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 http://www.archive.org/details/exercisesofsemicOOpacirich 
 
EXERCISES OF THE 
 
 Semi-Centennial Anniversary 
 
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 TUALATIN ACADEMY and PACIFIC UNIVERSITY 
 
 HELD AT FOREST GROVE, OREGON 
 
 July 9, 1898 
 
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CONTENTS. 
 
 Introductory .5. 3 
 
 Dr. McClelland, Address of Welcome 6 
 
 William N. Ferrin, Address 8 
 
 H. W. Corbett, Address 22 
 
 H. W. Scott, Address '2J 
 
 Dr. Mackennell, Address 32 
 
 Samuel B. Capen, Address 36 
 
 Dr. Barton, Address 47 
 
 Dr. Byington, Address 53 
 
 Dr. McLean, Address .55 
 
 Dr. Bradford, Address 59 
 
 Dr. Ward, Address 61 
 
 President Penrose, Address 62 
 
 Dr. Strong, Address* 63 
 
 Dr. Savage, Address 6t> 
 
 Dr. Hallock, Address 72 
 
 President Gates, Address 78 
 
 Trustees and Officers of University 86 
 
 340913 
 
INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 The following extract from the ve^y full report of the 
 "Golden Jubilee" of Tualatin Academy and Pacific Uni- 
 versity, which appeared in the Portland Oregonian of 
 July lo, 1898, is a fitting introduction to the account 
 given in these pages of the exercises of that mem- 
 orable occasion: 
 
 FOREST GROVE, July 9. — The semi-centennial 
 of Tualatin Academy and Pacific University was fitly 
 celebrated at Forest Grove today. Five hundred men 
 and women, including practically all the delegates to 
 the Congregational National Council, and a goodly 
 number of Portland citizens, boarded a special Southern 
 Pacific train of eight cars at 1:30 P. M. and sped to 
 Forest Grove to participate in the felicitations of this 
 pioneer college. 
 
 As the train pulled out of Portland the landscape that 
 unrolled to the eastward was a revelation to the East- 
 erners, who largely composed the excursionists. As 
 elevation was gained and the deep canyons were crossed 
 in the southern part of town, the peaks of the Cas- 
 cade range seemed to take added height. Hood's head 
 was pillowed on a bank of cumulus clouds, that hugged 
 the horizon reaching to the southward. Another cloud 
 floated so as to cast a visible shadow across the snowy 
 fields of St. Helens. Both mountains stood out boldly, 
 though there was enough haze in the air to give what 
 artists call atmosphere to the picture. The rugged 
 line of mountains was in full view, and the dark green 
 of the timbered slopes was broken in the middle ground 
 by cultivated fields. And in the foreground lay the 
 

 brimming Willamette, laving the feet of the vine maples 
 and pussy willows. Wild flowers lined either side of 
 the railroad track, and nodded gracefully to the passing 
 visitors. Green woods and a turn of the road changed 
 the view, and over the Scappoose hills came peaceful 
 scenes of farms. Haying operations, yellowing grain, 
 blossoming potatoes and ripening fruits marched back 
 along the track as the train rushed on. At Beaverton 
 a short delay was caused by a section crew having 
 several rails up for repairs, but the train passed on a 
 side track and arrived at Forest Grove shortly after 
 3 o'clock. 
 
 A score of conveyances were waiting at the station, 
 and the women were taken in them to the college. 
 Most of the men took the pleasant walk of little more 
 than a mile. The road had been sprinkled, and in every 
 way possible the people of the town had contrived 
 to give the visitors a cheerful and pleasing welcome. 
 A brief rest in the shade of the oaks and firs on the 
 spacious campus preceded the gathering in the chapel 
 of Marsh Hall, where the day's exercises took place. 
 
 The generosity and kindliness of the people was 
 markedly shown in the bountiful collation that was 
 served under the oaks back of Memorial Hall. Long 
 tables were stretched out in the shade, and a dinner, 
 seasoned for any palate, was served to all who came. 
 Of the I, GOG people who attended the celebration, 
 none went hungry. 
 
 At the close of the dinner hour, about 7 o'clock, a 
 New England arbutus, brought from Plymouth Rock 
 on the Council train from Boston, was planted by Miss 
 Whitcomb, of Worcester, Mass., at the foot of the "old 
 bee tree," a rugged oak a dozen rods south of Marsh 
 Memorial Hall, the tree having been preserved for years 
 
because of the special request of Mrs. Tabitha Brown, 
 an early benefactor of the college. 
 
 A score of addresses were made during the after- 
 noon and evening, most of thei-^ extemporaneous, 
 though a few were prepared with much care. All were 
 listened to with close attention. A college song, com- 
 posed by a student of the institution, and other songs 
 by a college choir, varied the programme agreeably. 
 
 An incident of the day was the public exhibition by 
 President McClelland of a check for $35,000, com- 
 pleting the D. K. Pearsons endowment fund of $150,- 
 000, the check being duly stamped with a 2-cent contri- 
 bution to support the war against Spain. Very unex- 
 pectedly also came a contribution of $200 from Man- 
 ager Houghton, of the Council train from Boston, 
 who said it was the profit of the train. 
 
 Though the celebration came during the vacation, 
 one would hardly have noticed it, there were so many 
 bright-faced young people about helping in just the 
 right places, and apparently under the direction of 
 teachers. President McClelland came out from Port- 
 land with the excursion, and was indefatigable and al- 
 most omnipresent in his endeavors to make the jubilee 
 the success it was. 
 
 On the chapel platform to the right of the speakers 
 was a large picture of Dr. Marsh, for 25 years presi- 
 dent of the school; to their left, the picture of Dr. 
 Atkinson, who was largely instrumental in the found- 
 ing of the college; to the left of the platform hung 
 the picture of ''Grandma" Tabitha Brown, who erected 
 the first building in which the school was begun. 
 
ADDRESSES AND OTHER EXERCISES. 
 
 The exercises began at 4 P. M., soon after the 
 arrival of the train bearing the members of the Na- 
 tional Council and friends from Portland. They were 
 opened with singing by the college choir, after which 
 the Rev. Lewellyn Pratt, D. D., of Norwich, Conn., 
 led in prayer. 
 
 President McCLELLAND then welcomed the 
 guests as follows: 
 
 Fathers, Brethren, and Friends of this Institution: 
 We feel deeply grateful for your presence here today. 
 There are many things in our hearts which we would 
 like to say, and some things which we had planned to 
 say, but the time is all too short for the carrying out 
 of the regular programme, and so I shall confine my- 
 self to this simple word of greeting. When a year 
 ago, or somewhat less than that, I went before the 
 Provisional Committee of the National Council, in Bos- 
 ton, with the request that they set apart in the crowded 
 sessions of this Council an afternoon and an evening 
 to visit this institution, I hardly hoped that my request 
 would be granted; but to my great gratification the 
 committee very readily consented to make it part of 
 the programme that you should come out here this 
 afternoon to participate with us in the celebration of 
 what is in reality not only the fiftieth anniversary of the 
 founding of this school, but also the fiftieth anniversary 
 of the laying of the foundations of Congregationalism 
 on the Pacific Coast. And so I say, we are deeply 
 grateful because you are here to review with us the 
 work of the half century past; to unite your thanks- 
 
givings with ours for what God has wrought, and to 
 rejoice with us on this auspicious day which looks for- 
 ward into a future full of bright promise. I only wish 
 there were time that I might express more fully and 
 more acceptably to you and myself the thoughts that 
 this interesting occasion calls up; but these will, I am 
 sure, find fitting expression in the addresses which are 
 to follow. 
 
 I shall begin without further ceremony the pro- 
 gramme as arranged. 
 
 Professor William N. Ferrin came here something 
 over twenty years ago, as a young man just out of 
 Vermont University, to take the position of teacher 
 of mathematics in this institution. He has performed 
 his duties from that day to this most acceptably. Stu- 
 dents who have gone out from here who have passed 
 under his instruction love and revere the man. I can 
 think of no one better quahfied to present to you a 
 brief sketch of the history of this institution. Pro- 
 fessor Ferrin will now read a paper, setting forth the 
 essential facts in the fifty years that have gone by since 
 the foundations were laid here. 
 
FIFTY YEARS OF THE COLLEGE. 
 By Professor William N. Ferrin. 
 
 Pacific University, like a very large proportion of the 
 colleges of our land, had its origin in distinctively pio- 
 neer conditions. The spirit and purpose which act- 
 uated the Puritans in founding Harvard and Yale, and 
 their descendants, who established Dartmouth and 
 WilHams, in New England, continued to possess their 
 descendants as they migrated across the continent from 
 the Atlantic to the Pacific. The fostering of educa- 
 tion and the establishing of educational institutions 
 was one of their characteristic tenets. With a far- 
 sightedness like that of the old prophets of Judea, they 
 foresaw that the only safety of a stable republic among 
 a free people was the education of the people. 
 
 Was it a gift direct from God, this prescience of the 
 conditions necessary to the permanence of a free and 
 happy and prosperous people — what we now call a 
 common school education for everybody, a higher edu- 
 cation for the leaders? 
 
 These men gave to our country its free public school 
 system, and they and their descendants have planted 
 Christian colleges all over the land. As the population 
 spread out from Massachusetts westward its progress 
 was marked, particularly along the Northern belt of 
 our country, by the^ founding of colleges at different 
 points along the advancing frontier like the altars which 
 the patriarchs set up in Canaan to mark their progress 
 through the promised land, and to be perpetual memo- 
 rials to them and their children of the goodness of God. 
 
Long may it be said of these colleges as of those ancient 
 memorials, 'They are there unto this day." 
 
 A noble list of colleges they are, founded in prayer 
 and sacrifice by Christian men and vvp.men, who had an 
 heroic faith in the future greatness of the country 
 which, as pioneers, they were laboring to build up. 
 
 Such an institution, founded in such a spirit, by such 
 men and women, is Pacific University. It were useless, 
 in the short time allotted me this afternoon, to attempt 
 anything approaching a complete historical sketch of 
 the college. I must content myself with bringing be- 
 fore you briefly some of the salient features connected 
 with the early days of the institution. The history of 
 human institutions is largely the history of individuals. 
 Today we celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the found- 
 ing of a college, but we gather here to honor not the 
 institution but the founders of it. 
 
 As we look back to the early days of Pacific Univer- 
 sity, among those who were instrumental in promoting 
 its work four figures stand out conspicuous for the part 
 which they had in establishing it and molding its char- 
 acter. The first of these is that of a woman, Mrs. Tab- 
 itha Mofifett Brown, who, a widow and nearly three 
 score and ten, came to Oregon with the family of her 
 son. With no family cares pressing upon her, but with 
 the love of God and humanity in her heart, she cast 
 about her for some work she could do. She became 
 ''Grandma Brown" to all the Willamette valley. She 
 was nurse to all the neighbors far and wide, and there 
 were few neighbors who were near in those days. Like 
 that ancient Tabitha of St. Paul's time, she was "full 
 of good works and alms deeds which she did." At last 
 she found the work for which she is best known in these 
 
10 
 
 parts, and fifty-one years ago this summer she decided 
 to open a school and home for orphaned children of 
 pioneers. Some fifteen or twenty such children, rang- 
 ing in age from 2 years to 15, she gathered into an 
 orphanage in the log church which stood on the site 
 now marked by the petrified stump in our campus. 
 Donations of furniture, bedding and provisions were 
 made by neighbors, and the older children of the school 
 assisted as they were able in doing the housework and 
 caring for the younger children. Early in the next 
 year, 1848, the number of homeless waifs depending 
 upon Mrs. Brown was much increased through the 
 exodus of men to the newly-discovered gold mines in 
 CaHfornia, and larger quarters were secured by the 
 erection of a log house of somewhat pretentious propor- 
 tions by people who had become interested in the work 
 of the orphanage. This house stood where is now the 
 residence of Dr. D. W. Ward. 
 
 When Tualatin Academy was organized this orphan 
 school was absorbed in it, and so became the nucleus 
 out of which the academy and college grew. 
 
 Mrs. Brown was of New England birth, the daughter 
 of Dr. Joseph MofTett, of Brimfield, Mass., of old Puri- 
 tan stock, and became the wife of Rev. Clark Brown, 
 a Congregational clergyman of talent and good stand- 
 ing in Massachusetts. 
 
 Associated with Mrs. Brown in the work of the or- 
 phanage, and actively co-operating with her in all her 
 plans, was Rev. Harvey Clark, the second of our group 
 of four pioneer founders. He was born in Chester, Vt., 
 and came to Oregon in 1841 as an independent mis- 
 sionary to the Indians. He settled upon his land claim 
 on which the present town of Forest Grove is located, 
 and built a log house, whose last-remaining timbers 
 
11 
 
 were torn away only a few years ago to make room for 
 more modern buildings. 
 
 While the orphange, as a temporary refuge for home- 
 less children, was Mrs. Brown's especial work, Mr. 
 Clark, who, with his wife, previously, had conducted 
 a school for several terms in his own house, seems to 
 have cherished for some years before its accomplish- 
 ment the plan of establishing at this place a permanent 
 school. He waited for the opportunity of carrying it 
 out. Subsequently he made possible the realization 
 of his hopes by donating 200 acres of his land as a foun- 
 dation fund, and later still another large tract to assist 
 in payment of teachers who were engaged in the work. 
 This land was laid out in lots, and the proceeds from 
 their sale helped to maintain the academy and college 
 in their earlier years. Mr. Clark's gift involved the 
 formation of no syndicate. It was a gift outright, and 
 without any conditions whatever. From it he derived 
 not one dollar of pecuniary advantage. No town lots 
 were reserved, the proceeds of whose sale should go 
 into his own pocket. He is spoken of by the men who 
 knew him as peculiarly unselfish. "The most unselfish 
 man I ever knew," said William Painter, the Walla 
 Walla pioneer, to me the other day. And Mr. Hinman 
 pays the same tribute to his memory. Not a few col- 
 leges established in the West in recent years, based 
 upon syndicate land grants, would have been spared 
 disaster and ignominy if such disinterested generosity 
 had characterized their founders. 
 
 But, to resume our sketch. While Mr. Clark's hopes 
 and plans for a permanent school were maturing in his 
 mind, and he was waiting the opportunity to put them 
 into effect, the man was on the ocean en route to Ore- 
 gon who was to bring him help and encouragement in 
 
12 
 
 the enterprise that lay near his heart. This was Rev. 
 George H. Atkinson, the first to be sent out by our 
 Home Missionary Society to carry the gospel to the 
 Pacific Coast. With his young wife he sailed from 
 Boston in October, 1847, by way of Cape Horn and the 
 Sandwich islands, reaching Oregon City eight months 
 later, in June, 1848, almost exactly fifty years ago. Like 
 the true New England pioneer missionary that he was, 
 Dr. Atkinson carried with him into his new field a 
 well-defined purpose to plant schools as well as churches 
 there, and learning soon after his arrival of the orphan 
 school at Forest Grove, he rode over from Oregon City 
 and visited Mr. Clark in his log house. From him 
 he learned that he was seeking an opportunity to estab- 
 Hsh just such a school as himself had in mind. The 
 two men immediately combined counsel and effort to 
 the accomplishment of their purpose. The first result 
 was an association of ministers, held at Oregon City on 
 September 21, 1848, at which resolutions were passed 
 establishing an academy at Tualatin Plains — afterwards 
 known as Forest Grove. 
 
 This is the event whose fiftieth anniversary we ob- 
 serve today. It was a small beginning and not very 
 rich in promise for the future, save as these men looked 
 out with the eye of faith to see the time when the 
 fertile plains about them should be the seat of a popu- 
 lous and prosperous commonwealth, and upon the foun- 
 dations which they laid that day other hands should 
 build a superstructure that in due time should become 
 a center of influence throughout that commonwealth. 
 We have lived to see that day beginning to dawn for 
 Oregon and Pacific University. 
 
 Among all the pioneers of the state no man has had a 
 clearer vision of its possibilities than had Dr. Atkin- 
 
13 
 
 son. Probably there was none who had so complete 
 and intimate knowledge of its almost boundless re- 
 sources. And his interest in every form of material de- 
 velopment was very keen. He was continually preach- 
 ing the gospel of hope for the future development ot 
 Oregon, not only to us at home, but also the friends 
 on the other side of the continent, in the pulpit, on the 
 platform, and in the public press. Among the inter- 
 ests which lay nearest his heart was the college in whose 
 founding he took a leading part. To the time of his 
 death ten years ago he was the first secretary of its 
 board of trustees; was always present at its annual com- 
 mencements, and always remembered to pray on a set 
 day of the week for its welfare. 
 
 Perhaps no single service which Dr. Atkinson per- 
 formed for the college was greater or of more far- 
 reaching importance in its results than that of securing 
 for it the man who was its first president. For five 
 years after the founding of the academy there were no 
 permanent teachers, nor an established curriculum. 
 Devoted and earnest men like D. R. Williams, Gushing 
 Eells and J. M. Keeler taught in the log church and 
 schoolhouse during this time, but little progress was 
 made towards a permanent institution. And Dr. Atkin- 
 son went East — the great source from which many 
 blessings flow, both of money and men — to obtain if 
 possible aid for his infant enterprises in Oregon. From 
 the College Society he obtained a grant of $600 per 
 year, and discovered a man whom he persuaded to be- 
 come head of the school at Tualatin Plains, and develop 
 it into a college. This was Sidney Harper Marsh, a 
 young Vermonter, 28 years old, just out of the sem- 
 inary, and looking about for an opening to his life's 
 work. From several generations of teachers he in- 
 
14 
 
 herited — if such things are inherited — a teacher's taste 
 and traits. His father was President James Marsh, of the 
 University of Vermont, who, though he died at the early 
 age of 48, stood among the very first of American edu- 
 cators sixty years ago; and his grandfather was Eleazer 
 Wheelock, the first president of Dartmouth College, 
 and who assisted with his own hands in clearing the 
 ground for the present campus of that institution. A 
 man with such antecedents and such ancestral examples 
 could scarcely fail to have the instincts of a teacher, and 
 Mr. Marsh accepted enthusiastically the invitation to 
 go out to Oregon and try to build up in that far terri- 
 tory a college similar to those with which he was famil- 
 iar in New England. He had no knowledge of pioneer 
 conditions; he had been reared in a scholarly home 
 amid the refinements of the best society of a university 
 town, and had to meet in his new field his first expe- 
 rience of the hardships and deprivations of frontier life. 
 But, though he came to Oregon the tenderest sort of 
 a tenderfoot, he had those qualities of heart and head 
 which develop the sturdiest of pioneers. He had come 
 with the purpose of remaining for his life work, and 
 remain he did, though amid discouragements and diffi- 
 culties that at times almost completely disheartened 
 him. The realization that the country was hardly yet 
 prepared for the sort of work which he came to estab- 
 Hsh struck Hke a blow upon his sensitive spirit, and 
 sometimes it seemed to him that he had come ten 
 years too soon, the struggle and discouragement he was 
 compelled to endure were so great. However, he set 
 promptly and resolutely to work, secured from the 
 state a new charter giving the young institution col- 
 legiate powers, arranged a full curriculum of college 
 studies, which he tried to persuade students to enter. 
 
15 
 
 Most of the work of college instruction he was com- 
 pelled to do himself, and with almost none of those 
 appliances which we have come to beheve essential to 
 successful teaching. And there was , little in his out- 
 ward circumstances that afforded encouragement or 
 comfort to an overworked and anxious man. Without 
 any place he could call home he used as study and 
 chamber the unfinished second story of the building we 
 now call Science Hall, climbing to it by a ladder and 
 making his bed upon trestles standing upon the joists 
 of the unfloored room. Very often, when the dis- 
 couragements of the situation seemed almost over- 
 whelming, he said to me once, he would go and talk 
 with Grandma Brown, and the good soul would cheer 
 him up and bid him take heart, for she believed he was 
 doing the Lord's work, and in the right way. Nothing 
 but a grim determination to "stay it out" prevented 
 him from giving up the task and going back to the com- 
 forts of an Eastern life. 
 
 After two or three years of this work there began 
 an improvement; more students came, and they began 
 to stay long enough to get into college classes. There 
 was need of larger income than the small amount which 
 came from the College Society, and he went East in 
 1859 and secured about $20,000 as a permanent fund; 
 six years later he raised about the same amount in the 
 same way. In 1870 he made a third trip for a similar 
 purpose, and his friend, A. S. Hatch, of New York, of 
 the firm of Fisk & Hatch, bankers, said to him: "You 
 have made no provision for yourself. The other teach- 
 ers are being provided for. What about your own 
 family?" He proposed a presidential endowment fund, 
 headed the subscription with a generous amount, and 
 by a personal canvass among his friends secured in a few 
 
16 
 
 weeks an additional $20,000 of endowment. President 
 Marsh also in these visits secured additional teachers, 
 and somewhat more than 5,000 volumes for a college 
 library. The college was thus put upon what, for 
 those times, was a good foundation. The number of 
 students increased steadily, and the faculty was enlarged 
 to meet the needs of the time. 
 
 This in a few words is the work for which we do 
 honor to President Marsh. Upon the academy which 
 he found weak and small he built a college, and left it 
 well organized, fairly well equipped, with an endow- 
 ment sufficient for its needs at that time, and a char- 
 acter established for all time for sound learning and 
 thorough instruction. 
 
 He died in February, 1879, having been Pacific Uni- 
 versity's first president for twenty-five years. 
 
 It would be an act of sheer injustice to fail to men- 
 tion briefly in this connection some of the men who 
 rendered valuable assistance to the academy and col- 
 lege in its early days. Rev. Elkanah Walker and his 
 wife, devoted missionaries to the Indians, who were 
 driven out of the Walla Walla country by the Whit- 
 man massacre and settled at Forest Grove, made gen- 
 erous gifts of land, and encouraged the enterprise in 
 many ways. 
 
 Dea. T. G. Naylor, Alvin T. Smith and Henry Buxton 
 also gave generously to its support, and the erection 
 of the first college building. Rev. Gushing Eells was one 
 of the earliest teachers, laboring with rare zeal and de- 
 votion, both before President Marsh's arrival and 
 afterwards. He also founded a chair in the college, 
 giving of his slender means a generous sum of money, 
 which, by the careful husbanding of the treasurer, is 
 
17 
 
 now nearly large enough to make it available for the 
 purposes for which it was given. He was a missionary 
 of the sturdiest sort. Eschewingthecomfortsof civilized 
 life, and pushing his way beyond the advancing fronusr, 
 he constantly courted the hardships of pioneer life, even 
 after he had reached an advanced age. His later years 
 were largely devoted to the building up of Whitman 
 College, of which he was the founder. 
 
 Another of the early teachers was E. D. Shattuck, a 
 native of Vermont, who has given all the active years 
 of a long and useful life to the interests of his adopted 
 state. He is today one of the most honored jurists of 
 this commonwealth, having been kept for many years 
 by the votes of men of all parties upon the bench of 
 the most important judicial circuit in Oregon, from 
 which he retired only last week, revered both for his 
 upright character and his legal attainments. (We had 
 hoped to be honored by his presence with us today.) 
 
 Another of the earliest teachers — perhaps, indeed, 
 the oldest living teacher of Tualatin Academy — we are 
 exceedingly glad to have among our guests on this 
 occasion, Mrs. Elizabeth Miller Wilson, of The Dalles, 
 Or. She was a teacher here in the year 185 1. 
 
 A teacher who came to assist President Marsh when 
 the work of the college had begun to grow and was 
 become too heavy for one man; who labored unceas- 
 ingly with him in all his plans, and bore the heaviest 
 burden of the work during his absence in the East, was 
 Rev. Horace Lyman. Beloved as a father by students 
 who came under his influence, held in highest honor by 
 all who knew him, the memory of Father Lyman is 
 cherished among us today. 
 
 Hon. Alanson Hinman, for many years the honored 
 
18 
 
 and revered president of the trustees, is the only sur- 
 viving member of the original board appointed when 
 the college was incorporated in 1854. Always a firm 
 supporter of President Marsh and a sturdy defender 
 of the best interests of the college, he stood Hke a rock 
 when the shock came, and almost unaided and alone 
 prevented the flood of sectarian control from sweeping 
 it from its moorings. The tribute of the poet Horace 
 to his friend Augustus we pay to thee: ''Serus in coe- 
 lum redeas" (May it be long ere you return to heaven). 
 After an interim of one year from the death of Dr. 
 Marsh, Rev. John R. Herrick succeeded to the presi- 
 dency, retiring three years later. During his admin- 
 istration the Ladies' Hall was built with funds secured 
 by him from Eastern friends. Two years ago the trus- 
 tees named the building ''Herrick Hall" in his honor. 
 
 Jacob F. Ellis was the third president, from 1883 
 to 1 89 1, when the present administration came in. 
 
 These seven years since 1891 have marked a notable 
 advance in the work of the college along all lines. The 
 courses of study have been greatly extended, and the 
 standard raised; the corps of instructors has been 
 strengthened, and the enrollment of students increased. 
 This period has seen the erection of this fine building, a 
 memorial to the first president, at a cost of nearly $50,- 
 000, largely contributed by residents of this town and 
 the state; and, last of all, the securing of the Pearsons 
 fund, a work which for three years has haunted the day 
 dreams and night dreams of the man who has accom- 
 pHshed the task. With a persistence and a devotion to 
 duty derived doubtless from his Scotch-Irish ancestry 
 and his birth in old Ulster, he has persevered in the 
 face of the greatest difficulties. We rejoice in the sue- 
 
19 
 
 cess which he has achieved. We are proud of him 
 whom the Congregationahst characterized as "a. schol- 
 arly and winsome gentleman," able thus to win some 
 golden opinions for himself and golden jducats for Pacific 
 University. 
 
 The academy was founded fifty years ago, and we 
 very properly observe its golden jubilee at this time. 
 But fifty years may seem a long time in the history of an 
 institution, and our growth may appear slow. Indeed, 
 in these latter days, under the benevolent influence of 
 a Rockefeller or a Leland Stanford, great universities 
 have sprung up in a single night; they have come into 
 existence full grown and well equipped. But not such 
 has been the history of most of the colleges that have 
 had largest part in molding our national character. 
 They began in a small way. Their early growth was 
 slow and painful. They came to greatness only 
 through much struggle and hardship and disappointing 
 labor. And is it not quite possible that the best work 
 of Harvard, Yale and Princeton — the work that has 
 counted for most in the interest of humanity and civili- 
 zation — was done in the days when they were small, 
 when equipment was limited and instructors were few? 
 That work was done when the community was in a for- 
 mative condition, and the molding influence of a few 
 devoted men might count for much. Who shall esti- 
 mate the influence of these colleges, even in their day 
 of small things, upon the pioneer life of our country, in 
 helping to estabHsh upon this continent the grandest 
 civilization which the world has seen? America stands 
 today unrivaled among the nations as an example of 
 free popular government; and the pioneer Christian 
 college has been a mighty factor in producing this re- 
 sult. 
 
20 
 
 Few of the New England colleges, which began 
 under similar conditions, were more advanced at th^ir 
 jubilee than is Pacific University today. Yale and 
 Harvard were insignificant institutions, with the slen- 
 derest of endowment or equipment. Williams was 
 founded in 1793, and fifty years later its faculty com- 
 prised three professors and two tutors. It had two 
 buildings, and an endowment of about $50,000. When 
 Bowdoin was 50 years old it had four or five buildings, 
 but all small. There were seven professors and 159 
 students. Its income-yielding funds amounted to 
 $112,000, with other college property estimated at 
 $58,000. It had a library of 23,000 volumes, mostly 
 gifts, the amount expended annually upon the library 
 being $200. "It felt itself nearly upon an equality 
 with Harvard at that time," says my informant. 
 
 There are peculiar reasons why the growth of Tual- 
 atin Academy into the college, and the growth of the 
 college, have been slow. Two conditions at least at 
 the beginning are conspicuous — lack of funds and ab- 
 sence of a large contiguous population. There were 
 hardly a dozen families within a half dozen miles of the 
 campus at the time this institution was founded. The 
 territorial government of Oregon was not set up till 
 the following year, and the entire Northwest Territory, 
 a region more than two and one-half times as large 
 as all of New England, had, at the census two years 
 later, only 13,000 people; and such was its distance 
 and isolation from the populous centers of the country 
 that its development was necessarily exceedingly slow. 
 
 For many years the Sandwich Islands formed the 
 base of supplies for Oregon, and later, until a compara- 
 tively recent date, the channels of commerce were 
 reached only through California. It was not till the 
 
21 
 
 fall of 1883 — less than 15 years ago — that Ore^e^on had 
 its first railroad connection with the rest of the coun- 
 try. 
 
 We think the growth of the college has kept pace 
 with the growth of the state; and for both we believe 
 a larger future is just before. When our country has 
 fairly entered upon its era of territorial extension, when 
 Hawaii has become fully ours, and the far Philippines a 
 part of our insular possessions, then shall this Pacific Coast 
 country come into its rightful heritage. Its population 
 will grow to number millions; its fertile plains and val- 
 leys will be cultivated; its wonderful resources of tim- 
 ber, minerals and water-power will be developed, and 
 its existing institutions will have opportunity for 
 growth and for influence far beyond even the fondest 
 hopes of the men who labored unceasingly to found 
 them. 
 
 President McCLELLAND: Just in this connection, 
 while the history of the early days of this institution is 
 fresh in our minds, I want to merely introduce to the 
 audience Deacon Peter H. Hatch (great applause), the 
 man who came out from Oregon City with Dr. Atkin- 
 son, all the way on foot, to plan with Rev. Harvey 
 Clark for founding this institution. We are honored 
 by his presence today. (Applause.) He was one of 
 the first trustees of the institution. He wants to say 
 just a word. 
 
 Deacon HATCH : One thing is brought to my mind 
 that I want to speak of. There is no more tender rec- 
 ollection than one thing in connection with this old 
 log cabin that was built for "Grandma Brown." The 
 other day I found a letter from Mrs. Tabitha Brown, in 
 which she said: "I wish you would give me something 
 in writing so that I can always call that lot my own.** 
 
22 
 
 So I wrote a deed to the lot and gave it to her. That 
 was the ground that has been mentioned in Professor 
 Ferrin's address today. Where it was I have forgot- 
 ten. There was a Httle shanty first built on it, but 
 that was not big enough after a little while, and then 
 we built the log house. They were not able to hire 
 it built, and I said: "I believe I can build that log 
 house," and I went to work and pulled up the logs 
 and built the house, and it answered for my house and 
 schoolhouse and church; and I tell you, my friends, I 
 felt more at home there than I do here today. But 
 the results are enough to pay me for all the labor I 
 did, and I wish you God-speed. I have labored all my 
 days to build up something good if I could, and have 
 the satisfaction to see that wherever I have torn down 
 something better has grown up its place. (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We are fortunate to- 
 day in having with us one of our venerable trustees, a 
 man known and honored not only in this state but 
 throughout the whole country — Senator Corbett. 
 (Applause.) He has represented this state in the 
 years gone by in the United States senate, and though 
 I am not a politician today, yet some of us are hoping 
 that he will very soon represent this state again in the 
 United States senate. (Applause.) Mind you, I have 
 no secrets to let out, for I know nothing about what 
 is in the minds of the politicians; I am simply express- 
 ing the hope of a great many citizens of Oregon. Mr. 
 Corbett has a brief financial statement to make which 
 I think will be of interest to this audience. 
 
 Senator CORBETT: Ladies and Gentlemen: Per- 
 haps some little sketch or statement in reference to 
 the financial condition of the institution in connection 
 with its early history will supply the missing link of 
 
23 
 
 Tabitha Brown*s cottage. Tabitha Brown gave to the 
 institution the log house and lot on which it was sit- 
 uated. We rented it for a time, and finally sold it so 
 that it produced $506.60. That stsn has been kept 
 sacred, and has been reinvested from time to time, un- 
 til the sum now reaches $3,823.17. (Great applause.) 
 The gift has been cherished and preserved, and it is 
 the intention of the trustees to preserve this fund until 
 it shall reach a sufficient sum to maintain a professor- 
 ship. The Rev. Mr. Eells also left a certain amount of 
 lots and property in the town of Forest Grove, which 
 sold for $2,645. It now reaches the sum of $10,683 
 from reinvestment and care. It is intended to continue 
 the reinvestment until it shall reach a sufficient sum to 
 maintain a professorship. President Marsh, who 
 labored so faithfully, and with whom I had great sym- 
 pathy in his active efforts in establishing this institu- 
 tion and maintaining it through all the trials and tribu- 
 latons, left of his slender means a piece of land which 
 we sold for $659.57. It now reaches the sum of 
 $5,176.53. (Applause.) This sum also we intend to 
 continue to reinvest until it shall reach a sufificient sum 
 to maintain a professorship. Mrs. Margaret Lyman, 
 the widow of Professor Horace Lyman, two years ago 
 gave $1,000, which is being reinvested, and now 
 amounts to $1,120. There is also a memorial fund, 
 called the Benedict fund, given for the purpose of aid- 
 ing needy students, which amounts to $2,169. ^^• 
 Charles Atkinson, of Moline, 111., a brother of Dr. 
 George H. Atkinson, gave to the institution $10,000, 
 the income of which was to be used for the same pur- 
 pose. These funds have been kept separate, and the 
 income used as directed. 
 
 I thouofht this statement would show to vou and to 
 
24 
 
 those of your friends who may desire to contribute to 
 an institution which will sacredly care for the funds, 
 how small sums of money may eventually reach to thou- 
 sands and accrue to the benefit of the institution. There 
 are many gentlemen here who know of the efforts that 
 have been made in securing funds from time to time; 
 and it is hoped that this day may mark a new era in the 
 advancement of this institution. 
 
 The late realization of the raising of the $100,000, in 
 connection with the $50,000 given by Dr. Pearsons, 
 will place the institution on a financial basis which will 
 enabb it to perform a very useful work, a work which, 
 if not so great as that of many Eastern colleges, we 
 hope will 1:. time compare favorably therewith. (Ap- 
 plause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: Senator Corbe.t's mod- 
 esty prevented him from reading the peroration to his 
 address. Just now we have completed, through the 
 generosity of two gentlemen in Philadelphia — Mr. John 
 H. Converse, and Dr. Williams, of the Baldwin Loco- 
 motive Works, and another gentleman in Oregon, who 
 was so modest just now as not to mention the fact — a 
 chair of mathematics, which will for the years to come — 
 many of them, we hope — accrue to the benefit of the 
 professor who read his able and interesting paper this 
 afternoon. (Applause.) Mr. Converse and Dr. Will- 
 iams gave $10,000 for this Vermont chair of mathe- 
 matics, on condition that a sufficient sum should be 
 added to that to bring it up to $25,000. When I re- 
 ported this to the trustees. Senator Corbett, before 
 we left the meeting, made good the condition, only 
 that he added $3,000 more, bringing it up to $28,- 
 
25 
 
 oco (applause), his part of this Vermont chair being 
 $18,000. 
 
 While we are on this question of funds, I want to 
 read a brief letter from Dr. Pearsons. - Previous to this 
 time he sent us his check for $15,000 to do the last 
 work on Marsh Memorial Hall. I received this letter 
 from him two days ago: 
 
 ^'President McClelland: I inclose check for $35,- 
 
 000. I want you to hold this check until the nth of 
 July, and then give it to your treasurer. The $50,000 
 I have now given you belongs to the Vermont con- 
 tingency. Atkinson was a schoolmate of mine and 
 Marsh was an old friend. Please give me a full ac- 
 count of your endowment, so that I can file it away 
 with others. I am pleased with your work, and hope 
 you will keep the endowment sacred. You have 
 worked hard to get it, and I hope it will go in perpe- 
 tuity and do good to the coming generations. Truly, 
 
 "D. K. PEARSONS." 
 
 (Great applause.) It has not been my pleasure often 
 to exhibit a check for $35,000, but this is a veritable 
 check, and I leave it to one of our honored trustees 
 to say — 
 
 (Here, amid the continued applause, the President 
 turned and exhibited the check to Mr. Corbett, who 
 said, 'It is good." President McClelland then con- 
 tinued.): 
 
 It bears on its face a stamp; it has contributed 2 cents 
 to the prosecution of the war against Spain and for 
 the freedom of Cuba. (Great applause.) 
 
 Dr. BARTON, of Boston, was recognized by the 
 President as soon as the enthusiasm had measurably 
 subsided, and he said: 
 
26 
 
 Mr. President: It might be well for this whole con- 
 gregation to put its stamp upon these proceedings, and 
 have a little share in this rejoicing and in the thanks 
 which must go forth from this institution to Dr. Pear- 
 sons. I have prepared, by request, the resolution 
 which I now ofifer to be adopted by this mass meeting, 
 if you shall so please: 
 
 "Resolved, That the delegates and attendants of the 
 National Council, gathered at Forest Grove on this 
 day when the receipt of a check from Dr. D. K, Pear- 
 sons completes the $150,000 endowment of Pacific Uni- 
 versity, desire to express our gratification and that of 
 the churches and schools which we represent, in the 
 success of this protracted and heroic effort, and our 
 thanks to Dr. Pearsons for this worthy and generous 
 gift; and we rejoice with him in the rare privilege which 
 he is enjoying of building his own large effort into so 
 many of the institutions which are to rule the future." 
 
 I move the adopton of this resolution. 
 The motion was seconded, and the resolution was 
 unanimously adopted by a rising vote. 
 
 President McCLELLAND: I heard Dr. MacKenzie, 
 not very long ago, on an anniversary occasion, speak 
 of the early days of Harvard in connection with the 
 history of his own great church in Cambridge. Speak- 
 ing of the time when that church, which was so closely 
 associated with Harvard, had reached its fiftieth year, 
 he said that "That year seven men were graduated from 
 Harvard, but in that time seven men were a multitude." 
 In 1862 one man was graduated from Pacific University, 
 who in that day and from that day to this has been a 
 host in himself. You have heard from Oregon recently 
 (the state had just been carried for sound money); and 
 
27 
 
 in hearing from Oregon you have heard from Harvey 
 W. Scott (applause), the first graduate of Pacific Uni- 
 versity. He knows how to write so that his words 
 go forth with the precision of a mim^-ball and with 
 the force of a siege-gun, when there is any great cause 
 contending for the mastery. I have the very great 
 pleasure of introducing to you this afternoon Harvey 
 W. Scott, the editor of the Oregonian. (Great ap- 
 plause.) 
 
 Mr. SCOTT: Mr. President and Friends: Wel- 
 come as I am always told I am to this, my old home 
 (and I always feel at home here), so I join today in 
 welcoming here our friends from abroad, our friends 
 from other states, our friends of the Congregational 
 Association who have done us the honor to pay us this 
 visit this day, and who have kindly come here to see 
 what we are doing at this out-post of the American 
 continent. 
 
 This college has always been nominally Congrega- 
 tional, but only nominally so; it has not been sectarian. 
 It is nominally Congregational, but Congregationalism 
 itself is somewhat nominal, if I may say so. (Laughter 
 and applause.) It is independent; it covers a very wide 
 range. It is a far cry, a long reach, in the matter of 
 doctrine, from Jonathan Edwards to Lyman Abbott. 
 (Applause.) But the school includes much that is not 
 even nominally or professedly Congregational, or be- 
 longing to any religious denomination whatever. Its 
 scope is as broad as the educational work of this coun- 
 try. (Applause.) And it is doing and has done as 
 much for education in this country as any of our col- 
 leges whatever, and I am sure that colleges or univer- 
 sities supported by our states have not — not one of 
 them has — done more than this. Its work during these 
 
28 
 
 fifty years shows for itself; 'the results are before the 
 world. 
 
 Devotion to a great duty, devotion to a high ideal, 
 admits of no obstacles, yields to no discouragements, 
 confesses to no defeats. The difficulties of founding 
 this institution have been great, but the difficulties 
 have never been taken account of by those who have 
 pursued this work. In a state or community as remote 
 as this from the great centers of population and from 
 the larger material and commercial influences of the 
 country, in a state where population is* sparse — and 
 the whole population of the state of Oregon at this 
 moment is perhaps not equal to the population of the 
 city of Boston — it is difficult, I say, in such a commun- 
 ity, to found and maintain a college. But we believe 
 — we know, indeed — that the greatest of the difficulties 
 have passed. It has been as difficult, however, let me 
 say, by way of illustration, to carry on this work as it 
 has been in another field of labor that I may mention 
 because I am acquainted with it particularly, to make a 
 newspaper in a community so widely dispersed and so 
 small in population as this. But this work, and every 
 other work in the country, has gone forward, and the 
 success of this work and of the others has been largely 
 due to the self-sacrificing devotion of those who have 
 pursued those objects. There has been no respite, no 
 pastime, no holiday work in the business; it has all 
 been earnest, energetic labor. 
 
 I wish to say a word — as I do at every time when I 
 have opportunity to speak it — in favor of these smaller 
 colleges of the country. I believe these smaller col- 
 leges are the seed-fields of our future growth, of our 
 harvest to come. I do not undervalue the greater uni- 
 
29 
 
 versities. Each state is 'endeavoring to build up a 
 state university; some of the greatest universities of the 
 country are supported as state institutions; and other 
 great universities in our Eastern states are standing 
 upon their own merits and holding out to the educa- 
 tional world great promise and prospects. Such there 
 are; but these great universities cannot, in my judg- 
 ment, and ought not to be permitted to supersede these 
 smaller colleges. These colleges of the country exert 
 an influence in the communities in which they are 
 situated, and carry their influence into the country 
 around them. The country cannot do without them. 
 (Great applause.) It is our duty to support these 
 smaller colleges, and we should in no wise undervalue 
 them, much less should we be ashamed of them. (Ap- 
 plause.) The future of each of our states is largely 
 wrapped up in them; they carry our educational future. 
 Nor do I believe that it is necessary for us to send our 
 sons and daughters away to the great universities to 
 be educated. I am not of those who believe that. It 
 is well enough, indeed, and I do not speak against it; 
 but I do say that it is far better to educate our sons 
 and daughters among us. Certain advantages, no 
 doubt it may be asserted, will accrue — must accrue — to 
 ■ those who are sent away from home to the greater 
 universities; but it seems to me that those who are to 
 live here and to work here can be educated best in 
 touch with our own surroundings. It seems to me 
 that our experience — the experience in this country 
 during the last forty years — very well supports that 
 contention. We are situated here where we have a full 
 view of the world around us. We are not provincial. 
 Will our Eastern friends permit me to say that the East 
 
30 
 
 always seems to me far more provincial than the West. 
 (Great laughter and applause.) We stand here where 
 we have a wider survey than is had elsewhere. We 
 know from this point what is going on in all parts of 
 the world. We are in touch here with every country 
 in the world. That is perfectly true. We know becter 
 what is going on in Valparaiso, in Calcutta, in Constan- 
 tinople, in the islands of the sea and the ends of the 
 earth, than most of the population in New York or 
 Boston. (Laughter and applause.) And the reason is 
 this: that our attention is not directed solely to our own 
 little interests. There they are directed to their own 
 interests — I will not say they are small; but if any one 
 who has been brought up in the West and Hves in the 
 West wishes to see provincialism, let him go to the 
 great city of New York. It thinks that it is abso- 
 lutely the center of the universe; it knows nothing of 
 the American continent, or cares Httle about it; and I 
 must say that in regard to Boston or Baltimore it is 
 not very much different. (Laughter.) Now, that is 
 not strange. They are centered within themselves. 
 But we have relations with ^ the world at large; rela- 
 tions that come intimately home to a greater propor- 
 tion of our people than in the great cities and communi- 
 ties of the East. They live there within themselves. 
 We do not for one moment suppose that we are the 
 universe! (Great laughter and applause.) But we 
 stand on heights here; on our mountain heights from 
 which we see the world. We do not view the world 
 solely from the lowlands — the netherlands — of our own 
 private views and interests, but we think from greater 
 heights. 
 
 This institution is beginning now a fine growth. The 
 foundation of that growth lies far back; it lies back in 
 
31 
 
 the great effort that has been made here, beginning 
 with the work of Dr. Atkinson and Grandma Brown 
 and Deacon Hatch, seconded by the work of the first 
 president. Dr. Marsh, of blessed and hallowed memory. 
 It is a place to which our youth can be sent for instruc- 
 tion, where the attention will not be distracted from 
 their proper studies. And I believe that while Soc- 
 rates and Isaiah speak the same words everywhere, to 
 all people, yet I think that our facilities, our means for 
 understanding what they say, are equal here to those ex- 
 isting in any part of the world. Here is a fine place 
 for study, under the best influences and direction. It 
 is almost the same or equal to that described in Mil- 
 ton's magnificent verse about the — 
 
 "Olive grove of Academe, 
 Plato's retirement, where the Attic bird 
 Trills her thick-warbled notes the summer long; 
 There flowVy hill Hymettus, with the sound 
 Of bees' industrious murmur, oft invites 
 To studious musing." 
 
 We may complete the parallel here, and as there it 
 was said, "Ilissus rolls his whisp'ring stream," so we 
 have our beautiful murmuring stream at our feet. We 
 who are acquainted with Oregon would not exchange 
 her air, her verdure, her amber streams, her great moun- 
 tains, for anything of like character the world over; 
 and they who live for any length of time on the Pacific 
 Coast well understand why that is so. A casual visitor, 
 of course, will not fully see it, because it takes some 
 time to become accustomed to what you see and find 
 here. (Laughter.) No, do not consider that a joke, 
 neither. (More laughter.) For, let me tell you all, 
 there never was a person who lived for two years on 
 the Pacific Coast who ever found it tolerable to exist 
 
32 
 
 on the other slope of the Rocky mountains. (Renewed 
 laughter and applause.) But I am sure I have said 
 enough in praise of Oregon. 
 
 And now, friends, I have only to say that I join with 
 the president of this college and with all here, in ex- 
 pressing thanks for your visit to Oregon and to this 
 place. I am sure that upon your return you will not 
 speedily forget us; and I am sure, furthermore, that 
 you will make a good report upon what you have seen 
 and experienced here, for it is not possible for you 
 to make any other. (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We are very highly 
 honored this afternoon in having with us a representa- 
 tive of the Congregational Union of England and 
 \\'ales, and the president of a board of trustees of Mans- 
 field College, England, Rev. Dr. Mackennell, who has 
 very kindly consented to give us a word of greeting 
 from the Fatherland and from that institution which 
 we all love. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. MACKENNELL: Really I feel so much be- 
 wildered this afternoon that I shall be able to say very 
 little, except that I do greet you very heartily, and I 
 am quite sure that I am warranted in saying that I 
 represent the Congregational churches in conveying 
 this greeting; and, I am bold to say, as one who knows 
 intimately Dr. Fairbairn and those associated with 
 Mansfield College in spirit, that Mansfield College 
 greets very heartily and very fraternally this institution 
 on the Pacific slope. (Applause.) I am bewildered 
 because I seem to have been taking a little look into 
 the beginnings of things; and to stand at the beginning 
 of things, to the native of an old and effete country 
 (laughter), is, indeed, rather perplexing. And I am 
 
33 
 
 perplexed all the more because the absolutely old and 
 the absolutely new are meeting here in such bewilder- 
 ing propinquity. Who would expect to see the electric 
 light among those glaciers and tumifli of stones that 
 mark where the earth is taking its origin? I have list- 
 ened with the utmost pleasure to the statement which 
 was read by Professor Ferrin; a pleasure which has 
 only been exceeded by the delight with which I have 
 heard the speech of Mr. Harvey Scott. He has brought 
 very powerful aid to a theory of mine, that the most 
 provincial place I know anything of is the city of Lon- 
 don (laughter and applause); and, let me add, that by 
 the city of London I mean that city which the Oregon- 
 ian styles "London, England,'* for fear, probably, that 
 it might be confounded with London, Ontario. 
 (Laughter.) But there is a good deal to be learned 
 by contact with the fresh. The lessons of history are 
 very valuable, but it is not every one who is able 
 rightly to apprehend them. The man who goes only 
 to his history for his knowledge is likely to make a very 
 poor use of the knowledge which he possesses. I won- 
 der how it would affect most of you here to be told that 
 in England during the last century we have only wit- 
 nessed the founding of two universities, the University 
 of London and the Victoria University, which is mainly 
 made use of by the North of England. And I wonder 
 what you will think when I tell you that even with the 
 addition of these two universities our total number 
 in England amounts to five. 
 
 I heartily concur — very heartily concur — with the 
 general statement of Mr. Harvey Scott that it is the 
 duty of people where they have a university of their 
 own, rather to seek the development of it than to in- 
 dulge their ambition and work for degrees in a place 
 
34 
 
 of very much higher standard of learning. Of course, 
 as Captain Cuttle says, "the value of that observation 
 lies in the application of it," and I am not about to 
 make applications either to the advantage or to the 
 disadvantage of Yale or Harvard. But I may say that 
 in connection with the education of my own children I 
 have chosen rather to send them to a new university 
 lying at my own doors than to send them to one of the 
 more distinguished and more honorable universities 
 lying away. And for this reason: that in the education 
 of our youth we have not only to remember what the 
 institution may do for the alumnus, but we have to re- 
 member and ought to remember what the graduate does 
 for his university. (Great applause.) 
 
 I do not, however, intend to lecture you, even though 
 I stand upon an academic platform. It is the vigor and 
 the brightness of Mr. Harvey Scott that has led 
 me along this line. You will believe me when I say 
 that with all the bewilderment which I have felt, with 
 all the profound interest with which I have listened to 
 these statements, the deepest feeling in my heart is that 
 of admiration for the grace of God in these lives that 
 have been commemorated, and congratulation to you 
 who have gathered here this afternoon to listen to so 
 beautiful a story, and the very earnest desire that 
 Pacific University may, before it is as old as Har/ard or 
 Yale, have acquired, as I believe it will have acquired, 
 an influence equal to that which either of those institu- 
 tions deservedly possesses today. (Great applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: The ladies have pre- 
 pared out in the grove just back of the building a col- 
 lation which will be served in a little time. We have 
 some very rich things in store for you in the evening. 
 
35 
 
 We propose to give you a recess after I have introduced 
 one other speaker. This speaker, and the one who will 
 follow after the collation, need very Httje introduction 
 to this audience. I am incHned merely to tell you a 
 story, which many of you have heard, in introduction 
 of these men: A young woman — perhaps from Ore- 
 gon — visiting Boston some time ago, and trying to 
 decipher one of those milestones which mark the dis- 
 tances around about that ancient city, discovered one, 
 you know, that looked somewhat like a tombstone, and 
 it had written on it this legend: **i M from Boston," 
 and she, taking it for an epitaph, read it, "Fm from 
 Boston," Passing on and giving expression to her 
 feelings, she remarked "Entirely sufficient." (Laugh- 
 ter.) So I shall simply introduce Mr. Samuel B. 
 Capen as from Boston, and that is all-sufficient. (Ap- 
 plause.) 
 
36 
 
 THE CHRISTIAN COLLEGE AS A FACTOR 
 IN OUR CIVILIZATION. 
 
 By Samuel B. Capen. 
 
 There is no chapter in our national history more 
 glorious than that which has had lo do with Christian 
 education, commencing as it did at the birth of the 
 old New England colonies. The school equally with 
 the town-meeiing and the church was seen to be essen- 
 tial to the safety and well-being of the new common- 
 wealth. 
 
 Rut, important as were the common school and ele- 
 mentary education, our fathers were not to be satisfied 
 with these. They felt especially the importance of an 
 educated ministry, and out of their scanty means Harv- 
 ard College was formed in 1638, when as yet there were 
 but twenty or thirty houses in Boston. In the early 
 history we read: "After God had carried us safe to 
 New England and we had builded our homes, provided 
 necessities for our livelihood, selected convenient places 
 for God's worship, and settled the civil government, one 
 of the next things we longed for was to advance learn- 
 ing and perpetuate it to posterity, dreading to have an 
 illiterate ministry to our churches when our present 
 ministry shall lie in the dust." Harvard was called the 
 "School of the Prophets" for a hundred years. Yale 
 ec[ually with Harvard was formed to train m^n for 
 the ministry; in fact, most of our colleges have been 
 established by Christian people with this purpose in 
 nniul, the training of Christian men for service. 
 
 The colleges started by Congregationalists are one 
 of the great glories of our denomination, and it is fit- 
 
37 
 
 ting that one of the four great tablets that are to be 
 affixed to our New Congregational House in Boston 
 should signify Education by representing the founding 
 of Harvard College. You can trace the tnarch of Con- 
 gregationalism across the continent by the institu- 
 tions that it reared at the bivouac-fires where it halted 
 for a time. Harvard, Yale, Amherst, Williams, Dart- 
 mouth, on through the Middle and Western states, we 
 have erected these beacon-lights of civilization till we 
 reach the Pacific slope. 
 
 Pacific University, where we meet today, is such a 
 Christian institution. Its foundations were laid a half- 
 century ago by the men who came to Oregon to plant 
 the Christian Church. We must feel that they were 
 divinely led to place it in the very heart of a region, 
 which, by its location now so near the city of Portland 
 and surrounded by these fertile valleys, will in a few 
 years be crowded with liomes, and as full of activity as 
 the older states in the East. By the wise provision 
 of the original deed of the town excluding saloons on 
 the penalty of the forfeiture of the land, there is the 
 best possible safeguard for a moral community into 
 which our youth can most safely enter. And what a 
 change in fifty years! When President Marsh was in- 
 augurated he spoke from a platform built of drygoods 
 boxes, and the seats for the audience were equally 
 primitive. Today this magnificent Memorial building! 
 
 Its graduates in the ministry and in the other pro- 
 fessions, as well as in business Hfe, have greatly helped 
 to shape this growing state for righteousness. Many 
 who have not been able to complete their full course of 
 study have been inspired by what they have learned, and 
 have gone out to become teachers in the public schools 
 
38 
 
 — thereby scattering the fire lighted at this altar. 
 
 I would like to give three reasons why I believe that 
 the Christian college is growing, from generation to 
 generation, more important as a factor in our civiliza- 
 tion : 
 
 First — Because of the change that has taken place 
 in the character of our population. 
 
 We are no longer a homogeneous population, as we 
 were at the beginning, and this gives America some 
 problems peculiar to itself. To illustrate: A canvass 
 of London was taken some years ago, and it was found 
 that out of every loo people 63 were born in the city 
 and 94 were born in England and Wales. Contrast this 
 with our cities. The population of New York for in- 
 stance is 80 per cent, foreign or children of foreigners of 
 the first generation; Chicago is 87 per cent. While 
 this proportion would not hold in the rural districts, yet 
 we do know that it holds true in large sections of our 
 country. Under these conditions we can no longer 
 provide in our schools the religious teaching which was 
 possible in the early days, when our population was 
 more homogeneous. Even the Bible has been ex- 
 cluded from use in the schools in many cities. Teach- 
 ers can be employed who are atheists. Whether we 
 like it or not, our public school education is secular 
 and must remain such. With our population what it 
 is, the drift in this direction is unmistakable. 
 
 I am not forgetting the religious character of great 
 numbers of teachers in our public schools, and five 
 years' experience on the Boston school board has led 
 me to lay the greatest possible emphasis upon character 
 as the first essential for every teacher. But the ap- 
 pointment of such depends upon the school boards, and 
 
39 
 
 often these are composed in part, at least, of those who 
 care too little for such a qualification. This most sa- 
 cred of all municipal departments, that of the public 
 school, has not been kept free from thd blighting hand 
 of politics. 
 
 I know it is argued by some that religious, and espe- 
 cially denominational, colleges are narrow and unneces- 
 sary; that we ought to let the state do all the educat- 
 ing, and let the Christians build churches. But how 
 then shall we certainly provide a sufficient number of 
 Christian teachers who, while they cannot directly 
 teach religious truth in our public schools, can do it in- 
 din^ctly through their life and character? I look back 
 upon my school days and remember well the moulding 
 power of one woman and one man, whose Christian 
 character and influence could not be restrained. To 
 give even this indirect religious teaching which comes 
 through Christian character, we must have religious 
 teaithers trained in the Christian college. Recognizing 
 as we do the value of the Christian teacher in the secu- 
 lar school, we know how they are shorn of much of 
 their power by the necessities of the case. Give, how- 
 ever, these same people the right that they have in a 
 Chiistian institution to supplement their personality by 
 direct teaching, controverting the agnosticism of the 
 day, showing what religion has wrought in the world, 
 and how infinitely almost do we increase their power 
 to mould life and character aright. 
 
 We cannot rightly tax the people to teach religious 
 views in which they do not beHeve, yet if we are to 
 continue as a Christian nation, we must not only con- 
 tinue to have a secular education supported by the state, 
 but it must in the future, as in the past, be supplemented 
 
40 
 
 by the Christian academy and college supported by 
 private funds. 
 
 Secondly — We need the Christian college as never 
 before to furnish trained men for our theological sem- 
 inaries. 
 
 Education has become widely diffused in this coun- 
 try; common people are reading and thinking, and 
 everywhere there is an intellectual quickening. The 
 minister is no longer as he was a hundred years ago, 
 perhaps the only educated man in the community. 
 He now may have many in his congregation who have 
 had a college or university training. We must, there- 
 fore, have educated ministers of the very highest order, 
 if the church is to hold its place in the intelligent think- 
 ing of our day. 
 
 I am not decrying the great value in the world of 
 many men who have taken what are called ''short 
 courses," but the churches will suffer immeasurably if 
 we are to depend in any large measure upon these. 
 Principal Fairbairn has expressed the opinion that ''We 
 have lowered the ministry by lowering the standard of 
 the men who can enter it. They tell us that the age 
 of the pulpit is past. The age of the pulpit is only com- 
 ing, but it will be the age of the competent pulpit." 
 We do not need so much more men as more man in 
 the pulpit. 
 
 The recent measures adopted by the Suffolk South 
 Association, of Massachusetts, the Manhattan Associa- 
 tion, in New York, the New Jersey Association and 
 others, in favor of elevating the standard of the minis- 
 tr}-', are steps in the right direction. 
 
 There never has been an hour in the history of this 
 
41 
 
 country when there was such a demand for men of the 
 highest quaUfications for the gospel ministry. Where 
 shall we obtain such men for our theological seminaries 
 unless we obtain them from our Christian colleges? 
 Statistics show that our state colleges and universities 
 furnish comparatively few men for the theological 
 seminary. Figures obtained a few years ago showed 
 that the Christian colleges furnished 93 per cent, of 
 these theological students, and there is no reason to 
 beheve there has been any material change since. 
 Furthermore, in four New England colleges statistics 
 were gathered some time since, and it was found that 
 from one-fourth to one-fifth of those who entered the 
 ministry were converted after they entered college. 
 The Christian atmosphere of the college, added to the 
 early training, led not only to the consecrated life, but 
 also to the noblest use of a consecrated life, the ministry 
 of Jesus Christ. In the words of Dr. Kirk: "No Chris- 
 tian civilization can exist permanently without a thor- 
 oughly educated and godly ministry, and such a min- 
 istry cannot be perpetuated without the Christian col- 
 lege." 
 
 We have, during the last few years, been passing 
 through a period of great intellectual activity with re- 
 gard to the Bible, and to the great truths of religion. 
 In these discussions the faith of many has become un- 
 settled; here, therefore, especially is the need for the 
 ablest men to present the truth in harmony with the 
 latest scholarship and archaeological research. A relig- 
 ious paper has recently put this truth in the following 
 forcible words: "A wise, strong, thoroughly intellec- 
 tual ministry was never more needed than in our time, 
 when the task of the minister is to lead his laity through 
 the delicate and difficult, yet inevitable, work of restat- 
 
42 
 
 ing the church's conception of the Bible. Theological 
 education, of the sanest and most solid sort, is a matter 
 of life and death to the church. To allow 'practical* 
 problems, however pressing and however stirring they 
 may be, to withdraw attention from this fundamental 
 need is short-sighted and unstatesmanlike." 
 
 Third — We need the Christian college to properly 
 train leaders in civic affairs. 
 
 More than a century ago George III is reported 
 to have said that there would have been no American 
 revolution if there had been no Harvard College. The 
 graduates of that college were the leaders in the Revcv- 
 lution. 
 
 Without pausing upon the earlier days, when Sam 
 Adams and the men of his generation were building a 
 free commonwealth, but beginning with our second 
 great struggle to preserve the integrity of the Republic 
 in 1861, it is well known that the West and the North- 
 west were held in the Union largely by the influence 
 of the Christian colleges and the churches in the upper 
 valley of the Mississippi. There was no class in the 
 community as patriotic in those days as the college 
 graduates. In one of our younger colleges out of 750 
 students and graduates who could bear arms more than 
 400 went to the front, and more than half of these be- 
 came officers. So, also, in 1896, it was the educated 
 men that saved the Nation anew. I take especial pleas- 
 ure in alluding to this here, as it is well understood that 
 the editor of one of your Portland papers and a grad- 
 uate from this university saved the state of Oregon 
 for sound money. 
 
 The safety of the Republic not only depends upon 
 the intelligence of its citizens, but it is vitally import- 
 
43 
 
 ant that the basis of that intelligence shall be religious. 
 Education without Christianity has left out its chief 
 factor, and the source of its greatest power. You may 
 take a block of marble and chisel it ever so skillfully 
 into some matchless human form, but it is marble still, 
 cold and lifeless. So it is with education without re- 
 ligion; that which gives it life and power and meaning is 
 wanting. We need more men like Senator Hoar with 
 great religious convictions to lead the people in civic 
 matters. While men think and act for themselves per- 
 haps as never before, yet it is equally true that people 
 are more and more being guided by leaders in whom 
 they confide. While it is not so blind a leadership as 
 in the early centuries or in other lands, yet in its intelli- 
 gence it is just as real. The Christian college is needed 
 to train such leaders in righteousness. 
 
 The Christian college, which is thus developing relig- 
 ious leaders, makes its support a matter of the highest 
 patriotism to the whole nation, for it is laying the foun- 
 dations of Christian civilization. In the new states it 
 is lawlessness and worldliness against order and purity 
 and the Christian home. The Christian collegers in- 
 fluence is often the deciding factor for righteousness. 
 It is like a fortress in a time of war, a base of suppHes; 
 the country round about is safe while it stands. 
 
 Many people wander to the West who have made a 
 failure in the East, and desire to make a new start in 
 the world. In these new regions there is often no 
 church and no Christ. To neglect to furnish a Chris- 
 tian education in such regions is full of peril to our 
 country. Neglect Christian education for one or two 
 generations and the Republic is doomed. 
 
 Certainly we who live in the East cannot be unmind- 
 
fill of the importance to us of providing generously 
 for education in the newer states. Millions have been 
 given already, and the same spirit of generosity ought 
 to continue. It is one Nation, and the West with its 
 teeming millions will soon have the control. It is for 
 our interest, therefore, that the power soon to be ex- 
 ercised be a Christian power. 
 
 And this leads me to say that unless the Christian 
 college is planted in the newer states, there will be no 
 higher education for the children of these communi- 
 ties. The traveling expense to reach the colleges al- 
 ready established in the older states is so great as to 
 permit but a comparatively few of our young men 
 and women to have the higher education they crave. 
 In a college in one of our Western states it was found 
 by correspondence recently that seven-eighths of its 
 students would never have taken a course of study if 
 it had not been for the local college. Furthermore, its 
 presence furnishes an inspiration to the community 
 which cannot come from an institution a thousand miles 
 away. 
 
 If you want to sustain missions, then sustain the 
 Christian colleges of the newer states, for they furnish 
 the missionaries. From what other source are the men 
 to be obtained who will most intelligently carry the 
 gospel into the hundreds of places west of the Mis- 
 souri river where no gospel is preached? If you want 
 Christian teachers, then support the Christian colleges, 
 for they must furnish the teachers for the new states. 
 It has been well said, 'To teach the teachers is more 
 than to write the songs or enact the laws of a nation." 
 
 With all that is needed to be done in these new 
 states they must still ask and they still deserve help 
 
45 
 
 from the older communities. We are our brothers' 
 keepers. We in the East have come into a rich inheri- 
 tance; it is the Christ spirit that we freely give as we 
 have freely received. 
 
 With a few exceptions, and as a general statement, 
 there are not as yet too many colleges established: but 
 let us see to it that we strengthen and broaden those 
 we have before we add more. 
 
 I believe in the value of the smaller country college. 
 I know the argument of the other side, of the enthu- 
 siasm which comes with great numbers, etc. But in 
 the university the individual is too apt to be lost in 
 the multitude. He knows but a few of his classmates, 
 he does not meet his instructors personally. It is 
 often in the country colleges where you find the true 
 college spirit and the noblest college life. Are not Dart- 
 mouth, Amherst, Williams and OberHn country col- 
 leges? 
 
 Said an editor of brilliant reputation in New York 
 city, a graduate of a smaller Christian college: "More 
 and more I rejoice that I learned so much from a 
 teacher who was a comrade, instead of being left to 
 tutors in a big class. I have never since I came here 
 regretted my education, when personal friendship with 
 my teachers was worth infinitely more than all the big 
 buildings in all the college yards of the world." 
 
 Note also that in these Christian colleges almost 
 every graduate is a pronounced Christian man. Wh'le 
 the intellectual standards are being constantly lifted, so 
 that they will rank, many of them, as the peers of the 
 older institutions of the East, yet there is an all-per- 
 vading atmosphere which quickens men to the loftiest 
 Christian purpose and the noblest achievement. 
 
46 
 
 I glory in the men who have done this work. ' With 
 courage undaunted, with glorious self-sacrifice, they 
 have fought against odds and conquered. I cannot 
 call the roll, but God has them on His, and they will 
 have places near the throne. But here on this spot 
 we may be permitted without intending any discrimina- 
 tion to speak of Rev. Dr. G. H. Atkinson, Rev. Harvey 
 Clarke, President Marsh, and also of Marcus Whitman 
 and Rev. Dr. Gushing Eells, of your neighboring Whit- 
 man Gollege. 
 
 These colleges have moulded states. I have always 
 been an enthusiast for Christian colleges; I dislike the 
 sneering remark sometimes made of "fresh-water col- 
 leges." I almost envy the man who can help build 
 and endow some institution, that will be Christian in 
 its trustees and its faculty, every throb and heartbeat 
 pulsating for Christ and humanity. I almost envy the 
 man whom God sets apart for the holy service of 
 teaching in these institutions. In the words of John 
 Wesley: "Is it not a more extensive benefit to sweeten 
 the fountain than to purify a particular stream?" 
 
 Who can tell the power or influence of a single con- 
 secrated life! When the secret things of this world are 
 written it will be found that many men unknown to 
 fame have been used by God to change the lives of 
 thousands. 
 
 Only a thought, but the work it wrought 
 Could never by pen or tongue be taught; 
 For it ran through a life like a thread of gold, 
 And the life bore fruit a hundred-fold. 
 
 Go on, then, with greater courage in the training of 
 men here, who, touched by your word and inspired by 
 your lives, are to be leaders in the church, and who will 
 
47 
 
 continue to mould this commonwealth for civic right- 
 eousness and for the glory of God. 
 
 President McCLELLAND here r^d the following 
 
 telegrams: 
 
 "Brighton, Mass. 
 
 "Five hundred dollars pledged for Brighton Chapel. 
 Congratulations and best wishes. A. A. BERLE." 
 
 "All Tabor rejoices with you. Philippians, i :2-6. 
 "R. S. HUGHES, 
 
 "President Tabor College. 
 "JEROME C. TIPPLE, 
 "Mayor of the Town." 
 
 The President stated that the purpose of the pledge 
 mentioned is to put permanent seats in this room 
 which we are now occupying, something which we need 
 very much, and I am very grateful to receive this tele- 
 gram from Dr. Berle and his church. He also read the 
 verses referred to in the second telegram. 
 
 And thereupon, after the singing of a college song 
 written by one of the students, a recess was taken until 
 7 o'clock. 
 
 EVENING SESSION. 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We will begin where 
 we left off, with the man from Boston; and here is Dr. 
 Barton, who will speak on behalf of the Educational 
 Society and Eastern Congregationalism generally. 
 
 Dr. BARTON: Ladies and Gentlemen: I took my 
 half of that introduction which included Mr. Capen. I 
 am reminded of the young lady from Portland who met 
 the young lady from Boston, and who said: "I have 
 
48 
 
 wanted all my life to visit Boston; I have heard so much 
 about it. I think that Boston must be very like 
 Heaven." And the Boston girl replied: "Well, it used 
 to be, but Boston has improved very much in the last 
 few years." (Laughter.) 
 
 THE VALUE OF A CHRISTIAN COLLEGE. 
 
 Address of William E. Barton, D. D., representing the 
 
 Congregational Education Society. 
 
 One of the most interesting phenomena in the social 
 development of America is, and has been, the interest 
 of its people in popular and higher education. The 
 schoolmaster follows hard upon the track of the earliest 
 pioneers. Amid all the hai;dship and inevitable priva- 
 tion incident to life in a new community, our people 
 voluntarily and with great sacrifice have taken upon 
 themselves the added burden involved in the rearing of 
 institutions of learning. 
 
 The great Puritan migration of New England oc- 
 curred in 1630. Then Boston was founded, and the 
 incoming population rose from a trickling stream to a 
 considerable tide. In only five years the Latin School 
 was founded and continues to this day. In another 
 year Harvard College was founded, professedly for the 
 purpose of maintaining an educated ministry. The 
 pathetically small beginnings of these and other great 
 instiiutions which now exist in our country and the 
 annals of their growth and progress would read to us 
 like romance had they not been repeated scores of times 
 in newer and smaller educational institutions in our 
 country. Beside these institutions for higher learning 
 we have scores of academies and preparatory schools 
 supported by private generosity; and in addition to 
 these every state makes the most generous provision 
 
49 
 
 for the maintenance of common schools with institu- 
 tions for technical education of higher grade. 
 
 Truly, so great expenditures of time and thought 
 and effort on the part of the great body of the people 
 of this country indicate on their part a strong beUef in 
 the value of popular and higher education. Indeed, 
 it is not too much to say that sometimes we have as- 
 cribed to it too high a value, and have assumed that 
 mere knowledge is a panacea for all political and social 
 ills. There are some occupations for which some kinds 
 of education may prove a positive disadvantage, and 
 yet, upon the whole, the faith of the people of this coun- 
 try in popular education has not been misplaced. It 
 is not necessary that I should define to you who have 
 established and maintained for fifty years the institution 
 which adorns this town and illuminates this surrounding 
 region the advantages of such an institution of learn- 
 ing, yet sometimes to those who bear the burdens of an 
 institution of this kind the sacrifices appear so exces- 
 sive as to well-nigh discourage the effort requisite for 
 its maintenance. Let me say a few words then about 
 the value to a community of a Christian college. First, 
 it has a commercial value, and while this is a considera- 
 tion that, perhaps, ought hardly to be mentioned, and 
 is one upon which we are inclined sometimes to place 
 undue emphasis, it is worth speaking of in passing. No 
 investment of a like amount of money in hotels, in 
 manufacturing establishments, or in other commercial 
 enterprises can upon the whole produce so marked an 
 effect in appreciation of property in a vicinage. This 
 has been so well understood by college builders that I 
 hasten on, counting it somewhat dangerous ground. 
 
 Secondly, a Christian college gives a wonderful in- 
 tellectual stimulus to the town and surrounding re- 
 
50 
 
 gion. The work of a college does not consist simply 
 in teaching certain facts to a select company of young 
 people; its larger influence is upon the whole commu- 
 nity. It gives a certain temper to the town, a certain 
 intellectual bent to the body of the people about it; 
 there come to be students or teachers in almost every 
 house; the best of the town relates itself to the admin- 
 istration of the school. A college is not only a con- 
 sumer as well as producer, requiring the purchase of 
 breadstuffs, food and clothing in considerable quantities, 
 but it brings into the town as permanent residents sev- 
 eral families of cultured people who become its teach- 
 ers and professors. It tends to build up a public 
 library, of size proportionate to the age and magnitude 
 of the college, and it stimulates the accumulation of 
 private libraries quite beyond the average size of libra- 
 ries in towns where no college exists. 
 
 It keeps the community in touch with the world of 
 letters; it lays new thought under constant tribute; it 
 brings from time to time men of literary reputation 
 from their distant homes to address the student and 
 towns-people as well. It is a reservoir, a fountain of 
 good things which are not, or need not be, confined to 
 the body of its graduates. It is one of the glories of 
 the typical American college that it presents no contrast 
 of "town and gown," rather the colony and college for- 
 cibly impress themselves upon the world outside as a 
 unit. 
 
 Thirdly, the college is a great moral force in a com- 
 munity. People will not send their sons and daughters 
 away to school except they have assurance that they 
 will be surrounded by good influences in the community 
 as well as in the classroom. Hence, it comes to pass 
 
51 
 
 that the liquor traffic is not commonly legalized in our 
 college towns. The safeguards which are thrown about 
 the young people away from home obtaining their edu- 
 cation in this community come thus to be enjoyed also 
 by the young people of the town. Many a man who 
 might otherwise be tempted to vote for licensing the 
 saloon for the sake of revenue to be obtained from it 
 feels in the presence of the college a restraining neces- 
 sity, and in thus voting for the sake of the children of 
 other men who for the time being are, as it were, under 
 his protection, he profects his own children who may, 
 or may not, be students in the college, and the moral 
 tone of the community is taken from that of the col- 
 lege which it maintains. 
 
 Thus far I have spoken as though the young people 
 composing the body of undergraduates were chiefly 
 those from a distance, and as though the people of the 
 community shared only incidentally in the benefits of 
 the college, and all that I have said would, I think, be 
 true, if these represented the facts. As a matter of 
 experience, however, it is not so. The great body of 
 the students in our colleges come from a radius of a 
 few miles about. This is true to a surprising extent 
 even of our great universities and of communities with 
 well-developed facilities for travel. The reason for it 
 is two-fold. First, the location of a college in a given 
 community gives to it, as the years go by, an increas- 
 ing number of families who take up their homes in a 
 college town for the sake of educating their children; 
 secondly, the presence of the college within a distance 
 of a few miles comes to interest succeeding generations 
 of young people as a natural gateway into a life of 
 influence and usefulness. This fact is less appreciated 
 
52 
 
 in the days when a country is new and the endeavors of 
 a people must largely be devoted to securing a liveli- 
 hood by the tilling of the soil, but as years go by it is 
 found to be increasingly true that the young people 
 of a college town and the towns close about look to the 
 college as affording a natural entrance into the world. 
 
 Since the establishment of the government of the 
 United States, only i per cent, of our people have been 
 college graduates, but 58 per cent, of all the important 
 positions of the government have been filled by edu- 
 cated men. It thus appears that the man who sacrifices 
 for the establishment and maintenance of a college in 
 his town is making for his community and, perhaps, for 
 his children, one of the richest possible investments for 
 coming years. I think it is important that we should 
 consider these facts, because it is hardly too much 
 to say that the Christian college is on trial for its life. 
 Below it are the common schools and high schools, and 
 above it are the state universities, and it sometimes 
 seems as though between the two the Christian college 
 might come to serve no useful function. 
 
 But thoughtful men, students of history and social 
 problems, see in the Christian college the hope of the 
 country. The influences which are the most radiant 
 in the vicinity radiate over a wider and wider area as 
 the years go by. The influence of the small college is 
 never to be measured solely by the number of its 
 alumni; upon it depends the efficiency of the public 
 school, the pulpit, all the learned professions and the 
 general intelligence of the community. 
 
 I bring you, then, the greeting of the Educational 
 Society, which, nearly a half century ago, gave to you 
 
53 
 
 that precious $600, with our hearty congratulations on 
 your fifty years. Your labors have been well expended. 
 You have builded well your foundation. With joy we 
 greet with you the dawning century. Yours are the 
 ages to come in the generations of young life to go forth 
 from these walls to bless and enrich the world. 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We have a represen- 
 tative with us today of an institution in the East 
 which, if any institution may be called the mother of 
 this college, was its mother, Vermont University. And 
 I have asked Dr. Byington to say a word as a graduate 
 of that institution. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. EZRA HOYT BYINGTON: Mr. President: 
 I am very glad to bring the greetings of the old Uni- 
 versity of Vermont to this new university of the Pacific 
 Coast. It is very interesting to trace the connection 
 of one institution of learning with another. One who 
 visits old Cambridge, the old University in England, 
 will be taken to one of the colleges there and shown 
 in the college hall a full-length portrait of John Har- 
 vard, the founder of Harvard College; and one can see 
 that they are very proud of their daughter on these 
 Western shores. And Harvard College is the mother, 
 evidently, of Bowdoin, and Yale College is the mother 
 of Dartmouth College; and so it is that one college 
 has been connected with another all along in the history 
 of the colleges of this country. The University of Ver- 
 mont is the daughter of Dartmouth College, and has 
 borrowed from it her best instructions. It is very 
 wonderful that the University of Vermont should have 
 had so much to do with founding this institution fifty 
 years ago, and since then; an institution which is doing 
 so much in this part of our country. As has been 
 
54 
 
 said, President Marsh, who was the first president, was 
 the son of that great, that wonderful man, whose too 
 early death was the greatest loss, perhaps, that philos- 
 ophy in this country has suffered — President James 
 Marsh. And how much Dr. Sidney Marsh did for 
 the Oregon University cannot be told. And when 
 he had it developed to a certain degree — Pacific Uni- 
 versity — his younger brother joined him — Professor 
 Marsh — who, for thirty years, I am told, has done such 
 grand work in connection with Pacific University. 
 (Applause.) His name has not been mentioned this 
 afternoon; I presume the reason is his modesty; very 
 likely he has placed an injunction upon some of his 
 friends here, but I am under no such injunction. (Great 
 applause.) And we had before us in the beginning 
 of these exercises Professor Ferrin, also a graduate of 
 the University of Vermont, who has been here some 
 twenty years, and who has done such excellent, scholarly 
 work here, and who bids fair, I am sure you will agree 
 with me in saying, to do excellent, scholarly work here 
 for years to come. So it is that the University of 
 Vermont, so far away in that "provincial" part of our 
 country (laughter), has been sending its choicest sons 
 and its choicest gifts — for a good deal of the money 
 that has been reported here this afternoon came from 
 its alumni — to this institution. 
 
 I will only say one other thing, and that is in regard 
 to this matter of the provincialism of the West, or the 
 provincialism of the East. I am not sure that we ought 
 to say very much about that. Neither the West nor 
 the East stands alone. We are bound together by very 
 close ties, even the ties of mutual help and contribu- 
 tions, and we give in each part of the country not only 
 
our choicest sons, but our richest treasures for the ben- 
 efit of the other part of the country. I am sure that the 
 services that have been rendered by .one part of the 
 United States to the people of other parts of the United 
 States furnish one of the very strongest bonds that 
 hold together our united country. 
 
 Gentlemen, I bring you the hearty greetings of the 
 alumni of the University of Vermont, and I shall be 
 glad when I return to New England and meet my col- 
 lege friends to assure them that they have a warm 
 place in your regard and in your favor. (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: Some two or three 
 years ago the college presidents of the Pacific Coast of 
 the Pilgrim faith met as the guests of the Pacific Theo- 
 logical Seminary, for the purpose of forming an organi- 
 zation which would have for its object the dissuading of 
 men who were ambitious to form additional colleges 
 from that act, and for encouraging the establishment of 
 academies as feeders to the colleges which we now have. 
 Dr. McLean represents in himself better than any other 
 man that educational alliance, and he is here to bring 
 a word of greeting from the colleges connected with 
 it. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. McLean : I wish I had time to introduce to 
 these wise men from the East our entire sisterhood of 
 Pacific Congregational institutions. One of them, I 
 presume, will speak for itself by and by in the person 
 of its president, Penrose. I can only say that what 
 you have found here today as regards this institution 
 you will find every time you come here. This is not 
 an incidental sort of thing, this gathering you have 
 had, in almost any of its accessories. I was up here, I 
 
56 
 
 think, about two years ago, and this room was crowded 
 to repletion, just as it has been today; the same balmy 
 air, the same magnificent outlook, only perhaps it was 
 still more magnificent than it is today, for it was Octo- 
 ber, and these trees, now arrayed in living green, had 
 been touched with the golden hue; old Mount Hood 
 was interested in the proceedings, just as he is today. 
 I took occasion to say, in some feeble remarks I made 
 from this platform, that it seemed to me the great 
 mountain was standing up on tip-toe, and I did not 
 wonder because of his interest to know what was going 
 on under these oaks. (Applause.) And the gUmpses 
 he got only interested him the more, for you should be 
 here, my friends, when the college is in full blast. You 
 have seen some of the boys and girls; you should see 
 them all, as I saw them then. I have to say that if I 
 was a hoary-headed old mountain fixed away yonder in 
 the horizon, and there was such a bevy of girls discern- 
 ible from my station, running about under these trees, 
 I, too, would be up on my tip-toes. (Great applause.) 
 And now, I come back and find that these girls are just 
 as good as they looked to be then, for they have been 
 comforting us with cherries, and staying us with flagons 
 of water; and I am sure I got an extra smile or two, 
 and an extra fine piece of cake or two, because of that 
 visit I made here two years ago. I wish you could visit 
 all. these institutions: you would find the same thing 
 everywhere. 
 
 Salt Lake is represented here today in the person of 
 its President Hunt. I presume there will not be time 
 to hear from that sister. You will be glad to know that 
 the great Chicago challenger has just put down $50,000 
 for that college to cover. When that is done it will 
 
57 
 
 have a day of rejoicing such as we are having- here to- 
 day. 
 
 I will speak a word for Pomona, because I not only 
 represent it in this educational aUiance, but am one of 
 its trustees. You know its good fortune; it has finished 
 its endowment; it has raised the money to pay a large 
 debt that has been troubling it, and the plans are being 
 drawn today in the city of Los Angeles for her new 
 building of science that Dr. Pearsons promised. This 
 is the youngest of our sisterhood upon the coast; it is 
 only ten years old. I am sorry for what I have to say 
 now, but we cannot help things down in California 
 because of our superior climate and soil; they will grow. 
 Pomona is only ten years old, but she is bigger than 
 either of her sisters; I guess she is bigger than both of 
 them together; it is the climate that did it;' we didn't 
 want to outgrow them so; it's the climate and the soil; 
 she had to do so. If you should happen around when 
 she is fifty years old, I don't know what you would see 
 down there. 
 
 Now, I want to introduce to you one sister that you 
 have, perhaps, never recognized as belonging to the 
 Pacific group, and that is away in Hawaii. (Great ap- 
 plause.) The last, and perhaps by no means the least, 
 important member of this sisterhood of institutions 
 upon the Pacific Coast. I wish there were time to say 
 just a word about the significance of these institutions, 
 in view of the great events that are beginning to take 
 place; that which our far-sighted American statesmen 
 years ago prophesied with respect to the present cen- 
 tury is pressing on to its fulfillment. There are rising 
 on that far western horizon, in the shape of thunder- 
 heads as yet, most portentous things, that may have 
 
58 
 
 in them, perhaps, something of the besom of destruc- 
 tion, and something of terror, and something to disturb 
 us; but that have in their bosoms, let us believe, much 
 of that balm of Heaven that follows the thunder and 
 the lightning. The greater things of Greater America 
 lie to the v^estward of this fair sisterhood of institu- 
 tions here, entering, dear friends, just now upon their 
 second career of enjoyment in a most opportune time. 
 I believe there is a Providence in the gathering of this 
 Council here in Portland today. I do not know that 
 we have had due sense of it, the coincidence of the com- 
 ing of this body of earnest-minded people to stand upon 
 the farthest verge of the American continent, and to 
 get a nearer sense of what lies over here in the future. 
 I wish I was a college boy in Forest Grove, or Whit- 
 man, or Pomona, or almost anywhere else in America. 
 I would like to go through the next fifty years of Amer- 
 ican history. And, my friends, this institution, and in- 
 stitutions like this, is the guarantee for an American 
 citizenship that is going to hold the Ship of State 
 unerringly in her voyage through all the dangers and 
 perils and glories of these coming decades. (Great 
 applause.) Do not forget these institutions; forget 
 what we have said — what has been lately said about 
 provincialism. You understand that we must have our 
 little joke. The gravities of the situation are so great 
 upon our coast that if we did not indulge sometimes 
 in pleasantries we should die. But do not forget us — 
 pray for these churches, pray for these institutions, 
 strengthen the hands of these Christians; send us your 
 strongest ministers; send us your ablest teachers, give 
 us your richest gifts; lift to Heaven for us your most 
 fervent prayers! (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We will hear a word 
 
59 
 
 from Dr. Bradford. I need not introduce Dr. Bradford 
 to this audience, or any audience of Congregationalists 
 the wide world over. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. BRADFORD: I feel as if it were an intrusion, 
 Mr. President and friends, for me to take a moment 
 of your time. This occasion belongs so much to this 
 coast, and yet, somehow or other, I have the feeling 
 that I belong here; as I have come back after all these 
 years I have felt the thrills of enthusiasm which I felt 
 years and years ago. You remember the story of the 
 Httle girl in the street car, who was asked by the con- 
 ductor who came to collect the fares: "My little girl, 
 how old are you?" and who looked up innocently and 
 said: "Mr. Conductor, if you please, I will pay full fare 
 and keep statistics to myself." (Laughter.) I inad- 
 vertently mentioned the other evening how long ago 
 it was since I had been on this coast, and I do not know 
 that I can keep it to myself any longer; but I remem- 
 ber one beautiful day — two or three days — twenty-four 
 years ago about now, driving out from Portland, and I 
 drove all through this region. This building was not 
 erected; only one or two buildings were on this campus, 
 and as I have been here today I have thought that the 
 progress of those years was quite as great here as at 
 almost any institution with which I am acquainted. We 
 are in the habit of measuring progress by the size of 
 buildings. We ought rather to measure progress by 
 what is put into living men and women. If we measure 
 in that way, I arn sure the progress at this institution 
 has been quite as great as at any institution with which 
 I am acquainted. I can say nothing concerning the 
 coast, as others have been able to say. I am a pro- 
 vincial of the provincialists; I must confess that. I was 
 
60 
 
 on a train leaving Boston once, and the newsboy came 
 through the train crying out in the usual newsboy 
 fashion, "Appleton's Railway Guide for the United 
 States and Canada," and a good-natured man called the 
 boy back and said: ''See here, boy, have you one for 
 New Jersey?" and the boy looked through his whole list 
 — and a Boston boy, at that — and innocently and ear- 
 nestly replied that he did not have one. (Laughter.) So 
 that a man who comes from New Jersey could not be 
 supposed to know very much concerning the Pacific 
 Coast if he had not been here; and certainly not very 
 much concerning education or the institutions of learn- 
 ing. But even we in New Jersey have learned a few 
 things, and I may just mention them, and will do no more 
 than mention them. I think we have learned that there 
 are three great problems pressing upon the American 
 people in this country, and we do not need to turn our 
 eyes toward the sunset to see them. We have learned 
 that there are great political questions which can be 
 settled only by educated men. We have learned that 
 there is one thing that is needed more than almost any- 
 thing else in this country of ours, and that is a thorough 
 and earnest study of history. And we have come to the 
 conclusion that these questions can be settled only by 
 those who are educated. We have learned that there 
 are social problems, and those problems can be solved 
 only by those who are educated. We have learned that 
 there are great religious problems, and those problems 
 can be solved only by those who are broad and far- 
 seeing and charitable, as those are, and generally those 
 only are, who are liberally educated. And so we have 
 learned one lesson, which you have learned here, I 
 doubt not, that all culture which is worth anything 
 is culture for service. And I give you, young gentle- 
 
61 
 
 men and young ladies of this institution who are pres- 
 ent, and friends, a Hne from Mrs. Browning, which I 
 think might well be your motto: -: 
 
 "The man most man, with tenderest human hands, 
 Works best for men as God in Nazareth." 
 
 (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We have with us to- 
 night, very fortunately, an editor from the Eastern 
 coast, who may possibly be able to give our editor 
 from the Western coast something in kind, if he is so 
 disposed. At least, we shall be very much delighted to 
 hear a word from Dr. Ward, on any line he may choose 
 to present. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. WARD: Mr. President, it will have to be but 
 a word, for the time is short. I, too, come from New 
 Jersey, and I Uke the word "provincialism." I am glad 
 it was spoken today, because it is a word that has a 
 close relation to education. One time, during the sec- 
 ond administration of President Lincoln, while that 
 magnificent and noble man, Henry Wilson, was vice- 
 president of the United States, he came into my office 
 and sat down by the side of my desk, and began to talk 
 about Massachusetts, "dear old Massachusetts." Said 
 he, "The foreigners are coming in, and there is only 
 one thing that can save us, and that is education — 
 education. And the one thing that I am most inter- 
 ested in is to see that the school system of Massachu- 
 setts shall take these boys that come to us with these 
 Irish and French and other immigrants and make Massa- 
 chusetts men of them." I remember that Henry Wilson 
 was raised in a poor-house, and lived in one until he 
 was bound out to the shoe trade, and did not learn to 
 read or write until he was well grown. He was a man 
 
62 
 
 who always talked good English in a speech, but sitting 
 there beside me he would be free, easy and thoughtless 
 in his expressions, lapsing into double negatives, bad 
 grammar, while talking of the importance of education. 
 I would like to say one word, not to these older peo- 
 ple nor to the visitors, but to these young men and 
 young women who are here in the process of education; 
 that a school, and above all a Christian school, is an 
 institution whose purpose it is to fight provincialism. 
 A person without education, what is he? He sees this 
 little circle "that girds us around," and he takes it to 
 be "the world's extreme"; he knows nothing beyond 
 this horizon. He sees a potato, and knows it is some- 
 thing to hoe and to eat. Wheat is to him only some- 
 thing to make flour of and to eat. That which is be- 
 yond the mountain and the shores he knows nothing of. 
 But the purpose of education is to give the man eyes 
 to see that which is right before him; to look also 
 beyond the Pacific and the Atlantic, to see the world 
 and to discover friends throughout the world. And 
 Christian education, what is that for? Christian educa- 
 tion has for its purpose to make him see something 
 more than this little provincial moment in which he 
 lives; to fit him to look backward to the ages behind, 
 and forward to the ages beyond, into the very eternity 
 of God past and God future, and to see the service which 
 God bids him to do for the world. It is the opposite and 
 the corrective of provincialism. (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We shall all be glad to 
 hear from one of our other Pacific Coast colleges. I am 
 happy to present President Penrose, who brings us the 
 greetings of Whitman College. 
 
 President PENROSE: Mr. President and Friends 
 
63 
 
 of Pacific University: I am not a good person to make 
 a long speech to fill up a gap. I wish to say only one 
 thing: I bring the greetings, this evening, of another 
 college, which has not yet attained to what Pacific 
 University has already attained; and yet, a sister insti- 
 tution which today feels deeply with joy and thankful- 
 ness for the prosperity which has come to this institu- 
 tion. And it is without any touch of envy that I bring 
 to you, sir (turning to President McClelland), the con- 
 gratulations, the love and sympathy of Whitman Col- 
 lege. (Applause.) We hope and we pray that the 
 education which is given at Pacific University may be 
 always broad and deep and high, and that it may be 
 filled to overflowing with the spirit of Jesus Christ. 
 (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: We have with us this 
 evening a man who has been longer in service as a col- 
 lege president of a Congregational college than any 
 other man, I think, now living — twenty-eight years. Dr. 
 Strong, of Carleton College, has this other distinction, 
 that he is the only college president that Carleton ever 
 had, and he has been president of Carleton during all 
 those years. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. STRONG: Mr. President: It would not be 
 altogether fit for you now to call a young man to speak. 
 I always bow with reverence to the learned man who 
 addressed you a few moments ago, and who taught me 
 how scientifically to break chemical apparatus in the 
 laboratory, when I was under his instruction — my ven- 
 erable friend, the Rev. Dr. Ward. (Applause.) So, 
 although I may be the longest in service of our college 
 presidents in this country, certainly I may claim to be 
 not so very old when I can thus look up to one who, 
 
64 
 
 as we all know, is still young and in the full prime of 
 his years. (Applause.) 
 
 I wish to bring my most hearty congratulations and 
 greetings to you, Mr. President, for this day, which is 
 a day of history-making, as it will surely appear in 
 coming generations. We are making history today, 
 whether we may appreciate it or not. It has been my 
 fortune to have connection with a young college from 
 its beginning, and I know something about foundation- 
 laying. I congratulate you, sir, on the blessed priv- 
 ilege of laying foundations for education in this broad 
 land. There is no labor higher, nobler, more blessed in 
 its fruitage. There are indeed many sacrifices to be 
 made; but what are all those compared with the blessed 
 fruitage which God gives to those who give themselves 
 to such a service? Most sincerely do I congratulate you 
 on being called to a work which will require sacrifices. 
 God blesses those who do sacrifice for His sake and for 
 the Kingdom's sake. 
 
 This has been a day of great delight to me, for it has 
 carried me back to the early memories — although so 
 young a man! (Laughter.) It has been my privilege 
 to know personally most of the college presidents now 
 Hving in our connection, and some who have gone to 
 their reward; among them the first president of this 
 Pacific University. His brother, a professor here, 
 whose name I gladly hear you mention today, Joseph 
 W. Marsh, was a boy with me in the Green Mountain 
 state, in the same Sabbath School class, and, though 
 we have not met for forty years, until the other day, I 
 love him as a man consecrated to his work, who in 
 educational lines has made himself felt most effectively 
 on this Pacific Coast. (Applause.) 
 
65 
 
 If I add anything more than this word of greeting 
 and congratulation, let it be an earnest word with 
 regard to Christian education, and what is involved in 
 it. I hold that there is no education worth the having 
 except Christian education. And what is the end and 
 aim of a Christian education? Its ideal is the securing 
 of a symmetrical manhood and womanhood; not edu- 
 cating the intellect at the expense of the heart, but the 
 rounded, symmetrically developed manhood and 
 womanhood. Its ideal is the highest possible develop- 
 ment of the whole man. What is its aim? Character, 
 character, the only possession which is priceless and 
 eternal. Any education that does not aim to uplift the 
 whole man, secure his full development, is not worthy 
 of the name. How shall we secure this true ideal? 
 Ralph Waldo Emerson once said to me at the tea-table, 
 as we were conversing, "I never care to ask what my 
 daughter shall study, but only to whom I shall send her 
 to be taught." 
 
 A fundamental law of education underlies that utter- 
 ance. The power of the world's great teachers, from 
 Socrates and Plato to Arnold and Hopkins, has been 
 the power of personality. They illustrate the truth 
 too often forgotten, that education is not the imparta- 
 tion of knowledge, but the quickening of the spirit. 
 It is the inspiration which thrills the whole being, when 
 a human soul capable of vibrating in harmony with 
 what is divine, is brought into touch with a personality 
 all aflame with its devotion. It is the living incarna- 
 tion of the noblest aims and loftiest ideals. The edu- 
 cative power of a great soul outweighs all endowment 
 and all apparatus. Books may contain and impart 
 
66 
 
 knowledge, but personality alone can inspire, develop, 
 educate. There is no other power like it. 
 
 Yet I am not satisfied simply with that statement 
 which Ralph Waldo Emerson made. Something- more 
 than personality is needed. It must be consecrated per- 
 sonality. Ah! this is the power which the world most 
 needs for its moral uplifting. It is the most effective 
 power God ever uses when he employs human agencies. 
 You have examples here in the founders of this insti- 
 tution, whom I honor in my thought and would honor, 
 were it possible, by personal recognition. They are 
 those laymen with us today who were pioneers. In 
 them we have illustrations of a consecrated personality, 
 the evidence of which must be unselfishness and devo- 
 tion to that which is highest and best. Do you not 
 know that it is this spirit of altruism which is always 
 found in true heroism? There can be no true heroism 
 without it, for there is no such thing as a selfish heroism. 
 We honor those who forget self and meet duty with no 
 thought of personal rewards, for that is heroic. We 
 love to think of Hobson and his comrades; we love to 
 think of others like them who have recently been bring- 
 ing glory to our nation. They are not aiming at self- 
 glory; they willingly take all the dangers, risks and 
 responsibilities involved in their heroic deeds. This is an 
 ignoring of self, a forgetting of self, which is the true 
 gospel principle. This is the altruistic philosophy which 
 must underlie and pervade all right development of 
 character. A beautiful legend tells of a saintly man so 
 loved of the angels that they sought for him some new 
 gift of divine favor, so they were sent to ask what he 
 would like. "Oh, nothing," he replied; — he was quite 
 content. They pressed him: "Would you not like to 
 
67 
 
 perform miracles?" "Oh, no; that is Christ's work." 
 "But would you not like power to convert souls?" "No, 
 that is the office of the Holy Spirit." Still they urged 
 him: "Will you not have something?" Finally he said, 
 "If I must choose, I would like the power of doing a 
 great deal of good among men without ever knowing 
 it." And so it was that ever after this, his shadow, when 
 it fell before him and he could see its effect, was like 
 the shadow of any other man; but when it fell behind 
 him out of his sight it blessed all whom it touched. Ah! 
 friends, this is the spirit of true consecration; nothing 
 for self, even in the inner chambers of the soul, this it 
 is which marks the truest and noblest and most heroic 
 character. Oh, that we, in the spirit of the Master who 
 gave himself, might all give ourselves to this blessed 
 work of lifting up — lifting up to a higher realm, and 
 so make the world the better for our living in it. 
 
 There is a profound philosophy in Tennyson's words: 
 
 "That men may rise on stepping stones 
 Of their dead selves to higher things." 
 
 Ah, friends, let us never forget that it is only on our 
 dead selves that we ever can rise to the highest things. 
 As physical perfection becomes beauty only where it 
 is unconscious, as a beautiful face always loses its 
 charm when it betrays vanity, so self-consciousness al- 
 ways degrades the heroic and mars the spiritual. 
 
 Were there time, I should like to illustrate by more 
 than a brief reference to Carleton College, how God 
 blesses the efforts of consecrated teachers. It is a 
 remarkable fact, which can scarcely be paralleled in the 
 record of young institutions in our country, that from 
 the beginning of Carleton, not a year, scarcely a single 
 term, has passed without special proofs of the divine 
 
68 
 
 presence and blessing. A daily prayer-meeting has 
 been voluntarily sustained by the students for more 
 than twenty-five years. About ninety-five per cent, of 
 all her graduates have gone out Christian men and 
 women, and have become centers of right, moral influ- 
 ence. One honored professor, who has done more to 
 make our institution known in Europe than all the rest 
 of us put together, has never yet, during his twenty- 
 seven years of service, conducted a recitation without 
 first invoking upon it the divine blessing. 
 
 It is a striking fact, illustrating how God blesses such 
 consecrated personality in educational work, that more 
 than lo per cent, of all our graduates who have been 
 out five years are today presidents, professors or in- 
 structors in colleges. Surely we have reason to thank 
 God and take courage. God bless you, my dear sir 
 (turning to President McClelland), God bless all these 
 college presidents throughout our land, and make them 
 more and more powers for hastening the coming of the 
 Kingdom, and for bringing honor to that name which 
 is above every name. (Applause.) 
 
 Mr. George S. Houghton asked permission at this 
 time ''to give a brief notice." On being recognized by 
 President McClelland, 
 
 Mr. HOUGHTON said: Mr. President, I wish to 
 say simply this: That I undertook the work and man- 
 agement of this Council train, not for the gain there 
 might be in it, but rather with the prospect of a loss. 
 I have enjoyed every moment of m.y association with 
 that noble company that came across with me. I have 
 been deeply gratified by the warm expressions of satis- 
 faction with the management of the train. I thought 
 for a few days that I was $500 ''in the hole," as the say- 
 
€9 
 
 ing goes, but, thanks to the Chicago friends, who 
 helped me out, there is now a Httle margin of profit, 
 and I want to invest it here. (Applause.) I shall be 
 very happy, indeed, to present to President McClelland 
 a check for $200. (Great applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: In behalf of the college 
 I want to thank Mr. Houghton. It is too much, I fear. 
 And I want to add, that if there are any more gentle- 
 men who wish to give notices, they will be recognized. 
 (Laughter and applause.) I am very glad to say we 
 have a man here specially commissioned by Dr. Pear- 
 sons to bring his greetings to this college, a man whom 
 we all delight to honor on the P'acific Coast, Dr. Savage, 
 of the Chicago Seminary. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. SAVAGE: Mr. President, there is not time to 
 say all that is in one's heart and mind on an occasion 
 Hke this. And yet, I cannot forbear to give congratu- 
 lations to the president of this institution and to all 
 connected with it for the grand work which they have 
 been able to accomplish during the last half-century. 
 For nearly fifty years I have been accustomed to hear 
 of the planting, of the struggles, of the growth, of the 
 prosperity, of the usefulness, of Pacific University. And 
 yet, today I have seen with my own eyes, and my heart 
 rejoices as I witness, the results that have been ac- 
 complished during these years. It was my privilege 
 to be associated with the planter of this college 
 at Andover, and from that time on I hon- 
 ored him as I honored comparatively few men for the 
 self-sacrificing work which he did in the planting of 
 churches on this Pacific Coast, when it cost so much to 
 accomplish the work which he performed; and the 
 planting here of a Christian college which was to be a 
 
70 
 
 permanent memorial of his interest in college education 
 and in the progress of Christ's kingdom through such 
 an instrumentality. I heard him at the Council in 1865, 
 again in the Council in 1871, again in the Council of 
 1880, repeat over and over the story of the trials, of 
 the sacrifices, of the blessings, which resulted from the 
 Christian churches and Christian institutions on this 
 Pacific Coast. And I want to pay, in one word, my 
 tribute of regard for George H. Atkinson. (Great ap- 
 plause.) He was truly a man of God; he was a man 
 that laid himself on the altar of consecration to God's 
 service, to do his will wherever, in his providence, he 
 called him to labor for the upbuilding of his Kingdom. 
 And I could but think today, as I have sat upon this 
 platform and looked down over this assembly gathered 
 here from all parts of the United States, that if there 
 is any added joy in Heaven itself by witnessing scenes 
 transpiring upon the earth, the heart of our good 
 brother Atkinson must have had an added joy today 
 as he looked down over the heavenly heights to witness 
 the results of his labor as we have been privileged to 
 have them rehearsed in our hearing, and have had the 
 sight of it before us today. (Applause.) But my mes- 
 sage is simply this, from one who has been a benefactor 
 of the institution in recent years. When I was coming 
 to Portland, "the college builder," as he glories in call- 
 ing himself. Dr. Pearsons, said to me: "Don't you come 
 back to Chicago until you have gone up to Pacific 
 University, and have there given my congratulations to 
 the president of the university and to those associated 
 with him, for the grand work they have done in com- 
 plying with the conditions which I made of the offer 
 of funds to the institution. (Applause.) Because I 
 have confidence in the president of that university. 
 
71 
 
 (Great applause.) I have confidence in the university 
 itself; I believe it to be a power for great good on the 
 Pacific Coast, and I rejoice that I have had the priv- 
 ilege of helping in sustaining such an institution that 
 is to live after I have gone away." I bring you his con- 
 gratulations, for his heart has been exceedingly happy 
 these last few weeks; for five of the institutions to 
 which he made the offer of $50,000 each, upon con- 
 dition of raising another $100,000 to add to it, have 
 within these last few weeks accomplished the end, and 
 have secured his check for the $50,000 that was pledged 
 to them. (Applause.) I shall not soon forget what I 
 witnessed the last week in June, when at Beloit College, 
 with his good wife by his side, when the announcement 
 came by a telegram from Mt. Holyoke Seminary, "We 
 have raised the $150,000, and added a thousand and 
 some hundreds more to it," Dr. Pearsons said, "No 
 more joyful news could come by telegraph," and his 
 check went immediately to meet his pledge. Beloit 
 College that day completed its $150,000 by large self- 
 sacrifices on the part of the trustees in making 
 up the last $20,000; and another thousand, he 
 said, came from his wife, because the college 
 had done so well. And so he spoke of the other 
 three, that during these anniversary weeks had accom- 
 plished it, saying, "Nothing gives my heart greater joy 
 than to have the conditions that I made in these gifts 
 fulfilled by the colleges." And while he did not author- 
 ize me to say it, yet there was an intimation that all 
 these colleges, having done so well, would be remem- 
 bered in the future. (Applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: Many of you doubtless 
 were at the Council which met in Syracuse three years 
 
72 
 
 ago. You will remember that persuasive speech which 
 was made by Dr. Hallock, then of Tacoma, when at the 
 close of every argument in favor of coming to Portland, 
 the refrain came in so beautifully and so persuasively, 
 "We want you to come!" To Dr. Hallock, perhaps, 
 more than to any other man, belongs the credit of hav- 
 ing brought you across the continent to meet at this 
 time on the Pacific Coast. We want to hear a word 
 from Dr. Hallock. (Applause.) 
 
 Dr. HALLOCK: Mr. President, Ladies and Gentle- 
 men: This is a very happy moment, and I feel today 
 that the East is under obhgations to Oregon. Travel 
 is educational, and, while I suppose our friend Hough- 
 ton does not claim to be a college president, yet he cer- 
 tainly has done much to educate the East. (Applause.) 
 To transport so many and so good men so near the 
 setting sun is a benefit that will be lasting, and the East 
 will know the West better, and the West will love the 
 East more, by reason of this meeting on the shores of 
 the Willamette. (Applause.) I had the fortune, good 
 or bad as the case might be, to be bom in the Bay 
 state, and to spend the most of my early life in New 
 England. I had to feel that the great men and the 
 stronger men were in the East ; that the Western men 
 and the Western colleges had not and could not be 
 expected to have so high a type of culture and of man- 
 hood as the East. Never, perhaps, did I go as far as 
 the story is concerning the two great statesmen of a 
 generation ago. You may remember how the banter 
 used to be between the South and the North, and when 
 John C. Calhoun and Webster were walking down the 
 street one day in Washington they met a band of mules; 
 and Calhoun says to Webster, 'There are some of your 
 
73 
 
 Massachusetts mud-sills." "Yes," said Webster, "they 
 are going down to South Carolina ,to teach school." 
 (Laughter.) Now, after a half dozen years on this 
 coast, if there is anything that I have learned thor- 
 oughly and dare to stand by in this presence tonight, it 
 is that there are no truer men, none more heroic, self- 
 sacrificing. Christian, efficient and manly, than the men 
 that have stood on the frontier and laid the foundations 
 of Christian churches and Christian colleges. (Ap- 
 plause.) I have been associated somewhat intimately 
 during some of these years with the directing of a col- 
 lege memorial of as grand a statesman as ever trod the 
 soil of America — Dr. Whitman. (Great applause.) As 
 pure a man, as self-sacrificing a missionary as ever car- 
 ried the gospel westward. I have been associated with 
 that college, and honored to be for a time upon its 
 board. I have also, the last two years, had the privilege 
 of being in California and enjoyed the fellowship and 
 co-operation of my dear friend at the head of Pacific 
 Theological Seminary, and the privilege also of minis- 
 tering at one of the colleges that is not distinctively 
 Congregational by name, though Congregational in 
 spirit, the college for young ladies founded by Dr. 
 Mills, of Williams College, missionary of the American 
 Board thirty-one years ago — Mills College, that has 
 been doing its splendid Christian work on the same 
 basis as Mt. Holyoke by one of Mt. Holyoke*s 
 daughters for this whole generation. (Applause.) I 
 am rejoiced deeply in my soul at the splendid progress 
 which is being made for Christian education upon this 
 coast. There were seers fifty years ago. I do not 
 know that any of us are prophets today, but some 
 things we cannot fail to see coming over the goodly 
 horizon. There were seers in those days, for it was 
 
74 
 
 only five years or less before this institution on which 
 we stand today was founded, that Senator Benton, of 
 New Jersey,-said on the floor of the senate: ''1 thank 
 God for placing the Rocky mountains there as a natural 
 and eternal barrier for these United States." And it 
 was also said, by Senator McDuffie, I think, "God for- 
 bid that we should ever have a state on the shores of 
 the Pacific, fronting toward Asia, that should bring its 
 jarring and discordant elements into our already over- 
 burdened confederacy.'* (Laughter.) Think of it! on 
 the floor of the senate sixty years from the day which 
 we celebrate! Well, the world moves. And it is not 
 through moving yet. It is moving westward; it is 
 broadening. That yonder mountain standing Hke a 
 sweet sugar-loaf in its beauty, pierces the sky with its 
 ermine; but it could not stand up there in the bright 
 blue and white if it had not a breadth of base commen- 
 surate with its altitude. And so our institutions must 
 have a breadth of base; they must be broad in their 
 culture, and especially must they stand on the ever- 
 lasting foundation of Christian truth, if they are going 
 to build Christian manhood up into the divine. (Ap- 
 plause.) That is what our Christian colleges are doing. 
 In California, where the two great twin institutions of 
 a secular sort stand almost facing one another, there 
 is still felt by the Christian people of the state to be the 
 same need as ever for the Christian college. And the 
 president of Stanford, himself not committed in any 
 sense to what we regard as distinctively Christian, said 
 to me within a few days, "There is and always will be a 
 need in California, as in other states, for the college dis- 
 tinctively Christian; the world believes it." And we 
 shall not have solved the problem of education when 
 we shall have planted in every state of the Union a 
 
75 
 
 State university, for it lacks the very essential element 
 of the training of the spiritual man. 
 
 Now, I have this to say in the forecast: These col- 
 leges are not simply for the education of people who 
 may come to them, but they are rapidly making their 
 own constituency. Six years ago when the doors of 
 Leland Stanford University were opened, one of the 
 distinguished professors of the University of CaHfornia 
 made an address in which he said, in substance — I am 
 not giving the figures exactly: ''There are in the state 
 of California some 800 people that are seeking and 
 prosecuting a college education. Leland Stanford 
 University may divide these 800 people with the Uni- 
 versity of California, but hardly more than that can be 
 expected at present." Six years have passed. Leland 
 Stanford University numbers 1,100 in its roll of pupils, 
 the University of California 2,000. That 3,000, that 
 quadruple of the number of students of six years ago, 
 is the outcome of the perpetual educational processes 
 which are going on by the very existence of the uni- 
 versity. (Great applause.) And so, forecasting the 
 future of this institution, and others in this neighbor- 
 hood, it is easy to see and to say that the institution 
 which today meets the requirements of this community 
 will require an expansion as rapid and as extended as 
 the expansion of the territory of the United States has 
 been, in order to keep pace with the increasing march 
 of young men and young women that will be inspired 
 to seek a liberal education. 
 
 What is to be the future of our colleges in the West 
 it is not easy to say. But in all the past the United 
 States in its mangnificent development has been follow- 
 ing the lines of an unspoken Providence. We came 
 
76 
 
 West from the day it was entered on the records of the 
 Massachusetts general court that a certain appropria- 
 tion should be made to build a highway 14 miles west 
 of Boston Common, "being as far as a road is ever 
 likely to be wanted in that direction." (Laughter.) 
 We have gone on from that day to enter into the Con- 
 necticut Valley, to the Ohio Valley, to the Mississippi 
 Valley, to the prairies of the West, to the plains of the 
 farther West. We have thrown down the statue of 
 the fabled god Terminus from the crest of the Rocky 
 mountains, and scrambled over its base with tens of 
 thousands of emigrants. We have come up the slopes 
 of the Rockies and down the slopes of the Rockies on 
 the hither side, until we have piled up on the Western 
 coast, and we have made here — I challenge you to take 
 note — we have developed here on this Western coast 
 a civilization and Christian crystallization of character 
 and home that is even more distinctively New England 
 in its type than you will find anywhere between the two 
 seas. (Great applause.) If you lived here a half dozen 
 years, as I have, you of the East would begin to dis- 
 cern the fact that the strength of New England charac- 
 ter has wrought itself like a thread of gold into the 
 tapestry of this cosmopolitan society, and produced a 
 breadth and brilliance of character such as may well 
 parallel that on the Atlantic Coast. We have come 
 across the continent, through the river valleys and over 
 the mountains and down these rivers, and here we 
 stand at what was supposed for a generation would be 
 the last stopping-place of the American people. But 
 we cannot stop here. We are now very near the mid- 
 dle of things, just on the spot where we stand. If you 
 draw a line from the toe of Florida on the great circle 
 to the end of the Alaskan peninsula, and then draw a 
 
77 
 
 line from Eastport, Maine, on the same principle, down 
 to our newly-acquired and ever-wefcome cosmopolitan 
 Honolulu (great applause), you will find that those two 
 lines bisect each other very near the spot on which we 
 stand. This is about the middle of the United States. 
 (Laughter and applause.) And we are going to fill it 
 with so many and such a good quality of people under 
 your administration. Sir, that the United States from 
 end to end will be glad to come in here one of these 
 days, to the center, and see how it looks at the Hub! 
 (Laughter and applause.) I say these things, Mr. 
 President, that my good friend who was on the plat- 
 form a little while ago (Dr. Barton) may understand 
 that there is one modest Westerner. (Great laughter.) 
 And now I must take my seat, having only indicated 
 what I believe sincerely to be true, that God has not 
 made the triple gates that open on this Western sea for 
 nothing; the Golden Gate that faces to the many isles 
 of the sea and Yokohama; this king of the rivers — dis- 
 covered, by the way, by Captain Gray, that floated the 
 Stars and Stripes on her trip from Boston; yes, it was 
 a Boston man that discovered the Columbia river 
 (applause) — this king of rivers opening out to Yoka- 
 hama, Hong Kong and Corea; and the Straits of Fuca, 
 our northern gateway, opening out to Corea, to Vlad- 
 ivostock, and the mouth of the great Yukon. God has 
 not made this triple gateway in vain. We have not 
 thought it, but it begins now to seem as if he has de- 
 sip-ned that, having accomplished for ourselves a base 
 of operations, if you please, a base of supplies, with its 
 one foot on the Atlantic and one on the Pacific, facing 
 Europe, of course, now facing Asia, we shall now move 
 out of these triple gates to teach the populous millions 
 of Asia how to govern themselves on the principles of 
 
 Or r 
 
78 
 
 Plymouth Rock. (Great applause.) I believe that 
 whatever may be the future concerning the annexation 
 of territory — and all our traditions are aggressive and 
 progressive — whether we hold territory or not, we shall, 
 in the name of Jesus Christ, plant American Christian- 
 ity, which means civil and religious liberty, far away 
 on the coasts of Asia and the isles of the sea. (Great 
 applause.) 
 
 President McCLELLAND: Three or four weeks 
 ago I was introduced to the Boston Ministers' meeting 
 by a prominent minister of Boston as the president who 
 represented a college which was the ne plus ultra of 
 Christian education on this continent. We are mak- 
 ing history, as we hear, very fast in these last few weeks. 
 We are now, it seems, the central college of the world. 
 We shall have to change our nomenclature from this 
 time on. (Applause.) 
 
 President Gates, of Iowa College, thought he had 
 escaped me, but he is just here at the left, and we want 
 to hear a word from Iowa College. (Applause.) 
 
 President GATES: Mr. President, I have great re- 
 spect for an American audience that can stand talking 
 to after this time of night; but we can't get away, so I 
 may as well take my place and go on for a little bit. 
 
 I have no formal address, but a word of greeting I am 
 pleased to bring to this institution concerning which I 
 read a misprint, as I supposed, a few days ago. In a 
 paper I picked up I read that Pacific University was 
 to celebrate its fiftieth anniversary. I said, "It means 
 its twenty-fifth, of course." I am utterly out of pa- 
 tience with you! We have been boasting that we were 
 the oldest institution west of the Mississippi river. (I 
 
79 
 
 believe this is West, too, but if you go much further it 
 will be East.) But I must share with you that honor. 
 1 think it peculiarly appropriate that I should bring 
 from Iowa College, which this year celebrates its fiftieth 
 anniversary, the greeting of that college to one which, 
 very much to our surprise, is observing the same anni- 
 versary. We have been celebrating the fact that Iowa 
 College began in the year 1847, but really began work 
 in 1848, ''with two students on a rainy day," and one 
 Home Missionary pastor for faculty. An early cata- 
 logue published the fact that there were three profes- 
 sors and three vacancies — not identical. So we have 
 grown to be what we are. But this is your day, not 
 ours. 
 
 It has been eloquently said here today that our civ- 
 ilization is moving gradually Westward, dupHcating its 
 experience. As I sat here today I said to myself, "We 
 went through all this last week in Iowa." I seem to 
 be quite at home, for you are doing just what we were 
 doing there, as these pioneers have been set before us 
 in history and in person. 
 
 But I don't like Dr. Pearsons; he is a rascal of the 
 first order! After this fashion: I have cultivated Dr. 
 Pearsons to the best of my ability; I have purred around 
 him; called on him without saying a word; congratu- 
 lated him on all the good work he was doing; tried to 
 wriggle into his good graces; dwelt on the fact that I 
 was born within twelve miles of where he was up in 
 Vermont; that we fished in the same little brook. He 
 admitted it all, but — the conclusion didn't follow. 
 (Great laughter and applause.) Now, I don't think it 
 is fair. He says in his final answer to me, "Iowa Col- 
 lege is too rich." That discovery has not been made 
 
80 
 
 by our faculty or trustees. I was down East a little 
 while ago, calling on a few friends, and I ran across the 
 names of eight college presidents; in the next morning's 
 papers I saw two more. I started for home. Iowa 
 College has had its day for work in the East, and I am 
 glad to say this in the presence of so many Eastern 
 people. When an Eastern man looks me squarely in 
 the face, and says, "You can go home and tell Iowa peo- 
 ple that it is time that Iowa, with its abounding prop- 
 erty and its unfailing crops, should get down out of the 
 lap of the East and run alone," I haven't a word to say, 
 but just go. That is right; the place where the benev- 
 olence of the East ought to go now is to the pioneer 
 colleges of the farther West. (Applause.) 
 
 I was a little afraid this afternoon, when we were 
 talking about provincialism, we might get into trouble. 
 Your editor, Mr. Scott, swung the door wide open; but 
 it has closed so graciously that half the good stories 1 
 had to tell are out of date. But that word provincial- 
 ism leads us to the conclusion or the discovery that 
 Boston is no longer a locahty; Boston is a state of mind. 
 (Laughter and applause.) This ground has been pretty 
 well covered, but allow me to add a word, lest misun- 
 derstanding should possibly arise in the ears of friends 
 in the East concerning the appreciation of the West 
 for what friends East have done for the West. What- 
 ever we may say in a light way, no possibility of such an 
 impression must be permitted. Iowa College has today 
 about $300,000 of productive funds, three-fourths of 
 which came from the East. We are not going to for- 
 get that, are we? (Applause.) I remember that 
 Henry Preserved Carter, father of the present presi- 
 dent of WilHams College, said to a Dr. Ephriam Adams, 
 
81 
 
 who sits here with us today, pointing to a modest home: 
 "You see that home? I could have biiilt a better home, 
 a richer one; but if I had done it I could not have given 
 $7,000 to Iowa College." I remember that other man, 
 Samuel Williston, on the interest of whose endowment 
 of $28,000 in Iowa College I live. Several relatives of 
 Mr. WilHston are present at this Council. You must 
 not ask me to forget the East. (Applause.) And I 
 remember that in July of 1893 — business men well re- 
 member that period — there came to Iowa College from 
 the estate of a manufacturer in Central Connecticut, 
 New Britain, Mr. Erwin, a check for $89,000. We can 
 stand a good deal of that sort of provincialism. What- 
 ever prosperity comes to us in the future, let us not 
 forget that these foundations, in our years of pioneer 
 poverty, were laid by friends in the East who recognized 
 the fact that they were helping to save the country to 
 its highest purpose when they gave liberally to such in- 
 stitutions as this. 
 
 The provincialism that we do not like is that which 
 the president of Harvard shows when he speaks of "the 
 uninformed public opinion of the West." You will 
 allow an Eastern man to object to that, for I was born 
 and trained educationally in the East. Two or three 
 years ago I gave a series of four or five addresses to a 
 company of Dakota farmers. Those poor people had 
 driven from one to fifty miles to spend a few days in a 
 grove. They gathered in a little bend of the "Jim" 
 river, on which grew a few twigs about as big as my 
 arm, and they thought they were in a "grove"; it was 
 all there was within a hundred miles. You can imagine 
 how a New England boy pitied them. I can testify that 
 I never stood before a company of people where I had 
 
82 
 
 to mind my P's and Q's in what I said more than I 
 did before those Dakota farmers. And if there be any 
 — capitalist, banker, manufacturer — who think wisdom 
 is confined to the East or to their class, and is not 
 scattered about on those Western prairies, that is where 
 they are making one of their prime blunders. Thou- 
 sands of men on these prairies and amid these moun- 
 tains are reading and thinking broadly and effectively. 
 It is the business of education to put an end to social, 
 religious, political and industrial provinciaHsm. That 
 leads me to say that Congregational institutions always 
 have stood for the largest spirit of liberty. Liberty is 
 always a dangerous and revolutionary thing; but there 
 is one thing more dangerous, namely, an attempt to sup- 
 press liberty. Hence, it is a good thing to keep away 
 all sorts of provincialism in our thinking. For instance, 
 •I met in our last presidential campaign a banker in Iowa. 
 He said, "My personal interests are in favor of the gold 
 standard, because I belong to the creditor class; I be- 
 lieve that my personal interests would be best served 
 by having the gold standard; but my honest convic- 
 tion as a student of finance is that the silver standard 
 stands more for righteousness in all the world than the 
 gold standard. Therefore, I vote for silver." Per 
 contra, I talked with an Iowa farmer, who said: 'T be- 
 lieve from all the study I can make of the subject that 
 my personal interests would be best subserved if we had 
 the silver standard, for I belong to the debtor class; but 
 the best study I can give to the subject convinces me 
 that it would not be best for the universal interest. 
 Therefore, I shall vote for gold." To those two men, 
 to each absolutely alike, do I pay the tribute of my 
 reverential respect. (Great applause.) It won't do to 
 take it for granted that 6,000,000 voters are all wrong 
 
88 
 
 and 7,000,000 all right. (Applause.) I have a right 
 to speak on this subject because 1 did not vote with 
 the 6,000,000. As much as I stand by my opinion, so 
 much do I claim the right of every man to stand by his 
 opinion, and to be honored for it. It is a dangerous 
 symptom in a democracy when New York, because it 
 has the creditor class, stands solid for gold, and Colo- 
 rado, Utah or California, because each thinks its own 
 private interests are favored by silver, shall vote solid 
 on that side. We must get to the standard of the two 
 men I have mentioned, where each will sacrifice his own 
 for what he believes to be the good of the whole, be- 
 fore we can have the right kind of democracy. (Ap- 
 plause.) 
 
 Speaking of educational standards, 1 am going to 
 say another word which I fear in this audience will be 
 unpopular. I get indignant in Iowa because our high 
 schools are wont to speak of spohomore, etc., and use 
 the terms, ''commencement" and ''baccalaureate." This 
 is pedagogic blundering, even if not crime. It tends to 
 teach young people to disregard higher education; it is 
 a nomenclature which belongs to institutions of higher, 
 not secondary, learning. They talk about baccalau- 
 reate sermons, when they have no baccalaureate, i. e., 
 bachelor, degrees to confer. Now, Brother McClel- 
 land — I used to know my friend in student days in An- 
 dover, and I am perfectly wilHng to take any threshing 
 lie will give me for what I am about to say, for there 
 are some fellows from whom I would rather take a 
 licking than a caress from others — if I were on the 
 board of trustees of Pacific University I should move 
 for a change of name. So far as I know, Pacific Uni- 
 versity is the only American college of the Congrega- 
 
84 
 
 tional order that bears the name "university." That is 
 a technical term, which has a right not to be misused. 
 Here in the West our soil is very rich, and weeds grow 
 rank, and names also grow very rank. I have noticed, 
 and you have probably noticed it, too, that the smaller 
 the institution the more wind. The more worthless 
 and inadequate in its equipment, the larger its name. I 
 don't like the name university for a college. (Ap- 
 plause.) I do not want to be discourteous or critical, 
 but I just stand as a Congregationalist in accordance 
 with our traditions. I want to cherish and honor that 
 good, rich old name, distinctively American — College. 
 I do not know how you will do it; I do not know that 
 you will think it wise; but forgive me if I have been 
 rude. 
 
 One other word, and I am done. I heard a man say 
 that the treasurer of Pacific University — his name is 
 Failing, I believe, of Portland — is such a man that no 
 power of president or board of trustees of this institu- 
 tion can wrest one dollar of this college's endowment 
 fund to be used for current expenses. (Great ap- 
 plause.) 1 pay you my compliments, Sir, in choosing, 
 if you helped to choose him, or my congratulations if 
 you did not, in having such a treasurer. This country 
 is strewn with wrecks of colleges that have gone down 
 because they did not know what endowment means. I 
 have not been the president of a Western college a 
 dozen years without knowing the temptation in this 
 direction. They are tremendous, but one of the grav- 
 est mistakes a college can make is to use up its endow- 
 ment for cuiTcnt expenses. If, therefore, I have criti- 
 cised by a single word your name, let me cover that up 
 by congratulation on the splendid financial showing 
 
86 
 
 that you are able to make. Bringing, therefore, the 
 greetings of the oldest educational- institution (I can- 
 not yet say "one of the oldest") west of the Mississippi 
 river, wishing for you the greatest success, and believ- 
 ing that under your administration, and those associated 
 with you, you will attain it, I thank you for giving me 
 this opportunity for presenting our congratulations. 
 (Applause.) 
 
 The exercises were closed with the benediction by 
 Rev. G. S. F. Savage, D. D., of the Chicago Theological 
 Seminary. 
 
86 
 
 When the institution was organized on September 
 21, 1848, the following persons were appointed trustees: 
 
 Rev. Harvey Clark, Alvin T. Smith, Esq., 
 
 Hiram Clark, Esq., Rev. Geo. H. Atkinson, 
 
 Peter H. Hatch, Esq., James Moore, Esq., 
 
 Rev. Lewis Thompson, O. Russell, Esq. 
 Wm. H. Gray, Esq., 
 
 The Board of Trustees as at present constituted is as 
 follows: 
 
 OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. 
 
 Hon. A. Hinman President. 
 
 Napoleon Davis, Esq Secretary. 
 
 Rev. Myron Eells, D. D Assistant Secretary. 
 
 Hon. Henry Failing Treasurer. 
 
 Prof. W. N. Ferrin Financial Secretary. 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 Pres. Thomas McClelland, D. D., ex-of?icio. Forest Grove. 
 
 Hon. R. P. Boise, LL. D., Salem. 
 
 Rev. Cephas F. Clapp, Forest Grove. 
 
 L. H. Andrews, Esq., Oregon City. 
 
 Hon. H. VV. Corbett, Portland. 
 
 Hon. A. Hinman, Forest Grove. 
 
 Hon. Henry Failing, Portland. 
 
 F. M. Warren, Esq., Portland. 
 
 Milton W. Smith, Esq., A. M., Portland. 
 
 Newton McCoy, Esq., A. B., Portland. 
 
 Napoleon Davis, Esq., A. M., Portland. 
 
 Rev. Myron Eells, D. D., Union City, Wash. 
 
 A. T. Gilbert, Esq., Salem. 
 
 Hon. H. H. Northup, Portland. 
 
YC 653