GIFT OF a A SYLLABUS OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY: OUTLINES AND LITERATURE, introductory Sreatnuut of iiWiral $eograp&B, BY IRA M. PRICE, PH.D., LEIPZIG, PRFOESSOR OF HEBREW AND THE COGNATE I ANGUAGES IN THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, MORGAN PARK, CHICAGO. Give diligence to present tnvsclf approved into God, a Workman that needeth not to be ashamed, handling aright the word of truth. a TIM. ii. 15. , : : Fleming f>. "Revctl : : NEW YORK: CHICAGO: 12 BIBLE HOUSE, A6TOR PLACE. I 148 AND 160 MADISON STREET. * publisher of ^Evangelical literature = Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1890, by FLEMING H. REVELL, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. ' i '' i ' .""".'! * Co in WHICH HAVE PURSUED, DURING THE PAST FOUR YEARS, WITH SO MUCH INTEREST AND ENTHUSIASM^ THE STUDY OF THE HISTORICAL PORTION OF UNDER THE DIRECTION OP THK AUTHOR. 371531 PREFACE. We have reached a new era in Bible study. Old plans and methods of work are giving place to the new. The old material of the Bible has become enriched by the wealth of antiquity. The nations of the Orient are rising from their slumbers. The voices of peoples, old when the first word of the Old Testament was penned, are heard in the East. Their testimony is essential to any correct estimate of those times. In fact, the field of study has so enlarged and expanded that the old text -book method of studying Old Testament History must be superseded by one more stimulating and comprehensive. The student should be turned loose in the luxuriant fields of modern investigation and discovery. He should pro- duce his picture of Old Testament History filled with all the events of contemporaneous peoples. This Syllabus aims to furnish a practical compendium and plan of work to accomplish just this end. It is designed as a new text- book for use in Seminaries, Colleges, Academies and Training Schools. The Bible narrative alone can be studied, or in addition thereto any prescribed amount of outside reading done. The option of teacher or stu- dent can be followed. The plan of work is very simple. Before one attempts to study the Old Testament he should have some definite vi OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. knowledge of the lands of the Bible. The barest external facts respecting the chief book to be studied should be made familiar. And the section of history to be analyzed and synchronized must be divided into periods pos- sessing characteristics all their own. Hence the INTRO- DUCTION takes up and studies Biblical Geography, gives some of the simplest chronological facts about the Old Testament, and divides the history to be treated into twelve periods, or epochs, each possessing peculiarities its own. The body of the book presents these periods divided into sections, the sections into paragraphs, the paragraphs into sub-heads, etc. This analysis does not claim perfec- tion. Its degree of detail is not everywhere uniform. The demands of the narrative are not everywhere the same, so that no one method has been pursued to monot- ony. The whole aims to be an orderly and convenient arrangement and classification of the most important facts in Old Testament History. It will serve as a basis, or starting-point, for supplemental reading on the part of the student. Questions of criticism and chronology are, for the most, purposely omitted. At this stage of the study they would prove to be only a source of confusion. The literature referred to is generally that which should be most access- ible to the ordinary student. Josephus' Antiquities, how- ever, should be read alongside the corresponding Bible PREFACE. vii account. All this cited literature is barely an introduction to the vast field now open to the student of Old Testa- ment History. These outlines are not expository in the ordinary sense \ of that term. They are intended- to lead the student along the line of the facts. He familiarizes himself with the Old Testament narrative, and with all the new light shed on its pages by contemporaneous history and modern discovery and research. This is just the point at which \ most Bible students are deficient. Moralize and allegorize they can, easily. But to give and explain the Bible facts accurately, and in order, is a rare ability. Some of the prevalent erroneous and disastrous allegorizing methods of our day will meet their doom when their advocates and employers become grounded in a knowledge of the histor- ical setting of the Old Testament. As soon as the careful and devoted student has mastered the events and the facts, the impulses and the motives and the moral at the bottom of these facts readily appear, the lessons and teachings, thus concretely expressed, present themselves with a vividness and force never before conceived. / The APPENDIX presents, in an abbreviated, concise and convenient form, the synchronism of Judah and Israel. The LIST OF WORKS gathers up the authorities referred to throughout the Syllabus, and adds a SUPPLEMENTAL LIST of some of the more elaborate, the more scholarly, and the latest works of value for more extensive and detailed viii OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. study of Old Testament History. The GENERAL INDEX includes the historical names and topics mentioned only in the Syllabus. For the preparation of the INDEX OF SCRIPTURE TEXTS, and for the verification of the Bible references, the thanks of the author are due Mr. L. C. Randolph of the Seminary. Other obligations are suffi- ciently recognized by references. By a discriminating and careful use of the interleaves in jotting down new facts, explanations and references, each one can make for himself of this Syllabus a handy and indispensable compend of Old Testament History. A similar treatment of Old Testament Prophecy is in course of preparation. It is the purpose of the author to pr$Jide a simple, concise, practical and comprehensive method of studying the history found in the Old Testament and among contemporaneous peoples. He, therefore, invites suggestions, criticism and corrections leading to that end. More conscious than any one else of its defects, yet convinced by four years of class-room experience of its practicalness, the author now gives to the Bible studying public this little Syllabus. It is accompanied with the prayer that it may be the means of arousing a more genuine interest in the fundamental historical study of the Old Testament revelation. THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, IRA M. PRICE. Morgan Park, Chicago, December 6, 1890. TABLE OF CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION. Pages I. Why study Old Testament History? 5-8 II. Biblical Geography .., ' 8-20 Sees. 1. The Old Testament World 10-11 2. Geography of Palestine H-I3 3 Geography of Palestine continued 13- 15 4. Natural History of Palestine 15-16 5. Climate of Palestine 16 6. The Political Divisions of Palestine 17-18 7. The Chief Points and Cities of Palestine 18-19 S.Jerusalem 19-20 III. Literature , 21-23 9. The Books of the Bible 21 10. The Books and Chapters in the Old Testament 21-22 11. Moderate General Outfit for the Study of Old Testa- ment History 23 IV. Chronological 24-25 12. Period of Time covered by the Bible 24 13. Periods of Old Testament History 24-25 FIRST PERIOD, ANTE-DILUVIAN. 14. The Creation 27-28 15. Eden 29-30 16. The Temptation and the Fall ' 3O-3 1 17. Cain and his iTescendants 31 -32 18. Seth and his Descendants 33 SECOND PERIOD, POST-DILUVIAN. 19. The Deluge. ..j 34-35 20. The Second Beginning 35~36 21. The Table of Nations 36-38 22. The Tower of Babel and the Dispersion 3#-39 i 2 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. THIRD PERIOD, PATRIARCHAL. 23. Abraham's Call and Wanderings 40-41 24. Abraham's settled Life in Canaan 41-43 25. Career of Isaac 43-45 26. The Wanderings of Jacob to the History of Joseph... 45-46 27. Jacob and Joseph to the Descent into Egypt 46-47 FOURTH PERIOD, BONDAGE. 28. Descent and Settlement in Egypt 48-49 29. The Sojourn in Egypt 49~5O FIFTH PERIOD, WANDERINGS. 30. The Exodus 51-53 31. The March to Sinai 53-54 32. Doings at Sinai in the Book of Exodus 54~56 33. Doings and Laws given at Sinai in Lev. and Num. i-ix. 56-57 34. From Sinai to the Arnon 57-59 35. Conquests East of the Jordan 59~6i 36. Final Review and Death of Moses 61-62 SIXTH PERIOD, CONQUEST. 37. The Entrance into Canaan 63-64 38. The Southern Campaign 64-66 39. The Northern Campaign. ... ... 66-67 40. Settlement of the Tribes 67-69 41. Joshua's Departure and Condition of the Land. 69-70 42. Supplementary to the Conquest 7-7i SEVENTH PERIOD, JUDGES. 43. First three Oppressions and three Judges 7 2 ~73 44. Canaanite and Midianite Oppressions 73-75 45. Ammonite and Philistine Oppressions .**. 75 '77 46. Ruth 77-78 47. Eli and the Fall of Shiloh 78-80 48. Samuel as Judge and Ruler to the Accession of Saul. . 80-81 49. Samuel under a King, Saul \ 81-83 EIGHTH PERIOD, KINGDOM. 50. Saul's sane Career 84-86 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 3 5 1 . Saul's insane Career 86-88 52. David's pre-regal Career 88-90 53. David's prosperous Reign 9-93 54. David's calamitous Reign . . r . . 93-96 55. The Reign of Solomon '. . . . 96-99 56. Solomon's Temple 99-102 NINTH PERIOD, DUAL KINGDOM. 57. Dual religious Decline 103-105 j Reign of Asa in Judah, ) ,- o 5 *' | Destruction of three Dynasties in Israel, f 59. Reign of the House of Omri of Israel 108-1 12 60. Reign of Jehoshaphat of Judah 112-114 61. The great Period of oral Prophets and oral Prophecy.. 114-119 ( }7 ( Religious Decline in Judah, ) 11012? 'I Check to Idolatry in Israel, f 63. Religious Decline and regal Prosperity 122-125 , | Anarchy in Israel, ) _/- T/>c 6 4- /Idolatry in Judah, f I26 ' 128 TENTH PERIOD, JUDAH ALONE. ,. { Reforms in Judah. 6 5' ] Downfall of Israel, 66. Hezekiah's Reign after the Fall of Samaria 182 135 67. Reigns of Manasseh and Amon I 35' I 37 68. Josiah's Reign and Reform 137-140 69. Decline under Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim 140-141 70. Decline under Jehoiachin and Zedekiah 142-144 ELEVENTH PERIOD, THE EXILE. 71. Fall of Jerusalem 145-147 72. Remnants in Palestine and Egypt 147-149 73. Babylonian Exile of the Jews .., 149-151 TWELFTH PERIOD, RETURN. 74. Fall of Babylon 152-153 75. The first Return 153 154 76. Building of the second Temple 155-156 77. Queen Esther 156-157 4 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 78. Second Return under Ezra 157-158 79. Third Return Nehemiah 158-160 80. General Review.. 160-161 APPENDIX. The Chronology of Judah and Israel. Section I. Dual Kingdom 162-165 " II. Judah alone i66-i67 " III. Exile 167-168 " IV. Restoration 169 " V. Kings of Judah 170 " VI. Dynasties of Israel 171 INDEXES. List of Works referred to 172-176 Supplemental List 177-180 Index of Names and Topics 181- 188 Index of Scripture Texts *. 189- 198 INTRODUCTION. I. WHY STUDY OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY? The doings and sayings of individuals and peo- pies constitute the basis of history. They are the elements which give character to any time or period. We must know the men, and the times, and the customs of any people before our judgment on the character of any period of that people's history can be of real value. Their literature and religion are vitally connected with their daily life and activity; in fact, they grow out of the real life of the people. If we would understand their literature and religion, we must make a close study of their habits and cus- toms, in other words, of their history. This is as true of Old Testament as of secular history. The first and important work of every Bible student is to study the times and customs of the Bible, to bring up vividly before him the indi- vidual events of that history. For the doing of this work there are several important reasons: 5 6 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. a. We have here the oldest history of mankind. It contains an epitome of the world's history from the beginning down to the call of Abraham, and a condensed history of Abraham's descendants down to the close of the fourth century before Christ. It is brief, but exceedingly comprehensive. It sweeps through centuries of important and epitomized events. b. It is the most complete history of the oriental world in our possession. It is not confined to one people, but is full of references to many and great peoples. In fact, it is the only trustworthy source of information regarding several of those almost prehistoric nations. It is the beaten track through oriental times, to which and from which nu- merous pathways lead. Taking it as starting-point, and making it our own, we shall have little difficulty in increasing our knowledge of the contempora- neous history of the surrounding peoples. c. It is the history of God's chosen people. Gen. i-xi. 9, is the biblical introduction to the history of Israel. With the call of Abraham the chosen people are set apart. From this point to the end of the Old Testament we are following Israel. They are the peculiar objects of care. Aroun'd them Je- hovah makes everything revolve. Other peoples are mentioned only in so far as they come in contact with, or are related to, the house of Jacob. The history of Israel is full of instruction, admonition, INTRODUCTION. 7 encouragement, warning, promise and benediction to every one who will make of it a careful study. d. It is the soil out of which grew the prophetic and poetical writings of the Old Testament. It fur- nishes us the conditions of this growth and gives us the principles by which it was made. The prophetic utterances of the Old Testament are not isolated, but are vitally connected with some period and time. e. It is essential to any true method of interpret- ing the Old Testament. No one can understand the import, the full significance, of the words of the prophets without a reasonably complete knowl- edge of the times which called out their utterances. Their prophecies and predictions cannot be under- stood without a comprehension of the times in which they grew up. The ignorance current regarding Old Testament History has been the most fruitful source of bad and false interpretations in this por- tion of Scripture. Out of isolated and disconnected passages, regardless of the historic background, men have woven theories, spiritualized and allegor- ized until, in many minds, the Old Testament is a mere jumble of uncertain sounds. On the other hand, the history gives us the events and the customs of the people which provoked the words of the prophet; it gives us the basis for his utterances, and the only true data by which we can rightly interpret his words. Old Testament History is the basis and 8 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. background of a correct interpretation of the Old v Testament. I/. It will be the means of strengthening our faith in the Bible. In former times the charge of fable, fancy and fiction was made against this old revelation, as a whole. But no informed man, who is sane, will make this statement to-day. The old Bible has wit- nesses to its truth coming forth from almost every an- cient oriental land. Its statements are confirmed and re-affirmed by the discoveries in every portion of the Old Testament world. Its history is supple- mented and complemented and corroborated until, with renewed strength and faith, we can affirm and maintain its truth in the presence of every honest searcher after truth. g. It is the first part of our great revelation, the introduction to the coming of our Lord. It is a vital part of God's revealed word. The Bible is one book. It must be studied as one book. The Old Testament preceded the New, and prepared the way for it. It supplies material, types, illustrations and predictions for the New Testament. It is essential to an understanding of the New Testament. In fact, without it the New Testament cannot be cor- rectly interpreted. II. BIBLICAL GEOGRAPHY. History is local. Historical events, to be well understood, must be localized. Events are depend- INTRODUCTION. 9 ent for many of their characteristics upon the topog- raphy of the places in which they occurred. The reader or student of history must associate the event with its geographical surroundings. This is the only sure method of fixing and firmly grasping a series of occurrences. The mind of man makes pictures puts things into groups. And these groups always have a background against which they should be seen. The background is the mountain, the plain or the plateau. Bible history has been too long suspended in mid- air. Much of the current ignorance of i ts facts has been due to a neglect of the study of the geography of Palestine and adjacent lands. In other words, the background of the picture was lacking; there was no local coloring. Readers and students ram- bled through a mass of chaotic facts, and brought out with them only a very general impression of all that they had seen. By a systematic and orderly study of the background, at the start, we shall be prepared to locate our events as they occur, and pin them to their proper places. An important essential to a proper understanding of Old Testament History is a knowledge of the lands of the Bible. These are Palestine, and all the lands which are prominently mentioned in con- nection with the nations of the Old Testament. It has been found to be the most profitable introduction to the study of the history in the Old Testament 10 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Hence at this point this topic will be taken up and followed out with as much thoroughness of treatment as time and space will allow. Cf. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, Preface. 1. THE OLD TESTAMENT WORLD. 1. Extent: a. by parallels; b. by miles; c by sq. miles. 2. Chief bodies of water seven: a. location; b. size; c. characteristics. 3. Principal mountain ranges six: a. location; b. extent and height; c. characteristics. 4. Main rivers six: a. source, direction and out- let; b. length and use. 5. Mountain countries three : a. names and boundaries; b. contour and characteristics; c. principal cities. 6. Plain countries five: a. names and bounda- ries; b. contour and characteristics; c. princi- pal cities. 7. Mediterranean coast lands six: a. names and boundaries; b. contour and characteristics; c. principal cities. Suggestions : 1. Draw a map of the Old Testament world. 2. Make constant use of the map until the points become fixed in mind. 3. Locate from memory (i) the bodies of water, INTRODUCTION. 11 (2) mountain ranges, (3) rivers, and (4) the countries in each of these divisions. 4. Give the location of the ancient capital or principal city in each of the countries. 5. Thoroughly master this section before proceed- ing to the next. Literature : Hurlbut, Manual of Biblical Geography, pp. 17- 22. Johnson, Biblical Wall Atlas. F. H. Revell, Chi- cago and N. Y., 1889. . Wilson, John, The Lands of the Bible, 2 vols. Ed- inburgh, 1847. Kennedy, J. F., Countries and Places Mentioned in Bible History. Am. S. S. Union. Bible Atlas, by George Grove. London, 1868. Coleman, Lyman, An Historical Text Book and Atlas of Biblical Geography. Phil- adelphia, 1877. Bible Atlas and Gazetteer, Am. Tract Society. New Bible Atlas, new edition, Religious Tract Soc. London, 1890. 2. GEOGRAPHY OF PALESTINE. 1. Boundaries of Palestine proper. 2. Extent: a. by parallels; b. by miles; c. area, (i) west of Jordan, (2) east of Jordan, (3) total; d. land of promise. 12 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Origin and significance of its names: a. Canaan; b. Palestine; c. Holy Land. 4. Natural divisions of Palestine four parallels from North to South* a. plain by the Mediter- ranean Sea; b. mountain range; c. Jordan val- ley; d. eastern table-land. $. Size, divisions and characteristics of the mari- time plain : a. Phoenicia ; b. Esdraelon ; c. Sharon; d. Philistia. 6. Describe tfa mountain range, especially: a. lower Lebanon; b. hills of lower Galilee; c. hill country of Judea and Samaria; d. low hills; e. South country. 7. Characteristics of the Jordan valley: a. its re- markable depression; b. its sudden fall; c. size and surroundings. 8. Eastern table-land: a, boundaries; b. contour; c. contents. Literature : Hurlbut, Manual of Bib. Geog., pp. 28-32. Osborn, Map of Palestine. Conder, C. R., Map of Palestine, in 26 sheets. Lon- don, 1880. Conder, C. R., Palestine. N.Y. 1890. Kiepert, H., Neue Wandkarte von Palaestina. Ber- lin, 1854. Van de Velde, C. W. M., Map of the Holy Land, 8 sheets, second edition. London, 1865. Robinson, Physical Geog.of Palestine. Boston, 1865. -INTRODUCTION. 13 Thomson, The Land and The Book, 3 vols', (new edition), N. Y. 1886. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, chap. i-xi. N. Y. Robinson, Biblical Researches in Palestine, 3 vols. Boston, 1857. Macduff, Sunsets on Hebrew Mountains. Wilson, Jno., Lands of the Bible. 2 vols. Merrill, East of the Jordan. N. Y., 1883. Schumacher, Across the Jordan. London, 1886. Tristram, The Land of Israel. London, 1886. Land of Moab. N. Y., 1873. Dixon, Hepworth. The Holy Land. London, 1868. Osborn, Guide to Palestine. Philadelphia, 1868. Baedeker, Syria and the Holy Land. Leipzig, 1885. Articles on "Palestine" in Encycs. and Dictionaries. 3. GEOGRAPHY OF PALESTINE Continued. 1 . Principal mountain peaks west of the Jordan give ten: a. names; b. height; c. relative lo- cation. 2. Principal points east of the Jordan three: a. names; b. heights; c. relative position. 3. Plains of Palestine: a. Esdraelon; b. Sharon; c. Philistia; d. Jericho or Jordan; e. South country; f. Bashan. 4. River of Palestine Jordan: a. sources; b. fall between various points; c. length, width and 14 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. depth; d. entire fall; e. velocity; /. average per mile. 5. Brooks and wadies of Palestine : (i) east of Jor- dan three; (2) west of Jordan and empty- ing into it three; (3) flowing into the Mediterranean Sea three; a. names; b. size, length; c. territory drained; d. perpet- ual or perennial. 6. Lakes of Palestine two: a. Merom (cf. Josh. x i- 5) 7); b- Chinnereth or Galilee (cf. Num. xxxiv. ii ; Deut. iii. 17; Josh. xii. 3; xiii. 27); a. size; b. level; c. connection; d. use. 7. The sea of Palestine (Salt, Gen. xiv. 3; of Arab ah, Deut. iii. 17; Eastern, Ezek. xlvii. 18; Joel ii. 20,: a. size; b. depth; c. level; d. character of water; e. source of supply; /. outlet; g. its enclosure. 8. Characteristics of Palestine: a. seclusion from the rest of the world; b. smallness and nar- rowness of territory; c. central position, cf. I Kings x. 29; 2 Kings xxiii. 29. Literature: Additional to that given under 6. Ritter, Geography of Palestine, vol. ii. pp. 226- 336. Lynch, Expedition to the Jordan and Dead Sea Philadelphia, 1849. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, chaps, vi. ix. xi. MacGregor, J., The Rob Roy on the Jordan, Nile and Red Sea. New York, 1870. INTRODUCTION. 15 Manning, Sam'l, Those Holy Fields. Gage, W. L., Studies in Bible Lands. Am. Tract Society. 4. NATURAL HISTORY OF PALESTINE. 1. Geological features: (i)#. sea coast; b. plains; c. mountain west of Jordan; d. mountain east of Jordan; e. Gilead; f. Hauran, Bashan; g. east of Dead Sea; (2) a. springs and foun- tains; b. sepulchres; c. caves; d. extinct vol- canic remains. 2. Botanical features : (i) a. plains; b. hill coun- try west; c. hill country east; d. Bashan; e. Jordan valley; /. South country; (2) a. chief fruits; b. chief flowers; c. chief vegetables; d. chief grains. 3. Zoological features : (i) a. mammalia; b. birds; c. reptiles; d. fishes; (2) a. chief domestic animals; b. chief wild animals; c. chief ven- omous reptiles. Literature : Stanley, Sinai and Palestine. Map opp. p. 178. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog. Map p. 28. Lynch. See 6. Tristram, Natural Hist of the Bible. New York, 1867. Harris, u " " " Boston, 1820. Groser, Trees and Plants of the Bible, in By-paths of Bible Knowledge. Religious Tract Society, London. 16 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Tristram, Fauna and Flora of Palestine. London, 1888.' Osborn, Plants of the Bible. Philadelphia, 1865. Barrows, Sacred Geography and Antiquities. Hart H. C, Animals of the Bible. Rel. Tract Soc. Wood, J..G., Bible Animals. New York, 1872. 5. CLIMATE OF PALESTINE. 1. Seasons: a. Winter, Nov.-April, wet; b. summer, May Oct., rainy and dry. 2. Temperature: a. average in winter 49.1; b. greatest cold 28; c. average July and Aug. 78.4; d. greatest heat 92; e. extreme range in year 52; f. mean annual 65. 6; g. isothermal lines in U.S.A., across Florida and Southern California; //. at different times of the day; i. at various elevations. 3. Rain: a. time of greatest fall; b. time of least fall; c. mean annual fall; d. direction of ap- proach. 4. Winds: a. westerly in rainy seasons; b. easterly in winter; c. N. W. and S. in summer; d. sirocco. 5. Purity of the atmosphere. Literature: Robinson's Physical Geog. of Palestine. Gage, W. L. Studies in the Holy Land. Under art. "Palestine" in Smith's Bib. Dictionary. Any work on the Geography of Palestine. INTRODUCTION. 17 ^ ^6. THE POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF PALESTINE. 1. Patriarchal period down to descent into Egypt: a. low-lands Canaanites, Phoeni- cians; b. highlands west Amorites, Hivites, Jebusites, Hittites; c. highlands east Moab- ites, Amorites, Ammonites. 2. Tribal period settlement of the tribes: (1) Tribes east of Jordan two and one- half. (2) Tribes west of Jordan and south of half tribe of Manasseh 5. (3) Tribes west of Jordan and north of half tribe of Manasseh 4. a. name; b, bound; c. characterize each ter- ritory. 3. Regal period Saul to fall of the kingdom: (1) United under Saul, David and Solo- men. (2) Divided at disruption of the kingdom. a. Judah Benjamin, Judah and Simeon. b. Israel remaining ten tribes. c. comparative size of the two territories. 4. New Testament period under Rome: (i) west of Jordan: a. Galilee; b. Sa- maria; c. Judea; (2) east of Jordan: a. south of brook Hieromax, Perea; b. north of brook Hieromax, Bashan. a. bound; b. give principal cities; c. charact- er of the country. 18 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Draw an outline map of Palestine in each period. Locate the principal points and cities. Master these thoroughly. Literature; Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., Map on p. 50, cf. p. 60. " " P- 58. " " pp. 64,68, 100. " " pp. 86, 88, 89. 7. THE CHIEF POINTS AND CITIES IN PALESTINE. 1. On sea coast : a. Joppa; b. Carmel; c. Tyre; a. locate; b. give importance of each. 2. On the mountain range: a. Beersheba; b. He- ron; c. Jerusalem; d. Bethel; e. Samaria;/. Shechem; g. Mt. Gilboa; h. Razor. 3. In the Jordan valley : a. Jericho; b. Dan at sources of Jordan. 4. On eastern table land : a. Heshbon; b. Ra- moth Gilead; c. Mahanaim. Locate each of the above points in the divisions of Palestine in a. Patriarchal period; b. Tribal per- iod; c. Regal period; d. N. T. period. Make yourself master of the outlines and main points in Palestine before you leave them. Literature: Additional to preceding sections: Osborn, Map of Palestine. In Thomson's Land and Book. INTRODUCTION. 19 Porter, Giant Cities of Bashan. Each name in Smith's Bible Dictionary. Any other trustworthy work on Palestine. 8. JERUSALEM. 1. Name: a. m period of judges, Jebus, Judg. ix. 10; b. Jerusalem in Regal period; c. in Christian times, Holy City; d. now, El Khuds, 'the holy.' 2. General location ( I ) politically: a. territory of Jebusites; b. in Benjamin; c. in Judah; d. in Judea; (2) geographically: a. 32 miles from Mediterranean; b. 18 miles from Dead Sea; c. 20 miles north of Hebron; d. 36 miles south of Samaria; e. 2600 feet above sea level. 3. Special location (i) Valleys uniting at S. E. angle of city: a. Hinnom, from N. W. ; b. Kidron or Jehoshaphat from N. ; c. Tyro- pcean from N. N. W. ; (2) Mounts: a Zion S. W. between Hinnom and Tyropoean; b. Moriah S. E. between Tyropcean and Kidron ; c, Acra N. of Zion; d. Bezetha N. of Moriah. Remark a. Olivet is east of Jerusalem. 4. Sections of the City. a. upper city or Zion; b. lower city or Acra N. of Zion and W. of temple; c. Ophel, parks and gardens S. of Moriah; d. Moriah, N. of Ophel con- tained the temple. 20 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. History : a. fortress of Jebusites until David's capture of it (1048); b. capital of United Kingdom, and of Judah; c. sacked by Shi - shak in Rehoboam's reign; d. sacked by Phil- istines and Arabians in reign of Jehoram; e. sacked by Joash of Israel in Ajnaziah's reign ; f. sacked by Nebuchadrezzar in reign of Jehoiakim (608); g. sacked by same king in reign of Jehoiachin (599); h. sacked and de- stroyed by Neb. in reign of Zedekiah (588); i. rebuilt about 5 36-5 20 ; j. walls built by Nehe- miah (445); k. sacked by Antiochus Epiph- anes (168 B. C.); /. destroyed by the Ro- mans in A. D., 70; m. at present a Turkish city of 20,000 inhabitants. Literature: Maps in Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog. pp. 72, 75, 78, 79, 81, 82. Stanley, Sinai and Pal., p. 226. See also " Jeru- salem" in index to Stanley. Thomson, Land and Book, vol. i, pp. 412-567. Admirable description, maps and cuts. Fergusson, Ancient Topography of Jerusalem, 1847. Williams, The Holy City, 2 vols., London, 1849. Barclay, The City of the Great King. Phila. ,1858. Thrupp, Ancient Jerusalem, a new investigation, 1855. Wilson and Warren, The Recovery of Jerusalem, New York, 1871. Besant & Palmer, Jerusalem, the City of Herod and Saladin, new edition, London, 1889. Sm. Bib. Diet., art. "Jerusalem." INTRODUCTION. 21 III. LITERATURE. 9. THE BOOKS OF THE BIBLE. i . In General. 1 . The Bible contains sixty-six books. Isaiah contains sixty-six chapters. 2 . The Old Testament, thirty-nine books, is in gen- eral historical. The first section of Isaiah, thirty-nine chapters, is in general historical. 3. The New Testament, twenty -seven books, is in general doctrinal. The Second section of Isaiah, twenty -seven chap- ters, is in general doctrinal or evangelical. 2. The Books of the Old Testament. 1. Kinds of Literature in the Old Testament, his- torical. poetical, prophetical. C Pentateuch - 5 2. Historical, J Other hist. books 12 17 3. Poetical, - - 5 4. Prophetical, - - 17 Total, - ... 39 10. THE BOOKS AND CHAPTERS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. Commit to memory the entire list of books in the 22 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Old Testament in their order, together with the number of chapters in each book. Follow the order under 9. 2. Observe a few points: 1. In the Pentateuch: Gen and Ex. contain chap- ters which are multiples of 10 (50 and 40); Lev. and Num. contain multiples of 9 (27 and 36). 2. /;/ the twelve other historical books: a. Joshua and 2 Sam. contain each 24 chaps.; b. 1 Sam. contains same as Prov., 31 chaps.; c. 2 Chron. contains same as Num., 36 chaps.; d. Ezra and Esther contain each 10 chaps. 3. Major Prophets: Isaiah contains same number of chapters as the Bible does of books sixty- six. 4. Commit to memory the Minor Prophets. Ho-Jo-Am Ob-Jo-Mi ! Na-Ha-Ze Ha-Ze-Ma. 5. In General. Three chaps, are found in Joel, Nah , Hab.Zeph. Four " " " Ruth, Jon. and Mai. Ten " Ezra and Esther. Twelve " Eccl. and Dan. Fourteen " Hos. and Zech. Twenty-four " Josh, and I Sam. Thirty-one " " " " 2 Sam. and Prov. Thirty-six " Num. and 2 Chron. NOTE Historical Books contain 436 chaps. Poetical " " 243 " Prophetical " " 250 " Total, . 929 " INTRODUCTION. 23 11. MODERATE GENERAL OUTFIT FOR THE STUDY OF OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY.t Revised Version, minion^ octavo. Oxford. Hurlbut, Manual of Bib. Geography. Chicago. Geikie, Hours with the Bible, either three or six volume edition. Potts, N. Y. Blaikie, Manual of Bible History. Nelson, N. Y. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews. Stanley, History of the Jewish Church, 3 vols. Scrib- ner's, N. Y. Thomson's The Land and the Book, 3 vols. Har- pers, 1886. *Edersheim, Bible History, / vols. London. ^Smith's Bible Dictionary, 4 vols. ^Smith's Old Testament History. *By-Paths of Bible Knowledge, Religious Tract Soc., London. *Bissell, Biblical Antiquities. Am. S. S. Union, 1888. *Humphrey, E. P. Sacred History from Creation to Giving of the Law. New York, Armstrong, 1888. *Men of the Bible Series, 10 vols. Randolph, N. Y. Special works are cited in their appropriate places under Literature^ at the end of each section. fThe unstarred works should be in the hands of every one; those starred are very useful and important, and should be consulted if possible. 24 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. IV. CHRONOLOGICAL,* 12. PERIOD OF TIME COVERED BY THE BIBLE. 1 . The Old Testament describes peoples and events from 4.004. to 4.00 B. C. , or about 3,600 years. 2. The New Testament describes events from 4. B. C.- to 100 A. D. , or about 100 years. 3. Old Testament writings belong to a period fr cm 14.00 B. C.to 4.00 B. C.,or about i ,000 years. 4. New Testament writings belong to a period from about 50 to 100 A. D., or about 50 years. * The chronology of Archbishop Ussher is adopted here simply for the sake of convenience. See Appendix. 13. PERIODS OF OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY B. C. This division seems to be a perfectly natural one, and such as will commend itself to the student, i. Ante-diluvian, 4004-2348. Creation to the Deluge, ii. Post-diluvian, 2348-1921. Deluge to the call of Abraham, iii. Patriarchal, 1921-1706. Call of Abraham to the Descent into Egypt, iv. Bondage, 1706-1491. Descent into Egypt to the Exodus, v. Wanderings, 1491-1451. Exodus to Crossing of Jordan. vi. Conquest, 1451-1400. Crossing of Jordan to Appointment of Judges. INTRODUCTION. 25 vii. Judges ', 1400-1095. Appointment of Judges to establishment of Kingdom. viii. Kingdom, 1095-975. Establishment of King- dom to Division of Kingdom. ix. Dual Kingdom, 975-722. Division of King- dom to Fall of Samaria. x. Judah alone, 722-587. Fall of Samaria to Fall of Jerusalem. xi. Captivity Exile, 587-537. Fall of Jerusa- lem to Fall of Babylon. xii. Restoration, 536-445. Fall of Babylon to the close of the Old Testament. Remark. Spare no pains to fix these periods firmly in mind. They are absolutely essential to a firm grasp of the outlines of Old Testament History. OF THE OUTLINES AND LITERATURE FIRST PERIOD. ANTE-DILUVIAN. CREATION TO DELUGE. B. C. 4004-2348. 14. THE CREATION GEN. I-II. 3. 1 . Analyze carefully by days Gen. i-ii. j. 2. Give the work and progress in each day. 3. Ancient legends of Creation: Geikie, vol. i. 3; Lenormant, chap. i. 4. Meaning of God as used here. 5. Seventh day : a. original significance; b. time indicated; c. relation to man's seventh day. 6. Genesis and Geology how far do they harmon- ize? Geikie, vol. i. 4; Guyot; Dana's Review of Guyot. 7. Age of the world: Geikie, vol. i. 6. 27 28 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 8. Object of Gen. i-ii. j: a. God is creator of all things; b. God prepared all things for man; c. God put man at the summit of creation; d. God pronounced him and all things "very good." 9. Beginnings in this section: a. solar system; b. all vegetable and animal life; c. man and woman; d. Sabbath. Remark. Learn carefully the work of each day, and note the threefold occurrence of "creation." Literature : Geikie, vol. i. chaps. 3-7. Blaikie, Manual, chap. i. sees. 2 and 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. i. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 2. Lenormant, Beginnings of History, chap. I. Guyot, Creation, and review of same by Prof. Dana in Bib. Sac., vol. xlii. pp. 201 224. "Creation" in Smith's Bib. Die. and McClintock & Strong's Encyc. Bibliotheca Sacra, vols. xii. p. 61 sq., 323 sq.; xiv, p. 75 sq.; xxiv. p. 434 sq. ; xxvii. p. 459 s q- Prof. Dana in Bib. Sac., vol. xiii. pp. 80-130, 631- 655; vol. xiv. pp. 388-413,461-525, 854-874. Prof. Dana in Old and New Test. Student, July and August, 1890. Miller, Hugh, Testimony of the Rocks, sees. 3 and 4. ANTE-DILUVIAN. 29 $15. EDEN GEN. II. 4-2$. 1. Analyze Gen. ii. 4-25. 2. Is this a second account of creation ? Lenormant chap. i. 3. Creation of man in distinction from that of an- imals : a. image of God; b. dominion on the earth; c. has breath of life, a living soul. 4. Traditions of man's creation: Geikie, vol. i. 8; Lenormant. 5. Antiquity of man: Geikie, vol. i. 9, 10. 6. Location of Eden Bible account. Other views: a. Armenia; c. Babylonia; e. near Damascus; d. North pole. 7. Occupation of Adam: a. body; b. mind; c. soul. 8. Adam and Eve woman: Geikie, vol. i. 7. 9. Object of this account: a. give more completely the relation of man to his maker; b. the rela- tion of man to the animal world; c. the rela- tions of man and woman, Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chaps. 8-n. Blaikie, Manual, chap. I, sees. 4 and 5. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. I.' Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 3. Lenormant, Beginnings, chap. 2. Delitzsch, Wo lag das Paradies? Leipzig, 1881. Engel, M., Loesung der Paradieses Frage, Leipzig, 1885. 30 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Warren, W. F., Paradise Found: the Cradle of the Human Race at the North Pole. Bos- ton, 1885. Brown, Francis, Old and New Test. Student. Sept., 1884. Gibson, The Ages before Moses. N. Y., 1879. 1 6. THE TEMPTATION AND THE FALL GEN. III. 1. Analysis of Gen. Hi: a. serpent through the tree of good and evil deceives Adam and Eve, vss. 1-6; b. awakening of shame, 7, 8; c, exam- ination of God, 9-13; d. judgment given, 14-19; e. Eve named; f. the two clothed; g. expulsion from the garden. 2. . The serpent (symbolism in O. and N. T., 2 Cor. xi. 3; Gen. xlix. 17; Rev. xii. 9; xx. 2): a. his plan; b. his success. 3. Sin of Adam and Eve, what was it? a. myth- ical interpretation; b. allegorical interpreta- tion; c. historical interpretation. 4. Punishment, what kind of death was it? 5. Immediate punishment: #. serpent cursed; b. Eve sorrow in childbirth and subjection to her husband; c. Adam hard work, return to dust. 6. Traditions of this sin among other nations: Le- normant, chap. 3, 7. Deliverance in the distant future, Hi. 1 5 : from the seed of a woman shall the bruiser arise. ANTE-DILUVIAN. 31 8. Cherubim in the Old Testament symbolism: Ex. xxv. i7-22;Ps.lxxx.i ;Ezek. xxviii. 14; ix. 3; x. 1 8. 9. Flaming sword symbolism: Isa. xxxiv. 5 ; Jer. xlvi. 10; Zeph. ii. 12. 10. Beginnings in chap. Hi: a. disobedience, sin; b, enmity; c. cursing; d. sorrow; e, toil;/, phys- ical death; g. clothing; h. promise of a re- deemer. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. n. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. I. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 4 and 5. Lenormant, Beginnings, chap. 3. Expositor's Bible, Genesis, chap. ii. Genesis of Sin, Princeton Review, July, '80. Edenic Period of Man, " " First Sin, Contemp. Review, September, '79. Art. Sin, Diets, and Encycs. 17. CAIN AND HIS DESCENDANTS GEN. IV. 1. Analyze Gen. iv. 2. Compare the offerings of Cain and Abel. 3. Cain's wrath and murder of Abel: a. counte- ance fallen; b. rebuked by Jehovah; c. slays Abel. 4. Significance in history (cf. Gen. ix. 5; Job xvi. 18; Isa.xxvi. 21): a. culmination of Eve's dis- obedience, of Cain's formalism, jealousy and 32 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. wrath; b. first murder mutilation of God's creature. 5. Punishment of Cain: a. denial of any know- ledge of Abel; b. cursed by Jehovah; c. fugi- tive and vagabond in the earth; d. sign set on him to save his life; e. sin at the door (cf. Prov. ix. 14; xxviii. 17). 6. Traditions of similar murder among other peo- ples. See Lenormant. 7. Lamech and the origin of the arts: a. nomads and shepherds; b. musical instruments; c. cutting instruments (of war and agriculture). 8. Lamech J s song: a. earliest specimen of Hebrew ^ poetry; b. first case of polygamy; c. intima- tions of violence in the land. 9. Birth of Seth: cf. Cain's descendants with those of Seth in Gen. v. , 10. Beginnings in Chapter iv: a. sacrifice-offering; b. murder; c. city; d. arts; e. poetry;/, poly g- amy; calling upon God. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 12. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 2. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 6. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 4. Lenormant, Beginnings, chaps. 4 and 5. Expositor's Bible, Genesis. Articles, Cain, Abel and Lamech in Smith's Bible Dictionary. ANTE-DILUVIAN. 33 18. SETH AND HIS DESCENDANTS GEN. V. 1. Analyse Gen. v. 2. Compare carefully the descendants of Cain and Seth. See Lenormant, iv. 3. Similar genealogies among other peoples. See Lenormant. 4. Variations in the periods of time between Adam and the Deluge: a. Hebrew 1656 years; b. Samaritan 1307 years; c. Septuagint 2242 years; d. explanations of these differences. 5 . Longevity of the antediluvians: a. between Adam and Noah men lived 200-600 years (Gen. xi. 10-32); b. Mosaic and patriarchal times, TOO 200 years (Gen. xx. 7; xxxv. 28; xlvii. 28); e. later O. T, times, 70-80 years. 6. Various interpretations of these facts. 7. Translation of Enoch (cf. Isa. xvii. 14; Ps. ciii. 1 6); cf. Apocryphal Book of Enoch. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i, chap. 12. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 2, sec. i. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 3 and 4. Humphrey, Sacred Hist., chaps. 6 and 7. Lenormant, Beginnings, chap. 6. The Book of Enoch, translation by Schodde. Articles Chronology, Enoch, in Smith's Bib. Diet. Antediluvians, Longevity, Patriarch, in McClintock & Strong's Encyc. SECOND PERIOD. POST-DILUVIAN. DELUGE TO CALL OF ABRAHAM. B,C. 2348-1921. IQ. THE DELUGE GEN. VII -VIII. 14. 1. Cause wickedness in the earth: a. "Sons of God and daughters of men," three views, (i) sons of princes and daughters of lower orders, (2) angels and mankind generally, (3) Sethites or godly men and Cainites; b. "My spirit shall not rule in man forever," 2 Peter ii. 5; c. repentance of God (cf. I Sam. xv. 29), grief or pain on account of sin. 2. Ark: a. dimensions; b. material; c. shape; d. possibility of containing all to be saved. 3. Time of entering and contents. 4. Beginning and duration of deluge: 40 day 3,150 days, 360 days. 5. Universality of deluge arguments pro and con: consider that the earth was (i )Palestine alone, Joel i. 2; Ps. xliv. 3; (2) a small district about a town, Josh. viii. i; (3) indefinite, "every nation under heaven, " Acts ii. 5 ; (4)' 'through- out the whole [known] world," Rom. i. 8. 6. Object of the deluge: destruction of wicked men only. 34 POST-DILUVIAN. 35 7. Are there two Biblical accounts of the deluge? See Lenormant. 8. Babylonian account differs how from the Bible? 9. Other traditions: a. Indian; A Greek; c. Iran- ian; d. Cymrics; e. Scandinavian;/. Lith- uanian. Literature; Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chaps. 13 and 14. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 2, sees. I and 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 5 and 6. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 7 and 8. Lenormant, Beginnings, chaps. 7 and 8; and Appen- dix v. Articles, Deluge in Encyc. Brit.; Noah in Smith's Bib. Diet. Expositor's Bible, Genesis. Geikie, O. T. Characters, on Noah. 20. THE SECOND BEGINNING GEN. VIII. 15 IX. 1. Events immediately upon landing: a. first altar; b. sacrifice; c. divine promise; d. blessing; e. command to multiply. 2. All living things put under man's surveillance: a. to command; b. to use for food. 3. Capital punishment established, blood for blood. 4. Covenant on God's part: a. not to cut off all life again with a flood; b. not to bring another flood upon the earth. 5. Noah's shame and prophecy. 36 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 6. Canaan's curse (cf. I Kings ix. 20-21.) 7. Skew's future. 8. Japkettis part in S kern's God. 9. Beginnings in+tkis section: a. new race; b. altar; b. bloody sacrifice; c. capital punishment; d. flesh for food; /. promise by nature bow in the cloud; g. drunkenness; k, prediction by man. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 15. Blaikie, Manual, chap. ii. sec. 4. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 6. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 9. Briggs Messianic Prophecy. Orelli, Old Testament Prophecy. Expositor's Bible, Genesis, chap. 6. Geikie, O. T. Characters, on Noah. Denio, F. B. The Rainbow in Genesis, Old and New Test. Student, May 1890. 21. THE TABLE OF NATIONS GEN. X. The most complete and exact table known. 1. Does it speak of individuals or of nations? a. sons^tribe; b. used here in pi. ; c. single names used as nations in Bible, in Ezek. xxvii. 7-15; xxxviii. 2-6. 2. Is it geographical or ethnographical? . 3. Locate and identify the sons of Japhetk: a. Ar- menia; b. Asia Minor; c. Greece in Europe. POST-DILUVIAN. 37 4. Locate and identify the sons of Ham: a.* Cush, S. Babylonia, Arabian peninsula south, upper Nile; b. Mizraim, N. Egypt, coast of Medi- terranean Sea; c. Put Punt, modern prov- ince of Hejaz; d. Canaan, E. coast of Med- iterranean in Asia, Phoenicians, Canaanites, Hittites, etc. 5. Locate and identify the sons of Shem: a, Elam =highland. with capital at Shushan ; b. As- shur, Assyria, cf. vs. u; c. Arpachshad, between Lakes Van and Urumiyeh, settled in upper Babylonia and Mesopotamia, ances- tors of Hebrews; d. Lud, Lydia.is in Asia Minor; e. Aram, Harran, Hamath, N. Mes- opotamia to Upper Syria, later a general term for Armenia, Taurus, Lebanon, N. Palestine. Arabian Desert on S. and Euphrates and Tigris on the East. 6. Source and directions of early migrations: From Central Asia, E., W. and S. 7. Scientific evidences of racial affinity: a. language ; b. physiognomy; c. physiology; d. psych- ology; e. religious nature. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 16. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 3, sec. I. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 8. *NoTE Nimrod, first founder of a mighty empire. (Hunter Assyrian kings hunted their enemies cf. Mic. v. 6.) a. A Cushite; b. settled in Shinar; c. extended his empire northwards. 38 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 10 and 12. Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 23-27. Smith, O. T. History, chap. v. Schrader, E., Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament, pp. 61-103. Thomson's Land and Book. Also Dictionaries and Encyclopedias under the var- ious names. Commentaries on Genesis x. 22. THE TOWER OF BABEL AND THE DISPERSION GEN. XI. 1-9. 1. Analyze the Biblical account. 2. Locate the event: a. Shinar; b. where bricks were used for stone; c. Babylonia. 3. Purpose of the toiver: a. safety against another deluge; b. national headquarters; c. idola- trous centre. 4. God's means of frustrating their purpose: a. lightning; b. confusion disease of the mouth(?); c. scattering. 5. What was t/ie sin of the tower-builders? 6. Traditions among other peoples: Egypt, Baby- lon, Greece. 7. Relation of Babel to "Birs Nimroud : " See Rawlinson. 8. Were all languages originally one? 9. Was the origin of different languages due to a miracle? POST-DILUVIAN. 39 Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 17. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 3, sec. 12. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 8. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. n. Schrader, Cun. Inscrip. and O. T., pp, 103-114. Smith, O. T. History, chap. 5. Kurtz, Hist, of Old Covenant, pp. 108-122. Rawlinson, Ancient Monarchies, vol. i. p. 21, for Birs Nimroud Tongues, Confusion of, in Smith's Bib. Dictionary. THIRD PERIOD. PATRIARCHAL. CALL OF ABRAHAM TO DESCENT INTO EGYPT. B. C. 1921-1706. 23. ABRAHAM'S CALL AND WANDERINGS GEN. XL 10 xin. 1 8. 1. Descendant of Shem xi. 10-26. 2. First remove, from Ur of Chaldees xi. 27-32: a. location; b. population; .c. associates; d. religion, Josh. xxiv. 2, 14. 3. Second remove, from Haran xii. 1-4: a. loca- tion; b. associates; c. promise of God. 4. First journey through Canaan xii. 5~9 : a builds altar in Shechem, promise to Abraham's seed; b. Bethel, an altar built, calls on the name of Jehovah; c. South country. 5. Sojourning in Egypt xii. 10-20: a. famine drives him thence; b. deception of Pharaoh; c. plagues on Pharaoh; d. Abraham treated kindly why? 6. Return to Canaan xiii. 1-4: a. companions and wealth; b. South country; c. Bethel, old altar, calls of Jehovah. 7. Separation of Abraham and Lot xiii.5 sq.tf.great- ness of herds; b. strife of herdsmen; c. Lot 40 PATRIARCHAL. 41 takes circle of Jordan; d, Abraham takes Ca- naan (probably the hill-country);*?, promise repeated to Abraham; f. Abraham removes to Oaks of Mamre, builds an altar there. 8. Contemporaneous history: a. Ur of Chaldees; b. at Haran; c. in Canaan; d. in Egypt. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. 18, 19, 20, 21. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. I. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. lOand 1 1. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 13-15. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees, i and 2. Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 33-35. Tomkins, Times of Abraham. Mozley, Lectures on O. T., Lee. I. Deane, W. J., Life and Times of Abraham, Men of Bible series. Geikie, O. T. Characters, Abraham. Each name in Bib. Diet, and Encycs. ABRAHAM'S SETTLED LIFE IN CANAAN GEN. XIV XXIII. Invasion by the kings of the East xiv. 1-17:0. subdued territory; b. years of subjection and revolt; c. territory invaded; d. disaster to the cities of the plain; e. Abraham's pursuit and victory. Melchizedek xiv. 18-20 : a. office; b. blessing upon Abraham; c. tithe observed (origin?); d. who was Melchizedek? cf. Heb. vii. i-n. 42 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Abraham's vision xv: a. seed to be as stars of heaven; b. believed Jehovah righteous- ness, vs. 6; c. sacrifice and vision, seed in bondage 400 years; d. to possess from river of Egypt to the great river. 4. Story of Hagar xvi: a. Egyptian hand-maid; b. flees to the wilderness; c. first mention of the Angel of Jehovah promise to Hagar; d. return and birth of Ishmael. 5 . Renewed promise and rite of circumcision xvii xviii. 15: a. great seed and possession of Ca- naan; b. rite of circumcision established in Israel, (found among other peoples?); c. ap- pearance of three angels, their errand. 6. Fate of Sodom xviii. 16 xix. 38: #. announced by three angels; b. Abraham's plea; c. two angelic guests of Lot; d. Sodomites charge on his house, blindness; e. early escape of Lot and family; /. fate of Lot's wife; g. city destroyed by fire and brimstone (explain); h. Lot's incestuous posterity. 7. Abraham and Abimelech xx xxi. 21 : a. Abra- ham deceives Abimelech; b. Abimelech 's vision; c. kind treatment of Abraham; d. birth of Isaac; e. expulsion of Hagar and Ishmael; f. distress of Hagar; g. covenant between Abraham and Abimelech; h. origin of Beer-sheba. PATRIARCHAL. 43 8. Sacrifice of Isaac xxii: a. to prove Abraham; b. journey; c. locality (Moriah); d. tragedy averted by substitute; e. promise renewed. NOTE Human sacrifices, prevalence in Old Test, times; cf. Sunday School Times, Feb. 19, 1887; Mozley, Lee. 3; Kalisch. Com. on Lev. i. pp. 323-396. 9. Death and burial of Sarah xxiii: a. aged 127 years; b. Abraham bought the cave of Mac- pelah from aHittite; c. Sarah buried therein. 10. Character of Abraham: a. faithful to God and man; b. skilled in business; c. self-possessed and generous; d. exemplary patriarch in every way. 11. Contemporaneous History: a. In the East; b. Hittites; c. Philistines. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 22. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. I. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 12-14. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 16-21. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. I and 2 in part. Cun. Inscrip. and Old Test., pp. 120-123. Mozley, Lectures on Old Test, Lees. 2 and 3. Meyer, F. B., Abraham; or the Obedience of Faith, Revell, Chicago, 1890. 25. CAREER OF ISAAC GEN. XXIV XXVIII. 9; xxxv. 28. I. Finding of Rebekali xxiv: a. oath of the ser- vant; b. journey to Mesopotamia; c. kin of 44 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Nahor, Abraham's brother; d. return with Rebekah; she meets Isaac. 2. Last days of Abraham xxv. i-i I : a. another wife and posterity; B. death and burial in Macpelah. 3. Isaac's sons, Jacob and Esau xxv. 12-34; xxvi. 34, 35: a. character of the boys; b. birthright of Esau sold to Jacob; c. Esau's wives Hittites. 4. Isaac in Gerar xxvi: a. famine in Canaan; B. Jehovah's promise, warned against Egypt; c. deceives men of Gerar; d. strife over the wells at Gerar; e.. oath and peace. 5. Isaac's blessing stolen by Jacob xxvii: a. Isaac's request for venison,; b. Rebekah's intrigue for Jacob; c. Jacob's success and blessing; d. Esau's grief; e. Jacob sent to Paddan- aram for a wife. 6. Isaac's death and burial xxxv. 28, 29: a. after Jacob's return; b. buried by both Jacob and Esau. 7. Isaac's character: a. faith in God; b. retiring; c. not forceful; d. submissive, peaceful. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 23. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 15 and 16. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 22 and 23. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 2, last part. PATRIARCHAL. 45 Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Isaac and Ishmael. Dods, Isaac, Jacob and Joseph, London, 1887. 26. THE WANDERINGS OF JACOB TO THE STORY OF JOSEPH GEN. XXVIII. IO XXXV. 2/. 1. Flight to Haran xxviii. 10-22: a. vision at Bethel; b. pillar set up; c. vow to Jehovah . tithe. 2. Sojourn with Lab an, his uncle^-xxix. I xxxi. 16: a. shepherd; b. service for Rachel and Leah; c. Laban's deceit; d. Jacob's children, (xxxv. 23-26); e. Jacob's shrewdness in caring for the flock; /. his wealth. 3. Jacob's flight from Lab an xxxi. 17-55: tf. un- awares, he leaves with his all; b. pursuit by Laban; c. Jacob overtaken in Gilead; d. vain search for the teraphim; e. "heap of wit- ness" set up; /. peaceful separation. 4. Esau ahead xxxii xxxiii. 17 : a. messengers to Esau; b. their return, report, and prayer of Jacob; c. present sent to Esau; < division of families and flocks; e. wrestling with the angel at Penuel and Jacob named Israel; f. joyful meeting with Esau; g. Esau receives presents and returns in peace. NOTE Esau's posterity is given in chap, xxxvi. 5. Jacob at Shechem xxxiii. 18 xxxiv. 31: a. bought ground; b. built an altar; c.. Dinah disgraced; d. design of Jacob's sons, and despoiling of Shechem. 46 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 6. Jacob at Bethel xxxv. 1-20: a. all strange gods to be put away; b. Bethel reached; c. De- borah dies; d. renewed promise; -e. birth of Benjamin and death of Rachel on way to Ephrath. 7. Characteristics of Jacob and Esau. 8. Contrast the characters of Abraham and Jacob, 9. Give outline of Jacob's journey ings. . Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 23 and half of 24. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 16-18. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 24 and 25. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 3. Smith, O. T. History, chap. 8. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Jacob, Esau, Leah and Rachel, Judah. Meyer, F. B., Israel, a Prince with God, Revell, Chicago, 1890. Names in Bible Diets, and Encycs. 27. JACOB AND JOSEPH TO DESCENT INTO EGYPT GEN. XXXVII XLV. 1. Josephs sale to the Midianites xxxvii: a. age of Joseph; b. Joseph's two dreams; c. visit to his brethren; d. disposal of him, pit, sale; e. caravan routes. 2. JudaWs unfaithfulness xxxviii. 3 Joseph sold and imprisoned xxxix. xl: a. slave PATRIARCHAL. 47 of Potiphar; b. his favor; c. falsely charged and imprisoned; d t favor in prison; e. inter- prets dream of butler and baker fulfilled. 4. Josephs release and promotion, xli : a. inter- prets Pharaoh's dreams; b. becomes second officer in the kingdom; c. charge of crops, storehouses; d. marries daughter of an Egyp- tian priest; e. famine on hand. 5. Jacob's distress and appeal to Egypt, xlii xlv: a. ten sons go to Egypt for corn; b. rough reception and return; c. second trip with Benjamin: d. feast and favor at Joseph's hands; e. return hindered by intrigue; f. Judah's matchless plea; g. Joseph reveals himself; h. arrangements for transfer to to Egypt of Jacob's house. 6. Egypt before the Hebreiv sojourn: Geikie, vol. ii. 2: a. early history; b. religion; c. polit- ical relations. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 24. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. 4. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 19-2*. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 26. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 4 in part. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Joseph. Kellogg, A. H., Abraham, Moses and Joseph in Egypt. N. Y., 1887. FOURTH PERIOD. BONDAGE. DESCENT INTO EGYPT TO THE EXODUS. B. C. 1706-1491. 28. DESCENT AND SETTLEMENT IN EGYPT GEN. XL L. I. Journey to Egypt, xlvi: a. renewed promise; b. number who went down; c. meeting of Israel and Joseph. 2: Pharaoh's favor to Israel, xlvii xlviii: a. as- signed to Goshen; b. Joseph's authority; c. Israel's age; d. Joseph's sons blessed by Is- rael. 3. Egypt: Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 41,42: a. boundaries; b. extent; c. characteristics; d. history. 4. Land of Goshen, Geikie, vol. ii. chap. I : a. lo- cation; b. size; c. seasons; d. products. 5. Israel's prophecy in regard to his twelve sons, xlix. 1-27: characterize each son. 6. Israelis death, xlix. 28 1.13:0. command for burial; b. embalmed; c. caravan to Canaan; d. buried in Macpelah; e. fear of Joseph's brethren. 7. Josephs death, 1. 15-26 a. prophecy; b. death; c. embalming. 8. Character of Joseph. 48 THE BONDAGE. 49 Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 24 in part; vol. ii. chap. I. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 5, sec. i. Edersheim, Bib. History, vol. i. chap. 22 and 23; vol. ii. chap. I. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 27. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 4, i. Smith, Old Test History, chap. 10. Hurlbut, Man Bib. Geog., pp. 41 and 42. THE SOJOURN IN EGYPT EXODUS I-X. i . Reigning power in Egypt at this time: a. at descent x>f Jacob; b. after death of Joseph. 2. Religion of Egypt: a. nature worship; b. ex- tensive ritual; c. numerous priesthood. 3. Servitude of Israel, i. 8 ii. 10: a. beginning, due to what? b. what kinds of work? c. at- tempted suppression of increase; d. Moses' preservation, attempted deliverance and flight to Midian. 4. Moses 1 training, ii. ii -iv. 18: a. among the flocks of Jethro; b. bush of flaming fire; c. command of Jehovah for Israel; d. two signs to Moses of success; e. Aaron's help assured. 5. Moses' return and first appeal to Pharaoh, iv. 18 vii. 13: a. events on the way back; b. Moses and Aaron's vain appeal to Pharaoh; c. increase of the burdens bricks without straw; d. Jehovah's assurance of success; e. signs before Pharaoh rods, explain. 50 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 6. First nine plagues, vii. I4-X.2Q: A.(/) blood no effect; (2) frogs Pharaoh calls; (j) lice no effect; (^) flies Pharaoh calls; (5) murrain no effect; (6) boils no effect; (7) hail Pharaoh calls; (8) locusts Pharaoh calls; (p) darkness Pharaoh calls. B. Observe: a, Pharaoh calls for Moses and Aaron five times; b. Pharaoh's heart is hard (obstinate) in (i), (3) and (5); c. Pharaoh made hard his heart in (2), (4) and (7); d. Jehovah hardened his heart in (6), (8) and (9) only; e. concessions of Pharaoh after (4), (7), (8) and (9); /. natural explanations for these plagues? g. gods insulted by each plague? Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chaps. 3-5. Blaikie, Manual, chap. v. sees. 2 and 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. ii. chaps. 2-6. Humphrey, Sacred Hist., chaps. 28-31. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 4 in part. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 41, 42. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, Introduction. Rawlinson, Life and Times of Moses, Men of Bible Series. Harper, H. A., Bible and Modern Discoveries. Boston, 1889. Renouf, Religion of Egypt, London, 1879. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Pharaoh, Pharaoh's Daughter, Moses, Aaron. FIFTH PERIOD. WANDERINGS. EXODUS TO CROSSING THE JORDAN. B. C. 1491-1451. 30. THE EXODUS. EXODUS XI-XV, 21. 1. Preliminary to the tenth plague, xi: a. asking of Egyptians, why? b. threat told to Israel; c. result foretold. 2. Passover established, xii. 1-2 8,42-5 1>- xiii. i-io: a. times set first month of year, tenth day; b. preparation of lamb, on i4th day; c. dis- posal of the blood; d. purpose of same; e. manner of eating; /. exact time of eating; g. memorial to be observed; h. typical sig- nificance. 3. The tenth plague, xii. 29-36; a. at midnight; b. first-born of man and beast slain; c. call of Pharaoh for Moses and Aaron; ^.com- mand to Israel to leave; e. they start spoiling Egyptians. 4. The march to the sea, xii. 37 xiv. 14; a. as- sembling of hosts of Israel; b. journey from Rameses to Succoth 600,000 men, armed; c. sanctification of first-born; d. bones of Joseph with them; e. from Succoth to Etham ; /. fire and pillar of cloud ; g. before 51 52 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and fhe sea, before Baal Zephon; h. Pharaoh's pursuit > 600 chariots; i. Israel's cry to Jehovah. 5. The crossing, xiv. 15-31: a. assurance of de- liverance; b. pillar between the two camps; c. Moses' rod over the sea; d. all night wind drove back the waters; e. Israel passes over on dry land; /. fatal result to the Egyptians; g. Israel's strengthened belief in Jehovah. 6. The route or place of crossing (see Harper, Bible and Modern Disc.): a. not in N. as advo- cated formerly by Brugsch; b. not at present N. end of Red Sea; c. but probably at Lake Menzaleh; d. three days from Elim. 7. Moses' Song, xv. 1-2 1 : a. analyze it care- fully; b. chief thought; c. references to out- side peoples; 'd. purpose of the song. 8. Contemporaneous history: a. waning of Egypt's power; b. revolts of their foreign depend- encies; c. advantage to Israel of these things. 9. Effects of Bondage on Israel. See Blaikie, chap. v., sec. 5-. Geikie, Hours, vol. ii., chap. 6. Blaikie, Manual, chap, v., sees. 4 and 5. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. ii., chap. 7. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 32. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 5. Rawlinson, Life and Times of Moses. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Moses, Aaron, Miriam. WANDERINGS. 53 Harper, H. A., Bible and Modern Disc., pp. 77-177. Brugsch, H., The Route of the Exodus. And nu- merous articles in reviews and maga- zines. Ebers, George, Durch Gosen zum Sinai. Leipzig, 1872'. Birks, T. R., The Exodus of Israel. London, 1863. Hengstenberg, E. W., Egypt and the Books of Moses. Andover, 1843. 31. THE MARCH TO SINAI EX. XV. 22 XVIII. 27. 1. The wilderness: a. location, boundary, size; b. natural features; c. inhabitants, then and to- day. 2. Numbers, condition and spirit of Israel. 3. Halts at Mar ah and Elim, xv. 22-27. a - travel through Shur (wall); b. bitter water made sweet at Marah; c. covenant of Jehovah there; d. Elim. 4. /// the wilderness of Sin, xvi. 1-36; a. arrival on 1 5th day of 2d month; b. murmur of Israel against Moses; c. Jehovah's reply; d. quails in evening whence? e. manna in morning its character;/? regulations for gathering it. 5. In Rephidim, xvii. I xviii. 27: a. no water; b. strife of people with Moses; c. Horeb smit- ten water; d. Amalek defiant; e. Israel un- der Joshua victorious; /. fate of Amalek pro- nounced. 54 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 6. Jethro, xviii. 1-27: a. father-in-law to Moses; b. Jethro recognizes Jehovah as great; c. ad- vises division of labor; d. Moses follows ad- vice. 7. Ancient modes of travel. Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chaps. 7 and 8. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 6, sec. I. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. ii. chaps. 7 and 8. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 6. " Sinai and Palestine, Part I. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 40-45. Rawlinson, Moses his Life and Times. Bartlett, Forty Days in the Desert. Palmer, The Desert of the Exodus, 2 vols. Wilson, The Lands of the Bible, vol. i. Gage, Studies in Bible Lands. Wallace, The Desert and the Holy Land. DOINGS AT SINAI IN BOOK OF EXODUS XIX-XL. Site of Sinai, time of arrival, and distance from Egypt? xix. i, 2. First doings, xix. 3-25: a. Jehovah appears to Moses in mount; b. people covenant with Jehovah; c. Jehovah appears to Moses in mount second time; d. people sanctified by Moses; e. thunderings the third day; /. Jeho- vah appears to Moses third time in the mount; g. gives charge to the people. WANDERINGS. 55 3. Ten Commandments, xx. 2-17; a. spoken di- rectly to the people; b. analyze the command- ments; c. compare them with Deut. v. 6-21; d. fear of the people; e. Moses to be the mediator between Israel and Jehovah. 4.. Minor laws,y^\ xxiii. 13, 18-33. #. servants; b. manslaughter; c. stealing; d. unintentional acts; e. idolatry, etc., etc. 5. The feasts, xxiii. 14-17 ; Lev. xxii ; Num. xxviii-xxx: a. unleavened bread or passover time? b. first-fruits, or pentecost, or weeks, or wheat harvest time? c. ingatherings or tabernacles time? d. give significance of each. 6. Moses, xxiv: a. builds an altar; b. offers up offerings; c. forty days and nights in the mount, fourth ascent; d. leaves the people with Aaron and Hur. 7. Tent of meeting, Ex. xxv xxxi., xxxv xl: ( l) Tabernacle. I. Holy of Holies: a. ark; b. mercy seat; c. cherubim. II. Holy place: a. altar of incense; b. table and vessels; c. candlestick and vessels. III. Court: a. great altar; b. laver of brass. (2) Priests' gar- ments. (3) Oil of anointing. (4) dedication: a. time; b. services; c. cloud and glory. 8. Golden calf, xxxii: a. Moses' delay in the mount; b. Israel murmurs; c. calf made by Aaron; d. return of Moses; e. breaking of tables; f. anger of Jehovah; g. plea of Moses. 56 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 9. Glory of Jehovah appears to Moses, Ex. xxxiii xxxiv: a. intent; b. in cleft of rock ; c. Moses hews two tables of stone; d. ascends (5th time) the mount; e. numerous commands for Israel; f. face of Moses shines. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chaps. 9 and 10. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 6, sec. 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. ii. chaps. 10-13. Humphrey, Sacred History, chap. 23. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 7. Rawlinson, Moses his Life and Times. Harper, Bible and Modern Discoveries, on Site of Sinai. * Boardman, The Ten Commandments. Phila., 1889. Green, W. H., The Hebrew Feasts. Feasts in Bib. Diets, and Encycs. ^33. DOINGS AND LAWS GIVEN AT SINAI IN LEV. AND NUM. I IX. 1. Offerings, Lev. i x; Num. xvi : (i) Kinds: a. sin; b. burnt; c. meal; d. peace; e. guilt or trespass. (2) Significance: a. sin expia- tory; b. burnt self-dedicatory; c. meal and (d) peace thanksgiving; e. trespass expi- atory. Cf. Rom. iii. 25; I Cor. i. 30. 2. Foods prohibited and permitted, Lev. xi: (read only). 3. Laws of purification, Lev. xii xxii; Num. v. xfx. WANDERINGS. 57 4. Sabbatical and jubilee years, Lev. xxv: a. laws of work; b. laws of redemption; c. application to the stranger. 5 . Enumeration of Israel and order of encampment ', Num. i iv: a. number of Levites; b. work ofLevites; c. order of tribes in camp. 6. Nazarite vow, Num. vi: a. special prohibitions; b. special work; c. special significance; d. some of the greatest Nazarites in history. 7. Dedication of the altar, vii., viii: a. order of tribes followed; b. sum of offerings; c. cleans- ing of the Levites. 8. First passover observance, Num. ix: a. time; b. commands; c. accompaniments; d. trumpet commands. Literature: Edersheim, Bib. History, vol. ii. chaps. 14 and 15. Feasts, Passover Offering in Bib. Diets, and Encycs. 34. FROM SINAI TO THE ARNON NUM. X. II xxi. 13. 1 . Time of departure and order of March. 2. First halts, x. II xii:#. Taberah, or Kibrath -Hataavah; b. murmurings of Israel; c. fire from Jehovah; d. cry for flesh; e. seventy elders appointed; f. prophets in camp; g. surfeit of quails; /i. plague therefrom; /. in Hazeroth; /. Aaron and Miriam against Moses; k. Miriam's leprosy. 58 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Wilderness of Par an, xiii xiv: a. twelve spies sent out; b. extent of. their search; c. return and double report ^what was the sin of the spies? d. murmur of Israel will go back to Egypt; e. Jehovah will destroy Israel;/, plea of Moses; g. Israel's sentence to wander forty years; h. their anger set upon the Ca- naanites in vain. 4. Korali and his host, xvi: a. 250 princes against Moses and Aaron jealous ambition; b. Moses' test of his mission; c. earth swallows the host of Dathan and Abiram; d. fire from Jehovah on 250 burners of strange incense Korahites. 5. Priesthood of Levites established, xvii xviii; a. test of the rods; b. budding of Aaron's; c. charge of offerings put in Aaron's hands; d. tithe of Israel to Levi; e. Levi to give of his tithe a tithe. 6. Wilderness of Zin, xx. 1-13: a. death of Mir- iam; b. people murmur for water; c. rock smitten; d. Moses and Aaron punished for disobedience. Probably a blank of thirty-seven years between verses fj and 14. of chap. xx. Kadesh and Mt. Hor, xx. 14 xxi. 3: a. Edom's refusal to Israel's request; b. Aaron's death and successor; c. Canaanites destroyed by Israel. WANDERINGS. 59 8. Hor to Arnon, xxi. 4-15: a. Red Sea Ezion Geber; b. east of Mt. Seir; c. fiery ser- pents; d. serpent of brass use in New Test- ament; e. stations near Arnon; /. loca- tion of Arnon; g. Book of Wars of Jehovah. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chap. n. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 6, sec. 3 and 4. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. ii. chaps. 1 6-2 1. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 8, I. Smith, Old Test. Hist., chap. 13. Trumbull, Kadesh Barnea, V. Y., 1884. Price, Ira M., Lost writings quoted and referred to in the Old Testament, Bibliotheca Sa- cra, April, 1889. 35. CONQUESTS EAST OF THE JORDAN NUM. xxi. 13 xxxvi. 13. 1. Victory over Si/ion, king of the Amor it es, xxi. 21-32: a. request of Sihon; b. Sihon's refusal and charge; c. Israel's victory; d. Heshbon; e. ancient poems in verses 27-30. 2. Victory over Og, king of Bashan, xxi. 33-35: a. country of Bashan; b. people; c. capital; d. Israel's victory. 3. Story of Balaam, xxii: (i). Bamoth Baal: a. seven altars; b. offerings; c. parable; d. analyze. (2). Pisgah: a. altars; b. offerings: c. parable; d. analyze. (3). Peor: a. altars; 60 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. b. offerings; c. parable; d. analyze. (4). Spirit of Jehovah upon him: a. prophetic vision of future events. NOTE a. the advance in the thought of the four poems; b. character of Balaam as depicted in the Bible; c. explain this phe- nomenon. 5. Sin of Israel with Moab, xxv: a. alliances with Baal Peor; b. plague on Israel; c. Eleazar's means of staying the same. 6. Sum of Israel, xxvi: a. 601,730 and 23,000 Levites, cf. with Num. i iv. 7 . Inheritance of the daughters of Manasseh , xxv i i . xxxvi: a. among their brethren; b. general law of inheritance. 8. Israel's vengeance on the Moabites and Midian- ites t xxxi: a. number of soldiers; b, accom- paniments; c. victory and slain Balaam; d. booty $146,730 in gold. 9. Allotments to Reuben, Gad and half -tribe of Manasseh, xxxii: a. requests of these three; b. conditions of granting their request; c. size and boundaries of east of the Jordan. 10. Cities of Refuge^ xxxv : a. reason for such; b. their number; c. location; d. inhabitants; e. laws regulating their use. Literature; Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chap. 12. Blaikie, chap. 6, sees. 5 and 6. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps. 1-3. WANDERINGS. 61 Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 8 and 9. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 47,48. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, chaps. 7 and 8. Merrill, East of the Jordan, N. Y., 1883. Thomson, Land and Book, vol. iii. chaps. 1218. Tristram, Land of Moab, N. Y., 1873. Porter, Giant Cities of Bashan, N. Y., 1873. Schumacher, Across the Jordan, London, 1886. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Balaam. Hengstenberg on Balaam, in Com. on Daniel. Wilberforce, Heroes of Hebrew History. Each proper name in Bib. Diets, and Encycs. 36. FINAL REVIEW AND DEATH OF MOSES DEUTERONOMY. 1. Review bf past forty years, i iii: a. wilderness and Kadesh; b. journey to Arnon and victory over Amorites; c. Og smitten, and Joshua made successor to Moses. 2. ExJiortations, iv. 1-40. 3. Cities of refuge east of Jordan, iv. 41-43! 4. The ten commandments, w. commentary thereon, iv. 44 xxvi. 19: a. circumstances of delivery; b. ten commandments; c. commentary on them, v. 22 xii. 3; d. laws of religion in general, xii. 4 xvi. 17; e. laws regulating government, xvi. 18 xxi. 23;/. laws regulat- ing private and social life, xxii xxvi; g. cf. Ex. xxi xxiii. 62 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. The blessing and the curse, xxvii xxx: a. at Ebal and Gerizim. 6. Law in the hands of the Levites, xxxi: a to preserve; b. to read to the people once in seven years. 7. Song of Moses, xxxii: a. analyze it; b. its char- acter; c. its purpose. 8. Blessings upon twelve tribes, xxxiii: a. descrip- tion or prophecy? b. compare tribe for tribe with Gen. xlix; c. do these words accord with Israel's subsequent history ? 9. Moses 1 ascent to Pisgah and his death, xxxiv : a view of the promised land ; b. death ; c. burial where? d. successor; e. Israel's camp, where? Literature: Additional to ^35. Blaikie, Manual, chap. vi. sees. / and 8. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chap. 4. Deuteronomy in Smith Bib. Diet. Pisgah " " " Tristram's Land of Moab. SIXTH PERIOD. CONQUEST. ENTRANCE INTO CANAAN TO THE JUDGES, B. C. 1451-1400. 37. THE ENTRANCE INTO CANAAN JOSH. I-IX. 1. Canaan, size, boundary, contour : see 2 and 3. 2. Inhabitants of Canaan: a. in lowlands and high- lands; b. religion; c. nationality; d. warlike- ness. 3. Joshua : I. a. early life; b. spy; c. warrior; d. devoted to Jehovah; e. Ephraimite. II. a. word of Jehovah to Joshua; b. word of Joshua to people; c. role of the two and a half tribes in the conquest. 4. Spies despatched to Jericho: a. purpose; b. con- dition of people of Jericho ; c. Rahab; d. success of the spies. 5. Crossing^ iii-iv; Ps. cxiv: a. three days for sanc- tification; b. order of crossing; c. twelve stones carried out; d. time roth day of first month. 6. Encampment in Canaan, v: a. Gilgal, Hos. iv. 15; Judg. iii. 19, 26; b. rite of circumcision renewed, cf. Gen. xvii. 10-14; c. passover observed; d. manna ceased, second day after passover; e. vision of Joshua. 63 64 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 7. Destruction of Jericho, vi; Ps. xliv. 1-3: a. or- der of compassing the city; b. time and re- sult on seventh day; c. Rahab saved, Matt, i. 5; Heb. xi. 31; Jas. ii. 25; d. curse on re- builder of Jericho, cf. I Kings xvi. 34. 8. Overthrow of At, vii viii. -29: a. first attack re- pulsed; b. Achan's sin and punishment; c. casting lot what was it? d. Ai destroyed. 9. First altar of Israel in Canaan, viii. 30-35: a. of unhewn stone; b. according to the law of Moses; c. burnt and peace offerings; d. in Ebal; e. laws all read. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chap. 13. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 7, sees. I and 2 Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps. 5-8. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. TO. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 51-54- Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 16. Thomson, Land and Book, vol. iii. Deane, B., Joshua, his Life and Times Men of the Bible Series. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Joshua. Joshua in Bible Diet, and Encycs. 38. THE SOUTHERN CAMPAIGN JOSHUA IX X. 1. Terror among the nations, ix. I, 2. 2. Gibeons deceit and success, ix. 3-27: a. ambas- sador from far-off country mention only CONQUEST. 65 wars east of Jordan; b. Joshua's compassion and treaty; c. consequences to Gibeon; d. results to Israel (cf. 2 Sam. xxi. i-n). 3. Conspiracy against Gibeon, x. i 5- # five kings combine; b. besiege the fortress of Gibeon. 4. Great battle at Gibeon, x. 6 14: a. Gibeonites call to Joshua; b. Israel's night march; c. onset at daybreak with the shout, "God is mighty in battle, God is his name;" d. defeat and pursuit to Beth-horon; e. hail- stones (cf. Judg. iv. 1 5 and v. 21; I Sam. vii. 10) and victory. 5. Joshuas prayer, x. 12, 13: a. sun standing still explanations (cf. Stanley, p. 221 sq. ; Jo- sephus v. i, 4); b. book of Jashar (cf. 2 Sam. i. 18-27); c. consider that (i) it is poetry (cf. Judg. v. 20 ; Ps. xcviii. 8 ; xcvii. 5 ; Isa. Iv. 12), (2) it is a quotation, (3) the doctrine of inspir- ation demands only that we have an accurate text of the passage quoted, cf. also Geikie, vol. ii. p. 417, 6. Slaughter of the five kings, x. 16-27: a. hidden and caught in a cave; b. brought forth and trodden upon; c. slain and hanged till eve- ning (cf. Deut. xxi. 23); d. buried in the cave. 8. Further conquests, x. 28-43: a. Makkedah; b. Libnah; c. Lachish; d. Eglon ; e. Hebron; /. South Country; g. Kadesh Barnea to Gaza; i. return to Gilgal. 66 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 8. Cities and kings destroyed, xii. 9-18. Literature: Additional to ^37. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps. 9 and 10. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. n. Price, Lost Writings, etc., Bib. Sacra, April '89, on Book of Jashar. THE NORTHERN CAMPAIGN JOSH. XI. 1. The Northern combination,... 1-5: a. leader; b. composition of the army; c. camp, where? d. first mention of Merom; e. peoples and lands represented. 2. Jehovah's command and assurance to Joshua, xi. 6. 3. Israel's attack and victory, xi. 7 15* # sudden attack; b. surprise and rout of the enemy; c. destruction of horses (first use mentioned) and chariots; d. cities and spoil saved, except Hazor, but people all destroyed. 4. Summary of Josliuas conquests, xi. 16-23: a. all he met he destroyed, except the Gibeon- ites; b. it was of Jehovah; c. Anakim, near Hebron, destroyed. 5. Summary of kings slain, xii. 19-24. 6. The extermination of the Canaanites: a. Canaan belonged to Jehovah to do as he chose there- with; b. providential history proceeds with seeming indifference to life floods,pestilence, WANDERINGS. 67 famine, etc.; c. it was in accordance with an explicit command of Jehovah (cf. Deut. vit. 1-5) that they should have been destroyed; d. Arnold, in Sermons vi. 35-37 says: "The Israelites' sword, in its bloodiest executions, wrought a work of mercy to all the countries of the earth to the very end of the world." Literattire: Addional to 37 and 38. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 12. On Extermination of the Canaanites consult the following: Northrup, Dr. G. W., "The Standard," April 21, 1881. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. n, pp. 223-8. Hengstenberg, Genuineness of the Pentateuch, vol. ii. pp. 387-417. North American Review, 1882. Oehler, Old Testament Theology (Day's Trans.), pp. 81-85. Mozley, Lectures on Old Testament, Lee. 4. SETTLEMENT OF THE TRIBES JOSH. XIII XXII. I East of the Jordan, xiii; Num. xxxii. 1-38: a. Reuben; b. Gad; c. half-tribe of Manasseh. 2. Levites and Caleb, xiv., xxi: a. Levites in cities 48 and suburbs; b. in cities of refuge (See 35, 10); c. distribution and number west of Jordan; d. Caleb's inheritance. 68 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Judah, xv: a. boundaries; b. number of cities possessed; c. character of territory ; d. chief city Hebron. 4. Ephraim, xvi: a. location and boundaries; b. con- tour of country; c. chief cities Shiloh and Shechem. 5. Manasstk, xvii: a. adjacent to Ephraim; b. boundaries; c. chief city Samaria. 6. Tent of meeting located, (xviii. i-io) and twenty one surveyors sent out: a. Shiloh, religious headquarters; b. seven tribes to be provided for. 7. Benjamin, xviii. 1128: a. boundaries; b. cities by number; c. chief city Jerusalem. 8. Simeon, xix. 1-9: a. boundaries; b. number of cities, 9. Zebulon, xix. 10-16: a. boundaries no water- lines; b. number of cities. 10. Issachar, xix. 17-23: a. location; b. boundary; c. cities. n. Asher, xix. 24-31: a. amount of sea coast; b. boundary to east; c. cities. 12. Naphtali, xix. 32-39: a. sources of Jordan; b. bound otherwise; c. cities and villages. 13. Dan, xix. 40-48: a. exact boundaries; b. size; c. character of the country. 14. Departure of East-Jordanic tribes, xxii: a. Joshua's charge; b. altar built at Jordan; c. suspicions and wrath of West-Jordanic tribes; d. interview results in peace. CONQUEST. 69 15. Draw a tribal map of Palestine, indicating for each tribe: a. boundaries; b. chief cities; c. principal mountain points. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. latter part of chap. 13. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 7, sec. 3. .Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps, n and 12. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 12. Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 55-59. Osborn's Map of Palestine. Joshua, His Life and Times, Men of Bible Series. JOSHUAS DEPARTURE AND CONDITION OF THE LAND. JOSHUA XXIII XXIV. 1. Joshua 1 s parting words, xxiii: a. allotment of nations to Israel; b. observe the law of Moses; c. courage and victory consequent on obedi- ence; d. alliance with these peoples is de- struction; e. God's promises to me are ful- filled; /. if you forsake God, destruction will follow. 2. Joshua's historic review and covenant, xxi v. 2-28 : a. outline history from Abraham to present; b. call to put away other gods; c. people re- solve to serve Jehovah; 'd. Joshua's denial and covenant; e. stone set up as a witness. 3. Joshua s death, xxiv.. 29-30; Judg ii. 6-10: a. no years old; b. buried in Timnath-Serah in Ephraim. 70 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 4. Burial of Josephs bones, xxiv. 32: a. brought from Egypt; b. buried in Shechem; c. other sacred associations at Shechem. 5. Tribes all settled: a. east of Jordan which ones? b. west of Jordan which? c. location of each tribe. 6. Remains of nnconquered peoples, Judg. i: a.. fortresses in which tribes? b. towns; c. mi- grations according to tradition. 7. Some results of the conquest: a. settlement of Israel as a nation; b. living and constant contact with the Canaanites; c. establishment of laws of inheritance, etc., cf. Boaz, Ruth, Barzillai and Naboth. Literature: Additional to 40 : Blaikie, Manual, chap. 7, sec. 4. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chap. 12. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Joshua. SUPPLEMENTARY TO THE CONQUEST. JUDG. I., XVII XXI. 1. Conquests of Judah, Simeon and Joseph, i: a. against Adoni-bezek; b. Jerusalem; c. Ca- naanites; d. Bethel. 2. Danite migration, xvii., xviii: a. Micah; b. kind of idolatry rife; c. the Levite; d. his employer; e. Danite spies; f. result of their trip; g. advance of the army and robbery of Micah; h. new territory acquired, and jts boundaries Laish, Dan. CONQUEST. 71 3. Civil war, xix xxi: a. cause (cf. I Sam. xi. 7), revealing corruptness of Israel; b. national indignation ; c. assembly at Mizpeh ; d. 400,- ooo men against Benjamin; e. repulses of Israel; /. defeat of Benjamin and reduction to 600; g. means of finding wives for these. 4. Israel's tendency to idolatry in Judges due to: a. ease in quiet homes; b. language common with the Canaanites; c. intermarriage with Canaanites; d. want of a leader no central power; e. lack of defenses no army organi- zation. 5. Ancient seats of worship: a. Mt. Carmel; b. Mt. Tabor; c. Baal-gad; d. Bethel. 6. Seats of worship at this time (cf. Zech. x. 2; Hos. iii. 4; 2 Kings xxiii. 24; I Sam. xix. 16): a. in every home; b. with teraphim, etc.; c. attended by a priest; d. in imitation of the Canaanites. Literature: . , Blaikie, Manual, chap. 8, sees. 2 and 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps. 13 and 21. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 13, sees. I, 4-6. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., p. 61. SEVENTH PERIOD. JUDGES. RULE OF JUDGES TO ESTAB- LISHMENT OF KINGDOM. B. C. 1400 1095. SEVEN OPPRESSIONS AND FIFTEEN JUDGES. FIRST THREE OPPRESSIONS AND THREE JUDGES. JUDGES II. II III. 31. 1. Introduction to this Period, ii. 11 iii. 6: a. Is- rael did evil served other gods; b. anger of Jehovah against Israel; c. purpose of Jeho- vah in leaving unconquered peoples in the land, iii. 1-6. 2. Mesopotamia** invasion, iii. 7-11: a. home of oppressors; b. king of oppressors; c. length of time of oppression; d. deliverers; c. peace for 40 years. Otkniel, first judge, of Judah. 3. Moabite oppression^ iii. 12-30: a. Moab, with Ammon and Amalek, smite Israel and take Jericho; b. separate homes of these peoples; c. king of Moab; d. years of oppression; e. Ehud, of Benjamin, slew Eglon; f. slaughter at Jordan how great? g. land had rest 80 years. 72 JUDGES. 73 Ehud, second judge, of Benjamin. 4. First Philistine oppression, iii. 31. Shamgar, third judge, deliverer. Review: Give of the three oppressions: a. op- pressor; b. length of oppression; c. deliverers; d. time of rest. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chap. 14 and part of 15. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 8, sec. !. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chap. 14. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 14 in part. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 61, 62. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 8, Expositor's Bible, Judges and Ruth. CANAANITE AND MIDIANITE OPPRESSIONS. JUDGES IV VIII. I. Canaanite oppression, iv: a. oppressors na- tives of the land; b. 20 years oppression; c. army of 900 chariots of iron; d. Deborah, of Ephraim, arouses Barak, of Naphtali; e. Is- sachar, Zebulon and Naphtali at Tabor meet and rout the host of Sisera;^/. storm aids; g. Jael's murder of Sisera; //. "God subdued Jabin, the king of Canaan;" i. land had rest 40 years;/, similar battles in history, (i) Cressy, (2) Timoleon against the Carthagin- ians. 74 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Deborah^ fourth judge, of Ephraim. 2. Deborahs song, v: analyze, noting a. the pre- lude; b. reference to exodus; c. dismay of Is- rael; d. change; ^.assembling of troops;/, rec- reants who did not appear ;-. battle and flight; h. destroyer; i. mother in anxiety;/, the tri- umph. 3. Midianite oppression^ vi viii: a. Amalek, Mid- ian and children of the East oppress Israel seven years; b. Israel's abject cowardice: (i) hidden in rocks, (2) caves, (3) strongholds; c. a prophet appears; d. Gideon's call: (i ) the angel, (2) offering of Gideon, (3) altar built; e. destruction of Baal worship;/, evidence of truth of God's word fleece; g. army called: (i) faint-hearted return, (2) lappers only re- main 300; //. dream of the Midianite; i. vic- tory of 300; / results: (i) attempt to estab lish a royal line, (2) teraphim made of the spoils Gideon its priest, (3) Gideon polyga- mous, (4) leads Israel astray, (5) land had rest 40 years. Gideon, fifth judge, of Manasseh. 4. Abimelecti, ix: a. son of a maid of Shechem; b. appears to Shechemites for his claim; c. is granted a subsidy; d. slays seventy brethren, except Jotham; e. Jotham's parable, first in history (olive, fig, vine, bramble); / Abimelech made king in Shechem; g. rules JUDGES. 75 three years; //. fights three battles Shechem assaulted; i. slain by a millstone dropped by a woman at Thebez. Abimelech, sixth judge, of Manasseh. Review: Give a. location of the oppressors; b. time; c. severity of the oppression; d. deliverer in each case. Judges thus far: i. Othniel; 2. Ehud; 3. Sham- gar; 4. Deborah (and Barak); 5. Gideon; 6. Abim- elech. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chaps. 15 and 16 in part. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 8, sec. I. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps. 15-17. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 14 in part and 15. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., p. 62. Thomson, Land and Book, vol. ii. p. 179 sq. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Jael, Deborah, Gideon. Mozley, Lectures on the Old Testament, Lees. 6 and 7' Expositor's Bible, Judges and Ruth. 45. AMMONITE AND PHILISTINE OPPRESSIONS. JUDGES X XI. i. Tola, seventh judge, of Issachar, x. i, 2: a. abode in Shamir of Ephraim; b, judged Is- rael 23 years. 76 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 2. Jair, eighth judge, Gileadite, x. 3-5: a. had 30 sons who rode 30 ass-colts; b. had 30 cities; c. judged Israel 22 years. 3. Ammonite oppression^. 6 xii. 7: a. Israel's idolatry; b. oppression 18 years; c. distress of Israel; d. Jehovah's message and Israel's resolve at Mizpeh; e. Jephthah chosen as leader;/, his conditional acceptance ;. mes- sage to Ammon and reply; h. Jephthah's vow; i. slaughter 20 cities; j. reception at home; k. daughter's valor and lament; /. vow performed (cf. ^24. 8); m. memorial four days in the year; n. Jephthah's slaughter cf the jealous Ephraimites Shibboleth test. Jephthah, ninth judge, six years. 4. Compare the characters of Gideon and Jephthah. 5. Ibzan, tenth judge, of RetJileJiem, xii. S-io: a. had 30 sons and 30 daughters; b. judged Is- rael seven years. 6. Eton, eleventh judge, of Zebulon, x. u, 12: judged Israel ten years. 7. Abdon, twelfth judge, of Ephraim, xii. 13-15: a. had 40 sons and 30 grandsons, who rode on 70 asses; b. judged Israel eight years. 8. Samson, of Dan, and the Philistine oppression, (40 years), xiii xvi: a. appeal of Manoah; b. angel of Jehovah; c. birth of Samson; d. spirit of Jehovah upon him; e. finds a wo- man in Timnath; f. kills a lion;^-. wedding- JUDGES. 77 feast; h. riddle; i. solution, and slaughter of the Ashkelonites; j. wife given away and grain burnt by 300 jackals; k. hides in Etam; /. Israel delivers him up slays 1000 Philistines with the jaw-bone of an ass; m. carries off gates of Gaza; n. Delilah's treachery, Samson's humility; o. final Philis- tine clown and destroyer; /. judged Israel 20 years. Samson, thirteenth judge, of Dan. NOTE Samson the first recorded Nazarite. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. ii. chap. 16; vol. iii. chap. I. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chaps. 18-20. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 16. Smith, Old Test. History, chaps. 18 and 19. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 63, 64. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Jephthah, Sam- son and Delilah. Expositor's Bible, Judges and Ruth. 46. RUTH. RUTH I IV. 1. Time: a. when judges judged; b. famine in land c. mention other famines already met in our study. 2. Emigration to Moab: a. names of persons; b. alliances made there; c. fatalities. 3. Return to Israel: a. report of plenty; b. Na- omi's company and request; c. Orpah obeys, 78 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Ruth clings to her mother-in-law; d. arrival at Bethlehem. 4. Court transactions: a. Ruth gleans in Boaz's field; b. received with favor; c. promise of Boaz; d. redemption council; e. nearest kins- man failing, Boaz redeems; J. attestation by an old shoe; g. Ruth becomes wife of Boaz. 5. Purpose of 'the book: a. give us a charming do- mestic incident in the midst of the dark ages of the judges; b. beautiful and vivid picture of one of the ancestors of our Lord (iv. 18-22). 6. Compare this book with Esther. Literature: Blaikie, Manual, chap. 8, sec. 3 (4). Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iii. chap. 21. Geikie, Old Testament Characters, on Ruth. Expositor's Bible, Judges and Ruth. Ruth, in Bib. Diets, and Encycs. ELI AND THE FALL OF SHILOH. I SAM. i. 7 ii. 1. First appearance of Eli, \. 9, 14-17: a. priest at door of temple of Jehovah; /;. rebuking Hannah; c. favorable answer to Hannah. 2. Sons of Eli, ii. 12-17, 22-25: a. sons of Belial, (i) in priest's office, (2) in private life; b. Eli's mild rebuke; c. Eli's sin (vs. 29). 3. Message of Man of God, ii. 27-36: a. God's JUDGES. 79 past goodness disregarded; b. certain down- fall of Eli's house; c. a faithful priest to rise up; d. sure house and faithful service for- ever (cf. xvi. 13; I Chron.xvii.i3;Ps. xcix. 6). 4. Visions of Samuel for Eli, iii. 11-18: a. curse on Eli's house because of his lack of restraint of his sons; b. curse not to be purged by sacrifice; c. Eli's submission. 5. Loss oftJie ark and Eli 's death, iv. i-i 8 : a. Israel loses 4,000 men in the first battle with the Philistines; b. Philistines capture the ark in second battle and slay Eli's sons; c. Philistines supposed they had captured Jehovah (cf. Ho- seax. 6; Isa. xtvi. i; Jer. xlviii. 7; xlix. 3; Dan. xi. 8); d. sad news breaks Eli's heart and neck; e. 98 years old;/, judge 40 years. Eli, fourteenth ]&&%, a Levite. 6. Shiloh: a. what became of the tabernacle (cf. 2 Chron. i. 5 ; v. 5)? b. where did Samuel go? c. was Shiloh laid waste by the Philistines (Ps. Ixxviii. 60,67; J er - vii. 12,14; cf. I Kings xi. 29)? 7. The ark in Philistia and returned, v. i vii. 2: a. at Ashdod, (i ) Dagon humbled, (2) plague of tumors, (3) ark sent to Gath; b. at Gath, (2) city smitten, (2) tumors on all; c. at Ekron, (i) plague follows, (2) priests advise return with a guilt offering; d, returned to Beth-shemesh, (i) cart and cows, (2) go 80 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. straight ahead; e. fatality in Beth -shemesh; f. ark in Kirjath-jearim twenty years. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chaps. I in part and 2. Blaikie, Manual, pp. 205-6. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 1-3. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 17. 0. T. Student, Sept. 1887, pp. 27-30. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Eli. Expositor's Bible, First Samuel. ^48. SAMUEL AS JUDGE AND RULER TO ACCES- SION OF SAUL. I SAM. I XL 1. Hannali 1 s victory, i: a. request; b. promise; c. son Nazarite (cf. 33, 6); d. consecration at Shiloh. 2. Hannah's prayer, ii. (cf. Anna, in Tobit. i. 9; Luke ii. 36): a. analyze it; b. similar song Luke i. 46-55, 67-79; c. first individual (not national) song. 3. Samuel's ministry with Eli, iii. i iv. i: a. thrice called; b. God's curse on Eli; c. Sam- uel established as a prophet; d. revelations to him for Israel. 4. After twenty years' silence, Samuel is judge, vii. 3-14: a. host at Mizpeh turn to Jehovah (pour out water, cf. Josh. vii. 5; Ps. xxii. 14; Lam. ii. 19); b. Samuel cries to Jehovah against the Philistines; c. Jehovah thundered JUDGES. 81 against the Philistines with a mighty storm; d. Eben-ezer set up. 5. Samuel is circuit judge, vii. I 5 viii. 22: a. altar and home in Ramah ; b. annual circuit, Bethel, Gilgal, and Mizpeh; c. his sons pervert judg- ment in Beer-sheba; d. demand of the people for a king; e. Jehovah's answer to Samuel; /. second demand and Jehovah's command that Samuel make them a king. 6. Samuel' s earlier relations to Saul, ix. I xi. 13: a. Saul and the lost asses; b. Samuel anoints Saul king; c. Samuel assembles the people at Mizpeh, and Saul chosen by lot; d. Sam- uel's part in the Ammonite war. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chap. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 1-3 in part, all of 4-6. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 18 and 19. Samuel and Saul, Men of Bible Series. Edersheim, Prophecy and History in relation to the Messiah, Lee. 2. Briggs, Messianic Prophecy, chap. 5, 40. Expositor's Bible, First Samuel. 49. SAMUEL UNDER A KING, SAUL. I SAM. xii., xni. 8-15; xv., xvi. 1-13; xix. 18-22. I. Samuel "s address, xii: a. Saul made king in Gilgal; b. Samuel retires because (i) Israel has a king, (2) he is old; c. challenge to im- 82 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. peach his past honesty; d, epitome of past mercies upon penitent idolaters; e. king set up at people's request; f. favor of God de- pendent on obedience; g. thunder of God's anger against sin; k. Samuel's prayer with- out ceasing. 2. Samuel's rebuke of Saul, xiii. 8-15: a. at Gil- gal in presence of Philistine army; b. first prophecy of downfall of his kingdom; c. command to smite Amalek; d. disobedience condemned; e. Saul's penitence unrewarded, downfall of his kingdom prophesied second time. ' 3 . Samuel anoints a second king, David, over Israel xvi. i- [ 3 : a. Jehovah rejects Saul ; b. Samuel visits Jesse at Bethlehem to sacrifice; c. of eight sons, Jehovah chooses the youngest, David; d. Samuel anoints him successor to Saul; e. spirit of Jehovah on David; /. Sam- uel goes to Ramah. 4. Samuel in Ramah, xix. 18-22: a. his home, altar and place of worship (vii. 17): b. Samuel head of the school of prophets (xix. 20) ; c. Ramah prophetic headquarters; d. David es- capes to Samuel; e. Saul likewise falls in with same spirit of prophesying; /. Samuel died in Ramah (xxv. i) mourned for by all Israel. 5. Character of the period : a. end of the theoc- racy, beginning of the monarchy; b. blend- JUDGES. 83 ing of worship in Shiloh with new order of priests; c. beginning of the order of prophets schools; d. water-shed between darkness and light; e. water-shed between oppression and peace. 6. Character of Samuel and his place in history: a. a Levite, his grandson was Heman the sing- er,! Chron.vi.28,33 ; ^.awriter,! Sam. x. 25; I Chron. xxix. 29; c. judge; d. priest; e. pro- phet; /. anointed Saul and David; g. estab- lished schools of prophets; h. influence re- cognizedjn later times, cf. I Chron. xi. 3; ix. 22; xxvi. 28; i. compare him with Moses, Jer. xv. i; Ps. xcix. 6; 2 Chron. xxxv. 18. 7. Samuel's appearance to the witch of Endor, xxviii.3 25. 8. Locate the geographical points of this section: a. Gilgal; b. Bethlehem; c. Ramah; d. Mizpeh; e. Endor. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chap. 4 (pp. 40-92). Blaikie, Manual, chap. 9, sec. I. Edersheitn, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 7-9. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 18 and 19. Smith, Old Test History, chap. 19. Samuel and Saul, Men of Bible Series. Blaikie, Expositor's Bible, First Samuel. Price, Ira M., Schools of the Sons of the Prophets, Old Test. Student, March '89. Magic, in Smith's Bible Dictionary. Geikie, O. T. Characters, on Samuel. EIGHTH PERIOD. THE KINGDOM. ESTABLISHMENT TO DISRUPTION. B.C. 1095-975. <$>50. SAUL'S SANE CAREER i SAM. ix XVIIL. 1. Discovery, anointing and election, ix-x.26: a. man of God Samuel; b. events of the feast; c. Saul anointed; d. Saul among prophets (cf. xix. 18-24); e. elected, by lot what was the lot? 2. Ammonite war, xi: a. location and territory of Ammonites; b. ancestry; c. call of East-Jor- danic peoples for help; d. Saul's response and victory; e. confirmed as king of Israel. 3. First Philistine invasion, xiii: a. Israel 3,000 men; b. Philistine outposts; c. Jonathan's victory over outpost at Geba; d. Philistine army 30,000 chariots, 6,000 horsemen , people as sand on the sea encamped at Michmash; e. Israel's flight to Gilgal; /. Saul's sacrilege; g. Samuel's rebuke and prophecy; //. Philistine guerillas three bands ; i. Israel without arms. 4. Saul's victory, xiv. 1-46: a. Jonathan's strategy and success; b. general flight of Philistines; c. Saul's vow cause of it; d. Jonathan the 84 THE KINGDOM. 85 only violator; e. Saul's first altar, and sacrifice by the people; /. Jonathan saved from death by the people. 5. Saul's minor wars, xiv. 4748: I. a. Moab, cf. Gen. xix. 37 ; b. Ammon, Gen.xix. 38, cf. chap, xi; c. Edom, cf. xxi. 7 ; xxii. 9, 18; d. Zobah extreme north; e. Philistines. II. a. loca- tion; b. ancestry; c. character of people; d. relations to Israel of each of the above- mentioned peoples. 6. Amalekite war^ xv: a. wholesale slaughter com- manded why? b. not executed; c. Saul's equivocal reply to Samuel; d. Samuel's an- nouncement of a great truth (xxii. 23); e. second prophecy of end of Saul's kingdom; /. Saul's penitence unrewarded; g. Samuel hews Agag to pieces. 7. Second Philistine war, xvii xviii. 5 : tf. location; b. Israel defied forty days; c. David's deliv- erance 'of Israel; d. reward given court favors; e. covenant of David and Jonathan. Literature: Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 65,66. Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chap. 4. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 9, sec. i. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 7-10. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 21. Smith, O. T. History, chap. 20 in part. Samuel and Saul, Men of Bible Series. 86 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Blaikie, Expositor's Bible, First Samuel. 0. T. Student, Oct. 1887, pp. 53-57. Oehler, O. T. Theology, 164, 194. Delitzsch, History of Redemption, p. 84 sq. Geikie, Old Testament Characters, on Saul. 51. SAUL'S INSANE CAREER. xvi. 14-23; XVHI. 6 xxvi. 25, 28, 31. 1. Evil spirit upon Saul, xvi. 1423: a. musician David sought out; b. David made his ar- mourbearer; harmonize xvi. 14-23 with 50.7. 2. Saul's jealousy , xviii. 6 xix. 10: a. at David's popularity; b. Saul attempts to entrap and kill David, (/) by his spear twice, (2) by his daughters, (j) by the Philistines. 3. Saul's first pursiiit of David, xix. 11-24: a. messenger deceived by Michal; b. David's flight to Ramah to Samuel; c. Saul's three sets of messengers sent to take David, pro- phesy; d. Saul's attempt to capture David, results in his prophesying. NOTE Naioth=buildings, college buildings? 4. Saul's second pursuit of David, xx-xxiv: a. Jonathan's test of Saul's purpose toward Da- vid; b. feast and Saul's anger at Jonathan; c. arrows, and parting of Jonathan and Da- vid ; d. David's flight and hiding places: (/) Nob: (a ) shew-bread, (b ) sword of Goliath, (c ) Doeg, the Edomite of Saul's guard; (2} THE KINGDOM. 87 Gath: (a ) Fear of Phil., (b ) madness feigned; (j) cave of Adullam: (a ) his family there, (b ) 400 men there; (4) Mizpeh of Moab, (a ) prophet Gad appears, (b ) David in the hold; (5) forest of Hereth, Saul at home has priests slain by Doeg the Edomite; (6) Keilah, David routs the Philistines in battle; (7 Ziph; ( 9- 2. Fate of: a. Adonijah; b. Abiathar; c. Joab; d. Shimei. 3 Visions at Gibeon, i Kings iii. 4-15; 2 Chron. i. 1-13: I. a. kind of high-place; . object of their presence there; c. Solomon's request of Jehovah; d. Jehovah's promise; e. celebra- tion of this event at Jerusalem. II. signifi- cance and purport of the second vision. THE KINGDOM. 97 4. Solomon's wisdom: a. extensive, world-wide, I Kings iv. 34; v. 7, 12; x. 23, 24; 2 Chron. ix. 22, 23; b. in scientific and literary knowl- edge, i Kings iv. 29-34; c. in dealing with hard questions, I Kings x. 1-8; 2 Chron. ix. 17; d. in dealing with practical questions, I Kings iii. 9, 1 1 , 12, 16-28. 5. Solomon's foreign domestic alliances: a. Phara- oh's daughter, I Kings iii. i; vii. 8; ix. 16, 24; xi. i; 2 Chron. viii. u; b. women of Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians and Hittites, i Kings xi. I ; c. Naamah, mother of Rehoboam, an Ammonitess, I Kings xiv. 21, 31; d. alliances of Solomon's daugh- ters, iv. n, 15; * purpose of Solomon in all these alliances; f. actual result for Solomon and for the kingdom. 6. Solomon's government: a. slaves not Israelites, i Kings ix. 22, 21; 2 Chron. viii. 7, 8; bur- den bearers in the mountains, 2 Chron. ii. 17, 1 8, 2; i Kings v. 13-18; b. commissary department, (/) twelve divisions, (2) service one month, (j) provisions for one day, i Kings iv. 22, 23, (^) other duties, I Kings iv.26-28 ; c. superintendents of work,(/)" 3,300 bare rule over workers in the mountains," i Kings v. 16 (cf. 2 Chron. ii. 2, 18); (2) 550 chief officers, i Kings ix. 23: v. 16 (cf. 2 Chron. viii. 10); d. cabinet, i Kings iv. 1-6; 98 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. e. army, horses and chariots, I Kings iv. 26, 28; 2 Chron. i. 14; ix. 25, 28 (cf. Deut. xvii. i6)\ f. extent of his dominions, I Kings iv. 21, 24; 2 Chron. ix. 26; . prophecy re- garding it. 7. Foreign commercial relations : a. Egypt and Hittites horses and chariots, I Kings x. 28, 29; 2 Chron. i. 16, 17; ix. 28; also out of all lands, 2 Chron. ix. 28; b. Phoenicia, building materials and skilled labor, I Kings v. 6, 8 12; ix. 11-14; 2 Chron. ii. 8-16; c. voy- ages sea trade, I Kings ix. 26-28; x. n, 12, 22; 2 Chron. viii. 17, 18; ix. 10, 11,21; d. general trade, I Kings x. 15; 2 Chron. ix. 14 (cf. i Kings x. 1-13); e. commercial cities, I Kings ix. 18; 2 Chron. viii. 4. NOTE What were ships of Tarshish? course, destination, etc.? cf. I Kings ix. 28, with 2 Chron. viii. 18. 8. Solomon } s revenues immense: a. gold and silver, i Kings x. 14, 15; 2 Chron. ix. 13, 14; ^.levies of provisions, I Kings iv. 7 28; c. presents, I Kings iv. 21; x. i-io, 13,23-25; 2 Chron. ix. 22-24; d. tropical products, I Kings x. 22, etc.; 2 Chron. ix. 21 ; e. slave- service, see 6. a. above. 9. Increase in culture: a. learning and literature, I Kings iv. 29-34; x. 23, 24; 2 Chron. ix. 22, 23 (read Geikie, vol. iii. 18); b. architecture, see 56; c. decorations, read i Kings vi-vii; d. general splendor of courts, i Kings x. 1-13. THE KINGDOM. 99 10. Solomons old age and death : a. polygamy, I Kings xi. 1-3; b. idolatry, kinds of foreign deities, I Kings xi. 4-8; e. Jehovah's word against him; d. his new enemies, I Kings xi. 9-25; e. Ahijah's prophecy and Jeroboam's flight, i Kings xi. 26-40; /. death of Solomon; g. length of his reign. 11. Solomons career and character: a. politically; b. religiously; c. intellectually. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chaps. 14, 15, 17. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 9, sees. 4 and 5. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 4 and 5, 8 and 9. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 26. Solomon, his Life and Times, Men of Bible Series. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., p. 71. Old Test. Student, Dec. 1887. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 22. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Solomon, The Queen of Sheba. 56. SOLOMON'S TEMPLE.* I. Steps up to the temple: a. offering, Gen. iv. 3,4; b. altar, Gen. viii. 20; xii. 6-8 (cf. Ex. xx. 24, 25); c. "house of God" Bethel, Gen. xxviii. 18-22; xxxv. 1-3, 6, 14, 15; d. "tent "This outline is a revision of that of Dr. Hurlbut as given in Old Test. Student, Dec. 1887. 100 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. of meeting" Tabernacle, Ex. xxv. 8; xxix. 42-45 , * "temple" in Shiloh, I Sam. i. 9; "i. 3- 2. Building of the temple: a. place, Mt. Moriah in Jerusalem, Gen. xxii. I, 2, 14; bought by David, 2 Sam. xxiv. 17-25; I Chron. xxi. 18-30; xxii. i (cf. 2 Chron. iii. i); b. founda- tion extended 270 feet over arches, con- cealing reservoirs of water (cf. Ps. xlvi. 1-5); c. materials provided largely by David, 2 Sam. vi. 1-12; vii. 1-13; I Chron. xxviii. 11-19; xxix. 2-8; (/) stone; (2) iron, I Chron. xxii. 14; xxix. 2; (j) cedar wood, 2 Chron. ii. 3-9; i Kings vi. 8-10; (^) silver and gold, I Chron. xxii. 14; xxix. 4; (5) brass, or bronze, i Chron. xxix. 2; i Kings vii. 15-17; (6) precious stones, i Chron. xxix. 2; d. construction :(/) under Phoenician workmen, I Kings vii. I3sq., 40-45; 2 Chron. iv. II 16; (2) no sound of hammer or iron tool, i Kings vi. 7 (cf. Deut. xxvii. 5, 6); (j) completed in seven years and six months, I Kings vi. I, 38. 3. Plan of the temple: a. twice the size /of the tabernacle, for the most part, cf. Ex. xxv xl; i Kings v-viii ; 2 Chron. iii-vii (cf. Ezekiel's vision, Ezek. xl-xlvi); b. parts: i) court, (cf, Ex. xxvii. 9-18); i Kings viii. 64; 2 Chron. xx. 5; xxiv. 21; outer and inner, I Kings vi. THE KINGDOM. 101 36; 2 Chron. iv. 9; (a) inner more sacred, Joel ii. 17; (b) outer had (/) altar, 2 Chron. iv. i ; (2) sea of brass on 12 oxen, 2 Chron. iv. 2-5; (j) ten lavers, 2 Chron. iv. 6; I Kings vii. 27-39; (4) perhaps a grove of trees, Ps. Hi. 8; xcii. 12-14; 2) /^r^ vestibule 180 ft. high, 2 Chron. iii. 4; pillars Jachin and Boaz at the entrance, I Kings vii. 15-22; 3) holy place "greater house," 2 Chron. iii. 5; I Kings vi. 17; (a) ten candlesticks, 2 Chron. iv. 7; (b) ten tables, 2 Chron. iv. 8; (c) double doors, i Kings vi. 31-33; (d) altar of incense, I Kings vii. 48; 2 Chron. iv. 19; 4) holy of holies "the oracle/' I Kings vi. 16; 2 Chron. iii. 8; (a) cherubim, 2 Chron. iii. 10-13; (b) ark of the covenant, 2 Chron. v. 4-10 (cf. Ex. xxv. 1022); 5) chambers for priests three stories high, I Kings vi. 5-IO; Jer. xxxvi. 10; Ezek. xl. 45, 46; xlii. 1-6. 4. Purpose of the temple: a. to centralize and locate public worship of Jehovah (cf. Ps. Ixxxiv); b. to bind together the tribes one altar, one shrine, others forbidden, Deut. xii. 8-14; Josh. xxii. 10-27; Deut, xvi. 16; I Kings xii. 26-28; c. to symbolize the truths of redemp- tion, cf. Lev. i. 1-5; 2 Chron. vii. 1-14; Heb. ix. 22; d. to symbolize the presence of Jehovah among his people, cf. Ex. xx. 3, 4; Lev. xxvi. ii, 12; 2 Chron. vi. I, 2. 102 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. History of Solomon's temple: a. dedication, (/) assembly, (2) offerings, (j) Solomon's prayer, I Kings viii. ; 2 Chron. v. 1-6, b. popular regard for the temple, Pss. xxvii. 4; xliii. 1-4; cxxxii. 15; c. plundered by Shishak of Egypt under Rehoboam, 2 Chron. xii. 9-11; d. repairs under Joash^2 Kings xii. 4-15; e. desecration and plunder by Ahaz, 2 Kings xvi. 10-19 ;/. repairs by Hezekiah, 2 Chron. xxix; g. desecration by Manasseh, 2 Chron. xxxiii. 1-18; h. purification and repairs by Josiatff 2 Chron. xxxiv. 1-13, 29-33; i. destruction by Nebuchadrezzar, 2 Chron. xxxvi. 1 1-2 1 ; Jer. Hi. 12-23. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chap. 16. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 6 and 7. Solomon's Temple, plan in Hurlbut Man. Bib. Geog., p. 71. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 27. Old Test. Student, Dec. 1887. Solomon, His Life and Times, Men of the B ; ble, chap. 8. Perrot and Chipiez, Le Temple Jerusalem restitutes, Paris, 1889. NINTH PERIOD. DUAL KINGDOM. DIVISION TO FALL OF SAMARIA. B. C. 975-722. DUAL RELIGIOUS DECLINE. I KINGS XI. 26 XV. 8; 2 CHRON. X-XIII. Judah Rehoboam (17)*, Abijam (3). Israel Jeroboam I (22). 1. Prophecies of disruption, \ Kings xi. 9-13, 29- 39- 2. Causes of disruption: a. mediate: (/) old animos- ities between kingdoms of Saul and David, (2) Solomon's foreign domestic alliances, (j) Solomon's idolatry, I Kings xi. 9-13; b. im- mediate: (/) Ahijah's encouragement to Jer- oboam, (2) Rehoboam's outrageous requests. 3. Events immediately connected witli disruption, 2 Chron. x; I Kings xii. 1-19: a. Rehoboam atShechem; . request of the people; ^.counsel adopted by Rehoboam; d. Jeroboam's ap- pearance. 4. Kingdom divided: a. Solomon's empire 60,000 square miles; b. portions sliced off by ene- * Henceforth these numbers shall indicate the length of reign of the kings after whose names they stand. 10.3 104 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. # mies; c. territory of northern kingdom, 9,400 square miles; d. territory of Judah, 3,400 square miles. 5. Jeroboam's establishment and policy, I Kings xii. 20 xiii. 34: a. coronation; b. army and defences; c. system of worship, its localities and purpose (cf. 2 Chron. xiii. 9); d. rebuke and prophecy (cf. I Kings xiii. 2 with 2 Kings xxiii. 1 6) of man of God. 6. Jeroboam'' s fate foretold, i Kings xiv: a. sick- ness of Abijah; b. secret march on Ahijah; c. Ahijah foretells, (/) death of Abijah, (2) destruction of Jeroboam's house, (j) captivity of Israel. 7. Rehoboam's establishment and policy, i Kings xiv. 21-24; 2 Chron. xi: a. coronation; b. attempt to suppress revolt; c. defences, 2 Chron. xi. 5-12; d. accessions from Israel, 2 Chron. xi. 13-17; e. sins of his house, 18- 23- 8. Invasion by Shishak of Egypt, i Kings xiv. 25 -28; 2 Chron. xii. 2-9: a. Solomon's early relations with Egypt; b. probable provoca- tion of Shishak; ^.extent of his plunderings; d. humility of Rehoboam; e. death of Reho- boam; f. character of Rehoboam. 9. Career of Abijam, i Kings xv. 1-8; 2 Chron. xiii: a. walked in sins of his father; b. railed against Jeroboam; c. warred against Jero- DUAL KINGDOM. 105 boam, 400,000 against 800,000 respectively; d. Abijam victorious; e. Jehovah smote him and he died; f. characterize him. 10. Locate all geographical points in this section. 11. Contemporaneous history: a. Syria; b. Egypt; c. Assyria; d. Hittites. 12. Prophets of these times: I. Judah: a. Shemaiah, his work, 2 Chron. xi. 2; xii. 15; I Kings xii. 22, 23; b. "man of God out of Judah," I Kings xiii. I, 5, 6, 7, 8; c. Iddo, 2 Chron. xii. 15; xiii. 22. II. Israel: a. Ahijah the Shilonite, I Kings* xi. 29, 30; xii. 15; xiv. 2-16; b. old prophet, I Kings xiii. 11-31. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chap. I. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. i; chap, n, sees. I and 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 10 and [I. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 29 and half of 35. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. I, 2. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 87, 88. Old Test. Student, Jan. 1888. Smith, O. T. History, chap. 23. Geikie, O. T. Characters, on Re hobo am. Sayce, The Hittites, Religious Tract Society. 106 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. , KO < REIGN OF ASA IN JUDAH. *. i FALL OF THREE DYNASTIES IN ISRAEL. B. C. 955-915. Judah Asa (41). Israel Jeroboam (22), Nadab (2), Baasha (24), Elah (2), Zimri (7 days). I Kings xv. 8-xvii. 20; 2 Chron. xiv xvi. 1 . Review briefly the events since the disruption. 2. Reforms of Asa: I. Religious: a. removing Sodomites and idols; b. breaking down high places, pillars; c. his queen-mother removed; d. groves of Asherim cut down; e. Israel bade to seek Jehovah; /. brought dedicated things into house of Jehovah. II. Political: a. fortified Judah; b. built cities; c. strength- ened the army. 3. Aids to these reforms: a. counter-example of Israel; b. immigration to Judah of those loyal to Jehovah; c. presence of the prophets; d. spirit of Jehovah in Asa's heart. 4. Asa's wars and alliances: ^.victorious battle with Ethiopia, 580,000 men against 1,000,000 men; b. Baasha of Israel builds Ramah; c. Syria, Ben-hadad of Damascus bought off by Asa with vessels of the temple; d, dis- posal of Ramah. 5. Asa's relations with the prophets, and the end of his days: a. Azariah, son of Oded, result to Asa and Israel, 2 Chron. xv. 1-7; b. Hanani DUAL KINGDOM. 107 the seer, result, 2 Chron. xvi. 7-10; c. dis- ease of Asa; d. death and burial; e. length of reign. 6. NadaVs character, reign and death, I Kings xv. 25-31: a. second and last king of dynasty of Jeroboam; b. began in second year of Asa; c. did evil as his father; d. slain by Baasha at the siege of Gibbethon. 7. Baaslias character, reign and death, I Kings xv. 27-xvi. 13; 2 Chron. xvi. 1-6: a. usurper; b. began to reign in the third year of Asa, in city of Tirzah; c. did evil as Jeroboam; d. destroyed all the house of Jeroboam; e. in his fourteenth year he fortified Rainah against Judah; f. Ben-hadad's inroads on Israel; g. Jehu's prophecy against Baasha; h. died and buried in Tirzah; i. length of reign. 8. Elatis character, reign and death, I Kings xvi. 6-14: a. second and last king of dynasty of Baasha; b. began to reign in 26th year of Asa; c. made Israel to sin, I Kings xvi. 12, 13; d. slain in a drunken row at Tirzah by Zimri; e. length of reign. 9. Zimri' s (7 days) reign and death, I Kings xvi. 9-20: a. usurper third dynasty; b. obliter- ated house of Baasha; c. choice of people was Omri, captain at Gibbethon; d. siege of Tirzah, and suicide of Zimri after seven days' reign; e. similar suicides in secular history. 108 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 10. Locate all geographical points in this section. 11. Contemporaneous history: a. Ethiopia; b. Syria; c. Assyria. 12. Prophets of this section: I. Judah: a. Azariah, son of Oded, 2 Chron. xv. 1-7; b. Hanani the seer, 2 Chron. xvi. 7-10. II. Israel: Jehu son of Hanani, I Kings xvi. I. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chap. 2 in part. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 12, and 13 in part. Stanley, Jewish Church, half of Lee. 35. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, Men of Bible Series, chaps. 4-8. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 87, 88. Old Test. Student, Jan. 1888. 59. REIGN OF THE HOUSE OF OMRI IN ISRAEL, B. C. 929-885. Omri (12), Ahab (22), Ahaziah (2), Jehoram (12). 1 . Give the kings of Israel in the last three dynas- ties with length of reigns. 2. Omri's reign and home policy, I Kings xvi. 16-29: a. usurper; b. began 27th year of Asa; c. right disputed by Tibni, four years; d. his capitals, (/) Tirzah, (2) Samaria; e. DUAL KINGDOM. 109 religious policy, (/) advance on Jeroboam, i Kings xvi. 25; (2) statutes adopted, Mic. vi. 16.* 3. Omrz's foreign relations , power and death: a. with Moab, reduced Mesha, (cf. Records of Past, 2d series, vol. ii., p. 200 sq. and 2 Kings iii. 4); b. with Syria, when king of Syria wrested cities from Omri, I Kings xx. 34; c. with Zidonians, inferred from tradition and Ahab's alliance; d. with Assyria, land of Israel, called "Land of Omri" for several generations; e. evidence of power, the loca- tion of his new capital ; /. his death ; g. length of reign. 4. Ahab's beginning, jSth year of Asa, I Kings xvi. 29 xvii. i : a. alliance with Zidonians through Jezebel; b. new religion introduced, its character; c. persecution of servants of Jehovah; d. Ahab's advance religiously, i Kings xvi. 31, 33; e. Elijah's prophecy of famine. 5. Ahab's course at home, I Kings xviii., xxi: I. a. despair in famine; b. Elijah's appearance and Obadiah; c. Ahab's salute; d. Elijah's assembly at Carmel; e. Ahab's prophets' vain attempt; /. Elijah's success and slaughter; g. rain; h. Jezebel's wrath, and pursuit of Elijah; i. public works of Ahab, *Cf. also 2 Kings viii. 26. 110 . OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 1 Kings xxii. 39. II. Naboth's vineyard: a. Ahab's request; b. refused by Naboth ; c. Ahab's pettishness; d. Jezebel's infamy; e. justice satisfied; f. law of inheritance; g. Elijah at hand; h. Ahab's penitence; i. Elijah's last message to Ahab. 6. Ahab's foreign relations and wars, I Kings xx., xxii; 2 Chron. xviii. : a. with Zidon and the Phoenicians; b. with Ben-hadad of Syria: (/) before Samaria: (a) with 32 allied kings, (b) completely routed; (2) at Aphek: (a) Ben-hadad routed, (b) saved, why? (c) Ahab rebuked by son of aprophet; c. with Assyrians, at Karkar (C. O. T., vol. i., pp. 182-195), Ahab in league with several kings, defeated by Shalmaneser II; d. with Jehoshaphat of Judah, against Ramoth Gilead: (/) reception at Samaria, (2) word of 400 prophets, (j) word of Micaiah, (^) battle, (5) Ahab slain, (6) Elijah's prophecy fulfilled, I Kings xxi. 19, with xxii. 38; e. length of Ahab's reign. 7. Reign of Ahab' 1 s son, Ahaziah, I Kings xxii. 40 2 Kings i. 18: a. alliance with Jehoshaphat; b. his sin; c. sickness; d. inquiry of Baal- zebub; e. rebuked by Elijah; f. fatality of messengers; g. Ahaziah's death; //. length of reign. 8. Reign of Ahab's son, Jehoram, 2 Kings i. 17; iii. 1-27: a. religious revolution, 2 Kings iii. DUAL KINGDOM. Ill 3; b. war with MeshaofMoab: (/) Jehosh- aphat here, (2) Elisha's share in it; c. Syrians besiege Dothan: (/) struck blind, (2) well treated and sent home; d. Syrians besiege Samaria: (/) famine, (2) Elisha's word, (j) outcome; e. disastrous visit of Ahaziah of Judah to Jehoram, after battle of Ramoth Gilead; /. length of reign. 9. Locate with great care all geographical points in this section. 1C. Contemporaneous history: a. Zidonians or Phoenicians; b. Syrians; c. Assyrians; d. Moabites. II. Prophets in Israel in this section: a. Elijah; b. Obadiah; c. two fifties in caves; d. 400 prophets; e Micaiah;y. the prophet, I Kings xx. 13-22; g. man of God, I Kings xx. 28; h* man of the sons of the prophets, I Kings xx. 35. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 2 and 4. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 14 and 15; vol. vi. chaps, i, 4, 5 7 9- Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 30. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 9, 10, 12, 13. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 87, 88. Old Test. Student, Jan. 1888. 112 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Cuneiform Inscriptions and Old Testament, vol. i. pp. 179-195. Moabite Stone, in Records of the Past, 2d Series,vol. ii. p. 200 sq fc Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 23 in part. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Ahab and Jezebel. 60. REIGN OF JEHOSHAPHAT OF JUDAH, B. C. 914-889. 1 . Give and characterize the kings of Judah thus far studied. 2. Jehoshaphafs beginning, I Kings xv. 24; 2 Chron. xvii: a. walked in the first ways of his father David (2 Chron. xvii. 3); b. took away Asherim and some high places ; c. sent princes, priests and Levites to teach the law through- out the cities of the land; d. set garrisons in fenced cities of Judah and Ephraim; e. in- creased the army to 1,600,000 men (xvii. 14-19)- 3. Jehoshaphafs relations with Israel, I Kings xxii; 2 Kings iii; 2 Chronicles xviii: a. Ahab: (/) visit of Jehoshaphat to Samaria, (2) league against Syria, (j) 400 prophets, (^) Micaiah, (5) battle of Ramoth Gilead,(tf) Jehoshaphat on return rebuked by Jehu son of Hanani (2 Chron. xix. 1-3); b. Ahaziah son of Ahab: (/) common interest in a Tar- shish navy, (2) Eliezer's rebuke (2 Chron. xx. DUAL KINGDOM. 113 37), (j) fleet wrecked; c. Jehoram son pf Ahab: (/) against Mesha, king of Moab, (2) Judah, Israel and Edom together, (j) Elisha's . role, (^) victory, (5) human sacrifice, why did Israel withdraw? 4. Jekoskap hat's other foreign relations: a. Arabi- ans and Philistines, peaceful, 2 Chron. xvii. 1 1 ; b. Moabites, Ammonites, Seir (Syria, 2 Chron. xx. 2) or Edom: (/) meet atEn-gedi, (2) Jehoshaphat's prayer, (j) prophecy of Jahaziel, (4) song of praise, (5) victory with- out a stroke, (6) spoil, (7) praise to Jehovah; c. Syrians, see 3. a\ d. Mesha of Moab, see 3. c. 5. Close of Jehoshaphat's reign: a. makes Jehoram his son regent with him, 2 Kings viii. 16: b. distributes gifts, gold, silver and fenced cities among his other six sons; c. died and buried with his fathers in city of David; d. length of reign. 6. Contrast the characters in these two sections (59 and 60), e.g. Ahab and Jezebel, Ahab and Je- hoshaphat. 7. Locate all geographical points in this section. 8. Prophets in this section: a. Jehu son of Hanani the seer, 2 Chron. xix. 1-3; b. Jahaziel, 2 Chron. xx. 14-17; c. Eliezer, 2 Chron. xx. 37. Literature; Additional to that under 59: Blaikie, Manual, chap, n, sec. 2. 114 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chap. II. Geikie, Old Testament Characters, on Jehoshaphat. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vi. chaps. 5-7, and 9. 61. THE GREAT PERIOD OF ORAL PROPHETS AND ORAL PROPHECY. B. C. 975-85O. 1. Prophets near the close of Solomon's reign: a, Ahijah the Shilonite, 2 Chron. ix. 29; I Kings xi. 29; b. Iddo the seer, 2 Chron. ix. 29. 2 . Minor prophets in the kingdom of Judah, give the work of each: a. ShemaiaJi (under Rehoboam 1 Kings xii. 22-24; 2 Chron. xi. 2-4; xii. 5, 7, 15; b. Iddo (Rehoboam and Jeroboam), Jeddo or Jedon (Josephus Antiq. viii. 8, 9), 2 Chron. ix. 29; xii. 15; xiii. 22; c. Azariah son of Oded (Asa), 2 Chron. xv. 1-8; d. Hanani the seer, 2 Chron. xvi. 7-10; e. Jehu son of Hanani the seer (Jehoshaphat), 2 Chron. xix. 2, 3; xx. 34; /. Jahaziel (Je- hoshaphat), 2 Chron. xx. 14-17 ; g- Eliezer (Jehoshaphat), 2 Chron. xx. 37. 3. Minor prophets in the kingdom of Israel, give the work of each: a. Aliijah the Shilonite, ((Solomon), Jeroboam), I Kings xi. 29-39; xii. 15 ; xiv. 2-1 8; xv. 29; 2 Chron. ix. 29; x. 15; b. Iddo, see 2. b\ c. Jehu son of Hanani (Baasha), i Kings xvi, 1-5, 7, 12; d. Micaiah DUAL KINGDOM. 115 (Ahab), i Kings xxii. 8-28; 2 Chron. xviii. 7-27. NOTE i. Iddo and Jehu prophesied in both kingdoms. NOTE 2. Prophet and man of God are frequently mentioned without a hint as to their names; e.g., i Kings xiii. I, n; xx. 13, 22; 2 Chron. xxv. 7,15. 4. 'Elijah's activity during the famine in AhaVs reign, i Kings xvii., xviii: a. his sudden ap- pearance tribal relations? i Kings xvii. i: b. dress, 2 Kings iii. 8; c. famine: (/) foretold, (2) Elijah atCherith, (j) at Zarephath: (a) miracle of meal and oil, (b) raising dead; (4) return and word of Obadiah, (5) Ahab's salu- tation, (6) test at Carmel, (7) slaughter of prophets of Baal (Deut. xiii. 6-9), (8) prayer and rain, (p) Elijah runs before Ahab to Jez- reel, (10) duration of famine, I Kings xviii. i ; Luke iv. 25; James v. 17. 5. Elijahs activity during the remainder of Ahab's reign, I Kings xix., xxi. 17-29: a. Elijah's flight before Jezebel: (/) Jezebel's threat, (2) Elijah in Beer-sheba, (j) miraculously fed, (4) forty days and nights in Horeb, (5) God's manifestation to him, cf. Ex. xxxiii. 21-23, (6) commanded to anoint (a) Hazael over Syria, (b) Jehu over Israel, (c) Elisha as his suc- cessor; b. discovery and mantling of Elisha; c. "hast thou found me, O mine enemy?" i Kings xxi. 17-20: (/) Elijah's message, (2) 116 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Ahab's sorrow, (j) sentence mitigated. 6. Elijah's later work: a* rebuked messengers of Ahaziah, 2 Kings i. 3 sq.; b. consuming of two fifties; c. Elisha's message to Ahaziah; d. Elijah's writing to Jehoram of Judah, 2 Chron. xxi. 12-15; e. his work among schools of the prophets, 2 Kings ii. 1-7, 15-18"; /. his appointment of Elisha and his translation. 7. Elisha s call and work among the sons of the prophets: a. call and conduct, I Kings xix. 16-21; b. visit with Elijah to the sons of the prophets at Gilgal, Bethel and Jericho; c. translation of Elijah, and sons of the prophets at Jericho,- (/) before, (2) after; d. healing the waters at Jericho; e. to Bethel, bears; j. to Carmel; g. to Samaria; h. miracle of pot of oil, 2 Kings iv. I sq. ; i. Shunem, raising Shunammite's son; j. to Gilgal, death in the pot; k. multiplying food; /. iron swam, 2 Kings vi. 1-7. 8. Elisha's work of a political or national charac- ter: a.'m war against Moab, 2 Kings iii. 11 19; b. in healing Naaman the Syrian: (/) Naaman's source of information, (2) his ex- pectation, (j) his submission, (4. his resolu- tion, (5) Gehazi's sin and punishment; c. his value to the king of Israel, 2 Kings vi. 8-10; d. his fame abroad, 2 Kings vi. 12; e. be- sieged in Dothan, enemy stricken with blind- DUAL KINGDOM. 117 ness, feasted, sent home; /. Syrians besiege Samaria, 2 Kings vi. 24-vii. 20: (/) famine, (2) EKsha's prophecy, (j) terror strikes the enemy, (^) flight of Syrians and plenty for Israel ;\ Elisha's influence restores Shunam- mite's property, 2 Kings viii. 1-6; h. Elisha's errand at Damascus, 2 Kings viii. 7-15; i. an- ointing of Jehu, 2 Kings ix. 1-12; /. Elisha's sickness, prophecy to Joash of Israel, and death, 2 Kings xiii. 14-19; k. miracle with bones of Elisha, 2 Kings xiii. 20, 21. 9. Compare the characters of Elijah and Elisha: a. preparation for work; b. habits of life; c. force of character; d. relations to rulers; e. relation to sons of "prophets. 10. Schools of the sons of the prophets:* a. head- quarters: (/) Ramah, (2) Bethel, (j) Gilgal, (^) Jericho, (5) Carmel, (6) Samaria; b. teach- ers: (/) Samuel, I Sam. xix. 20, (2) Elijah, (j) Elisha; c. things taught, (/) prophesying, (2) sacred service and music; d. occupation, (/) study and worship, (2] run errands, (j) regular duties of a prophet; e. means of sub- sistence: (/) gathered in fields, (2) gifts, 2 Kings iv. 42, 43; v. 21-24. 11. Work of the prophets : a. to instruct the people in the law; b. to convey the direct will of God, mostly upon occasions of great moment; *This topic is fully treated by the author in Old Testament Stu- ent, March 1889. 118 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. c. to forewarn and admonish rulers; d. to embody in written form their instructions direct from God; e. to preserve a history of their timest; /. to counteract all idolatrous tendencies; g. to provide music, etc., at pub- lic religious services, I Chron. xxv. Remark. False prophets: I. a. old prophet of Bethel, I Kings xiii. n; .400 prophets with a lying spirit, I Kings xxii. 6-8, 22,23; c. 450 proph- ets of Baal, i Kings xviii. 19, 22, 40; d. 400 proph- ets of Asherah, I Kings xviii. 19. II. a. are they idolatrous prophets? b. are they perverted worship- pers of Jehovah, wicked men? c. do they really predict? d. their methods and means of procedure. Literature: 2 Sam. i 2 Kings xiii. 20. 2 Chron. ix. 29 xx. 37. Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 3 and 5. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 1-3, 10-14. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 29-31. Elijah, His Life and Times, Men of Bible Series. Geikie, O. T. Characters, on Elijah, ElisJia, Naaman the Syrian. Old Test. Student, Jan. 1887. f Several of the prophets mentioned in this section wrote works, not one of which exists at the present day. This subject is discussed by the author in the Bibliotheca Sacra, April 1889, under the title, "The Lost Writings quoted and referred to in the Old Testament." DUAL KINGDOM. 119 Price, The Schools of the Sons of the Prophets, Old Test. Student, March 1889. Price, The Lost Writings in the Old Testament, Bibliotheca Sacra, April 1889. Howat, Elijah the Desert Prophet, Edinburgh, 1868. RELIGIOUS DECLINE IN JUDAH. CHECK TO IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL. B. c. ca. 890 ca. 840. Judah Jehoram (8), Ahaziah (i), Athaliah (7), Joash (40). Israel Jehu (28), Jehoahaz (17). Reign of Jehoram of Judah, 2 Kings viii. 1624; 2 Chron. xxi. 120: a. regent with his father, 2 Kings viii. 1 6; b. slew his brethren why? 2 Chron. xxi. 1-4; c. daughter of Jezebel to wife, 2 Kings viii. 18; d. walked in ways of kings of Israel; e. revolt of Edomites why? f. revolt of Libnah; g. high places made; h. letter from Elijah; i. Jehoram's disease;/, raid of the Philistines and Arabians, result; k. ignominious death and burial; /. length of reign. Reign of Ahaziah of Judali, 2 Kings viii. 2429; ix. 16-28; 2 Chron. xxii. 1-9: a. Ahaziah's legacy, blood of Jezebel; b. walked in ways of Ahab, by counsel; c. leagues with Jeho- ram, his uncle, against Ramoth Gilead ; d. Jehoram wounded; e. Ahaziah's visit to Jezreel. 120 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Jehu's extirpation of the house of Otnri, 2 Kings ix x. 17; 2 Chron. xxii. 7-9: a. anointing and coronation of Jehu at Ramoth Gilead, 2 Kings ix. 1-15; b. his explicit orders; chaste to Jezreel, vss. 16-20; d. murder of Jehoram, 21-26; e. murder of Ahaziah of Judah, 27-29; /. death of Jezebel, 30-37; g. murder of Ahab's seventy sons in Samaria, 2 Kings x. 1-9; h. murder of Ahab's kinsfolk, great men and friends, 10-11 ; i. murder of forty-two of Ahaziah 's brethren, 12-14; / slaughter of all that remained of Ahab in Samaria. NOTE Jehonadab son of Rechab (cf. Jer. xxxv.) 4. Jehu's stroke at idolatry, 2 Kings x. II, 18-28: a. murder of priests of Ahab, x. 1 1 ; b. slaughter of Baal worshippers, 18-25; c. obelisks, pillar and house of Baal destroyed ; d. but the calves of Jeroboam retained. 5. Jehu's enemies and death, 2 Kings x. 29-36: a. his own heart, (/) in unwarranted wholesale murder, (2) in sins of Jeroboam; b. Hazael of Syria, x. 32, 33; c. Assyria, his tribute thereto (C. O. T. vol. i. p. 199 sq.); d. Jehovah's promise to Jehu; e. death and burial in Samaria; f. length of reign. 6. Athaltah's usurpation, reign and death, 2 Kings xi; 2 Chron. xxii. 10 xxiii. 21: a. ancestry, Jezebel; b. bloody disposal of seed royal except Joash; c. Baal worship in the lead. DUAL KINGDOM. 121 2 Kings xi. 18; 2 Chron. xxiii. 17; xxiv. 7; d. rise and influence of Jehoiada; e. assembly and coronation of Joash; f. Athaliah slain. 7. Prosperous reign of Joash of Judah, 2 Kings xi. 2, 12 xii. 16 ; 2 Chron. xxii. 11; xxiii. ii xxiv. 1 6: a. concealment; b. accession; c. in seventh year of Jehu; d. did right; e. repairs of house of Jehovah; f. Jehoiada's prominent role; g. Jehoiada's death and burial. 8. Disastrous reign of Joash of Judah^ 2 Kings xii, 17-21; 2 Chron. xxiv. 17-27: a. princes influential with the king; b. house of Jehovah forsaken; c. prophets unheeded; d. Zechariah, by king's demand, stoned; e. in- vasion of the Syrians; /. Hazael bought off by temple plunder; g. Joash's disgraceful murder and burial; h. length of reign. 9. Reign of Jehoahaz (son of Jehu) of Israel, 2 Kings xiii. 1-9: a. began 23d year of Joash of Judah; b. did evil as Jeroboam; c. was delivered up to Hazael and Ben-hadad of Syria; d. besought Jehovah; e. delivered but weakened (cf. 2 Kings xiii. 23); f. death and burial in Samaria;^, length of reign. 10. Carefully point out all geographical points in this section. 1 1 . Contemporaneous history: a. Edomites' revolt; b. raid of Philistines and Arabians; c. Syria: 122 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. (/) Ramoth Gilead, (2) Gath, (j) Jerusalem; d. Assyria. 12. Prophets of this section: I. Judah: a. Elijah; b. Zechariah. II. Israel: a. Elisha; b. son of the prophets. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chap. 6. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 4; chap. 11, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vi. chaps. 15-17; vol. vii. chaps. 1-3. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 32. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 14-19. Old Testament Student, Jan. 1888. Geikie, Old Testament Characters, on AthaliaJi, Jehu. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 23. Sayce, Fresh Light from the Ancient Monuments. Cuneiform Inscrip. and Old Test. vol. i. p. 199 sq. RELIGIOUS DECLINE AND REGAL PROSPERITY. B. c. 840-ca. 760. Judah Amaziah (29), Uzziah (52). Israel Joash (16), Jeroboam II (41), Zech- ariah (6m.). Give kings of Israel and Judah to this point, with length of reign of each. Reign of Joash (son of Jehoahaz) of Israel, 2 Kings xiii. 9 xiv. I, 8-16; 2 Chron. xxv. 17-24: a. departed not from sins of Jero- DUAL KINGDOM. 123 boam, son of Nebat; b. visit to Elisha's death-bed, result; c. in three victories he recovered cities from Syria; d. Amaziah's challenge; e. Joash's victory, plunder and breaking down the walls of Jerusalem; f. hostages taken; g. death and burial in Samaria. 3. Reign of Amaziah (son of Jo ash) of Judah, 2 Kings xiv. 1-22; 2 Chron. xxv: a. did right, yet not as David; b. slew his father's murderers (see 62; 8^.); c. army, 300,000; d. 100,000 hired from Israel; e. rebuked by a man of God, -Amaziah sends them back; f. their anger and raid of Judah's cities; g. victory over Edom: (/) I o.ooo slain, (2) 10,000 cast from top of a rock; k. gods of Edom brought home, set up and worshipped;/, rebuked by a prophet] j. challenges Joash of Israel; k. Amaziah disastrously defeated; /. slain by a conspiracy in Lachish. 4. Reign of Jeroboam II of Israel, 2 Kings xiii. 13; xiv. 1 6, 23-29; xv. i: a. did evil in sight of Jehovah, as Jeroboam I; b. restored border of Israel from entering in of Hamath to the sea of the Arabah (Dead Sea); c. all according to Jonah's prophecy, 2 Kings xiv. 25; d. Jeroboam II Israel's helper; e. re- covered Damascus; /. had great power and prosperity; g. death and burial in Samaria. 124 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. Condition of Israel at close of Jeroboam's reign: a. territorially next to Solomon; b. living luxuriously, Amos iii. 12; vi. 8, n, 14; ' c. in low state of morals, Hos. iv. 13; Amos ii. 7; iv. 1-8; viii. 12; d. fraudulent oppression, Hos. v. i; Amos iii. 9; e. nearing state of dissolution, Amos iii. 12; v. 27; vii. 17. 6. Reign of Zechariah (son of Jeroboam II) of Israel, 2 Kings xv. 8-12: a. began 38th year of Uzziah; b. "did as his fathers had done"; c. last of dynasty of Jehu, smitten after six months reign by Shallum, a conspirator; d. promise to Jehu fulfilled, 2 Kings x. 30. 7. Reign of Uzziah (Azariali) of Judah, politi- cally, 2 Kings xiv. 21, 22; xv. 1-7; 2 Chron. xxvi: a. built Elath and restored it to Judah; b. began, 16 years old, in 27th year of Jeroboam II; c. conquered Philistines; d. defeated Arabians in Gur-baal; e. Ammonites submissive; /. fame gone down to Egypt; g. fortified Jerusalem; h. improved the country; i. practiced husbandry; j. standing army 307,500; k. new weapons, offensive and defensive; /. power famous abroad; m. God made him to prosper as long as he sought him. 8. Reign of Uzziah (Azariah] of Judah, religi- ously: a. did nght as Amaziah; b. sought God in days of Zechariah; c. took not away DUAL KINGDOM. 125 the high places; d. power fatal to him; e. smitten with leprosy in the temple; f. thrust out by priests to a several house; g. Jotham his son regent; //. Uzziah's death and burial. 9. Contemporaneous history: a. Syria; b. Assyria; c. Edom; d. Philistines and Arabians; e. Ammon; f. Egypt. 10. Prophets in this section: I. Judah: a. prophets (to Joash), 2 Chron. xxiv. 19; b. man of God and prophet (to Amaziah), 2 Chron. xxv. 7, 15; c. Zechariah, 2 Chron. xxvi. 5. II. Israel: a. Jonah (to Jeroboam II) 2 Kings xiv. 25. 11. Contemporaneous literary prophets: a. Jonah, cf. i. I, with 2 Kings xiv. 25; b. Hosea i. i; c. Amos i. i; d. Isaiah i. i. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 7 and 9. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 4; chap, n, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vii. chaps. 4-6. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 33 and 37. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 20-24. Old Testament Student, Feb. 1888. Geikie, Old Testament Characters, on Jonah, Jeroboam II. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 24. Farrar, F. W , The Minor Prophets, Men of the Bible Series. 126 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. ANARCHY IN ISRAEL. * ' I IDOLATRY IN JUDAH. B. C. 760-728. Judah Jotham (16), Ahaz (16). Israel Shallum (i m.), Menahem (10), Peka- hiah (2), Pekah (20). 1. Reign of Shallum of Israel, 2 Kings xv. 10, 13-15: a. usurper, having slain Zechariah ; /;. began 39th year of Uzziah ; c. slain at end of a month by Menahem. 2. Reign of Menahem of Israel, 2 Kings xv. 14, 16-22: a. usurper, having slain Shallum; b. smote and destroyed Tiphsah; c. did evil as Jeroboam; d. tributary to Pul (Tiglath-pileser) of Assyria; e. exactions from the people; /. died. 3. Reign of Pekahiah (son of Menahem) of Israel, 2 Kings xv. 22-26: a. began in 5Oth year of Uzziah; b. did evil; c. slain in his capital at Samaria by Pekah, his captain. 4. Reign of Pekah of Israel, 2 Kings xv. 2 5-3 1 , 37 ; xvi. i, 5 : a - usurper; b. began 5 2 d year of Uzziah; c. did as Jeroboam; d, raid and cap- tives of Tiglath-pileser of Assyria; e. league with Rezin of Syria against Ahaz of Judah; f. slain by Hoshea in a conspiracy, inspired by Assyria. 5. Reign of Jot ham (son of UzziaJt) of Judah, 2 Kings xv. 5, 32-38; 2 Chron. xxvii: a. DUAL KINGDOM. 127 regent with Uzziah; b. did right as Uzziah, but entered not into the temple of Jehovah; c. built castles and towers in tops of mountains; d. subjugated and subsidized Ammon ; e. be- came mighty because, 2 Chron. xxvii. 4-6; /. death. 6. Reign of Ahaz of Jtidah, politically, 2 Kings xvi. 1-20; xvii. 13-20; 2 Chron. xxviii; Isaiah vii. 1-20: a. began I7th year of Pekah; b. delivered to Syria, results; c. delivered to Israel with Pekah, results; d. 200,- ooo captives returned at Oded's injunction; e. Ahaz appeals to Tiglath-pileser for help; f. gifts of treasures; g. goes to Damascus to do obeisance to Tiglath pileser; h. raid of Philis- tines on southeast; i. Ahaz's tribute to Assyria. 7. Reign of Ahaz of Judah, religiously: a. did evil as kings of Israel; b. made images of Baalim; c. burnt his children in fire to Moloch; d. rob- bed house of Jehovah; e. made a Damascus altar; f. sacrificed to the gods of Damascus; g. shut up house of Jehovah; h. put idola- trous altars in every corner of Jerusalem; i. did according to the abominations of the heathen whom Jehovah cast out from before the children of Israel; j. death and burial. 8. Contemporaneous history: a. Assyria; b. Syria; c. Edom;\*/. Egypt. 128 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 9. Kings of Israel and Judah mentioned in Assyrian inscriptions: a. Uzziah; b. Ahaz; c. Pekah; d. Menahem. NOTE "Land of Omri" is mentioned several times. 10. Prophets active in .this section: I. Judah: a. Isaiah; b. Micah. II. Israel: a. Amos; b. Oded. NOTE Several unnamed, as in 2 Kings xvii. 13. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 10 and n. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 3; chap, n, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vii. chaps. 7 and 8. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 34 in part. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 24-27. Old Test. Student, March 1888. Cuneiform Inscriptions and -Old Testament, vol. i. pp. 215-257. Sayce, Fresh Light from Ancient Monuments, chap. 6. Sayce, The Times of Isaiah. Driver, S. R., Isaiah, Men of the Bible. Farrar, Minor Prophets, Men of the Bible. Expositor's Bible, Isaiah, vol. i. TENTH PERIOD. JUDAH ALONE. FALL OF SAMARIA TO FALL OF JERUSALEM. B. C. 722-587. 65. j REFORM IN JUDAH. DOWNFALL OF ISRAEL. Judah Hezekiah (29). fsrael Hoshea (9). Reign of Hoshea of Israel r , 2 Kings xvii. 1-4: a. enthroned by Tiglath-pileser (C. 0- T. vol. ii. p. 251 sq.); b. began in I2th year of Ahaz; c. tributary to Shalmaneser; d. attempted league with So of Egypt; e. imprisonment by Shalmaneser. Fall of Samaria (722 B. C.), 2 \Kings xvii. 5, 6; xviii. 9-1 1 : a. besieged by Shalmaneser of Assyria; b. at the end of three years captured by his successor, Sargon; c. Sargon's own account of it, made captive 27,280 inhabi- tants; d. put the country under a governor, most of the inhabitants remaining in the land. Why did Samaria and Israel fall? 2 Kings xvii. 7-23: a. sinned against Jehovah; b. served other Gods; c. built high places; d. set up obelisks and Asherim; e. disregarded 129 130 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. seer and prophet; f. worshipped host of heaven; g. burnt children to heathen gods. 4. Fate of the captives, 2 Kings xvii. 6, 23; xviii. i'i : a. carried to Assyria, Halah, Habor, Gozan; b. among the Medes. 5. Importations into Samaria, 2 Kings xvii. 24-41 ; a. Assyrian custom of deportation of peoples; b. sources of these importations; c. their trouble in Samaria; d. priest of Jehovah returned to them; e. their gods; f. their sub- sequent worship; g. their name, Samaritans. 6. The Samaritans (see Smith, Bib. Diet): a. their origin; b. location; c. worship; d. later atti- tude toward the Jews; e. Christ's words con- cerning them;/, their later history;^-, present condition. 7. HezekiaWs beginning against idolatry, 2 Kings xviii. 1-8: a. did right as David; b. removed high places; c. brake obelisks; d. cut down Asherah; e. brake in pieces Moses' serpent. 8. Hezekiahs reform in the temple service, 2 Chron. xxix: a. opened doors of house of Jehovah; b. priests sanctify themselves; c. house of Jehovah cleansed and sanctified; d. solemn sacrifices with music of David and Asaph; e. burnt offerings, priests helped by Levites; f. great rejoicing. 9. HezekiaWs political prosperity : a. rebelled JUDAH ALONE. 131 against Assyria; b. conquered Philistines; c. in favor with Egypt. 10. Observance of the passover , 2 Chron. xxx xxxi. i: a. its last observance previous to this; b. call by letters to all from Dan to Beer- sheba; c. response by Asher, Zebulon and Manasseh; d. unclean of Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar and Zebulon eat the passover (vs. 1 9) ; e. passover observed fourteen days; f. gifts of Hezekiah and princes; g. assembly destroys idolatry out of the land. 1 1 . Provisions for continuous temple worship, 2 Chron. xxxi. 2-19: a. courses of Levites; b. the king's portion; c. Levite's portion in Jerusalem; d. tithes renewed; e. surplus pro- vided for. 12. Hezekiah 's great prosperity why? 2 Chron. xxxi. 20, 21. 13. Contemporaneous history: 3> 5; ^.schools, Ezra viii. 15-20. 10. Literary activity in the exile: a. Jeremiah's THE EXILE. 151 later prophecies, given in Egypt; b. Ezekiel's (595-572 B. c.) wonderfully logical and forci ble prophecies; c. Ezra's collection and editing of texts; d. establishment of schools, formu- lating of lengthy traditions, etc. 11. Daniel in Babylon: #. trained in the court; b. employed in the court; c. interprets Nebu- kadrezzar's dream, Dan. i. 16-21; ii. 1-49. 12. Contemporaneous history of Babylon. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. v. chap. 20; vi. chaps, u and 13. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 12. sees. 3 and 4. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 41. Daniel, His Life and Times, Men of the Bible. Cun. Inscrip. and Old Test. vol. ii. pp. 124-136. Old and New Test. Student, July and Aug. 1889. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 26. TWELFTH PERIOD. THE RETURN. FALL OF BABYLON TO CLOSE OF OLD TESTAMENT. THE FALL OF BABYLON. B. C. 537. 1. Its prediction, by whom and when? a. Isaiah, chaps, xiii., xiv; xxi. 9, 10; xli. 1-7, etc.; b. Jeremiah, xxv. 12; xxviii. 4, u; 1., li; c. Ezekiel, xxxvii. 1 5 ; xxxiv. 39. 2. Its location, size, importance. 3. Kings of Babylon since Nebtikadrezzar : a. names; b. right to the throne; c. character and length of reign; d. chief events of each reign. 4. Rise vf the Persian and Elamite powers: a. Cy- rus' ancestry; b. his first conquests in the East; c. his advances to the North. 5. Cyrus' conquests in the West: a. extent ; b. methods; c. kind of sovereignty established. 6. Cyrus* conquests in the region of Babylon : a. reason of approach; b. policy; c. success. 7. Belshazzar's feast: a. king at this time; b. Bel- shazzar's office; c. kind of feast; d, doings of the banqueters; e. writing on the wall; /. Daniel. '52 THE RETURN. 153 8. Capture of Babylon: a. last point to be taken; b. easy entrance and capture; c. Daniel's po- sition. 9. Significance to civilization: a. end of Semitic sway and Oriental history; b. beginning of classical history; c. beginning of religious liberty; d. emancipation of Jewish exiles. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. (12, 14, i on the pro- phets) 1 6. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 12. sec. 5. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 42. Daniel, His Life and Times, Men of the Bible. Old and New Test. Student, July and Aug. 1889. Transactions of Society of Biblical Archaeology, vol. vii. pp. 139-176. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 26. $75. THE FIRST RETURN. B. C. 536. Chron. xxxvi. 22,23; Ezra i iii; cf. Pss. xcvii. xcix., cxv., cxxvi. 1. Edict of Cyrus: a. substance of it; b. motive in Cyrus' mind; c. Cyrus a monotheist or polytheist? d. political significance. 2. Assistance given the pilgrims: a. by command of Cyrus; b. only freewill offerings; c. vessels of the old temple at Jerusalem 5, 400 in number. 154 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Classes of those who returned: a. 42,360 Jews; b- 7,337 slaves 200 of them singers; c. of 24 courses of priests, four returned, consist- ing of 4,000 persons; d. 74 Levites. NOTE Were there representatives of all the tribes? 4. The caravan: a. accompanied by 1000 cavalry, according to tradition; c. four months on the way. 5. Spirit of the return; cf. Isa. xl., xlviii. 20, 21; Dan. ix. 20; Ps. cxxxvii: a. religious im- pulse; b. national pride; c. local attractions Jerusalem. 6. Possessors of Palestine at their arrival; a. under Persian rule: b. occupied by some Jews; c. Samaritan peoples. 7. Zerubbabels leadership: a. ancestry; b. zeal; c. power as leader; d. religious character. 8. Steps toward rebuilding' the temple: a. collec- tions; b. arrangements with Tyre for timber; c. unanimity of interest. 9. Re-institution of the rites of worship, Ps. cxv. 10. Laying of the corner-stone of the second temple, Ps. Ixxxvii., cvi., cvii., cxviii., cxx-cxxxiv., cxxxvi: a. Levites' part in it; b. joy of young men, sorrow of old men. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 17. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 13, sees. I and 2. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 43, first half. Old and New Test. Student, Sept. 1890. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 27. THE RETURN. 155 $76. BUILDING OF THE SECOND TEMPLE. Ezra iv vi; Haggai and Zechariah." 1 . Delay of fifteen years, caused by the Samaritans: a. ground of opposition; b. means of stop- . ping the work. 2. Condition of the colony at end of fifteen years: a. small crops, frequent droughts; b. living in ceiled houses, neglectful of house of Je- hovah. 3. HaggaVs work in changing the order of affairs: a. rebuked the people; b. encouraged them to build the temple; c. gave promise of greater glory here than in the first temple; d. char- acter of Haggai's book. 4. Cyrus 1 edict renewed by Darius II: a. letter to Darius ; b. edict of Cyrus found in the records ; c. re-issued and Jews strengthened by help of the governor; d. time of this event. 5. Zechariah 's work in iirging on tJie building of the temple: a. affirms a new beginning; b. foretells great success and glory; c. does it mainly by visions ; d. character of Zechariah 's book. 6. Finishing the second temple: a. time, Ezra vi. 15; b. joy at the dedication; c. extensive sac- rifices; d. as written in the book of Moses. 7. Contemporaneous Persian history, 537-5 15 B C.: a. Cyrus, 558-529; b. Cambyses, 529-522; 156 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. c. false Smerdis, 8 or 9 months; d. Darius (II.) Hystaspes, 521-486. 8. Other contemporaneous history: a. battle of Marathon, 490 B. c. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. 17 in part, and 18. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 43, second half.' Wright, Zechariah and his Prophecies. Haggai and Zechariah, Cambridge Bible. Farrar, Minor Prophets, Men of the Bible. Dods, in The Expositor, 1886. Old and New Test. Student, Sept. 1889. Price, Syllabus of the Minor Prophets, pp. 18, 19. Smith, Old Test. History, chap. 27. $77. QUEEN ESTHER. Esther i-x. 1. Authorship: Give various views. 2. Time and place of composition: a. about 478 B. c. ; b. in Susa these answers are only probable. 3. Persian empire: #. extent; b. power; c. capital; d. contemporaneous history. 4. Susa: a. location; b. size; c. as excavated to- day. 5. Special festival in session : a. time of year; b. guests; c. sumptuousness; d. length; e. ob- ject. 6. Events leading to the choice of Esther as queen: a. THE RETURN. 157 banquet of servants; b. king's demand of Vashti; c. her refusal and deposition; d. gathering of maidens; e. choice of Esther; f. Mordecai's scheme. 7. Hamans hatred of Jews and edict against them: a. cause; #. means of revenge; c. distribution and number of Jews in the empire; d. effect of this edict on them. 8. Mordecai's scheme and victory: a. Esther's in- tercession; b. Mordecai's promotion; c. Ha- man's death; d. conflict of the Jews; e. com- memoration of the event Purim. 9. Esther as a plot or play. 10. Object of this book: a. give an insight into the distribution and power of the Jewsat thattime; b. describe the origin of the feast of Purim. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 19. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 13, sec. 3. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 45 in part. Old and New Test. Student, Oct. 1889. Book of Esther and Palace of Ahasuerus, Biblio- theca Sacra, Oct. 1889. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Esther. $78. SECOND RETURN. UNDER EZRA. Ezra vii x. I . Persian history from completion of the second 158 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. temple to Ezra, 517-458 B. c.: a. Darius II, 521-486; b. Xerxes, 486-465 ; c. Artaxerxes, 465-425. 2. Preliminary preparations for a journey to Jeru- salem: a. decree of Artaxerxes; b. assem- bling at the river Ahava; c. search for Levites; d. fast; e. amount of precious metal; f. pre- pared for the journey. 3. Journey and arrival: a. time on the way; b. safety under way; c. arrival and rest; ^.of- ferings; e. commissions delivered to Persian officers. 4. Ezra's sorrow and prayer: a. trespass in case of mixed marriages; b. Ezra's grief; c. sub- stance of Ezra's prayer. 5. Ezra's victory : a. assembly of people; b. oath to put away strange wives and children ; c. penalty for the one who should disregard this ; d. time needed for the divorcement cases. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 20 in part. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 13, sec. 4. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 44 in part. Old and New Test. Student, Oct. Dec. 1889. 79. THE THIRD RETURN. NEHEMIAH. Nehemiah i xiii. Other Scripture same as 78. i. Nehemiah at Susa: a. his position; b. relation to Mordecai; c. influence with the king; d. THE RETURN. 159 means of bringing about his permission to go to Jerusalem. 2. Return and attendants: a. accompanied by cav- alry; b. brought letters to governors in the west; c. enemies of Israel grieved. 3. Walls of Jerusalem: a. explored by night; b. scorn of Sanballat and company; c. orderly building of the walls and gates; d. completed in fifty-two days; e. dedication, chap. xii. 27 sq. 4. Opposition of Sanballat and company: a. men of Israel watch and pray; b. half-armed for work, half for fight; c. builders armed for defense; d. people relieved for work by abol- ishing usury and restoring mortgaged prop- erty. 5. Sanballat 's provocation: a. challenge to Nehe- miah; b. the latter's wise retort; c. attempted intimidation of Nehemiah; d. challenge to meet in the temple. 6. Reforms of Ezra and Nehemiah: a. regular reading of the law of Moses; b. dwelling in booths at the great feasts; c. observance of the Sabbath ; d. regular service of the temple 7. Prayer of praise, chap. 9: analyze it. 8. Nehemiah' s return to Susa, and second journey to Jerusalem: a Tobiah's offence; . appoint- ment of new officers; c. Sabbath breaking; d. mixed marriages. 160 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 9. Other work of Ezra and Nehemiah: a. collect- ing sacred books; b. interpreting sacred books; c. teaching students of the law; d, originating synagogue worship. NOTE. Idolatry not discoverable after the exile. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 20. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 13, sec. 5. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 44. Old and New Testament Student, Jan., Feb. 1890. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Nehemiah. $80. GENERAL REVIEW. 1. Describe the Old Testament world. 2. Describe Palestine in detail. 3. Give the kinds of Literature, the Books, and the number of chapters in each book, in the Old Testament. 4. Give the twelve periods of Old Testament His- tory, with their dates. 5. Give the sections in the first two periods the introduction to the history of Israel. 6. Give the sections in the next three periods finishing the Pentateuch. REVIEW. 161 7. Give the sections in the periods of the Conquest and Judges. 8. Give the sections in the period of the Kingdom. 9. Give the sections in the Dual Kingdom period. 10. Give the sections in the period of Judah Alone. 11. Give the sections in the last two periods of Old Testament History. 12. Try to think through each period, naming to yourself each section from beginning to end. X Q W PH g t f J I * :1 1 1 1 * I si ^ J2 U! IS "*S I ! H * S A J -B-Jt It n "* u a 8 ls o w* o ^ " E - a "rt *! *S *o * ****** r* _*: - " Ji "S rt g- 2 < ^ s Q 1 w !^ ]| II V .M l 11 So rt "" rt 'C a S d n ui rt *a s 5J c ^ -it Q8< S SN IN^ ^ 162 >> .2 ^ ^ ^X g w "^ 'o -j, S th *_, c o "Q cj rZ oo U* .? 1" IS iS'o "S 1- i ^^^22- ^ "s S.s ^ . 1 i& g-S a 2< a A I i i a v 4-T-S rt JO .2 s :", aii S 1 aJ 1 s i x 1 ^ -s ^ -O J3 G "g "S S 3 "2 ? J 1"S II c J2 . rt "<3 rt *> * Cp S JJ W: 3 8 t^1-9- JJS iliill ^1 lll|l|1I| NC-'JPQ< 6 tj-cQ [i,';2i?fi<; H :; ii?iJ ^ ill J11I1 ^ |! ^as?^ HI - w ^>0 ^ 00 7 2 J . j 1 s 1 2 A 3 o s & i -s 52 i ^ w g. "u f^ J3 E ^3 ^ rt O ^ i ^ ^ *fl S c .t: . ^ -a ^sa'-g c c iC* 1 & 1 | J ||| T3 "Trs CJ C *- V C .S ^'5 "S .2 2QW u - g j: '-""o M~a .iljl a i|j| s ll^llslls S b V? -O Oi ^ M Crtrt-g li-slg K&l- ^ i|g||rf2S ^l^^2 s- UsIiiJd w?^ II Illilllll! 4 ^> vd . 0, CO ,- g g. ON 00 00 OO 8, o, o, S, W 00 VO OO OO OO 163 ui ~jfg 53 "S _,* ig 1 ||I7 !" M s ! Hj rt >> i l-ssl Ta "2 ^s || & >,3 W c >, H c rt E i t" rt'C | a IIJIJ S3 W ffi tf J 1 6 ^ O! H 4) ,C rt rt rt .H 1 ^ * w 5 ^ 1 w C ic p 1 ..2 Jg jj rt T3 o -2 S'E _ J: C 43 rt C -J 3 O | 5r 33 X, 1 JS 1 3 2 S 1 ISRAEL. ?2 f 4 , 5 11 Jltl. ri ill till] 11* -22.5 | |ls2 |i 01,3 . < RS J^< 5 2d year. Three victories over i5th year, defeats J Takes Jerusalem. 13. Jeroboam II (41). Restored all former of Israel. Mightiest king of I: 2jth year. (Supposed interrei eleven years 14. Zachariah (6 mo.). Slain by usurper. 15. Shallum (i mo.) Slain by 16. Menahem (10)- Tributary to Pul of < a -g 4j 43 'a 'i d rt *" 10 1 TJ -S -S o w w V a 1 U i "-> N N * N N H i 6 ^ ^"u >> X. C 43 CO So v " 43 62 s-S .s l-s rt r i C ./ y P JUDAH. ii ii!i ^^ -SS.I 2 ^ -2l ^i 1 Hi I Bjlllll ;= S'S'^^w *O S rtJS 6*5 rt ^4?rt ??Q2ffiJSx^ 5f5 8. Amaziah (zg). Defeats Edom. Adopts its idolatry. Defies Israel. Defeated by Jehoash rael. Jerusalem plu and walls broken down i5th year. Decline. Amaziah si; servants in Lachish. 9. Uzziah (52) or Azariah(( Restored Tudah's bou all sides. Fortified his possession; 38th year. Judah' s prosperity grea 39th year. Uzziah's sa and leprosy. Jotham his son regent. 00 \O M % VO 10 O ro N 5 OO 00 OO 00 00 eg K >S r. ^ ^. S s v rt OO* OO ^ so 164 >, " . .S S u ' >^5 1 1 c 5 ^ ?T 1.2. ^ 3^ i'c o o* o J2 'S S^ rt c 7 s " j > a sg w rt t" 1 |l Q C/3 w S "8 S ^ 111^1 V 11 C B 2 .SP u 9 6 - | If * 1 f .2 11 II S | '1 Ijjll ^ 1 '? I gl-12 .S s ' Li III <" S. 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' 1 O Q X < Q 13 vi C s V *.n a -'C ^ J r! 1 WN s 31 a rt ** 2 V .s _c.5 en Jews return under Zerubba according to edict of Cyrt Corner-stone of the temple 1 Samaritans' opposition delay work. Prophets stir up the peopl build the temple. Work resumed. Temple dedicated. Events of Esther. Second return under Ezra. Reforms, social and religious Nehemiah takes charge of J in Palestine. Builds walls of Jerusalem. Law is read. Sanballat's opposition. Second coming of Nehemial Reforms of Ezra and Nehem 8 \r> 5 t- 00 in oo tx AGON, god of Philistia, 79 Bethlehem, 83, 147 Damascus. 29 Beth-shemesh, 79 D an> ^ territory of, 68; 70, 131 Bible, books of the, 21 Daniel, in Babylon, 1502 Birs-Nimroud, 38 Dariu s (II) Hystaspes, 156, 158 Boaz, 70, 78, 101 Dathan and Abiram, 58 Bondage, period of, 24, 48-50 David's career, 82-96 Books of the Bible, 21 Dead Sea, 14 " Old Testament, 21 Deborah, Rebekah's nurse, 46 " and chapters in O. T., 21-2 " prophetess, 73; song, 74 Botany of Palestine, 15 Delilah, 77 Brooks of Palestine, 14 Deluge, cause, time, duration, universal- ity, object, traditions of, 34-35 (JAIN, 31-2 Dial of Ahaz, 133 Caleb, 67 Dinah, 45 Calf, golden, 55 Dispersion, tower of Babel and the, 37 PROPER NAMES AND TOPICS. 183 Division of the kingdom, 103 Etam, 77 Divisions, political, of Palestine, 17 Etham, 51 Doeg, Edomite, 86 Ethiopians, war with Asa, 106, 132 Dothan, siege of, in Euphrates, river, 37 Drunkenness, first, 36 Eve, Adam and, 29, 30 Dual kingdom, period of the, 25 Exile, period of, 25, 145-151; Babylonian, I 49-5 I m _ __ Exiles, classes of, condition of, 150; num- EASTERN SEA, 14 ^ ^^ ^ Ebal, Mt., 62, 64 Exodus, 50-1 Ebenezer, 81 Ezekiel, prophet, 150-2 Eden, garden of, 29 Ezion Geber, 59 Edict of Cyrus, 153; renewed by Darius Ezra, scribe, 150-60 H. J 55 Edom, 58, 85, 92, 97, 147 pALL, TEMPTATION and, 30-31 Edomites, revolt, 119 Eglon, king of Moab, 72 l <* Babylon, 141 Egypt, Abraham's sojourn in, 40; Jacob's Jerusalem, 141 appeal to, 47; settlement in, 48; re- " Samaria, 129-32 ligion of, 49; Solomon's commerce ** easts 55 with, 98; flight of the remnant to, Flaming Sword, 31 148; Ezekiel's prophecy concerning Foods Prohibited and permitted, 56 fate of, 148 fiAD, ALLOTMENT to, 60 thud, second judge, 72, 73 Ekron, Philistine city, 79 Gad the seer, 87 Elah, king of Israel, 107 Galilee, 12 Elam, country, 37 Galilee, sea of, 14 Elamite powers, rise of Persian and, 152 Gath, 79, 87, 122 Elath restored, 124 Gaza, 65, 77 Eleazar, priest, 60 Geba, 84 Eli and fall of Shiloh, 78-80 Gedaliah, governor in Palestine, 147 Eliakim (Jehoiakim), 140 Gehazi, 116 Eliezer, prophet, 112 * Genesis I-II. 3, object of, 28; beginnings Elijah, prophet, 109-10, 115-16 n, 28; and geology, 27 Elim, in wilderness, 52-3 Geology of Palestine, 15 Elon, eleventh judge, 76 Gerar, Isaac in, 54 Emancipation of Jewish slaves, 153 Genzim, 62, 138 Embassies to Babylon, 143 Geshur, 44 Endor, witch of, 83, 87 Gibbethon, Philistine fortress, 107 Engedi, 87; Jehoshaphat's victory at, 113 Gibeon's deceit, 64, 65 Enoch, book of, 33 Gibeonites, 66, 95 Entanglements with Egypt, Zedekiah's, Gideon, fifth judge, 74 J 43 Gilboa, Mt.,i8, 87 Ephraim, territory of, 68, 131 Gilead) i$ 45 Esar-haddon, king of Assyria, 136 Gi , gal> ^ g g EUjah Ji6 . h-sau and Jacob, 44 at. 117 Esdraelon, plain of 12 Goliath, 86, 89 Esther, 78; story and book, 156-7 Goshen, land of, 48 184 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Gozan, 130 Greece, in Europe, 36 Gur-baal, Arabian city, 124 JJABAKKUK, PROPHET, 141 Habor, 130 Hachilah, 87 Hadadezer of Zobah, 92 Hagar, story of, 42 Haggai, prophet, 155 Halah, 130 Ham and descendants, 37 Haman, the Agagite, 157 Hamath, 37 Hanani the seer, 106, 114 Hannah, 78, 80 Haran, 37, 40, 41, 45 Hauran, 15 Hazael of Syria, 120, 121 Hazeroth, 57 , Hazor, 18, 66 Hebrew poetry, 32 Hebron, 18, 65, 66, 68, 90 Hejaz, 37 Heman, 83, 92 Hertth, forest of, 87 Heshbon, 18, 59 JBZAN, TENTH JUDGE, 76 Institutions during the exile, 150-1 Isaac, sacrifice of, career of, 43 Isaiah, prophet, 128; to Hezekiah, 145, 149 Ish-bosheth, pi Ishmael, birth of, 42 Ishmael, seed-royal, murderer of Geda- liah, 147 Israel, Jacob named, 45 Israel, introduction to, history of, Gen. i xi. 9 Issachar, territory of, 68, 131 Ittai, 94 JABESH, 87 Jachin, pillar, 101 Jacob's wanderings, 45-46 Jacob and Esau, 44 Jahaziel, prophet, 113 Jair, eighth judge, 76 Japheth's part in Shem's God, 36 Jashar, book of, 65, 90 Jebu', conquest of, 90 Jebusites, 20 Jeduthun, 92 Jehoahaz, king of Israel, 121 " " Judah, 140 Jehoiachin, king of Judah, 20, 142, 149 Hezekiah.king of Judah, 102,129-134, *45 Jehoiada, high priest, 121 High places, 112, 136; in Samaria, Sim- j ehoiakini) king o f Judah, 20, 140-1, 145, eon, Naphtali, 138 149 Hinnom, valley of, 136 Jehonadab, son of Rechab, 120 Hiram of Tyre, 91 Jehoram, king of Judah, 20, 116, 119 Hittites, 37, 44, 97 Jehoram, son of Ahab, king of Israel, Holy of holies, 55 TT , Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, no, 112-13 Holy Land, 12 I45 r Hophra, king of Egypt, 143 Jehu, son of Hanani, prophet, 112 Hor, Mt, 58 Jehu, king of Israel, 117, 120 Horeb, Mt., Moses in, 53; Elijah at, 115 Jephthah, ninth judge, 76 Horses, first use of, 66 Hoshea, king of Israel, 126, 129 Host of heaven worshipped, 136 Huldah, prophetess, 139, 145 Hur, Aaron and, 55 Hushai, 94 Hystaspes, Darius (II), 156 Jeremiah, prophet, 139 Jeiicho, 14, 18; destruction of, 64; Elijah at, 116; school at, 117 Jeroboam I, king of Israel, 103-6, 138 II, " " 123 Jerusalem, 18; names, location, 19; his- tory of, 20; ownership, 68; 78; de- PROPER NAMES AND TOPICS. 185 struction, 136; captivity, 142; five Languages, origin of different, 38 captivities of, by Nebukadrezzar, 146; Law found in the temple, 138 walls rebuilt, 159 Leah and Rachel, 45 Jesse, father of David, 82 Lebanon, 12, 37 Jethro, father-in-law to Moses, 49, 54 Levites, work of, 57 Jews slain at Mizpah, 147 Liberty, beginning of religious, 153 Jezebel, Ahab's wife, 109-10; slain, 120; Libnah, 65; revolt of, ug cf. 136 Longevity of the ante-diluvians, 33 Jezreel, Ahaziah of Judah at, 120 L ot an( j Abraham, 40, 41 Joab, David's general, 91, 96 " an d destruction of Sodom, 42 Joash of Israel, 20, 102, 122 L U( ^ Lydians, 37 " Judah, 121 ; law at coronation of ' I38 ItfACPELAH, CAVE of, 43 Johanan, of remnant in Palestine, 147 -"*- Jonah's message to Jeroboam II, 123 Mahanaim, city or camp, 18,91, 94 Jonathan, 84-6 Makkedah , Canaanitish city, 65 Joppa, city, 18 Mamre, oaks of, 41 Jordan, river, 13-4 Man, creation of, 27-9; antiquity of, 29 Joseph sold in Egypt, 46; imprisoned andManasseh, tribe, 60; king of Judah, 102; promoted, 47; bones buried, 70 131: career of,i35-6; altars of.removed Joshua, 53, 63 138, MS Josiah, king of Judah, 102; career of, Manna, food, 53 137-9 Manoah, 76 Jotham, king of Judah, 126-7 Maon, 87 Jubilee year, 57 Marah, waters of, 53 Judah, sin of, 45; territory of, 68 Marathon, battle of, 156 Judah alone, period of, 25. March to the sea, 51; to Sinai, 53 Judea, 12 Marriages, mixed, condemned, 158-9 Judges, period of, 25, 72-83 Mattaniah, see Zedekiah. Medes, captives of Israel with the, 130 J^ADESH BARKEA, 58, 65 Mediterranean sea, 12, 14, 37 Kadesh, wilderness of, 61 Melchi-shua, son of Saul, 88 Karkar, no Melchizekek, 41 Kibroth-Hataavah, 57 Menahem, king of Israel, 126, 128 Keilah, 87 Menzaleh, lake, 52 Kingdom, period of the, 25, 84-102 Mephibosheth, of Saul, 94 " '* " dual, 25, 103 128 Merari, 92 Kings of the east, invasion by, 41 Merib-baal, son of Saul, 88 Kirjath-jearim, 80, 91 Merodach-Baladan king of Babylon, 133 Korah, and his host, 58; 92 Merom, lake, 14, 66 Mesha, king of Moab, 109, 113 J^ABAN AND JACOB, 45 Mesopotamia, 37; invasion by kings of, 72 Lachish, 65 Micah, prophet, 70, 128; to Judah, 149 Laish, 79 Micaiah, prophet, no Lakes of Palestine, 14 Michal, 86 Lamech's song and the origin of the arts, Michmash, 84 - Midian, 49 186 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Midianite oppression, 74 Omri, king of Israel, 109; house of Omri Migdol, 52 extirpated, 120 Miriam, Moses' sister, 52, 57 Oppression, first Philistine, 73; Moabite, Mizpah, 147 72; Canaanite, 73; Midianite, 74 Mizpeh, 71, 76, 80, 81, 83, 87 Oriental history, end of, 153 Mizraim (Egypt), 57 Oman, 95 Moab, 72, 85, 147 Orpah, 77 Moloch, 127 Othniel, first judge, 77 Mordecai, 157 Outfit for Old Testament study, 23 Moriah, Mt., 43, 100 Moses' training, 49; appeal to Pharaoh, pADDAN-ARAM, 44 49, 50; leadership of Israel, 50-62 Palestine, geography, 11-15; name, 12; Murder, first, 32 plains, 13; lakes, 14; sea, brooks, 14; political divisions, 17; possessors of, JJ AAMAH, 97 ftt return Qf exi , es> ^ Naaman the Syrian, 116 Paran, wilderness, 58 Nabal, 89 Passover established, 51; observed, 57, Naboth, 70, no T ^g Nadab, king of Israel, 107 Patriarchal period, 40-47; political divis- Nahor, 4^ i ons i Dj 1? Nahum, 139 Pekah, king of Israel, 126, 128 Naioth, 86 Pekahiah, king of Israel, 126 Naphtali, territory of, 68 Penuel, Jacob at, 45 Nathan, the prophet, 92, 93 Peor, 59 Natural History of Palestine, 15 Periods of time in Bible, 24 Nazarite, 57, 77, 80 Periods of Old Testament History, 24-25 Nebukadrezzar, 20, 102; at Jerusalem, i43Persian and Elamite powers, rise of, 152 Nebuzaradan's destruction of Jerusalem, Pharaoh and Abraham, 40; and Jacob, J 46 48; and Moses, 42-62.;' Necho, expedition through Palestine, 139 Philistia, 12 Nehemiah, 20; third return under, 158-60 Philistines, plunder Jerusalem, 20; 43, 95 New Testament period, political divis- Phoenicia, 12 ions in, 17 Pi-hahiroth, 52 Nimrod, 27 Pisgah, 59, 62 Ncah's prophecy, 35 Plagues in Egypt, 50, 51 Nob, 86 Plains of Palestine, 14 North pole, Eden at, 29 Polygamy, first, 32 QBADIAH, AHAB'S servant, 109 P st - diluvian P e od - 2 4, 34-39 \f Potiphar, 47 Obed-edom, 91 Prediction, first, by man, 36 ^ , f S r 1 " f' A ' 3 - i Pr P hets ' schools of the 82 Oded, father of Azanah, 106 p ul> see Tiglath-pileser. Oded, a prophet ro Israel, X 2 7 Punishment of serpent, Adam and Eve, Offerings, significance of the, 56 Og, king of Bashan, 59. 61 Punishment, capital, established, 35 Old Testament world, ro Purification, laws of, 56 books of, 21 Purim, feast of, 157 history, periods of, 24-25 p ur ity of atmosphere in Palestine, *6 PROPER NAMES AND TOPICS. 187 Put, or Punt, 37 Sanballat's opposition to Nehemiah, 159 QUAILS, SURFEIT of. 57 f^' ^ ' ^"^ 43 - lol Sargon, king of Assyria, 129; invasion of, Queen of Sheba, 99 132 Saul's career; 81-8 J ABB AH, 92 Schools of the sons of the prophets, 117 Rachel and Leah, 45 Sea of Palestine, 14 Racial affinity, scientific evidences of, 37 Seasons of Palestine, 16 Rahab, 63, 64 Semitic sway, end of, 153 Rain in Palestine, 16 Sennacherib, king of Assyria, 132; inva- Ramah, 81, 83, 106; school at, 117 sion of ' *34 Rameses to Succoth, 51 Serpent, 30; Moses', destroyed, 130 Ramoth Gilead, 18, no, 112 Seth > descendants of, 323 Rebekah, finding of, 43 Settlement of the tribes, 67 Rechab, 120 Seventh day, 27 Red Sea to Arnon, 59 Shallum, king of Israel, 124-6 Reforms of Ezra and Nehemiah, 159 Shalmaneser II, no Refuge, cities of, 60; east of Jordan, 61 IV > I2 9 Regal period, political divisions in, 17 Shamgar, third judge, 73 Rehoboam, 20, 97, 102; career of, 103-4 Shamir 75 Remnants in Palestine, and Egypt, 147-9 Sharon I2 Rephidim, 53 Sheba > son of Bichri 45 Resto ation, period of, 25, 152,60 Shechem, 18; first altar in Canaan at, 40 Return, first, 153-4; second, under Ezra, J acob at > 45= 68, 70, 74; Rehoboam at 137-8; third, Nehemiah, 158-60 IO3 I4 7 Reuben, Gad and half-tribe of Manas- Shemaiah, prophet, 105 seh} yo Shem's future, 36 Review, general, 160-1 " descendants, 37, 40 Rezin of Syria leagued with Pekah Shibboleth, 76 against Ahaz, 126 Shiloh, 68, 79, 80, 82, 109 Riblah, Zedekiah condemned at, 146 Shimei 94, 96 Roll cut byjehoiakim, 141 Shinar, 37, 38 Ruth, 70, 77, 78 Shishak, 20; 102 Shunem, 87; Elisha at, 116 gABBATH,ORIGIN and significance Shur, 53 of, 28; desecration, 159 Shushan, 37 Sabbatical year, 57 Sie e e of Jerusalem, 146 Sacrince, 35 ; human, inJO Id Testament 4 . > S ! hon ' kin S of Amorites, 59 Salt Sea, 14 Simeon, tribe, 68 Samaria, 12, 18, 68; Elisha at, 116; be- Sin wilderness of - 53 sieged by Syrians, 117; fall of, 129 Sm of Adam and Eve > 3 S q Sinai, march to, 53; doings at in Exodus, Samaritans, origin of, 130; delayed tem- 54: to the Arnon - 57 pie building, 154-5 SlSCra ' 73 Samson, thirteenth judge, 76 Smerdis false - X 5 6 Samuel's career, 80-3 S ' kin ^ of *&&> "9 188 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Sodom, fate of, 42 Tower of Babel, 38 Sodomites removed, 106, 138 Tribal period, political divisions in, 17 Sojourn in Egypt, 49 Tribes, settlement of, in Canaar, 67 Solomon's ca-eer, 95-9; high places of Tyie, 18, 154 Solomon. 138; 145 Solomon's temple, 99*0. TJ K OF THE CHALDEES, 40, 41 Song of Moses, 62 Urijah, prophet, 141 Sons of God and daughters of men, 34 Urim, 87 South country, 12, 15, 40, 65 Uzzah, 91 Spies' work, 58 Uzziah, king of Judah, 124, 125, 128 Succoth, 51 V A SHTI, queen of Persia, 157 Sun, images, 138; horses and chariots ot the, 138 ^jyADIES OF PALESTINE, 14 Sun standing still, 65 Wall> writing on thCj I52 Susa, 156, 158 Walls O f j crusa iem rebuilt, 159 Sword, naming, 31 Wandeiings, period of, 24, 51-62 Synagogue, origin of, 160 War> dvil> ^ Syria, upper, 37 Wars of j e hovah, book of, 59 Syrians, 92 why study o T History? 5-9 Wilderness, 53; of Sin, 53; of Paran, 58 57 Winds of Palestine( l6 Tabernacle, 55, 100 VEKXES (Ahasuerus), 158 Table of nations, 36 Tabor, Mt., 71 Y^AJ^S* sabbatical and jubilee, 57 Tahpahnes, Jeremiah at, 148 Tarshish, ships of, 98, 112 ZAREPHATH, Elijah at, ,,5 Temperature of Palestine, 16 Zachariah, son of Jeroboam II, king of Temple, Solomon's, 99-102; repaired,^; Israel, 124 corner-stone of second, 154; building Zebulon, territory of, 68; 131 of second, 155-6 Zechariah, prophet stoned by Joash of Temptation and fall, 30-1 Judah, 12 c Thebez, 75 Zechariah, prophet under Uzziah of Ju- Tibni and Omri, 108* dah, 124 Tiglath-pireser, 126, 129 Zechariah, prophet, contemporary of Tigris, river, 37 Haggai, 155 Time, periods of, covered by the Bible, Zedekiah, 20, 142-3, 145 24 Zephaniah, 139 Time, periods of, between Adam and the Zerubbabel, leader of returning exiles, deluge, 33 i54 Timnath-Serah, 69 Ziba, 94 Tiphsah smitten, 126 Ziklag, 89 Tirzah, capital of Israel, 107 Zimri, 7-day-king of Israel, 107 Tobiah, the Ammonite, 159 Zin, wilderness of, 58 Toi of Hamath, 92 Ziph, wilderness of, 87 Tola, seventh judge, 75 Zobah, 85 Tophet, 136, 138 Zoology of Palestine, 15 INDEX OF SCRIPTURE TEXTS. PAGES. GENESIS iii. 3 27 ii. 4-25 29 Hi 30 iv-3.4 9 v 33 vi. viii. 14..... 34 viii. 15 ix. 29 35 viii. 20 99 i*-5 3 1 x 36,37 xi. 1-9 32 xi. 10-32 33 xi. 10 xiii. 18 40 xii. 6-8 99 xii. 24,25 99 xiv. 3 14 xiv. 1-7, 18-20 41 xv. r xxi. 21 42 xvii. 10-14 63 xix. 37, 38 85 xxii. i, 2, 14 loo PAGES. xlvi 1 48 xlix. 17 30 EXODUS i. 8 vii. 13 vii. 14 x. 29 49 50 133 ix. 9 sq.._ xi xiv. 14 -.... 51 xiv. 15 xv. 21 52 xv. 22 xviii. 27 53 xviii xix ............. 54 xx. 3-4 101 xx -24, 25 99 xxi xxiii 61 xxii xxxii 55 xxiii xxiv........ 56 xxv. 8. 100 xxv. 10-22 101 xxv. 17-22 31 xxv xl 100 xxvii. 9-18 . 100 xxix. 42-45, loo xxxv xl 55 xxii xxiv 43 xxv - xxvii 44 LEVITICUS i. 1-5 ... . ,91 xxv ;.7 33 i_ xxii 56 xxviu. io xxxiv. 31 45 xxviii. 18-22 99 xxxv. 1-3, 6, 14, 15 99 XXXV. 1-20 46 xxxv. 23-26 45NUMBERS i iv 57 xxxv. 28, 29 44 iii. 26-31 91 xxxvii xl 46 iv. 5, 15, 19, 20 91 xii xiv 47 vi ix 57 189 xiii. 8 132 x *v 57 xxvi. 11-12 - 101 190 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. PAGES. x. ii xii. 16 57 xxiii xxiv. 30 69 xiii xiv. 38 xxiv. 2, 147 . 40 xvi 56 xxiv. 32 70 xvi xviii 58 JUDGES i 70 xx xxi. 3 58 ii. 6-10 69 xxi. 4 xxiv. 25 59 ii iii. 30 72 xxv xxvii. ii 60 iii. 31 - 73 xxxi xxxii 60 iii. 19-26 63 xxxii. 1-38 67 v. 20 65 xxxiv. ii 14 vi ix 74 xxxv 60 vi. 27, 36 133 DEUTERONOMY i. 26. .. 61 x. 3 xvi. 31 75 ... 76 .. 14 xiv vu. 1-5 .. 67 xvii xviii xxi. 8-14 xix xxi .... 71 xiii. 6-9 .. 101 RUTHi ... 77 xxi. 23 .. 6s 11 IV .... 78 XXVll XXXIV .. 62 iv. 18-22 ... 78 xxriii. 25, 52-68 xxviii. 27 , 133 i SAMUEL i. 9, 14-27. i. 9 .... 78 100 JOSHUA i v 61 80 v-7 - .. 14 ii. 12-17, 21-25 .... 78 vi ix. 27 .. 64 . 27 36 .... 78 vii. 6 .. 80 34 - 133 Vlll. I ., 34 iii.3 100 -- 55 iii. 11-18 .... 79 XI Xll , 66 iv. 1-18 .... 79 xii. 3 .. 14 V. I Vll. 2 .. .... 79 .. 67 vii. 10 .... 65 xni. 27 .. 14 vii. 3-14" .... 80 .. 67 Vll. 12 Vlll 22 .... 81 xv xix , .. 68 .... 84 .. 67 ix. i xi. 13 .... 81 .. 68 x. 25 .... 83 xxn. 10 .. 27 xi ..85,88 SCRIPTURE TEXTS. 191 PAGES. PAGES. xii 81 2 SAMUEL i. 18-27 90 xiii 88 i ". 4 9 xiii. 8-15 82 "vi 91 xiii-xiv. 4 6 84 vi.i-12 100 xiv 85 v"- 1 -^ ioo xiv. 47-48.. 85,88 vii ~ xi - 1 92 xi xiv 93 xii. 26-31 92 xvi ''-5 88 xv-xxi. 94 *vi. 1-18 82 xxi. i-ii 65 xvi. 13 -- 79 xxi. 12-14 90 . 14-23 86 xxi L5 _ 22 95 xvii. 12-58 89 xxiv 95 xvii-xviii.5 85 xx iv. 17-25 ioo xviii. 6 xix. 10 86,89 xix. 11-24 86,89 i KINGS i. i ii. n 95 xix. 13 88 Hi. i 97 xix. 16 71 iii. 4 15, 16-28 96 xix. 18-22 82 iv. 1-6 97 xix. 18-24 84,88 iv. 7-28 98 xix. 20 117 iv. 11,15 97 xx. 1 8, 24-29 8S iv. 22, 28 97>98 xx xxiv 86,89 iv. 29-34 97 xxi. 1-9 88 iv. 34 97 xxi. 7 85 Y. 6, 8-12 98 xxii. 6-19 88 v. 7. 12 97 xxii. 9, 18 85 v. viii ioo xxii. 23 85 v. 13-18 97 xxv 89 vi. 1,38 ioo xxv. i 82 vi. 5-10 101 xxvi 87,89 vi. 7 98 xxvii 89 vi. 16,17.... 101 xxviii 87,89 vi. 31-33 101 xxviii. 3-25 83 vii. 13-45...'. ioo xxix 89 vii. 15-22 101 xxx 89 vii. 27-39 I01 xxxi 87,88 vii. 48 101 192 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. PAGES. viii 102 xvi. i 108 viii. 8 97 xvi. 1-5, 7, 12 114 viii. 64 100 xvi. 16-29 108 ix. 11-14 48 xvi. 25 109 ix. 16,24 97 xvi. 29 xvii. i 109 ix. 20, 21 - 36 xvii.. 115 ix. 23 97 xviii 109,115 ix. 26-28 98 xviii. 19,22,40 118 x. 1-8 97 xix 115 x. 1-15..... 98 xix. 16-21 116 x. 22-25 98 xx. no x.23,24 97 xx. 13, 22 115 x. 28, 29 98 xx. 13-22 , ill xi. 99 xx. 28,35 IIJ xi. i 97 xx.34 109 xi. 9-13 103 xxi 109 xi. 29 79,105,114 xxi. 17-29 115 xi. 29-39.... IO 3> XI 4 xxi. 19 no xi. 30 105 xxii no,H2 xii. 1-19 103 xxii. 6 8,22,23 118 xii. 15 114 xxii. 8-28 115 xii. 20- -xv. 8 104 xii. 15, 22, 23 105 2 KINGS i. 1-18 no xii. 22-24 - H4 i- 3 ii- 7 "6 xii. 26-28 101 ii. 15-18 116 xiii. i, 5-8 105 iii 112 xiii. i, ii 115 iii. 1-27 no xiii. 2. 138 iii. 2-19 116 xiii. ii 118 iii. 4 109 xiii. 11-31 105 iii. 8 115 xiv. 2-16 105 iv. 1-7 116 xiv. 2-18 ..i. 114 iv. 42, 43 117 xiv. 21-31 97 v. 21-24 117 xv. 8 xvii. 20 106 vi. i-io . . 116 xv. 24. , 112 vi. 12 116 xv. 25 xvi.20 107 vi. 24 vii. 20 117 xv. 29 114 viii. 1-15 107 SCRIPTURE TEXTS. 193 PAGES. viii. 16 113 viii. 16-24 II 9 viii. 24-29 119 ix. i-ia 117 ix xi 120 ix. 16-28 ,.. 119 x.3o 124 xi. 2 121 xi. 12 xii. 16. ......... 121 xi. 18 121 xii. 4-15 102 xii. 17-21 121 xiii. 1-9 121 xiii. 9 xiv. i 122 xiii. 13 123 xiii. 14-21 117 xiii. 23 121 xiv. 1-22 123 xiv. 8-16 122 xiv. 16..... 123 xiv. 23-29 124 xiv. 25 123 xv. i I. 123 xv. 1-7 124 xv. 5 126 xv. 8-12 1241 xv. 10-38 126 xvi. i, 5 126 xvi. 1-20 127 xvi. 10-19 I02 xvii. 1-23 129 xvii.-6~4i 130 xvii. 13-20 127 xviii. i . 132 xviii. 1-8 130 xviii. ii 130 xviii. 14-16 132 PAGES. xviii. 14 xix. 37 .... 1 34 xx. i-n 132 xx. 5-6 133 xx. ii 133 xx. 12-19 133 xx. 17 145 xx. 17-18 149 xxi 135 xxi. 10-16 146 xxi. 19-26 136 xxii xxiii. 30 137 xxii. 16-17 145 xxiii. 16' 138 xxiii. 24 71 xxiii. 30 xxiv. 6 140 xxiv. i 149 xxiv. 8- 1 6 142 xxiv. 10-16 149 xxiv. 20 143 xxv. 8-21 149 XXV. 8-22 145 xxv. 22-26 147 xxv. 27 150 xxv. 27-30, 142 CHRONICLES vi. 28-33 83 ix. 22..... 83 xi-3 83 xi xvi, 91 xvii xx 92 xx. 4-8 - 95 xxi. 18-30 ioo xxii 95 xxii. i loo xxii. 14 100 xxiii xxvii 91 xxvi 95 194 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. xxvi. 28 83 xxvii. 25-31 91 xxviii, 11-19 I0 xxviii. xxix. ._._ .... 95 xxix. 2-6 100 xxix. 29.... 83 2 CHRONICLES i. 1-13.. 96 i. 14 93 i. 16, 17 98 ii. 2, 17, 18 97 11.3-9. IO ii8-i6 98 iii. i 100 iii. 4, 5, 8, 10-13 101 iii vii loo iv. 1-9. 101 vi. 11-16 loo iv. 19 101 v. 1-6 102 v. 4-10 101 vi. 1-2 101 vii. 1-14 ...... 101 viii. 4 98 viii. 7, 8, 10, ii 97 viii. 17, 18 98 i*. i-7 97 ix. IO, II, 31, 14- 21, 22, 24 98 ix. 22, 23 97, 98 ix. 25, 26, 28 98 ix. 29 114 xi 104 xi. 2 105 xi. 2-4 114 xii. 2-9 , 104 *ii. 5>7> IS "4 PAGES. xii* 9, ii 102 xii. 15 104,105 xiii .................... 104 xiii. 32 104, 114 xiv xvi 106 xv. 1-7. 106, 108 xv. 1-8 114 xvi. i-io 107 xvi. 7-10 108, 114 xvii ii2 xvii. n 113 xviii no, 112 xviii. 7-27 115 xix. 1-3 112, 113 xix. 2-3 114 xx.2 113 xx. 5 loo xx. 14-17 113, 114 xx. 34 114 xx. 37 112, 113. 114 xxi. 1-20.... 119 xxi. 12-15 ll ^ xxii. 1-9 119 xxii. n 121 xxiii. 10-13 136 xxiii. 17 in xxiii. n-xxiv. 16 121 xxiii.2i-25 136 xxiv. 7 121 xxiv. 17-27...* 121 xxiv. 19 125 xxiv. 21 loo xxv . 123 xxv. 7, 15 115, 125 XXV. 17-24 122 xxvi 124 xxvi. 5 125 SCRIPTURE TEXTS. 195 PAGES. xxvi. 22, 23 135 xxvii 126 xxvii. 4-6 127 xxviii 127 xxix 102 xxx, xxxi 131 xxxii. 1-23 134 xxxii. 31 133 xxxiii. 1-18 102 xxxiii 135 xxxiv. 1-13 102 xxxiv, 29-33 102 xcxiv. 35 137 xxxv. 18 83 xxv vi. 1-8 140 xxxvi. 6,7 149 xxxvi. 9, 10 142 xxxvi. i o 149 xxxvi. n-21 104 xxxvi. 1-3 143 xxxvi. 16 143 xxxvi. 17-31 145 xxxvi. 18-20 149 EZRAi iii 153 iv vi 155 vii x 157 NEHEMIAH i xiii 158 xii.27sq 159 ESTHER i x 156 JOBii.7 133 xvi. 18 31 PSALMSvi 90 vii 90 viii. , 90 xviii. 90 xxi 90 PAGES. xxii. 14 80 xxiii 90 xxvii. 4 102 xxix. 90 xxxiv 90 xl 90 xliii. 1-4 102 xliv. 1-3 64 xliv. 3 34 xlvi. 1-5 ioo Hi. 8. 101 liii 80 Hv 90 Ivi 90 Ivii 90 lix 80 Ixiii. 90 Ixxviii. 60, 67 79 Ixxxiv 101 Ixxxvii. 154 xcii. 12-14 101 xcvi. 1-13 91 xcvii. 153 xcvii. 5 65 xcviii. 8 65 xcix 153 xcix.6 7983 ciii 90 ciii. 16 33 cv. 1-15 91 v 154 cvi. 1,47,48 91 cvii 154 cxiv 63 cxv 153 cxviii 154 cxxvi 153 196 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. cxxxii. 1-5 ............. 102 cxxxvii i">4 PROVERBS xxviii. 17 32 ISAIAH i. i 125 x 134 xiii. 152 xiv 152 *iv. 24-27 134 xvii. 12 33 xviii 134 xix.... 134 xx. 4-6.... 134 xxi. 9, 10 152 xxii. 1-14 134 xxvi. 21 31 xxx. 1-7 134 xxxiv. 5 31 xxxvi xxxvii. 10 134 xxxviii 132 xxxviii. 1-8 133 xxxviii. 17 133 xxxix 133 xxxix. 2, 6 13* xl 154 xli. 1-7 152 xlvi. i 79 xlviii. 20, 21 154 Iv. 12 65 JEREMIAH ix 147, 139 iii. 18.... 150 vii. 12-14 79 vii. 31,32 136 xiii. 1 8-2 1 142 XY. i 83 xxi. i-io., 142 xxi. i xxii. 9 145 xxii 142 PAGES. xxii. 11,12 140 xxii. 18, 19 140 xxiii. 5,6 142 xxiv. i 142 xxiv...... 145 xxiv. 8, 9 148 xxv 140 xxv. 8-38 145 xxv. II 149 XXY. 12 152 xxvi. 27 140 xxvii. 3 133 xxvii. 12-22 142 xxviii. i-n 143 xxviii. 4, ii 152 xxviii. 29 142 xxix 149, 150 xxix. 1-20 143 xxix. 17-21 148 xxx 148 xxxii 145 xxxii xxxiv 142 xxxiv. 2, 3 145 xxxv. 36 140 xxxvi. 2, 3 149 xxxvi. 10 101 xxxvii xxxix. .......... 142 xxxix. 8-10 149 xl 140 xl. 1 148 xl xliv 147 xiii. i-ii.... ........... 142 xliv 150 xliv. 14, 27 ............. 148 xlvi. 1-12 140 xlvi. 10 31 xlvii 140 xlviii. 7 79 SCRIPTURE TEXTS. 197 PAGES. PAGES. xlix. 3 79 iv. 15 63 1.51 152 v.i 124 li-59-64 143 x.6 79 Hi. 12-23 I02 TOT?r , JvJ.tL.JL, i. 2.... .............. 34 lii. 12 27 ............... 149 11. 17 -.-.-........... c IOI lu -'7-30 US ii>20 _ lii. 28-30 146, 149 LAMENTATIONS ii. 19.. 80 " 5 11. 7 124 EZEKIEL iii 149 iii. 9, 12 ^ 124 viii 150 iv. 1-8 124 ix-3 31 v. 27 124 x. 18 31 vii. 17 ,124 X !: I4 ~ 25 / I49 MICAH iii. 12.., . 145 xn. 21-28 149 iv. 10 IOQ xm 150 vi. 16 108 xiv 149 vn. 17 141: xvn xx..... 149 xx. 20-22 J49NAHUM i iii 137 xxvii -7-'5 36 ZEPH ANIAH i. 2-6 . .145 xxxm -34 ............... 149 ii. I2 .. xxxvi ......... ......... 147 xxxviii. 2-6 ............. 36 ZECHARIAH vii .......... 150 xl. 45, 46 ............... 101 x - 2 .................... 7 1 xl xlvi ................ 100 _ DANIELi ................. MATTHEWi.5 .......... 64 i. 16-21 .............. 151 xii '3 8 .................. '33 i. 19-21 ................ 150 xvil1 .................. J 33 xxvm. 5 ........... 94 ii. 46-49 ................ 150 xi. 8 ................... 79 LUKE i. 45-55, 67-79 ...... 80 in-4 ................... 7 1 iv. 13 .......... ........ I24ACTS ii. 5 ......... . ...... 34 198 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. PAGES. ROMANS!. 8 34 JAMES ii. 5 64 iii. 25 56 v. 17 115 i COR. i. 30 56 2 COR.xi. 3 30 2PETERii. 5 3 4 HEBREWS vii. i-ii 41 REVELATIONS xii. 9... 35 ix ' 22 I01 XX. 2 3 xi. 31 64 BOOKS FOR BIBLE JAMIESON, FAUSSET & BROWN'S Popular Portable Com- mentary. Critical, Practical, Explanatory. Four volumns in nea't box, fine cloth, $8.00; half bound, $10.00. A new edition, containing the complete unabridged notes in clear type on good paper, in four handsome 12 mo. volumes of abojt 1.000 pages each, with copious index, numerous illustrations and maps, and a Bible Dictionary compiled from Dr. Wm. Smith's standard work. 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