
vigorous and resolute than ever. The fiery energy of the
Irish, with vast odds on its side, was no match for the cool
and deliberate pertinacity of the Englishman especially
the Englishman of that period still less for that persever-
ance which nothing could daunt or fatigue. The result
could be no other than it was than it would be if the
same course had to begin again. The conquest of Ireland
was the triumph of order, of industry, of good govern-
ment, of social progress, of civilization, of national union.
These are lessons not to be learned by any people without
the severe discipline of stripes and blood still less by a
people whose whole habits of life and strongest inclinations,
I am speaking only of Tudor times, were most opposed
to such lessons ; yet they must be learned by all nations, by
gentle means or by stern. They are the only justification,
as they are the only permanent safeguard, of conquest.
And if any one imagines that in the sixteenth century our
sole aim and object of governing Ireland was to keep it
under at any hazard, simply out of the love of superiority,
or of some equally selfish motive, he has read its history to
little purpose. It must be obvious to any careful observer
that the opposition of Ireland was not merely, nor yet so
much, to English rule in itself, as to those institutions for
the maintenance of justice, religion, order, and good
government which that rule brought with it. If Irish-
men hated the president of Minister because he was an
Englishman, they hated him more because his presence
Ixiv INTRODUCTION.
was a guarantee for justice, a protection against oppres-
sions, a security for person and for property, which could
no longer be trampled down by hot-headed chiefs in their
rabid appetite for revenge, or by their idle retainers and
galloglasses, who found plunder and violence more profit-
able and more honorable than steady industry. If they
banded their forces to drive out the sheriff, it was not
because he was an Englishman, or his presence a badge of
oppression, but because they hated to see the land divided
into shires, and that order introduced among them, which
they had so often confounded, and reckoned it was their
interest as it was certainly their pleasure to confound.
So the conquest of Ireland was not merely the conquest
of the land, but the conquest of the habits, inclinations,
and usages of the people. It was a conquest of reason over
unreason, of order over disorder, of temperate restraint
over unraliness and self-will, long habituated to recognize
no control, to run into ruinous and suicidal extravagance.
This was the real difficulty of the English task ; this the
reason why, in its apparent prosperity, it appeared to re-
coil and make such little progress. This is the true reason
why Deputies and Lords Justices despaired, and were often
driven to their wits' ends. They might plant and water,
but it seemed to them as if God would never give the in-
crease ; as if all efforts to win over the Irish to the cause
of justice, order, and civil life were utterly hopeless.
One thing, however, was abundantly clear, that it must
be done, and done at any cost. And though men's notions
of duty and discipline were more stern and severe then than
they are now, and disobedience and disorder appeared to
them less deserving of indulgence, if regular government,
if protection of life and property, if equal laws, if organ-
ization of industry, without which no people can command
respect or keep rank among the nations, if all of these are
INTRODUCTION. 1XV
blessings, and worth many sacrifices, it must be'remembered
that Ireland owes them to what is often called the severi-
ties of the Tudors. Without that unflinching resolution
of theirs to make no difference between England and Ire-
land, to treat loyal Irishmen as loyal Englishmen, to punish
the treason and disorders of both with the same unsparing
rigour, Ireland would have remained to this day the chosen
land of endless feuds, of ever increasing crime, of poverty,
oppression, and disorder; a waste, a barren wilderness of
restless passions, open and defenceless to the strong hand
of the spoiler. For, to suppose that these evils would have
cured themselves, or that they ever showed any tendency
to cure themselves when let alone, is contrary to the
whole course of history. So thought Englishmen in those
days, and acted according to their convictions. Let
those condemn whose wisdom has been tested by equal
difficulties.
By the year 1573 the government of Elizabeth had made
so much progress in reducing Ireland to obedience, that it
could proceed to erect a presidency in Munster, and lend
a favorable ear to the settlement of an English colony
by Essex in the north parts of Ulster.* The conditions
which he offered to the Queen for this privilege, the manors
he parted with in England, the settlers who were willing
to leave their native counties and take part in the enter-
prise, are an evidence that whatever might have been the
case ten years before, the wildest and least reclaimed parts
of Ireland had ceased to be regarded with terror by the
English. The ill-success of his enterprise is no more than
might have been expected. The causes of it may be seen
in his own account of his disasters.f Whatever courage
* Carew, I. 439 sq.
| Ibid., 44J.
5 O
INTRODUCTION.
and spirit could accomplish was not wanting; but no
courage could supply defects caused by an inconsiderate
attempt at colonization by men who had made no adequate
provision for their wants, who had never anticipated that
their attempt would be regarded with unmitigated hostility
by all the Irish of the neighbourhood, and even by those
who might have been otherwise friendly to the English
government, and that the supplies which they had failed to
secure in England would of a certainty be withheld from
them by the native Irish.* Essex, moreover, had enemies at
* Ham. 1. 530. The following sensible letter, addressed by Thomas Wils-
ford to Burghley, points out the real causes of failure : " My humble duty
remembered, may it please your good Lordship I thought it my duty to trouble
you with these few lines ; not that I mind to make any discourse of my Lord's
proceedings and success here, for that I know your Lordship is sufficiently
by his honour's letters advertised ; only I mind to touch three points. First,
I find this nation much more enraged with the fury of desperation than ever I
have done heretofore, and that I gather doth come for that they suppose that
this wars (sic) is taken in hand by her Majesty's subjects and not by herself,
which is proved for that they all are desirous to write or send their mes-
sengers to her Majesty, for they are in despair to farm any part of the lands.
Secondly, they affirm they are no rebels, for that they say it is not the
Queen's wars, and that they do but defend their own lands and goods.
Thirdly, I find such imperfections in our countrymen that through long
peace had in England, they have lost the minds of soldiers, and are become
weak in body to endure the travail, and miserable in mind to sustain the
force of the enemy ; and this, no question, doth grow of the fat delicate
soil and long peace had in England ; and therefore, nothing more necessary
for a prince, that mindeth to keep his countries and dominions than some
exercise of wars. This nation begin to know their own force and strength,
and have learned the use and sorts of weapon[s], their places of strengths
and advantages, and therefore high time to expulse this rebellious nation,
for fear of utter ruin of the whole ; and yet I think this North parts is the
quietest place of Ireland. My Lord, it is not a subject's purse and coun-
tenance must do this ; it must her Majesty only. The reformation of this
countries is in effect the reformation of all Ireland. The Ardes is the
place which her Majesty must begin withal to plant and store, and that
will be the bawne and nursery to subdue all the North. It were the
greatest pity in the world that so noble and worthy a man as this Earl is
should consume himself in this enterprise, which by her Majesty's coun-
INTRODUCTION. Ixvii
home, who were not sorry to see his enterprise languish ;
and the Queen herself, too much inclined to he parsimonious,
whilst enforcing her part of the hargain, was not, until it
was too late, much inclined to vex herself if it proved a dear
one to Essex. The letter which she addressed him, when,
heart-hroken and dispirited, he had ventured to lay his
griefs hefore her, is so characteristic of the Queen and her
times, that I cannot refuse to submit an extract from it to
my readers.
" The humble and most dutiful manner of writing used
in your two last letters, by the which, spoiling yourself altogetl er of
your own affections, you do wholly yield and submit yourself to our
will and pleasure, did not a little content us, whereby we perceive,
after that the late exercise you have had of patience sithence your
employment in that our realm [of Ireland], through a most toilful
struggling with sundry cross and overthwart accidents, you have
now at the length attained, to your great and singular commend-
ation, a perfect conquest over such passions as heretofore bare some
rule with you, and would hardly be restrained within the limits of
true temperance, wherewith as you know, cousin, we have heretofore
been somewhat acquainted. And though, perhaps, you may think
that it hath been a dear conquest unto you in respect of the great care
of mind, toil of body, and the intolerable charges you have sus-
tained, to the consumption of some good portion of your patrimony,
yet if the great reputation that you have gained thereby be weighed
in the balance of just value, or tried at the touchstone of true desert,
it shall then appear that neither your mind's care, your body's toil,
tenance, and no great charges, would be so easily brought to pass. I know
and perceive he shooteth not at the gain and revenue of the matter, but
rather for the honour and credit of the cause. Well, if her Majesty did
know his noble and honorable intent, having a body and mind invincible to
endure all miseries and extremities, so well as we do know him, surely she
would not suffer him to quail for half her kingdom of Ireland. I know he
will go through with this enterprise, if it cost him his whole earldom. Thus,
craving pardon for my bold discourse, being moved in duty towards her
Majesty to impart this to your Lordship, I humbly take my leave, desiring
God long to prosper your health with much honour. Knockfergus, the
1st of December." I. S. P. Eliz. xliii.
e 2
INTRODUCTION.
not purse's charge was unprofitably employed, for, by the decay of
those things that are subject to corruption and mortality, you have,
as it were, invested yourself with immortal renown, the true mark
that every honorable mind ought to shoot at. And though you
are to reap the chiefest fruit thereof, yet, next yourself, be you right
well assured that we will give place to no other creature or second
person living, by yielding that they can take like joy or comfort
therein as we do. Now to come to your question, by the which
you desire to know whether we think that your demands made
unto us were grounded upon the respect of your own benefit or our
service, you shall, for answer thereof, understand that we conceive
for both, interpreting, as we do, the word benefit not to import
that servile gain that base minded men hunt after, but a desire to
live in action, and to make proof of your virtue, and, being made of
the metal you are, not unprofitably, or rather reproachfully, to fester
in the delights of English Egypt, where the most part of those that
are bred in that soil take greatest delight in holding their noses
over the beef pots. And thus much touching your question/'*
But whatever misfortune might attend on the private
enterprise of Essex or of similar adventurers, the authority
of the English Government made slow but unfailing pro-
gress. Under the active and vigorous administration of
Sir John Perrot, Munster was fast settling down into the
condition of an orderly and well-regulated province. Sir
John was a bluff soldier, whose policy was centred in one
idea, the necessity of obedience. Prom that policy he
never swerved, let the consequence be what it might ; and
as he never failed to carry out this idea with the precision of
a soldier, and the determination which marked his character,
rebellion seldom ventured to raise its head in Munster
during his government with impunity. But even here we
meet with one of those incidents which remind us of the
days of romance rather than the sober and preciser era of
the sixteenth century. This was no less than a challenge
* The Queen to Essex, 2 Sept. 1575; Carew MS., 628, f. 234, and
Domestic State Papers, xlv. 82.
INTRODUCTION. Ixix
on the part of Perrot to meet Desmond with twenty-four
associates on each side, and determine the war by single
combat. The letter which Perrot wrote on this occasion
to the Earl of Ormond takes us back to the days of the
tilt-yard.
" My very good Lord, seeing that it is concluded that the
long brabling between me and James shall be ended by combat,
that is to say, 12 horsemen to 12, and likewise 12 footmen to 12,
with indifferent armour and weapon, of the which I must one and
he the other, which must be fought on Thursday next, either at a
place called Eiaely, or else by Knockloughy, I have thought good to
let your Lordship know thereof, heartily praying your Lordship
that your brother Edward Butler, with all your force of the chiefest
horsemen, galloglass, and shot, be here with me on Thursday next.
Because that I have here but one band of footmen, and that I dare
not trust such others of the countries so well as I put my trust in
you and yours, I pray you spare your horse, if you can, and I will
send him again if he live, or else your own asking for him at your
pleasure. I trust very shortly to make end of this war, and to
overthrow the rest of these Geraldines, which do so much annoy her
Majesty's subjects. My Lord, I have promised that there shall be
no hurt done unto him by any of your Lord's men, until such time
as the day be past, and [I] have promised him peace, that no man
shall hurt him, nor none of his, till this matter be tried. And so
he likewise hath promised to do the like unto all her Majesty's
subjects. So desiring your Lordship to wish well to your friend
in this attempt, I bid you most heartily farewell.
"From Kilmallocke, this 18th of November 1571."*
* I. S. P., Vol. 34, No. 29. No wonder that more moderate Irishmen
regarded this extraordinary encounter with some alarm. Upon enclosing
this letter to Cecil, Ormond writes as follows : -
" My vei'y good Lord, I do send here enclosed a copy of my Lord
" President's letter, written upon sight thereof (which maketh me almost
" at my wit's end), but knowing no better remedy both for the honour of
" the Queen's Majesty and safety of the poor number ot soldiers there,
" lest the traitor should have his will of them, being far greater in
" number than they, I think it good to resort thither forthwith with
" such force as I have now on the sudden. The manner of the President's
" dealing herein is strange to me. I will stay his Lordship (if J can by
5 *
Ixx INTRODUCTION.
At the close of the year 1575, Sir Henry Sydney was
re-appointed to the government of Ireland. He had suc-
ceeded the Earl of Sussex as Deputy in 1565, and held the
office for two years, when he returned to England. Sir Wm.
FitzWilliams became Deputy in 1570, and upon his resig-
nation, in the autumn of 1575, Sydney accepted the vacant
post. No one was better fitted, by past experience, and by
temporary absence from the scene of his former labours, to
form an accurate judgment of the condition of Ireland. No
one was better able to ascertain whether, during those few
years, Ireland had improved or not under English rule.
He was not likely, either from temper or from circum-
stances, to be misled, or to form too flattering an estimate of
its condition. What Deputy, however honest and impartial,
was prone to over-rate the labours of his predecessor, or
to find the Ireland of reality equal to the Ireland of his
imagination ? Not long after Sydney's arrival, he took an
opportunity of visiting the whole of Ireland, beginning
with the north and ending with the north-western
provinces. The account left us of his visitation furnishes
the most authentic and correct information by far of the
" any means) from this attempt, and will with all my heart join with him
" myself and my company, to fight against the traitor and his whole
" company, rather than he should so barely hazard himself with so few.
*' I intend, God willing, to be at Kilmallocke tomorrow with my Lord
" President ; and pray God it may so happen as we may go to it of all
" hands against the traitors and their force, upon such ground as may be
** meet for us to encounter them. What shall pass hereafter I will, God
" willing, advertise to your Lordship, and pray God I may send you such
" news as yourself would be most glad to receive touching these matters.
" God send your Lordship all good hap, and us a good hour against
" these villains.
" From Cashell, this 20th of November 1571.
" My brother Edward is on my Lord President's side, if this combat go
" forward. Mr. Justice Pluncket desired me to let you know that this day
" Walter Fitz John Bourke is condemned for treason." I. S. P. ibid.
INTRODUCTION. Ixxi
state of the country after it had continued seventeen years
under the rule of Elizabeth, and is substantially as
follows.*
Starting from the Pale, he travelled towards Knock-
fergus (Carrickfergus) on the 5th of October 1575, accom-
panied with. 400 foot and 200 horse. Passing from Drog-
heda to Dundalk, and thence to the Newry, he found the
whole country in policy and good order ; the land was well
" manured ;" the towns had improved in beauty and build-
ing, and were well planted with inhabitants. O'Hanlon's
country, next to the Newry, and the Pews on the east of it,
were in extreme disorder, partly from "the intolerable
" annoyances and spoils of their neighbours in both
" borders, as well English as Irish," partly from the non-
residence of those to whom the lands had been granted.
The country of Magennis, though now independent of
O'Neill, was still suffering from former disorders. Thence
to Kinnaliarty, desolate and waste, full of thieves and out-
laws, none of the former owners caring to occupy the land,
as it had been conferred by the Queen on Capt. Nicholas
Malby. Dufferin was wasted, but Lecale was greatly
improved since the arrival of Essex. Ardes (Armagh) the
same ; " for there are many freeholders of English race, of
" ancient habitation there." Crossing the water at Belfast,
his passage was opposed by an Irishman named McNeill
Brian Ertaugh. Clandeboy was wholly uninhabited;
Knockfergus much decayed and impoverished ; no ploughs
were going where many were going before ; churches and
houses had been burnt, the inhabitants had fled, and not
more than six remained ; " yet they so comforted to hear of
" her Majesty's gracious disposition to wall their town,
* The abstract of these letters will be found in Carew Cal. II. 30 sq.,
and at full length in Collins, I. 75 sq.
Ixxii INTRODUCTION.
".whereby they assure themselves of safety and quiet
" dwelling hereafter, as that hope hath and doth procure
" and draw divers to resort and huild there." The Glynnes
(on the west coast of Antrim), held by the Scots under Sorley
Boy, was full of corn and cattle. Kilultagh he found rich
and plentiful, but the captain of it insolent. All Dun-
gannon was wasted. The cathedral of Armagh was in ruins,
and the town miserable. Here he had an interview with
O'Neill and his wife, both of whom were desirous of living
like good subjects, and were anxious to receive a patent
of nobility from the Queen.
Turning to the English Pale, Louth was much im-
poverished by the continual concourse of soldiers passing
to and from the North ; Carlingford, Dundalk, and Ardee
no better ; Drogheda was improved by the great expenses
of the Earl of Essex ; the rest of the country in a state of
recovery, for the gentlemen were " willing to obey, and
" forward to serve." Meath had been " cursedlye scorched
" on the outside," by the incursions of the O'Connors and
O'Molloys ; was not yet recovered, but in a good way to
be, and a great deal the better for " the good neighbour-
" hood and just dealing" of O'Reilly in Connaught.
Sydney commends him " as the greatest Irishman," and
his country as the best ruled by any Irishman in all Ire-
land. The border baronies of West Meath had been
sorely spoiled and wasted by the rebels, but the Deputy
was in good hope of their reformation, especially through
the exertions of the Baron of Delvin. Annaly or Long-
ford was in better wealth and order since it had been made
shire ground than it was before. The county of Kildare
was greatly impoverished, partly by thieves, partly by the
disorders of the O'Mores ; " and in one barony of the said
" county, called Carbery, it was constantly affirmed unto
" me by old Henry Cowley, with tears in his eyes, that
INTRODUCTION. Ixxiii
" that barony was 3,OOOZ. in worse case than it was the
" last time before I was there with him." Carlow was more
than half wasted, for the same reason ; Wexford in the
same condition, mainly through the dissensions of English
captains. The Irish counties of the O'Tooles and O'Birnes,
in the east of Leinster, are commended for their good
order. The same remark applies to Perns. King's
County was spoiled and wasted by the decay of the Eng-
lish tenants, and the great increase of the native inha-
bitants. They were defended by an English garrison of 200
men, but the charges far exceeded the revenues. In
Queen's County, Rorie Oge occupied what portion he
liked, and wasted it at his pleasure. Whilst the Deputy
was at Maryborough, the Earl of Clanricarde came, and
very humbly offered his services. Upper Ossory was now
well governed under the new baron, who was contented to
have it made shire-land. " The last of this province in
" this my account is the county of Kilkenny, which I find
" in very bad case, yet by many due circumstances proved
" to be the sink and receptacle of innumerable cattle and
" goods stolen out of many other countries ; but undone
" by their own idle men, and partly by harbouring of
" protected rebels, which yet was done by order and for
" the avoidance of a greater or at least a more present
" mischief." Here Ilory Oge, the cause of much of this
disorder, appeared, and promised amendment.
In a subsequent letter Sydney continues his narrative.
Leaving Waterford, of which he speaks in terms of great
satisfaction, he slept at Corraghmore, and found the whole
country in excellent order, which he attributes chiefly to
the suppression of coyne and lyvery. " And albeit the soil,
" for the most part, of itself is very barren, yet is there not
" any gentleman or freeholder in that country but may
" make more of an acre of land there than they have of
INTRODUCTION.
" three in the county of Kilkenny. The next country of
" the Decies (near Dungarvan) belonged to Sir James
" FitzGerald, four times as large as the former, full of idle
" vagabonds. The lord of it was a spendthrift, and his
" land so spoiled and wasted that it did not afford competent
" food for a mean family." Thence to Dungarvan Castle,
much decayed by the rebellion of James PitzMaurice.
Here he was met by the Earl of Desmond. Leaving Dun-
garvan, the Deputy proceeded to Cork, where he was
received with every demonstration of respect, and remained
six weeks. " The good estate and flourishing of that city
" well approveth the good effects of resident authority
" amongst them, for it is so amended, as in so few years
" I have seldom seen any town; and out of doubt if
" ministration of justice be continued, it will daily mul-
" tiply in people and amplifiy in building." Here he
was met by a large company of the Irish nobility and
others, and many of the ruined relics of the ancient English
inhabitants, as the Arundels, the Rochfords, the Barretts,
the Flemings, and others, whose ancestors did once live
like gentlemen, but now are in all misery, oppressed or
banished from their own. Many widow ladies were there
who had been wives to earls and others of note. All of
those then present were anxious to do homage, and hold
their lands of her Majesty.*
Leaving Cork he entered the county of Limerick, and
lodged at Kilmallock, "lamentably spoiled and burned
" by that vile traitor and rebel James FitzMorris; but
" so speedily again re-edified, as surely it is not almost
* Sir Henry had forgotten to state that whilst he was in the neighbour-
hood of Cork he hail visited Kinsale, and thought it had suffered much in
the late rebellion, " yet through the continuance of justice and English
" government near them it held its own well enough, and was on the
" mending hand, the people honest and obedient." Collins, ib. I. 102.
INTRODUCTION. Ixxv
" to be credited, but by the constant report of them that
" knew it and saw it then, and now have perused and
" seen it again; for where there was not one roof nor
" floor left unburned, few or no houses, within the wall,
" are now uncovered ; whereby the benefit and good
" fruit of English laws and forces most sensibly is felt ;
" without which, the people confess themselves they
" would for ever have abandoned that place and sought
" some other habitation, and the like desolation become
" of that town, as may be seen by ruins of many other
" within this land, whom Irish rebels have suppressed,
" and English forces and government failing, were never
" since restored."
Thence to the city of Limerick, where he was enter-
tained with greater splendour than he had ever witnessed.
Here many of the ancient Irish and Anglo-Irish nobility
had met to receive him; "all lamenting the spoil and
waste of the country," and begging to have English laws
planted among them, and English sheriffs to see them
executed. Among those who presented themselves on
this occasion were Ulick and John Burke, sons of the
Earl of Clanricarde, " execrable evil doers," since pardoned ;
the Earl of Thomond, and two of the M'Namarras, anxious
like the rest for the establishment of English rule.
Munster was generally in a state of reformation in con-
sequence of the establishment of a President ; and the
Deputy was of opinion, that if Sir John Perrot, who had
left Ireland the year before, had continued in his
charge until Sydney's arrival, Munster would have been
found as obedient as Wales. Most of the people in
Munster were " papists, and that in the malitioust degree,
" et novarum rerwm eupidi" delighting in ravin and licen-
tious life; above all James KtzMorris, "a man subtle,
" malicious, and hardy, a papist in extremity, and well
Ixxvi INTRODUCTION.
" esteemed and of good credit among the people." Fitz-
Morris held secret intelligence with the Pope and the
Spaniard. Without some English commander had charge
of the province, such as Sir Wm. Drury, it appeared to
Sydney impossible that the people could he kept from
rebellion. He recommends the same arrangement for
Connaught.
From Limerick he advanced into Thomond (Clare),
attended by the Earl and the rest of the O'Briens, formerly
kings of Limerick. They were all at enmity with each
other. " These," he says, " are the greatest doers and
" only undoers of their own country and neighbours, yet
" so near kinsmen as they [are] descended of one grand-
" father." Among all the gentlemen and chiefs who
attended him there, he could not find one of English blood,
although that county had once belonged to the Earl of
Clare, and had formerly been held by Englishmen. The
whole district was in such a state of desolation, "as,"
says Sir Henry, in a sort of grim pleasantry, " if they were
" not a people of more spare diet than others are, both of
" flesh, bread, and drink made of corn, it were not possible
" that a soil so wasted could sustain them ; and yet many
" they are not in number."
The first night he lodged in the dissolved friary of Coyne,
the next night in the ruined see (palace or cathedral) of
Kilmakogh, next day at Galway. Here he held a court
and heard their complaints ; " wherein I found plenty of
" murder, rape, burning, and sacrilege, and besides such
" spoil of goods and cattle as in number might be counted
" infinite and in quantity unmeasurable, and indeed the
" ichole country not able to answer a quarter of that which
" was affirmed to be lost amongst them" After some
trouble he brought the dissentients to agree to hold their
lands of the Queen. Connaught he divided into its
INTRODUCTION. Ixxvii
present four counties. From Sligo lie received nothing
but letters ; at Mayo, the Clandonells and M'William
Ewghter, its most redoubtable chief, paid him their
respects. " I found M'William very sensible, though
" wanting the English tongue, yet understanding the
" Latin ; a lover of quiet and civility, desirous to hold his
" lands of the Queen, and suppress Irish extortion, and
" to expulse the Scots, who swarm in those quarters."
At Athlone the old chief did his homage to the Deputy,
and received from him the order of knighthood. He
desired to have an English sheriff in his counties, the
same as Sydney had appointed throughout the province
of Connaught. The Deputy was justly proud of this
success; for M'William was the most powerful chief in
the west, in a country the most distant and most difficult
to keep in order. There were with him at the same
instant five men of note, all Englishmen, once Lords and
Barons of Parliament, who had exchanged their English
names for Irish ; " but so base and barbarous barons are
" they now, as they five have not three hackneys to carry
" them and their train home." He found the town of
Galway greatly decayed, owing to the dissensions of
Clanricarde's sons. The citizens, much reduced in number,
had lost their wealth, and with it " their wits and hearts."
During his abode there he was constantly attended by
the Earl of Clanricarde, the Earl of Thomond, the Arch-
bishop of Tuam, the Bishops of Clonfert and Kilmakogh,
and the Baron of Athenry (Birmingham), " as poor a baron
" as liveth, and yet agreed on to be the ancientcst baron in
" this land." They all desired to hold their lands of the
Queen, as the only security against spoil and oppression.
Prom Galway he passed to Athenry, " the most woeful
" spectacle that ever I looked on in any of the Queen's
" dominions ; totally burned, college, parish church, and
" all that was there, by the Earl's sons, yet the mother of
Ixxviii INTRODUCTION.
" one of them was buried in the church." The town was
as large as Calais. Thence to Roscommon, through a
country " indifferently manured, by reason of the Earl of
" Clanricarde's force, whose friends and followers fare well,
" the rest go to wrack I" Here he was met by O'Connor
Don, whose ancestors were kings of Connaught. Between
Roscommon and Athlone, some of the richest land in Ireland,
the petty lords and gentlemen were in great distress, ha-
rassed and spoiled by the Scots. He took order among them
for the better administration of justice and the preservation
of order. He also made great intercession with the Queen to
have Essex appointed as president of Connaught; that
done, he had hopes that the wain of Ireland should bring
home its harvest within very few years, if " not to Eng-
" land's gain, yet without England's charge." Erom
Athlone Sydney returned to Dublin.
These letters were concluded by one specially addressed
to her Majesty, in which he entered upon certain details
respecting the condition of the Church in Ireland. " So
" deformed and overthrown a church there is not," he says,
" in any region where Christ is professed, and preposterous
" it seemeth to me to begin reformation of the politic part
" and to neglect the religious." Not only is the infor-
mation contained in the letter of the highest value in
enabling us to form a correct judgment on this important
subject, but it exemplifies the spirit and the feelings of
thoughtful Englishmen of those times.
After referring to his former letters, of which he has no
doubt the substance had been communicated to the Queen,
he proceeds : " Now, most dear mistress,* and most honoured
* Let these and other letters be a standing rebuke to those who, especially
of late, have decried the administration and character of Elizabeth.
" The homage done her was not born of wit,
" Wisdom admired, zeal took ambition's place." <
INTRODUCTION. Ixxix
" sovereign, I solely address [myself] to you, as to the only
" sovereign salve-giver to this your sore and sick realm.
" The lamentable estate of the most noble and principal
" limb thereof, the Church I mean, as foul, deformed,
" and cruelly crushed as any part thereof, by your only
" gracious and religious order [is] to be cured or at least
" amended." He then instances the diocese of Meath, of
which a report had been prepared by the bishop, showing,
that of 224 parish churches, 105 were impropriated and
leased out to farmers, who reaped great gain of them beyond
the rent paid to the Queen ; " no parson or vicar resident
" upon any of them, and a very simple and sorry curate
" for the most part appointed to serve them." Of the
whole number 18 only were able to speak English ; the rest
" were Irish priests, or rather Irish rogues, having very little
" Latin, less learning or civility. All these live on the
" bare altarages (as they term them), which, God knoweth,
" are very small, and were wont to live upon the gain of
" masses, dirges, shrivings, and such like trumpery, goodly
" abolished by your Majesty ; no one house standing for
" any of them to dwell in. In many places the very walls of
" the churches down, very few chancels covered, windows
" and doors ruined or spoiled. There are 52 other parish
" churches in the same diocese, who have vicars endowed
" upon them, better served and maintained than the other,
" yet but badly. There are 52 parish churches more, re-
" sidue of the first number of 224, which pertain to divers
" particular lords, and these, though in better estate than
" the rest commonly are, yet far from well. If this be
" the estate of the church in the best peopled diocese and
" best governed country of this your realm (as in truth it
" is), easy it is for your Majesty to conjecture in what case
" the rest is, where little or no reformation, either of re-
" ligion or manners, hath yet been planted and continued
INTRODUCTION.
" among them; yea, so propliane and heathenisli are some
" parts of this your country become, as it hath been
" preached publicly before me that the sacrament of
" baptism is not used among them." He then insists upon
the evils brought upon archbishoprics and bishoprics,
partly by the prelates themselves, partly by their " noisome
neighbours," and he sums up his description by reducing
the whole to three causes ; ruin of the churches, want of
good ministers, and incompetent maintenance.
During Sir Henry's progress his attention had been called
by the loyal inhabitants of the Pale to the great burthen oc-
casioned by the "cess," that is, the right of the Deputy to
levy provisions for the use of the different garrisons in Ire-
land at a fixed rate of payment.* As these rates were lower
than the market price of the commodities sold, and remained
fixed in all seasons alike, they proved not only a great hin-
drance and discouragement to industry, but were easily
converted by the malicious into a bitter act of oppression
wherever an obnoxious or independent inhabitant was
concerned. The idle, the improvident, or the unskilful
producer, whose goods were of the least value, escaped ;
the industrious and the skilful, who contrived to make
the best of the land, and raise the best crops, were, as a
* In a letter to the Privy Council Sydney thus explains the word.
" Lest this name of cess, being not a usual word there (in England), might
" seem to carry some secret mystery in the term, being misconceived,
" may it please your Lordships therefore to conceive that cess is nothing
" else but a prerogative of the Prince, and an agreement and consent of
" the nobility and Council, to impose upon the country a certain proportion
" of victual and provision of all kinds to be delivered and issued at a
" reasonable rate, and, as it is commonly termed, the Queen's price."
Carcw, Cal. IL, 66.
In his letter to Queen Elizabeth he enters into further details, and tells
the Queen that for the most part the cess was levied upon the five English
shires and certain Irish counties adjoining, and distributed according to
the number of the ploujrhlands. Collins, Sydney Papers, I. 189.
INTRODUCTION. Ixxxi
matter of course, singled out, and became the sufferers.
In Dec. 1575 they had proposed to the Deputy a money
composition in lieu of this assessment. The offer appeared
to Sydney not without advantage to the Queen's service,
as it was evidently the first step towards a system of
regular taxation in Ireland, and a means for raising a fixed
revenue for defraying the expenses of the government.
But as it seemed an innovation, and he was unwilling to
make the change on his own responsibility, he wrote to
the Council in England, desiring their advice.
On his return to Dublin, the inhabitants of the English
Pale drew up a memorial* in which they stated that they
had for some years past been oppressed with cesses and
exactions, contrary to the laws. Their corn, beef, mutton,
and other " accates " were taken from them at mean and
base prices, to their impoverishment. Professing their duty
to her Majesty, they begged of the Deputy to suffer a de-
putation to proceed from their body to England, and repre-
sent their grievances to Elizabeth. They asked Sydney to
support their cause. Finding that their request was not
favorably received, next year some of the most consider-
able inhabitants of the Pale, including Viscount Baltinglas,
the Baron of Howth, and others of no less rank, memoria-
lized the Council of England, and entrusted three gentlemen,
named Scurlock, Nettervill, and Burnell, to support their
petition. Their estimate, as they call it, of the cess, and the
loss and hindrance sustained by the country in conse-
quence of it, is very instructive. Here it is.
One thousand beeves at Qs. sterling the beef, the price
allowed by the Council ; if they were sold in the market
they would be worth 20s. f Beer malt and wheat, 1,000
* Carew, 1L 58.
f Sydney admits in a letter to Elizabeth that a cow heretofore sold for
6*. was now worth 20s., and all things else in the same proportion :
6 f
INTRODUCTION.
pecks, at 2s. 6d. the peck ; if sold in the market, 6*. the
peck. Oat malt, 700 pecks, at 16c?. the peck ; in the mar-
ket, 3s. Muttons, 3,900, at Is. each ; in the market, 2s. 6d.
Veals, 130, at Is. each ; in the market, 5s. Porks, 240,
at 3s. each ; in the market, 8s, Bacons, 12, at 5s. each ;
in the market, 13s. 4>d. Butter, 2,580 gallons, at 9^. the
gallon ; in the market, 2s. Gd. 300 lambs, answered hy
the Lord Deputy, at 3d. each ; worth Is. 700 pigs, at 3d.
each ; worth Is. 200 geese, at 3d. each ; worth Qd. 160
capons at 3d. each; worth 6d. 1,500 chickens at jd.
each ; worth 1\d.
Horses standing at livery, jrf. per diem, costing really
4<d. each ; and grooms, with two meals a day, c?., worth
4td. each.
This estimate is followed hy a census of the provisions
levied in Ireland during the administration of the Earl of
Sussex, from 1556 to 1562, and again in the year 1575.
Influenced partly by that spirit which every provincial
governor feels, that it is his primary duty to maintain the
prerogative of the Sovereign undiminished, partly hy his
tendency to under-estimate grievances of this kind, where
the Queen's service was concerned, Sydney was disinclined
to sympathise with the petitioners. He told them that
there were 1,000 soldiers in garrison ; that their pay was
insufficient; that the Queen's burthens were heavy. Jn
but then, he pathetically adds, " the soldier may not have a less proportion
" in food than he was wont to have ; for he eateth now as he was wont
" to do, and thereof he may not be much scanted ; so that, except your
" Majesty will increase the soldier's pay, I cannot see how to ease the
" country more than I have done." (Collins' S. P. I. 219.) The Queen,
who inherited the parsimonious tendencies of her grandfather, could never
be brought to see that the expenses of the Government must of necessity
keep pace with the increase of prices. She was constantly at war with
her ministers in her desire for economy, and broke their hearts by insisting
on the impossible combination of greater efficiency with reduced means.
INTRODUCTION. Ixxxiii
the end he offered to commute the cess for a charge of
four marks on every ploughland. To this proposal they
turned a deaf ear, as it took the shape of a perpetual land
tax. If the garrison were diminished, or dismissed alto-
gether, the cess would cease accordingly ; not so the tax.
As neither party would give way, the cess was imposed as
in the previous years.
Great discontent followed. The more so, as now for
the first time the Irish government resolved to extend the
cess equally to all estates, without regard to those exemp-
tions which had been hitherto pleaded. In past years many
landlords, by the favour of previous Deputies, had contrived
to procure immunity from the impost, and consequently
it fell with greater burthen on the ever decreasing circuit
of the non-exempted lands. But this reform, though con-
ceived in the spirit of equity, only added fresh numbers
to the malcontents, and increased the general dissatisfac-
tion. A second conference was held within the Pale, when
the opposing party exhibited a petition to the Deputy,
requiring a discharge from cess of every kind, and boldly
condemning the exaction as illegal. They requested leave
to repair to England ; if not, that the Deputy should sub-
mit their petition to the Queen, supporting it with his own
recommendation. After much discussion, he declined to
take either course. The tax, he contended, was strictly
legal ; it liad been imposed since the reign of Henry IV.
It was the undoubted prerogative of her Majesty. Those
who now repined at it were gentlemen and rich men,
well able to bear the burthen. In no previous time
had they lived " so civilly and able in diet, clothing, and
" household as at this day ; marry, the poor churl never
" so beggarly." The poor man's burthen would be lighter
now that these "busy-headed lawyers and malcontented
" gentlemen " could no longer escape their own share of
f 2
INTRODUCTION.
the burthen, but would have to contribute like the rest
of their neighbours.
There was reason on both sides, as there generally is in
discussions of this kind; though it was not Sydney's
policy to admit it. The condition of Ireland had rapidly
changed within the last few years ; and there can be no
better evidence of its improvement than that which is
furnished by this dispute. The steady rise in the value
of its produce is an index of its increasing prosperity.
Sydney tacitly admits the fact in his letter to the Privy
Council, " When the cow," he says, " was commonly sold
" for 8*. or 9*. sterling, the peck of wheat for 2s. 8d. or
" 3s., and the mutton at 12c?., and the rest after like prices,
" this burthen was not felt, but [there was] such an agree-
" ment betwixt the soldier and the countryman, and so
" desirous and loving [they were] one of another, as there
" was no repining, but so welcome was the guest to the
" host, as there was ever grief and sadness at their de-
" parting each from other. And now, although as much
" be paid as ever was in rate, yet the price growing higher,
" and the insolency of the soldiers more than it was wont
" to be, in exacting money upon the poor farmers, and
" sometimes escaping unconnected for the same (which
" happeneth as seldom as never if they be complained
" upon) provoketh this kicking and spurning at [the]
" cess."*
Nettervill, Scurlock, and Burnell repaired to England;
but petitioning in those days was not without its perils,
especially where the royal prerogative was really or only
apparently concerned. On the 14th May the Queen wrote to
the Deputyf in very sharp terms, complaining of these peti-
* Carew, Cal. II. 67.
f Ibid., 78.
INTRODUCTION. 1XXXV
tioners at Court, and of the allegations made by them as
tending to the manifest overthrow of her prerogative. She
loudly condemned the authorities in Ireland for permitting
her right to be impugned by open speeches and arguments
without committing the principal offenders. " We have,"
she continued, " already given order for the punishment of
" the parties sent over with the said letters, not in respect
" of their coming over to lay before us their griefs, but for
" that they did, since their arrival here, both by speech
" and writing, maintain the imposition of the said cess to
" be a matter against the laws and customs of that realm,
" although they do now acknowledge their offence." She
then orders the Deputy to send for the lords and gentle-
men who signed the letters ; and in failure of their consent
to maintain the Queen's prerogative in this matter, he
is ordered to commit the chiefest of them to ward.*
The examination of these patriotic repudiators of an
exaction, as grievous as it was unjust, before the Privy
Council in England, may be seen in this Calendar,
Vol. II., p. 61. They assert that the imposition was of
comparatively recent origin, and ought to be regulated
according to the market prices. They pointed out, in
terms of great moderation, the inequality of the assess-
ment its uncertainty its mischievous effects upon in-
dustry ; " they would have their burthens not to rest in
" discretion, but to be grounded upon law." f In the
end they suggested what appeared to them a more ^eco-
nomic and impartial method of providing for the expenses
of the soldiers, and expressed their willingness to con-
tribute their own proportions to such a rate to the utter-
most of their power.
* Carcw, Cal II. 79.
f Ibid., 63.
6 *
Ixxxvi INTRODUCTION.
This explanation of their motives and conduct was not
deemed satisfactory, and they were committed to the Fleet,
" for their presumptous behaviour,"* in the early part of
May following. In conformity with instructions received
from England, the Deputy summoned before him the chief
persons who had been engaged in this opposition to the
cess. On their refusing to retract and submit, he committed
them to the Castle of Dublin. Among the number were
some of the noblest and most loyal residents of the English
Pale.f
Though the Deputy could not deny .that this exaction
was a fruitful instrument of oppression, and an unjust
source of profit to swarming victuallers and under-agents
employed in its collection, this protest appeared, naturally
enough, the mere result of faction and discontent. He
could not help regarding it, in some degree, as a per-
sonal slight to himself and his authority, which he
was bound to resent. In his letters to the Queen and the
Privy Council in England he urged them not to give
way, but to bring the chief agents to a sense of their duty
by methods not uncommon in the reign of the Tudors.
Their punishment, he thought, for their " undecent and
undutiful speech," would bring many to more pliancy and
due obedience. "This Scurlock," he tells her Majesty, " has
" purchased more and builded more than his father/grand-
" father, or all his surname ever did, and his chief mean
" and credit to get this was by being attorney to your
" sister. Nettervill is the younger son of a mean and
" second justice of one of the benches, born to nothing, and
" yet only by your Majesty's bounty he liveth in better
" countenance than ever his father did. BurnelTs father
* Carew, CaL IL, 80.
t See Carew, ib. 60.
INTBODUCTION. Ixxxvii
" is alive, and an old man; but neither in youth nor age
" lived or was able to live in half that appearance that
" this man doth." " Of Burnell," he tells the Council, " I
" will say little, but I wish he had been better occupied ; for
" he is a man well spoken and towardly enough otherwise,
" if he would have applied himself to his profession, and
" followed his clients' causes, and not so busily have
" meddled with her Majesty's prerogative, which is not
" limited by Magna Charta, nor found in Lyttleton's
" Tenures, nor written in Books of Assizes, but registered
" in the Remembrances of her Majesty's Exchequer."*
The lawyers, it is clear, were beginning in those days to
grow troublesome, not only in England but in Ireland,
and the feud was already commencing which was destined
soon after to separate them more widely than ever from
the men of Sydney's ra.nk and sentiments.
But this was not the only or the chief reason for
Sydney's fixed and resolute dislike of them. Had it not
been for this unseasonable opposition, his design of raising
a revenue from Munster would have been successful. He
had reasonably expected to have been able to Tnflfn-to.ni an
efficient force on foot without burthening the Queen's Ex-
chequer, or being compelled to make annual suit to her
a task as disagreeable to her ministers as to herself for the
sums required to carry on the Irish government. Moreover,
the opposition from such a quarter was as unexpected as
it was ungrateful. At all events, the well-to-do inhabi-
tants of the English Pale had least cause to complain of
harsh treatment, or to set an example of insubordination
to their inferiors. " Their land," he tells the Queen, " was
" never more universally tilled, nor fuller of cattle than
" presently. Their cities and towns more populous than
* Collins, I. 179.
XXXviii INTRODUCTION.
" ever in memory of man. Their houses so far exceeding
" their ancestors', that they may be thought rather to be
" another and a new people than descendants of the old.
" In bestowing of their children, a gentleman I have
" known of this age give more than three baronies in
" times past. In plate and all other furniture of their
" houses, or apparel of themselves, wives, and children,
" there is as great odds between present age's people
" and their predecessors as in England there is between
" a yeoman and a good squire. Besides the number
" trebled of their sons, kinsfolk, and friends now by them
" kept in the universities and at the study of the law of
" the realm, to that which their elders kept ; and each
" one they have standeth them in treble charge that one
" stood the others in before. And there be some principal
" gentlemen that have their sons in Louvain, Dole, Rome,
" and other places where your Majesty is rather hated
" than honored in, and it is to be supposed not without
" their charges. And as dear as all things are, they fare
" more delicately and chargeously than ever they did."*
These may be the words of an indignant, they are not
the words of an unreflecting or unobservant, man. They
furnish the most conclusive and unanswerable evidence of
the growing prosperity of the English Pale under the reign
of Elizabeth. Whatever might be the faults of her
government, however severe and intolerant in some re-
spects, it is clear that her rule was connected more inti-
mately than any other with the prosperity of her subjects
both in England and in Ireland. The proofs on this head
are unexceptionable. Her admirers, therefore, and her
ministers, of whom Sydney was not the least, might be
forgiven if, with these evidences of the prosperity of her
* Collins, I. 182.
INTRODUCTION. Ixxxix
rule before their eyes, they were not inclined to see her
authority impugned, and regarded with rough impatience,
as impertinent and unpatriotic, any attempt to scrutinize
her prerogative, or restrain it within strictly legal limits.
There was not one of the grand and chivalrous spirits, that
languished at the foot of her throne in the blaze of her
majesty, that would not have concurred in Sydney's senti-
ments, and have deemed any other incompatible with true
knighthood. Such narrow notions as those of Nettervill
and his companions might comport well enough with the
pinching and contracted study of Lyttleton's Tenures and
the Book of Assize, but the glories of regality, and that
divinity which hedges a king, must be worshipped to be
understood; they must be felt by minds of royal and
noble mould to be duly appreciated.
But though Elizabeth might be provoked at first by a fit
of irritation to resent such acts as affected her prerogative
with extreme displeasure, when consideration returned she
rarely failed to re-examine the whole subject, and arrive at
juster conclusions. These men had acted with great
moderation they were loyal English subjects of some
mark and consequence not itinerant retailers of sedition.
They had professed their anxiety to support her authority
in Ireland by all lawful ways. Perhaps also justice, and
the necessity of a strict example, had been amply satisfied
with the imprisonment they had undergone. In August*
Secretary Walsingham wrote to Sydney, " that Scurlock,
" Nettervill, and Burnell, since their submission-}- made
" here, by reason of the sickness of the plague which is
" in the Elect, where they were prisoners, are enlarged
" upon good bonds to remain in the city or within 10
* 1577. Collins, I. 202.
t See it in Carew, II. 83
XC INTRODUCTION.
" miles thereof, until further order be taken with them."
The Queen herself hegan to think that there was some
reason in their complaint.* She would not indeed abate
an inch of her authority, nor fail to insist on the most
explicit submission from those who had ventured to impugn
it, either here or in Ireland, but she held out a hope that if
they were conformable, though she would not relieve them
of the cess this year, she might be induced to give order
for its abolition hereafter. An amicable arrangement now
became possible. The lords and gentlemen of the Pale, fol-
lowing the example of their agents in England, submitted,
and acknowledged their offences, " so far forth every way
as they had committed the same ;" the cess was arranged
more in conformity with actual prices ; and at length, in
the spring of 1578, this dissension, which had at one time
threatened to convert all the English residents in Ireland
into inveterate opponents of the government, was quietly
appeased, just as a new rebellion started up, which
demanded the undivided energy and attention of all
concerned.
But meanwhile Sydney had been recalled to England ;
and we shall hear of him no more in connexion with this
history.
* Carew, II. 118.
f Ibid., 124, 133.
INTRODUCTION. xci
APPENDIX A.
THE DISORDERS OF THE IRISHRY IN THE IRISH PALE OF
IRELAND, and the cause of Waste and Decay of the same.
The STATE of the ENGLISH PALE ; the cause of Waste and
Decay thereof; with the cause of Debate between them both.*
FIRST, it is to be understand that the land of Ireland was divided
into several kingdoms, and so continued of long time, until the
coming of King Henry the Second, who then did win by conquest
the more part of the same land, and the same gave and departed
amongst his nobles and certain English gentlemen and others that
went with him into Ireland, in reward of their service there done,
where they both planted themselves and remained as obedient sub-
jects to the King and Crown of England and his laws, and main-
tained the same. The rest of the land some he put under tribute,
other some were never by him conquered, and they both so left
continued and maintained their old customs, which were the laws
of the Brehons, which before the conquest was used. And as those
then planted by the King maintained the laws of England, and
continued the same by them and theirs successively until this day,
as the English Pale and civil towns doth maintain and use the
same, even so the others, aswell that were put under tribute and
they that were never conquered, as also those by them since sub-
dued brought under their rule, doth maintain the Brehons' law as
they did before the conquest, which custom they continue in the
Irish Pale, who are now the more part of the realm. The race and
stirpe of them this day do maintain and use the same contrary to
God his law, and also repugnant to the Queen's Majesty's laws and
all other good and civil orders.
So all the lords and gentles of the Irish Pales that are not
governed under the Queen's laws are driven and compelled of
necessity to keep and maintain a number of idle men of war, as
they may be able always to rule their own people at home and
exact their neighbours abroad, as their need shall require in their
* State Papers, Ireland, Eliz., voL I. no. 73.
xcii INTRODUCTION.
wars, which they commonly use and maintain against those that
prctendeth any right to that they at any time have or do sometimes
possess by wrong ; giving neither place to law nor yet good orders,
but working every one his own wilful will for a law, to the spoil of
the country and decay and waste of the common weal of the same.
The charge and finding of the men of war of every private Irish
Lord is such a burden to his country as keepeth the same ever in
great poverty, and by that means bringeth them that taketh most
pain to most penury, and those that getteth all to gain nothing ;
whereby husbandry is so hard to live by as very few covet it,
as no plenty can prosper, but ever scarcity, where this is used, not
only hindering the good but forwarding the evil, so far that the
most mischief of all the land is fed and nourished withal. This is
called Coyne and Livery. Besides this they have many other
customs, exactions, and undertreddinges, so that in a manner all
that ever the tenants can win with their weary working the lord
hath at last, if his need be such in wars, or otherwise he will take
all that his tenants have and destroy them in a day ; and he never the
better himself, for(as aforesaid) idle men of war eateth all together.
And thus their countries are impoverished, as inhabitants having
nothing left to cherish or care for (unless sometime a few cattle
which the poor people are forced to drive with them wheresoever
they go, for finding their Lords' men of war), they, as careless of
their behaviour, become as idle as the rest stealing by night and
robbing by day, as at last stirreth them to war one Lord against
another. Although [they do so] until they have spoiled and wasted
one another's country yet no malice can increase their enmity so
much one against another but upon every occasion they become
friends, and join their former dispersed strength in one force
against the Queen's Majesty and her liege people.
For their religion.
The appearance of their outward behaviour sheweth to be the
fruits of no good trees, for they exercise no virtue, nor yet refrain or
forbear any vice, but think it lawful to do every one what him listeth,
as thereby should seem they neither love nor dread God, nor yet hate
the Devil. They are superstitious and worshippers of images and
open idolaters. Their common oath they swear is by books, bells,
and other ornaments, which they use as holy relics. If for any
greater cause they take the name of God, they seldom perform
unless to do a shrewd turn. Their chief and solemnest oath that
INTRODUCTION. xciii
bindeth them is by their lord's or master his hand, which whoso
forsweareth is sure to pay a fine or sustain a worse turn. The
Sabbath day they rest from all honest exercise, and the week days
they are not idle but worse occupied. They do not honour their
fathers and mothers so much as they do reverence strangers.
For any murder they commit [it] should seem they do not so soon
repent for whose blood they once shed. They lightly never cease
killing of all that name, although nothing akin, so many as they can
find ever after, whom they may overcome.
They did not so commonly commit adultery, not for that they do
profess or keep such chastity, but for that they seldom or never
marry, and therefore few of them [are] lawful heirs, by the laws of
the realm, to those lands they presently possess.
They 'steal but from the strong, and take by violence from the
poor and weak. They know not so well who is their neighbour, as
whom they favour with him they will witness in right and wrong.
They covet not their neighbour's goods, but command all that is
their neighbour's as their own.
And this ungodly life they lead, and pass their years without
amendment, until their dying day, that they are able to do no more
harm, without knowledge of God or understanding of his Word, which
they never hear truly taught, nor can, for lack of good ministers to
instruct and preach the same ; nor yet will any minister take pains
without living, which is not to be had where there is neither church
nor parish, but all decayed and waste, nor can be inhabited to increase
a parish without people, nor anywise people will come to inhabit
and dwell where is neither defence of Law nor equity of Justice
maintained, as they might enjoy the fruit of their labour.
Which is every King's part and charge, to minister Justice to
his people, and the Queen's Majesty's our liege sovereign presently
more bound thereto than any her Grace's noble progenitors hitherto
were, who by style had but the name of Lords of Ireland (although
all princely prerogative withal) before her Highness' father, of most
famous memory, King Henry the Eight, to whom by Parliament
was given the title, style, and name of King of Ireland, and now
her Majesty's possession by lawful succession.
And withal her Majesty, under God, of whom her Highness hath
received also the charge, as most worthy for the supreme govern-
ment of his creatures, her people, within these her Highness' own
realms and dominions, as besides Christian charity and princely
dignity her Highness oweth to God, by that title to reform and
xciv INTRODUCTION.
direct and lead those blind and wilful ignorant people to the
knowledge of God his most holy Word, to the salvation of their
souls, which he so dearly bought ; as if the Angels of Heaven
rejoiced so much at the conversion of one sinner to repentance,
what joy, solace, and welcome shall our most dear Sovereign
Lady Queen Elizabeth have for converting, or rather recovering, of
sO many a thousand lost souls as at this present are in Ireland,
ready to go on headlong to the Devil, if her Grace seek not
speedy remedy to prevent the same, as by their fruits shewed
there is already a great many gone to his dam !
THE STATE of the ENGLISH PALE and CIVIL SHIRES and the
Queen's Majesty's great charge in keeping and mahitaining
an Army there for the defence of the same.
"Who lying in the English Pale, where commonly the most num-
ber of soldiers do sojourn at cess, both footmen and horsemen, with
their double horse and horse boys dispersed in the civil shires,
which is such a burden to the liege people of the same as hath
greatly impaired the good state of the Pale, where they are not so
serviceable ; for when the Irish maketh any entry by sudden roads
upon the borders of the English Pale, although the Governor might
within four hours assemble the captains for the defence of the Pale,
no captain is able to assemble his band in four days, which is too
late to pursue the enemy, who is gone three days before with the
spoil of the country.
When for more ease and better defence of the Pale the soldiers
are sent to lie upon the borders in peace time, where, a great num-
ber being cessed upon a small territory, the burden is so heavy to
the inhabitants, upon whom if they but lie one quarter of a year,
the poor people liven the worse seven years after. And although in
war time the living of the soldiers there be such service indeed as
causeth enemies to forbear that border for the time, yet is that ser-
vice so dear bought as all that the poor man saveth by the defence
of the soldier's presence, when the soldier is gone, the enemy cometh
and takcth all away ; so as between the soldier and the enemy the
poor man hath nothing left.
And where a certain number of soldiers continually do lie in
garrison at the Newerye and Knockfargus, they are also most com-
monly found for their provision by cess out of the English Pale
to as great charge as before. Although some more ease they
INTRODUCTION. XCV
find by their absence than when they are lodged in their houses, and
to the Queen's Majesty an increase of charge by as much as freights
and carriages by sea and land, with great allowances to victuallers and
clerks, as sometime the charges is more than the principal provision
so transported is worth at the arrival, and sometime the whole
perisheth by shipwreck, as every way the Queen's Majesty is a loser.
And lying thus in garrison, as they use their service, they are a defence
to themselves only, and a burden to the poor inhabitants dwelling
about them (who dependeth upon the Queen's defence), whom they
daily oppress and spoil, and cannot defend them when they have done;
nor yet defence can they be to the English Pale, which is so far off from
the one (which is Nophargus), and may be diversly and many ways
annoyed by the Neles, the Fewes, and others, as those which is in the
Nyuerye can neither prevent nor let the enemy coming in, nor yet
rescue at their going forth any thing they take away. Nor yet can
so few as they are in those garrisons be a scourge to any enemy of
force, who may easily keep from them that he listeth not to lose, as
nothing they can get themselves unless they make a sudden raid,
as commonly they do upon those with whom they have no war, and
take a prey of them ; who, to revenge the same,.cometh and spoileth
all the poor people that dwelleth about those forts, to their utter
decay and waste. As at this day there is not any way within ten
mile about Knockfargus six plough land manured with tillage [or]
any kind of grain! but all that province waste, where was five or
six hundred ploughs before the garrison were planted there ; so nei-
ther can any of those garrisons plant or sow anything abroad
whereof they can assure themselves to reap the fruit ; nor yet will
the enemies suffer their own people to plant or improve any com-
modity near those forts, lest the soldiers should thereby be relieved :
and so between both all waste.
And when they lie in garrison in the Irish enemy's country, as
sometime was maintained a garrison at Ardmaughe, Belefarst, and of
late in Glanarme, Mountseudall, Island Sydneye, Castle-Town,
Don-Lewse, and other places, they were also furnished for their pro-
vision for the most part by like cess out of the English Pale as
before, and to the Queen's Majesty more charge than any the
others were, by as much as the English Pale for carriages by sea
and land is further distant to those remote places than the other
garrisons upon the borders were ; and keeping of fort in the heart
of the enemies' country, they were a defence and stay and strength
only to themselves in those pieces which they kept, wherein they
XCvi INTRODUCTION.
were shut up as they could neither relieve themselves by anything
they could get in the country itself, being waste, as it is always
so kept by the enemy of purpose ; nor yet could they be so easily
victualled of the Queen's provision, but sometime with conduct, to
more charge and trouble than the rest, as was Ardmaughe, which
cost the English Pale many men's lives and their garrisons lost
with victualling thereof; and of late Glanarme, Mount Sendall,
Donnlewse, Island Sydneye, and others, whereof some were lost by
casualty, as of late Castle-Town, Island Sydneye, Donlewse ; and
those that were kept and impregnable to the enemy were, after
great charge bestowed, abandoned and voluntary given up to the
Irishry again in better case than it was before.
And when in time of war with any Irishry of power, as of late
with one Nele, and such like, occasion moveth the Governor to pro-
claim a main journey for 30 or 40 days to invade the enemies'
country, the Governor goeth with the army and force of the English
Pale, to their great charge, where they continue out their days
whilst their victuals last, and then fain to return home again, as
many times they do, without booty or other harms they do or yet
can be done to a waste country, the inhabitants whereof, whilst the
English host is in their country, shunneth all their cattle into
woods or pastures, where they continue until the English Army be
gone ; and then do they come into the plains of their country with
their cattle again, where they are as ready anew to invade and
spoil the English Pale as before ; as commonly they do bring with
them great booties out of the borders of the same, whereof if
recovery be not made by hot pursuit of some part of that they
take away, very seldom or never can be found anything of theirs
worth the having to be taken from them for the same again. So
as by these appearances, wheresoever the service is done, the same
s a charge to the Queen's Majesty, a burden to the liege people,
to the decay both of them and the English soldiers, fretting one
another of themselves, with small defence to the Pale, nor yet
can be any great scourge to the enemy, who always gaineth by
our losses, and we never gain by them, although we win all that we
play for, the stakes being so unequal, viz., not a penny against a
pound, for that the English Pale is planted with towns and vil-
lages, inhabited with people resident, having goods, chattels, corn,
and household stuff, good booties for the Irish enemies to take
from us, and their countries being kept of purpose waste uninhabited,
as where nothing is, nothing can be had.
INTRODUCTION. xcvii
And thus the crown of England, being at charge this 37 years
past since the rebellion of Thomas FitzGerrelde, at which time the
same army were sent into Ireland, which hath cost your late father,
of worthy memory, King Henry the Eighth, and your late brother
and sister, and now your Highness' time, not so little as the sum of
thirteen or 14 hundred thousand pounds in all that time. And
until this day they have neither won to your Majesty obedi-
ence of people, nor yet increased your revenue by any territory of
ground they have annexed to your Crown, saving Lexe and Ophale,
which yieldeth to your Crown a yearly rent, although not so much
as it standeth your Majesty in wages to the farmers thereof that
do dwell upon the same for the only keeping and defending of the
same, unto whom was paid wages before 30 thousand pounds for
keeping thereof waste, and could not find the means to make twenty
acres worth a penny a year rent to the Queen's Majesty ; but since
they have had property and fee-farm thereof, they have learned the
way to make every acre worth 20c?. a year rent to themselves,
and that well paid by the poor churls and native inhabitants of
those countries, whom they could not frame to any better use but
as enemies to the Queen's Majesty whilst her Highness was at the
charge of keeping ; but since they have obtained and had the fee-
farm thereof to themselves, they have found the mean to make of
those that erst were called rebels to the Queen to become to them-
selves profitable tenants.
Where the Queen's Majesty's charges is increased of late extra-
ordinarily four or five thousand pounds a year, bestowed upon
presidents and judges, with their retinue, for deciding of causes, in
remote parts, as it was then devised, for more ease and less charges
for the people inhabiting thereabouts than to go to the Courts to
Develyn, so far off ; and where the laws was executed but in one
place within the realm, the train now of the presidents and] justices
at hand is such a burden to the poor liege people of those provinces,
who dependeth upon the Queen's Majesty's laws to be defended, as
they are all by the same now impoverished and decayed in worse case
than they were before, as they complaineth ; and saith that when they
went to Develyn to sue for their right, though their charges was great,
yet they saved somewhat ; but now, since justice is come to their
doors, it, say they, leaveth them nothing ; and as for the Jrishry of
that province, that are of power of themselves able to take by violence
and hold the same perforce, they will neither go to justice to give
right to their neighbours, nor tarry at home to take wrong. And
7 g
XCviii INTRODUCTION.
thus all services in Ireland, as the same is yet used, is a great and
continual charge to the Crown of England, no ease nor benefit to
the liege people of Ireland, but pain and penury a consuming of
them and the English soldiers, as a bough with the wind, and native
people fretting one another of themselves, and the Irish unreformed,
or yet the rebels and enemies repressed, who keepeth their countries
waste of purpose, as having nothing to lose, but living by the spoil
of others.
ACTS and GOOD ORDERS for the appeasing and ceasing of causes
of strife and contention among the people, to increase peace
generally.*
APPENDIX B.
28 March 1568.
To the LORDS JUSTICES of IRELAND.!
We greet you well. Forasmuch as amongst divers other things
which we have found necessary to be considered for the weal of
that our realm of Ireland, we perceive no one thing more con-
venient to be speedily put in order within the province of Ulster,
than to have the metropolitan See of the Church [of] Armagh to be
provided of an Archbishop, whereby the multitude [of] dispersed
people our subjects of that diocese, being very large, might be re-
covered to the obedience of God, and consequently live in good order
and peace under our government ; for which place and room we have
made choice for divers respects of one of our ordinary chaplains,
Mr. Thomas Lancaster, who heretofore was Bishop of Kildare in our
eaid realm, and therein for his time proved very laudably, and
since that time hath been very well acquainted in the said parts
of Ulster, having been also lately in company with our Deputy in
all his journeys within our said realm, using himself very com-
mendably in preaching and teaching, and very faithfully, painfully,
and discreetly in all other services committed to his charge, as by
our said Deputy we be duly informed. And thereupon having
determined to call him to that promotion to be Archbishop of
* This document appears to be unfinished.
t State Papers, Ireland, Elizabeth, Vol. XX I H,, 86. This document is
a draft, corrected by Cecil.
INTRODUCTION. xcix
Armagh, we do will and command you that immediately upon
the sight hereof, ye do in our name and by such authority as you
being our Justices jointly, and you our Chancellor separately, have
and hold, proceed to the direction and execution of this our plea-
sure both to the nomination and commendation of him to the Dean
and Chapter there, and to the ratification, confirmation and giving
our royal assent to his election ; and further also to charge and
command such archbishops and bishops as you shall think meet, to
proceed to the consecration of him, and to do all other manner of
of things that by law and custom is or shall be requisite for the
perfecting of this our royal pleasure. Furthermore, where we are
given to understand that the said church of Armagh and the house
of old time belonging to the Archbishop there in Armagh is de-
cayed, and chiefly by the late rebel there Shane O'Neill spoiled
-and ruined ; our will and pleasure is that speedy conference be had
with the Dean and Chapter of the said church, and with sue a others
principal heads, lords, gentlemen, and freeholders within the same
diocese, for contribution to be had as well of money, or that may
be in value of money, as of the labor, handiworks, carriages,
timber, and other stuff within the said diocese, towards the re-
edifying and repairing of the said church and house for the Arch-
bishop, or of so much thereof as shall or may be by any good policy
for the time obtained. And for the furtherance thereof our will
and pleasure is, that in our name the said Archbishop, and such
other as he shall appoint under him for those works, may be aided
and assisted by our commission royal to take up timber, stone,
carriages, workmen and all other things necessary, in like manner
and for the same prices as though the same were for our own
proper works and buildings. And generally we will you to do all
manner of things that may be thought unto you meet for the
furtherance of this good work, for our meaning is to have the
service of God hereby furthered and advanced, to the example and
introduction (instruction?) of all others within the said parts of
Ulster for the repairing of their churches, which we hear say to be
in such lamentable ruin, by the late rebellion in those parts, as in
some place[s] there scantly remaineth knowledge of the places where
the churches were built ; and where there do remain any tokens,
the ruins be such, as in the same scantly is coverture for wild
beasts; which thing as it is greatest to be lamented, so do we
think it most necessary to be first recovered; wherein as we
know our Deputy will, at his coming, further the lack to the utter-
C INTRODUCTION.
iwost of his power, so we will and require you to omit no time for
the preparation of things necessary to the same.
APPENDIX C.
INSTRUCTIONS given by her Majesty the 18th of April 1579 to the
right reverend father in God Adam Archbishop of Dublin
and Robert Garvey Bachelor of the Civil Law, her Highness'
commissioners for faculties within her realm of Ireland, thought
convenient to be observed by them in executing their Com-
mission annexed to the same.*
ELIZABETH R. Signed the 25 of May 1579.
1. First in consideration that there are not for the present men
to be provided within that our realm sufficiently qualified to be placed
in such rooms and cures as are void ; we have thought meet for a
time, until it may please God to increase the number of able men,
to tolerate the granting of dispensations for two benefices with
cure, with clauses of permutation as it is usual in the dispen-
sations within this realm, so that the benefices taken by permuta-
tion do not exceed the tax of , and the distance of twenty miles,
and so as the cure of both be duly served, and the incumbent be
resident upon both equally as nigh as may be convenient.
2. We are also pleased to grant them authority to create no-
taries, such persons as they shall find to be skilful and of good
name and reputation, and give license upon necessary consider-
ations, upon forbidden days, to eat flesh, with such conditions as the
Archbishop of Canterbury useth.
3. For health, inevitable danger of life, and study in one of the
universities of Oxford or Cambridge, the said causes being well
examined and proved, we can allow that dispensations be granted
for non-residence to dure no longer time than , and so as the
persons dispensed withal, having two benefices or other eccle-
siastical living, after the said years be resident upon one of them,
and having but one benefice in some place, to be allowed by the
*This paper is taken from a private M 3. in the handwriting of Lord
Justice Pelham's Secretary, containing a large number of important public
documents for the years 1578 and 1579. It was apparently the property
of Sir Francis Walsingham.
INTRODUCTION. ci
said Commissioners, with conditions chat tlie benefices be not destitute
of necessary service, during the absence of the incumbent, by virtue
of such dispensation.
4. And for as much the beneficies within this our realm of Ireland
are very small, the country being spoiled and unpeopled, as it lately
hath been, we are contented for a time to tolerate these our said
commissioners shall have authority to dispense with such persons as
they shall find meet and worthy to have with any two cured bene-
fices, any deanery, archdeaconry, or any other dignity, or prebend,
within any Cathedral church of that realm ; so that the same
deanery, archdeaconry, or other dignity or prebend, do not exceed
the yearly tax and value of -.
5. Although we think trialities within this realm of England to
be utterly inconvenient and unmeet to pass ; yet considering the
smallness of the benefices of that realm of Ireland, and being in"
formed that ordinaries there, by unions, many times without clue
consideration of the worthiness of the persons, in respect of whom
they unite, do in effect grant the commodity of four benefices to
one man, the said commissioners may grant to men of learning and
worthiness dispensation for three benefices, so that they exceed not
all the value of 40Z. and be not distant above twenty miles.
G. And for as much as within that our realm of Ireland we are
sometimes to employ in our service, and the service of our estate
there, men studied and learned in the profession and knowledge of
the civil law, and that such men are most commonly so slenderly
provided for there, that they be not able to live by the use and
practice of their study, we are pleased to permit our said commis-
sioners to grant unto such persons, and such as they shall find of
good disposition and towardness by study, to increase their knowledge,
for their better ability to serve us and the church of that our realm
of Ireland, dispensation to take and retain for their better main-
tenance one ecclesiastical living or promotion, notwithstanding that
they be not in orders, provided that the cure of such living be
duly served by an able man, to be allowed other by our said com-
missioners or by the ordinary of the place where such a living is.
7. And whereas it is oftentimes seen that persons unlawfully
bom by their study and diligence profit so well in learning
and virtue, that they be fitter to serve in the church than many
other that have not the like defect, and we think it not lawful to
deny such persons the reward of their good abilities, being them-
selves without blame and oti'ence, we are likewise pleaded thai our
h
cii INTRODUCTION.
said commissioners shall and may, from time to time, dispense
with such persons unlawfully born; as well to take orders as bene-
fices ecclesiastical, excepting the degrees of bishops and deans of
cathedral churches, the same deaneries being above the yearly value
of 50., if they shall, find them such for manners and learning as
shall prove profitable members for the Church.
' 4. And like as our pleasure is that dispensations commonly called
Perinde valere whereby any other man's right is impeached, are for
good causes to be restrained, so we think that such persons eccle-
siastical whose livings for lack of dispensations are voidable, and
whereunto no other can justly make claim are favorably to be re-
levied and considered of, as well in respect of their continuance in
their orders and ministry, as for retaining of their benefices, there-
fore we are pleased that our said commissioners may grant to such
persons such kind of dispensation and Permde valere, as shall be
needful for them, except there be suit commenced against them, or
right grown to another in the benefice, before the granting of such
dispensations.
9. Last of all for that we think overmuch liberty in the granting
of faculties touching the enjoying of ecclesiastical livings to be a
matter very prejudicial to the furtherance of the service of God, and
true religion, now by our laws established in our realms of England
and Ireland, our will and pleasure is, that by you our said commis-
sioners no other faculties be granted but for such causes and in
such cases as are before expressed, straightly requiring you to draw
our meaning no further or to other purpose, in this behalf, than
the words of these our instructions do plainly and simply import.
25 May 1579, Regni Eliz. 21.
Fra. Walsingham.
C A R E W MSS.
ELIZABETH.
1589.
March 10.
Vol. CIS, p. 8C.
March 18.
Vol. 618, p. 19a.
March 18.
Vol. 618, p. 19.
1. SIR WILLIAM FITZWILLIAM, Lord Deputy, to .ill MAYORS,
SHERIFFS, &c.
Whereas we intend to make a present journey into Con-
naught, and have appointed the Master of the Ordnance's
company of horsemen to meet us at Athboye on Wednesday,
the 19th, these are to command you to furnish them in their
travel with sufficient horsemeat and man's meat for one night,
and a breakfast, in each one place, for which they shall pay
ready money, according her Majesty's usual rates; having
given them especial charge that they shall use no extortion or
oppression, nor receive any money of the country, and that
they shall travel miles by the day.
10 March 1588.
Copy. P. 1.
2. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SECRETARY WALSINGHAM.
" If my wife have occasion to pray your Honour's aid to
help her for the payment of wages due unto me to bring her
hither into Ireland," I humbly beseech you to give her your
furtherance.
Dublin, 18 March 1588. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
3. SIR GEORGE CAREW to his cousin, JOHN STANHOPE.
I cannot live contentedly with the office which her Majesty
hath bestowed upon me, unless I might dwell in hope " at
some times, when there is no occasion of service here, to obtain
leave to behold her eyes, the world's glory, in whom all accom-
plishments of honorable virtues and rarest perfections do
most plentifully abound." " Be an humble suitor to her
Majesty that if I cannot get leave of the Governors, whereof
I have small hope, that she will pardon me if I take leave, for in
CAREW MSS.
1589.
March 18.
Vol. 618, p. 20a.
March 18.
Vol. 618, p. 20.
very truth I account myself in dutiful services and affections
so far bound unto her beyond the ordinary band of a subject,
that my life is hateful unto me when I am not employed in
her service or present in her sight."
18 March 1588.* " Per James Woodward."
Copy. P.I
4. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
The last proportion of munition sent into this realm was
brought into the storehouse here with less loss or waste than
usual. Such wants as are needful to supply the store I have
delivered in a note to my Lord Deputy, who hath sent the
same to you by this bearer, my servant. If it please your
Lo. to like of such demands and rates, as under my hand my
uncle George Harvie can show you, I will make powder
within this realm to the quantity of six lasts by the year. I
will provide all other habiliments of war at a rate, provided
I may borrow money of the Queen. My wife's stay in Eng-
land is only for my wages, to pay my credit before she departs
the realm.
In my uncle Wyngfelde's last accompts I find that a culverin
lost at the Dyrrey, when it was burned, was afterwards reco-
vered by George Thornton, now captain of the Queen's ship
The Popetigaye, who delivered it to Sir Henry Sydney, then
Lord Deputy, by whose commandment Sir Henry Pallmer, at
that time his servant, transported the same in her Majesty's
ship called The Hare into Bewmanishe, where it continued,
until of late years, as I understand, one William Thomas, a
servant to my Lord of Leicester, carried the same to Carnar-
van, where now it remaineth. This culverin I think the
officers of the Tower have not in their charge.
18 March 1588. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
5. SIR GEORGE CAREWE to MR VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (Sm
THOMAS HENEAGE).
Thanks for your letters. The troubles now feared are but
a-breeding. Ulster of late years hath stood firm for the Queen ;
but now it is in danger through the rooted malice between
O'Neale and the Earl of Tyrone about certain lands which are in
controversy between them. O'Neale, to suppress the Earl, hath
lately enlarged upon sureties out of his prison Con O'Neale
son to the traitor Shane O'Neale. O'Neale erecteth companies
of soldiers in his own pay, and hath sent into the Out Isles
for Scots. The Earl, on the other side, doth wage great
numbers of men, and expecteth Scots to come to his aid.
* Altered to " 1589."
ELIZABETH. 3
1589.
Connaught is now the most troublesome province. The
Bourkes and gentlemen of Mayo and other countries are in
arms, and an English gentleman called Browne, a councillor
of that province, has been slain with 25 of his men. O'Rourke,
besides his own force of 600 men, hath waged a greater num-
ber than his own. The Lord Deputy, to appease these
disorders, beginneth his journey in person towards that
province upon the 18th of this month. Pheaghe McHugh,
the fire-brand of Leinster and gall of Ireland, lieth very
quiet, but is ready to play his wonted parts, if the other
provinces do not lay down their arms. They of Munster do
yet bear their late afflictions, so ripe in memory, and are so
beggarly that, unless Spanish supplies come to their aid (which
generally through the kingdom is wished), there is no doubt of
their obedience.
Dublin, 18 March. 1588. Per Woodward."
Copy. Pp. 2.
March 25. 6. SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Voi.eis.* "Money disbursed by me, as Attorney to my Mother and
my two Aunts, for and concerning the administration of
my Uncle's goods, and otherwise in their business,
since the 23rd of June 1588.
" To a messenger, to carry a letter from Dublin to Mr.
Treasurer into the county of Wexford about John Sheryffe's
examinations, 10s. To one of my men, for his own charges
and his horse, to ride to Mr. Treasurer to the jcounty of Wex-
ford, 26s. 6d. For the copy of Sheryff's examinations to a man
of Mr. Treasurer's, 30s. To Hopper, the receiver of the
revenue, for an acquittance, 5s. f To the Queen for one half-
year's rent due at Michaelmas last past, 1588, 32. 15s. 3d. To
Doctor Forde, for the letter of administration, 53s. 4>d. To
Mr. Heathe, the Register, for his fee, 10s. To the officer that
keeps the seal of the Prerogative Court, 5s. To Mr. Beelinge,
the lawyer, for the bands he made between my uncle Harvye
and me, 10s. To Mr. Belinge's clerk for his pains, 3s. 4id.
Money lent by my mother to my Lady Newenham, which I
am authorized to receive, 271. To the Queen, for one half-
year's rent due at our Lady Day 1589, 13Z. 8s. 3d. To Hopper
for an acquittance, 5s. To Ralph Byrtche, for his riding charges
into Munster, for himself and his horse, about my uncle's busi-
ness, 3?. 6s. 8d. For a commission to thje Sheriff of Dublin
to attach John James or his goods, 5s. For a commission to
the Sheriff of the county of Dublin to attach Jo. James or his
* Near the end.
f This item is repeated here, and it occurs once more below.
A2
CAREW MSS.
1 589.
March 20.
Vol. 618, p. 19.
March 2G.
Vol. 618, p. 21.
April 7.
Vol. 605, p. 119.
goods, .KS. For the copy of Mr. Fenton's letter for Dun-
boyne, 5s."
In Carew's oiun Jutnd. P. 1.
7. Sm GEORGE CAREW to SECRETARY WALSINGHAM.
Upon the arrival of my Lord Deputy in this realm I was
.111 humble suitor to your Honour for the poor men under my
leading, in respect they have not the cesse accustomed, for
their continuance in sterling pay, at I2d. per diem, which
they have received ever sithens her Majesty granted augmen-
tation to her army, but now by instructions are debarred from
it. A horseman is unable with 6f<Z. to feed himself, his horse,
hackney, and boy, and to keep them furnished. The benefit of
my uncle's patent her Majesty did most graciously bestow
upon me. I beseech your favour for them.
Athlone, 2G March 1-389. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
8. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
Not long since I wrote to you for a supply of munition, &c.
Upon the arrival of my Lord Deputy I became a suitor to
your Honour for the poor men under my leading, that as they
have no cesse, they might continue in sterling pay at 1 2cZ. per
diem as hitherto.
26 March 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. .P.I.
9. JOHN STANHOPE to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
I thank you for your letter. With Mr. Vice-Chamberlain I
conferred of you. He found the Queen ill disposed, as he says,
but would take some other time. Myself offered your letter,
but she looked for one to herself, for so your promise was to
her, as she said. I told her of your desire to see her. She said
it was your own fault to go away, but you were so impor-
tunate for the place, as you seemed careless of tarrying here.
After some arguments she said, if the service there did permit
your absence, you might come at any time, and of this you
were the best judge. News will grow siale ere they come,
and here be none pleasant. As for a hobby, we shall have lei-
sure to give and take hereafter.
Whythaule (Whitehall), 7 April.
Holograph. P. 1 (gilt-edged paper). Addressed.
Endorsed by Carew : My cousin John Stanhope's letter by
my wife, 7 April 1589.
Vol. 61 8, p. 38a.
2. Copy of the preceding.
ELIZABETH.
1589.
May 10. 10. SIR THOMAS HENEAGE to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 606, p. 121. 1 have dealt with her Majesty by your desire for your com-
pany of horse ; likewise touching that my Lady your wife
spake unto me for, viz., to be of the Council. For the latter,
I had answer you were young yet ; for the former, her
Majesty refers all things to her Council. Sir John Ferret,
who is especially trusted by her Majesty, has promised me to
give you all furtherance in this matter. I wish you to write
to him on the subject.
From the Court, 10 May 1589.
Holograph. P.I. Addressed: Sir George Carey, Knight.
Endorsed.
Vol. 6ie, p. 37a. 2. Copy of the preceding.
May 24. 11. To SIR GEORGE CAREW, Master of [the Ordnance], and
Vol. 618, p. sea. SIR THOMAS W[ILLIAMS], Muster Master and Clerk of
the Cheque.
By the Lord Deputy.
According to the Council's letters dated at Nonsuche, 13 July
1589,* these are to require you to see Herbert AVood restored
again in the place he formerly had in the office of the Ordnance ;
his pay to begin from 2 February last.
Note in the 'margin : " A warrant for the placing and
entering of an armorer in his former state, 24 May 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
May 27. 12. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR JOHN PERROT.
Vol. 618, p. i'ia. . For the favours showed me in the time of your government
here, as also since that time continued in the place where you
now live, which by several letters from Mr. Vice-Chamberlain,
my wife, and others I daily understand, I cannot show iny.self
sufficiently thankful. The continuance of my horsemen in
sterling pay is by her Majesty chiefly referred to your Honour
to consider. I beseech you to favour me and my poor men.
The proceedings of the government here you are advertised of
from here by the State, and also by particular friends, your old
followers. I am unwilling to be too busy to censure of mat-
ters that do not appertain to me ; yet if you wish it, I will
furnish you with such occurrants as this place will afford ; but
whatsoever I shall write, I humbly crave it may be suppressed.
Dublin, 27 May 1 589. " Per Jonas Q[u]arreles. :>
Copy. P. 1.
* If this date be correct, the date of the warrant must be 1 590.
6 *
CAREW MSS.
1589.
May 27. 13. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (SIR
Vol. eis, p. 22. THOMAS HENEAQE).
According to your Honour's advice I have written letters of
thanks to Sir John Perrott. I thank you for furtherance of
my wife in my suits. " As for that which her Majesty makes
stay of in respect of my youth, it is a thing incident to my office
both here and in all other places, and no rare matter in martial
governments for men of my years to be placed in that room."
The greatest cause that moves me to desire it is to remember
the Deputy and Council of things necessary to be done in her
Majesty's service that appertaineth to my office, which for
want of knowledge in their proceedings I cannot do. In
my last letters I wrote one untruth, which was my Lord
Deputy's going into Connough, wherein he deceived more than
myself. He has since made a journey upon McMahone. Agree-
ment made between O'Neale and the Earl of Tyrone. Com-
missioners, all of the long robe, were sent into Connough,
to compound a peace with the rebels, who are nearly 3,000
strong. Sir Richard Bingham, for want of soldiers, was
enforced to erect sundry companies of footmen of this country
birth, one of the which was overthrown, and two others could
not be brought to fight. The 2nd of next month my Lord
Deputy goeth in person to that province, in hope to establish a
peace; for the rebels pretend not their hostility for malice
that they bear unto her Majesty, but for particular dislikes that
they conceived against Sir Richard Bingham.
I beseech you let me know whether Ireland doth breed
anything that may please the fancies of your Honour and my
Lady.
Dublin, 27 May 1589. " Per Jonas Quareles."
Copy. Pp. 2.
May 28. 14. WARRANT by LORD DEPUTY FITZ WILLIAM to SIR GEORGE
Vol. 618, p. 84a. CAREW.
To have in readiness his " other ten horsemen yet here
remaining " to attend the Lord Deputy into Conaght on the
2nd of June.
Dublin, 28 May (year omitted).
Copy. P.I.
June 2. 15. COMMISSION to [SiB GEORGE CAREW and others].
VoL 618, p. 86. By the Lord Deputy.
Whereas by an accompt of Jaques Wyngfyld, late Master
of the Ordnance, passed in 1575, certain ordnance were then
remaining in Connaught, these are to authorize you to
examine and inquire whether the said ordnance be yet re-
maining, or how many have been to any other place translated ;
and to return us a certificate, under your hands or the hand
ELIZABETH. 7
1589.
of any of you, of the said ordnance, or any other ordnance in
the said province.
2 June 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
June 19. 16. COMMISSION from the LOKD DEPUTY to SIB GEORGE
Vol. eis, p. ssa. CAREW.
Repair to that part of Tomond upon the sea where some of
the Spanish fleet perished, and where there are certain pieces
of ordnance meet to be recovered, carrying with you artificers
and setting forth boats and other necessaries.
19 June 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
June 20. 17. ARTICLES of PEACE made with the BURKES and
Vol. 600, p. 239. O'FLARTIES.
" Whereas Sir Moroughe ne Doe O'Flartie, knight, chief of
his name, William Burke, alias the Blind Abbot, eldest of
the Low Burkes, Eduiond Burke McThomas Evagherie, Mey-
ler Oge Me Walter Faddo Burke, David O'Dowde, chief of his
name, Hughe Duffe McMoroghe O'Flartie, Shane McMorice,
Walter McTibott, alias McTibott, Shane McThomas, Tibott
Rooghe McTibott McGibbon, Jonocke O'Donell, Edmond
McTibott, Robert O'Mayle, Walter Kittaghe Burke, Walter
ne Mully, Teg Roe O'Mayle, and Dualtaghe O'Connor, of the
sept of O'Connor Dun, being the chief and principal of such
as lately entered into action of rebellion in the co. of Mayo
and in the country of Ireconaght, the most of them brought
into Galway, against the coming of us the Lord Deputy
thither, by the Lord Primate, the Lord Bishop of Meath, Sir
Robert Dillon, and Sir Thomas Lestrange, knights, commis-
sioners appointed for that service, have at Galway aforesaid,
the 12th of this June 1589, in the body of St. Nicholas'
church, exhibited to the Right Hon. Sir William Fitz William
Knight, Lord Deputy, and the Council there present, upon
their knees, their humble submission " (which is quoted at
length). Upon which submission, we, the Lord Deputy and
Council, with their full consent, concluded, ordained, and
agreed in manner and form following:
(1.) That every sept shall deliver in pledges for observation
of the peace.
(2.) That the said confederates shall disperse their forces.
(3.) They shall forthwith deliver to the Lord Deputy such
Spaniards, Portugalls, and other foreigners of the Spanish
fleet as are now amongst them."
(4.) To make satisfaction of all spoils and hurts done by
them since 30 May last.
(5.) To abide such order for all preys, spoils, and other hurts
as shall be agreed upon by commissioners.
; CAREW MSS.
1580.
(G.) To pay such fine as the Lord Deputy shall lay down.
(7.) All which being performed, they shall have her Majesty's
general pardon.
At Galway, 20 June, 31 Eliz., in the presence of the Arch-
bishop of Tuam, the Earl of Clanricarde, the Bishop of Kildare,
the Bishop of Elfin, the Bishop of Kilmacoghe, the Lord
Birmingham, the Lord of Trimellston, the Baron of Donkellin,
Sir Hubert Burke McDavye, the Mayor and Aldermen of
Galway, and others.
Signed : John Armachan., Tho. Midensis, Robert Dillon,
Lucas Dillon, George Bourchier, Tho. Lestrange, Geoffrey
Fenton, William Burke the Blind Abbot's mark, Sir Moroghe
ne Doe O'Flartie's mark, and others.
" Subscribed by the parties within named, and solemnly
sworn upon the Holy Evangelist, as well for the performance
of the peace and all and every the articles within contained,
as for their loyalties and duties to her Majesty henceforth, and
for payment of her Majesty's composition money, in the pre-
sence of those whose names are underwritten."
Signed : W. Tuamen., U. Clanricarde, &c., &c.
Signed at the commencement by Sir Wm. FytzWyttiam,
Lord Deputy.
Copy in Carew's hand. Pp. 4. Endorsed : Published in
the Court House of Galway, 28 (sic) of June 1589.
June 22. 18. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR WILLIAM FixzWiLLiAM,
Vol. 6 is, p. as. Lord Deputy General.
Since our coming hither, being so weakly appointed both in
skilled men and means, we have spent our time to good pur-
pose, for already we have weighed three pieces of artillery
of brass (dimensions stated). Yesterday we fastened our
haullsers to a cannon of battery or basalyke, as we suppose by
the length, for they lie at four fathom and a half of water ;
which was so huge that it brake our cables. Our diver was
nearly drowned, but Irish aqua vitce hath such virtue as I
hope of his recovery. If the diver of Dublin with his instru-
ments were here, 1 would not doubt to bring good store of
artillery from hence ; for if I be not deceived, out of our boats
we did plainly see four pieces more. As yet I cannot find any
small pieces of bra3s or iron. I think the inhabitants of this
country have gotten them. Our boats are weak. Sir Thomas
Strange's boat would do us good service, for we think to lade
it away with ordnance, two of our boats being already loaden.
Command some victuallers of Galway to bring us beer and
bx-ead ; and an oyster dredge or two, in hope to scrape some-
what out of the seas.
Dunnemore, 22 June 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
ELIZABETH.
1589.
June 23. 19. The LORD DEPUTY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 39a. I am glad of your success in the action you have in hand.
I have dealt with Sir Thomas Le Strange for the sending of
his boat to you. Victuals shall be despatched hence at this
next tide. The diver of Dublin, if you think he may do good
there, shall repair to you with all speed. The inhabitants of
those parts have doubtless recovered the small pieces.
23 June 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
July 1. 20. The COUNCIL in ENGLAND to SIR WILLIAM FITZ-
VoJ. eos, P . 88. WILLIAM, Lord Deputy.
Requesting him, according to the tenour of her Majesty's
letters, dated 1 February 1587[-8], to admit Sir George
Carew to the Mastership of the Ordnance, vacant by the
attainder and conviction of Sir William Stanley.
From the Court at Nonsuche, 1 July 1589.
Signed : Chr. Hatton, cane. ; W. Burghley ; A. Warwick ;
James Croft ; T. Heneage ; Fra. Walsingham.*
Contemp. copy. P. 1.
Vol. eos, p. 130. 2. Another copy.
" This is a true copy. W. FytzWylliam."
July 8. 21. POPE SIXTUS V. to DERMOND McCRAGHE, Bishop of
Vol. 6 17, p. 293. Cork.f
Brief, empowering him to absolve all ecclesiastical persons
in his diocese, who, though formerly heretics and not holding
their benefices by lawful title, have unduly received ecclesias-
tical revenues, and to compound for the restitution of the same
to the churches from which the}' were derived. Also to grant
dispensations to persons who have married within the pro-
hibited degrees of consanguinity.
Rome, 8 July 1589, 5 pont.
Copy. Latin. Pp. 2.
July 25. 22. WARRANT by the LORD DEPUTY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 61?, p. 86. Whereas we intend to repair into Connaught and Thomond,
taking our way by Limerick, and to be at Kylkeny upon
Monday night, 1 1 August, we require you to send your 30
horsemen to attend us, and to meet us at the bridge of
Laughlyn the said day.
Castle of Dublin, 25 July 1589.
* The substance of this document is given, but without the date, in Mr. Mor-
rin's Pntent and Close Rolls, VoL II., p. 168.
f " By the I'ope's donation " is added in the margin by Carew.
10 CAREW MSS.
1589.
We command all her Majesty's officers, ministers, and
subjects to provide for your said company sufficient horsemeat
and man's meat for one night and a breakfast in each one
place, for which they are to deliver ready money or else the
officer's bill.
Copy. P. 1.
July 27. 23. DALLAWAYE to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 84a. " Since my coming into the North I have learned that there
are two Spaniards and a Scottish captain come over to weigh
the ordnance in the Routt ; and it is reported that there is
great store of gold and silver there ; and that the Spaniards
and Scottish captain hath brought the King of Scots' letters
for their better aid to Anguishe McConnell and to Sorleboy ;
but that is a thing uncertain to me but by report, but for
certain the men are in the Routt, and purpose to proceed in
the matter. I thought it good to acquaint your Worship
withal, for that your Wo. had some conference with me in
that matter."
In the margin: "From Auncyent Dallawaye, the 27 of
July 1589."
Copy. P. 1.
July 30. 24. SIR HENRY BAGNALL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 84. My most worthy, good Uncle, I long to* hear of the safe
arrival of your best comfort. If she be come, let her know
that there is no artillery left at Dunluce to draw you from her
The King of Scots, as I hear say, sent for the same, and at
tirst they did weigh two great pieces. I am sure they have
all, and are gone. The troubles between the Earl and Shane's
sons doth increase mightily, and I think when the nights
grow long they will do much harm; and, under colour of
them, many other do start out to make spoil Heartiest
commendations to yourself and good Mr. Delves and all his
household."
30 July 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
Aug. 1. 25. LORD DEPUTY FITZ WILLIAM to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 39a. Albeit I have written that you and certain of your horse-
men should attend me this journey into Conagh, I counter-
mand my former letters. You are to be employed in bringing
hither ordnance from Chester, and in other her Highness's
service.
1 August 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
ELIZABETH.
11
1589.
Aug. 1.
VoL 618, p. 84.
Aug. 1.
Vol. 618, p. 84.
Aug. 5.
Vol. 618, p. 22a.
Aug. 9.
Vol. 618, p. 24.
26. COMMISSION from the LORD DEPUTY to SIR GEORGE
CAREW.
Repair to that part of Ulster upon the sea where some of
the Spanish fleet perished, and where there are certain pieces
of ordnance meet to be recovered, carrying with you artificers,
and setting forth boats and other necessaries.
Kilmainham, 1 August 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
27. COMMISSION from the LORD DEPUTY to CAPTAIN
THORNTON.
Whereas we have appointed Sir George Carewe, Master of
the Ordnance, to repair presently over into England for the
safe bringing hither of such store and proportion of ordnances
and munition of her Majesty's as are now remaining at
Chester, we command you to furnish and set in good readi-
ness her Majesty's gaily on, called The Popingay, to attend the
said Master of the Ordnance, not only to Chester, but, upon
your return, into Ulster, to recover certain Spanish ordnance
there wrecked.
Kylmaynham, 1 August 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
28. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY.
I pray your pardon that I did not certify you of the
return of the Queen's ship, with the arrival both of munition
and money, by the last messenger that my Lord Chancellor *
sent to you. According your directions, I did entreat to go
northwards ; but Captain Thorneton, until he hear from your
Lo. again, is desirous to stay, being commanded, as he saith, by
the Lord Admiral f not to fail to be at Chester the 24th of this
month. I have received a letter from Sir Henry Bagnall,
dated three or four days before I departed this realm ; by
the copy whereof you may perceive what the Scots have done
at Dunluce in July last, about the time of your being in
Connaught ; yet those pieces that be under the water I
presume are there still. Sir Walter Raleigh hath sent a ser-
vant to pray me to come to him, which I would very gladly
do, but will not depart from hence until you have returned
answer to my Lord Chancellor.
Dublin, 5 August 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
29. LORD BURLEIGH to SIR GEORGE CABEW.
For that upon the decease of Mr. Wingfilde, late Master of
the Ordnance, there were no perfect remains taken of her
* Adam Loftus, Archbishop of Dublin
f Lord Howard of Effingham.
12 CAREW MSS.
1589.
Majesty's stores, and his administrators have procured and
called upon the furthering and finishing of his accompts ;
send over hither such of the said remains as you have,
as well for Dublin as for other places, and also the book
of the issue of the store for one year after Mr. Wingfeld's
decease. And for that it is thought you took new remains of
the store in June or July 1588, when yourself arrived there
with the Lord Deputy that DOW is, you shall do well likewise
to send over the same. Make due search and inquiry where
all ordnance that remained upon the determination of
Mr. Wingfild's accompt for Michaelmas 1575, and all ord-
nance received sithens, now rest and are placed.
9 August 1589.
Note in Careivs hand : " Delib' per Chapman/'
Copy. P. 1.
Aug. 24. 30. LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 26. " This day, Sir George, I received your letter of the 1 6th of
this month by this bearer, the pursuivant, being glad of your
and my Lady your wife's arrival in good safety, together
with her Majesty's treasure and munition. I would that the
Lord Admiral had not written unto Captain Thorneton for his
repair to Chester ; so might he have gone with you about the
ordnance by Dunluce, which I heard of by Surleboy, and
likewise from Captain Henshewe, was assayed by some out of
Scotland to be wayed, but left still in the water." Take with
you 50 of Mr. Marshal's footmen, and the two half bands
which be already at Knockfargus, and Mr. Warren's 20 horse-
men from the Ardes, in your way thitherwards, providing
cables and other things either out of your office or by the
help of the Lord Chancellor in Dublin. At Knockfargus you
will obtain great boats and casks. "As I am sorry for one
respect you shall want the use of her Majesty's ship, so am I,
on the young, fair lady's behalf, glad that it goeth to Chester,
assuring you, my good knight, I had rather bear the charge of
the weighing of the ordnance than that she should be so much
as afraid of a pirate ; much more that any pirate should carry
such a jewel awa)'." I trust on Tuesday, the 26th, to be
towards Galway ; praying I may be remembered to my good
Lady your wife, though not acquainted with her.
Ennis, 21 August 1589.
P.S. If there be any other matter needful more than
the commission herewith sent, the Lord Chancellor will give
you the same.
Note. " This letter I [Carew] received at Lysmore, Sir
Walter Ralighe being present, the 26th of September 1 589."
Copy. P. 1.
Vol. 613, p. 39a. 2. Another copy of the same, but dated 26 September.
ELIZABETH. 13
1589.
Aug. 25. 31. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR JOHN PERROT.
Vol. GIB, p. 23. For the favours which my wife in my suit hath received at
your hands, I am most bound to you. My Lord Deputy is
now in Connougli to confirm his late peace made with the
Burkes. O'Rorwke, in his beggarly fashion a proud prince,
stands upon great terms. Since the death of McMahon, Hugh
Hoe, his brother, by the Lord Deputy and Council was made
captain of the country ; but Bryan McHugh Oge, Lord of the
Dartry, was possessed of the same.* To establish Hugh Roe,
forces of the garrison were sent by the Deputy ; against whom
Bryan armed all that he could make, who, with the help of
the Earl of Tyrone and of McGwj'er, were well-nigh 1,000 men.
But Bryan left the country, and is gone to O'Rorwke, and the
Queen's forces are returned. The sons of Shane O'Neale (for
O'Neale will not seem to be a party) and the Earl of Tyrone
have gathered great forces on either side. The Earl hath twice
of late escaped very hardly.
Dublin, 25 August 1589. " Per Lawles."
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 28. 32. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FITZ\VILLIAM).
Vol. 618, p. 25a. I am grieved that my going into Munster to welcome my
Lord Warden into this kingdom hath so unfortunately fjillen
out that I cannot altogether excuse myself from blame. Your
letter from Innis, in Thomond, dated 24th August, I received
not until the 25th (sic) of this present month, so I supposed you
did not intend to employ me to search for ordnance in the
North ; but I left order with the Clerk of the Ordnance to
perform that service in my absence. I am upon urgent occasions
detained by my Lord Warden, who by no means will let me
depart until his coming to Dublin. I am in fear you will be
offended with my absence.
Lysmore, 28 September 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
Oct. 1. 33. SIR JOHN PERROT to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. C05, p. 137. The bearer hereof, being my man and brewer, has signified
to me that you have much favoured him since my coming from
thence, which I take thankfully. As he is returning thither,
I pray you to continue your goodwill toward him.
York House, 1 October 1589. Signed.
Postscript (unfinished). " I thank you for the news you
wrote unto me. I will do what I can for you touching
your"
P. 1. Addressed. Seed torn off.
Vol. 618, p. sra. 2. Copy of the same.
Note l>y Carew : " Delib' per Hye."
* " Stone " in MS.
14 CAREW MSS.
1589.
Oct. 28. 34. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
VoL eis, p. 23a. Your letters of 9 August I received not until 20 October,
by reason of my being in Munster to make search for her
Majesty's great ordnance. The remain of the stores at Dublin
at the death of my uncle Wingfelde was, by the direction of Sir
John Parrot, surveyed by Mr. Secretary Fen ton and others,
and returned into his hands, with whom it remaineth. The
issue thereof by the Clerk of the Ordnance from that time
until the 1 6th of July following in anno 1588 (which was the
day of the taking my remain) appeareth in bills remaining
in the office. The remain that I took in Dublin is indented
between the Lord Deputy that now is and me. The rest of
the remain, which at my uncle's death were in Limerick,
Cork, Waterford, and Knockfargus, were not taken until my
coming over. The greatest store in Ireland, out of the castle
of Dublin, lieth in Limerick. Ever heretofore a clerk was
allowed to attend that place, but Sir John Perrott, I know not
for what cause, discharged him ; wherefore I procured my
Lord Deputy's letters to Jordan Roche, then mayor, to take
it into his custody. I should either be allowed a clerk there,
or the ordnance should be by sea carried to Cork or Dublin.
The great artillery in this kingdom I have almost thoroughly
examined, having myself ridden to take view thereof in all
parts. This morning I entreated Sir Thos. Cecyll to walk
into the storehouse to see the portion of match which in De-
cember last in " dryfates " came into this land. It is altogether
rotten, having been in Flanders with my Lord of Leicester,
where it took water. Command the officers of the Tower that
we may be supplied in better sort.
Dublin, 28 October 1589. " Per Lawles."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Nov. 12. 35. SIR W[ALTER] RA[LEIGH] to the LORD DEPUTY.
Vol. 618, p. 27. When I was with you I forgat even my chiefest suit that
you would write [to the Queen] in behalf of my cousin Sir
George Carewe, commending his sufficiency to be of the
Council. I showed your letter to her Majesty, who willed me
to entreat you to write a similar letter to herself or Council,
" which also she willed Mr. Dellves by word of mouth to
deliver." You cannob by any favour so much bind me as by
favouring my said kinsman.
London, 12 November 1589.
Note in Carew's hand : " Delib' per G. C."
Copy. P. 1.
Nov. 22. 36. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR WM. FITZWILLIAM, Lord
Vol. 6J8,p.24a. Deputy.
Certificate of munitions to Mr. Treasurer is every half-year
required, but I cannot find any record of established rates
whereby to value them. May it please you (as once heretofore
ELIZABETH.
15
1589.
in Queen Mary's time hath been done) to appoint a rate of
every particular munition.
Dublin, 22 November 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
Dec. 28. 37. SIR WALTEB KALEIGH to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 140. My retreat from the Court was upon good cause. If in
Ireland they think I am not worth the respecting they shall
much deceive themselves. If the Deputy be not as ready to
stead me as I have been to defend him, be it as* it may.
When Sir William Fitz Williams shall be in England, I take
myself far his better, by the honorable offices I hold, as also by
that nearness to her Majesty which still I enjoy. I am willing
to continue towards him all friendly offices, and I doubt not
of the like from him, as well towards me as my friends. I
have been most kindly dealt with by him. For the suits of
Lismore I will shortly send over order from the Queen for a
dismiss of their cavillations. Commend me to Mr. Solicitor,
with many thanks for his friendly dealing therein. For
Hardinge I will send you money by exchange. If my builders
want, supply them. I look for you here this spring, and will
return with you. The Queen thinks that George Carew longs
to see her, and therefore see her.
The 28th of December. Signed.
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed.
Endorsed by Carew: "28th of December 1589."
VoL 618, p. 39. 2. Copy of the same.
Dec. 29. 38. SIR THOMAS HENEAGE to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 143. " Cousin, the last letter I received from yoti I did withal
as you desired me, and as her Majesty commanded me when
herself had read it every word, and that was, I burned it.
The only fault her Highness found was that you did write
no oftener to me." Write nothing but that you know to be
true. Be a diligent servant, and not costly.
From the Court, 29 December 1589. Signed.
VoL 618, p. 37. 2. Copy of the same.
Note by Carew : " Delib' per Garland."
39. To SIB GEORGE CAREW, Master of the Ordnance.
VoL 61 s, p. 85*. Warrant by Lord Deputy Fitz William to see present order
taken with some man of skill for refining 71 barrels of powder,
now unserviceable, at the rate of 2d. ster. the pound.
" Given 1589."
Copy. P. 1.
* Att" in MS.
16 CAREVV MSS.
1589.
40. To SIR THOMAS W[ILLIAMS], Clerk of the Cheque.
Vol. ci8, p. 87. Warrant by Lord Deputy Fitz William to enter in the
cheque rolls the clerk who is to be appointed by the Master
of the Ordnance to take charge of the store of munitions at
Limerick, at ISd. per diem, as heretofore the clerk there hath
been allowed.
Copy, undated.* P. 1.
1590.
Jan. 2. 41. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz-
Voi. eis, P . 26. WILLIAM.)
I hope that by the last occurrants out of England your Lo.
doth assuredly understand whether any invasion be intended
by the King of Spain against this realm. If foreign force be
looked for, it is very requisite that a supply of munitions
should be sent. If it please you, I will send one of my ser-
vants into England to call upon the Council there for a pro-
portion to be brought hither. Write by him for speedy despatch,
for I could never have any servant returned in six months.
Refer the wants to my report, which I will send to my Lord
Treasurer. The treasure being come over, I pray that I may
have your letters to the Treasurer's officers, upon the receipt
of Captain Thorneton's bills, to be satisfied of the 30. which
I lent the Queen to victual her ship into England. In behalf
of my poor gunners and artificers I beseech you to imprest
them somewhat.
Oddor, 2 January 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 10. 42. The LORD DEPUTY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 40. Of the men whom you should have sent hither, there came
only 1 7, and of those more than half single-horsed, and but 3
armed. As the service is likely to continue, send hither a
dozen well horsed and armed, that I may turn home the rest
of your number above 20.
Gal way, 10 January 1589.
Postscript. I have written to my Lord Chancellor that
Hewet shall pay your men 20s. apiece.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 5. 43. The LORD DEPUTY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 618, p. 40. I n a letter of 25 January the Privy Council [in England]
have willed me to deal with you in these words :
" Give order to Sir George Carewe, Knight, Master of the
Ordnance, to cause forthwith to be conveyed from Corck to
Lymeryck such and so many meet carriages for great ordnance
* See No. 34.
ELIZABETH. 17
1590.
as may mount and furnish the four demi-cannons, culverin,
and other pieces remaining there, either wholly dismounted, or
their carriages nothing serviceable ; and you shall likewise
require him forthwith to certify hither unto us how much of
the munition contained in the late certificate sent hither to
me, the Lord Treasurer, is serviceable, and withal that he
cause the thousand calyvers (which he hath signified may be
made fit for service) [to] be with all convenient speed repaired
and amended."
Dated at the Castle, 5 February 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 7. 44. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY.
Vol. 618, p. 27. Yesterday I put you in mind how needful it was that great
care be had that the munition now coming into this realm
should be carefully viewed before it pass the officers' hands of
the Tower. You replied, you thought it too late. By that
branch of the Council's letters which you sent me, it would
seem that as yet the proportion for Ireland is but preparing ;
and I do not understand by any of my friends out of England
that a determined proportion is yet resolved upon. I should
be very willing to post to London to attend this business.
Dublin, 7 February 1589.
The mounting of the great ordnance and stocking of the
calivers may be clone by the clerk of my office as sufficiently
as by myself.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 9. 45. SIR GEORGE CAREW to LADY DRURY.
Vol. 618, p. 27a. A letter of condolence [on the death of Sir William DruryJ.*
Dublin, 9 February 1589. " Per Woodward"
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 10. 46. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR FRANCIS WALSINGHAM.
Vol. 618, p. 27a. I have sent this bearer, iny servant, to attend on the
Council for conduct of the munitions. What munitions are
here in store, &c. I have delivered to my Lord Deputy in
several notes. " The landing of the Spaniards we daily expect,
and hope in God, if we be in any competent manner supplied
with men, munition, and money, to make the like reckoning
of them as my Lord Graye did in his government. For if
they be many in number, and we strong in horsemen (as it is
most likely we shall), hunger will starve them. If they be
but few, our fault is not to be excused if they escape. This
in likelihood will fall unto them if by sea they be kept from
supplies." Once again I beseech you to be a mean that the
poor horsemen may be continued in their former wages.
Dublin, 10 February 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
* Killed in a duel with Sir John Boroughs.
9
18 CAREW MSS.
1590.
Feb. 10. 47. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR JOHN PERROT.
Vol. 618, p. as. Thanks for your letters sent by your poor old servant
Robert Hye. " The daily alarms that we have of the
Spaniards landing begins to breed fresh blood and stir up the
decayed spirits of the garrison here (beforetime, for want
of money, clean overthrown) with a lively hope to finger
some coin, which seldom or never since your being here we
have been accustomed to handle." Our want of money and
munition is very great. " Respecting the small number of
souls that live in Ireland we have great abundance, but three
months' war, if the garrison be increased, as it is here reported,
by 8 or 10 thousand men, will breed a great dearth among
us." The horsemen are greatly decayed by reason that their
wages of 6d. per diem are unable to furnish them like
soldiers. If the Queen's ships carefully keep the coast the
victory must needs be ours. Sir Richard Byngham is now in
the midst of his business in the country of Maio, and his foi'ce
is great ; therefore we hope he will end these troubles very
quickly. All wants in my office I have delivered to the Lord
Deputy under my hand.
10 February 1 589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 19. 48. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the QUEEN.
Vol. 618, p. 28a. I have written to Mr. Vice-Chamberlain (Heneage) what
I know or suppose to be true, as it pleased your Majesty
to command me. I have been of late an earnest suitor to
my Lord Deputy to give me leave to go into England " as well
to behold your sacred Majesty, in whose royal person all
singularities and virtue's absoluteness do abundantly appear,
as to show my thankfulness for your gracious bounties." The
rumour of Spanish invasion denies me that happiness.
Dublin, 19 February 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 19. 49. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR THOMAS HENNADGE.
Vol. 618, p. 28a. Your letters of 29 December I received on 4 February. I
will observe your precepts. We have had many alarms of the
Spaniards' landing, which is daily expected. The garrison,
though small, will prove themselves brave men. The mere
Irish will take part with the strongest, "but those of English
race, and especially the gentlemen of the Pale (although for
the most part throughout the kingdom they be degenerated
and Papists), the Bourcks in Connough, now in action, and
some other loose men of mean quality excepted, will either
tight for the Crown of England or at the least continue
neuters." If the Spaniards land before we be supplied, it
is to be feared a general revolt will ensue. Of munition and
money our wants are very great. Of victuals, a short war
ELIZABETH. 19
1590.
with the increasing of the garrison will breed a dearth. The
best mean that we have to annoy the enemy is our horsemen,
of whom the greater part are not able to keep themselves
furnished. The ships will keep the enemy from supplies
by sea.
Limerick, Waterford, and Cork are now to be fortified.
Cork can hardly or ever be fortified, yet upon the river, to-
wards the sea, many convenient places may be found for
annoying the shipping in their passage towards the town.
I have sent this bearer, my servant, into England to con-
duct the munition assigned for Ireland. I would gladly have
been the messenger myself, as I desire to see her royal person,
" whose presence, more than princely, adorned with incompar-
able virtues, are by the wise rightly and worthily esteemed
the beauty of our age."
Dublin, 19 February 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Feb. 19. 50. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (Sin
Vol. eis, p. 29a. THOMAS HENEAGE).
This last summer you were moved to speak to the Queen
that I might be called to the Council Board in this kingdom.
The Lord Deputy has now written to you to that effect.
Assist me as hitherto. Sir Edward Wa[terhouse] told me
that you wanted a foot-cloth nag, which I will send you.
Dublin, 19 February 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. [19 ?] 51. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
Vol. eis, p. 29a. I send you " the true copies of the remains which after my
coming to the office were taken at sundry times, as that in
Dublin, which remains, indented between my Lord Deputy and
me, [were] delivered into my charge the 16th of July 1588."
The former remain, taken immediately after the death of my
uncle, Wyngfelde, is in Sir John Perrott's custody, delivered
unto him by the surveyors, Sir Geoffrey Fenton and others.
That in Corcke I found in the office appearing upon the
accompt taken of John Fagan, the clerk there, 8 December
1587. The remain at Carrygfergus likewise appears upon the
accompt of the clerk Thomas.
The remain at Lymerick, where I found no clerk in charge,
was taken by Jourden Roche, then mayor, who will no longer
take charge of it without entertainment. I have often made
petition for a clerk there. The issues of the store for one
whole year after my uncle's death I have sent to you. I have
not yet perfected the note of the great ordnance, because in
some remote places no certificates have been returned. The
best store of great artillery, that in Dublin excepted, lies in
B 2
20 CAREW MSS.
1590.
Galwaye and Lymerick upon the ground unmounted, which
for want of elm planks in Ireland cannot be redressed.
Dublin, Feb. 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 20. 52. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
Vol. 618, p. so. I have received from my Lord Deputy a branch of a letter
from the Council.* The ordnance at Lymerick may be
mounted, with some charges in cutting " them"f fit to the pieces
and sending them overland from Corcke. 1,000 calivers are
unserviceable ; only 600 are worth the repairing. Flasks and
touchboxes unto them we have none serviceable ; timber
to stock then), ready seasoned, is not to be had ; neither
sufficient workmen ; for I know not but two in this realm
that have knowledge how to stock a piece. I pray we may be
supplied of these wants. A note of the remain serviceable
in the store, as also a certificate what we want, I have de-
livered to my Lord Deputy. I send my servant to attend
you for conduct of munition. Commonly the worst in the
store is sent to us, as Sir Thomas Cicill can witness. Cause
the Lord Deputy sometimes to imprest me with money. " I.
would undertake, if I had the office planked under foot, framed
in good order, Avell covered, the munitions in it repaired, to
keep it at my own charge ever hereafter at a very small rate."
Sundry things do daily run into decay
Dublin, 20 February 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 20. 53. The LORD DEPUTY (FrrzWiLLiAM) to SIR THOMAS
Vol. ci8, p. soa. HENNADGE.
Sir George Carewe is a gentleman in all respects very well
qualified. The place he holds here of Master of the Ord-
nance has also been accustomed in most of his predecessors
to be graced with the calling of a Councillor. Be a means
that by her Majesty's warrant he may have admission to that
calling.
Castle of Dublin, 20 February 1589. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 20. 54. The LORD DEPUTY to SIR WALTER RALEIGH.
Vol. 618, p. 30a. I find in your cousin Sir George Carewe sufficiency not
only for the calling he now has, but also for a greater. Be a
mean that by her Majesty's warrant he may be admitted to
this Council Board.
Castle of Dublin, 20 February 1589. Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
* See 5 February, No. 43.
f The " carriages" ? See Nos. 43 and 58.
ELIZABETH. 2 1
1590.
Feb. 20. 55. The LORD DEPUTY (FixzWiLLiAM) to the LORD TREA-
Vol. 618, p. 30a. SURER (BURLEIGH).
I crave pardon to recommend the matters and servants
appertaining to the Master of the Ordnance, and pray you to
think of his sufficiency for this Council Board, " being virtu-
ously given, and of judgment beyond his years."
Castle of Dublin, 20 February 1590. " Per Woodward."
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 22. 56. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY.
Vol. ci8, p. si. As certificate of munition to Mr. Treasurer is required
every half-year, please to write to their Lordships, to signify
their pleasures, whether the rates accustomed (the copy
whereof I have sent you enclosed) shall be continued, or
some others established for every particular munition.
Dublin, 22 February 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 28. 57. To the ARCHBISHOP of DUBLIN, Lord Chancellor, and
Vol. eos, p. 88. SIR NICHOLAS WHITE, Master of the Rolls.
Warrant by the Lord Deputy for cancelling the letters
patent granting to Sir Thomas Perrot the office of Master of
the Ordnance, conformably to her Majesty's letter dated
Greenwich, 1 February 1587, directed to Sir John Perrot,
then Deputy.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 28. 58. WARRANT by the LORD DEPUTY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 618, p. 86a. The Privy Council, by their letters of 26 January, have
required us to take order with you, the Master of the Ord-
nance, for the mounting of the four demi-cannons and other
artillery at Lymerick, and also for the transporting overland
of meet carriages and wheels for the same from Corcke thither.
Imprest and take up, as well within liberties as without, one
gunner, one carpenter, one wheelwright, one smith, and one
engineer, with a convenient number of men to help and assist
them in the execution of the premises, at the usual wages ;
and also to take up iron, timber, rope, and other things,
paying ready money to the owners.
The last of February 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
March 6. 59. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (Sm
Vol. eis, p. si. THOMAS HENEAGE).
I wrote to you about 20 February. The coming of the
Spaniards is no less expected. In Connaught Sir Richard
9 *
22
CAREW MSS.
1590.
VoL 618, p. Sla.
Byngham has killed the Blind Abbot, the chief of the Burckes,
whom they called Me William, and other men of note ; where-
upon the galloglasses and the greatest number of the Burckes
submitted.
Dublin, 6 March 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
March 9. 60. SIB GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz WILLIAM).
The master of a ship of London has arrived at Waterford
with munition powder, lead, and match in unequal pro-
portions. This should be remedied in the next supply. He
has brought 1,000 muskets and 1,000 armours, but makes no
mention of any raorrians to the muskets, or pikes or halberds
to the armours, with which we cannot be supplied in this
kingdom. Have consideration for the increase of the number
of gunners and artificers within the office of the Ordnance, as
there are only eight, " besides four already placed at the forts,
' and but single manned in every needful art belonging to the
office."
Dublin, 9 March 1589.
" Pikes and halberts I can supply out of the storehouse in
Dublin to furnish 500 armed men, but morians in the store I
have not any."
Copy. P. 1.
61. LORD DEPUTY FITZ WILLIAM to the MAYORS of WATER-
FORD, CORK, and LIMERICK.
Whereas I have written to you for assisting this bearer,
Sir George Carewe, with three several sums of money (100.
in all), to be allowed in the next accompt of the impost and
customs ; lest upon the uncertainty of satisfaction that way
you should grow doubtful to supply his want, these are to
require you to help him with those sums ; and if not out of the
impost and customs, they shall be repaid out of her Majesty's
treasure.
11 March 1589.
Copy. P.I.
March 11.
Vol. 618, p. 40.
March 13. 62. LORD DEPUTY FrrzWrLLiAM to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 618, p. 40a. Upon your repair to Waterford, Corck, and Lymeryck,
cause 200 baskets to be made in each of those towns, of the
manner and fashion set down by Mr. Edmond Yorcke. They
must be portable for a man ; and the handle (?)* in the top
'vundle" in MS.
1590.
ELIZABETH.
23
must be of strong leather to be cast about the bearer's neck.
Also in each of the said towns have 200 other ordinary baskets
made, as they are necessary for the fortifications in hand.
13 March 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
March 14. 63. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Fixz WILLIAM).
Vol. 618, p. 3ia. If m y purse hold out I will see the contents of your letter
satisfied. The number of baskets that Mr. Yorcke demands
of all sorts is 1,200, which at 4cZ. each will cost 20Z. Cause
Charles Huett to furnish me with more than I asked for.
" If Mr. Yorcke were well acquainted with Ireland he would
never go about to break the ancient custom of this realm,
to collar a churl in leather whose ancestors have from the
beginning been followers to the wythe." I will therefore
attire the baskets in their right kinds.
KyllcoUen, 14 March 1589.
Write a letter to all the three mayors and command them
to get me workmen for these baskets.
Copy. P. 1.
March 17. 64. The LORD DEPUTY to the MUSTER MASTER and CLEBK
Vol. eis, p. 86. of the CHEQUE.*
Whereas there is arrived at her Majesty's store at Water-
forde a great proportion of armours, muskets, and other
munitions, which without good keeping will fall into decay,
we have thought it requisite that one armourer and his man
(at 9d. and 6d. ster. per diem) should be appointed by the
Master of the Ordnance. These are to require you to make
due entry in the cheque rolls.
17 March 1589.
Copy. P. 1.
March 21. 65. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FiTzWiLLiAM).
Vol. 618, p. 32. "Upon Sunday last in the afternoon I came to this super-
stitious city of Waterford, where ever since until this hour I
have been busied in unlading the munition. House room
convenient, with much ado for reasonable rent, I have gotten,
in the which all things be placed. The armours and muskets
with the air of the salt water are cankered with rust, and
much impaired and broken." While they remain here in store
an armourer with his man should be waged at 9d. and 6d. per
diem. Of basket-makers I have found but two. If Mr. Yorck
* " Sir T. K." in MS., in mistake for " Sir T. W," i.e. Sir Thomas Williams.
24
CAREW MSS.
1590.
requires more haste, send two or three workmen from Dublin
that make " clyffes," to instruct others. At Corcke I shall
have the like want. I have bought 60 hand-bankets sent
hither by Sir John Perrot out of the store to carry " ode."
" The 19th of this present a barque came into this river out
of Bry ttayne. The news it bringe[th] is a continuance of the
great preparation in Spain, but whether be for England,
Ireland, or Bry ttayne uncertain, but most like, as the}' think,
both for England and Ireland."
Waterford, 21 March 1589.
" Mr. Mayor of this town is informed that Spaniards are
already landed at Smerweeke, but the reporters are not of
any credit."
Copy. P. 1.
March 23. 66. SIR THOMAS HFNEAGE to Sra GEORGE CAREW, Master
Vol. 605, p. 117. of the Ordnance in Ireland.
Another and a better occasion will bring you a longer letter
from me. The last I received from you, being sick at my
house, I sent to her Majesty, with whom I have since dealt,
but can get no resolution for placing you as you desire and
are fit. I hope in time to bring it to pass with the help of
Sir John Perrot, who has promised his aid.
At the Court, 23 March 1 589.
Holograph. P. 1.. Addressed : To my very good cousin, &c.
Vol. eis, p. 37a. 2. Copy of the same.
March 30. 67. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz WILLIAM).
Vol. 618, p. 32. Upon Monday, the 22nd, I left Waterforde. I have been
here in Corcke six days. The occasion of my stay so long
has been want of garrons. If my instructions were not to
carry the carriages overland, I would have sent them by
sea. The occupation that Mr. Yorcke has put me to greatly
troubles me.
Corke, 30 March 1589 (1590 ?).
Before I depart from Lymerick, send your pleasure what
shall be done with the brass ordnance that I brought to
Galway this last summer. I have no means for mounting
them.
Copy. P. 1.
March 30. 68. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
VoL6is,p. 32. On the 19th I received of Henry Cripps, shipmaster, the
Last proportion of munition, but not altogether in the same
nature as he did receive it by indenture with Sir Robert
Constable. I received cannon corn-powder instead of fine
corn-powder. The match and lead were very unequally
ELIZABETH. 25
1590.
proportioned, for the soldier is to have lead and match of
other than* equal weight to his powder. The 1,000 Hand-
borough and Flanders corslets can never be issued to the
garrison, as they are badly shaped and rotten. They were,
as I think, of Sir Thomas Gressam's providing, and should be
returned to the Tower. I also received 1 ,000 muskets complete,
which are very excellent good, but not a morian, which is an
great a want as \ve have any ; neither to the 1,000 corslets
either pike or halbert, which things we cannot be supplied of
in this kingdom.
Not long since I sent one of my men to attend your Lord-
ship and the rest of their Lordships for a supply of munitions.
30 March 1590. " Per Skyddye de Corke."
Copy. P. 1.
May 2. 69. The LORDS of the COUNCIL to certain COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 605, p. 153. A letter lately came to her Majesty's hands, supposed to
be written from Sir John Perrott, of the Privy Council, to
the King of Spain, importing a foul and disloyal intent in
Lin:. This letter, as is supposed, was had from one Sir Denis
O'Roughan, priest, now or late prisoner within the Castle of
Dublin, who, with one Henry Birde, was formerly detected and
condemned in the Castle Chamber before the Council and
others there for counterfeiting Sir John Perrot's hand to three
warrants whilst he was Governor there, containing also very
bad matter. As her Majesty thinks that it is a malicious
practice, she has commanded us to require you to take
into custody the said Sir Denis O'Roughan, and examine him
for bolting forth of the truth. Interrogatories are sent here-
with. We authorize you to commit into safe custody any
person whom you shall find to be an actor or culpable in this
matter. After the examination, send him hither to us by her
Majesty's pursuivant sent over for the purpose.
From the Court at Greenwich, 2 May 1590.
Signed : John Cant,,t Christopher Hatton, W. Burghley,
[W.] Cobham, Tho. Buckhurste, Fra. Knowles, James Croftes,
Fra. Walsingham, John Forteskue.
Addressed : To the Lords [Bishops] of Meath and Laughlen,
Sir Lucas Dillon, Sir Nicholas "Whyte, Sir Ed. Waterhouse,
Sir Ed. Moore, Justice Walshe, and Mr. Calthorpe.
Copy. PX\ 2. Endorsed.
May 8. 70. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (Sm
Vol. 6i8, p. 33. THOMAS HENEAGE).
I have received your letters, and think you for being so
mindful of my causes.
* " ether theym," in MS.
f John Whitgyft, Archbishop of Canterbury.
26 CAREW MSS.
^ . . _
1590.
" Upon Easter Tuesday last* it was my ill hap to be sent for
amongst others by the Lord Deputy (to what purpose until
ail was done I knew not), to be at the hearing of certain
speeches which he used to a lewd priest before certain Com-
missioners that were appointed out of England to examine
him upon certain causes concerning Sir John Perrot. Truly
I do protest unto your Honour, before the Majesty of God,
that if I had known of the cause then in handling I would
not have been present at it ; for in causes of such weight, and
especially when they concern my honorable friends and
superiors, I have no liking to intermeddle myself in them."
Excuse me to Sir John Perrot.
" The words that his Lordship used were very temperate,
not once naming, as far as I remember, either man or matter,
but for the most part his speech tended to his own justification,
that he. never practised with the priest, but willed him to say
the truth without fear of any man, but no more."
Cork,f 8 May 1590.
Copy. P. I.
May 9. 71. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN.
Vol. 618, p. 33. Among your advertisements how I should demean myself in
this kingdom one was, that I should, in all things, be a profitable
servant. That I am not unmindful of your precepts may be
witnessed by that which I have lately done, as may appear by
a note under my hand given to the Lord Deputy (Fitz William)
to be sent to their Lordships (the Privy Council) to consider
of, where you shall find that the issue of the munitions to the
army doth advantage the Queen almost in every 400. issued
100. gain, above the rates delivered to their Lordships by the
officers of the Tower and sent hither. I could do her Majesty
acceptable services, if I were better established in my office.
" This last Easter holidays I came out of Munster from
mounting the artillery at Limerick, which place with small art
may be made impregnable. The opinion of the merchants
there, as also in Waterford and Cork, is, the Spaniards will
not visit us, in whom (being so much Spanish) small credit is
to be reposed." The forces and munition sent hither have
confirmed the inconstant and rebellious disposition of this
nation, and no revolt will take place even if the enemy land.
" Here goeth a report that the enemy meaneth first to land
in this river, and so presently to make his approach to the
city. How he may do it with his great vessels I cannot
imagine, St. George's Channel being so full of shoals as it is,
and his small bottoms cannot carry many men, neither yet
* 24 April.
f The words " from Corke " are in Carew's own hand, but the two following
letters, written the next day, are dated at Dublin.
ELIZABETH. 27
1590.
. will they put them to adventure before they have placed the
great shipping in safety for a retreat/' Almost all our forces
have been sent into Munster, where it is supposed the enemy
will land. He will be forced to fight at every strait ; or, if he
lie intrenched, he must content himself with his ship fare,
for fresh victuals will be kept from him.
The 1,300 footmen lately sent over, who came very ill-
furnished, and the 600 erected in this kingdom, have altoge-
ther emptied the serviceable munitions that were at Dublin
in store. Hereof I have written to my Lord Treasurer and
the Lord Deputy.
Dublin, 9 May 1590. " Per Skyddye de Corke."
My Lord Deputy means to keep 400 soldiers which are now
in the town. He once had appointed them garrison places,
but his determination is altered, I think for the best.
Copy. P. 1.
May 9. 72. SIB GEORGE CABEW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
Vol. 618, p. 33a. From Cork on 30 March I advertised you of the receipt of a
proportion of munition brought to Waterford from the Tower
of London by one Crypps, master of The White Hart. I have
transported the carriages overland from Cork to Limerick,
and mounted all the artillery there, and built a house to keep
it in. My servant James Woodward, whom long since I sent
into England for munition, I beseech you to despatch hither.
Our greatest store, of six lasts, is .at Waterford. At Dublin,
by reason of the late rebellion in Connaught, we have not
above two lasts. These eight lasts go very fast. Of all habi-
liments of war we need supply.
At my return to Dublin I received of my Lord Deputy the
rates of the munitions sent over by the Privy Council, noted
in some places in the margin with your Lordship's hand, after
what rate the same shall be issued to the garrison. I found
that her Majesty would be a great loser thereby, of which I
informed my Lord Deputy. I send you a note respecting the
prices of the munitions.
Dublin, 9 May 1590. " Per packet per Baptist."
Copy. P. 1.
May 10. 73. SIR JOHN PERROT on TANISTSHIPS.
VoL 616, p. 116. Reasons to move your Lordships (the Privy Council) to cut
away the Captainries and Tanisthips used among the
mere Irishry, to the end that the seignories of the Irish
lords should descend from father to son, according to
the common laws of England.
(1.) The seignories of many of the Irish lords are as big as
shires in England. They have always chosen within them-
selves the most ancient and warlike man to be the chief of
28 CAREW MSS.
1590.
that name and seignory, who levied imposts for his own
maintenance, and for that of his kearn, galliglas, and shot. In
such countries the Queen's writs and processes were not
current, nor any rent paid her. In some few of late years
they would give to the Deputy for his goodwill a reward of
200 or 300 kine to confirm such elections, but the Queen
never had anything. Two and sometimes three were elected,
which bred war amongst themselves, and he that was the
weakest commonly obtained aid of the Deputy.
(2.) Owing to the captainries and tanistships it was necessary
to maintain soldiers to defend the Pale from the daily incur-
sions and spoils made by the O'Reylies, the O'Farralls,
McMahon's country, the McGwires, the captains of Dartrie,
the Fewes, Ferny, the O'Hanlens, and others, who did not
care what evil they did, for they were sure their children,
commonly bastards, would not have their seignories till all
the rest of the eldest and worthiest of the house were sped.
(3.) Sir Henry Sidney made a law, 1 1 Eliz., to cut off all
captainries and seneschalships, except those granted by letters
patents. The exception was mischievous, for it is all one
whether the Deputy or the Irish name the captain.
(4.) Finding this Act produced 110 reformation, Sidney
made another in 12 Eliz., authorizing the Deputy to grant
letters patents to the Irishry tkat would surrender their lands
to her Highness, and have the same granted back to them in
fee tail or fee simple.
(5.) In the time of my government I was commanded to
take surrenders of such Irish lords as would make surrenders
to her Majesty of their seignories, and to grant the same
back again to the same lords and their heirs male or heirs
general. I persuaded Sir John O'Reyly, Sir Rosse McMahon,
Sir Oho O'Hanlen, Sir Cooner McGwyre, Shane McBriean,
Neale Oge McFelem, Sir Con McNeale Oge, Sir John
O'Doherty, the captain of Killwarlen, O'Connor Sligoe,
O'Connor Done, Sir Brian O Rowrke, Sir Murragh ne Doe,
Agnus McConell, the Lord of Can tire, O'Moloye, and many
other lords to do so, and reserved from them about 2,000.
annual rent to the Crown, besides risings-out of sundry horse-
men and footmen, and other customs. The escheat of their
lands will fall to the Crown, with ward, marriage, and relief,
as in England. I lost near 1,000?. in preferring the public
good to receiving cows for making captains and seneschals,
placing in their stead shreves, justices of the peace, and other
officers, whereby peace was secured. Many of the great lore's
came to Dublin to take their leaves at my departure.
(6.) All this tends to prove that the surrendering of their
land, and taking the same back again, must breed quietness,
obedience, and profit. Love to their children will make them
fearful to offend the laws, and desirous to build houses,
purchase lands, and grow wealthy. I wrote a pamphlet about
10 or 12 years past upon this subject.
ELIZABETH. 29
1590.
n. " For [Fergus ?] O'Farrell's case, whereof question is
made."
The O'Farrolles never enrolled the indenture between them-
selves and Sir Henry Sydney. They never surrendered their
lauds according to the covenant made 20 years past, but held
them by the tanist and captainry granted by Sydney. A the
indenture ties none but such as be living, I doubt much
whether the grant to Mr. Malby be good or not. It is cove-
nanted in Sydney's indenture that the Lord Deputy may grant
an estate to them and their heirs of such lands as they will
surrender. In the grant made by me I have performed that
covenant, so that all who allege that I have varied from the
said covenant are much deceived, and I am greatly misused in
the report of the Deputy's letters. I see no cause why the
rest of the O'Farrolls, now living and privy to the indenture,
may not surrender their lands, as O'Farroll Bane and Feaghney
O'Farroll have done, notwithstanding anything in my patent
to the said Faghney.
" Where they say that the said O'Farroll Bane, who surren-
dered 1m lands at one time with the said Faghny O'Farrell,
being the greater lord of both, against whom nothing is said,
and the said Feighny, with the rest of the O'Farrells, do pay
200. ster. yearly to her Majesty; the}'- pay the said 200?. sterling
now to Malbye, but the same is gotten with great difficulty,
for I made many wan-ants whilst I governed there (by com-
mandments hence) to the sheriffs to distrain them with force
for the payment thereof, and they got from her Majesty above
500 marks yearly, when they granted to pay her Majesty the
foresaid 200L sterling ; for the O'Farrells were bound to find
her Majesty 200 galliglas for a certain time ; whereby her
Majesty got nothing by that covenant, but lost."
Feaghney was appointed captain by Sydney, and was after-
wards to become seneschal of his country, but I never thought
fit to perform that covenant. No captain or seneschal should
ever be appointed in that country, because they have justices,
sheriffs, and other officers.
Fergus has no reason to find himself grieved, as Keadagh
is before him ; nor either of them, so long as Faghny O'Farroll
is alive.
To find faults with my letters patents [to Faghny] would be
a dangerous example. When they were issued, we could not
get a sight of the said indenture, which was consequently
exempted from their influence.
The lands appertaining to the captainry of O'Farrell Boyc
are not above five plough-lands.
Pp. 5. Endorsed : " 10 Maij 1590. Sir John Perrott's
opinion touching the difference between the surrender of
lands and the tanistship, captainship, and seneschals ; as also
concerninjr the O'Farrells' cause."
30 CAREW MSS.
May 18. 74. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Fixz WILLIAM).
Vol. 605, p. 155. Headed in Carew' s hand: <f A letter from Sir G. C. to
the Lord Deputy touching Sir John Perrott and Dennis
O'Rowghan ; which letter was required by the Lord Deputy,
but Sir G. Carew would not deliver it unto him."
" Whereas you required me for ray better memory to put in
writing the speeches that your Lordship used to Sir Denis,
the priest, upon Easter Tuesday last, at the which time your
Honour delivered him to the Commissioners to be examined,"
I do truly testify the same.
Immediately after your Lordship in the withdrawing
chamber in the Castle of Dublin had read a letter from the
Lords, you called for the priest, who was brought into the
chamber by Mr. Shellton, your servant, and to whom you ad
dressed your speeches. You declared to him that by direction
from the Privy Council he must be immediately sent into
England to make declaration there of such matters as he had
informed you withal, and that he should deliver there the
truth of that which he had to say without regard to persons.
" And if in particular," said your Lordship, " thou canst charge
me with any indirect dealing, speak it frankly, and deliver the
same to the Commissioners here present appointed to examine
thee by order out of England." The prisoner then began to
frame a speech to excuse you, which you would not permit, but
willed him, if he could charge you with having induced him
to confess, to tell the same to the gentlemen present. Then
turning to the Commissioners (not taking all of them to be
your friends) you willed them to examine the priest, whom
you committed to them ; and thev immediately departed.
Dublin, 18 May 1590.
At the foot in Carew' s handwriting : " This letter Sir
William FitzWilliam required Sir Henry Harrington and
Sir George Carew to send sealed unto him, but it was never
perfected."
P. 1. Endorsed &?/ C'areiv : "The Copy of a letter that
should have been sent from Sir H. H. and myself to my
L. Deputy, 18 May 1590."
May 22. 75. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FrrzWiLLiAM).
Vol. 618, p. 34. Not long since you sent to me for a certificate, and I re-
paired to you, declaring all my doubts, though ready to do
you service, whereof you made refusal. My imagination of
your dislike is confirmed many ways, and lately by confer-
ence had with Sir Henry Harrington, by whom I perceive
that your Honour is mistaken in my meaning, for I am ready
to perform your will. Pray remove those mistaken conceits.
" There is not any man in this kingdom that was more glad
that the government was laid upon you, or that bent himself
to serve under your Lordship with more love and obedience
ELIZABETH. 31
1590.
than myself, proceeding only from an engrafted affection void
. of servile fear."
" From my house, Dublin," 22 May 1590.
Copy. P. 1.
May 28. 76. MUTINY of ENGLISH SOLDIERS in IRELAND.
Vol. 605, p. 157. " A relation [by Sir George Carcw] of a mutiny of Sir
Thomas Norris his foot company at Dublin, 28 May
1590."
" The 28th of May 1590 the Lord Deputy and Council
assembled together about eight of the clock in the morning,
and sat in Council in the withdrawing chamber in H.M. Castle
of Dublin, to take order for the satisfying of certain soldiers
under the leading of Sir Thomas Norris, to the number of 77,
who the night before came armed with drum and fife to the
town, sending their petition unto the Lord Deputy, being, as
they alleged, unpaid for many months as well for their victual-
ling as for their wages. The Lord Deputy, upon the first
knowledge of their coming, sent Sir Edward Waterhouse and
Mr. Williams, his secretary, unto them, who dealt so effectually
with them that they were content for that night to betake
themselves to their lodgings, so that Sir Edward would give
his word that they should not be apprehended and imprisoned,
which he did, whereupon every one of them went quietly to
his lodging. The next day, being as aforesaid the 28th of May,
the soldiers in arms repaired to the Castle gate, standing all
together upon the bridge, whereof the Lord Deputy being
advertised, and in Council as aforesaid, sent sundry messengers
for me, who, by reason that I was not then ready, tarried
somewhat long.
" At last coming into the withdrawing chamber, his Lo.
said unto me that he sent for me to charge the cannon that
stood against the gate with hail or chain shot, to shoot at
those mutinous soldiers that were upon the bridge, if they
would not depart ; unto the which I replied, if it were his Lo.
pleasure, it should be. done. ' No,' said his Lo., ' our determi-
nation is now altered ; wherefore I pray you to go down and
set the Castle gate open, and tell those mutinous rebels that
stand armed upon the bridge, that if any of them dare come
into the court, let him do it ; for whosoever doth it, I will/
said he, ' accoinpt him a traitor to her Majesty.' Whereupon 1
went from him, and caused the gate to be opened, and delivered
his Lo. speeches to the soldiers, who made answer that none of
them did intend to come into the Castle.
" Immediately after Sir Edward Waterhouse and Mr. Wil-
liams were again sent from the Lord [Deputy] and Council
unto the soldiers (as I understand) with these conditions, that
they should have two months' victualling money paid unto
them the next day, forgiven their lewd demeanour, and in the
mean time that order should be taken for their cesse in the
32 CAREW MSS.
15901
town ; which they would not accept of, unless they might be
paid of all the wages that was due unto them.
" This answer returned moved the Lord Deputy further
than he made show of, and being then sermon time, his Lo.
departed out of the withdrawing chamber towards the church,
myself bearing the sword before him. His Lo. said unto me
these or the like words : ' Master of the Ordnance, I will see
whether these fellows will stay me on the bridge ; I am sure
you will not let them take the sword from you.' Whereunto
I replied, * No, sir, they shall scratch for it before they shall
get it.' ' I think so,' said his Lo., * and am glad that it is in a
man's hand.' At the which answer the Lord Chancellor said,
' Rather than he will let it go, your Lo. may be sure he will do
as the Mayor of London did.'
" Then his Lo. took his horse, and was no sooner entered the
bridge, where the soldiers stood on either side iu rank one by
one in manner of a ward, but they besought his Lo. to have
consideration of them, and to be good unto them, with sundry
such like words. His Lo., turning his horse about unto them,
said, ' What is lie that speaks ? ' They at an instant answered,
'All, all, all ! ' Whereupon his Lo., as I think, replied to
himself only, ' Very well, I will think on you/ or some such
like speeches, and passed on, being by this time past the armed
men about the middest of the bridge.
" Then one of the shot used some speeches (what they were
I know not), but his Lo. being gi-eatly displeased with it,
turned his horse upon him, calling him baggage, mutinous
knave. The soldier having his piece in hand to defend him-
self from the horse, as sundiy supposeth, for that he had no
fire, held it up, and with the other hand took his horse by the
bridle and stayed him. Wherewith the Lord Deputy being
offended, as he had reason, supposing as it should seem that he
had done it to do him violence, drew his dagger, and laying his
hand upon his piece, commanded him to deliver it. The
soldier, either subbornly bent or amazed, or both, undutifully
held his piece and the bridle fast, notwithstanding that his
Lo. dagger was directly at his breast. At the last, by the mul-
titude that pressed upon him, it was forcibly taken from him.
The press upon the bridge in this season was so great that it
was impossible for any man to use his weapons to do any harm.
" In this mean time divers gentlemen of his Lo. servants
and others drew their swords. The Lord Deputy looking
behind him, and seeing so many naked swords, thinking, as he
had reason, that the mutiny was grown to his ripeness, drew
his rapier and cried out, Disarm these villains.' Myself, who
bare the Queen's sword, in like manner was drawing the
same, but seeing the armed men and shot, at his Lo. speeches,
either for duty or fear, on all sides to lay down their pikes
and pieces, did put it up again, and did with the assistance of
Captain Delves and others suppress many of them that had
ELIZABETH. 33
1590.
their swords drawn, that they should not offer further violence
than the necessity required.
" The choler that his Lo. was in was very exceeding abundant,
yet so tempered that any man might discern that his valour
did appear unspotted either with fear or cruelty, for he thrust
himself into the midst of them all without respect of his
person, and struck many with the flat of his rapier, yet hurt
none saving one of them a little on the head, and holding the
point of it at sundry of their breasts, forbare to thrust any of
them into the body.
" His Lo. had no sooner cried ' Disarm them ! ' but the
soldiers as aforesaid laid down their weapons, which whether
they did it in humility, or that they could not use their
weapons, the bridge being so pestered with people, whereby
they had no mean of resistance, I know not, but judge the
best, for that they presently fell upon their knees and suffered
themselves to be disarmed, which was done in so short a time
as it was wonderful. The armours, calivers, &c. that were
saved from filching were carried into the Castle and delivered
into my charge ; the soldiers committed to the care of Captain
Dellves, Captain Woodhouse, and Matthew Smythe, servant
to the Marshal, by whom they were bound by couples arm to
arm, and presented upon their knees to his Lo. as he rode to
the church, who commanded the Mayor of the city to keep
them in his ward, who carried them to Newgate, in number
61. The rest escaped in the time of disarming."
Pp. 2. Endorsed by C'arew : A declaration of my know-
ledge of actions done in the mutiny made by Sir Thomas
Norris' men, 28th of May 1590.
Vol. eis, p. 35a. 2. Copy of the same.
Note in the margin : " This Report was enclosed in the
several letters written to the Lord Treasurer and Sir Tho.
Henadge, bearing date the last of May 1590."
May 28. 77. The EARL OF TYKONE.
Vol. 632, p. 101. "The humble Offers of the Earl of Tyrone [to the Privy
Council in England] touching such Articles as are set
down for Ulster, Maij 28, anno 1590."
(1.) To put in as sureties, as well for his loyalty towards
her Majesty, as to observe peace with Sir Tyrlough Lenough,
two or three of these gentlemen, dwelling within the Pale, to
enter into bond, viz., Sir Henry Harrington, Sir Edward
Moore, or his eldest son Henry, Mr. "Warham Sellinger, Robert
Harpoole, Henry Warren.
(2.) If at any time suspected of disloyalty he will deliver
pledges, or else yield himself prisoner. But he craves not
continually to have his pledges to remain prisoners ; " and
although he should find favour to change them at the end of
34 CAREW MSS.
] 390.
six months or otherways, yet he is assured he shall never be able,
when any are once prisoners, to procure others of good sort to
become pledges in like manner, but they will rather depart
his country ; and he stand[s] assured that Turlough Lenough
hath no pledges of value, except Art his son, whom he verily
thinketh will never put in."
(3.) His bond and sureties shall stand for renouncing the
name and title of O'Neale, for he well knoweth it is treason
to challenge it. He will renounce any intermeddling with
any of the " uriats " according to the indenture betwixt her
Majesty and himself ; but he says that O'Cane is none of the
" uriatts," being an inhabitant within the county of Tyrone.
(4.) " He is desirous to have his country made shire ground,
and doth think it convenient to have Tyrloughe his country,
and so much of his own country called Tyrone as do lie already
bounded betwixt the Blackwater and the river of Fyne and
Loughfoile, to be one country ; and the rest from the Black-
water to the Roche, containing O 'Hani eye's country (if it be
not already reduced to shire ground), to be another country.
But we think this latter part is already made shire ground,
and called by the name of the county of Armagh."
(5.) " Contented not to give aid to Agnus McConnell nor to
any other Scots, nor to take aid from Scotland or from any
others not being of his own country, without the licence of
the Governor, trusting like order to be taken with the rest of
his neighbours."
(6.) " Contented to have his country under composition, and
to suffer them to enjoy their lands for terms certain, under
such rents and other compositions as may be agreed upon, and
not to take any bonnaught or lay other charges upon them,
except with consent of the country in times of great and
sudden danger, to be invaded by Scots or others his bad neigh-
bours ; and yet then to make the Governor for the time being
and the Council thereunto privy." He is contented to have
his country under composition towards her Majesty's charges,
but some regard should be had of their poverty here, the
waste of the country, &c.
(7.) He will prohibit murders and stealths, and punish
stealers and murderers, and never maintain any of them, nor
receive their goods stolen.
(8.) He will not exercise martial laws, but join with such
off[ic]ers as shall be appointed for the execution and sup-
pression of malefactors.
(9.) He has always been willing to serve with such horse-
men as he doth receive entertainment for by her Majesty's
great bounty; but is contented to yield to "any number
of rising-out " thought convenient to your Honours here, or
to the Lord Deputy there.
(10.) He will not meddle with any of the Archbishop of
Armagh's lands, or impose any charge upon them ; neither
ELIZABETH. 35
1590.
will he willingly receive or maintain any Popish priest, monk,
or friar, or any proclaimed traitors.
(11.) His people to use English apparel.
(12.) He consents to have a gaol at Dungannon.
(13.) He trusts all his neighbours shall be bound to observe
like orders.
(14.) He is contented, upon any urgent occasion, to permit
the Captain of the Blackwater to have victuals in his country,
by paying ready money, or by delivering bills.
(15.) He promises to answer for his brother Tyrlough Me
Henry, captain of the Fues, and for any other that liveth
under his Lordship's liberties.
(16.) He humbly submits himself to the consideration of
your Lordships.
Copy. Pp. 6.
May 31. 78. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
Vol. 618, p. 34. I beseech you to despatch my servant with supply of our
wants. In my last of the 9th, sent by the Lord Deputy's
man that carried the last packet, I sent you a note of the
rates of the munition as they are here issued, compared with
the notes that you sent over. How weak I am furnished in
gunners and artificers, I have signified to you.
" The paper enclosed* is a true report of the actions that
passed in the suppressing of the late mutiny, wherein I was
an eye-witness, and, by reason that I only tarried with his
Lordship on horseback in the place, could better discern parti-
cular actions than any man else." I was required by his
Lordship to write it. This mutiny was caused by the different
manner of paying the old bands and the new supplies. The
like discontent hath long been harboured in the breasts of the
horsemen.
Dublin, 31 May 1590. " Per packet per Hoy."
Copy. P. 1.
May 31. 79. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (Sm
Vol. 618, p. 34a. THOMAS HENEAGE).
Since I wrote last, no matter of note has fallen out, but
only that which I have sent you enclosed. " Myself was a
special actor in it, and no man can more truly deliver the
same, for I only besides his Lordship (the Deputy) in that place
was on horseback, and next unto him, whereby I did the
better behold all the actions that passed. The Council that
followed his Lordship on their foot cloths, thrust backward
by the press of people, retired into the Castle, where they
remained till all was finished."
* Sec 28 May.
C 2
36 CAREW MSS.
1590:
The occasion of this late disorder of the soldiers is the
penury that they sustain by not being paid in due time. " The
travel and hard diet they endure passeth all the soldiers in
Europe." As the companies lately sent over were better pro-
vided than themselves, they repined, thinking their deserts far to
exceed any that have not passed the like perils or endured the
miseries that they have done. The old soldiers are discontented
because they see those who of late were their boys every
week thoroughly paid, and themselves left in want.
This conceit caused them, for want of their victualling
money, to leave their place of garrison and to come to
Dublin in such disorderly sort as they have done. In speech
they were not outrageous, neither did they make any show
of resistance when my Lord Deputy disarmed them. Their
greatest offence was in coming armed to the gate of the Castle,
and in that bold manner to stay there until his Lordship came
forth, being persuaded and desired by myself and others to
depart. Mr. Vice-President, no doubt, will acquit himself from
blame, having written divers letters to the Lord Deputy of his
soldiers' wants, and at all times disbursed his money very
bountifully out of his own purse to relieve their necessities ;
and he was not near to them when they rose out of Limerick
by 30 miles. The horsemen, by reason of the inequality of
their wages, are as malcontent as the others.
" What I write I beseech you that it may be secreted from
all the world but as accustomed ; for those that are not of
our opinion in the manner of the mutiny, as I do conceive of
it, will be highly displeased."
Dublin, 31 May 1590. " Per packet per Hoy."
Copy. P. 1.
May 31 . 80. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR WALTER RALEIGH.
Vol. 618, p. 35. Although I am half in a doubt that when my letters come to
your hand that you sing them to the tune of some old Almayne,
yet I am well pleased, though I miss of my purpose, that they
make you merry. Therefore, in hope that they either shall work
[the] good I write for, or ease you of your melancholy, I will not
leave to write. The Spaniards' long tarrying makes us to
doubt of their coming, whereof if I were assured I would not
be long from you.
" The old garrison of Ireland, who have been evermore
praised for their patience for their long forbearance of their
wages, since the coming over of these new companies are aptto
mutiny. The first company that made show of it was Sir
Tho. Norrys' band, who, the 28th of May, without knowledge
to their captain or officer in their company, with drum and
fife came armed to this city, and demanded their full pay.
The Lord Deputy offered them imprest, but they would net be
satisfied, but desired either to be paid or discharged. Their
complaint was grounded upon extreme necessity, for they had
ELIZABETH. 37
1590.
not been paid for their victualling money in many months
before, and farther credit they had not. The Lord Deputy
sent for me to discharge the cannon upon them as they stood
upon the Castle bridge, but altered his purpose, and took his
horse to ride to the church, 1113 self bolt upright bearing the
sword before him.
" When lie came upon the bridge, they made a ward, and
importuned his Lordship in humble sort to be good unto them
and to have consideration of them, but one amongst them used
speeches wherewith his Lordship was displeased, and thrust
his horse upon him. The soldier, to save himself, held up
his piece, and took the horse by the bridle. His Lordship,
thinking that he intended to use violence against him, drew
his dagger, and his men forcibly took his piece from him.
Divers of his gentlemen and servants in this mean time had
drawn their swords, which my Lord beholding, thinking the
mutiny had grown to his full ripeness, 'drew his rapier, and I,
like a great magistrate, was pulling out the Queen's sword, but
seeing no man make resistance, did put it up in haste, and
caused as many as were near me to do the like.
" My Lord Deputy, oppressed with choler, spared none that
were in his walk, and commanded them to disarm themselves,
whereunto they yielded, and with the good help of those that
attended him to the church, who to filch swords and furnitures
were diligent officers, they were in a moment torn out of their
weapons, bound by couples, and earned to the gaol. The
arms and weapons unstolen remain in my office. So great
fury as his Lordship was in never in my life did I see any
man ; and truly I assure myself, when he drew his rapier, he
thought they would have done their utterance. He struck
many, but hurt none but one.
" The occasion of this mutiny ariseth by the unequal manner
of paying the garrison, for the new companies are paid Aveekly
to the uttermost farthing, and the old bands seldom imprested,
and that which is most grievous unto them is to see the late
companies which were erected in this kingdom, being for the
most part their boys, to be better paid than themselves. The
like discontent is amongst the horsemen, who, serving in one
nature, are waged some at I2d. and the rest at 6fc7. per diem."
Dublin, 31 May 1590.
Copy. P. 1.
June 17. 81. The EAEL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 632, p. io3a. Articles agreed unto by the Earl of Tyrone, before the
Right Hon. the Lords of her Majesty's most Hon. Privy
Council, for the better settling and confirming of his
country."
For keeping the peace with Sir Tyrlough Lennough and all
others his neighbours, the Earl agrees to enter into bonds
with good sureties within the English Pale ; and for his own
1 *
38 CAREW MSS.
15CO.
loyalty to put in pledges, being neither Arte O'Haggan nor
O'Guyn. Both these things to be done within two months after
the Earl's return into Ireland. His pledges to remain in the
custody of some gentlemen within the English Pale, or mer-
chants of Dublin, and to be changed every three months. The
pledges are to be for performing these articles following :
That he continue loyal and keep the peace.
That he renounce all claim to the name and title of O'Neale,
as by the Act of Parliament is provided ; and all challenge or
intermeddling with the uriaghes.
That all his lands in Ulster be made county ground, and
divided into one or two shires.
That he forbear to give any buying to any person out of his
own country ; and to foster with any uriaght or other gen-
tleman out of his own country.
Neither to give nor receive aid to or from Agnus McConnell
or other Scot or foreigner.
If for his reasonable defence he shall need to erect forces
either of Scots or others out of his own country, he shall not
do so without special licence of the State, by whom may be
assigned unto him (as heretofore hath been) competent bands
of soldiers, whose captains and officers may be English.
Within two months after his return into Ireland he is to
repair to the Lord Deputy and Council, to consider of the
reducing of his country to composition in the same manner as
Connaught and other parts, with a consideration to be had for
her Majesty out of every plough-land, quarter, or cartron.
That he impose not upon his country by way of bonnaught
or other Irish taxation any charge of horsemen, galloglass,
kerne, or Scot, saving for reasonable forces for the defence ot
his country.
That he forbear to make any journeys or rodes into any of
the uriaghts' countries, "except upon fresh suit within five days
next after the prey, killing, or bodragg " be committed by any
his said neighbours.
None of his country either to do or receive any stealths
upon the uriaghts or other his neighbours ; and especially
that he bring forth the thieves, or eke drive them out of his
country.
That he forbear to execute any person taken for murder or
felony except by due course of law.
That his band of 50 horsemen, for which he has pay, be
always kept ready for service.
That besides this band he shall answer with a rising-out to
every general hosting.
That he meddle not with any of the Archbishop of
Armagh's lands or any spiritual livings belonging to that see.
That he maintain not wittingly in his country any monk,
friar, nun, or priest that shall not conform themselves to the
religion now established.
That he have no intelligence with any messenger from any
proclaimed traitor.
ELIZABETH. 39
1590.
That he take no black rent or other Irish exaction.
That he cause all her Majesty's subjects living under him to
wear English apparel, and suffer none to wear " glybbes."
That he have a gaol at Dongannon, and his Lordship to-
gether with the country to yield contributions as well for the
building as maintaining thereof.
That he answer for his brother Tyrlagh McHenrie, now
Captain of the Fewes, and for any other under his rule, until
her Majesty's laws shall be current.
That in times of danger or urgent want in the fort of
Blackwater he suffer the captain and warders there to have
victuals out of his country.
In consideration that the said Earl of Tyrone hath promised
upon his honour to observe and perform all these articles,
we the Lords of the Privy Council have agreed that the
Lord Deputy and Council shall be written unto, to procure
these articles following to be performed and put in execution :
" That Sir Turlough Lennough shall put in good pledges both
for his loyalty to her Majesty and also to keep the peace with
the Earl and all his country.
" That all other the Earl's neighbours bordering upon
Tyrone may be wrought to this course now prescribed to the
Earl to begin at one time, lest Tyrone, being brought under
law, may be spoiled or wasted by the lawless neighbours
thereof."
Given at the Court at Greenwich, 17 June 1590.
Copy. Pp. 6.
July 1. 82. For SIR GEORGE CAREW, Master of the Ordnance.
Vol. 618, p. 87. I. A note of pickaxes and felling-axes provided and sent
over by George Beverlye, by the direction of the Lords of
the Council of England, to be delivered to Sir George Carewe,
Master of her Majesty's Ordnance in Ireland, he paying ready
money for them according to the prices they cost.
II. Warrant by the Lord Deputy to the Master of the
Ordnance, to receive the proportion of pickaxes and felling-
axes sent hither by direction from the Council in England,
to be kept for her Majesty's store.
Castle of Dublin, 1 July 1590.
Copy. P.I.
July 6. 83, LORD BUCKHURST to SIR GEORGE CAREWE.
Vol. eos, p. 159. This bearer, Mr. Clark, a poor kinsman of mine, has a
better liking to live in that country than to continue here. I
recommend him to your favour.
From the Court at Greenwich, 6 July 1590. Signed:
T. Buckehurst.
Pp. 2. Sealed and addressed. Endorsed in Carew's hand.
Vol. 618, p.42a. 2. Copy of the same.
40 CAREW MSS.
159Q.
July 26. 84. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BDRLEIGH).
Vol. 618, p. 40a. I would have sooner advertised you of the safe arrival of
the last munition into this kingdom, if a fever had not been
my daily companion. The proportion then brought was very
good, but I wish the brown bills and long bows had not
come, for here they are held in such scorn that unless I should
sell them to the farmers of the Pale, which I will not do with-
out warrant, I am in despair to utter them. I thank you for
sending my Lord Deputy the warrant for the rates I wrote
for, but it is not large enough discharge for my issues in
general. For that wherein the Queen gained I have sufficient
warrant, but no mention is made of the losses. Though I
have but Irish pay for my horsemen, I have to maintain them
furnished for service, and they are as much employed or
more than any others in this kingdom. I shall sustain more
loss by serving her Majesty^ than my fortune is able to bear,
and wish that this office, which she did bestow upon me for
my good, had never been granted me.
By my servant that conducted the last proportion I under-
stand your good opinion, "and also as well by Sir Walter Raleigh
as by him I have intelligence of your honorable favours in pre-
ferring me to her Majesty to be placed of the Council here."
26 July 1590. Per Dudlye Norton."
Copy. P. 1.
July 26. 85. SIR G. CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (HENEAGE).
Vol. 618, p. 41. The last time I wrote unto your Honour was a true
report of a mutiny which the Lord Deputy since hath par-
doned, returning the soldiers to their place of garrison." The
state of this realm was never more peaceable than now ; and
it is likely to continue so, if Spanish invasion do not interrupt
this good quiet.
"As for moving the Queen to place me here Councillor,
(wherein if I were so placed I know, in respect of my office, I
can do her many services, both for her honour and profit,
which now, by reason of my ignorance in Council proceedings,
I cannot do,) I will not importune you, but refer it to your
Honour's better consideration, hoping that, as fit occasion
shall be ministered, you will not be unmindful of it."
26 July 1590. " Per Dudlye Norton."
Copy. P. 1.
July 26. 86. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD CHANCELLOR of
Vol. eis, p. 4ia. IRELAND (ARCHBISHOP LOFTUS).
"The occasion of my writing proceedeth from the Lord
Deputy, by whom I understand that he hath written unto
your Lordship and the Lord Treasurer* to pray your Lordships
* Sir Henry Wallop.
ELIZABETH. 41
1590.
to be a mean that myself and others, who since the beginning
of his deputation have served the Queen with horsemen at
6$d. per diem (for myself, I speak it, almost to my undoing),
xcight be restored to our accustomed wages, which was as the
rest of the garrison is paid ; as also that by your Lordships'
good means I might be placed of the Council here." I humbly
desire your aid.
Her Majesty lias already restored Sir Richard Byngham,
Mr. Carlile, and others to their accustomed entertainment.
Dublin, 26 July 1590. " Per Dudly Norton."
Copy. P. 1.
Aug. 20. 87. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Fixz-
Voi. eis, p. 42. WILLIAM).
You wrote to their Lordships (the Privy Council) to appoint
rates at which the munitions might be issued ; and they did
so. Once again I pray you to ask them at what rates
" these parcels hereinclosed unwarranted " shall be issued.
By my usual issue of them her Majesty is a loser. These
munitions have been evermore issued as now they are, and so
from time to time allowed to my uncle Wingfilde, but I have been
slandered for overcharging the army in my issues, wherein
you excused me to the soldiers, who were in a good way to
have mutinied.
Dublin, 20 August 1590.
Copy. P. 1.
Aug.25. 88. The QUEEN to SIR WILLIAM FrrzWiLLiAMS, Lord
Vol. 605, P . lei. Deputy.
Sir Nicholas Bagnall, Marshal of our army, is by age and
infirmity unable to execute his office, and is willing to
surrender the same on condition that his son Sir Henry
Bagnall succeed him according to the grant which he has of
us. We command you to accept his surrender, and admit
his son Sir Henry into the same room. You shall also
admit Sir Henry to be of our Privy Council, as his father
was, whom, notwithstanding, we will not have displaced from
being of our Council. " And considering also the good
report we have of Sir George Carewe, Knight, Master of our
Ordnance, and for the knowledge we have of his discretion
and wisdom, we will you also to admit him to be of our Privy
Council."
Under the signet at the Manor of Oallands, 25 August
1590.
Copy. P. 1.
Vol. 618, p. 43. 2. Another copy.
42
CAREW MSS.
1590.
Sept 19. 89. SIR G. CAKEW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz WILLIAM).
VoL 618, p. 43^ My sickness has caused me not to stir from home, further
than of late I have been compelled, to look into the storehouse.
I have little hope of Parkins's life. Many will importune
you for his place. Forbear to promise it to any man,
for if my officer be needy, insufficient, and not exceedingly
honest, my undoing is most assured. My patent bears me to
choose my officer, but I am ready to obey your commands.
I know the power of the Prince's prerogative, and with
all duty I will submit myself to it. Sir John Perrot gave
it to Perkins, to which I would not agree, as Sir Henry
Wallopp and Sir Geoffrey Fenton can witness, until he relin-
quished his patent, and was content to hold it at my hands.
The fee both for the clerk and his man is but lod. sterling a
day, with no perquisites.
Dublin, 19 September 1590.
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 22. 90. SER GEORGE CAREW to LORD BUCKHURST.
VoL6is, p.42a. I received your letter by Mr. Clarke, the contents whereof
I will accomplish, as he shall testify whensoever it shall please
him to make trial of such friendly offices as my poor fortune
can afford him.
22 September 1590. " Per Wylliams."
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 24. 9L SIR G. CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
VoL 678, p. 42a. I understand by my Lord Deputy that you nave procured
her Majesty's letters to admit me of her Council here, for the
which my service shall evermore to you and yours remain
devoted. Immediately upon the death of my uncle Wyng-
filde, late Master of the Ordnance here, Sir Thomas Perrott
was placed in his room, and under him one Henry Parkyns,
whom, when I came hither, I continued in the same until
22 September, upon which day he deceased. I do not know
how to draw his executors to an account. On the decease of
my uncle, commissioners were appointed by Sir John Perrott,
then Lord Deputy. Sir Geoffrey Fenton was one of them ;
he can inform you what has become of the inventory, which
I beseech you to send over. On Mr. Andrew Payton's motion
you wrote to me for it.
24 September 1590. Per Wylliams."
Copy. P. 1.
Oct. 17. 92. SLR GEORGE CAREW.
V L eis, p. 87*. His oath on being admitted as a Privy Councillor of
Ireland, 17 October 1590.
IL The Oath of Supremacy.
Copy. P. 1.
ELIZABETH.
1590.
Oct. 18.
VoL 618, p. 87a.
Oct. 19.
Vol. 618, p. 45.
Oct. 31.
Vol. 618, p. 44a.
Nov.
VoL 618, p. 44.
93. LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Warrant, in conformity with directions from the Lord High
Treasurer of England, dated the 29th of September, to resume
all such armours and weapons as have been delivered out of
her Majesty's store, to any bands lately sent from England, or
newly erected here, without any defalcation to be made of the
captains' or soldiers' entertainment for the same. Notice is to
be given of all decays or imperfections, and rebatements of the
captains' pay to be made accordingly.
Copy. P. 1.
94. LORD BUCKHURST to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Thanks for your courtesy towards my cousin Clarke.
19 October 1590.
Copy. P. 1.
95. SIR H. BAGNALL and SIR G. CAREW to the LORDS of the
COUNCIL.
Whereas long suit has been made unto the Lord Deputy
here and to your Lordships in the behalf of ourselves and our
retinues as Marshal and Master of the Ordnance, for restoring
to them the sterling pay, we renew our petitions because
the Lord Deputy is not authorized to relieve us. Till of late
years our predecessors, when they had only Irish pay, were
relieved with cess from the country, and, after the cess was
taken from them, had always sterling pay till her Majesty's
late order, and the same is yet allowed to the rest of the Eng-
lish companies. Their case now is unlike it was when they
served under my old father the late Marshal, or under my late
uncle the Master of the Ordnance, who were both men of great
years, and for their age privileged by the Governors. By our
often employments these two or three years past, they see
continual likelihood of the increase of our travails. Either
their former entertainment must be granted from time of the
late restraint, or else we must " have those 30 horse and their
officers to each of us without check ;" a matter which as
councillors we cannot persuade.
Dublin, 31 October 1590.
Signed : H. Bagnall, G. Carew.
" Per Marmaduke, Sir H. B. man."
" The like letter to my Lord Treasurer, with the like date.
" The like letter to the Lord Chancellor,* with like date."
Copy. P. 1.
96. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
I wrote to you by Mr. Philip Williams, the Lord Deputy's
secretary. Demand of Sir John Perrott the remayne of the
Sir Christopher Hatton, Lord Chancellor of England.
44 CAREVV MSS.
1590,
munition of the store in Dublin, which, immediately upon the
death of my uncle, he caused to be taken. Mr. Secretary
Fenton, who was one of the Commissioners, can witness it
was delivered to him. I pray you send it to the Lord Deputy
(FitzWilliam) for passing Mr. Parkins's accon:pt. Be mindful
of my letter of 26 July. I also wrote to the Lord Deputy on
20 August, with a book under my hand, wherein was set
down both the warranted and the unwarranted issues of
munition.
Dublin, - November 1590. " Per Dudley Norton."
Copy. P. 1.
Nov. 97. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN (SIR
Vol. GIB, P . 45. THOS. HENEAGE).
This kingdom remains very peaceable. The expenses which
her Majesty was at this last summer in sending supplies to
this realm, albeit in the opinion of many a superfluous charge,
have bred good effects in all parts. This kingdom is of small
profit to the Crown of England, not being able to defray the
fourth part of the charges expended upon it, which have been
sufficient to reduce it to civility, but the manner of proceeding
in the reformation is the cause that it is not reformed. One
of the greatest hindrances is the little care had of the province
of Leinster, while laborious attempts have been made to
reform the provinces far oft'. " Those that dwell even within
the sight of the smoke of Dublin are not subject to the laws.
The very gall of Ireland, and the flame from whence all
other rebels take their light, is our next neighbour, Pheaghe
McHugh, who, like one absolute within himself, with his den
of thieves, ruleth all things in his own country at his own
will, refusing in person to come to the Governor, and spoiling
his neighbours, who for fear dare not complain." His force
does not exceed 100 persons. His neighbours would help to
cut him oft'. The Cavenaghs, who rely upon him, are entered
into the like kind of life, for the correcting of whom a good
plot is: laid down ; yet so long as the root, which is Pheaghe
McHugh, is left untouched, new branches of the same kind
will always be springing. It ma} 7 be alleged that, expecting
foreign invasion, the time fitteth not to enter into home
actions; but he would be the first to join with foreign power.
Dublin, -- November 1590. " By Dudley Norton."
98. The MASTERSHIP of the ORDNANCE.
Vol. 605, p. 89. Memorandum, that the enrolment of the two next afore-
said* letters patents granted to Sir Thomas Perrot, concerning
* See 1 July 1580 and 23 1'ebruary 1590.
ELIZABETH. 45
1590.
the office of the Master of the Ordnance, are cancelled by
virtue of a warrant from Sir William FitzWilliam, Lord Deputy,
dated 28 February 1589[-90], which warrant was granted
according to her Majesty's letters dated 1 February, 30 Eliz., to
Sir John Perrot, then Deputy, and to the Chancellor.
Signed : Ad. Dublin., cane.
Enrolled on the Patent Roll of Ireland for 32 Eliz.
Copy. P. 1.
Dec. 9. 99. SIR GEORGE CAREVV to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIN.
Vol. 618, p. 46. You will understand by a letter from the Lord Deputy and
Council here to the Council in England what matters of
importance have been discussed, amongst which that of the
McMahons is of the greatest consequence. You will learn the
particulars from private informations, sent by the Lord Deputy,
who has very carefully travailed in the same. The land now
escheated to the Queen by the late attainder of Hugh Roe
McMahon, chief of his name, is a great country, neighbouring
to the English Pale, upon the county of Louth. The benefit
that the Pale will receive is very apparent, for the land being
divided into small lordships, that unworthy race will be the less
able to do mischief. Hereof of late j'ears we have had good
experience by the counties of Longford and Cavan. Whilst
they were entire and undivided they were evermore bad
neighbours unto the Pale ; now they are as obedient to the
laws as the civilest counties in this realm. By this partition
we may hope that, unless some extraordinary cause disturb
this present quiet, the Pale will be so much enlarged, that
from henceforth McGwyer's country and Tyrone are like to be
the Irish border.
This manner of proceeding, in my opinion, is the soundest
a.nd surest way of bringing Ireland to obedience ; for what
in this sort is once won is for ever gained, whereas nestings
into remote rebels' countries, although sundry times very
necessary, do but waste and consume traitors and their
goods for the present, but do not establish reformed govern-
ment. Hereof the examples in this realm are apparent and
plentiful.
In my last letters I wrote unto you what hindrance this
kingdom received by Pheagh McHugh (whose extirpation for the
common benefit I heartily wish), and how easy a thing it would
be to extinguish him, his race, and followers, to the assured
quiet of this province of Leinster for ever, whereas now he
lives to be the example of mischief to all the ill-disposed in
Ireland. The Cavenaghes also, finding themselves weak and
unable to continue long in rebellion, entreat to be received
to mercy, to which I think my Lord Deputy will yield ; so
that at this present I find not one in all this realm that is in
any actual rebellion. The next troubles which are like to
46 ^ CAREW MRS.
1590.
happen are looked for to be in Connaught, in Sir Richard
Byngam's government, for O'Rwrke is daily expected to
return into his country with forces of Scots and gallowglasse,
which no doubt will disturb that province very much.
Concerning my own matters I will not now trouble you,
hoping to win favour of my Lord Deputy, ere long, to go
into England, for the which I have been this half year an
importunate suitor. " My business is only to see her Majesty,
unto which happiness if I might once attain, I hope at my
humble and earnest suit (wherein I doubt not of your Honour's
aid) to obtain her gracious favour, to permit me once every
year (if Ireland be quiet) to repair unto the Court to renew
my life by doing my duty unto her, which now weareth in
a kind of banishment, receiving comfort in nothing so much
as in a confident hope which I retain, that her Majesty
is fully persuaded of my dutiful zeal and earnest endeavours
to do her true and loyal service." If I can by no means get
my passport for a few months, then I will be bold to pray
your Honour's help to get me leave from her that commands
us all.
Dublin, 9 December 1590. " Per Mr. Solicitor."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Dec. 11. 100. SIR GEORGE CAREW to MR. VICE-CHAMBERLAIX.
Vol. 618, p. 47. I have written sundry letters unto you, and would be very
sorry if they did not reach you, for if they fall into strangers'
hands they will purchase me dislike. Let me understand what
success they have had. Two I wrote of late, the one in Novem-
ber last by a gentleman appertaining to Sir Henry Wallopp,
called Norton, the other by her Majesty's Solicitor, dated two
days before the writing of this. " This bearer, called Garrallt
Carrou, alias Care we, descended of a decayed branch of my out-
worn family in this kingdom, and sometimes as I think your
Honour's servant, but now a pensioner to the King of Scots,
hath desired me to recommend him to your favour, which 1
was the readier to do, as well in regard that he is of my name,
as also that he is known to be a tall soldier, and otherwise
well travelled."
Dublin, 11 December 1590. " Per Carou."
Copy. P. 1.
Dec. 22. 101. SIR THOMAS HENEAGE to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. eos, p. 163. I have received three letters from you of late, one
of the 12th of November, another of the 9th of this month,
brought me by the Solicitor there, and the last by the llth of
this present by Garrat Carewe. The two former her Majesty
hath seen and liketh very well, commending the care and zeal
she findeth in you for her service, and would have you continue
ELIZABETH. 47
1590.
to write freely, as occasion shall be given you, what you know
and think of that estate from time to time ; and that her
Highness will look for : assuring you that besides her Majesty
no man seeth what you write to me, unless by the way your
letters be opened, as I see they have been, and may be easily,
if you seal them no better than they have been. Her Majesty
likes your opinion touching Pheag Macke Hue, yet I perceive
he hath some friends here. Touching the baronies of MacMahon
fallen into her Majesty's gift by his attainder, I find your
opinion with my Lords of the Privy Council, and that her
Majesty means to dispose the same into divers hands, but
none to have anything that will not obey English law."
I pray you provide for me half a dozen of the finest and
lightest Irish rugs, to lay upon beds, that can be gotten.
At the Court, 22 December 1590. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 618, p. 47. 2. Copy of the preceding.
Dec. 20. 102. MRS. PARKIXS.
Vol. 618.* (l This the Lord Deputy endorsed upon Mrs. Parkins' suppli-
cation, that she exhibited to the Lord Deputy for calling in
the sequestration granted unto Sir G. C. :
" Sir George, This is a thing which concerneth your office.
Let me understand from you in some few words how her state
standeth, which being as she allegeth, then order to be taken
for her relief as is required.
" The answer to this endorsement above written :
" It may please your Lo., this petitioner hath accompted
with me for all her Majesty's munitions that depended in her
husband's charge, indented between us, whereof I confess
myself satisfied. G. C.
" The Lord Deputy's reply to the answer above said :
" Master of the Ordnance, Insomuch as she hath satisfied
you for her husband's accompts, as by your own certificate
appeareth, I know no cause why but you may now dissolve
the sequestration made to yourself, as your other certificate
likewise testifieth, and leave the goods to Mrs. Parkins' own
disposition, as the law in that behalf and her husband's will
appointeth. Dat' 20 December 1590.
"Your assured and very loving friend, William Fitz-
Williams."
Copies. P. 1 .
* At the aid of the MS.
48 CAREW MSS.
1590.
103. WARRANT by the LORD DEPUTY to all MAYORS, &c.
Vol. 605, p. us. Whereas Sir George Carewe, Master of the Ordnance, is by
us licensed to repair into England on the Queen's service, and
to transport over with him four horses of this country's
breeding, these are to require you to see him furnished with
shipping at reasonable prices.
Castle of Dublin, 1590. Signed.
P. 1. Endorsed.
1591.
Jan. 15. 104. LORD DEPUTY FrrzWiLLiAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 147. Warrant authorising Carew to repair to Castle Kevin
with such forces as he has, and to take command of other
companies ordered to repair to his aid, for the safe bringing
hither of Hugh Roe O'Donell and any other of the pledges
lately escaped out of this castle.
Castle of Dublin, 15 January 1590. Signed at tlie
beginning, W. FytzWylliam ; at the end, Ad. Dublin.,
cane.
P. 1. Addressed.
Feb. 22. 105. LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. ii si. Warrant authorizing Carew to stay a ship of Drogheda
bound for Spain, riding near Mallahide, having aboard her
not only corn and other prohibited wares for the relief of
her Majesty's enemies, but also certain fugitives, and other
persons whose duties and loyalties to this State are much
suspected.
The Castle of Dublin, 22 February 1590. Signed at the
c.wnmencemen t.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Feb. 2G. 106. LORD DEPUTY FiTzWiLLiAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 149. Warrant authorizing Carew to bring to Dublin two
barques arrested by him in the haven of Mallahyde, with
their merchandise, whereof most part is prohibited.
Dublin, 2G February 1590. Signed at the beginning.
The names of the persons engaged are ivritten on the dorse.
P. 1. Addressed.
Feb. 27. 107. SIR HENRY WALLOP [to LORD BURLEIGH ?].
Vol. ci 9, P . 78. Touching your desire for a brief estimate both of her
Majesty's debts to the garrison in Ireland, and of her yearly
charge for their entertainments, I cannot sufficiently answer
ELIZABETH. 4 9
1591.
your Lordship. Few of the captains have had their warrants
of full pay out of the Clerk of the Checque's hands these three
years past. I humbly beseech you that the Clerk of the
Checque may deliver them warrants for the time past, and
half-yearly for the time to come. For want thereof I am
driven to make all my payments both of victualling money
and prests upon imprest bills. " A book of collection " was
made by the late Auditor, Mr. Jennison. of her Majesty's debts
to the garrison to Michaelmas 1580, which amounted to about
65,000/. The rough draft of it is in Mr. Auditor Pej'ton's
hands. Since that time the debt has increased.
Of the yearly entertainment I cannot make any certain
estimate, for that the Clerk of the Checque has not (as half-
yearly he ought) since Easter 1589 delivered me any muster-
book. But the muster-book for the half year ending in
Easter 1589 doth amount to 14.345/. 3s. (J^d. ster., and for the
half year ending at Michaelmas before (wherein is included
the entertainment of 120 horsemen in pay with the Under-
takers of Munster) 10,394?. 12*. 3|rf. ster. The ordinary
entertainment for one year cometh to about 29,700/.
Winchester House, 27 February 1590. Signed.
Pp. 2. Endorsed : " The Answer of Sir Henry Wallop,
Knight, Treasurer at Wars for Ireland, to your L. desire of
some brief estimate," tfcc.
March 13. 108. To the MUSTER MASTER and CLERK of the CHEQUE.
Vol. 605, p. 165. Warrant by Lord Deputy FitzWilliam to give allowance to
Sir George Carew, Master of the Ordnance, licensed to repair
into England about the Queen's services and his own private
affairs, and to be absent for six months, for the pay of himself
and the ten horsemen of his retinue attending on him.
Castle of Dublin, 13 March 1591.* Signed at lie begin-
ning.
P. 1. Addrc**cd. Endorsed.
March 19. 109. LOANS by Sin GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 6i8.f "A note of such bills of imprests as I have delivered out to
sundry persons, since the landing of Sir William FitzWilliams,
Lord Deput}", which was upon the 23rd of June 1588."
The fii-st entry is as follows: " One bill of imprest, bearing
date the 30th of June, for Sir John Perrot of 2S/. ster. for
* " 159u " in the margin, in Carew's own band.
f Near the end of the MS.
D
f,0 CAREW MSS.
1591.
horses." There is a note in the margin that this sum had not
been repaid.
The last entry bears date the 19th of March 1590[-91].
In Carew'a hand. Pp. 5.
May 10. 110. To SIR THOMAS WILLIAMS, Muster Master and Clerk of
Vol. 605, p. 169. the Cheque.
Warrant by Lord Deputy FitzWilliam to give allowance of
pay to Sir George Care we, licensed to be absent in England
for four months, with ten horsemen.
Dublin Castle, 10 May 1591. Signed at the beginning.
P. 1. Addressed.
May 4 & 12. 111. LORD DEPUTY FITZ WILLIAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 167. Your letter of 24 March, on your safe arrival at the Court,
I received on 17 April, by Nolan, the pursuivant. I hope all
her Majesty's forces have arrived in France to the relief of
the French King; and if the other Lords meet with the
Spanish fleet from the Indies, I trust we shall receive
plenty of money here. I have been well chidden for what
has been spent in my time. " I have heard of that you
write touching Tristeram his too much liberty, and what you
said for your excuse in it, concerning my giving of you no
charge to the contrary, which if it served your turn, I am glad
of it, though it a little touched me."
The country here rests in very good quiet. " I held the
footmen and horsemen still upon the guard where you left
them till the end of April, by which time all men had sown,
and long days grown, with short nights." Art O'Hone is in
the gaol of Tipperary, and one Crean Cavenawe, a stout thief,
with him. It is said Dermon. his brother is slain. Art and
Crean shall hang within these 5 days at Lawghlen. Remem-
ber the matter touching the Magohiganes. " There fell, within
these 6 or 8 days, three great casual fires by the means of
lewd servants : John Barrington in Lease, Noble at Castle
Dermon, and Mr. Tho. Lee, who, poor gent, is not left worth
one penny in Ireland, more than himself and his wife goeth
in, except some horses, and I hear both honest and wise men
value his loss to be above 1 ,000." My Lady your wife is in
health, and desire th of me some money. Make your speedy
repair back.
Castle of Dublin, 4 May 1591. Signed.
P.S. in Sir W. FitzWilliam's handwriting. This letter
lying open for wind, I received your other letter by your
servant. My Lady [Carew] is well, and a most good solicitor
in your causes. This 12th of May only I heard of 9 or 10
notable villains, fled into a castle for their relief, but it shall
ELIZABETH. 51
1591
not help them. Return answer as to the Magohiganes. Art
O'Hon hanged at Carlo, and with him six of his kin. Derby's*
head is on the Castle. Some other of their companies are
also killed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew.
Vol. 618, p. 48a. 2. Copy of the same.
[Sent] " by Mr. Shellton."
May 23. 112. LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 171. " My good Knight and Cousin," This gentleman can tell
you the state of this kingdom, and also how I have discharged
him of his trusty servant, Derby Cavenagh, whose head I keep
safe for him upon the top of the Castle of Dublin. Every day
we take more knaves.
" The only fear I have is that Spain, out of their great
numbers in show prepared for France, may upon a sudden let
fall on us in Ireland 4 or 5,000 soldiers, which number, con-
sidering the 700 and 50 footmen and 420 horsemen which be all
that are here, and lie as it were by handfuls scattered abroad
both in length and breadth through the realm, may do for the
time what pleaseth themselves, having in effect the whole
country to join with them/' Such an event would cost the
Queen 100,OOOZ.
Of the last money that came, there remains no more than
will pay the soldiers their victualling money for the next
month of June. My Lord Treasurer shall have a book of its
disbursement. Labour for some money to be sent, and for
some answer upon the Magoghegan's matter.
My Lady your wife has lent me your dining-place, your
hall, and your kitchen for the next term, my house being
removed to Kyllmaynam ; which I mean to occupy but 3 days
in a week, for Council causes.
Castle of Dublin, 23 May 1 591. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 618, p. 5ia. 2. Copy of the same.
[Sent] "by Mr. Henry Sheffilld."
May 24. 113. PETITION of SIB. GEORGE CAREW to the LORD TREASURER
VoL 6 1 8, p. 49. (BURLEIGH).
That my suit to their Lordships (the Privy Council) to
establish the rates at which the munition sent into Ireland
shall be issued, may be considered of. In the issue of some
things the Queen is a loser.
* " Dyrmon's " in the copy in Vol. 618. But see FitzWilliam's letter of May 23.
D 2
52 CAREW MSS.
1391.
That the clerks, gunners, and artificers attending the office
of the Ordnance, being very few. should be efficient men.
The former Lord Deputies have frequently granted the clerk-
ship of that office, which is an injury, as the clerk is accountable
to the Master of the Ordnance. They have also appointed
servants and others to be artificers and gunners, some of whom
want skill, and others do not attend their offices. My request
is that a clause may be inserted in my patent, that all clerks,
gunners, artificers, or other ministers appertaining to the
office of the Ordnance, may be wholly in the grant of myself,
as my horsemen are.
That, whereas her Majesty has now in pay under my
charge a bowyer at 12</., a plumber at 6d., a joiner at 6t/.,
a jack-maker at -!</., a fleteher at 12<7., and a collar-maker
at (}'L ster. jx.'/ 1 dlcm, which two last do hold their rooms by
patent, I may have power to alter these needless artificers
into others more necessary, as armourers, stockers of pieces,
pick-makers, refiners of powder, and such like.
That the storehouses in the Castle of Dublin and Limerick,
now " implanked, unshelved, and unceiled," may be repaired,
as the munition daily decays.
There was a clause in my patent that all the serviceable
munition should be delivered to me by inventory, and order
be taken for the unserviceable. My petition is that the ' sper-
able " may be repaired, and that of the desperate I may be
discharged ; and that some yearly imprest may be delivered
to me for repairing the munition.
That your Lordship would take order for the passing of my
predecessor s accornpt.
I have prayed you to demand of Sir John Perrott the
survey of the remains taken at my uncle's death, which were
returned to him by Justice Gardener, Sir Geoffrey Fenton,
and other commissioners ; in order that those who dealt in the
office between the death of my uncle and my acceptance of the
remainder by indenture may account for the same.
In the proportion sent into Ireland in 1589, which landed at
Waterford, I received 1,000 Hamborough and Flemish
armours, '' which are so far out of fashion and so unfit for
men's bodies as garments be now made, as I am out of hope
ever to issue them to the garrison." The incorporated towns
for their better defence should be commanded, at rates pre-
scribed, to tiike certain numbers, and the gentlemen of the
Pale to take the rest, for both the towns and country are
wholly unfurnished.
That munition may be forthwith .sent into Ireland, for the
store there is but slender.
My private suits are these. In her Majesty's letters to
the present Lord Deputy she commanded that the enrolment
of the patent of my office granted to Sir Thomas Perrott
ELIZABETH. 53
1591.
should be cancelled, but the fiant remains still upon tbe file
without a vacat. 1 desire that thejiant may also be cancelled.
That my poor horsemen may be restored to the augmenta-
tion [of wages], as others have been.
As the horsemen of Ireland do not receive their half-pay
monthly for victualling, as the footmen do, but are only
relieved by small imprests, my suit is that my stipend of
Gs. 8d. per diem may be paid half-yearly, in consideration of
my charges in giving attendance upon the State and house-
keeping in Dublin.
Whereas by default of the muster master I have not my
warrants for full pay or for any imprest, I beseech your good
Lordship, upon view of the Under-Treasurer's certificate of all
such sums as I have received until December 1590 (little
more than the fourth part of that which is due to myself
and those under my charge), to imprest me with a convenient
sum, that I may the more speedily return to my charge.
29 May 1591.
Copy. Pp. 5.
May 30. 114. SIR G. OAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FrrzWiLLiAM).
Vol. 618, p. 4 7a. I have received your letters by Mr. Shellton, dated both
the 4th and 12th of May. As to the Magohagans, my Lord
Treasurer desires the matter should be ended to their mutual
satisfaction ; but foreign affairs so trouble him that he cannot
despatch private business. Dermond McOwen is here, a great
and importunate suitor for reversing the decree between him
and Donoghe MacCorrnocke, alleging that the same was passed
in his absence, and that no land was allotted to him. I
have informed my Lord Treasurer that the land appertaining
to the Tanist was allowed him. We shall be both sent for
today before the Council. I am glad you have weeded out
the great disturbers of Leinster.
" Your Lo. writeth that my wife is a good solicitor in my
causes. As yet her man that embarked with Mr. Shellton is
not come unto me, so that I do not perfectly conceive what
suits I have, for when I left Ireland I neither impleaded any
man [n]or myself was sued ; but in truth I had a mistrust that
one called Tallon would in my absence steal out some order
for a possession of certain land within the barony of Idrone,
which Sir Peter Carewe the elder did recover as parcel of that
barony. My whole title doth depend upon the same claim."
Albeit the land is passed from me, and the Bagnolld are to
defend the same, yet because the heir is in his minority, and
his guardian not acquainted with the title so well as myself,
I pray that stay may be made until my return, which shall be
with all convenient haste.
Grenewyche, 30 May 1591. " By Shellton."
Copy. Pp. 2.
1 1 *
54 CAREW MSS.
1591.
May 30. 115. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD TREASURER (BURLEIGH).
Vol. SIP, p. sis. Whereas of late I delivered to you my humble petitions,
I beseech you, before their Lordships are acquainted with them,
to make notes upon such as you allow. As for the rest,
I will either satisfy you in private that they are fit to be
allowed, or cease to travail in them. " Next unto her
Majesty I do only accompt myself bound unto your Lordship,
as well for my office, as being councillor in Ireland."
30 May 1591. " By Mr. Maynard."
Copy. P.I.
May 81. 116. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz WILLIAM).
Vol. 618, p. 48. I have received letters from my wife. I am bound to you
for staying Tallon's suit until my return. The greatest
cause that will prolong my stay in England will be sterling
pay for my horsemen. I entreat you to back me with your
letters of favour to the Lord Treasurer.
From the Court, the last of May 1591. " By Mr. SheUton."
Copy. P. 1.
June 16. 117. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz WILLIAM).
Vol. 618, p. 52a. " I have received your letters by Mr. Sheffield, and did ac-
quaint my Lord Treasurer with the contents thereof. As
concerning your opinion for the Spaniards' descent in Ireland,
his answer was so doubtful as I cannot well relate it. When
he understood that all the money would be disbursed ere this
month were ended, he said that he was sure it would have
lasted longer if old debts were not paid with it, for the
which his L. told me that you had a prohibitation. W hereunto
I replied that I was well assured that your L. would not pay
any former reckonings, but such only as was lately borrowed
of necessity to relieve the garrison before this last treasure
landed ; wherewith he seemed to be fully answered, but yet I
did not perceive his L. were forward to send more as yet.
The matter of the Magoghagnes I have often solicited. His
L. told me that all these letters heretofore sent out of Ireland
about the same should [be] reviewed and fully answered, but
this term time is so full of business, and lately about Sir John
Perrot's cause, that no leisure can be found for it. It is
thought that upon Tuesday next he shall stand forth ; the
truth whereof will appear very shortly. I have moved for a
proportion of munition to be sent into Ireland."
Note. " The rest of this letter was nothing but news."
16 June 1591. By Mr. Henry Sheiffeild his man,"
Copy. P. I.
June 16. 118. SIR GEORGE CAREW to SIR HENRY BAQNALL.
VoL6i8, P . 53. < My good Nephew, Your letter by Marmaduke I have
received, and am sorry to hear of the controversies depending
ELIZABETH. 55
1591.
between you and my kinsman." I perceive he lias promised
that I shall make you another estate in the constableship of
Laghlin. He must excuse me if I do not presently satisfy his
hope. Yourself should sooner have obtained it at my hands
than he ; but I am sure you do not require anything that may
be prejudicial to me. Until I may see either the former
covenants between us, or your writings, we cannot agree upon
a new draft. Excuse me signing anything until my coming
into Ireland. In the meantime, to assure you that I will not
substitute any other, I am well pleased that you do nominate
Mr. Dudley Loftus or any other to be my vice-constable at
Laghlin Bridge. In this conveyance sent unto me you have
not covenanted to save me harmless against the warders for
their pay or the Queen for her rents ; nor am I saved harmless
for the time that your brother had the office. My best and
friendliest affections to yourself, Sir Patrick, both your Ladies,
and fair boy.
St. Giles-in-the-Field ; 16 June 1591.
Copy. Pp. 2.
June 18. 119. LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM to the LORD TREASURER
Vol. 605, p. 173. (BURLEIGH).
In former letters to the Privy Council I have signified the
state of the horsemen under the Master of the Ordnance,
Mr. Warren, and Captain Lee. Their pay being only 9d.
Irish by the day, without her Majesty's reward (which other
horsemen have), or cesse in the country (which they may not
have), they are not able to keep themselves armed and horsed.
" No horseman is fed a meal under his 3d. ster. at the least,
which taken out of his 6|(L ster. (being 9d. Ir.) by the day,
there remaineth but 3 farthings ster., making IcZ. Irish, to feed
his horseboy, his horses, and to furnish him of weapon
and apparel, with armour." Though quietness and peace
are general, food and clothing are at high rates. I beseech
some relief therein, "and that the Master of the Ordnance
might presently be sent away, whose assistance in this Council
I want, and much more now shall do at my going down to Don-
dalk, where (God pleased) I and this Council, being now but
six, must be the last of this month, for the ending of a great
controversy between the Earl and Sir Tyrlagh O'Neale, by
reason of a fray fallen between them, in which the dutiful old
knight, Sir Tyrlagh O'Neale, was shot through the shoulder
with a bullet and stroken with a horseman's staff in the small
of his back, two grievous wounds ; but (God I thank) well
recovered. I sent him a surgeon with a great deal of stuff
for his dressing." This affair is to be examined.
I have determined to end some matters fallen out about
Knockfergus, to settle the county of Monachan according to
her Majesty's pleasure, and to deal in divers other northern
border causes, all which I have assigned to be brought to
g CAREW MSS.
1591.
Dondalk, as well for the ease of the English Pale, that they
may not be spoiled by the Irishry coming through it, as also
for the ease of the Irishry themselves in bringing their proofs
and witnesses for the better ending of those matters. Without
such journeys, though expensive, this kingdom cannot be
continued in quietness.
Dublin, 18 June 1591.
P.S. A new seal should be sent, with a bag. This old
seal cannot last half a year, having been employed nearly 33
years. The King of Scots should be dealt with for the stay of
the Out Islanders, who yearly come hither, as this year they
did, though to their great loss. " Have some care of me, for
here is no money to imprest me with for one week, and I was
without receipt of any penny from the 1st of January last until
the 1 2th of this June, and lived only by borrowing upon pawn
and other credit." Send the Master of the Ordnance away.
" Stand good lord to Patrick Crosby, of whose service this
Council have no little want, and the more in that I have no
secretary, and my other man still very weak."
Duplicate, sent to Carew by FitzWilliam, who has added
the following note in his own hand :
" Good Cousin, Follow this matter to my Lord Treasurer,
and let Cosbe know what I have done for him to the Lord
Treasurer. God keep you ! In haste, the 19 of June 1591.
Your cousin and friend, W. FytzWylliam."
P. 1. Endorsed : " Sent away by the Lady Carew's man."
Vol. 618, p. 54. 2. Copy of the same.
July 1. 120. LORD DEPUTY FITZ WILLIAM to SIR G. CAREW.
VoL 605, p. 175. I received your letter by this bearer, Mr. Sheffeild's man,
this 1st of July, at Dundalk. Thanks for your news of the
Queen's good health. " I had not had the book of the
Brittanie news, which you sent me, before ; and for all the rest,
of the King of Spain his disposition for his governments after
his death, the rest of those of France (not being in the book,
together with those of the Low Country), I most heartily
thank you for." W T hat will become of those froward northern
causes between the Earl of Tiron and Sir Tirlagh Lenagh I
cannot write.
" I have been written to by three or four of my friends
that there is four special men landed in England, there to
complain of me or to accuse me, of which, if it be not for
quartering, hanging, pillor[y]ing, and loosing of some of their
ears there (being some of their great friends and kinsmen
and haply acquainted with their actions), I do not fear
anything, but give them free liberty to say what they can.
And for Legge's report (which I am told is common) that I
should so beat him and tread him under my feet till he was
ELIZABETH. 57
1591.
almost dead, and struck two of his best teeth out of his head,
is most untrue, for upon my credit, if I be worth any honesty
or belief, I laid no hand upon him, but having seven or eight
sheets of paper, holding them longways in my hand, I confess
I did so lift up his nose with them as I think the gristle of
his nose ached with it, and sure I am it bled. I will not tell
you how knavishly he dealt with me and my daughter Mary
in speeches, besides that he did scorn me with his smiling and
laughing."
I will not forget munitions in my next letters to the
Council and the Lord Treasurer, or your speedy discharge. I
wrote in my last for an augmentation of pay to the horsemen.
At my coming from Dublin, the 29th of the last month, my
Lady your wife was in good health.
Dundalk, 1 July 1591. Signed.
Postscript in the Lord Deputy's handwriting. Thanks
for your answer to my Lord Treasurer concerning the issuing
of the last treasure. " I have borrowed to keep with for two
months. I hope by then to be relieved from thence, for here
is not to give me 201. of imprest towards my new six months."
Pp. 2. Sealed, addressed, and endorsed*
Vol. 618, p. 55*a. 2. Copy of the same.
July 12. 121. LORD DEPUTY FITZ WILLIAM to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 605, p. 178. Intelligence has been brought out of Spain by Mr. James,*
a merchant of Dublin, a man of wealth, honesty, and
loyalty. Solicit earnestly for men, money, and munition.
In the quarrel between the Earl of Tirone and Sir Tirlagh
O'Neale it was complained that the Earl was altogether in
fault, but upon examination (having them both here, and
at the Newrie) it fell out that Sir Tir. was therein far to
blame. I and the Council have so ended those causes, as thej'
are both returned home with good contentment, and have
given both their consents to have Tirone reduced to shire
ground, and to accept of a sheriff.
There was of late a broil grown in Claudhuboie by Neale
Oge McHugh, who with others had an intent to banish Shane
McBrien out of his country, but Mr. Marshal (Sir Henry
Bagnall) was directed thither, and has not only caused the
spoils taken to be restored, but also settled Shane in better
strength in his country than before he was, without any
charge to her Majesty.
In the division of the county of Monaghane we find no little
difficulty by reason of the Earl of Essex' lands there, which
I wish had been redeemed both in regard of her Majesty's
service and the good and quiet settling of the country.
Dundalk, 12 July 1591 Signed.
* " Janes " in MS.
58 CAREW MSS.
1501.
P. S., in Sir William FitzW'dliairCs own hand. "I have
written for your despatch $ I pray you follow it earnestly.
It 18 not without great appearance of need. You be wise, and
si sworn councillor, to whom this I know is enough. Speak
and follow hard for munition, men, and money. I would
Mr. Yorcke were in Dunganan, to finish it and the rock.
Commend me to him I pray you, and tell my desire for him
to their Lordships."
P. 1. Sealed, addressed, and endorsed.
July 18. 122. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FrrzWiLLiAM).
Vol. ei?, p. 55. Thanks for your letter to the Lord Treasurer. I dealt with
him for a great seal, which he promises shall be sent as soon
as he can get the pattern to make it by, which you may do
well to send. He said he would neither forget her Majesty's
letters to the King of Scots, nor yet your private [suit] to
supply your wants. I had long conference with the Queen
about her garrison, your government, and the present state ;
but ere our speech ended the Lord Treasurer made the thud.
She marvelled the garrisons were so great, considering the
present quiet. I answered that in your time they had been
diminished, and that the time would not permit a discharge,
as the enemy threatened invasion ; wherewith she seemed satis-
fied. Then I asked for the restoring of the horsemen to the
augmentation ; whereunto she replied as she pleased, but
nothing was concluded. She did not dislike your government,
but feared that you were too forward in dealing with matters
of religion. I assured her that by your forbearance, in
regard of her pleasure, they of the Pale were grown insolent,
for redress whereof the High Commissioners could do no less
than make some show of reformation, and that the men now
in trouble are of no power. My Lord Treasurer desired her
Majesty to do somewhat therein ; with which opinion she
seemed to be well resolved.
" To the like effect that Sir Walter Ralegh did write unto me,
which I showed your Lordship, her Majesty told me that she
had been informed, but when she had heard my protestations
how innocent I did suppose both yourself and your Lady to
be, she rested fully satisfied that both your honours were
slandered."
The general state of the kingdom was amply discoursed
upon. 1 found that some ill reports had been circulated.
Likewise of the great lords and others much speech passed ;
but when she came to Pheaghe MacHugh, she was not pleased
that he should continually live in such manner as he doth.
I replied it were no hard matter to keep his country from
him, but it would be at some little charge to herself, and a,
great disquiet to his neighbours. She disliked the extra-
ordinary charges for commissions. I told her you were
forced to give concordatums to commissioners, as the shires
ELIZABETH. 59
1591.
had no men of worth and honesty ; for before she was of
opinion that the shires had men of quality sufficient to sit
upon commissions, whereby travelling charges might be saved.
All my replies were confirmed by my Lord Treasurer. He told
her Majesty that I had certain notes, which he prayed her
to resolve upon. She was willing to do so, but flatly
denied my return until the progress were ended. This, upon
my credit, merely proceeds of herself, and is no device of
mine. Excuse my interlined letters, for I dare trust none of
my own to write the letters I write to your Lordship.
From the Court, 18 July 1591. " By Pearce, his [Carew's]
servant."
P.S. " The rest of the Council of Ireland she commanded
my Lord Treasurer forthwith to despatch them away to your
Lordship."
Copy. Pp. 3.
July 20. 123. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FixzWiLLiAM).
Vol. 618, p. sea. I have received your letter by Mr. Sheffield's man. The
opinion of the Queen and my Lord Treasurer is that he is
faulty whom I conceive you surmise to be faulty.* I have not
heard of any special men coming to complain against you. Of
Legge, or anything between you and him, I never heard. I
am very glad you were so temperate. Be very earnest for
munition ; I know your wants will be great, if but a few
Spaniards make descent in that realm. Gerald Ay liner, my
landlord, is close prisoner in the Marshalsea. I think " the
rest of that stubborn crew that are enjoined as he is '' will be
shortly sent for. I am sure it was once so determined.
From the Court, 20 July 1591. " Sent by Pearce."
P.S. My uncle'sf offences are unknown to me, but be good
to him. His days are many, and his body is weak.
Copy. P. 1.
Aug. 14. 124. LORD DEPUTY FITZWILLIAM to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 605, p. 180. Your three letters of the 1 8tb, 19th, and 20th of July last
I received by Chichester on the 5th. I am beholden to
you for your friendly parts used towards me both to her
Majesty and the Lords, of which I was given to understand
by my son and other my good friends there. In your absence
I wish there were anything in which I might stand my Lady
your wife in stead. Thanks for your good news of her Majesty's
good health. A pattern of the old seal is now sent. You
shall receive herewith a certificate from your officer of the
store of munition here. Be earnest for a supply thereof.
Kilmainham, 14 August 1591. Signed.
Sc., the Earl of Tyrone. See FitzWilliam's letter of June 18.
f George Harvey.
60 CAREW MSS.
1391.
P.S. in his own hand. " I send you, my good cousin and
knight, the certificate which Palfreman, your officer, hath
made. Follow earnestly that this realm may be relieved with
new supply, for in show from beyond the seas there was
never more need. You be a councillor, and therefore I am the
bolder with you,"
P. 1. Sealed, addressed, and endorsed.
Vol. eis, p. 57. 2. Copy of the same.
Sept. 1. 125. To SIR THOMAS WILLIAMS, Muster Master and Clerk of
Vol. eos, p. ) 82. the Cheque.
Warrant by the Lord Deputy, requiring him to give allow-
ance to Sir George Carewe, licensed to be absent in England
for four months, for the pay of himself and the ten horsemen
attending on him.
Kylmayneham, 1 September 1591. Signed.
P. 1. Endorsed.
Vol. 605, p. 184. 2. Another warrant to the same effect, for three months.
Dublin, 22 December 1591. Signed.
P. 1. Endorsed.
Sept. 1C. 126. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (Frrz WILLIAM).
Vol. 618, p. 57a. By Mr. Baptist F received your letters, the Court being
then at Cowdrye, my Lord Montcute's house. The despatch
of the munition and myself is deferred until the Queen come to
Otelands.
This last night at Basing the Queen told me I should forth-
with be sent away. We had talk of Sir Robert Dillon. She
desires to know the cause of his imprisonment. I humbly
thank you for dealing so kindly with my old uncle. 1 have
procured a letter from my Lord Treasurer to you for his
enlargement. Within these few days you were a dead man
in every man's mouth ; but the report was not backed. Your
office would not have lain void, for divers were gaping for
preferment. Please to let my wife have Sir Hugh McGenuys's
rent cows this year at the same price upon my prest bill as I
had this year past.
Odiham, 10 September, 1591. "By Captain Warram
Shelynger's man."
Copy. P. 1.
Oct. 1. 127. SIR G. CAREW to the LORD DEPUTY (FrrzWiLLiAM).
Vol. eis, p. 58. This messenger, Mr. Baptist, is departing. The bearer of my
letters of the IGth was a servant of Captain Warham Selen-
ger's, by whom you will receive a letter from the Lord
Treasurer in my uncle Harvye's behalf. I beseech you, if it
ELIZABETH.
1.591.
may be without hazard to yourself, that he may be enlarged.
My return into Ireland Is every day promised. My purse is
too weak to tarry very long in Court. I perceive by the
Queen that you have fully certified the cause of Sir Robert
Dyllon's imprisonment. The Queen is well pleased with your
proceedings in the same.
Wottlands X 0atlands?;, 1 October 1-591.
Copy. P.I.
128. The UNDERTAKERS in MTXSTER.
Vol. 61 7, p. 164. < Munster. An Abstract or brief particular of all the Xames
of the Undertakers, the several counties, the quantity
of their lands, and their yearly rents.''
Waterfr<l. Sir Chr. Hatton. late Lord Chancellor of Eng-
land, hath in demesne and rentable lands 'at the rate of 428
acres, English measure, to a plowland) 10,910 acres; yearly
rent from ilich. 1-591 for three years. 30/. 3*\ 9<7. ster., and from
Mich. 1 -59-t in perpetuity, G0. 7$. 9<7. ster. Sir Walter Raw-
leighe, rentable lands, number unknown ; yearly rent from
Mich. 1591 for three years, -50 marks ster., and afterwards
100 marks.*
Kerry. Sir Edward Denny, 6,000 acres ; rent for three
years 50/., afterwards IQOL <; He hath also the collection of
chief rents in his patent to the sum of 300/. ; also 80 beoffes.
The country being depopulate, this rent was never answered
by him, and we find that the Earl [of Desmond] never received
half so much, and when he received any, it was in warlike
manner upon the country of Clanmorryes, being the territory
of the Baron of Lixnawe, who, being enforced thereunto by
our distresses taken upon his lands, hath compounded for
5QI. ster. per annum, as parcel of the composition of Kerry/'
The rents payable by Sir William Harbarte, Mr. Charles
Harbarte, Mr. John Hollis, Captain Jenken Conwaye, anil
John Champion are specified.
Cork. Sir Warham St. Leger, Hugh Cuffe (who has granted
to William Power the half of his seignory), Sir Thomas Xorreis,
Arthur Robins, Arthur Hyde, Phane Becher and Hugh Worth,
Thomas Say, Edmond Spencer, Richard Beacon.f
Limerick. Sir William Courtneye, Francis Barkley, Robert
Ansloe, Richard and Alexander Fitton, Edmond Manwaringe,
Sir Edward Fitton (also in cos. Waterford and Tipperary),
William Treushard, George Thorneton, Sir George Bourcher,
Henrv Billinirslve.
* Sir Walter's lands are stated to he in cos. WaterforJ and Cork, and the
following: note is placed in the margin : " He had thee lands hy express words
and warrant in a special letter from her Majesty at 10O marks fie/- annum rent."
t The lands held and rent* payable by these Undertakers are sp^cifie \.
Spenser had 3.0:2 S acres iu co. Cork, his rent for the first three years bein.r
!?/. 10*. &(/.. and from Mich. 1-394, 17/. 7>. i-W. ; chief ivu:s, 3Zs. id. '
62 CAREW MSS.
1591.
Tipperary. Thomas Earl of Ormonde and Osserie.
Totals. Acres, 202,099. Rents, 1,97GZ. 7s. od. ster. after
Michaelmas 1 594.
The Undertakers pay for their demesne lands but half of
their rents till Michaelmas 1594.
Chief rents, 1,0221. 13s. 8d.
Abatements of rents upon evictions, 551. 7s. It?. Remain
of the Undertakers' rent till Michaelmas 1594, 967/. Os. 7%d.
Abatements of rents upon evictions per annum till
Michaelmas 1594, SQL 4s. 3<7. There remaineth therefore to
be paid yearly to her Majesty after Mich. 1594, 1,896. 3s. 5^d.
(sic.)
Signed : Ro. Gardener, Roger Wilbraham.
Copy. Pp. 4.
1592.
June 14. 129. SIR ROBERT DILLON.
Vol. eic, p. 76. A Journal of all our [the Commissioners'] proceedings in
the cause preferred by Mr. William Nugent for her
Majesty against Sir Robert Dillon, knight, Chief
Justice of Her Majesty's Court of Common Pleas of
Ireland."
On the 17th February 1591 [-2] we received from the Lord
Deputy two letters from the Privy Council, dated 22nd and
24th November 1591, by virtue of which we entered into
conference touching that cause, and called Mr. William Nugent
before us, promising him our best assistance ; and we required
to know what matters he had to prefer for her Majesty against
Sir Robert Dillon. As he had landed in Ireland but lately,
lie desired a month to prepare the same, to draw his interro-
gatories, and to produce witnesses. He was assigned to
appear at Dublin on 20th March, when, for that some of us
the Commissioners were employed in more weighty services,
further respite was given till 12th April, at which day Mr.
Nugent came before us at Christ's Church in Dublin. The
Barous of Delvin and Howth were in company with him, and
assisted him with their presence and counsel.
Mr. Nugent delivered us a petition for the enlargement
of Patrick Brymigham, committed for suspicion of misde-
meanour, who was a prosecutor of the accusation against Sir
Robert Dillon; whereupon the Lord Deputy enlarged him
upon bonds.
On 14th April 1592, we received of Mr. Nugent his articles of
accusation, being 19 in number, and he delivered in the names
of all his witnesses, for whom on the 15th we sent warrants,
and then gave commandment to Sir Robert, the prisoner, to
refrain from all conference, and to exclude all company other
than his wife, family, and servants.
Evory day after the Commissioners sat in St. Patrick's
Church and examined many witnesses till llth May, when
ELIZABETH. 63
1592.
Mr. Nugent preferred the names of other witnesses, who like-
wise were sent for by the Pursuivant, and examined from
23rd May till 13th June. Then, finding no more proofs, and
having examined certain witnesses upon two artieles of accu-
sation particularly preferred by Brymigham the last summer,
on the lith of June we acquainted the Lord Deputy with
these our proceedings. He willed us to make our certificate
to the Privy Council, for that he knew nothing material
either for the purgation or further accusation of Sir Robert
Dillon ; and thereupon we have certified to their Lordships
all the examinations of any effect tending to the proof of the
several articles preferred.
Dublin, 14 June 1592.
Signed : Ad. Dublin., cane., H. Bagenall, Ro. Gardener,
Roger Wilbraham.
Pp. 3. Endorsed.
Aug. 5 130. COMPOSITIONS for CESSE and other IMPOSTS.
Articles indented betwixt the Queen's Commissioners and
the gentlemen, freeholders, and inhabitants of the
country of Orrerie in co. Cork, touching a composition
in lieu of cesse ; at Cork, 17 September 1592.
Whereas her Majesty by letters patents dated at Dublin
1 2th July last, and by instructions annexed to the said com-
mission, authorized the said Commissioners to deal with the
lords and freeholders and all other possessioners in Munster
for a composition in lieu of cesse, such as is in Connaught ;
the said freeholders and possessioners of Orrerie, acknow-
ledging her Majesty's care and great masses of treasure spent
within this province for the suppression of the late traitor
Desmond and his complices, have submitted willingly to a
composition, and do by these presents offer her a yearly com-
position out of the said country of 201. sterling for three years.
And the said Commissioners promise and agree that the said
inhabitants shall be exonerated of all cesse, and of all victual-
ling of her Majesty's army and garrison, and of all provision
of the household and stable of the Lord Deputy, the Lord
President, and Vice-Presidents, and of all provision of horse-
men, soldiers, galloglas, horses, horseboys, and all other
impositions, except in case of any invasion or sudden rebellion.
This country or barony shall appoint a collector to receive
the same, without fee.
Mem. " The chargeable lands of Liskarroll, lands of
Ballim c kowa, Ballehustie, and Kilm c lenye, if any part thereof
be chargeable, is meant to be subject to the above compo-
sition."
Signed : Nicholas Barry alias McShian's mark, James
Lumbard, Eily Barry of Bregoge, P. H. Rirragus (?), John
64 CAREW MSS.
1501.
Chillister, John Miz of Lessfricken, James Byrn, Edward
Xangle, Cornell Dalie, Rallaghan McOwen.
Mem. The day and year above said, the gentlemen and
freeholders of all Condons' country have compounded with
the Commissioners to pay QL yearly for three years.
Signed: Edmond Gaugahe. Edmond Og Condon, Piers
Gold, Patrick Condon, Richard Condon alias McMaoge,
Fynne Monsloe, Walter Condon, William McEdmond Con-
don, Edmond McJohn Condon.
II. Similar Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen, freeholders, and inhabitants of Kinnalea, at
Cork, 15 September 1592, in public assembly of the
whole county.
A yearly composition of lol ster.
Signed : Thomas Longe, John Bostock, Henry Barries alias
Barricok, Philip Golde, George Robinson, Walter Graunte,
Leoffin Meade, E. M. D., Awlie O'Fiime, James Sarsfield,
Thomas Fleminge, Richard Roche, John Roold, William
Cogan, David McShane, Edmond Fitziloris Roche, Edmond
White, William Risserd, David FitzWilliam Roche, Piers
Golde.
III. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the freeholders,
<fcc. of Ibaone, at Cork, 17 September 1592.
A yearly composition of 251. ster.
Signed : Donoghe Oge, Teige O'Hee alias O'Hea, Edmond
Arundell, James Hodwett.
IV. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the freeholders,
Arc. of Carbrey, at Cork, 15 September 1592.
A yearly composition of SOL ster.
Signed: Owen Carte, Phenen O'Driscoll, John Slewright,
Connour McMahowne, Walter Graunt, Douell Solevan, Donogh
Driscoll, Conour McO'Mahowne " de Lenton," Donell Oge ne
Carte, Donell McDermod McCarte, Dermod McTege O'Driscoll,
Fana McDonell McCarte, Dermod O'Driscoll, Donell McDonogh
McCarte, Donogh MeCormocke McCarte, Tege McDermod
McFeleme, Tege O'Crole alias Crowle, Tege AlcCartau alia*
Tege McMockle, Cormocke Oge McCarte, Phenen O'Driscoll,
Davy O'Crole.
v. Articles indented betwixt the Queen's Commissioners
and the gentlemen, freeholders, and inhabitants of the
lands of the sixteen toeghes in Connyloughe, charged
with shraghe. marte, and other uncertain customs, at
Limerick, 8 August 1592, in public assembly.
The said Commissioners having moved them to compound
with her Majesty for the said shraughe. ice., all the said free-
holders, &rc. accepted of the same, and by way of composition
do yield to her Majesty out of every quarter of laud within
ELIZABETH. 65
1592.
the said sixteen toughes, in full satisfaction of all sraghe,
marte, cesse, connye, livery, and other such charges, the yearly
rent of 25s. ster. And although the said chargeable land was
charged to the late Earl of Desmond in every toughe 40 marks
and 20 beoffes clearly, besides coyne and livery and other
uncertainties, yet in respect that the land wasted paid no
portion of that charge during the waste, and no arrearages
were at any time demanded, and that the said Earl when it
was levied sometimes gave it back again, and that the said
sixteen toughes are not yet fully peopled, by reason none dare
inhabit the said land for fear of the great burden, the Com-
missioners do accept of the said offer and composition, to
continue during her Majesty's pleasure, and agree that the
said freeholders, &c. shall be discharged of all sraghe, &c., and
likewise of the provision of the Lord President, &c. The
arrearages are deferred to further consideration.
Signed : Philip Suppell of Baflenetubbred, Thomas
McEae ( ? ), Doole McMulinurry, David Lacie, Richard Wale,
James Lacie FitzDavid, Patrick Lalor, Morys Cooswill,
McHenry, Carhill McGerrott, John FitzThomas McPhillipp,
Gerrott Liston, James Nashe, William Oge England, David
Barrie, Moriertaghe McMorghe, James Russell.
VI. An Order indented betwixt the Commissioners and all
the freeholders and tenants of the barony of Kyre-
churrye, dated 20 September 1592.
Whereas upon view of the records of her Majesty's offices
it is found that there are within the said barony several sorts
of tenures whereby the lands there are alleged to be holden,
viz., 29 plowlands called chargeable lands, each charged with
a rent of 10.?. ster. yearly, and with coyne, livery, bonybegg,
kearnetie, and such Irish customs, at the will and pleasure of
the Earl of Desmond ; 15 plowlands, each holden b}*- fealty
and 6s. Sd. ster. yearly rent, and by sorohen during 24 hours
in every fortnight ; 4 plowlands holden by fealty and sorohen
only ; 23 plowlands, each holden by homage, fealty, and suit
only to the manor of Carriglynnye ; the town and lands of Agh-
martin, holden by soroheu, and two refections yearly ; the
town and lands of Bally voinge, holden by sorohen, and two
refections only yearly ; Ballyhindebarry, holden by fealty
and IQd. ster. yearly rent; and Farrendighe, holden by fealty
and Gs. 8d. yearly rent.
And whereas, upon ripping up the titles mentioned in the
several petitions of the pretended freeholders of the said
chargeable lands exhibited to us, complaining that the said
charge was wrongfully exacted by the Earls of Desmond, and
were abolished by statute, and desiring to be restored to the
freeholds which they severally demanded, and to be discharged
of the said burden, it appeared that the Earl of Desmond,
lately attainted, and divers his ancestors have used to demise
12 E
CAREW MSS.
1592.
and let the said chargeable lands to others than the said
pretended freeholders, and allowed unto them the fourth part
of the land. Nevertheless, forasmuch as the said plaintiffs
showed before us divers deeds of feotfments, releases, and other
probable evidences, and produced divers witnesses, whereby it
should seem that the right of the freehold belonged to them,
and to those by whom they claim ; and forasmuch as they
and the rest of the freeholders of the other lands before recited,
willingly submitted themselves to our arbitrable order to
compound the controversies betwixt such as claim by her
Majesty and them ; and also forasmuch as we may think, by
reason of an ancient deed which we saw dated in King
Richard II.'s time, that some of those services were lawfully
created by tenure (although we could not learn the beginning
thereof), and that we think some of the uncertainties were
wrongfully exacted of them, by reason we find the charges
to have been greater than the whole profits of the lands ; we
have therefore concluded and ordered that the freeholders
of the said chargeable lands shall pay certain yearly rents
(specified), as well in consideration of the said rents and duties
as in lieu of all cesse and victualling of her Majesty's garrison ;
in all, 62Z. 19s. per annum. And we, the freeholders, do
most willingly and thankfully accept of this order. Provided
that if necessity shall require the soldiers to be victualled
upon the barony, an allowance of 6s. 8d. yearly shall be made
to the freeholder of every plowland during the said charge.
This order to continue in force only during her Majesty's
pleasure.
Signed : William Coggan, Wm. Roche, " et cdiorum."
Memorandum, that 40 acres in Crossehaven (of which John
Coppinger is freeholder), the fourth part of Ballen Ransie, the
manor of Barnehealie, and the town of Aghmartin, are to be
free from all charge, cesse, &c. ; and that Ramyskiddy is to
be abated a mark.
Signed : Tho. Norris, Ro. Gardener, Nich. Walshe, " et
aliorum."
VIT. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the freeholders,
&c. of Fermoye, otherwise called the Lord Roche's
country, at Cork, 17 September 1592.
A yearly composition of 251. ster.
Signed : M. de Rupe et Fermoye, (?) Monsloye, Wm.
Me x Tybbot Roche of Balleholy, " et diversorum aliorum."
Viir. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the free-
holders, &c. of the two baronies of Yvlyehane and
O'Gormelahane in the Lord Barrie More's country,
at Cork, 17 September 1592.
A yearly composition of 42 1. ster.
Signed : David Buttevante, " et aliorum.*
ELIZABETH. 67
1592.
IX. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the freeholders,
fcc. of the whole county of Limerick, 5 August 1592,
in public assembly of the whole county, for a composi-
tion of 10s. sterling yearly out of every plowland, for
five years, Connilogh excepted.
Sigtied : E. Myaghe, Oliver Bowrke, Mayor [of] Lymerick,
Connour O'Mulryan, John Verdon, vie. (sheriff), Ja, Golde,
Stephen Sexten, McBreene x O'Gonaghes his mark, Tho.
Yonge, Jordan Roche, John Lacye FitzDavy, Ja. Monsloy,
" et aliorum."
Here follow "the names of the chargeable lands in the
small county of Limerick (besides such as are passed to Un-
dertakers)."
For that the grand jury have presented that these lands
(containing 13 plowlands) are charged to pay yearly to her
Majesty 40s. "halface," making 21. 13s. 4>d. ster. (whereof
Sir Edward Fytton, Sir George Bouchier, and Edward Man-
neringe undertake the collection) ; and the tenants therefore
were unwilling to condescend to this composition unless the
said great rents, more than half the value of the lands, might
be considered ; we the Commissioners have condescended
hereby that the said 13^ plowlands shall yield only 5s. yearly
out of each plowland in lieu of cesse.
Signed : Tho. Norreys, Ro. Gardener, Nich. Walshe, Roger
Wilbraham, Ja. Golde.
John FitzEdmond, Wm. McRickard, Thomas Browne, John
Fitz William, Edmond Whytte, Moroghe McBrene his x
mark, Redmond Fitz William, " et midtorum aliorum."
x. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the Lord Fitz-
Morish and the gentlemen, &c. of the country, other-
wise called the barony and half-barony, of Clanmorris,
co. Kerry, the last of September 1592.
The said gentlemen, &c. do yield to her Majesty 35/. ster.
yearly out of the lands chargeable with sraghe, marte, &c.,
and further 151. yearly in composition for cesse, victualling,
and other imposts for the space of three years.
Signed : Pa. Lyksnawe, John x Oge Piers.
XI. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the gentlemen,
&c. of the three baronies of Trughnackmye, Browne
Lonclone, and Offerbuye, and the barony of Corke-
vynnye, in co. Kerry, at Denglecouishe, 18 August
1592, in public assembly.
Whereas by verdict of jurors every of the said three baronies
do contain 16 knights' fees, each chargeable with sraghe and
marte in one equal rate of 5 marks ster. and 5 beoves yearly
to the late traitor Desmond, of which charge the greatest
part was never levied, by reason of its greatness ; the Com-
missioners having moved them to compound for the same, the
gentlemen, &c. do yield to her Majesty, in full satisfaction of
E 2
(J3 CAREW MSS.
1502.
sraghc, marte, cesse, find other such charges, 2?. 13-s. 4(/. ster.
yearly for three years, deducting pro rata for all lands in the
possession of any patentee as an undertaker, and likewise for
the free lands which are parcel of the said three baronies.
Signed : Richard Trantte, " suffrain " (i e. sovereign), John
FitzEdmond Gerald, Mich. Brown, Stephen Ryce, Gerald
FitzMorish, Raphe Pattinson, as agent for Sir Edward Denny,
James Trauntt, Jenkyn Con way, Gerott Dufe Stak, Thomas x
McEdmond's mark, John McThomas Me x Shane's mark,
Moris McUllick's x mark, John x McUllick's mark, Richard
Trauntt, Mich. Traunt, " ct diversorum aHonim*
Moreover, we whose names are subscribed do yield to her
Majesty 5s. ster. yearly out of every plowland not chargeable
with sragh and marte, as composition in lieu of cesse and
other imposts.
Signed: Richard Trauntt, " suffrain," Stephen Rice, Jenken
Conway, Nicholas Traunt, Gerod FizMorisb, John Morish,
Owen O'Swilevan x alias O'Swilewan Beery his mark,
Nicholas Brown, Dermod O'Swiliwan's x mark, " cum mult is
aliis."
XII. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and all the lords,
knights, gentlemen, freeholders, possessioners, and
inhabitants of the country of Desmond, at Cork,
17 September 1592.
A yearly composition of SO/, ster. for three years, in lieu
of cesse and all other charges, viz., out of O'Swellen More's
part of the said country, 71. 10.<?., besides the chief and other
rents which her Majesty hath by the attainder of the late
Earl of Desmond, and 221. 10s. out of the other two parts
of the same.
Signed: Donyll Clancarr, Owen x O'Swelewan alias
O'Swelen More.
xin. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the gentle-
men, &c. of co. Waterford, viz., Powren country, Decies,
Coshomore and Coshbryd, and Ifeagh, at Waterford,
11 October J592.
A yearly composition of 110Z. ster., viz., out of Pooren
country, 45Z. ster. ; out of the Decies, '351. ; out of Coshowmore
and Coshbridie, 121. ; and also out of the country of Ifeaghe,
i8i.
Signed : Nich. Walsh ; Rich. Ay 1 ward ; Rich. Powre ;
Thomas Wadding; James Sherlock; Eu. Roche; Ge. Fitz-
James ; John FitxGerrott ; Daniel McCrahe ; Thomas Fitz-
Richard ; Pa. Grante ; T. (?) Heyforde ; John Og FitzGerrald ;
James Purcell ; Edward Stephenson ; Edmond Me x Shan's
mark ; Edmond x Og of the Grange ; Tho. FitzEdmond x
his mark ; Morish Fitz x Thomas's mark ; Sallomon White ;
Thomas Creaghe.
ELIZABETH. 69
1592.
XIV. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the gentle-
men, &c. of Barretts' country, at Cork, 1G September
1592, in public assembly of the whole county of Cork.
A yearly composition of 23. ster.
Signed : Robert Coppinger, Andrew Barrett, Donaldus
Palfrie, " et diversorum aliorum."
Mem. The day and year aforesaid the gentlemen and in-
habitants of Coursies' country have compounded for 51. ster.
yearly for three years.
Signed : Warham Myaghe, John Coursye, Philip Roche,
Geoffrey Galwey, Donoghe Oge. "et aliorum."
XV. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the gentlemen,
&c. of the barony of Dowally, otherwise called Puble I
Chalchane, Clane Awlie, Puble O'Kiffe, and Balle
McCork, in Carties' country, in co. Cork, at Cork,
17 September 1592.
A yearly composition of 30. ster., viz., out of Puble
I Chalchane, 10L ; out of Clan Awlie, Puble O'Kiffe, and
Balle McCork, 10/L, and out of Clancartie's country, 101.
Mem. " Dowallie is equally divided into three parts, viz.,
one part called Clancarties of Dowallie ; the second, O'Chal-
chane's country ; the third part is McAlie's, O'Kiffe 's, and
O'Kirke's countries." Each of these three countries to pay
their WL separately. Dermott McOwen, by his letter sent
by O'Kiffe, has given his consent to a composition for his
part of the countries of Clan Cartie, which is allotted to pay
101. ster. yearly.
Signed : Conoghor O'Callaghan alias O'Kallaghan, Patrick
Graunt, Brene McOwen (B. M. O.), Art O' x Kijfe alias
O'Kife.
xvi. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the gentle-
men, &c. of the country called Muskrye, in co. Cork, at
Cork, 18 September 1592.
A yearly composition of 351. ster.
Signed : Cor Carty ; Teig WW McOven his mark ; O. M.
M. ; Art x O'Lerye alias O'Lory his mark.
XVII. Articles betwixt the Commissioners and the knights,
gentlemen, freeholders, and inhabitants of the country
of all Beare and Ban trie, at Cork, 18 September
1592.
A yearly composition of 13Z. 5s. 8d. ster. out of the country
of Beare and Bantrie, and Clandermodie, "that is not in the
Undertakers' hands, and is in the county of Cork."
Signed : Owen O'Sulluwan.
1 2 *
70 CAREW MSS.
1592.
xviii. Articles concluded and agreed upon by her Majesty's
Commissioners with the gentlemen and freeholders of
the barony of Imokillie, at Cork, 21 September 1592.
Whereas it appeareth by her Majesty's records that there
was 11. 6s. 8d. ster. yearly rent, by the names of sraghe, mart,
bonybegge, and kearnetie, due to the late Earl of Desmond, of
every plowland of the said barony (over and besides the rent
of 58 beoffes), which rents and duties the said gentlemen and
freeholders affirmed were never paid, but extortionately taken
by the Earis of Desmond ; yet they have yielded to a reason-
able composition for all charges, " and desired consideration
may be had of their ancient gentry, being the remain of th'
English gentlemen that first inhabited this province next after
the conquest," and also of their extreme poverty, their
dutifulness in all services, and specially the smallness of their
plowlands. They have offered to pay yearly 90 marks ster.
out of every plowland of the chargeable lands for three years,
which offer the Commissioners have accepted of. And for
that of 135 plowlands chargeable in the said barony, 27 are
in Sir Walter Rawlie's patent, and that he hath also 8 plow-
lands with Ballimarter in ward, there rest only 100 plowlands
"over and besides 12 claimed to be free, besides the lands
challenged to be free in the franchises of Yoghell ; yet
(although in the records charged with sorohen) of the which
100 plowlands chargeable we have allowed unto them 10
plowlands to be free." We therefore order that the said
gentlemen and freeholders shall be charged only for the said
90 plowlands, for which they shall pay in one sum the yearly
rent of 90 marks. They are to appoint a collector. This
composition is not to be prejudicial to the said parties' ancient
rights, titles, or tenures.
Signed : John FitzEdmond Gerrald ; Richard Condon ;
John Ca x rew his mark ; Edmond x Supell ; Redmond Ma-
guier ; Mastine x McPieris ; Edmond Power ; Garrott x
Coundon his mark.
" This containeth 4 9 sheets of paper, being the true copy of
the several compositions in her Majesty's province of Munster.
Ex., 9 Maij 1601, per Ric. Colman, R.R. ; the original
remaining in my office."
Copies. Pp. 49.
Dec. 21. 131. The COMPOSITION for CESSE in TIPPERAKY.
Vol. 617, p. 162. Offers made by the Lord Deputy and Council to the Earl
of Ormond and the lords, gentlemen, and agents of co.
Tipperary, touching composition for cesse, with the
answer and agreement of the Earl and the rest ; at
Dublin Castle, 21 December 1592.
Note. The Lord Deputy and Council and the agents were
agreed over-night to have the following order passed during
ELIZABETH. 71
1592.
her Majesty's pleasure, for thi-ee years, but the next morning
the Earl and the agents refused to subscribe it unless it were
passed for five years.
The Lord Deputy and Council offer that if the Crosse and
all the county and liberty of Tipperary will pay 300. ster.
per annum for composition in lieu of cesse, as a taxation with
Munster/the arrearages of the composition taxed upon them
in the composition of the English Pale shall be remitted.
Should this be not approved of, if they will pay 1891. ster.
and all the arrearages, being 1,320. ster., the said composition
will be accepted, to continue during her Majesty's pleasure.
The Earl of Ormond, the Archbishop of Cashell, the Lord
Baron of Donboyne, and other the gentlemen and agents of
the co. Tipperary assent to pay 1891. ster. yearly, humbly
desiring, in respect of the great poverty of the country, some
remittal of the arrearages ; whereupon the Lord Deputy and
Council reduced them to 1,200?., which they promise to pay
in three years. For the first 400. the Lord Baron of Donboyne,
Walter Butler of Kilcashe, James Oge Butler of Slevardaghe,
and John Cantwell of Moycarke are bound in recognizance ;
and for the other 800Z. the Earl of Ormond hath undertaken
to send hither eight other sufficient gentlemen. The hundred
soldiers victualled upon the country by order of the late Com-
missioners there shall be removed to their former place of
garrison.
Signed : Ad. Dublin., Cane. ; Ro. Gardiner ; Geff. Fenton ;
Henry Bagnall ; George Bourchier.
We do assent to the said composition, to continue for five
years from Michaelmas last, so as the composition lately con-
cluded by the Baron of Donboyne and the entry thereof in
the Council Book be cancelled.
Signed : Tho. Ormonde, Ja. Donboyne, Ja. Butler, Milerus
Casselen., Walter Butler, John Cantwell.
" In conclusion, when it was perceived that they of Tip-
perary would stand to their first composition of 1891. ster.
in hope that the arrearages would be remitted, the Lord
Deputy and Council made offer of 250Z. ster. per annum,
and to discharge them of their arrearages, but the lords ?.nd
agents would not accept of it."
" Copia vera, ex' per Nath. Dillon."
Copy. Pp. 2.
132. EXACTIONS of the late EARL OF DESMOND.
Vol. 617, p. 212. "Names of Rents in money, victuals, and other revenues
as were due to the late Earl of Desmond, and of the
customs and exactions used to be taken upon the
tenants."
Shraughe : a yearly rent in sterling money. Marte : a
yearly rent of beoffe[s]. Cheeffrey : a rent certain upon land
paying halfeface money, which is the third part better than
'72 CAREW MSS.
1592.
sterling. Choyncy : a charge of meat and drink for the time,
sans nombre. Lyrcry : a charge of horse with oats, corn, hay,
and straw, sans n ombre. Kearnety: a charge of Ss. 4d. or 4-s.
upon a plowland towards the maintenance of the Earl's kerne,
100, 200, or 300 men, more or less. Sowen: a charge set
upon the freeholders' lands for a number of galloglasses for
certain days in a quarter. Galloglas : a number of soldiers put
to the country to charge, bearing axes. Keerne : a number of
soldiers to aid and assist the justices, seneschals, receivers,
stewards of courts, and Serjeants in the execution of the laws
and customs of the countries and territories of the said late
Earl's, for the rule and government of his people and lands,
and the receiving, levying, and gathering of his revenues.
Bonnibeg and Bonneybur were soldiers kept in readiness, as
well in peace as in war, " at the charges," with meat and drink
and wages. Musterroon : a charge set upon the country to
help the Earl in his works with cappells, garrans, and men
at his own will. Taxe and Tallage alias Southe : a convo-
cation of all tenants, freeholders, and inhabitants to help to
pay the Earl's debts, or to help him to money at his need.
Refection is only repast and away. Cosshery : a charge of
the Earl's people for lodging 40, 60, or 100 together under one
roof. Cuddy : a charge of meals, meat, and drink the time he
hath his people in coshery. Gillicrie is as much to say in
English as a stud-keeper, allowed to be maintained by his
tenants. Gillycon is as much to say as dog-keeper or hunts-
man, in like manner allowed.
Copy. Pp. 2.
133. The ARMY.
V>1. cos, p. isc. Orders meet to be observed by the captains and soldiers,
and by constables and wards of castles: whereof the
Clerk of the Checque is to take charge.
" That every captain having charge shall make choice of
some one of his company to read the Divine Service audibly
before them thrice a week at least, and if any be absent, to
cheque them for the first time his day's wages, and upon
further absence at his own discretion."
That all captains shall present true muster-rolls, upon pain
of losing six months' pay. That every captain deliver his
muster-roll upon his oath.
No captain to " hire or take to be mustered any soldiers or
any other persons to supply muster." No English captain of
100 men to keep in his band above four Irishmen, and a cap-
tain of 50 but two.
That no captain do license any soldier to depart without
entering his name with the Clerk of the Checque, and then
the Governor to license him but for two months, and in like sort
a captain or garrison man for three months. Such absentees
ELIZABETH. 73
1592.
to be checqued ; provided that if any so licensed be stayed
at the waterside for want of passage, he shall not be chec-
qued. Every captain to certify any diminution of his number.
No captain to present a soldier to musters without his fur-
niture complete.
No captain shall suffer any person's servant to have pay
within his band, but pay shall be only bestowed upon the
soldiers that shall personally serve.
Every captain to see to the preservation of armours and
weapons from wastes, spoils, and losses, and that their value
be defalked out of the wages of the soldiers as heretofore.
That all captains do pass their reckonings, or at least do
procure their " warrants of alterations " half-yearly to be signed
and allowed by the Governor.
Dated by Carew, " 1592."
Pp. 2.
Endorsed : An abstract of the orders for musters sent from
England and to be delivered to the captains of Ireland.
134. ULSTER.
Vol. 635, p. 76. A Report of the Forces of Ulster, according to a note
delivered unto Sir G. C[arew], in anno 1592, by an
Irishman.''*
In Tirconnel: 310 horse, 2,680 foot; (of these, 80 horse and
500 foot are retained by O'Donnell). Tyrone: 930 h.,
5,260 f. ; (of these 200 h. and 1,000 f. are retained by the
Earl of Tyrone.) Colrane: 400 h., 1,000 f. Farmanaghe :
250 h., 1,500 f. Monaghan: 120 h., 1,000 f. The Fuse:
GO h., 200 f. Orire : 60 h., 400 f. Killultogh : 20 h., 100 f.
Kilbarlin : 10 h., 1 20 f. Evaghe : 1 22 h., 610 f. Kinalertie :
30 h., 200 f. Upper Clandeboy : 80 h., 400 f. Nether Clande-
boy. 116 h., 760 f. The Rout : 90 h., 700 f. The Glynnes:
200 f.f Total: 2,238 horse, 15,130 foot ; 17,368 h. and f.
Copy. Pp. 2.
1593.
June 28. 135. The EARL OF TYRONE and SIR TIRLAGH O'NELE.
Vol. en, p, 230. Articles of agreement indented between Hugh Earl of
Tyrone and Sir Tirlagh O'Nele, before Sir William
FitzWilliams, Lord Deputy, and the Council, at Don-
dalke, 28 June 1593.
(1.) Whereas the said Earl has her Majesty's entertain-
ment for 50 horsemen to serve under him (636. 9s. tyd. ster.
a 3*ear), it is concluded that Sir Tirlagh shall receive the said
entertainment to his prope*- use during his life, according to
* These words, " by an Irishman," were added by Carcw.
The forces of each lord and gentleman within these countries arc specified.
74 CABEW MSS.
1593.
her Majesty's pleasure signified in the patents of the captainry
of Tyrone passed to him, finding the said horsemen to serve
her Majesty at the said Earl's charge.
(2.) Sir Tirlagh shall have the yearly rents and duties
payable by Magwyre, according to her Majesty's grant ; and
the said Earl shall constrain the said Magwyre and his heirs
to pay the same if they refuse to do so.
(3.) The said Earl is to pay to Sir Tirlagh so many cows
yearly as shall, after the rate of 20s. ster. the cow, make up,
together with the said entertainment and with Magwyre's
rent, 2,000. ster. ; provided always, that if the said entertain-
ment do, in the life of the said Sir Tirlagb, surcease by the
death of the said Earl or otherwise, that thenceforth the said
Earl, his heirs or assigns, shall pay to the said Sir Tirlagh, his
servants or assigns, in lieu of it, and to make up the said
2,000., the sum of 636Z. 9s. k\d. ster., or in default of money
a choice cow for every 20s. ster. ; such cows as shall be deli-
vered at May yearly to be in calf, and the cows to be delivered
at Hallowmas yearly to be sufficient beefs. 5s. extra to be
paid for every cow not delivered at the said feasts. The said
money or cows to be paid at Strabane or Bynnvorbe.
(4.) Sir Tirlagh shall have for life the towns and lands of
Strabane and Large Virnevie, and also the lands adjoining
Strabane (lying in length from Bundened in the north-east
to Bundowglishe in the south-west, and in breadth from the
river of Fynne to the river of Darge), free from all duties and
charges by the Earl ; " and also the town of Binvorbe or
Curren, with the half Ballebetaghe, with their appurtenances
next adjoining to such of the said towns as he shall choose ;
and the said Sir Tirlagh, taking his choice of the said house
and land of Binvorbe, or of the said house and land of Curren,
then such house of those as he shall make choice of to be
required by the Earl for Sir Tirlagh in convenient time."
(5.) Sir Tirlagh shall quietly, without the disturbance of the
Earl, receive three score cows yearly of O'Dogherty, and also
the one half of the duties due from Logh Foile and the Bande ;
the other half to be received by the Earl.
(6.) Also, whereas Sir Tirlagh demands of the Earl some
increase of pension over and above the said 2,0001., to be paid
in manner as laid down, whereto the Earl was unwilling to
yield, nevertheless the Earl and Sir Tirlagh have con-
descended and agreed to perform such order in that behalf as
O'Cahan, Cormocke, the Earl's brother, Henry Oge O'Nele,
and one of Sir Tirlagh's men, to be by him named, shall lay
down. The said [Earl] also promises to stand to the order
of the said arbitrators in the controversies betwixt Sir Tirlagh
and Art O'Nele, his son, touching certain lands, parcel of
Sir Tirlagh's ancient inheritance, now in the occupation of the
said Arthur, and shall cause the said Arthur to perform the
same.
ELIZABETH. 75
1593.
(7.) The Earl will endeavour to recover such spoils and
preys as Hugh Roe O'Donell hath taken from Ferdoroghe
O'Nele, Shane McTole, Art Umolaghe, and others ; all which
preys are included in the number of 2,000 cows, whereof com-
plaint was made by Sir Tirlagh in his articles of complaint
preferred at this assembly against the Earl.
(8.) The Earl promises to assist Sir Tirlagh against O'Donell
that now is or shall be, and other bad bordering neigh-
bours, having licence of the State to use force. He also
promises to restore Shane O'Donell, servant to Sir Tirlagh, to
all such spiritual livings as he held by the presentation of the
Lord Primate of Ardmaghe.
(9.) Sir Tirlagh shall receive such rents and duties out
of the lands of Sleveshees as were due and payable at Easter
or May last, and as yet not paid. The Earl shall cause
payment to be made to him of all rents due to him by such as
dwell in Tyreone, and shall cause Magwyre and O'Cahan to
pay Sir Tirlagh the arrear due upon them. He shall permit
Sir Tirlagh to receive such arrear as is behind this last year
of the Earl's entertainment for the horsemen aforesaid, and
pay to Sir Tirlagh such arrearages as are due "upon the lease
determined above the said entertainment."
(10.) The Earl and his heirs shall hold the territory and
lands of Tyreone against Sir Tirlagh and his heirs, discharged
of all such title and demand as Sir Tirlagh claimeth to have
in and to the same, or any part thereof, the castles, heredita-
ments, &c. hereby appointed to Sir Tirlagh excepted only for
term of his life ; and also excepted all the ancient inheritance
of Sir Tirlagh, to him and his heirs, saving that the said
ancient inheritance shall contribute pro rata as like lands in
the county shall do.
(11.) If any question or doubt do arise upon the construc-
tion of these articles, the same shall be expounded and ordered
by the Lord Deputy and Lord Chancellor, or such two of the
Privy Council within this realm as the said parties shall choose.
Signed: W. Fitz William ; Ad. Dublin., Cane.; Rob. Gar-
dener ; Tho. Midensis ; Geft'. Fenton ; George Bourcher.
" Ex', Geff. Fenton."
Copy. Pp. 4.
Sept. 136. ACCUSATIONS against SIR ROBERT DILLON and others.
Vol. 616, p. 64. *' Sheane McCongawney's Relation, written by himself in
Irish, and translated afterwards into English."
Delivered to the Lord Deputy and Council the 13th of
August, anno '93.
"This is the service which I have opened against Sir
Robert Dillon, viz., that O'Rwaircke sent the constable of
Longfort, Chr. Browne, to Sir Robert Dillon and Sir Lucas
Dillon, to know what course they would advise him to hold,
or whether they were able to do him good, or espy about
76 CAREW MSS.
151)3.
the Lord Deputy and Council, what disposition they bare
towards him ; and Sir Robert sent him answer that it was
hard for him to do him good, for that Sir Richard Byngham
had written into England how he had made a wooden image
for the Queen, and caused the same to be trailed at a horse's
tail, and kerne and horseboys to hurl stones at it, every day ;
and that therefore there was commission come from the
Council of England to apprehend O'Rwaircke, howsoever he
might be gotten, in war or peace.
" And moreover Sir Robert Dillon sent him weeting
how the Lord Deputy said, if he were taken in peace or war,
the usage meet to be holden towards him was, to bind his tail
to a board, and to cram him with meat until his belly
bursted. And O'Rwaircke was upon Lough Moiltaghar, when
Chr. Browne brought him these intelligences, and he brake the
letter immediately after Christopher had left it him, and I
myself was present that day. And therefore it was that Sir
Robert might not help him, and thus much might suffice him
for intelligence, and he wished him to be assured of all that
Chr. Browne should tell him. And within two days after,
O'Rwaircke sent for the McSwines of Tirconill.
" And further, when certain bands of soldiers went into
McWilliam Burg's country, Christopher sent O'R. word that
he had been at Dublin, and had gotten most certain weeting
from those of his acquaintance, that when they had brought
in that country, they would make seeming to dissolve and
disperse them, but they had commandment from the Lord
Deputy to invade O'Rwaircke, one company from Connaught
and another from the country of Longforte, by reason whereof
O'R. sent for Murgha na Mart, who was with Captain Byng-
ham in Connaught.
" And whatsoever other service I have disclosed to the
Council, I have the copy of it ; and the cause why I have
written this is, for that the Council do not understand my
language, and also for another reason, that I know not what
the interpreter declares, and that I wot not but that he might
leave some things unexpounded to the Lord Deputy or the
Council which I should speak. And further, truly I will stand
to all this for the Queen, here or before the Council of England,
wheresoever I shall happen to be, there or here.
" JOHANNES MACCONGAWNEY."
II. " The true Copy of a Relation made by Cairbre Treawair,
the 10th of February, to the Lords of Delvin and
Howthe, William Nugent, and Patrick Bermyngham,
at the Castle of the Crane in Dublin, the said Cairbre
at that time being in her Majesty's protection ; which
relation written by the said Cairbre is yet extant and
to be seen in the hands of the said William Nugent."
Delivered to the Lord Deputy and Council, 13 August in '93.
" Upon the time that my Lord Deputy granted a protection
to Sir Brian O'Rwaircke, and sought to have my Lord of
ELIZABETH. 77
1593.
Meath, Sir Robert Dillon, Sir Henry Harington, and Sir
Thomas LeStraung to be his sate conductors going and coming
besides his protection, the day that they should go to bring
him Sir R. Dillon took upon him to prepare himself and go
among the rest, which he never meant to do indeed, but
after that he put on his boots and spurs, went in the Castle to
my Lord Deputy, and took his excuse that he could not go
upon that journey. The excuse I know not, but my Lord
Deputy was not well pleased with it.
" And after he came forth he did send a certain friend of
his to the Castle again to one Charles Treawer, who was
prisoner, then servant to Sir B. O'Rwaircke, and willed him
to write to his master that he should not appear at all," for
that if the Lord Deputy " had him under his lee, he should
make him eat his fill and stop his body, and put him in a
chair, to be there an example as long as one piece of him
should stand together."
Le Straung and Harington waited at Longfort for Sir
Brian's coming, but upon the receipt of that letter he turned
home again.
III. "A Relation delivered by John Garlond to the Lords
of Delvin and Howthe, in the Easter Term, anno 1593.
" When I was sent from Sir John Perrot with letters to
O'Rwaircke by direction of the Lords of H.M. Privy Council
in England, within a two months after mine arrival here, I
set forward to perform that service, attended upon by my
brother Patrick Garlond and my horseboy Richard Neile.
And being come as far as Mr. Rowrye O'Ferall's house in
the Analy, he sent one with me to be my guide. Hav-
ing travelled so far as to the woods beyond Longfort, we
overtook three men on foot, whereof one carried a bottle of
aqua vit<v, the other a small barrel of gunpowder, and the
third, who ware a hat, bare in the skirt of his mantle some
heavy thing, which to our seeming should be lead. We made
no long tarrying with these fellows, misdoubting the danger
of the way, by reason that O'Rwaircke was (not long before)
fallen into rebellion. This was on Tuesday, and we held on
our journey towards O'Rwaircke, to whom we came the
morrow after and accompanied him to Loughfguire.
" Upon Thursday the three footmen before mentioned
arrived there, where O'Rwaircke, being at dinner, called for
Chr. Browne's man, whereupon he that had carried the gun-
powder, leaving off his mantle, stood up and answered.
Then said O'R, ' I will drink to thy master and to my friend's
man there with thee. Thank thy master for the aqua vital
and munition which he hath sent me ; pray him to send me
more, and tell him I will pay him for it to his own contenta-
tion, and (that I may not forget it) commend me to Tanckerd's
daughter.' At these words one of O'R.'s men that waited did
shake his head, as seeming to mislike with him.
78 CAREW MSS.
1593.*
" Hearing these things I rowned my brother in the ear, say-
ing, ' Brother, what traitorly knaves be these ? ' Wherewith
he jogged me on the elbow, and I bade him say nothing, but
mark all things that should be spoken or done.
" Dinner being ended, as O'R. was going forth at the door,
Chr. Browne's man stepped to him, and pulling him by the
cloak, for I remember he ware a long black cloak, said,
'Christopher wisheth you to give credit to anything that
this messenger of Sir R. Dillon's shall tell you ; and now, if
you will anything with us, let us understand it, for we would
fain be going.
" Before we had come from the Lough, O'R's letter being
written, his secretary, finding me and my brother together,
said these words : ' O'R. marvels greatly that Sir John Perrot
is so earnest in persuading him to come in and not to
stand to his defence against the Lord Deputy, considering
that sundry as well of Sir John's inward friends as O'R's
friends in the English Pale, and among the rest Sir Robert
Dillon, do forbid him in anywise to trust the Lord Deputy
or Sir Richard Byngham, affirming, if he do, that he shall
leese his head ; for you* were not past a week in Ireland
when Sir Robert Dillon sent him warning that he should not
give credit to you nor to Sir John Perrot's letters, for all was
but to betray him.
" My brother and the guide wished me to come in company
with those messengers of Sir Robert Dillon and Chr.
Browne the shortest way towards Longfort, but I refused so
to do, telling my brother that I would never keep company
with such traitorly knaves, bidding him to note well what he
saw and heard.
" The messengers, driving with them a six or seven heads
of cows and garans, departed, which Rowrye O'Ferall's man,
that was our guide, saw as well as we.
"After we were come over the Lough, and that O'R. was on
horseback, I being come to take leave of him, he laid his
hand upon my shoulder, and said, ' John Garlond, I thank you
for your pains, and I would you had comen a six or seven
weeks sooner, for then had I not done that which I have done ;
but now I am so far gone as I cannot draw back again,
without the Queen will use grace towards me. And you were
not in Ireland a week when Sir Robert Dillon sent me warn-
ing that I should not give credit to you nor your letters, as
Edmund McSheane here can tell (meaning his secretary) ; and
here is now again his messenger comen with Chr. Browne's
man yonder, and he wisheth me in any wise not to come in,
assuring me, if I do, that I shall lose my life/ Which words
my brother heard, and may remember, if he please."
' i.e., John Garlond.
ELIZABETH. 79
1593.
IV. " The Relation of Patrick Garlond made to the Lords
of Delvin and Howthe the 8th of August 1593, at
Howthe.
" Delivered to the Lord Deputy and Council the 13th Au-
gust in '93."
Description of the journey made l>y himself and his brother
John to O'Rwaircke, similar to that in the preceding docu-
ment. He then proceeds to say :
" After our return from O'R.'s country my brother sent me
before him to Dublin, where I repaired to Sir Lucas Dillon's
house, whom I found in his hall walking with Sir Robert
Dillon. Sir Lucas asked me, ' What news from O'R. ? ' I told
him he was out and would not come in, and all was long of
them, as he affirmed. Sir Lucas asked of whom. I answered,
' Of you and Sir Robert Dillon, and others his friends.' With
this Sir Robert stormed, and said, ' God's body ! not I ; the
knave lies ! ' Then said Sir Lucas, * Fear not, Sir Robert ; I
warrant you Pat. Garlond is an honest man ; he will say
nothing.' And therewith Sir Lucas and Sir Robert went from
me to the window towards the garden, where they talked
together in secret a little while. And after Sir Lucas put his
hand into his pocket, and gave me a twenty shillings sterling in
money, saying, 'Pat, stay within the house, and go not
abroad, and say nothing ! ' And then Sir Robert, well quieted,
and he went together to the Castle."
V. " The 15th of August '93, in the forenoon, Jo. Garlond, at
the Castle of the Crane in Dublin, added further to
his former relation, in presence of the Lords of Delvin
and Howthe, William Nugent, and Patrick Bermyng-
ham, this following :
"After my brother Pat. was departed from me, I took
my way to Agher, where, being something diseased with a
flixe, I sojourned for certain days. Sir Lucas Dillon, one day
coming thither from his house of Moymet, asked whether his
cousin George Garlond was at home ; and being answered that
he was not, he asked mine aunt whether I were there. She
told him I was, and he prayed her to call me to him. When
I came to the door, where I found him on horseback, he bade
me welcome, and prayed me to pull on my boots, and ride
with him a piece in his way. I said I could not. ' Go to ! I
pray you come,' quoth he. Then I made me ready, and rode
with him a part in the way towards Maynoothe, where (as
we rid together) he had this speech with me, viz., ' Cousin
Garlond, your brother hath been with me at Dublin, and told
me that Chr. Browne sent certain aqua, vitcn, powder, and
lead to O'Rwaircke when you were there/ Then said I,
* What more did he tell you ? ' ' Marry ! ' quoth he, ' he told me
there, were some of Sir John Perrott's friends and of O'R's
also, who warned him not to give credit to you nor the letters
80 CAREW MSS.
1593.
you carried, and, if he did, that he should leese his head : and
I pray you who be those?' I answered, 'The Bishop of
Laighlin for one, and one Mr. White, and you and Sir Robert
Dillon.' Then said Sir Luoas, * I had lever he were hanged
than that he should prove that.' And so we left at that time.
" Being to return from him, he asked me when I would beat
Dublin. I said within a ten or twelve days, when I were well ;
and so we departed, I returning back to mine uncle's house
again, where, when I was come, mine aunt asked, ' I pray you
what great counselship was this betwixt you and Sir Lucas
Dillon ? I am glad that you are taken up with such great
men. It is well that Sir Lucas Dillon stays for you until you
have pulled on your boots. Nephew, there is something in the
wind when such men stay for you."
"After my recovery, when 1 went to Dublin, I repaired to
Sir Lucas his house, where I supped with him. Supper being
done, he commanded all his servants out of the chamber, and
locked the door himself, and then fell in talk with me of Chr.
Browne, of whom, when I had said that he was a traitorly
knave, Sir Lucas said, 'John Garlond,you mean to go into Eng-
land shortly.' ' Yea, marry do I,' said I. Then he leaned with
one elbow upon the bed, which was low, and his knee almost
laid upon the ground, with tears standing in his eyes, lifted
up his hands, saying, ' John Garland, I desire thee, for the
passion of God, not to bring Chr. Browne in question ; for if
you do, you undo him and me and all my friends. I will be thy
friend during thy life, and I will never see you want anything
as long as I live.' Within a little while after he gave me
forty shillings in money and a grey nag. Not long after I
went into England, and returned hither back again. At my
next going over, which was with the examinations of the
priest Sir Dennis [O'Roughan], that I carried in a bag, Sir
Lucas gave me 51. sterling in money, and said, ' John Garlond,
look well to this ; if this were taken, it is as much as my
neck is worth, and all that ever I have.' "
VI. "The last part disclosed by Jo. Garlond, tending to
the proof of Sir R. Dillon's traitorous practice with
O'Rwaircke ; by him opened to the Lords of Delvin and
Ilowthe, William Nugent, and Pat. Bermyngham, the
llth of September 1593, and by them delivered to the
Lord Deputy and Council at Killmaynham the 13th of
the same."
" When I landed at Chester, being returned into England
with the answers of O'Neile, O'Rwaircke, and others of
the Irishry upon those letters which I brought them from Sir
Jo. Perrot, there I met Sir Edward More, who delivered me a
letter from Sir John, which I have forthcoming. This letter,
among other things, bare special direction that I should come
with Sir Thomas Cecile into Ireland, and attend upon him
during his abode here, &c., which I did accordingly, sending my
ELIZABETH. 81
1593.
brother Patrick with my packet and certain hawks to Sir
John. At my return into England again in company of Sir
Thomas, I carried, among other letters, one from Sir Lucas
Dillon, who at my leave-taking bestowed a hackney upon me.
" When I was come to Sir John and delivered my letters, he
commanded the rest of his servants to avoid, which done, and I
having shut the chamber door, he said, ' God's wounds! Garlond,
hast thou not heard how that same blind villain hath played
the traitor, first with the Queen and after with me?' I asked,
' Who, Sir ? ' He answered, ' That blind traitorly villain Sir
R Dillon.' And drawing forth of his desk the packet which
I had before sent him by my brother, pulling out of the packet
a letter, and out of that letter another written paper, he said,
' Here is a note which O'Rwaii'cke sent me in his letter of
their names who forbade him to come in ; and he was the
only principal man, as I understand by O'Rwaircke ; but, by
God's wounds ! I know who set him bn. I do not marvel
that he should play the traitor now, for he played the villain
with me when I was in Ireland Deputy, and I knew it very
well ; but, by God's wounds ! J shall want of my will but I
will hang him.' Then said I, ' By God ! Sir, if you do, you
will hang another with him, whom you think very well of.'
' Why, who is that ? ' said he. I said, ' Sir Lucas Dillon ; for
if you bring him in question you must bring Sir Lucas in
question too.' He said, ' Nay, God's wounds ! I would not
do that for a thousand pounds.' I said, ' By God ! then, you
must let the other alone.' Then said Sir John, ' Garlond, how
hath Sir Lucas dealt with you ? ' I answered, ' Well, Sii\'
Then he nodded, smiling, and said, ' That is because thou
canst tell tales of him and that blind villain : I know what
thou canst say as well as thyself; but i'faith, Garlond, what
did he give thee, or what did he promise thee ?' I told him
he promised to keep me two horses and a boy, and that I
should myself be allowed as long and as oft as I would during
my life to lie and remain at his house, and that he would,
under his hand and seal, bind his son and heir to give me the
same allowance all the days of his life. At my next return
into Ireland I told him also that he had given me five pounds
and a nag at my leave-taking. Sir John said, ' God's wounds !
1 think I shall let the blind villain escape for Sir Lucas
Dillon's sake, for fear lest I should bring his name in question.'
" At my next coming into Ireland, which was betwixt the
Christeumas and Shrovetide following, when I went to take
leave of Sir John Perrot at Greenwich, he having written
letters by me to sundry of his friends here, and having gotten
me allowance of packet money, though I came but with private
letters only, said to me these words, ' Garlond, commend me
to Sir Lucas Dillon, for he is one of the best friends I have
there, and I charge you, as you look for any good at my hand,
do not touch him, for, by God's wounds ! if you do, I will hang
you.' As I was taking my leave, he caused his servant Main-
3 F
82 CAREW MSS.
1593.
wareing to give me forty shillings in gold, and caused also
his secretary James to write to Rise Thomas, who kept his
wardrobe at Yorcke House in London, to deliver me his Irish
ash-colour cloak, which was thick laid on with gold lace
over the sleeves ; and taking me by the hand (a thing extra-
ordinary for him to do to any of his servants), said, ' Farewell,
Garlond ; commend me to all my good friends in Ireland. As
for those that are not my friends, I care not toat they were
all hanged.'
" The morning next after my landing at Dublin, which was,
as I remember, a week before Shrovetide, I repaired to Sir
Lucas Dillon's house in St. Nicholas' Street, to whom, being
in his study, I delivered Sir John Perrot's letter. He wel-
comed me very kindly, and after he had read the letter he said,
' Jo. Garlond, I think myself greatly beholden to you for the
good report you have made of me to Sir Jo. Perrot, as I
understand by his letter. Have you seen my cousin Sir
Robert since your coming ? ' I answered, ' No.' Then said he,
' He is below in the garden : I pray you do so much as desire
him to come up hither.' Then went I down to the garden,
where I found Sir R. Dillon and Fergus O'Ferall walking
together ; but Sir Robert, so soon as I came thither, brake
off his talk and company with him, and coming towards me,
said, * gentleman, are you there ? You are welcome out of
England.' I thanked him, and told him Sir Lucas desired
him to go up unto him. He said, ' I will do so when I have
walked half a dozen turns with you.' And then said he, ' I
am sorry that Sir John Perrot is such an enemy to me ; he
hath undone and discredited me with the Queen and the
Council there ; he hath brought me upon my knees.' I said,
' If you had not deserved it, I am sure he would not have done
so ; but, by God ! I know, were it not for fear lest he should
bring Sir Lucas Dillon in question, he sware God's wounds
he would hang you.' ' I sent him a goshawk,' said lie, ' by
my son Patrick Sadgrave, but he refused it, and was at defi-
ance with me and my hawk.' ' Well,' quoth I, ' Sir John told
me so much, and said he would rather see you and your hawk
hanged than he would be beholden to you for a hawk ; but if
you had sent her by me, I think I would have used that office
that would have made him to receive your hawk.' Then went
he up to Sir Lucas his study ; I went up also, and stayed
without in the chamber. After they two had been some
quarter of an hour there together, and that Sir Lucas, as I
imagined, had showed him Sir Jo. Perrot's letter, they came
both together out of the study into the chamber, and Sir
Lucas said, * Cousin Sir Robert, John Garlond hath dealt
honestly and like a gentleman with you and me ; therefore I
would have you to deal well with him, and use him like a
gentleman, for he hath deserved it well at our hands.'
" Then Sir Lucas willed me to call his man Shea, who
being come up, Sir Lucas said, ' Shea, send for some white
ELIZABETH. 83
1593.
wine to John Garlond for his welcome.' The wine being come*
Fergus O'Ferall being brought in also to drink, when we had
drunken, Sir Lucas, taking Fergus with him down, said, ' Well,
cousin Sir Robert, I will leave you and John Garlond together,
and Fergus and I will walk into the garden.' And so they
went down together, leaving Sir Robert and me in the chamber,
whence Sir R. went into the study, and there remained a
short while, and after anon asked, ' Who is there without?'
I answered, ' None but I, Sir.' ' Sir,' quoth he, * I pray
you come ii.' I went in, and he said, 'John Garlond, I under-
stand, by my cousin Sir Lucas, that you have dealt very
justly and truly with him and with me, and whatsoever he
hath promised you I dare undertake he will perform it ; and
as for mine own part, assure yourself, if I may do you any
good, I will be ready to do you a good turn as soon as any
friend you have in Ireland.' And therewith he put bis hand
into his pocket, and drew out, lapped in a piece of brown
paper, ten angels, which he delivered me, saying, ' John
Garlond, here is a token of goodwill for you until a better
come, and if your master were not, I should be able to give you
a better ;' and then embracing me, said, ' John Garlond, you
are welcome, and I thank you with all my heart/ Then he
and I went down immediately to the garden, where Sir Lucas
and Fergus O'Ferall walked together. Then Sir Lucas said,
' Cousin Sir R., I pray you that you will sup with me here
this night, for John Garlond and we will be merry ; and,
cousin Fergus, I pray you, sup you with us too.' We supped
there together that night, and so departed.
" At my last coming into Ireland (which I trow was about
& twelvemonth past), after my landing, I went late in the
evening to see Sir R. Dillon, and being told at his lodging that
he was gone to see Mrs. Parkins, I went thither, and found
him in talk with her in her garden. She having departed
into her house, I walked with Sir Robert half a dozen turns,
talking of the proceeding of his man Anthony Dillon in
England, and thence brought him to his lodging.
" At my departing he prayed me to see him the next
morning, and so I did. I found him in his hall, accompanied
with Mr. Fytton and one more. Sir Robert, making towards
me, said, ' You are welcome, gentle John ;' whereupon Mr.
Fytton and the other departed. Then he said, embracing me,
' By my troth ! Jo. Garlond. you are welcome. I heard say
you have behaved yourself like a gentleman, and I am glad of it.
And now tell me what news, I pray you.' I said, ' By iny
troth ! I have no news, but I did abide a year's imprisonment
for Sir Lucas Dillon and you, for Captain Wooddhowse
charged me before the Commissioners that I could accuse Sir
Lucas Dillon ; and you know what pi-omise Sir Lucas made
me, but now he is dead, and may not perform it ; howbeit I
hope, if you be out, you will remember me, and use me as I
have deserved.' Whereunto he said, 'Assure yourself, John .
F 2
84 CAREW MSS.
1:93.
whensoever I ain abroad you shall not want anything that I
have.' And so we departed."
VII. " Arguments gathered upon the relations of the Priest,*
John Garlonde, Carbre OTreawair, and Patrick Gar-
londe, tending to the proof of the practice of Sir R.
Dillon, Sir L. Dillon, and Chr. Brown with O'Rwaircke
in his late rebellion.
" The concurrency of the relations laid down in this book,
as of that of the priest with Carbre OTreawair, in the image
made for the Queen, and the Lord Deputy's words uttered in
secret to Sir Ho. Dillon of O'Rwaircke ; also with Jo. Garlond
and Patrick Garlond in charging Sir Ro., Sir Lucas, and Chr.
Browne, seem to fortify greatly each other, and do sufficiently
prove the points wherein they agree. Where it is to be con-
sidered that the Garlonds have not so much as any little
acquaintance with the other two, whereby they might be
suspected to have devised this betwixt them.
" Also that Jo. Garlond gave some touch of this in England,
ere ever Sir Ro. Dillon came in question for any matter here,
as it was confessed by Sir Ro. Gardener before the Lord Deputy
and Council, being by Garlond avouched for witness thereof.
Neither doth it much weaken the priest's evidence that some
have said he hath showed himself inconstant, some time
denying that which he first affirmed ; where he hath written,
as is to be seen, that when he first was examined by the Lord
Deputy and the Lord Bishop of Meath, who desired to find
some matter against William Nugent, and that he, to redeem
his own life out of danger, disclosed to them the particular of
that wherein his service might advantage the Queen, detecting
Sir R. Dillon, the Lord Deputy sware he would hang him,
saying that he could not be content to be a bad man while
he was with O'Rwaircke, but he must now belie the Queen's
subjects : by which threats if he were made to retract, it is
no great wonder."
Cairbre O Treawair, being twice examined upon William
Nugent, refused to reveal the party whom he had to charge
without assurance of his pardon ; but he was rejected by the
Lord Deputy. Whereupon he attempted Sir. R. Gardener,
who, as the Lord Deputy had appointed others of the Council
to examine him, would not meddle in their charge ; so he
cometh to the Lords of Delvin and Howethe, William Nugent,
and Patrick Bermyngham, and at the'said Lord of Delvin's
house in Dublin did with his own hand write the second
relation laid down in this book.
Here follow numerous comments on the evidence given by
John and Patrick Garlond, insisting on the guilt of Sir
Robert Dillon, Sir Lucas Dillon, and Christopher Browne.
Sir Denis O'Rowghan.
ELIZABETH. 85
1593.
" Last of all, the testimony of the Lords of H.M. Privy
Council of John Garlond's honesty, his dutiful and faithful be-
haviour in her Majesty's service, more strong out of comparison
than any exception to the contrary, fortifieth the credit of
his witness."
VIIL *' A Note of such the Lord Deputy's* favours showed to
Sir Robert Dillon since his coming out of England,
as were open, and are by us able to be proved.
" 1. The morrow after his landing here he rode with the Lord
Deputy to the church in great pride, familiarly conferring
with him by the way.
" 2. When William Nugent demanded protection for Carbre
O'Treawair the 2nd of August, the Lord Deputy denied it, say-
ing Carbrey was the arrantest traitor in all Ireland. Nugent
said that his Lp. had yet protected him before that time.
' Yea, Mr. Nugent.' said he, 'that protection was upon letters
out of England, and for a matter concerning you ;' so as he
thought him a meet man to be examined upon Nugent, and
for that purpose twice protected him ; but when he was to be
examined upon Sir R. Dillon, he took exception to him. But
yet after this, the 13th of August, the same demand being
made again for Carbrei's protection, a full Council then being
there, it was granted.
" 3. When Jo. Garlond, being commanded by the Council to
attend at Dublin for this service, was maliciously arrested by
Sir Robert Dillon's son-in-law, and the same was complained
by William Nugent, who besought the Lord Deputy to give
order for discharging him of that arrest, he showed discon-
tentment that Nugent would trouble him with his importunity,
saying it was reason that men should pay their debts.
Nugent said he would be bound for him in any bond. The
Lord Deputy said he had not to do to take sureties, and so
departed out of the Council chamber ; but two of the judges
going forth after him, said, ' We have commanded him to stay
for the Queen's service, and we will protect him.' And so,
when the Council came there again in the afternoon, there was
order given for Garlond's discharge.
" 4. The Lord Deputy and Council having written for the
party that procured the arrest of Garlond, viz., Sir Robert
Dillon's son-in-law, determining to punish him for arresting
Garlond, he never made appearance. The same was remem-
bered to the Lord Deputy, yet he never punished him for
that contempt.
" 5. The Cowarba of Drumrela was a very inward man with
the late O'Rwaircke. This man being alighted into the hands
of the sheriff of the county of Letrym, and the agents in
these matters understanding the same, moved the Lord
* Sir William FitzWilliam.
1 3 *
86 CAREW MSS.
1593.
Deputy and Council that the sheriff might be caused to send
him to be examined upon Sir R. Dillon. Commandment was
sent to the sheriff to that effect very peremptory. The
sheriff dismissed the prisoner for certain money, and (as it
was informed to the Lord Deputy) for the use, or rather the
abuse, of his sister. The Lord Deputy seemed to be greatly
moved hereat, and threatened to punish it severely ; but yet
the sheriff is now in the English Pale, and nothing said to
him for this.
" 6. After the examinations heard and the relations seen of
the priest, Carbrey O'Treawair, and both the Garlands, when
all men had now in their own opinions seemed to condemn
Sir Robert Dillon ; the Lord Deputy, with the Lord Chan-
cellor and others of the Council, being at the hills, of Taraghe
to take view of the musters of the English Pale, he graced
Sir R Dillon in the presence of all that assembly, using him
as a special councillor and assistant in all public actions by
him there done, to the wonder and astonishment of all those
that saw him, and that night after lay at his house.
" 7. Where Chr. Browne was bound in recognizance to be at
Dublin in the Easter term '93, and was not, yet he is not
called upon for his recognizance, though the same were
remembered to the Lord Deputy the last day of that term.
" 8. It hath been often demanded that he might be com-
mitted in respect that the priest chargeth him to his face,
and the Garlonds by means, but it hath never been granted.
" 9. It hath likewise been often urged that the agents and
the priest might be brought face to face before the Lord
Deputy and Council, whereby no doubt there would practices
appear that as yet be hidden, but it is ever avoided.
" 10. Where there was direction sent from the Lord Deputy
and Council to Sir John Noreys to send O'Rwaircke's secretary
to them, and a protection also sent to him, the same was
delivered to the Lord of Delvin, who sent his footman to seek
for the secretary in Munster. He could not find him, but
yet hath heard where he hath been the very night before his
own arrival in the same place. After the return of the mes-
senger, when the Lord of Delvin told what success he had,
the Lord Deputy said, ' Why, I understand the secretary was
gone into Spain a quarter of a year since.'
"11. Sir R. Dillon sat in Council not past three or four days
before his going into England now last, which by some of the
Council was thought strange.
" 12. Richard Neile, who was with John Garlond at
O'Rwaircke's, was not examined, and yet the same was de-
manded."
Signed : C. Delvin, H. Howthe, William Nugent, P. Ber-
mingham.
Pp. 22. Endorsed.
ELIZABETH. 87
1594.
March 14. , OPf The EARL OF TYRONE and SIR HENRY BAGNALL.
lo/ .
Vol. 617, p. 205. "A Note of sundry Causes and Articles wherewith the
Earl of Tyrone is grieved."
(1.) The Marshal (Sir Henry Bagnall), having possessed the
now Lord Deputy (Sir W. Fitz William) with many bribes in
plate and great sums of money wrested from the inhabitants
under his rule, hath, in June last, by false accusations of
treason sought the Earl's life, and produced base men to prove
the same when the Lord Deputy and Council were at Dundalk,
who have brought disquietness into all these northern parts.
(2.) When the Earl brought into subjection the Upper
Clandhuboies in the time of Con McNeile Oge, Kilultagh,
Kilwarlyn, MacCartan's country, O'Hanlon's country, and all
McMahon's country, such as appertained to the Earl (bearing
rule in any of those places) were removed, and base and
servile fellows of the Marshal's faction were placed in their
rooms.
(3.) All gentlemen bearing affection towards the Earl are
put from having any place of credit or government,
and those that have served under them, either as officers,
soldiers, or servants, are preferred.before them ; so that, though
the Earl could digest the villainy of Thomas Henshawe, now
seneschal of co. Monaghon, William Mote, vice-constable of
the fort, and many more (who, being instruments of the
Marshal, do nothing else but seek to cut the Earl's throat),
all the Earl's followers and tenants do so much loathe and hate
those parties as they will never trust them or come at them ;
whereas if any gentlemen of good minds or calling were in
the places of these base men, they would yield the Earl
assistance in her Majesty's service.
(4.) The Earl's foster brothers, Captain Richard and Henry
Hovendon, having the leading of 200 footmen upon the
Earl's charges, overthrew 500 or 600 Spaniards in Tire-
Connell, and brought all the best of them to the Earl, whom
he sent to the now Lord Deputy ; but neither they nor
the Earl had any recompence for that service, or so much as
part of the ransom of those prisoners (which was great), the}'
being greatly indebted for the furnishing of their companies
at that time.
(5.) In the late service against Magwire it was promised to
the Earl that he should be in commission, and he promised
the Lord Chancellor (Archbishop Loftus) that he would come
with the Marshal in that service, without remembering any
causes of discord between them, being greatly moved against
Magwire, in that he brake his word with him. That service
cost him near 3,000. ster., for which and the loss of his blood
he had no thanks, but was called traitor by the Lord Deputy
at his own table ; while the Marshal (having only her Ma-
jesty's forces and none of his own) obtained a concordatum
of 400J.
88 CAREW MSS.
(6.) The Earl and the Marshal encamping in Fermanaghe,
the Marshal caused a false alarm to be suddenly raised in his
camp, in hope to find him unwatchful.
(7.) When the Earl requested but 200 soldiers to enable
his company to go upon the borders of Tireconnell to take a
prey, the Marshal would let him have only about 60 or 80
men, the refuse of several companies. The Earl, however, set
forward, after obtaining the Marshal's promise that he would
follow next day, and meet the Earl's men the second night at
" Le Place " in Termon Magrath ; but the Marshal came not
until the third or fourth night, wherein he colorably betrayed
the Earl and all his company, who had to continue in arms
day and night until he came.
(8.) After the overthrow given at Beeleke by the Earl's
means, wherein he himself was sore hurt, the Earl wrote to
the Lord Deputy and Council of the manner of the service,
and showed the letter to the Marshal, at whose request he
added that both himself and the Marshal did kill of the
enemies with their own hands, though there was no eye-
witness of the Marshal's killing any man ; but the Marshal in
his letter made no mention of the Earl according to promise.
(9.) " In the time of government of Sir John Perrot, the
Earl brought unto him, to Drogheda, Sir Rosse McMahon,
Knight, for defraying of whose charges then the Earl gave his
word to the town there for the sum of 1881. ster. The said
Sir Rosse had also the Earl's daughter to wife, with whom he
gave a large portion of his goods in marriage. And the Earl,
having exhibited complaint hereupon in England, brought
direction from thence that the said sum [of] 188?. ster., as also
the goods which he gave with his daughter, might be paid unto
the Earl out of McMahon 's country, or else by such to whom
the country is fallen, or otherwise that his daughter in lieu of
her marriage goods should have a third part of that country
for her dowry ; in neither of all which the Earl hath got no
satisfaction. And when the country was divided every
peddling merchant, and other men of no account or desert, had
a share thereof ; and the Marshal (who never took pains in
bringing of that country to subjection) had a great part of it
almost within some part of the Earl's inhabitants ; and the
Earl himself, neither for payment of the said debts or for his
service done in that country, had any part thereof"
(10.) The Lord Deputy and Marshal are knit together against
the Earl, and do [seek] and have sought his life. They are
greatly befriended in Court, while the Earl himself, since
the death of the Earl of Leicester, the late Lord Chancellor
(Hattou), Sir Francis Walsingham, and others of his friends
in England, is destitute of friends. Therefore, although for
the confidence he has in the Lord Chancellor and Sir Robert
Gardiner, and also in Sir Anthony St. Lieger (third now in
commission), he is come to them, nevertheless the Earl
will use the best means he can for preserving his life, and will
ELIZABETH. 89
1594.
not trust those that seek his death by such indirect means ;
yet he will be true and faithful to her Highness.
(11.) Hugh Roe McMahon, succeeding his brother Sir Rosse
McMahon by virtue of her Majesty's letters patents, and
coming to the State upon the word of a nobleman here,
and the word also of Henry Moore, deceased, a gentleman of
worship, was afterwards executed as a traitor for distraining
for his right according to custom.
(12.) The Lord Deputy sent Humfrey Willis and John
Fuller, a couple of base men, with 300 men or more, to invade
Fermanagh suddenly, upon pretence that the said Humfrey
Willis went thither as sheriff; whereupon Magwire gathered
600 or 700 men, and besieged them in a church. The Earl
rescued them, and procured licence for them safely to return
with bag and baggage.
(13.) " When the Lord Deputy made a journey into Tire-
connell (after the said Hovendons overthrew the Spaniards)
Sir Owen O'Toole, Knight, came to his Lo. upon his word, and
he promised (as by witness shall be proved) not to take him
any further than Donnigall, being ten miles from the said
Sir Owen's house, where the Lord Deputy then was, which was
not performed, for that Sir Owen is detained prisoner ever
sithence," though he had done good service. This has made
the now O'Donnell to be most fearful.
(14.) These dealings have caused the Earl to fear his life in
coming to the State and to bring in any other.
(15.) The Marshal (unknown to her Majesty and the
Council of England) has procured a commission to end
and determine all causes in Ulster, and appointed a chief
sergeant to execute all his orders. The Earl is not well
pleased that the Marshal should bear that sway over him.
(16.) Whereas the late Marsha] (Sir Nicholas Bagnall) left
his daughter, now married to the Earl, 1,0001. current money
of England for her preferment, the present Marshal (" sithence
the said marriage, being two years and upwards ") wrongfully
detains and withholds the said sum.
(17.) Finally, forasmuch as neither the Earl himself nor
any the inhabitants of his country can abide or digest the
said malicious practices against him (insomuch as the chiefest
in his country were ready to tear him for his coming in to
your Honours), he therefore humbly prays that it would
please her Highness to remove those base, covetous, and
cowardly persons that only seek his overthrow.
Signed : Hugh Tirone.
" These articles were delivered to us the Commissioners, the
14th day of March 1593, by the Earl of Tyrone. Ad. Dublin.,
cane., Rob. Gardener, Antb. St. Leiger."
" Ex', Geff. Fenton."
Copy. Pp. 7.
90
CAREW MSS.
1594.
May 3. 138. The QUEEN'S INSTBUCTIONS to SIR WILLIAM KUSSELL.
Vol. esa. p. 112s. Dated 3 May 1594.
Deliver our letters to our former Deputy (FitzWilliam) and
Council, whereby we do signify to them our choice of you to
be Deputy there.
After you have received the sword, you shall, in the place
of Council, require to be informed of the general state of that
realm ; of the causes in Ulster, both touching the rebels
Ma^wire, young O'Rwrke, and certain of the McMahones, and
the behaviour of O'Donill ; of the Earl of Tyrone's proceed-
in^ since his last being at Dundalk with our Commissioners,
and what opinion they have of his disposition to behave
himself like a loyal subject, and to serve us by subduing
Magwire and the other rebels, and containing O'Donnell in
his duty ; of the disposition of Tyrloughe Lennoughe ; and of
the state of the Irish captains and the Scots having possessions
in the north part of Ulster. We hear not of any public
disturbance in any other part of the realm than Ulster, which
is to be taken in hand without delay.
Require our former Deputy and the Council to deliver you
in writing the state of Leinster and Connaught, and what
persons of any note or value are known to be rebellious. As
soon as your leisure shall serve, provide for the remedy of the
disorders therein.
The Earl of Tyrone of late forbare to come to our Commis-
sioners at Dondalke with such readiness as he ought to have
done, pretending that he lived in fear of his life, by reason of
malice borne to him by Sir William Fitz Williams, then
Deputy, and Sir Henry Bagnall, then Marshal. He came to
them after some delays, exhibiting in writing sundry griefs
and wrongs done to him by the then Deputy and Marshal,
but yielding his oath and writing to continue a loyal and
obedient subject. Thereupon we commanded our Commis-
sioners to let him understand that we were resolved to revoke
Sir William Fitz Williams from the office, and that the Marshal
should nowise attempt anything against the Earl and his
people.
Should these measures fail to bring Ulster to good obedience
yovi are to use your authority, with our Council, and the aid
of our forces there, to procure redress ; and we will send you
some augmentation of forces.
As to the general government of our realm, " have special
care, by conferring with such of our Council as are well
affected, to see the retaining of our good subjects in their
duty towards God, according to the religion established there
by law, and to restrain others from defection, and especially
from adhering to the Pope."
Give your assistance to the Commission Ecclesiastical.
We have supplied with men out of England certain judicial
places, occupied before by men native of that country, subject
ELIZABETH. 91
1594.
to partiality ; which places are the two Chief Justices of the
Benches, the Master of the Rolls, and the Chief Baron. As
they may be maligned by the natives, you are to assist them.
Command the Muster Master to deliver to you perfect rolls
of all persons that receive pay of us.
No such persons shall be free from check, but shall be duly
mustered. Take the view of as many as conveniently may be
brought to your presence ; and for the view of such as be in
remote places, give commissions to persons of credit in the
countries where the captains and soldiers remain.
Inquire of the Muster Master or the Treasurer the names
of the Pensioners, their wages, and where they serve, and
examine by what warrant any of them are absent out of the
realm; their payment to be stopped from the time they
departed. If more soldiers be sent out of this realm, you
shall appoint some of these Pensioners to take charge of the
companies, forbearing their pensions in the meantime, and
receiving only ordinary wages ; for thus was it intended when
they were discharged and put to their pensions.
We gave advice of late to our Lord Deputy (FitzWilliam)
and Council there "to consider whether it were not meet,
upon the expulsion of Magwire from his fort in the Lough
Erne, to have the said Lough guarded by the said fort, and
likewise to have the castle of Bellike, in the mouth of the
said Lough, to be taken into our possession, and guard it with
a ward, thereby to defend the whole province of Connaught
from all offence that might come out of O'Done's country, and
especially to restrain the insurrection of the Scots into that
province." We have since perceived, by letters from Sir
Richard Bingham, that it is very necessary to put a ward into
Bellicke, and that certain numbers might be taken out of
divers wards to serve as good guards both for Bellick and for
the Island in [the] Lough.
All our commandments to the late Deputy and Council
which have not been performed are to be executed by you.
Communicate these instructions to the Council, and once every
quarter cause all instructions to you to be communicated to
the Council, " so as all things directed to you may be kept in
memory, and not to be put up by you, as commonly they have
been by former Deputies."
" Require the Chief Justice and other the Councillors to
declare unto you what hath been done upon the memorials of
sundry Articles to the number of 92 sent to them in March
last, whereof they were commanded to consult, according as
the same were comprised [under] five special titles."
Copy. Pp. 9.
Vol. 612, p. 2$a. 2. Extracts from the preceding, headed : " Part of the In-
structions for Sir William Russell, Knight, being appointed to
g2 CAREW MSS.
1594.
be Deputy in Ireland, for government of the same realm.
Dated the 25th of May 1594, at our manor of Greenwich."
P.I.
VoL 617, p. 22.1. 3. Copy of the preceding.
[Aug.] 139 STATE of IRELAND.
Vol. 632, p. iiea. "A summary Collection of the State of the Realm, as it
standeth at this present in the several Provinces
thereof, considered and debated in Council ;" delivered
to Sir William Russell by the Lord Deputy (Fitz-
William) and Council.
First, some parts of Ulster are in open rebellion, as
Fermannough, being McGuier's country, where now her
Majesty has no other footing left than the castle of Iniskillyn,
and that so strongly besieged as her Majesty's forces, being
600 foot and 46 horse, under the charge of Sir Henry Duke
and Sir Edward Harbert, sent to re-victual it, have forborne
the same since the 25th of July last hitherto ; and we have
now sent a further force of 200 foot out of Dublin and 50
from Drogheda under Sir Richard Bingham. All the pro-
tectees taken in before by the Marshal (Sir Henry Bagnall)
aud Sir John Dowdall are gone again into rebellion, except
Connor Ro, Maguyre, and McDonnoughe. Touching Monou-
ghan, Brian McHughe Oge and the greatest number of the
McMahownes, with Ever McCoolie's sons, the late captain of
Ferney, are in actual rebellion.
All the rebels in these two countries have been aided and
countenanced by O'Donell in person, and the principal forces
of Tyer-Connell, as Sir John O'Dowharty and the three
McSwynnies in person; and out of Tyrone by Cormock
McBaron in person, the Earl of Tyrone's brother, Con the
Earl's base son in person, his son-in-law Henry Oge, Sir
Tyrlaugh Lenaughe's two sons, Art and Cormock O'Neale,
sundry of the O'Hogans, and by others of the Earl's principal
followers in person, with great companies of forces out of
Tyrone, being all within the Earl's rule and jurisdiction.
Moreover, Tyrlaugh McHenry, captain of the Fues, half-
brother to the Earl, and at the Earl's commandment, has
given aid to those rebels, and his country serves as a receptacle
for them, and for the preys and stealths they take from the
subjects. Collo McBrian's sons, "who have been late out
upon the country of Ferney," have been taken into protection
upon suit made for them, for respect of service, by Sir Henry
Duke.
O'Donnell, with all his principal followers of Tyrre-Connele,
and Cormock McBaron, Con the Earl's son, and the residue
above named of Tyrone, are combined with the rebels of
Fermanoughe and Monoughan, and have openly showed
ELIZABETH. 93
1594.
themselves with them both at the siege of Iniskillin and the
preying of Monoughan.
In the Upper Clandeboye, Ne3*le McBrians Fertogh, being
lord thereof, has long stood for her Majesty, and kept upon
his country 50 soldiers under Captain Bethell, until of late he
was invaded with open force by Brian McArt, base son to
the Earl's base brother, and compelled to give a " buying " to
the Earl of 3 horses and 60 cows.
In the Nether Clandeboye, Shane McBrian and Neyle
McHughe, being lords of that country, have been driven by
Bryan McArt, living with his forces in their Greats, to give a
" buying " to the Earl.
" In the Duffreyne, Randall Brereton, being farmer of the
whole country and sheriff of the county, is all spoiled by
Brian McArt, the Slutt, McO'Neyls, and O'Kellies, the Earl's
followers, with others at the Earl's commandment, and being
sheriff, reinaineth here at the State, and dares not return to
his charge.
" In Kilwarlyn, Ever McRory McGwynusse (a man brought
under law and of good obedience to her Majesty) is now
utterly expulsed out of his country, and havoc made of all he
had, by Brian Me Artand others of the Earl's followers, and
remaineth here at the State at her Majesty's charges of 40s.
sterling by the week.
" In Kittloltogh, Cormock McNeile (a gentleman of the same
condition and answerable to law and justice) is now compelled
by the like extremity to be under the Earl ; and for proof
thereof, he giveth bonnaught at this present to Brian McArt.
" In the Rowte, James McSurley, son to Surleboy the Scot,
having expulsed McGuilly, being lord of the Rowte, possesseth
it wholly, except that part of the Glynnes which Randall
McNeece holdeth for Agnus McConnell the Scot. The said
James McSurley hath of late preyed the town of Knockfergus
and distressed the ward in the castle of Olderfleete. He is
greatly devoted to the Earl, and will do as the Earl will have
him, as it is said.
" In Ivagh, being McGennis' country, and Orier, being
O'Hanland's country, it is commonly reported that both these
have given buyings to the Earl of late, but they stand fast for
her Majesty as yet.
" The co. of Cavan, otherwise called the Brenney, standeth
in good obedience, though they have been greatly afflicted with
the said rebels of Fermonnaughe and Monoughan.
" The Little Ardes Captain Bethell farmeth of the Lord
Savedge, and defendeth it."
Sir Richard Bingham, Chief Commissioner, being present at
this conference, reports that Connaught is unusually quiet
and has no disturbers, saving Brian Oge O'Rworck, who is
in Tyreconnell with O'Donnell.
94 CAREW MSS.
1594.
Sir Thomas Norries, Vice-President of Munster, is now
absent from hence, but has very lately, on the 29th July
last, written that that province stands in quiet.
In Leinster, Feaghe McHughe " doth still give proof of his
former bad intentions, by standing aloof and shunning to
come in to the State ; by adhering openly to Walter Reaghe,
his son-in-law (a notable traitor and murderer), with whom
he doth take part, and between whom both they do receive
into his country loose and bad men from all parts in the realm ;
by making extraordinary provision of victuals, mustering the
forces of his country, making preparation of armor and wea-
pon ; and, as it hath been advertised, they both have and do
entertain intelligence with the rebels in the North." Therefore
we think the said Feaghe and Walter Reaghe are traitorously
bent, and when opportunity shall serve will not fail to show
themselves. Other parts of Leinster, as co. Longford and the
English Pale (saving for bodraggs and stealths by night) are
in good quiet ; neither is there any other known capital dis-
turber in the whole province.
" And touching the O'Conners, O'Moores, and Cavanaughes,
there is as good an eye had on them as may be, that they
increase not to multitudes as heretofore they have done. And
for the O'Moores, Captain Sellinger, Lieutenant of Lex (within
whose charge they are), being now called before the Council
table, affirmeth that he knoweth none of the O'Moores to be
dangerous, other than a son of Rory Oge's, who from his
childhood hath been fostered by Feagh McHughe, being his
sister's son, and is still with him ; and for the residue he
saith they answer law and justice as other good subjects do.
" The three sons of Shane O'Neale Henry, Con, Brian
are in hand with the Earl of Tirone, and detained in prison by
him. notwithstanding he hath been required by letter from
the Lord Deputy and Council, and by the late Commissioners
at Dundalk, to send them in to her Majesty, in whose custody
they were before they broke out of the Castle of Dublin.
"Touching pledges, the constable of the Castle of Dublin
(where all the pledges of most importance are used to be kept)
being required by the Lord Deputy and Council at this con-
ference to deliver in the names of such pledges as he now hath
in his custody, and for whom they lie, hath accordingly made
particular certificate thereof/' annexed to this collection.
Pledges for the provinces of Connaught and Munster remain
in the said provinces by direction of the governors there, for
anything that we know.
" Lastly, we are of opinion that the province of Ulster,
being divided into these great disorders, besides the access of
3,000 Scots lately arrived in Tyre-Connell, as is credibly
advertised, and being replenished with more treasons than we
have known it to be in former times, not only the estate of
that province is far more dangerous, but also we cannot think
ELIZABETH. 95
1594.
but that the peril of the whole realm in other parts is greatly
increased thereby."
Copy. Pp.7.
Aug. 13. 14O. B V the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 612, P . 4. At Dublin, 13 August 1594.
Whereas, for relieving of her Majesty's castle of Innis-
killen, commission was directed by Sir W. Fitz Williams, late
Lord Deputy, and his Council, to Sir Henry Duke and Sir
Edward Harbert, who, with 600 footmen and 46 horsemen,
going to attempt the same the 7th (?) of this month, being four
days before the delivery of the sword to me the now Lord
Deputy, " whereby the traitors met withal, and not only by
them defeated of their purpose, but likewise received great
loss of soldiers, and all the victuals prepared to victual that
fort ;" we do conclude and resolve that the Lord Deputy and
others of this Council shall repair thitherward to relieve the
said distressed ward. Though the forces to attend him be
but mean, he has not disfurnished any other places of their
necessary forces ; having given commission to the Earl of
Ormond for defence of the borders against Feagh McHughe
and Walter Reoghe, with directions to the sheriffs of the
several counties of Kilkenny, Wexford, Catherloghe, Kildare,
Dublin, and the Queen's County, to be at his commandment
with their several forces and holdings for the defence of the
said borders. It is agreed that whatsoever be concluded or
executed by the Lord Deputy and Council in this journey, or
by those other of the Council in the English Pale remaining,
shall be as vayliable, perfect, and permanent as if the whole
body of the Council had been present. " Direction shall be
sent to the Lords of Gorraostone and Slanye, L. of Trym-
lestone and Killene, the sheriff and chief gentlemen of the
county of Meath, for a present holding to be kept by the
forces of the country upon the borders of the county of Meath,
towards the north parts." The like direction to be sent to the
Lord of Louth and the sheriff and gentlemen of co. Louth.
Signed at the beginning : W. Russell ; at the end : Ad.
Dublin., Cane. ; Thomas Ormonde ; Tho. Midensis ; H. Bag-
nail ; Ro. Gardner ; Ro. Napper ; Antho. St. Leger ; Ro.
Dillon ; Richard Bingham ; G. Bowrchier ; Tho. Norris ; Geff.
Fenton.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Aug. 17. 14L The EARL OF TYRONE'S SUBMISSION.
Vol. ci2, p. 10. " Delivered to my Lord Deputy, Sir William Russell, and
to the rest of the Council, at his coming in, the loth
of August 1594," at Dublin.
I, Hugh Earl of Tyrone, acknowledge that my late absenting
of myself from the State, though occasioned through the hard
96 CAREW MSS.
1594.
measure of the late Lord Deputy, has been disagreeable to
my obedience, and that other unhappy accidents in the North,
though not done on my behalf of any intent against her Ma-
jesty (so laid to my charge by my enemies there), have induced
her Majesty to be offended with me. But when the wrongs and
injuries done me by Sir William Fitz Williams, the late Lord
Deputy, and the Marshal (Bagnall), practising my life by going
about to entrap and ensnare me, shall be discovered, I trust I
shall recover the good opinion of my Prince. Her Majesty's
displeasure has beeu my greatest grief, for she it was who
advanced me to high title and great livings ; and I know that
her Majesty, who by grace has advanced me, by force may
pluck me down. How can it be, then, that I should be
so void of reason as to work my own ruin ? I confess J
am not clear of offence, but I have doue what I have done
to save my life ; nevertheless I am sorry for my fault. And
whereas I dui*st not trust my life in the hands of Sir William
FitzWilliams, understanding of the arrival here of your L.,
the now Lord Deputy, I have made my repair to you, assuring
myself to have my causes considered of with indifferency. I
crave some fit time to be appointed for hearing ray wrongs,
which I would have proved before FitzWilliams himself if he
had stayed but one day longer. I here offer my service,
either in relieving the distressed ward at Iniskyllin, ex-
pulsing the Scots, or doing anything else.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone.
"The 17th of August 1594, the Earl of Tyrone presented
this submission as is here written, upon his knees, the Lord
Deputy and Council then sitting in Council."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Vol. 617, p. air. 2. Another copy of the same.
Vol. 621, p. 53. 3. A third copy.
Aug. 17. 142. PROPOSITIONS to the EARL OF TYRONE, with his
Vol. 6i 7, p. 2 H. ANSWERS.
(1 .) That he presently call home his brother Cormack and
all other his followers and forces of Tyrone and elsewhere, and
that they give no further aid to the traitor McGwire, Brian
McHughe Oge, Ever McCoolie's sons, Brian Oge O'Rwrke, or
any other rebels ; and that he expel the Scots out of the
realm. The Earl promises to withdraw all his forces, saving
some 50 or 60 knaves under Neale Me Art, whom he cannot
rule ; and also to do his best to expel the Scots.
(2.) That he cause O'Donnell to revoke his forces of Tyr-
connell, and to dismiss the Scots. He promises to do his best
herein.
(3.) That, during the Lord Deputy's absence, the Earl
defend the borders of the English Pale. He promises to do
Ms best for guard-ing the same.
ELIZABETH. 97
1591
4.) That he suffer his country to yield composition accord-
ing the articles he agreed to in England. He will yield to
such a composition as the country is able to bear, in manner
as the tenour of the articles doth 'purport.
(5.) That he make a gaol at Dongannon. He promises to
perform the same.
(6.) That he receive a sheriff and justices of assize into his
country. He yields to this, so as cos. Ardmaghe and Tyrone
may be 'made but one county.
(7.) That he answer for Tirloghe McHenry of the Fuse.
He undertakes this.
(8.) That his band of 50 horse, in her Majesty's pay, may be
ready to attend the Lord Deputy in this journey. He says
they are converted to the defence of the borders with himself.
(9.) That he will send to her Majesty his eldest son, the
Baron of Dongannon, to be brought up at the University, at
his own charges. He promises to send his son Hugh to the
city of Dublin, here to be kept, either with Sir Henry Wal-
loppe or with Sir Robert Gardiner, and within a quarter of
a year to be sent into England.
(10.) That no attempts be made by any within his rule
upon her Majesty's subjects. This he promises to perform.
(11.) That he put in good pledges. He promises to send
Tirloghe, son to Art O'Hagan, and Patrick, son to O'Quin,
the one to be kept at the house of Henry Warren, the other at
the house of William Warren, for three 'months ; then two
others to come in their places.
At Dublin, before the Lord Deputy and Council, 17 August
1594.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Vol. 621, p. 51. 2. Another copy.
VoL 632, p. 123. 3. A third copy.
Aug. 17. 143. INFORMATIONS against the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 614, p. 189. Preferred by the Knight Marshal, Sir Henry Bagenall,
17 August 1594, to the Lord Deputy and Council.
(1.) " First, as a matter to begin the troubles here, one sent
from the Bishop of Rome, the King of Spain's ordinary
minister, to take upon him the primacy of this realm, being
accompanied with Magwire and sundry of the Earl's men,
foster-brothers, and household servants, invaded Connaught
this last year ; where having spoiled divers her Majesty's
subjects in that province, and slain of her soldiers, yet hath
the Earl ever since entertained those persons."
(2.) After he had undertaken to serve against Magwire, he
had a meeting with him and O'Donnell upon a mountain in
the night, where they three did conclude together how the
war should be prosecuted.
3.
98 CAREW MSS.
1694.
(3.) Not contented to withhold his dependants from annoy-
ing Magwire, when Shan O'Neale's sons did burn in that
country, he reviled them and took all their weapons from
them.
(4.) When, pretending to invade Magwire, he had preyed
Connor Roe, the only serviceable man to her Majesty in that
country, and amongst his cows took much of the traitor's
goods, he caused full restitution to be made ; but Connor Roe
notwithstanding his protection and the Deputy's commands
could never get one cow restored.
(5.) Magwyre, Brian McHugh Oge, Evar-McCooley and his
sons, and other principal traitors have been divers times with
the Earl since they were proclaimed.
(6.) The Earl has harboured the said traitors' goods in his
country, and yielded them relief and countenance, making his
country a receptacle for their spoils, and furnishing them with
forces.
(7.) Fermannaghe being subdued, and Magwire brought so
low that he was not able to make 10 horsemen and 40 kerne,
Magwire invaded not only that country but the Brenny, being
accompanied with the force of Tyrone under the Earl's brother
Cormock, his natural son Con, his son-in-law Henry Oge
McHenry McShane, together with the Earl's foster-brothers
and his household servants, and slew some of her Majesty's
soldiers, and conveyed the preys taken there into Tyrone.
Yet the Earl has ever since entertained those parties.
(8.) Many of the banished traitors of Connaught have been
of late in his company, and by him relieved.
(9.) He has dealt with Shane McBryan to withdraw him
from obedience.
(10.) As well by threats as open invasion, he has drawn
sundry of the high principal Uriaughtes from obedience to
his dependency ; as, namely, Cormock McNeale, captain of
Killultoghe, Shane McBryan, Neile McHugh, and others ; and
has taken " buying " of Sir Hugh Maginnisse, Neile Me
Bryan Ferte, and the rest. Ever McRoory, captain of Kil-
warlin, refusing to do the like, the Earl sent his brother's son,
his guidon-bearer, and others to invade the said Roory, whom
they expulsed out of his country.
(11.) He sent his natural son and his brother's son and the
rest above named almost to all parts of Ulster where her
Majesty had any loyal subjects, whom they preyed, burned,
and spoiled.
(12.) Cormack McBaron, Con the Earl's son, Art Bradaghe
[O']Hagan, Henry Oge O'Neale's son, McCon Boye O'Neale,
Turloghe McHenry's sons, Clan Turlaghe McY'Neale, Phelim
O'Neale, and Hugh Oge O'Neale, the principal leaders of the
Earl's shot, O'Quin and O'Hagan, his chiefest officers, and Shane
McDonell Groone, his own sergeant, together with all the
forces of Tyrone, were in company with O'Donnell and
ELIZABETH. 99
1694.
Magwyre in July last, when they invaded co. Monoghan and
wasted it, to the utter ruin of that new-refprmed place.
(13.) On 5 August the Earl, since he had knowledge of your
Lordship's* arrival, came to a town called Carntiell in Tyrone,
and went from thence to his brother Cormuck's town called
Aghor, where he met with Cormuck and O'Donnell. After he
had conferred with them, O'Donnell went to meet the Scots,
to agree with them, and Cormuck went into Fermanogh, to
maintain the traitors against Sir Henry Duke and his forces.
(14.) Cormuck McBaron, the O'Hagans, leaders of the Earl's
shot, with most of the forces of Tyrone (without whose aid
the traitors were little able to annoy her Majesty's subjects),
have been with O'Donnell and Magwyre, besieging her Ma-
jesty's castle of Iniskillyn.
(15.) The said companies were at the late encounter in
Fermanaughe against her Majesty's forces; and most of the
horses then lost fell to the shares of Cormuck McBaron and
the rest of Tyrone.
Pp. 3. Endorsed by Carew.
Vol. 632, p. 120. 2. Copy of the preceding.
Aug. 17. 144. By the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL, 17 August 1594.
Vol. 632, p. I22a. Whereas, upon occasion of certain Articles of Information
exhibited the day and year abovesaid by Sir Henry Bagenall,
Knight Marshal, &c. ; against the Earl of Tyrone, without proof or
time when the things were done.f a question was put generally
whether it were convenient at this time that the Earl should
be stayed to answer the said Articles presently, or to be de-
ferred to a more meet time : It was resolved, for weighty
considerations concerning her Majesty's service, that the Earl
should not be charged with the said Articles at this time, but
to be deferred to a more fit time "
Copy.
Oct. 31. 145. The QUEEN to the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 632, p. i23a. A minute of her Majesty's letter to the Lord Deputy and
Council, upon the receipt of theirs of the 15th October."
You may not think it strange if in a case extraordinary
you receive new admonition and direction. We can no longer
forbear to let you know what great mischief the remiss and
weak proceedings of late have wrought in that kingdom. We
do not impute it to you our Deputy (Russell), who are but
lately come to the helm, but to you our Council. Since first
the Earl of Tyrone began to affect superiority over such prin-
cipal persons as (before we advanced him) daily bearded him,
* Sir William Russell, Lord Deputy of Ireland,
f " dewe " in MS.
G 2
100 CAREW MSS.
1594.
we did ever lay before you seriously the prevention of such
inconveniences. It is gross to find ' that such a man, so laid
open to you all, and made so suspicious by his own actions, hath
been suffered to grow to this head " by your receiving his
excuses and subterfuges. When he came in to the late Deputy
(FitzWilliam) at Dublin and was substantially charged, he
was dismissed. When he came to Dondalke to you the Chan-
cellor (Archbishop Loftus) and the Chief Justice (Sir Robert
Gardiner), where many things were apparently proved, he was
" discharged with triumph to his own partakers and with a
general discouragement to all those that (for our service) had
opposed themselves against, him." For amends whereof, when
voluntarily he came to you the Deputy (Russell), it was over-
ruled by you the Council to dismiss him, though dangerous
accusations were offered against him. This was as foul an
oversight as ever was committed in that kingdom.
The natures of treasons are secret, and not to be proved for
the most part but by presumptions. He coming in of purpose
to offer personal purgation, with great reason you might have
stayed him till proofs had been made, or kept him in suspense
upon his trial till you had received our pleasure. You alleged
that you thought it perilous, but he or his could not have
any way prejudiced you or our estate, and none of his durst
have stirred whilst he was in restraint.
As for your demand for 200 men, to fill up bands, order is
given for them to be levied ; and as for the money, before this
time you have doubtless received it.
Your last despatch is very imperfect ; it mentions Sir
Edward Moore's dealings with the Earl, and yet we do not
find whether they have spoken together, or whether he be
returned or no, or what is concluded. " But, that which is
most strange to us, in the course of his letter we find a privity
acknowledged by the Earl of our Chief Justice's coming into
England, including in further words both hope and expectation
of his success in the journey." A meaner person might have
served, and therefore would we have him stayed. Besides, in
the Earl's letters to Moore mention is made of truce and
peace, which we disdain to hear in the mouth of a subject ; so
we hope you have not given him cause to speak thus. Com-
mand him, without any respite or excuse of business or
sickness, to make his present repair to you, to answer
wherein he is justly charged, and to submit to our estate
there ; which if he do not, we are determined to proclaim him
a traitor.
We hope to find amendment in your future proceedings,
aud wall princely provide for all such events as may happen.
For further particulars we refer you to the letters of our Privy
Council.
At Richmond, the last of October 1 594.
Copy. Pp. 4.
ELIZABETH. 101
. 1594.
Oct. 31. 146. The QUEEN to the LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL).
Vol. 632, p. 126. " A minute of her Majesty's letter to the Lord Deputy in
private."
Although we have in our general letters precisely insisted
upon the errors committed by the Council before your arrival
and since, yet no one has more forgotten or mistaken our
directions than you have done. We enjoined you not to
dismiss the Earl if he once came to you till our pleasure
were known, and did not expect that any persuasion of the
Council " would have altered that which from us you had
received/' We would have you know that, as we have to
others in your place, so will we write many things in private
to you our Deputy which are not to be imparted to others, for
vigilance and secret industry must be used to prevent and
entrap such crafty and dangerous persons.
We hold it strange that in all this space you have not
used some underhand way to bring in' the Earl; and we think
that by setting division in his country, wherein full many
there are which would be glad to be maintained against him,
and by other sound means, he may be disabled and reduced
to obedient conformity, which were more honorable to us
and commendable in you than to be put to trouble for such a
base person. Although we have touched in our joint letter
the sundry omissions, "none of these things have fallen out
which we did not directly forejudge."
" We set you not there to cry ' aim ' to the Council, but
to sharpen and quicken their conceipts, if either partiality or
timorousness do make them cold or negligent." We shall not
be wanting in that which shall be needful for the preservation
of our good subjects. If you once be found credulous of fair
offers and protestations in offenders, you shall be fed with them
daily.
" You shall also of yourself (and not as by our command-
ment) cause it to be intimated to O'Donell that where he hath
in a letter of his declared that lie would be content to conform
himself (so that Maguire might be included in the commission),
that you durst undertake, so that he will leave that condition
for Maguire, who hath so openly rebelled against us and the
State, that we may be induced to grant him pardon for him-
self and his particular followers."
At Richmond, the last of October 1594.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Nov. 11. 47. FORCES of the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 612, p. 10. "An Advertisement of th' Earl of Tyrone's Forces, received
the 1 1th of November 1594.
"Foot.T\\' Earl hath cessed to attend himself 800 shot,
whereof be present on foot but 400, led by those whose names
ensue: Con McTyrlagh O'Neale, 100; Donagh O'Hagan, 100;
102 CAREW MSS.
1594.
Tyrlagh Boy O'Hagan, 100 ; Neale O'Hagan, 50 ; Patrick
Povy, 50 ; Cormock th' Earl's brother, 200; Henry Oge, 100;
Con the Earl's son, 100; Bryan Me Art, 300; Sir Art O'Neale,
40. These be their chiefest force of footmen, trained after th'
English manner, having many pickes among them, so as all
these are not shot. In their charge they cesse above 2,000,
which dead pays these chieftains turn to their own commodity.
I omit to speak of the rascals and kerne, whereof there are
very many.
" Horses. Th' Earl himself, 100 [and] 40 ; Cormock, 80;
H. Oge, 80 ; Sir Art and Slight Arte, 80 ; Art McBaron, 20 ;
Turlagh McHenry, 40 ; O'Hagan, 100.
" I omit to speak of O'Donnell, the McMahonds, and them of
Clandeboy their forces are so well known. The above number
is very little defective. They appoint leaders to 40, to 20, and
to 10 of their foot, for the fitness of the service of the passes ;
for in plains they mean not to fight."
Copy. P. 1.
Nov. 16. 148. ESCHEATED LANDS in MUNSTEK.
VoL 6U, p. 71. Commission to Sir Kobert Gardner, Chief Justice of the
Queen's Bench in Ireland, Sir Henry Wallopp, Treasurer at
Wars, Sir Robert Napper, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Sir
Anthony St. Leger, Master of the Rolls in Ireland, and Roger
Wilbrahame, Solicitor-General there, to cause to be drawn and
engrossed on parchment books for disposing of the lands com-
prised in letters patent dated at Westminster 27 June, 28 Eliz.,
to the several Undertakers, and to execute the articles hereto
annexed, some of the former Commissioners having died.
Westminster, 16 November, 36 Eliz.
No grants to be made " by colour of concealments," but the
escheated lands are to pass to undertakers, for the habitation
of the province with English people. Certificate to be made
to the Queen of the profits that have grown to the Queen by
these attainted lands, and what may be expected to be yearly
paid to her from Michaelmas 1594.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Nov. 16. 149. ESCHEATED LANDS in MUNSTER.
VoL 614, p. 69a. Instructions for the Commissioners authorized by letters
patent dated 16 November, 36 Eliz., to make grants to
her subjects of lands in Munster escheated by the
rebellion of the Earl of Desmond and others of late
years.
Names of the Commissioners : Sir R. Gardner, Sir H.
Wallop, Sir R. Napper, Sir A. Sentleger, R. Wilbraham.
(1.) You shall seek to understand how many persons have
undertaken to inhabit the lands so escheated with English
ELIZABETH. 103
1594.
people according to letters patents, 27 June, 28 Eliz., and
25 April, 29 Eliz.
(2.) Inform yourselves how many of the Undertakers have
obtained letters patent, how they have inhabited or peopled
the lands, whether they have paid their rents, and how many
have not procured letters patent. Also, " what is the quantity
of the said escheated lands whereupon they have attempted to
enter, and how long they have occupied the same." Commis-
sion of inquiry respecting these points to be given to sundry
persons in every county of the province, " being no Under-
takers."
(3.) You the Chief Justice (Gardner), and you the Solicitor
(Wilbraham), former Commissioners in Munster, shall "renew
your former certificates containing the names of the Under-
takers, the quantity of their lands, and their yearly rents, and
showing that there would be at Michaelmas 1594 payable yearly
18961. 3s. 6^d. And at the same time, about December 1592,
you sent another abstract, " digested into columns," containing
the names of the Undertakers, the number of acres granted
them by patent, and the rents reserved, with the numbers both
of Irish and English inhabiting the seignories. Likewise you
made certificate of persons who had " particulars " only and
not letters patent, and of others who had seignories allotted to
them, "but never proceeded therein." Also you made mention
of the escheats in co.Tipperary sued for [by] the Earl of Ormond.
You are to "take consideration how the same maybe surveyed
truly and granted to the Earl, if he shall require the same, or
if not, then to some other person that will answer yearly rent
for the same." Since these certificates many things may have
been altered, and her Majesty has therefore renewed her com-
mission.
(4.) Make choice of meet persons to be Undertakers. No
grant to be made of more than 12,000 acres. No one to be
an undertaker except he have sufficient freehold, either in
England or Ireland, on which a distress for rent may be levied,
or procure sufficient bonds.
(5.) " Ye shall inquire how many Englishmen every principal
Undertaker hath in his house, and how they are furnished with
horses, armour, and weapon." Also, what English families
inhabit under any of the Irish, and " whether any English,
being recusants, are come thither to inhabit, and how they
behave themselves there." Also, whether any that have had
lands allotted to them do not come to inhabit there ; and if
so, their lands are to be granted to others. If any Undertakers
have been evicted from any part of their lands, they are to be
" preferred to the increase of their portions so diminished with
lands of like condition."
Copy. Pp. 3.
104 CAREW MSS.
1594.
Nov. 16. 150. The EARL OF DESMOND.
Vol. eos, p. so. " Notes out of the Earl of Desmond's evidences ;" sc., of the
following documents :
Entail by Maurice FitzThomas [FitzGerald], Earl of Desmond,
26 Ed\v. III. Grant by King Hen. III. to his son Prince Edward
of all Ireland. Royal charter to Maurice FitzGerald, 10 Hen.
VIII. Indenture between the Barretts and the Earl of Des-
mond, 4 Hen. VI. Deed of grant by Geoffrey Fit/Patrick [of]
Galway to James Earl of Desmond, 20 Hen. VI. Exchange
between William FitzGerald, knight of Kerry, and Earl
James, 5 Edw. IV. Feoffincnt by John Roche, son and heir
to Philip Roche, of Kinsale, to James Earl of Desmond,
3 Edw. VI. Deed of grant by William White to Thomas,
son to the Earl of Desmond, 18 Hen. VII. Grant by Cahir
McDermond O'Connor of Carrickfoyle, and his next kinsmen
of the O'Connors, to Earl James 7 Edw. VI. Grant by
Sabina, the heir to Robert McLearnye, to Earl James,
2 Edw. VI. Grant by the King to Maurice FitzThomas, Earl
of Desmond, 35 Hen. VIII. Grant by Thomas Mandevile
and Anastace, his wife, to Earl Maurice, 24 Edw. IV. Grant
by Maghon O'Brien to David Arthur, chaplain, to the use of
Earl James, 4 Edw. VI. Grant by John McPhillip of Glan-
kine to the Earl of Desmond, 7 Edw. VI. Grant by Richard
FitzThomas FitzStephen to Earl Maurice, 6 Edw. IV. Grant
by William FitzJohn Burke to Earl Maurice, 3 Hen. VIII.
Grant by James Bollerye to John, son to the Earl, 3 Hen. VII.
Grant by Barrett to William Barrett, Edw. .
Grant by John FitzGibbon, the White Knight, and his kins-
men to Earl James, 6 Edw. VI. Release by John Oge, David,
Gilbert, and Thomas FitzGibbon to Earl James, 4 Maiy.
Grant by William Barry of Oleghan to Thomas FitzJames,
Earl of Desmond, and Ellis Barry, his wife, 37 Hen. VI.
Commission to Sir Henry Wallop, Sir Valentine Browne, and
others, to inquire what lands were escheated by the rebellion
of Gerald FitzGerald, Earl of Desmond, his brethren, and
others, 25 Eliz.* Commission to Lord Deputy Perrot and
others to take the surrenders of O'Moloy and others, 27 Eliz.f
Four commissions to Thomas Norris, Vice-President of Munster,
Sir Henry Wallop, Sir Valentine Browne, and others, to survey
and divide the escheated lands in Munster, &c., dated 5 July
and 1 Sept., 28 Eliz. Commission to Sir Robert Gardener,
Sir Henry Wallop, Sir Robert Napper, Sir Anthony St. Leger,
Roger Wilbraham, &c., authorizing them, as the former com-
mission for the plantation of Munster is determined by the
death of some of the commissioners that were of the quorum,,
to give warrant to her Majesty's learned counsel in the laws
* A copy of this commission is to be found in Vol. 608, p. 97.
f A copy of it will be found in Vol. 608, p. 98a.
ELIZABETH. 105
1594-.
of Ireland to draw up books for disposing of the escheated
lands in Munster to the Undertakers ; dated at Westminster,
16 November, 36 Eliz.
Pp.7.
15L " A DISCOURSE for IRELAND."
Vol. 632, p. loea. " Sithence I have been acquainted with Ireland for the
space of these 20 years, I am the more bold to speak of Irish
causes, and particularly of the Earl of Tyrone, who by all
probability (as by his refusal to come to the Governor and by
his articles may appear) is very like, and that shortly, to be in
actual rebellion, which doth manifest itself by the late disorders
committed by his base son and his brethren, who are the
principal instruments to effect all his designs." If his purpose
is to rebel, it must proceed " either from a combination with
Spain (which may be suspected as well in regard he is of the
Romish Church, as also heretofore, for viva voce by Hugh
Gavelock, one of Shane O'Neile's sons, to his face hath been
accused to have a Spanish heart), or else an ancient Irish
practice to hinder the proceeding of English justice, which of
late hath crept further into Ulster than accustomed." His
rebellion will be more dangerous, and cost the Queen more
crowns, than any that have foregone him since her Majesty's
reign ; for, educated in our discipline and naturally valiant,
he is worthily reputed the best man of war of his nation.
Most of his followers are well-trained soldiers, using our wea-
pons ; and he is the greatest man of territory and revenue
within that kingdom, and is absolute commander of the
North of Ireland.
If he have plotted with Spain to pull the Crown from the
Queen's head for combining with foreign power has no
other pretence then assuredly Scotland is made a party to
assist them ; and Sir William Stanley and other English and
Irish traitors are like to be employed in the action. The way
for them most to annoy us is to put into St. George's Channel,
and not to let fall an anchor until they come to the entrance
of the haven of Dublin, where they may unship their men,
and ride safely in all weathers. The lesser ships may safely
pass the Bar of Dublin, and land where they list.
It is objected that they will never hazard to put into St.
George's Channel because of the danger of that passage, but
we cannot build any assurance therein. The coast of peril,
from Tower Hooke in co. Wexford to Dublin, is not a day's
rounding, and the seas in the midst of the Channel are in
depth sufficient for the greatest ship that ever floated. The
winning of Dublin would breed more terror to the good
subjects in Ireland than if London in England were in the
enemies' possession. It is unfortified, and could not resist au
army of 5,000 men three days.
106 CAREW MSS.
1594.
The Earl of Tyrone shall no sooner hear of his friends'
landing, but within 24 hours he may join with them, and for
their relief bring with him all the cattle between Dundalk and
Dublin ; " wherewith I am persuaded the Papists and malcon-
tents of the English Pale under which title almost all the
gentlemen there may be comprised will not be displeased."
For the cutting off of supplies from England there is no
place so convenient [as Dublin], "and especially if such places
be taken by them upon the coast of Wales as is in their power,
namely, the Isle of Man, Bamarrishe, Milford Haven, and the
river of Waterford in Ireland." Most of the inhabitants upon
the coast of England and Wales are in religion Catholics ; and
Dublin excepted, " I know not any city or almost village in
all Ireland but in affection is Spanish." Therefore they will
not be so foolish as to land in the West, far from the Earl, or
to sail round about Ireland and land in O'Donell's country ;
and it is requisite to set down how these dangers may be
prevented, which I refer to their (the Privy Council's) great
wisdoms.
" But if his (the Earl's) purpose reach no further than
ordinary rebellions in Ireland, which evermore arise either
upon dislike of the person of some one that doth govern and
administer justice, or else to justice itself, with both the which
it appeareth that this Earl doth find himself grieved (well
agreeing with the humour of the Irish lords, which by all
means do strive to keep that tyrant Justice for so they
esteem her out of their countries, that they might live
uncontrolled to exercise their extortions upon their poor ten-
ants and followers, over whom not much unlike the race of
Ottoman they tyrannize with absolute power, confiscating
both goods and lives at their pleasure, whereof this Earl is a
present example, who hath and doth govern in Tyrone after
that manner), then I dare the more boldly say my opinion,
holding his rebellion not so dangerous."
If the Queen's honour may be saved " without blemish,
like unto an unspotted virgin herself," all possible means
should be used to draw this Earl into his former obedience,
his griefs being not very difficult to redress. Those whom he
loves (and faithful to the Queen) should be employed in that
service; "amongst which number * is the
best to effect it, being of that credit with this Earl as at his
will he can lead him to do what he list, for upon his wisdom
and friendship he wholly dependeth."
If the Earl will not withdraw from his wicked prestence to
rebel, all mercy should be laid aside, " whereof evermore the
Irish retain a hope grounded upon false opinion, that to save
charges the Queen at all times will receive them into protection,
which is no small cause of these their often rebellions." Like
* Blank in MS.
EUZA.BETH. 107
1594.
Desmond, he should be prosecuted to the utter extirpation of
himself, his adherents, and followers, that the land may be
divided amongst the English " collonells." He has ever-
more had a thirsty desire to be called O'Neale a name more
in price to him than to be intituled Caesar.
" To cut off all succours from the Isles or the Main of
Scotland is most easy, by sending small shipping to lie up and
down abouts Lough Swillye, Lough Foile, the mouth of the
Banne, the Raughlins, and Glanarum, to impeach the landing
of any Scots, who are never better provided to pass the seas
than in small boats, which they call galleys, vessels of no
defence to maintain any fight ; to accomplish which service
four or five of the Queen's small pinnaces were most conve-
nient. But yet, if that may not be allowed of, the Queen's
ship The Popinjay, that still remains in Ireland, and a few small
barques, that may be had either at Chester, or from Waterford
or Dredathe, will be a fleet sufficient to assure all that coast.
" To cut off all aids that may come from Connaught, which
no doubt the Bourcks and O'Rourk with their associates
(except Sir Richard Bingham were better beloved and of
greater power to support them than I think he is) will be
ready to send into Ulster, there must be a strong garrison
placed at Beleck, for there is no other way by land but that,
or to pass Lough Erne by boats, both which this garrison may
hinder, or else to march through the Breany."
Thus, although the Earl is " a more absolute commander in
the North than was that archtraitor Shane O'Neyle, yet it is
in her Majesty's power to determine this war in a few months ;
and the first step towards it is to send a worthy gentleman
thither to be her Deputy, that hath a stirring martial spirit
and an able body."
The power that this Earl can make is about 6,000 or 7,000*
footmen, and better than 1,000 horse. To encounter this
force, the Queen (besides the forces now in garrison) hath
need to erect into bands 2,500 footmen and 500 horsemen.
When the Deputy shall make his general hostings to bring
him into the enemy's country, he may command the established
garrisons of Ulster to come to him.
The places most fit to leave garrisons in are these, viz.,
Belleck and Inniskillen upon Lough Erne, Liffar or Dunalonge
upon the river of Fynnie, Blackwater, Monahan, Dundalk,
Newrie, Carigfergus, and Colran, upon the mouth of the Banne.
They could speedily join together upon actions of service,
and be easily victualled by sea. At Colerane, Liffer, and
Beleck there must be good provision of great flat-bottomed
boats, or else bridges built. .
Lastly, wards of 20 or 30 men in a place are, besides these
garrisons, very meet, as at Bellfast and Castell-Toame ; and a
* "6 or 70,000 "in MS.
108 CAREW MSS.
1594.
third ward in a sconce fast by Castle Fynne in Tyreconnell,
for there is a good ford into Tyrone, which being kept, O'Don-
nell and the Earl cannot meet but with great difficulty.
All this being accomplished, whether the Earl divide or
unite his forces, "the poor churls of Ulster that till and
labour the land, without whom no traitor in Ireland can long
abide in rebellion, because they have no victual but by their
travail, are assured to be slain, and their lands left merely waste ;
which miserable state being general (as in reason it must be),
the greater lords of Ulster, pitying their poor husbandmen,
and seeing [inj their overthrow imminent ruin, and perceiving
the Earl to be unable to redress it, will fall from him, and
pray to be received to mercy ; insomuch as the Earl himself
must be enforced either to do the like, run out of the country,
have his throat cut by his own people, or [be] delivered up
to the Governor's hands as a sacrifice for their redemption."
Copy. Pp. 12.
152. The EARLS OF TYRONE and CLANCONNELL.
Vol. en, P . 157. Henry VIII., 1 October, 34th year (1542), created Connace
O'Nele Earl of Tyrone, and granted him his lands in Tyrone.
Matthew, Earl of Tyrone, and Barnabas his eldest son were
slain in the field, whereby the premises descended to the now
Earl, as heir male. By Act of Parliament 11 Eliz. the whole
country of Tyrone and divers lands in Ulster were given to
the Queen.
In 19 Eliz., by articles indented between the then
Lord Deputy and Sir Turlough Lenagh, now Earl of Clan-
connell, all the lands from Lougfule (Lough Foyle) to the
Great Water were granted to the latter for life, with the
countries of Clancam and Clanbresologhe " ut sequacibus."
These articles were ratified by the Queen 26 May . After-
wards she 1 created Sir Turlough Earl of Clanconnell, but he
promised to claim no other lands colore Jionoris.
Afterwards, 10 May 29 Eliz., reciting the said Act, the
Queen created Hugh Earl of Tyrone for life, and granted him
his lands. By indenture, 13 May 29 Eliz., the same Earl
covenanted to convey and assure to Sir Turlough Lenagh or
Sir Arthur O'Nele his son so much of all the said lands near
the Fyn and the Leefere as should be found by office or in-
quisition to have been usually possessed by Turlough's father ;
and the Earl of Tyrone was to pay certain rents to the Earl of
Clanconnell.*
Copy. Partly in Latin. Pp. 2.
* In the margin : " The Earl of Tyrone may by force of this covenant be
inforced to make assurance accordingly, albeit the letters patent made to him be
good." Besides this, there are several other marginal notes.
ELIZABETH. 109
1595.
March 20. 153. The QUEEN to the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 632, p. 128. In your letters to our Council of 26 February you advertise
that the forces of Tyrone and his complices have spoiled the
town of Cavan, preyed the Brennye, and taken our fort of
Blackwater; also your journey on Feaugh McHughe, the
state of the country, and what wants you have.
It was a great oversight in you of the Council there, when
the Earl was first so probably charged, to dismiss him so
slenderly upon his denials ; for when it appeared that either he
was so much favoured, or rather feared, as to be borne with in
all his insolences, it settled his fortune, gave heart to all his
adherents, and discouraged those who would have opposed
him. Although we cannot make any imputation to you our
Deputy in particular (being before your time), yet must our
former dislike continue towards that Council, for since your
coming they have ever advised to do the like, even at his last
comin" 1 to the State, when he had from you no protection.
Our commandments to you in private for his stay ought
otherwise to have guided you.
You our Deputy cannot but call to mind what charge was
given you for the safe conservation of the fort of Blackwater,
which the Earl has long ambitiously sought. You should
not have suffered the constable of the ward to be absent at
such a time, and it ought to have been sufficiently secured
against the traitor.
As for the Lords of the English Pale left behind you to de-
fend the frontiers, when we observe how little they prevented
the violence to our good subjects, how short a time they made
their abode, and how slenderly they excused themselves for
want of victuals, none of them being 20 miles from their
own house, we are not a little offended, and desire you to ex-
postulate with them. You shall be furnished with such forces
as shall both defend our honour and correct the rebel's
insolence.
As for your journey on Feaugh McHugh, we find the Earl
of Ormond has well assisted you. Harrington could have
kept him from any offence to our good subjects. We very
well allow of your justice done upon that race of traitors, the
brethren and line of Wat. (Walter) Reaugh, whose outrages
upon our subjects " we like should be severely revenged."
For the service done lately in Tyrone by Bagnall our Marshal,
we wish you to let him know we retain him in our good
grace and favour.
Whitehall, 20 March 1594.
Copy. Pp. 4.
June 1. 154. REPORT by LIEUTENANT TUCHER.
VoL 612, p. 21. On Sunday, 24 May 1595, we marched from the Newrie,
1,500 foot and 250 horse, to the eight-mile church. The
HO CAREW MSS.
1595.
enemy appeared upon a hill with 1,500 horse. Our General
(Sir Henry Bagenall) commanded all the horse to be drawn up
towards them. The enemy retired, thinking to draw us up
" into their straights of foot, which lay some mile distant ; " but
the General drew back. Next morning, after eight miles'
march, the Earl of Tyrone brought all his forces to a straight
which we were to pass, and turned off seven or eight companies
of foot to skirmish with us. They annoyed us much, the pas-
sage being between a bog and a wood. After we had passed the
straight the enemy's powder was spent, but their forces in-
creased. We found that Magwire and McMahon had besieged
Monohon, but they rose so soon as we came. We encamped
on a hill close to the Abbey. Our loss was 12 slain and 30
hurt ; the enemy's, 100 slain and many hurt. The same even-
ing the enemy drew up his forces, increased to above 8,000
foot and 1,000 horse, within three quarters of a mile, and yet
did nothing.
Having put victual [into Monaghan], and changed the ward,
the next day we dislodged and marched back. The enemy
stopped all the straights and passages. It was long before we
could wind ourselves through one of them, " being driven to
exceeding many stands." We lost 12 horse, amongst whom
was Sir Edward Harbert's brother. " Having recovered the
champion, they somewhat withdrew the heat of their skirmish,
their munition being very near spent, having consumed almost
14 barrels of powder, as we were informed, for we had ever
good intelligence from amongst themselves." They sent for
a supply to the Earl's house at Dongannon. Next morning
we marched away in some quiet. Thinking we would go to
Dondalke the Earl stopped all the passages, but we marched
to the Newrie, where we found all our losses to have been
about 31 or 32 slain and 120 hurt, but none hurt of account
except Sir Henry Duke, Captain Cunye, five lieutenants, an
ensign, and a sergeant. Of the enemy we hear 300 or 400
were slain and very many hurt. The enemy have broken up
the causeway between the Newrie and Dondalk, and " plashed
and made up the same." They lie there expecting our army's
coming that way. But having spent all our powder, 10 barrels,
our General drew to a council, and determined to send me in a
small boat by sea to declare what was done and crave a supply
of munition, " which had, they are ready and desirous to
come away, if they be commanded ; but I think it impossible
for them to do it were they as many more as they are, for now
the enemy is fourteen or fifteen thousand strong in that
place."
Signed: Tucher; Perkings.
Headed in Careivs hand : "A report of the service done by
Sir Henry Bagenall in the relieving of Monaghan."
Copy. Pp. 2.
ELIZABETH. Ill
1595.
June 28. 155. PROCLAMATION against the EARL OF TYRONE and his
Vol. 617, p. 220. CONFEDERATES.
Whereas the Queen advanced Hugh O'Neile, the son of
one Mathewe Ferdarrocke O'Neale, a bastard son of Con
O'Neale, commonly called Great O'Neale in Tyrone, to the
noble dignity of an Earl, endowed him with larger territories
than any other Earl of Ireland, allowed him yearly 1,000 marks
ster., and at his repair into England given to him and his
heirs by letters patents very large possessions and rule over
sundry her subjects ; yet nevertheless he has fallen from alle-
giance, and committed sundry foul murders and other violent
oppressions against her subjects ; as, namely, in hanging one
of Shane O'Neale's sons, born of more noble parents than the
Earl himself, for which act he was pardoned, upon promise
of amendment ; but he has since taken by force two others
of the said Shane O'Neale's sons, holding them captives in
places unknown. Aspiring to live like a tyrant over a great
number of good subjects there in Ulster, he has lately allured
O'Donell, the chieftain of Tireconnell (by matching with him
in marriage), whose father and predecessors have always been
loyal, to enter into rebellion ; and has in like manner com-
forted and provoked, with the aid of his brethren and bastards,
certain other disobedient subjects, as McGwire, chieftain of
Fermanagh, the traitor O'Eowrke's son, and sundry of the
McMahounds of Monohan, to invade divers countries in and
near to the English Pale. In order to become Prince of
Ulster, he has also, partly by force, partly by false per-
suasions, allured and drawn to concur with him in rebellion
a great part of the chieftains of Ulster.
For these causes her Majesty doth now, upon the prepara-
tion of her army, notify to all her good subjects, both English
and Irish, the said Earl to be accepted the principal traitor
and chief author of this rebellion, and a known practiser with
Spain and other her Majesty's enemies ; commanding all her
subjects that have aided and accompanied him, and yet shall
now desire to live peaceably in her favour, to withdraw
themselves from him and his complices. And when her
army shall enter Ulster, if they come to the Lord Deputy,
they shall, upon their submission, have pardon of their lives
and lands. If those who were the servants or followers of
Tirlough Lenough, her very loyal subject, return from the
said Earl to the said Tirlough Lenough, and join with him
in withstanding the said traitors, they also shall have like
pardons.
Postscript. Not knowing whether you [the Lord Deputy
and Council] have already proclaimed the Earl of Tyrone to
be traitor with his confederates, we send you the draft of the
proclamation meet for that purpose, which you may execute
if already you have not done the like. If you have any
hope of recovering O'Donnell, then, notwithstanding this
H2 CAREW MSS.
1595.
proclamation, entertain him secretly with hope, for that we
have a disposition to save him.
Date given by Carew, " 28 Junij 1595."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Vol. 612, p. 24. 2. Another copy of the same, undated.*
June. 156. RESERVATIONS to the CROWN.
Vol. 612, p. 53a. "Certain Reservations to her Majesty's use upon receipt
of surrenders, and upon other compositions and agree-
ments between the Lord Deputy and Council on the
one part, and certain lords and gentlemen on the other
part, made from the 5th of June 1584, until this
present month of June 1595, and to continue as fol-
loweth. Besides a tenure by knight service there-
upon reserved to her Majesty."
This document shows the rents, beoves, hawks, and chief
horses payable to the Crown by the following persons, and
the numbers of horsemen and footmen which they were bound
to find at risings-out : O'Conner Sligoe, Sir Turlaugh O'Neele,
Donnell Grone McConnell of the Glinne, Sir Hugh O'Donnell,
Theobald McO'Ville,fCone McNeale, Shan McBryan McPhelim,
Hugh Oge McBryan Hugh Oge McHugh McPhelim O'Neale,
Cormock McNeale McBrian, Aghovell McCarten, Sir Hugh
McGennis, O'Conner Dunne, Sir John O'Reley, Edmond
O'Reyley, Philip O'Reyley, Hugh O'Reyley, C[ahir] O'Reyley,
Mulmory O'Reyley, O'Madden, Ever McRorie, Brian Duffe,
Cowconnogh McGwere, Sir Brian O'Rorke, Richard McMorrice,
and McMahoune.
Summa totalis : Rent per annum, 545?. 19s. stei.; chief
horses, 4 ; hawks, 11, besides the Glinnes ; beoves, 663 ;
horsemen per annum, 25; footmen, 1,133; allowances for
officers, 100; horsemen for risings-out, 211; footmen for
risings-out, 455.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Vol. 6i 7, p. 237. 2. Another copy.
157. A NOTE of the BEEVES, HAWKS, and HORSES due to the
GOVERNOR for the time being.
Vol. C35, p. 81. s Cf) f rom Sir Donnel O'Connogher Sligogh, the O'Reilleys,
Sir Hugh O'Donnel, Sawerley McConnel, Hugh Magnisse,
Corraock McDermot, and the heirs of Sir Cormocke McTegge,
by indentures dated 26, 27, and 28 Eliz.
* This copy is inserted in Sir William Russell's Diary (MS. 612) between the
28th and 29th of June 1595. This is probably Carew's authority for the date
assigned by him to the copy in MS. C17. Many of the documents in MS. 617
have evidently been copied from those in MS. 612.
t ' Stauu ton " is added by Carcw.
ELIZABETH. 113
1595.
Upon the surrender of the Brenny by Sir John O'Reilley
and others, there was a reservation of 230 beoves ; but since
the rebellion Sir William Russell received out of her Majesty's
coffers 230. ster. in lieu of those beoves.
Copy. Pp. 2.
July 17. 158. TYRONE and O'DONNELL.
Vol. 632, p. so. A Journal of the late Journey by the Lord Deputy (Russell)
against the archtraitor Tyrone and O'Donnell, entered
into at Dundalk, the general rendezvous of the army
and the risings-out, the 18th of June 1595, and ending
at the said town the 17th of July following.
The army, reviewed at Dundalk, rose from thence the 21st
of June, and marched strong in infantry in her Majesty's pay,
besides the risings-out, 2,200 and odd, and in horse, as well
risings-out as others in her Majesty's 'pay, together with the
voluntaries, some 550 horse, the lieutenant-general whereof was
Sir Edward York, and the colonel-general of the infantry was
Sir Henry Norris. The said infantry was divided into three
several battailes, a vanguard, a battaile, and a rearward ; to
each ward appointed a third part of the carriage, with a third
part of the horse. Our cows, which were 1,000, were driven
by our kerne with a strong guard of shott and horse.
The same day we passed the pass of the Moyrie, and the
causeway, beforehand broken down by the rebels, was made
passable with " caishes " by a band of pioneers. We marched
that day two miles beyond the Moyrie before the army lodged
upon a ground convenient, and there remained until the 24th.
The Lord Deputy called several councils at wars. Sir John
Norris, Lord President of Munster, appointed Lord General
of the wars with absolute commission, made protestation to
the Lord Deputy that during his presence the army and
himself were to receive all directions from his Lordship. The
Lord Deputy, however, showed himself willing to impart
with him of his authority in some measure of equality ; but
he (Norris) with great modesty refused the same.
From the Newrie in two days his Lp. marched to Ardemagh,
where in a ground convenient two miles beyond the same, and
within two miles of the Blackwater, his Lp. encamped.
Whilst the camp was in quartering, his Lp., taking certain
troops of horse with him, with some boat companies, passed a
certain pass between his camp and the Blackwater, to take
view of the rebels, who made show upon the far side of the
^vater of their forces. Few bullets were exchanged, but many
railing speeches both in Irish and English.
That night the sentinels on the west quarter of the camp
were beaten in, but without any alarm. The Lord Deputy in
person, with some few companies of horse, made great haste
(though night services upon alarms are altogether for footmen
to answer), being very jealous over our cows, and could not
1 5 H
114 CAREW MSS.
1595.
satisfy himself until he had been upon the island where they
were under good guard, which consisted, however, chiefly of
Irish and kerne. But the rebels, whose espials had been in
the camp among us, both day and night, made no attempt that
way at all.
The next day his Lp. made the army to rise, and to lodge
near to Ardmaghe in a ground more plentiful of grass. But
the rebels, conceiving that the rising was rather for fear of
their near neighbourhood, prepared the night following to
give us a second .alarm. . His Lp., being certified by his
espials that certain companies of foot of the rebels were come
over the Blackwater and drawing into a wood, sent Captain
Hugh Mostin. with his company, and Captain Baker, of the
Brittany regimeut, into the wood, so that the rebels passing
through the same towards our camp found every quarter
without alarm ready to charge them, and these two companies
at their backs. They never after attempted to waken us any
more.
"The next day his Lp., having advised with the Lord
General, Sir John Norris, that the church and abbey of Ard-
magh, as much of it as had the roofs of the same unburned,
would make a fit garrison place instead of the fort of the
Blackwater, by the rebels long before razed, did set the same
work in hand, and raising a certain parapet, made the same
very guardable, and capable of 200 men for the present, and
with only some cost it will be able to contain 4 companies of
foot and one of horse."
"The second day of our encamping near to the Black water, the
archtraitor himself not only fired the houses of all his special
gentlemen and followers in the country about him, but also
his own town Dungannon,* and in the end razed to the ground
the castle itself. And having not four days before my Lord
Deputy's arrival with H.M. army assembled all the masons
of the country abeut him to have fortified the same as he
could in the strongest manner, having with pioneers long since
made great ditches with rampiers by the device, as it was said,
of a Spaniard he had with him, he in the end employed those
masons that were entertained for builders up, for pullers down
of that his house, and that in so great haste, as the same
overnight mustering very stately and high in the sight of all
our army, the next day by noon it was so low that it could
scarcely be discerned ; which eased the army of a great deal
of trouble and her Majesty of great charge, that otherwise her
Highness must have been at in transporting the cannon, which
was already brought to the Newrie by sea, over the Blackwater
by land.
" The church of Ardmagh having now been made tenable,
and victuals growing scant in the army and munition also,
Bungannan" in MS.
ELIZABETH. 115
1595.
and his Lp. determining to revictual Monoghan, resolved to
lay up all our carriages and provisions of the army within
the church of Ardmagh, where he left two companies in the
guard of the same, and with the rest of the army, horse and
foot, upon the sudden raising his camp, marched directly to
the Newrie, within three miles whereof the second day of his
march he encamped, having borrowed all the garrans of the
army, whose owners had by order of his Lp. laid up their
provisions and carriages in the guard* of the garrison of
Ardmagh, and from the camp sending a convoy of horse and
foot with empty garrans to the Newrie, with the same they
brought to the camp such store of victuals and munition as
there was before for the supply of both those garrisons before
specified, and furnishing of' the army with powder and shot
to have made a fight with the rebel if opportunity were
offered. For, in our march to the Newrie from Ardmagh,
we had but 9 barrels of powder left, which could not have
maintained half a day's fight, if the rebel had urged as he had
done at Monnogohan.
" During three days that his Lp. lay in camp, [the rebel]
expecting his Lp. was returning towards the Pale, leaving us
with all his force, meaning to have belayed us in the
pass of the Moyrie, passed on before us, and by the way
showing himself upon the hills. My Lord Deputy, suspecting
that he meant to cut off the convoy that was at the instant
with all the provision for the army marching from the
Newrie towards our camp with a guard only of 400 foot and
100 horse, issued himself with one half of the army to make a
stand for them ; which the rebel perceiving, he retreated him-
self without any further offer at all. Yet half a dozen of her
Majesty's horsemen falling in skirmish with some of theirs in
the arrear, one of the rascals willed them to tell the Lord
Deputy that Cormock and McGwier would every night lodge
by his Lp. whilst he should remain in those parts, and after-
wards would wait upon him in the pass of the Moyrie.
" The next day, contrary to expectation, his Lp. returning
towards Ardmagh, they supposed that he meant with all the
whole army, victualled as they thought, to pass over the
Blackwater into Clandeboy. But finding after two days'
encamping there, upon the rising of the army and the view of
the march of the same, that the revictualling of Monnoghan
was the only mark which we shot at, they in like sort prepared
to attend upon us, in such sort as it was not unlikely but that
they would have some doing with us, even upon the same
ground that they had before assailed her Majesty's forces upon.
Nevertheless we passed the bogs with all our carriages without
any their offer at all, other than upon the hills afar off ; but
there they braved us with all their forces of horse and foot,
" in regard" in MS.
H 2
116 CAREW MSS.
1595.-
which made a great show. Whereupon the Lord Deputy,
although his Lp. protested that he assured himself that, since
they would not fight with us upon the bog, they would never
abide it upon the hard ground, he nevertheless commanded
certain troops of horse to put them from the ground where on
the travile,* which immediately was done, notwithstanding a
while he made some show to the contrary. But Sir John Norris,
assuming with his own troop of horse with certain companies
of foot to pass unto them by a nearer way over a bog, although
he could not do it by all the means that he could use, yet
nevertheless it made them betake themselves under the guard
of their usual fastness of the woods adjoining.
" Whereupon my Lord Deputy, perceiving their meaning was
but to make him spend time in vain, commanded the army to
follow on their march to the place we pretended, which was to
Monnoghan, where being arrived, my Lord Deputy found
that Patrick McArte Moile McMahowne, being sheriff of the
county of Monnoghan, had carried himself for the victualling
of the garrison there, in the spite of the rebel in his greatest
forces, most loyally and valiantly, having taken from them
1.000 cows ; to whom my Lord Deputy, towards some recom-
pense of that and other his faithful services, increased his 15
horsemen that he had in her Majesty's pay to 25 for himself,
and 1 6 to a principal follower of his, being one of the Clanar-
dens, all being his followers.
"Having encamped three days within two mile of Monno-
ghan, which his Lp. in person visited with a convoy of horse
and foot, we marched the next day within eight mile of the
Newrie, where being forced to remain two days, through
extreme foul weather, the third day we encamped within two
mile of the Newrie, which was the 10th of July, having heard
by the way, by the rebels themselves to some of our army
which fell in skirmish with them, this lie, that whilst my Lord
Deputy had been visiting Monnaghan the archtraitor of Tyrone
had burned the Newrie. But being arrived at that our camp
near the Newrie, we found in truth that he had preyed the
Newrie and Sir Hugh McGwynnies of some 1,500 cows, and had
broken down and burned the Marshal's mills about the Newrie,
which indeed it is a great hurt to her Majesty's garrisons that
are laid there ; where the army remained two days.
" The third day, which was the 12th of July, in the morning
about 5 of the clock, the scout came into the camp, who
signified unto the Lord Deputy that they had discovered the
rebels with all their forces even at that instant within one
mile of the camp, drawing directly towards the pass of the
Moyrie ; whereof his Lp. advertised by them, as also by the
guides of the army, that they were upon a hard ground
distant from any wood, pass, or bog four mile, he commanded
* Sic; qu., whereon they travelled?
ELIZABETH. 117
forthwith the whole army to draw to the field ; and, leaving
some two bands of the out-risings for the guard of the camp
and the baggage and sick men of the army, he with the
forwardness of his own horse troop where his person was, so
hastened the rest of the bands of horse that were within half
an hour separated above miles from all foot, and advanced
so near the rebels as that between the point of our vanguard
of horse, being upon one hill, and the rear-guard of theirs,
being upon the next, nothing separated them but a small
valley between both.
" His Lp. at that instant was so carried with desire to attain
his troops and theirs with some close skirmish, to entertain the
rebels till our infantry might be drawn up unto them, that he
not then remembering that his troop, being indeed the gross of
the cavalry, and therefore being to make the greatest stand
for all the horse troops in the field, was by the order of the
war to have been the hindermost of all 1 , as that the word went
generally through the army, both horse and foot, that his Lp.
was engaged ; whom the General Sir John Norris with his
person accompanied, but his troop, although the fairest and
best armed, and therewithal the chiefest men that were
brought into Ireland since her Majesty's reign (which the
Almighty long continue !), was not able, with all the haste
they could make, to come near him."
The archtraitor the Earl, together with O'Donnell, upon
the next hill, viewing the troop of horse and foot with such
haste marching towards them, did lay 200 shott close by the
way and a bog at their back, where he saw the greatest troop
bent to pass, and he himself and O'Donnell drew all their
troops of horse behind the gross of their shott, which were
some 1 ,000 or more, to a hill further off.
My Lord Deputy " came fair unto the fist and laps of the
ambush," which, on seeing that their horsemen had deserted
them, quitted their ground after bestowing one volley of 30
shot, without hurt to any but only to O'Hanlan, who was my
Lord's guide that day, and by turn her Majesty's standard-
bearer for Ulster. There his Lp. did find the want he had of
50 carabines and some kerne, for that volley being discharged,
they instantly fell off to the bog, where they knew themselves
sure enough for all the horse, and fled to the woods ; but
some of the better sort were killed or taken. If such a running
away had been in France or Flanders, either of the French
King's army or the King of Spain's, the mightier of them could
not have showed himself again in the field within one year
following, and must of necessity have lost towns and terri-
tories. " But these rascals, although they run away and be
dispersed into so many parts as they are heads, jet till they be
all killed, or the fastness[es] of their countries garrisoned upon,
aud their cows, which is their revenues, and their very lives,
taken from them, will cloke themselves together." As yet the
archtraitor holds in his own possession both their pledges
and cows.
1 *
118 CAREW MSS.
159o.
It was confessed by a foster-brother of Cormocke, the Earl's
brother, who was taken, that the Earl and O'Donnell had
that morning assembled a council, and the general resolution
was, a fair runaway.
The army returned to the camp, where reposing itself
that night, the next day it marched through the pass of the
Morie, and lodged beyond the same some two miles from
Dundalke. After his Lp. had rested there three days, he
appointed the bands to be disposed in several garrisons within
and upon the skirts of the archtraitor's pretended territory
and countries. He assembled a council at war for that
purpose, in which he notified to Sir John Norris and the
rest, that having performed as much as was enjoined to
him by her Majesty's letters, he from that time forward
rendered the prosecution of the war absolutely to Sir John
according to her Majesty's commission, with determination
wholly to attend to the defence of the Pale, while Sir Richard
Bingham would attend to Connaught ; 1,000 foot and 100
horse being hourly expected out of England.
Sir John Norris protested he would prosecute the war
according to the means afforded him, and erect the fortifica-
tions appointed ; hoping that, if his invasion of the arch-
traitor's country should be frustrated by the failure of
provisions, as was his Lp.'s journey thither, it should be without
imputation to him. Wherewith the Council ended, the army
dissolved, and every man returned well wearied towards his
own dwelling that had any, the 18th of July 1595.
Copy. Pp. 16.
July 24. 159. EXPEDITION into the NORTH.
VoL 612, p. 40. 24 Julij, 1595. This day, the service of the North being
in question, the Lord Deputy before all the Council, then sitting
at the Council Board, required the Lord President * to take the
general charge of that service upon him ; unto whom he
would give and yield all the assistance he could from time to
time.
" Then present of the Council : the L. Chancellor, the L.
President, the L. of Meathe, Sir H. Wallop, Sir Ro. Gardner,
Sir Ro. Dillon, Sir Anth. St. Leger, Sir Geo. Bourchier, Mr.
Brabson, Sir Ra. Lane.
" This is a true copy of the entry made in the Council
Book, examined by me, Pa. Foxe."
Copy. P. 1.
160. To SIR JOHN NORRIS, President of Munster.
Vol. 612, p. 49. Commission to be General of her Majesty's forces in Ulster,
for suppressing such of the Queen's subjects in that province
* Sir John Norris, President of Monster.
ELIZABETH. 1 19
1595.
and its borders as have traitorously entered into arms, and
are now in open rebellion, daily burning, murdering, and
spoiling. He is to have the leading and governance of all
the martial forces within the realm of Ireland, and of all others
that shall hereafter be sent hither or erected here. To form
the ablest people in Ulster into bands, and to arm them out
of the store of munition lately brought into this land. To
proceed to the finishing of the fortifications within the said
province. The Deputy and Council shall effectually perform
all promises made by him touching pardon or protection to
be granted to any rebels. To take man's meat and horse-
meat within any part of the realm, as well within liberties
as without, in reasonable sort without oppression, paying
ready money or giving bills. In the absence of the Deputy,
to perform all other actions expedient for this service.
Signed at the beginning : W. Kussell ; at the end : Ad.
Dublin., Cane., Ho. Gardner, Ro. Dillon, Antho. St. Leger, Ro.
Napper, G. Bowrchier, Edward Brabson, Tho. Norris, Nich.
Walche.
Dated "1595."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Vol. 617, p. 233. 2. Another copy.
Aug. 20. 161. The QUEEN to the LOED DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 612, p. 37. Whereas there is an indictment presented in co. Tipperary
for a slaughter of some of the Cantwells by Sir Charles
O'Caroll, and an appeal brought for the same fact before the
Justices of our Bench there, the said Sir Charles has made
complaint that not only the loss of his life is intended by
means of that indictment laid in Tipperary, where he is
mortally hated in regard of divers spoils between his country
of Ely e and the County Palatine, but also that, by his answer-
ing of the appeal, he shall be forced to confess his country to
be in co. Tipperary, and thereby prejudice his inheritance, for
which he has duly paid us these many years 100Z. a year.
Finding .that he has put in bonds to answer the appeal to a
great value, and asks no favour, if by any indirect jury he
may be found to have either been present, or to have done
anything but in defence of his own country, we require some
commissioners to be appointed to inquire of the fact before
any further proceeding. As for the appeal, the trial is to be
suspended until the difference of the title betwixt the Earl
of Ormond and the said Sir Charles O'Caroll be determined,
whether the country of Eley be in co. Tipperary or not. When
a commission was granted to inquire of that matter, this
gentleman answered the bill brought against him, and the
Earl did not reply. If he shall now be justly condemned
120 CAREW MSS.
1595.
upon the appeal, we will not pardon him for any respect ;
and so we wish you to inform the Earl of Ormond.
Given under our Signet at our Palace of Westminster,
20 August, 27 (sic) Eliz. 1595.*
Copy. Pp.2.
Vol. en, p. 228. 2. Another copy.
Aug. 20. 162. By the LORD DEPDTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 612, p. 39. Proclamation for restraining the transporting of gunpowder
into this land, and forbidding the sale thereof to any but to
her Majesty's good subjects, viz., as Noblemen, Sheriffs, and
Justices of the Peace. It is to be kept in the common halls
or town houses of cities or towns, and from thence to be
issued to the owners' benefit.
Dublin, 20 August 1595.
Signed : W. Russell, Ad. Dublin., Cane., H. Wallop, Ro.
Gardner, Antho. Si Leger, G. Bowrchier, Geff. Fenton.
Copy. Pp.2.
163. By the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
VoL 612, p. 40. Proclamation for restraining the carriage of corn, beef, and
other victuals out of Ireland.
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 6. 164. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to SIR RALPH LANE.
VoL 612, p. so. Where lately we wrote to the Lord President to cashier
such companies as were not three score strong, these are to
require you to take view of such companies, and to cashier
them accordingly.
Castle of Dublin, 6 September 1595.
Signed : W. Russell, Ad. Dublin., Cane., H. Wallop, Ro.
Napper, G. Bowrchier, Geff. Fenton.
" P.S. Our meaning is, that such as are wanting should be
chequed, and the rest cashiered should supply th' other bands."
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 6. 165. " The SHERIFF of WESTMEATH'S CERTIFICATE."
VoL 612, p. 40a. Whereas it pleased your Lordship (the Deputy T) to direct
your letters to me for a proportion of garrons, pioneers, and
beoves to be delivered to Sir John Norris at his being in Ulster,
we sent the same, but when they came thither the collectors
could get no tickets for them. Besides, whereas our pioneers
* Enrolled on the Patent Roll of Ireland for 36-38 Elix. See Mr. Morrin's
Calendar, voL ii., pp. 4O5-407.
ELIZABETH. 121
1595.
should have been kept but 30 days, they stayed 9 weeks,
and could get no entertainment. Therefore the countiy will
not be so willing hereafter.
Mollingar, 6 September 1595.
Signed : James FittzGerrald.
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 12. 166. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL).
Vol. 632, p. I37a. Her Majesty has received from Sir John Norris a despatch
of the 25th and 27th of August, from the camp near the
Newrie. When the traitor's letter came Sir John did not allow
of it, as it contained but a few bare lines, scarce sufficient to
crave pardon for petty trespasses, and he presumed to make
himself the advocate for the rest, especially O'Donnell, Me
Guire, and others. Her Majesty " will have him simply im-
plore mercy for himself, divided from all show of greatness and
dominion over any her subjects."
" Where it is spread that she intendeth the utter extirpation
of the Irish, and is offered due obedience and refuseth it," her
Majesty will have it known that no subjects of hers shall be
oppressed by any, if they will live in obedience ; but if any
think by tyrannizing over others to fashion to themselves any
greatness, no formal submission shall preserve them from the
rod of her justice.
" Direct Sir John Norries to let the traitor find that what
he will do must quickly be offered by him apart, in which kind
her Majesty will not refuse to hear the others severally by
themselves, upon free and absolute submission." That vile and
base traitor was raised out of the dust by herself. If he will
singly and simply receive pardon for his life, her Majesty is
contented that you shall pardon him with the conditions
enclosed. Sir John Norries is to follow your directions.
" Nothing will more become the traitor than his public con-
fession what he knows of any Spanish practices, and his
abjuration of any manner of hearkening or combining with
any foreigners, a course fit in his offers to be made vulgar,
that in Spain and abroad the hopes of such attempts may be
extinguished."
In all parleys no principal subjects or commanders are to
be sent to him, " but rather some mean men of quality."
The Queen now leaves these matters to you, " not tying you
to send over for every circumstance, whereby so much time is
spent and opportunity lost." Manage the same with great
regard to her honour. She has caused some articles to be
sent you respecting what Is to be performed by the traitor.
She has also written to Sir John Norries. " He did set down a
chargeable project how the war should be prosecuted, and that
only for Ulster."
From the Court at Nonsuch, 12 September 1595.
122 CAREW MSS.
1595.
II. " Articles to be performed [by tbe Earl of Tyrone and the
other] traitors that [shall] crave pardon."*
(1.) You shall assure him of pardon of his life upon laying
down his arms, dispersing his forces, and submitting himself.
(2.) He shall reveal all foreign practices he is acquainted
with, and abjure all such practices ever hereafter.
(3.) He shall not presume to make suit for the pardon of
the captains or leaders of rebels.
(4.) If he peremptorily refuse his submission except the like
favour be showed to O'Donnell and McGuyre, either out of
pride in his own strength, or out of fear that they being left
out will oppress him, he may be answered that if her Majesty
will be so merciful as to receive him into grace she will be as
merciful towards others ; and her Majesty will treat with the
rebels singly and simply, without any combination.
(5.) If he speak of his living, he shall be absolutely
answered that he must trust to her Majesty's grace ; and he
must put in pledges and good assurance.
After the receiving of Tyrone and O'Donnell, who are the
chiefest, Maguire might be gotten, and some example made of
him, because he was first in actual rebellion at Iniskillyn.
If Tyrone insist upon remission for his brethren and base
son, you shall not much deny it.
Copy. Pp. 5.
Sept. 27. 167. The EARL OF TYRONE and O'DONNELL to the KING OF
VoL 612, p. 46. SPAIN.
Our only hope of re-establishing the Catholic religion rests
on your assistance. Now or never our Church must be
succoured. By the timidity or negligence of the messengers
our former letters have not reached you. We therefore again
beseech you to send us 2,000 or 3,000 soldiers, with money
and arms, before the feast of St. Philip and St. James. With
such aid we hope to restore the faith of the Church, and to
secure you a kingdom.
5. Cal. Octobris 1595.
Signed : O'Neill, Hugh O'Donnell.
" Intercepted, and received the 29th Sept. 1595, from the
hands of Piers O'Cullen."
Copy. Latin. P. 1.
VoL 617, p. 232. 2. Another copy.
Sept. 27. 168. The EARL OF TYRONE to DON CAROLO.
VoL 612, p. 45. I have been informed by the bearer of this that you have
written to me, but your letter has not yet reached my hands.
* The words in brackets are in Carew's handwriting.
ELIZABETH. 123
1595.
I was confident that I should not in vain appeal to you for
aid. The faith might be re-established in Ireland within one
year, if the King of Spain would send only 3,000 soldiers.
All the heretics would disappear, and no other sovereign
would be recognized than the King Catholic. Both I and
O'Donnell have besought him to succour the Church. Pray
second our petition. Jf we obtain positive assurance of suc-
cour from the King, we will make no peace with the heretics.
We have written frequently, but are afraid none of our letters
have reached the King, as he has returned us no answer. The
bearer, a man of pious zeal, has undertaken this perilous
mission.
5. Cal. Octobris.
Signed : Amicus tuus ignotus O'Neyll.
Countersigned: Franciscus Montfortius.
" Intercepted, and received the 29th Sept. from the hands
of Piers O'Cullen."
Copy. Latin. P. 1.
Vol. 617, p. 230. 9. Another copy.
Sept. 27. 169. The EARL OF TYRONE, O'DONNELL, and MONTFORT to
Vol. 612, p. 45a. DON JOHN DELAGUILA.
As we have heard of your fame, and of your goodwill
towards us and our country, we pray you to assist the bearer,
who is sent by us to the King Catholic to obtain his aid in
our warfare for the Catholic faith. By acceding to our
request, he will re-establish our religion and acquire a
kingdom.
5. Cal. Octobris 1595.
Signed : Amici tui O'Neill, Hugh O'Donnell.
Countersigned : Franciscus Momfortius.
" Intercepted, and received the 29 Sept. 1 595, from the
hands of Piers O'Cullan."
Copy. Latin. P. 1.
Vol. 617, p. 231. 2. Another copy.
Sept. 28. 170. The QUEEN to SIR WILLIAM KUSSELL, Lord Deputy.
VoL 6 12, p. 34. By our letters of the 12th inst. we authorized you to follow
the articles signed by our Council, wherein we directed you
vrithin what limits we would accept the submission of the
traitor Tyrone. We are persuaded that you have proceeded
with him in that form. Out of commiseration for those poor
people, whose ruin must follow by the prosecution of the
heads of this rebellion, we give you liberty to assure him of
further grace and favour, if he be not contented with the
pardon of his life only. Our meaning is contained in these
articles enclosed. They are to be carried secretly, and you
CAREW MSS.
1595.
are to draw them as low as possible you may. [Sir] John
Norris is to be informed of these articles.
Under our Signet at Nonesuche, 28 September 1595, 37 Eliz.
n. " Articles concerning the submission of the Earl of
Tyrone and other rebels in Ireland, 28 Sept. 1595."
When Tyrone seeks his pardon, he may petition for his
living and estate. Though we could like best to have it
simply referred to us, you may agree to his desires, rather
than to break and leave him to utter despair.
Let him know that, besides his life, he has forfeited his
whole estate, so as whatsoever he may have hereafter is to
come to him anew from us. He must leave all combinations
with all disobedient subjects and all strangers. If he consent
to this, you may tell him you will procure that he shall be
restored to his former estate of the barony of Dungannon,
as granted to his father Matthew, when Con O'Neale, his
grandfather, was made Earl by King Henry VIII. ; the Earl-
dom to remain in our disposition until he deserve to be
restored to the same. It is to be considered what lands might
be restored to him : none to be near the bridge or the fort at
the Blackwater, nor to Armaghe, or Monaghan, or the
Newrie.
Further, there is to be considered to how many things he
did submit in England in April 1590, upon being charged
with putting to death one of the sons of Shane O'Neale. All
the captainries of the Irish on the east side of Lough Eawgh
to be exempted from his rule. He is to put to liberty Shane
O'Neale's son, and to suffer Turlaugh Lennagh to enjoy his
castle of Straban.
These conditions seem more tolerable than to continue an
uncertain war. For the observation of them, he shall deliver
his eldest lawful son as a pledge, to be brought up at school
in England, and three or four others, " whereof, if it may be, one
of his brothers and one of his base sons, and one of the
O'Hagans, and one of the O'Gwyns to be of that number ;" to
remain in the English Pala
O'Donnell, McGwire, O'Rowrke, or any of the McMahons,
are not to have pardon at the solicitation of the Earl, but on
their own several submissions ; and by a letter of the Earl's
dated the 27th of August it appears that he yields to this. As
for O'Donnell and McGwire, some portions of their countries
are to be assigned to such others of their sept as have not
rebelled, and that are competitors to their captainries, whereby
to diminish their greatness. Those who are pardoned are not
to have combination with any stranger or with any captain of
the Irishry, nor suffer any. Scots or other strangers to reside
in their country. And if the Earl of Tyrone refuse these con-
ditions, it shall be secretly procured that O'Donnell be received
to grace and severed from the Earl, and thereby Connaught
reduced to the former obedience ; and the commodity of land-
ELIZABETH. 125
1595.
ing any Spaniards upon the coast of Tyreconnell may be also
avoided.
Copies. Pp. 4t.
Vol. 617, p. 224. 2. Other copies of the same.
Oct. 10. 171. GEORGE HARVY to [LORD DEPUTY RUSSELL].
Vol. 612, p. 41. Whereas your Lp. and the Council directed a commission
to me to levy within co. Meath 450 beoves, 80 garrons,
and 100 pioneers, I did use my best endeavour to send
them forward to Dundalk, there to be delivered to such as
my Lord General (Norris) should appoint. Your four letters
have caused me no little grief, that after 42 years' service I
should be charged with negligence. I called all the collectors
to Tryme and examined them. They answered that they
had every one delivered according to their warrants ; which I
could not reprove, as no receipts had been given.
Skrene, 10 October 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Oct. 18. 172. SUBMISSION of HUGH O'DONNELL, now chief of his Name.
Vol. 612, p. 46a. I confess to have offended your Majesty contrary to your
peace and laws, which I cannot justify, though proceeding not
of any malice against your Majesty, but chiefly from the bad
usage of me by Sir John Perrott, in the unlawful apprehension
of me, with many other abuses. As this has been my first
offence, extend upon me and mine your gracious pardon.
Protesting hereafter faithfully to serve you, I do renounce to
join with any foreign prince or potentate.
Signed : Hugh O'Donnell.
Dated at the beginning, 18 October 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Oct. 1 8. 173. SUBMISSION of HUGH EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 612, p. 47. Calling to mind the great benefits and the place of honour I
have received from your Majesty, I confess forgetting my duty
and obedience contrary to your peace and laws, which I cannot
justify, yet I protest the same proceeded not of malice or
ambition, but from being unjustly and wickedly charged by
my enemies, who sought to deprive me of my life. These
ungodly practices being known to my kinsmen, allies, and
followers, they in revenge entered into some traitorous actions
without my privity or consent. As this has been my first
offence, and I have before served your Highness with loss
of my blood, extend upon me and my followers your gracious
pardon.
I did not take the name of O'Neale upon me in respect of
any greater dignity than I have, but mistrusting some other
might take that name on him, and so thereby breed great
126 CAREW MSS.
1595.
trouble to my tenants and followers. I am now desirous to
renounce it. My enemies have published abroad that I prac-
tised with foreign princes to draw strangers into this king-
dom ; but I did not go about any such matter before the
20th of August last, other than the retaining of some Scots for
my own defence. Before that date I never practised with, or
received letter or message from the King of Spain or other
potentate, for the disturbance of the quiet of your Majesty's
realm, neither will henceforward.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone.
Dated at the beginning, 18 October 1595.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Oct. 27. 174. The EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 612, p. 47a. " Articles agreed unto in the Cessation of Arms taken the
27th of October 1595."
(1.) That no act of hostility or stealth be committed upon
her Majesty's subjects.
(2.) That all her Majesty's garrisons shall freely pass with
victuals, munition, and other provisions.
(3.) That any soldier shall fetch in grass, timber, stone, &c.,
for the fortifying or repairing of the said garrisons.
(4.) That the Earl shall not make any journeys into Clan-
deboy or other countries bordering upon Tirone, to use force
upon any that submit to her Majesty.
(5.) That the creaughts of the Earl's adherents shall not
graze upon the ground of any persons under her Majesty's
obedience.
(6.) That if any of the contrary part shall offer themselves
to her Majesty's obedience, it shall be lawful to receive them.
(7.) For the performance of all things in these articles the
Earl shall deliver such pledges as by Captain St. Leger shall
be demanded ; which pltuges, in case his pardon be not gianted,
shall be re-delivered.
(8.) As the Earl's followers will reap great benefit from this
cessation, in that their cattle shall freely feed in the plains,
he is therefore to furnish 1,000 beoves for the garrisons.
{Note in the margin : " This article only for the beoves
denied by the Earl, and all the rest agreed unto."]
(9.) This truce to continue till 1 January, and for one
month longer if the Lord Deputy desire it.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone.
Names of the pledges : Brian O'Hagan, McFerdarragh
O'Hagan, Donough Rerogh O'Hagan, McMelaghlin McBrian
Boy O'Hagan.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Nov. 8. 175. " The SHERIFF of DUBLIN'S CERTIFICATE."
Vol. 612, p. 41. I have received directions from the Lord Deputy to send
300 beoves to the North for her Majesty's forces there, the
ELIZABETH. 127
1595.
most part whereof have been sent. Some turned back, as none
had been appointed to receive them ; and no bill was given by
the General (Norris) or Provost-Marshal for those delivered.
Owing to this, the poor country will not furnish any more
beoves. As for carriages, the General and captains have
been very sufficiently served out of this county of Dublin.
8 November 1595.
Signed : Natha. Smithe, sheriff.
Copy. P. 1.
176. " CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS set down for the SERVICE."
Vol. 612, p. 48a. A fit man to be sent to the Earl of Tyrone, to let him
know the doings of his son Con, those of O'Donell in Con-
naught, and those of the McMahones in the Breyneie, con-
trary to the cessation ; and to sound him touching his coming
to the State for his pardon.
A garrison must be sent at once into the Breyneie.
If the Earl will not come in, sundry persons, both in the
English Pale and other parts, are to be arrested, " as men
doubtful to give aid to the Earl, specially if he take upon him
the cause of religion."
The O'Mores in Leax to be stayed. Feogh McHugh to be
watched during his protection. Rice O'Toole to be espied,
" and what resort is to her from all parts." Dongannon to be
strengthened with ordnance, and co. Wexford to be ready to
defend it.
The Vice-President of Munster to see beacons along the
sea-coasts kept ; and that province is to be mustered and put
in arms.
Copy. P. 1.
177. The ARMY.
Vol. 612, p. 51. Certificate of the horsemen, footmen, and kearne in her
Majesty's pay in Ireland, 1595.
Under the chief officers, 230 horse, 90 foot. Companies
of horsemen, 427 ; supplied out of England in August 1595,
100 horse ; one company erected in April 159C. " Old com-
panies [of foot] with new erections," 1,450. Bryttaine
companies, 1,500 foot. Companies of foot sent out of England,
1,000. Kearne, 158.
Total, G57 horse, 4,040 foot. In all, 4,855.
Signed by Sir Ralph Lane, muster-master.
The names of the officers and captains are mentioned. At
the end there are lists of the companies received fro?n England
in August ] 595, and in October and November 1 596.
Copy. Pp. 5.
128 CAREW MSS.
1595.
178. The ARMY.
Vol. 6ia, p. sea. "A Note of all the Footmen in Ireland and of their several
places of Garrison."
Carrickfergus : Sir Heniy Wallop, 100 ; Captain Merriman,
60 ; Captain Bethell, 50. Ardmaugh : Sir Thomas Knowles,
60 ; Captain Wilraote, 60 ; Captain Barker, 60 ; Captain
Kingsmell, 60. Newry : The Marshal, 100 ; Captain Audley,
60 ; Captain Mansfild, 60 ; Captain Collier, 60 ; Captain
Treuer, 60. Carlingford : Captain Ashendon, 60 ; Captain
Cuny, 60. Dondalke : Captain Lister. 60 ; Captain Stonton,
60 ; Sir H. Duke, 60. Atherdy : Captain Rice ap Hughe,
60. Kells : Captain Good wine, 60 ; Lord Montjoye, 60.
Navan: Sergeant Major, 60. Trime: Captain Percie, 60.
Drogheda: Sir H. Norris, 120; Captain Ma. WingQeld, 60 ;
Captain Brett, 60. Talbottoune: Captain Garrett, 60. In
Leix : Captain St. Leger, 100 ; Captain Lee, 50. Waterford :
Lord General (Sir John Norris), 120 ; Sir Richard Wingfield,
(iO; Captain Izod, 60. Youghall: Sir John Dowdall, 100.
Limricke : Sir Thomas Norris, 100. Thomond : The Lord
of Thomond, 120. Athenry : Captain Willis, 60; Captain
Hu. Mostion, 60. Offally : Sir George Bourchier, 1 00. Athlone :
Captain Parker, 60 ; Captain Parsons, 60. Westmeath, and
there adjoining, whereof three are appointed for the Earl of
Clanricard: Captain Baptist, 60 ; Captain Pettit, 60; Captain
Tutcher, 60 ; Captain Streete, 60 ; Captain W. Mostion, 60 ;
Captain Highani, 60. Abbieboyle : Sir Richard Bingham, 100.
Corroghboye : Captain Conwey, 60.
The whole number of captains of foot, 47.
Dated " 1595," in the margin.
Copy. P. 1.
179. TYRONE'S REBELLION.
Vol. en, p. 191. "A Discourse of Ireland [by Sir George Carew], wherein
it is conjectured that if the Spaniards do invade
Ireland, they will make their descent in Munster.
G. C."*
" That the Earl of Tyrone is a traitor, and combined with
strangers, no man doubteth ; which being granted, we are to
consider of these heads ensuing ; viz., What aid he is like
to have out of foreign parts, and from whence. Where it is
likely that they will make their descent, and what harm will
ensue when they be landed."
His foreign aids will be either Scottish or Spanish. The
common landing places of the former are Lough Foyle, Dun-
luse, Dunserke, or the Glynnes, and sometimes further up in
Tirconnell. " They are a valiant nation, able to endure the
* This heading is in the hand of Sir George Carew.
ELIZABETH. 129
miseries of a war better than the Irish, and will be pleased
with any entertainment, be it never so little."
The aid from Spain must be either money or men. Money
is the least dangerous, though it will give him power to draw
all the loose people of Ireland to him ; " and as for the great
lords, a very few excepted, a little gold will make them
neuters."
If he is aided with men, they will do most harm by landing
at Dublin, in Connaught, or O'Donnell's country, at Waterford,
Cork, or Kinsale. Of these Waterford and Cork are most to
be feared ; yet the reasons for their landing at Dublin are,
the same that moved us to Lisbon, that a blow given to
the head is most dangerous ; that it is easy to join the Earl
from Dublin, being only 30 miles from the borders of Ulster ;
and that this is " an assured mean (if likewise he do possess
himself of the Isle of Man and Mylford Haven) to keep all
succours that may be sent out of England, saving such as
shall come out of the west country, which is a long cut, and
when they are landed in Munster (for there they must land),
a dangerous weary march to pass to the English Pale."
St. George's Channel is, I confess, dangerous through shoals,
but the sands are not above fifty miles in length, and are near
to the coast, and at the mouth of the river of Dublin there is
safe riding.
But to surprise Dublin and to fortify themselves in Man
and Myllford, as they must, would require too large an army
to be victualled in Ireland, and to supply it out of Spain is
almost impossible.
" Forces out of Spain to land in Connaught or O'Donnell's
country (where are safe harbours), in every man's opinion,
must give great comfort and aid to these northern rebels ;"
but the passage by sea is somewhat long, and the Earl has no
need of men. " Many he cannot feed, and few will do him
but little good, and especially Spaniards in Ulster, who by
former experience were unable to endure the hardness of that
country in time of peace, much less in war ; and also their
being there is too remote to draw the rest of Ireland from
obedience, which is Tyrone's desire."
Then it may be concluded that the Spaniards will make
their descent in the province of Munster, where are goodly
havens, and good towns to refresh their men ; and the climate
is more agreeable and the soil more fertile than in Ulster.
" The people of Munster are Spanish in heart, Popish in
religion, and infinitely discontented since the traitors' lands
were divided amongst the Undertakers." If the gentlemen
of that province could agree upon a leader, they would
declare themselves in action, as Ulster has done, and " with
joyful hearts, as unto their deliverers out of bondage, they
will resort and yield obedience " to the Spaniards, who at
Waterford would find all kinds of conveniences, fortifica-
tions, artillery, " portable rivers," salt, wine, iron, fish, &c. ;
16
130 CAREW MSS.
1595.
and there is more shipping in that harbour than in any other
port of Ireland. " If they of Waterford had minds to resist,
I know them unable to defend themselves, and once lost, I
assure myself of a general revolt (the Earl of Ormond and
some few with him excepted) of all the gentlemen in Munster."
Further, if Munster be in a garboil before Ulster be pacified,
no province will be free from rebellion, for Connaught already
aids Tyrone, and Leinster is ill affected to us and wholly
different in religion. 3,000 Spaniards would be sufficient to
take and keep Waterford, and raise a general revolt in
Ireland.
The best remedy is to place garrisons for the guard of the
river and town of Waterford. As for the river, the fort of
Doncannon, with one band of footmen, will be able to forbid
the passage of shipping to or from the town. Two bands of
footmen will be sufficient to restrain the town from any
voluntary revolt. A small ward may be placed upon the rock
on the further side of the liver, opposite and over the town,
with great ordnance. In 1 589 a fort was begun in that place,
but whether it be ended I am ignorant.
Next to Waterford, Cork is the most dangerous haven for
the Spaniards to land at; "but it is far from the heart," and
not so convenient as Waterford.
Draft corrected by Carew. Pp. 7.
Endorsed by Careiv : " A discourse discovering what places
are fit for Spaniards to land at in Ireland, what will ensue
upon their descent, and how to prevent them from taking of
Waterford, 1595,* per G. C."
180. SIR CHARLES O'CARROLL to SIR ROBERT CECILL.
Vol. 614, p. 87. A true Note of certain Territories subtracted and concealed
by the Earl of Ormond from her Majesty, imagining
them to be within his county palatine of Tippei-ary.
Dow Arra, called the country of McBrien Arra ; O'Mulrian's
country, called Wony-Mulrian ; Keillanalforta, called Shane
Glasse's country ; Dow O'Loyagh, called Me Walter's country ;
and Muskryhyry, now improperly and usurpedly called the
Nether Ormond (extending to the river Shannon), are of
Thomond, and not of Ormond, and were ever heretofore so
reputed until of late substracted " by the greatness, counte-
nance, and extort power of the said Earl/' Proofs are given
that the said countries have been and ought to be of
Thomond.
The Earl of Ormond derives his name from " Urwoyn,"
signifying " the front of the two provinces, or Munsters." As
he has no heirs male, the next heirs are gaping for the earldom,
* The date in the margin at the commencement appears to be " 1598," bnt
is indistinct
ELIZABETH. 131
1595.
but their loyalty is doubtful. I remain a dutiful subject,
and none of ray ancestors have been touched with treason.
If the Earl of Tyrone were cut off, " who were then so mighty
in Ireland as the Earl [of Ormond]'s kindred ?" It is to be
feared that, degenerating from his Lordship, they may become
as undutiful as they have been ; and perhaps it might be
needful to have a dutiful subject near them to cross their
actions. " I know not to what end the plot is laid and
followed with such heat by his Lordship to cut me off upon
so slight an occasion," but " it gives me occasion to suspect
that which I fear may follow." Judge impartially between us.
" From my Chamber at London, this present Monday 1595."
Signed: Ch. Carroulle.
Holograph (?) Pp. 2. Addressed.
Endorsed : The Meares of Ormonde.*
1596.
Jan. 8. 181. The QUEEN to SIB WM. RUSSELL, Lord Deputy, SIB JOHN
Vol. 632, p. 140. NORRIES, SlB HABBT WALLOPP, and SlR JEFFBET
FENTON.
We have by our general letters of the 7th prescribed how
you are to proceed with these northern rebels. Considering
their former submission, we " wonder at such alteration since
they were advertised of your disposition to grant them
pardon." We would not have been so ready to pardon them
had we supposed our pardon would not be embraced with all
humility and penitence. It is disputable whether it were not
more fit to root out such notorious traitors and their posterity
by violent persecution, especially him (the Earl of Tyrone)
whom we have raised from the dust.
We see by your " collections " that his rebellion has been
favoured throughout that kingdom, and therefore can hardly
be extinguished without great effusion of blood. If you find
that the principal ringleaders will not submit unless the rest
[be pardoned], you may grant to Tyrone, O'Donnell, and all
the rest named in your letters our free pardon, upon condi-
tion that they all shall come in and submit themselves. We
leave their lands and goods to your discretion. You are to
use the advice of the Chancellor, Chief Justice, and Chief
Baron, and others of our learned counsel. For the speedy
conclusion of a general quiet, you may ratify whatever may
soonest effect the same. Make all the conditions as honorable
to us as you may, and especially that our revenue in Mouo-
ghan be still answered to us. Spend no needjess time in
staying for fresh directions from us. Discover whether this
last protraction of Tyrone and O'Donnell's coming in were
only out of desire " to draw this remission to their com-
panions," or whether it be " a plot of temporise" until they
receive foreign aid. Delay is dangerous.
Richmond, 8 January 1595.
Copy. P/>. 3.
* There is a copy of the first portion of this document in MS. 6X5, f. 64.
has been noticed in the preceding volume. (See No. r>G4.)
I 2
132 CAREW MSS.
1596.
Jan. 8. 182. The EARL OF TYRONE and O'DONNELL.
Vol. cia, p. soa. " Instructions delivered to Sir Henry Wallop and Sir Robert
Gardner by the Lord Deputy and Council how to treat
with the Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, and others."
Where you are appointed Commissioners this day, to treat
and parley with the Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, and others,
notwithstanding the generality of your commission, you are
to persuade them to accomplish her Majesty's instructions,
and the articles he (the Earl) agreed to in. England, and to
renounce "all superiority and aid of foreign powers, especially
from the King of Spain." The cessation of arms may be
continued to the last of February.
Dated 8 January 1595.
Signed : W. Russell, Ad. Dublin., Cane., John Norris, Ro.
Napper, G. Bowrchier, Geff. Fenton, H. Wallop, Ro. Gardner.
Copy. P. 1.
Vol. 617, P . 236. 2. Another copy.
Jan. 12-30. 183. TYRONE'S REBELLION.
Vol. 627, p. 210. Journal of the Proceedings of Sir Henry Wallopp and Sir
Robert Gardener, Commissioners to treat and parley
with the Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, and other northern
chieftains.
By virtue of our commission we set forward from Dublin
on Monday, the 12th of January 1595, and came to Dundaik
on Thursday, the 15th, when we received a letter from the
Earl in these words.*
Signed at the end: H. Wallop, Ro. Gardener.
Pp. 84.
Jan. 13-26. 184. The EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol 617, P . 265. A sunm , ai y Collection of the Proceedings of Sir Henry
Wallopp and Sir Robert Gardiner, authorized under the
Great Seal of Ireland, dated January 1595, to
treat with the Earl of Tyrone and other the northern
chieftains : collected out of their Journal presented to
the Lord Deputy and Council, which was transmitted
into England."
They left Dublin on Monday, 13th (sic) January, and came
to Dundaik on the 15th. There they received a letter from
* The rest of this journal is composed of the correspondence which passed
between the Commissioners and the Earl of Tyrone. Its substance is comprised
in subsequent articles. The handwriting is similar to that in the letterbook of
Sir William Pelham (MS. 597), which was written by Morgan Colman. Many
passages of importance have been noted by Lord Burleigh, who has also made
some few memoranda in the margins.
ELIZABETH. 133
Tyrone, who was come to Aghnoskye, two miles from Dun-
dalk, promising to attend them, and "praying that the griev-
ances since the last truce made between him and Sir John
N orris, the Lord General, might first be cleared on all sides."
The Commissioners answered, by letter dated 15 January,
that they doubted not to accord all matters past, praying him
to meet them at Dundalk ; and that they had authority to
protect him and all others that came with him. The Earl
replied that he could not then give them full satisfaction,
for his secretary, Henry Hovenden, was absent, and others he
could not trust to write for him ; and that O'Donnell was not
yet come.
On the 17th the Earl announced the arrival of O'Donnell
and most of the Irish chieftains, and prayed the Commissioners
to come to a place called the Narrow Acre, while he came to a
place adjoining called the Black Staff. This they refused to
do, and commanded him to come to Dundalk, under her Ma-
jesty's protection. The letter was sent by Philip Hore, Sir
Henry Wallopp's secretary, who was well known to Tyrone.
Tyrone made answer that lie could not come to Dundalk, but
would come to any other indifferent place. On the 19th the
Commissioners wrote to the Earl reproving his fears, and
requesting him to set down in writing his offers and demands.
If these should be acceptable to her Majesty, they assured him
of her gracious pardon for his life, lands, and goods, and also
for the rest of his confederates.
" Demands made by Tyrone, O'Dounell, and others, sent by
Philip Hore, who was sent by the Commissioners with
their last letter dated the 19th of January 1595."
(1.) "That all persons may have free liberty of conscience."
(2.) That the Earl and all the inhabitants of Tyrone may
have pardon and be restored to their blood ; and that all the
chieftains and others who have taken the Earl's part may
have like pardon, namely, McGwire, McMahon, O'Hanloyne,
O'Kelye, the McGennesses, Neale Brian Ertaghe, Shane
McBrian McPhelims, and those of the Rowte. All these to
depend upon the Earl's peace, the Earl yielding for them such
rents, services, and rising-out as their ancestors have paid to
her Majesty's predecessors.
(3.) That O'Donnell may have pardon for himself and his
followers, as also for Me William and JRann McWilliam, Brian
Oge O'Rwrke, and all those of Connaught that have taken
O'DonnelPs part, and all of them to have their several lands ;
and that O'Donnell may have such right in Connaught as
his ancestors had.
(4.) That Pheagh McHugh be pardoned, &c.
(5.) That no garrison, sheriff, or other officer shall remain in
Tyreconnell, Tyrone, or any of the inhabitants' countries before
named, excepting the Newry and Carrigfergus.
1 G *
134 CAREW MSS.
1596.
(6.) The Earl, O'Donnell, and the rest (if these requests
be granted) will remain dutiful ; and after a while, when the
great fear which they conceived is lessened, they will draw
themselves to a more nearness of loyalty to her Highness.
Signed: Hugh Tirone, Hugh O'Donnell, McGuire, McMahon,
Hu. O'Neale, Shane O'Neale.
The next day, the 20th of January, the Commissioners,
having in their company the sheriff, Sir Henry Duke, and
Geralt Moore, in all but five, met with Tyrone and O'Don-
nell a mile out of Dundalk, none of either side having any
other weapons than swords. " The forces of either side stood
a quarter of a mile distant from them, and whilst they parleyed
(which was on horseback) two horsemen of the Commissioners' .
stood firm in the midway between the Earl's troops and them,
and likewise two horsemen of the Earl's was placed between
them and her Majesty's forces. These scouts-officers were to
give warning if any treacherous attempt were made on either
part." This treaty continued three hours. The Earl and
O'Donnell stood still upon their demands, and the Com-
missioners upon the negative ; and they departed without
any important conclusion, agreeing to meet in the same place
the day following.
Names of the principal men that were then assembled.
The Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, McGuire, McMahon, Cormack
McBrian O'Neale, Sir John O'Dohertye, Philip O'Relye, Ever
McCoolye McMahon, Shane McBrian O'Neale. Henry Oge
O'Neale, Neale McBrian Ertaghe O'Neale, Con, the Earl's base
son, Tirloghe McHenry O'Neale.
The day following, the 21st, the Earl and O'Donnell in a
joint letter signified that they were resolved to stand upon
their demands, and prayed the Commissioners to repair to
Sir John Bedlowe's house, and from thence to send them word
what they would allow of, and what articles they disliked.
They answered that within two hours they would be at Sir
John Bedlowe's house, but refused to send any answer to
their articles until they had had a second meeting.
On the 22nd the Commissioners and Tyrone and O'Donnell
met in the same place and in the same manner as before, but
they were more fearful of foul dealing than formerly, and
desired to treat by writing, which was refused. Nothing
was concluded.
On the 24th Tyrone and O'Donnell desired that the truce,
which was about to expire, might be prolonged to Michaelmas
or All Hallowtide next ensuing ; that Philip O'Relye's sureties
might not be troubled for their bands; and that the Earl
might have his pledges returned. The Commissioners agreed
to prolong the cessation for two months, and assented to the
other demands.
On the 25th Tyrone wrote to inquire whether they were
content that the truce should continue for a fortnight after the
ELIZABETH. 135
1596.
present truce shall be expired. To this the Commissioners
condescended, for that on Friday following the former cessa-
tion ended.
On the 26th articles were agreed upon, and their grievances
were set down, considered of, and answered.
Copy. Pp. 6.
Jan. 13. 185. The EARL OF TYRONE to the COMMISSIONERS (WALLOP
Vol. 627, p. 210. and GARDINER).
By the Lord Deputy and Council's letters I perceive you
are to repair to Dundalk on Wednesday, the 14th inst., to let
us understand her Majesty's pleasure. Nigh to that place,
upon the borders, myself, O'Donnell, and the rest of the gentle-
men of the North will not fail to be. I desire that the last truce
may be " cleared " according to the Lord General's (Sir John
Norris) order with me, for whilst the gentlemen of the North
are here together, each of them may answer for himself, if he
has done what he ought not, and also may be answered for all
their grievances since this truce.
Maherlacooe, 13 January 1595.
P.S. I stayed her Majesty's pursuivant here the longer
because I looked for O'Donnell ere this. I will see the letters
to him delivered.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 14. 186. WARRANT by the LORD GENERAL, SIR JOHN NORRIS, to
Vol. 612, p. ssa. the SHERIFF of Co. DUBLIN.
Whereas I directed my warrant to you for the placing of
certain horses there, and to furnish the boys and grooms with
their diets and lodgings, it appears by your certificate that
some persons have refused to receive the said horses. Cause
such persons to be apprehended, and to appear before the
Lord Deputy and Council.
Dublin, 14 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 15. 187. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 627, p. 2100. \Ve have received your letter of the 13th, and understand
you have come within three miles of this place. Touching your
desire that the last truce may be " cleared," your country
shall be satisfied upon our conference with you. We hope
O'Donnell is come to you, and that you have received our
private letter. We trust the conference will take place here,
as we have authority by commission under the Great Seal to
grant protection to you and all others.
Dundalk, 15 January 1595.
Copy. P.I.
136 CAREW MSS.
1K96.
[Jan. 15.] 188. The EARL OF TYRONE to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 6S7, p. aioa. I have received your letter written this afternoon. I cannot
answer it in all points, as Henry Hovenden is not here.
" O'Domiell is not come here as yet, but nevertheless I will be
where I was this day, and there I will make answer for any-
thing done by any of my people, having the like shown to
me ; and when O'Donnell comes he hath promised to do the
like."
From Aghneskey, .
" To his very loving friends, Sir Henry Wallop and Sir
Robert Gardener, give these."
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 16. 189. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL).
Vol. 627. p. 211. This bearer, your messenger, is returning this way from the
Newrie. We came to this town yesterday, and received a
letter from the Earl, to which we replied by the pursuivant
Stanley. "O'DonneLL's not coming with him doth minister
some cause to suspect indirect dealing."
" Sir Hugh Magnise died the 12th hereof, upon whose death
Glasney McCawley, pretending title by the tawnist custom,
came to the stone whereon the Magnisses were wont to receive
their ceremony, and hath called himself Magnise ; but whether
by the Earl's consent and privity or not we have not yet
learned the certainty. Whereupon Arthur, Sir Hugh's eldest
son, is this day come unto us craving our lawful aid and favour
for maintenance of his title and right by her Majesty's letters
patents ; and would have made his present repair unto your
Lordship, but that he feareth his castles would in the meantime
be surprised by the adversary, which yet are held for him by
his mother. Therefore we have written with him to Mr. Staf-
ford, that if any such attempt shall be made, he shall do his
best to maintain him in the possession of them until your
Lordship's pleasure shall be further known ; and what Air. Staf-
ford himself did therein, so soon as lie heard Sir Hugh was
dead, will appear unto your Lordship by his letter to us."
It is reported here that Philip O'Rely is come to the EarL
Dundalk, 16 January 1595.
P.S. Captain Collier understands that a messenger which
he sent to the Newrie was intercepted at the Moyrie, and his
letters taken from him, which we gather were your letters for
the execution of martial law. We have here but one pursui-
vant, and beseech you to send us another.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 16. 190. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
VoL 627, p. 21 la. \y e request an answer to our letter of yesterdaj'-. It is not
pleasing to us to stay long here without effecting somewhat in
ELIZABETH. J37
15.96.
these affairs. Whether O'Donnell be come or not we are
ready to confer with you.
Dundalk, 16 January 1595.
Addressed : To the Right Honorable the Earl of Tyrone.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 17. 191. The EARL OF TYRONE to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 627, p. 212. I have perused your letters of the 3rd and 6th of this
month, sent from Dublin, and also of the 15th and 16th from
Dondalke. If it please you to come to a place called the
Narrow Acre, towards Dondalke, on Monday next or tomorrow,
I will come to a place adjoining called the Black Staff. Let
me know your answer tomorrow morning, for that O'Donnell
and the rest of the gentlemen of Ulster are here. I am ready
to conform myself to the good liking of her Majesty and
yourselves.
17 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 17. 192. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 627, p. 212. By your letter dated this day you confess the receipt of our
several letters. We have manifested to you our power to give
you and the rest protection, or any other assurance for your
coming to us ; and you need not doubt our sincere intentions.
We think it strange that you should remain so suspicious as
to appoint a place for us to repair to ; and it is for us to
appoint the time, place, and manner of our meeting. Should
you absolutely refuse to come hither, we will return you our
resolution what further course for conference we shall think
meet to hold with you. " We are contented, before such as you
shall think good, to give our oaths for the safe coming hither
unto us, stay, and return of yourself and so many as shall
come hither with you, over and besides the protection/'
Dondalke, 17 January 1595.
P.S. We send herewith Philip Hove, secretary to me Sir
Henry Wallop, a man not unknown to you, for your further
resolution.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 18. 193. The EARL OF TYRONE to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. C27, p. 213. I have received your letter of the 17th by the secretary of
Sir Henry Wallop. I was induced to name places for our
meeting because I may not satisfy your expectation in going
to Dondalke. I now refer the place of our meeting to your-
selves, where I will attend your pleasures, if it be safe for me
to do so.
18 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
138 CAREW MSS.
1596.
Jan. 19. 194. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
VoL 627, p. 213. " You still continue your former vain and fearful doubts."
Seeing you will not be otherwise persuaded, we wish you,
with all convenient speed, to set down in writing what dutiful
and reasonable offers you will make, as also what demands
you will require. If they be found acceptable, her Majesty's
pardon shall be granted you for your life, lands and goods,
" and the like to others whose submissions and offers shall be
found in like terms." Touching our conference with you, we
have delivered our pleasure to the bearer.
Dundalk, 19 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 19. 195. The EARL OF TYRONE, O'DONILL, and others.
Vol. 627, p. 2i3a. Their demands sent to the Commissioners by Philip Hore,
19th January 1595.*
Signed: Hugh Tyrone, Hugh O'Donill, Missi Maguiie,
Missi McMahon, H. O'Neill, Shane O'Neill.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 20. 196. The LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL) to the COMMISSIONERS
Vol. 627, p. 221. (WALLOP and GARDINER).
By your letters of the 16th it appears that O'DonnelTs
coming was looked for that night, but here we are informed
that he is still in Tireconnell. You may discover more from
the Earl alone than when O'Donnell shall be with him.
It will go hard with young Maguynes, from whom I have
received a letter on the death of his father, seeing the Earl
has appointed Glasnye McCawlie to be Maguynes, in order to
command the passage into the Newrie. You have done well
to recommend him to Francis Stafford for assistance, in regard
of his title by letters patent. I had been advertised of what
you write touching Philip O'Reley, and I fear it will prove
too true, as likewise the reported interception of the letters
sent to Captain Stafford from Captain CoDier. I will send
you another pursuivant.
Castle of Dublin, 20 January 1595. Received 24th
January.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 20. 197. The COMMISSIONERS (WALLOP and GARDINER) to the
VoL 627, p. 214. LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
We cannot as yet assure you what will be the effect of our
labours, but we send copies of the letters received from Tyrone
and our answers. Finding he would not come to Dondalke,
* These demands will be found at p. 133.
ELIZABETH. 139
1596.
we requested him and his associates to set down their demands
and offers. Our messenger had hard access to him, the ways
being guarded by his company. Their demands are insolent.
As nothing else could be done, we assented to meet Tyrone
and O'Donill at some open place in the fields by us named,
one mile without Dondalke, near to Sir John Bedlowe's house,
having in our company only the sheriff, Sir Henry Duke, and
Gerrot More, and they to have as many, all without weapons
except swords. About ten o'clock this present [morning] we
went forth, until we saw Tyrone and O'Donill with about 200
horse and foot coming towards us. We sent to them [word]
that this was not according to agreement. After many mes-
sages it was agreed " that on either part two should be sent
to search and view the ways, and what weapons either part
had, and that their troops should stand one quarter of a mile
distant from us, and we to have two horsemen betwixt their
said troops and ourselves, and Tyrone and O'Donnell to have
other two horsemen betwixt us and Dondalke." One of us
" parled " with the Earl, and the other with O'Donnell. We
thought it best at the first not to make known our articles,
but inquired what were the grounds of their demands, which
we found to be partly false and partly disloyal. They utterly
refuse to come to your Lordship. " In this treaty we con-
tinued this stormy and windy day about three .hours on horse-
back (because to light they refused), and in the end we found
them to continue very untoward/' O'Donnell was most
resolute. They offered, however, if we would stay a short
time, to return to their company and give us a decisive answer,
but we recommended them to take longer time of consideration
in so great a cause. We agreed to meet again tomorrow at
the same place. We also gave them some taste of our easiest
demands, as they would hardly digest the strongest until they
were better prepared. If they persevere in their undutiful
courses, it will be best to take advantage of their disloyalty,
and to insist on their greater condemnation. The cessation
ends with the end of this month. We let them understand
we had authority to prolong the same, " of which they seemed
not to take any great hold."
Dondalk, 20 January 1595
P.S. O'Donnell has sent some of his forces into Connaught,
and had not this " parle " been, would have gone there himself.
The names of the chief men now in the Earl's camp are
these : O'Donill, Maguire, McMahon, Cormock McBaron,
Sir John O'Doughertie, Philip O'Rely, Ever McCowley, Shane
McBrien, Henry Oge O'Neale, McBrien Fertaugh, Conn the
Earl's son, Tirlaughe McHenry, Arte McBaron.
The Earl told Philip Hore this morning that Sir John
O'Rely was joined with him.
Copy. Pp. 5.
140 CAREW MSS.
159G.
Jan. 20. 198. For HUGH EARL OF TYRONE and HUGH O'DoxxELL.
VoL 627, p. 816. Protection for themselves aud six other persons in coming
to the Commissioners and in returning.
Dondalke, 20 January 1 595.
Signed : H. Wallop, Ro. Gardener.
Copy. P.I.
Jan. 20. 199. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL).
Vol. 627, p. 216. We have signified our proceedings, but to whom of the
Council it shall please you to make the same known we leave
to your consideration. As yet we conceive no hope of an
honorable end. Their demands are all so insolent and dan-
gerous that no long quietness is to be expected.
Tyrone with great oaths affirms he never wrote other letters
into Spain than those of October, which were known ; but
what others have done he would not warrant. That practice
evidently still continues.
This place is in great want of victuals. Mr. Stafford affirms
that the Newrie is only victualled for this month.
Upon the sending away of this pursuivant we are destitute
of men to advertise daily. The wife and son of the late
McGuynnes would not deliver the castle of the Narrow Water
to Francis Stafford, but the wife delivered her younger son in
pledge for safe keeping the same. Stafford thinks it will be
delivered to the rebels, and then the Newrie will be lost, unless
the castle be razed.
" The bands of 60 at Carlingfoi-d and Newrie are now as
weak for threescores as they were before for hundreds, and
here they are not strong."
20 January 1595.
Copy. Pp.2.
Jan. 21. 200. The EARL OF TYRONE and O'DONNELL to the COMMIS-
Vol. 627, p. 217. SIGNERS.
As we concluded nothing yesterday touching our requests,
we make it known to you " that we and the rest do ground
ourselves upon the obtaining of those said requests." Therefore
we desire you to repair to Sir John Bedlowe's house, and from
thence to signify to us what you allow and what you dislike ;
" and we will be towards the place where we met yesterday."
We understand a company of soldiers has gone into co. Cavan.
Should this be so, we shall account the truce to be violated.
21 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 21. 201. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
VoL 627, p. 217. Your letter came open. We will be at Sir John Bedlowe's
within two hours. We cannot reply to your demands until
ELIZABETH. 141
1596.
we have speech with you. We will satisfy you then as to the
sending of soldiers to Cavan.
21 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 21. 202. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL).
Vol. 627, p. 2i7a. Since the pursuivant's departure we have received the
enclosed. They insist on their former demands. They account
the sending of our soldiers to the Cavan as a breach of the
peace. No doubt that is urged by Philip O'Rely, their chief
councillor. They have sent 200 of their shot to the Breny.
This town is weak and not provided with victuals. " Besides,
by reason of the fear in fetching of wood, the same is at 2s. Qd.
a garran load of green sticks." The wall has fallen down in
one place 50 foot. The townsmen are greatly affected to the
rebels.
21 January.
Copy. P.I.
Jan. 22. 203. PHILIP II., KING OF SPAIN, to the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 612, p. 65. I have been informed you are defending the Catholic cause
against the English. That this is acceptable to God is proved
by the signal victories which you have gained. I hope you
will continue to prosper ; and you need not doubt but I will
render you any assistance you may require. Gi ve credence
to Fussius, the bearer, and acquaint him with your affairs and
your wishes.
Madrid, 22 January 1596.*
Headed: "A letter sent to the Earl of Tyrone from the
King of Spain, delivered by Alonso Cobos ; which letter the
Earl sent to the Lord Deputy and Council, taking Captain
William Warren's promise, and his servant's oath who brought
it, that no copy should be taken of it."
Copy. Latin. P. 1.
Jan. 23. 204. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
VoL 627, p. 218. Our second meeting with the Earl took place on the 21st,
" with like number as the day before." He was more sus-
picious than before, and wished to treat by writing, which we
refused. As the evening was approaching we perceived his
troops were drawn nigher the place than we agreed upon ;
and then he sent to say he was ready to parle with us. We
sent word the day was too far past, but we would come to the
same place next day, when we met as before, and continued
with them on horseback about two hours. " During our
parley we found them as men exceeding fearful, continually
* " Siilo noro " is added in Carew's handwriting.
CAREW MSS.
1596.
gazing about, and their spies riding near unto us, and less
attentive unto our speeches than at the first."
We requested a convoy for the victualling of Ardmaghe,
but the Earl objected ; and we gathered from his speeches
that he intended we should never further deal with the Black-
water. He told Philip Hore he would have no peace so long
as any soldier remained in Armaghe.
" Upon speeches said the Earl, * Upon what ground was
I proclaimed a traitor, having then done nothing deserv-
ing that name ? ' Unto which we answered, ' You had before
the proclamation practised the winning of the Blackwater,
and also you were there present or near the place at the time
of winning thereof ' You cannot that prove,' said he. ' Yes,'
said we, * we can name you in secret such as are with you will
prove it.' Then said he with an oath, ' There is but only one
was privy thereof.' 'That is enough,' said we ; whereat he
stood much amazed. We also said, ' You also did fight
with our army going to victual Monaghan, and all before the
proclamation, and refused to come unto the State, being com-
manded upon your allegiance. And this we do not speak to
make you judge hereby her Majesty's mercy shall be ex-
tenuated, but to make you not to stand as one so clear as you
give out and now affirm.' Unto which he sware he never
intended the same until the Marshal sent him word he was
going to victual Monaghan, and that he would do in spite of
his teeth, and all the North. Unto which we answered allow-
ing the Marshal so said, yet such speeches from a subject
(especially in a course so lawful) had no colour of ground to
draw you to such an actual rebellion,' with many other
speeches.
" Then we said, ' What cause had you, O'Donnell, to enter
into rebellion, the rather her Majesty making accompt that
you and all your ancestors had been always loyal ? ' Unto
which he said he was unjustly long imprisoned. Also he
said Wyllis with great strength sought not only to invade
Fermanaghe, McGuyer's country, being his next neighbour,
which warned him the like would happen to himself, but also
came upon the borders of his own country. Also he feared
the great extortion of shryves and officers if his country
should be under laws, which he found true by experience of
other parts. Also the Earl said, ' Why was Philip Hore so
long imprisoned, and no cause charged upon him ?' Unto all
which we answered, ' Touching the imprisonment of you,
O'Donnell, and of O' Reive, if there were no cause to touch
you in disloyalty, yet all princes in policy may and do use
to take their subjects in pledge for the peace of their coun-
tries, and you both, being but subjects, do use the like, and
therefore should the less dislike of that course.'
" Then said the Earl, ' Why do you then take great sums
of money for their deliverance, as you have done of O'Reulie ? '
ELIZABETH. 143
1596.
We said, ' The Queen did freely set him at liberty.' ' That is
true,' said they, ' but others had it.' ' Neither,' said we, ' do
we know it true, nor believe it.' But they still said they
could prove it true, and inveighed greatly against such bribing,
as they termed it. And we said, as touching Willis his pro-
ceedings, or of the corruption of officers, it was without
warrant, and her Majesty's officers would many times be evil
like their own. And after many other speeches had thereof,
with persuasion that which was amiss should be amended, we
ended those parts.
" Then we entered into speeches touching their general
demands, which we have formerly sent unto your Lordship,
saying, ' We on Tuesday last willed you to make them more
reasonable, unto which you this last da) 7 sent us word you
could not draw them to alter them ; but since we hear not
again thereof from you.' Unto which the Earl said, ' I will
deal again with my associates to see if they will agree to any
change of them, and send you them tomorrow.'
" Then said we, because we would as well alter their manner
as their matter of these demands, 'The course you hold in setting
down your demands in that manner you have done can neither
be allowed or answered by us, because it is joint, and that you
would have all the rest depend upon the peace of you the Earl
only. And you the Earl,' we said, ' had in all your letters to
the State mentioned you, would deal but for Tyrone, and
O'Donnell for Tirconnell, and every of the rest to deal for
their own peace. Whereupon our commission, grounded upon
your own desires, authorizes us to deal upon your griefs,
demands, and offers, severally by every one of you to be
delivered ; and otherwise we could not deal. Neither could we
deal with you, O'Donnell, for Connaught causes, because they
were to make their own peace, agreeing with your, the Earl's,
letters. Neither yet touching the Breny causes, for the Breny
is, was, and ought to be under only her Majesty's immediate
obedience. And our commission could not take knowledge of
Philip O'Relye's being with you, nor of any title he had or
could make for himself by law or custom. And we marvelled*
in like manner why you meant in your articles to mention
anything touching McGennys' country, who had the same by
patent, and in his lifetime never complained of any grievances
to himself or country ; which country now was descended
upon his eldest son according his father's patent.' Unto
which O'Donnell answered, ' But there is now another claiming
the same by ancient custom of the country, who is with us.'
* If custom/ said we, ' should prevail, neither O'Relye in the
Breny, nor 3 T ourself have interest in Tireconnell, so as we per-
ceive you now do not stand upon your own customs.' Unto
which he answered not, but smiled.
* more tolled "in MS.
CAREW MSS.
J 596.
"And we said unto the Earl, 'What intend you to clain.
by patent or by custom, to the disherison of your children?'
Unto which the Earl mutteringly answered, ' That shall come
in question hereafter.' We gathered he would not fully
answer because O'Donnell was present, and although we
divided them the first day, as we have signified, yet now we
perceive they intend not to have speech but both being present,
and to assent unto no more than to what they all shall agree.
For we understand they have all combined that, if the Earl
fail by any mean, they will stand for Cormock, and if Cormock
fail, then for the next tawnist.
" They sent unto us Ovington to understand what moved
the Lord Deputy to send unto the Breny two bands of soldiers.
We answered we knew no interest any could claim in the
Breny but her Majesty ; also it was agreeing with the articles
of cessation that her Majesty should victual any her castles, of
which the castle of the Cavan was one, to which purpose they
were sent. But since we learn that Philip O'Rely came unto
the Earl of late with 50 horsemen and i-^O foot, but now they
are returned to the Breny, with which the Earl hath sent 200
shott. Also we understand that O'Roirk is this day looked
for to come to them. They al-so demanded what moved the
Lord Deputy to send forces into Connaught. We answered
as we did for the Breney.
" In the conclusion of our parley we required them, for the
reasons aforesaid, to set down dividedly all the causes of their
grievances, their demands and offers, and thereupon we would
answer them so reasonably as we hoped should be to their satis-
faction. According to which they assented, requiring us to
send Philip Hore to translate into English their demands,
which we have performed accordingly. And this present
morning they have sent unto us their demands for McMahon,
as they term him, and of every Me with their griefs, because,
as they say, there began the cause of their complaints, which
we send enclosed ; by which it appeareth her Majesty, besides
her interest with her royalties, shall yearly lose above 5QQL
ster., besides the Earl of Essex to lose the benefit of his lands
of Fernye. The rest of their demands in likelihood will
exportionably be of the same nature.
" Also we perceive by report of Philip Hore, who hath
by our sending had daily conference with them, that they
intend to have all temporalties and spiritualties in all the
parts of Ulster and other places before mentioned ; which
Hore we rather use for that he hath been interpreter betwixt
us and O'Donnell, and hath been acquainted with some of our
letters."
We will keep them together by means of delays until we
discover how far they will be drawn, and their further inten-
tions. We desire to know whether we shall cease to treat
with them after acquainting them with the easiest of her
ELIZABETH. 145
1596.
Majesty's demands. O'Donnell " carrieth great rule amongst
them," and Philip O'Relie is a great councillor.
23 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 7.
Jan. 23. 205. The LORD DEPUTY (KUSSELL) to the COMMISSIONED.
Vol. ear, p. 222. Your letters to me and the Council were delivered yester-
night. " I like very well of the course by you taken to
deliver rne some things apart from the rest, to be concealed or
imparted according to occasion." Their (the rebels') demands
are insolent and unreasonable, and "most unlikely of either
safe or honorable end ; yet have I imparted them unto the
Council here, all saving that for their liberty of religion,
which I do not think fit should be broached here, lest it soon
procure too great a party, being plausible generally to this
country men." Endeavour to conclude a prolongation of the
cessation, considering we are not provided for them. I am
soriy Captain Stafford had not the possession of Narrow
Water, for the rebel may get it. A pursuivant was despatched
to you this morning.
Castle of Dublin, 22 January 1595.
P.S. I have received your other letter of the 21st. I will
' send the victualler to you. Touching the Cavan you shall
receive answer by our joint letter.
23 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 23. 206. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 627, p. 222a. Your letter of the 20th was delivered by the pursuivant
Stanley, and read to us of the Council, together with Tyrone
and O'Donnell's demands. We approve of your proceedings.
We marvel at their insolent demands, and consider them con-
trary to the tenor of their submissions and their own volun-
tary offers. In a letter to Captain St. Leger the Earl " desired
that eveiy one upon their several submissions might have
peace particularly for themselves, and to depend upon her
Majesty." We hope they will moderate their demands, to
which we cannot hearken, all of them being directly contradic-
tory to her Majesty's instructions. When you have brought
the rebels as low as you can, refer their demands to her Ma-
jesty's further consideration.
You seem to have given them a taste of some of the most
easy demands on her Majesty's behalf. Considering the short
time of cessation, we leave this to your discretion. You know
how slenderly we stand furnished for ware and troubles.
Deal with them that the cessation " may be continued for two
months longer, or as much as you can, with some good
assurance for performance, such as you can get." We return
3. K
1 7
146 CAEEW MSS.
1596
to you this pursuivant. Bremingham was despatched to you
yesterday.
Dublin, 23 January 1595.
Signed : W. Russell, Ad. Dublin., cane., J. Norreis, Antho.
St. Leger, Geff. Fenton.
P.S. The two companies were sent into the Breney to
prevent incursions into the borders of the Pale, and to be
a stay to the good subjects there. This is not a breach of the
cessation.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Jan. 24. 207. The EARL OF TYRONE and O'DONNILL to the COMMIS-
Vol. 627, p. 224. SIGNERS.
As the truce has so nearly expired, we desire you to pro-
long it till Michaelmas <?r Hallowtide next, and that in the
meantime a final course may be taken for ending all past
disorders. " We pray you to send back for the soldiers that
went to the Breny, for avoiding of inconveniences," and to
take order that no forfeiture of bonds be taken against Philip
O'Relie or any of his surname. I the Earl desire that my
pledges may be sent back to me, and satisfaction made for all
the harms done to me during the truce.
24 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 24. 208. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 627, p. 224a. We have received your and O'Donells letter. We have
authority to prolong the cessation for two months or less,
which, when our commission was granted, was thought suffi-
cient for ending the causes in question, and concluding a
thorough peace. Within the next two months her Majesty's
pleasure will be known touching such of your and your
adherents' demands as the Lord Deputy has no authority to
grant, and touching the prolongation of the cessation till
Michaelmas, as you desire. We hoped to have' concluded peace
ere this, but your demands were not agreeable to the letters
and submissions sent in by you and O'Donnell, especially those
for liberty of conscience for all persons, for all spiritual lands,
for discharge of all new rents and duties, and for the posses-
sion of Sligo ; and some of you would pay no other rents or
duties than were paid to her Majesty's predecessors, and some
offer to pay no rent at all. We must first signify these
demands to her Majesty, which we will do with all speed ; but
we shall be most willing to deal with you in these matters at
our next meeting, and also to impart to you her Majesty's
demands and further pleasure.
The soldiers sent to the borders of the Breney were only
sent to victual her Majesty's castle and to ,lie upon the borders
for defence of the Pale, as was agreed upon in the articles of
ELIZABETH. 147
1596.
cessation. Touching O'Relie's bonds for his appearance, we
will make his desire known to the Lord Deputy. After the ces-
sation, your pledges shall be returned according to agreement.
Dundalk, 24 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Jan. 25. 209. The EAKL and O'DONNELL to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 627, p. 226. We have received your letter of the 24-th, and are contented
that the truce shall continue for a fortnight longer, in order
that in the meantime the Lord Deputy and Council may pro-
long it until the time mentioned in our last. " Send me word
tomorrow very early, that I may draw towards you where I
have been lately."
25 January 1595.
P.S. O'Donnell fears that in this short time he cannot well
give warning to the men of Connaught, but will do his best
" for stayment of them."
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 25. 210. The COMMISSIONERS to the EARL OF TYRONE.
VoL 627, p. 226a. W e perceive you are willing to have the cessation continued
for a fortnight longer, which we do not mislike, being willing
thereupon to have conference with you at our meeting
tomorrow morning, at the place where we formerly met. As
O'Rowrke and the Me William's messengers are now with
O'Donnell, we think by them he can give notice of our conclu-
sions with you to the men of Connaught.
Dundalk, 25 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 25. 211. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
VoL 627, p. 227. Since our last, late yesternight, the Earl by his secretary
Nott sent unto us, as we advised him to do, his own demands,
with O'Donnell, McGwyre, McMaughan, O'Rely, their several
demands and offers, with also the like for O'Rowrk in his
absence, all without subscription of names, terming them rough
drafts, requiring a speedy answer what thereof we liked or
disliked, for the said messenger told us O'Donnell would be
. gone ; all which their demands are not in substance any ways
varying from the former general, already sent unto your Lord-
ships."
" No doubt their device in demand of free liberty of con-
science for all men in the whole kingdom (for so they expound
their meaning by their agent) is to draw liking of their pro-
ceedings from all parts of the realm, which, besides the
dishonour to God, is most dangerous, and, being contrary to
laws, may not be granted. Most of the rest of their said
desires as appear,* as they are to the disheryson of the Crown,
Sic.
K 2
148 CAREW MSS.
1590.
and to increase their own government and greatness, so will it
increase their insolency to demand, with opinion to receive
whatsoever hereafter they shall require." Their demand to
have the cessation continued till Michaelmas argues they
expect foreign or domestic aid, and they will probably " take
advantage by not keeping of the articles to be agreed upon
for another cessation, as formerly they have done by the
former."
\Ve desire to know whether we are to impart all her Majesty's
articles to them or not. "The}-, having knowledge of all
her Majesty's articles, will insimiate unto their bad affected
countrymen by these terms or the like, in saying, ' See how we
are to be brought to servile bondage and poverty, with danger,
if we should have thereunto assented ;' and touch new or
maintain their old untrue affections by the example of the
late McMahoune or others the like. All desire abbey and
spiritual kinds and livings to be in their disposition, except
the Earl, who intends no doubt as the rest, for he said to
Philip Hore that the Primate* should have no part thereof."
We conceive no hope of their conformity, but we have sent
to them to have another conference tomorrow.
4 o'clock, 25 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Jan. 26. 212. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS
Vol. car, p. 249. (WALLOP and GARDINER).
We understand by your second letter of the 23rd your fur-
ther proceedings with Tyrone and O'Donnell. Their immo-
derate demands are contrary to their former submissions,
besides their several protestations made to Captain St. Leger,
Sir Henry Warren, and others authorized to deal with them
at the beginning. Upon their submissions being sent into
England, her Majesty pardoned them, and drew up certain
articles of conditions, which we wish you had imparted to them
at the first, before they had time to exhibit their demands. If
you have not done this already, we wish you would do it at once.
This course may incline them to her Majesty's conditions,
when they see they are derived out of their own submissions.
If they persevere in their demands, you must require time to
transmit them to her Majesty. This will be a good reason for
continuing the cessation two months longer or more, as we
advised you in our last letter, sent by Stanley the pursuivant.
For your own safety, if you cannot get the time enlarged,
" break off and return before the ending of it, which, as you
know, is the last of this month."
The writing delivered by Bryan McHugh Oge and Ewer
McColley, consisting partly upon grievances and complaints,
and partly upon protestations and demands, shall be trans-
mitted to her Majesty after they prefer their humble submis-
* I'cnry Usher, Archbishop of Armagh.
ELIZABETH. 149
1596.
sions as the rest have done. This also furnishes a reason for
the continuance of the cessation.
Dublin, 26 January 1595.
Signed ; W. Russell, Ad. Dublin., cane., John Norreis,
Ro. Napper, Antho. St. Leger, Geoffrey Fenton.
Received 28 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 26. 213. The EARL OF TYRONE and O'DONNELL.
Vol 612, p. 57. Articles between Sir Henry Wallopp, Treasurer at Wars,
and Sir Robert Gardner, Chief Justice, her Majesty's
Commissioners, and Hugh Earl of Tyrone and Hugh
O'Donnell, touching the cessation of arms concluded
upon between them the 26th of January 1595.
Similar to the articles dated 27 October 1595. The follow-
ing are added :
That they or any of them shall not draw or receive into
their countries or adherence the persons or goods of any of her
Majesty's subjects. [Note in the 'margin: "To this article
we do not yield, unless like measure be showed us, that none
in our adherence be drawn or received from us into her
Majesty's obedience. Hugh Tyrone, Hugh O'Donnell/'] That
the Earl's pledges shall be continued. That O'Donnell deliver
such pledges as the Lord Deputy shall allow of. [In the
margin : " O'Donnell saith he hath here no pledge to deliver,
and his country is so far off as the time will be expired before
he can send any/'] The cessation to be continued till the 1st
of April ; and further till the 1st of May, unless warning be
given to the contrary.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone, Hugh O'Donnell.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Vol. 617, p. 240. 2. Another copy.
Vol. 617, p. 271. 3. A third copy.
Vol. 627, p. 229. 4. A fourth copy.
Jan. 27. 214. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 627, p. 257a. \Ve received your letters yesternight by Brimingham. The
demand of the rebels for liberty of conscience for the whole
kingdom is " a matter which we have always doubted,
though they with great art and cunning have suppressed
it hitherto." We have no warrant to continue the cessation
till Michaelmas or Hallowtide next, and " you know that in
good service to her Majesty we have no reason to hearken
thereunto/' We wish you to draw them to assent to three
months' continuance of the cessation. If you cannot procure
so long a time, and you find your treaty will break off without
any good conclusion, do what you can to get the cessation
1 7 *
J50 CAREW MSS.
1596.
prolonged for a lesser time, for one month, 20 days, or 1 days,
if further may not be had. Communicate her Majesty's con-
ditions to them, for this " was the chief purpose of your em-
ployment thither, and not to receive demands and conditions
at their hands first." If this be not done, we know not how
we shall discharge ourselves to her Majesty.
Dublin, 27 January 1595.
Received 29 January.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 27. 215. The EABL OF TYRONE and O'DONNELL to the COMMIS-
Vol 627, p. 244a. SIGNERS.
" I, the Earl of Tyrone, do desire you to grant commission
to Ryse Ap Hughe and Mr. Morgan for causing restitution to
be made unto my men of the several preys and spoils taken
from them upon the cessation ; and I will appoint Arte O'Hagan
and Shane O'Donnylly to yield the same measure to any other
if they have cause of complaint since the truce ; which four I
pray you may meet a month hence at a place called Altcafraye
to end such matters as shall be brought unto them, and in the
meantime that restitution be made of all such parcels as cannot
be denied to have been taken from my men.
"And I, O'Donnill, desire that my petition maybe sent
unto me presently, to mitigate such points as are thought
unfit, for that my repair homewards requireth great haste.
And for that one article of the last cessation imported that her
Majesty might receive such as would willingly offer their
obedience to her within the time thereof, although the mean-
ing of that article did in like sort serve for us, yet now we
desire that the same may be now set down in special words,
for it shall not be lawful for any to go from us unless we
may have the same measure for men to come unto us. We
make not this motion as a new request, but to avoid scruple
in the article.
" So we commit you to God, this 27th of January 1595.
" Your loving friends, H. Tyrone, H. O'Donnell."
Copy. P. 1.
[Jan. 27.] 216. The EARL OF TYRONE'S PETITIONS.
Vol. 617, p. 273. A Note of sundry causes which have compelled the Earl
of Tyrone to this disloyalty, besides so much as by
sundry articles was set down unto her Majesty's Com-
missioners at Dundalk, the 14th day of March 1593[-4],
as also what hath been exhibited unto Sir Edward
Moore, Kt., touching the griefs of his Lp., and of the
sundry gentlemen of Ulster ; unto both which writings
he doth refer you."
(1.) Notwithstanding the Earl's services in bringing the
Irishry of Ulster to obedience, the government of the places
ELIZABETH. 151
1596.
brought to subjection by bis means was committed to such of
the Marshal's * faction as best served his turn for practising
mischief against the EarL
(2.) The Marshal, in June 1592 or in June 1593, accused
the Earl falsely of treason, and procured base men to prove
those accusations; the Marshal having by bribes and other
means " possessed Sir William FitzWilliam, then Lord
Deputy, to be his partaker in malicious confederacy against
the Earl."
(3.) Before he was proclaimed, he wrote several letters to
the now Lord Deputy and to Sir John Norris, Lord General,
" to desire such a mild course to be holden towards him as he
should not be driven to the uttermost degree of disloyalty ;"
which letters were intercepted by the Marshal, who imprisoned
the bearer, and afterwards enlarged him for 12. sterling,
delivered to himself or his man Phelim O'Hanlon.
And now the Earl, having exhibited his submission, " doth
protest that he never combined with foreigner or other against
her Highness, as in the accusations of treason was falsely laid
to his charge; neither did be receive word from any such, or
send unto them, before his first speeches with such as pleased
the said Lord General to send to confer with him towards
Armaghe." And he craves these petitions following :-
(1.) That her Majesty grant pardon to him and all the
inhabitants of Tyrone, and that they may be restored to
their blood ; " and [that] the benefit of her Majesty's letters
patents [may be] renewed unto him."
(2.) That all the inhabitants of Tyrone may have free liberty
of conscience.
(3.) That the Marshal pay him the 1,000?. sterling left to
his wife, lately deceased, by her father.
(4.) " That no garrison, sheriff, or other officers may be placed
in Tyrone for a time, because he cannot draw the inhabitants
thereof as yet to consent thereunto, in regard of the bad deal-
ing they have seen used by like officers against the bordering
neighbours."
(5.) That her Majesty restore to him the 50 horsemen he
formerly had in her pay.
(6.) That if any of the Earl's bordering neighbours do com-
mit any stealth or outrage against him or any of his, he may
have redress.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Vol. ear, p. 240. 2. Another copy.
Sir Henry Bagnall.
152 CAREW MSS.
1596.
[Jan.] 217. The COMMISSIONERS' ANSWERS to the EARL'S DEMANDS.
Vol. en, p. 275. (l.) Her Majesty will grant "this protection," if he yield to
reasonable articles, and upon his submission.
(2.) Her Majesty hath tolerated herein hitherto ; so in
likelihood she will continue the same.
(3.) " It is reason her Majesty give order for the payment
thereof, if it be proved due."
(4.) This is not reasonable. Her Majesty will continue her
garrison at Ardmagh because she is possessed thereof. She
ought again to enjoy the Blackwater, which was excepted in
his patent. As Monaghan was surprised during the last
cessation, it should be restored. A sheriff and officers should
be placed in Tyrone, " because it was so assented unto by the
Earl " in England, in 1590 ; " which we think her Majesty will
be pleased shall be of your own country people."
(5.) To be referred to her Majesty's consideration.
(6.) Very reasonable.
Copy. P.I.
VoL 627, p. 241. 2 Another copy.
Jan. 27. 218. HUGH O'DONNELL'S GRIEVANCES.
VoL 617, p. 277. (l.) It is well known that O'Donnell's predecessors were
always faithful subjects. His father overthrew Shane O'Neile
at Farsitmore, and killed and drowned 1,700 of his forces,
thus forcing him to fly for refuge to his enemies the Scots, by
whom he was betrayed, aud so lost his life.
(2.) In the rebellion of the late Earl of Desmond, Sir
Turlaghe Lenaghe, the late O'Neale, sought by bribery to
induce O'Donnell to join with him against her Majesty,
and take part with the Earl that he might not be banished,
which O'Donnell refused to do ; though the reward that
O'Donnell had for these and many other services was that
Sir John Perrott, in the time of his government, sent Captain
Boyne with 150 soldiers into Tireconnell, under colour to help
O'Donnell to set the country in good civility, to whom O'Don-
nell gave divers pledges, and four of the best towns for relief
of his forces ; but he not only took ransom for the pledges and
sent some of them to Dublin, but also surrendered the same
towns to a supposed base son of Callough O'Donnell's, named
Hugh, the son of the Dean of Galchoule, an utter enemy of
O'Donnell. By this indirect dealing Tyreconnell grew then in
uproar against O'Donnell, and was utterly wasted.
(3.) The said Lord Deputy (Perrot), desiring to suppress the
same O'Donnell, did countenance the said Dean O'Galchoule's
son against O'Donnell, and sent his letters of special favour
with him to her Majesty, from whom he obtained a yearly
pension. By O'Donnell's suppression Tyreonnell was to have
been brought into her hands. But this hard course against
ELIZABETH. 153
1596.
him was stopped by the death of the said Hugh, the
Dean's son.
(4.) When the said O'Donnell was ordered to send in his
second son as a pledge he would have performed the same,
but before he could be in his country [from Dublin ?] the Lord
Deputy sent one Skypper with a bark, who took the now
O'Donnell and brought him to Dublin, where he was com-
mitted to the Castle, from which he escaped ; but, " through
the vehemency of the weather and his travail at that time, he
was forced to cut off both his toes to the second joint, and at
his coming into Tireconnell he found all his followers dispersed,
the country ruinated, and then one Captain Willis beared such
sway in the country there as he kept the last O'Donnell
with him as a thrall or vassal, to be as it were a guide for him
in the country."
(5.) When the late Lord Deputy made a journey into Tire-
connell, he sent by John Bremingham, the pursuivant, for
Sir Owen O'Toole, who came to his Lordship upon his faithful
oath and word that he would not carry him from his own
house further than Donagall ; but the Deputy brought him to
Dublin, where he was kept prisoner six years, and, by reason
of his aged years and continuance in prison, he died soon after
his deliverance. Before the Deputy's departure out of Sir
Owen's town, his haggard was all burned, and the town
spoiled. Such was the reward that the old knight had for his
services to her Highness.
These and many like courses, together with the base prac-
tices daily used against his neighbours in Fermanagh and
Connaught, caused O'Donnell to fall into his disloyalty, fearing
his own turn would come to be banished.
11. O'DONNELL'S PETITIONS.
(1 .) He craves pardon for himself and followers.
(2.) For free liberty of conscience.
(3.) " That all the castles, manors, and lands in the country
of Sligo may be permitted in the hands of O'Donnells ; all
which lands he will give Donoghe McCale Oge O'Connor," upon
condition that he yield to O'Donnell such services, rights,
and duties as his ancestors have given out of the same to all
O'Donnell's predecessors.
(4.) That no garrisons, wards, or officers whatsoever be
placed in Tyreconnell or Siigo until the fear they have con-
ceived by the hard dealing of such officers shall be somewhat
lessened ; but that it will please her Majesty to .appoint com-
missioners for the ending of all controversies that shall arise,
whose orders we will put in execution.
(5.) He " desireth a remittal of alt arrearages past and a
year's freedom yet to come, in regard of the several groat sums
that his father paid as well to the Earl of Tyrone .and Sir
154
CAREW MSS.
1596.
Vol. 627, p. 248.
[Jan.] 219.
VoL 617, p. 281.
VoL 627, p. 244.
Edward Moore, Knt., as to others sent from the State ta
r<"*pive the same for her Majesty's use."
Dated January 1595.
Signed : Hugh O'Donnell.
Copy. Pp. 4.
2. Another copy, dated 27 January 1595.
The COMMISSIONERS' ANSWERS to HUGH O'DONNELL'S
DEMANDS.
(1.) The first her Majesty will grant if O'Donnell will yield
to reasonable articles, and upon his submission ; and it is likely
she will let him have the spiritual lands of Tyreconnell.
(2.) As her Majesty has hitherto tolerated therein, without
punishment of any, so in all likelihood she will continue the
same.
(3.) To be left to her consideration, the Commissioners hav-
ing no power to deal therein.
(4.) No garrison has ever been placed in Tyreconnell ;
neither will be, until the fear mentioned be overpast ; but in
Sligo of long time officers and ward have been placed. Com-
missioners for Tyreconnell will, as usual, be named indiffer-
ently, and O'Donnell may " except against them " upon just
cause.
(5.) To be referred to her Majesty, who we think will be
merciful.
Copy. P. 1.
2. Another copy. .
Jan. 28. 22O. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS
Vol. 627", p. 258a. (WALLOP and GARDINER).
We have received this day a special letter from her Majesty,
containing her resolute will and pleasure respecting those
traitors. Hold your course with them accordingly. If you
have already concluded a longer cessation with them, " we
see not but it must stand, for that it was an act done before
this contrary direction came from her Majesty."
Dublin, 28 January 1595.
Signed : W. Russell, Ad. Dublin., cane., Jo. Norreis, Robert
Napper, Geff. Fenton.
Received 29 January 1595.
Copy. P. ].
Jan. 28. 221. GRIEVANCES of SHANE McBRiAN.
Vol. 617, p. 282. (!.) Soon after the death of Sir Brian McPhelim, father to
the said Shane, the island Magie, adjoining to Carrickfergus,
being time out of mind of his proper inheritance, was taken
ELIZABETH. 155
1596.
from him by the Earl of Essex, and has ever since been kept
to his use, contrary to equity and justice.
(2.) Soon afterwards Sir Henry Bagnall took from him the
barony of Mawghrye Morne, and finding him on a time in the
Newrye, did there imprison him, and would not deliver him
" until he had passed unto him what assurance he would have
upon the said barony."
(3.) He sustained many other griefs by the hands of her
Majesty's officers at Carrickfergus, to the great losses of his
followers and goods and hazard of his own life.
ii. SUBMISSION and REQUESTS of SHANE MCBEIEN.
(1.) He craves pardon for himself, his country, and
followers, &c.
(2.) That all may have free liberty of conscience.
(3.) That no garrison be placed in his country.
(4.) He will yield her Majesty such rents and services as
his predecessors did.
(5.) A year's remittal of rent, in respect of the waste of his
country.
Dated 28 January 1595.
Signed: Shane O'Neile.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Vol. 627, p. 245. 2. Another copy.
Jan. 28. 222. MAGWIKE'S GKIEFS.
Vol. 617, p. 284. (1.) His predecessors have been of long time loyal subjects.
When Fermanagh came into his hands he began therein a
most dutiful course of obedience ; and when first he went [to
Dublin ?] after his placing in his father's room, the late Lord
Deputy and Council gave him special letters of favour, that
neither the Binghams nor his other bordering neighbours
should molest him, but assist him in his lawful causes. Yet
Sir Richard Bingham and the rest of his name in Connaught
came with forces and arms into his country, burned it, killed
divers men, women, and children, and took from him 3,000
cows, besides 500 garrans and mares, and certain women
prisoners, whom he was fain to ransom.
(2.) Magwire sent letters to the Lord Deputy and Council
to desire restitution, and they addressed letters to Sir Richard
Bingham and the rest for causing amends to be made ; but
the said Binghams came forthwith into Fermanagh at two
several times, and preyed Magwire of 6,000 cows, besides much
murder.
(3.) Captain Henshawe, seneschal of Monaghan, came several
times with his forces to places in Fermanagh, called Clankally
and Cowle, captured 3,000 cows, and killed men, women,
and children ; but Sir William Fitz William caused no redress
thereof
156 CAKEW MSS.
1596.
(4.) In the several sheriffships of Sir Henry Duke and Sir
Edwaixl Harbert in co. Cavan, they killed and preyed Ma-
gwire's tenants in the Knockclangorie, the Cowle, und other
places, to his and their damages of 3,OOOZ. ster.
(5.) Afterwards, the said Lord Deputy being in Monaghan,
Magwire obtained faithful oath and promise that he should
not be charged with sheriffs or other officers, in regard of his
coming to do obedience, for one whole year ; for which grant
he paid as a bribe to his Lordship and others 300 beoffs,
besides 150 beoffs to the Marshal (Sir Henry Bagnall) ; but
Captain Willis, having Captain Fuller's band and other com-
panies with him, was sent with commission to be sheriff
there, and preyed the country. They cut off the head of the
son of Edmond MacHugh McGwyre, and hurled it from place
to place as a football. These hard courses compelled him to
entertain forces to expulse the said Willis and his companies,
whereupon ensued the proclaiming of himself and his followers,
and their banishment out of the country.
ii. SUBMISSION of MAGWYRE.
(1.) He protests that his disloyalty proceeded not of any
conspiracy with any domestic or foreign enemy, or of malice
towards her Majesty, but through hard usages, yet he craves
pardon for himself and his country. He will yield the usual
rents and services.
(2.) He craves that himself and all the inhabitants of his
country may have free liberty of conscience.
(3.) That no garrison may be placed in Fermanagh, but
that for the government thereof the like course may be taken
as shall be for McMahon's country or other parts of the
Irishry.
Dated 28 January 1595.
Signed: Macgwire.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Vol. 627, p. 246. 2. Another copy.
Jan. 28. 223. GRIEVANCES of BRIAN McHuan OGE MCMAHOUNE and
Vol. 617, p. 288. EWER McCOLLO.
" First. The said Brian McHugh Oge saith that Hugh Roe
McMahowne, named McMahowne by Sir William FitzWiHiam,
and so confirmed and allowed to succeed by virtue of his
brother's letters patents, and coming in to the State upon the
word of a nobleman and the word of Henry More of Mellifont,
deceased, was afterwards most unjustly and treacherously
executed by the said Sir William at his own house of
Monaghan. Which allowance of succession, as this McMa-
howne doth imagine, was granted him, the said Hugh,
purposely to draw an interest unto him and his heirs,
contrary to the custom of the country, and then by his
ELIZABETH. 157
1590.
execution to draw the country into her Majesty's hands, as by
the sequel showeth. After whose execution a garrison was
placed in Monaghan, the name of McMahowne extinguished,
and the substance of the country divided by the said Sir
William FitzWilliam between Sir Henry Bagenall, Baron
Elliott, Mr. Solicitor (Wilbraham*), Captain Henshawe,
Captain Willis, the Parson O'Connolan, Hugh Strowbridge,
Thomas Asshe, Chr. Flemminge, and divers other strangers,
and so the native country people for the most part disinherited,
and some of those that had portions allotted them were
afterwards slain and murdered ; namely, Patrick McCollo Me
Bryen, coming upon safeconduct to the Parson off O'Connolan,
then a justice of the peace, and chief man in authority for
her Majesty in that country, was intercepted by an ambush
appointed by the said parson and Captain Willis, and there
slain.
"Item. The said McMahowne saith that the late Me
Mahowne was indicted for taking of a distress according to
the wonted custom of his country for certain duties belonging
unto him, having, by direction from the State, Captain Willies
and Captain Plunkett's companies in his company. Also a
grand jury of soldiers, very base and corrupt people, were
sworn and impanelled to indict him, and not gentlemen or
freeholders of the country. Also in the jury for his trial
there were four soldiers and nine gentlemen and kerne of the
country. Whiles they chaunted they were guarded with a
band of soldiers, who suffered the soldiers of the jury to
depart from them at their pleasure, and the nine of the coun-
try were so strictly kept as they were not permitted to take
any relief or part asunder during 24 hours, until they were
forced by threatenings and \ to condemn him. Also
Ewer McCollo saith that Rosse Connor came to him from the
Lord Deputy, willing him to persuade his son, being one of
the jury, to agree to the condemnation of McMahowne. and
that he should be pardoned for all offences.
" Also he saith that the said Hugh Roe McMahowne, for
obtaining Sir William FitzWilliam's consent, promised and
paid him 500 cows, the Lady his wife 1 00, and John FitzWil-
liam his son 100 ; and that also he paid to divers others in
reward, and for charges while he attended the State, to the
number of 800 cows.
" Also the said Ewer McCollo saith that, after the said
McMahowne was executed, the said Ewer was forced by the
Earl of Tyrone to pay about 200?. ster. to Captain St. Leger,
as agent for the Earl of Essex, who claimeth interest in
Famey, parcel of McMahowne 's country, from her Majesty ;
since which time the said Ewer went into England to procure
the Earl's favour and allowance that he might enjoy his
Added in the margin by Carew. f Sic. I Blank in IIS.
158 CAREW MSS.
1596.
country, in regard the Queen hath no interest therein ; which
the Earl refused to yield unto, but purposed to supplant the
said Ewer, and thereupon leased the same to John Talbott,
who not only expulsed the said Ewer out of the whole country,
but also spoiled him of all his corn and goods, to the value of
at least 1,000., and so turned him a begging, utterly refusing
to let him have so much as one village in the country, for
rent, upon which he might dwell
" Also the said Ewer McMahowne saith that he and his
country have endured and sustained many other injuries and
oppressions too tedious to be repeated, but are well known to
divers of the Council"
ii. PROTESTATIONS and DEMANDS of BRIAN McHuon
OGE McMAHOWNE and EWER McCoLLO.
(1.) They protest that their disloyalty proceeded through
their hard usages, and they crave pardon for themselves, their
people and goods, with all lands spiritual and temporal within
McMahon's country. They will yearly pay 100 good beoves,
or in lieu of every beofe 20s. sterling, and rising-out as
formerly.
(2.) In respect of the waste of the country by reason of
these wars, he craves one year's allowance without rent ; and
liberty of conscience for himself and the inhabitants of his
count ry.
(3.) They desire they may be no longer charged or governed
by seneschals, sheriffs, or garrisons, until their fear be lessened,
but that commissioners may be appointed for all controversies.
Dated 28 January 1595. Signed.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Vol. 627, p. 247a. 2. Another copy.
Jan. 29. 224. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
VoL 627, p. 259. By our last of the 25th, sent by Brernynghain the pursuivant,
we signified that we had agreed to have another conference
with the Earl and O'Donnell. Yesterday, as we were going to
:i further parley, we received yours of the 2Gth, in which you
wished we had at the first imparted her Majesty's articles to
them. We reserved her Majesty's articles until we might
compass a new cessation, fearing they would seem to them too
hard and not alterable, being sent from her Majesty ; but we
imparted all the easiest of them as of ourselves. We have
laboured, by conferences, letters, messengers, and other devices,
to draw them first to a cessation, " and thereupon to impart
her Majesty's demands and merciful disposition towards them,
by granting unto them free pardon." We h? ve obtained with
difficulty a cessation for two months certain, and further for a
third month, if it please your Lordship.
Perceiving O'Dounell would depart immediately after yes-
terday's conference, we devised certain articles and delivered
ELIZABETH. 159
1596.
them to him ; for in the articles from England little is said
touching O'Donnell. As he greatly disliked them, we advised
him " to set down by way of postile or cotation his liking or
disliking," as he might obtain some change of our demands
from the Queen.
As the cessation had been obtained and we could without
danger offer to the Earl such articles as came from her
Majesty, with some few additions of our own, we sent them to
him this morning, requiring him to signify how many he does
not assent to.
O'Donnell continues as arrogant and insolent as formerly.
The Earl uses " terms submiss," but still persists he cannot
conclude without the consent of the rest, according to his
oath. " The Earl yesternight did press us for his departure
this morning, by want, as he said, of provision ; but in the
end, at our earnest motion, he said he would stay until Friday,
if he might find meat so long to relieve his company." If
he depart, we shall return homeward.
Dondalk, 29 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Jan. 29. 225. The COMMISSIONERS to the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 627, p. 252. By our letter to you of this present, we have signified with
what difficulty we concluded a cessation for two months
certain, and for one month longer, if you think fit, under
" sparing conditions." We have received the demands of the
Earl and O'Donnell, not much altered from the former, except
that, instead of demanding liberty of conscience for all men,
they do so only for the inhabitants of their countries, meaning
that McMahowne, O'Rowrk, McGwyre, and the rebels in
Connaught shall demand the like. " We have postiled their
demands, to some with utter dislike, to others with some
likelyhood her Majesty will unto them assent." McMahowne,
Mag wire, and O'Rowrk have not yet sent in their demands,
but we fear they will not much vary from their former. We
have sent to the Earl such articles as were signified from
England, with some additions ; and to O'Donnell such
demands as we thought most convenient, for touching him
and his country little is noted in her Majesty's memorials.
O'Donnell said he would depart this morning.
We conceive they will dislike of most or all of our proposals,
"considering the arrogant insolency of O'Donnell and most of
the rest, except the Earl, who giveth mild speeches, but con-
cludeth he will do to the liking of the rest, for to that he saith
he hath sworn." Had we not considered our weakness and our
want of victuals and other necessaries, we would have broken
off our treaty rather than endured their insolency ; and most
likely her Majesty will dislike this prolonging of the cessation,
considering her great expenses, unless you mention these
reasons.
160 CAREW MSS.
1596.
" Because of our intention of return to begin on Saturday
next for causes in our other letters signified, we do now
spare to send unto your Lordship what more hath happened in
this time of remain here."
29 January, 8 o'clock a.m.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 29. 226. The EARL OF TYRONE and O'DoNNELL to the COMMIS-
Vol. 627, p. 257. SIGNERS.
" Forasmuch as we have now exhibited the causes of our
griefs in writing unto you, as also the causes of the most of
the rest in Ulster now in disloyalty, we have thought it very
necessary to let you understand (in regard of the oath passed
between us and the rest of our faction) that unless Feaughe
McHughe, McWilliam, Ran McWilliam, Brien Oge O'Rowrk,
the sept of O'Connor Don, and all others in Connaught in
action, as also O'Rely and all those of the Breny, may (for
their lives, lands, goods, and followers, in such sort as their
ancestors held or enjoyed the same) be received into her Ma-
jesty's most gracious pardon upon their several submissions,
we cannot or may not be tied, for the reasons before mentioned,
to perform anything that is now to be agreed upon, saving
only the cessation.'*
29 January 1595.
Addressed : To our very loving friends Sir Henry Wallop
and Sir Robert Gardener, knights, her Majesty's Commis-
sioners at Dondalke.
Copy. P. 1.
Vol. en, p. 303. 2. Abstract from the preceding.
Jan. 29. 227. The EARL OF TYRONE to the COMMISSIONERS.
Vol. 627, p. 257a. Praying them to grant respite to Richard Weston in the
performance of a bond into which he entered (at the Earl's
request) for the Prior McGirr, to whom Owen Woods Dean
[of Armagh], now attendant on the Earl of Essex, sold the
priory of Ardmaghe, as that living has been wasted by the
garrison now in the town.
29 January 1595.
Copy. P. 1.
Jan. 29. 228. SPOILS during the CESSATION of ARMS.
Vol. 627, p. 261. Commission from the Queen's Commissioners and the Earl
of Tyrone to Ryse ApHugh, Garrett Moore, and John Morgyn
(chosen by the Commissioners), Arte O'Hagan, Shane O'Don-
iiell, and William Robert (chosen by the Earl), to examine
what spoils and harms have been done on either part in and
about the Newry and borders thereof, and in all places
northward, since the first cessation of arms agreed on between
ELIZABETH. 161
1596.
the Lord General (N orris) and the Earl of Tyrone ; and to
see restitution indifferently made.
Dundalk, 29 January 1595.
Signed : H. Wallop, Ro. Gardener Hugh Tyrone.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Vol. 617, p. 303. 2. Another copy.
Jan. 28-30. 229. AKTICLES propounded by the COMMISSIONERS to HUGH
Vol. 627, p. 250a. O'DONNELL.
(1.) That upon obtaining pardon he shall disperse all his
forces, and return into their countries all Scottish men of war
and other strangers ; neither shall he hereafter entertain any
Scottish men of war without licence.
(2.) Tireconnell to be made shire ground, and to have a
sheriff and officers ; to which course the Earl of Tyrone
formerly assented for Tyrone.
(3.) Restitution of the value of the spoils made by him
and his followers, " so far forth as there hath not been
recovery had by such of her Majesty's good soldiers and
subjects as have been spoiled."
(4.) He shall acknowledge his grievous offence in destroying
the castle of Sligo, persuading her Majesty's subjects in Con-
naught to fall from their obedience, and in making roads and
journeys into that province.
(5.) He shall not assist O'Rowrke, Magvvyre, or others in
their disloyalties, or receive any disloyal persons.
(G.) He shall deliver to her Majesty's use all such munition
and artillery as he found in Sligo, Inneskillen, or elsewhere.
(7.) He shall re-edify the castle of Sligo and such other
castles as he defaced in Connaught.
(8.) He shall pay such rents and duties as his ancestors
covenanted to pay, and such further rents and reservations as
her Highness shall think reasonable.
(9.) " He shall upon oath confess and declare how far he, or
any by his advice, knowledge, or consent, have proceeded in
any request or action with any foreign prince or potentate,
and specially with the King of Spain ; and shall by like oath
and writing under his hand renounce all superiority and aid
of foreign powers, and chiefly the Spaniard."
(10.) That he permit Sir John O'Doughertye to enjoy his
country and lands, according to his letters patents.
(11.) That he cause a gaol to be built.
(12.) To deliver pledges.
Dated 28 January 1595.
ii. ANSWER of O'DONNELL to the ARTICLES of the
COMMISSIONERS.
(1.) He agrees.
(2.) " He standeth to the tenor of the article in his petition
now exhibited touching that cause."
3. L
CAREW MSS.
1596.
(3.) The damage which he has sustained by her Highness's
soldiers and subjects surmounts any harm done by him.
(4.) As he claims Sligo and the county thereof, the loss
redoundeth to himself. He was compelled to do what he did.
(5.) He agrees.
(6.) He was not at the spoiling of those places.
(7.) He is not able, and the loss of Sligo is his own.
(8.) " He will yield to give her Majesty whatsoever hath
been reserved unto her Highness upon Tireconnell before the
time of his father, who haply (through extremity) consented
to give more than he was able to perform, which is more
than this O'Donnell is acquainted withal."
(9.) When he receives his pardon he will renounce foreign
aid, and declare how far he has dealt in matters of that
nature.
(10.) " O'Doghertye hath no lands but what O'Donnell doth
give him in Tireconnell, neither had his predecessors any lands
there but such as they held of O'Donnell's ancestors."
(II.) When he receives a sheriff into Tireconnell he will
help to build a gaol.
(12.) He agrees, so as the pledges be reasonable.
Dated 30 January 1595. Signed.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Vol. 617, p. 291. 2. Another copy.
Jan. [28]-30. 230. AETICLES propounded by the COMMISSIONERS to HUGH
Vol. 627, P . 253. EARL OF TYRONE,
(1.) He shall wholly disperse his forces, relinquish aiding
Magwire, McMahowne, O'Rowrke, the rebels in Connaught,
or any other bordering rebels upon Tyrone, and discharge
all Scots and other strangers out of his entertainment.
(2.) He shall re-edify the fort and bridge at Blackwater,
and suffer her Majesty's garrison to live there in security.
(3.) Likewise her garrison at Ardmaghe.
(4.) As Monaghan has been surprised during this cessa-
tion, he shall restore the same, and suffer a garrison to be
placed there. He shall also permit the seneschal, sheriff, and
other officers to exercise their offices, and suffer such persons
only to inhabit the lands in co. Monaghan as are appointed
to be her Majesty's tenants. Neither shall he give comfort
or relief in this country to any of the McMahownes.
(5.) The Bishop, Dean, and Chapter of Ardmaghe to enjoy
all their livings and jurisdictions.
(G.) Restitution of the goods or value of all spoils made by
him or his followers.
(7.) The son of Shane O'Neale to be delivered up to
justice.
(8.) He shall not detain Sir Arthur O'Neyle, son to Sir
Tirelaughe Lenaghe, from his liberty, or from possession of
the lands of his father.
ELIZABETH. 163
1596.
(9.) He shall not intermeddle with any of the uriaghtes,
with any of the Clandeboyes, or the countries on the east
side of the Lough Eaghe, alias Lough Sidney, and the Bann,
but leave them to her Majesty's government.
(10.) The counties of Ardmagh and Tyrone to continue
two several counties, or to be made one, at her Majesty's
pleasure. Her Majesty yearly to make sheriffs of the same.
At his own and the country's charges he is to make gaols for
the keeping of prisoners, and he shall assist the justices and
other officers.
(11.) When her Majesty shall appoint a president and
council in Ulster, his tenants and followers shall yield contri-
butions, compositions, rents, and services for their main-
tenance.
(12.) The country called the Fues to be annexed to the
English Pale, as the Breny has been.
(13.) Whereas he has confessed his fault in taking upon
him, since the death of Turlagh Lenaghe, the title of O'Neyle,
he shall in writing " confess the same his act to have been
directly against an Act of Parliament making the same to
be very penal ;" and he shall take a corporal oath never to
make pretence to that title, and withstand any other making
pretence thereto.
(14.) He shall declare how far he has " proceeded in any
requests or actions with any foreign prince," and especially
with the King of Spain, and renounce all superiority and aid
of foreign powers, and chiefly of the Spaniards.
(15.) He shall perform the articles and conditions agreed
to by him in England in 1590.
(16.) He shall not receive any disloyal persons.
(17.) Considering her Majesty's charges, a tax or fine shall
be imposed upon him, his tenants, kinsfolk, and followers
within Tyrone, to support the garrisons at Ardmagh, Mona-
ghan, Blackwater, and the Newrie.
(18.) To procure his sons' and brethren's assent to these
articles ; and deliver such pledges of his kin and blood as the
Lord Deputy and Council shall name, to be redeemed every
three months.
The Commissioners advise your Lordship " to have your
eldest son brought up in England, and if hereafter you shall
dispose yourself to marriage, to marry in some noble house
there."
If your Lordship use any good course of conformity in
answering these articles, you shall receive her Majesty's
pardon for yourself and your neighbours ; for so we are
authorized to assure both you and O'Donneli.
Undated*
* The date -was probably 28th January ; see the preceding propositions to
O'Donneli.
L 2
164 CAREW MSS.
ii. ANSWER of HUGH EARL OF TYRONE to the ARTICLES
of the COMMISSIONERS.
(1.) After he and his adherents in Ulster, Connaught, and
Leinster shall be pardoned, he will perform the same.
(2.) Then he will be willing to yield so much towards the
re-edifying of the castle and bridge of Black water as indifferent
commissioners shall think convenient.
(3.) " He humbly craveth that no garrison be continued in
Ardmaghe, in respect that the indirect and false informations
heretofore issued from the garrisons of Blackwater and
Monaghan unto the Marshal (Sir Henry Bagnall) and others
against the Earl, hath bred the most occasion of these wars,
and that the country will not yield unto it."
(4.) " The same was not subscribed by his consent or
privity, neither was Patrick McArte Moyle then upon the
Earl's truce ;" and as for the rest of that article, if the Me
Mahownes assent thereto, he will not be against it.
(5.) He will do therein as the rest of his neighbours in
Ulster in the like cases will do.
(6.) It is impossible to value the hurts and spoils done.
(7.) He cannot deliver them.
(8.) " Sir Arthur O'Neyle shall hold his lands from him
as the rest of the gentlemen in Tyrone doth, and they will
not disagree between themselves."
(9.) " He agreeth not to intermeddle with the government
of the places in the article mentioned, saving that it may be
lawful for him and his to enjoy any lands or leases he or they
have in- any of those countries."
(10.) He agrees that Armagh and Tyrone shall be made
one county. As to a sheriff, he will not disagree to have one
of the country itself placed in that office. As for the building
of a gaol, he will be comforma-ble to the direction of the Lord
Deputy. He will assist such justices of assizes and other
officers as shall come thither.
(11.) He will not yield that any other shall be over him,
excepting her Majesty or her Deputy.
(1 2.) " The Fues is parcel of Tyrone and so found by office,
and is likewise comprehended in his patent."
(13.) He will renounce the name of O'Neyle by writing,
but desires not to be pressed with any oath.
(14.) He will perform the same, upon his pardon.
(15.) He will not yield to more of the articles agreed upon
by him in England than are comprehended in these articles, as
they were wrested from him by Sir John Perrott's means.
(16.) When pardoned he will perform the same.
(17.) He must obtain the consent of his followers and
kinsfolk.
(18.) He agrees, so as the pledges may be reasonable.
" He would, ere this, have delivered his son unto the Lord
Deputy, but his kinsfolk and friends would not permit the
same ; whose consents if he may hereafter procure, he will be
ELIZABETH. 165
1596.
most willing to have him well brought up in England. And
how he shall dispose of himself in marriage he knoweth not
at this present/'
Dated 30 January 1595. Signed.
Copy. Pp. 8.
Vol. 6 17, p. 293. 2. Another copy.
Jan. 30. 231. The COMMISSIONERS, WALLOP and GARDNER, to the
Vol. 627, p. 260. LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
According to the intention mentioned in our last, sent by
Stanley, we hare made known to the Earl and O'Donnell her
Majesty's articles, which we feared to do before. We advised
them to consider of the same, and return answer in writing,
with their demands and offers, which we said we trusted
would be more dutiful and reasonable than before ; which on
Wednesday last they performed. O'Donnell's demands did
not much vary from the former, and he refused to perform the
articles propounded on her Majesty's behalf. The next morn-
ing he departed homeward, with McMahowne, Ewer McCollo,
Sir John O'Doghertie, McGwyre, and the rest, except the
Earl, his brother Cormock, and their followers, who intend to
depart this evening ; Philip O'Realie having departed already.
McMahowne and McGwyre, upon going away, sent us their
demands with offers, in substance not differing from their
first. The Earl and O'Donnell also sent us a letter dated the
29th, "because, as we conjectured, they would not be mis-
taken in what they had done." (Here follows an extract
from it.)
We intend to-morrow to depart homeward. Most of the
Earl's adherents have already departed. We hear that O'Don-
nell has returned to Connaught, and that McMahowne has
gone into the Breny to establish Sir John captain and him-
self tawnist, which is likely to be true, as Philip demanded
the same before his departure ; so that there is little hope of
their conformity. Your pacquets of the 27th and 29th, sent
by Noland and Bremingham, we received yesterday, but we
had the day before signed the cessation, and many had
departed. We forbear now to acquaint them either with her
Majesty's letters or your Lordship's, "in fear of recalling our
cessation."
30 January 1595.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Jan. 30. 232. WARRANT by the LORD GENERAL, SIR JOHN NORRIS, to
Vol. 612, P . 56. the SHERIFF of Co. DUBLIN.
As divers persons have made forcible resistance against the
under-sheriff in the placing of horses, and not only refused the
receiving of them but turned them loose abroad, besides the
evil entreaty of the grooms and boys, I have thought good to
1 8 *
CAREW MSS.
1596.
send 50 soldiers with their leader, to assist him in executing
his commission, and to be placed by you where you think
fittest.
Dublin, 30 January 1595. Signed : Jo. Norris.
Copy. P.I.
March 9. 233. The QUEEN to SIR WILLIAM KUSSELL, Lord Deputy,
Vol. 612, P . 67. and the COUNCIL.
In your letters of the 9th of last month there is nothing
to our contentation. You signify that, upon the return of
the Commissioners sent to treat with Tyrone and O'Donnell,
you do find " the traitorous intent of the traitors to continue
in their rebellion and in their barbarous demands, though,
as yourselves confess, they did in the beginning stand simply
upon our mercy without condition, and made offers to give
largely for the redemption of their faults ; which if you had
at the beginning accepted, and not passed over the time tso
many months in fond device by learned counsel to form their
pardons, this that hath followed so contrary to their submission
had not now happened.''
You have sent Sir Robert Gardner, one of the Commis-
sioners, to inform us particularly of all the proceedings with the
said rebels, " yet you have at length in writing described
the particular disorders almost in every part of the realm,
an advertisement very uncomfortable from you, who hath had
the authority otherwise to govern the realm, than, for lack of
regard in times convenient, now to present unto us so broken
an estate of so great a part of our realm, as to have all
Ulster wholly, saving two or three places, and all Connaught,
saving as few places, wholly possessed with rebels, and like-
wise some of the counties next our English Pale in like
danger." You propose remedies which rest altogether upon
great preparations of forces and treasure, without offering
any reformation of the government there.
To obviate " the inconveniences likely to appear by the simple
and gross treaty of the Commissioners with the rebels/' we
have caused answers to be made to the presumptuous demands
of the rebels, such as shall be fit for rebels to receive ; " and
otherwise also we have yielded to such answers as are meet
for offenders to receive, acknowledging their offences and
suing for pardon." Instructions, signed by our Council, are
now sent thither, to be used by such commissioners as now
you shall axithorize to meet with the said rebels for a full
answering of their demands. John Norris is to be commis-
sioned with our secretary Fenton, to meet with the said
rebels before the cessation [terminate], and " to proceed with
them to some final end, either according to their submissions
to yield them pardons, with such conditions as are contained
in the said instructions, or if they shall refuse the reasonable
ELIZABETH. 167
1596.
offers therein contained, or seek former delays, to leave any
further treaty with them."
As we conceive that the misgovernment there of late
years has given cause and scope to these rebels to revolt
thus generally in divers parts, " we have caused a collection to
be made in writing of certain manifest errors and defaults
there committed of late years in that government, whereof
some are past all remedy, and some by better regard had may
be in time coming amended."
Under the Signet, Richmond, 9 March 159 5, 38 Eliz.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Vol. 617, p. 243. Another copy.
March 11. 234. TYRONE and O'DONELL.
Vol. 612, p. 68. Instructions for such of her Majesty's Council in Ireland a
shall be deputed by the Lord Deputy and Council
there to meet with the two rebels Tyrone and O'Donell.
At Richmond, the llth of March 1595.
Her Majesty has been largely informed by Chief Justice
Sir Robert Gardner of the submissions, complaints, petitions,
and answers of the rebels to the Commissioners' demands,
" whereof for some part she findeth so great cause of mislike as
she hath been offended with her Commissioners that would
receive or give ear to any such presumptuous and disloyal
petitions and answers." These articles following are now to
be proposed to the rebellious Earl, to O'Donell, McGwire,
McMahon, and Brian McShane.
i. ANSWERS to the rebellious EARL OF TYRONE.
Whereas he requires free liberty of conscience for all the
inhabitants of Tyrone, this request was disloyal, and thereof
at the time of his submission no word had been made. " He
may be sharply told that this hath been a later disloyal
compact made betwixt him and other the rebels without any
reasonable ground or cause to move them thereunto, especially
considering there hath been no proceeding against any of
them to move so unreasonable and disloyal a request as to
have liberty to break laws, which her Majesty will never
grant to any subject of any degree."
Whereas it is required to have no garrison, sheriff, or other
officer placed in Tyrone for a time, if he and the inhabitants
will hereafter live peaceably, then the placing of a garrison
may be forborne until her Majesty finds it profitable and
necessary to have a sheriff or some like officer.
As the Earl agrees that Armagh and Tyrone may be
made one county, one sheriff shall therefore be appointed for
both counties, " who shall be chosen to be one of the country,
if any such may be found sufficient for such an office."
168 CAREW MSS.
159.6.
The Earl and O'Donell have, by their letter at their depar-
ture, written to the Commissioners that, unless Feogh McHugh,
McWilliam, Ran McWilliam, O'Rrork, O'Conner Dun, and
others in Connaught in action, the O'Reilies, and those of the
Breny, may receive pardon upon their submission, they cannot
perform their articles and offers saving only for cessation. Her
Majesty will not be prescribed proudly where to bestow her
mercy, which she will never grant but upon their own penitent
petition, not allowing that one rebel to obtain pardon for
another. The Earl and O'Donell have greatly increased in
disloyalty, and drawn to them as many subjects as they could
induce to become disloyal. At the beginning of their rebel-
lion, and at the first making of their submissions, a great
number of those who are now offenders in Connaught were
quiet subjects ; and so were also, until a late time, O'Reily and
others in the Breiny. Feogh McHugh has obediently sub-
mitted, and craved pardon, which her Majesty will sooner
grant to him for his own sake than for any intercession of
the Earl or O'Donell.
" Where he agreetli that he will suffer the Bishop and
Dean of Armagh to enjoy their livings and jurisdictions, as
the rest of his neighbours in Ulster will do, she thinketh this
both uiidutifully and uncertainly answered ; for whatsoever his
neighbours will do or not do, there is no reason for him to
deny the said Bishop and church of Armagh that which
belongeth to them of right, and whereof the Queen's Majesty
only is the founder and patron, as belonging unseparably to
her Crown."
He says he cannot deliver Shane O'Neale's sons for many
respects. Had he expressed those respects she might have
allowed or disallowed of his answer ; but no good subject
should keep another as a prisoner.
The rest of his answers are not disallowed.
ii. The QUEEN'S ANSWERS to O'DONELL'S PETITIONS.
As his demand for liberty of conscience has been made
by compact between the Earl and him and others of the
rebels, her Majesty makes the same answer to him as is made
to the Earl.
His request that the castle and lands in Sligo may remain
in his hands, and be given hy him to Donnogh McCale Og
O'Conner, under such services as O'Connor's ancestors have
yielded to O'Donell's ancestors, is strange. It was taken out
of the Queen's possession by treason and shameful murder,
and he alleges a title thereto by a tenure whereof neither
O'Conner himself nor any man else has ever heard any re-
port ; " neither is [it] yet known whether this Hugh
O'Donnell have any right to be O'Donnell by his father's
sufferance during his life, the interest to be O'Donnell after
his father's life being due to another." But her Majesty will
ELIZABETH.
1596.
be pleased that O'Connor may receive the possession of the
house and lands, and, if there be any good proof made of
O'Donnell's claim to be lawful, O'Connor shall yield to
O'Donnell such services as are due.
Whereas he requires that no garrison or officer be placed in
Tireconnell or Jin Sligo for a time, but commissioners to be
appointed for all controversies there, she consents so far as
regards Tireconnell ; but with regard to Sligo, she will, as
she finds cause for the profit of the country, appoint or not
appoint officers.
Answers upon the Articles of the Commissioners. "Where
he will yield to her Majesty whatsoever hath been reserved
out of Tireconnell before his father's time, there is no just
cause why he should not 3'ield the like as his father hath
done,'' who was always a good subject. But if the duties re-
served by his father's grant were extorted above reason, they
shall be qualified. The rest of his answers to the Commis-
sioners' articles are allowable. If he will promise dutifully to
perform them, her Majesty will grant him pardon upon her
own mere grace, without respect of any mediator.
in. ANSWERS to MCGWIRE'S PETITIONS.
The request for liberty of conscience savours of a compact
with others. Her Majesty never means to grant that liberty
to any subject, though heretofore she has acted mercifully.
Whereas he requires to have no garrison nor officers placed
in his country, but to be governed as McMahon's country
shall be, she will take care for the good government of both
their countries.
Whereas he protests that his disloyalty was occasioned
by his hard usage, she never heard that he has been mis-
used. If complaint had been made to her, she would have
seen speedy redress. But as he acknowledges his fault, she
will grant him his pardon7 and cause his complaints to be
examined.
" Where he maketh request to have restitution of the lands
both spiritual and temporal in his country upon a rent, her
Majesty thinketh it strange that either lie or any other of the
offenders at this time should have a conceipt to demand
spiritual lands, wherein never any of his ancestors had
interest. And yet nevertheless the state of the spiritual lands
shall be considered, and such of them as shall be thought meet
to be granted to the inhabitants of the country, being obedient
subjects, they shall have the preferment thereof."
iv. ANSWERS to BRIAN MCMAHON'S PETITIONS.
" Where he protesteth that, by sundry hard usages, and by
the unjust execution of Hugh Roe McMahon, and the dis-
tribution of the substance of the country by Sir William Fitz-
Williams, Sir Henry Bagnall, and eight or nine more
170 CAREW MSS.
1596.
Englishmen, all strangers to the country, to the disherison
of the people of the country, he and the rest of the McMahones
have been occasioned to enter into this disloyalty, and yet
now do acknowledge their transgressions," for which he
seeks "pardon for himself, and the lands of his country
spiritual and temporal, for the which he offereth the yearly
rent of 100?. ;" her Majesty having never heard of any such
misupage, is moved the rather to grant him mercy.
As to the spiritual lands, it is strange that he or any other
of the offenders should require restitution of any other lands
than of lands temporal. " Yet such of the English as have
grants of such spiritual lands as are called Termond lands
shall be treated withal to surrender their patents, whereupon
the inhabitants of every barony may have the same Termond
lands distributed amongst them, upon reservations of the
former rents." Otherwise he shall have restitution of all
such lands as of right belong to him, at the usual rents. But
whereas he offers 100. a year, she understands not for how
much land, "for, upon the division of the whole lands in
Monahan about five years past, there was allotted unto him
and five others of his name lands rented at 500Z. and more,
besides a yearly rent 'unto the chief lord upon the freeholders'
lands, the sum of 446. ; so* as. out of one of the baronies granted
to him by the name of Brian Me Hugh Oge McMahon, he had
granted unto him and his heirs males of his body lands to the
yearly value of 1QSL, to be paid to her Majesty ; besides that
he had of the freeholders of that barony, being 88 in number,
the yearly rent of 1051." Her Majesty wishes that the parties
to whom the said baronies were allotted may still enjoy the
same.
v. ANSWER to BRIAN MCSHANE'S DEMANDS.
His request for liberty of conscience is devised by compact
with others. If he lives as a good subject, his country shall
not be troubled with a garrison or officers until it shall be
found profitable.
"And whereas in the answer to the Earl and others his
adherents a strict course is prescribed, yet rather than the
purpose of pacification should fail upon some of their private
demands, not being dishonorable nor much disprofitable unto
her Majesty, it shall be lawful to such as shall be employed in
this service to yield thereunto." Rather than the treaty should
break off, you shall give them their pardon, though they
refuse to come in personally to the State after its receipt ;
providing for their continuance as loyal subjects, and for the
dispersion of their forces.
Signed: Jo. Puckeringe, W. Burghley, Essex, H. Cobham,
T. Buckehurst, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescue.
Copy. Pp. 7.
Vol. ew, p. 245. 2. Another copy.
ELIZABETH. 171
1596.
March 12. 235. CASTLE of CLOGHAN O'MADDEN.
Vol. 612, p. 62. " The names of such chief men as were killed in the castle
of Cloghan O'Madden at the winning thereof," 12th of March
1595.*
Eleven names are given. Two gentlemen of O'Rorcke's
country (names not known) were also killed.
IT. " The names of the chief men killed in the conflict the
day before the winning of the castle."
The names of eight are given.
"The rest were shot, bowmen and^ kearne. The whole
number killed and drowned (besides those in the castle) were
seven score and upwards, besides some hurt, which escaped,
being unarmed, and fled away in great amazement."
Copy. P. 1.
March 20. 236. HENRY HOVENDEN to the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 612, p. 65a. " Upon receipt of a letter from O'Donnell importing some-
what touching the cause of this business unto your Lp., I
conferred with him. He told me that the case wherein you
and O'Donnell are is sufficiently known beyond seas, though
not by any means which yourselves sent. He told me also
that through cross fortune he was constrained to shift away
his letters, reserving only a bare copy of them in a broken
paper. Whereupon I said unto him, that albeit his speeches
might carry a great possibility of truth in that behalf, yet it
behoved him, coming to men of such calling as your Honour
and O'Donnell are of, to be of such calling himself and place of
credit as might bring with it cause of believing his errand ;
and therefore I demanded what he was, in which demand he
hath satisfied me, and so he will your Lp. He passeth in
his journey for a man of Galway, and so I pray you let him
be accompted there ; otherwise, in his return to the place from
whence he came, it may be he will be intercepted, as the rest
were that your Lp. despatched from thence. After you have
seen what is required of you and O'Donnell, you may determine
what course to handle. If England fear no foreign invasion
it is the likelier to go hard with you ; and also if your stay
depend on the assistance of those that you cannot convoy a
letter unto, the same yieldeth no show of present help unto
you. And if you agree to the articles which Henry Warren
moved to you, whereof I have sent you a copy, I do not see
how such a peace can stand with your good. Neither is the
lingering and delay of the State intended any way to serve
your turn. Therefore I wish your Lp. to procure a thorough
peace, or else to labour that help betimes, -which at length
* See Russell's Diary under that date.
172 CABEW MSS.
1596.
you must be driven to if the wars endure. If it please your
Lp., O'Donnell would meet you at Strabane, to perfect what
you will touching this cause. If old O'Cahan's son do solicit
your Lp. for the fine which Tierlogh O'Quine's sons have, you
may not assent to him, for that your fines here are my
gain so long as I am toiled with supplying your Lp's. room."
' 20 March 1596*
Copy. P. 1.
[March.] 237. The EAKL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 632, p. 141. The effect of her Majesty's pleasure directed to the Lord
General (Norris) and Sir Geoffrey Fenton, to be signi-
fied to the Earl of Tyrone, with the Earl's answers.
(1.) Her Majesty is highly offended with your petition for
liberty of conscience, and her pleasure is that you desist from
it. He agrees.
(2.) Touching garrisons, sheriffs, and other officers to be
placed in Tyrone, her Majesty will not be prescribed what to
do ; but if you and the inhabitants will live peaceably, she
will have no other garrisons there than shall be profitable
for the country. As for sheriffs, or any such officers, choice
shall be made of some of that countoy, if any be found fit.
She consents to the making of Tyrone and Ardmaghe one
county. The Earl may not gainsay her Majesty for placing
her garrison, but during its continuance he cannot conform
to the rest of the article.
(3.) "Touching a motion made by you and O'Donnell, in a
letter to the late Commissioners, after the closing up of the
treaty, concerning the receiving to favour of O'Keyley and
others that then had not made their particular submissions, her
Majesty misliketh that any of you shall presume to capitulate
or prescribe to whom or in what manner she is to bestow her
mercy," yet she will pardon so many of these offenders as
make their submissions, upon such conditions as she may think
meet. " He saith that 0\Reyley is [to'] put in his submission,
and to crave pardon and grace of her Majesty for himself
and country."
(4.) Your answer respecting the right and jurisdiction of
the Bishop and Dean of Ardmaghe was very undutiful and
uncertain. Her Majesty is resolved to maintain them in
their estates and jurisdictions. "He saith that, when it shall
be her Majesty's pleasure to remove her garrison, he will do
right to the Bishop and Church ; and in the meantime doth
not meddle ^oithal."
(5.) You have said you cannot deliver Shane O'Nelle's sons
for certain respects, and yet these respects are not expressed.
* " Stilo novo," according to Carevr.
ELIZABETH. 173
1596.
Her Majesty does not allow any subject to keep another as
prisoner. They are of his oivn country, and he craves licence
to keep them.
(6.) You shall forbear to give aid to those who transgress
against her Majesty. " He agreeth, after his pardon had"
(7.) You shall not meddle with any of her Majesty's
uriaghte, with the government of the Clandeboyes, or of the
countries on the east side of the Lough Eaw, alias Lough
Sydney, and the Ban, according to the articles agreed to by
you in England ; but }*ou and yours may enjoy any lease or
lands that you have in any of these countries. He agrees.
(8.) Ardinaghe and Tyrone shall be made one country, and
a sheriff appointed therein, of the country itself; and at your
and the country's charge you shall build a gaol at the Lord
Deputy's direction. You shall also assist the justices of assize
and other officers. He cannot answer this during the abode
of a garrison in Ardmaghe.
(9.) According to your own offer, you shall renounce the
name and title of O'Nelle. He agrees.
(10.) You shall declare how far you, or any by your advice
or consent, have proceeded in any action with any foreign
prince or potentate, especially with the King of Spain ; and
renounce all superiority and aid of foreign power, and chiefly
of the Spaniards. And after your pardon you shall make
your humble submission, confessing therein your disloyal
a,ctions. He will declare how far he hath dealt with any
foreigner, and will renounce their aid. He has in his sub-
mission already acknoivledged hi-s disloyalty.
(11.) You shall not receive into your country any disloyal
persons, but, upon notice being given you, send them to the
Governor. " He agreeth, save only that he will not apprehend
any spiritual man that cometh into the country for his
conscience' sake."
Dated by Careiv, " 1595 " (i.e., 1595-6).
Copy. Pp. 6.
April 9. The EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 607, p. 139. 238. " The Earl of Tyrone's Answer to the several Instructions
delivered to Captain William Warren, 9th of April
1596."
(1.) " To the first, he saith his only desire is to be received
into her Majesty's favour, and so to continue." He is ready
to perform any agreement made between him and the Lord
General (Sir John Norris).
(2.) To the second, that at the Lord General's last being at
Doudalke his only request was that a final end might be
made then, but the Lord General deferred it until 1st March,
174 CAREW MSS.
1596.
when he did not come.* He is falsely charged with not
having kept his fair promises. He is ready to accomplish
whatever has been agreed upon, " so as the like touch be kept
with him."
(3.) To the third, that he has received maintenance and
favour at her Majesty's hands, for which he is most bound
to her, and he is most sorrowful for his faults ; therefore he
desires her mercy rather than to be pursued with her forces,
which he is unable to resist.
(4.) To the fourth, that he cannot present himself before
her Commissioners at Dondalke until he has conferred with
his brothers and friends.
(5.) To the fifth, that whereas her Majesty has given power
to the Lord General and the rest to make a final end for his
good, this is his only desire ; " so as in the meantime promise
be performed unto him for the exchanging of his brother's
sons, and the first pledges restored to him."
(6.) To the sixth, as the Commissioners have appointed
2nd April to meet at Dondalke, he will be there. He desires
that all who have taken Ids part may upon their submissions
be received to mercy, according to the promise between him
and them.
Pp. 2. Endorsed.
Vol. 632, p. H4. 2. Copy of the same.
April 18. 239. EXTORTIONS of the SOLDIERS.
Vol. 612, p. 63. Orders to be observed in the English Pivle against the
abuses and extortions of the soldiers, made by Sir
William Russell, Lord Deputy, and the Council at the
Castle of Dublin, 18 April 1596.f
All soldiers shall, in their travel through the country,
march above 10 miles by the day, and not lie above one night
in one place, each taking of his host meat and drink, without
exacting money or committing any other extortion, upon pain
of death, but paying ready money or giving his captain 's
or officer's ticket after the rate of 5d. ster. per diem.
No two soldiers shall have above one boy attending upon
them, and a band of 100 foot shall have but six women for
laundresses, such as shall be married wives to some of the
said soldiers ; the said women and boys to be in no way
chargeable to the country or towns. Any women or boys
found above the said number to be committed to gaol by
the sheriff' justice, or high constable, till order be taken to
* Notr in tlie manjin [by Sir John JVrr/.] : " I could not at that time make
any full o uciusion with him, being expressly forbidden to do it by the Lord
Us'puty and < "oiim-i!."
t Nute : " To these orders Sir John Xorryes hath refused to put his hand."
ELIZABETH. 175
1596.
execute them by course of martial law. The captains, officers,
and soldiers shall assist in apprehending them, on pain of
being discharged and punished.
No band of foot or horse shall, upon pain of death, charge
the country with more than the just number allowed by her
Majesty in pay and entered in the cheque rolls; and no
soldier or officer shall exact or take money by the name and
under colour of dead pays, or shall take any more meat than
his supper and breakfast, and that without exacting any
kind of meat called " Capury encreasone " or " Capure ne
hairke." Any persons doing the contrary to be committed
to gaol and executed by martial law.
Every two soldiers shall have a boy allowed them, to be
found by the country, and pay after the rate of 5d. ster. " le
piece " for their diet per diem.
" The soldiers shall not at their will (as heretofore theyhave
done) be their own carvers in killing of the subjects' lambs,
hens, geese, and such like, or in demanding of wine and uqua
vitce to their meat, but shall take such competent meat and
drink as the country is able to afford, without beating or
abusing the poor people, or committing of other disorders in
taking money or distresses for the same."
Neither the soldiers nor their captains shall take up the
subjects' garrons for their carriage, or for the carriage of their
wives and laundresses, without special warrant from us, and
in such cases to pay for hire of the garrons according to her
Majesty's usual rates, upon the pain and peril aforesaid.
Soldiers shall not range up and down the country or depart
from their garrisons without special licence, which obtained,
they are to pay for anything they take in the country to the
owners' contentment.
Pain of imprisonment to such as shall not make complaint
of any extortion.
The soldiers in marching through the country shall be placed
by the niayor, sheriff, portreeve, sovereign, bailiff, collector, high
constable, or the gentleman adjoining, according to the ability
of the poor people ; and the captains and soldiers are not to
please themselves as heretofore, whereby many poor people
were utterly undone and driven to forsake their dwellings.
Pain of death for ravishing any woman against her will,
and for taking any moveable goods.
Sujned : Ad. Dublin., Cane., Tho. Midensis, Henry Waloppe,
Robert Gardner, Anthony St. Leger, George Bourchier, Robert
Dillon, Geoffrey Fenton.
Copy. Pp. 2.
April 20. 240. PROCLAMATION by the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 612, p. 62a. That upon sundry complaints to us exhibited, as likewise
to the Justices of Assize in their circuits, by the inhabitants
176 CAREW MSS.
1596.
of the English Pale and the countries adjoining, greatly
impoverished through the extortions of the soldiers, we have
agreed upon certain orders for the reformation of the said
abuses ; commanding all captains, lieutenants, ensigns, ser-
geants, and soldiers to observe the same.
Given at Dublin, 20 April 1596.
Copy. P. 1.
May 25. 241. The QUEEN to LORD DEPUTY RUSSELL and the COUNCIL.
VoL 612, p. 74. We command you (without faction or partiality amongst
you) to unite yourselves in council, and to provide for the
cure of the present diseases. Notwithstanding our infinite
charges for the prosecution of those rebels, no sound remedies
have followed, but still we see new erections of companies, new
devices of charges, loose musters, and slack and cross counsels.
In Ulster we do see, since the journey and discreet dealings
of our President of Munster and our Secretary.* a general sub-
mission of the rebels. Complete that work for our honour,
" with such conditions as we may find to be derived only from
public respect and not for particular end." Considering the
monstrous accusations brought against our ministers that have
lived amongst these people, we cannot turn our face from their
complaints. We have determined on a course of pacification,
and shall hold it a weakness in you (the Deputy) if you
require to be daily directed in all particulars, especially as
your advices are bare and barren.
To begin with Connaught, it troubles us to find such
slackness in the trial of the enormities complained of in
Bingham's government, for the people must needs think our
heart alienated from doing them justice; and you have not
given us thorough information. Select fit commissioners to
be sent to Connaught, and let it be known to them that
only their fleeing from justice to disorder, and not coming in
to make complaint to our ministers, was the cause of this
protraction. If Bingham appear guilty, he shall be removed,
but we must not condemn a governor unheard and without
good proof.
" For the particulars suggested in settling hard rates at
the composition, we doubt not but, if it shall well be
ordered, the people will continue the composition, for we
never heard that they repined thereat, but that besides their
rents for the composition they were burdened with cesses
both for victuals and soldiers, contrary to the true meaning
of the composition."
Though the composition of Connaught has been greater
than that of Munster or any other province, yet no direct
profit has been given to us, for the governor erected so many
* Sir John Norris and Geoffrey Fenton.
ELIZABETH. 177
1596.
bands of horse and foot that the whole revenue of the coin-
position is expended.
Diminish our intolerable charges by rebating some of our
forces, especially the newly -erected companies. When Gardner
was with us, he had conference with our Council of many
things respecting Connaught. Our President of Munster and
our Secretary " have gotten by their dealings with Tyrone and
O'Donnell further light what would be the state of their
demands ; so as we will have these two employed as fib
instruments in the same."
We have seen shrewd informations, taken before you our
Deputy, of underhand plottings by the ministers of Bingham
to disturb this intended course. To assure the people that we
will do them right, lie is to tarry at Dublin or remain at
Athlon e, from whence he may be called to Galleway before
such of you as shall be in commission. The commissioners
now appointed are to get information! of his practice?. We
hear also that many officers and captains under Bingham do
pick quarrels to disturb this beginning. They are not to be
left unpunished.
Use witli Norris and Fenton the service of Dillon our Chief
Justice, of our Justice in Connaught, and our Attorney, to
hear and examine all these things. The Earls of Clanrycard
and Thomonde, who have served us faithfully in this broken
time, are to be present, not as commissioners, but as witnesses,
to the people's comfort that they shall have equal measure in
the examination.
Tyrone and O'Donnell, with the rest, may receive their
pardon according to that which Norris and Fenton have ac-
corded to them, and are to be enjoined to come in to our State
there after their pardon.
" For the coming of the Spaniards we know not what to
say, because your bruits are so uncertain ; only this, we expect
to hear the particularities as well by your own intelligences as
from Tyrone and O'Donnell, who dutifully advertised our
President of Munster of their arrival, and their refusal to
accept them. We do also wish you our Deputy, to whom the
message was sent, to confer with Norris and Fenton about
the fine offered, wherein we know no cause why, by such an
evasion, he should save that ransom, being much too little a
redemption for his grievous disloyalties. Others likewise have
agreed to yield fines, which we would have you consider how
to draw from them towards the expiation of their offences."
As to O'Donnell's request for lessening the composition
which his father was rated at, he may be relieved in that rate
and the rent reduced. Such matters we leave to your dis-
cretions. Seldom or never you direct commissioners, but
waste time in sending hither to and fro needlessly.
" And for you our Treasurer, of all other, we see nothing
but great sums expended, and no good nor timely certificates
how they are issued, but in generalities, with accompts of
3. M
178 CAREW MSS.
1596.
idle and particular charges, wherein we find large allowances
made to yourselves by yourselves in all things. And for the
musters (of which let Ralph Lane be sharply warned) either
we have none, or such as we assure you it is ridiculous to the
world to hear what an army we pay, and yet what an army
we have."
Under our signet at our manor of Greenwich, 25 May 1596,
38 Eliz.
Copy. Pp. 5.
VoL 617, p. 253. 2. Another copy.
June 22. 242. EXPEDITION to CADIZ.
Vol. 612, p. 89. On the 3rd of June 1596 the Earl of Essex and the Admiral
sailed with 1 44 vessels from Plymouth. Lord Thomas Howard,
the Admiral, was in The Flaner de la Merr, Sir Walter
Raleigh in The Warspright, Sir Robert Southwell in The
Lyon, and Sir George Carewe in The Mary Rose, &c.
On the 19th they fell in with a bark of Waterford, and
learned there were about 60 great ships in Gales (Cadiz),
many of which were laden with merchandise for the Indies.
They arrived before Cales on Sunday [the 20th], and made an
attack on the Spanish fleet. Fifty-seven great ships were taken
or burned, and the port of Pontale was captured. An attack
was then made on the town by the Earl of Essex, the General,
assisted by the Lord Marshal, the Earl of Sussex, and Sir
George Carewe. The castle surrendered on the 22nd.
Copy. Pp. 4.
ii. " The names of those knighted on Monday the 22nd of
June 1596ythe day Cales was taken."
Copy. Pp. 5.
June 27. 243. HENRY HOVENDEN to the EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. 612, p. 76a. "All the delays that could possibly be used for prolonging
the causes here have not been omitted, and your own advice
to O'Donnell to have the variance between the Commissioners
and him to be made known to your Lp., and also to take hold
of Captain Warren's dealing touching the retaining of your
Lp/s pledges at Dublin, hath been likewise treated of by
O'Donnell; but all will not serve, for the Lord General
pretendeth to war because O'Donnell will not put in his
pledge, which you know he will not do. And as yet no harm
is done of any side to testify a new war, though my chiefest
opinion is, it will not be so immediately. And the Commis-
sioners find no reason to refer these causes to your hearing, in
that you have signified your mind unto them in writing in
this behalf, together with the copies of such letters as you
wrote to O'Donnell, Me William, and the rest, wherein in my
ELIZABETH. 179
3596.
opinion you used more haste than was convenient. I can say
no more to your Lp. by way of advice but what I have
already written to you, to be provided for the wars. You
shall know more as the causes here fall out"
27 June 1596.
Copy. P. 1.
July 6. 244. TYRONE'S REBELLION.
Tol. 612, p. so. " The translation of a letter in Irish, signed by the Earl of
Tyrone, O'Donnell, Brian O'Rourk, and Me William,
sent by the Clanshies into Munster to stir up rebellion
there."
" This writing doth manifest, in the behalf of O'Neile,
O'Donnell, and Me William, that they have given oath and
vow that whosoever of the Irishry, especially of the gentlemen
of Munster, or whosoever else, as if we did particularly name
them, from the highest to the lowest, shall assist Christ's Catholic
religion, and join in confederacy and make war with us, let
them, as our true messengers and agents, give firm credit to the
Clanshyes, and to this our warrant that we send with them, that
we will remain and be unto them a back or stay, warrant or
surety, for their so aiding of God's just cause ; and, by our said
oath and vow, never to conclude peace or war with the English
for ourselves or any of us during our life, but that the like shall
be concluded for you that shall so join in confederacy with us ;
and, if you should be driven to extremity, to relieve and
enable you as ourselves in the cause thus intended. And
again, give credit to these our trusty messengers that we send
you.
"At Strabane, the 6th of July 1596."
Signed : H. aJSfeile, H. O'Donnell, B. O'Rourke, Theobald
Bourke.
Copy. P. 1.
Vol. ei 7, p. 258. 2. Another copy.
July 10. 245. SIR ROBERT CECYLL to the LORD DEPUTY (RUSSELL).
VoL 612, p. 81. By divers packets you have represented the confused state
of that kingdom, and that her Majesty should provide for the
worst. " When it shall appear that this merciful course of hers
taketh no place," she will use other means. Connaught should
be well compounded, and so Ulster thereby more assured. It
is better to temporize than to be driven to the charge of new
armies, the victualling of which is very difficult. Otherwise
it were a paradox to believe that the army (being 6,000 or
7,000) should not have suppressed the rebellion. Her Majesty
attends the issue of this great army in Spain.
As for the cessation of arms, and treaties of peace, which
you note to be prejudicial, her Majesty adopted that course
M 2
180 CAREW MSS.
159C.
upon your own advertisements, that you could not suppress
the rebels. You and the Council represented that Ireland
might be settled by pacification. "I think it had been a
counsel well followed." You wrote that plain necessity, after
your forces were harassed in a journey into Ulster, moved you
to agree to a cessation. Had you written in mislike of the
cessation, and undertaken the ending of the war. with any
reasonable propositions, I assure you " that both her Majesty
and her Council were most greedy of that honorable course by
force to have reduced them ;" but she notes that you are only
advertisers, and not advisers. She requires you to restrain
this coming over of Irish servitors and suitors, whereby her
person and her Council are pestered, as they might be des-
patched by yourself in that kingdom.
"There is another matter wherein her Majesty is contented
your Lp. use your own wisdom ; not as seeming to have any
authority from her. One Captain Thomas Ley doth pretend
he could do much to cure these needless jealousies in the Earl
of Tyrone, which keep him from repairing to the State, and
that he would sue for leave to come into England ; a thing
which the Queen hath no reason to refuse, although it is not
fit that she should desire it.*
All this is in answer to your last packet of 29 June, witli
divers others. I have noted by a postscript in a letter of yours
to your noble sister, that you retain an opinion of my constant
poor goodwill towards you. " I shall never be found so gross
or injurious as in any kind to raise the reputation of any
other, whom you think I do also affect, to the least prejudice
of your Lp.'s reputation, or darkening of that superiority
which her Majesty hath given you without exception over
any subject or servant of hers in that kingdom." I refer you
to my Lord my father's writing concerning matters of money.
We are so far from advising any diminution of forces, " as order
is taken to send over that remain of horse of the Clergie
unsent over."
From the Court, 10 July 1596.
Received the 24th, by Marviliack.
Copy. Pp. 4.
July 19. 246. The EARL OF TYRONE.
Vol. en, p. 325. A Note of the several Clauses, collected [as well] out of our
Commission as out of the Instructions.
" To treat with McCartan. To treat with the Captain of
Kilwaine. To treat with the Captain of Kilultagh. To deal
with the several sorts of the woodmen. To all these the Earl
hath given us his word, upon his return out of Connaught, to
bring them before us, and to make their submission, putting
in their (?) pledges.
" To end a controversy between Neille McHughe and Shane
McBrene and Neille McBrene Fertaghe. The Earl saith that
ELIZABETH. 181
while they were under him, he took an end between them, but
sith that he and they are now Queen's subjects, he will bring
them before us upon his return, to take what end we may in
equity."
" To end the controversy between Art McBaron and Neille
McArt touching Neille his lands and goods. The Earl saith
he will receive Neille to possess both his lands and goods, so
as the Earls people may be restored to such goods as were
taken by Neille since the cessation.
" To end a cause between McQuelin and James McSauerly
touching the Rout. To write a letter to the Lord Deputy and
Council, whereby they may command James to appear before
us at our next coming down.
" To end a matter between Glassine Aghelie and McGennes.
The Earl hath promised to bring Glassine before us upon
his return, who otherwise will not come.
" To take order for Phelimye O'Hanlon, his lands, goods,
and followers. The Earl saith he shall have all his lands
and goods, so as redress be made of the spoils done by them
since the cessation ; and then his son to be enlarged ; and for
restitution tJie Earl will challenge the Lord General's word.
" To see restitution to be made to the Ulster rebels of all
spoils and preys done and made since the cessation, viz., the
9th of October 1595 ; and the rebels to give the like measure.
The Earl promiseth by his honour that all things done by his
people or followers shall be restored; or he to deliver the
parties or their pledges presently. And for the restitution
to be made unto his people, being ordered, he will stand only
to the Lord General's word.
" To receive pledges of the woodmen and others.
" (Signed) Louithe, Ed. More, Jo. Elyot."
Dated 19 July 1596.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Aug. 8. 247. The PRIVY COUNCIL in ENGLAND to the LORD DEPUTY
Vol. 612, p. 83. and COUNCIL of IRELAND.
You have received her Majesty's pleasure in what sort you
should proceed with Feagh McHugh, referring the conditions
to such memorials as should be brought over by Sir Henry
Harrington; but as he is not going over with sufficient
expedition, we send you a memorial of some things honorable
for the Queen and not over-hard for him (Feagh).
(1.) He is to be received to mercy together with his wife,
sons, and followers, and restored to his house and livings by
letters patent, yielding some service. (2.) He must promise to
banish all strangers. (3.) Any persons appertaining to him on
committing stealths or outrages shall be by him sent to abide
the trial of law. (4.) He shall answer at assizes and sessions,
(a.) He is to deliver a sufficient pledge, to be exchanged every
three months.
1 S *
182 CAREW MSS.
1596.
If he insist on his demand to be restored to Balinocore,
and will not be reduced without that, let him have it, and
hold it of the Queen, who is at great charges to keep it.
From the Court at Greenwich, 8 August 1596.
Signed : Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, W. Burghley, W. Cobham,
T. Buckehurst, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescue.
II. Postscript of a letter from the Council, dated 16 July.
Here is a solicitor of Feagh McHugh's, who desires to be
received into her Majesty's mercy. She is resolved to give
him his pardon. Upon Sir Henry Harrington's coming to you
give biTn pardon for his life and lands, as is used in such
cases, without further troubling her Majesty.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Vol. 617, p. 859. 2. Another copy.
Aug. 17. 248. FEAGH McHuon to the EARL OF TYRONE.
VoL 612, p. 84. I have received your letters, and do now crave your
advice. I am still bearing myself as I have done with such
as take my part in Leinster, but I am bidden oftentimes by
these Englishmen to do for myself, and not to trust to you.
If it be your will that we shall trouble them well, cause
O'Donell to send me out of Connaught a company of good
shot for the guard of my body. I shall observe and fulfil
whatsoever you require me.
From the Ranelagh, 17 August 1596.
Intercepted by Captain Lea.
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 3. 249. LORD DEPUTY RUSSELL to the EARL OF ORMOND.
Vol. 612, p. 85. Yesterday I received your two letters, the one to the
whole [Council] table, and the other to myself. As you have
been informed, Peirse Butler has been sent for, and so has
his brother James, both sons to Sir Edmond, but yet neither of
them comes ; James pretending that he has been long sick;
and Peirse feafing arrest, as he owes money to some about
Dublin. Both have bound themselves by oath with the
O'Moores to enter into action. As they are of your name
and near kindred, endeavour to bring them in to the State.
"I have written letters both to the Lord of Mountgarret
and Sir Peirse his father-in-law and Sir Edmond Butler,
his father, without delay or excuse to apprehend him and
deliver him at Kilkenny to your Lordship."
Killmainham, 3 September 1596.
Postscript. " Write a sharp letter to my Lord Mountgarrett,
that presently he send Peirse Butler to you. And for that the
matter may be kept the more secret, I have thought good to
send my letters both to my Lord and Sir Edmond Butler to
your Lp., desiring you to be very earnest with them both for
ELIZABETH. 183
1596.
to have Peirse and James delivered unto your Lp.'s hands ; for
this will be made a great matter in England by some that doth
not love you."
Copy. P. I.
Sept. 3. 250. LORD DEPUTY RUSSELL to LORD MOUNTGARRETT.
Vol. 612, p. 85a. "Where commandment both from ourself and the rest of
the Council Hath been of late given to Peirse Butler, your son-
in-law, for his present repair hither to confer with us about
special services for her Majesty, and yet that he hath refused,
or at least neglected to come to us ;" these are now straightly
to charge and command your Lordship, " to whom he hath
often access, and therefore you [can] conveniently do it,"
forthwith to apprehend him and deliver him to his uncle,
the Earl of Ormond.
Kilmaneham, 3 September 1596.
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 3. 251. LORD DEPUTY RUSSELL to SIR EDMOND BUTLER.
Vol. 612, p. 86. " Where by our letters from the Council table your son,
Peirse Butler, hath received a commandment to come unto us,
and yet he hath either obstinately refused or at least neglected
to do so, these are therefore to will and command you to
apprehend him and deliver him to his uncle, the Earl of
Ormond."
Kilmaneham, 3 September 1596.
Copy. P. 1,
Sept. 15. 252. SIR JOHN NORRIS, LORD PRESIDENT [of MUNSTER], to the
Vol. 612, p. 86a. LORD DEPUTY.
By our joint letter and by the report of Captain Warren
you will understand our proceedings, and into what terms we
have drawn these rebels. "As this matter hath happened
touching Ballenacor, whereby it is like that some stirs will
follow in these parts," such companies as you bad determined
to send hither should be now stayed, and likewise the risings-
out that are appointed. I have sent you with all expedi-
tion Sir John Dowdall's and Captain Marshall's companies,
because your pleasure is to have the said fort built up
again. If you require any more companies from hence, I will
send you such as shall be fittest for that service.
Athlone, 15 September 1596.
Postscript. I have received yours of the 12th. I cannot
give any advice for the prosecution Feagh McHughe, as I
know not upon what occasion he is grown to that extremity ;
but the people of his country will not be hasty to enter again
into rebellion for anything that may be done to him, though
many of their loose men may repair to him. I will hasten
down towards you Captain Hugh Mostian's company and
184 CAREW MSS.
1596.
Captain Garret's, having already despatched Captain Higliam ;
and if I can get such kerne as we have here to go thither,
I will send them. I would have sent some others of the
companies here, but that they would have left the greater part
of their numbers behind sick and weak, and that I think those
light men are fittest for that service. The horsemen are all ot
them returned to their accustomed garrisons, except my own
company, which is in Mollengar, and Captain Russell's at
Athenrye. As for the general hosting you may dispose of it
as you see fit, for here we shall have no need of it ; only I wish
there should be a reservation of some garrones to serve
monthly for her Majesty's carnage, if need should require.
The biscuit and beef provided for this place may be employed
where you think fit, and we will provide the companies here
with such as we can procure out of Munster.
Copy. Pp. 2.
[Oct.?] 253. PETITION of SIR WILLIAM RUSSELL, LORD DEPUTY, to
Vol. Gi2, P . 8-a. the PRIVY COUNCIL.
" That whereas, from time to time, for the space of a year
and more, he hath by his letters made known unto your Lord
ships the dangerous state of this distressed kingdom, committed
to his charge and government, as well through the great force,
strength, and means of the rebels themselves, as through
their continual practice to draw in foreign assistance, if the
same were not prevented by a timely and round prosecution ;
and yet, to his great grief and discomfort, could not in his devices
be credited, but others suffered and authorized to proceed in a
course of pacification which, in the opinion of the said Deputy
and the most part of the Council, his assistants, did tend directly
to her Majesty's disadvantage, and the gaining of time to the
said rebels, the better to bring to pass their purposes. Foras-
much, therefore, as it hath appeared by the report of divers
come lately out of Spain, that a fleet of Spanish ships, set out
to sea to have come thither, by this time had arrived here if
they had not been dispersed and -wrecked by tempest about
Cape Finister, as also that the remain of the said fleet and
army, to the number of 2,000, are said to have direction to
come on, and thought now to be at sea again ; when the Earl
of Tyrone, with all bis forces, save such as are left about
Armagh, to block up the fort there, are drawn up to the
borders of the Pale, where he daily preyeth and spoileth, with
purpose, as may be thought, to take all advantages by joining
with the said Spaniards, or otherwise ; it is most humbly
desired by the said Deputy, in discharge of his duty, for the
good of her Majesty's service and the safety of her realm of
Ireland, that your Lordships would be pleased to be a means
unto her Majesty to revoke him, and place some other better
countenanced and graced in Court, to the end, more credit
being given to his advices, he may be better supplied of means
ELIZABETH. 185
1596.
than he findeth himself to be to withstand so imminent
dangers."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Nov. 30. 254. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to the EARL OF
VOL 612, P . 100. TYRONE.
By advertisements sent to us from Mr. Stafford, and by a
letter of your own of the 12th inst. to Mr. Marshal (Bagnall),
we understand " that there is a restraint made of the relieving
of Armaghe, as also that some of that garrison going for wood
have been slain by your people." This dealing " being in no
sort agreeable with the acceptation of your pardon and duty
to her Majesty," we charge you to permit that garrison to be
victvialled and to fetch wood, according to your promise and
such covenants as you have agreed upon with the Lord Presi-
dent (Norris) and Sir Geoffrey Fenton. We intend to send
victuals thither by Mr. Stafford. If you fail herein we will
take order for the execution of your pledges, and proceed
against yourself by way of proclamation.
In your letter to Mr. Marshal, you allege that " promise
is broken with you by the Lord General," because Feagh
Mcllughe is prosecuted according his deserts. The Lord
President and Sir Geoffrey Fenton have assured us that Feagh
McHughe was never once named in their treaty with you ;
" which being true, as we have cause to believe it, remember-
ing your own articles agreed upon, viz., that you should stand
upon your own pardon without meddling with any other but
of Tyrone ; and in regard the said Feagh had surprised her
Majesty's fort before anything was attempted against him,
your Lordship hath no cause to be grieved."
Castle of Dublin, 30 November 1596.
Signed : W. Russell ; Ad. Dublin., Cane. ; Tho. Midensis ;
H. Wallop ; Ro. Gardner ; Anthony St. Leger ; Ro. Dillon ;
George Bowrchier.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Dec. 2. 255. The EARL OF TYRONE to FEAQH McHucK.
Vol. 612, p. loia. " I have formerly sent unto you touching all the proceeding.?
betwixt us and the Lord Norris in Connaught, and that we did
conclude a peace there for you as well as for ourselves, and did
withal signify unto you that her Majesty is now merciful
unto you in giving you pardon as well as the rest that entered
into the war in these parts, and how upon that condition we
had delivered in our pledges ; but the Lord Deputy permitted
not our men to pass therewith unto you. We are now to let
you understand that the condition whereupon the best of the
Irish have given their promise and oath, one to another, is
not to make peace until every one in particular that entered
into the war may have the like peace and their right and
186 CABEW MSS.
1596.
other meet things, or else whoso should not accept or take the
same, presuming of his own pride or presumption, that then
he should spend himself in his own quarrel. Therefore I wish
you to make peace as becoineth you, and to take your pardon,
and to cause the Butlers also to do the like, and aU other
persons that have joined themselves with you in war. And
herewith we have sent you our man ; and, if you be licensed,
send your man unto us about these causes, if you may get peace.
ft From Loghnaseak, 2 December 1596. Hugh Tirone."
Headed : " Translated out of Irish."
Copy. P. 1.
Dec. 4 256. The EARL OF TYRONE to the LORD DEPUTY and
Vol. 612, P . 101. COUNCIL.
" I received your Honours' letters, and as concerning the
restraint for victualling the garrison of Ardruagh, I confess it
to be true ; and the occasion thereof is, that promise was not
kept with us, and that I accomplished whatsoever I promised
since I received her Majesty's gracious pardon. And albeit
Feagh McHughe was not upon my peace, yet, notwithstanding,
he was promised his pardon as well as the rest, and yet alway
pursued by the Lord Deputy. And as for the pledges, they
should have been released half a year ago, and notwith-
standing kept in, contrary to our agreement ; the which, as
now we perceive it, was to no other purpose but only for their
execution, in which your Honours may use your discretion.
And as for my part, I did what I could in Connaught to bring
all things to a good end. And now, lately, your Honours
shall understand how Oyn McCollo was shamefully murdered
by some of the garrison of Kells ; and these and many other
injuries caused us to stand in doubt until better order be
taken, for I expected the Lord President's meeting these four
months for the ending of all matters between us ; and I doubt
not, if he were in health, but that all things should be ended ;
and when it shall please your Honours to take order in the
matter here, I am ready to attend."
Loghnaseak, 4 December 1596.
"Your Honours' very loving friend, Hugh Tirone."
Copy. P. 1.
Bee. 9. 257. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to the LORD PRESIDENT
Vol. 612, p. 99. (SlR JOHN NORRIS).
Your letter of 5 December was received yesterday, with the
copy of another from the Earl of Tyrone to yourself. " Where
you make mention of another letter received from Rice Ap
Hugh, wherein he thinketh that Ardmaghe is lost, and that
it is long since that you wrote unto the Marshal (Bagnall) and
to us about it, grounding thereupon an opinion, as it seemeth,
that if we had written but one good letter to the Earl it would
ELIZABETH. 187
have saved it, we know not what your Lordship may mean
by this clause." At no time since the Earl took his pardon
we have written to him in any unpleasing manner, but have
laboured to hold him in good terms. " But now that he bath
given so many apparent proofs of bis bad meaning to this
State, and namely the public restraint he made of all victuals
to be carried to Ardmagh ; his quarrelling with the convoy,
and cutting some of the soldiers that went with the victuals ;
his late attempt made to surprise the place, wherein were
slain 35 of the garrison, himself countenancing the matter in
person ; the violent incursions into the Pale lately made by
his kinsmen and followers with open force as far as the river
of Boyne, and on this side his son-in-law, Henry Oge McShane,
being there in person, and commanding the rest in his name ;
and, lastly, his late treacherous attempt to surprise her Ma-
jesty's castle of Carlingford, where, missing of his principal
purpose, there was carried away as prisoners, in lamentable
manner, two gentlewomen, daughters of Captain Henshaw,
the one married and the other a maid, he being, by appoint-
ment, to follow with his forces of purpose to surprise the
castle ;" these were sufficient reasons not to write to him in so
mild manner as you advise. Nevertheless, as you are better
acquainted with his humours, we leave you to deal with him
for the relief of Ardmagh, either by persuasion or by force.
You shall not want all the help of horse and foot that is in
the kingdom. The place is victualled yet for 30 days.
Dublin, 9 December 1596.
Signed : W. Russell ; Ad. Dublin., Cane. ; Tho. Midensis ;
Henry Wallop ; Ro. Gardner ; Anthony St. Leger ; Ro. Dyllon ;
George Bowrchier ; Geoffrey Fenton ; Ralph Lane.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Dec. 22. 258. LORD DEPUTY RUSSELL to the PROVOST MARSHAL.
Vol. 612, p. 84a. Warrant to execute Hoye and two other soldiers of Captain
Hugh Mostian's, who have not only committed great extor-
tion in co. Dublin, " but also sore wounded one of her Majesty's
subjects, who is like to miscarry through the same."
Dublin, 22 December 1596.
Copy. P. 1.
Dec. 29. 259. VICTUALLING of the ARMY.
Vol. 612, p. 86. A particular note (set down by the Lord Deputy and
Council) of such proportion of victuals as is delivered
to a soldier for the victualling of himself by the day,
as such time as he is victualled out of her Majesty's
store."
" The said soldier is victualled for seven days in the week,
being four flesh days and three fish days, and hath given him,
viz.,"
Flesh day. Loaf bread, 1 Ib. Beer, one pottle. Beef,
188 CAREW MSS.
159G.
salt, 2 Ib. ; or, instead thereof beef, fresh, 2 Ib. ; the beef
being without legs and necks.
Fish day. Loaf bread, 1 Ib. Beer, one pottle. Butter,
^ Ib. ; or, instead thereof, cheese, 1 Ib. ; or, instead thereof,
herrings, 8 per diem.
Mem. That the horseman, in regard of his boy, is allowed
half as much more as the footman.
This is the ordinary allowance that her Majesty makes to
the soldiers, and they are not to exceed this rate.
Signed : Geff. Fenton ; Rob. Newcomen.
Copy. P. 1.
The ENGLISH PALE.
Vol. 800, p. 143. 260. " A Perambulation of Leinster, Heath, and Louth, of which
consist the English Pale. And first of the county
of Dublin :" *
The barony of Cowlock. The Loixl Howth, at Howth;
Nicholas Hollywood, at Tartayne ; William Warren, at Drom-
courath ; Robert Barnewall, of Donbro ; George Taylor, at
Swordes ; John Bath, at Balgriffin ; Chr. FitzSimone, at
Grange ; Chr. Plunket, at Dunsaghly ; Thomas Hacket, at
Button ; Gerrot Plunket, at Grange ; John Talbot, at Mala-
hyde ; George King, at Clantarff ; Chr. Russell, at Seaton ;
Richard Russell, at Dryneham ; John Caddie, at Mooreton ;
George Caddie, at Caddleston ; George Blackney, of Ryken-
hore ; Richard Fagan, merchant, at Feltrym.
The barony of Balroddry. Sir Patrick Barnewall, at Turvy ;
John Barnewall, at Brymoore; Chr. Cruce, at the Naall;
John Finglas, at Wespelston ; Richard Nettervyle, at Cor-
ballies j Nicholas Fitz William, at Homepatrike ; Peter Tra-
verse, at Ballykey ; Patrick Bellewe, at Weston ; Thomas
Belling, of Bellingston ; James Stanyhurst, of Corduff ; Philip
Couran, of Wyarston ; William Goran, of Curragh ; Nicholas
Bigg, of Borarston ; William Sedgrave, of the same ; Patrick
Finglas, of Tobberton ; Janico Golding, of Tobbirsowle.
The barony of Castleknock. Thomas Luttrell, of Luttrels-
towne ; Henry Burnell, of Castleknock ; John Cardif, of
Dunsinke; Bartholomew Dillon, of Keppoke; Patrick Fitz-
Gerot, of Damaston ; James Dillon, of Huntstowne ; Walter
Sedgrave, of the W , merchant ; John Beling, of Kil-
coskan.
The barony of Neivcastle. Sir William Sarsfeeld, at Lucan ;
Marcus Barnewall, of Dromnagh ; Gilbert Talbot, of Belgarde ;
* Dated by Carew in the margin " 1596."
ELIZABETH. 189
1596.
Nathaniel Smith, of Dean-Rath ; Patrick Browne, of Kissak,
merchant ; Stephen FitzWilliam, of Jobston ; Martiii Scur-
lock, of Rathcredant ; Robert Pypho, of Hollywood.
The barony of Rathdowne. The Archbishop of Dublin, at
two miles from Dublin ; the ward FitzWilliam, at
Meriogne ; Garret Aylmer, at Munkton ; John \Val.she, at
Shanganagh ; William Goodman, it Laghnanstowne ; James
Wolveston, at Stalorgan ; Tibbot Walsshe, at Killegarge ;
Peter Talbot, of Faghsaghere ; Robert Talbot, at Tymolog ;
John Walshe, at Ballawlie; Peter Walshe, of Kilgobban;
Ashpoole, of Kenleston.
The distances of the above-mentioned places from the city
of Dublin, and the boundaries of the county, are specified.
ii. Co. W T ICKLOW.
" The Birns' and Tooles' country with the Glins, that lie by
south and by east the county of Dublin, was by commission
bounded out into a shire, to be named and called the county
of Wicklowe, and was divided into baronies as followeth ;" sc.,
Nuecastell-Maghenegan, Inishboghim, Ballinicor, Talbot's
Town, Holywood, and Castlekevin.
The boundaries of the county, and of the six baronies into
which it is divided, are described at length.
ill. "A COMMISSION, bearing date 21 February 1578, was
directed to the persons underwritten."
William Gerrard, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, Hugh Bishop
of Meath, Peter Lord of Trimleston, the Baron of Donboyne,
Hugh Baron of Dungannon, Sir Edward Fyton, Treasurer,
Sir Nicholas Bagnall, Marshal, Sir Lucas Dillon, Chief Baron,
Mr. Garvy, Dean of Christ Church, Sir Thomas FitzWilliam,
Sir Theobald Butler, Sir Cormock McTeig, Sir John Bellewe,
Sir Hugh Magnisse, Robert Dillon, Thomas Dillon, Richard
Shee, Nicholas Walshe, John Miagh, Edmund Butler, William
Apsley, Francis Cosby, Harry Davells, Thomas Masterson,
Patrick Goghe, alderman, Robert Harpoole, Robert Pypho, and
William Hill.
" The same commission was returned, and subscribed with
the hand of Sir William Drury, then Lord Justice, and
making his journey that Avay.
" Sir Edward Fyton, Sir Lucas Dillon, Robert Pypho, Henry
Davells, Thomas Masterson, commissioners.
" George Dormer, Bartholomew Russell, Aristotle Scurlock,
Patrick Furlong, Richard Synot, consenters.
" This county or country hath, by west it, the county of
Catherlagh ; north-west, Kildare ; flat north, Dublin ; east,
the main sea ; and south, the county of Wexfoj d."
190 CAREW MSS.
1596.
iv. Co. WEXFORD.
Description of the county.
Arclo, the Earl of Ormond's manor and castle.
That part of the county north of the river Slane is
possessed chiefly by the Irish called the Cavenaghes. " It hath
on that north side also many English inhabitants ;" sc., Synot
of Clelande, Roth of Roth, Synot of Ballynerah in the
Murros (?), Masterson at Femes Castle (where also the Bishop's
see is), Peppard at Glascarrig.
The Irish on that side the Slane are these : Donell Mortagh,
Edmund O'Morowe of the O'Morowes' country, and others,
" ever bad neighbours and rebellious people, under the govern-
ment of William Synot, by lease from her Majesty."
" Other Irish nations are by east them to the sea. The
countries are called the Kinshelaghes, Kilconelin, Kilhobock,
Farinhamon, inhabited by Art McDermot, McDa More, Mc-
Vadock, Darby McMorish, all under the government of
Mr. Masterson."
On the south-west of the Slane are four English baronies,
called Fort, Barge, Shelberre, and Shelmalen, and an Irish
barony called the Duffree. The principal men in the English
are Browne of Malrancon (?), Devoureux of Balmagir, Chevers
of Ballyhale, Forlong of Horton, FitzHarryes of Kilkevan,
[the] Bishop of Femes, Sir Thomas Colclough of Tyntern, Sir
Dudley Losthowse of Kilclogan. In the Durffey dwell Sir
Harry Wallop at Iniscorth, Piers Butler, the Viscount Mount-
garret.
The boundaries of the county, and the distances of the above-
mentioned places from the tou'n of Wexford, are specified.
v. Co. KILKENNY.
In the town of Kilkenny the Earl of Ormond has a castle,
" wherein he maketh his chief abode."
Mr. Den, at Grenan ; Walshe, at Castle Hely ; Mr. Justice
Walshe, at Glomemore ; Sweeteman, at Castlelyf ; Lovell, at
Ballymaka; Garret Comerford, at Inchiolegan ; Baron of Burn-
churche, Shortall, at Ballylorcan ; " Ballyn, six miles north ;"
the Upper Court, Sir Richard Shee's house ; Lord Mountgarret,
at Beallagaret; Archdeacon, at Bawnemore ; Mr. Peers Butler,
at the Old Abbey ; Richard Butler, now sheriff, at Polliston ;
" Blanchevelston, four miles east ;" Shortall, at Clagh ; Cantwell,
at Cantwelston ; Purcell, at Ballyfoyle.
Distances from Kilkenny and boundaries specified.
vi. Co. CARLO, alias CATHEULAGH.
" The Earl of Ormonde's chief manor there is Ravelly, and
his territories reach along Clonmore and Fortanolan to Arclo."
ELIZABETH. 1Q1
1596.
Sir Edmund Butler, at Cloghgrenan. Warham St. Leger,
at Laghlin fort ; it is the Queen's. " The barony of Idrone,
the ancient inheritance of Sir George Carewe, and by him sold
to Dudley Bagnall, St. Leger hath, as guardian to Dudley's
son." William Wall. Garret McMurtagh Cavenagh. Morgan
McBryan Cavenagh, at Poble Tymolin.
Boundaries and distances specified.
VII. CO. KlLDARE.
The Earl of Kildare, at Maynowth, at Kilka, and at
Rathangan ; FitzGerald, at Lackagh ; Sir William Sarsfield,
at Tully ; FitzGerald, at Castle Iskin ; Captain Lea, at Castle
Reban ; Wesley, at the Norragh ; FitzGerald, at Ballysonan ;
Ewstace, at Castlemartin ; Sir Harry Harrington, at Golmoors-
ton ; FitzGerald, at Allon ; John Alie, at Rathbryde ;
Ewstace, at Newlande ; Ewstace, at Mallocashe ; Beling, at
Killussy; Herbert, at Collanstowne; Co wley, at Carbry Castle ;
FitzGerald, at Dunuocks ; FitzGerald, at Osberston ; Flates-
bury, at Johnston ; Sutton, at Tipper ; Ewstace, at Cradocks-
towne ; Brimingham, at Dunfert ; Aylmer, at Clancurry ;
Aylmer, at Downada; Wogan, at Rathcoffy ; Ewstace, at
Clangloswoodd ; Sarsfield, at Turning ; Sir Harry Warren,
at Castleton ; Whyte, at Leyxlip ; Allen, at St. Wolstan's ;
Aylmer, at Lyon ; Aylmer, at Hart well ; Allen's son and
heir, at Kylheede ; Cheevers, at Rathmoore ; Eustace, at
Coffy.
Boundaries and distances specified.
VIIL The QUEEN'S COUNTY, alias LEYX.
Cosby (?), at Stradbally ; Pigotts, at Dysart ; Whitney, at
Shyan ; Hugh Boy Clandonell, at Tenekilleh ; Tirence
O'Dempsy, at Bally brittas ; Harpoole, at Coolbaneghar ;
Earl of Kildare, at Moyrit ; Cosby, at Castle Dirrhy ; Sir
Thomas Colclough, at Ballyknockan ; Edward Brierton, at
Laghtiog ; John Barri[n]gton, at the Cowlniagh ; Loftus, at
Tymoghoe ; the Earl of Kildare, at Tymog ; Hethrington, at
Tully ; Bowen, at Bally- Adames ; Edmund McDonell, at
Rhahin ; Piers Hov[elndon, at Tanckardes-Towne.
The baronies are but small. They are Maryborough, Strad-
bally, Bally-Adams, Slemargh, Cullynagh, and Origan,
O'Doyn's country.
Of Catherlagh Castle Harpoole is constable.
Distances from Mariburgh, boundaries, extent, &c.,
specified.
ix. The KING'S COUNTY, alia* OFFALY.
Sir George Colley, at Edindeiie; Francis Herbert, at
Monaster-Orys ; Nicholas Sanky ; Redmund Og FitzGerald,
192 CAREW MSS.
1596
at Clownebolche ; Barnaby Connor, at Dirrimollin ; Tyrence
Dempsy, at Clonegawny ; William FitzGerald, at Geishell ;
Conell O'Moloy, at Ralyhen: John Macoghlan, of Coghlan;
Hubbarfc Fox, at Lehinche; Sir Edward Herbert, at Dor-
rown ; Sir John Tirrell, at Blacklowne ; Sir Thomas Moore,
at Croghan ; Sir Henry Warren, at Ballybrittan ; Thomas
Wakeley, at Ballyburley; Garrett FitzGerald, at Corbets-
towne; John Raynalds, at Cloyduff.
Distances from Philipstoume and boundaries specified.
x. Co. WESTMEATH.
Barony of Fertullogh. Inhabited by the Tirells, of whom
Sir John Tirrell is chief. His house is called the Pace.
Nuecastle is held partly by Richard Nugent, and partly by
William Tirrell FitzMorice.
Barony of Ferbilly. Rath wire, the chief town, is the Earl
of Kildare's. " The Darcies be possessioners there."
Barony of Delvin. Delvin, the chief town, is possessed by
the Lord of Delvin. His chief house is called Clonin. Other
towns are : Dromkry, Teghmon, and Ballinemonoe. A great
sept of the Nugents inhabit that barony.
The half barony of Fo^vre. Chief town, Fowre. It is
inhabited by the Nugents, and the chief gentleman is the
owner or heir of Corolanston.
Barony of Corkry. Multifernan, the chief town, is inhabited
for the most part by the Nugents, of whom the best is Richard
Nugent of Denewear.
Barony of Moyassell. Possessed by the Nugents and Tutes
" of which the principal is Chr. Nugent, at Dardeston, and
Edward Tute, late slain in Connaught, at Killenan."
Barony of Maghery Dernan. Inhabited by the Petits,
Tutes, and some of the Nugents. The chief of the Petitts,
called Thomas, at Irishetowne. " Tutestowne, the best Tute's ;
and Welchetowne, Edward Nugent's."
Barony of Moygoise. Chief inhabitants, Tute, of the
Sunnagh ; Piers, of Triscornagh ; Richard Nangle, of Bally-
corky ; and James FitzGeralde, of the Laragh.
Barony of Moycassell. Inhabited by the Magoghegans.
Bryan, at Donewer ; Hugh, now sheriff, at Castletowne ; Art,
at Balliconin ; Con, at Syonan ; the heir of Thomas, at Larath,
and the heirs of Rosse Magoghegan, who hold Kiluber,
Moycassell, Lysrnoyne, Knockcosger, and the abbey of
Kilbeggan.
Barony of Rathcoured, called tJte Daltons' country. Chief
town, Bally more ; Lough Swedy, Francis Shane's ; at Dondonell,
ELIZABETH. 193
1596.
Henry Dalton ; at Milton, the heirs of Richard Dalton ; at
Mollinmighan, Edmund Dalton ; at Bisshopstowne, Peter
Nangle ; at Killare, Francis Shane.
Barony of Clonlonnan, called O'Molayhlin's country. Chief
towns, Clonlonnan, Newcastle, and Kilgarvan, possessed by the
O'Molaghlins. Calry, held by Magawle. " The chief is Balli-
loghlow." The Karne, held by William McGawle. Brawne-
Oburny is annexed to Athloan.
Barony of Kilkenny, called Maghry-Cork, or Dillon's
country. Kilkenny-the- West, possessed by James Dillon, son
and heir to the late Sir Lucas Dillon, Chief Baron. The
inhabitants for the most part are Dillons. Captain Tibbot
Dillon dwelleth at Killenfaghney.
Boundaries of the county specified.
xi. Co. MEATH. ,
Barony of Dunboyne. Sir Geoffrey Fenton, of Dunboyne ;
Patrick Phippes, of Roan ; John Delahoyde, of Bellander ;
Eichard Bremigham, of Pace ; Simon Rowe, of Waringstone ;
Richard Sale, of Salestowne ; Alexander Barnwall, of Luston ;
Christopher Hollywoode, of Herbertstowne.
Ratoivthe. Sir Patrick Barnewell, of Crickston ; Baron Sed-
grave, of Killeglan ; Barnewall, of Kilbrue ; Thomas Plun-
kett, of Loughgoure; Fitz Williams, of Dunamore; Richard
Ball, of Feydorffe ; John Birford, of Killrowe ; James Lee,
of Clonresse ; Patrick Lee, of Licianstown ; John Sparke, of
Rathtowth ; Gellouse, of Gelloustowne ; Richard Fowleing,
of Parsonstowne ; Delahoyde, of Donshaghlin, " and many
freeholders ;" Richard Reade, of Rowstowne ; Thomas Russell,
of Cookestowne.
Scrine. Baron of Killeene ; Sir Robert Dillon ; William
Nugent, Baron of Skrine ; Patrick Tankarde, of Castletowne ;
Patrick Brimigham, of Corballies ; Richard Caddell, of
Dowstowne ; Richard Dillon, of Skrine ; Edward Penteny, of
the Cabbragh ; Nicholas Cusake, of Ballimolchan; Walter
Porter, of Kingstowne ; Robert Cusake, of Gerradstowne ;
John Barnewall, of Mouncktone ; Nicholas Dracot, of Oder ;
George Harvy, of Skrine; Walter Evers, of Tarraghe;
Richard Cusake, of Lesmollen ; John Barn well, of Cookestowne ;
John Draycott, of ; Michael Barnwall, of Branestone ;
John Plunkett, of Clenardran ; Robert Pentenie, of Jordans-
towne ; Ellen Plunkett, of Kilkarne.
Duleeke. Lord of Gormanstowne ; Lord of Trimletstowne ;
Justice Bath, of Athcarne ; Richard Caddell, of the Nail ;
Robert Caddell, of Herberstowne ; John Dracott, of Nor-
manton ; George Darcy, of Flatten ; Robert Preston, of
Rogerstowne ; Talbot, of Dardistowne ; Richard Bellame,
of Donakernie ; Richard Stanley, of ; Edward Tallon,
2 N
194 CABEW MSS.
1596.
** of the same ;" Richard Aylemer, of Dollardston ; Robert
Delaffeeld, of Painstone ; Lawrence Tafe, of Ardmolchan ;
John drivers, of Mastostone; Christopher Bathe, of
Rathfeigh ; James Dillon, of Ballgeeth ; John Cusake, of
Cusingstone ; Walter Gowlding, of Pierstone ; Patrick Moore,
of Duleeke ; Richard Plunckett, of the Boles ; Thomas Kent, of
Dainstone ; Thomas Hamling, of Smythstone ; Patrick White,
of Flemington ; the Corporation of Dowleeke ; Sir John Belle we,
of Bellewestowne ; Sir Edward Moore ; Birt, of Tullock.
Slane. Baron of Slane ; Newterville, of Dowthe ; John Bath,
of Cashiell; Patrick Barnewall, of Gernonstone ; Patrick
Fleming, of the same ; Barnwall, of Rowthstowne ; Garrett
Fleming, of Loghbracan ; Ivers, of Bingerstowne ; Stookes, of
Michellstone ; Pierse Fleming, of Killarie ; Richard Fleming,
of Rath-Reynolds ; the Lord of Lowth, of the Carricke ;
Walter Barnewall, of Calcestone ; Robert Barnwall, of Star-
alan ; Robert Mey, of Slane ; George Fitz Jones, of the same ;
Edward Fleming, of Lobenstone ; John Protfort, of Protfort-
stone. ,
Margailen. Wilh'am Fleming, of Stephenstone ; John
Newtervile, of Castleton ; William Veldon, of Raffin ; Patrick
White, of Clongell; Patrick Beg, of Fleshillstone ; William
Garvey, of Knightstone ; Tallon, of Willkenstone ; Richard
Plunkett, of the same; Thomas Darcy, of Donmove; Thomas
Plunket, of Possickstone ; John Darcie, of Rathoode ; John
Waffer, of Kilboy ; Henry Rooe, of the same ; Thomas Veldon,
of Rathcon ; Edmund , of the Corballies ; James FitzJohn,
of Plainstone ; James FitzGarrett, of Drakestone.
Novan. Bishop of Meath ; Baron of the No van ; James
Dillon, of Moymett ; Robert Rochfort, of Kilbrid ; Alexander
Evers, of Rathtaine ; Richard Belle we, of Bellewestowne; John
Wafer, of Gainston ; James Warren, of Philpotstowne ; James
Hill, of Allenstone ; John Ewstace, of Leskartan ; Richard
Misset, of the same ; George Cusake, of Rathallrone ; Chr.
Netterville, of Black Castle ; Stephen Blacknie, for Cowlneall-
ven ; Waren, of Churchstowne ; William FitzGarrett, of On-
gestone ; Patrick Manning, of Hatton ; Robert Fleming, of
Rathkennye ; Thomas Teling, of Mullagha ; Thomas Bath, of
Ladin-Rath ; Thomas Ashe, of Trim ; Robert Hamon, of the
same; James Cusake, of Tullegharde ; Jasper Staples, of Hol-
lanstone ; Chr. Birt of Curghtone ; Darcie, of Balreske ; Sir John
Dillon, of Doramestowne ; Melcher Moore, of Escherowean ;
Thomas Luttrell, of Tankardstone.
Kelle-s. Barnewall, of Robertstone ; Betaghe, of Moynealty ;
Henry Mape, of Mape-Rath ; William Betaghe, of Walterston ;
Drake, of Drakerath ; William Balf, of Ardloman ; Plunket, of
Ardmath; Plunket, of Tath-Rath; Prountford, of Mountstowne;
Thomas FitzJohnes, of Franstone ; Henry Garvey, of Ross-
ELIZABETH.
1596.
myne ; Sir Patrick Barnwall, for Killineighnara and Mitch-
moore ; Alexander Plunket, of Gibston ; James Erwarde, of
Randallstone ; Gerrett Plunket, of Prestone ; Garrett Plunket,
of Ireshton ; Edward Plunket, of Ball-Rath ; Forde, of Forde-
stone; Nicholas Gillagh, of Gillstone; Thomas Plunket, of
Thistlekeran ; Plunket, of Ballnegin; Balf, of Ballnegin;
Plunket, of Robinstone ; Plunket, of Bolton ; Ledgwitch of
Cookestone.
Dece. James Hussey, of Galtrim; Walter Hussey, of
Moylehussey ; Robert Hussey, of Ballrodan ; Hussey, of Much-
ardroms ; Martin Hussey, of Cullmollen ; Hussey, of Cullen-
dragh ; Boys, of the Gallgath ; George Garland, of Agher; Patrick
Barnwall, of Arrolstone ; James Fleming, of Derpatrick; Allen
and Wiell, of Knockmarke ; Henry Waringe, of Waringston ;
Richard Delahoyde, of Moyglare; Baron Eliot, of Balreske;
Thomas Widder, of Lumaraghstone ; John Cusake, ofTro-
neblie; Richard Crumpe, of Marshallstone; John Gilsten, of
Collmollen ; Richard Talbot, of Achar ; Barnewall, of Killines-
san and Athronan, "cum multis' aliis ;" Henry Usher, Lord
Primate [Archbp. of Armagh], of Balstowne ; Robert Barne-
wall, of Athshe; Walter Golding, of Ballendell.
Moyfenragh. Richard Barnewell, of Newcastle; Garrat
Westie (Wesley ?), of the Dengin ; Patrick Lince, of the Knocke ;
Henry Dillon, of Little Frefan ; Thomas Lynam, of Adams-
towne ; Richard Misset, of Bedlowestowne ; Edward Kindellane,
of Ballnekill ; Peter Lynam, of Frefans ; William McEvoy, of
Balleneskeagh ; Edmund Keeting, of Possickstowne ; Chr.
Leins, of Crobey ; Edmund Darcy, of Clondaly ; Richard
Gifford, of Castle Jordan ; Sir Edward FitzGerrald, of Teigh-
croghan ; Gerrald FitzGerrald, of Moylaghe ; Edward Aylmer,
of the same ; Patrick Cusake, of Clonmaghan ; Henry Burnell,
of Castle Richard ; Edmund Darcy, of Jordanstowne ; Henry
Kinge, of Ardnemollen ; Gregory Cole, of Clonard.
Lune. Richard Plunket, of Rathmoore ; Patrick Begge, of
Moyagher; Martin Blake, James Dowdall, Melchior Moore,
and Robert Misset, all of Athboy ; Walter Scurlocke, of the
Frame ; Roger Dillon, of Ballenedramey ; John Rochfort, of
Kerranstone ; Robert Rochfort, of Clonekevan ; Walter Lince,
of Donowre ; Walter Nangle, of Kildalky.
Fowere. Plunket, of Old-Castle ; Plunket, of Newcaster ;
Plounket, ofLoghrewe; Chr. Plunket, of Clonebreny; Plunket,
of Ballinacaldde ; Balf, of Collmoolestone ; Robert Barnwall, of
Moylaghoo ; Tint (or Tuit ?), of Baltraseney ; James Dowdall,
of Athboy, " for Oliver Plunkett's lands in Ballegray " ; Dar-
disse, of Gleveckloan ; Plunket, of Thomastowne ; Plunket, of
Drumsavrie.
The distances of the above-mentioned places from Dublin,
and tlie boundaries of the county, are specified.
x 2
195 CAREW MSS.
159G.
XII. CO. LOUTH.
Chr. Tath, of Ballibragan ; "Robert Tath, of Cookestowne ;
Tath, of Stevinston ; Tath, of Rathclare ; Verdon, of Clonmore,
"descended of Theobald Verdon, High Constable of Ireland ;"
Clinton, of .Dromcasshell ; Tath, of Clintonstowne ; Rice Ap
Hugh, provost marshal, at Ardye ; Sir John Bellewe, at Cas-
tleton ; Dromgole, of Dromgolstowne ; Dowdall, of Newton ;
Dowdnll, of Glasepestell ; Lord of Lowth, a Plunket, at Tal-
lanston ; Plunket, of the Nuehowse ; Gernon or Jernon, of
Gernonston ; Gernon, of Donmoghan ; Babe, of Derver ; Stanley,
of Merlinston; Warren,' of Warrenstowne ; Hadzor, of Keppogh ;
Barnewall, of Rathesker ; Garret Fleming, of Crowmerton ;
Talbot, of Castlering ; Sir Edward Moore, at Millefont ; Lord
Primate [Archbishop of Armagh], at Toromonseghan (?);
" the marshal town of Carlingforde."
Distances from Drogkeda and Dundalk, and boundaries,
specified.
Pp. 20. In Morgan Colman's hand.
Endorsed by Carew: "1596. A perambulation of the
counties of Dublin, Wexford, Kilkenny, Gather! ogh, Kildare,
Q. County, K. County, Westmeath, Meath, Louth."
261. " A DECLARATION " by the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. 632, p. 146. The way to suppress the Northern rebels is to prosecute
them with a sharp war, and thereby either to draw them to
honourable conditions, or else to extirpate those who are
obstinate. For this purpose " a bulk or main force of horse
and foot " should be established. 3,000 foot and 300 horse
would serve to march through Tyrone to the Liffer, and fur-
ther into Tireconnell if need be. 620 foot and 50 horse to
be laid in garrison within Ulster, sc., at the Newrie, Car-
lingford, Armaghe, Blackwater, and Dondalke ; with wards at
Dondromme, Strangford, and Argles. At Knockfergus a
garrison of 100 foot and 50 horse, " to keep the peace and
defend the prey of the town ; " and after the war 600 foot
and 100 horse to be laid there, which will "reduce and
master both the Clandeboyes, the Glynnes, and the woodmen,
who otherwise may give great annoyance to the service of
Tyrone." The county of the Cavan, called the Bregnie (now
revolted), and co. Longford must be defended by 200 foot,
besides horse, which will also prevent incursions into the
English Pale. Total of the forces for Ulster : foot, 3,920;
horse, 400 ; pioneers, 200 ; kearne, 400.
Connaught has revolted, except co. Clare in Thomond, part
of co. Galway, the O'Kellies' country, and co. Roscominon,
" which were lately taken in by us Sir John Norries and
Sir Jeffrey Fenton." The rebels there, besides the aids they
have from O'Donnell, Magwyre, and Tyrone, are about 2,000
in number. 3,000 foot and 300 horse should be prepared for
ELIZA1-JET1I. 197
1596.
the recovering of that province, wherein her Majesty has lost
a great revenue, "and also to pierce into Tyreconnell,
Ferinanangh, or any other bordering traitors, either to en-
tangle O'Donnell in his own country and to take Ballyshannon,
where a strong garrison of 600 foot and 50 horse must be
laid, or at least to divert him and his forces from the aid of
Tyrone." Out of these forces, garrisons ate to be provided.
Total of forces for Connaught : foot, 3,000 ; horse, 300 ;
kearne, 200 ; pioneers, 100.
A force of 1,000 foot and 100 horse should be sent out of
England immediately, and landed in Lough Foyle, "to be laid
in garrison either at Derry, the Lyffer, or such other places as
shall be thought meet," in order to annoy both Tyrone and
Tyre-Connell. "They are to bring with them all provision of
victuals, munition, with some frames of houses for their stow-
age, and other necessaries to serve as well for the inhabiting
as for fortifying ; to bring with them' 200 pioneers, with all
manner of tools for themselves, and an overplus to serve the
soldiers that may be drawn to work upon occasion."
" If a force of 3,000 Scots, well chosen and governed by
some honotirable commander, known to be well affected to her
Majesty's service, might be drawn into Ulster to serve upon
the back of the Earl, and the same 3,000 Scots to be joined
with the garrison of Lough Foile, and to be commanded by
such as shall have charge there, it would be to good purpose
for the speedy achieving of this war ; they being men fit for
the service by reason of their hard breeding, and many other
abilities above other nations. But how to have these Scots
your Lordships* may know it better by means of her Majesty's
ambassador with that King than we can ; and therefore we
humbly leave the managing thereof to your Lordships, only
we are bold to note thus much to your Lordships, gathered
out of some of our experiences touching the Scots, namely,
that the McConnells have had always friendship with the
O'Nelles, both by marriage, fostering, and bomiaught, and
therefore not to be trusted to serve her Majesty in this
weighty service ; where, on the contrary, the McEllanes are
opposed unto the Earl for sundry provocations, and specially
for the hanging of Hugh Cay voloughe, one of the sons of [the]
late Shane O'Neyle's." I, the President of Munster, have set
down my particular opinion thereof, which we send herewith.
Besides these forces, a special force of 1,200 foot muet be
prepared to serve for the following garrisons : for Ardee and
Kells, in the English Pale, each 1 00 foot ; Ophaly, 200 foot ;
Leix, 200 ; Tully, 250 ; Rathdron, 250 ; Munster, 200.
Grand total: foot, 9,120; horse, 800; kearne, 600;
pioneers, 500; with 3,000 Scots; in all 14,020.
Towards making up these numbers there are in the realm
(not accounting the wards and broken retinues) 4,510 foot
* The Privy Council in England.
2 n *
198 CAREW MSS.
1596,
and 555 horse, fit for service. The Muster Master's book is
sent to your Lordships herewith, so there must be sent out of
England 4,610 foot and 245 horse, with 200 pioneers. The
companies to serve in Tyrone are to be directed to Carlingford
and the Newry, except those that are for the garrison of Lough
Foyle ; and the other forces for Connaught are to be directed
to land at Dublin, from whence they may march to Athlone,
" though it will be to the great burden of the English Pale in
their throughfare."
For the victualling of all these forces we have caused the
officer for the victuals here to set down a proportion of all
kinds of victuals to be sent out of England. This proportion
is sent to your Lordships herewith, " together with a note
in the foot thereof for 5001. sterling to buy carrying horses
to serve the use of the armies and the garrisons to be brought
here ; otherwise we assure ourselves, by the experience of
the last year's defaults touching carrying garranes, the same
hindrance will fall out to her Majesty's service now that did
then."
Galway will be the meetest place to make a staple of victuals
for Connaught and Ballishannon, and the victuals may come
thither from the west parts of England. For Tyrone, Carling-
ford and the Newry, saving for the garrison of Lough Foyle,
whose provisions are to be sent directly by sea. Victuals
and provisions for Ulster to pass by sea from Chester water.
" Upon any certain or credible intelligence of the access
of any foreign forces into this realm there are sundry port
towns in Munster and Connaught Gallwaye standing open
upon Spain; and in Munster Waterford, Limerick, Cork,
Kinsale, and Youghall, all being walled towns and of good
importance ; for all which it is requisite that a force be
prepared to be sent to every of them, and to be garrisoned
there for the guard and defence thereof; which garrisons will
be to good purpose to encourage and assure the inhabitants."
Victuals, munition, and money must be sent them.
A special sum of money must be sent for fortifying, building,
and making " garnells " and places of stowage. Two small
pinnaces " to lie off and on the coasts between Scotland and
Ulster, to serve to impeach the passage of the Scots." They
must "be of less burthen and draw less water than the
two last sent, otherwise they will do little good against the
Scots' galleys."
" It is requisite that two post barks be erected here for
carrying of intelligences and packets, for the which it may
please your Lordships to give directions by your next letters
to the Lord Deputy and Council. There were two barks
used in the Lord Graye's government for that purpose,
which were entertained at 101. ster. per mensem le piece.
" Lastly, where it ma.y be thought that such as shall have
the chief harge to execute this war are tied and prescribed
within the rules of the plot, we wish (under your Lordships'
ELIZABETH. 199
1596.
favour) that her Majesty would be pleased, to the trust and
discretion of such as shall have the managing of this State
and the chief ordering of the war, to proceed to the execution
thereof as they shall find occasion, notwithstanding anything
contained in the plot."
Copy. Pp. 12.
262. VICTUALLING of the ARMY.
Vol. 632, p. us. A Proportion of Corn and Victuals to be provided for
6,000 men for six months, viz., 1,000 horsemen and
5,000 footmen, accompting 28 days to the month, viz.,
20 flesh days and 8 fish days."
\For the horsemen. ] Wheat, at 1^ bushel a man per mensem
for himself and his boy, 1,125 qrs. Barley meal, ditto. Beef
salted, for 1 20 days, at 3 Ib. a man per diem for himself and
his boy, 225 tons. Butter, at f Ib. for a man [and his boy]
per diem, for 28 days, 75 barrels. Cheese, at 1 ^ Ib. per diem
for a man and his boy, 160 ways (at 224 Ibs. the way). Oats
for their horses, at 2 gallons per diem for ahorse, for 168 days,
3,259 qrs.
[For the footmen. ] Wheat, at 1 bushel a man per mensem
for six months, 3,750 qrs. Barley meal, ditto. Beef salted,
at 2 Ib. a man per diem, for 120 days, 750 tons. Butter, at
Ib. a man per diem, for 24 days, 250 barrels. Cheese, at
1 Ib. a man per diem, for 24 days, 560 ways.
Mem. This proportion " is to be produced into * England
Denmark, and Flanders," but the prices in those parts are
unknown to me.f
These three years past her Majesty's service has been greatly
hindered through the want of horses for the carriage of victuals
with the army. It is now thought necessary by the Lord
Deputy and Council that 5001. should be sent " to be bestowed
in carriage horses."
Copy. Pp. 3.
263. REBELLION in ULSTEK.
Vol. 632, p. 152. " A brief Discourse, declaring how the service against the
Northern rebels may be advanced, and the Connaught
tumults in some sort repressed ; delivered by Mr.
Francis Shane."
The river of Lough Earne is convenient for transporting
victuals, "as also for the service/' and divides Connaught
from Ulster. The passages of this river, at Bellashana[n]e
and Bealicke, being garrisoned, will defend Connaught and
* Sic.
f The Victualler. See the preceding article.
o o CAKEW MSS.
1594J.
the south side of the Pale, and so annoy O'Donnell that he
will be forced to disunite himself for his own defence from
the Earl. A strong garrison is to be planted on Lough Foyle,
at the Derrye, which will dissipate the whole forces of the
North, so that the Earl will not be able to relieve O'Donnell.
This garrison, at their landing, should be invested with the
possession of Innishe Owen, a country resembling an island.
O'Dogherty, chief lord thereof, well inclined to the State,
will no doubt become loyal. Hugh McHugh Duffe O'Donnell,
a man of great valour, Neale Garrowe, son to Conn O'Donnell,
and McSwine Banaghe will do the like. "These first three
gentlemen, of no little accompt in their country, and inwardly
hating the tyranny of O'Donnell, having deprived them of
the possibility of the country which to them by right
appertained, will seek all the means they can to pluck him
down."
The garrison may sally at pleasure into any part of Tyrone,
and return within 48 hours. " Bordering upon O'Cahan, the
chief strength of horse that the Earl has, [it] will disarm
him thereof, or else by daily incursions will so hurt him as in
the end he must close with the garrison in many good pur-
poses and beneficial capitulations/'
" These recited garrisons do not want the benefit of well
disposing such booties as they shall attain, neither the means
to transport victuals and munition ; the sea and Lough Earne
yielding what is to be desired for that purpose.
" The garrison [s] of Ballishannoe and Bellick may turn into
Conuaught all such spoils as they shall win, either to be
preserved for their further need, or by sale to furnish their
present wants ; or what they cannot dispose this way, they
may turn into Inishmorrey, an island in the sea not far from
Dundroise, between which and Bellishannoe there is, as it were,
an island, containing every way five miles, wherein tillage
with security may be planted, if the time serve. Hither
also by sea many good means are offered to bring all manner '
of provision from Mounster and all parts of Connaught.
" The garrison of Lough Foile hath Inishowen for place of
disposing their booties also ; yea, if they like, to have a
colony of English for tillage ; if not, they may by cherishing
the natives of the soil effect the same, which will stand them
to no small purpose. Hither must all things be transported;
and it is certain that the English Scots of Urwin and Ayre,
for money, will be glad to have a vent for their wine and
oil, wherewith doubtless they will furnish this garrison
plentifully. The fishing of the Bande will stand the garrison
to good uses.
" By these garrisons before set down the haunt which the
Spaniards have got, in furnishing the Earl and O'Donnell with
munition and other habiliments of war fit for supporting
them in these their treacherous attempts against her Majesty,
may easily be cut off; which put in practice, what possibility
ELIZABETH. 201
1596.
hath these rebels to hold out in their disloyalty if they be
defeated of their Spanish hopes ?
" Magwyre shall not escape but that these garrisons of
Bellishannoe and Bellick, and chiefly Beltirbert, on both sides
of Lough Earne, shall play upon him with an equal harmony,
to his utter confusion ; which the sooner shall be brought to
pass in that the now Magwyre hath deprived Connor Roe
Magwire of the name of the lordship which to him in right
did belong, either by English laws or Irish customs."
On the borders of Tyroweu the fittest places for garrisons
are these : the Blackwater, in regard of the commodities of
Lough Eaghe, which affords means of transport to Cowlrayne
from the sea : and " Knockfergus is within 12 miles of Lough
Eaghe, alias Sydney (all champagne ground), upon the edge
whereof standeth a ruinated pile called Edendowcarrick (and
not far off the abbey also of Masserine), which, being made
wardable, will be fit to receive into store what provision shall
be intended from Knockfergus, for the relief either of Black-
water [or] Cowlrayne, if by sea you cannot for tempestuous
weather perform the last."
" By the garrison of Blackwater the whole country to the
Newrye shall be conquered, and the Earl forced to keep below
the Blackwater, where notwithstanding he shall take small
rest, the garrison of Lough Foile playing upon him as a
northern storm, and the garrison at Blackwater descending
upon him as a southern tempest ; to whose assistance may
be called such forces as shall be resident at the Newrie."
The garrison at Monneghan may co-operate with that at
Blackwater ; as also may the forces at Beltirbert.
" If any of the four sons of Shaen O'Neale, now prisoners
with the Earl, may be released any way, wherein money will
much prevail amongst those covetous and barbarous people,
besides their natural inclination to the offspring of Shaen
O'Neale, what doubt is to be conceived that if one of them
or all of them got liberty, but that their followers (being
very many), now detained by the Earl's tyranny, will embrace
their liberty, and cast off the yoke of such a tyrant, whom
in heart not only they, but many of the best sort in the North,
do inwardly detest ; a testimony whereof we have of both his
brethren Art by father, and Turlaghe McHenry by mother
the first offering to revolt if he might be maintained against
his brother's tyranny ; the other was in person imprisoned
by the Earl for a jealousy conceived of his return to obedience.
" It is to be hoped that Sir Art O'Neale, son to the late
O'Neale, with many others, if these garrisons be placed in
the bowels of their country, will renounce this ungrateful
tyrant's government ; which is the less to be doubted in that
his suspicion conceived of many in the North doth increase
in such measure, as he thinketh himself in no security of
their truth, though he be possessed of their children manacled
202 CAREW MSS.
1596.
as prisoners, and their whole creaghts and cattle of what kind
soever.
" An objection may be made that the charge hereof will
exceed, which I grant, and yet not exceed the dishonour of
the loss of a kingdom held these 430 years ; neither will this
excessive charge hold but for a time, and then in this manner
may be defrayed.
" These garrisons must be broilded * guardable ; to the
broilding whereof the pay of 400 or 500 men may be spared
out of such forces as is supposed fit for the finishing of this
war ; which ended, the greater forces cashiered, the forces
thought fit for guarding these places and containing the sub-
ject in his loyalty may be maintained in form following.
" To the maintenance of Bellishannoe and Bellick may be
added the composition of 800 beoves due in O'Donnell's
country, together with a bonought of three galloglass, which
O'Donnell imposethto the use of the three McSwines, viz., Janad,
Banagh, and McSwyne, whose entertainment amounteth at
the least to 2,000 beoves per annum, all employed against the
State. To which may be added all such spiritual and temporal
lands as do belong unto the Crown, as an augmentation,
together with a tine 'taxt' of land, called Moygwynnye,
betwixt Boudrowishe and Bellishannoe, which may be used
for tillage, as before is said.
" For the better strengthening of such as shall hereafter
reside at Bellashannoe and Bellick, the rising-out of Con-
naught, consisting of near 1,000 horse and foot, may be
adjoined yearly, serving their time by hundreds monthly for
40 days ; whereby that garrison shall be corroborated at all
times more by 100 than her Majesty shall give allowance for.
" The fortification at Lough Foile may be by the like means
maintained, adding the composition of the next countries
thereunto, as O'Cahan and other the borderers, who may, for
further composition, [do] what of themselves willingly they
have done to the Earl, for supporting his treacherous practices
against her Majesty ; which (under correction) in conscience
may be exacted, as inflicting the same upon them as a chas-
tisement for their disloyalty. Such Lpp.f beeoves as the late
O'Donnell and the now Earl doth yearly levy, as due to the
name of O'Neale, upon Mugwyre, may be disposed to the
defraying of the charge of this garrison."
As Belltirbert borders on the English Pale, its wants may
be supplied easily. Bellicke and Bellashannoe in distressed
times may be relieved by water. Beltirbert may be made a
goodly seignory, by knitting thereto the abbey of Clonys,
with all spiritual and attainted lands in cos. Longford and
Cavan ; and by this means her Majesty will be at little charge,
* Sic : qu. builded.
t Qu. mistake for "Ixx."
ELIZABETH. 203
1596.
and the country planted with Englishmen. The compositions
of cos. Cavan, Moneghan, and Magwyre, alias Farrymannagh,
from which her Majesty of long time has reaped no benefit,
will defray the charge of this garrison. Here also, in time of
tranquillity, some of the old garrison bands may be resident to
repress any sudden attempt of the Irish.
The Irishry, discerning that Lough Earne ministered good
means to prevent their lewd purposes, destroyed Beflick,
Bundrowishe, Inishkillen, Lisgowle Abbey, Moneghan, and
Blackwater. Many of the Irish lords south of these garrisons
will be brought to conformity.
" Little will I say, or can be said, of that part of the North
lying by East Lough Eagh towards Knockfergus, in that the
Newry forces, Knockfergus, Cowlerayne, and the Blackwater
may, from time to time as occasion should serve, bend their
strength, in part or the whole, against the same places." Boats
and pinnaces must be provided.
Copy. Pp. 10.
264. MUNSTER.
Vol. 614, p. 99. "The opinion of of the disposition of the Gentlemen
of Munster in the time when Sir John Nonis was Lord
President of that Province.*
Nations chiefly noted as procurers of mischief and supporters
of evil-disposed persons in this province : the MacSyhis, Mac-
Swynes, and the Leries. In Kerry and Desmond : the Clantey
McGagh and the Stacks, saving Morrice Stack and his brothers.
None of these septs to be deprived of protection, till others be
reformed and assurance taken for theii loyalties. They are
closely allied one with another.
Teig McO wen's sons of Drissane are notorious malefactors,
the elder Owen McTeig excepted. They are supported by
Cormock McDermody, Lord of Muskrie ; their mother one of
the Swynes. O'Sulevaine More and O'Sulevaine Bere continue
faithful subjects.
The Knight of Kerry, Thomas FitzMorris, and John
O'Connor Kerry, " sworn one to the other, and intended to
become subjects when they find opportunity."
Certain men sworn to continue in rebellion : the Lord
FitzMoris, Thomas Oge of Ardnagreagh, Edward Hussey of
Balynahowe, Owen McMoriarta of the Skart, Cahir McBrien of
Traly, Thomas FitzJohn of Balykely, heir of Balykely.
" The chief powers must shun the corruption of bribery."
Bountifulness to be used, and men of desert not to be
forgotten,
Cormock Oge is faithful to the State, and a meet instrument
This heading is in Carew's hand.
204 CAREW MhS.
159G.
to be employed in service. Cahir O'Kallahane, alias Cahir
Moclurhte, dwelling by Moaloe, " to be maintained in his pos-
session at the least till these rebellions be assuaged ; an
instrument meet to be employed."
"A principal course to subdue this province: the Lord
President to take his journey into Kerry with all forces,
and there leave a garrison of 900 foot and 100 horse to be
placed by the direction of Sir George Thorenton and
Mr. FitzEdmunds, both well acquainted with that country.
"Meet instruments to be employed in Kerry that may be
trusted : Moris Stack and his brothers, John Rice, Donel!
Faries, Richard Rice. Those to be trusted in the co. of Cork,
and have already served voluntarily : Cormock Oge and his
brother Teig, Miles Roch, James Nagle and his kinsmen,
William Malafont, Patrick^Miagh of Kynsale, Thomas Flemyng
of Belguolan, Cormock Daly, Moris Roch, Cahir McDonogho."
Dated by Ca-rew, " 1596."
Pp. 3. Endorsed.
265. " HER MAJESTY'S private INSTRUCTIONS for one to be sent
into IRELAND."
Vol. 632, p. 135. " Where we have required them to insist upon his [the
Earl of Tyrone's] personal submission, and in case of utter
refusal, then to send his son, yet we are content that you shall
know privately, if it appears that our army's weakness gives
him opportunity to do mischief, and his pertinacity be so
obdurate as not to yield to that demand, then we are con-
tented that our cousin of Ormonde, rather than to conclude
nothing, and so drive all things to confusion, shall be contented
to conclude with him without that.
" Secondly, if you do find no manner of likelihood of his
submission at all in terms of honour or safety, but that it must
be a cessation still, or an open breach again, then shall you
move our cousin to advise well of the good and of the evil
which we have by the cessation, and according as you find
that, either to dissolve it or continue it till we take further
order.
" Many other particulars we expect to understand by you ;
as with what great entertainments we are charged by unne-
cessary titles, in which you shall have letters to the Treasurer
to put to his helping hand to abate them, seeing the form is
altered.
" You shall also let the Secretary [Fenton] know that we
expect from him to have good information of all things without
fear or flattery.
" You shall also remember to deliver the likelihood of a
peace between Spain and us; and by our Secretary you shall
be instructed.
" You shall also know that when our cousin of Ormond shall
send to speak with him, we mean he shall carry the Secretary
ELIZABETH. 205
1596.
for one, and yourself for another, as Commissioners to assist
him.
"If it be so that our cousin shall not speak with him at
first himself, we would have him employ you and the
Secretary with some other, such as will not be unaccept-
able to him, to deal with him.
" You shall also let Warren know that we do look from
him for his best endeavours to draw Tyrone to such conditions
as may be honorable for us ; wherein, if we shall receive by
you a good report, it shall increase our good opinion."
Copy. Pp. 2.
1597.
Jan. 266. MUNSTER.
Vol. C14, p. 281. " Advertisements and Petitions [by Justice Saxey]* for the
furtherance of Justice and lleformation of the govern-
ment of the Province of Munster ;'' addressed to Siv
Thomas Egerton, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of
England.
Your regard to the advancement of justice emboldens me
" to discover unto your Lordship as well heinous and dan-
gerous treasons and unlawful courses taken to the interruption
of justice, as also to unfold my grieved mind concerning the
abused government of this province." All the English are
ready to forsake the country. John FitzEdmund of Clone,
co. Cork, a Geraldine, by her Majesty's favour has become a
man of great authority in his country, "not only commissioner
of the peace and quorum,, but also trusted and employed in
causes of State." He has 1,OOOZ. yearly revenue. For many
years he has made show of religion and loyalty, and affection
to the English, but of late he has been discovered to be an hypo-
crite and traitor. " About three years past certain freeholders,
to the number of seven, examined before Sir Tho. Noreis :md
James Goold, the Second Justice of this province, concerning
certain treasons whereof John FitzEdmund was then charged,
did upon their oaths make plain and direct proof thereof."
These depositions were concealed for one whole year afte; 1 ,
when Noreis handed them to me on my arrival in this king-
dom. We wrote to Sir Robert Gardner, requesting him to
confer with the rest of the judges, but received no answer.
Then, in regard of the troubles in the North, I did not awake
the cause ; "but when as her Highness' mercy had dissolved
the rebellious rage of the northern [traitors], 1 did think fit, in
that small time of peace, to take the speediest course for further
trial of offences so capital." As I knew he would endeavour
prece vel pretio to stifle the cause, I acquainted no one with
* This document is described by Carew as " a Discourse for the Reformation
of the Province of Munster, by Justice Sax."
206 CAEEW MSS.
1597.
my courses until he was indicted for high treason, " and then
by myself in open court committed and pronounced by me
not bailable in the hearing and presence of Sir Tho. Noreis
and the Second Justice ; but presently upon my departure he
was by them enlarged." He carries as "rebellious and hateful
heart toward her Majesty and the English as any Desmond or
Tyrone." " In regard of my service myself [was] sent for
to Dublin, in which journey (besides the danger of the time)
I spent 20/., and was threatened to be fined for a supposed
contempt for not certifying the indictment ;'' and when the
Council at Dublin, in the absence of the Lord Deputy, awarded
a special commission for his trial, I was left out for my sup-
posed malice, and the concealers were made commissioners.
Both the principal offender and the concealers must be brought
to trial in England. This " will be a good stop of some
rebellion of the Geraldines in Mounster which is justly
feared, so long as one, before this time charged of high
treason in the Parliament House, and now indicted for no
less, can procure unto himself unlawful liberty, and authority
and credit as him listeth, and hasten his own trial in time
of a sheriff that is at his own devotion."
When required by Sir Henry Wallop and Sir Robert Gard-
ner and the other commissioners for the Undertakers to
travel in the province and to inquire of the defects of the
Undertakers, I spent " 32 days at mine own charge of 20.
and above." If they themselves had gone, it would have
cost above 1001.
" We have had within these three years since my coming
hither about 13 or 14 sittings or meetings of the Council for
hearing of causes between party and party. I, as at the first,
so have continued a motioner to the Vice- President, that of
all the time of every sitting or meeting, which commonly
endured the term of five or six days, there might be one half
day allowed for consultation on the causes of the state of
this province. I could never yet draw him unto it, but, re-
jecting conference, ruleth by authority without law and
against law, and wilfully violateth the instructions delivered
for better government at the first erection of this State."
As the governor is " skilless " in matters of justice, he should
" follow the precedents and examples of greater governments,
as the Lord Deputy, the Lord President of the Marches of
Wales, and the North in England, and such like, who leave
the administration of law to the judges, who by their pro-
fession can best skill to deal therein ; so have all governors
before him in this self state of this province." The following
are some of the imperfections in the government.
" The subjects complainants within Monster, by reason no
certain times of hearing of causes are set down, are enforced
to travel to Dublin for justice ; or, when there are times
appointed, they are fain to come far from their homes." The
ELIZABETH. 207
1597.
justices should keep their circuits thrice every year in all the
counties within the province. At present, "causes depend
long undetermined."
" Where it hath pleased her Majesty to erect a state and
government within this province, authorising the same to
hear and determine all causes civil and criminal arising within
the said province ; so it is, that when the parties are at issue,
and the cause ready to be heard, the defendant, only for delay,
without just cause, procureth writs of habeas corpus or cer-
tiorari or such like from some of the courts at Dublin, and
thereby doth remove the said causes." No "writ of privilege
or remover " should be allowed but upon affidavit before the
Governor and Council of this province.
"The idle youth within and of this province doth daily
increase in great numbers, who are like to follow the lewd
steps of their elders in treasons, murders, and all other mis-
demeanours, except they often see and taste of the severity
of justice." The justices should keep their sessions of gaol
delivery thrice yearly, whereby the malefactor should receive
his desert "before escape, and without hope of pardon or
protection."
" For the more speedy suppression of idle men and male-
factors, that the justices of gaol delivery in every county ap-
point four, six, or eight Irish of good credit and loyalty,
inhabiting in that county, to make survey and search of all
idle and suspect persons, allotting to every of the said
searchers a several part or limit."
The justices of gaol delivery are not furnished with suffi-
cient power and company either for the execution of justice
or their own safety. As great suits are made for sheriffs' offices,
instead of pursuing their own gain, they should attend on the
said justices with 20 persons, " English apparelled, well horsed
and appointed for defence."
' The gaols are taken from the sheriffs, and there is one
of no value appointed gaoler of all the gaols" in this
province ; whence arise escapes. Every sheriff should " have
the charge and benefit of the common gaols." The present
"marshal and general gaoler," by the escape of Morough
Oge, that dangerous rebel, has forfeited his office.
" The Irish put in trust with government and authority do
oppress the subjects for two special causes. The one, to enrich
themselves, as when a warrant is sent to one of them to levy
4>Ql. for some service to be done, he by colour thereof extorteth
200. ; the overplus he putteth into his own purse, or divideth
as him listeth. The other, that when the Irish do grieve at
this intolerable oppression, he, with a mind to withdraw their
hearts from her Majesty and the law, whereby they are go-
verned, dareth to persuade with them that it is the Queen's
pleasure they should be so used, and the injustice of the law
whereby they are governed doth command it. It will &ever
be better so long as the Irish have any trust or authority com-
208 CAREW MSS.
1597.
mitted unto them. It were more ht they were, as the
Gibeonites were among the Hebrews, hewers of wood and
drawers of water, than to ascend higher among the people of
God." They should not be allowed to possess any weapons
or armour. This would stay such outrages as " have been
lately performed by John FitzEdmund and his followers, to the
number of 200 or 300, encountering and disgracing her
.Majesty's garrison, wounding and almost murdering the lieu-
tenant of the same. Fair and kind usage will not draw them
to due obedience, for the best part in thain is to show trust
where they mean treason." All the murders and spoils are
done upon the English.
" The cities and towns are insolent and like to fall away.
It were fit they were kept under some English governor of
every town, in whose custody the keys of their gates, and their
artillery, armour, weapon, and munition, may remain."*
" The churl and Irish peasant, by whom the lord and chief
gentleman doth live, is apt to follow his lord in all rebellion
and mischief; and the reason is that the Irish tenants have
their estates but from year to year, or at most for three years,
in regard of which short and weak states, they have not any
care to make any strong or defensible buildings or houses, to
plant, or to enclose ; in want whereof they lie open to spoil,
and themselves more apt to rebellion, when they possess
nothing which they may not with ease carry or drive away, or
convert into money ; and hereof it cometh that one rascal
rebel will in one night burn all the towns in a country.
" And therefore it were most necessary that the Irish lords
of lands and tenements should be ordered to make no less
states than for 21 years or three lives, in which all rents and
services agreed upon should be reserved and mentioned, and
thereby all other unreasonable exactions, now imposed upon
them, should be cut off." The composition for cesse, which is
a great loss to her Majesty, should be abolished, and the
soldiers cessed among the Irish, who would thus be prevented
from making " their rebellious conventicles."
" And where divers Englishmen have been lately murdered
and spoiled, by reason they have so singled their dwellings
tiiat they lie open to the malefactor without ability of defence
or mutual succour, .... all English inhabitants should be
drawn into a near neighbourhood of 20 households at the
least, .... and none not inhabiting in a castle to be suffered
to dwell out of such neighbourhood; and that the same neigh-
bourhood so inhabiting together shall, within a certain time
to them prefixed, enclose all their dwellings with a great deep
trench and quickset, if may be, only leaving two places of
ingress and egress, where shall be strong gates, to be shut
* In support of these propositions, the examples of Charlemagne, Alexander
the Great, and Julias Cicsar are cited in the margin.
ELIZABETH. 209
1597.
every night, whereby themselves and their cattle shall be in
better safety from the thief and wolf.
" None are by the law to be sworn in juries, except he can
spend 40s. yearly for life; and by reason that the Undertakers
have few tenants for life, but for years, the cause of the Eng-
lish concerning his goods, lands, or life is subject to the trial
of the Irish."
" Either the Undertakers must presently people their
seignories and [be] ordered to turn the states for years into
lives, or else tenants for years must be enabled to be jurors
by authority " from the Council in England to the Deputy
and Council here. " An act of Council, here termed concor-
datum, may establish as well this as all other the precedent
remedies, as a binding law to all the province."
The Vice-President "hath lately, by most base and slander-
ous terms, abused the Chief Justice of this province, being then
of equal authority with himself," upon' this occasion. " One
Donough Rewgh O'Kelly, of the county of Gallwey, ....
about the 12th of September last came to Youghull, where
the Chief Justice dwelt, with a horse, two mares, and a colt,
and was very ready to offer the same to sale at Youghull, where
no one man knew him. Upon information thereof, the Chief
Justice examined him, who said that he was going to the
Earl of Ormond to give him land. He could show no passport
or testimonial, and himself had never a good rag about him."
The Chief Justice committed him, but the Vice-President
enlarged him. As this fellow then threatened the constable
who first presented him to me, I committed him " for the
peace; " but he was again enlarged by the Vice-President.
Afterwards we had occasion to meet at a general session of
gaol delivery at Corck, where the Vice-President reviled and
abused me for " my courses." I desired leave to depart. He
answered, " Go and be hanged ; who sent for you ? " By his
misgovernment "all the English are ready to forsake the
country, and being debarred from the administration of
justice, I shall be enforced to keep them company."
The clerk and receiver of the fines growing before the
Lord President and Council "usurpeth the receipt of all other
fines and forfeitures made before justices of assize, nisi prius,
gaol delivery, and justices of the peace within this province,
which by law ought to be levied and accounted for by the
sheriff in the Exchequer, and thereby many great fines and
forfeitures are concealed from her Majesty."
A continual household was ordered to be kept in the province,
" in which house the Chief Justice should be allowed three
servants," and the Lord President and Council IQl. ster. by
the week ; one half year's allowance being payable beforehand.
That allowance, being 520Z. yearly, is "altogether converted
and employed to the private benefit of the Vice-President,
his wife, and children ; for the Council have not resided there
above 14 weeks, in all accounted, these three years ; within
2,
210 CAREW MSS.
1597.
which time the Chief Justice hath had his bare diet, without any
allowance of horse-meat or horse-room, and hath been forced
to lodge some of his men at an alehouse." He must either
" live from his wife, or lose the benefit of her Highness' allow-
ance." The fewer meetings of the Council, the greater gain
to the Governor.
" In respect of the absence of the Chief Justice when there
was no causa of his presence," the Lord Presidents before
this time have allowed him ll. 6s. 8d. ster. weekly towards
his diet elsewhere. Your orator prays that for the arrearages
already due, being above 1201., and the annual profit of 40.
from henceforth, direction may be sent to the Lord Deputy to
order the Vice-President to make satisfaction.
No steward or clerk has been appointed, as ordered, to write
and sum the charge of the household.
The Vice-President, in his needless journeys, oppresses the
subjects with horses and horseboys, contrary to the law.
The Lord President and Council are instructed to compound
for all forfeitures by penal statutes, obligations, and recog-
nisances, and to assess reasonable fines, and to enter the
sums received in a book. " No part of this article is per-
formed, but between the Vice-President and the clerk all is
disposed of and concealed from the Council."
The Lord President and Council are ordered not hinder
the course of the common ISws ; yet the Vice-President bails
dangerous persons, and takes from the subject the benefit of
the law.
The Chief Justice ought to be paid his fee quarterly, but
the Vice-President detains it for half a year after the day.
Your orator prays " that some rents of seignory lands may be
assigned for the payment of this fee."
The Lord President and Council are charged upon oath to
reveal anything prejudicial to her Highness to the Council in
Ireland ; yet the Vice-President and the Irish Justice have
taken examinations of high treason, which was proved, and
have for a whole year after concealed the same.
The presidency in this province is a needless charge to her
Majesty, because the administration of justice must be left to
those who have skill to deal therein. The Governor, being
unskilful in law, is a hindrance to justice.
Five thieves, who had been proved to have stolen the cows
of one Norreis, were examined before the Lord President and
Vice-President, and acquitted. The Vice-President, moreover,
acts in contravention of justice.
" Licences to transport commodities prohibited, which the
Vice-President doth take upon him to grant, are not grantable
by any subject but by the Lord Deputy."
The Vice-President is a burden to the country, as he never
rides with less than 20 or 30 horse. He is unnecessary at
sessions, his presence making all things scant and dear.
" There is no want of him when he is away ; for he hath been
ELIZABETH. 211
1597.
divers times out of the province seven or eight weeks
together."
He is " injurious to the Council," as he does not acquaint
them with all causes. rt It is not known by what warrant
protections are granted, specially in such order and so com-
monly as now they are ; .... 140 were contained in one
protection granted by the Vice-President hi January last.
The Chief Justice was then there, and never made privy to
it. It may be gainful to the granter, but it is most grievous to
the country "
The Chief Justice could never see the commission to the
Lord President, and doubts whether he may make a Vice-
President, and by what warrant the Council are chosen.
Presidency in a martial man is unnecessary, in all respects.
It is a needless charge of 1,OOOZ. by the year.
" It is here credibly reported that they of Connaught desire
that this Vice-President might be their governor ; it is also
known that himself doth well affect that place. If he should
by her Majesty be bestowed there or elsewhere, I hope of no
better reformation by any martial man."
Some Englishman should be appointed as Second Justice,
because the now Second Justice (James Goold) is disabled from
holding that office by the Statute of 8 B-ic. II., which ordains
<{ that no man of law shall be justice of assize or gaol delivery
in his own country." Though forbidden by the late Lord
Deput3 T , he has " sworn and taken upon him to be "Recorder
of Limerick." He has offended in misprision of treason by
concealment of the cause of John FitzEdmund, and stands
indicted seven times of several high treasons, "which for
divers years have been smothered, but lately to me revealed
by Hugh Cuffe, Esquire."
" As for this nation, whose religion is choked in idolatry
and superstition, whose hearts are treacherous and outward
conversation savage, cruel, and uncivil, ' I had rather be a
doorkeeper in the house of my God, than dwell in the tents
of the ungodly,' and my hope (the rather through your honor-
able favour) is, that after a while I may be called home into
England ; and I shall be most joyful to leave the place of a
chief justice of as great a circuit as the third part of England,
and end the residue of my aged years in that service that may
please her Majesty to allot me."
If the presidency is to continue, I wish it may be as before,
when Francis Agard was appointed governor for martial
causes, and Nicholas Walshe joined with him to have the
whole administration of justice.
30 horsemen and 20 footmen are allowed for the honour and
safety of the State of this province. When travelling in her
Highness' service, I am often in great danger and laid wait for.
" In January last, one Kedmond FitzGerrott, a Geraldine, a
bloody man, and a notable malefactor, and receiver and
reliever of rebels, was at Corcke arraigned for high treason.
o 2
212 CAREW MSS.
In 07.
He, by your suppliant's lawful courses, without the knowledge
or privity of the Vice-President or any other, was attainted
and executed, who otherwise had escaped free from conviction,
had the evidence been never so plain ; for which .... your
suppliant was secretly threatened, and within a fortnight
after, at Limerick sessions, his horses, being five in number, of
the value of 40Z., were maliciously burnt and consumed with
the house they stood in." Moreover, since the indictment of
John FitzEdmund, a Bastard Geraldine, without the Vice-
President's knowledge, in May last, your suppliant " scant
dareth to travel/'
" About Michaelmas last your said suppliant, being then at
Waterford for the delivery of the gaol there, was certified by
letters from the portreeve of Cashill of a school of
thievery of horses and cows kept in that country, and that the
master and usher, with seven or eight their scholars, some out
of every county of this province, and some the bastard sons
of the best of the country, who had lately before committed
divers and sundiy stealths, were apprehended, and there in
gaol, and had the night before offered a dangerous escape,
assured of rescue and relief of kerne without the town, com-
bined with them, upon the escape, to burn all that country ;
and therefore most earnestly prayed the delivery of them by
due course of law with all speed. Whereupon your suppliant
within two days after (not without some hazard of
his own life) rode thither, and finding the information true,
held sessions, wherein the said master and usher and seven of
their scholars were attainted and executed, without the
knowledge or privity of the Vice-President."
As the said 30 horsemen and 20 footmen are no defence to
any of the State, but a private gain to the Governor, your
suppliant prays for ten of the said horsemen ; otherwise he
will be enforced " to refrain those dangers which the duty of
his place draweth him unto."
Note. *" These at my being in England in January 1596
were severally delivered by me to my Lord of Canterbury], my
Lord Keeper, and my Lord of Essex ; but there was one then
living that yielded no favorable hearing of the cause, and so it
lay asleep until this present rebellion in Munster did awake
the memory thereof. By occasion whereof it hath pleased my
Lord Keeper, in the presence of all the Lords of the Council,
to say divers times, that if ear had been given to such a one at
his last being here, two years gone, this rebellion had not
been. One time, among the rest, his Lordship spake in the
Exchequer Chamber the day of the pricking of sheriffs,
whereof my Lord Chief Baron did give me knowledge, and
told me that I was greatly bound to mv Lord Keeper."
Pp. 27.
* This note is apparently in Saxey's own hand. There are a number of
additions and corrections in the same hand.
ELIZABETH. 213
1597.
April 18. 267. LORD BOROUGH'S INSTRUCTIONS.
Vol. 601, p. 136. Instructions by the Queen to Thomas Lord Burghe, K.G.,
Governor of Briell in Holland, appointed Deputy in
Ireland, 18 April 1597.
(1.) At your arrival deliver our letters to our former Deputy
and Council. Receive the sword " with observation of all
due honour," and take your oath.
(2.) Require the Council to inform you of the general state
of that realm, and especially of the army. " Discreetly and
quietly inquire of the state of religion, how it is there
observed, whereof we are informed there hath been notorious
negligence, in that the orders of religion are in few parts of
our realm there observed ; and that which is to be lamented,
even in our very English Pale multitudes of parishes [are] desti-
tute of incumbents and teachers, and in the very great towns of
assembly numbers not only known to forbear to come to the
church or divine service, but even willingly winked at to use
all manner of Popish ceremonies. For this cause, although
we know it is hard, specially at this time, to have things so
well observed as in time of quietness, when it was also much
abused by negligent looking into, you shall earnestly require
the bishops which be of our Council there to show you some
cause of this general defection, especially in our towns. And
likewise you shall inform yourself whether there be not a
Commission Ecclesiastical, and of such as be in commission
you shall require to understand upon what occasions the said
Commissioners have not discharged their duties to withstand
these pitiful disorders. And of their answers you shall make
good observation, which we would have to be delivered by
them to you in writing, and thereof to advertise us with some
opinion, by advice of the better sort of our Council there, how
this general defection might be reformed in some convenient
sort, and not thus carelessly suffered, as though we had granted
a toleration of Popery, that being one of the chiefest points at
which in all demands the rebels have so greedily aimed."
(3.) For the administration of civil justice, we have of late
years " appointed certain learned men in the laws of our
realm to occupy the places of the Chief Justices of our Benches,
the Master of the Rolls, and Chief Baron, which in former
time have been occupied by men native of that country, not
indifferent." Give them your assistance in the execution of
justice.
(4.) Command the Muster Master (Lane) to deliver to you
rolls of all who receive pay of us, certifying where they serve,
" how many of them are checked in their pays for their
absence," and how many pretend to be free from checks.
Make no warrant to the Treasurer (Wallop) for pay to such as
be absent from the musters. As many captains in remote parts
" have untruly informed the Muster Master of tbeir full num-
bers," consult with such of our Council as have no interest in
214 CAREW MSS.
1597.
such abuses, and appoint commissioners to take monthly
musters in all remote places. This will be a hard matter,
" considering the great corruption of late used therein."
View any bands that may conveniently come to your
presence. The men to be able of person and furnished with
fit armour and weapons.
(5). In former times, upon discharging of our armies, certain
captains, officers, and private soldiers in bands were allowed
pensions, with intention that upon the renewing of any such
army they should be called to the like places of service, and their
pensions cease. This good order has been very negligently ob-
served. Require the Muster Master and the Treasurer to have
a roll made of the names of all pensioners now continuing in
pay, and the Treasurer to make certificate how long they have
been pensioners. Lose no opportunity to place the said
pensioners in like rooms as they formerly held ; and though at
present they are no rooms of captains void, because the forces
of late sent out of England were " directed under captains from
hence," yet if any of them shall die or depart out of that
country, you shall prefer some of the pensioners to those
rooms, if not impotent or unserviceable. If any pensioners
come from thence, the Treasurer is to forbear to pay their
wages. " Have care in bestowing pensions when they fall
without our knowledge and privity, for we do find that matter
much abused, and some preferred that least deserve it, besides
many needless wards continued, which when their rooms are
void, we do require you to advertise whether they may be
spared or not, before you seek to prefer any to them."
(6.) Require the late Deputy and Council to acquaint you
with such of our letters and commandments as have not yet
been executed.
(7.) * Upon colorable suits made to us here to recover lands
concealed from us in that realm, sundry suitors have
fraudulently combined with certain being deputies to the
Escheators and Surveyors there, and have by their means
entered upon sundry our ancient lands, of our revenue, and
have falsely rated the^ same under their ancient values, and
gotten colorable estates thereof very falsely and not warrant-
able by law, whereof complaints have been made by our ancient
tenants, wronged thereby, to our Deputy and Council and
our Court of Exchequer, but by reason the said [deputies]
to the head officers depend upon some of our Council there,
the complaints are not indifferently heard, but our revenue
decayed greatly. Of which matter you shall require to be
informed duly both of our Treasurer and our Justices of either
Bench and the Chief Baron of the Exchequer, whom you shall
authorize to examine the said complaints, and in whom they
shall find the frauds and abuses, to cause the same to be
publicly and severely punished, and our ancient tenants
restored and our revenues revived. Of which kind of
causes you shall understand that our Treasurer and the
ELIZABETH. 215
1597.
Chief Justice of the Common Pleas have very earnestly
written to our Council in a case of one John Rawson,
wherein so great abuses have been by colour of inferior
officers, as they do require to have some special authority to
inflict some notable punishment upon the offenders."
(8). A commission is to be directed to you and five others
to make leases of our lands for terms of 21 years or less, and
to make bargains for the wardships, marriages, and lands of
our wards, excepting persons of the degree of Barons and
above. Be more wary for our profits than previous Deputies
have been. By another commission you and the same five
are authorized to call to account all persons indebted to us,
and compel them to make payment. Your are not to execute
these commissions by yourself alone without the privity and
assent of the other Commissioners, as some of our Deputies
have done, especially in demising our lands and granting
wardships.
(9.) Whereas our former Deputies have made warrants
called concordatums to the Treasurer to pay extraordinary
sums for special services, we charge you to grant no such
concordatums without the assent of the Council, and to make
books of them every quarter.
(10.) When we appointed a Governor, Justice, Attorney,
and other ministers to govern Connaught, we allowed them
yearly stipends out of the composition made with the country
in lieu of all other taxes and cesses. The composition, amount-
ing to nearly 4,000. a year, was received by Sir Richard Bing-
ham, Chief Commissioner, and out of it 2,3132. Irish were paid
to our ministers. The rest was commonly spent by the Chief
Commissioner in " pretended extraordinary charges arising
by the troubles of the country." But now, owing to the
rebellion in that country of late years, little of the composition
money has been answered ; yet the Commissioners, though not
residing within the province, have demanded their stipends out
of the treasure sent for our army. This is not to be allowed,
but you are to consider how that province may be reduced to
quietness, and the composition answered. As, however, the
Chief Commissioner is to be in the province for ordering
martial affairs there, if the composition money will not stretch
so far, he is to be allowed his entertainment out of the
treasure sent from England.
(11.) You are not to " give the order of knighthood to any
but such as shall be, both of blood and livelihood, sufficient to
maintain that calling, except at some notable day of service
to bestow it for reward upon some such as in the field have
extraordinarily deserved it." Former Deputies have dis-
honoured us in this respect.
(12.) Inquire what has been done since the death of the
Earl of Clancare for the rule of the country of Desmond. As
he has left no lawful issue male, all his lands ought to revert
to our Crown. Inquire how Florence McCartey, who married
216 CAREW MSS.
1597.
the Earl's daughter, behaves himself, and whether he attempts
to meddle with the Earl's possessions. If he use any force,
" overrule him with forces in our name." Maintain Donnell
McCartey, the base son of the said Earl, "a gentleman of
good value, and by his wife and his mother of good parentage,
with whom also may be joined to assist him O'Sullivan Beare,
his kinsman." Nicholas Browne, a son of Sir Valentine
Browne's, an undertaker in that country, " and greatly
friended by the alliance of his wife, daughter of the said
O'Sullivan," can give you information, and is able to serve us
against any attempt made by the said Florence.
Copy. Pp. 12.
[April.] 268. STATE of IRELAND.
Vol. ess, p. 158. < A Summary Collection made of the State of the Realm,
as it standeth at this present in the several Provinces
thereof, considered in Council, and a double thereof
delivered to the Lord Burgh, subscribed with the hands
of the Lord Deputy and Council."
Ulster. Universally revolted ; no part of it is free from
hostility against her Majesty, and adherence to the capital
traitors of Tyrone. The only places left her beyond Duii-
dalk are the Newry, Knockefergus, Carlingford, the Green
Castle, Armagh, Dondeom, and Oldrifleete. At the Earl's
first entrance into rebellion, there were several countries in
Ulster which held for her Majesty, and some of the lords
thereof . paid rents, composition, and risings-out ; namely,
O'Hanlon and a great part of Longford, the O'Reyllies in
co. Cavan, some of the O'Neales in both the Clandeboyes, and
other petty lords, " besides the abbey of Monoughan, which
nevertheless was kept by her Majesty at about 1,400. per
annum, besides the allowance of Seneschal." Now they are
all in confederacy with the Earl. " And further, by a late
intelligence understanding that Agnus McConnell hath slain
James McSarley, the Earl is more drawn to those parts, as is
said, with his forces, of purpose to establish McWyllye in the
Rowte, whereby he may engross also into his hands to rule
that country ; for McWillye, being but a simple man, shall
bear but the name, and the Earl shall command in it."
Connuuglit. Not one of the six shires (Clare, Gallway,
Mayo, Roscomon, Slego, and Leytrym) is free from revolt, but
each has its particular disturbers. Sir Conyers Clyfford, Chief
Commissioner there, with 21 companies of foot and a half,
besides horse, was not strong enough to reduce the rebels
to obedience, for his companies were weak, and O'Dounell
" tyrannizeth over most of these people at his pleasure, having
drawn to his side the whole country of Leytrym, whereof the
O'Rourkes have usurped rule, and are at his devotion ; and ia
effect the whole country of Mayo, where he hath set up a
supposed McWilliam, who is the most notorious traitor in
ELIZABETH. 217
1597.
Connaught, and altogether at his commandment only. We
understand from Sir Couyers Clifford that he is in hand to
draw certain chief septs * of the Kourkes from McWilliam ;
namely, Tybbott ne Longe, who being a Kourke better de-
scended than McWilliam, and near as strong as he in the
followers of the country, it will be to good purpose for her
Majesty's service if he might be separated from McWilliam ;
for that, by his practice and example to leave him, it is
like that sundry other septs would fall from him." In
Koscomon the Clandermodes and O'Connors are the "dis-
turbers ;" in Gall way, a strong sept of the O'Flarties and Joyes,
besides Feagh McHughe and the O'Kellyes, who follow him.
In co. Sligo the O'Harryes, the O'Hartes, and divers others
are overawed by O'Donnell, and combined with McWilliam.
Co. Clare is in better condition, the Earl of Thomond having
a band of 150 foot in her Majesty's pay for the defence of that
province ; but lately we received from the Earl " an accusation
wherein oue of his own brethren is charged to practise to go
to the King of Spain to pray aid of him to make a stir and
alteration in that country/'
Munster. " There hath been not long since an intel-
ligence between the rebels of Connaught and some of the
McShees and other ill-affected people of Mounster, of whom,
after they had committed several murders of some of the
English Undertakers there, and done many other outrages,
the greater number have been at sundry times cut off, some
of the White Knight and others of the country, some by her
Majesty's forces, and some by justice, insomuch as there
standeth up none that we know, any man of name, against
her Majesty in that province, except two chief persons of the
McShees, and two base sons of the Viscount Roche, which
being followed by a rabble of loose people, stand out still,
though both we and the Vice-President have often dealt with
the Viscount Roche for the suppression of his base sons, or to
deliver them into justice."
Leinster. By the late cutting off of the ancient traitor
Feoghe McHughe, Leinster " will grow to better terms of set-
tling and conformity," but many of his followers remain, such
as the O'Moores, " who infest the Queen's County, and, joining
with some of the Connors, they vex also the King's County."
'"' There are also some of the Butlers (though James, the chief
man of action, be cut off), who ranging up and down the
borders of Kilkenny and Carlowe, having of their adherency
some of the Connaughl.s (sic) ; and there are also sundry of the
OTooles and O'Bymes, and specially two sons of Feogh
McHughe and Feoghe's uncle, who, being all traitors with
Feoghe, hold the same course they did in his time, though
* " Steppes " in MS.
CAKEW MSS.
1597.
they make show, as we are advertised, that they will be glad
to come in to make then* personal submissions and deliver
pledges for their loyalties ;" a matter which we leave to the
consideration of the Lord Burghe, with the further advice of
the Council. Sundry persons in this province do not openly
declare themselves, but are suspicious and doubtful. They
should be assured by good pledges or other security.
" Touching the five shires of the English Pale, though many
of them have showed more backwardness to answer the
service and their own defence than were meet, which, we
think, groweth more upon their poor estate and waste of their
countries than of any wilfulness or corrupt mind towards her
Majesty ; yet in many of the meaner sort, upon the borders
both towards the North and the co. of Kildare, some of the
Bastard Garraldines, and especially two base brothers of the
now Earl of Kildare, are in open rebellion with two of the
Eustaces ; and in Westmeath some of the Nugents, Bryan
Reogh O'Moore, and one Tirrell, called Captain Tirrell, now in
the pay of the Earl of Tyrone, are in action, besides some of
the Magoughegans, the O'Mallaughlins, O'Malloyes, O'Coffies,
and other[s], are apparently suspicious, who, holding corre-
spondence with open traitors, are thought to be instruments to
set out sometimes the goods of their neighbours, and to be
guides to the rebels in their invasions into the Pale, as hath
been at sundry times informed by the better sort of the
English Pale." '
As for the state of the armies, the Muster Master thinks
that since March last they have been diminished about a
third, partly by sickness ; and a " collection " made by him is
delivered to the Lord Burghe.
Of the munition issued by warrant or remaining in the
store since the supply in March, the Master of the Ordnance
has made a certificate. The like is done by the Victualler.
These certificates are delivered to Lord Burghe, and doubles
of these are sent to your Lordships, together with one from
Mr. Treasurer of the money remaining in his hands.
Of the pledges and prisoners in the Castle of Dublin, the
constable has made a catalogue, and the constable of Knock-
fergus has done the like. Of such as are in Connaught,
Mounster, and elsewhere, the governors of those places shall
make certificates.
P.S. Sir John Norries has returned from the borders with
a letter from Tyrone to himself, on the 12th of this month,
" wherein Tyrone desired to prefix him a reasonable time for
the gathering together of his confederates, to bring them to
the borders." Norries found Tyrone almost desperate of any
conclusion now to be made with him, " considering the access
of these forces lately sent over, and other reasons, contrived by
himself to serve his own turn." After the production of this
letter, Lord Burghe demanded of the Council " their advice
what course were meet for him to hold with Tyrone." " We,
ELIZABETH. 219
1597.
the Lord Deputy and Council, having deliberated, resolved
that it could not prejudice her Majesty's service to yield him
a respite of time. It was agreed that Norries should write to
him that " the State was contented to prefix unto him the
20th day of the next month, not making mention of any
cessations."
" In this respite of time, as it is like that it will be seen
what will become of the Spaniards, so we shall have commo-
dities thereby to strengthen the borders, and be fit not only
to defend and resist their incursions into the Pale, but also to
invade and offend the enemies of Leinster as occasion shall
offer. And yet the forces, being thus laid upon the borders,
may be always ready to make present head against the
Spaniard, if he shall attempt to march toward Dublin or the
English Pale, as is doubted by your Lordships, if he make
his descent at Waterford or thereabouts/'
Dated " 1597," by Carew.
Copy. Pp. 10.
May 20. 269. The QUEEN to the LORD BUEGHE, Lord Deputy.
Vol. 601, p. Hia. Besides the great charge of our army in Ireland, "there are
many things omitted by loose and negligent handling, which,
straighter looked into, might cut off many superfluous and
needless charges, as well for unnecessary wards as superfluous
offices." In such matters use the advice of our Chief Justice
Gardener and our Treasurer Wallope. The former has a
commission to inquire into disorders of this nature.
" We find that our Chief Baron and the rest of the Barons
in Ireland do grant at their discretion divers good sums of
money in nature of mandamuS." Give direction to our
Treasurer to pay no more of them, except they be allowed by
three or four of our Council, including either Gardener or
Wallope.
We send you two commissions, little varying from those which
you had with you, for letting our lands and wards. Some
experienced persons are to be of the Quorum with you.
" There have been many foul abuses by selling of offices, by
making of sheriffs imperpetuities, whose lewdness hath been
caused of many revolts in regard of their oppressions."
We are informed now that most of our forces in Ireland
have never paid the country for their diet. Inquisition to be
made. Many debts claimed of us by captains may be
disproved.
O'Donnell escaped " by practice of money bestowed on
somebody." Call to you the Chancellor, Chief Justice
Gardener, and the Treasurer, and inquire " who they are that
have been touched with it."
" As these things are very fit to be inquired of by such as
have best means to know it and will most clearly examine
it, our pleasure is that you do appoint specially for this
220 CABEW MSS.
1597.
inquisition (as Commissioners) some of the lords of the
country, amongst the which none are fitter in regard of their
late employment than the Earl of Thomonde and the Baron of
Delvyn, with any other, such as you our Deputy shall think
meet. And as for the matter of O'Donnell's escape, none is
fitter than the Lord of Delvyn to be used, who is able to say
much in the matter."
Greenwich, 20 May 1597.
P.S. The Chancellor is omitted from these commissions
[respecting Crown lands and wards], but not " for lack of
trust."
Copy. Pp. 2.
May 27. 27O. JOURNAL of SIR WILLIAM RUSSELL, Lord Deputy.
VoL 612. (From 24 June 1594 to 27 May 1597.)
June 24th, 1594. My Lady [Russell] took her journey
from Chiswick to St. Alban's.
25th. My Lord went with the Queen from Tiballs, the
Lord Treasurer's house, to Mr. Wrothe's, at Enfeilde, where
her Majesty dined. In the afternoon my Lord took leave and
went to Donstable.
2Gth. My Lord went to Stonystratford, and met my Lady,
with the Earl of Bedford *
27th. Went to Coventry, to the sign of the Pannier.
28th. To Lichefeilde.
29th. To Stone.
30th, Sunday. To Nantwich. " My Lord's chaplain
preached in the forenoon."
July 1st, 1 594. To Westchester.
2nd. Visited by several gentlemen, who sent him venison.
5th. My Lord and Lady dined at the Mayor of Chester's.
8th. Dined at Serjeant Warborton's, vice-chamberlain of
Chester. Visited the Bishop, Dr. Chaterton, who lay sick.
9th. A packet despatched to my Lord Treasurer [Burleigh].
1 1th. From Westchester to Hillbrye. Waited for a wind
until Sunday 14th. Then put to sea, and went down the
river to Gay ton.
15th. "We went to hunt at the Earl of Derby's, at Nestow
Lodge."
17th. " My Lord wrote to Mr. Maynarde about explana-
tion of that point in the Queen's letter concerning his enter-
tainment ;" and to Lady Warwick and Mr. Oldiswoorth about
the same.
18th. My Lord and Lady went aboard the Queen's ship.
19th. The wind continuing contrary, they landed again
on the Welsh side.
:; The names of the lords and gentltmeo who met or entertained Lord Russell
in his journey are specified.
ELIZABETH. "221
1597.
sseii's Journal. 20th. To Glothaithe.
21st. At Mr. Mostian's.
22nd. Letters to the Lord Treasurer. Lord Essex, and
Lady Warwick, enclosed to Smithe.
23rd. Over Abraconwaye passage and Penmen Mawre to
Bea Morris (Sir Richard Burklye's).
24th. To Hollyheade. Waited for a wind until the 31st,
when we took shipping in the morning, and arrived that night
at the Head of Hothe. My Lord lay that night at my Lord
of Hothe's.
August 1st. 1594. To Dublin. Were met by the Council,
captains, mayor, and other gentlemen, to the number of 500
horse. " My Lord lighted at one Mr. Bise's, a new house near
the Castle."
2nd. My Lord met the Council, and desired before receiving
the sword to learn the state of the country. Appointed
officers of his household.
3rd. " My Lord's concordatum about land carriage was
signed and allowed."
4th. His arrival notified to the Council [in England].
5th. Warrant for the repair of the Castle against my Lord's
entrance.
6th. Sir Richard Bingham went to the relief of Eliskellin
(Enniskillen) Castle.
7th. My Lord dined at Kilmainham ; my Lady went to
the Castle [of Dublin] to prepare it.
8th. My Lord of Ormonde came to visit my Lord.
9th. The Bishop of Femes, the Earl of Thomond, and
others came to visit my Lord.
10th. Sir Thomas Norries came to visit my Lord. Sir
Richard Bingham returned upon news that our people had
received an overthrow at Eliskellin, under Sir Edward Harbert
and Sir Henry Duke, and lost men, horses, and an ensign.
My Lord first dieted in the Castle.
Sunday, llth. My Lord received the sword with great
solemnity. Sir William Fitz Williams dined with my Lord ;
Sir Stephen Thornar knighted.
12th. The Council engaged in preparing warrants and
orders for general hostings.
13th. News that 2,500 Scots had landed and preyed
Kerifergus (Carrickfergus).
14th. " News came of the Earl's (of Tyrone) coming to do
his duty to my Lord, a thing unexpected of all men generally."
Sir William Fitz Williams took his leave.
15th. The Earl of Tyrone came in to my Lord and the
Council, and delivered his submission in writing.
1 6th. " My Lord took a view of all the men that were to go
out of Dublin to attend Sir Richard Bingham, and he refused
them, and gave Captain Streete licence to find voluntary men
for that service."
222
CAKEW MSS.
KuweiTs Journal. 1 7th. " My Lord's company of gentlemen, being holberders,
musketeers, and callivers, set forward towards Eliskellin
Castle, under Collier/'
18th, Sunday. My Lord went to the church for the first
time as Deputy ; Dr. Hanmer* preached.
1 9th. My Lord prepared myf despatch for England to the
Court, with letters to her Majesty and the Council. My Lord
began his journey to Elliskellin. The wind proved contrary,
and I could not go till the next day. My Lord lodged at
Trim, at Mr. Ashe's, his own man's house. He was accom-
panied by Sir Robert Gardiner, Sir George Bowrcher, Sir
Richard Bingham, Sir Thomas Norreis, Sir Geoffrey Fenton,
and others.
20th. My Lord went to Mullingar (Mr. Hope's).
21st. To Athlone Castle (Sir Richard Bingham's).
22nd. Stayed there for the munition.
23rd. To Roscommon (Mr. Malbie's).
24th. To the abbey of Boyle (Sir George Bingham's).
25th. Stayed at Boyle for the companies appointed to
meet there.
26th. Over the Curlewes to Dromdona, with the com-
panies.
27th. To the hill of Killargan, aliaa Mallaghenenuragh.
28th. To Ballaghnemerlaghe ; passed the bogs with very
great danger.
29th. To Glacknemaucha. " My Lord went in person to see
the cashes made towards the pass near the river Ellis ; but it
could not that night be performed sufficiently."
30th. It was resolved that some companies should beat
the pass, and work a passage over the river, " grown great by
fall of much rain." About 400 or 500 men were passed over
the ford by 2 o'clock, with whom my Lord marched towards
the Castle, and entered it without any let. Letters came from
the constable that the enemies were fled. The Earl of Tyrone
sent letters to my Lord.
31st. The rest of the army reached the Castle. Some men
and garrons were lost at the river.
September 1st, 1594, Sunday. After the sermon by Mr.
Richardson, my Lord's chaplain, Sir William Clerke and Sir
Robert Needham were knighted. Sir Richard Bingham was
sent on before to pass the river Erne.
2nd. My Lord with the rest of the army passed the Erne
in a great boat ; some essaying to ride over were drowned,
among them Mr. Cicil, a pensioner. Encamped at Aghnerina.
3rd. Ballaghleina, between two great and foul passes,
where the enemy had encamped before.
* " Hammou " In the margin in Carew's hand,
t " F. Michell " in the margin.
ELIZABETH. 223
1597.
Eusseii's Journal, 4th. To Agrioghe in Dortrye, where Sir John OrreiUe and
the rest of that name met my Lcrd.
5th. To the Cavan. " The bands were mustered, and
order taken for their discharge, or repair to places of garrison."
6th. To Logchrine (Mr. Plunkett's).
7th. To Abrechan (my Lord of Meath's), and stayed there
all Sunday the 8th.
9th." They returned all to Dublin Castle."
10th to 14th. My Lord reposed himself.
15th. Letters to England ; but the wind contrary:
16th. "I (Michell?) landed with my letters from her
Majesty, from the Lords of the Council, and my Lord's private
friends, and news of 8,000. treasure."
17th. The Earl of Kildare and the Baron of Dunkellin
returned from the Court and visited my Lord.
18th to 23rd. 0."
24th. " My Lord passed Rocester's ward."
25th. " My Lord sent away letters by Sir Edward Yorke,
who went post to the Court. And divers of my Lord's people
were then put to their pension to live at 8d. and 12cZ. the
day, or else to return home with letters to their friends."
Letters sent by Mr. Collier. The packet of the 14th sent to
Westchester. Sir Robert Needham departed into England.
26th. " Sir Edward Moore went away, about dealing with
the Earl of Tyrone, to Mellifante."
27th. " My Lord went to take the air." Sir William
Weston, Chief Justice, died, and was buried on the 28th.
29th. " The old mayor [of Dublin] feasted my Lord and
Lady at his house."
30th. " The old mayor came and yielded up the sword to
my Lord. The Recorder made a speech of the charters of the
city. My Lord made choice of Garret to be mayor, and
delivered him the sword and the staff, and made a speech."
October 1st, 1594. Letters from Sir Edward Moore about
a month's truce with the Earl of Tyrone ; and a ship brought
the Earl's steward.
2nd. Moore's letters answered.
3rd. 7,000?. brought by one Crosse from the Lord
Treasurer.
4th and 5th. A ship came upon the Bar ; suspected to be
a pirate, or to have prohibited goods. My Lord sent to make
search and confiscate.
6th. Mr. Francis [Russell], my Lord's son, sick.
7th. Two prisoners that made resistance in the ship com-
mitted by my Lord.
8th. Packet from Sir Robert Cicill.
9th. " Sir Robert Gardiner was stayed by my Lord of his
journey into England."
1 2th and 13th. Moore returned from the truce with Tyrone.
" Sir William Clerke returned from the journey of bringing
the Lady Wallop home to Eneskorfen."
CAREW MSS.
RuMeil't Journal. 16th. My Lord sent a packet to the Court by my man.
Letters from Knockfergus of spoils done thereabout.
2i s t. "My Lord granted a commission to search in Wex-
ford, Rosse, and Waterford for prohibited wares to pass for
France ; Mr. Brisket was a commissioner." He signed Hart-
pole's jiant for Carlo we Castle. Wrote to the Lord Treasurer
and Sir Henry Wallop by Crosse.
22nd. Letters from Sir E. Moore about "more time of
truce " with Tyrone.
23rd. " News came of the death of Dowde, and wardship
of his son ; slain by Crofton."
24th. " Letters were made ready for England, to be sent
by Crosse, Sir H. Wallop's man, to Smith, concerning serving (?)
the fishing with cash (?)."
25th. Commission to search at Galway for prohibited
commodities. Letter to Sir R. Bingham.
26th. " Letters from the Lord Admiral about one Trevor
to make trial of beef and bacon '' for the shipping. My Lord
granted him a letter to Sir Thomas Norreis.
27th, Sunday. The Bishop of Limerick preached. " Thorne-
boroughe, Crofte, and Higham were in the field."
28th. My Lord granted the Bishop of Limerick leave to
go to England. Letters to Cragfergus, by Mr. Egerton, con-
stable there. " News came that Jones was killed at Chester
by Goldwell (Colonel ?) Rogers."
29th October to November 3rd, 1594. "Little done, save
some letters written to Feagh McHughe for some truce, upon
his desire of going or sending into England."
4th and 5th. " The judges sat about the choosing of sheriffs
for the whole realm."
6th. The first day of full term. " The Lords came to
visit my Lord ; and all the judges strangers." Warrants of
full pay to the Clerk of the Cheque.
12th. Warrants for Brian Fitz William's patent of 10s. the
day, and for 10 horsemen for Sir William Clerke, my Lord's
uncle.
13th. " My Lord sent the warrant to the Queen's Council
after the Serjeant had signed it, but the Solicitor would not,
and Mr. Attorney did, but scraped out his name, and it passed
with one counsellor's hand."
J 4th. Letter to England about the former matter.
15th. My Lord sat the first time in the Star Chamber.
16th. Patent for Sir W. CJerke's pension. "One was
executed for treason."
17th, Sunday, the Queen's [accession] day. "My Lord was
wonderfully attended on with five bishops, the councillors and
divers earls and lords. This day ray Lord pricked the
sheriffs privately by himself, a roll being delivered and their
warrants."
18th. " There were divers made shows, and my Lord Kil-
dare on the one side and Warham St. Leger on the other side
ELIZABETH. 225
1597.
RusseiiWournal. ran a t r i n g, and Mr. Malby and Mr. Norton ; and after went
to tourney in armour."
19th. Letters from England, by a messenger of the
[Queen's] Chamber.
20th. Other letters from England.
21 st. " A great consultation by my Lord with all the lord-
borderers, to stand upon their defence with their own powers."
27th. Mitton concluded with my Lord about the "great
grant."
28th. The term ended.
December 17th, 1594. Packet [for England] by Tashe,
who had long waited for a wind. The two Buttons, Went-
worth, and Manchester departed. Caverlie and Beeston mus-
tered the 200 men brought by them out of Lancashire and
Cheshire. Sir William Clarke and Mr. Brisket went to
Enyscorthy to the Lady Wallopp's, for Christmas.*
January 16th, 1594[-5]. "My 'Lord took a hunting
journey to Ballenecar, and drove Feogh McHugh out of his
house into the Glinnes, and placed a garrison there of Captain
Street's company."
17th. " Feogh McHugh, Risse his wife, Walter Reogh, and
all their sons and followers were proclaimed traitors." My
Lord came to Newcastle (Sir H. Harrington's).
18th. My Lord returned to Dublin.
19th, Sunday. Captain Street sent in five of the traitors'
heads.
21st. Captain Chichester sent to Ballenecor with powder
and shot.
22nd. " More provision sent by water to Arcklo for the
garrison at Ballenecor."
24th. " Captain Chichester returned, and brought in
Feogh's brother, who came in voluntarily and submitted him-
self. Mr. Michellf sent into England with a packet of letters.
The mayor and sheriffs of Dublin rescued a ward of the
Queen's, whom my Lord had sent the Queen's sergeant for.
The ward was one widow Doughill's son. This night, in the
watch within the city, a spy was taken which came from
Feogh McHugh, who was committed to the Castle."
25th. " The spy which was committed was examined.
The mayor sent in the ward, and came and submitted himselt
to my Lord on his knee, craving pardon for that he had done.
My Lord appointed him to be at the Council Chamber in the
afternoon. My Lord and the Council met this afternoon in
Council."
26th. Felimy Toole's son taken by the sheriff of co. Dublin,
and committed to the Castle. The Earl of Ormond visited
my Lord. Feogh's porter taken.
* After this date the journal is written by a different hand.
Qu. the writer of the first portion of this journal. See note on p. 222.
22 P
226 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Journal. 27th. " Hugh Duffe caine in, certifying my Lord he had
taken certain of the traitors' heads." My Lord and the
Council sat.
28th. Lords Onnond and Delvin dined with iny Lord.
29th. My Lord and the Council sat ; and on the 30th.
30th. This night Garrald FitzGarrald (W. Reogh's brother),
with 80 followers, burned Crumlin. " My Lord went out into
St. Thomas' Street, and caused the gates to be opened, and
sent horsemen thither."
31st. "My Lord and the Council sat in the Exchequer
Star Chamber in the forenoon, and in the Council in the
afternoon."
" MY LORD'S JOURNEY to BALLENECOR, being accom-
panied with Sir George Bourchier, Sir Geoffrey Fenton,
Sir Harry Harrington, lieutenant, Sir Ralph Lane,
Sir William Clarke, knights, with many other gentle-
men : beginning the 1st of February 1594[-5]. Captain
Chichester, sergeant-major ; Mr. Bowen, marshal. Cor-
porals of the field : Captain Prise, Captain Kellie,
Mr. North, Mr. Beeston."
February 1st. To Newcastle (Sir H. Harrington's).
2nd, Sunday. Divers of Feogh McHugh's followers received
in upon protection.
3rd. Encamped at Killnomanagh.
4th. Encamped near Ballenecor. A messenger from Feogh
McHugh and Walter Reagh desiring to parley with Sir Harry
Harrington.
5th. My Lord began the fortification [of Ballenecor].
Captains Streete and Wyllis sent forth on service. Licence to
Harrington to parley with Feogh and Walter. He met them,
accompanied by horse and foot, between two great hills two
miles from the camp. They desired mercy and pardon.
6th. " The camp continued fortifying at Ballenecor " till
the 22nd.
7th. Streete and Wyllis's companies returned, bringing in
a girl who had warned six -kerne to escape by her cries. " The
foragers took a prisoner in a house, wherein they found a bag
of bullets newly molten for the enemy." He was executed.
8th. My Lord marched five miles into the Glinnes with
Streete and Wyllis's companies. Letters from England.
9th, Sunday. The camp continued near Ballenecor. Mr.
Wheeler preached in the forenoon. Letter from the Earl of
Ormond. Streete and Wyllis's companies sent forth. My
Lord was certified that James FitzGarrald, Walter Reogh's
brother, was taken prisoner by Dermond McMorris
[Kavanagh].
10th. The Earl of Ormond came to the camp,
llth. 100 churls came out of the O'Birnes' country, to
work at the fort.
ELIZABETH. 227
1597.
KusselTs Journal. 12fcb. Street and Wyllis's companies brought in a follower
of W. Reagh. Letters from England. Victuals sent for to
Dublin.
13th. My Lord went to see a pass cut near the camp.
The prisoner executed. The foragers brought in the head of
a follower of Feogh McHugh. Certain soldiers, having strayed
from their companies, were benighted, and took a house and
barn to defend themselves. Before Captain Chichester,
sergeant-major, could relieve them, the enemy had fired the
house and killed three of our soldiers and two boys. The
sergeant-major met some of Ormond's company, and not know-
ing one another they skirmished ; but little harm was done.
14th. Victuals came from Dublin.
15th. Sir William Clarke with horsemen rode to Arcklo,
and brought James FitzGarrald to the camp as prisoner.
16th, Sunday. Mr. Wheeler preached. Proclamation to
bring in all the goods and chattels of the traitors, " whomso-
ever had received the same."
17th. "My Lord rode up to Dromkitt, the pass being cut
as his Lordship passed, the strength of the place being reported
to be such as one man might resist ten ; but my Lord found
it otherwise."
18th. My Lord rode to Killcomen to see the pass cut there.
Ormond met him.
20th. Letters from Ormond.
21st. News from Streete and Wyllis that they had driven
Walter Reagh from his house at BaUenehorne, and that Gar-
raid McMorris, Reagh's brother, Daniel Reerton, one of their
chief shot, and another were slain, their heads being brought
in. Some of Ormond's company assisted them. The Earl of
Ormond dined with my Lord ; " after which they rode to
Ballenecor to view the fort."
23rd, Sunday. Mr. Wheeler preached. The camp rose and
marched towards Dublin, as far as the New Town. Letters
from the North, from Captain Greetnes, certifying the over-
throw of the enemy there. " Morris, Hugh Duff's son, brought
in on (one ?) Redman Ogg his head, and a prisoner whose name
was Daniell Binie, a kinsman of Feogh's."
24th. The camp broke up. My Lord returned to Dublin.
The Lord Chancellor (Archbishop Loftus) with the rest of the
Council met my Lord ; likewise the Earl of Kildare, the Lord
of Howth, and others ; in all, 200 horse.
25th-27th. My Lord and the Council sat; and almost daily
till 10 April.
27th. Mr. Ashe sent into England with letters. " A pri-
soner condemned in the Castle broke his fetters, and by the
help of other prisoners got over the wall at the grate, and
escaped."
28th. News that about the Navan the enemy was 700
strong. " This night two drunkards, falling out within the
suburbs of Dublin, raised the cry, wliich put many presentlv
P 2
228 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Russell's Journal. in readiness with armour and weapon." News that Arcklo
was burned.
March 1st, 1594[-5]. Mr. Chester came to Dublin.
2nd. The Primate* died this day.
5th. "The Primate was buried, at whose funeral my
Lord and the Council was present, Mr. Richardson preaching
the funeral sermon at Christ Church." Walter Reagh's father
committed, upon suspicion of relieving his son.
7th. Letters from England.
9th. Sir Richard Bingham came to Dublin.
10th. Mr. Chester took leave for England.
llth. Sir R. Bingham departed.
13th. Letters to England by Mr. Linche.
15th. Letters and 8,000?. received from England. Sir Ed.
Yorke arrived. Mr. Phifould's servants brought in the head
of Edmond Leonard, a follower of Feogh, and took a prisoner.
Mr. Ashe arrived with letters from England.
18th. Sir Harry Norris certifies the arrival of British
soldiers at Waterford.
19th. The Lords of Slany and Delvin came to visit my
Lord.
24th. Letters out of England from Mr. Michell.
25th. The heads of Shaan McDermond Ogge, Dermond
Dore, and John Kellie, followers of Feogh, were brought in.
29th. Plot of prisoners in the Castle dungeon to escape
by undermining the wall.
April 1st, 1595. Captain Russell mustered his 50 horsemen
on the Green.
2nd. Sir Harry Norris came to Dublin.
5th. Two heads of Feogh's followers brought in. "The
Britten soldiers came into Dublin." My Lord and Sir H.
Harrington laid a plot for the taking of Walter Reogh.
7th. The Britten soldiers were mustered at the Green.
James FitzGarrald and another executed. Mr. Mountague
brought word of the taking of Walter Reogh in a cave by
Sir H. Harrington.
8th. Walter Reogh brought into the Castle.
9th. W. Reogh examined before the Lord Deputy and
Council, and sentenced to be hanged in chains. Letters to
England by Mr. Bostock and Mr. Talbott.
10th. W. Reogh hanged in chains.
" MY LORD'S JOURNEY into COSHAN and SHEELELA, being
accompanied with the Lord of Howth, Sir George
Bourchier, Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Sir Edward Yorke,
Sir William Clarke, knights, and with divers other
captains and gentlemen : beginning the llth of April
1595. Sir Harry Harrington, lieutenant-general;
Captain Chichester, sergeant-major; Mr. Bo wen, mar-
John Garvey, Archbishop of Armagh.
ELIZABETH. 229
3597.
Russell's Journal shal. Captain Prise, Captain Kellie, Mr. North, [and]
Mr. Higham, corporals of the field."
April llth. 1595. From Dublin to Castle Dermon (Mr.
Noble's).
12th. Stayed for the companies. Garrald McShaan Begg's
head sent in by Doulin McBrian.
13th. To Kilknock. Letters from the Lord Chancellor
and Council at Dublin.
14th. Two prisoners, Edmond McMorris, gent., and Turlagh
O'Nolane, kerne, brought in by Captain Willis, and executed.
15th. Sir Harry Norris visited my Lord at Kilknock.
Lieut. Greemes brought in one Hall, a seminary priest, taken
at the Lady Colie's house. He was examined before my Lord
and the Council, and committed close prisoner to Dublin
Castle.
16th. To News ton, at Mr. Peirse Butler's castle. Letters
from the Lord Chancellor and Council.
17th. Word brought by Captain Mince that the enemy
had left the woods.
18th. To Monies. Word brought that Captain Street's
lieutenant was slain in rescuing cows at Ballenecor from the
enemy ; at which time Garrald Reogh, one of the enemy's
chief shot, was slain. An unsuccessful assault was made by
Feogh's sons and followers on the fort there.
19th. Letters from Captain Willis " that he had the day
before the enemy in chase from Ballenecor through the Glinnes,
but night falling could not overtake them, yet forced them by
their speed to leave their mantles, swords, and targets in the
way behind."
20th, Easter Sunday. The camp still at Money. "Mr.
Wheeler preached ; after which my Lord knighted Sir Edward
Munings."
21st. " My Lord rode abroad hunting stud." Heads of
Morrough O'Birne Mulchonery and Torne Roe, two kernes,
brought in. Mr. Moiintague, Lieutenant Greemes, and Donnio
Spannio " sent abroad upon service several ways." Morrough
McEdmond examined, and committed to the Marshal.
22nd. My Lord rode to Mr. Masterson's castle at Femes,
where he passed the night.
23rd. My Lord returned to the camp at Moneys. Mr.
James FitzGarrald sent in three traitors' heads, whose names
were Mortough O'Eowter, Morrow Boy O'Birne, and Edmond
McGarrett.
24th. Mr. St. Lawrauce and Hugh Duffe sent on service
with the Lord of Howth's company. Mr. Mountague and
Lieutenant Greemes returned to the camp.
25th. " My Lord rode to view Ballenchorne, Walter
Reogh's late habitation." Mr. James Butler brought in the
heads of Turlaugh McCahire, O'Toole Sollis, Richard Balligh,
Shaaii McCasheene Farril], Towhill McKeagho, Roorie
McKeagho, and Edmond Reogh. Three of Feogh's shot came
in and craved pardon. Victuals from Dublin,
2 2 *
230
CAREW MSS.
1597.
Roweli'i Journal 26tb. My Lord rode to Eniscorffie, to Sir Harry Wallop's.
27th. Mr. Masterson brought in two prisoners and a
woman.
28th. My Lord returned to the camp at Money. Letters
from Sir H. Harrington, that Rise Feogh's wife and a sister
of hers were taken prisoners. Two traitors' heads brought in.
29th. Sir H. Harrington brought in Rise Feogh's wife and
her sister, who were examined before the Council. The two
men whom Mr. Masterson brought in were executed.
30th. Sir Geoffrey Fenton, being unwell, took his journey
towards Dublin. Captain Mince brought in the head of
Feogh's piper. Captain Willis brought in two traitors' heads.
May 3st, 1595. Captain Streete brought in the head of
Patrick McShaan Bribb.
2nd. My Lord surveyed the country.
3rd. Captain Streete sent upon service.
4th, Sunday. Mr. Wheeler preached. Mr. St. Lawrence
and Hugh Duflfe returned, bringing in two prisoners.
5th. My Lord went a hunting.
6th. Letters from England. Fire in the camp ; 10 houses
burned. News of Sir John Norris's landing at Waterford.
7th. Captain Street returned, bringing in three prisoners.
8th. The prisoners examined before my Lord and the
Council.
9th. The camp marched from Money to Rossebaune.
10th. My Lord went a fishing. Letters received from
England, and from the Lord Chancellor and Council at Dublin.
1 1th. Mr. Wheeler preached. " This night, after the watch
set, by the noise of a great tree which fell, the cry was raised
throughout the camp, and every one ready expecting th'
alarum."
12th. Letters from the Council in England by Mr. Cuffe.
13th. "The camp (at Rossebaune) broke up, and the com-
panies appointed to places of garrison." My Lord rode to
Baltinglas, where he lay at the abbey (Sir Harry Harring-
ton's). Sir H. Harrington took two of the Toolis, brothers,
who were examined before the Council, and condemned by
martial law. Mr. Masterson brought in Donnio Reogh
prisoner.
14th. My Lord went to St. Olstan's (Mr. Allen's). The
two Toolis were executed at Baltinglas.
loth. My Lord returned to Dublin. The Lord Chancellor
and Council, with many knights and gentlemen, met him in
the way. He sat in Council immediately ; and did so almost
daily till the end of June.
18th. My Lord was certified by Captain Merrimans that
the Earl of Tyrone's forces were spoiling the Queen's subjects
in co. Longford. Order taken for the relieving of Monohon.
20th. Despatches to England.
21st. Sir Edward Yorke and Sir Wm. Clarke took their
journey towards the Newrie, to Sir Henry Bagnall, who was
sent Lieutenant-General over 1,500 soldiers for the relieving
ELIZABETH. 231
1597.
Journal of Monohon." Captain Trever landed at Dublin with his
company.
22nd. Letters from Sir John Norris.
23rd. My Lord and the Council sat in the Star Chamber.
Mr. Phillipes, the Lord of Buckhurst's secretary, sent into
England with letters. " Donnio Reogh was arraigned for
receiving Redman McFeogh, who was a proclaimed traitor,
and suffered him to depart without apprehending ; for which
he was tried by a jury and found guilty of treason, and con-
demned to be hanged, drawn, and quartered." Captain Belinge
brought in Donnio McDallio prisoner, who was a reliever of
Feogh McHugh and his sons.
24th. Three prisoners condemned for felony were executed.
26th. Rise Toole, Feogh McHugh's wife, arraigned, and
by a jury found guilty of treason.
27th. Feogh 's wife sentenced to be burned. A Britten
soldier for murder condemned to be hanged, drawn, and
quartered.
28th. Donnio Reogh and Donnio Dallio hanged, drawn,
and quartered for treason. One executed with them for help-
ing a prisoner to escape from the Castle. This day my Lady
"found" to Sir Henry Harrington's son, who was named
Russell Harrington.
30th. Sir Edward Moore certified receipt of intelligence
that the Marshal had relieved Monohon, and was returned to
the Newrie, between which and Dundalk Tyrone lay with his
forces to stop our army's passage. Captain Streete certified
that some of his company had met with Feogh McHugh, and
one of our soldiers wounded Feogh with a " skayne " in flying,
and brought away his sword, target, and head-piece. Two of
Feogh's company, named Thomas McHugh McOwen and
Dermond McHugh McOwen, were slain, and their heads
brought in. Sir John Norriea came to Dublin, and visited
my Lord.
June 1st, 1595, Sunday. Lieut. Tucher came to Dublin,
with the report of the relieving of Monohon, from Sir Henry
Bagnall and the rest of the commanders.*
2nd. " Sir John Norris, Sir Henry and Sir Thomas, with
other captains and gentlemen, dined with my Lord, where
they were honorably feasted."
3rd. Mr. John Clarke arrived with letters from the Marshal
at the Newrie.
4th. One of the O'Reilies sent in the heads of McMahon's
brother and two others. Mr. Michell arrived with letters from
England.
5th. Letters sent into England by Captain Dearing.
6th. " My Lord sat in the Council of wars. Letters from
Sir Richard Bingham certifying " the betraying and murder-
* This " report " is copied into the journal. It is calendared on pp. 109-110.
232 OABEW MSS.
1597.
KU-M ii's journal. ing of Captain George Bingham at Sligo Castle by one of the
Bourks (Ulick Bowrke), his ensign, who took the castle the
same time for the enemy, and slew all the English of the
ward."
7th. Sir Edward Yorke, Sir William Clarke, and the rest
returned to Dublin from the Newrie, " and disposed of the
companies to their places of garrison."
9th. Mr. Baptist sent into England with letters.
13th. Sir John Norris dined with ray Lord, and departed
for the Newrie. The Lord of Delvine sent in, out of the
Breny, six traitors' heads.
15th. The Earl of Thomond came to Dublin, and visited
my Lord.
18th. My Lord began his journey into the North, accom-
panied by Sir John Norris, Lord President of Munster, Sir
George Bourcher, Sir H. Bagnall, Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Mr.
William Brabson (councillors), Sir H. Norris, Sir Ralph Lane,
Sir Edward Yorke, Sir John Dowdall, Sir Robert Salisburie,
Sir William Clarke, and other gentlemen. " From Dublin to
Mellivant, 23 miles, at Sir Edward More's."
19th. To Dondalke. The Lord President met my Lord,
and brought him into the town.
20th. Stayed at Dondalke for the companies of the risings-
out. Sir H. Bagnall certified that the pass between the
Newrie and Dondalke was clear, the enemy lying about the
Blackwater.
21st. Letters from Sir Richard Bingham.
22nd, Sunday. After the sermon my Lord and the Council
sat, and then rode to Sir John Bedlowe's, at Castleton, where
they dined.
23rd. "Tyrone, O'Donell, O'Rorcke, McGwire, McMahou,
with the rest were proclaimed traitors at Dondalke by the
Queen's Sergeant-at-Arms, the Provost Marshal, her Majesty's
Pursuivant, and the bailiffs of Dondalke, with other officers ;
delivered by one both in English and Irish."
24th. To Roskragh. Hugh O'Moloy carried the Queen's
standard before my Lord.
25th. The camp moved to Carrickbaune, but my Lord, the
Lord President, and the Council lay at the Newrie. Letters
to them from Tyrone brought by a priest whom Sir H. Bag-
nall employed ; " but he being already proclaimed, my Lord
and the Council utterly refused to receive them." O'Hanlon
carried the Queen's standard before my Lord.
26th. My Lord and the Council rode to the camp, to see
the risings-out mustered. Tyrone and the rest were again
proclaimed traitors at the Newrie.
28th. The camp marched towards Armagh, and encamped
near the Ten Mile Church. Captain Merriman despatched
with letters to Sir Turlaugh O'Neall. The enemy first showed
themselves, to the number of GO horse. Letters from Sir H.
Duke by a messenger who had been taken by the enemy, and
ELIZABETH. 233
1597.
liusseli's Journal. committed to the custody of a gallowglas, who falling asleep,
the messenger escaped, bringing away the head of the gallow-
glas with him. Letters sent to England.
29th. The camp marched a mile beyond Armagh, where
the enemy again showed themselves. The Council sat at
Armagh, and concluded to fortify it, and leave a garrison
there.
30th. The camp marched some miles, for better provision
of horse meat. My Lord appointed the pioneers to begin the
fortification at Armagh. "Between 12 and 1 of the clock
this night, the enemy came near the skirts of our camp, and
gave us a volley of shot, by which means th' alarum had like
to have been taken, but my Lord being abroad at that instant
stayed the same. About an hour after they came again to
another side of our camp, and gave us another volley." No
harm done.
July 1st, 1595. Intelligence by a spy that O'Donell,
McSwyne, and others with their forces had joined Tirone.
2nd. The pioneers continued fortifying Armagh. Sir
Edward Yorke was sent in pursuit of some of the enemy's
horse, but they escaped. Patrick Poyney, one of their chief
shot, slain, and his head brought in.
3rd. The camp marched towards the Newrie, nine miles,
leaving a garrison at Armagh.
4th. A supply of victuals for relieving Monohon sent for
to the Newrie, and brought to the camp. 400 of the enemy's
horse showed themselves on a hill near us, but fled on our
horse drawing towards them. My Lord and the Council sat.
Letters sent to England by Captain Trever's brother.
5th. The camp marched eight miles, and encamped near
Armagh. The enemy in sight, but attempted nothing. The
Council sat.
7th. Marched towards Monohon, six miles. The enemy
showed themselves.
8th. Marched to , six miles. My Lord, the Lord Pre-
sident, and the Council then rode to Monohon and victualled it.
9th. Marched to Knockfarren alias Ray me Hill, towards
the Newrie.
10th. Fords impassable.
llth. Camp marched to Balleglasse, near the Newrie.
1 2th. Scouts reported that the enemy were passing towards
the pass of the Moyrie. My Lord and the Lord President
commanded all the horse to be in readiness, and appointed as
many shot on horseback as horses could be provided for. We
had the enemy in chase some five miles, " very ill way and
full of bogs," but at a main bog 500 of their shot made a
stand whilst their horse escaped. O'Hanlon, my Lord's chiefest
guide and standard-bearer, was hurt. We killed four of the
enemy's men, one of whom was foster brother to Cormocke
McBaron, Tyrone's brother, named Donneell ; and another
was a Scot, brought to the camp and beheaded. They left
234 CAREW MSS.
1597.
KuMeli'i Jounud. behind many " horses, swords, horsemen's staves, and mantles,
""~~~ with divers other baggages, provision of butter, cheese, and
other things." My Lord and the Council sat.
13th. My Lord and the Council rode to the Newrie, to Sir
H. Bagnall's, where they took order for appointing the com-
panies to places of garrison.
14th. The camp marched eight miles, and encamped near
Dondnlke, by the church on the hill. We passed through the
pass of the Moyrie without hindrance, the enemy having been
lately dispersed. My Lord ordered the pioneers to cut the
said pass.
15th. Letters received from England by Mr. Baptist.
16th. The camp broke up. My Lord rode to Tredaugh.
The Council sat.
17th. My Lord and the Council dined with the Mayor of
Tredaugh.
18th. Keturned to Dublin. Turlaugh McFeogh executed
under the Castle wall.
22nd. " James Kea went into England, and carried a
packet of letters to Chester, at which time Mr. Percie went
over to procure his company."
August 3rd, 1595.* "Mr. Peirce went with divers letters
into England from my Lord and Lady. Martin went with
hawks, a cast to Sir Robert Cicill, a cast to the Countess of
Warwick, a cast to the Lord Thomas Hayarde, one goshawk
to Fulke Grivill, a cast of marlians (merlins) to the young
Lord Essex, and a cast of marlians to the young Mr. Morrison,
and a goshawk to the Countess of Essex ; in all 12."
4th. "News came of the landing of the Scots at Copland
Island, and of their overthrow by the Queen's shipping, The
Moon, ThePopingye, and one that Captain Riggs had charge of.''
5th. Marviliacke went with despatches to England.
6th. " Divers passengers landed at night, the wind having
been contrary seven weeks before."
7th. Two packets from the Lord Treasurer. "Divers
came with letters, as suitors for captains' places of the men
that then were to come over."
9th. " Some landed of the men, and Captain Tutcher came
with them."
10th. " Some others landed of the horse companies."
llth. Sir J. Norreis took his journey for the North.
Divers of the companies mustered upon the Green.
12th. Captains Piercey, Chichester, and Noell had com-
panies delivered them. The Council sat almost daily til]
8 Sept.
14th. Sir Richard Bingham came to the town for forces.
16th. Captain Piggott had a company delivered him. Sir
Henry Norreis went to England. A packet for England sent
* From this date to 21 October the journal is resumed by F. Michell.
ELIZABETH. 235
1597.
RuMcll's Journal. to the post of Chester. Letters came out of the North from
~~ the Scots. Captains Tutcher and Pigott went to Connaught
with their companies.
17th, Sunday. " The Council met about serious occasions
of Connaught matters."
18th. " The Council discharged Captain Harecourte, his
company being but 1C English left, the rest being ran away."
Sir Henry Duke, Mr. Martin, Mr. Malby, and Tibbot Dillon
" had 50 horse put in pay the piece.''
1 9th. Mr. Manneringe went with a packet into England.
News came that all the cows of the Newry were preyed.
20th. My Lady ["Russell] extremely sick.
21st and 22nd. Letters from Sir John Norreis.
23rd. Francis Shane's matter debated in Council ; " and
he had leave to go into England, to complain of the ill-dealing
of Fox, Crowe, Capstock, and Boyle in taking his land."
24th, Sunday. Sir Edward Brabzone and Sir William
Walgrave, son to Sir William Walgrave, knighted in Christ's
Church. Doctor Hanmer preached a very bitter sermon.
25th. The Council sat.
26th to 29th. " Nothing done, but receiving of letters out
of England, and 1,000 foot, 100 horse Captain Deringe,
Captain Mountague."
30th. General muster upon the Green. Sir William Wal-
grave went to England.
September 1st, 1595. News of Mr. Warren's capture by
the enemy.
2nd. Sir Robert Napper returned from the circuit.
3rd. Captain Parsons and Captain Minshewe's companies
went to Connaught.
(jth Letters received from England.
9th. My Lord took his journey towards Kells, " a place
thought most fit to answer the service either in the North or
in Connaught." In his company went the Earl of Thomonde,
Sir George Bourcher, and Sir Jeffrey Fenton. He lay that
night at Lessmullin (Mr. Cusack's). Thither came Captain
Francis Stafforde with letters from the camp from Sir John
Norreis, describing a skirmish with the Earl's forces, in which
Sir John was hurt, and Sir Thomas Norreis and divers horses
lost ; " but the Earl driven to retreat, by reason of a stand
made at a ford by our forces." Captain Harvy, High Sheriff
of Westmeath, met my Lord. My Lord sent Eustace, a man
of his own, to collect beefs and garrons for Sir John Norreis.
10th. My Lord went towards Kells. The Earl of Kildare
aiid Mr. Phmket, with horsemen and foot companies, met my
Lord. The Bishop of Meath met us at his house called
Arbrachen. My Lord was attended by Captain Montague and
Captain Dearing's horse, and by Captain Stanton, Captain
Parker, and the Earl of Thomond's foot companies.
llth. The day being so wet my Lord could not take the
musters. He lodged in Kells, at a poor thatched house of one
CAREW MSS.
1597.
Journal. Betaghe, and dined with the Earl of Kildare. " The Earl of
Thomond's man, and some other letters brought over from
Westchester by James Rea, and were sent to my Lord."
12th. " My Lord sent letters to Sir John Norreis, &c.,
and a packet to Dublin, to the Council there."
13th. "The Earl of Thomond's 50 were mustered, and
entered into the country pay."
14th, Sunday. Mr. Graves preached in the church of Kells.
Sir Rafe Lane directed letters about the cheques of the com-
panies. " Sir Henry Bagenoll and Sir Henry Duke certified
of the death of old O'Neile, and that Tyrone had created him-
self O'Neile."
15th. Sir George Bourcher and Mr. Newtervile mustered
the horsemen.
16th. My Lord went to Nobber, passing Karne hills. He
sent two companies and a company of horse into the Fewes'
country, "the draft for a prey being laid by an Irishman of
the Geraldines." Lord Slane mustered 50 horse.
17th. The forces sent forward the day before met us at
the hill called , but without the prey, " in respect that
the cry was up, and warning was given before." My Lord
returned to Kells. Marviliacke returned with a packet out
of England.
19th. The Earl of Ormonde came to Kells, but left his
company at Arbrachen. William Warren delivered out ot
prison, and came to Kells from the Earl of Tyrone.
20th. Sir Jeffrey Fenton went from Kells "about the
defence of Munster from invasion of Spaniards."
21st. Captains Dearing and Montague, with 50 horse each,
Lord Dunsany with 12 horse, and Captains Stanton, Parker,
Garret, and Brett, with their foot companies, were sent to
Dondalke to the relief of Sir John Norris.
22nd. My Lord marched to Ardye with the Earl of
Ormonde. The rebels had preyed the country thereabout.
23rd. The Baron of Slane, Lord Louth, and others came
thither. The camp marched to Tredaghe, where my Lord
lodged at the Primate's house. " My Lord left with my Lord
of Ormonde my Lord of Thomond's 1 00 and his Lordship's own
100 horse."
26th. My Lord dined at Mellifount, at Sir Edward Moore's,
and there he hunted a tame stag.
27th. The Lord of Slane sent in the heads of two rebels.
Joan O'Neile, with 12 others, her servants and tenants, were
protected at my Lord of Louth's suit. Philip O'Reylly's wife,
Maguire's sister, brought by my Lord of Slane to my Lord.
The Earl of Ormonde visited my Lord.
28th. My Lord dined with the Mayor of Tredaghe. A
seminary priest, named Piers Cullen, was apprehended. My
Lord had a sermon preached by the Primate. Mr. Mannering
came with letters from England.
ELIZABETH. 237
1597.
Kusseii's Journal. 29th. My Lord went to Dublin. He was met by Lord
Gonnaston, Mr. Fitz Williams of Meriom, Sir H. Wallope, Sir
Robert Napper, and Sir Anthony St. Leger. New Mayor of
Dublin sworn.
October 2nd, 1595. " Sir Henry Harrington complained
of Captain Lea, about the murdering of one of the Tooles,
protected by the Council." My Lord dined at the new Mayor's.
Richardson the chaplain was buried, and Mr. Graves, another
of his Lordship's chaplains, had the " chantersbip " given him.
3rd. Letters from Sir John Norreis of his departure for
the relief of Monaghan. Captain Smith came to Tredagh
extremely sick, and Sir Edward Yorke came to Dublin sick.
4th. " The Council sat. Mannering passing the office of
searchership," &c.
5th. "Mr. Henry Browne, my Lord's servant, went with
the packet for England ; and Dudley Norton and Spackman
and others that passage. Letters came from Sir John Norres
of his return from Monaghan, and sent therewith certain
offers of the Earl's."
6th. " Letters came from Sir Jeffrey Fenton, that all was
well in Munster concerning matter of invasion by Spaniards.
The Council sat. Order went for the discharge of all the
officers of the field both to Sir John Norreis and Sir Rafe
Lane."
7th. Letters from the General and Captain Russell.
8th. Letters sent to England by the post of Chester.
" Letters written to Captain Lea, upon Sir Henry Harington's
complaint, that he should bring the body of Derrnot O'Toole,
and not make his own house a prison."
9th. " The men of Tredagh complained of laying garrison
with them."
10th. News of the killing of Captains Foule and Mince,
and one Mr. Terote (or Tewte ?), and of much other loss in
Connaught done by the Bourks.
llth. The Earl of Ormonde, Sir John Norreis, Lord
Thomonde, &c. came home to Dublin. A prisoner, Dermot
O'Toole, sent in by Captain Lea, with many soldiers. " Captain
Moyle was with the Queen's ship discharged." Letters written
to Egerton " to set the pledges of Scots at liberty, for that
they had kept their word to go out of Ireland without doing
hurt."
12th. " Sir J. Norreis and the Earl of Ormonde came to
dinner to my Lord. They sat in Council after dinner."
13th. The Earl of Ormonde departed. Samuel Norton
came home with letters from England. Munition landed. A
horseman of Captain Mountague's executed for running away.
1 5th. News that Rory Oge had burned in the county of
Leax. Garrisons planted.
16th. The matter betwixt Sir Henry Harrington and
Thomas Lea, " about killing of O'Toole being protected," was
debated in Council.
23g CAREW MSS.
Ru**irs Journal. 17th. "News came of some of the Baron of Delvin's men
that were gone, and some stir in Meath. The Council sat,
and sundry of the gentlemen of Meath were assembled."
18th. The Council sat about the quarrel between the Earl
of Thoraonde and Darcye, who were both bound. The term
adjourned to Crastliia Animarum. Packet to England.
Henry Willins and Mr. Thorpe went that passage.
19th, Sunday. " They went to the church before and after
dinner."
20th. " Some letters came that Sir Fra. Drake had taken
Gales "(Cadiz).
21st. The Council sat " about despatch of suitors."
24th. Sir Geoffrey Fenton returned from Munster. Mr.
Pratt came with letters from Connaught.
26th. Mr. William and Francis Clarke set to sea for
England.
28th. The Earl of Kildare came to Dublin.
29th. Captains St. Leger and Warren returned from par-
leying with the Earl of Tyrone.
30th. Mr. Henry Browne returned from England with
letters.
November 2nd, 1595, Sunday. The Bishop of Limerick
preached.
7th. Sir H. Harrington brought Feogh McHugh in upon
my Lord's protection.
8th. Feogh McHugh submitted himself upon his knees
before the Council, and craved pardon.
9th. My Lord knighted Captain Richard Winckfield in
Christ Church after the sermon.
10th. My Lord began his journey towards Galway, being
accompanied by the Lord Chancellor, Sir Geoffrey Fenton,
the Earl of Kildare, Sir Dudley Loftus, Sir W. Clarke, and
others. He went as far as Mr. Ashe's house at Trim.
llth. To Mollingar (Mrs. Hope's).
12th. The Sheriff of Meath presented his letter* with Sir
John Tirrell and many others of that county.
13th. To Ballemore (Lady Straunge's).
14th. To Athlone Castle (Sir Pilchard Bingham's),
15th. To Balleneslow (Mr. Brabson's), where Mr. Malbie
and Tibbott Dillon came to my Lord.
16th. To Lough Reogh (the Earl of Clanricard's).
17th. To Galway, where my Lord lay at Mr. Dominick
Lynche's. " As soon as my Lord entered the city, four great
pieces of ordnance were discharged on the outer wall, without
the gate of the town. The mayor and aldermen were ready
in their scarlet gowns to receive and welcome my Lord, and
there delivered the keys of the town gates to his Lordship,
with an oration written in Latin ; which done, the townsmen,
* See 8 NOT. 1595.
ELIZABETH. 239
1597.
Russell's Journal. to the number of 200, with their ensign and in arms, stood on
both sides the street guarding my Lord to his lodging, where
being alighted, they discharged a volley of shot." There were
assembled at Galway the Earls of Kildare, Thomond, and
Clanricarde, Lords Brimegeam, Roche, and Dunkellie, and
divers knights and gentlemen.
18th and 19th. My Lord sat in Council.
20th. Sir Charles O'Carrell came to Galway "with report
of divers of his men slain by the Butlers."
21st. Letters from England.
22nd. Letters from Mr. Malbie about his coming in with
the O'Conners. The mayor and aldermen came and invited
my Lord to dinner the following day. Mr. Leman, of co.
Mayo, brought in his complaints against Sir Richard Bingham,
his brothers, and followers.
23rd, Sunday. The Bishop of Kilmaccowe preached before
my Lord and the Council, both in English and Irish. My
Lord and the Council dined at the mayor's, after which Mr.
Graves preached. Mr. Brabson and Tibbott Dillon returned
from parleying with the Bourckes.
24th. His Lordship walked out of the town to see the
abbey.
25th. Intelligence that O'Donell was come into Connaught,
and had dissuaded the Bourkes from coming in as they had
promised; whereupon Mr. Brabson was once more sent to
them. Doctor Neland's son committed, being lately come out
of Spain.
26th. Captain Conwaie's company came to Galway.
27th. MoiTOugh McMurie* came in and submitted himself
before the Council, and put in a pledge.
29th. The mayor came before the Council, " and craved
my Lord's furtherance for establishing a preacher for the
town," which was assented to.
30th. Mr. Graves preached. The Council sat. Mr. Malbie
brought in O'Conner Roe and Derrnot O'Conner O'Hanley,
with their complaints.
December 1st, 1595. "This night the noblemen and cap-
tains presented my Lord with a mask."
2nd. Captain Higham was committed. The Earl of
Thomond took his leave, and rode into Munster.
3rd. Letters from England, brought from Dublin by Thadie
Noland.
4th. Thady Noland, the pursuivant, sent to Dublin with
letters for England.
->th. Letters from Mr. Brabson, from Mayo. My Lord
departed from Galway to Athenree, where he lay at the abbey
(Mr. Broune, the dean's).
* " OTlahargtie '' in the margiu.
240 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Russell's Journal. 6 tli. Mr. Grafton brought in complaints against Sir Richard
Bingham's followers.
7th. To Lough Reogh (the Earl of Clanricarde's). Mr.
Brabson returned from the Rowrckes, who would not come in,
but sent a submission, and their complaints against Sir Richard
Bingham and his followers.
8th. To Balleneslowe (Mr. Brabson's).
9th. To Athlone Castle. " Sat in Council, and dealt with
Sir Richard Bingham touching the manifold complaints against
him."
10th. To Ballymote (Lady Straunge's).
llth. To Mollingar. My Lord of Delvine, Mr. Newgent,
and others met my Lord.
12th. To Cloinue (the Lord of Delvine's). Letters for
England sent to Dublin by Mr. Manneringe.
13th. To Arbracken (the Bishop of Meath's). Conner
O'Birne submitted before the Council.
14th. To Riverston (Sir Robert Dillon's).
J 5th. To Dublin.
16th. My Lord sent for Sir Robert Gardner and Sir Harry
Wallop to confer of such business as had passed in his absence.
17th, et seq. The Council sat.
19th. Sir John Norris came to Dublin.
27th. Mr. John Hoye, the gentleman usher, sent into Eng-
land with a packet.
28th, Sunday. The Bishop of Lawghlen and Mr. Fenn
preached.
29th. " The Mayor and the citizens of Dublin came and
made their excuse to my Lord, showing their disability, being
not able to lend money to the State at that time."
30th. Rise Ap Hugh came to Dublin, and certified the
death of the Countess of Tyrone.
31st. The Mayor and townsmen of Tredaugh presented
their complaint of the soldiers' abuses.
January 1st, 1595[-6]. " Letters received from the Earl
of Clanricarde and from Mr. Anthony Brabson, certifying the
outrage of the enemy in Connaught, notwithstanding the
peace, and how some of the Kellies were gone out lately, and
burned and preyed certain towns of Mr. Francis Shanne's.*
This night certain lords and gentlemen presented my Lord
with a mask."
2nd. " This day the lords and gentlemen who were of the
maske, being before invited, dined with my Lord, where they
were honorably feasted."
3rd. Letters sent into England by post.
4th, Sunday. My Lord knighted Captain Henry Warren
in Christ Church after the .sermon.
8th. Letters from Sir Richard Bingham and Tibbott Dillon,
certifying the outrages of the enemy in Connaught.
* " OTerrall " in the margin.
ELIZABETH. 241
1597.
Russell's Journal. 9th. It was determined in Council to send Sir H. Wallopp
and Sir Robert Gardner to draw the Earl of Tirone to a peace
at Dondalke, according to her Majesty's directions. Six rebels'
heads were brought in, including some of the O'Reylies', who
were overtaken with a prey, which was rescued by Mr.
Plunckett, Mr. Taffe, and others.
10th. The Lord of Slany sent for by the Council, " and
direction given for the bringing in of Philip O'Reylie for the
safeguard of himself and certain merchants who were bound
for his coming in." Warrant and direction given to Wallopp
and Gardener.
llth. Dr. Hanmer and Mr. Fenn preached.
12th. Letters to England. Captain Higham, come from
Sir Richard Binghame, reported the state of Con naught to
the Council. The companies of Captains Chichester, Percie,
Parsons, Garrett, and Babtist, and Sir George Bourcher, were
sent thither, making in all 19 companies at that time in Con-
naught. Wallop and Gardner departed for Dondalke.
] 3th. Letters from Sir Richard Bingham.
14th. Commission to Sir Richard Bingham for placing
soldiers in Connaught. News from Spain that the river of
Seville, overflowing, drowned 4,000 people, and did much
* harm.
19th. Letters from Sir H. Wallopp and Sir R. Gardner,
certifying the death of Sir Hugh McGennis, and that Tyrone
was staying within three miles of Dundalk for O'Donnell.
21st, et seq. The Council sat.
25th, Sunday. Mr. Daniell and Mr. Fenn preached.
26th. My Lord was advertised by the townsmen of Kells
that the rebels had taken all their cattle and hogs, which were
rescued by Captain Fleminge and his horsemen, who slew
about 30 of the rebels, 13 heads being brought in.
27th. Mr. Hoy, the gentleman usher, arrived with letters
and 12,0001. from England. He brought news of the death of
the Earl of Huntingdon, Sir Roger Williams, and Sir Thomas
Morgan.
February 2nd, 1595[-G]. Sir H. Wallop and Sir R. Gardner
returned to Dublin from parleying with Tyrone.
5th. The Earl of Ormond came to town. Phergus O'Farrel
sent in the heads of Farrell O'Banne's son and another rebel.
7th. Letters from the Lord of Delvin, " certifying of the
assault and burning of a castle, where some of the enemy were
burned and the rest killed." Sir Thomas Norris came to town,
and did his duty to my Lord. [The] Sergeant-Major returned
from Connaught with letters from Sir R. Bing[ham]. Letters
sent to England by Mr. Oldsworth.
8th, Sunday. Letters from the Earl of Clariricard. Sir
Henry Ducke died this day. The Bishop of Meath and
Mr. Fenn preached.
9th. " My Lord sat in the council of wars."
Q
242 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Russdi's Journal 10th. The Council sat " about hearing a controversy
between the Earl of Ormond and Sir Charles O'Carrell."
llth. Surley Boy came in, and did his duty to my Lord.
12th. Surley Boy invited to supper.
16th. [The] Sergeant-Major* sent with certain companies
to relieve the Cavan.
18th. Letters sent into England by Mr. Fowlkes. Sir
Kobert Gardner sent to England.
19th. Captain Bartlett married to the Lord Chancellor's
daughter.
22nd, Sunday. The Bishop of Downe and Mr. Fenn
preached. "My Lord and the Council sent Surley Boy a
black velvet mantle laid with gold lace."
24th. Letters received from Tyrone by Th. Noland.
25th. " Mr. Manneringe died, and his office of searcher-
ship my Lord bestowed of his servants, William Miller and
Kichard Griffen. Sergeant-Major returned from the Cavan."
26th. 20,000?. arrived from England, by Dudley Norton.
Mr. Manneringe buried.
March 2nd, 1595[6]. " My Lord sat in the council of war."
3rd. Sergeant- Maj or (Chichester) with other captains went
to relieve the abbey of Boyle.
4th. Mrs. Huggans died.
6th. Upon intelligence that 300 or 400 Scots and Irish
were come over the Shannon into McGoghlin's country to
burn and spoil, my Lord began his journey [thither], ac-
companied by Sir George Bowrcher, the Lord of Inssiequeene,
Sir William Clarke, Sir Edward Herbert, Sir Harry Warren,
and others. He rode to Tryme (Mr. Ashe's). Letters left at
Dublin to be carried into England by Marviliack, " the next
wind."
7th. To Mollingar (Mrs. Hope's).
8th. My Lord and Sir G. Bowrcher heard bills of complaint,
and ordered that the country should be paid for tilings taken
up for her Majesty's service.
9th. His Lordship sent his carriages to Phillipstown,
where preparation was made for his coming ; but suddenly he
took another way towards O'Moloie's country, and rode to
Durrough (Sir Edward Herbert's).
10th. To Kathmacgelduld (Tege O'Moloye's). The chief
of the O'Moloies with other gentlemen and some kearne met
my Lord, and declared that the Scots, at that instant, were
burning the country within view. His Lordship sent 100
shot with certain kearne, under the guiding of O'Moloye, over
the bogs towards them. Assisted by McGoghlin, they came
near to the Scots that night, and at break of day fell upon
them, and killed 140 of them, others being drowned in
returning over the Shannon.
* " Chichester " in the margin.
ELIZABETH. 243
1597.
Russell's Journal. Hth. My Lord rode to Cloghon, O'Madden's castle, in
Losmage, and encamped before it. O'Madden, being gone
out in action of rebellion, had left there a ward of his
principal men, who, on my Lord's approach, set three of their
nouses adjoining the castle on fire, and made shot at us. Being
summoned to yield, their answer to Captain Thomas Lea was
" that if all that came in his Lordship's company were Deputies
they would not yield," expecting some aid. That night my
Lord appointed Captain Izod to keep watch, lest the enemy
should escape by a bog adjoining the castle. About midnight
my Lord visited his watch, and understanding that some
women were in the castle, sent " and advised them to put
forth their women, for that he intended the next morning to
assault the castle with fire and sword," but they refused.
12th. The thatched roof of the castle was fired by a
soldier who cast up a firebrand, " and whilst our shot played
at their spike holes, a fire was made to the grate and door,
which smothered many of them." The soldiers made a breach
in the wall and took many alive, most of whom were cast
over the walls and so executed. 46 persons were burned and
killed. Two women and a boy were saved by my Lord's
appointment.
13th. My Lord rode to an island a mile distant, " where it
was supposed some of the cotts should be found which the
Scots got over the Shannon with." Mr. Brabson came from
Althone, with a boat manned, to seek out the cotts on the
river.
14th. My Lord having appointed 50 of Sir George
Bowrcher's soldiers with McGoghlin and his kearne for the
defence of the country, rode to Corcurr, <f where his Lordship
rested in straw that night at one Tege McFirre's house."
Letters from Sir K. Bingham.
loth. My Lord rode to the fort at Phillipstown.
16th. Sir W. Clarke despatched to England with letters.
Mr. Foulkes brought letters from England. Mr. Malbie came
from Sir Richard Bingham.
17th. Order for the repairing of Phillipstown.
18th. My Lord rode to Croghon (Sir Thomas Moore's).
19th. My Lord returned to Phillipstown, and hunted the
hare as he came. By the way the Baron of Upper Osserie
and his son met him.
20th. My Lord rode to the fort at Mary Borrough, and
dined by the way at Mr. Dempsi's, where letters were received
from England by post.
22nd. To Stradbery (Mr. GosbieY). " My Lord found to
Mr. Gosbie's eon's child, Sir Harry Warren being my Lord's
deputy for the same."
23rd. To Mounstereven (Captain Warram St. Leger's).
24th. To Dublin. My Lord dined by the wuy at the
Nas.se, between which and Dublin he was met by the Lord
Q 2
CAREW MSS.
1597.
Russell's Journal. Chancellor, Lord President, and the rest of the Council, with
the citizens of Dublin.
25th, et seq. The Council sat.
28th, Sunday. Mr. Fenn and Mr. Pilsworth preached.
29th. Mr. Garrett Moore came out of the North, and spake
with my Lord.
April 1st, 1596. My Lady rode to Kilmanum to prepare
the house against my Lord's coming.
2nd. Letters to be sent to the post of Chester for the
Court by Mr. Beeston. Captains Bearing and Russell ap-
pointed to go to Chester, receive 300 horsemen there, and see
them shipped and brought over. Certain corporals sent to
conduct over the 1,500 foot.
3rd. My Lord removed to Kilmanum.
4th, Sunday. Mr. Traverse and Mr. Fenn preached.
5th. Sir Robert Gardner returned from England. "A
Spaniard which was sent into Spain for Englishmen to redeem
the Spaniards here, returned and brought nine Englishmen
out of the galleyr, ; and for them nine Spaniards were de-
livered."
6th to 8th. Part of the soldiers landed.
8th. The Lord Chancellor and Sir H. Wallopp dined with
my Lord.
9th, Good Friday. The Lord President and Sir Geoffrey
Fenton departed for Dondalke, to treat with Tyrone, O'Donnell,
and the other principal traitors.
10th. The soldiers who lately arrived were mustered.
llth, Easter Day. The Bishop of Downe and Mr. Fenn
preached. After the Bishop's sermon in the morning, my Lord
knighted Sir John North in Christ Church.
12th. Sir Robert Napper and Sir Anthony St Leger
dined with my Lord. The Lords of Gormonston and Lowth
brought the ward of Mr. Fitz Williams before the Council.
17th. Sir Robert Needham and Captain Russell landed
with part of the companies of horse and foot.
18th. Mr. Dean Wheeler and Mr. Fenn [preached]. Letters
from the Lord President and Sir Geoffrey Fenton.
20th. My Lord viewed the horsemen on the Green. Letters
from the President and Fenton by Brimegam.
21st. The Council sat. Letters to the President and
Fenton.
22nd. Sir H. Wallop and Sir R. Gardner dined with my
Lord. Sir Edward Yorke ai-rived from England with letters.
More horsemen landed.
26th. Sir Henry N orris and Sir Robert Needham's com-
panies of horses were erected.
27th. The Lord President and Sir Geoffrey Fenton re-
turned to Dublin from the treaty with the Earl of Tyrone.
29th. Sir H. Wallop and Sir G. Fenton came to my Lord.
May 1st, 1596. The Council sat (as usual). Sir W. Clarke
ELIZABETH. 245
1597.
Russell's Journal. arrived from England with letters. News came that the
Spaniards had won Callis (Calais).
3rd. News from England of the deaths of Sir Francis
Drake, Sir John Hawckings, and Sir Nicholas Clyfford.
4th. The Lord of Delvin came to town and dined with my
Lord.
6th. Letters to England by Mr. Beeston.
8th. Sir R. Bingham came to town. Letters from Captain
Stafford, from the Newrie, certifying that Spaniards had landed
in the North with munition.
12th. News of the death of Sir John Puckering, Lord
Keeper. The Earl of Tyrone's pardon signed, and sent by
Lieutenant Banckes to be delivered to Sir Edward Moore.
1 6th. Sir Harry Norries landed.
17th. Mr. Beeston set to sea with letters, and Sir John
North also went to England.
20th. News that Mr. Gosbie, his eldest son, and five of his
men were slain in defending his town against GO of the
O'Moores. Mr. Gosbie killed Gorg O'Moore, one of the chiefest
of them. Sir Robert Napper, Sir Anthony St. Leger, and Sir
Geoffrey Fenton, with their ladies, dined with my Lord at
Kilmanum.
21st. Sir H. Wallop and Sir H. Norries came to dinner.
23rd, Sunday. Mr. Dean Wheeler and Mr. Fenn preached
(as usual). Letters from the Earl of Clanrichard and the
Mayor of Gal way, " confirming the Spaniards' landing in the
North, being 3 pinnaces, and in each 60 musketeers."
24th. One of Captain Audlei's soldiers executed for running
away.
26th. " My Lord and Lady rode abroad a hunting the
wolf."
27th. Letters to England by post. The Earl of Kildare
went to England.
29th. " Certain soldiers who ran away from their captains
were by my Lord's appointment put to cast the dice for their
lives, and one of them, who cast least, was executed."
31st. Sir R. Napper and Sir J. Fenton came to dine with
my Lord. " Captain Warran returned from the Earl of
Tyrone ; at which time the Earl sent one of his followers,
Shane McDonnell, with a letter to my Lord and the Council,
which was sent him from the King of Spain, and charged the
said Shane upon his oath, and Captain Warren upon his
promise, that the said letter should be returned without any
copy taken of the same.* The said letter was brought out
of Spain, and delivered to the Earl by one Don Olonso Cobos."
June 2nd, 1596. Letters to England carried to Chester by
Captain Roberts. The Lord President and Sir G. Fenton
departed for Connaught.
* See -2-2 January 1596.
2 3 *
246 CAREW MSS.
1597.
RttsseU'i Journal 6th, Sunday. My Lord and the Council received the
Communion. Letters from the Mayor of Galway, " who sent
an Italian to my Lord, who came into Ireland with the
Spaniards and escaped from them." After his examination
my Lord sent him into England to my Lord Treasurer.
7th. Browne, the Lord President's man (with letters),
Captain Streete, and Captain Higham landed from England.
8th. Sir R. Bingham and Sir R. Napper came to my
Lord.
10th. The Lord Chancellor and Sir Harry Wallopp dined
with my Lord, after which they sat in Council. Letters to
England by Mr. Altone Clarke.
12th. Letters from the Lord President and Sir G. Fenton.
13th. The Bishop of Downe and Mr. Fenn preached.
Letters to the President and Fenton. " Morrough McTege Oge
secretly, with a barrel of powder, lead, and match, upon one
of his L[ord ship's] horses, [went]]towards Ballenecor to Captain
Tucher; which munition was delivered there the day fol-
lowing."
loth. The Bishop of Meath came to my Lord.
16th The Lord of Delvin came.
20th. The Lord of Delvin e sent in one of the O'Farrels, a
notable rebel, who was taken and wounded by the Newgents.
He died of his wounds.
22nd. Letters and 12,000?. from England.
23rd. Letters to England. My Lord and Lady rode to
Rafarnam " to see the house." Letters from the Lord of Delvin
and the rest of the Commissioners brought by Captain Streete.
Baron Elliot came to tell my Lord " how Sir Edward Moore,
being one of the Commissioners, had been to bring the Earl of
Tyrone his pardon ; who, before his coming, had taken a
journey into the uttermost part of his country."
26th. Captain Warren affirmed before the Council " that
he had not given his oath to the Earl of Tyrone for returning
the King of Spain's letter."
28th. Letters from the Lord President and Fenton.
July 1st, 1596. Letters from the Lord President and
Fenton, " declaring that they of Connaught had deferred their
meeting for a month." Mr. Henry Broune despatched into
England with letters. Sir Robert Napper and his Lady
went to England.
2nd. Letters from the Mayor of Galway.
4th, Sunday. Letters from the Lord President and Fenton.
My Lord and the Council received the Communion.
5th. Sir H. Wallop and Sir R. Gardner dined with my
Lord.
6th. The Sergeant-Major returned out of Connaught.
7th. Wallop, Gardner, and Sir Robert Dillon came to my
Lord. Order for sending 2,OOOZ. to the Lord President
(Norris) in Connaught, to pay the companies there.
8th. Eight ships seen at anchor beyond the head of Hawth.
ELIZABETH. 247
1597.
Russell's Journal. Mr. Hoye and Gryffen, being sent to know what they were,
brought word they were Scots.
9th. Letters from the Lord President. Sir Geoffrey Fenton
returned from Connaught. Letters to England (frequently).
13th. Wallop and Gardner came to my Lord.
15th. News that the Garradines had burnt a town of
Captain Lea's.
16th. Letters to England. Order for the making up of
certain Irish companies into hundreds.
18th. News of the capture, sack, and burning of Gales
Cadiz) by the Earl of Essex. The Lord of Delvin came to
my Lord.
19th. Divers Irish Lords appeared before the Council
about the general hosting. News that Tyrone had received
his pardon.
20th. Lords Delvin and Gormonston came.
22nd. " Letters received from the Commissioners, con-
firming that the Earl had received his pardon (after much
debating) with humility and reverence, protesting all faith-
fulness and duty to .do her Majesty service ; but he refused to
take his oath to forsake all foreign aid."
24th. Marviliack returned with letters from Sir Robert
Cecill, who was chosen her Majesty's principal secretary.
Mr. Wiseman and O'Connor Sligo also came over.
26th. Sir H. Norries returned from Connaught.
August 2nd, 1596. Sir G. Fenton departed for Connaught.
5th. Letters from the Mayor of Waterford.
6th. " The news of the Earl of Essex confirmed from
Waterford and Milford."
8th. Sir Henry Norris set to sea for England ; and my
Lord sent Morgan over with hawks and horses.
9th. The Sergeant-Major (Chichester) went into Con-
naught.
10th. My Lord rode with Sir R Gardner, Sir K. Bingham,
and Sir G. Bowrcher to the Lord Chancellor's at Kafamain,
where they sat in Council.
llth. Letters from the Lord President and Sir G. Fenton
in Connaught, giving hope of peace, and certifying " that the
army goeth not forward on the 6th of August as was appointed
by them."
12th. Letters from Lieut. Greame, who certified that
Feagh McHugh had received letters from the Earl of Tyrone,
" and that himself feared to be burnt every night."
13th. Sir H. Wallop and Sir R. Gardner came to
Killmaneham, and dined with my Lord.
14th. Letters from the Lord President and Sir G. Fenton
" doubting of the peace." Letters to England by post.
Letters from Captain Tucher " that James Butler had taken
five of the Captain's his men and hanged them."
16th. Letters to England by Mr. Wiseman.
248 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Journal. 18th. Captain Thornton returned from sea. Sir Charles
O'Carrell sent in his brother and two others according to my
Lord's appointment, and desired that the Earl of Ormond
might send in James Butler and the rest, " which were principal
men [who] had done him wrong."
19th. Letters from the Lord President and Fenton.
21st. Letters from Sir E. Moore. Captain Lea returned
from the Earl of Tyrone.
23rd. Letters from Sir Thomas Norries.
25th. My Lord of Delvin came to dinner.
26th. " Mr. Strawbridge and my fellow Gryffen took a
seminary priest in Dublin," who was committed to the
Castle.
27th. Letters from Justice Walshe, " that a female child
was brought before him dead with two heads upon one body,
which he sent to Waterford."
28th. Letters to England by Marviliack. News of the
deaths of Lord Hunsdon and Sir Francis Knowles, and of the
return of the Earl of Essex with our navy.*
September 2nd, 1596. " My Lord and Lady with the Lady
Bowrcher rode a hawking."
3rd. Sir Kobert Dillon came to my Lord.
5th, Sunday. My Lord and the Council received the
Communion at Christ Church. Mr. Howson and Mr. Fenn
preached. The Sergeant-Major returned from Connaught with
letters from the Lord President.
6th The Lord of Delvin sent in three of the O'Farrels'
heads.
7th. " My Lord and Lady walked abroad to see fish
taken."
8th. Sir Anthony St. Leger came to my Lord.
9th. Lieut. Beeston was sent by my Lord with Sir Robert
Needham's horsemen to convey munition to Ballenecor. They
were attacked at the pass near Radrome by some of Feagh
McHugh's followers, one man being slain and two or three
hurt, but the munition was saved and brought back. Captain
Tucher having sent some of his men to meet the munition,
Feagh in their absence assaulted the fort, won it by the
treachery of a sergeant, took Captain Tucher prisoner, and
razed the fort to the ground. My Lord sent the Sergeant-
Major (Chichester) and Captain Lea with 200 foot and
40 horse to Ballenecor, but at Newcastle hearing that the fort
was lost, they returned.
10th. Letters from the Earl of Ormond.
12th. "This night, being windy and dai'k, between 11 and
12 of the clock, certain cows of Kilmanum town, breaking out
of a banne, and running away, one of the town raised the.
* Here follows a " report of the voyage." (See June 1596.)
ELIZABETH. 249
1597.
Russell's journal. cry, whereat my Lord and the household rose, and put our-
selves in arms, supposing some treachery."
14th. Letters from Ormond and Captain Mountague.
loth. Letters from England by one of Sir Henry Norries's
men and by Mr. Garrett, of Dublin.
16th. Mr. Henry Browne returned from England.
18. My Lord began his journey to Rathdrome, and rode to
Old Courte, where he encamped, being accompanied by Sir
Edward Yorke, Sir William Clarke, the Sergeant-Major (Chi-
chester), Captains Peirsey, Marya Winckfield, Rus'sell, and
others.
19th, Sunday. Marched to Newraff.
20th. To Rathdrome. Here two or three in fetching wood
were cut off by the rebels, one of them being Cassie, my Lord's
messenger, " who was found sore mangled."
21st. " My Lord continued at Rathdrome, and began to
fortify the church, intending to leave a garrison there. In the
afternoon his Lordship rode towards the woods, and appointed
certain houses adjoining thereunto to be pulled down for
timber to fortify with ; but the rebels lying close in the wood
gave us a volley of shot ; whereupon my Lord sent the Sergeant-
Major and Captain Street to entertain skirmish with them,
which they did for the space of half an hour." Captain Moun-
tague and Garrett Fleminge parleyed with Feagh McHugh.
22nd. Captain Tucher's sergeant was executed near the
camp for treachery and cowardice in yielding up the fort of
Ballenecor. Two soldiers executed at Dublin for the same.
23rd. -Letters brought from Dublin by Philip Hore, "about
the dividing of the treasure of 1 5,000?., whereof 8.000?. was
borrowed here and repaid by my Lord Treasurer's direction
out of England."
24th. " About one of the clock this morning my Lord
appointed CaptainLea with his companies of foot and keame to
rise, and to lodge as near the enemy (beyond them) as he could.
Then my Lord rose by break of day with 200 foot and 50 horse,
and marched towards Ballenecor with drums beating and
ancients spread ; and drawing near the ford, the rebels raised
the cry, and made show on the hill by Balleuecor about 100
strong, besides GO and upwards of their best shot, [and] drew
down to the ford to meet us there at the bridge. Notwithstand-
ing they lay at rest there for us, and played upon us, yet our
soldiers behaved themselves so well as that we drove them
from their stand, and recovered over the ford with small loss
and some hurt. Then Captain Lea came to my Lord, who
could not recover beyond them without descrying ; whereupon
my Lord sent him and Captain Streete another way into the
Glynnes to meet with them ; and coming to a town of Feaghe's,
named Farrenerren, they burned it, and in returning from
thence the rebels skirmished with them about an hour, whilst
my Lord with liis horse stood upon the mountain. After
250 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Bnwell's Journal. which, in coming to the camp the same way, my Lord
appointed certain houses adjoining to the wood to be set on
fire." Sir John DowdalTs and Captain Higham's companies
came to the camp.
25th. Sir Richard Bingham departed for England without
my Lord's leave.
26th. Letters from Mr. H. Browne (at Dublin), who was
going with letters to England.
28th. My Lord rode to the woods, to fetch timber for
fortification. Mr. Mastersonne and Mr. Dudley Norton came
to the camp.
29th. Captain Lea was sent out with companies upon
service.
30th. Captain Mountague returned with two prisoners,
and Captain Lea with a prey of 80 cows taken from the
rebels.
October 1st, 1596. The Earl of Thomond came to the
camp. The two prisoners were executed, " and a horseboy of
my Lord's for stealing a soldier's sword."
2nd. The Earl of Thomond returned to Dublin. Letters
to England and to the Lord President.
3rd. The Earl of Ormond came to the camp with 100 horse,
and after conference with my Lord returned to the rest of his
company, 200 foot, and encamped two miles distant. About
midnight my Lord sent out the Sergeant-Major and Captain
Lea with our foot companies two several ways into the
Glynnes, and by daybreak of the 4th " rose with 50 horse, and
rode through part of the Glynnes up to the mountains, some
six miles, where we met with the Sergeant-Major and his com-
pany, who had been discovered by the rebels ; and, drawing
together further on the mountain side, we descried about 100
of the enemy in two companies, which showed themselves on
the Glynne side. And my Lord, knowing there would be no
service performed without great disadvantage, commanded the
Sergeant-Major to draw back ; and in returning towards the
camp we espied Captain Lea on the mountain by Ballenecor,
standing with a prey of 300 cows and upwards, which he had
taken from other of the rebels, and stayed there till my Lord
drew down to the ford to assist him." We brought the prey
safe to the camp.
Gth. The Sergeant- Major, with some companies of foot,
sent out upon service.
7th. The Sergeant-Major returned with 80 cows and a
prisoner, a follower of Feagh's, named Hugh Boye, with his
daughter. On receipt of letters from England, my Lord " sent
post to the Lord President into Connaught."
8th. My Lord departed for Dublin, leaving the camp at
Rathdrome under the command of the Sergeant-Major (Chi-
chester), wlio went on witli the fortification.
1 Ith to loth. My Lord and the Council sat.
10th. My Lurd returned to the ctnup from Dublin.
ELIZABETH. 35 [
1597.
Russell's Journal. 17th. Sir George Bowrchier came to the camp.
18th. Sir John North and Sir John Bowles, with their
foot companies, each 100 strong, came to the camp.
19th. My Lord sent the Sergeant-Major into the O'Birnes'
country for beeves, who returned with 100 cows. A muster
taken before my Lord. The Sheriff of Kildare sent in a
prisoner, who was with Feagh at the taking of Ballenecor.
He was executed near the camp. The Lord of Dunkellie and
Mr. Newgent came to the camp.
20th. Lieut. Flower and John Mastersone sent with some
companies on service.
21st. Captain Lea sent with some companies on service.
23rd. Captain Lea, in returning to the camp with a prey
of 80 cows, was fought with by the rebels at the ford at Balle-
necor. My Lord, being abroad and hearing the skirmish, went
in person to relieve him, and brought the prey to the camp.
We had 9 or 10 slain and 20 hurt.
24th, Sunday. Mr. Dean Wheeler preached. Letters from
England by Marviliacke brought to the camp by Thomas
Belfield.
25th. The Sergeant-Major and Captain Lea sent abroad
upon service Sir George Bowrchier rode to Dublin with
Mr. Cooke.
27th. Captain Flemming came to the camp.
28th. Letters from Lieut. Flower and Captain Greemes,
that they had taken 80 cows from the Butlers, and the castle
of Newston, where they left a ward.
29th. " My Lord received a packet of letters by Mr. Master-
sonne, which came from the rector of the Irish seminary of
Salamanca, brought to Waterford by one Father Archer, who
went here in the name of Bowman ; which lettei-s were
received by one Devorexe, of Waterford, whom my Lord com-
mitted." Captain Flemming's horsemen cut off one rebel's
head, and took another prisoner. Lieut. Flower returned.
30th. This night the Sergeant-Major and Captain Lea were
sent abroad, and on Sunday, the 31st, by break of day my
Lord went with his company of horse, and met them
returning with 300 cows and CO garrons, " and had the killing
of 8 of the rebels, the chiefest of whom was Cahire Glasse
O'Toole."
November 1st, 1596. "This night, at the setting of the
watch, six soldiers of Sir John Bowles and Sir Thomas North's
companies, which had run away from their colours, were put
to cast the dice for their lives, and one of Sir Thomas North's
company, who cast least, was executed." Captain Mouutague
and Lieut. Flower sent abroad on service.
2nd. Sir Henry Bagnall came to the camp. Phelim Mc-
Feagh's foster-brother brought in as a prisoner.
3rd. Sir H. Bagnall returned to Dublin. Letters from the
Council at Dublin by the pursuivant Farrell.
252
CAREW MSS.
1597.
Russell's Journal. 4to - Mr. Cooke sent to Dublin. Phelim McFeagh's foster
brother executed.
5th. " My Lord rode abroad unto the Glynn side, where
he lighted upon some of the enemy unaware, but being near
their fastness, no service could be done upon them. About
midnight three or four shott of the enemy discharged into our
camp, whereat the alarm had like to have been taken."
6th. Sir Edward Bowes came to the camp with his com-
pany, 100 strong. Victuals brought fiom Dublin by Thomas
Belfield. Lieuts. Flower and Vaughan sent to Tullie and
Newston with companies.
9th. Sir William Clarke went to Dublin.
10th. Captain Lea, in returning to the camp over the ford
at Ballenecor with 40 cows, was skirmished with by the rebels,
and forced to stay till my Lord relieved him.
12th. "Lieut. Flower returned from Tully, where Lieut.
Vaughan and six of his soldiers were treacherously by the
enemy slain, and two of his brothers sore hurt."
13th. Lieut. North and his company were put into the
fort [at Rathdrome] till Captain Lea returned from the
Glynnes, when he and Lieut. Flower were appointed to keep
the same. Sir Urian Leigh arrived with his: company, bring-
ing one of Feagh's followers prisoner from Dublin.
14th, Sunday. The camp moved from Rathdrome toBoylie
Boye, the entry into the main Glynnes. Captain Trevers'
company were sent back to the Newrie.
loth. The Sergeant-Major (Chichester) and Captain Lea
entered the Glynnes before day. " And by daylight his
Lordship drew to the north side of Glan-Malorrighe with his
company of horse and some shot, which he thrust into the
Glynnes, and drew all along even home to the camp, the
enemy making no fight upon any part of our forces to hurt."
Captain Lea, passing through the Glynnes on the further side,
had taken 200 cows, which he brought to the camp by the
bridge of Ballenecor.
16th. In consequence of heavy rains the camp was raised,
and we marched over the bridge at Ballenecor with all the
carriages, and through two bad passes to Rasthane, near Glan-
Lurkin. My Lord appointed Feagh McHugh's pledges, one of
them being his base son, to be executed, with one other of his
followers.
17th. Marched to Hacketts-town.
18th. Mr. Harepoole came to my Lord.
19th" The camp removed to Tullie. The Earl of Orinond
was in fight the same day with the Butlers that were out, and
burnt about theBriskloe in our sight. This night the Sergeant-
Major and Captain Lea were sent out with companies to do
some service upon the Butlers, and, lighting upon the Earl's
camp, returned from him iu the morning. In the meantime
Mr. Ilarpoole had taken a prey from the Butlers."
ELIZABETH. 253
1597.
Russell's Journal. 20th. The Earl of Ormond came to my Lord, and returned
to his camp about the Bri&kloe. Letters from the Council at
Dublin by Morgan Birne.
21st. News that Captains St. Leger's and Marshall's com-
panies had done some service upon the rebels in Leixe.
22nd. Letters to England by Mr. Sparke. My Lord rode
to Newston and relieved the ward there. The Earl of Tho-
mond, Donogh Spannio, and other Cavanaghs came to my
Lord.
23rd. The following companies sent to their places of gar-
rison : Sir John Bowles's to Carickfergus, Sir Edward Bowes's
to the Nasse, and Sir Urian Leigh's to Droheda. The Earl of
Thomond went with his company to garrison at Kilkenney.
24th. Captain St. Leger came to my Lord and returned.
25th. Letters from the Lord Chancellor aud Council by
Thady Farrall, the pursuivant.
26th. Letters brought by Mastersonne from the suffiran of
Rosse, that 17 ships, containing 5,000 Spaniards, coming to
Ireland, were all cast away by tempestuous weather. This was
confirmed by the Mayor of Waterford's letters.
27th. My Lord removed to Boulton, leaving the Sergeant-
Major in command of several companies at Tullie.
28th. To the Nasse (Mr. Coolie's).
29fch. The Earl of Kildare came to my Lord, who then rode
to Dublin. The Council and citizens met my Lord by the
way.
30th, et seq. The Council sat.
December 1st, 1596. Justice Dillon committed to the
Castle.
4th. " This day Chambers died, and his office of the keep-
ing of Kilmamim my Lord bestowed of Mr. John Hoye, who
was married this day to Mrs. Grace Cade, my Lady's woman."
5th, Sunday. Mr. Dean Wheeler and Mr. Fenn preached.
My Lord and the Council received the Communion.
6th. Captain Follyott committed to the Castle upon a
complaint made by one of the Lord Chancellor's tenants.
7th. Divers of the Irish lords met before the Council.
8th. Letters from the Earl of Tyrone brought by Thadie
Farrall.
10th. Samuel Norton (with letters) and Sir Robert Gard-
ner went to England.
12th. Mr. Fenn and Mr. Graves preached.
13th. The Mayor of Dublin mustered the citizens.
14th. Letters from Captain Mountague that Captain
Thomas Lea, in coming from Wicklowe with victuals to the
fort at Rathdrome, was set upon at a ford a mile from the fort
by Feagh McHugh, but, with the help of some horsemen of the
O'Birnes' country, killed 30 of the rebels, among whom were
Morris Duffe, Feagh's nephew and secretary, and Edmond
McShane, his uncle.
15th. Captain Lea sent in 17 traitors' heads.
254 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Roweir* Journal. 16th. Letters from the Baron of Delvin.
17th. Letters from the Earl of Tyrone by Captain William
Warren. Letters from the Lord President (Norris), the Lord
of Louth, and Sir H. Bagnall.
18th. The Lord President came to Dublin from Connaught.
20th. Crosse, Mr. Treasurer's man, arrived with 20,000.
from England.
23rd, Thursday. Mr. Fenn preached.
24th. Letters from the Sergeant-Major. "A soldier,
counterfeiting a warrant of Captain Hugh Moystion's and
naming himself to be one Hoy, for extortion and wounding a
tenant of Mr. Finglasse's," was executed by martial law.
25th, " Christide." Dean Wheeler preached.
26th, Sunday. Mr. Hughson and Mr. Fenn preached.
Letters from Sir H. Bagnall, that the Earl of Tyrone was
encamped with 5,000 men within a mile of the Newrie.
28th. " A dyffident was signed for the captains."
29th. Lord Delvin came to Dublin.
31st. " Captain Warram St. Leger certified my Lord that his
company and Captain Marshal's met with one Captain Tyrrell,
who was out in action in Leaxie, where they had the killing of
eight of the rebels, besides the taking of their munition."
January 2nd, 1596[-7]. Letters from Captain Maria
Winckfield, that Turlagh McHenry, captain of the Fewes, had
taken Captains Baker and Gwest prisoners.
4th. Sir ConniajYJs Clyfferd, Sir Thomas Jerman, Sir
Stephen Thornexe, and Sir Christopher St. Lawrance landed
at Dublin.
Gth. Sir Connia[r]s Clyfford u received his oath " before
the Council, and was appointed governor of Connaught.
7th. Letters from the Lord of Louth and Captain Warren
brought by Farrell.
9th, Sunday. Dr. Hanmer and Mr. Fenn preached,
llth. The Sergeant-Major (Chichester) came to Dublin
from Tully.
13th. " A packet of letters sent into England by post, and
brought back again by turning of the wind."
14th. The Lord President departed to victual Ardmagh,
accompanied by Sir George Bourchier and Sir Geoffrey
Fenton.
10th, Sunday. The Lord Chancellor (Archbishop Loftus)
and Mr. Fenn preached. Letters received from Galway.
17th. Seven Englishmen, sent from Spain to redeem so
many Spanish prisoners, arrived at Cork. Their names were
Wright, Hughes. Gage, Rogers, Byrche, Kellie, and Dixon.
They had money given them, and were sent to England.
18th. Letters from Connaught, that upon O'Doimell's
coming into that province most of the people revolted again.
2()th. Letters from the Earl of Clanricard, that O'Donneli
was come into the country of Clanricard, with 3,000 foot and
200 horse, burning and spoiling.
ELIZABETH. 255
1597.
Russell's Journal. 2 1st. Mr. Henry Browne arrived with letters [from Eng-
land]. The Lord Borrowgh coming to be Deputy.
23rd. Letters from Sir G. Fenton, "that the Earl of Tyrone
had suffered Ardmagh to be victualled with three of our com-
panies, for the performance of which the said Earl had delivered
in pledges." Mr. Thomas Horewell sent to England with
letters.
24th. Letters from Galway. Mr. Molinex, Chancellor of
the Exchequer, died, and my Lord bestowed that office on
Mr. Richard Cooke, his secretary.
25th. Captains Russell and Mountague returned from the
Lord President.
2Cth. The Lord President and Sir G. Fenton returned from
Dundalke. " Captain Henry Streete sent in 35 heads of the
rebels of the Breney, besides 10 more of the rebels' heads
which were stolen away ; all which he had the cutting off in
the town of Kells, where he lay in garrison, they attempting
the town in the night."
The Council sat almost daily.
February 3rd, 1596[-7]. Lord Mountgarrett brought
before the Council.
4th. Sir Edward Stanley and Lady Clyfford landed from
England at " the Ring's end."
8th. Sir Conniars Clyfford departed for Connaught. Let-
ters to England by Bignell, the Treasurer's man.
13th, Sunday. Sir Conniars Clyfford's chaplain and Mr.
Fenn preached.
19th. Letters to England by John Fowlkes. My Lord
began his journey towards Catherlough, and rode to the Nasse.
20th. To Catherlough, where my Lord lay, at the Castle,
Mr. Harpoole's.
21st. A seminary priest named Lee, who this day said mass
at Lawghlin bridge, was taken by a soldier, examined, and
committed to the custody of the Provost.
22nd. The Sergeant-Major and Captain St. Leger came to
my Lord. Captain Lee also came, and certified that he had
taken 200 cows and 50 garrones from Feagh McHugh.
23rd. The Earls of Ormond and Thomond, the Lord of
Doneboyne, and others dined with my Lord. Letters from
England.
24th. Letters despatched to Limerick, Ross, Cork, Water-
ford, and all other ports for restraining shipping from going to
any part of Spain.
25th. Sir G. Fenton sent news of the overthrow of 2,300
Spaniards in Brabant by the States.
27th. Edinond Keting committed.
2Sth. My Lord removed to Tullagh. Letters from England
brought by Moore the pursuivant from Dublin.
March 1st, 1590[-7]. Captain Russell, Mr. Cob, and Mr.
Cooke came from Dublin. Letters to the Lord President, the
Lord Chancellor, and the Council at Dublin.
CAREW MSS.
1597.
Russell's Journal. 2nd. To Haggard stown. Captain Richard Greeraes took a
spy.
3rd. Over the mountains to Farrenerren. The Sergeant-
Major with 200 soldiers had a light skirmish with the enemy,
nnd took from them 50 cows, and brought in the head of one of
their best shot.
4th. " My Lord marched from Farrenerren to Ballenecor,
and passed over the bridge ; and from thence proceeded for-
wards over the mountain into the deepest bottom of the Glynne
with carriages, where his Lordship dined; after which he
knighted the Sergeant-Major, Sir John Chichester, being the
place where Sir Peter Carew was slain in the Lord Graie's
time. Then his Lordship returned another way through the
Glynes, up a mighty rock and bad pass, which, God be thanked,
with much ado we safely passed, without any annoyance from
the enemy, to our camp at Farrenerren."
5th. My Lord marched to Catherlough. Letters from the
Council at Dublin by Stanley, pursuivant. Letters from Cap-
tain Henry Street.
6th. Letters to the Council at Dublin, desiring to know
what time was appointed for the Commissioners' meeting with
the Earl of Tyrone at Dundalke, and promising if requisite
to be at Dublin before their going, for furnishing the army to
attend them. The sub-sheriff of the county of Catherlough
was committed for abuse in gathering up corn in the country.
Captains Montague and Richard Greemes brought in the
heads of Dermond McOwen and Caire Glasse O'Birne, of
Feagh's sept, and took a prey of 60 cows.
8th. My Lord rode to Lawghlin, Captain Warham St.
Leger's, where he was honourably entertained.
9th. The Earl of Ormond came to Lawghlin. My Lord
passed his word under his hand to the Earl of Ormond and
Captain St. Leger, that if Garrett McMortaugh would cut off
20 of the kearnes, being rebels, he should have his pardon.
My Lord returned to Cathcrlough. ;
10th. Mr. Harpoole's men brought in from the Brisklow
the heads of Geff. Tobie and Patrick Duffe, followers of the
Butlers out in action, and a prisoner named Nicholas Tobie,
foster-brother to Peirse Butler ; " who, being examined, would
not confess anything against the Butlers, or where they usually
abode."
llth. Patrick Moore, a prisoner, executed by martial law.
12th. My Lord rose by 3 o'clock in the morning, and rode
towards the Brisklowe, where he had appointed three foot
companies to meet him, and beat through some of the rebels'
fastnesses, but none could be found, as they had gone beyond
the mountains. Some of our soldiers lighted on 1 6 rebels, one
of whom, named Caroe McDonnell Cavanagh, uncle to Feagh's
sons, was taken prisoner.
13th. Letters from the Council at Dublin that six lasts of
gunpowder, containing 140 barrels, lying at the Crane in
ELIZABETH. 25?
1597.
Russell's Journal. Dublin, had by some negligence exploded, blowing up many
houses adjoining, and killing many people. Mr. Harpole
received a letter from Peirse Butler, asking for my Lord's
protection.
14th. My Lord rode to the Nasse.
15th. To Dublin. The Chancellor and Council, with Mr.
William Lane, Mr. Brounkett, and others, met his Lordship.
The Council sat.
16th. Captain Lea sent in two traitors' heads. Phelim
O'Toole brought in one head, and took Turlagh O'Birne, one of
Feagh's followers, prisoner.
17th, Thursday. My Lord sent for Mr. William Lane and
Mr. Brounkett, to speak with them. Mr. Fenn preached in
the chapel. Captain Persie came to my Lord.
22nd. The Earl of Kildare came to my Lord. Brian
Reagh's brother's head brought in by the Earl of Kildare's
lieutenant. A prisoner named Morris McHugh Cavanagh
brought in by Captain Kellie. Letters from Molmorie O'Reylie,
promising to perform some service in the Breney.
25th, Good Friday, 1597. Letters to England by Lieutenant
Fysher. The Lord President went to Dondalke to parley
with the Earl of Tyrone, Captain Richard Greames brought
in three traitors' heads and four prisoners, one of them son to
Hugh Cancoe.
27th, Easter Day. After the sermon in St. Patrick's my
Lord knighted Mr. William Lane.
30th. Captain Lea sent in the heads of James Butler,
nephew to the Earl of Ormond, and two others. Letters
from Sir Conniers Clyfford out of Connaught.
April 1st, 1597. Letters to the Governor of Connaught.
3rd, Sunday. The Bishop of Lawghlin and Mr. Fenn
preached.
4th. Captain Thomas Maria Wingfield came from Dondalk.
Captain R. Greemes sent in one John Eustace, sometime his
lieutenant, who had conspired to betray him and his castle to
the rebels, as a prisoner, and also two traitors' heads, one of
them being Hugh Duffe's brother.
5th. Peirse Fitz James, sheriff of Catherlough, sent in 13
of the traitors' heads.
7th. Marviliack went to England with letters. Sir G.
Fenton and Sir G. Bowrchier rode to Dundalk to the Lord
President.
8th. Captain Trever landed from England with letters
from the Countess of Warwick and others.
llth. Sir William Lane went to England.
13th. Two ships of Dublin arrived from Spain, bringing
my Lord intelligence from thence.
14th. Letters from the Earl of Ormond, that one Tirlagh
Oge McHenry, with eight more rebels, was killed by his men
two days before,
s. 24 R
258
CAREW MSS.
RusaeU's Journal. 15th. My Lord sat in the Star Chamber hearing a cause
between Mr. Edgerton and Captain Mansfield. Mr. Edgerton
was fined 100 marks for a riot, and committed to prison. John
Ball, sergeant-at-arms, provost-marshal of Connaught, and
marshal of the Four Courts, died. My Lord bestowed the
first office on John Hoye, his gentleman usher, the second on
Captain Lea, and the third on Mr. Gwilliams, his treasurer.
IGth. Letters to Captain M. Wingfield, at Dondalke.
20th. Mr. Richard Mastersonn brought in the heads of 3 2
of Feagh McHughe's followers, having also committed seven
prisoners to the castle of Wexford. My Lord sent Mr.
Richard Cooke, his secretary, with letters to England. My
Lord sat in the Star Chamber about ordering a cause between
the Bishop of Lawghlin and Mr. Sheffield.
21st. Sir G. Fenton and Sir G, Bowrchier returned to
Dublin. Letters from the Earl of Ormond, " that his men
had taken six prisoners that were traitors in Munster with
Morogh McShehy."
22nd. A packet of letters sent to England by post, and
carried to Chester by the Bishop of Lawghlin.
24th, Sunday. The Lord Primate and Mr. Fenn preached.
30th. Letters received from my Lord Borrough by Dakings,
his servant, who was sent over before to make provision. One
of Hugh Cancoe's sons and two other rebels executed by
martial law.
May 1st, 1597, Sunday. Letters from the Earl of Essex
and the Countess of Warwick brought by Lieut. Fisher. Sir
Peirse FitzJames's son sent in another of Hugh Cancoe's sons.
Mr. Huson and Mr. Fenn preached. Captain Goodwyn died.
3rd. Captain Thornton sent to sea with the Queen's pin-
nace for the Lord Burgh.
5th. Letters from the Lord President (Sir John Norris),
" that the Earl of Tyrone had deferred his meeting with him
till the last of May, till which time a peace was prolonged,
at the expiration of which the Earl promised to meet the
Lord President in Dundalk, and deliver in his son as a pledge."
The Earl of Ormond sent in 24 traitors' heads.
Cth. " My Lord sat in the Castle Chamber, where Captain
Norries's cause was heard, who was adjudged (for speaking
most heinous speeches against her Majesty's person) to be
brought to the pillory with a paper on his head declaring his
offence, and there to lose both his ears, to pay 500Z. Irish for
a fine, and to endure perpetual imprisonment." Widow Hope
was fined 200Z. Irish, and imprisoned, for the escape of the
Newgents from Mollingar gaol.
7th. Sir Thomas Jerman went with letters to the Council
in England. My Lord took his last journey towards the
Glynnes, in prosecution of Feagh McHughe, and rode to
Rathdrome, where the foot companies met him.
8th, Sunday. Early in the morning our foot entered the
ELIZABETH. 259
1597.
Russell's Journal. Glynnes, and fell into that quarter where Feagh McHugh
lay ; " and coming several ways on him, it pleased God to
deliver him into our hands, being so hardly followed as that
he was run out of breath, and forced to take a cave, where
one Milborne, sergeant to Captain Lea, first lighted on him,
and the fury of our soldiers was so great as he could not be
brought away alive; thereupon the said sergeant cut off
Feagh's head with his own sword and presented his head to
my Lord, which with his carcass was brought to Dublin, to
the great comfort and joy of all that province." Many of
his followers were slain, and 200 cows were taken, with much
pillage, which was divided among the soldiers. My Lord
returned to Rathdrome, and there before the fort knighted Sir
Calistinas Brooke, Sir Thomas Maria Wingfeild, and Sir
Richard Trever.
9th. My Lord rode to Dublin. All the way the people
of the country met him with great joy and gladness, and, as
their manner is, bestowed many blessings on him for perform-
ing so good a deed, and delivering them from their long
oppressions." The Council, divers noblemen, and the citizens
of Dublin, with many others, met his Lordship, and he was
welcomed with universal joy.
10th, et seq. The Council sat. Several of the foot com-
panies landed.
loth. "The Lord Burgh landed at , and came to
Dublin, where he was invited to supper at the mayor's, after
which his Lordship went to his lodging to St. Mary Abbey,
at Sir George Bowrcher's house." 24,000?. and divers foot
companies landed. Marviliacke brought private letters from
England.
16th. Dermond McNorris sent in five heads of Feagh's
followers. " My Lord removed this night from the Castle to
lie at Mr. Usher's house at the bridge foot, whereby the Castle
might be made ready for the Lord Burgh against he should
receive the sword/' The Lord Burgh came to visit my Lord.
17th. My Lord and the Council sat, "where the Lord
Burgh came, and delivered her Majesty's instructions." After
supper my Lord went to the Lord Burgh's lodging, where
they conferred together.
18th to 21st. My Lord and the Council sat.
19th. Sir John Chichester sent in the heads of one Conner
O'Kennedie and seven others of Feagh McHugh's followers.
Mr. Cooke, "our" secretary, landed with letters from England.
Letters from the Earl of Orniond that he had lately cut off
12 of the rebels by martial law, and kept four others prisoners.
The Lord President (Norris) came to Dublin.
2lst. " My Lord and the Council sat in the afternoon,
after which my Lord went to St. Mary Abbey to the Lord
Burgh." The Earl of Ormond took his nephew Peirse Butler,
executed him, and sent his head to Dublin.
22nd, Sunday. The Lord Chancellor (Archbishop Loftus)
B 2
260
1597.
Kussell'g Journal.
CAREW MSS.
Vol. 601. p. 123.
and Mr. Fenn preached. After the sermon ray Lord delivered
up the sword to the Lord Burgh in St. Patrick's Church, and
dined with him at St. Mary Abbey, " where the feast was
kept." After dinner they sat in Council there about the
" establishment."
23rd. The Lord Deputy and Council met at St. Mary
Abbey and sent for my Lord, who, after some consultations,
departed.
24th. My Lord went to the Lord Deputy and Council at
St. Mary Abbey. Divers lords, knights, and gentlemen came
to take their leave of my Lord.
26th. My Lord departed from Dublin, being accompanied
to the waterside by the Lord Chancellor and the rest of the
Council, the mayor, sheriffs, and citizens of Dublin, and divers
captains. " This evening we hoist sail, and the day following,
being Friday, 27th, his Lordship landed at Ormshead, where
his Lordship lay at Mr. Rowland Moystion's in Wales."
Pp. 117.
2. Abstract of the preeouing, entitled " A brief Journal of
the services in Ireland during the deputation of Sir William
Russell, extracted out of his own Journal-Book."
Pp. 22,
[June.] 271. The ENGLISH PALE.
Vol. 632, p. 163. A Declaration of the present State of the English Pale of
Ireland, and of many the causes which have brought
the same to misery and extreme distress."
Cos. Louth, Meath (north and west the Boyne),Westmeath,
Kildare, and Dublin (south of the Lyffye) are for the most
part " spoiled, wasted, and consumed by burning or otherwise,
save some castles in each of the said shires, where the owners
do shroud themselves from the rebels, which they cannot long
hold without your Majesty's speedy relief." This waste has
been caused by the incursions of the rebels, the daily outrages
and disorders of soldiers, and the burthens imposed by the
governors, the Council, and commanders.
Louth is continually spoiled and overrun by the arch-traitor
Tyrone, the McMahones, and their confederates. The said
McMahones, the Relies, O'Rowrck, O'Ferrall Bane, the McGog-
heghanes, O'Melaughlin, the Nugents, and one Tyrrill, with
some places under his command, sent from Tyrone, have con-
tinually spoiled and burned Meath and Westmeath. The
Kavanaughes, Birnes, Tooles, Moo res, Connors, "Bastards Giral-
dines," and the Demsyes have spoiled and burned Kildare, part
of co. Dublin, and the south and east parts of co. Meath.
" This [was] done without resistance of your Majesty's
forces, who might have stopped many of these mischiefs, if
such as were placed in garrisons thereabouts had performed
their duties, which they commonly forbear, alleging they were
only to guard the garrison places, and not leave the same."
ELIZABETH. 26l
1597.
Moreover, the soldiers have, contrary to your pleasure, not
much [less] consumed, impoverished, and annoyed the Pale than
the traitors. " The horse companies, in their passing through
the same, every man most commonly hath double horses, some
officers treble, each of them one boy, and some two, travelling
not past four miles in the day and that not directly, but
crossing the country to and fro wasting, with their lingering
journeys, the inhabitants' corn excessively with their horses,
and their goods with their extortion. The foot companies
likewise, observing the same course in travelling, most com-
monly, not above two or three miles in the day, though their
appointed garrisons be not past ten miles off, yet do they go
30 miles about, being followed and accompanied as they go
through the Pale, eacli soldier with his boy at least, and for a
great part with their women, and many horses, as well of
their own as of the country, violently taken from the owners,
to carry them, their children, and women, placing themselves
at their pleasures, exacting meat and drink far more than
competent, and commonly money from them ; their boys,
women, and followers much exceeding the people's ability,
taking money from their officers after a double rate, whereof
amongst every 7 or 8 soldiers they affirm commonly to have
one. And if there be any wanting of a full company as
commonly in these journeys and all other cases, tending to the
country's charge, there are rather more than under, though
at all other times far fewer than due then are the numbers
which they report to be absent said to be employed in neces-
sary causes, and they which are present do oftentimes take up
money for the diet of them pretended to be absent. And if
they be not satisfied with meat and money according to their
outrageous demands, then do they beat their poor horses and
their people, ransacking their houses, taking away cattle and
goods of all sorts, not leaving so much as the tools and instru-
ments that craftsmen do exercise their occupations withal, nor
the garments to their backs, nor clothes to their beds ; so as
at their next meeting places there are to be found many times
such plentiful store of household stuff, or what else they could
cany or drive away with them, as at ordinary inarkets ;
which if the owners did not redeem at the will of the takers,
then are they sold and dispersed in such sort as they that
ought (owned) them shall never come by them again. And
if any do withstand or gainsay such their inordinate wills,
then they do not only exercise all the cruelty they can against,
them, but do also procure other companies to set afresh upon
them in far worse sort than before, in nature of a revenge, so
as whosoever resisteth their wills shall be sure to have nothing
left him, if he can escape with his life.
" This course of ranging and extorting of her * silly people is
become so common and gainful, as that many other soldiers
* So in MS.
24*
CABEW MSS.
1597.
(as is said) have no other entertainment from their captains ;
and many others that are not soldiers, pretending to be of
some company or other, have, in like outrageous sort, ranged
up and down the country, spoiling and robbing the subjects
as if they were rebels. And most certain it is that the rebels
themselves, pretending to be soldiers, and knowing how gain-
ful the course is, have often played the like parts unbeknown
to the poor people, who live in such awe of the soldiers as they
dare not resist any that take upon them that profession. So
as, of all sides, the poor subjects go so miserably to wreck as
no tongue nor pen can at full express."
Every two months since these broils 2,000 or 3,000 men
have been drawn through the Pale from Munster, Leinster,
and Connaught to Dondalke, to conclude a cessation of wars.
When the forces are placed in garrisons, large proportions
of beoves, muttons, and grain are imposed weekly on the
poor inhabitants, without consent of the nobility and gentle-
men. For a ticket of 20s. they must give a beef, for which
they paid 40s. or more. If a small portion happen to be in
arrear, the soldiers run into the country with their horses,
boys, and women, and commit great extortions, notwith-
standing the largeness of their allowance, and " the continual
wants of the numbers that their proportions are plotted for/'
At other times the garrisons oppress the inhabitants without
cause, " consuming wastefully and needless such provisions as
people make for relief of themselves and their families, and in
misusing of their persons, in such wise as the poor creatures,
being thereby deprived of food and rest, together with the
spoils of the rebels, are forced to forsake their houses, which
out of hand are plucked down, and the timber thereof burned
in the garrisons ; which waste is made the more grievous that
the inheritors or inhabitants of those waste places are forced
to carry the timber of their houses to be burned ; the soldiers
leaving no trees fruitful or otherways unspoiled ; the planters
and preservers, with heavy hearts, looking on their long
labours and expectations thus defaced and brought to so
uncomfortable an event."
The soldiers are often called from Munster somewhat near
to Dublin, the chiefest place of ease and security within the
Pale, and there they practise their usual disorders. Such
journeys are needless.
" These miserable afflictions are the more grievous unto us,
that the army hitherto consisteth for a great part of the mere
Irish, of whom many of them have been traitors and rebels
lately pardoned or protected, who are naturally inclined and
delighted to see the Pale go to wreck, which by these means
they bring to pass more effectually, and with less danger to
themselves, than if they were in actual rebellion ; and yet
(woe be unto us therefore !) no great difference, for ought we
perceive, made between us and those the offspring of traitors,
whom our ancestors, with the loss of their blood in the service
ELIZABETH. 269
1597.
of your Majesty's most worthy progenitors, dispossessed of that
which we now hold from your Highness.
" And although the allurements of this unhappy time did
offer provocations to carry unstayed minds astray, yet we, as
unremovable from our loyalties, do remain steadfast and con-
stant continually, making choice of all calamities, miseries,
and mischiefs whatsoever, rather than to be disloyal ; far
different from the Irish, that never omitted the least occasion
of advantage given them to take revenge of the Pale, and to
show themselves the professed enemy of your Majesty's crown
and dignity."
The manifold impositions of beOves, muttons, porks, grain,
carriages, pioneers, and other provisions, the finding of soldiers
for defence of the borders, and the charge of the "yearly rising
out of the general hostings," without any other burthens, are
sufficient to bring the Pale to extreme poverty.
Your rate for beoves was formerly 15s., and now 20s., but
your subjects pay for each beofe 40s. or 60s.; " and a pork for
5s. before, worth in the market 20s."
The soldiers were appointed to have 10 sheaves of oats
nightly for each horse, paying therefor 2%d., but last year
oats grew scarce, and the inhabitants had to pay l^d. for each
sheaf. Many of the country were thereby undone, and forced
to forego tillage and leave their land unsown ; and many fair
horses were famished. The soldiers complain that they
cannot receive their pay, protesting that if they received it
when due they would not be driven to range up and down
the country.
" Many companies appointed to lie in garrisons, and vic-
tualled with your Highness' store, when the same is near at an
end, and sometimes before, pretending want, and not procuring
or having care of supply from your Highness' victualler, from
whom they are to have the same, issue forth into the country
where they list, taking beoves or what else they pretend to want
at their own pleasures, far exceeding any ordinary or competent
proportion, whereof some part they restore for money, and the
rest use as they will, thinking all they do lawful, for they
give their tickets, which many times they deny. And if the
owners of the goods so taken proffer to stay the same, as some
have done, demanding by what authority or warrant their
goods are thus violently taken from them, their common
answer is, that their drum and colours is a sufficient warrant.
Then, if the owners seem not to be satisfied, they be assaulted,
and as rigorously used as if they were disobedient and
disloyal subjects.
" The mean devised by the State for recompensing of the
party grieved by this outrageous course was to grant a
commission to the sheriff[s] of 'some shires to plot the said
beoves indifferently upon the whole shire where they were
taken, and so with a general hurt to satisfy private grief;
which bred many enormities, by reason the offenders were
264 CAREW MSS.
1597.
not punished for the outrage, nor restrained to competent
proportions, and compelled to make satisfaction for their excess
and disorder.
" Upon complaint exhibited unto the State for other the
abuses of soldiers, proclamation was sent forth that in their
throughfare, upon pain of death, they should not exact the
country, but take such meat and drink as the inhabitants
could afford them, giving ready money or their officers' tickets
for the same ; and if they did otherwise, then it should he
lawful to sheriffs, justices of peace, and others to apprehend
and commit the soldiers so offending to the shire gaol, or,
failing thereof, to present their names, that they might inflict
such punishment on them as their misdemeanour and abuses
did merit. Which order, as it fell out, procured greater
disorder ; for the soldiers, hearing thereof, came so strongly to
the place where they did lodge, as the country neither durst
nor were able to apprehend them, though their outrages were
greater than before ; so as the same was the destruction of
those places altogether. Neither was it possible to present
their names, except the inhabitants had special knowledge of
them ; for the soldiers, to delude the good meaning of the afore-
said proclamation, did not only deny the names, but gave out
themselves to belong unto a contrary captain, whose company
was then perhaps in the remotest place of the land."
" Sundry principal rebels and traitors, being taken into
protection from time to time, have had their companies of
horse and foot placed in the country, exacting of the people
diet and money as largely as any, with greater grief to the
bearers, being driven by that means to cherish and entertain
their deadly enemies.
" The soldiers, till now of late, were commonly in their
throughfare partly directed by the sheriffs, collectors, and
others of the country, with some ease to the poor inhabitants.
But now, to aggravate our miseries, there be Quarter- Masters
erected, who do plot and quarter the soldiers with no
indifferency or care, having no knowledge of the country, but,
overburthening some with over-great numbers to their utter
undoing, do. for reward, free others. And whether (further ?)
they do quarter and charge places time out of mind privi-
leged and freed from all impositions, in respect of service and
yearly rising due out of them to your Majesty and your most
noble progenitors, greatly to the discontentment of the nobility
and gentlemen of this realm, that should by this course be
brought to as miserable state as the poorer sort, if they yielded
thereunto."
The poor people, as a last resource, sent such of their goods
and cattle as they might spare to their friends in the inner
and safest places of the English Pale, but your forces were
removed from the frontiers of the English Pale the last month
oi May, and your poor subjects, unable to furnish themselves
with horses, armour, arid weapons, were invaded by the rebels,
ELIZABETH. 265
1597.
with all their winter forces, which " spoiled and burned even
into the bowels and heart " of the country, where never before
has a traitor durst show his face. The country offered to
maintain 500 horsemen to serve your Majesty at your pay of
12d. sterling le piece per diem.
" Suit was made to have armour and munition delivered to
the inhabitants for some of the money due to them for country
charges, and that certain bands should be erected of the
English Pale, to be trained up by some expert man at the
charge of the country, and ready at any time at their own
charge* to withstand any invasion or sudden brunt of the
rebels."
These offers were not accepted, upon suspicion of lack of
due affection in us towards your Majesty's service, owing to
difference in matters of religion and conscience ; but by our
loyal bearing of the before-mentioned burthens and calamities,
by the deaths of sundry gentlemen of the English race of the
Pale in resisting the rebels, by the fact that the most notable
rebels have been slain and overthrown by your subjects of
this country (as the Earl of Desmond, James FitzMorries,
Callough O'Connor, Rowry Oge, Con McCollo, and others),
it may plainly appear what faithful and hearty affection we
carry towards your Majesty, " upon whose gracious care and
regard of us our whole hope doth altogether depend."
Copy. Pp. 16.
June 25. 272. TIBBOT BURKE.
Vol. 607, p. 141. "An .Abstract of the Demands of Theobald ne Long Burke
unto Sir Coniers Clifford, Governor of Connaught, at
Lehinche, 25 April 1597 ; sent into England, and
answered by the Lords of the Council 25 June 1597."
" He undertook, with the aid of her Majesty's forces, to
banish Tibbot Me Walter, the now Me William ; for reward of
that service to have all Me William's lands to be assured unto
him, and in lieu of the name of McWilliam to have some title
to be bestowed upon him according to the worthiness of his
service. A style was granted, whereof consideration should
be had ; the lands also, conditionally that it should bear the
composition which Sir Richard Bingham had formerly im-
posed upon it"
That the lands in co. Mayo taken from the possessors in Sir
Richard Bingham's time and conferred upon others may be
restored to the right owners. This large demand ^va8 denied.
" That the benefit of her Majesty's letters in the behalf of
his brother Moroghe ne Muyre, and the like for Donell O'Mayle
his mother, might be confirmed unto him if he would become
a good subject." Granted.
* In MS., " ready at a time for their own charge.''
266 CAREW MSS.
1597.
That Richard Burke be received to mercy and have a pen-
sion. Granted.
" He demanded all the lands of such persons as were then
in rebellion in co. Mayo to be granted unto him and his heirs.
There was granted unto him all the rebels' lands tJiat were of
his own sept"
He demanded the castle and lands of Castle Barry.
Denied.
Pardons for sundry persons. Granted.
That for seven years such as depended upon him should not
be questioned for any harms done. Suspended.
" He demanded such portions of Me William's seignory as
was by the Lord General's last parley agreed upon. Granted."
A company of foot in the Queen's pay. Granted.
A commission to grant protections in co. Mayo. Mitigated.
In Oarew's hand. Pp. 2.
July 1. 273. The AKMY.
Vol. 601, p. i42a. Ordinances by her Majesty for reforming Disorders in the
Musters and Payment of her Army in Ireland, 39 Eliz.,
1597.
" Every captain of 100 footmen shall receive weekly upon
every Saturday for the week following his full entertainment
of 28s. for the week ; and so in like case the lieutenant 14s.,
the ensigns 7s., and the sergeant drummer, surgeon, and phyfe
5s. apiece, by way of imprest ; and every common soldier of
the company shall likewise receive by way of imprest 3s. ster.
The residue, which is for every of the said four last
officers 2s., to make up his full pay, and for every common
soldier to make up his full pay 20c?. by the week, shall be
answered to the full value thereof in good apparel of several
kinds, part to serve them for the winter, and part for summer,
which shall be of good quality and stuff for the prices, and
delivered at the two seasons for the winter and summer,
whereof true patterns shall be sent to the Lord Deputy, to be
there compared with the apparel that shall be sent thither
for the soldier, which shall be of these sorts and prices here-
after following, viz. :
" For the four officers of every band. For the winter: a
cassock of broad cloth with silk buttons and lace, 22s. 7d. ; a
doublet of good canvas, 14s ; a hat and band, 5s. od. ; two
shirts and two bands, 9s. 6d. ; three pair of shoes, 7s. ; three
pair of stockings, 8s. ; a pair of Venesions with silk lace,
15s. 4cd. ; [total,] 41. 2s. 3d. (sic). For the summer : two
shirts and two bands, 9s. 6d. ; two pair of shoes, 4s. 8d. ; one
pair of stockings, 2s. Sd. ; a hat and band, 5s. 5d. ; [total,]
22*. Gd. (sic).
" dnninon .W<//Vr. For the winter : a cassock of broad
clotli, 17*. (><l. ; a doublet of canvas, 12s. (id. ; a hat cap, 3s. ;
two shirts, two bands, 8a. ; three pair of shoes, 7s. ; three
ELIZABETH. 267
1597.
pair of stockings, 8s.; a pair of cloth Venesions, 13s. 4d ;
[total,] 3. 9s. 4>d. For the summer: two shirts and two
falling bands of Hollon, 7s. ; two pair of shoes, 4s. 8d. ;
one pair of stockings, 2s. 8d. ; a hat cap, 3s. ; [total,] 17s. 4d
" And because it will seldom happen that any band of 100
more or less will be found so complete as it should be needful
to deliver weekly the whole sum payable to such a company
with the full pay of the entertainment of the captain and
officers, the six dead pays therein allowed, the checks for
absence and deficiency also defaulked ; it is therefore ordered
that the Treasurer at Wars shall pay and deliver weekly for
the imprest of every such company the sum of 181. 19s.,
agreeable to the form above expressed. The captains and sol-
diers thus paid shall not, to the offence of our subjects, as
heretofore, be cessed upon the country."
A commissary for the musters to be established in every
province, and to have 6s. 8d. per diem. Musters to be taken
every month, " allowing no more of the nation of Ireland or
of any other nation but of England, where the band is ruled
by. an English captain." The commissaiies to send the muster
rolls to the Lord Deputy, and to be changed every year. The
surveyor of the muster rolls to examine the books and
certify any disorders to the Lord Deputy and Council, and the
offenders to be punished for corruption. The surveyor to send
copies of his books every half year to the Lord Deputy and
Council in Ireland and to the Council in England. The
Lord Deputy to inquire how many pretend to be free from
checks. The books of musters to be kept in the Castle of
Dublin as records.
" It were to be wished that the pay of every soldier m ght
come to his own hand immediately from the Treasurer or his
officer ; " yet it shall be sufficient that the Treasurer or his
officer deliver to the captain or his lieutenant the whole
weekly imprest for his company, in the presence and with the
knowledge of eight at least of the soldiers. Any captain who
detains any soldier's wages is to be publicly punished, removed
from his charge, and compelled to pay double the money
detained.
As some persons have odd numbers of horse that are not so
serviceable as they might be, if they were in bands iinder
food leaders, " no horseman shall be allowed in any pay but
such as shall serve in bands of 50 at the least, saving such as
are allowed to attend upon officers by their patents or by the
establishment." No company of footmen to be of less number
than 94 able persons, unless it be in wards.
This order is not to extend to the retinue of the Lord De-
puty, who is to have allowance for his retinue as heretofore.
Whereas the chief officer of the musters in that realm has,
by prescription and without lawful warrant, " taken to his
own use the benefit of one pay out of every company," her
Majesty commands that no officer of musters shall take any
CAREW MSS.
1597.
such pay in any company, in order that no more than six dead
pays shall be allowed in one band of 100. " And to the
intent these ordinances may be kept and have a beginning as
soon as may be, her Majesty hath presently sent as much
money as may duly serve for these lendings (imprests) to all
manner of footrnen that are esteemed to be thei'e in service,
that are allowed 8d. by the day for 14 weeks, and for the
Lord Deputy and all his retinue, and all horsemen and others
serving as martial men, sufficient to pay their whole wages
for three months, as by a schedule signed by her Majesty's
Council and sent to the Lord Deputy shall appear."
Greenwich, 1st July 1597.
Copy. Pp. 6.
July 1. 274. The QUEEN to the LORD DEPUTY (BOROUGH).
Vol. 601, p. U5a. For the weal of Ireland we employ great forces there under
you, and have sent a navy and army to the seas towards
Spain, to withstand all dangers that might come from thence.
We now wish to reform the great disorders there, especially in
" charging of us with pay of more persons than are known
there to serve us," and for that purpose we have devised cer-
tain ordinances. As you are in the field, you may not have
leisure to peruse and observe them ; so we require you, for
avoiding delay, to impart them to such of the Council as can
attend to the execution of them.
Certify us what numbers of persons are ready for service
according to their allowances, for the certificates from the
Treasurer (Wallop) and Muster Master are not satisfactory.
Rafe Lane, the Muster Master, seems to have been very negli-
gent, and to have made up his checks by guess. The
Treasurer certifies that our charge is about 12,000. a month,
" besides many other extraordinary charges of persons not
subject to Lane's muster." He has "sent a declaration of the
expense of 24,000?. saving '8QQL," but does not state what
number of persons are in our pay, or until what time the
imprests are to serve. Sir William Russell, our late Deputy,
has made declaration to our Council that the numbers he left
there in pay were 8,303 ; but he believed that in truth there
were not above 5,000. The Undertakers in Munster have
neglected the habitation thereof with Englishmen, and have
made grants to the Irish. Charge the Council "to answer
you what hath been done therein to reform this disorder, upon
our express commandment given to certain of them to inquire
of the said defaults, and to have proceeded sharply to the
reformation thereof either by punishment of the offenders or
by seizing into our hands of their lands so misused/' Give
commission to certain chosen persons, joining Avith them the
President of our Council there, to inquire into this matter,
and how many Patentees are absent and not resident upon
their lands.
ELIZABETH. 269
1597.
The lands and seignories of the late Earl of Clancarre are
to be surveyed.
Greenwich, 1st July 1597.
Copy. Pp. 3.
[July.] 275. The EARL OF TYRONE to the KING OF SPAIN.
Vol. 617, p. 90. We received your Highness's letters by Don Roderigo de
Vayen this last March, by which you did write that we
should go forward in our enterprise, and that your Majesty
would send us aid. We returned answer by the said Don
Roderigo. Believe no news from England of any agreement
in this country. Great offers have been made by the Queen
of England, but we will not break our oath and promise to
you.
" We are compassed round in such order on each side, that,
except God keep us, we will be undone ; but as yet we have
given them the worse. We skirmish very often, and still
they have the worst. And now lately I had the killing of the
sergeant-major (Turner) of the Queen's army, and of the Lord
Deputy's (Lord Borough) brother-in-law (Vaughan), with many
others. The Earl of Kildare [was] hurt, and died of his hurt.*
On the side that O'Donnell was in, there came the Governor
of Connaught (Clifford) with a great army, near as great as
the Deputy's was, and laid siege to a castle (Ballishenan) in
his country ; but at length he was driven to steal away with
the loss of a nobleman (O'Brien, Lord of Insequin) and many
officers and soldiers, and driven to leave the Queen's great
ordnance behind, with all their victuals and carriage. So as
now we are so set to, that we must humbly crave your present
succour."
Dated 1597."
Copy, " translated out of Latin. 1 " P. 1 .
Sept. 276. REBELS in CONNAUGHT.
Vcl. 632, p. 22. A brief Declaration of the Province of Connaught, how the
same stood at my coming, and as it is at this present,
with the names of the chief gentlemen of the septs,
[made by Sir Corners Clifford, Governor of that
provincef]."
Roscomen. All the Kelleys in Imany between the Suck
and the Shannon were in rebellion, and protected by Sir John
Norreys. They lived in obedience until the coming of O'Don-
nell into the country. Then Feriogh McHugh O'Kelley, of
Moycarnan, [and] the Kelleis of Twoaleag revolted ; some fled
into the North, some into O'Rwark's country. " Feriogh is
* Note in the margin : " False ; for he died of no hurt.'
f These words are added by Carew.
CAREW MSS.
this instant September protected by me." Donell O'Kelley,
of Lysdallon, Edmond O'Kelley, and Donogh Baccho O'Kelley,
of Culnegire, Kedogh O'Kelley, of Cloghin, [and] Redmond
O'Fallou, of Myltown, were never in action. O'Conor Roe,
O'Byrne, O'Hanly, and O'Flanygan were in action, and taken
in by Sir John Norris. Most of their kinsmen and fol-
lowers revolted upon the coming of O'Donnell, but have now
come in. MacDermot with 150 followers was taken in by
Sir John Norris, but revolted at the coming of O'Donnell,
" and yet himself taken prisoner by O'Donnell, who detaineth
him." The McDermott Roes have come in to me, and live
about the Abbey of Boyle ; but their followers are in action
with O'Rwarke. Con MacDwaltogh O'Conor, cousin germain
to O'Connor Don, pretending to be chief of that name, received
protection of Sir John Norris, and revolted upon the coming
of O'Donnell. He was slain in action by Feagh Boork, son to
Sir Hubert Boy MacDavy Boork, with 16 others, including
Mulrony MacDermott. The two brethren of Con MacDwal-
togh have submitted to me this instant September. Their
followers are in action.
Qallaway. All the Kelley s beyond the Suck (except
Connor ny Garr O'Kelley, of Gallogh, William Kelley, of
Knockmoy, and the sons of Shane ne Moy, who were never in
rebellion), taken in by Sir John Norris, live in obedience.
The sons of Teig O'Kelley, of Malloghmore, and Feagh Mac-
Melaghlen O'Kelley have received protection from me. Ulicke
Boork, who murdered George Bingham, and Shane Boork his
brother, sons of Redmond Boork, commonly called Scobe, are
with O'Donnell. All my Lord Bremingham's country
(except himself and his sons, with Sir Hubert Boy MacDavie
and his sons, and Thomas MacHenry Boork) were protected
by Sir John Norris. Richard Boork, of Derernaclaghine, has
continued loyal. All the O'Flaherties, of Yreconoght, were
taken in by me ; buk.Brien Echowley O'Flahertie and Morogh
MacTeig O'Flahertie have lately fled into Ulster ; and Rury
Sheog O'Flahertie, Hugh Duff O'Flahertie, Roger and Mathew
O'Flahertie, sons to the late Sir Morogh ne Doe O'Flahertie,
were never in action.
Clare. All the gentlemen and others live in obedience.
Mayo. The inhabitants ("except William Boork, of
Shrowle, his son Oliverus McShane and his brother Edmond,
William Boorke FitzRichard, who fled into Mounster, and
MacMorrice "), in number 1,500, were in rebellion, and pro-
tected by Sir John Norris.* Tybott ne Long with the
Devil's Hook and others have come in to me, and put in
pledges. Me William continues in action, and in July last
lost '200 of his men. " At his late coming in this instant
* In iht margin -. " After tliat Tibott Boork came to me Me William, doubting
Uliverui Mcbuuue would juiu with him, took him prisoner, whom I redeemed."
ELIZABETH. 2?1
1597.
September his brother Thomas, equal in mischief to himself,
was slain, and one of the chief commanders of the Clandonnells,
with 30 or 40 of his men ; their heads sent to me by Tybott
ne Longe." Me William's forces, with 400 out of O'Donnell's
country, amount to 700.
Sligoe. The inhabitants, to the number of 400, are still in
action. Only Caale Og MacDonogh has come in ; he dwells
near Ballymoate. O'Hary Boy, O'Hary Reogh MacDonogh,
of Cay la, and Tyryrell MacDonogh, of Corron, [the] MacSwynes,
the Hartes, [and the] O'Dowds, of Tyreragh, are the principal
men in action.
Leitrim. Brien. O'Rwark, called O'Rwark, and Teig his
brother, with 600 followers, are in action.
The total number of men now in action is 2,600 at least,
combined with O'Donnell, who continually employs his foot
upon this province, and has 1,500 foot and 300 horse.
Maguyer, whose sister O'Rwarke has now married, joins
O'Donnell with 700 foot and 100 horse, only for the disturbing
of this province.
" Principal prisoners reserved upon several killings : John
MacJonyn, John MacMorrice, Davy MacMorrice, Edmond
MacMelaghlen, Davy MacRicard Boork.
" Castles of account taken also by me and so kept :
Ballinderge in co. Gallaway, the Bryse, Castle Ban-/'
Copy. Pp. 3.
Dated by Carew " 1597."
Nov. 5. 277. STATE of IRELAND.
Vol. 621, p. 57. >< A summary Report made of the estate of the Realm of
Ireland at this present in the several Provinces, debated
in Council 5 November anno 1597."
Ulttter. All the late rebellions in Ireland have had their
beginning in Ulster. Like as when Sir William Fitz Williams
surrendered the sword to Sir William Russell, and when
Russell delivered up his charge to Lord Burghe, we advertised
your Lordships [the Privy Council] of the bad state of that
province, so now we have to report " that there is 110 pai-t
freed from the poison of this great rebellion, and no country
or chieftain of a country, being Irish, whom the capital traitor
Tyrone hath not corrupted and drawn into combination with
him, so as from sea to sea beyond Dundalk, namely, from
Karrickfargus in Clandeboye to Ballishanon in Tyreconnell,
there is no part that standeth for her Majesty, except Kar-
rickfargus, the Newrie, the fort of Black water, and the Cavan
in the Breny, wliich are held with strong and chargeable
garrisons to her Majesty, besides tliree or four petty castles
in Clandeboyes and Lecall, namely, Belfast, Edendoghe,
Canicke, Olderfleet, and Dondram, all which are m.-iin-
taiued by wards." Ill Clandeboye two of the petty lords,
CAREW MSS.
1597.
Shane McBryon and Neale Oge McHugh McFeolem of the
house of the O'Neales, made their submission, and are now
returned into their countries pardoned, but they are not likely
to stand fast longer than may serve their turn.
This bad estate of Ulster is like to grow worse by the late
frequent practices of the two great lords of Kan tyre in Scot-
land, Angus McDonnell and McAlane, " both labouring vehe-
mently to come into Ulster, and bring with them 2,000 or
3,000 Scots ; [and], under pretence to make offer to serve her
Majesty, they will bend themselves against her, and convert
their forces to serve the traitor, with whom it is to be doubted
they have contracted underhand." In our opinion, their
sudden reconciliation, "being before at deadly malice one
against the other, should betoken some deep conspiracy against
this State, either set on by Earl Huntley in Scotland, or
drawn on by Tyrone in Ireland." These two Scottish septs
were formerly " at pike " one with the other.
" We have directed Sir John Chichester, who hath charge
at Knackfargus and those parts, to stand upon as good a
keeping as he can against the subtility of those Scots, and
to foresee specially that they come not into Karrickfargus,
or any other house or castle kept for her Majesty, otherwise
than he may be able to put them out when he will."
GonnaugliL Her Majesty has to keep in this province a
force of 2,300 foot and 75 (sic) horse ; " and such is the waste
and ruin, specially in grain, as we are driven to victual most
of those companies out ot her Majesty's store, sometimes
by sending of corn by sea from Dublin to Gallawaie, which
is very chargeable and casual, and sometimes by conveying
of biscuit over land, when we can get garrans for carriage
of it, which is not without difficulty and great murmur of
the country, though they are paid ready money, according
to her Majesty's usual rates."
" Albeit upon the drawing of Tibbott ne Longe [Burke],
and the late expelling of the supposed McWilliam by her
Majesty's forces twice out of that province, there were some
appearance that the state of the country would grow to better
settling, the rather for that upon the expulsion of McWilliam
and the coming of Tybott sundry other septs of the Burghes,
O'Kellies, and other nations that were loose and stood out
before, came in to Sir Conyers Clifford, .... and he pro-
cured from the late Lord Deputy a general pardon for them
all, and of some of them he took pledges : nevertheless, many
of them fell to revolt afterwards, when they saw O'Donnell
to countenance McWilliam, and attempt to set him in his
place again." Till O'Donnell be taken down, it will be hard
to reduce them.
Leinster and the English Pale, The garboils are greater
than ever. It was thought that, by cutting off Feoghe
McHugh, they would have come to an end, but the quarrels
have been renewed by his two sous. " They have been with
ELIZABETH. 273
1597.
Tyrone all the last summer, and have wrought him to send
forces with them into Leinster under the conduct of sundry
chief lords, some remaining about himself, as Captain Tirrell
and one of the O'Neales, and others chosen out of Leinster,
as Breon Keoghe O'More, the Nugents, and Feoghe's two sons
themselves, .... to the number of 600 and upwards, divided
and sorted into shot and pikes, and other short weapons.
" These have of late committed sundry burnings in Leax,
Offaly, the Ranelaghe, the Byrnes' country, Kildare, and in
some part near Dublin, where they have done several hurts
upon the subjects, and especially upon the English, as they
could come by them ; whom they sought principally to expel
out of their dwellings in Leinster, as the other rebels in Ulster
and Connaught have ; . . . . whereby it is apparent that this
great rebellion in Ireland is a mere Irish war followed upon
the English of purpose to root them out^ and reduce the realm
to the old Irish laws and tyrannical customs of Tanistry. To
these are adherent sundry of these Irish families in Leinster,
as the O'Mores, O'Conners, some of the Cavannaughes, some
of the Birnes and Tooles, some of the McCaughlons, O'Malagh-
lins, O'Moloies, O'Dempsies, and others."
In the English Pale many are suspected of unsoundness,
" even for that in ordinary warrants ... for her Majesty's
service, they are far more backward than good subjects ought
to be : .... besides, two base brethren of the Earl of Kil-
dare, called the Bastard Geraldines, having drawn to them a
number of loose people, do range up and down the English
Pale, extorting meat, drink, and money at their own wills,
and so terrify the subjects of the Pale as many do forsake
their dwellings for fear of their violence. These Bastard
Geraldines are now upon protection ; and what will further
become of them we know not, having often written to the
Earl of Kildare to temper with them and to stay them, but
we have not as yet heard anything from him."
Munster. " The best tempered of all the rest at this pre-
sent ; for that, though not long since sundry loose persons, as
some of the McShees, the Lord Roche's base sons, and others
became Robin Hoods, and slew some of the Undertakers,
dwelling scattered in thatched houses and remote places near
to woods and fastnesses, yet now they are cut off, and no
known disttirbers left who are like to make any dangerous
alteration upon the sudden. And yet we have intelligence
that many are practised withal from the North, to be of com-
bination with the rest, and to stir coals in Munster, whereby
the whole realm might be in a general uproar : a matter which
maketh good our former opinion that it is a universal Irish
war, intended to shake off all English government."
Given at Dublin, 5 November 1597.
Copy. Pp. 6.
2 5
3. S
274 CAREW MSS.
1597.
Dec. 22. 278. The EAKL OF TYRONE'S SUBMISSION.
Vol. 617, p. sal. "The most humble and penitent Submission of me, Hugh
Earl of Tyrone, presented in mine own person " to the
Earl of Ormond and Ossoiy, Lord Lieutenant General,
with his assistants the Bishop of Meath and Sir
Geoffrey Fenton, at Dundalk, 22 December 1597.
Upon my former submissions I received pardon; yet of
late I have fallen into the like crimes, and provoked her
Majesty's indignation. "I do here acknowledge, upon the
knees of jay heart, that I am most sorry for this my late
relapse and defection."
Make known to her Majesty my several grievances " done
to me and mine " by some of her ministers. Till her Majesty's
pleasure be returned, I crave " a time of forbearing of arms for
two months/' which I promise to perform for myself and those
who have taken part with me. I promise there shall be no
impediment to the victualling of the fort of Blackwater. I
will deliver a sufficient pledge.
Signed : Hugh Tyrone.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Dec. 22. 279. . The EARL OF TYRONE'S PETITION.
Vol. en, p. 323. The humble Petition of Hugh Earl of Tyrone to the Lord
Lieutenant General of her Majesty's army (the Earl of
Ormond), at Dundalk, 22 December 1597.
" That all the inhabitants of Ireland may have free liberty
of conscience, or at least ways the benefit of her Majesty's
positive law, without being cumbered with the law of reason."
That her Majesty grant pardon to him and all that remain
in Tyrone, " with satisfaction of any defect of all former grants
passed to his Lordship that hath grown by these late actions ;'
and that he may be restored by Act of Parliament to his blood
and dignity.
" For that the abuses of her bad officers hath been the
beginning of all this trouble, and that the Irishry cannot away
with the rigour of law upon every small occasion, their bring-
ing up being but barbarous ;" that Tyrone may be made a
county palatine.
That her Majesty withdraw her garrisons from Tyrone " and
all other parts of the Irishry."
As there passed an oath between the Earl and all the
Irishry that took part with him, that he would take no
agreement for himself unless every of them had pardon and
their predecessors' lands, he craves that the same may be
granted, and that the Mores and Connors may have a
reasonable portion of their predecessors' lands.
That he may have the pledges delivered for the performance
of the first truce between the Lord General Norreys and him ;
and that his last pledges may be exchanged.
Copy. P. 1.
ELIZABETH. 275
1597.
Dec. 22. 280, ARTICLES PROPOSED to TYRONE.
Vol. ei7, p. 3i. "Articles prescribed to the Earl of Tyrone by the Lord
Lieutenant General (Ormond) and his assistants the
Lord Bishop of Meath and Sir Geoffrey Fenton, Knt. ;
the performance of [which] articles the said Earl hath
promised upon his honour and credit to the uttermost
of his power, and hath subscribed the articles with his
hand, the 22nd of December 1597."
(1.) He and all whom he pretends to have taken part with
him shall keep the peace to all her Highness's subjects during
" the abstinence of war," eight weeks from the date hereof.
(2.) He shall call out of Leinster " all such of Ulster as were
sent thither by his direction," and suffer none of them to
remain there or in the English Pale during the abstinence.
(3.) If any persons break into rebellion during this absti-
nence, he shall not aid them, but leave them to be prosecuted.
(4.) If he send to buy victuals in the English Pale, such as
he employs therein shall bring an attestation under his hand,
showing they are sent by him. It shall be lawful for them to
buy victuals, upon condition that the Queen's subjects may
buy victuals and other commodities in Ulster. " The Ulster
men shall not come in troops or great companies armed,
whereby to take meat and drink of her Majesty's subjects by
violence."
(5.) Upon any supposed wrong committed upon him or his
by any of her Majesty's garrisons or subjects, he shall not enter
into any revenge, but " cause the same to be informed, with
the proofs, to the Lords Justices or Lord Lieutenant General."
(6.) He shall not " entertain any practice, contract, or other
intelligence whatsoever with the King of Spain or any of his
ministers, or any other foreign nation." If he receive from
Spain or any other foreign place any letters, messages, or
directions, he shall acquaint the State therewith.
(7.) Whereas the Earl has made suit that his grievances
might be made known to her Majesty, " so soon as he shall book
the same, and deliver them to me the Lord Lieutenant General,
or to any other by my appointment, we will see them faithfully
transcripted to her." We require him " not to pester his book
of complaints with matters frivolous and unnecessary."
(8.) According to his promise, the Earl shall deliver 40
beoves into the fort of Blackwater, and send a safeconduct with
her Majesty's victuals and munitions to be now sent thither.
He shall suffer the soldiers of the fort to cut and bring in wood
and other necessaries ; "the wood to be assigned by the Earl
within a mile of the fort." He shall give a safeconduct when-
ever it is necessary " to carry any matter from the Newry or
other place to the fort."
(9.) ^Restitution to be made of any prey or " bodragge " taken
out of the English Pale to the Fues, Ferney, or any other part
the North, " the same being trackted thither," so soon as
3 2
CAREW MSS.
the same shall be proved before the Commissioners. The
thieves to be executed. The like course to be held for any spoils
taken from the Earl or his dependants by any of the army or
any of the Pale. " If any man be stopped from following of
his tract, the party giving him impediment to answer the
goods so tracted."
Signed ; Hugh Tyrone.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Dec. 22. 281. The EARL OF TYRONE'S KEPLY.
Vol. 6oo, p. 47. " The Answer of the Earl of Tyrone to the Articles prescribed
unto him by the Earl of Ormond, Lord Lieutenant
General, and his assistants the Lord Bishop of Meath
and Sir Geoffrey Fenton," 22 December 1597.
" To the 1st he agreeth, so as the like be observed by [her]
Majesty's subjects towards himself and all those [that] are in
action with him.
" To the 2nd he agrcclh, saving only if any do stay with
them of Leinster, contrary to the* commandment, that they be
used no otherwise than as they be with whom they remain.
He will send for all, and if any tarry, he leaveth them to the
Lord General's discretion.
"To the 3rd he agreeth, so as none now depending on his
truce be received or entertained by the Lord Lieutenant
General or the State during this truce without his consent.
" To the 4th he saith he is contented that her Majesty's
subjects shall buj' necessaries in Ulster, so as his men and
dependants may have the like liberty to buy and sell among
her Highness* subjects ; and that none of this side shall take
meatf forcibly in the Pale.
" To the 5th he agreeth, so as he may have redress within
ten days after the complaint made thereof to the Lord Lieu-
tenant General or to the Lords Justices ; and the like tolera-
tion to be used towards the Earl and his dependants until ten
days after notice given him, that redress be had of either side,
[except ?] wheresoever any track shall be left on unmanured
or uninhabited land.
" To the 6th he saith he will accomplish the same, if any
cause of that weight come to his hands Avorth the sending
during the truce.
" To the 7th he saith he will do his best endeavour therein,
as near as he may in discretion.
" To the 8th he agreeth, so as the wood be cut on this side
of the water next Ardmaghe ; and for any other thing, that
they first agree with the owners for the things they want, and
procure a man of the Earl's to go with them when they look
' his " in MS. 621. f " <> r drink " is added in MS. 621.
ELIZABETH. 277
1597.
for any necessaries, and not themselves to go into any part of
the country not being accompanied with the Earl's men.
"To the 9th he agreeth."
Signed : Hughe Tirone.
Copy in Carew's hand. P. 1. Endorsed.
Vol. 21, p. 55. 2. Another copy.
Dec. 29. 282. The QUEEN to the EARL OF OBMOND.
Vol. 601, p. H7. \\r e have seen divers letters of yours since you received our
commission of lieutenancy. Your proceedings sho .> judgment
and affection to our service. We can be content to receive the
penitent and humble submission of those traitors that pretend
to crave it. " You now represent our own person, and have to
do with inferior people and base rebels, to whose submission if
we in substance shall be content to condescend, we will look
to have the same implored in such reverend form as becometh
our vassals and such heinous offenders to use, with bended
knees and hearts humbled ; not as if one prince did treat with
another upon even terms of honour or advantage, in using
words of peace or war, but of rebellion in them and mercy in
us ; for rather than ever it shall appear to the world that in
any such sort we will give way to any of their pride, we will
cast off either sense or feeling of pity or compassion, and
upon what price soever prosecute them to the last hour."
Examine their complaints against our ministers, but do not
" suffer them so to abuse your ears with complaints as to justify-
all their treasons by such imputations."
Dispense with such conditions prescribed by us heretofore
as you find likely to delay the conclusion of mercy and quiet-
ness. In the schedule enclosed we have noted the conditions
which are to be insisted on.
We are informed by Connyers Ciyfford " that some of those
rebels in and near Connaught are desirous to be received to
mercy, and that he thinketh no way more likely to effect it
than by your hearkening to the capital rebels' offers." Give
him dii'ections.
" Where we do find that the offals left of Pheaghe McHugh '
(O'Birne) and other rebels near the Pale do daily infester
good subjects and distract those forces which should be other-
wise [employed], we are content, and do hereby give you
authority and warrant, to take all such into our mercy, and
to give them our pardon, whom you shall, with the advice of
the Lords Justices, think fit to be received for our service ;
and so have we also in Connaught given Connyers Ciyfford
warrant to do the like."
" For the rest of the misgovemment of our kingdom,
especially in distribution of our treasure, arid in our being
notoriously abused by false musters, we do write to all such
our officers as it appeitaineth, and doubt not but, in what
2 5 *
CAKEW MSS.
1597.
properly appertaineth to you as General of our army, you
will yield us an account answerable to the opinion and expec-
tation we have of your fidelity and wisdom. And to the
intent you may have some assistant to you in those matters of
treaties, we do allow well of our Secretary's (Fenton) going with
you, and do hereby authorise you to take him, and to com-
municate with him all such things as are appertaining to our
service. And further, we do give you full power to receive
and pardon any of the rest of the capital rebels, with such
conditions as possibly you can procure, although they have
followed the principal traitor (Tyrone), but in no sort to do
it for his sake."
Whitehall, 29 December 1597.
II. "HEADS of MATTERS for our Cousin the EARL OF
ORMOND to urge to TYRONE at the meeting."
(1.) That he make his personal submission to you in
public.
(2.) That he renounce all confederacy with the Irishry.
(3.) That he renounce the name of O'Neale.
(4.) That he disperse all his forces, and send out of the
realm all Scots and other hired strangers.
(5.) That he have nothing to do with any of our uriaghts.
(6.) That he deliver to you the sons of Shane O'Neale, to
be sent to the castle of Dublin, from whence they escaped.
(7.) That he contribute to the rebuilding of the fort and
bridge of Blackwater, that our garrison be continued there
without danger, and that the country bring it victuals.
(8.) " That he tell you truly how far he hath proceeded
with the Spaniards, or any other Prince," and that he
renounce all such dealings.
(9.) That he suffer a sheriff in Tyrone.
(10.) That he put in his eldest son for a pledge, or some
other chief man, and resort, " as other lords of Ireland use to
do," to the Governor and Council at Dublin.
(11.) That he pay a fine of pounds to us withfin]
three years. " Let the fine be imposed for an honour to us,
and afterwards we may be moved to remit either the whole
or part of it."
(12.) That bodragges, stealths, and outrages done on both
sides be referred to commissioners.
(13.) That if he yield to so many of these articles as shall
appear necessary to give assurance of his loyalty, the rest may
be forborne.
" Of all these thirteen articles, these are necessary to be
urged and obtained, which are the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and
7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th."
Memorandum by Sir Robert Cecil at the end.
Copy. Pp. 5.
ELIZABETH. ,279
1598. ,
Feb. 8. 283. "A NOTE of O'RouEKE's DEMANDS, 8 February 1597."
Vol. 601, p. i49a. (1.) That he may be pardoned with all his followers.
Granted.
(2.) " That he may have his country, both spiritual and
temporal, past to him and his heirs by patent." Granted.
(3.) That, for the defence of co. Letrym, garrisons be placed
at Cavan and Ballimote, to act in concert with himself.
There is already a garrison at the Cavan, and there will be
also one at BaUvmote or Sligo.
(4.) That both the constableship and collectorship of co.
Letrym be given to Charles Trever. Granted.
(5.) That her Majesty build a gaol at Letrim. Granted.
(6.) That a ward, of OTlowrke's choice, be maintained by
the Queen to defend the said gaoL Granted.
(7.) "That the Governor of Connaught may procure a
sufficient warrant in O'Rowrke's behalf not to be arrested for
any matter with [out] a special direction from her Majesty ;
and the rather for that it is openly known how the Binghams
maliciously urged his father to go into exile. Sir Richard
Bingha/m hath nothing to do in that province."
(8.) That he may have warrant to confer from time to
time with gentlemen in rebellion, and that what he promises
in behalf of her Majesty be performed. Granted.
(9.) That the arrearages, both temporal and spiritual, of all
his country be forgiven him and others. Her Majesty refers
this to the Governor and Council.
(10.) "That he, with all his country, may not be con-
tributory to any kinds of hostings or cesses other than his
composition." Granted.
(11.) "That the Governor do procure for him martial
law within his own country." Granted.
(12.) That if his cattle be driven of necessity into Sligo or
Roscomen, they shall not be cessed by any companies.
Granted.
(13.) That in case of a general peace between her Majesty
and all the Irishry, he may have half a troop of horsemen to
protect him. Granted.
(14.) That if O'Donnell or Tyrone obtain more favorable
conditions, "you will be a means to obtain the like for me."
Granted.
(15.) That if he be driven by the Queen's enemies to for-
sake his country and lose his goods, " the Governor will sue
and obtain for him such living as may be correspondent for
his calling." No need to doubt her Majesty's grace.
Copy. Pp. 2.
280 CAREW MSS.
1598.
Aug. 14. 284. DEFEAT of the MARSHAL (SiR HENRY BAGNALL) at the
BLACKWATER.
VoL eoo, p. 322. " The Order and Direction given to the Army, as well for
their marching as order in fighting, going to the
Blackwater, the 14-th of August 1598."
" It was ordered that the army, setting forth in six regi-
ments, should, if occasion required, join and make three
bodies, and turn out their wings as they should see cause.
Colonel Percye having the vanguard, the Marshal his second,
should both join, and make one vanguard. Colonel Cosbie,
having the vanguard of the battle, Sir Thomas Maria Win-
feild his second, were appointed the like. Colonel Cunie,
then Sergeant-Major, having the vanguard of the rear, Colonel
Billings his second, were appointed the like.
" The Marshal, in respect that his regiment had the van-
guard, would go there, notwithstanding that he was advised
and persuaded by Sir T. M. Wingfeild to come in the battle
and leave the vanguard to him. The like did Colonel Cunie,
but neither could persuade him.
" The battle was commanded by Sir T. M. Wingfeild, the
rear by Colonel Cunie. The horse were divided into two
bodies. The vanguard led by Sir Callistine Brooke, General
of the horse ; the point by Captain Mountgue, Lieutenant
General ; the rear by Captain Fleminge, marching betwixt
the two rear regiments.
" The army thus marching, having bog and wood on either
hand, within less than caliver shot, was fought withal within
half a mile of Ardmaghe. The vanguard passed on over the
ford, at the first bog, where the saker was left without stay
until it came to the trench, and so forward. Cosbie likewise
passed the bog and left the saker. Sir T. M. Wingfeild,
coming thither, made there a stand, as well to carry off the
.saker as to attend the coming up of the rear regiments, whom
he doubted to be greatly engaged, for that he heard them in
great fight, and had no sight of them in long time before, by
reason of a hill betwixt them. Of this he went to acquaint
the Marshal, thinking to find the vanguard but a little before
him, which could not then be seen by reason of the hill, pur-
posing to have it to make good that place, and that himself
would go with the battle to fetch off the rear, but it was so
far off as the Marshal sent to them to make their retreat to
that hill where he stood, and returned with Sir T. M. W. to
the saker, which he then brought off by force of men, and
went again with the Marshal, thinking that the vanguard had
been come up, which was still advancing forward ; and in all
this time there was no sight of the rear.
" Sir T. M. W., being come to his own regiment, saw the
rear coming up, for whom he made a stand with his regiment
at the boggy ford, and went to tell the Marshal of their
coming, in which time he was slain ; and the vanguard,
ELIZABETH. 281
1598.
either having received message to irake a retreat, or overlaid
with the multitude of the enemy, wheeled about disorderly,
which advantage the enemy took, and brake them." Captain
Evans was shot. Much of our pov der took fire, wherewith
many of our men were slain and hurt. The Sergeant-Major
and Captain Mountague then came to Wingfeild, and they
determined to retreat to Ardmaghe. Colonel Cosbie, however,
without orders, made an attack on the enemy. He was
fetched off, " broken as the rest."
Pp. 2. Endorsed: " 14 August 1598. The manner of the
defeat given to the Marshal at the Blackwater."
Vol. 621, p. ei. 2. Copy of the preceding.
Aug. 17. 285. INSTRUCTIONS to SIR SAMUEL BAGHENALL.
Vol. 601, p. I50a. The Queen has given you commission to have the charge
as a chief colonel of two regiments of 2,000 soldiers, besides
a company of horse, now sent under your charge to Lough-
foile in Ireland. Charles Egerton is to be second colonel.
By the 20th you are to be at Chester, where 600 of the 2,000
are appointed to embark. Direct your course for the bay of
Knockfergus or Olderfleete, whither the other companies, which
embark at Plymouth, are directed also to repair. On being
joined by them, proceed to Loughfoyle. Assist Hugh Tuder,
commissary of the musters.
Victuals are sent by sea to serve your companies for four
months, and oats for your horses. If you capture any victual
from the enemy, your provisions will last five months. In the
winter it will be difficult to furnish you with supplies ; and as
Loughfoile is a waste place and uninhabited, special care must
be had for the safety and preservation of the victuals.
The munition to be stowed in a safe place.
With the money delivered to you, you are to provide 100
horse at 30i. each, with armour and furniture both for the
horses and men. The horse to be sent to Chester, and viewed
and mustered by James Ware and other country gentlemen.
When at Chester, if the wiud serve, you are not to wait for
the horse, but leave some one to conduct them. Two of the
100 horse are to be delivered to the Provost Marshal.
As the place where you are to arrive is very ruinous and
desolate, your first care shall be to see the two regiments and
the horse well lodged. Then "seek to gather the corn of the
enemy, and the straw for your horses, and make provision of
wood before the hardness of the winter come on." Have
regard to the government of her Majesty's people committed
to your charge.
" Because of late time we have found that, by negligence or
corruption of the captains, the soldiers sent over thither are
dismissed and suffered to return again or get away by stealth,
you shall give warning to the masters of those ships that shall
transport you thither, that after the soldiers be lauded they
28ft CABEW MSS.
1598.
do take no soldier into any of their ships, upon pain to be
severely punished at their return hither, and the loss of all
their freight." Any soldier attempting to run away to suffer
death. If any soldiers be slain you are not to admit above
six Irish in a band.
Seek all opportunities of annoying the enemy.
Advertise the Lord General (Ormond) and the Lords Justices
(Loftus and Gardner), and especially ^ the Governor of Con-
naught (Clifford), of your arrival. Authority is given you to
hearken to any overtures and parleys offered by the rebels.
You may give rewards for intelligence and espials, and for
good service.
" The good carriage of your captains and soldiers towards
the Irish that shall continue or return to their obedience will
induce others to offer themselves unto you; and therefore,
for the better governing of the soldiers, you shall observe such
orders as have been by the Earl Marshal set down." You
may make use of the pinnaces employed on that coast.
" Where the footmen have an imprest of 3s. sterling by the
week and the horsemen of ISd. sterling per diem, and the
captains and their officers their full pay, which is to be paid
to them after deduction of the victuals, the paymaster shall
from time to time make like imprests and payments by your
privity and warrant.
" You shall use all your means to know the factions and
partialities of Ulster, which are very many, for divers of
the rebel's followers are kept but by strong hand ; which
known, you shall instruct yourself the better whom to
trust, and which are fittest to be employed one against other.
And if you can surprise the castle of Sir John O'Doortery, or
recover him by treaty from thence, you shall have good relief
both for your horse and foot, and a port and passage to send
to and fro for anything that you shall want. And you shall
understand that Sir John O'Doortry may be drawn easily from
O'Donnell ; so may Hugh Duff McDonnell and McSwyne-a-
Do. Those that are amongst others ill affected to Tyrone are
Sir Arthur O'Nele, and the nation of Slught Art, all the sept
of the Donolos,* and Harry Oge McHarry McShane."
As some of the rebels of late have sought protections only
to serve their turns, and afterwards revolted, be circumspect
how you give protection to any rebel.
Dated 17 August 1598.
n. INSTRUCTIONS for SIR SAMUEL BAGHENALL the second
time, upon the defeat given to the Marshal near
Armaghe."
Whereas her Majesty was purposed to send 2,000 soldiers
to Loughfoyle under your charge, whereof 1 ,000 were levied
* 4i O'Donologhe " in the margin in Carew's hand.
ELIZABETH. 283
1598.
lately in sundry counties and the rest taken out of the West
Country, " being of old soldiers heretofore drawn out of the
garrisons 'in the Low Countries ;" upon the overthrow of the
Marshal near Ardmagh her Majesty has determined that the
horse raised by you and the 2,000 foot shall be directed to
the port of Carlingford. Order has been given to Colonel
Egerton to carry the 1,400 men appointed to be embarked at
Plymmothe, first to Lambay, near Dublin, and then to Car-
lingford.
The 600 appointed to be embarked at Chester, with the
horse provided by you, are also to be transported. Repair
to that city and conduct the men that are there with their
captains and officers to Lambay, where you are to send word
to the State of your arrival, and then proceed to Carlingford.
Bestow your soldiers in the towns of Carlingford, Dondalk,
and the Newry, until you receive orders from the Lords
Justices and the Lord Lieutenant General.
in. " SCHEDULE of the COUNTIES from whence 2,000 men
were levied for Ireland, upon the defeat of the
Marshal with her Majesty's troops near Armaghe."
Oxford, 100; Berks, 100; Essex, 100; Suffolk, 200;
Norfolk, 200; Huntingdon, 50 ; Rutland, 50 ; Lincoln, 150 ;
Sussex, 100 ; Kent, 100 ; London, 400 ; Hereford, 50 ; Bed-
ford, 50 ; Buckingham, 100 ; Hertford, 50 ; Nottingham, 50 ;
Derby, 50 ; Leicester, 50 ; Northampton, 100 ; Cam-
bridge, 50.
Total, 2,100.
Copies. Pp. 8.
Sept. 12. 286. The QUEEN to the LORDS JUSTICES (LOFTUS and
VoL 601, p. 154a. GABDNER) and COUNCIL.
Having been moved by you " to supply that Council with
some principal persons of experience and judgment, on account
of the several rebellions in that kingdom, we make choice
of Sir Richard Bingham, whom we have appointed to be
Marshal of that realm, to repair thither. He returns with our
favour and gracious opinion. Hear him lovingly and friendly
in all things concerning our ser\ 7 ice, wherein we know that
you, our cousin of Ormonde, our Lieutenant, will find great
ease and contentment every way, it being neither fit nor
possible that you should spend your body in all services at all
times ; and yet we must plainly tell you that we did much
mislike (seeing this late action was undertaken) that you did
not above all other things attend it, thereby to have directed
and countenanced the same ; for it was strange to us, when
almost the whole forces of our kingdom were drawn to head,
and a main blow like to be stroken for our honour against
the capital rebel, that you, whose person would have better
daunted the traitors, and which would have carried with it
284 CAREW MSS.
1598.
another manner of reputation and strength of the nobility of
the kingdom, should employ yourself in an action of less im-
portance, and leave that to so mean a conduction."
" It doth not a little trouble us to find so hard effects of all
things from thence, considering the notable supplies of men,
treasure, and victuals more plentifully sent than ever hereto-
fore."
But there are notorious errors in that government. When
the treasure was kept back by the winds and the soldiers
clamoured for pay, not one of the principal officers forbore
taking up his allowance in full beforehand. The captains
entertain Irish to cover their frauds and to make gain by
licensing English to depart, whereby the places are wasted
and spoiled, and the Irish are ready to turn our own arms
against our own armies, as lately at the Blackwater, " when
you of our Council framed such a letter to the traitor after
the defeat as never was read the like either in form or sub-
stance for baseness." All the expeditions to the North have
been unsuccessful, while the other parts of the kingdom have
been left to be spoiled and wasted by the rebels. With an
army of eight or nine thousand men, it is strange that the
provincial rebels of Leinster and Wexford should not be
mastered.
All the forces you have and those appointed for Loughfoile
are to be placed in garrison in our frontier towns, especially
those that are maritime, where must be staples of victuals for
such forces as may be sent for his (Tyrone's) prosecution.
During this winter you are to follow the wars of Leinster. As
you have had supplies of 4,000 men, clear our army of the Irish,
and so order it that for this winter it may be reduced to 8,000.
If we pay them and do not have them we shall be offended,
" having often written hereof without any answer returned
what is done in it." " Though some soldiers may run from
the army to the rebel, it being upon the same continent,
(which are not many,) yet all the rest must return by sea,
which is not easy, if such good orders were taken as should
be, that no soldier were suffered to embark in any our port
towns without grant or good warrant for their passage."
Greenwich, 12 September 1598.
P.S. We are glad to hear that your letter to the traitor
has be n stayed.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Dec. J. 287. The QUEEN to the LORDS JUSTICES (LOFTUS and GARD-
Voi. GUI, p. 156. NER), LORD LIEUTENANT (ORMOND), and COUNCIL.
Although we have forborne to write many letters to you
since these late dangerous alterations in Ireland, we have sent
over great supplies, to our excessive charge ; yet we receive
naught else but news of fresh losses and calamities. Al-
though you have the. great number of 9,000 men, " we do
ELIZABETH. 285
1598.
not only see the northern traitor untouched at home, and
range where else he pleased, but the provincial rebels in every
province, by such as he can spare, enabled to give law to our
provincial governors ; besides that the Pale is not only wasted,
but the walls of Dublin (where our State is seated) esteemed
unsafe, and (as we hear) the suburbs thought a dangerous
lodging for some of our principal counsellors."
We disdain to bear affronts from " a rabble of base kerne."
In providing a remedy no expense shall be spared. Mean-
while we remind you of some causes of these losses and
dangers.
(1.) "There hath never been any care taken by the captains
to train such soldiers as newly come over, neither is there
any uniformity of discipline through the whole kingdom."
(2.) The numbers certified are false, to the gain of the
captains, soldiers being licensed to return to England imme-
diately after their arrival on that side. If it be objected that
owners of ships and masters do receive them by stealth, we
must still blame you for not punishing the offenders.
(3.) Neither Munster nor Connaught have been supplied
with men for their defence, though nothing is being done in
other parts.
(4.) As consultations upon matters of importance have
frequently been deferred in the absence of you our Lieutenant
(Ormond), " without whose advice and direction nothing
would be resolved for the wars," we command you to make
your abode for the most part at Dublin, as Norreis and
Clifford are resident in their provinces, and our Marshal
Bingham may be used for the war of Leinster, and Bagnoll
directed towards Ulster. You are to have the superinten-
dence of them all.
(5.) Our army is not to " hazard any main prosecution
until it may be better provided and strengthened." The
greatest part of the forces to be drawn between Munster and
Leinster, saving the garrisons in Ulster and Connaught. In
Munster and Leinster labour chiefly to assure the walled
towns.
(6.) Take good pledges of all lords and gentlemen whom
you suspect.
(7.) All good means to be used " for conservation for victuals
and garrons for the use of our army which shall arrive." Any
victuals not likely to be kept from the traitor to be destroyed.
(8.) Make it known that we cannot free our subjects there
from many omissions, " when we consider what defences in
former times the noblemen of that kingdom and others have
used against divers rebels." We will not suffer them any
longer to be oppressed by those vile rebels, but send a suffi-
cient force of horse and foot out of England, strengthened with
old soldiers of the Low Countries. Send us " a more perfect
declaration what are our numbers by poll, how many Irish,
and how the army is sorted for their arms of all kinds."
CAREW MSS.
1598.
The President of Monster's (Norris) company of 30 horse to
be increased to 50, and to be paid in sterling money at 12d.
per diem.
Whitehall, 1 December 1598.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Dec. 8. 288. The QUEEN to SIB THOMAS NOBREYS, Lord President
Vol. 60i, p. 158. of Munster.
We have understood how strange a revolt has happened in
Munster. " When the first traitor grew to head with a
ragged number of rogues and boys, you might better have
resisted than you did, especially considering the many defen-
sible houses and castles possessed by the Undertakers, who,
for aught we can hear, were no way comforted nor supported
by you, but either for lack of comfort from you, or out of
mere cowardice, fled away from the rebels upon the first
alarm." We have sent over 2,000 foot for your aid. You
will receive instructions from our Council. We have given
orders to increase your 30 horse to 50, in sterling pay, and
to send over another 100 horses.
There are some persons either out in rebellion or sus-
pected, who might be used, on their claims for lands being
granted, as good instruments against the capital rebels, who
are combined with the northern traitor. Promise them our
pardon, and that we will see them satisfied in all things
just and reasonable. Of such are the White Knight, Condon,
and Donnough McCormocke of the Dually. If McDonnaght
will serve us against Derby McOwen, who takes the title of
McCarty More, we will bestow upon him the country of
Dually. If the White Knight has adhered to the rebels
for lack of force to resist them, " or for fear of any other
offence against our laws," .assure him we will not suffer any
extreme course to be taken against him, but consider his
complaints. As for Condon, " cause him to know that if we
had understood what success he had by the last despatch
wherewith he was sent into Ireland, we would have taken
present order for a gracious end to have been made between
him and Hyde/'
You are not to show yourself facile in offering grace, but
" if honorable and just cause of extending favour may satisfy
those who are not maliciously incorporated in the general and
Spanish combination of the arch-traitor, we would have you
proceed speedily and discreetly in this kind."
Whitehall, 3 December 1598.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Dec. 3. 289. The QUEEN to SIR THOMAS NORREYS, President of
VoL 6 H, p. 1 1 7. Munster.
Warrant to commit to the Earl of Thomond the command,
ELIZABETH. 287
1598.
under himself, of the forces in Minister, with the pay of 10s.
a day.
[ Palace at Westminster, 3 December 1598, 41 Eliz.
" Copia vera, concordans cum originali ; ex. G. Thornton,
Fra. Kingesmill.
P. 1. Endorsed: Copy of her Majesty's letter, etc. This
packet in the beginning of September 1599.
290. The EARL OF TYRONE'S FORCES.
Vol. 635, p. 61 b. The List of the Horse and Foot of Ulster under the Earl's
command, 1598."
Cormagh McBaron, of Carick-Teage, 60 horse, 200 foot ;
Art McBaron, in O'Neale's land, 30 h. 60 f. ; Henry McShane,
of the Tynan, 30 h. 80 f.; Philomy O'Neale, of Dunavall,
1 h. 40 f. ; Neale O'Quin, of Curran, 10 h. 30 f. ; Con McTer-
lagh, at the Tynan, 10 h. 40 f. ; John McDonnell Grome, of
Bunburbe, 8 h. 40 ; Edmund Gynelaugh, of Knock-la-Glinche,
6h. 30 f.; Oge Quin, 20 h. 30 f.; O'Mallow, of Ellis Flin,
6 h. 20 f. ; Cormagh O'Hagan, 10 h. 20 f. ; O'Hagan, 16 h. 40 f. ;
Brian Carough, 30 h. 60 f. ; Sir Arthur O'Neale, of the Onye,
30 h. 50 f. ; Cormagh O'Neale, of Lenough, 10 h. 30 f. ; O'Cane,
60 h. 60 f. ; " Tyrone, 60 horse for himself and his men, 200
foot under the command of Nugent and Tyrrell, besides a
100 naked Scots with bows;" Con McHenrie, between the
Tynan and Clougharde, 1 2 h. 40 f. ; Con O'Neale, 5h. 20 f. ;
John O'Neale, of Carrick-Teall, 20 h. 50 f. ; O'Hanlau,
McGenyese, and Bryan McArte, 80 h. 200 f. ; Magwyre, 50 h.
200 f. ; the McMahoundes together, 1 00 h. 300 f. ; Terlaugh
McHenrie, 50 h. 100 f. ; the Upper and Lower Clanduboyes,
120h. 300 f. the Lords of the Lower Clanduboyes, Shane
McBrian and Neale McHugh of the Upper Clanduboy,
Neale McBrian Erto and Owen McHughe ; James McSowrlie,
of the Rowte, 60 h. 200 f. ; O'Donnell, with O'Doharty, and
the rest of Tirconnell, 140 h. 1,000 f. Total : horse, 1,043,
foot, 3,540.
The distances of the above-mentioned persons from tlie fort
[of Blackwater] and Dungannon are specified.
Note in Carew's Jiand : " This was reported by Capt.
Fr[ancis] Sta[fford], 1598."
P. 1.
291. ULSTER.
Vol. 614, p. 279. " Questions propounded [to certain] by the Lords of the
Council touching the Prosecution of the Rebels in
Ulster."*
The Queen, being informed of a project presented by you
for an enterprise to subdue the rebellion of Tyrone, O'DonneU,
* This heading is in Carew's handwriting. The words " to certain " are struck out.
CAREW MSS.
1598.
and their complices, is desirous to have you consider of all
things necessary for its execution, especially the following :
What number of foot and horse are necessary. What
number of pioneers for fortifications. Where the said forti-
fications are to be placed. " Whether shall be any sconces
made to have wards in them, to stay the passages at the fords
upon the pi-incipal rivers." What munition and powder.
What artificers, as masons and carpenters. What victuals,
and what shipping will be requisite.
What number of ships and men for defence of the sea coast
against the Scots and their galleys. Within what time it is
likely, joining with the Commissioner of Connaught's forces,
to subdue Tyrone and O'Donnell. " By what means may the
Irish in Clandebuy, the Rowt, the Glynnes, the Ardes, and
other places possessed by the Scots be suppressed, to be
severed from the aid of the rebel Tyrone. Whether shall the
Lefer or the Dryry be taken to be held with the garrison ;
and whether the house of Strabane, being the rebel's chief
house in those parts, set upon the Lefer, may be taken without
great ordnance.
" How shall the two forces from Loughfoyle and Ballishan-
non be able to march to meet together through all Tyrconnell
without help of necessary garrons, both for their victuals and
for their tents and other cairiages, considering the rebel will
fly with his create [s] either towards McGuyre or else to the
country of the McSwynes upon the North Seas, and there
continue for all the time that the English army shall be on
foot, which may not long continue without relief."
Dated by Carew " 1598."
Pp. 2. Endorsed by Carew : " Questions propounded by the
Lords of the Council touching the prosecution of the service
in Ireland against Tyrone, and answered by Sir Wm. Russell,
Sir Walter Raleghe, Sir George Carew, Sir Richard Bingham,
Captain Francis Stafforde, Captain Dawtrey."
1599.
Feb. 25. 292. The ARMY.
Vol GDI, p. ni. "An Establishment [by the Queen] expressing the number
of all the officers and bands of horse and foot appointed
for a new Army in the realm of Ireland, together with
their several entertainments, by the day, month, and
year. The same Establishment to begin and take place
from the 1st day of March in this 41st year of [our]
reign/'
Officers of tlie Army. The Lord Lieutenant, 10Z. ; lieu-
tenant of the army, SI. ; general of the horse, 40s. ; marshal
of the camp, 30s. ; sergeant-major of the army, 20s. ; lieu-
tenant of the horse, 20s. ; quartermaster, 20s. ; judge martial,
20s.; auditor general, 13s. 4>d. ; comptroller general of the
victuals, 10s. ; lieutenant of the ordnance, 10s. ; surveyor of
ELIZABETH. 289
1599.
the ordnance, 11s. 8d. ; two clerks or commissaries of muni-
tions, to attend the magazines or arsenals, at 5s. per diem
apiece ; four corporals of the field, at 6s. 8d. each ; four com-
missaries of victuals, three at 6s. per diem, and one at 8s. ;
carriage master, 6s. 8d. ; twenty colonels, 10s. each. Total
for a year, 13,127?. 16s. 8d.
Horse. 1 ,300 horsemen, distributed into 26 bands ; cap-
tains, 4s. a day ; lieutenants, 2s. 6d. ; cornets, 2s. ; 300 of the
horse at I8d. a day, 200 at 15t?., and 800 at 12(?. Total per
annum, 31,408?. 5s.
Foot 16,000 foot, divided into 160 bands. Captain of
each band, 4s. a day ; lieutenant, 2s. ; two sergeants, a drum,
and a surgeon, 12cZ. each ; ensign, I8d. ; 94 soldiers and 6 dead
pays, 8d. each. Total per annum, 228,246?. 13s. 4c?.
Extraordinaries. For sending letters by messengers ; for
the hire of a bark to convey packets ; gifts and rewards for
services ; espial money either for foreign countries or for
that realm ; carriage of treasure, victuals, and munition ;
necessaries for the clerk of the Council ; charges of keeping
prisoners, and of buildings and reparations of castles, forts,
and houses (all to be passed by concordatuin), 5,000?. a year.
Sum total, 277,782?. 15s.
Given under the signet manual, at Richmond, 25 February,
41 Eliz.
ii. " A LIST of divers OFFICERS and SERVITORS not con-
tained in the Establishment."
Officers-general. The Lord Deputy, 1,300?. a year ; his
band of horsemen (at 4?. 4s. a day), 1.542?. 2s. 6c?. ; 50 foot-
men (at 8d. each a day), 608?. 6s. 8c?. ; treasurer at wars, 35s.
a day ; marshal, 5s. 9d. ; master of the ordnance, 24s. Sd. a
day ; clerks, gunners, and other ministers of the ordnance,
25s. 2dL ; Sir Raphe Lane, muster master, 1 Is. 6d. Total,
5,313?. 9s. 7^.
Munster. The President, 133?. 6s. Sd. a year; his diet, 1.01.
a week; his guard of horse and foot, 80s. G^d. a day ; chief
justice, 100?. a year ; second justice, 66?. 1 3s. 4<?. ; Queen's
attorney, 13?. 6s. 8d. ; clerk of the Council, 20?. ; provost
marshal (at 14s. a day), 255?. 10s. Total, 1,657?. 13s. 9^.
Connaught. Sir Conyers Clyfford, 1 00?. a year ; his diet
and the Council's there, 10s. a day; "more to birn for an
increase at 10s. per diem;" "more to him an allowance per
annum,, 40?. ;" chief justice, 100?. a year ; clerk of the Council,
20?. ; sergeant-at-arms, 20?. ; provost marshal (at 14s. 6d. a
day), 264?. 12s. 6d. Total, 909?. 12s. 6d.
Ulster. Nil.
Leinster. Sir Warham St. Leger, lieutenant of the Queen's
County, at 6s. 8d. a day, 121?. 13s. 4c?. a year; Owen Ap
Hughe, provost marshal of the army, 4s. 3d. a day ; Robert
Bowen, provost marshal, 5s. 7^d. a day. Total, 301?. 17s. 8^d.
Chief Officers lately erected. Governor of Loughefoyle, 20s.
3 26 T
290 CAEEW MSS.
1599.
a day ; governor of Karickfergus, 10s. ; governor of Dundalk,
10s.; commander of the forces of Cavan, 10s. ; commander of
the forts of Rathdrome, Castlekeavyn, and Wicklowe, 10s. ;
commander of the forces in Ofayly, 10s. Total, 1,277?. 10s.
Warders in divers provinces. In Leinster, 42s. 3d a day ;
Munster, at 26s. 4d ; Ulster, at 28s. 4d ; Connaught, 200?.
a year; warders newly erected, 57s. lOd. a day. Total,
3,031 1 Os. 7d
Pensioners, Almsmen, and Commissaries. 44 pensioners,
41. 19s. 2<i a day; 13 almsmen, 6d each a day; four com-
missaries for musters, 6s. 8d. each a day. Total, 2,385?. 8s. 5\d.
Sum total, 13,886?. 13s. 9d.
" This list was signed by the Lords [of the Privy Council],
as the former was by her Majesty."
Copies. Pp. 6.
Vol. 635, p. 142. 2. Other copies of the same.
March 7. 293. The QUEEN to SIR GEORGE CARTE [Treasurer].
Vol. 601, p. I74a. Warrant to pay to the Earl of Essex, Lieutenant of Ireland,
10?. & day, the entertainment due to his company of 50 horse
and 50 foot, and the usual allowance of 1,000?. yearly out of
the composition of 2,100?. made with the inhabitants of the
Pale in lieu of cesse. The Justices now being (Loftus and
Gardner), and the Lieutenant of the army (Ormond) to have
the full entertainments ordinarily allowed to a Deputy by
equal parts, until they deliver up the sword, deducting all the
imprests which they have received before Carye's arrival.
Also to pay 20s. by the day to the late Treasurer, Sir Henry
Wallopp, during his stay there.
Richmond, 7 March 1598.
Copy. Pp. 2.
[March 12.] 294. To ROBERT [DEVEREUX] EARL OF ESSEX, Earl Marshal
Vol. GDI, p. i59a. of England.
Commission to be Lieutenant and Governor General of Ire-
land, with full powers to suppress the rebellion by any means,
to treat with the rebels, to hold a parliament, to use martial
law, to remove officers, &c., &c.
Date omitted*
Copy. Latin. Pp. 13.
March 22. 295. SIR GEORGE CAREW, Treasurer at War in Ireland.
Vol. 601, p. i75a. " Instructions for George Carye of Cockington in the county
of Devon, knight, appointed by us to repair into the
realm of Ireland with our cousin the Earl of Essex,
and to remain there as our Treasurer at Wars."
Having, at the suit of Sir Henry Walloppe, now Treasurer
at Wars in Ireland, revoked him from that charge in regard
* This commission -was dated 12 March, 41 Eliz. See Mr. Morrin's Calendar
of the Irish Patent Rolls, Elizabeth, pp. 520-522.
ELIZABETH. 29 1
1599.
of his great years, and of the great account he has to make,
we have made choice of you to supply that room. You are
to enter into that office from the 1st inst. Should any sums
be issued by him after that date, " the same shall be by you
repaid unto him, and run upon your accompt."
By your letters patent you are both Treasurer at Wars and
Under Treasurer of the Exchequer, and further Receiver General
of all our revenues there ; " which though they be all places
distinct and in their true natures not very convenient to be
all in one hand, yet, in regard of the great trust we have in
you, we are pleased they shall so continua"
The greatness of this late rebellion giving us cause to send
thither a greater force than ever we previously had there, we
have divided the account of that charge from the ordinary
charge for martial services, and caused an establishment
to be made thereof apart, which has been delivered to the
Lieutenant General (Essex). You are not to exceed the pay-
ments specified in it " at your peril."
The men of war are to be furnished from hence with apparel
twice a year, at a certain rate, and victuals are to be issued at cer-
tain staples to the soldiers at the rate of 4 \d. a day for each man.
These sums are to be defaulked upon the pay of the soldiers.
Defalcations also to be made of all sums which ought to accrue
to us by the checks cessed upon the bands, according to the
certificates of the commissaries of the musters ; and for powder
or munition delivered to any in our pay, " in cases wherein it
is not accustomed to be spent at our costs," according to the
certificates of the Master or Lieutenant of the Ordnance.
We have limited the " extraordinaries " to 5,0001. by the year,
which we hope will serve for all such expenses ; but we have
given warrant to our Privy Council here to pay any further
sums necessary. A monthly certificate is to be sent over of
all sums issued " by warrant of concordatum," and to be
signed by the Council. See that this is done.
A quarterly certificate to be sent hither as usual, to the
Treasurer of England or Under Treasurer of the Exchequer,
showing the issues of the treasure sent in specie for the pay-
ment of the army there.
We have caused a list to be drawn up by our Council here,
from the half-yearly books sent over by the Muster Master, of
" the old ordinary charge of martial affairs." According to
that estimate you are to make payment to the officers therein
mentioned, " until such time as our Lieutenant General hath
reduced the same to a certain charge ; for the doing whereof
as we have given him special instruction to be taken in hand
presently upon his arrival there by conference with our Council,
so we require you, as in a matter specially incident to your
charge, to call upon him to see it speedily performed and cer-
tified over hither to us or our Council, to the end that there-
upon both he and you may receive from us a like establish-
ment under our hand as now you have for our extraordinaiy
army."
T 2
292 CAREW MSS.
1599;
Some of the officers have claimed to hold their retinues
without check, " which is a great maim to our service there."
We have given special charge to our Lieutenant General to
examine by what warrant they claim such exemption. " Be
mindful to call upon our said Lieutenant General, among his
other multitude of affairs, to see the same done."
In the same list we have limited this part of our charge to
15.000Z. sterling by the year.
The payments due to officers of justice in the Chancery,
the two Benches, the Exchequer, &c. are to be made out of
the revenue. If, owing to the disordered state of that king-
dom, the revenue will not suffice, payment shall be made to
them out of the treasure sent from hence.
Of late years the Treasurer at Wars has made up all cap-
tains' reckonings " upon the full pays/' To remedy the
inconveniences which have followed, we have determined to
appoint an auditor of the army, to concur with you in viewing
and examining your accounts.
Your predecessor in the office of Receiver General of our
revenues there has not made due certificates, nor has a yearly
account been made before the officers of the Exchequer. Every
half year send us a perfect book under your hand containing
the receipt of our revenue there, and the payments made out
of it.
On your arrival make us a certificate of the fees and
allowances of all the officers of the Exchequer, the Courts of
Chancery, both our Benches, " or any other officers of justice
or our revenues," and of their fees, showing how far the
revenues " do stretch to discharge them."
A great disorder has been used by your predecessors and
their clerks " in buying of bills of captains and servitors,
which have had pay due unto them by us, at under rates, by
laying out money aforehand, and then paying themselves out
of our treasure, when it hath come for special services or
growing charges." Neither you nor any of your servants are
to " intermeddle with buying of bills."
Former Deputies, when in the field, took an allowance of
10L a day, by concordatums. As our Lieutenant will spend
most of his time thus, and " live in other sort than those who
have gone before him," you are to pay him the sum of 10. a
day, limited in the establishment, as a standing allowance,
from the day of his taking the sword.
Richmond, 22 March 1598.
Copy. Pp. 9.
March 25. 296. The QUEEN'S INSTRUCTIONS to the EARL OF ESSEX.
Vol60i, P . 166. "Instructions for our Cousin and Councillor Robert Earl
of Essex, Earl Marshal of England, &c., Lieutenant
and Governor General of our kingdom of Ireland ;
given at Richmond, the 25th of March 1599."
We find it necessary, both in regard of our honour and the
safety of Ireland, to end the rebellion there by a powerful force.
ELIZABETH. 203
1599.
We shall " spare no earthly thing of ours " in defence of that
kingdom and people. Any person appointed to manage an
affair of this nature " cannot but have a great sense and feeling
which so great an honour and trust deserveth, and both resolve
to undergo the charge with comfort, and study, by all efforts of
diligence, faith, and wisdom, to yield us and our estate timely
fruits of his endeavours."
Having cast our eyes upon all our servants, and compared
the qualities and fitness of each, we have resolved on you
before any other, out of former experience of your faith, valour,
.wisdom, and extraordinary merit. We have made you our
Lieutenant and Governor General of Ireland, and " committed
to your charge a royal army, paid, furnished, and provided
in other sort than any king of this land hath done before."
Although it is not needful for us to instruct you, " to whom
all particulars are better known (in respect of your inward-
ness in counsel and favour with us) than any other that hath
gone before you," yet we think it not amiss to prescribe such
things as are necessary for you to observe.
Upon your arrival in Ireland deliver our letters to the
Lords Justices and Council, receive the sword, and take the
oath. Then assemble the Council and require to be informed
of the state of that kingdom, and of the strength of the rebels.
Take pledges of suspected persons.
The army and people are to be " instructed and contained "
in the true exercise and service of God. " This great infection
of Popery is so spread over the kingdom, as it is most true
that even in time of peace (and within the English Pale)
multitudes of parishes have had neither incumbents nor
teachers, and in the very good towns of assembly not only
recusancy allowed, but massings and idolatry winked at and
tolerated." Call the bishops and ecclesiastical ministers to
account for it.
Of late years, with the increase of our charge, we have
appointed certain learned men in the laws to be Chief Justices
of our Benches, Master of the Rolls, and Chief Baron. Give
them your assistance in the execution of justice. "We have
appointed also certain councillors of estate, whose discretion
and experience may much help you in matters of government
of that kingdom ; whom we do require you to hear and use
with all respect."
False certificates have usually been sent over of the numbers
serving in our pay, as you know ; and our bands have been
continually filled up with Irishry, " in such sort as commonly
the third person in any one band hath not been English, and
the Irish have run away with their arms to the traitor/' The'
rebels have thus been enabled to withstand our forces, and even
to besiege and take from us our castles and forts, a matter
seldom seen before in that kingdom. Look into all such
corruptions and abuses. We are pleased with the order already
projected by you for reformation of them.
2 6 *
294 CAREW MSS.
1599.
Inform yourself of the state and strength of our forces, and
how they are provided with munitions and victuals ; " and
because we have, as you know, resolved within compass of
what numbers we will have you contain our charge," and
there have been continual levies and transportations in excess
of those numbers, " send us a perfect declaration what numbers
you have, how you have sorted them under captains, colonels,
and superior officers, and what are the names of those com-
manders and captains."
We have of late sent over great masses of victuals, which
are to be defalked out of the soldiers' pay. Direct the Trea-
surer at Wars to see due defalcation made, and " to have
special care for the better preservation of our people in health,
that the officers for the victuals may keep the same from
waste or putrifaction." The soldiers to be ordered to take
them from our victuallers in time convenient, and not to leave
them upon our hands till it become unwholesome. If any
merchants be licensed to bring over victuals, the sale of such
victuals is not to be to the prejudice of ours.
The ordnance, powder, and munition is not to be waste-
fully expended, and defalcation to be made out of the pays
of such as receive them. Cause the Treasurer at Wars and
the Muster Master to inform you what persons in our pay
"pretend to be exempted from being checked." All who
have warrants for such exemptions are to be ordered to have
ready such horse and foot as are allowed them.
You have authority to order payment of extraordinary
sums " by way of concordatum, but we have caused to be made
and signed with our hand an establishment of an army, con-
sisting of divers principal officers, newly increased from our
former lists, with an allowance to every of them of several
entertainments, and likewise have set down in the said
establishment the number of 1,300 horse in bands, with their
captains and officers." They are to be paid accordingly.
Our Council here have signed another list of persons not
contained in the establishment, being principal officers, gover-
nors of provinces, with their retinues, governors of castles,
forts, and wards, pensioners, almsmen, and such like, amount-
ing to 15,000?., which sum is not to be exceeded.
Great sums of money have been granted by our Deputies
and Council by concordatums for very mean services and
unnecessary causes. Be sparing of such concordatums, which
are not to exceed the sum limited in the said establishment,
and are to be enrolled in our Council books ; certificates to
be sent to us every month.
We have given you extraordinary power to grant pardons
to all persons in rebellion.
In consideration of our infinite charges, endeavour to pro-
cure us " profits by way of fines or otherwise." The rebels
are to be tied by the same tenures, rents, and services as
formerly. "Give them their pardons with reservation of
ELIZABETH. 295
1599
some beeves yearly payable to us, or else some competent
rising-out of horse and foot. You shall also bind them to
keep open the dangerous passages, to use English habit and
language, to yield yearly some works to the maintenance of
some several forts."
" We have given you liberty in Ulster to pass the lands of
certain persons named in your commission,"* but you are not
to pass away the lands of O'Dohortye or Sir Arthur O'Neale,
as we have reason to believe their defection is rather of
necessity than of disloyalty.
We have also given you liberty to let lands in fee-farm.
Inform yourself of the plot devised for the Undertakers in
Munster, and take the opinion of the Council.
Reduce the numbers of 16,000 foot and 1,300 horse, which
we have granted, as soon as possible.
Confer knighthood upon none who do not deserve it by
some notorious service, or who have not in possession or
reversion sufficient living. That order has been hitherto
granted without moderation.
It is not unlikely that the capital traitor, upon your arrival,
will make some means to be received to our mercy, and profess,
as formerly he did to our cousin of Ormonde and Norreys,
that he desires to show himself a good subject. Let it at
first appear " that you will not receive him upon any capitu-
lations, but upon simple and single submission/' If that
seems to increase his despair, grant him our pardon only for
his life, without any further favour. You know how weakly
others dealt with him, after he had received our pardon.
Therefore, after his pardon is granted, you are not to let him
depart without good security that he do not return to his
disloyalty.
As you would lose time by sending to us for instructions,
in case he should refuse the above conditions, we give you
further authority " to take him in upon such conditions as
you shall find good and necessary for our honour and safety of
that kingdom."
Copy. Pp. 10.
March 27. 297. For ROBERT EARL OF ESSEX, LIEUTENANT and GOVERNOR
Vol. 601, p. 174. GENERAL of IRELAND.
Licence by the Queen, at his own request, " to return to
her Majesty's presence at such times as he shall find cause,"
leaving two Lords Justices there in his absence.
Under the Signet Manual, Richmond, 27 March 1599.
Copy. Pp. 2.
* The Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, O'Kowrk, McGuire, and McSurley Boy.
CAREW MSS.
1599.
March 27. 298. " BRIEFS of LETTERS PATENT, WARRANTS, COMMIS-
Vd. 601, p. 135. SIGNS, &C."
1597, 20 Sept. Sir Thomas Norris, upon the death of
his brother Sir John Norris, by her Majesty's warrant to the
Lord Bouroghe, Lord Deputy, was established Lord President
of Munster.
1597, 29 Oct. Thomas Butler, Earl of Ormond, upon
the death of the Lord Bouroghe, by virtue of her Majesty's
letters to the Council, was made Lieutenant General and
Captain of the army, and a commission was sent him by her
Majesty.
1597, 1 Nov. The Earl of Ormond, by virtue of her
Majesty's letters to the Lords Justices, was allowed 100 marks
sterling per mensem for the execution of the office of Lieu-
tenant General, 30 horsemen and 30 footmen ; and the said
Lords were allowed 33. 6s. 8d. per mensem, to be divided
between them, and 10 horse and 10 foot each.
1597, 15 Nov. Sir Thomas Norris, elected Lord Justice
by the Council upon the death of the Lord Bouroghe, was
discharged from the said office ; and Adam Loftus, Archbishop
of Dublin and Lord Chancellor, and Sir Robert Gardiner,
Chief Justice, were made Lords Justices.
[1598], 7 Aug. Sir Samuel Bagenall appointed colonel of
the forces sent to Loghfoile, consisting of 2,000 foot and 100
horse ; and Charles Egerton nominated lieutenant colonel of the
said forces.
1598, 31 Aug. Sir Richard Bingham, by virtue of her
Majesty's letters to the Lords Justices and Council of Ireland,
upon the death of Sir Henry Bagnall, slain at the Blackwater,
was established Marshal of the army of Ireland.
1598[-9], 22 March. The Lords Justices were commanded
by her Majesty's letters to deliver up the sword to the Earl
of Essex, Lord Lieutenant.
1599, 27 March. Sir Henry Walloppe, by virtue of her
Majesty's letters to Robert Earl of Essex, Lord Lieutenant,
was discharged of his office, and Sir George Gary was ap-
pointed Treasurer at Wars in his place.
Her Majesty also directed special letters to Walloppe to
render up his office to Gary.
Copy. Pp. 2.
March 29. 299. The EARL OF TYRONE to CON O'NEiLE.
Vol. 632, P . i85a. it seems to me you take an unwise course with the Lord
Archbishop [of Cashel],* for none this side the Pope " hath
authority to lay hands on his person, nor any other priest
ever, without the Church themselves do it, or a holy bull, that
a priest should oyle with burning, and then to make him of
' Milerius McCraghe " in the maigin, in Carew's hand.
ELIZABETH. 297
1599.
the tempofality openly, and he was not so used ; but if the
covetousness of this world cause him to remain on this way
that he is upon, how did his correcting touch you ? Withal I
have the witness of my own priest upon him, that he pro-
mised to return from that way, saving only that he could not
but take order for his children first, seeing he got them, and
also that he is friend and ally unto us." You should rather
follow the Bishop's advice than that of his enemies. " I bid
you to enlarge the Archbishop without delay, and to let him
have his houses and manors without spoil ; for you were to
blame to put his castles into his enemies' hands hitherto."
I bid you also set Richard Power at liberty. You seldom
send us news from thence. We saw not the greyhound you
sent.
Loughsworcan, 29 March 1599.
" Upon pain of my ever displeasure, send me no request
for the Archbishop and all his pledges, but that they shall be
[disjcharged."
Headed by Carew : " In the behalf of the Archbishop of
Cashell."
Copy. Pp. 2.
[March ?] 300. The EARL OF TYRONE to CON O'NEILL.
Vol. 632, p. 186. We received your letters concerning Meillmorre McGraghe,
the Archbishop of Cashell. We also saw the Bishop's letter
complaining of you, and saying he came to you upon your
promise and the safeconduct of your people. Our pleasure is
that the Bishop, Richard Power, the Bishop's sons, and all
others that have been apprehended in his company be
enlarged, and that you deliver the Bishop his house of Bally-
maky. " Howsoever desirous your people are to get gain,
hazard not you your own scandal or reputation for any
benefits." Take no ransom for any of them. The Bishop may
come hither or stay there, as he pleases.
Dated by Carciv, " 1599."
Copy. P. 1.
April 3. 301. INDENTURE between CON O'NEILL and the ARCHBISHOP
Vol. 632, p. 187. of CASHEL.
" Here is the condition that Con O'Neille enlargeth
Moylemoore McGragh and his son, with the delivery of his
towns of Ballymakin and Aulin : to receive 200Z., two silver
cups to O'Neile's son, and to get 50?. thereof in broad cloth,
kersie, and in green or blue mantles ; and O'Mary's son,
Bryan McGragh, and O'Kennidie's son to be pledges for the
payment thereof within 10 days. And if any of O'Neile's
adherents should take any part of the same by the way, then
Con to take with him ; and if any of the English take it, the
Archbishop to stand to the loss. And Con, sworn upon the
mass book with the assurance of God and the priest, the
298 CAREW MSS.
1599.
Clan Donnells, Munter Hagans, Munter KuynnejYj, and Mun-
ter Donells, to deliver the pledges all and towns to the Arch-
bishop as soon as that sum be paid. And the Bishop sworn
to O'Nelle's son never to sue nor follow the same payment
against him, nor no other in his behalf, for that ransom, nor
for any other hindrance he did him. And the Bishop bound
to do his endeavour for the said Con for his good favour or
friendship in all ways, not hurting his privilege in her
Majesty's laws. O'Neille's son bound to him in like sort, and
to his sons, restoring all the evidence he got in Ballymaky to
the Bishop.
" The 1 3th of April according the Church, the 3rd of April
according the English, 1 599.
" The Bishop's hand is to this, and Con O'Neille's."
Copy. Pp. 2.
April. 302. STATE of IRELAND at the arrival of the EARL OF ESSEX,
Vol. 600, P . 25i. April 1599.
" Leinster. In the co. of Dublin the mountain rebels, viz.,
the O'Bernes, the O'Tohills, the Galliglasses, with other Irish
septs, are in actual rebellion ; their strength 500, whereof
200 horse. In the co. of Kildare, James FitzPeirs, a
Geraldine, sheriff of the shire, Bastard Geraldines, being two
base brothers of the Earl of Kildare, one of the Dalahides,
Glashane O'Dempsie, and Lisaghe O'Dempsie, with the rest of
the O'Dempsies, and certain of the Eustaces, of kindred to the
late Viscount Baltinglasse, attainted : their forces are 230 and
20 horse. The cos. of Catherloghe and Waxford most part in
rebellion. The chief in these two counties are the Keva-
naghes, who with their followers are , whereof 50 are
horse. In the Queen's County, Wony McRorie O'More with
the rest of the Moores, who with their followers are 600,
whereof 30 are horse. In the King's County, [the] O'Connors
are in rebellion, with the O'Moloyes and the O'Donoughes :
their forces are 400, whereof 12 are horse. In the co. of Kil-
kenny, the Viscount Mountgarett, with his brother's sons
Richard, James, and Edward, and followers, are in rebellion,
with the O'Carrolls: their forces 150, whereof 20 are horse,
besides continual assistance from Tirone, to whose daughter
Mountgarett married his son.
" Heath. [In] Westmethe, the O'Mollaghlines, O'Foxes, Mc-
Coughlas, some of the Nugents and Geraldines, in action :
their forces 160. Captain Tin-ill hath 200, of which 20 are
horse. The cos. of Louth and Longford much wasted of
Ulster; [forces] 120.
" Ulster. Tliis province is in a manner all in revolt. Dun-
dalke, the chief frontier town between the English Pale and
Ulster, and Knockfergus, another principal town in the north
of Ulster, are both for her Majesty kept by garrisons. So is
the Newrye, Carlingford, Greencastle, and Narrowwater ; and
ELIZABETH. 299
1599.
in the Bready (sic} the castle of Ballindarogge, late Philip
O'Reylie's ; and this is all the footing her Majesty hath in
Ulster ; all the rest is in rebellioD. Neale McBryan Fertaghe,
Lord of the Upper Clandebouys, 80 foot and 50 horse. ID
the Whites' country, called the Dufferie, most part wood and
bog, 20. McArten and Slevaght, McO'Neale's country, 100
foot, 20 horse. In Kilwarlinge, Me hath 60 foot, 10
horse. In the Feager, beyond the Mynne water, Hugh Mc-
Moreartagh hath 40. Shane Me Theobald his country,
joining upon the Bann's side, 50 foot, 10 horse. James Mc-
Surlie Boy, , two brothers, Neere and Randon, in the
Routt, together with the , 100 foot and 100 horse. In
Macguire's country, Fermanaghe, 600 foot and 100 horse.
McMaghone, Ferry (sic) Clancaruell, and Patrick McArte
Moyle, in the co. of Monaghan, 500 foot and 160 horse.
Edmond O'Reilie usurpeth the Breny, called the co. of Cavan ;
500 foot, 60 horse. O'Cahan is able to make 500 foot and
200 horse. In Sleighe Art, Sir Arthur O'Neale's country,
300 foot, 60 horse. In Sir Henry Oge's country, McHenry
McShane, 200 foot, 40 horse. In the Fewes, Tirlo McO'Neale,
300 foot and 60 horse. O'Hagan's country, 100 foot, 30
horse. O'Quinne's country, 80 foot and 20 horse. Donologhe's
country, 200 foot and 60 horse. McCane's country, 100 foot,
12 horse. O'Neale hath always about him 700 foot and 200
horse. Cormucke McBaron, his brother, hath 300 foot and
40 horse. Hugh McGenis, O'Neal's father-in-law, hath 300
foot and 40 horse. In Tirconnell, being O'Donnell's country,
Sir John O'Dogherty, whose country joineth to Lough Foyle,
300 foot, 40 horse. The Doneloghes' country, being betwixt
the river of Finne and Lough Swillie, the son[s] of O'Donnell
have 150 foot and 30 horse. In McSwine's country, McSwyne
d[e] Band, McSwyne de Fand, and McSwyne d[e] Doe, 500
foot, 30 horse. O'Boyle's country reacheth to Calebegge, ] 00
foot, 20 horse. In the country of Donogall, where O'Donnell's
chief house is, 200 foot, 60 horse.
" Munster. In Tipperarie, the Lord Baron of Cahir and
James Butler his brother, with their followers and depen-
dances, 300 foot, 12 horse. Edmond FitzGibbon, alias the
White Knight, 400 foot, 30 horse. Ralph Purcell, Baron of
Loughmey. with his followers, 200 foot, 6 horse. Cahir Mc-
Shane Glasse O'Mulrian, and the rest of the O'Mulrians, 300
foot, 60 horse. Keadaghe O'Maghir, 60 foot, 30 horse.
Brian Oge O'Kennidie, Hugh O'Kennedie, with the rest of the
O'Kennedies in Ormond, 500 foot, 30 horse. Redmond
Burke, pretending himself Bavon of Letrym, and his bonoughes
300 foot, 20 horse. William Burke FitzJohn, with the rest
of the Burkes of Clanwilliam, 200 foot, 4 horse. In the co
of Corke, James FitzThomas, the supposed Earl of Desmond,
250 foot, 30 horse. The Lord Roche and Patrick Condon,
200 foot, 28 horse. Donoughe McCormucke, Lord of Dowal-
loghe, O'Kiffe, O'Kallahan, 200 foot, 8 horse. In Muskry,
300 CAREW MSS.
1599.
Bary Oge, and John, brother to the Lord Bary, 120 foot, 3 horse.
In Carbry, with David Burke, 500 foot. In Limbricke,
Pierce Lacy, with the McShees, Clanwilliam, and other septs,
300 foot, 15 horse. In Kerry, the Lord FitzMorice, Thomas
Oge, John De la Hide, the McMorice Toghes, and other fol-
lowers and strangers, 500 foot, 30 horse. In the co. of Des-
mond, O'Soullevant Beare, Dermond McOwen, calling himself
McCarthi More, 500 foot, GO horse. In Coshmore, in the co.
of Waterford, 200 foot, 10 horse. The total in Munster:
5,030 foot, 242 horse, and esteemed more by 100. The cities
and port towns, with all the best castles, still hold for the
Queen.
"Connaught. In Roscommon, O'Connor Sligoe, McDermond,
O'Flyn,0'Heare, O'Hanly, O'Flainergen, McSwyne Fanoughe,
McSleught, Duff Dalie, O'Kelly, all in action of rebellion ; their
strength 500 foot, 60 horse. In Sligo, McLamaghe O'Doody,
O'Hary Boy, O'Hart McDonoghe, O'Garry, 300 foot, 30 horse.
Letrym, called O'Roark's country, 600 foot, 60 horse.
In Mayo, Mo William, the Joyes, 600 foot, 60 horse ; some
castles here kept for the Queen. In Gallway, the sons of
Redmond ne Skoabe, uncle to the Earl of Clanrickard, 300
foot. In Sillauchie, four sons of Owen O'Maddin, whose
father was lately killed in action, 50 foot. In Ire-Connoghe,
the Joyes, McDonoghe, the Flahirties, 1 40 foot. In Clare, Teg
the Earl of Thomond's brother, with the O'Briens, Mc-
Nemaraghes, and others, 600 foot, 50 horse ; divers other
septs, tied by pledges, are in action."
Copy. Pp. 5.
Endorsed: "April 1599. A general computation of the
Irish forces in rebellion, when the Earl of Essex arrived in
Ireland."
May 28. 303. The QUEEN to the LOKD LIEUTENANT ( ESSEX).
Vol. 615, p. 440. Of late we referred the consideration of our right and of
the several claims made by Florence McCarty and Nicholas
Browne concerning the lands that were belonging to the Earl
of Clancarre to the report of him (you ?) our Lieutenant and
our Secretary here, being assisted with one of our Council in
Ireland, as, namely, St. Leger, Master of the Rolls, and Wil-
braham, our Solicitor, also of that kingdom, who, having
heard the cause sundry times, have in the end declared their
opinions of the estates of our right and their several claims,
and what course you thought meet to be held in the dis-
position thereof according to a brief hereinclosed."
For the loyalty and readiness of Florence to do us service
in Munster, we authorize . you to give order for our letters
patents to be poised, granting to him and Ellen his wife, and
their heirs male, such lands as were mortgaged to Browne,
and the rest of his (Florence's) lands " whereof he hath any
estate of inheritance ;" to be held by knight service at an
ELIZABETH. 301
1599.
annual rent of 120Z. Florence to pass an estate of inheritance
to Browne of the lands mortgaged.
" Of such lands of the said Earl's as Florence hath formerly
sued for, and were to that end appointed to be surveyed by
our President of Munster and others, we send you the sur-
vey." All the late Earl's seignories, duties, spendings, rents,
provisions, and superiorities are to be reserved to us. The
claims of the late Earl and Florence to lands in Clandonnell
Roe, Clandermody, Bearrhy, and other places, in right of the
Earl's wife, are to be passed to us and extinguished.
If you find cause, " stay or alter this direction." Insert
what conditions you think fit. We wish to relieve and
prefer Florence without any prejudice to ourself. He has
" informed us that if he might have charge of some of the
Irish, as some others have, he could thereby do good service."
Under the Signet, Greenwich, 28 May, 41 Eliz. " This is
a true copy. Tho. Lake."
Pp. 2. Endorsed : " Copy of her Majesty's letters to the
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland," &c.
June 22. 304. PROCEEDINGS of the EARL OF ESSEX.
Vol. 621, p. 126. "A Journal of the Occurrences of the Camp from the
21st of May until the last of the same month, and
thence continued till the 22nd of June 1599."
On Monday, 21 May, the Lord Lieutenant returned to the
camp, attended on by the same troop of horse which before
accompanied him to Kilkenny. On the 22nd he marched
forwards towards Munster, and lodged at night in a small
village called Claynbroghan. On the 23rd he removed to
Clumell, on the Shoure (Suir), where the army rested that
day and the next, to refresh themselves and to wait for the
coming of cannon and munition from Waterford. His Lord-
ship, with a troop of horse, went to meet the companies from
Waterford, whose rendezvous he had assigned about two
miles beneath the town, near a castle called Darrilayrie,
belonging to the Lord of Cahir, but held by the rebels.
Upon the arrival of these forces his Lordship summoned
the castle, which is seated on the Shoure and commands
the passage by boat from Clumell to Waterford. The rebels
surrendered, and were pardoned. A ward of 30 soldiers of
Captain Clare's company was left theie.
On the morrow (25th) his Lordship caused the vanguard
and the battayle to march towards a fair green within a mile
of the town. " Himself went to the Key, and used all possible
diligence for hastening after the artillery, being one cannon
and one culverin ; howbeit, because the bi'idges, where of force
it was to pass, were weak, and all things necessary for the
quick repairing of them wholly- wanted, he was constrained
to leave it behind, with order for the guarding and conducting
of it by the rearguard, with the help of some few horse;
302 CAREW MSS.
1599.
and, for the lack of draught-horses, it should be drawn
by force of men's hands; which the day following was
accordingly performed."
His Lordship overtook the vanguard, and caused them to
stay one English mile short of the castle of Cahir, the chief
house of Thomas Butler, Lord of Cahir, a place of greater
strength than any in this kingdom, and of great consequence,
" being a passage upon the river, a cover for the best part of
the co. of Tipperary, and a near neighbour to the White
Knight's country, to the Burckes' country (called Clanwilliam
and Muskery), and to Arlo, the principal fastness which the
rebels of Munster have." It is strong by nature, being seated
on a main rock in an island in the river. " Southward it
hath a great bawne, compassed with an high stone wall,
which (besides those of the castle) hath two flankers in itself;
and (after you have gained the bawne) another strong stone
wall ere you come to the house. On the north side you have
two great square towers, which flank both one another, and
the curtain betwixt them, being all seated on the highest and
most inaccessible part of the rock. On the west side run two
deep streams, of force to be passed ere you come to the castle ;
a fauxmoore also at the foot of the rock ; and withal the
flanks of the castle and one of the bawne, which lie very
commodiously to beat on any approaches that way. On the
east side there lieth (besides the stream) a main rock, as on
all sides else ; the flank of the bawne and of the square
towers of the castle within ; another f auxmure, which
covereth the port of the bawne ; a great round tower that
comes out of the body of the castle into the bawne as a
bulwark ; and a small low round tower at the foot of the
rock and end of the fauxmoore, which flanketh both the
castle and bawne, and standeth almost in the nature of a
little casamatte."
The Lord Cahir should have yielded this castle upon the
approach of this army, according to his submission and his
word sundry times given to the Lord Lieutenant. He was
charged by his Lordship at Clumell with having received
strangers into his castle, who wished to make a party for toe
White Knight, and against the delivery of the place ; but his
brother, who was in it, sent word that none were in it but his
own kinsmen and followers, and that it should be surrendered
the next day. Thereupon the Lord Lieutenant sent him with
Sir Henry Davers to draw forth his brother and the ward,
and to admit the garrison appointed to hold it. But Davers
returned with assurance that the castle would be obstinately
defended, "adding that Cahir himself was insolently and
disgracefully used by those who came out to parley/'
The Lord Lieutenant called to Council the Earl of Ormond,
the Marshal (Bingham), Sir George Bourchier, Sir Warham
St. Leger, and the Sergeant-Major, to consider what means
he had to force the place. Finding Ids means very scarce, he
ELIZABETH. 303
sent for more munitions from Waterford, and ordered victuals
to be daily supplied by the towns thereabouts. He also sent
letters to the lords of countries adjoining for beoves.
"Moreover, he called again for the Lord Cahir, and in
presence of his brother-[in]-law, the Viscount Montgarrett,
laid before him the greatness of his fault in falsifying his
word, .... assuring him withal, that, howsoever he and his
complices might hold the place invincible, yet his Lordship
was resolved not to depart thence till he had reduced it, ...
which so moved him that immediately he sued for licence
to parley once again with the castle.'' Cahir's negotiation
proved fruitless.
The whole of the army was lodged next day on the east
side of the river, because, if it had been divided, the rebel
force (about 5,000) might have attacked either part. At
night the Lord Lieutenant went to view the castle. "A
trench was that night cast up within 50 paces of the castle,
and there a platform made for the cannon. Gabyons were
also set up and filled, to cover the gunners. The culverin was
placed somewhat further off, where it might see more of the
flanks of the castle, and so beat down their sights. The next
day, in the morning, the cannon and culverin began to play ;
but the cannon's carriage brake at the second shot, and could
not be repaired in a day and a half. The culverin was for
a while cloyed with a bullet, but, being cleared, it shot that
day some 50 shot, so that the rebels scarcely durst keep in
any tower, or fight on that side."
At evening the Lord Lieutenant, finding the rebels went
in and out of the castle at their pleasures, sent 300 men under
Captains Brett and Chamberlayne to take possession of its
" orcheyearde ;" Sir Thomas Gates to second them, and the
Marshal to see them intrenched. This was effected with
small loss, but Captain Brett was slain. Had the enemy
resolutely defended this orchard, 40 men might easily have
held out against 4,000, as it is intrenched by the river, and was
strongly " plashed " within. As, however, the rebels next day
sent in a succour of 40 or 50 men, and drew out some that were
least serviceable, the Lord Lieutenant took possession of an
island, and contrived to victual his men there by putting boats a
little down the river, and thence carrying them on men's backs
above the castle, and so putting them again down the stream.
The culverin was then drawn down nearer, and next morning
both it and the cannon played all the day long, and great
breaches were made. The engineers were ordered to make
ready ladders, scaffolds, and '* sowes," that our men, in climb-
ing up, might be protected from stones and whatever else
might be cast down upon them ; and the chief petarryer to
make ready his petars to play upon the wall, where a sap was
to be made. In case either attempt took effect, Sir Charles
Percy with four old companies and two colonels were directed
to make an assault. In the night the rebels attempted
304 CAREW MSS.
1599.
to save their lives by sally, but they were so well received by
Sir Charles Percie and Sir Christopher St. Lawrence that
very few escaped, and those only by swimming. The castle
was immediately entered, the cannon and culverin drawn into
it, and the breaches repaired. Captain George Carye, who
had been wounded in the face, was left in command of it with
his company of TOO foot.
On 31st May the army dislodged, and encamped that night
near the abbey of Athashell. Being unable to pass the Shouer
by reason of the great rain, his Lordship spent a day in
repairing the bridge at Golan, over which the army passed,
and that night lodged a mile from Tipperary.
We received a letter from Sir Thomas Norries, Lord Presi-
dent of Munster, showing that in his march from Buttivan
he had killed 50 rebels of the sept of the Burghes, and forced
others to fly to a bog ; and that he was hurt in the head with
a pike. " The next morning his Lordship, accompanied with
200 horse, went to see him at the hospital, seven miles from
his own quarter, and the same night met again with the
army at Cullin-Agony." On 4th June his Lordship reached
Limerick, where the President came to him.
While in Limerick the Lord President was advertised of
the distress of the castle of Askeyton, anciently the chief
house of the Earl of Desmond, lying in the midst of the rebels
in Conelo. He resolved in person to revictual it, as the pre-
tended Earl of Desmond had solemnly vowed to impeach our
passage. We departed on Friday, 8th June. His Lordship
despatched the Governor of Connaught (Clifford) and the Earl
of Clanricarde to their charges. The army marched that day to
Adare, a town of the Earl of Kildare's, in the midst of woods
and bogs. Here the pretended Desmond with his Connaught
men and " bonaughts " presented themselves, betwixt 2,000
and 3,000 men, with five or six ensigns flying, but did not
prevent us from crossing the bridge. Seven of our com-
panies were lodged in an old abbey there. Next morning,
being exactly informed of the way by the guides, we entered
a pass a quarter of a mile long. " When the Lord Lieutenant,
accompanied with the Marshal (Bingham) and the Earl of Tho-
mond, who that day led the forlorn hope, entered the mouth of
the pass, they (the rebels) discharged at him a volley of shot."
After some skirmishing we got through the pass, and through
the wood at the end of it. Our soldiers " went so coldly on "
at first that his Lordship was forced to reproach their baseness.
The rebels lost 100 of their Connaught men, while not above
six of ours were slain, and some 20 hurt. We then marched
to Cappaghe, two miles from Askeyton, upon the river
Dyle.
" The next day, being 'Sabbath day, his Lordship gave
order for divine service and sermons to be made in every
quarter." After dinner he went to Askeiton, to see the
entering of the victuals sent by boat from Lymbrick. The
ELIZABETH. 305
1599.
enemy, who had blocked up the river, dislodged upon the
approach of our army. Returning to the camp he passed
the Dyle, and lodged at Calloughe. He received advice that
the bastard who now pretends to be McCarty Moore and
the Lord McMorris were come with all their forces to James
FitzThomas, who lay within two miles of our quarters, and
that the next day they resolved to fight with the army.
The Lord Lieutenant consulted his guides about the way
he was to pass, and next day, llth June, marched forward.
Lord Grey, who commanded the vanguard of horse, dis-
covered the rebels, and advanced so far that Mr. Markeham
was shot through the cheek. Tiien the rebels, out of a great
wood, began to skirmish with our vanguard, and attempted
to beat in our wings of shot. The Lord Lieutenant called off
all his men, and thus drew the rebel from his strength. The
rebels were then beaten back into the wood, with their
ambuscades, and many of their meli killed. Sir Henry
Norries and Captain Jennyngs were shot. When Sir H.
Norryes was hurt, the Earl of Southampton led on that troop
of horse. The Marshal, the Sergeant-Major, Sir Thomas
Jermyn, and Sir Alexander Radcliffe did good service. We
then marched on without let ; but " the enemy still breathed
out great vaunts of wonders they would do, especially at
another place of far more straightness and advantage to
them, which within a mile we were to pass." This night
we encamped by Crumme, " a principal castle of the Earls of
Kildare, standing, as Adare, upon the May."
On 1 2th June the Lord Lieutenant left the army at the
Broughe, and went to Killmalloughe with the Earl of Or
mond, the Marshal, the Master of the Ordnance, and Sir
Warram St. Leger. He there met the President of Munster
(who had been left at Limerick), and consulted with him
and the above-named councillor how the army might be
provided with victual and munition, and where it would
be fittest for him to divide his forces and part with the
President of Munster. " The present difficulties of the army
forced him to make these propositions ; for he well knew
that all the money which had been in the Vice- Treasurer's
hands was already issued ; that there was no magazine, no
remnant of any kind of victual of her Majesty's store ; that
those few cows which were left would be eaten in two
days ;" that little help could be expected from Killmal-
lough; and there was hardly enough munition for three
days.
These points were answered thus. In returning, his Lord-
ship might make choice of three ways, "either from Kill-
maloughe through the county of Tipperary, and so over the
Souer at Golan bridge (lately repaired by his Lordship) ; or
the White Knight's country, called Clangibbon, and thence
to Calyyr and Clumell ; or through part of the Lord Roche's
country, and the country of Patrick Conder, and so to
27 U
306 CAREW MSS.
1599.
Coneigh, the pretended Earl's castle (a place which he had
strongly guarded, as being his chief mansion house, and in
the strength whereof he reposed especial trust), and so to
Leixmore, whence he might either over the mountains pass
to Clumell, or by Dungarvan go straight to Waterford. If
the first, he was presently to part his forces at Killmalloughe.
If the second, he must carry all through Clangibbon, and
return the President by the fair champion way of Tipperary.
If the third, he must divide his forces about Leixmore.
" The first was the shortest and easiest way for his Lord-
ship, but for the President far the worst, the whole forces of
the rebels being likely to fall upon him, and if the Lord
Lieutenant should carry away any munition with himself,
there being not sufficient to answer such services as the
Munster companies were in all likelihood to be put unto,
ere they could be supplied. Besides the victual fell out
every way very short for both. The second was thought
altogether fruitless, the White Knight holding no place in all
his country ; his chief castle of Ballibey being broken down
by himself upon the first bruit of the winning of Cahir. As
for his neighbours,* they were all driven into Arlo, a strong
fastness, where our army, so pestered with carriages, could
not possibly pursue them. The last seemed longest and
subject to greatest difficulties ; for to pass by Conney with-
out forcing it might be reputed dishonorable, and to attempt
it with so weak means no less dangerous, we being well
assured that the rebel forces would wait on us all the way."
The Lord Lieutenant, however, resolved on the last,
because the Lord President "confidently assumed to procure"
beeves out of the Lord Barrie's country, Muskerry, and the
Desses, and from Cork a convoy of munition could be sent
to the Broad Water at Farmoy, or to Castle Lions, three miles
from Conney. The Earl and the rest agreed to this.
On 13th June the army marched to Arnaskighe, three
miles from Killmallocke, at the foot of the mountain, which
the next morning we passed, and lodged at Glanmoure, a
town of the Viscount Roch. The Lord Lieutenant with 100
horse went' to Mallo, the Lord President's house, whence
he despatched to Cork 30 horse and 40 harquebuziers on
horseback, for munition. The day following be met the army
at Fermoy, having at Mallo received the submission of John
Delahide, a gentleman of the English Pale by birth, but now
seated in Kerry, who, for the safety of his goods, had taken
part with the rebels. Cormack McDermott attended his
Lordship, and brought to him 100 cows and 200 kearne, all
pickes and shot, saving some few horsemen. The Lord
Barry met us with 60 horse, and was commanded to send out
spies, and " to go for the assuring of the convoy."
* "Neights"inMS.
ELIZABETH. 307
1599.
On the 16th the army dislodged. They were lightly
skirmished with in . two passes, but the rebels were beaten.
Sir H. Davers was shot in the face. His Lordship purposed
to lodge that night half a mile short of Conney, and there to
await his convoy ; but finding the place burned and aban-
doned by the rebels, he lodged the army betwixt Conney
and Mogheily, a castle which H. Pine holds of Sir Walter
Eawleighe.
On Sunday, 17th June, a letter came from the Lord Barrie,
that he had brought the convoy safe to Castle Lyons, but
the rebels lay near the way with all their forces. His Lord-
ship, deferring the sermons till the afternoon, with 1,000 foot
and 200 horse, met the convoy and brought it to the camp.
Next day we marched to Affane on the Broad Water.
We passed through a great pass by Lisfynnen, " where the
rebels threatened to take their leaves of us, and to leave in
our army some impression of their valour ; but we saw not a
man of them." We were well prepared for them ; and the
previous night his Lordship had secretly placed 400 chosen
men in the bawne and outhouses of Lysfinnen. At Affane
we had to pass a ford which is only passable within an hour
before and after low water. That night one half only passed ;
the rest crossed on the morrow at break of day. We marched
to a little village two miles from Dungarvan and five
from Affane. " By the way his Lordship returned those 15
companies, which the President of Munster brought with
him at their first meeting, to Youghall, taking the Lord
President himself along with him."
That night the Council was assembled at the Lord Lieu-
tenant's tent. His Lordship demanded of the President what
forces he thought sufficient for pursuing the war in Munster.
He answered that with 50 horse and 800 foot added to those
he had already he would think himself strong enough. His
Lordship thereupon assigned him his brother's company of
horse, and 100 foot more than he demanded all chosen com-
panies commanded by able aud gallant commanders.
They next considered the fittest planes for garrisoning ;
" for by garrisons only the heart of the rebellious Irish is to
be broken." Choice was made of some, and their commanders
and numbers were appointed.
After the Council had broken up, his Lordship drew in-
structions for the Lord President, and signed them. The
chief points were these : what head he should make ; what
place[s] he should seek to make good in case the foreign
enemy should invade the province ; how he should carry
himself to those who offer to submit. He was to burn and
spoil all saving that which either the owners could defend or
should bring under the defence and favour of the garrisons ;
for the province would thus be disabled from nourishing
hirelings and strangers, and the rebels would be starved.
To place a garrison in every walled town, especially in the
U 2
308 CAREW MSS.
1590.
ports ; and to put liimself with most of his forces into one
special place, which the Lord Lieutenant had chosen to be
the seat of the war. That in receiving men to mercy he
should carefully look into their former behaviour, and com-
mand them to deliver their best pledges, to book all their
followers and servants and undertake for them, and to bring
all their substance under the command of one of the garrisons.
The Lord President departed on 20th June.
His Lordship marched to Ballaonny in the Lord Poore's
country, having himself in the morning gone somewhat out of
the way to view the port and castle of Dungarvan. On the 21st
the army was brought within three miles of Waterford, and
his Lordship, with two companies of horse, lodged in the
city.
Copy. Pp. 19.
July 1. 305. PROCEEDINGS of the EARL OF ESSEX.
Vol. 621, p. 136. A Journal of the Lord Lieutenant's Proceedings from the
22nd of June to the 1st of July 1599."
" The 22nd of June the army was brought from Stonny-
bridge to the Passage (a village so named because it is on the
side of the passage or ferry from the co. of Waterford into the
co. of Wexford), whither the Lord Lieutenant commanded all
the boats of Waterford, Rosse, and the Caricke to be gathered
together the next morning by break of the day. But the
ferry being broad, the boats not great, and the carriages of
our army far greater than ever heretofore in this country
followed so few fighting men, his Lordship, coming from
Waterford (where he had carefully reviewed her Majesty's
magazines of victual and munition) the morrow after Mid-
summer Day, found most of his horse unpassed. In regard
whereof, having lodged all his foot within half a mile from
Ballihacke, he went with two companies of horse to Tynterne,
a house of Sir Thomas Cock! eye's, there expecting the passage
of the rest of the horsemen, and leaving behind him the
Marshal (Bingham) to hasten them with all speed, which the
next morning was performed ; and in the afternoon by his
Lordship's directions they marched three or four miles over
against Tynterne, but more towards the heart of the country.
" His Lordship in the meantime, being desirous to view all
the coast betwixt Waterford and Wexford, held his course
by the sea-side, and lodged that night at Ballinegarre, a
house belonging to Sir James Devreux, meeting the army
the next day at Ballibrenen, where (whence ?) the day follow-
ing we marched to a ford, which is betwixt Eniscorthy and
Femes. His Lordship emploj^ed the forenoon in viewing the
state and strength of Enyscorthie, and of the troops there in
garrison ; the afternoon in seeing the skirt of the Duffry, the
chief fastness of Donnell Spaniaghe, who now pretends of
(sic) the Cavenaghs, and McMurragh, which in the Irish
ELIZABETH. 309
1599.
account is no less than to be King of Leynister. His Lordship
also went [to] a ground lying betwixt Eniscorty and this
fastness, where the garrison not long before had skirmished
with Donnell Spaniaghe, and upon the place examined the
captains of the circumstances, and how they had carried
themselves in that skirmish.
" Since our departure from Waterford till this day we saw
not one rebel. Being come to the Duffry side, in the very
edge of the wood, some of them showed themselves, . . .
without giving us so much as one alarm, though that night
we lodged within a quarter of a mile of them, and on the
same side of the ford.
" At Eniscorty and at this encamping his Lordship con-
ferred with the Council at war, what course from thence he
should take, and whether he should carry the garrison of
Eniscorty along with him or not. For the first, it was
resolved we should go to Femes, and, thence to Arcloughe,
in regard the ways through the DufFrey were all plashed, and
the forces in a manner of all the Leynister rebels there assem-
bled, against all which we could not have opposed above
1,200 foot (the hurt and sick men being excepted), who if
they had been alone, the difficulty had been far less. But
they were clogged with at least thrice as many churls, horse-
boys, and other like unserviceable people, which of necessity
were to be guarded by our troops. Besides, .... in all
those quarters there lay no castle or fort of importance to be
taken in, nor prey to be gotten (their cattle being all in
Phellim McFeagh's country) At Arcloe it was
thought fitter to leave sick men and part of our carriages,
and with a light running camp to attempt somewhat upon
the rebels, if we were not fought withal at our passage.
" The 29th day we marched to a place called Cooleshell.
Tn passing, his Lordship view[ed] the castle of Femes, which
he conceived to be a fitter place for a garrison than Eniscorty,
were it not that the want of a navigable river .... did
countervail the nearness of it to the rebels' fastness. The
same day his Lordship was advertised that the
rebels the day following purposed to fight with us, the rather
because they had two or three places where they might with
advantage attempt either on our vanguard or rearguard of
foot, and where the horse could not serve them. Wherefore
the next morning we marched in the strongest order we could,
and, to whet the rebels' choler and courage, we being to pass
through a country called the Kinsoles (which yieldeth main-
tenance to many of the rebels' hired men), his Lordship all
the day long burned both in his way and on each side.
" The first . . . resistance was at a village on our right
hand, seated on the skirt of a great wood, and flanked on two
sides with two groves of underwood The village was
burnt without loss of a man
" Four miles short of Arcloe we saw their forces drawn down
2 7 *
310 CAREW MSS.
1599.
to a river's side, which for half a mile together ran within a
musket shot of our highway, and over which there was a
ford near to the sea, through which our guides directed our
carriages and footmen to pass. . . . Some of our old Irish
soldiers, finding the rebels to give way, unadvisedly passed
over the river ; . . . which the Lord Lieutenant perceiving,
he passed a deep ford with 100 English horse, and sent to the
Earl of Ormond (who with his horse was passed at the further
ford near the sea-side) to second those, and to draw nearer
the foot that were so disorderly engaged Captain
Esmond, captain of 100 foot, was shot
" All our army was drawn over the ford towards the sea-
side ; which way, being heavy and deep, was refused by the
Lord Lieutenant, and another chosen, which for one mile had
some small passes in it, where the rebels offered skirmish to
our troops, but to little purpose, for they kept so far oif, that
his Lordship commanded our men to spare their powder.
Near the last pass the Lord Lieutenant placed an ambush of
30 horse, commanding the army to march on, and himself
staying upon a hill a musket shot off, with the rearward of
horse ; on which hill he made show of as many coloured coats
as they had seen before, and as many horses, for with boys
upon spare led horses and hackneys the number was supplied.
But the rebels, fearing to come upon champion ground, coasted
still along on our left hand.
" From this place for two miles we had a fair champion,
at the end whereof was a great ascent, and yet, at the top
o ithis ascent, two high hills on either hand." His Lord-
ship hastened to the top of one of these hills, and discerned
the vanguard, with the Earl of Ormond and the Marshal,
already advanced as far as Arcloe, and the rebels' forces
(800 foot and 40 horse) marching to cut off our carriages
and a wing of 50 or 60 footmen. This was the fault of the
guides, who carried Ormond and the Marshal hard by the sea-
side, where they could not see the country nor be seen by
their own wings.
The Lord Lieutenant sent to the Sergeant-Major, then
leading the rearward, for 300 of the lightest foot, and all the
horse, and in the meantime went with the Earl of South-
ampton to rescue our men, who were about to be cut in pieces.
The rebels stood on a bog, behind which was a shrubby wood,
which joined the sand hills. The Lord Lieutenant sent all
the gentlemen on horseback (Sir Edward Wyngefyeld only
excepted) with the Earl of Southampton to the plain on the
right hand, while he drew down to the wings. When the
rebels perceived the small number of horse and foot, they
came on with a louder cry and more speed than before. " In
this coming on, Captain Roach, an Irishman by birth, who
had long served the French King, with a shot had his leg
shivered, and was straightways earned off. But immediately
the Earl of Southampton with the horse gave a charge so
ELIZABETH. 311
1599.
resolute and so home, that he entered the wood so far as any
way the bog would suffer him ; Mr. Robert Vernon, Captain
Constable, and Mr. Coxe being all bogged, and forced to quit
their horse." Mr. Coxe had received his death's wound ;
Captain Constable had two wounds; and Mr. Vernon, who
had killed a leader, lay under his horse till Mr. Bellington
quitted his own horse to help him up. Lord Morleye's son, heir
to the Baron of Mountegle, Mr. George Manners, Mr. Thomas
Weste, Sir Thomas Jermyn, Sir Alexander Radcliffe, Sir
Thomas Egerton, Captain Poolye, Mr. Carewe Reynolds, and
Mr. Heydon served bravely.
On the other side his Lordship sent down Lieutenant
Bushell to lead a wing of shot at the same instant when my
Lord of Southampton charged ; and to succour these he sent
Ensign Constable. He was then attacked by the rebels, but
by that time he " bad gotten the foot to stand firm, to keep
order, to forbear noises and speeches of fear and amazement ;
for a poorer company there could not have been lighted on in
all the army." The rebels, staying for their gross to come up,
gave our horsemen from the rearward leisure to approach.
Thirty of the horse were sent to the Earl of Southampton.
Captain William Norryes, corporal, was ordered to charge
with 15 horse, who were supported by 15 others under a
corporal of Sir H. Davers's company. Twenty musketeers
flanked the going on and coming off of the horse. The rebels
were put back, and, being discouraged, they made head the
other way through the bog and wood against the Earl of
Southampton, who repulsed them. Then came the Marshal
with some more horse, Sir H. Poore with 300 foot from the
vanguard, and Captain Chamberlaine with 200 from the rear-
guard. The rebels then endeavoured to secure possession of
the wood and bog ; but on the Sergeant-Major coming up
with Sir H. Docwray and all the ensigns of the rearguard,
the rebels were forced to turn their backs in disorder, " many
throwing away their arms, and some so amazed that they
stuck in the bog, and were overtaken and killed by our men,
though being otherwise far slower and heavier than they."
His Lordship gave direction for following the chase ; and
then we marched away to Arcloe.
The rebels' forces consisted of the Cavenaghes, the traitors
of co. Wexford and Low Lyniester, the Burnes, the Tooles,
the O'Moores of Leix, and all their bonnaghtes. Their leaders
were Donnell Spaniagh, Phelim McFeagh, and McRowry.
Our loss was not above one or two common soldiers, besides
Mr. Coxe.
" The pursuit being ended, Phelim McFeaghe called to an
Irishman, and desired him to tell the Lord Lieutenant that
he humbly craved leave to come to speak with him, with
condition that he might have his Lordship's word for his safe
return ; and prayed the messenger to get him an answer.
His Lordship's answer was that if he sent to Arcloe for a
312 CAREW MSS.
1599.
passport only to come as a repentant rebel, to tender his
absolute submission to her Majesty's servant and minister,
authorised by her royal commission, he should have such a
safeconduct ; but if he sent in any other form, or to any
other purpose, he would execute the messenger ; for he
would never suffer his commission to be dishonoured by
treating or parleying with rebels.
"Our quarter that night was at Arcloe. And the day
following* we marched towards Wyckeloe, and encamped
three miles short of it, right against the place where Sir H.
Harrington was overthrown. Thence we hold f our direct
course towards Dublin."
Copy. Pp. 10.
July 11. 306. The EARL OF ESSEX to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 621, p. 141. "In my last, sent by Greene from Wyclowe, I gave an
account of the end of my journey through Mounster and
Lynister; since which time till I came to Dublin the care of the
troops . . . and my daily marches did take up all my time. To
Dublin I brought an indisposed and distempered body, yet
forced myself to spend the next morning after my coming in
Council, where I both gave and demanded an account of all
that had passed during our separation, and conferred of our
necessa,ry provisions against my going into the North
" Upon our breaking up of Council, I delivered myself to
the physicians, who had charge of me for three days, though
all that while I received and answered all letters from several
parts of this kingdom, and did my best to give contentment
to private suitors.
" On Monday last I called a martial court upon the captains
and officers who were under Sir H. Harrington, when our
troops, having advantage of number and no disadvantage of
ground, were put in rout, and many cut in pieces, without
striking a blow. In this court Peirce Walshe, lieutenant to
Captain Adam Lofbus, for giving the first example of cowar-
dice and dismaying to the troops, was condemned to die, and
afterwards accordingly executed. The other captains and
officers, though they forsook not their places assigned them,
but were forsaken by their soldiers, yet, because in such an
extremity and distaste they did not something very extraor-
dinary, both by their example to encourage the soldier and to
acquit themselves, were all cashiered, and are still kept in
prison. The soldiers, being before condemned all to die, were
by me most of them pardoned, and for example's sake every
tenth man only executed. Sir H. Harrington, because he is
a privy councillor in this kingdom, I forbear to bring to trial
till I know her Majesty's pleasure.
* "1st July" in the margin. f Sic.
ELIZABETH. 313
1599.
" Since my tedious and painful sitting on Monday, I have
not been free any one hour from alarms, both from the
West and from the North, Tirone lying with one half of his
forces by Dondalke, and his brother Cormack, McGuyre,
O'Rourke, and McMahon with the other half upon the border
of Westineath ; so that every hour I send out messengers,
troops, and directions, and yet am no whole hour free from
indisposition. And albeit the poor men that marched witli
me eight weeks together be very weary and unfit for a new
journey, and besides the horsemen so divided that I cannot
draw 300 to an end ; yet, as fast as I can call these troops
together, I will go look on yonder proud rebel. And if I find
him on hard ground and in an open country, though I should
find him in horse and foot three for one, yet will I, by God's
grace, dislodge him, or put the Council here to the trouble of
choosing a Lord Justice.
" But to leave this, and to come to that which I never
looked should have come to me I mean your Lordships' letter
touching the displacing of the Earl of Southampton. Your
Lordships say that her Majesty thinketh it strange, and taketh
it ofiensible, that I appointed the Earl of Southampton general
of the horse, seeing her Majesty not only denied it when I
moved it, but gave an express prohibition to any such choice.
Surely, my Lords, it shall be far from me to contest with
your Lordships, much less with her Majesty, howbeit God and
my own soul are my witnesses that I had not in this nomi-
nation any disobedient or irreverent thought. That I ever
moved her Majesty for the placing of any officer, my commis-
sion freely enabling me to make free choice of all officers and
commanders of the army, I remember not. That her Majesty
in the privy chamber at Richmond, I only being with her,
showed a dislike of his having any office, I do confess. But
my answer was that, if her Majesty would revoke my com-
mission, I would cast both myself and it at her Majesty's
feet ; but if it pleased her Majesty that I should execute it, I
must work with mine own instruments. And from this pro-
fession and protestation I never varied. Whereas, if I had
held myself barred from giving my Lord of Southampton
place and reputation someway answerable to his degree and
expense, no man I think doth imagine that I loved him so ill
as to have brought him over. Therefore, if her Majesty
punish me with her displeasure for this choice, p&na dolenda
venit.
" And now, my Lords, were it as then it was that I were
to choose, or were there nothing in a new choice but my Lord
of Southampton's disgrace and my discomfort, I should easily
be induced to displace him, and to part with him. But when,
in obeying this commandment, I must discourage all my
friends, who now, seeing the days of my suffering draw near,
follow me afar off, and are some of them tempted to renounce
314 CAREW MSS.
1599.
me, when I must dismay the army, which already looks
sadly upon me, as pitying both me and itself in this comfort-
less action, when I must encourage the rebels, who doubtless
will think it time to hew upon a withering tree, whose leaves
they see beaten down and the branches in part cut off, when
for ever I must disable myself in the course of this service,
the world now clearly perceiving that I either want reason to
judge of merit, or freedom to right it (disgraces being there
heaped where in my opinion rewards are due), give just
grief leave once to exclaim, ' O miserable employment, and
more miserable destiny of mine, that makes it impossible for
me to please and serve her Majesty at once ! ' Was it treason
in my Lord of Southampton to marry my poor kinswoman,
that neither long imprisonment nor no punishment, besides
that hath been usual in like cases, can satisfy or appease?
Or will no kind of punishment be fit for him, but that which
punisheth not him, but me, this army, and poor country of
Ireland ? Shall I keep this country when the army breaks, or
shall the army stand when all our voluntaries leave it ? Or
will my voluntaries stay when those whom they have will
and cause to follow are thus handled ? No, my Lords, they
already ask passports, and that daily ; yea, I protest before
God, they that have best-conditions here are as weary of them
as prisoners of fetters. They know this people knows
yea, the rebels know my discomforts and disgraces. It is a
common demand, ' How shall he long prosper, to whom they
which have her Majesty's ear as much as any wish worse
than to Tyrone and O'Donell ?'....
" I do prostrate myself at her Majesty's feet. I will humbly
and contentedly suffer whatsoever her Majesty will lay upon
me. I will take any disgraceful displacing of me or after
punishing of me dutifully and patiently. But I dare not,
whilst I am her Majesty's minister in this great action, do
that which shall overthrow both me and it. Deal with me,
therefore, as with one of yourselves whose faith and services
you know. Deal with this action as with that which will
make you all joy or mourn. Deal with her Majesty according
to her infinite favours and your oaths, that she do not one day
resume the saying of Augustus, ' Had Maecenas or Agrippa
been alive, she should have sooner been put in mind of her
own danger.' "
Dublin, 11 July 1599.
P.S. " Your Lordships' letters of the 27th of June touch-
ing the discharge or revictualling of her Majesty's ships here
had been answered ere this, but that I made a despatch by
my servant Gibon from Waterford to your Lordship the Lord
Admiral (the Earl of Nottingham), for order to be sent to
Waterford for the now victualling of them."
Copy. Pp. 4.
ELIZABETH. 315
1599.
July 19. 307. The QUEEN to the EARL OF ESSEX, Lord Lieutenant.
VoL 601, p. I79a. We perceive by your letters to our Council, brought by
Henry Carye, that you have arrived at Dublin after your
journey into Munster. You do not inform us when you
intend to proceed to the northern action. Much time and
excessive charges have been spent to little purpose.
" Your two months' journey hath brought in never a
capital rebel, against whom it had been worthy to have
adventured one thousand men ; for of these two comings in that
were brought unto you by Ormonde (namely, Mountgarret
and Cahir), whereupon ensued the taking of Cahir Castle,
full well do we know that you would long since have scorned
to have allowed it for any great matter in others to have
taken an Irish hold from a rabble of rogues with such force
as you had and with the help of the cannon, which was always
able in Ireland to make his passage where it pleased."
Nothing has been done which the President (Norris)
might not have effected. On the other enterprise depends
our greatest expectation. What displeases us most " is that
it must be the Queen of England's fortune (who hath held
down the greatest enemy she had) to make a base Irish
kerne to be accounted so famous a rebel." Ormonde assured
us that he "delivered you a charge of a kingdom without
either town maritime or inland or hold possessed by the
traitors." Tyrone has been pleased to see our army em-
ployed against " those base rogues," who were not strength-
ened by foreign armies, but only by his offal. " Little do
you know how he hath blazed in foreign parts the defeats
of regiments, the death of captains, and loss of men of quality
in eveiy corner." Surprises would have found better success
than public and notorious marches. Regiments should not
be committed to young gentlemen ; and you have not in-
formed us " who they be that spend our treasure and carry
places of note in our army."
" Your pen flatters you with phrases, that here you are
defeated, that you are disgraced from hence in your friends'
fortune, that poor Ireland suffers in you." These are the
effects of your own actions, which are contrary to our will,
and cause an opinion that any person may dare displease us.
We will not tolerate this. " Whosoever it be that you do
clad with any honours or places wherein the world may read
the least suspicion of neglect or contempt of your command-
ments, we will never make dainty to set on such shadows as
shall quickly eclipse any of those lustres."
" You allege such weakness in our army by being travailed
with you, and find so great and important affairs to digest
at Dublin, [but you] will yet engage yourself personally into
Ophally (being our Lieutenant), where you have so many
inferiors able enough to victual a fort, or seek revenge of those
that have lately prospered against our forces." In order to
316 CAREW MSS.
1599.
plant garrisons in the North and assail that proud rebel, we
command you to pass thither with all speed.
" For the matter of [the Earl of] Southampton [Wriothes-
ley], it is strange to us that his continuance or displacing
should work so great an alteration either in yourself (valuing
our commandments as you ought) or in the disposition of
our army." His counsel and experience can be of little use ;
nor do we believe your assertion that the " voluntary gentle-
men are so discouraged thereby, as they begin to desire
passports and prepare to return."
Greenwich, 19 July 1599.
Copy. Pp. 5.
-Aug. 10. 308. The QUEEN to the LORD LIEUTENANT and COUNCIL of
Vol. 601, p. isa. IRELAND.
" The letter which we have received this day of that
Council concerning your opinions for the northern action
doth rather deserve reproof than much answer." We see
you dissuade that which must be done. Courtesies have
made it of greater difficulty. You (the Lieutenant) are fol-
lowing the examples of the late Deputies Russell and Fitz-
Williams. You of that Council have been the cause of that
corruption in religion, by favouring Popery ; and it was you
who persuaded our Lieutenant, on his landing, to make so
long a journey into Munster. Now we receive new argu-
ments framed to keep our army out of the North, and thus to
increase the rebels' pride. " Do you forget that within these
seven days you made a hot demand of 2,000 men for this
action, and now, before you have answer, send us tidings that
this huge charge must leave Tyrone untouched ? What
would you hiave us believe, if we did not think you loyal, but
that either some of you cannot forget your old goodwills to
that traitor, or else are insensible of all things save your own
particulars ?" As for Lough Foile, " which still you ring in
our ears to be the place that would most annoy the rebels,
we doubt not but to hear by the next that it is begun, and
not in question."
In answer to the letter from you our Lieutenant, " where
you describe unto us how strongly our Presidents of Munster
and Connaught (Norris and Clifford) are mustered in those
provinces, without doing anything upon the rebels, that Ophally
with 1,500 cannot save themselves, that the northern garri-
sons are able to do nothing with 3,000 men, that within two
miles of Dublin there are stealths and incursions ; if it grow
out of negligence of our governors, it were fit to know it ; if
otherwise, then we wish they had occupied fewer numbers,
seeing that they ran no worse fortune before this great army
arrived. And for the places which you have taken, we con-
ceive you will leave no great numbers in them, seeing our
provinces where they are seated receive no better fruits of
ELIZABETH. 317
1599.
their plantation ; nor that we can hope of more success (by
the Council's writing) than to be able to keep our towns that
were never lost, and some petty holds of small importance,
with more than three parts of our army, it being decreed for
the head of the rebellion (as it seems by them) that our forces
shall not find the way this year to behold them."
" Howsoever you seem to apportion the numbers only of
4,750 foot and 340 horse for the journey of Ulster, yet ought
you to reckon the greatest part of the forces of Connaught as
one of the portions always designed to correspond that ser-
vice; to which, if you shall add these 2,000 which we have
granted you, with such extractions as upon better consideration
you may draw both from divers places that serve rather for
protections of private men's countries and fortunes than for
the good of the public cause, besides what you may carry out
of the frontier northern garrisons (which are near his country),
you may not reckon under 10,000 or 11,000 for that service."
" Out of your own letters we may sufficiently gather the
small success of your painful endeavours, where we confess
our army hath lost no honour under your person ; and out of
our letters you may collect some sufficient matter to prove
that we command you no impossibilities."
Nonesuch, 10 August 1599.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Aug. 10. 309. CONNAUGHT.
Vol. 632, p. 175. Instructions [by the Earl of Essex] for Sir Tybott
Dillon, Knight, August 10, 1599."
" You shall return to Athlone, and there give your best
advice and assistance to the Lord of Dunkellyfn] and Sir
Arthur Savadge for the settling of that country and the
preventing of further accidents, which this disaster is other-
ways like to bring with it. Also yoxi shall deal with all the
Irishry that depended upon Sir Con[yers] Clifford's purse or
favour (of what quality soever), assuring them that I [the
Earl of Essex] will supply that loss they have of him in all
respects. And because I know you have special interest in
Tybott ne Longe [Burke], you shall also write unto him, to
assure him of my good affection, of my resolution to take to
the protection of him and his, to heap upon him as many
favours and benefits I can any way, and, if it be possible for
me to march time enough after the drawing of the troops to
a head, which are now dispersed, to go in person and to set
up my rest for the recovery of his brother-in-law O'Conor
Sligo.
" You shall consult there with my Lord of Dunkellyn and
Sir Arthur Savadge how the places there may be served, held,
and victualled for some good time, and how as many of those
men may be sent away to Mollingar as may be presently
spared ; for I will never employ them there again, nor in any
place where they shall be like to do anything but to keep
318 CAREW MSS.
1599.
walls. The hoi-semen that cannot live well there shall be
sent to Westmeath, to such places as shall be in. your judgment
best for them and the service. Let it be both your charge
and theirs to advertise me of all things as often and as speedily
as may be."
Copy. Pp. 2.
[Aug. 10.] 310. CONN AUGHT.
Vol. 632, p. I75a. Instructions [by the Earl of Essex] for the Lord of
Dunkellin and Sir Arthur Savadge, 1599."
" You shall herewith receive a commission, jointly and
severally, to command the forces of her Majesty in that
province (the forces in Tomond and Clanricard excepted,
which I [Essex] commit to the two Earls themselves) till
a Chief Commissioner of Connaught and Tomond be made.
You shall first look that the town of Gallawaye and the castle
and town of Athlone have sufficient garrisons in them to
assure them ; that the Boyle and Tulske have sufficient wards
to keep them, and be provided of victuals for two or three
months. You shall also place a sufficient ward at LToscommon,
and a garrison of horse and foot, if you find that they may
live well there, and that there is any part of the country
there, not wasted, which deserves the employment of such
troops. You shall send away my Lord Southampton's com-
pany of horse, and as many more as cannot be well provided
for there. You shall also, when you have appointed sufficient
garrisons for the places above named, send the rest of the
foot to Mollingar, from whence I will send them to keep
walls, since they do so cowardly and basely in the field.
'' You shall also deal with all those Irish lords of countries,
captains, gentlemen, and others that depend upon Sir Con-
niers Clifford's favour or purse, to assure them I will supply
their loss of him, which I have likewise required Sir Tybbot
Dillon to certify them. And both you and the said Sir
Tybbot shall receive from them notes of all their wants, and
what conditions they desire at my hands, to which I will
return present answer, and as full satisfaction as they can in
any reason require.
" And especially you must give this assurance to Tybbot
ne Long [Burke], requiring him to send me present word in
what stay O'Connor Sligo is, what time he is able to hold
out, if he be not gone before the letter come, and to assure
him that, if he give me time to assemble an army, I will
march in person and set up my rest to free him, to have a
revenge for my worthy friend, and especially to recover her
Majesty's honour. You shall in your letters to him also
require him from us to have special charge of the victual at
Sligo, because by it we must relieve our army, and perform
all the services in those parts. Lastly, you shall require him
to advertise forthwith the state of the victual and of the
shipping and troops with him.
ELIZABETH. 319
J599
" You shall call to council in all services Sir Griffin Markam,
Sir Jerrard Harvie, and Sir Tybbot Dillon, and, in those
things which are not of secrecy, O'Connor Dunn and McSwyne
a Do, and such other principal lords of the Irish as you shall
have with you ; but especially you shall hear and confer with
Sir Tybbot Dillon, because he both knoweth the country and
the service of it exceeding well, and the late courses of Sir
Conniers Clifford, with his designs and instruments, better
than any other doth. You shall hold a continual correspon-
dence with the Earls of Tomond and Clanricard, to whom I
have given the several charges of the forces in their several
countries. Lastly, you shall advertise me from time to time
of all the proceedings and of all occurrents there, as often and
as speedily as you can/'
Copy. Pp. 3.
Aug. 311. WAB between ENGLAND and SPAIN.
Vol. 612, p. iu. " A Project by Sir William Russell for the impeaching of
the Spaniards' landing, expected in August 1599."
My opinion is that the enemy places his principal hope of
success in the suddenness of coming upon us. Let us make
use of the sea, and, with such ships as are in readiness, " wait
and attend upon them to take such advantages " as occasion
may offer, and to prevent their landing [in England], con-
sidering " the danger of discovering humours of ill-affected
and discontented persons."
" I wish that the companies of trained men throughout all
the counties should forthwith march towards the sea coast,
and that to every company of foot there should be some
40 horse[s] appointed to be attending upon them, to mount
so many upon any sudden as may be called upon by the
commander ; and commissions sent away with all expedition
to every shire to make provision of such horses and geldings
with such furniture as cometh next to hand ; to th' end that
by that means there might be, over and besides the main
force for stand, a camp volant" ready to make head in any
place where the enemy might attempt to land.
Although I will not say that I would repulse them from
landing if their force be great, yet I will promise with small
venture of men to make their landing hard and dear. In the
execution of this service I do offer myself in all duty, " leaving
to your grave wisdoms [the Privy Council] the consideration
of the same."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Aug. 10. 312. SIR WILLIAM RUSSELL.
VoLci2, p. lie. Appointment (by the Queen) as General and Chief Com-
mander in the Southern and Western Counties [of England],
320 CAREW MSS.
1599.
except within the charges of Sir Ferdinand Gorges at Plymouth,
and Sir Nicholas Parker at Falmouth.
Nonesuche, 10 August 1599.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Aug. 13. 313. SIR WILLIAM RUSSELL.
Vol. 612, P . in. Southampton, 13 August 1 599, 41 Eliz.
" Sir William Russell, Lord General of her Majesty's army
and forces of the sea coasts westward, was, the day and year
above written, chosen and admitted to be one of the guild
and burgesses of the town and county of Southampton, frank
and free.
" Orat. admiss. ; Jo. Friar, clericus."
Copy. P. 1.
Aug. 1C. 314. MUNSTER.
Vol. 007, p. 143. Instructions by the Earl of Essex for Mr. Justice Saxey,
the IGth of August 1599.
Owing to the news of the Lord President of Munster's
(Norris) dangerous sickness, which greatly grieves us, we send
you and Sir Charles Willmott with directions for the govern-
ment of that province. We have appointed that during the Pre-
sident's disability three at least of the Council there shall lie
at Cork to direct all civil causes and the business of State.
These are to be the Bishop of Cork, yourself, and Sir George
Thorenton, or, if he cannot come from his charge of Kill-
mallocke, Sir Francis Barckely, who is to come by sea from
Limerick.
You shall have authority " to hear and order causes which,
by interruption of the ordinary course of justice during this
rebellion, cannot be tried in the courts of justice at assizes and
sessions ; to direct parleys with any rebels ; to receive their
submissions ; to give safeconducts and protections, arid to
husband her Majesty's treasure, munitions, and victuals, so
none of them be wastefully or unnecessarily expended, nor yet
her forces broken or weakened for want of necessary relief."
All warrants for issues from the store or for cessing soldiers
upon the country to be signed by you of the Council at Cork.
Such commanders of garrisons as want means for their soldiers,
and have no time to obtain order from you, may cess their
men upon the towns or countries until your order comes.
You must be ready to hear all civil causes, but " you must
with caution and tenderness order matters of importance and
weight ; for as the people of this kingdom are apt to start
out upon all occasions, so they are in the opinion of the
multitude justified when they do it upon any heavy burthen
laid upon them, or severe course taken against them. There-
fore, since there are so few good to be encouraged by seeing
exact and extreme justice done in all things, you may do well
ELIZABETH. 321
1599.
to make as few as you can desperate, but when great and
public considerations move you to it, and such, when you
find you have wounded them, to watch to keep single out of
the great herd of the rebels."
In parleys, receiving submissions, or granting protections,
you shall rather use fit instruments " to sound and feel the
disposition of such a offer to deal with you, than make any
open parley or treaty with them, for that were dishonor-
able to her Majesty."
Treat with " men of living," and not with loose knaves ;
the former will cut off the latter.
Receive no submission but without condition, and with all
the humble forms that can be devised; give safeconduct only
until you may send the parties to us ; and take pledges for
their loyalty hereafter, as also of the Irish lords of countries
and principal gentlemen whom you find wavering or not
willingly engaging themselves in the service.
In giving warrant for the issue of treasure, " keep yourself
within a list which you shall receive from the Treasurer."
As we purpose not to draw the forces of that province into
the field, we have not given the sole command to any one.
But though we do not give you authority to make wars, or
to dispose of the forces, we have charged all commanders to
acquaint you with all their proceedings. " If God should
call the President, .... you shall have this authority s[ent]
down till we take further order."
" You shall have authority to perform all things above
specified when four, three, or two of you shall be present and
assent together."
Signed by Essex at the beginning and end.
Copy. Pp. 3. Endorsed.
Sept. 9. 315. PEOCEEDINGS of the EAEL OF ESSEX.
Vol. 617, p. 327. "Journal of the Lord Lieutenant's Proceedings in the
North from the 28th of August till the 8th of Sep-
tember."*
"The 28th of August the Lord Lieutenant departed Dub-
lin with 100 horse ; and having appointed all the companies
of horse and foot that were to go into the field to come to
the Navan and Kelles, he lodged himself at Ardbracken (at
an house of the Bishop of Meath's), betwixt the two towns.
And because the companies came not in till the Slst, his
Lordship gave rendezvous to all the army on the hill Clythe,
half a mile from Kelles, towards the Breiny, and encamped
that night at Castle Keran, two miles beyond the hill. There
also his Lordship was fain to stay one whole day till his
victuals, that came from Dredaghe, overtook him. But that
* " 1599 " in the margin.
2 3
322 CAREW MSS.
1599.
day he spent in viewing the Lord Dunsanie's country and
part of the Breiny, and appointed certain commissioners to
view all the companies of horse and foot, that he might know
the true strength of his army, and dispose them into regiments
accordingly.
" This day also his Lordship debated it in council, whether
it were fit to place a garrison in the Breiny or not, and if in
any part of that country, where was the fittest place. It was
concluded that no garrison could be placed in any part of
this country. First, because both about the Cavan, and
betwixt it and Kelles, the country is all waste, so as
there is nothing beyond Kelles to be defended, nor to relieve
the garrison. Secondly, because all the country of Cavan is
so far within the land, and hath no port or navigable river
nearer than Dredaghe, so as all the victuals as are sent to a
garrison there must be carried on garrons' backs, which will
be very difficult and subject to a great deal of hazard, the Pale
being not able to furnish many carriages, and the rebels of
those quarters being very strong. And the third and last
reason was for that Tyrone was lodged in Ferny with an
army, and prepared to enter into the Pale, and to have burned
and spoiled to the gates of Dublin as soon as the Lord
Lieutenant was gone as high up as the Cavan.
" And, therefore, being resolved that Kelles should be this
next winter our frontier garrison towards the Cavan, the
Lord Lieutenant marched with his army toward Ferny, and
lodged between Robertstown and New-Castle, the 2nd of
September. The 3rd he went from thence to Ardolphe,
where he might see Tyrone with his forces on a hill a mile
and a half from our quarter, but a river and a wood between
him and us.
" The Lord Lieutenant first imbattled his army, and then
lodged it upon the hill by the burnt castle of Ardolfe. And
because there was no wood for fire, but in the valley towards
Tyrone's quarter, his Lordship commanded a squadron of
every company to go fetch wood, and sent 500 foot and two
companies of horse for their guard. Tyrone sent down some
foot and horse to impeach them and offer skirmish, but after
directed them not to pass the ford, when he saw our men
resolved to dispute it. Some skirmish there was from one
side to the other of the river, but to little purpose, for as
they offended us little, so we troubled ourselves little with
them.
" The next day the Lord Lieutenant marched through the
plain country to the mill of Louthe, and encamped beyond
the river towards Ferney ; and Tyrone marched through the
woods, and lodged in the next wood to us, keeping his scouts
of horse in sight of our quarter. At this quarter the Lord
Lieutenant, being driven to stay for a supply of victuals from
Dredaghe, consulted what was to be done upon Tyrone's
army, or how his fastness might be entered. It was pro-
ELIZABETH. 323
1599.
tested by all, that our army, being far less in strength, was
not to attempt trenches, and to fight upon such infinite dis-
advantage, but a strong garrison might be placed at Louthe,
or some castle thereabout, to offend the bordering rebels and
defend the whole county of Louthe ; and, since we were there,
we should one day draw out, and offer battle with our 2,500
foot to their 5.000, and with our 300 horse to their 700. Ac-
cording to which resolution the Lord Lieutenant first viewed
Louthe, and found it utterly unfit, there being no fuel to be
gotten near it, nor any strength to be made in short time.
" And the same day, being the 5th of September, he had a
gentleman sent to him from Tyrone, one Henry Hagan,* his
constable of Dungannon, and a man highly favoured and
trusted by him. This Hagan did deliver his master's desire
to parley with the Lord Lieutenant, which his Lordship re-
fused, but told Hagan that he would be the next morning on
the hill between both the camps, and if he should then call to
speak with him, he would be found in the head of his troops.
With this answer Hagan returned,
*' And the next morning, being the 6th of September, the
Lord Lieutenant drew out 2,000 foot and 300 horse, leaving
a colonel with 500 foot and 20 horse to guard our quarter
and baggage. The Lord Lieutenant first imbattled his men
upon the first great hill he came to in sight of Tyrone, and
then marched forward to another hill, on which Tyrone's
guard of horse stood, which they quitted, and there our army
made good the place till it was near three of the clock in the
afternoon; during which time Tyrone's foot never showed them-
selves out of the wood, and his horsemen were put from all
the hills which they came upon between us and the wood, by
which occasion some skirmish was amongst the light horse, in
which a French gentleman of the Lord Lieutenant's troop,
and an English gentleman of the Earl of Southampton's, was
all that were hurt on our side.
"After this skirmish a horseman of Tyrone's called to us,
and delivered this message : that Tyrone would not fight nor
draw forth, but desired to speak with the Lord Lieutenant,
but not between the two armies. Whereupon the Lord
Lieutenant, towards three of the clock in the afternoon, drew
back again into his quarter, and after his return thither placed
a garrison of 500 foot and 50 horse at Niselerathy, half a mile
from the mill of Louthe, where there is a square castle and a
great bawne, with a good ditch round about it, and many
thatched houses to lodge our men in. The commandment of
this garrison was given to Sir Christopher St. Lawrence.
" The next morning, being the 7th of September, we dis-
lodged, and marched to Drumconroghe, but ere we had marched
a mile Henry Hagan comes again to the Lord Lieutenant,
* " O'Hagan " in the margin.
x 2
324 CAREW MSS.
1599.
and, iu the presence of the Earl of Southampton, Sir George
Bourcher, Sir Warhain St. Leger, and divers other gentlemen,
delivered this message: that Tyrone desired her Majesty's
mercy, and that the Lord Lieutenant would hear him ; which
if his Lordship agreed to, lie would gallop about and meet
him at the ford of Bellaclinthe, which was on the right hand
by the way which his Lordship took to Drumconroghe.
" Upon this message his Lordship sent two gentlemen witli
Henry Hagan to the ford to view the place. They found
Tyrone there, but the water so far out as they told him they
thought it no fit place to speak in. Whereupon he grew very
impatient, and said, ' Then shall I despair ever to speak with
him ;' and at last (knowing the ford) found a place where he,
standing up to his horse's belly, might be near enough to be
heard by the Lord Lieutenant, though he kept to the hard
ground. Upon which notice the Lord Lieutenant drew a
troop of horse to the hill above the ford ; and seeing Tyrone
there alone, his Lordship went down alone. At whose
coming Tyrone saluted his Lordship with much reverence, and
they talked above half an hour together, and after went
either of them to their companies on the hills.
"But within a while Con O'Neale, Tyrone's base son,
comes down, and desired from his father that the Lord
Lieutenant would let him bring down some of the principal
that were with him, and that his Lordship would appoint
a number to come down on either side. Whereupon his
Lordship willed him to bring down six, which he did, namely,
his brother Cormock, McGennis, McGuier, Ever McCowley,
Henry Ovington, and one Owyn that came from Spain, but
is an Irishman by birth. The Lord Lieutenant, seeing them
at the ford, went down, accompanied with the Earl of South-
ampton, Sir George Bourchier, Sir Warham Sentleger, Sir
Ha[rry] Davers, Sir Edward Wingfield, and Sir William
Constable.
" At this second meeting Tyrone and all his company stood
up almost to their horse' bellies in water ; the Lord Lieu-
tenant with his upon hard ground. And Tyrone spake a
good while, bare headed, and saluted with a great deal of
respect all those that came down with the Lord Lieutenant.
After almost half an hour's conference it was concluded that
there should be a meeting of commissioners the next morning
at a ford by Garrett Fleminge's castle. And so they parted, the
Lord Lieutenant marching with his army to Drumcouroghe,
Tyrone returning to his camp.
" The next morning the Lord Lieutenant sent Sir Warham
St. Leger, Sir William Constable, Sir William Warren, and
his secretary Henry Wotton, with instructions, to the place
of meeting. Tyrone came himself to the parley, and sent
into Garrett Fleminge's castle four principal gentlemen, as
pledges for the safety of our commissioners. In this parley
was concluded a cessation of arms for six weeks, and so to
ELIZABETH. 325
1599.
continue from six weeks to six weeks till May Day, or to be
broken upon 14 days' warning. It was also covenanted that
such of Tyrone's confederates as would not declare their
assents in this cessation should be left by him to be prose-
cuted by the Lord Lieutenant ; and that restitution should
be made for all spoils within 20 days after notice given ;
that for performance of the covenants the Lord Lieutenant
should give his word and Tyrone his oath.
"This being concluded on the 8th day of September, on the
9th the Lord Lieutenant dispersed his army, and went
himself to Dredagh, and Tyrone retired with all his forces
into the heart of his country."
Copy. Pp. 5.
Vol. 621, p. 63. 2. Another copy.
Vol. 632, p. ITT. 3. Another copy. Dated by Carew, 1598."
Sept. 17. 316. The QUEEN to the EAEL OF ESSEX.
Vol. 621, p. 143. py the letter and the journal which we have received
from you we see a quick end made of a slow proceeding for
anything which our forces shall undertake in those quarters
which you pretended to visit, and therefore doubt not but
before this time you have ended the charge of the last two
thousand, which we yielded for other purposes, and of the
300 horse only destined for Ulster services.
" It remaineth therefore that we return yoii somewhat of
our conceipts upon this late accident of your interview with
the rebels. We never doubted but that Tyrone, whensoever
he saw any force approach either himself or any of his prin-
cipal parti zans, would instantly offer a parley, specially with
our supreme Governor of that kingdom, having often done
it to those who had but subaltern authority, always seeking
these cessations with like words, like protestations, and upon
such contingents as we gather these will prove by your
advertisement of his purpose to go consult with O'Donnell.
Herein we must confess to you that we are doubtful lest the
success will be suitable with your own opinion heretofore
when the same rebels held like course with others that
preceded you. . . .
" It appeareth to us by your journal that you and the
traitor spake together half an hour alone, and without any-
body's hearing ; wherein though we that trust you with our
kingdom are far from mistrusting you with a traitor, yet,
both for comeliness, example, and for your own discharge,
we marvel you would carry it no better, especially when
you have seemed in all things since your arrival to be so
precise to have good testimony for your actions, as when-
soever there Wtos anything to be done to which our com-
mandment tied you, it seemed sufficient warrant for you if
your fellow councillors allowed better of other ways, though
2 8 *
326 CAREW MSS.
1599.
your own reason carried you to have pursued our direc-
tions against their opinions. To whose conduct if we had
meant that Ireland (after all the calamities in which they
have wrapt it) should still have been abandoned (to whose
courses never any could take more exceptions than yourself),
then was it very superfluous to have sent over such a personage
as you are, who had deciphered so well the errors of their
proceedings, being still at hand with us and of our secretest
council ; as (and ?) it had been one good rule for you, amongst
others, in most things to have varied from their resolutions,
especially when you had our opinion and your own to boot.
" Furthermore, we cannot but muse that you should recite
that circumstance of his being some time uncovered, as if that
were much in a rebel when our person is so represented, or
that you can think that ever any parley (as you call it) was
upon less terms of inequality than this, when you came unto
him, and he kept the depth of the brook between him and
you ; in which sort he proceeded not with other of our
ministers, for he came over to them. So as never could any
man observe greater form of greatness than he hath done ;
then more to our dishonour that a traitor must be so far from
submission as he must first have a cessation granted, because
he may have time to advise whether he should go further or
no with us.
" And thus much for the form ; for you have dealt so
sparingly with us in the substance, by advertising us only at
first of the half- hour's conference alone, but not what passed
on either side, by letting us also know you sent commissioners
without showing what they had in charge, as we cannot tell
but by divination what to think may be the issue of this
proceeding. Only this we are sure (for we see it in effect),
that you have prospered so ill for us by your warfare, as we
cannot but be very jealous lest you should be as well over-
taken by the treaty. For either they did not ill that had
the like meetings before you, or you had done ill to keep
them company in their errors ; for no actions can more
resemble others that have been before condemned than these
proceedings of yours at this time with the rebels. For you
must consider that as we sent you into Ireland an extraordinary
person, with an army exceeding any that ever was paid there
by any prince for so long time out of this realm, and that you
ever supposed that we were forced to all this by the weak
proceedings even in this point of the treaties and pacifications ;
so, if this parley shall not produce such a conclusion as this
intolerable charge may receive present and large abatement,
then hath the managing of our forces not only proved dis-
honorable and wasteful, but that which followeth is like to
prove perilous and contemptible. . . .
" To trust this traitor upon oath is to trust a devil upon his
religion. To trust him upon pledges is a mere illusory ; for
what piety is there among them, that can tie them to rule of
ELIZABETH. 327
1599.
honesty for itself, who are only bound to their own sensualities,
and respect only private utility ? And therefore, whatsoever
order you shall take with him of laying aside of arms, banish-
ing of strangers, recognition of superiority to us, or renouncing
of rule over our uriaghes, promising restitution of spoils,
disclaiming from O'Neale-ship, or any other such like con-
ditions which were tolerable [before] he was in his overgrown
pride by his own success against our power, which of former
times was terrible to him ; yet unless he yield to have garri-
sons planted in his own country to master him, to deliver
O'Nealle's sons, whereof the detaining is most dishonorable,
and to come over to us personally here, we shall doubt you
do but piece up a hollow peace, and so the end prove worse
than the beginning.
" And therefore, as we well approve your own voluntary pro-
fession (wherein you assure us that you will conclude nothing
till you have advertised us and heard our pleasure), so do
wo absolutely command you to continue and perform that
resolution ; allowing well that you hear him what he proffers,
draw him as high as you can, and advertise us what conditions
you would advise us to afford him, and what he is like to
receive ; yet not to pass your word for his pardon, nor make
any absolute contract for his conditions, till you do particularly
advertise us by writing and receive our pleasure."
We wrote to you and that Council on the 13th, and wish
to receive their answers as well as yours.
Under the signet, Nonsuch, 17 September 1599, 41 Eliz.
Copy. Pp. 4.
Sept. 22. 317. COMMISSION by the LORD LIEUTENANT and COUNCIL to
Toi. GIT, p. 313. SIR WARHAM SENTLEGER and SIR HENRY POWER.
For the government of Munster they are to repair into
that province ; Sentleger to remain at Cork as a privy
councillor, and to join with the Council there ; Power to be
sworn one of the Council, and to have the command of all
her Majesty's forces. The Earl of Thomond, the Lord Vis-
count Buttevant, and the Lord Burghe have also been added
to the said Council, which is to direct all causes, civil, politi-
cal, and martial, in as ample a manner as the [late] Lord
President's Council during the vacancy of the Presidency.
Dublin, 22 September 1599.
Signed at the foot :* Adam Dublin., Thomas Midensis,
George Gary, Robert Napper, Anthony Sentleger, George
Bowrcher, Henry Harrington, Geoffrey Fenton.
Copy. P. I.
* The signature of Essex at the top is omitted in this copy.
328 CAKEW MSS.
1599.
Sept. 318. ABUSES in the PAYMENT of the ARMY in IRELAND.
Vol. 616, p. 56. " First, there are huge sums of money due to the inhabi-
tants and corporate towns here in Ireland for dieting of
soldiers, for which the captain gives his ticket to them who
bring the same to the Treasurer's paymasters to be entered,
to the end it may be stayed in his hands from the captains to
their use. The paymasters have indeed made an Intratur
upon such tickets, but have not, according to equity, set
down upon what day they made entry thereof; whereby
it falleth out that the snbject[s] coming to make challenge
of their money, .... they make answer that either the
captain was full paid or his reckoning made up before they
came to enter their tickets, or else that they have paid as
far as the Queen's money would reach/' It will therefore
be found "that the captain[s] and Treasurer have by this
means taken between them that which the country ought
justly require at the Treasurer's hand."
"In this doubtful case standeth at the least 40,000?. or
50,000?., and a great part of that even since the lendings,
though it may be very well thought that the Queen cannot
owe much since the lendings began." Sir Henry Wallopp's
paymasters think "to get allowance of the Commissioners
in England of so much as they have the captains' acquit-
tances for ; but it will not be found meet for her Majesty
to give him allowance of those warrants .... till it be
thoroughly examined what bills and tickets ought to be
charged upon those warrants, and then let his executors and
paymasters discharge themselves as well as they can." All
such tickets ought to be charged upon Wallopp's account;
for they have either received a reward from the captain to
tolerate the defalcation of the ticket, or else the money
must remain in their hands.
" To look into this weighty point will be no small matter
of importance for her Majesty's behoof, if it be well handled
and the commissioners well chosen, that a first examination
be had of all the corporate towns and the several baronies
of the English Pale for a collection to be made of all the
tickets, .... and not to suffer the subject to be unsatis-
fied, not knowing whether the money be in his hands or
no (which they constantly do believe), but being poor they
are not able to follow it into England, and in seeking it
here there is no money appointed for former times."
"Again, great quantities of beoves have been taken up
in the English Pale and delivered to the Provost Marshal
for the use of the army, which ought all to be charged
upon his account." But this has not been taken, and " the
English doth in the meantime deny to answer the Queen
her composition of 2,100?. per annum until it may be seen
how their reckonings stand for these beoves."
" Thirdly, not long before the last revolt in Monster there
were 3,000 beoves or thereabouts levied in that province,
ELIZABETH. 329
1599.
.... and not then paid for ; the clear benefit whereof ought
to have come to her Majesty through their present rebellion,
and ought to be defaulted .... out of the captains' and
their soldiers' entertainment.
Fourthly, " the unmerciful buying of bills for these six or
seven years past " is to be inquired into ; " which for some
trifling sums will be confessed by the parties that either
sold them, or were acquainted with the selling of them, to
whom, when, and after what rate ; all which, as well bought
by themselves as by their merchants and brokers, is or
will be fully allowed by her Majesty upon Sir Henry Wal-
lopp's account. 100?. or 200?. disbursed herein for intelli-
gence would quit the cost 40 times told ; or a fourth part to
be allowed to them that will find them out .... will bring
thousands into her Majesty's coffers."
" It is to be specially remembered that Mr. Wallopp be sent
for over into England with his father's four chief clerks, Hopper,
Hoare, Browne, and Carroll, before ever these causes be taken
in hand. For though there be already a commission here to
see whether any money remain in their hands since the time
of lendings, which they might have ended in one month if
they would, yet they still make delays, and all to gain time
to get more bills and warrants of full pay into their hands
that they may have choice enough. And that any money
will be found in their hands it is not likely ; for if they had
10,000?. in their hands, they would gain double by it.
" Also, it will be most requisite that the commissioners in
England be not very forward in proceeding to determine their
accounts/' and that they see that for these two years past
"he have made his payments according to the direction of
the Privy Seals ; for he hath paid many old debts, which
he was specially charged not to do, but all for growing
charges," and those only " according to special directions and
dividents to be agreed upon at the Council table here by
the Lords Justices and the Earl of Ormond." He has paid
20,000?., " even since the lendings/' whereby some companies
are short paid above 400?., some full paid, and some more
than full paid.
"Pensioners and others that best might have forborne
payment have been by this means for the most part full
paid, and those that lay in places of greatest need neglected
whereby they were driven to raven and spoil the subject."
" Great sums of money have been remaining before these
three last years upon the end of his accompt as General
Receiver of the revenues in this kingdom." He " hath always
thrust that remain in a confused charge into his accompt at
the wars, which should have been kept by itself to have been
disposed of by the governor for the time being ; but
the. gain was too sweet by buying bills with those remains."
330 CAREW MSS.
1599.
" Lastly, touching the revenue causes, great sums are set
off in super * upon many persons, who are now either in
action of rebellion, or stand scarce tirm ; which must also be
thoroughly looked unto, whether much of those arrearages be
not paid or no."
ii. The CASES of KELLS and the NAVAN.
" An instance apparent to the eye, whereby the fraudulent
course in entering of the subjects' tickets for dieting
the soldier may appear."
A captain and his 100 soldiers lying at Kells or the Navan
hath due for a year's lendings from 1 Oct. 1597 to 30 Sept.
1598, 962?. Os. Sd. ster. ; whereof defaulked to her Majesty's
use checques within that time, 200?. ; victuals from New-
come, 200?.; ready money from the Treasurer, 400?. ; total, 800?.
And so due to the inhabitants of the Navan upon the captain's
tickets for victualling the soldiers in May and June, when
there was neither money nor victual in the Queen's store,
162?. Os. 8d. These tickets being brought to the Treasurer to
be entered within a se'nnight or fortnight after they were due,
he takes notice of them in his book of entries. Money coming
out of England in August, the captain deals with him or his
paymasters " to tolerate the stay of the town's money for May
and June until the next treasure comes." They, through
negligence or for gain, full pay the captain till August, " who
having once the fingering of the town's money, it is not easily
come by again."
The subject comes to Dublin to receive his money, and
receives answer that there came not a full proportion. Since
Wallopp's death many have made complaints to the State, and
the Lord Lieutenant has referred them to commissioners.
They can prove that the captains were full paid, either to the
day of their death or their discharge ; and proclamation was
made last summer by the Lords Justices that the soldiers' diet
money should be paid.
"The service for her Majesty is to collect these tickets,
whereby they may be charged upon his (Wallopp's) account
to her Majesty's behoof, as of right they ought to be. And
then they (the paymasters) are to discharge themselves thereof
as they may by order of accompt."
in. COPY of a PETITION of the INHABITANTS of ATHERDIE
to the LORDS JUSTICES and COUNCIL.
That whereas by special warrants from this (Council) table
and from commanders of her Majesty's forces, they disbursed
153?. 2s. 8f?. ster. in money and victuals in January and Feb-
* Sic.
ELIZABETH. 331
1599.
ruary 1596, 991. Us. 5d. in August 1597, and from July to
October 1598 (since the lendings), 531. 19s. 2d. ster., as appears
by the several tickets ; your petitioners have often been here
and demanded the same, but have been *' posted over till the
next treasure." May it please your Lordships to grant
warrant to Sir Henry Wallop, Treasurer at Wars, to make
payment of the sums before mentioned, as the corporation is
" likely to perish and decay by means as well of the often
spoils and preyings made on them by the traitors, as also by
the great charge daily laid and imposed on them by relieving
and victualling the soldiers."
13 December 1598.
Note. " Many are the petitions to be found that have been
made of like subject."
iv. " ANSWER of the LORDS JUSTICES to the PETITION."
" We require you, Philip Hoar, not only to deliver the peti-
tioners the note of such tickets of the town of Atherdie as
are already entered with you, but also to enter such tickets
as shall be now delivered unto you for the said town.
" Signed : Adam Dublin., Robt. Gardyner."
v. ANSWER of PHILIP HOARE.
I have set down hereunder what tickets have been entered
in my master's office for the town of Atherdy, and which of
them are defaulked, and which not.
Captain Hugh Moston, per ticket dated 22nd Jan. 1596[-7],
20s. ster. This is her Majesty's debt, because it is entered and
charged upon the said captain's reckoning ended 30th Sept.
1597.
Captain Roger Billings, per ticket of William Devrox, his
lieutenant, dated 10 Feb. 1596, 30?. 13s. 6d, This ticket is
also good and due by her Majesty, because it is charged upon
Captain Billings' reckoning ended 28 Feb. 1597[-8].
Captain Thomas Cheston, per ticket 7 Aug. 1597, 191. Os. 9d.,
good and allowable, for that it is charged in the said captain's
reckoning ended ut supra.
Total of the bills due to her Majesty, 50?. 13s. 4d.
Captain William Moston, per ticket 12 January 1596[-7],
II. 10s. ster. "His check imposed after his death is so great,
as I doubt little will remain good upon his reckoning, which
none doth seek to have ended.
" Also he hath a ticket of Rice Ap Hughe's, dated ultimo
Maij 1597, 47?. 17s. 2d. ster., which I saw not till now. The
said Rice's reckonings are already made, and therefore his
executors are again to bring them in, whereby this may be
charged ; or else they, by your Lordships' authority, forced to
pay the money."
Signed : Philip Hoare
332 CAREW MSS.
1599.
vi. SUMS due to JAMES GERNON.
Captain Win. Harvie, per ticket signed by Robert Old, his
lieutenant, dated 5 July 1598, \l. 5s. ster. ; another dated
16 Oct. 1598, 12J. 19s.
Captaiu Win. Honey, per ticket signed by Wm. Blacknehall,
his lieutenant, 5 July 1598, 11. 5s. ; another of 26 Aug. 1598,
81. 10s.
Sir Uryan Leigh, per ticket 28 Sept. 1598, II. 14s.; another
of 6 Sept. 1598, ll. 8s.
Captain Thomas Lee, per ticket signed by Thomas Quoder,
his sergeant, 26 Aug. 1598, 21. Is. ; another signed by his
clerk, 24 July 1598, 19Z. 15s.
Sir Henry Norrys, per ticket signed by his cornet 5 Oct.
1598, for victualling 24 horsemen for three days and three
nights, U 10s.
" Upon which several tickets, amounting to the sum of
oQl. 7s. 2d., I have paid to James Gernon 251. ster., for which
1 have taken his acquittance," 1st January 1598[-9].
Signed: James Carroll.
Note. " All these above sums was within the time of the
lendings, and [I] had the Lords Justices' warrant for receipt
of the same, but could not receive no more than this 251. at
Mr. Carroll's hand ; and [he] keeps my warrant and tickets
of the whole in his custody. What he meaneth, I know not.
" By me, James Gernon, agent."
vn. CAPTAIN PARKER'S ACCOUNT.
(" A further instance to discover the practice of the Trea-
surer's Paymasters.")
William Crowe, gent., per ticket 26 Feb. 1596, 14 beoves.
Richard Burke, per ticket 12 Aug. 1597, 12 beoves. Walter
Fring, of Gallawaye, per ticket 30 Oct. 1596, 15 beoves. The
inhabitants of Gallaway, per bill 15 Aug. 1597, 20 beoves.
Connor McShane Moyle, per bill 5 January, " signed per John
Parker, his lieutenant," 36 beoves. Anthony Brabson, per bills
2 June, 26 April, and 30 May 1596, 89 beoves. The inhabi-
tants of Athenry, per bill 8 Aug. 1597, 1 beve. " Charged by
John Ball, Provost Marshal of Conogh, 205 beoves in Sir
John N orris his time ; which beoves I have paid in a warrant
of full pay, and cannot receive back any bill. More charged
in gross per Phenis Cley, Provost Marshal in Conough, in the
time of the government of Sir Conyers Clifford, 135 beoves,
and cannot see nor have in any bill for the same. In all 527
beoves ; and have not received any beoves in Conough without
a bill.
" For all which .... the paymasters for Sir Henry Wallopp,
deceased, would have me deliver in my warrant of full pay,
whereby they may have allowance thereof from her Majesty
upon his account ; and yet they refuse to return me in my
ELIZABETH. 333
1599.
particular bills which I have given to the country for the said
beoves."
6 August 1599. " Captain Parker's J. P. mark."
"By these few particulars the whole maybe considered, and
therefore very requisite .... that the reckonings and pay-
ments made by Sir Henry Wallopp and his paymasters may
be thoroughly examined."
Pp. 12. Endorsed: "1599, Sept. A detection of sundry
abuses in the payment of her Majesty's forces in the realm of
Ireland."
[Sept.?] 319. "ERRORS to be REFORMED in the GOVERNMENT of
Vol. 632, p. 171. IRELAND."
( " Because by protections traitors have been nourished and
increased, great combinations wrought, the country oppressed,
and the kingdom endangered, many of the protectees having
been put into bands, and some whole bands of them as her
Majesty's waged soldiers, which against the appointed times
of service be intelligencers to the traitors, and in times of
service have turned their backs and bended their forces against
their captains, as it hath been of late often found ; " it is
meet that henceforth no protections be granted to any persons,
" unless to some special man upon judgment of a special
intention and assurance of service for her Majesty, and in
that case not exceeding 10 or 20 days."
" That after a pardon once granted to any that is or shall
be in actual rebellion, if he fall again into the like offence, no
pardon be granted the second time, unless it be upon special
service first performed/' No persons committed to prison
for being or adhering to traitors in actual rebellion to be
pardoned without her Majesty's warrant.
" As 2,000 soldiers are now sent for supplies, and sol-
diers more, and 100 horse ready to embark for Lofoyle, that
a continual prosecution be had, without stay, that her Majesty
every month be certified of the success of the service."
" Whereas pledges be sometimes taken for the loyalty of
the suspected or faulty offender, if any enter into rebellion
after such pledges delivered, that then exemplary punishment
by death of the pledge be had, be they of full years or under."
As her Majesty has been at a great charge for the wars, and
the poorer sort have relieved the soldiers, the lords, knights,
[and gentlemen] are to be commanded to attend on the Lord
Lieutenant in person, with horse and foot well appointed.
" Whereas the traitor Donell Spaniolde, being now in action
of rebellion with 300 or 400 of his followers in the co. of
Wexford, and greatly annoying those parts, being (of all the
realm) first planted with English, and living in the obedience
of her Majesty's laws, did of late offer to the Lord Lieutenant
(Eai'l of Essex) to come in, and to have his cause there heard
touching the title of land ; because the title he pretendeth
334 CAREW MSS.
1599.
concerneth some of that board, the seneschal of Wexford, and
many others, if he be not in case to have a speedy overthrow,
then, if he may be drawn to submit himself to have his cause
heard here, and shall bring in his company to do any service,
or to disperse themselves under the chief of their several septs,
and seek to live in obedience of laws, he and they may have
presently pardon." Though his demands presented at the
Council table there were unreasonable, yet he may perhaps (if
he may be persuaded to come hither) be brought to more
reasonable conformity, and the better means left to prosecute
the rest ; many companies being now laid near about him,
which attended no other service."
" After some service performed upon them and terror given,
which her Majesty daily hearkeneth for," proclamation should
be made in English and Irish, that the rebels of Leinster,
Meath, Munster, and Connaught shall be pardoned if they come
in within 20 days.
" Whereas 5 pair of English stockings are appointed yearly
for every soldier, at 2s. 8d. the pair, amounting yearly to
13s. 4<7., and 5 pair of shoes, at 2s. 4>d. the pair, amounting to
lls. 8d., and a cap at 3s., being in total 28s. ; the soldier may
have three pair of Irish brogues for the price of one pair of
shoes, viz., at 9d. the pair of brogues, and for every pair of
English stockings two pair of Irish frize stockings, viz., at
I6d. the pair, which will be far better for them, in the opinion
of such as are well acquainted with the country, than the now
apparel. And so out of the same, at the same charge her
Majesty giveth allowance for an Irish mantle, which costeth
but 5s., will be gained to him in the charge, and be his bed in
the night, and a great comfort to him in sickness and health ;
for the mantle, being never so wet, will presently, with a
little shaking and wringing, be presently dry ; for want of
which the soldiers, lying abroad, marching, and keeping watch
and ward in cold and wet in the winter time, die in the Irish
ague and in flux most pitifully. Therefore it were very meet
that present consideration were had thereof against the
winter."
As the traitors are relieved with powder and munition
from hence, proclamation to be made that for one year no
man shall transport into Ireland any powder or munition
upon pain of forfeiting his ship and of fine and imprisonment ;
but all powder to be issued by the Master of the Ordnance in
that realm, by direction of the Lord Justice (sic) and Council.
" As the captains there have often complained before the
Council at Dublin that the cause of loss of their soldiers
in skirmish hath been that the soldier hath been charged, by
reason of the defalcation and want of some of his private
clothes, to pay for his powder and munition, which is a prin-
cipal cause that they take not out that proportion of powder
in times of service as is requisite," the Lord Justice and Lord
Lieutenant should be required to have due consideration
ELIZABETH. 335
1599.
thereof. In the late exploit by the Lord General against the
traitors near Dublin, the 13th of June last, the powder failed
at the first encounter, and the Lord Lieutenant commanded
them to keep it secret.
The soldiers often sell and pledge their arms, and the cap-
tains and under officers sell, pledge, or exchange the powder
and munition. Severe punishment to be inflicted on such
offenders. This matter to be inquired into by the Commis-
saries for the Musters.
Dated by Carew, "1599."
Copy. Pp. 9.
[Oct.] 320. RETUKN of ESSEX to ENGLAND.
Vol. c 17, p. 332. "A Relation of the Earl of Essex, written with his own
hand, being prisoner in England."
" I left with the Justices,* as also with the Earl of Or-
mond, order to keep this cessation precisely, and yet to
stand upon their guard in every quarter ; and in this cessa-
tion to see all her Majesty's forts and garrisons victualled for
six months, they being most of them victualled for a good
time already, and they having means left for the present
supply to that proportion expressed.
' The authority of the Justices is expressed in the commis-
sion, whereof I here send a copy. It was drawn by Sir
R. Napper and Sir Ant. St. Leger, according to the very words
of the warrant. The authority of the Earl of Ormond is the
same it was before my going into Ireland, though he have
no new commission ; but, as while I was present he was my
Lieutenant General, so now he commands the wars in chief.
" I expressed in the treaty with Tyrone Sir Warham
St. Leger, who is now sent into Munster ; Sir William War-
ren, whom I sent to Tyrone at my coming away ;f Sir
William Constable and H. Wotton, my secretary, who sith
are come over with me. And He. Wotton hath got the
articles of construction (sic) signed by Tyrone, and the in-
structions I gave to treat, and is best able to deliver all
circumstances, the whole business being chiefly left to Sir
Warham St. Leger and to him.
" The conditions demanded by Tyrone I was fain to give
my word that I would only verbally deliver, it being so
required of him before he would open his heart ; his fear
being that they would be sent into Spain, as he saith the
letter wherewith he trusted Sir John Norris was. I already
told her Majesty and the Lords where the knot is, which
being loosed, he hath protested that all the rest shall follow.
But with those that have heretofore dealt with him, he pro-
* Archbishop Loftus and Sir George Carey.
f Note in the margin: "The copy of Warren's instructions is amongst my
papers, and the original was showed to the Justices."
336 CAREW MSS.
tested lie would never deal with them in this free manner,
nor, by his will, in any sort whatsoever, since he had no
confidence that they could procure him that which would
only satisfy him, or performance of all that was agreed on.
" The chief commander in Connath is Sir Arthur Savage,*
in Mounster Sir He. Poore, in Ulster Sir Sam. Bagnall, and
some other Sir Oliver Lambert ; but all to give accompt to
the Earl of Ormond, and to use the advice of such colonels
and principal captains as were their assistants in their general
charges. The governorship] of Connath I have assigned to Sir
He. Dockwray, but would not place him in it, but brought
him over to be confirmed, or otherwise bestowed as shall
please her Majesty. Mounster is governed by a commission
to the provincial Council, to which I added Sir Warham
St. Leger. Amongst my papers there are copies of all those
directions.
"To make a more full declaration of all things without
help of my papers I am not able, being in that state of body
that this which I have written is painfully set down. But I
promised to send over daily advices and directions as soon as
I had spoken with her Majesty and my Lords [of the Privy
Council], and to give directions also and comfort to such of
the Irishry as were principal instruments for her Majesty in
that kingdom, and to return with all expedition. If only by
my coming away and Tyrone's perfidiousness, any disaster
had happened, I would have recovered it or have lost my
life, for I have a party there for her Majesty besides her
army. But now, when they shall hear of my present stay,
and shall see no new hopeful course taken, I fear that giddy
people will run to all mischief."
No date. The heading is in Carew's hand.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Oct. 3. 321. KETUKN of ESSEX.
Vol. eol, p. 243. " The Earl of Essex his Answers to the Articles whereto
his Lordship's opinion was desired, 3 Octob. 1599,
concerning O'Donnell and the dividing of the Army
into the several Provinces."
[I proposed to Tyrone ?] " that her Majesty should iu
Ulster have as much profit and obedience as ever she was
answered ; and in the other provinces all lords of countries
and gentlemen that had land should yield her Majesty such
rents and duties as had been usually paid to the Crown. And
as he assured himself they would all do as he would have
them, so, if any were unruly, he would not only abandon
them, but assist their prosecution ; but all upon this condition,
Originally " Sir An. St. Leger," but corrected by Carew.
ELIZABETH. 337
1599.
that I procured him that secret and inward satisfaction from
her Majesty which I have heretofore signified, and that I
would give my word and protestation that I had received
it from her Majesty.
" After he came from O'Donuell he made no new offer, but
sent me word that O'Donnell and the rest would be ruled by
him He urged that it might be general, for he said
that it was best for her Majesty, and best for that poor
country, but there should be no delay." He expects restitu-
tion to lands and livings for himself and all that shall be
pardoned.
" I came over resolved upon the very knees of my heart to
beseech her Majesty to accept of this opportunity to reduce
that miserable kingdom ; and if this band were once broken,
I doubt not but to weaken them and break them by degrees,
without any hazard or great charges." I purposed to reduce
the army to 9,000 foot and 800 horse in Leinster 3,000 foot
and 300 horse, in Munster 3,000 foot and 200 horse, in Ulster
2,000 foot and 150 horse, in Connaught 1,000 foot and 150
hors* ; "and as I had daily grown upon the Irish, so I would
have still more and more lessened her Majesty's charge."
" The disclaiming of his wriaghrs and receiving of shei'iffs
are not things to be urged to him till her Majesty be stronger
and he weaker ; but if this composition were once
made there should be means enough to draw his wriaghrs
from him, and arct lores imponere leges He will admit
garrisons, what there usually of late years hath been."
" I have his oaths and vows that, if there be no stop of her
Majesty's side, he will give me any security, saving his own
coming in."
I advise her Majesty to allow me at my return to Dublin
to conclude this treaty, yielding some of these grants for the
present, and when her Majesty has made secret preparation
to enable me to prosecute, I will find " quarrels enough to
break," and give them a deadly blow.
I crave pardon for this " confused style, which my present
state of body causeth."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Oct. 3. 322. NEGOTIATIONS with TYRONE.
" A Declaration of the Journey of Sir William Warren to
Tyrone," 3 October 1599.
Sir William came to Ardmagh on Friday, 28th September.
He sent a messenger in the night to Tyrone, to Dungannon,
signifying that he would meet him the next morning at the
fort of Blackwater, where accordingly Tyrone met him. " Sir
William dealt with him according to such instructions as he
received from the Lord Lieutenant."
Tyrone would not agree to any further cessation until he
had spoken with O'Donnell, because O'Donnell was offended
3. T
338 CAREW MSS.
1599.
with him for agreeing to the last cessation before he had
been made acquainted therewith. Tyrone promised to meet
Sir William on the borders of Dundalk, and give his full
resolution concerning a further cessation and Sir William's
instructions, within ten days.
" Sir William did conceive a disposition in Tyrone to draw
up all the force that he could make to the borders as near
Dundalk as he could, and all his creats to bring thither with
him, which maketh the said Sir William much to doubt of
any good or conformity to be looked for at his hands."
Tyrone declared with an oath that within two months he
(Sir William) "should see the greatest alteration, and the
strangest, that he ... could imagine or ever saw in his life."
He hoped, before long, to have a good " shaire " in England.
" Sir William understood that they daily expected a
cardinal to come over " to settle religion amongst them in
this country."
"Touching the building of Togher-Croghan, the said
Tyrone stood upon it, alleging that it was in the hands of
those Connors of Ofaly, and that they were in possession of
it before the cessation was agreed upon, and [he] did not
yield his consent to the building thereof."
Tyrone said that another cause why he deferred their
second meeting was, " that he received notice from O'Donnell
that Me William was besieged by Tybbott ne Longe [Burke]
and that the said O'Donnell was himself to go and remove
that siege/'
Sir William acquainted Tyrone with the disorders and
spoils committed by the Connors in Ofaly since the cessation.
Tyrone promised to write to them ; and " if they did refuse
to perform the conditions of the cessation, he said he would
(if he might be licensed by the State) come into that country
himself with 3,000 men, and compel them to make restitution
to the last farthing ; to which end he had written his letters
to the Connors aforesaid, and also to tne Mores in Leix to
the like effect, and sent a messenger of his own with that
letter in company with Sir William. But a secretary of
Tyrone's, being on those borders of Leix and Ofaly, and
meeting with the boy with the said letter, took the letter
from him, . . . saying that it should not be delivered until
he had spoken with his master, Tyrone."
The messenger had letters to the Mores in Leix, "that
they should suffer the fort there and the castles to be
victualled ; but for furnishing them with wood, Tyrone said
that the woods were in the possession of the rebels of that
country before the cessation was agreed upon." That letter
was permitted by the secretary to be carried forward.
Signed: William Warren.
Copy. Pp. 2.
ELIZABETH. 339
1599.
Oct. 6. 323. The QUEEN to the LOKDS JUSTICES, LORD LIEUTENANT,
Vol. 6oi, p. isaa. and COUNCIL.
" You shall understand that upon the arrival of Essex from
his charge, he hath delivered us particular relations of the
state of our affairs. First, that he hath left the government
of that kingdom to you two* as our Justices, and to you our
cousin of Ormond as Lieutenant of our army, of which distri-
bution we do allow, and hereby do confirm the same in
manner and form as he left it by virtue of our commission.
" Secondly, he did impart unto us many particulars of the
courses which our forces held, and of the ill success happened
in his time to divers ill-guided and conducted troops of ours,
wherein we took occasion to expostulate with him, his long
tergiversation in the Northern action, whereby all opportunity
was past, our army weakened, and the rebels grown strong
and increased in their pride, and so our whole year's charge
consumed to no purpose.
" He did plainly answer us, that whatsoever he did in that/'
point, he did it contrary to his own proposition and desire,
rather choosing to assent to so general a contestation in all
you of the Council, who dissuaded it, than to venture to be
taxed for a singularity in a matter whereof the success was
doubtful.
" Lastly, he declared that upon a meeting with Tyrone he
had found in him an internal desire to become a good subject,
and that he had made divers offers and petitions, whereupon
to be received to our grace and favour ; which being examined
by him, and appearing in many things unreasonable, he would
no way conclude until our pleasure was first had, but sus-
pended all final answer therein, and yielded to a cessation
from six weeks to six weeks, if 14 days' warning were not
given ; which in effect is but an abstinence for 14 days. And
therein also we do note that it had been an argument of more
duty in Tyrone to have submitted that condition to a less
equality, seeing he is to win our grace by lowly and humble
conditions, and not by loftiness. Nevertheless, for that point
of the cessation, our pleasure is that you do [no] way break
it, for in whatsoever any word is passed from him that repre-
senteth our person, we will have no pretext to warrant any
violation of that which we have ever held so precious.
" And yet to you we cannot hide that we are displeased
that our kingdom hath been so ill ordered as that we must
accept of such proceedings before the rebel had tasted some-
what of our power ; neither could we like his [Essex's] judg-
ment in coming over so suddenly to us in person, knowing
well that upon this abrupt departure every ill spirit would
fashion sinister conjectures, some that the State was despe-
* Archbishop Loftus and Sir George Carey.
Y 2
340 CAREW MSS.
1599.
rate, others that himself (upon whose judgment it was likely
that we would rely) would imagine it fit to have his offer
taken in all points, or else that he would rather have written
than come. In which consideration, to the intent that no
man hereafter should leave such a charge so suddenly without
making any end one way or other, we could do no less than
sequester him from our presence for some time into the house
of one of our Privy Council, as an argument of our mislike
thereof. For although it be known to us that the treaty set
on foot between the King of Spain and us taketh away any
doubt that he will now give any succours to those rebels, yet
was it more than he knew but that the remain of the forces
at the Groyne,* being frustrated of other attempts, might
have been sent thither ; which, if it should have happened
during his absence, could not but have wrought confusion in
that State.
" Of this much we think fit that you be informed, lest it
might be conceived that we misliked to hear of any submis-
sion, or that the traitor might think we meant to reject him.
And, therefore, we would have him understand from you our
cousin of Orinond, that although we mislike divers particulars
in his offers, yet do we both allow of his desire to be forgiven,
and are resolved (if the fault be not in himself) to restore
him to our grace and favour. But forasmuch as his petitions
consist of many considerable circumstances, wherein we must
have regard to our honour above all things, we will defer our
final answer for some few days, and then return to him our
pleasure under our hand by some so confident personage, as
when he looketh down into the centre of his faults, and up
to the height of our mercy, he shall find and feel that he is
the creature of a gracious Sovereign, that taketh more con-
tentment to save than to destroy the work of our own hands.
" If you shall think good to choose our Secretary Fenton,
with some assistant, to deliver them this much, and thereby
to see how he stand affected, we shall well allow that election,
or of any other that you shall think fit for our service,
if sickness or any other sufficient cause do hinder his
employment.
" It remaineth now that we command you, the Justices, to
forbear making knights, granting of leases, wards, pardons, or
pensions, arid further to advise us what is the state of our
army and of our treasure, and what accidents have hap-
pened since Essex his return ; and whensoever you shall
have heard anything from the traitor, to certify that also
to our Council here. And where we have heard that some
of our Council there are desirous to come over for their own
private business, our pleasure is that you do not license
any of them until you receive further order from us, or that
* LogroBO in Spain.
ELIZABETH. 341
1599.
we shall have with some further time settled a more certain
course in that State.
" At the Court at Kichmond, the 6th of October 1599."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Oct. 20. 324. NEGOTIATIONS with TYRONE.
Vol. 617, p. 336. The Declaration of Sir William Warren, Knight, touching
my second journey to Tyrone, since the departure of
the Lord Lieutenant, according his Lordship's former
commission," 20 October 1599.
On Tuesday, the 16th inst., I met with Tyrone three miles
below Dundalk, " but through the great rain the waters were
grown so high as we could not come so near as to speak or
hear one the other."
On the 17th I met him again, and, the waters being fallen,
we came together. He was unwilling to agree to any further
cessation, because O'Donnell was not yet come, and he had
been advertised that the Earl of Ormond had slain seven or
eight score of his men. In the end he consented to a fort-
night's cessation, and would not conclude upon any further
time until O'Donnell came to him.
On the 18th we spent some time in conference. He was
still unwilling to yield to any further time, alleging " that it
was now winter time and our army weak, and therefore he
being stronger than we, and able to keep the field, now way
the time of his harvest, in which he made no doubt but to
get the whole spoil of the country ; alleging farther that
he knew very well the Lord Lieutenant's tarrying in Eng-
land was but to procure a great army to come upon him
on all sides the next spring."
During this cessation a messenger came to us from O'Don-
nell with a letter or message to Tyrone, that he should
proceed himself in this negotiation, and that though O'Don-
nell could not then come, he would stand to whatever Tyrone
should conclude. Hereupon Tyrone, with a show of great
unwillingness, agreed to a month more, making six weeks
from the expiration of the first cessation agreed upon with
the Lord Lieutenant.
I perceived an intention in him to go within a short time
to the river of Shenon to confer with the supposed Earl of
Desmond and others of his confederates, and, if they were
desirous of peace, to learn what conditions they would stand
upon.
Signed : William Warren.
Copy. Pp. 2.
[Oct.] 325. " INSTRUCTIONS [by the QUEEN] for one to be sent into
Vol. 632, p. isi. Ireland, 1599."
By the coming over of our cousin of Essex upon a cessation
taken with Tyrone, we find great cause to send over some
2 9 *
342 CAREW MSS.
1599.
discreet person, well instructed from hence, to acquaint the
Council there with the causes of our removing him from the
government.
We are displeased with his return, contrary to our com-
mands, without licence from us, and with his small discretion
in not concluding with Tyrone, but returning without any
certainty as to what he desires at our hands. " For our
honour's sake we can do no less than in some measure to
chastise him." We are, therefore, determined to use his services
there no further.
Bring us relation of the state of the kingdom, the state of
our army, and the forces of the rebels. Also, "how the
titulary Earl of Desmond would be had, whereon depends the
good of Mounster, and how the Moores and O'Connors in
Lyenster may also be taken in," for of both those countries we
have passed estates to our natural subjects of English birth.
If Tyrone and O'Donnell be drawn in, what forces are suffi-
cient to overrun the other rebels. If Tyrone prove desperate,
what forces will be sufficient to defend the frontiers of Ulster
and preserve our possessions elsewhere. We have set down a
memorial of such conditions as may be granted to the rebels
without destroying our natural subjects.
Declare to the Council that we have lately received by our
cousin of Essex a relation of his proceedings ; and that we
have " resolved to establish another government by authority
from hence, which now is limited to the time of his absence
only.' 1 * Our cousin pleads in his excuse " that in whatsoever
he varied from the counsels set down before his going, and
resolved by us, it was but to accord with the State there, and
in most things of prosecution there following the advice of
our cousin of Ormond ; adding further that, although he did
still protest in many things against their opinions, especially
against his going into the North, yet, finding such an unity
of contestation against him, he thought it more safe to use
conformity." He was persuaded that if we resolved on " a
course of remission " to those that had offended us (Tyrone
especially), most of them would become loyal subjects. We
had, however, given him ample authority to prosecute or to
pardon.
The cessation he has concluded is upon such equal terms
that Tyrone may break it off at any time within 14 days.
Ormond is, therefore, to procure a meeting with Tyrone, and
let him know that we do not reject his desire to become a
good subject ; that nothing shall divert us from him, if we find
cause to receive him again to grace, but a clear proof of new
disloyalties ; " and that displeasure to our cousin of Essex is
grounded upon this, that he would leave things so rawly, and
bring over no certainty."
Copy. Pp. 6.
* Archbishop Loftus and Sir George Carey were appointed Lords Justices
when the Earl of Essex quitted Ireland.
ELIZABETH. 343
1599.
Nov. 5. 326. The QUEEN to SIR JEFFREY FENTON, Secretary for
VoL 601, p. 185. Ireland.
When, on the return of Essex out of Ireland, we commanded
you to confer with Tyrone in order to learn " in what sort he
did crave our mercy," we promised to send over some person
with authority to conclude. As the nobleman whom we
intend to send to rule that kingdom cannot be ready so soon
as we expected, we impart our pleasure to you.
" We do find by the manner of Essex his report that he
(Tyrone) seemeth to have been much carried on to this course
of submission in respect of the opinion he had of him, and
the confidence he had by his mediation to procure all his
desires ; Tyrone professing, as it seemed by Essex his words,
that such was his affection to himself for his father's sake,
as he would not draw^iis sword against him, but he would
do that for him which he would not do for any other.
Herein we have thought good to require you to let him
plainly understand that, although we do no more mislike
that he should address himself to us by Essex than by any
other that should hold his place (it being always proper for
men in his degree to make their suits known by those to
whom the Prince committeth the trust of her kingdom), yet
we would have him consider and remember, that as he is
our subject born, and raised to honour by us only, and not
born to depend upon any second power (as long as he shall
carry himself like a good subject), so if, after his offences
known to the world so publicly, this submission [of] his shall
not as well appear to the world by all clear circumstances to
proceed simply out of his inward grief and sorrow for his
offences against us, and from his earnest desire only to satisfy
us his Sovereign, but that it must be bruited abroad, that for
any other man's respect whosoever he takes the way, either
sooner or later, to become a good subject, or that it shall be
conceived that Tyrone would forbear to draw his sword
against our Lieutenant rather than against us, we shall take
ourself thereby much dishonoured, and neither could value
anything that shall proceed from him on such conditions, nor
dispose our mind to be so gracious to him hereafter as other-
wise we might have been induced.
" And therefore we would have you assure him, first, if he
be put in the head, that though we should vouchsafe to pardon
him presently, yet there might be some courses of injustice or
hard measure offered him hereafter by those to whom the rule
of that kingdom should be committed, that he shall never see
the day, whensoever we have vouchsafed to pronounce the
word of mercy and pardon to any, have he been never so
notorious an offender, that any subject living shall use him in
other sort than for such a one as we shall have received him.
And, therefore, if any such suspicion may be raised in his
mind, let him distrust those that so tell him, to care more for
their own particular ends than for his good.
344 CAREW MSS.
159?.
" And further, because we have understood that, in respect
of our restraint of Essex here, it may be surmised or devised
there that we have so proceeded with Essex because we mis-
like that he hath come over to persuade us to a course of
mercy, as though we had a heart so hardened from compas-
sion of the miseries of that kingdom, that we should be dealt
withal to relieve the same by any other course than by the
shedding of our people's blood, we would have you let him
know from ourself that our displeasure towards him hath no
such relation, but hath grown by his breach of our com-
mandment in bestowing our offices and honours contrary to
his instructions, for issuing great sums of money contrary to
our warrant, and for divers other things, besides his last pre-
suming to come personally over out of that kingdom where
we had absolutely iommanded him to stay till we had sent
him licence under our hand, and sent over some other noble-
man to take his place ; all which we could not suffer to pass
unpunished, unless we would have given encouragement to
others to have offended us with the like presumption.
" So as to conclude : although there be some points in his
petition to Essex concerning others his confederates in rebel-
lion which we can neither clearly understand nor can accept
in the form he seeketh (except he explain himself the better),
it seemeth by Essex' own speech that the short time of their
conference made him not fully conceive the particular meaning
of Tyrone in divers of those articles ; yet forasmuch as we
have heard that since his meeting with Essex he hath showed
no ill affection towards us (to our knowledge), but hath
observed the cessation for his part inviolable, whereby in the
eye of the world there is some show that he hath a desire and
purpose to please us, which he hath not performed heretofore
upon like occasions, our pleasure is that you confer with him
more particularly at this meeting, and drive him from his
follies by letting him know what we have been and may be
to him if he deserve it, and by making him see what it is to
trust to foreign princes that despise him but to serve their
turns, and whensoever they should help him, would esteem
him but as a traitor, where by returning to his Prince he
might escape misery, which must be his end, as the condem-
nation of ingratitude hath been* for so notorious and unnatural
offending her that made him what he is, and will at last make
him feel her power, rather than to be still dishonoured. The
remission of all which you may assure him by virtue hereof,
if he shall give us just cause by such reasonable and dutiful
offers to believe that he hath a remorse of his former errors,
and a resolution to become and continue a good subject. Our
purpose being, at his earnest and humble suit, notwithstanding
so many his just provocations of our indignation, to receive
* Sic.
ELIZABETH. 345
1599.
him now at last, into our grace and mercy, so to live and to
be used by us as shall be for his greatest comfort, without any
thought of taking other revenge towards him than Almighty
God doth use after he hath forgiven the greatest sinners, upon
their speedy and sincere craving of mercy."
Richmond, 5 November 1599.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Nov. 6. 327. The QUEEN to the LORDS JUSTICES, LORD LIEUTENANT,
Vol. 601, p. 186a. and COUNCIL.
" We have understood that you our Secretary (Fenton) are
now to go to the borders to speak with Tyrone, and that
Warren is appointed to assist you in this service, as one of
whose person the traitor is not suspicious." If he present
such offers as prove his intention to become a good subject,
" we will rather vouchsafe mercy than spend the lives of our
subjects one against another."
When Essex returned, he acquainted us with Tyrone's
offers, which " are both full of scandal to our realm and
future peril in that State." What would become of all
Munster, Leyx, and Ophalh'-, " if all the ancient exiled rebels
be restored to all that our laws and hereditary succession
have bestowed upon us ? " It is probable that, " by the ill
carnage of all our actions of late, he had discovered that the
likelihood of prevailing by present prosecution or plantation
of Northern garrisons was taken away, and therefore sought
to possess our late Lieutenant with these demands."
Consideration should be had of the expense and charge at
which we have been to so little purpose ; but if we may do
so with honour, and without raising him " to a greater exor-
bitancy, we will pardon his past faults." It would be an
indignity that those who were always his enemies, until they
united in rebellion, must now publicly work their good by
him that wrought them into their treasons.
" For himself and the Northern traitors, if he did only seek
to compound, so might the matter be carried, as it was
heretofore in Norries' time, which is well known to you our
Secretary, that he might be assured under hand that they
should be pardoned upon their own reasonable submission,
though in the face of the world they should be left single to
crave our mercy. For any other personal coming in of him-
self, or constraint in religion, we can be content for the first
that he may know he shall not be peremptorily concluded,
and in the second that we leave to God, who knows best
how to work his will in those things, by means more fit than
by violence, which doth rather obdurate than reform And
therefore, as in that case he need not to dread us, so we intend
not to bind ourselves further for his security than by our
former course we have witnessed ; who have not used rigour
in that point, even when we might with more probability
346 CAREW MSS.
1599.
have forced others, then those* are so far from religion as
they are scarce acquainted with civility.
" That the last cessation was kept by Tyrone we do under-
stand, and therefore allow better of that point in him than
before we had cause. For those things that were done by
you our cousin of Ormonde, in revenge of them that brake
it in Wexford, we think it done both valiantly and justly if
it be as we do hear. Only this we must recommend unto
you, as a matter of consequence, that you do not irritate nor
oppress any such as have submitted themselves to us, and
do continue obedient, in respect of any private unkindness of
your own, as Mountgarrett, Cahyre, or others, if they do not
fall from their duties again. Of both which we would know
on what conditions they were received, and what surety they
have given for their continuance ; it being strange to us, even
for honour's sake, that when Tyrone assented first to a cessation,
that he did not, as in all former times men have done, put in
pledges for the observation.
" For the secret satisfaction which he pretended by Essex
to receive from us by him that was our Governor, we have
written to our Secretary to make him know our pleasure,
which we conceive he cannot be so senseless as not to esteem
all one, though he hath it not by the mean he would receive
it ; for that were to make us think that he were more carried
and addicted with private affection to our subjects and ser-
vants than with loyal and entire humbleness and love to
his Sovereign. For what can any man's power be to do
him, or any, good, which must not be derived from us ? " He
is not to pretend fear or doubt of our mercy, " because those
who have deserved our displeasure for other things are not
still honoured with our employments." On this subject we
have written to our Secretary Fenton.
" Though we will not assent in other provinces to the
restitution of all traitors to their livings, or the displantation
of our subjects that have spent their lives in the just defences
of their possessions which they have taken and held from us
or our ancestors, yet if any of them, by voluntary encroach-
ment, by packing false titles, or unjust oppression, have drawn
any into misery or rebellion, we will see these things justly
and duly with all speed reformed, and in the point of justice
make no difference of persons when justice shall be craved by
all in one fashion."
If we be driven to use our sword, " we do think all courses
vain that shall be carried on with plantation of garrisons,
thereby to make the war in another sort than it hath been ;
and therefore can we not but still challenge you all, and you
especially, our cousin of Ormonde, that contrary to that
counsel you did so strangely urge our Lieutenant against his
* Qu. mistake for " than those who," &c.
ELIZABETH. 347
1599.
own mind (as he protesteth) still to range so far from place
to place in Munster, and to spend so long time as not to
arrive at Dublin before July were a third part spent, whereby
you know that all the forces he carried (which were the flower
of our army) were tired and harassed, and it [was] accounted
honour enough to bring them back again ; whereof you saw
this effect to follow, that in some corners whole regiments
were defeated in many places, divers disasters happened, and
in all places, wheresoever the army itself marched, some losses
fell of our best commanders, which was to those base rebels
an honour, though not a victory, and to our nation a dis-
couragement, whilst the traitor triumphed, whom all you
[knew we ?] so earnestly wished to be first attempted, who
contrarywise sat still and kept our army [in] play with the
overplus of his loose men, which he was desirous to rid of
himself.
" Surely we must still say that the errors were excusable
in none of you that prolonged the time, though in him less
than any other who best knew our pleasure in that and all
other things, wherein he more directly and more contemp-
tuously disobeyed us ; and though we did not disallow it for
some short time at first in all you when we heard of it, yet
we dreamed not of such a prolongation as should make it
impossible either to plant at Loughefoile, or prosecute him in
other places of his country, but that both the time and means
should be so consumed and disjointed for such an action ; for
he that shall read any of his letters after he came last to
Dublin shall only see great words, what he meant and wished
to be done, but in the substance of his letters nothing appeared
but impossibilities to do anything."
Should gracious dealing be unavailing, we will cause Lough-
foile to be planted, and make war upon Tyrone, " being now
in great terms to compound the wars with Spain ; wherein,
to the intent you our cousin of Ormonde may see your
mistress, after the old fashion, loveth rather to be sought to
than to seek to, we have caused our Secretary by his par-
ticular letter to inform you, and to show you how the
Lieutenant of the King of Spain's army in the Low Countries,
being by the House of Austria his cousin, and a Cardinal,
made the first overture of that peace, and still pursued since
by letters and messages earnestly, until the King of Spain
and the Archduke with his wife, the Infanta, have declared
themselves in it so far as it is now reduced to the terms it
stands on ; so as the rebels of Ireland shall have little cause to
look for help from him, nor we be distracted from a considerate
and judicial proceeding to end that war."
* What will be the answer of the traitor for the last treason
of the bridge where Esmond's company was defeated, we do
attend by your next despatch, and what reason he will yield
for usurping so unjustly in the time of the cessation to place
Bremingham in the county of Kildare. But of these things
348 CAREW MSS.
1599.
we could wish that you would cause Fenton to expostulate
as from you our Governor there, rather than to take it from
us, because we are desirous if there may be appearance of
any good means to save that kingdom from the curse of con-
tinual war rather to seem for a beginning to be ignorant
for some offences, than by taking notice of them to make
them desperate."*
Although we purpose to send over some nobleman of this
kingdom to make prosecution if there be cause, yet we repose
so much upon the judgment and fidelity of you our cousin
of Ormonde, that we wish you to make your greatest residence
at Dublin in the meanwhile.
We hear of soldiers continually coming over, " not only sick
men, but very able bodies."
Richmond, 6 November 1599.
Copy. Pp. 6.
Nov. 13. 328. SIR WILLIAM WARREN.
VoL 632, p. 184. " My Declaration touching my Journey to Tyrone, the third
time of my going thither since the departure of the
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (Essex), November 13th.,
Io99."f
On Thursday last, the 8th instant, I (Warren) met Tyrone
at Dungannon, and told him I was sent to know why he
brake the six weeks' cessation agreed upon at our last
meeting. He answered that he had given 14 days' warning,
according the articles. His reasons were these : that he
understood by letters from Scotland that the Lord Lieutenant
(the Earl of Essex) was committed, and he was the only man
in whom he put his trust to deal for him, for the Council here
had deceived him, as by his letter to the Lord Lieutenant
would appear.
He said he could not agree to any further cessation, having
" resolved upon a course for O'Donnell into Connaught and
others his confederates into other parts ;" but I should shortly
hear of him towards the borders of the Pale, and could meet
him there, if I had anything to say touching her Majesty's
pleasure to be delivered to him by Sir Jeffrey Fenton. He
was very earnest to know what her pleasure was, but I knew
it not.
" Whilst I was there with him I saw a letter sent unto him
out of Connaught with this superscription, 'To the Right
Honorable my very good Lord O'Neyle, chief Lieutenant of
Ireland ;' at which I laughed ; and he, perceiving me to
laugh, asked what it was. I answered, 'To see so strange a
superscription.' He then read the same, not marking it
* The following proYerb is quoted here : " He goes far that never turns."
f Note by Carew : " Sir William Warren was the messenger unto Tyrone."
ELIZABETH. 349
1599.
before he opened the letter. I asked to whom the devil he
could be Lieutenant. He answered me, ' Why should I not
be a Lieutenant as well as the Earl of Ormond ?' "
He had sent O'Donnell with O'Rowark and all the Con-
naught men into that province to settle O'Connor Sligoe in
his country, and to make a new O'Bryen or a Baron of
Inchequin of some one of that name, to whom Tyrone had
written to join with O'Donnell and go into Thomond, and to
spoil all that country.
" He seemed to stand chiefly upon a general liberty of
religion throughout the kingdom. I wished him to demand
some other thing reasonable to be had from her Majesty ; for
I told him that I thought that her Majesty would no more
yield to that demand than she would do to give her crown
from her head." After some other idle discourses we parted.
Signed : William Warren.
Copy. Pp. 3.
Dec. 25. 329. The EARL OF TYRONE to SIR WILLIAM WARREN.
Vol. 632, p. 187. " Seeing the conclusion of cessations is so prejudicial unto
that which I pretend, henceforward I will conclude none if
present redress be not done. In this last concluded between
the Earl of Ormond and me, there were sundry breaches by
your side committed ; for Sir Samuel Bagenall took a prey of
O'Hanlen." One of my men was apprehended, one of my
horsemen's sons killed, and a horse of mine taken away.
"And chiefly the cessation is greatly violated by the
apprehending of Father Henry FitzSimons, a man to whom
(as before God I protest) I am no more beholden than to an
Irish Catholic that is restrained in Turkey for his religion, but
undertake generally to plant the Catholic faith throughout all
Ireland. According my often protestations, I must under-
take, be it accepted or not, for all Irish Catholics ; and do feel
myself more grieved that any should be for his religion
restrained in time of cessation, than if there were 1,000 preys
taken from me. Wherefore, as ever you think that I shall
enter to conclude peace or cessation with the State, let him be
presently enlarged."
Dungenan, 25 December 1599.
Copy. Pp.2.
Dec. 31. 330. The EARL OF TYRONE to the KING of SPAIN.
Vol. 632, p. 188. Nothing can be more beneficial to a Christian state than to
have men preeminent for learning and virtue to disseminate
God's Word, instruct the people, and eradicate errors from
men's minds. Of such men this kingdom is lamentably des-
titute, owing to continued war and the exertions of heresy ;
and we cannot obtain such men unless your Majesty, with
your accustomed regard to the prosperity of this State, the
350 CAREW MSS.
1599.
exaltation of the Catholic religion, and the extirpation of
heresy, grant some pension (stipendium) to our college of
Douay, which contains almost 100 students, living solely on
the liberality and alms of others.
Dungannon, the last of December 1599.
Your Majesty's most faithful subject, O'Neale.
Copy. Latin. P. 1.
Dec. 31. 331. The EARL OF TYRONE to the ARCHDUKE [of AUSTRIA].
Vol. 632, p. i88a. Praying (as above) for an annual pension to the college of
Douay.
I have frequently written to your Highness of the state of
this war how the English are daily becoming weaker, how I
had concluded with them a cessation from arms, and how I
revoked it for your sake, because the English intend, after the
cessation is concluded, to send the soldiers whom they have
here to the war in the Low Countries. I have therefore
again taken up arms against them.
Dungannon, the last of December 1599.
Your Highness's friend, O'Neale.
Copy. Latin. P. 1.
332. VICTUALLING.
Vol. GOT, p. H5. " A brief Declaration of a Proportion of Victuals to serve
1,000 men for 28 days, as also what Shipping will serve
for transportation of the same Victuals."
Beer, allowing one pottle to a man per diem, 58 tuns,
1 puncheon.
Biscuit, at 1 Ib. each man per diem, 28,000 Ib.
Cheese (for 14 days), at 1 Ib., 14,000 Ib.
Butter (for 14 days), at Ib., 7,000 Ib.
Shipping, " 97 tons in stowage."
P. 1. Dated by Careiv, " 1599." Endorsed : " 1600."
333. VICTUALLING.
Vol. 607, p. 147. " A Proportion for one man his Victuals for a week." [by]
Robert Ardern, 1599.
1 Ib. biscuit or 1 ^ Ib. loaf bread each day of the week. On
Sunday, 2 Ib. salt or 2 \ Ib. fresh beef. Monday, 1 Ib. Holland
cheese. Tuesday, \ Ib. butter. Wednesday, 1 quart of great
oatmeal called cleas. Thursday, 1 Ib. English cheese. Friday,
the third part of a large dried cod. Saturday, \ Ib. butter.
" Mem. The like proportion shall be served every second
week ; only in lieu of 2 Ib. of beef upon the Sunday, 1 Ib. of
bacon or I Ib. of salt pork is to be delivered, with one pint of
pease."
P. 1. Endorsed by Carew.
ELIZABETH. 351
1599.
334. CABEW.
Vol. 607, p. H9. An old Prophecy of Carew, in Irish, called Carounagh."
There are two translations, as follow :
(1.) " It will pioceed of Carewe's right, you will repent
your present acts, when many [a] foreign voice unknit will be
on brinks of Myathlaght."
(2.) " It shall come of Carewe his right, that you shall
repent your doings ; many a stranger's voice shall be about
the river of Myalthagh."
With an exposition of several Irish words.
Dated by Carew, " 1599."
Pp. 2. Endorsed by Carew.
335. " The CHAKGE per annum of 100 FOOT."
Vol. 607, p. 151. For a captain, 4s. ster. a day; petty -captain, 2s. ; ensign,
Is. Gd. ; two sergeants, one drum[mer], and a surgeon, at 12c.
each ; and 100 footmen at 8d. Total for a year, \, 4-261. 10s.
IQd. ; i.e,, in "lendings," 9711. 3s. 2%d. ; in apparel, 455Z. 7s.
The wages of a band of 100 footmen without captain and
officers for one year at the above rate amount to 1,216.
13s. 4eZ.
Dated by Carew, 1599."
P. 1. Endorsed.
336. VICTUALLING.
Vol. 607, p. 153. "A Proportion of Provision to be made for 9,200 men
upon an intended new voyage for four months."
Biscuit, 130,400 [c]wt. Canvas, 19,320 ells. Beer, 4,293
tuns. " Filling beer," 215 tuns. Beef, for 32 days, 2,930,400
pieces of 2 Ib. each. Pork and bacon, 2,930,400 Ib. Pease,
585 qr. Ling, for 40 days, 46,000. Butter, 46,000 Ib.
Cheese, 92,000 Ib.
Dated by Careiv, " 1 599."
P. 1. Endorsed.
337. CARBRIE.
Vol. 607, p. 154. A Note of all the Plowlands in the country of Carbrie, in
co. Cork."-
Demesne lands of McCartle Revyhc. Kilbrittane, 18
plowlands. Banduffe, 7 pi. Gortny-Cloghy, 8 pi. Down-
danier, 3 pi. Montin, 10^ pi. Kilgobban, 4 pi. Cuilnepissy,
2 pi. Clan-Shane-Roe, 7" pi. Slught Owen, G pL Slught
Donoghe, 5 pi. Total, 70 pi.
O'Mayhon Fun and his sept. Evaghe contains 105 pi.,
whereof O'Maghon Fun has G4, spiritual lands 30, and
escheated lands 9. Slught Teg O'Maghonie has 36 pi.,
whereof spiritual lands 9.
G'Drischalltf lands. Collimore contains 63 pi., the lord
whereof is O'Drischall More. Collibeg is O'Drischall Oge's
352 CAREW MSS.
1599.
land, and contains 34 pi., whereof 13 are spiritual. Glan-
barraghan contains 5 pi., whereof 1 is spiritual land, and the
rest escheated.
CfDonevan and hw sept. Clanecahell, 65 pi., whereof
O'Donevan is lord ; 2 pi. spiritual. Clanloghlin, 54 pi., and
Clanmoylin, 12 pi., possessed by the O'Donevans.
(f Dally. Muintir-Vary, 36 pi., whereof 3 spiritual.
O'Crmvlye. Killshallow, 32 pi.
O'Muwikie. Ballywiddan, 4 pi.
O'Mahon Carbry. Kinalmekeghe, G3 pi., escheated.
Lands of the McCarties. Clan Teg Roe, 18 pi. ; 6 spiritual.
Clan Dermoudie, 63 pi. ; 23 escheated, 6 spiritual. Clan Teg
Ellen, 27 pi. Glancryme, 52 pi. Clancromin, 32 pi. Slught
Cormocke Ny Kyllie, 13 pi. Twoghe Iniskene, 12 pi.,
escheated. Slught Glasse, 14 pi. Twoghe Ny Killie, 16 pi.,
supposed to be escheated. Twoghe Bally Ny Deyghie, 13 pi.
Beallnycareggy, 3 pi. Shanavoyghe, 3 pi. Killmorrow, 2
pi. Boihennaght, 3 pi. Slught Corckey, 9 pi. Kilbirri, 1
pi. Ploughlands belonging to the Crosse, 5, spiritual lauds.
The Island, 5 pi., spiritual. Slught Enesles McCrowin, 7 pi.
ir. "A brief Note of all the Lands in Carbrie."
Demesne lands belonging to MacKartie Reoghe, for the
provision of his house, 70^ pi. Lands remaining in the pos-
session of sundry of the septs of Cartie that are followers, 299
pi. O'Mahon Fun and his sept, 141 pi., &c., as above.
" Total, 879 ; whereof there is spiritual lands belonging to
the Bishop of Rosse, pi. 80 ; and also escheated to the Crown
by sundry attainders, pi. 127; which, in all of spiritual and
escheated, amounts unto pi. 207 ; which being deducted out
of the sum of 879 pi. aforesaid, there remaineth in the pos-
session of McCartie Reoghe and his followers the number of
672 pi."
In Careiv's hand. Dated " 1599."
Pp. 3. Endorsed : " A survey of Carbry."
338. QUEEN'S COUNTY.
Vol. 635, p. no. Names of the chief inhabitants, 1599.*
In Carew's hand. P. 1 .
339. The KAVANAGHS.
Vol. 614, p. Hi. "A Note of the twenty mart lands which Donell Reogh
Kavanagh, ancestor to Donell Spaniagh that now is, gave
unto his son Art Boy McDonell Reogh."
Some of them are now possessed by Sir Richard Masterston,
Sir Henry Wallopp, Lord Mountgarett, and Sir Nicholas
Walshe.
Art Beoy Kevanaghe possessed Enischortye, &c.
P. 1. Endorsed.
* Similar to No. vm. on p. 191 ante.
ELIZABETH. 353
1600.
Jan. 2. 340. SIR JOHN DOWDALL to SECRETARY CECIL.
Vol. 614, p. 207. At my last being at Court, I was a suitor for 1,800?., laid out
to support the men committed to my charge. After seven
months' detraction I was despatched to Duncannon with a
promise from you and the rest of my Lords that I should
be paid, and commanded to leave an agent to follow my suit.
My agent has prevailed little. By disbursing that money I
have engaged my whole estate. I must again repair in person
to renew my suit. Since I saw you I have paid 400, which
I owed for victualling my soldiers.
" Take this much from me, which I have gathered by ex-
perience these twenty years and upward. This nation is proud,
beggarly, and treacherous, without faith or humanity, where
they may overcome by tyranny. They are best to be com-
manded when they are poor, as may \vell appear by the tran-
quillity many years after they were plagued by the Desmondes'
wars, Boltinglasse's, the wars of Connoglit, and the revolt of a
great many of them in Leynister ; by which peace they grew
so wealthy that for these 400 years past they were never so
rich." Thereupon a rebellion was plotted at Lyfford, the
Holy Cross, and such like superstitious places, by sundry
seminary priests, as McCrast, Father Archer, and many the
like sent by the Pope and the King of Spain. They were
assisted generally by the townsmen and the nobility and
gentry of both kinds, and were permitted by our State to
grow to a head.
This nation is very apt in corrupting with bribes ; if not a
deputy or president, then some one that is greatest with him.
The smoke of rebellion was first seen in the forerunner
of the rebellion, Magweyre, next in Tyrone, and " sequelarly "
in his confederates in all parts of the kingdom. At first they
doubted their ability to maintain wars, and in the beginning
10,000 men would have vanquished them wholly.
They are maintained with powder, munition, and imple-
ments of war from Spain, Scotland, and the towns, and most
of all from her Majesty's army.
" They grew strong by the faction between the Deputy and
Sir John Norris. and proud by Sir John Norris his tem-
porising and forbearance of wars. They were encouraged by
the disgrace of the Governor of Connoght, enabled by the
overthrow at Blackwater ; proud, for that no resistance was
made by the President to withstand so small an incursion as
was made into Munster ; and again proud, for that so worthy
a man undertook the wars and made so short an abode. They
are greatly strengthened for that they hear of a faction in the
English Court."
Why are the forces so weak and poor ? One cause is the
electing of captains rather by favour than desert, for many
are inclined to dicing, wenching, and the like, and do not
regard the wants of their soldiers.
3 - 3 ; Z
354 CAREW MSS.
1600.
" Another cause is, for that the soldiers do rather meditate the
disarmed companies that came out of Brittayne and Picardy,
desiring a scalde rapier before a good sword, a pike without
carettes or burgennett, a hagbutteyre without a murreon,
which hath not been accustomed in this country but of late."
The captains and soldiers generally follow this course, " which
is a course fitter to take blows than make a good stand."
Many of the captains and gentlemen are worthy men, but
most of them are fitter for the wars of the Low Countries
and Brittayne, where they were quartered upon good villages,
than here, on waste towns, bog, or wood, after long marches.
Some captains have by their purse and credit held their
companies strong, but have neither been repaid nor rewarded,
and have fallen into great poverty. Other captains, therefore,
rather than spare a penny, will suffer their soldiers to starve,
as is daily seen in this kingdom.
Another reason is, that supplies come so short, and so long
after they are due, verifying the old proverb, " Whiles the
grass grows the horse starves." The victuals are many times
corrupted, as is thought, by the provant-masters, that go to the
heap for cheap. And so with the purveyors of the apparel
often a suit valued at 40s. proves not worth half, yet is t the
soldier constrained to take it, some six or nine months after it
is due, at the charge of the captain for transporting from
place to place. Most part of the army, therefore, seem beg-
garly ghosts, fitter for their graves than to fight a prince's
battle. The report hereof so works in men's minds that they
had as lief go to the gallows as to the Irish wars.
The captains and soldiers " are constrained, upon their
charges, with long attendance, to fetch by convoy their weekly
lendings sometimes 30 or 40 miles."
Monthly musters are made by view of a commissary, and
[the captain] is chequed " for insufficiency or not appearing."
If any soldiers die or run away before the end of the half-
year's musters, and others enter in their places, the captain
is chequed for so many suits, " and so the soldiers enter-
tained must starve for want of apparel, except the captain
bear the loss of it." These are accounted husbandry and gains
for her Majesty !
The soldiers are compelled to carry muskets, which are very
heavy. They should have calivers of a musket length, which
will shoot further than muskets ; " for muskets were first
devised to encounter the heavy armed, and for defence of
towns and fortresses, and not to answer so light services as
these ; besides the charge of powder and lead, the weight
of which, together with the musket, doth clog and weary
the bearer."
Why is the Irish rebel so strong, so well armed, apparelled,
victualled, and moneyed ? He endures no wants ; he makes
booty upon all parts of the kingdom, and sells it back for
ELIZABETH. 355
1600.
money. In this way the same cow has been taken and sold
back again four times in half a year, by which they (the
rebels) have all the money of the kingdom.
There is no soldier with a good sword but some Gray
merchant or townsman will buy it from him. The soldier,
being poor, sells it for 10s. or 12s., and if excellent good it
is worth commonly among the rebels Si. or 41. A graven
murreon, bought of a poor soldier for a noble or 10s., is worth
among the rebels 31. The soldiers likewise, through neces-
sity and penury, sell their powder at 12c?. a pound, and the
Gray merchants or townsmen collect it and sell it again to the
traitors at 3s.
It is not the sword only, but famine, that will make them
fall, as in the Desmondes' wars and those of Connaught. It
may be said the good shall perish with the bad. I hold there
are very few but have deserved, both at God's hands and
her Majesty's, such a reward. The enemy spares neither
friend nor foe, and as long as there is any plough going, or
breeding of cattle, he will be able to make wars, except
against walled towns or fortresses. The army pays for what
it takes ; the enemy does not.
It is reported that her Majesty will receive them to grace
by a pacification, a dangerous example, considering the
uncivil disposition of the nation.
Youghall, 2 January 1599. Signature torn off.
P.S. in DowdaWs hand : " Sent by Mr. Henry Palmer."
Pp. 5. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew.
Jan. 13. 341. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS for MUNSTER.
Vol. 604, p. 222. Take order that the 500 men now sent from hence be
received into the town of Cork, and dieted there until the
treasure shall arrive. The townsmen shall be satisfied for
their diet. They are intended to fill up the bands that are
weakest and most employed against the enemy. Captain
Phillips conducts them. Apparel to be provided for them.
Richmond, 13 January 1599.
Signed : Tho. Egerton, C. S., T. Buckhurst, Notingham,
G. Hunsdon, W. Knollys, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortiscue.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed.
Jan. 15. 342. The PRIVY COUNCIL to THOMAS WATTSON and the PAY-
VoL 604, p. 272. MASTER for CORK.
" Forasmuch as her Majesty hath thought good to send her
President of Mounster (Carew) to Dublin with the Lord De-
puty (Mountjoy), and from thence to make his repair to that
province, she hath commanded us in her name to take order,
that of these 5,000/. which you carry into Mounster you do
forbear for any occasion to issue any more than 3,000. until
his arrival And seeing her Majesty hath also sent i\
z 2
356 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
late proportion of victual, to move the Commissioners to S63
it well and orderly issued to the soldier."
Richmond, 15 January 1599.
Signed : T. Buckhurst, Ho. Cecil!, Jo. Fortescue.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed.
[Jan.] 343. INSTRUCTIONS for LORD MOUNTJOY, Lord Deputy.*
Vol C32, p. 194. We commit to you the government of Ireland, wherein we
have received dishonour and consumed infinite masses of
treasure through the errors of those to whom we formerly
committed it.
We have resolved to maintain an avmy of 12,000 foot and
1,200 horse, and appointed money to be sent thither to defray
the expenses of other officers and servitors. You are not to
exceed these numbers, except for prevention of some notorious
peril to the kingdom. Abridge superfluous charges.
Deliver our letters to the Justices (Loftus and Carey),
receive the sword, and take your oath. Then assemble the
Council, and inform yourself of the state of our forces, of the
strength of the rebels, and what persons are wavering from
us. Of these last you are to take pledges.
" We do recommend unto your special care to preserve the
true exercise of religion amongst our loving subjects ; and
though the time doth not permit that you should now inter-
meddle by any severity or violence in matterfs] of religion
until we have better established our power there to coun-
tenance your actions in that kind, yet we require you that
both in your own house and in your armies you foresee that
no neglect be used in that behalf."
Assist our office rs of justice in the several courts.
Although that kingdom is so distressed that most of our
revenues are lost and wasted, yet because time may daily
revive former losses, and the distribution of our forces will
enable the tenants to make profit of their lands, we have
given you authority with others to proceed therein for the
benefit of our service.
We are deceived and our kingdom endangered " in the
matters of musters," which we impute chiefly to the bad
choice of captains, of whom divers are so needy and ill-
disposed that they seek to deceive or corrupt the commissaries
of musters ; and they are rather suffered to take pride in
their practice than punished for example.
As it is a common abuse of captains to entertain Irish, that
they may suddenly fill up their companies on muster days,
see that abuse reformed by avoiding as much as possible the
entertainment of Irish, who may run away armed to the
* Appointed 21 January 1600. (See Morrin's Calendar of Irish Patent
Rolls, II. 5C4.)
ELIZABETH. 35?
1600.
rebels, or upon days of service " turn their swords into their
fellows' bosoms."
For the employment of our forces upon the rebels, " there
is no course to be taken but by plantation of garrisons in the
heart of the countries of the capital rebels You
perceive that we do sort our garrisons both for numbers and
places, to make a mixed war."
You are not to distribute our forces into unnecessary and
petty wards. For favour to private men, "their houses and
castles have been made wards in our pay to no use but for
their commodity ;" insomuch as during the time of our
late Lieutenant (Essex) a proportion of 5,000?. for con-
cordatums for extraordinary charges was quickly expended,
for in addition to our royal army our governor raised other
forces by virtue of concordatums. The sum allotted for
" extraordinaries " is to be expended in necessary disburse-
ments. Upon any just occasions we will increase your
allowance.
We have given order for great provision of victuals. Con-
sider what garrisons must be victualled, and what can provide
themselves victuals if they have their " lendings." As com-
plaints have been made of the bad provision of victuals and
apparel, take order that both be examined there, in order that
we may be certified with whom the fault lies, " for things
have hitherto been so carried and shuffled by posting errors
one from another, as the uncertainty of the offender hath
excused the offence." Although the merchants are greedy of
gain, the captains and commissary are judges of what they
receive, and if their mouths be not stopped by corruption,
upon their complaints to you the offender must receive cor-
rection. Select two or three councillors of discretion to hear
complaints in this matter. The victual to be taken in all
places by the soldier from the victualler, and the soldier to
take half victual and half "lendings." The Treasurer (Sir
George Carey) to account for the great sums allowed this year
for building storehouses.
We have also made large allowances of powder, artillery,
materials for fortifications, and such like. " For this matter
. . . depute some of the Council (besides the Master of the
Ordnance), because it seemeth that the Earl of Essex, who
carried over all those things, did not make him his assignee
for the receipt, but committed it to other new officers." There
was also great store of arms, besides numbers of swords, for
which defalcation ought to have been made. These things to
be examined by commissioners and the auditors whom we
send over.
With regard to the order concerning defalcation of powder
spent by the soldier, though it is reasonable the soldier be
found his powder in day of service, " yet in other times and
places there is no reason but the same should be defalkable,"
saving an allowance for his training.
358 CAREW MSS.
1600.
"You shall also take order that there be an indenture
exactly kept between the captain and the Treasurer of what
numbers of arms and what quality are delivered to the soldier,
whereby he shall covenant to send certificates of the true state
of the arms, the same to be testified by the clerk of the band ;
for although the soldier pay for his arms, yet may he neither
sell nor give them, because thereby the public service may be
prejudiced."
Give strict order in all ports of Ireland that no owners of
barques shall ship any persons with[out] the privity of the
officers of the ports, who are not to suffer any soldier to pass
without licence of the captain. No captain to give licence,
where there are more companies than one, without the know-
ledge of the colonel or commander.
Because many of our people perish " for want of good keep-
ing," provide hospitals with all furnitures belonging to them,
and appoint officers and orders for their government.
As "the captains and men of war are much encroached
upon by unreasonable fees of clerks and others, even when
they are to have warrants that are only for our service,"
depute " some councillors, such as have no interest in them, to
examine those abuses, and to settle a mediocrity in that
behalf."
We are informed of great decays in our horse companies.
Last summer we levied 400 horse at a charge of 12,000?., and
now again 200 more at 6,000 ; and we have long paid 1,200
and 1,300 horse. We cannot suffer " this abuse, that our own
horses should be returned hither, or otherwise made away, but
that those that had them out of England, and have received so
large pays for them, shall see them forthcoming." Discharge
those who fail to supply them, and make stay of their enter-
tainment for that purpose ; and if those " that have raised their
horse in Ireland " do not make them up, you shall transfer
them to such others as will. Above all, give no small broken
companies of horse, which are given for rewards, but never
maintained, "howsoever they are showed against a day of
muster." Eeduce them all into bands.
The Earl of Essex was allowed 400 carriage horses 200
bought in England, and 200 allowed upon checks. Make
inquiry of all these, that they may be employed for our service.
We have heretofore made grants of pensions to " old maimed
soldiers and servitors ;" but when these pensions fell our
Deputies granted them to followers of their own. In times of
politic and moderate governors, whenever our pensioners had
employment, they were checked of their pensions.
As we have given pensions to McSwyne Ne Doe and one
Fox, if any pensions fall, you are not to complete the number
" until so much be diminished by their vacancy as these two
last amount unto."
None to be suffered to sell powder or arms in any corporate
town but known and well-affected persons, who are to " put in
ELIZABETH. 359
1600.
sureties to give a monthly account to the colonel in that town,
or principal commander in that province." The principal
governor to see what goes out of every port.
As the corporate towns and walled cities have received great
benefit by the treasure that has come to their hands since the
beginning of these wars, they should maintain some soldiers for
their own defence, and, in case of extremity, to attend the prin-
cipal governor of the province, notwithstanding their charters.
As there is frequently a dearth of victuals, every householder
should "' be moved to make provision of corn for himself and
his family for half a year at the least, and, if it may be, of
butter and cheese likewise."
A survey to be made of the number and burdens of the
shipping belonging to the ports of Ireland, "that we may
make a judgment what is there to be had at any time " for our
service.
" We do find daily many reckonings sent over, some in the
name of towns, which are due to particular men that have
bought bills and debts unwarrantable, but yet subscribed cor-
ruptly by the Treasurer's clerks ; so it [is] likewise common
with principal governors and commanders in forts to make up
great demands with pretence that they have laid it out, or the
soldiers have taken up beoves for our service, or such like ; to
whom when we have caused great sums to be paid, it falleth
out afterwards that other poor men's reckonings are passed in
their gross accounts, whose clamour we are cumbered withal."
We have therefore appointed two of our auditors, Goston and
Sutton, to attend you ; and you are to cause proclamation to
be made in the towns, warning all persons within two months
to repair to Dublin, there to produce their bills, whereby a
perfect reckoning may be made, wherein, if they fail, their bills
shall be no more received.
As we have ordered that apparel and treasure for remote
places shall be shipped to them directly from hence, the pay-
master in each province is to be well instructed by the
Treasurer.
We refer all other things of this nature to yourself and the
Council.
To avoid bloodshed we have given large authority to our
governors to receive even those that have most notoriously
conspired against us ; but this has been so indiscreetly used
that in showing mercy we have punished our best subjects
and dishonoured ourselves ; for, whenever we might have dis-
tressed Tyrone, he, by general offers of submission, caused a sus-
pension of his prosecution until the opportunity was lost, though
his followers, over whom he usurped, were like to have left him
when our arms approached. He won their love in seeming to
care for them ; and it was from him that " all these late
foreign and dangerous practices were derived." Take heed
that we be no more abused in that kind, but " use all means
possible to cut him off as a reprobate to God, and leave him to
CAREW MSS.
the force of our sword/' If lie offer to submit, upon his first
offers, except they curry with them great probability of good
intention, " give him no other answer than as to an abject
person to whom you contemn to lend an ear." But if his
overtures continue, and you think a good opportunity may be
lost in sending to us, then, if he simply submit himself, you
may receive him. Keep secret this liberty, and notify to the
world that you will only receive those who will leave him and
make their submissions. So long as his adherents see that he
is heard for them, they will stick unto him, and not make any
offers underhand for themselves, though they joined him at
first for fear of his oppression. Upon overture of any principal
men whose coming in may be of consequence, receive them
upon such conditions as by the advice of our Council you find
convenient, provided that they come in personally, and give
security for continuing good subjects " by such pledges as are
likest to bind, and all other good means, and specially by
making them draw blood one upon another, if you can." Make
a great difference between the Northern rebels and those of
Munster and Leinster.
In dealing with the Northern rebels, you are not to seek
at first to strain them to any matter of profit, saving to answer
some composition and rising out ; and the Council is to
acquaint you with the memorials sent to Norries when he
dealt with the Northern traitors, " that you may tie them to
as many of them as you shall think most convenient." But in
Munster, and in other places where our English subjects are
planted, you are not " to yield to any conditions that may dis-
plant them, or bind us to give away to traitors any matters of
value." As persons who have been protected harbour the
persons and goods of rebels, or desired protection only to
gather in their harvest, be very sparing in granting protec-
tions ; and when you give either pardon or protection, labour,
besides their pledges, " to enjoin them to make some draughts
each upon other."
Whereas in many towns, as Newry, Dundalk, Kells, and
other seats for garrisons, allowance of entertainments are made
to the commanders there, as governors of towns, and yet they
are subordinate to some captain or colonel, you are not " to
make any such allowance to any governor, but that those
colonels whom we have allowed in the list, and have given
entertainment in that kind, may be appointed governors in
those places of trust, seeing we have allowed you the number
of 12, in which both the Earl of Thomond and the Lord Dun-
kellyn are included ; otherwise, that some old captains may
take provisional charge of those place?/' Let us not be
further charged, " unless it be to the Earl of Kildare and the
Baron of Dunsany, who for some time may be helped, if they
do continue in our service."
" In respect of the good service now lately of the Earl of
Clanricard and his son, we are pleased to give to the Lord
ELIZABETH. 36 1
1600.
Dunkellyn the commandment of the forces" in Connaught,
" until we shall settle some governor there of English blood,
or find cause to change our mind." You shall therefore grant
him a commission Avith this reservation, that they shall not
remove the company at Gal way for any service but with the
consent of the mayor and captain, nor dispose of the garrison
in Athlone but with the consent of the Chief Justice and
Council. The entertainment of Lord Dunkellyn as a colonel
Avould be sufficient " with other help he hath by his company
of foot," yet he shall have 100Z. yearly as of our favour. The
Chief Justice and Colonel of Connaught are still to have sole
authority in all civil causes ; but, for his better reputation, the
Lord Dunkellin " may, as a justice of peace, come to any place
of sessions or such like meetings to join with them." As there
have been heretofore allowances for a President and Council,
the Chief Justice is to have 40. more allowed him, and the
Clerk of the Council 20Z. besides his fee.
" Sir Samuel Bagnall had 20s. by the day, under the pretence
he was to be Governor of Lough Foile ;" but as we have ap-
pointed Henry Dockwraye, knight, to command there as colonel,
that entertainment is to cease.
Our cousin, the Earl of Thomond, residing in Clare, is to
have the command of such forces as shall come into his
country, and to be continued in the entertainment of a colonel.
In no case shall the Lord Dunkellin appear to have command-
ment over him, but they are both to co-operate in our service.
The quieting of that kingdom must principally be effected
by the good management of our army, but mercy may be
showed upon the conditions aforesaid. And because " we
have lost the best part of our possessions by the rebellion in
Munster, where there are plenty of good cities and towns
which are likest to be shot at by the common enemy," you
shall give all furtherance for the reducing of that province,
and "see the President* to his charge as soon as you can
dispatch him."
You are not to bestow knighthood upon any person without
asking our permission. The excess which other governors
have used has made that degree so common as to be contemp-
tible, and created jealousies here. When you recommend any
person we shall not deny you authority to confer the honour
on him, except we know some notorious cause to the contrary,
" provided always that you make none that are not of years,
because our right in the wardship of their bodies is often
called in question thereby."
We have written to our cousin of Ormond, taking notice of
his good services. " In respect that he hath been much toiled
now in his latter years, .... we have left unto him the
* Sir George Carew was appointed President of Munster 27 January 1600.
(Sec Morrin's Calendar of Irish Patent Itolls, II. 539.)
362 CAREW MSS.
1600.
choice whether he will retain the place of Lieutenant under you
or no." He is a nobleman so well deserving of us, " as we
would have himself and all the world know, that we make
extraordinary estimation of him."
Dated by Carew, " 1599."
Copy. Pp. 30.
Jan. 30. 344. The EARL OF NOTTINGHAM, Lord Admiral, to SIR
Vol. 615, p. 12. GEORGE CAREW, Lieutenant of the Ordnance.
As I understand you take with you to Munster some of the
gunners of the Tower, whereby some places will be void, I
pray you to sign a patent for this bearer for a scholar's place
in the artillery yard, that the same may the easier pass her
Majesty's hand.
From my house at Chelsey, 30 January 1599. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Feb. 13. 345. TYRONE and DESMOND to the LORD BARRY.
Vol. 615, p. 2. " We have, for the maintenance of the Catholic religion to
be planted in this realm, as also for the expelling of our
enemies from their continual treachery and oppression used
towards this poor country, undertaken a journey to visit these
places which as yet have not joined into that godly enterprise.
And for that your Lordship, by sinister persuasions, is altogether
seduced to hold with the Queen of England, and to serve
against us and the Church, we thought fit to write unto your
Lordship, and to entreat you withal to add your helping hand
in the accomplishing of our said enterprise, and to meet us at
Glanmoyre on Thursday next, or so soon as you may, with a
good pledge for performance. Otherwise we will fytt that
course which shall be little to your liking and your country.
And also urge not, we pray, the ruin of your followers, which
we would be loghe (loath) to work."
Tipperary, 13 February 1599.
Signed : O'Neylle, Ja. Desmond.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 13. 346. DERMOD, BISHOP of CORK, and OWEN HOGAN, VICAR
Vol. e is, p. 2. APOSTOLIC, to VISCOUNT BARRY.
" We have received an excommunication from the Pope
against all those that doth not join in this Catholic action.
The same was first published in Ulster and in the North, and
upon receipt thereof by us we have accordingly published the
same. This much we thought good to certify unto you before-
hand, and do wish you therefore to consider of the same like
a good Christian, Catholic, and obedient child of the Church,
as hitherto you were ; otherwise it will redound both to your
ELIZABETH. 363
1600.
soul's destruction and your country's ruin, of which we would
be sorry."
13 February 1599, from the Catholic camp, in haste.
" Consider not the secretary's his imperfection."
Signed: Der. Cor. Episcopus, Eugenius Hoganius, Vicar.
Apostolicus.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 13. 347. TYRONE and DESMOND to CORMOCK MCDERMOD.
Vol. 615, p. 2a. Similar to the letter to Lord Barry.
Arlo, 13 February 1599. Signed.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 21. 348. TYRONE and DESMOND to the LORD ROCHE.
Vol. 615, p. 2a. " Be it known unto you that the Lord Bishop, the clergy,
the Earl of Desmond, and we are come near you hither, and
that we are all of one resolution and mind, to entreat you to
take our part in the behalf of God, and for our conscience
and country's sake, and to appear presently before us to yield
sufficient security (as you ought) henceforward to be at our
counsel and direction. And we will likewise secure you to
spend with you henceforward as becometh. And if you do not
so, then, in respect we intend to erect the Catholic religion
and further the general good of the realm of Ireland, with
God's help, we and all our partakers will labour against you
if you adhere not unto us.
" At Glananmeyre this certain day. And to pei'form our
wills from Muskericurcke, this 21st of February 1600."
Signed : O'Neyle ; Ja. Desmond.
Addressed : Deliver me to my Lord Roche with honour.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 23. 349. TYRONE and DESMOND to EDMOND and THOMAS FITZ-
Voi. BIS, p. 4. JOHN.
" Commendations from O'Neylle unto John FitzEdmond and
his sons. O'Neylle desireth you to come unto himself, and to
fight for your conscience and the right. And if you do not
so, be well assured by the will of God that O'Neylle and all
that taketh his part will come and sojourn with you for a
time."
From the Abbey of Ballynegalle, 23 February 1600.
Signed : Ja. Desmond ; O'Neylle.
Addressed : To Edmond FitzJohn and Thomas FitzJohn.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed.
Feb. 26. 35O. The COMMISSIONERS and COUNCIL of MUNSTER to the
VOL 6i5, p. i. LORDS JUSTICES (LOFTUS and CAREY).
We despatched some letters by sea in January, which had
not come to your "hands the 9th inst. They were driven
364 CAREW MSS.
1600.
into Waterford. Since then there have arrived money and
victuals, without which our garrisons would have been in
exceeding distress. There arrived 5,000. with command to re-
serve 2,000/. till the arrival of the President (Carew). We could
not do so, because 4,000^. was owing, and we have two garri-
sons that cannot be victualled but by money, Killmallock
and Malloe. All our soldiers are naked, not having received
one rag of clothes for this winter, and some not for summer.
Tyrone lias been in this province 12 or 13 days. He lay
three or four days in the Lord Roche's country, who, it seems,
has agreed with him, for he (Tyrone) did little or no hurt to
him, except to two or three gentlemen of that country, .Roche's
enemies. The Lord Roche sent presents of wine and aqua-
vitae to the traitors, and had James FitzThomas (the pretended
Earl of Desmond) in the house with him.
Cormock McDermody, Lord of Muskerry, came into this
town and stayed here, but his brother and all his country
repaired to the traitors, and have given them pledges. And,
what is most suspicious, his brother's pledge, which was
delivered to Cormock's keeping, and was in his house of the
Blarnye, was delivered out and given to the traitors ; for which
we think good to make stay of Cormock. His rival, young
Charles, is likewise here with us, and expects to be employed
in that country. He has likewise stayed in this town with
his wife, and has delivered us a notable traitor, with protes-
tation of great loyalty. "If he will, he may be a better
instrument than the other, and so consequently a worse."
After the traitors had agreed with Muskerry, they suddenly
and unlocked for returned upon my Lord Barry and Mr. John
FitzEdmonds, and have utterly spoiled them. They have
entered the islands all, and not left a house unburnt, saving
such as were under defence of a castle, to which we had sent
100 soldiers. My Lord thought he could have defended his
great island by that means, but they found another entrance.
Upon the first coming of the traitors he came hither, and left
both his sons in this town. Every man of account within
this province at least in the counties of Cork, Limerick, and
Kerry is " either joined with them or patcheth with them,"
except these two, who deserve to be cherished.
Some say the traitor will return home, some say to Kerry,
and some to the west, to O'Driskoll's country, which is not
likely. We send you copies of the traitor's letters to the
several lords of the province, and of one to me, Sir Warham
Sentleger ;* " for I sent a man thither to bring me a true
report of his forces, and what men were with him ; by whom
he returned me that letter."
" We must still be suitors for direction to the paymaster for
those extraordinaries that we have been enforced to disburse
* See 13, 21, 23, and 28 February.
ELIZABETH. 365
1600.
for the transporting of the soldiers and other important occa-
sions ; without which we must make bold to help ourselves."
Cork, 26 February 1599.
Signed : War. St. Leger ; H. Power ; William [Lyon,
Bishop of] Cork and Rosse ; G. Thornton.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Feb. 28. 351. TYRONE to SIR WARHAM SENTLEGER.
Vol. 615, p. 3. Upon the coming hither of this bearer, Henry Geye, I
thought good to let you understand that inasmuch as upon
sundry meetings with you and others, touching conclusion
of peace, I could not answer for the Earl of Desmond and
others of Munster, I have taken the pains to visit them to
know their resolution, " the which I will reserve to be used
according as occasion shall be offered."
This last of February 1600.
Signed: O'Neill.
I pray you commend me to your bedfellow.
Copy. P. 1.
Feb. 352. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW, President of
Vol. 6 1 5, p. 498. Munster.
The commissaries of musters are to be increased to 20 in
number, who are to have allowance only of 3*. 4>d. per diem.
Direction is given to the Lord Deputy for their employment.
Besides Jones, who is there already, Hugh Cufle, Joshua
Ayhner, and Philip Norcotte are appointed for that province.
Richmond, February 1599.
Signed : Jo. Cant. ; Tho. Egerton, C.S. ; T. Buchurst ; Not-
ingham ; G. Hunsdon ; Ro. North ; W. Knollys ; Ro. Cecyll ;
J. Fortescu.
P. 1. Endorsed: Received 25 April 1600.
Vol. 604, P . 224. 2. Copy.
V oi. 620, pt. 2, p. 17. 3. Another copy.
[Feb.] 353. " ORDINANCES to be OBSERVED during the WARS in
Vol. 632, p. 208a. IRELAND, 1600."*
(1.) No merchant or other person to sell powder, armour,
or munition, but all furniture of war to come out of the
Queen's store only.
(2.) No protection to be granted, but rather a pardon.
(3.) The horsemen to be better disciplined and armed.
(4.) A third of the horse to be "shot" on horseback. "The
mean horses will be as serviceable as the greatest that way."
" By the Lord Deputy (Blunt, Lord Montjoy) " is added by Carew.
366 CAREW MSS.
1600.
(5.) No gentleman or freeholder of Ireland to be enter-
tained in any band of horse, because, being appointed to
garrisons, they go to their own houses, and cannot be speedily
assembled.
(6.) "That the lendings be duly paid according to the
ordinance and allowance of powder given to the soldier,
because the raw soldier cannot else be trained, and the old
soldier will unwillingly spend his powder, though in time of
most need."
(7.) No Irishman to serve in any company, except those of
the Pale, because of the general revoli.
(8.) No nobleman of Ireland to have charge of horse or
foot in the Queen's pay, because they seldom do service, but
oppress and impoverish their neighbours, better subjects
commonly than themselves. Yet may her Majesty reward
them with yearly pensions.
(9.) That all who have castles on the borders be compelled
to dwell upon them, because the letting of them to husbandmen
and farmers, who maintain neither horse nor foot, gives free
passage to the enemy.
(10.) " That there be not above 12 muskets in a company,
because the soldier, being weak and ill fed, will not be able
to carry them in his long and continual marches."
(11.) "That every soldier be enforced to wear a murrion,
because the enemy is encouraged by the advantage of arms to
come to the sword, where commonly he prevaileth."
(12.) That four guest houses or hospitals be erected for
sick and hurt soldiers, who, being recovered, will be better
than three times so many newly levied; and besides that
course will prevent the immeasurable consumption of subjects,
which otherwise will be so great as all England will hardly
be able to supply.
(13.) A general prosecution to begin in March, and strong
garrisons to be placed near the enemy, which " will eat out
the rebel within 12 months if the captains be men of worth
and diligent."
" I humbly present to your Majesty's consideration these
few ordinances, to be kept during the wars of Ireland. They
proceed from my own observation."
Copy. Pp. 3.
March 5. 354. The COUNCIL in MUNSTER to the LORDS JUSTICES (LoF-
VoL eis, p. 10. TUS and CAREW).
Tyrone removed on Tuesday last out of the Lord Barry's
country, and encamped with all his forces near the Blarney.
On Saturday next after he sent out 1 00 horse and 200 foot
to burn the country of Kierichurihie. Sir Warham St. Leger
and Sir Henry Powre, with some horsemen, " did reese forth,"
to meet any stragglers. They descried a cornet of horse, and,
" knowing the same to be MacGowire," charged upon them.
ELIZABETH. 367
1600.
Sir Warham encountered Magowire and shot two bullets into
hi* breast ; " he with his staff strake Sir Warham into the
brain." They both died of their wounds. Twenty of the
rebels' horsemen were slain, and many hurt and unhorsed.
None of ours was hurt or unhorsed saving Sir Warham.
Tyrone is' now near Kinsale, and threatened to win the
town, but the garrison there is 250 foot, besides the towns-
men. Florence McCarty has been with him these six days ;
has " waived the benefit of her Majesty's patent for Desmond,
surrendered his right thereinto Tyrone, took the same back by
Irish tenure, sware to deliver his eldest son unto him as pledge,
and to join with him in this rebellion to the end."
Cormock McDermody, Lord of Mouskry, is here, but all
his country are revolted, and his brother and the rest gave
pledges to Tyrone to hold of his side. Young Charles is here,
and all his tenants are spoiled.
It is expected that all the rest of the McCarties of Mun-
ster and their followers are to deliver pledges to Florence, as
McCarty More, chief of the Irishry, and his pledge as chief to
remain for them with Tyrone. All the McCarties' lands are
preserved from spoil saving young Charles's and his brothers' ;
but the rest of the subjects' countries are destroyed.
Last night the winter clothes arrived.
Cork, 5 March 1599.
Signed: W. Saxey, G. Thornton.
P.S. May it please your Honours to bestow upon me the
place and allowance that Sir Warham had until the Lord
President come. G. Thornton.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
March 5. 355. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW, Lord Pre-
Vol. 604, p. 7. sident of Munster.
This bearer, Mr. Cambell, Dean of Limerick, came hither
with recommendation from that State, to represent to her Ma-
jesty the misery to which he is reduced by the rebellion in
Munster. Her Majesty has given order for an allowance to
be made him by the Lord Deputy, such as others of his
profession have, until he be restored to his living. She also
commands me to recommend him to you.
From the Court at Richmond, 5 March 1599. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
March 7. 356. *' EXTRACT of a LETTER out of MONSTER."
Vol. 604, p. 228. These fourteen days my Lord of Ormond hath been draw-
ing forces to the borders of Cashell and Clonmell, and on
Monday last, the 3rd of March, his Lordship came in person
to Cashell, accompanied upon the towns of that frontier with
3,000 English foot and 300 horse foot of all sorts, 5,000,
and 300 horse.
368 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
" The traitor Tyrone removing himself from the borders of
this town to the westwards of Cork, there was presently
sent out of this garrison 150 shot and 50 armed pikes com-
plete by poll, of 300 resident here. So your Ho[nours] may
note that assistance goes to him from all parts where the
passage is clear either by day or by night.
''This traitor with his confederates must pass back the
same way he came, by reason of two rivers the one the
Shannon by Kyllalow upon the said river, and the other
Gouldinge bridge upon the river of Shoewer; which two
places are distant 1 6 miles. To the north-westwards is the
strong country of Kilguige. Joining to that is McBrinarie's
country and McBrinagownagh's country. Joining to Gould-
inge is O'Dyre's country.
" All these countries are sunken with bogs and woods,
[and] the passages are very strait passes and fords up to [the]
saddle skirls in sundry places within a mile, which is very
h[ard] and difficult for an army to pass. I do hear surely
that my Lord of Ormond hath plished and trenched all those
passages, and strengthened them with men ; upon which
advantage he purposeth to fight with these rebels. If he do,
by the assistance of God (who putteth them into his hands),
he shall make them repent that ever they came into these
parts.
" The traitors are in number 7,000 foot and 500 horse, good
and bad. They are greatly dismayed by some sickness amongst
them, the death of Macgwyre, and a bruit amongst them
that O'Donnell is slain in Connaught. So they curse Tyrone
that ever they came out of their country.
" This present day, being the 7th of this month, the traitor's
army passed the river of Youghall, called Blackewater, at the
fords of Formoy and Hildes (?) Castle into Cundons' country,
and so into Edmund McGibbonye's country, called the White
Knight ; which way leads to Typerarie and the Holy Crosse,
where my Lord of Ormond now lieth. If they make no
stay, within these four days there is no doubt these two
armies will meet, to the advancement of God's glory and her
Majesty's honour ; for the time and place of their retreat
offers no other but their overthrows ; doubting nothing but
the commanders of this province will draw a head of all the
forces out of the garrisons (which will be, with their assured
assistances, 2,000 foot and 200 horse,) to follow them upon
the rear.
"This incursion of the Northern traitors hath done the Queen
more service than hurt. The reason is, that they have wasted
and spoiled such as her Majesty's forces could not do with
honour, for that they were not in open action ; yet did the
enemy daily command their goods and cattle for victualling.
" If it shall please your Ho[nours] to give instructions to
the Deputy and commanders here, as the traitors have wasted
here by fire and sword all such as were under her Majesty's
ELIZABETH.
1600.
obedience, so likewise that without favour or respect the like
waste be made by her Majesty's forces upon all traitors and
temporising subjects, and all the goods of such subjects as
cannot defend themselves under the strength of towns and
castles ; and wheresover an enemy shall be taken to eat meat
by violence upon a subject, that subject shall presently
remove or be wasted by the forces ; this being truly exe-
cuted, a famine must needs ensue, as is well known by former
examples. Then the rebellious rout must of force starve in
a short time, and her Majesty's forces strengthened in their
several garrisons by victual out of England. So those gar-
risons [will] consume the whole kingdom in a very short time,
except such as are under their protections and sure defence ;
taking none of them to mercy or protection, for the more
they are in number, the sooner they will starve.
"To make this war short is not only to raise great forces,
but to force famine by all means possible, which is easy to be
done os aforesaid. And when they begin to quail in all
parts, then may the garrisons be brought to a head, to make
incursions into the North by land and sea in time of harvest ;
and the more the enemy is forced to keep together in great
numbers, they shall be the cause of their own ruins and waste.
When the plough and breeding of cattle shall cease, then will
the rebellion end."
Copy. Pp. 3. Endorsed: 1599, March 7. Extract of a
letter out of Munster.
March 7. 357. By the LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL.
Vol. GOO, p. 27. A Proclamation to be published in the Province of
Munster."
Whereas the Queen has of late been greatly importuned
on behalf of towns corporate, baronies, and divers persons,
demanding sundry sums of money for beoves, diet of soldiers,
and money delivered for her service, she has appointed Com-
missioners (to her no small charge) to repair into this realm,
to be joined with some of the Privy Council here for three
months, from the 1st of April next. They are to examine
what sums are due as aforesaid from the first day of Sir
William Russell's government, whether any bills and tickets
for debts of that nature now demanded, or any already delivered
to the late Treasurer (Wallop) or his men, have been satisfied,
and whether any have been bought, by whom, and for what
sums. By letters from the Lords of the Council dated
21st February her Majesty requires us to give the country
warning.
We therefore charge all subjects within that province
(Munster) that have any money due to them, to bring their
tickets and bills before the Commissioners. You, the Lord
3 1
A A
370 CAREW MSS.
1600.
President of Munster (Carew), are to cause this proclamation
to be published.
Dublin, 7 March 1599.
Signed at the top : Mountjoy ; at the end : Ad. Dublin.,
Tho. Midensis, Robt. Gardener, G. Bourchier, Anthony Sent
leger, Henry Harrington, Geff. Fen ton.
" God save the Queen."
Copy. Pp. 2.
March 9. 358. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS for MUNSTER.
Vol. 604, p. 230. For the good service performed upon McGuyre and divers
of his followers her Majesty commands us to give you her
thanks ; " it being a great contentment to us to see this
change from receiving news of losses and disasters on her
Majesty's side, that one of the first traitors hath received that
end, which we doubt not shall befall the rest of those mon-
strous rebels. Of the Earl of Ormond we have heard little,
but that he attends about Cashell to meet the traitor, whereof
we daily hope to hear good news."
" Her Majesty, having been moved of you, Sir Henry Power
(of whom she is now to dispose upon the arrival of her
President), . . . hath written to the Lord Deputy to reserve
that command for you which Sir Warham St. Leger had in
Leix, with the fee belonging to it."
" It seemeth very strange unto us, considering the complaint
we hear that the victuals is spent, how the 5,000. should be
also issued, considering the moneys defaulkable for victual
and checks." Let us know what victuals may be provided
there, " seeing so many losses and dangers depend upon trans-
portations ;" also what munition you have.
Richmond, 9 March 1599. Signed.
Copy. P. 1.
March 9. 359. The PBIVY COUNCIL to SIB GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 615, p. 133. William Parcell, of Waterford, complains that William
Wallinge, Paul Sherlocke, and others have by force dispos-
sessed him of certain lands, and refused to appear before com-
missioners appointed by the Lord Chancellor there. Summon
them before you, and see justice done.
Richmond, 9 March 1599.
Signed: Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, C. S., T. Buchuret,
G. Hunsdon, Ro. North, W. Knollys, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescu.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, P t. 2, p. 17. 2. Copy.
ELIZABETH. 371
1600.
March 10. 360. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY and the COUNCIL to SIR
Vol. eis, p. s. GEORGE CAREW.
As you are appointed to repair to Munster, to take charge
of the government there, we require you to make search for
such utensils as belong to that place, and to receive them by
indenture from those who now keep possession thereof.
Dublin, 10 March 1599.
Signed : Mountioye, Ad. Dublin., C., Tho. Midensis, Ro.
Gardner, Anth. Sentleger, G. Bowrchier, Geff. Fenton, Henry
Haringtone.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. i. 2. Copy.
March 16. 361. The QUEEN to the LORD DEPUTY (MOUNTJOY).
Vol. 604, p. 226. " \\r e do well allow of your beginnings, and see so much
of your care as we can be content (seeing the circumstances
are changed since your arrival) to change our counsels and
directions in some things. We do see you feelingly behold
our great dishonour toward, if this traitor pass home to his
den unfought with ; and we do also see how resolute you are
to give all furtherance to the plantation of Loughfoyle."
" The question therefore principally is, whether, by forbear-
ing the present planting of Balyshanon (which may hereafter
be effected), the services to be done upon Tyrone in his retreat
may be performed." We leave this to your discretion. " And
for the sending away all munitions presently to Knockfergus,
as you write, and taking 500 old soldiers from thence (to
proceed on to Loughfoyle), we do very well allow it."
We are glad you are pleased with the assistance of our
President of Munster (Carew). " We did ever hold him fit
for our service, and found he loved you ; and do interpret
your good usage and estimation of him as a confirmation of
that honest and good disposition which we ever noted in
you."
Richmond, 16 March 1599.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed.
March 24. 362. LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 6. Requiring him to give order for making a new mace for
the sergeant-at-arnis in Munster at her Majesty's charge.
Dublin, 24 March 1599.
P.S. The sergeant to be bound by sureties that the mace
be always forthcoming.
Signed as above, with the addition of " R. Wingfelde,
F. Stafforde."
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, P . i. 2. Copy.
A A 2
372
CAREW MSS.
1600.
March 2G. 363. PETITION of ANDREW BARRETT to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 615, p. 143. In right of his wife Katharine Barrett he is lawful inheri-
tor of the castle of Ballincolly and a small cantred of land,
called Barretts' country in Munster ; yet, " by sinister practices
and supportation of many backfriends," one Edmond Barret-,
deceased, and his son William Barret, now a notorious traitor,
were long maintained in suit against him for the premises
without any colour of title, and he was forcibly dispossessed
by them and one Robert Coppinger, who took the same in
mortgage of them for two years, before this last rebellion.
At the beginning of it William Barret burned the castle
and 60 houses, and corn to the value of 200?., murdered
certain soldiers, and entered into rebellion. He has since
spoiled your suppliant and his tenants of all their goods and
cattle. On the withdrawal of the garrison placed in the castle
your suppliant re-entered it, and has repaired, warded, and
defended it these 1 2 months to his great charge. He therefore
prays
(1.) For that William Barret is strengthened by usurping
a name of chieftainry or captainry, contrary to the statute,
that your Lordships will grant your suppliant such name and
authority as his wife's father and grandfather had.
(2.) That he may have her Majesty's pay for 16 footmen.
(3.) That you will recommend him to the Lord President.
P. 1. Endorsed.
March 28. 364. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the COMMISSIONERS for MUNSTER.
Vol. 604, p. 238. " Although we find it strange . . . that the sum of 5,000.
was issued with that speed and for by-reckonings, when it
was only apportioned to pay the lendings of the army, yet
have we sent over again 9,000 to serve (by estimation) for
three months." If it arrive before the Lord President, you
are to issue it only for lendings ; and no part is to be paid for
any lendings claimed before the Earl of Essex's arrival in
March last. As Mr. Treasurer (Carey) has received so great
sums in full pay of the lendings ever since, we wonder to hear
that Munster was so far behindhand.
We think it strange " that the Queen hath so poor checks
raised in that province, where you certify that it is so hard
to draw any strong head of an army. Surely, if the Queen
Lave had 3,000 foot and 350 horse in Munster, as well as she
hath paid so many, . . . the rebels should not have been all
this while so absolute commanders, even before Tyrone came
into that province."
We have given order for victual to be sent, half to Cork
and half to Limerick, for 300 (sic) foot and 250 horse for three
months.
Richmond, 28 March 1600. Signed.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed.
ELIZABETH. 373
1600.
March 28. 365. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW, President of
Vol. 615, p. 139. Munster.
We have returned to you the commissary for victuals.
Neither Munster nor the North are to be provided from Dublin
but directly from hence. To this the Deputy agreed before
his departure. We have directed victuals to be sent to Cork
and Limerick, to serve 3,000 foot and 250 horse for three
months, and will send munition. We have sent 9,0001. for
the army's lendings. The paymaster is to pay no old debts,
but employ that sum for the lendings due since the Earl of
Essex was made Lieutenant. We have moved the Deputy to
allow you 1,0001. for all extraordinaries for one year.
Above all things you must take care that her Majestj' be
not abused by false musters, for which we have sent you
divers commissaries.
Instructions respecting the commissaries of victuals, and
the " extraordinaries."
Richmond, 28 March 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 604, P . 236. 2. Copy.
Vol. 620, pt 2, p. 19. 3. Another copy.
March 28. 366. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. HI. \\r e sen d you a petition of Andrew Barrett,* alleging that
he is in possession as right heir of a castle called Ballincolly,
and a country called the Barretts' country, wherein he is
disturbed by William Barrett, a notorious traitor, who usurps
the name of chieftain of that cantred. He desires to be
appointed captain of that country, as his wife's father and
grandfather were. We refer him to you.
Richmond, 28 March 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, P t. 2, p. 19. 2. Copy.
367. BARRETS' COUNTRY, co. CORK.
Vol. 635, p. I46a. Explanation of the claims of Catharine Barret, daughter
to James Keoghe Barrett, and William FitzEdward Barret
(" now living in anno 1600 ") to Barrets' lands in co. Cork.
It is stated that the late Earl of Desmond established the
said James and subsequently his brother John as lords of
that country.
The statements of the said William are "denied by An-
drew Barret, his adversary."
II. Pedigree of the Barrets.
Pp. 2. In Carew's hand.
* Sec 26 March.
3 1 *
374 CAREW MSS.
1600.
March 31. 368. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 145. This gentleman, Charles Cartie, has been commended hither
of late. Her Majesty has let him taste of her liberality.
Afford him all lawful favour and countenance in his con-
troversy with Cormocke McDennot, which you are to de-
termine.
Richmond, the last of March 1600. Signed and sealed.
P. 1. Addressed.
VoL62o, P t2,p.2o. 2. Copy.
March 31. 369. THOMAS DENHAM to SECRETARY CECIL.
Vol. 615, p. 173. Sir Warham St. Leger's lady he that was slain in a late
conflict with McGwire is now preparing herself for the Court,
to be a suitor " for her husband's entertainment for his service
in Munster, his two charges at Loughfoile, and the new fort
in Lease, and for his several companies allowed him in his life-
time." The suit [is] most reasonable, " especially being the
price of a gentleman's blood shed in the service of his
sovereign." But " it is to be doubted lest, yielding to reward
his service to her, you reward treachery in her who was
greatly suspected thereof when in his lifetime." This lady,
being in Cork in the time of her husband's government, wrote
to an archtraitor, James of Desmond, without the governor's
knowledge, addressing him thus, " Right honorable, her
loving cousin, and Earl of Desmond." I am a stranger to her,
never wronged privately, whereby I might incur any suspicion
of revenge or malice ; but no stranger to my country, the
weal whereof was my welfare, and the destruction my ruin.
Cork, the last of March 1600.
Copy. Pp. 2. Endorsed.
March. 370. LOUGH FOYLE.
VoL 632, p. 189. Instructions by the Lord Deputy and Council to Sir
Henry Dockwraye, appointed chief commander and
governor of the forces assigned for Loughfoile and the
parts mentioned in her Majesty's letters patent, dated
March 1599, 42 Eliz.
" Considering the principal foundation of all good govern-
ment resteth in the due service of Almighty God, . . . you
shall before all other things provide that your preacher ap-
pointed to you for that purpose may be diligent in his charge
to instruct and teach all those that are under your rule in the
true understanding of God's holy word, and to beat down
amongst them all vice, as swearing, adultery, fornication, un-
lawful playing at dice and cards, with all other impieties and
blasphemies."
Justice to be distributed sincerely and uprightly among
those under your charge, as well TSnglish as Irish.
ELIZABETH. 375
1600.
Be careful to have all the companies complete in men, arms,
and furnitures, and see that frequent and exact musters be
taken by the commissary, in order that the fraud heretofore
used may be reformed.
You are to build an hospital for sick and hurt soldiers, for
which her Majesty has sent provisions and necessaries out of
England.
As by your letters patent you have authority to prosecute
with fire and sword all rebels and malefactors within the
limit of your commission, which will require great foresight
and counsel, you are, upon any great occasion, to call so many
of the best experienced captains and officers as you think
meet to confer with you, as a council of war.
You are to give directions to certain ships called " cromp-
sters," which with other barks and barges have been assigned
for that service.
John Travers has been appointed commissary for the
victuals. Touching the rates at which they are to be issued,
and the issuing of victuals to such of the Irish as you may
have to engage, he brings the copy of an act of Council
made here.
The powder, munitions, and arms to be laid up in stowage
under the charge of such ministers as the Master of the
Ordnance has appointed, and to be issued for training the
companies, or for their actual employment against the enemy.
Defalcations to be made according to the rates set down by
the Master of the Ordnance. No powder or munition to be
" embezzled or underhand sold, whereby it may come to the
use of the traitor."
As it is intended to plant a garrison at Ballishannan,
Asheroe, or Donegal, of which I, the Lord Deputy, have ap-
pointed Sir Matthew Morgan commander, frequent intelli-
gence is to pasH between you and him.
Some of the Irish within your jurisdiction " may make
means to you to. be received in, both upon pretence to do
service and upon conditions." Before taking them in, inquire
into their qualities and means to do service, and take good
pledges of them. Draw in as many as you can ; " in which
course you are to use faithful instruments, and, if need be, to
send them amongst the Irish to labour and work them, if of
themselves they shall not make offer." Make the conditions
as honorable to her Majesty as you can.
For that some of the Scottish galleys trading with those
parts bring victuals and other necessaries to the rebels, give
order to your " crompstres," barks, and barges to do their
best to stop those Scottish galleys and boats, making booty
of them, if you find them trading with or bringing relief to
the rebels ; but favour and countenance those that Jrade with
the subject. You are to do nothing to the breach of the
league between her Majesty and the King of Scotland ; and
376 CAREVV MSS.
1600.
you may tveat with and protect such of that nation as you
think good.
As Sir Matthew Morgan has jurisdiction over Fermanaughe
or Magwire's country, and there may be occasion for you to
deal therein, signify to him your proceedings in that country.
Castle of Dublin, March 1599.
Copy. Pp. 10.
March. 371. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREWE.
Vol. 604, p. 9. I recommend to you this young gentleman, Mr. Stafford,
who has chosen that province (Muuster) " for the affection he
hath to be commanded by you." His friends, " being both of
place and quality," will requite any favour shown to him.
" Your affectionate friend and ally, Ro. Cecyll."
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed.
Endorsed : Received in March 1600.
April 1. 372. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 113. Although I am not willing to intermeddle in disposing of
the garrisons of your province, I entreat that the Lord
Audleye's company may remain at Yoghall, as he desires " in
regard of that commodity it affordeth of hearing out of England
from those parts where he hath most to do."
Dublin, 1st April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 2. 2. Copy.
April 5. 373. SIR JOHN STANHOPE to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 213. This gentleman, Mr. Charles Carty, in regard of former
service having tasted of her Majesty's bounty, and being
recommended to you by the Lords of the Council, I add my
best testimony of him, though he is better known to yourself
than to me.
From the Court at Richmond, 5 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
April 7. 374. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 149. We have been importuned by divers corporations for
licences to transport powder and munition for the defence of
their towns ; but we are informed that the enemy is ordinarily
furnished with powder and other habiliments of war from the
townsmen. Therefore, having of late given licence to the
agent of the town of Limerick to transport a certain quantity
of powder and munition to that town, we advertise you
thereof. They are to make due account to you of the issue
ELIZABETH. 3/7
1600. '
of the same, and bonds have been taken of their agents (sic)
to that effect.
Kichmond, 7 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol.620, pt. 2, p. 21. 2. Copy.
April 7. 375. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. ei 5, p. in. As the treasure coming over for the soldiers' lendingsis to
be employed to no other use, make stay of all back reckon-
ings of anything due before the 1st of March last, when I
entered into my authority, until I receive further supply from
England.
Dublin, 7 April 1600. Signed.
P.S. I am commanded by the Privy Council to require
you to look to the abuses of musters, and that the commis-
saries discharge their duties.
P. 1. Sealed and addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, P . 2. 2. Copy.
April 7. 376. The SAME to the SAME.
Vol. eis, p. no. I have given warrant to the Master of the Ordnance to
appoint a clerk at Cork to take charge of the munition and
artillery there in the hands of Michael Hewes. Appoint two or
three sufficient men to make an inventory thereof.
Dublin, 7 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 3. 2. Copy.
April 7. 377. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 108. I have granted an increase of 50 to Sir Gerard Harvy,
for the raising of his company to 200, out of such companies
as hereafter shall fall void in that your province."
Dublin, 7 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 3. 2. Copy.
April 8. 378. The SAME to the SAME.
Vol. 615, p. 106. I have granted a company of 100 foot to Captain George
Kingsmell in your province.
Dublin, 8 April 1600. Signed and sealed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoL624,p. 3. 2. Copy.
378 CAREW MSS.
1600.
April 11. 379. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
VoL eis, p. 100. The enclosed petition was lately presented to us by the
Lord Baron of Kahir. Hold such a course for his satisfaction
as you think meet
Dublin, 11 April 1600.
Signed: Mountioye, Ro. Gardener, Robt. Napper, Anth.
Sentleger, Geff. Fenton.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoL 624, p. 5. 2. Copy.
April 11. 380. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. eis, p. 102. This gentleman desires to take advantage of the White
Knight's absence to repair his castle. Give order to the next
garrison to assist him.
Dublin, 11 April 1600. Signed.
P.S. He craveth also an allowance ot some few men in
his castle in ward, with a strange condition, that in lieu of
such warders as shall be allowed him in pay, he will of his
own charges maintain elsewhere in the province as many more
to serve her Majesty. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed : In the behalf of Ed. Fita
Harrys, &c.
April 11. 381. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 615, p. 104. Sir Anthony Cooke desires me to write to you by him. I
will despatch your captains from hence. " We still hear
news of some good beginnings, amongst the which Con Mack
Coil's head hath brought some with it to Divelinge." Florence
Mack Cartye desires to come to me, but I have referred him to
you. Sir Anthony Cooke desires leave to come into these
parts, but I should be sorry to deprive you of bis services and
of his company and conversation, " being as you are a courtier
of the better sorb."
11 April 1600.
Holograph. P. I. Sealed and addressed. Endorsed.
VoL 624, p. 4. 2. Copy.
April 12. 382. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. os. I w yi send Sir George Bowser to comfort my Lady
(Ormond), of whose misfortune I am grieved to hear. I hope
he will be at Kilkenny by M.onday night. 1 think you should
stay at Kilkenny and have special care of my Lady and her
daughter, who may be otherwise in some danger. Sir Chris-
topher St Lawrence shall come down with his company of
horse and foot. If you can spare him a company of 100 for a
time, that country may be assured, and myself not diverted
ELIZABETH. 379
1600.
from my purposes. The chiefest assistance in the course to be
taken in those parts must proceed from you " that was present
to the accident" God be thanked for your happy escape. I
hope we may repair this loss.
12 April 1600.
Hoi. P. 1. Sealed and addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 5. . 2. Copy.
April fl4 ?] 383. LORD DEPUTY MOUNT JOT to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 96. " I have now despatched Sir George Bowser, with whose
directions you shall be fully acquainted from himself, unto
the which if you think anything fit to be added or altered, I
pray let me hear. ... I do conceive of this accident that it is
a more specious than a material evil. I am sorry for my Lord's*
sake, and it will a little blow up the spirits of these rogues
that were before somewhat falling, and in England the news
will much amuse them. But I know no reason why the for-
tune of our wars should stagger upon his well or evil doing ;
for if my Lord continue, as I hope he will, we are able to
defend his country ; if not, I assure myself we may quickly
waste it, and make an end of their might, if not of their
malice. For after the garrisons are planted at the back of
Tyrone, I shall be at leisure to meet you at any time with a
force sufficient to do that or a more difficult service. And if
this keep some out that otherwise would have come in, it may
as well do good as harm, . . . for they will never be sure till
they know not how to subsist without us."
In England this will make them more careful of us. We
deserve no imputation, since this parley was contrived without
your privity. I wrote of the Earl's surprise and taking to
Mr. Secretary (Cecil) in England.
Garrat Mack Murtaugh has his protection, and shall have his
pardon. I do not much believe in Donell Spania, but he has
sworn to be here on Friday next, to submit without conditions
and receive pardon ; and afterwards be desires but to have the
justice of a subject. T have sent you a long letter from
Florence McKarty. I directed the messenger to apply to you.
It were not amiss somewhat to bear with his fault. If there
be occasion to look after Tipperary and Kilkenny, spare
some few of your troops till I have victualled the forts.
I will draw into the North as soon as I can. When your
Lordship has set Sir George Boucer in some good way for
the affairs there, I could wish you in Munster, though I desire
nothing more than to enjoy your company.
P.S. " The Commissioners are come over, and have desired
me to write to your Lordship to divulge their coming in your
* The Earl of Ormond.
380 CAKEW MSS.
1600.
parts, according to the proclamation I sent heretofore. If Sir
Harry Poore do account [i.e., accept] of the government of
Leyse, [I] would you would send him presently hither. If
Brian McDonnaugh come to me, I will make him know how
much I love him for the service he did you."
Holograph. Pp. 2. Sealed and addressed. Endorsed:
Keceived the 16th of April.
April 18. 384. SIR G. CAREW, Lord President of Munster, and the EARL
Vol. 620.* OF THOMOND to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
" Although I, the President, have by my letters advertised
in what sort the Earl of Ormond was taken (which I think
is by his Lordship sent unto you), yet we think it our duties
to make relation thereof unto your Lordships, and to make
known to your Honours how accidentally we were witnesses
of his misfortune. On Monday, the 7th of April, we departed
from Dublin, and upon Wednesday at night we came to Kil-
kenny, where we found the Earl of Ormond. In our company
we had 100 horse, dispersed in the country 10 or 12 miles
distant from us by the Earl's officers.
" As soon as we came unto him, he acquainted us that he
had i tjl 'pointed the next day to parley with Owney McRorye.
We told his Lordship that we would attend him, and I, the
President, desired his Lordship that my 100 horse might be
sent for, to go with us for his Lordship's better guard, which
he refused, thanking me for my offer, saying that he had no
need of them.
"The next day, being the 10th of this present, his Lord-
ship, not having in his company above the number of 17
horsemen of his followers armed, and not a little above the
like number of all sorts, whereof we were part, and the rest
lawyers, merchants, and others upon hackneys, with no other
weapons than our swords, rode out to the place of meeting,
eight long miles from Kilkenny, called LorranedafFe, upon the
borders of Ydoughe, leaving his own company of 200 footmen
short of the assigned place of parley above [ ] English
miles.
"The place where we met with the rebels was upon a
heathy ground, descending towards a narrow strait, having
on either side of us a low, shrubby, hedgey wood, within
three pike length, at the furthest, from the place where we
parleyed, and the like distance from the strait aforesaid ; the
choice of which ground we much misliked.
" Owney McRorye, when he came unto us, brought with
him a troop of choice pikes, leaving in a little plain beyond the
strait, within half a caliver shot of us, in our sight, all his
gross, being in all to the number of (as Redmond Keting, one
* At the beginning of the MS.
ELIZABETH. 381
1600.
of the rebels, did swear unto me, the President) 500 foot*
strong and 20 horse, the best furnished men for the war and
the best apparelled that we have seen in this kingdom.
" At our first meeting, and so during the parley (which was
appointed for some good causes best known to his Lordship),
they stood as close as they might, every one trailing his pike
and holding the cheek of the same in his left hand ready to
pass. The Earl himself was upon a little weak hackney,
unarmed (as all we were that were about him), standing with
the side of his hackney so near to the rebels as they touched
him.
" After an hour and move was idly spent, and nothing con-
cluded, we and others did pray his Lordship to depart ; but
he, desirous to see that infamous Jesuit Archer, did cause him
to be sent for. As -soon as he came, the Earl and he fell into
an argument, wherein he called Archer traitor, and reproved
him for seducing, under pretext of religion, her Majesty's
subjects into rebellion.
" In this mean time the gross of the rebels had left their
standing in the plain, and some crept into the shrubs afore-
said, and others so mingled themselves amongst us, that we
were environed, and stood as if we had been in a fair, whereof
divers did advertise his Lordship. And at last I, the Earl of
Thomond, willed Owney to put back his men ; and I, the
President, desired his Lordship to be gone, for that I did
not like their mingling with us. Wherewith as his Lordship
was turning his horse, at one instant, they seized upon him
and us too.
" His Lordship was in a moment drawn from his horse.
We had more hanging upon us than is credibly to be believed ;
but our horses were strong, and by that means did break
through them, tumbling down on all sides those that were
oefore and behind us ; and, thanks be to God, we escaped the
pass of their pikes, which they freely bestowed, and the
flinging of their skeynes, without any hurt, saving that I, the
Earl of Thomond, received with a pike a wound in my back.
" The Earl's horsemen, which were armed, were far from us,
for every one was dispersed and talking with particular rebels
about their bordering business ; so as we do protest unto
your Lordships in all we were not above 10 unarmed men near
unto him ; and as soon as the alarm was raised every man
of his followers ran away without looking once behind them.
*' After we had cleared ourselves within a butt length at the
most, we made halt, and called for the trumpet, and cried
unto the Bail's men for a charge, but none stood by us save
Captain Harvey, Captain Browne, Mr. Comeiford, a lawyer,
and three of our servants, which was all the company we had
there, and all of us without armour or other weapon than
* In the margin : " Whereof 300 were boaaghia."
382 CABEW MSS.
J600.
our swords ; so as, for want of more company, we were forced
by the enemy's shot to leave them the ground. . . .
" The place wherein we parleyed was of such advantage to
the enemy that 500 foot would not have cared for 500 horse ;
and therefore (his Lordship having no foot with him) it
was not possible to do the enemy any harm with horse.
" This treachery (for so [we] must term it, in respect of
his Lordship's confidence in the valour of his own men, and
also in his own opinion that the enemy durst not show him
this foul measure) was contrived by that villain Archer, and
none was made acquainted with it but Owney McRorye, two
Leinster men, and four bonnaghes; for if more had been
trusted, there is no doubt but that his Lordship should have
had knowledge of it.
" Owney McRorie laid his hands on me, the President, as
they report, and, next unto God, I must thank my Lord of
Thomond for my escape, who thrust his horse upon him.
And at ray back a rebel, newly protected at my suit, called
Brian McDonoghe Cavanaghe, being a-foot, did me good ser-
vice, and wounded one of the traitors that laid hands on the
Earl of Ormond. For the rest I must thank my horse, whose
strength bare all down about him.
" On our side there was but one man slain, not above five
hurt, whereof Pierce Butler, a kinsman of the Earl's, was one,
who behaved himself valiantly, and 14 taken prisoners. And
of the enemy one was slain and a few hurt. The prisoners
were taken by their own negligence, being a-foot grazing
their horses.
" The taking of this great Lord breeds unsettled humours
in these parts ; for all the gentlemen of the country, whereof
some of them were his true followers, for want of a defender,
are wavering. Others, which of their own dispositions were
naught[y], and contained themselves as subjects but for fear
of his power, are now at liberty, and we fear will shortly
declare themselves. To keep them from present uproars I,
the President, did immediately send for 600 foot of the Munster
companies which were at Waterfourd, and the 100 horse which
were in the country, to the town of Kilkenny, which hath
wrought good effect and stayed their unsettled humours.
" Besides, thereby it did assure the Lady of Ormond and
her daughter, who otherwise had been subject to many dangers.
So sorrowful a Lady in our lives we have not seen, and do
believe that if it had not pleased God that we at that time
had been there, she would hardly have undergone those griefs
which did oppress her. For besides the loss of her husband,
in being prisoner with those rogues, she beheld the apparent
ruin of herself and her daughter, with danger of both their
lives, the guard whereof she committed unto us, not being
assured of those that served her.
" For there are divers that pretend to be the Earl's heirs by
sundry titles. First, Sir Edmond Butler, his second brother ;
ELIZABETH. 383
1600.
which Sir Walter Butler, the Earl's nephew (whose blood is
not attainted), will not yield unto, because his uncle Sir Ed-
mond is not restored in blood. And the Viscount Montgarret,
for many reasons which he pretends, thinks he ought to be
Earl of Orinond.
" This controversy could not but breed great danger to the
Countess and her daughter, for that every of these would be
glad to possess themselves of the Earl's horses, and the doubt
who is to succeed him breeds distractions in the gentlemen of
the country that were followers to the Earl, every one ad-
dicting himself to the party he affects ; which would have
broken into dangerous rebellion, if the forces and we had not
been here to have kept them in awe. Besides, we did not
neglect to send for all the lords and gentlemen of the country
of the best quality ; with whom we have temporised so, as
we hope the dangers which were like to ensue will be for a
time well appeased.
" Also, understanding that Baltynaggett, a house of the Lord
of Mountgarrett's, in the which there is a ward for the Queen,
kept as a pledge for his loyalty, was attempted to be won by
the Viscount's sons, who are in rebellion, and, immediately
upon the Earl's taking, lay before it, in hope to starve the
soldiers (for their last day's victuals was spent), I, the Pre-
sident, upon my credit did take up in Kilkenny victuals, and
with a strong convoy of horse and foot have victualled it for
six weeks ; whereof the Lord Deputy is advertised, praying
him to be careful to supply it before that victual be spent.
" And because all things might be continued in good order,
we thought good to remain in Kilkenny until the Lord De-
puty should determine of some course, so to hold it for her
Majesty's benefit, the country's good, and the Countess and her
daughter's safety ; wherein we were enforced to make large
disbursements of our own small stores, for dieting in that
town of our horse and foot troops, whereof I, the Earl of
Thomond, defrayed the charges of my own company, and I,
the President, of all the rest during our abode there, which was
eight days.
" In this mean time, we understanding that Mountgarrett's
sons, which are in rebellion, did come to spoil the country
near to Kilkenny, we sent out some part of our troops, who
lighted upon some of their men ; and amongst them which
they slew there was one of the Butlers, a near kinsman to
Mountgarrett, and a leader slain, and the traitors driven to
their woods, being forced to leave their enterprise.
" The 16th of this present Sir George Bourchier and Sir
Christopher St. Lawrence, sent from the Lord Deputy, came to
Kilkenny ; Sir George for chief commander of her Majesty's
forces there, and to take charge of the Countess, her daughter,
and the Earl's horses ; and Sir Christopher to be directed by
him. The forces there left are 200 foot of the Earl's, other
200 of Sir Christopher's, 30 of my foot left in a ward in
38'l CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
Mountgarrett's .house called Ballinaggett, [and] 85 horse,
whereof 50 of the Earl's, 25 of St. Lawrence's, and 10 of Sir
George Bourchier's.
" Since the Earl's taking, we have kept the rebels from
doing any hurt in the country, neither as yet is there any in
rebellion in the same, but Mountgarrett's sons, whose force is
not such, but in our opinions (unless they call strangers to
assist them) her Majesty's forces there are much too strong for
them. The 17th we left Kilkenny. . . .
" This accident hath withheld me, the President, from my
peculiar charge longer than J purposed, but therein I hope
your Lordships will hold me excused. . . . Tomorrow we
proceed in our journey towards Corke, from whence, with the
rest of the Council there, we will advertise your Lordships in
what estate we find the province."
Waterford, 18 April 1600.
Signed : G. Carew, Thomond.*
Copy. Pp. 4.
April 21. 385. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 94. Requesting that Captain George Blunt and his company
may remain in the castle of Cahir.
Dublin, 21 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoL624,p. 6. 2. Copy.
April 24. 386. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 147. "We perceive by the Lord Deputy's writing and your own
opinion, how necessary it is to bridle the insolence of the town
of Limerick. We understand you would cause the castle of
Limerick to be surveyed and repaired, to make it lodgeable for
the President, and for a magazine of munition and victuals,
under colour whereof some guard might be put in it without
charge to the Queen. Her Majesty doth allow of this. It was
meant to be done in the time of Sir Thomas Norreys. Order
shall be given to pay such moneys as are necessary.
Greenwich, 24 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoU20,pt.2,p.2i. 2. Copy.
April 29. 367. The SAME to the SAME.
Vol. cis, p. 92. The Lord of Cahyr complains against you for delivering his
castle of Darenlare to the custody of Richard Power. I wish
* These signatures are both in Carew's hand, the document being a copy, as
specified above.
ELIZABETH. 385
1600.
you would give him some contentment, or acquaint me with
the ground of your proceeding.
Castle of Dublin, 29 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol.C24, P . 6. 2. Copy.
April 29. 388. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE
Vol. eis, p. 151. CAREW.
This bearer, Captain Manwaringe, being well known to
most of us here for the good service he has done, is now to
repair to your Lordship. As he is experienced in the service
of that province, and a dweller there also, we recommend him
to you to be employed.
Dublin, 29 April 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, P . s. 2. Copy.
April 30. 389. SIR G. CAREW, Lord President, and the COUNCIL of
Vol. 620, p. 1. MUNSTER to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
The 24th inst. I, the President, arrived here. I find that
the confusion and distemper of this province is greater than
ever. There are 7,000 provincial rebels and buonaghes, " able
weaponed men." We cannot hope for any assistance from
the lords of the countries, " who are only in personal shows
subjects, as the Lord Power, the Lord of Dunboyne, the Lord
Roche, the Lord of Caher, Cormock McDermot, chief of
Muskery, McCarty Reough, chief of Carbry, Gerald Fitz-
James, chief of the Deasyes, Patrick Condon, O'Calloughan,
and all others, except the Lord Barry, who of late hath clone
good service." Most of them have either brothers or near
kinsmen in actual rebellion.
" Florence McCarty (if he continue in his disloyal course
which he hath begun), whereof as yet we have no other hope,
by his friends, as both the O'Sulevans, McFynin, the Carties
of Desmond, O'Donevan, O'Crowlye, O'Mahun Carbry,
O'Mahun Fun, sundry of the septs of the Carties of Carbry,
the McSwynes, most of the Carties of Muskry, all the Carties
of Dowalla, O'Kief, McAulyne, and many of the O'Callaghans,
with his and their followers and kinsmen, ... is now the
strongest and of greatest force of any traitor in Munster."
1,500 of her Majesty's forces must be employed against him,
" which otherwise might have been disposed toward the pro-
secution of James Fitz Thomas."
" The priests have in their devilish doctrine so much pre-
vailed amongst the people, ... as for fear of excommunication
very few dare serve against the rebels ;" and even in the cities
and corporate towns the chief magistrates and mayors " refuse
to come to the church, which at no time heretofore hath been
3. 32 B B
386 CAREW MSS.
1600.
seen." It is to be feared that if the Spaniards make any
invasion, as many of the rebels expect, the cities and towns
are in danger to be lost by revolt.
" The late taking of the Earl of Ormond hath much dis-
tracted the hearts of sundry of those that were inclined to
subjection, and greatly animated the traitors." Piers Lacy,
who was upon his Lordship's protection, is now relapsed, and
become a more dangerous traitor than heretofore. Others
have done the same.
We send certificates of the money, munition, and victuals
remaining here. We pray for a speedy supply of munition
and victuals, one half to Cork and the other to Limerick.
The victuals to be only biscuit, butter, and cheese. This
country growing scant of victuals, it will be as expedient
to have the same as money. " Only the garrisons of Kill-
mallocke and Moyallo (where must be evermore 1,000 men
at least) must be victualled with money, for that this country
will afford no horses for carriage."
Captain Kinge, who should have brought over 500 foot,
delivered to Sir Henry Power but 335, whereof sundry are
unserviceable. He yielded no reckoning of the remain of
their arms and apparel, " pretending that for part thereof he
was by a composition to send some targets from Dublin."
That he made a gain thereby is manifest ; for he denied not
the sale of 31 muskets to the Lord Barry. Without acquaint-
ing Sir Henry with his instructions, he fled secretly to Water-
ford, where I, the President, meeting him, required him to
return with me to Cork, but he stole away and went to Dublin.
For example's sake, take some order with him.
The victuals for three months and the munition mentioned
in your letter of the 28th ult. have not yet arrived ; and
whereas you directed Captain John Woode to send 500 quarters
of oats, only 269 have arrived.
As the Earl of Thomond's company is now consigned to
Connaught, and may be relieved more conveniently from
Limerick than any place in Connaught, I, the Earl, beseech
you to add a proportion for them to the next treasure for
Munster.
For lack of a Chief Justice I, the President, was forced to
entreat Sir Nicholas Welshe to accompany me hither. I have
received great furtherance from him. Justice Saxey should
be returned, or some other appointed. It is a custom of these
cities and corporate towns (whose duties we much suspect)
to have agents there, and the lords and chief gentlemen of
countries "do and daily intend the same." We pray you,
" in respect their hearkening from thence doth much harden
them here," to refer their suits hither, or defer them.
We request a speedy supply of munition, for we intend " to
follow the prosecution with some more vehemency than hath
been heretofore," and " manyjcastles are to be attempted, against
which we must be constrained to use the cannon."
ELIZABETH. 387
1600.
We also request supplies of men, and that better care be had
in the choice of them, " for that they, being weak before their
arrival, do presently after grow sick and altogether unser-
viceable." Also, that the swords to be sent may be specially
chosen, for those hitherto sent have been so bad that little use
could be made of them.
We recommend the Lord Barry to be relieved with some
entertainment. His poverty is now such, chiefly through the
spoils which Tyrone did upon him, that he is not able to keep
his men together either to attend the army into the field, or
to preserve the country from further spoils. Also Charles
McCarty, son to Sir Cormock McTeige, of the best blood and
alliance of this country, has done and is willing to do service,
but the like poverty disables him. Of the enemy he has had
large offers, " but the young gentleman, of his natural inclina-
tion to remain a subject (and hoping to be considered of with
a company of foot of his own country birth), will not hearken
to their persuasions." If the Lord Barry and he be not some-
what comforted with relief, we dare not promise a perseverance
in them.
Shandon Castle, the last of April 1600.
" Signed by the Lord President, the Earl of Tomond, the
Bishop of Corke, Sir George Thornton, and Mr. Hugh Cuff.
" Sent by Captain Browne."
Copy. Pp. 4.
April 30. 390. SIR G. CAREW to LORD [BUCKHURST ?]
Vo 620 p. 143. l n our general letter we write for munitions, victual, and
apparel, and for supplies of men. I pray your Lordship to
grant my demands for powder, as the garrisons will be great
and remote. I must use the cannon to batter certain castles
of importance held by the enemy.
" Florence McCartie's entering into actual rebellion, having
been personally in the field against her Majesty's forces, doth
much distract me." By his revolt the rebels " have the spend-
ing of all Carbaye and Desmonde," whereby they abound in
victuals. If messages and letters may be believed, Florence
means to come to me and submit himself. I will draw him in,
or temporise, so that he shall not give impediment to the
prosecution of James FitzThomas ; for 1,500 men would be
too little to prosecute the war in Carbay and Desmonde, which
countries are by nature strong, full of people, and by Florence
strengthened with 1,000 "bonies."
In my judgment " the King of Spain intends to send forces
to aid the rebels ; for I know him to be too witty to be a
partaker in an Irish rebellion without a better back than the
force of Ireland ; and, if the Spaniards do come hither, I know
no part of the kingdom that will hold for the Queen ; and the
cities themselves will revolt with the first. For it is uncredible
to see how our nation and religion is maligned, and the awful
BBS
388 CAREW MSS.
1600.
obedience that all the whole kingdom stands in unto the
Romish priests, whose excommunications* are of greater terror
unto them than any earthly horror whatsoever. Until now of
late (although the townsmen have ever been obstinate Papists),
yet pro forma the mayors and aldermen would go to the
church. But now not so much as the mayors will show any
such external obedience ; and by that means the Queen's
sword is a recusant, which in my judgment is intolerable.
Yet, nevertheless, I do not think good to insist much upon it
in this troublesome time."
" As for masses and such slight erraunts here, they are of
no great estimation. I am not over-curious to understand
them, so as they be not used contemptuously and publicly in
derogation of the Queen's laws. But the mayors of the cities
and corporate towns to be let run in so manifest contempts I
do not wish."
Captain Wood has sent hither part of his complement of
oats. I pray your Lordship that he may be commanded to
send the rest.
" As occasion may serve, I will be ever bold to trouble your
Lordship, being one of my best hope, to give me assistance to
enable me in this tough business, which, with exceeding toil
of body and mind, I undergo." I join my Lord of Thomond
in his suit touching his band of 200 foot and his entertain-
ment?.
Shandon, near Cork, this last of April 1600. Signed.
Copy. Pp. 2.
May 5. 391. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. eis, p. 84. Recommending Captain Moyle for the command of a
company.
Dublin, 5 May 1GOO. Signed.
P.S. (in Mountjoy's own hand). You shall hear from me
at large as soon as I come to Thredauh.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
May 15. 392. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 90. On Whit-Sunday last I passed through the Moyrye, wherein
Tyrone had made his brags to fight with me. I was then some
1,200 foot and 150 horse. Yesterday the Marshal came
hither to the Newrye with some 500 foot and 100 horse, and
towards the end of this week I look for the Sergeant-Major with
500 foot more, and some few horse, with the Earl of Southamp-
ton. Tyrone is now within eight miles of this place, whither
he came this morning. Tomorrow I will go as near him as
the strength he is in will give me leave ; and when the Sergeant-
Major comes up I will encamp at Armagh. " If, before I am
driven to rise for want, any victual come out of England,
* " Examinations " in MS.
ELIZABETH. 389
1600.
I will leave a garrison there," as the chief use of Loughfoyle
will be lost except that be done.
From Loughfoyle I have not heard as yet, but they are gone
from Knockfergus, and I have made there a fair way, for
Tyrone, with most of his forces, attends me ; and I will seek
him in any place out of his strength. I have many messengers
out to bring me word of the success of Loughfoyle, but none
are returned. Sir Arthur O'Neale has declared himself, and
has been exceedingly prosecuted by Tyrone, but he holds out,
and attends the fleet's arrival, with full resolution to join with
them. The rebels all attend the success of that plantation,
which if God prosper, they will speak in very humble terms.
As soon as I received your letters, with Donell Mack Brian's,
I gave order his pardon should pass as you desire.
If you will cast either Masterson or O'Reyley, do so, and
bestow one company where you will. Respite the other.
There be some that have followed riie out of England, and
do now in this journey, whom I am bound to pleasure ; and if
none fall in these parts I would fain bestow one of those Irish
companies on them.
Send me any news you receive from Spain, for Tyrone doth
fill all these parts with strange lies ; although some part be
true that there came some munition and a Spanish priest that
calls himself Archbishop of Dublin.
The Newrye, 15 May 1600.
P.S. I will send you 200 men for Sir Henry Poore. When
I recommend any man or matter to you, I pray you hold the
like course you direct me. Captain Flower's service deserves
much commendation.
Holograph. Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
May 16. 393. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 88. Thanks for your continual advertisements. I send you a
copy of the martial laws, which you desire. I have granted
Captain Shefield " allowance for his overcharge in victualling
of Ballyraggett," but cannot satisfy him for the remove of his
company out of that ward, " not knowing any other company
whereon to raise it." It cannot be " erected on my Lord of
Ormond's own company," as I have allowed 26 men thereout
to the castle of Artloe ; and the Countess has solicited me to
make stay of the matter. I have granted him the increase of
his company to 150 men. I have received letters from the
Lords of the Council that your commissary, William Jones, is
to receive 3s. 4d. per diem above the ordinary entertainment.
' The Newrie, 16 May 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. C2-1, p. 7. 2. Copy.
390 CAREW MSS.
1600.
May 18. 394. SIB ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 11. This gentleman, Mr. Saxey, is returning with satisfaction in
some small suits he had, especially for money matters. He has
been the better favoured by me in regard of your recommen-
dation, wherein you desired to have him returned for your
assistance. " In those things which have been moved here by
any, wherein there might have grown any prejudice to your
authority, he hath been very ready to inform and remember
the Lords and myself." You will find him useful, he being
both religious and of experience ; and I doubt not but you
will give him more comfort than the last commissioners of
that province.
From the Court at Greenwich, 18 May 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed : " To my honorable and loving kins-
man," &c. Endorsed.
May 19. 395. SIR G. CAREW, Lord President, and the COUNCIL of
Vol. 620, p. 5. MUNSTER to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
According to your letter of the 7th ult., I, the President,
at my late being in Waterford, " made strict proclamation that
no merchant, upon pain of death, should sell any powder,
munition, or other habiliments of war, and that no merchant
should buy any, but should forthwith acquaint the mayor of
the town with the quantity upon his oath ; but that the whole
store of that town, as well that with the merchants as the
store for the defence there, should be delivered up wholly to the
mayor, and kept in his private charge, and no part thereof to
be issued but by special warrant ; which order we have also
here taken with the mayor of Cork, having since apprehended
some for buying of powder, whom we will accordingly see
executed." In Limerick I will observe the same course. The
mayors of Waterford and Cork have undertaken with all
diligence to look into the restraint of these merchandises, and
to prevent any further relief being given to the rebels. Herein
we can only use proclamations, which "be of little force
against merchants, for that they pretend their charters to free
them from any danger thereof, inferring that the martial law
hath no force upon any merchants selling the same within the
corporation."
The directions in your letter of the 24th ult., touching the
survey of the castle of Limerick, we will perform upon our
coming thither. We will be very careful not to expend more
than shall be urged by the occasion. As the season for this
work will quickly overpass, we purpose after our survey,
if we find the charge reasonable, to cause some work to go
forward. Direct the mayor " to see all needful carriages by-
land and water performed by the town, and the townsmen
assistants to the work."
ELIZABETH. 391
1600.
Here is lately arrived a proportion of victual, being part of
that which John Woods undertook to make. We have, with
the mayor of Cork, appointed Joshua Aylmer, one of the com-
missaries of musters, to view the same. The like shall be
appointed for the survey of the victual in Limerick. We again
request a supply of biscuit, butter, and cheese, for 3,250 men
for three months, before the end of July, as mentioned in our
last sent by Captain Thomas Browne, with further relief for
six months during the winter, and a supply of munition. The
summer suits have arrived.
As the soldiers " do daily infinitely decay," we pray for a
supply of 500 men. Your Lordships should signify to the lieu-
tenants of the counties where and by whom the choice is to be
made. Great abuses have been used in sending men altogether
unserviceable, " being most of them either lame, maimed, or
So weak with lingering loathsome sickness before they arrive,
as we are realty still upon their landing here to return many
of them." The gentlemen authorised for these services should
consider the hindrance that accrues to the service by their
negligences and frauds.
Our treasure will last until about the 14th of June.
The 20th of this month I, the President, intend to be in the
field and to begin my march to Limerick. Many that now
attend the rebels are desirous to be taken into subjection. The
White Knight, so soon as the army comes to Killmallock, has
promised to submit himself, and to deserve grace by very
acceptable services. The enemy have gathered to impede our
march, but we intend to force a passage. By reason of the
want of meet carriage horses, we have put into one of the
crompsters 3,0001. and half the munition, to be transported to
Limerick. We have only 100 barrels of powder. The rest
in this store will hardly serve to fill up each soldier's flask
before he go hence.
Command Captain John Woods to expedite the rest of the
oats to this port of Cork.
Shandon Castle, by Cork, 19 May 1600.
" Signed by the Lord President, the Earl of Thomond, the
Bishop of Corke, Sir George Thornton, and Mr. Hugh Cuffe.
" Sent by Mr. Smythe."
Copy. Pp. 3.
May 19. 396. SIR G. CAREW, Lord President, and the COUNCIL of
Vol. 620, p. 7. MUNSTER to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
" I, the President, have received lately sundry intelligences
touching a preparation in Spain intended before Midsummer
next for these parts of Ireland, which hath come from the
traitor Tyrone to Desmond and others here, to animate them
with constancy to continue in this wicked course, and the
same much confirmed by an advertisement from the mayor of
Waterford unto me, wherein he manifesteth, upon the cxami-
392 CAREW MSS.
1600.-
nation of a merchant lately arrived from Andolozia, that the
preparation still holdeth." A copy is enclosed. If these in-
telligences agree with such as you receive from thence, furnish
us with means to prevent the same.
Shandon Castle, 19 May 1600.
" Signed and sent as above written."
Copy. P. 1.
May 20. 397. SIB JOHN POPHAM, Lord Chief Justice, to SIR GEORGE
Vol. eis, p. 227. CAREW.
" I am moved by this bearer, Mr. Saxie, Chief Justice of
Munster, to recommend him to your favour. The man I know
to be learned, and never found him to be unhonest in his
actions ; somewhat in nature given to be unpatient of con-
ceived injuries, which I doubt not his experience in the world
and your good advice will easily temper in him." I wish you
success.
At Serjeant's Inn, 20 May 1600. Signed.
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
May 21. 398. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. eao, p. 147. The commissary of the victuals, who lately arrived here,
has importuned me to have his accounts audited and allowed,
but I have deferred the same till my return from this
journey.
Moyallo, 21 May 1600.
Copy. P.I.
May 21. 399. SIR THOMAS EGERTON, Lord Keeper, to SIR GEORGE
Vol. 6i5, p. 225. CAREW.
I recommend to you the bearer, Mr. Saxey, Chief Justice of
Munster. He has ever had a willing and careful mind to do
justice and to advance her Majesty's service.
At York House, 21 May 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 23. 2. Copy.
May 22. 400. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 153. We send you a schedule of weapons, munition, and other
habiliments of war taken out of a ship set forth by the Estates
of the United Provinces a year since. Happening in her return
to be cast upon the coast of Waterford, these parcels were
taken by direction of the Earl of Ormonde, and some part
by order from you. As the ship appertains to those that
are in amity with her Majesty, and direction has been given
for your supply with such provisions, we have written to the
mayor of Waterford to certify by what authority he took
ELIZABETH.
393
1600.
VoL620,pt2,p.22.
those pro visions, or has disposed of ary part of them, and to
make restitution of such as shall not be necessary for her
Majesty's service. It appears great shot have been taken,
which are of no use there. Consider what is fit to be retained,
that like quantities may be returned for the same.
Greenwich, 22 May 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
2. Copy.
May 25. 401. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 157. The agents for the city of Cork have been humble suitors to
her Majesty for the renewal of their charters and for other
concessions. Those cities and towns that feel the hurt of this
rebellion ought rather by loyal service deserve her Majesty's
favour than choose this time to insist upon demands, but she
has been pleased that consideration might be had of these
requests, whereof, with the answers, we send you a copy.
Though they have given occasion, by their want of respect
to the former Commissioners [for Munster], of reprehension,
we doubt not they will respect you, their governor, "of
whose service her Majesty hath made special choice."
Greenwich, 25 May 1600.
Signed: Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, C.S., T. Buchurst,
Notingham, W. Knollys, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescu, J. Popham,
W. Waad.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 22. 2. Copy.
May. 402.
Vol. 615, p. 155.
CORK.
An Abstract of the Requests of the City of Cork to her
Majesty ; with the Lords'* Answers.
" To be incorporated by the name of mayor, sheriffs, and
commons ; to be made a county within themselves, as Water-
ford and the town of Drodaghe ; and to have their liberties
extend four miles compass as Kinsale hath. Their Lordships
think the service of the citizens of Cork so necessary fa* trial of
treasons and other offences within the county, as their loyalty
and fidelity in service cannot well be spared. But hereafter,
upon the re-establishment of the country, her Majesty may be
moved herein.
" To be exempted of the wardship of the bodies of their
heirs ; and that their lands in the country may be only in
ward, and not the lands in the city or franchises, their free-
holds being but very small." The like has not been granted
* The Privy Council in England.
394 CAREW MSS.
1600.
to any city in England or Ireland ; " therefore the enlarge-
ment of their charter in this point is respited"
To have arrearages of wax forgiven, being 20 Ib. wax per
annum, since 18 Eliz. " Letters shall be written to the Lord
Deputy and Council to discharge their arrearages by concor-
datum, and the growing rent to be continued."
To have a grant of two brass pieces remaining in that city
since King Henry VIIL's time. Letters are to be sent to the
Lord Deputy that the Master of the Ordnance do not remove
them, " but that those things to be left to the discretion of the
Lord President."
"To have the may or for the time being made one of the Council
of the province, and in all commissions to be sat upon within
the said franchises." The first part is thought inconvenient ;
and as for naming of commissioners, the Deputy and Chan-
cellor are to have special care that the mayors of Cork be
trusted as they have been.
"To have 200 men in pay for the apprehension of the
rebels offending within the franchises and without the walls
by night ; of whose charges her Majesty to bear the one
moiety, and the city the other." Their Lordships will not
increase her Majesty's charge at this time.
To have soldiers offending other subjects dealt with by the
civil magistrates, and not by their captains. " Murders and
felonies, and such like misdemeanours, and causes of debt "
due by soldiers shall be determined by common law, the chief
officer there being advertised thereof.
" To know the mayor's places within the city and liberty,
being her Majesty's lieutenant there, and carrying her royal
ensigns, as a hat of maintenance, a sword, and maces. ^Their
Loi^dships wonder to have it doubted that in all commissions
of gaol delivery and oyer and terminer the Lord President
should have his superiority, and the Chief Justice . . . on the
right hand, and the mayor . . . on the left hand."
To give order that no process be sent to the mayor to stop
the ordinary course of justice in the Tollsell, being a court of
record. Granted, as reasonable.
That, agreeably to our charters, all captains and officers pay
for their lodging, candlelight, stables, and all they take ; and
that all others do the like. Ordinary soldiers to pay nothing
for lodging, candlelight, or stable ; but if any take a chamber
for himself in another man's house, to pay for the premises.
But because there are few inns, the mayor must see that
reasonable prices be established.
To grant the city such further privileges in civil and crimi-
nal causes as Waterford has. "For allowance of herrings,
their Lordships will in that point stay any resolution until
they hear from, the Lord President ; and touching trial of
treason, their Lordships wiM therein be advised, as of a
matter of high nature."
" Concordat cum originali W. Waad."
Pp. 2. Endorsed: May 1600.
ELIZABETH. 395
1600.
May 26. 403. SIR BOBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 604, p. 17. I formerly wrote to you in behalf of one Mr. Smythe, about
to commence a suit against one James O'Moylen for some
wrongs done to him by Sir Warham St. Leger, as he pretendeth,
in a controversy between them concerning Gillye Abbey.
As the letter, arriving after the death of Sir Warham, was
not delivered to you, and as he (Sraythe) is the son of an
ancient servant of the Queen's, to whom I am beholden, I
again request you to yield him justice.
Greenwich, 26 May 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
May 26. 404. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 82. This bearer, James Spenser, one of the 20 commissaries
appointed by the Lords in England, I could not place, because
all the garrisons out of Munster were provided, and in Munster
there may be but four ; and because you sent back my man
Turner, I could not send him to you for any place. In any
other thing I doubt not but you will show him favour.
From the camp at Carickbaine, 26 May 1600. Signed.
P. I. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoL 624, p. 8. 2. Copy.
May 28. 405. " EXTRACTS of LETTERS out of IRELAND."
Vol. 604, p. 234. Lord Deputy, 8 May, from Tredaghe. That he shall
deliver Sir Ha. Dockwray from Tyrone; for Tyrone doth
attend his Lordship, and saith assuredly that he will fight
with him in his passage through the Moyrey.
" Sir Ha. Docfavray, the llth ofMay,fromCarickfergus.
That the rebel standeth amazed what course to hold, Sir
Arthur O'Neale and Sir John O'Doharty having betaken
themselves to their guard, with promise to do some service on
the rebel.
" Sir Jeffrey Fenton, the 18th of May, and the 14th. That
the Earl of Ormond is at Sir Terence O'Dempsye's house, at
more ease than before, for that he lodgeth in a castle, but is
as straightly guarded as ever he was. That notwithstanding
there is some hope that his Lordship's liberty may be wrought
from this house.
" That the Jesuits ai*e grown to a faction concerning the
Earl ; the best of them affirming that, as he was treacherously
taken, so it is not lawful for them to detain him.
"That some of the principal confederates of Leinster do
stomach it that his Lordship is so long detained against
public faith.
" That the Lord Deputy passed safely to the Newry upon
Whit-Sunday, making his way through the Moyery without
impeachment.
396 CAREW MSS.
1600.
u That Tyrone, being much distracted with the rumour of
forces to land at Loughfoyle, is suddenly posted to Strabane ;
and that Sir Arthur O'Neale is either come already, or on his
way to the Lord Deputy.
" That the Deputy purposeth to plant a garrison at
Ardmaghe.
" From the Commissioners at Bulloigne, the 20th of May.
That they arrived there the 16th of this month about noon,
and that the next day about that time the Commissioners of
the other side arrived, who excused their stay by reason of
the sickness of the Audiencier."
P. 1. Endorsed: 1600, 28 May. Extracts of letters out
of Ireland and France.
May 31. 406. The PBIVY COUNCIL to the LORD DEPUTY.
Vol. 615, p. 63. We send you a petition preferred to the Queen by Alison
Dalton, widow. You ai - e to place a ward in her castle of
Knockmone, near Waterford, if necessary ; and to respite the
rent of the parsonage of Dungarvan, 30., the lands being
wasted. Her demand concerning the forfeiture of a bond of
Garrett FyJames may be granted when the country is
reduced to obedience.
Greenwich, the last of May 1600.
" Signed by the Lord Keeper, Lord Treasurer, Lord Admiral,
Mr. Controller, Mr. Secretary Ceecill, Mr. Chancellor of
Exchequer, Lord Chief Justice."
Copy* P. 1.
[May.] 407. PETITION of ALYSON DALTON.
VoL 615, p. 66. The lamentable and humble Supplication of Alyson Dalton,
a poor widow, and eight orphans, driven out of Ireland
by the rebels, to the Queen."
As she has for two years defended her castle of Knockmoan,
co. Waterford, at her own charge, and is not able so to do any
longer, she prays to be allowed 20 warders and four horsemen
in the Queen's pay, as Henry Pyne, Edmund Colthurst, Wil-
liam Southwell, and others thereabouts have.
All her living, to the value of 3,OOOZ., being wasted by
the rebels, she prays that her parsonage of Dongarvan, which
she holds of your Majesty at 30. rent per annum, may not
be forfeited for non-payment thereof. She hopes you will not
suffer her to be displanted by her adversaries, the cunning
Irish, out of that which her late husband dearly bought of Sir
William Hat ton.
* This copy was enclosed in the letter from Mountjoy to Carew, dated
10 August 1600.
ELIZABETH. 397
1600.
Garrett FitzJames, her spiteful neighbour, was bound in
5001. for the loyalty of his base brother, Thomas FitzJames,
to whom was committed her castle of Cappoquinne, to keep
from the spoil of the rebels, but he treacherously razed and
burned the castle and divers her goods, whereby the said
bond was forfeited, which she desires to be granted to her.
Endorsed by Mount joy. "Referred to Mr. Treasurer (Carey )
and Sir Francis Stafforde. Mount] oy."
Endorsed by Sir George Carey and Sir F. Stafforde.
Touching her rents, your Lordship (the Deputy) may give
warrant to me the Treasurer and the Barons of the Exchequer
that no forfeiture be taken. Your Lordship may write to
the Lord President of Munster (Sir George Carew) to allow
her 16 or 20 foot. Touching her last petition, we wish your
Lordship to write to the Lord President to inform you fully
of the matter. George Carey, F. Stafforde.
P. 1. Endorsed*
June 13. 408. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOT to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. so. In confirmation of my Lord of Essex's grant, I bestowed
on your kinsman, William Harvy, the office of scout-master.
His paymaster signifies that you will not allow him his
entertainment. I pray you to revoke any such command.
13th June 1600. Signed; with a, postscript in the Lord
Deputy's own hand.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 11. 2. Copy.
June 14. 409. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 78. The bearer, my Lord Burgh, has lately come out of England
recommended to me by her Majesty. I have promised him
the first company in that province after those I have already
granted, which I pray you see performed.
Dublin, 14 June 1600. Signed.
P.I. Addressed. Endorsed: In the behalf of the Lord
Bourke.
Vol. C24,p. 12. 2. Copy.
June 17. 410. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the LORD DEPUTY (MOUNTJOY).
Vol. 604, p. 250. Her Majesty has been advertised by the Lord President of
Munster (Carew) of the good service done by the Lord Barry
and Charles McCarte. "She is well pleased to hold them
worthy of some present favour for a beginning of recom-
* This document was evidently forwarded to Carew.
398 CAREW MSS.
1600.
pense." You are to grant a commission to the Lord President
to assign to each of them a foot company, when he shall find
two Irish companies void, " or the captains of the same meet
to be cassed and removed."
Greenwich, 17 June 1600. Signed.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed.
Vol. 604, p. 270. 2. Another copy.
June 17. 411. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 159. Touching the fortifying of the Castle of Limerick, we approve
of your judgment not to defer that work until a declaration
of the charge had been sent hither and answer returned to
you. Her Majesty trusts you will make her charge as easy
as possible. We have required the Lord Deputy to give you
commission to appoint foot companies for the Lord Barrye
and Charles McCarty. We have given order to the Treasurer
(Carey) that the Earl of Thomond's entertainment for himself
and his company be paid in Munster, where he is most
employed.
Greenwich, 17 June 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoL 620, pt 2, p. 23. 2. Copy.
June 17. 412.
Vol. 615, p. 161.
We have received a despatch from your Lordship and the
Council, dated Cork, 30 April. We are sorry to find such
great confusion in that province by the increase of the rebels'
forces, and the small assistance given by those not wholly
declared evil subjects. " It appeareth that you do earnestly
require a supply of treasure, seeming to collect that the
former sums of 9,000. will be all issued by the 14th of June."
We think it strange, considering what quantities of victual
we sent, that so much thereof is spent. Nevertheless you
shall receive 10,000. in money and victuals for 3,250 men
for two months. As the oatmeal proved not of such use as
was supposed, we have ordered butter and cheese instead.
The victuals shall be delivered half at Cork and half at
Limerick. We have sent you five lasts of powder. Your
other demands shall be granted.
The soldiers are only to be furnished with powder for days
of service ; for any otherwise spent they shall answer upon
their lendings. As her Majesty is usually charged with new
supplies of arms "when the soldiers have made away and
sold very disorderly their old," cause better reckonings to be
yielded of the arms by the captains. " For the number of
500 men we hope to obtain her Majesty's favour."
ELIZABETH. 399
1600.
It is no small comfort to us to find the good you, the Lord
President, receive by the assistance of you, the Earl of Tho-
mond, whose merit doth augment her Majesty's favour towards
you. Be careful not to license any captains or other suitors
to come over in this time of action. Dissuade the Lord
Barrye from coming over. His agent shall be heard with all
favour.
Greenwich, 17 June 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, P t 2, p. 24. 2. Copy.
June 17. 413. Sm GEOKGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 8. After I had taken order with the chieftains of Barrie's
country, Muskery, and Carrebry, to contain those parts in
some quietness till my return, I assembled together her Ma-
jesty's whole forces in this province, and with them the 21st
of the last began my journey towards Lymerick, marching
the same day near Moallo, where I encamped ; and the next
day I lodged within five miles of Killrnallocke, and the third
day within a mile of that town, where the White Knight
(according the last joint letter sent from hence) made his
humble submission, and attended me from thence to
Lymericke. . . .
" By reason he had some pledges taken by Tyrone at his
late being in Munster, and referred to the charge of Redmond
Bourke, who still holdeth them, he humbly entreated respite
to see if in some short time he could procure their safeties,
and then to satisfy me on her Majesty's behalf, which if he
find to be anything tedious or difficult, conditioned me not to
defer time therein, but to leave them to God ; for the per-
formance whereof he took a corporal oath upon a Pius
Quintus. . . . The time within 14 days will be expired. In
this mean while he hath behaved himself exceeding dutifully,
and is a good neighbour to Killmallocke, taking equal care
with her Majesty's garrison for the defence of the castle of
that town.
" From Effyn, the encamping place aforesaid near Killmal-
locke, I marched the 24th to the Bruffe, a castle which was
sometime Sir George Thornton's, but since the war held by
the traitor Piers Lacy to annoy the passage between Killmul-
locke and Lymerick ; which I finding to be of good strength,
and well accommodated to annoy the traitoi-s in the castle of
Loghgerr (lying somewhat near unto it), I placed therein a
ward, without charge to her Majesty, and saw them furnished
with all means, to serve till I had taken the said ciistle of
Loghgerr, which, upon the view I took thereof in my passage
by, saw that by the cannon (though with some difficulty in
the approach) I might carry it, went directly to Lymerick
(the army encamping two miles distant from the town), where
400 CAREW MSS.
1600.
I busied myself in mounting the cannon, wherein I found
many impediments, being enforced, out of many [ J and
unserviceable mountures, to make one to serve my turn. And
as for the gynnes and other habiliments, I was constrained to
make all new, having none in the store. And that which
troubled me most was want of workmen and gunners, this
town yielding none that were practised in that art, nor yet
capable of directions when the same was given ; but yet at
last I performed the service.
" In the mean time, the rebels understanding of my prepa-
ration to visit them, one Owen Groome, a stranger of the
North (to whose charge Desmond had referred the castle of
Loghgerr), quitted the place, and delivered it, upon condition
that I would grant unto him her Majesty's gracious protection
until his pardon might be passed, into the hands of one Ulick
Browne, a freeholder of this country, of whom I have as good
assurance for the safe keeping of it for her Majesty as may be
required, and without charge unto her.
" The castle of Loghgerr and the castle of the Bruff are of
very great import for the service, for that they give the better
liberty to the cattle of KillmaJlocke (which is the greatest
prey appertaining to any town in Ireland) to graze abroad,
and have so cleared the passage between Lymerick and
that town, which before no man could pass without a great
convoy, as that two and three horsemen do daily pass that
way, and the trade between this city and that town is now
open, which before was shut.
" After I had some three days a little rested, and refreshed
the army with drink and fresh victuals, and given in that time
some directions for necessaries to be prepared to answer other
occasions, I dislodged, and with the army marched into Clon-
william, a country of the Bourkes, where two of the best of
them submitted themselves., one of them, called John Bourke,
being of good strength both in castles and followers, and half
brother to the traitor Piers Lacy ; and from both of whom I
have since taken good assurance. Where I took a castle of
one of the Bryans, called Ballytarsny, 8 miles from Lymerick,
a place of no less strength and worth than Loghgerr, for that
... it stopped the passage between Lymerick and Cashell.
... I have upon good pledge and assurance delivered it to
the safe keeping of McBryan O'Gonough. . . .
" The day following I sent forth 500 footmen . . . into the
O'Mulryans', a strong and fast country, and notorious traitors,
being in the cantred of Owhny, to burn and spoil the same ;
which .with the killing of some of the traitors, they did in
short time, and with good safety returned. By which course
having well cleared that part of the country at my back, upon
my return to Lymerick again, I thought fit for a time to
divide the army, as well to refresh the soldiers, who, by reason
of foul weather, . . . did begin to fail of health, as to provide
all other necessaries fit for the battering of certain castles upon
ELIZABETH. 401
1600. '
this river, which of necessity must be taken in ; and so laid
garrisons, viz., at Lykadowne, a place of good strength bor-
dering upon Conolough, the traitors' chiefest fastness, at Kill-
mallocke, and at Asketon. . . . But in placing this garrison
at Askeyton, I found myself encountered with many difficulties,
wanting necessary means to supply them from time to time of
boats and such like. . . .
"These garrisons ... on the borders of Conolough will
constrain the enemy (having there gathered together all the
strength he can possibly make) to break and disperse, by reason
they cannot have means to keep so many as they are, over
and above their fighting men, long together. By which course
they will be subject to many ruins, and the way for my pur-
pose to besiege Carygofoyle and the castle of the Glan the
better made open unto me ; which, so soon as I have somewhat
cleared Conolough as I have done Clonwilliara and the other
parts as I marched, I do purpose to undertake, which will be
ere long (God assisting me).
" I do find from amongst the rebels that they begin very
much to stagger, and are possessed with very many wavering
humours, rather seeming now to fear all than to trust any ;
and would make little doubt or question but to satisfy your
Lordships very shortly with a very good account and reckon-
ing of these wars, were it not for Dermot O'Connor, captain
of their buonaghes or hired men, who hath under his command
1,400 men, besides others with less numbers, which are the
greatest strength the rebels have, and will prolong the same
very much. For that himself, being a poor man in the
beginning of his fortune, and not owner of two plowlands in
Connaght, knoweth not better how to spend his time than to
be resident where he gaineth so much, and commandeth
absolutely ; and thereby is grown to such a reputation
amongst them, as he is able to bring unto them above 2,000
men more, were they as able to give them content and
satisfaction.
" This will be the greatest means of the continuance of this
rebellion ; for of the natives of Munster I make no reckoning,
having means sufficient, by such instruments as I have found,
to set division amongst them ; wherein I have already sowed
such distrust in their wavering humours, as it appears unto
me they have no great opinion of any good success.
" Of late I have been importuned by the Knight of Kerry,
the Knight of the Valley, and John O'Connor, men of this
province of best means and quality amongst them, to be
received to grace and favour, and whom I doubt not will per-
form their offers, if they be not changed by observing of
Florence McCartie's neutral humours, which I find to be
doubtful, and more bent (as by his actions appeareth) to com-
bine again with the traitors than to manifest any desire to
become honest.
3.
33 C C
402 CAREW MSS.
1600.
" These rebels have so rateably laid down and proportioned
their number of buonaghes, as that the burden of them doth
not pinch them so much as is supposed ; and now .in the
summer season they have no feeling of any charge, living
upon the milk and butter of their kine grazing on the moun-
tains and in fastnesses, which holds this rebellion longer on
foot than otherwise it would. But of their harvest, wherein
their chief hope remaineth to live in winter, I purpose, God
willing, to frustrate their expectations, in burning and con-
suming the same ; and in the mean time will not be idle in
winning of castles and attending such other services as occasion
shall offer. I wish they had more strangers amongst them to
make them weary ; and yet (as in our former joint letters)
there is no less than 4,000.
" So soon as I have reduced Conolough into some better
terms by taking the two castles of Carrygofoyle and the Glan
aforesaid, I do intend ... to descend into Kerry, to see into
what state and conditions I may reduce the country, from
which I purpose to return to attend the harvest causes for
now the whole burden of the service lieth in these parts,
which maketh me more hopeful that they have retired into
their fastnesses.
" At my coming into this province they lay in great strengtli
about Lysmore and Youghall, and up and down altogether
between that and Waterforde, and likewise in the county of
Corke ; which so offended those passages daily, as the towns-
men of Waterford could not with safety pass into the country
a mile from the town, nor any at all between Corke and
Youghall, or Corke and Moallo or Kill mall ocke. They lay
purposely in those places to intercept passengers, and to stop
the intercourse ; which now is so well cleared and freed, as
from Corke to Waterford that way, and from Corke to Lyme-
rick, and from Lymerick to Waterforde the passage is daily
used, and so little danger therein to annoy them, as that six
horsemen may safely travel, only troubled with straggling
persons, but none of them able to keep 20 men after him. . . .
" Were it not for the certain intelligence I daily receive, as
well of the traitors' being and moving from place to place, as
of their strength and number, I should hardly be persuaded
here were any at all in Munster ; for that since my setting
forth at Corke (notwithstanding their great brags, uttered in
their pride, that before I came to Moallo they would give me
a welcome, and that I should make my passage over their
bellies, which was spoken by James McThomas) they have
not hitherto showed themselves, . . . but have betaken them
into the woods, where they mean to live till some greater
famine and scarcity pinch them, which I hope more and more
to bring upon them.
" Here arrived before my coming the proportion of victual
for 1,600 men for three months, sent by Captain John Woods."
ELIZABETH. 403
1GOO.
I am now constrained to send one of the crompsters to Corke
for victual and powder. As my stay here will be long, direct
to Limerick two parts both of victual and munition, and the
third to Corke, with money.
I retain the other crompster here, to aid me in the besieging
of the castles aforesaid. With one of them I had to waft
victual from Corke to Gallwaye. Their being here has freed
these coasts of Irish pirates, and cleared the Shenan of the
traitors' galleys, " wherein they begin to abound, being now
grown very perfect seamen, and practise the same in greater
number than ever they did before, [so] that they had blocked
up the head of the river, and thereby restrained the merchants'
traffick of this town altogether/' These crompsters will also
" prevent the frequent use of their galleys, who heretofore
have done very great spoils and outrages therewith upon such
as they were able to overcome." License me to continue one
of them in wages ; the other shall be returned.
" According your Lordships' late direction to have her Ma-
jesty's castle in Lymerick repaired, as well for the storing up
her Majesty's munitions and keeping of her prisoners, as to
be a bridle over this insolent town, I have appointed Justice
Golde and Joshua Aylmer to view and survey the same, and,
with the advice of the workmen, to lay down an estimate."
Whereas you have allowed 1,0001. per annum for extra-
ordinary disbursements, I shall, for want of garrans and
carriage horses, have to use water carriage, which also is so
scant that the expense will be great. " Here is not so much
as one boat belonging to this town other than small cots,
which will contain very little." I therefore beseech you to
augment the sum allowed for extraordinary services.
Lymericke, the 17th of June 1600.
P.S. Since the " perclosing " hereof Justice Golde has
returned his estimate of the charge of the repairs in the
castle, which I send herewith.
" Sent by the ordinary post."
Copy. Pp. 5.
June 18. 414. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 163. As her Majesty has sent over two of her auditors from
hence to take the accounts of corporations, captains, and other
officers, and, amongst the rest, of the commissaries of victuals,
give direction to Allen Apsley, the commissary for Munster,
to leave a sufficient deputy there and repair to Dublin with
all his books and accounts.
Greenwich, 18 June 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 25. . Copy.
June 18. 415. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 76. My Lord Bourke desires to obtain a pardon for divers of his
followers, his brothers, soldiers, and servants. I am willing
c C 2
404 CAREW MSS.
to grant it, but as they are unknown to any here, I have
referred him to your certificate. In the meantime they are
to be protected by you.
Dublin, 18 June 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Voles*,?. 12. 2. Copy.
June 23. 416. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 74. I perceive my despatches to you have run the like fortune
as yours to me ; yet some I sent by sea, and know not how
they could miscarry. I understand by Mr. Coomberfoorde
that some of my letters were taken and the messengers
hanged. I have more than once written to you to swear
him and Sir Charles Willmott of the Council I am glad
you have such good success in Munster.
Safe planting of the garrison of Lough Foyle, who found no
opposition. "Since their landing they are busy to fortify,
and in many light skirmishes have ever the better." Tyrone,
in one of his attempts, lost 20 horsemen. Sir Arthur O'Neale
is at Lough Foyle. Both in the North and here they are
confident of the coming of the Spaniards, yet I have over-
tures from most of the principal rebels to come in ; but I
wish to give them a good blow this harvest, and then we
shall give them our own conditions. Sir Geoffrey Fenton is
gone into England, to let the Queen understand how necessary
it will be to make a prosecution in all parts this next harvest.
Being now at the Earl of Ormond's in Kilkenny, I cannot
write as I would, " being full of many businesses of these
parts." I should think it a great happiness to speak with
you. If I knew when you would draw nearest these parts
I would meet you. " The Earl of Ormond, to deliver himself
out of so miserable a fortune, hath somewhat entangled
himself by pledges, but I protest, as I think, retains a true
English and loyal heart. The chief end of my journey to
him was in time to know how far he was engaged, and to
advise of the best means to free and assure him ; and I
presume, if he were once well quit with his pawns, he would
bear a greater mind of revenge than ever."
I will never leave Onye Moore or Donell Spania till I
have beaten them out of their countriea " In the North we
have had many skirmishes by Sir Arthur Chechester [and] Sir
Samuel Bagnoll ; and our men have ever prevailed, and killed
many of their best men."
" In my absence the Pale lost many cows, but no blood. In
my journey I lost but two men, yet fought with Tyrone
himself, where, believe me, he was well beaten." I desire to
beat that gallant out of his country.
" If the Spaniards come you must look to your towns." Send
me word what you hear of them. " I hold it the next way to
ELIZABETH. 405
1600.
give a final end to these wars to have those braggadocios come
hither."
[Kilkenny], 23 June 1600.
Holograph. P. 1 . Sealed and addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, P . 9. 2. Copy.
June 29. 417. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CABEW.
VoL 615, p. 72. I am informed you have made stay of such captains' enter-
tainments as are absent from their charges, and bestowed
them on their lieutenants. I rather believe you have stopped
them for a time until you might be assured to whom I have
given licence to be absent. Sir John Bartly and Captain
Blunt I retain here. To Sir Gerard Harvy and Captain
Clare I have given passport to England ; and if they return
not within the time limited, they are to be checked of their
entertainment. To Captain Clare I h'ave assigned Captain
Kingsmel's company at Lough Foyle, and have turned over
his company to one Spenser, by direction from England.
My former letters to you have miscarried.
Dublin, 29 June 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 15. 2. Copy.
418. " The MAIN STRENGTH of the REBELS in IRELAND, 1600."
Vol. 632, p. 21 7a. "The main strength of the rebels in Leinster, as it is col-
lected out of the particular numbers of every one of them,
4,000 foot, 200 horse.
" The main forces of Ulster, as they are gathered out of
every pai*ticular chieftain of a country, is 9,000 foot, 800
horse.
" The main forces of Munster, . . 6,000 foot, 300 horse.
" The main forces of Connaught, . . 4,000 foot, 250 horse.
" Sum total, 23,000 foot and 1,550 horse."
Copy. P. 1.
July 1. 419. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 68. I perceive by your last of 17th June that none of mine are
come to your hands. I have written four times since your
departure. Upon notice of our fleet's departure from Chester,
I drew to the North, which removed Tyrone from about
Strabane to Lough Curkin. One day in the Moiry, " Tyrone
did think to have taken a great advantage over the Earl
of Southampton and the Sergeant-Major in their passage,
but by the valour of them two especially, and by my
drawing out the forces at the same time to meet them, he
departed with loss." The rest of the time we had not even an
alarm. Our men landed without opposition, first at Kilmore,
3 3 *
406 CAREW MSS.
1600.
afterwards at the Deny. They have banished O'Doherty out of
his country and taken his castles.
I then drew back to the Pale, which the rebels had spoiled,
though I had left great forces behind me. The day I left the
North, Tyrone turned his course to Lough Foyle, where, not
long after, Sir Arthur O'Neyle yielded himself without capitu-
lations to her Majesty. He is a great help to the garrison
there, and by this time I hope they are planted at Dunelong.
O'Don[nell] has preyed Thomond and Connaught, whither
I am despatching Sir Arthur Savage as Governor. Sir Arthur
Chichester has enriched his garrison with from 700 to 1,000 *
cows, and has taken in Brian McErtoe with all his creaghts
and family. The rest of his neighbours are more ready to
come in than he to receive them.
" Sir Samuel Bagnall was of late stirring among his neigh-
bours Turlagh McHenry and Art McBaron, whom he sent
away with loss of six leaders, two of the McDonnels, Neale
McArte, Art McBaron's son, and betwixt 60 and 80 men hurt
and slain. On our part three were killed and some 20 hurt."
Brian-a-Saugh, whom I took in at the Newry, has burned
Monaghan. Neale McHugh has burned Turlagh McHenry 's
town and house.
Sir Geoffrey Fenton has gone to England to move her
Majesty for more supplies, with which I mean to draw into
the North again. I sent you warrant for swearing Sir Chas.
Willmot and Mr. Comerford of the Council there.
This bearer f is recommended by my Lord Admiral (Earl of
Nottingham) and Mr. Secretary (Cecil). I have bestowed
Captain Clare's company on him, and turned Captain Clare
over to Lough Foyle. " I am also to request you, in the
behalf of the lady for whose benefit this exchange is intended,
that if any companies continue in that garrison, this company
may be one of the residents there."
Dublin, 1 July 1600. Signed.
P.S., in Mountjoy' s own hand : I will write more freely
with my own hand when I am sure to have it safely
delivered.
Pp. 3. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, P . 13. 2. Copy.
July 1. 420. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to Sm G. CAEEW.
Vol. 615, p. 70. By order out of England I have bestowed Captain Francis
Kingsmel's company upon his brother George."
Dublin, 1 July 1600. Signed.
P. I. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 15. 2. Copy.
\ ^ ^
* " 10,000" in MS. f Spenser; see 29 June, No. 417.
ELIZABETH. 40?
1600.
July 4. 421. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 165. We have received your letters of 17 June touching the
good beginnings of your government in Munster. We hope
you will ere long reduce that province to a far better state.
We send you victual, powder, and munition. For the fortifi-
cation of the castle of Limerick we have written to the Trea-
surer (Gary) to direct his deputy- paymaster in Munster to
pay the sum of 345?. 17s. specified in your certificate, out of
the allowance for " extraordinaries/'
Greenwich, 4 July 1600.
Signed: Tho. Egerton, C.S. ; T. Buchurst; Notingham;
G. Hunsdon ; Ro. Cecyll ; J. Fortescu.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed: Received 23 ejusdem.
Voi.620,pt.a, P .26. 2. Copy.
July 8. 422. The GLIN.
Vol. 635, p. 142. A Description of the Castle of the Glin," besieged and taken
by Sir George Carew the 7th and 8th of July 1600.
A pictorial map, showing the barricade before the gate ;
the breach under the window of the hall, entered by Captain 1
Flowre ; the colours of the Earl of Thomond, Sir H. Powre,
Sir G. Harvey, and Captain Bostock, displayed on the battle-
ments ; the entrance into the hall ; the entrance from the hall
into the castle ; the flanker where the saker did batter ; the
second battery of the cannon ; the battlement on the top of
the castle where Captain Flowre received his hurts and forced
the rebels to leap into the water ; the town burnt by the
rebels at our approach ; the key where the boats did lie ; the
trenches ; the Queen's ship commanded by Captain Gawin
Harvey ; our scouts ; the horse quarter ; and the Knight of
the Glin standing to behold the battery.
" The castle containeth in breadth 92, in length 102 foot."
Endorsed by Carew,
July 11. 423. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 604, p. is. Your letters were not so pleasant wherein you advertised
the taking of Desmond, but that these brought by Power were
as unpleasing." At first her Majesty had scarce patience to
distinguish iir whom the fault was, but she is now satisfied it
was only in Dermott himself. As it was not knavery, but
fear and jealousy, she desires his reduction upon any reasonable
terms, " though here are some fine wits that will not believe
but that Dermott made this flourish only to get to be trusted
by you, and at length to do some notable exploit."
Sir Wa. Raleighe was here at the instant, " who hath joined
with us in the strong counsel that James FitzGerald should
be sent into Munster, to whom her Majesty had given liberty
to go abroad before in the town, as soon as it was bruited that
408 CAREW MSS.
1600.
he (Desmond ?) was taken. Much ado we have had now to
persuade her to have sent him, because she feareth that when
he shall be there, it is not unlike that he and his cousin may
be reconciled, the rather if the counterfeit Earl shall pretend
that he never meant to hold it against him, but against the
Queen. But of these things her Majesty is now content."
I am glad that you were not " overtaken to have paid money
and have gotten nothing."
" Here hath been a motion made from the Deputy that he
might call 1,000 of your men out of Munster to assist him in
other services. Out of that you may pick some English ; but
we have answered it very well, that your province is too far
from the condition to spare any, much less to do it at this
time, when all the service is to be done ; neither can we think
that he should need it, seeing we send him 2,000 new supplies.
Since he understood that, he hath made a motion that he may
have 1,000 of your men, and you 1,000 of his supplies ; but
we ... still denied that proposition. You need take no
notice hereof further than you please, for it is dead ; only . . .
I suspect the Deputy may be jealous that you neglect him,
because you write not to him ; from which error though I
know you are free ; yet have I used this caution, both upon
your last letters and the precedent, to send him the extracts
of the news, and to let him know that I have done it by your
entreaty, because you had written unto me that you did con-
tinually advertise him, but feared that your letters were
intercepted."
I have written to you by those that carry the treasure, and
by Smith, my servant. In our late supplies of horse I found
means to send you 30 to supply yours. See that the commis-
saries for victuals continually advertise us of their receipts.
" It will not be amiss that you do sometime write a private
letter to the Lord Chamberlain (Hunsdon), and in those
matters which touch not some very private design, to direct
your letter to the Lords " [of the Council].
Her Majesty approves of your proceedings with Dermott
and of your keeping the crompsters. What land or what
portion should the Queen confer upon the Earl of Desmond
when he comes to you ? " As it were unsafe to give him all
the superiorities which puff up the Irish, so I do verily believe
that, except they see him settled to dwell among them, they
will never follow him. Sometime methinks it were not amiss
to place him at Killmallock,* and to give him some land there,
which may be done with sorce composition with the Lady
Norrys. Sometime methinks it were not amiss to place him
at one of his own houses, as Loughgeare, with some plough-
lands about it. Divers Undertakers have lands, you know,
* Note in Cecifs own hand : " I do not think, upon better consideration, that
Kyllmallock is fit, being a town."
ELIZABETH. 409
1600.
which the Queen may well resume, because they have not ful-
filled their conditions." If you write of this by your private
letter, " it shall fashion counsels accordingly ; for as no man is
better able to do it than you, so you know I will believe no
man better than you." If you think a pension fitter than
lands, which I do not, acquaint me with your mind.
" Her Majesty doth now determine to create Sir Arthur
O'Neale Earl of Tyrone, who doth very good service at Lough
Foyle, and is a gallant fellow." She liketh well of your reso-
lution to use severity to pledges ; " but it were better to begin
it upon a man than upon a youth."
I should be glad to know whether the report is trie, " that
the Lord Barry was not spoiled so much by the Earl of Tyrone
as was said, but that loss which he received in the Great
Island was belonging to some of his followers ; next, that his
brother John Barry did set upon a person protected with a
dozen or sixteen swords drawn, hacked him and hewed him,
and all quietly passed over by you without punishment. It
is said that one John FitzRedmond lieth about Youghall with
not so many as 100 swords, and yet good Sir John Dowdall,
with all his garrison, for some particular respect, lets him
alone, which if he were reduced, it is said, you have made the
way passable between Youghal and Limerick."
The rest is in Cecil's own hand.
" Although we have won 2,021 [the Queen] to send 1,076
[Desmond] to 2,049 [you], as 2,04-9 [you] desired, yet we do
say that 1 ,076 [Desmond] shall be at first day. Till we hear
from you next, I think good to tell you that her Majesty
stayeth the going over of the Earl in the Tower. I pray you,
therefore, make haste and write to me what you would have
done. I send you the letters open which James doth write.
You may use them as you find cause. I gave Poor 1 21. He
shall have as much more now to go. My Lord of Cobham and
Sir W. Raleigh are stolen over to Dunkirk.
" From Court, this llth of July 1600.
" Yours affectionately, Ro. Cecyll."
Pp. 3. Endorsed by Carew : Received the 1 1th of August
1600.
July 12. 424. SIB JOHN STANHOPE to SIB GEOBGE CABEW.
Vol. 615, p. 211. I would sooner have answered your letter but I have been
all this spring almost troubled with sore eyes. I hope Mr.
Secretary supplies you with news from hence.
" The late good success of the army of the States in the Low
Countries, where our English won great honour, and the now
going over of the Earl of Northumberland and Rutland to
follow those wars a while, accompanied with my Lord Cobham
and Sir Water Rawley to Newporte, and so presently they two
to return again, I think you have heard at large. The
410 CAREW MSS.
1600.
French King's going first to Lyons to receive of the Duke of
Savoy the restitution of the Marquisate of Saluzzo, and from
thence to go to Marseilles to receive his new Queen, the Duke
of Florence's niece, who already is so proclaimed in Florence,
and takes her place accordingly. She is expected there in
September, accompanied with the Pope's kinsman, the Cardinal
of San Albrino, and other great states of Italy ; and there
shall be the solemnisation performed with the greatest pomp
that can be imagined.
" Your good successes in Munster I am very glad of, and
wish . . . Florence (McCarty) may prove a mannerly subject,
and that country quiet.
" Cousin, I have a poor young kinsman called Cowte, in
Sir Charles Wygmote's (Wilmot's?) company; I pray you
grace him for his friend's sake, if he deserve it ; and command
me here as your assured friend and kinsman."
Green [wic]h, 12 July.
Holograph. P.I. Addressed. Endorsed: 12 July 1600.
July 13. 425. The PEIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CABEW.
Vol. 615, p. 167. The losses and distress that this gentleman, Arthur Hide,
has been put to by the wicked rebels in Munster, would
receive better help and relief if her Majesty had the means to
help all those (being many in number) who are in the same
condition. But he must expect some better opportunity.
Meanwhile as he, with his son and three servants, is willing
to follow the service there, we require you to put them into
pay, and help them as much as possible
Greenwich, 13 July 1600.
Signed: Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, C.S., T. Buchurst, Noting-
ham, G. Hunsdon, Ro. North, W. Knollys, Ro. Cecyll, J.
Fortescu.
P. 1. Addressed.. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. u, p. 27. 2. Copy.
July 18. 426. SIR G. CAREW to the PEIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. is. Since my last of 1 7 June I wrote to Mr. Secretary (Cecil),
by one John Power, from Killmallocke on 27 June. On the
28th I returned to Limerick, and on the 29th I marched with
the army into the heart of Conoloughe, and encamped at a
town called Ballyngary, being desired so to do by Dermott
O'Connor, who was besieged in a castle (called Ballyallynane)
by the enemy. Upon my arrival the enemy dislodged.
" In my march the castle of Crome, which was held by
Piers Lacy (being now part of the Countess of Kildare's join-
ture), upon sight of the army, the ward which Lacy had left
in it quitted the place, where some spoil fell unto the soldiers,
and by mischance the house was burned, but the loss thereof
is not great, being but old thatched houses, and the walls
ELIZABETH. 411
1600.
thereof standing good and firm as they did before. This
place gave great annoyance unto the subject, being seated at
the entry into Conologhe, which is the chief receipt and store-
house for all the rebels.
" The last of June I marched to Askeaton through a fast
country (being the way I went from Ballyngary ten miles),
where I remained three days ... for the victual, which was
to come from Lymerick by water. The 4th of July I rose
from Askeaton, and lodged upon the midst of the mountain
of Slighlogher, at a place called Ballyntare, 12 miles from
Askeaton ; the enemy all that day marching in my view, and
our camps lodged not two miles asunder. The day following
the enemy, as before, marched in sight, and left us not until
we carae unto the Knight of the Valley's castle, called the
Glann, five miles distant from Ballyntare, where, as soon as
we were encamped, I caused the cannon to be unshipped, and
that night we entrenched ourselves about the castle. The
day following we planted our ordnance, which was one demi-
cannon and a sacre ; all which was done without any loss of
men by entertaining of the time with parley.
" The 7th of this present the Knight of the Valley came
safe conducted to the camp, and desired conference with me,
which I refused without his absolute submission to her Majesty
and relying himself upon her mercy ; whereunto he would
not yield unto but upon conditions, notwithstanding that he
saw the cannon placed ready to play, and his son in my hands
there threatened to be presently executed. Immediately
being safely conveyed out of the camp (himself standing upon
a high mountain not far off) we began to batter, where the small
shot did so incessantly burn powder, as the ward durst not to
stand to their fights, until a breach was made assaultable into
the cellar under the great hall of the castle.
" In all this time we lost but one man, and before night we
were possessed of three towers of the house ; the enemy
retiring himself into the fourth, being the strongest of all ;
the cellar whereof being also that night won and fired, they
were driven to so great an exigent, as divers attempting to
escape were taken and slain.
" The morning following Captain Flower, being the Sergeant-
Major, with other officers and gentlemen got up into that
tower, and pressed the enemy for their last refuge to run
to the top, from which many of them leaping down were
there cut in pieces, and the rest slain within.
" In winning of this cn.stle we lost 11 soldiers, whereof one
was an ensign, and 21 hurt; of which number (of men of
account) the Sergeant-Major (whose valour I cannot but highly
commend) had four wounds, but none mortal, the Earl of
Thomond's lieutenant, and likewise Sir Henry Power's hurt.
Of the enemy of all sorts there was slain and burned towards
80 pei-sons, amongst them 24 natural, and of the best follower;;
412 CAREW MSS.
1600.
of the Knight of the Valley, in whom his greatest strength
consisted, and by whose loss he is utterly ruined.
" The reasons that made this traitor to be so obstinate was
the confident opinion he had grounded upon oaths and pro-
testations from James FitzThomas and the buonaghes, that
with his whole force he would give him relief and raise the
siege ; who evermore lodged (during my abode there) not
above a mile from me, and yet never attempted to give
one alarm. Of his scouts and spies every day heads were
brought unto me by our horse, as also the advertisements
which he received from men of this town of Limerick (whose
names I cannot yet discover), that the cannon-carriage (being
old and rotten) could not serve more than one shot.
" His son, being an infant (for humanity's sake), I did com-
miserate ; of whom his unnatural father had no regard. Such
pledges by experience I find unmeet to be received ; and
therefore if your Lordships by a strict commandment shall
prohibit all commanders throughout the kingdom to receive
infants, (under correction) I think it very convenient ; for
there is in this province many the like, who were received
before my coming, whose fathers are now in action, and no
whit regard them.
" This castle of the Glan is a place of great importance, seated
upon the Shenan ; in the which, during the rebellion, a mer-
chant of Limerick (called Anthony Arthur) hath evermore
remained, who was a general factor for all the other merchants
of this town to issue their commodities to the country, to the
great relief of the rebel.
" To make this place guardable, I was constrained to remain
there five days, in repairing the ruins which the cannon made,
without the which it could not be taken, being (in my opinion)
one of the strongest holds in this kingdom. And for the
guard of the same I left Captain Mordant constable . . . and
21 men. . . .
" O'Connor Kerry (whose country is next adjoining to it),
understanding that I had the like intention to batter his
castle of Carrygofoyle, being likewise seated on the Shenan,
and the strongest castle in all Kerry, made suit to be received
into . . . protection, .and for his loyalty did surrender into
my hands the said castle, whereof when I had taken possession
I left for the guard of that place Sir Charles Willmott's com-
pany. The Earl of Tbomond, ... to assure O'Connor more
firmly to the State, hath given him in Thomond, during these
wars, a castle with 13 plowlands, for him and his tenants to
dwell on, which is a better pledge upon him than any he can
else give, for that thereby all his cattle will be continually at
her Majesty's disposition.
"Likewise, to keep the enemy more busied in Kerry, I
sent a party of 50 soldiers by water, who there have surprised
a castle called Lysrahane, killing the ward, burning the
ELIZABETH. 413
1600.
country round about it, and do hold the same for her Majesty.
This castle is seated within little more than a mile from Traly,
and was in the possession of Mr. Edward Graye.
" The Lord McMorrys (who is the most obstinate and mali-
cious traitor within this province), understanding of my
being at Carrygofoyle, fearing my neighbourhood, brake a
castle of his called Bewly, seated likewise upon the Shenan,
but two miles distant from Carrygofoyle.
" The 14th of this month, contrary to my desire and intent,
I was enforced through want of victual, which daily I
expected from Cork, ... to return for these parts, marching
from the Glan through exceeding great fastnesses, and lodging
that night by a castle of Trencherde's, the Undertaker, held
by the rebels, called Corgrage, seated upon the Shenan, and
of strength sufficient to withstand any force but the cannon.
But the example of the Glan was so fearful to them, as upon
summons they presently yielded the same with safety of their
lives, which I thought meet rather to give than to be at the
charge to compass it otherways. In the which I have left for
constable one Oliver Stephenson, who at his own charge
maintaineth the same.
" From thence I marched the 14th by Askeaton to Athdare,
a manor-house of the Countess of Kildare's, but wholly ruined
by Piers Lacy, and there lodged, being from Corgrage 12 miles,
from whence I sent back to Askeaton to ingarrison there
700 foot and 75 horse, being a place exceeding convenient for
service.
"The day following (having intelligence of a castle held
by the enemy called Rathmore, three mile out of my way to
Limerick) I marched directly unto it, and upon summons it
was in like sort (as Corgrage) delivered up unto me, in the
which I will establish a ward, which shall keep the same
without charge to her Majesty ; and so that night came from
thence to Limerick, having sent from Rathmore 450 foot and
50 horse to Killmallock.
" The residue of the army I brought hither with me, with
a purpose together with Sir Charles Willmot's company, which
I left in Kerry, to plant in that country a strong garrison of
1,050 foot and 50 horse under the command of Sir Charles
(who is a gentleman of great sufficiency, valiant and discreet) ;
which troops will make a short work of the wars in those
parts, for, by the enemies themselves and her Majesty's forces,
that country, which now aboundeth with victuals and is the
chiefest relief that the rebels have, will be soon destroyed.
" And as for Conoloughe (in the which the Earl of Desmond's
greatest command and relief evermore hath remained, and
which at this instant is more obedient and beneficial unto
James FitzThomas, by reason of the strength and goodness
of the soil thereof, than any country in this province), the
two garrisons of Askeaton and Killmallock will so harass the
same, as before this next winter I doubt not it shall be merely
414 CAREW MSS.
1600.
wasted ; towards the which this array already hath given a
good beginning, having left nothing unspoiled, and burnt that
was within our reach. Scarcity already begins, and when
famine shall succeed, there is no means for the rebel long to
subsist. . . .
" The gentlemen of this province are so suspicious one f
another, each fearing that underhand they have made their
way with me, as more time is spent in swearing and fore-
swearing to give farther assurance amongst them, than in
doing or performing anything against us. The buonaghes
likewise, as well fearing her Majesty's forces (with whom at
no time since my coming into the province they durst fight),
as to be betrayed by them of the country unto me, did desire
my protection and safeconduct to depart out of this country
with their followers and goods ; which, when I had granted
without taking leave of the Munster rebels (under whom
since the beginning of these wars they have been waged),
did rise upon the sudden, and 1,500 of them with their cap-
tains and leaders passed the river of Shenan lately into Con-
naught. In which passage the Lord Bourke, in revenge of
his brother's death, slain by them, not knowing of the pro-
tection which I had given them, came upon their rear and
slew 60 of them, drowned others, and took part of their prey.
Of their return I dare give no judgment, because the people
are uncertain, but my hope is that the seeds of sedition which
I have sown between the Munster rebels and them is such as
will make them never to accord again.
" James FitzThomas (if the aids which he hath sent for to
Tyrone fail him) I doubt not but in some reasonable time
either to get his head or to make him a wood kearne.
"The countenance of the Queen's army is grown fearful
unto them, and the terror of it hath been the only cause of
these good beginnings ; for longer than the sword is over
their heads, no longer will they remain in obedience. And
therefore I humbly pray your Lordships that the same may
not in haste be diminished until the work is thoroughly per-
formed, lest the end prove worse than the beginning. When
time shall serve to ease her Majesty's charges, no man shall be
more careful or ready to give notice thereof than myself, being
my part to do no less, and agreeable to my own desires to
quit myself out of this country, in which I serve but in duty.
" As soon as the victual cometh from Cork (which I hourly
expect), I purpose (God willing) to go into Kerry by the way
of Tomond, to settle Sir Charles Willmott with the garrison in
Kerry ; which done I mean to repair to this town, and from
thence to return to the county of Cork with the remain of
her Majesty's forces, which are not ingarrisoned, as before
to place them ... in the several parts thereof (for a small
absence breeds many disorders in this country) ; where neither
I may not long rest, but return again to these parts. . . .
" James FitzThomas, McMorrys, and Piers Lacy, as I am
ELIZABETH. 415
1600.
informed, the 5th of this month despatched a messenger with
a sum of money to Tyrone, to levy buonaghes in Ulster ; and
also have dealt with Kedmond Bourke and Tyrell to return
with their forces unto them ; whereof if they fail (holding
their treasons to be unpardonable) they have resolved to go
into Spain, hoping from thence to obtain aids to infest this
country with a new war."
Lymericke, 18 July 1600.
" Sent by Patrick Arthur."
Copy. Pp. 4.
July 19. 427. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 17. The victuals, munition, and money for this province
(Munster) should be sent " at seasonable times." Hitherto
I have had no cause of complaint ; but now being drawn to
a low ebb in every of them, I pray you send present supplies,
two parts to the Shenan, and the third to the river of Cork.
Land carriage from Cork to the garrisons in these parts is
hazardous. The victuals of both the crompsters have expired.
One I revictual and send back ; the other I pray to hold for
three months. If the 1,000. allowed for extraordinaries be
exceeded, I beseech you " to bear with necessity."
The rebels in their own opinion stand secure of relief from
Spain before the end of next month, " whereof if they fail,
the hearts of these provincials are broken/' Matters of such
great weight are better known to your Lordships than to me.
As the army has grown weak, I pray you send to Cork forth-
with 500 men carefully chosen.
" The country here grows into great scarcity, so as a famine
is like to ensue." Supply us with victuals. " Unto the towns
and country we may not trust ; . . . whereof since my
coming hither I have had good experience, not having in my
last journey such ready help from Lymericke as my urgent
necessities required, nor yet any help at all of the gentlemen
of the country (who say themselves they be subjects), either
of personal service, intelligence, or espials, whereby I might
annoy the enemy either upon their persons or cattle; but
rather privy spies to give them warning to save themselves
and their goods ; insomuch as these two months we have
lived iu the field wholly upon our store-victuals, not having
any help more than of one prey of 00 kine."
Florence McCarty pro ten* Is to be combined with the rebels,
having been a week in their camp, " but yet underhand he
seems to be a subject." He does not " frequent me with
letters '' as heretofore. But the garrison of Kerry will so
yoke him that he will be forced to declare himself a subject.
Lymericke, 19 July 1600.
P.S. I learn from Cork that a bark of 25 tons had there
arrived with victuals for the two crompsters.
"Sent by Patrick Arthur."
Copy. Pp.2.
416 CAREW MSS.
1600.
July 20. 428. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 19. Today I received your three letters dated 17th and 18th
June, which arrived at Cork on the 15th inst., and were sent
to me by the Mayor, who also sent me word that treasure
and victuals had arrived there. For your care in supplying
us so royally I render humble thanks. Only three lasts of
powder have been received. The last 9,000. is nearly ex-
pended, and but for this new supply we should have been
penniless. Your orders for defalcation of powder and arms
shall be duly observed.
I hope the 500 soldiers are to come to Cork by the last of
July. Our companies are weak through these two months'
travel, and through lying in the fields.
As I am not to license any commanders to go into England,
" command all those that have charges here and are in England
to return to their companies ; for in this small army, which
now was employed, more than half of the captains were
missing, some with the Lord Deputy at Dublin, and many in
England, none of them since my coming having been here
or thereunto licensed by me." Many captains have a great
number of attendants, who are also absent. Companies are
not so well governed by lieutenants.
Touching the Lord Barry and Charles McCarty I will see
your commandments observed.
Upon a more exact view of the castle of Limerick, finding
" how unable it is by my art to make the same strong, except
part of the town be razed," I am now only " setting workmen
in hand to make small work for storehouses." I am sorry for
this, " for that this insolent town has need of a straight
curb."
Apsley, the victualler, is gone to Dublin to tender his
accounts.
By this enclosed from the Mayor of Waterford, you may
perceive what intelligence comes hither. " My understanding
is too weak to make any judgment of them."
" No hour passeth within this kingdom but some place or
other produceth slaughters. This last week Sir Charles
O'Carroll (a good servant of her Majesty's) was murdered by
one of his kinsmen. Four of the O'Carrolls are in com-
petition for the lordship of that country. Before this question
be decided it will cost much blood, but therein the State is
nothing indemnified.
" This day a report came unto me that Redmond Bourke,
son to John, Baron of Leatrim, a notorious and malicious
traitor, and one of great estimation among the rebels, was
murdered in his bed by Ulick Bourke and his brother, sons to
Redmond Bourke, uncle to this traitor's father ; being all
combined and actons in this rebellion of Munster. The Baron
of Leatrim was betrayed unto the now Earl of Clanrycard,
his father, by Redmond Bourk aforesaid, their uncle, and
murdered in his house ; and yet this young Redmond, reported
ELIZABETH. 417
1600.
to be slain, trusting to this devilish combination, linked by
the chains of their traitorly priests, did put his greatest con-
fidence in his kinsmen, Ulick Bourke and his brother aforesaid.
But how true these reports may be, I dare not promise any-
thing for them."
Lymerick, 20 July 1GOO.
" Sent by Patrick Arthur."
Copy. Pp. 2.
July 20. 429. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIB G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 169. The Queen sends you 40 light horse levied in this realm, to
fill up your companies of horse. They are to be conducted
from Bristol to Cork by Arthur Hyde, Esq., one of the Under-
takers of Munster.
Greenwich, 20 July 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed : Received 23 Augusti 1600.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 27. 2. Copy.
July 28. 430. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 171. As the Treasurer at Wars (Sir G. Cary) cannot finish his
accounts because the commissaries of the victuals do not send
theirs to him, we require you to send the accounts of the
commissary for your province to the Lord Deputy and
Council.
Greenwich, 28 July 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 28. 2. Copy.
July. 431. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 175. We send herewith the petition of the Lady St. Ledger,
widow, desiring to clear herself of some imputation of disloyal
dealing, and praying that the matter may be examined. As
the information against her comes from thence, we send you
her petition and the information given us. Examine the
matter, and certify us what you conceive of the same.
Greenwich, July 1600. Signed.
P.I. Addressed. Endorsed: About the Lady St. Leger
with the copy of Mr. Denham's letter.*
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 28. 2. Copy.
July. 432. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR GEORGE GARY, Treasurer
Vol. 604, p. 274. at Wars.
The Lord President of Munster (Carew) having caused a
survey of the work done and to be done in fortifying Limerick
* See 31 March 1600.
3*
418 v CAREW MSS.
1600.
Castle to be taken by James Gold, one of the Chief Justices of
Munster, and Joshua Ailmer, has sent us a certificate of the
charges thereof under their hands, amounting to 345i. 17s.
ster. Give direction to your deputy paymaster in Munster
to pay the said sum out of the " extraordinaries."
Greenwich, July 1600.
Copy. P. 1. Endorsed by Carew.
Aug. 2. 433. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 29. I have imparted to her Majesty your last despatches to the
Council and to myself. Your proceedings obtained her " good
acceptation," as they deserved. You will receive answers from
the Council upon their next assembly. " But because I can
give a guess at that which shall follow, and find how long we
are to seek for wind sometime when we would have it, I do
send you in this, as avant-courier, something which (if the
wind stand where it doth) may haply arrive to give you more
timely satisfaction." You best know how to deal " with those
that would come in, and which are most reprobates." Therefore
I will not play Aristotle to you ; only the malevolent prophesy
" that to save their countries during this harvest it is no
marvel if any rebel make his submission." Your circumspec-
tion will prevent all such censures.
Her Majesty would be contented to have the war ended.
" She did very well like of your own judgment of her that
she would take it very well that those three persons might die
for the sins of the people. And yet if Piers Lacy ( whom you
have named) would have pardon for the service to be done
against the other two, such a proof of his loyalty will satisfy
her Majesty if you give him pardon."
I find her Majesty " wonderfull tickle " as to Desmond,
" sometime fearing the scorn of sending him over if no good
success should follow, and other time doubting, if he should be
at liberty there, that he would be harder to be pulled down
than any other. .... All this had been prevented if the
first plot had holden ; and if Dermot would since have done
anything, it would have satisfied much ; but his running away
suddenly, and nothing yet done by any of this Desmond's
followers, in hope of his preferment, maketh great diffidence
(I mean where you know it is not rare) ; against which for a
man to press were but a desperate work in a matter where
success is so uncertain, and where commonly the issue of the
council given may be thrown upon a man's own shoulders for
his labour Notwithstanding, I do verily believe he
will be sent to you, to see what will be done for him. And
therefore I would not have you in anywise divulge the
doubtfulness of it, but rather to make your best profit of the
expectation. For this step he still enjoyeth of liberty, that
though he lieth in the Tower every night, yet he goeth every
day where he will"
ELIZABETH. 419
1600.
" I have pressed her Majesty wonderfully for the 500 men,
but this last supply of 2,000 for Dublin hath drawn us so dry
as it will not be hearkened unto.
" For the expectation of the Spaniards' landing I am still
little apprehensive, both because the state of that kingdom
cannot afford many, and because some likelihood of a war to
break out between Spain and France (where the French King
is at Lyons ready for the field against the Duke of Savoy),
with the late overthrow to the Archduke (which had cost
them man}' bodies of men), ought to make them unable to
spare many. And yet when I consider how easy it is upon a
sudden to choppe over 3,000 or 4,000 without any extra-
ordinary preparation of shipping, I dare not be confident in
the contrary." They have broken off the treaty " upon this
only point, that they will not yield the Queen precedency or
equality, saying they deny priority unto France, and that
France hath it of us, to whom they will not yield equality."
At the time of the first proposition, now two years since,
" they did expect the success of the Flemings' fleet which was
upon their coast, they assured themselves that the Queen
should have prevailed in Ireland with her great army the last
summer, and -they did not so well discover our resolution to
make no peace upon such conditions as might bring the Low
Countries to their obedience."
" All matters of the Earl [of Essex] stand still in the dispo-
sition which my last letters by Power left them ; her Majesty
being removed to Nonesuch, and the Earl licensed only to go
into the countiy in the same restraint that he lived here in
London. Sir Wa. Raleigh, undei'standing of the death of the
Captain of Jarsye, is here a hot suitor for it, and, as I conceive,
very likely to succeed, for the Queen hath given him a good
answer.
" I think you shall shortly receive direction from the Deputy
to bestow a company upon one that is to be resident at Mal-
low, and that by cashing some other companies there. You
may guess at whose suit it is done, and for whose interest the
rather ; wherein I pray you show no backwardness, for it is
already unkindly taken that you have showed no greater
courtesy to his kinswoman, but have taken use of all her
living without giving any recompense, but rather hard answers
to her ministers. I doubt not but Sir Walter hath written
now hereof unto you. . . .
" I would be glad to hear what report is made of niy usage
of young Barry, of whom I protest I take as great care as I
can. I have placed him at the Dean's of Westminster; I have
provided him bedding, and all of my own, with some other
things ; meaning that for his diet and residence there it shall
cost him nothing. He hath been a little sick since he came,
and is extreme Popish of his age, yet I have given order that
he shall not be any ways straynably dealt withal, because of
distasting his father, although he refuse to go to church. You
D D 2
420 CAREW MSS.
1COO.
may use this as seems good to your discretion. . . . The
radishe tricks of Florence McCarty makes me jealous of some
practice with Spain. ... If I might advise you, I would
either bring him to better terms or else put him quite out.
You know he is a coward. . . . Although I have written to
you as above, I have caused to be given out at Bristoll that the
Queen will send 1,500 foot more intoMunster; wherein, to
colour it the better, I have written to the mayor to inform me
what store of shipping there is in the port."
From the Court of Nonesuch, 2 August 1600.
P.S., in Cecil's own hand. " The fellow that waits on young
Barry is very obstinate. I think he makes the boy worse.
Send me word freely if Desmond may be sent to you without
being created first. ... I shall never get the Queen to do it
first till somewhat be done. Write to me with all speed
secretly. 1 pray you commend me affectionately to the Earl
of Thomond, of Avhom the Queen is infinitely satisfied. For
the fear he had to be commanded by any other named to Con-
naught, let him be assured he should never have come under
him. But that is dissolved, for the Earl of Southampton ?] is
come away, and goes into the Low Countries. Excuse me
that I write not to him now." Signed.
Pp. 4. Tlie address and endorsement are onf. 21,
Aug. 6. 434. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. co4, p. 27. " It may be you shall receive many packets together full
of uncertainties in the matter of 1 07G [Desmond]. But now
I must confess that I am of opinion it is fatal to us probare
meliora, et deteriora sequi; for besides that her Majesty
deferreth to do anything at all in that matter (all the credit
we have not being able to procure him yet to lie out of the
g c p h w),* ... all the Queen will be brought unto will
be to send him to you, but with some gentleman to look unto
him by the way ; and neither to create him afore he go, nor
so much as to seal him a patent and send it with him ; but
only to write a letter to you authentical, whereby you shall
be able to assure them that if his friends will leave the other
party, and come in and serve him, that she will make him an
Earl, and give him competent living to dwell amongst them.
" I write not this as not knowing her Majesty will do all
she promiseth, but as a man infinitely grieved to see her
Majesty should give to those that are possessed with unbe-
lieving spirits so just cause of jealousy, whereby so great an
opportunity might have been taken to reduce that province.
A matter which although I affect out of public duty princi-
pally, yet I profess no second cause so much inforceth me as
the desire that it might prosper in your hands. Notwith-
* The Tower ?
ELIZABETH. 421
1600.
standing, I do use all the art I can, till I hear from you, to
palliate this sore, by making the young Earl and all that
hearken after him (whereof the Irish are many) to believe
no other than that he shall be sent to you in pomp, and
created afore he go. But, Sir, whether he will believe this or
not, I know not ; but sure I am that I have discharged my
conscience toward God and her Majesty ; to whom I refer it.
And, excepting destiny itself, I cannot give any reason for
this proceeding, but that her Majesty still sayeth she will
from time to time discharge him wholly from the n t f u k.
'' We did all we could to make her Majesty perceive how
infinitely she wronged herself by losing of time : and there-
fore told her that now this matter hath been bruited, there is
not one old follower of this young Earl, of whom, by fail-
means or foul, the traitor McTho[mas] hath not made sure,
since he found cause to doubt of.
" I protest unto you we doubt i ? lbrence McCarthy, [and]
therefore wish you to try him quickly ; and if you see he doth
but dally with you, I would wish you to lay hold on him as
soon as you could possibly ; which I assure you would be an
acceptable service, for in my conscience he is Spanish.
" I told the Queen that if she sent 1076 [Desmond] as a
prisoner with a bare letter unto you, he would have much
ado to draw any numbers; so as ... I shall leave expecting
any good which you shall not perform without this help.
We have moved her Majesty to levy 600 foot more to supply
your deficiencies in Munster, and doubt not but by this
time J T OU have received great quantities of victual and
apparel. . . .
" I would fain truly understand by you, and speedily,
whether I shall trouble myself to procure his sending over
in this dry manner. . . . But do you write that privately
to me ; and in some other letter, which she shall see, write
that you are very sorry to see such an opportunity lost ; that
you do wonder at us, that would wish you to persuade and
assure that people that such a thing should be except we
thought it, or found ourselves able to enable you to keep
your word with them, who are now so incredulous that any-
thing which is intended must needs be but some policy to
serve a present turn, as they begin again to unite themselves
and stand better assured each of other than they did before.
You may conclude that the hearts of princes is in God's hand ;
that you are sorry some other man (whose credit is better
to persuade, as it seems) was not chosen in your place,
wherein if you thought to be confined long, you should think
yourself unhappy, finding your credit is decaying there, with
so long a retardation in this matter. The sooner you shall
write, . . . the better it shall be ; for if it procure him so
that he can do any good, it is time well hastened ; if not, it
may serve us all that have been dealers for him for an
argument, whatsoever happens amiss, that his not going hath
been the impediment of it. ...
3 4 *
422 CAREW MSS.
1600.
" Although you wrote but for 500 men, we have given you
600."
From the Court at Nonesuch, 6 August 1 600. Signed.
P.S., in Cecil's own hand. " We have ordered that you
shall have victual, which will last till October. Send us word
what you will have done in that point, and whether, if you
have money, you cannot provide victual, or, if you cannot all,
what you can. Our supplies, I can tell you, come only
apparelled and with swords, for you must find arms there."
Pp. 3. Endorsed.
Aug. 10. 435. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 62. I send you the petition of a poor widow (Alyson Dalton)
to her Majesty, recommended to me by the Lords.* Mr.
Treasurer (Sir G. Carey) and Sir Francis Stafford have thought
her suit not unmeet to be granted. I have given her a
warrant for the ward. Let her own warders be allowed.
Sir Ed [ward] Stafford and his Lady, Sir Nicholas Parker, and
others have been earnest on her behalf.
Dublin, 10 August 1600. Signed.
With a P.S. in Mountjoy's own hand.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 16. 2. Copy.
Aug. 12. 436. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 60. I received your last [on] the 1st of August by William
McHubert, being in Ophaly, " very busy at harvest in cutting
down the honest gentlemen's corn." We fought with them
almost eveiy day, and beat them into and through their
woods and over their bogs. " Myself came into that country
on foot over a bog, and went out of it in like sort." We lost
not ten men in all. What the rogues lost I know not, but
they report that they killed 400 of ours and lost 300. Gray
Davies, the easiest going horse I had, was killed under me.
Captain Masterson and Lester, my Lord of Dellvin's lieutenant,
were hurt. After we have planted the garrison at Armaugh,
" I will hunt these squirrels even out of their strongest woods."
I wish we could plot a journey on these and your borders, so
that we might meet, for I long to speak with you about many
public and private matters, which I am loath to hazard by
writing." I have granted no pardons to Monster men but
to such as came with your recommendation, and I have
referred all suitors to you. As I am now going another
journey, I have ordered my man to make a despatch more at
* See the Privy Council's letter of 30th May, a copy of which is enclosed in"
this letter of Monntjoy's with the petition in question.
ELIZABETH. 423
1600.
large to your Lordship. I am glad all things succeed so well
with you.
Dublin, 12 August 1600.
P.S. " Captain Fobin* hath been prisoner in Caer, and
delivereth me many overtures for the taking of that place.
... I would have somewhat done for that place because of
the artillery."
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed: To the Right Hon. the
Lord President of Munster. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 19. 2. Copy. Pp. 2.
Aug. 12. 437. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 58. "When I was in the North I received letters from you for
the bestowing upon the Lord Barry and Charles McCarte
More of such companies as you thought meet to be " cast,"
which were Sir Richard Masterson's, Sir Edward FitzGarrott's,
and Hugh O'Reylie's. I returned answer, which, it seems,
never came to your hands, that you might cast any one of
those, "and thereout erect one of the other two." I have
since received letters from Mr. Secretary ^ Cecil) and the Lords
of the Council in their behalf, with two warrants. Of the
three unprofitable companies I would have FitzGarrott's
spared, partly because I purpose to draw his company hither
and to send you one of the new supplies in his place, but
especially because upon our return out of Ophaly he was
preyed of all his cattle, being thought by the rebels to have
led me into those parts.
I have written to the Lords that of the 2,000 about to
come over, 1,000 might be sent to you, and the like number
drawn hither of your old men, because the toughest of our
work is now in hand, "being going into the North," and
yours well-nigh ended. I pray you to send me the companies
of the absent captains Sir Henry Poore, Sir John Bartley,
Sir Edward FitzGarrott, and Captain George Blount. To
the planting at Armagh I must go strong. The captains here
complain no less than yours of " the check of discretion " and
the weekly defalcation ; for the Treasurer (Gary), though autho-
rised to make payments according to the certificates of the
20 commissaries, " doth always stay something in his hand
for his own security." The former abuses and disorders have
not been remedied by the comptroller of the musters and the
commissioners.
" The defalcation of arms and munition out of the lendings
I have respited, as a thing intolerable." I and Mr. Treasurer
have written to the Lords in that cause. Do you the like I
pray.
" Tobyn " in MS. 624.
424 CAREW MSS.
1600,
I have received a long letter from the Lords respecting
many supposed disorders in my government. One is, that
soldiers continually flock to Bristoll, Barstable, and other
ports of the West out of this kingdom, which must be out of
your province. Touching apparel, 3,000 suits have been sent
into Munster, and 3,000 to Lough Foyle. Only 12,000 are
allowed to the whole army of 14,000. See if any suits remain
in your provant master's hands for " our naked companies."
Dublin, 12 August 1600. Signed.
Pp. 3. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, P . ir. 2. Copy.
[Aug.] 438. SIR EGBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 25. I have written heretofore in favour of this gentleman,
Captain Clare, who wishes to serve in the wars where you
command. Being now to return thither he desires me to
recommend him for the command of the fort of Limerick.
Though I know not how you have disposed it, I should be
glad my letters might stand him in stead in any reasonable
request.
Not dated. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed: Received the 23rd of
August 1600.
Aug. 25. 439. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 177. The Queen has ordered 600 men to be levied in the counties
of South Wales. They are to be at Bristol by the 22nd. As
the several shires have [lately] been often burthened with
levies, her Majesty forbears to charge the country with
appai-elling or arming these men, " saving for good swords,"
because though your numbers diminish, the armour ought to
be preserved. At their embarking good winter suits shall be
delivered to them.
One abuse is, as we hear, still continued there ; " the soldiers
have means to be dismissed " by the captains or commissaires
and are conveyed over in such shipping as comes from thence.
Care should be used to restrain their coming over by any
passport or licence but your own, "and for cause of apparent
infirmity irrecoverable."
We have furnished you with victuals until the last of
October. We will continue to provide all necessaries for the
army, " to further the good success you have had since your
coming thither. Because of the heavy charge and hazard in
winter, especially in sending to Limerick, we should be glad
to know " what means you have to recover any manner of
victuals," if money be duly sent for the lendings. " The wind
hath stood good," but we have seen no despatch from you
ELIZABETH. 425
1600.
since that of 20th July. The Commissary has sent us no
declaration of the checques.
Nonsuch, 25 August 1GOO. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt 2, p. 30. 2. Copy.
Aug. 25. 440. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 179. " We did heretofore write unto the Commissioners in that
province to give assistance unto the servants of the Lady
Norreis for the bringing over hither of the goods left by her
late husband Sir Thomas Norreis, she having given bond with
sureties to answer for those goods or the value thereof, if upon
the examination of her husband's accounts she be found
indebted to her Majesty." But she complains that Sir Henry
Poore, upon his removal, has carried away our former letter
with him, that divers captains have gotten parcels of those
goods into their hands, and that certain persons violently
detain some parcels, upon pretence of debt. Call before you
any such captains, and take order for her satisfaction.
Nonsuch, 25 August, 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 29. 2. Copy.
25. 441. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 21. The 18th of the last I departed from Lymericke towards
Kerry by the way of Thomond." The ordinary way over the
mountain of Sleughlogher was impassable for horse by the
great rain.
" The forces I carried with me was in list 1,050 foot and
75 horse, and marched to a place called Kilrushe, opposite to
Carygofoyle in Kerry ; and by the 28th . . all the troops and
baggage were transported, which (considered the breadth of
the river, being there at the least one league and a half over)
was done with more expedition than I expected ; and which in
truth I could not have effected in many days if my Lord of
Thomond had not given me great aid, not having any other
boats to perform that service but such as he procured.
" The day following, having notice that the rebels in Kerry
hastened the razing of their castles, I sent Sir Charles Willnu. ot
with the forces aforesaid into Clanmorrys ; who recovered the
Lord FitzMorrys' chief house called Lixnawe (being set upon
props of wood ready to fall) before they bad time to fire them ;
and also a castle belonging to the Bishop of Kerry, called
Rathowyne, not far from Traly, which likewise stood upon
props, and the enemy put from the firing of them ; into which
places he presently did put sufficient guards for their defence,
either of them being fit for service. From thence with-
out stay (with 50 horse only) he went to view Traly, which
426 CAREW MSS.
1600.
was Sir Edward Denye's house, and now utterly defaced,
nothing being left unbroken but a few old vaults ; and as
they were in breaking of them, he came so suddenly upon the
buonaghes appointed by James FitzThomas to see that work
perfected, being in number 150 foot and 4 horse, as they had
not. time to make resistance, but fled; of whom he killed 30
dead in the place and recovered the arms of 100. The rest
that escaped was by the means and favour of a bog and moun-
tain near adjoining to Traly.
" The 2nd of August Sir Charles returned with the forces
to Carrygofoyle. In this mean time the victuals which I had
sent for from Corke . . . came into the river, and for their
safety rode at a place in Thomond called Carygoholoughe,
almost opposite to the river of Cassan in Kerry, from whence
in boats I sent the same to Lixnawe, four miles into the land,
where Sir Charles Willmot with his troops remained to receive
them. . . . The Lord FitzMorrys, when he saw his chief
house possessed by our forces, took such an inward grief at
the same, as the 12th of this month he died, leaving behind
him his son and heir as malicious a traitor as himself. The
county of Kerry, in my opinion, is the best inhabited place in
Ireland, but now (I thank God) their harvest is ours, which
will be a good relief to the garrison.
" The island of Kerry, the ancient and chiefest house of the
Earls of Desmond, and late belonging to Sir William Harbert
as an undertaker, and almost all the castles in those places,
are razed to the ground, which is an evident token of their
resolved obstinacy in rebellion.
" Florence McCartie I do no less doubt than heretofore, for
1 know he is sworn to James FitzThomas, and yet protests
the contrary to me, as by the copy of his letters hereinclosed
may appear ; as also by [the] declaration of one Garret Lyston,
a late protected rebel (who submitted himself upon assurance
since my being in Kerry), more evidently (sent with these)
doth manifest.
" As soon as I came into Kerry I writ for him to come
imto me, at that time he being not 10 miles from Cary-
gofoyle, where I then was, parleying with James Fitz
Thomas. His answer ... is hereincloeed. Whereupon 1
wrote the second time unto him . . . and, according to his
desire, sent him a safeguard, wherein I appointed him a time
and place of meeting, unto the which, as yet, I never received
answer.
" If he be a rebel (as otherwise for anything I can judge I
cannot accompt of him), then are the services of this province
more difficult than is supposed, for . . the Carties of Munster
(whom he hopes to draw into his faction, with their dependants
and followers) are of themselves able to make above 3,000
strong, which, together with the remain of the other dis-
persed rebels yet in action, do amount to no less than 7,000
at the least.
ELIZABETH. 427
1600.
" To strengthen this rebellion in a firmer combination
Florence McCartie (as I am credibly advertised, and am con-
stantly persuaded to be true) hath practised a marriage
betwixt the sister of Cormock McDermot, lord of the country
of Muskery, and James FitzThomas, which I was advertised
was consummated, but do find the contrary, and doubt not
but to work the means to frustrate the same.
'' If the plot should hold, then the city of Cork (until by
force I do disperse them in this county) will be my frontier,
for Muskerry adjoins unto the walls of that city ; and do
assure myself that many that are now subjects (if this marriage
take effect) will run into rebellion.
" The Carties' country, which is large and spacious, com-
prehending the countries of Muskerrye, Carbry, Dowalla, and
Desmond, by reason [of] the multitude of huge mountains in
the same, are in natuie exceeding strong, and yet full of corn
and cattle, having felt little of the war ; into the which for
the present all the other rebels of the counties of Corke,
Lymerick, and Kerry (whom I have beaten out of their
countries) do fly for refuge.
" Florence McCartie of late had his messenger with Tyrone,
as he pretends, for the release of O'Sulevan More, his brother-
in-law (who was carried prisoner by Dermot O'Connor out of
this province) ; but my intelligences assure me that it was
only to procure forces to support the rebellion, for the hearten-
ing whereof Tyrone hath sent letters of comfort unto all his
friends and confederates of this country, assuring them that
before Michaelmas Day the Spanish forces will land in Mun.ster,
which is confidently believed by James FitzThoraas ; for,
notwithstanding at this instant his forces are very weak, yet
he vaunts, ere that time, to be the greatest Earl of Desmond
that ever was in Ireland.
" Within the province itself there is no man that can hinder
the service but Florence McCartye, who, like a dark cloud,
hangs over my head, threatening a storm to impeach our actions.
But yet (without foreign aids) with the force which I have, to-
gether with other means which I will procure, 1 doubt not
but in short time to make him humble himself and to sue for
her Majesty's mercy.
" Another argument that approves Florence to be a traitor
is this. ... 1 had sent into Kerry (at the time that I be-
sieged the castle of the Glan) a party of 50 soldiers by sea
(which were led by a servant of ray own called Morry.s Stacke),
who surprised a little poor castle called Lischahan. The
enemy, as soon as I dislodged from the Glan towards Lymericke,
besieged that castle and placed an engine (called a sowe) to
the walls thereof to sap the same ; but the ward did so well
acquit themselves in a sally, as they brake the sowe and slew
27 of the buonaghes ; whereupon the enemy raised the siege.
Not many days after Florence came to speak with the ward,
assuring them that I was gone to Corke, that most of my troops
428 CAREW MSS.
1600.
were defeated, and that it was impossible for them to expect aid
till the next spring, but yet, for the love he bare me, he would
be glad to save their lives, persuading them to render the
place unto him, promising to convey them safe unto Carygo-
foyle. Their answer was, that in despite of all Ireland until
my coming they would defend the castle. When this did not
prevail, he terrified them with the force of the enemy and
with the weakness of her Majesty's forces ; with which, pre-
vailing as little as before, he departed, and lodged that night
with James FitzThomaa Notwithstanding ... I think it
meet for a time to hold that temporising course with him
which hitherto I have done, being loath to add so powerful a
traitor to the other rebels until the rest be more dispersed. . . .
" The horse and foot in this province are exceeding weak,
decayed by killing and sickness, but most of all by runaways,
which are conveyed away forth of port towns, although in
every of them 1 have proclaimed it to be death to him that
shall carry a soldier into England without a passport from
myself. . . . No man can be more careful than I have been to
prevent the escape of soldiers into England, but find it very
hard to correct the same, for they pass away in English
bottoms, and the searchers of the ports being of the country
birth, and not the best affected to the State, are content for
small bribes to wink at the same, but therein I will endeavour
the best remedy I may; yet notwithstanding do humbly
beseech your Lordships to give straight charge that such as
land in England without a pass under my hand may be
stayed, and of some of them an example to be made there,
which will terrify others from doing the like. If I have not been
too severe in punishing by martial discipline such runaways
as have been taken, I am sure I have committed no error,
having executed more for that fault than I have given pass
to depart.
" All our garrisons, namely, in Kerry, Askeaton, Killmal-
locke, Moallo, Youghall, and Lysmore, I thank God do prosper,
and are now at their harvest, which must be well followed, or
else this summer service is lost. Wherein I will be careful to
lose no time, for the destruction of it will procure the next
year's famine ; by which means only the wars of Ireland must
be determined. Since the placing of these garrisons, no day
passeth without report of burning, killing, and taking of
preys from the enemy, insomuch as all places near unto them
are wholly abandoned by the enemy and left waste. Infinite
numbers of their cattle, as kine, garrons, and sheep, ai-e taken
from them ; and, by a true report, which I can justly accompt,
besides husbandmen, women, and children (which I do not
reckon), of weaponed men there hath been slain in this pro-
vince since my coming above 1,200, and of her Majesty's army
not 40 slain by the enemy.
" When I went last into Kerry I employed Mr. Gerrat
Comerford, a councillor of this province (who hath ever attended
ELIZABETH. 429
1600.
me), to deal with the Lord of Caher to recover his castle from
his brother, with promise to repossess him of the same if he
could obtain it, which is brought to effect ; for the Lord of
Caher is possessed thereof, and his traitorly brother, who did
surprise the same upon the ward, hath promised to come unto
me to submit himself and receive . . . pardon. The cannon
and culverin with all their carriages and necessaries and shot,
which was left there by the Earl of Essex, I have taken order
to be sent to Clonmell.
" The motives that urged the Lord of Caher especially to do
this service, was the fear which he justly conceived that at mv
return into these parts I would take the same by force and
raze it to the ground, which I sware unto him I would do, if
it were not delivered into his hands. Your Lordships' farther
pleasure touching him and his castle I do humbly pray to
receive, for I can do in the same what it shall please you to
command. The use of it for the present is not so needful as
when the White Knight was in rebellion, and the charge to
keep it will be great; and as long as the great ordnance shall
remain so near unto it, there is no doubt but the house will be
kept under good command. There remaineth yet two castles
of the Lord of Caher 's in her Majesty's possession ; one of
them called Knocknemany in the keeping of the Lord of Dun-
boyne, and the other Dyrrinlare in the custody of a gentleman
named Richard Power ; both kept without charge to her High-
ness. But these castles his Lordship hath greatly importuned
me to be restored unto him, challenging them by virtue of her
Majesty's free pardon, which he hath obtained, to be restored
thereby unto all his possessions, as in former time before the
rebellion. I have hitherto forborne to satisfy him therein until
your Lordships' pleasures signified unto me, which ... I
humbly pray may not be revealed to any man but myself. . . .
"The 16th of this present I returned to Limerick, where,
understanding 1 that (by reason of my long absence of these
parts) the cankered poison of rebellion did by Florence's prac-
tices threaten new disorders, I made there but little abode, and
the 20th came to Killmallocke, where I remained one day,
being enforced so to do, to take assurances of many gentlemen
and freeholders that came to submit themselves ; not hitherto
having received any into her Majesty's protection but with
submission and security.
" The day following (the White Knight beiug then in my
company), news was brought him that the garrison at Moallo,
commanded by Captain Roger Harvy, had in skirmish slain
sundry of his followers. I, being careful to give him content-
ment (being, as he is, under her Majesty's protection), in his
own presence examined the matter, and found that Captain
Harvy, having intelligence by a spy that was his guide, a
notable traitor called Shane McRedmond, and certain other, of
traitors and their goods, which were near unto Sir Walter
Kaleghe's land adjoining unto the White Knight's country,
430 CAREW MSS.
1600.
with 70 foot and 24 horse marched that night 21 miles from
Moallo ; and at the break of day our men, thinking that they
had been brought upon an enemy's town, set fire to a house
having some few people in it ; but an old soldier, being in the
company, (knowing it to be the White Knight's chiefest town),
informed the Captain thereof, who instantly had hanged the
guide for his traitorly practice, if by any other means he could
have returned home.
" The country in this mean time being assembled (our men
then having passed ten miles homeward) overtook them, and
the White Knight's second son had speech with Captain Harvy,
who told him that he was sorry that his traitorly guide had so
vilely deceived him, and that when he came unto me he would
not fail to satisfy his father for any harm that was received to
his content. But the young man, following the advice of one
Garret McShane (who lately was a notable traitor), thinking it
not possible for so small a company to withstand his greater
force (which consisted of 1 00 pikes and 160 foot and 18 horse),
would needs fight, and gave a charge, and their foot came to
join with ours within two pikes' length, and then brake.
" In this conflict there were slain and hurt above 60 on their
side, and among them Garret McShane, the leader and pro-
curer of this tight, was slain by Captain Harvy. Of our men
some four were hurt, but none slain. Captain Harvy received
a shot on his morion, a blow with a pike on his back (but
escaped killing by the benefit of his buff coat), and had his
horse slain under him.
" The White Knight, upon knowledge of the truth of this
accident, condemned his people for their folly to enforce a
fight, having no harm intended them, nor any done, but the
burning of that one house ; confessing them to be well lost.
But yet, for his better satisfaction (albeit his men are not to
be excused), the traitorly guide had his due reward; where-
with he departed from me (as he protested) very well
satisfied.
" This skirmish hath been the best performed of any of long
time in this country ; and the rather considering the inequality
of numbers, and their long and wearisome march. For of late
(by what new valour I know not), they have esteemed their
foot far to exceed GUI'S. From Moyallo the 23rd of this,
instant I came to this town (sic) . . .
"At Moyallo, the 25th of August 1600.
" Sent by John Power."
Copy. Pp. 5.
Aug. 26. 442. Tlie LORD DEPUTY'S JOURNEY into the QUEEN'S COUNTY.
VoL 601, P . 195. Before his departure from Dublin, on 11 August 1600, the
Lord Deputy left order with the Treasurer (Carey) and the
Council " to expedite all things in his absence for the Northern
journey, to despatch all victuals and munition, as they should
ELIZABETH. 431
1600.
arrive, to the Newry, and to send unto all parts letters for the
general hostings and for beoves." The Northern borders were
left well guarded against any incursion.
The 12th, Thursday, he went to the Nas, having given order
for the victuals and munition to meet him at Castledermode.
The 13th to Moone, where the forces met 800 foot and
100 horse. His Lordship wrote to the Earl of Ormond that
his and Sir Chr. St. Lawrence's companies should fall into
Leixe by Idough on the Saturday night following, and on
Sunday night meet him at Culinagh.
The 14th he marched towards Donill Spaniagh's country,
and in the evening turned to Catherlogh. By the way he left
Sir James FitzPeirs and Sir Henry Folliott, with 400 men,
" to fall into Leix another way (that night) for some prey."
The 15th, FitzPeirs and Follyott returned Avithout any
prey, having fallen upon Keating's house in the midst of his
fastness, where Wony McRory with 100 kerne skirmished
with us. " The Lord Deputy removed from Carlogh to the
foot of the mountain into Keating's country, burned and spoiled
both it and the corn thereabouts."
The IGth he sent GOO foot under Sir Oliver Lambert, "who
marched through all the fastness of Slemarge, spoiling their
plots of corn within the woods, and burning their towns, with
some skirmish in the passes." His Lordship coasted along the
plains, spoiling and burning likewise, " passing quietly over a,
ford between two woods, where the Earl of Ormond, entering
into Leixe heretofore with 1,500 men, was soundly fought
with." At evening the forces met at the camp, where a boy
came from Wony with a letter desiring some gentleman might
be sent to him for conference. His Lordship would not receive
it, but caused it to be delivered to Neale Moore, his Irish
fool, to answer. At the river, where the army was to water,
there were some skirmishes, because the river was near a
wood.
The 17th the army encamped at Ferny Abbey. In the
way, the army marching along the valley, the rebels coasted
along the mountains. His Lordship having sent the Marshal
before to make the encampment, and waiting for the rest of
the army, " divers of the rebels came from the hill, waving us
to them with their swords and calling us, a.s their manner is,
with railing speeches." Our men fired certain houses, beat
back the rebels who came to the rescue, " and fell into their
greatest fastness with them." In this skinnish Wony McRory
was mortally wounded, and died that night. Callo<ih Me Walter,
the most bloody rebel in Leinster, " was killed in helping of
Owny, who for the time was in a sound, and left till night
hidden in a bush." Callogh's head was brought in. " This
man, besides the killing of Capt. Bozwell and Sir Henry
Dockwray's lieutenant last year, and divers famous murders
in these parts, was, as it is reported, the first man that laid
hand on the Earl of Ormond when he was taken prisoner by
432 CAREW MSS.
1600.
Owny." The next day we heard that Wony, " fearing his
head should come into the Lord Deputy's hands, had willed
it to be cut off after his death, and buried, and appointed
Owny McShane, a man of no spirit or courage, to be O'Moore."
Upon Owny's death the Moores dispersed by six and ten in a
company, every man seeking to save his own.
Two parties were sent out to search the woods for cattle.
They returned the next day, the 18th, with six or seven score
cows and great store of sheep and goats. The rebels having
driven most of their cattle into Ossery, the prey could not be
very great. A base son of the Earl of Ormond's took 400 head
of cattle. This day the Earl and Sir Christopher came with
300 foot and 1 20 horse.
The 19th the army passed the pass of Cashell to Ballyroane ;
and the 20th to Kilgighy in Ossery, by way of the castle of
Gortende, where the Earl had been kept during his imprison-
ment. Ormond received letters from Donill Spaniagh and
Redmond Keating, craving safeconduct to come to the Lord
Deputy. " All the way we burned all their houses in their
fastnesses and woods. In one of them was found the Queen's
picture behind the door, and the King of Spain's at the upper
end of the table." Sir Christopher took a prey of 700 cows,
besides sheep and goats, of which few came to the camp. " The
rest, as it is said, were shifted into Kilkenny and the counties
near adjoining/' His Lordship was persuaded to draw down
into Ossery, the nursery of the rebellion in Leix, to burn their
corn ; the Earl being of opinion that the chief rebels there
would give in their pledges.
" The 21st we encamped by Teig FitzPatrick's castle, the
Lord of Upper Osserie's son, but in rebellion," who on our
approach set his own town on fire. Here Redmond Keatinge
submitted, with condition to deliver the Earl of Ormond's
pledges remaining in his hands.
The 22nd the army, having spoiled the corn about the castle,
crossed the Nore, which it could hardly have done afterwards
by reason of 28 hours' rain. The Kellies and Lalors were
protected for a month, upon condition to bring in the Earl's
pledges in their custody within 10 days. Redmond Bourk
made complaint by letter of wrong done to him, and was
willing to do service.
"The 23rd the Lord Mountgarrett's sons, Richard and
Edward, took their oath to be true subjects, as by the act
thereof may appear.
" The 2-tth recognizance of 2,OOOZ. was signed by the Lord
Mountgarrett and his sureties for the redelivery of Ballyraggott
upon 20 days' warning/' The pass of Cashell was said to be
possessed by 2,560 rebels, according to a list delivered to the
Earl of Orrnond by one that affirmed on oath he had seen so
many mustered. A little before the entrance of the pass
Donnill Spaniagh, who was to have maintained the fight on
the right hand, came and fell down on his knees before the
ELIZABETH. 433
1GOO.
Lord Deput}% and desired protection for 12 days till he might
come to Dublin, which was granted, for at that time his
Lordship could do him no harm. Thereupon his men drew
up to the mountain to see the event of the fight. We turned
with our carriage through an upper pass, in the midst whereof
they charged us, with a great cry, but our men beat them into
the lower pass and into the bog beyond, and from thence into
their woods. Captain William Tyrrell was shot into the
reins, and is said to be dead. The army then marched to
Stradbally. His Lordship with 20 horse went to see the fort
ofLeix, and came that night to the camp. The 25th the
companies were sent to their garrisons. His Lordship came
to the Naas, where he found 700 of the new men placed ; and
the 26th to Dublin.
Copy. Pp. 6.
Aug. 29. 443. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVT COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 26. At my return to Cork, the 23rd inst., I received your
letter of 27th May touching cei'tain munitions taken out of
a ship of war at Waterford belonging to the States of the
United Provinces. " As far as I can remember, except it
were some small quantity of powder (which was detained
contrary to my Lord Deputy's directions) and a few axes, I
have not given order for the stay of any except only three
French demi-cannon carriages (which I suppose will serve
for our culverin), and certain round shot for demi-cannon,
. . . fearing that I should have cause to use the same in
those parts where I have been."
As for the petitions of the city of Cork for the enlargement
of its charters, I will return you the opinions of myself and
of others of the Council not yet here.
" I received one other letter dated in July touching my
Lady St.Leger,the examination whereof shall not be neglected."
By your letter dated 13th July your pleasure is that
Mr. Hyde, his son, and three servants shall be put into pay ;
but his expectation is to have the leading of a company of
foot. It is not in my power to dispose of companies. If he
will serve as a private gentleman I will dispose of him the
best I may ; " which I doubt he will not."
Before the receipt of your letters of 28th July I had
directed Apsley to repair to Dublin, but the Commissioners
were gone before his repair thither. I send his certificate of
the victuals here. Victuals should still be sent as before, two
parts to Limerick and the third to Cork ; and more than half
that sent to the river of Limerick should anchor at Carigoho-
loughe in Tomond, which is commodious to victual the
garrison in Kerry, 1,050 foot and 75 horse ; the rest to be
sent to the town of Limerick to victual the garrison of
Askeaton, 700 foot and 50 horse. " To expect any victuals
to be here provided for any ready money would but deceive
the service."
3. E E
434 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
The munitions have arrived, according to your letter of
4th July ; " but whereas by your letter of 7th June your
Lordships' pleasure was that the issue of munitions hencefor-
ward should be defaulked, except in days of service, upon the
lendings of the companies, I am willed by the Lord Deputy
to make stay thereof until your Lordships' pleasure be farther
signified unto him." There has also arrived 10,000?.
Your good acceptation, in your letter of 4th July, of the
beginnings of my services " doth not a little comfort me.'' I
hope my proceedings since will witness that I have been
careful to observe your commandments. As for the castle of
Limerick, I advertised you lately that it is unfit to be fortified.
According to your letter of 20th July there should have
come hither 44 horse, but I received only 36 ; " since when
the horsemen sent, finding some great differences between the
place from whence they came and this country, have made
suit to be returned ; and because I found here was not so
great want of horsemen as of horses, . . I did the rather
consent to give them licence, and to furnish with their horses
and furnitures such as had long sei'ved here. . . The holding
of them here so far against their desires would have been in
very short time the decay of their horses."
Cork, 29 August 1600.
" Sent by John Power."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Aug. 29. 444. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 020, p. 148. The Lord Audeley has importuned me for leave to repair
into England for a month or six weeks, assuring me " that
his absence would breed unto him great detriment and loss,
by reason of sudden departure thence without perfect estab-
lishing of his estate." Albeit you have restrained me from
licensing any captains from their companies, yet as he deserves
all favour, and has been here two years, " I could not well
refuse (although not to license) to permit ihim therein, seeing
his occasion is altogether urged by constraint." If he become
a suitor to her Majesty, I pray you countenance him.
Cork, 29 August 1600.
Copy, sigtied by (Jarew. P. 1.
Aug. 29. 445. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 23. I have not heard from you since Arthur arrived with too
news of your good success in Kerry. You have been supplied
with all you ask. Desmond is to be sent to you forthwith,
unless some advertisement dissuade it. A patent is drawn
aud ready to be signed for his eaildom ; you are to deli ver it
to him if you " see a party likely to come to him/' Her
Majesty is doubtful "whether he may not prove a Robin
Hood as well as the other, of whose abatement there is hope
ELIZABETH. 435
1600.
by your labour, though this gentleman should never be sent ;"
and whether by sending and creating him she may not " run
the danger of a scorn " if no great matter should follow. Use
him as you think good. " Although it seems you could have
been content to have only had him as a prisoner, yet my
Lords, out of desire to ease your works, have won some better
conditions of her Majesty, for he shall go ... well accom-
panied, and some gentleman (not as a jailor, but as his friend)
shall bring him to you/'
Out of other parts of Ireland we hear nothing but well.
Since the plantation at Lough Foyle the traitors have kept at
home, which has enabled the Deputy to do good service in the
Pale and in Lease and Ophaly. The Queen's army is 16,000
foot. Lately we sent over 2,000 under captains and 800 for
Lough Foyle, " and 600 that are at the water-side for you."
In Lough Foyle they have made good and strong lodgings
before the winter, having fortified well at the Deny; and,
since Sir Arthur O'Neale came to them, planted another
garrison at Donelonge, four miles from Strabane. But they
have done nothing of importance ; and of late they suffered
O'Donnell to come in the night and take CO of their best
horses, when Sir Henry Dockwra fell into an ambuscado and
was wounded. MacSwyne Ne Do, a principal actor in this
practice, was taken and sent to Dublin, " where I trust a
halter will save her Majesty's pension." Sir Arthur O'Neale
remains constant, but few or none are come in to him. \Ve
expect to hear the garrison is planted at Armagh, where it is
intended to leave 1,000 foot and 100 horse.
The rebels gave out in the North that a fleet of Spaniards
was arrived in O'Donnell's country, but it is proved a fable.
I am confident none will arrive this summer in Ireland.
" Our Commissioners have broken off the treaty in France
only upon point of precedency, wherein although it is true
that her Majesty stood (somewhat too long) to have it with
so proud a nation, yet at the last her Majesty was contented
to have yielded to an equality ; but they in the end protested,
that if it were not to prejudice them towards France (with
whom they contend for preseance) to grant to England an
equality, which giveth a priority to France, such was their
desire to have had peace upon honorable conditions, as
although they were absolutely forbidden to remain in Bollen,
yet if, upon the return of her Majesty's Commissioners into
England, she 'would be pleased to procure the Low Countries
to join in the treaty, they would meet in any of the towns in
Holland, and give the precedence ; or, if her Majesty could
not procure a joint treaty (if she would send to Wynoxberges
or any of the Archduke's towns), they would give her also the
precedency." The treaty was prolonged for 60 days in which
the Queen might consider of her answer.
Thus you see " there is yet a kind of vegetation which we
will keep on foot ;'' but I fear they are not so anxious for
F E 2
CAREW MSS.
1COO.
peace as at first, either because they think her Majesty is
sufliciently entangled with Ireland, or hope to prevail over
the Low Countries, who every day grow worse. They made
no use of their victory before Newport, for they sat down
before a great fort called Albertus, which hindered their siege
of Newport, while the enemy drew head again. The States'
army was forced to raise the siege, and left Flanders wholly,
coming back quietly into Zealand. " There is a great pique
between the States and Count Maurice, he protesting that he
liked not to besiege Dunkirk, but that it had been better to
have gone to Sluce ; they on the other side taxing him for no
better following of the victory. Holland and Zealand are
now at pique for contributions.
" The likelihood of those cold wars makes the Earls ol
Northumberland, Rutland, and Grey to repent their journey,
being half in mind to go into France, where there is some
appearance of a Avar, whereby Spain may be lapped into the
quarrel. For the French King being now on the frontier,
thinking to have taken possession of the Marquisate of Saluce
(according to the Duke of Savoy's agreement), the Duke
made so many delays from 20 days to 20 days, as in the end
the King sent Marshal Byron into Bresse, where he spoiled
much of the country, and hath taken Bourge. On the other
side De Degueres entered into Savoy, and hath taken Cham-
bery and Mount Melion. I am persuaded that the only end
of this will be that the King shall have the Marquisate
rendered for these places lately taken, and so the Pope to
reconcile the matter ; for were it not for that moderator, we
might have some little hope that Spain and France would go
together. The King marrieth in October at Lyons, and yet
hath made Madame de Entragues Marquise of Vernueil.
" Out of Scotland we have received advertisement very
fresh and true, that the King was attempted to be slain by
the Earl Gowry and his brother, whereof one of them assailed
him in his chamber, when the King lay in the Earl's house at
St. Johnstone's, but he was slain by the King's people, and so
was his brother also. This Earl was of the religion, and a
very gallant gentleman. The causes of his discontentment are
not known, but it is said he did it in revenge of his father's
death, whom this King executed. But whatsoever it was,
God forbid but all such barbarous attempts should pay just
ransom.
" Of our home fortunes one (whereof I am sure you will be
glad to hear) is this, that the Earl of Essex (upon his humble
petition to the Queen to have so much favour as to be licensed
to go into the country, in respect that his health began to
decay,) it pleased her to grant him liberty to go into Oxford-
shire to one of his uncle's houses, with this commandment,
that although she is contented he shall hold himself to be
under no guard (but the guard of duty and discretion), yet
he must in no sort take himself to be freed of her Majesty's
ELIZA.BKTII. 43?
1GOO.
indignation, in which respect he is commanded to forbear to
presume to approach the Court or her person. That distinction
of being free from guard but under indignation makes very
few resort to him but those who are of his blood, amongst
which I imagine you think Lord Henry Howard will not be
long from him. Concerning ourselves we are all as we were.
Sir Walter Raleigh hath been here a suitor for the captainship
of the Isle of Jersey (Sir Anthony Paulett being dead). He
hath very good hope, though my Lord Henry Seymour doth
earnestly stand for it. My Lord Cobham (since his journey
into Flanders) is a courtier, and doth marry at Michaelmas.
My Lord Thomas [Howard ?] hath been away all this summer
in Devonshire, from whence he hath brought up my Lady
Bevill, who is widow."
From the Court at Oatlands, 29 August 1GOO.
Signed : " Your affectionate friend, that longeth and careth
for you, Ro. Cecyll."
Pp. 4.
Aug. 30. 446. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 29. Since my letter of the 25th I have frustrated Florence
McCarty's design of a marriage between the sister of Cormock
McDermot and James FitzThomas, the counterfeit Earl.
" Donell McCartye, base brother to Florence's wife, and son
to the Earl of Clancare, who in the beginning of this rebellion
was by the country elected to be McCarty More, that is to be chief
lord of the country of Desmond, and displaced by Tyrone at
his being in Minister to erect Florence, hath made his humble
submission, . . requiring no reward but such as his service
shall merit ; promising faithfully that when I shall intend the
prosecution of Florence, that with the help of her Majesty's
forces he hath good hope in a short time to banish him the
country. His proffers I entertain, and, according to the
quality of service, have promised him to be a means to her Ma-
jesty . . to bestow some portion of that land upon him. . .
" Divers reports are made of Florence ; some that he is
gone into Spain, others that he will go shortly : and to that
effect I have a letter of the White Knight's, dated the 27th of
this month, that if he be not gone already, he is resolved to go
thither; which makes me to hope (if it be true) that they
begin to despair of Spaniards, albeit nothing is more lively in
the mouths of all persons of this kingdom, in towns, countries,
subjects, or rebels. His errand undoubtedly is to 110 other
purpose than to solicit their coming, and to that end . . he
hath sent, whilst I was in Kerry, one Owen Keygan, a priest.
. . I have sent to Sir Charles Willmott, whose garrison neigh-
bours him very near, who cannot want good intelligence
thereof; and according as I shall be advertised by him, being
now more confidently persuaded of his treasons than hereto-
fore, I do intend to prepare for that service. But before such
438 CAREW MSS.
1600.
time as I shall hear from your Lordships again, because I will
give no impediment to the garrisons which are now in their
harvest, destroying what they may, I shall not be able to look
into Desmond ; the necessity whereof doth somewhat trouble
me, being loath to be engaged in that remote service before
these other parts were better settled ; especially the time of
the year, after Michaelmas, so ill agreeing for an army in that
savage, boggy, and mountainous country.
" In the foresaid letter also of the White Knight's, I was ad-
vertised that Redmond Bourke and Captain Tyrell, with 1,100
bonaghes, are at this present in O'Magher's country in Ormond,
with a purpose to come further into Munster. . . They have
been much laboured by James FitzThomas to return hither.
I am likewise in the same advertised that John McThomas,
with three horsemen only, is gone into Ulster, to procure aid
from Tyrone, but I rather think that he is stolen away for fear.
. . His brother and he in policy do live asunder for fear of sur-
prising ; and these parts about Harloe, where John remained,
have submitted themselves. . .
" I hear, and do believe to be true, that the Knight of
Kerry hath submitted himself to her Majesty, and that his
brother is the pledge of his loyalty. . .
" In June last, a Frenchman of St. Mallowe's in Britanny,
called Vicengrane, brought to the Dingle a ship loaden with
wine and munition, and sold the same to the rebels ; himself
(his ship being returned) stayed in the country, and is yet
there to gather up his debts in such commodities as this
country yields ; . . and finding good vent for his merchan-
dise, did take order for his ship's return again to that harbour
loaden as before. Who, as I understand, is now returned with
others of St. Mallowe's in her company. . . Her Majesty's
letters unto her Ambassador Leidger in France, in my simple
judgment, were very necessary, to deal with the King in that
behalf."
Having discharged the two crompsters, I pray you to send
me some other shipping.
I received warrants from the Lord Deputy for the Lord
Barry and Charles McCartie to have a foot company each.
That for the Lord Barry I will see effected, but Charles died
by that time the warrants came to my hands. " The gent[le-
man] was of good ability, and every way willing to do her
Majesty service ; but . . such was the unreconcileable malice
between him and Cormock McDermot, the now Lord of Mus-
kery, his kinsman, about the title of that land, as, both they
living, the country could never be quiet, which was no little
disturbance to the countries adjoining ; but since it is necessary
that one should be wanting, it had been good for the service
that the lot had fallen on Cormock, who is inconstant and ill-
disposed, and would no doubt be as ill as the rest, if a careful
eye were not held over him. But now that his competitor is
dead (whom he thought that the State did more favour than
ELIZABETH. 439
1600.
himself, and whereof in truth he was far more worthy), the
cause of his discontentment being gone, although his honesty
will not be increased, yet I hope to hold him in better terms
than heretofore."
Cork, 30 August 1600.
" Sent by John Power."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Aug. 447. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 19. "I am much entreated by the Earl that shall be of Des-
mond to recommend unto you a request of the Lord Roch,
who seems to complain of spoils by his own sons. What is
true or false I know not, but you do. Only this I wish, that
the Lord Rocb may know that what you do is the rather
for the respect of this young gentleman, to whom the Queen
now intendeth all grace and favour."
P.S. Encourage this bearer ; he is careful and honest.
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed : Received in
August 1600.
Sept. 5. 448. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 55. I am overlaid with business, as I am going to the North.
With 800 foot and 100 horse I entered into Leixe by Carlogh,
burned and spoiled all their towns in the way, and cut down
their corn, with some skirmishing, but no loss. Owny McRory
wrote to the Earl of Ormond, desiring him "to stay this
execrable and abominable course (for so he termed it) of
cutting down green corn." He afterwards sent a boy to me
with a letter, which I refused to read, but delivered it to one
Neale [Moore], an Irish fool that attended me, to answer. It
entreated that some gentleman might be sent to him for
conference. Neale answered " that there was none in the camp
so base as to confer with him, but if he would come and submit
himself on his knees to him, the said Neale, he would under-
take that either his submission should be accepted, or he
should return safe."
Next day, the army marching in the valley, the rebels
mustered on the hill, "flourishing with their swords and
railing at us after their manner/' By firing some houses I
drew them to skirmish with our men. Wony McRory and
Callogh McWalter were killed. Ormond met me with his
and Sir Chr. St. Lawrence's companies. The chiefest of the
rebels made means to Ormond to be protected, " offering to
deliver his pledges."
After Wony's death I drew into Ossory, spoiling and burning
without resistance. " In our return the rebels had possessed
the pass of Cashell, being now grown to some head by Donell
Spaniagh's coming down, and part of Tirrell's forces, together
with the O'Connors and those of Leixe and Ossory," estimated
at 2,560 men.
440 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
" At the entrance into the pass, Donell Spaniagh, who before
had made means by the Earl to couie in, submitted himself on
liis knees before the whole army, and craved protection for 12
days both for himself and Feagh McHugh's sons to come in
the meantime to Dublin." He and his followers " drew up to
the hill to see the success of the fight between us and the rest
of the rebels," who, charging our men hotly, were beaten back
through wood and bog. " To the reducing of Leix we want
nothing but people."
Our new men are come over, but the money and victuals are
yet behind, to the hindrance of the Northern service.
In your letters sent by Captain Mannering you, it seems,
mistook my desire that some of your old companies might be
drawn down hither. My meaning was only to exchange with
you some new for old. " Considering the weakness of your
companies there, and the strength of these new, than which I
never saw either more able men or better armed, it may be,
by your refusal, you have made the worst choice. But I have
sent you two of the new captains, Phillipps and Boys,* and
instead of them I pray you to send hither forthwith Sir Henry
Poore's company, who, being appointed by her Majesty Gover-
nor of Leixe, may justly claim the command of his own com-
pany there. For the rest, which I am. willing to draw hither,
because their captains are in these parts, and I would, by that
means, avoid the scandal of licensing many captains to be
absent from their charges, if you find it not inconvenient for
the safety of that province, I will send you so many of these
new men to supply their places Your desire that I
should second your request into England for supplies, and for
the punishment of runaways on that side, is already satisfied.
I will remember your letters in favour of Captain Taaff and
James Oge when the time comes for choice of sheriffs, which
will not be till my return from the North.
As the ordnance is removed to Clonmell, the castle of
Cahyre may remain in the Lord of Cahir's hands, "the rather
because the White Knight being in, it is not of such use as
heretofore."
Dublin, 5 September 1600. Signed.
P.S. I received your letter recommending that Mr. Jones
"be authorized to take the muster rolls from the other
commissaries," &c.-
Pp. 4. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 21. 2. Copy.
Sept. 8. 449. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIB G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 52. I have as great interest in your success as in my own. I
desired these old companies " because I was to undertake a
* " Boys " has been substituted for " Orell."
ELIZABETH. 441
1600.
journey wherein we are likely to set up our rest for this
kingdom with Tyrone ; and at such a proof of men, I have no
great confidence in our new soldiers/' I have now only sent for
Sir Henry Poore's company, as he is appointed commander of
Less.
" Since my return from Less, being now to undertake the
Northern journey, I am so oppressed with a confusion of busi-
ness, as I must confess I do almost sink under it, especially
being overlaid with a packet 1 received out of England by
Sir Geoffrey Fenton, wherein I am charged with as many
faults as a leper hath spots, and find that there is nothing
informed against me by the most idle or base discontented
informer but it is believed." I was thrust into this employ-
ment. " They have broken the heart of my endeavours, and
done themselves more harm than they can do unto me."
At this time of the year I am going a great progress into
the North. " If we ever meet in heaven, if we do not on earth,
you shall know that I never dealt dishonestly with any man,
and that it is my fortune to receive hard measure in most of
my intercourses. For yourself, believe me I love you, and wish
you all happiness and good success."
8 September 1600.
Holograph. Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 24. 2. Copy.
Sept. 9. 450. LOBD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 48. " There hath been here some difference between this bearer
Captain Phillipps and others about the matter of precedence, he
alleging the antiquity of his command in foreign service, they,
in the Queen's wars ; which, in regard of my manifold business
at this time, I have not been able to decide, nor greatly willing
in regard of his departure from hence to be of your list." I
refer it to you.
Dublin, 9 September 1GOO. Signed.
P.S. " Sir Theobald Dillon, by good fortune, took Owen
O'Sulyvant More, whom Captain Tyrrell had before taken
from Dermot O'Connor. But because your Lordship may
perhaps make some use of him there, I have released him out
of prison, to be delivered to Captain Phillips, and by him to
you."
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 26. 2. Copy ; with a note in tlie margin, as folloivs : " Touch-
ing Captain Phillips and Captain Boys for precedence."
Sept. 9. 451. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. so. I have established this bearer, Michael Hughes, as minister
of the ordnance at Cork v>'ith I8d. ster. per diem. He was
442 CAREW MSS.
1600.
recommended by you " to take and return hither the certifi-
cates of the other ministers of the ordnance in that province,
which, without greater entertainment, he is not willing to
undertake." I refer him to your Lordship and that Council
He may receive further allowance out of your extraordinaries,
" for I am not willing to raise our concordatuma by any charge
belonging to your province."
Dublin, 9 September 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 25. 2. Copy.
Sept. 12. 452. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 46. I have thought good to stay Captains Philips and Boys here
till Sir H. Poore's company draw down to Kilkenny, when
my Lord of Ormond is to send them to your Lordship. Give
order for Poore's company to march thither.
Dublin, 12 September 1600. Signed.
P.S. " The companies appointed to be of your list are to
remain at Carlogh, expecting the coming of Sir Henry Poore's
company."
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 27. 2. Copy.
Sept. 12. 453. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 44. I pray you "to furnish me with a couple of fair large Irish
greyhounds," for a friend in England.
Dublin Castle, 12 September 1600. Signed.
With a P.S. in Mountjoy's own handivriting.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Sept. 17. 454. The QUEEN to LORD MOUNTJOY, Deputy, and SIR
Vol. 604, p. -248. GEORGE GARY, Treasurer at Wars.
We hereby license you our Treasurer to leave your charge
there and repair hither, in order to yield your accounts. Bring
or send your ledgers, warrants, &c. By our Privy Council's
warrant of 18 May last, you our Deputy were authorized to
engage 2,000 of the Irishry who should leave the rebels, at
the charge of 1,OOOL a month, which we command you our
Treasurer to pay, notwithstanding our former instructions.
As we have thought good to send into Munster James Fitz-
Gerald, son to the late Earl of Desmond, on whom we bestow
his father's title, one of the companies there is to be discharged,
and its pay to be converted to the maintenance of the said
James and his attendants. Require the President (Carew)
to make choice of the weakest company for this purpose.
Otelandes, 17 September 1600, 42 Eliz.
Copy. Pp. 3. Endorsed.
ELIZABETH. 443
1600.
Sept. 20. 455. The EARL OF TYRONE to CORMOCKE MCDERMOND, Lord
VoL 1 7, p. 9 1 . of Muskry.
" Be it known unto you that there is few in all Ireland of
whom we have greater hope and confidence than ye.
And we require of ye (as it becometh) to do a thing both
stately and stoutly, and to give addition to all noble and
honorable acts that ever he that had your place did ; and that
yourself, the Earl of Desmond, and McCartie More shall [aid]
one another devoutly and diligently. And, with the will of
God, the relief and succour of God shall overtake ye suddenly,
in respect that troubles enough will be upon the English in
England itself. And admit that no succour should ever over-
take us, it is the least we of the Irishry should, to take as much
of Ireland as is without cities and great towns out of the
English and heretics' hands. And let us therefore feel and
find your help unto us, according to our trust and confidence
in you. And since now Connaght men (who attempted
treacheries and misdemeanours) are not amongst you, put your
own helping hands together and contend strongly with the
enemies of God and the Church. And, God willing, we will
ease you of all the burthen of the Queen's army for this
time.
"From the border of the field, the 20th September 1600"
Signed : O'Neale.
" Intercepted by the Lord President of Munster (Carew),
and translated out of Irish, and sent into England."
Copy. P. 1.
Sept. 20. 456. The EARL OF TYRONE to MCCARTIE MORE.
Vol. en, p. 92. We received your letter first concerning O'Soulevan More,
for whom ye wrote unto us. We dislike of the proceeding of
Dermond O'Connor since we left Munster ; and he came to
our presence upon great safeconduct and conditions. And
for so much of his speech as we have heard, we conceive that
he hath done the wrong ; but he did promise us that if we
should get O'Sulevan and the other pledges that were
detained from him upon the hands of Captain Tin-ell to our
own hands, that then he would come without oath, security,
or safeconduct upon our hands.
"We have sent to the Captain, and requested him to bring
the said pledges unto us. And because the Deputy and
English army went to Leinster, the Captain could not come so
suddenly as we required him. By reason of all which, and for
that the Captain had not no straight keeping upon O'Sulevan,
being not indebted unto him, O'Sulevan made an escape as ye
heard ; and the pledges of Dermond's self made escape also.
But we heard that a trouble happened to O'Sulevan after-
ward, which is more than we would wish ; for by your hand
if he had come to us, we would let him go to ye, though he were
guilty, as lie was not.
444 CAREW MSS.
icon.
" Touching Donoghe McCormocke, believe not any man
whatsoever (unless the Bishop [McCraghe] himself be in your
presence), that he would say we had not his consent and
counsel to carry Donoghe McConnocke with us to Ulster,
until he had sent his opinion and resolution unto us touching
the controversy betwixt Donoghe and Dermond McOwen.
And besides he would send us his advice what declaration or
order we should take betwixt those Clan-Carties of Dowalla.
" For whatsoever matter we undertook in presence of many
of the best of the Irislny in Ireland, it doth not beseem us to
leave it unfinished according to right, lest the controversy
should grow worse than it was before. Therefore AVC cannot
take so good order or end in the cause as we would until we
shall receive the full consent and counsel of our colleague the
said Lord Bishop. And admit that the said Lord Bishop
would not send the same unto us, we hope in God, before the
receipt of these letters, will arise* either in Ireland or England
as that we and ye must see one the other ; and we will then,
God willing, do what shall become us concerning that matter.
" Our own particular news to ye is, that ourself and all the
best of the North are ready together ; and the Queen's army
is at Loghfoyle, and some part of our people attending then),
and they have not much prevailed in strength as yet ; and
that a great part of the Queen's army are on all sides of us in
garrisons. And, if it be true, the Lord Deputy himself is pre-
paring to come to join with them against us. Now we are, in
the name of God, and all our people, in the beginning of our
meat, strength, and munition, ready to encounter them, and
we will do our best endeavour against them ; and we hope in
God that they shall never return in that case that they came.
" And so soon as the trouble of this country shall be past,
we will do our best to send Captain Tirrell and the greatest
number of people that we can to ye thither. And do ye, as it
becometh ye, and as we repose trust in ye, in the mean time,
heroical and stout acts.
" Commend us particularly to every of the best of the Clan-
carties, and require them all to help ye, and ye to help them
and yourself.
" From the borders of the field, the 20th of September 1GOO.' 1
Signed : O'Neale.
" Intercepted by the Lord President of Munster (Carew), by
him sent into England, translated out of Irish."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Sept. 24. 457. SIR EGBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VH. 6o, p. 36. Yon shall now receive the Earl of Desmond, so called here by
courtesy already, with his patent, but " her Majesty will see
* Sic.
ELIZABETH. 445
I GOO.
some imprest of other men's promises before she give plenary
satisfaction." You and I have made a great adventure to
press for a thing so subject to ill success, when most things
are judged by effect. Should you find cause to doubt him,
" never fear to lay hold of him, for therein we will never
blame you, but we will take it for a thing that was necessary
quonmm ipse. dixit." Before he be settled in his country, it
might be " tried whether those noblemen to whom he is allied
and principal persons who thirst for his restitution (being such
as are amenable to law), would not enter into such caution for
him as might indeed tie them ; it being strange to me to see
what cautions one rebel get of another, whereby they hold one
another, and to observe that the Queen is never the better by
any pledges she receiveth."
If he be settled in the Undertakers' lands, he will have a
fancy to encroach more and more. It would be better to
make his fortune out of the lands of his cousin, the titulary
Earl, and some other rebels, "because it may be harder work
for them to patch up one with another."
The young gentleman has " a mind easily raised, but pro-
fessing to be tied to honest grounds ; " and so I think lie is,
but " speiiceful " beyond measure. At first I hold it safest
that he lodge in your house. As for the charge this will put
you to, you will perceive by the Queen's letter I have found
means to make you your own paymaster ; for you have authority
to cash a company of 100, and to convert their pay towards
his maintenance. " Because I find some sycophants about the
Deputy apt to urge my partiality in all things that concern
you," I have procured her Majesty to inform him of this ar-
rangement. " If he were to live from you tomorrow next, her
Majesty would think 5001. by year an honorable pension for
him."
This [Archbishop of] Cashell is a most turbulent spirit. I
have been forced to content him, because I would not give
him occasion of any other dependency. " But in regard of the
fear he hatlj to displease me, I found cause to suspect, by
somewhat I heard, that he was apt enough to report that all
that was yet done was so used as it was like to prove to
nothing, for that the rebels, finding now that neither their
corn nor their cattle could be sure, have come in hand over
head unto you, and so save their goods, but are apt to go out
again when they list." I doubt not you can distinguish how
far those that come in are in your power. Seeing they can
bear the burden of maintaining forces for rebellion, surely
somewhat might be imposed on them towards her Majesty's
charge. "All persons of judgment, even the Queen herself,
attribute as much commendation as can be [to] any man for
all your proceedings hitherto." The underhand detractions of
envy will be stopped if the Queen's charges be lessened.
No succour will come from Spain, " for we are again soli-
cited for a treaty, which I am more hopeful of, because there is
446 CAREW MSS.
1600.
great appearance of wars between France and Spain, the
King of France still gaining upon Savoy, and the Duke
attending 6,000 Spaniards . . . under Count Fuentes to help
him, which should have come down into the Low Countries.
" For Florence MacCarty, if he could be made an honest
man, it were pity to lose him ; and I assure you to make him
an Earl of the Queen's gift. . . . She will easily be induced
if he seek it upon any good imprest of loyalty."
" There comes in the company of the young Earl a son of
John FitzEdmonds, on whom the Queen hath bestowed a
pension of 100 marks in reversion after his father. He hath
made suits : the one, to have some men to keep his castles ;
the other, to surrender all his lands, and to take them in
socage. For the first, for aught I see, he is rich enough and
ci-afty enough ; . . . therefore in that pretend you to have no
wan-ant ; for although I know he is wise, and hath kept a
good form, ... he might do more than he doth. But I have
used his son with kindness, and the rather because you know
how dear he is to a good friend of ours (Raleigh), who is in
Jersey. Besides he pretendeth to be much affected to this
Desmond, and I see his son much follow him. Amongst
which persons if any should be moved to give caution, it were
not amiss that old FitzEdmonds were wrapt into bonds for
him."
It is reported Derby O'Connor will return when Desmond
comes. He might have some lands of the late rebels' if he
will come, and a pension, " thereby to fester against them the
more ; for I protest I think he meant faithfully, though he
carried it fearfully and fondly." Seeing it fell out so, I never
acquainted anybody that you offered more money for James
MacThomas than you had warrant, for he is now reported to
be weak.
As I hold you " as dear as any living," excuse my remem-
brances in this letter, " because they are but vapours of my
restless thoughts." I have bestowed your goshawk upon
Mr. Chancellor (Fortescue ?). Remember the Lord Admiral
(Nottingham) and the Lord Treasurer (Buckhurst) with a
couple of rugs, or some uscough-baugh. My Lord of Thomond
has made suit to come over, which I wish not " until some
good effect might bring him hither." I write to him accord-
ingly. I have given the party that brought the hawks 7. for
his pains ; " yet he brought me my Lord of Thomond's
goshawk with her wing broken."
From the Court, 24 September 1600. Signed.
P.S. " My Lord Audley is arrived, whom I have used to
his content upon your recommendation, so as such discourse
as he hath had with the Queen he hath applied in your com-
mendation. But . . . you have held the position in former
times that the war of famine must end the rebellion. There
is no man now that cometh out of Ireland but reporteth that
victual is great plenty, and that most of these that are come in
ELIZABETH. 447
1600.
have saved themselves in their goods and corn by temporary
submissions. . . Save those that ai-e powerful rebels, . . the
other course of receiving in all freeholders had been better to
have been changed into severity to some for example ; except
they whom fear hath only brought in might have paid some price
by yielding somewhat towards the payment of her Majesty's
forces, that we might feel an abatement of some numbers of
the foot. . . For either it will be said that this which is done
is nothing in substance, but blaze and shadow of victory, or
else there would be fewer numbers, especially until the next
spring, maintained ; whei'eof there hath risen here much dis-
pute, why the last 600 should be sent over. ... I must
refer things to your discretion, of whose society and conference
I feel no small privation. . . .
" Many would wish this young Earl planted in some houses
and lands that were his father's. . . I should be thereof very
jealous. I would rather think it a good policy, if that knave
Florence be gone into Spain, to give him some of his lands and
castles, for the recovery whereof it is like enough the country
may assist him better than they will do the Queen. And I
am informed that such is the nature of that country, as those
passages being kept, it would prove defensible against great
forces. . . There hath been ancient malice between Florence
his ancestors and his. Next, . . the Lord Maurice of Lixnay
being dead, his son is a vile and ill-natured fellow, whose
possessions are fair, and might be a good gift for this young
Earl hereafter ; only peradventure it will be objected that he
hath married my Lord of Thomond's sister ; which matters
of kindred I do not so much respect, for I see that my Lord
of Thomond hath been a good subject, and he a rebel. . . .
" Here hath been many propositions who should go with
this young Earl ; wherein my care hath been that no such
man should be employed as should return with a spirit of
detraction from that which you deserve. Sir Thomas Will-
ford refused it ; and here were some that would have employed
p f b v o y y (Wilmott ?), of whom you know whether I had
not reason to be jealous in your behalf. At the last I bethought
me of a valiant, honest man, Captain Price, to whom I pray
you give good usage, for he hath no design but to perform the
Queen's commandment and return as soon as he can. I have
been a means to recommend the brother of Patrick Crosby to
be Bishop of Kerry, who is one, you know, that deserveth
favour. They say he is another manner of man than Sir
Walter Rawleigh's last silly priest." Signed.
PPS. "Although ... I suspected the poor Bishop of
Cashell to have Imen a detractor of the course of taking in
rebels, ... I have done him wrong, for I find it now to come
from another spring and not from the poor man, to whom I
pray you confirm the allowances to him ; and if there be not
such a northerly warrant come from the Deputy, about his
pension, then pay it him by ooncoi datum. . . There \v;is
448 CAREW MSS.
1600.
order given to the Treasurer (Gary) now when the last
treasure went over, to see you satisfied with some treasure."
Pp. G. Endorsed.
Sept. 2k 458. [SiR R. CECIL] to [JAMES] FITZEDMONDS.
Vol. 604, p. 252. I have long believed in your constant affection to her
Majesty's service by the testimony of Sir "Walter Rawleigh,
whose judgment I hold great as his person dear." I have con-
ferred with your son, and taken good liking of his sufficiency.
I may not have contented him in his suits, for I have not
contented myself; but "now when it was not ordinary to
despatch any private suitors/' her Majesty has granted the
pension. As for your lands, suggestions were made, "that
under colour of surrender you meant to countenance at least
some encroachment." As for the allotment of warders, nothing
more weakens the army, and the President (Carew) is charged
to avoid the same, unless any of your castles " do stand for her
Majesty's service."
" Such is your reputation for wisdom and ability in that
province, as though no man can speak so absurdly as not to
yield you the commendation of many dutiful endeavours,
yet must it be somewhat more which you shall do than
hitherto you have done, before all men confess that you do
all you might do. Verbum sapienti sat est. I pray you
therefore . . let it appear . . that at this time you do
extraordinarily co-operate with her Majesty's ministers to
make this restitution of this young Earl (to whose house you
have been a friend) glorious and safe for the Queen. . . If
I have any jot of credit or shall keep any in this State, I
w r ill make it us meritorious to you as any labour that ever
you bestowed. In the nobleman. I note wit, goodnature, and
disposition to stand upon honest grounds ; but, Sir, now is
the time for the bad to practise upon him. . . I am resolved
never to trust man of that nation if he once deceive me ;
yet shall I be more confident if you be a watchman over
those temptations by which young heads (who think they
have nothing if they have not all) will go about to draw him
as much as may be to undervalue her Majesty's benefits
because she proceedeth with him by degrees, and, as all wi>e
princes do, with caution and reservation. To conclude, Sir :
You have there a President in whom her Majesty reposeth
highest trust. He is to you in particular well affected ; . .
lie is my inward friend."
Copy. Pp.4t. Endorsed: 1600, Sept. 2-t. Copy of my
master's letter to Mr. FitzEdmonds."
[Sept, ?] 459. PETITION of MORISII SHIGHAXE, of CORK, to the PKIVY
Vol. G 1 5, p. i ST. COUNCIL.
Gerrott, late Earl of Desmond, in consideration of 14G/.
ster., demised to your suppliant the manors of Carestowne
ELIZABETH. 449
1600.
alias Ballengarry and Carrigroghane, with a parcel of land
called the Ryenes, in co. Cork, for 31 years, at the yearly rent
of ]OZ. ster., by deed dated 12 June 1578. But in November
1581 Sir Warhame Sentleger, by his attorney Christopher
Sampson, expulsed your suppliant's tenants out of the said
lands. He made complaints to Sir John Perrott, then Lord
Deputy, and other governors, and the cause was referred to
Sir Henry Wallop and Sir Valentine Browne, who promised
that he should be paid the said sum of 140?., or be recompensed
with other lands in co. Limerick, as by their certificates to
Thomas Wiseman may appear ; yet your suppliant has
received no redress or recompense. He prays you to direct
the Lord President (Carew) to consider his cause.
In the beginning of these late troubles the rebel James Fitz
Thomas spoiled him of his goods and burned his houses. He
was forced to abandon his dwelling in the country and remove
with his family and such of his cattle 1 as were left to the city
of Cork, where he was robbed, within the liberties, of all his
cattle, viz., 162 cows, 140 sheep, and a number of mares by
the waged servants and followers of Cormock McDermody,
Esquire, for which he has long made suit before the late
deceased Lord President (Norris) and the now Lord President
(Carew) ; yet he can have no satisfaction, " by reason the said
Cormock (being for some contempt under arrest by command-
ment of the Lord President in the gentleman porter's ward)
fraudulently made an escape out of the south gate of the said
city," and his son, who was pledge for his loyalty, escaped out
of the north gate, but was retaken. As Cormock comes in
only on protection or my Lord President's word, and he and
his servants have great store of cattle within 16 miles of Cork,
may it please you to authorize Captain William Power to take
distresses of them, " countervailing so much as they wrongfully
took."
Your suppliant let to farm the castle and lands of Rathmore
in co. Limerick for seven years (which expired in May last) to
James Oge Leo, who joined the rebels, but was dispossessed of
the castle by James FitzThomas, who placed therein one Teig
O'Breyn, a rebel, who abandoned it on the approach of the
Lord President. As the said James [FitzThomas?] has a
deadly hatred against him, your suppliant prays that he may
have entertainment for five horsemen and ten footmen, to
guard his said castle. Thus " your Honours shall do a deed of
much charity, wherein you shall not only find my dutiful ser-
vice in continual prayer for you, but also my Lord and
master, in what he may, to be humbly thankful unto your
Lordships."
Pp. 3. Endorsed.
Sept. 27. 460. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 189. We send you the petition of Moris Shigan. Take order for
his satisfaction in his complaints, " that by the recovery of his
3 F F
3 6
450 CAREVV MSS.
1600.
losses he may be the better enabled to live, and encouraged
to employ himself the more earnestly in the service of her
Majesty." But as her Majesty's charge is excessive, he must
" use his own best means for the defence of his castle."
Oatlands, 27 September 1600. Signed and sealed.
P. 1 . Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt 2, p. 31. 2. Copy.
Sept. 27. 461. GEORGE CAREY LORD HUNSDON, Lord Chamberlain, to
Vol. 6i5, p. 215. SIR GEORGE CAREW.
" Yours of the last of August I received, . . . whereby I
found your love and kindness testified to myself, and, by
sundry other your letters to the Council, your well-directed
course of shortening the wars in Munster, performing exploits
which savoured no less of wit than of valour. ... A better
course ... I have not known any man in that country to
have taken, and can only say that your continuance in that
course will give light to others how to proceed, and be a means
to return you amongst us. ...
" Your change of the government into a better form will no
doubt terrify the Spaniards from seeking to possess a country,
wherein they shall find their entrance disturbed and their
friends defeated."
If the rest of the Irish nobility had followed the example of
" my noble friend the Earl of Thomonde," her Majesty's
expenses and losses had never been as they are and will be.
" His service hath proceeded out of a true nobleness of mind,
and from no great encouragement received from hence."
Oatlands, 27 September 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 34. 2. Copy.
Sept. 28. 462. SIR EGBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 34. I could not dissuade her Majesty from deferring to sign
Desmond's patent. She was determined to see something
effected first; "laying before me what a scorn she should
receive if she should effect nothing, and then Tyrone might
laugh at her double, as he hath done already at the coming
in of Sir Arthur O'Neale, whom he calleth ' Queen Elizabeth's
Earl, that cannot command 100 kerne.' " She thinks he
will not be followed unless the Undertakers' land[s] be given
him.
If all rebels be taken in, they will be good subjects no longer
than the sword hangs over them. Some freeholders should
not be taken in with pardon of lands, but left out, if their
countries be good and lie in no remote places ; as Pierce Lacy,
whom her Majesty would have made an example except he
do some meritorious act ; O'Callahan, who has a country near
Mallo, "which they say were fit to be adjoined, and not
ELIZABETH. 451
1600.
parted ;" Chellishe, an old follower of Desmond's, who was a
principal practiser to rescue James McThomas ; but above all
FitzMoris of Lyxna, that married the Earl of Thomond's
sister, who has goodly possessions, " and were an excellent
place to seat Desmond." Dermott O'Connor will probably
come back, " to the which truly he would be invited ;" but
he will look for pay for all his men. " His own person might
be maintained and some band of foot in the Queen's pay, and
the rest authorized to live upon the rebel's country, as they
were by the rebel upon the subject."
I have no doubt the Queen intends to make him (Desmond)
Earl. " She doth but attend some signal fruit by his sending
over ; which once being done, upon your next advertisement,
you shall see how fast she will come on." But I fear this
delay will work doubtfulness in the Earl's friends. Almost
an impossibility is imposed upon you ; " you must use him
with caution that he do not escape, and yet give him such
reputation as they may not be jealous that he shall never be
other, when a turn is served, than a petty companion." Have
some " confident persons " in his company, lest stratagem be
used to take him in some parley, for the State here would
think it a plot. " Set your wits together what habitation to
fashion for him ; for I assure myself, if he have not other
means found but to have those things passed to the Under-
takers, that his knaves that follow him will still urge him to
weary them out." The only way is to give him some other
great rebel's lands, that there may always be feud between
them.
If Florence be gone, he is gone for aid from Spain, and will
land them in the West Seas, not far from O'Sulyvan Moore's
country, of whom I hear not what is become since he was
carried to Tyrone.
" You may take some good colour to have some extraordi-
nary care over that young Earl's person (though, in my
conscience, I doubt him not), because you hear of some devices
to steal him away against his will."
Oatlands, 28 September 1600. Signed.
P.S. I send you a copy of my letter to the Lord Barry in
answer to his suits.
Pp. 3. Addressed. Endorsed.
Sept. 29. 463. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 31. - "Although I never did impart unto the Queen that you
did ever yield to receive James Garret upon other terms than
with an apparent record of his title, to be showed to that
generation of incredulity, so as it proceedeth out of her
Majesty's own absolute will (who will not be won but with
strange degrees), yet I will hope that you will make some
good use of him. . . . Seeing it may be doubted how it will
succeed, we may say, if our counsel had been followed, the
success would have been greater ; and so her Majesty shall
F F 2
452 CAREW MSS.
1600.
not have advantage over us. ... I pray you therefore
write to me in this sort, that you will not presume to say to
your Sovereign what may be the reason of this manner of
sending him, because her Majesty will have it so ; to whose
divine and piercing judgment you will subscribe ; but you
cannot be so dull as not to be bold to sa,y to me that you
cannot discover yet the mystery of this proceeding, which is
the highway to overthrow the service, and to you an utter
disabling of ever prospering there. . . . We send you a
gentleman whose credit must draw followers, and neither do
we give him anything whereby to invite them, but shorten
that which hath been ever promised the matter of the title,
which is nothing when it is given, and ... is immediately
extinguished if it be not deserved. Besides, you never desired
to have him possessed of it, but only to have it yourself in
keeping, that they might have seen how far the Queen had
gone. You may therein desire that the Queen will distinguish
what it is to deal with such as are bound by no religion nor
honesty to her ; nay, rather bound by their wicked religion
to disobey her. You may also lay down how great a triumph
this will be to all McToinas' party ; how it will be urged that
you are an impostor ; . . . that you could never have imagined,
if her Majesty knew all the circumstances, . . . she would
not in this degree have assented, though but to have gained
one good castle or rebel ; nothing being more grafted into
their hearts than that indeed her Majesty loves not to raise
any of them.
" I hope this will draw on the grant. . . . God knoweth
I labour like a pack-horse ; and know that, if success be
nought, it will be scorn to me. And now that I see how
troublesome it is to work things as they should be, I vow to
God I wish you out of that country, and myself a plowman,
rather than to contemplate the vexation which that kingdom
will bring upon us. ...
" I think it good that you do plainly tell Desmond, for so
did I, that though you know how sure it is that the Queen
will do it, yet that you do see, if nothing be done (now he is
come), that it will be long or never, so as it were good for
him ... to send for them and to them that are his friends,
and to desire them to do somewhat, lest the Queen should
repent. . . . He might do well to feign himself sick, and so
not go abroad, saying, if anything were done for him, he
knoweth the patent would be sent. . . . By this you shall
see some of their humours. ... If you discover plainly that
nothing will be done there, and that her Majesty will not
upon your letter proceed to give him a patent (though other
matters stay), truly I would even send him fair back again.
For, by God ! though her Majesty be in the fault of her own
service, yet she will be apt to tax us if such a thing happen ;
which, if he live in your house, may be best provided for. . . .
The change was strange, for I protest to God the patent was
ready, and the pen brought to sign it. ...
ELIZABETH. 453
1600.
" The Archb[ishop], who I thought (as you find) should
have come over, will not now come except the patent be sent,
which he desires only as we have moved it, and not to be
absolutely delivered, because he hath promised it, and knoweth
the suspense will breed a thousand jealousies. Now, Sir, he
shall stay, and it may be told Desmond that he shall bring it.
... I will make the Bishop believe that I know that the
first good advertisement which comes hither will make it be
sent ; and ... I am sure he will write it. ...
" My zeal to the Queen's service, and my assurance that all
of evil success shall be laid on me, though I be innocent,
makes me handle these points to and fro. ... If these obser-
vations may further opportunities, I shall be glad, and more
glad than of 500?. land. When you write by Price, return
this."
Dated at the beginning, "29th of September 1600."
Holograph. Pp. 6. Endorsed by Cecil, " My 3rd letter ;"
and by Careiv, "Mr. Secretary, 29 Sept. 1600."
Sept. 29. 464. SIR G. CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 31. Since my last I have written to Mr. Secretary (Cecil).
" The archtraitor, the usurping Desmond . . (not having any
man of quality in actual rebellion to assist him but Thomas
FitzMorys, son and heir to the late Baron of Lixnawe, his
brother John of Desmond, Piers Lacy, and the Knight of the
Valley), is fled out of Munster ; and these his associates are
dispersed in small companies and are no better than wood-
kerne. So as, Florence McCarty excepted (who hath .all this
time temporised to see the event of this summer's prosecu-
tion), there is no man of estimation either in open rebellion
or likely to maintain the same ; . . and he . . doth intercesse
me with letters, upon warrant of safety, to come unto me,
professing that his intentions are no other but to remain a
dutiful subject, capitulating neither for title or aught else but
. . his life, living, and liberty. Every day I expect his
coming. . .
" This flight of Desmond's doth externally promise a pre-
sent reduction of Munster, and whereof in a short time I am
not hopeless. . . His associates, . . whereof some of them
were never in actual rebellion, and others now come in and
seeming to forsake him, . . have advised him, partly for
his safety (but especially to try his friends abroad, what force
he may raise either of Connaught men or from Tyrone), to
depart from hence, with confident promises that whensoever
he shall be able to return with new aids, that then they will
declare themselves again as heretofore. This I know to be
true by some of those that were at their council ; but my
hope is that the comforts which he shall receive in this negotia-
tion will demonstrate his weakness so much as that his partakers
for ever hereafter will abandon him. For Connaught men have
already been so wearied since my coming hither into this pro-
3 6 *
454 CAREW MSS.
1600.
vince, and left so many of their heads behind them, as they will
not be induced to return-where nothing but danger and misery
is represented unto them. And I make no doubt but the
Lord Deputy doth so well busy the traitors in Leinster and
Ulster, as from thence he shall receive no aids. But admit
he did, yet notwithstanding I am out of doubt to make
them repent it, and to pray my passport, as they did this last
summer, being then no less than 2,500 in list/'
Hereof I inform you not because I conceive any danger of
the forces he can procure, for the more they are the greater
will be their misery by reason of famine, "but only to
intimate unto you the cankered malicious hearts which these
people bear unto her sacred Majesty and our nation, not re-
specting their own ruin nor the loss of their own pledges, so
as they may continue the action, hoping thereby at the last,
that her Majesty will grow weary of the extreme charges she
is now at, and . . give them their own conditions and
liberty of religion. In the which (albeit they be not trou-
bled), they are not satisfied without the open exercise of the
same under the Romish authority, which they strive to have
supreme. This is not only plotted amongst the rebels, but
amongst those whom we term best subjects, as well abroad
in the countries, as at home in corporate towns and elsewhere ;
and for this cause only are the rebels by all sorts of people
relieved, making it a conscience not to assist* them, and
thinking themselves damned if they should incur excommu-
nication. For proof whereof I am informed that some of
great quality in these parts (whom for some especial respects
I do yet forbear to nominate to your Lordships, because if
any knowledge thereof were had, it would greatly prejudice
the service) have lately despatched priests to Rome, to obtain
absolution from the Pope for not entering into open hostility
as the rest ; and because they see the Queen cannot be
beaten out of Ireland, do likewise pray a dispensation from
overt action, but yet to live firmly in the Catholic religion,
and to be permitted in outward temporal obedience to
remain her Majesty's subjects. Whereof if they be denied,
how they will decree to endure the thundering censures of
that diabolical Church is to be doubted ; and so consequently
the best reputed subjects amongst them in my opinion are
to be held doubtful This is the root and immediate cause
of the beginning and continuance of this rebellion in these
parts ; and were it not for this, ere May Day next I would
not doubt, by God's assistance, in despite of Desmond and
all the forces that he can get, to settle Munster in as good
quiet as Middlesex. By the end of the next month it will
appear what aids he can procure."
Cork, 29 September 1600.
"Sent by Mr. Smythe."
Copy. Pp. 2.
* Sic.
ELIZABETH. 455
1600.
Sept. 29. 465. The ARMY at LOUGH FOYLE.
Vol. 632, p. 210. Instructions to Captain Humfrey Covert, sent to Lough
Foile as comptroller-general of the musters and sur-
veyor-general of victuals there, 29 Sept. 1600.
Whereas 4,000 foot and 200 horse -were sent to Lough
Foile about March last under Sir Henry Docwra, chief colonel,
of which 1,000 foot and 100 horse were to be sent to Ballis-
hannon, and no perfect certificate has been sent of the musters
by the three commissaries there, the Queen has made choice
of you to be sent thither to take a muster of the companies
there, "with an allowance of 20s. per diem.
General instructions how to take the musters, with autho-
rity to remove any of the commissaries who have neglected
their duty through corruption or otherwise. Any soldier
answering by a wrong name to be imprisoned ; as also any
clerk delivering false rolls.
As the Irish that serve are but " passe-volants " taken in to
show themselves at the musters and fill up the numbers,
examine the clerks of the bands and the captains whether
they do actual service, and how long they have been in the
bands.
Visit those that are by sickness said to be absent. Such as
are maimed and utterly unable to serve to be sent away with
the next passage. Care to be had of those of whose recovery
there is little or no hope, who are not to be sent into England,
for, if they recover, " they do prove by experience soldiers
best able to serve her Majesty/'
The soldier is paid part in lendings and part in apparel,
and has victual allowed him out of his lendings. Inquire
whether the victuals are delivered orderly and duly to him.
Call the commissaries of victuals to account ; we are informed
they have not had due regard for the keeping and for the
delivery of good and wholesome victuals.
" There was likewise provision made of beverage both of
sack, liquorish, and aniseeds, whereof the commissary of the
victuals had charge ;" also of bedding, drugs, and other
necessaries for hospitals, and of sundry utensils, " as carpenters'
tools, axes, and other implements to dress their meat withal,
and for other necessary uses ;" of all which you shall demand
an account, being very careful to find all the abuses that
have been committed to defraud her Majesty and the soldier,
who (if our information be true) is divers ways by the captain
and his officers evil entreated and defrauded.
The captains are said to receive the victuals from the com-
missaries by our weight at 16 oz. to the pound, and to deliver
the same to the soldiers at 12 oz. more or less, under colour
that dividing those victuals doth cast some small loss upon
them.
Part of the soldier's lendings is kept back for drinking
money, which notwithstanding is not allowed to him.
456 CAREW MSS.
icoo.
You are to examine and advertise all similar abuses without
partiality ; for if you, who are specially trusted, shall be found
to have winked at any abuse, you shall be thought utterly
unworthy of any credit or employment hereafter, and besides
incur exemplary punishment.
" Whereas her Majesty doth allow six dead pays in every
band, to increase the entertainment of some gentlemen or
other of better sort and desert than the rest, you shall inform
yourself how those dead pays are employed to the use, or
converted to their private gain.'*
Certify how many captains are absent and for what time ;
and how many of their officers are absent. Cause their enter-
tainment to be stayed with the Treasurer until her Majesty be
informed of the time and cause of their absence.
As these men have " lyed " there all this summer, call upon
the colonel to see that the captains train their soldiers, " so as
they may be disciplined and taught to use their weapons and
exercise therein for their better experience and health, for we
do hear that many of them, through very idleness, do fall into
sundry diseases."
The 700 soldiers lately sent thither under Captain Avery
Yorke received their full suits of winter apparel here.
Take a view and muster of the mere Irish bands under Sir
Arthur O'Neil and others that are come to do her Majesty
service.
You are to continue there until you hear further from us,
and to make a perfect report, certifying how many soldiers
have been discharged, how many ran away, &c.
Copy. Pp. 14.
Sept 30. 466. The PRIVY COUNCIL to LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY.
Vol. 615, p. 181. We have written to the Lord President of Munster (Carew)
in behalf of the Archbishop of Cashell, signifying in what
sort the Queen would have him relieved, " to make him able
to live in that province in some reasonable manner."
" The said Archbishop and his three sons, Terence, Redmond,
and Barnaby, being prisoners with the rebels, did consent and
procure their friends to give a ransom of money and other
commodities of great value to the traitors, and to use many
other means with them for their liberty, being not lawful for
them to do without authority." But as this was done without
malice to the State, her Majesty is pleased that a pardon under
the Great Seal shall be granted to him and his sons, and to
his brother, Myell Magragh, who was a dealer for their ransom.
His suit for pardon to his friends, tenants, and followers, who
by constraint adhered to the rebels, we refer to you.
He has informed us that the rebels maliciously broke the
Great Seal from certain writings of liberties, &c. granted by
divers of her Majesty's progenitors to the Archbishops of
Cashell. The Queen's pleasure is that all such liberties, &c.
ELIZABETH. 457
1600.
shall be renewed and confirmed under the Great Seal of that
realm.
Oatlands, 30 September 1600.
P.S. " The reason which moveth us to assent to his suit
for his friends' pardon is only in regard of such as he hath
been constrained to use about the practice of Desmonde and
his own enlargement."
" Signed by the Lord Keeper, Lord Treasurer, Lord Admiral,
Lord Chamberlain, Mr. Comptroller, Mr. Secretary Cecill, and
Mr. Secretary Harbert."
Copy, " ex. per Th. Smith." Pp. 2.
Sept. 30. 467. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 183. r fhe Archbishop of Cashell has long made earnest suit here
to her Majesty. Her pleasure is that he and his tenants, who
fled for fear of the rebels, be restored to all castles and lands
which they were possessed of before the last rebellion in
Munster, notwithstanding any title pretended by the detainers
thereof. No pardon or concordatum is to be granted whereby
the Archbishop would be deprived of the recovery of his
goods.
" As often as the said Archbishop shall prove his rents,
debts, duties, proxies, or tithes to be unjustly detained from
him either by her Majesty's farmers of any ecclesiastical
livings, or by any other person or persons whatsoever, he
shall have, by your Lordship's order and direction, the assistance
of all such magistrates to whom it may appertain, to procure
him right and satisfaction therein.
" Furthermore, whereas the said Archbishop complaineth
that the mayor and inhabitants of Waterford do not pay unto
him, being their Ordinary, such ecclesiastical duties as to him
appertain, nor answer his jurisdiction, according to her Ma-
jesty's laws, we do pray and require you to let him have your
best assistance for recovery of the said duties, and for
maintenance of his jurisdiction, and for redress of the back-
wardness of such persons as shall be found faulty therein."
As some of his tenants and followers, who have by constraint
adhered to the rebels, desire to submit if they may obtain
pardon, you are to grant him warrant to give them safeconduct
to repair to himself or to you.
Lastly, you are not to suffer the Archbishop, his sons, or
his brother to be troubled upon any man's evil practice or
information, except upon just and great cause.
Oatlands, 30 September 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 32. 2. Copy.
Sept. 30. 468. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 185. " Though we do well enough know the evil disposition of
the Irish people in most places of that kingdom, and especially
458 CAREW MSS.
1600.
of the inhabitants of Waterford, in matter of religion, and
her Majesty hath been pleased in that behalf to hold a very
remiss and favourable hand over them, because they should not
serve themselves with pretence of any matter of conscience to
fall from their duty and obedience to her Majesty ; yet we
have had no doubt or distrust of any such presumption and
insolency as by the Archbishop of Cashell and others we are
informed they are grown unto ; who avoweth unto us that in
Waterford there are certain buildings erected under colour
and pretence of almshouses or hospitals, but that the same
are in very deed intended and publicly professed to be used
for monasteries and such like houses of religion, and that
friars and popish priests are openly received and maintained
in them, even such as do not deny to have recourse unto Spain
and unto the chief rebel Tyrone ordinarily, insomuch as they
publicly seek to seduce her Majesty's subjects from their alle-
giance, and exercise their service of the mass openly and
usually in many places, as if they were in no awe or fear of
any exception to be taken thereunto.
"Of which things (if we have been well informed) we
cannot but think it very necessary that a more watchful eye
and a straighter band of authority be kept over them. For
as we do well consider that it is as yet inconvenient to take
any sudden or sharp course for reformation (in such sort as
were to be wished) of their blind superstition, being with
strong head so generally carried away witli opinion of con-
science ; so we must put a great difference betwixt the secret
exercise of their religion and practice of treason under colour
of religion.
" And therefore, though we do not think it convenient that
any extraordinary course be taken, or any disturbance made
to inquire after or to punish them for their masses or any
other their popish superstitions (unless they show thereby
openly to the world an insolent contempt of her Majesty's
authority), yet, on the other side, it is not to be suffered that
such persons should go unpunished as are known to be prac-
tisers for the King of Spain or for the rebel. . . .
" But forasmuch as the practice of their popish superstition is
so mingled or joined as it is with the practice of treason, herein
is the point of your discretion and wisdom to be showed by
just execution of the law upon the offenders in treason, without
any inconvenient disturbance for matter of religion ; wherein
as it hath been thought best hitherto by a temperate remissness
to yield to the time, so the same course may continue ; save
only where you shall find such open insolency or over-bold
liberty as shall necessarily require restraint or punishment ;
wherein we can prescribe you no other rule than your own
judgment and discretion.
"And whereas by occasion of the trade of merchandise
which the Irish have with Spain, and is tolerated by her
Majesty, there be divers persons that do pass betwixt Spain
and Ireland that do serve for intelligence to and from the
ELIZABETH. 459
1600.
rebels ; as all such persons are to be diligently inquired
after, and to be apprehended and punished for their treasons
according to law, so ... the owners of all ships " shall give
bonds not to transport any persons to or from Spain " but
such as go for merchandise." Such bonds to be duly taken to
her Majesty's use, and not neglected as is commonly the case.
You must use herein the assist;tnce of some others that are
in authority in that province, but have regard that they be
of good judgment and discretion.
Oatlands, 30 September 1 600.
Signed : Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, C. S., T. Buchurst,
Notingham, G. Hunsdon, Ro. Cecyll.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt 2, p. 33. 2. Copy.
Sept. 30. 469. [SiR ROBERT CECIL] to LORD BARRY.
Vol. 604, p. 240. " I have been solicited by your letters and by your son
(who is now in perfect health, I thank God) in divers suits
which you have propounded, with all which I have acquainted
her Majesty, whereupon I have received this answer, that she
hath well accepted of your faithful endeavours in this time
of so great and monstrous a defection in others, whereof her
President (Carew) hath from time to time advertised her ;
and when she shall see any fruit of the extreme charge
whereunto she hath been put, she resolveth to make the
difference known between the corn and the chaff. In the
mean time her Majesty saith that she hath been pleased to
give you the charge of a band, which, though it be not that
whereof you are worthy, yet she is not so ill informed of
the state of that country but that she can well concave
that there is never a nobleman, who is lord of a country,
and hath followers, to whom a hundred foot in her Majesty's
pay is not of greater use than the best pension she hath
ever given in Ireland.
" And therefore, my Lord, for answer to your demands of
land belonging to James FitzThomas, . . it is such news to
her Majesty to hear that she hath anything to give in that
province (Munster) where she inaintaineth so great numbers,
as she intendeth to suspend the satisfaction of any man in
that point until she may be informed what it is she parteth
withal ; a course which she prescribeth to herself out of no
indisposition towards your Lordship or many others of good
quality and merit that are suitors, but only because she
taketh it a little too soon to be moved before she know how
titles depend. . .
" For the captainry of your Lordship's country, as other
lords enjoy any authority from the Queen, her Majesty
meaneth to deal with your Lordship as well as with any of
your rank ; wherein I could have wished you had moved
460 CAREW MSS.
1600.
the President to hav reooHBMMiod it, because I know not
in what sort to demand it I pray you therefore acquaint
him with yoor desire in that point, thai he may recommend
the same particularly, as be did for the company and the
land : and then shall your Lordship to them both receive a
direct answer."
Copy. Pp. JZWorW : 1600, 30 SepL O>py of my
master* letter to the Lord Barry.*
Oct. 1. 470. The QCEES* to [SiR GEORGE CARKW],
VoL M, pi. 29%. ** We have now at the last resolved to seud over James
FitxGerald into Munster, after long debate with ourself what
auMiialii might follow thereupon." There might be many
doubts to what he may be inveigled in times to come, but we
trust in his good nature and disposition to gratefulness. We
send him over by Captain Pryce, who is to deliver him safely
into JTWT bands. Though * we know the keeping of him in
any state of a prisoner would wholly overthrow the work,"
yet e< we shall never disallow it if you in your discretion find
it necessary at any time that you do abridge him of any
liberty or any favour now afforded him." 1
* For his maintenance during his abode there, there are but
two ways. The one to bestow lands upon him with an habi-
tation, the other to maintain him out of our own purse with a
pension. In the first there must be time to consider when to
seat him. For the second, because it is a thing that must be
done, and that be must be maintained with a convenient
attend MICE, that they may not scorn him : and that he hath
one or two sisters, whom we bad rather should depend upon
himself than be matched with any other that were ill affected
(whereof many there be that would be gfakd to fortify them-
selves by them), we do hereby give you order to peruse the
numbers you have, and where you find any unprofitable
captain that hath a weak band, that yon do presently cashier
the BUM, and to employ part of that charge which was for-
merly bestowed on that band towards the maintenance of
him and his, as you shall see requisite, without further
charging us."
"Because we know the country will think him unlikely to
stead them that shall follow him, if they be not assured that
he shall have the title (which is a matter they do so much
affect to follow), we have herewith sent yon a patent of his
fM*dom to the intent that yon may assure all that are diffi-
dent of our performance. And yet we can be content they
* Describe* JB the tMe rfcartrate si. ifce li i j-iMJag, f M&. H, "
of letter * Mr. Ti n lUarj the Lrvi Bury." TMs tUe rf counts k
the hnifoMeflfCm^ dots. SUMS the i IIMMIBI i ! tfc*MS.t
f Mr. SetMUnj Ctotj fcb fetters, left fcnt, to tibe
f
ELIZABETH, Af'A
1600.
plaun Jy do understood also, that if they fluull not actually aad
ab*ta/jti*Jly perform those serriwsi wttea awy deserve Um
extraordinary elemeuey, sad give MI owe to eeatuwafttte the
reft, we both can and will quickly recall all thai M hitherto
performed. For wbieh purpose we k hereby eonunaad you
to advertise tw what i* effected for him by tb* dtauaifnUive
aet of oars, arid then to receive our pleasure before the patexit
be delivered oat of yoar hands ; although for the present yoa
may let it be *howed to any sueb ptrsaai a you ibaJJ ee
eame to asare by view of tLe *&." We an ecieied i/>
raise U*e ou of tLai father tliai had eonmuttod
b F^/rawiracij a we do bold it eMnreaioxt thai the An > 4iHdbof
of Cahell boald not be ia any ort kepi ia extreaiity, we
woaM l*are you eoorert 10 dead pays of foot tc kk me,
parcel of thai 100 which i a^^intfed to be ca*L*ered for tike
maiutenaaee of James FifcsGrerald; whereia fikewae we
idil hareeoovdetatioa held of Poore, aad (owe ieaartaaaee
for the wife of Dermot O'Conaor. All thee aUowaaexs to be
borne by the eaabmg of thai eompaay. . . We have Hcewiae
given order to the Itepoty to make aa aUowaaee of b. a
week to the Arefcbt*faop ia aaiore of dead pay to prcjdbgna,
ia lien whereof he aay atay the pencioa of *otoe other who
k not K> aeicoiiry to be prorided for.
" Haring now iMMpntfH to do thai which you hare adrued,
we leave it to be ordered aceordiagfy by your dkeretaoa. . .
The Etthop ki not unfit to freqwat the yeng gntieataa ; aad
therefore thai credit which M fit let hun have, aad lei yoar
'tfyf Ol JU0 XBOSflCFCtJiC^DSL
proof of bis zeal exeoae other of
OatelaAdeB, 1 October 1600.
8<sp&d by tLe fyjuee* at t&e IjeytnvtiHg, and by Cecil at ike
evuL
Cvpy- Pp-3~
Oct. 1. 47L BIK ROBOT CKIL to Sue GEOKCZ Cutzw.
If you shall not remember where I dwefl, this desf*ieh
[of 29 Sept] will tonseai you, because it is iaeertaiataes with
imbroderies, boi rather thaa I would hare takea all this
pains, aad you not hare been acquainted with all our altera-
tion*, I lanughf good to scad you all the saase erea rapUm
as I wrote them. . .
"The report of the Bishop's (Ajrhlssfcop of Casfcel) am-
testaikn to the lords beiag relaied to the Qweawas the oaljr
rnotire that leouteied th patent. He desires to be the
carrier, aad the young Earl beag departed out of London
aad without it, I banre eoaoutted it to his hand* ; for now it
is sealed with the Great Seal . .
" Now this is done, the Qnrrn wifl not pay any great ssaas
for James MeThoata*, aad therefore now atust his friend*
know they ssost work, or else phualy sbt win rerofce hism.
462 CAREW MSS.
1600.
Sir, I think Castle-Maine would be a very acceptable pleasure
to her, and an argument that might be used to the world that
the Queen gets somewhat by him good for herself as well as
for him. . . He must live frugally, and within the compass
of 500. yearly till he be seated and lands given him, which
must be recovered. . . Tell him that he may tell his fol-
lowers what he thinks good, but that you have but 500Z.
allotted, and that if he consider well, it is a fair pension. He
may be also told that he shall come over when he hath done
any good and marry in England, whither it seems he longeth
to return. . . He will never much like an Irish life, for he
is tender and sickly, but time will show. In any case place
well-affected persons about him. . .
" Remember good pledges upon the White Knight whilst
things are prospering well, for it is said you will be cozened
by him at last. You cannot please the Queen better than
that some of the principal knaves of name be hanged. It is
said that Cahir can deliver Dr. Cragh when he list. It were
well tried to impose it upon him, not as the doer, but under-
hand, for he can do it with a wet finger, and it will make him
irreconcileable. Let Dermot's wife have some maintenance,
and content the Archbishop (of Cashel) with good words, for
he doth speak very well of you, whatsoever he thinks, and in
this matter of Desmond may be surely trusted. God send it
well, and some act to purpose to follow that may visibly stop
the mouths of those that here laugh at it, because it is our
plot. I shall never end but that my sleep surpriseth me, and
therefore bear with this rhapsody."
From the Court, 1st October 1600.
Holograph. Pp. 3. Endorsed.
Oct. 472. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 604, p. so. This bearer, Patrick Crosby, . . loves you, and is wise
and willing to do service. I send him even purposely to
bring me some news from you upon Desmond's arrival, that
he may let me know how the world goeth, which by a letter
cannot so well be understood. I know he will farther all
good courses about Desmond, and be vigilant for you over
those that would seek to pervert him. In his [Desmond's ?]
prodigality be round with him, and let him know how straight
charge you have received."
P. 1. Addressed and sealed. Endorsed: Received 18 Oc-
tober 1600.
Oct. 3. 473. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 42. " This gentleman's haste and my present business will not
suffer me to svrite unto you at this time so much as I desire, but
. refer the relation of our news unto this bearer, who hath
ELIZABETH. 453
1600.
been an eyewitness to one of our frays, wherein the rebels
sent him back a footman " [i.e., unhorsed him].
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Oct. 4. 474. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 42. This bearer, servant to the Lord Barry, and attendant on
his Lordship's son here, is drawn over thither about some
private law-suits. Afford him all lawful favour.
From my lodging near the Savoy, 4 October 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Oct. 8. 475. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vo.. 604, p. 44. " There hath been written this day from Ireland certain
news of Munster ; to which I give no credit, until I hear
it confirmed. And yet hath one of the best councillors of
that kingdom (when he hath related the matter) concluded
with this sentence : ' If there were no wiser than myself, or
that I could have my wish, I vow to God the young man
Desmond should never see Ireland, for I fear her Majesty, sup-
posing to put down a bad one, will raise up a worse.' The
news are in these M r ords : ' Captain Richard Greene . . fought
with the pretended Earl of Desmond as he was marching into
Arcklow ; he slew his son, and 60 of his chiefest men, with
two or three of the captains of his bonnoughts ; he took his
cows, his sheep, his garrons, his munition, and all his baggage ;
. . drove them into Leix, with 300 rascals with him, not
] mving scarce a rag about him.'
" Let us now fall into this consideration, if so it be that
James McThomas be at so low an ebb, whether there be so
great a piece of work left behind for this young gentleman, as
that it might not be done without him, and so the honour
given to your sword and industry. . . If he prove naught,
you know the peril like to ensue, and . . how apt our enemies
will be to throw upon us . . the imputation of any future bad
success. . .
" If, upon his coming over, you find no great task to be
done by him, rather . . make sure of him that he cannot
escape, and advertise hither what you think. . . Whatsoever
you do to abridge him . . out of providence shall never be
imputed to you for a fault, but exceedingly commended by
the Queen ; for God doth know it, the Queen hath been the
most hardly drawn unto it that could be, and hath laid it in
my dish a dozen times, ' Well, I pray God you and Carew
be not deceived.' . . If there be not much to do, you may
marchand the more proudly with his followers. . . Now the
titulary Earl is gone down, and with him Piers Lacy, . . I see
not almost what great act he is to do. . . He hath not his
patent but upon condition of some great service. . . If either
none be done or remain to be done, then is the promise free. . .
You may either apostate somebody to seek to withdraw him,
464 CAREW MSS.
1600.
who may betray him to yon, or rather than fail, there may be
some found out there to accuse him, and that may be suffi-
cient reason for you to remand him, or to restrain him, under
colour whereof they will be more greedy peradventure to
labour for him. . .
" I see one thing, that a mean fortune will never content
him, with which disposition assure yourself the Queen will
not be much pleased. Next he is in nature proud ; and if he
ever should be suffered to meddle with the Undertakers' lands,
his teeth would water till he had devoured them all. . .
" All that is here said is but mine own, and known to no
soul living but the writer, whose hand I use at this present in
regard of a fluxion in one of mine eyes. . .
" The Deputy is by this time at the Newry, going to plant
at Armagh ; and the army still kept up at 1 G,000. Her Ma-
jesty resolveth, like a wise prince, to cut off a good part of the
same ; so as of necessity you must provide to lessen yours. . .
The Deputy and Council of Ireland do continually underhand
write that they can bate no great numbers in the whole if you
do not contribute to the diminution. . .
" Remember what I say unto you. Blame shall never
betide you for any caution (how curious soever) in the manag-
ing of this young Puer male cinctus. . .
" From my lodging at the Savoy, this 8th of October 1600."
Signed.
Pp. 3. Endorsed.
Oct. 8. 476. The LORD DEPUTY and COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 191. "The extremity of the weather hath been such almost ever
since we sat down in this place, which was on the 20th of the
last month, as if we had no enemy in our way, we could
hardly have passed for the rising of the waters. In the mean
time few days have passed without more or less fight. At our
first encamping we fought almost two hours for our lodging
and our wood, and at length beat the rebels out of sight,
killing one of the O'Neales, a principal man among them, and
divers others. Of ours some four or five were killed, and twice
as many hurt ; only one of Sir Robert Lovell's brethren, of
any name, shot through the face, but likely to recover.
"The 25th, because they should not conceive that their
trenches (which are indeed the greatest and strongest works
that ever they made, and in a place of most advantage for
them) were the cause of our stay, we drew up to their trenches,
beat them out of their first, brought away some victuals of
theirs, baggage, and arms, killed and hurt . . 1 20, as I hear
out of their own camp. Of our men some seven slain arid
some 30 hurt.
" The 2nd of October, being the fairest day we had till that
time, I, the Lord Deputy, was determined to have made a
strict muster, and to that end had set a guard upon the gates
of Dundalk, lest any should come from thence to pass false
ELIZABETH. 465
1GOO.
musters ; aud having drawn all our men into arms, the rebels
came, horse and foot, close to our camp ; insomuch as finding-
one of Sir H. Folliett's men in the Feme not far off, they
gave him twenty wounds. We fell out presently upon them,
beat them to their trenches, . . forced their trenches, wan
them, and possessed them as long as we listed to keep them ;
and at length our men being commanded off, made a very
gallant and orderly retreat ; for we had no determination from
the beginning to hold their trenches. . .
" We lost in this fight, . . one of the greatest skirmishes . .
in this kingdom, . . about twenty men and some seven score
hurt, among whom Sir Oliver Lambert, Sir Chr. St. Laurence,
Sir Thomas Burke, and Captain Harvy, with some other lieu-
tenants and officers hurt without danger; only Captain
Anthony Rushe of any name killed. Of the rebels about oOO,
as I understand by a priest come from them, whose relation
doth concur with divers others' that were sent for espial.
" On Sunday the 5th we drew forth again towards them,
and in a very resolute charge which they gave to Sir Charles
Percie's regiment, both in front and on both sides at once, they
were gallantly repulsed ; twelve of them in sight lay dead on
the place, of whom two principal men, Murtagh McPryor and
Connor Roe McPryor, as we understand ; the rest ran away
howling. In this service Sir Robert Lovell . . was shot
through the body dead, [and] Captain Roe's brother hurt. Of
the rebels . . many were killed and hurt. . .
" By these and other daily skirmishes . . our companies
grow weak and unserviceable ; but especially we find a decay
in our shot, . . for supply whereof we have sent unto the
Council at Dublin, and to the Earl of Ormond, to select out
of the bands remaining in the Pale 350 shot ; and therefore
pray your Lordship to spare us, for this . . important service,
the companies of Captain Phillips and Captain Boys, which
heretofore, upon the drawing down of Sir H. Power's com-
pany into Leinster, were appointed to rise and march into
Munster. . . Make the war in Munster as near the borders
of Leinster as you may, thereby to make some diversion from
us, on whom at this time the whole strength of the rebels in
a manner doth attend ; . . your [province] being of all others
the best furnished with men, and at this time least annoyed
with rebels ; for the state of Connaught is not unknown to
your Lordship, from whence notwithstanding we have drawn
great part of the forces ; and Lough Foyle, which was likely
to have done good service at this time and in this kind, is by
sickness and other means so weak as from thence we expect
no ease of our burthen."
From the Camp at Fagher, 8 October 1600.
Signed : Mountioye, R. Wingfelde, G. Bowrchier, Ro. Gar-
dener, F. Stafforde.
Pp. 3. Addressed and sealed. Endorsed.
Vd. 624, p. 29. 2. Copy.
3 ' 3 7 o a
466 CAREW MSS.
1600.
Oct. 8. 477. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 40. I received many letters at once from your Lordship by a
messenger of Sir Charles Willmott's. Upon Sir William
Warren's complaint of hard usage offered him by you, by
virtue of your warrant of entry, I referred the consideration
thereof to the officers of the Cheque Office, who returned me
this second warrant drawn by themselves for an indifferent
course between you and him.
At my return to Dublin I will again consider of the cause,
and give you satisfaction. I will also concur with Mr. Trea-
surer (Carey) about Mr. Justice Saxie's entertainment, and take
order concerning the companies which I desire to draw hither
out of Munster.
I have as yet no commandment out of England for reducing
all companies to 100. " Considering the small or no helps
which this country affordeth to the captain above his bare
entertainment, I think it would prove an hard course, besides
that the deserts and qualities of men being unequal, it were
not meet, in my opinion, to reduce their entertainments to an
equality."
" Captain Greames is a gallant soldier, and hath well
deserved the honour your Lordship desireth to be conferred
upon him ; but you are not ignorant of my restraint, which
at this time especially I am not to neglect, being otherwise
taxed for many breaches of directions given unto me ; besides
that there are some ... on whom I would willingly confer
the same honour, if I did not find my hands tied by her Ma-
jesty's inhibition ; for I protest I never saw men serve more
gallantly and more resolutely than I do daily see divers of
the captains and commanders here."
From the Fagher, 8 October 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 32. . Copy.
Oct. 478. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 38. " Since my coming to this camp, where we have been almost
20 days, there hath been weather scant fair enough to write
in our tents, except some few days or hours, the opportunity
whereof I have presently taken to be doing with our near
neighbours, who are continually in sight of us, and whom we
have well made know that not they but the extremity of the
weather and waters doth arrest our passage. . . . We have
beaten them in all places where they thought themselves
strongest. . . . Never were seen greater skirmishes in
Ireland. . .
" We must resolve to fight continually with almost all but
the chief force of Ireland. . . . We find here the choice men
that O'Donell, Occane, and James McSurley hath, whom you
would hardly have thought could have been spared from
Loughfoyle and Knockfergus.
" I have willed my man to answer many particulars of your
letters. . . . Our tents are often blown down, and at this
ELIZABETH. 467
1600.
instant it doth rain into mine, so that I can scant write. I
will labour by all the means and friends I have to rid myself
from this unfortunate country ; not that I protest I am
weary of my labours, though I think they have been as great
as ever any of my place sustained here, but vexed with the
fatal plague of hard construction of my proceedings, in the
uprightness whereof I was so confident as, believe me, I never
sought any other means to fortify them than by a bare and
sparing relation of the truth, and to no other than Mr. Secre-
tary (Cecil), or to the Council in general. . . .
." According to your Lordship's desire, I will grant the ward-
ship of you[ng] Gollde (?), although I was before earnestly
moved for it."
P.S. " Even as I am writing this letter Geor[ge] Blount tells
me from a priest of Tyrone's " (the rest illegible).
Holograph. P.I. Addressed. Endorsed: October 1600.
Oct. 15. 479. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 46. I received your packet by Smith this evening. " In one of
your letters of the 1st of October . . you say that this taking
in of the rebels is the way to end the war for the time, but
not to secure it for hereafter ; which future temps if you do
limit either to the coming in of the Spaniards, or to the day
of disaster by the Queen's decease (whom God long preserve !)
for the first I am not of opinion that there will any arrive
in haste ; and for the second, let that unfortunate time care
for itself. Secondly, you say you durst not use force because
you knew not how it would be here accepted. Surely, Sir, I
do not know that you were enjoined to any course, but that
ever I told you that for example's sake her Majesty would
expect that some should pay the ransoms of their rebellions. . .
Your own project was, after your return from Kerry, that
you did not intend to pardon any upon base conditions;
neither . . could I have wished a better choice than of those
five villains, who yet are left; I mean 124, 125, 128, 4012,
1047. . .* I am only not satisfied why 123,f so wealthy and
pestilent a knave, should be still borne with if you be not
secure of him, for the war were easily made upon him.
" It is true . . 1089 is come as well to see how we are
disposed to proceed with the general, as for his own particular.
. . When I read unto him 2049 [your] letter written in his
commendation (as if he had been the son of Jupiter), and
used these words unto him, ' You see 2049 [Carew] hath given
you great commendation/ he answered me, ' By God ! he hath
not said so much as I deserve.' So I assure you there need
not any other President than 1089 if you believe what he
* Qu., " James McThomas, the titulary Earl of Desmond, John McThomas
his brother, Thomas FitzMorrice, son to the late Baron of Lexnaw, the Knight of
the Valley, and Pierce Lacy." (See pp. 483 and 499.)
t Qu., Florence McCarty.
Q G 2
468 CARE\V MSS.
1COO.
hath done or what he can do. But, Sir, I have used him well
enough. . . Where you think he loveth 1044 and betrayeth
1045, 1 believe you are deceived, for of 1044 he raileth to me
detestably, and saith 1045 is one of the honestest men in
Ireland ; of whom he hath showed me divers intelligences
which he hath sent, as he saith, to 2049 [you] since he departed.
" Surely, Sir, the letter that you have written, I dare not
show it, . . as it is enough to make her Majesty believe that
all this which you have done is not worthy thanks ; . . and
mean rather to show your letter to the whole Board of the
29th, wherein you write judicially. . . Besides, when that
packet was written, I saw you were more jealous of 4004 than
you were afterward, and then did you not know of Desmond's
arrival. . .
" I cannot think, first, that you would have taken in many
of these you have done, if you had not found that they were
unwillingly led into rebellion, and would continue ; for it
cannot be but you might have of divers of them used your
pleasure. So as I do think your proceedings hitherto might
have this issue, that although her Majesty may not call away
her forces, yet she may abate part of them ; and that many
of those that are come in might have it imposed upon them,
for some time, to pay (as they do their Northern bonnaghts)
some part of those forces which the Queen must keep. . . I
am of opinion, good pledges being taken, some of the great
ones pleased, and some castles well chosen and guarded, there
would be no rebellion in haste; neither . . half this could
have been at first, if Sir Thomas Norreis could have drawn
500 men to head and durst have stood to it. . .
" If you have sped well with 4004 . . her Majesty's charge
may be eased this winter. . . Forbear bestowing of com-
panies in the towns, which will keep themselves. . .
" It remaineth now that I say something to you concerning
Anyas, who hath never deceived me, for I have held him a
villain. First, the Lord God doth know it, that my soul
never had the thought to consent to the poisoning of a dog,
much less a Christian. True it is, that to take a rebel alive,
or to bring their head, I was contented to hear his promise,
though for mine own part I never believed him. I do there-
fore pray you, and conjure you, by all the love you bear me, to
find the means to take him ; and seeing he hath otherways
offended the law, be assured of this from me, that it must be
his hanging and public confession that must clear us from this
odious imputation. . . When you have him, if you keep him
long alive, he will escape from you by one means or other.
Send him not over therefore, nor spare his life, for then it will
be thought, whatsoever he saith to clear us, that it is to save
his neck.
" The news we have out of France are of the French King's
good success still, and of some likelihood that the King of
Spain will be drawn into the war. In the Low Countries all
things are at a stay. And from Ireland, since the Deputy was
ELIZABETH. 469
1600.
at Dondalck, . . we have heard nothing from him, so as all
this while the army continueth at 16,000 foot and 1,300 horse.
Consider, therefore, I pray you, that if all this charge, neither
with you nor elsewhere, make things no better than they are
in your last ambiguous letter represented, it will be said that
the difference between this year and the last is of small
importance."
London, 15 October 1600. Signed.
P.S. "The service which Captain Greame hath done de-
serveth great recommendation, but it appeareth by his own
letters that the booty was so good, it is somewhat strange
that no part should come to his share, being no such booties
as come home in the carricks which mariners can put in their
pockets. I pray you, therefore, adventure upon the extra-
ordinaries to give him 100?., and it shall be allowed."
Pp. 4. Addressed and seated. Endorsed by Carew,
Oct. 25. 480. SIR G. CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. cso, p. 33. I have received from you four letters, the first dated 25th
August, by Patrick Arthur, who arrived at Cork the 15th inst.
The numbers which he brought over were viewed by Mr. Jones,
commissary general of the musters. Having armed the sup-
plies out of the store, I dispersed them into the garrison. Out
of 600 expected not above 350 came into this land. Their
apparel shall be defaulked. Your command to restrain cap-
tains from giving passes for soldiers to repair into England I
had always observed, but some exemplary punishment should
be inflicted in England upon the runaways.
You require'me to send you my opinion how the forces may
be victualled for the winter within the province. There is
no means to supply the defect of victuals here ; " this province
being so much wasted by this last summer war, as great
scarcity hath already overtaken us, insomuch as before the
next spring there is no doubt but a great dearth is like to
ensue ; for testimony whereof, myself must be enforced to
forsake the place I am now in, to repair to some port town,
and to make my provisions out of England."
" Concerning the Archbishop of Casshell's information . .
against the citizens of Waterford for their presumptuous in-
solencies in the exercise of their Popish religion, until by
your Lordship's letter of the 30th of September I never heard
complaint of the same, yet do verily believe the information
in matter to be true, but in form . . I hold somewhat doubt-
ful, not supposing that a corporate town (endowed with so
great privileges) will hazard their charters in so palpable and
gross a manner. . . As soon as I may spare myself from
these parts I will take order for a reformation, holding it to
be a mighty indignity to her Majesty's government if such
presumptuous and traitorly offences should go unpunished ; but
yet ... I will handle the matter of religion as nicely as I may,
3 7 *
470 CAREW MSS.
1600.
especially in this broken time," both in the towns and the
country ; " for such is the sympathy between them, as when
the country is strong the towns are proud." I will draw
from the Bishop " who be the principal offenders, which once
known, . . matters of treason not tending to religion may be
sufficiently proved to convince them ; but if it do appear in
the least that any part of their punishment proceeds for
matter of religion, it will kindle a great fire in this kingdom."
As for taking bands of the owners of ships passing hence
to Spain, I find that " most of the Irish merchants that trade
for Spain (the town of Waterford excepted) do lade their goods
in French bottoms." I will take bands of the rest and use
the advice of the Chief Justice.
I will observe your commands touching the Archbishop
of Cashell's private affairs ; and touching one Morys
O'Sheneghan.
The winter suits have arrived at Cork. By reason of our
great travels last summer the soldiers were almost naked.
Henceforth the apparel should be sent half to Cork and half
to Limerick.
I understand that 3,000?. for this province has lately ar-
rived at Dublin. No more should be sent that way, " for, as
the paymaster here tells me, 1,800?. thereof is already there
defaulted to pay money imprested by the Treasurer to some
Munster captains, that received the same in Dublin." Al-
though Mr. Treasurer (Gary) may justify the same, yet it was
your meaning that it should defray growing charges, and not
arrears.
Moallo, 25 October 1600.
" Sent by Edward Phyton."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Oct. 29. 481. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
VoL 615, p. 193. Her Majesty hath been informed by you of the late good
service which hath been done by Captain Greames in the de-
feating of the troops of the traitor, the usurper of the name
of Desmond ;" and thrvt he lost divers horses in that service.
She is pleased that you do bestow upon him 100?. out of the
" extraordinaries."
Richmond, 29 October 1600.
Signed : Tho. Egerton, C.S., T. Buchurst, Notingham,
G. Hunsdon, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescu, J. Herbert.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
VoL620,pt.2,p.34. 2. Copy.
Nov. 2. 482. SIR G. CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 35. " The Earl of Desmond arrived at Youghall, and from thence
by easy journeys the 18th of October came unto me hither.
What benefit her Majesty shall receive by his late coming,
ELIZABETH. 471
J600.
until some further trial be made, I can make no judgment ;
for the greatest weight of the business was undergone and
discharged before his arrival ; but yet, no doubt, it cannot but
produce good effects in confirming the work which by her
Majesty's forces . . is hitherto so well advanced. He is now
at Killmallocke, well followed and daily sought unto by the
freeholders and those of meaner quality, and of the others, as
far as I can learn hitherto, but sparingly attended. I have
good hope . . that he will prove a good servant, and do no
less than is expected. . . I do evermore purpose to have
some gent[leman] of quality to be with him ; and lest that he
might be (against bis will) surprised, he shall continually have
a competent guard of horse or foot, or both, to attend him.
As far as yet I can discern, both his speech and religion are
every way agreeing with the disposition of a true loyal
subject, and so long as he shall hold his religion firm, there
is little doubt to be made of him. But if he were otherwise
(whereas now the people do affect him) they would then in
far greater multitudes flock about him. Lest therein he may
be corrupted I will be exceeding careful.
" The titulary Earl of Desmond ever since the late defeat
given him by Captain Grymes and the garrison of Killmallocke,
hath lived obscurely, shifting from one place to another, at-
tended (as I understand) with not above two persons. His
abode for the most part is in the county of Tipperary, where
by his mother he hath many kindred. I have made the best
means I may to have a draught upon him, but such is the
superstitious folly of these people, as fur no price he may be
had, holding the same to be so heinous as no priest will give
them absolution. My hope is that some of this young Earl's
followers (to advance his fortunes) will venture their con-
sciences in that point. His brother John McThomas went
into Ulster to procure aids from Tyrone, who is now upon his
return, and I think will obtain his suit ; which appears to be
likely by Tyrone's letters in Irish, which by good chance I
intercepted ; the copies whereof I have sent to Mr. Secretary
CecylL . .
" Thomas FitzMorys, the pretended Baron of Lixnawe, hath
received of late a good blow by Sir Charles Willmott in Kerry,
in the which himself and the Knight of the Valley with great
difficulty escaped, above 60 of his people killed, and all the
corn, that with much pains they had hidden in the woods,
burned. So as I conclude them now no better than poor
wood-kerne.
" Piers Lacy (as James FitzThomas) hath shrouded himself
in the county of Tipperary among the Butlers, and of late (as
I understand) hath gathered together of the O'Maughors,
Ossery men, the Purcells, and other such loose vagabonds of
Ormond and Tipperary, to the number of 500, and is lately
joined with Redmond Bourke, who, for this month and more,
hath been in Ormond and in O'Carrol's country with a 1,000
472 CAREW MSS.
JCOO.
foot and GO horse, every day threatening the invading of the
county of Limerick. Their only stay, as I suppose, is for John
FitzThomas and his Ulster aids. Long time this body of
1,500 foot and 60 horse cannot hold together, and must be
enforced either to make their attempt further into this pro-
vince or dissolve. When this cloud is overpast I do hope to
be able to spare my Lord Deputy 1 ,000 foot ; but \intil I be
more secure from foreign incursion, I do humbly pray . . the
continuance of this charge. . .
*' As for the provincials, having so many and so good pledges
upon them, as also the poor estate of the country, which is
slenderly stored with victuals, I hope . . with 3,000 foot and
250 horse to contain them from such an universal defection
as I found them in. But if aids out of Spain (daily by them
expected) do invade us, I do not believe that either pledges or
any other possible assurance that can be devised will hold
them subjects. And then, likewise, of the towns I am as
little confident.
" Since my last of the 29th of September, . . a strong castle
in Conolough, appertaining to James FitzThomas by usurpa-
tion, hath been surprised by us ; so as now he hath no other
house at his devotion but Castlemaigne, the which by the next
I do hope to send your Lordships word that it is in her
Majesty's possession.
" I understand by divers lately come over, that most of the
corporate towns in Munster have now their agents at the
Court to sue for the enlargement of their charters. . . Be
sparing in any such grant, for the people are sufficiently in-
solent, stubborn, and proud already, and the increasing of
their franchises will increase ill humours in them.*
" Since the beginning of this despatch . . Florence McCarty,
. . . the 29th of the last, made his repair unto me, submitting
himself to her Majesty's grace and mercy, protesting (whose
protestations I do not much credit . .) for ever hereafter to
remain a true and faithful servant unto her Majesty. . . To
abate his greatness I have taken from him his chief dependants,
namely, the two O'Sulevans, the -two O'Donaghes, McFynyn,
O'Rowley, and O'Mahoun-Carbry, every one of which are to
put in pledges for their own loyalties, and not to depend upon
him ; so as his pledge lies but for himself and his brother
(who is a most wicked traitor), and those of the Clancarties
which do dwell upon the lands her Majesty granted unto him.
The pledge I demanded was his eldest son, which by reason of
his indisposition of health he could not bring with him, but
in the mean time hath left with me his base brother, which is
dearly esteemed by him (having for these 10 years past spent
his time in the wars of the Low Countries, France, and Hun-
* The previous portion of this despatch appears to have been written on 25th
October. See Carew'B despatch of 15th December.
ELIZABETH. 4?3
1000.
gary), and a foster-brother of bis, no less by him respected.
Within these 21 days he assures me to return again, and then
brings his son with him. All that I have promised to confer
unto him is but his pardon and liberty, not conditioning any
farther assurance for his lands than such as now he hath.
And as for the titles whicli he so much affects, which is either
to be called McCartie More or to be created Earl of Clancare,
I have left him hopeless in either of them. He is now gone
to prove his credit with Thomas Oge, constable of Castlemaigne
for James FitzThomas, to render the same into her Majesty's
hands. But I think the Earl of Desmond will prevail before
him ; who hath sent to that purpose. But if they both fail,
I doubt not but by another stratagem to recover the same.
The reduction of Florence . . gives an assured hope of a
present establishment of this province, for upon him the re-
bellion did build their last refuge ; and now that he is defected
from them, strangers will be the less willing (having no back
in the province) to venture themselves in the same."
I would urge the necessity of a general pardon for this pro-
vince, "the principal heads of this rebellion and now in action,
and traitorly townsmen in corporations who have relieved them
or their associates, only excepted ; namely, James FitzThomas
and John his brother, Thomas FitzMorys, the pretended
Baron of Lixnawe, Edmond FitzThomas, called the Knight
of the Valley, and Piers Lacy of the Broofe ; . . whom (as
children of perdition) for example's sake I have refused to
accept upon any conditions."
My reasons for moving you herein are " the multitudes of
[all] sorts of people that in this general defection are fallen
into the danger of the law, the most of them being poor
people, neither having friends, means, or ability to sue out
their pardons, whom in number I cannot judge to be less of
all sorts, as men, women, and children, than 100,000 persons ;
the greatest number whereof are now upon protection, which
is a great impediment to the government of the same ; for
that, during the time of their protection, they are not amenable
to law as were meet. And their poverty is so great, and
the procuring of their pardons so excessive chargeable, as
within the time prefixed upon their protections it is impossible
for these poor creatures to procure the same.
" This hath been in former times . . used, and the same is
now here by the provincials both wished and expected. But
because that . . some ill and lewd disposed persons among
them may commit such heinous offence as that they shall not
be worthy of so great mercy," power should be left in me the
President and the Council to exempt any such from the
benefit thereof ; " especially in regard of the traitorly priests,
who are the chiefest firebrands of this unnatural treason, and
who to take benefit of this general pardon I hold . . to be very
unworthy ; and in like sort to make exceptions of men ol'
their function, this country people being so much devoted
474 CAREW MSS.
1600.
unto them, . . I hold to be dangerous, and therefore far better
to be left in the power of the President and Council."
" Give straight commandment unto all the Undertakers to
make their present repair into the province, to reinhabit and
repair their lands and houses ; . . or else . . take some other
course for the repossessing of those lands."
Moallo, 2 November 1600.
" Sent by Edward Phyton."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Nov. 2. ' 483. SIK ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
VoL 604, p. 52. This gentleman being brother to Sir John Gylbert, and
thereby your kinsmau, needs not my recommendation. " He
comes over with a determination to follow his fortune in
these wars."
Court at Whitehall, 2 Nov. 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Nov. 8. 484. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol 604, p. 54. I have received your letters by Captain Prise. Her Majesty
approves of your making trial of the affections of such as
depend on the young Earl [of Desmond].
In the matter of Florence we hope to receive some cer-
tainty. Captain Prise reports that you say you would have
prosecuted him if I had not restrained you. I never send
directions without leaving them to your own discretion.
When going into Kerry you professed you would temporise
with him till you came back, and when there you found in
him perfidious delays and extreme ambition ; upon which it
was written to you again to prosecute him except some con-
venient satisfaction would content him. Within few daj r s
after you wrote that you would prosecute him if new matter
proceeded not from him to your liking. We are not doubtful
of you, " seeing all that you have hitherto undertaken hath
sped so well."
" I expect daily to understand what you have done with
that wicked and horrible wretch Annias, who hath given out
(as it seemeth) so vile an untruth of you and me, concerning
Florence, of which, I protest to the Lord, I never entertained
the thought. I trust therefore you will come by him by one
means or other."
Her Majesty and the Council approve of sending the
pledges out of the province for security, "but I must
likewise tell you what her Majesty will expect in this matter,
or else, if I might advise you, they should never come over ;
first, you must be assured how they shall be maintained
without charge to her Majesty ; secondly, and above all things,
you must foresee that they may appear of value that are sent
hither, or else it will rather discredit you than otherwise. . .
Let me know, by your next, who they are, and for whom they
ELIZABETH. 475
1600.
do lie." You wrote once that you found never a subject in
Munster that had not need of a pardon. It will be convenient
to take some such course, to secure the minds of those that
have not been openly out. Let me know what exemptions
should be made to this pardon.
We have received letters of 26th October from the Lord
Deputy by Sir Oliver St. Johns, who left him at the Newry.
You will see, by the abstract enclosed, he has carried himself
very gallantly at the Moyry, Tyrone having never since
showed himself, but retired into his country. The Lord
Deputy will not plant the garrison at Armagh, because he
could hardly leave 1,000 men there victualled, without from
time to time hazarding an army to supply them. This has
grown by deferring the journey too long in the year. He
means to raise a fortification midway between the Newry and
Armagh, which, when Armagh is planted in the spring, will
make all convoys safe to that garrison. If it were now
settled, lack of fuel would have driven the soldiers to fight every
day for their wood. " Connorough McGuire, who is in con-
tention for the country of Fermanaugh, came lately in to my
Lord, but his son remaineth prisoner with Coconnaugh Mc-
Guire, and yet on the very day of the fight at the Moyry he
brake from them, with his handlock upon his hand, and
offered my Lord to do good service in that country, if he might
have any assistance. Hereupon my Lord gave him pay for as
many horse and foot as he brought in, with the which he
immediately returned, and finding Connock McBaron in the
way, encountered him, and gave him a good defeat, and hath
taken his eldest son prisoner, whom he sendeth to the Deputy,
which in truth is one of the best pledges in Ireland.
"The Deputy doth presently fall to abate 3,000 of the
army, and writeth over that if we look for any more, it must
be done in Munster." If therefore you will make your ser-
vices felt here, you must abate your army ; but until we hear
from you, you shall have no order. That being done will
content the Queen. It is here much spoken of that a third of
your army is Irish, of whom I doubt not you will rid yourself
when you diminish the forces.
I must acquaint you with my misfortunes. Letters had
been written to the Lord Deputy upon complaints of old ser-
vitors that younger captains were preferred to them, with
reprehension for large concordatums, and admonition to see
reformation in the Pale of spoils by the soldiers upon the
inhabitants, for which the Lord of lloath and Barnewell came
expressly over. " His Lordship hath written a bitter letter
unto me, presuming more of my friendship, accompting himself
unfortunate in his government, complaining of the iniquity of
the time, with some glance that he doth no way misltke my
extraordinary care of others, so it weaken not my affection to
him. . . I am as wrongfully suspected, and have as much
laboured to keep all blame from him . . as ever I could have
476 CAREW MSS.
1COO.
done for you. . . He is a little emulous of j*our success, yet
I do not find but that he useth you well in all his writings
hither."
" This fellow Pyne hath made so many suits as I think lie
would be Vice-President. I have therefore sought to despatch
him, for he doeth nothing but lay strange plots and projects ;
and yet it is so earned as he can have no cause to think him-
self other than beholden to you, as you may see by the style
of my Lord's letters, wherein you may perceive that wo
restrain you to cautionary limitations ; but if you will do
wisely, keep him with you, and send no such companions over.
" As for the Bishop of Cashell, he complains that he cannot
have the benefit of her Majesty's grant. I have satisfied him
that the fault hath not been in you, because you had not
full oi'der to extend it to the uttermost. Seeing therefore
you have now received an explanation from us how far
you may extend your wai'rant, I pray you see his mouth
stopped. And for the rest, use your discretion as you
see cause, for though you have liberty for the whole, yet you
have no certain direction to bestow more or less of it upon
any others than as you see cause, the scope being principally
to ease the Queen's purse, for those things that belong to
Desmond and his followers, with whom you can best tell
how to deal.
" Thus have I held you, to whom I can write no change of
any things concerning our private ; only this is true, that
mere necessity makes the Lord Cobham a married man,
whereof there is yet no publication, but now is so pressed, as
either it must be declared, or else we must have wars.
"Sir Arthur Gorge's daughter is dead, which works in him
shrewd effects ; but he hath some relief by a composition made
between him and the Viscount, who must pay him 4:001. n
year during his life, which will keep the staff from the door.
" 2048 hath been in Cornwall, who is so partial to the
\vidow Norrys, as he is apt to suspect you upon all her com-
plaints, who is a greedy beggar-like woman.
" For any matter of Spain, they are all fools that expect it.
for it is in no case, the war of Savoy being like to set the two
Kings together ; for all Savoy is now almost in the King's
hands ; besides we do yet entertain the treaty on foot, though
1 have no great hope of it.
"I would to God I might know what, you learned of the
Seneschal's son's practices in Ireland, because the Archduke
might be charged with it. And so would I know what may
be written to the Earl of Ormond in particular, because Cap-
tain Prise, who is no excellent orator, could not satisfy me
with any man's name with whose receipt I might charge him. . .
" Remember to direct your advertisements of things done of
public purposes in future, and of your demands and necessities,
to the whole Council, and not to me in particular, for I am
much absent from Court, where God doth know (excepting
ELIZABETH. 477
1600.
her Majesty's favour) I take no comfort." In your letters to
me are commonly some private things, " not to be read by
others than by the Queen and myself."
As Mr. Herbert is now called to a place of honour, you
might sometimes write to him. This will show you do not
neglect him, and " prepare his mind to respect you hereafter,
when peradventure death, sickness, or other accidents may
throw you into his hands, as now you are in mine."
From the Court at Kichmond, 8 November 1600. Signed.
" You may direct your letters to him in this form : To the
right honorable Mr. Secretary Herbert, one of her Majesty's
Privy Council.
Tfie rest is in Cecil's own hand.
" All things are as my other letters have mentioned con-
cerning 2026, and as my genius tells me will so be a good
while. . . I have moved the Lords to write unto the city of
Cork about the lewd usage of the young Earl of Desmond, to
whom T have sent this copy, that he may be comforted ; for
indeed Capt. Price sware to me all this was true which is
written, he being by. I wish the Earl a reasonable main-
tenance of this company, but not too great at first. . .
" Send me your opinion whether you had not rather do a.s
the Lord Deputy (I find) could wish it, to spare your com-
panies from Munster into Wexford, Ossory, and other places,
than cash them. . . Though they be not in your government,
yet may they on a sudden be returned, and you shall be the
better in quiet by their neighbourhood, and yet shall have
the honour of abatement."
Pp. 8. Endorsed.
[Nov.] 485. PETITION of HENRY PYNE to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 615, p. 197. Sir Thomas Norreyes, late Lord President of Munster, did
place in Mogelly, your suppliant's castle, 50 warders. The
Earl of Essex, the Lords Justices (Loftus and Gary), and the
commissioners of Munster continued the same. But Sir
George Carewe, Lord President, in April last discharged the
ward ; yet when he was informed what the rebels had done to
gain the place, he advised and required your suppliant not to
discharge the warders, but to make means to her Majesty and
your Lordships for their continuance. In regard whereof, and
that the place is of great importance, in respect of its site and
strength, your suppliant prayeth the continuance of the 50
men, and an allowance for keeping them at his own charge
since April last. He will undertake at his own charge to keep
in readiness 10 able horses. Also, if your Lordships please,
" there might be 150 men reparted [for?] Drommany, Lisfyny,
Kilmackow, the Shane Castle, and Mocollop ; " your suppliant
to have command, under the Lord President, of the cantred of
Cosbryde and Cosmore, and the allowance usually appertain-
ing to* 150 men. For that your suppliant has been infamously
4/8 CAREW MSS.
1600.
slandered by vile and bad-disposed persons he beseecheth you
to be a means to restore him to her Majesty's good opinion, as
heretofore in the time of his lord and master the late Lord
Chancellor (Hatton).
" Ex. per W. Waad."
Copy. Pp. 2. Endorsed.
Nov. 9. 486. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. BID, p. 199. Though there have been some hard reports of Mr. Henry
Pyne, your testimony causes her Majesty to hold a gracious
conceipt of him. We return him again to you, and refer his
suits to your consideration. In strengthening particular men's
castles with wards you shall regard only the furtherance of the
service, for we expect hourly an abatement of charge in a
round proportion. We have directed the Treasurer (Gary) to
pay him such arrears as we can allow. As for the fortification
of his castle, so much spoken of there, no man should other-
wise fortify there than to resist an Irish rebel ; but as you
have seen it, and think what is done in it not any way to be
misliked, we refer all to your own eye and judgment.
Richmond, 9 November 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 35. 2. Copy.
Nov. 10. 487. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIB G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 201. You have had signification of her Majesty's pleasure to con-
vert a company of 100 men in that province towards the
entertainment of some special persons. Her meaning is " that
the whole pay after 8d. the day for 1 00 soldiers, excepting the
captains and officers, who have several entertainments, shall
be converted to that use." As the Treasurer (Gary) can make
payment but of the 3$. the week for lendings, and the winter
apparel is already sent from hence, you shall take suits for
100 men, excepting six for the dead pays, which are to be
returned to the merchants " upon such accounts as they shall
be appointed to receive the said apparel; and hereafter,
instead of the apparel, . . money shall be by the merchants'
factors delivered unto you at every delivery of apparel after
such rate as we shall apportion."
Richmond, 10 November 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 36. 2. Copy.
Nov. 10. 488. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the MAYOR and ALDERMEN of
Vol. 604, p. 268. CORK.
We had hoped that her Majesty being contented to pass
over the former errors of the magistrates and inhabitants of
ELIZABETH. 479
1600.
that town, "should have prevented for hereafter any such
lewd courses as have been lately used by you the Mayor
toward the young Earl of Desmond." We understand, not
only by himself, but by Captain Price, that " they would not
vouchsafe to accommodate him or his company with any con-
venient lodging, but that he must have been forced to have
gone to bed supperless if he had not (unbidden) intruded
himself into the Mayor's own table ; and " when the young
Earl had written some letters 'in the Mayor's house, he [the
Mayor] very loudly stood upon it with him that he should
write nothing out of his house but he would see it, . . even
when it was told him that they were directed to the Council
of England." For this indignity, her Majesty intends to call
you, Mr. Mayor, to account, of whose spirit we had sufficient
information when you were here in England.
Richmond, 10th November 1600. " Your friends " (signa-
tures omitted).
Copy. Pp. 2. Endorsed by Cecil's clerk.
Nov. 19. 489. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 59. Besides the regard I have of Mr. Bryskett, I have the
rather upon your recommendation been inclined to do him
favour. He is now to be employed in the parts beyond the
seas, and " hath in that province an interest to the abbey of
Bridgtowne from her Majesty for many years yet to come,
which interest he bargained fjr with the late Lord Roche
about June last was two years, and received part of the pay-
ment for the same ; but misdoubting the performance of the
after payments which were promised him, he passed to the
said Lord Roche's attorney, by deed indented, his estate con-
ditionally, with promise that for default of any the two later
payments the deed should be void." The Lord Roche made
default of the next payment of 100. at Michaelmas ensuing
and went into rebellion. Now his request is, that he or his
assignee may by your order be possessed of the said abbey,
the rather for that the Lord Roche has already enjoyed three
full years' profit.
"Whitehall, 1 9 November 1600. Signed.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed.
Nov. 23. 490. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 195. We recommend the bearer, John Stanley, who, having been
spoiled by the rebels in that province (Munster), is now in
great poverty, " for a gentleman's place in some company."
He has a wife and children. He informs us that money is
owing to him by Sir John Dowdall, " when he served him."
Whitehall, 23 November 1600.
Signed: Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, C.S., T. Buchurst,
480 CAREW MSS.
1000.
Notinghom, G. Hunsdon, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescu, Jo.
J. Herbert.
P. 1. Addressed. Endowed.
VoL 620, pt. 2, p. 37. 2. Copy.
Nov. 23. 491. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 61. I need use small commendation of this bearer to you.
whom I find so well affected towards him, especially con-
sidering the testimony of the Privy Council. He is able to do
the Queen service, and has dealt honestly and justly with 3-011.
Whitehall, 23 November 1 600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed by Carei<: : In the behalf of
Mr. Henry Pine.
Nov. 28. 492. FREEHOLDERS of CROSS TIPPER ARY.
Vol. 614, p. 85. Cantred of Mydlethird. Redmond Everard of Kilmocley,
John Butler of Morestowne Kirke, William Butler of Garriard,
Edmond Mocler of Ballynattine, Edmond Stapletoii of Thurles-
beg, Patrick Hacckett of Marshalstowne, James Hackett of
Ballycomuske, Malladg Carran of Burdensgrange, James
Meagher of the same, Thomas FitzRichard Stapleton of
Leynaghstowne, Edmond Stapleton of Garranpheccard.
Slevardaghe. Piers Butler FitzJames of Ballynonetie,
James Laffane of Greystowne.
Eliogertie. Richard Purcell of Kilcaske. Thomas Purcell
of Burres-Lieghe, Patrick Stapleton of Kilcloine, Hugh
O'Meagher of Kiloskehane, Conoghor O'Meagher, Donoghe
O'Meagher, and Philip O'Meagher of the same.
Cantred of Clonmell. Thomas Butler of Ballehymicknie,
Lord Baron of Caher, Edmond Butler of Cloghecullie, Piers
Butler of Knockenamine, Edmond Butler FitzJohn of
Mollaghenonie, Theobald Butler of Tain ple-E he-nine, Thomas
Prindergast of Ballyvorrishe, Richard Prindergast of Grandg,
John Prindergast of the same, Walter Prindergast of the,
Freghanes, Robert Prindergast of Kilvynnine, Robert Prin-
dergast of Carrigetearhie, James Prindergast of Rath O'Kellie,
Richard Keating of Ardfynnane, Edmond\Vhite of the same,
Donell McBonoghe of the same, Eustace Englishe of Clog-
hemenecode, Eustace Englishe of Rahine, John Mansfield of
Loghtogherie, John Keating of Morestowne, Thomas Donog-
howe of Blackcastle, Edmond Mocler of Ballycurrine, Patrick
Sherlocke of Clearichanstowne, Geoffrey Mocler of the same,
Thomas Butler FitzEdmond of Rathnelowre, Thomas Butler
FitzJohn of Rathenuskie.
Clanwilliam. William Ryane of Selchod, John Hiffernane
of Lattine, Matthew Hiffernane of the same, Conoghor
O'Hiffernane of the same, Thomas Pilline of Duncomyne,
ELIZABETH. 481
1COO.
Edmond Burke of Kilbeckane, [of]
Kilnemannaghe, John O'Dowyre of Ballyngarrane.
Pp. 2. Endorsed : The names of the freeholders in Cross
Tipperary returned by the sheriff the 28th of November
1600.
Nov. 30. 493. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
^<-l- cio, p. 203. This bearer, James Spencer, brought us letters from your
Lordship about a month since ; of whose pains and experience
in taking musters we have received testimony. Finding some
of the commissaries for the musters in that province (Munster)
want that knowledge as is meet they should have, we pray
you that he may ba employed in the room of one of them you
shall think most unfit.
Whitehall, the last of November 1600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 37. 2. Copy.
Dec. 3. 494. The QUEEN to LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY.
Vcl. 604, p. 242. (c Mistress Kitchenmaid, I had not thought that precedency
had been ever in question, but among the higher and
greater sort ; but now I find by good proof that some of
more dignity and greater calling may by good desert and
faithful care give the upper hand to one of your faculty,
that with your frying-pan and other kitchen stuff have
brought to their last home more rebels, and passed greater
break-neck places, than those that promised more and did
less. Comfort yourself therefore in this, that neither your
careful endeavour, nor dangerous travails, nor heedful regards
to our service, without your own by-respects, could ever
have been bestowed upon a prince that more esteems them,
considers, and regards them than she for whom chiefly, I
know, all this hath been done, and who keeps this verdict
ever in store for you ; that no vainglorjr nor popular
fawning can ever advance you forward, but true vow of
duty and reverence of prince, which two afore your life I
see you do prefer. And though you lodge near Papists,
and doubt you not for their infection, yet I fear you may
fail in an heresy, which I hereby do conjure you from;
that you suppose you be backbited by some to make me
think you faulty of many oversights and evil defaults in
your government. I would have you know for certain that,
us there is no man can rule so great a charge without some
errors, yet you may assure yourself I have never heard of
any had fewer; and such ia your good luck that I have
not known them, though you were warned of them. And
learn this of me, that you must make difference betwixt
admonitions and charges, and like of faithful advices as
your most necessariest weapons to save you from blows of
n 1 1 u
3> 3 8
482 CAREW MSS.
1600.
princes' inislike. And so I absolve you a pwna et culpa,
if this you observe. And so God bless and prosper you as
if ourself were where you are.
" Your Sovereign that dearly regards you."
Copy in the hand of Cecil's clerk. Pp. 2.
Endorsed: "3 December 1GOO. Copy of her Majesty's
letter to the Lord Deputy with her own hand."
Dec. 6. 495. The EARL OF NOTTINGHAM, Lord Admiral, to SIR G.
Voi, els, p. 229. CAREW.
" I understand by my daughter of Kildare, who hath the
Vice-Admiralty of those parts under me, that her deputy and
under officers of the Admiralty have been of late smally
accompted of and resisted by the inhabitants and others in
Munster. Because these be matters that concern my office
and place, and that the prejudice is mine," I pray you to
assist them in their just proceedings; I will "requite it
unto you, in any your occasion in these parts."
From the Court at Whitehall, 6 December 1 600. Signed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew.
Vol. 620, pt. 2, p. 41. 2. Copy.
Dec. 12. 496. LORD BUCKHURST, Lord Treasurer, to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 231. I thank you for your letter. I can never yield com-
mendation sufficient for your wise and prudent courses in
that province (Munster), whereby such profitable and honor-
able effects have succeeded. The good opinion of you before
your departure is now confirmed. " For my part, I loved
you before for yourself ; now I must love you for the
commonwealth."
We send you 8,0001., though the defalcation of victual
must have yielded you good store of money. Two months'
victual shall be sent you ; and we have ordered the victual at
Galoway to be sent to Limerick. I am glad to hear of the
dutiful proceedings of the Earl of Desmond. " Her Majesty
is very well satisfied of his fidelity, and glad of the honour
which by these his actions he laboureth so worthily to
deserve."
From the Court, 12 December 1GOO.
Holograph. Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew.
Dec. 14 497. The PRIVY COUNCIL to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 205. "\Ve have received your letters of 2 November on the
state of that province (Munster). Her Majesty approves of
all your proceedings. The consideration how some numbers
might be abated has been propounded to you as well as
to the Lord Deputy. The noise of an abatement, which
ELIZABETH. 483
1600.
might give hope and expectation to the unsound subject,
should be prevented. Her Majesty's expense may be eased
by your good and careful looking into the musters. Though
the charge thereof is committed to peculiar officers, it rests
with you to punish or prevent their abuses, which are so
gross that they cannot -be carried without the governor's
toleration. First, the captains in towns commonly " make
up their companies against a muster-day with three parts
townsmen, whose service they have for a small trifle." Se-
condly, we understand that you suffer many Irish to be
entertained, and that " even persons protected are admitted
by the captains because they will take easy pays."
"Concerning your motion for a pardon (which course
hath heretofore been used in other provinces upon like
occasions), we allow of the reasons, especially because we
see in direct words that some persons of best sort shall be
proscribed, and also because you mean verbis tacitis to exempt
another generation of vipers from such an undeserved
mercy." But it would be inconvenient to pardon all you
should not except, unless you presently named them, for no
man would be sure the general pardon included him. There-
fore her Majesty has written to the Lord Deputy (Mountjoy)
to grant pardons to all persons from time to time recom-
mended to him by you the President and the Council [of
Munster] ; excepting James McThomas, the titulary Earl of
Desmond, John McThomas his brother, Thomas FitzMorrice,
son to the late Baron of Lexnaw, the Knight of the Valley,
and Pierce Lacy. Neither will her Majesty forgive any of
their followers, unless within 20 days they shall leave them
and present their submissions.
We have understood from you of the coming in of Florence
McCarty, " of whom we are no more apt to believe much,
till we see further fruits, than you are." If he does not
perform his promises, "drive him to performance, thereby
to discover him ;" and so proceed with all the rest. Put them
to trial now rather than suffer them to make their benefit of
this winter's peace, and upon new hopes from Spain to break
out again. Her Majesty has taken order to provide you with
victual and 5,000?. treasure.
Whitehall, 14 December 1600. Signed.
Pp.2. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew : Received the 19th
of January 1600[-1].
Vol. 620, pt 2, p. 38. . Copy.
[Dec.] 498. The PRIVY COUNCIL to LOUD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY.
Vol. 615, p. 206. (Extract, enclosed In the preceding letter)
Sir Oliver St. John brings news of the abatement of the
army " as well at Loughfoile as the 1,000 near yourself." Her
Majesty did not mean to keep above 3,000 foot and 100 horse
H II 2
CAREW MSS.
at Loughfoile, as a greater number could not at all times be
so well provided. All this while she has paid " almost one
half more than there were men in rerum natural We wrote
to Sir Henry Docwra to reform this abuse. " In that place,
where neither man nor boy can be hired for a muster-day, he
is a weak governor that will not discern how ill the Queen is
served, and will not, in discharge of his duty, correct such a
commissary as will let the Queen pay 1,500 men more than
she hath in an army of 4,000. And therefore now her Majesty
is driven to levy 1,000 more to supply those numbers to be
made up in list 3,000, besides those Irish which came in with
Neale Gai-vy, and may come in with others of like quality,
wherein there must be good discretion used both to content
them, and yet not take every churl and ordinary rebel into
her Majesty's pay, for such will pretend obedience to be kept
only in wages."
As for the 1,000 men cashed in other places, her Majesty
expected the other 1,000 would also have been diminished, as
they were only demanded for a time, and you do not hold it
fit to plant the garrison at Armaghe so suddenly. But as
you desire to uphold the army at 14,000, to finish the war in
Leinster, and to reduce those interior parts this wintei-, her
Majesty leaves ifc to your discretion.
We wrote to the President of Munster (Carew) to know
whether he could spare any of kis forces to supply you. He
has made answer that, if you require this, he will not speak
against it, but that Redmonde Burk with divers of the Butlers
and Pierce Lacy now lie strongly in Orm[onde] with 1,500
men, attending daily to invade co. Limerick, and that the
provincials there arc only retained by fear.
As the bruit of your abatement might also breed some ill
effect, " her Majesty is now inclinable to forbear any direction
for any further abatement of the list than to the number of
14,000 foot ; and such companies of horse as you shall find
unserviceable to be cassed, to reinforce others." As the men
decay, their places are not to be supplied.
Her Majesty approves of your cassing divers of the Burkes
in Connaught, and withdrawing some others of the Irish to
serve with yourself; for " the captains there do wholly convert
her Majesty's pay into their own purses, and, under colour of
fetching powder and victual for her Majesty's store, continually
furnish the rebels." They never resist when the province is
invaded. No more should be maintained than will serve to
hold the garrisons of most use. Some of those companies
would be more serviceable if used in other parts.
Copy. Pp. 2.
Dec. 15. 499. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. C04, p. GJ. " My sore eyes must plead my excuse for using . . the pen
of this fiamengo" By my Lords' letters you will see that
ELIZABETH. 485
1000.
you shall not suddenly have your army abated ; but it will
be an infinite good service if there be any moderation in the
musters. Her Majesty has very sharply written to my Lord
Deputy (Mountjoy). Commissaries and captains are corrupt,
even in your province. Let your industry appear.
I am glad Florence is come in, with whom, as he is fearful,
I would wish you to deal " straynably." There are daily
prophecies that young Desmond's sending over was merely
idle and may do much harm. " I do never shut mine eyes
but with fear at my waking to hear some ill news of him."
When he has done all he can, nourish his desire to return to
sue for some lands and living, that her Majesty may be
satisfied his going over has done no harm. If she doubt him
she may let him live here in her Court, by which she shall
have a tie upon his followers. I wish Florence might be
persuaded likewise to come hither and sue to the Queen for
something, for he is like still to be a Robin Hood in Munster.
To your demands for victual and treasure you see by my
Lords' letters what is answered. As to the Undertakers, they
aver that there is not so great quietness as is reported, and
none of them dare go thither. Write something to prove
that they may do so " without apparent perdition." I have
written to Colonel Wilmott, taking notice of your great
commendation.
" I have sent you tobacco, as good as I could procure any ;
and for Venice glasses, my Lord Cobham would needs be your
purveyor. I thank you for your Irish dogs, which I assure
you were very fair and welcome."
" My Lord North is dead, and I believe that office will be
for a while ungiven. There is likelihood still of . . war
between France and Spain, for the King will come to no
capitulation with Savoy, being on horseback since he took
Monmeliaii. Besides many French ships are arrested in Spain,
whereupon the French are fearful to trade, and the King hath
forbidden his subjects to carry victuals into Spain.
" Of the matter of our peace, what end there will Le I
know not, but I think we shall fall to a beginning again ; for
the Spaniard is contented to give us precedence in the Arch-
duke's territories, and her Majesty, in respect of that, deter-
mineth to send some commissioners to Borbourg or St. Omer.
" The Lord Deputy is returned to Dublin, from whence he
hath certified, according to this note enclosed. I cannot
advertise you of any resolution for the pledges, because men
are here so apt to believe that the pledges you have taken are
divers of them of little worth.
" Privately find means to discover, were it possible, if
young Desmond can be so vain as to have any purpose to
marry the widow Norreys. If he have, and that he will
confess it, tell him freely that her Majesty will in no sort
allow of it, not in respect of any unworthiness in her, but
because her Majesty looketh at his hands to fetch all light for
3 8 *
486 CAREW MSS.
1COO.
his actions from her, and not to presume for other respects,
whereof she is not ignorant, nor any way alloweth him to
bind himself. . . Neither shall it ever have my liking, neither
do you seem to deal in it as if the Queen knew it, for it is but
a thing which I do underhand suspect, and Pyne was the first
man that ever I heard talk of it. But, Sir, you will not
believe what a strange unkindness some of your friends conceive
in your coldness (as they say), if not injury, to the Lady
Norreis, whose relief depending merely upon a company, . .
to have remained at Mallo, is now said to be removed by you,
and that in all things you neglect her. You know the spirit
of some of our friends. . . Men are never more in state to
desire to be freed from any tongue that conceives unkindness
than when they are in foreign employments."
From the Court at Whitehall, 15 December 1600. Signed.
P.S. in Cecil's own liand. "All other things are in
iisdem terminis."
Pp. 3. Endorsed by Carew : Received the 19th of Jan.
1600.
Dec. 15. 500. SIR EGBERT CECIL to SIR ANTHONY COOKE.
Vol. 604, p. 244. I find by your letters that you were so misled with opinion
of my ability to do all men pleasure that I would, as I knew I
should not satisfy you in my answer. . . It is true that when
I look upon those that have been preferred by the governors
of that kingdom, I must confess it seemeth strange to me that
your extraordinary following of them and that action was
not better rewarded. . .
" I must crave pardon of you and others in your case to be
pressed to importune her Majesty in anything, for that were
to make her weary of me, to whom her grace and favour is
the only comfort and support of my life. And therefore I
have plainly written to Sir George (whom I see so much
affects you), that lie did me wrong to impose upon me the
office to recommend my own cousin-german to be a Councillor,
though I know how many there are (every way your inferiors)
that hold such places.
" And for your charge to be increased, there is never a man
in that kingdom for whom I will wrong my Lord Deputy
(Mountjoy) so much as to take upon me to procure her Ma-
jesty's absolute commandment to him for the disposition of
such things as he doth look should be reserved to himself.
And so have I answered my cousin your wife."
Copy. Pp. 2. Endorsed: 1600, December 15, &c.
Dec. 15. 501. SIR GEORGE CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 38. I have received your three letters, concerning the mainte-
nance of the Earl of Desmond, Captain Grymes, and the
ELIZABETH. 487
1600.
Lady Norreys. My last of 25th October and 2nd November
was sent by Edward Phytton.
" Having intelligence, which after proved false, that the
enemy, with 1,600 foot and certain horse assembled out of
Leinster, were entering into the province, I gathered the
better part of her Majesty's forces here to a head ;" but at
Killmallocke I learned they were not above 400, and had
retreated.
The 18th of November I departed from Killmallocke to
Lymerick. where I kept sessions of gaol delivery. " Thence I
went to Cashell, where likewise for the county of Crosse I
held another ; and thirdly the like at Clonmell for the county
palatine of Tippei'ary, where I met with the Earl of Ormond,
whose weak estate I wish were answerable to his willing
desires to advance the service. Soon after coming hither,
having intelligence of the Countess' death, he returned in-
finitely grieved, and I fear will not tairy long behind her."
The 13tb inst. I returned to Moallo. During my being
abroad no time was lost in prosecuting our fugitive traitors
and their relievers. "James McThomas and his few associates
(who walked but by night) . . are now harboured byely by
pretended subjects ; wherefore . . I have burned all the corn
and houses, and taken all the cattle, in Owhny O'Mulryan
and Kilquige, a strong country not far from Lymerick. The
like hath been done in Muskeryquircke and Haiiowe, inhabited
by Burkes and Bryans ; so as in none of these places they
can now have farther relief.
" In this time by a boy of James McThomas (who chanced
to be my prisoner) a part of the army was guided into the
woods of Killbarry, part of Dromfynyn (adjoining to Sir
Walter Ealeghe's land), directly upon James FitzThoraas'
cabin, supposing he had been there ; but, the cry being raised
in the country, he made a narrow escape, as also the Romish
Bishop Craghe, who, being clothed in a simple churl's habit,
passed unknown, the soldiers pitying so poor a creature. But
the corn and houses ran the fortune of the fastness aforesaid.
In these services very few of ours but many of their people,
weaponed men and others, have fallen by the sword ; and
I doubt [not] but the order which I have left, and the securi-
ties which I have taken, in all these places, being the chief
receptacles of traitors, is such and so good, as that hereafter in
them they shall be debarred relief.
" For the getting of James McThomas, living or dead, no
mean hath been left unassayed ; . . but since neither promise
nor reward, nor yet love unto the young Earl, can move this
people to serve the Queen, or k> free themselves from trouble,
this last course of burning and spoiling underhand relievers
of traitors I do mean to continue, laying heavy inflictions
upon them, in hope thereby at the last (for their own ease)
to enforce them to do service upon them.
488 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
" James FitzThomas is never accompanied with above two
persons, rests in no one place a whole night, dares not trust
Piers Lacy, or few or none of his associates, sequestering him-
self from them all ; which fearful life he resolves to hold until
he may be aided out of the other provinces, whereof (if the
North be in those terms as is here reported . .) I hope his
hopes will fail him. John McThomas (brother to James) is
now with Tyrone soliciting that business. If he bring many
(which I wish he may if he bring any), the country is so
unable to relieve them as of necessity they must perish. If
the aids be small, I hope to yield your Lordships a good account
of their heads."
Florence McCartie still rests upon his two pledges. The
castle of Castlemaigne has been rendered to the Earl of Des-
mond, and a constable for her Majesty placed by me therein.
" The day I left Moallo, being the 17th of the last, Sir Charles
"Willinott, with the forces which lie hath in Kerry, sat down
before the castle of Lystoell (McMorys his strongest house),
which was victualled for six months at the least, well stored
with munition, and sufficiently guarded with a strong ward,
being a place without the cannon (as they held it) impreg-
nable ; but after 16 days' siege (one or two mines being made,
which failed by reason of the many springs that resorted unto
them) they found ground for their purpose, and having wrought
under the foundation of the castle walls into the midst of
the cellar and placed their powder ready to give fire, those
of the ward in the castle made humble submission upon their
knees to have their lives spared. Unto the which, although
Sir Charles was somewhat unwilling to consent, yet respecting
the conveniency of the place, how fit is to be kept for her
Majesty, which otherwise with the powder would have been
ruined, did accept of their submissions, so as they would
simply render themselves unto his mercy, whereunto they
gladly yielded ; of whom he presently executed nine, himself
having lost the like number at the siege. The rest (if his
promise be no farther engaged than I yet understand it) I
have given direction to be in like sort executed.
" In the said castle (unknown to Sir Charles) there was the
eldest son of McMorys (a child of five years old) carried out
stark naked, and all over smeared with dirt, in a poor rag at
a woman's back, like a beggar's child ; . . but afterwards . .
he recovered the infant, who by the woman that carried him
forth was conveyed six miles off into a wood almost un-
passable, and there kept with herself in a cave under the
ground.
" This escape of the child was practised by a priest called
Sir Dermot Broldy, who was then in the castle, and could not
be induced for fear of terror or otherwise to discover the
same, xintil Sir Charles was enforced to give promise that both
their lives should be spared. The priest and the child I have
ELIZABETH. 489
1600.
sent for ; out of whom my hope Is to wring some good matter
towards the advancement of her Majesty's service.
" McMorys himself is made a fugitive, and associates Piers
Lacy, having with them both not fully 100 rogues. And
now they, seeing themselves beaten out of the fastness which
(as aforesaid) I have burned and ransacked, are fled into
Ormond, where if they cannot procure Redmond Bourke to
join with them to raise a new head, they purpose (as I under-
stand) to pass into Ulster to attend Tyrone's leisure until he
shall be able to give them aid.
" The Knight of the Valley (as James McThomas) leads a
poor life, shrouded under the favour of pretended subjects,
who shall pay well for their kindness when I shall understand
who they be. By him, McMorys, and Piers Lacy, I am daily
solicited to receive them into her Majesty's mercy ; but
without service (meriting so great a favour) I do yet reject
them. . .
" To hold these men in this low and poor estate I know to
be within my power ; nevertheless it is very probable that they
may for a long time continue that manner of life by reason of
the favour which generally is borne them by the country ; and
so long as they shall live, there will evermore continue a hope
of new flames in the province, for fear whereof her Majesty shall
be enforced to keep a strong garrison against a weak enemy.
Wherefore, for the more speedy determining of her Majesty's
charge, if these three last-recited men, whom with James and
John McThomas I have hitherto, for example's sake, left as
children of perdition, will be humble suitors for safeties
of their lives, and put in good security for their future loyalties,
and leave their lands and inheritances at her Majesty's dispo-
sition, . . I think it were not amiss, upon condition of life
only, to receive them ; for otherwise the gaining of their
heads, for the reasons aforesaid, will be purchased at too dear a
rate. But for James and John FitzThomjis, who have as well
by act as writing declared themselves so infamous traitors, I do
think that no pain or charge can be ill bestowed for the ex-
tinguishing of them. This is but a project of my own, not know-
ing whether they prize their lives so far beyond their lands ;
but if they should become suitors in that form," let me know
your pleasure. "For the meriting of their lives and lands
by service upon James FitzThomas, or otherways, I am yet
altogether hopeless.
" There is not at this present . . any one castle or hold
within this province of Munster that is kept against her
Majesty ; and all those which I have taken are guarded with-
out increase of charge to h3r Highness. Only the castle of
Glan . . hath for the constable an extraordinary pay of
2s. 6d. per diem. The rest of the warders (in number 20)
are parcel of a company. And such as are not guarded by
soldiers are left in the hands of such, upon good recognizances,
as will be assured at all times safely to redeliver them." ^
490 CAREW MSS.
1600.
Besides the five rebels above recited and their followers,
there are divers other loose men of meaner quality dispersed
in every part . . for whom no man undertakes, and live only
by night spoils ; . . which kind of life they willingly continue,
not knowing how to live like subjects, and therefore do with-
hold themselves for being entered into or undertaken for by
any others' books. These vagabonds are evermore the reliques
of these rebellions, apt to join with any that shall continue
these broils. . . The reducing and shortening of them must
be done by time, wherein my uttermost endeavours shall not
be wanting."
That the late protectees in this province will remain in sub-
jection I am now more confident than heretofore, unless Spain
invade us ; " and that although Tyrone and the other parts
of Irelav.d do infest Munster with buonaghes, that none of
any quality, but those aforenamed which are kept out, will
personally assist' them. . . With the forces which are now
in Munster (albeit they are diminished in list 500 foot,
namely, 200 of Sir Henry Power's returned into Leinster,
100 discharged for the Earl of Desmond, 150 discharged by
the Lord Deputy's commandment out of my own company,
the Earl of Thomond's, and the Lord Audleye's, and 50 from
the beginning were never turned over to me) I will by the
help of God, in despite of all Ireland, hold this province in good
terms for her Majesty. And if the Lord Deputy at any time
shall please to command 1,000 foot more out of this province
to serve for a time in Leinster or places adjoining, I doubt
not but to be able to spare them ; humbly craving ....
that these 1,000 may be continued as part of my list and be
returned when the needful service is ended."
Moallo, 15th December 1600.
P.S. " Before the perclosing of this letter I had certain in-
telligence brought me that McMorys, the Knight of the Valley,
and Piers Lacy have left Ormonde, and are gone into Ulster,
having in their company 16 horses and hackneys and 50 foot,
in confident opinion to return with great supplies."
" Sent by Edward Clyfton."
Copy. Pp. 4.
Dec. 16. 502. SIR G. CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 42. " When I was last at Lymericke, Dermot O'Connor, brother-
in-law to the young Earl of Desmond, hearing of his arrival,
being desirous to see him, and, as he pretended unto me, to do
her Majesty some acceptable service, did by his letters humbly
entreat me to grant him a safeconduct for himself and his men
to come out of Connaght unto me into this province. I,
having good hope by his means to effect a good design upon the
traitors, yielded to his request, and . . did procure several
passes from Sir Arthur Savage, the governor there, and the Earl
of Clanrycard, by whose permissions he was to pass. Being
upon his journey, within 16 mile of Lyinericke (where I then
ELIZABETH. 491
1600.
was) in the Earl of Clan ry card's country, and having sent
towards him a convoy of soldiers for his safety through
Tomond, before they could come unto him Tybbot ne Longe
(in a pretended revenge of the Lord Bourke, formerly slain in
skirmish by Dermot O'Connor, he mistrusting no ill mea-
sure . . by any that was in her Majesty's pay) with a great
force assailed him upon the sudden, his men, to the number of
150, being dispersed at cess in villages adjoining. Of those
that were with him some were slain, himself taken prisoner
and hanged, and his head cut off and sent to Gallwaye.
" This murder so foully committed (besides the indignation
done unto the Queen, wherein her word is violated) I fear
x will prove to be a great impeachment to the service. While
Dermott was in rebellion, he received no harm either by Tybbot
or any other of the Irish companies in Connaght; but now
th'at they thought him sure to the State, to keep garboyles on
foot, which is their desire to continue themselves in wages, it
was held necessary as well to cut him off, in regard that by
his service the quiet of Munster should be better established,
as also to put fear in others how hereafter they should dare to
trust her Majesty's protections. . . I know not of one day's
service that Tybbot ne Longe hath performed ; wherefore how
well such a captain deserves to be continued in her Majesty's
pay I humbly refer to your Lordships' wisdoms. But of his
being conversant with the rebels, and his men mixing them-
selves with them against her Majesty's good subjects, an
example thereof was seen this last summer in Thomond, at the
spoil whereof with O'Donell many of those which were under
his leading and in the Queen's pay were actors. By letters
which I have received from my Lord of Clanrycard it appears
that his Lordship is highly offended with this fact; the copy
whereof, together with the copies of Thybbot ne Longe's letters
to the Earls of Clanrycard and Thomond, I send you here-
with. . . Write unto the Lord Deputy that some such order
may be taken therein as that the world may be possessed that
her Majesty is not pleased that her protections should be
infringed by subjects, and especially by those that are jn her
Majesty's pay.
" During my abode in the said town I had intelligences that
one Mary McShee, the Countess of Desmond's woman (who
served her at and ever since the rebellion of her husband, and
in whom she reposeth her greatest trust), was come thither.
But I, suspecting her errand to be no other than to come to
see the young Earl, look no knowledge of the same in three
days' space, to see whether the Earl would acquaint me with
such letters or messages as he should receive from his molher.
At the three days' end the Earl told me that presently then
before his coming unto me he had seen the party, but not
before. I replied that it was no news to me to know that she
was in the town, but prayed his Lordship to tell me what her
errand was. He answered that she came with lettei-s to his
492 CAREW MSS.
.1600.
sisters, and especially directed to his sister the Lady Joane,
only as she said to see them ; but unto him she neither brought
letter, message, or token.
" Whereupon I, suspecting some other special cause of her
coming, . . commanded her to come before me and the Coun-
cil, where, upon her examination (which, with these and the
Lady Joane's, I send unto your Lordships), she confessed that
she had brought letters from the Countess unto her daughters
Joane and Ellen, to her sister married to the Archbishop of
Cashell's son, and one to Sexton, a porter of the suburb gates
in the base town in Lymericke near the lodgings where the
ladies lay ; and that the special point of her errand was to
convey the Lady Joane to her mother, unto whom O'Donnell
had promised to consummate a marriage. To hasten this
lady away she also brought another letter, written from
O'Donnell to O'Connor Sligo. . . This marriage with O'Don-
nell she pretends was contracted by the Countess to the end to
reduce him to subjection, . . but as I suppose arid the rest of
the Council it can be to no other end intended than to kindle
new fire in this province.
" We likewise examined the Lady Joane and her sister the
Lady Ellen. The latter we found to be wholly ignorant in
this business ; but the Lady Joane confessed her knowledge,
but yet that she never intended any such matter without the
consent of her brother, whom in my conscience (and so is the
Council here persuaded) is a mere stranger to this practice;
for in the discovering of the same he showed as much diligence
and dexterity as he could, being grievously offended with his
mother, that would deal in a business of that weight, and so
nearly tending to his subversion if it should proceed. . .
" I could not for want of time deal further in this matter,
but presently committed the Lady Joane prisoner in an alder-
man's house in Lymerick, and Mary ny Shee, the Countess'
servant, close prisoner in the gaol, till leisure better serve for
farther examination thereof. . .
" The magistrates and inhabitants in corporate towns . .
(partly out of malice to the State for religious cause, but
especially for their own lucre, for that in turbulent times they
receive the Queen's treasure expended amongst them, issue
their mei-chandises to the rebels underhand at excessive rates,
and buy the country commodities at their own prices) . .
desire nothing more than a continual war, enriching themselves
more in one of these years than in seven others, as may appear
by all outward shows in building, &c., and by their known
wealth. They now seeing a peace in establishing, and fearing
to be called to account for their former transgressions, or for
some other hidden causes to them known, have in their towns
(which hath not oeen usual) made choice of professed lawyers
to be their magistrates, and such as beforetime were ringleaders
of their corporations ; namely, in Cork, John Meade, a man
known to your Lordships, and whom of late you have justly
ELIZABETH. 493
1GOO.
reproved ; in Lymerick, one Geoffrey Gallwaye, son to the
agent of that town attending your Lordships, and now, since
whose coming from the Inns of the Court, the inhabitants
thereof have run into all these disorders, . . and hath been
the special man that hath persuaded their forbearing to come
to the church, which formerly they were accustomed to do ;
in Waterford, one Edward Goughe, who is far more tractable
than the two former, but .-yet savouring of the law ; in
Cashell, the portrefe, the profoundest man of learning for the
civil law within the kingdom, and as obstinate as learned ; in
Clonmell, one Whyte, a lawyer, also is the sovereign, as much
Romish as any of the rest. Whether the sovereign of Kinsale
be a professed lawyer or no I do not well know, but that he
was brought up at the Inns of Court I have been informed ;
but sure I am he is no merchant. Only the towns of Youg-
hall and Killmallocke (in the which garrisons perpetually are
resident) excepted, there is not a man of any trade that for
this year bears public office in any of the corporate towns.
" What their purpose is in making the factious tribunes of
the people their magistrates, and all in one year in this dan-
gerous time, in the which nothing is more expected than
foreign invasion, your Lordships may judge not to be done out
of any loyal disposition. The best that can be made of it, that
this choice is made of these selected men, is either to continue
them in their obstinacies, or to shift off with evasions the
offences which they have committed, or both. To continue
these corporations in their obstinacies (whose large charters
are only used to defend themselves from doing of her Majesty's
service), . . their agents, which are still residing at Court, are
the principal instruments of the same, animating the towns-
men with their letters, fully promising what great enlargement
of their charters they will bring unto them, to defend them
from their due services. . . Be pleased to command them
away. . .
" Two days past a messenger which came from Donoghe
McCormock, called McDoiiough (now prisoner with Tyrone),
to his wife, daughter to the White Knight, brought me intel-
ligence that Tyrone had protested, upon his salvation, imme-
diately after these Christmas holidays, to send into Munster
2,000 foot and 300 horse under the command of Magwyre,
which although it be possible, yet I neither believe nor fear.
"At my late being at Clonniell, I related unto my Lord of
Ormonde the great disorders that are continued in his county
palatine, for the dregs of this rebellion remaineth there, and in
that country our fugitive rebels are most or altogether relieved.
Whereunto he agreed, and . . I found him very ready to have
the same redressed. And because his country of Ormond is
the door into Munster, and in the which Redmond Bourk, the
O'Maghors, and the Leinster rebels do continually reside, I
offered his Lordship, with the company I had with me, to go
into that country and to clear the same ; but his Lordship
494 CAREW MSS.
1600.
prayed me to leave that task to himself, and by consent Har-
lowe and Muskeryquerck were left to me, which I think I
have sufficiently harassed, Laving burnt above 400 stacks of
corn, most part wheat, and all the houses in them both ; which
done, the people immediately submitted themselves and put in
their pledges. As for Ormond I doubt not but his Lordship
will do as much, and that shortly."
Upon my return to Moallo I have sent for part of the
Council and the Judges to have their advice for the penning of
a general pardon with such exemptions as shall be thought
needful ; wherefore until you hear from me again I pray that
stay may be made thereof.
Moalloe, 16 December 1600.
" Sent by Edward Clyfton."
Copy. Pp. 3.
Dec. 16. 503. VICTUALLING of the ARMY in MUNSTEE.
Vol. 615, p. 128. Contract between certain of the Lords of the Council and
John Wood, of London, made at Whitehall 16 De-
cember 1600.
Great fault has been found with the victuals delivered to
the soldiers in Ireland. The fault is laid by the commissaries
on the providers, and by the providers on the commissaries.
John Wood, having contracted with their Lordships for the
provision of victuals for Munster, is to appoint a deputy there
to supply the place of the former commissary. Wood is re-
sponsible for the true and upright dealing of his deputy, who
is to be in Munster before the last of January next. He is to
keep sufficient servants ; to have the same allowance as the
late commissary; and to be accountable to the Treasurer
(Cary), &c., &c.
The commissary to have the use of all her Majesty's store-
houses with the utensils, and allowances for transportation,
storehouses, labourers, shipping, reshipping, wastes, and other
extraordinaries. If any victuals be burned or taken by the
enemy, &c., the undertaker shall not be answerable.
The commissary " shall be permitted to utter and sell to
the poor in the market towns where he shall reside, and near
\into him, such victuals as are decayable and unfit to be
uttered to the soldiers."
This contract shall surcease upon one year's warning.
" Signed by the Lord Treasurer, Lord Admiral, Mr. Secre-
tary Cecill, Sir John Fortescue."
Copy. Pp. 5. Endorsed.
Dec. 17. 504. LOED DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIE G. CABEW.
VoL 615, p. 35. I cannot hear of any likelihood that either Tyrone or these
parts will spare anj r supplies to the rebels of Munster. If I
shall certainly heur of it, I will not only haste away the
ELIZABETH. 495
1600.
companies you write of, but send you any further assistance."
I am now going to Monastereven, between Leix and Ophaly,
" to make the war of Leinster ;" so they will send no forces
into Munster.
Sir Arthur Savadge, going into England, desires to leave Sir
John Bartley as his deputy. " I have thrust up as many com-
panies as I could spare that way, not so much for the service
of Connaught, as to enable him to fall that way into Ophaly,
when I shall send to meet him, and, except you see very es-
pecial cause to the contrary, I pray, my Lord, send his com-
pany to Athlon e."
I much desire to speak with you, " both concerning the
public and many private matters;" some conference may
prove very " behooffull " for the service. I will meet you at
Carloh or any other place " that may not draw you too far
from your retreat ; and ... it will not be amiss that we
draw both our forces to either borders.''
*' I have received of late very gracious letters from her
Majesty, which doth much lighten my burthen and encourage
me to go on with my heavy task ; and if God bless us I hope
we shall give her a good account of our business. They are
content to continue the list at 14,000 as long as I shall think
fit. To please them I have taken this indifferent course of a
general cash of 50 in every 200, the list whereof I send you.
You shall raise your company again to 200 with the first that
falleth, and so do I resolve for mine and for the rest as com-
panies fall ; for I think it fit to continue most companies at'
200 and 150; and, as I hear, my 'Lords in England do
not dissent from this opinion. But this course I hold now to
make the cash ^appear the less to the rebel, who perchance
might otherwise take encouragement by it."
[Dublin], 17 December 1600.
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
II. " Companies of 200 from whom I have taken 50 from
every of them, by a new list signed 25 November 1GOO."
The Lord Deputy, Earl of Ormond, Lord President (Carew),
Lord Audley, Lord of Dunkellin, Earl of Thomond, Sirs
Chr. St. Laurence, Henry Dockwra, Samuel Bagnall, Arthur
Chichester, Arthur Savage, Henry Power, Charles Percy,
Oliver Lambert, Henry Davers, Richard Morison.
P. 1. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 33. 2. Copy.
Dec. 17. 505. VICTUALLING of the ARMY.
Vol. 615, p. 123. Instructions by the Privy Council to Allen Apsley, deputy
to John Wood, for issuing the victuals sent into Munster.
Whitehall, 17 December 1600.
Her Majesty provided a huge store of victuals for the army
in Ireland, but by negligence and evil dealing tli.-y have been
496 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
sold or made away with and others of meaner price substituted
for them, or else have become corrupt and unsweet. The
fault has been transferred from one officer to another. She
has therefore thought good to lay ^the charge of issuing the
victuals on the provider or his deputy. As you are nomi-
nated by John Wood to supply the place of the commissary
of the victuals, you are to observe these instructions.
Repair into Munster and receive the remain of the victuals
in store there from the commissary by indenture, subscribed
by you both and by the President (Carew) or his commis-
sioners.
You are to take into your custody all such victuals provided
hereafter by Wood as shall be allowed by the commissioners,
and by them and you adjudged wholesome and likely so to
continue for five months from the day of their lading at the
English port. Any victuals found to be evil conditioned are
to be returned to the provider. If after you have received
them they prove defective by your default within the time
limited, the loss must be laid upon you and Wood.
You are not to issue any victuals without warrant from the
President and Council of Munster.
The prices of the victuals are to be defaulked by the Trea-
surer (Gary) from the companies' entertainments.
" If any disorder be committed or abuse offered to you
there, or any of your servants or ministers," acquaint the
President therewith, that order may be taken for reformation
or punishment.
" If there shall fall out any waste in the said provisions
either by leak, moisture, or other casualty, and accident by
transportation by land or by sea, or by any unfit or incon-
venient rooms/' you are to acquaint the President therewith,
producing sufficient testimony of the truth, and of the quan-
tities " decayed, surprised by any ambush of the enemj r , by
fire or other inevitable danger become unfit to be used ;" her
Majesty to bear the loss thereof.
" Lay up these provisions orderly as they ought to be, with
turning, salting, and looking unto the same ;'' issuing first
what is likely soonest to decay. Acquaint the chief com-
mander what kinds are most and what least to the soldiers'
liking, and what may be had with less or as little charge in
those parts.
" Signed by the Lord Treasurer (Buckhurst), Lord Admiral
(Nottingham), Mr. Secretary Cccill, Sir John Fortescue."
" Concordat cum originali, W. Waad."
Copy. Pp. 5. Endorsed.
Dec. 18. 506. The EARL OF DESMOND to SIR ROBERT CECIL.
Vol. C04, p. 24C. My estate . . is so desperate in this kingdom that my
pei-son is not secured b}' these inhabitants, great or little, nor
able to do any service, by reason I want means to execute it.
ELIZABETH. 497
1GOO.
I do desire no perpetuity of her Majesty's charges towards me,
but of her favour ; neither do I desire to be here (God is my
witness) for any respect, except to do her Majesty true service.
If I had knowledge of James FitzThomas, where he were, I
have no command of force to take him. . .
" I find my honorable good Lord (Carew) kind unto me, but
I am contemptible to the country in regard that I see my
means under my Lord not so much as a private captain's to
follow the rebels if there were present occasion of service ; nor
in their good carriage to give me so much countenance as a
far meaner man than an Earl ; so as 1 do not at all, at least
very little, participate of the Italian proverb, Amor fa molto,
argentofu tutto.
" I hope your Honour hold.s your resolution for James
FitzThomas, Pyerce Lacy, and the Knight of the Valley's
lands, that I should have it. For MacMorrys his land mine
honorable good Lord hath an assured title to it ; and he that,
with your Honour's favour, got me to be entitled as I am, I
will never be so ingrateful as to possess anything of his, for it
cannot be but his gift, and the world can bind me no more
than 1 am.
" I humbly beseech you that these obstacles, that hinder the
ability of my ever willing serviceable testimonies, may not
make you expect those performances of my dutiful prosecutions
that their supply might give you just cause to expect, except
you send directions to enable me. Otherwise, let me have
leave to come into England, which, howsoever you procure
her Highness to make me great here, I protest, if it be put
to my choice. I shall always hold to be there best. . .
"The latter end of your letter maketh me to desire the
knowledge of that honorable personage whom her Highness
hath thought of my un worthiness ; . . by this bearer, my
servant, yielding many thanks for your infinite favours, and
having no offering of my love to send you but the Sugans'
Auncyent [i.e. ensign], which this bearer shall present you."
Signed: Desmond.
Copy in the hand of Cecil's clerk. Pp. 2.
Endorsed: 1COO, December 18. Copy of part of the Earl
of Desmond's letter to my master.
Dec. 20. 507. SECRETARIES CECIL and HERBERT to SIR G. CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. is. Upon the great importunity of the Lady Norreys, her
Majesty was pleased that one whom she named should com-
mand a company of 150 in that province (Munster). It seems
you have employed that company in remote places. "All the
good she was to reap thereby was only this that such a com-
pany might be placed there upon her own lands as would
make no havoc nor spoil, but be an instrument of collecting
all things to her use." Her Majesty desires " to gratify her,
whose husband died in her service." Whenever you remove
3. 39 II
498 CAREW MSS.
\
1600.
that company, you are to reserve 50 or more to guard the
castle.
From the Court at Whitehall, 20 December.
Signed : Ro. Cecyll, J. Herbert.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Dec. 20. 508. SIR G. CAREW to the PRIVY COUNCIL.
Vol. 620, p. 45. My last letters have been delayed until now for want
of wind.
" By her Majesty's letters formerly directed unto me, besides
the allowance . . . she bestows upon the Earl (of Desmond),
I was expressly commanded to allot unto the Lord Archbishop
of Cashell ten dead pays, the rest to be dispersed according to
my discretion upon the. Earl, his two sisters, and John Power.
Because the Earl shall the better endeavour himself
in her Majesty's services, I have thought good for a time not
to allow him so much as would arise to his part (all the other
parties satisfied), but do retain for a time the whole allowance
of the apparel, . . which hereafter, by his good deserving,
may be increased to him accordingly ; and for the present
have distributed the lendings only of 100 men, amounting unto
per annum 78 2 1. 2s. lO^d sterling, . . as folio weth, viz.:
To the Archbishop of Cashell . . ten dead pays at 8d. per
diem le piece, the sum of 1211. 13s. 4>d. per annum. Unto the
Lady Margaret, wife to Dermot O'Connor, deceased, in respect
of her losses and poverty, 1 OOZ. per annum. Unto the Lady
Ellys, 33. 6s. Sd. per annum, being the like pension which
Majesty . . hath bestowed upon the other two unmarried
sisters. Unto John Power, who hath sustained loss and travail
with hazard of his life in these late services, 2s. ster. per
diem. . . The remainder, which is 54(). 12s. lO^cZ. per annum,
is the portion allotted unto the Earl of Desmond ; with which
entertainments I have told him he must rest satisfied until
by his merit he may get enlargement of the same."
Your letter of 9th November, in behalf of Mr. Pyne, I cannot
yet answer for lack of conference with him.
By one James Spenser I received a letter from your Lord-
ships dated the last of November, to place him as commissary of
the musters here. " This Spenser, both too partial and over-
hasty in the following of his cause, will give me no breath to
consider and examine which of these commissaries is either the
insufficientest or dishonestest, and . . . the morning after the
delivery of his letter unto me would needs return to your
Lips, again, making his account, as I suppose, to procure from
you to me a check and reproof in that I would not presently
satisfy his request, which he would have me inconsiderately to
expedite ; whereof I humbly beseech your Lips, favourably to
censure. I find (Joanes excepted) there is not any of the
other three that I can commend for sufficiency, laying their
errors rather upon ignorance than falsehood. But now, if it be
ELIZABETH. 499
1600.
your Lips, pleasure that Spenser shall be placed in any of their
rooms, . . I do humbly pray you . . to displace one whom you
shall think most meet, for that I, knowing so well their great
losses in the late rebellion and the poor and weak estate of
them all, can hardly tell, without the utter undoing of some
one, whom to make choice of therein. In the mean time I will
reprove them sharply, for not doing their duties so particularly
and exactly as appertaineth, hoping that the same will be a
sufficient admonition unto them hereafter.
" It is given me to understand by Mr. Pyne that your Lips,
among other errors (for of all through weakness I cannot
excuse myself) have neglected to command the victualler and
the commissary Joanes to certify the state of both their
charges I do with these humbly present unto you a
letter from Apsley the victualler, by the which it may appear
unto you that unto him I have discharged my duty in that
point ; and that I have in like manner commanded Joanes to
certify his cheques. . . I have very often called upon him for
the same, and he (as he assured me) hath performed the same."
The passage being stayed for want of wind longer than I
expected, I have advised with the judges and part of the
Council touching the general pardon, and do send herewith a
draft of it. Her Majesty should, as in former cases, grant a
general pardon by proclamation.
Moalloe, 20 December 1600.
" Sent by Edward Clyfton."
Copy. Pp. 2.
Dec. 21. 509. The QUEEN to LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY.
Vol. 615, p. 25. We understand from our President of Munster that it will
be expedient to grant in that province a general pardon for
former offences, " whereunto the greatest part of them have
been violently carried rather by the power of the archtraitors
than by any wilful defection in their loyalty." We therefore
authorize you to cause such general and particular pardons
to be passed under the Great Seal to all and every the in-
habitants of that province, " either by ample words of our
general pardon " (as in Connaught), " or by particular names
of peculiar persons," as by our President and Council shaH be
desired, with such conditions and securities as they think
requisite. The fees of our Seal to be remitted or moderated.
"For a perpetual memory, in every such pardon, either
general or special, there shall be an express exception that the
same extend not to pardon James FitzThomas, usurping the
title of Earl of Desmond, John his brother, Piers Lacie, the
Knight of the Valley, nor Thomas FitzMorrice, son to the late
Baron of Lixnawe, who are known to have been the ring-
leaders to many monstrous and unnatural outrages. Neither
shall our pardon be available to any of the servants or followers
of the persons so excepted, unless those servants and followers
shall freely and j.l.solutely submit themselves, ... to !
I 1 -2
500 CAREW MSS.
I GOO.
bound with sureties for their future loyalty, within 20 days
after public proclamation made of this our gracious pardon."
Palace of Westm., 21 Dec. 1600.
Copy.* Pp. 2. Endorsed : This letter of her Majesty's
was received at Ballearthur the 6th January 1600.
Dec. 22. 510. LORD DEPUTY MOUNTJOY to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 615, p. 33. "Whereas Sir George Bourcher, Knt., is charged with a
proportion of munition to the value of 80Z. 11s. lid. ster., sent
to that province in the time of Sir Thomas Norries between
the llth of March 1598, June 1595, and the 17th of August
1599, which was alleged to have been delivered to the charge
of the said Sir Thomas, we ... require your Lordship to
examine the matter, . . . and to find out whether the said Sir
George had any clerk or other minister to take charge of the
said munition."
Dublin, 22 December 1600. Signed and sealed.
P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed.
Vol. 624, p. 35. 2. Copy.
Dec. 26. 511. The PRIVY COUNCIL to the LORD PRESIDENT and COUNCIL
Vol. 615, p. 209. of MUNSTER.
" We have seen a certificate of your Lordship and divers of
the nobility and the best gentlemen of the province of Munster,
declaring thereby that in your opinions John Lord Coursie is
the undoubted heir to the house of the Lord Coursie ; and
that Geratt, late Lord Coursie, his uncle, hath alienated all
the patrimony which was the maintenance of that ancient
barony ; which sales the Lord Coursie saith were to merchants
for small or no consideration, who detain from him the ancient
letters patents of the creation of that barony, and evidences of
entails belonging to him ; and that by reason of their wealth
and great friends (having no patrimony left him) he is not
able to recover his right by course of law to avoid those
alienations."
Her Majesty is inclined to give to the petitioner, for his
loyalty and services, any just means for the speedy recovery
of his right, if he be right heir, as is denied by one Galwaie,
a merchant. She therefore commands you, with the assistance
of two or three of the nobility of that province, and of Sir
Nicholas Walsh, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, sometime
Chief Justice of that province, to call before you the Lord
Coursie and the said merchants and examine the matter.
Restore him to his possessions if he proA T e to be the rightful
heir to the said barony.
* This copy was enclosed in the letter from Mountjoy to Carew, dated
13 Jan. 1601.
ELIZABETH. 501
1600.
And whereas lie desires to have a castle called the Old Head
of Kinsale restored to him, which Florence McCartie has kept
from him, if you think it safe for him to have the custody
thereof, and that it may ease her Majesty of the charge of the
ward now kept there, then, upon proof of his title, you shall
restore it to him.
Whitehall, 26th December 1600.
Signed : Jo. Cant., Tho. Egerton, C.S., T. Buchurst, Not-
ingham, W. Knollys, Ro. Cecyll, J. Fortescu, Jo. Popham,
J. Herbert.
Pp. 2. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew: Received the
29th of April 1601.
Dec. 28. 512. SIR ROBERT CECIL to SIR GEORGE CAREW.
Vol. 604, p. 63. This letter which is written by us concerning the disposing
of the company is according to her 1 Majesty's pleasure. .
It must not be traversed nor delayed, if you will free me from
an importunity which I am most desirous to escape. . .
Yours, al solito, Ro. Cecyll.
" We have not heard from you this month.
" December 28th."*
Holograph. P. 1. Addressed. Endorsed by Carew: Mr.
Secretary, the 8th of December 1600; received 3rd March
[Dec. ?] 513. The GENERAL PARDON.
Vol. 632, p. 220. A draught for a general Pardon for the Province of Mounster
in anno 1600/'f
" Elizabeth, &c. Whereas traditions from our progenitors
and particular experience in our own government hath given
us too many testimonies of the unnatural inclination of the
Irish multitude of that our kingdom of Ireland, who . . .
endeavour nothing so much as their lawless liberty, thereby
to execute inhuman practices, depredations, and stirring up of
execrable rebellions, . . . notwithstanding the excessive costs
and great care eftsounes had and extended to them by us and
our famous progenitors, by granting general freedoms and
immunities to cities and corporate towns, by giving lands,
pensions, livings, and other bounties to the chiefest of them,
and by ministering our common justice with indifferency unto
all our people ; ... we might be doubtfully carried what to
prescribe in restraint of their ill humours."
We have sustained excessive expenses and loss of people in
suppressing the manifold rebellions in Munster, to free our
well-affected subjects from tyranny and exactions ; and we
pardoned the actors and contrivers thereof, "granting seig-
* Or 8th ? The " 2 " is blurred.
f This date is added in Carew's hand.
3 9 *
502 CAREW MSS.
1600.
niorities and planting colonies of English subjects among them
upon the demesne lands of our crown within that province, by
whose carriage and civilities in their several degrees we hoped
every other should take respective example of imitation."
Their ingratitude is witnessed by this new revolt, " first
kindled and sithence upholded by such abject persons as ...
are particularly stained with the guilt of horrible inhumanities,
and unnatural knowledge of their own offspring," and who
have practised the drawing of foreign powers into that our
kingdom ; in which action our revolted subjects of Munster
have joined. But it has pleased God to frustrate their hopes
of foreign aid, and to abate the pride of that home-born com-
motion, forcing the original contrivers thereof to fly to obscure
woods.
As the adherence of many that joined in this action was
compulsory, we have thought good to " grant, publish,
and pronounce this our general and free pardon, of lands,
goods, and lives, to all the inhabitants, men, women, and
children, within that our province of Munster."
Provided always that this pardon shall not extend to the
traitors, James FitzThomas Desmond, John FitzThomas
Desmond, Thomas FitzMorris, eldest son to the late traitorous
Baron Lixnawe, Edmond FitzThomas FitzGerald, commonly
called the Knight of the Valley, and Peirce Lacye of the Bruffe,
in co. Limerick ; to any Jesuit, seminary, or traitorly priest ;
to any merchant, freeman, or dweller in any city or corporate
town ; to any who were in actual rebellion and carried arms
against us ; to any person condemned, or in prison, or upon
bonds ; nor to any but such as within six months shall appear
before our President, Chief Justice, Second Justice, and
Attorney of our said province, or any two of them that the
President shall appoint, beseech the benefit of this our pardon,
and give good security, or find some nobleman, knight, esquire,
or gentleman to " book " and undertake for them. Such books
shall be entered into the Council Book of that province.
Copy. Pp. 7.
514. ARMY ORDERS.
VoL 614, p. 216. Laws and Orders of War established for the good conduct
of the Service of Ireland," by Lord Mountjoy, K.G.,
Lord Deputy General.
I charge all officers of the army " to see that Almighty God
be duly served, that sermons [and] morning and evening
prayer be diligently frequented, and that those that often and
wilfully absent themselves be duly punished. Let no man
speak impiously and maliciously against the holy and blessed
Trinity, . . or against the known articles of the Christian
faith, upon pain of death. Let no man speak impiously, or
maliciously blaspheme God's holy name, or use unlawful oaths
or execrations, or commit any irreligious act to the derogation
ELIZABETH. 503
1GOO.
of God's honour, upon pain of loss of his pay, imprisonment,
and such further punishment as a martial court shall think
his offence deserves. No man shall use any traitorous word
against her Majesty's person or royal authority, upon pain
of death."
Pain of death also to any man, English or Irish, who shall
have conference with, harbour, or relieve any enemy or rebel ;
who shall " run to the enemy or rebel that is in action, or
depart the army without licence ;" or who shall " commit
any murther, or kill any person, or draw blood of any, or
draw any sword in private quarrel."
" No man shall ravish or force any woman upon pain of
death ; and adulteries or fornications shall be punished by
imprisonment, banishment from the army, or such other
penalty as by the marshal's court shall be thought meet/'
Pain of death also to any man stealing treasure, victual, or
munition from her Majesty or any person above the value of
12cZ. ; to any man who delivers up any fort or makes any
ignominious composition with rebels ; to any man throwing
away his arms or abandoning his ensign ; to any sentinel
found sleeping or leaving his post ; to any man offering vio-
lence to his commander, or speaking words likely to breed a
mutiny ; to any man outraging any that bring victual to the
army ; to any man who, pretending to be a soldier, shall
remain three days in the army after it is on foot, except he be
enrolled ; to any soldier burning any house or lodging, 05 burn-
ing or spoiling any corn, ship, boat, carriage, or any other thing
that may serve for the provision of the army ; to any man
departing a mile out of the army ; to any soldier breaking his
order to follow any rout or chase, or to seek any prey or spoil ;
to any man who, having a passport, shall exceed the time
limited for his absence, " except he can prove he was stayed
by the hand of God ;" to any provider, keeper, or officer of
her Majesty's [victuals ?] or munitions, who shall embezzle
any part thereof, or give any false account ; to any man who
wilfully fails to come to the rendezvous assigned by the
general; to any soldier answering for another in musters,
or taking two pays ; to any soldier departing from his cap-
tain, or servant from his master, without licence, " though he
serve still in the army ;" to any soldier selling or laying to
pawn his horse or hackney, or any part of his furniture, arms,
or apparel, " for respect or pretence of want whatsoever," and
any inhabitant buying or taking the same to pawn to be
imprisoned and to forfeit double the value.
No captain or officer to give passports without warrant
from the general.
All bands of footmen shall, in passing through the Pale or
other countries in obedience, march ten miles a day or there-
abouts ; and shall commit no waste, spoil, violence, or " extort
any victuals or money, or pawn in lieu of victuals, from any
good subject, but shall content themselves with . . a supper
504 CAREW MSS.
1600.
and breakfast in one place only, upon pain of such sharp
punishment as the Lord Deputy or other magistrate . . shall
think good to inflict, be it by death, imprisonment, or other
corporal punishment."
" But if upon any occasion of march through the country
the soldier shall be in want, that then the officer, with the
advice, consent, and assistance of the sheriff, sub-sheriff, col-
lectors, or other her Majesty's officers in that barony or the
next adjoining, if they be present or may be found, shall seek
and provide such diet and lodging for them as shall be fit, at
reasonable rates heretofore accustomed, for the which the
captain or officer shall give ready money, or for want thereof
deliver his ticket."
" If any horseman shall lose his horse or hackney, or foot-
man any part of his armour, by negligence or other lewdness,
. . he shall serve in the state and [place ?] of a pioneer, or
sustain further punishment."
" Whensoever any prey or spoil shall be taken from the
rebel, . . that no officer or soldier do attempt to embezzle
or purloin any part thereof, upon pain of death."
No captain or other that shall take any prisoner shall de-
liver, ransom, or conceal him, but within 24 hours shall make
the same known to the chief commander, and deliver the
prisoner to the Provost Marshal, upon pain of death.
No person shall receive any soldier into their service not
having a sufficient discharge and passport, or conceal any
such runaway, or use means to convey them out of the
kingdom, upon pain of imprisonment or other punishment.
" No magistrate or officer of any city or corporate town
shall presume to imprison or detain the body of any soldier
above 24 hours, or to inflict any punishment upon him for
any offence, but shall deliver all such to the Provost Marshal
to be tried by the speedy course of martial law."
Captains to be diligent in training their companies, &c.
They " shall see their companies do orderly quarter as they
are appointed, and to entrench or fortify as much of the
quarter as they are appointed."
" The goods of such as die in the army, if they make any
will by writing or word, shall be disposed according to the
will. If they make no will it shall be distributed to the
hurt, sick, and poor of the company whereof the soldier was,
or shall go to the hospital of the army."
No man to enter or go out of the army but by ordinary
ways.
" No man shall give any disgraceful words, or commit any
act to the disgrace of any person in these armies or any part
thereof, upon pain of imprisonment, public disarming, and
banishment from the army, as men for ever disabled to carry
arms. And as I forbid all men under ray rule to renew any
old quarrel or to begin any new, so I do acquit and discharge
all men that shall have quarrels offered to them, or challenges
ELIZABETH. 505
1600.
made to them, of any disgrace or opinion of any disadvan-
tage."
Every soldier or officer found drunk shall be committed to
prison for the first offence, and for the second shall, in ad-
dition, if a soldier, forfeit two months' pay, or, if an officer
lose his place. " The third time shall have such far greater
punishment as a marshal's court shall set down."
" Every private man and soldier, upon pain of imprison-
ment, shall keep silence when the army is to take lodging, or
when it is marching or imbattling, so as the officers mav be
i j tt ~
heard.
" No soldier serving on foot shall carry any boy, nor no
woman shall be suffered to follow the army."
Pp.8. Endorsed: 1600. For my Lord President.
515. " NOTES for the GOVERNMENT of IRELAND, 1600." *
Vol. 614, p. 277. " A town to be builded at Castlemange or Traly ; but at
Tralie rather, for that it is more open to the sea and land
than the other, and more convenient for the whole shire.
" The bridges to be builded as your Lordship appointed ;
and the bridge of Lixnawe, Castlemange, and the Gowlyn,
near Caishell, to be repaired.
" A general order or concordatum for remission, as well of
challenges and spoils committed in the last rebellion, as of
arrearages of her Majesty's rents and composition since the
rebellion.
" No man, of what condition soever, to hold any office of
her Majesty either in town or country before he be first sworn
to the Supremacy, and come to hear service and sermons
according to her Majesty's injunctions.
" No priest to be admitted, nor any man suffered to keep a
priest private in his house, but the common parish priest, that
shall swear and do as aforesaid ; for these be they that hatch
all rebellion.
" To build a bridge over the Barowe at Bealin, and another
over the. Oare at Watercastle or thereabouts, and another at
Porfcnehinsh, between the forts of Phillipston and Mariborough.
" To build a bridge over the Eney in the borders of West-
meath and Loncrfbrt, and another at Bealtarbart, in the
borders of O'Reylie's, Maguyre's, and McMahowne's countries ;
and to build a town and bridge at Bealashany, the passap* 1
between Ulster and Connaught.
"To extinguish the government of Connaught utterly upon
the establishment of a President and State in Ulster, and the
Deputy or General for the most part to reside at Athlone,
whence he may be upon any occasion in any province of Ire-
land within 24 hours, and where with most convenience he
may receive intelligence from all parts of the kingdom. . .
* This heading is in Carew's hand.
506 CAREW MSS.
1600.
" Now that the Moores and Connors are fewer in number
and poorer than ever they were, and therefore the easier to be
removed to some foreign country, which will be the best
means to quiet all Leinster, her Majesty thereupon may ex-
tinguish the two governments of Leise and Ophalie, and save
all that charge, except only the wards of the two forts ; and
the countries to be governed as the rest of the Pale.
*' A fort in Feagh McHughe's country and another amongst
the Cavaners.
" Dowa, with the lands of Cosfealie, belonging to Edmond
FitzJames, containing six plowlands.
" Balligoddran and Galie, belonging to Thomas McKelgott,
containing 11 plowlands.
" Fynallymore, and certain parcels in Crebronagh, belong-
ing to one Browne, four plowlands.
" Rathkeney and Bally obin, with other small parcels in
Maghery O'Dorny, six plowlands, belonging to Shane Oge of
Kilfinorigh."
Pp. 2. Endorsed by Carew : Notes for Ireland.
516. The COINAGE.
Vol. 607, p. 224. " Three benefits are pretended to grow to the Queen by the
use of base moneys in Ireland :(!.) The saving of a great
part of her yearly expense in money, which, as things stand
now, is 160,000^. sterling. (2.) The drawing of all good
moneys of gold and silver out of Ireland into this realm by
exchange. (3.) . . The rebel, robbed of his fine moneys, shall
have no means to use commerce with other nations, whereby
he now supplieth his wants, and so of necessity grow weak.
" To all which three benefits pretended may be objected as
followeth " : 1st. If the Queen maintain an exchange there
is no gain equivalent to the scandal and trouble which the
innovation will breed. 2nd. " Retiring the moneys of Ireland
hither . . is simply no benefit to the Queen in peculiar for
the ease of her expense ; for it must come to her with a charge,
viz., with the loss of a twentieth part in every pound."
It is some benefit to the realm in general if it remain.
But if so much base money as the Queen shall coin out of the
fine money be returned once a year to the exchange, she shall
lose and not gain. For example :
Suppose, upon the first publishing of the new standard,
1 ,0001. of moneys, plate, or bullion be brought to the mint or
exchange, upon the Queen's offer of II. 3s. 4<d. base for 11. fine
moneys, for which the Treasurer returneth bills of exchange to
Chester to pay sterling, deducting 2s. in the ll. There is a
loss of 50Z.
This 9501. is coined either here or there into 3,8001. new
standard, viz., four for one. Thus saving, in paying the same
again, three parts in four, or 6331. 6s. 8d.
Supposing those who have received this 3,8001. return one-
half to the exchange hei-e and receive (deducting 2s. in the 1Z.)
ELIZABETH. 507
1600.
1,710?. The Queen hath, instead of 950?. ster., 1,710. base
moneys, worth 427?. or thereabouts.
This loss deducted from the gain of 633?. 6s. 8d. leaves a
clear gain of but 206?. 6s. 8d.
If two-thirds of the base money be returned by exchange,
by a similar calculation a clear loss to the Queen is shown.
If the whole be returned the loss is still greater.
" Touching this retiring of fine moneys from the Irish, it is
further to be considered whether the receipt of them shall be
in Ireland or England, in either of which falleth out a further
charge to the Queen, no way recompensed by the exchange."
If in Ireland the building of houses, furnaces, and pro-
vision of instruments for coinage ; the sending of metal from
hence to mix with the silver and moneys ; also of officers and
labourers, " for they cannot be found skilful there."
Then the bullion remains there, though in a baser mixture,
and there is no benefit to this realm or to the Queen, who will
also have to bear the charge of the coinage.
If the bullion be sent hither, the Queen bears the charge
and hazard of transportation, if it be coined at the Tower ;
and if at places upon the coast the erection of houses and
officers to attend to it also.
If it be not coined when here, the Queen makes no benefit
but only that the money is in the realm.
The third benefit is but a fallacy, for as long as there is any
money current that hath silver or gold in it, the [foreign]
merchants will receive it, proportioning the price of their wares
to its worth.
Last of all, because the merchant loseth 2s. in the 11. upon
his exchange, either he will not trade, or he must enhance
the price of his wares 10 per cent. " And that charge shall
light for the most part upon the Queen's best subjects and
servants, as the Deputy and officers of the realm, the
nobility, the colonels and captains, and the towns."
" Further, that fairest pretence of winning time and pay-
ment of the army with little money for the present is more
in show than in substance. For considering that there must
be coined 40,000?. for the army and 40,000?. for commutation
and what stock is requisite to answer the exchange, the
Queen shall use as great a bulk of fine moneys presently as if
there were no abasing of the coin." For example : Suppose
10,000?. ster. be required to make 40,000?. base moneys for
three months' pay for the army, and 18,000?. ster. to answer
the exchange of the one-half, and 10,000?. ster. more to make
40,000?. for commutation and 18,000?. to answer the exchange,
and 10,000?. more for the next three months' pay to the army.
All this amounts to 66,000?. for the first half year. Whereas
the half year's charge now is but 80,000?., and adding the
charges of coinage and transportation, which will be 5,000?.,
" there is no more odds in sterling money requisite to serve
the one way or the other, but only 9,000?."
Dated by Carew, " 1600."
Pp.4.
508 CAREW MSS.
1600.
517. " A PROJECT for IRELAND, inclined to peace and obedience
Vol. 607, p. 228. to her Majesty."
" There be t\vo things required for reducing the kingdom
of Ireland unto a rich and prosperous state, which must go
hand in hand together. The one is to be performed by the
Queen's Majesty unto her subjects of Ireland. The other by
the subjects reciprocally unto the Queen their Sovereign.
" Touching the first. Her Majesty may be pleased (in
manner hereafter expressed) to restore again a rich and sterling
coin proper to that kingdom.
" Touching the second. The subjects of Ireland in like
manner must be content (according to their small ability)
something to contribute unto her Majesty (as all subjects eke
of the world do unto their Prince) towards the excessive
charges her Majesty hath been at and must continue for main-
tenance of the kingdom as well in times of peace as war. . .
" I. Considerations fit to be had for restoring of a rich coin
again in Ireland with a perpetual continuance of the
same.
" It is to be considered that the Queen maintaineth a ster-
ling coin in England only by industry of the English subjects;
the countryman in raising, the merchant in vending, of English
commodities ; for which is procured and brought into the
realm gold and silver, whereby the mint is maintained ; the
merchant selling his bullion to her Majesty's mint for good and
ready money to the Queen's advantage and enriching of
English subjects.
" Then as gold and silver are not growing in England no
more than in Ireland, so it is not meet that the treasure
gotten in England by the sweat of English subjects should
be exhausted into Ireland to the impoverishing of England,
especially to strengthen rebels thereby against her Majesty.
" Wherefore if the subjects of Ireland (who have in God's
bounty and nature a fertile land) shall in equal balance weigh
these things, they shall not find it strange that her Majesty
hath withdrawn sterling coin or English money from them.
" But no doubt her Majesty will be very graciously inclined
to restore unto them a sterling coin proper unto themselves
(as it is meet a kingdom should have) having a ground to
maintain the same in any indifferent measure as she doth in
her realm of England. For present effecting whereof, and for
a perpetual establishment of rich moneys in Ireland, this must
lie the course.
" (1.) The Queen to erect a mint at Dublin.
" (2.) To coin their moneys of fine and sterling silver; viz.,
of 1 1 oz. 2 dwt. fine silver and 1 8 dwt. of alloy.
"(3.) The Irish shilling of the standard of sterling (as
aforesaid) to weigh 9d. English money.
" (4.) To proclaim that whosoever will bring into the said
mint either gold or silver, fine or base, in moneys, plate, or
ELIZABETH. 509
1600.
bullion, they shall receive for the same ready money of
sterling current in Ireland according to the value, viz., for
every oz. of sterling silver 6s. sterling money of Ireland. . . .
All charges defrayed of coinage, for workmanship, and waste
in all mints allowed.
" For confirmation of the foresaid articles severally these
are the reasons presently to be yielded.
"(1.) A mint is a regal ornament and a prerogative per-
tinent to a kingdom ; the means and mystery to attract
and draw treasure from foreign parts ; as also to invest the
kingdom in a property and possession of their own moneys
and treasure purchased and procured by vent of their native
commodities. For the species or matter of moneys being their
own, and the coinage (by her Majesty's prerogative) within
themselves, they shall not be driven to send nor carry away
their bullion to be minted in a foreign country, having as
great privilege by a mint in the use and disposing of their
treasure to their most advantage as any kingdom of the world
can have.
'* But without a mint the state of a kingdom shall be
evermore defective, being constrained to use the moneys of a
foreign country, and to send out their bullion to be minted
into the coins of another kingdom, which is as much as to
drive away merchants from bringing any bullion unto them.
" Moreover, a mint being settled in Ireland (as the kingdom
is able to maintain it, and will be better enabled every day,
when com and victuals, which are best merchandises to
procure bullion, shall be increased), it shall perpetually establish
the state of a rich money in the kingdom.
" Because the Prince's profits will most consist in the good-
ness of the moneys ; and shall never have reason to imbase
the same while the kingdom can maintain a mint ; which shall
be a great honour unto the kingdom of Ireland and a mystery
of State very advantageous unto her Majesty, who cannot
think she is Queen of a beggarly kingdom that so can do.
" (2.) The second article is confirmed in the former reason ;
for the profits both of Prince and subject consist in good-
ness of the moneys.
" (3.) The third article reserveth an advantage to the Queen,
but not any way hurtful to the State of Ireland ; concerning
which more needeth not be spoken at this present.
" (4.) The fourth article offereth a means presently to set a
mint going in Ireland, whereby they shall presently enter
themselves into possession of a rich coin, which is the first
step unto great happiness.
" Therefore to draw on her Majesty to make no more pay in
base money within the kingdom, to divert the violent current
of present miseries, and to leave no mention of base commixt
moneys, which else will be as foul scars remaining of their
former rebellions and misdemeanours, let every man (that
wisheth to see happy days in his country) be content with loss
510 CAREW MSS.
1600.
to convert all his base money (holding any silver in them)
into pure coin and current money of their kingdom. The
rather also, because they shall have the value of the silver in
them contained, as before hath been expressed. And it shall
be better thus to do than to carry the same out of the realm,
where they shall never make so much of them ; besides with
greater costs, more hazard, and the hindrance of a public good
unto the kingdom.
" Thus far concerning the first part for restoring of rich coins
again after a more honorable sort than ever Ireland had them,
and in a perpetuity never more to be altered, by means only
of settling a mint in the kingdom. "Which may be well
begun by the former motion, and better continued when they
begin to taste the sweetness of peace, which shall increase
commodities and traffic with importation of gold and silver.
ii. "Touching the second part, to be performed by the
Subjects of Ireland towards her Majesty.
" It is a matter fit to be considered that no Prince of the
world doth possess a kingdom which yieldeth not some com-
modity unto him. But her Majesty hath always spent more
than she ever received out of Ireland when the country
charged her least, and for many years now together hath
received nothing, . . . which hath justly excited her Majesty
to take hard courses until she may find some benefit and ease
of charges from her subjects there.
" And forasmuch as the country of Ireland for the most
part hath contributed largely unto the unlawful charges in
maintenance of rebels' forces, her Majesty by good right may
expect some measure of contribution (though but moderate
and easy, having regard to the time) towards the charges of
her army there still to be continued for defence of the kingdom
against foreign and civil enemies ; wherein no evasion by
pleading of poverty can excuse them, if having undergone so
great taxes to the supporting of the rebels, they should now
seem to groan under a feather imposed upon them by their
lawful Prince and Sovereign.
" It may therefore please the Lord Deputy, with advice of
the lords and signiors of countries, as also of magistrates in
the towns, to cess the kingdom moderately, viz., some to pay
money by the year, especially the towns, and they which have
not money to pay rent, corn, or any kind of commodity
merchandable, which the Queen's merchants (to be ordained
for that service) shall receive, and pay unto her Majesty other
moneys current of Ireland, or bullion, which may be coined in
the mint at Dublin to pay the army ; for the army must then
be paid in sterling current moneys of Ireland, which her
Majesty will not be pleased to issue altogether out of her own
coffers. But by means of this aid and contribution from her
subjects in Ireland, her Majesty will be induced to pay al-
ELIZABETH. 51 1
1600.
together in the sterling moneys current in the kingdom.
Wherefore, without some consideration from the subjects of
Ireland, this project cannot hold, which tendeth to great
happiness of the kingdom, if they be capable of their own
good, offered in a time of grace.
" For as her Majesty doubtless will be graciously inclined
upon any good motion from the Lord Deputy to respect her
subjects of Ireland, so must subjects have a reciprocal care and
respect unto their Sovereign.
" If this project shall take good effect in Ireland, the army
may receive their full pay there, and buy provisions of the
provant merchants or elsewhere for ready money to their best
choice and liking."
P-p: 4. Dated by .Carew, " 1600."
518. MUSKRY.
Vol. 607, p. I57a. " A Note of Cormock McTeig's* living in Muskry when Sir
Dermod McTeig held the Lordship."f
The castle, town, and lands of Carignymuk, 10 J plowlands,
with reservations upon certain lands. Upon the lands and
territories of Ivelery, two days' and nights' refection quarterly,
or instead of every refection two marks ster. Similar refec-
tions upon the territories of Iflanluo, Clan Cnoghos, Clanfynyn,
Ballywourny, Downaghmore, Eanywry, Aghybollig, Agh-
Inagh, Ballywneyrane, arid Aharlaghraore. Total, 58 marks.
" Item, at the coming in to his lands of any chieftain in the
country, as O'Lery, O'Hialyhy, etc., after the death of his
predecessor, 41. 9s. ster.
" These and other small duties, rents, and sendees the said
Sir Cormock McTeig had and enjoyed in Muskry during the
life of his eldest brother, which was incident and due time
out of mind, as an annuity and living to the second and nearest
brother to the Lord of Muskry. All which we, the offspring
and issue male of the said Cormock, do humbly pray the
allowance thereof, or, instead of the same, such reasonable
recompense of land and living as in your honorable discretion
shall be thought meet."
tfiyned : By me, Don : McCormocke Carty.
P.I.
II. " A Js'ote of all the Lands and Castles in Muskry."
" First, in Old Miiskry and be-north the river of Lee, then-
is belonging to the Lord of Muskry of his own demesne lands,
besides freeholders', 38 quarters and 2 plowland[s] ; every
quarter containing three plowland[s]. Item, . . freeholders'
* " McCarti<' " in the margin,
f Dated by ('arew, " 1GKJ."
512 CAREW MSS.
1GOO.
lands, who payetli to the said Lord of Muskry great rents and
duties yearly, 22 quarters of land. All these are besides Owen
McTeig [McCartie of the Drissan], and Kallaghan McTeig [of
Carrignemucke], who hath several parcels of lands which
ought nothing to the Lord of Muskry. Item, be-south the
said river the said Lord of Muskry hath of his own demesne
lands 16 quarters of land ; and of freeholders' lands, which
by the said Lord are set and let yearly at great rents, duties,
and services, 27 quarters. So that of his own the said Lord's
demesnes, and of the lands that are holden of him, . . are
309 plowland[s]."
in. " The Names of the Castles belonging to the Lord or
Chieftain of Muskry."
The castles of Blarny, Kilcrea, Mocrompy, and Carignywar,
" now in possession." Castle ny Hinshy with Cormocke's
mother, Castle More with Kallaghan McTeig, and the Castle
of Carrigdrohid with Dame Johan Butler, for term of life,
with remainders to the Lord of Muskry.
" The castle, town, and lands of Carrignymuk ordered to
Kallaghan McTeig, to hold to him and his heirs males for ever
for the reservation of a rose or a grain of wheat by the year."
Signed : By me, Don : McCormocke Carty.
Pp. 2. Endorsed by Caretv: A. note of all the lands in
Muskrie Clan Dermond, and what lands and duties Sir
Cormock McTeg had upon the country when he was Tanist.
519. MUSKRY.
Vol. 635, p. I79a. A Note of all the Lands and Castles in Muskry McDermond,
near Cork, viz. in anno 1600."
Same as n. in the preceding document.
ii. " A Note of the Castles in Muskrie."
Same as in. in ilte preceding, with the folloiving addi-
tions : Carrigdroid, in the possession of Sir Cormocke
McTeg's widow during life ; Cloghphillippe, in the possession
of Donoghe McCormocke and his heirs for ever ; McShaneglasse,
in ihe possession of Owen Loghie McSwyne, a freeholder, to
him and his heirs for ever ; Cloghda, in the possession of Brian
McOwen Loghie, a freeholder, to him and his heirs for ever ;
Carrignecorraghe and Carigueyleghe, in the possession of
O'Lerie, to him and his heirs for ever ; Carigfallcaghe and
Drissan, in the possession of Owen McTeg Cartie, to him and
his heirs for ever (he hath also the castle of Cai'igepookie) ;
Downdererige, in the possession of Fynin McDonell Oge
Cartie.
in. " The Septs of the Carties in Muskrie."
Clan Cormocke Oge, Slught Decane, Slught Twonedromm,
Slught Cloghroe, the sept of Clanfkddaghe, the sept of Shane-
killie. Total, 6G plowlands.
ELIZABETH. 513
1600.
IV. " The Septs of Freeholders in Muskrie."
"O'Lerie, 30 ploughlands of the O'Leries ; Iflanloghe, 29 pi.
of the O'Mahons; Clanconogher, 18 pi. of the O'Mahons -
Clanfynin, 16 pi. of the O'Mahons. 93 pi."
; Riordens, Morohoes, Clancalloghans, McSwynes : " these be
followers in Muskrye."
v. Countries in Muskrye.
O'Healies, O'Herlies, O'Longe, O'Cronin. 36 pL
Hegans (brehons), Aulyves alias O'Levies (surgeons),
O'Dallies (rimers), O'Donins (chroniclers). 8 pi.
Pp. 2. In Carew's hand.
520. LORD BARRY'S LANDS in Co. CORK, 1600.
Vol. 6H, p. 101. Barries-Court, 18 plowlands. Inchinibakye, 4 pi. Castell-
Lions, 30 pi. Botevant and Lescarroll in Orerye, 40 pi.
Timologe, Ratheharry, and Lislie in Ybawne, 300 pi. Total,
392 pi.
" Also the said Lord Barry hath the letting and setting to
his own use three parts of every freeholder's lands within the
manors aforesaid ; which do amount in all by estimation of
Irish measure unto 1 ,000 plowlands."
P. 1 . In Carew's hand. Endorsed.
521. TlPPERARY.
Vol. 614, p. 103. The Baronies in the County of Tipperary, and what Septs
inhabit them, and also what number of plowlands in
every barony, 1600."
" Lower Ormond : the three O'Kenidies. Upper Ormond :
McTeg of the Kenedies, whose chief house is Badinedoghie ;
in it is also the castle and abbey of Nenaghe, the Earl
of Ormond's lands ; the O'Mares, the Hegans, the Hogans.
Plowlands 200."
Owney O'Mulrian (part of this barony is in co. Limerick) :
O'Mulrians. In this barony is the abbey of Owney, Sir
Edmond Wellshe's house, which was built by the White Earl
of Ormond. 60 pi.
Kilnemanaghe : O'Duire, descended from the O'Briens.
40 pi., besides the Crosse lands.
Ikerine : O'Magher and the Earl of Ormond's castle of
Roskrey is in this precinct. 40 pi.
Eliogortie : Parcel, Baron of Loughmay, Cantwell of
Mocanke (?). It hath in it the abbey of Crosse, Thurles
Castle, and Templemore, the Earl of Ormond's lands. 60 pi.
Slewardie : Sir James Oge Butler, Faninge, Cantwell, Leffar,
Mariner. 60 pi.
Dow Arra: McBrien Arra, descended from O'Brien of
Tomond. 40 pi.
3. E K
514 CAREW MSS.
1600.
Eliaghe and Kilinaghlohart : McWater Burke in Eliaghe;
Donoghe McShaneglasse O'Mulrian. 24 pL
East Clanwilliam : the Burkes of Muskrie, the Burkes of
Onaught, the Burkes of Coshnaie, part of the O'Briens of
Arloghe. 50 pi.
Comshey (part in co. Kilkenny) : the Tobins. 12 pi.
Middlethird : Butler, Baron of Dunboyne, the Hackets,
Stapletons, and Mocleere. 120 pi.
Cantred of Clonmell : Butler, Baron of Cahir, the Prender-
garsts, the Powers, and McCraghes. 120 pi.
Total, 826 pi.
Pp. 2. In CarevJs hand. Endorsed.
522. IVAGHE.
VoL 6U, p. 105. A Note of O'Mahoun Fen's lands and tenants within the
country of Ivaghe, ] 600."
Artetynan, 3 plowlands free ; Ballyaddy and Kilmorouoge,
3 pi. ; Mr. O'Donnowan's daughter, tenant.
Crowoy and Inishfaddy, \\ pL; Dermott McTeige McDer-
moddy and Dermott McShane Tygie, tenants.
Comkierie, 1 pL ; Donell McEvarriniegh, tenant.
Kearrowmore, 3 pi. ; Rorie McTirlagh, tenant.
Donbreackaan, " the caster part," 1 plowland, waste.
Cashellian and Rossnanemeirie, 1 pi. " The Vicarie, and
Couchor Farshen, and Morche FitzEdmond, tenants."
Kreggin, 1 pi., waste. Liskahie, 1 pi., waste.
Bealladowelin, 3 pi., waste, saving half a pi. occupied by
Diermott O'Donny.
Innaghowghter, 1 pi. ; Teige McDonagh, tenant.
The two Coullowries, 3 pi. ; " Tirlagh O'Shyren, the upper
Kolloweries, the other with Teige McConchor."
P. 1. Endw^sed.
523. FLORENCE MCCARTIE.
Vol. 632, p. 218. " An Abstract of several Treasons committed by Florence
McCartie."
I. " Letters proving Florence McCarty his treasons.
" Florence writ one letter to the White Knight, reproving
him for his submission to her Majesty, and exciting him to
new rebellion, and desiring that he and the rebel Peirce Lacye
might secretly confer with the White Knight, promising (if
need were) to go for Spain to procure foreign aid.
" He wrote another letter to Donnaught McCartie and his
brother (being rebels), persuading to rebellion, in which letter
there joined with him Owen McKegen,* usurping the name of
Bishop of Rosse.
* ' ; McEggan " is here written in the margin by Career.
ELIZABETH. 515
1600.
" Florence hath received letters from the archtraitors (sic)
of O'Donell, proving a combination between them for main-
tenance of the rebellion.
" Florence hath received four letters from Tyrone, proving
these matters : First, that Florence had formerly written to
Tyrone, [and] entertained intelligence with him. Secondly,
that there was a firm combination between them for main-
tenance of the rebellion. Thirdly, he encouraged Florence to
do some memorable act against the pagan beast (being the
chief in Munster) ; and . . . that he daily expected invasion
of Spaniards both in England and Ireland.
" It appeareth he both writ and received divers letters from
James FitzThomas, the archtraitor, wherein their combination
doth appear.
f< Florence received letters from Thomas Shelton and from
Donnaught McCragh, usurping the name of the Archbishop
of Dublin ; whereby it appeareth that the said traitors had
commended Florence his service to the King of Spain, and
that done upon Florence his own entreaty."
II. " Examinations proving Florence McCartye his treasons.
" Florence, upon his first coming into Ireland, had secret
conference at Dreshane with James FitzThomas, and Cragh
the usurped Bishop of Corke,* and then combined with them
in their rebellion.
" When Tyrone was in Munster, Florence lay with him in
his cabin, and he joined with Tyrone and Cragh to send Owen
McKegen to the Pope for an excoramuuication to all that did
not rebel ; which excommunication was divulged after ; and
James FitzThomas sayeth that the Spaniards built their hope
for Munster upon him and Florence especially.
" It appeareth upon the examination of divers, that Florence
had sworn and vowed himself an adherent to Tyrone and
James FitzThomas in that just war (as he termed it).
" He employed Donnaught McCormacke to Tyrone, to
persuade that Corke was the fittest place to land the Spaniards,
as McAlliffe told John Barrey.
" Thomas Oge [FitzGerald] deposeth that Florence confessed
to him (he being then a rebel) that Florence caused Tyrone
to write to the King of Spain to intimate Florence his service,
and that Florence himself writ also to the King when Tyrone
was in Munster ; which also appeareth by the said letter from
Thomas Shelton to Florence.
" Thomas Oage further deposeth that Florence provided a
French barque to bring in munition for the rebels after his
protection.
'* It appeareth that Florence, being in protection, advised
the rebels to kill Sir Charles Willmot. He received during
* " Corke " has been substituted for " Dublin " by Carcw.
K K 2
516 CAREW MSS.
1600.
his protection the Knight of the Valley and the Knight of
Kerry, and other arch-rebels.
He persuaded James FitzThomas, Thomas Oage, and other
rebels to persist in their rebellion.
" He laboured to persuade Cormock McDermond and Owen
O'Sullevant (being subject) to enter into rebellion, they being
chief lords of countries.
" Florence his wife secretly sent warning to Sir Charles
Wyllmot that he might not trust Florence, for all that he did
was but to win time.
" Shelley Cartie (sister to Florence) told the Lord President
[Carew] that Florence betrayed her husband, O'Swillivant
Moore, to Dermond O'Connor, to the intent to have her hus-
band a rebel, and willed her to persuade her husband thereto
for his enlargement.
" He placed a sheriff in the county of Kerry of his own
authority after his protection, and directed warrants unto him
for the levying of 105 beoves in a private cause.
" Florence hath obtained from the Lord President at several
times seven protections ; and he urged the Lord President
to grant the last protection more amply than is granted to
any other, which argueth his guiltiness.
" Florence hath five of his kinsmen and servants in Spain,
and some of them in the King his pay there."
Copy. Pp. 4.
524. FLORENCE MCCARTIE.
VoL 635, p. sia. i. Pedigree of the McCarties.
Pp. 2. In Carew's hand.
n. " The Reasons that Florence McCartie allegeth to prove
that the Earl of Clancare's lands ought to descend to
Ellen, his wife, and to her heirs.
" Donel Mackcartiemore, Earl of Clancare, son to Donel
McCormocke Leiry, was, by the old Lord Roche, called Davye
Roche, taken prisoner. Sir Henry Sidney, then Deputy, mis-
trusting the rebellious intentions of Geralt, the last Earl of
Desmond, sent the aforesaid Donel McCartiemore into England,
to the intent that by her Majesty's good usage of him he might
be made an instrument against the said Desmond.
" The Queen did of her bounty both bestow money upon
him to defray his charges, and made him Earl of Clancare ;
and in the patent of his earldom did grant unto him both the
said title and all his lands to him and to the heirs males of his
body lawfully begotten ; whose son and heir male, the Baron
of Valencia, being dead, he went again into England, as well
to recover some of his lands that the English Undertakers of
Mounster challenged, as to get his lands to be confirmed by
her Majesty unto his daughter, who, at that time, by his con-
ELIZABETH. 517
1600.
sent, was to be married to Florence McCartie ; for the per-
formance whereof bonds of 6,000. did pass between the said
Earl and Florence.
" His lands he obtained, but no grant to his daughter,
because no surrender of his was extant or formally made. Yet,
nevertheless, her Majesty agreed to pass him a grant of his
lands, with condition that his daughter should marry an
Englishman, which the Earl accepted, and accordingly made
his surrender. Which condition and surrender in law is void,
because his daughter was formerly married to Florence
aforesaid ; as also that the said surrender was never duly
perfected.
" Moreover, Donel McCormock Leiry, father to the said Earl,
in his lifetime entailed all those lands to his only son, this
aforenamed Earl of Clancare, and his heirs, and, for want of
such issue in him, to the heirs of Jaines Earl of Desmond by
Ellen, his daughter, wife to the said Desmond, and sister to
the aforenamed Earl of Clancare, and the remainder to the
right heirs of the aforesaid Ellen for ever, which is Ellen,
daughter to the Earl, her brother, and wife to Florence afore-
said, considering that the Earl of Clancare survived Sir James
of Desmond, her son, and Eleanor, wife to Edward Butler, her
daughter, who both died without issue.
" This entail, made by Donel McCormock Leiry, was per-
fected, and divers of the witnesses yet living that were at the
perfecting thereof in the first and second year of Philip and
Mary, arid now ready to be produced."
Copy. P. 1.
Vol. coo, p. 158. 2. Another copy.
Vol. 601, p. 241. 3. A third copy.
525. DESMOND.
Vol. 635, p. io7a. List of the forces [of the rebels] in Desmond.
Total: the McCarties, 664 foot; the O'Sulevans, 510; the
O'Donnoghes, 60 ; in all, 1,234.
P. 1. In Carew's hand.
526. The EARL OF ESSEX.
Vol. eoo, p. 248. A Table drawn by the Earl of Essex, being prisoner in
the Lord Keeper's house, of such things as he supposed
he should be taxed withal."
" It is like I shall be charged with I. Offences committed
in the time of my government: (1.) In managing the wars
by omitting or delaying going into Ulster, which was the course
agreed on in England, [and] spending the time in Leinster and
Munster, whereby her Majesty's army was weakened, and
treasure unprofitably spent. (2.) Treating to compound them
to her Majesty's (1) dishonour the form beiug done upon
equal terms, the conditions, toleration of Popery and the
allowing the rebel to enjoy the subject's living ; (2) disservice
40*
518 CAREW MSS.
1000.
because the rebel doth ever make his profit of all truces
and cessations, and so of this. (2.) In the leaving of my
charge (1) before I had settled the war and advertised my course
to that end, (2) contrary to her Majesty's letter of prohibition.
"II. Circumstances that aggravate some: (1.) Before my
going into Ireland I drew her Majesty, by my promise, to an
extreme expense, by making the army and preparations greater
than the service required ; I promised mountains beforehand.
(2.) While I governed there in neglecting the directions from
England ; in not following the advice of the Council. (3.) In
my return by bringing over so many lords and captains of
quality."
Dated by Carew, "1000."
Copy, in Carews hand. P. 1. Arranged in a curious
tabular form.
Endorsed : Transcribed out of the original under his own
hand.
527. The EARL OF ESSEX.
Vol. GOO. p. 244. " His Apology to the Lords of her Majesty's Council, after
he had been prisoner in the Lord Keeper's house, 1600."
" If it be objected that I came away and left my charge
contrary to her Majesty's express commandment, so accom-
panied as it made my intent suspected, leaving the govern-
ment of the kingdom unsettled, whereupon great inconveniences
have grown, and the whole State of Ireland was hazarded, I
answer first that (thanks be to God) no dangerous consequence
hath followed of it. For during nine or ten Aveeks after my
coming hither the whole kingdom was quiet ; and since, even
to tins day, no important loss hath been received, but only the
defeating of a convoy in an open champion country, where
our men had safe and near retreats both before them and be-
hind them. So as since the declination of that State I think
there will be hardly found so long a time wherein the rebel
did less mischief or the subject received less loss ; which I
must impute to the pi'ovidence of God Almighty in his mercy,
who, foreseeing the unjust imputations and malicious in-
ferences that would be brought against me, hath disfurnished
my enemies of .that they thought should have been their
greatest advantage, which was charging me with the loss of
Ireland, though it had happened long after my coming over,
and though I had remained close prisoner, while they had
time to prevent the mischief.
" And for my settling of the government before my coming
away, if this will not .satisfy, that I ordered her Majesty's
forces, employed her ablest ministers, and gave particular
instructions for every province and frontier, by advice of her
Majesty's Council there ; yet I am sure in this court this one
plea will be allowed, that I so ordered all things as you, my
Lords of the Council, having received account of me when I
was first committed, have not to this day altered anything of
ELIZABETH. 519
1GOO.
importance in that course of government which I established
at my coming away, generally for the kingdom, and particularly
for every province.
" And now, having said enough for the consequence and
opportunity of my coming over, I desire to know why my
coming should be suspiciously apprehended. Out of Ireland
there came in the same passage with me, my Lord of South-
ampton that was displaced, my Lord of Dunkilline, and Sir
Christopher St. Lawrence, that, in this vacancy of offers and
time of truce, desired by their own presence to renew the
memory of their former services ; Sir Henry Davers, that
was not through whole of a dangerous wound ; Sir Henry
Dockwrey, that was before I came away ... to sue for the
government of Connaught ; and some other knights and cap-
tains that were discharged, besides two captains that pretended
great business and long absence, and some gentlemen that
were my own servants, that were put out of pay by the dis-
charging of Sir John Lee's company. But of all these, there
were not ten persons that accompanied me (from the sea's side)
any part of the way, and not above six that came to the Court,
the rest taking their own courses and intending their private
occasions.
" But what should my evil intent be ? It was as easy for
me to do evil as to think evil when I had a kingdom in mv
government and an army in my hand. And the evil I did
was but to nryself, for I wasted both my body and state in a
costly, painful, and discomfortable service. And now, having
stripped myself of all, and thrown myself at my Sovereign's feet,
shall enemies or accusation prevail against demonstration, to
make my intent of coming over to be held suspect ? Justice and
charity will not allow of these constructions made of those whose
religion or descent might make them suspected, except they
enforce probable grounds ; and shall I (without any ground
be thus censured, who have lost my father and my brother in her
Majesty's service, spent 13 of my 33 years as an officer about
her Majesty's person, and seven years as a poor councillor of
her State, that am of all the subjects of England most hated
by all the enemies of her Majesty's religion and welfare, and for
my services to her person and to her crown am so threatened
with revenge as no place is safe for me but her kingdom, nor
no time but her reign ? No ! I thank my God, I know there
doth neither good Christian nor lover of his country suspect my
intent. And for the imputations of the rest, I answer them
with the old rule, ' ui quisque e*t .... bonu* ct sic c contra.'
And now it appears that 1 settled the State before my coming
away, and that there grew no dangerous consequence by im
coming over."
Copy, tin' greater part in Camo'ts h'.in<l.
P>. '2. Endorsed: Copied out of the original written by
himself.
APPENDIX.
1589.
1. The REVENUE.
Vol. 635, p. 89. A Note of the Revenues in Ireland, as it was in anno 1588
and in anno 1589.
" The total of the rents and casualties paid to her Majesty,
to the hands of the Vice Treasurer, betwixt Michaelmas in
anno 1588 and the said feast in anno 1589, is 9,959?. 10s. 3fd.
Irish ; whereof there is
" Paid to sundry patentees and feodements within the said
time for their fees, 5,163?. 3s. IQd. Irish. And then
" Remaineth towards the payment of the garrisons,
4,796?. 6s. 5d Ir.
" Memorandum, that within the said year were received in
arrearages formerly due the sum of 429?. 3s. 6d. Ir. ; and
for composition money, 1,521 1. 15s. 10|c?. Ir. In toto,
1,950?. 19s. 4d. Ir.
" Also there is yearly to be paid for the composition of the
Pale in lieu of cess, which Charles Huet receiveth, per annum,
2,100?. ster."
P.I.
1592.
Aug. 1 1. 2. LADY CAREW, Wife to Sir George.
Vol. eos, p. 189. Licence by Lord Deputy FitzWilliam to take with her
into England six horses or hackneys of Irish breed.
Kilmaineham, 11 August 1592. Signed.
Addressed to the customer, comptroller, and searcher of
Dublin, &c.
P.I.
1595.
Sept. 10. 3. TYRONE'S REBELLION.
Vol. 614, p. 237. "The Lord Treasurer [Burleigh]'s opinion touching the
Earl of Tirone's reduction."
" Upon sight of Sir John Norreis his letters, I find two
causes of proceeding mentioned : the one, concerning the
Earl, who is the head of the rebellion, to obedience by his
submission, and grant of pardon for himself and his complices ;
the second, by continuance of the war against him, with
increase of forces for six months, to begin at a time uncertain.
The charge then to be above 32,000?. only for Ulster.
" The first is the most plausible. (1.) Because thereby the
whole realm maybe in peace. (2.) The strange potent enemy
APPENDIX. 521
1595.
may be frustrated of his purpose to invade that realm . . to
conquer it for himself, or to reduce it by the Pope's pretended
usurpation to the rule of a king of the Irish nation, or to
divide it betwixt two of their nation. (3.) By the Earl's
submission he may be so limited, as the Queen may hereafter
disable him to be a head of any dangerous faction. . .
" It is a difficult matter to advise what conditions shall be
limited to yield unto for the receiving of him. Because,
either upon fear of not obeying the conditions, or upon over-
great a pride of his strength both at home and abroad, he may
stand upon dishonorable conditions. . . These which follow
may be thought of by such of the experienced councillors of
Ireland as the Lord Deputy (Russell) shall use for advice. . .
" It shall be honorable to require that the Earl shall offer
his submission only for himself and his own sept of the
O'Neales of Tyrone. And yet he may understand that
O'Donell, Macguire, and the McMahonds may be also severally
received to mercy."
n. " Conditions to be demanded of the Earl.
"(1.) That the country of Tyrone may be limited to contain
no more to be by him possessed than by his letters patents is
limited.
" (2.) That the articles whereto he agreed at his last being
in England, upon his offence for hanging of Shane O'Neale's
son, may be duly observed.
"(3.) That. . Tyrone may be divided into two countries and
two shires, with two jails, as he himself hath required.
" (4.) That he disclaim all rule over any the Irish cap-
tains that be not of Tyrone: as of Tyrlough Bracelough,
McMahonds, O'Caham, McGennis, the Captain of Clande-
boyes, the Kout, and all others on the east side of the
[Band].
" (5.) That he suffer the Queen's garrisons to continue in
peace at Monaghan, Ardmaghe, and the Blackwater.
" (6.) That for some part of amends he deliver sufficient
number of beoves for the victualling of the three garrisons
. . for six months for (from) the time of his pardon.
" (7.) That he put to liberty the sons of Shane O'Neale, and
any other that he holdeth in captivity, both English and
Irish.
" (8.) That he shall not aid nor yield favour to O'Donnell,
Macguire, O'Rorke, or McMahond, if they shall refuse rea-
sonable conditions for their pardons.
" (9.) That he shall deliver to the Lord Deputy all such
Jesuits or seminary priests as shall be named to him, and that
have repaired unto him in this time of rebellion, or shall
banish them, or permit them to be attached.
" (10.) For observation of all these articles he shall give as
a pledge his son, as he formerly promised, and four others of
his blood, as the Council of Ireland shall think meet; amongst
522 CAREW MSS.
1595.
which the Captain of the Fuse to be one, and the principal of
the O'Hagans another.
"Nota, that the Councillors of Ireland, that have been
heretofore best acquainted with the treaties and agreements
made with the Earl, can best discern how many of these
ought to be pressed and how many others may be added.
"For O'Donnell. His own offers for yielding of his rents
and services to be renewed. That he suffer none of Connoughe
to reside in Tyrconnell, nor any of his people to repair into
Connoughe. That he also give some pledges for keeping of
peace.
" For Macguire. That he lie content that Iniskillen may
remain in her Majesty's guard for 12 months as a gage
his obedience ; and that also he give pledges, Jcc.
" For McMahond. That the accord made by Sir William
Fitz Williams with the freeholders may be renewed. That the
ward of Monaghan may be victualled for six months at the
charge of the country.
" Nota. A general covenant to be made with them all,
that none of them shall entertain in their countries any Scots
or other strangers.
" Item. Sir John Norreis is not to delay the fortifying of
the Blackwater, for the finishing of that will draw the other
to better conditions for her Majesty than any other per-
suasions.
"Item. If the Captain of Fewes may be separated from
him, and he yield to hold his country of the Queen's Majesty,
as he hath been disposed, her Majesty shall enlarge her
country to obedience altogether on the east side of the Band ;
and shall easily reduce all the captains of those countries to
receive the countries by grant from her Majesty, and yield
good rents as tney did in Sir John Perott's time ; which
would, in convenient time, be called to remembrance.''
ill. "The Project for continuance of the War by Sir John
Norieys : the Lord Treasurer's answers.
" It is only for recovering of Ulster, without mention for
Connough, which surely is dangerous to be suffered, as that of
Ulster.
" His demand is uncertain, for presently the monthly charge
of his army is -3 ,()<)(). and more, and he desireth to continue
the same charge for six months, to begin when he shall have
1,000 footmen and 100 horse more out of England ; which
will ask a good time and charge to levy them, and a time
uncertain for transportation.
" He also requireth 2.000Z. more for fortifications. And all
this to be expended without controlment.
' And yet it may happen that at the end of six months he
may be deceived."
APPENDIX. 523
1595.
Pp. 4.. Dated in the margin, " 1596." Endorsed by Carew:
" The conditions thought meet to receive the Earl of Tyrone
into obedience, 10 Sept. 1595."
1598.
Nov. 4. 4. " MEMORIAL for IRELAND [by CECIL], 4 November 1598."
Vol. 616, p. 129. "The disease general, and therefore to be generally and in
all parts remedied. The religion bad ; the nobility discon-
tented ; the soldiers beaten ; the discipline corrupted ; her
Irishman an after game, except we see a blot and enter
and bind.
" Ulster. A country so strong and so wild as never
conquered nor quiet ; wholly in rebellion, except some
scores (?) ; the climate unwholesome ; the passages so difficult
as my Lord Burgh . The General Norrys never could
look over the water. Good soldiers well armed and in blood.
The Scottish islands, which yield men and provisions.
" Clyfford betrayed ; Bingham lightly condemned."
Other memoranda respecting troops, arms, and munition
for the army in Ireland, 'musters, discipline, Ac.
Pp. 3. In Cecil's Jiand. Endorsed.
1GOO.
April 18. 5. BULL of INDULGENCE by POPE CLEMENT VIII.
Vol. 608, p. 84. To the archbishops, bishops, prelates, chiefs, earls, barons,
and people of Ireland. Whereas, encouraged by the exhorta-
tions of our predecessors and ourself, you have long struggled
to recover and preserve your liberty, first under James
Geraldine, of good memory, who endeavoured to throw off the
yoke of slavery imposed on you by the English, deserters
from the Holy Koman Church, then under John Geraldine.
cousin of the said James, and lastly under our beloved son,
Hugh O'Neale, styled Earl of Tyrone, Baron Dungannon.
and captain general of the Catholic army in Ireland : we
gra'nt to all of you who follow and assist the said Hugh and
the Catholic army, if you truly repent and confess, and if
possible receive the holy communion, plenary pardon, and
remission of all sins, as usually granted to those setting out
to the war against the Turks for the recovery of the Holy
Land. A copy hereof, subscribed by a public notary and srnU-d
by a dignitary of the Church, shall have the same validity as
these presents.
Rome, 18 April 1GOO, ninth year of our pontificate.
S!yned : M. Vestrius Barbianus.
Latin. P'p- 2.
GENERAL INDEX.
A.
Abbeys and spiritual lands, the rebels desire
to have them in their disposition, 148.
Abbieboyle, a place of garrison, 128.
Abraconwaye Passage, 221.
Abrechan, Abrachen, Arbracken, Ardbracken,
A bracken, &c., the house of Bishop
of Meath, 223, 235, 236, 240, 321.
Abuses in the payment of the army in Ireland,
328.
to be examined and advertised with-
out partiality, 456.
Achar, Richard Talbot of, 195.
Adam, Archbishop of Dublin, 119, 327, 3&1.
See Loftus.
Adamstowne, Thomas Lynam of, 1 95.
Adarc, a town of the Earl of Kildare. 304.
305.
Admiral, the Lord, 396.
Admiralty, under officers of the, 482.
Adulteries and fornications, the punishment
for, see army orders, 503.
Affane on the Broad Water, 307.
Agard, Francis, governor for martial purposes,
211.
Aghelie, Glassine, 181.
Agher, Aghor, town of, 79, 99, 195.
Agh-Inagh, 511.
Aghmartin, town and lands of, 65, 6G.
Aghnerina, 222.
Aghnoskye, Aghneskey, two miles from Dun-
dalk, 133.
, letter dated at, 136.
Aghybollig, 511.
Agrioghe, 223.
Agrippa, saying of Augustus respecting. 314.
Aharlaghmore, 511.
Ailmer. See Aylmer.
Albertus, a great fort so called, 436.
Alexander, the Great, see. note, 208.
Alie, John, 191.
Allen, Mr., 191, 195, 230.
Allenstone, 194.
Allon, 191.
Almayne, 36.
Almsmen, pay of, 290.
Altrafraye, 150.
Analy, the, 77.
Andalozia, 392.
Aniseeds, a beverage made both of, and sack
and liquorish for the army, 455.
Ansloe, Robert, 61.
Anyas, Annias, allusion to, as a villain, 468,
474.
Ap Hughe Owen, Provost Marshal, 196.
, pay of, 289.
, Rice, Rise, Ryse, 150, 160, 186, 24(1.
331.
Apsley, Allen, the Victualler, 416, 433, 495.
499.
, , the commissary for Munster,
403.
, William, 189.
Aqua vitse, 77, 79.
, Irish, virtue of, 8.
, soldiers not allowed to demand at their
will from the inhabitants wine or, 175.
Archdeacon at Bawnemore, 190.
Archduke, the, 419, 435, 485.
of Austria, letter to, 350.
, towns of, 435.
Archer, Father, 251, 353, 381, 382.
Arcklow, Arclo, Arcklo. Arcloe, 190, 225,
227, 228, 309, 310, 31 1, 312, 463.
county, 190.
Ardes, the, 12, 288.
, the Little, 93.
Ardfynnane, 480.
Ardloman, 194.
Ardmolchan, 194.
Ardnagreagh, 203.
Ardnemollen, 195.
Ardilphe, Ardolfe, burnt castle of, 322.
Ardye, Ardee, 196, 197, 236.
Argles, 196.
Aristotle, allusion to, 418.
Arlo, 302, 306.
, letter dated at, 363.
Artoghe, 514.
526
GENERAL INDEX.
Armachan, Jobn, 8. See Armagh.
Armagh, Armaghe, Ardmagh, Ardmaghe,
Ardemagh, Ardmath, Ardmaugh, 113,
114, 115, 124, 128, 141, 151, 152, 164,
167, 172, 173, 184, 185, 186, 187, 194,
196, 216, 232, 233, 254, 255, 276, 280,
281, 282, 283, 337, 388, 396, 421, 422,
423, 435, 464, 475, 476.
, county, 34, 97, 163.
, Bishop of, 162, 168, 172.
, , Tyrone promises not to meddle
with any lands of, 34.
, Lord Primate of, 75, 195, 196.
, church and abbey of, garrison made
at, 114.
, church of, 115, 168, 172.
, garrison at, 1 15, 162, 163, 186.
, priory of, 160.
, Dean of, see Owen Woods, 160, 162,
168, 172.
.Chapter of, 162.
Arms, cessation of, commission regarding
spoils during, in and about Newry and
in all places northward, 160.
Army in Ireland, the orders to be observed
by, 72.
, certificate of the horsemen, foot, and
kerne in the Queen's pay in Ireland,
127.
,a note of all the footmen in Ireland
and their several places of garrison,
128.
, rates of victualling of, 187, 199.
, the great charge and complaints of,
219.
ordinances by Queen Elizabeth for
reforming disorders in the musters and
payment of, 266.
, establishment of, in 1599, 288.
} destitute condition of, 354, 355.
, the rebels maintained with powder,
munition, and implements of war from,
353.
, the ill effects of idleness upon, 456.
, orders for by Lord Deputy Mountjoy,
502.
, the, in Munster, instructions by the
Privy Council regarding, 495.
Arnaskighe, 306.
Arrolstone, 195.
Art, Arte, Slight, 102, 282.
, Sir O'Neale, 102.
Artetynan, 514.
Arthur, Anthony, 412.
, Arthur, 434.
, David, chaplain, 104.
, Patrick, 415, 417, 469.
Articles of Peace made with the Burkes and
OTlarties, 7.
betwixt the Queen's Commissioners and
the gentlemen, &c. of the country of
Orerie in the county of Cork, touching i
a composition in lieu of cesse, 63. \
Articles of Peace betwixt the Commissioners and
the gentlemen freeholders, &c. of Kin-
nalea, at Cork, in public assembly for
the whole county, 64.
betwixt the same and the freeholders
of Iboane, 64.
betwixt the same and the freeholders
of Carbrey, at Cork, 64.
betwixt the Queen's Commissioners
and the gentlemen, &c. of the lands of
the sixteen toeghes in Connylonghe, at
Limerick, in public assembly, 64.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
freeholders of Fermoy, otherwise the
Lord Roche's country, at Cork, 66.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen, &c. of Yvlyehane and
O'Gornelahane in the Lord Barrie
More's country, at Cork, 66.|
betwixt the Commissioners and the
freeholders, &c. of the whole co. Lime-
rick, Connelogh excepted, 67.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
Lord FitzMorish and the gentlemen,
&c. of Clanmorris, co. Kerry, 67.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen &c., of Trughnackmye,
Browne, Louclone, Offerbuye, and the
barony of Corkevynnye, in co. Kerry,
at Dengleconishe, in public assembly,
67.
betwixt the Commissioners and all the
Lords, &c. of the country of Desmond,
at Cork, 68.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen, &c. of co. Waterford, viz.,
Pouren country, Decies, Coshomore,
and Coshbryd and Ifeagh, at Water-
ford, 68.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen, &c. of Barrett's country, at
Cork, in public assembly of the whole
county, 69.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen, &c. of Dowally, &c., in
Carties country, co. Cork, at Cork, 69.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
gentlemen, &c. of Muskrye, co. Cork,
at Cork, 69.
betwixt the Commissioners and the
knights, &c. of the country of all
Beare and Bantrie, at Cork, 69.
by the Queen's Commissioners with
the gentlemen, &c. of the barony of
Imokillie, at Cork, 70.
delivered by the Earl of Tyrone of
sundry causes wherewith he was
grieved, 87.
of information against the Earl of
Tyrone, exhibited by Sir Ilenry Bage-
nall, Knight Marshal, 99.
to be performed by the Earl of Tyrone
and other traitors that shall crave par-
don, 122.
, concerning the submission of Tyrone
and other rebels, 124.
GENERAL INDEX.
527
Articles of Peace agreed to with the Earl of
Tyrone on the cessation of arms, 126.
propounded by the Commissioners to
Hugh O'Donnell, and his answer to the
same, 161.
propounded by the Commissioners to
Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 162.
his answer to the, 164.
Artificers, 16.
Artloe, castle of, 389.
Arundell, Edmond, 64.
Ashe, Asshe, Thomas, 157, 194.
, Mr., 222, 227, 228, 238, 242.
Ashendon, Captain, 128.
Asheroe, 375.
Ashpoole, 189.
Askeyton, Askeiton, Asketon, 401,411,413,
428, 433.
, castle of, 304.
Athashell, abbey of, 304.
Athboy[e,] 1, 195.
Athcarne, 193.
Athdare, a manor house of the Countess of
Kildare, 413.
Athenry[e], Athenrie, 128, 184, 239, 332.
Atherdie, town of, 128, 331.
, , petition of the inhabitants of, to
the Lords Justices, and Council, 330.
, , the answer to the same, 331.
Athlone, Athloan, 128,177,193,198, 243, 317,
361, 495.
castle, 222, 238, 240, 318.
, letters dated at, 4, 183.
, the Deputy-General for the most part
to reside at, whence he may be upon
occasion in any province within 24
hours, 505.
Athronan, 195.
Athshe, 195.
Attorney, 215, 224.
Audiencer, the, 396.
Auditor, see Jennison and Peyton, 49.
Auditors sent from England to take the ac-
counts of corporations, captains, and
other officers, 403.
Audley, Audlei, Captain, 128, 245.
, Audleye, Lord, 376, 434, 446, 490,
495.
Augustus, a saying of, quoted, 314.
A ul in, town of, 297.
Aulives alias O'Levies (surgeons), 513.
Austria, House of, 347.
, Archduke of, letter to, 350.
Aylmer, Ailmer, Gerald, 59.
.Garret, 189.
at Lyon, 191.
Hartwell, 191.
Claneurry, 191.
Downada, 191.
, Richard, 194.
, Edward, 195.
_ Joshua, 365, 391,403, 418.
Aylward, Richard, 68.
Ayre, the English Scots of, 200.
B.
Babe of Derrer, co. Louth, 196.
Babtist, Captain, company of,"241.
Badinedoghie, 513.
Bagnall, Bagnoll, Bagenall.
, Dudley, 191.
, , his son, 191.
, Sir Henry, Marshal, 41, 57,63,71, 90,
92, 95, 109, 155, 156, 157, 164, 169,
185, 186, 231, 232, 234, 236,' 251/254,
280, 285.
, , nephew of Sir George Carew,
10, 11,54.
, , his influence over the Lord De-
puty to the disadvantage of the Earl of
Tyrone, 87.
, , the Earl jealous of his power in
Ulster, 89.
.., , in a way unknown to the Queen
and Council of England, has got com-
mission to end and determine all causes
in Ulster, 89.
, , his persecution of Tyrone, 96.
...., , informations against Earl of
Tyrone preferred by, 97, 99.
, .engagement near Kewry between
his forces and Tyrone's, 110.
, , report of his services in the
relieving of Monaghan, 110.
, , his alleged unjust treatment of
Earl of Tyrone, 151.
, , Marshal, accused by the
Earl of combining with Sir William
FitzWilliam in malicious confederacy
against him, 151.
, , sent Lieutenant-General for the
relieving of Monaghan, 230.
, , defeat of, at the Blackwater,
280.
, ....... shun at the Blackwater. 296.
, letters of, 10, 43.
, letter to, 54.
, Sir Nicholas, Marshal, 189.
, , his son Sir Henry appointed
Marshal, 41.
, , his daughter married to the Earl
of Tyrone ; her dowry detained by
Sir Henry, 89.
, Sir Samuel, 296, 336, 349, 361, 404,
406.
., instructions to, 281.
528
GENERAL INDEX.
Bagnall, Sir Samuel, further instructions to,
upon the defeat near Armaghe, 282.
, , appointed Colonel of Forces
sent to Loghfoile, 296.
Bagnolls, the, 53.
Baker, Captain, 114,254.
Balf, William, 194, 195.
Balgriffin, 188.
Balinocore, 182.
Ball, Richard, 193.
Rath, 195.
, John, sergeant-at-arms and Provost
Marshal of the Four Courts, 258.
, , Provost Marshal of Conogh, 332.
Ballaghleina, 222.
Ballaghnemerlaghe, 222.
Ballaonny, in the Lord Poore's country, 308.
Ballawlie, 189.
Ballgeeth, 194.
BalleMcCork, in Carties' country. Sec Arti-
cles, 69.
Ballearthur, 500.
Ballebetaghe, 74.
Ballegray, 194.
Balleholy, 66.
Ballehustie, lands of, 63.
Ballehymicknie, 480.
Ballemore (.Lady Straunge's), 238.
Ballen Ransie, 66.
Ballendell, 195.
Ballenecar, Ballenecor, Ballenacor, Ballinicor,
183, 189, 225, 226, 227, 229, 246, 248,
249, 250, 251, 252, 256.
, Lord Deputy Russell's journey to,
226.
, bridge at, 252.
Ballenedramen, 195.
Ballenehorne, Ballenchome, house of Walter
Reagh at, 227.
, Captain Street's lieutenant slain in
rescuing cows at, 229.
Balleneskeagh, 195.
Balleneslowe (Mr. Brabson's), 238, 240.
Ballenetubbred, 65.
Ballengarry otherwise Garestowne, manor of,
44?", 449.
Ballibey, chief castle of the White Knight,
306.
Ballibragan, 196.
Ballibrenen, 308.
Balliconin, 192.
Balligh, Richard, 229.
Balligoddran, 506.
Ballihacke, 308.
Balliloghlow, 193.
Ballimarter, 70.
Ballimckowa, lands of, 63.
Ballimolchan, 193.
Ballimote, 279.
Ballinacaldde, 195.
Ballinaggett, house of Viscount Monntgarrett,
384.
Ballincolly, castle of, 372, 373.
Ballindarogge, castle of, 299.
Ballinderge, 271.
Ballinegarre, 308.
Ballinemonoe, 192.
Ballishannon, Ballyshannon, Ballishannoe, Bal-
lishannan, Ballishenan, Bellashanan,
Bellishannoe, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201,
202, 271, 288, 371, 375, 455.
Castle, siege laid to by Clifford, Gover-
nor of Connaught, 269.
Ballnegin, 195.
Ballnekill, 195.
Ball-Rath, 195.
Ballrodan, 195.
Bally Adames, barony of, 191.
Ballyaddy, 514.
Ballyallanane, a castle so called, 410.
Ballybrittan, 192.
Bally brittas, 191.
Ballyburley, 192.
Ballycomuske, 480.
Ballycorky, 192.
Ballycurrine, 480.
Ballyfoyle, 190.
Ballyhale, 190.
Ballyhindebarry, 65.
Ballykey, 188.
Ballyknockan, 191.
Ballylorean, 190.
Ballymaka, 190.
Ballymakin, Ballymacky, Bishop's house of,
297, 298.
, town of, 297.
Ballymore, 192.
Ballymote, Ballymoate, 240, 271.
Ballyn, 190.
Ballynagsrett, a house of the Lord Mount Gar-
rett, 383.
Ballynattine, 480.
Ballynegalle, abbey of, letter dated at, 363.
Ballyngarrane, 481.
Ballyngary, 410, 411.
, town of, 410.
Ballynonetie, 480.
Ballyntare, 411.
Ballyobin, 506.
Ballyraggett, Ballyraggott, 389, 432.
Ballyroane, 432.
Ballytarsny, castle of, 400.
Ballyvoinge, town and lauds of, 65.
Ballyvorrishe, 480.
Ballywiddan, 352.
Ballywneyrane, 511.
Ballywonrny, 511.
Balmagir, 190.
Balreske, 194, 195.
Balroddry, barony of, 1S8.
GENERAL INDEX.
529
Balstowne, 195.
Baltinglas, Baltinglasse, 230.
, Viscount, 298.
Baltraseney, 195.
Balykely, 203.
Balynahowe, 203.
Bamarrishe, 106.
Ban, Banne, the river, 107, 163, 173, 299.
Banaghe McSwine, 200.
Banckes, Lieut., 245.
Bande, Band, the (river), 74, 521, 522.
, its fishing advantageous to the garrison,
200.
Banduffe, 351.
Bantrie, country of. See Articles, 69.
Baptist, Mr., 27, 60, 232, 234.
, Captain, 128.
Bar, the, at Dublin, 223.
Barbianus, M. Vestfrius, 523.
Barckeley, Barkley, Sir Francis, 61, 320.
Barker, Captain, 128.
Barnehealie, manor of, 66.
Barnewall, 193, 194, 195, 196.
...., Alexander, 193.
, John, 188, 193.
, Marcus, 188.
, Michael, 193.
, Sir Patrick, 188, 193, 194, 195.
.Richard, 195.
.Robert, 188, 194, 195.
, Walter, 194.
Barnewell, 475.
Barons, degree of, 215.
Chief Baron and the, in Ireland, 219.
Barowe, Barrow (river), a bridge to be built
over at Bealin, 505.
Barret, Barrett, 104.
, Andrew, 69, 372, 373.
, , his petition to the Privy Coun-
cil, 372.
, Catherine, wife to Andrew, 372.
, , her claims to the Barretts'
country, 373.
, Edmond, 372.
, James Keoghe, 373.
, William, 104.
, , a notorious traitor, 372, 373.
William FitzEdward, 372, 373.
Barretts, the, indenture between, and the Earl
of Desmond, 104.
, pedigree of, 373.
Barretts' country. See Articles, 69, 372, 373.
Barrington, John, 50, 191.
Barrie-More, Lord, his country. See Articles,
66.
Barrie's country, 399.
Court, 513.
Barries, Henry, alias Barricok, 64.
4 1
Barry, Barrie, Barrey, David, 65.
, Eily, of Bregoge, 63.
, John, 513.
, Lord, 306, 307, 363, 364, 385, 386,
387, 397, 398, 399, 409, 416, 423, 438,
451, 460,463.
, , his brother John, 300.
, , his country, 366.
, letters to, 362, 459.
, , his brother John, 409.
, , his lands in the county of Cork,
513.
, Nicholas alias Shian, 63.
.., the young, 419, 420.,
.William, of Oleghan, 104.
Barstable, 424.
Bartlett, Captain, 242.
Bartley, Bartly, Sir John, 405, 423.
, Sir Arthur, 495.
Basing, the Queen at, 60.
Bath, John, 188, 194.'
.Justice, 193.
.Thomas, 194.
Bathe, Christopher, 194.
Bawnemore, 190.
Bea, Morris, 221.
Beacon, Richard, 61.
Beacons, Vice-President of Munster to see
kept along the sea coasts, 127.
Bealashany, a town and bridge to be built at,
505.
Bealicke, 199.
Bealin, a bridge to be built over the Barrow at,
505.
Bealladowelin, 514.
Beallagaret, 190.
Beallnycareggy, 352.
Bealtarbart, 505.
Beare, country of. See Articles, 69.
, O'Sullivan, 216.
Bearrhy, 301.
Becher, Phane, an Undertaker in co. Cork, 61.
Bedford, proportion of men levied in, for Ire-
land, 283.
, Earl of, 220.
Bedlowe, Sir John, 134, 139, 140, 232.
Bedlowestowne, 195.
Beeleke, 88.
Beelinge, Belinge, Mr., a lawyer, 3.
Beeston, Mr., 225, 226, 244, 245.
, Lieut, 248.
Beg, Begge, Patrick, 194, 195.
, Garrald McShaan, 229.
Belfast, Bellfast, 107, 271.
Belfield, Thomas, 251, 252.
Belgarde, 188.
Belgnolan, 20-1.
Beling, 191.
John, 188
, Captain, 231.
L L
530
GENERAL INDEX.
Bellaclinthe, ford of, 324.
Bellame, Richard, 193.
Bellander, 193.
Bellashanan, Ik'llasliananoe. See Balli-
shannon, 199.
Belleck, Bellike, Bellicke, 107, 200, 201,202,
203.
, castle of, situated in the mouth of
Lough Erne, 91.
Belleglasse, 233.
Bellewe, Sir John, 189, 194, 196.
, Patrick, 188.
, Richard, 194.
Bellewestowne, 194.
Belling, Thomas, 188.
Bellingston, 188.
Bell^on, Mr., 311.
Bcllishannoe. See Ballishannon.
Beltirbert, Belltirbert, 201, 202.
Benches, judicial places on, supplied with men
out of England, 90, 91.
, both the, certificates of fees, &c. of,
required, 292.
Bere, O'Sulivaine, continues a faithful subject,
203.
Berks, proportion of men levied from, for Ire-
land, 283.
Bermingham, Bermyngham, Patrick, 76, 79,
80, 84, 86.
Betaghe, 194, 236.
, William, 194.
Bethell, Captain, 93, 128.
Beverlye, George, esquire, 39.
Bevill, Lady, a widow, 437.
Bewly, a castle so called, 413.
Bewmarrishe, 2.
Bigg, Nicholas, 188.
Bignell, 255.
Billings, Colonel, 280.
, Captain Roger, 331.
Billingslye, Henry, an Undertaker in co. Lime-
rick, 61.
B.ingerstowne, 194.
Bingham, Byngham, 177.
, Captain, 76.
, George, 270.
;..., Sir George, 222.
, Captain George, 232.
, Sir Richard, 6, 18, 41, 45, 76, 78, 91,
92,95, 107, 118, 128, 155, 221, 222,
224, 228, 231, 232, 234, 238, 239, 240,
241, 243, 245, 246, 247, 250, 265, 279,
285, 288.
, , kills the Blind Abbot (Me
William), the chief of the Burckes, 22.
, , Chief Commissioner, 93, 215.
, , Queen Elizabeth's sense of jus-
tice towards, 176.
, , appointed Marshal, 283, 296.
, , Marshal, 302, 304.
, , lightly condemned, 523.
Binghams, (he, 155, 279.
Birde, Henry, 25.
Birford, John, 193.
Birmingham, the Lord, 8.
Birne, Daniell, 227.
, Morgan, 253.
Birnes, Birns, Barnes, the, 189, 260, 311.
, one of the Irish families in Leinster r
273.
Birt, 194.
, Christopher, 194.
Bise,Mr.,221.
Bishopstowne, 193.
Black Castle, 194, 480.
Black rent, the Earl of Tyrone forbidden to
take, 39.
Black Staff, 133, 137.
Blacklowne, 192.
Blacknehall, William, 332.
Blackney, George, 188.
Blacknie, Stephen, 194.
Blackwater, the, 34, 107, 113, 114, 115, 124,
141, 152, 196, 201, 203, 232, 281, 284,
296, 353, 368, 521, 522.
, the Captain of the, 35.
, fort of, 39, 271, 274, 275, 287, 337.
, , , taken by the forces of the Earl
of Tyrone and his accomplices, 109.
, garrison at, 163, 164.
, castle and bridge at, to be re-edified.
164.
, fort and bridge at, 278.
, , to be re-edified by Tyrone, 162.
, defeat of the Marshal at, described.
280, 281.
Blake, Martin, 195.
Blanchevelston, 190.
Blarnye, Blarney, Blarny, the, 364.
, Tyrone encamped near the, 366.
, castle of, 512.
Blind Abbot, called Me William, chief of tht
Burkes (see Burke, Wm.), killed by Sir
Richard Byngham, 22.
Blunt, Blount, Lord Mountjoy, Lord Deputy,
see note, 365.
, Captain George, 384, 405, 423, 467.
Bodragg, Bodragge, 38.
, restitution to be made of any prey or,
by the Earl of Tyrone, 275.
Bodraggs, 94.
, stealths and outrages to be referred to
Commissioners, 278.
Bogs passed over with very great danger, 222.
Boihennaght, 352.
Boles, the, 194.
Bollen, 435.
Bollerye, James, 104.
Boltinglasse, wars of, 353.
Bolton, 195.
Bonaghes, Bonnaghes, see note, 381, 382, 437.
Bonnaught, 34, 38.
GENERAL INDEX.
531
Bonueybur, definition of, 72.
Bonybegge, bonybeg, bonnibeg, 70.
, definition of, 72.
, plowlands charged with, 65.
Boorks. See Burkes.
Borarston, 188.
Borbourg, 485.
Borough, Bouroghe, Lord, Lord Deputy, see
Burghe, instructions to, 213.
, , death of, 296,
Bostock, John, 64.
Mr., 228.
, Captain, 407.
Botevant, see Buttevant, 513.
Boudrowishe, 202.
Boulton, 253.
Bourcher, Bouchier, Bowchier, Bowser, Sir
George Knight, 8, 61, 67, 71, 75, 95,
118, 119, 120, 128, 132, 175, 185, 187,
222, 226, 228, 232, 235, 236, 241, 242,
243, 247, 251, 254, 258, 259, 302, 324,
327, 370, 371, 378, 379, 383, 384, 465,
500.
, Lady, with Lady Russell "rode a
hawking," 248.
Bourge, 436.
Bourk, Bowrk, Bourks, Bowrks. See Burke,
Burks.
Bourke, Lord, see Burke, 403, 414.
Bourke, Redmond, son to John, Baron of Lei-
trim, see Burke, 415, 416, 432, 438,
471,484,489,493.
Ullick, see Burke, 416, 417.
Bowen, 191.
, Mr., Marshal, 226, 228.
, Robert, Provost Marshal, pay of, 289.
Bowes, Sir Edward, 252, 253.
Bowles, Sir John, 251, 253.
Bowman, the assumed name of Father Archer,
251.
Bowyer, pay of a, 52.
Boy, O'Hary, 271.
Boye, Hugh, 250.
Boyle, 222, 235,318.
, Abbey of, 222, 242, 270.
Boylie Boy, 252.
Boyne, Captain, 152.
river of, 187,260.
Boys, 195.
, Captain, see note, 440, 441, 442, 465.
Bozwell, Captain, 431.
Brabant, overthrow of Spaniards in, by the
States, 255.
Brabson, Mr., 118, 238, 239, 240, 243.
, Edward, 119.
, William, 232.
, Anthony, 240, 332.
Brabzone, Sir Edward, 235.
Bracelough, Tyrlough, 521.
Branestone, 193.
Brass, pieces of artillery of, 8.
Brawne-Oburny, 193.
Bready, the, 299.
Bregnie. See Brenny.
Bregoge, Eily Barry of, 63.
Bremingham, Brimingham, Brymingham, 63,
146, 149, 165, 191, 347.
, John, the pursuivant, 153, 158.
.Richard, 193.
, Patrick, 193.
, , committed for suspicion of mis-
demeanour, 62.
Brenny, Brennye, Breny, Breyneie, &c., the. 98,
107, 113, 127, 141, 143, 144, 146, 160,
163, 165, 168, 196, 232,255,257, 271,
321, 32.
, otherwise called Cavanco., 93, 299.
, preyed by Tyrone and his accomplices,
109.
, soldiers sent to, to defend the bor-
ders of the Pale, 146.
Brereton, Randall, <J3.
Bresse, 436.
Brett, Captain, 128, 236, 303.
Brian-a-Saugh, 406.
Bribb, Patrick McShaan, 230.
Bribery, "The chief powers must shun thi-
corruption of," 203.
Briefs of letters patent, warrants, commissions,
&c., 296.
Briell in Holland, Governor of, see Burghe,
213.
Brierton, Edward, 191.
Brimegan, 244.
Brimegean, Lord, 239.
Brisket, Mr., 224, 225.
Briskloe, the, 252, 253, 256.
Bristol, 417, 419, 424.
Britanny, Bnttaine, Brittayne, Bryttayne,
Britanie, 24, 354, 438.
, a book of news of, sent by Sir Get).
Carew to Lord Deputy Fitz Williams
56.
Regiment, Captain Baker of the, 114.
, companies in pay in Ireland, 127.
, the soldiers fitter for wars in, than for
Irish wars, 354.
British soldiers, arrival of, at Waterford, 228.
Britten soldiers mustered in Dublin, 228.
a, soldier for murder condemned to b<
hanged, drawn, and quartered, 231.
Broad Water, the, at Fermoy, 306.
, at Aflane, 307.
Broldy, Sir Dermotat, priest, 488.
Broofe, the, 473. See Bruffe.
Brooke, Sir Calistinas (Callistine), knighted r.t
Rathdrome by Lord Deputy Kv.ssvii,
259.
, , General of the horse, at th"
Blackwater, 280.
Broughe, the, 305.
Brounkett, Mr., 257.
L L 2
532
GENERAL INDEX.
Browne, 190, 246, 506.
, an English gentleman, councillor of
Connaught, with 25 of his men, slain
by the rebels, 3.
, one of the four chief clerks of Mr.
Wallopp, 329.
, Captain, 381, 387.
, Chr., 73, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 86.
, his complicity with O'llwaircke
in his late rebellion, 84.
, Henry, 237, 238, 246, 249, 250, 255.
, Michael, 68.
, Mr., 239.
, Nicholas, 68, 216, 300, 301.
, Patrick, merchant, 189. *
, Thomas, 67.
, Captain Thomas, 391.
, Ulick, 400.
Sir Valentine, commission to, and
others to survey and divide the escheated
lands in Munster, 104, 449.
, , his son Nicholas. 216.
Browne-Lonclone, barony of, see Articles, 67.
Bruffe, Bruff, the Broofe, in the county of
Limerick, 399, 473, 502.
castle of, of great import for the ser-
vice, 399, 400.
Bryans, the, 400,487.
Brymoore, 188.
Bryse, the, castle of, 27 1
Bryskett, Mr., 479.
Buckhurst, Buckhurste, Buchurst, &c., Thomas,
Lord, Lord Treasurer, 25, 170, 182, 355,
356, 365, 370, 387, 393, 407, 410, 459,
470, 479, 496, 501.
, , his cousin Clark[e], 43.
, , his secretary, see Phillipes, 231.
, , letters of, 39, 43, 482.
, , letter to, 42.
Buckingham, proportion of men levied from,
for Ireland, 283.
Bull of indulgence granted to the Irish rebels
by Pope Clement VIIJ., 523.
Bulloigne, Commissioners at, 396.
Bunburbe, 287.
Bundened, 74.
Bundowglishe, 74, 203.
Buonoghes, Bonaghes, 385,402, 412,415, 426,
427.
, Munster infested with, 490.
Burdensgrange, 480.
Burghe, Burgh, Borough, Thos., Lord, KG.,
Lord Deputy, 216, 218, 220, 255, 258,
259, 260, 271, 327, 397, 523.
, governor of Briell in Holland,
appointed Deputy in Ireland 18 April
1597, instructions to, 213.
his brother-in-law Vaughan,
269.
., letters to, 219, 268.
Burke, Boork, Bourke, &c., David, 300.
, Davy MacRichard, 271.
, Edmond, 481.
Feagh, 270.
, Sir Hubert Boy MacDavy, 270.
, John Shane, 270, 400.
...,Lord, 397, 491.
, McWater, 514.
, McWilliam, his country, 76.
, Oliver, 67.
, Redmond, 270, 299, 399.
Richard, 266, 270, 332.
, Theobald, 179.
, ne Long, abstract of his demands
265.
, Thomas MacHenry, 270.
, Sir Thomas, 465.
, Tibbott, Tybott ne Longe, &c., 217,
265, 270, 271, 272, 317, 318, 338, 491.
, Ullick, Ullicke, 232, 270.
, Walter Kittaghe, 7.
, William, 270.
, , alias the Blind Abbot, 7, 8.
, William FitzJohn, 104.
Burkes, Burckes, &c., the, 13, 107, 232, 237,
239, 272, 304, 400, 487.
, in rebellion, 3.
, articles of peace made with the, and
the O'Flarties, 7.
in Connough favourable to the Crown
of England, 18.
, the Blind Abbot chief of the, killed
by Sir Win. Byngbam, 22.
of Clanwilliam, 299.
in Connaught, 484.
, of Muskrie, 514.
, of Onaught, 514.
, of Coshnaie, 514.
Burkes' country, the, called Clanwilliam and
Muskery, 302.
Burklye, Sir Richard, 221.
Burleigh, Burghley, &c., William, Lord Trea-
surer, 9, 25, 132, 170, 182 ; his house
called Tiballs, 220.
.letter of, 11.
, .letters to, 2, 4, 14, 19, 20, 21,
24, 27, 35, 40, 42, 43, 48, 54, 55.
, , Sir George CareVs petition to,
to ratify an establishment for rates of
munition, 51.
, , his opinion touching the reduc-
tion of the Earl of Tyrone's rebellion,
520.
Burnchurche, Baron of, 190.
Burnell, Henry, 188, 195.
Burnes, the, 311. See Birnes.
Bnrres, Leighe, 480.
Burroughs, Sir John, his duel with Sir William
Drury, and death of the latter, 17.
Bushell, Lieut, 311.
GENERAL INDEX.
533
Bntler, Baron of Cahir, 514. See Cahir.
, , of Dunboyne, 514. See Dun-
boyae.
Butler, Edmund, Edmond, Sir Edmond, 182,
189, 191, 382, 383,480.
.., , letter to, 183.
James, 71, 182,183, 217, 229, 247,
248, 299.
, , son to Sir Edmond, 182.
, , nephew to the Earl of Ormond,
257.
, James Oge, Sir, 71, 513.
, Johan Dame, 512.
John, 480.
, Piers, Pierce, Peirce, Peirse, 183, 190,
229, 256, 257, 259, 382, 480.
, , son to Sir Edmund, 182.
, , son-in-iaw of Lord Mountgarrett,
183.
, Richard, sheriff, 190.
, Sir Theobald, 189.
, Theobald, 480.
, Thomas, Earl of Ormond, made Lieut.-
General and Captain of the army, see
also Ormond, 296.
, , Lord, of Cahir, 302.
Thomas, 480.
Walter, Sir Walter, 71, 383.
, William, 480.
, William Peers, 190.
Butlers, the, 186, 217, 239, 251, 252, 256, 383,
471, 484.
Buttevante, Buttivan, 304.
, , the Lord Viscount, 327.
, David, 66.
Bynnvorbe, Binvorbe, town of, 74.
Byrche, 254.
Byrn, James, 64.
Byrne's country, 273.
Byron, Marshal, 436.
Byrtche, Ralf, 3.
C.
Cabbragh, the, 193.
Caddell, Hichard, 193.
, Bx)bert, 193.
Caddie, George, 188.
John, 188.
Caddleston, 188.
Cade, Grace, 253.
Cadiz, Cales, 178, 238, 247.
, expedition to, under the Earl of
Essex and Lord Thomas Howard, the
Admiral, 178.
Cadiz, report of the capture of, bv Sir Francis
Drake, 238.
news of the capture of, by the Earl of
Essex, 247.
Caer, 423.
Caesar, Earl of Tyrone desires to be called
O'Neale, a name more valued by him
than to be titled a, 107.
, Julius, allusion to, see note, 208.
Caher, Cahir, Cahyre, 306, 315, 346, 462.
castle, castle of, 302, 315, 384.
, Thomas Butler, Lord of, 302, 514.
Lord of, 301, 303, 384, 385, 429,
440.
, the Lord Baron of, 299,480, 514.
Caishell, 505. See Cashel.
"Caishes," 113.
Calais, Callis, news of the Spaniards having
won, 245.
Calcestone, 194.
Calebegge, 299.
Cales, 178, 238, 247. See Cadiz.
Calivers, callivers, 17, 20, 222.
Callis, 245. See Calais.
Calloughe, 305.
Calry, 193.
Calthorpe, Mr., 25.
Calyyr, 305.
Cambell, Mr., Dean of Limerick, 367.
Cambridge, proportion of men levied in
county of, for Ireland, 283.
Cancoe, Hugh, 257, 258.
Canterbury, Archbishop of, 25, 182, 365, .370,
393, 41U, 459, 479, 501. See John
Whitgyft
, Lord of, 212.
Cantire, the Lord of, 28.
Cantwell, 190, 513.
, John, 71.
, of Mocanke (?). 513.
Cantwells, the, an indictment presented in Co.
Tipperary for a slaughter of some of,
119.
Cantwelston, 190.
Cape Finister, 184.
Cappaghe, 304.
Cappells, 72.
Cappoquinne, castle of, 397.
Capstock, 235.
Captain, any who detains any soldiers' wages
to be publicly punished, removed from
his charge, and compelled to pay double
the money detained, 267.
Captainries, the reasons of Sir John Perrot to
cut away the captainries and tanist-
ships among the mere Irishry that the
scipnories of the Irish lords should de-
scend from father to son according to
the common laws of England, 27.
4 1
534
GENERAL INDEX.
Captains of Ireland, an abstract of the orders
for musters sent from England and to
be delivered to the, 73.
" Capure ne hairke," one of the exactions of
the soldiers, 175.
" Capury encreasone," one of the exactions of
the soldiers, 175.
Carbay, Carbaye, 387.
Carbry, Carbrey, Carbrie, 300, 385.
, articles betwixt the Commissioners and
the freeholders, &c. of, at Cork for a
yearly composition, 64.
castle, 191.
, chief of, 385. See McCarty.
, country of, 427. "
, , a note of all the plowlands in
the, 351.
, lands in, 352.
Cardif, John, 188.
Cardinal, " daily expected to come over to
settle religion " amongst the rebels, 338.
Carew, Carewe, Carrou, Garrat, Garrallt, 46.
, Sir George, Knight, Lieutenant of the
Ordnance, Master of the Ordnance,
President, Lord President of Munster,
Justice, Chief Justice, 16, 22, 31, 48,
173, 196, 204, 271, 287, 288, 290, 356,
364, 371, 373, 384, 397, 407, 417, 425,
442, 443, 448, 449, 456, 459, 477, 484,
486, 495-497, 51 6. See notes, 203, 335,
339, 342.
, , promises to provide all habili-
ments of war if he can borrow money
of the Queen, 2.
, Disbursements made by him as
attorney to his mother and two aunts in
the administration of his uncle's goods
and in their business, 3.
, , appointed to the Master-
ship of the Ordnance, vacant by the
attainder and conviction of Sir William
Stanley, 9, 11.
, , his high estimation of the Queen,
19.
, , desires to be made a councillor,
20,41.
, , made a privy councillor, 41.
, , afflicted with fever, 40, 42.
, , his oath oil being admitted as a
privy councillor of Ireland, 42.
, his gratitude to Lord Burleigh
for using his influence in making Sir G.
Carew a member of the Council, 42.
., , licensed to repair into England
on the Queen's service, 47.
., and his own private affairs,
49, 50, 60.
., , desires to spend a portion of
every year in England, 46.
., , his devotion to the Queen, 46.
Carew, Sir George, Mrs. Parkins, widow, sup-
plicates that the sequestration granted
to Sir G. Carew as Master of the
Ordnance should be called in ; the
supplication granted, 47.
, , loans by, 49.
, , his petition to Lord Treasurer
Burleigh to ratify an establishment for
the rates of the munition to be sent into
Ireland, 51.
, Lord Deputy FitzWilliams
occupies part of his house for Council
causes during Carew's absence in Eng-
land, 51.
, ,an account of his interview with
the Queen in a letter to Lord Deputy
FitzWilliams, 58.
, , his anxiety to have the horsemen
well paid, 53, 54, 55, 58.
, , answers to the complaint of the
Queen about the heavy charge of the
army in Ireland ; a large army neces-
sary to be kept in readiness against any
Spanish invasion. See Carew's letter
to Lord Deputy FitzWilliams, 58.
, , the Queen expresses her opinion
to, that she did not dislike the govern-
ment of Lord Deputy FitzWilliams, but
that she feared he was too forward in
dealing with matters of religion, 58.
, , asserts in a letter to Lord
Deputy FitzWilliams that his purse is
too weak to remain long at Court, 61.
, , a report of the forces of Ulster
according to a note delivered to, 73.
, , "A discourse for Ireland," by,
105.
, , his knowledge of Irish causes
extending over 20 years, 105.
, , his discourse on Ireland, 128.
, , engaged in the expedition to
Cadiz, 178.
, , the barony of Idrone his ancient
inheritance, 191.
, , an old prophecy of, in Irish,
called Carounagh, 351.
, , appointed to take charge of the
government of Munster, 371.
, , intercepts the letters of Earl
of Tyrone to certain rebels, 443, 444.
, , " the inward friend " of Sir B.
Cecil, 448.
, , "the highest trust" reposed in,
by the Queen, 448.
, , commissions to, 6, 7, 11.
., warrants to, 6, 9, 15, 21, 39,43,
48.
., .letters of, 1,2,4,5,6,8, 10,11.
13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23J
24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 35, 36, 40, 41, 42,
43, 44, 45, 46, 53, 54, 58, 59, 60, 380,
385, 387, 390, 391, 392, 399, 405, 410,
415, 416, 425, 433, 434, 437, 453, 469,
470, 486, 490, 498.
GENERAL INDEX.
535
darew, Sir George, letters to, 4, 5, 9, 10, 1 1, 12,
13, 15, 16, 22, 24, 39, 43, 50, 51, 56, 57,
59, 862, 363, 365, 367,370,371,374,
376, 377, 378, 379, 384, 385, 388, 389,
390, 392, 393, 395, 397, 398, 403, 404,
406, 407, 409, 410, 417, 418, 420, 422,
423, 424, 434, 439, 440, 441, 442, 444,
449, 450, 451, 457, 460, 461, 462, 463,
464, 466, 467, 470, 474, 478, 479, 480,
481, 482, 484, 494, 497, 500, 501.
, , his wife, Lady Carew, 2,5,6,
12, 13, 50, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60.
, , in England, 1, 2.
, , , licence to, by Lord Deputy
FitzWilliams to take with her into
England horses or hackneys of Irish
breed, 520.
, , his uncles, 2, 3, 4, 44, 59, 60.
See Wyngfelde and George Harvey.
, , , his cousins, 1, 14. See Sir
Walter Raleigh and John Stanhope.
, John, 70.
, Sir Peter, 53, 256.
arey, Cary, Carye, Sir George, Treasurer at
Wars, 290, 372, 397, 398,417, 423, 430,
448. 466, 470, 478, 494, 496.
, , instructions to, 290.
, , appointed Treasurer at Wars,
296.
letters to, 290, 417, 422.
, Lord Justice, 477.
, George, see Hunsdon.
, George, Captain George, 304, 327.
, Henry, 315.
Carickbaine, camp at, letter dated at, 395.
Caricke, the, 308.
Carick-Teage, 287.
Carigepookie, castle, of, 512.
Carigfallcoghe, castle of, 512.
Carigneyleghe, castle of, 512.
Carignymuk, the castle, town, and lands of,
511.
Carignywar, castle of, 512.
Carigoholoughe, 433.
Carlile, Mr., 41.
Carlingford, Carlingforde, 128, 140, 196, 198,
216, 283.
castle of, 187.
, "the marshal town of," 196.
, port of, 283.
Carlo, Art O'Hon, hanged at, 51.
Carlo, co., alias Catherlagh, 190.
Carlogh, Carloh, 431, 439, 442, 495.
Carlowe, 217.
castle, 224.
Carnarvan, 2.
Carntiell, a town in Tyrone so called, 99.
Carolo, Don, letter of Hugh Earl of Tyrone to,
requesting the aid of the King of Spain
not only to re-establish the Catholic
religion in Ireland, but to secure that
kingdom for the said King, 122.
Carough, Brian, 287.
Carounagh, an old prophecy of Carew in Irish
so called, 351.
Carran, Malladg, 480.
Carrebry, 399.
Carrickbaune, 232.
Carricke, 194, 271.
Carrickfergus, Carickfergus, Carigfergus, Car-
ryfergus, Kerifergus, &c., 19, 107, 128,
133, 154, 155, 221, 253, 271, 272, 290,
395.
Carrickfoyle, 104.
Carrick-Teall, 287.
Carrigdroid, Carrigdrohid, castle of, 512.
Carrigetearhie, 480.
Carriglynnye, manor of, 65.
Carrignecorraghe, castle of, 512.
Carrignemucke, Carrignymuk, castle, town,
and lands of, 512.
Carrigroghane, manor, of, 449.
Carroll, one of the four clerks of Mr. Wallop,
329.
, James, 332.
Carron alias Carewe, Garrallt, 46. See
Carew.
Carroule, Ch., 131. See Sir Charles O'Carroll.
Carty, Cartie, Carte, 352.
, Charles, 374, 376.
, Cor, 69.
,Don : McConnocke, 511, 512.
, Donell Oge ne, 64.
, Fynin McDonell Oge, 512.
, Owen, 64.
, Owen McTeg, 512.
Carties, the, their country, 69, 427. See
Articles.
of Carbry, 385.
of Desmond, 385.
of Dowalla, 385.
ofMuskry, 385, 512.
of Munster, 426.
Carygofoyle, Carrygofoyle, 401, 402, 413, 425,
426, 428.
, castle of, 412.
Carygoholoughe in Thomond, 426.
Cashel, Cashell. Cashill, Caishell, 194, 367, 370,
400,432,487,493,505,
, Archbishop of, Bishop of, 71, 296,
297, 298, 447, 458, 461, 462, 470, 476,
498. See McCraghe.
, indenture between Con O'Neill
and, 297.
, , " a most turbulent spirit," 445.
, , pardon granted to, under the
Great Seal, 456.
, , bis three sons,Terence, Redmond,
and Barnaby, prisoners' with the rebels,
456.
, , and his tenants to have restored
to them the castles and lands belonging
to them lost in the rebellion in Munster,
457.
536
GENERAL INDEX.
Cashel, Archbisohp of, Bishop of, complains
'that the mayor and inhabitants of Water-
ford do not pay such ecclesiastical duties
to him as their ordinary, or answer his
jurisdiction, 457.
, his earnest suit to the Queen,
457.
, , his information against the citi-
zens of Waterford " for their presump-
tions insolencies in the exercise of their
Popish religion," 469.
, , his son married to the sister of
the Countess of Desmond, 492.
, his brother Myell Magragh,
456.
, Archbishops of, 456.
, the portreeve of, 212.
, the pass of, 432,439.
Cashellian, 514.
Cassan, river of, in Kerry, 426.
Casselen, Milerus, 71. See Archbishop of
Cashel.
Cassie, 249.
Castell-Lions, 513.
Castell-Toame, 107.
Castle of the Crane hi Dublin, 76, 79.
Castle of Dublin. See Dublin.
Castle Barr, 271.
Barry, the castle and lands of, 266.
Chamber, 25, 258.
Castledertnode, 431.
Castle Demon, 50, 229.
Castle Dirrhy, 191.
Fynne in Tyreconnell, 108.
Hely, 190.
Jordan, 195.
Keren, 321.
Castlekevin, Castlekeavyn, 290.
Castleknock, 188.
, barony of, 188.
Castlelyf, 190.
Castle Lyons, Castle Lions, 306, 307.
Castlemaigne, Castlemange, Castle-Maine, 462,
472, 505.
, constable of, 473. See Thomas Oge.
, castle of, 488.
, bridge of, to be repaired, 505.
Castlemartin, 191.
Castle More, 512.
Castle ny Ilinshy, 512.
Castle Keban, 191.
, Richard, 195.
Castlering, 196.
Castleton, Castletowne, 191, 192, 193, 194,
196, 232.
Catherlough, Catherlogh, Catherloghe, Cather-
lagh, 255, 256, 431.
castle, constable of, 191. See Har-
poole.
co., alias Carlo co., 189, 190, 196,
256, 298.
Catherlough, co., sheriff of, 95, 257. See
Peirse Fitz James.
, army in Ireland, the Captain-General
of, 523. See O'Neale, Earl of Tyrone.
Catholic religion, the efforts made to re-establish
in Ireland, 122, 123.
, the Irish rebels support, 179.
, its maintenance desired by Earls of
Tyrone and Desmond, 362.
to be maintained, 363.
Causes in Ulster, Sir Henry Bag-nail, acting in
a way unknown to the Queen and the
Council of England, has got commis-
sion to end all, 89.
Cavan, the, 141, 143, 144, 223, 242, 271, 279,
322.
, the town of, spoiled by the forces of
Earl of Tyrone and his accomplices,
109.
, the commander of the forces in, pay
of, 290.
, country of, 322.
, co., otherwise called the Brenny, 45,
93, 140, 156, 196, 202, 216, 299.
, , composition of, 203.
Cavanagh, Cavanaghe, Brian McDonoghe,
382.
, Caroe McDonnell, 256.
, Morris McHugh, 257.
Cavanaghs, Cavanaughes, Cavannaughes, Ca-
vaners, Cavenaghs, Cavenaghes, the, 94,
253, 260, 273, 298, 308, 311, 352, 506.
, their rebellious character, 44.
, reduced to submission, 45.
, part of the Irish inhabiting co. Wex-
ford so called, 190.
Cavenagh, Derby, his head exposed on the top
of the Castle of Dublin, 51.
, Garret McMurtagh, 191.
, Morgan McBryan, 191.
Cavenawe, Crean, a stout thief confined in the
gaol of Tipperary, 50.
Caverlie, 225.
Cayla, 271.
Cayvoloughe, Hugh, one of the sons of Shane
O'Neale, 197.
Cecil, Cecill, Cecyll, Cecile, Ceecil, Cicill, Sir
Robert, her Majesty's principal secre-
tary, 130, 170, 182, 223, 234, 247, 278,
355, 356, 365, 370, 393, 396, 406, 407,
410, 423, 453, 457, 459, 467, 470, 471,
480, 486, 494, 496, 498, 501.
, his high opinion of Sir W.
Raleigh, 448.
, .reference to such letters of his
that were left unburnt, see note, 460.
, , memorial for Ireland by, 523.
, , letters of, 179, 367, 376, 390,
395, 407, 418, 420, 424, 434, 439, 444,
448, 450, 451, 459, 461, 462, 463, 467,
474, 479, 480, 484, 497, 501.
, , letters to, 130, 353, 374, 496.
, Sir Thomas, 14, 20, 80, 81.
Cecyll. See Cecil.
GENERAL INDEX.
537
Cesse, 4, 55, 66, 67, 68, 102.
, order made for the, for soldiers muti-
nous from unpaid wages in Dublin, 31.
the Marshal and Master of the Ord-
nance formerly relieved by, when they
had Irish pay, 43.
, compositions for and other imposts,
63, 68. See articles.
and victualling, composition for, 67.
, the composition in co. Tipperary for,
70.
Composition for, being a loss to the
Crown, should be abolished, 208.
, composition in lieu of, amount of its
revenue in the Pale, 520.
Cesses, 279.
, for soldiers and victuals, the people
burdened with, 176.
Chamber, the Queen's, 225.
Chamberlain, Lord, 408.
Chamberlaine, Chamberlayne, Captain, 303,
311.
Chambers, death of, 253.
Chambery, 436.
Champion, John, 61.
Chancellor, the, 45, 131, 219, 220, 394, 446.
and Council, 257.
, Lord, of England, 61. See Sir Chris-
topher Hatton.
, the, of the Exchequer, 255, 396. See
Molinex and Cooke.
Chancery, the, 292.
, Courts of, 292.
Channel, the, 105.
Chapman, 12.
Charlemagne, see note, 208.
Chaterton, Dr., Bishop of Chester, 220.
Cheeffrey, definition of this exaction, 71.
Cheevers, 191.
Chellishe, 451.
Chelsey, 362.
Cheque, checque, clerk of the, 49, 224. See
Sir Thomas Williams.
, , letter to, 23.
, , warrant to, 49.
, , the orders of the army under his
charge, 72.
Cheque office, officers of the, 466.
Cheshire, 225.
Chester, 10, 11, 12, 80, 107, 198, 224, 234,
235, 237, 244, 245, 258. 281, 283, 405,
506.
, Bishop of, 220. See Chaterton.
., , mayor of, 220.
, Vice-Chamberlain of, 220. See Ser-
geant Warborton.
, Mr., 228.
Cheston, Captain Thomas, 331.
Chevere, 190.
Chichester, Chechester, 59.
, Sir Arthur, 404, 406, 495.
Chichester, Captain, sergeant-major, 225, 226,
227, 228, 234, 241, 242, 247, 248, 249,
252, 254. See note, 242.
, .knighted by Lord Deputy Russell
and called Sir John Chichester, 256,
259, 272.
Chief Baron, 131, 189, 213, 219, 293. See
Sir Lucas Dillon.
, an Englishman appointed to this office
on account of the partiality of native
judges, 90, 91.
Chief Commissioner, 215. See Sir Richard
Bingham.
, in Connaught, 216. See Sir Conyers
Clyfford.
Chief Justice, 91, 131, 149, 167,211, 219, 223,
361, 394, 470. See Sir Robert Gard-
iner and Sir William Weston.
of Munster, 209, 392, 502. See
Saxie.
and Council, 361.
Chief Justices of the Benches, 213, 293.
Children, the parental love for, begets pru-
dence and obedience to the laws, 28.
Chillister, John, 64.
Chiswick, 220.
Chivers, John, 194.
Choyney, definition of this exaction, 72.
Christ Church, 62, 228, 235, 238, 240, 244
248.
, Dean of, 189. See Garry.
Christian State, necessity of religious instruc-
tion in a, see Earl of Tyrone's letter to
the King of Spain, 349.
Churchstowne, 194.
Cicil, Mr., a pensioner, 222.
Cicill, Sir Robert. See Cecil.
, Sir Thomas. See Cecil.
Clagh, 190.
Clan Dermoudie, 352.
Teg Ellen, 352.
, Roe, 352.
Clanardens, the, 116.
Clanbresologhe, country of, 108.
Clancalloghans, 513.
Clancam, country of, 108.
Clancare, Clancarre, Earl of, 215, 269, 300
437, 473, 517.
, Donel McCartiemore made.
516.
, , death of his eldest son the Baron
of Valencia, 516.
, , his daughter, 216.
, , the reasons that Florence Mc-
Carty alleges to prove that the Earl's
lands ought to descend to Ellen his wife
and to her heirs, 516.
Clancarr, Donyll, 68.
Clancaruell Ferry, 299.
Clancartie, Clan Cartie, countries of, 69.
Clancarties, Clan-Carties, 444, 472.
, of Dowallie, or Dowalla, 69, 444,
538
.GENERAL INDEX.
Clan Cnoghos, 511.
Clanconnoll, Earl ot', see O'Neale, 108.
Clanconogher, 512.
Clan Cormocke Oge, one of the septs of the
Carries, 512.
Clancromin, 352.
Clancurry, 191.
Clandeboy, Clandeboye, Clandebuy, Clandhu-
boie, 57, 102, 115, 126,271,288.
/., Upper, 93, 287.
, , number offerees in, 73.
Nether, 93.
, , number offerees in, 73.
Clandeboyes, the, 163, 173, 196, 216, 271.
, the Captain of, 521.
Clandeboyes, Clandebouys, Upper, 287.
, , Lord of the, 299.
, Lower, the Lords of the, 287.
Clandermodes, the, 217.
Clandermodie, Clandermody, 69, 301.
Clandonell, Hugh Boy, 191.
Clandonnell, Eoe, 301.
Clandonnells, the, 271.
Clane Awlie, 69. See Articles.
Clanecahell, 352.
Clanfeddaghe, the sept of, 512.
Clanfynin, Clanfynyn, 511, 513.
Clangibbon, the White Knight's country so
called, 305, 306.
Clangloswoodd, 191.
Clankally, 155.
Clanloghlin, 352.
Clanmorris, the barony and half barony of, in
co. Kerry, 67. See Articles.
Clanmorryes, the country of, the territory of
the Baron of Lixuawe, 61.
Clanmorrys, 425.
Clanmoylin, 352.
Clanwilliam, Clonwilliam, the country of the
Burkes, 299, 300, 302, 400, 401, 480.
Clanri^ard, 254, 318, 491.
Clanricarde, Clanricard, Clanrichard, Clan-
rickard, Clanrycard, Earl of, Lord of,
8, 128, 177, 238, 239, 240, 241,245,
254, 304, 319, 360, 416, 490, 491.
, , his son, 360.
, , his uncle Redmond ne Skoabe,
300.
Clan-Shane-Roe, 351.
Clanshies, Clanshyes, 179.
, a letter iu Irish sent by, into Munster
to stir up rebellion, 1 79.
Clantarff, 188.
Clare, 216, 300, 361.
, state of, 270.
co., 196, 217.
Clare, Captain. 301, 405, 406,'424.
Clarke, Clark, cousin of Lord Buckhurst, 39,
42, 43.
Altone, 246.
, Francis, 238.
John, 231.
Clarke, Clerk, Sir William, Knight, 222-228,
230, 232, 238, 242, 243, 244, 249, 252.
Claynbroghan, 301.
Clearichanstowne, 480.
Clelande, 190.
Clement VIII., Pope, bull of indulgence to all
the Irish rebels by, 523.
Clenardran, 193.
Clergie, the, 180.
Clerk of the Cheque. See Sir Thomas Williams.
the Council, 289, 361.
the Ordnance, 13, 14.
Clerke, Sir William. See Clarke.
Cley, Phenis, Provost Marshal in Connaught,
332.
Clifford, Clyfford, Sir Convers, Conyers, Con-
nyers, Conniars, Connia[r]s, Conniers,
Chief Commissioner in Connaught,
Governor of Connaught, President of
Connaught, 216, 217, 254, 255, 257,
265, 269, 272, 277, 285, 304, 306, 317,
318,319,332.
, , appointed Governor of Con-
naught, 254.
, , his pay, 289.
, , betrayed, 523.
,Lady, 255.
Clinton, 196.
Clintonstowne, 196.
Cloghan O'Madden, castle of, 171.
Cloghda, castle of, 512.
Cloghecullie, 480.
Cloghemenecode, 480.
Cloghgrenan, 191.
Cloghin, 270.
Cloghon, 243.
Cloghphillippe, castle of, 512.
Cloinne, 240.
Clonard, 195.
Clondaly, 195.
Clone, in co. Cork, 205.
Clonebreney, 195.
Clonegawny, 192.
Clonekevan, 195.
Clongell, 194.
Clonin, the name of the chief house of the Lord
of Delvin, 192.
C Ion Ion nan, barony of, called (yMolaghin's
country, 193.
Clonmaghan, 195.
Clonmell, 367, 429, 440, 487, 493.
, cantred of, 480, 514.
Clonmore, 190, 196.
Clonresse, 193.
Clonwilliam, a country of the Burkes, 400,
401. See Clanwilliam.
Clonys, abbey of, 202.
GENERAL INDEX.
639
Clougharde, 287.
Clownebolche, 192.
Cloyduff, 192.
Clumell, 301, 302, 305, 306.
" Cly fifes," workmen who make them to be
sent from Dublin to Waterford and
Cork to instruct others, 24.
Clyfford, Sir Conyers. See Clifford.
, Lady. See Clifford.
, Sir Nicholas, 245.
Clyfton, Edward, 490, 494, 499.
Clythe, the hill, 321.
Cob, Mr., 255.
Cobham, H., 170.
, Lord, Lord of, 409, 437, 476, 485.
, W., 25, 182.
Cobos, Alonso, 145.
, Don Olonso, 245.
Cogan, Coggan, William, 64, 66.
Coghlan, 192.
Cockington, in county of Devon, 290.
Cockleye, Sir Thomas, 308.
Coin, " considerations fit to be had for restoring
of a rich coin again in Ireland with a
perpetual continuance of the same,"
508.
Coinage, the, discussed, 506, 509.
, the advantages of a good coinage to a
country, 509.
Colan, bridge at, 304, 305.
Colclough, Sir Thomas, 190, 191.
Cole, Gregory, 195.
Colerane, 107.
Colie, Lady, 229.
Collanstowne, 191.
Collar-maker, a, pay of, 52.
Colley, Sir George, 191.
Collibeg, 351.
Collier, Mr., 222, 223.
.Captain, 128, 136, 138.
Collimore, 35 K
Collmollen, 195.
Collmoole stone, 195.
Colman, Morgan, 132, 196.
, Ric., 70.
Colrane, Colran, 107.
, number offerees in, 73.
Colthurst, Edmund, 396.
Comerford, Mr., a lawyer, 361, 406.
, Garret, Gerrat, 190, 428.
Coinkierie, 514.
Commissaries, 494.
for the musters in Munster. 335,365,
391,481.
, pay of, 290.
and captains all corrupt, 485.
Commissary, the, 425.
Commission, Ecclesiastical, 90, 213.
regarding spoils during the cessation of
arms, 160.
Commissioners, High, 58".
Commissioners, 7, 26, 30, 62, 64, 71, 83, 89,
90, 132, 133, 134, 135, 138, 154, 160,
163, 166, 167, 168, 172, 177, 178,205,
206, 213, 214, 215, 220, 246, 247, 256,
276, 324, 356, 379, 393, 433, 435. See
Wallop and Gardiner.
articles between, and the freeholders
of several counties in Munster, 63-69.
See Articles.
sit in St Patrick's Church to examine
the charge against Sir Robert Dillon,
62.
, instructions for, authorized by letters
patent to make grants of lands in
Munster escheated by the rebellion of
the Earl of Desmond and others, 102.
, protection for Hugh Earl of Tyrone
and Hugh O'Donnell during their con-
ference with, 140.
, their answers to the demands of Hugh
Earl of Tyrone, 152.
, petitioned for by O'Donnell to settle
all controversies, 153.
their answers to the demands of Hugh
O'Donnell, 154.
, the appointment of, desired to settle
all controversies instead of the charge
and government by seneschals, sheriffs,
or garrisons, 158.
, articles propounded by the, to Hugh
O'Donnell, and his answer to the same,
161.
, articles propounded by, to Hugh Earl
of Tyrone, 162.
, , his answer to the same, 164.
are desired to be appointed for all con-
troversies in Tireconnell and Sligo
instead of a garrison or officer, 1 69.
"Answers upon the Articles of the,"
169.
, fit, to be selected for Connaught, 176.
, appointment of, to know the true
strength of the army, 322.
appointed to examine the State debts
in Munster, 369.
of Munster, 103, 425, 477,496. Set:
Wallop and Gardiner ; see also Com-
missioners.
, letters of, 135, 136, 137, 138,
140, 141, 146, 147, 158, 159, 165, 363.
, letters to, 25, 135, 136 137,
138, 140, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149,
150, 154, 160, 355, 370, 372.
and Council of Munster, letter of, 363.
at Bulloigne, 396.
at Dnndalk, Dondalke, 94, 174.
in England, 328, 329.
Commissions, 215, 219.
, the Queen dislikes the extraordinary
charges for, 58.
, briefs of, 296.
Common Law, what causes to be determined
by, 394.
540
GENERAL INDEX.
Common Pleas, Chief Justice of, 62, 215, 500.
See Sir Robert Dillon and Sir Nicholas
Walsh.
Composition, 67, 177.
money and amount of revenue from,
520.
, Earl of Tyrone consents to have his
country under, 34.
in lieu of cesse and other imposts, 68.
for cesse in co. Tipperary, 70.
of Connaught greater than that of
Munster or any other province, 176.
for cesses being a loss to the Crown
should be abolished, 208.
, stipends allowed out of, in Connaught,
in lieu of all other taxes and cesses,
215.
of the Pale in lieu of the cess, amount
of revenue from, 520.
Compositions for cesse and other imposts, 63.
Comptroller, Mr., 457.
Comshey, barony of, 514.
Conagh, 10.
Concordatum, 447, 505.
, warrant of, 291.
, power of ordering payment of extra-
ordinary sums by, 294.
Concordatums, 357, 442, 475.
, great sums granted by Deputies and
Council by, for very mean services and
unnecessary causes, 294.
to be enrolled in the Council books,
294.
Conder, Patrick, 305.
Condon, 286.
, Edmond McJohn, 64.
Edmond Og, 64.
, Patrick, 64, 299, 385.
, Richard, 70.
, Richard, alias McMaoge, 64.
, Walter, 64.
, William McEdmond, 64.
Condon's country, the gentlemen and free-
holders of, compound with the Commis-
sioners, 64.
Conelo, 304.
Connath, 336.
Connaught, Conaght, Connoght, 1, 6, 9, 11,
22, 76, 107, 118, 124, 127, 129, 130,
133, 139, 144, 147, 153, 155, 160, 161,
164, 165, 166, 168, 177, 179, 180, 182,
185, 186, 192, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202,
211, 215, 218, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240,
241, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250, 255, 257,
262, 273, 277, 285, 290, 300, 304, 317,
337, 348, 349, 361, 368, 386, 401, 406,
414, 420, 443, 465, 495, 499, 505.
, Attorney in, 177.
, Commissioner of, 288.
, a Chief Commissioner to be made for,
318.
, Justice in, 177.
, Chief Justice and Colonel of, to have
sole authority in all civil cases, 361.
Connanght, Governor of, 254, 257, 265, 269,
279, 282, 304, 353, 490. See Sir Conyers
Clifford and Sir Arthur Savage.
.President of, 316. See Sir Conyers
Clifford, Provost Marshal of, 258. See
John Ball.
the Burkes in, 484.
, McWilh'am, the most notorious traitor
in, 216, 217.
, Irish companies in, 491.
, province of, 91.
, , pledges for, 94.
, the most troublesome province, 3.
, the rebels of, 162, 217, 269, 334.
, the main strength of the rebels in,
405.
, revolt of, 196.
, tumults of, how to be suppressed, 199.
, Brian Oge O'Rworck the disturber of,
93.
, the late rebellion in, 27.
, rebellious under Sir R. Bingham's
government, 45.
, the rebels in, desirous of liberty of
conscience for all men, 159.
men, the Earl of Desmond depends
upon, as rebel supporters, 453, 454.
, state of, 216, 269, 272.
, wars of, 353, 355.
, invaded at the instigation of the
Bishop of Rome and the King of Spain,
97.
, causes, 143.
, under composition, 38.
, composition in lieu of cesse in, 63.
, stipends allowed out of the composi-
tion in, in lieu of all other taxes and
cesses, 215.
, pay of officers of, 289.
, fit Commissioners to be selected for,
176.
, government of, 519.
, , to be extinguished utterly upon
the establishment of a President and
State in Ulster, 505.
Connanghts, the, 217.
Conney, Coneigh, 306, 307.
Connilogh, Connyloughe, 64, 67. See Articles.
Connor, Barnaby, 192.
, Rosse, 157.
Connors, the, 104, 217, 260, 274.
, ofOfaly, 338.
, , a proposal to remove them to a
foreign country, 506.
Conolough, Conoloughe, Conologhe, 401, 402,
410,411,413,472.
Conough, Connough, Connoughe, Conogh,
13, 332, 522.
, Provost Marshal of, 332. See John
Ball and Phenis Cley.
, Commissioners sent into, to compound
a peace with the rebels, 6.
GENERAL INDEX.
541
Conough, the Burkes in, most unfavourable
to the Crown of England, 18.
Conscience, free liberty of, one of the demands
of Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, and others,
on condition of their submission, 133, 146,
147, 149, 151, 150, 155, 156, 158, 159 ;
the popularity of such a demand, 147 ;
to grant such considered not only dis-
honourable to God and dangerous, but
contrary to the laws, 147 ; and the
request itself considered an act of dis-
loyalty, 167-170.
, , the Queen's opinion that such
should not be tolerated, 168, 169, 172.
, , Hugh Earl of Tyrone petitions
for, 274.
Constable, Captain, 311. !
, Ensign, 311.
, Sir Robert, 24.
, Sir William, 324, 335.
Controller, Mr., 396.
Conway, Conwaye, Jenken, Jenkyn, Captain
Jenken, 61, 68.
Conwey, Conwaie, Captain, 128, 239.
Cooke, Sir Anthony, 378.
, , letter to, 486.
, Richard, 251, 252, 258, 259.
, , made Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, 255.
Cookestowne, 193, 195, 196.
Coomberfoorde, 404.
Coolbaneghar, 191.
Cooleshell, 309.
Coolie, Mr., 253.
Cooswill, Morys, 65.
Copland Island, Scots landing at, 234.
Coppinger, John, 66.
, Robert, 69, 372.
Coran, William, 188.
Corballies, 188, 193, 194.
Corbetstowne, 192.
Oorcurr, 243.
Corduff, 188.
Corgrage, 413.
Cork, Corke, Corck, Corcke, 14, 16, 19, 20,
21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 64, 66, 129, 130,
196, 209, 211, 254, 255, 306, 320, 327,
368, 372, 373, 374, 377, 384, 386, 388,
391, 398, 402, 403, 413, 414, 415, 416,
417, 426, 427, 433, 441, 448, 449, 469,
470, 492, 512.
, city of, 393, 427, 433, 449, 477.
, town of, 355.
, river of, 415.
, Bishop of, 9, 320, 387, 391 ; " Cragh
the usurped Bishop" of, 515. See
Dermond McCraghe.
, , letter of, 362.
and Rosse, Bishop of, 365. See
William Lyon.
, Mayor of, 390, 391, 394, 479.
, , letter to, 22.
, Mayor and Aldermen of, letter to,
478.
Cork, Paymaster for, letter to, 355.
, Council at, 320.
, articles between the Queen's Commis-
sioners and others made at, 64, 66, 68,
69, 70.
, to be fortified in order to be prepared
against Spanish invasion, 19.
the fittest place to land the Spaniards,
515.
, an abstract of the requests of the city
of Cork to her Majesty, with answers to
the same, 393.
, letters dated at, 24, 26, 365, 367, 374.
434, 439, 454.
, CO., 69, 204, 205, 299, 351, 364, 402,
414, 427, 449.
, , Barretts' lands in, 373.
, , Lord Barry's lands in, 513. '
, , names of the Undertakers in,
61.
, , compositions for cesse and other
imposts in, 63.
Corkevynnye, barony of, in co. Kerry, 67.
See articles.
Corkry, barony of, 192.
Cormocke, Cormock, the brother of Hugh
Earl of Tyrone, 74, 115, 118, 143.
See Tyrone.
Cornwall, 476.
Corolanston, 192.
Corroghboye, 128.
Corron, 271.
Corslets, Handborough and Flanders, the
supply of, badly shaped and rotten, 25.
Cosbie, Colonel, 280, 281.
Cosbryde, Cosbridie, Coshbryd, 68. See
Articles.
, cantred of, 477.
Cosby, Cosbe, 56, 191.
, Francis, 189.
Cosfealie, lands of, 506.
Coshan, 228.
Coshbryd, 68. See Cosbryde.
Coshmore, 300.
Coshnaie, the Burkes of, 514.
Coshomore, Coshowmore, 68. See Articles.
Cosmore, 477.
Cosshery, definition of this exaction, 72.
Coullowries, the two, 514.
Council of Ireland, 5, 6, 7, 14, 17, 20, 25, 31,
53, 55, 56, 57, 59, 76, 85, 90, 101,
109, 118, 140, 144, 145, 158, 166, 167,
182, 183, 184,206, 210, 211, 213,215,
216, 218, 219, 221, 222, 225, 227, 230,
232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239,
240, 241, 242, 244, 246, 247, 251, 253,
254, 255, 256, 257, 259, 260, 268, 271,
283, 284, 286, 291, 294, 295, 296, 300,
302, 307, 312, 313, 315, 316, 317, 327,
329, 334, 339, 340, 342, 348, 352, 356,
359, 360, 375, 384, 394, 404, 406, 418,
423, 429, 433, 442, 450, 465, 467, 474,
476,492,499,521. See Lord Deputy
and Council ; also Ireland.
342
GENERAL INDEX.
Council of Ireland, Clerk of the, 289, 361.
, Sir George Carew's desire to be a
member of, 40.
, an act of, termed " concordatum,"
209.
the Surveyor to send copies of his
books every half year to, 267.
letters of, 316,371. See Lord Deputy
and Council.
^letters to, 284, 316, 339, 845. See
Lord Deputy and Council.
Council Board, 19, 20, 21, 118.
book, 71, 118.
books, concordatums to be enrolled in,
294.
Chamber, 85, 225.
table, 94, 182, 183, 330, 334.
Council of Wars, 231, 241, 242.
Council of England, 16, 45, 76, 82, 89, 123,
177, 209, 221, 224, 230, 258, 268, 479.
See Privy Council ; also England.
"pestered" by Irish servitors and
suitors, 180.
, the surveyor to send copies of his
books every half year to, 267.
, Earl of Essex supposes himself charged
with not following the advice of, 518.
, the Earl writes his apology to, 518.
, Lords of the, 39, 212, 223, 265, 287,
288, 369, 376, 389, 408, 494.
, , letterof,25. See Privy Council.
letter to, 43.
Council at Cork, 320.
of Munster, 320, 473, 494.
, letters of, 366, 385.
Council Books of the province of Munster,
502.
Councillors, 91, 224, 486, 522.
Coundon, Garrott, 70.
Counties, schedule of the, in which men were \
levied for Ireland upon the defeat of !
the Marshal near Armagh, 283.
County Palatine, 119.
, , disorders in, 493, see Onnond.
, , of Tipperary, 130, 487.
Couran, Philip, 188.
Court, the, 15, 50, 54, 60, 184, 222, 223, 224,
244, 353, 374, 437, 472, 476, 485, 493,
519.
, , Sir George Carew says his purse
is too weak to remain long at, 61.
, , Earl of Tyrone destitute of
friends at, to withstand the evil and
powerful influence of the Lord Deputy
Sir William Kit/Williams, and the
Marshal Sir Henry Bagnall, who are
jointly at enmity with him, 38.
, , letters dated at, 5, 15, 24, 47,
59, 180, 409, 44C, 462, 482.
, Inns of, 493.
Courtiu-ye, Sir Wiii'am, 61.
Coursie, Coursye, Geratt, late Lord, 500.
, John, 69.
, , Lord, 500.
the house of the Lord, 500.
, barony of, alienation by Geralt Lord
Coursie of all the patrimony which was
the maintenance of that ancient barony,
500.
Coursie's country, the gentlemen and inhabi-
tants of, compound, 69.
Coventry, 220.
Covert, Captain Humfrey, instructions to, 455.
Cowarba, the, of Drumrela, 85.
Cowdrye, Lord Montcute's house so called, 60.
Cowle, 155, 156.
Cowlerayne, 203.
Cowley, 191.
Cowlneallven, 194.
Cowlniagh, 191.
Cowlock, barony of, 188.
Cowlrayne, 201.
Cowte, 410.
Coxe, Mr., 311.
Coyne, plowlands, charged with, 65.
Coyne and livery, 65.
Cradockstowne, 191.
Cragfergus, 224.
Cragh, Craghe, Dr., Bishop of Cork, 462, 515;
called " the Eomish Bishop Craghe,"
487. See McCragh.
Crane, the, 256.
, Castle of the, in Dublin, 76, 79.
Creaghe, Thomas, 68.
Crcaghts, Creaughts, Creats, 93, 126, 202,
406.
Crebronagh, 506.
Crickston, 193.
Cripps, Henry, shipmaster, 24.
Crobey, 195.
Croft, James, 9.
Crofte, 224.
Croftes, James, 25.
Crofton, 224.
Croghan, Croghon, 192, 243.
Crome, castle of, 410.
Crompsters, the, 403, 408, 415, 438.
, certain ships so called, 375.
Crosby, Patrick, 56, 462.
, , his brother recommended to'bt-
Bishop of Kerry, 447.
Cross Tipperary, 481.
, , freeholders of 48O,
Crosse, the, 71, 223, 224, 254, 352.
, , abbey of, 513.
, , lands, 513.
, co. of, 487.
Crossehaven, 66.
Crowe, 235.
, William, 332.
GENERAL INDEX.
543
Crowle, alias O'Crole Tege, 64.
Crowmerton, 196.
Crown, the, 147, 336.
, , means of increasing its revenue,
28.
, reservations to the, 112.
, , the founder and patron of livings
and jurisdictions, which belong insepar-
ably to it, 168.
, .disposal of spiritual and tem-
poral lands belonging to, 202.
, , the county of Desmond ought
to fall to, in the absence of issue of Earl
of Clancare.
, , plowlands escheated to, by sundry
attainders, 352.
, , and its subjects, their reciprocal
duties, 508, 511.
Crown lands, 220.
Crowoy, 514.
Cruce, Chr., 188.
Crnmlin, 226.
Crumme, 305.
Crumpe, Richard, 195.
Crypps, master of the White Hart, 27.
Cuddy, definition of this exaction, 72.
Cuffe, Cuff, 61, 211, 365, 387, 391.
, Mr. Hugh, 230.
Cuilnepissy, 351.
Culinagh, 431.
Cullen, Piers, a seminary priest, apprehended,
236.
Cullendragh, 195.
Cullin- Agony, 304.
Cullmollen, 195.
Cullynagh, barony of, 191.
Culnegire, 270.
Culverin a, 2, 17.
Cundons' country, 368.
Cunie, Cuny, Captain, 110, 128.
, Colonel, sergeant-major, 280.
Curghtone, 194.
Curkin, Lough, 405.
Curlewes, the, 222.
Curragh, 188.
Curren, Curran, 74, 287.
, house and lands of, 74.
Cnsack, Mr. 235.
Cusake, George, 194.
, James, 194.
, John, 194, 195.
, Nicholas, 193.
, Patrick, 195.
Richard, 193.
.Robert, 193.
Cusingstone, 194.
D:
Dainstone, 194.
Bakings, servant to Lord Borrough, 258.
Dallawaye, Auncyent, letter of, 10.
Dallio, Donnio, hanged, drawn, and quartered
for treason, 231.
Dalton, Edmund, 193.
, Henry, 193.
, Richard, 193.
, Alyson, her petition to the Queen, 396,
422.
Dalton's country, the barony of Rathcoured,
county of Westmeath, so called, 192.
Daly, Dalie, Cornell, 64.
, Cormock, 204.
, Duff, 300.
Damaston, in the English pale, 188.
Daniell, Mr., 241.
Danistone, 194.
Darcy, Darcie, Darcye, 194, 238.
, Edmund, 195.
, George, 193.
, John, 194.
, Thomas, 194.
Darcies, tbe, possessioners in the barony of
Ferbilljj, co. Westmeath, 192.
DardastoD, Dardistowne, 192, 193.
Dardisse, 195.
Darenlare, castle of, 384.
Darge, river of, 74.
Darrilayrie, 301.
Dartry, Dartrie, Lord of the, see Bryan
Me Hugh Oge, 13.
, captains of the, 28.
Davells, Harry, 189.
Davers, Sir Henry, 302. 307, 311,324,495.
519.
Davies, Gray, 422.
Dawtrey, Captain, 28S.
Dean-Rath, 189.
Dearing, Deringe, Captain, 231. 235, 236,244.
Deasyes, chief of the, sec Gerald FitzJames.
385.
Dece, 195.
Decies, 68.
De Degaeres, Savoy entered and Chambery
and Tt'ount Melion takeii by, 436.
Delaffeeld, Robert, 194.
Delahide, Delahoyde, l'J3.
, John, 193, 300, 300.
, Richard, 195.
Delahides, the, 298.
Delves, Dellves, Mr., 10, 14.
, Captain, 32, 33.
, Lord of, Baron of, (12, 7C, 77, 7, 8<>,
84,86, 192, 220, 2:>ii, -22K, 238, 24<i,
241, 245, 246, 247, 24tf, 254, 422.
, his house in DiiMIn, 84.
Delvin, barony of, county of Wvstmeath, 1 92.
Demi-cannons, 17, 21.
544
GENERAL INDEX,
Dempsy, Tyrence, 192.
, Mr., 243.
Demsyes, the, have spoiled Kildare and parts
of Dublin and Meath counties, 260.
Den, Mr., 190.
Denewear, 192.
Dengin, 195.
Dengle-couishe, articles made at, see Articles,
67.
Denham, Mr., 417.
Thos., letter to, 374.
Denmark, 199.
Denny, Denye, Sir Edward, 68, 426.
t vnlue and quantity of his lands as one
of the Undertakers in Kerry, 61.
Deputy, Lord, see Lord Deputy.
, and Council, see Lord Deputy
and Council.
Deputies, 215, 243, 358.
how paid, 292.
Derby, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Ireland, 283.
, Earl of; Sir Wm. Russell hunts at the
Earl of Derby's, at Nestow Lodge, 220.
Deremaclaghine, Richard Boork of, has con-
tinued loyal, 70.
Dermott, see O'Connor, 407, 408, 418.
Derpatrick, 195.
Derrye, the, 197, 200, 406, 435.
Derver, Babe of, 196.
Desert, men of, not to be forgotten, 203.
Desmond, Desmonde, county of, country of,
see Articles, 68, 203,300,387,407,427,
437, 438.
, under the rule of the Earl of Clancare,
215.
,the Carties of, 385.
t list of the forces of the rebels in, 517.
..., the titulary Earl of, see James
McThomas, 47 1,483.
y title usurped by James FitzMorrice,
499.
> Gerald Fitz-Gerald, Geralt, Gerrott,
Earl of, 61, 65, 70,71, 104, 107, 152,
265, 304, 341, 342, 363, 365, 367, 373,
400, 408, 413, 418, 420, 421, 426, 427,
434, 439, 442, 443, 444, 446, 448, 450,
451, 452, 453, 454, 457, 462, 463, 468,
470, 473, 474, 475, 482, 486, 488, 490,
497, 516.
, the late traitor and his com-
plices, 63.
, , his rebellion being suppressed,
submits to a composition, 63.
, , the late traitor, 67.
. } lately attainted, 65.
, attainder of, 68.
t , his power to charge plowlands
with coyne, livery, bonybegg, kear-
netie, and such Irish customs, 65.
, exactions of, 71.
, , his rebellion, 152.
Desmond, cant.
, instructions for the Commis-
sioners to make grants to the Queen's
subjects of lands in Munster forfeited
by the rebellion of, and others, 102.
, , indenture between, and the
Barretts, 104.
, notes out of his evidences, 104.
, commission to Sir Henry Wallop, Sir
Valentine Broune, and others, to in-
quire what lands were escheated by
rebellion of, 104.
, the arch-traitor, the usurping, 453.
, the usurper of the name of, 470.
, letters of, 363, 496.
, Countess of, 206, 391, 491,492.
, , her daughters Joan and Ellen,492.
, , her sister, married to the son of
the Archbishop of Cashel, 492.
his two sisters, 498.
, , Dennot O'Connor, his brother-
in-law, 490.
, James, Earl of, tern pore Henry VI. ,104.
, James, Earl of, 517.
, James of, arch- traitor, 374.
, Sir James of, 517.
, James FitzThomas, supposed Earl of,
299.
, James FitzThomas, no pardon to be
granted to, 502.
, the pretended Earl of. See James
FitzThomas.
, John of, 453.
,John FitzThomas, no pardon to be
granted to, 502.
, Maurice, Earl of, tempore Edward IV. ,
104.
, Maurice FitzThomas Fitz Gerald, Earl
of, tempore Edward III., 104.
, Thomas |Fitz James, Earl of, tempore
Henry VI., 104.
, , his wife, Ellis Barry, 104.
, the young Earl of, 477, 479, 485,487,
491.
, , the Queen's allowance to, 498.
Desmonds, Desmondes, the, wars of, 353, 354.
Desses, the, 306.
Devereux, Robert, Earl Marshal of England,
commission to, see Earl of Essex, 290.
Devil's Hook, the, 270.
Devon, county, Sir George Careye, of Cock-
ington, in, 290.
Devonshire, Lord Thomas Howard in, 437.
Devorexe of Waterford, 251.
Devoureux of Balmagir, 1 90.
Devreux, Sir James, 308.
Devrox, William, 331.
Diary of Sir Wm. Russell, see note, 1 12.
Dice and cards, unlawful playing of, to be
preached against, 374.
Dillon, Anthony, 83.
, Bartholomew, 188.
, Henry (Harry), 189, 195.
GENERAL INDEX.
545
Dillon, James, 1S8, 193, 194.
, Sir John, 194.
Sir Lucas, Chief Baron, 8, 25, 75, 79,
80,81,189, 193.
, , his house in St. Nicholas Street,
Dublin, 82.
t , sends his servant Shea for some
white -wine to welcome John Garlond,
82, 83.
, , his complicity with O'Rwaricke
in his late rebellion, 84.
,Nath, 71.
.Richard, 193.
, Sir Robert, Chief Justice of the Com-
mon Pleas, 7, 8, 70, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81,
83, 86, 95, 118, 119, 175, 177, 185, 187,
189, 193, 240, 246, 248, 253.
, , his imprisonment, 60, 61.
. . , Elizabeth, Queen, desires
to know the cause of, 60.
. , a journal of the Commissioners'
proceedings in the cause preferred by
Mr. Nugent against, 62.
t , accusations against, 75.
, "undone and discredited with
the Queen and the Council" by Sir
John Perrot, 82.
. .his complicity with O'Rwaircke
in his late rebellion, 84.
.favours shown to, by the Lord
Deputy FitzWilliams, 85.
. his son-in-law maliciously ar-
rests John Garlond, 85.
, Roger, 195.
Sir Theobald, 441.
.Thomas, 189.
, Tybot, Captain Sir, 193, 235, 238,
239, 240, 318, 319.
t , , instructions for, 317.
Dillons, the, 193.
Dillon's country, the barony of Kilkenny the
West, called Maghry-Cork or, 193.
Dingle, a ship so called, 438.
Dirrimollin, 192.
Dispensations to persons who have married
within the prohibited degrees of con-
sanguinity, Brief of Pope Sixtus V. to
the Bishop of Cork regarding the grant-
ing of, 9.
Dixon, one of those sent from Spain to redeem
Spanish prisoners, 254.
Dockwray, Docwra, Dockwra, Dockwrey, Sir
Henry, 311, 336, 361, 374, 3U5, 431,
435,448, 495,519.
. chief colonel, 455.
Doe, Sir Murragh ne, 28.
Dollardston, 194.
Donakernie, 193.
Donbreackaan, 514.
Donbro, in the English Pale, 188.
Dondalk, Dondalck, see Dundalk, 469.
Dondonell, 192.
Dondromme, Dondeom, Dondram, 196, 216,
271.
Donegall, Donnigall, Donagall, Donogajl, 89,
153,299,375.
Donells, Munter, 298.
, Clan, 298.
Doneloghe's country, betwixt the river of
.Finne and Lough Swillie, 299.
Donelonge 435.
Donewer, 192.
Donmoghan, 196.
Donmove, 194.
Donoghe Oge, 64, 69.
Donoghowe, Thomas, 480.
Donolos, the (O'Donologhe), see note, 282.
Donowre, 195.
Donshaghlm, 193.
Doustable, 220.
Doramestowne, 194.
Dore, Dermond, 228.
Dormer, George, 189.
Don-own, 192.
Dortrye, 223.
Douay, college of, Tyrone solicits a pension
for, from the King of Spain, for students,
350.
Doughill, widow, her son a ward of the Queen,
225.
Dowa, 504.
Dowalla, Dowallie, Dowally.the Carties of, 385.
, the country of, 427.
, the ClanCarties of, 444.
, barony of, called Puble I Chalchane,
see Articles, 69.
its three divisions, 69.
Dowalloghe, Donoughe McCormucke, Lord of
299.
Dow-arra, called the country of McBrien Arra,
130.
Dowarra, barony of, 513.
Dowdall, 196.
, James, 195.
, Sir John, 92, 128, 183, 232, 250, 409,
479.
, , letter of, 353.
Dowde, death of, slain by Crofton, 224.
Downada, co. Kildare, 191.
Downaghmore, 511.
Downdanier, 351.
Downdererige, castle of, 512.
Downe, Bishop of, 242, 244, 246.
Dow O'Loyagh, called McWalter's country,
130.
Dowstowne, 193.
Dowthe, 194.
Dracott, Draycott, John, 193.
.Nicholas, 193.
Drake, 194.
, Sir Francis, report of his taking Cales
(Cadiz), 238.
, , news of his death, 245.
Drakerath, 194.
Drakestone, 194.
M At
546
GENERAL INDEX.
Dreshane, 515.
Driscoll, Donogh, 64.
Drissane, Drissan, 203.
, castle of, 512.
McCartie of the, 512.
Drogheda, Dredathe, Dredaghe, 48, 88, 92,
107, 128, 196, 253, 321, 322, 325, 393.
Dromcasshell, 196.
Dromconrath, 188.
Dromconroghe, 323, 324.
Dromdona, 222.
Dromfynyn, 487.
Dromgole, 196.
Dromgolstowne, 196.
Dromkitt, 227.
Dromkry, 192.
Drommany, 477.
Bromnagh, 188.
Drumrele, the Cowarba of, 85.
Drumsavrie, 195.
Drunkenness, the punishment for, see Army
Orders, 505.
Drnry, Sir Win., killed in a dnel with Sir
John Burroughs (note), 17.
, , commission returned and sub-
scribed by, when Lord Justice, 189.
, Lady, letter of condolence from Sir
George Carew to, 1 7.
Dryneham, 188.
Dryry, the, 288.
Dually, country of, 286.
Dublin, 3, 8, 12, 13, 14, 19, 22, 27, 28, 31, 36,
48, 53, 57, 62, 63, 76, 79, 80, 82, 85,
86, 92, 97, 100, 105, 106, 129, 132, 137,
152, 153, 155, 177, 178, 182, 189, 195,
198, 206, 219, 221, 225, 227, 228, 229,
230, 231, 232, 234, 236, 237, 238, 239,
240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 248, 249, 250,
251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258,
259, 260, 262, 272, 273, 285, 312, 315,
316, 321, 322, 330, 335, 337, 347, 348,
355, 359, 373, 380, 386, 403, 408, 416,
419, 430, 433, 435, 440, 466, 470, 485,
520.
, workmen who make " clyffes " to be
sent from, to instruct others at Water-
ford and Cork, 24.
, those even living within sight of the
smoke of, are not subject to the laws, 44.
, Sir Lucas Dillon's house in St. Nicholas
Street in, 82.
, the submission of Hugh, Earl of
Tyrone, delivered to Lord Deputy
Russell and the Council at, 95.
, inhabitants of Minister are enforced to
travel to, for justice, 206.
, letters dated at, 1, 3, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14,
15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 27, 30, 31,
35, 36. 37, 41, 42, 43, 44, 46, 56, 146,
149, 150, 154, 187, 314, 371, 376, 377,
378, 384, 385, 383, 397, 422, 423, 424,
440, 441, 442, 495, 500.
, warrants dated at, 6, 43, 60, 135, 166.
, order dated at, 95.
, proclamations dated at, 120, 176, 370,
Council at, 206, 251, 253, 255, 256,
334. See Council.
, Governor and Council at, 278.
, the diver of, 8, 9.
, Archbishop of, 21, 189, 370, 371.
, , Dunnaught McCragh usurps the
name of, 515.
, merchants of, the pledges of the Earl
of Tyrone to remain with, 38.
, bar of, lesser ships may safely pass it,
105, 223.
, haven of, 105.
, river of, safe riding at the mouth of,
120.
, courts and justices at, 207.
mayor of, 33, 223, 225, 237, 253, 260.
, , and citizens of, show to Lord
Deputy Russell their disability to lend
money to the state, 240.
Mint, proposal to erect a mint at, 508.
sheriff, his certificate, see Natha Smith tv
126.
, sheriffs of, 225, 260.
, castle of, 14, 25, 30, 31, 33, 35, 36,
37,48, 50, 70, 77, 79, 94, 153, 218,
221, 223, 225, 227, 228, 229, 231, 234,
253, 259, 267, 278.
, , the head of Derby (Dermon)
Cavenagh exposed on the top of the,
51.
, , the storehouses of munition at,
in a state of decay, 52.
, , , the same may be repaired.
52.
, , a seminary priest committed to,
248.
, .letters dated at, 17, 20,21,51,
120, 138, 144, 185, 376, 385, 404, 405,
442.
, , warrants dated at, 9, 39, 48, 49,
50.
, orders made at, 174.
, county of, 127, 187, 188, 189, 196,
260, 298.
sheriff of, 3, 95, 225.
, , warrants to, 135, 165.
Duffe, Brian, 112.
, Hugh, 226, 229, 230, 257.
, Morris, 253.
, Patrick, 256.
Dufferie, the Whites' country so called, 299.
Dufiree, an Irish barony south-west of the
Slane, 190.
Dnffreyne, 93.
Duffry, the chief fastness of Donnell Spaniagle,
308, 309.
Duke, Ducke, Sir Henry, 92, 95, 99, 110, 128,
134, 139, 156, 221, 232, 235, 236, 241.
Duleeke, Dowleeke, 193, 194.
, the corporation of, 194.
GENERAL INDEX.
547
Dunalonge, upon the river of Finnic, 107.
Dunamore, Dunnemore, 193; letter dated at, 8.
Dunavall, 287.
Dunboyne, Doneboyne, 4, 193.
, Butler, Baron of, Lord of, 71, 189,
255, 385, 429, 514.
, barony of, county of Meath, 193.
Duncannon, Doncannon, fort of, 130, 353.
Duncomyne, 480.
Dundalk, Dondalk, Dondalck, &c., 55, 56, 87,
90, 100, 106,107,110, 118, 125,128,
132, 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 173.
196, 216, 231, 232, 234, 236, 241, 244,
255, 256, 257, 258, 262, 272, 274, 283,
298, 313, 338, 341, 360, 469.
, articles made at, 73.
, Commissioners at, 94, 150, 160, 174.
, the army reviewed at, 113.
, traitors proclaimed at, 232.
, the bailifls of, 232.
, pay of Governor of, 290.
, letters dated at, 57, 135, 136, 137, 138,
139, 147, 159.
, order dated at, 140.
, commission dated at, 161.
Dundroise, 200.
Dunelong, 406.
Dunfert, 191.
Dungannon, Dunganan, Dongannon, &c., 58,
127, 287, 337, 348.
, gaol at, Earl of Tyrone consents to
make a, 35, 97.
, , contributions for building and
maintaining of, to be made by Tyrone
and the country, 39.
, Earl of Tyrone's house at, 110.
, Earl of Tyrone burns his own town
of, 1 14.
, Baron of, see Earl of Tyrone and
O'Neale, 523.
, barony of, granted to Matthew, father
of Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 124.
to be restored to the Earl if he consent
to articles of submission, 124.
, constable of, see Henry Hagan, 323.
, letters dated at, 349, 350.
Dungarvan, 306, 307.
, port and castle of, 308.
, parsonage of, 396.
Dunkellin, Donkellin, Dunkellyn, Dunkellie,
Dunkilline, Lord of, Baron of, 8, 223,
239, 251, 317, 360, 361, 495, 519.
to be consulted and assisted for settling
the country, 318.
Dunkirk, 409, 436.
Dunlnce, 10, 11, 12.
Dunluse, one of the common landing places of
the Scottish foreign aids, 128.
Dunnocks, 191.
Dunsaghly, 188.
Dunsany, Donsanie, Lord, Baron, 236, 360.
, the country of, 322.
Dunserke, one of the common landing places
of the Scottish foreign aids, 128.
Dunsinke, 188.
Durffey, the, 190.
Durrough, (Sir Edward Herbert's) 242.
Buttons, the two, 225.
Dyle, the rirer, 304, 305.
Dyrrey, the, burned, 2.
Dyrrinlare, 429 ;
Dysart, in the Queen's County, otherwise
Leix, 191.
E.
Eanywry, 511.
East Lough Eagh, 203.
Clan william, baronv ef, 514.
Ecclesiastical revenues unduly received] by
persons formerly heretics ; Brief from
Pope Sixtus V. to the Bishop of Cork
regarding, 9.
commission, 90.
Edendoghe, 271.
Edendowcarrick, 201.
Edinderie, 191.
Ed ward III., 104.
IV., 104.
VL, 104.
prince, grant of all Ireland by Henry
III. to his son, 104. ,
Effingham, Lord Howard of, Lord Admiral,
11.
Eflyn, 399.
Egerton, 237.
Sir Thomas, Lord Keeper of the Great
Seal of England, 182, 205, 311, 355,
365, 370, 393, 407, 410, 459, 470, 479.
501.
, letter of, 392.
, Mr., 224, 258.
, Charles, 281,296.
, Colonel, 283.
Elfin, Bishop of, 8.
Eliaghe, barony of, 514.
Eliogertie, 480.
, barony of, 513.
M M 2
548
GENERAL INDEX.
Elizabeth, Queen, 25, 26, 27, 28, 40, 41, 58,
50, 61, 76, 78, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87, 107,
111, 121, 126, 132, 133, 135, 136, 142,
144. 145, 146, 148, 150, 151, 152, 154,
157, 158. 159, 16J, 162, 163, 165, 167,
168, 169, 170, 173, 174, 179, 181, 182,
183, 184, 135, 186, 191, 197, 198, 199,
200, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210,
211,212, 217,218, 220,222,223,224,
230, 234, 241, 242, 247, 258, 259, 260,
263, 264, 265, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272,
274, 275, 276, 279, 281, 282, 283, 287,
290, 295, 296, 298. 299, 300, 305, 308,
312,313,314, 318,319, 320,324,327,
328, 329, S30, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335,
336, 337, 348, 354, 355, 362, 366, 367,
368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375,
376, 378, 381, 383, 384, 387, 392, 393,
394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 403,
404, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411,412,
413, 414, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421,
424, 425, 427, 428, 429, 434, 435, 436,
437, 438, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448,
450, 451, 452, 453, 455, 456, 459, 461,
462, 463, 464, 466, 467, 468, 470, 471,
472, 474, 475, 477, 478, 480, 482, 483,
484, 4S5, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491,
493, 495, 496, 497, 500, 501, 504,505,
506, 514, 518, 521, 522.
, , Sir George Carew undertakes
to provide habiliments of war, provided
he may borrow money of, 2.
, , her "presence more than princely
adorned with incomparable virtues, . . .
esteemed the beauty of our age."
Letter of Carew, 19.
, , Carew has long conference with,
touching Ireland and Lord Deputy Fitz-
William's government, 58.
, , at Oatlands, 60.
, , amount due from the Under-
takers in Munster to, 62.
, , her instructions to Sir \Vm.
Russell, 90.
.certificate of the profits of
escheated lands to be made to, 102.
, report of her intention of extir-
pating the Irish, her policy in Ireland,
121.
, , certificate of horsemen, &c. in
her pay in Ireland, 127.
, , her answers to the petitions of
Hugh O'Donnell, 168.
.liberty of conscience not tole-
rated by, 168.
, , , never means to grant,
169.
, , her desire to govern justly, 169.
, , highly offended with Tyrone's
petition for liberty of conscience, 1 72
, considers it unjust to condemn
a Governor unheard or without proof,
176.
, , her sense of justice, 177.
, , her private instructions for one
to be sent into Ireland, 204.
Elizabeth, Queen, her instructions to Lord
Thomas Burghe, K.G., when appointed
Deputy in Ireland, 213.
......... , ...... , no part of Ulster free from
hostility to, 216.
......... , ...... , ordinances by, for reforming
disorders in the musters, &c., 266.
......... , ...... , her high opinion of the Earl of
Ormond, 277, 278.
......... , ...... , her instructions to the Earl of
Essex, 292.
......... , ...... , her just discrimination regard-
ing rebellious conduct, 295.
......... , ...... , disapproves of the conduct of
the Earl of Essex in Ireland, 315.
......... , ...... , her antipathy to liberty of
religion. Letter of Sir W. Warren,
349.
................ , the league between the King of
Scotland and, to be respected, 375.
......... , ...... , her picture found in a house
behind the door, and the King of Spain's
at the upper end of the table, 432.
......... , ...... , her wars, 441.
......... , ...... , her difficulties in Ireland of a
religious source and character, 454.
......... , ....... somewhat tolerant towards the
Irish Catholics from expediency, 458.
......... , ...... , determines to send Commis-
sioners to Borbourg and St. Omer, 485.
......... , ...... , desires to gratify Lady Norris,
497.
......... , ...... , the question of the coinage dis-
cussed for the advantage of, 506, 507.
......... , ...... , her kindness to Donel McCar-
tiemore during bis stay in England ;
creates him Earl of Clancare, 516.
......... , ...... , letters of, 41, 99, 101, 109, 119,
123, 131, 166, 176, 219, 268, 277, 283,
284, 286, 290, 300, 315, 316, 325, 339,
343, 345, 371, 442, 460, 481, 499.
................ , letter to, 18.
Ellen, the Lady, see Desmond, 492.
Elliot, Eliot, Elyot, Baron Jo., 157, 181, 195,
246.
Ellis (river), 222.
Ellis, Flin, 287.
Elliskellin, Eliskellin (Enniskillen), 221, 222.
......... castle, 221, 222.
Elm planks, want of, in Ireland, 20.
Elye (Eley), country of, 119.
Elys, Lady, 498.
Eney, the, a bridge to be built over, 505.
Enfield, 220.
England, 2, 11, 15, 16, 17
76, 80, 81, 82, 83,
105, 106, 111, 118,
152, 157, 159, 163,
183, 197, 198, 199,
222, 223, 224, 225,
231, 232, 233, 234,
239, 240, 241, 242,
247, 248, 249, 250,
258, 259, 265, 267,
, 18, 24, 26, 30, 43,
85, 86, 88, 97, 100,
124, 127, 129, 132,
164, 165, 173, 180,
206, 211, 214, 215,
226, 227, 228, 230,
235, 236, 237, 238,
243, 244, 245, 246,
251, 253, 254, 255,
269, 285, 328, 329,
GENERAL INDEX.
549
England cont.
330, 338, 341, 358, 366, 369, 376, 377,
379, 368, 389, 394, 397, 404, 405, 406,
416, 434, 435, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444,
455, 462, 466, 479, 495, 497, 507, 515,
518, 521, 522.
, Crown of, the Burkes and others will
not fight for the, during any Spanish
invasion, 18.
, , Ireland of small profit to the,
44.
, munition for Ireland from, 19, 27.
, the reasons of Sir John Perrot to
move the Privy Council to cut away
the captainries and tanistships used
among the mere Irishry, to the end that
the seignories of the Irish Lords should
descend from father to son according to
the common laws of, 27.
, some of the laws of, adopted in Ire-
land, 28.
, Lord High Treasurer of, 43.
, Sir George Carew licensed to repair
to, 47.
, Sir George Carew's visit to, 54.
, special men landing in, to complain
of Lord Deputy Fitz William, 56.
, kite Chancellor of, see Hatton, 61.
, no one to be an Undertaker in Munster
unless he has sufficient in, or Ireland
on which a distress for rent may be
levied or procures sufficient bonds, 103.
, most of the inhabitants Catholic on
the coast of Wales and, 106.
, Tyrone to deliver his eldest lawful son
as a pledge to be brought up in a school
in, 124.
, submission of rebels sent to, 148.
, fear of foreign invasion in, 171.
, victuals to be supplied from, 198.
, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of,
see Egerton, 205.
, system of the administration of the
war in the North in, 20C.
, Treasurer of, 291.
, Earl Marshal of, sec Essex, 292.
, war between Spain and, 319.
, Commissioners in, 328, 329.
, return of Earl of Essex to, 335.
, provisions and necessaries for an
hospital for soldiers to be sent out of,
375.
, Secretary of, 379.
, the escape of soldiers into, 428, 469.
, provisions to be obtained from, on
account of the scarcity in Munster in
consequence of the rebellion, 469.
, , letters of, 9, 181.
, licence to Lady Carew to take six
horses or hackneys of Irish breed with
her into, 520.
, Council in, Lords in, Lords of the
Council of, see Council or Privy Council,
39,45. See note, 197, 198, 209,221,
230, 258, 267, 395, 479, 495.
England, William Oge, 65.
English, the, 205, 206, 209, 232, 235, 273,
293, 297, 328, 350, 408, 443.
, , escheated lands to pass to Under-
takers for the habitation of, 102.
, , holding grants of spiritual lands
called Termond lands, to surrender their
patents, 170.
, .hatred of the Irish rebels to,
179.
, , colony of, for tillage, 200.
, ....... all ready to forsake Munster on
account of its bad government, 20o,
209.
, , all the murders and spoils are
done upon, 208.
, , the rebels desirous of uprooting,
in order to reduce Ireland to the old
Irish laws and the tyrannical custom
of tanistry, 273.
, , Wexford co. amongst the first
parts planted fwith, 333.
, , complaints of their continual
oppression by the Earls of Tyrone and
Desmond, 362.
race unfavourable to the Spanish
invasion, 18.
soldiers in Ireland, mutiny of, 31.
apparel, Tyrone promises that his
people shall use, 35.
, Tyrone to cause all subjects living
under him to use, and to suffer none to
wear " glybbes," 39.
captains and officers acting under the
Earl of Tyrone under certain circum-
stances, 38.
companies, manner of paying, 43.
law, the baronies of McMahon to be
divided amongst several obeying the,
47.
gentlemen inhabiting Munster after the
conquest, 70.
manner, footmen trained after the, 102.
colonels, Tyrone and his adherents
should be extirpated like the Earl of
Desmond and his followers, that the land
may be divided amongst the, 107.
inhabitants in co. Wexford, 190.
baronies near the Slane, 130.
Scots of Urwm and Ay re, 200.
laws, 201.
governors, advantages of having, over
towns, 208.
Undertakers in Munster, several mur-
dered, 217.
government, desire on the part of the
rebels to shake off, 273.
army, 288.
habit and language, the Irish rebels to
be bound to use, 295.
and Irish, proclamations should be
made in, 334.
stockings for the use of the soldiers,
334.
4 2 *
550
GENERAL INDEX.
English Court, the Irish rebels great] y strength-
ened by a report of a faction in the,
353.
subjects planted in Munster, 360.
miles, 380.
government in Ireland, universal ill-
feeling of the Irish towards, 387.
army in Leinster, 443.
port, 496.
subjects, planting colonies' of, in
Munster ought to be beneficial to the
general condition of the inhabitants,
501, 502.
, the Queen maintains a sterling coin in
England only by the industry of the,
508.
deserters from the Holy Roman faith,
523.
Pale, see Pale, 37, 45, 56, 71, 78, 89,
94, 95, 111, 124, 127, 129, 163, 166,
196, 197, 198, 202, 218, 219, 264, 265,
273, 275, 298, 306.
, , Hugh Earl of Tyrone to defend
the borders of, during the Lord Deputy's
absence, 96.
, , malcontents of, 106.
, , defence of, indifferently con-
ducted by the lords of, 109.
, , orders to be observed against
the abuses and extortions of the soldiers
in, 174.
, greatly impoverished through the
extortions of the soldiers, 176.
, , "a perambulation of Leinster,
Aleath, and Louth, of which consist the
English Pale," 188.
, , multitudes of parishes in, des-
titute of incumbents and teachers, 213.
, , "a declaration of the present
state of," and of many of the causes
which have brought the same to misery
and extreme distress, 260.
, , state of, 272.
, , the general indifference and
laxity in, regarding the toleration and
spread of popery, 293.
, , corporate towns and baronies in
the, 328.
English, Kustace, 480.
Englishman, an, should be appointed second
justice in Munster, 211.
Englishmen, 182, 203.
appointed to certain judicial posts in
Ireland on account of the partiality of
native judges, 90, 91.
as Undertakers in Munster, 103.
, the policy and v conduct of, who were
strangers to the Court, disapproved of,
169, 170.
, their best means of affording mutual
protection against the Irish, 208.
, exchange of prisoners between
Spaniards and, 244.
sent from Spain to redeem Spanish
prisoners, 254.
Englishmen, the Undertakers in Munster have
neglected the habitation thereof with,
and have made grants to the Irish, 268
Eniscorthy, Eniscorty, Enyscorthy, Eniscorffie,
Eneskorfen, Enischortye, 223, 225, 230,
308, 309, 352.
Ennis, letter dated at, 12.
Knniskillen, see Elliskellen.
Entragues, Madam de, 436.
Erne (river), 222.
Ertaghe, Erto, Neale Brian or McBrian, see
O'Neale, 133, 134, 287.
Erwarde, James, 195.
Escheated lands in Munster, instructions to
the Commissioners to make grants of,
102.
Escheators, 214.
Escherowean, 194.
Esmond, 347.
, Captain, 310.
Essex, county, proportion of men levied in, for
Ireland, 283.
Essex, Robert Devereux, Earl of, Lord of, Earl
Marshal of England, 155, 158, 160, 170,
212, 221, 248, 258, 283, 296, 317, 318,
333, 339, 340, 34 1, 342, 343, 344, 345,
346, 348, 357, 358, 372, 373, 397, 419,
429, 436, 477.
, , his lands in co. Monaghan, 57.
, , his interest in Farney, 157.
, the demands of the rebels that he
should lose the benefit of his lands of
Fernye, 144.
, his agent Captain St Leger,
157.
, , expedition to Cadiz under, 178.
, , Lord Deputy Russell sends " a
cast of marlians to the young Lord
Essex," 234.
, , news of the capture of Cadiz
by, 247.
, , commission to, to be Lieutenant
and Governor-General of Ireland, with
full powers to suppress the rebellion by
any means, &c., 290.
, , instructions to, 292.
, , licence by the Queen for, to
return to her presence when he shall
find cause, 295.
, state of Ireland at the arrival
of, 298.
, , Irish forces in rebellion when
he arrived in Ireland, 300.
, , proceedings of, 301, 308.
, , instructions for Mr. Justice
Saxey by, 320.
, , journal of his proceedings in the
North, 321.
, , a relation of, written with his
own hand, being prisoner in England,
335.
, , his answers to the articles con-
cerning (yDonnell and the dividing of
the army into the several provinces,
336.
GENERAL INDEX.
551
Essex, cont.
, , a prisoner in the Lord Keeper's
house, a table drawn by him of such
things as he supposed he should be
taxed withal, 517.
.. , , hisapologyto the Privy Council,
518.
-. , the public opinion in England
against, 519.
.. , .letter of, 312.
, , letters to, 300, 315, 316, 325.
, Countess of, 234.
Estates of the United Provinces, 392.
Eustace, Ewstace, 191, 235.
, , at Mallocashe, 191.
, , at Cradockstowne, 191.
, , at Clangloswoodd, 191.
, John, 194,257.
Eustaces, the, 218, 298.
Evaghe, 351.
, number offerees in, 73.
Evagherie, Edmond Burke McThomas, 7.
Evans, Captain, 281.
Everard, Redmond, 480.
Evers, Walter, 193.
, Alexander, 194.
Evictions, abatements of rents upon, amount of,
62.
Exactions of the late Earl of Desmond, 71.
, a list of, with the definition of each,
71, 72.
Exchequer, the, 292.
.. , , Chief Baron of, see Napper, 102,
214.
, , Sheriff in, 209.
, , Chamber, 212.
, , Court of, 214.
, , Star Chamber, 226.
, , Chancellor of, see Molinex and
Cooke, 255, 396.
, , Under Treasurer of, 291.
, , Barons of, 397.
Excommunication of all not joining in the
struggle for the maintenance of the
Catholic religion, 362.
, few dare to serve against the rebels for
fear of, 385.
, ill effects upon the Irish of the dread
of, 388.
to all that did not rebel, Florence
McCarthy, Tyrone, and Cragh send to
the Pope for an, 515.
Expedition into the North, 118.
Extortions of the soldiers, orders to be ob-
served in the English Pale against, 174.
F.
Fagan, John, 19.
, Richard, merchant, 188.
Fagher, Feagher, the, 299.
, the, a camp at the, letters dated at,
465, 466.
Faghsaghere, 189.
Falmouth, 320.
Famine, fear of a, in Ireland, 415.
, the misery from, 454.
Faninge, 513.
Faries, Donell, 204.
Farinhamon, 190.
Farmanagh, Farrymannagh. See Fermanagh.
Farmoy. See Fermoy.
Farney,*ee Ferny.
Farrell, Fan-ill, Farrall, 254.
, Shaan McCasheene, 229.
, Thady, the Pursuivant, 251, 253.
Farrendighe, 65.
Farrenerren, 249, 256.
Farshen, Conchor, 514.
Farsitmore, 152.
Feagher, the, see Fagher, 299.
Felling-axes, 39.
Feltrym, 188.
Fenn, Mr., 240, 241* 242, 244, 245, 246, 248,
253, 254, 255, 257, 258, 260.
Fenton, Sir Geoffrey or Jeffrey, secretary,
sometimes called Secretary or Mr.
Secretary, 4, 8, 14, 19, 42, 52, 71, 75,
89, 95, 120, 132, 146, 149, 154, 166,
172, 175, 176, 177, 185, 187, 188, 193
196, 204, 222, 226, 228, 230, 232, 235,
236, 237, 238, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248,
254, 255, 258, 274, 275, 276, 278, 327,
340, 345, 346, 348, 370, 371, 378, 395,
404, 441.
, , one of the Commissioners, 44.
, , letter to, 131.
, , letter to, Secretary for Ireland,
343.
, , goes to England for more sup-
lies, 406.
Feogh, his wife Rise, 230.
Feofiments, deeds of, 66.
Ferbilly, barony of, 192.
Fermanagh, Farmanagh, Farrymanagh, Fer-
manoughe, Fermananghe, Fermanogh,
Fermannough, 88, 89, 92, 99, 153, 155,
156, 197, 203, 299.
, number of forces in, 73.
McGuier's country in open rebellion,
92.
, rebels of, afflict co. Cavan, 93.
.subdued, 98.
, chieftain of, nee McGuire, 111.
, McGwyer's country so called, 142.
376.
, country of, 475.
552
GENERAL INDEX.
Fermoy, Farmoy, Formoy, 306.
, otherwise called Lord Uoche's country,
see Articles, 66.
Lord of, 368.
Feme, the, 465.
Femes, 229, 308, 309.
Castle, castle of, 190, 309.
, Bishop of, 190, 221.
Ferny, Ferney, 28, 275, 322.
, McMahowne's country, 157.
, captain of, 92.
, the Earl of Essex' lands of, see Essex,
144, 157.
Abbey, 431.
Ferte, Fertaghe, ' Fertophe, Fertogh, Neile,
Neyle, Neille, McBryan, Brian, Breue,
Lord of Upper Clandeboye, 93, 98, 180,
299.
Fertullogh, barony of, 192.
Fewes, the. Sec Fues.
Feydorffe, 193.
Finglas, John, 188.
, Patrick, 188.
Finglasse, Mr., 254.
Finister.'Cape, 184.
Finne, river of. See Fyn.
Fisher, Fysher, Lieut., 257, 258.
Fitton. Sec Fyton.
"Fitz David, James Lacie, 65.
FitzDavy, John Lacye, 67.
FitzEdmond, FitzEdmonds, John, 67, 203,
211,363,364,446.
, a Geraldine, a bastard, 205, 212.
FitzEdmond, FitzEdmonds, FitzEdmunds,
Thomas, 68.
, Thomas Butler, 480.
James, his reputation for wisdom and
ability, 448.
, , letter to, 448.
, Morche, 514.
, Mr., 204.
FitzGarrott, FitzGarrett, FitzGerot, Fitz-
Gerrott, FitzGerratt.
, Sir Edward, 423.
, James, 194.
.William, 194.
Patrick, 188.
..., John, 68.
, Redmond, a Geraldine, 211.
FitzGerald, FitzGarrald, FitzGerrald, gee also
Desmond, 191.
, Edmond FitzThomas, commonly called
the Knight of the Valley, no pardon
to be granted to, 502.
, Sir Edward, 195.
Garret, 192.
, Gerald, 195.
, Garrold,226.
, James, 121, 192, 226, 227,228, 229,
407, 460, 461.
, James, son of the late Earl of Des-
mond, 442.
FitzGerald, John Oge, 68.
, Maurice, royal charter to, 10 Hen,
VIII., 104.
, Redmund Og, 191.
, Thomas Oge, 515.
.William, 192.
, , Knight of Kerry, 104.
FitzGibbon, David, 104.
, Gilbert, 104.
, John Oge, 104.
, John, the White Knight, 104.
Thomas, 104.
, Edmond, alias the White Knight, 299.
FitzIIarryes, FitzHarrys, 190.
, Ed., 378.
FitzJames, Edmoud, 506.
, Garrett, 396, 397.
, Ge., 68.
, Gerald, chief of the Deasyes, 385.
, Peirse, Sir Peirse, sheriff of Gather-
lough, 257, 258.
, Piers Butler, 480.
Fitz John, Edmond, letter to, 363.
, Edmond Butler, 4SO.
, James, 194.
, Thomas, 203.
, , letter to, 363.
, Thomas Butler, 480.
, William Burke, 299.
Fitz Johnes, Thomas, 194.
Fitz Jones, George, 194.
FitzMoris, FitzMorris, FitzMorice, FitzMorish,
FitzMorrys, FitzMorries, Lord, Baron
of Lixnawe, 67, 203, 300, 426, 451.
, , his chief house called LLxnawc,
425.
.Gerald, 68.
, Gerod,68.
, William Tirrell, 192.
, Thomas, 203.
, , son and heir of Baron of Lix-
nawe, 453, 483, 502.
, the pretended Baron of Lix-
nawe, 471, 473.
, , no pardon to be granted to, 499.
, James, 265.
FitzPatrick, Geoffrey, of Galway, 104.
, Teig, son of the Lord of Upper Os-
sery, 432.
FitzPiers, James O'Geraldine, sheriff of co.
Kiidare, 298.
, Sir James, 431.
FitzRedmond, John, 409.
FitzRichard, Thomas, 68,
, William Boorke, 270.
FitzSimone, Chr., 188.
FitzSimons, Father Henry, 349.
FitzStephen, Richard FitzThomas, 104.
F.tzThomas, Edmond, called the Knight of the
Valley, 473.
GENERAL INDEX.
553
FitzThomas, James, supposed, pretended, or
usurping Earl of Desmond, 299, 305,
364, 385, 387, 412, 413, 414, 426, 427,
428, 437, 438, 449, 459, 471, 472, 473,
487, 488, 489, 497, 515, 516.
, no pardon to be granted to,
499.
, John, brother to James, 472, 473.
, no pardon to be granted to,
499.
, Morish, 68.
FitzWilliam, FitzWilliams, FitzWylliams, Sir
William, Lord Deputy, 3, 7, 15, 26, 44,
45, 47, 48, 56, 73, 75, 91, 95, 100, 155,
156, 157, 169, 193, 221, 237, 271, 316,
522.
, , expects that the special men who
landed in England to complain of him
should meet with the punishment of
quartering, pillorying, hanging, losing
of their ears, 56.
, , his daughter Mary, 57.
, , his wife, 58, 157.
, , Queen Elizabeth expressed her
opinion to Sir Geo. Carew that she does
not dislike the government of, but
feared he was too forward in dealing
with matters of religion, 58.
, , evil reports regarding, not be-
lieved in England, 58.
, , his son, 59, 157.
, evil reports of, in England, 60.
, , articles indented between Ty-
rone and Sir Tirlagh O'Nele at Don-
dalke before, 73.
, , favours shown to Sir Eobert
Dillon by, 85.
, , Bagnell's influence over, to the
prejudice of the Earl of Tyrone, 87.
.. , , his malice towards the Earl of
Tyrone, 90.
, Sir Wm. Russell chosen Deputy
in place of, 90.
...., , his persecution of Earl of Ty-
rone, 96.
, in malicious confederacy with
Sir Henry Bag-nail against Earl of Ty-
rone, 151.
, , licence by, to Lady Carew, to
take with her into England horses or
hackneys of Irish breed, 520.
, , letters of, 1, 10, 12, 20, 21, 50,
51, 55, 56, 57, 59.
, .letters to, 8,9,11, 13, 14,16,
22,23, 24,30,41,42, 43, 54, 58, 59,
60.
, , , order by, 48.
, , warrants by, 6, 15, 16, 48, 49,
50, 60.
, John, 67.
, Redmond, 67.
, Nicholas, 188.
, Stephen, 189.
, Sir Thomas, 189.
, Brian, 224.
FitzWilliam, Mr., 244.
FitzWilliam, the ward, 189.
Flahirties, the, 300.
Flanders, 14, 117, 199, 436, 437.
and Handborough corslets, the supply
of, badly shaped and rotten, 25.
Planer de la Mcrr, the, one of the Queen's
ships, 178.
Flasks, 20.
Flatesbury, 191.
Fleming, Flemming, Fleminge, Fleminge,
Flemyng, Captain, 241, 251, 280.
, Chr., 157.
.Edward, 194.
, Garret, 194, 196, 249, 324.
, Richard, 194.
, Patrick, 194.
Pierse, 194.
, William, 194.
, Eobert, 194.
, James, 195.
, Thomas, 64, 204.
Flemings', fleet, 419.
Flemington, 194.
Flemish armours sent to Waterford out of
fashion and unfit for present use, 52.
Fleshillstone, 194.
Fletcher, a, pay of, 52.
Florence, 410.
, Duke of, 410.
Flower, Flowre, Captain, 389, 407.
, Sergeant-Major, 411.
, Lieut, 251, 252.
Fobin, Captain, 423. See note, 423.
Follyott, Folliott, Folliett, Captain, 253.
, Sir Henry, 431, 465.
Forde, 195.
, Doctor, 3.
Fordestone, 195.
Foreign aid, the rebels expecting, 132.
, expected by Tyrone and O'Donnell,
148.
, to be renounced by Hugh O'Donnell,
161, 162.
, the Irish rebels always on the alert
for, 184.
, the hopes of the rebels respecting, frus-
trated, 502.
countries, disturbed state of, 51.
enemy invading Munster, provision
against, 307.
force, necessity of providing against,
16.
invasion, expectation of, 493.
parts. Earl of Tyrone suspected of
receiving aid from, 128.
prince or potentate, O'Donnell pro-
mises not to join with any, 125.
Tyrone promises not to join with
any against Elizabeth, 126.
Forlong, 190.
554
QENERAL INDEX.
Fort, an English barony near the Slane, 190.
Fortanolan, 190.
Fortescue, Forteskue, Foitiscue, John, Sir
John, 25, 170, 182, 355, 356, 365,
370, 393, 407, 410, 470, 480, 494,
496, 501.
, Chancellor, 446.
Foale, Captain, 237.
Four Courts, marshal of the, see Bull, John,
.258.
Fowere, Fowre, 192, 195.
barony of, 192.
Fowleing, Richard, 193.
Fowlkes, Foulkes, Mr., 242, 243.
John, 255.
Fox, 235, 358.
, Hubbart, 192.
, Pa, 118.
Frame, the, 195.
France, 51, 56, 117, 396, 435, 438, 468, 472.
, the Qneen's forces sent to, to assist
the French king, 50.
, commission to search in Wexford,
Hosse, and Waterford for prohibited
wares to pass from, 224.
, prospect of a war between Spain and,
419, 446.
at war with Spain, 485.
King of, 117, 438, 446, 485.
Franstone, 194.
Freeholders of Cross Tipperarj, 480.
Frefans, 195.
Freghanes, the, 480.
French King, the, 410, 468, 476.
, , at Lyons ready for the field
against the Doke of Savoy, 419.
, , in quest of the marquisate of
Saluce, 436.
demi-cannon carriages, 433.
ships forbidden to carry victuals to
Spain, 485.
barque employed to bring in muni-
tion for the rebels, 515.
Friar, Jo., 320.
Fring, Walter, 332.
Fnentes, Count, 446.
Foes, Fuse, Fewes, 28, 97, 163, 164, 275,
299.
, their country, 236.
, captain of the, Tirlagh McHenry, half
brother to Tyrone, 35, 39, 92, 522.
, number of forces in the, 73.
Fuller, Captain, 156.
, John, 89.
Furlong, Patrick, 189.
Fusius, 145.
Fyn, Fyne, Fynne, Fynnie, Finnc, rwr of,
34, 74, 107, 108, 299.
Fynallymore, 506.
Fyton, Fytton, Fitton, Alexander, 6 1 .
Sir Edward, 61, 67.
, , Treasurer, 189.
, Richard, 61.
, Mr., 88.
G.
Gabyons set up and filled to cover the gunners,
303.
Gage, 254.
Gainston, 194.
Galchouse, Dean of, called also Dean O'Gal-
chonle, 152.
, , his son, 153.
Galie, , 506.
Gallgath, the, 195.
Galliglasses, the, 298.
Gallogh, 270.
Galloglas, definition of this exaction, 72.
Galoway, see Galway, 482.
Galtrim, 195.
Galwaie, a merchant, 500.
Gal way, Gallwey, Gall waye, Galwey, Gallaway,
Gallawaie, &c., 7, 8, 12, 19, 24, 104,
166, 171, 177, 196, 198, 209, 216, 217,
238, 239, 254, 255, 270, 272, 300, 332,
361, 403,482,491.
, town of, 318.
, CO., 196, 271.
, court house of, 8.
, mayor of, 245, 246.
, and aldermen of, 8.
, commission to search for prohibited
commodities at, 224.
, letter dated at, 16.
Galwey, Galway, Galwaye, Geoffry, 69.
, , magistrate at Limerick, 493.
Gangahe, Edmond, 64.
Garboyles, 491.
Gardiner, Gardner, Gardener, Sir Robert,
Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench in
Ireland, 52, 62, 63, 66, 67, 71, 75, 84,
88, 89, 95, 97, 100, 102, 103, 118,
119, 120, 140, 160, 161, 167, 175, 177,
185, 187, 205, 206, 219, 222, 223, 240,
241, 244, 246, 247, 253, 282, 290, 296,
331, 370, 371, 378, 465. See Commis-
sioners.
, one of the commissioners for
making grants to Englishmen of the
escheated lands of the Earl of Desmond
and others in Munster, 102.
INDEX.
555
Gardiner, Sir Robert, commission to, 104.
, , instructions to, by the Lord De-
puty and Council, 132.
, , journal of proceedings of Sir
H. Wallop and, 132.
, , articles between, and Tyrone
and O'Donnell, 149.
, , sent to England, 242.
, letters of, see Commissioners.
.letters to, 135, 283, 284. See Com-
missioners.
Garestowne, otherwise Ballingarry, manor of,
448, 449.
Garland, Garlond, Garlonde, 15.
, George, 79,195.
John, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85,
86.
, , Sir Lucas Dillon sends for white
wine to welcome, 83.
, Patrick, 77, 79, 84, 86.
Garnells, a special sum to be sent from Eng-
land for fortifying, building, and making,
196.
Garrancpheccard, 480.
Garrant, 72.
Garret, Garrett, 223.
, Captain, 128, 184, 236, 241.
, Mr., 249.
, James, 451.
Garriard, 480.
Garvy, Mr., Dean of Christ Church, 189.
A, Henry, 194.
, Neale, 484.
.William, 194.
Gates, Sir Thomas, 303.
Gavelock, Hugh, 105.
Gayton, 220.
Geishell, 192.
Gellouse, 193.
Gelloustowne, 193.
General, the, 237.
, the Lord, 178, 181, 185.
, and chief commander in the Southern ;
and Western counties of England, 319. i
.receiver, 329.
Gerrald, Gerald, John FitzEdmond, 68, 70.
Geraldine,Geraldin, see Redmond FitzGerald,
211. See John FitzEdmnnd, 205. See
FitzPiers, 298.
, a bastard, see John FitzEdmund, 212.
, James, 523.
, John, 523.
Geraldines, Giraldines, the, 206, 236, 247, 260,
298.
, the bastard, 218.
t , the two brothers of the Earl of
Kildare so called, 273, 298.
Gernon or Jernon, 196.
, James, 332.
Gernonston, Gernonstone, 194, 196.
Gerrard, William, Chancellor of Ireland, 189.
Gerrardstowne, 193. _
Geye, Henry, 365.
Gibeonites, the Irish compared to the, 208.
Gibon, servant of the Earl of Essex, 314.
Gibston, 195.
Gifford, Richard, 195.
Gillagh, Nicholas, 195.
Gillicrie, definition of this exaction, 72.
Gillstone, 195.
Gillycpn, definition of this exaction, 72.
Gillye Abbey, controversy respecting, 395.
Gilsten, John, 195.
Glacknemancha, 222.
Glan, the, 413, 427.
, castle of the, 401, 402, 412, 427, 489.
, , belonging to the Knight of the
Valley, 411.
Glananmeyre, letter dated at, 363.
Glanarum, 107.
Glanbarraghan, 352.
Glancryme, 352.
Glankine, 104.
Glan-Lurkin, 252.
Glan-Malorrighe, 252.
Glanmoure, Glanmoyre, 306, 362.
Glascarrig, 190.
Glasepestell, 196.
Glasse, Shane, his country called Keillanalfort a.
130.
Gleveckloan, 195.
Glin, Knight of the, 407.
, castle of the, 407.
, , description of, 407.
Glomemore, 190.
Glothaithe, 221.
" Glybbes," Earl of Tyrone to cause all subjects
living under him to wear English ap-
parel, and to suffer none to wear, 39.
Glyn, Glicne, Glynne, the, 112, 250, 252,
256.
Glynnes, Glinnes, &c., the, 93, 112, 189, 196,
225, 226, 229, 249, 252, 256, 258, 259,
288.
, number offerees in, 73.
, one of the common landing places of
the Scots invading Ireland, 128.
Goghe, Patrick, alderman, 189.
Gold, Golde, Goold, Philip, 64.
.Piers, 64.
, James, 67,205.
, second justice in Minister, 211.
, justice, 403.
, one of the chief justices of Minister,
418.
Gollde (?), wardship of, 467.
Gold ing, Gowlding, Janico, 188.
, Walter, 194, 195.
Golmoorston, 191.
Goodman, William, 189.
Goodwine, Goodwyn, Captain, 128, 58.
556
GENERAL INDEX.
Gorge, Sir Arthur, 476.
Gormostone, Gormonston, Gormanstowne,
Gormaston, Lord of, 95, 193, 237, 244,
247.
Gortende, castle of, 432.
Gortny-Cloghy, 351.
Gosbie, Mr., 243, 245.
Goston, auditor, 359.
Goughe, Edward, a magistrate of Waterford,
493.
Gouldinge, 368.
bridge, 36".
Government, its first duty a religious one, 374.
of Ireland, notes for, 505.
Governor, 72, 73, 105, 108,210,212, 215,346,
348.
, Tyrone promises not to give or receive
aid from the Scots without licence of
the, 34.
, a note of the beeves, hawks, and horses
due to the, 1 13.
and Council, 278, 279.
Gowlyn, bridge of the, to be repaired, 505.
Gowry, Earl, 436.
Goyes, Sir Ferdinand, 320.
Grafton, Mr., 240.
Grandg, in Tipperary, 480.
Grange, 68, 188.
Grant, Graunt, Graunte, Walter, 64.
, Patrick, 68, 69.
Graves, Mr., 236, 237, 239, 253.
Graye, Graie, Grey, Lord, 17, 196, 256, 305,
436.
, Edward, 413.
Gray merchants, 355.
Greame, Greames, Captain. See Greemes.
Great Island, the, 409.
Great Seal, 457, 461.
, pardon granted under, to Archbishop
of Cashel, his sons and brother, 456.
, pardons general and particular to all in
the province of Munster to be passed
under, 499.
Great Water, 108.
Greemes, Greames, Greame, Captain R., 227,
251, 256, 257, 466, 469, 470, 471.
, Lieut, 229, 247.
Green, the, 235, 244.
, at Dublin, 228, 234.
Greene, messenger, 312.
Greene, Captain Richard, 463.
Green Castle, the, Greencastle, 216, 298.
Greenwich, Grenewitche, Grenewyche, 21, 81.
, letters dated at, 53, 220, 269, 284, 301,
316, 384, 393, 395, 396, 398, 399, 403,
407, 410, 417, 418.
, ordinances dated at, 268.
, Court at, letters dated at, 25, 39, 182,
390.
, , articles dated at, 39.
, manor of, instructions dated at, 92.
, , letter dated at, 178.
Grenan, 190.
Gressam, Sir Thomas, 25.
Grey, Earl of, 436, see Graye.
Greystowne, 480.
Griffen, Richard, 242.
Grivill, Fulke, 234.
Grome, John McDonnell, 287.
Groome, Owen, 400.
Groone, Shane McDonald, 98.
Groyne, the (Logrono in Spain) 340.
Gryffen, 247, 248.
Grymes, Captain, 486.
Gunners, 16.
Gunpowder, proclamation as to transport and
sale of, 120.
Gwest, Captain, 254.
Gwilliams, Mr., 258.
Gylbert, Sir John, 474.
Gynelaugh, Edmund, 287.
Gynnes, habiliments of war, 400.
H.
Hacckett, Patrick, 480.
Hacket, James, 480.
, Thomas, 188.
Rackets, the, 514.
Hacketts-town, 252.
Hadzor, 196.
Hagan, Henry, constable of Dungannon, 323 r
324.
Hagans, the Munster, 298.
Haggardstown, 256.
Halberts, halberds, 22.
" Halfface " money, 67.
Hall, a seminary priest imprisoned in Dublin
Castle, 229.
Hamborough armours sent to Waterford out
of^ fashion and unfit for present use, 52.
Hamling, Thomas, 194.
Hamon, Robert, 194.
Handborough and Flanders corslets, the supply
of, badly shaped and rotten, 25.
Hanmer or Hammon, Dr., see note, 222.
Hanmer, Dr., 235, 241, 254.
Harbarte, 1 1 arbor t, Charles, 61.
, Harbert, Herbert, Sir Edward, 92,
95, 156, 191, 192, 221, 241, 242.
, , his brother slain in the engage-
ment between the Earl of Tyrone and
Sir H. Bagnall, 1 10.
, Sir William, 61, 426.
Hardinge, 15.
GENERAL INDEX.
557
Hare, the, oue of the Queen's ships, 2.
Harecourte, Captain, 235.
Harlowe, Harloe, 438, 487, 494. ..
Harpoole, Harepoole, Robert, Mr., 33, 189,
191, 224, 252, 255, 256, 257, 271.
, constable of Catherlagh Castle, 191.
Harrington, Henry, 109, 327, 370, 371.
, Sir Henry, Sir Harry, 30, 33, 77, 181,
182. 191, 225, 226, 230, 231, 237, 238,
312.
, , Lieutenant-General, 226, 228.
, , his son Russell, 231.
Hartes, the, among the principal men in action
in Sligo, 271.
Harvey, Captain, 381.
, High Sheriff of Westmeath, 235.
Harvey, Harvy, Harvie, Sir Gerard (Jerrard),
319, 377, 405, 407.
, Gawin, Captain, 407, 430.
, George, nncle of Sir George Carew,
see note, 2, 59, 60, 193.
, , commission to, 125.
, , letter of, 125.
, , his grief, after 42 years' service,
at being suspected of negligence by
Lord Deputy Russell, 125.
, John, Archbishop of Armagh, Primate,
death and funeral of, see note, 228.
, George, Captain, 429.
.Roger, 428.
, Captain William, 332, 397, 465.
Hatton, county of Westmeath, 194.
, Sir Christopher, Lord Chancellor of
England, 9, 25, 194, 478.
, , value and quantity of his lands
as one of the Undertakers in Waterford,
61.
, , alleged to be favourable at Court
to the Earl of Tyrone, 88.
, Sir William, 396.
Hawckings, Sir John, 245.
Hawth, Howth, Head of, 246.
Heathe, Mr., the Register, 3.
Hebrews, the, 208.
Hegans, the, Brehones, 513.
Ileneage, Heneadge, &c., Sir Thomas, 3, 9, 25,
33.
, , Vice-Chamberlain, 2, 4, 5, 18.
, , letters of, 5, 24, 46.
, letters to, 2, 6, 15, 18, 20, 21,
25, 26, 35, 40, 44, 45, 46.
, , requests Sir George Carew to
provide him with some of the finest
and lightest Irish rugs to lay upon beds,
47.
, , complains of the careless sealing
of Sir George Carew's letters, 47.
Henry in., King, grant of all Ireland to his
son Prince Edward by, 104.
Henry VX, King, grant of lands by, to the
Earl of Desmond, 104.
Henry VII., King, grant of land by, to the
Desmonds, 104.
Henry VIII., King, grants of lands to the Earl
of Desmond, 104.
, , creation by, of the Earl of
Tyrone, 108, 124.
, , two brass pieces remaining in
the city of Cork since his time, 394.
Henshawe, Captain, 12, 157, 187.
, seneschal of county of Mona-
ghan, 87, 155.
Herbert, Sir Edward, see Harbarte.
, Francis, 191.
, J., 470, 480, 489, 498, 501.
, Secretary, one of her Majesty's Privy
Council, 457, 477, 498.
, , letter of, 497.
Herbertstowne, 193.
Hereford, proportion of men levied in the
county of, for Ireland, 283.
Hertfort, proportion of men levied in county
of, for service in Ireland, 283.
Hethrington, 191.
Hewes, Michael, 377.
Hewet, 16.
Heydon, Mr., 311.
Heyforde, T., 68.
Eide, Arthur, see Hyde, 410.
Hiffernane, John, 480.
, Mathew, 480.
High Commissioners, the, 58.
Higham, Captain, 128, 184, 224, 229, 239,
241, 246, 250.
Hildes Castle, ford at, 368.
Hill, James, 194.
/William, 189.
Hillbrye, 220.
Hoar, Hoare, Hore, Philip, one of the four
clerks of, Mr. Wallop, secretary of Sir
Henry Wallop, 133, 137, 138, 139, 142,
148, 249, 329, 331.
, , interpreter between the Queen's
forces and Hugh Earl of Tyrone, Hugh
O'Donnell, and other rebels, 144.
, sent to translate into English the
demands of Hugh Earl of Tyrone and
Hugh O'Donnell, 144.
, , answer of, 331.
Hodwell, James, 64.
Hogan, Owen, vicar apostolic, letter of, 362.
Hogans, the, 513.
Holberders, 222.
Holland, towns of, 435, 436.
Hollandstone, 194.
Hollis, John, 61.
Hollon, shirts of, 267.
Hollyheade, 221.
Holy Cross, the, 353, 368.
558
GENERAL INDEX.
Holy Land, a bull of indulgence granted by
Pope Clement VIII. to the Irish rebels,
such as was usually granted to those
setting out to -war against the Turks
for the, 523.
Holywood, Hollywood, Holly wode, 189.
, Christopher, 193.
Nicholas, 188.
Home, Patrike, 188.
Hood, .Robin, allusion to, 434.
Hope, Mr., 222.
, Mrs., 238, 242.
, widow, 258.
Hopper, receiver of the revenue, 8.
, one of the four clerks of Mr. Wallop,
329.
Hore, Philip, see Hoar.
Horewell, Thomas, 255.
Horsemen, bad pay of, 18.
, valuable services of, 19.
, wages of, 41.
, relieved by imprests, 53.
, pay of, under consideration, 53, 54,
55, 58.
Horton, 190.
Hovenden, Hovendon, Henry, foster-brother of
the Earl of Tyrone, 87.
, secretary of the Earl of Tyrone,
133, 136.
, , letter of,. 178.
Piers, 191.
Hovendons, the, 89.
Howard, Lord of Effingh am, Lord Admiral, 11.
, Henry, Lord, 437.
Thomas, Lord, the Admiral, 437 ; the
expedition to Cadiz under the Earl of.
Essex,and, 178.
Howson, Mr., 248.
Howth, Hewthe, Hoath, Hothe, &c., 79, 188.
, head of, 221,246.
, H., 86.
, the Baron of, 62.
, the Lord of, 76, 77, 79, 80, 84, 188,
221, 227, 228, 229, 475.
Hoy, 36.
Hoye, John, Mr., 187, 240, 241,247,253, 254,
258.
Huet, Charles, 23, 520.
Huggans, Mrs., 242.
Hughe, Captain Rice Ap, 128.
Hughes, one of the seven Englishmen sent from
Spain to redeem Spanish prisoners, 254
, Michael, 441.
Hughson, Mr., 254.
Hungary, wars in, 472, 473.
Hunsdon, G., George Carey, Lord ; Lord
Chamberlain, 248, 355, 365, 370, 407,
408, 410,459,470.
, letter of, 450.
Huntingdon, Earl of, death of, 241.
, proportion of men levied in the county
of, for Ireland, 283.
Huntley, Earl of, 272.
Huntstowne, 188.
Huson, Mr., 258.
Hussey, 195.
, Edward, 203.
, James, 195.
.Martin, 195.
, Robert, 195.
, Walter, 195.
Hyde, 268.
, Arthur, one of the Undertakers in the
county of Cork, 61, 268, 410, 417.
, Mr., 433.
Hye, Robert, servant to Sir John Perrot, 13,
18.
Ibaone, articles betwixt the Commissioners
and the freeholders of Ibaone at Cork,
for a yearly composition, 64.
Idleness, its bad effects on the army, 456.
Idough, 431.
Idrone, barony of, 53.
, , the ancient inheritance of Sir
George Carew, 191.
Ifeaghe, see Articles, 68.
Iflanloghe, 513.
Iflanluo, 511.
Ikerne barony, 513.
Imany, 269.
Imokillie, barony of, see Commissioners, 70.
Imposts, compositions for cesse and other im-
posts, 63.
Imprest bills, 49.
Imprests, 290.
Inchequin. barony of, 349.
Inchinibakye, 513.
Inchiolecan, 190.
Incorporated towns, the best means for their
defence, 52.
Incumbents and teachers, several parishes in
the English Pale without, see English
Pale, 293.
Indies, the Spanish expected from the, 50.
, ships laden with merchandise for, 178.
Indulgence, bull of, to the Irish rebels by Pope
Clement VIH., 523.
Iniscorth, 190.
Inishboghim, 189.
Inishmorrey, 200.
GENERAL INDEX.
559
Inishowen, Innishe Owen, 200.
, O'Dogherty, Chief Lord of, 200.
Iniskillen, Inniskillen, Iniskillyn, 107, 161.
, castle of, 92, 95, 99.
, ward at, 96.
, siege of, 93.'
Innaghowghter, 514.
Innis, 13.
Inns of the Court, 493.
Insequin, Lord, see O'Brien, 269.
Inssiequeene, Lord of, 242.
Ireconaght, country of, 7.
Ireconnoghe, 30.
Ireland, 1, 3, 14, 15, 17, 18, 24, 38, 45, 50,
51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 61, 62, 78, 80, 81,
82, 83, 84, 107, 108, 117, 119, 130,
184, 219, 246, 267, 268, 272, 273, 278,
281, 283, 284, 286, 288, 292, 315, 326,
328,333, 335, 342 (see note), 343, 347,
349, 358, 363, 366, 391, 394, 396, 400,
419, 427, 428, 435, 436, 443, 444, 459,
463, 466, 468, 475, 476, 490, 500, 501,
505, 507, 508, 511, 515, 518, 519.
Council of, 51, 59, 167, 210, 267, 296,
300. See Council.
, , letter to, 316.
, the English race in, unfavourable to
Spanish invasion, 18.
, the customs of, should not be broken,
23.
, the policy of inducing the Irish lords
in, to surrender their seigniories, and
of regranting the same to them advan-
tageous to the country, 28.
, mutiny of English soldiers in, 31.
} the old garrison in, praised, 36.
, Lord Chancellor of, see Loftus, 40.
, the oath of Privy Councillor of, to be
taken by Sir George Carew, 42.
, the system of reformation of, at fault,
44.
, of small profit to the Crown of Eng-
land, being unable to defray a fourth
part of its charges, 44.
, the patent roll of, 45.
, a brief estimate of the Queen's debts
to the garrison, and of her yearly
charges for entertainments, desired, 48.
, Treasurer of the Wars of, 49.
..., no public disturbance heard of in any
part of, except Ulster, A.D. 1594, 90.
, the religion established bylaw to be
respected by the authorities in, who
should restrain others, particularly from
adherence to the Pope, 90.
, instructions from the Queen to Sir
William Russell respecting, 90.
, Englishmen appointed by the Crown
to judicial places in, on account of
partiality of Irish judges, 90, 91.
, necessity for the government of, to
be very strict,' 99.
Ireland, " a summary collection of the state
of," delivered to Sir William Russell by
the Lord Deputy FitzVVilliam and
Council, 92.
, Grant of all, by Henry III., to his son
Prince Edward, 104.
Sir George Carew's knowledge of,
extending over 20 years, 105.
, a discourse on, by Sir George Carew,
105.
, North of, power and influence of the
Earl of Tyrone in, 105.
, Queen Elizabeth endowed Hugh Earl
of Tyrone with larger territories than
any other Earl in, 111.
, proclamation by the Lord Deputy and
Council regarding the transportation
and sale of gunpowder in, 1 20.
, proclamation by them also for re-
straining the carriage of corn, beef, and
other victuals out of, 120.
, report of Queen Elizabeth's intention
of extirpating the, 121.
...., Queen Elizabeth's policy respecting
the, 121.
, letter, afterwards intercepted, of Hugh
Earl of Tyrone and O'Donnell to the
King of Spain, soliciting his aid to re-
establish the Catholic religion in, 122.
to secure also the country for himself,
122.
, the efforts made to re-establish the
Catholic religion in, 122, 123.
, the faith would be re-established and
all heretics disappear if the King of
Spain would send soldiers to, 123.
, no other Sovereign would be recog-
nized in, than the King Catholic, 123.
, articles concerning the submission of
the Earl of Tyrone and the rebels in,
124.
, Spanish sympathies general in every
town and village of, 126.
, certificate of the horsemen, footmen,
and kearne in the Queen's pay in, 127.
, a note of all the footmen in, and of
their places of garrison, 128.
, a discourse of Sir George Carew on,
. 128.
, more shipping in Waterford than in
any part of, 130.
, Great Seal of, 132.
, Queen Elizabeth's sense of justice
towards, 177.
, the Lord Deputy and Council repre-
sent to Queen Elizabeth that the coun-
try should be settled by pacification,
180.
, high constable of, see Thomas Ver-
don, 196.
, Queen Elizabeth's instructions for one
to be sent into, 204.
, instructions by Queen Elizabeth to
Thomas Lord Burghe when appointed
Deputy of Ireland, 213.
560
GENERAL INDEX.
Ireland, state of, 21 G, 271.
, the great charge of the army in, 219.
, the Scots have kept their promise to
leave without doing hurt, 237.
, ordinances by Queen Elizabeth for
reforming disorders in the musters and
payment of her army in, 247.
tempestuous weather preventing the
Spaniards coming to, 253.
, all the rebellions in, have had their
beginnings in Ulster, 271.
, the rebels in, desirous of uprooting the
English and of reducing it to the old
Irish laws, and the tyrannical customs of
tanistry, 273.
, the difficulties and honour of reducing
it to obedience, see Robert Earl of Essex,
293.
, an account of the establishment of the
new army in, 288.
, Lieutenant and Governor-General of,
commission to Robert (Devereux) Earl
of Essex to be, 290.
, his almost absolute power, 21)0.
, Treasurer of Wars in, see Sir George
Carew, Sir Henry Wallop, and Sir
George Carey, 290, 291.
, the army and people of, to be " in-
structed and contained " in the true
exercise and service of God, 293.
, the laxity regarding the toleration
and spread of popery, 293.
, the state of, at the arrival of the Earl
of Essex, 293.
, Irish forces in rebellion when the Earl
of Essex arrived in, 300.
, Lord Lieutenants of, the Queen to
the, 301.
.its numerous calamities referred to
by the Queen, 326.
abuses in the payment of the army
in, 328.
, errors to be reformed in the govern-
ment of, 333.
, in order to deprive the rebels of
their supplies, a proclamation to be
made against transporting powder and
ammunition into, 334.
, ship to be forfeited with fine and
imprisonment, 334.
, instructions from the Queen to one
to be sent into, 341.
, secretary for, see Fenton, 343.
described by Tyrone to the King
of Spain as lamentably destitute of
men preeminent for learning and virtue
owing to continued war and the ex-
ertions of heresy, 349.
, characterised by Sir John Dowdall
as proud, beggarly, and treacherous,
without faith or humanity, where they
may overcome by tyranny, 353.
, very apt in corruption with bribes,
if not a Deputy or President, one that
is greatest with him, 353.
Ireland, the state of, Lord Deputy of, see
Mountjoy, 356.
, ports of, strict order respecting, 358,
359.
, ordinances to be observed during the
wars in (anno 1600), 365.
its rebellious feeling towards Queen
Elizabeth, 387.
, extracts of letters out of, 395.
, the main strength of the rebels in
(1600), 405.
, fear of a famine in, 415.
, wars of, 428.
, letters of the Earl of Tyrone inter-
cepted by Sir George Carew, President
of Munster, translated into English
and sent to England, 443, 444.
, plentiful state of provisions in, 446.
, desire of the Spaniards to possess, 450.
, its evils of a religious character, 454.
, its trade with Spain tends to keep
alive the religious grievances of the
Irish Catholics, 458, 459.
, complaints of the victuals supplied to
the soldiers in, 494.
, the army in, suffering from bad man-
agement with regard to the victuals for,
495, 496.
, past and present rebellions, character
of, 501, 502.
, orders for the army in, by Lord
Deputy Mouutjoy, 502.
, notes for the government of, 505.
, coinage of, discussed, 505, 507, 511.
, a project for, 508.
, inclined to peace and obedience to her
Majesty, 508.
, considerations fit to be had for re-
storing a rich coin again in Ireland
with a perpetual continuation of the
same, 508.
, coinage of, relative value of, 508.
, causes of the reduced state of, 510.
, the government of, under the Earl of
Essex, 517, 518, 519.
, the experienced Councillors of, 521.
, Councillors of, 522.
, bad state of, 523.
, memorial for, by Cecil, 523.
, bull of indulgence for rebels in, by
Pope Clement VIIL, 523.
Ireshton, 195.
Irish, the, 18, 141, 203, 209, 242, 284, 285,
356, 375, 421, 484, 493.
, , Lords, seigniories of, described,
27.
.., , Sir John Perrot's reasons why
the seigniories of, should descend from
father to son according to the law of
England, see Tanistships or Captainries,
27.
, , Queen's writs and processes not
current in certain seigniories of, 28.
GENERAL INDEX.
561
Irish, the, lords who surrendered their seig-
niories to the Deputy to have them re-
granted, 28.
, , pay, the Marshal and Master of
the Ordnance formerly relieved by
cesse when they had, 43.
, , border, when the Pale will be
enlarged McGwyer's country and Ty-
rone from henceforth are like to be, 45.
, , rugs, Sir Thomas Heneage re-
quests Sir George Carew to provide
him with some of the finest and lightest
to lay upon beds, 47.
, , customs, the Earl of Desmond's
power to charge plowlands with, 65.
, , captains, Queen Elizabeth in-
structs Sir William Russell, Deputy, to
make inquiries as> to the disposition of
the, 90.
, rebellions, usual causes of, 106.
, , the character of the government
of the Irish rebel chieftains not much
unlike that of the Ottoman race, 106.
, , the captainries of the, 124.
, the endurance of the Scots su-
perior to that of the, 128, 129.
, , character, the influence of money
over, 129.
, chieftains, 133.
, , language, translation of a letter
in, sent by the Clanshies into Munster
to stir up rebellion, 179.
, servitors and suitors, the Queen
and English Council "pestered" by, 180.
, their coming over to be re-
strained, 180.
, , the confederacy amongst, for an
equality of rights from the English
government, 185.
, , customs, 201.
, , very oppressive when entrusted
with government and authority, 207,
208.
, , tenants, the custom prevalent of
the landlords granting very short leases
to, 208.
, , the evil of such a system, 208.
, , Justice and the Vice-Presi-
dent have taken informations of high
treason, and for a whole year after con-
cealed the same, 210.
, , companies, order for making up
certain, into hundreds, 247, 389, 398.
, seminary of Salamanca, 251.
, a packet of letters from, brought
by one Father Archer, see same and
Bonman, 251.
, , lords, divers of the, met before
the Council, 253.
, , never omit the least occa-
sion to take revenge of the Pale, 263 ;
and to show themselves professed ene-
mies of the Crown. 263.
Irish, the, the Undertakers in Munster
have neglected the habitation thereof
with Englishmen and made grants to,
268.
, , laws and tyrannical customs of
tanistry, the rebellion a mere Irish war
to reduce the realm to, 273.
, , rebels, Queen Elizabeth instructs
the Earl of Essex to bind them to use
English habit and language, 295.
, , rebellions, the heart of, only to
be broken by garrisons, 307.
, , old soldiers of the Queen, 310.
, , lords of countries to have full
satisfaction, 318.
, , principal lords of, to be called
to Council, 319, 321.
, , rebellions, character of, 320.
, , and English languages, procla-
mation should be made in both, 334.
, , ague and flux, ravages of these
diseases amongst the Irish soldiers, 334.
, , brogues and frize stockings for
the use of the soldiers, 334.
, , mantle, advantages of its use by
the soldiers, 334.
, , Catholics, 349.
, , Tyrone's declaration respecting,
353.
, , tenure, 367.
, pirates very perfect seamen, 403.
, , grey hounds, Lord Deputy Mount-
joy requests Sir George Carew to furnish
him with, for a friend in England, 442.
, , nobility, the, 450.
, rebels, their deep attachment to
the Church of Rome, 454.
, , soldiers, stricter regulations re-
garding the mere Irish bands of soldiers,
456.
, , people, their attachment to the
Catholic religion, 457, 458.
, , merchants trading with Spain
" lade their goods in French bottoms,"
470.
, , character of, by Sir George
Carew, 47 1,472.
, dogs sent by Carew to Sir
Robert Cecil, 485.
, companies in Connaught, 491.
f , , measure, 513.
, , nation, the Pope's pretended
usurpation to the rule of a King of,
521.
Irishetowne, 192.
Irishman, no Irishman to serve in any company
except those of the Pale, because of the
general revolt, 366.
Irishry, the, 27, 28, 56, 80, 150, 156, 279,
293, 336, 443, 444, 484.
, ,Hugh Earl of Tyrone to be
urged to renounce all confederacy with,
278.
4 3
N N
562
GENERAL INDEX.
Island, the, 352.
, in Lough, the, 91.
Isle of Man, 106, 129.
Italian proverb, an, 497.
Italy, 410.
Ivagh, Ivaghe, 93.
, McGennis country, so called, 93.
, country of, a note of O'Mahoun Fen's
lands, and tenants within, 514.
Ivelery, the lands and territories of, 511.
Ivere, 194.
Izod, Captain, 128, 243.
J.
Jack-maker, a, pay of, 52.
James, John, 3.
James, Janes, Mr., a merchant of Dublin, of
wealth, honesty, and loyalty; see note 57.
Jarsye ; see Jersey, 419.
Jennison, Mr., late Auditor, his book of col-
lection of the Queen's debts, 49.
Jennyngs, Captain, 305.
Jerman, Jermyn, Sir Thomas, 254, 258, 305,
311.
Jeraon, or Gernon, of Gernonston, 196.
Jersey, Jarsye, 419 ; Isle of, Sir Walter Raleigh
has been a hot suitor for captaincy
thereof, 419, 437.
, Sir Anthony Paulet, late captain
thereof, being dead, 437.
, Raleigh in it, 447.
Jesuit, seminary or traitorly priest, no pardon
to be granted to, 502.
Jesuits, the, 395.
, or seminary priests, all to be given up
by the Earl of Tyrone to the Lord
Deputy, or banished or attached, 521.
Joane, the Lady, daughter of the Countess of
Desmond; see Desmond, 491,492.
Jobston, 189.
Johnston, 191.
Joiner, a, pay of, 52.
Jones, 224.
, William, Mr., appointed a commissary
of musters for Munster, 365.
, a commissary general of musters,
365, 389, 440.
Jordanstowne, 193, 195.
Journal of Sir William Russell, Lord Deputy,
220, 260.
Joyes, the, a strong sept of, in Galway, 217,
300.
, in Mayo, 300.
Judges, the, sent for to have their advice for
the penning of a general pardon, 494.
Judicial places, certain, in Ireland, supplied
with men out of England, the native
judges being subject to partiality, 90,91.
Jupiter, allusion to, 467.
Jury, a grand jury of soldiers, 157.
, , who should constitute a, 157.
Justice to be distributed sincerely and up-
rightly to all (English and Irish), 374.
Justice, a, in Connaught, allowed a yearly
stipend out of composition in lieu of
taxes and cesses, 215.
Justices, (see note) 335, 340.
, commanded to forbear making knights,
granting leases, pardons, pensions, &c.,
340.
of assize, 175.
of the bench, 314.
, the (Loftus and Carew), 356, see
Loftus and Carew.
of the peace, sheriffs, and gentlemen,
sale of gunpowder restricted to, by pro-
clamation, 120.
K.
Kahir, Baron of, see Cahir, 378.
Kantyre in Scotland, the two great Lords of r
see Agnus McDonnell and McAlane,
272.
Karne, the, 193.
Hills, 236.
Karickfergus, Karrickfergus, Karrickfargus r
and Knockfergus and Knockfargus,
271, 272. See Carrickfergus
, pay of governor of, 290.
Kavanagh, Dermond McMorris, 226.
, Donell Reogh, 352.
Kavenaghs, the, see Cavanaghs, 260, 298, 352.
Kearnetie, Kearnety, 65, 70.
, plowlands charged therewith, 65.
, definition of, 72.
Keating, Keting, Keeting, Edmund, 195, 255.
'. , John, 480.
, Redmond, 380.
, , submission of, 431, 432.
, Richard, 480.
Keating's country, 431.
Keerne, definition of, 72.
Keillanalforta, called Shane Glasse's country.,
130.
Kelleis of Twoaleg, 269.
Kelley, William, 270.
GENERAL INDEX.
563
Kelleys, Kellies, the, 240, 270, 432.
Kelleys in Imany, 265.
Kellie, 254.
Kellie, Captain, 226, 229, 257.
, John, 228.
Kells, Kelles, town of, 128, 194, 197, 235, 236,
241, 255, 321, 322, 330, 360.
, church of, 236.
, garrison of, 186.
Kenleston, 189.
Kent, proportion of men to be levied in for
service in Ireland, 283.
, Thomas, 194.
Keppagh, 188.
Keppoke, 196.
Kerifergus, see Carrickfergus, 221.
Kerranstone, 195.
Kerry, county of, 67, 203, 204, 300, 306, 364,
402, 412, 413, 414, 415, 425, 426, 427,
428, 433, 434, 437, 467, 471, 474, 488,
516.
, names of the Undertakers with the
quantity and value of their lands in,
61.
.depopulated state of, 61.
, Bishop of, see Crosby, 425,447.
, Island of, 426.
, Knight of, see William FitzGerald,
104, 203, 401, 438, 516.
, John O'Connor, 203.
Kevanaghe, Art Beoy, see Cavanagh, 352.
Key, the, 301.
Keygan, Owen, a priest, 437.
Kierichurigan, country of, 366.
Kilbarlin, number of forces in, 73.
Kilbeckane,481.
Kilbeggan, abbey of, 192.
Kilbirri, 352.
Kilboy, 194.
Kilbrid, 194.
Kilbrittane, 351.
Kilbrue, 193.
Kilcashe, 71.
Kilcaske, 480.
Kilclogan, 190.
Kilcloine, 480.
Kilconelin, a country in the county of Wexford,
190.
Kilcoskan, 188.
Kilcrea, castle of, belonging to the Lord or
chieftain of Muskry, 512.
Kildalky, 195.
Kildare, county of, 189, 191, 196,218, 260,
273, 298, 347, 482.
, Bishop of, 8.
, sheriff of, 95, 251. .
, Countess of, 410.
Lord, 224.
Kildare, Earl of, 191, 192, 218, 223, 227, 235,
236, 238, 239, 245, 253, 257, 269, 304,
305, 360.
, , two base brothers of, called the
bastard Geraldines, 298.
Kilfinoragh, 506.
Kilgarvan, 193.
Kilgighy in Ossery, 432.
Kilgobbin, Kilgobban, 189, 351.
Kilguage, 368.
Kilhobock, 190.
Kilinagblohart, barony of, 514.
Kilka, 191.
Kilkarne, 193.
Kilkenny, county of, 182, 190, 196,217, 235,
253, 257, 269, 273, 298, 301, 378, 379,
380, 383, 384, 404, 432.
, sheriff of, 95.
, town of, 9, 190, 382.
, letter dated at, 405.
, the Earl of Ormond generally in his
castle at, 190.
Kilkenny-the-West, 193.
, barony of, called Maghry-Cork or
Dillon's country, 193.
Kilkevan, 190.
Kilknock, 229.
Killare, 193.
Killargan, Hill of, otherwise Mallaghenenuragh,
222.
Killarie, 194.
Killbarry, woods of, 487.
Killcomen, 227.
Killegarge, 189.
Killeglan, 193.
Killenan, 192.
Killene, KiUeene, Lord of, Baron of, 95, 193.
Killenfaghney, 193.
Killineighnam, 195.
Killinessan, 195.
Kilhnallock, Killmallocke, Killmallonghe,
town of, 305, 306,320,364,386,391,
399, 400, 401, 402, 408, 410, 413, 428,
429,471,487,493.
Killmorrow, 352.
Killnomanagh, 226.
Killrowe, 193.
Killshallow, 352.
Killussy, 191.
Kilmackow, 477.
Kilmacoghe, Bishop of, 8.
Kilmainham, Kilmaynham, Killmaynam, Kil-
maneham, Kilmaineham, Ky Imayneluini,
&c., 11,51,60,80, 222.
commission dated at, 11.
, letters dated at, 11, 59, 60, 182, 183,
221.
, licence dated at, 520.
Kilm Lcnye, lands of, subject to composition,
63.
Kilmocley, 480.
N N 2
564
GENERAL INDEX.
Kilnenvuinaghe, Kilnemanagh, 481.
, barony of, 513.
Kiloskehane, 480.
Kilquige, 487.
Kilrushe, 425.
Kiluber, 192.
Kilultagh, Kilultogh, 73, 87.
number of forces in, 73.
Captain of, see Connock McNeale, 98,
180.
Kilvinine, 480.
Kit wane, Captain of, 180.
Kilwarlen, Kilwarlyn, Kilwarling, 28, 87, 93,
299.
Kilwartin, Captain of, see Ever McRoory, 98.
Kinalertic, number of forces in, 73.
Kinalmekeghe, 352.
Kindellane, Edward, 195.
King, George, 188.
Kinge, Captain, 386.
Henry, 195.
King's County, otherwise Ofialy, 191, 196,217,
298.
Kingsmell, Kingesmill, Captain, 128, 405.
, Captain Frances, 287, 406.
, , his brother George, 406.
, Captain George, 377.
Kingstowne, 193.
Kinnalea, see articles for a yearly composition
in, 64.
Kinsale, Kynsale, 104, 129, 196, 204, 367, 393.
, sovereign of, 493.
, the old head of, 501.
a castle there so called belonging to
the Coursie family, 501.
Kinshelaghes, the, 190.
Kinsoles, the, 309.
Kissak, 189.
Kittloltogh, 93.
Knight of Kerry, 516.
of the Valley, seeEdtnond FitzThomas,
473, 516.
.EdmondFitzThomasFitz Gerald,
commonly the, see FitzGerald, 502.
, no pardon to be granted, 502.
Knight service, tenure by, 112.
Knighthood, order of, to -whom it should be
given, 215.
, when to be conferred, 295.
Knightstone, 194.
Knockclangorie, the, 156.
Knockcosger, 192.
Knockc, the, 195.
Knockenamine, 480.
Knockfarren, alias Rainy Hill, 233.
Knockfergus, Knockfargus, see Carrickfergus,
12, 14, 55, 196,201,203, 216, 224,272,
371,389, 298,466.
, bay of, 281.
, constable of, 218.
Knockfergus, the town of, preyed by James
McSurley, son of Surleboy the Scot,
93.
Knock-la-Glinche, 287.
Knockmarke, 195.
Knockmoan, county of Waterford, castle of,
396.
Knockmoy, 270.
Knocknemany, 429.
Knollys, W., 355, 365, 370, 393, 410, 501.
Knowles, Francis, Sir Francis, 25, 128, 248.
Kolloweries, the Upper, 514.
Kreggin, 514.
Kuynne, Munter, 298.
Kylheede, 191.
Kyllalow, 368.
Kyllcollen, letter dated at, 22.
Kylmaynham, see Kilmainham, 11, 51, 60.
Kynsale, see Kinsale, 204.
Kyrechnrrye, barony of, county of Cork, order
indented betwixt Commissioners and
the freeholders of, 65.
Lacie, David, 65.
Lackagh, 191.
Lacy, Lacye, Lacie, Piers, Pierce, Peirce,
Pyerce, 300, 386, 410, 413, 414, 418,
450, 453, 463, 471, 483, 484, 488, 489,
490, 497, 514.
, the traitor, 399, 400.
, , of the Brufle or Broofe, in co.
Limerick, 473, 502.
, , no pardon to be granted to,
499.
Ladin-Ratli, 194.
Laffane, James, 480.
Laghnanstowne, 189.
Laghtiog, 191.
Laughlin, Laughlyn, Lawghlin, Lawghlen,
Laighlin, Laghlin, 50, 256.
, Bishop of, 25, 80, 240, 257, 258.
bridge, 9, 255.
vice-constable at, 55.
, constableship of, 55.
fort, 191.
Lake, Tho., 301.
Lalor, Patrick, 65.
Lalors, the, 432.
Lam bay, near Dublin, 283.
Lambert, Sir Oliver, 336, 431, 465, 495.
GENERAL INDEX.
565
Lancashire, 225.
Lands, spiritual and temporal, O'Rourke
desires re -possession of his, 279.
Lane, Ralph, Rafe, Sir Ralph, Knight, 118,
178, 187, 226, 232, 236, 237, 289.
, , Muster Master, 127, 213, 268.
, letter to, 120.
, William, 257.
, Sir William, 257.
Laragh, 192.
Larath, 192.
Large Virnevie, town and lands of, 74.
Latin, an oration written in, made by the
Mayor and Aldermen of Galway to
Lord Deputy Russell on his entrance
into the city 'during his journey, 238.
Lattine, 480.
Lawghlin. See Laughlin.
Lawles, 14.
Laws, the parental love for children begets
prudence and obedience to the, 28.
Lawyers, the rebel corporate towns make
choice of professed lawyers for their
magistrates, 492, 493.
" Le Place " in Termon Magrath, 88.
Lecall, 271.
Ledgwitch, 195.
Lee, river of, 511.
,a seminary priest taken prisoner for
saying mass, 255.
, Lea, Ley, Captain, 55, 128, 182, 191,
237, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 255.
257, 258, 259.
, James, 193.
, Sir John, 519.
Patrick, 193.
t Thomas, Captain Thomas, 50, 180,
237, 243, 253, 332.
Leefere, the, 108.
Leffar, Lefer, the, 288, 513.
Legge, 59.
, reported harsh treatment by Lord
Deputy FitzWilliams of, 56.
Lehinche, 192, 265.
Leicester, county of, proportion of men levied
in, for service in Ireland, 283.
, Earl of, Lord of, 2, 14.
his death prejudicial to the
interests of Earl of Tyrone at Court, 88.
Leidger, the Queen's ambassador in France,
438.
Leigh, Sir Urian, Uryan, 252, 253, 332.
Leins, Chr., 195.
Leinster, Leynister, Lynister, Lyenster, 3, 94,
164, 183, 188, 219, 262, 273, 275, 276,
284, 285, 290, 309, 312, 337, 342, 353,
360, 382, 395, 431, 465, 484, 487, 490,
495.506,517.
King of, McMurragh considered no
less than the, 308, 309.
, province of, 45.
, ita reformation neglected, 44.
Lienster, the great disturbers of, weeded out,
53.
......... , "ill-affected to us and wholly different
in religion," 130.
......... , state of, 217, 272, 298.
......... , the traitors and rebels in, 334, 454,
493.
......... , the main strength of the rebels in,
405.
......... , pay of officers of, 289.
......... , the English array in, 443.
Leiry, Donel McConnocke, McCormock, 517.
......... , ...... ,his son Earl of Clancare, 516.
Leitrim, Letrim, Letrym, Leytrym, 216.
......... , county of, 216.
......... , ...... , called O'Roark's country, 300.
......... , Baron of, 299.
......... , John, Baron of, 416.
......... , ...... , his son, Redmond Bourke, 41C.
......... , state of, 271.
......... , a gaol to be built at, 279.
......... , co., 279.
......... , ...... , sheriff of, 85.
LeixjLeixe, Leax, Leaxie, Leys, Leyse,Leasi',
Leise, Less, Lex, alias Queen's Co., 50,
127, 128, 191, 197, 254, 273, 338, 345,
370, 374, 380, 431, 435, 439, 440, 441,
463, 495.
......... , Governor of, 440. See Sir Henry
Poore.
......... , Lieutenant of, 94.
......... , O'Mooresof, 311.
......... , rebellion in, 253, 432.
......... , fort of, 433.
......... , the government of, 50C.
......... , co., 237.
Leixmore, 306.
Leman, Mr., 239.
Lenagh, Sir Tirlagh. See O'Neale.
Lennough, Lenough, Sir Tirlough, Turlangti.
See ONeale.
Lenton, 64.
Leo, James Oge, 449.
Leonard, Edinond, 228.
Leries, the, 203.
Lescarroll, 513.
Leskartan, 194.
Lesmollen, Lessmullin, 193, 235.
Less, 441. See Leix.
Lessfricken, 64.
Lester, Lieutenant of Lord of Delvin, 422.
Lestrange, Le Strange, Le Straung, Sir
Thomas, 7, 8, 9, 77.
Lexylip, 191.
Lcynaghstowne, 480.
Licences to transport commodities prohibited
in Munster, 210.
Lichafeilde, 220.
Licianstown, 193.
Lieutenant, 343, 345, 447, 357, 362. tt*
Essex.
4 3 *
566
GENERAL INDEX.
Lieutenant-General, 291, 292, 335. See
Essex.
and Captain of the army, 296. See
Ormond.
Lifler, Liffiir, Lyffer, the, 107, 196, 197.
Limerick, Lymerick, Lymericke, Lymeryck,
Lunricke, Lymbrick, Limbricke, 9, 14,
16, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26, 27, 36, 67, 128,
196, 255, 300, 304, 305, 320, 372, 373,
386, 390, 391, 398, 399, 400, 402, 403,
409, 410, 411, 413,415, 424, 425, 427,
429, 433, 470, 482, 487, 490, 492, 493.
SVe Articles.
... , Bishop of, 224, 238.
, Dean of, 36T. See Cambell.
Mayor of, 67.
, letter to, 22.
, Recorder of, 211.
, castle of, 390, 398, 407, 416, 433.
, , to be surveyed and repaired and
made lodgeable for the President, 384.
to be fortified, 417.
, fort of, 424.
, river of, 433.
.town of, 376, 412.
, insolence to be bridled, 384.
, "an insolent town," 403.
to be fortified in order to be prepared
against any Spanish invasion, 19.
, the artillery at, 21.
, the storehouses of munition at, in a
state of decay, 52.
, names of the Undertakers in, 61.
, articles made at, 64.
sessions, 212.
, letters dated at, 403, 415, 417.
, CO., 364, 427, 449, 484, 502, 513.
, , chargeable lands in, 67.
, , the invasion of, threatened, 472.
Linche, Mr., 228.
.Patrick, 195.
, Walter, 195.
Lincoln, proportion of men levied in county
of, for service in Ireland, 283.
Lisbon, 129.
Lischahan, a castle so called, 427.
Lisfynnen, Lisfinnen, 307.
Lisfyny, 477.
Lisgowle Abbey, 203.
Liskahie, 514.
Liskarroll, lands of, subject to composition, 63.
Lislie, 513.
Lismore, Lysmore, 12, 15, 402, 428.
.letter dated at, 13.
Lister, Captain, 128.
Liston, Gerrott, 65.
Little Ardes, 93.
Little Frefan, 195.
Livery, see Coyne, plowlands charged -with, 65.
Lixnuwe, 426.
, the name of the chief house of Lord
FitzMorrys, 425.
Lixnawe, Baron of, 473, 502.
, , the territory of, called the
country of Clanmorryes, 61.
, , his son and heir, 453. See
Thomas FitzMorris.
, the late Baron of, 483.
, , his son Thomas FitzMorrice,
499.
, the pretended Baron of, 471. See
Thomas FitzMorris.
, bridge of, to be repaired, 505.
Lixnay, Lord Maurice of, 447.
Lobenstone, 194.
Loftus, Adam, Archbishop of Dublin, Chan-
cellor, Lord Chancellor, Justice, Lord
Justice, 11, 45, 48, 55, 63, 71, 75, 87,
89, 95, 100, 119, 120, 132, 146, 149,
154, 175, 185, 187, 191, 227, 254, 260,
282,290,296,356,370,371,477. See
notes, 335, 339, 342. See Dublin.
, , letters to, 40, 283, 284, 363,
366.
, Captain Adam, 312.
, Sir Dudley, 238.
Logchrine, 223.
Loghbracan, 194.
Loghgerr, castle of, 399, 400.
Loghie, Brian McOwen, 512.
Loghnaseak, letters dated at, 186.
Loghrewe, 195.
Loghtogherie, 480.
Logrono in Spain, see note, 340.
London, 17, 105, 283, 419, 494.
Mayor of, 32.
, Tower of, 27.
, York House in, 82.
, proportion of men levied in, for ser-
vice in Ireland, 283.
, letters dated at, 14, 131, 469.
Longe, Thomas, 64.
, Tibbottne, 217,270, 271, 272, 317,
419. See Burke.
Longford, Longfort, Lonforte, 77, 78, 216,
505.
, constable of, 75.
, country of, 76.
, CO., 45, 94, 196, 202, 230, 298.
Lonfule, 108. See Lough Foyle.
Lord Admiral, 11, 12, 224, 314, 406, 446,457,
494, 496. See Lord Howard and Earl
of Nottingham.
Lord Chamberlain, 457.
Lord Chancellor, 12, 16,21,43, 75, 86,88, 118,
189, 227, 238, 242, 244, 246, 247, 253,
254, 255, 260, 370, 478. See Loftus,
Hatton, Gerrard.
and Council, 229, 230,253.
Lord Chief Baron, 212.
Lord Chief Justice, 392, 396. See Popham.
Lord Deputies, appointments in the gift of, 52.
GENERAL INDEX.
567
Lord Deputy, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 15,
17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 27, 28,31, 32, 34,
35, 36, 37, 40, 42, 43, 46, 52, 62, 63,
75, 76, 77, 78, 81, 84, 85, 86, 89, 97,
98, 107, 108, 109, 111, 115, 116, 118,
126, 143, 144, 147, 149, 151, 153, 156,
157, 164, 173, 177, 185, 186, 206, 210,
211, 213, 215, 255, 266, 267, 268, 272,
353, 355, 365, 367, 368, 370, 373, 375,
383, 384, 394, 395, 396, 398, 408, 416,
419, 431, 432, 433, 435, 438, 442, 443,
444, 445, 447, 449, 454, 461, 464, 468,
472, 475, 477, 482, 485, 490, 491, 495,
504, 507, 510, 511, 521. See Fitz-
WilJiams, Mountjoy, Perrott, Sidney.
, his secretary, 43. See Philip Wil-
liams.
, commissions by, 6, 7, 11.
, warrants by, 9, 21, 43, 47.
, calls several Council at Wars, 113.
, has not unlimited power to grant all
demands, 146.
his salary, 289.
, his journey into the Queen's County,
430.
all Jesuits or seminary priests to be
given up Earl of Tyrone to, or banished
or attached, 521.
, letters to, 14, 17, 21, 396.
, letters of, 5, 9, 16, 23.
and Council, 7, 13, 39, 45, 71, 73, 75,
76, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91,
94,96,97, 111, 112, 119, 125,132,135,
147, 155, 163, 167, 181, 187, 196, 199,
209, 213, 214, 216, 219, 221, 225-234,
239, 242, 245, 246, 248, 250, 253, 259,
260, 267, 394, 417, 464. See note, 1 74.
, , instructions by, 374.
, , delivered to Sir Henry Wallop
and Sir Robert Gardner how to treat
with the Earl of Tyrone, O'Donnell, and
others, 132.
, a" Declaration '' by, 196.
, , orders by, 95, 99.
, , orders made at the Castle of
Dublin by, to be observed in the English
Pale against the abuses and extortions
of tlie soldiers, 174.
, , a proclamation by, 175.
, , for restraining the carriage of
corn, beef, and other victuals out of
Ireland, 120.
, , for restraining the transportation
and sale of gunpowder in Ireland, 1 20.
, , to be published in the province
of Munster, 369.
, , assembled at Dublin castle tocon-
siderthe case of soldiers who had become
mutinous from their wages, &c. remain-
ing unpaid, 31.
t , Earl of Tyrone to appear before,
to consider the reducing of his country
to composition, 38.
, .offers made by, to the Earl of
Ormond and others touching compo-
sition for cesse in co. Tipperary, 70.
Lord Deputy and Council, deliver a summary
collection of the state of Ireland to Sir
William Russell on his succeeding Sir
WilliamFitzWilJiamasLord Deputy,92.
. , , informations against Earl of
Tyrone preferred by the Knight Marshal,
Sir Henry Bagenall, to, 97.
, , a summary collection of the pro-
ceedings of Sir Henry Wallop and Sir
R. Gardiner, authorized under the great
seal of Ireland to treat with the Earl of
Tyrone and others, collected out of their
journal, presented to the, 132.
, , a letter to Earl of Tyrone pro-
mising support by Philip II., King of
Spain, shown to, under promise of no
copy being made of it, 145.
, ,'represent to the Queen that "Ire-
land might be settled by pacification,"
180.
, , a proclamation to be published
in the province of Munster by, 369.
, , letters of, 120, 145, 148, 149,
154, 185, 186, 371, 378, 385, 464.
, , letters to, 99, 109, 119, 138, 141,
147, 158, 159, 165, 166, 176, 181, 186.
Lord General, 125, 128, 133, 151, 161, 165,
173, 174, 266, 276, 335. See Sir John
Norris.
, warrant by, 165.
Lord Justice, 189, 334. See Sir William
Drury.
and Council, 334.
Lord Justices, 477. See Lords Justices.
Lord Keeper, 212, 245, 396, 457. See Sir.
John Puckering.
, Earl of Essex a prisoner in his house
of, 5 1 7 ; and writes his apology there,
518.
of the Great Seal of England, 205.
See Sir Thomas Egerton.
Lord Lieutenant, 301-306, 308, 310, 311, 322,
323, 325, 330, 333, 334, 335, 337, 341 .
See Essex.
, letters to, 316, 339, 345.
and Council, commission by, 327.
Lord Lieutenant General of her Majesty's army,
274, 276, 283. See Earl of Ormond.
Lord President of Munster, 63, 65, 118, 120,
186, 204, 211, 232, 233, 244-248, 250,
254, 255, 257, 258, 259, 296, 306, 307,
327, 367, 372, 387, 391, 394, 397, 398,
399, 417, 449, 456, 477, 495, 505, 516.
See Carew and Norris.
, his dangerous sickness, 320.
and Council of Munster, 209, 210.
, letter to, 500.
Lord President of the Marches of Wales, 206.
Lord Presidents, the, 210.
Lord Primate, the, 7, 195, 196, 258. See.
Archbishop of Armagh.
Lord Treasurer, 16, 17, 27, 33, 40, 43, 51,
54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 221, 223, 224,
234, 246, 249, 396, 446, 457, 494, 496.
522. See Buckhurst, Burleigh, and
Wallop.
563
GENERAL INDEX.
Lords Justices, Lord Justices, 275, 276, 282,
283, 296, 329, 330, 332, 477. See
Loftus, Carew, and Gardiner.
...., to have authority during the absence
of the Lieutenant and Governor Ge-
neral, 295.
letters to, 283, 284, 339, 345, 363,
366.
and Council, 293.
, a petition to, 330.
, answer to the same, 331.
Lordships, the advantage of dividing the land
into small, 45.
Lorranedaffe, 380.
Losthowse, Sir Dudley, 190.
Losinage, 243.
Lough, the, 78.
Lough Curkin, 405.
Lough Eaghe, Eaw, Eawgh, alias Lough
Sydney, 124, 163, 173, 201.
Lough Earne, Erne, 91, 107, 200, 201, 203.
, river of, 199.
Lough Foyle, Lough Foile, Loughfoyle,
Lough foile. Loughefoile, Lofoyle, Logh
Foile, &c., 34, 74, 107, 108, 197,198,
200, 201, 281, 282, 284, 288, 296, 299,
316, 333, 347, 371, 374, 389, 396, 404,
405, 406, 409, 424, 435, 465, 466, 483,
484.
, Governor of, 361.
, , pay of, 289.
, one of the common landing places for
Scots invading Ireland, 128.
, the fortification at, should be main-
tained, 202.
, the plantation at, 435.
, instructions for the army at, 455.
Lough Moiltagber, 76.
Lough Reogh, 238, 240.
Lough Swedy, 192.
Lough Swillye, Lough Swillie, 107, 299.
Lough Sydney, Sidney, alias Lough Eaghe,
Eaw, 163, 173.
Longhfguire, 77.
Loughgeare, 408.
Loughgoure, 193.
Loughmey, Loughmay, Baron of, 299, 513.
See Ralph Purcell.
Loughsworcan, letter dated at, 297.
Louth, Louthe, 188, 196, 322, 323.
,mill of; 322, 323.
Louth, co., 45, 196, 260, 298.
, , sheriff of, 95.
Lonth, Louithe, Lowth,Lord of, Lord, 95, 181,
194, 196, 236, 244, 254.
Lovell, 190.
, Sir Robert, 464,465.
Low Burkes, 7.
Low Countries, the, Low Country, 56, 283,
285, 347, 350, 419, 420, 435, 436, 446,
468.
, the soldiers prefer being quartered in,
than in Ireland, 353.
Low Countries, the, " where our English'won
great honour," 409.
, the wars of the, 472.
Low Lyniester, 311.
Lower Ormond, barony of, 513.
Lucan, 188.
Lumaraghstone, 195.
Lumbard, James, 63.
Lune, 195.
Luston, 193.
Luttrell, Thomas, 188, 194.
Luttrelstowne, 188.
Lyfie, the, 260.
Lyffer, the, 197. See Liffer.
Lyfford, 353.
Lykadowne, 401.
Lyksnawe, Pa., 67.
Lynam, Peter, 195.
, Thomas, 195.
Lynche, Dominick, 238.
Lyon, the, one of the Queen's ships, 1 78.
Lyon, William, Bishop of Cork and Rosse,
365.
Lyons, 410, 436.
, the French King at, 419.
Lysdallon, 270.
Lysmoyne, 192.
Lystoell, castle of, 488.
Lyston, Garret, 426.
Lysvahane, a castle so called, 412.
Lyvery, definition of this exaction, 72.
Lyxna, 45 1 .
M.
Mac, Mack, Mak, Me,
Me Alane, one of the great lords of Kantyre in
Scotland, 272.
McAlie's country, 69.
McAlliffe, 515.
McArt, McArte, Bryan, Brian, 93, 102, 287.
, , the base son of the base brother
of Earl of Tyrone, 93.
, Neale, Neille, 181.
McArtand, Brian, 93.
McArten, 299.
McAulyne, 385.
McBaron, Art, Arte, 102, 139, 181, 287, 406.
, Cormagh, 287.
, Cormock, Connocke, Cormuck, Cor-
mucke, Connack, 92, 98, 99, 139, 233,
299, 475.
GENERAL INDEX.
569
McBrien, McBryen, McBrian, McBryan, Me
Bryon, McBrene, McBriean:
Arra, his country called Dow Arra,
130.
, descended from O'Brien of
Tomocd, 513.
, Cahir, 203.
, Collo, 92.
, his sons, 92.
, Cormock McNeale, 112.
Donell, 389.
, Doulin, 229.
Fertaugh, 139.
, Moroghe, 67.
, Patrick McCollo, 157.
, Shane, 28, 57, 98, 139, 271, 287.
, , one of the lords of Nether
Clandeboy, 93.
, , his grievances, 154.
, , submission and requests of, 155.
McBrinagownagh's country, 368.
McBrinarie's country, 368.
McCahire, Turlaugh, 229.
McCane's country, 299.
McCartan, 180.
, his country, 87.
, Tege, alias Tege McMockle, 64.
McCarten, Aghovell, 1 12.
McCarties, the, 517.
, pedigree of, 516.
, lands of, 352.
, of Munster, 367.
McCarty, McCartie, McCarte, McCartey, Me
Cartye, Bonnaught, 514.
, Charles, 387, 397, 398, 416, 438.
, Cormocke Oge, 64.
, Donnell, Donell, 216, 437.
, Donell McDermod, 64.
, Donell McDonogh, 64.
, Donogh McCormocke, 64.
.Florence, 215,216, 300,301, 367,378,
379, 385, 387, 401, 415, 420, 421, 426,
427, 429, 437, 446, 447, 451, 453, 472,
473, 474, 483, 485, 488, 501, 517.
, , pledges to be delivered to as
McCarty More, 367.
, an abstract of several treasons
committed by, 514.
, , advises the rebels to kill Sir
Charles Willmot, 515.
, , his wife Ellen, 300, 516.
, , the reasons he alleges to prove
that the Earl of Clancare's lands ought
to descend to Ellen his wife and to her
heirs, 516.
, his sister Shelley Cartie, 516.
, Fana McDonell, 64.
, Beoghe, Reough, Chief of Carbry,
351, 352, 385.
McCarty, see note, 511.
of the Drissan, 512.
McCarty More, McCartie More, McCarty
Moore, 305, 437, 443, 473.
.......... Chief of thelrishry, 367. -See Florence
McCarty.
, letter to, 443.
, .thetitle taken by Derby McOwen.
286.
, Charles, 423.
, Donel, the Earl of Clancare, sent into
England by Lord Deputy Sidney, 516.
McCaughlons, the, 273.
McClawlie Glasnye, 138.
McColl, Con, 378.
McColley, Ewer, 148.
McCollo, Con, 265.
, Ewer, 157, 158, 165.
, , grievances of, 156.
, , protestations and demands of,
158.
, Oyn, 186.
McCongaurney, Sheane, 75.
McCongawney, Johannes, 76.
McConnel, McConel, Agnus, 28, 34, 21 6.
, , the Scot, 93.
, the Earl of Tyrone promises not
to give or receive aid to or from, 38.
.......... Anguishe, 10.
, Donnell Grone, of the Glume, 112.
, Sawerley, 112.
McConnells, the, 197.
McCoolie, Ever, his sons, 92, 96, 98.
McCormacke, Donnaught, 515.
McCormocke, McCormock, McCormucke,
Donoghe, Donnough, Donoughe, 53,
286, 289, 444, 512 ; called McDonouirh
493.
, , his wife the daughter of the
White Knight, 493.
McConchor, Teige, 514.
McCoughlas, the, 298.
McCowley, Ever, 139, 324.
McCragh, McCraghe, Cragh, Milerins, Arch-
bishop of Cashell, 444 ; see note, 296.
, Dermond, Bishop of Cork, brief from
Pope Sixtus V. to, granting extensive
ecclesiastical powers, 9.
, " the usurped Bishop of Cork," .
, Donnaught, usurping the name of
Archbishop of Dublin, 515.
McCraghes, the, 514.
McCrahe, Daniel, 68.
McCrast, a seminary priest, 353.
Mel )a More, 190.
McDallio, Donnio, 231.
McDavie, Sir Hubert Boy, 270.
McDavye, Sir Hubert Burke, 8.
McDermod, Cormock, letter to, 363.
McDermody, Cormock, Lord of Muskry, 203
364, 367, 449.
McDermod dy, Dermott McTeige, 514.
570
GENERAL INDEX.
McDennond, 300.
, Cormocke, Lord of Muskry, 516.
, , letter to, 443.
McDennot, Art, 190.
McDermot, McDermott, Cormocke, Cormack,
Cormock, Lord of Muskry, 112, 270,
306, 374, 385, 427, 437, 438.
Mulrony, 270.
McDonnaght, 286.
McDonnaugh, Brian, 380.
McDonnell, McDonell, Agnus, one of the great
lords of Kantyre in Scotland, 272.
, Edmund, 191.
Hugh Duff, 282.
, Reogh Art Boy, 352.
, Shane, 245.
McDonnells, two of the, 406.
McDonogh, McDonnoughe, McDonoghe, 92,
300.
, Caale Og, 271.
, Cormock McCormock, so called, 493.
See McCormock.
, Donell, 480.
, O'Hary Reogh, 271.
, Teige, 514.
, Tyryrell, 271.
McDonogho, Cahir, 204.
McDwaltogh, Con, 270.
McEae [?], Thomas, 65.
McEdmond, Morrough, 229.
, Thomas, 68.
McEggan, 514. See McKegen ; see note.
McEUanes, the, 197.
McErtoe, Brian, 406.
McEvoy, William, 195.
McFeagh, McFeaghe, Phelim, Phellim, 252,
309, 311.
McFelem, Neale Oge, 28.
McFeleme, Tege McDermod, 64.
McFeogh, Redman, 231.
, Turlaugh, 234.
McFeolem, Neale Oge McHugh, 272.
McFirre, Tege, 243.
McFynin, 38'5, 472.
McGagh, the Clantey, 203.
McGarrett, Edmond, 229.
McGawle, William, 193.
McGennesses, Magnisses, the, 133, 136.
McGennis, McGenis, McGennes, McGenyese,
McGuynnes, McGuynes, McGwynusse,
Magnisse, McGuynnies, McGennys,
Maginnisse, &c., 138, 140, 181, 287,
324, 521.
, his country, 143 ; called Ivagh. 93.
, Ever Mcllory, 93.
,Hugh, Sir Hugh, 60, 98, 112, 116,
136, 189,241.
, , his father-in-law O'Neale, 299.
McGerrott, Carhill, 65.
McGibbon, Tibott llooghe McTibott, 7.
McGibbonye, Edmund, the White Knight,
368.
McGogheghanes, the, 260.
McGoghlin, 242, 243.
, his country, 242.
McGragh, Bryan, 297.
McGraghjMcGraghe, Meillmorre, Moylemoore,
Archbishop of Cashell, 296, 297.
, , his son, 297.
McGuilly, 93.
McGuire, McGwire, McGuyre, McGwyer,
Macguire, Magwire, Magwy re, Maguy re,
&c., 13, 74, 75, 87, 89, 90, 92, 97, 98,
99, 101, 110, 115, 121, 122, 124, 133,
134, 139, 147, 155, 156, 159, 161, 162,
165, 167, 196, 201, 202, 232, 271, 287,
288, 313, 324, 353, 366, 374, 493, 521,
522, see note, 295.
, chieftain of Fermanagh, 111.
, his country, 45, 299, 505; called
Fermanagh, 142, 376 ; in open rebel-
!M>", 92.
, his expuLioa from his fort in the
Lough Erne, 91.
, the traitor, 96.
, his griefs, 155.
, petitions that all may have free liberty
of conscience, 156.
, his tenants killed and preyed, 156.
, submission of, 156.
, the answers to the petitions of, 169.
, his sister, the wife of Philip O'Reylly,
236.
, death of, 368.
, his good services, 370.
, Coconnaugh, 475.
.-.., Connor Roe, 201.
, Connorough, 475.
, Sir Cooner, 28.
, Cowconnogh, 112.
, Edmond MacHugh, 156 ; his head cut
off by the Queen's forces, and " hurled
from place to place as a football," 156.
, Missi, 138.
, Redmond, 70.
co., composition of, 203.
McGwires, the, necessity of maintaining sol-
diers in the Pale to defend it from the
daily incursions of the O'Reylies,
O'Farrells, and others, including the, 28.
McHenrie, Con, 287.
McHenry, McHenrie, Turlagh, Turlaghe, Tur-
loghe, Tirlaughe. Terlaugh, &c., Cap-
tain of the Fewes, 39, 65, 102, 139, 201,
254, 287, 406.
, , brother or half-brother of the
Earl of Tyrone, 35, 92.
, , his sons, 98.
, , of the Fuke, 97.
McHenry, Tirlagh Oge, 257.
Mcllubert, William, 422.
GENERAL INDEX.
571
McHugh, Macke Hue Pheag, 47.
, McHughe. Pheagh, Pheaghe, Feagh,
Feaghe, Feogh, Feoghe, 58, 94, 95, 109,
127, 133, 160, 168, 181, 182, 183, 185,
217,224-227,231, 247-253, 255-259,
272, 273, 277, 440, 506. See also
O'Birne.
," the fire-brand of Leinster and
gall of Ireland," 3.
, , his rebellious and lawless cha-
racter, 44.
., , , his rebellious character and bad
example to others, 45.
, , submission of, 238.
, , the ancient traitor in Leinster.
217.
, letter of, 2 18.
, , letter to, 135.
, , his wife Rise or Risse Toole,
225 ; found guilty of treason, and sen-
tenced to be burnt, 231.
, , his uncle, 217.
, Neale, Neile, Neille, Neyle, one
of the lords of Nether Clandeboy, 93,
98, 180, 287, 406.
_. , Neale Oge, 57.
, Owen, 287.
McHugh Oge, Bryan, Brian, 92, 96, 98, 148.
McJonyn, John, 271.
McKeagho, Roorie, 229.
TowhiJl, 229.
McKegen (or McEggan), Owen, usurping the
name of Bishop of Rosse, 514.
, ,a proposal by Earl of Tyrone
and others to send him to the Pope for
an excommunication to all that did not
rebel, 515.
McKelgott, Thomas, 506.
McLearnye, Robert, 104.
McMahon, McMahone, McMahowne, McMa-
houne, McMaghone, McMahound, &c.,
6, 13, 1 10, 112, 133, 134, 139, 144, 148,
157, 159, 162, 165, 167, 232, 299, 313,
521, 522.
, his brother, 231.
, his country, 28, 87, 88, 156, 169, 505.
, , called Farney, 157.
t , all lords spiritual and temporal
within, pardon sought for, 158.
, the baronies of, that had fallen into
her Majesty's gifts by his attainder, to
be divided amongst several obeying the
English law, 47.
t the same extinguished, 157.
t Brian, answers to his petitions, 169.
, Brian McHugh Oge, 170.
, , grievances of, 156.
, , molestations and demands of,
158.
, Connour, 64.
, "de Lenton" Concur, 64.
,Ewer McCoolye, 134.
, Ewer, 158.
McMahon, Hugh Roe, 89, 157.
, , made captain of his country on
the death of his brother, 13.
, , attainder of, 45.
, , description of his country, 45.
, , named McMahowne by Sir
William FitzWilliam, 156.
, the unjust execution of, 169.
, Missi, 138.
Patrick Me Arte Moile, sheriff of co.
Monaghan, 116.
, Sir Rosse Knight, 28, 89.
, , married to the daughter of Earl
of Tyrone, 88.
McMahons, McMahones, McMahownes, Me
Mahonds, 45, 90, 92, 102, 111, 124,
127, 162, 164, 170, 260, 287, 521.
McMaoge, 64. See Richard Condon.
McMaughan, 147.
McMelaghlen, Edmond, 271.
McMockle Tege alias Tege McCartan, 64.
McMoreartagh, Hugh, 299.
McMorghe, Moriertaghe, 65.
McMoriarta, Owen, 203.
McMorish, Darby, 190.
McMorris, McMorys, McMorrys, McMorrice,
&c., 270, 414, 488, 490, 497.
, his eldest son, 488.
, made a fugitive, 489.
, Lord, 305, 413.
, Davy, 271.
, Edmond, 229.
, Garrald, 227.
, John, 271.
, Richard, 112.
, Shane, 7.
McMortaugh, Garrett, 256.
McMulmurry Doole, 65.
McMurie, Morrough, submission of, 239.
McMurragh, 308.
McMurtaugh, Garrat, 379.
McNeece, Randall, 93.
McOneale, his country, 299.
McNeale, McNale, Oge, Con, Cone, Sir Con,
28,87, 112.
, Cormock, Captain of Killultoghe, 93,
98.
, Tirlo, 299.
McNemaraghes, the, 300.
McO'Neyls, the, 93.
McNorris, Dermond, 259.
McOwen, Teig W. W., 69.
McO'Ville, Theobald, 112.
McOwen, Brene, 69.
.Derby, 286.
, Dermond, 53, 256, 444.
, , calling himself McCarthi More,
300.
Dermond McIIugh, 231.
, Dermott, 69.
, Rallaghan, 64.
5/2
GENERAL INDEX.
McOwen, Teig, 203.
Thomas McHugh, 231.
McPhelim, Sir Brian, 154.
, Shan McBryan, U2.
McPhelims, Shane McBrian, 133.
McPhillip, John, 104.
, John FitzThomas, 65.
McPieris, Mastine, 70.
McPryor, Connor Roe, 465.
, Murtagh, 465.
McQuelin, 181.
McRedmond, Shane, 429.
McRickard, William, 67.
McRoory, Ever, Captain of Kilwarlin, 98.
McRorie, Ever, 112.
McRory, McRorye, McRorie, Owney, Owny,
Wony, 380, 381, 382, 431, 432, 439.
McRowry, 311.
McSarley, James, 216.
McSauerly, James, 181.
McShane, Brian, 167.
, , the answer to his demands, 170.
, David, 64.
, McShau, Edmond, 68, 253, 270.
, Garret, 430.
, Harry Oge McHarry, Henry Oge
McHenry, 98, 282.
, Henry, 287.
, Henry Oge, 187.
, John McThomas, 68.
, McHenry, 299.
, Owny, appointed to be O'Moore, 432.
, Oliverus, 272 ; see also note, 270.
McShaneglasse, castle of, 512.
McSheane, Edmund, 78.
McShee, Mary, or Mary ny Shee, servant of
Countess of Desmond, 491, 492.
McShees, the, 217, 273, 300.
McShehy, Morogh, 258.
McSleught, 300.
McSowrlie, James, 287.
McSurley, James, son to Sorleboy the Scot,
93, 466.
McSurley Boy, James, 299 see note, 295.
McSwyne, McSwine, 233.
, his country, 299.
McSwyne-a-Do, McSwyne a Do, 282, 319.
McSwyne de Band, 299.
de Doe, 299.
de Fand, 299.
, Fanoughe, 300.
ne Do, ne Doe, 358, 435.
, Owen Loghie, 512.
McSwynes, McS wines, the, 203, 271, 288,385,
513.
, the three, 92, 202.
of Tirconill, 76.
McSyhis, the, 203.
McTeg of the Kenedies, 513.
McTeig. See McCarty.
McTeig, McTeg, McTegge, Cormock, Sir
Cormock, Connocke, 112, 18S, 386,
512.
, , a note of his living in Muskry
when Sir Derniod McTeig held the
lordship, 511.
, , his widow, 512.
, Sir Dermod, 511.
Kallaghau, 512.
Owen, 203, 512 (McCartie of the
Drigsan).
McTerlagh, Con, 287.
McTibott, Edmond, 7.
, Walter, alias McTibott, 7.
McTirlagh, Rorie, 514.
McThomas, 421.
, James, 402, 446, 451, 461,463,487,
489.
, the titulary Earl of Desmond,
483. See also the Knight of the Valley.
, John, 438, 471, 483, 489.
, , the brother of James McThomas,
488.
, Shaae, 7.
McTole, Shane, 75.
McTomas' party, 452.
McUllick, John, 68.
, Moris, 68,
McVadock, 190.
Me Walter, his country called Dow O'Loyagh,
130.
, Callogh, 439.
, , "the most bloody rebel in Leins-
ter," 431.
, Tibbot, "the now McWilliam," 265.
McWilliam, 133, 147, 160, 168, 178, 179, 217,
265,266,270, 271,272,300, 338; see
note, 270.
, called also the Blind Abbot, the chief
of the Burkes, killed by Sir Richard
Byngham, 22.
, the most notorious traitor in Con-
naught, 216.
, Ran, Rann, 133, 160, 168.
.Thomas, 271.
McWyllye, 216.
McY'Neale, Clan Turlaghe, 98.
Macoghlan, John, 192.
Madrid, letter dated at, 145.
Maecenas, allusion to, 314.
Magawle, 193.
Maghery Dernan, barony of, 192.
Maghry-Cork, the barony of Kilkenny so
called, or Dillon's country, 193.
Magie, the island, 154.
Magistrates, the rebel corporate towns make
choice of professed lawyers for their,
492, 493.
Magistrates and mayors refuse to go to the
church, 385.
Magnisse, Magnise, Sir Hugh, 136, 189.
Magnisses, the, 136. Sec McGennesses.
GENERAL INDEX.
573
Magragh, Myell, brother of Archbishop of
Cashell, 456.
Magoghegan, 51.
, Art, 192.
.Bryan, 192.
, Con, 192.
, Hugh, 192.
.Thomas, 192.
, Rosse, 192.
Magoghegans, Magoghagnes, Magoughegans,
Magohagans, Magohiganes, c., the, 50,
51, 53,54, 192,218.
Maherlacooe, letter dated at, 135.
Main of Scotland, 107.
Mainwareing, 81, 82.
Major, Sergeant, 128.
Malafont, William, 204.
Malahyde, Mallahide, Mallahyde, 48, 188.
Malby, Malbye, Malbie, Mr., 29, 222, 225, 235,
238, 239, 243.
Mallaghenenuragh alias Killargan, 222.
Mallocashe, 191.
Malloghmore, 270.
Mallow, Mallo, Malloe, 306, 364, 419, 450, 486.
Malraneon (?), 190.
Manchestern, 225.
Mandevile, Thomas, 104.
, , his wife Anastace, 104.
Mannering, Captain, 440.
Mannering, Mann cringe, Edward, 67.
, Mrs., 235, 236, 237, 240.
, , death and burial of, 242.
Manners, George, 311.
Manning, Patrick, 194.
Mansfield, Captain, 128, 25S.
, John, 480.
Manwaringe, Captain, 385.
, Edmond, 61.
MaoUo, 488.
Mape, Henry, 194.
Mape-Rath, 194.
Margallen, 194.
Mariner, 513.
Markam, Sir Griffin, 319.
Markeham, Mr., 305.
Marmaduke, 43, 54.
Marseilles, 410.
Marshal, the, 12, 33, 41, 43, 57, 88,89, 128,
142, 151, 156, 164, 229, 231, 281, 282,
283, 303, 304, 305, 308, 310, 311, 388,
431. See Bagnall and Bingham.
, formerly relieved by cesse, and had
Irish pay, 43.
, his mills about the Newry destroyed
by Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 116.
, Sir R, Bingham appointed, 283.
, his defeat at the Blackwater, 280.
, near Armagh, 282, 283.
Marshal, the Lord, the Earl, 178, 282.
Marshall, Marshal, Captain, 183, 253, 254.
Marshalsea, the, 59.
Marshalstowne, Marshallstone, 195, 480.
Mart, Murgha na, 76.
Marte, Mart, 68, 70.
, articles made at Limerick regarding,
64. See Articles.
, baronies and lands charged with, 67.
, definition of this exaction, 71.
Martial law, when to be exercised towards
women, 174, 175.
laws, 389.
, Earl of Tyrone promises not to
exercise, 34.
Martin, Mr., 234, 235.
Marviliack, Marviliacke, 180, 234, 23t>,
247,248, 251, 257, 259.
Mariborough, Mary Borrough, barony of, 191.
, fort at, 243, 505.
Mary, Queen, 15, 104, 517.
Mary Rose, the, one of the Queen's ships, 178.
Masserine, 201 .
Master of the Ordnance, 1, '305, 375. Set
Carew.
Master of the Rolls, 213.
Master-son, Mastersonn, Mastersonne, Master-
sone, Mr., 190, 229, 230, 250, 251, 253,
389.
, Captain, 422.
John, 851.
, Richard, 258.
, Thomas, 189.
, Sir Richard, 423.
Masterston, Sir Richard, 352.
Mastostone, 194.
Maurice, Count, 436.
, Lord, of Linnay, 447.
Mawghrye Morne, barony of, 155.
Maynard, Maynarde, Mr., 54, 220.
Maynoothe, Maynowth, 79, 191.
Mayo, Maio, 216, 239, 300.
, country of, 216.
, state of, 216, 270.
, gentlemen of, in rebellion, 3.
CO., 7, 239, 265, 266.
Mayors, letter of Lord Deputy FitzWilliam
to, 1.
, warrant to, 47.
Mayors and Aldermen would hitherto go to
the church " pro forma," but now object
to this external obedience, 388.
Meade, John, magistrate of Cork, 492.
Meade, Leoffin, 64.
Meagher, James, 480.
Meath, Meathe. 188, 238.
Meath, Bishop of. Lord Bishop of, 7, 8, 25, 75,
34, 95, 175, 185, 187, 189, 194,235,
241, 246, 274, 275, 276, 321, 327, 370,
371.
, , his house called Aorackcn, &c.,
223,235,236,240,321.
Lord of, 77, 118, 223.
.sheriff of, 238.
574
GENERAL INDEX.
Meath, state of, 298.
rebels of, 334.
CO., 125, 193, 196, 260.
sheriff of, 95.
Mellifont, Mellifount, Mellifante, 156,22:>, 236.
MeUivant, 232.
Merchants, restrictions as to their selling pow-
der, armour, and munition, 365.
, regulations regarding their transactions
in warlike necessaries, 390.
Meriogne, 189.
Meriom, 237.
Merlinston, 196.
Merriman, Captain, 128, 232.
Merrimans, Captain, 230.
Mey, Robert, 194.
Miagh, John, 189.
Patrick, 204.
Michell (?), 223.
, F., see note, 234.
Mr., 225, 228, 231.
Michellstone, 194.
Middlesex, allusion to the quiet state of, 454.
Middlethird, barony of, 514.
Midensis, Tho., i.e. Bishop of Meath, 8, 75,95,
175, 185, 187, 327, 370, 371. See
Meath, Bishop of.
Milborne, 259.
Milford, Myllford, Mylford, 129, 247.
Haven, 106, 129.
Millefont, 196.
Miller, William, 242.
Milton, 193.
Mince, Captain, 229, 230, 237.
Minshewe, Captain, 235.
Mint, a, a regal ornament and pertinent to a
kingdom, 509.
Mint at Dublin, proposal to erect a, 508, 510.
Misset, Robert, 195.
.Richard, 194, 195.
Mitchell, F., see note, 222.
Mitchmoore, 195.
Mltton, 225.
Miz, John, 64.
Moaloe, 204.
Moallo, 399, 402, 428, 429, 430, 487, 494.
.letters dated at, 470, 474, 490, 494,
499.
Mocanke (?), 513.
Moclecre, 514.
Mocler, Edmond, 480.
, Geoffrey, 480.
Mocollop, 477.
Mocrompy, castle of, 512.
Modwrhte, Cahir, alias Cahir O'Kallahane,
204.
Mogelly, 477.
Mogheily, 307.
Moiry, Moyry, Moyrie, Moyrye, Moyrey,
Moyery, Morie, &c.,the, 113, 118, 136,
388, 395, 405, 455.
, the pass of the, 113, 115, 116, 233,
234.
Molinex, Mr., Chancellor of the Exchequer,
his death, 255.
Mollaghenonie, 480.
Mollingar, MoUengar, 184, 238, 240. 242, 317,
318.
certificate dated at, 121.
, gaol, 258.
Mollinmighan. 192.
Monaghan, Monachan, Moneghan, Monohon,
Monneghan, Monnoghan, Monoughan,
Monnogohan, &c., 92, 93, 107, 110, 115,
124, 131, 141, 142, 152, 156, 157, 162,
170, 201, 203, 230, 231, 233, 237, 521.
, number of forces in, 73.
, rebels of, afflict co. Cavan, 93.
, a report of the service done by Sir
Henry Bagenall in the relieving of, 110.
, the McMahounds of, 111.
, seneschal of, 155. See Captain Hen-
shawe.
, garrison of, 163, 164.
, abbey of, 216.
, burnt, 406.
, ward at, 522.
CO., 55, 162,299.
, seneschal of, 87. See Hen-
shawe.
... lands of Earl of Essex in, 57.
, said to have been invaded and
wasted by the traitors acting in concert
with the Earl of Tyrone, 99.
, sheriff of, 116. See McMahowne.
, composition of, 203.
Monaster-Orys, 191.
Monastereven, 495.
Moncute, Lord, his house at Cowdrye, 60.
Money, Moneys, Monies, 229, 230.
, camp at, 229, 230.
Money, its influence over the Irish character,
129.
, its commercial value regulating itself,
507.
and munitions, the very great want of,
18.
Monmelian, capture of, by King of France,
485.
Monohon, 110. See Monaghan.
Monsloy, Ja., 67.
Monsloye, 66.
Montfort, Francis, 123.
, .letter of, 123.
Montin, 351.
Mordant, Captain, 412.
More, Sir Edward, 80, 181, 232.
, Gerot, 139.
Henry, of Mellifont, 156.
, O'Sulevaine, 203.
GENERAL INDEX.
575
More, O'Swelen, alias Owen O'Swelewan, 68.
K., O'Swellen, 68.
Mores, the, 274.
, in Leix, 338.
Morestowne, 480.
Kirke,480.
Morgan, Mr., 150.
Sir Thomas, 241.
, Sir Matthew, 375, 376.
Morgyn, John, 1 60.
Morie, the pass of the, 118. See Moiry.
Morish, John, 68.
Morison, Sir Richard, 495.
Morleye, Lord, his son heir to the Baron of
Mountegle, 311.
Morohoes, 513.
Mortagh, Donell, 190.
Moon, the, one of the Queen's ships, 234.
Moone, 431.
Moore, the pursuivant, 255.
, Sir Edward, 25, 33, 100,150, 154,196,
223, 224, 231, 236, 245, 246, 248.
, , his eldest son Henry, 33.
, Garrett, 160, 244.
, Geralt, 134.
, Henry, 89.
Melcher, Melchior, 194, 195.
, Neale, 431.
, Onye, 404.
, O'Swillivant, 516.
.Patrick, 194,256.
, Sir Richard, 194.
, Sir Thomas, 192, 243.
Moores, the, 260, 298, 342, 432.
, , a proposal to remove them to a
foreign country, 506.
Mostian, Captain Hugh, 183, 187.
, Mr., 221.
Mostin, Captain Hugh, 114.
Mostion, Captain Hu., 128.
, W. 128.
Moston, Captain Hugh, 331.
, William, 331.
Mote, William, vice-constable, 87.
Mouncktone, 193.
MounstereTen, 243.
Mount Melion, 436.
Mountague, Montague, Captain, 235, 236, 237,
249, 250, 251, 253, 255, 256, 281.
, Captain Lieutenant-General, 280.
, Mr., 228, 229.
Mountegle, Baron of, Lord Morleye's son heir
to, 311.
Mountgarrett, Mountgarett, Montgarret, &c.,
Lord of, Viscount, 182, 190, 255, 303,
315, 346, 352, 383, 432.
, , pretends that he ought to be
Earl of Ormond, 383.
, his house called Ballinaggett, 384.
, , letter to, 183.
Mountgarrett, Lord of, his sons, 384.
, , Richard and Edward, 432.
, , his brother's sons, Richard,
James, and Edward, 298.
, , his son-in-law Peirse Butler, 1 83.
Mountjoy, Mountioye, Montjoye, Lord, K.G.,
Lord Deputy, Lord Deputy-General,
128, 355, 370, 371, 378, 397, 465, 483,
485, 486, 490, 491, 499; gee note, 365.
See Blunt.
, , instructions for, 356.
, his character, 371.
, , laws and orders of war esta-
blished for the good conduct of the
service in Ireland by, 502.
, letters of, 371, 376, 377, 378,
379, 384. 397, 403, 406, 422, 423, 439,
440, 441, 442, 462, 466, 494, 500.
.letters to, 371, 397, 456, 481,
483.
Mountstowne, 194.
Moy, Shane ne, 270.
Moyagher, 195.
Moyallo, 386, 430.
, letters dated at, 392, 430.
Moyassell, barony of, 192.
Moycarke, 71.
Moycarnan, 269.
Moycassell, 192.
, barony of, 192.
Moyfenragh, 195.
Moyglare, 195.
Moygoyse, barony of, 192.
Moygwynnye, 202.
Moylaghe, 195.
Moylaghoo, 195.
Moyle, Captain, 237, 388.
, Connor McShane, 332.
, Patrick McArte, 164, 299.
Moylehussey, 195.
Moymett, Moymet, 79, 194.
Moynealty, 194.
Moyrie, the, 136. See Moiry.
Moyrit, 191.
Moystion, Captain Hugh, 254.
, Rowland, 260.
Muchardroms, 195.
Muintir Vary, 352.
Mulchonery, Morrough O'Birne, 229.
Mallagha, 194.
Mullingar, 222.
Mully, Walter ne, 7.
Multifernan, 192.
Munings, Sir Edward, knighted by Lord De-
puty Russell, 229.
Munitions to be sent from England, 19.
and money, the very great want of, 18.
Munkton, 189.
576
GENERAL INDEX.
Minister, Monster, Mounster, Munstre, province
of, 3, 13, 14, 26, 27, 71, 86, 129, 130,
184, 196, 197, 198, 200, 206, 217, 218,
237, 238, 239, 258, 262, 270, 273, 285,
286, 287, 290, 299, 300, 301, 302, 307,
312,315,316,320,327,328, 335, 336,
337, 342, 345, 347, 355, 360. 361, 362,
365, 367, 369, 371, 372, 373, 374, 376,
379, 382, 385, 386, 395, 398, 399, 401,
402, 403, 404, 407, 408, 410, 415, 418,
420,421,422,424,437,438, 442, 443,
453, 454, 459, 460, 463, 466, 475, 477,
479, 482, 485, 489, 490, 491, 493, 495,
496, 497, 500, 501, 502, 515, 517.
, attorney of, 502.
, Commissaries for the musters in, 481.
Commissioners for, 103, 393,425,477.
See Wallop and Gardiner.
, , letters to, 355, 370, 372.
, Commissioners and Council of, letter
of, 363.
, Council of, 473.
, , letters of, 366, 385, 390, 391.
, , letter to, 398.
, , books of, 502.
, the Governor of, being unskilful in the
law, is a hindrance to justice, 210.
, Governor and Council of, 207.
.Chief Justice of, 209,210,392,418.
See Gold and Saxie.
.Second Justice of, 211, 502. See
Gold.
, President of, Lord President of, 113,
118, 176, 177, 183, 197, 203, 232, 286,
296, 301, 304, 305, 307, 316, 320, 321,
355, 361, 397, 422, 444, 456, 484, 502 ;
see note, 460. See Carew, Norris, and
President.
, , considers it expedient to grant
in his province a general pardon, 499.
, , letters to, 365, 373.
, President and Council of, 496.
, Lord President and Council of, letter
to, 500.
Vice-President of, 94, 104. See
Thomas Norris.
.., , to see that beacons are kept
along the sea-coasts, 127.
.., Spanish supplies necessary for, 3.
.., Undertakers in, an abstract or brief
particular of all the names of the Un-
dertakers, the several counties, the
quantity of their lands, and their yearly
rents, 61.
.., composition in lieu of cesse in, 63.
.., the several compositions in, 70.
.., pledges for, 94.
.., the escheated hinds in, 102.
.., instructions for the Commissioners
authorized by letters patent to make
grants to her subjects of lands in, es-
sheated by the rebellion of the Earl of
Desmond and others, 102.
Munster, no one to be an Undertaker in, unless
he has sufficient freehold in England or
Ireland on which a distress may be
levied, or procure sufficient bonds, 103.
commission to survey and divide the
escheated lands in, 104.
, books to be drawn up for disposing of
the escieated lands in, to the Under-
takers, 105.
, the Spaniards if they invade Ireland
will land in, 128, 129.
, the people of, Spanish in heart, Popish
in religion, and infinitely discontented
since the traitors' lands were divided
amongst the Undertakers, 129.
its climate and soil more fertile than
in Ulster, 129.
, goodly havens and prosperous towns
in, 129.
, the composition of Connaught greater
than that of, or of any other province,
176.
, a letter in Irish sent by the Clanshies
into, to stir up rebellion, 179.
, the disposition of the gentlemen of,
when Sir John Norris was Lord Presi-
dent, 203.
, all the English ready to forsake, on
account of its bad government, 205,
209.
, advertisements and petitions by Justice
Saxey for the furtherance of justice
and reformation of the government of,
addressed to Sir Thomas Egerton, Lord
Keeper of the Great Seal of England,
205.
, imperfect administration of the law in
206, 207.
, licenses to transport commodities pro-
hibited in, 210.
, its " religion choked in idolatry and
superstition," 211.
, rebellion in, 212, 367, 416.
, castles and lands belonging to Arch-
bishop of Cashell and his tenants lost in,
to be restored, 457.
, its defence from the invasion of
Spaniards, 236.
, the Undertakers in, have neglected the
habitation thereof with Englishmen,
and have made grants to the Irish, 268.
, pay of officers of, 289.
, Undertakers in, 295, 417.
, rebels of, 334, 414, 494.
, , the main strength of, 405.
is governed by a Commission to the
Provincial Council, 336.
, English subjects planted in, 360.
, a proclamation by the Lord Deputy
and Council to be published in, 369.
, Sir George Carew appointed to take
charge of the government of, 371.
, Spanish forces expected to land in,
427.
GENEARL INDEX.
577
Munster, wars in, 450.
, captains, 470.
, corporate towns in, 472.
, infested with buonaghes, 490.
, the anny in, contract between certain
of the Lords of the Council and John
Wood, of London, made at Whitehall,
for victualling, 494.
, pardons general and particular to be
passed under the Great Seal to all in,
499.
, a draft for a general pardon for, 501.
, Barretts' country in, 372.
.......... the McCarties of, 307.
, the Carties of, 426.
Murros (?), 190.
Muskeryquerck, Muskeryquircke, Muskeri-
curcke, 363, 487, 494.
Muskry, Muskrye, Muskrie, Muskery, Mus-
kerry, Muskerrye, Mouskry, 69, 299,
302, 306, 364, 385, 399, 427, 511, 513.
See Articles.
, Lord of, 203, 364, 367, 385, 427, 438,
443, 5 1 1 . See McDennot.
, , his lands and castles, 511, 512.
, a note of all the lands and castles in,
511,512.
, the septs of the freeholders in, 513.
, the Burkes of, 514.
, Old, 511.
, Clan Dermond, 512.
McDermond, a note of all the castles
and lands in, 512.
Muskryhry, improperly and usurpedly called
the Nether Ormond, 130.
Muster Master, 5, 49, 53, 127, 198, 213, 214,
218, 268, 291, 294. See Lane and
Williams.
, his duties, 91.
, warrant to, 49.
, letter to, 23.
Musterroon, definition of this exaction, 72.
Musters, commissaries for the, 335.
Mutiny of English soldiers in Ireland, 31.
Muyre, Morogh ne, 265.
Myaghe, G., 67.
, Warham, 69.
Myathlaght, Myalthagh, 351.
Mydlethird, Canfred of, 480.
Myltown, 270.
Mynne water, the, 299.
4 4
N.
Naal, Nal, the, 188, 193.
Naas, Nas, Nasse, the, 243, 253, 255, 257, 431,
433.
Nagle, James, 204.
Nangle, Edward, 64.
, Peter, 193.
, Richard, 192.
.Walter, 195.
Nantwich, 220.
Napper, Robert, 95,119, 120,132, 149, 154,
327, 378.
, Sir Robert, 235, 237, 244, 245, 246,
335.
, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 102.
, one of the Commissioners for granting
to Englishmen escheated lands of the
Earl of Desmond and others in Munster,
102.
, commission tp, 104.
, his lady, 246.
Narrow Acre, the, 133, 137.
Narrow Water, 144, 145, 298.
, , castle of the, 140.
Nashe, James, 65.
Navan, Novan, the, 128, 194, 227, 321, 330.
, Baron of the, 194.
Neale. See O'Neale.
, (Moore), an Irish fool attending on
Lord Deputy Mountjoy, 439.
Needham, Sir Robert, 222, 223, 239, 244, 248.
Neere and Brandon, two brothers, 299.
Neile, Richard, 77, 86.
Neland, Dr., his son committed, lately come
from Spain, 239.
Nenaghe, Castle and Abbey of, 513.
Nether Clandeboy, see Clandeboy, 73.
Ormond, see Ormond, 130.
Netterville, Nettervyle, Newterwille, Christo-
pher, 194.
, John, 194.
, Richard, 188, 194.
Newcaster, Plunket of, 195.
Newcastle, 193, 195, 225, 226, 248, 322.
, barony of, 188.
Newcome, 330.
Newcomen, Robert, 188.
Newenham, Lady, money lent by Sir George
Carew's mother to, 3.
Newgate, mutinous soldiers carried to, 33.
Newgent, Mr., see Nugent, 240, 251.
Newgents, the, see Nugents, 246, 258.
Newporte, Newport, 409, 436.
siege of, 436.
Newraff, 249.
Newry, Newrye, Newrie, the, 33, 57, 107, 109,
110, 113, 114, 115, 116, 121, 124, 128,
133, 136, 138, 140, 155, 160, 163, 196,
198, 201, 203, 216, 230, 231, 232, 233,
234, 235, 245, 252, 254, 271, 275, 283,
298, 360, 388, 395, 406, 431, 464, 475.
o o
578
GENERAL INDEX.
Newry, preyed and hurt by the arch traitor
Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 116.
, garrison at, 163.
, letters dated, 389.
Newston, 229, 251, 252, 253.
Newterville, Mr., see Nettenrille, 236.
Newton, 196.
New Town, the, 227.
Niselerathy, 323.
Nobber, 23C.
Noble, 50.
Noble, Mr., 229.
Noblemen, Sheriffs, and Justices of the Peace,
the sale of gunpowder restricted by
proclamation, to 120.
Noell, Captain, 234.
Noland, 165.
, Thadie, (Thady), the pursuivant, 239.
Nonesuch, Nonsuch, 419.
, Thomas, 422.
, the Council's letters dated, 5.
, the Court at, 5, 9, 422.
, letters dated at, 5, 9, 121, 124, 317,
320, 327, 420, 422, 425.
Norcotte, Philip, 365.
Nore, the river, 432.
Norfolk, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Ireland, 283.
Normanton, 193.
Norragh, 191.
Norris, Norries, Norreys, Norrys, 177, 210,
218,285,295,345,360.
, Captain William, 258, 311.
Sir Henry, Sir Harry, 113, 128,228,
229, 232, 234, 244, 245, 247, 249, 285,
295, 305, 332, 345, 360.
, Colonel General of the Infantry, 113.
Sir John, 86, 116, 118, 120, 121, 124,
132, 146, 149, 166, 196, 218, 230, 231,
232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 240, 245, 251,
254, 258, 269, 270, 274, 332, 335, 353,
520, 522.
, Lord President of Munster appointed
Lord General of the Wars with absolute
commission, 113.
., his troop the fairest and best armed,
117.
, the Lord General, 114, 124, 125, 127,
128, 133, 151, 161, 172, 173, 174 see
note, 176 see note, 185, 246, 254,
286.
t commission to, to be general of the
Queen's forces in Ulster for suppressing
the rebellion, 118.
, letter of, 183.
, letters to, 131, 186, 286.
, warrants by, 135, 165.
, Lord President of Munster, disposition
of the gentry of, during his Presidency,
203.
, the project for continuance of the war
by, 523.
, , knighted by the Lord Deputy
Russell, 244.
Norris, death of, 296.
, Thomas, Sir Thomas, Vice Presideut r
Lord President of Munster, 31, 33, 36,
61, 63, 66,67, 94, 95, 119, 128, 135,
205,206,209,210, 211, 212,217,221,
222, 224, 241, 248, 251, 304, 315, 316,
820, 384, 425, 449, 468, 476, 477, 500.
, Vice President of Munster, commis-
sion to, and others, to survey and divide
the escheated lands in Munster, 104.
, established Lord President of Munster
upon the death of his brother Sir John
Norris, 296.
, had been elected Lord Justice upon
the death of lord Bouroghe, discharged
from that office, 296.
, Lady, widow of Sir Thomas, 408, 425,
485, 486, 497.
, the Queen disapproves of young
Earl of Desmond aspiring to hand of,
485.
Cecil, complains of coldness of Sir
George Carew to, 486.
, the Queen "desires to gratify her
whose husband diM in her service," 497.
, , lieutenant, 252.
, Mr., 226, 229,370.
, Eo., 365, 410.
North Seas, the, country of the McSwines
upon, 288.
North, the, of Ireland, 10, 13, 126, 200, 201,
203, 205, 218, 227, 232, 234, 235, 244 y
269, 273, 275, 312, 313, 316, 342, 362 r
369, 373, 379, 400, 404, 405, 406, 423,
435, 439, 440, 441, 434, 488.
, , expedition into the, 118.
, , rebels in the, 94.
, ,Earl of Tyrone an absolute
commander in, 107.
, news of the Spaniards landing
in, with munition, 245.
, , all expeditions to, unsuccessful,
284.
, .journal of the proceedings of
the Earl of Essex, Lord Lieutenant in,
321.
, Lord, death of, 485.
Northern traitors, 345, 360.
, doing the Queen more service than
hurt, 368.
, rebels, 199,360.
, the best means of suppressing, 196.
, to be suppressed, 199.
journey, 430, 441.
..., borders, 431.
, service, 440.
, bonnaghts, 468.
Northampton, proportion of men to be raised
in the county of, for service in Ireland,
283.
Northumberland, Earl of, 409, 436.
Norton, Dudley, Mr., 40, 41, 44, 46, 225, 237
242, 250.
, Samuel, 253.
GENERAL INDEX.
579
Nott, Secretary of Earl of Tyrone, 147.
Nottingham, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Ireland, 283.
Nottingham, Earl of, Lord Admiral, 314, 355,
365, 393, 406, 407, 410, 446, 459, 470,
480, 482, 496, 501.
, , letter of, 362, 482.
No van, Navan, county of Meath, 194.
; Baron of the, 194.
Nuecastell-Maghenegan, 1 89.
Nuehowse, 196.
Nugent, Christopher, 192.
, Edward, 192.
, Richard, 192.
, William, 76, 79, 80, 84, 85, 86.
, a journal of the Commissioners' pro-
ceedings in the cause preferred by, for
her Majesty, against Sir Robert Dillon,
Knight, Chief Justice of the Court of
Common Pleas, 62.
, Baron of Skime, 193.
Nugent in command of foot under the Earl of
Tyrone, 287.
Nugents, the, 192, 260, 273, 298.
o.
Oage, Thomas, one of the rebels, 516.
Oare, a bridge to be built over river of, at
Watercastle, 505.
Oath of supremacy taken by Sir George Carew
when made a Privy Councillor of Ireland,
42.
Oatlands, Otelands, Otelandes, manor of, 60,
61.
, Court at, the Queen at, 60.
, .letters dated at, 41, 437, 442,
450,451,457,459,461.
O'Banne, Farrell, 241.
O'Bernes, the, 298.
O'Birne, Caire Glasse, 256.
, Conner, 240.
, Morrow Boy, 229.
Pheaghe McHugh, 277.
.., Turlagh, 257.
O'Birne, O'Byrne, 270.
O'Birnes, O'Byrnes, the, 217.
O'Birnes' country, the, 226, 251, 257.
O'Boyle's country, 299.
O'Breyn, Teig, 444.
O'Brien, O'Bryen, 349.
O'Brien, Lord of Insequiu, 269.
, Maghon, 104.
of Tomond, 513.
O'Briens, the, 300, 513.
of Arloghe, 514.
Ocaham, 521.
Ocahan, 74, 75, 172, 200. 202.
, Hisson, 172.
O'Callaghan, O'Calloughan, O'Kallaghan, 69,
385, 450.
, Conoghor, 69.
O'Callaghans, 385.
O'Cane, 34, 287.
O'Carroll, O'Carrell, Sir Charles, 119, 130,
239, 242, 248, 416.
, .letter of, 130.
O'Carrolls, the, 298, 416.
O'Carroll's country, 471.
Occane, 466.
O'Chalchane's country, 69.
O'Coffies, the, 218.
O'Connogher Sligogh, Sir Donnel, 112.
O'Connolan, the parson, 157.
, the parson of, 157.
O'Conor, O'Connor, O'Conner, 169.
, Cahir McDermond, 104.
, Callough, 265.
, Con MacDwaltogh, 270.
.Derby, 446.
, Dermond, 443,461, 516.
, Dennott, Dermot, 401, 410,418, 427.
441, 451, 491.
, , his wife, 462.
, , brother-in-law to the young Earl
of Desmond, 490.
, , the Queen's allowance to his
widow, Lady Margaret, 498.
, Donnoghe McCale Age, 153, 158.
, Don, 270.
, Dun, Dunne, or Dun O'Connor, 7,
112, 168,319.
, , the sept of, 160.
, Dualtaghe, 7.
, Kerry, 412.
.John, 401.
, Sligo, Sligoe, 28, 112, 317, 318, 349,
492.
O'Connors, O'Conners, the, 94, 217, 239, 273,
298, 342.
O'Crole otherwise Crole Tege, 64.
O'Crowlye, 352.
O'Cullan, O'Cullen, Piers, 123.
O'Dallies, Rimers, 513.
O'Dally, 352.
Odder, letter dated at, 16.
O'Dempsie, Glashane, 298.
, Lisaghe, 298.
, Tirence, Sir Terence, 191, 395.
O'Dempsies, the, 273, 298.
Oder, Nicholas Draycot of, 193.
Odiham, letter dated at, 00.
O O 2
580
GENERAL INDEX.
O'Dogherty, O'Douphertie, O'Doughertye,
O'Doharty, O'Dohortye, Doortery,
Doortry, 162, 287.
, Chief Lord of Innishe Owen, 200.
, Queen Elizabeth's sense of justice
towards, 295.
banished out of his country, and his
castles taken, 466.
SirJobn,28, 92, 134, 139,161, 165i
282, 299, 395.
O'Donaghes, the two, 472.
O'Done's country, 91.
O'Donevan, 352, 385.
O'Donevans, the, 352.
O'Donins (Chroniclers), 513.
O'Donnell, O'Donell, O'Donil, &c., 73, 74, 89,
90, 92,93,96, 97, 98, 99, 101, 102, 108
111, 117, 118, 121, 122, 123, 127, 131,
134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 142, 143,
144, 146, 147, 153, 163, 165, 166, 172,
178, 179, 182, 196, 197, 200, 216* 217,
219, 232, 233, 239, 241, 244, 254, 269,
270, 271, 272, 279, 282, 287, 288, 295
tee note, 299, 314, 325, 336, 337, 338,
341, 342, 348, 349, 357, 368, 435, 466,
491,492, 515,521,522.
, the chieftain of Tireconnell, 111.
, a journal of the late journey by Lord
Deputy Russell, against the arch traitor
Tyrone, and, 113.
instructions delivered to Sir Henry
Wallop and Sir Richard Gardner by
the Lord Deputy and Council, to treat
with the Earl of Tyrone and, 132.
, demands made by, and the Earl of
Tyrone brought by Philip Hore, who
had been sent by the Commissioners to
him, 133.
, imprisonment of, 142.
, his insolent demands, 145.
, letters of, 146, 147.
, his immoderate demands contrary to
his former submission, 148.
......., refused to be bribed by Sir Turlaghe
Lenaghe O'Neale to join in the rebel-
lion of the Earl of Desmond, 152.
, his petitions, 153.
..., rebellion of, 287.
, report of his being slain inConnaught
368.
, has preyed Thomond and Connaught,
406.
Callough, 152.
, Conn, 200.
, Jonocke, 7.
Hugh, 134, 138, 168, 169, 171, 177,
179.
.Hugh, Hugh Roe, Sir Hugh, 48, 75,
112, 124, 154, 158, 159, 172.
the great traitor, in combination with
Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 122.
O'Donnell, his letter to Don John Delaguila,
requesting the aid of the King of Spain
to re-establish the Catholic religion in
Ireland, and to secure the country for
that King, 122, 123.
led into rebellion by the bad usage of
Sir John Perrot towards him, 125.
, submission of, 125.
.protection for, during his conference
with the Commissioners, 140.
, articles between him and the Commis-
sioners Wallop and Gardiner, 149.
his predecessors were always faithful
subjects, 152.
, the answers of the Commissioners to
the demands of, 154.
articles propounded by the Commis-
sioners to, 161.
, required to renounce all superiority
and aid of foreign powers, and chiefly
the Spaniard, 161.
, his answer to the articles of the Com-
missioners, 161.
, instructions for such of her Majesty's
Council as shall be deputed by the Lord
Deputy and Council to meet the two
rebels, the Earl of Tyrone and, 167.
, Queen Elizabeth's answers to the
petitions of, 168.
, , letters of, 140, 150, 160.
, his grievances, 152.
, Hugh McHugh Dufle, 200.
, , his escape, 219, 220.
, Hugh, the base son of Callough
O'Donnell, 152.
, Shane, 75.
O'Donnell's country, called Tirconnell, 106,
129, 299.
composition due in, 202.
O'Donnowan, Mr., 514.
, his daughter, 514.
O'Donologhe. See note, 282.
O'Dowde, David, chief of his name, 7.
O'Dowds, the, 271.
O'Donoughes, O'Donnoghes, the, 298, 517.
O'Donny, Diermott, 514.
O'Donnylly, Shane, 150.
O'Doody, McLamaghe, 300.
O'Dorney, Maghery, 506.
O'Dowyre, John, 481.
O'Doyn's country, 191.
O'Drischall, Oge, 351.
, More, 351.
O'Drischall lands, 351.
O'Driscoll, Dermod, 64.
, Dermod McTeige, 64.
, Phenen, 64.
O'Driskoll's country, 364.
O'Duire, descended from the O'Briens, 513.
O'Dyre's country, 368.
O'Eowter, Murtough, 229.
O'Fallon, Redmond, 270.
O'Farrell, O'Farroll, Bane, 29.
GENERAL INDEX.
581
O'Farrell, Boye, 29.
, Feaghney, Faghney, Faghny.Feighny,
29.
, Phergus, 241.
O'Farrells, O'Farrolls, 246, 248.
.soldiers required to defend the Pale
from the daily incursions and spoils
made by, 28.
} difficulties arising from the non-enroll-
ment of the indenture between Sir
Henry Sydney and the, 29.
O'Ferall, O'Ferrall, Fergus, 82, 83. See note
240.
, Bane, 260.
, Rowrye, 77, 78.
Offaly. See Ophaly.
Offerbuye, Barony of. See Articles, 67.
Office, no man to hold any office of her Ma-
jesty " before he be first sworn to the
supremacy, and come to hear service
and sermons according to her Majesty's
injunctions," 505.
Offices, foul abuses by selling of, 219.
Officers of the army, pay of, 288.
O'Flamergen, 300.
O'Flanygan, 270.
O'Flartie, O'Flahertie, O'Flahargtie ; see -note,
239.
, Brien Echowley Howley, 270.
, Hugh Duff, 270.
, Hugh Duffe McMoroghe, 7.
, Mathew, 270,
, Sir Morogh ne Doe, Knight, chief of
his name, 7, 270.
, Morogh MacTeig, 270.
, Roger, 270.
, Rury Sheog, 270.
O'Flarties, articles of peace between the Burkes
and the, 7.
, the, 217, 270.
O'Flime, Awlie, 64.
O'Flyn, 300.
O'Foxes, the, 298.
O'Galchoule, Dean, called also Dean of Gal-
choule, 152, 153.
, his son, 152. 153.
O'Garry, 300.
Oge, Oage, Bary, 300.
, Bryan McHugh, Lord of the Dartry,
13.
, Connock, 202, 203.
, Edmund of the Grange, 68.
, Henry, Sir Henry, 102, 299.
t his country, 299.
, James, 440.
, Morrough McTege, 246.
, Morough, 207.
Rory, 94, 237, 265.
, Shane, 506.
Teig,204.
, Thomas ; see FitzGerald, 203, 207,
300, 515.
Oge, Thomas, constable of Castle Maigne,
473.
Ogg, Redman, 227.
Ogge, Shaan McDermond, 228.
O'Gonaghes, McBreene, 67.
O'Gonough, McBryan, 400.
O'Goormelahane, Barony of, see Articles, 63.
O'Guyn, 38.
O'Gwyns, the, 124.
O'Hagan, O'Haggan, 98, 102, 117, 287; see
note, 323.
, standard-bearer for Ulster, during the
battle between Lord Deputy Russell
and the Earl of Tyrone, 117.
, Art, Arte, 38, 97, 150, 160.
, Art Bradaghe, 98.
, Cormagh, 287.
, Donagh, 101.
, Donough Rerogh, 126.
McFerdarragh, 126.
, McMelaghlin McBrian Roy, 126.
, Neale, 102.
Turlogh, son of Art, 97.
, Tyrlagh Boy, 102.
O'Hagans, the, 99, 124, 522.
O'Hagan's country, 299.
O'Hanland's country, called Orier, 93.
O'Hanlen, Sir Thomas, 28.
O'Hanlens, the, 28.
O'Hanley, O'Hanly, 270, 300.
, Dermot O'Conner, 239.
O'Hanleye's country, 34.
O'Hanlon, O'Hanlen, O'Hanlan, 216, 233, 287,
349.
, Phelim, Phelimye, 151, 181.
O'Hanlon's country, 87.
O'Hanloyne, 133.
O'Harryes, the, 217.
O'Hary Boy, 300.
O'Hart, McDonoghe, 300.
O'Harte*, the, 217.
O'Hea otherwise O'Hee, Teige, 64.
O'Healies, 513.
O'Heare, 300.
O'Herlies, 513.
O'Hialyhy, 511.
O'Hiffernane, Conogher, 480.
O'Hogans, 92.
O'Hon, O'Hone, Art, in the gaol in Tipperary,
50.
, , hanged at Carlo, 51.
O'Kallaghan ; see O'Callaghan, 69.
O'Kallaghane Cahir, otherwise Cahir Modurhte,
204.
O'Kallahau, 299.
O'Kelly, O'Kelley, 300.
, Connor NyGarr, 270.
, Donell, 270.
, Donogh Baccho, 270.
, Edmond,270.
, Feagh McMelaghlen, 270.
4 4 *
582
GENERAL INDEX.
O'Kelly, Feriogh McHugh, 269.
, Kedogh, 27.
.Trig, 270.
O'Kellies, O'Kellyes, the, 93, 217, 272.
, the country of, 196.
O'Kennedie, Buan Oge, 297, 299.
, Conner, 259.
, Hugh, 297, 299.
O'Kennedies, the three, 299, 513.
O'Eef, O'Kiffe, O'Kfe, otherwise O'Kyfe, 69,
299, 385.
.Art, 69.
O'Kiffe's country, 69.
O'Kirke's country, 69.
Old Castle, 195.
Old Courte, 249.
OldMuskrye, 511.
Old, Robert, 332.
Oldrifleete, 216.
Olderfleete, 271.
, bay of. 281.
, castle of, 93.
Oldsworth, Oldisworth, Mr., 220, 241.
Oleghan, 104.
O'Lery, O'Lerye, O'Lerie, otherwise O'Lory,
62,511,512.
Art, 69.
O'Leries, the, 513.
O'Levies otherwise Aulyves, surgeons, 513.
O'Longe, 513.
O'Madden, 112,243.
, Cloghan, castle of, 171.
O'Maddin, Owen, 300.
OTtfagher, O'Meagher, 513.
Conogher, 480.
, Donoghe, 480.
, Hugh, 480.
Philip, 480.
O'Magher's country in Ormond, 438.
O'Maghlins, 373.
O'Mahon, O'Mahoun, O'Mahun, Carbry, 352,
385, 472.
Fen, his lands and tenants within the
country of Ivaghe, 514.
, Fun, 352, 385.
O'Mahons, 512.
O'Mallaughlins, the, 218.
O*Mallow, 287.
O'Mallowes, the, 218.
O'Marj, 297.
O*Maughers, tne, 470.
O'Mayle, DoneU, 265.
Robert, 7.
Tegkoe, 7.
O*Melaughlin, 260.
O'Molaghlin, country of, the Barony of Clon-
lonnan so called, 193.
O'Molaghlins, O'Mollaghlins, the, 193, 298.
O'Moloy, O'Moloye, O'Moloie, 28, 104, 242.
, Conell, 192.
, Hugh, 238.
, Tege, 242.
, , his country, 242.
.O'Moloies, the, 242, 278, 299.
O*More, O'Moore, Breon Reoghe, Bryan Reaghe,
218, 273.
, Gorg, 245.
, McRorie, 298.
, McShane, 432.
, Wony,
O'Mores, O'Moores, the, 94, 182, 217, 243,
273.
the, in Leax, Leix, 127, 311.
O'Morowe, Edmond, 190.
, his country, 190.
O'Moylen, James, 395.
O'Mulryan, O'Mulrian, Cahir McShane Glasse,
299.
Connour, 67.
, Donoghe McShaneglasse, 514.
, Owney, 487, 513.
O'Mulryans, the, 299, 400, 513.
O'Mulryan's country, called Wony-Mulrian,
130.
O'Murrihie, 352.
Onaught, the Burkes of, 514.
O'Neyle, the signature of Hugh Earl of Tyrone,
122, 123.
O'Neale, O'Neyle, O'Neele, O'Neill, O'Nell, &c.,
80, 179, 202,236, 287, 297, 298,299,
362, 368 ; see also Tyrone, 365.
, the name and title of, to be renounced
by, 34, 38, 164, 173.
, the Earl, desires to be called, " a name
more in price to him than to be intituled
Csesar," 107.
,.., the reasons of Hugh Earl of Tyrone
for assuming the name of, 125.
, by assuming the title of, the Earl of
Tyrone acted contrary to Act of Par-
liament, 163.
, Sir Arthur to be created Earl of
Tyrone, 409.
, the, malice and controversy between,
and the Earl of Tyrone, about certain
lands, 2.
u , his father-in-law ; see Hugh McGenis,
299.
,_-,...., his sons, 327.
, Arthur, Sir Arthur, Art, son of Turlogh
Lenagh O'Neale, 24, 102, 108, 162,
164, 201, 282, 287, 389, 395, 396, 404,
435, 450.
son of the late O'Neale, 201.
. , Queen Elizabeth's sense of justice
towards, 295.
, his country called Sleighe Art, 299 r .
, yields himself without capitulations to
her Majesty, 406.
~. , called " Queen Elizabeth's Earl," in
derision by Tyrone, 450.
GENERAL INDEX.
583
O'Neale, Brian, son of Shane O'Neale, 94.
, Con, " son of the traitor Shane," 94,
111,287,297,298.
, , letters to, 296, 297.
, , indenture between, and the
Archbishop of Cashel, 297.
.. , Con, the base son of the Earl of
Tyrone, 324.
^ Con McTyrlagh, 101.
, Connace, created by Henry the VIII.
Earl of Tyrone, 108.
, Cormack McBrian, 134.
, Cormagh, 287.
, Ferdoroghe, 75.
the Great, 111.
Henry, H., 94, 138.
, Henry Oge, 74, 94, 98, 134, 139.
, , his son, 98.
, Hugh, Hu, 134.
, Hugh, son of Mathew Ferdarrocke
O'Neale, commonly called the Great
O'Neale in Tyrone, created Earl of
Tyrone by Queen Elizabeth, 111.
, styled Earl of Tyrone, Baron Dungan-
non, Captain General of the Catholic
army in Ireland ; see Tyrone, Earl of,
523.
, Hugh Oge, 98.
, Hugh Oge McBryan, 112.
, Hugh Oge McHugh McPhelim, 112.
Joan, 236.
, John, 287.
, , Mathew Ferdarrocke, 111.
, McCon Boye, 98.
, Neale McBrien Erlagh, 134.
, Phelim, 98.
, Phelomy, 287.
, Shane, Shan, 94, 98, 107, 111, 124,
134, 152, 162, 278.
, "The traitor," 2.
, his son Con O'Neale, 2.
, his three sons Henry, Con, and Brian,
94, 105, 168, 172.
, his sons rebellions, 13.
, one of his sons hanged by the Earl of
Tyrone, 111,124,521.
, called also Shane McBrian, 155.
, his son Hugh Cayvoloughe, 197.
, his four sons prisoners of the Earl of
Tyrone, 201.
, to be set at liberty by the Earl of
Tyrone, 521.
, Shane McBrian, 134.
, Tirlagh, Tyrlagh, Turlagh, Lenagh,
Lennoghe, 33, 34, 37, 56, 111, 124,
152, 232, 287.
, the Earl of Tyrone offers to put in
sureties to observe the peace between
him and, 33.
, his son Art, Arthur; see Sir Arthur,
34, 92, 162.
O'Neale, to put in pledges for his loyalty, and
to keep the peace with the Earl of
Tyrone and all his country, 39.
, controversy between him and the
Earl of Tyrone, 55, 56, 57.
, articles of agreement indented between
them before Sir William Fitz Williams
and the Council at Dundalke, 73.
, Queen Elizabeth instructs William
Russell, 73.
, his son Cormock, 92.
, sought by bribery to induce O'Donnett
to join in the rebellion of the Earl of
Desmond, 152.
, his death, 163.
, Tirlogh McHenry, 134.
O'Neales, the, 197, 216, 272, 273, 464.
, of Tyrone, 521.
O'Neal-ship, 327.
Ongestone, 194.
O'Nolane, Turlagh, 229.
Onye, 287.
Ophaly, Ophally, Ofayly, Offalie, OffiUy, Ofaly,
128, 197, 273, 215, 316, 338, 345, 422,
423, 435, 495.
, otherwise the King's county, 191.
, commander of the forces in, pay of,
290.
.., the government of, 506*.
O'Quin, 98.
, his son Patrick, 97.
Neale, 287.
O'Quine, Tierlogh, 172.
O'Quinne's country, 299.
Orders, religious, not to be maintained by the
Earl of Tyrone unless they conform to
the religion now established, 38.
Ordnance, the, 5, 22.
, clerk of the, 13, 14.
Ordnance, Master, Mastership, or Lieutenant of
the, 1, 5, 6, 11, 16, 21, 23, 32, 43, 44,
45, 55, 56, 218, 291, 305, 334, 362,
372 ; see Sir William Stanley, Mr.,
Sir Jaques Wingfield, and Sir George
Carew.
Master of the, and the Marshal, for-
merly relieved by cesse when they had
Irish pay, 43.
, Sir George Carew petitions to have
the appointment of the officers of the,
52.
, Sir George Carew petitions that the
clerks, gunners, and artificers attending
the office of the, should be efficient
men, 52.
.letter to Sir George Carew as lieu-
tenant of the, 291.
Orell, see note, 440.
OHelie, O'Rely, Key lie, Orreillie, 133, 142,
147, 160, 168, 172,389.
, , his imprisonment, 142.
, bonds for his appearance, 147.
his country, 505.
Cahir, 112.
584
GENERAL INDEX.
OHelie, Edmond, 112, 299.
.'.Hugh, 112,423.
.John, Sir John, 28, 112, 113, 139,
223.
, Molmorie, 112, 257.
, Philip, 134, 136, 139, 141, U4, 146,
165,236,241,299.
, his wife Maguire's sister, 236.
O'ReilK'vs. Reilies, Reylies, the, 112, 168, 231,
241.
soldiers required to defend the Pale
from the daily incursions and spoils
made by, 28.
O'Reyllies, the, in the county of Cavan, 216.
Orerye, 613.
Orier, O'Hanland's country so called, 93.
Origan, barony of, 191.
Orire, number of forces in, 73.
Ormond, Ormonde, country of, loose vagabonds
of, 47 1,493.
.Earl of, 71, 95, 109, 119, 120,130,
131, 183, 190, 204, 209, 221, 225, 226,
227, 236, 237, 241, 242, 248, 249, 250,
252. 253, 255, 256, 258, 259, 282, 283,
290, 291, 299, 302, 305, 310, 315, 329,
335, 336, 339, 340, 341, 342, 346, 348,
349, 361, 367, 368, 370, 379, 380, 381,
382, 384, 389, 392, 395, 404, 431, 432,
439, 440, 442, 465, 471, 476, 484, 487,
489, 490, 494, 495, 513.
, Thomas Earl of, and Osserie, 62, 71,
95.
, offers made by the Lord Deputy and
Council to, touching composition for
cesse in county of Tipperary, 70.
.......... escheats ip county of Tipperary sued
for by, 103.
, a tiuf note of certain territories sub-
tracted and concealed by the Earl of, from
her Majesty, alleging them to be within
his County Palatine of Tipperary, 130.
, derivation of his name from " Uncoyn"
its signification, 130.
, his chief manor in Carlo county called
Bavelly, 190.
, generally resides in his castle of Kil-
kenny, 190.
, his nephew James Butler, 257.
, Lord Lieutenant General. General of
the army, Lord General, 274, 278, 282.
.., petition of the Earl of Tyrone to, 274.
.......... articles prescribed by, to the Earl of
Tyrone, 275.
, answers of the Earl of Tyrone to, 276.
, his proceedings stated by Queen Eliza-
beth to show judgment and affection
to her service, 277.
, letters to, 277, 284.
, heads of matters to be urged by, to
Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 278.
, Lieutenant of the army, 285, 290.
, Thomas Bulter Earl of, made Lieu-
tenant General and Captain of the army,
296.
Ormond, Viscount MountGarret pretends that
he ought to be the, 383.
his powerful but bad influence over
the rebels, 386.
, his base son, 432.
, , his lands, 513.
, Lord of, 236, 368, 493, 494.
, the disorders in his County Palatine,
493.
, Countess of, Lady, 378, 382, 383, 389.
herdeath, 478.
, , her daughter, 378, 382, 383.
the White Earl of, 513.
Ormond the Nether, called Muskrybyry, 130.
Ormond, Lower, barony of, 513.
, Upper, barony of, 513.
Orrerie, country, of in the county of Cork ; see
articles, 63.
O'Roughan, Sir Denis, priest, arguments
gathered from the relations of, touching
the complicity of Sir Robert Dillon,
Sir Lucas Dillon, and Christopher
Brown with O'Rwarche in his late re-
bellion, 25, 30, 80, 84, 86.
O'Rourk, O'Rowrk, O'Rowrke, O'Rorcke,
O'Rorke, O'Rorrk, O'Rurke,
O'Rwaircke, &c., 3, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80,
81, 85,90, 107,124, 144, 147,159, 161,
162, 168, 171, 232, 260, 270, 271 ; see
note, 295, 313, 349, 521.
, Brian, Brien, Brian Oge, Sir Brian,
called O'Rourke, 28, 76, 77, 96, 112,
133, 160, 179, 271.
, "in his beggarly fashion a proud
prince stands upon great terms," 13.
.......... expected to return to Conn aught with
Scots to disturb that province, 45, 46.
, Sir R. Dillon, Sir L. Dillon, and
Christopher Brown supposed accom-
plices in his late rebellion, 84.
, the disturber of Connaught, 93.
the traitor, 111.
, his son, 111.
, desires repossession of his lands
spiritual and temporal, 279.
, a note of his demands, 279.
, his country called Letrym, 269, 300.
Teig,271.
O'Rourkes, the, 216.
O'Rowley, 472.
, Osberston, 191.
O'Sheneghan, Morys, 470.
O'Shyren, Tirlagh, 514.
Ossory, Ossery, 432, 439, 477.
Ossory men, 471.
O'Sulevan, O'Sullevant, O'Sonlevan, O'Swele-
wan, O'Swelen, 443.
, Beare, 300.
, Dermod, 68.
More, Moore, 426, 441, 443, 451.
, Owen, otherwise O'Swilevan, Beery,
68,69,441.
O'Sulevans, the two, 385, 472, 517.
GENERAL INDEX.
585
O'Toole, Dermot, 237.
, Cahir Glasse, 251.
, Sir Owen, Knight, 89, 153.
, Phelim, 257.
, Kice, 127.
O'Tooles, the, 217.
OTrewair, Carbro, Carbrye, 84, 86.
Ottoman, race of, the character of the govern-
ment of the Irish lords similar to that
of the, 106.
Ovington, Henry, 143, 324.
Out Isles, 2, 107.
Out Islanders, 56.
Owhny, cantred of, 400.
Owney, abbey of, 513.
Owney, O'Mulrian, barony of, 513.
Owyn, 324.
Oxford, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Ireland, 283.
Oyster dredges, 8.
P.
Pace, Richard Bremigham of, -193.
, the, the house of Sir John Tirrell, chief
oftheTirrells, 192.
Painstone, 194.
Palatine, county, 119.
, petition by Hugh Earl of Tyrone to
make Tyrone a county, 274.
, county of Tipperary, 487.
disorders in County Palantine of, see
Earl of Ormond, 493.
Pale, the English Pale, 33, 37, 38, 45, 115, 118,
146, 184, 187,200,218,219,260,261,
262, 263, 265, 276, 277, 285, 322, 348,
404, 406, 435, 465, 475, 506.
, gentlemen of the, their loyalty, 18.
, necessity of maintaining soldiers in, to
defend it from the daily incursions and
spoils of the O'Reylies, O'Farrells, Mc-
Gwires, and others, 28.
farmers of the, 40.
, the best means for the defence of the,
52.
, the inhabitants of, insolent from the
forbearance of Lord Deputy Fitz Wil-
liam, 58.
, soldiers sent to the Breny to defend
the, 146.
...., amount of the composition of the, in
lieu of cesse, 290.
Pale, laxity in the, regarding the spread of
Popery, see Parishes, 293.
arms, orders regarding the, 503.
, no Irishman to serve in any company
except those of the, because of the
general revolt, 366.
, amount of the revenue in, from com-
position in lieu of cesse, 520.
Palfreman, 60.
Palfrie, Donaldus, 69.
Palmer, Pallmer, Henry, Sir Henry, 2, 355.
Panistone, 194.
Pannier, the, at Coventry, 220.
Papists, the, 18, 106,481.
Parcel, Baron of Loughmay, 513.
Parcell, William, 370.
Pardon, draft of a general pardon for the pro
vince of Minister, 501.
, those to whom it was not to be
granted, 502.
Parishes without incumbents or teachers in the
English Pale, from the general indiffe-
rence and laxity regarding the toleration
and spread of Popery, 293.
Parker, Captain, 128, 235, 236, 332.
, John, 332.
, Sir Nicholas, 320, 422.
Parkins, Perkins, Perkings, Henry, 42, 44.
, Mrs., 47, 83, 110.
, , supplicates that the sequestration
granted to Sir George Carew as Master
of the Ordnance may be withdrawn.
47.
, , found, on examination of her
late husband's accounts, that Sir George
Carew was satisfied, same withdrawn
accordingly, 47.
Parliament, Acts of, 163,274.
, Hugh Earl of Tyrone acted contrary
to the, in assuming the title of O'Neyle,
163.
Patent Roll of Ireland, 45.
Patentees, Queen Elizabeth disapproves of the
non-residence of the, on their estates,
268.
Pattinson, Ralphe, 68.
Paulett, Sir Anthony, 437.
Payton, Andrew, 42.
Pearce Carew's servant, 59.
Peasantry to be respected by the soldiers,
175. .
Pelham, Sir William, see note, 132.
Penmen Mawre, 221.
Pensions, regulations regarding, 214.
Pensioners, 214,329.
to be called out to perform duty if
required, 91.
pay of, 290.
Pen ten ie, Penteny, Edward, 193.
, Robert, 193.
Feppard, at Glascarrig, county of Wexford,
190.
586
.GENERAL INDEX.
Percy, Percie, Perci, Captain, Mr., Colonel,
188, 234, 241, 249, 257, 280.
Sir Charles, 280, 303, 304, 465, 495.
Perrot, Perrott, Perot, Perott, Parrot, &c., Sir
John, 6, 14, 19, 24, 26, 29, 42, 43, 45,
49, 52, 54, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 88, 164,
522.
, , Deputy, Lord Deputy, 21, 152,
449.
, , one of the Privy Council, 25.
..,.....'., , specially trusted by Queen
Elizabeth, 5.
, "some of the warrants of, coun-
terfeited*, 25.
, , his reasons to move the Privy
Council to cut away the captainries and
tanistships used among the mere Irishry
to the end that the seignories of the
Irish lords should descend from father
to son, according to the common laws
of England, 27.
, , has undone and discredited Sir
Robert Dillon with the Queen and
Council, 82.
, , commission to, 104.
, , his ill usage of Hugh O'Donnell,
leading the latter to rebellion, 125.
, , letters of, 13.
, , letters to, 5, 13, 18.
.......... Sir Thomas, 21, 42, 44, 53.
Petits, Petitts, the, 192.
Pettit, Captain, 128.
-Peyton, auditor, 49.
Phifould, Mr., 228.
Philip ni Mary, deed of entail of the first and
second year of, 517.
Philip II. of Spain, letter of, to the Earl of
Tyrone, promising support to the rebels
in Ireland, 145.
Philips, Phillips, Captain, 355, 440, 441, 442,
466.
, Mr., secretary to the Lord of Buck-
hurst, 231.
Philips Toun, 192, 242, 243.
Forhat, 243, 505.
Philpotstowne, 194.^
Phippes, Patrick, 193.
Phyton, Phytton, Edward, 474, 476, 487.
Picardy, disarmed companies out of, 354.
Piers, of Triscornagh, 192.
, John Oge, 67.
Pierstone, 194.
Pigott, Piggott, Captain, 234, 235.
Pigotts at Dysart, Queen's county, otherwise
Leiz, 191.
Pilline, Thomas, 480.
Pilsworth, Mr., 244.
Pirates, fear of, 12.
Pius Quintus, oath taken upon, 399.
Plainstone, 1 94.
Flatten, 193.
Plowlands held by sorohen, 65.
Plumber, pay of a, 52.
riunket, Plunkett, Plunckett, Mr., Captain,
157, 194, 195, 196, 223, 235, 241.
, Alexander, 195.
Christopher, 188, 195.
, Ellen, 193.
, Edward, 195.
.Garret, 195.
Gerret, Gerrot, 188, 195.
, John, 193.
.Oliver, 195.
, Richard, 194, 195.
, Thomas, 193, 194, 195.
Plymouth, Plymmothe, 281, 283, 320.
, the expedition to Cadiz sails from,
178.
Poble Tymolin, '91.
! Polliston, 190.
I Pontale, port of, captured, 178.
Poolye, Captain, 311.
Poore. See Power.
Pooren, Pouren, country, see Articles, 68.
Pope, the, 353, 410, 436.
the authorities to respect and support
the religion established in Ireland by-
law, and to restrain others from defec-
tion, especially from adherence to the,
90.
, , his excommunication of all not
joining in the struggle for the main-
tenance of the Catholic religion, 362.
, his influence over the Irish
rebels, 454.
, , a proposal by the Earl of
Tyrone to send to, for an excommuni-
cation of all who do not rebel, 515.
, , toleration of, the Earl of Essex
supposes to be one of the charges
against himself, 517.
, pretended usurpation of, " to the
rule of a King of the Irish nation, or to
divide it between two of their nation,"
521.
, the corruption in religion by
favouring of, 316.
Popengaye, Popingay, the, one of the Queen's
ships, 2, 11, 107,234.
, , her Captain, Thornton, 2.
Popham, John, Sir John, Lord Chief Justice,
392,393,480, 501.
, , letter of, 392.
Popish priest, monk, or friar, the Earl of
Tyrone promises not to willingly re-
ceive or maintain any, 35.
Porter, Walter, 193.
Portnehinsh, a bridge to be built at, 505.
Portugalls, 7.
Possickstone, Possickstoun, 194, 195.
Povy, Patrick, 192.
Powder and munition, to deprive the rebels of,
proclamation to be made against trans-
porting any into Ireland on pain of
forfeiting ship and fine and imprison-
ment, 334.
GENERAL INDEX.
587
Powder sold, pledged, or exchanged by cap-
tains, 335.
Powder, arms, or munition, restrictions as to
merchants selling, 365.
Power, Poore, Powre, 409, 419, 461.
, Sir Henry, 311, 336, 365, 366, 370,
380, 386, 389, 407, 411, 423, 425, 439,
441, 442, 465, 490, 495.
, , commission to, 327.
, , appointed Goyemor of Leixe,
440.
, Edmond, 70.
, John, 410, 430, 433, 439, 498.
,Lord, 308,385.
, Richard, 68, 297, 384, 429.
William, Captain William, 61,449.
Powers, the, 514.
Poyney, Patrick, 233.
Pratt, Mr., 238.
Prayer, morning and evening, to be diligently
frequented, see Army orders, 502.
Prendergast, Pundergast, James, 480.
, John, 480.
, Richard, 480.
Robert, 480.
, Thomas, 480.
, Walter, 480.
Prendergasts, the, 514.
Prerogative Court, 3.
President, President of Munster, see Carew,
176, 193, 195,244,246,301,306,307,
321, 353, 361, 364, 380, 381, 382, 383,
384, 385, 386, 390, 391, 442, 448, 459,
460, 467, 473, 483, 484, 496, 499, 502.
See Munster
, his stipend, 289.
, President of the Council in Munster,
286.
, President Norm, 315.
, President and Council, 474, 492, 499.
Price, Pryce, Pryse, Captain, 226, 229,453,
460, 474, 477, 479.
, , his character, 447.
Primate, the, 228, 236.
^, , death of,eee John Ha vey, Arch-
bishop of Armagh, 228.
Privy Council, 21, 25, 26,, 27, 30, 41, 51, 55,
62, 68, 75, 77, 8S, 100, 106, 271, 291,
319, 336, 340, 369, 874, 377. See note,
393, 477, 480. See notes, 197, 198.
, liters of, 121, 181, 355, 365,
, 370, 372, 373, 376, 384, 392, 393, 396,
397, 398,, 403, 407, 410, 417, 424, 425,
433, 449, 453, 456, 457, 461, 470, 478,
479, 481, 482, 483, 486, 490, 500.
...,~~.~...., letters to, 312, 380, 385, 390,
391,392, 399, 410,415,416,425,433,
434, 437, 469, 498.
, Lords of the, 290, 422, 423, 424,
428, 429, 434, 435, 438, 449, 484, 488,
491, 492, 495.
Privy Council, members' of, 407.
, articles agreed to before the, by
the Earl of Tyrone, for the better settling
and confirming of his country, 37.
, petition of Sir William Russell,
Lord Deputy to, 184.
, petition of Andrew Barret to, 3 7 2.
, petition of Morish Shighane of
Cork, to, 448.
, petition to, 477.
, instructions for victualling the
army in Munster by, 495.
Privy Seals, 329.
Proclaimed traitors, 35, 38.
the Earl of Tyrone promises not to
willingly receive any, 35.
Proclamation against the Earl of Tyrone and
his confederates, 111.
by the Lord Deputy and Council for
restraining the carriage of corn, beef,
and other necessaries out of Ireland,
120.
to merchants, &c. regarding the sale of
powder, &c., 390.
Protfort, John, 194.
Protfortstone, 194.
Prountford, 194.
Provost, Provost Marshall, 127. See Rice Ap
Hugh, 196, 232, 255, 281, 328. See
John Ball, 332, 504.
letter to, 187.
pay of, 289.
Puble I Chalchane, otherwise called the
barony of Dowally, see Articles, 69.
Puble O'Kiffe, see Articles, 69.
Puckering, Puckeringe, John, Sir John, Lord
Keeper, 170, 245.
, , death of, 245.
Purcell, Mr., 190.
, James, 68.
, Ralph, Baron of Loughmey, 299.
, Richard, 480.
Thomas, 480.
Purcells, the, 471.
Pursuivant, the, see Nolan, 50, 63.
the Queen's, 232.
Pyne, Pine, Henry, Mr., 307, 396, 476, 478,
480, 486, 498, 499.
, his petition to the Privy Council, 477.
Pypho, Robert, 189.
588
GENERAL INDEX.
Quareles, Qnarreles, Jonas, 5, 6.
Quartermasters, 264.
Queen's Bench, Court of, Chief Justice of, see
Sir Robert Gardner, 102.
Queen's County, otherwise Leyx, Leix, 191,
196,217,264, 298,352.
, sheriff of, 95.
, Lieutenant of, see Sir Wafham St.
Leger, 289.
.journey of the Lord Deputy into, 430.
Queen's ships, if they carefully keep the coasts,
victory over the Spaniards certain, 16.
Queen's writts and processes not current in
certain seigniories of the Irish lords,
28.
Quin, Oge, 287.
Quoder, Thomas, 332.
Radcliffe, Sir Alexander, 305, 311.
Radrome, 248.
Rafarnarn, 246, 247.
Kaffin, 194.
Rahine, 480.
Raleigh, Ralighe, Ralegh, Raleghe, Rawlie,
Rawleighe, Rawley, Sir Walter, 11, 12,
40, 58, 70, 288, 307,407, 409, -11 9, 429,
447.
, , letters of, 14, 15.
, , letters to, 20, 36.
, , his cousin, Sir George Carew,
14.
, , value and quantity of lands of,
as one of the Undertakers in Waterford
county, 61.
, , engaged in the Warspright, on
the expedition to CalLs (Cadiz), 178.
, , his lands adjoining the White
White Knight's country, 429.
, , a suitor for the captainship of
the Isle of Jersey, 437.
, , in Jersey, 446.
, , Sir Robert Cecil's high opinion
of, 448.
, , his lands adjoining Dromfynyn,
487.
Italy hon, 192.
Ramyskiddy, 66.
Randallstone, 195.
Randon, 299.
Ranelagh, the, 182,273.
, letter dated at, 182.
Rasthane, 252.
Rathallrone, 194.
Rathangan, 191.
Rathbryde, 191.
Rathclare, 196.
Rathcoffy, 191.
Rathcon, 194.
Rathcoured, barony of, called the Daltons'
country, 192.
Rathcredant, 189.
Rathdowne, barony of, 189.
Rathdrome, 249, 253, 258, 259, 290.
camp, 250.
, fort at, 252.
Rathdron, 197.
Rathharry, 513.
Rathekeney, Kathkennye, 194, 506.
Rathenuskie, 480.
Rathesker, 196.
Rathenelowre, 480.
Kathfeigh, 194.
Rathmacgelduld, 242.
Rathmore, Rathmoore, 191, 195.
, a castle so called, 413.
, castle and lands of county of Limerick,
449.
Rath O'Kellie, 480.
Rathoode, 194.
Rathowthe, 193.
Rathowyne, a castle belonging to the Bishop
of Kerry, so called, 425.
Rath-Reynolds, 194.
Rathtaine, 194.
Rathwire, 192.
Raughlins, the,
Ravelly, the Earl of Ormond's chief manor iit
Carlow county, 190.
Rawson, John, 215.
Raynie Hill otherwise Knockfarren, 233.
Raynalds, John, 192.
Rea, James, 234, 235.
Read, Richard, 193.
Reagh, Brian, 257.
, Walter, 94, 109, 226, 227, 228.
Rebellion in Ulster, 199.
Rebels in Leinster, the main strength of, 405.
, their mode of life, 490.
Receiver-general of the revenues in Ireland,
291, 292.
Recorder, the, of Dublin, 223.
Reerton, Daniel, 227.
Refection, definition of, 72.
Refiners of powder, 52.
Register, the, see Mr. Heathe, 3.
Relies, the, 260.
Religion, the Earl of Tyrone forbidden to
maintain any monk, friar, nun, or priest
that should not conform to the estab-
lished, 38.
GENERAL INDEX.
589
Religion, the Qneen expresses her opinion
to Sir George Carew, that she did not
dislike the government of Lord Deputy
Fitz William, but that she feared he was
too forward in dealing with matters of,
58.
, the established, by law, to be respected
and supported by those in authority,
who are to restrain others from defec-
tion, and especially from adherence to
the Pope, 90.
, liberty of, one of the demand* of the
rebels, 144.
in Munster, " chocked in idolatry and
supersti don," 211.
unsettled state of, 213.
, the corruption of, by favouring Po-
pery, 316.
, liberty of, Queen Elizabeth's antipathy
to, 349.
, no severity or violence to be used
regarding, till the Government should
be better established, 355.
, Catholic, the deep attachment of the
Irish to, 458.
its influence over the Irish, 471.
Religions feeling in Ireland, state of, 387, 388.
grievances at Waterford, 469, 470.
Relye, Philip, see O'Relie, Philip, 143.
Rents, " names of, in money, victuals, and other
revenues, as 'were due to the late Earl
of Desmond, and of the customs and
exactions used to be taken upon the
tenants," 71.
Reogh, Reoghe, Donnio, 230, 231.
T , hanged, drawn, and quartered
for treason, 231.
, Edinond, 229.
, Gauld, 229.
, Walter, see Reaghe, Walter, 95, 225,
226, 228.
Reservations to the Crown upon receipt of
surrenders and other compositions and
agreements, 112.
Revenue ; a note of the revenues in Ireland,
520.
Reynolds, Carewe, 311.
Khahin, 191.
Rice, Ryce, John, 204.
Richard, 204.
, Stephen, 68.
Richard II., King, 66.
, , statute passed in reign of, "that
no man shall be justice of assize or gaol
delivery in his own country," 211.
Richard, Captain, foster-brother of the Earl of
Tyrone, 87.
Richardson, Mr., a chaplain, 222, 228, 237.
Richmond, 313.
, Court at, 341, 367, 376.
, army regulations dated at, 289.
, instructions dated at, 167, 292.
Richmond, letters dated at, 100, 101, 132, 167,
290, 292, 341, 345, 348, 355, 356, 365,
367, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 376, 377,
378, 470, 477, 479.
, licence dated at, 295.
Riggs, Captain, 234.
Ring's End, the, 255.
Riordens, the, in Muskrie, 513.
Rirragus, P. H., 63.
Risserd, William, 64.
Roan, in barony of Dunboyne, county of
Meath, 193.
Robert, William, 160.
Roberts, Captain, 245.
Robertstone, 194.
Robertstoun, 322.
Robins, Arthur, 61.
Robinson, George, 64.
Robinstone, 195.
Rocester's Ward, 222.
Roche, Roch, Roach, Roache, the, 34.
, Captain, an Irishman by birth, who
had long served the French King, 310.
, David Fitz William, 64.
, Davye, called Lord Roche, 516.
, Edmond FitzMorris, 64.
, Eu, 68.
, John, son and heir of Philip Roche,
of Kinsale, 104.
, Jordan, 14, 67.
, , mayor of Limerick, 19.
, Miles, 204.
, Morris, 204.
, Philip, 69, 104.
, Richard William McTybbot, of
Willliam McTybbot, of Balleholy, 66.
, Lord, the, 239, 299, 363, 364, 385,
439,479,516.
, , his attorney, 479.
, , his country called Fermoye, see
Articles, 66.
, , his country, 305, 364.
, , his base sons and others become
Robin Hoods, 273.
, , letter to, 363.
Viscount, 217.
Rochfort, John, 194.
, Robert, 194, 195.
Roe, Captain, 465.
Roe, Ro, Connor, O'Connor, 92, 98, 239, 270.
Roe, Tome, 229.
Roes, the McDermott, 270.
Rogers, Goldwell, Colonel, 224, 254.
Rogerstonne, 193.
Rolls, Master of the, see Sir Anthony St Leger
and Sir Nicholas White, 102, 293.
? f an Englishman appointed to
hold this office on account of the par-
tiality of Irish judges, 90, 91.
Rome, brief of Pope Pius V. dated at, 9.
, Bishop of, the ordinary minister of
King of Spain, 97.
590
GENERAL INDEX.
Koine, bull of indulgence by Pope Cle-
ment VIII. to the Irish rebels, dated
at, 523.
Komish Church, the Earl of Tyrone belongs to,
105.
priests, powerful influence of, 388.
Honey, Captain William, 332.
Rooe, Henry, 194.
Roold, John, 64.
Boscommon, Roscomon, Roscomen, 196, 216,
217,222, 279,300,318.
state of, 269.
Roskragh, 232.
Roskrey, castle of, 513.
Rossebaune, 230.
Rossmyne, 194.
Rossnanenieirie, 614.
Ross, Rosse, 224, 253, 255, 308.
, Bishop of, 352.
, Bishop of Cork and, see William Lyon,
365.
, the name of Bishop of, usurped by
Owen McKeggen, 514.
Roth, 190.
Roth, of Roth, 190.
Rourkes, Rowrckes, the, 217, 240.
Rout, Rowte, the, 10, 93, 133, 181, 216, 287,
288, 299.
number offerees in the, 73.
Rowe, Simon, 193.
Rowstowne, Richard Reade of, 193, 194.
Rupe et Fermoye, M. de, 66.
Rushe, Captain Anthony, 465.
Russell, Bartholomew, 189.
, Captain, 184, 228, 237, 244, 249, 255.
Christopher, 188.
, Francis, Mr., son to Sir William Rus-
sell, Lord Deputy, 223,
, James, 65.
, Richard, 188.
, Thomas, 193.
, William, Sir William, Lord Deputy,
Lord, Lord General, 95, 99, 113, 119,
120, 132, 146, 149, 151, 154, 185, 186,
187, 268, 271, 288, 316, 319, 521.
, , appointed Deputy, 90.
, , Queen Elizabeth's instructions
to, 90, 91, 92.
, , a summary collection of the
state of Ireland delivered to, by Lord
Deputy FitzWilliam and Council, 92.
, , the submission of Hugh Earl of
Tyrone delivered to him and the
Council in Dublin, 95.
, , his diary, see notes, 112, 171.
, , a journal of his late journey
against the arch-traitor Tyrone and
O'Donnell, 113.
, his petition to the Privy Coun-
cil, 184.
Russell, William, orders made by him as Lord
Deputy and the Council, to be observed
in the English Pale against the abuses
and extortions of the soldiers, 174.
, , journal of, 220.
, , his journey to Ballenecor, 226.
, , his journey into Coshau and
Sheelela, 228.
, ," a project by, for the' impeaching
of the Spaniards' landing, expected in
August 1599," 319.
, , chosen and admitted to be one
of the guild and burgesses of the town
and county of Southampton, 320.
, , his government of Ireland, 369.
, , letters of, 138, 144, 1S2, 183,
187.
, .letters to, 101, 121, 123, 125,
131, 136, 140, 141, 166, 176, 179, 183.
, , Lady, 220, 221, 223, 231, 234,
235, 244, 246, 248.
, , , with Lord Russell hunting
the wolf, 245.
, , , with Lady Bourcher,
" rode a hawking," 248.
Rutland, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Ireland, 283.
, Earl of, 409, 436.
Ryane, William, 480.
Ryenes, the, in the county of Cork, 449.
Rykenmore, 188.
s.
Sack, a beverage of, with liquorice and aniseeds
for the soldiers, 455.
Sadgrave, Patrick, 82.
Salamanca, Irish seminary of, 251.
Sale, Richard, 193.
Salestowne, 193.
Salisburie, Sir Kobert, 232.
Saluzzo, Saluse, marquisate of, the French
King goes to Lyons to receive from the
Duke of Savoy the restitution of the,
410, 436.
Sampson, Christopher, attorney of Sir War-
ham St. Leger, 449.
San Albrino, Cardinal of, 410.
Sanky, Nicholas, 191.
Sarsfield, James, 64, 191.
, Sir William, 188, 191.
GENERAL INDEX.
591
Savage, Savadge, Savedge, Sir Arthur, 317,
336, 495.
, , instructions for, 318.
, , governor of Thomond and
Connaught, 400, 490.
Savedge, Lord, 93.
Savoy, 436, 446, 485.
, the war of, 476.
, Duke of, 419, 436, 446.
, the French King goes to receive
from, the restitution of the Marquisate
of Saluzzo, 410.
, the, Cecil dates his letters from his
lodging near, 463, 464.
Say, Thomas, 61.
Saxie, Saxey, Sax, Mr., Mr. Justice, Chief
Justice of Munster, 204, see note 205,
see note 212, 386, 390, 392, 466.
, , "Advertisement and petitions
by, for the furtherance of justice and
reformation of the government of the
province of Munster, addressed to Sir
Thomas Egerton, Lord Keeper of the
Great Seal of England, 205.
, instructions by the Earl of
Essex for, 320.
, , his character, 392.
Scobe, the sons of Redmond Boork so called,
270.
Scotland, 12, 196, 197, 272, 348,436.
, Main of, 107.
, King of, 197, 375, 436.
, ,aid not to be given to or received
from, by the Earl of Tyrone, 34.
, expected to assist the Earl of
Tyrone and Spain aga'nst the English,
105.
, the two great Lords of Kantyre in;
see Angus McDonnell and McAlane,
272.
, , maintains the Irish rebels with
powder, munition, and implements of
war, 353.
, , the league between Queen
Elizabeth and the, to be respected, 375.
Scots, the, 11,34, 91,99,107,152,196, 197,
235, 242, 243, 247, 272, 288.
, , King of the, 10, 56, 58.
, , a member of theCarew family a
pensioner of, 46.
, , O'Neale sends into the Out Isles
for, 2.
, , expected by the Earl of Tyrone
to assist him, 2.
, , Earl of Tyrone promises not to
aid the, or receive aid from the, with-
out license of the governor, 34, 38.
, , disturbances in Connaught under
Sir R. Bingham's government from the
expected return of O'Rwrke into his
country with forces of, 45, 46.
, Queen Elizabeth instructs Sir
William Russell to inquire as to the
disposition of the, having possessions in
the north of Ulster, 90.
j Scots, the, the arrival, of, at Tyre-Connell
94.
, , to be expelled, 96.
, , expulsed, 96.
> , not to reside in districts belong-
ing to certain rebels, 124.
i ....... the common landing place of
the, invading Ireland, 1 28.
, , the endurance of, superior to that
of the Irish, 128, 129.
, , to be discharged by Hugh Earl
of Tyrone, 162.
, , the national character of, con-
sidered superior to that of otfcer nations,
197.
-, , the advantages of having an army
of, established in Ulster to suppress the
rebels, 197.
., English of Urwin and Ayre,
200.
, ,news of their landing at and prey-
ing Kerifergus (Carrickfergus), 221.
, , landing of, at Copland Island,
234.
, , have kept their promise to leave
Ireland without doing hurt, 237.
, , and all hired strangers to be
sent out of Ireland by Hugh Earl of
Tyrone, 278.
, , naked with bows, 287.
, , ships and men for the defence of
the sea-coast against, 288.
, , a general covenant to be made
by the rebels that none of, shall be en-
tertained, 522.
Scottish men of war, none to be entertained by
Hugh O'Donnell without license, 161.
galleys trading with or bringing relief
to the rebels to be captured, 375.
islands yield men and provisions, 523.
Scrine, Skrine, Baron of, see William Nugent,
193.
Scurlock, Scurlocke, Aristotle, 189.
, Martin, 189.
.Walter, 195.
Seal, the fees of, to be remitted or moderated
in the granting of pardons, special or
general, to the inhabitants of Munster,
499.
Seaton, 188.
Second Justice of Munster, 502. See Munster.
Secretaries, Secretary for England, for Ireland,
see Cecil, Fenton, and Herbert, 177,
204, 205, 300, 343, 346, 347, 379, 406,
409, 423, 433, 453.
Sedgrave, Walter, 188.
William, 188.
, Baron, 193.
Seigniories of the Irish lords described, 27.
Selchod, 480.
Selenger. See St. Leger.
Seneschalships, impolicy of Sir H. Sidney's
law regarding, 28.
Seneschal, the, 216, 476.
592
GENERAL INDEX.
Sequestration. See Parkins.
Serjeant-at-Arms proclaiming the traitors at
Dundalk, 232.
Serjeant, the, 224.
Serjeant-Major, 241, 242, 246, 247, see
Chichester, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252,
253, 254, 255, 256, 281. See Colonel
Cunie. 302, 305. 310, 311, 388, 405,
411. See Captain Flower.
Serjeant's Inn, letter dated at, 392.
Seville, river of, in Spain, news of great disas-
ters caused by the overflowing of, 241.
Sexton, Stephen S., 67, 492.
Shanavoyghe, 352.
Shandon, near Cork, letter dated at, 388.
Shandon Castle, letters dated at, 387, 391,
392.
Shane, Shanne, Francis, 192, 193, 235, 240,
241.
Shanekillie, the sept of Shanganagh, 189.
Shannon, Shenon, the river of, 130, 242, 243,
341, 368, 412, 413, 414, 415, 469.
Shea, servant of Sir Lucas Dillon, 82.
Sheberre, an English barony near the Slane,
190.
Shee, Mary Ny or Mary McShee, servant of
Countess of Desmond, 491, 492.
Richard, Sir Richard, 189, 190, 228.
Sheelela, 228.
Sheffilld, Sheffield, Captain, Henry, Mr., 51,
54, 56, 59, 258, 389.
Shellton, Shelton, Mr., 30, 51, 53, 54.
, Thomas, 515.
Shelmalen, an English barony near the Slane,
190.
Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, and noblemen,
sale of gunpowder restricted to, by pro-
clamation, 120.
letter of Sir William FitzWilliam,
Lord Deputy, to, 1 .
.. , bad character of, 219.
Sheriff's officers, duties of, 207.
Sherlock, James, 68.
Sherlocke, Patrick, 480.
, Paul, 370.
Sheryffe, Sheryff, John, 3.
Shian, see Nicholas Barry, 63.
Shighane Morish, Shigan Morris, of Cork, his
petition to the Privy Council, 448, 449.
Shortall, 190,
Shouer, Shoewer, river, see Suir, 304, 368.
Shraghe, Shraughe, articles made at Limerick,
regarding, see Articles, 64.
, definition of, 71.
Shrowle, 270.
Shyan, 191.
Sidney, Sydney, Sir Henry, Lord Deputy, 28,
516.
, , the difficulties arising from the
non-enrolment of the indenture between
the O'Farrells and him, 2, 29, 201.
, his law regarding captaiuries
and seneschalships impolitic, 28.
Signet, the Queen's, 120, 124, 167, 178.
Sillauchie, 300.
Sixtus V., Pope, brief from, empowering
Dermond McCraghe, Bishop of Cork,
in his diocese to absolve all ecclesias-
tical persons who, although holding
their benefices by lawful title, have un-
duly received ecclesiastical revenues,
and to compound for restitution to the
churches from which derived, and also
to grant dispensations in cases of mar-
riages within the published degrees of
consangunity, 9.
Skarl, the, 203.
Skeynes, 381.
Skoabe, Redmond ne, uncle of the Earl of
Clanrickard, 300.
Skrene, letter dated at, 125.
Skyddye, 25, 27.
Skypper, 153.
Slane, Slanye, river, 190, 194.
, Lord of, 95.
Baron of, 194, 236.
Slany, Lord of, 228, 241.
Sleighe Art, the country of Sir Arthur O'Neale
so called, 299.
Slemarge, 153.
Slemargh, barony of, 191.
Slevarght, 229.
Slevardagh, 71, 480.
Slevershees, lands of, 75.
Slewardie, barony of, 513.
Slewright, John, 64.
Slighlogher, Slenghlogher, mountain of, 411,
425.
Sligo, Sligoe, Slego, 146, 154, 161, 162, 168,
169,216,279, 300, 318.
, Castle of, 161, 232.
, .destroyed by Hugh O'Donnell,
161.
, , to be re-edified by him, 161.
, county of, 217.
, country of, 153.
, claimed by Hugh O'Donnell, 162.
, state of, 271.
Sligo, O'Connor, 247.
Sluce, 436.
Slugh Cloghroe, one of the septs of the Carties,
512.
Slugh Decane, another sept of the Carties, 512.
Slugh Twonedromm, another sept of the Car-
ties, 512.
Slught Corckey, 352.
Cormocke NyKyllie, 352.
Donoghe, 351.
Enesles McCrowin, 352.
Glasse, 352.
Owen, 351.
Teg O'Maghonie, 351.
Slutt, the, 93.
Smerweeke, reported landing of Spaniards at,
24.
GENERAL INDEX.
Smith, Smithe, Smythe, Captain, Mr., 189,
221, 224, 237, 391, 395, 408, 454, 457.
, Mathew, servant to the Marshal, 3.1.
, Nathaniel, sheriff of Dublin, 127.
, Thomas, 457.
Smythstone, 194.
Soldiers, the, mutinous from their wages and |
victuals remaining unpaid, the Lord j
Deputy and Council assembled at Dub-
lin Castle to consider the case of, 31.
, mutiny of, in Ireland, 31.
, mutiny of, at Dublin, account of, 32,
33, 35, 36, 37, 40.
, the cause of their mutiny, 36.
, " the travel and hard diet they endure
passeth all the soldiers in Europe," 36.
,, a grand jury of, 157.
, orders to be observed in the English
Pale against the abuses and extortions
of, 174.
, the English Pale and the countries
greatly impoverished by the extortions
of the, 176.
, the oppressions of the peasantry by,
261, 262, 263, 264.
, neglect of uniformity of discipline in,
285.
, the quantity of rations of, on flesh and
fish days, 177, 178.
, as to their conduct, to be under disci-
pline, 282.
, their pitiful sufferings from Irish ague
and flux, 334.
use English stockings, may have Irish
frize stockings and Irish brogues for
much less, 334.
, arms of, 334, 335.
often sell and pledge their arms, 335.
diet of, 369.
, sums demanded by corporate towns
and baronies for, 369.
, "daily infinitely decay," 391.
, regulations regarding, in the city of
Cork, 394.
, stricter regulations respecting, 453.
, a beverage made of sack, liquorice,
and aniseed for, 455.
the ill effects of idleness upon, 45G.
complaints of the victuals supplied to,
in Ireland, 494.
Solevan, Donell, 64.
Solicitor, Mr., General, Queen's, see Wilbra-
ham, 15, 46, 102, 157, 224, 300.
Sollis, O'Toole, 229.
Sorleboy, see Surleboy, 10.
Sorohen, Sorren, plowlands held by, 65, 72.
, definition of, 72.
Souer, see river Suir, 305.
South Wales, 424.
Southampton, town and county of, Sir William
Russell chosen and admitted to be one
of the guild and burgesses of the, 320.
4 5
Southampton, Earl of, Lori of, 305, 310, 31 1 ,
314, 316, 318, 320, 323, 324, 388, 405,
519.
, , his appointment to be General
of the Horse disapproved of, 313.
Southe otherwise Tallagh, definition of, 72.
Southwell, Sir Robert, engaged iu the expedi-
tion to Cadiz, 178.
, William, 396.
Sowe, an engine for sapping fortifications so
called, 427.
Spackman, 237.
Spain, 48, 57, 86, 121, 129, 140. 179, 184, 196,
204, 239, 241, 244, 245, 255, 257,
268, 324, 335, 347, 3S9, 420, 436, 437,
445, 451, 458, 467, 472, 476, 483, 490.
, news of preparations in, for foreign
invasion, 24.
, invasion by, dreaded, 51.
, combination of, with Earl of Tyrone
suspected, 105.
, enmity of, to Queen Elizabeth, 111.
, nature of the aid likely to be afforded
by, 129.
, resources of, in assisting Hugh. Earl
of Tyrone and his rebellion, 129.
, Englishmen sent from, in redemption
of Spanish prisoners, 254.
,..., war between England and, 319.
maintains the rebels with powder,
munition, and implements of war, 353.
, its support of the Irish rebels, 391.
, the rebels in their own opinion stand
secure of relief from, 415.
resolved to go into, if necessary,
" hoping from thence to obtain aids to
infest this country with a new war,"
415.
, prospects of a war between Frane*-
and, 419, 446.
, trade of, with Ireland, 470.
, trade of, with Ireland tends to keep
alive the religious sympathies and
grievances of the Catholics, 458, 459.
, war of, with France, 485.
Florence McCartie promises to go to.
if necessary, to procure foreign aid,
514.
, King of, 117, 126, 145, 163, 217, 245.
246, 340, 347, 353, 458, 468, 515, 516.
t , rumours respecting the invasion
of Ireland by, 16.
, , his disposition for his govern-
ments after his death, 56.
, , the Bishop of Rome his ordinary
minister, 97.
, letter of Earl of Tyrone and
O'Donnel to, intercepted, 122.
, , Hugh Earl of Tyrone and otli'jr
Irish traitors request the aid of, not
only to re-establish the Catholic reli-
gion, but also to secure the country for,
122, 123.
, , Earl of Tyrone required to re-
nounce all aid from, 132.
P P
594
GENERAL INDEX.
Spain, King of, aid of, to be renounced by
Hugh O'Donnell, 161.
, , Hugh Earl of Tyrone required
to declare his suspected transactions
with, 173.
, , letters to the, 269, 349.
, , the Earl of Tyrone promises to
break off all communication with, 485.
, , prudence of the, 387.
, , more respected in Ireland than
Queen Elizabeth, 432.
, , communications of the rebels
with, 515.
Spaniagh, Spania Donell, Donill, Spaniolde
Donell, Spannio Donnio, the traitor,
229, 253, 308, 309, 311, 333, 352, 379,
404, 431,432,439,440.
Spaniards, 7, 10, 26,36, 114, 129, 130, 184,
237, 246, 255, 387, 437, 446, 467, 515.
, landing of the, daily expected, 17.
, daily alarms of their landing, 18, 22,
54, 59.
, a report of their landing at Smer-
weeke, 24.
, overcome at Tire-Connell, 87, 89.
, means of avoiding the landing of, on
the coast of Tyre-Council, 125.
, if they invade Ireland, will land in
Munster, 128.
, all conveniences at Waterford for,
129.
, all assistance from, to be renounced by
the Earl of Tyrone, 163.
, reports regarding their invasion un-
certain, 177.
,.., their co-operation with the rebels to
be cut off, 200.
, fear of an invasion by, revived, 218.
, the defence of Munster against the
invasion of, 236.
, exchange of prisoners between the
English and, 244.
news of their having won Callis,
(Calais), 245.
, news of their landing in the North with
munition, 245.
, tempestuous weather prevents the
coming of, to Ireland, 253.
, Hugh Earl of Tyrone to renounce all
dealings with, 278.
, project of Sir William Russeil to im-
peach their landing, 319.
, invasion by, again expected by the
rebels. 386.
, dread of their assisting the Irish
rebels, 404.
too much taken up with the prospect of
a war with France to assist the rebels,
419.
report of arrival of fleet of the, in
O'Donnell's country, 435.
, desire of the, to possess Ireland, 450.
, Earl of Tyrone daily expected inva-
sion of Spaniards both in England and
Ireland, 515.
Spanish fleet, 7, 11.
, , expected from the Indies, 50.
, , attack made on, at Cadiz, 178.
, , a, wrecked about Cape Finister,
184.
Spanish ordnance lost on the coast of Ulster
to be recovered, 1 1 .
Spanish invasion, the fear of, would unsettle
the country, 40.
, in case of, its cost, 51.
, , Queen Elizabeth complains of the
heavy charge of the army required to
be in readiness against, 58.
, , letter of Sir George Carew to
Lord Deputy Fitz Williams in reference
thereto, 58.
, sympathies general in every town and
village in Ireland, 106.
practices, Hugh Earl of Tyrone's
knowledge of, 121.
and Scottish aid, Earl of Tyrone sus-
pected of receiving, 128.
, necessity of defeating the hopes of
the rebels respecting aid from, 201.
, combination with the arch traitor
Hugh Earl of Tyrone, 286.
priest calling himself Archbishop of
Dublin, 389.
forces, expected landing of, in Mun-
ster, 427.
Sparke, Mr. John, 193, 253.
Spencer, Spenser, Edmond, 61.
, James, 395, 405, 406, 481, 499.
, , his character, 498.
Spiritual lands, when called Termond lands,
the English holding such to surrender
their patents, 170.
, , the Irish rebels desirous of re-
possessing the, 170.
Sragh, Sraghe, 67, 68, 70.
, baronies and lands chargeable with,
67.
Stack, Morrice, Moris, 203, 204, 427.
Stacks, the, 203.
Stafford, Sir Edward, 422.
, ,, his lady, 422.
, Francis, Captain, Mr., Sir Francis,
136, 138, 140, 144, 185, 235, 245, 287,
288, 371, 376, 397, 422, 465.
Stak, Gerott Dufe, 68.
Stalorgan, 189.
Stanhope, John, Sir John, cousin of Sir
George Carew, 409.
, , letters of, 4, 376.
, , letter to, 1.
Stanley, 165, 196.
, Sir Edward, 255.
, Richard, 193, 196.
, Sir William, Sir George Carew to be
admitted to the masetership of the
Ordnance, vacant by the attainder and
conviction of, 9, 105.
the Pursuivant, 136, 145, (146, 148,
256.
GENERAL INDEX.
595
Stanley, John, 479.
Stanton, Captain, 235, 236,
Stanyhurst, James, 188.
Staples, Jasper, 194.
Stapleton, Edmond, 480.
Patrick, 480.
, Thomas FitzRichard, 480.
Stapletons, the, 514.
Star Chamber, 224, 231, 258.
Staralan, 194.
State, licence from, to use force, 75.
State, Christian, its duty regarding the re-
ligious teaching of its people, 349.
States of the United Provinces, 433.
, a great pique between Count Maurice
and the, 436.
States, army of the, in Flanders, 436.
Stephenson, Edward, 68.
, Oliver, 4!3.
Stephenstone, 194.
Stevinstone, 196.
St. Albans, 220.
St. George's Channel full of shoals, considered
dangerous, 26, 105, 129.
St. Gile's in the Fields, letter dated at, 55.
St John, Sir Oliver, 475, 483.
St. Johnstone, 436.
St. Lawrence, Sir Christopher, 229, 230, 254,
304, 323, 378, 383, 384, 431, 432, 439,
465, 495, 519.
St. Leger. Sent Leger, Sellenger, Shelynger,
&c., Anthony, Sir Anthony, 88, 89, 94,
95, 104, 118, 119, 120, 126, 146, 149,
175, 185, 187, 237, 238, 244, 245, 248,
253, 256, 327, 335, 370, 371, 378.
, , Master of the Rolls, 102, 300.
, , one of ihe commissioners for
granting to Englishmen the eechoated
lands of Earl ot Desmond and others in
Munster, 102.
, Warham, Sir Warham, 33, 60, 61,
128, 145, 148, 191, 224, 243, 253, 254,
255, 302, 305, 324, 335, 336, 364, 365,
366, 367, 370, 374, 395, 449.
, , lieutenant of the Queen's county,
pay of, 289.
, , commission to, 327.
, , letter to, 365.
, Lady, his widow, 374, 417, 433.
, , her petition, 417.
Captain, agent for the Earl of Essex,
137. :
St. Mallowe, in Brittany, 438.
St. Mary's Abbey, 259, 260.
St. Nicholas' Church, 7.
St. Nicholas' Street at Dublin, Sir Lucas
Dillon's house in, 82.
St. Olstan, 230.
St. Omer, 485.
St. Patrick's Church, Dublin, 257, 260.
, the Commissioners sat in, to
examine the charge against Sir Robert
Dillon, 62.
St. Wolstan's, 191.
Stone, 220.
Stonnybridge, 308.
Stonton, Captain, 128.
Stonystratford, 220.
Stokes, 194.
Strabane, 74, 172, 396, 405, 435.
, town and lands of, 74.
, house of, 288.
, castle of, 124.
, letter dated at, 179.
Stradoally, barony of, 191, 433.
Stradbery, 243.
Strange, Straunge, Sir Thomas, 8.
,Lady, 238,240.
Strangford, 196.
Stra abridge, Mr., 248.
Street, Streete, Captain, Henry, 128, 221,
225, 226, 227, 229, 230, 231, 246, 249,
255, 256.
Strowbridge, Hugh, 157.
Suck, the river, 269, 270.
Suffolk, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Irelaad, 283.
Sugans, Auncyent, 497.
Suir river, Shoure, Showre, &c., 301, 304, 305,
368.
Sunnagh, 192.
Suppell, Supell, Edmond, 70.
.Philip, 65.
Supremacy, oath of, 42.
, no man to hold any office before
he had first sworn to the, 505.
Surleboy, the Scot, 10, 12, 93, 242.
, his son, James McSurley, 93.
Surveyor, to send copies of his -books every
half-year to the Councils of England
and Ireland, 267.
Surveyors, 214.
Sussex, proportion of men to be levied in
county of, for service in Ireland, 283.
, Earl of, 178.
Sutton, auditor, 188, 191, 359.
Sweeteman, 190.
Swordes, 188.
Swynes, the, 203.
Sydney, Sir Henry, Lord Deputy. ' See Sidney.
Synot, Richard, 189.
, William, 190.
Synot, of Ballynerah. 190.
_ , of Clelande, 190.
Syonan, 192.
P P 2
596
GENERAL INDEX.
T.
Taaff, Captain, 440.
Tafe, Lawrence, 194.
Taffe, Mr., 241.
Talhot, Talbott, Mr., 193, 196, 228.
, Gilbert, 188.
, John, 158, 188.
, Peter, 189.
, Richard, 195.
Talbot's, Town, 189.
Talbottoune, 128.
Tallage, alias Southe, definition of this exac-
tion, 72.
Tallanston, 196.
Tallon, 53, 194.
, his suit, 54.
Edward, 193.
Tample-Ehennie, 480.
Tanchardes-Towne, 191.
Tancherd's daughter, 77.
Tanist, the, 53, 512.
Tanistships, the reasons of Sir John Perrot
to move the Privy Council to cut
away the Captainries and Tanistships
used among the mere Irishry, to the
end that the seignories of the Irish
lords should descend from father to son
according to the common laws of Eng-
land, 27.
Tanistry, the tyrannical customs of, and the
old Irish laws, the rebels desirous of up-
rooting the English, and of reducing
Ireland to, 273.
Tankarde, Patrick, 193.
Tankardstone, 194.
Tarraghe, Taraghe, 86, 193.
Tartayne, 1S8.
Tashe, 225.
Tath, 196.
, Chr., 196.
.Robert, 196.
, Rath, 194.
Taxe, definition of this exaction, 72.
Taylor, George, 188.
Teghmon, 1S2.
Teighcroghan, 195.
Telirig, Thomas, 194.
Templemore, 513.
Temporalities and spiritualities, Hugh Earl of
Tyrone and Hugh O'Donnell, and other
rebels, demand to have in Ulster all,
144.
Tea Mile Church, Armagh, 232.
Tenekilleh, 191.
Tention Magrath, 88.
Termond lands, the English holding spiritual
lands so called, to surrender their pa-
tents, 170.
Terote (or Tewte ?), Mr., 237.
Theobald, Shane Me , 299.
Thistlckeran, 105.
Thomas, the clerk, 19.
Lord, 437.
, Rise, 82.
, William, 2.
Thomastowne, 195.
Thomond, Thomonde, Tomond, Thomonond,
7, 9, 13, 128, 130, 196, 318, 349, 406,
425, 426, 433, 491.
., Earl of, Lord of, 128, 177, 217, 220,
221, 235-239, 250, 253, 255, 286, 304,
319, 327, 360, 361, 381, 383, 384, 386,
387, 388, 391, 398, 399, 407, 411, 412,
420, 425, 446, 447, 490, 491, 495.
, , his true nobleness of mind, 450.
, ....... letter of, 380.
, his sister, 451.
, , his brother Teg, 300.
, O'Brien of, 513.
Thornar, Sir Stephen, 221.
Thorneboroughe, 224.
Thornton, Thorneton, Thorenton, Captain, 11,
12, 16, 248, 2J58.
, , commission to, 11.
, George, captain of the Queen's ship
" the Popengaye," 2.
, Sir George, 61, 204, 287, 320, 365,
367, 387, 391, 399.
Thornexe, Sir Stephen, 254.
Thorpe, Mr., 238.
Thredauh, 388.
Thurles Castle, 513.
Thurlesbeg, 480.
Tiballs, the Lord Treasurer's house in Eng-
land, 220.
Timber, greatly needed in Ireland, 20.
Timologe, 513.
Tint (or Tuit?), 195.
Tipper, 191.
Tipperary, Tipperarie, 299, 304, 306, 368,
379.
gaol of, 50.
, loose vagabonds of, 471.
, letter dated at, 362.
, CO., 61, 119, 302, 305, 471.
, , names of the Undertakers in,
61, 62.
, the composition for cesse in,
70.
, and liberty of, 71.
, , escheats in, sued for the Earl of
Ormond, 103.
, , the baronies in, the septs in-
habiting them, and the number of plow-
lands in every barony, 513.
, County Palatine of, 487.
, , "a true note of certain territories
subtracted and concluded by the Earl
of Ormond from her Majesty, imagining
them to be within his county palatine,"
130.
GENERAL INDEX.
597
Tirconnell, Tireeconncll, Tirconuell, Tirconill,
Tirconnel,TyrconnelI,Tyreconnell,Tire-
Connell, Tyre-Connel, Tyrre-Connele,
Tyer-Connell, &c., 88, 89, 92, 93, 96,
108, 128, 133, 138, 143, 152, 153, 154,
162, 169, 196, 197, 271,287, 288, 522.
, O'Donnell's country, so called, 299.
, O'Donnell the chieftain of , 1 1 1 . See
O'Donnell.
.., , the McSwines of, 76.
, number offerees in, 73.
, Spaniards overcome at, 87.
, arrival of Scots at, 94.
, means of avoiding the landing of any
Spaniards on the coast of, 125.
, the spiritual lands of, sought after by
Hugh O'Donnell, 154.
, to be made shire ground, and to have
a sheriff and officers, 161.
Tirells, the, 192.
Tirrell, Tyrrell, Tyrell, Tyrrill, Captain, 218,
254, 260, 273, 287, 298, 415, 433, 438,
439, 441, 443, 444.
Sir John, chief of the Tirells, 192,
238.
Tobacco sent by Sir Robert Cecil to Carew,
485.
Tobberton, 188.
Tobbirsowle, 188.
Tobie, Geff, 256.
, Nicholas, 256.
Tobins, the, 514.
Togher-Croghan, 338.
Toghes, the McMorice, 300.
Tollsell, the, 394.
Toole, Felimy, 225.
Toole, Rise, -wife of Feogh McHugh, 231.
Tooles, Toolis, the, 189, 230, 237, 260, 273,
311.
Toromonseghan (?) 196 -
Tower the, of London, 2, 14, 17, 25, 26, 27,
362,409,418,507.
Tower Hooke, in co. Wexford, 105.
Traly, Tralie, 203,413, 425, 426, 505.
Trantte, Richard, 68.
Trauntt, Traunt, James, 68.
, Mich., 68.
, Nicholas, 68.
Richard, 68.
Travers, John, 375.
Traverse, Mr., 244.
, Peter, 188.
Treasurer, the, 3, 14, 21, 177, 189, 204, 213,
214, 215, 218, 219, 254, 255, 267, 268,
321, 328, 330, 357, 358, 359, 369, 372,
397, 398, 407, 422, 423, 430, 442, 448,
456, 466, 470, 478, 494, 496, 506. See
Carew, Carey, Fyton, and Wallop.
, his clerks, 359.
, , paymasters, 332.
at Wars, 49, 102, 149, 267, 290, 291,
292, 294, 296, 331, 417. See Carew,
Carey, and Wallop.
Treasurer of England, 291.
Treawair, Cairbre, Carbre, Carbrey, Cairbrei,
76, 85.
Treawer, Charles, 77.
Tredagh, Tredaghe, Tredaugh, 234, 236, 237,
395.
, Mayor of, 234, 236, 240.
Trencherde, one of the Undertakers, 413.
Trenshard, William, 61.
Trener, Captain, 128.
Trever, Captain, 231, 233, 252.
, Charles, 279.
, Sir Richard, 259.
Trevor, 224.
Trim, Trime, Tryme, 125, 128, 194, 222, 238,
242.
Trimellston, Lord of, 8.
Trimleston, Trimletstowne, Trymlestone, Peter
Lord of, 95, 189, 193.
Trinity, doctrine of, no man to speak impiously
and maliciously against, see Army
Orders, 502.
Triscornagh, 192.
Tristeram, 50.
Troneblie, 195.
Trughnackmye, barony of, 67. See Articles.
Tuam, Archbishop of, 8.
Tucher, Captain, 246-249.
Lieutenant, 231.
Tucker, Lieutenant, report by, 109.
Tuder, Hugh, commissary of the musters, 281.
Tullagh, 255.
Tullegharde, 194.
Tullock, 194.
Tully, Tullie, 191, 197, 252, 253, 254.
Tulske, 318.
Turkey, 349.
Turks, the, the English Protestants compared
to, see Bull of Indulgence by Pope Cle-
ment VIII., 523.
Turner, Sergeant-Major, 269.
Turner, 395.
Turning, 191.
Turvy, 188.
Tutcher, Captain, 128, 234, 235.
Tute, Edward, 192.
, of the Sunnagh, 192.
Tutes, the, 192.
Tutestowne, 192.
Twoaleag, 269.
Twoghe Iniskene, 353.
Ny Killie, 352.
Bally Ny Deyghie, 352.
Tygie, Dermot McShaue, 514.
Tymog, 191.
Tymoghoe, 191.
Tymolog, 189.
Tynan, the, 287.
Tyntern, Tynterne, 190, 308.
Tyreragh, 271.
598
GENERAL INDEX.
Tyrone, Tirone, co., 34, 45, 75, 92, 96, 97, 98,
99, 108, 109, 111, 126, 130, 133, 143,
151, 152, 161-164, 167, 172, 185, 196,
197, 198, 200, 216, 453, 490, 521.
, , to be reduced to shire ground,
and accept a sheriff, 57.
, , number of forces in, 73.
, , captainry of, 74.
, given to the Queen by Act of
.Parliament, 108.
, , lands in, granted to Connace
O'Neale when created Earl of Tyrone
by Henry VIII., 108.
, , its inhabitants to be pardoned on
their submission, 133.
..., Connace, Con O'Neale, created Earl
of, by Henry VIIL, 108, 124.
, Matthew Earl of, 108, 124.
, Hugh Karl of, 13, 89, 92, 94,99, 101,
106, 108, 109, 118, 124, 127, 131, 133,
134, 136, 138, 139, 141, 142, 143, 151,
153, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 165, 166,
168, 173, 177, 180, 184, 186, 187, 196,
197, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206, 218, 221,
222, 223, 224, 230, 231, 232, 233, 236,
238, 241, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248,
253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260, 272,
273, 270, 277, 279, 282, 284, 288, 298,
313, 314, 315, 316, 322, 323, 324, 325,
335, 338, 339, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346,
347, 348, 353, 359, 364, 366, 367, 371,
372, 379, 387, 388, 391, 395, 396, 399,
404, 405, 406, 409, 414, 415, 427, 437,
438, 441, 450, 451, 467, 471, 475, 488,
489, 493, 494, 515, 521, 522, 523. See
notes, 59, 295, 348.
, , the rooted malice between him
and O'Neale, 2.
, , his humble offers to the Privy
Council of England, touching articles
set down for Ulster, 33.
, , promises not to exercise mar-
tial laws, 36.
. , , consents to have his country
under composition, 34.
, desires to have his country made
shire ground, 34.
, , promises not to willingly receive
hr maintain any Popish priest, monk, or
friar, or any proclaimed traitors, 35.
, , promises that his people shall
use English apparel, 35.
, articles agreed to by, before the
Privy Council, for the better settling
and confirming of his country, 37.
, , to renounce all claim to the
name and title of O'Neale, 38.
., , promises not to give or receive
aid to or from Agnes McConnell or the
Scots, 38.
., , restrictions on, 38.
., , not to impose upon his country
by way of bonnaught, or other Irish
taxation, except in defence of his
country, 38.
Tyrone, Hugh Earl of, forbidden to execute
any person taken for murder or felony,
but by due course of law, 38.
, , forbidden to meddle with the
Archbishop of Armagh's lands, or any
spiritual livings belonging to that see,
38.
, , not to maintain in his country
any monk, friar, nun, or priest that shall
not conform themselves to the religion
now established, 38.
, , forbidden to take black rent or
other Irish exaction, 39.
, ,to cause all subjects living under
him to wear English apparel, and to
suffer none to wear " glybbes," 39 ;
and his country to make contributions
for the building and maintaining of a
gaol at Dungannon, 39.
, , controversy between, and Sir
Tirlagh O'Neale, 55, 56, 57.
articles of agreement indented
between, and Sir Tirlagh O'Neale, be-
fore Sir William Fitz Williams and the
Council at Dundalk, 73.
, number of forces retained by,
73.
, , "A note of sundry causes and
articles wherewith the Earl of Tyrone
is grieved," 87.
, , the enmity of Sir William Fitz-
Williams and Sir Henry Bagnall against,
88, 90.
, , the Queen instructs Sir William
Russell, Deputy, to make enquiries as
to the disposition of, 90.
, , his submission delivered to Sir
William Russell, Lord Deputy, and
the Council at Dublin, 95.
, , propositions to, with his answers,
96.
, , promises to receive a sheriff
and justice of assize into his country,
97.
, , the amount of composition that
he will submit to, 97.
, , promises to send his eldest son,
Hugh, the baron of Dungannon, to be
brought up at the University, 97.
, , informations against, preferred
by the Knight Marshal, Sir Henry
Bagnall, to the Lord Deputy and Coun-
cil, 97.
, , promises to make a gaol r.t
Duugannon, 97.
, , articles of information by the
Knight Marshal, 99.
, , the forces of, 101.
, , , his power and influence in the
north of Ireland, 105.
, , , his religion, 105.
, , suspected, from his Romish
sympathies, to be in combination with
Spain, 105.
, , Sir George Carew's bad opinion
of, 105.
GENERAL INDEX.
599
Tyrone, Hugh Earl of, the 'character of his
government similar to that of the Otto-
man race, 106.
, , an absolute commander in the
North, 197.
, .desires to be called O'Neale, a
name more valued by him than to be
titled Caesar, 107.
, should be prosecuted like the
Earl of Desmond, to the utter extirpa-
tion of himself, his adherents and fol-
lowers, that the land may be divided
amongst the English " Collonells,"
107.
, , the Queen grants him his lands
at his creation, 108.
, , his house at Dungannon, 810.
, his engagement between his
own forces and those of Sir H. Bagnall,
110.
, proclamation against, and his con-
federates, 111.
, , the Queen endowed him with
larger territories than any other Earl in
Ireland, 111.
, in order to become Prince of
Ulster, has drawn to concur with him
in rebellion, many of the chieftains of
Ulster, 111.
, , " a known practiser with Spain,"
111.
, , a journal of the late journey by
the Lord Deputy Kussell against
O'Donnell and, 113.
t , burns his own town of Dun-
gannon, 114.
, , the Newry burnt by, 116.
t t destroys the Marshal's mills
about the Newry, 116.
t , his suspected combination with
Spain, 121, 122.
t f articles to be performed by, and
other traitors craving pardon, 122.
t , his letters to Don Carolo and
Don John Delaquila. requesting the
aid of the King of Spain, not only to
re-establish the Catholic religion in
Ireland, but to secure the country for
that King, 122, 123.
t t one of the sons of Shane O'Neale
put to death by, 124.
t , articles concerning the sub-
misr.on of, and other traitors, 124.
7 , to deliver his eldest lawful son as
a pledge, to be brought up in a school
in England, 124.
, , his submission 125.
, , the reasons of his taking the
name of O'Neale, 125.
, promises on his submission not
to join with any foreign power against
the Queen, 126.
f articles agreed to by, on his
submission, 126.
, his rebellion, 128, 132, 179, 287,
520.
Tyrone, Hugh Earl of, journal of the proceed-
ings of Sir Henry Wallop and Sir R.
Gardner, commissioners to treat and par-
ley with O'Donnell and other northern
chieftains, 132.
, instructions to the Commissioners
by the Lord Deputy and Council how
to treat with, 132.
, , to renounce " all superiority and
aid of foreign powers, especially from
the King of Spain," 132.
, , O'Donnell and other traitors,
demand as one of the terms of their
submission that all persons should have
free liberty of conscience, 133.
, demands made of the Commis-
sioners by O'Donnell and, 133.
, , names of the chief rebels in the
camp of, 139.
, , protection for, during his con-
ference with the Commissioners, 140.
, , denies writing certain letters to
Spain requesting aid, 140.
, and the other rebels, demand to
have all temporalities and spiritualities
in Ulster, &c., 144.
, , his insolent demands, 145.
, , his immoderate demands con-
trary to his former submission, 148.
, articles between, and the Com-
missioners (Wallop and Gardner), 14!).
, , his petitions, 150.
, , complains of his unjust treat-
ment by Sir H. Bagnall, 150.
, , petitions that the inhabitants of
Tyrone may, have free liberty of con-
science and pardon, 151.
, , the answers of the Commis-
sioners to the demands of, 152.
, , articles propounded hy the Com-
missioners to, 162.
, , his answer to the same, 164.
, , to renounce all superiority and
aid from foreign powers, and chiefly of
the Spaniards, 163.
, , his agreement to articles and
conditions agreed to by him in England,
to be carried out, 163.
, , to renounce the nnmu of O'Neale,
164.
, , his agreement to the articles in
England, 164.
, , his request for five liberty of
conscience for all the inhabitants of
Tyrone considered disloyal, 167.
, , the answers to the rebellious,
167.
, , instructions for such of her Ma
jesty's council in Ireland as shall be
deputed by the Lord Deputy and Coun-
cil to meet with the two rebels O'Donuell
and, 167.
, , the Queen highly offended with
his petition for liberty of conscience,
172.
600
GENERAL INDEX.
Tyrone, Hugh Earl of, agrees to withdraw it,
172.
, the Queen's instructions to the
Lord General Norris and Sir Geoffrey
Fenton regarding, 172.
, , the Earl's answers to the same,
172.
, , his answer to' the several in-
structions delivered to Captain William
Warren, 173.
, promises to renounce the name
and title of O'Neale, 173.
, promises not to receive in his
country any disloyal persons, but " he
will not apprehend any spiritual man
that cometh into his country for his
conscience sake," 173.
, the traitor, the principal traitor,
the capital traitor, the archtraitor, the
chief rebel, 113, 116, 117, 123, 128,
271,278,368,458.
, , proclaimed a traitor, 232.
, , refuses to take his oath to for-
sake all foreign aid, 247.
, , his intrigues with the King of
Spain, 269.
, , petition of, 274.
, , his submission, 274.
, , his petition to make Tyrone a
county palatine, 274.
, articles prescribed to, by the
Lord Lieutenant General (Ormond) and
his assistants the Bishop of Meath and
Sir Geoffrey Fenton, 275.
, , his reply to the same, 276.
, , to break off all communications
with foreign countries promising assist-
ance to the rebels, 275.
, , heads of matters to be urged by
Earl of Ormond on, 278.
, , to allow a sheriff in Tyrone, 278.
, a list of his forces, 287.
, , his perfidiousness, 336.
, , negociations with, 337, 341.
, , a letter sent to, addressed " To
the Right Honourable my very good
Lord O'Neyle, Chief Lieutenant of
Ireland," 348.
, , in his letter to the King of
Spain, asserts that nothing can be more
beneficial to a Christian State than to
have men pre-eminent for learning and
virtue, to disseminate God's Word, in-
struct the people, and eradicate errors
from men's minds, 349.
, , applies to the King of Spain to
support the college of Douay for that
purpose, 349, 350.
.., , daily expected invasion of
Spaniards both in England and Ireland,
515.
, conditions to be demanded of,
521.
, , letters of, 122, 136, 137, 140,
146, 147, 150, ICO, 185, 186, 269, 296,
297, 349, 350, 362, 363, 365, 443.
Tyrone, Hugh Earl of, letters to, 135, 136, 137,
138, 140, 146, 147, 171, 178, 182, 185.
, , letter from Philip II., of Spain
to, promising support to the rebels,
145.
, , his base son Con O'Neale, 92,
98, 102, 122, 127, 134, 139, 324.
, his brother Cormock (or Cor-
mack), 74, 92, 96, 98, 102, 115, 118,
143, 165,313,324.
, , his brother Donneell killed in
battle against Lord Deputy Russell,
233.
, , his brother or half-brother
Tyrlough or Tyrlaugh McHenry cap-
tain of the Fues, 35, 92.
, , his son-in-law, Henry Oge, 92.
, , his secretary 133, 147 ; see
Nott and Hovenden.
, , Sir Arthur O'Neale to be created,
409.
, Countess of, her death, 240.
Tyrowen, 201.
TJ.
Ulster, Ullster, 2, 11, 33, 89, 90, 98, 105, 111,
119, 120, 121, 129, 130, 150, 160, 163,
164, 166, 168, 176, 179, 180, 196, 197,
198, 199, 270, 272, 275, 276, 282, 285,
287, 289, 290, 295, 298, 299, 317, 325,
336, 337, 342, 362, 415, 438, 444, 454,
471, 472, 489, 490, 505, 517, 520, 522,
, the firmness of, to the Queen, likely to
be disturbed by the rooted malice
between O'Donnell and the Earl of
Tyrone, 2.
, garrisons of, 107.
, the poor churls of, 108.
, part of the lands of, given to Queen
Elizabeth by Act of Parliament, 108.
, chieftains of, 111.
, in order to become Prince of, the
Earl of Tyrone has drawn many of the
chieftains to concur with him in re-
bellion, 111.
, commission to Sir John Norris to be
General of the Queen's forces for sup-
pressing the rebellion in, 118.
, the climate and soil of, less fertile
than in Minister, 129.
, gentlemen of, 137.
, the Earl of Tyrone, Hugh O'Donnell,
and other rebels, demand to have all
temporalities and spiritualities in, 144.
.GENERAL INDEX.
601
Ulster, rebellion In, 199.
, state of, 216, 271, 298, 523.
, rebels of, restitution to be made to,
181.
, all tbe rebellions of Ireland have had
their beginnings in, 271.
..., questions regarding the rebels in,
287.
the main strength of the rebels in,
405.
, the establishment of the President and
State in, 505.
Umolaghe Art, 75.
Undertakers, the, 62, 67, 69, 102, 206y 209,
474,485.
, , English in Munster, 103,. 295,
516.
...., " an abstract or brief particular
of all the names of the, the several coun-
ties, the quantities of their lands, and
their yearly rents," 61.
, , commission of inquiry respect-
ing, 103.
, , meet persons to be chosen, 103.
, no grant of more than 12,000
acres to be made to, 103.
, , no person to be one of, unless he
holds sufficient freehold in England or
Ireland on which a distress may be
levied, or procure sufficient bonds, 103.
, , books to be drawn up for dis-
posing of the escheated lands in Munster
to the, 105.
, " the people of Munster are
Spanish in heart, popish in religion,
and infinitely discontented since the
traitors'lands were divided amongst the,"
129.
, , several murdered, 217.
, have neglected the habitation thereof
with Englishmen, and have made grants
to the Irish, 268.
, , rebellious state of Munster
prejudicial to the settlement of, 286.
Undertakers' hinds, 445, 464.
Under-Treasurer, 58.
of the Exchequer, 291.
Upper Clandeboy, see Clandeboy, 73.
Upper Clandhuboies, the, brought into sub-
jection by the Earl of Tyrone, 87.
Upper Court, the, 190.
Upper Ormond, barony of, 513.
Upper Ossery, Baron of, Lord of, 243, 432.
..., , , his son Teig FitzPatrick,
432.
Uriaghts, Uriaghes, 34, 38, 98, 163, 173, 278,
327.
, Earl of Tyrone promises not to inter-
meddle or foster with any of the, 38.
Urwin, English Scots of, 200.
Urwoyn, Earl of Ormond derives his name
from, its signification, 130.
Uscough-baugh, 446.
Usher, Henry, Archbishop of Armagh, Lord
Primate, 195. See note 148.
, Mr., 259.
4 6
V.
Va.encia, Baron of, eldest son of Earl of Clan-
care, his death, 514.
Valley, Knight of the, 401, 412, 453, 471, 483,
490,516.
, his castle called the Glann, 411.
, , his lands, 497.
, , as James McThomas, 489.
, , no pardon to be granted to,499,
502.
, , Edmond FitzThomas Fitz-
Gerald, commonly so called, see Fitz--
Gerald, 502.
Vaughan, Lieutenant, brother-in-law of Lord
Borough, 252, 269.
Vayen, Don Boderigo de, 269.
Veldon, Thomas, 194.
, William, 194.
Yenesions with silk lace, price of, 266.
Venice glasses, 485.
Verdon, John, sheriff, 67.
, Theobald, High Constable of Ireland,'
196.
Vernon, Mr. Bobert, 311.
Vernneil, Marquis of, 436.
Vicaire, the, a tenant of 0"Mahoun Fen's
lands in Ivaghe, 514.
Vice-Admiralty, 482.
Vice-Chamberlain, see Sir Thomas He*
neage, 2, 4, 5, 18.
, , letters to, 40, 45.
Vicengrave, a Frenchman of St. Mallows,
438.
, , brought munition to the Dingle,
and sold to the rebels, 438.
Vice-President of Munster, 63. See Sir Tho-
mas Norris, 94, 206, 209, 210, 211,
212,217,476.
, to see that beacons are kept along the
sea-coasts, 127.
Vice-Treasurer, 305, 520.
Victualling, Victualling of the army, Victual-
lers, 66, 187, 350, 351.
, composition for, 67.
Q Q
602
GENERAL INDEX.
Victualling of the army in Munster, contract
between certain of the Lords of the
Council and John Wood, of London,
made at Whitehall, for, 494.
, instructions by the Privy Conncil
regarding, 493.
w.
Waad, W.,'393, 394, 478, 496.
Wadding, Thomas, 68.
Wafer, Waffer, John, 194.
Wakeley, Thomas, 192.
Wale, Richard, 65.
Wales, 260.
.". , coast of, 106.
, most of the inhabitants on the coast of,
in religion Catholics, 106.
Walgrave, Sir William, 235.
, , his son William knighted in
Christchurch, Dublin, 235.
Wall, William, 191.
Walling, William, 370.
Wallop, Wallope, Wallopp, Henry, Sir Henry,
Sir Harry, Knight, 42, 46, 97, 118, 120,
128, 132, 140, 160, 161, 175, 185, 187,
190, 206, 224, 230, 237, 240, 241, 244,
245, 246, 247, 296, 328, 329, 332, 333,
352, 449.
, , Lord Treasurer, Treasurer, late
Treasurer, 40, 213, 219, 290.
, Treasurer at Wars in Ireland,
49, 102, 331.
, one of the Commissioners for granting
to Englishmen the "escheated lands of
the Earl of Desmond and others in
Mnnster, 102.
, , commission to, and others, to
inquire -what lands were escheated by
the rebellion of Gerald FitzGerald Earl
of Desmond, 104.
, , commission to, and others, to
survey and divide escheated lands in
Munster, 104.
, instructions to, by the Lord
Deputy and Council as to the treatment
of rebels, 132.
, , journal of the proceedings of,
and Sir Robert Gardener, Commisioners
to treat and parley with the Earl of
Tyrone, O'Donnell, and other northern
rebels, 132.
, , his secretary, see Philip Here,
133, 137.
..", , articles between him as one of
the Commissioners and Hugh Earl of
Tyrone and Hugh O'Donnell, 149.
Wallop, Sir Henry, letters of, 48, 138, 164.
letters to, 131, 135.
, , his death, 320.
Lady, 223, 225.
Walsh, Walshe, Walche, Welch, &c., John, 189,
, Nicholas, Sir Nicholas, Mr. Justice,
25, 66, 67, 68, 1 19, 189, 190, 2 1 1, 352.
, , writes, " that a female child
was brought before him dead, with
two heads upon one body," 248.
, , Chief Justice of the Common
Pleas, formerly Chief Justice of Munster,
500.
,Peircc, 312.
.Peter, 189.
Tibbot, 189.
Walsingham, Francis, Sir Francis, secretary,
9,25.
, letters to, 1, 4, 17.
, , his interest at Court favorable
to the Earl of Tyrone, 88.
Walterston, 194.
Warborton, Serjeant, Vice Chamberlain of
Chester, 220.
Warden, Lord, 13.
Warders in divers provinces, pay of, 290.
Wards, commission for letting the Queen's,
219, 220.
Ware, James, 281.
Waring, Henry, 195.
Waringston, Waringstone, 193, 195.
Warrants made by deputies, called concor-
datums, 215.
, briefs of, 296.
Warren, Waren, Captain, 171, 178, 183, 238,
246, 254.
, Henry, Captain Henry, Sir Henry,
Sir Harry, 33, 148, 171, 192, 242, 243.
, , knighted, 240.
, Mr., 12, 55, 178, 183, 235, 238.
, James, 194, 196, 205.
, William, Captain William, Sir Wil-
liam Knight, 97, 188, 196, 205, 236,
254, 335, 337, 338, 341, 348. See note,
349, 355. See note, 446.
, , answers of Hugh Earl of Tyrone
to the several instructions delivered to,
173.
, , letter to, 349.
Warspright, the, one of the Queen's ships, 178.
Warwick, A., 9.
.Countess of, Lady, 220, 221, 234, 257,
258.
Watercastle, 505.
Waterford, 14, 22, 24,26, 27, 52, 107, 128, 129,
178, 196, 212, 219, 224, 228, 230, 247,
248, 251, 253, 255, 300, 301, 303, 306,
308, 309, 314, 364, 370, 382, 386, 390,
392, 393, 396, 402, 443, 457, 493 .
, to be fortified in order to be prepared
against any Spanish invasion, 1 9.
, a store of armours, muskets, and other
munition to be kept at, 23.
, " a superstitions city," 23.
GENERAL INDEX.
C03
Waterford, Mayor of, 22, 24, 247, 253, 391,
392,416.
, letter to, 22.
, letters dated at, 24. 384.
, articles made at, 68.
, river of, 106.
, all kinds of convenience at, for Spa-
niards, if they land, 129.
, river and town of, 130.
, more shipping at, than in any port of
Ireland, 130.
deeply attached to the Catholic religion,
458.
, religious grievances of the citizens of,
469.
Waterford county, 61, 68. see Articles, 396.
, names of the Undertakers, with the
quantities and value of their lands in,
61.
Waterhouse, Sir Edward, 19, 25.
, , his secretary, Mr. Williams, 3.
Wattson, Thomas, letter to, 355.
Welchetown, 192.
Welshe, Wellshe, see Walshe, Sir Edmond,
513.
Sir Nicholas, 386.
Wentworth, 225.
Wesley, We&tie, Garret, 191, 195.
Wespelston, 188.
West, the, IOC, 313.
West Country, the, 283.
West, ports of tha, 424.
seas, the, 451.
Westchester, 220, 223, 236.
Weste, Thomas, 311.
Weston, Richard, 160, 188.
, Sit- William, Chief Justice, death and
burial of, 223.
Westmeath, county of, 128, 192, 196, 260,
298, 313, 318, 505.
, sheriff of, his certificate, 120.
, high sheriff of, see Captain Harvy,
235.
Westminster, commissions dated at, 102, 105.
, Dean of, 419.
, letters patent dated at, 287.
Palace of, letters dated at, 120, 287,
500.
Wcxford, town of, 190, 224, 284, 308, 346,
477.
, castle of, 258.
, seneschal of, 334.
, county of, 3, 127, 189, 190, 196, 298,
308,311.
, sheriff of, 95.
, Hooke Tower, in, 105.
.inhabited partly by Irish called the
Cavenaghes, and by English, 190.
f amongst the first part planted with
English, 333.
Wheeler, Dean, Mr. Dean, 244, 245, 251, 253,
254.
Wheeler, Mr., 226, 227, 229, 230.
White, Whyte, Edmond, 54, 67, 19], 480.
, Mr., 80.
, Sir Nicholas, Master of the Rolls, 21,
25.
.Patrick, 194.
, Sallomon, 68.
, William, 104.
Whitehall, Whythaule, Court at, 494, 495.
, letters dated, 4, 109, 286, 474, 479,
480, 481, 482, 483, 486, 494, 498, 501.
White Hart, the name of a vessel with muni-
tion from the Tower of London, 27.
White Knight, 104. See FitzGibbon, John,
217, 286, 299. See FitzGibbon, 302,
306, 368. See McGibbonye, Edmond,
378, 391, 399, 429, 430, 437, 438, 440,
462.
, his country called Clangibbon, 302,
305.
, lands of Sir Walter Raleigh adjoining
to, 429.
, reproved for his submission to the
Queen by Florence McCarty, 514.
White's country, the, called the Dufferie, 299.
Whitgyft, John, Archbishop of Canterbury,
25.
Whitney, 191.
Whyte, a lawyer, a magistrate of Clonmell,
493.
Wicklow, Wicklowe, 253, 290, 312.
, county of, 189.
, ..,..., when first so called, 189.
, Baroness of, 189.
, description of, 189.
Widder, Thomas, 195.
Wiell, 195.
Wilbraham, Roger, solicitor, solicitor-general,
10, 62, 63, 67, 103, 104, 157, 300.
, , one of the Commissioners for
granting to Englishmen the escheated
lands of the Earl of Desmond and
others in Munster, 102.
Willford, Sir Thomas, 447.
William, Mr., secretary to Sir Edward Water-
house, 31, 238.
Williams, Sir Roger, 241.
, Sir Thomas, master and clerk of the
Cheque, letter to, 5.
, , warrants to, 16, 50, 60.
Willins, Henry, 238.
, , death of, 194.
Willis, Wyllis, Captain, 128, 142, 153, 156,
157,226, 229, 230.
Humfrey, 89.
Willkenf-tone, 194.
Willmot, Wilmot, Wyllmot, Wygmote, Sir
Charles, Colonel, 320, 404, 406, 410,
412, 413, 414, 425, 426, 437, 447, 466,
471, 485, 488, 516.
, , Florence McCarty, being in pro-
tection, advised the rebels to kill him,
515.
604
GENERAL INDEX.
Wilmote, Captain, 128.
Winchester House, letter dated at, 49.
Wingfield, Wingfelde, Wingfilde, Winckfield,
Captain Marya, 128, 249, 254, 258.
, Edward, Sir Edward, 310, 324.
, Captain Richard, Sir Richard, 128,
371,465.
, , knighted, 238.
Jaqucs, Mr., late Master of the Ord-
nance, 6, 11, 12.
, , his accompts, 2.
, uncle of Sir George Carew, 14,
41, 42.
, death of, 19.
, Thomas, Sir Thomas Maria, T.M.,
clerk of the Cheque, 257, 259, 280,
281.
, , letter to, 23.
Wiseman, Thomas, Mr., 247, 449.
Wogan, 191.
Wolf, Lord and Lady Russell hunting the,
245.
Wolveston, 189.
Woman, no man shall ravish or force any
woman upon pain of death, see Army
orders, 503.
.......... no woman allowed to follow the army,
505.
Wony-Mulrian, the country of O'Mulrian so
called, 130.
Wood, Woode, Woods, Herbert, 5.
, Captain John, 386, 388, 391, 402,
495, 496.
, , contract for victualling the
army in Munster made by, 494.
Woodhouse, Captain, 33.
Woods, Owen, Dean of Armagh, 160.
Woodward, James, 1, 2, 3, 4, 17, 18,19, 20, 27.
Workmen, want of, 20.
Wottlands (Oatlands?) letter dated at, 61.
Worth, Hugh, 61.
Wotton, H., 335.
Wriaghrs, 337.
Wright, 254.
Wriothesley, see Southampton, 316.
Writs and processes of the Queen not current
in certain seigniories of the Irish lords.
28.
Wrothe, Mr., 220.
Wyarston, 118.
Wyckelow, Wyclowe, see Wicklow, 312.
Wynoxberges, 435.
y.
Ybawne, 513.
Ydoughe, 380.
Yonge, Thomas, 67.
York, Yorke, Yorke, Avery, Captain, 456.
, Mr., Edmund, 22, 23, 24, 58.
, Sir Edward, 113,223-228, 230,232
233, 237, 244, 249.
, , Lieuteuant-General, 113.
York House in London, 82.
, letters dated at, 13, 392.
Youghall, Yoghall, Youghull, town of, 128,
196, 209, 376, 402, 409, 428, 470, 493.
, , lands free in the franchises of,
70.
:., , letter dated at, 355.
, river of, called Blackwater. Set
Blackwater.
Yreconoght, 270.
Yvlyehane, Barony of, see Articles, 66.
z
Zealand 436.
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