ACloud^ 
 
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 MOST MEN AT THE HEAD 
 OF GREAT MOVEMIKTS 
 ARE CHRISTIAN MEN 
 
 KINGS. PRESIDENTS; 
 POETS, SCIEHTISTS PHILOSOPHERS 
 ARIISTS.AUTHORS.EDUCATORS, 
 GOVEftNORS OF STATES; 
 
 senators . congressmen 
 historians, soldiers. 
 refor|«ers.philanthropist$, 
 
 MPLoilATS.PARLIAMENlftRIANS 
 UWVERSv PHVSlCWMS.JOUldJAUSTS) 
 LEAOtRSOFGRlArMOy£NENTSMn>i«E 
 k KtPRESENTATWEMCHOFWO CONTWEN!^^ 
 
 
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A 
 CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THE GREATEST MEN IN THE WORLD FOR 
 CHRIST AND THE BOOK. 
 
 AN EXHAUSTIVE AND UNPRECEDENTED CONSENSUS OF BIOGRAPHIC 
 AND AUTOGRAPHIC OPINIONS RESPECTING THE AUTHOR 
 OF CHRISTIANITY AND THE BIBLE FROM OVER ONE 
 THOUSAND ILLUSTRIOUS PERSONAGES OUT- 
 SIDE THE CLERICAL PROFESSION. ' 
 
 KINGS, PRESIDENTS, SENATORS, CONGRESSMEN, PARLIAMENTARIANS, DIPLOMATS, 
 PHILOSOPHERS, SCIENTISTS, POETS, AUTHORS, HISTORIANS, ARTISTS, PHIL- 
 ANTHROPISTS, REFORMERS. EDUCATORS, LAWYERS. PHYSICIANS, SOL- 
 DIERS, JOURNALISTS, FINANCIERS, GOVERNORS OF STATES, 
 LEADERS OF GREAT MOVEMENTS, AND THE ACKNOWL- 
 EDGED REPRESENTATIVE MEN OF THE OLD 
 WORLD AND THE NEW 
 
 BY 
 
 STEPHEN ABBOTT NORTHROP, D.D., LLD. 
 
 Great Authorities ari great arguments. — Daniel IVcbsler. 
 
 No sadder proof can be given a man of his own littleness than disbelief in great 
 men. — Carljyle. 
 
 Why may not laymen instruct in the general principles of Christianity as well as 
 ecclesi.istics 7— Judge Story. 
 
 Is the glory of Heaven to bi sun^ only by gentlemen in black coat-- ? Must the 
 truth be only spoken in gown and surplice? Commend me tot^gj^tea^her without 
 orders ? — Thackeray. 
 
 JFiftb edition— ^Tllttfiitrateli 
 
 THE CHRISTIAN EVIDENCE PUBLISHING CO., 
 
 KANSAS CITY, U. S. A. 
 
A4f 
 
 Entered according o Act of Congress, by 
 
 STEPHEN ABBOTT NORTHROP, 
 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at WashingtoD„ 
 
 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 
 
 Entered at Stationers' Hall, 
 
 ilectrotyped, Primed and Bound t^^ 
 
 C. J. Krehbiel & Co., 
 
 602-604 Walnut St., 
 
 Cincinnati. O 
 
r // 
 
 « 
 
 TO 
 
 DEAR ONES 
 
 TRIED AND TRUE: 
 
 A CHRISTIAN FATHER, 
 A LOVING COMPANION, 
 A DEVOTED DAUGHTER, 
 
 I DEDICATE THIS BOOK. 
 
 To Father first, becnuse 
 he, with my sainted Moth- 
 er, laid the right founda- 
 tion in my youthful heart 
 through prayers, tears, 
 precepts, and sacrifices. 
 To Wife next, because her wise counsel, cheering word, and 
 helpful presence have been my daily inspiration during the 
 anxious years of a laborious professional career. 
 To Daughter last, be- 
 cause her gleeful voice, af- 
 fectionate nature,and win- 
 some spirit have been my 
 sweet delight at closing 
 day and returning morn. 
 
 1 1 43.35 
 

INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 M^2 
 
 ^. 
 
 N IMPRESSION prevails among a cer- 
 tain class, either through willful preju- 
 dice or superficial knowledge, that our 
 great thinkers and representative men are not in 
 open sympathy with the religion of the Bible ; that 
 Christianity is only for the weak, the young, and 
 the ignorant; and that its champions outside the 
 pulpit, the Christian press, and theological circles 
 are few and far between. These pages are a bold 
 and exhaustive refutation to such opinions. Mas- 
 ter minds in the first rank of statesmanship and 
 scholarship appear in evidence that the very re- 
 verse is true: that the wisest, the bravest, and 
 the profoundest are the stanch friends of the Cross 
 and the Word. Indeed, since the birth of Christ 
 the Wise Men of the world, best qualified to de- 
 tect error and imposture, have laid at His feet 
 the richest gifts of their genius. 
 
 vii 
 
nsfM 
 
 An interesting and unique feature of this work 
 is, that every one of its recorded Declarations, di- 
 rectly or indirectly in favor of CHRIST and the 
 BIBLE, comes from secular sources, and none 
 whatever from clergymen. By virtue of their 
 office clerg3'men are expected to advocate the 
 
 ji<![-.:\ claims of the Founder of Christianity and its in- 
 spired Book; hence a collection of Testimonies 
 from such authorities might be charged with pro- 
 fessional bias; but when men of the highest in- 
 tellectual attainments; men whose names are en- 
 graved on the front of the centuries as leaders of 
 human thought — pioneers of political, material, and 
 moral progress — who have opened new paths for 
 the feet of knowledge, and who have no personal 
 interest at stake ; when such men wield pen and 
 lift voice in emulous praise to the Lamb of Cal- 
 vary, incomparable in the life He, led ; unapproach- 
 able in the faith He inspired, and matchless in the 
 ethics He preached — to the Testimony of such Wit- 
 nesses assuredly all reasonable persons will respect- 
 fully listen, and, let us hope, confess with those 
 " who watched Him there," " Truly, this was the 
 Son of God ! " 
 
 My task in preparing this book for publication 
 will be more than compensated if perused with 
 fairness by the unbeliever, and with pleasure by 
 
 ft^^l vni 
 
iMiiiWn* ! 
 
 the Christian, serving to dissipate the doubts of 
 the one, and to confirm the faith of the other; 
 bringing both alike into more intimate relation 
 with the Mighty-to-Save, who gloriously leads the 
 van of our civilization. — 
 
 "Toiling up new Calvaries with the Cross that 
 turns not back." 
 
 These Testimonies have been obtained during 
 years of painstaking research in city, national, 
 and university libraries, and by an extensive cor- 
 respondence W'ith distinguished men of two conti- 
 nents up to the present hour. The references that 
 follow, or precede, are of indisputable authority, so 
 that those who wish to quote or investigate may 
 feel perfectly assured of their accuracy. Testimo- 
 nies with fac simile signatures are trustworthy in 
 ever}' case. The original letters are in possession 
 of the undersigned — deposited under lock and key 
 for safe -keeping, or any possible appeal. Some 
 of these autograph Confessions of Faith are very 
 brief, but the value of any testimony is never to 
 be measured by the space it covers. Great truths 
 are often expressed in fewest words. The senti- 
 ments of Poets, as might be expected, are given 
 mostly in verse. No attempt has been made to 
 indicate the volutnes from which the selections 
 have been taken, for the reason that there are so 
 
 \^r^ 
 

 
 /(1.1^ 
 ^"^ 
 
 -A\ 
 
 many different editions that no satisfactory system 
 of reference could be fixed upon. Most of the 
 quotations, however, may be readily found in any 
 of the authorized works of the.se writers. 
 
 My hearty thanks are due the many Publishers 
 and Authors for the use of valuable extracts from 
 their books, and also to those who have courte- 
 ously furnished, at my solicitation, their autograph 
 Testimonies. Friends and strangers, here and there, 
 have kindly offered many timely hints and good 
 cheer. 
 
 May this volume inspire more devout reverence 
 for, and deeper study of, the Bible, " the God of 
 books," the safest one to trust in this life, and 
 the only one to pillow our heads upon in death. 
 " Search the Scriptures," for the}^ are their own 
 best proof So too with Revelation's Saviour ! He 
 Himself is His own strongest evidence : " I am 
 One that bear witness of Myself!" "Behold my 
 hands and feet, handle Me and see ! " Christ is 
 God, and Christ is Man ! He is Emanuel — GOD 
 WITH US. He is the one unique, colossal Figure 
 of all time. His enthronement will be universal. 
 The magnetism of the uplifted Cross and the re- 
 vealed Word will draw all nations into one bond of 
 Christian Unity, Human Liberty, and Fraternity! 
 
 Finally, the verdict of the impartial reader must 
 
 
 
THE ADORATION OF THE WISE MEN. 
 
 SHE had kept all things in the least affecting the little One, and pondered them in 
 her heart. And they fell down and worshiped Him. Then they arose, and, re- 
 turning to the camels, brought gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh, and laid them 
 before the Child, abating nothing of their worshipful speeches. And this was the Saviour 
 they had come so far to find. — General Lew Wallace in " Ben Hur." 
 
 SCIENTIFIC men have not been slow in their testimony to Christ. When Jesus was 
 born in Bethlehem the first who came to Him were poor peasants, but the next 
 were the scientific men of the age, traveling from afar, who had seen the star in 
 the East. Not the priests of Jerusalem, but the astronomers— wise men, came with their 
 precious gifts. That was only the commencement of a long line of distinguished men 
 who have brought homage to Christ in one way or another —John Hall Gladstone, 
 F. R. S. 
 
THE OPENING ARGUMENT. 
 
 The Argument of this book is that the Famous 
 Men of Christendom are firm believers in CHRIST 
 and the BIBLE^ and they have so declared them- 
 selves in clear and emphatic terms. We here deploy 
 twenty chosen men of commanding name and weighty 
 utterance to sustain the position thus taken. 
 
 S^^ "^^ Hj 
 
 OST men at the head of great movements are Chris- 
 \ ^\ tian men. — William E. Gladstone. 
 
 JN> f Christianity has been embraced by the wisest, 
 purest, strongest, and noblest men in the world. — 
 Thomas Hughes. 
 
 The Christian religion is no longer the badge of weak- 
 lings and enthusiasts, but of distinction, enforcing respect. 
 — William McKinley. 
 
 My faith is, though a great man may, by a rare possibility, 
 be an infidel, an intellect of the highest order must build on 
 Christianity. — Thomas De Quincey. 
 
 This admirable author (Shakespeare) , as well as the best 
 and greatest men in all ages and of all nations, seems to have 
 had his mind thoroughly seasoned with religion. — STEELE 
 and Addison. 
 
 The loftiest intellects since the advent of Christianity have 
 had faith, a practical faith, in the doctrines of the Gospel : 
 . . . Descartes and Newton, Liebnitz and Pascal, Racine 
 and Corneille, Charlemagne and Louis XIV. — Napoleon. 
 
 As to the Christian religion, besides the strong evidence 
 which we have for it, there is a balance in its favor for the 
 number of great men who have been convinced of its truth 
 
THE OPENING ARGUMENT. 
 
 after a serious consideration of the question. — Samuei^ 
 Johnson. 
 
 They can no longer assert, that piety is confined to men 
 of little minds when they behold the highest degree of it in 
 a geometrician (Pascal) of the first rank, the most acute meta- 
 physician, and the most penetrating mind that ever existed. 
 — Pierre Bayle. 
 
 The books of Moses, no monument, either historical or 
 astronomical, has yet been able to prove false; but with 
 them, on the contrary, agree, in the most remarkable man- 
 ner, the results obtained by the most learned philosophers 
 and profoundest geometricians. — Adriano Balbi. 
 
 In Eulogy of Daniel Webster: x\nd beyond all this he 
 died in the faith of the Christian — humble, but hopeful — 
 adding another to the long list of eminent men who have 
 searched the Gospel of Jesus Christ, and have found it to be 
 the word and the will of God. — Lewis Cass. 
 
 It is no slight testimonial, both to the merit and worth of 
 Christianity, that in all ages since its promulgation the great 
 mass of those who have risen to eminence by their profound 
 ivisdom and integrity have recognized and reverenced Jesus 
 cof Nazereth as the Son of the living- God. — ^John Quincy 
 Adams. 
 
 Even to the end of time, all wise and intelligent men must 
 Idow themselves reverently before this Jesus of Nazareth ; 
 and the more wise, intelligent, and noble they themselves 
 are, the more humbly will they recognize the exceeding 
 nobleness of this great and glorious manifestation of the 
 Divine Life. — J. G. Fichte. 
 
 When you are told that these Missionary Societies are 
 nonsense, ''supported by a pack of old women getting to- 
 gether," then you may point to those men — the best states- 
 men and the best soldiers of India, who have by their lives, 
 and on every occasion in which they could, sustained Chris- 
 tian Missions. — The Earl of Northbrook. 
 
THH OPENING ARGUMENT. 
 
 The greatest men have believed in our Saviour . . . 
 that is to say, the most enlightened men on the earth, in the 
 most philosophical of all ages, and in full vigor of mind and 
 body, have believed in Jesus Christ ; and the great Conde, 
 when dying, repeated these words : " Yes, we shall see Him. 
 as He is, face to face." — Marquis De Vauvenargues. 
 
 Few persons who have contemplated Christianity as it ex- 
 isted the first three centuries would have imagined it pos- 
 sible that it should completely supersede the Pagan worship 
 around it ; that its teachers should bend the mightiest mon- 
 archs to their will, and stamp their influence on every page of 
 legislation, and direct the whole course of civilization for a 
 thousand years. — W. E. H. Lecky. 
 
 For more than a thousand years the Bible, collectively- 
 taken, has gone hand in hand with civilization, science, law ; 
 in short, with the moral and intellectual cultivation of the 
 species. Good and holy men, and the best and wisest of 
 mankind, the kingly spirits of history, enthroned in the 
 hearts of mighty nations, have borne witness to its influence^ 
 and have declared it beyond compare the most perfect in- 
 strument of humanity. — S. T. Coleridge. 
 
 The most wonderful Volume in existence is, beyond doubts 
 the Bible. And it is, most of all, wonderful that up to the 
 present time, in the opinion of hundreds of thousands of the 
 judicious, reflecting, and reasoning among earth's inhabit- 
 ants, during three thousand years since its first book was writ- 
 ten, it has maintained its high authority, and has retained, 
 in all this lapse of time, a powerful sway over the human 
 mind. — General Ormsby Macknight Mitchel. 
 
 Men of simple minds, devoid of curiosity and of learning, 
 are Christians through reverence ; minds of middle growth 
 and moderate capacities are the most prone to error and 
 doubt ; but higher intellects, more clear-sighted and grounded 
 in science, form a superior class of believers, who, through, 
 long and religious investigations, arrive at the fountain light 
 
THE OPENING ARGUMENT. 
 
 of the Scriptures, and feel the mysterious and Divine mean- 
 ing of our ecclesiastical doctrines. — Michael De Mon- 
 taigne. 
 
 We are sometimes reminded that the religion of the cruci- 
 fied Redeemer may do for women, for okildren, for weak- 
 minded men, but not for men of experience, observation, and 
 reflection. Men who see not God in our history have surely 
 lost sight of the fact that from the landing of the Mayflower 
 to this hour the great men whose names are indissolubly as- 
 sociated with the colonization, rise and progress of the re- 
 public have borne testimony to the vital truths of Chris- 
 tianity. — Henry Wilson, United States Senator. 
 
 Thus you will find all that is great, or wise, or splendid, 
 or illustrious, among created beings ; all the minds gifted 
 beyond ordinary measure, if not inspired by the universal 
 Author for the advancement and dignity of the world, though 
 divided by distant ages, and by the clashing opinions dis- 
 tinguishing them from one another, yet joining, as it were, in 
 one sublime chorus to celebrate the truths of Christianity, 
 and laying upon its holy altars the never-fading offerings of 
 their immortal wisdom. — Lord Chancellor Erskine. 
 
 It is a favorite ruse de guerre with some writers and 
 speakers against Christianity to represent that those oppo- 
 sitions are due to modern science, meaning thereby physical 
 and natural sciences, and that nearly all scientific men dis- 
 believe the religion of Christ. These, however, are ground- 
 less assertions. The experience of fifty years, and acquaint- 
 ance with very many scientific men of different types in 
 different countries, enables me to say, that very many of the 
 most distinguished men were Christians, and I know many 
 others, who, if not Christians, may be said to be "Not far 
 from the kingdom of God." The utterances of a few popular 
 men should not be taken as expressing the views of the 
 whole class. The best and ablest scientific men have all 
 along been devoted Christians, and Christianity has all along 
 helped to make them what they are. — Sir John William 
 Dawson. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 "^r^^^mm^^^m^w^ 
 
 " The Wise Men of the East " brought gifts of gold, frankincense and 
 myrrh to the Christ of Bethlehem, but " The Wise Men " of Christendom bring 
 gifts of genius to the Christ of Calvary. 
 
 JOHN ABERCROMBIE, 
 
 Scottish Physician. (1780-1844.) 
 
 J OMJLTIVATB an acquaintance with the Holy Scriptures. 
 
 I <J By daily prayer seek the pardon of your sins through 
 Cv.-^ Christ, the only Mediator. When in doubt with regard 
 to any piece of conduct, try it by this test : Is it agree- 
 able to the law of God? Will it bear the reflection of the 
 dying hour? Thus you may look for the blessing of God, and 
 through Jesus an inheritance is the resurrection of the just. — 
 ' ' Li/e of Abercro77tbie^ ' ' Volume 11^ * ' Short Biographies for the 
 People s,^^ by George Wilson, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSKS. 
 
 CHARLES KENDALL ADAMS, 
 
 President of the University of Wisconsin. 
 
 BELIEVE that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, and the 
 Son of Mary, and that He came into this world for the 
 salvation of men. I believe that the Holy Bible is a 
 divine revelation to man, and that through its sacred 
 teaching, faithful instruction in righteousness, and heavenly 
 inspiration, all men may find the way of everlasting life. The 
 Christian religion will ultimately triumph; ''the kingdoms of 
 this world will become the kingdoms of our Lord and of His 
 Christ, and He shall reign forever and ever." 
 
 D- 
 
 JOHN ADAMS, 
 
 Second President of the United States. (1735-1826.) 
 
 HAVE examined all religions, as well as my narrow 
 
 sphere, my straightened means, and my busy life, would 
 
 allow;, and the result is that the Bible is the best Book 
 
 in the world. It contains more little philosophy than 
 
 all the libraries I have seen. — To Thomas Jefferson. 
 
 Suppose a nation in some distant region should take the 
 Bible for their only law-book, and every member should 
 regulate his conduct by the precepts there contained ! Every 
 member would be obliged in conscience, to temperance^ 
 frugality, and industry; to justice, kindness, and charity 
 towards his fellow men; and to piety, love, and reverence 
 toward Almighty God. — Pages 6 andy^ Volume XI ^ ^^Life and 
 Works of John Adams y 
 
 That you and I shall meet in a better world I have no 
 doubt than we now exist on the same globe ; if my reason did 
 not convince me of this, Cicero's Dream of Scipio, and his 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ^ssay on Friendship and Old Age would have been sufficient 
 for that purpose. But Jesus taught us that a future state is a 
 social state, when He promised to prepare places in His 
 Father's house of many mansions, for His disciples. — Page 
 390, Volume X^ ^^Life aftd Works of John Adajtis^ 
 
 JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, 
 
 Sixth President of the United States. (1767-1848.) 
 
 IR, I might go 
 through the 
 whole of the 
 sacred history 
 of the Jews to the 
 advent of our Saviour 
 and find innum- 
 erable examples of 
 women who not only 
 took an active part in 
 politics of their times, 
 but who are held up 
 with honor to poster- 
 ity for doing so. Our 
 Saviour himself, while 
 on earth, performed 
 that most stupendous miracle, the raising of Lazarus from 
 the dead, at the petition of a woman. — From a speech in 
 •Congress^ Jmie 16, and July 7, 1838. 
 
 There are two prayers that I love to say — the first is the 
 Lord's Prayer, and because the Lord taught it; and the other 
 is what seems to be a child's prayer: "Now I lay me down to 
 sleep," and I love to say that because it suits me. 1 have been 
 repeating it every night for many years past, and I say it yet, 
 and I expect to say it my last night on earth if I am con- 
 scious. But I have added a few words more to the prayer sp 
 
4 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 as to express my trust in Christ, and also to acknowledge 
 what I ask, for I ask as a favor, and not because I deserve it. 
 
 This is it: 
 
 " Now I lay me down to sleep, 
 I pray the Lord my soul to keep ; 
 If I should die before I wake, 
 I pray the Lord my soul to take ; 
 For Jesus' sake. Amen." 
 {See The Churchman, of June 14, 1890.) 
 
 I deem myself fortunate in having the opportunity, at a 
 stage of a long life drawing rapidly to its close, to bear at this 
 place, the capital of our National Union, in the Hall of Rep- 
 resentatives of the North American people, in the chair of 
 the presiding officer of the assembly representing the whole 
 people, the personification of the great and mighty nation — to 
 bear my solemn testimonial of reverence and gratitude to that 
 Book of books, the Holy Bible . . . The Bible carries with it 
 the history of the creation, the fall and redemption of man, 
 and discloses to him, in the infant born at Bethlehem, the 
 Legislator and Saviour of the world. — From his address as 
 chairma7t oefore the American Bible Society on the evening of 
 February 27, 1844. 
 
 WILLIAM TAYLOR ADAMS, 
 
 [''OLIVER OPTIC] 
 
 Story-Writer. (1822-1897.) 
 
 WAS a constant church-goer for fifty years until my 
 hearing failed me, so that I do not attend divine services 
 or meetings of any kind. I was connected with the 
 Sunday-school for twenty years. 
 I regard Jesus Christ as the purest and holiest Being ever 
 on earth, and whose teachings, ministry, and example have 
 been "the Light of the World." I look upon the Bible as the 
 greatest and best Book ever given to man, especially the New 
 Testament, which contains the Life and the Word of our Lord 
 and Saviour. /<^ /; J/\^ 
 
CROWNED HEADS OF THREE GREAT KINGDOMS. 
 
 Nicholas II., Czar of Russia, 
 
 Page ^39. 
 
 Victoria, late Queen of Great Britain 
 AND Empress of India, 
 
 Page ^^ I. 
 
 William II., King of Prussia and 
 Emperor of Germany, 
 
 Page $06. 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 5 
 
 SAMUEL ADAMS, 
 
 Qj^-^ Signer of the Declaration of Independence. (1722-1803.) 
 
 ^ 2)RINCIPALLY, and first of all, I resign my soul to the 
 
 •^ Q Almighty Being who gave it, and my body I commit 
 
 ^ yv to the dust, relying on the merits of Jesus Christ for 
 
 ^ the pardon of my sins. — From his Will. 
 
 I conceive we can not better express ourselves than by 
 
 humbly supplicating the Supreme Ruler of the world . . . 
 
 that the confusions that are and have been among the nations 
 
 may be overruled by the promoting and speedily bringing in 
 
 the holy and happy period when the kingdoms of our Lord 
 
 and Saviour Jesus Christ may be everywhere established, and 
 
 the people willingly bow to the sceptre of Him who is the 
 
 Prince of Peace. — Pages 378 and 366, Volume III^ '-''Life and 
 
 Public Services of Samuel Adams ^^"^ by William V. Wells. 
 
 JEAN LOUIS RUDOLPHE AGASSIZ, 
 
 Naturalist and Teacher in America. (1807-1873.) 
 
 ^F by the unity of the races of man be meant nothing 
 more than all mankind were endowed with one com- 
 mon nature, intellectual and physical, derived from the 
 Creator of all men; were under the same moral govern- 
 ment of the universe, and sustained similar relations with 
 the Deity, I side with those who maintain the unity of the 
 race. It is quite a different question whether the different 
 races of men were descended from different stocks, and I re- 
 gard the point as fully proved by divine revelation. The 
 Jewish history was the history, not of divers races, but of a 
 single race of mankind ; but the existence of other races is 
 often incidentally alluded to, and distinctly implied, if not 
 absolutely asserted, in the Sacred Volume. — Part 11^ 
 ^^ Pickering^ s Races of Man.'''* 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOSEPH ADDISON, 
 
 English Poet and Essayist. (1672-1719.) 
 
 OME parts of our 
 Saviour's history 
 may be reasona- 
 bly expected from 
 pagans. I mean such parts 
 as might be known to 
 those who lived at a dis- 
 tance from Judea, as well 
 as those who were the fol- 
 lowers and eyewitnesses 
 of Christ. Such particu- 
 lars are most of these 
 which follow, and which 
 are all attested by some 
 one or other of those 
 heathen authors who 
 lived in or near the age 
 of our Saviour and His disciples. " That Augustus Csesar had 
 ordered the whole empire to be taxed," which brought our 
 Saviour's parents to Bethlehem; this is mentioned by several 
 historians, as Tacitus, Suetonius, and Dion. "That a great 
 light, or a new star, appeared in the East, which directed the 
 wise men to our Saviour"; this is recorded by Calcidius. ''That 
 Herod, the king of Palestine, so often mentioned in Roman 
 history, made a great slaughter of innocent children," 
 being so jealous of his successor that he put to death his own 
 sons on that account; this character of him is given by several 
 historians, and this cruel fact mentioned by Macrobius, a 
 heathen author, who tells it as a known thing, without any 
 mark or doubt about it. " That our Saviour had been in 
 Egypt"; this Celsus, though he raises a monstrous story 
 about it, is so far from denying that he tells us our Saviour 
 learned the art of magic in that country. '' That Pontius 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 7 
 
 Pilate was governor of Judea ; that our Saviour was brought 
 into judgment before him, and by him condemned and cru- 
 cified" ; this is recorded by Tacitus. " That many miraculous 
 cures, and works out of the ordinary course of nature, were 
 wrought by Him"; this is confessed by Julian, the apostate, 
 and Hierocles, all of them not only pagans, but professed 
 enemies and persecutors of Christianity. " That our Saviour 
 foretold several things which came to pass according to His 
 predictions"; this was attested by Phlegon in his annals, as 
 we are assured by the learned Origen. " That at the time when 
 our Saviour died, there was a miraculous darkness and a great 
 earthquake"; this is recorded by the same Phlegon, the 
 Trallian, who was likewise a pagan, and freeman to Adrian, 
 the emperor. — See ^^The Evidences of the Christian Reli- 
 gion, ' ' Volume Illy ' ' The Works of Joseph Addison. ' ' 
 
 HENRY MILLS ALDEN, 
 
 Journalist ; Managing Editor of Harper's Magazine. 
 
 REGARD Christ as the Life of life— the creative life; 
 and the Bible as the Book of books — a creative com- 
 munication. My faith is in the Resurrection through 
 the power of Eternal Life ; in what form I know not, 
 but I know in what similitude — in the likeness of the Son of 
 
 God. q//~^}H- C^-^<3T^^' 
 
 ALFRED AUSTIN, 
 
 Poet Laureate of Great Britain. 
 
 O God, the Father, and the Son, 
 And Holy Spirit. Three in One, 
 Beginning, End of all we be, 
 Thanksgiving, praise, eternity. 
 
8 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS, 
 
 King of Sweden. (1594-1632.) 
 
 [This selection was first written in prose during 163 1, but 
 was afterward changed to verse at the hands of another.] 
 
 Mr 
 
 jSyJx?^ true as God's own Word is true, 
 I ra^ Not earth nor hell with all its crew 
 ^ ©^ Against us shall prevail. 
 
 A jest and byword are they grown ; 
 God is with us ; we are His own ; 
 Our victory can not fail. 
 
 Amen ! Lord Jesus, grant our prayer ; 
 Great Captain, now Thine arm make bare; 
 
 Fight for us again ! 
 So shall Thy saints and martyrs raise 
 A mighty chorus to Thy praise, 
 
 World without end. Amen. 
 
 SIR CHARLES UMPHERSTON AITCHESON, 
 
 Late Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab. (1832-1898.) 
 
 ^HE Word of God in the vulgar tongue, in the lan- 
 guage spoken and understood by the people, is our 
 common heritage. Whatever be the differences which 
 separate us into churches, however varied our inter- 
 pretations of particular passages of Holy Scripture, the Bible 
 is yet the one broad foundation of the faith of all of us; the one 
 common standard by which we try every creed and every 
 Christian work, whether it be of God or whether it be of 
 man. And, therefore, all Christians can unite, and do indeed 
 rejoice to unite, in spreading the pure Word of God, without 
 note or comment, as the great missionary power of the 
 world. The Bible is now studied in India, and is growingly 
 appreciated every day. Peshab Chunder Mozamdar, the pres- 
 ent leader of the advanced Brahmos, in a recent public lec- 
 ture at Lahore, recommended the Bible as the best Book 
 they could read, and the diligent study of Christ's precepts 
 therein as the only way to attain purity of heart 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 So the leaven is working. Christianity is in the air. The 
 personality of our blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ is 
 impressing itself deeper and deeper upon the people. — From 
 a speech at Oxford^ England^ 1890, before the Bible Society, 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS ARTHUR WILLIAM 
 PATRICK ALBERT, 
 
 Duke of Connaught; Third Son of Queen Victoria, 
 
 AVING had the great advantage of serving in dif- 
 ferent parts of our large empire, and of traveling over 
 a great deal of country in many parts of the world, I, 
 in common with most travelers, appreciate — even 
 more, possibly, than those at home — the great benefits of 
 the Word of God. ... I am able personally to speak of 
 the wonderful advancement that has been made in India in the 
 circulation of God's Holy Word. Feeling, as I do, the im- 
 portance at the present day of upholding the Bible in its 
 simplicity and in its integrity, I trust the resolution which 
 I have proposed will not fall on unwilling ears. We live in 
 an age when there is much scepticism, and, unfortunately, 
 much selfishness abroad, and I am sure that if we wish to 
 combat these evils we can not do better than attack them 
 with the Bible in our hands. — Extract from his address at the 
 British and Foreign Bible Society^ at a meeting in the Man- 
 sion House ^ London^ April 14, 1891. 
 
 CHARLES ABBOTT, LORD TENTERDEN. 
 
 Chief Justice of England. (1762-1833.) 
 
 RECOGNIZE the Books of the Old and New Testa- 
 ment, according to the authorized version, as truly 
 expressing the revealed will of God. — Page 324, Vol- 
 ume TV^ '^ Lives of the Chief Justices of England^'*'* 
 by Lord Campbell. 
 
lO A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 DAVID HAYES AGNEW, 
 
 Physician and Surgeon. {1818-1892.) 
 
 AM ask^d what I think of Christ and the Bible. The 
 Bible I believe to be the revelation from Heaven ; the 
 infallible Word of God. I believe in Jesus Christ, the 
 eternal Son of God, God-man, through whose imputed 
 merits alone can any mortal be saved. The historic Christ 
 is the hope of the Church, and the life of our civilization. 
 
 THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH, 
 
 Poet and Miscellaneous W^riter. 
 THE CRESCENT AND THE CROSS. 
 
 IND was my friend who, in the Eastern land, 
 Remembered me with such a gracious hand. 
 And sent this Moorish Crescent, which has been 
 Worn on the haughty bosom of a queen. 
 
 I place beside this relic of the Sun 
 
 A Cross of cedar, brought from Lebanon ; 
 
 Once borne, perchance, by some pale monk, who trod 
 
 The desert to Jerusalem, — and his God. 
 
 Here do they he, two symbols of two creeds, 
 Each meaning something to our human needs ; 
 Both stained with blood, and sacred made by faith, 
 By tears, and prayers, and martyrdom, and death. 
 
 That for the Moslem is, but this for me ! 
 The waning Crescent lacks divinity ; 
 It gives me dreams of battles, and the woes 
 Of women shut in dim seraglios. 
 
 But when this Cross of simple wood I see. 
 The Star of Bethlehem shines again for me ; 
 And glorious visions break upon my glooni, 
 The patient Christ, and Mary at the tom?3 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. IT 
 
 SIR ARCHIBALD ALISON, 
 
 Scottish Historian and Essayist. (1792- 18674 
 
 O prophecy of our Saviour was ever more completery 
 accomplished than the memorable one that He 
 came to bring not peace on earth, but a sword.. 
 The reason is to be found in the varieties of the 
 human mind; the different lights in which the same truths 
 present themselves to different intellects. 
 
 Christianity, indeed, is destined to spread mainly by its 
 winning the hearts of men ; but in a world of selfishness and 
 violence it is not this alone that mankind are to be con- 
 verted even to their own blessing ; the first entrance must 
 sometimes be won by conquest; and he who bears even the 
 olive branch and Cross in one hand may often despair of 
 success if he is not prepared, when necessary, to grasp the 
 naked sword in the other. — Page 50, Volume /; 312, Vol- 
 ume 11^ '' Alison's Europe ; From the Fall of Napoleon to the 
 Accession of Louis Napoleon,^'' 
 
 WASHINGTON ALLSTON,* 
 
 Painter and Author. (1779-1843.) 
 
 NEVER lighted on any truth which I inwardly felt, 
 
 that, by following it out, did not find its illustration 
 
 and confirmation in some great doctrine of the Bible 
 
 — the only true philosophy, the soul fountain of light 
 
 — where the dark questions of the understanding which have 
 
 so long stood, like chaotic spectres, between the fallen soul 
 
 and its reason, at once lose their darkness and their terror. — 
 
 Lectures on Art. ''by Washington Alls ton. ' ' 
 
 *He once wrote a long and able essay on Chrislianity as supplying ai* 
 inherent want of humanity. A most humble being he was before God. Ir* 
 Jesus Christ and the great atonement was his only trust. — Page 152, ift 
 " Artist Biographers.'' 
 
la A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FISHER AMES,* 
 
 Pep Statesman. (1758-1808.) 
 
 ^HOULD not the Bible regain the place it once held as 
 a school-book ? Its morals are pure, its examples 
 are captivating and noble. The reverence for the 
 sacred Book that thus is early impressed lasts longest. 
 If not impressed in infancy, it probably never takes firm hold 
 upon the mind. One consideration more is important: In 
 no Book is there so good English, so pure and so elegant, 
 and by teaching all the same they will speak alike, and the 
 Bible will justly remain the standard of language as well as 
 of faith. I will hazard the assertion that no man ever did or 
 ever will become truly eloquent without being a constant 
 reader of the Bible, and an admirer of the purity and sublim- 
 ity of its language. — " Memoirs ^^^ by J. T. Kirkland. 
 
 -•-He was a firm believer in Jesus Christ as his personal Saviour, and a 
 well-known champion of the Bible being used in our public schools. — 
 J. T. Kirkland. 
 
 HENRI FRIEDERIC AMIEL, 
 
 Swiss Prose Writer, {1821-1881.) 
 
 HAVE just read seven chapters of the Gospel. Noth- 
 ing calms me so much. To live in God and to do His 
 work, this is religion, salvation, life eternal ; this is both 
 the effect, sign and love of the Holy Spirit ; this is the 
 new man announced by Jesus, and the new life into which 
 we enter by the second birth. 
 
 I heard a sermon this morning on the Holy Spirit, good 
 but insufficient. Why was I not edified? Because there 
 was no unction. Why was there no unction? Because 
 Christianity from a rationalistic point of view is a Christian- 
 ity of dignity, not of humility ; the special Christian accent 
 is wanting. My impression is always the same — faith is made 
 a poor, dull thing by these attempts to reduce it to simple 
 psychology. I am impressed with a feeling of inappropriate- 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. I3 
 
 ness and maliase at the sight of philosophy in the pulpit. 
 " They have taken away my Saviour, and I know not where 
 they have laid Him," so the common folk have a right to 
 say, and I repeat it with them. — ^^AmieVs Journal^'' trans- 
 lated by Mrs. Humphrey Ward. 
 
 ANDRE MARIE AMPERE, 
 
 French Electrician and Scientific Writer. (1775-1836.) 
 
 BELIEVE in God, in His providence, in a future life, in 
 the recompense of the good ; in the punishment of the 
 wicked ; in the sublimity and truth of the doctrines of 
 Christ, in a revelation of this doctrine by a special 
 divine inspiration for the salvation of the human race.* — 
 Page 334, ^^ Modern Frenchmen^'''' by Philip Gilbert Hamerton. 
 
 * Found on a piece of paper after his death. 
 
 HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN, 
 
 Danish Novelist and Story- Writer. (1805-1875.) 
 
 REPRESSED in spirit, I took up my Bible, which lay 
 before me, for an oracle ; opened it, pointed blindly 
 at a place, and read : "O Israel, thou hast destroyed 
 thyself; but in Me is thine help." {Hosea.) Yes, 
 Father, I am weak, but Thou lookest into my heart and wilt 
 be my help. 
 
 Here also (Copenhagen) I obtained a place, after I had 
 given seven pieces. The different periods of my life passed 
 before me. I knelt down upon the stage and repeated our 
 Lord's Prayer, just at the spot where I now sit amongst the 
 first and distinguished men. Humility and prayer unto God 
 for strength to deserve happiness, filled my heart. May He 
 always enable me to preserve these feelings. — From " The 
 Story of My Life^^'' by Hans Christian Andersen. 
 
14 A CLOUD OP WITNESSES. 
 
 ALBERT. 
 
 King of Saxony. 
 
 |HIS declaration was tielegraphed Emperor William by 
 King Albert at the time the Church of the Redeemer 
 in Jerusalem was dedicated: '*Your belief is my be- 
 lief, for in Christ Jesus lies my redemption for time 
 and eternity.''—** The Berlm Echo.'''* 
 
 JOHN ALBION ANDREW, 
 
 Statesman, Governor of Massachusetts. (1818-1867.) 
 
 HRISTIANITY, the true, the perfect, the last revela- 
 tion to the human soul, makes her commanding ap- 
 peal to us as men and as scholars. Let the lips of the 
 orator be touched with a living coal from ofF the altar 
 of the lyord ; let the poet breathe the airs of Palestine, once 
 vocal with the music and the harp of David ; let the philos- 
 opher be instructed by the profound metaphysics of Paul ;; 
 let the whole man be purified by the simple, the sublime re- 
 velation of the Gospel. — Page 195, ^''Memoir of Governor 
 Andrew ^^^ with Personal Reminiscences^ by P. W. Chandler. 
 
 JAMES BURRILL ANGELL, 
 
 President of the University of Michigan. 
 
 BEIvIEVE that Jesus Christ was the Son of Man and 
 the Son of God ; that He came to earth on a divine 
 mission to enable us to have eternal life ; and I believe 
 the Bible contains the message of divine truth for our 
 illumination, guidance, and salvation. Through Christ and 
 the Holy Scriptures we have a revelation of God's will con- 
 cerning man, and of His fatherly love to man. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 15 
 
 MICHAEL ANGELO, 
 
 Italian Painter and Sculptor. (1475-1564.) 
 
 Sculpture and painting, rival arts, 
 Ye can no longer soothe my breast ; 
 
 'Tis love Divine alone imparts 
 The promise of a future rest. 
 
 On that my steadfast soul relies, 
 
 My trust the Cross, my hope the skies. 
 
 GIVE my soul to God, my body to the earth, and 
 my worldly possessions to my nearest kin, charging 
 them to remember the sufferings of Jesus Christ- - 
 Live on (to his father), and if you are not to share in the 
 honors of this world like other citizens, it is enough to eat 
 bread, and to live in the faith of Christ, as I do, for I live 
 humbly ; and I do not care for the life and honors of this 
 world , . . . God forgive us all ! — ^^Life of Michael 
 Angelc bv Charles Clement. 
 
l6 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HENRY BOWEN ANTHONY, 
 
 United States Senator. (1815-1884.) 
 
 E knew, tor God, whose prophet he was, revealed 
 it to him, that the great principles for which he con- 
 tended, and for which he suffered, founded in the 
 eternal fitness of things, would endure forever. He 
 did not inquire if his name would survive a generation. In 
 his vision of the future he saw mankind emancipated from 
 the thralldom of priestcraft, from the bhndness of bigotry, 
 from the cruelties of intolerance. He saw the nations walk- 
 ing forth into the liberty wherewith Christ had made them 
 free. — Eulogy of Roger Williams^ in Congress^ January 9, 
 1872. 
 
 SAMUEL CHAPMAN ARMSTRONG, 
 
 General and Principal of Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, 
 
 (1837-1893.) 
 
 ^HB best thought and richest experience of the world 
 thus far give an overwhelming testimony to the effect 
 that Christ and the Scriptures are the foundation of 
 all good and of all hope in the world. In them only 
 is there progress and salvation for mankind. 
 
 LORD ALVERSTONE 
 
 Lord Chief-Justice of England. 
 
 WOULD give all my success to have done one-tenth 
 the good these martyr-missionaries have done for the 
 extension of the Gospel. Their self-sacrifice, courage 
 and devotion to our Christian faith ought to inspire 
 those whose career has not been chosen to go forward and 
 give their best service for the kingdom of our Lord and 
 Saviour. , ^^^ 
 
REPRESENTATIVE MEN. 
 
 Wendell Phillips, 
 
 Page J 60. 
 
 James G. Blaine, Henry M. Stanley, 
 
 Page J4. Page 422. 
 
 Lord Shaftesbury, 
 
 Page 99. 
 
 James Russell Lowell, John A. Logan, 
 
 Page 294. Page 290. 
 
 Major-General Gordon, 
 
 Page iy6. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. I7 
 
 JOHN ARMSTRONG, 
 
 Congressman, United States Senator, Diplomat, and General. 
 
 (1725-1795.) 
 
 OR is this spiritual and moral disease to be healed 
 by a better education, a few external, transient 
 thoughts. It requires the hand of the great Physi- 
 cian, the Lord Jesus Christ, by His Holy Spirit, and 
 belief of the truth renewing the state of the mind and dispo- 
 sition of the heart as well, thereby leading the soul from a 
 sense or fear of the wrath of God, the penalty of this broken 
 law, and helpless in itself, to flee to the merits of Jesus. — 
 Page 78, " Centennial Biography^ Men of Mark of the Cum- 
 berland Valley^ ' ' by Alfred Nevin. 
 
 ERNST MORITZ ARNDT, 
 
 German Pat.iot, Poet, and Professor of History at Bonn. 
 (1769-1860.) 
 ^T is the Dayspring from on high, 
 The adamantine rock, 
 Whence never storm can make me fly, 
 
 That fears no earthquake's shock. 
 My Jesus Christ, my sure Defence, 
 
 My Saviour, and my Light 
 That shines within and scatters thence 
 Dark phantoms of the night. 
 
 ROBERT ANDERSON, 
 
 Assistant Police Commissioner of the Metropolis ; Head of Criminal 
 Investigation Department in London since 1888. 
 
 .HE Bible has stimulated and energized all that has 
 been the best and greatest in Christendom for the 
 last three centuries ; it has moulded and ennobled the 
 character of the Anglo-Saxon race. 
 We can reach the living Word only through the written 
 Word. What a banknote is to the gold it represents, the 
 written Word is to the living Word. What the Saviour is to 
 those who trust in Him no one can appreciate more fully 
 than one whose life is full of the responsibilities of public 
 affairs. Companionship with Christ kills all sense of hurry 
 and worry. 
 
l8 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 MATTHEW ARNOLD, 
 
 English Essayist and Poet. {1822-1888.) 
 
 >RY all ways of righteousness you can think of, and 
 you will find that no way brings you to it except the 
 way to Jesus. Attempt to do without Israel's God 
 that makes for righteousness, and you will find out 
 your mistake. Attempt to reach righteousness by any way 
 except thai of Jesus ^ and you will find out also your mistake ! 
 This is the thing that can prove itself to be so, and it will 
 prove itself because it is so. — " The Bible and the Nineteenth 
 Century ^^'^ by L. T. Townsend. 
 
 To the Bible men will return because they can not do 
 without it. Because happiness is our being's end and aim, 
 and happiness belongs to righteousness, and righteousness is 
 revealed in the Bible, for this simple reason will men return 
 to the Bible, just as a man who tried to give up food, think- 
 ing it was a vain thing, and that he could do without it, would 
 return to food ; or a man who tried to give up sleep, think- 
 ing it was a vain thing, and he could do without it, would re- 
 turn to sleep. — Chautauqua Text-Book^ No, 8. 
 
 P. M. ARTHUR, 
 
 Grand Chief Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. 
 
 ACCEPTED Jesus Christ some thirty-five years ago as 
 the only true and divine Saviour, and He has been my 
 unfailing Friend ever since. I believe the Holy Bible 
 is the Word of God, and that men spake or wrote the 
 Scriptures as they were moved by the Holy Ghost. " Blessed 
 is he who readeth, and they that hear the words of this 
 prophecy, and keep those things that are written therein." 
 
 /g^^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 19. 
 
 SIR EDWIN ARNOLD, 
 
 English Poet. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM '' THE LIGHT OF THE WORI.D." 
 
 Oh, a dear word 
 Spoke first to me, and, after me, to all, 
 That all may always know that He is the Lord, 
 And Death is dead, and new times come for men ; 
 And Heaven's ways justified, and Christ alive, 
 Whom we saw die, nailed on the cruel Cross ! 
 For while I lay there sobbing at his feet 
 The word He spake — my Lord ! my King ! my Christ ! 
 
 The cruel Cross; 
 
 The savage nails, the scroll, the sponge; 
 
 The cry, ''Eloi, lama, sabacthani !'' — then 
 
 His death-word, '* It is finished ! " and the death; 
 
 And spear-head deep into His side plunged. 
 
 And the Centurion crying, "Verily, 
 
 This was the Son of God ! " 
 
 In writing "The Light of Asia," I had no thought of 
 instituting a comparison between Buddhism and Christian- 
 ity, as the critics have generally supposed. "The Light of 
 Asia" must be regarded simply as a poem. I would not 
 give one verse of the Sermon on the Mount for twenty epic 
 poems like the Mahabharata, nor exchange the Golden Rule 
 for twenty Upanishads. — To Doctor Ashmore^ en route for 
 Yokohama, 
 
 TIMOTHY SHAY ARTHUR, 
 
 Story-Writer. (1809-1885 ) 
 
 >HE Bible is the Word of God, or divine truth, and 
 therefore that must be the basis of religion. 
 
 In the "fullness of time," when man was just 
 about extinguishing in him every good that he had 
 received at his creation, and on the eve of perishing in con- 
 sequence, the Lord himself— "The Mighty God, the Ever- 
 lasting Father, the Prince of Peace "—assumed human nature 
 through a woman, and came down in the consciousness of 
 
30 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 man in his lowest estate of evil, and received on Himself all 
 the assaults and temptations of hell, and by His own divine 
 power conquered the evil, and remanded the spirits of dark- 
 ness to their own gloomy abodes. — Pages 194, 195, ^^ Arthur'' s 
 Advice to Young Men. ' ' 
 
 JOHN A. BINGHAM, 
 
 Congressman, 1855-1863, 1865-1873; Judge Advocate at the Trial of Presi- 
 dent Lincoln's assassin ; one of the Managers President Johnson's 
 Impeachment Trial ; from 1873-1885, Minister to Japan. 
 
 WAS instructed in early youth by precept and example 
 of my father and mother. I thereby became convinced 
 of the truth of Christ's teaching, and of the inspiration 
 of the Holy Scriptures. My convictions on this subject 
 must suffice for me; I will not surrender them to any man. 
 I do not hesitate to say, however, as a strong belief of mine, 
 that Christ, by His living and His dying and His reappear- 
 ance after crucifixion brought life and immortality to light. 
 It seems to me not to be a question that the Christ of the 
 New Testament lived 'and will live forevermore. My inner 
 consciousness teaches me that in His discourse on the Mount 
 He is chiefly revealed to be more than a man, and the He 
 was and is Divine. 
 
 (Z-'^d ^ 
 
 EDWARD W. BOK, 
 
 Editor of " The Ladies' Home Journal.' 
 
 ^HERE are myriads of people on this earth who 
 believe in the divinity of Christ; people of the 
 finest minds and the greatest learning. It is not a 
 mark of intelligence to question divine things. The 
 'divinity of Christ is a question of the heart. No one who 
 studies the Life of Christ can fail to believe that in Him the 
 world had a Being unlike any other man, and His own 
 teachings, His own words, His own life are the best proofs 
 of His Divinity. — The Ladies'' Home Journal., September^ 
 1894. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 21 
 
 JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH, 
 
 German Musical Composer. (1685-1750.) 
 
 ^N reference to his cantata, "Jesus, meine Freude," 
 his biographer says : "In these he discourses with the 
 fervency of faith on the importance of Christ's atoning 
 work. The congregational feeHng infused into these 
 subjects, as being appropriate to their general dogmatic pur- 
 port, is pointedly applied to the Christian life by the inter- 
 vening verse ; and thus the germ of Protestant Christianity 
 is embodied in this great work With keen dog- 
 matic certainty he confines the deepest devotion to Christ. 
 
 " Bach's knowledge of the Bible, as shown by his church 
 cantatas, was evidently as extensive as his acquaintance with 
 hymns. We see from his owning " Bunting's Itiiterarium 
 SacrcB Scripture " that he must have tried to realize Bible 
 history as vividly and as picturesquely as possible. . . . 
 Judge as we may the scientific value of such a work, it is at 
 any rate an evidence that Bach did not regard his Bible 
 merely as a repertory of texts for lyric verses, or even for 
 dogmatic argument, but that he tried to make himself famil- 
 iar with it in every sense." — Pages 601 and 267, Volume II I ^ 
 ^^John Sebastian Bach : His Work and Influence in the 
 Music of Ger^nany^'^ by Philipp Spitta. 
 
 JAMES MONTGOMERY BAILEY, 
 
 Humorist. (1841-1894.) 
 
 REGARD Jesus Christ as the Helper of men, and the 
 Redeemer of souls. To me He is a Companion, a 
 Helper, and a Saviour. I have unbounded faith in His 
 love, mercy, and power. The Bible I believe to be 
 the revealed Word of God, and I esteem it with reverence 
 and affection. Its promises are my inspiration, and its truths 
 a " Lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path." 
 
122 
 
 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FRANCIS BACON, 
 
 Philosopher, and Lord High Chancellor of England. (1561-1626.) 
 
 BEIvIEVE that 
 the Word of God, 
 whereby His will is 
 revealed, continued 
 in revelation and tradi- 
 tion with Moses; and 
 that the Scriptures were 
 from Moses' time to the 
 time of the Apostles and 
 Evangelists ; in whose 
 ages, after the coming of 
 the Holy Ghost, the 
 teacher of all truth, the 
 book of Scripture was 
 shut and closed, so as to 
 receive no new addition, and the Church hath no power 
 after the Scriptures to teach or command anything con- 
 trary to the written Word. 
 
 I believe that Jesus, the Lord, became in the flesh a 
 sacrificer and a sacrifice for sin ; a satisfaction and price 
 paid to the justice of God ; a meriter of Glory and the King- 
 dom ; a pattern of all righteousness; a preacher of the Word, 
 ^which Himself was ; a finisher of the ceremonies ; a corner- 
 stone to remove the separation between Jew and Gentile ; 
 an intercessor for the Church ; a Lord of nature in His mir- 
 acles ; a conqueror of death and the power of darkness in 
 His resurrection ; and that He fulfilled the whole counsel of 
 God, performing all His sacred offices, and anointing on earth, 
 accomplishing the whole work of the redemption and resti- 
 tution of man to a state superior to the angels, whereas the 
 state of man by creation was inferior; and reconciled and 
 -established all things according to the eternal will of the 
 Father. — Pages 154 and 152, Volume 11^ ^''Literary and Re- 
 ligious Works of Francis Bacon,^'' 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 2^ 
 
 JAMES H. BAKER, 
 
 President of the University of Colorado. 
 
 ^HE right view of the world is essentially poetic, and 
 the truest poetry includes faith and reverence. With- 
 out expressing the full extent of my belief, I claim, at 
 least, that he is not philosophical who does not 
 recognize the profound suggestiveness of the religious senti- 
 ment in man, and does not perceive that Christianity is the 
 brightest blossom of religious development, and that the 
 Bible is the best guide for faith and conduct. 
 
 JOHN BACON, 
 
 English Sculptor. (1740-1799.) 
 
 Y his will he ordered a plain tablet for his grave at 
 Tottenham, Court Road Chapel, with this inscription 
 after name and date: 
 
 WHAT I WAS AS AN ARTIST, 
 
 SEEMED TO ME OF SOME IMPORTANCE 
 
 WHILE I LIVED ; 
 
 WHAT I REALLY WAS AS A BELIEVER 
 
 IN CHRIST JESUS, 
 
 IS THE ONLY THING OF IMPORTANCE 
 
 TO ME NOW. 
 
 What can I do with respect to the next w6rld without my 
 Bible ? I find myself in the midst of system of deep moral 
 disorder and perpetual vicissitude. No philosopher offers 
 anything that meets, and, much less, relieves, my case. One 
 cheering light alone shines into this our moral darkness. It 
 shows me the holy law I ought to obey, and declares my 
 true character as a transgressor from my birth. 
 
 In such a case dare I venture my soul on conjectures? 
 
24 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Its infinite wisdom, holiness, power, and love unite in ap- 
 pointing my ransom only through a Saviour on His Cross; 
 God forbid that I should glory save in that alone ! There I 
 see the perfections of God harmonized, His law magnified, the 
 evil of sin exposed. I tremble at the thought of being found 
 negligent under a constitution in which God the Father is 
 willing to become my Father; God the Son, my Redeemer; 
 God the Spirit, my guide, sanctifier, and comfort. — Volume 
 IIl\ ^^ Short Biographies for the People ^^"^ by James Macaulay. 
 
 
 ^: 
 
 "M00, 
 
 ^v^^ 
 
 ft"^ 
 
 
 w^ 
 
 
 ^m%>^ 
 
 ('Wjmm 
 
 fmp' 
 
 -■•T^W 
 
 ^. 
 
 GEORGE BANCROFT, 
 
 Historian. (1800-1891.) 
 
 ^iURlTANISM had 
 exalted the laity. 
 . For him 
 the wonderful coun- 
 sels of the Almighty had 
 appointed a Saviour; for 
 him the laws of nature had 
 been compelled and consult- 
 ed, the heavens had open- 
 ed, the earth had quaked, 
 the Sun had veiled his face, 
 and Christ had died and 
 risen again. — Page 318, 
 Volume /, ''^History of the 
 United States of America^'*'* 
 by George Bancroft. 
 For the regeneration of the world it was requisite that the 
 Divine Being should enter the abodes and hearts of men and 
 dwell there ; that a belief in Him should be received which 
 would include all truth respecting His essence; that He 
 should be known, not as a distant Providence of boundless 
 power and uncertain and inactive will, but as God present in 
 the flesh Amid the deep sorrows of humanity 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 25 
 
 during the sad conflict which was protracted during centuries 
 for the overthrow of the past and the reconstruction of so- 
 ciety, the consciousness of an incarnate God carried peace 
 
 into the bosom of humanity This doctrine once 
 
 communicated to man, was not to be eradicated. It spread as 
 widely, as swiftly, and as silently as the light, and the idea 
 of God With Us dwelt and dwells in- every system of 
 thought that can pretend to vitality ; in every oppressed 
 people, whose struggles to be free have the promise of success; 
 in every soul that sighs for redemption. — From his address 
 vn " The Progress of Mankind^^^ pages 502 and 504, ^''Literary 
 and Historical Miscellanies ^^^ by George Bancroft. 
 
 PHINEAS TAYLOR BARNUM, 
 
 Exhibitor and Philanthropist. (1810-1891.) 
 
 ^HRIST was sent into the world by our kind Father in 
 Heaven to teach that "God is love"; that love is 
 the fulfilling of the law ; and turn us away from our 
 transgressions by showing us that the "way of the 
 transgressor is hard," and always will be hard as long as we 
 transgress ; but charity, unselfishness, and a godly life is filled 
 with joy and peace — that at the last the Almighty Father, 
 being Almighty, and being our Father, will bring about im- 
 mediate harmony. 
 
 The old Bible I believe to be as correct a history as could 
 have been formed in remote ages — containing accounts of 
 various lives and experiences by which we ought to profit. 
 The New Testament abounds in testimony of the undying 
 love of our Saviour for all, and especially for the poor, the 
 unfortunate, and the erring. His mission was to teach them, 
 and to save them from their sins by reconciling them to 
 their Heavenly Father, and not reconciling Him to His 
 created beings, for He was never unreconciled. 
 
 Cc^cc^^^c^^ 
 
26 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 DANIEL PRATT BALDWIN, 
 
 Lawyer; late Attorney-General of Indiana. 
 
 / 'ESUS CHRIST hath brought Life and Immortality 
 
 ^ to light through the Gospel." He taught Life and 
 
 Q^!^ lyight through His doctrine of self-sacrifice and love, 
 
 which He made, on the human side, the corner-stone 
 
 of His religion ; and Immortality through His resurrection 
 
 from the dead, which was His crowning miracle. Without 
 
 the Resurrection, the future life is only a dreary perhaps. 
 
 No right-minded man, not even a so-called sceptic, can 
 
 deny the immense indebtedness of humanity to Him, or His 
 
 supreme title to the sweetest words tongue ever uttered — 
 
 "Our Saviour!" 
 
 NEWTON BATEMAN, 
 
 Late President of Knox College. 
 
 HAVE been engaged in educational work nearly all 
 my life. I am personally acquainted with hundreds 
 of teachers, and can say that the greatest of them are 
 earnest Christians. The supreme end of education is 
 the development of the noblest, purest, and manliest charac- 
 ter, which is impossible without Christian ideas and forces. 
 History confirms the conclusions of my individual experi- 
 ence and observation. In all the Christian centuries the 
 world's greatest thinkers, benefactors, and leaders have been 
 great believers in Christ as a Saviour, and in the Bible as 
 the Word of God. Eliminate the Christian element from 
 our colleges, and their strength and glory are gone. 
 
 J\\^i^.C^'Cur--^^*^^T^^^^^ '- 
 
BRITONS OF WORLD-WIDE FAME. 
 
 JOHN BRIGHT, JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, 
 
 Page 48. Page i6r. 
 
 DAVID LIVINGSTONE, WILLIAM WILBERFORCE, 
 
 Page 287. Page 302 
 
 JOHN STUART BLACKIE, LORD COLERIDGE. 
 
 P(^gf33- Page I OS- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 27 
 
 ALFRED SMITH BARNES, 
 
 Publisher and Philanthropist. (1817-1888.) 
 
 ^N the beginning God created all things for His own 
 pleasure. He created man after His own image, but 
 through him came disobedience and sin, of which the 
 penalty was death. Then in divine compensation 
 came the promise of salvation through the Messiah who should 
 come, which promise illuminates the pages of the Old Testa- 
 ment with hope and joy from Moses to Malachi. The Proph- 
 et Isaiah said, "Therefore saith the Lord God: Behold I 
 lay in Zion for a foundation stone, a tried stone, a precious 
 corner-stone, a sure foundation." When to the shepherds on 
 the plains of Bethlehem the glory of the I^ord shone round 
 about them, and a multitude of the heavenly host sang 
 *' Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will 
 toward men," the prophecies were fulfilled, the corner-stone 
 was laid on earth. 
 
 (Signed by his own hand)^ A. S. Barnes. 
 October 26, 1887. 
 — Extract of his address delivered at the laying of the corner- 
 stone of ''^Barnes Hall^^ Cornell University. 
 
 WILLIAM AUGUSTUS BEACH, 
 
 Lawyer. (1809- 1 884.) 
 
 E was her accepted and chosen guide. She looked 
 upon him with a veneration second only to that with 
 which she regarded her God. Nay, if the incarnate 
 Christ had come down, with the glory of Calvary 
 upon His brow, and the love of sacrifice in His eye, she 
 could not have bowed to him with more obedient and idol- 
 atrous deference than this woman rendered to her Pastor. — 
 From one of his famous pleas. See page 40, ^^Distinguished 
 Jimerican Lawyer s^^ by Henry W. Scott, 
 
ZS A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 BERNARD BARTON, 
 
 English Poet. (1784-1849.) 
 
 ^ THE BIBI,E. 
 
 ^ ^AMP of our feet, whereby we trace 
 Our path when wont to stray ; 
 3oStream from the fountain of heavenly grace, 
 Brook by the traveler'vS way. 
 
 Word of the ever-living God ; 
 
 Will of His glorious Son ; 
 Without thee how could earth be trod, 
 
 Or heaven itself be won ? 
 
 Yet, to unfold thy hidden worth, 
 
 Thy mysteries to reveal. 
 That Spirit which first gave thee forth 
 
 Thy Volume must unseal. 
 
 SIR JOHN BAYLEY, 
 
 English Judge and Author. (1763-1841.) 
 
 [AVID lived about one thousand years before our 
 Saviour, and the Psalms are more ancient than the 
 writings of any classic now extant. Homer, one of 
 the earliest classic writers, wrote about eight hundred 
 and forty years before the birth of Christ, and above one 
 hundred years after the death of Solomon, the son of David, 
 — ''^ Sir John Bayley^s Book of Common Prayer^'' page 239. 
 
 JAMES BURNIE BECK, 
 
 United States Senator. (1822-1890.) 
 
 .OMETIMES we public men get worldly, and, perhaps, 
 do not attend to our religious duties as we ought, 
 but still we know the Bible is true, and that the only 
 hope of the world is the Gospel of Jesus Christ. I 
 was brought up under Henry Duncan, of Scotland, and felt 
 the power of his ministry, and have felt it all the way 
 through. — In conversation with a fellow congressman a few 
 days before death. 
 
OF THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 will 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 29 
 
 LUDWIG BEETHOVEN, 
 
 Prussian Musical Composer. (1770-1827.) 
 
 ^ ODAY hap- 
 pens to be 
 the Lord's 
 Day, so I 
 quote you 
 something from 
 my Bible: ''See 
 that ye love one 
 another as I have 
 loved you." — 
 ^''Franklin Square 
 Song Collection?'* 
 
 No friend have 
 I. I must live by 
 myself alone; but I 
 know well that God 
 is nearer to me 
 than others in my art, so I will walk fearlessly with Him. 
 I have always known and understood Him. — From ^^A 
 Score of Musical Composers ^^^ by Nathan Haskell Dole, 
 
 PETER BAYNE, 
 
 Scottish Journalist and Author. 
 
 E see Revelation synchronous with the history of 
 our planet. The Word in which the redeeming 
 Christ is revealed becomes precisely commensu- 
 rate with the time in which the creating Christ 
 has exhibited on our planet His creative power. The closing 
 books of the New Testament tell us of a fire which will in 
 later time envelop the world. The first book of the Old 
 Testament, read by the light reflected from the works of 
 
^O A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 God, points us to a commencing fire in which the planet, as 
 now constituted, had its beginning. From fire to fire spans 
 the arch of creation ; from fire to fire spans the arch of Reve- 
 lation; Christ the Alpha and the Omega of both. — Page 393, 
 ^^ Essays in Biography and Criticism^ " by Peter Bayne. 
 
 JAMES BEATTIE, 
 
 Scotch Poet and Writer. (1735-1803.) 
 
 .HERE is not a book on earth so favorable to all the 
 kincl^ and to all the sublime affections, or so unfriendly 
 to hatred and persecution^ to tyranny^ injustice^ and 
 every sort of malevolence as the GOSPEL. It 
 breathes nothing throughout but mercy^ benevolence^ and 
 peace. . . . Such of the doctrines of the Gospel as are 
 level to human capacity appear to be agreeable to the purest 
 truth and soundest morality. All the genius and learning of 
 the heathen world, all the penetration of Pythagoras, Soc- 
 rates, and Aristotle, had never been able to produce such a 
 system of moral duty^ and so rational an account of Provi- 
 dence and of man, as is to be found in the New Testament. 
 - — Page 70, *''' Allibone^ s Prose Quotations ^ 
 
 SIR RISDON BENNETT, 
 
 President of the Royal Society of Physicians {1876-1891,) {1809-1891.) 
 
 ^T has been truly said that " the real evidence of 
 Christianity is in its power." And how can we look 
 round the world and fail to see proof of this power 
 wherever the Gospel is known, among all races of 
 mankind, all classes of society, all ranks of intellect. What 
 is there comparable to the religion of Jesus Christ in pro- 
 moting the happiness and welfare of mankind? The full 
 influence of its power, even as regards the present life, we 
 liave indeed yet to see ; and we can but faintly appreciate 
 the inestimable light as shed on the life to come, the full 
 glory of which has yet to be revealed. — Pages 41 and 42, 
 ^''Report of the Christian Evidence Society^ 1890." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 31 
 
 SIR. CHARLES BELL, 
 
 British Anatomist and Physiologist. (1774-1842.) 
 
 A'' viewing the Face Reversed. — In compassionating a 
 
 fellow creature it is not natural to look on the face 
 
 (^^ reversed. Yet I have seen in a modern picture a 
 
 soldier regarding his wounded comrade, dessus dessouSy 
 the mouth to the forehead, the eye to the mouth. The im- 
 mediate effect was a want of sympathy — of proper feeling. 
 Even the nurse turns her head in correspondence with the 
 face of the infant. Is the same not meant by the Psalmist, 
 '* My heart said unto thee. Thy face. Lord, will I seek"? 
 Thus, in looking on a picture of our Saviour, dead, lying on 
 the knees of the Madonna, she turns her head nearly paral- 
 lel with that of our Redeemer, which produces grace and 
 tenderness. — Page 121, "^r/ Suggestions from the Masters ^'^ 
 compiled by Susan N. Carter. 
 
 JEREMIAH SULLIVAN BLACK, 
 
 Lawyer; United States Attorney-General under President 
 Buchanan. (1810-1883.) 
 
 x>7^<^S a matter of fact, Jesus Christ died that sinners- 
 
 Ll^L might be reconciled to God, and in that sense He 
 
 ^ (c)^ died for them ; that is, to furnish them with the 
 
 means of averting Divine justice, which their 
 
 crimes had provoked. 
 
 A man who, by any contrivance, causes his own offense to 
 be visited on the head of an innocent person is unspeak- 
 ably depraved. But are Christians guilty of this baseness, 
 because they accept the blessings of an institution which 
 their great Benefactor died to establish? Loyalty to the 
 King who erected a most magnificent government for us at 
 the cost of His life — fidelity to the Master who bought us 
 with His blood — is not the fraudulent substitution in place 
 of the criminal. — See ^''The Claims of the Christian Relig- 
 ions^ by fudge Blacky in ''^ North American Review " of Au- 
 gust^ 1 88 1. 
 
32 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JEAN BAPTISTE LE MOYNE BIENVILLE, 
 
 Colonial Governor of Louisiana, and Founder of New Orleans. 
 (1680-1768.) 
 
 ;N the name of the Father, etc. Persuaded, as I am, of 
 the necessity of death, and the uncertainty of the hour, 
 I wish, before it arrives, to put my affairs in order. 
 First, I consign my soul to God. ... I implore 
 the mercy of God and of Jesus Christ, my Saviour. — Froyn 
 his Will. See page 325 ^ ^''Jean Baptiste Le Moyne^ Seuer 
 de Bienville ^^^ in ^^ Makers of America " series^ by Grace King, 
 
 OTTO EDUARD LEOPOLD BISMARCK, 
 
 Late Prussian Chancellor. (1815-1898.) 
 
 HATKVER in my former utterances may have 
 applied to a living profession — to a profession of 
 living Christian faith — I confess quite openly 
 to-day, and I do not flinch from making this 
 profession publicly or in my own house at any and every 
 time. But it is precisely my living evangelical faith which 
 imposes upon me the obligation to protect in every way 
 the high office confided to me in the country of my birth, 
 to serve which God created me. — Declared in Parliamentary 
 Debate^ 1849. 
 
 I firmly believe in a life after death. . . . Would to 
 God that apart from what is known in the world I had no 
 other sins upon my soul, for which I only hope to be forgiven 
 by trusting in the blood of Christ. . . . Deprive me of 
 my faith and you rob me of my Fatherland. Were I not a 
 stanch Christian, did I not stand upon the miraculous basis 
 of religion, you would never have possessed a Federal Chan- 
 cellor in my person. — Pages 351 and 353, Volume 11^ of 
 *" ' Prince Bismarck : an Historical Biography^ ' ' by Charles 
 Lowe. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 33 
 
 JOHN STUART BLACKIE, 
 
 Professor of Greek, University of Edinburg; Scotch Poet and Author. 
 ( 1 809-1 895.) 
 
 AM of Opinion that in Christ Jesus there is presented 
 to the intelligent eye the most perfect picture of a 
 Divine life in human shape that earth can conceive, 
 and that the Holy Bible is a Book, or more properly 
 a collection of Books, with a common inspiration, which, if 
 studied with spiritual sympathy and historical discrimina- 
 tion, will approve itself the surest guide to a noble, happy, 
 and useful life. 
 
 T^T^^^^c^^ 
 
 SIR WILLIAM BLACKSTONE, 
 
 English Jurist and Author of " Commentaries." (1723-1780.) 
 
 <0 deny the possibility, nay, actual existence, of witch- 
 craft and sorcery, is at once to contradict the revealed 
 Word of God in various passages both of the Old and 
 New Testament. 
 The preservation of Christianity as a national religion is 
 abstracted from its own intrinsic truth, of the utmost conse- 
 quence to the civil state, which a single instance will suf- 
 ficiently demonstrate. The belief of a future state of re- 
 wards and punishments, the entertaining just ideas of the 
 main attributes of the Supreme Being, and a firm persuasion 
 that He superintends and will finally compensate every ac- 
 tion in human life (all which are revealed in the doctrines 
 of our Saviour, Christ), these are the grand foundations of all 
 judicial oaths, which call God to witness the truth of those 
 facts which perhaps may be only known to Him and the party 
 attesting ; all moral evidences, therefore, all confidence in 
 human veracity, must be weakened by apostacy, and over- 
 thrown by total infidelity. Wherefore, all affronts to Chris- 
 tianity, or endeavors to depreciate its efficacy, in those who 
 have once professed it, are highly deserving of censure. — 
 Pages 59 and 43, " WendeWs Blacks toners Commentaries y* 
 Volume IV. 
 
,34 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 A. BERNSTORFF, 
 
 German Count. 
 
 FOR myself, declare that I am here as an indvidual 
 evangelical Christian, and that I should never have 
 set my foot in this Parliament if I thought that it sig- 
 nified anything like a consent that all religions are 
 equal, and that it is only necessary to be sincere and upright. 
 I believe only the Bible to be true, and Protestant Chris- 
 tianity the only true religion. I wish no compromise of any 
 kind. . . . We Christians are servants of our Master, the 
 living Saviour. We have no right to compromise the truth 
 He intrusted to us. — Page 93, Volume /, ^' The World^s Par^ 
 liameiit of Religions ^^^ edited by Rev. John Henry Barrows.. 
 
 JAMES GILLESPIE BLAINE* 
 
 Twenty Years in Congress, Speaker of the House, and Secretary of State 
 under Presidents Garfield and Harrison. (1830-1893.) 
 
 BELIEVE that the brotherhood of man and the Father- 
 hood of God are becoming the corner-stone of religion, 
 as revealed in Christ, and as traced in human history. 
 I have never doubted the Divinity of Jesus Christ and 
 the Holy Scriptures. ^ ^ 
 
 FRANCIS PRESTON BLAIR, 
 
 Major-General, Congressman and United States Senator. 
 
 (1821-1875.) 
 
 HE Christian religion, in its magnificent monuments 
 and emblems, gives the senses clear conceptions of 
 the life, the body, the moral excellence, and even the 
 sufferings of our Saviour. It gives embodiment to 
 the thought and feeling which arise from our devotion. — 
 From his oration delivered at the Unveiling of the Benton 
 Statue in St, Louis. 
 
 *Mr. Blaine died in the triumphs of the Christian faith. His uniform 
 tone during illness was that of a devout believer in the Lord Jesus Christ 
 as a personal Sdis'xoxyr.— Doctor Teunis S. Hamlin, Washington, D. < . 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 35 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE A. J. BALFOUR. 
 
 Parliamentary Leader in the House of Commons. 
 
 'N the world, looked at in the light of a simple theism, 
 the evidences of God's material power lie about us on 
 every side, daily added to by science, universal, over- 
 whelming. The evidences of His moral interest have 
 to be anxiously extracted grain by grain, through the specu- 
 lative analysis of our moral nature; and if it be desirable 
 that they should be enabled to obtain an imaginative grasp 
 of this great truth; if they need to have them brought home 
 to them that, in the sight of God, the stability of the 
 heavens is of less importance than the moral growth of a 
 human spirit, I know not how this can be done more com- 
 pletely than by the Christian doctrine of the Incarnation. . . . 
 What is needed is such a living faith in God's relation to 
 man as shall leave no place for that helpless resentment 
 against the appointed order so apt to rise within us at the 
 sight of undeserved pam. And this faith is possessed by 
 those who vividly realize the Christian form of theism. — See 
 ''^The Right Foundations of Belief ^^^ by the Right Honorable 
 Arthur James Balfour. 
 
 JAMES ROBINSON BOISE, 
 
 Professor of Greek in the University of Michigan, 1852-1868, and later in 
 the University of Chicago ; Author of Greek Text-Books. 
 
 WAS engaged for more than thirty years in teaching 
 the Latin and Greek classics. I also edited portions 
 of Homer, Heroditus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Plato, 
 and Demosthenes. I have now for fifteen years been 
 engaged in teaching the Greek New Testament. And what 
 is the result? I have almost lost my fondness for the classic 
 authors. Compared with the doctrines of the New Testa- 
 ment, they seem to me as chaff compared to the wheat. 
 Beautiful chaff it may be, in the light of the sun, but they 
 have nothing to nourish and satisfy the soul ; whereas, the 
 more one meditates on the inspired truth of the Bible, the 
 more the spiritual nature, the God-like in man, g^ows, 
 expands, is lifted up and strengthened. 
 
36 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR S. A. BLACKWOOD, 
 
 English Statesman. 
 
 E have gone to the heathen in certain lands with 
 the Bible in one hand and the rum-bottle in an- 
 other. What can be thought of the character of 
 a Christianity that thus presented itself to them? 
 . . . How can we wondfer that in India they have laughed 
 at our Christianity, and cast contempt upon the name of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ? It is our business to lift up our voices,, 
 and with bated breath, and no indistinct utterance, to declare 
 that on the ground of every obligation that we owe to Him 
 who has redeemed us by His precious blood, so far as lies in 
 our power, so far as our protests, so far as our prayers can 
 stay these deadly evils, they shall, by God's help, be impos- 
 sible for the future. — Page 470, Volume /, ^''Report of the 
 Missionary Conference^ London^ il 
 
 JOHANN KASPER BLUNTSCHLl, 
 
 German Jurist. (1808-1881.) 
 
 >HE limits of the freedom of teaching are not pre- 
 scribed by the letter of Scripture, but a fundamental 
 requirement of Protestantism is free inquiry in and 
 about the Scriptures. The attempt to limit the free- 
 dom of theological inquiry and teaching in the universities 
 is a violation of the vital principles of Protestantism. Only 
 such conceptions of the Person of Jesus can satisfy the relig- 
 ious necessities of this age as fully recognize the idea of His 
 humanity and place in history. The higher reason only has 
 unconditional authority, and the Bible must justify itself be- 
 fore its tribunal; we find the history of Divine revelation 
 and its fulfillment in the Bible alone, and reason bids us to 
 regard the Bible as the only authority and canon in matters 
 of religious belief. — Page 825, Volume XI X^ of-^ The Ency elo- 
 pes dia Brittanzcay 
 
MY MOTHER'S BIBLE. 
 
 T 
 
 HIS Book is all that's left me now— 
 
 Tears will unbidden start — 
 With faltering lip and throbbing brow 
 
 I press it to my heart. 
 For many generations past 
 
 Here is our family tree; 
 My mother's hands this Bible clasped, 
 
 She, dying, gave it me. 
 My father read this Holy Book 
 
 To brothers, sisters dear; 
 How calm was my poor mother's look. 
 
 Who loved God's Word to hear! 
 Her angel face — I see it yet! 
 
 What thronging memories come! 
 Again that little group is met 
 
 Within the halls of home." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 37 
 
 JAKOB BOHME, 
 
 German Mystic Philosopher. (1575-1624.) 
 
 ^""OW the Scripture witnesses throughout, and new- 
 born man finds it so, that it is quite otherwise, and 
 contrary to what it was before. It finds itself very 
 humble, meek, courteous, and pleasant; it readily 
 bears all manner of crosses and persecutions ; it turns the out- 
 ward body from out of the way of the wicked ; it regards no 
 reproach, disgrace, or scorn put upon it by the devil or man ; it 
 places its confidence, refuge, and love in the Son of God, it is 
 fed by the Word of God, and can not be touched by the devil; 
 for although it is in its own substance, and stands in the first 
 principle in the indissoluble bond, it is enlightened with the 
 light of God in the Son, and the Holy Ghost. — From his es- 
 jay : " The Third Principle ; or Creation of the Material 
 World ^ with the Stars and Elements.''^ 
 
 HERMANN BOERHAAVE, 
 
 Dutch Physician and Philosopher. (1668-1738.) 
 
 AM persuaded that the Scriptures, as recorded in 
 their original, did alone instruct us in the way of 
 salvation and afford tranquillity to the mind, with obe- 
 dience to Christ's precepts and example ; in particular, 
 that precept confirming the law of Moses which respects the 
 love of God and our neighbor. 
 
 This maxim, however, I wish to abide by, living or dying: 
 That only is the best, and alone to be desired, which is per- 
 fectly agreeable both to the Divine goodness and majesty. 
 Many who make the greatest profession of Christ's doctrine 
 pay little deference to His example recommended in one of 
 his precepts: "Learn of Me, for I am meek and lowly in 
 heart." — Page 51, Section II I^ " Account of the Life of Doctor 
 Hermann Boerhaave^^ by Burton. 
 
3^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ROBERT BUCHANAN, 
 
 Scotch Poet. 
 
 Y God ! my God ! with passionate appeal, 
 - ^ Pardon I crave for these mad moods of mine ! 
 jvi Can I remember, with no heart to feel, 
 
 The gift of Thy dear Son, the Man Divine ? 
 
 NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, 
 
 Emperor of the French. (1769-1821.) 
 
 HE Bible is more than a Book; it is a living being, 
 with an action, a power which invades everything 
 that opposes its extension. Behold it upon this table, 
 this Book surpassing all others ; I never omit to read 
 it, and every day with new pleasure. 
 
 Everything in Christ astonishes me. His spirit overawes 
 me, and His will confounds me. Between Him and who- 
 ever else in the world there is no possible term of compari- 
 son ; He is truly a Being by Himself. His ideas and His 
 sentiments, the truth which He announces, His manner of 
 convincing, are not explained either by human organization 
 or by the nature of things. 
 
 Truth should embrace the universe. Such is Christianity, 
 the only religion which destroys sectional prejudices, the 
 only one which proclaims the unity and the absolute brother- 
 hood of the whole human family, the only one which is 
 purely spiritual;, in fine, the only one which assigns to all, 
 without distinction, for a true country, the bosom of the 
 Creator, God. Christ proved that He was the Son of the 
 Eternal by His disregard of time. All His doctrines signify 
 one only and the same thing — eternity. What a proof of the 
 divinity of Christ! With an empire so absolute, He has but 
 one single end — the spiritual melioration of individuals, the 
 purity of the conscience. — Chapter XXXIII ^ Volume 11^ of 
 ** The History of Napoleon Boitaparte^^^ by John S. C. Abbott. 
 [Canon Liddon^ in his B amp ton Lectures ^ page 148, names 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 39 
 
 these authorities: Luthardt^ Apologetische Vortrage^ pages 
 234, 293; M. Angus te Nicholas^ Etudes Philosophique sur le 
 Christianisme^ Bruxelles^ 1849, ^^^^ ^^-j pages 352, 256; 
 Chevalier de BeatUerne^ Sentiment de Napoleon sur le Chris- 
 iianisme^ edit, par M. Bathild Bouniol^ Paris^ 1864, pages 87, 
 118.) 
 
 JUNIUS BRUTUS BOOTH, 
 
 Tragedian. (1796-1852.) 
 
 cx^ ^TIOU are right ; to read that prayer (the Lord's Prayer) 
 -XA as it should be read, cost me the severest study 
 2 ^58^ and labor for thirty years, and I am far from sat- 
 isfied with my rendering of that wonderful produc- 
 tion. Hardly one person in a thousand comprehends how 
 much beauty, tenderness, and grandeur can be condensed in 
 a space so simple. The prayer itself sufficiently il- 
 lustrates THE truth of the BlBLE, AND STAMPS UPON 
 IT THE SEAL OF DiviNiTY. — From " The Life of Elihu Bur- 
 ritt^^ by Charles Northend. 
 
 CHARLES BONNET, 
 
 Swiss Naturalist and Philosopher. (1720-1793.) 
 
 THEREFORE open this Book— the Old Testament— 
 which to this day is held forth as authentic and di- 
 vine by the descendants, in a direct line, of those 
 men who crucified the Messenger of Heaven and per- 
 secuted His ministers and first disciples. I peruse the Book, 
 and meet with a passage in it — Isa. liii. — which excites in 
 me the greatest astonishment. I think I am reading an an- 
 ticipated and circumstantial history of Christ ; I discover all 
 the features of His character, and the principal particulars of 
 His life ; in a word, I think I am reading the very evidence 
 of the witnesses themselves. 
 
 By this bringing together and comparing the external (the 
 
40 • A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 proofs which the miracles and prophecies, the character of 
 our Saviour, and that of His disciples, exhibit, are called the 
 external proofs) and internal proofs of Christianity, this im- 
 portant consequence results to my mind: that there exists no 
 ancient history as well attested as that of Christ ; that there 
 are no historical facts established on so great a number of 
 proofs ; no proofs so solid, so striking, and so various, as 
 those on which the religion of the divine Messenger is 
 founded. — '' Philosophical and Critical htquiries Concerning 
 Christianity^'' by Charles Bonnet^ of Geneva^ Member of the 
 Royal Academy of Paris. 
 
 VINCENZO BOTTA; 
 
 Author, and Professor of Italian Literature in the University 
 of the City of New York. 
 
 ^HE power of the Roman Emperors extended over the 
 body and soul of the subject, but Christianity ap- 
 peared to set free the Divine element of the human 
 mind, and to assert its natural sovereignty. Religion 
 and science, two branches from the same root, were thus 
 made free by the mission of the Redeemer, and the state has 
 no more power over the one than the other. There are 
 moral elements in the nature of man which were particularly 
 developed by the Gospel, and without which no society can 
 flourish. — Page 78, "^ Discourse on the Life^ Character^ and 
 Policy of Count Cavour^^ by Vincenzo Botta, 
 
 PAUL BOURGET, 
 
 French Novelist. 
 
 ^OR many years I, like most young men in modern 
 )X i:^ cities, was content to drift along in agnosticism, but I 
 was brought to my senses at last by the growing 
 realization that there is in this life such a thing as 
 responsibility for the influence upon others. I saw that the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. . 4I 
 
 life of the man who simply said "I don't know, and not 
 knowing, I do the thing that pleases me," was not only empty 
 in itself, and full of disappointment and suffering, but was a. 
 positive influence for evil upon the lives of others. Since 
 then my belief has grown firmer in the Christian system for 
 practical happiness in this world. — The Herald^ New York^ 
 August 13, 1893. 
 
 EDWARD BELLAMY, 
 
 Author of " Looking Backward." 
 
 HERE shall we find the explanation of the par- 
 [Aj adox of the adoration of Christ, as not merely 
 leader, but God, by communities which tolerated 
 a social organization that made earth a hell and 
 openly outraged every word of His Gospel? If you can 
 imagine a conception of Christianity which shall leave out 
 the Golden Rule, you will have an explanation of this par- 
 adox. All this teaching which was the whole of His Gos- 
 pel, was grouped about and crystalized in the Golden RulCy 
 whereon our modern world is founded as an everlasting 
 foundation. To believe in Christ and not believe in the 
 Golden Rule as the only plan for social organization, seems 
 to me a moral and rational impossibility. — The Ladies* Home 
 Journal^ January^ 1895. 
 
 FRANCIS BOWEN, 
 
 Educator and Author. 
 
 ACCEPT with unhesitating conviction and belief the 
 doctrine of the being of one personal God, the Creator 
 and Governor of the world, and of one Lord Jesus 
 Christ, in whom dwelleth all the fullness of the God- 
 head bodily; and I have found nothing whatever in the 
 literature of modern infidelity which, to my mind, casts 
 even the slightest doubt upon that belief. — See Preface to 
 ^^ Modern Philosophy ^^^ by Francis Bowen^ Alford Professor 
 of Natural Religion^ Moral Philosophy^ and Civil Polity in 
 Harvard College. 
 
42 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR JOHN BOWRING, 
 
 English Poet, Statesman and Linguist. (1792-1872.) 
 
 THE GOSPEL PROCLAIMED, 
 
 OW sweetlyflowed the Gospel sound, 
 From lips of gentleness and grace, . 
 
 When listening thousands gathered round. 
 And joy and gladness filled the place. 
 
 From Heaven He came, of Heaven He spoke, 
 To Heaven He led His followers' way ; 
 
 Dark clouds of gloomy night He broke, 
 Unveiling an immortal day. 
 
 Decay, then, tenements of dust ; 
 
 Pillars of earthly pride, decay ; 
 A nobler mansion waits the just. 
 
 And Jesus has prepared the way. 
 
 CHARLES CARROLL BONNEY, 
 
 Lawyer; President of World's Congress Auxilliary 
 
 F all the leaders the world has ever known could be 
 convened in one grand assembly, and the utmost 
 merits of each proclaimed and admitted; if Jesus 
 Christ should then stand forth in the midst, not one 
 would contest His supremacy, but all, with one accord, 
 would bow the head in His Divine presence, and feel honored 
 by acknowledging Him ^'King of kings, and Lord of lords." 
 If all the books in the world could be assembled in one 
 great convention to choose a king, and the crown were to be 
 awarded to that one which had been printed in the largest 
 number of languages, and has exercised the most potent and 
 far-reaching influence for the elevation and enlightenment of 
 mankind, the Holy Bible — the Book Divine — would have no 
 xeal competitor, but would be chosen by acclamation. 
 
 U^iM^^^^AyO^ d , ^c-y^y^JZy^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 45 
 
 HJALMAR HJORTH BOYESEN, 
 
 Professor of German at Columbia College, and Author^ 
 
 HERE is a vast field here for the Christian mis-- 
 sionary; for our social order rests upon Christianity' 
 as a basis, and can only be maintained by faith irt 
 revealed religion. If Christianity ceases to be a power 
 in the land, if the fear and the love of God cease to be re- 
 straining influences in the minds of men, our present social 
 order is surely doomed. . . . It is therefore a sign of the 
 utmost significance when the Christian Churches throughout 
 our land become aroused to the necessity of grappling with 
 these great and vital problems. They are not in themselves 
 insoluble; but they require for their solution all the patriot- 
 ism, the earnestness and self-devotion which are found in 
 the Church of Jesus Christ. It is in this sign, and in this 
 alone, that we shall conquer. — From his address on Immigra- 
 tion^ delivered at the Evangelical Alliance^ Washington^ D. C.y 
 December^ 1887/ extracted from pages 68 and 74 of ''''National 
 Perils and Opportunities.''^ 
 
 2s 
 
 ROBERT BOYLE, 
 
 Irish Chemist and Philosopher. (1626-1691.) 
 
 UR Saviour would love at no less rate than death ; and 
 
 ^ from the supereminent height of glory, stooped and 
 
 ^5^ debased Himself to the sufferance of the extremest of 
 
 indignities, and sunk himself to the bottom of abject- 
 
 ness, to exalt our condition to the contrary extreme. — Page 
 
 104, '''' Allibone^ s Quotations y 
 
 The Books of Scripture illustrate and expound each other,' 
 as in the mariner's compass, the needle's extremity, though 
 it seems to point purposely to the north, doth yet at the 
 same time discover both east and west, as distant as they 
 are from it and each other, so do some texts of Scripture 
 
44 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 guide us to the intelligence of others, for which they are 
 widely distant in the Bible. 
 
 We should carefully distinguish betwixt what the Scripture 
 itself says and what is only said in the Scripture. For we 
 must not look upon the Bible as an oration of God to men, 
 or as a body of laws ; . . . but as a collection of com- 
 posures of very different sorts, and written at very distant 
 times; and of such composures that, though holy men of 
 God — as Peter calls them — were actuated by the Holy Spirit, 
 who both excited and assisted them in penning the Scrip- 
 ture, yet there are many others besides the Author and the 
 penman, introduced speaking there. — ^^Sorne Considerations 
 Touching the Style of the Holy Scriptures ^^^ by Robert Boyle. 
 
 LUTHER BRADISH, 
 
 Statesman. (1783-1863.) 
 
 HERBVER the Bible has gone, it has carried with 
 it juster notions of individual rights and sounder 
 views of the true end and object of government. 
 It has exerted a great and benign influence upon 
 the enactment of laws and their execution. . . Equally 
 great and salutary has been the influence of the Bible upon 
 the mental labors and the intellectual condition of man in all 
 ages and in all countries. It has chastened his imagination 
 and invigorated his judgment. It has purified literature, 
 elevated philosophy, directed science to its true ends and 
 ' IS, and thus effectually contributed to the adv^ancement of 
 lization and amelioration of the world. 'All this has the 
 ole accomplished for man in regard to this life. But this 
 precious revelation of God to man is not limited to his brief 
 existence here. It has a far higher aim, and was destined to 
 achieve for him a far greater and more enduring good in ref- 
 erence to that which is to come. — " Testimony to the Value of 
 the Sacred Sc7'iptures^^ bv 'h^^ American Bible Society. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 45 
 
 WILLIAM M. BRADSHEAR, 
 
 President of Iowa State College. 
 
 .HE Holy Bible is the revelation of God in history, in 
 redemption, and the compendium of all ethics. It 
 is the fountain of law and literature. It is the chart 
 and compass of man in a shoreless world that keeps 
 him near the pole-star of eternal truth. 
 
 Jesus Christ is more than any other in history, because He 
 presents the universal elements of humanity as distinguished 
 from individual peculiarities. He presents a complete 
 human nature in moral and spiritual attributes. The four 
 lives of Christ, as recorded by the four Evangelists, are ex- 
 plainable only as being historically true. The beneficent 
 power of His life and death over the subsequent history of 
 mankind is an unimpeachable proof of His divine humanity. 
 
 '^O-n^Qt 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD BRASSEY, 
 
 English Statesman. 
 
 WAS glad to notice in the prayer just offered, that we 
 give thanks to our Heavenly Father in the name of 
 Jesus Christ, our Lord, for the work which is done, 
 not only by this society, but by kindred societies. I 
 have been on board the storm-tossed vessel in which a good 
 Bishop of the Anglican Church was engaged in carrying the 
 Gospel to the distant ice-bound shores of Labrador; I have 
 been in the stormy waters of the Straits of Magellan, and 
 have seen at what sacrifice, and by what efforts, the Gospel 
 is carried to the savage people of Terra del Fuego ; I have 
 seen the devoted missionaries whp are sent by the United 
 States at their work in Beyrout and Lahore. . . . I do 
 not question the melancholy fact that there are masses of 
 people in our midst who do not hear the good news of salva- 
 
46 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 tion; but I fear, in too many instances, those of our people 
 who do not hear the Gospel do not hear it because they do 
 not avail themselves of the opportunities which are in exist- 
 ence. — From a speech at Exeter Hall^ May^ 1888, before the 
 London Missionary Society. 
 
 DAVID JOSIAH BREWER, 
 
 Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. 
 
 BELIEVE in Jesus Christ as the great Helper, Com- 
 forter and Saviour of humanity, and the Holy Bible 
 as bearing to us the story of his mission, the rules of 
 duty, the revelation of Eternal Life, and also the 
 conditions under which the attainment of that life are possi- 
 ble. No Book contains more truths, or is more worthy of 
 confidence than the Bible ; none brings more joy to the sor- 
 rowing, more strength to the weak, or more stimulus to the 
 nobly ambitious ; none makes life sweeter, or death easier or 
 less sad. 
 
 ,&~^^<j^y^y9uAA^<^s^ 
 
 SIR DAVID BREWSTER, 
 
 Scottish Physicist. (1781-1868.) 
 
 SHALL see Jesus, and that will be grand ! . . . 
 
 What should I have done now^ had I tried to find a 
 
 Saviour at this time ? 
 
 Oh, is it not sad that all are not contented with 
 the beautiful simple plan of salvation — Jesus Christ only — 
 who has done so much for us. ^' Notwithstanding his tal- 
 ents ! " That disgusts me: merit for a man to bow his intel- 
 lect to the Cross ! Why, what can the highest intellect on 
 earth do but bow to God's Word and God's mind thankfully? 
 When I find a doctrine plainly stated in the Bible, that is 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 47 
 
 enough, God knows. I can depend on God's Word. We 
 .should not expect in this world to be free from things ob- 
 scure to us, and beyond our ability to explain. . . . To 
 believe in the Lord Jesus Christ is to live ; I trust Him and 
 enjoy His peace. — James Macaulay in VolMtne II of ''''Short 
 Biographies for the Peopled 
 
 F. C. BRIDGEMAN, 
 
 Member of Parliament; British General. 
 
 AY I venture to give you an example of God's 
 . ^VdL answer to an impious prophecy? In the middle 
 ^'^^9? of the last century, Voltaire, perhaps the greatest 
 of atheistic writers, prophesied that within a 
 liundred years the Bible would be an unknown Book, or, if 
 it existed at all, it would exist in the museum of some col- 
 lector, who would point to it as a monument of the folly and 
 superstition of our ancestors. Well, more than a hundred 
 years have rolled away, and the very room in which that 
 prophecy was written is now one of the depots of the Brit- 
 ish and Foreign Bible Society in France, from which the 
 Scriptures are distributed to every town and hamlet in the 
 country. — From a Speech at the eighty fourth anniversary of 
 the British and Foreign Bible Society. 
 
 HENRY GEORGES S. O. DE BLOWITZ, 
 
 Journalist; Paris Correspondent London TimeG. 
 
 PREFER the Word of God, which teaches us not to 
 consider ourselves better than other men, because we 
 are dust ourselves. Humanity oscillates between 
 atheism, which rejects reason, and reason, which bows 
 to faith. Unless you can show me a religion which incul- 
 cates precepts more sublime than those of the Divine Phi- 
 losopher of Nazareth, leave me to my faith without seeking 
 to trouble it. — Review of Reviews^ May., 1896. 
 
48 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GEORGE NIXON BRIGGS, 
 
 Governor of Massachusetts, 1843-1851 ; Congressman Six Successive 
 C^ o _ Terms; and Philanthropist. (1796-1861.) 
 
 A V/ C)U go to an embassy compared with which all the 
 "XA embassies of men dwindle into insignificance. You 
 2*^53^ go forth as ambassadors of Christ. You go to 
 crumble idols — to convey light to benighted minds 
 — to kindle love to God in the souls of ungodly men. Who 
 can overestimate the qualifications necessary for such work ? 
 The fervent, effectual prayer shall ascend to the mercy seat for 
 you. You shall never see the day when your brethren who 
 sent you out shall turn their backs on you ; but look higher, 
 — the Saviour has told you, " Lo, I am with you alway, even 
 unto the end of the world." The Almighty Friend will al- 
 ways be at your side to sustain you. — Addressed to mission- 
 aries^ Buffalo^ May^ 1850, while President of the American 
 Baptist Missionary Union. 
 
 JOHN BRIGHT, 
 
 English Orator and Statesman. (1811-1889.) 
 
 E know that the Divine Founder of our faith has 
 left much more of the doings of a loving heart 
 than of ' dogma. What has always struck me 
 most in reading the Gospels is how much com- 
 passion there was with all that were sick and suffering. 
 
 We are a Christian nation; we draw our rule of doctrine 
 and practice from the living oracles of God, and from the 
 direct revelation of the Omnipotent. We have conceived the 
 magnificent project of illuminating the whole earth, even to 
 the remotest and darkest recesses, by the dissemination of the 
 Gospel. Within the limits of this island alone every Lord's 
 Day over 20,000 temples are thrown open, in which devout 
 men and women worship Him, who is the Saviour of the 
 world. — See pages 298, 462, ''Life and Times of the Right 
 Honorable John Bright^ ' ' by William Robertson. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 49 
 
 SIR WYKE BAYLISS, 
 
 President of the Royal Society of British Artists. 
 
 /jy71<^RT knew Christ only as the Son of Man, but the 
 ^^[^ image desired must be the Son of God. What 
 ^ (Q^* could the painter do? How should the Master be 
 differentiated from the malefactors? How should 
 the Divinity of the Crucified be manifested? And so through 
 the attempt to paint a creed instead of a fact Art became un- 
 true to the Church and the studio. The divinity of Christ 
 when He lived among men was not visible. Even His moth- 
 er did not know that He was God.— Page 120, "^ Painter'' s 
 Study of the Likeness of Christy ' ' by Sir Wyke Bayliss, 
 
 WILLIAM BROSS, 
 
 Journalist; Editor of the Chicago Tribune. (1813-1890.) 
 
 E answered these three questions regarding the ele- 
 ments of true success in life: 
 
 (i) What maxims have had a strong influence on 
 your life, and helped to your success? "The Proverbs 
 of Solomon and other Scriptures. They were quoted a thou- 
 sand times by my honored father, and caused an effort to do 
 my duty each day, under a constant sense of obligation to 
 my Saviour and fellow man." 
 
 (2) What do you consider essential elements of success 
 for a young man entering upon such a profession as yours? 
 *' Sterling, unflinching integrity in all matters, public and 
 private. Let everyone do his whole duty, both to God and 
 man. Let him follow earnestly the teachings of the Scriptures 
 and eschew infidelity in all its forms." 
 
 (3) What, in your observation, have been the chief causes 
 of the numerous failures in the life of business and profes- 
 sional men? '' Want of integrity, careless of the truth, 
 reckless in thought and expression, lack of trust in God, and 
 a disregard of the teachings of His Holy Word, bad company, 
 and bad morals in any of their many phases. — ^^ Successful 
 Business Men of To-day ^^^ by Wilbur F. Crafts^ p^g^ 232. 
 
50 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN BROOKS, 
 
 Physician; Governor of Massachusetts, 1816-1823. (1752-1825.) 
 
 LOOK back upon my humble life with humility. I 
 am sensible of many imperfections that cling to me. 
 I know that the present is neither the season nor the 
 place to begin the preparation for death. Our whole 
 life is given us for this great object, and the work of prepa- 
 ration should be early commenced, and be never relaxed till 
 the end of our days. To God I can appeal that it has been 
 my humble endeavor to serve Him with sincerity ; and 
 wherein I have failed, I trust in His grace to forgive. I now 
 rest my soul on the mercy of the adorable Creator, through 
 the only mediation of His Son, our Lord. — DixweWs Memoirs. 
 
 SIR THOMAS BROWNE, 
 
 English Physician and Author. (1605-1682,) 
 
 DARE, without usurpation, assume the honorable title 
 
 of a Christian I am of the same belief 
 
 our Saviour taught, the apostles disseminated, the 
 fathers authorized, and the martyrs confirmed. 
 I desire to exercise my faith in the difficultest point; for 
 to credit ordinary and visible objects is not faith, but per- 
 suasion. Some believe the better by seeing Christ's sepul- 
 chre ; and when they have seen the Red Sea, doubt not the 
 miracle. Now, contrarily, I bless myself and am thankful 
 that I lived not in the days of miracles, that I never saw 
 Christ nor His disciples. I would not have been one of 
 those Israelites that passed the Red Sea, nor one of Christ's 
 patients on whom He wrought His wonders ; then had my 
 faith been thrust upon me ; nor would I enjoy that greater 
 blessing pronounced to all that believe and saw not. 'Tis 
 an easy and necessary belief to credit what our eyes and 
 sense have examined. I believe He was dead and buried, 
 and rose again ; and desire to see Him in His glory, rather 
 than to contemplate him in His cenotaph or sepulchre. — 
 ^■^Religio-Medici^^^ pages 15 and 21^ by Sir Thomas Browne, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 51- 
 
 HENRY BROUGHAM, 
 
 English Statesman and Author. (1779-1868.) 
 
 ^HAT there should be no exclusion of religious in- 
 struction, but that, on the contrary, there should be 
 a direct recognition of it, is my very decided opinion. 
 I certainly am one of those who think that the bill 
 should contain, in positive and express terms, a provision 
 that in all schools founded, extended, or improved under 
 this bill, the Scriptures shall be read. When I say that the 
 Scriptures are one of the Books which should be read in the 
 schools, I, of course, mean that it should not be the only 
 Book read there : far from it ; God forbid : for the sake of 
 religion and the Bible itself, God forbid : but that, as a part 
 of the reading in such schools, the Holy Scriptures should 
 be used. — From a speeeh in the House of Lords in 1837. 
 
 CHARLES BROCKDEN BROWN, 
 
 Author and Journalist. (1771-1810.) 
 
 AVOW myself to be, without equivocation or reserve, 
 the ardent friend and the willing champion of the re- 
 ligion of Christ. Christian piety I revere as the 
 broadest excellence of human beings. — Page 164, 
 ' ' The Life of Charles Brockden Brown^ ' ' by William H, 
 Prescott^ in " The Library of Arnerican Biogtaphy^'*'* by 
 fared Sparks 
 
 lOHN R. BROOKE, 
 
 i^^VCf Major- General. 
 
 Y religious convictions are plainly stated in these 
 
 words : I believe in God the Father, God the Son 
 
 Q^ and God the Holy Ghost. This belief, grand and 
 
 simple, as was taught by our Saviour in the four 
 
 Gospels, holds the minds of a majority of the Christian 
 
52 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 TYCHO BRAHE, 
 
 Danish Astronomer. (1546-1601.) 
 
 'O man can be made happy and enjoy immortal life 
 but through the merits of Jesus Christ the Re- 
 deemer, the Son of God, and by the study of His 
 doctrines and the imitation of His example. — As- 
 tronomcB Instaurate Mechanica^ p. A. 
 
 GEORGES LOUIS LECLERC BUFFON, 
 
 French Naturalist; Member of the French Academy. 
 (1707-1788.) 
 
 DIE in the religion in which I was born, and publicly 
 attest that I believe in Jesus Christ, who came from 
 heaven to earth for the salvation of men. — To Mad- 
 ame Necker, page 303, Volume II, ' * The Salon of 
 Madame Necker^^^ by Viscomle D^ Mauser ville, 
 
 SIR GAINSFORD BRUCE, 
 
 Judge in the High Court of Justice, England. 
 
 jUR society does well to put in the very front of its 
 title the word " Religious." It is the Religious Tract 
 Society ; it draws its inspiration from the very source 
 and fount of light and knowledge. It is a noble alli- 
 ance of God's faithful people, differing no doubt, in some 
 smaller matters, but agreeing in those grand truths of Chris- 
 tianity which they hold in common. In this society you 
 liave a firm hold of your principles that have been professed 
 by loyal people for nineteen hundred years all over the world. 
 Yet while you are wide in your sympathy, and tolerant in 
 your action, you hold your principles very fast, and you pro- 
 fess no false alliance with those who would set forth a Christ- 
 ianity without a Christ, or a creed without a God. — An ad- 
 dress on taking the Chair at the ninety-fourth anniversary of 
 the Religious Tract Society, London. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 53 
 
 ROBERT BROWNING, 
 
 English Poet. (1812-1890.) 
 
 This Book's fruit's plain 
 And needs not miracle to justify 
 It any more. 
 
 Morality to the uttermost, 
 Supreme in Christ as we all confess, 
 Why need we prove what would avail no jot 
 To make Him God if God He were not ? 
 What is the point where Himself lays stress ? 
 Does the precept run, " Believe in Good, 
 In Justice, Truth, now understood 
 For the first time ? "—or " believe in Me, 
 Who lived and died, yet essentially 
 Am Lord of Life." 
 
 ^T is the great thing — 
 
 the greatest — that a 
 
 humble being should 
 have passed the pro- 
 bation of life, and should 
 sum up its experience in 
 a witness to the power 
 and love of God. I con- 
 gratulate you. All the 
 help I can offer is the as- 
 surance that I see more 
 reason to hold by the same 
 hope — and that by no means ignorant of what has been ad- 
 vanced against it. For your sake, I wish I had the genius 
 which you attribute to me — a specially privileged insight, 
 that I might put it in aid of the ordinary argument. For I 
 know I myself have been aware of something more than 
 ratiocinative process when the convictions of genius have 
 filled my soul to its depths ; as when Napoleon, shutting up 
 the New Testament, said of Christ : '' Do you know, I am 
 an understander of men? Well, He was no man." — Letter 
 to a sick friend. 
 
54 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOSEPH EMERSON BROWN, 
 
 United States Senator. (1821-1894.) 
 
 "N reply to your letter asking a few lines as to my opin= 
 ion of Christ and the Bible, I have to state with pleas- 
 ure that I believe the Holy Bible is the inspired Word 
 of God, and contains the only true rule of faith and 
 practice. I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, the 
 Sovereign of the universe, and the Saviour of all who be- 
 lieve in Him. 
 
 ROBERT BRUCE. 
 
 King of Scots. (1274-1329.) 
 
 VOWED to God that if I should live to see an end of 
 my wars, I would then set out in person, and carry 
 on war against the enemies of my Lord and Saviour to 
 the best of my power. Never had my heart ceased 
 to bend to this point, but our Lord has not consented thereto, 
 for I have had my hands full in my days, and now at last I 
 am seized with this grievious sickness, so that, as you all see, 
 I have nothing to do but to die. And since my body can not 
 go thither, and accomplish that which my heart hath so 
 much desired, I have resolved to send my heart there, in 
 place of my body, to fulfill my vow. ... In place of 
 myself, therefore, I entreat thee, my dear and tried friend, 
 that for the love you bear me, you will undertake this voyage, 
 and acquit my soul of its debt to my Saviour. — To Sir James 
 Douglas. Page 27, Volume /, of ''Chronicles of England, 
 France^ Spain^ and the Adjoining Countries, ' ' by Sir John 
 Froissart, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 55 
 
 JOHN BROWN, 
 
 Reformer. (1800- 1859.) 
 
 COMMEND you all to Him "whose mercy enduretk 
 forever," to the God of my fathers, "whose I am, and 
 whom I serve." "He will never leave you nor for- 
 sake you." Finally, my dearly beloved, be of good 
 comfort ! Be sure to remember and follow my advice, and 
 my example, too, so far as it has been consistent with the 
 holy religion of Jesus Christ, in which I remain a most firm 
 and humble believer. Never forget the poor, nor think any- 
 thing in them to be lost in you, even though they may be 
 black as Ebedmelech, the Ethiopian eunuch, who cared for 
 Jeremiah in the pit of the dungeon ; or as black as the one 
 to whom Philip preached Christ. — Page 580, " Z^/^ and 
 Letters of John Brown^^ by Frank B. Sanborn. 
 
 SIR GEORGE BRUCE, 
 
 English Statesman. 
 
 ^71^ ND what a blank it would be to-day if the religious 
 ^A^^ agencies working for Jesus Christ were wiped out 
 ^ (y^ of existence, how crippled would various agencies 
 be over the earth. Because, if ever there was a 
 time when it was necessary, in order to the carrying out of 
 the great evangel, that there should be a pure literature, a 
 literature steeped with the testimony of God's love, it is 
 to-day. . . . It is necessary that the Christian Church 
 should see that the power of the press is wielded so that the 
 truth shall be within reach of all our children, literature 
 which shall do them good, and give them something which 
 they can have in their hand to tell them of Christ and His 
 great salvation. — Delivered in Exeter Hall at the Anniver- 
 sary Meeting of the Religious Tract Society^ May 8, 1891. 
 
56 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FELIX BRUNOT, 
 
 President of the American Reform Association; 
 Philanthropist. 
 
 REJOICE in the thought that my feet were early 
 guided to my Saviour, Jesus Christ. He is now the 
 Rock on whom I rest all my comfort and trust ; as 
 earthly things lose power to impart real joy, heavenly 
 things abound in peace and consolation. 
 
 The Holy Scriptures, given to man by Divine inspiration, 
 that reveals to us this wonderful and blessed Redeemer, is 
 daily more prized by me, and taken in its plainest meaning, 
 I find it a sufficient and abiding guide under all the condi- 
 tions of life. 
 
 / ^ ^^A--M^<^, 
 
 JAMES BUCHANAN, 
 
 Fifteenth President of the United States. (1791-1868.) 
 
 "E are both at a period of life when it is our duty 
 to relax our grasp on the world fast receding, and 
 fix our thoughts, desires, and affections on One 
 who knows no change. I trust in God that, 
 through the merits and atonement of His Son, we may both 
 be prepared for the inevitable change. — ^''Life of James Bu- 
 £hanan^'' by George Tichnor Curtis. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE JAMES BRYCE, 
 
 Member of Parliament since 1880 ; Author. 
 
 VERY soul is precious, because it is in direct relation 
 to God. The value of man's soul is measured by the 
 death of the Saviour. It is indeed the sheet-anchor 
 of humanity. ... All men are born equal ; all 
 men die equal ; all souls are immortal, and Christ died for 
 all. — ''Equality,^' by James Bryce, " The Century Illustrated 
 Magazine, ' ' July, 1898. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 57 
 
 JAMES BUCHANAN. 
 
 Congressman. 
 
 COUNT that man my worst enemy who would en- 
 deavor to weaken my faith in the Bible as the very 
 revealed Word of God, or in Jesus Christ as the 
 atonement for sin. He would darken for me the 
 only light which shines over and beyond the dark river. 
 He would take from me the only hope I have that my sinful 
 nature may be purified, and fitted to dwell in happiness in 
 the presence of a pure and sinless God forever. 
 
 ^ 4^4. <^*./^ ^^C^U..^^ 
 
 ^<^^^< 
 
 WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT, 
 
 Poet and Journalist. (1794-1878.) 
 
 'HE sacredness of 
 
 the Bible awes me, 
 
 and I approach it 
 
 with the same sort 
 •of reverential feeling that 
 an ancient Hebrew might 
 be supposed to feel who 
 was about to touch the ark 
 of God with unhallowed 
 hands. — Park Goodwin^ s 
 ''''Life of William Cullen 
 Bryant,^^ 
 
 I can not but lament the 
 tendency of the time, en- 
 couraged by some in the 
 zealous prosecution of science, to turn its attention from the 
 teachings of the Gospel, for the beautiful precepts of Christ's 
 life, and the supremely excellent precepts which He gave 
 His disciples, and the people who resorted to hear Him. To 
 
58 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 these teachings the world owes its recovery from the abom- 
 inations of heathenism. The very men who, in the pride of 
 their investigations into the secrets of the internal world, turn 
 a look of scorn upon the Christian system of belief, are not 
 aware how much of the peace and order of society, how 
 much the happiness of households, and the purest of those 
 who are dearest to them, are owing to the influence of that 
 religion extending beyond their sphere. ... In my view,, 
 the life, the teachings, the labors, and the sufferings of the- 
 blessed Jesus, there can be no admiration too profound, no 
 love of which the human heart is capable too warm, no grati- 
 tude too earnest and deep of which He is justly the object. — 
 Page 275, ^''Life of William Cullen Bryant^^ by John Bigelow,. 
 This poet's daughter says: '^At Naples he made a public 
 profession of faith in Christ as his personal Saviour." — Page 
 278 ^ last authority. 
 
 WILLIAM ALFRED BUCKINGHAM, 
 
 "War Governor." (1804-1875.) 
 
 WAS then, as always afterwards, impressed with his 
 earnest advocacy of the cause of the weak, his Chris- 
 tian faith, and what was far more, his Christian life.'* 
 " There is, in this unbelieving generation, a loud,, 
 desperate, if not devilish element, hoping nothing here, and 
 fearing nothing hereafter, which screams with derision of the 
 Christian statesman. Standing by the grave of Governor 
 Buckingham, I must not forget to tell the world that he was 
 a Christian statesman." 
 
 " He can well bear the name of Christian statesman ; for 
 though in these days, when clouds of calumny are thick 
 about the heads of all men in public life, it is the fashion of 
 some to speak sneeringly of Christian statesmen, yet the 
 bitterest scoffer and traducer can well mention the name of 
 William A. Buckingham as a Christian statesman without a 
 sneer.— Prom Memorial Addresses of Congressmen and Sena- 
 tors^ delivered in Washington.^ February 27 and March i, 1877* 
 
POPULAR AMERICAN JOURNALISTS, 
 
 Whitelaw Reid, 
 
 Page 378. 
 
 Charles Anderson Dana, Herman H. Kohlsaat, 
 
 Page 112. Page 268. 
 
 George William Curtis, 
 
 Page 1 10. 
 
 Henry Watterson, Henry Woodfin Grady. 
 
 Page 490. Page 168. 
 
 Elliott F. Shepard, 
 
 Page 408. 
 

 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 59 
 
 GEORGE EUGENE BELKNAP,* 
 
 Rear-Admiral United States Navy. 
 
 nation can materially enlarge her borders and rise 
 to great ascendancy except on the basis of Christian- 
 ) ^ ity and its revealed Word. In such ferment of un- 
 rest, such tumult of change, the old religions will 
 surely give way to the power of the Cross. 
 
 The Light of the World will irradiate those fair lands. 
 The utterly indifferent temperament of the Chinese conduces 
 to this ambition of Japan, and so surely as she accomplishes 
 her lofty ambition, so surely will the Cross of our Saviour be 
 uplifted over it all in all the significance of its power, 
 
 * "As an eye-witness, I assert it to be a fact beyond contradiction that 
 there is not an ofl&cial, or any other person, from emperors, down to the 
 lowest coolies in China and Japan, who are not indebted every day to the 
 work of our American Missionaries." 
 
 EDWARD GEORGE E. BULWER-LYTTON, 
 
 British Novelist. (1805-1873.) 
 
 GOD ! " the last Crusader cried, 
 "And art Thou careless of Thine own ? 
 For us Thy Son in Salem died, 
 And Salem is the Scoflfer's throne ! " 
 
 Swift as he spoke, before his sight, 
 A form flashed, white-robed, from above; 
 All Heaven was in those looks of light, 
 But Heaven, whose native air is love. 
 
 "Alas ! " the solemn vision said, 
 " Thy God is of the shield and spear — 
 To bless the quick and raise the dead 
 The Saviour-God descended here ! 
 
 "Ask not the Father to reward 
 
 The hearts that seek, through blood, the Son; 
 
 O warrior, never by the sword 
 
 The Saviour's Holy Land is won ! " 
 
6o A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JEAN DE LA BR.UYERE, 
 
 French Author and Moralist. (1646-1696.) 
 
 COULD not be an atheist. ... I admire God itr 
 His works and Word, and I seek by the knowledge of 
 the truth to regulate my mind and heart and become 
 better. . . . When we admit the coming of Christ, 
 His mission, and His grace, of what help, of what use, I pray 
 you, could they be to man if they did not strengthen his 
 weakness; if, finding himself inclined to vice, they did not 
 reform him ; and if they did not make him strong and perse- 
 vering in righteousness? — ''Dialogue II I ^^^ p^g^ 589. 
 
 EDWARD ROBERT BULWER-LYTTON, 
 
 British Poet. (1331-1891.) 
 
 WHO BY SEARCHING CAN FIND OUT GOD? 
 
 Our nature is not one with the Divine. 
 
 Not so. The Man-God dies ; and by His death 
 Doth with His own immortal Hfe combine 
 
 The spirit pining in this mortal breath. 
 Who from Himself, Himself did alienate, 
 
 That He, returning to Himself, might pave 
 
 A pathway hence, to heaven from the grave, 
 For man to follow through the heavenly gate. 
 
 And so the Prince of Life, in dying, gave 
 
 Undying life to mortals. Once He stood 
 Among His fellows this side the grave, 
 
 A man, perceptible to flesh and blood : 
 Now, taken from our sight. He dwells no less 
 
 Within our mortal memory and thought ; 
 
 The mystery of all He was and wrought 
 Is made a part of general consciousness. 
 And in this consciousness I reach repose. 
 
A C1.0UD OF WITNESSES. 6l 
 
 CHRISTIAN KARL JOSIAS BUNSEN, 
 
 Prussian Scholar and Ambassador. (1791-1860.) 
 
 ITH all feebleness and imperfection I have ever 
 lived, striven after, and willed the best and no- 
 blest only. But the best and noblest is to have 
 known Jesus Christ. . . . Christ is the Son 
 of God, and we only His sons if the spirit of love which was 
 in Christ is also in us. — Pages 390 and 392, '' Memoir s^^^ by 
 Frances Baroness Bu7tsen. 
 
 I hope that our children and our children's children will 
 see religious liberty, not only in this land and in my own 
 countr}^, but over the whole world ; when the Bible and the 
 faith of the Gospel will form the basis, as it is the only 
 basis, of civil and religious liberty, for the Bible is the only 
 cement of nations, and the only cement that can bind relig- 
 ious hearts together ; and that this great and glorious insti- 
 tution, the mother of hundreds of blessed institutions all 
 over the world, will be at the head of all, proclaiming the 
 Word of God as the foundation of all peace and happiness in 
 this world, and in that which is to come. — A passage in an 
 address before the British and Foreign Bible Society^ 1852. 
 
 '^ 
 
 ROBERT JONES BURDETTE, 
 
 Humorist. 
 
 .HRIST, our Saviour, alone stands high as heaven above 
 <^ all criticism. Like the Wise Men, led by the stars, 
 we fall at His feet and worship Him to declare: "I 
 see no fault in Him," and then order Him to be put 
 to death. "Whereunto shall I liken my kingdom?" ex- 
 claimed the Christ. And the highest intellect, the pro- 
 foundest knowledge, scanning every page of history, can find 
 no man or angel with whom we can compare Jesus of Naza- 
 reth, the Man incomparable, the very God. 
 
62 . A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 BJORNSTJERNE BJORNSON, 
 
 Norwegian Author. 
 
 CHORUS WITHIN THE CHURCH. 
 
 ^-^ 
 
 \OME, child, come, bride, 
 To God's own side. 
 From grief find rest 
 On Jesus' breast. 
 Rest thy burden of sorrow 
 
 On Horeb's height ; 
 Like the lark, with tomorrow 
 
 Shall thy soul take flight. 
 
 Here stilled is all yearning, 
 No passion returning, 
 No terror came near thee 
 Where the Saviour can hear thee ! 
 For He, if in need be 
 
 Thy storm-beaten soul. 
 Though it bruised as a reed be, 
 
 Shall raise it up whole. 
 
 ELIHU BURRITT, 
 
 Author and Linguist. (1810-1879,) 
 
 HAT is remarkable, when he (Junius Brutus Booth) 
 was inclined to give an illustration of this faculty 
 to private circles of friends he nearly always select- 
 ed some passages of Job, David, or Isaiah, or other 
 holy men of old. When an aspiring professor of Harvard 
 went to him by night to ask a little advice or instruction in 
 qualifying himself for an orator, the veteran tragedian opened 
 the Bible from Isaiah in a way that made the Cambridge 
 scholar tremble with awe, as if the prophet had risen from 
 the dead, and was uttering sublime visions in his ear. 
 
 John SmeaTON, (1724-1792), Originator and Builder of the " Eddystone 
 Ivighthouse." He had learned the value of religious truth, and in passing 
 through the valley and shadow of death, his sole help was the mercy of a 
 Redeemer ; and hence he listened with delight to the promises of Holy 
 Writ. — "77f^ Story of John Smeaton aud the Eddystone Light housed 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 63 
 
 Suppose, for instance, we could see with their eyes the 
 historical God of the universe, as He sees them; that He 
 could, as it were, photograph their impersonation of His 
 being • the humanity they made Him wear ; the throne they 
 seat Him on ; the crown they place on His head ; the robes 
 they clothe Him with ; His heaven. His angels, our Saviour 
 at His side ; and the spirits of the just made perfect in the 
 forms they give them. If we could see all these embodi- 
 ments of their conception, we should get a clear view of the 
 faculty of idealism in the highest realm of spiritual life, as 
 well as in that general progress and well-being of mankind 
 which we call civilization. — See ^''Life of Elihu Burritt^^ by 
 Charles Northend. 
 
 ROBERT BURNS, 
 
 Scottish Poet. (1759-1796.) 
 
 ?y7\? mind pervaded, actuated, and governed by purity, 
 ^^LQJL truth, and charity, though it does not merz'^ heaven, 
 ^ (v y^^ ^^ ^^ ^^ absolutely necessary prerequisite, with- 
 out which heaven can neither be obtained nor 
 enjoyed ; and by Divine promise such -a mind shall never 
 fail of "attaining everlasting life;" hence the impure, the 
 deceiving, and the uncharitable extrude themselves from 
 eternal bliss by their unfitness for enjoying it. The Supreme 
 Being has put the immediate administration of all this, for 
 wise and good ends known to Himself, into the hands of 
 Jesus Christ, a great Personage, whose relations to Him we 
 can not comprehend, but whose relation to us is that of guide 
 and Saviour ; and who except for our obstinacy and miscon- 
 duct, will bring us all, through various ways and by various 
 means, to bliss at last. — See ^^Development of English Liter- 
 ature and Language ^''^ Volume LL^ page 236, by Alfred Welsh, 
 
 I cast myself on the Lord Jesus Christ for mercy. — John 
 Randolph' s last words. 
 
64 
 
 A ClyOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 EDMUND BURKE, 
 
 English Statesman and Orator. {1729-1797.) 
 
 IRST, according to 
 cO I !\ the ancient, good, and 
 ^-^ laudable custom, of 
 which my heart and 
 understanding recognize the 
 propriety, I bequeath my 
 soul to God, hoping for His 
 mercy through the only 
 merits of our Lord and Sav- 
 iour Jesus Christ. — P. 441, 
 Volume 11^ ^^Life of Edmund 
 Burke ^^^ by Robert Bissel. 
 The Scripture is no one 
 summary of doctrines regularly digested, in which a man 
 could not mistake his way ; it is a most remarkable, but most 
 multifarious, collection of the records of the Divine economy ; 
 a collection of an infinite variety of theology, history, prophe- 
 cy, psalmody, morality, allegory, legislation, carried through 
 different books, by .different authors, at different ages, for 
 different ends and purposes. — Page 90, Volume VI^ ^^The 
 Works and Correspondence of the Right Honorable Edmund 
 Burked 
 
 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN BUTLER, 
 
 Lawyer and Attorney-General under President Jackson. 
 (1795-1858.) 
 
 E is truly happy, whatever may be his temporal con- 
 dition, who can call God his Father in the full assur- 
 ance of faith and hope. And amid all his trials, con- 
 flicts, and doubts, the feeblest Christian is still com- 
 paratively happy ; because cheered by the hope — faint and 
 humble though it be — that the hour is coming when he 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 65 
 
 shall be delivered from "this* body of sin and death," and in 
 the vision of his Redeemer, and by a never-ending pro- 
 gression in knowledge and virtue, approximate to the per- 
 fection and felicity of angels. Not only does the Bible in- 
 culcate, with sanctions of the highest import, a system of the 
 purest morality, but in the person and character of our 
 blessed Saviour it exhibits a tangible illustration of that sys- 
 tem. In Him we have set before us — what, till the publica- 
 tion of the Gospel, the world had never seen — a model of 
 feeling and action, adapted to all times, places, and circum- 
 stances; and combining so much of wisdom, benevolence, 
 and holiness, that none can fathom its sublimity ; and yet, 
 presented in a form so simple, that even a child may be 
 made to understand and taught to love it. — From an address 
 delivered at Alexandria^ D. C, 1834. 
 
 MARIE FERDINAND BRUNETIERE, 
 
 Semitic Editor of the Revue des Deux Mondes; one of the Forty 
 Immortals of the French Academy. 
 
 "AS science fulfilled one of the promises with which it 
 started? Has it, as Condorcet thought, established 
 a universal morality? Has it "organized humanity," 
 as Renan expected it to do? Has it told man any- 
 thing of his origin or destiny? Has it even explained the 
 origin of language, of society, or laws of conduct? The 
 Hellenists, it is true, have discovered the scattered fragments 
 of the Sermon on the Mount in the "Manual of Epictetus" 
 or the " Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius." But they have never 
 explained why the Sermon on the Mount has conquered the 
 world, while the Manual and the Thoughts have remained 
 barren pieces of literature. After all has been said,'^ there 
 remains something in Christianity which Hellenism can not 
 explain. The Hebraists have no better fortune. . . . But 
 after all their labors there remains something in the Bible 
 which is found in no other book and in no other history. — 
 '•^Bankruptcy of Science ^''^ by M. Bitmeteire. 
 
66 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HEZEKIAH BUTTERWORTH, 
 
 Author. 
 
 ARABBAS saw the darkened eartli 
 
 When came the hour of noon, 
 And slept in peace when Jesus wept 
 
 Beneath the paschal moon. 
 O man of sin ! in Thee I see 
 
 Myself redeemed by grace ; 
 The blood-stained Cross that rose for thee 
 
 Took every sinner's place. 
 
 SIR GEORGE BADEN-POWELL, 
 
 Late Member of British Parliament 1885- 1898. Political Economist. 
 
 (1847-1898.) 
 
 HAVE traveled a good deal, both in the tropics and 
 Arctic, and I have known of many sailors who have 
 been brought from godless men to our Lord and Sav- 
 iour. By sowing the good seed of God's Word we 
 can reap a great harvest, and thus discharge our duty to our 
 seamen, our country, and our common Christianity. — From 
 ' ' The Word on the Waters. ' ' 
 
 SIR HENRY HOWE BEMROSE, 
 
 Member of British Parliament. 
 
 ^LD faiths are giving way to the Christian faith, and 
 wherever the flag of a nation is planted the flag of 
 Prince Immanuel is planted. An American Commo- 
 dore (*), on entering the Bay of Yeddo, placed the 
 American flag on the capstan of the ship and on the flag an 
 open Bible, and the sound of Old Hundred sang by the crew 
 echoed in the bay. This seems a type of what is going on 
 under our eyes to-day ; a prophecy of that for which we must 
 pray and work, that the kingdoms of this world shall be the 
 kingdom of God and His Christ. — Church Missionary Intelli- 
 gencer^ June^ 1896. 
 
 *See page 350. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 07 
 
 SIR THOMAS FOWELL BUXTON, 
 
 English Philanthropist. (1786-1845.) 
 
 HOLD the Scriptures with great interest, and, I want 
 to say, happiness. I am sure that some of the best 
 hours that I spend are while reading my Bible, which 
 is as great as a Book can be. — Page 169, ''Study for 
 Young Men^ ' ' by Thomas Btnney. 
 
 May we, whilst here, whether called to do or to suffer, be 
 each other's joy in the Lord, and when the end comes, 
 through a Saviour's love and merits, may we behold the 
 King in His beauty, and rejoice in His presence forever. 
 
 . The Lord bless us with a sense of His mercy, His love, 
 and His indulgent kindness to us, and give us an anxious 
 desire to serve him, and to please him for Christ's sake. — 
 Pages 595, 601, 0/ his Life^ by Charles Buxton. 
 
 SIR THOMAS FOWELL BUXTON, 
 
 'English Statesman. 
 
 E can not help but believe that in spite of the con- 
 flicts, one thing has gone steadily on, and that is, 
 love for the Bible and for Christian truth. — From 
 a missionary talk at Exeter Hall^ May 2, 1892. 
 At the beginning of the week was held the annual meeting 
 of the Church Missionary Society. I suppose it was never 
 better attended, and the great truth was never more power- 
 fully enforced that it is one of the central duties of the Chris- 
 tian Church to convey the Gospel of our Lord and Saviour 
 Jesus Christ to all the heathen and Mohammedan world. The 
 next day was held the meeting of the Bible Society, and 
 there, too, its supporters were reminded of the great duty 
 which lies upon us of making the Word of God known 
 throughout the world. And this evening we are met to know 
 how far the work of this Society is carrying on and helping 
 
68 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 the same important purpose, how far it is performing its part 
 toward helping the great work of societies such as those by 
 the supply of literature which will attract by every art known 
 to those who make books, and which by its books, leaflets, 
 pamphlets, and tracts shall prepare the way to extend the 
 knowledge of the Word of God. — Extract of an address as 
 Chairman of the Religious Tract Society^ May 6, 1887. 
 
 LORD GEORGE GORDON BYRON, 
 
 English Poet (1788-1824.) 
 
 ^N the fifteenth canto of one of his poems, he asks these 
 questions: 
 
 " Was it not so, great Locke ? and greater Bacon ? 
 Great Socrates ? and Thou, Diviner still ? (^) 
 
 In the footnote referred to he defines his meaning more 
 particularly : " (*) As it is necessary in these times to avoid 
 ambiguity, I say that I mean by ' Diviner still,' Christ. If 
 ever God was man, or man God, he was both. I never ar- 
 raigned His creed, but the use or abuse of it." — Page 339, 
 Volume X^ British Poets. 
 
 "Prayer," said Lord Byron, at Cephalonia, "does not con- 
 sist in the act of kneeling, nor in repeating words in a solemn 
 manner. Devotion is the affection of the heart, and this I 
 feel ; for when I view the wonders of creation, I bow to the 
 majesty of Heaven, and when I feel the enjoyment of life, 
 health, and happiness, I am grateful to God for having be- 
 stowed these upon me." All that is well, so far as it goes, 
 but to be a Christian, you must go farther. "I read more of 
 the Bible than you are aware," he continued; "I have a Bi- 
 ble which my slater gave me, who is an excellent woman, 
 and I read it very often." He then went into his bedroom, 
 on saying this, and brought out a pocket Bible, finely bound, 
 and showed it to me. — ^^ Kennedy'' s Conversation with Lord 
 Byron^^ page 135; also^ see footnote in ''''Cainy 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 69 
 
 HENRY CALDERWOOD, 
 
 Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University 
 of Edinburg. 
 
 HE Bible makes it essential to the government of the 
 <^ world, in harmony with fixed laws, that God should 
 be the hearer and answerer of the prayer of His in- 
 telligent creatures, always pointing to reliance upon 
 the Saviour's work as the test of the reality of the exercise 
 in the case of all who profess the written revelation of His 
 will, in the glorious gospel of Jesus Christ. — Pages 307 and 
 310, ''^Relation of Science and Religion^'' by Henry C alder- 
 wood. 
 
 SIR LEONARD CALVERT, 
 
 (LORD BALTIMORE.) 
 
 Founder of Maryland (1582-1632.) 
 
 DO further swear that I will not myself, nor any other 
 person, directly or indirectly, trouble, molest, or dis- 
 countenance any person whatever, in the said prov- 
 ince, professing to believe in Jesus Christ. — Form of 
 oath prescribed by Lord Baltimore in Governor Stone'' s time. 
 Great and manifold are the benefits wherewith ' Almighty 
 God hath blessed this colony, first brought and planted 
 within the province of Maryland, at your lordship's charge, 
 and continued by your care and industry, in the happy resti- 
 tution of a blessed peace unto us, being lately wasted by a 
 miserable dissension and unhappy war. But more estimable 
 are the blessings poured, on this province, in planting Chris- ; 
 tianity among a people that knew not God, nor had heard of 
 Christ. All which, we recognize and acknowledge to be done 
 and performed, next under God, by your lordship's pious in- 
 tention towards the advancement and propagation of the 
 Christian religion, and the peace and happiness of this col- 
 ony and province. — A vote passed by the Assembly in eulogy of 
 Lord Baltimore^ three years after his death. Pages 178 and 
 227, Volume XIX^ Spark's ''''Library of American Biography.'''* 
 
yo A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON CABLE, 
 
 Author and Lecturer. 
 
 ^ 
 
 jS^T^^ ounce of reverence founded on one's own personal 
 \f^5V convictions of Scripture truth is worth in God's sight 
 a hundredweight of mere traditional reverence. 
 The Bible, even if every separate word of it be 
 Divinely inspired, is only Christianity's revelation, the tree 
 that bears Christianity. The words of Christ, hanging from 
 that tree, are its fruit. 
 
 All our study of the Bible, with or without books, should 
 give us a result within ourselves, independent of books at 
 last, and from first to last should be faithful, diligent thinking 
 — a thinking unceasingly centered upon the problem ; how 
 more and more clearly and fully, day by day, to achieve in all 
 our being, not Scripture lore, but the likeness — and to apply 
 in all our doings the principle of Jesus Christ, our Lord. — 
 Extracts from the ''''Busy Mart's Bible ^^ by George W, Cable, 
 
 GEORGE JOHN DOUGLAS CAMPBELL, 
 
 (DUKE OF ARGYLL.) 
 
 British Statesman and Author. 
 
 jN the absence of Revelation, or the teachings of Au- 
 thority, fancy and imagination have no guide and are 
 under no restraint. 
 
 Of the origin of religion, indeed, as we have already 
 seen, history can tell us nothing, because, unless the Mosaic 
 narrative be accepted, there is no history of the origin of man. 
 Christianity solves the difficulty in giving form or sub- 
 stance to our conception of the God-head by presenting the 
 image of a Divine humanity and the history of a perfect life. 
 
 First Marquis of Argyi^e (1598-1661): I could die like a Roman, 
 but choose rather to die like a Christian ! God is sealing my charter to a 
 better inheritance ! 
 
 Ninth Earl of Argyle ( . . . 1685) : I freely forgive all men their 
 wrong and injuries done against me, as I desire to be forgiven of God! 
 Lord Jesus, receive me into Thy glory! — See "'Heroes of the Faith''' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 7 1 
 
 How dififerent this idea of the methods in which the Divine 
 Spirit operates on the minds of men from the idea held on 
 the same subject by that great Apostle of our Lord, whose 
 work it was to spread among the Gentile world those concep- 
 tions which had so long been the special heritage of one 
 peculiar people ! How cautious Paul is when expressing an 
 opinion not directly sanctioned by an authority higher than 
 his own ! "I think also that I have the Spirit of God." — 
 Pages 500, 504 and 511, "TVe^ Unity of Nature ^^^ by the Duke 
 of Argyll. 
 
 WILL CARLETON, 
 
 Poet and Author. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM "FESTIVALS OF THE 
 cvoo NATIONS." 
 
 t^y^ITTLE by little, as God gives us light, 
 C 1/We read the sacred cipher of His Word ; 
 ^jS^Not only of His Word, but of His works. 
 Doth He reveal Himself. 
 
 Mariners of royal life, 
 
 You who have sailed the waves of strife ; 
 
 You who have breasted war's red billows, 
 
 For the meed of sacred fame. 
 
 And Christ's holy sacred name. 
 
 Now in heathen lands his wraith 
 
 In that sepulchre still lies, 
 'Mid those hordes of pagan faith. 
 Sad and suffering are his eyes. 
 Drooping are His nail-scarred hands. 
 
 FRANCIS MARION CRAWFORD, 
 
 British Novelist. ' 
 
 IHRIST gave His life for us, rot because of our honor, 
 \^ but because of our dishonor and our sins, which are 
 so many and grievous ; and having atoned for us in 
 His holy passion, He was laid at rest, after the man- 
 ner of men. And the place where He rested is sacred, for 
 the Lord from heaven lay therein. — See Via Crucis, by F. 
 Marion Crawford. 
 
72 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GEORGE CANNING, 
 
 Prime Minister of England. (1770-1827.) 
 
 ON THE DEATH OF HIS SON. 
 
 INCE this world was not the world for thee, 
 Far from thy path removed with partial care 
 Strife, glory, gain, and pleasures, flowery snare, 
 Bade earth's temptations pass thee powerless by, 
 And fixed in heaven thine unreverting eye ! 
 Oh, marked from birth and nurtured for the skies : 
 In youth with more than learning's wisdom wise ! 
 As sainted martyrs, patient to endure ! 
 Simple as unweaned infancy, and pure — 
 Pure from all stain (save that of human clay, 
 Which Christ's atoning blood hath washed away !) 
 By mutual sufferings now no more oppressed. 
 Mount sinless spirit to thy destined rest ! — 
 
 — Aldeiis CyclopcBdia of Universal Literature. 
 
 THOMAS CAMPBELL, 
 
 English Poet. (1777-1844.) 
 
 mAy^ opportunity served, and the attention of the sufferer 
 ^^LqV could be aroused, passages from the Scripture, par- 
 ^ \Q^ ticularly from the Gospels and Epistles, were read, 
 and he expressed perfect assurance of hope through 
 the atonement of the Saviour. On several occasions he de- 
 clared to his niece a vivid sense of the beauty and sublimity 
 of the Bible. Toward the end he called her to his couch 
 and said : ''Come, let us sing praises to Christ;" and then 
 pointing to the bed-side, he added, "Sit here." Miss Camp- 
 bell questioned, "Shall I pray for you?" "Oh, yes," he re- 
 plied, "let us pray for one another." It was not long after 
 this that he passed away in sweet peace. — See Biography 
 published with his poems. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 73 
 
 THOMAS CARLYLE, 
 
 British Essayist and Historian. (1795-1881.) 
 
 HE Hebrew 
 
 Bible, is it 
 
 not before 
 
 all things 
 true as no other 
 book ever was or 
 will be ?—P^^^ 388, 
 ''^Miscellaneous Pa- 
 pers?'' 
 
 In the poorest 
 cottage are books : 
 is one Book where- 
 in, for several thou- 
 sands of years, the 
 spirit of man has 
 
 found light, and 
 
 nourishment, and an interpreting response to whatever is 
 
 deepest in him. — Essays : ''^Corn-Law Rhymes.^'' 
 
 The Bible itself has, in all changes ©f theory about it, this 
 as its highest distinction : that it is the truest of all books. 
 The Book springs, every word of it, from the intensest con- 
 victions, from the very heart's core, of those who penned it ; 
 and has not that been a successful Book ? Did all the Pater- 
 noster Rows of the world ever hear of one so successful ? — 
 ^^ Critical and Miscellaneoiis Essays^ 
 
 If thou ask to what height man has carried it, look to our 
 divinest symbol: Jesus of Nazareth, and His life, and His 
 biography, and what followed therefrom. Higher has the 
 human thought never reached ; this is Christianity and 
 Christendom — a symbol of quite perennial, infinite character, 
 whose significance will ever demand to be anew inquired 
 into and anew made manifest. — '•''Sartor Resartus^'''' Book 
 III, Chapter TIL 
 
74 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 What was it to the Pharaohs of Egypt of that old era if 
 Jethro, the Midianite priest and grazier, accepted the He- 
 brew outlaw as his herdsman ? Yet the Pharaohs, with all 
 their chariots of war, are buried deep in wrecks of time ; 
 and Moses still lives; not among his own tribe only, but in 
 the hearts and daily business of civilized nations. Nay, to 
 take an infinitely higher instance : who has ever forgotten 
 those lines of Tacitus, inserted as a small, transitory, alto- 
 gether trifling circumstance in the history of such a potentate 
 as Nero ? To us it is the most earnest and strongly signifi- 
 cant passage that we know to exist in writing: *'So for 
 quieting of this rumor [of having set fire to Rome], Nero 
 judicially charged with the crime and punished with the 
 most studied severities that class hated for their general 
 wickedness, whom the vulgar call Christians, The origin- 
 ator of that name was one Christy who, in the reign of Ti- 
 berius, suffered death by the sentence of the Procurator 
 Pontius Pilate. ' ' — " Critical and Miscellaneous Essays, ' ' 
 
 LORD CRAN BORNE, 
 
 Member of Parliament since 1885. 
 
 HRISTIAN imperialism pledges the fulfillment of the 
 <^ Divine promise that the kingdoms of this world 
 shall become the kingdoms of our Lord and His 
 Christ. I do not care in what quarter of the globe it 
 may be, what may be the political exigencies of the time, 
 what colleges of secular instruction you may establish, un- 
 less, sooner or later, in due time, you carry with those in- 
 stitutions the definite teachings of Christianity, you have 
 done nothing at all. We must put the religion of Christ 
 before everything else. — See Address, May^ 1899, Exeter 
 Hall, Church Missionary Society, 
 
 Henry Hai.i.am, British Historian (1777-1859): I see 
 the Bible fits into every fold and crevice of the human heart. 
 I am a man, and I believe that this is God's Book because it 
 is man's Book. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 75 
 
 JAMES A. CAMPBELL, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 OW the Lord seems to have taken the key into His 
 own hands. He opens and no man shuts; He shuts 
 and no man can open. He has turned the keys of 
 most all these doors : He has opened them in Africa ; 
 He has opened them in China; He has opened them in 
 Japan ; He has opened them in Northwestern America ; He 
 has opened them in the islands of the sea. The point we 
 have to consider is, shall we or shall we not enter into these 
 open doors? Oh, I pray with all my heart and soul that we 
 may with one heart and one voice exclaim, "Lord Jesus, 
 open, we will enter! " — Page 159, Volume /, ^''Report of the 
 Missionary Conferences^ London^ 1888. 
 
 FRANKLIN CARTER, 
 
 President of Williams College. 
 
 DO not believe that testimonies from any merely hu- 
 man source can in the least compare for authority 
 with Christ's testimony of Himself. All goes back to 
 His Divine character and work, and to the response 
 of the mind that loves purity and goodness to His life and 
 words. We may safely affirm that the character wholly 
 modified on His precepts and example is not surpassed in the 
 annals of human goodness. 
 
 EARL OF CAVAN, 
 
 British Statesman and Philanthropist. (1819-1887.) 
 
 F it is indeed true that our adorable Redeemer is at the 
 very gates, we ought to be ready and waiting for His 
 triumphant appearance when He shall change our vile 
 bodies into the likeness of His glorious body. He is a 
 
 present Saviour to every one who believes in Him. — See 
 
 Mildmay Conference Addresses ^ 1882. 
 
76 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JACQUES CARTIER, 
 
 French Navigator and Explorer. (1494-1555.) 
 
 ^N 1535 his ships lay in the stream of Hochelaga — the 
 modern Montreal — where the Indians gathered about 
 him to pay their respects. It seemed to these poor 
 heathen " that God was descended and come down 
 from heaven to heal them," because of the marked kindness 
 of Cartier to them. The best he could do was to pray. He 
 read the first chapter of the Gospel of St. John and the pas- 
 sion of Christ, and besought the Heavenly Father that He 
 would have mercy upon these benighted savages, and bring 
 them to a knowledge of His holy Word. The Indians were 
 *' marvellous attentive," looking to Heaven as the Christians 
 did, and imitating all the gestures of devotion. — Page 185, 
 Volume /, '''' Bryant^ s Popular History of the United States y 
 
 LEWIS CASS, 
 
 Lawyer, Governor, General, Diplomat, and United States 
 Senator. {i782-i86§.) 
 
 OW are the mighty fallen ! we may yet exclaim, when 
 reft of our great and wisest; but they fall to rise 
 again from death to life, when such quickening faith 
 in the mercy of God and in the sacrifice of the Re- 
 deemer comes to shed upon them its happy influence this 
 side of the grave and beyond it. — From an obituary address 
 in the United States Senate^ December 14, 1852. 
 
 God, in His providence, has given us a Book of His re- 
 vealed will to be with us at the commencement of our career 
 in this life and at its termination ; and to accompany us 
 during all chances and changes of this trying and fitful prog- 
 iress, to control the passions, to enlighten the judgment, to 
 guide the conscience, to teach us what we ought to do here, 
 and what we shall be hereafter. — From a letter dated at Wash- 
 ington^ 1846. 
 
EMINENT EU ROPEAN C HARACTERS. 
 
 HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN, 
 Page ij. 
 BENEDICT SPINOZA, HENRY FIELDING, 
 
 Page 418. Page i4g. 
 
 ALIGHIERI DANTE, 
 Page iiy. 
 THOMAS DE QUINCEY, FRANZ LISZT, 
 
 Page 1 2 J. Page 286. 
 
 CHARLES FRANCOIS GOUNOD, 
 Page lyg. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 77 
 
 CESARE CANTU, 
 
 Italian Historian. (1805-1895.) 
 
 HKY could only look upon one object — the one hope 
 of salvation — the crucified God who suffered for us. 
 From time to time were spoken some consoling 
 words, a simple prayer, such as our mothers taught 
 us in infancy, and which come to us again in the most crit- 
 ical moments of life: "Saviour, unto Thee I yield my 
 spirit." — From his ''' Mdrgherita Pusterla,^^ 
 
 WILLIAM CECIL, 
 
 (LORD BURLEIGH.) 
 
 Prime "Minister of England. (1520-1598.) 
 
 .HE virtuous inclinations of thy matchless mother, by 
 whose tender and godly care thy infancy was gov- 
 erned ; together with the education under so zealous 
 and excellent a tutor, puts me in rather assurance 
 than hope that thou art not ignorant of that summum bonum 
 which is only able to make thee happy and worship thy 
 Creator and Redeemer, without which all things are vain and 
 miserable. — To his son Robert; Volume IV^ of Charles 
 Knighfs ^^ Half -Hours with the Best Authors.^'' 
 
 COUNT CAMILLO BENSO CAVOUR. 
 
 Italian Reformer. (i8io-i86i.) 
 
 E was firmly attached to the Christian religion. His 
 mind was fixed in bringing about the freedom and 
 unity of Italy. His policy was an entire separation 
 of Church and State. This was diametrically op- 
 posed to the prevailing religion of his country, and hence 
 met with a strong opposition from the ecclesiastical power 
 at Rome. 
 
78 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 His views of the future life are given in his dying words : 
 '' I must prepare for the great passage into eternity ; I have 
 confessed and have been forgiven. I desire that it be known 
 — that the good people of Turin may know — that I died 
 the death of a true Christian. I am without anxiety. I 
 know I have injured no man." He then whispered his last 
 words: ''^Libera chiera in libera stato^^ — a free Church in a 
 free State. — ''''Life of Cavour^^^ by Mayades. 
 
 ROBERT CHAMBERS, 
 
 Scottish Writer and Publisher. (1802-1871.) 
 
 HAT the birth of Jesus Christ, the Deliverer of the 
 human race, and the mysterious link connecting the 
 transcendent and uncomprehensible attributes of 
 Deity with human sympathy and affection, should be 
 considered as the most glorious event that ever happened, 
 and the most worthy of being reverently and joyously com- 
 memorated, is a proposition which must commend itself to 
 the heart and reason of every one of His followers who 
 aspires to walk in His footsteps and share in the ineffable 
 benefits which His death has secured to mankind. — Page 
 744, Volume 11^ " Chmnbers' Books of Days^ a Miscellany of 
 Popular Antiquities^^ edited by R. Chambers. 
 
 HENRI CHARLES FERDINAND MARIE 
 DIEUDONNE CHAMBORD, 
 
 Head of the Elder Branch of the Bourbon Dynasty. 
 (1820-1883.) 
 
 " fcJT Y personality is nothing ; my principle is everything. 
 . ^^\. France will see the end of her trials when she is 
 ^^k^ willing to understand this. I am a necessary pilot — 
 
 C/ 
 
 the only one capable of guiding the ship to port, 
 because I have for that a mission of authority. You, sir, are 
 able to do much to remove misunderstandings and prevent 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 79 
 
 weaknesses in the hour of struggle. Your consoling words 
 on leaving Salzburg are ever present to my mind. France 
 can not perish, for Christ still loves His Franks; and when 
 God has resolved to save a people, He takes care that the 
 Sceptre of Justice is only put into hands strong enough to 
 hold it. — Page 226, " Men of the Time^^ by Thompson. 
 
 CHARLES 1., 
 
 King of England. (1600-1649.) 
 
 DO here promise and solemnly vow, in the presence 
 and for the service of Almighty God, that if it shall 
 please the Divine Majesty of His infinite goodness 
 to restore' me to my just, kingly rights, and to re- 
 establish me in my throne, I will wholly give back to His 
 Church all those unappropriations which are now held by 
 the crown. ... I humbly beseech God to accept of this, 
 my vow, and bless me in the design I have now in hand, 
 through Jesus Christ, our Lord. — Charles R. Oxford^ April 
 13, 1647. Page 231, " The History and Fate of Sacrilege y"* 
 by Sir Henry Spellman. 
 
 SALMON PORTLAND CHASE, 
 
 Chief-Justice of United States Supreme Court, 1864-1873. 
 (1808-1873.) 
 
 IVE me solid and substantial religion; give me an 
 humble, gentle lover of God and man ; a man full 
 of mercy and good fruits, without partiality and 
 without hypocrisy ; a man laying himself out in the 
 works of faith, the patience of hope, the labor of love. Let 
 my soul be with those Christians, wheresoever they are, and 
 whatsoever opinion they are of. — ^''Life and Public Services 
 of Salmon. P. Chase ^"^ h' J- ^- Schuckers. 
 
 When shall I be thoroughly imbued with a humble, self- 
 denying, holy spirit? O Lord, my Saviour, do Thou assist 
 
8o A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. j 
 
 and teach me! . . . To-day I rose too late; attended 
 private and family prayers ; afterwards read several chapters 
 in lyeviticus, having again began to read the Scriptures in 
 course, intending to read the Old Testament in private, and 
 the New with the family. It is my deliberate opinion that 
 all the writings of all moral and political writers do not con- 
 tain so much practical wisdom, whether applicable to state 
 or persons. — ^^ Private Life and Public Services of Salmon P. 
 Chase ^^ by Robert B. Warden. 
 
 THOMAS CHATTERTON, 
 
 English Poet. (1752-1770.) 
 
 AM fully assured that God does not, and, therefore, 
 that man ought not, to require any more. of any man 
 than this: to believe the Scripture to be God's Word; 
 to endeavor to find out the true sense of it, and to live 
 
 according to it. — Page 389, Alden^s Cyclopaedia of Universal 
 
 Literature. 
 
 THOMAS HENRY HALL CAINE,* 
 
 English Novelist. 
 
 ^HRIST died to redeem our carnal nature, and all we 
 have to do is to believe and pray. But it is not 
 ^^^^1^ enough that Christ died once; He must be dying 
 always — every day — and in every one of us. 
 God is calling on us in this age to seek a new social appli- 
 cation of His Gospel, or shall I say, to go back to the old 
 one? And that is to present Christ in practical life as the 
 living Master and King and example, and to apply Chris- 
 tianity to the life of our own time. — The Christian. 
 
 * What I have to say on this and kindred subjects has just been said in 
 my "book called "The Christian." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 8l 
 
 FRANCOIS AUGUSTE CHATEAUBRIAND, 
 
 French W^riter and Statesman. (1768-1848.) 
 
 ^pinRISTIANlTY is 
 
 ^J perfect; men are im-' 
 ^d-^ perfect. Now a per- 
 fect consequence can 
 not spring from an imperfect 
 principle. Christianity, 
 therefore, is not the work of 
 men. If Christianity is not 
 the work of men, it can come 
 from none but God. If it 
 came from God, men can not 
 have acquired a knowledge of it except by Revelation. 
 Therefore Christianity is a revealed religion. 
 
 Jesus Christ may, therefore, with strict truth, in a material 
 sense, be that Saviour of the world, which He is in a 
 spiritual sense. His career on earth was, even humanly 
 speaking, the most important event that has ever occurred 
 among men, since the regeneration of society commenced 
 only with the proclamation of the Gospel. A little earlier. 
 His morality would not have been absolutely necessary, for 
 the nations were still upheld by their ancient laws; a little 
 later, that Divine necessity would have appeared after the 
 general wreck of society. — Pages 678 and 679, " The Genitis 
 of Christianity^^ by Viscount De Chateaubriand. 
 
 CHARLES v., 
 
 King of Germany, and later Charles I. of Spain. 
 (1500-1558.) 
 
 HAVE tasted more satisfaction in my solitude in one 
 day, than all the triumphs of my former reign. The 
 sincere study, profession, and practice of the Chris- 
 tian religion have in them such joys and sweetness - 
 
 as are seldom found in courts and grandeur. — Page 63, 
 
 ^^ Power of Religion ^^ by Lindlcy Murray. 
 
82 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GEOFFREY CHAUCER, 
 
 English Poet-Laureate. (1340-1400.) 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM 
 "THE CANTERBURY TALES." 
 
 HO folwith Cristes Gospel and His lore 
 
 But we, that humble ben, and chast, and pore, 
 
 Workers of Goddes Word, not auditours. 
 
 — The Sompnoures Tale. 
 
 O cause first of our confusioun, 
 
 Till Crist had bought us with His blood agayn ! 
 
 Now for the love of Crist that for us dyde, 
 Levith youre othis, bothe gret and smale. — 
 
 — The Par doner es Tale. 
 
 PIERCE CROSBY, 
 
 Rear-Admiral. 
 
 AM a friend of Christianity and its Book. I believe 
 in the Divinity of Christ, and to the surpassing 
 potency of Christianity as a civilizer. 
 
 >^!^?^^^(&it<u^ 
 
 SIR JOHN CHEKE, 
 
 English Statesman. (1514-1557.) 
 
 EARN to know this one point of religion, that God 
 
 will be worshipped as He hath prescribed, and not as 
 
 V^ we have devised. And that His will is wholly the 
 
 Scriptures, which is God's spirit, and profitable to teach 
 the truth. . . . If ye seek what the old doctors say, yet 
 seek what Christ, the oldest of all, saith. For he saith: "Be- 
 fore Abraham was, I am." If ye seek the truest way, He is 
 the very truth ; if ye seek the readiest way. He is the very 
 way; if ye seek everlasting life, He is the very life. — Page 
 373, Volume /, ''''British Plutarch.^'' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 85 
 
 JOSEPH HODGES CHOATE, 
 
 Lawyer; Ambassador to Great Britain under 
 President McKinley. 
 
 .HE revisers of the English Bible gathered at Hampton 
 Court at the summons of King James, and gave us 
 that matchless Book — the Divine Book — the only 
 Book for thinkers, readers, scholars, men, women, 
 and children ; if we can have but one book, O save us that ! 
 — From an Address at Richard S. Storr'' s Jubilee Service^ 
 Brooklyn^ 1897. 
 
 Above all the works of historians, poets, philosophers, and 
 statesmen, I would place the Bible. No one who has failed 
 to study carefully early colonial life could have the least idea 
 of the immense sway that Book had upon the minds of the 
 early settlers of America, and has had ever since on the peo- 
 ple of that country. In many households it was the- only 
 Book, a complete literature in itself. — From a Speech in 
 London at the lo^th Anniversary of the Royal Literary Fund. 
 
 RUFUS CHOATE,* 
 
 Lawyer. (1799-1859.) 
 
 WOULD not take the Bible from the public schools 
 so long as a particle of Plymouth Rock was left large 
 enough to make a gun -flint of, or as long as its dust 
 floated on the air. I would have it read, not only for 
 its authoritative revelation and its commands and exactions, 
 obligatory yesterday, today, and forever, but for its English, 
 for its literature, for its pathos, for its imagery, its sayings 
 of consolation and universal truth. — Page ly^^^^ Addresses 
 and Orations^'* of Rufus Choate. 
 
 * The Bible was a book of constant study, and his devotion to the New 
 Testament in Greek led Mr. Webster to say, as he examined Mr. Choate's 
 Library : " Thirteen copies of the Greek Testament, and not one copy of 
 the Constitution of your country ! " — ''Lawyer, Statesman and Soldiery' by 
 George C. Boutwell. 
 
84 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ISAAC PECKHAM CHRISTIANCY, 
 
 Lawyer, Diplomat, and United States Senator. (1812-1890.) 
 
 HAVE strong convictions of the truth of the divinity 
 of Christ. At my mother's knee I learned the doc- 
 trine of salvation, the Sermon on the Mount, and all 
 the pure and lovely teachings of Jesus. My reason 
 leads me to the belief of immortality, as I can form no con- 
 ception of annihilation, and if man, with all his great facul- 
 ties of mind, and all the high aspirations which God has 
 given him, is to end at death, he seems to be the greatest 
 absurdity in the universe. — Froin a leMer to IV. H. Boyd, 
 Monroe, Mich., 1888. 
 
 CHARLES H. T. COLLIS, 
 
 Brevet Major-General United States Volunteers. 
 
 HAVE no patience with the man who says what is 
 was not the work of a superior being, unless he can 
 explain how it all came about in some other way. Up 
 to this time human intellect has failed to account for 
 it upon any hypothesis but that accepted by those who be- 
 lieve in God and His Book. Until some other theory is ad- 
 vanced which is worth considering, I prefer to retain my 
 Christian faith. The so-called inconsistencies of the inspired 
 Word accentuate its verity. ^.^^^^^ ,,^^^,3^^^,,,^. 
 
 EDWARD DANIEL CLARKE, 
 
 English Traveler and Mineralogist. (1769-1822.) 
 
 HE pure Gospel of Christ, everywhere the herald of 
 civilization and of science, is little known in the 
 Holy Land. . . . The text of Luke proves that 
 our Saviour, when He had delivered the prophecy, was 
 **at the descent of the Mount of Olives," although in such a 
 situation that He beheld the city and wept over it. . . . 
 As we descended from the mountain we visited the Garden of 
 Gethsemane. This place is, not without reason, shown as the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 85 
 
 scene of our Saviour's agony the night before His crucifixion, 
 both from the circumstances of the name it still retains, 
 and its situation with regard to the city. — Pages 138, 355, 
 ajid 365, Volume IV^ of '' Travels in Various Countries of 
 Europe^ Asia^ aftd Africa ^^^ by E. D. Clark, 
 
 SIR ANDREW CLARK, 
 
 ^^ ^^ President of the Royal Society of Physicians. (1826-1893.) 
 
 "^^■"O one with any wide experience, such as my own, can 
 
 doubt how vast, how terrible, how far-reaching, are 
 the sins and sufferings of men to-day, as they have 
 been in all days; no one can doubt for a moment, 
 whatever be his creed, that human remedies have been tried 
 and failed. No one can doubt who has had adequate opportu- 
 nities of observation, adequate powers of reflection, that there 
 is one remedy, and one alone, for all spiritual diseases, and that 
 remedy is to be found in the person and work of Jesus 
 Christ. — Page 33, " Report of the Christian Evidence Society ^^'^ 
 London^ 1890. 
 
 THOMAS CLARKSON, 
 
 English Reformer and Author. ( 1 760-1846.) 
 
 ^HE Author of our religion was the first who taught 
 that however in a legal point of view the talent of 
 individuals might belong exclusively to theijiselves, 
 so that no other person had the right to demand the 
 use of it by force, yet in the Christian dispensation they 
 were the stewards of it for good. ... To Christianity 
 alone are we indebted for the new and sublime spectacle of 
 seeing men go beyond the bounds of individual usefulness to 
 each other — of seeing them associate for the extirpation of 
 private and public misery — as a united brotherhood, into 
 distant lands. — Chapter /, Volume /, ^^Clarkson^s Abolition of 
 the Slave Trade.^'' 
 
86 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THADDEUS STEVENS CLARKSON, 
 
 Late Commander in-Chief Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 FIRMLY believe in the Divinity of Christ, and the 
 
 authenticity of the Bible. Without faith in Him and 
 
 belief in the Holy Scriptures life would be scarcely 
 
 worth the living. Christ and the Book are a boon to 
 
 the contented and a solace to the unfortunate. 
 
 MATTHIAS CLAUDIAS, 
 
 German Poet. (1743-1815.) 
 
 ;^| O one ever thus lived as Christ lived, noi did any- 
 thing so truly great and good as the BibL tells us 
 of Him ever enter into the heart of man. It is a 
 holy form which rises before the poor pilgi im like a 
 star in the night, and satisfies his innermost craving, his most 
 secret yearnings and hopes. — Brief an Andres^ Part VI . 
 
 CASSIUS MARCELLUS CLAY. 
 
 Statesman; Diplomat to Russia under Presidents Lincoln 
 and Grant. 
 
 'HE Bible, the record of Divine Revelation, is the one 
 Book of religion and morals. 
 
 Of all religious systems the Christian is most in 
 unison with the law of God and the needs of man. 
 The spirit of God inspires all living things. Jesus Christ 
 lis the leading inspiration, and is, therefore, Divine. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 8/ 
 
 HENRY CLAY, 
 
 United States Senator. (1777-1852.) 
 
 AM not afraid to die, 
 
 sir; I have hope, 
 
 faith, and some 
 
 confidence. I have 
 an abiding trust in the 
 merits and mediation of 
 our Saviour. 
 
 The vanity of the world, 
 and its insufficiency to sat- 
 isfy the soul of man, has 
 been long a settled convic- 
 tion of my mind. Man's 
 inability to secure by his 
 own merits the approbation of God, I feel to be true. I 
 trust in the atonement of the Saviour of mercy, as the 
 ground of my acceptance and of my hope of salvation. 
 — The first testimony to Congressman Venable^ and the second 
 to Cojtgressman John C. Breckinridge^ as declared in tlieir 
 obituary addresses on the occasion of the death of the Hon, 
 Henry Clay^ delivered in the Senate and in the House of Rep- 
 resentatives of the United States^ June 30, 1852. 
 
 DE WITT CLINTON, 
 
 Mayor of New York City, 1802-1815 ; Governor of New York, 1817-1822, 
 1824-1828. United States Senator. (1769-1828.) 
 
 .HE Bible is a revelation from God, intended for the 
 benefit of man, and for his happiness in a future 
 state. Its extensive circulation is a duty of the most 
 imperative nature. 
 In this state of moral darkness Jesus Christ appeared, 
 pointing out the way to heaven and shedding light over the 
 world. What was before uncertain, He rendered certain; 
 for, to adopt the words of the inspired apostle, "He hath 
 abolished death, and hath brought life and immortality 
 through the Gospel." — See Address before the American 
 Bible Society^ May^ 1823. 
 
88 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THOMAS SIDNEY COOPER, 
 
 British Landscape and Animal Painter ; •* Father of the 
 Royal Academy " 
 
 .HE Bible brought me to see I was lost in sin and had 
 no power to save myself. It told me the door of 
 mercy was open, and salvation was to be freely had. 
 It showed me the wonderful sacrifice of Jesus Christ, 
 and through His precious blood, my sins are all washed away. 
 
 /^^3 /^^t^i^o\ 
 
 Note. — This declaration in autograph is especially precious to the Au- 
 thor for the reason the writer penned it in his 100th year, and in the full 
 use of his mental and physical powers. During that year he finished four 
 paintings for the Royal Academy. 
 
 SAMUEL LANGHORNE CLEMENS, 
 
 (MARK TWAIN.) 
 
 Humorist and Author. 
 
 ^T is hard to make a choice of the most beautiful passage 
 in a Book which is so gemmed with beautiful passages 
 as the Bible. . . . Who taught these ancient writ- 
 ers the simplicity of language, their felicity of expres- 
 sion, their pathos, and, above all, their faculty of sinking 
 themselves entirely out of sight of the reader and making the 
 narrative stand out alone and seem to tell itself? Shake- 
 speare is always present when one reads his book ; Macaulay 
 is present when we follow the march of his stately sentences ; 
 but the Old Testament writers are hidden from view. 
 
 One of the most astonishing things that has yet fallen under 
 our observation is the exceedingly small portion of the earth 
 from which sprang the now flourishing plant of Christianity. 
 The longest journey our Saviour ever performed was from 
 here to Jerusalem — about one hundred to one hundred and 
 twenty miles. The next longest was from here to Sidon — 
 about sixty or seventy miles. . . . Leaving out two or 
 three short journeys. He spent His life, preaching His Gospel, 
 and performing His miracles, within a compass no larger than 
 an ordinary county of the United States. ... In the 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 89 
 
 starlight, Galilee has no boundaries but the broad compass of 
 the heavens, and is a theatre meet for great events ; meet for 
 the birth of a religion able to save the world ; and meet for 
 the stately figure appointed to stand upon its stage and pro- 
 claim high decrees. — Pages 492, 499-502, and 513, ^^The In- 
 nocents Abroad^ or' the New Pilgrims^ Progress ^^ by Mark 
 Twain — Samuel L. Clemens. 
 
 CHARLES CARLETON COFFIN, 
 
 Journalist (War Correspondent), Popular Lecturer. (1823-1896.) 
 
 ACCEPT the Bible because it contains, immeasurably 
 beyond all other books, moral precepts which are the 
 rules of all right conduct ; because it is the founda- 
 tion of all just government ; because it tells the truth 
 about men; because its spiritual teachings satisfy the long- 
 ings of my heart, giving me joy, peace, comfort, rest, and 
 hope of a better and larger life beyond the present. 
 
 I believe in Jesus Christ as my Saviour, Redeemer, Brother, 
 and best Friend. All history centers around Him. He is 
 the life and the light of the world — the One absolutely per- 
 fect human being of all time — stainless and immaculate in 
 everything. His teachings, if followed, will settle all dis- 
 putes between man and man — between individuals and 
 nations alike; will banish misery and woe, and make the 
 world a paradise of happiness. I accept Him for what He 
 claimed to be — the Son of God and the Son of Man. 
 
 (y^vU^ (LcuLleJo^ Ccftf^^^ 
 
 SIR GEORGE HAYTER CHUBB. 
 
 British Philanthropist. 
 
 HE welfare of the country depends on our adhesion 
 to the principles of the Divine Book. I venture 
 to affirm that no child is properly educated who is 
 not instructed in the common faith of Christianity. 
 As the old Duke of Wellington said, "Educate men with- 
 out religion and you make them but clever devils. '^ — From 
 an Address before the British and Foreign Bible Society^ 
 London^ 1894. 
 
90 A CLOUD OK WITNESSES. • 
 
 LORD CHICHESTER, 
 
 British Statesman ; President Church Missionary Society, 
 
 "vVY; O I834-I886. (1806-I886.) 
 
 ^EASE not to pray for the spread of God's truth in the 
 S^ name of our only Lord and Saviour. . .' . May 
 '-if^ our gracious Queen reflect the beams of the Sun of 
 Righteousness! Thus shall the record of her reign 
 be ascribed to the Son of God, whose trophies shall consist, 
 not of captive kings, but of ransomed slaves delivered from 
 the bondage of sin. — Delivered in 1837; see Church Mis- 
 sionary Intelligencer^ 1897. 
 
 STEPHEN GROVER CLEVELAND, 
 
 Twenty-second President of the United States. 
 
 ^HE citizen is a better business man if he is a Christian 
 gentleman, and, surely, business is not the less pros- 
 perous and successful if conducted on Christian prin- 
 ciples. . . . All must admit that the reception 
 of the teachings of Christ results in the purest patriotism, in 
 the most scrupulous fidelity to public trust and in the best 
 type of citizenship. Those who manage the affairs of gov- 
 ernment are by this means reminded that the law of God 
 demands that they should be courageously true to the inter- 
 ests of the people, and that the Ruler of the Universe will 
 require of them a strict account of their stewardship. . 
 — Pages 182 and 183, '* The Writings and Speeches of Grover 
 Cleveland^'' ^ edited by George F. Parker, 
 
 DAVID HENRY COCHRAN, 
 
 President of Polytechnic Institute. 
 
 jT-^ ESUS Christ is the light of the world, and the Saviour 
 vi of all who may believe in Him ; the Bible is the 
 S^ chart of civilization, the Divine Book for human 
 needs, and able to make men wise unto salvation. 
 
 {n 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 9I 
 
 SIR EDWARD COKE, 
 
 Lord Chief-Justice of England. (1549-1633.) 
 
 ,HY kingdom come, Thy will be done. — Last words. 
 And yet, by the Providence of Almighty God, 
 though I was in the greatest danger, yet I had not 
 the least hurt at all — nay, no hurt at all. For Al- 
 mighty God saith by His prophet David, " The angel of 
 the Lord tarrieth round about them that fear Him, and de- 
 livereth them" — Et nomen Domini benedictum (the name of 
 the Ivord is blessed), for it was His work. — Memorandum^ 3^ 
 of May^ 1632. See Volume 11^ of ''^Distinguished Men of 
 Mode?'n Times ^^'' published by Charles Knight. 
 
 ALFRED HOLT COLQUITT, 
 
 United States Senator. (1824-1894.) 
 
 LIKE to hear learned sermons and magnificent dis- 
 courses — appeals purely to the intellect — abstract and 
 abstruse ideas, and all that. But looking at the 
 masses of mankind, and reviewing from the standpoint 
 which I occupy, it is clear to me that there is a mission given 
 to every lover of Christ to stand forth as the propagator of 
 that religion which tempers the politics and statesmanship 
 of this country. — Remarks at the Evangelical Alliance^ 
 Washington^ December 7, 1887. 
 
 HARTLEY COLERIDGE, 
 
 British Poet. (1796-1849.) 
 
 'HE most childish sin which men can do 
 Is yet a sin which Jesus never did, 
 When Jesus was a child, and yet a sin 
 For which, in lowly pain. He lived and died; 
 And for the bravest sin that e're was praised 
 The King Eternal wore the crown of thorns. 
 
92 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE, 
 
 English Poet and Metaphysician. (1772- 1834.) 
 
 ^S it fitting to run Jesus 
 Christ in a silly par- 
 allel with Socrates — 
 the Being whom 
 thousands of millions of 
 intellectual creatures, of 
 whom I am a humble unit, 
 take to be their Redeemer 
 — with an Athenian phi- 
 losopher, of whom we know 
 nothing except his glorifica- 
 tion in Plato and Socrates? 
 — ^''Specimen of Table- Talk 
 ofSaTfbuel Taylor Coleridge!' ' 
 But, above all things, I entreat you, my dear Colson, to pre- 
 serve your faith in Christ. It is my wealth in poverty, my 
 joy in sorrow, my peace amid tumult. For all the evil I 
 have committed, I have found it to be so. I can smile with 
 pity at the infidel whose vanity makes him dream that I 
 should barter such a blessing for the few subtleties from the 
 school of the cold-blooded sophists. — 6'. T. Coleridge iii auto- 
 graph letter iji Wellesley College library. 
 
 I receive, with full and grateful faith, the assurance of 
 Revelation, that the Word, which is from eternity with God, 
 and is God, assumed human nature, in order to redeem me 
 and all mankind from our connate corruption. I believe 
 that the assumption of humanity by the Son of God was 
 revealed to us by the Word made flesh, and manifested to us 
 in Jesus Christ, and that His miraculous birth. His agony, 
 His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension were all both 
 symbols of redemption and necessary parts of that awful 
 process. — Page 194, ''^Studies hi Poetry and Philosophy^^^ by 
 J. C. Shairp^ Principal of the United Colleges of St. Salva- 
 dor and St. Leonard. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 93 
 
 SAMUEL COLGATE, 
 
 Manufacturer and Philanthropist. 
 
 'HE only spiritual light in the worid comes through 
 Jesus Christ and the inspired Book; redemption and 
 forgiveness of sin alone through Christ. Without His 
 presence and the teachings of the Bible we would be 
 enshrouded in moral darkness and despair. The condition 
 of those nations without a Christ, contrasted with those where. 
 Christ is accepted, reveals so marked a difference that no 
 arguments are needed. It is an object-lesson so plain that 
 it can be seen and understood by all. May " the earth be 
 full of the knowledge of the Lord, as the waters cover the 
 sea." . 
 
 SCHUYLER COLFAX, 
 
 Congressman, Speaker of the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth, and Fortietlx 
 ^> ^ Congresses. { 1823-1885.) 
 
 AN derives his greatest happiness not by that 
 PL which he does for himself, but by what he accom- 
 ^^^I^^ plishes for others. This is a sad world at best — a 
 world of sorrow, of suffering, of injustice, and fal- 
 sification ; men stab those whom they hate with the stiletto- 
 of slander, but it is for the followers of our Lord to improve 
 it, and to make it more as Christ would have it. The most 
 precious crown of fame that a human being can ask is to 
 kneel at the bar of God and hear the beautiful words, 
 ''Well done, good and faithful servant." 
 
 Just fifty years ago this fall, in a large city by the sea- 
 shore, nearly a thousand miles from here, a lady, whose 
 husband was dead, took her little boy by the hand, and ' led 
 him to the Sabbath-school. For thirty years afterwards he 
 was a scholar or a teacher of the Sabbath-school, and he has 
 
94 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 never forgotten those instructions of youth. The lady who 
 took her little boy to that Sunday-school is now in a hap- 
 pier land, but the boy is still living. That lady was my be- 
 loved mother, who is with her Father and Saviour in heaven, 
 and that little boy was myself. To-day I come to this school 
 with my little boy, and his mother with us, that we may 
 place his imperfect steps in the path in which my mother 
 placed my little feet half a century ago. — Pages 453 and 20, 
 *'''Life of Schuyler Colfax^^^ by O.J. Ho Ulster. 
 
 GEORGE COMBE, 
 
 oJNy^ Scottish Phrenologist. (1788-1858.) 
 
 CT 
 
 PPOSITION between science and Revelation I sin- 
 cerely believe to be impossible, when the facts in 
 ^^ nature are correctly observed, and Divine truth is 
 correctly interpreted. I regard the Scriptures as being 
 a system of Divine wisdom, in harmony with natural truth. 
 The moment a man is penetrated by the love of 
 God in Christ his moral and religious affections become far 
 stronger and more elevated. — Pages 349, 351 of the ^'Consti- 
 tution of Man^ Considered in Relation to External Objects., ' * 
 by George Combe. 
 
 ROBERT NEEDHAM GUST, 
 
 British Oriental Linguist. 
 
 HO can estimate the value of a soul saved — saved 
 perhaps by a single verse in the millions of copies 
 issued annually ; saved through the atonement of 
 Christ. The Bible is the great arsenal for forging 
 bloodless, silent, innocent weapons, which, at the same time, 
 have found themselves to be sharp-cutting, outspoken, and 
 invincible. If the mouth of the preacher has converted its 
 thousands, the voiceless volume has saved its tens of thou- 
 sands. — Bible Society Monthly Reporter^ September., 1892. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 95 
 
 CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, 
 
 Qi^.-^ Discoverer of America, and Admiral. (1436-1506.) 
 
 o 
 
 RAISE be to the 
 
 _^ eternal God, our 
 
 Lord, who gives to 
 
 all those who walk 
 in His ways victory^ over 
 all things which seem im- 
 possible; of which this is 
 signally one, for, although 
 others have spoken or writ- 
 ten concerning these coun- 
 tries, it was all conjecture, 
 as no one could say that he 
 had seen them — it amounting only to this, that those wha 
 heard listened the more, and regarded the matter rather as a 
 fable than anything else. But our Redeemer has granted 
 this victory to our illustrious King and Queen and their 
 kingdoms, which have acquired great fame by an event of 
 such high importance, in which all Christendom ought to 
 rejoice, and which it ought to celebrate with great festivals 
 and the offering of solemn thanks to the Holy Trinity with 
 many sincere prayers, both for the great exaltation which 
 may accrue to them in turning so many nations to our holy 
 faith, and also for the temporal benefits which will bring 
 great refreshment and gain, not only to Spain, but to all 
 Christians. 
 
 Done on board the Caravel, off the Canary Islands, on the 
 fifteenth day of February, fourteen hundred and ninety- 
 three. At your orders, The Admiral." 
 — Page 321, ^''Christopher Columbus and his Monument ^^ com" 
 piled by J. M. Dickey. 
 
 Jeffrey, Francis, Critic and Essayist, late Editor of 
 ** Edinburgh Review'' (^ 77 3-1850) : I have given up all my 
 literary efforts and now I content myself with taking a spell 
 at St. John, or some of the other Gospels. The pure Word 
 of God is now my only solace. 
 
96 A CI.OUD OF WiTNESSEvS. 
 
 JOSIAS PARSONS COOKE, 
 
 Professor of Chemistry and Mineralogy 
 in Harvard College. 
 
 ^>^CIENCE, both in its methods and its results, ad- 
 dresses the understanding exclusively ; Christianity 
 appeals chiefly to the heart. Science aims to in- 
 struct ; Christianity aims to persuade. Science is 
 attained by study, and is possible only for the few; Chris- 
 tianity is a free gift from God "to all men who will receive His 
 Son. The results of science are fully comprehended, and 
 can be expressed in definite terms. The forms of science 
 are rapidly changing ; the types and symbols of Christianity 
 are permanent. ... I believe the Bible inspired, from 
 the grand epic of Creation with which it opens, to the glori- 
 ous vision of the New Jerusalem at its close. — Pages 342, 
 344, ^''Religion and Chemistry ^^ by Josias P. Cooke. 
 
 ANTHONY COMSTOCK, 
 
 Reformer; Secretary of the Society for the Suppression 
 of Vice. 
 
 HRIST is glorious! As the Son of God and Saviour 
 of the world, to Him every knee shall bow and every 
 tongue shout for joy. I have always found the prom- 
 ises of the Divine Word *'Yea and Amen." 
 
 vW^jX.<k/^>^ 
 
 FRANCESCO CRISPI, 
 
 Late Prime Minister of Italy, 1887-1891, 1893-1896. 
 CW )9 (1819-1901 ) 
 
 0\HRISTIANITY is a Divine institution. It is not de- 
 ^_j pendent on earthly weapons for its existence. The 
 >^-^ religion of Christ is able to subdue the world with- 
 out the aid of temporal arms. . . . The Gospel, 
 as we believe it, is true; its mission is to console us with the 
 hope of everlasting life. — See Oration pronounced at the Un- 
 Tjei ling of Garibaldi^ s Statue, Rome^ December 20, 1895. 
 
 Note. — To a clergyman who desired to administer the Lord's Supper to 
 Crispi at his death, he replied: **It is a matter between myself and Christ." 
 
\ B R A P 
 or THE 
 
 UNIVERSIT 
 
 OF 
 
 .IFOR* 
 
 PRESIDENTS 
 
 OF 
 
 UNIVERSITIES. 
 
 Cyrus Northrop, 
 
 
 James B. Angell, 
 
 Page }42. 
 
 
 Page 14. 
 
 iACOB B. SCHURMAN 
 
 
 William R. Harper, 
 
 Page 400. 
 
 
 Page 214. 
 
 Henry W. Rogers, 
 
 
 Joseph Swain, 
 
 Page 384. 
 
 
 Page 4S8. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 97 
 
 PIERRE CORNEILLE, 
 
 . French Dramatic Poet. (1606-1684.) 
 
 ADORE one God, Maker of the Universe, under whom 
 tremble the sky, earth, and Hell ; a God who loved us 
 with an everlasting love, and who died an ignominious 
 death for us. Oh, happy is the man with a brilliant 
 mind and heart, who can appreciate what it is to love Jesus 
 Christ. — Volume /, '' Poleucete^^^ page 72, by P. Didot, 
 
 VICTOR COUSIN, 
 
 ei 
 
 ,^^^^ French Metaphysician and Philosopher. ( 1792-1867.) 
 
 J^ ^IvATO knew this love of God well, and expressed it 
 
 ^ Q in those great words, "Let us say that the cause 
 
 ^ yv which led the supreme Ordainer to produce and com- 
 
 ^ pose this universe is, that He was good ; and he who 
 
 is good has no species of envy." Christianity went further: 
 
 according to the Divine doctrine, God so loved men that He 
 
 gave them His only begotten Son. 
 
 What, in fact, would have been the joy of a Socrates and a 
 Plato if they had found the human race in the arms of Chris- 
 tianity ! How happy would have been Plato — who was evi- 
 dently embarrassed between his beautiful doctrines and the 
 religion of his time, who managed so carefully with that 
 religion even when he avoided it, who was forced to take 
 from it the best part in order to aid a favorable interpretation 
 of his doctrine^have been if he had had to do with a relig- 
 ion which presented to man, as at once its author and model, 
 the sublime and mild Crucified, of whom he had an extraor- 
 dinary presentment, whom he almost described in the person 
 of a just man dying on the Cross. — Pages 330, 343, ^''Lectures 
 07i the True^ Beaut if id ^ aud the Good^^ by Victor Cousin, 
 
98 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 S COPERNICUS, 
 
 sian Astronomer. (1473-1543.) 
 
 /^ 
 
 zr 
 
 OPERNICUS had a pro- 
 found reverence for the 
 Scriptures. He regarded 
 the Word of God able to 
 make us wise unto salvation, and 
 none of his discoveries pertaining 
 to the laws of nature shook for 
 one moment his confidence in the 
 revelation of the Gospel. Early 
 does he appear to distinguish be- 
 tween the teaching of the Divine 
 oracles as to the redemption of 
 the world by Jesus Christ, and those passages which relate 
 to the physical facts and appearances to popular apprehen- 
 sion. — "■ Worthies of Science^'''' by the American^ Tract Society. 
 
 THOMAS McINTYRE COOLEY, 
 
 Jurist, and Lecturer on Constitutional Law, University of 
 Michigan. {1823-1898.) 
 
 REGARD Jesus of Nazareth as having done more to 
 advance tivilization, and to influence beneficially the 
 history of the world, than has any other historic 
 character. 
 
 The Bible I have been accustomed to look upon not as 
 one Book but as many. The teachings of Jesus and His 
 disciples, as given in the New Testament, I think constitute 
 a Book more important to the world and more influential in 
 reforming and improving the condition of mankind than 
 any other. . 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 99 
 
 JOHN MERLE COULTER, 
 
 President of Lake Forest University. 
 
 HAVE always recognized in Jesus Christ the most 
 powerful force that has ever been introduced into the 
 world of mankind. I have held Him up to my stu- 
 dents as the model Man and only Saviour, and His 
 doctrines as the clearest and most searching statements of 
 ethical and Divine principles ever made. There has been 
 none to stand beside Him in the world's history, and the life 
 that He points out commends itself to us as the only life 
 worth living. 
 
 ^-^^^ ^^. Q^-r.<jaa:;r _ 
 
 ANTHONY ASHLEY COOPER, 
 
 Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury; English Statesman and 
 Philanthropist. (1801-1885.) 
 
 ^HE sole, the sovereign remedy is to do what we can 
 to evangelize the people by preaching on every oc- 
 casion and in every place, in the grandest cathedral 
 and at the corners of the streets, in the royal palaces 
 and in the black slums, Christ to the people; ''to know 
 nothing among men save Jesus Christ and Him crucified." 
 I do believe that preaching Christ is still the power of God 
 unto salvation. 
 
 We have heard of one literary gentleman who said that 
 the Bible was effete. Let us set up against him a man, I am 
 quite sure his equal in literary power and intellectual ability — 
 Lord Macaulay. I was in the House of Commons with Lord 
 Macaulay, and heard him use these very words: "He who 
 speaks or writes a syllable against Christianity is guilty of 
 high treason against the civilization of mankind." . . . 
 But the Bible will overthrow all that; and though for a time 
 their works may succeed, though they may disturb many 
 
lOO A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 unstable hearts, yet a large mass of the population is far more 
 reverential, far more inclined to receive the truth than at any 
 former period, and out of them will be gathered many thou- 
 sands and many hundreds of thousands to the Church of 
 Christ who, I have no doubt, at the great day will say : 
 ''We were rescued, and rescued solely by the great Word of 
 God, which is called effete in the same way as God Himself 
 is effete — the same yesterday, to-day, and forever." — An ad- 
 dress delivered at the eightieth anniversaiy ineeting of the 
 British and Foreign Bible Society^ London^ June ^ 1884. 
 
 WILLIAM COWPER, 
 
 English Poet. (1731-1800.) 
 
 iLESSED be God, even the God who is to become my 
 salvation ; the hail of affliction and rebuke for sin has 
 swept away the refuge of lies. It pleased the Al- 
 mighty in great mercy to set all my misdeeds before 
 me. At length, the storm being past, a quiet and peaceful 
 serenity of soul succeeded, such as ever attends the gift of 
 lively faith in the all-sufflcient atonement, and the sweet 
 sense of mercy and pardon purchased by the blood of Christ. 
 I have been intimate myself with a man of fine taste, who 
 has confessed to me that, though he could not subscribe to 
 the truths of Christianity itself, yet he never could read St. 
 Luke's account of our Saviour's appearance to the two dis- 
 ciples going to Emmaus without being wonderfully affected 
 by it; and he thought that if the stamp of Divinity was 
 anywhere to be found in the Scriptures, it was strongly 
 marked and visibly impressed upon that passage. If these 
 men, whose hearts were chilled with the darkness of infidel- 
 ity, could find such charms in the mere style of the Scrip- 
 tures, what must they find there whose eye penetrates deeper 
 than the letter, and who firmly believe themselves interested 
 in all the invaluable privileges of the Gospel. — Pages 187 
 and 171, Volume 11^ '•'•The Life and Works of William Cow- 
 per^'' by Robert Southey. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNKSSKS. 
 
 SAMUEL SULLIVAN COX, 
 
 Congressman, Diplomat, and Popular Speaker. (1824-1889.) 
 
 lOI 
 
 From Authors' Portrsit Catalojrue. 
 
 Copyright, 1892, by Harper & Brothers. 
 
 BEIvIEVE in the religion which was taught and ex- 
 emplified in the life of the Nazarene, and I never fail 
 to bear testimony to the ennobling and purifying in- 
 fluence of the Christian religion. 
 There was a poignancy in my heart when I saw the old 
 church, where I so often worshiped, razed to the ground. 
 Was it not there I attended my first Sunday-school ? There 
 it was that I learned my Bible verses, and received my red 
 and blue . tickets for proficiency. There it was that I ac- 
 complished the memorable task of reciting all of St. Paul to 
 the Romans. . . . Those early memories were cut in 
 durable stone. Tarnished by w^orldliness, dusted with the ac- 
 tivities of life, they have pursued me through the various 
 
I02 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 vicissitudes of professional, literary, and political life. They 
 became the nucleus of studies in college ; the very coat of 
 mail in the struggles against selfishness and scepticism; in 
 fine, they prefigured and preordained my choice of spiritual 
 belief against the delusive sophistries of new philosophies 
 and mere material science. They have enabled me, in fol- 
 lowing and studying the physical advancement of the past 
 century, to perceive in all the atoms, forms, and forces of 
 nature and the phenomena of mind, the truth and benignity 
 of the great scheme of human redemption, which is founded 
 on the veracity .of Christ, and becomes, with lapsing years, 
 more beautiful with the white radiance of an ennobling spir- 
 ituality. — See Memorial Addresses published by the United 
 States Congress^ 1890. 
 
 ABRAHAM COWLEY, 
 
 English Poet. (1618-1667.) 
 
 I'LL sing the searchless depths of the compassion divine, 
 The depths un fathomed yet 
 By reason's plummet, and too short the line ! 
 How the eternal Father did bestow 
 His own eternal Son as ransom for His foe. 
 I'll sing aloud that all the world may hear 
 The triumph of the buried Conqueror ; 
 How hell was by its prisoner captive led. 
 And the great slayer. Death, slain by the dead. 
 
 FRANCIS MARION COCKRELL, 
 
 United States Senator since 1875. 
 
 .HRISTIANITY is a reality, not an appearance. Were 
 it a myth devised by cunning impostors, it would have 
 come to naught before this. It has done more to 
 fraternize the races than all human systems of religion 
 together. The Bible is supreme over all books. Beside it 
 there is none other. Its Divine truths meet the wants of a 
 world-wide hun^anity. J^ J^ A^^^^/c^-^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. IO3 
 
 JOHN WILSON CROKER, 
 
 British Statesman and Author; Secretary to the Admiralty. 
 
 G ^ 1809-1830. (1780-1857.) 
 
 RANT, we beseech Thee, that the death of our dear 
 child may awaken us, his unhappy parents, to the 
 prospect of eternal life, . . . and we, with all our 
 souls, beseech Thee, O merciful God! to strengthen 
 our good intentions, to control our worldly propensities, to 
 forgive our past offenses, and by Thy grace so to regulate 
 our lives in this perishable world that we may indulge the 
 blessed hope of meeting our beloved child where pain and 
 death can not come, and where love endureth forever! For 
 which we hope and pray through the mediation of our Sav- 
 iour, Jesus Christ., Amen. — Pa£-e 559, Volume 11^ '"''Corre- 
 spondence and Diaries of the late Right Honorable John 
 Wilson Croker^^^ edited by Louis J. Jenniiigs. 
 
 JOHN PRICE CROZER, 
 
 Manufacturer and Philanthropist. (1793- 1866.) 
 
 HAVE much reason to fear that a fine house and large 
 possessions may have retarded my growth in the 
 Divine life, and kept me barren and unfruitful. Oh, 
 that I were under the law of Christ; more spiritually- 
 minded, and less the servant of sin. Worldly-mindedness, 
 alas ! keeps down Christian graces, and blunts the finer facul- 
 ties of the soul. None but those who have been deeply en- 
 gaged in business know how hard it is to keep the mind per- 
 fectly balanced so as to avoid yielding to the absorbing con- 
 cerns of the world. Well did our Saviour caution us against 
 the deceitfulness of riches, and declared how hardly they who 
 have them can enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. — ^''Daity 
 Extracts ^''^ quoted by Enoch Perrin^ in an address at Buc knell 
 University^ February 22, 1893, on ''John P, Crozer as a Busi- 
 ness Many 
 
i:o4 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 OLIVER CROMWELL, 
 
 Lord-Protector of the English Commonwealth. (1599-1658.) 
 
 ;HIS Scripture (Phi- 
 
 lippians4: 11- 13) did 
 
 once save my life, 
 
 when my eldest son, 
 Oliver, died — which went as 
 a dagger to my heart — in- 
 deed it did. It is true, Paul, 
 you have learned this, and 
 attained to that measure of 
 grace ; but what shall I do? 
 ... He that was Paul's 
 Christ is my Christ too. — 
 Page 221, Chapter 17, 
 ^''Hood's Cro7nwelV^ 
 
 Ivord, though wretched and miserable, I am in covenant 
 with Thee through grace, and I will come urito Thee for my 
 people. . . . Make the name of Christ glorious in the 
 world. Teach those who look too much on Thy instruments 
 to depend on Thyself more. Pardon such as desire to trample 
 on the dust of a poor worm, for they are Thine too, and par- 
 don the folly of this short prayer, for Jesus Christ, His sake. 
 Page 223, Chapter 17, ^^Hood^s CromwelV ; also Chapter 13, 
 Volume I V^ page 215, ''KnighVs England ^ 
 
 and 
 
 EDWARD CROSSLEY, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 HE Divine Being Himself was the first great Mission- 
 ary of this world, when He walked and talked with 
 Adam and Eve in the Garden of Paradise; and we 
 know that He never left this world without a witness, 
 that the missionary work of God culminated in the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. IO5 
 
 advent of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. The work, 
 instead of coming to an end with that advent, really and 
 fully began, for Christ makes every one of His followers into 
 a missionary. — From a Speech at Exeter Hall, May 12, iSS^i* 
 on taking the Chair at the ninety -second anniversary of the 
 London Missionary Society. 
 
 JOHN SINGLETON COPLEY, 
 
 Painter. (1735-1815.) 
 
 ,HE end is approaching; I want to die as I have tried 
 to live— with a full faith in the Christian religion. 
 I desire to express my firm trust m God through the 
 merits of my Redeemer. — See Life of fohn Singleton 
 
 Copley^ by his Granddaughter, Scribner^s Monthly^ Marchy, 
 
 1881. 
 
 JOHN DUKE COLERIDGE, 
 
 Lord Chief Justice of England. (1820-1894.) 
 A PRAYER. 
 
 • ENDING before Thee, let our hymn go upwards; 
 Bright as the sunshine breaking from the darkness'. 
 Thee we implore to guard us on our journey, 
 Lord God Almighty. 
 Glory to Thee, O Father Everlasting, 
 Glory to Thee, O Son and Holy Spirit, 
 One in Three Persons, Infinite, Unchanging, 
 Lord God Almighty. 
 
 COMTE CASSINI, 
 
 Russian Embassador to the United States. 
 
 BEIylKVE in the Divinity of Christ. I believe in 
 Christianity and its Book. 
 
I06 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ALEXANDER CRUDEN, 
 
 Scottish Author of "A Complete Concordance to the Holy 
 Scriptures." (1701-1770.) 
 
 . LL other books are of little importance in comparison 
 with the Holy Scriptures, which are a revelation 
 
 m 
 
 ^t (o)^ from God, and are given as the only rule of faith 
 and practice. If the kings of Israel were required 
 not only "to read the law of Moses all the days of their life, 
 but also to write out a copy of it with their own hand, that 
 they might learn to fear the Lord their God," it may be rea- 
 sonably expected that Christian Princes should make the 
 glorious Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ 
 their daily study. — A paragraph from the Dedication of his 
 Concordance to the King. See first pages of Crtiden's Con- 
 cor dance. 
 
 GEORGE M. CURTIS, 
 
 Lawyer. 
 
 HAVE not the slightest doubt of the divinity of Jesus 
 Christ, and the inspiration of the Holy Scriptures. 
 Christianity has educated and civilized the world. 
 Salvation bursting from the sepulchre of the Lord 
 westward has belted the earth, and it is now returning to the 
 cradle of its birth. Napoleon Bonaparte and Daniel Web- 
 ster, two of the greatest minds since the morning of time, 
 have declared their full faith in the Redeemer. Bonaparte 
 affirmed at St. Helena: ^'I say to you, Jesus Christ was Jiot 
 a man — He was God ! " Webster declared : '' No mortal 
 ever could have delivered the Sermon on the Mount ! " Who 
 desires rnore testimony than the evidence of these great 
 mortals? 
 
 ^'/^/. 6^/6'- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. lOJ 
 
 RICHARD CUMBERLAND, 
 
 ETiglish Dramatist and Miscellaneous W^riter. (1732-1811.) 
 
 HRIST having performed His miracles openly, aiicf 
 before so many witnesses, it is not found that the' 
 matter of fact was ever questioned by any who lived/ 
 in that age ; on the contrary, we see it was acknowl- 
 edged by His most vigilant enemies — the Pharisees ; they 
 did not deny the miracle; so weak a subterfuge against the 
 evidence of their own sense probably satisfied neither them- 
 selves nor others ; if it had, this accusation of sorcery (being 
 capital by the law, and also by that of the Romans) would have 
 been heard of, when they were so much to seek, for crimes^ 
 wherewith to charge Him on His trial ; if any man shall ob- 
 ject that this is arguing out of the Gospels in favor of the 
 Gospels. I contend that this matter of fact does not rest 
 solely on Gospel evidence but also upon collateral histori-^ 
 cal proof; for this very argument of the Pharisees, and this 
 only, is made use by those Jews in whom Celsus brings in: 
 arguing against the Christian religion ; and those Jews, on: 
 this very account, rank Christ with Pythagoras; and I chal- 
 lenge the cavillers against Christ's miracles to controvert 
 what is thus asserted, or to produce any other argument of 
 Jewish origin, except this ascribed to the Pharisees by the 
 Gospel, either from Celsus, as above mentioned, or any other 
 writer. — From " The Miracles of Christ ^^^ itt Observer^ No, 
 10. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE JOHN PHILPOT 
 
 CURRAN, 
 
 Irish Orator and Statesman. (1750-1817.) 
 
 WILL never hear of any attempt to injure their le- 
 gal rights. I love their religion ; there is only one 
 religion under heaven which I love more than the 
 Protestant, but I confess there is one — the Christian 
 religion. 
 
Io8 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 What is the law of this country ? If the witness does 
 not believe in God, or a future state, you can not swear him. 
 What swear him upon ? Is it upon the Book or the leaf? 
 The ceremony of kissing is only the external symbol by 
 which man seals himself to the precept, and says, " May God 
 so help me, as I swear the truth." He is then attached to 
 the Divinity upon the condition of telling the truth ; and he 
 expects mercy from heaven, as he performs his undertaking. 
 But the infidel ! By what can you catch his soul ? or by 
 what can you hold it ? He has no conscience, no hope to 
 cheer him, no punishment to dread. What is the evidence 
 touching that unfortunate young man ? What kind of char- 
 acter ? Paine was his creed and his philosophy. His ideas 
 of religion were adopted from the vulgar maxims of the same 
 man — the scandal of inquiry, the blasphemer of his God. 
 He bears testimony against himself, that he had submitted 
 to the undertaking of reading both his abominable tracts — 
 that abomination of all abominations, Paine's " Age of Rea- 
 son "; who professes to teach mankind that he did not learn 
 himself! Why not swear the witness upon the vulgar max- 
 ims of that base fellow, that wretched outlaw and fugitive 
 from his country and his God? — Pages 122 and 278, ^^Life 
 iOf the Right Honorable Joh7i Philpot Curran^^^ by his son^ 
 William Henry Curran. 
 
 GEORGE TICKNOR CURTIS, 
 
 Lawyer and Author. (1812-1894.) 
 
 WIIvL touch on one other point in this brief account 
 of my religious opinions. Since the revelation 
 that came through Christ, there have been, as was 
 foretold there would be, other supposed or pretended 
 revelations. . . . My answer is, that the argument and 
 proofs which sustain the fiupJitv r/ t"" C'l^^^'^^^''^^ ■r^Tr^lof1•^^■n — 
 making it the last communication of God's Word that will 
 be made while the human race continues on earth — are so 
 
 J. 
 o 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. IO9 
 
 -Strong that they overthrow the probability of any subsequent 
 communication of the same kind. I have heard it argued 
 that God is constantly revealing Himself in different ways ; 
 that new proofs of His power, beneficence, and care for the 
 human race are constantly accumulating; that Christ and His 
 apostles were men of very humble birth and limited educa- 
 tion ; that in the course of ages, as the wants of mankind 
 seem to the Divine wisdom to require further revelation of 
 truth, it would not seem strange if persons of equal humble 
 origin were to be selected as the agents through which they 
 were to be made, and that there is a priori no reason why a 
 succession of such revelations should not occur to the end of 
 time. But this kind of reasoning overlooks two very impor- 
 tant circumstances, and bases itself upon a priori assumption. 
 It overlooks, first, the great fact that the miracles which 
 attest the Divine origin of Christianity, — the miraculous birth 
 of Christ, the miracles wrought by Him during His life. His 
 death and resurrection, — if believed on satisfactory evidence, 
 constitute a body of proof that He was truly the Son of God, 
 and a Messenger sent from heaven, to which no subsequent 
 prophet, or teacher, or supposed instrument of a new revel- 
 ation can lay claim. Secondly, the Christian revelation, 
 taken as a whole, with all that it comprehends, bears internal 
 evidence that it was intended as a finality. 
 
 LORD HUGH CECIU 
 
 Member of Parliament since 1895. 
 
 .HE best thing about new countries is that new ave- 
 nues are opened for the advance of the Gospel of our 
 Saviour. The preeminent importance of spreading 
 the Gospel is not the sentiment which dominates all 
 who are earnest imperialists. There is a great distinction 
 between the imperial spirit and the missionary spirit. The 
 missionary spirit, as entertained by the early Church, did 
 not look to the spreading of one species of Churchmanship, 
 and certainly not to making the whole world Anglican ; we 
 look to making them Christian. — See Address, St, James 
 Hall, June, 1900. 
 
no 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 BARON GEORGES CUVIER, 
 
 French Naturalist. (1769-1832.) 
 
 .RESH regulations 
 ^X'c^ ^^'^ ^^^ discipline of 
 the churches were 
 being devised by him 
 just before his death ; and 
 when he was removed from 
 the world his memory was 
 fervently eulogized by the 
 French pastors. He pro- 
 moted the circulation of the 
 Holy Scriptures, and became 
 a Vice-President of the Bible 
 Society. He was active in the cause of religious as well as 
 secular education ; and in a discourse which he delivered at 
 the distribution of prizes, instituted for the reward of virtu- 
 ous actions, he, with all the fervor of a French orator, en- 
 forced upon his audience the primary duties of love to Christ 
 and love to man. — Lee''s ''^Memoir of Baron Cuvier^^ po^g^ 
 254- 
 
 GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS, 
 
 Author and Journalist. {1824-1892.) 
 
 HAT Jesus has done for humanity " seems to be 
 found in the history of humanity since His life. 
 That part of the human race among which His 
 principles have become the most powerful tra- 
 dition, bears his name and is known as Christendom, and it is 
 in Christendom that the highest civilization has been reached 
 and the most beneficent results for mankind have been 
 attained. The spell of His direct personal influence lies not 
 only in the sublime self-renunciation which the story of His 
 life reveals, but in the illustration which it gives us that the 
 
.1 CLOUD OF WITNESSES. Ill 
 
 qualities that we call God-like are possible to human nature. 
 The person reverenced as God incarnate was, historically, 
 an ideally good man. He illustrated in daily living the 
 practicability of principles of conduct which every man 
 secretly feels to be the highest conceivable, and He is the 
 .constant rebuke of self-indulgence and the inspiration of the 
 ioftiest endeavor. It is obvious, of course, that Christendom 
 is not, and never has been Christian in the essential sense. 
 ^ut the permanent service of Jesus is the standard which 
 His only personal career, as recorded, furnishes, and by 
 which we measure and test the progress of the race. Con- 
 stantine's cross in the air is still the type of the most celestial 
 influence known to us ; and it is affirmed by the most imper- 
 ishable consciousness of man that, in that sight alone, in 
 courageous fidelity to conscience, in self-sacrifice, in sym- 
 pathy, in humanity, in unbending integrity, we conquer. — 
 Christian Register^ December 22, 1887. 
 
 CHARLES WILLIAM DABNEY, 
 
 President University of Tennessee. 
 
 'HE best teachers I ever knew were earnest Christians. 
 In fact, I have never known a single warm-hearted, 
 majestic, soul-stirring teacher who was not a Chris- 
 tian. 
 
 As Christ is the corner-stone of our life, so His teachings 
 must be the corner-stone of the true education. The true 
 teacher loves his fellow men, and this love gives him his 
 power. To do this he must first love Jesus and the inspired 
 Scriptures, and so be filled with His love. This is the way 
 I account for the fact of my life-long observation and study 
 •of great teachers, viz. : that the most potent soul-builder is 
 the soul built on Christ, and His teachings. 
 
112 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR DAVID DALRYMPLE, ' 
 
 (LORD HAILES.) 
 
 Scottish Judge and Historian. (1726-1792.) 
 
 <^T a certain literary party in Scotland this question 
 was raised: "Supposing all the New Testaments in 
 the world had been destroyed at the end of the 
 third century, could their contents have been re- 
 covered from the writings of the first three centuries?" 
 
 Some two months after this occasion, Sir David Dalrymple 
 answered the above interrogation as follows: "That ques- 
 tion quite accorded with the taste of my antiquarian mind. 
 On my returning home, as I knew I had all the writers of 
 those centuries, I began immediately to collect them, that I 
 might set to work on the arduous task as soon as possible. 
 I have been busy these two months searching for chapters,, 
 half-chapters, and sentences of the New Testament, and have 
 marked down what I found and where I found it, so that any 
 person may examine and see for himself. I have actually 
 discovered the whole New Testament, except seven or eleven 
 verses (I forget which), which satisfies me that I could dis- 
 cover them also. God concealed the treasures of His Word 
 where Julian, the apostate emperor, and the other enemies 
 of Christ] who wished to extirpate the Gospel from the world, 
 would never have thought of, and though they had, they 
 never could have effected their destruction. — See Memoirs 
 of R. and J, A, Haldane^ by Alexander Haldane. 
 
 CHARLES ANDERSON DANA, 
 
 Journalist; Editor of the Sun. (1819-1897.) 
 
 BELIEVE in Christianity; that it is the religion taught 
 to men by God Himself in Person on earth. I also 
 believe the Bible to* be a Divine revelation. Chris- 
 tianity is not comparable with any other religion. It 
 is the religion which came from God's own lips, and there- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. II3 
 
 fore the only true religion. The incarnation is a fact, and 
 Christianity is based on revealed truth. 
 
 There are some books that are absolutely indispensable to 
 the kind of education that we are contemplating, and to the 
 profession that we are now considering; and of all these, the 
 most indispensable, the most Useful, the one whose knowl- 
 edge is most effective, is the Bible. There is no Book from 
 which more valuable lessons can be learned. I am consid- 
 ering it now as a manual of utility, or professional prepar- 
 ation, and professional use for a journalist. There is no Book 
 whose style is more suggestive and more instructive, from 
 which you learn more directly that sublime simplicity which 
 never exaggerates, which recounts the greatest event with 
 solemnity, of course, but without sentimentality or affectation, 
 none which you open with such confidence and lay down 
 with such reverence ; there is no Book like the Bible. When 
 you get into a controversy and want exactly the right an- 
 swer, when you are looking for an expression, what is there 
 that closes a dispute like a verse from the Bible? What is 
 it that sets up the right principle for you, which pleads for a 
 policy, for a cause, so much as the right passage of the Holy 
 Scripture? 
 
 JOHN W. DAVIS, 
 
 Late Governor of Rhode Island. 
 
 HE evidence of the divinity of Jesus Christ is cumu- 
 lative both in His testimony and with time, and in 
 entire accordance with the Holy Scriptures, which 
 testify of Him. " The Word of the Lord endure th 
 
 forever." 
 
 
 -^y^. 
 
114 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JAMES DWIGHT DANA, 
 
 Geolog-ist and Minerologist. (1813-1895.) 
 
 .HIS grand old Book of God still stands, and this old 
 earth, the more its leaves are turned over and pon- 
 dered, the more it will sustain and illustrate the 
 sacred Word. 
 
 I believe the record to be Divine. I believe not only the 
 first verse to be true, but each verse to be worthy of its place 
 in the Bible. I would not separate the first verse from its 
 pronounced theism and call the next an adapted fable, 
 meaning thereby that it is little worth studying and inter- 
 preting ; for I find no evidence of this in the chapter itself, 
 which has God's approbation stamp on each day's work, nor 
 €ven in the events announced when viewed with the aid of 
 modern science. If the narrative must be regarded as one of 
 several documents that are compiled to make up the early por- 
 tion of the Bible, as some Biblical scholars hold, I would still 
 claim for it a place among the earliest and most extraordinary 
 of historical records, and none the less Divine, none the less 
 worthy of study. . . . The degree of accordance between 
 science and the Bible which has been made out should satisfy 
 us of the Divine origin both of nature and the Bible. . . . 
 The stately review of the ages making the introduction to 
 the Bible, stands there as the impress of the Divine hand on 
 the leaf of the sacred Book. . . . But the sure word of 
 prophecy is given in the inspired Book which came as a se- 
 quel to the volume of nature to be man's special guide to life 
 and immortality. — Quoted from his lecture before the students 
 of Yale College^ and published in the Old and New Testament 
 Student. 
 
 HoNORE DE Balzac, French Novelist (1799-1858): 
 Thought — the fountain of good and evil — can not be trained, 
 mastered, and directed, except by religion; and the only pos- 
 sible religion is Christianity, which created the modern world 
 and will preserve it. — Preface to his Comedie Humane. 
 
-"^ 
 
 GERMAN H OUSEHOL D NAMES. 
 
 JOHANN CHRISTOPH F. SCHILLER, 
 Page 396. 
 FRIEDERICH GOTTLIEB KLOPSTOCK, JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH. 
 Page 270. Page 2T. 
 
 FREDERICK H. A. HUMBOLDT, 
 Page 241. 
 JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE, FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN, 
 
 Page 174. Page 220. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. II5 
 
 SIR HUMPHREY DAVY, 
 
 English Chemist. (1778-1829.) 
 
 |F all the religions which have operated upon the human 
 mind, Christianity alone has the consistent character 
 -jfSP of perfect truth; all its parts are arranged with the 
 most beautiful symmetry; and its grand effects have 
 been -constantly connected with virtuous gratification, with 
 moral and intellectual improvement, with the present and 
 future happiness. — Page 272, ''^EncyclopcBdia of Literary and 
 Scientific Anecdotes ^^ by William Kiddie. 
 
 I should prefer a firm religious belief to every other bless- 
 ing, for it makes life a discipline of goodness; creates new 
 hopes when all earthly hopes vanish ; throws over the decay, 
 the destruction of existence, the most gorgeous of all lights ; 
 awakens life even in death ; from corruption and decay calls 
 up beauty and divinity, and makes the very Cross, that 
 instrument of torture and of shame, the ladder of ascent to 
 Paradise. — ^^Salmonia^ or Days of Fly-fishing^^^ by Sir Hum- 
 phrey Davy. 
 
 NOAH KNOWLES DAVIS, 
 
 Professor of Moral Philosophy, University of Virginia. 
 
 ^HE greatest philosopher of modern times tells us 
 that an organism is a whole whose parts are all mu- 
 tually means and ends. The great creation, the 
 spiritual and material universe, seems to me an or- 
 ganism. Body is for spirit, and spirit is for body. But 
 the question arises. For what is the universe? Without an 
 end beyond itself, it is an incomplete, an imperfect organ- 
 ism. Its end is Christ! The universe is for Christ, and 
 Christ is for the universe. Neither, apart from the other, is 
 sufficient ; they are complementary, and together constitute 
 a finished, organic whole. Scripture is a temporary link, 
 binding together humanity and Christ. 
 
 c/h>^tAy|C. S. 
 
 i:2yi/-t^ 
 
i6 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 DANIEL DEFOE, 
 
 English Novelist; Author of "Robinson Crusoe." (i66i?-i73i.) 
 
 N what glorious col- 
 ors do the Scrip- 
 tures, upon all oc- 
 casions, represent 
 these two hand-in-hand 
 graces, faith and repent- 
 ance? There is not one 
 mention of faith in the 
 whole Scriptures but 
 what is recommended in 
 some way or other to our 
 admiration, and to our 
 practice ; it is the founda- 
 tion and the top-stone of 
 all religion, the right- 
 hand to lead, and the left-hand to support, in the whole 
 journey of the Christian, even through this world, and into 
 the next ; in a word, it is the sum and substance of the Gos- 
 pel foundation. 
 
 How incongruous is it to the decoration of the government, 
 that a man should be punished for drunkenness and set in 
 stocks for swearing, but shall have liberty to deny the God 
 of Heaven, and dispute against the very sum and substance 
 of the Christian doctrine ; shall banter the Scripture, and 
 make ballads of the Pentateuch ; turn all the principles of 
 religion, the salvation of the soul, the death of our Saviour, 
 and the revelation of the Gospel into ridicule. And shall we 
 pretend to reformation of manners, and suppressing immor- 
 alities, while such as this is the general mixture of conversa- 
 tion ? If a man talk against the government, or speak 
 scurrilously of the King, he is led to the old Bailey, and from 
 thence to the pillory, or whipping-post, and it should be so; 
 but he may speak treason against the Majesty of Heaven, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. II7 
 
 deny the Godhead of the Redeemer, and make a jest of the 
 Holy Ghost, and thus affront the Power we all adore, and yet 
 with impunity. — Pages 187 and 102, Volume III^ ^^A Selec- 
 tion from the Works of Daniel Defoe. ''^ 
 
 ALIGHIERI DANTE, 
 
 Italian Poet. (1265-1321.) 
 
 THE INSPIRED WORD. 
 
 O Him who subtilizes thus with me, 
 
 There would assuredly be room for doubt 
 Even to wonder, did not the safe Word 
 Of Scripture hold supreme authority. 
 
 — Canto xix in " The Poet's Vision of Hell'^ 
 
 HIS RELIGIOUS BELIEF. 
 
 I in one God believe ; 
 One sole eternal Godhead, of whose love 
 All heaven is moved, Himself unmoved the while. 
 Nor demonstration phj^sical alone, 
 Or more intelligential and abstruse, 
 Persuades me to this faith : but from that truth 
 It comes to me rather, which is shed 
 Through Moses ; the rapt Prophets ; and the Psalms 
 The Gospels ; and what y^ yourselves did write, 
 When ye were gifted of the Holy Ghost. 
 In three eternal Persons I believe ; 
 Essence threefold and one ; m\'sterious league 
 Of union absolute, which, many a time. 
 The Word of Gospel lore upon my mind 
 Imprints ; and from this germ, this firstling spark, 
 The lively flame dilates ; and, like heaven's star. 
 Doth glitter in me. 
 
 — Cantc xxiv in " Th^ Poefs Vision of Hell'' 
 
 Albert, Prince, of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Consort of Queen 
 Victoria (1819-1861), on his dying day exclaimed: "I have 
 had wealth, rank, and power, but if this were all I had, how 
 wretched I would be now ! 
 
 " Rock of Ages, cleft for me, 
 Let me hide mvself in Thee." 
 
Ii8 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR JOHN WILLIAM DAWSON, 
 
 President of McGill College; Canadian Geologist and Naturalist. 
 
 AM fully of the 
 opinion that it is 
 only by receiving 
 the testimony of 
 the Bible to Christ, and 
 the testimony of Christ 
 to the Bible, in their in- 
 tegrity, that the highest 
 interests of man can be 
 secured. 
 
 If we look up with ador- 
 ing wonder to the material 
 universe, the Bible leads 
 us to see in this the pow- 
 er and Godhead of the 
 Creator, and the Creator as the living God, our Heavenly 
 Father. The Bible points us to Jesus Christ, God manifest 
 in the flesh. 
 
 From Authors' Portrait Catalogue.— Copyright, 1892, by 
 Hnrcer A Brothers 
 
 CUSHMAN KELLOGG DAVIS, 
 
 United States District Attorney, 1866-1871 ; Governor; 
 Senator, 1887 till Death. (1838-1900.) 
 
 United States 
 
 N answer to the question about modern biblical criti- 
 cism, he replied: '*The heart of the question is not in 
 any debate about the history of the books of the Bible. 
 I am very familiar with the Scriptures. Job is the 
 noblest poem ever written, and there is the loftiest eloquence 
 in the Prophets. Nor is it in the literature of the sacred Book 
 that the problem rests. I know human history, and I know 
 that in the first century something happened that destroyed 
 the old world and gave birth to the new. The resurrection 
 of Jesus Christ accounts for that change, and I do not know 
 of any other adequate solution." — Samuel G. Smith in Re- 
 view of Reviews^ January^ 1 90 1 . 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CHAUNCEY MITCHELL DEPEW, 
 
 119 
 
 Lawyer; Popular Orator; late President of the New York Central and 
 Hudson River Railroad Company; United States Senator. 
 
 BELIEVE in the Old Testament and the New Testa- 
 ment precisely as they are presented by Christianity. 
 It was the atheism of France that taught license for 
 liberty and led to the French Revolution. Where are 
 those old philosophies and old philosophers? They are dead, 
 while Christianity survives. The school of atheism led to 
 despair. Materialism soon found that every violation of 
 the moral law could go on consistently with its teachings. 
 So pantheism and positivism have followed, only to be de- 
 stroyed ; and now we have the school of humanity and the 
 cosmic philosophy coming close to the borders of Christianity. 
 They tell us there is no more Creator — only a cosmic dust. 
 Who made the dust? There is only protoplasm indeed. 
 Who made protoplasm? They tell of evolution from dust 
 to monkey, and then to man; but all the scientists have 
 never found the missing link. The simple Gospel of the 
 humble Son 01 a carpenter, preached by twelve fishermen, 
 has survived the centuries, and outlives all other philoso- 
 phies of 1800 years. 
 
 I am not posted in the terminology of the philosophies. I 
 believe them to be of little use to reach the heart and 
 influence the actions of simple men. There is no liberty 
 that lasts in the world, and there is no government which 
 has liberty in it that lasts that does not recognize the Bible. 
 How many of us can even understand what the philoso- 
 pher says? You might take the whole Stock Exchange and 
 read Kant to them, and it would be wholly incomprehensi^ 
 ble to them. Not so with the teachings of the Golden Rule. 
 They could understand at least what that means. They tell 
 us that God must disappear ; that prayer is begging; that 
 Holy Communion is cannibalism. When did such a religion 
 send out a missionary ? When you show me a colony of 
 10,000 people who have come to live decently by its teach- 
 ings, I may believe it. But I say now that the Christian 
 faith of my mother is good enough for me. 
 
 (3va^— .^'^f^^ 
 
I20 A CLOUD OF WltNKSSES. 
 
 PRINCIPAL DALE, 
 
 British Educator; Principal Liverpool University College. 
 
 [OMPARK the circulation of the Bible with the migh- 
 tiest masters of the past : Plato, Aristotle, Sophicles, 
 Virgil, Horace. Then link together all these great 
 lights, and take all the circulation they together can 
 command, and you would not have even then the fraction 
 of the circulation of the inspired Book. Go further still. 
 Add to the great names of classical antiquity Dante, Shakes- 
 peare, Milton, Moliere, and still the Bible stands unapproach- 
 able. Passing from numbers to range, the contrast is all 
 the more wonderful. Even the products of the first of these 
 masters have passed at most into eight or ten languages, 
 while the Bible has passed into 370 languages. 
 
 No Book has had to face so many foes, so varied and 
 incessant. Philosophy has come with its metaphysical 
 difficulties; history has come with its load of laborious 
 learning; science has come seeking to measure the things 
 of eternity with the measure of time; wit and eloquence 
 have come, and they have fought against the Bible as they 
 have fought for it ; every passing age has had weapons of its 
 own, which the next age has discarded; and now as one 
 moves through the silent halls of time, there they stand, line 
 after line, row after row, dusty, mouldy, with the dint of a 
 score of conflicts, but as outworn and out of date as our 
 swords, axes and halberds. y^ y ^ ^ 
 
 JEAN ANDRE DELUC, 
 
 Genevese Geologist and Meteorologist, (1727-1817.) 
 
 .HE Scripture teaches that the man whom God created 
 good became a transgressor, and the death which he 
 deserved by his disobedience will be taken away, and 
 eternal life be prepared for him . . . that finally 
 the Son of God, the Prince of Life, had to take upon Him- 
 self our human nature, and a mortal body like ours, that He 
 might suffer and die in this body and rise for our righteous- 
 ness. Very many say freely, that it is incomprehensible ; I 
 do not wonder at them, for I have no hope of understanding 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 121 
 
 It in this life. But I firmly believe that it is true, because 
 the Holy Scripture teaches me so, and I say with the Apostle 
 Paul, who expressly calls religion a mystery: ''O, the depth 
 of the riches both of the wisdom and the knowledge of God ! 
 How unsearchable are His judgments, and His ways past 
 finding out!" Romans 11:33. — Page 171 of his work on 
 ■'' The Foundation of Theology^ Theodicy^ and Morality.^'' 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR JOSEPH 
 DIMSDALE, 
 
 SK_ Lord Mayor of London, igoa. 
 
 VERY section of Christ's church 
 is associated in the great work of 
 circulating the Word of God to 
 our less favored fellow-creatures, 
 but the greater blessing is in extending 
 the knowledge of our Saviour who died 
 for them. . . . Over the doors of 
 the Royal Exchange, written in letters of gold, are these 
 words: "The Earth is the Lord's, and the fullness thereof!'' 
 — On Taking the Chair ^ Ninety-eighth Birthday of the British 
 and JForeign Bible Society^ Guildhall^ March 8, 1902. 
 
 THOMAS DENMAN, 
 
 Lord Chief-Justice of England. (1779-1854.) 
 
 VERSES ON THE SLAVE TRADE AND THE 
 PRESS. 
 
 O Thou whose equal eye surveys 
 
 Unhappy Afric's realms undone, 
 From the abyss of misery raise 
 
 These brethren of Thy only Son ! 
 O Thou, all wise, all just, all good. 
 
 Deign to suppress Thy wrath Divine ; 
 Forbear to visit, for the blood 
 
 By Moloch poured on Mammon's shrine ! 
 Quench not the flood of honest shame ; 
 
 Touch reckless hearts with love again ; 
 Let Christians still deserve their name. 
 
 And men remember they are men. 
 
J22 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 AUGUSTUS DE MORGEN, 
 
 British Mathematician and Logician. (1806-1871.) 
 
 COMMEND my future destiny, with hope derived 
 from experience, to Almighty God, the Father of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ, by whom I believe in my heart that 
 God will raise me from the dead, and whom I have not 
 confessed with my mouth in the sense usually attached to 
 those words, because such a confession has been in my time 
 the way up in the world. — From his Last Will. 
 
 GEORGE DEWEY, 
 
 Admiral ; Hero of Manila Bay. 
 
 "T is strange that we have wrested an empire from these 
 people (the Spaniards) with the loss of only a few 
 men. I am a Christian man, believing firmly in 
 Christ and the Book, and I say most assuredly it was 
 the hand of God. I remember when we engaged the fleet 
 seeing shells firing directly at us, and I do not understand 
 under heaven why we escaped, unless it be through Divine 
 superintendence so forcibly expressed in these familiar lines: 
 
 " God tnovevS in a mysterious way 
 
 His wonders to perform ; 
 He plants His footsteps in the sea, 
 
 And rides upon the storm." 
 
 >^^^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 SIR HENRY MARION DURAND, 
 
 Late Governor-General of the Punjab. (1812-1871.) 
 
 AM about to die; my life has been a hard and bitter 
 one, and the only thing which has kept me through it 
 has been the love and fear of God. I beg you to look 
 to Christ in all things, to do justice and love the right. 
 
 (To his children.) — Page 174, " Twelve Indian Statesmen^'' ^ 
 
 by George Smith. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 123 
 
 THOMAS DE QUINCEY, 
 
 English Writer; Author of "Confessions of an English Opium-Eatcr." 
 
 (1785-1859.) 
 
 HE first class, the evidential miracles, are all those 
 which were performed merely as evidences (whether 
 ^-^w simply as indications, or as absolute demonstrations) 
 of the Divine power which upholds Christianity. 
 The second class, the constitutional miracles, are those which 
 constituted a part of Christianity. Two of these are abso- 
 lutely indispensable to Christianity, and can not be separated 
 from it even in thought, viz., the miraculous birth of our 
 Saviour, and His resurrection. The first is essential upon 
 this ground: that unless Christ had united the two natures 
 (Divine and human) He could not have made the satisfaction 
 required. For, try it both ways: not being human, then 
 indeed. He might have had power to go through the myster- 
 ious sufferings of the satisfaction ; but how would that have 
 applied to man? It would have been perfect, but how would 
 it have been relevant ? Now try it the other way : not being 
 Divine, then, indeed, any satisfaction He could make would 
 be relevant ; but phow would it have been possible in a being 
 Himself tainted with frailty? It is an argument used by 
 Christianity itself: that man can not offer satisfaction for 
 man. The mysterious and supernatural birth, therefore, were 
 essential as a capacitation for the work to be performed, 
 and, on the other hand, the mysterious death and conse- 
 quences were essential as the very work itself. — Pages 174 
 and ^^^of De Quincey^s ^^Theological Essay s^'^'' Volume /. 
 
 Victor Duruy, French Historian and Minister of Educa- 
 tion, in his '' History of Rome, and the Roman People," page 
 544, speaks of the Psalms as " that lyric poetry of the He- 
 brews, the most beautiful that the world has ever known," 
 and of the Saviour as " the Christ, the Son of God, Himself 
 the very God." 
 
124 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GABRIEL ROMANOVITCH DERZHAVIN, 
 
 Russian Poet, and Secretary of State under Catherine II. {i743-i8i6.> 
 
 CEI.ESTIAL SABBATH. 
 
 Sung at Midnight in Greek Churches a week before Easter 
 Morning. 
 
 >HE golden palace of my God, 
 
 Towering above the clouds, I see ; 
 Beyond the cherubs' bright abode, 
 
 Higher than angel's thoughts can be. 
 How can I in those courts appear 
 
 Without a wedding garment on ? 
 Conduct me, Thou Life-Giver, there — 
 
 Conduct me to Thy glorious throne ! 
 And clothe me with Thy robes of light, 
 And lead me through sin's darksome night, 
 
 My Saviour and my God ! 
 
 JOHN KENELM WINGFIELD DIGBY, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 HO can estimate the price of an immortal soul that 
 the Son of God gave His life blood for! Think of 
 computing that in the wretched gold, silver and 
 copper of this world ! . . . From the Greeks 
 we receive our philosophy, from the Romans our laws, from 
 the Jews our Bible, and through them our Divine Lord. — 
 See Address before the London Society for Promotijig Chris-- 
 tianity Among the Jews, June, 1896. 
 
 ANTOINE ISAAC SYLVESTRE DE SACY, 
 
 French Orientalist. (1758-1838.) 
 
 F my conduct has not always been comformable to the 
 sacred rules which my faith enjoins, those faults have 
 never been the effect of an> doubt of the truth of the 
 Christian religion, or of its divine origin. I firmly 
 trust that they will be forgiven me through the mercy of 
 my Heavenly Father, in virtue of the sacrifice of Jesus- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 125 
 
 Christ, my Saviour; not putting my confidence in any merit 
 of my own, and confessing from the bottom of my heart that 
 in myself I am nothing but weakness, misery, and wretched- 
 ness. — Asiatic Journal^ Volume IV^ page K^^y- 
 
 CHARLES DICKENS, 
 
 English Novelist. (1812-1870.) 
 
 HIS clause appears 
 in his will : ''I com- 
 mit my soul to the 
 mercy of God 
 through our Lord and Sav- 
 iour Jesus Christ, and I ex- 
 hort my children to try and 
 guide themselves by the 
 teachings of the New Testa- 
 ment in its broad spirit, and 
 to put no faith in any man's 
 narrow construction of its 
 letter here or there." 
 
 From a letter to his youngest son, Edward : '^ Try to do to 
 others as you would like to have them do to you ; and do not be 
 discouraged if they fail sometimes. It is much better for you 
 that they should fail in obeying the greatest rule laid down 
 by our Saviour than that you should. I have put a New 
 Testament among your books for the very same reasons, and 
 with the very same hopes, that made me write an easy ac- 
 count of it for you when you were a child, because it is 
 the best Book that ever was or ever will be known in the 
 world ; and because it teaches you the best lessons by which 
 any human creature who tries to be truthful and faithful to 
 duty can possibly be guided." 
 
 This is a copy of a letter to his daughter : ''As your 
 
126 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 brothers have gone away, one by one, I have written to 
 each such words as I am writing to you, and have entreated 
 them all to guide themselves by this Book, putting aside the 
 interpretations of men. You will remember that you have 
 never at home been wearied about religious observances or 
 mere formalities. I have always been anxious not to weary 
 my children with such things before they were old enough 
 to form opinions respecting them. You will, therefore, un- 
 derstand the better that I now most solemnly impress upon 
 you the truth and beauty of the Christian religion as it came 
 from Jesus Christ Himself, and the impossibility of your go- 
 ing far wrong if you humbly and heartily respect it. Only 
 one thing more on this head : The more we are in earnest 
 as to feeling it, the less we are disposed to hold forth about 
 it. Never abandon the wholesome practice of saying your 
 own private prayers night and morning. I have never aban- 
 doned it myself, and I know the comfort of it." — Ma^nie 
 Dickens^ eldest daughter of Charles Dickens^ in " What My 
 Father Taught Us^^^ Ladies^ Home Journal^ February^ 1892. 
 
 DIET OF SPIRES, 
 
 (JOHN OF SAXONY, ERNEST OF LUNEBURG, PHILIP OF 
 
 HESSE, WOLFGANG OF ANHALT, 
 
 AND OTHERS.) 
 
 'HIS celebrated Protest," says the Encyclopaedia Brit- 
 tanica, ^'from which comes the name Protestant, is 
 one of the noblest documents of Christian history. It 
 was signed by John of Saxony, Ernest of Luneburg, 
 Philip of Hesse, Wolfgang of Anhalt, among the princes 
 and representatives of the free cities." This is a copy of 
 the Protest, which, besides its historical interest, serves the 
 purpose of this work in giving the declaration of faith of the 
 princes above named: 
 
 "Dear Lords, Cousins, Uncles, and Friends: Having re- 
 paired to this Diet at the summons of His Majesty, and for 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 127 
 
 the common good of the empire and of Christendom, we 
 have heard and learnt that the decisions of the last Diet con- 
 cerning our holy Christian faith are to be repealed, and that 
 it is proposed to substitute for them certain restrictive and 
 onerous resolutions. 
 
 ''King Ferdinand and the other Imperial commissaries, 
 by affixing their seals to the last Recess of Spires, had prom- 
 ised, however, in the name of the Emperor, to carry out sin- 
 cerely and inviolably all that it contained, and to permit 
 nothing that was contrary to it. In like manner, also, you 
 and we, electors, princes, lords, and deputies of the empire, 
 bound ourselves to maintain always, and with our whole 
 might, every article of that decree. 
 
 ''We can not, therefore, consent to its repeal: 
 
 "Firstly, because we believe that his Imperial Majesty (as 
 well as you and we) is called to maintain firmly what has 
 been unanimously and solemnly resolved. 
 
 " Secondly, because it concerns the glory of God and the 
 salvation of our souls, and that in such matters we ought to 
 have regard, above all, to the commandment of God, who is 
 King of kings, and Lord of lords, each of us rendering Him 
 account for himself, without caring the least in the world 
 about majority or minority. 
 
 "We form no judgment on that account which concerns 
 you, most dear lords, and we are content to pray God daily 
 that He will bring us all to unity of faith, in truth, charity, 
 and holiness through Jesus Christ, our throne of grace, and 
 our only Mediator. 
 
 " But in what concerns ourselves, adhesion to your resolu- 
 tion (and let every honest man be judge!) would be acting: 
 against our conscience, condemning a doctrine that we main- 
 tain to be Christian, and pronouncing that it ought to be 
 abolished in our states, if we would do so without trouble. 
 
 "This would be to deny our Lord Jesus Cl^rist, to reject 
 His holy Word, and thus give Him just reason to deny us 
 in turn before His Father, as He has threatened. 
 
 "What! We ratify this edict! We assert that when Al- 
 
128 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 mighty God calls a man to His knowledge, this man, how- 
 ever, can not receive the knowledge of God ! Oh ! of what 
 deadly backslidings should we not thus become the accom- 
 plices, not only among our own subjects, but also among 
 yours ! 
 
 "Moreover, the new edict declaring the ministers shall 
 preach the Gospel, explaining it according to the writings 
 accepted by the holy Christian Church; we think that for 
 this regulation to have any value, we should first agree on 
 what is meant by the true and holy Church. Now, seeing 
 there is a great diversity of opinion in this respect; that 
 there is no sure doctrine but such as is conformable to the 
 Word of God; that the Lord forbids the teaching of any 
 other doctrine; that each text of the Holy Scriptures ought 
 to be explained by other and clearer texts; that this holy 
 Book is in all things necessary for the Christian, easy of un- 
 derstanding, and calculated to scatter the darkness, we are 
 resolved, with the grace of God, to maintain the pure and 
 exclusive teaching of His holy Word, such as it is contained 
 in the biblical books of the Old and New Testament, with- 
 out adding anything thereto that may be contrary to it. 
 This Word is the only truth ; it is the same rule of all doc- 
 trine and of all life, and can never fail or deceive us. He 
 who builds on this foundation shall stand against all the 
 powers of hell, whilst all the human vanities that are set up 
 against it shall fall before the face of God. 
 
 "For these reasons, most dear lords, uncles, cousins, and 
 friends, we earnestly entreat you to weigh carefully our 
 grievances and our motives. If you do not yield to our re- 
 quest, we PROTEST by these presents, before God our only 
 Creator, Preserver, Redeemer, and Saviour, and who will one 
 day be our Judge, as well as before all men and creatures, 
 that we, for us and our people, neither consent nor adhere 
 in any manner whatsoever to the proposed decree in any- 
 thing that is contrary to God, to His holy Word, to our right 
 of conscience, to the salvation of our souls, and to the last 
 decree of Spires." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 1 29 
 
 SIR DYCE DUCKWORTH, 
 
 British Physician ; Treasurer of the Royal Society of Physicians. 
 
 ^a4s Physicians we are brought so directly in contact 
 ^^Cc\ with humanity in all its phases, and see so deeply 
 9 M^ into the hidden depths of its woes and its needs, 
 that we are come to know where true healing is to 
 be found. We are thus able to bear witness to the light in 
 which it is best to live, and we believe, further, that the 
 Christian faith is not only the best to live by, but the best to 
 die by. . . "No man hath seen God at any time: the 
 
 only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, He 
 hath declared Him." — See preface to Sir Andrew Clark' ^^ 
 Testimony for Christy by Sir Dyce Duckworth. 
 
 ADOLPHE NAPOLEON DIDRON, 
 
 French Archaeologist. (1806-1867.) 
 
 ^N stained glass of the thirteenth century, and sculpture 
 of the fourteenth, Christ is represented enthroned on 
 clouds, and His back supported by a rainbow; the 
 Tables of the Law are placed on the Ark of the Cov- 
 enant at the left hand, the Book of the Evangelists is lying 
 open on an altar at the left, and the New Testament at the 
 right hand. This is as it should be ; the Old Testament is 
 regarded as the pedestal or groundwork of the Gospel. The 
 Old Testament is an anticipatory portrait, of the which the 
 New presents the after-model. 
 
 God had promised that a Redeemer should be found to 
 expiate the guilt of Adam, ^nd when judged that the fitting 
 moment for fulfilling that promise had arrived. He summoned 
 His Son, the Divine Word, to be both the organ and agent 
 of His supreme will. According to prophecy, the second 
 Person of the blessed Trinity replied to this appeal in the 
 words of David, " Then said I, lo, I come!" The Son made 
 Himself immediately the messenger of the will of the Father; 
 
I^O A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 He offered Himself as a sacrifice for the salvation of the world. 
 This act of self-devotion, which -was first conceived in Heaven, 
 carried into effect on earth, and finally completed where first 
 it had originated, has been constantly delineated in works 
 of art. — Pages i6, 17, 292, and 293, Volume /, ''''Christian 
 Iconography ; or^ the History of Christian Art in the Middle 
 Ages J ' ' l^y Ihe late Adolphe Napoleon Didron^ and translated 
 from the French by E. J. Millington. 
 
 NELSON DINGLEY, Jr., 
 
 Governor; Tariff Reformer; Congressman from 1881 till 
 Death. (1832-1899.) 
 
 >HE longer I live the more clearly I come to recognize 
 that the Bible is the unerring chart which God has 
 given to man to safely guide him in the voyage of 
 life, and the indispensable defense of social order and 
 good government ; and that Christ, the incarnation of that 
 wondrous God-love, elevates, broadens, vitalizes, and spirit- 
 ualizes every heart that accepts Him ^ 
 
 2^^V2<: 
 
 W. p. DILLINGHAM, 
 
 ^ rs. United States Senator from Vermont. 
 
 c/^ Vn^^ ask my opinion of Christ. It is that He was 
 
 XA God manifest in the flesh; a revelation to us of 
 
 2 ^^3^ Him in whom we live, and move, and have our 
 
 being; and that through Him death is abolished, 
 
 and life and immortality are brought to light. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. I3I 
 
 JOHN FORREST DILLON, 
 
 Lawyer; Circuit Judge under President Grant; Author of Legal Works; 
 President of the American Bar Association. 
 
 ^HE blameless life and matchless doctrines of Jesus 
 Christ are sufficient proof of His Divinity ; they are 
 . ^ .^ the world's best inheritance and its surest hope. 
 
 The moral law, which holds its dominion by Divine 
 ordination over us all, and from which evasion or escape is 
 impossible, is the eternal and indestructible sense of justice 
 and of right, written by God on the living tables of the 
 human heart, and revealed in His Holy Word. 
 
 / 
 
 o/^/j?C^r^ 
 
 WILLIAM EARL DODGE, Jr., 
 
 Financier and Philanthropist. 
 
 HE question is one of personal consecration — ''what 
 
 is my individual duty ? " "What am I doing as a 
 
 citizen of this country, for which Christ died, to help 
 
 on this great work? " 
 
 We want not only to hope that others will take hold and 
 
 organize great works of charity and of good, but we want to 
 
 know what our Saviour, who hath redeemed us, and to whose 
 
 cause we gladly pledge ourselves, has for us to do. . 
 
 We shall remember with joy these days of blessed instruc- 
 tion, help, and inspiration ; and this will be but the beginning 
 of a work which, I hope, with God's blessing, will quietly go 
 through the land until every dark spot is uncovered, until the 
 teachings of Christ our Lord are the life and salvation of 
 our country. — Pages 377, 407, and 408, ^''National Perils and 
 Opportunities . ' ' 
 
132 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN ADAMS DIX, 
 
 Major General and Statesman. (1798-1879.) 
 
 BEIvIEVE in God, and have entire confidence in 
 Christ, my Redeemer. I am -at enmity with no man. 
 I have, from my youth, been a believer, and be- 
 came, many years ago, a member of the Church. IVty 
 mother's affectionate teachings had implanted within me 
 grains of devotion which time could not fail to bring forth 
 and ripen often. — Pag^s 281 and 17, ^^ Memoirs ^^^ by his son^ 
 Rev. Morgan Dix. 
 
 PAUL GUSTAVE DORE, 
 
 French Artist. (1833-1883.) 
 
 V you wish to know my religion, I will tell you. It is 
 contained in the thirteenth chapter of St. Paul's letter 
 to the Corinthians." Then he began quoting, and, to 
 .the reverend gentleman's amazement, recited it through 
 from the beginning to the end, without any hesitation, or 
 missing one word. When he had finished, he turned about 
 and said, " Have I made any mistakes? and believing in 
 that chapter as I do, might I be considered a Christian ? '^ 
 The prompt answer was, "Any person living up to that 
 chapter might be called not only a Christian, but Christian- 
 issimus." — Page 306, ''^Life a?id Reminiscences of Paul Gus- 
 tave Dore^^^ by Blanc e Roosevelt. 
 
 WILLIAM HOWARD DOANE, 
 
 Composer of Hymn Music and Philanthropist. 
 
 AM a thorough believer in the blessed Bible, and the 
 Christianity it teaches. To me, Jesus Christ is a per- 
 sonal Saviour, a daily helper, guide, and friend. The 
 man who clings to His arm will be safely led, and will 
 continually walk in the light of His smile, and will be filled 
 with joy unspeakable. Thrice blessed is he with whom 
 Christ abides. 
 
 \A>->fVr^ 
 
HONORABLE MEN OF OUR TIME. 
 
 JosiAH Gilbert Holland, 
 
 Page 2^2. 
 
 Alfred P. Edgerton, Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 
 
 Page i}9. Page ^9, 
 
 Cyrus West Field, 
 
 Page 149. 
 
 Alfred Austin, Joseph Hodge Choate, 
 
 P<^S<^ 7' Page 83. 
 
 John Sherman, 
 
 Page 409. 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. * 133 
 
 WILLIAM EARL DODGE, 
 
 Financier and Philanthropist. (1805-1883.) 
 
 HRIST died not only to open the prison doors, but to 
 s^ open the palace gate, and give men everlasting life. 
 Impelled by this solemn truth, we should say, as we 
 look and see men perishing, "Here am I, send me! 
 Use me in whatever way I can do the most to save lost sin- 
 ners." A saved sinner myself, I can declare that God desires 
 not the death of the wicked. He says to all, "turn ye, why 
 will ye die?" 
 
 Surely goodness and mercy have followed us all the days 
 of our lives. We feel that, under God, we owe all we are to 
 the tender, faithful care of our godly parents, who, from 
 infancy, dedicated us to God, and by constant Christian 
 watchfulness and prayer brought us up in His fear, and re- 
 joiced to see us in early youth consecrate ourselves to His 
 service — both uniting with the Church the same year. — To 
 his children at his golden weddings ''''Memorials of William 
 E. Dodge ^''^ by D. Stuart Dodge. 
 
 JOSEPH NORTON DOLPH, 
 
 United States Senator, (1835-1897.) 
 
 BELIEVE that Jesus Christ lived and taught the fun- 
 damental doctrines of Christianity on earth; that He 
 was sent from God, delivered the will of God, and 
 was the Son of God; that the Bible contains the 
 Revelation from God to the human race, a sufficient rule of 
 faith and practice for man and all things necessary to his 
 salvation. Upon the doctrine of the Divinity of Christ rests 
 the whole fabric of the Christian faith. If Christ was only 
 a man, however beneficial the Christian religion may be, it 
 is a myth— the Bible is not the inspired Word of God, and 
 man is left in ignorance as to his origin, the object of his 
 creation, and his destiny. 
 
134 
 
 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN DRYDEN, 
 
 English Poet Laureate. (1631-1700.) 
 
 THE ATONEMENT. 
 
 )OOK humbly upward ; see His will disclose 
 The forfeit first and then the fine imposed ; 
 A mulct thy poverty could never pay, 
 Had not Eternal Wisdom found the way, 
 And with celestial wealth supplied the store ; 
 His justice makes the fine, His mercy quits the score. 
 See God descending in the human frame ; 
 The offended suffering in the offender's name. 
 All thy misdeeds to Him imputed see. 
 And all his righteousness devolved on thee. 
 
 INSPIRATION OF THE BIBLE. 
 
 If on the Book itself we cast our view. 
 Concurrent heathens prove the story true ; 
 The doctrine, miracles ; which must convince, 
 For Heaven in them appeals to human sense ; 
 And though they prove not, they confirm the cause, 
 When what is taught agrees with nature's laws. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 135 
 
 WILLIAM DRUMMOND, 
 
 Scottish Poet of Hathornden. 
 (1585-1649.) 
 
 ROM top of Olivet such notes did rise 
 ^XgS When man's Redeemer did ascend the skies. 
 
 To God, who sits in highest seat, 
 
 Glory and power given be ; 
 To Father, Son, and Paraclete, 
 
 Who reign in equal dignity. 
 
 ANDREW S. DRAPER, 
 
 President of the University of Illinois. 
 
 AFFIRM my faith in the Bible. To my mind the 
 birth of our Saviour was the most momentous event 
 in civil as well as religious history. It set a new 
 force at work which has been bringing the plans of 
 kings to naught, making good the Divine promise: "Ye shall 
 know the truth, and the truth shall make you free/* 
 
 JOHN WILLIAM DRAPER, 
 
 Chemist, Physiologist, Author, and Educator. (1811-1882.) 
 
 HE Pentateuch is affirmed to have been written by 
 
 Moses, under the influence of Divine inspiration. 
 
 Considered thus, as a record vouchsafed and dictated 
 
 by the Almighty, it commands not only scientific but 
 
 universal consent. 
 
 "What is truth?" was the passionate demand of a Roman 
 procurator on one of the most momentous occasions in his- 
 tory. And the Divine Person who stood before him, to whom 
 this interrogation was addressed, made no reply — unless, in- 
 
J36 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 deed, silence contained the reply. — In Chapter VIII ^ of his 
 ^''History of the Conflict between Science and Religion.''^ 
 
 First of all, the Crusades : There had been wrenched 
 from Christendom its fairest and most glorious portions. 
 
 . . But perhaps the geographical losses, appalling as 
 they were, did not appear so painful as the capture of the 
 holy places ; the birthplace of our Redeemer ; the scene of 
 His sufferings; the Mount of Olives ; the Sea of Galilee; the 
 Garden of Gethsemane ; Calvary; the Sepulchre. 
 
 From this burning ordeal one Book came out unscathed. 
 It was the Bible. It spontaneously vindicated for itself what 
 Wicklif in the former times, and Luther more lately, had 
 claimed for it. And not only did it hold its ground, but it 
 truly became incalculably more powerful than ever before. 
 The press multiplied it in every language until there was 
 scarcely any cottage in reformed Europe that did not possess 
 a copy. — In Chapters IV^ VI ^ Volume 11^''^ History of the Intel- 
 lectual Development of Europe ^^^ iy John W. Draper^ Professor 
 of Chemistry in the University of New York. 
 
 c/^§Y> 
 
 NEAL DOV/, 
 
 Temperance Reformer. (1804-1897.) 
 
 ^^^^^ ESUS CHRIST came into the world when it was 
 Vj semi-barbarous, and among a people semi-civilized, 
 Vi?/^ and yet, without education, without training from 
 any earthly source, showed from the very first and 
 during all His life, without a moment's weakness, what the 
 highest, purest civilization should be. With all the culture 
 and religion of our time we cannot imagine any one ot 
 earthly mould so true as He to the duties God imposed upon 
 Him. Calm, dignified, self-possessed, under conditions so 
 painful, so dreadful, so beyond any human power of endur- 
 ance, that none but Divinity itself could have borne it. I 
 have earnest faith in Him as my Saviour, and in the Scrip- 
 ture as the revelation of God to a lost world. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 137 
 
 ALBERT DURER, 
 
 German Painter and Engraver. (1471-1528.) 
 
 StvJIvL secular 
 ^V^ rulers should 
 
 ^^ be ca r e f ul 
 these dangerous 
 times that they do 
 not accept the se- 
 duction of men for 
 the Word of God; 
 for God will not 
 have anything taken 
 from His Holy 
 Word, nor added to 
 it. 
 
 Listen , soldier of 
 Christ ! ride forth 
 beside the Lord 
 Jesus, defend the 
 truth, and win the 
 martyr's crown! 
 And if thou here below becomest like thy master, Christ, and 
 sufferest shame from lying tongues, and shouldst die a little 
 sooner, thou wilt sooner pass from death unto life. — ^^Lt/e 
 of Albert Diirer^^ the Evangelist of Art^ by Geo. Wilson^ in 
 ''''Short Biographies for the People^'' Vol. I. 
 
 ANDRE MARIE JEAN JACQUES DUPIN, 
 
 French Lawyer and President of the Chamber of Deputies and of the 
 cyo Legislative Assembly. (1783-1865 ) 
 
 jGyJy^^ to myself, Jesus Christ is the Man-God. . 
 \C^L. God willed that Jesus should be clothed in the 
 ^ ^V ^"^^^^ ^^ humanity {et homo f actus est)^ and that 
 He should undergo the lot and sufferings of hu- 
 manity. The Son of God^ as to His moral state and holy 
 
138 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Spirit, He was also, in reality, the Son of Man^ for the pur- 
 pose of accomplishing the mission which He came upon 
 earth to fulfill. . . To the heathen themselves I would 
 say : You who have gloried in the death of Socrates^ how 
 much must you have been struck with wonder at that of 
 Jesus ! Ye censors of the Areopagus, how could you under- 
 take to excuse the Synagogue, and justify the sentence of 
 the Hall of Judgment? Philosophy herself has not hesi- 
 tated to proclaim, and we repeat with her: "Yes, if the life 
 and death of Socrates were those of a sage, the life and 
 death of Jesus were those of a divinity." — ''''The Trial of 
 Jesus before Caiphas aitd Pilate ^^^ by Andre Marie Jean 
 Jacques Dupin^ Advocate and Doctor of Laws. Translated 
 from the French by John Pickerings Counselor at Law^ and 
 President of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 
 
 DORMAN BRIDGMAN EATON, 
 
 Qi^-^ Lawyer and Civil Service Commissioner. 
 
 t 2)HIL0S0PHY asks presumptuous questions concern- 
 ^ ^C^ ing the genesis of Christ. Was He a created being ? 
 Was He divine ? Did He exist before the foundation 
 of the world ? Is the supreme Head of the Universe 
 one God absolutely ? or is He made up of three persons, of 
 whom Christ is one? These questions expelled the Christian 
 spirit, divided the followers of Christ, involved the churches 
 in barren and angry contests, led to savage persecutions in 
 the name of the Prince of Peace. Yet Christ has been 
 judged by the answers to such questions. By reason of 
 Adam's sin and fall, they consigned the whole family of man 
 to eternal perdition. They presented Christ Himself as equal- 
 ly a God and a man and as a literal Redeemer from their 
 original sin. They made a profound mystery of the incar- 
 nation. They claimed to prove the utter incapacity of man for 
 any good thing, and salvation to be by the grace alone. By 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. I39 
 
 these speculations also Christ has been judged. Precious be- 
 liefs and inspiring hopes, springing from these speculations, 
 are still the consolation of millions. . . . That view finds 
 the highest possible evidence of the genesis of Christ, and of 
 His mission in the world in His character and doings on 
 earth, as disclosed in the New Testament — evidence which 
 would abide in eternal efficiency even if the whole meta- 
 physical theory concerning Him should be rejected. — Chris- 
 tian Register^ Boston^ December 22, 1887. 
 
 LORD JOHN SCOTT ELDON, 
 
 Lord High Chancellor of England. (1751-1838.) 
 
 HE impressions which I received in early youth re- 
 specting the doctrines contained in this volume 
 have continued so lively and strong that I have sel- 
 dom engaged in any important act without recol- 
 lecting in what manner I have been taught therein. 
 
 The whole Bible scheme of man's redemption appears to 
 me very mainly to depend upon the doctrine of the Trinity. 
 I believe the doctrine of the Trinity in Unity. When the 
 question is asked, '*Can these three be One?" my answer is, 
 *'The Lord God knoweth— He hath said it!"— /^/. 64, 258, 
 Volume 11^ ' ' Life of Lord Eldoii^ ' ' by Horace Twiss. 
 
 ALFRED P. EDGERTON, 
 
 Late Chairman of the Civil Service Commission. {1813-1897.) 
 
 .HE Ten Commandments, the Lord's Prayer, the 
 Golden Rule are infinitely superior to all the phi- 
 losophies, ancient or modern, put together. We and 
 our posterity must be true to the Christian faith — 
 the only revealed religion, 
 
140 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GEORGE MORITZ EBERS, 
 
 German Egyptologist and Author (1837-1898.) 
 
 HAVE given years of study to the early youth of 
 Christianity, particularly in Egypt, and it affords me 
 particular satisfaction to help others to realize how, in 
 Hadrian's time, the pure teaching of our Saviour, as 
 yet little sullied by the contributions of human minds, con- 
 quered — and could not fail to conquer — the hearts of men. 
 Side by side with the triumphant Faith I have set that noble 
 blossom of Greek life and culture, Art, which, in later ages, 
 Christianity absorbed in order to dress herself in beautiful 
 forms. — From Preface to Volume /, of ''''The Emperor ^^ by 
 George M. Ebers^ author of ^^Uarda^ 
 
 SIR HERBERT EDWARDES, 
 
 English Major-General. (1819-1868.) 
 
 AM quite happy. I love God. I trust entirely to 
 Jesus. I put confidence in Christ, and couldn't do 
 more if I lived a thousand years. 
 If I were called upon to work out that proposition 
 and prevent that Empire (India) from being ultimately lost 
 by internal rebellion, I know well what I should do. . . . 
 I should open the Bible wide, and do what in me lay to teach 
 that subject-people Christian views of life. — From a lecture 
 before the Yoimg Men's Christian Association of London^ 
 Exeter HalL i860. 
 
 LORD ELLENBOROUGH, 
 
 (S\ ^-^ Chief Justice of England. (1750-1818.) 
 
 % 
 
 ^^ GOD, heavenly Father, by whose providence all 
 things were made, and from whom all comforts of 
 ^[^ this life, and the hopes and expectations of happiness 
 hereafter, through the merits of our Saviour are de- 
 rived to us, I humbly offer up grateful acknowledgments 
 for Thy Divine favor constantly vouchsafed to me. — Vohmte 
 IV^ ' ' Lives of the Chief Justices of England^ ' ' by Lord 
 Campbell. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 141 
 
 EDWARD VI.. 
 
 King of England. (i537-i553.) 
 
 )ORD God, deliver me out of this miserable and 
 wretched life, and take me among the chosen ; how- 
 "^ beit, not my will but Thine be done ; Lord, I com- 
 mit my spirit to Thee ; yet, for Thy chosen's sake, 
 send me life and health, that I may truly serve Thee. O, my 
 Lord God, bless my people, and save thine inheritance. . . 
 . Maintain thy true religion, that I and my people may 
 praise Thy holy name, for Jesus Christ, His sake. — Dying 
 prayer; page 336, Volume 11^ of " Chamber^ s Cyclopcedia of 
 English Literature ^^^ Acme edition. 
 
 OLIVER ELLSWORTH. 
 
 Chiof-Justice of the United States Supreme Court, 1796-1801. 
 (1745-1807.) 
 
 IS extraordinary endowments, accomplishments as an 
 advocate, integrity as a judge, and sincerity as a 
 Christian were fitly complemented by a fine personal 
 presence and by manners at once plain, unaffected, 
 and social. — Page 'x^^f^^ Volume 11^ ^^ Appleton'' s Cyclopcedia of 
 American Biography!'^ 
 
 He made an explicit confession of Christianity in his 
 youth, and in all his intercourse with the polite and learned 
 world he was not ashamed of the Gospel of Christ. In the 
 midst of a multitude of engagements he made theology a 
 study, and attended with unvarying punctuality on the wor- 
 ship of the sanctuary. The sage whose eloquence had 
 charmed the senate, and whose decisions from the bench 
 were regarded almost as oracular, sat with the simplicity 
 of a child at the feet of Jesus, devoutly absorbed in the mys- 
 teries of redemption. His religion was not cold and heart- 
 less, but practical and vital. In his last illness he was hum- 
 ble and tranquil. He expressed the submission, the views, 
 and the consolations of a Christian. — Page 500, '' The En- 
 cyclopcedia of Religious Knowledge!''^ 
 
142 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 RICHARD THEODORE ELY, 
 
 Professor of Political Economy, University of "Wisconsin ; 
 Author. 
 
 >HE Bible gives something more than a scheme of 
 individual salvation. It offers the principles of 
 that wise statesmanship which will yet guide the na- 
 tions of the world. 
 We come upon this wonderful, this marvelous love for 
 man which Christ taught all through the Gospel. It is not 
 merely taught by Christ, but it is illustrated by Christ in 
 His life until we come to that scene on the cross, when He 
 prayed, *' Father, forgive them, for they know not what they 
 do." It is in this duty to love and serve our fellows that 
 I find the most convincing proof of the divinity of Christ. 
 I think it is this which reassures me amid the doubts of our 
 time. I have no evidence in history to convince me that a 
 mere man would have exalted man as Christ did. Rarely 
 do modern philosophers, unless inspired by Christianity, rise 
 to an exalted conception of man. 
 
 * The last paragraph may be found also in '* Social Aspects of Chris- 
 tianity," by Richard T. Ely. 
 
 THOMAS ERSKINE, 
 
 Lord Chancellor of England. (1750-1823.) 
 
 N this stage of the proceedings I shall call for rever- 
 ence to the sacred Scriptures, not from their merits, 
 unbounded as they are, but from their authority in a 
 Christian country; not from the obligations of con- 
 science, but from the rules of law. For my own part, gen- 
 tlemen, I have been deeply devoted to the truths of Chris- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 143 
 
 tianity, and my first belief in the Holy Gospel is by no means 
 owing to the prejudices of education, though I was relig- 
 iously educated by the best of parents, but arises from the 
 fullest and most continued reflections of my riper years and 
 understanding. It forms at this moment the great consola- 
 tion of my life, which, as a shadow, must pass away; and 
 without it, indeed, I should consider my long course of health 
 and prosperity, perhaps too long and uninterrupted to be 
 good for any man, only as the dust which the wind scatters, 
 and rather as a snare than as a blessing. Much, however, 
 as I wish to support the authority of the Scriptures, from a 
 reasonable consideration of them, I shall repress the subject 
 at present. . . . The mysterious incarnation of our 
 blessed Saviour, which the "Age of Reason" blasphemes in 
 words so wholly unfit the mouth of a Christian, or for the ear 
 of a court of justice, that I dare not and will not give them 
 utterance, Milton made the grand conclusion of " Paradise 
 I.ost." 
 
 " A virgin is His mother, but His sire 
 
 The power of the Most High ; He shall ascend 
 
 The throne hereditary, and bound His reign 
 
 With earth's wide bounds. His glory with the heavens." 
 
 — From a speech of Thomas Erskine for the prosecution^ in 
 the proceedings against Thomas Williams for publishing 
 Paine^s '"''Age of Reaso7t^^'^ in the Court of King^s Bench^ be- 
 fore Lord Kenyon and a special jury ^ June 24, 1797; pag^ 
 653, Volume XXVI, HoweWs St, Tr. 
 
 LEONARD EULER, 
 
 Swiss Mathematician. (1707-1783.) 
 
 HE holy life of the apostles and of the other primitive 
 Christians, appear to me an irresistible proof of the 
 truths of the religion of Christ. . . . It is only 
 motives, therefore, that spirits can be determined to 
 that which is good ; now, what motives could be proposed to 
 the apostles, and other disciples of Jesus Christ, to embrace a 
 
144 ^ CLOUD OF WITNKSSKS. 
 
 virtuous life, more powerful than the instructions of their 
 Divine Master, His miracles. His sufferings, His death and 
 resurrection, of which they were witnesses. All these start- 
 ling events, united to a doctrine the most sublime, must 
 have excited in their hearts the most fervent love and the 
 most profound veneration for God, whom they could not but 
 consider and adore as at once their heavenly Father, and the 
 absolute Ivord of the universe. — Pages 380-382, Volume /, 
 ^^ Family Library Letters of Euler on different subjects in 
 Natural Philosophy^ addressed to a German Princess, with 
 notes ^ and a life of Euler ^ ' ' by David Brewster. 
 
 SIR CHARLES A. ELLIOTT, 
 
 British Statesman ; late Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal. 
 
 HE Bible is the chief instrument for the general in- 
 crease of the Christian faith in India; it is the ham- 
 mer with which to attack the hard rock of ignorance 
 and atheism; and to a great extent it is thus scat- 
 tering the seed for a future harvest which, I trust, we shall 
 see springing up and garnered to the glory of our Lord Jesus 
 Christ. — Declared before the British and Foreign Bible Soci- 
 ety^ at Exeter Hall^ May 5, 1897. 
 
 JEREMIAH EVARTS,* 
 
 Philanthropist. (1781-1831.) 
 
 ERE on this sea I consecrate myself to God as my 
 chief good ; to Him as my heavenly Father, infinitely 
 kind and tender of His children ; to Him as my loving 
 and merciful Redeemer, by whose blood alone I hope 
 for salvation; to Him as the Beneficent Renewer and Sanc- 
 tifier of the saved. I implore the forgiveness of my numerous 
 
 * Father of William M. Evarts, whose testimony follows. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 145 
 
 and aggravated transgressions; and 1 ask that my remaining 
 time and strength may be employed for the glory of God, and 
 for the goo 1 of His creatures. — Pages ^1^ and ^16^ ''The 
 EncyclopcBciia of Religious Knowledge. ' ' 
 
 WILLIAM MAXWELL EVARTS, 
 
 Lawyer and Statesman. 
 
 HE great mass of our countrymen today find in the 
 Bible — the Bible in their worship, the Bible in their 
 schools, the Bible in their households — the sufficient 
 lessons of the fear of God and the love of man which 
 makes them obedient servants to the free institutions of their 
 country. — See his Oration^ ' ' What the Age Owes to America^ ' * 
 delivered at Philadelphia^ July 4, 1876. 
 
 Religion takes care, then, of the people; makes them men; 
 makes them loyal and faithful to duty, to God and to society. 
 . . . Thus the religion which, in its original and in its 
 most distinct condition as a power in human affairs, united 
 man in duty to God, yet finds this solemn instruction of one 
 of the Apostles: "If any man love not his brother whom he 
 hath seen, how can he love God whom he hath not seen?" 
 For it is the range and influence in human affairs that brings 
 our duty nearest in obligation to our Saviour when we accept 
 the brotherhood of man as our duty to God. — Extracts from 
 an Address before the Yowig Meii^ s Christian Association of 
 Baltimore^ January 27, 1887. 
 
 EUGENE FIELD,* 
 
 Poet and Journalist. (1850-1895.) 
 
 ING, Christmas bells ! 
 Say to the earth this is the morn 
 c Whereon our Saviour-King was born; 
 Sing to all men — the bond, the free, 
 The rich, the poor, the high, the low, 
 The little child that sports in glee, 
 
146 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 The aged folk that tottering go, 
 Proclaim the morn 
 That Christ is born, 
 
 That saveth them and saveth me ! 
 
 Sing, O my heart ! 
 Sing them in rapture this dear morn, 
 Whereon the blessed Prince is born I 
 And as the song shall be of love. 
 So let my deeds be charity. 
 
 By the dear Lord that rules above, 
 By Him that died upon the tree. 
 By the fair morn 
 Whereon is born 
 The Christ that saved all and me ! 
 
 *I would not exchange for any amount of money the acquaintance with 
 the Bible which was drummed into me when a boy. — Ladies' Home Journal. 
 
 LUCIUS FAIRCHILD, 
 
 General, Governor, Diplomat, and Commander-in-Chief 
 o of the G. A. R. 
 
 aHRIST and the Bible are the great moral, intellect- 
 <^ ual, and spiritual forces for the good of the nations 
 >^_£c) and the salvation of the races, when properly under- 
 stood and appreciated. 
 
 r 
 
 
 SIR THOMAS FAIRFAX, 
 
 Parliamentary General and Commander-in-Chief During 
 the Civil "Wars. (1611-1671.) 
 
 E made his will in 1667, and this is the first clause : 
 '^ In the name of God, amen, I, Thomas Lord Fair- 
 fax, Baron of Camroone, being something infirm in 
 body, but of perfect memory (blessed be God), do 
 make and ordain my last will and testament in manner and 
 form following : First, I commit my soul unto Almighty God 
 who created it, but it being by original corruption made an 
 unfit offering for His pure and Divine Majesty, I hope, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 m 
 
 through the mercies and by the merits of the precious blood 
 of Jesus Christ, my only Saviour and Redeemer (in whom I 
 trust), He will make me a fit partaker of that glorious inher- 
 itance which He hath prepared for all those who believe in 
 Him." — Page 440, " Life of Great Lord Fairfax^ Comma^ider- 
 in- Chief of the Army of the Parliament of England^'' by Clem- 
 ents R. Markham, 
 
 MICHAEL FARADAY, 
 
 English Chemist and Naturalist. (1791-1867.) 
 
 T is permitted to the 
 Christian to think of 
 death ; he is even rep- 
 resented as praying 
 that God would teach him 
 to number his days. Words 
 are given him: "Thanks be 
 unto God, who giveth us the 
 victory through our Lord 
 Jesus Christ." And though 
 the thought of death brings 
 the thought of judgment, it 
 also brings to the Christian 
 the thought of Him who 
 died, who rose again for the justification of those who be- 
 lieve in Him. — Walter Jerrold^ in ^^ Michael Faraday^ Man 
 of Science ^^^ page 120. 
 
 The Christian who is taught by God (by His Word and 
 Holy Spirit) finds his guide in the Word of God, and com- 
 mits the keeping of his soul in the hands of God. He looks 
 for no assurance beyond what the Word of God can give 
 him; and if his mind is troubled by the cares and fears 
 which may assail him, he can go nowhere but to the throne 
 of grace and to Scripture. No outward manifestation can 
 
148 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 give either instruction or assurance to him, nor can any out- 
 ward opposition or trouble diminish his confidence for Christ 
 crucified, to the Jews a stumbling-block and to the Greeks 
 foolishness ; but to them who are called, Christ the power of 
 God and the wisdom of God. The Christian religion is a 
 revelation, and that revelation is the Word of God. — George 
 Wilson^ in *' Short Biographies for the People^^ Volume IV. 
 
 DAVID GLASGOW FARRAGUT, 
 
 Admiral. (1801-1870.) 
 
 .HE frequency of religious sentiment in his letters 
 seems somewhat remarkable when we consider that 
 he was not a professed Christian till late in life. It 
 was probably the result of his early training by his 
 mother, which, though she died when he was young, must 
 have made an impression that he never lost. When he was 
 dangerously ill in Chicago he desired to have a clergyman 
 called, saying: ''He must be my pilot now!" He once re- 
 marked, when speaking of navigating a ship, that he "never 
 felt so near his Master as he did when in a storm, knowing 
 that on his skill depended the safety of so many lives." — 
 Page 548, ''''Life and Letters of Admiral D. G. Farragut^'' 
 by his son^ Loyall Farragut, 
 
 JOHN VILLIERS FARWELL, 
 
 9 Financier and Philanthropist. 
 
 Christ is the "Alpha and Omega" of all that is worth 
 \^ living for, here or hereafter — "the bright morning 
 ^aQ^ star" of all man's hopes. Without His life, death, 
 resurrection, and ascension, human existence would 
 be an enigmatical farce, nay, a dreadful tragedy, without ex- 
 cuse, if a God of justice is his Maker. The Bible is an 
 electric lighthouse on the two bleak shores of time to re- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 149 
 
 veal Jesus Christ as the inspiration of our hopes in the 
 beginning, to be the fruition of them at the end of the voy- 
 age, — if so be that they are worthy to ravish a soul created 
 in the image of his Maker. 
 
 C4.vw-LtL 
 
 CYRUS WEST FIELD. 
 
 Projector of the Atlantic Cable. (1819-1892.) 
 
 ^ tJTY brother Cyrus was the son of a New England min- 
 
 . ^JL ister, and never departed from the way of his father. 
 
 ^'^><^ In all the great crises of his life, upon land or sea, 
 
 when most men would have sunk in utter despair, 
 
 nothing kept him up but faith in his father's Saviour, and in 
 
 that faith he lived and died. — Henry M. Field to S. A. N. 
 
 HENRY FIELDING, 
 
 English Novelist. (1707-1754.) 
 
 NOW read over the works of Aristotle and Plato, with 
 the rest of those inestimable treasures which ancient 
 Greece hath bequeathed to the world. To these I 
 added another study, compared to which all the phi- 
 losophy taught by the wisest heathens is little better than a 
 dream, and is, indeed, as full of vanity as the silliest jester 
 ever pleased to represent it. This is that Divine wisdom 
 which is alone to be found in the Holy Scriptures ; for these 
 impart to us the knowledge and assurance of things much 
 more worthy our attention than all which this world can 
 offer to our acceptance of things which Heaven itself hath 
 condescended to reveal to us, and to the smallest knowledge 
 of which the highest human wit, unassisted, could never 
 
150 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ascend. I began to think all the time I had spent with the 
 best heathen writers was little more than labor lost ; for how- 
 ever pleasant and delightful their lessons may be, or however 
 adequate to the right regulation of our conduct with respect 
 to this world, yet, when compared with the glory revealed in 
 the Scripture, their highest documents will appear as trifling, 
 and of as little consequence as the rules by which children 
 regulate their childish little games and pastimes. — ""Philoso- 
 phy and Christianity, " 
 
 GUILLAUME LOUIS FIGUIER, 
 
 French Physician, Chemist, Author, and Scientist. 
 
 lET US listen to the words of this inspired writer: "And 
 God said, Let us make man in our image, after our 
 '^ likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish 
 ^ of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the 
 cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing 
 that creepeth upon the earth. So God created man in His 
 own image, in the image of God created He him; male and 
 female created He them." — Page /\6()^ ''The World Before 
 the Deluge^ ' ' by Louis Figiiier. 
 
 A. H. FETTEROLF,* 
 
 President of Girard College. 
 
 HEERFUIvLY and unqualifiedly I am a friend to 
 Christianity and its Book. My belief also extends 
 to the Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 
 * This affirmation is especially forcible for the reason the will of 
 Stephen Girard forbids : " Any clergyman to be admitted withm the prem- 
 ises of said College." His idea was : " To keep the tender minds of the 
 orphans from the excitement which clashing doctrine? and sectarian con- 
 troversy are apt to produce." Though no minister is allowed inside its 
 walls, daily worship and religious instruction are a part of the education. 
 The Bible is read, hymns are sung, and discourses by the President or 
 some lavman are delivered. Girard College is not, as claimed, the child 
 of infidelity. No University in Christendom was ever founded by a skeptic 
 or a body of skeptics— The Author. 
 
DISTINGUISHHD BRITONS OF TO-DAY. 
 
 LORD NORTHBROOK, 
 Page ^40. 
 LORD HALSBURY, FRIEDERICH MAX MULLER, 
 
 Page 206. Page 333. 
 
 ARTHUR J. BALFOUR, 
 Page 20. 
 MATTHEW ARNOLD, SIR M. MONIER WILLIAMS. 
 
 Page 18. Page J 06. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MUIR, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 15I 
 
 SIR EDMUND ROBERT FREMANTLE 
 
 British Admiral. 
 
 HAVE no hesitancy in saying that I believe entirely 
 in the divinity of Christ, and in the Bible as the only 
 divine rule of life, the efficacy of which is, I hold, 
 proved by the fact that those nations which conform 
 
 to the purest forms of the Christian religion are the most 
 
 advanced in progress and civilization. 
 
 "J 
 
 -{fZ^cau^euU^C^ 
 
 CLINTON BOWEN FISKE, 
 
 Lawyer and General, (1828-1890.) 
 
 T is so Strange that I should be cut down in the midst 
 of my life-work. There seems so much to do, and I 
 have felt that the few years allotted to me could be 
 spent in better service for God. May He keep and 
 guide us, no wanderers lost, the list all unbroken, to sing the 
 song of redemption through Jesus Christ, where there shall 
 be no sickness, no sorrow, no death and no tears. — Christian 
 Statesman^ July 24, 1890. 
 
 .0 
 
 HAMILTON FISH, 
 
 Governor, United States Senator, Secretary of State under President 
 
 Grant, March 11, 1869-March 12, 1877, and President of 
 
 the Society of the Cincinnati. (1808-1893.) 
 
 E often gave dinners in honor of distinguished guests. 
 On one of these occasions a certain politician, a fa- 
 mous story-teller, took the liberty to speak irrever- 
 ently of the Church and of Christianity. Mr. Fish 
 at once checked his conversation with the reprimand, " Par- 
 don me, but I must request you to desist. I firmly believe 
 in Jesus Christ as the Saviour of the world; of His Church 
 I am a member; in my house I have tried to honor Him, 
 and in His faith I expect to die ; and it is painful to me to 
 
152 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 hear you speak in this way." — The Watchman^ September 21, 
 1893, and verified by Nicholas Fish^ son of Hamilton Fish^ as 
 ''''quite in keeping with my father^ s Christian faith and char- 
 acter!''' 
 
 RICHARD FLETCHER, 
 
 Lawyer; Judge of Massachusetts Supreme Court, and Congressman. 
 
 (1788-1869.) 
 
 jGYA^'^ last I have found rest. I look back with gratitude 
 "^ I/tA^ to that moment when I was permitted to be buried 
 
 *^ {oy with Christ in baptism, and as I have realized the 
 glorious import of that rite, I have wondered that 
 every Christian should not long ago go down thus into the 
 water and die, and rise again in the likeness of Christ. — 
 Page 213, of ^^ American Christian Rulers ^^^ by Edward J, 
 Giddings. 
 
 SOLOMON FOOT, 
 
 United States Senator, 1851-1866. (1802-1866.) 
 
 .OR years I have daily read the Bible in the presence 
 )J^J^ of my wife ; but when T have seen her seeking her 
 God in prayer, so habitually and earnestly, I have 
 felt that we ought to be united in it. My father and 
 mother were both devoted Christians, and I was instructed 
 in childhood in the lessons of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. 
 I have never doubted from that day to this the truth of those 
 teachings. I know and feel that I am a sinner. I believe 
 that Christ was made an atonement sufficient for all men, 
 and that this atonement is the only ground of salvation to 
 human beings. I am convinced that none will be saved by 
 works of righteousness which they have done. L have been 
 thinking much of these two lines repeated the other day : 
 
 •' Here, Lord, I give myself away, 
 'Tis all that I can do." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 153 
 
 I begin to understand that this comprehends all, and I am 
 willing to lean on Jesus Christ as my Saviour and Friend. — 
 Interview with Doctor Byron Sunderland^ Washington^ D. C. 
 
 ANDREW HULL FOOTE, 
 
 Rear- Admiral. (1806-1863.) 
 
 HEN in Siam, he invited the royal dignitaries to 
 dine on shipboard. As they sat down, the Ad- 
 miral, as was his custom, asked the blessing. The 
 king, in surprise, said that he thought only mis- 
 sionaries did that. ''True," replied the Admiral, ''but every 
 Christian is a missionary." 
 
 He was a man of a high type of Christian character, with 
 most genial and loveable traits, but uncompromisingly firm 
 in his principles, especially in regard to temperance reform 
 in the navy, where he was the means of abolishing the spirit 
 ration. He was truly a pious man, severely an honest man, 
 and a philanthropist of the first order. — Volume 11^^^ Apple- 
 ton^ s CyclopcBdia of American Biography.^'* 
 
 JAMES DAVID FORBES, 
 
 Scottish Physicist. (1809-1868.) 
 
 NOW resolved to devote a more definite time before 
 going to bed for reading the Bible, which shall include 
 a short but clear self-examination. 
 
 Keep from me a vain and overbearing spirit; let 
 me have a thorough sense of my own ignorance and weak- 
 ness; and keep me through all trials and troubles of a transi- 
 tory state in body and soul unto everlasting life, for Jesus 
 Christ's sake. Amen. 
 
 On the 20th of September we reached our own comfortable 
 house, in Park Place, for which I thanked God humbly and 
 
154 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 sincerely. O God, who has visited us with many trials, and 
 led us like the Israelites of old from place to place, without 
 any certain abode, bless, we beseech Thee, our return home, 
 and mercifully grant that the afflictions and anxieties of the 
 long probation may bear fruit in a more self-denying and 
 godly life, and that we may have our hearts fixed on a more 
 abiding resting-place, eternal in the heavens, for Jesus Christ's 
 sake. Amen. — ^^Famous Men^'*'' by H. A. Page. 
 
 CHARLES FOSTER, 
 
 Governor; Secretary of the Treasury under President 
 Harrison. 
 
 BELIEVE the Bible to be an inspired Book— God's 
 revelation to man; and in the Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 I also believe that the Holy Scriptures teach, 
 through the atonement of our Saviour, an eternal 
 salvation. Faith in "Christ and the Bible" is "more 
 precious than gold that perisheth, though it be tried with 
 fire." 
 
 JOHN WATSON FOSTER, 
 
 <^^9 Secretary of State under President Harrison ; Diplomat. 
 
 JSyJxI'^ the Eleventh International Christian Endeavor 
 
 \t^^ Convention, held in Madison. Square, New York, 
 
 ^ (v J^ly 7-1O) 1892, he made this response: "I count 
 
 myself fortunate in being in New York to-day, and 
 
 in having the opportunity of drawing new inspiration for 
 
 duty by contact with this great army of young soldiers of 
 
 Christ. We hear much, from certain quarters, in this day 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 1 55 
 
 about the decay of evangelical religion, and of the growth 
 of agnosticism and the various forms of disbelief which are 
 to sweep off the earth our Bibles and our Christianity. 
 Would that these critics might stand in my place to-night! 
 They might be led to believe that faith in a risen Saviour 
 and in an inspired Word of God were neither dead nor 
 dying in this land — this Christian land, which owes all that 
 is greatest and best in its past history and in its present 
 attainments to this religion." 
 
 ORSON SQUIRE FOWLER, 
 
 Phrenologist. (1809-1887.) 
 
 'T has always seemed to me that the entire thought and 
 design of the Bible is to teach salvation by Christ. 
 
 Christ, too, who most needs this prerequisite, has re- 
 ceived the homage of all Christendom and will do so 
 forever, not because of personal beauty or strength, nor of 
 His animal propensities, or aristocratic observances, but 
 chiefly because of His moral virtues. Religion was His 
 crown, as it is that of His followers. . . . How many 
 men and women have been completely revolutionized by this 
 religion ? Paul was changed from a persistent persecutor to 
 a defender of *' Christ crucified.'' — Pages 924, 779, ''''Human 
 Science^ or^ Phrenology and Self- Culture^ ^^ by O. S. Fowler, 
 
 EDWARD FIELD, 
 
 Member of Parliament since 1885; late British Admiral. 
 
 NEVER knew sailors to turn a deaf ear to the words 
 of the Divine Book. They are always glad to receive 
 the messengers of the Gospel of Christ. Many ^ of 
 them are brothers of our Saviour's earthly compan- 
 ions, seamen of Galilee; God-fearing men who are exercis- 
 ing a marvelous influence for Christianity. — ""Words on the 
 Waters,'' July, 1887. 
 
156 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FRIEDRICH HEINRICH KARL FOUQUE, 
 
 German Poet and Novelist. 
 (1777-1843.) 
 
 THOUSAND years have fleeted, 
 C^ And, Saviour, still we vSee 
 (^ Thy deed of love repeated 
 On all who come to Thee. 
 As he who sat benighted. 
 
 Afflicted, poor, and blind, 
 So now Thy word is plighted — 
 Joy, light, and peace I find. 
 
 m 
 
 JOHN HENRY FUSELI, 
 
 Swiss Painter and Writer in England. (1741-1825.) 
 
 SELDOM take up the Bible to read without shedding 
 tears. What beautiful things are in this Book! It 
 is an exquisite Book. ... I believe in the res- 
 urrection. The resurrection of Jesus Christ is as well 
 authenticated as any other historical fact. — Pa^^e 392, Vol- 
 ume /, ' ' Lz/e and Writings of John Henry Fuseli^ ' ' by 
 John Knowles. 
 
 SIR ROBERT FOWLER, 
 
 Member of ParHament. 
 
 E meet here as Christians, who on minor mattcx^s 
 may differ from one another, but who are all 
 united in the feeling that there is only one Name 
 under heaven whereby we can be saved, and that 
 is the Name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We are all united in 
 our anxiety to do what we can to spread Christ's Gospel upon 
 the earth ; and I know of no more effectual means of doing 
 it than by the circulation of that Word that He has pleased 
 to give us. — ''^ Bible Society Reporter ^^^ J^^J^^"^ 1886, London. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CHARLES JAMES FOX, 
 
 English Statesman and Orator. (1749-1806.) 
 
 15;^ 
 
 ij^'v 
 
 IS biographer tells 
 
 this story of his 
 
 death-bed scene: 
 
 "There was the 
 pious resignation of a 
 Christian, who fearlessly 
 abandons his fleeting spirit 
 to a merciful Deity, visible 
 throughout the day — the 
 unbeliever who came to 
 scoff must have remained 
 to pray. It was now that 
 Mr. Fox gathered the fruits of his glorious life ; his depar- 
 ture was unruffled by remorse — he had sacrificed everything 
 that was personal to his country's good, and found his last 
 moments blessed by the reflection that his e Ports had been 
 conformable to the religion he professed." — '^ Lives of Emi- 
 nent and Illustrious Englishmen ^^^ by George Alfred Cun- 
 ningham. 
 
 SIR PHILIP FRANCIS,* 
 
 British Statesman. (1740-1818.) 
 
 .HE internal evidence of the Christian religion is 
 greater than the external. In the matter of external 
 evidence, other religions may compete with the 
 Christian ; but in purity, wisdom, and power of 
 
 cleansing the human heart, it is alike original and supreme. 
 
 One of its great characteristics is its opposition to the mon- 
 
 * His biographers are firmly convinced of his identity with "Junius," 
 and bring a great body of circumstantial proof in support of their belief. 
 
1^3 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ster vices of humanity. What a lesson for the arrogant and 
 proud man is the constant humility and gentleness of our 
 Saviour, who when most asserting His power calls Himself 
 /ke Son of Man. . . The doctrines of Christ were evi- 
 dently of the practical kind. He prescribed no forms, no 
 prayers but one ; no articles of belief except the Divine 
 authority for His mission. — ^^Lz/e of Sir Philip Francis ^^^ Vol 
 ume 11.^ page 419, by foseph Parkes. 
 
 THEODORE FRELINGHUYSEN, 
 
 Lawyer, United States Senator, Chancellor of the University of 
 
 New York 1839-1850 ; President of Rutgers College, 
 
 1850 until Death. (1787-1861.) 
 
 ET us look away to the brighter and better prospects 
 and surer hopes in the promise and consolations of 
 V^ the Gospel of our Saviour. I pray, my honored sir, 
 that your heart may seek this blessed refuge, stable 
 as the everlasting hills, and let this be the occasion to prompt 
 an earnest, prayerful, and, the Lord grant it may be, a joyful 
 search after the truth as it is in Christ Jesus. — Correspond- 
 ence with Henry Clay after failure of election to the Presi- 
 dency. 
 
 The Bible has done it, sir ! Seal up this one Volume and 
 in a half century all these hopes would wither and these 
 prospects perish forever. These sacred temples would crum- 
 ble or become the receptacles of pollution and crime. . . 
 The influence of this sacred Volume alone can achieve it. 
 — Delivered when President of American Bible Society^ 1846- 
 186 1. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR 
 EDWARD FRY, 
 
 Late Judge of High Court of England; Lord Justice of Appeal. 
 
 THANK God through Jtsus Christ our Lord and Sav- 
 iour for that restoration which has been effected through 
 grace to that pristine state of inward harmony and 
 peace from whicli Adam fell ])y transgression. — See 
 
 his Essays, ''On the Accordance of Christianity with the 
 
 Nature of God.'' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 159 
 
 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, 
 
 Statesman and Philosopher. (1706-1790.) 
 
 ERE is my creed: I 
 
 believe in one God, 
 
 the Creator of the 
 
 Universe; that He 
 governs it by His provi- 
 dence ; that He ought to be 
 worshiped; that the most 
 acceptable service we can 
 render Him is doing good to 
 others; that the soul of man 
 is immortal, and will be 
 treated with justice in an- 
 other world respecting his 
 
 conduct in this. As to Jesus of Nazareth, I think His sys- 
 tem of morals, as He left them to us, the best the world ever 
 saw, or is likely to see. — ''Complete Works of Benjamin 
 Franklin^ ' ' by John Bigelow, 
 
 The longer I live (eighty-one years now) the more con- 
 vincing the proofs I see of this truth, that God governs the 
 affairs of men. And if a sparrow can not fall to the ground 
 without His notice, is it probable that an empire can rise 
 without His aid? We have been assured, sir, in the sacred 
 writings, that '* Except the Lord build the house, they labor 
 in vain who build it." I firmly believe this; I also believe 
 that without His concurring aid we shall proceed in this po- 
 litical building no better than the builders of Babel. 
 I beg, therefore; to move that henceforth prayers, imploring- 
 the assistance of Heaven and its blessings on our delibera- 
 tions, be held in this assembly every morning before we 
 proceed to business, and that one of our clergy be requested 
 to officiate in that service. — Delivered at the Convention for 
 Framing the Constitution of the United States^ ^1^1 * Volume 
 J I, '' Bancrofts History of the Constitution of the United 
 States.'' 
 
l6o A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR BARTLE FRERE, 
 
 Late Governor of Bombay. (1815-1884.) 
 
 BELIEVE there is no part of India in which the 
 power of Christian preaching to win Fetish worship- 
 ers from evil deities to the pure religion of Christ has 
 not been abundantly manifested. . . . Missionary 
 efforts owe their success to something which all preachers of 
 the Gospel hold in common — the great, simple doctrines of 
 our Saviour which all believe — the plain, broad precepts of 
 Christianity which all teach. ... I assure you, what- 
 ever may be told to the contrary, the teachings of Christian- 
 ity among 160 millions of civilized, industrious Hindoos and 
 Mohammedans in India is effecting changes, moral, social, 
 political, which, for extent and rapidity of results, are far 
 more extraordinary than anything you or your fathers have 
 witnessed in modern Europe. . . . Buddhism may 
 evolve a high morality, but it has nothing to offer mankind 
 which comes so home to the instincts of all humanity as the 
 Christian doctrine of the resurrection of the body and life 
 everlasting in union with a glorified body. — From a Lecture 
 to the Christian Evidence Society^ London^ ^^Christianity 
 Suited to all Forms of Civilization. ' ' 
 
 ^ 
 
 FREDERICK III., 
 
 (FREDERICK CHARLES NICHOLAS.) 
 
 King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany. (1831-1888.) 
 
 S long as I live I shall never forget this first evening 
 at Jerusalem, as I watched the sun set in the still- 
 '^yj- ness which is always solemn as it settles over na- 
 ^3 T ture. Drawn away from earth, the soul seemed able 
 to linger undisturbed upon the thought which must thrill 
 through every Christian as he surveys the scenes on which 
 the great work of our salvation was consummated. To be in 
 such a place, and there read the familiar passages of the 
 Holy Gospels, is a religious service itself. — Page \\2 of 
 *' The History of the Germaft People^ from the Earliest Times 
 to the Accession of IVilliaifi 11.^'*'' by Hermann Lieb. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. l6l 
 
 FREDERICK WILLIAM IV., 
 
 King of Prussia. (1795-1861.) 
 
 HE Day of the Transfiguration of our Lord, August 
 6, 1 85 1. Above my tomb shall be placed an oblong 
 slab of white marble. There shall be engraven upon 
 it the monogram of Christ, with this inscription : 
 Here Hes in God, his Saviour, with the hope of 
 a bhssful resurrection and a merciful judgment, 
 depending solely on the merits of Jesus Christ our 
 Divine Redeemer, the late 
 
 Frederick William IV., King of Prussia. 
 
 From his Will or Royal Document. 
 
 FRIEDERICH WILHELM A. FROEBEL, 
 
 German Educational Reformer, Kindergarten System. 
 (1782-1852.) 
 
 oYESUS is the only begotten Son of God; the beloved 
 . "^ Son of God. He commanded the disciples to "go 
 % into all the world and teach all nations"; lead them 
 to a knowledge of God, the Father; of Jesus, the 
 Son of God, and of the Holy Ghost, the Sanctifier. — Chapter 
 V^ " The Education of Man^'^ by Friederich FroebeL 
 
 9d 
 
 JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, 
 
 English Historian. (1818-1894.) 
 
 E are not questioning the fact that the Bible is in- 
 fallible; we desire only to be told on what evi- 
 dence that great and awful fact concerning it 
 properly rests. It would seem, indeed, as if in- 
 stinct had been wiser than argument — as if it had been felt 
 that nothing short of this literal and close inspiration could 
 preserve the facts on which Christianity depends. 
 
 Circumcision availed nothing, nor uncircumcision — but a 
 new creature — and this new creature was born again into 
 Christ. . . . Hedged in by "his muddy vesture of de- 
 
l62 A CLOUD OF WITNKSSES. 
 
 cay," his eyes, like the eyes of the disciples at Kmmaus, are 
 holden, and only faith feels Him. But death, which till 
 Christ had died had been the last victory of evil, in virtue of 
 His submission to it, became its own destroyer, for it had 
 power only over the tainted particles of the old substance, 
 and there was nothing needed but that these should be 
 washed away, and the elect would stand out at once pure 
 and holy, clothed in immortal bodies, like refined gold, the 
 redeemed of God. The Being who accomplished a work so 
 vast — a work compared to which the first creation appears 
 but a trifling difficulty — who could He be but God? God 
 Himself! He was God! He was man also; for He was the 
 second Adam — the second starting-point of human growth. 
 — Pages 184 and 163, ''''Short Studies on Great Subjects ^^ by 
 James Anthony Froude. 
 
 WILLIAM PIERCE FRYE, 
 
 United States Senator. 
 
 AM glad to say that I believe Jesus Christ to be the 
 Son of God ; that He died on the Cross to save us 
 from the penalty of sin ; that He rose from the dead 
 and now sits at the right hand of the Father; that 
 
 Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are One, and that the Bible is 
 
 a Divine message to man. 
 
 FRANCIS JOSEPH !., 
 
 Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary. 
 
 DO not lose faith in God. In the frightful misfortune 
 that has struck me and my house your words of sym- 
 pathy, inspired by faith in Christ, which is my only 
 refuge, have conveyed sweet consolation to my heart. 
 — To a friend^ after the Assassination of the Empress of Aus- 
 tria ; published in the Associate Press Dispatches, Sept. 1 3, 
 1898. 
 
A CI^OUD OF WITNESSES. 163 
 
 LOUIS DE BUADE FRONTENAC. 
 
 Governor of Canada. {1620-1698.) 
 
 HE Holy Scriptures command us to obey our sover- 
 eign, and teach us that no pretext or reason can dis- 
 pel us from this obedience. 
 
 As for me, it only remains to protest before you 
 that I shall esteem myself happy in consecrating all my ef- 
 forts, and, if need be, my life, to extend the empire of Jesus 
 Christ throughout all this land. — Page 19, " Count Frontenac 
 and New France under Louis X/F," by Francis Parkman, 
 
 SIR DOUGLAS FOX, 
 
 British Civil and Mechanical Engineer. 
 
 E are more than loyal subjects; we are followers of 
 the Lord Jesus Christ. We gather here as cham- 
 pions of the Bible. We can not see what the fu- 
 ture is going to be, but we do know that our Lord 
 and Master is the rightful King of this world, and you and 
 I, if we are fighting for His banner, know that we will suc- 
 ceed in the end. — London City Mission Magazine^ June^\^<^2>' 
 
 ROBERT B. FULTON, 
 
 President of the University of Mississippi. 
 
 ^a:\PEAKING personally, nothing is more certain to me 
 than that I owe to the religion of Christ, and to the 
 Bible as its exponent, anything and everything in my 
 life that may be of any worth. 
 What would the world be without Christ and the Bible? 
 They are indissolubly connected with whatever is pure in 
 morals, whatever is elevating in art, whatever is most benefi- 
 cent in government, and whatever is most useful in science. 
 
 /P, /^. ^cu^Z^ ^ 
 
164 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JAMES ABRAM GARFIELD, 
 
 Twentieth President of the United States. (1831-1881.) 
 
 Y Christian con- 
 victions may be 
 C^^^ formulated best 
 in the language 
 of the inspired apostle: 
 *'Who shall separate us 
 from the love of Christ? 
 Shall tribulation, or dis- 
 tress, or persecution, or 
 famine, or nakedness, or 
 peril, or sword? . 
 I am persuaded that 
 neither death, nor life, 
 nor angels, nor princi- 
 palities, nor powers, nor 
 things present, nor 
 things to come, nor 
 height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to 
 separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus 
 our Lord." 
 
 Fellow -citizens : Clouds and darkness are around about 
 Him; His pavilion is dark waters and thick clouds; justice 
 and judgment are the establishment of His throne; mercy 
 and truth shall go before His face. Fellow-citizens! God 
 reigns, and the Government at Washington still lives! — 
 These historic "Words ^ spoken from the balcony of the New York 
 Custom House^ calmed the Tnob frenzied at the news of Lin- 
 coln^s death. 
 
 Note. — Garfield came back always with delight to the simpler instincts 
 of religious faith. Not many weeks before his assassination, walking on 
 the banks of the Potomac with a friend, and conversing on topics of per- 
 sonal religion, he said that he found our Lord's Prayer, and the humble 
 petitions learned in infancy, infinitely restful to him. Certain texts of 
 Scripture had a strong hold on his heart. The eighth chapter of Romans 
 had been a subject of careful study with him from his youth. — From James 
 G. Blaine's Memorial Oration on " Garfield,'' delivered tn the House > ^ 
 Representatives, February 27, 1882. 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 165 
 
 Whilst a student at Williams College, he, with other stu- 
 dents, on " Mountain Day," climbed one of the high peaks 
 seven miles distant. The surrounding scenery was enough 
 to awaken religious awe. Just then young Garfield broke 
 the silence : " Beys, it is a habit of mine to read a chapter in 
 the Bible every evening with my absent mother. Shall I 
 read aloud ? " The little company assented ; and, drawing 
 from his pocket a well-worn Testament, he read in soft, rich 
 tones the chapter which the mother in Ohio was reading at 
 the same time, and then called on a classmate on that moun- 
 tain top to pray. — ^^Life of Garfield^^^ by John C. Ridpath 
 
 GALILEO GALILEI, 
 
 Italian Astronomer. (1564-1642.) 
 
 AM inclined to think that the authority of Holy Scrip- 
 ture is intended to convince men of those truths 
 which are necessary for their salvation, and which, 
 being far above man's understanding, can not be made 
 credible by any learning, or any other means than revelation 
 by the Holy Spirit. 
 
 I send you a rose, which ought to please you extremely, 
 seeing what a rarity it is at this season. And with the rose 
 you must accept its thorns, which represent the bitter suffer- 
 ing of our Lord, while the green leaves represent the hope 
 we may entertain, that through the same sacred passion we, 
 having passed through the darkness of this short winter of 
 our mortal life, may attain to the brightness and felicity of an 
 eternal spring in Heaven. — Pages 16 and 18, ^^ Famous Men 
 of Science ^^^ by Sarah K. Bolton. 
 
 GIUSEPPE GARIBALDI, 
 
 Italian Patriot. ( 1807-1882.) 
 
 AM a Christian, and I speak to Christians — I am a 
 
 true Christian, and I speak to true Christians. I love 
 
 and venerate the religion of Christ, because Christ 
 
 came into the world to deliver humanity from slavery, 
 
 for which God had not crea'xd it. . . . You who are here— 
 
366 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 you, the educated and cultivated .portion of the citizenship — 
 you have the duty to educate the people — educate the people 
 — educate them to be Christians — educate them to be Ital- 
 ians. . . . Viva Italia! Viva Christianity! — Page 444, 
 General Garibaldi^ s Autobiography — Translated from his pri- 
 vate papers^ by Theodore Dwight. 
 
 WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON, 
 
 Journalist and Reformer. ( 1805-1879.) 
 
 A TRIBUTE TO THE BIBLE. 
 
 BOOK of books ! Though scepticism flout 
 Thy sacred origin, thy worth decry ; 
 ijvEr Though transcendent folly give the lie 
 
 To what thou teachest ; though the critic doubt 
 
 The fact : that miracle ; and raise shout 
 
 Of triumph over each incongruity 
 
 He in thy pages may perchance espy ; 
 
 As in his strength the effulgent sun shines out^ 
 
 Hiding innumerable stars, so dost thou shine, 
 
 With heavenly light all human works excelling. 
 
 Thy oracles are holy and divine. 
 
 Of free salvation through a Saviour telling. 
 
 All truth, all excellence dost Thou enshrine. 
 
 The mists of sin and ignorance expelling. 
 
 SIR ROBERT GRANT, 
 
 Late Governor of Bombay ; Poet. (1785-1838.) 
 THE WRITTEN WORD. 
 
 HE starry firmament on high, 
 And all the glories of the sky. 
 Yet shine not Thy praise, O Lord, 
 So brightly as Thy Written Word. 
 
 The hopes that holy Word supplies, 
 Its truths Divine and precepts wise, 
 In each a heavenly beam I see, 
 And every beam conducts to Thee. 
 
PUBLIC AND PROFESSIONAL MEN, 
 
 ^' Elijah A. Morse, 
 
 Page ^26. 
 
 Samuel J. Randall, David Hayes Agnew, 
 
 Page ^y}. Page 10. 
 
 Louis Adolphe Thiers, 
 
 Page 4^9. 
 
 William M. Evarts, Chauncey M. Depew, 
 
 Page 14^. Page up. 
 
 David J. Brewer, 
 
 Page 46. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 167 
 
 , A UTANY. 
 
 Saviour, when in dust to Thee 
 Low we bow the adoring knee ; 
 When, repentant, to the skies 
 Scarce we lift our weeping eyes. 
 
 By Thy deep, expiring groan ; 
 By the sad sepulchral stone ; 
 By the vault, whose dark abode 
 Held in vain the rising God ; 
 Oh, from earth to heaven restored, 
 Mighty reascending Lord, 
 Listen, listen to the cry 
 Of our solemn Litany ! 
 
 MERRILL EDWARDS GATES, 
 
 President of Amherst College. 
 
 ^HE thought of God is a mighty force, because God is^ 
 and His Will is the source of life, and light, and 
 power. Through true thoughts about God we re- 
 ceive into our lives this life, and light, and power ; 
 the life of God begins in us. A personality is the most po- 
 tent form in which great thoughts about life can be presented 
 to men. It is in the Divine Person of Christ that God gives 
 us His true thought about Himself in His relations with 
 man. The supreme question for each of us is, " What think 
 ye of Christ?" 
 
 Do we think the truth of God and Christ? Here comes in 
 the value of Bible study. In the Bible God reveals to us the 
 truth about Himself which we could never have learned from 
 any other source. Neither reason nor nature could have 
 taught us of the redeeming love of a holy God. This greatest 
 truth in the world ^comes into the world through Christ and 
 the Bible; and it is by reverently studying the divinely 
 revealed will of God in the Bible that we get the true thought 
 of God, and are saved from the self-deceptions of mysticism, 
 and come to a living knowledge of the Saviour. 
 
l68 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HENRY WOODFIN GRADY, 
 
 Journalist; late Editor of Atlanta Constitution. (1851-1889.) 
 
 ^CIENCE has revealed to me no better faith than that 
 learned at my mother's knee, nor has knowledge a 
 wiser and better book than the worn Bible that held 
 the simple truths of the heart and annals of my home. 
 I expect to die in the same hope and peace which moved 
 the dying Shakespeare — wisest mind ever clothed in mortal 
 flesh — when he said : * "I commend my soul into the hands 
 of God, my Creator, hoping and assuredly believing, through 
 the only merits of Jesus Christ, my Saviour, to be made par- 
 taker of life everlasting. " rr r\ /) 
 
 *See page 405. cW ^ H - ^P^^^ ^ 
 
 CHRISTIAN FURCHTEGOTT GELLERT, 
 
 German Poet, and Professor of Philosophy, University of Leipsic. 
 (1715-1769.) 
 
 JESUS LIVES. 
 
 ESUS lives ! Who now despairs, 
 
 Spurns the Word which God hath spoken. 
 '^ Grace to all that Word declares, 
 
 Grace whereby sin's yoke is broken. 
 Christ rejects not penitence ; 
 That shall be my confidence. 
 
 Jesus lives ! for me He died ; * 
 
 Hence will I, to Jesus living, 
 Pure in heart and act abide, 
 
 Praise to Him and glory giving. 
 Freelj^ God doth aid dispense ; 
 This shall be my confidence. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 169 
 
 Jesus lives ! my heart knows well 
 Naught from me His love shall sever. 
 
 Life, nor death, nor powers of hell, 
 Part me from Christ forever. 
 
 God will be a sure defense ; 
 
 This shall be my confidence. 
 
 GEORGE 111., 
 
 King of Great Britain. (1738-1820.) 
 
 >ET me hear less of 
 
 Socrates, and more of 
 
 <^ Christ from the pulpit. 
 
 ^ — Page 261, ''^Memoirs 
 of his late Majesty^ George 
 lll.^^^by Thomas Williams. 
 
 Keep me, O Lord, from silly 
 and unguarde'd friends, and 
 from secret and designing en- 
 emies; and give me those 
 things which are best for me, 
 through Jesus Christ our Lord. — Page 453, 
 Minds:' 
 
 My Dear Child — You have been good to your parents ; we 
 have nothing wherewith to reproach you ; but I need not tell 
 you that it is not of yourself alone that you can be saved^ 
 and that your acceptance with God must depend on your 
 faith and trust in the merits of the Redeemer. — Page 240, 
 ^ ' The Percy Anecdotes . " 
 
 Other Men's 
 
 DANIEL COLT OILMAN, 
 
 ^Jturf President of Johns Hopkins University. 
 
 J^ I^OREOVER, the end in view, the ultimate end of all 
 
 . Wx. educational and scientific effort, as well as of all leg- 
 
 ^J^^<^ islation and statesmanship, is identical with that at 
 
 which the religion of Christ aims, that which 
 
 was 
 
 her- 
 
170 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 aided in Judea nineteen centuries ago by a multitude of the 
 heavenly host, saying: "Peace on earth, good will to men." 
 . . . When the churches thus more fully realize the value 
 of advancing knowledge, and when universities more heartily 
 recognize the truth of Christian doctrine, as well as the beauty 
 of Christian life, then shall we say with the Psalmist, ''Jeru- 
 salem is built as a city that is at unity with itself. Peace 
 within thy walls and prosperity within thy palaces." — From 
 an Address delivered at Washington^ December^ 1887, before 
 the Evangelical Alliance. 
 
 THE WISE MEN AND THE STAR. 
 
 RICHARD WATSON GILDER, 
 
 Journalist ; Editor of The Century. 
 
 HO are these that follow across the hills of night 
 S^*^ A star that westward hurries along the fields of light? 
 
 Three Wise Men from the east with myrrh and treasure bring 
 To lay them down at the feet ol our I^ord and Christ and King. 
 
 GouvENEUR Morris, late United States Minister to 
 Prance (1752-18 16): Had our Saviour addressed a chapter 
 to the rulers of mankind, as He did to His followers, I am 
 persuaded He would have dictated this text: "Be not wise 
 overmuch !" — See ^^ Life of Gouveneur Morris,^'' by Roosevelt. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM EWART GLADSTONE, 
 
 Author, and Prime Minister of Great Britain. 
 (1809-1898.) 
 
 OST men at the 
 head of great move- 
 
 C)>^ ments are Christian 
 
 ^ men. During the 
 
 many years in the Cabinet 
 I was brought in contact 
 with some sixty master 
 minds, and not more than 
 perhaps three or four of 
 whom were in sympathy 
 with the skeptical move- 
 ments of the day. 
 
 171 
 
 n6^l/<Ju^p^^s^ 
 
 As one of the grounds for naming his recent work ''The 
 Impregnable Rock," he says : " They lead upward and on- 
 wards to the idea that the Scriptures are well called Holy^ 
 Scriptures; and that, though assailed by camp, by battery, 
 and by mine, they are, nevertheless, an house built upon a 
 rock, and that rock impregnable ; that the weapon of offense 
 which shall impair their efficiency for aiding in the redemp- 
 tion of mankind has not yet been forged ; that the* Sacred 
 Canon, which it took (perhaps) two thousand years from the 
 accumulations of Moses down to the acceptance of the 
 Apocalypse to construct, is like to wear out the storms and 
 the sunshine of the world, and all the wayward aberrations 
 of humanity, not merely for a term as long, but until time 
 shall be no more." 
 
 The Christian faith and the Holy Scriptures arm us with 
 the means of neutralizing and repelling the assaults of evil 
 in and from ourselves. Mist may rest upon the surrounding 
 landscape, but our own path is visible from hour to hour^ 
 from day to day. 
 
172 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 " I do not ask to see 
 The distant scene ; one step enough for me." 
 
 Our Saviour astonished the people because, instead of be- 
 ing lost in the mazes of arbitrary and vicious excrescences 
 that darkened the face of religion, He taught them "with 
 authority," and "not as the scribes." If God has given us 
 a revelation of His will, whether in the laws of our nature, 
 or in the kingdom of grace, that revelation not only illumi- 
 nates, but binds. Like the credentials of an earthly am- 
 bassador, it is just and necessary that the credentials of that 
 revelation should be tested. But if it be found genuine, if 
 we have proofs of its being genuine, equal to those of which, 
 in ordinary concerns of life, reason acknowledges the obliga- 
 tory character, then we find ourselves to be not independ- 
 ent beings, engaged in an optional inquiry, but the servants 
 of a Master, the pupils of a Teacher, the children of a Fa- 
 ther, and each of us already bound with the bonds which 
 those relations imply. — Pages 7, 353, and 355, ^^The Impreg- 
 nable Rock of Holy Scripture ^^^ by the Right Hon. W. E, 
 Gladstone. 
 
 Note.— Commending myself to the infinite mercies of God in the incar- 
 nate Son as my only and sufficient hope, I leave the particulars of my burial 
 to my executors. On no account shall a laudatory inscription be placed 
 over me. — A Clause hi his last Will. 
 
 JOHN HALL GLADSTONE, 
 
 British Scientist. 
 
 LOOK upon Christ as the highest manifestation of the 
 character of our heavenly Father, the one Mediator 
 between God and man. I regard the Scriptures as a 
 series of the progressive revelations of God's will to 
 man, through various prophets and teachers up to Jesus of 
 JSIazareth Himself and His immediate disciples. 
 
 n^ 
 
G. 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 1 73 
 
 JOHN RICHARD GREEN, 
 
 , British Historian. (1837-1883.) 
 
 ELIGION indeed was only one of the causes for this 
 Q\^ sudden popularity of the Bible. The Book was 
 $^ equally important in its bearing on the intellectual 
 development of the people. All the prose literature 
 of England, save the forgotten tracts of Wyclif, has grown 
 up since the translation of the Scriptures by Tyndall and 
 Coverdale. So far as the nation at large was concerned, no 
 history, no romance, hardly any poetry, save the little-known 
 verses of Chaucer, existed in the English tongue when the 
 Bible was ordered to be set up in the churches. Sunday after 
 Sunday, day after day, the crowds gathered round the Bible 
 in the nave of St. Paul's, or the family group that hung on 
 its words in the devotional exercises at home were leavened 
 with the new literature. . . . But far greater than its 
 effect on literature was the effect of the Bible on the charac- 
 ter of the people at large. The Bible was as yet the one 
 Book which was familiar to every Englishman, and every 
 where its .words, as they fell on ears which custom had not 
 deadened to their force and beauty, kindled a startling en- 
 thusiasm. The whole moral effect which is produced nowa- 
 days by the religious newspaper, the tract, the essay, the ser- 
 mon, was then produced by the Bible alone, and its effect in 
 this way, however dispassionately we examine it, was simply 
 amazing. The whole nation became a church. The prob- 
 lems of life and death, whose questionings found no answer 
 in the higher minds of Shakespeare's day, pressed for an 
 answer not only from noble and scholar, but from farmer and 
 shopkeeper in the age that followed him. . . . But re- 
 ligion in its deepest and iimermost sense had not to do with 
 the church, but with the individual soul. It was each Chris- 
 tian man who held in his power the issues of life and death. 
 It was in each Christian conscience that the strife was waged 
 between Heaven and Hell. Not as one of a body, but as a 
 single soul, could each Christian claim his part in the mys- 
 tery of redemption. — Pages 16, 18, Volimte II I ^ "'England^'''' 
 by John R. Green . 
 
174 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE, 
 
 German Poet and Author. (1749-1832.) 
 
 ESTEEM the Gospels to be thoroughly genuine, for 
 there shines from them the reflected splendor of a sub- 
 limity proceeding from the person of Jesus Christ of so 
 Divine a kind as only the Divine could ever have man- 
 ifested on earth. — Conversations with Eckermann^ III.^ 371. 
 I am persuaded that the Bible becomes ever more beautiful 
 the more it is understood ; that is, the more we consider that 
 every word which we apply to ourselves has had at first a 
 particular, peculiar, immediate reference to certain special 
 circumstances. — *Aus Makarieus Archiv W. Meister. 
 
 Nothing, therefore, remained to me but to part from this 
 society ; and as my love for the Holy Scriptures, as well as 
 the Founder of Christianity and its early professors, could 
 not be taken from me, I formed a Christianity for my private 
 use, and sought to build it up by an attentive study of his- 
 tory. — Page 208, Autobiography. 
 
 Fredrick II., of Denmark, when nearing death, said to 
 his physician: "Let the pulse beat as it may, we know the 
 mercy of God will never fail." 
 
 Constant Coquelin, French Actor: "And why should 
 we not make merry Christmas time? We have the right to 
 be joyful on the day that brought into the world the Saviour 
 of mankind." — The Metropolitan^ December^ 1900. 
 
 Lord North, Prime Minister under George III (1732- 
 1790) : He was truly a pious Christian ; his religion was free 
 from bigotry or intolerance, and continued more in the spirit 
 of Christian benevolence than in outward personal observ- 
 ance — Appendix Vol. II, ' ' Statesmen in the Time of George 
 I 11^ ' ' by Lord Brougham. 
 
 Marquis Daehousie, Governor-General of India, 1848- 
 1856 (181 2-1860). Himself a sincere Christian, while sin- 
 gularly reticent as to his personal faith, he thus wrote of 
 the adoption of Christianity by Maharaja Dhuleep Singh, the 
 last of the Punjab rulers: "The act was voluntary on his 
 part, and, under the guidance of God's hand, was the result 
 of his own uninfluenced convictions. It is gratifying to be 
 able to state that he lived strictly consistent with the injunc- 
 tions of our faith." — Page 778, Volume VI, The Encyclopaedia 
 Britannica. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 175 
 
 OLIVER GOLDSMITH, 
 
 Irish Poet, Historian, and Novelist. (1728-1774.) 
 
 .HE disciples, after 
 
 their Divine Master 
 
 was taken from 
 
 them, proceeded to 
 fulfill His last command- 
 ment by preaching the 
 Gospel "to every nation." 
 . . . Independent of the 
 .sustaining Providence of 
 its Almighty Author, there 
 were many circumstances 
 that facilitated the progress 
 and prepared the way for the 
 final triumph of Christian- 
 ity. . . The heathen system was at once obscure and ab- 
 surd; the philosophers avowedly spoke from conjecture; but 
 by the Gospel "life and immortality was brought to light." 
 Christianity offered the blessings of salvation to men of every 
 class; it was its most marked feature that "to the poor the 
 Gospel was preached," and the wretch who dared not come 
 into the pagan temple because he had no rich offering to lay 
 upon the altar was ready to obey the call of Him who 
 offered pardon and love "without money and without price." 
 . Since that period Christianity has preyailed in 
 Europe, and formed the great social happiness and the great 
 source of the intellectual eminence enjoyed in that quarter of 
 the globe. Let us hope that the exertions now made to dif- 
 fuse its blessings over the benighted portions of the earth 
 will prove successful, and that "peace and happiness, truth 
 and justice, religion and piety" will prevail from pole to 
 pole. — Pages 288 and 391, ''^Pinnock^s Goldsmith^ s Romey 
 
 Last words of Sir Henry Havelock 
 a Christian can die." 
 
 See, my son, how 
 
176 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CHARLES GEORGE GORDON, 
 
 English Major-General ("Chinese Gordon"). 
 ( 1833-1885.) 
 
 ^HERE is death in the seeking of high posts on this 
 earth for the purpose of what the world calls doing 
 great things ; the mightiest of men are flies on a 
 wheel; a kind word to a crossing-sweeper delights 
 Christ in him^ as much as it would delight Christ in a queen. 
 I have had very nice thoughts on I John, IV., 13 — "Who- 
 soever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwell- 
 eth in him, and he in God." I think it is the key to much 
 of the Scripture. I am more than ever convinced that the 
 secret of happiness and holiness is in the indwelling of God. 
 Out of commiseration for our dual condition, God has 
 given us an oracle which will answer any question, advise, 
 instruct, and guide us ; now this oracle must be His voice, 
 for, if not, it would not be His Word. He has, in His infinite 
 wisdom, incarnated His voice in the Scriptures ; His voice 
 is to be understood by the highest or lowest intellect ; it 
 gives answers through all time. To the carnal man it is an 
 ordinary Book ; to the spiritual man it is alive, and makes 
 alive. Whether we consider it or not, the Scriptures con- 
 tain the mind of Christ, and is, when illuminated with the 
 Spirit, as if Christ was ever talking to us. , Now, we should 
 think that if Christ was ever talking to us, that would suffice 
 us, and, consequently, as I believe that in theory^ I try to real- 
 ize it in practice. — ^''Life of General Gordon^ a Christian 
 Hero^^ by Major Seton Churchill. 
 
 HORATIO NELSON, 
 
 Third Earl, Hymn Compiler; first Earl, the Hero of Trafalgar. 
 
 Praise we God the Father, praise we God the Son, 
 And God the Holy Spirit, eternal Three in One. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 177 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE JOHN CAMP- 
 BELL GORDON, 
 
 (SIXTH EARL OF ABERDEEN,) 
 
 Governor-General of Canada. 
 
 E all recognize, and 
 rejoice to recog- 
 nize, the glorious 
 fact that Chris- 
 tianity is the universal reli- 
 gion. It is the religion of 
 mankind. It is as well 
 adapted to the needs of the 
 dusky sons of Africa as to the 
 fair-skinned Scandinavian. 
 Whilst we recognize this 
 glorious oneness of the ever- 
 lasting Gospel, which we are 
 
 here to promote, we must also recognize the diversity of 
 operations which are called for in presenting and declaring 
 this everlasting Word. 
 
 The walls of Jericho fell down flat, but it was not till 
 after they had been compassed round seven days and the last 
 day seven times. And what was the instrument through 
 which this was accomplished? It was not the clash of spears 
 and swords; nor even, first and foremost, was it the shout of 
 the people ; it was the blast of the ram's horns representing 
 the Word of God. And it is still the instrument with which 
 we must carry on our work; that is the weapon of our war- 
 fare ; the Word of God, with the spirit of Christ living and 
 
 abiding in us. 
 
 ^^'L^t^^.utt-*-*^ 
 
 Douglas, in a little time you will be a duke, but I shall be 
 a King. — Dying ivords of the Duke of Hamilton. 
 
178 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN BROWN GORDON, 
 
 United States Senator. 
 
 BELIEVE Christianity is a complete and perfect sys- 
 tem of faith and practice; Christ, while the ideal 
 man, was no less in life and death the very God. The 
 Holy Scriptures I believe to be the only authentic 
 and authoritative Word of God. 
 
 JOHN BARTHOLOMEW GOUGH, 
 
 ^G)^^^ Temperance Reformer and Popular Orator. (18 17-1886.) 
 
 |Y and by this and all great moral enterprises shall 
 usher in the day of the final triumph of the Cross of 
 Christ. I believe it, and for that I work. And when 
 I die, I pray God that I may die in the harness, bat- 
 tling for this with the hope that there is a better day coming, 
 and a prayer, "God speed the right!" Then will we lay our 
 laurels at His feet, and cast our crowns before Him, joining 
 in the mighty anthem of praise to Him who hath subdued 
 all things unto Himself. 
 
 I have a mind capable of understanding in some degree 
 the greatness of the Almighty ; a reason able to worship Him 
 intelligently, and a heart enabling me to love Him. I am a 
 living man, having within me the fire of God, and a spark of 
 immortality which will never go out. For me Christ, the 
 Saviour, died. I am worth more than all this magnificent 
 materialism. I am A MAN! The elements are to melt 
 with a fervent heat. The world is to be removed. "The 
 milky way will shut up its two arms, and hush its dumb 
 prayer forever," but I shall live with a destiny before me as 
 high as heaven, and as vast as eternity. — Pages ^2Z and ^'J2>^ 
 ''^Platform Echoes ^^^ by John B. Gough. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 179 
 
 CHARLES FRANCOIS GOUNOD, 
 
 French Musical Composer. ( 1818-1893.) 
 
 KNOW I look robust; but, as St. Paul says in his 
 
 Epistle to Timothy, "I am now ready to be offered, 
 
 and the time of my departure is at hand. I have 
 
 fought a good fight; I have finished my course; I 
 
 have kept the faith." 
 
 The oratorio, ''The Redemption," is a lyrical setting of 
 three great facts — the Passion and Death of our Saviour ; His 
 glorious life on earth from His resurrection to His ascension, 
 and the spread of Christianity in the world. — "'Review of 
 Reviews ^^^ December^ 1893. 
 
 GOVERNORS OF STATES.* 
 
 ALABAHA. 
 
 • JOSEPH F.JOHNSTON. 
 
 ERE the Bible utterly destroyed from the face of 
 the earth its Divine precepts would live forever in 
 the hearts of men. Had not one of the Apostles 
 recorded the teachings of Christ, His divinity 
 would have been established by tradition and handed down 
 to us from sire to son. '^ w r\ s 
 
 eyt^ ,^ .^tMovio^AAA/ 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 SIMON P. HUGHES. 
 
 HE Bible commends itself as the revealed will of God 
 to man, and as a testimony to the Divinity of Jesus 
 Christ. /^ 
 
 Obtained through correspondence since 1889.— S. A. N. 
 
l8o A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 G^ H. H. MARKHAM. 
 
 t ^^^^^I'^ ^^ t^ s^y ^^^^ ^ ^^ ^ fi^^ believer in Chris- 
 •^ Q tianity and its Book. I am thoroughly convinced 
 9 ^ that all the Churches of Jesus Christ are doing a 
 ^ vast amount of good in their respective capacities. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 ALVA ADAMS. 
 
 BELIEVE Christ and Christianity to be the strongest 
 
 and most potent powers for the good of the race in 
 
 modern civilization, and the Bible to be the greatest 
 
 statute Book ever given for the guidance of man or 
 
 of creeds. y^^ yy 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 R C. LOUNSBURY. 
 
 HAT think ye of Christ?" Thank God, I think 
 well of Him! He is gladness to my soul, and 
 eternal life to all that believe on His name. Chris- 
 tianity is essential to a permanent civilization, and 
 the Bible is an inspired Book — God's revelation to man. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. iSX 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 BENJAMIN T. BIGGS. 
 
 HROUGH the merits of a dying and risen Saviour all 
 may so live on earth that when death comes the im- 
 mortal soul of man may have a home in Heaven. Let 
 the inspired Volume be read by everyone, the Church 
 of Jesus Christ sustained, and the world will be happy and 
 prosperous. ^^ ^/^^^^ 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 EDWARD A. PERRY. 
 
 HRIST'S teachings of the Fatherhood of God and 
 S^ the brotherhood of man is grand in its breadth and 
 power, and sublime in its simplicity and love. How 
 immeasurably superior to the exclusiveness of the 
 sectarian and the speculations of the schoolmen ! "All Scrip- 
 ture is given by inspiration of God." 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 W. J. NORTHEN. 
 
 ^)T gives me great pleasure to aid in any way possible in 
 presenting to mankind the Christian religion as the 
 beginning of civilization, making the security and hap- 
 piness of our homes, the highest and best progress of 
 our people, and the best hopes of the world. Never, for a 
 moment, have I doubted that Christ is ''He that should 
 come," and that the Scriptures are given to us by inspiration 
 from God. In them we have eternal life. There are hid- 
 
l82 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 den mysteries in Christ and the Bible ; so there are in the 
 earth, the air, and the sea. These increase rather than 
 destroy my views of the wondrons power of the Godhead. 
 
 IDAHO. 
 
 c^ W. J. McCONNELL ^ 
 
 ^^^^ "ESUS CHRIST and the Holy Bible constitute the bul- 
 ■\jl wark of our civilization. To me, Jesus is the only 
 Saviour, my guide in this life, and comfort in the hour 
 of death. The Scriptures are Divine, and a perfect 
 
 record of revelation. 
 
 9gi 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 FRANK D JACKSON. 
 
 ^HE highest compliment possible to any family is to 
 truthfully denominate it as the home of Christ and 
 the Bible. The sweetest carols from human voice are 
 the Christian songs. The most touching and the most 
 lasting utterances of the greatest men of our country are their 
 testimonies to Christian influences and Christian purposes. 
 Men may not all publicly confess the one nor profess the 
 other; but belief in God and repressed faith in Christ, the 
 Saviour, are, I believe, as common to the human heart and 
 mind as are the susceptibilities to hunger and to thirst com- 
 mon to the physical body. 
 
r'^ P A H ■ 
 or THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF 
 
 FAMOUS BRITISH POETS. 
 
 ROBERT BURNS, WILLIAM COWPER, 
 
 Page 63. Page too. 
 
 CHARLES LAMB, 
 Page 271, 
 GEOFFREY CHAUCER, ALEXANDER POPE, 
 
 Page 82. Page '\62, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 183 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 ISAAC P. GRAY. 
 
 .HERE was no true conception of what man should bf^ 
 until Christ came. He was Himself an exemplifica- 
 cation of a just and perfect man, and therefore must 
 have been Divine. His teachings gave birth to Chris- 
 tianity, the progress of which marks the advance of civiliza- 
 tion, and obedience to the precepts of the Bible solaces every 
 human grief and brings peace and happiness to man. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 JAMES B. McCREARY.* 
 
 BELIEVE in Christ, the Son of God ; in Christianity 
 as a revealed religion, and in the Bible as Divinely 
 inspired. In an official life of twenty years I have 
 been State Legislator, Governor, and twelve years 
 
 in Congress, and most of the leading men I met believed in 
 
 tht? Christian faith. 
 
 C^^^Z^rt^' 
 
 /^. ;^-t^ 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 L.YMAN U. HUMPHREY. 
 
 invented. 
 
 HAT the life and teachings of Christ were Divine I 
 can not doubt, though i can not explain. The simple 
 presentation alone of sucn a character as Christ, has 
 done more good than all the moral systems ever 
 
 * United States Senator from Kentucky 
 
1 84 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 MAINE. 
 
 EDWIN C. BURLEIGH. 
 
 BELIEVE in Christ, and that His glorious niission 
 here was to fully make known God's love to man. To 
 me the Bible is just what it claims to be — the gjreat 
 Book of Books, the inspired guide of Christendom. ^ 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 ELIHU E. JACKSON. 
 
 FIRMLY believe the Bible to be a Divine revelation, 
 and accept the Apostles' Creed as a basis of my belief 
 in Christ (2). 
 
 ^^^(^Z^^^^^^-'t^^T^^ 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 EMORY WASHBURN. 
 
 .0 the Bible and to the power of its truths are we far 
 more indebted than to any other cause for the pres- 
 ervation of order throughout the land. Even our 
 cities, with a vastly increased police, without the 
 Bible, without Christianity, could not preserve peace for a 
 single year. The Book makes man afraid to do wrong 
 because it teaches him that he thereby violates the laws of 
 his conscience and his God. The Bible must find its way 
 into every family in the country. Men must be fed abun- 
 dantly on the Bread of Life. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. , 185 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 CYRUS G. LUCE. 
 
 BELIEVE in the eternal truths taught in the Scrip- 
 tures. Scientific discovery fortifies and strengthens 
 these truths. They have endured the test of time 
 and trial, and, I think, will endure to the end. Christ 
 
 came as a part of the Godhead, as an angel of mercy, and 
 
 as a living example for a true Christian life. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 A. R. McGlLL 
 
 'HE Hebrew is the noblest of literatures, and the Bible 
 is the best of books. Its supreme interest culminates 
 in the ethical teachings of Jesus Christ ; but His life, 
 His heroism, His divine compassion. His atoning sac- 
 rifice are even more than any words He ever uttered. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 ROBERT LOWRY. 
 
 
 ) I ESUS CHRIST is equal with God, yet possessed with 
 a perfect human nature. He is the Saviour of all 
 % who believe in Him. 
 
 Christianity is the religion of the Holy Scriptures. 
 The Bible is the inspired Word of God, furnishing to man 
 a perfect law of life. 
 
 ^^--M^-^i^T/ 
 
i86 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 DAVID R. FRANCIS.^ 
 
 vHE Bible is the highest spiritual expression of human-^ 
 ity. To it has turned, and shall ever turn, the soul 
 of the world. 
 
 The greatest tribute to Christ is that all men of all 
 creeds concede Him to be the Supreme Type of the Race. 
 He was not only man ; He was The Man ; and verily 
 God-Man. 
 
 ^ Ot^'y^^-'^^f^'^^^U^ 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 JOSEPH K. TOOLE. 
 
 BELIEVE in the teachings of the Scriptures, and in 
 Jesus Christ as the Author and Finisher of our Faith.- 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 JOHN M. THAYER. 
 
 AM free to say that I believe Jesus Christ to be the 
 Messiah, King of kings, Emanuel, Prince of Peace, 
 Lord God Almighty. 
 
 I believe the Bible to be God's Holy Word ; I also 
 
 believe it to be the fountain source of all law and of justice, 
 
 the foundation of all government. 
 
 President of the World's Fair, St. lyouis, 1903. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 187 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 ^^ C. C. STEVENSON. 
 
 
 ^HRIST is a great Saviour. 
 V^ Christianity is a great Moral Reformer. 
 C^J-^ The Holy Scripture is a great Moral Code. 
 
 ^ <C^ J^Lc^u<^yv^cyy^ 
 
 NEW HAHPSHIRE. 
 
 HIRAM A. TUTTLE. 
 
 ^MRIST was a man in all things except the absence of 
 ' S^ sin, and the presence of a mysterious Godhead some- 
 how ; I can not tell how, any more than I can tell 
 how God exists in other manifestations. As a man 
 He suffered and died, and was tempted just like us, as He 
 said, and as His apostles declared. Yet God was in Him in 
 such a sense that we may properly worship Him as God. 
 In becoming man the Godhead in Him was restricted so far 
 as to subject Him to suffering and temptation like the rest 
 of us ; herein consists His humiliation, and His fitness to be 
 a Saviour for us. I regard the Bible as the Word of God, 
 and believe it was written under such Divine superintend- 
 ence as was requisite for the proper expression of its infalli- 
 ble truths, and their preservation from any essential error. 
 
 i/ri:4>i^T^ 
 
 I will die as becomes a Christian ! I declare, before God 
 and man, that I have never betrayed my country ; may my 
 death render her happy. Vive la France ! My comrades, 
 fire on me ! — Last words of Marshal Ney. 
 
i88 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 ROBERT STOCKTON GREEN. 
 
 AM by education and conviction a believer in Christy 
 Christianity, and the Bible, if one does not neces* 
 sarily include the other. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 ROSWELL P. FLOWER. 
 
 BEIvIEVE in the Apostle's creed (2). 
 
 '*I will tell you what I have done," he continued, taking 
 from the table a morocco-bound Bible ; " I have brought this 
 with me. I read seven chapters in that Bible every week. 
 That is the only way to get a clear idea of it. There are no 
 thumb-marks in it because I keep my hands clean, but you 
 see I have marked passages all the way through. Yes, that 
 old Book" — and the Governor patted it approvingly as he 
 laid it down on the table — ''is a good revised Bible, and I 
 have carried it for a good number of years." — The ''^htter 
 Ocean^'' September 4, 1893, in interview with Governor Flower 
 at the Columbian Exposition. 
 
 To his Wife : " Remember, my Eliza, you are a Christian.'^' 
 • — Last words of Alexander Hamilton. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 189 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 ALFRED M. SCALES. 
 
 HRIST is the eternal Son of God, and the only Re- 
 
 C^ deemer of the world. Christianity i^ based on the 
 
 Divinity of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of mankind, and 
 
 the only true religion. 
 
 The sacred Scripture is the revealed will of God, and 
 
 teaches what man is to believe concerning God, and what 
 
 duty God requires of man. " May the Word of the Lord 
 
 have free course, and be glorified." 
 
 j^y^JcL^ju^ 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 JOSEPH BENSON FORAKER.* 
 
 'hRIST is Divine, the Bible is the Word of God, and 
 Christianity is the hope of the world. 
 
 y 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 SYLVESTER PENNOYER. 
 
 HE Nicene creed is my creed (i). 
 
 ^A^ 
 
 When Sir Humphrey Gilbert went down with his ship, 
 he said : " The road to heaven is as short by sea as by land.** 
 
 United States Senator from Ohio. 
 
IQO 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 JAMES A. BEAVER. 
 
 HRIST, to me, is a Divine Saviour who has made 
 <^ atonement for the sins of a lost race. Christianity 
 is a power whose influence and uplifting can be ac- 
 counted for only upon the hypothesis of a Divine 
 origin, and of an omnipotent spiritual force which pervades 
 and controls it. The Bible is the revealed will of God, mer- 
 cifully made known to man for his guidance, obedience, and 
 salvation. 
 
 Ar^^^mf^ 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 ROYAL C. TAFT, 
 
 BELIEVE that Jesus Christ came to be a propitiation 
 for the sins of the world, that through Him all men 
 may be saved if they will ; that Christianity and the 
 Bible in their teachings promote the highest civiliza- 
 tion of the world. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 JOHN P. RICHARDSON 
 
 AM a Christian. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 191 
 
 SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 A. C. MELLETTE. 
 
 CONSIDER the Bible to be the inspiration and the 
 substance of western civilization, the Ten Command- 
 ments having produced the ancient, and the Sermon 
 on the Mount the modern. Christ is the base and 
 summit, the Alpha and Omega of the Scriptures. No civil- 
 ization ever arose except from a code of religion accepted 
 as Divine. No other authority can fix the boundary be- 
 tween the right and the wrong, the basis law, morals, and 
 society. As the Gospel is loftier than all other ideals in re- 
 ligion, so does the Christian civilization it begets surpass all 
 others. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 ROBERT L. TAYLOR. 
 
 BELIEVE that Jesus Christ and the inspired Book 
 vouchsafe the only true happiness in this life, and the 
 only well-grounded hope of happiness in the life to 
 come. ^ — ^ 
 
 -A . 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 J. S. HOGG. 
 
 HAVE faith and am a believer in both Christ and 
 the Bible. 
 
192 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 VERHONT. 
 
 LEVI K. FULLER, 
 
 v>S a literary classic, the Bible is the richest of all books 
 
 in all that is beautiful, noble, and precious; its Di- 
 vine authority can not be questioned, and its pro- 
 found spiritual significance is apprehended by those 
 
 who, through personal faith, come into loving union with 
 
 the only Saviour. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 JOHN SERGEANT WISE, 
 
 .HE Bible is an inspired Book ; its internal evidences 
 alone convince me of the fact ; Christ is the Son of 
 God; His life was so absolutely different from any 
 other person, and His philosophy so different from 
 
 any that preceded it, that I feel no doubt whatever of His 
 
 Divinity. 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 ELISHA P. FERRY. 
 
 BELIEVE that Christ is the Son of God; that the 
 
 Bible is the Word of God, transmitted to us by 
 
 '^J Divine revelation through Prophets and Apostles. 
 
 i 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 1 93 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 C. W. WILSON. 
 
 Y the tests of human evidence alone, the faultless 
 purity of the teachings of Jesus Christ, the Saviour, 
 and of the Bible, the inspired Word, command, ir 
 reason, the first place in human hearts anywhere. 
 
 (!:Uo^cnJ^<;^a^ 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 JEREMIAH McLAIN RUSK. 
 
 (1830-1893.) 
 
 WAS reared by Christian parents, and taught to be- 
 lieve in the Bible and the teachings of Christ. This 
 belief has grown upon me in later years, and I feel 
 that these inspired teachings are the foundation upon 
 
 which rests ever>^thing good we have as a people, and without 
 
 which our government could not exist. 
 
 %^-^ 
 
 C 
 
 (I) THE NICENE CREED. 
 
 We believe in one God, the Almighty Father, maker of all 
 things both visible and invisible ; and in one Lord Jesus Christ, 
 the Son of God, begotten of the Father, very God of very God, 
 begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father, 
 by whom all things were made, who, for us men and our sal- 
 
194 " A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 vation, came down and was made flesh, made man, suffered, 
 and rose again the third day, went up into the heavens, and is 
 to come down to judge the quick and the dead ; and in the 
 Holy Ghost. 
 
 (2) THE APOSTLES' CREED. 
 
 I believe in God, the Father Almighty; . . . and in Jesus 
 Christ, His only begotten Son, our Lord, who was born of the 
 Holy Ghost and the Virgin Mary, who under Pontius Pilate 
 was crucified and buried, and on the third day rose from the 
 dead, ascended into heaven, and sitteth at the right hand of 
 the Father, whence He is come to judge the quick and the 
 dead ; and in the Holy Ghost, the Holy Church, the remission 
 of sins, the resurrection of ths flesh, everlasting life. 
 
 SIR JAMES ALEXANDER GRANT, 
 
 Canadian Physician and Geologist. 
 
 'HE Bible, the Book of all books, is a wonderful rec- 
 ord of Divine authority. It is undoubtedly the 
 greatest civilizer of the age. It has an influence for 
 good impossible to estimate. Its resources are un- 
 bouncfed. Her Majesty, the Queen of England, said that 
 Britain's greatness rested on this basis. Christ and the 
 Bible go hand in hand in one great line of duty, for the last 
 benefit of humanity. " The Bible holds with Science the 
 doctrine of progress and development in nature." In these 
 lines of thought there are no truly conflicting interests. The 
 more closely examined, the more wonderful in their manifes- 
 tations. Rich and poor draw alike from the fountain which 
 will never run dry. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 195 
 
 HENRY GRATTAN, 
 
 Irish Orator and Statesman. (1746-1820.) 
 
 F I had not read this Book before it would be of little 
 value to me now. I can do nothing of myself. I 
 prostrate myself, with all my sins, at the foot of the 
 Cross, and I trust to the merits of my Redeemer. — To 
 his DaiLghter who had been reading the Scriptures to him. 
 
 ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT, 
 
 General-in-Chief during the Civil War ; Eighteenth President 
 of the United States. (1822-1885.) 
 
 Washington, June 6, 1876. 
 O the Editor of the Sunday -School Times ^ Philadel- 
 phia: Your favor of yesterday asking a message 
 from me to the children and the youth of the United 
 States, to accompany your Centennial number, is 
 this morning received. My advice to Sunday-Schools, no 
 matter what their denomination, is: Hold fast to the Bible 
 as the sheet anchor of your liberties; write its precepts in 
 your hearts, and practice them in your lives. To the influ- 
 ence of this Book are we indebted for all the progress made 
 in true civilization, and to this must we look as our 'guide in 
 the future. "Righteousness exalteth a nation; but sin is a 
 reproach to any people." Yours respectfully, 
 
 U. S. Grant. 
 
 I believe in the Holy Scriptures, and whoso lives by 
 them will be benefited thereby. Men may difier as to the 
 interpretation, which is human, but the Scriptures are man's 
 best guide. ... I did not go riding yesterday, although in- 
 vited and permitted by my physicians, because it was the 
 Lord's day, and because I felt that if a relapse should set in, 
 the people who are praying for me would feel that I was not 
 
196 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 helping their faith by riding out on Sunday. . . Yes, I know, 
 and I feel very grateful to the Christian people of the land 
 for their prayers in my behalf. There is no sect or religion, 
 as shown in the Old or New Testament, to which this does 
 not apply. — Pages 709, 710, ^''Military and Civil Life of Gen- 
 eral Ulysses S. Grant^^'' by James P, Boyd. 
 
 ASA GRAY, 
 
 Botanist; Author of Scientific Text-Books; Educator. 
 
 ACCEPT Christianity on its own evidence. . . 
 
 We shall agree in this, that Revelation culminated, 
 
 ^ and for us most essentially consists, in the advent of 
 a Divine Person, who, being made man, manifested 
 the Divine nature in union with the human ; and that this 
 manifestation constitutes Christianity. 
 
 Having accepted the doctrine of incarnation, itself the 
 crowning miracle, attendant miracles are not obstacles to be- 
 lief. Their primary use must have been for those who wit- 
 nessed tliem. But the very reason on which scientific men 
 reject miracles for the carrying on of nature may operate in 
 favor of miracles to attest an incoming of the supernatural 
 for moral ends. . . . We may add one more to our con- 
 fession : We all of us draw more from the exhaustless reve- 
 lation of Christ in the Gospels ; but this should suffice for the 
 profession of Christianity. — Pages 106 and 108, ^'Natural 
 Science and Religion^'''' by Asa Gray. 
 
 CoRWiN, Thomas, United States Senator: The hardy 
 spirits who founded the sacred asylum in Palestine were fired 
 with zeal that no human effort could resist. They had 
 visited the lands consecrated by the advent of the Messiah. 
 They had stood on the shores that had seen the descent of the 
 baptismal dove ; they had sat down and sorrowed on the hills 
 of Judea; they had trembled at the miracles of a God. — Page 
 124, ^^ Life and Speeches of Thomas Corwin^''^ edited by Josiah 
 Morrow. 
 
SOLDIERS IN THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 Major-General Sickles, 
 
 Page 412. 
 
 Major-General Howard, Major-General Merritt, 
 
 Page 2}9. Page ^,e. 
 
 General-in-Chief Schofield. 
 
 Page ^p8. 
 
 Major-General Pleasonton, Colonel Wilson, 
 
 Page j6/. Page s'O. 
 
 Major-General Longstreet, 
 
 Page 2gi. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 197 
 
 HORACE GREELEY, 
 
 Journalist. (1811-1872.) 
 
 T is impossible to men- 
 tally or socially en- 
 slave a Bible-readinof 
 people. The princi- 
 ples of the Bible are the 
 groundwork of human free- 
 dom. 
 
 Your reference to the 
 '' blameless Christian wife " 
 — and what is "more pleas- 
 ing in the sight of God "? — 
 impels me to say that I must consider Jesus of Nazareth a 
 better authority as to what is Christian and what pleases God 
 than you are. His testimony on the subject is expressed and 
 unequivocal (Matt. xix. 9) that a marriage can be ruthfully 
 dissolved because of adultery alone. You well know that was 
 not the law either of the Jews or Romans in His day, so 
 that He can not have been misled by custom or tradition, 
 even were it possible for Him to have been mistaken. I be- 
 lieve He was wholly right. 
 
 I am not, therefore, to be classed with those who claim to 
 have been converted from one creed to another by studying 
 the Bible alone. Certainly, upon re-reading that Book in the 
 light of my new convictions, I found therein abundant proofs 
 of their correctness in the averments of patriarchs, Genesis 
 iii. 15 ; xii. 3 ; Prophets, Isaiah xxv, 8 ; Apostles, Romans v. 
 12-21 ; viii. 19-21 ; I. Cor. xv. 42-54; Eph. i. 8-10 ; Col. i. 
 19-21 ; I. Tim. 2, 3-6 ; and of the Messiah Himself, Matthew 
 XV. 13 ; John xii. 32. . . . In the light of this faith the dark 
 problem of evil is irradiated, and virtually solved. " Perfect 
 through suflfering " was the way traced out by the great Cap- 
 tain of our Salvation. — Pages 70, 71, and 559, Autobiography 
 of Horace Greeley. 
 
198 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN PERDUE GRAY, 
 
 Physician; Thirty Years Superintendent New York Insane Asylum. 
 
 (1825-1886.) 
 
 t 
 
 ^HE strongest safeguard against suicide is the sense of 
 man's responsibility to his Creator for all human con- 
 duct, including the keeping of our lives. If the sense 
 of accountability to the future is gone, no considera- 
 tion of one's duty to one's family, to society, or self can ever 
 answer the arguments of the suicide. It is indeed conscience 
 which makes cowards of us all ; but it is also the voice which 
 points us to the higher responsibility for all our acts. Let 
 me warn you against the teachings of any so-called philoso- 
 phy and sentimentalism which tends to disregard of the Di- 
 vine truths of the Bible, and of our Lord and Saviour Jesus 
 Christ. — From a letter of Mrs. Mary F. Gray to S. A. N. 
 
 SIMON GREENLEAF, 
 
 Jurist; Professor of Law in Harvard College. 
 (1783-1853.) 
 
 F the Divine character of the Bible, I think no man 
 who deals honestly with his own mind and heart can 
 f^^ entertain a reasonable doubt. For myself, I must 
 say, that having for many years made the evidences 
 of Christianity the subject of close study, the result has been 
 a firm and increasing conviction of the authenticity and 
 plenary inspiration of the Bible. It is indeed the Word of 
 God. — From correspondence with the America^t Bible Society y 
 Cambridge^ November 6, 1852. 
 
 The character they portrayed is perfect. It is the charac- 
 ter of a sinless Being — One supremely wise and supremely 
 good. . . . The doctrines and precepts of Jesus are in 
 strict accordance with the attributes of God, agreeable to the 
 most exalted ideas which we can form of them, from reason 
 or revelation. They are strictly adapted to the capacities of 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 199 
 
 mankind, and yet are delivered with a simplicity wholly Di- 
 vine. "He spake as never man spake.'' He spake with 
 authority, yet addressed Himself to the reason and under- 
 standing of men, and He spake with wisdom which men 
 could neither gainsay nor resist. — ^^ Ex animation of the Testi- 
 mojty of the Fottr Evangelists by the Rules of Evidence Ad- 
 ministered in Courts of fustice^ with an Accou7tt of the Trial 
 of fesus^^^ by Sittion Greeiileaf, 
 
 OLiNTHUS GILBERT GREGORY, 
 
 English Mathematician and Philosopher. (1774-1841.) 
 
 <HE Divine nature of Jesus Christ was foretold by 
 some of the prophets, either explicitly when speak- 
 ing of the Messiah, or by describing works and char- 
 acteristics of God, which the Apostles have declared 
 were referable to Jesus Christ. 
 
 II. The prophecies, miracles, language, and conduct of 
 Jesus Christ furnish indubitable proof of His Divinity. 
 
 III. The testimony of the Apostles is decidedly in favor 
 of the Divinity of our Lord. 
 
 The prevailing opinion among Christians during the first 
 three centuries was, that Jesus Christ was really a Divine 
 Person and not a mere man. — Chapter XV of ''^ Letters on the 
 Evidences^ Doctrines^ and Duties of the Christian Religioii^'' 
 by Olinthus Gregory. 
 
 THOMAS SMITH GRIMKE, 
 
 Lawyer and Philanthropist. (1786-1834.) 
 
 HERE is a classic, the best the world has ever seen, 
 
 the noblest that has ever honored and dignified the 
 
 language of mortals. If we look into its antiquity^ 
 
 we discover a title to our veneration, unrivaled in 
 
 our history of literature. If we have respect to its evidences, 
 
200 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 they are found in the testimony of miracle and prophecy ; in 
 the ministry of man, of nature, and of angels; yea, even of 
 '' God manifest in the flesh," of "God blessed forever." If 
 we consider its authenticity, no other pages have survived 
 the lapse of time that can be compared with it. If we ex- 
 amine its authority, for it speaks as never man spake, we dis- 
 cover that it came from heaven in vision and prophecy, 
 under the sanction of Him who is the Creator of all things. 
 If we reflect upon its truths, they are lovely and spotless, 
 sublime and holy as God himself, unchangeable as His na- 
 ture, durable as His righteous dominion, and versatile as the 
 moral condition of mankind. — See his published addresses on 
 ^^ Science^ Education^ and Liter aturey 
 
 HUGO GROTIUS, 
 
 Dutch Jurist and Author. ( 1583-1645.) 
 
 >HERE is no reason for Christians to doubt the credi- 
 bility of these Books (of the Bible), because there are 
 tCvStimonies in our books out of almost every one of 
 them, the same as they are found in the Hebrew. 
 Nor did Christ, when He reproved many things in the teach- 
 ings of the Law, and in the Pharisees of His time, ever ac- 
 cuse them of falsifying the Books of Moses and the Prophets, 
 or of using supposititious or altered books. And it can never 
 be proved, or made credible, that after Christ's time the 
 Scripture should be corrupted in anything of moment, if we 
 consider how far and wide the Jewish nation, who every- 
 where kept these Books, was dispersed over the whole world. 
 — See " The Truth of the Christian Religion ^^^ by Hugo Gro- 
 tius. 
 
 Christoph Ritter Gluck (17 14-1787). Inscribed in 
 red marble at Metzleinsdorf are these words: ''Here rests 
 an upright German. A zealous Christian. A faithful 
 spouse. Of the "noble art of Music, a great Master." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 20 r 
 
 FRANCOIS PIERRE GUILLAUME GUIZOT, 
 
 French Historian and Statesman. ( 1787-1874.) 
 
 T was not in memory 
 
 of old and obsolete 
 
 mythologies, but in 
 
 the name of recent 
 deeds and persons, in obe- 
 dience to laws proceeding 
 from God, One and Univer- 
 sal, in fulfillment and con- 
 tinuation of a contemporary 
 and superhuman history — 
 that of Jesus Christ, the 
 Son of God and the Son of 
 man — that Christians of the first two centuries labored to 
 convert to their faith the whole Roman world. — Page 89, 
 Volume /, ^''History of France^'' by F. P. G. Guizot, 
 
 I believe in God, and worship Him without attempting to 
 understand Him. I see His presence and His actions, not 
 only in the unchangeable laws of the universe, and in the 
 secret life of the soul, but in the history of human society, 
 and especially in the Old and New Testaments — these rec- 
 ords of revelation and of the Divine action of the mediation 
 and sacrifice of our Lord Jesus Christ for the salvation of the 
 human race. I bow before the mysteries of the Bible and 
 the Gospel, and refrain from the discussions and scientific 
 solutions by means of which men have tried to explain 
 them. I have a firm faith that God allows me to call myself 
 a Christian. — Page 17, ^'"Monsieur Qui sot in Private Life^ 
 1 787-1874," by his daicghter^ Madame De Witt; translated by 
 M, C, M, Simpson. 
 
 Baron von Humboldt's dying words: ^' How grand these 
 rays! They seem to beckon earth to Heaven." 
 
202 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHANN GUTENBERG, i 
 
 Q ^ German Inventor of Printing. (1400-1468.) 
 
 OD suffers in the multitude of souls whom His word 
 can not reach. Religious truth is imprisoned in a 
 small number of manuscript books which confine 
 instead of spread the public treasure. Let us break 
 the seal which seals up holy things and give wings to 
 Truth in order that she may win every soul that comes into 
 the world by her word no longer written at great expense by 
 hands easily palsied, but multiplied like the wind by an 
 untiring machine. 
 
 Yes, it is a press, certainly, but a press from which shall 
 flow in inexhaustible streams the most abundant and most 
 marvelous liquor that has ever flowed to relieve the thirst of 
 men. Through it, God will spread His word; a spring of 
 pure truth shall flow from it; like a new star it shall scatter 
 the darkness of ignorance, and cause a light hithertofore un- 
 known to vshine among men. — Pages 277 and 2'^^^'''' Mem- 
 ories of Celebrated Characters ^^^ by Alp house De Lamar tine. 
 
 ARNOLD GUYOT, 
 
 Geologist and Naturalist. (1807-1884.) 
 
 AY my brother scientist, as well as the believer in 
 J ^d. the Bible, find in the following pages new reasons for 
 accepting the truths contained in this sacred docu- 
 ment as the revelation of a God of love to man. 
 ''Through faith we understand the worlds were framed by 
 the word of God." Hence the necessity of a direct revela- 
 tion of these fundamental truths, to which human wisdom 
 could not attain in any other way, and which, without the 
 sanction of God's Word, were doomed to remain simple 
 " hypothesis, incapable of proof. 
 
 We often hear paleontologists looking sedulously for the 
 missing link between man and the animal. They forget that 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 203 
 
 in the sense of which they speak there can be no link want- 
 ing. The figure and the structure of the ape is as near as 
 need be to be called a link between man and the animal; 
 the difference between the two beings is not in the shape of 
 a thumb, or in any particular bodily organ, but in the moral 
 nature. An animal as beautiful in form as Apollo Belvi- 
 dere, but not possessed of the sense of the invisible, would 
 still be an animal and nothing more. A poor, misshapen 
 Hottentot, endowed with these spiritual faculties, rendering 
 him capable of becoming a living member of the spiritual 
 world, through faith in Christ, would still be a man, belong-^ 
 ing to the upper plane of life, and bound to his Maker by 
 ties of love and adoration. — See Preface^ Chapters V and 
 XIV of ^' Creation^ or the Biblical Cosmogony in the Light of 
 Modern Science ^'^'^ by Arnold Gtiyot. 
 
 LORD HADDO, 
 
 Fifth Earl of Aberdeen. (1816-1860.) 
 
 THANK God that death had not come six years ago, 
 before I underwent that sudden and entire change in 
 my religious views and feelings. I think much of 
 the many assurances that the blood of Christ cleanses 
 from all sin. ... If we are His disciples and are desir- 
 ous of leaving all for His sake, we are perfectly safe. 
 — Page 197, ** Turning Points in the Lives of Eminent Chris- 
 tians^ ' ' by Mary E. Beck, 
 
 HENRY L HOWISON, 
 
 Rear-Admiral. 
 
 HAVE been and am now impressed with the belief that 
 naval men as a body are believers in Christianity and 
 its Book. My belief in the Divinity of Jesus Christ 
 is assured and firm. ^^ 
 
204 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SAMUEL CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH 
 HAHNEMANN, 
 
 German Physician, Founder of the Homoeopathic System. 
 
 G^ (1755-1843.) 
 
 ^ ^FKFFEL and Euler must lose their sight in order to 
 *^ ^C^ surpass the most of their fellow beings in poetical 
 and mathematical talent; and if we had space we 
 might adduce many other examples of benefits de- 
 rived from injurious things, to the glory of Christ. — Page 
 \%2 of his ^^ Lesser Writing s.^^ 
 
 Whilst suffering much from the pain and difficulty of 
 breathing during his last illness, his wife said to him, "As 
 you in your laborious life have alleviated the sufferings of 
 so many, and have yourself endured so much, surely Provi- 
 dence owes you a remission of all your sufferings." To 
 which the follower of the Great Physician replied: "Me ! and 
 why mer Each man here below works according to the 
 gifts and strength Providence hath given him, and it is only 
 before the fallible tribunal of man that degrees of merit are 
 acknowledged, not so before that of God ; God owes me noth- 
 ing, but I owe Him much, yes, everything!" — ^^ Lectures on 
 Theory and Practice of Homoeopathy ^^^ by Doctor Dudgeon^ 
 London^ 1853. 
 
 F. T. HAIG, 
 
 English Major-General. 
 
 HAT is the spiritual condition of these millions? 
 There is not one of them that God has not loved ; 
 there is not one of them for whom Christ did not 
 die; there is not one of them that goes down 
 into darkness but the " very tears of Christ are, as it were, 
 falling upon his head. When we come to this question, we 
 want to look at it as Christ sees it ; we want to look at it from 
 the point of view of eternity- We must get alone with it 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 205 
 
 and our Bibles, and we must answer it. Shame on us, when 
 we look at the wonderful, inconceivable love of God toward 
 these* lost ones, and then look at our own hearts ! God has 
 shown us that there is nothing that He will not do, or give, 
 or suffer, that men may be saved ; and yet in spite of all 
 that infinite wealth of love, men are going dowi; to death 
 because you and I do not tell them of the Gospel. — From 
 his address^ '^ The Claim of India^'' delivered at a missionary 
 conference^ Manchester^ and published by the Missionary 
 Church Society^ London, 
 
 SIR MATTHEW HALE, 
 
 Lord Chief-Justice of England. ( 1609-1676.) 
 
 .VERY morning read seriously and reverently a por- 
 tion of the Holy Scriptures, and acquaint yourselves 
 with the history and doctrine thereof; it is a Book 
 full of light and wisdom, and will make you wise 
 unto eternal life. 
 
 Who was it that thus suffered ? It was Christ Jesus, the 
 eternal Son of God, clothed in our flesh ; God and Man 
 united in one person ; His manhood giving Him capacity 
 for suffering, and His Godhead giving a value to sufifering ; 
 and each nature united in one person to make a complete 
 Redeemer; the Heir of all things; the Prince of Life; the 
 Light that lighteneth every man that cometh into the world. 
 As touching His Divine nature, God over all, blessed forever ; 
 and as touching His human nature, full of grace and truth ; 
 and in both, the beloved Son of the eternal God, in whom 
 He proclaimed Himself well pleased. — Pages 56 and 70, 
 Volume IV, ''British Plutarch:' 
 
 The Eighth Earl of Kinnoull ( • • . ^l^l)'- They 
 who strive to remove the atonement of Christ from the Word 
 of God do an irreparable injury to the comforts and hopes of 
 man. My time in this world is now short, but, with truth I 
 can declare my heart is supported by a firm reliance upon 
 inv Saviour. — In Conversation with Doctor Rempy Edinburgh^ 
 December 2']. 1787. 
 
206 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ALBERT VON HALLER, 
 
 Swiss Anatomist and Physiologfst. (1708-1777.) 
 
 OD has given me a Book to warn and instruct me. 
 But does my heart recognize the Divine voice? 
 Saviour of the world, Thou hast shed Thy blood for 
 all mankind. Give me to know Thee ! 
 I read the Bible and study the life of the Saviour suffer- 
 ing for us, and then begin to think of my plants and a thou- 
 sand useless things. If a journal comes in, I leave the Word 
 of God and read till the holy seed is choked, so that but the 
 smallest grain remains in the heart. 
 
 On the borders of eternity I see nothing that can assure 
 me of my destiny, but the certainty of a Mediator who has 
 paid my debt and given me ground to believe that God is 
 reconciled to me, and will pardon my faults, and the multi- 
 tude of my sins of which I have been guilty during the 
 course of a long life. — -/. Risdon Bennett^ Volume VIII^ 
 '' Short Biographies for the People. ^^ 
 
 LORD HALSBURY, 
 
 The Right Honorable Lord High Chancellor of 
 England. 
 
 HO fears the investigations made by science into 
 the creation of the world? It has proceeded from 
 the same Author as the Scriptures. The one 
 Author will be found true in both. And if there 
 is any question which seems for the moment to make science 
 not in accord with Revelation, then all that we can say is 
 that we are sorry for science. 
 
 I do not suppose in the history of the world there has ever 
 been a time when it was more necessary, not only for the 
 advocates of the Bible and Christianity to be on their guard, 
 but for all those whose duty it is to encounter the learned 
 ignorance of our time. I believe to the uninstructed mind — - 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 207 
 
 the simple mind of him who is only seeking after truth in a 
 reverent, humble spirit — the Bible itself is its own best ex- 
 ponent, its own best proof. 
 
 I think we may safely, all of us, believe the Bible, though 
 we may not always believe what people say about it, which 
 is a very different thing. . . .In reading the Bible, as 
 in reading any other book, remember that language is but a 
 feeble instrument of human thought, and that you must 
 understand the Bible in the sense in which it is written. I 
 advise you not to believe what a writer of novels or any one 
 else may say about the Bible ; read it, try to understand it, 
 and the Bible will make you free. — Selections from a speech 
 while chairman of the Twenty -Second Annual Meeting of the 
 Christian Evidence Society. 
 
 When new attacks were made on Christianity, and I looked 
 about me and found symptoms of hostility to the Word of 
 God, I recognized the fact that in past days there have been 
 the same attacks, and yet the Word of Promise abides that 
 "the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." I believe 
 that the weapon that must conquer is "the Sword of the 
 Spirit, which is the Word of God." I am the last one to 
 depreciate the use of our reason. We are given our reason 
 to examine and prove all things and "to hold fast that which 
 is good." But it is impossible not to know that there is a 
 self- worship, a sort of deifying the intellect of man above the 
 Revelation of God; and when that evil prevails amongst us, 
 let us draw back to the first fountain, to the pure water of 
 the well of life, which comes from the Word of God, and it 
 will sweep away all this evil. — Extract from an address at 
 the Eighty-fourth Anniversary of the British and Foreign 
 Bible Society^ London^ fune^ 1888. 
 
 VISCOUNT HILL, 
 
 Commander-in Chief of the British Army, 1828-1842. " The Right Arm of 
 the Duke of Wellington." (1772-1842.) 
 
 HE name of the Saviour is a cordial to me in this dis- 
 tressing, weak state. ** Other foundation can no man 
 lay, than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ." — Page 
 386, ''''Life of Lord Hill^^'' by Edward Sidney. 
 
2o8 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ALEXANDER HAMILTON, 
 
 Lawyer ; Statesman ; Secretary of Treasury under President Washington. 
 
 (1757-1804.) 
 
 HAVE a tender reli- 
 ance upon the mer- 
 cy of the Almighty, 
 through the merits of 
 the Lord Jesus Christ. I am 
 a sinner. I look to Him for 
 mercy; pray for me. — Page 
 252, " American Christian 
 Rulers^'''' by Edward J. Gid- 
 dings. 
 
 Let an association be 
 formed, to be denominated 
 "The Christian Constitu- 
 tional Society." Its object to be, first, the support of the 
 Christian religion ; second, the support of the Constitution of 
 the United States. — Page 267, American Statesmen Series,, 
 ''^Alexander Hamilton,,'*'' by Henry Cabot Lodge. 
 
 I have carefully examined the evidences of the Christian 
 religion, and if I was sitting as a juror upon its authenticity 
 I would unhesitatingly give my verdict in its favor. I can 
 prove its truth as clearly as any proposition ever submitted 
 to the mind of man. — Page 126, ''^Famous American States- 
 men^^'' by. Sarah K. Bolton, 
 
 Mortals hastening to the tomb, and once the companions 
 of my pilgrimage, take warning, and avoid my errors. Cul- 
 tivate the virtues I have recommended. Choose the Saviour 
 I have chosen. Live disinterestedly, and would you rescue 
 anything from final dissolution, lay it up in God. — From 
 President Notfs Eulogy of Alexander Hamilton. 
 
 The last words of Burke, Sir Robert Peel, and Wordsworth 
 were : *' God bless you!" 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 209 
 
 SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON, 
 
 ^r,n Scottish Antiquary. ( 1730-1803.) 
 
 Science is fatal to superstition. It is a fortification 
 of Scriptural faith. The Bible is the bravest of 
 books ; coming from God, and conscious of nothing 
 but God's truth, it waits the progress of knowledge 
 with calm security. It watches the antiquarian ransacking 
 among classic ruins, and rejoices in every medal he discovers 
 and every inscription he deciphers ; for, from that rusty coin 
 or corroded marble it expects nothing but confirmation of 
 its own veracity. In the unlocking of an Egyptian hiero- 
 glyphic, or in the unearthing of some implement, it hails the 
 resurrection of so many witnesses ; and with sparkling ela- 
 tion it follows the botanist as he scales Mt. Lebanon, or the 
 zoologist as he makes acquaintance with the beasts of the 
 Syrian desert, or the traveler as he stumbles on along lost 
 Petra, or Nineveh, or Babylon ; and from the march of time 
 it fears no evil, but calmly abides the fulfillment of those 
 prophecies, and the forthcoming of those events with whose 
 predicted story inspiration has already inscribed in its pages. 
 It is not light, but darkness, the Bible deprecates ; and if 
 men of science were to search the Scriptures, there would be 
 more faith in the earth. — From President Swain^s Lecture 
 {Indiana University) on ^''Science and Religion^ 
 
 SIR WILLIAM HAMILTON, 
 
 Scottish Philosopher and Metaphysician. 
 (1788-1856.) 
 
 EVELATION is a revelation to man, and concern- 
 ing man ; and man is only the object of revelation, 
 inasmuch as he is a moral, a free, a responsible be- 
 ing. The Scriptures are replete with testimonies 
 to our natural liberty. . . . Man was originally created with 
 a will capable of good and evil, though this will, subsequently 
 
2IO A CLOUD OF 'WITNESSES. 
 
 to the fall, has lost much of its primitive liberty. Christian- 
 ity thus, by universal confession, supposes as a condition the 
 moral nature of its objects- Page 30, ''''Lectures on Meta- 
 physics ^^^ by Sir William Hamilton. 
 
 Above all, however, I am confirmed in my belief, by the 
 harmony between this doctrine and the Revealed Truth. 
 Credo equidem nee vana fides. . . . The foundation of our 
 philosophy is humility ; for it is professedly a scientific 
 demonstration of that " wisdom in high matters " which the 
 Apostle prohibits us even to attempt, and it purposes, from 
 the limitations of the human powers, for our impotence to 
 show articulately why "the secret things of God" can not 
 but be to man past finding out. Humility thus becomes the 
 cardinal virtue, not only of Revelation but of Reason. This 
 scheme proves, moreover, that no difficulty emerges in theol- 
 ogy which had not previously emerged in philosophy ; that, 
 in fact, if the divines do not transcend what it has pleased the 
 Deity to reveal, and willfully identify the doctrines *of God's 
 Word with some arrogant extreme of human speculation, 
 philosophy will be found the most useful auxiliary of the- 
 ology. — Pag-e 312, ''''Philosophy of Sir Williain Hamilton^ 
 Professor of Logic and Metaphysics in Edinburgh Univer- 
 sity^'' arranged and edited by O. W, Wright 
 
 SIR WILLIAM ROWAN HAMILTON, 
 
 Irish Astronomer and Geometer. (1805-1865. j 
 
 i=y:X Observatory, April 3, 1863. 
 
 cA ^^^ Dear Aubrey :* ... I have just been reading 
 . ^JL. your Hymn . . . It is a comfort, these Colenso days, 
 Q^^^ to have an opportunity of refreshing, by a perusal 
 of it, a sympathy so sincere in the most vital doc- 
 trines of Christianity, which we both profess to believe : 
 
 ■^The above letter was written by Sir WilHam Rowan Hamilton to 
 Aubrey DeVere, the poet. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 211 
 
 " O Lamb of God! on whom alone 
 Earth's penal weight of .sin was thrown. 
 Have mercy, Saviour, on Thine own ; 
 For Thou art Man. The Virgin gave 
 To Thee her breast, the earth a grave. 
 
 " O Lamb of God! on whom was laid , 
 
 The debt of all worlds never paid. 
 Have mercy. Saviour! hear and aid; 
 For thou art God 
 
 " Thus, Christ, we turn from all to Thee, 
 Miserere Domine'^ 
 
 The " For 'Thou art Man," the '' For Thou art God," and 
 the closing '-^Misemre Domine^^ appear to be the most practical 
 teachings of the Christian religion ; or, let me say with greater 
 reverence, among the most, if it be presumptuous and hazard- 
 ous to distinguish. 
 
 These words may be seen on his monument : 
 
 " Here lie the mortal remains of 
 
 Sir William Rowan Hamilton, LL. D., 
 
 Royal Astronomer of Ireland. 
 
 He was born Aug. 4, 1805. 
 
 He died Sept 2 1865. 
 
 ' In the love of God, looking for 
 
 the mercy of the Lord Jesus Christ 
 
 unto Eternal \M^' —Jude 21.'' 
 
 — ^''Biography of Sir William Rowan Hamilton^'''' by Robert 
 Percival Greves^ Volume III. 
 
 JOHN HAMPDEN, 
 
 English Statesman. (1594-1643 ) 
 
 HOUGH I could not away with the governance of the 
 Church by bishops, I think its doctrines in the 
 greater part primitive and conformable to God's 
 Word, as in Holy Scriptures revealed. 
 Save me, O Lord, if it be Thy good will, from the jaws of 
 
212 
 
 A CLOUJ) OF WITNESSES. 
 
 death. Pardon my manifold trangressions, O Lord! . . . 
 Lord Jesus, receive my soul! O Lord, save my country! 
 O Lord, be merciful to . . . ! — Last words. Page 381, 
 ''''Memorials of John Hampden^ His Party ^ and His Times ^'* 
 by Lord Nugent. 
 
 GEORGE FRIEDRICH HANDEL, 
 
 German Musical Composer. (1685-1759.) 
 
 E once said 
 to a friend, 
 speaking 
 of compos- 
 ing the Hallelujah 
 Chorus in the 
 "Messiah," ''I did 
 think I did see all 
 heaven before me, 
 and the great God 
 Himself." 
 
 An account of 
 his last days, told 
 by an eyewitness, 
 is here given: 
 " He was bright 
 as usual, but when 
 the performance 
 of the ''Messiah" was over he was taken with faintness, which 
 he at once felt was the beginning of the end. He was taken 
 home and put to bed, and never rose again. His medical 
 attendant said that the dying man had a great desire to de- 
 part on Friday, "in hopes," to quote his own words, "of 
 meeting his good God, his sweet (precious) Saviour, on the 
 day of His resurrection." A personal friend and legatee, re- 
 ferring to his closing hours, says: "He died as he lived, a 
 good Christian, with a true sense of his duty to God and 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 213 
 
 man, and in perfect charity with all the world." A descrip- 
 tion of his statue in this connection is in place : In the 
 upper part of the arch there is an angel playing on a harp, 
 and in the background an organ. The composer stands up 
 as if listening, with a pen in hand, and his left resting on a 
 score of the " Messiah," on which the first bars of " I know 
 that my Redeemer liveth," may be traced. — ^''The World^s 
 Workers ^^^ by Eliza Clark. 
 
 JONAS HANWAY, 
 
 English Traveler and Philanthropist. (1712-1786.) 
 
 A '^^TIS religious thoughts are brought out in an inscrip- 
 \ p1 tion which he had cut in a brass plate at the age of 
 °\y^ fifty-one. The following is the text : 
 
 I believe that my Redeemer liveth, 
 
 And that I shall also rise from 
 
 The grave. 
 
 Jonas Han way, 
 
 Who, trusting in that good Providence 
 
 Which so visibly governs the world, 
 
 Passed through a variety of fortunes with 
 
 Patience. 
 
 Living the greater part of his days 
 
 In foreign lands ruled by arbitrary power, 
 
 He received the deeper impression 
 
 Of the happy constitution of his own country ; 
 
 Whilst 
 
 The persuasive laws contained in the 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 And the consciousness of his own depravity. 
 
 Softened his heart to a sense 
 
 Of the various wants of his 
 
 Fellow creatures. 
 
 Reader, 
 
 Inquire no further. 
 
 The Lord have mercy on his soul and thine ! 
 
 ^ — See " Remarkable Occurrences in the Life of Jonas Hanway^ 
 
 1787." 
 
214 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FRIEDRICH VON HARDENBERG, 
 
 German Author and Philosopher. (1772-1801.) 
 
 ^HE history of Christ is as surely poetry as it is his- 
 tory. Sin is indeed the real evil in the world. All 
 calamity proceeds from that. He who understands 
 sin understands virtue, Christianity, himself, and the 
 world. 
 
 The Bible begins gloriously with Paradise, the symbol of 
 youth, and ends with the everlasting kingdom, with the holy 
 city. The history of every man should be a Bible. 
 
 Christianity is opposed to enjoyments in the proper sense. 
 It goes forth from the common man. It inspires the great 
 majority of the limited on the earth. It is the germ of all 
 democracy, the highest fact in the domain of the popular. — 
 Quotations from ''^The Fragments ^ 
 
 WILLIAM HARKNESS, 
 
 Astronomer, and President of the American Association, for the 
 Advancement of Science. 
 
 N reply to your inquiry, ^' What think ye of Christ and 
 the Book? " I am happy to say that I accept the Bible 
 as the Word of God, and the teachings of Jesus Christ 
 and His apostles set forth therein. 
 
 1f ^ i4iw)Coo4^. 
 
 WILLIAM RAINEY HARPER, 
 
 President of the University of Chicago. 
 
 HE books of the Holy Scripture form the record of a 
 
 progressive series of revelations of God to men, made 
 
 partly through events of history of which God was a 
 
 preeminent factor, and partly through men who were 
 
 recipients of Divine communications or otherwise specially 
 
LEADING SCIENTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN. 
 
 SIR ANDREW CLARK, 
 
 Page 8s. 
 
 SIR HUMPHREY DAVY, SIR DAVID BREWSTER, 
 
 Page IIS. Page 46. 
 
 SIR RISDON BENNETT, 
 
 Page JO. 
 
 GEORGE JOHN ROMANES, SIR GEORGE WILSON, 
 
 Page 382. PfJgesoy. 
 
 SIR JAMES YOUNG SIMPSON, 
 
 Page 41J. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITI^ESSES. 
 
 215 
 
 under the influence of the Divine Spirit. The Bible as a 
 whole is a unique Divine revelation, God's message to men 
 respecting His nature and will, and the relations of men to 
 Him. In Jesus Christ God so dwelt that He is a perfect rev- 
 elation of God. Christ is God manifest in human nature, 
 and as such is the rightful Ivord and only Saviour of men. 
 
 MARK WALROD HARRINGTON, 
 
 President of the University of Washington. 
 
 DO not hesitate to express my extreme admiration foi 
 
 the character of Jesus Christ — the most perfect Man 
 
 that ever lived, the only Saviour of humanity — and my 
 
 entire confidence in His teachings, as given in the 
 
 Mew Testament. 
 
 WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON,* 
 
 Ninth President of the United States. (1773-1841.) 
 
 DEEM the present occasion sufficiently important and 
 solemn to justify me in expressing to my fellow citi- 
 zens a profound reverence for the Christian religion, 
 and a thorough conviction that sound morals, religious 
 lioerty, and a just sense of religious responsibility are essen- 
 tially connected with all true and lasting happiness. — See his 
 Inaugural Address of March 4, 1841. 
 
 * In his last, and as now we may almost call it, his dying message, from 
 the station where God had placed him, he earnestly commends Chris- 
 tianity — the religion of the cross — the atoning system of a crucified Re- 
 dfcsmer. — Page 132 of "^ Pulpit and Graved' edited by E.J. Wheeler. 
 
2l6 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 BENJAMIN HARRISON, 
 
 Twenty-third President of the United States. 
 
 ^^*^^^c^ 
 
 N answer to a 
 letter of in- 
 quiry whether 
 he was the au- 
 thor of the following 
 
 sentiment : '' That 
 
 I am a firm believer 
 
 in the religion of 
 
 Jesus Christ and the 
 
 Holy Scriptures as 
 
 the Word of God, is 
 
 not a virtue of mine. 
 
 I imbibed it at my 
 
 mother's breast and 
 
 can no more divest 
 
 myself of it than I 
 
 can of my nature," 
 
 he writes : " The statement which you say you have seen 
 
 credited to me (the above), and which you copy, is not, I 
 
 think, any reproduction of anything I have ever said, and 
 
 yet all that it implies as to religious impressions derived 
 
 from a faithful Christian mother is true." 
 
 ''''i4^H^/^4ti'Prs^( 
 
 DAVID HARTLEY, 
 
 Physician, Philosopher, and Founder of the English Association School 
 of Psychologists. (1705-1757.) 
 
 N like manner, if God has sent His beloved Son, Jesus 
 
 Christ, to be an example to the world, to die for it, 
 
 and to govern it, it can not be an indifferent thing 
 
 whether we attend to its call or no. The neglect of 
 
 revealed religion, especially in persons of authority, is the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 217 
 
 same thing as declaring it false ; for if it be true, the neglect 
 of it is as high treason against the majesty of heaven. He 
 that honors not the Son can not honor the Father, who hath 
 sent Him with sufficient credentials. And, accordingly, if 
 we consider the second Psalm as a prophecy relating to 
 Christ, which it certainly is, those kings and magistrates 
 who rise up against God and His Christ, intending to shake 
 off the restraints of natural and revealed religion, must ex- 
 pect to be broken in pieces like a potter's vessel. — Page 596, 
 ^^Observations of Man; his Frame ^ his Duty^ and his Expecta- 
 tio7is^^'' by David Hartley. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE THE EARL OF 
 HARROWBY, 
 
 English Statesman; Philanthropist, and Late President of the British and 
 Foreign Bible Society. (1831-igoo.) 
 
 AST year there were at the central depot Bibles 
 printed in no less than two hundred and seventy-six 
 
 t^o different languages of the world — one of the most 
 marvelous feats of enterprise and literary power ever 
 seen. — From an address at Hanley^ Staffordshire^ February 
 28, 1889. 
 
 It is just one of those moments in the world's history , 
 when we. must push on and seize the new languages, and 
 enlist them in the service of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus 
 Christ. — Declared at the Annual Meeting of the British and 
 Foreign Bible Society^ May^ 1892. 
 
 I feel as keenly as ever that England's greatness and the 
 magnitude of her empire were owing very largely to devo- 
 tion to that Book which has formed the characteristics of 
 her people, and fitted them to be the pioneers not only of 
 Christianity but of civilization all over the world. — A sentence 
 of an Address before the British and Foreign Bible Society^ 
 May, 1893. 
 
 My faith in the Bible gets stronger and stronger as time 
 goes on. We know what attacks are made on it, but there 
 
2l8 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 is in our minds an answer to those attacks. The evidence 
 which, in middle life, is most touching and convincing is that 
 supplied by the death-beds of beloved relatives and friends ; 
 by the valued head of the family ; by a beloved sister or 
 brother, and others, who have been cheered and enlightened, 
 made triumphant in the prospect of death, by that wonderful 
 Book, the Bible. To me that is sufficient proof of its Divine 
 authority. — From a Speech at the Eighty-second Anniversary 
 of the British and Foreign Bible Society^ May^ 1886. 
 
 HENRY HARTSHORNE, 
 
 Physician and Surgeon. 
 
 AVING nearly finished the proverbial span of man's 
 years, after varied experiences at home, and glimpses 
 of many of the wonders of the world abroad.; having 
 read much in literature, science, and philosophy, in- 
 cluding most of the worst attacks against the Christian re- 
 ligion by its enemies, my judgment is, that the only thing 
 that can make life worth living is the present peace and 
 eternal hope which are in Christ Jesus, whose coming, fore- 
 told in the Old Testament and set forth in the New Testa- 
 ment, brought life and immortality to light in the world. 
 
 THOMAS HASTINGS, 
 
 Musician, and Writer of Hymns. (1784-1872.) 
 
 THE SEPULCHRE ON SABBATH MORNING. 
 
 'OW calm and beautiful the morn 
 That gilds the sacred tomb, 
 Where Christ the crucified was borne, 
 
 And veiled in midnight gloom ! 
 Oh, weep no more the Saviour slain. 
 The Lord is risen. He lives again ! 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 219 
 
 SIR HENRY HAVELOCK, 
 
 British Major-General. (1795-1857.) 
 
 ^HINGS are in 
 a most peril- 
 ous state. If 
 we succeed in 
 restoring anything, it 
 will be God's special 
 mercy. ... I 
 must now write as 
 one whom you may 
 see no more, for the 
 chances of war are 
 heavy at this crisis. 
 Thank God for my 
 hope in the Saviour. 
 We shall meet in 
 heaven. — To his wife^ 
 page 284, ^''Life of 
 General Havelock^'' by J. T. Headley. 
 
 Flee in your troubles to Jesus Christ. The experience of 
 thirty years enables me to say: No man had so kind a 
 Friend as He, or so good a Master. View him not at a dis- 
 tance, but as a prop and a comforter ever at hand, and He 
 will requite your confidence by blessings illimitable. — ^''Life 
 of Sir Henry Havelockf by fames Macaulay^ Volume VI ^ of 
 ''^ Short Biographies for the People.'''' 
 
 *A staflFofl&cer once remarked to Lord Hardinge, after a certain victory, 
 *' tiavelock, my lord, is every inch a soldier." " Every inch a soldier," 
 came the quick response. " Yes, Havelock is every inch a soldier ; but he 
 is more, and he is better : he is every inch a Christian. "^—Pa^^? 437, '''Life 
 and Labor,'^ by Samuel Smiles. 
 
220 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR CHRISTOPHER HATTON, 
 
 Lord High Chancellor of England. (1540-1591.) 
 
 ^T is justly accounted a piece of excellent knowledge to 
 understand the law of the land, and the customs of our 
 country ; but how much more excellent it is to know 
 the statutes of heaven and the laws of eternity; the 
 immutable and perpetual laws of justice and righteousness ; 
 to know the will and pleasure of the great Monarch and 
 universal King of the world! ''I have seen an end of all 
 perfection ; but thy commandments, O God, are exceedingly 
 broad." — Page 103, ''^The Power of Religion^^^ by Lindley 
 Murray. 
 
 FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN, 
 
 German Musical Composer. (1732-1809.) 
 
 E was a cheerful Christian. Wlien an ©Id man, he said 
 with emphasis : " When I think of my God, my heart 
 dances within me for joy, and then my music has to 
 dance, too," 
 
 Emperor Franz once asked him which of his tvvo oratorios 
 he preferred: 
 
 "The Creation'!" 
 
 ''Why?" 
 
 " Because in 'The Creation * angels speak, and their talk is 
 of God." 
 
 In composing, when he felt the ardor of his imagination 
 decline, he rose from his work and resorted to prayer — an 
 expedient which, he was wont to say, never failed to revive 
 him. All his scores were inscribed with the words: "/« 
 nomine Domini^^ or ''^Soli Deo Gloria^'' while at the conclu- 
 sion is written his ^^Laus Deo^''\ but " I was," he declares, 
 " never so pious {fromm) as during the time that I worked 
 on ' The Creation.' Daily I fell on my knees, and begged 
 God to vouchsafe to me strength for the fortunate outcome 
 of the work." 
 
 When the Society of Amateurs, in Vienna, gave ' The Crea- 
 tion," Haydn for the first in some years, and for the last 
 time, appeared in public March 27th, 1808. " Surrounded by 
 
B R A A^ 
 
 or THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 221 
 
 the great and by his friends, by poets and the fair sex, hear- 
 ing the praises of God imagined by himself, and his own 
 praises mingled with those of the Divinity, the good old man 
 must have believed himself in Heaven." Salieri conducted. 
 At the sound of the introduction to the words ''And there 
 was light," the audience burst into loud applause. Haydn 
 pointed up, exclaiming : " It came from above."— ''^ Score 
 of Famous Composers ^^^ by Nathan Haskell Dole, 
 
 NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, 
 
 Author and Poet. (1804-1864.) 
 
 THE STAR OF CAIvVARY. 
 
 ^T is the same infrequent star, 
 The all mysterious light, 
 
 That, like a watcher gazing on 
 The changes of the night, 
 
 Toward the hill of Bethlehem, took 
 Its solitary flight. 
 
 It is the same infrequent star; 
 
 Its sameness startleth me ; 
 Although the disk is red a-blood 
 
 And downward silently 
 It looketh on another hill, 
 
 The hill of Calvary. 
 
2,22, A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Behold, O Israel ! behold ! 
 
 It is no human One 
 That ye have dared to crucify. 
 
 What evil hath he done ? 
 It is your King, O Israel, 
 
 The God-begotten Son ! 
 
 JULIAN HAWTHORNE. 
 
 Author. 
 
 HEN the missionary knelt down and asked God to 
 bless the poor heathen, I silently joined in the 
 prayer . ^ . Visiting India makes one value Chris- 
 tianity . . . Inspire India with a veritable Chris- 
 tian faith, and nine tenths of the present difficulties will 
 spontaneously cease . . . The salvation of India is its Chris- 
 tianization . . . The only thing that will eradicate caste is 
 the acceptance of Jesus Christ. — The CosmopoliUin of Au- 
 gust, September and October^ 1897. 
 
 Between the Bible and any or all literatures no just paral- 
 lel can be drawn. It purports to be the Word of God, and in 
 spite of the "Higher Criticism" and all other criticism it 
 vindicates its claim. Books conceived and written by men 
 are soon fathomed, their end and quality determined; but no 
 one has sounded the depths of the sacred Scriptures. — Volimie 
 /, Page 114, ""The Literature of All Nations,'^ by Julian 
 Hawthorne. 
 
 WILLIAM HAZLITT, 
 
 English Author. (1778-1830.) 
 
 >HE whole life of Christ was imbued, steeped in the 
 one word — charity; but it was the spring, the well- 
 head from which every thought and feeling gushed 
 into act ; this breathed a mild glory from His face in 
 that last agony on the Cross, when this meek Saviour bowed 
 His head and died, praying for His enemies. He was the 
 first and true Teacher of humanity, for He alone conceived 
 the idea of a pure humanity. He redeemed man from the 
 worship of that idol — self — and instructed him by precept 
 and example to love his neighbor as himself. — ''Literature 
 of the Age of Elizabeth.^ ^ 
 
mg 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 223 
 
 RUTHERFORD BIRCHARD HAYES, 
 
 Nineteenth President of the United States ; Major-General in Civil War. 
 
 (1822-1893 ) 
 
 AM a firm believer 
 in the Divine 
 teachings, perfect 
 example, and aton- 
 sacrifice of Jesus 
 Christ. 
 
 I believe also in the 
 Holy Scriptures as the re- 
 vealed Word of God to 
 the world for its enlight- 
 enment and salvation. 
 
 I will make it a point 
 never to do anything in- 
 consistent with the char- 
 acter of a friend and true 
 patriot. To be such a 
 person it will be necessary 
 to act in accordance with 
 the precepts of the Bible, in which I firmly believe. 
 
 cc vs. /^y^ 
 
 *A vow which he made in his youth, and adhered to through his civil 
 and military career. 
 
 ISAAC ISRAEL HAYES, 
 
 Arctic Explorer, Surgeon, and Naturalist. (1832-1881.) 
 
 HEREVER men have sought to plant, among bar- 
 barous peoples, the emblem of the only true reli- 
 gion, there has she gone before — opening the gates 
 and smoothing the pathway. She has lifted the 
 curtain of ignorance from the human mind, and Christianity, 
 following her advancing footsteps, has banished from the 
 West the ancient superstitions, and the dark Pantheism pf 
 the East, and the Fetich worship of the savage tribes are 
 passing away. The light of science and the Gospel of our 
 
224 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Christian faith have moved hand in hand together through 
 the world, and, overriding the barriers of custom, have, with 
 unselfish zeal, steadily unfolded to the human understanding 
 the material interests which concern this life, and to the hu- 
 man soul the sacred truths of Revelation which concerns the 
 life to come. — Last page of'''' The Open Polar Sea; a Narrative 
 of a Voyage of Discovery towards the North Pole^^^ by Isaac 
 Israel Hayes. 
 
 PAUL HAMILTON HAYNE, 
 
 Poet. (1830-1886.) 
 
 A SUNDAY CHRISTMAS. 
 
 YSTBRY of mysteries ! On this holy morn 
 jYl. The Prince of an eternal realm of love, 
 5 <f^ The Godhead veiled in lowliest guise was born, 
 While the far heavenly music pealed above. 
 
 Triumph of triumphs ! this auspicious day 
 The stern earth-agony subdued and fled. 
 
 Behold the dawn of His immortal sway, 
 The glorious resurrection from the dead. 
 
 That birth was marvelous ! but strange and grand, 
 
 More strange and grand, was the Great Conqueror's rise 
 
 From the dim confines of the shadowy land, 
 Whose gloom had palsied faith, and dimmed the skies. 
 
 WILLIAM STEELE HOLMAN, 
 
 Thirty Years in Congress ; "The Great Objector." (1822-1897.) 
 
 AM often overwhelmed with a sense of my shortcom- 
 ings, and no man ever prayed more fervently and ear- 
 nestly for Divine help that I may overcome, and yet 
 at times I go down before the adversary. Certainly I 
 have no claim on the forbearance of the Church ; yet I sin- 
 cerely love my Saviour and my Bible. — In Conversation with 
 E. H. Davis^ Aurora^ Ind. 
 
AMERICAN FAVORITES. 
 
 John Lathrop Motley, William Hickling Prescott, 
 
 Page 330. 
 
 Page ^67. 
 
 Charles Sumner, 
 
 
 Page 436. 
 
 Thomas Bailey Aldrich, 
 
 Lew Wallace, 
 
 Page 480. 
 
 Page 10. 
 
 Jean Louis R. Agassiz, 
 
 Page^. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 225 
 
 H. HEGARD, 
 
 Professor of Philosophy, University of Copenhagen. 
 
 ^N the second edition of his works, recently published, 
 maybe found this Introduction: ''The experience of 
 life, its sufferings and griefs, have shaken my soul, and 
 have broken the foundation upon which I formerly 
 thought I could build. Full of faith in the sufficiency of 
 science, I thought to have found in it a sure refuge from all 
 contingencies of life. The illusion vanished ; when the tem- 
 pest came which plunged me into sorrow, the moorings, the 
 cable of science, broke like a thread. Then I seized upon 
 that Divine help which many before me have laid hold of. I 
 sought and found peace in Christ. Since then I have cer- 
 tainly not abandoned science, but I have assigned to it an- 
 other place in my life." 
 
 HEINRICH HEINE, 
 
 German Poet. (1799-1856.) 
 
 HEN I was a little boy, while I sat on my mother's 
 knee, I believed in God the Father, who rules up 
 there in heaven, good and great, who created this 
 beautiful earth, and the lovely men and women 
 there ; who ordained for sun, moon, and stars their courses. 
 When I got bigger, I comprehended a great deal more than 
 this, and grew intelligent — a believer on the beloved Son, 
 who loved us, and revealed His love to us ; and for His re- 
 ward was crucified by the people. — ^'•Essays and Criticisjn of 
 Heine ^^^ by Matthew Arnold. 
 
 I attributed my illumination entirely and simply to the 
 reading of a Book ; yes, and it is a plain old Book, modest as 
 Nature itself, and also as natural ; a Book of an unassuming 
 work-a-day appearance, like the sun which warms us, like 
 the bread which nourishes us — a Book that looks on us trust- 
 fully and benignantly as an old grandmother who daily reads 
 
226 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 it with her dear, trembling lips, and with her spectacles on 
 her nose ; and this Book is called briefly the Book — the Bible. 
 Justly is it named the Holy Writ. He who has lost his God 
 can find Him again in this Book, and he who has never 
 known Him, is here struck by the breath of the Divine Word. 
 — See Preface to his Work on ^''German Philosophy.'''' 
 
 SIR ARTHUR HELPS, 
 
 English Historian and Essayist. (1817-1875.) 
 
 OMPETITION will not cease to be urgently em- 
 ployed as a motive — indeed as a first motive — until 
 the mass of mankind become real Christians. 
 
 It may seem a somewhat abrupt transition to re- 
 vert to religious considerations, but I can not conclude with- 
 out remarking that competition is not a thing much encour- 
 aged in the Best of Books, and by the Divinest of Teachers. 
 There is a command — the great command — about loving one 
 another. — From his Essay on ^^ Competition.^'' 
 
 JOSEPH HENRY, 
 
 Physicist, and Late Secretary of the Smithsonian Institute. 
 (1797-1878.) 
 
 HAVE not given much attention to the mmutiae of 
 theology ; possibly not as much as I ought ; but as to 
 the Christian scheme in the main outlines — that there 
 is a God, an infinite Spirit; that man is made up of 
 body and soul; that there is an immortal life for man reach- 
 ing beyond the present world ; that the power and love of 
 God are brought into relation with the weakness and sinful- 
 ness of man in the Lord Jesus Christ — of these great truths I 
 have no doubt. I regard the system which teaches them as 
 rational beyond any of the opposing theories which have 
 come under my view. Upon Jesus Christ — the One who 
 affiliates Himself with man— upon Him I rest my faith and 
 hope. — Page 19, ^''Memorial of Joseph Henry.'''' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 227 
 
 PATRICK HENRY, 
 
 Statesman and Orator. ( 1 736-1799. 
 OCTOR, I 
 
 wish you to 
 observe how 
 real and ben- 
 eficial the religion of 
 Christ is to a man 
 about to die. 
 
 This is all the in- 
 heritance I can give 
 to my dear family. 
 The religion of 
 Christ can give them 
 one which can make 
 them rich indeed. 
 
 Here is a Book 
 worth more than all 
 others ever printed; 
 yet it is my misfortune never to have read it with proper 
 attention and feeling till lately. 
 
 I am, however, much consoled by reflecting that the re- 
 ligion of Christ has, from its first appearance in the world, 
 been attacked in vain by all the wits, philosophers, and wise 
 ones, aided by every power of man, and its triumphs have 
 been complete. — From his latest Biographer^ Prof. Tyler. 
 
 SIR JOHN FREDERICK WllLLAM 
 HERSCHEL, 
 
 English Astronomer and Philosopher. (1792-1871.) 
 
 LIv human discoveries seem to be made only for the 
 purpose of confirming more strongly the truths 
 which come from on high, and contained in the 
 sacred Scriptures. — Page 72, ^''Allibone^s Prose Quo- 
 
 tations.^'' 
 
228 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 There can not be two truths in contradiction to one 
 another, and a man must have a mind fitted neither for 
 scientific nor for religious truth whose religion can be dis- 
 turbed by geology, or whose geology can be distorted from 
 the character of an inductive science by a determination to 
 accommodate its results to preconceived interpretations of 
 the -Mosaic cosmogony. — From his ''^Discourse on Natural 
 Philosophy^ 
 
 ABRAM STEVENS HEWITT, 
 
 Statesman, and Ex-Mayor of New York. 
 
 V Christianity is to do its work, and the Word of God 
 its Divine mission, it must be accomplished by inspir- 
 ing each individual with the deep conviction of their 
 truth, and I should have no faith in the religious spirit 
 of any man who adopted the Christian religion and its Book 
 because he found other people doing so. If all professing 
 Christians will lead consistent lives, and walk in the pre- 
 cepts of the Holy Scriptures, and all clergymen will preach 
 the plain Gospel of Christ as it was once delivered to the 
 saints, who can tell the great results, or measure the world- 
 wide influence upon the hearts and lives of the great mass 
 of humanity who are now without hope and without God in 
 
 BENJAMIN HARVEY HILL, 
 
 United States Senator. (1823-1882.) 
 
 NOW give and bequeath to my wife and children that 
 w^hich some of them now possess, and which, I assure 
 them, in full vie'w of death, is far richer than gold, 
 and more to be desired than all human honors. God is 
 a living God, and Christ came into the world to save sinners. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 229 
 
 I beg them to have faith in Jesus, for by this faith alone can 
 they be saved. — Item in his will. From correspondence with 
 Benjamin H. Hill^ Jr.^ of Atlanta^ Georgia. — 6'. A, N. 
 
 DAVID JAYNE HILL, 
 
 Late President of Rochester University. 
 
 O philosophy can be permanently satisfactory to man 
 which does not include among its data his deepest 
 spiritual experience as recorded in the Hebrew and 
 Christian Scriptures, and the realization of his ideals 
 as embodied in the person of Jesus Christ. I bow with rever- 
 ence before the Written and Living Word. 
 
 JOSEPH ROSWELL HAWLEY, 
 
 Q. Federal Major-General ; United States Senator since 1881. 
 
 t ^PESSIMISTIC views very largely prevail in this coun- 
 ^ ' ^ try. It seems to me, however, that no believer in 
 Christianity has a right to be a pessimist. I was not 
 so taught to interpret my Bible. I was taught to 
 believe in the future glory and absolute, final, magnificent 
 triumph of our . institutions. It is a safe prophecy that, ' 
 given a new, unoccupied continent, with a free school, a free 
 press, a free religion, and a free ballot, in the end the truth, 
 justice and wisdom of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ 
 will win the fight. 
 
 (1820-1891.) General Sherman and myself are, by in- 
 heritance, education, and connection. Christian. This has 
 been avowed on all proper occasions by the General. — Page 
 1102^ Vol, 11^^^ John Sherman'' s Recollections of Forty Years 
 in the House. Senate ^ and Cabinet, ' ' 
 
230 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HENRY WASHINGTON HILLARD, 
 
 1 
 
 9 
 
 G^9 Lawyer, Congressman, and Diplomat. 
 
 ^TVv^BOVE all, my prayer is, that as long as our poster- 
 ^^fc)V ity shall continue to inhabit these mountains and 
 plains, and hills and valleys, they may be found 
 living under the sacred institutions of Christianity. 
 . . . Then it will be ours to give the priceless benefits 
 of our free institutions and the pure, healthful light of the 
 Gospel back to the dark family which has so long lost both 
 truth and freedom ; then may Christianity plant herself 
 there, and while with one hand she points out to the Poly- 
 nesian isles, rejoicing in the late recovered treasure of re- 
 vealed truth, with the other present the Bible to the Chi- 
 nese. Let us not, like some of the British missionaries, give 
 them the Bible in one hand and opium with the other, but 
 bless them only with the pure Word of Truth. — From a 
 speech in the Twenty-ninth Congress. See page 61^^ '''' The 
 American Review^'' Volume IV — New Series, 
 
 JAMES HINTON, 
 
 English Aural Surgeon and Author. (1822-1875.) 
 
 FIND the Bible the secret of all truth ; all I truly 
 know I derive from it ; and yet I would say to every 
 man : Do not believe the Bible if you can not see 
 clearly that it is true. Deal freely, boldly by it. Do 
 not be afraid ! It is a friend, not an enemy. If you do not 
 treat it straightforwardly, it can not do its service for you. 
 — From, page 214 of his Life. 
 
 WILLIAM HARVEY, 
 
 British Physician ; discoverer of the Circulation of the Blood. 
 (1578-1657.) 
 
 DO most humbly render my soul to Him that gave it, 
 and to my blessed Lord and Saviour Christ Jesus. — 
 Page 177, " William Harvey ^^^ by D^Arcy Power. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 23 1 
 
 EBENEZER ROCKWOOD HOAR, 
 
 Lawyer and Statesman. 
 
 DO not think anything new can be said in response to 
 your question, "What has Jesus Christ done for hu- 
 manity?" Certainly it can not by me. But, that 
 your courteous note may not be wholly unanswered, I 
 will adopt the language of an early disciple, which I could 
 not undertake to improve, to mention one crowning bless- 
 ing: "For I am persuaded that neither death, nor life, nor 
 angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor 
 things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, 
 shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is 
 in Christ Jesus our Lord." — Christian Register^ Boston^ De- 
 cember 22, 1887. 
 
 m. 
 
 GEORGE FRISBIE HOAR, 
 
 United States Senator. 
 
 ^ S-"^^OU ask me to answer in a few words the one great 
 XA question of all history and of all destiny: What 
 1^ has been the influence upon humanity of a perfect 
 example of duty, love, and love commended to man- 
 kind as such by the Creator of the universe, and of a perfect 
 statement, sufficient for all human occasions, reduced to rule 
 and illustrated by parable within the comprehension of all 
 sane understandings of the moral law and of human duty, 
 accompanied by the promise of immortality in which com- 
 pliance with that law shall bear fruit in the loftiest happiness 
 of which human nature is capable ? This I understand to be 
 the character, teaching, and promise of the Jesus Christ of the 
 four Gospels, as distinguished from Jesus Christ of theology. 
 — Christian Register^ Boston^ December 22, 1887. 
 
 Frederick Chopin, Polish Musician (1810-1849) : I 
 believe, and as my mother taught me, in a crucified 
 Saviour. — Among his dying words. 
 
232 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SAMUEL HOARE, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 O one wlio makes inquiry in India can fail to be sat- 
 isfied that a vast work is going on — yes, a vast work 
 in the progress of Christianity, and a vast work in 
 the unsettlement of the Mohammedans and Hindus. 
 . . . I am sure you will all feel that there is only one 
 religion to put in its place, and that is the religion of Christ. 
 . You hear of the leading Hindus coming to our 
 old, tried missionary there and stating, "Our religion is 
 doomed. Your religion is certain to be victorious." You 
 find the Bible read over in India, not only by Christians but 
 by Hindus. I was told of a clerk asking a missionary for a 
 Bible. The missionary said, ''But you are a Hindu; why 
 do you want a Bible?" "Because," said he, "when I was 
 at the University I was in great distress, so great that I felt 
 as if I could destroy my life. I consulted one of my teachers, 
 who was a Hindu, and he said, ' There is only thing for you 
 to do to set your mind at rest, and that is to secure a Bible and 
 read it.' " This man had, with five others, all Hindus, week 
 after week, carried on a Bible-reading by themselves. . . 
 . The one great lesson I learnt in India respecting the 
 mission work there is this : we must have patience. If you 
 all present have faith in the power of the Gospel, I ask you 
 all to be patient ; and then with the utmost confidence, you 
 may look forward with more blessed results. — Church Mis- 
 sio7tary Intelligencer^ June ^ 1892. 
 
 JOSIAH GILBERT HOLLAND, 
 
 Author and Poet. (1819-1881.) 
 
 ^HE current popular theology can not possibly be 
 saved without saving the current and popular view 
 of the Bible. 
 
 The old-fashioned, highly intellectual and largely 
 theological sermon will go out, and the simple preaching of 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 233 
 
 Jesus Christ, as the Saviour of the worid, and the hortatory 
 appeal, will come in. 
 
 The cure for the moral evils of the world is just as demon- 
 strably in the Christian religion as the elements of vegetable 
 life are in the soil. Penitence, forgiveness, reformation, the 
 substitution of love for selfishness as the governing principle 
 of life, piety towards God, and good-will to men — in short, 
 the adoption of Christ as Saviour, King, exemplar, teacher — 
 this is Christianity — the whole of it. — Extracts from ^^Every- 
 Day Topics ^^ by J, G. Holland. 
 
 The first Book upon which I lay my hand is the Bible. 
 In this Book God condescends to speak to man in words. 
 . . . Out of this exhaustless magazine of all that is Divine in 
 human life do the nations of Christendom draw their food. 
 Forth from this sprang our civilization. Out of this germinal 
 mass has grown all good institutions, and by it is human 
 life to be wholly regenerated. As in nature, so in Revelation, 
 there is no such thing as beauty for beauty's sake ; all beauty 
 is for man's sake. — From chapter on ^'^ Fashion^ Art^ and 
 Life^^ in ^^ Plain Talks ^''^ by J. G. Holland. 
 
 HOLY ALLIANCE. 
 
 ALEXANDER I., EMPEROR OF RUSSIA (1777-1825) ; FRAN- 
 CIS I., EMPEROR OF AUSTRIA (1768-1835) ; AND 
 FREDERICK WILLIAM IIL, KING OF 
 PRUSSIA (1770-1840.) 
 
 .HE following is the text of the Holy Alliance (1815) 
 of Russia, Austria, and Prussia, for the maintenance 
 of peace, and the establishment of the existing dy- 
 nasties : 
 
 In the name of the Most Holy and Indivisible Trinity : 
 
 Their Majesties, the Emperor of Austria, the King of 
 
 Prussia, and the Emperor of Russia, having, in consequence 
 
 of the great events which have marked the course of the 
 
 three last years in Europe, and especially of the blessings 
 
234 A CLOUD OF WITNESSKS. 
 
 which it has pleased Divine Providence to shower down upon 
 these States which place their confidence and hope upon the 
 sublime truths which the Holy Religion of our Saviour 
 teaches . . . ; thus confessing that the Christian world 
 has, in reality, no other Sovereign than Him to whom alone 
 power really belongs, because in Him alone are found all the 
 treasures of love, science and infinite wisdom, that is to say, 
 God, our Divine Saviour, the Word of Life. . . 
 
 Done in triplicate, and signed at Paris, the year of grace, 
 1815, 26th September. 
 
 (L. S.) Francis, 
 (L. S. ) Frederick William, 
 (L. S.) Alexander. 
 — From the Annual Register^ Volume ^?>^ {London^ 1816). 
 
 RICHARD HOLT HUTTON, 
 
 Journalist; \9itt "Editor oi The Spectator ; Critic. (1C27-1897.) 
 
 BELIEVE in the divinity of Christ and the inspi- 
 ration of the Scriptures. Belief in the divinity of 
 our Saviour is absolutely inconceivable without belief 
 in Revelation. No purely human mind could have 
 delivered the Sermon on the Mount. Christ revealed God 
 and was personally the Divine Son of God. The doctrine of 
 the Incarnation is to me the real Word of God. 
 
 HENRY HOME, 
 
 (LORD KAMES.) 
 
 Scottish Philosopher and Jurist. (1696-1782.) 
 
 lUT why worship the Cross, which is supposed to be 
 that upon which our Saviour suffered? That cross 
 ought to be an object of hatred, not of veneration. 
 If it be urged that as an instrument of Christ's 
 sufferings it was salutary to mankind, I answer, why was not 
 aho Pontius Pilate reverenced, Caiphas, the high priest, and 
 Judas Iscariot? — Footnote^ page 42, ^^ Elements of Criticism^'''' 
 by Henry Home {Lord Kames). 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES 235 
 
 JOHN MARSHALL HARLAN. 
 
 /;^/p Associate Justice, United States Supreme Court, since 1877. 
 
 OD is not willing that any man should perish, nor is 
 
 it His decree, but the wickedness of their own hearts, 
 
 ^=^ which shuts some men out from the salvation freely 
 
 and lovingly offered in Jesus Christ to all sinners. — 
 
 From ''The Revised Creed ^'^ of the Presbyterian Assembly^ 
 
 1 90 1, Justice Harlan^ a member of that Committee. 
 
 JAMES HARLAN, 
 
 United States Senator, 1855-1865 ; resigned to become Secretary of State 
 
 under President Lincoln; United States Senator, 1866-1873. 
 
 (1820-1899.) 
 
 HILE listening to a sermon on the fullness of the 
 
 ransom offered for sinners in the Person of Jesus 
 
 of Nazareth, I found *'the pearl of great price,'' 
 
 not to be compared with earthly jewels.— Z^^^'^^' 
 
 Repository^ i860. 
 
 HENRY RIDER HAGGARD, 
 
 British Novelist. 
 
 S a lad perhaps our Saviour herded sheep and goats 
 foY; among the starling rocks. As a man He may have 
 ^ (v 'wo^^^^ those ancient ploughshares. In short, within 
 this circle that the sight commands for thirty years 
 or more the Almighty dwelt on earth, acquiring in a humble 
 incarnation one side of that wisdom which has changed the 
 world. — Page 208, ^^A Winter'' s Pilgrimage in Palestine^ 
 Italy and Cyprus^ " by H, Rider Haggard. 
 
 ARTHUR TWINING HADLEY, 
 
 President of Yale College. 
 
 AiTV^NYTHING I might affirm of my belief in the divin- 
 ^Ji^^ ity of the Holy Scriptures and of Jesus Christ seems 
 *^ fc)^ unworthy of the subject. The fruits of their teach- 
 ings confirm it. I know the Bible well, and make 
 a great use of it in my daily and professional life. 
 
 ^J^HyiLxy^^ y, A^htOc^^Ly- 
 
236 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THOMAS HOOD, 
 
 English Poet, Wit, and Miscellaneous Writer. (1798-1845.) 
 
 'F further evidence is necessary to refute some unrea- 
 sonable and groundless doubts that have rested on his 
 memory, I would add one more proof: As a little 
 child, my first prayer was learnt from my father's lips ; 
 my first introduction , to the Bible, which he honored too 
 much to make a task-book, was from spelling out the words 
 of the first chapter of the Sermon on the Mount as it lay on 
 his study table ; and my deepest and holiest teachings, too 
 sacred for more than a mere illusion, were given often in the 
 dead of night, when I was sitting up, sometimes, alone, by 
 my father's dying bed. These are strong words and facts; 
 but they are called forth, not unnecessarily, by the impres- 
 sion that exists, not in one instance, but in twenty, as to my 
 father's disbelief and scepticism, a doubt that will now surely 
 be set to rest forever by the simple and unvarnished truth 
 of those who knew him longest and best. He lay for some 
 time calmly, but breathing slowly and with difficulty. My 
 mother, bending over him, heard him say faintly : "O Lord, 
 say: 'Arise, take up thy cross, and follow me!'" — Pages 457, 
 460, Volume X^ " The Works of Tho^nas Hood^ with Memorials 
 Prefixed^ and Edited with Notes ^ by his Son and Daughter.^'' 
 
 JOSEPH COERTEN HORNBLOWER, 
 
 Jurist, and Professor at L'aw at Princeton College. 
 
 cy^ (1777-1864.) 
 
 lET this precious Volume have its proper influence on 
 the hearts of men, and our liberties are safe, our 
 '^ country blessed, and the world happy. There is not 
 a tie that unites us to our families, not a virtue that 
 endears us to our country, nor a hope that thrills ycur bos- 
 oms in the prospect of future happiness that has not its 
 foundation in this sacred Book. It is the charter of charters 
 
KING EDWARD VII., 
 
 King of Great Britain and Ireland, and Emperor of India. 
 
 Y grandfather, the Duke of Kent, warmly advocated the claims of the Bible, 
 ^▼J. ^^^ i^ is gratifying for me to reflect that the two modern versions of the 
 C>y^ Divine Scriptures most widely circulated were both, in their origin, con- 
 nected with my family. The translation bv Martin Luther was executed 
 under the protection of the Elector of Saxony, the collateral ancestor of my lamented 
 father; whilst that of William Tyndale (the foundation of the present authorized 
 English version) was introduced with the sanction of the royal predecessor of my 
 mother, who first desired that the Word of God should have free course throughout 
 the world, and especially in his own realm. — Extract from Address on Laying the 
 Corner-SloTie of the new Bible House, Queen Victoria Street. 
 
MEN WHOM BRITONS DELIGHT TO HONOR. 
 
 Lord Roberts, 
 
 Page }79. 
 
 Sir Evelyn Wood, 
 
 Page 480. 
 
 Lord Salisbury, 
 
 Page ^94. 
 
 Marquis of Lansdowne, 
 
 Page 298. 
 
 Lord Alverstone, 
 
 Page 16. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 237 
 
 — the palladium of liberty — the standard of righteousness. 
 Its Divine influence can soften the heart of the tyrant, can 
 break the rod of the oppressor, and exalt the humblest peas- 
 ant to the dignified rank of an immortal being — an heir of 
 eternal glory. Fellow citizens, friends of liberty ! will you 
 not rejoice, then, with me, in the triumphs of the Bible, and 
 bless the day that gave to our country a society whose be- 
 nevolent object is to extend the influence of the Scriptures 
 throughout the world ! — From ^''Testimony to the Value of the 
 Sacred Scriptures ^^ published by the American Bible Society, 
 
 HENRY IV, 
 
 First French King of the House of Bourbon. (1553-1610.) 
 
 HOPE to be made partaker of the merits of our Sav- 
 iour Christ ^s passion, most humbly beseeching Him 
 that Pe might give me grace to continue associated 
 with all those treasures of His apostles. — Page 340, 
 Volume IV^ ' ' Memories of the Duke of Sully. ' ' 
 
 SAMUEL HOUSTON, 
 
 Oc-.n Major-General and United States Senator. (1793-1863.) 
 
 JX years after his marriage General Houston repre- 
 sented Texas in the United States Senate. The Sun- 
 day after his arrival in Washington he attended relig- 
 ious service. . . . Approaching the pastor after serv- 
 ice, he said that respect for his wife, one of the best Christians 
 on earth, had brought him there. The pastor expressed the 
 hope that deeper feelings than those which bound him to his 
 wife might soon bind him to the house of God. Houston an- 
 swered with a warm pressure of the hand. For eight years he 
 was found every Sunday morning while in Washington seated 
 in his pew near the pulpit. One Sunday a sermon from 
 
238 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 the text : " Better is he that ruleth his spirit than he that tak- 
 eth a city," aroused him to decide it was his duty to make a 
 public profession of his faith in Jesus Christ as the Saviour 
 of men, sent by God to teach the way of life. He accepted 
 Him heartily as his Lord and Saviour, declaring that for the 
 future His teachings and example should dominate his life. 
 ^^ Youths'' Companion^'' January 14, 1892. 
 
 JOHN HOWARD, 
 
 English Philanthropist. (1726-1790.) 
 
 ERE, on this sacred day, I once more, in the dust, 
 before the Eternal God, acknowledge my sins hein- 
 ous in His sight. I would have the deepest sorrow 
 and contrition of heart, and cast my guilty and 
 polluted soul on Thy sovereign mercy in the Redeemer. 
 Oh, compassionate and Divine Redeemer, save me from this 
 dreadful guilt and power of sin, and accept my solemn, free, 
 and, I trust, unreserved, full surrender of my soul, my spirit, 
 my dear child, and all I am and have, into Thy hands. — " The 
 Christian Life^ Social and Individual^^^ by Peter Bayne. 
 
 WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS, 
 
 Novelist. 
 
 HE Bible itself was not much known to me at an age 
 most children were taught to read it several times 
 over; the Gospels were indeed familiar, and they 
 have always been to me the supreme human story; 
 but the rest of the New Testament I had not read when a 
 man grown, and only passages of the Old Testament, like 
 the story of the Creation, the story of Joseph, and the poems 
 of Job and Ecclesiastes, with the Psalms. I therefore came 
 to the Holy Scriptures with a sense at once fresh, and I can 
 never be too glad that I learned to see them under the vaster 
 horizon and in the truer perspective of experience. — ^^My 
 Literary Passions^'' in The Ladies'' Home Journal^ February^ 
 1895. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 239 
 
 OLIVER OTIS HOWARD, 
 
 Major-General of the United States Army. 
 
 GO to the Scriptures daily for spiritual food, and have 
 done so for thirty-five years. God (as revealed to me 
 in the crucified, the risen, and the ascended Christ) 
 meets all my personal wants — I mean those that per- 
 tain to my soul. These wants thus met are but a drop in an 
 ocean compared with the unstinted blessings which I observe 
 are granted to other souls through the sufl&ciency of Jesus 
 
 C^r c^r^ir-**^^-^^ 
 
 WILLIAM HOWITT, 
 
 English Author and Poet. (1795-1879.) 
 
 ^HRIST appeared — the career of Paganism was checked 
 ' C^ — the fate of Judaism was sealed. A character and a 
 ^yi-Q^ religion was placed before the eye of men, hitherto in- 
 conceivable in the beauty and philanthropy of their 
 nature. Unlike all other founders of a religious faith, Christ 
 had no selfishness, no desire of dominance. — ^''History of 
 Priestcraft^^^ by William Howitt. 
 
 It matters not whether it be in the Church or State — the 
 Bible is the great reformer. You may mow down whole 
 crops of reformers as you would grass, but if you leave the 
 root of all reform, the Bible, in the earth, it will raise up ten 
 times more. Make what laws and destroy what liberties you 
 will, if you leave the Bible free it will again leaven the whole 
 lump of society, and your labor is in vain. It is abroad ; it 
 is in every man's house, on every man's table ; and its still 
 small voice is perpetually whispering, '' Woe to all tyrants, 
 and oppressors of God's children!" It is the voice of God, 
 and the power of God ; and against it what voice or what 
 wisdom can prevail ? From the Bible breathes on every 
 
240 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 soul near it the eternal sentiments of liberty, independence, 
 and contempt of death. While the Bible is free, man is free ! 
 — ^^ English Literature of the Nineteenth Century ^''^ by Charles 
 D, Cleveland. 
 
 SAMUEL HUBBARD, 
 
 Lawyer. (1785-1847.) 
 
 ^N the fear of my God and Saviour I undertake the 
 duties of this office (Associate Justice of the Massa- 
 chusetts Supreme Court). I cast myself on Him, and 
 look to Him for wisdom and strength. I pray Him to 
 give me skill to discern, and integrity to judge right. 
 
 I am told that we have five minutes to spare. Much 
 may be done in five minutes. In five minutes Judas be- 
 trayed his Master, and went to his own place. In five min- 
 utes the thief on the cross repented, and went with his 
 Saviour to Paradise. No doubt many of those before me 
 did that act in five minutes which brought them to this 
 place. In five minutes you may repent and go to Paradise, 
 or will you imitate Judas, and go to the place where he is? 
 My five minutes have expired.* — Pages 279 and 2So_ of 
 ^^ American Christian Rulers ^^ by Edward J. Giddings. 
 
 THOMAS HUGHES, 
 
 Author of " Tom Brown's School Days," " Tom Brown 
 at Oxford," etc. (1823-1896.) 
 
 ^HIS Bible, this Book of the chosen people, taken as a 
 whole, is, in short, the written revelation of God. 
 This being so, there can be no other inspired book 
 in the same sense in which the Bible is inspired, un- 
 less we, or some other world, are not redeemed, require an- 
 other redemption and another Christ. But as we, and all 
 worlds, are redeemed, and Christ is come, and God has re- 
 vealed His name and His character in Christ so that we 
 *A talk to the prisoners of the state penitentiary. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 241 
 
 know Him, the Bible is and must remain the inspired Book 
 for all time. . . . There may be another Homer, Plato, 
 Shakespeare ; there can be no other Bible. 
 
 I was bred as a child to look upon Christ as the true and 
 rightful King and Head of our race, the Son of God, and 
 the Son of Man. When I came to think for myself I found 
 the want, the longing for a perfect righteous king and head, 
 the deepest of which I was conscious — for a being in whom I 
 could rest, who was in perfect sympathy with me and all men. 
 . . . Then the teaching which has sunk into me uncon- 
 sciously rose up and seemed to meet this longing. If that 
 teaching were true, here was He for whom I was in search. 
 I turned to the records of His life and death. I read and 
 considered, as well as I could, the character of Christ, what 
 He said of Himself and His work; His teachings, His acts. 
 His sufferings. Then I found that this was indeed He. 
 Here was the Head, the King, for whom I longed. The 
 more I read and thought, the more absolutely sure I became 
 of it. This was He. I wanted no other then. I have 
 never wanted another since Him. — Pages 230 and 224 of 
 ''''True Manliness ^^^ from the writmgs of Thomas Hughes. 
 Selected by E. E. Brown. 
 
 FREDERICK HEINRICH ALEXANDER 
 HUMBOLDT,* 
 
 German Naturalist. ( 1769-1859.) 
 
 HRISTIANITY has materially contributed to call 
 
 S^ forth this idea of the unity of the human race, and 
 
 has tended to exercise a favorable influence on the 
 
 hmnanization of nations in their morals, manners, and 
 
 *His brother, Kari, Wii^helm Humboi^dt, German Statesman and 
 Philologist (i 767-1835), once said: "Religion is implanted in the very 
 nature of man. The religion of Christ has come down from above by the 
 special will of God. It has, however, not deprived man of freedom on 
 this point, but rather has conferred it upon him in a still higher degree." 
 — Page 219, ''Familiar Quotations from German and Spanish Authgrs,'' 
 by Chauford Tait Ramage. 
 
242 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 institutions. ... In delineating the great epoch of the 
 history of the universe . . . together with the begin- 
 nings of Christianity, it would be impossible not to direct 
 special attention to the manner in which the religion of 
 Christ enlarged the views of mankind, and to the mild and 
 long-enduring influence which it exercised on general, intel- 
 lectual, moral, and social development. 
 
 This sentiment is nobly and vividly manifested in all the 
 splendor of lyric poetry in the Psalms of David, and in the 
 schools of the seers and prophets, whose exalted inspiration, 
 almost wholly removed from the past, turns its prophetic 
 aspirations to the future. ... The lyrical poetry of the 
 Hebrews, from the very nature of the subject, is grand and 
 solemn. ... As descriptions of nature, the writings of 
 the Old Testament are a faithful reflection of the character 
 of the country in which they are composed, of the alternations 
 of barrenness and fruitfulness, and of the alpine forests by 
 which the land of Palestine was characterized. ... It 
 might be said that one single Psalm (the 104th) represents 
 the image of the whole Cosmos. . . . Similar views of 
 the Cosmos occur repeatedly in the Psalms (Psalms Ixv, 
 7-14, and Ixxiv, 15-17), and more fully perhaps in the 37th 
 chapter of the ancient, if not the antemosaic, book of Job. 
 — Pages 567, 568, 411, 415, Volume II^''' Cosmos^^^ by Alexan- 
 der Von Humboldt; translated from the German by E, C. Otte, 
 
 LORD FARRAR HERSCHELL. 
 
 Twice Lord Chancellor of England. (1836-1899.) 
 
 E gather here as zealous and earnest men of differ- 
 ent religious bodies, not to spread the views of 
 any particular section, but to spread Bible Chris- 
 tianity itself. I believe the future century has in 
 store a success much greater than the marvels of the past in 
 a world-wide extension of the Gospel. Now or never we 
 must implant in the hearts of millions a love for Jesus Christ ; 
 they must be so effectually taught in the Christian faith that 
 they would be willing to die for it. — Extract from his 
 Speech as Chairman of the London Missionary Society^ Ju7ie^ 
 
 1895. 
 
A CLOUD OF WlTNKvSSKS. 
 
 243 
 
 VICTOR MARIE HUGO, 
 
 French Poet and Romance Writer. (1802-1885.) 
 
 THE BOY KING'S PRAYER. 
 
 O dear Jesus ! thus 
 Bowed at the Cross where Thou didst bleed for us. 
 I swear to hold the truth that now I learn, 
 Leal to the loyal, to the traitors stern. 
 And ever just and nobly mild to be, 
 Meek scholar of that prince of Chivalry; 
 And here thy shrine bear witness, Lord, for me. 
 
 *HE poet ought to 
 have but one model, 
 Nature; only one 
 guide, Truth. O f 
 all books which circulate 
 among men, only two ought 
 to be studied by him — 
 Homer and the Bible. In 
 them we find the whole 
 creation considered under a 
 twofold aspect. In Homer, 
 by the genius of man ; in 
 the Bible, by the Spirit of 
 God. 
 As for the law of blood for blood, gentlemen of the jury, 
 I have fought it all my life. All my life — and so long as 
 there remains a particle of blood in my body — I will fight 
 against it with all my power as a writer, with all my deeds and 
 votes as a legislator. I declare it (pointing to Christ on the 
 crucifix above the judge's bench), I declare it before that Vic- 
 tim of the punishment of death who is there, who sees us, 
 and who hears us! I swear it before the gibbet, to which, 
 nearly two thousand years ago, for an eternal lesson to the 
 
 Note — The first tree of Liberty was planted eig^hteen hundred years ago by God 
 Himself on Golgotha. The first tree of Liberty was that Cross on which Jesus Christ 
 was ofTered a sacrifice for the salvation, equality and fraternity of the human r&CQ.—See 
 I'ictor I In jo's Adiress, "The Planting 0/ the Liberty Tree.'' 
 
244 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 generations, human law nailed Divine law. — From a speech 
 in the Constituent Assembly against capital punishment^ voting 
 for its abolition^ in ''^ Brief Biographies of French Political 
 Leaders!'^ 
 
 SIR WILLIAM HUNTER, 
 
 English Statesman. 
 
 .HE great object of this Conference is to stimulate and 
 encourage all evangelistic agencies in pressing for- 
 ward in obedience to the last command of our risen 
 Saviour, "Go ye therefore, and make disciples of all 
 nations," especially in those vast regions of the heathen 
 world in which the people are still " sitting in darkness and 
 in the shadow of death," without a preached Gospel, or the 
 written Word of God. — Introduction to Volume /, ^''Report of 
 the Missionary Conference ^^^ London^ 1888. 
 
 SIR JOHN C. DALRYMPLE HAY, 
 
 British Admiral ; late Lord of the Admiralty. 
 
 HAVE tried through life to recognize that God sees 
 me ; that Christ is my Saviour ; that in the storm He 
 could still the tempest, and in the day of battle He 
 could cover my head and make every bullet have its 
 billet. I trust His arms will encircle me as I pass through 
 the river. All these blessings I find in His Holy Word, 
 
 EDWARD HYDE, 
 
 First Earl of Clarendon. (1608-1674.) 
 
 IVE peaceably with all men, was one of the primitive 
 injunctions of Christianity. The pleasure that God 
 ^ Himself takes in that temper needs no other manifes- 
 tation than the promise our Saviour makes to those 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES 
 
 245 
 
 who contribute towards it in His Sermon on the Mount: 
 Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called the 
 children of God. — Page 62, Volume III, '' Half- Hours with 
 the Best Authors^ ' ' by Charles Knight, 
 
 JOHN HAY, 
 
 Ambassador to Great Britain under President McKinley; Poet. 
 
 SINAI AND CAIvVARY. 
 
 UT Calvary stands to ransom 
 
 The earth from utter loss ; 
 In shade than light more glorious 
 
 The shadow of the Cross. 
 To heal a sick world's trouble, 
 
 To soothe its woe and pain, 
 On Calvary's sacred summit 
 
 The Pascal lyamb was slain. 
 
 Almighty God ! direct us 
 To keep Thy perfect Law ! 
 
 O blessed Saviour, help us 
 Nearer to Thee to draw ! 
 
 L<et Sinai's thunder aid us 
 . To guard our feet from sin, 
 
 And Calvary's light inspire us 
 The love of God to win. 
 
 GEORGE HUTCHISON, 
 
 British Major-General. 
 
 |0 you know the urgent needs of the Gospel light in 
 all Roman countries? How the people receive and 
 handle with delight, and hear with astonishment this, 
 to them, absolutely new Book, the Gospel of Christ. 
 We must place before them an open Bible, and thus bend the 
 will of this imperial race to Christ. — Declared at the British 
 and Foreign Bible Society, Ja^iuary, 1897. 
 
246 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 friend 
 
 WASHINGTON IRVING, 
 
 Author. (1783-1859.) 
 
 ASHINGTON 
 IRVING, . . 
 
 . the kind neigh- 
 bor, the faithful 
 and what is better 
 than all, the sincere disciple 
 of the Lord Jesus Christ. . 
 . . On more than one oc- 
 casion, when questions of 
 ecclesiastical order or sub- 
 jects of a kindred nature 
 were debated, he has inter- 
 posed, saying, " Let us live 
 in love. We are all striving 
 for the same object, and going to the same place of rest, and 
 why should there be contentions by the way ? " He had a 
 broad and catholic spirit, which he manifested not only in 
 words but in deeds. In quiet simplicity, with a heart over- 
 flowing with kindness toward all men, and filled with humil- 
 ity before God, with a mild and amiable nature rendered 
 more lovely by the religion of Jesus Christ, which he firmly 
 believed and consistently professed, he passed his days 
 among us till they closed with the closing year. It is most 
 delightful to think that the patriarch's work was done, and 
 he was waiting for the call of the blessed Master. — Eulogy at 
 his Funeral Service^ from ^^ Grave and Pulpit. ^"^ 
 
 Major-Generai. von Trumpiter (Russian Soldier) 
 wrote the British and Foreign Bible Society, September 16, 
 1894, from Warsaw Ujazdpwa Military Hospital: ''The gift 
 of the Holy Scriptures to patients whose diseases are often 
 incurable generally exercises a most beneficial effect on the 
 same. The reading of the Word of God fortifies the mind, 
 raises the moral power of the patient, and at the same time 
 mitigates the suffering caused by painfuj illness." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 247 
 
 ANDREW JACKSON, 
 
 Seventh President of the United States. (1767-1845. 
 
 .HE Bible is true. 
 
 Upon that sacred 
 
 Volume I rest my 
 
 hope of eternal sal- 
 vation through the merits of 
 our blessed Lord and Sa- 
 viour Jesus Christ. 
 
 First, I bequeath my body 
 to the dust whence it comes, 
 and my soul to God who 
 gave it, hoping for a happy 
 immortality through the 
 atoning merits of our Lord 
 Jesus Christ, the Saviour of 
 the world. — First clause of 
 his will. See ^''Compilation 
 of Speeches in Memory of 
 General Jacks on ^^ by B. M. Dusenberry. 
 
 My dear children, do not grieve for me ; it is true, I am 
 going to leave you; I am well aware of my situation. I have 
 suffered much bodily pain, but my sufferings are but as 
 nothing compared with that which our blessed Redeemer 
 endured upon the accursed Cross, that all might be saved 
 who put their trust in Him. ... I hope and trust to meet 
 you all in Heaven, both white and black — ^both white and 
 black. — Death-bed Testimony. See Page 174 of ''''Famous 
 American Statesmen^^ by Sarah K. Bolton. 
 
 Edwin Booth, Tragedian (1833-1893): Believe in one 
 truth — God is ! And as surely as you and I are flesh and 
 blood, so are we also spirits eternal. I believe it beyond a 
 doubt. ... I tell you it is not well to forget God in our pros- 
 perity; we do not when we are sinking; infidels, heathens, 
 blasphemers, all think of Him then. . . . May Christ be 
 before thee, behind thee, and around thee! — ''^ Edwin Booth; 
 Recollections by his daughter^ Edzvina Booth Grosman. 
 
248 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THOMAS JONATHAN JACKSON, 
 
 (''STONEWALL") 
 
 Confederate Major-General. (1824-1863.) 
 
 >HE subject of becom- 
 ing a herald of the 
 Cross has often seri- 
 ously engaged my at- 
 tcntion, and I regard it as 
 the most noble of all profes- 
 si 3ns. It was the profession 
 1 the Divine Redeemer, and 
 I should not be surprised 
 \\ sre I to die upon a foreign 
 field, clad in ministerial ar- 
 mor, fighting under the ban- 
 ner of Jesus. What could be 
 more glorious ! But my con- 
 viction is that I am doing good here, and that for the present 
 I am where God would have me be. Within the last few 
 days I have felt an unusual religious joy. I do rejoice to 
 walk in the love of God. My heavenly Father condescended 
 to use me as an instrument in getting up a large Sabbath 
 school for the negroes here. He has greatly blessed it, and, 
 I trust, all who are connected with it. — ^^Life and Letters by 
 his Wife^^^ Mary Ann Jackson. 
 
 FRIEDERICH HEINRICH JACOBl, 
 
 German Philosopher; President of the Academy of Science, 
 Munich, 1804. (1743-1819.) 
 
 KNOW nothing sublimer and profounder than the 
 saying of the New Testament, "Our life is hid with 
 Christ (the God-man) in God." 
 I do believe on account of miracles; namely, on ac- 
 count of the miracles of liberty, which is a continuous mir- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 249 
 
 acle on which Christianity is founded — the reception of the 
 Holy Spirit at Pentecost. 
 
 I know no deeper philosophy than that of Paul in the 
 seventh chapter of Romans. In the merely natural man 
 dwells sin. Regeneration is the basis of Christianity. He 
 who abolishes the doctrine of grace from the Bible abolishes 
 the Bible. 
 
 Unquestionably, our life, if there is any true life in us, is 
 hidden deep within us. Nevertheless, it commands abso- 
 lutely its own preservation ; it commands that we bring it 
 forth to the light. — Selections fro77i the ''''Flying Leaves.'*'' 
 
 ^ 
 
 JOHN JAY,* 
 
 Diplomat. (1817-1894) 
 
 .MONG the last letters written by the late John Jay 
 ^r^ was one in 1826 to the corporation of the City of 
 ^q)o New York, asking him to unite with them in the 
 ^ celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of American 
 Independence. Jay, in his reply, expressed his '^ earnest hope 
 that the peace, happiness, and prosperity enjoyed by our 
 beloved country may induce those who direct her national 
 counsels to recommend a general and public return of praise 
 to Him from whose goodness these blessings descend." His 
 son. Judge William Jay, records in the life of his father that, 
 at a time when his recovery seemed hopeless, he was urged 
 by one of the family to tell his children on what foundation 
 he rested his hopes, and from what source he drew his con- 
 solation. He replied simply : '' They have the BOOK." 
 
 Jay was the second President of the American Bible Soci- 
 ety, the Hon. Elias Boudinot, President of the Continental 
 Congress, having been the first. Boudinot and Jay were 
 both of Huguenot descent, and exhibited the devotion of 
 their ancestors for the Bible. Jay was the President, also, of 
 the Westchester County Bible Society, an association ante- 
 
 (*) Grandson of the First Chief-Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court. 
 
250 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 rior in date to the National association, and in that office he 
 was succeeded for many years first by one of his sons, and 
 then by one of his grandsons. 
 
 y^^'^i^^t ^ 
 
 "It is high time to wake out of sleep !" This gathering 
 of citizens from distant parts, representing the millions who 
 hold to the Bible, and cherish the institutions founded upon 
 its inspired truths, shows that the nation is awakening to the 
 perils, foreign and domestic, which threatens the purity of its 
 Christian civilization. 
 
 Its intellectual and moral strength in our Revolutionary 
 struggle were recognized by the world, and Burke rightly 
 attributed that strength to the character of the emigrants 
 from various lands exhibiting "the dissidence of dissent and 
 the Protestantism of the Protestant religion." They brought 
 with them the best and most heroic blood of the peoples of 
 Europe-^— of the Hollanders, the Waloons of Flanders, the 
 Huguenots of France, the English, Welsh, Scotch, and Irish, 
 of the Norwegians and Swedes, the Germans and the Swiss, 
 of the Bohemian followers of John Huss, of the Albigenses 
 and Waldenses of the Italian Alps, of the Salzbury exiles, the 
 Moravian brothers, with refugees from the Pallatinate, Alsace 
 and southern Germany. They all brought the Bible, for 
 which they and their ancestors had been ready to suffer and 
 to die ; and their devotion to that Book descended to the Con- 
 tinental Congress, which, a week before it was driven from 
 Philadelphia, ordered an importation of twenty thousand 
 Bibles. At the Centennial celebration, at Philadelphia, of 
 the Declaration of Independence, the Acting Vice-President, 
 Ferry, said that the American statesmen who had to choose 
 between the royal authority or popular sovereignty had 
 been inspired by the truth uttered on Mars Hill, and repeated 
 in the opening prayer of the morning, that " God hath made 
 of one blood all nations of men." — Pages 8 and c^^ ''''National 
 Perils and Opportunities ^^^ 1887. 
 

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A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 25I 
 
 JOHN JAY, 
 
 First Chief-Justice of the United States Supreme Court. 
 (1745-1829 ) 
 
 N forming and settling my belief relative to the doc- 
 trines of Christianity, I adopted no articles from creeds 
 K^. but such only as, on careful examination, I found to be 
 confirmed by the Bible. ... At a party in Paris, once, 
 the question fell on religious matters. In the course of it, 
 one of them asked me if I believed in Christ ? I answered that 
 I did, and that I thanked God that I did. — Page 360, ''''John 
 Jay^ " " American Statesman Series^ ' ' by George Pellew. 
 
 By conveying the Bible to people thus circumstanced we 
 certainly do them a most interesting kindness. We thereby 
 enable them to learn that man was originally created and 
 placed in a state of happiness, but, becoming disobedient, was 
 subjected to the degradation and evils which he and his 
 posterity have since experienced. The Bible will also inform 
 them that our gracious Creator has provided for us a Re- 
 deemer, in whom all the nations of the earth shall be blessed ; 
 that this Redeemer has made atonement *'for the sins of the 
 whole world, " and thereby reconciling the Divine justice with 
 the Divine mercy has opened a way for our redemption and 
 salvation ; and that these inestimable benefits are of the free 
 gift and grace of God, not of our deserving, nor in our power 
 to deserve. — From an Address while President of the American 
 Bible Society^ 1834, the last office he ever filled. 
 
 JOSEPH JEFFERSON, 
 
 Actor. 
 
 N invisible organ began a solemn dirge, and as the 
 curtain rose, before me was Mount Calvary, with a 
 complete tableau of the crucifixion, the whole scene 
 represented by living figures — Christ upon the cross, 
 and the two thieves. I saw at once by the reverence of the 
 audience that no sacrilege was intended. I was transfixed 
 
252 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 with wonder. In the distance there were dark clouds streaked 
 at the horizon line with blood-red color. The walls of the 
 distant city were dimly visible. The patient anguish of our 
 Saviour was wonderfully delineated in the upturned face. 
 The curtain slowly fell as the organ pealed out a solemn 
 hymn, and the audience rose and left with a quiet, noiseless 
 step, as if they were going from church. — A Religious Tab- 
 leau at Callio^ pages 289, 290 of " The Autobiography^^'' by 
 Joseph Jefferson. 
 
 THOMAS JEFFERSON, 
 
 Third President of the United States. ( 1743-1826.) 
 
 MORE beautiful or 
 precious morsel of 
 ethics* I have 
 never seen ; it is a 
 document in proof that / am 
 a real Christian ; that is to 
 say, a disciple of the doc- 
 trines of Jesus. — Page 142, 
 ''''Lives of the Presidents of 
 the United States^'' by John 
 S. C. Abbott and Russell H. 
 Conwell. 
 
 They are the result of a 
 life of inquiry and reflection, and very different from that 
 antichristian system imputed to me by those who know 
 nothing of my opinions. To the corruptions of Christianity 
 I am indeed opposed, but not to the genuine precepts of 
 Jesus Himself. ** — Page 277, Volume I 11^ ^''Library of Amer- 
 ican Literature!''' 
 
 1. The doctrines of Jesus are simple and tend to the 
 happiness of man. 
 
 2. There is only one God, and He is all perfect. 
 
 * Collected by himself from the sayings of Jesus, and arranged in a 
 blank book. 
 
 ** To Benjamin Rush, on the Christian Religion. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 253 
 
 3. There is a future state of rewards and punishment. 
 
 4. To love God with all the heart and thy neighbor as 
 thyself is the sum of all. These are the great points on 
 which to reform the religion of the Jews. — ''''Life of Jeffer- 
 son^^'' by Shmuchcr. 
 
 No one sees with greater pleasure than myself the progress 
 of reason in its advance toward rational Christianity, and my 
 opinion is that if nothing had ever been added to what 
 flowed from His lips, the whole world would at this day 
 been Christian. . . . Had there never been a commen- 
 tator there never would have been an infidel. I have little 
 doubt that the whole country will soon be rallied to the unity 
 of our Creator, and, I hope, to the pure doctrines of Jesus 
 also. — Pages 283 and 284, Volume II J ^^ Library of American 
 Literature.''^ 
 
 SOAME JENYNS, 
 
 English Author, and Member of Parliament, 1741-1780. 
 (1704-1787.) 
 
 ^HE Scriptures are the history of a revelation from 
 God ; the revelation itself is derived from God ; the 
 history of it is the production of men, and therefore 
 the truth of it is not the least affected by their falli- 
 bility, but depends on the internal evidence of its own super- 
 natural excellence. 
 
 That Christ suffered and died as an atonement for the sins 
 of mankind is a doctrine so constantly and so strongly en- 
 lorced through every part of the New Testament that who- 
 ever will seriously peruse those writings and deny that it is 
 there, may, with as much reason and truth, after reading the 
 works of Thucydides and Livy, assert that in them no mention 
 is made of any facts relative to the histories of Greece and 
 Rome. — Froin his essay^ ^^A View of the hiternal Evidence 
 of the Christian Religion^'' Volume XI V^ '"''The Evangelical 
 Family Library.^'' 
 
254 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 RICHARD HENRY JESSE, 
 
 President of the University of Missouri. 
 
 AM asked what I think of Christ and the Bible. The 
 question pierces to my inner personal belief. 
 
 This conviction abides with me constantly and 
 firmly : that of myself I am a sinner utterly undone, 
 but that through the infinite mercy of God, as declared by 
 Jesus Christ, I may attain to higher life here and hereafter ; 
 and likewise this belief: that the Holy Scriptures are the 
 authoritative revelation of God. 
 
 A. J. MOUNTENEY JEPHSON, 
 
 African Explorer with Stanley. 
 
 E had been toiling through a long march and were 
 parched and dried up when, in the distance, we 
 saw a huge pile of rock, rising like an island from 
 the plain, in the shadow of which we camped. 
 Never did I so well understand what is said in Isaiah — "The 
 shadow of a great rock in a weary land " — as an ideal of rest 
 and relief. The words came into my mind directly I 
 sighted it, and I felt pleasure in repeating them as I actually 
 sat in the shadow of the great rock with the burning "weary 
 land " around. These sayings and similes in the Bible are so 
 much more vividly understood when a person has been in 
 these countries. I remember once, when I had nothing to 
 read, Stanley lent me his Bible, and after having been in the 
 country on the plain about Kavallis with people who lived 
 amongst their flocks and herds, I could exactly see the lives 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 255 
 
 of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as described in the Bible; 
 scenes I had remembered on these mountain plains rose be- 
 fore me on reading Genesis. These seemed to have fresh 
 beauty in descriptions which before I had passed without 
 notice. — Pages 386 and 387, ''''Emin Pasha and the Rebellion 
 at the Equator^'' by A. J. Mounteney Jephson, 
 
 ANDREW JOHNSON, 
 
 Seventeenth President of the United States. (1808-1875.) 
 
 DO believe in ALMIGHTY GOD ! And I believe also 
 
 in the BIBLE. 
 
 Let us look forward to the time when we can take 
 
 the flag of our country and nail it below the Cross, 
 and there let it wave as it waved in the olden times, and let 
 us gather around it and inscribe for our motto: " Liberty and 
 Union, one and inseparable, now and forever," and exclaim, 
 Christ first, our country next! 
 
 Is there a crusade to be commenced against the Church to 
 satiate disappointed party vengeance? Are the persecutions 
 of olden times to be revived? Are the ten thousand temples 
 that have been erected, based upon the sufierings and atone- 
 ment of our crucified Saviour, with their glittering spires 
 wasting themselves in the very heavens, all to topple and to 
 fall, crushed and buried beneath the ravings of party excite- 
 ment? Is man to be set upon man, and in the name of God 
 lift his hand against the throat of his fellow? . . . Are 
 the fires of heaven that have been lighted up by the CrosG, 
 and now burning upon so many altars consecrated to the 
 true and living God, to be quenched in the blood of their 
 innocent and defenseless worshipers, and the gutters of our 
 streets made to flow with human gore? This is but a faint 
 reality of what is shadowed forth in the gentleman's speech. 
 — Pages 274, 247, and 34, ^^The Life and Public Services of 
 Andrew fohnson^^'' by fohn Savage. 
 
256 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SAMUEL JOHNSON, 
 
 English Lexicographer and "Writer. (1709-1784.) 
 
 T appears evident that 
 the writers of the Old 
 Testament were the 
 original and best writ- 
 ters, and that from them are 
 borrowed numerous ideas at- 
 tributed to the poets them- 
 selves. — See Dr. Johnson on 
 the ^^Orie7ital Eloquence of 
 Collins.^'' 
 
 Almighty God, the Giver 
 of all good things, without 
 whose help all labor is in- 
 effectual, and without whose 
 grace all wisdom is folly, grant, I beseech Thee^ that in this 
 undertaking Thy Holy Spirit may not be withheld from me, 
 but that I may promote Thy glory and the salvation of my- 
 self and others ; grant this, O Lord, for the sake of Thy Son, 
 Jesus Christ. Amen. — A prayer before.e7ttering 07i the work 
 of " The Rambler r 
 
 I bless Thee for creation, preservation, and redemption; 
 for the knowledge of Thy Son, Jesus Christ. . . . Create 
 in me a contrite heart that I may worthily lament my sins 
 and acknowledge my wickedness, and obtain remission and 
 forgiveness through the satisfaction of Jesus Christ. . . . 
 Grant this. Almighty God, for the merits and through the 
 mediation of our most holy and blessed Saviour, Jesus 
 Christ; to whom, with Thee and the Holy Spirit, three 
 Persons in one God, be all honor and glory, world without 
 end. Amen. — Extracts from birthday prayer^ transcribed 
 June 26, 1768. See ^''Prayers and Meditations ^^'^ Vol, I J of 
 the ivorks of Samuel Johnson^ with an Essay on his Life and 
 Genius^ by Arthur Murphy. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 257 
 
 WILLIAM PRESTON JOHNSTON, 
 
 President Tulane University of Louisiana. 
 
 REGARD the Scripture as a revelation by God for the 
 illumination of the human soul, and as a chart for the 
 practical conduct of man, to be found by each individ- 
 ual searching for it. 
 My opinion of Jesus Christ is a deep-seated belief, and is 
 contained in the Apostolic creed. I accept His divinity and 
 and trust His Saviourship to the very end. He is to me 
 '' the Way, the Truth, and the Life." 
 
 RICHARD C. JONES, 
 
 President of the University of Alabama. 
 
 BELIEVE Jesus Christ to be the only begotten Son 
 of God ; that he descended from heaven, and took 
 upon Himself the form of man, and died that fallen 
 man might be saved ; that He sits now on the right 
 hand of God interceding for us, and that it is only through 
 His merits and faith in Him crucified and risen from the 
 dead that we can have a reasonable hope of salvation. 
 
 I believe the Holy Bible to be the inspired Word of God, 
 and that while parts of it can not be understood by finite man, 
 that if we follow its teachings as we understand them and 
 are faithful unto the end we shall be saved, and then that we 
 will no longer " see through a glass darkly," but that all 
 things shall be revealed unto us. I believe '' the Bible is the 
 only chart by which to navigate the sea of Life and reach the 
 coast of Bliss securely," ^ /> 
 
2=^8 
 
 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 BEN JONSON, 
 
 English Dramatist and Poet- Laureate. (1574-1637.) 
 
 TO THE HOLY TRINITY. 
 
 <TERNAL Father, God, who didst create 
 This all of nothing, gav'st it form and fate, 
 'Q^ And breath'st into it life and light, with state 
 To worship Thee ! 
 Eternal God the Son, who not deniedst 
 To take our nature, becam'st man, and diest, 
 To pay our debts, upon the cross, and cried'st 
 All's done in Me ! 
 
 Eternal Spirit, God, from both proceeding. 
 
 Father and Son ; the Comforter, inbreeding 
 
 Pure thoughts in man, with fiery zeal them feeding 
 
 For acts of grace ! 
 Increase those acts, O glorious Trinity 
 Of persons, still one God in Unity, 
 Till I attain the longed-for mystery 
 
 Of seeing your face. 
 
A C]^OUD OF WITNESSES. 259 
 
 Beholding one in three, and three in one, 
 
 A Trinity, to shine in Unity : 
 
 The gladdest light dark man can think upon — 
 
 Oh, grant it me ! 
 Father and Son and Holy Ghost, you three, 
 All coeternal in your majesty, 
 Distinct in persons, yet in unity 
 
 One God, to see. 
 
 My Maker, Saviour, and my Sanctifier, 
 To hear, to meditate, sweeten my desire. 
 With grace, with love, with cherishing entire ! 
 
 Oh, then, how blest 
 Among Thy saints elected to abide. 
 And with Th}^ angels, placed side by side ! 
 But in Thy presence, truly glorified. 
 
 Shall I there rest. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM JONES, 
 
 English Orientalist and Linguist. ( 1746-1794.) 
 
 CAN NOT help believing the divinity of the Messiah 
 from the indisputable antiquity and manifest comple- 
 tion of many prophecies (especially those of Isaiah) 
 as the only Person recorded in history to whom they 
 are applicable. — Page 408, Volume VI^ '-''British Plutarch^ 
 
 I have carefully and regularly perused the Holy Scrip- 
 tures, and am of the opinion that that Volume, independently 
 of its Divine origin, contains more sublimity, pure morality, 
 more important history, both of poetry and eloquence, than 
 could be collected within the same compass from ail other 
 books that were ever composed in any age or in any idiom. 
 The two parts of which the Scriptures consist are con- 
 nected by a chain of composition which bear no resem- 
 blance in form or style to any that can be produced from 
 the stores of Grecian, Indian, Persian, or even Arabian learn- 
 ing.* The antiquity of these compositions no man doubts ; 
 
 * Sir William Jones was the master of thirteen languages, and was fa- 
 miliar with twenty-eight others. 
 
26o A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 and the unrestrained application of them to events long sub- 
 sequent to their publication is a solid ground of belief that 
 they were genuine compositions, and consequently inspired. 
 Lord TeignmoMth' s Life of Sir William Jones. 
 
 STEPHEN A. JONES, 
 
 President of Nevada State University. 
 
 AM a firm believer in the divinity of Christianity's 
 Christ, and in the inspiration of Christianity's Bible. 
 I believe that scarcely any one can read the Book 
 without being benefited thereby. A student of five 
 languages, and fairly conversant with their literatures, I 
 know of nothing that equals certain chapters in lofty senti- 
 ment, high ideals, beautiful imagery, and word-painting. I 
 have derived the greatest pleasure and profit from Isaiah 
 XXXV.; Habakkuk iii.; Psalms i., viii., xii., xix., xxiii., xlvii., 
 and ciii.; Christ's Sermon on the Mount ; John xvii.; James 
 iii., and Revelation xxi and xxii. 
 
 DAVID STARR JORDAN, 
 
 President of The Leland Stanford, Jr., University. 
 
 ^HE Bible was written by outdoor men ; if we would 
 understand it, we must read it out of doors." They 
 were shepherds and fishermen who wrote the Bible, 
 men who night after night had been under the stars, 
 and to whom the grass of the Judean hills had made the most 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. • 261 
 
 comfortable of pillows. Even kings and prophets were out- 
 door men in the days of Samuel and David. Outdoor men 
 speak of out-of-door things, and each man who speaks with 
 authority must speak of things which he knows. 
 
 Have we not, in fact, in the character of Christ a culmina- 
 tion of the potentialities of humanity ? May we not find in 
 Him who said, in the presence of His tormentors, '' Father 
 forgive them for they know not what they do," at least one 
 extreme of the series by which man had risen above the 
 brute ? If Christ be the perfect man, He is perfect in this, 
 that the potentialities of the race find its fulfillment in Him. 
 Who was so wise, so loving, so self-devoted as He ? Toward 
 such a height we must be rising, else our development is but 
 partial, degenerate, awry. Seen in contact with the perfect 
 humanity, all else we know is but infantile. Our growth is 
 finished, decay and death overtake us long before we begin 
 to realize any appreciable nearness to the sublime ideal of 
 the Christian faith. This fact we must recognize, whatever 
 our creed or philosophy, that all progress toward the ideal 
 manhood is in the direction of the Christly living. The law of 
 progress, the law of growth : does not this law gain in force 
 and impressiveness to us as we recognize it as the same law 
 which works through all life ? It has worked in the lowest 
 forms which have held the human potentiality, and through 
 the slowly diverging series up to man, who has in him the 
 germ of the Christ, the Son of the living God. 
 
 (^^._.o^^c,^ ^ • A 
 
 WILLIAM JOHNSTON, 
 
 Member of Parliament since 1885 ; Orange Leader. 
 
 lESIDE me lies a Bible, given me on my thirteenth 
 birthday, by a loving mother. It was my "Boy's 
 Own Book," and the Holy Spirit made its message 
 of life plain to me and guided me into truth, accord- 
 ing to Christ's precious promise. His blood cleansed me 
 from all sin, and His robe of righteousness has covered me. 
 
 ^•^7;/^^^' 
 
262 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THEODORE SIMON JOUFFROY, 
 
 (^ ^^ French Philosopher. (1796-1842.) 
 
 OW this superiority of power is a new circumstance, 
 which appears to give Christianity brighter and 
 brighter promise of the conquest of the world. 
 The Christian system is making progress, and 
 rapid progress, while others are decaying ; the nations which 
 compose it are every day becoming more united, and grow- 
 ing into a powerful aggregate, which nothing on earth is 
 able to resist. It is impossible for the religion of Christ to 
 be absorbed in either of the others; on the contrary, it is 
 beginning to absorb them both, or, at least, to reduce the 
 territory which they occupy; and there is every reason to 
 believe that these conquests will soon go on with increasing 
 rapidity. — See his Essay on ''^ The Present State of Humanity y 
 
 FRANCISCUS JUNIUS, 
 
 English Philologist. (1589-1677.) 
 
 riMTY father, who was frequently reading the New Testa- 
 - ^1- ineiit, and had long observed with grief the progress 
 C>x^ I made in infidelity, had put that Book in my way 
 in his library with a view to attract my attention, if 
 it might please God to bless his design, though without giv- 
 ing me the least intimation of it. Here, therefore, I unwit- 
 tingly opened the New Testament thus providentially laid 
 before me. At the very first view, as I was deeply engaged 
 in other thoughts, that grand chapter of the Evangelist and 
 Apostle presented itself to me, "In the beginning was the 
 Word." I read a part of the chapter, and was so affected 
 that I instantly became struck with the divinity of the argu- 
 ment, and the majesty and authority of the composition, as 
 infinitely surpassing the highest flights of human eloquence. 
 My body shuddered ; my mind was in all amazement ; and I 
 was so agitated the whole day that I scarcely knew who I 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 263 
 
 was. " Thou didst remember me, O Lord my God, accord- 
 ing to Thy boundless mercy, and didst bring back the lost 
 sheep of Thy flock." From that day God wrought so 
 mightily in me by the power of the Holy Spirit, that I be- 
 gan to have relish for all other studies and pursuits, and 
 bent myself with greater ardor and attention to everything 
 which had a relation to God. — Page 224, ^''The Biblical Mu- 
 seuni^^ on the Gospel of John. 
 
 IMMANUEL KANT, 
 
 German Metaphysician. (1724-1804.) 
 
 ;N the life and the Divine doctrine of Christ which are 
 recorded in the Gospel, example and precept conspire 
 to call men to the regular discharge of every moral 
 duty for its ow^n sake, and to the universal practice of 
 pure virtue. '^ He can't be wrong whose life is in the right." 
 The Sermon on the Mount, in particular, comprises so pure 
 a doctrine of religion, which Jesus obviously had the in- 
 tention of introducing among the Jews, that we can not 
 avoid considering it the Word of God. Beyond doubt, 
 Christ is the Founder of the first true Church ; that is, that 
 Church which, purified from the folly of superstition and 
 the meanness of fanaticism, exhibits the moral kingdom of 
 God upon the earth as far as can be done for man. — ^^An 
 Inquiry into the Existence of God^'''' by ImmanMel Kant. 
 
 Alfred E. Fletcher, editor of The Daily Chronicle, 
 London : Christ has not failed, and our religion is not played 
 out if it is based on the New Testament. . . Not only was 
 Olympus emptied of its gods at the birth of our Redeemer, 
 but the old-world despotisms, based, as they were, on individ- 
 ualism, capitalism, and greed, had their powers shaken to 
 their foundations. — Review of Reviews, October, 1894. 
 
264 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 LESLIE E. KEELEY, 
 
 Reformer ; Physician ; Discoverer of " Gold Cure " for 
 Inebriety. 
 
 HE following texts from the Book of books express 
 my belief better than I can in words of my own : 
 
 '' All Scripture is given by inspiration." " Believe 
 on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved." 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE SIR JOHN 
 HENRY KENNAWAY, 
 
 President of the Church Missionary Society; Member of 
 the British Parliament. 
 
 EARNESTLY pray that the final result will be the 
 winning of the world to Christ. . . . It is laid 
 upon us to witness for the Divine Master, and to pub- 
 lish His Gospel everywhere. . . . The standard 
 of the Cross must float over the dominions of the Queen ; aye, 
 and beyond it to the uttermost parts of the earth. — See Ad- 
 dresses when President of the Church Missionary Society, 
 
 WILLIAM DARRAH KELLEY, 
 
 Congressman (1860-1890) — " Father of the House." 
 
 <>. . (1814-1890). 
 
 IMTY long-time friend, I want to tell you that I am a 
 - ^\. d^^id man ; yes, to tell you, but please do not repeat 
 C>x^ it to others. Oh, if my life can only be spared to 
 the holidays, how thankful to my God will I be. I 
 so much desire that the shadow of death may not be upon 
 the households of my dear children and grandchildren to 
 mar their Christmas festivities and to darken in my family 
 the brightness of that festive time." He knew that the end 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 265 
 
 was coming, but he realized that there was One to whom he 
 could look for ease and comfort in the passing hours of his 
 trials on earth, and calling, time and again, upon the Lord 
 Jesus Christ, his Divine Lord and Saviour, and repeating 
 over and over again, by night and by day, the Lord's prayer, 
 taught him by his Christian mother. — In Memorial Address 
 of Congressman O^Neill^ published by the United States Con- 
 gress^ 1890. 
 
 JAMES KENT, 
 
 Lawyer; Author of " Commentaries." (1763-1847.) 
 
 HRISTIANITY in its enlarged sense, as a reHgion 
 y^ revealed and taught in the Bible, is part and parcel 
 of the law of the land. . . . Nor are we bound 
 by any expression of the Constitution, as some have 
 strangely supposed, either not to punish at all, or to punish 
 indiscriminately like attacks upon the religion of Mahomet 
 and the Grand Lama ; and for this plain reason, that we are 
 a Christian people^ and the morality of the country is deeply 
 engrafted upon Christianity^ and not upon the doctrines or 
 worship of these impostors. — Page 290, ^^Johnsoit's Reports^^ 
 in case of People vs. Ruggles. 
 
 LORD KENYON, 
 
 c\ Chief Justice of England. (1732-1802.) 
 
 Christianity from its earliest institution met with 
 ^j opposers. Its professors were called upon to publish 
 ^-^ their "apologies." How well they did that, and 
 whether they had the advantage of their adversaries^ 
 mankind for 2,000 years has had an opportunity to judge. 
 We have learned to day that the light of nature and the works 
 of creation are sufficient, without any other revelation of the 
 Divine will, yet Socrates, Tully, Plato, each of them in their 
 turn, wanted other lights, and confessing that God was good, 
 
266 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 they took it for granted the time would come when He would 
 impart another revelation to mankind. . . . Christianity 
 is a part of our law; to insult its Divine Author is a misde- 
 meanor which is punishable. — Volume IV, ''The Lives of 
 the Chief Justices of England,''^ by Lord Campbell. 
 
 JOHANN KEPLER, 
 
 German Astronomer. (1571-1630.) 
 
 THANK Thee, my Creator and Lord, that Thou hast. 
 given me this joy in Thy creation, this delight in the 
 works of Thy hands ; I have shown the excellency of 
 Thy works unto man, so far as my finite mind was 
 able to comprehend Thine infinity ; if I have said aught of 
 Thy glory, graciously forgive it. — Conclusion of his Treatise^ 
 ^''Harmony of Worlds!'^ 
 
 O, Almighty God, I am thinking Thy thoughts after Thee! 
 Nothing holds me ! I will indulge in my sacred fury, I will 
 triumph over mankind by the proud confession that I have 
 stolen the golden vases to build up a tabernacle for my God, 
 far away from the confines of Egypt. If you forgive me, I 
 rejoice ; if you be angry, I can bear it. The die is cast ; the 
 book is written, to be read either now or by posterity, I care 
 not which. It may be well to wait a century for a reader, as 
 God has waited six thousand years for an observer. — Biog- 
 raphy 'by Sir David Brewster. 
 
 We astronomers say, with the common people, the planets 
 stand still or go down ; the sun rises or sets. How much 
 less should we require than the Scriptures of Divine inspira- 
 tion, setting aside the common mode of speech, should shape 
 their words according to the model of the natural scientistj 
 and, by employing "a dark and inappropriate phraseology 
 about things which surpass the comprehension of those whom 
 it designs to instruct, perplex the people of God, and thus 
 obstruct its own way towards the attainment of the far more 
 exalted object at which it aims. — Page 84, ^''Homage to the 
 
 Book:' 
 
CAPTAIN PHI UP GIVES THANKS ON BOARD THi: " TEXAS " AFTER CERVERA'S DEFEAT, 
 
 JOHN W. PHILIP, 
 
 Rear-Admiral. 
 
 DO believe in God, and in His Son, our Lord and Sav- 
 iour Jesus Christ; I do believe that all Scripture is given 
 by Divine inspiration. 
 
 *' Put an 3' burden upon me, only sustain nie. 
 
 Send me anywhere, only go with me. 
 
 Sever an^^ tie but this tie which binds me 
 
 To Thy service and Thj^ heart." 
 
 //r'jA 
 
Lieutenant Pascoe discovered the Admiral on his knees before the naval 
 battle of Trafalgar. This prayer, written in Lord Nelson's own hand, was found in 
 his journal after the engagement: "May the great God whom I worship, grant to 
 my country, and for the benefit of Europe in general, a glorious victor5^ and may no 
 misconduct in any one tarnish it; and may humanity after victory be the predomi- 
 nant spirit of the British fleet ! For myself individually, I commit my life to Him 
 who died for me, and may His blessings light upon my endeavors for serving my 
 country faithfully. To Him I resign myself, and the just cause which is entrusted 
 me to defend. Amen ! Amen ! Amen ! " 
 
 Note. -This prayer, offered by Sir Jacob Astley before the battle of Edgrehill in 1642. is a model 
 for brevity : " Thou knowest, O I,ord, that I shall be very busy this day, and if I forget Thee, forget 
 not Thou me ! " 
 
 See prayer of Lord Roberts Field Marshal of Great Britain, page 379 ; concerning Washington 
 at Valley Forge, page 487; Lincoln before the battle of Gettysburg, page 390; and Chief-Justice 
 Taney before entering the Supreme Court, page 445. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNEvSSEvS. 267 
 
 THOMAS KELLY, 
 
 Publisher; Lord Mayor of London at the Accession of Queen Victoria. 
 
 (1772-1855.) 
 
 HAVE now quite done with the world, and with 
 everything it. contains. I enjoy the companionship 
 of the Holy Spirit, and my Redeemer is ever present 
 with me. Sanctification and Redemption — what 
 more can I desire? — Page 16 of his Life^ by James Macaulay^ 
 in VolMtne /F", ''''Short Biographies for the People,'*'' 
 
 LOUIS KOSSUTH, 
 
 Hungarian Patriot. (1802-1894.) 
 
 CONSIDER the Christian faith the true source of the 
 liberty of mankind. The great principle which our 
 Saviour taught was that of equality before God. He 
 said His kingdom was not of this world ; that it was 
 not only a kingdom of salvation but of freedom. I am fully 
 convinced of the truth that the first duty of our species is to 
 bring about new reforms in Christianity, not in respect to its 
 Divine Doctrines, but in respect to its great principle — to 
 love our neighbor as ourselves. — Page 270, ^''Life of Kos- 
 suth,'' by P, C. Headley, 
 
 FRANCIS SCOTT KEY, 
 
 Lawyer; Poet; Author of "Star-Spangled Banner." (1780-1843.) 
 
 PRAISE FOR PARDONING GRACE. 
 
 )ORD, with glowing heart I'd praise Thee 
 For the bliss Thy love bestows ; 
 ^y^ For the pardoning grace that saves me, 
 And the peace that from it flows. 
 Help, O God, my weak endeavor, 
 This dull soul to rapture raise ; 
 Thou must ligbt the flame, or never 
 Can my love be warmed to praise. 
 
268 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN KIDD, 
 
 English Chemist, Educator, and Writer. (1775-1851.) 
 
 ITH respect to the truth of RevelatioH, the au- 
 thor would still wish to consider himself as ad- 
 dressing those only, who, with himself, believe 
 that the objects which surround us in our pres- 
 ent state of existence, and which are obviously intended to 
 advance the powers and faculties of man, without advancing 
 the powers and faculties of any other animal, are purposely 
 destined to produce an ulterior and higher effect; the na- 
 ture of which is to be learned from the doctrines of Reve- 
 lation alone. He has thought it right to say thus much 
 on the subject of religion, not merely for the purpose of 
 recording his own sentiments, but that in addressing those 
 only who believe in a revealed, as well as a natural, reli- 
 gion, if anywhere he should assume the truth of Reve- 
 lation he may not with justice be accused of taking for 
 granted of which the reader doubts. — Preface to the Bridge- 
 water Treatise. 
 
 HERMAN H. KOHLSAAT, 
 
 Journalist ; Publisher of the Chicago Times-Herald. 
 
 Y faith in Christ and the Bible, which I imbibed 
 
 .^yj. from my mother, whose whole life was an illus- 
 
 ^^^ tration of its power, has been strengthened and 
 
 confirmed by a wide experience and observation 
 
 of its benign influence upon the world. Christianity and 
 
 its Book are the greatest of all factors for good. No other 
 
 religion can show a record of benefaction to mankind at 
 
 large, and none offers such solace in this life and promise 
 
 for the next to every individual of the human race. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 269 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD 
 KINNAIRD, 
 
 Scottish Financier and Philanthropist 
 
 AS not God given us a Book ; has He not deigned to 
 put into writing His thoughts ? . . . I think the pub- 
 lic will read anything which is well got up, intelli 
 gently put together, and, above all, which contains the 
 Gospel of Jesus Christ. You will find in every book that it 
 (the Tract Society) publishes, the simple Gospel, clearly and 
 evangelically put, and in a way which can not but impress 
 everyone with the feeling that he is being spoken to by one 
 who knows what he is writing about ; one who has been 
 saved by the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Let 
 us seek, therefore, by means of the printing press, to bring 
 men and women to the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour 
 Jesus Christ. 
 
 DANIEL KIRKWOOD, 
 
 Professor of Astronomy in Indiana University. 
 
 ACCEPT Christ as my Saviour and place all my sal- 
 vation in Him. I accept the Scriptures as a revelation 
 of what man is to believe concerning God, and what 
 duty God requires of man. 
 
 ELISHA KENT KANE, 
 
 Arctic Explorer. (1820-1857.) 
 
 GO forth governed by sound and thorough moral 
 principle, and sanctified by the influences of the Bible, 
 which reveals and offers to us Jesus, the Christ of God, 
 as in all things a Saviour. — Page 231, ^'-Turning Points 
 in Successful Careers. ' ' 
 
270 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FRIEDRICH GOTTLIEB KLOPSTOCK, 
 
 German Poet. (1724-1803.) 
 
 Then will my guide be to the holiest land 
 My Mediator's hand. 
 On high then living, 
 I'll praise Him with thanksgiving. 
 Hallelujah ! 
 
 o^ 
 
 COULSON KERNAHAN, 
 
 British Author and Novelist. 
 
 
 
 UTSIDB Christianity I see no answer to the riddle of 
 life. Take that away, and confront me with the 
 question, Why did a loving Father permit sin and 
 suffering? and I am stricken dumb. But, looking to 
 the Cross, I am confident and strong. For is not God Him- 
 self a suffering God, who sends us no sorrows Himself hath 
 not undergone? And who that witnessed the sufferings of 
 His Son — and were ever sufferings like His — could have fore- 
 seen that the cruel Cross should hereafter be the Finger-post 
 to point the way to heaven. yf ^ 
 
 CHARLES KNIGHT, 
 
 English Editor, Publisher, and Author. (1791-1873.) 
 
 UT a vast European confederation, for obtaining the 
 freedom of Christian worship in the land which our 
 Redeemer and His Apostles had trodden, was an idea 
 that seized upon the minds of men in all countries 
 and of all classes with a force which those can not com- 
 prehend who measure the character of a past age by the 
 principles and feelings of their own age. 
 
 He (Wickliffe) had accomplished a work which no ecclesi- 
 astical censure could set aside. He had translated the 
 Scriptures into the English language. Whenever he and 
 his disciples were assailed by the higher ecclesiastics, he had 
 appealed to the Bible. His translation of the Bible was now 
 multiplied by the incessant labor of transcribers. The texts 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 27 1 
 
 of the Bible were in every mouth as they were re-echoed in 
 the sermons of preachers in churches and in open places. 
 The poor treasured up the words of comfort for all earthly 
 afflictions. The rich and the great meditated upon the in- 
 spired sentences which so clearly pointed out a more certain 
 road to salvation than could be found through indulgences 
 and pilgrimages. — -Pages 62 and 131, ^''Pictures from English 
 History by the great Historical Artists y^ selected and edited by 
 Coleman E, Bishop. 
 
 PAUL LACROIX, 
 
 French Writer. (1806-1884.) 
 
 HE religion of our Saviour was alone capable of re- 
 sisting this barbarian invasion, and science and litera- 
 ture, together with the arts, disappeared from the 
 face of the earth, taking refuge in the churches. It 
 was thence they emerged when Christianity renovated pagan 
 society.^ ' ''Science and Literature in the Middle Ages, ' ' 
 
 WILLIAM WILLIAMS KEEN, 
 
 Physician and Surgeon ; President, American Medical Association. 
 
 KNOW of no one who needs Divine help more in his 
 everyday practice than the Physician. To ask for that 
 guidance is a daily comfort, and to receive it a daily 
 blessing. Without it the responsibility of life and 
 death would be overwhelming. The inspired Book and the 
 Divine Christ are our best reliance in life, and our only sup- 
 port in death. h^M..^ H^'Cu^ 
 
 CHARLES LAMB, 
 
 English Essayist and Poet, (1775-1834.) 
 FROM "A VISION OF REPENTANCE." 
 
 EVERE and saintly righteousness 
 Composed the clear white bridal dress ; 
 JESUS, the Son of Heaven's high King, 
 Bought with His blood the marriage-ring. 
 
272 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THE EARL OF LATHOM. 
 
 HE Bible for the whole world 1 The words of our 
 Master have been fulfilled. The number of languages 
 r^"^^ unto which the Word, and portions of the Holy Scrip- 
 tures have been translated, is about 370. What a 
 magnificent work for the glory of God! Let us square onr 
 faith and life with the truth, as it is in Jesus Christ. — On 
 Taking the Chair ^ Annual Meeting of the Ormskirk Bible 
 Society^ November 25, 1902. 
 
 RICHARD LE GALLIENNE, 
 
 British Essayist. 
 
 E have been told that the world has tried the Gos- 
 pel of Christ and found it wanting. To that the 
 answer is simple : the world has never tried the 
 Gospel of Christ: it has yet to begin. 
 The great Christian symbols are as exactly records of fact 
 as any proven scientific proposition. The Dogma of the 
 New Birth is no mere figure of mysticism, but a psychologi- 
 cal fact daily illustrate*d in the lives of thousands. A man 
 is a brute to-day, and to-morrow, without any apparent cause, 
 he undergoes a mystical change ; a new light is in his face, 
 and he is in every way a new creature. — Pages 65, 76, ^''The 
 Religion of a Literary Man^^ by Richard Le Gallienne, 
 
 MELVILLE D. LANDON, 
 
 Humorist, " Eli Perkins." 
 
 'KRIST is a necessity. The highest civilization of the 
 learned Stoics was a failure. Seneca, Epictetus and 
 Aurelius were the culmination of the highest moral- 
 ity and religion without the love of Christ. Religion 
 was only Justice — " an eye for an eye and a tooth for a 
 tooth" till Jesus Christ came with 'Mo unto others." Sto- 
 ical philosophy was only addressed to the intellect, while 
 Christ brought peace and love and salvation to the. heart 
 through His atonement. Seneca was pure and Aristides was 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 273 
 
 just but they knew not love and Divine forgiveness. Chris- 
 tianity with its divine Book has brought these, and they are a 
 necessity. 
 
 91 
 
 ""^(Z^L. 
 
 CHARLES LANMAN, 
 
 Author. 
 
 HO, then, can for an instant doubt that he (Daniel 
 Webster) is now in Heaven ? As surely as there 
 is an All-Merciful Saviour, he must be among 
 the redeemed. . . . He was a believer in the great 
 Atonement, and the distinct impression left upon my mind 
 was, that if he were not a genuine Christian the promises 
 of the Bible were all a fable ; and God knows that I would 
 rather die than, for a moment, even imagine such a state of 
 things. — From Chapter on Illness and Death^ in ''''Private Life 
 of Dajtiel Webster^'*'' by Charles Lanjriati^ Private Secretary of 
 Daniel Webster. 
 
 DIONYSIUS LARDNER, 
 
 British Astronomer. (1793-1859.) 
 
 ^N the year of Rome 753, while the world was enjoying 
 peace under Augustus, and the "fullness of time " was 
 come, it pleased the Almighty to send His Son, Jesus 
 Christ, as the announcer of a religion more pure and 
 holy than any yet given to man. His religion though per- 
 secuted, gradually spread over the Roman world. The 
 Christian religion, as given to man by its divine Author, was 
 perfect in truth and simplicity ; but it was sent forth into the 
 world in which error abounded, and the stream had hardly 
 left the fountain when it became defiled with mundane im- 
 purities. — Extract from his ^^ Outlines of History.^'' 
 
274 ^ CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WALTER SAVAGE LANDOR, 
 
 English Author. (1775-1864.) 
 
 AM heartily glad to witness your veneration for a Book 
 which, to say nothing of its holiness or authority, con- 
 tains more specimens of genius and taste than any 
 other volume in existence. — ''''Imaginary Conversa- 
 tions^ ' ' by Landor. 
 
 It would grieve me to foresee the day when our churches 
 should be demolished or desecrated ; when the tones of the 
 organ and the symphonies of Handel no longer swell and 
 reverberate along the groined roof and dim windows. But 
 let old superstitions crumble into dust ; let Faith, Hope, and 
 Charity be simple in attire ; let few and solemn words be 
 spoken before Him "to whom all hearts are open, all desires 
 are known." Principalities and powers belong to the service 
 of the Crucified; but religion can never "be of good report" 
 among those who usurp Ox covet them. — Atlantic Monthly^ 
 June^ 1866. 
 
 GEORGE PARSONS LATHROP, 
 
 Author, Journalist, Poet. 
 
 THE CHRISTMAS FOREST. 
 
 (The region between Jerusalem and Bethlehem was formerly covered 
 with a forest of pines, which has since entirely disappeared.) 
 
 HE angels sang ; the shepherds came ; 
 In the lone manger shone a flame 
 That burned with supernatural light. 
 The pine trees whispered through the night, 
 
 And though our Saviour's birth 
 Changed not their shadowy gloom to white, 
 They in a patient darkness still 
 Bowed, sighing, and obeyed His will. 
 
 Sir James Paget, First Baron ; President College of Sur- 
 geons: I can not imagine anything before natural force 
 except Supernatural Will. Time — or, if not time. Eternity 
 — will prove that Science and Christian Theology are but two 
 sides of truth. — Hunterian Oration ^1877. 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 275 
 
 SIR HENRY MONTGOMERY LAWRENCE, 
 
 Late Provisional Governor-General of India. (1806-1857.) 
 
 LORD, give me grace and strength to do Thy will, 
 to begin the day and end it with prayer and search- 
 ing of heart, with reading of Thy Word. Make nie 
 to understand it, to bring home to my soul the realit\ 
 of Thy perfect Godhead and perfect humanity; above all, my 
 entire need of a Saviour, of my utter inability to do aught in 
 my own strength. — Page 61, '"''Twelve Indian Statesmen^^'* 
 by George Smith. 
 
 ABBOTT LAWRENCE. 
 
 Merchant and Diplomat. (1792-1855.) 
 
 HE Hon. Abbott Lawrence, at that time Minister of 
 the United States at the Court of St. James, in the 
 delivery of an eloquent address, declared that "Eng- 
 land and America, the two greatest Protestant na- 
 tions, banded together, might defy the world." Pausing for 
 a moment, the speaker continued, "I must withdraw that 
 word ' defy.' There is no occasion for defiance. Let us 
 rather as Christian nations, united in our love for the Bible, 
 go forth to bless and save the world." — Monthly Reporter of 
 the British and Foreign Bible Society^ June ^ 1886. 
 
 AMOS LAWRENCE. 
 
 Merchant and Philanthropist. (1786-1852.) 
 
 \!>7\^TTENDED ... Church this morning, and took 
 Ll^^ part in the closing prayer, the giving thanks to our 
 <^ (y^ Father in heaven, through Jesus Christ, who lived 
 
 to serve us, and died to save us. 
 What should we do if the Bible were not the foundation of 
 
276 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 our system of self-government ? and what will become of us 
 when we willfully and wickedly neglect it? We have more 
 than common reason to pray in the depths of our sins, God 
 be merciful to us sinners. The efforts made to lessen re- 
 spect for it, and confidence in it, will bring to its rescue 
 multitudes who would not have learned otherwise how much 
 they owe it. . . . The Bible is our great charter, and 
 does more than all others written or unwritten. — Biography 
 of Amos Lawre7ice^ by William R. Lawrence, 
 
 LORD JOHN MAIR LAWRENCE, 
 
 Viceroy of India. ( 1811-1879.) 
 
 ^T seems to me that year after year, and cycle after 
 cycle, the influence of these missionaries must in- 
 crease, and that in God's good will large masses of the 
 people, having lost all faith in their own, and feeling 
 the want of a religion which is pure, true, and holy, will be 
 converted, and will confess the religion of Christ, and, having 
 professed it, live in accordance with its Divine precepts. — 
 See Sketch of his Life by E. Paxton Hood^ Volume 11^ ^^ Short 
 Biographies for the People!''' 
 
 SIR AUSTIN HENRY LAYARD, 
 
 _ English Orientalist, Archaeologist, and Diplomat. 
 
 J^^ (1817-1894.) 
 
 ^7Uj>RCH^0L0GY, if pursued in a liberal spirit, be- 
 \[c\ comes of the utmost importance as illustrating the 
 ^ (o)^ history of mankind. I confess that, sanguine as I 
 was to the results of my researches among the ruins 
 of the Tigris and the Euphrates, I could not, indeed, proba- 
 bly could any human being, have anticipated the results 
 which they produced. I do not say this in self-praise. I 
 consider myself but an humble agent, whose good fortune 
 it has been to labor successfully about those results. I could 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 277 
 
 not doubt that every spadeful of earth which was removed 
 from those vast remains would tend to confirm the truth of 
 Prophecy and to illustrate the meaning of Scripture. But 
 who could have believed that record themselves should have 
 been found which, as to the minuteness of their detail, and 
 the wonderful accuracy of their statements, should confirm 
 almost word for word the very text of Scripture? And re- 
 member, that these were no fabrications of a later date in 
 monuments centuries after the deeds which they professed 
 to relate had taken place, but records engraved by those who 
 had actually taken part in them. — From his Speech on the 
 occasio7i of the presentation to Doctor Layard the freedom of 
 the city of London^ February 9, 1854. 
 
 WILLIAM EDWARD HARTPOLE LECKY, 
 
 British Historian and Author. 
 
 'T was reserved for Christianity to present to the world 
 an ideal Character, which, through all the changes of 
 the eighteen centuries, has inspired the hearts of men 
 with impassioned love, and has shown itself capable 
 Df acting on all ages, nations, temperaments, and conditions; 
 has not only been the highest pattern of virtue, but the 
 highest incentive to its practice, and has exerted so deep an 
 influence that it may be truly said that the simple record of 
 three short years of active life has done more to regenerate 
 and soften mankind than all the disquisitions of philoso- 
 phers and all the exhortations of moralists. This has, in- 
 deed, been the well-spring of whatever is best and purest in 
 the Christian life. Amid all the sins and failings; amid all 
 the priestcraft and fanaticism that have defaced the Church, 
 it has preserved in the character of its Founder an enduring 
 principle of regeneration. . . . The power of the love 
 of Christ has been displayed alike in the most heroic pages 
 of Christian martyrdom, in the most pathetic pages of Chris- 
 tian resignation, and in the tenderest pages of Christian 
 
278 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 charity. It was shown by the martyrs who sank beneath 
 the fangs of wild beasts, extending to the last moments their 
 arms in the form of the cross they loved ; who ordered their 
 chains buried as the insignia of their warfare ; who looked 
 with joy upon their ghastly wounds because they have been 
 received for Christ ; who welcomed death as the bridegroom 
 welcomes the bride, because it would bring them nearer Him. 
 — ^^ History of Morality ^^^ Volume II ^ page 88. 
 
 JOSEPH LECONTE, 
 
 Geologist and Author; Professor of Geology and Natural History in the 
 University of California. 
 
 <HE Christ is the ideal man, and, therefore — mark the 
 necessary implication — and, therefore, the Divine man. 
 We are all men (as contradistinguished from brutes) — 
 we are all^ I say, sons of God ; the Christ is the well- 
 beloved Son. We are all in the image of God ; He is the ex- 
 press and perfect image. We are all partakers in various 
 degrees of the Divine nature ; in Him the Divine nature is 
 completely realized. 
 
 BENSON JOHN LOSSING, 
 
 Historian, Author and Engraver. (1813-1891.) 
 
 ARTH hath its angels bright and lovely. Their hope 
 ' is a golden chain of promises from the throne of the 
 infinite one; their example is a preacher of righteous- 
 ness co-working with the great Redeemer. 
 Paine fell low in the social scale, not only because of his 
 beastly and intemperate habits, but because of his blasphe- 
 mous tirade against Christianity. His Age of Reason was a 
 coarse and vindictive assault on revealed religion, exhibiting 
 neither sound logic nor honest argument. — Pages 332, 329, 
 ^'^ Eminent Americans ^'''^ by Benson J, Lossing, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 279 
 
 ROBERT EDWARD LEE,* ^ 
 
 Confederate General-in-Chief; President of Washington and Lee 
 University. (1807-1870.) 
 
 SINCERELY thank you for your interest. I can only 
 
 say that I am a poor sinner, trusting in the merits 
 
 of Christ alone, and that I need all the prayers you 
 
 can offer for me. 
 
 Soldiers! Let us humble ourselves before the Lord our 
 
 God, asking, through Jesus Christ, the forgiveness of our 
 
 sins, beseeching the aid of the God of our forefathers for the 
 
 defense of our homes and our liberties. 
 
 I would suggest some plan, in addition to the abundant 
 distribution of the Holy Scriptures, to cause the mass of peo- 
 ple to meditate on their Divine truths, and in the language 
 of Wilberforce, "to read the Bible, read the Bible," so as to 
 become acquainted with the promises and realities of our re- 
 ligion. — Pages 416, 425, 431, ''Personal Reminiscences of 
 Robert E. Lee^^^ by John W. Jones. 
 
 RICHARD HENRY LEE, 
 
 Orator, Statesman, and Patriot. (1732-1794.) 
 
 COMMITTEE of three consisting of Richard Henry 
 Lee, Samuel Adams, and General Daniel Rober- 
 deau, reported in the Congress of the Revolution, 
 November i, 1777, this resolution, recommending 
 the setting apart of " Thursday, the i8th of December next, 
 for solemn thanksgiving and praise, that with one heart and 
 one voice the good people may express the grateful feelings 
 
 * After his death a well-worn Bible was found in his chamber, in which 
 was written " R. E. Ivee, Ivieut. Colonel, U. S. Army. 
 
 tl should be disappointed, sir, and shall fail in the leading object which 
 brought me here, unless these young men become Christians. Our great 
 want is a revival which shall bring these youth to Christ. — Declared while 
 President of Washington and Lee University. " Life of General Lee,'' by 
 John Esten Cooke. 
 
28o A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 of their hearts, and consecrate themselves to the service of 
 their Divine Benefactor ; and that, together with their sin- 
 cere acknowledgments and offerings, they may join the pen- 
 itent confession of their manifold sins, whereby they had for- 
 feited every favor, and their humble and earnest supplication 
 that it may please God, through the merits of Jesus Christ, 
 mercifully to forgive and blot them out of remembrance." — 
 Journal of Congress^ Volume I II ^ pages 467 and 468. 
 
 GOTTFRIED WILLIAM LEIBNITZ, 
 
 German Philosopher and Mathematician. (1646-1716.) 
 
 'HE true and essential union which unites us to the 
 body of Christ consists in love. 
 
 I hold to the Augsburg Confession, which supposes 
 a real presence of the body of Christ and beholds in 
 the sacrament something mysterious. 
 
 I often think that Ezekiel had studied the art of archi- 
 tecture, or was court engineer, because he saw in his vision 
 such magnificent edifices. But a prophet in the country like 
 Amos, beholds only landscapes or rural pictures, while the 
 statesman Daniel gives rules in his visions to the mon- 
 archs' of the world. This woman whom your Highness 
 has seen, may not be compared with prophets like these; 
 however, she sees Jesus Christ before her eyes. The burn- 
 ing love which, fanned by the hearing of sermons, and 
 by private reading, she bears to our Saviour, has at length 
 obtained for her the gracious gift of beholding His image or 
 appearance. For why should I not call it- a gift of grace. 
 It does her good, it renders her happy, it makes her the subject 
 of most beautiful sentiments.— /^^^^i- 163 and 166, ^''Life of 
 Godfried William Leibnitz^ on the Basis of the German Work 
 by Dr. G. E. Gurhrauer^'' by John Mac key. 
 
 Last words of Beethoven, who was deaf: '' 1 shall hear in 
 Heaven." 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 281 
 
 FRANCOIS LENORMANT. 
 
 O. French Archaeologist. (1835-1883.) 
 
 C PROFOUNDLY convinced of the truth of all that my 
 ^ ^^ religion teaches, I respect the Holy Scriptures. I 
 bow to their authority, and I believe in the Divine 
 inspiration which dictated them. But many things 
 which do not belong to them are attributed by commentators 
 to the Scriptures, and chronology is one of them. . . . One 
 of the most learned men of the present century, and at the 
 same time a sincere Christian, Baron de Sacy, used to say: 
 "People perplex their minds about Biblical chronology and 
 the discrepancy between it and the discoveries of modern 
 science. They are greatly in error, for there is no Biblical 
 chronology." For chronology can only exist when the neces- 
 sary elements occur; when we are in possession of records 
 which control the accuracy of figures transmitted by the 
 chroniclers, and, above all, when we know the measure of 
 time in use among the people whose annals we seek to 
 reconstruct. It is no use, therefore, to seek in Scripture that 
 which they can not contain — a fixed and certain chronology. 
 —''DEgypte, '61." 
 
 GOTTHOLD EPHRAIM LESSING. 
 
 German Author. (1729-1781.) 
 
 HIS much, at least, is a matter of experience: that the 
 books of the New Testament, in which these doc- 
 trines after some time found a repository, have fur- 
 nished, and still furnish, the second better elementary 
 Book for the human race. For seventeen hundred years they 
 occupied the human mind more than all other books. No 
 other Book could possibly have become so generally known 
 among different nations. 
 
 And so Christ was the first reliable Teacher of the immor- 
 
282 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 tality of the soul; reliable, on account of the prophecies 
 which were fulfilled in Him; on account of the miracles 
 which He performed; reliable, on account of His own resur- 
 rection from the dead, with which He sealed His own doc- 
 trines. The first reliable Teacher: For to suppose, to wish, 
 to believe, is one thing; to qonform one's inward and out- 
 ward life is another thing. And this, at least, was first taught 
 by Christ. ... It was reserved for Him alone to enforce 
 purity of heart in reference to another life. — Pages 54, 51, 
 mtd 49, ^''The Education of the Race^^^ by G. E. Lessing, 
 
 V 
 
 JOSHUA LEVERING, 
 
 Financier and Manufacturer. 
 
 ^^^y ESUS CHRIST, by reason of His exalted character 
 \^ and blameless life, is and ever will remain the central 
 % figure in human history. His life, if nothing else, 
 justifies humanity in recognizing His divine nature, 
 and warrants the acceptance of Him as the Saviour of the 
 world. 
 
 But in addition thereto we have the Bible testifying to the 
 same great truth. Christ is thus the fulfillment of the Scrip- 
 ture, and the Scriptures themselves are proven to be the in- 
 spired Word of God by the life and death of Christ. Jesus 
 Christ and the Book are, therefore, one and inseparable, and 
 must stand or fall together. 
 
 Come, all the faithful bless; 
 Let all who Christ confess 
 
 His praise employ. 
 Give virtue's rich reward; 
 Victorious death accord, 
 And with our glorious Lord, 
 
 Eternal joy. 
 
 Robert 11.^ King of France. 
 
NINETEENTH CENTURY MILITARY LEADERS, 
 
 Napoleon Bonaparte, Duke of Wellington, 
 
 Page 38. Page S24. 
 
 Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, Lord Wolseley, 
 
 Page 195. Page 2 79. Page 517. 
 
 Prince Bismarck. Count Von Moltke, 
 
 Page 32. Page 321. 
 
RUDYARD KIPLING, 
 
 British Novelist. 
 
 RECESSIONAL. 
 
 JUBILEE HYMN ON QUEEN VICTORIA'S REIGN. 
 
 [E careful lest thou forget the Lord thy God . . . and say in thine 
 heart, my power and the might of mine hand hath gotten me this 
 wealth. But thou shalt remember the Lord thy God ; for it is 
 He that giveth thee power to get wealth, that He may establish His 
 covenant which He swear unto thy fathers, as it is this day. — Deuteron- 
 omy 8 : II, 17, 18. 
 
 God of our fathers, known of old — 
 
 Lord of our far-flung battle-line — 
 Beneath whose awful hand we hold 
 
 Dominion over palm and- pine — 
 Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet, 
 Lest we forget — lest we forget ! 
 
 The tumult and the shouting dies; 
 
 The captains and the kings depart; 
 Still stands thine ancient Sacrifice, 
 
 An humble and a contrite heart. 
 Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet, 
 Lest we forget — lest we forget ! 
 
 Far called, our navies melt away — 
 On dune and headland sinks the fire- 
 
 Lo, all our pomp of yesterday 
 Is one with Nineveh and Tyre ! 
 
 Judge of the Nations, spare us yet. 
 
 Lest we forget — lest we forget ! 
 
 If, drunk with sight of power, we loose 
 
 Wild tongues that have not Thee in awe — 
 
 Such boasting as the Gentiles use. 
 Or lesser breeds without the Law — 
 
 Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet. 
 
 Lest we forget — lest we forget ! 
 
 For heathen heart that puts her trust 
 
 In reeking tube and iron shard — 
 All valiant dust that builds on dust 
 
 And guarding calls not Thee to guard — 
 For frantic boast and foolish word. 
 Thy mercy on thy people, Lord ! Amrn. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 283 
 
 TAYLER LEWIS, 
 
 Author, and Professor of Greek in Union College 
 
 (1849-1877). (1802-1877.) 
 
 NOTHER striking trait of the Mosaic cosmogony is 
 its unbroken wholeness of unity. . . . *' In the be- 
 ginning God made the heavens and the earth, and 
 the earth was waste and void, and darkness was 
 upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God brooded 
 over the waters. And God said, let there be light, and there 
 was light. And God saw that it was good, and God divided 
 the light from the darkness. And thus there was an evening 
 and a morning — one day." What is there like it, or to be 
 at all compared with it, in any mythology on earth? There 
 it stands, high above them all, and remote over them all, in 
 its air of great antiquity, in its unaccountableness, in its se- 
 rene truthfulness, in its unapproachable sublimity, in that 
 impress of Divine majesty and ineffable holiness which even 
 the unbelieving neologist has been compelled to acknowledge, 
 and by which every devout reader feels that the first page of 
 Genesis is forever distinguished from any mere human pro- 
 duction. — ^^The Six Days of Creation^'*'' by Tayler Lewis, 
 
 FRANCIS LIEBER. 
 
 Publicist ; Professor of Political Science in Columbia College Law School 
 (1860-1872). (1800-1872,) 
 
 ^HESE earlier notions were preserved pure, and gradu- 
 ally enlarged during the Mosaic period by succes- 
 sive revelations to chosen individuals, with whom the 
 Bible makes us acquainted under the name of Proph- 
 ets, from Moses to Malachi. God finally completed His 
 revelations through Christ. — Page 2, " Encyclopcsdia Ajueri- 
 cana^^ Volume XI ^ edited by Francis Lieber. 
 
 Christianity, considered purely as a branch of knowledge, 
 constitutes an indispensable element of liberal education, 
 because Christianity, taken solely as a historical fact, is in- 
 
284 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 comparably the mightiest of all facts in the annals of human 
 society. It has so tinctured and penetrated all systems of 
 knowledge, both civil and exclusively social, the laws, lan- 
 guages, and literature of the civilized world ; their ethics, 
 rights, tastes, and wants, that without a historical and philo- 
 sophical acquaintance with Christianity it is impossible to 
 understand any of them. There is not the historian in ex- 
 istence, whatever view of religion itself he may take, who 
 denies that Christianity is the foundation of the whole of 
 modern history, that is, the history since the downfall of the 
 Western Empires. . . . The Christian religion is inter- 
 woven with the institutions which surround us and in whicK 
 we have our social being. The Christian religion has found 
 its way into a thousand laws, and has generated a thousand 
 others. — Pages 525, 526, 529, Volume 11^ of ^' Contribution 
 to Political Science ^^ by Francis Lieber. 
 
 CARL LINNEAUS, 
 
 Swedish Botanist. ( 1707-1778.) 
 
 ^N all his writings there appeared a deep feeling of rev- 
 erence and gratitude towards the Supreme Being; and 
 in the history of his life we find nothing which could 
 lead us to suppose that such feelings were assumed 
 for the occasion. Over the door of his room were inscribed: 
 ^'•Innocui vivite^ Numen adest — I^ive in innocence, for God is 
 present." His more important works he commences and 
 ends with some passage of Scripture, expressive of the pow- 
 er, the glory, the beneficence of God, the Creator, the Pre- 
 server of all things. — ^^ Lives of Eminent Zoologists ^^^ by W, 
 Macgillvrey. 
 
 Lord Lamington, Governor of Queensland: Send the 
 Word of God to isolated places! Enlarge and advance its 
 operation for wider distribution! This is tlie very ground- 
 work of our Christian faith. — " The Bible Society Reporter ^^'^ 
 November^ 1896. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 285 
 
 ABRAHAM LINCOLN,* 
 
 Sixteenth President of the United States. (1809-1865.) 
 
 T is said in one of 
 the admonitions of 
 our Lord, "As your 
 Father in Heaven 
 is perfect, be ye also per- 
 fect." The Saviour, I 
 suppose, did not expect 
 that any human being 
 could be perfect as the 
 Father in Heaven; but 
 He said, "As your Father 
 in Heaven is perfect, be 
 ye also perfect." He set 
 that up as a standard, and 
 He who did most toward 
 reaching that standard 
 attained the highest de- 
 gree of moral perfection. 
 — From a speech m Chicago^ July 10, 1858. See ''''The Lin- 
 coln Memorial Albtcm of Immortelles^'^'' collected mid edited 
 by Osborjt H. Oldroyd. 
 
 In regard to this great Book, I have only to say that it is 
 the best gift God ever gave to man. All the good from the 
 Saviour of the world is communicated through this Book. 
 But for this Book we could not know right from wrong. All 
 those things desirable for man are contained in it. — In Ac- 
 knowledgment of an elegant Bible^ presented by a Committee 
 of Colored People from Baltimore. See Washington Chron- 
 icle^ September 5, \%(y\^ giving a full report of the Address. 
 
 * Throughout the whole period of the war he (Mr. Lincoln) constantly 
 directed the attention of the nation to dependence on God. It may, in- 
 deed, be doubted whether he omitted this in a single state paper. — Page 
 549, Volume /, ''Twenty Years of Congress,'' by James G. Blaine. 
 
286 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. • 
 
 I have read upon my knees the story of Gethsemane, where 
 the Son of God prayed in vain that the cup of bitterness 
 might pass from Him. I am in the garden of Gethsemane 
 now, and my cup of bitterness is full and overflowing. — In 
 Conversation with Judge Gillespie at Sprhigfield^ Illinois ; see 
 " The Latter Life of Lincoln^'' ^ by Ida M. Tar be 11^ McClure^s 
 Magazine, December^ 1898. 
 
 I know there is a God, and that He hates injustice and 
 slavery. I see the storm coming. If He has a place and 
 work for me, and I think He has, I believe I am ready. I 
 know that I am right, for liberty is right, for Christ teaches 
 it, and Christ is God. I have said that a house divided 
 against itself can not stand ; Christ and reason say the same. 
 — In Conversation with Newton Batenian^ Superintendent of 
 Public htstruction of Illinois^ at the time of Mr. Lincohi's 
 first Nominatio7t. Page 193, '"''The Inner Life of Abraham 
 Liitcobi^ " by F. B. Carpenter. 
 
 The character of the Bible is easily established, at least to 
 my satisfaction. We have to believe many things which we 
 do not comprehend. The Bible is the only history that 
 claims to be God's Book — to comprise His laws, His history. 
 It contains an immense amount of evidence as to its authen- 
 ticity. . . . Now let us treat the Bible fairly. If we 
 had a witness on the stand whose general story was true, we 
 would believe him even when he asserted the facts of which 
 we have no other evidence. We ought to treat the Bible 
 with equal fairness. I decided long ago that it was less 
 difficult to believe that the Bible was what it claimed to be 
 than to disbelieve it. — Pages 450, 451, ^^Recollections of Pres- 
 ident Liftcoln^ and his Administration^'''' by L. E. Chittenden^ 
 his Register of the Treasury. 
 
 FRANZ LISZT, 
 
 Hungarian Pianist and Composer. (1811-1886.) 
 
 N Spite of all my errors and entanglements for which I 
 felt the deepest contrition, the Divine Light of the 
 Cross was not withdrawn from me. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 287 
 
 Come back to the faith; it gives such x^appiness; it is 
 the only, the true, the eternah However bitterly you may 
 scorn the feeling, I can not help recognizing in it the way of 
 salvation. I can not help yearning for it, and choosing it. 
 — To a frieitd, — See Chapter on Franz Liszt^ ''A Score of 
 Famous Cofnposers^ ' ' by Nathan Haskell Dole. 
 
 DAVID LIVINGSTONE, 
 
 ^ ^ Scottish Physician and Explorer in Africa. (1813-1873.) 
 
 REx\T pains had been taken by my parents to instil 
 the doctrines of Christianity into my mind, and I had 
 no difficulty in understanding the theory of free sal- 
 vation by the atonement of our Savior ; but it was 
 only about this time that I really began to feel the necessity 
 and value of a personal application of the provisions of the 
 atonement to my own case. The change was like that of 
 " colorblindness." The perfect fullness with which the par- 
 don of all our guilt is offered in God's Book drew forth feel- 
 ings of affectionate love to Him who bought us with His 
 blood, and a sense of deep obligation to Him for His mercy 
 has influenced, in some small measure, my conduct ever 
 since. This book will speak, not so much of what has been 
 done, as of what remains to be performed before the Gospel 
 can be said to be preached to all nations. In the glow of 
 love which Christianity inspires I soon resolved to devote my 
 life to the alleviation of human misery. — Page a^^ ''^Missionary 
 Travels and Researches in South Africa^^^ by David Living- 
 stone. 
 
 WILLIAM LIVINGSTON. 
 
 Lawyer; First Governor of New Jersey. (1776-1790.J 
 (1723-1790.) 
 
 'F the history (New Testament) be not true, then all 
 the whole laws of nature were changed ; all the motives 
 and incentives to human actions that ever had obtained 
 in this world have been entirely inverted ; the wicked- 
 
288 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 est men in the world have taken the greatest pains and en- 
 dured the greatest hardship and misery to invent, practice, 
 and propagate the most holy religion that ever was. — See 
 Livingston's Familiar Letters to a Gentleman^ upon a variety 
 of seasonable and important Subjects in Religion. 
 
 I believe the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments, 
 without any foreign comments or human explanations. . . 
 I believe that he who feareth God and worketh righteousness 
 will be accepted of Him. ... I believe that the virulence 
 of some . . . proceeds not from their affection to Chris- 
 tianity, which is founded on too firm a basis to be shaken by 
 the freest inquiry, and the Divine authority of which I sin- 
 cerely believe without receiving a farthing for saying so. — 
 No. 46, " The Independent Reflector ^^^ as reprinted by Theo- 
 dore Sedgwick^ Jr. ^ in ''''Life and Letters of William Livings- 
 ton.'' 
 
 JOHN WIMBURN LAURIE, 
 
 British Lieutenant-General ; Member of Parliament; Past Grand 
 Master Freemasons of Nova Scotia, 
 
 |UTY, engraved into the very nature of the British 
 people, is the direct outcome of the teaching of the 
 inspired Bible, and the example of our Divine Sav- 
 iour, though in many cases those thus influenced 
 may not be aware of it. 
 
 JAMES LOGAN, 
 
 Private Secretary of William Penn, and Chief-Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of Pennsylvania. (1674-1751) 
 
 'EMBMBER thou art by profession a Christian; 
 that is, one who art called after the immaculate 
 Lamb of God, who, by offering Himself a sacrifice 
 for thee, atoned for thy sins. . . . Rouse with the 
 more simple servants of nature, and borrowing one hour from 
 the sleep of sluggards, spend it in thy chamber in dressing 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 289 
 
 thy soul with prayer and meditation, reading the Scriptures. 
 . . . Remember that the same enemy that caused thy first 
 parents to forfeit their blessed condition, notwithstanding 
 the gate is now open for restoration, is perpetually using his 
 whole endeavors to prevent thee from attaining this, and 
 frustrate to thee the passion of thy Redeemer. — ''''Memoirs of 
 James Logan^'' by Wilson Arms lead. 
 
 JOHN LOCKE, 
 
 English Philosopher. (1632-1704.) 
 
 E that shall collect all the 
 moral rules of the philos- 
 ophers and compare them 
 with those contained in the 
 New Testament will find them to 
 come short of the morality deliv- 
 ered by our Saviour and taught by 
 His disciples: a college made up 
 of ignorant but inspired fisher- 
 men. . . . Such a law of morality 
 Jesus Christ has given in the New 
 
 Testament, but by the latter of these ways, by revelation, we 
 have from Him a full and sufficient rule for our direction, 
 and conformable to that of reason. But the worth and obli- 
 gation of its precepts have their force, and are past doubt to 
 us, by the evidence of His mission. He was sent by God: 
 His miracles show it ; and the authority of God in His pre- 
 cepts can not be questioned. His morality has a sure stand- 
 ard, that revelation vouches, and reason can not gainsay nor 
 question ; but both together witness to come from God, the 
 great Lawgiver. And such a one as this, out of the New 
 Testament, I think, they would never find, nor can anyone 
 say is anywhere else to be found. . . . To one who is per- 
 suaded that Jesus Christ was sent by God to be a King and 
 a Saviour to those who believe in Him, all His commands 
 
290 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 become principles ; there needs no other proof for the truth 
 of what He says, but that He said it; and then there needs 
 no more but to read the inspired books to be instructed. — 
 From ^^ The Reasonableness of Christianity ^^^ by John Locke. 
 
 JOHN ALEXANDER LOGAN,* 
 
 Major-General ; United States Senator. (1826-1886.) 
 
 I UT the beautiful ceremonies of love and remembrance, 
 now so universally performed with flowers, came to 
 the fullest expansion through the growth of the 
 Christian religion. Branches of palms were thrown 
 in the path of our Saviour as He entered Jerusalem. The 
 crucified Christ received a crown of thorns from His execu- 
 tioners, but flowers strewn by unseen hands exhaled their 
 fragrance around the cave where His body was laid. — From 
 his Oratio7i at Riverside Park^ New York^ Decoration Day^ 
 1886. 
 
 JOHN DAVIS LONG. 
 
 Secretary of the Navy under President McKiiley. 
 
 HAT has Jesus Christ done for humanity?" I 
 should say that He has done more than any 
 other religious teacher. The seed he sowed fell, 
 indeed, into good ground, and His system has 
 been adopted by the most enterprising and progressive 
 nations of the world. But the vast growth of what we call 
 Christian civilization is indebted, not alone to the soil from 
 
 * Bluff, sturdy, honest Logan was a Christian in faith and practice. Here 
 is his Bible, which he read with daily care. Sincere and humble, he ac- 
 cepted Christ as his personal Saviour. When given the Lord's Supper, too 
 humble in spirit to kneel on the cushion around the altar, he knelt on the 
 carpet, and with his precious wife received the tokens of a Saviour's 
 love. — From ''Memorial Addresses on the Life and Character of John A, 
 Logan'' delivered in the Senate and House of Representatives, February 
 9 and 16, 1887. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 29I 
 
 which it sprang, but also to Him who planted it. His life, 
 His example, and His teachings not only are still the very 
 idea of personal and social excellence, character, and devel- 
 opment, but no forecast of the future outgrowth of the human 
 soul suggests anything farther reaching or better. He has 
 set the highest example of a life of moral, intellectual, and 
 physical energy, exquisite and broad in its sympathies, com- 
 plete in its usefulness and self-sacrifice, and ranging in its 
 beneficence from the loftiest heights of moral and relig- 
 ious philosophy to the tenderest chords that tremble in the 
 bruised heart of a little child. And He has transmitted a 
 body of moral and religious teaching which at once meets 
 the aspiration and hunger of the soul, and stimulates every 
 nerve of endeavor forward and upward ; at once puts human- 
 ity into the relation of worshipful, and, at the same time, in- 
 telligent and affectionate consecration to God, its Father, 
 and into sympathy and helpful cooperation with its fellow 
 men. Hence the Christian Church ; hence the teeming civ- 
 ilization of charity and progress. To attempt to describe 
 either would be to write volumes, and yet fail to exhaust the 
 theme. So would it be to attempt to describe what Christ 
 has done for humanity. — Christian Register^ Boston^ Decem- 
 ber 22, 18&7. 
 
 JAMES LONGSTREET, 
 
 Confederate Major General and Diplomat. 
 
 'EPIvYING to your request, I am pleased to say: I 
 believe in God, the Father, and in His only be- 
 gotten Son, Jesus Christ, our Lord. It is my cus- 
 tom to read one or more chapters of my Bible daily 
 for comfort, guidance, and instruction. Knowing myself a 
 sinner, I am greatly relieved by the happy assurance that for 
 such our Saviour died, and that under lowly penitence He 
 will surely forgive, and make our acceptance certain through 
 His holy pleasure. 
 
292 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW, 
 
 Poet ; Twenty Years Professor of Belles-Lettres in Harvard College. 
 
 (1807-1882.) 
 
 HIS BROTHER'S ORDINATION HYMN. 
 
 Christ to the young mati said : 
 " Yet one thing more : 
 
 If thou wouldst perfect be, 
 Sell all thou hast, and give it to the poor, 
 
 And come and follow me ! " 
 
 Within this temple Christ again, unseen, 
 Those sacred words hath said. 
 
 And His invisible hands to-day have been 
 Laid upon a young man's head. 
 
 And evermore beside him on his way 
 The unseen Christ, shall move, 
 
 That he may lean upon His arm and say, 
 " Dost Thou, dear Lord, approve ? " 
 
 Beside him at the marriage feast shall be 
 To make the scene more fair : 
 
 Beside him in the dark Gethsemane 
 Of pain and midnight prayer. 
 
 O holy trust ! O endless sense of rest ! 
 
 Like the beloved John 
 To lay his head upon our Saviour's breast, 
 
 And thus to journey on. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 293 
 
 CHARLES LOUIS LOOS, 
 
 President of Kentucky University. 
 
 .HE BIBLE, embracing the Old Testament and the 
 New, is to me "the Holy Scriptures," "the Oracles 
 of God," divinely inspired; the only law of faith, con- 
 duct, and life, "able to make men wise unto salvation 
 through faith in Christ Jesus." 
 
 Jesus, the Christ, has always been to me, in my deepest 
 convictions and affections, the Son of God — " God manifest 
 in the flesh," the brightest "effulgence of the Father's glory, 
 and the perfect expression of His essential being." His 
 Deity (I prefer this term to the less definite word divinity), 
 eternal, is clearly taught, beyond all reasonable controversy, 
 in the New Testament. He is the Lamb of God, who, by 
 His atoning sacrifice on the cross, " takes away the sin of 
 the world." He is, as is said of Jehovah in the Old Testa- 
 ment, " the First and the Last, the King of kings, and Lord 
 of Lords," " the Hope of Glory." 
 
 LOUIS IX., 
 
 "^V-^Y King of France. (1215-1270.) 
 
 XI^Y Dear Daughter: I conjure you to love our Lord 
 ^'^1. with all your might; for this is the foundation of all 
 ^ ^r? goodness. No one is so worthy to be loved. Well 
 may we say : " Lord, Thou art our God, and our goods 
 are nothing to Thee." It was the Lord who sent His Son 
 upon the earth, and delivered Him over to death for our Sal- 
 vation. If you love Him, my daughter, the advantage will 
 
294 ^ CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 be yours ; and be assured that you can never love and serve 
 Him too much. He has well deserved that you love Him ; 
 for He first loved us. I wish you would comprehend what 
 the Son of God had done for our redemption. Bestow all 
 your care to avoid everything that may displease Him. — 
 Page 49, ^^ Power of Religion^^ by Lindley Murray. 
 
 SETH LOW, 
 
 Late President, Columbia College ; Mayor of New York. 
 
 HAT can Christians do better in such a time as 
 )\ this than to bear their unshaken testimony to their 
 belief that there is no other Name under heaven 
 whereby men must be saved but the name of Jesus 
 Christ? The only Name whereby man as an individual can 
 be redeemed from the lower life to the highest, the only 
 Name whereby man in society can emerge from the condition 
 of constant struggle merely for existence into the glorious 
 liberty of the children of God? Surely there is nothing that 
 we can do more vital than to witness to the eternal truth 
 that the things which are seen are temporal, and it is only 
 the things which are not seen which are eternal. — Address as 
 Chairman of ' ' All day Meeting for Prayer and Conference^ ' ' 
 New York^ January ii, 1900, preliminary to Ecumenical 
 Conference 07t Foreign Missions, 
 
 LUCIUS Q. C. LAMAR, 
 
 Congressman; United States Senator; Secretary of Interior under Presi- 
 dent Cleveland ; Justice United States Supreme Court 
 till death. (1825-1893.) 
 
 'T is proper to show my colors and avow my faith. I 
 simply declare that I believe there is a God; a per- 
 sonal, infinitely gracious Creator and Father of all ; a 
 God of goodness, justice and holiness ; the God of the 
 Bible. I also declare my belief that the Bible is the Word of 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 295 
 
 God, and that the central idea of the inspired Revelation is 
 Jesus Christ. *'God, who at sundry times and in divers 
 manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets, 
 hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son, whom He 
 hath appointed Heir of all things, by whom also He made 
 the worlds ; who being the brightness of His glory, and the 
 express image of His Person, and upholding all things by the 
 word of His power when He had by Himself purged our sins, 
 sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high. ' * 
 
 EDWARD M. LEWIS, 
 
 Expert Pitcher Boston Baseball Club, National League, 
 Champions of 1897 and 1898. 
 
 ^/lY Bible is the Word of God. It is a Divine revela- 
 IntL ^^o^' Beside it all other books lose their luster. 
 C>y^ The four Gospels are its heart and center, while the 
 Old Testament is a magnificent prologue. Jesus 
 Christ is the Son of God. He came to save the world from 
 sin by atonement on the Cross. He is the perfect Man. In 
 Him the tender feelings of a mother are united with the rug- 
 ged vigor of a fisherman. He is not only all sympathy, all 
 love, all meekness, but He is more — all courage, all heroism, 
 all strength. /^ p. /h 
 
 JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL, 
 
 Poet; Essayist; Diplomat. (1819-1891.) 
 
 HATEVER defects and imperfections may attach 
 to a few points of the doctrinal system of Calvin, 
 the bulk of which is simply what all Christians 
 believe, it will be found that Calvinism, or any 
 other ism which claims an open Bible and a crucified 
 and risen Christ, is infinitely preferable to any form of 
 polite and polished skepticism which gathers as its vo- 
 taries the degenerate sons of heroic ancestors, who, having 
 been trained in a society and educated in schools, the founda- 
 
296 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 tion of which were laid by men of faith and piety, now turn 
 and kick down the ladder by which they have climbed up, 
 and persuade men to live without God and leave them to die 
 without hope. 
 
 The worst kind of religion is no religion at all, and these 
 men, living in ease and luxury, indulging themselves in the 
 "amusement of going without religion" may be thankful that 
 they live in lands where the Gospel they neglect has tamed 
 the beastliness and ferocity of the men who, but for Chris- 
 tianity, might long ago have eaten their carcasses like the 
 South Sea Islanders, or cut off their heads and tanned their 
 hides like the monsters of the French Revolution. When 
 the microscope of scepticism, having hunted the heavens 
 and sounded the seas to disprove the existence of a Creator, 
 shall have turned its attention to human society, and found 
 a place ten miles square where a decent man can live in 
 decency, comfort, and security, supporting and educating his 
 children unspoiled and unpolluted; a place where age is rev- 
 erenced, infancy appreciated, manhood respected, womanhood 
 honored, and human life held in due regard ; when sceptics 
 can find such a place ten miles square on this globe where 
 the Gospel of Christ has not gone and cleared the way and 
 laid the foundation and made decency and security possible, 
 it will then be in order for the sceptical literati to move 
 thither and there ventilate their views. But so long as these 
 very men are dependent upon the religion which they dis- 
 card for every privilege they enjoy they may well hesitate 
 a little before they seek to rob the Christian of his hopes and 
 humanity of its faith in that Saviour who alone has given to 
 man the hope of life eternal, which makes life tolerable and 
 society possible, and robs death of its terrors and the grave 
 of its gloom. — An after-dinner speech iJi London in honor of 
 the poet Brow7iing. 
 
 John Skeffington, Lord Viscount Massereene and 
 Ferrard, Irish Nobleman (181 2-1863): 
 
 We have sinned against a Saviour; we have sinned e'en to death. 
 God is pleading, gently pleading with the creatures of His breath. 
 
^^^#»a. 
 
 PROMINENT UNITED STATES SENATORS. 
 
 John B. Gordon, 
 
 Page jyS. 
 
 Francis M. Cockrell, 
 
 Page 97. 
 
 Thomas V/ Palmer, 
 
 Page 348 
 
 GEORGE F. HOAR, 
 Page 2JJ. 
 
 Henry Wilson, 
 
 Pagesog. 
 
 HENRY B. ANTHONY, 
 Page lb. 
 
 Joseph B. Foraker. 
 
 Page i8g. 
 
 WILLIAM P. FRYE, 
 Page 162. 
 
 JOSEPH R. HAWLEY. 
 Page 22Q. 
 
 JOHN M. THURSTON, 
 Page 461. 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 297 
 
 SIR JOHN LUBBOCK, 
 
 President of London Chamber of Commerce, and M. P. 
 
 ^N his chapter on " The Choice of Books," he places 
 the Bible the first in the list of the one hundred best 
 books. 
 
 In this same volume he says: "The Bible dwells 
 most forcibly on the blessings of peace: 'My peace I give 
 you; not as the world giveth, give I unto you.' Heaven is 
 described as a place where the wicked cease from troubling, 
 and the weary are at rest." 
 
 "Collect from the Bible all that Christ thought necessary 
 for His disciples, and how little Dogma there is. ' Pure re- 
 ligion and undefiled before God and the Father is this, to* 
 visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep 
 himself unspotted from the world.' 'By this shall all mem 
 know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to an- 
 other.' 'Suffer little children to come unto Me.' And one 
 lesson which little children have to teach us is that religion 
 is an affair of the heart, and not the mind only." — Chapters 
 XI and XIII ^ ^^The Pleasures of Life^^'' by Sir John Lubbock, 
 
 WILHELM LUBKE, 
 
 German Historian of Art. (1826-1893.) 
 
 ^HE figures of sacred personages, beyond all others 
 that of our Saviour, were thrown forward in strong 
 relief. It was not enough to represent Christ under 
 the allegorical figure of the Good Shepherd; men 
 endeavored to reproduce the appearance of the Divine 
 Teacher in the .fullness of spiritual power and calm sublim- 
 ity. — Page 382, Volume /, ''''Outlines of the History of Art^'' 
 by Dr. Wilhelm Lubke^ translated by Clarence Cook, 
 
298 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 MARQUIS OF LANSDOWNE, 
 
 British Statesman; Lord of Treasury, 1869-1872; Governor-General of 
 
 Canada, 1883-1888; Governor-General of India, 1888-1893; Secretary 
 
 of War, 1895-1900; Foreign Secretary since 1900. 
 
 >HE receiving of the Lord's Supper was never intended 
 to be a qualification for an office but as an open dec- 
 laration of one's being a sincere member of the Church 
 of Christ, commemorating the dying love of our 
 Saviour. Whoever presumes to receive it with any other 
 view, profanes it and may be said to seek his own promotion 
 in this world by eating and drinking damnation to himself. 
 — From a speech in the House of Lords ,^ 1882. 
 
 STEPHEN BLEECKER LUCE, 
 
 Rear Admiral of the United States Navy; Founder of the United States 
 ( ?c.n Naval War College. 
 
 ^UREIyY seamen are worthy to appear in your " Cloud 
 of Witnesses." Not only did our Saviour consort with 
 the seamen of Galilee, but there are many examples 
 in history of noted naval heroes who exhibited the 
 highest Christian virtues. I wish to be counted among this 
 great company of believers in the divinity of Christ, and in 
 the inspiration of all Scripture. 
 
 JOSEPH HENRY LUMPKIN, 
 
 Lawyer, and Chief-Justice of Georgia Supreme Court. 
 (1799 -1867.) 
 
 ^ JL^OST cheerfully, as a man and a magistrate, while pen 
 
 ^ ^\. and breath endure, and until my voice is hushed, and 
 
 ^^<<r9 my pen paralyzed in death, will I bear my humble 
 
 testimony to the value of the Bible. Had I the wealth 
 
 of the world, and there was but one copy of the Scriptures 
 
 extant, and that was hid away in the uttermost parts of the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 299 
 
 earth, I would gladly dispose of all my treasure and traverse 
 sea and land to possess myself of this pearl of great price. 
 . . . Thank God for having, in His great mercy, organized 
 this as^a Christian nation. The Bible is necessary to man. 
 It is the sum, and sun, 'and soul of his felicity. Tell me not 
 of the physical improvements, the intellectual attainments 
 of this wonderful age ! Conscience must be convinced, en- 
 lightened, quickened ; the lightning of the passions bridled 
 and restrained ; and the Bible is the only book which has 
 arrayed vividly before the mind the retributions of eternity, 
 which has brought life and immortality to light; . . . Give 
 me the Bible, which, while it dispels the darkness of the 
 mind, warms and softens the moral winter of the heart ; 
 which sees God and providence, and His manifold wisdom 
 above, beneath, within, around ; which teaches the doctrine 
 of man's fall and depravity, and reveals the plan of his 
 recovery ; which opens up a way through the second Adam, 
 the Lord from Heaven, to a Paradise for the posterity of 
 the first^ where the serpent shall no more deceive, and where 
 the forbidden fruit shall never enchant. — From a letter ad- 
 dressed to the American Bible Society^ and dated at Athens^ 
 Georgia^ November 4, 1852. 
 
 SIR CHARLES LYELL, 
 
 British Geologist. (1797-1875.) 
 
 ^N the year 1806 the French Institute enumerated no 
 less than eighty geological theories which were hostile 
 to the Scriptures, but not one of those theories is held 
 to-day. — " The Bible and the Nineteenth Century^'' by L. 
 T. Townsend^ Professor in Boston University, 
 
 His correspondence, and especially with his father, was 
 marked by a deep religious tone and expression, revealing a 
 fixed faith in Christ, a high regard for the Bible, and a firm 
 belief in an infinite and eternal Being. He once declared in 
 
300 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 the presence of men of thought and science : " In whatever 
 direction we pursue our researches, whether in time or in 
 space, we discover everywhere the clear proofs of a Creative 
 intelligence, and of His foresight, wisdom, and power." 
 Science and religion for him were not divorced, or, as stated in 
 a more comprehensive way by one of his biographers, Lyell 
 knew and felt what the Christian world has come to feel, that 
 truth must and will stand, and that there is no real conflict 
 between science and religion. — ^''Famous Men of Science ^^'^ by 
 Mrs, S, K, Bolton, 
 
 LORD GEORGE LYTTLETON. 
 
 English Statesman and Author. (1709-1773.) 
 
 ;HE Christian religion is a Divine Revelation. 
 
 Paul preached Christ Jesus, and not himself. Christ 
 was the head, he only the minister. 
 
 Paul determined to know nothing among those He 
 converted save Jesus Christ and Him crucified. 
 
 If the glorious light of the Gospel be sometimes overcast 
 with clouds of doubt, so is the light of our reason too. 
 
 To convert the Jews to Christ, Paul was able to argue 
 from their own Scriptures, on the authority of books which 
 they owned to contain Divine Revelations, and from which 
 he could clearly convince them that Jesus was the very 
 Christ. — Volume XI V^ ^''Evangelical Family Library.^'* 
 
 ROBERT WILLIAM LOWRY. 
 
 British Lieutenant-General ; Philanthropist. 
 
 HAT I am and what I have in this life is of God's 
 great mercy, and in that mercy, for Jesus Christ's 
 sake, lies all my trust for the unending life beyond. 
 God's Book is its own defender, give it room, and 
 it will conquer the world! /^^ ^ r-s/^^^-*^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 3OI 
 
 THOMAS BABINGTON MACAU LAY, 
 
 English Historian, Essayist, Poet, and Statesman. (1800-1859.) 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 >T the time when that 
 odious style, almost 
 universal, had ap- 
 peared, that stu- 
 pendous work, the English 
 Bible — a Book which, if 
 everything else in our lan- 
 guage should perish, would 
 alone suffice to show the 
 whole extent of its beauty 
 and power. — Page 348, Vol- 
 ume /, Macaulay s Essays, 
 
 The Saviour of mankind Himself, in whose blameless life 
 malice could find no act to impeach, had been called in ques- 
 tion for words spoken. False witnesses had suppressed a 
 syllable which would have made it clear that those words 
 were figurative, and had thus furnished the Sanhedrim with 
 a pretext under which the foulest of all judicial murders had 
 been perpetrated. — Chapter F, ^^Macaulafs History of Eng- 
 land ^ 
 
 God, the uncreated, the incomprehensible, the invisible, 
 attracted few worshipers. A philosopher might admire so 
 noble a conception, but the crowd turned away in disgust 
 from words which presented no image to their minds. It 
 was before Diety embodied in a human form, walking among 
 men, partaking of their infirmities, leaning on their bosoms, 
 weeping over their graves, slumbering in the manger, bleed- 
 ing on the Cross, that the prejudices of the Synagogue, and 
 the doubts of the Academy, and the pride of the Portico, 
 and the fasces of the Lictor, and the swords of thirty le- 
 gions were humbled in the dust. — Lord Macaulay^ Milton^ 
 Aug,, 1825. 
 
302 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ALEXANDER. MACALISTER, 
 
 Professor of Anatomy in the University of 
 Cambridge. 
 
 -NOW ye not that your body is a temple of the Holy 
 Ghost?" wrote Paul to the Corinthians. He thus 
 indicates what is the highest design of the body of 
 man, and though this temple is, like all things 
 earthly, corruptible, yet it is worthy as a dwelling-place of 
 God. It is a temple excellent in beauty. The sculptor and 
 poet have exerted their highest skill in the representation of 
 it. . . . We are constrained to say with the Psalmist: 
 '' Thou hast made him a little lower than God"; nay, more ; 
 for hath not God Himself, in the person of His Son, in order 
 to our salvation and restoration to His own image, conde- 
 scended to take upon Himself our nature, so that the perfec- 
 tion of manhood is the " measure of the stature of the full- 
 ness of Christ." The Christian Revelation assures us that 
 man will yet be exalted to a position inconceivably more 
 glorious than that which he has hitherto occupied, for as 
 human nature in the person of Christ is seated at the right 
 hand of God, even so shall those who by faith are united to 
 Christ be elevated to bear the image of the heavenly. — 
 Pages 46—48, ''''Man Physiologically Considered^'''' a ''''Present- 
 Day Tract ^^ by Alexander Macalister. 
 
 JOHN MACDONALD, 
 
 A Member of the Canadian Senate. 
 
 .HE many and precious promises of God's Word all 
 point to the general diffusion of the knowledge of the 
 Lord throughout the earth, and to the ultimate and 
 complete triumph of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus 
 Christ over every system of superstition and error. 
 
 How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the Gospel 
 of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things ! (Romans x., 
 14, 15). None but those sent in the truest sense, that is, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 303 
 
 those who are called and fitted by the Holy Spirit ; those 
 who are sent forth, not with the consent only, but with the 
 full approval of the Church, are fit messengers to declare the 
 Gospel of the Son of God to the perishing heathen. — Page 
 520, Volume 11^ '' Report of the Missionary Confere^tce^'''' Lon- 
 don, 1888. 
 
 SIR DUNCAN MACGREGOR. 
 
 ^ ^j, Scottish Major General. (1787-1882.) 
 
 ntC 'ONE who are in the habit of reading: their Bibles 
 can fail to notice that faith in Jesus Christ, the Son 
 of God, is therein made the great pivot on which 
 ^ the salvation of man hinges ; that the whole human 
 race, without distinction of rank, nation, or sex, being justly 
 exposed to the wrath of Almighty God, nothing but the 
 precious blood of Christ, which was shed on the Cross, can 
 possibly atone for their sins. — Page 78, ' ' The Loss of the 
 Kent East Indiaman^^^ by Sir Duncan Macgregor, 
 
 
 JUSTIN McCarthy, 
 
 Member of Parliament ; Author. 
 
 BELIEVE in God, the Father, Creator of heaven and 
 earth, and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord ; 
 . who was crucified, dead and buried; the 
 third day rose again from the dead ; He ascended into 
 heaven, and sitteth at the right hand of God, the Almighty 
 Father, from thence He shall judge the living and the dead. 
 I believe in the Holy Ghost, . . . the forgiveness of 
 sins, the resurrection of the dead and the life everlasting. 
 
 JuAt^ /^f^CaA^y^^ 
 
 *His testimony appears in the above well-known form. (S. A. N.) 
 
304 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR JAMES MACINTOSH, 
 
 British Statesman and Historian. (1765-1832.) 
 
 .HERB is nothing in this world so right as to cultivate 
 and exercise kindness, the most certainly evangelical 
 of all doctrines, THE principle of Jesus Christ. 
 
 During many sleepless nights the contemplation of 
 Jesus Christ and thoughts concerning the Gospel, with prayer 
 to God, were my chief occupation. Jesus Christ — love — are 
 the same thing. I believe in Jesus. — {Dying words. ) — ' ' Mem- 
 oirs of the Life of the Right Honorable James Macintosh^ ' ' 
 by his son^ Robert Ja^nes Macintosh. 
 
 FRANCIS ANDREW MARCH, 
 
 President of American Philological Association; late President of Spelling 
 Reform Association; Educator and Author. 
 
 ^T is delightful to find as one grows old that the more 
 we know the more we enjoy simple truths, elementary 
 knowledge. We see them in their environment. Each 
 generation prizes higher than the last the Holy Bible, 
 the inspired record of God's providences and promises. 
 
 GEORGE EDWIN MacLEAN, 
 
 Chancellor of the University of Nebraska. 
 
 ACCEPT reverently Jesus Christ as the Logos^ and the 
 Holy Scriptures as the Word of God, because it em- 
 bodies the life and spirit of our Saviour — the living 
 Word. The lyord of Hosts is with the Book, and His 
 victories will surely vindicate it. 
 
 ^ 
 
 CL(/Ylf/^ ^' ^^i^^^>^ ^7\^^5C4-V_ 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 305 
 
 GEORGE PERKINS MARSH, 
 
 Philologist and Diplomat. ( 1801-1882.) 
 
 H ROUGH the kindness of Mrs. Caroline C. Marsh, his 
 relict, this declaration of belief is furnished the 
 reader: "I can not better formulate my religious faith 
 than by quoting from Paul's Epistle to Timothy, chap- 
 ter I St, verse 15: 'That Christ Jesus came into the world to 
 save sinners, of whom I am chief.' The last clause I know 
 to be true; in the first, I trust, I hope." 
 
 Intellectual philosophy can be successfully pursued only 
 where the Divine Word, undistorted by any gloss of human 
 authority, may be freely read and openly discussed. 
 We find the loftiest poetry, the mosu glowing eloquence, the 
 most terrible sublimity, the tenderest pathos, and the most 
 ravishing beauty in the Psalmist and Prophets, and in the 
 Gospels the life and passion of our Saviour. — ^'Influence of 
 the Bible on Literature and Art. ' ' From an Address before 
 The New England Society. 
 
 GIUSEPPE MAZZINI, 
 
 Italian Patriot. (1805-1872. ) 
 
 HEN, in the presence of the Young Europe now 
 
 arising, all the altars of the old world shall be 
 
 overthrown, two new altars will be raised upon 
 
 the soil made fruitful by the Divine Word. 
 
 We advance, encouraged by the sacred promises of Jesus; 
 
 we seek the new gospel, of which, before dying. He gave us 
 
 the immortal hope, and of which the Christian Gospel is but 
 
 the germ, even as man is the germ of Humanity. 
 
 Christ expired. All He asked of mankind wherewith to 
 save them was a cross whereon to die. But ere He died He 
 had announced the glad tidings to the people. To those 
 
306 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 who asked Him from whence He had received it, He an- 
 swered, " From God, the Father." From the height of His 
 Cross He had invoked Him twice. Therefore, upon the Cross 
 did His victory begin, and still does endure. 
 
 Our forefathers sleep proudly and calmly in their tombs ; 
 they repose, wrapped in their flags, like warriors after a bat- 
 tle. Fear not to offend them. Their banner dyed red in 
 the blood of Christ, translated by Luther to the Convention^ 
 to be raised upon the corpses of those slain in the battles of 
 the people, is a sacred legacy to us all. — See Chapter on 
 ''''Faith and the Ftiture^^ in ''''Essays : Selected from the Writ- 
 ings^ Literary^ Political^ and Religious^'''' by Giuseppe Mazzini. 
 
 JAMES CLERK MAXWELL, 
 
 English Physicist. (1831-1879.) 
 
 ^HINK what God determined to do to all those who 
 submit themselves to His righteousness and are will- 
 ing to receive His gift. They are to be conformed 
 to the image of His Son, and when that is fulfilled, 
 and God sees that they are conformed to the image of Christ, 
 there can be no more condemnation, for this is the praise 
 which God Himself gives, whose judgment is just. So we 
 ought always to hope in Christ, for as sure as we receive Him 
 now, so sure will we be made conformable to His image. — 
 ''''Life of James Clark Maxwell^^^ by Lewis Campbell and 
 William Garnett. 
 
 >tf? 
 
 ■ COLIN MACKENZIE. 
 
 Late British Lieutenant General. (1825-1881, 
 
 Y sense of weakness and absolute inability to control 
 the progress of events which were hurrying to a cri- 
 0>^ sis, and which were fraught with safety or destruc- 
 tion, and with honor or dishonor to my country, had 
 the good effect of leading me to Christ, whose arm is never 
 shortened to save all who put their trust in Him. — Page 189, 
 * * Twelve Indian Statesmen^ ' ' by George Smith, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 307 
 
 JAMES MADISON, 
 
 Fourth President of the United States. (1751-1836.) 
 
 M O N G his 
 
 manuscripts 
 
 are minute 
 
 and elaborate 
 notes made by him on 
 the Gospels and the 
 Acts of the Apostles, 
 which evince a close 
 and discriminating 
 study of the Sacred 
 Writings. In one of 
 these notes, referring 
 to the Bereans as more 
 noble than those of 
 Thessalonica, he com- 
 mends their conduct 
 " as a noble example 
 for all succeeding 
 
 Christians to imitate." In another place, speaking of the 
 words of Jesus to Paul at his conversion, he says, "It is not 
 the talking but the walking and workiftg person that is the 
 true Christian." Again, " Christ's Divinity appears by St. 
 John, chapter xx, 2 : ' And Thomas answered and said 
 unto Him, my Lord and my God ! ' Resurrection testified 
 to and witnessed by the Apostles, Acts iv, 33 : ' And with 
 great power gave the apostles witness of the resurrection of 
 the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all.' " — Pages 
 33 and 34, Volume /, in ^^ Biography of James Madison^^^ by 
 William C. Rives. 
 
 I have summoned you that you might see in what tran- 
 quility a Christian can die. — -Joseph Addison. 
 
308 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HORACE MANN, 
 
 Educator. {1796-1859.) 
 
 ;T is our duty, and our highest interest, and our only 
 freedom, to love God with all our heart and under- 
 standing and mind and strength and our neighbor as 
 ourself ; should strive to grow up into the likeness of 
 God in Christ, eradicating something here, supplying some- 
 thing there ; moulding, shaping, conforming, until it may be 
 said, without blasphemy, that man is the image of God. 
 
 But what a glorious column of the forms of men stand on 
 the other side ! — true disciples of Jesus Christ, constituted of 
 piety, philanthropy, and wisdom ; men who, for the truth's 
 sake, can bear revilings and a crown of thorns ; can look 
 without shrinking upon the cross ; nay, can die upon the 
 cross if need be. But, oh ! when the sanctifying hour of 
 death has passed, then the revilings become world-wide hom- 
 ages ; the crown of thorns, a crown of amaranth, blossoming 
 forever in the air of heaven ; even the accursed Cross is made 
 sacred in the eyes of men. — From ''''Life of Horace ManUy^ 
 by his wife. 
 
 JOHN MARSHALL, 
 
 Chief-Justice of the United States Supreme Court (1801-1835.) 
 (1755-1835). 
 
 IS daughter makes this statement regarding her 
 father's religious views: " The reason why he never 
 communed was that he was a Unitarian in opinion, 
 though he never joined that society. He told me 
 that he believed in the truth of the Christian Revelation, but 
 not in the divinity of Christ ; but during the last months of 
 his life he read '' Keith on Prophecy," where our Saviour's 
 divinity is incidentally treated, and was convinced by this 
 work, and the fuller investigation to which it led, of the su- 
 preme divinity of our Saviour. He determined to apply to 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 309 
 
 to the communion of our Church, objecting to communion 
 in private, because he thought it his duty to make a public 
 confession of the Saviour ; and while waiting for improved 
 health to enable him to go to Church for that purpose, he 
 grew worse and died. — Page 265, ''^John Mar shall ^^^ American 
 Statesmen Series^ by Allen B, Magruder, 
 
 WILLIAM MATHEWS, 
 
 Author. 
 
 ^ "\0R ourselves, we thank God for every exposure of a 
 )^^(A^ forgery, whether in His Book, or in man's books; and 
 to our mind the most cogent proof that the Holy 
 Scriptures are from Him, is the fact that while other 
 histories have been found to swarm with errors, they, when 
 subjected to the intensest, most microscopic scrutiny of mod- 
 ern criticism, have come forth from the ordeal substantially 
 unscathed. — Page 213 of his '-^ Hours with Men and Books. ''^ 
 
 The words ^' crime " and ''criminal" belong to all lan- 
 guages, but those of " sin" and " sinner," belong only to the 
 Christian tongue. For a similar reason man could always 
 call God " Father," which expresses only a relation of crea- 
 tion and power ; but no man of his own strength could say 
 " my Father," for this is the relation of love, foreign even to 
 Mount Sinai, and which belongs only to Calvary. — Page 81 
 of his " Words ^ and their Use and Abuse .^^ 
 
 JOSEPH W. MAUCK, 
 
 President of the University of South Dakota. 
 
 BELIEVE that the Christ is the Son of the living 
 God, the only example of a perfect life ; that the Holy 
 Bible is the Word of a God of infinite wisdom and 
 love ; that man has a capacity for attaining to the 
 likeness of his Creator by observing that Word ; that the 
 glorifying of God contemplated by the Word is a rational and 
 
3IO A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 natural means of such attainment (not an end) ; that our i:a- 
 ability to explain some of the "mysteries" of the Scriptures 
 and the proved results of " acceptance " of the Christ arises 
 from imperfection in our attainment; that without excep- 
 tion the remarkable promises of the Bible and the Christ are 
 realized in so far as a fair test of the same is made. 
 
 MATTHEW FONTAINE MAURY. 
 
 Scientist and Hydrographer. (1806-1873.) 
 
 HAVE always found in my scientific studies, that, 
 
 when I could get the Bible to say anything on the 
 
 subject it afforded me a firm platform to stand upon, 
 
 and a round in the ladder by which I could safely 
 
 ascend. 
 
 As our knowledge of nature and her laws has increased, so 
 has our knowledge of many passages of the Bible improved. 
 The Bible called the earth " the round world," yet for ages 
 it was the most damnable heresy for Christian men to say 
 that the world is round ; and, finally, sailors circumnavigated 
 the globe, and proved the Bible to be right, and saved Chris- 
 tian men of science from the stake. — '''' Physical Geography 
 of the Sea^^^ by Matthew Fontaine Maury. 
 
 CHARLES MACKAY. 
 
 Scottish Poet. (1814-1889.) 
 
 HEY listened with holy raptures on every scene de- 
 scribed by the Evangelists. To them it was bliss 
 indeed to drink the clear waters of the Jordan, or be 
 baptized where John had baptized our Saviour. They 
 wandered with awe and pleasure in the purlieus of the tem- 
 ple, on the solemn mount of Olives, or the awful Calvary, 
 where a God had bled and died for sinful men. — *' The Cru- 
 sades^'' in Volume /, "'Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular 
 Delusions. ' ' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 3II 
 
 HUGH McCALMONT, 
 
 (LORD CAIRNS,) 
 
 Irish Lawyer; Twice Lord High Chancellor of England. 
 (1819-1885.) 
 
 I KING justified by faith we have peace with God 
 through our Lord Jesus Christ." Our one object 
 should be to testify our love to Him. God help us 
 all in this room, and every one else, to live in this 
 faith, and to die in this faith, for Jesus Christ's sake. '' God 
 so loved the world that he gave His only begotten Son, that 
 whosoever believeth in Him should not perish, but have 
 eternal life " — ETERNAL, ETERNAL life ! It is necessary for 
 each one of us to follow in the steps of our great Master. 
 Let nothing come between us and this. — ''Brief Memoirs 
 of Hugh McCahnont^ First Earl of Cairns (\%Z^^^' pages 81 
 and 82. 
 
 HUGH McCURDY. 
 
 Most Eminent Commander of Knights Templar. 
 
 c^ 
 
 y^^^OUR favor, asking for an expression of my 
 '-jW faith in "Christ and the Bible" was re- 
 
 2 ^vS^ ceived. I give it to you with pleasure : I believe 
 in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven 
 and earth : and in Jesus Christ His only Son our Lord : 
 who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin 
 Mary: suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead 
 and buried : He descended into hell : the third day He 
 rose again from the dead: He ascended into heaven and 
 sitteth on the right hand of God the Almighty Father: 
 from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the 
 dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost: the holy Church: the 
 Communion of the Saints: the forgiveness of sins: the 
 Resurrection of the body : and the Life everlasting. Amen. 
 
 
312 CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN, 
 
 Major-General of the United States Army. (1826-1885.) 
 
 IS creed was clear as crystal, more steadfast than the 
 hills — the faith once delivered to the saints. With 
 his intellectual powers, which were of the highest, 
 and with his heart, which was supremely gentle, he 
 was a follower of Jesus Christ, in whom he believed as God, 
 of God. — See ^^Biographical Sketch of George B. McClel- 
 lan^^'^ by W, C. Prime ^ in ^^ McClellarCs Ow7i Story,''^ 
 
 WOLFGANG MENZEL, 
 
 German Historian, Poet and Critic. (1798-1873.) 
 
 ;N the midst of the tumult of nations, Christianity, the 
 spirit of eternal peace, appeared like a celestial bow 
 hanging unmoved. The Gospel was preached East 
 and West by the followers of our Saviour, who sealed 
 their profession by a martyr's death. Though cruelly perse- 
 cuted by Roman emperors, Christianity rose again with ren- 
 ovated strength. Before its doctrines, replete with eternal 
 truth, the dark fables of paganism fell. . . . False in- 
 terpretation of figurative expressions with which the Word 
 of God abounds has ever been due to ignorance or willful 
 perversion. — Part I V^ Volume I^ ''MenzeVs Germany,'''' 
 
 WILLIAM F. McDowell, 
 
 Chancellor of the University of Denver. 
 
 ^HE truest philosophy, the noblest poetry, the highest 
 ethics, the most fascinating history, the richest biog- 
 raphy, the most spiritual devotional literature are in 
 the Bible. Sir Walter Scott's judgment has never 
 been reversed : '' There is but one Book ! " Its principal char- 
 acter is Jesus Christ. He is the chief Person of history. 
 There is no other perfect man ; there is no other Saviour. 
 
 ^X UMVtH>^i^-^ 
 
THEODORE ROOSEVELT, 
 
 Twenty-sixth President of the United States. 
 
 EARLY every man who has added to the sum of human achievement has 
 based his life-work on biblical teachings. Our greatest men in large num- 
 bers have been diligent students of the Bible. Lincoln mastered it so that 
 he became almost " a man of one book." From cover to cover you will not 
 find a line that can be construed into an apology for a man of brains to sin against 
 the light. The Lord's work can be done only by the man who is neither a weakling 
 nor a coward; by the man who in the fullest sense of the word is a true Christian. 
 I plead for a wider and deeper study of this Book, which in every civilized tongue 
 is known as " THE BjOK." — Oyster Bay,Ju7ie ii, 1901. See a/so page 381. 
 
AMERICA'S THIRD MARTYRED PRESIDENT. 
 
 IS last words: "My wife, be careful about her; don't let her 
 know. Let no one hurt him (the assassin) ! " — To Secretary Cor- 
 telyou after the assassmation. 
 
 When placed on the operating table, he said to his surgeons: 
 " I am in your hands." Then he closed his lips in silent prayer. Tlicy 
 began to open, while he repeated the Lord's Prayer in broken sentences: 
 " Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven ! . . . 
 Thy will be done ! For Thine is the kingdom, and the power and the 
 glory forever, Amen!" — Exposition Hospital, Buffalo, September 6, 1901. 
 " Nearer, my God, to Thee, e'en though it be a cross ! " " Good-bye, 
 all; good-bye. It is God's way! His will be done ! " — The Preside?! fs 
 dying words, MiLbiirn Mansion, September 14, 1901. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 313 
 
 WILLIAM McKlNLEY,* 
 
 (1843-1901.) 
 ^~v 1 Twenty-fourth President of the United States. 
 
 )ET me repeat the oath administered by the Chief Jus- 
 tice: *'I will faithfully administer the office of the 
 President of the United States. . . ." This is 
 the obligation I have reverently taken before the Lord 
 this day. To keep it will be my single purpose and my 
 prayer. — See Inaugural Address^ March \^ 1897. 
 
 Lincoln, like Washington, illustrated in his administration 
 faith in God. On March 4, 1861, he said: "Intelligence, 
 patriotism, Christianity, and a firm reliance upon Him who 
 has never forgotten this favored land are still competent to 
 adjust in the best way all our present difficulties." — From a 
 Talk before the Baptist Young People's Union^ Lakeside^ O., 
 Jtdy 4, 1892. 
 
 Yes, and I could not stand it if I did not feel that I was 
 doing the work of my Master. — In reply to the question^ '^ Are 
 you not weary ? ' * 
 
 I have not done my duty ; I have sinned ; I want to be a 
 Christian ; I believe religion to be the best thing in all the 
 world. I give myself to the Saviour who has done so much 
 for me. I have found the pearl of great price. — His confes- 
 sion of faith when a boy of 14, 
 
 EXECUTIVE MANSION. 
 
 Washington, May 26, 1899 • 
 My belief embraces the Divinity of 
 Christ and a recognition of Christi- 
 anity as the mightiest factor in the 
 world ' s civilization. 
 
 ^ 
 
 rf^i^r i^> y^ /^ 
 
 *This is the verse kissed by the President when Chief- 
 Justice Fuller administered to him the oath of office: 
 " Give me more wisdom and knowledge that I may go out 
 and come in before this people ; for who can judge this, 
 Thy people, that is so great." — I Chronicles, i: lo. See En- 
 graving, entitled " The United States a Christian Nation." 
 
314 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM ALEXANDER McARTHUR, 
 
 Member of British Parliament since 1887. 
 
 ■IVIIvIZATION, commerce, art, science and literature 
 '^^ are all dependent upon the success of Christianity. 
 What we know as Christians is what the 
 Bible says. Though it may not teach us about sci- 
 ence, it is the only book to teach us about the future life. 
 Think what Galileo said to his persecutors! When they 
 thought that his idea of the planetary system was unscrip- 
 tural, he said: "The Bible was not given to teach us how 
 the heavens go, but to teach us how to go to heaven. "-^ 
 Volume /, Report of Missionary Co7iference^ London^ 1888. 
 
 JOHN McLEAN, 
 
 Justice of the United States Supreme Court, 1829-1861. 
 (1785-1861.) 
 
 SIDE from Revelation, darkness rests upon the world 
 and upon the future. We know not that there is a 
 God, a heaven, or a hell, or any day of general 
 account, when the wicked and the righteous shall be 
 judged. The Bible has shed a glorious light upon the world. 
 It shows us that in the coming day we must answer for the 
 deeds done in the body. It has opened to us a new and 
 living way. The price paid for our redemption shows the 
 value of our immortal souls. — To the American Bible Society^ 
 Chapel Wood, November 4, 1852. 
 
 LORENZO DE MEDICI, 
 
 Prince of Florence ; Poet and Patron of Art and Literature. (1448-1492.) 
 PRAISE TO THE REDEEMER. 
 
 FOLLOW that fervor, O devoted spirit, 
 
 With which thy Saviour's goodness fires thy breast ; • 
 Go where it draws, and when it calls, oh, hear it ; 
 It is thy Shepherd's voice, and leads to rest.' 
 
 In this, thy new devotedness of feeling. 
 
 Suspicion, envy, anger, have no claim ; 
 Sure hope is highest happiness revealing. 
 
 With peace and gentleness and purest fame. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 315 
 
 Leave them to say, " This people's meditation 
 Is vain and idle ! " Sit with ear and eye 
 
 Fixed upon Christ, in child-like dedication, 
 O thou inhabitant of Bethany ! 
 
 GEORGE GORDON MEADE, 
 
 Major General of the United States Army. (1815-1872.) 
 
 or earth who could help him. 
 the Christian faith. 
 
 .HROUGH the kind- 
 ness of his son, Col- 
 >C onel George Meade, 
 these facts have been 
 obtained: ^' Death came sud- 
 denly, with the sound of a 
 foot-fall. There were a few 
 days when friends waited 
 on medical skill, but his 
 heart was on the country 
 whither he was going. He 
 looked to the Saviour, who 
 was the only one in Heaven 
 He died in the triumphs of 
 
 HUDSON MAXIM, 
 
 Inventor of the Maxim Gun. 
 
 IVILIZATION and Christianity go hand in hand. 
 Whatever helps to spread civilization also helps to 
 spread the teachings of our Lord. We may often 
 serve the Captain of our salvation by becoming good 
 soldiers. The Christian armies that drove back the invading 
 Moors rendered their Master better service than had they fled 
 before the advancing Turks. Should China threaten Chris- 
 tendom, is there a single soldier of the Cross who would not 
 shoulder his gun and fight for religion and home? — The 
 Christian Herald, New York^ October 30, 1 901. 
 
3l6 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WESLEY MERRITT, 
 
 Major-General of United States Army. 
 
 ,HE principles of life as taught in the Bible, the in- 
 spired Word, and exemplified in the matchless Life 
 of Him "who spake as never man spake," are the 
 rules of moral action which have resulted in civiliz- 
 ing the world. 
 
 The testimony of great men, like Gladstone and his fellow 
 statesmen; like Havelock and his fellow soldiers, who have 
 made the teachings of the Scriptures their rule of conduct in 
 life, are wonderful helps to men of lesser note and smaller 
 intellectual and moral powers. One example, even of the 
 smallest of these, more than offsets the efforts of an hundred 
 unbelievers in active opposition. They are the worthy fol- 
 lowers of the religion of the Bible, and in their daily lives 
 interpret the inimitable example and Divine precepts of the 
 Son of God, our Saviour. 
 
 /W 
 
 A 
 
 JOSEPH FRANCOIS MICHAUD, 
 
 French Journalist and Publicist. (1767-1839.) 
 
 HAT land consecrated by the presence of the Saviour, 
 that mountain whereon He had expiated our sins by 
 His sufferings, that tomb in which he deigned to be 
 inclosed as a victim to death, had all become the her- 
 itage of the impious. God had no longer a sanctuary in His 
 own city ; the East, the cradle of the Christian religion, now 
 witnessed nothing but sacrilegious pomps; impiety had 
 spread its darkness over all the countries of Asia. — ''^ Peter ^ 
 the Hermit of the Crusades ^^^ by Joseph Francois Michaud. 
 

 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 317 
 
 CINCINNATUS MINER MILLER, 
 
 ("JOAQUIN MILLER,") 
 
 Poet and Author. 
 CHRIST'S GREAT LESSON OF CHARITY. 
 
 LL crushed and stone-cast in behavior, 
 She stood as a marble would stand; 
 Then the Saviour bent down, and the Saviour 
 In silence wrote on in the sand. 
 
 What wrote He ? How fondly one lingers 
 And questions what holy command 
 
 Fell down from the beautiful fingers 
 Of Jesus, like gems in the sand. 
 
 He arose and He look'd on the daughter 
 
 Of Eve, like a delicate flower. 
 And he heard the revilers that brought her — 
 
 Men stormy, and strong as a tower ; 
 
 And He said, " She has sinn'd ; let the blameless. 
 
 Come forward and cast the first stone ! " 
 But they, they fled, shamed, and yet shameless,. 
 And she, she stood white and alone. 
 
 Who now shall accuse and arraign us ? 
 
 What man shall condemn and disown ? 
 Since Christ has said only the stainless 
 
 Shall cast at his fellows a stone. 
 
 FRANCIS MARION.* 
 
 Major-General in the Revolution. (1732-1795.) 
 
 HO can doubt that God created us to be happy, and 
 thereto made us to love one another? It is plainly- 
 written as the Gospel. The heart is sometimes 
 so embittered that nothing but Divine love can 
 sweeten it, so enraged that devotion can only becalm it, and 
 
3l8 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ^o broken down that it takes all the forces of heavenly hope 
 to raise it. In short, the religion of Jesus Christ is the only 
 sure and controlling power over sin.— "Z^/^ of General Fran- 
 cis Marion,^ ^ by General Horry and Mason L. Weems. 
 
 *He was the perfect idea of a Christian gentleman.— Pa^^ 209, Volume 
 JV, ''Appleton's Cyclopcsdia of American Biographyy 
 
 HUGH MILLER, 
 
 Scottish Geologist and Author. (1802-1856.) 
 
 T^JS^^ length, in the fullness of time, the Messiah comes, 
 ^^[qV and in satisfying the law, and in fulfilling all right- 
 ^ ^v ^ousness, and in bringing life and immortality to 
 light, abundantly shows forth that the terminal dy- 
 nasty of all creation had been of old foreordained, ere the 
 foundations of the world, to possess for its eternal Lord and 
 Monarch, not primeval man, created in the image of God, but 
 Ood, made manifest in the flesh, in the form of primeval 
 man. — Chapter on ^^ Geology in its Bearings on the Two The- 
 d)logies^'' in ^' Testimony of the Rocks ^^'' by Hugh Miller. 
 
 H. 
 
 DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH, 
 
 British General-in-Chief; Hero of Blenheim. (1650-1722.) 
 
 <0R the Christian religion, to the support of which, by 
 )J^j^ the help of Almighty God, I will venture my last drop 
 of blood. 
 
 I shall conclude, begging you to consider how to 
 "bring me out of my difficulties and never leave my service 
 for Jesus Christ's sake, — To Queen Anne ; Volumes i and 2, 
 ' ' Memoirs of the Duke of Marlborough^ ' ' by William Coxe, 
 
 Note. — He was a firm believer in the truths of the Christian Revelation, 
 lience he was faithful in his attendance at Divine service. He labored to 
 impress his troops with the same sense of religion which he entertained. 
 Previous to a battle prayers were offered up at the head of each regiment. 
 ' — Page 43T, Volume II 0/ the same authority as above. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 319 
 
 JOHN STUART MILL,* ^ 
 
 British Philosopher and Political Economist. (1806-1873.) 
 
 T is Christ, rather than God, whom Christianity has 
 held up to believers as the pattern of perfection for 
 humanity. It is the God incarnate — more than the- 
 God of the Jews — who, being idealized, has taken sa 
 great and salutary a hold on the modern mind. And what- 
 ever else may be taken away from us by rational criticism, 
 Christ is still left a unique figure. — Page 2^^^'' Three Es- 
 says on Religion^ ' ' by John Stuart Mill, 
 
 *At the time of his death, John Stuart Mill became a Christian. The 
 physician — an Englishman, who attended him in his last illness at Avig- 
 non, Italy — affirms that he died a believer in Christ, but as a professional 
 man declined to give the details. — H. C. G. Moule, Trinity College, Prin- 
 cipal of Ridley Hall, Cambridge. 
 
 fin all circumstances of life in which you may be placed endeavor to 
 act as though you would win the approval of Jesus of Nazareth. — Page 
 409, Review of Reviews, October, 1894. 
 
 RICHARD MONCKTON MILNES, 
 
 C'LORD HOUGHTON,") 
 
 English Statesman and Writer. (1809-1885.) 
 
 V^ A SELECTION. 
 
 ^ yrOHAMMED'S truth lay in a holy book, 
 - ^yjL Christ's in a sacred life. 
 
 "^^ 
 
 So while the world rolls on from change to change, 
 
 And realms of thought expand, 
 The letter stands without expanse or range, 
 
 Stiff as a dead man's hand. 
 
 While, as the life-blood fills the growing form, 
 
 The spirit Christ has shed 
 Flows through the ripening ages fresh and warm. 
 
 More felt than heard or read. 
 
320 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN MILTON, 
 
 English Poet. (1608-1674 ) 
 
 'jET US all go, every 
 
 true protested Briton, 
 
 '^ throughout the three 
 
 kingdoms, and render 
 
 thanks, to God, the Father 
 
 of light, and fountain of 
 
 heavenly grace, and to His 
 
 Son, Christ the Lord. — See 
 
 " Miltojt's Animadversions 
 
 upon the Reply of Smectym- 
 
 niius^ 
 
 No man or angel can 
 know how God would be 
 worshiped and served unless God reveal it: He hath re- 
 vealed and taught it us in the Holy Scriptures by inspired 
 ministers, and in the Gospel by His own Son, and His 
 apostles, with strictest command to reject all other traditions 
 or additions whatever. — Milton^ s ^^True Religion^ Heresy^ 
 Schism , Toleration . ' ' 
 
 ORMSBY MACKNIGHT MITCHEL, 
 
 Astronomer; Major-General in Civil War. (1810-1862.) 
 
 >ET US turn to the language of the Bible; it furnishes 
 the only vehicle to express the thoughts which over- 
 \^ whelm us, and we break out involuntarily in the lan- 
 guage of God's own inspiration: "Have ye not known, 
 hath it not been told to you from the beginning, have ye not 
 understood from the foundation of the earth? It is He who 
 sitteth upon the circle of the earth, that stretcheth out the 
 heavens like a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to 
 
 c 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. ^ 32I 
 
 dwell in. Lift up your eyes on high, and behold. Who hath 
 created all these things, that bringeth out their host by num- 
 ber? It is He who meted out the heavens with a span, and 
 comprehended the dust of the earth in a measure, and 
 weighed the mountains in scales and the hills in balances. 
 It is He who stretcheth out the north over the empty place, 
 and hangeth the earth upon nothing. He telleth the number 
 of the stars. He calleth them all by their names." — Front 
 his book^ " The Astronomy of the Bible. ''^ 
 
 COUNT HELMUTH VON MOLTKE, 
 
 - ^ Prussian Field Marshal. ( 1800-1890.) 
 
 OD comfort and preserve the other children if the 
 dreadful sickness takes a malignant form. But God 
 gives and takes away, and we must be comforted to 
 know that nothing happens but according to His 
 will. I can give you no comfort, nor can anyone, but only 
 your religious feelings and trust in Christ. May God com- 
 fort you and help you through the first bitter days! 
 Your Affectionate and Faithful Brother, 
 
 Helmuth. 
 — To his brother^ Adolph. 
 
 The memory of so many thousands of the noblest men 
 of Germany, France, and Italy, of so many millions of de- 
 vout Christians, who willingly sacrificed their property and 
 their lives in order that they might set foot on the conse- 
 crated soil of Palestine, drink from the waters of the Jordan, 
 and behold the city — all have been hitherto counted in the 
 circulation of the European Cabinets as so much empty 
 moonshine. Jerusalem, and the grave of our Redeemer, 
 Syria and the fate of the Christian population, have been 
 once more abandoned to the infidels, and the reins of gov- 
 ernment placed in trembling hands, from which they threat- 
 en to fall every moment. — Page 290, Volume /, of ^^■Essays^ 
 Speeches^ and Memorials of Field Marshal Von Moltket*' 
 
322 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CHARLES DE SECONDAT MONTESQUIEU, 
 
 French Jurist and Philosopher. (1689-1755.) 
 
 HAVE always respected religion ; the morality of the 
 Gospel is the noblest gift ever bestowed by God on 
 man. 
 
 We shall see that we owe to Christianity, in gov- 
 ernment, a certain political law, and in war a certain law of 
 nations — benefits which human nature can never sufficiently 
 acknowledge. 
 
 The Christian religion is a stranger to mere despotic 
 power. The mildness so frequently recommended in the 
 Gospel is incompatible with the despotic rage with which a 
 prince punishes his subjects, and exercises himself in cru- 
 elty. — See Book XXIV of ^^ Spirit of Laws^^'' by Charles De 
 Secondat Mojttesquieu. 
 
 CLEMENS WENZESLAUS METTERNICH. 
 
 Prince; Diplomat; First Minister of Austria, 1809-1848. 
 (1773-1859-) 
 
 HAVE read every day one or two chapters of the 
 Bible. I daily discover new beauties in it, and I 
 prostrate myself before this admirable Book. Now 
 I believe it and do not criticise it. — See his 
 Autobiography. 
 
 MICHEL EYQUEM SEGNEUR MONTAIGNE, 
 
 French Essayist and Philosopher. (1533-1592.) 
 
 JNCE, by a particular favor of the Divine bounty, a 
 certain form of prayer has been prescribed and dic- 
 tated to us, word by word, from the mouth of God 
 Himself, I have ever been of the opinion that we 
 ought to have it in more frequent use than we yet have ; and, 
 if I were worthy to advise, at the sitting down and rising 
 from our tables, at our rising and going to bed, and in every 
 particular action, wherein prayer is required, I wish that 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. ' 323 
 
 Christians always made use of our Lord's Prayer. 'Tis the 
 only prayer I use in all places and conditions. 
 
 It is not without very good reason, in my opinion, that 
 the Church interdicts the promiscuous, indiscreet and irrev- 
 erent use of the holy and Divine Psalms, with which the Holy 
 Ghost inspired King David. We ought not to mix God 
 in our actions but with the highest reverence and caution. 
 . . . Neither is it decent to see the Holy Bible, the rule 
 of our worship and belief, tumbled up and down the hall or 
 kitchen. They were formerly mysterious, but are now be- 
 come sports and recreations. 'Tis a Book too serious and too 
 venerable to be cursorily or lightly turned over. — '''' Mon- 
 taigpx'^s Essais^^'' b. i. 56. 
 
 EDWIN MARKHAM, 
 
 Poet and Educator. 
 
 [^B has come ! the skies are telling ; 
 
 He has quit the glorious dwelling ; pierd folk. 
 
 And first the tidings came to us, the humble shep- 
 He has come to field and manger, 
 And no more is God a Stranger : [crooked yoke. 
 He comes as Common Man at home with cart and 
 
 GEORGE MOORE, 
 
 English Financier and Philanthropist. {1806-1876.) 
 
 WAS delighted to find that Charles Dickens was sound 
 upon the Gospel. I found him to be a true Christian 
 without great profession. 
 
 I have no wavering about the inspiration of the 
 Word; no picking and choosing amid alleged myths; no 
 paring down of the atonement. 
 
 I believe the Gospel. I love the Lord Jesus Christ. I re- 
 ceive with confidence the promise, that " He that heareth 
 my word and believeth Him that sent Me hath everlasting 
 life, and shall not come unto condemnation, but is passed 
 from death unto life." — Extracts from '^The Successful 
 Merchant, ' ' by Samuel Smiles. 
 
324 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 LOWELL MASON, 
 
 Church-Music Composer. (1792-1872.) 
 
 VERY worshiper should unite in song. With eyes 
 fixed on the book, the words and tones on his tongue, 
 and his soul lifted up to our Lord and Saviour, he 
 should be uninterruptedly alone with God; as much 
 so in spirit as if he were alone, with his door shut, offering 
 prayer to the Father who seeth in secret. — ' ' Song Worships ' ' 
 by Lowell Mason. 
 
 JAMES MONTGOMERY, 
 
 Scottish Poet. ( 1 771-1854.) 
 
 A VISIT TO BETHLEHEM IN SPIRIT. 
 
 O ^AITH through the veil of flesh can see 
 r iQ '^^^ ^^'^^ ^^ '^hy divinity, 
 
 My Lord, my God, my Saviour ! 
 
 THE BIBLE. 
 
 Is there a Guide to show" that path ? 
 The Bible. He alone who hath 
 
 The Bible need not stray; 
 Yet he who hath and will not give 
 That heavenly Guide to all that live, 
 
 Himself shall lose the way. 
 
 SIR THOMAS MORE, 
 
 British Philosopher and Statesman. (1478-1535.) 
 
 WOULD think of nothing else hereafter but of the 
 bitter passion of our blessed Saviour, and of my exit 
 out of this miserable world. God only is the judge 
 
 • of the secrets of our hearts. — I^rom ^'' Notes of his 
 Life ^^^ page 109, by Sir Thomas More. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ALFRED THAYER MAHAN, 
 
 Captain in the United States Navy; Author. 
 
 PON the Bible my life rests for whatsoever is good 
 and strong. Convinced that Christ is the Son of 
 God, in the deepest sense attributed to those words, 
 I not only find in this belief all the power of my 
 life, but, in the account of His personality, an intellectual 
 -satisfaction that surpasses any other in its inexhaustible fresh- 
 ness, daily renewing my strength, and throwing an ever- 
 increasing light upon the problems and difficulties of life. 
 It is this intellectual satisfaction that most impresses me; 
 that the teaching of Jesus Christ contains a philosophy of life 
 in fullest accord with experience, and also inexhaustible, in 
 that its revelation is continuous. While the faith in His 
 teaching thus meets all my mental exigencies, I in no way 
 derogate from its supernatural sanctions. He is to me one 
 who speaks with authority no less than Divine, to whom I 
 submit where I do not understand. 
 
 >5^ 
 
 THOMAS MOORE. 
 
 Irish Poet. (1779-1852.) 
 LORD, WHO SHALL BEAR THAT DAY. 
 
 )ORD, who shall bear that day, so dread, so splendid. 
 
 tWhen we shall see Thy angel hovering o'er 
 ^, This sinful world, with hand to Heaven extended. 
 
 And hear him swear by Thee that time's no more ? 
 When earth shall feel Thy fast consuming ray— 
 Who, mighty God, oh, who shall bear that day ? 
 
 When through the world thy awful call hath sounded- 
 " Wake, all ye dead, to judgment wake, ye dead ! " 
 
 And from the clouds, by seraphs' eyes surrounded. 
 The Saviour shall put forth His radiant head ; 
 
 While earth and Heaven before Him pass away — 
 Who, mighty God, oh, who shall bear that day? 
 
326 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SAMUEL MORLEY, 
 
 English Merchant and Philanthropist. (1809-1886.) 
 
 .HE Bible will make its own way, and do its own 
 work. It is its own best witness. Let us hold fast 
 then by the Bible, with no wavering faith, but man- 
 fully stand up for it in the family, in the pulpit, and 
 in the pew. It was never more powerful than at the present 
 time ; never more popular among the common people. Faith 
 in His Word is what God is teaching us as our first duty. 
 
 Book of God and the God of books ! The Bible is the 
 light and life of our dwelling. The home-life of this coun- 
 try owes everything that is pure and true to the Word of 
 God. No false religion fosters the virtues of a happy fire- 
 side. I believe that in putting into missionary hands the 
 Bible, you give the key by which the dark places of the 
 earth may be opened to the light. The best evidence of the 
 Divine origin of the Bible is the life of those who are living 
 up to its precepts. — Page 458 of his Life^ by Hodder. 
 
 ELIJAH A. MORSE, 
 
 C\ rj Congressman and Manufacturer. 
 
 OU ask my personal opinion of Christ and the Bible. 
 
 -\\ I answer that all other books may be ten thousand 
 
 lanterns, but they are not the sun. One of my 
 ^ illustrious and distinguished predecessors in the 
 
 Congress of the United States, John Quincy Adams, " the 
 old man eloquent," who, after being President of the United 
 States, said, as he drew near the close of his active career, 
 that it had been his habit through life to spend an hour 
 each day in the reading of the Holy Scriptures. We grad- 
 uate in other studies, in Arithmetic, Geography, History, 
 Philosophy, and Science, but never in this Book, the in- 
 spired truths of which shine on with an unchanging lustre. 
 You ask: ''What think ye of Christ?" What a ring is 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 327 
 
 from which the diamond has been lost ; what the clothes of 
 a child are to a child who is dead, that is the Bible without 
 Christ, or a Christless life, ^-v ^ ^ 
 
 SAMUEL FINLEY BREESE MORSE, 
 
 Inventor of the Telegraph. (1791-1872.) 
 
 HE nearer I approach to the end of my pilgrimage 
 the clearer is the evidence of the Divine origin of the 
 Bible, the grandeur and sublimity of God's remedy 
 for fallen man are more appreciated, and the future 
 is illuminated with hope and joy. — To his grandson^ Dres- 
 den, 1868. 
 
 It can not be long before all this will be over. I feel con- 
 stantly the necessity of letting go of the world and taking a 
 stronger hold on heaven. The Saviour daily seems more 
 precious to me; His love. His atonement and His Divine 
 power are themes which occupy my mind through the wake- 
 ful hours of night. — To his brother, Paris, 1868. Pages 
 734> 735) "^?/^ of Samuel F. B. Morse,^^ by Samuel I. 
 Prime. 
 
 A. J. McLAUREN, 
 
 Governor of Mississippi. 
 
 BELIEVE in the Trinity, God the Father, God the 
 Son, and God the Holy Spirit. I believe in the 
 Bible as the inspired Word of God. 
 
 LEVI PARSONS MORTON, 
 
 Congressman; Ambassador to France; Vice-President 
 United States. 
 
 DECLARE for orthodox Christianity and its Divine 
 
328 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR DONALD FRIELL McLEOD, 
 
 Late Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab. (1810-1871.) 
 
 Christians, since the days of Christ, have been eager 
 to inquire the necessity of the second birth. Our 
 ^-Q^ Saviour repeated this doctrine of regeneration three 
 times almost in the same breath: **Ye must be born 
 again!" . . . Remember, however, that no confidence 
 is placed in the merits of our action ; the conviction arises 
 solely from having placed entire trust in our Redeemer. — 
 Page 124," Twelve Indian Statesmen^ ' ' by George Smith, 
 
 GEORGE PERKINS MORRIS, 
 
 Poet and Journalist. (1802-1864.) 
 
 THY WILL BE DONE. 
 
 i-^ 
 
 (T^IVER of all ! for every good 
 ^y In the Redeemer came ; 
 
 For raiment, shelter, and for food 
 I thank Thee in His name. 
 
 Father, and Son, and Holy Ghost! 
 
 Thou glorious three in one! 
 Thou knowest best what I need most, 
 
 And let Thy will be done. 
 
 MY BIBLE. 
 
 Thou truest friend man ever knew, 
 
 Thy constancy I've tried; 
 When all were false I found thee true, 
 
 My counsellor and guide. 
 The mines of earth no treasures give 
 
 That could this volume buy; 
 In teaching me the way to live, 
 
 It taught me how to die ! 
 
 W11.UAM THE Conqueror, King of England (1027- 
 1087): May her holy intercession reconcile me to the dear 
 Son, our Lord Jesus Christ. — Last words. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 329 
 
 SIR LEWIS MORRIS, 
 
 British Poet. 
 
 ;IS nigh two thousand years 
 
 Since came the Prince of Peace ; 
 Return Thou, calm our fears, 
 
 Make strife and war to cease. 
 Thick clouds today of doubt 
 Obscure our faithful sight, 
 Shine, Blessed Sun, shine out, 
 The storms of Passion still. 
 Again, O hidden Well, 
 The wintry earth fulfill 
 With Peace and Light. 
 
 Christmas, 1898. 
 
 <: 
 
 tAATLa iALt^rt^ 
 
 HENRY MORTON, 
 
 President of Stevens College of Technology. 
 
 .HE past conflicts of science and religion have been 
 fought over errors on one side or the other arising; 
 from dogmatism on each side as to matters outside its 
 own range of knowledge, and in place of an inevit- 
 able conflict in the future we have reason to look for a grad- 
 ually developed and perfect agreement as each other comes 
 nearer the truth. The dream of poets, the lesson of priest 
 and prophet, is confirmed in the light of modern knowledge; 
 and as we gird ourselves for the work of life we may look 
 forward to the time when in the truest sense the kingdoms of 
 this world shall become the kingdoms of Christ, and He shall 
 reign forever and ever. King of kings, and Lord of lords. 
 
 ^^^um( > S\iVW 
 
330 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 OLIVER PERRY MORTON, 
 
 Statesman ; Indiana War Governor. (1823-1877.) 
 
 kOK the sympathy expressed for me by the people at 
 home, I am most grateful, and you are right when you 
 say that I deeply appreciate the prayers which have 
 been offered up by the praying friends whom I have 
 left behind. I am no infidel. I was educated by pious 
 grandparents to a professed belief in Christianity, and was 
 taught to reverence holy things. And I have never fallen 
 into disbelief, nor have I been the immoral man some would 
 have the world believe. The Christian gentleman is the 
 noblest and loveliest character on earth, for which I entertain 
 the highest respect and love. I recognize the hand of Provi- 
 dence in all the affairs of men, and believe there is a Divine 
 economy which regulates the lives and conduct of nations. 
 — Pages 184 and 185 <?/'" Life and Character of Oliver Perry 
 Morton^''^ by Charles M. Walker. 
 
 JOHN LOTHROP MOTLEY, 
 
 Historian and Diplomat. , 1814-1877.) 
 
 .HE following is an extract from a letter to Dean Stan- 
 ley: '' How glad I am that your mind and body are 
 both vigorous and fresh, notwithstanding the great 
 calamity which God has sent upon you. . . . The 
 delicate and masterly manner in which you have traced out 
 the connection between the ideas of the one invisible God 
 revealing Himself at many intervals of time and space, and 
 through different races, to the highest of what we call human 
 intellect ; and the idea of a future life unknown and unim- 
 aginable conditions, is to me most striking. Intense love 
 seems to me to annihilate death, and love is the foundation 
 of the Christian revelation." — Vol. 11 of his correspondence. 
 These lines appear on the stone where all that is mortal 
 .rests : 
 
PRESIDENTS AND 
 
 PROFESSORS OF 
 
 UNIVERSITIES. 
 
 Franklin Carter, 
 
 Merrill E. Gates, 
 
 Page 7s- 
 
 Page 167. 
 
 Edward Olney, 
 
 Lewis Swift, 
 
 Page 344. 
 
 Page 441. 
 
 David S. Jordan, 
 
 Joseph Le Conte, 
 
 Page 260. 
 
 Page Tj8. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 33! 
 
 JOHN LOTHROP MOTLEY, 
 Born at Dorchester, Mass., April 15, 18 14. 
 Died near Dorchester, Dorset, May 29, 1877. 
 In God is light, and in Him is no darkness at all." 
 
 , GEORGE F. MOSHER, 
 
 President of Hillsdale College. 
 
 BELIEVE that Jesus Christ came from God to teach 
 the world the way to God, and that no way leads 
 • there so directly as the way He has pointed out in?. 
 the Inspired Word. I believe that He was the great- 
 est Philosopher, and His religion is the truest philosophy 
 that the world has ever seen, or will ever see. 
 
 VALENTINE MOTT, 
 
 Physician and Surgeon. (1785-1865.) 
 
 ^F my life shall be taken suddenly, as I believe it wilf^ 
 my family may know that my implicit faith and 
 hope is in a merciful Redeemer, who is the Resurrec- 
 tion and the Life. Amen and Amen. — A memorandum^ 
 found among his private papers after death. 
 
 What a span of life I have attained to ! How thankful I 
 am, and ought to be, for so great a Divine favor ! My desire 
 is to live that I may worship and enjoy, for the balance of 
 my life, a feeling of the presence of my Almighty Father, 
 and that through my Lord and Saviour I may be brought to 
 partake of a small portion of His everlasting happiness. If 
 for no temporary object my life has been spared, one thing I 
 am sure of — that I have lived to be changed from a sceptic to 
 a full believer in the Divinity of my Saviour. What an un- 
 speakable felicity awaits those who put their trust in Him^ 
 who is truly our Lord and Saviour. — Page 27 in ^''Eulogy on 
 the late Valentine Mott^' by A. C. Post. 
 
332 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART, 
 
 German Musical Composer. (1756-1791.) 
 
 ^T is a great 
 
 consolation 
 
 for me to 
 
 remember 
 that the Lord, to 
 whom I had drawn 
 near in humble and 
 child-like faith, 
 has suffered and 
 died for me, and 
 that He will look 
 on me in love and 
 compassion. 
 
 To a friend he 
 writes from Paris, 
 July 3, 1778: 
 '''Mourn with me! 
 This has been the 
 
 most melancholy day of my life ; I am now writing at two 
 o'clock in the morning. I must tell you that my mother, 
 my darling mother, is no more. God has called her to Him- 
 self; I clearly see that it was His will to take her from us, 
 and I must learn to submit to the will of God. The Lord 
 giveth and the Lord taketh away. ... I am fully con- 
 vinced that God has so ordained it. All I would ask of you 
 at present is, to act the part of a true friend, by preparing 
 father by degrees for this sad intelligence. . . . May 
 God give him strength and courage! My dear friend, I am 
 consoled not only now, but I have been for some time past. 
 By the mercy of God, I have borne it with all firmness and 
 -composure. When the danger became imminent, I prayed 
 my heavenly Father for only two things — a happy death for 
 imy mother, and strength and courage for myself, and our 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 333 
 
 gracious God neard my prayer, and conferred those two 
 boons fully upon me. — Pages 210, 211, Volume /, and 275, 
 276, Volume II, '' The Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart,^'' 
 translated by Lady Wallace. 
 
 CHARLES FORBES DE MONTALEMBERT, 
 
 French Orator, Statesman and Historian. (1810-1870.) 
 
 PLACE myself on the side of the defenders of religion, 
 whoever they may be. I desire to be counted with 
 those who have the Cross of Christ for their standard.^ 
 Postscript : ' ^ Memoir of Comte De Montalembert, 
 Peer of France^^^ by Mrs. Oliphant. 
 
 FRIEDERICH MAX MULLER, 
 
 Professor of German- English Sanscrit, University of 
 Oxford. 
 
 >HUS only can we repeat the words, " In the begin- 
 ning was the Word, and the Word became flesh," not 
 as thoughtless repeaters, but as honest thinkers and 
 believers. The first sentence, *' In the beginning 
 was the Word," requires thought, and thought only; the 
 second, ''and the Logos became flesh," requires faith — faith 
 such as those who knew Jesus had in Jesus. — Page 936, Vol- 
 ume /, " World\s Parlia^nent of Religions,^'' edited by the Rev, 
 fohn Henry Barrows. 
 
 They all say (speaking of the Asiatics) that salvation must 
 be bought with a price, and that the sole price must be our 
 own works and deservings. Our own Bible, our sacred Book 
 from the East, is from beginning to end a protest against this 
 doctrine. Good works are indeed enjoined upon us in that 
 Book, but they are the outcome of a grateful heart — the fruits 
 of our faith. They are never the ransom-money of the true 
 disciple of Christ. Let us teach Hindoos, Buddhists, Mo- 
 hammedans that there is only one sacred Book of the East 
 
334 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 that can be their mainstay in that awful hour when they 
 shall pass alone into the unseen world. It is the sacred Book 
 which contains that faithful saying, worthy to be received of 
 all men, women, and children, that Christ Jesus came into 
 the world to save sinners. — From an Address before the Brit- 
 ish and Foreign Bible Society. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM MUIR, 
 
 Principal of the Universe of Edinburg. 
 
 <OME writers have gone so far as to hold that the 
 religion of Mahomet may be suited to certain por- 
 tions of mankind, as if the faith of Jesus might 
 peaceably divide with the world. With the believer 
 who holds the Gospel to be "good tidings of great joy to all 
 people, *' such a notion is untenable and altogether unintel- 
 ligible. The followers of Mahomet have no knowledge of 
 God as a Father; still less have they knowledge of Him as 
 "Our Father," the God and Father of our lyord Jesus Christ. 
 They acknowledge, indeed, that Jesus was a true prophet 
 sent of God, but they deny his crucifixion and death, and 
 they know nothing of the power of His resurrection. To 
 those who have found redemption in these distinctive truths 
 of the Christian faith, it may be allowed to mourn over the 
 lands in which the light of the Gospel has been quenched, 
 and these blessings blotted out by the material forces of 
 Islam. — ''''-The Rise and Decline of Islani^''^ by Sir William 
 Muir. 
 
 HENRY WILLIAM MASSINGHAM, 
 
 Editor-in-Chief of the Daily Chronicle, London. 
 
 HAVE to say that I regard the Holy Bible as the best 
 Book in the world, and the birth, crucifixion, and 
 resurrection of Jesus Christ as the most important 
 events that have ever happened in the world. 
 
 /f^ . lujx^^^/A^^ 
 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 335 
 
 SIR JOHN MILLAIS, 
 
 C-\y^ Late President of the Royal Academy. (1829-1896.) 
 
 '^ UR Saviour was stoned from the point of view of the 
 common people who saw nothing of His divinity — 
 r>NS^ they saw Him only as an agitator. 
 
 If I wanted to paint a popular picture, I would 
 paint an old man in spectacles, reading the Holy Word by 
 the fireside, and the fire would be reflected on his spectacles. 
 And I would paint a tear, and the fire would be reflected on 
 the tear. — See ''' Millais and His Works^^^ by M. H. Spielman. 
 
 BARTOLME ESTEBAN MURILLO, 
 
 Spanish Painter. (1618-1682.) 
 
 EING infirm in body but sound in will, and in all de. 
 liberate judgment and natural understanding, full 
 and good memory, such as God our Lord vouchsafed 
 to give me, and believing, as I do, firmly and truly 
 in the Divine mystery of the Holy Trinity, Father, Son, and 
 Holy Ghost, three persons really distinct and yet one true 
 God ... I offer and commit my soul to God our Lord, 
 who created and redeemed it with the infinite price of His 
 blood, and whom I humbly supplicate to pardon it and bear 
 it in peace to glory. — Page 96, '^ Artist Biographers,^^ 
 
 FRANCIS MURPHY, 
 
 Temperance Reformer. 
 
 ^O Christ sees His face in yours, if you will but believe 
 in Him ; and wherever you may be, or however de- 
 graded. He, the once crucified, oppressed and bleed- 
 ing, stands ready to fold you in His arms. Yea, He 
 stands and knocks at the door of your heart until His locks 
 are wet with the dew of the night. — Page 222, '* The True 
 Path ; or^ the Murphy Moveme^tt and Gospel Temper arice^ ' ' 
 by J. Samuel Vandersloot. 
 
336 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHANNES VON MULLER. 
 
 Swiss Historian. (1752-1809.) 
 
 DO not know why, two months ago, I took it into my 
 head to read the New Testament, before my studies 
 had advanced to the age in which it was written. I 
 had not read it for many years, and was prejudiced 
 against it before I took it in hand. I have read no book on 
 this subject, but hitherto in all my study of the ancient times 
 I have always felt the want of something, and it was not 
 until I knew our Lord that it was all clear to me ; with Him 
 there is nothing which I am not able to solve. If this relig- 
 ion is not Divine, I understand nothing at all. — ^^Sdmmtliche 
 Werke^^'^ 15, 315, by Johannes von Miiller. ^ 
 
 ALEXANDER MURRAY, 
 
 Scottish Philologist. (1775-1813.) 
 
 kATHER gave me a small Psalm-Book, for which I 
 abandoned the Catechism, which I did not like, and 
 which I tore in two pieces, and concealed in the hole 
 of a dyke. I soon got many Psalms by memory, and 
 longed for a new book. Here difficulties, rose. The Bible, 
 used every night in the family, I was not permitted to open 
 or touch. The rest of the books were put up in chests. I 
 at length got at a New Testament, and read the historical 
 parts with great curiosity and ardor. But I longed to read 
 the Bible, which seemed to me a much more pleasant Book; 
 and I actually went to where I knew an old loose-leaved 
 Bible lay, and carried it away by piecemeal. I perfectly 
 remember the strange pleasure I felt in reading the histo- 
 ries of Abraham and David. I liked mournful narratives; 
 and greatly admired Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Lamenta- 
 tions. I pored over those pieces of the Bible for many 
 months, and as I read constantly and remembered well, I 
 soon astonished all our honest neighbors with the large pas- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 337 
 
 sages of Scripture I repeated before them. I have forgot 
 too much of my biblical knowledge, but I can still rehearse 
 all the names of the Patriarchs from Adam to our Saviour, 
 and various other narratives seldom committed to memory. — 
 Page 363, ^''Library of Entertaining Knowledge?'' 
 
 LINDLEY MURRAY, 
 
 Educator and Author. (1745-1826.) 
 
 ^-V^ OD has freely offered to pardon all our sins, and 
 V^^ receive us into favor, if we sincerely repent, and 
 \'^ unfeignedly believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, the 
 Saviour of the world. In the Revelation of His 
 will to mankind, the great design, conspicuous throughout, 
 is to manifest His love toward our fallen race, and to accom- 
 plish our salvation. — See introduction to '"''Power of Relig- 
 ion^^^ by Linaley Murraw aicthor of an English Grammar. 
 
 WILLIAM MURRAY, 
 
 Earl of Mansfield ; Lord Chief-Justice of England. 
 (1705-1793.) 
 
 HENEVER it shall please Almighty God to call 
 me to that state to which, of all I now enjoy, I can 
 carry one, the satisfaction of my own conscience, 
 and a full reliance upon His mercy through Jesus 
 
 Christ. — A clause in his will. See ^^ Lives of the Chief Justices 
 
 of England^'''' by Lord Campbell. 
 
 THE MARQUIS OF NORTHAMPTON, 
 
 British Philanthropist; President of the T?agged School Union and Shaf- 
 tesbury Society; President of the British and 
 Foreign Bible Society. 
 
 E are one year nearer that glorious moment when 
 
 our blessed Lord shall come again to claim His 
 
 own. May we always be His faithful servants 
 
 while on earth, and may the second coming of 
 
 Jesus Christ, our Saviour, find us all watching and praying. 
 
338 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR ISAAC NEWTON, 
 
 English Philosopher and Mathematician. (1642-1727.) 
 
 .HERE is one God, the 
 Father, ever-living, om- 
 nipresent, omniscient, al- 
 mighty, the Maker of 
 heaven and earth, and one Me- 
 diator between God and man, 
 the man Christ Jesus. . . . 
 To us there is but one God, 
 the Father, of whom are all 
 things, and one Lord Jesus 
 Christ, by whom are all things, 
 and we by Him. That is, we 
 are to worship the Father 
 alone as God Almighty, and 
 Jesus alone as the Lord, the 
 Messiah, the Great King, the Lamb of God who was slain, 
 and hath redeemed us with His blood, and made us kings 
 and priests. — See Sir David Brewster^ s '-''Memoirs of the Life^ 
 Writing s^ and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton ^ 
 
 Though the system of revealed truth which this Book 
 contains is, like that of the universe, concealed from com- 
 mon observation, yet the labors of the centuries have estab- 
 lished its Divine origin. — ^^Life of Sir Isaac Newton^'*'' 
 Volume VI of ' ^ Short Biographies of the People. ' \ 
 
 SIR CHARLES NAPIER, 
 
 British Major-General. (1782-1853.) 
 
 LOOK forward to the time when men will think only 
 of acting right in the eyes of God, for then Christ will 
 rule the world. What result will follow this utter de- 
 feat of evil, God in heaven only knows, but the work 
 will be Christ's work, when He will come to reign over us. — 
 Page 212,*' Sir Charles Napier, ' ' by Col. Sir W. P. Butler. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 339 
 
 JOHN NAPIER, 
 
 Scottish Inventor of Logarithms. (1550-1617.) 
 
 ^ROM henceforth I determined with myself (by the as- 
 sistance of God's Spirit) to employ my studies and 
 diligence to search out the remaining mysteries of 
 that Holy Book, and to this hour (praise be to the 
 Lord) I have been doing it at all such times as conven- 
 iently I might have occasion. — '' To the Godly and Christian 
 Reader ^^^ in the Prefix to his " Plane Discovery.''^ 
 
 NICHOLAS W 
 
 Czar of Russia. 
 
 AM a decided Christian ; but my belief in the Saviour 
 of the world does not entitle me to persecute others 
 on account of their religious convictions. — Special 
 Telegram to the Associated Press of the United States, 
 May my heart be in Thy hand, to accomplish all that is 
 to the profit of the people committed to my charge, and is to 
 Thy glory, that so in the day of judgment I may give Thee 
 account of my stewardship without blame, through the grace 
 and mercy of Thy Son, who was once crucified for me, to 
 whom be all honor and glory with Thee and the Holy Ghost. 
 Amen. — FroTn the Czar^s Coronation Prayer^ May 25, 1896. 
 
 BARTHOLD GEORG NIEBUHR, 
 
 German Historian and Philologist. (1776-1831.) 
 
 ^N my opinion he is not a Christian who does not receive 
 the historical facts of Christ's life in their literal ac- 
 ceptance with all their miracles, as equally authentic 
 with any event in history; . . . who does not 
 consider every doctrine and precept of the New Testa- 
 ment as undoubted Divine Revelation in the sense of 
 Christians of the first century. Moreover, a Christianity after 
 that of the modern philosophers and pantheists, without a per- 
 sonal God, without immortality, without historical faith, is 
 no Christianity at all to mc. — Ancie^tt History^ Vol. I. 
 
340 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CHARLES NORDHOFF, 
 
 Journalist and Author. 
 
 HE Bible whitewashes nobody. When you hear a 
 person speak slightly or contemptuously of the Bible 
 you may safely set him down as an ignoramus. 
 
 Jesus brought "life and immortality to light.'- 
 His life, His doctrines, His death and His resurrection have 
 more profoundly and permanently affected human thought 
 and human society than all the conquerors and philosophers 
 who ever lived. — Extracts from " God and the Future Life^^'' 
 by Charles Nordhoff. 
 
 JOHN NEAL, 
 
 Author. (1793- 1876.) 
 
 AD I not been remonstrated with by a devout and 
 humble Christian mother, I might never have aban- 
 doned the habit of cursing and swearing ; never have 
 gone twice on Sunday to Church, and never have be- 
 come what I profess to be now — a follower of the meek and 
 lowly Jesus. — Page 113 of ''''Wandering Recollections of a 
 Somewhat Busy Life^ 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE THE EARL OF 
 NORTHBROOK, 
 
 Late Viceroy and Governor-General of India. 
 
 ^0-DAY we have not to consider any political ques- 
 tion, but what w^e Christian men and women have 
 been able to do in that country to spread the Gospel 
 of Christ among the fellow subjects of our Queen. . 
 . I should not be doing justice if I did not remind all 
 those present that missionaries in India have always derived 
 the most active aid from some of the ablest and most dis- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 34I 
 
 tinguished men in the service of the East India Company, and 
 of the Crown of India, both civilian and military. Among 
 civilians what greater name is there than that of John Law- 
 rence, who always, during the whole of his life, supported 
 missionaries on every opportunity ! He was succeeded in 
 the government of the Punjab by Sir Robert Montgomery, 
 an active supporter of missions. After him came Sir Donald 
 McLeod, a man who, on all occasions, showed his sympathy 
 with missionary undertakings. You all know that Sir 
 William Muir, when Governor of the Northwestern Pro- 
 vinces, openly showed his support of Christian Missions; 
 and Sir Charles Aitcheson, who occupied the post of Lieu- 
 tenant General of the Punjab, and who is now one of the 
 members of the Viceroy's Council, has always been vitally 
 interested in missions. Then there are Sir Richard Temple^ 
 Sir Richard Thompson, Sir Charles Bernard, Henry C. 
 Tucker, and others. Then there is the almost equally distin- 
 guished brother of Lord Lawrence, Henry Lawrence; then 
 there were Herbert Edwardes, Reynell Taylor, Henry Have- 
 lock, and^ in fact nearly all the men who came forward at the 
 time of the Mutiny^ and through whose exertions the British 
 Empire in India was preserved. NOT ONE OF THEM 
 SHRANK UPON ANY OCCASION FROM SUPPORT- 
 ING THE CAUSE OF MISSIONS IN V^X^IK.— Pages 189 
 and 190, Volume /, '''Report of the Missionary Conferetice^ '* 
 London^ 1888. 
 
 This interesting fact is apropos here : " Mr. Darwin " (says Sir James 
 Sullivan) " had often expressed to me the conviction that it was utterly- 
 useless to send missionaries to such savages as the Fuegians. I had always 
 replied that I did not believe any human beings existed too low to compre- 
 hend the simple message of the Gospel of Christ, After many years he 
 wrote me that the recent account of the mission showed that he had been 
 wrong and I right. He requested me to forward to the Society an enclosed 
 cheque for five pounds, as a testimony of his interest in their good work. 
 This subscription he continued till his death."— Z?arz£/m'j Life, Vol. III^ 
 pp. 127, 128. 
 
342 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM AUGUSTUS NEWELL, 
 
 Qi ^ Founder of the United States Life-Saving Service. 
 
 r I^Y religious views are fully in accord with the most 
 ^\. decided orthodoxy of the day as to the inspiration of 
 ^^^ the Scriptures and the Divinity of our Redeemer. 
 
 " Fighting of fire and shipwreck, saving men, 
 
 Is heroism unto God's own will ; 
 Though they that do it may not- know to boast. 
 Who casts the life-line to the drowning serves 
 
 The One who bade the troubled sea be still. 
 God bless the brave life-savers on our coast !'L 
 
 QJ 
 
 CYRUS NORTHROP, 
 
 President of the University of Minnesota. 
 
 HRIST and the Bible are both revelations of God. 
 Both are the Word of God. The Bible is the Guide- 
 book to Heaven, showing us the way. Christ is the 
 Way. No man cometh unto the Father but by Him. 
 
 yhfVL4,^.A~fi 
 
 C\ 
 
 EDGAR WILSON NYE, 
 
 Humorist. (1850-1896.) 
 
 O^NE of the strongest reasons why we should not doubt 
 \^ Christ and the Bible in their relation to each other is 
 ^ !^ that the Christian religion has for so many centuries 
 stood against the hypocrisy of its so-called friends. 
 The unbeliever, who has no substitute to offer for a whole- 
 some faith in our Saviour, will be in the future, even more 
 than he is to-day, the representative of chaos and oblivion ; a 
 destroyer without hope, an underwriter without indemnity, 
 an ambulance with a loud-sounding gong, but no hospital. 
 
 /^-ci^^^y^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 343 
 
 ADAM GOTTLOB GEHLENSCHLAEGAR, 
 
 Danish Poet. ( 1779-1850.) 
 
 ASPIRATIONS. 
 
 PROM Thy throne in the clouds, Thou, Lord, smilest to me. 
 My Christ, my loved Jesus, Thou mighty to save, 
 Oh ! help me to conquer all sorrow like Thee. 
 
 Hope's green banner, Redeemer, victorious wave ; 
 How bitter thy Cross amid Calvary's gloom ! 
 Thy triumph how wondrous, how grand, o'er the tomb. 
 
 SIR JOHN OLDCASTLE. 
 
 (LORD COBHAM.) 
 
 ' English Reformer. (1360-1417.) 
 
 BEIylEVE that all is true which is contained in the 
 Holy Scriptures, and profess full belief in the blood 
 of Christ. — Page 490, ^^ Cross and Crown^^^ by James 
 D. McCabe. 
 
 HANS CHRISTIAN ORSTED, 
 
 Danish Scientist; Discoverer in Electro-Magnetism; complemented by 
 
 Arago and applied by Morse, resulted in the Electric 
 CL/)9 Telegraph. (1777-1851.) 
 
 J <p(HRISTIANlTY imbues the most ignorant with a horror 
 \^ of all vices, and it will not fail to do so when man 
 
 '^ 
 
 devotes himself to it with his whole heart. The im- 
 perfections of human nature make it difficult to re- 
 ceive the simple comprehension of the great truths of our 
 Christian faith as c'earlv and purely as intended. — From 
 ' ' Ancient and Moderyt Times, ' ' 
 
 MARK OLDROYD. 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 ^~y^ OD seems to be saying with increased emphasis: '*Go 
 
 \PX forward ! " Counterfeits and caricatures of Chris- 
 
 ^=^ tianity were, fortunately, being played out, but the real 
 
 Christianity had never exercised so much power over 
 
 the consciences and lives of men as during this last decade of 
 
344 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 the nineteenth century, and it must go on and triumph. 
 What was wanted was a deepening consciousness of the love 
 of Christ to them, that there should not be simply conscience 
 rousing them, but the heart with all its affections stimulating 
 them in His service, so that they might be able to say: 
 ^^ The love of Christ constraineth us." — From his speech on 
 taking the Chair at the annual meeting of the London Mis- 
 sionary Society^ May^ 1893. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD 
 OVERTOUN, 
 
 Scottish Peer. 
 
 >HB religion of Jesus Christ was at first attested by 
 great miracles — the incarnation of the Lord of Glory, 
 His life, work, death, and very especially His resur- 
 rection and ascension. The resurrection of our Sav- 
 iour is the miracle of miracles, the key-stone of the Christian 
 faith. The history and present condition of the Jewish peo- 
 ple is certainly a standing testimony to the truth of God's 
 Word. The results of recent discoveries, especially in Bible 
 lands, throw new light on Revelation, and confirm the truth 
 of its statements. 
 
 EDWARD OLNEY, 
 
 Professor of Mathematics University of Michigan, from 1863 till 
 Death ; Author of a Complete Set of Mathematical 
 Text-Books. (1827-1887.) 
 
 HAT mean the altar fires that blaze on every shore, 
 and back along the line of the centuries? They are 
 man's confession that he is a sinner, but thanks 
 be unto God, the blood of Jesus Christ cleans- 
 eth from all sin. . . . I^et us have the fullest confidence 
 in the divine authenticity of the Bible. Let us court the 
 light; the gem will but flash the more brightly in its flood. 
 Yes, from the varied realms of History, Science, and Philol- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 345 
 
 ogy let light be poured in upon the sacred page ; concentrate, 
 focalize it ; let it flame and glare ; the most vulture-eyed infi- 
 delity shall find no plague spot there. 
 
 LAWRENCE OLIPHANT, 
 
 English Author and Traveler. (1829-1888.) 
 
 AM a thorough Christian as far as my belief in every 
 moral principle Christ propounded ... I quite be- 
 lieve in the inspiration of the Bible, but in a particular 
 way. In my view the minds of Christ and His disciples 
 reflected more accurately than ever before or since the mind of 
 God. — '-^Memoir of Lawrence Oliphant^^'' by Margaret O. 
 W. Oliphant. 
 
 OSCAR II, 
 
 King of Norway and Sweden. 
 
 CHRISTIANITY is the necessary force in every noble 
 V_y work. • . . Many a man is kept from doing 
 ^-Q^ wrong by having a Christian refuge where he can go, 
 and often he comes to realize the blessings of our Di- 
 vine faith when surrounded by such spiritual influences.— 
 Interview with Harry Steele Morrison. 
 
 B. S. OSBON, 
 
 Rear-Admiral, Commanding National Association Naval 
 Veterans. 
 
 HRIST is all in all, and for all, the Bible our Chart. 
 C^ I have yet, in this earthly cruise of three score years, 
 
 to find a sailor who did not believe in God and the 
 
 Holy Scriptures. 
 Article III, Section i, of the Constitution of Naval Vet- 
 
346 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 erans of the United States of America, reads: ^' We acknowl- 
 edge a firm belief, accountability, and trust in Almighty 
 God." These words tell the whole story of the sailor's be- 
 lief in Christianity and its inspired Book. 
 
 Individually, I have leaned upon the strong arm of faith 
 in my Redeemer through nearly fifty battles, and by His 
 J Divine mercy have been spared to write these lines. I pray 
 for His wisdom and strength to guide me aright in com- 
 manding those who come under my official jurisdiction. 
 Without the Saviour and the Word of God, life would in- 
 deed be a barren waste. 
 
 JOHANN FRIEDRICH OVERBECK, 
 
 German Painter; Reviver and Leader of "Christian Art" 
 in the Nineteenth Century. (1789-1869.) 
 
 WHvIy abide by the Bible; I elect it as my standing- 
 point. . . . Art to me is as the harp of David, 
 whereupon I would desire that psalms should at all 
 times be sounded to the praise of the Lord. — Page 
 77, Volume XVII I ^ ''''The Ency elopes dia Britannieay 
 
 Let not my Saviour be ever robbed of my love ; the true 
 home of art is within the soul ; the tabernacle of art has its 
 foundation in the worship of God. . . . Lamentation 
 over the death of the Son of God may arouse in the spec- 
 tator true faith and repentance. May this painting, begun 
 in tears for my own and only son, and finished in grief for 
 the loss of my dear brother, draw tears from the eyes of Him, 
 who not only shed tears, but blood, in order that His death 
 might be our life. Such aim have I in my art, without 
 which it would seem idle, indeed blasphemous. — Pages 33 
 and jy^ ^^ Overbeck^^^ by J. B. Atkinson. 
 
WELL KNOWN GOVERNORS OF STATES. 
 
 Frank D. Jackson, Levi K. fuller, David R. Francis 
 
 Page 183. Page igs. /'"',•!,'■<■ J^^^- 
 
 William J. Northen, Roswell P. Flower, Isaac P. Gray 
 
 Page 181. Page 188. Page 183. 
 
 Jeremiah M: Rusk, James a. Beaver, 
 
 Page IQ ?. 
 
 Page I go. 
 
'TWENTIETH-CENTURY GOVERNORS OF STATES. 
 
 LksIvIK M. Shaw, Governor of. Iowa. — Most as- 
 suredly I accept the Divinity of Jesus Christ. The 
 evidence is unmistakable that Christian civilization 
 is to encircle the globe, and the nation that rejects 
 it must perish from the earth. 
 
 J. HoGE Tyi^er, Governor of Virginia. — Recog- 
 nizing the inestimable benefits conferred on the 
 world through the religion of Christ, it is a privilege 
 to bear witness to the joy and comfort my belief in 
 the atonement of Jesus affords me. 
 
 W11.1.IAM B. STANI.EY, Governor of Kansas. — 
 The religion of Christ is the meet potent agency in 
 the spiritual uplift of the race. Among books, the 
 Bible occupies the same place that the Saviour oc- 
 cupies among men — supremely and unquestionably 
 Divine. 
 
 George W. Atkinson, Governor of West Vir- 
 ginia. — I never had any doubts about the Divinity of 
 Christ or the Bible, and I have given the subject 
 careful thought. To blot out Christianity would be 
 to draw a dark veil over the world and render man- 
 kind desolate. 
 
 ^Xx " I Richard Yates, Governor of Illinois. — The 
 
 foundation of our republic rests on Christianity and 
 its Gospels. Our President can afford to be a Chris- 
 tian. I have no patience with those who lack the 
 moral courage to stand up and be counted for Christ, 
 the Saviour of the world. 
 
 LoN V. Stephens, late Governor of Missouri. — 
 If there is nothing to Christianity, my own mother 
 deceived me. When dying, she triumphantly said : 
 ** I am going to my heavenly home " Whoever talks 
 flippantly of the Christian faith, heaps insult on my 
 honored dead, and I will have none of ito 
 
 Note. — Seepages 179-193 for the Testimonies of Governors, 1889-1893. Those 
 of Governors Shaw, Tyler, Atkinson and Stephens appeared in 7Vie C^*-isHan Her- 
 ald, of New York, June 14, 1899; that of Governor Yates in the Chioapro Herald- 
 Re cord, OcXoh^r 21, i90i,and that of Governor Stanley was a'ldressed to the Autlior. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 347 
 
 AXEL OXENSTIERN, 
 
 Chancellor of Sweden. (1583-1654.) 
 
 HAVE seen much, and enjoyed much, of this world ; 
 but I never knew how to live till now. I thank my 
 God, who has given me time to know Him, and to 
 know myself. All the comfort I have, and which is 
 more than the whole world can give, is feeling the Spirit of 
 God, and reading in this good Book that came from it. You 
 are now in the prime of your age and vigor, and in great 
 favor and business ; but all this will leave you, and you will 
 one day understand and relish what I say. You will then 
 find that there is more wisdom, true comfort, and pleasure, 
 in retiring, and in turning your heart from the world to the 
 good Spirit of God, and in reading the Bible, than in all the 
 courts and favors of princes. — Page \\^ of ^^ The Power of 
 Religion^^^ by Lindley Murray. 
 
 SIR JAMES OUTRAM, 
 
 British Lieutenant-General in India (The '* Bayard of India"). 
 G) ( 1 803-1 868.) 
 
 ESIDES being the means of saving the immortal 
 souls of our countrywomen, these Christian Associa-^ 
 tions tend to spread the Gospel of our Lord and 
 Saviour in the land, prompting the heathen to mod- 
 erate the rancor and contempt they bear our holy faith. 
 — Page 118," Twelve Christian Statesmen^'* ^ by George Smith. 
 
 DAVID PERKINS PAGE, 
 
 The First Principal of New York State Normal School. 
 (1810-1848.) 
 
 N our public schools, supported at the public expense, and 
 in which the children of all denominations meet for in- 
 struction, I do not think that any man has a right to crowd 
 his own peculiar notions of theology upon all, whether 
 
348 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 they are acceptable or not. Yet there is a common ground 
 which he can occupy. He can teach a reverence for the Su* 
 preme Being, a reverence for the Word of God, for the ir.flu- 
 ence of His Spirit, for the character and teachings of our 
 Saviour, and for the momentous concerns of eternity. He 
 can teach the duty of repentance, and the privileges of for- 
 giveness, and the salvation by His Son. — Pages 401 a7id 51 
 of ^''Theory and Practice of Teaching^'' by David Perkins^ 
 Page, 
 
 EDWARD HENRY PALMER, 
 
 English Egyptologist, and Lord Almoner's Professor of Arabic. 
 (1840-1882.) 
 
 >HE Tih, though crossed by the Hajj, or Pilgrim, 
 route to Mecca, and frequently traversed by the per- 
 sons who prefer to approach Palestine by the ''Long 
 Desert," has been but very imperfectly described, and 
 never systematically explained, while the whole of the moun- 
 tain district was absolutely unknown. And yet this country 
 is of the highest interest to the Biblical students, for across 
 that white, unpromising waste lay the road down into Egypt, 
 on which Jacob traveled to visit his long-lost son, and along 
 the same way the Virgin Mother fled with her Divine Child, 
 Here, as the name still reminds us, the children of Israel 
 wandered ; and the hilly plateau on the northeast was the 
 home and pasture of the Patriarch. — Page 285, Volume Ily 
 ^''The Desert of the Exodus ^^^ by E. H. Palmer. 
 
 THOMAS WITHERELL PALMER, 
 
 President of W^orld's Columbian Commission. 
 
 \0 me our Lord is the tenderest, the most lovable, the 
 most heroic Personage in history. In His character 
 are united the highest philosophy and the purest 
 faith, justice, and mercy, exalted spirituality with, 
 sympathy for the most degraded. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 349 
 
 I do not stop to inquire whether He is '' \nery God of very 
 God." His teachings are Divine, and I accept Him as "God 
 made manifest in the flesh." For two thousand years that 
 luminous Form seen subjectively or objectively, it makes no 
 difference which, has rrised up the down-trodden, curbed 
 the mighty, restored the wandering, led back the erring, 
 wept with the mourners, consoled the afflicted, soothed the 
 sufferer, fed the hungry, clothed the naked, given water to ^v 
 those who were athirst, and is to-day the anchor to the souls 
 of millions. 
 
 FRANCESCO PETRARCA (PETRARCH), 
 
 Italian Poet. (1304-1374.) 
 
 AVE mercy, Lord, on my un worth}' ills; 
 Fix all my thoughts in contemplation high, 
 How on the cross this day a Saviour died. 
 
 When death my heart, now conscience — struck, shall seize, 
 Commend me, Father, then to Thy dear Son, 
 
 Triie God and very Man, 
 That my last sigh in peace may in His arms be breathed. 
 
 FRANCIS TURNER PALGRAVE, 
 
 English Art Critic. 
 
 STAR OF MORN AND EVEN. 
 
 TAR of morn and even, 
 Sun of Heaven's heaven, 
 Saviour, high and dear. 
 Toward us turn thine ear ; 
 Through whate'er ma}- come. 
 Thou canst lead us home. 
 
350 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 MATTHEW CALBRAITH PERRY.*t 
 
 Commodore, United States Navy. (1794-1858.) 
 
 HAVE just finished the Bible; T make it a point to 
 read it through every cruise. It is certainly a won- 
 derful Book — a most wonderful Book. . . . From 
 boyhood I have taken a deep interest in Christianizing 
 the heathen, and in imparting a knowledge of God's revealed 
 truth everywhere. — Biography, by W. E. Griffis. 
 
 *In 1853 he was sent to one of the harbors of Japan to protect American 
 seamen. A certain Lord's Day he laid his Bible on the capstan, read the 
 
 looth Psalm, and sang 
 
 " Before Jehovah's awful throne 
 Ye nations bow with sacred joy." 
 t His brother, Commodore Oliver H. Perry, was also a Christian. His 
 favorite book was the Bible. — Appleton's Cyclopcsdia of American Biog- 
 raphy, 
 
 MUNGO PARK, 
 
 Scottish Explorer in Africa, { 1771-1806.) 
 
 'HE man whose soul has been enlightened by his 
 Creator, and enabled, though dimly, to discern the 
 wonders of salvation, will look upon, the joys and 
 afflictions of this life as equally the token of Divine 
 love. He will walk through the world as one traveling to 
 a better country, looking forward with wonder to the Author 
 .and Finisher of his faith. 
 
 I have now reached that height that I can now behold the 
 tumult of nations with indifference, confident that the reins 
 of events are in the Father's hands. May you and I (not 
 like the stubborn mule, but like the weaning child) obey His 
 hand, that after all the troubles of this dark world in which we 
 are truly strangers, we may through the wonders of atonement 
 reach a far greater and exceeding weight of glory. . . . 
 May the Holy Spirit dwell forever in your heart, and if I 
 /never see my native land again, may I rather see the green 
 ^od on your grave than see you anything but a Christian. — 
 Pages 43 aiid 44, ^'■Mungo Park and the Niger y by Joseph 
 Thompso7i, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 35 1 
 
 SIR JAMES A. PARK, 
 
 English Lawyer and Judge (1763-1838.) 
 
 B live in the midst of blessings till we are utterly 
 vJjTjl^ insensible of their greatness, and of the source 
 ^Vj^Q^ from whence they flow. We speak of our civil- 
 ization, our arts, our freedom, our laws, and for- 
 get entirely how large a share is due to Christianity. Blot 
 Christianity out of the pages of man's history, and what 
 would his laws have been, what his civilization ? Christian- 
 ity is mixed up with our very being and our daily life ; there 
 is not a familiar object around us which does not wear a dif- 
 ferent aspect because the light of Christian love is on it ; not 
 a law which does not owe its truth and gentleness to Chris- 
 tianity ; not a custom which can no4: be traced in all its holy, 
 healthful parts to the Gospel. — Page 3, ^^Allibone^s Prose 
 Quotations?'' 
 
 WILLIAM KITCHEN PARKER, 
 
 Late Hunterian Professor at the Royal College of 
 Surgeons. 
 
 HEN, as a tall farmer's son, I left home to study 
 science, I said, "I am going to serve God," and I 
 gave myself to the Lord in prayer. The lady 
 where I went said : " William, read your Bible 
 once every day." William did; but he does not read the 
 Bible only once a day, now. After fifty years I am not likely 
 to lose sight of Christ. . . . '' Christ in me the hope of 
 glory ! What a little thing is science to put against that ! It 
 is merely the ends, shreds, patches, and rays of knowledge^ 
 The more child-like we are in science, as well as religion,- 
 the better it will be. Science, in geology and biology, does 
 not touch the Scriptures in the least. It does not aflect the 
 belief of any godly man who studies it. — Page 45, ^''Report of 
 the Christian Evidence Society^ London. 
 
352 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM EDWARD PARRY, 
 
 English Rear Admiral and Arctic Navigator. (1790-1855.) 
 
 CAN only say that in Christ and Him crucified is all 
 my salvation and all my desire. 
 
 I began to read the New Testament every evening 
 from June 3, 1824. " "^^^ entrance of Thy Word 
 giveth light." 
 
 My speech at the Bible Society has been talked of 
 sneeringly at this great house, but oh ! how insignificant does 
 all within these walls appear when the imagination turns for 
 a moment to the assembled hosts of Heaven, and men, and 
 angels ! Pray for me that I may be encouraged and sup- 
 ported by the Holy Spirit, in every humble endeavor to ad- 
 vance his glory and the salvation of men's souls. — See Vol- 
 ume VII^ ''''Short Biographies for the People!'^ 
 
 BLAISE PASCAL, 
 
 French Philosopher and Mathematician. 
 (1623-166?.) 
 
 B know God only through Jesus Christ. Without 
 this Mediator, is taken away all communication 
 with God ; through Jesus Christ we know God. 
 All those who have pretended to know God, and 
 prove Him without Jesus Christ, have only had impotent 
 proofs. But, to prove Jesus Christ we have the prophecies 
 which are good and valid proofs. And those prophecies, be- 
 ing fulfilled, and truly proved by the event, indicate the cer- 
 tainty of these truths, and therefore the truth of the divinity 
 of Jesus Christ. In Him, and by Him, then, we know God. 
 Otherwise, and without Scripture, without original sin, with- 
 out a necessary Mediator, we can not absolutely prove God, 
 nor teach a good doctrine and sound morals. But by Jesus 
 Christ and in Jesus Christ, we prove God and teach doctrine 
 and morals. Jesus Christ, then, is the true God of men. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 353 
 
 Not only do we know God only through Jesus Christ, but we 
 know ourselves only through Jesus Christ. We know life, 
 death, only through Jesus Christ. Except by Jesus Christ 
 we know not what life is, what our death is, what God is, 
 what we ourselves are. Thus, without Scripture, which has 
 only Jesus Christ for its object, we know nothing, and we see 
 not only obscurity and confusion in the nature of God, anc 
 in nature herself. Without Jesus Christ, man must be in sin 
 and misery ; with Jesus Christ, man is exempt from sin and 
 misery. In Him is all our virtue, and all our felicity. Out 
 of Him, there is nothing but sin, misery, error, darkness, 
 death, and despair. — Pages 334 and 335, " Thoughts^ Letters^ 
 and Opuscules " of Blaise Pascal. Translated from the French 
 by O. W. Wight. 
 
 WILLIAM HAROLD PAYNE, 
 
 Chancellor of the University of Nashville. 
 
 .URELY, in further illustration of the fact that the 
 world's greatest teachers have been inspired by a love 
 for ignorant and suffering humanity, I need not dwell 
 at length on the story of the Nazarene peasant, the 
 carpenter's son, who, by His sufferings and services, has 
 become exalted over every other name in the annals of time. 
 But have we sufficiently reflected on the fact that Jesus owes 
 His awful preeminence among reformers to His perfect con- 
 descension to men of low estate, to his frank companionship 
 with publicans and sinners, to His holy ministration to the 
 disinherited of the world? In all that marvelous life there 
 is nothing more significant or more touching than the fact 
 that ignorance, weakness, and sin, instead of repelling Christ 
 from men, drew Him into closer sympathy with them. We 
 may also say that He loved men because they were sinful and 
 
 vile. Pages 242 and 243, ^^Contributions to the Science of 
 
 Education, ''by W. H. Payne, President of the University of 
 Nashville. 
 
3.S4 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR ROBERT PEEL* 
 
 English Statesman; Twice Pxime Minister. (1788-1850.) 
 
 "V*^" 
 
 =«" 
 
 ETHER the 
 ^)Jf5jj[\ system of public 
 J^^C^ education be re- 
 ligious or not, the 
 necessity of giving access to 
 the Word of God remains 
 the same. The object of 
 the Bible Society is to cir- 
 culate the Word of God in 
 the most remote regions. . 
 It may be that the 
 present is that occasion 
 when the knowledge of Divine truth is to be conveyed 
 through those missionaries, if they had the means of distrib- 
 uting the Word of God. This may be the special occasion 
 upon which millions and hundreds of millions may be con- 
 verted from heathenism to the knowledge of the Word of 
 God, which will make them wise unto salvation. — Passages 
 from his Address at a Bible Meetings Tamworth^ Englandy 
 1827. 
 
 This is taken from one of his prayers: ^' Great and mer- 
 ciful God, Ruler of all nations, help me daily to repair to 
 Thee for wisdom and grace suitable to the high office where- 
 to Thy providence has called me. ... As for me. Thy 
 servant, grant, O merciful God, that I may not be so en- 
 grossed with public anxieties as that Thy Word should be- 
 come unfruitful in me, or be so moved by difficulty or oppo- 
 ♦.^ition as not to pursue the narrow way which leadeth me to 
 
 * When Christianity had been slightingly referred to at a dinner in Lon- 
 don, Sir Robert Peel created a sensation by asking his host to ring a bell 
 for his carriage, saying '• I am still a Christian ! " 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 355 
 
 life. And, O most gracious Father, if, notwithstanding my 
 present desires and purposes, I should forget Thee, do not 
 Thou forget me, seeing that I entreat Thy constant remem- 
 brance and favor only for the sake of our most blessed Advo- 
 cate and Redeemer, Jesus Christ, to whom with Thee and 
 the Holy Spirit be glory forever. Amen. — Page 454, ^^ Other 
 Men's Minds .^^ 
 
 WILLIAM PENN, 
 
 Founder of Pennsylvania. (1644-17 18.) 
 
 jG^J^^ I have been traveling, the great work of Christ in 
 \l9Jl the earth has often been presented to my view, and 
 ^ U^ the day of the Lord hath been deeply impressed 
 upon me, and my soul and spirit hath frequently 
 been possessed with an holy and weighty concern for the 
 glory and name of the Lord and the spreading of his ever- 
 lasting truth. — See his " Travels in Holland and Germany, ^^ 
 I do declare to the whole world that we believe the Scrip- 
 tures to contain a declaration of the mind and will of God in 
 and to those ages in which they were written ; being given 
 forth by the Holy Ghost moving in the hearts of holy men of 
 God; that they ought also to be read, believed, and fulfilled in 
 our day; 'being used for reproof and^instruction, that the man 
 of God may be perfect. They are a declaration and testi- 
 mony of heavenly things t?hemselves, and, as such, we carry 
 an high respect for them. We accept them as the words of 
 God Himself — " Treatise on the Religion of the Quaker s^^'' 
 by William Penn, 
 
 SIR JOSEPH WHITWELL PEASE, 
 
 C . Member of British Parliament since 1885. 
 
 ^1 F we are to follow Christ we are to be Christlike, and 
 
 ^\ if we are to be Christlike we must acknowledge the 
 
 -G great brotherhood of man and that higher brotherhood 
 
 which Christ has promised to those that love Him. . 
 
 . . The longer I live the more I am impressed with the 
 
 wonderful miraculous power of the Book. — London City 
 
 Missionary Magazine. June, 1891. 
 
35^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR A. PEASE, 
 
 Member of Parliament. (1837-1898.) 
 
 E can confidently recommend them to the Book 
 from beginning to the end, and to Him who gave 
 Himself for our salvation. If we find these people 
 who do not hold the Christian faith in the sim- 
 plicity with which we hold it, and that there are few living 
 voices to go forth and proclaim the truth as it is in Christ 
 Jesus, how thankful we ought to be that there are those who 
 are willing to circulate the Word of God which is able to 
 make them wise unto salvation. — Bible Society Reporter 
 {Londo7t)^ 1884. 
 
 DOM PEDRO 1!., 
 
 Late Emperor of Brazil. (1825-1891.) 
 
 IvOVE the Bible. I read it every day, and the more I 
 read it the more I love it. There are some people 
 who do not love this Book. I do not understand 
 them, but I love it. I like its simplicity and its very 
 repetitions and reiterations of Divine truth. — To a Corre- 
 spondent of the New York Evangelist. 
 
 JOHANN HEINRICH PESTALOZZI, 
 
 Swiss Educational Reformer. (1746-1827.) 
 
 .HE whole Bible is a collection of the revelation of God. 
 
 Let no one say that Jesus did not love the wicked, 
 
 the evil doers ! He loved them with a Divine love. 
 
 He died for them. 
 
 I see myself lying in the grave ; I see myself entering into 
 
 eternity. But I awake ! I have seen my destiny. It is not 
 
 the transitory work of this earthly life ; it is the power of 
 
 devotion of a faithful life to the service of God and humanity; 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 357 
 
 it is the imitation of Jesus Christ, through faith in Him cru- 
 cified, and for the glory of God, the Father. — Pages 403 and 
 404, and Appendix of '•'■Pestalozzi^ his Life and IVork^^'' by 
 Roger De Gruimps^ International Educational Series, 
 
 -<?i 
 
 M 
 
 SIR WILLIAM PETTY, 
 
 English Political Economist. (1623-1687.) 
 
 , S for religion, I die in the profession of that faith and 
 foV i^ the practice of such worship as I find established 
 ^ (v ^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^^ "^^ country, and expressing my love 
 and honor to Almighty God for such signs and 
 tokens as are understood to be such by the people with whom 
 I live, God knowing my heart ; and thus begging the Divine 
 Majesty to make me what He would have me to be, both as 
 to faith and good works, I willingly resign my soul into His 
 hands, relying only on His infinite mercy and the merits of 
 my Saviour for my happiness after this life ; where I expect 
 to know and see God more clearly than by the study of the 
 Scriptures and of His works I have hitherto been able to do. 
 ---Pages 284 and 285, Volume /F, of ^^ British PlutarchP 
 
 FRIEDRICH PFAFF, 
 
 Professor of Natural Science, University of Erlangen, 
 Bavaria. 
 
 .HB conclusion we are lead to is, that the Scriptural 
 account of man, which is one and self-consistent, is 
 true; that God made man in His own image, fitted 
 for fellowship with Himself, and favored with it ; in 
 a state from which man has fallen, but to which restoration 
 is possible through Him who is the brightness of the Father's 
 glory, and the express image of His person. This account 
 of man we accept by faith, because it is revealed by God, is 
 supported by adequate evidence, solves the otherwise in- 
 
358 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 soluble problems, not only of science and history, but of in- 
 ward experience, and meets our deepest need. We believe 
 there was a first man, from whom all other men are de- 
 scended, who was the first head of the human race; that 
 there is a second Man in whom God is incarnate, who is the 
 source of undying hope to all who become united to Him. 
 Where science forsakes us, Revelation meets us with an ac- 
 count of man's origin, state, and destiny, which is adequate 
 and coherent, which explains all the facts, and commends 
 itself alike to reason and the conscience ; and the more it is 
 sifted and examined, the more well-founded and irrefragable 
 does it prove to be. — Extract from " The Age and Origin of 
 Man^ Geologically Considered^^^ Present-Day Tract^ No. 13. 
 
 SIR ROBERT PHAYRE, 
 
 English Major-General. 
 
 ^AyS the Word of God carries power and light with it, 
 ^^LoV. I pray heartily that it may prevail more and more, 
 *^ (Cp^ and have a fuller and freer entrance to those places 
 v/hich the Lord has opened to us. . . . There 
 is no amount of hindrance that Satan may oppose to the prog- 
 ress of the Gospel that can not be removed by believing 
 prayer and ple:iding the promises of the Lord Jesus Christ. 
 — 'Page 141, VoL II, of ''^Report of the Missionary Confer- 
 ence^^ ^ Loftdon^ i< 
 
 MAX PEMBERTON, 
 
 British Author; Editor of Cassell's Magazine. 
 
 P i(7\)/ HATEVER grain of style I may possess, whatever 
 ^^)h/^ facility with the pen, I owe it to THE BOOK. 
 
 JXq^ Does the amateur ask upon what he shall mould 
 his style? I reply, THE BOOK. To me it is 
 the whole embodiment of all the grace and beauty of litera- 
 ture. And, more than that, in spite of *' higher'' critics, it 
 remains for me, as it remains for millions, the very Word of 
 God. Though saints and sages pass ^---^^ 
 
 away, the Cross of Christ is still the em- \ ( J 
 
 blem of eternal hope and salvation. ^vZyV) I — 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 359 
 
 JOHN FINIS PHILIPS, 
 
 Judge in United States District Courts. 
 
 BELIEVE the Bible to be the work of inspired men, 
 and the revelation of God's will towards man. Its 
 wisdom, moral maxims, and wholesome truths, its 
 original jurisprudence, its poetry and eloquence, have 
 impassioned and governed the intellect and heart of the 
 wisest, greatest, and best of mankind in all ages, and under 
 all civilizations. 
 
 I believe Christ to be more than human. It is not in 
 human power to have revolutionized society and state as did 
 Jesus of Nazareth. His spirit overawes and His will con- 
 founds as never any other mortal man. Between Him and 
 all others there is no conceivable, apt term of comparison. 
 He had no model, and there is no example for Him among 
 men. He taught neither philosophy nor science: yet the 
 learned of mankind, in the ages since He taught, have paid 
 Him homage and owned Him as Lord and Master. He Vv^as 
 Divine, the Son of God, the Saviour of men. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM PHIPPS, 
 
 Governor of Massachusetts. (1651-1695.) 
 
 HAVE divers times been in danger of my life ; and I 
 have been brought to see that I owe my life to Him 
 who has given His precious life for me. I thank 
 God He has led me to see myself altogether un- 
 happy without an interest in the Lord Jesus Christ, and to 
 close heartily with Him, desiring Him to execute all His 
 offices on my behalf. I have now, for some time, been under 
 serious resolution, that I should avoid Vv'hatever I knew to be 
 
360 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 displeasing to God, that I should serve Him all the days of 
 my life. ... I knew that if God had a people any- 
 where, it was here, and I resolved to rise or fall with them ; 
 neglecting very great advantages for my worldly interests, 
 that I might come and enjoy the ordinances of the Lord 
 Jesus here. — Pages 240 and 241 in ^^ Lives of the Great 
 Fathers of New England!''^ 
 
 WENDELL PHILLIPS,* 
 
 C, ^^-N Orator and Reformer. (1811-1884) 
 
 
 NE of the best proofs that the Bible is a Divine Book 
 is that it has outlived the misrepresentations of its 
 
 ^^ narrow and bigoted friends. ... I presume to 
 believe the Bible outweighs our statute books. 
 
 My faith is absolute; Christ I believe is Divine. "I find 
 the whole history of humanity before Him and after Him 
 points to Him, and finds in Him its center and its solution. 
 His whole conduct, His deeds, His words, have a supernat- 
 ural character, being altogether inexplicable from human 
 relations and human means.'' (This quotation, from a 
 German scholar, he repeated in his dying moments.) — ''Rec- 
 ollections of Mrs, E. F. Crosby'' {MS). 
 
 The power that urged the world forward came from 
 Christianity. . . . He, the previous speaker, claims to 
 be a Christian. So do I. . . . The religious literature 
 of Asia has been compared with the Christian Scriptures. 
 The comparison is not just. That literature has many merits 
 and contains scattered sayings and precepts of excellency; 
 but there are heaps of chaff in that and in the writings of 
 the early Christian fathers; none in the Gospels and Epis- 
 tles. — ''Life and Times of Wendell Phillips^'' by George 
 Lowell Austin. 
 
 * Shakespeare and Plato tower above the intellectual level of their lime 
 like the peaks of TenerifFe and Mont Blanc. We look at them and it seems 
 impossible to measure the interval that separates them from the intellectual 
 development around them. But if this Jewish Boy, in that era of the 
 world, in Palestine, with the Ganges on ©ne side of Him and the Olympus of 
 Athens on the other, ever produced this religion with its characteristic 
 elements, He towers so far above Shakespeare and Plato that the differ- 
 ence between Shakespeare and Plato and their times becomes an imper- 
 ceptible wrinkle on the surface of the earth. — " Christianity a Battle, not 
 a Dreamt 
 
TYPICAL MAGAZINE EDITORS AND WRITERS. 
 
 William T. Stead, 
 
 Page 42^. 
 
 Richard W. Gilder, 
 
 Page I -JO. 
 
 Edward W. Bok, 
 
 Page 20. 
 
 Henry M. Alden, 
 
 Page 7. 
 
 John B. Walker, 
 
 Page 488. 
 
 Charles D. Warner, 
 
 Page 489. 
 
ILLUSTRIOUS PRESIDENTS OF UNIVERSITIES. 
 
 Benjamin Ide Wheeler, Arthur T. Hadley, 
 
 Page 498. Page 2J5. 
 
 Francis P. Venable, 
 
 Page 476. 
 
 A. H. Fetterolf, Alexander S. Webb, 
 
 Page 1^0. Page 490. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 361 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD 
 POLWARTH, 
 
 Scottish Peer. 
 
 E must go right on into the eternity of the past 
 and into the very face of God through Jesus 
 Christ if we would realize the origin of the Church 
 of the living God. It was in God's heart, and 
 from there that that wonderful purpose emina-ted, and after- 
 wards passed on to its manifestation in the incarnation of the 
 beloved Son of God. ... In our risen Saviour there is 
 power, there is life, there is peace, there is everything you 
 and I, as sinful beings redeemed by the blood of the Lamb, 
 can possibly need on earth. — See Address as Chairman of 
 the Mildmay Conference^ 1896. 
 
 FRANKLIN PIERCE, 
 
 Fourteenth President of the United States. 
 ( 1 804- 1 869.) 
 
 'ECOGNIZING the wisdom of the broad principles 
 of absolute religious toleration proclaimed in our 
 fundamental law, and rejoicing in the benign in- 
 fluence which it has exerted upon our social and 
 political condition, I should shrink from a clear duty if I 
 failed to express my deepest conviction that we can place no 
 secure reliance upon any apparent progress if it be not sus- 
 tained by national integrity, resting upon the great truths 
 affirmed and illustrated by Divine Revelation. — From his 
 Inaugural Address- of March 4, 1853. 
 
 ALFRED PLEASONTON, 
 
 Major-General in the Civil War. 
 
 /^ INCLOSE the Emperor Napoleon's views of Christ; 
 they are mine also. 
 
362 A CLOUD OF WITNESSKS. 
 
 This is a copy of the inclosure : "I know men," said 
 Napoleon at St. Helena to Count de Motholon, " I know men, 
 and I tell you that Jesus is not a rnan! The religion of 
 Christ is a mystery which subsists by its own force, and pro- 
 ceeds from a mind which is not a human mind. We find in it 
 a marked individuality, which originated a train of words and 
 actions unknown before. Jesus is not a philosopher, for His 
 proofs are miracles, and from the first His disciples adored 
 Him. Alexander, Caesar, Charlemagne, and myself founded 
 empires ; but upon what foundation did we rest the creations 
 of our genius ? Upon force ! But Jesus Christ founded His 
 upon love ; and at this hour millions of men would die for 
 Him." 
 
 ALEXANDER POPE, 
 
 English Poet. (1688-1744.) 
 
 </, 
 
 ) z 
 
 THE MESSIAH. • 
 
 ARK ! a glad voice tlie lonely desert cheers. 
 Prepare the way! a God, a God appears ! 
 A God, a God ! the vocal hills reply ; 
 The rocks proclaim the approaching Deity. 
 
 The Saviour comes ! by ancient bards foretold; 
 Hear Him, ye deaf, and all ye blind, behold ! 
 
 WILLIAM PITT, 
 
 FIRST EARL OF CHATHAM, 
 
 '^- \/~N British Statesman, " The Great Commoner." (1708-1778.) 
 
 tk^ ■ . . . 
 
 /^UR nature is corrupted and defiled ; in order to become 
 V^ Christ's disciple, and worthy to partake of the privi- 
 '*^K^ leges of His Gospel, we must "be created in righteous- 
 ness and true holiness." 
 Believing in Jesus Christ acquits from the guilt of sins 
 committed before such belief, and this in order to a better 
 life; but believing in Jesus Christ does not acquit from the 
 guilt of any sins continued in after this belief, and during 
 our Christian profession, but indeed extremely adds to it.— 
 Appendix^ Volume IV^ ^^Correspondence of William Pitt, 
 jEarl of Chatham. " . 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 363 
 
 WILLIAM PITT, 
 
 English Statesman and Orator. (1759-1806.) 
 
 E was the second son 
 of the Earl of Chat- 
 ham, and not only 
 imitated his father's 
 intellectual and political 
 worth, but his religious 
 character as well. At differ- 
 ent times in his great 
 speeches he was wont to 
 speak in the loftiest strain 
 of the Christian religion, 
 and to quote freely from the 
 Word of God, but all that he 
 may have said in his life- 
 time is as nothing compared to the sublime climax in the^ 
 hour of his dissolution. It was on the 23d of January, 1806,. 
 that he died, and clasping his hands he uttered these words,, 
 rising as he spoke, "I throw myself ^;?^/W/y," — laying strong 
 emphasis upon the word — "upon the mercy of God, througk 
 the merits of Christ." — Page 543, " Worthies of tlie World^^ 
 
 DAVID DIXON PORTER, 
 
 Admiral in United States Navy. 
 (1813-1891.) 
 
 HEN one sees how much has been done for the 
 world by the disciples of Christ and those profes- 
 sing the Christian religion, he must be astonished, 
 to find anyone who hesitates to believe in the 
 Divine origin of Jesus and the wonderful works He per- 
 formed, all of which are so beautifully portrayed by the 
 author of the work under consideration; and no man or 
 
3^4 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 woman of real intelligence would hesitate to believe that it 
 is only through Christ that sinners can be saved, unless their 
 vanity is so great that they think they are capable of saving 
 themselves without an intermediary. 
 
 JAMES KNOX POLK, 
 
 Eleventh President of the United States. (1795-1849.) 
 
 !N his last sickness 
 he expressed his 
 sense of unworthi- 
 ness before God, 
 together with painful ap- 
 prehension that he had 
 long delayed to seek the 
 Divine favor and to de- 
 vote himself to the serv- 
 ice of Christ, to expect 
 His pardoning mercy on 
 his death-bed. He at 
 last professed to have 
 obtained pardon for all 
 his sins, and the purifi- 
 cation of his heart 
 through the blood of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ. From 
 the time that he realized this great blessing, and attached 
 himself to the Church, he never expressed the slightest 
 doubt, but with meekness and humility praised the Lord 
 for His abundant mercy, and with unwavering confidence 
 ^posed upon the Saviour, and died in the full assurance of 
 A glorious immortality. — Page 395, ''American Christian 
 Ruler s^^^ by Edward J. Giddings. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 365 
 
 SERGEANT SMITH PRENTISS, 
 
 Lawyer, Orator, and Congressman. (1808-1850.) 
 
 E called repeatedly upon God. One day when he was 
 very low, and much distressed at the idea of death, I 
 urged him to go to the Saviour, and repeated to him 
 many sentences from the Bible ; but he said God 
 would never forgive him ; that I did not know how wicked 
 he had been. I told him only to repent and believe in the 
 Lord Jesus Christ, and *' though his sins were as scarlet, they 
 would be white as snow." This seemed to quiet him. . . 
 . . Yesterday I heard him say, as if to himself, " O God, the 
 Son, have mercy on me ! " — Page 561, Volume II ^ of "^ 
 Memoir of S. S. Prentiss^'''' edited by his brother. 
 
 PETER 1. (PETER THE GREAT) 
 ALEXEIEVITCH, 
 
 Czar of Russia. (1675-1725.) 
 
 OVEREIGNS have rights only over the bodies of 
 their people ; Christ Jesus is the sovereign of their 
 souls. . 
 
 By the mercy of God and your prayers we are alive 
 and in good health; following the Divine command given to 
 ©ur forefather, Adam, we are hard at work. What we do is 
 not from any necessity, but for the sake of learning naviga- 
 tion, so that, having mastered it thoroughly, we can, when 
 we return, be victors over the enemies of Jesus Christ. — 
 ''''Peter the Great as a Rider and Reformer ^^^ by Eugene 
 Schuyler^ Scribner^ s Moiithly^ 1880. 
 
 TERENCE VINCENT POWDERLY, 
 
 ^ Late General Master \A^orkman of the Knights of Labor. 
 
 HRIST was right. He spoke for the poor, worked for 
 the poor, and died for the poor. He went to the 
 bottom of land, money, and labor; was a lover of 
 equality and fraternity; believed that no one was 
 better than his brother man. He combated evils as He 
 found them. His efforts were directed against the money 
 
366 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 changers or bankers of His day ; against the crafty few who^ 
 stole the land from the many. 
 
 Christ founded Christianity; and if Christianity means 
 anything, it means that for which Christ died should be prac- 
 ticed on earth. Churches were founded in His name, but in 
 His name only. If Christ were to visit this earth now, and 
 on a Sunday morning enter one of our fashionable churches 
 dedicated to His honor and glory. He would be given a seat 
 near the door where He would hear His disciples apologizing 
 for the mortal sins of the rich and denouncing the trivial 
 omissions of the poor. He would find the tribes of Judas 
 strong and numerous ; the descendants of those who raised 
 the Cross and nailed Him to it would He find in charge of 
 the political machinery of the day. Christ was right ; His 
 teachings were right; they live on, and will not die. They 
 inspire the lowly, strengthen the weak, and shine out in 
 blazing truth before the oppressed among men. All Chris- 
 tians agree on the divine attributes of Christ ; all believe 
 Him to be the Son of God, and equal to Him in power, love 
 and goodness. 
 
 EDWARD JOHN PHELPS, 
 
 Lawyer; Ex-President American Bar Association; late Ambassador to 
 
 Great Britain; Kent Professor of Law, and Lecturer on Equity 
 
 and International Law, Yale University. 
 
 <HE substantial facts on which Christianity is founded 
 are within the scope of this indispensable rule— the 
 testimony of individual witnesses, over whose graves 
 many centuries have passed. For more than 1800 
 years that truth has been accepted almost universally wher- 
 ever it has been made known. In the history of the world it 
 has been in all generations the most important factor, and has 
 
\ CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 367 
 
 molded and controlled, as nothing else ever did, the conduct, 
 the progress and destiny of the human race. Time and the 
 general assent of humanity have thus established the truth of 
 the fundamental facts of the religion of Jesus Christ. It is 
 too late to deny them or to controvert them by cavil or crit- 
 icism over evidence long passed beyond the region of human 
 scrutiny. And the Faith, so far as it depends on the testi- 
 mony of 'men, rests on the same foundation that justice, 
 experience and necessity concur in according to all facts on 
 which the rights of mankind repose after the witnesses are 
 gone. — From a Lecture before the Yale Divinity School. 
 
 THEOPHILUS PARSONS, 
 
 Chief Justice Supreme Court of Massachusetts, 1806 until death. 
 
 (1750-1813.) 
 
 EXAMINED and weighed the proofs and objections 
 to Christianity many years ago, with the accuracy of 
 a lawyer, and the result was so entirely a conviction 
 of its truth that I have only to regret my belief has 
 
 not more completely influenced my conduct. — Page 313, 
 
 Me'ntoirs. 
 
 WILLIAM HICKLING PRESCOTT, 
 
 Historian, Author, and Poet. (1796-1859.) 
 
 REJOICE, my little friend, that you are a beHever. 
 For my own part, I have no doubt either of the truths 
 of Christianity, or of the momentous and infinite im- 
 portance of those truths. I hear a thousand things 
 from the pulpit that make me smile, yet I would rather be a 
 Christian of the very humblest order of intellect than the 
 most gloriously-gifted infidel that ever blazed like a comet 
 through the atmosphere of earth. — See " The Poems of George 
 D. Prentice^ edited with a Biographical Sketch.'*' 
 
 What we do, we shall indeed be accountable. The doc- 
 
368 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 trines of our Saviour unfold the code of morals by which our 
 conduct shall be regulated. Who, then, whatever difficul- 
 ties he may meet with in particular incidents and opinions 
 recorded in the Gospels, can hesitate to receive the great and 
 religious and moral truth inculcated by the Saviour as the 
 words of inspiration ? I can not, certainly ! On this, then,, 
 I will rest, and for all else *' Wait the great teacher, Death, 
 and God adore ! — ^^Life of William Hickling Prescott^^^ by 
 George Ticknor. 
 
 DANIEL BOARDMAN PURINTON, 
 
 President of Denison University. 
 
 REGARD Jesus Christ as the Central Personage of 
 human history, and the Source of the world's best 
 progress, as well as the Divine Revealer of the only 
 infinite and eternal God. I believe the Holy Scrip- 
 tures to be the inspired record of what men need to know 
 concerning what God has done through Christ in their crea- 
 tion and redemption. An abiding faith in the Bible as a 
 Divine Book, and in Jesus Christ as a living, loving, per- 
 sonal Saviour has, for twenty-five years, furnished me the 
 sweetest, noblest, and richest experiences of my life. My 
 hopes for the future of myself and of all men are centered in 
 Jesus Christ, the Lord. 
 
 c^C^ C^-^^^i-^^-^ 
 
 JAMES PYLE, 
 
 K\j yC) Financier and Manufacturer. 
 
 <p^HRIST and the Bible are to me more than all things 
 \2j else, because they are the only safe Guides .to eter- 
 ^^1^ nal life. I accept His Word as final, His atone- 
 ment as sufficient. His Providence as plain, and His 
 Will as mine. 
 
 /^-^^ 
 
 T-'*-*-^ 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 369 
 
 WILLIAM ORDWAY PARTRIDGE, 
 
 Sculptor; Sculptor of the Kauffmann Memorial, Washington. 
 
 .HE potent personality of our Divine Master still broods 
 over Palestine. It seems but yesterday when our 
 Saviour walked out of Jerusalem, over Judea, through 
 Samaria. . . . Renan said that his own dictum 
 is his only authority. I prefer to trust to the historical se- 
 quences of the ages, and to faith, rather than to this French 
 criiic.^-^ Success^ December^ 1901. 
 
 FRANCIS QUARLES. 
 
 English Poet. (1592-1644.) 
 
 GLORYING IN THE CROSS. 
 
 ''In critce stat securus amorT 
 
 God forbid that I should glory, save in the Cross of Christ.' 
 
 Y trust is in the Cross; let beauty flag 
 - ^Vl. Her loose, her wanton sail ; 
 
 j<^ Let countenance-guilding honor cease to brag 
 In courtly terms and vail ; 
 Let ditch-bred wealth henceforth forget to wag 
 
 Her base though golden tail ; 
 False beauty's conquest is but real loss, 
 
 And wealth but golden dross; 
 Best honor's but a blast : my trust is in the Cross. 
 
 My trust is in the Cross ; there lies my rest ; 
 
 My fast, my sole delight. 
 Let cold-mouthed Boreas, or the hot-mouthed East, 
 
 Blow till they burst with spite; 
 Let earth and hell conspire their best, 
 
 And join their twisted might ; 
 Let showers of thunders-bolts dart down and wound me, 
 
 And troops of fiends surround me, 
 All this may well confront ; all this shall ne'er confound me. 
 
2^0 A CLOUD OF WITNEvSSES. 
 
 JOHN DUNCAN QUACKENBOS, 
 
 Author, and Professor of English Literature in Columbia College. 
 
 ^l_^ .OREMOST of this class in eloquence of diction, sub- 
 ^^^A limity of thought, and versatility of genius stands 
 ^jg^ Isaiah. Majesty, united with elaborate finish; a 
 harmony that delights the soul; a variety that im- 
 parts freshness without detracting from dignity; simplicity, 
 wdth unvarying purity of language, conspire to make the 
 lyric verse of "The Evangelical Prophet" the most appro- 
 priate embodiment of the awful messages of God to the Jews, 
 the promise of a Messiah, and universal peace. 
 
 Of the facts presented in these first five books of the Old 
 Testament, some are confirmed by hieroglyphic inscriptions, 
 but of the greater part we should have no knowledge without 
 the inspired narrative. Aside, therefore, from its religious 
 bearing, the Pentateuch is invaluable as an historical record 
 of primeval ages; while its clear, concise, dignified style, rich 
 with noble thoughts, expressed in the venerable language of 
 authority, is worthy of its sublime subjects. — Pages 96 and 
 <)i of ^^Illustrated History of American Literature^^^ by John 
 JDuncan Quackenbos. 
 
 JOSIAH QUINCY. 
 
 Statesman, and President of Harvard College. 
 {1772-1864.) 
 
 HE great, comprehensive truths, written in letters of 
 living light on every page of our history — the lan- 
 guage addressed by every past age of New England 
 to all future ages, is this : Human happiness has no 
 perfect security but freedom; freedom.^ none but virtue; vir- 
 tue^ 7tone but knowledge ; and neither freedom^ nor virtue^ nor 
 htowledge has any vigor or immortal hope except in the 
 principles of the Christian faith ^ and in the sanctions of the 
 Christian religion. — From ajt address delivered in Bos' on ^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. J^yi 
 
 September 17, 1830 — the close of the second century since the 
 first settlement of that city. 
 
 EDGAR QUINET, 
 
 French Author and Philosopher. (1803-1875.) 
 
 ^F any one thing distinguishes Christianity from preced- 
 ing religions, it is that the Gospel is not the apotheosis 
 of nature in general, but of personality itself. It has 
 this character in its beginning and in its end ; in its 
 monuments and in its dogmas. . . . The internal do- 
 minion of the soul which feels itself greater than the uni- 
 verse — this is the lasting miracle of the Gospel. And this 
 prodigy is no illusion, no allegory; it is reality. In the 
 same manner as in paganism the sea, primitive night, the 
 shoreless chaos, gave a solid basis to popular fictions, here, 
 also, the infinite soul of Christ served as a foundation for all 
 Christian influences ; for, what is the Gospel if it be not an 
 unfolding of the inner world ? All life, all grandeur, as well 
 as all misery, rises from the individual. Suppose, then, that 
 we wish to exalt ourselves in union with all the human 
 race,, we must not deny the dignity of the individual. The 
 noblest work of Christianity is to have consecrated the in- 
 dividual in the highest manner. — Pages 74 and 75, '' Voices 
 of the Church.''^ 
 
 JEAN RACINE, 
 
 J\^ French Dramatic Poet. (1639-1699.) 
 
 ESUS in our hearts designs to shine to-day ; Jesus, who 
 
 2 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 is entirely one with the divine Father, and His divine 
 
 Father is one with Him. 
 
 The Word, image of the Father, left His eternal 
 throne, and of a mortal mother chose to be born Man. He 
 deprived himself of His splendor, and came down, poor and 
 miserable, to teach the guilty race true greatness. — Miscel- 
 laneoiis Writijtgs of Racine. 
 
372 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR. WALTER RALEIGH. 
 
 English Navigator, Statesman, and Courtier. (1552-1618 ) 
 
 The exceeding umbra- 
 geousness of this tree he 
 compareth to the dark 
 and shadowy life of man ; 
 through which the sun of 
 justice being not able to 
 pierce, we have all re- 
 mained in the shadow of 
 death till it pleased Christ, 
 the tree of the Cross for 
 our enlightenment and 
 redemption. — Page 105, 
 ^^Allibone's Prose Quota- 
 tzojtsy 
 
 I entreat you all to join 
 me in prayer that the 
 great God of Heaven, 
 would forgive me, and cast my sins from me, ana 
 that He would receive me into everlasting life ; and I hope to 
 be saved, and to have my sins washed away by the precious 
 blood of our Saviour, Jesus Christ, so I take leave of you all, 
 making my peace with God. — *' Worthies of the World. ""^ 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD 
 RADSTOCK, 
 
 English Statesman. 
 
 TRUST that we shall recognize our duty and our re- 
 sponsibility with reference to that magnificent Gospel 
 which we rejoice in. ... I think it will have 
 your hearty assent when I propose that we spend a 
 short time praying definitely for those who have gone out in 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 373 
 
 the name of Christ by thousands and tens of thousands to 
 other lands. 
 
 Supposing we all had to face these difficulties eighteen 
 hundred years ago, when the Blessed One was upon earthy 
 what would we have done ? We would have said, "We will 
 just go and ask the Lord about it." He would have put it 
 right, do not you think ? Is He less in our midst to-day ? 
 Have we not been looking to our organizations and our plans, 
 and have forgotten Him ? We have forgotten that He is 
 really in each place the Head of the little Church, and that 
 when the little Church recognizes Him as the Head, He 
 will, according to the very constitution of that Church, not 
 merely guide it, but manifest Himself as the Head of the 
 Body. — Pages 73, 90, Volume /, and page 486, Volume Ily 
 ''^Report of the Missionary Conferences^ London^ 1888. 
 
 SAMUEL JACKSON RANDALL, 
 
 Congressman 1863-1890; Twice Speaker of the House, 
 Q^ (1828-1890.) 
 
 (J A 
 
 pyT\ ENTLEMEN, Christianity is true. The man who 
 
 VMT doubts it discredits his own intelligence. I have ex- 
 
 /r'^ amined this matter for myself. 
 
 I know that God has given me influence among 
 my fellow men, and as I have a prospect of recovery I want 
 henceforth to use the influence of my example on the side 
 of Christianity. — Washington Papers. 
 
 Those who enjoyed his friendship will remember that 
 temper which years of sickness and pain seemed only to 
 make sweeter and sweeter, until he at last fell asleep on the 
 bosom of his Saviour, a faithful servant of God. — In Memo- 
 rial Address of Congressman Gibson of Louisiana. 
 
 To my mind, at least, the fact that Samuel J. Randall 
 openly, earnestly embraced the Christian faith ought to go 
 far to confirm the wavering, and remove the doubts of those 
 
374 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 who are hesitating, for he was a strong man, and no fear of 
 death moved him, but his profession was the result of a clear 
 and full conviction that there is a life beyond the grave. — In 
 Memorial Address of Congressman Butterworth of Ohio. 
 
 SIR HENRY RAMSAY, 
 
 British Statesman in India. {1816-1893.) 
 
 HE true President of this conference is the Lord 
 Jesus Christ, and the promise of His Divine presence 
 is the surest guarantee of success. We must forget 
 all differences of opinion and look to Him who is the 
 
 Light of the world. — Page 285," Twelve Indian Statesmen,^^ 
 
 by George Smith. 
 
 JOHN RANDOLPH, 
 
 Orator and Statesman. ( 1773-1833.) 
 
 WAS raised by a pious mother (God bless her mem- 
 ory), who taught me the Christian religion in all its 
 requirements. But, alas! I grew up an infidel com- 
 plete, a decided deist. But when I became a man, in 
 this as well as other matters, I resolved to examine for my- 
 self, and never pin my faith to another man's sleeve. So I 
 bought this Bible ; I studied over it ; I sought and procured 
 those books for and against, and when my labors were, ended 
 I came to this irresistible conclusion, that the Bible is true. 
 It would have been as easy for a mole to have written Sir 
 Isaac Newton's treatise on optics as for uninspired men to 
 have written the Bible. 
 
 Have you read THE BOOK? What I say on this sub- 
 ject I not only believe, but I know to be true — that the 
 Bible studied with an humble and a contrite heart never yet 
 failed to do its work. ... I would not give up my 
 slender portion of the price paid for our redemption — yes, 
 my brother, our redemption — the ransom of sinners — . . . 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 375 
 
 I say I would not exchange my little portion in the Son of 
 David for the power and glory of the Parthian and Roman 
 empires, as described by Milton in the temptation of our 
 Lord, not for all with which the enemy tempted the Saviour 
 of men. — From a letter to his brother-in-law^ the Hon. St. 
 George Tucker. 
 
 LEOPOLD RANKE, 
 
 German Historian. (1795-1886.) 
 
 ^T was at this period of the world's development that 
 Jesus Christ was born. How obscure and unpretend- 
 ing was His life ! His occupation was to heal the sick 
 and to discourse of God in parables with a few fisher- 
 men, who did not always understand His words. He had 
 not where to lay His head. Yet, even from the worldly 
 point of view whence we consider it, we may safely assert 
 that nothing more guileless, or more impressive, or more 
 exalted, or more holy, has ever been seen on earth than were 
 His life. His whole conversation, and His death. In His 
 every word there breathes the pure spirit of God. They are 
 words, as Peter expressed it, of eternal life. The records of 
 humanity present nothing that can be compared, however 
 remotely, with the life of Jesus. As on the coins of Con- 
 stantine, the labarum, with the monogram of Christ, is seen 
 to rise above the conquered dragon, so did the worship and 
 name of Jesus exalt itself over the vanquished gods of hea- 
 thenism. — ^'History of the Popes^ their Church mid State ^'^^ 
 by Leopold Ranke^ and translated by E. Foster^ Volume ly 
 pages 2, 3, and 6. 
 
 FRANCIS A. ROE, 
 
 Rear-Admiral. 
 
 HE religion of Jesus Christ, and its Bible, is the only 
 source or fountain of righteousness, justice or peace 
 to man on earth. ^_^ ^^-^ 
 
Hi 
 
 376 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN RAY, 
 
 English Naturalist. (1628-1705.) 
 
 vOR the cure of this disease an humble, serious, hearty 
 ^Xch repentance is the only physic; not to expiate the 
 guilt of it, but to qualify us to partake of the benefit 
 of Christ's atonement. — Page 623, ^^Allibone^s Prose 
 Quotations y 
 
 Let us admire the transcendent and unmerited goodness 
 of God in doing such great things for us as sending His Son 
 into the world to take our nature upon Him, to suffer death 
 for our sins, and to give us the promise of eternal life ; and 
 let us endeavor in some measure to answer this love by 
 suitable affection of the most ardent gratitude that the eter- 
 nal Son of God, equal with the Father, shall so highly 
 advance our nature as to unite it with the Divine in one 
 Person. — ^^Life of Ray^^^ ^''Sunday at Home^^^ 1876. 
 
 THOMAS BUCHANAN READ, 
 
 Poet and Artist. (1822-1872.) 
 
 THE NATIVITY. 
 
 HE air was still o'er Bethlehem's plain, 
 As if the great night held its breath, 
 When Life Eternal came to reign 
 Over a world of death. 
 
 All nature felt a thrill Divine 
 
 When burst that meteor on the night ; 
 
 Which, pointing to the Saviour's shrine, 
 Proclaimed the new-born Light, 
 
 Light to the shepherds ! and the star 
 Gilded their silent midnight fold ; 
 
 Light to the wise men from afar, 
 Bearing their gifts of gold. 
 
 Light to a realm of sin and grief; 
 
 Light to a world in all its needs ; 
 The Light of Life, a new belief, 
 
 Rising o'er fallen creeds. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES 377 
 
 Light on a tangled path of thorns, 
 Though leading to a martyr's throne ; 
 
 A light to guide till Christ returns 
 In glory to His own. 
 
 There still it shines, while far abroad 
 The Christmas choir sings now, as then, 
 
 " Glory, glory unto our God ! 
 Peace and good- will to men ! " 
 
 CHARLES READE, 
 
 English Novelist. ( 1814-1884.) 
 
 jG^T^^ inscription by Mr. Reade may be found on pages 
 
 \raL 335) Volume II, of "Charles Reade, a Memoir," by 
 
 ^ (^ Charles L. Reade and the Rev. Compton Reade. 
 
 This was written not only to leave behind a record 
 
 of his religious attitude, but to silence certain critics of his 
 
 time. 
 
 This inscription, prepared a few days before his death, ap- 
 pears on his monument : 
 
 Here Lie 
 
 By the Side of His Beloved Friend 
 
 the Mortal Remains of 
 
 CHARLES READE, 
 
 Dramatist, Novelist, and Journalist. 
 
 His last words to Mankind are on this stone. 
 
 I hope for resurrection, not from any power in nature, but 
 from the will of the Lord God Omnipotent, who made na- 
 ture and me. He created man out of nothing, which nature 
 could not. He can restore man from the dust, which nature 
 can not. And I hope for holiness and happiness in a future 
 life, not for anything I have said or done in this body, but 
 from the merits and mediation of Jesus Christ. He has 
 promised His intercession ; once granted, can not be rejected; 
 for He is God, and His merits are infinite; a man's sins are 
 but human and finite. " Him that cometh to me, I will in 
 
378 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 no wise cast out." ^'If any man sin, we have an Advocate 
 with the Father, Jesus Christ, the Righteous; and He is the 
 propitiation for our sins." 
 
 WHITELAW REID, 
 
 Journalist, Editor of the New York Tribune, and Diplomat. 
 
 SHOULD have little respect for any man who had 
 reached serious years and had not given much seri- 
 ous thought to the questions relating to religion and 
 a future state. I have known few well-balanced and 
 intellectual men, of mature age, who either did not have a 
 sincere faith in the revealed doctrines of the Holy Bible and 
 of the religion of Jesus Christ, or did not wish they might 
 have — and I have never known any other men more thor- 
 oughly deserving pity than those who could not realize that 
 
 CHARLES FRANCIS RICHARDSON, 
 
 Author, Journalist, and Educator. 
 
 LOVE. 
 
 )F suddenly upon the street 
 My gracious Saviour I should meet. 
 And He would say, "As I love thee, 
 What love hast thou to offer Me ? " 
 Then what could this poor heart of mine 
 Dare to offer to that heart Divine ? 
 
 His eye would pierce my outward show, 
 His thought my inmost thought would know 
 And if I said, " I love Thee, I^ord," 
 He would not heed my spoken word, 
 Because my daily life would tell 
 If verily I loved Him well. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 379 
 
 LORD ROBERTS, 
 
 British Field-Marshal. 
 
 M LMIGHTY FATHER, I have often sinned 
 fji against Thee. O wash me In the 
 ^^^ precious blood of the Lamb of God 
 Fill me with Thy Holy Spirit that I may lead 
 a new life Spare me to see again those 
 whom I love at home, or fit me for Thy 
 presence in peace. 
 
 If it be Thy will, enable us to win victory 
 for England but above all ^rant us the 
 better victory over temptation and sin. over 
 life and death, that 've may be more than 
 conquerors through Him who loved us and 
 laid down His life for us, Jesus our Saviour, 
 the Captain of the Army of God. 
 
 y^ Amen. 
 
 M 
 
 JEAN PAUL FRED RICHTER, • 
 
 German Author. (1763-1825.) 
 
 )IVING religion grows not by the doctrines but by the 
 
 narratives of the Bible ; the best Christian religious 
 
 t^ doctrines are the life of Jesus Christ, and after that 
 
 the sufferings and deaths of His followers, even those 
 
 not spoken of in the Holy Scriptures. — '^^Levana^ Second 
 
 Fragment ^^'' Section 38, Bohn Edition. 
 
 DAVID RITTENHOUSE, 
 
 Astronomer and Mathematician (1732-1796.) 
 
 IS house and his manner of living exhibited the taste 
 of a philosopher and the temper of a Christian. His 
 researches into natural philosophy gave him just 
 ideas of the Divine perfections. But he did not con- 
 ^ne himself to the instructions of nature ; he saw the neces- 
 sity of something more; he believed the Christian revelation. 
 
380 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 He observed, as one argument in favor of its truth, that the 
 miracles of our Saviour differed entirely from all pretended 
 miracles, in being entirely of a benevolent nature. The tes- 
 timony of a man possessed of an exalted understanding to 
 the fullness of Christian evidence outweighs the declarations 
 of thousands. — Page io2j^^^ The Encyclopcsdia of Religious 
 Knowledge y 
 
 CHARLES RITTER, 
 
 German Geographer. (1779-1859.) 
 
 ^N respect to my eternity my Saviour and my Redeemer 
 will decide according to His grace. While deeply con- 
 scious of my unworthiness and sins, I am still trust- 
 ing, because I know that God is the everlasting love 
 and mercy, and that "my Redeemer liveth," who maketh 
 His faithful to be the partakers of the grace of the eternal 
 and righteous. — Page 187, ^^God^s Witnesses in the Kingdom 
 of Nature ^^ by Otto Boeckler^ Professor in the University of 
 Greifswald. 
 
 WILLIAM CABELL RIVES, 
 
 United States Senator, 1832 and 1845; Twice Minister to France. 
 
 (1793-1868.) 
 
 .HE blessings of a free government cannot, I am con- 
 vinced, be long preserved anywhere but by the influ- 
 ence and discipline of the Christian religion deeply 
 planted in the hearts and lives of all classes. In a 
 popular government how vital the necessity that this sense 
 of responsibility should be fortified and enforced, in the minds 
 of both the people and their agents, by those sanctions which 
 the Word of God only can supply. . . . Build upon the 
 sure foundation — the records of Divine Truth in the hands 
 and in the hearts of the people, as the ever-present rule and 
 guide of life. — ' ' Testimonies to the Value of the Sacred Scrip- 
 lures ^ ' ' by the American Bible Society, 
 
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A CLOUD OF WITNESSKS. 381 
 
 THEODORE ROOSEVELT, 
 
 Governor of New York; late Colonel of the "Rough Riders"; 
 Twenty-sixth President of the United States. 
 
 BELIEVE in practical or applied Christianity. No 
 sincere Christian will leave to the representatives of 
 Satan the strong qualities. Cultivate the qualities of 
 many-sided strength. I want you not only to be able 
 to abstain, but I want you to be able to hold your own in the 
 world, not merely to endure, but to fight the good fight of 
 faith ; not merely to refrain from doing evil, but to war 
 valiantly for righteousness against evil, for the great Captain 
 of your salvation! I preach "the sword of the Lord and of 
 Gideon!" — Pari of an Address before the V. M. C. A. of Al- 
 bany, New York^ March^ 1899. 
 
 JOHN WILMOT ROCHESTER, 
 
 English Author and Courtier. (1647-1680.) 
 
 kOR the benefit of those whom I have drawn into sin, 
 j_ A by my example and encouragement, I leave the world 
 ^ -^ this my last declaration, which I deliver in the pres- 
 ^ ence of the GREAT GOD, who knows the secrets 
 of all hearts, and before whom I am preparing to be judged; 
 that, from the bottom of my soul, I detest and abhor the 
 whole course of my wicked life ; that I can never sufficiently 
 admire the goodness of God, who has given me a true sense 
 of my pernicious opinions and vile practices by which I have 
 hitherto lived, without hope, and without God in the world ; 
 having been an open enemy to Jesus Christ, doing the utmost 
 despite to the Holy Spirit of grace ; and that the greatest 
 testimony of my charity to such is to warn them in the name 
 of God, and as they regard the welfare of their immortal 
 souls, no more to deny His being or His Providence, or 
 despise His goodness ; no more to make a mock of sin, or 
 contemn the pure and excellent religion of my ever blessed 
 
382 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Redeemer, through whose merits alone I, one of the greatest 
 of sinners, do yet hope for mercy and forgiveness. Amen ! 
 Declared and signed in the presence of 
 
 J. Rochester, 
 Ann Rochester, 
 Robert Parsons. 
 — From a small Volume ,by Dr. Burnet : ^^Some Passages in 
 i}ie Life and Death of John ^ Earl of Rochester, ^^ 
 
 GEORGE JOHN ROMANES,* 
 
 British Psychologist and Zoologist. (1848-1894.) 
 
 HE doctrines of the Incarnation and the Trinity 
 seemed to be most absurd to me in my agnostic 
 days. Now I see in them no rational difficulty at 
 all. Once it seemed to me impossible that any 
 proposition, verbally intelligible as such, could be more vio- 
 lently absurd than the doctrine of the Incarnation. Now 
 I see that this standpoint is wholly irrational, due only to 
 the blindness of reason itself, promoted by purely scientific 
 thought. 
 
 Christ foretold repeatedly that while those who received 
 the Holy Ghost, who came to the Father through faith in 
 the Son, who were born again of the Spirit, would be abso- 
 lutely certain of Christian truth, as it were, by direct intuition. 
 The carnally minded, on the other hand, would not be affected 
 by any amount of direct evidence, even though one rose from 
 the dead — as indeed Christ shortly afterwards did, with ful- 
 iillment of this prediction. 
 
 One of the strongest pieces of objective evidence in favor 
 of Christianity is not sufficiently enforced by apologists. 
 Indeed, I am not aware that I have ever seen it mentioned. 
 It is the absence from the biography of Christ of any doc- 
 trines which the subsequent growth of human knowledge, 
 whether in natural science, ethics, or elsewhere, has had 
 
 *The writer of "Thoughts" returned before his death to that full, de- 
 liberate cotninunion with the Church of Jesus Christ which he had for eo 
 many years been conscientiously con.pelled to ^.ox^ 'go— Editor. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 385. 
 
 to discount. This negative argument is almost as strong as 
 is the positive one from what Christ did teach. For when 
 we consider that in literal truth there is no reason why any 
 of His words should ever pass away in the sense of becom- 
 ing obsolete. — ''^Thoughts on Religion^'''' by George John 
 Romanes^ edited by Charles Gore. 
 
 SAMUEL ROGERS, 
 
 English Poet. (1763-1856.) 
 
 oOj 
 
 FROM "THE VOYAGE OF COEUMBUS." 
 
 'OT thine the olive, but the sword to bring. 
 Not peace, but war ! Yet from these shores shall spring" 
 Peace without end ; from these, with blood defiled, 
 Spread the pure spirit of thy. Master mild ! 
 Here, in His train, shall arts and arms attend — ■ 
 Arts to adorn, and arms but to defend. 
 Assembling here, all nations shall be blessed ; 
 The sad be comforted, the weary rest ; 
 Untouch'd shall drop the fetters from the slave, 
 And He shall rule the world He died to save. 
 
 —Ca?tto XIL 
 
 JOSEPH COMPTON RICKETT, 
 
 Member British Parliament. 
 
 ^F a man rejects the revelation of Jesus Christ do not 
 argue with him. Send him to the nearest preacher, 
 making his direct appeal to the heart. Since we must, 
 have religion, and a religion under some form, we may 
 prove to our opponents that the best available one is Chris- 
 tianity. The argument which presses home upon the con- 
 science the claims of the Bible rests on the fact that the Book 
 is the vehicle of Divine revelation. Like the ark of the 
 Hebrews, it becomes the seat of revelation when the Spirit 
 of God descends upon it in living flame; the Book becomes 
 a precious thing illuminated and "glorified on every page. — 
 Address at the Twenty seventh Annual Meeting, Christian 
 Evidence Society, London. 
 
384 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HENRY WADE ROGERS, 
 
 President of Northwestern University; Late Dean of Law School, 
 University of Michigan. 
 
 HEARTILY accept the Bible as the Word of God, 
 and sincerely believe in Jesus Christ as the Saviour of 
 men. The happiness and the peace of the world are 
 dependent on the inspired doctrines which the book 
 teaches, and which Jesus of Nazareth proclaimed among the 
 people. The hope of the nations lies in the acceptance of the 
 principles of the Christian religion. The most perfect man- 
 hood and womanhood is that which most nearly conforms to 
 the Christian ideals. 
 
 ^^n^M^ /^ ^ ^ n. ^"^yU^ - 
 
 PETER MARK ROGET, 
 
 English Physician, Physiologist, and Writer. (1779-1869.) 
 
 "APPILY there has been vouchsafed to us, from a 
 higher source, a pure and heavenly light to guide our 
 faltering steps and animate our fainting spirit in 
 this dark and dreary research ; revealing those truths 
 which imports us most of all to know, giving to mortality 
 higher sanctions ; elevating our powers and our affections 
 to nobler objects that belong to earth, and inspiring more 
 exalted themes of thanksgiving and praise. — Page 447, Vol- 
 ume 11^ in Bridgewater Treatise of ''''Animal and Vegetable 
 Physiology ^^ by Peter Mark Roget^ late Secretary of the 
 Royal Society^ and author of ^^ Thesaurus of English Words 
 and Phrases.^'' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 385 
 
 CHARLES ROLLIN, 
 
 French Historian. (1661-1741.) 
 
 E see here the principal fruits to be derived from 
 the study of profane history, of which every page 
 declares what mankind were during so many 
 ages, and what we ourselves would still have 
 been had not the peculiar mercy which made known the 
 Saviour of the world to us drawn us out of the abyss in 
 which all our forefathers were swallowed up. " It is of the 
 Lord's mercies we are not consumed! " A mercy freely and 
 entirely conferred, which we have no power to deserve in 
 any manner of ourselves, and for which we ought to render 
 eternal homage of gratitude and praise to the grace of Jesus 
 Christ. — From ^^ Conclusion of the Whole Work^'' Volume 11^ 
 page 626, Rollings Ancient History. 
 
 JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU, 
 
 French Philosopher and Writer. (1712-1778.) 
 
 WILL confess to you, that the majesty of the Scrip- 
 tures strikes me with admiration, as the purity of the 
 Gospel has its influence upon my heart. Peruse the 
 works of our philosophers, with all their pomp of 
 diction, hOw mean, how contemptible, are they compared 
 with the Scriptures ! Is it possible that a Book, at once so 
 sublime and so simple, can be the work of man ? Is it pos- 
 sible that the Person whose history it relates be Himself a 
 mere man? . . . Yes, if the life and death of Socrates 
 are those of a philosopher, the life and death of Jesus 
 Christ are those of a God. Should we suppose the Gospel 
 was a story, invented to please? It is not in this manner 
 that we forge tales ; for the actions of Socrates, of which no 
 person has the least doubt, are less satisfactorily attested 
 than those of Jesus Christ. — '^Emilius and Sophia^^^ Vol. 
 III^ Book /F, pages 136 and 139 {English Edition^ ^7^7) 
 
386 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 DANTE GABRIEL ROSETTI, 
 
 British Painter and Poet. (1828-1882.) 
 COMMUNION HYMN. 
 
 G\ 
 
 ^ 
 
 _^^N a fair Sabbath-day, when his banquet is spread, 
 It is pleasant to feast with my Eord; 
 
 *|^ His stewards stand robed at the foot and the head 
 Of the soul-filling, life-giving board. 
 
 No feast where the stomach alone hath its fill — 
 
 He gives me His body and blood; 
 The blood and the body (I'll think of it still) 
 
 Of my Lord, which is Christ, which is God. 
 
 FRIEDRICH RUCKERT, 
 
 German Lyric Poet and Orientalist. (1788-1866.) 
 
 BETHLEHEM AND GOLGOTHA. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ ^ THOU who in a manger lying, 
 
 <E/ Wert willing to be born a child,. 
 (^ And on the Cross in anguish dying, 
 The world to God hast reconciled ! 
 To pride, how mean Thy lowly manger ! 
 How infamous Thy Cross ! yet stranger ! 
 Humility became the law 
 At Bethlehem and Golgotha. 
 
 Proud kings, to worship One descended 
 From humble shepherds, thither came ; 
 
 And nations to the Cross have wended 
 As pilgrims to adore His name. 
 
 By war's fierce tempest rudely battered. 
 
 The world but not the Cross was shattered 
 When East and West it struggling saw 
 Round Bethlehem and Golgotha. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 387 
 
 LORD JOHN RUSSELL, 
 
 British Statesman. (1792-1878.) 
 
 PREFER the simple words of Christ to any dogmatic 
 
 interpretation of them, and accept the fundamental 
 
 truths of Christianity, the only revealed religion, as 
 
 the basis of my faith. (*) I fall back on the faith of 
 
 my childhood. — See his Life^ by Stuart J. Reid, 
 
 * His dying words. 
 
 PETER PAUL RUBENS, 
 
 Flemish Painter, (i 577-1640.) 
 
 .HE best of the examples that Leonardo has left us in 
 the Lord's Supper, in which he has represented the 
 Apostles in places suitable to them, but our Saviour is 
 in the midst of them all, being the most honorable, 
 having no figure near enough to press or incommode Him. 
 His attitude is grave. His arms are in a loose, free posture, 
 to show the greater grandeur ; while the Apostles appear in 
 agitation, by their vehement desire to know which of them 
 should betray their master. — Written in Ruben'* s own hand 
 in a Latin manuscript^ and translated by De Piles. See page 
 524, Vol. 11^ of ^^ A General Directory of Painter s^^^ by 
 Matthew Pilkington. 
 
 LORD WILLIAM RUSSELL, 
 
 English Patriot. (1639-1683.) 
 
 HAVE the assurance of the love and mercy of God, in 
 and through my blessed Redeemer, in whom I trust; 
 and I do not question but I am going to partake of 
 that fulness of joy which is in His presence forever- 
 jnore. — Page 112, Volume II of ^^ The Life of Lord William 
 
388 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Russell^ with Some Account of the Times in which he Lived^'^ 
 by Lord John Russell. 
 
 BENJAMIN RUSH, 
 
 Physician ; Signer of the Declaration of Independence. 
 
 ^ (.745-8.3.) 
 
 r l^ Y excellent wife, I must leave you, but God will take 
 . ^\. ^^^^ of yoVi. By the mystery of Thy holy incarna- 
 ^^^kr^ tion ; by Thy holy nativity ; by Thy baptism, fasting, 
 and temptation; by Thine agony and bloody sweat ; 
 by Thy cross and passion ; by Thy precious death and 
 burial ; by Thy glorious resurrection and ascension, and by 
 the coming of the Holy Ghost, blessed Jesus, wash away all 
 my impurities, and receive me into Thy everlasting king- 
 dom. — Page 45, ^^ American Medical Biography.'''' 
 
 I know there is an objection among many people to teach- 
 ing children doctrines of any kind, because they are liable to 
 be controverted. But let us not be wiser than our Maker. If 
 moral precepts alone could have reformed mankind, the mis- 
 sion of the Son of God into all the world would have been 
 unnecessary. The perfect morality of the Gospel rests upon 
 the doctrine which, though often controverted has never 
 been refuted : I mean the vicarious life and death of the Son 
 of God. — ^^ Essays^ Literary^ Moral^ and Philosophical^^'' (1798^ 
 2d ed.^ 1806.) 
 
 JACOB RUSH, 
 
 Lawyer; Chief-Justice Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. 
 %^ (X746-XS.O.) 
 
 '^^''OU have imbrued your hands in innocent blood for 
 
 <^ 
 
 -\\ the sake of a little money. And though the water 
 
 Z ^^^S^ ^f the mountain hath washed the stain from your 
 
 garments, and from your hands, yet oceans of water 
 
 can never wash away the stain of guilt from your conscience. 
 
 Nothing can possibly do this but the efficacious and all- 
 
A CLOUD OF WiTNEvSSES. 389 
 
 <:leansing blood of a SAVIOUR. Be advised, therefore, to 
 set about the great duty of repentance, and working out your 
 salvation with fear and trembling. — Extract from a Se7itejtce 
 to a prisoner guilty of murder. See ^^ Charges on Moral and 
 Religious Subjects ^^^ by Jacob Rush. 
 
 JOHN RUSKIN, 
 
 English Art Writer. 
 
 ^T^ FIRM word con- 
 
 ^C^Sl. cerning Christian- 
 
 ^ Cy^ ity itself . . . 
 what was the to- 
 tal meaning of it? . . . 
 The total meaning was, and 
 is, that the God who made 
 earth and its creatures took 
 at a certain time upon the 
 earth the flesh and form of 
 man ; in that flesh sustained 
 pain, and died the death of 
 the creature He had made ; 
 rose again after the dead 
 
 into a glorious human life, and when the date of the human 
 race is ended will return in visible form and render to 
 every man according to his work. Christianity is the belief 
 in, and the love of, God thus manifested. — Vohmie II, 
 ^^Ruskiit^s Prceterita?'' 
 
 The English people are in possession of a Book which tells 
 them, straight from the lips of God, all they ought to do and 
 need to know. I have read that Book with as much care as 
 the most of them for some forty years; and am thankful that 
 on those who trust it I can press its pleadings. My en- 
 deavor has uniformly been to make them trust it more deeply 
 than they do ; trust it, not in their own favorite verses only, 
 
390 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 but in the sum of all ; trust it, not as a fetich or talisman 
 which they are to be saved by daily repetition of, but as a 
 Captain's order, to be obeyed at their peril. — See Preface to 
 * ' The Crown of Olives. ' ' 
 
 ■ THE RIGHT HONORABLE LORD REAY, 
 
 Late Governor of Bombay ; President Royal Asiatic Society and Univer- 
 sity College, London ; Chairman London School Board. 
 
 ,HERE is no necessity to re-unite Christians. Chris- 
 tians are united. Christians ought to work together 
 for the cause of Christ. Christ is the great Head of 
 the Church. Christ is living among us. We should 
 aim to bring a living Saviour to the homes of what is called 
 the lapsed classes, and to bring the Divine Scriptures to them 
 as in apostolic days. — London City Magazine^ June^ 1896. 
 
 JAMES P. RUSLING, 
 
 Lawyer and General. 
 
 THINK Jesus Christ is incomparable, and the Holy 
 Scriptures inestimable. They are the chiefest mir- 
 acles of all time, and the supreme good of the world 
 to-day and forever. Christ and the Bible are the 
 complete and absolute Revelations of God. 
 
 I will tell you why I felt confident we would win at Gettysburg. 
 Before the battle I retired alone to my room in the White House and 
 got down on my knees and prayed to Almighty God to give us the 
 victory. I said to Him that this was His war, and that if He would 
 stand by the Nation now, I would stand by Him the rest of my life. 
 He gave us the victory and I propose to keep my pledge. — President 
 Lincoln's Conversation with Generals Rusting and Sickles. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 39I 
 
 JAMES WHITCOMB RILEY, 
 
 Poet. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM -AFTERWHILES.' 
 
 First graven in symbols of stone, 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^X^ET never the Story may tire us, 
 
 ^^32* Rewritten on scrolls of papyrus 
 
 And parchment, and scattered and blown 
 
 By the winds of the tongues of all nations, 
 lyike a litter of leaves wildly whirled 
 
 Down the rack of a hundred translations, 
 From the earliest lisp of the world. 
 
 By the splendor in the Heavens, and the hush upon the sea, 
 And the majesty of silence reigning over Galilee, 
 We feel Thy kingly presence, and we humbly bow the knee, 
 And lift our hearts and voices in gratefulness to Thee. 
 
 Thy messenger has spoken, and our doubts have fled and gone 
 As the dark and spectral shadows of the night before the dawn ; 
 And, in the kindly shelter of the light around us drawn, 
 We would nestle down forever in the breast we lean upon. 
 
 You have given us a Shepherd, You have given us a Guide, 
 
 And the light of Heaven grew dimmer when You sent Him from Your 
 
 side; 
 But He comes to lead Thy children where the gates will open wide 
 To welcome His returning when His works are glorified. 
 
 JOSEPH RUSTON, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 <HERE are some people who seem to say : *' Leave the 
 Christianity of your missions alone, and take, if you 
 like, civilization to these people ; teach them their 
 duty to their neighbor; teach them to give up their 
 horrible practices of cruelty and fraud." From such an advo- 
 
392 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 cate I want to know where he gets his humanity from. I say 
 the highest humanity is to be found in the teachings of 
 Christ ; and if you take them the teachings of Christ you 
 will have given them that which is a higher humanity than 
 can be found elsewhere. ... I think there is no agency in 
 connection with the Christian Church which is so dear to the 
 heart of Christian people as that of missions. We all remem- 
 ber the time of our childhood, how our hearts were thrilled, 
 and how an enthusiasm was kindled, by the recital of mis- 
 sionaries of their Christian work ; and even now, in our 
 maturer years, that enthusiasm, if it has become somewhat 
 sobered, has become characterized by a not less intense zeal. 
 — From a speech delivered in Exeter Hall before the London 
 Missionary Society, 
 
 LEVERETT SALTONSTALL, 
 
 Lawyer. 
 
 HAT has Jesus Christ not done for humanity? 
 It is impossible to picture to the imagination the 
 world as it would be to-day without the wondrous 
 power and influence which for eighteen centuries 
 has impelled His followers to everything great and good they 
 have accomplished. The blessings of home, with honor, 
 truth, righteousness, charity, and all the higher virtues, pro- 
 ceed from Jesus Christ. The greatness and glory of Greece, 
 with her schools of philosophy, her magnificent shrines, her 
 poetry, eloquence, and art, were long past their meridian, and 
 were fast fading into insignificance, while the Roman Em- 
 pire was just bursting into power and splendor, when Jesus 
 was born in an obscure province of this great empire, His 
 Gospel destined to shed its blessed light over its remotest 
 corner, until now it illuminates the civilized world — miracle 
 of miracles ! Truly, at the name of Jesus Christ all hearts 
 should overflow with love and gratitude, especially at that 
 holy season commemorative of His birth. — Christian Regis- 
 ter^ December 22, 1887. 
 
m 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 393 
 
 IRA DAVID SANKEY, 
 
 Vocalist, and Composer of Sacred Music. 
 
 FEW years ago it was said that the old Bible was^ 
 passing away; that Science was going to remove 
 ^ (^ the Bible. This puts me in mind of an incident I 
 heard recently. An Irishman was building a stone 
 wall, and one of these wise philosophers came along, and 
 said, ^' Patrick, that wall will fall down. I would not build 
 any more." Patrick replied, "My dear sir, I call your atten- 
 tion to this fact, that I am building this wall four feet thick 
 and three feet high, and when it tumbles over it will be taller 
 than it was before." So I say about the Bible, when they 
 have upset the Bible, it will be larger than before. 
 
 I am glad to see these two flags here to-day, representing 
 the two great English-speaking nations that are to lead the 
 van of Christianity, and to bring light and joy to all nations 
 of the earth. I am in favor of every institution that will 
 hold up Jesus Christ as the great essential magnet for both 
 countries and all lands. ... As we gather together 
 in Jesus' name, the great moral Christian sense of these two 
 nations will say to the politicians, " No more war." 
 There can be no war where Christ's doctrines are held and 
 believed. Jesus Christ came along with this blessed message, 
 '' Peace on earth, and good will to men ! " — From his Address 
 at the International Christian Endeavor Convention^ Neii^ 
 York^July 7-10, 1892. 
 
 SIR JOSEPH SAVORY, 
 
 Lord Mayor of London. 
 
 HRIST is the Saviour of the world, ''the Lord our 
 1^^ Righteousness." ''His name shall endure forever 
 His name shall be continued as long as the sun, and 
 men shall be blessed in Him, all nations shall call 
 Him blessed." 
 
394 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 I believe that the Bible is the Word of God, the sword of 
 the Spirit, given to us for use in our conflicts with the world, 
 the flesh, and the devil. I^et us search the Holy Scriptures, 
 for they testify of Jesus Christ, and are able to make us wise 
 tinto salvation. 
 
 <^'> 
 
 2 
 
 THE MARQUIS OF SALISBURY, 
 
 Prime Minister of Great Britian. 
 
 <2/ 
 
 '^'^ UR conquest is an invitation from Providence to take 
 advantage of the means to spread the Gospel . . 
 
 ^^ The Cross of Christ must shine upon the peoples of 
 this world with unblemished splendor . . . Caution 
 within the limits of devotion and enthusiasm is the duty of 
 our missionaries in foreign lands, who not only preach the 
 Gospel of the Son of God, but are also representing to the 
 eyes of the inhabitants to whom they preach the character 
 jand aims of the people from whom they come. They must 
 3iot abandon the earnest prosecution of their life work, namely, 
 the spreading of the worship of Christ and obedience to His 
 Cross; but prudence is necessary in order that their devotion 
 and sacrifice may succeed. — See Address before the Bicen- 
 ienary of the Society for the Promulgation of the Gospel in 
 JForeign Parts. 
 
 JOHN GODFREY SAXE, 
 
 Poet. (1816-1887.) 
 
 THE OIvD CHAPEIy BEI.I.. 
 
 I never tolled a deeper knell, 
 
 Than when, in after years. 
 They laid her in the churchyard here, 
 
 Where this low mound appears, 
 (The veiy grave, my boy, that you 
 
 Are watering now with tears ! ) 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 395 
 
 // is thy mother ! gentle boy, 
 
 That claims this tale of mine. 
 Thou art a flower whose fatal birth 
 
 Destroyed the parent vine ! 
 A precious flower art thou, my child 
 
 TWO LIVES WERE GIVEN FOR THINE f 
 
 One was thy sainted mother's, when 
 
 She gave thee mortal birth ; 
 And one the Saviour's, when in death 
 
 He shook the solid earth ! 
 Go, boy, and live as may befit 
 
 Thy life's exceeding worth ! 
 
 m 
 
 FRIEDRICH WILHELM SCHELLING, 
 
 German Philosopher. (1775-1854.) 
 
 v>S regards the hypothesis that the life of Christ wai5 
 adorned by myths I suppose that every one will 
 
 ^ {oy admit that only such a life is glorified by myths 
 and legends as has been already in some manner 
 distinguished and moved into a higher region. Now the 
 question is, How, in this Jewish country, did rabbi Jesus be- 
 come the object of such glorification? Was it in virtue of 
 His teaching? The stones which they took up show how 
 the Jews received this. What, then, is the presuppositioir 
 which may render so extraordinary a glorification probable? 
 Only if we grant that Christ passed for what we have recog^ 
 nized Him to be^ is it conceivable that in consequence of 
 this opinion certain '' myths " may have arisen. But if we 
 grant this, we must presuppose the entire dignity of Christ, 
 quite independently of the Gospels. It is not the Gospels 
 which are necessary in order that we may recognize the 
 majesty of Christ, but it is the dignity of Christ which is nec- 
 essary in order that we may be able to comprehend the Gospel 
 narratives. — '''' Philosophie der Offenbarung^^ Sammtliche 
 Werke^ Part 11^ Volume IV^ page 233. 
 
39^ A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 KARL WILHELM FRIEDRICH VON 
 SCHLEGEL, 
 
 German Philosopher and Critic. (1772-1829.) 
 
 'NQUIRY into the history of universal mental culture 
 has almost everywhere shown that art, history, science 
 are but so many developments, illustrations, or figur- 
 ative applications of the imperishable Word of Divine 
 Revelation. 
 
 Eminent Protestants have recently acknowledged and 
 vindicated the Divine origin of the Bible and the Divinity 
 of Christ in a peculiar and somewhat novel way. This is 
 only an additional testimony to the truth as an earnest of 
 its triumphs: 
 
 Christian perfection and blessedness are sublimely veiled 
 in these three holy books, as in a cloud. Job shows us faith 
 in the heroic endurance of suffering; Solomon declares to 
 us lyove in symbolic mystery, whilst the Psalms breathe 
 forth hope in the struggle of earthly aspiration. In the 
 latter, Christ, the eternal Word of life and reconciliation, 
 everywhere clearly represents Himself, and therefore the 
 Psalms have ever been, and will continue to be for all Chris- 
 tian time, the principal chant in all Church melody. They 
 delineate the meeting of the Father and the Son, the anxious 
 longing of the Son to be once more with the Father after a 
 painful separation, and the merciful condescension of the 
 Father, as they seek out each other in the surges of creation, 
 and approach each other on the central grounds of love. — 
 Pages 394, 392, and ()()^ ^^SchlegeVs History of Literature ^ 
 
 JOHANN CHRISTOPH FRIEDRICH 
 SCHILLER, 
 
 German Poet. (1759-1805.) 
 
 OVE is the ladder by which w^e climb up to the like- 
 ness of God. Unconsciously to ourselves, without 
 ^ laying claim to it, we aim at this. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 397 
 
 Friendless was the great world's Master ; 
 And feeling this, He made the spirit world 
 Blessed mirrors of His own blessedness ! 
 And though the Highest found no equal, 
 Yet infinitude foams upward unto Him 
 From the vast basin of creation's realm. 
 
 Let us become intimate with the high ideal unity, and we 
 shall be drawn to one another in brotherly love. If we 
 plant beauty and joy, we shall reap beauty and joy. If we 
 think clearly, we shall love ardently. '' Be ye perfect, as 
 your Father in Heaven is perfect," says the Founder of our 
 faith. Weak human nature turned pale at this command, 
 therefore He explained Himself in clearer terms : '' L<ove one 
 
 another ! " 
 
 Wisdom, with thy sunlike look. 
 Awful goddess ! turn thee back, 
 
 And give wa}^ to Love, 
 Who before thee went, with hero heart, 
 Up the steep and stony path 
 To the Godhead's very throne, 
 Who, unveiling the Holiest, 
 Showed to thee Elysium 
 Through the vaulted sepulchre. 
 
 — Volume IV ^ of Poems and Essays {Household Editiori) by 
 Johaiin C. F. Schiller. 
 
 LEONHARD SCHMITZ, 
 
 German Philologist ; Principal of the London College of the Interna- 
 tional Educational Society. 
 
 .HE sacred history of the Jews, moreover, is of that 
 peculiar kind that it ought not to be placed upon a 
 level with that of less favorable nations, it being essen- 
 tially of a religious character, and everyone ought to 
 learn it from the Holy Scriptures themselves, rather than 
 from any summary abridgement. 
 
 The most eventful occurrence which marks it is the birth 
 
398 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 of our Lord Jesus Christ at Bethlehem in Judea. His birth 
 is the beginning of the Christian era, and the date of the 
 present year marks the number supposed to have elapsed 
 since His birth, but the more accurate chronological calcula- 
 tion has shown that the birth of Christ must be dated four or 
 five years before the commencement of the vulgar era. — Pref- 
 ace and page 482 of^^A Manual of Ancient History ^^^ by Dr. 
 Leonhard Schmitz. 
 
 JOHN McAllister schofield, 
 
 General-in-Chief of the United States Army. 
 
 'N reply to your letter, I do not hesitate to say that in 
 my opinion modern civilization owes all to Christ and 
 the Bible. 
 
 Christianity has established its claim to Divine ori- 
 gin by its own good works. It has already ameliorated vastly 
 the condition of man in all countries where it has found a 
 foothold, and in proportion to the degree in which it has 
 commanded the practical assent of the people. Even the 
 horrors of war have been more than half removed by very 
 imperfect attempts to follow the dictates of the religion of 
 Christ, and as time advances and as Christian principles 
 become more and more the guide of men, wars will become 
 less, and less injurious to the human race, and it is to be 
 hoped may finally cease. It is no longer necessary to discuss 
 questions of authenticity of the Bible — by the fruits of its 
 teachings we know it. The moral precepts and rules of 
 action therein contained are the best guide known to man for 
 his government on earth. This I believe to be the almost 
 universal judgment of candid men who have impartially ob- 
 served the operation of the various moral forces that have 
 been potential in the affairs of the human race. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 399 
 
 SIR WALTER SCOTT, 
 
 Scottish Novelist and Poet. (1771-1832.) 
 
 |H, on that day, that wrathful day, 
 When man to judgment wakes from clay, 
 Be Thou, O Christ, the sinner's stay, 
 Though heaven and earth shall pass away. 
 
 Within this awful Volume lies 
 The mystery of mysteries. 
 Happiest they, of human race, 
 To whom our God has granted grace 
 To read, to fear, to hope, to pray. 
 To lift the latch, and force the way ; 
 And better had they ne'er been born 
 Who read to doubt, or read to scorn. 
 
 — The Monastery, Chapter XII. 
 
 "a wish that I 
 to him, and 
 
 ^'Here he expressed," 
 writing of Sir Walter Scott's 
 fatal illness, 
 should read 
 
 when I asked from what 
 book, he said, 'Need you 
 ask ? There is but one ! ' 
 I chose the fourteenth chap- 
 ter of St. John's Gospel. He 
 listened with mild devotion, 
 and said when I had done, 
 ^ Well, this is a great com- 
 fort. I have followed you 
 distinctly, and I feel as if I were yet to be myself again," — 
 Page 729 of ^''Memoirs of the Life of Scott ^^^ by J. G. Lockhart, 
 
 The most learned, acute, and diligent student can not, in 
 the longest life, obtain an entire knowledge of this one Vol- 
 ume. The more deeply he works the mine, the richer and 
 more abundant he finds the ore ; new light continually 
 beams from this source of heavenly knowledge to direct the 
 conduct, and illustrate the work of God and the ways of men ; 
 
400 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 and he will at last leave the world confessing- that the more 
 he studied the Scriptures the fuller conviction he had of his 
 own ignorance^ and of their inestimable value. — Page 74 of 
 Allibone^s Prose Quotations. 
 
 JACOB GOULD SCHURMAN, 
 
 President of Cornell University. 
 
 HAT thinking mind can escape the embrace of the 
 Infinite Spirit? I believe in God as Universal 
 Father, and in Jesus Christ, His Son, as the reve- 
 lation of His character to men. I hold the Bible 
 to be a guide to God, thojjgh a guijk^ needing reinterpxeta- 
 tion with every advance of human knowledge, insight and 
 experience. My religious faith is as independent of historical 
 criticism as it is of natural science, and it regards conflicting 
 theories with equal candor and with equal indifference. I 
 am a friend of all the churches and organizations, however 
 designated, which aim, each in its own way, to express the 
 Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 
 MAXIMILIAN De BETHUNE SULLY, 
 
 Duke of Sully; Prime Minister to Henry IV. (1560-1641.) 
 
 HOSO believeth the Apostles' Creed and dies obedi- 
 ent to the Decalogue — in charity with his neigh- 
 bor, loving God with all his heart, and trusting 
 in the mercy and merits of Christ's death — can 
 not fail to be saved, whatever the sect may be to which he 
 belongs. — Page 259, '"''Henry of Navarre^^^ and the Hugue- 
 nots of France^ by W. F. Wilier t. 
 
inm! ^ 
 
 CHIEF-JUSTICES UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT. 
 
 Morris Remick Waite, of Ohio, 
 
 Chief-Justice, 1 874-1 888, 
 Page 478. 
 
 John Jay, of New York, 
 
 Chief-Justice, 1789-1795, 
 Page 2^1. 
 
 Oliver Ellsworth, of Connecticut, 
 
 Chief-Justice, 1 796-1800, 
 Page 141. 
 
 Samuel Portland Chase, of Ohio. 
 
 Chief-Justice, 1 864-1 873, 
 Page 79. 
 
 Roger Brooke Taney, of Maryland, 
 
 Chief-Justice, 1836- 1864, 
 Page44s. 
 
 John Marshall, of Virginia, 
 
 Chief-Justice, 1801-1835, 
 Page ^08. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 40I 
 
 WINFIELD SCOTT, 
 
 Lieutenant-General. (1786-1866.) 
 
 E is no cheap Judas. I do not think he would have 
 sold our Saviour for thirty shillings ; but lor the suc- 
 cessorship of Pontius Pilate he would have betrayed 
 Christ and the Apostles and the whole Christian 
 Church. — Criticism of a certain Political Character. See 
 page 96, ''''Recollections of President Lincoln^ and His Admin- 
 istration^'^ by L. E. Chittenden^ his Register of the Treasury, 
 The fact was entirely ignored that slavery, in several States, 
 was happily undergoing a gradual but sure amelioration, and 
 could not fail to be more and more spontaneously accelerated, 
 without the danger of reaction, if it were left to God's own 
 time to introduce good for evil in His own way. So were for- 
 gotten that His great work — even the creation of the world 
 — was one of time and deliberation, instead of a simple fiat, 
 which, if He had pleased, would have been all-sufficient— 
 that more years were allowed to intervene between the prom- 
 ise made to Abraham and the advent of our Saviour than 
 Africans had been in America — the chosen people of God 
 being, meanwhile, slaves in Egypt and Babylon — that the 
 monarch oak and lofty pine — ''fit to be the mast of some 
 great ammiral" — require centuries to mature them — forget- 
 ting, too, that, as has just been shown, hundreds of years, 
 more or less, are, in Divine estimation, but as a moment in 
 the life of a people, or race of men. — Page 177, Volume /, 
 ^''Autobiography of General Scott y 
 
 JOHN SELDEN, 
 
 English Statesman and Oriental Scholar. 
 (I 584-1 654.) 
 
 "E can best understand the meaning of Salvation 
 from the Jews, to whom our Siaviour was promised. 
 They held that themselves should have the chief 
 place of happiness in the other world; but the 
 Gentiles that were good men should likewise have their part 
 
402 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 of the bliss there too. Now by Christ the partition wall is 
 broken down, and the Gentiles that believe in Him are ad- 
 mitted to the same place of bliss with the Jews. — Pag^ 246, 
 ''''Table Talk^"* by John Selden. 
 
 I have surveyed most of the learning that is among the 
 sons of men, and my study is filled with books and manu- 
 scripts on various subjects ; but I can not recollect any pas- 
 sage out of all my books and papers whereon I can rest my 
 soul, save this from the sacred Scriptures: "The grace of 
 God that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men, teach- 
 ing us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we shall 
 live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world; 
 looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of 
 the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ ; who gave Him- 
 self for us, that He might redeem us from all iniquity, and 
 purify unto Himself a peculiar people, zealous of good 
 works." (Titus ii. 14.) — ''^Memoirs of John Selden^'' by G. W. 
 Johnson. 
 
 HORATIO SEYMOUR, 
 
 War Governor of New York. (1810-1886.) 
 
 E who studies with care the jurisprudence of the Old 
 Testament will see that this feeling of reverence for 
 ^ forefathers and devotion to country is made the sub- 
 stance of positive law in the command that men 
 should honor their fathers and mothers. But sacred poetry 
 is filled with appeals to these sentiments, and the narratives 
 of the Bible abound with proofs of the great truth that the 
 days of those who fear them shall be long upon the land 
 which God hath given them. 
 
 Men cross the ocean and encounter the fatigues, dangers 
 of a journey to the other side of the earth, that they may 
 walk through the streets of Jerusalem where our Saviour 
 trod, or look out from the hill of Zion, or wander amid 
 sacred places. These scenes bring to their minds the story 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 403 
 
 of the past in a way that thrills their nerves. . . . You 
 will find that all history, all jurisprudence, all just reasonings, 
 force us to the conclusion that not only does a Divine com- 
 mand, but that reason and justice call upon us all to honor 
 our ancestors, and that there is a great practical truth which 
 concerns the welfare and the power of all communities in the 
 words of the inspired penman : " Honor thy father and thy 
 mother that thy days may be long in the land which the 
 Lord thy God giveth thee." — See his oration^ '^The Future 
 of the Human Race^'^ delivered at Rome^ N. K, July 4, 1876. 
 
 JOHN CAMPBELL SHAIRP, 
 
 Principal of the United College, St. Andrews; Professor of Poetry at 
 Oxford, and Author. (1813-1885.) 
 
 HOSE most transcendent doctrines, Christ's atone- 
 ment. His resurrection, the indwelling of His Spirit, 
 are as much a part of the testimony about Christ, and 
 of the agencies by which He has changed the world, 
 as anything that we know of His character. . . . No 
 fact in man's history is more certain than this, that the sim- 
 ple statement of Scripture, "Christ has appeared to put away 
 sin by the sacrifice of Himself," has been efficacious to reach 
 down to the lowest depths of men's souls beyond any other 
 truth ever uttered on this earth. In the Resurrection, they 
 have found the assurance that what conscience prophesies 
 will in the end come true, that, though experience often 
 seems against it, "right is stronger than wrong, truth is bet- 
 ter than falsehood," purity shall prevail over sensual indul- 
 gence, meekness shall inherit the earth ; for right, truth, and 
 purity are summed up in their champion, Christ, and He 
 has conquered death, the one unconquerable champion of the 
 enemy. — Pages 322 and 323 in " Studies in Poetry and Phi- 
 losophy^^ by John Campbell Shair p. 
 
404 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM HENRY SEWARD, 
 
 Secretary of State under President Lincoln. (1801-1872.) 
 
 DO not believe human 
 society, including not 
 merely a few persons 
 in any state, but 
 whole masses of men, ever 
 have attained, or ever can 
 attain, a high state of in- 
 telligence, virtue, security, 
 liberty, or happiness without 
 the Holy Scriptures ; even 
 the whole hope of human 
 progress is suspended on the 
 ever-growing influence of the Bible. 
 
 In his oration on "The Destiny of America," he said: 
 *' Shall we look to the sacred desk? Yes, indeed; for it is 
 of Divine institution, and is approved by human experience. 
 The ministers of Christ, inculcating Divine morals, under 
 Divine authority, with Divine sanction, and sustained and 
 aided by special cooperating influences of the Divine Spirit, 
 are now carrying further and broadly onward the great work 
 of the renewal of the civilization of the world, and its eman- 
 cipation from superstition and despotism." 
 
 In 1836, as one of the honored Vice-Presidents of the 
 American Bible Society, he expressed himself as follows : "I 
 know not how long a republican government can flourish 
 among a great people who have not the Bible ; the experi- 
 ment has never been tried ; but this I do know : that the 
 existing government of this country never could have had 
 existence but for the Bible. And, further, I do, in my con- 
 science, believe that if at every decade of years a copy of the 
 Bible could be found in every family in the land its repub- 
 lican institutions would be perpetuated." — ^^Life of William 
 Henry Seward^'' by George E. Baker. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 405 
 
 WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, 
 
 English Poet and Dramatist. (1564-1616.) 
 
 |N the more complete 
 editions of Shakes- 
 -^J peare's works, wliicli 
 generally include a bi- 
 ography or memoir, may be 
 found a copy from his last 
 will, dated in the year of his 
 death. The first clause 
 reads: "In the name of 
 God, Amen! I, William 
 Shakespeare, of Stratford- 
 upon-Avon, in the county 
 of Warr., gei.t., in perfect 
 health and memory, God be 
 praised, do make and ordain this my last will and testament 
 in manner and form following, that is to say, first, I com- 
 mend my soul into the hands of God, my Creator, hoping 
 and assuredly believing, through the only merits of Jesus 
 Christ, my Saviour, to be made partaker of life everlasting, 
 and my body to the earth whereof it is made." 
 
 QUOTATIONS. 
 
 Some say— that ever 'gainst that season comes 
 Wherein our Saviour's birth is celebrated 
 The bird of dawning singeth all night long. 
 
 — Hamlet I. i. 
 Mark you this, Bassanio : 
 The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. 
 An evil soul, producing holy witness. 
 Is like a villian with a smiling cheek, 
 A goodly apple rotten at the heart. 
 
 — Merchant of Venice, I. 3. 
 
 Before I be convict by course of law, 
 
 To threaten me with death is most unlawful. 
 
 I charge you, as you hope for any goodness, 
 
 By Christ's dear blood shed for our grievous sins 
 
 That you depart and lay no hands on me. 
 
 -Richard HL, I. 4. 
 
4o6 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Alas, alas! 
 Why, all the souls that were forfeit once, 
 And He that might the vantage have took 
 Found out the remedy. — Measure for Measure, II. i. 
 
 Therefore, friends, 
 As far as to the sepulcher of Christ 
 (Whose soldiers now, under whose blessed Cross 
 We are impressed to fight). 
 To chase these pagans in those holy fields. 
 Over whose acres walked those blessed feet, 
 Which fourteen hundred years ago were nail'd 
 For our advantage on the bitter Cross. 
 
 — Henry IV., I i. 
 
 ROBINSON SOUTTAR, 
 
 Member of British Parliament. 
 
 HERE is but one Physician for the world's ills — 
 the God-man Christ Jesus ; there is but one remedy 
 for the world's misery — regeneration, through the 
 Holy Ghost. 
 
 <'As when the Hebrew Prophet raised the brazen serpent high. 
 The wounded looked and straight were cured, the people ceased to die; 
 So the Saviour on the Cross a healing virtue flows; 
 Who looks to Him with lively faith is saved from endless woes." 
 — London City Mission Magazine, June 1897. 
 
 NATHANIEL SOUTHGATE SHALER, 
 
 Professor of Geology in Harvard University. 
 
 rij^irY first contact with natural science in my youth and 
 - ^\. ^3.rly manhood had the not uncommon effect of lead- 
 C>x^ ing me far away from Christianity. Of late years a 
 further insight into the truths of nature has grad- 
 ually forced me once again towards the ground from which 
 I had departed. 
 
 It seems to me that the Christian doctrine, looked at 
 purely from the point of view of natural science, has the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 407 
 
 merit of setting the altruistic motives on a wider foundation 
 than any other form of religion. " Thou shalt love the Lord 
 thy God with all thy soul and all thy might, and thy neigh- 
 bor as thyself." It has carried man farther out of the prison 
 of self than all the other teachings that have come to him. 
 Considering the religions of mankind as phenomena, and 
 valuing them according to their relation with the series of 
 organic developments, and leaving aside in the estimate all 
 the prejudices of education, it seems to the student clear 
 that Christianity occupies a peculiar place in these modes of 
 thought. More than any other it is, in the essentials of its 
 form, in the direct trend of psychic development. In my 
 own mind, the doctrine of Christ is the summit and crown 
 of the organic series. — See Preface^ and pages 273 arid 275 
 of ^^ The Interpretation of Nature ^^^ by Nathaniel Southgate 
 Shaler, 
 
 GRANVILLE SHARP, 
 
 English Reformer and Philanthropist. (1734-1813.) 
 
 >HE omission of an act of mercy and benevolence to- 
 wards our neighbor, when it is in our power and 
 occasion requires it, is declared by our Lord, the 
 Saviour of the world, to be as gross an affront, even 
 to Himself, as if He had been personally neglected by us. 
 "Inasmuch," says He, "as ye did it not to one of the least 
 of these, ye did it not to Me." 
 
 Though our Lord endured the most provoking indigna- 
 tion from the licentious soldiery and reviling multitude in 
 silence, answering not a word, agreeable to that striking 
 character of a suffering Messiah so minutely described many 
 ages before by the prophet Isaiah, yet He made an apparent 
 distinction between the violence and injustice of these, as 
 individuals, and the injustice of a man in a public character 
 as a chief magistrate. — Pages 19, 63, and 64, ^''The Law of 
 Liberty^ or Royal Law^^ by Granville Sharp. 
 
408 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ELLIOTT FITCH SHEPARD. 
 
 Journalist. (1823-1893.) 
 
 THINK that " there is none other name under heaven 
 given among men whereby we must be saved, but 
 the Name of Jesus Christ, neither is there salvation 
 in any other." Therefore Adam, Abraham, David, 
 Mary, Paul, Calvin, Edwards, Wesley, Judson, Adams, Mc- 
 Cormick, all the redeemed, were and will be saved only by 
 faith in His Name. 
 
 I think the Bible is the Word of God, and there are no 
 seeming contradictions or errors in it which may not be 
 fully explained to the satisfaction of all intelligent minds and 
 honest seekers after Divine truth. But, since its Author is 
 infinite, no one can expect to understand it all in this world 
 where so much is seen through a glass darkly. 
 
 ^^i^^i^^M^ — . 
 
 ETHER SHEPLEY, 
 
 Lawyer, and United States Senator. (1789-1877.) 
 
 .HE result of this investigation was a conviction of 
 my entire sinfulness, and that there was no hope but 
 in the mere mercy of God. For this I supplicated, not 
 in outward forms, but from the depths of the spirit, 
 and at last perceived that God might be just, and the justifier 
 of them that believe. My heart expanded in thankfulness to 
 God for His unspeakable gift; to Christ for His unquench- 
 able love, and I soon desired to acknowledge my sinfulness, 
 my obligations, and my gratitude; and did so publicly by 
 uniting with the Church. — Page 440, ''''American Christian 
 Ruler s^^^ by Edward J. Giddings. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 409 
 
 JOHN SHERMAN, 
 
 Congressman; United States Senator from March 4, 1861, to 1897, except- 
 ing while Secretary of the Treasury under President Hayes ; 
 Secretary of State under President McKinley. 
 
 APPRECIATE the Holy Bible as the highest gift of 
 God to man, unless it be the ^'unspeakable Gift" of 
 Jesus Christ as the Saviour of the world. It is the 
 Divine assurance that our life does not end with 
 -death, and it is the strongest incentive to honorable, chari- 
 table Christian deeds. 
 
 cz.<^^ 
 
 JOHN SHORE, 
 
 • • (LORD TEIGNMOUTH.) 
 
 ^^\/~\ Governor-General of India. (1751-1834.) 
 
 ri©\-^ assuming charge of the Government of Bengal in 
 ^ 1793, he made this entry in his journal : ''Grant, I be- 
 aN^ seech Thee, that I may on all occasions regulate my 
 conduct by the rules and precepts of Thy Word, and 
 that in all doubts, dangers, and embarrassments I may always 
 have grace to apply for support and assistance. Grant that, 
 under my government, religion and morality may be ad- 
 vanced; all of which I humbly implore through the medi- 
 tation and in the name of our blessed Saviour, Jesus Christ." 
 I depend on nothing in myself. I know I am a poor sin- 
 ner, and I trust entirely on my gracious Saviour. I depend 
 on what He has done for me. My whole life has been full of 
 mercies. Few have spent so happy a life as mine, but I am 
 not half grateful enough for it. I trust I do indeed repent of 
 all my transgreSvSions ; but I do not trust in my repentance. 
 No ! I look only to the blood of Jesus for pardon and peace. 
 
4IO A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 I feel that I am resting on the right foundation, and leave yott 
 all rejoicing. — Extracts from the July and August numbers of 
 ''''The Bible Society Reporter " ^1891. 
 
 SIR PHILIP SIDNEY, 
 
 English Statesman and Poet. (1554-1586.) 
 
 AY not I say that 
 \)^J[ the holy David's 
 C^A^ Psalms are a Divine 
 poem? What else 
 is the awaking his musical 
 instruments? the often and 
 free changing of persons?" 
 He maketh you, as it were, 
 see God coming in His maj- 
 esty. His telling of the 
 beasts' joyfulness, and hills'" 
 leaping, is but a heavenly 
 poesy; wherein almost he 
 showeth himself a passion- 
 ate lover of that unspeak- 
 able and everlasting beauty, to be seen by the eyes of the 
 mind, only cleared by faith. 
 
 Certainly, even our Saviour Christ could as well have 
 given the moral commonplaces of uncharitableness and 
 humbleness, as the Divine narration of Dives and Lazarus ;, 
 or of disobedience and mercy, as that heavenly discourse of 
 the lost child and the gracious father; but that His thor- 
 ough-searching wisdom knew the state of Dives' burning in 
 hell, and of Lazarus being in Abraham's bosom, would more 
 constantly (as it were) inhabit both the memory and the 
 judgment. — J. Radfor Thomson^ in Volume III^ ''''Short Bi- 
 ographies for the Peopled 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 411 
 
 HENRY HASTINGS SIBLEY, 
 
 <\ ^ Congressman and Major-General. (1811-1891.) 
 
 <A ^^^ religious training had so firmly impressed me with 
 . 5i^ the truths of the Christian religion, and of Christian 
 C>^ doctrine as enunciated in the Old and New Testa- 
 ments, that I was content to take them as divinely 
 inspired, and as such they constituted a perfect rule of life 
 for the guidance and conduct of Christians, irrespective of 
 forms of church government and theological disputes. — Page 
 63, " The Ancestry^ Life and Times of Hon. Henry H. Sibley^'''' 
 by Nathaniel West. 
 
 BENJAMIN SILLIMAN. 
 
 Physicist. (1779-1864.) 
 
 »HE relation of geology, as well as astronomy, to the 
 Bible, when both are well understood^ is that of per- 
 fect harmony. The Bible nowhere limits the age 
 of the globe, while its chronology assigns a recent 
 origin to the human race ; and geology not only confirms 
 that the Genesis presents a true statement of the progress 
 of the terrestrial arrangements, and of the introduction of 
 living beings in the order in which their fossil remains are 
 found entombed in the strata. The Word and the works of 
 Ood can not conflict, and the more they are studied the 
 more perfect will their harmony appear. 
 
 His prayer at the conclusion of a course of lectures in 
 college, on the 13th of June, 1855: ^'Thus, O Almighty 
 Ood, hast Thou led me on in mercy almost to the close of a 
 long life. . . . For myself, in the evening of my life, 
 may I be every day ready to die, trusting in Thy mercy 
 through the Redeemer of men ; and if power and opportu^ 
 nity to be useful are still continued to me, may I have a dis- 
 position, as well as ability, j;o honor Thee, and to benefit my 
 
41-2 ■ A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 fellow men. For my salvation I depend entirely upon the 
 Redeemer. In the sight of God I have no merits of my 
 own, and feel deeply that if I am saved it will be of grace 
 and not of works. I have none to offer that are worthy of 
 Thine acceptance. And now, my Heavenly Father, I im- 
 plore Thy blessing upon my dear children and their children, 
 and upon the faithful and devoted companion whom Thou 
 hast in mercy given me. I implore it, also, for the precious 
 youth who are about to go into the world. Bless them all in 
 time and eternity through Christ our Lord and Redeemer.'^ 
 — Volume II of his life^ by G. P. Fisher. 
 
 WINFIELD SCOTT SCHLEY, 
 
 Rear-Admiral United States Navy. 
 
 .HERE is no gift of God comparable to the Bible ^ 
 there is no religion comparable to the religion of 
 Jesus Christ, and there is no civilization comparable 
 to that wrought by Christianity. No student of na- 
 ture, and no deep thinker, can fail to reach the conclusion 
 that God is everywhere in evidence, and that without His- 
 providential care everything in the life we now live would 
 come to naught. 
 
 DANIEL EDGAR SICKLES, 
 
 Major-General in Civil War, Diplomat, and Congressman. 
 
 BELIEVE in the divinity of Jesus Christ and in the 
 inspired teachings of the Holy Scriptures. The 
 Divine Book affords the best guide for the conduct of 
 men and nations. It is the basis of modern civiliza- 
 tion. A Christian man makes the best soldier — loyal to his 
 flag, brave in battle, and generous to a fallen adversary. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 413 
 
 SAMUEL SMILES, 
 
 Scottish Author. 
 
 ^7f<6T the head of all biographies stands the Great Biog- 
 \l^ raphy — the BOOK of Books. And what is the 
 ^ (0)^ Bible, the most sacred and impressive of all books — 
 the educator of the youth, the guide of manhood,, 
 and the consoler of the ages — but a series of biographies of 
 great heroes and patriarchs, prophets, kings, and judges, cul- 
 minating in the greatest biography of all — the Life embodied 
 in the New Testament? How much have the great exam- 
 ples there set forth done for mankind? How many have 
 drawn them their best strength, their highest wisdom, their 
 best nurture and admonition. — '''' Self- Help Series on Char- 
 acter^^ by Samuel Smiles. 
 
 SIR JAMES YOUNG SIMPSON, 
 
 Scottish Physician; Discoverer of Chloroform. (1811-1870). 
 
 ,HE unregenerate, unbelieving soul is compared to a. 
 corpse ; it is '' dead in sins." Of all of you who are 
 now living by faith in Christ it may be truthfully 
 said to-day, as it was said eighteen centuries ago of 
 the Ephesian converts to whom the Apostle Paul wrote^ 
 " You hath He quickened, who were dead." As many of 
 you as are unbelievers are, in the strong language of Scrip- 
 ture, " dead." You are dead in the eye of Divine justice ; 
 for as the condemned criminal is as a " dead man," when his 
 crimes, have brought on him the legal doom of death, you are 
 likewise " dead," because '' he that believeth not is con- 
 demned already." Further, you are also spiritually dead oxl 
 account of being cut off by your sins from communion with 
 the living God. For as a corpse moves not, stirs not, feels 
 not, and can not be aroused, so are you dead to all love of 
 God, and to everything pertaining to the wondrous Gospel 
 of Jesus Christ. Of the dread and crushing burden of their 
 
414 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 own sins your souls are not all conscious ; for the dead feel 
 not. But in the infinitude of His love to our fallen race, 
 Ood offers to each of us individually a free and full pardon, 
 and life now and forever, if we only believe on Jesus Christ, 
 His Son, whom He sent to suffer in our stead — to die that 
 we might live — if we rely and rest entirely on Him as the 
 i all-sufficient sacrifice for our sins — as our substitute and se- 
 ^ curity. — -James Macaulay^ Volume 7, in ^^ Short Biographies 
 for the People. ^^ 
 
 EPHRAIM KIRBY SMITH,* 
 
 Confederate Major-General and Educator. (1824-1893.) 
 
 KNOW that my Redeemer liveth, and that He shall 
 
 stand at the latter day upon the earth." Without 
 
 that inestimable comfort and undying faith that 
 
 comes from the sacred Scriptures, and the religion of 
 
 Jesus Christ, life would be a miserable failure. 
 
 ^J^^Uy/^lA^ 
 
 JOHN COTTON SMITH, 
 
 Lawyer, Congressman, and Governor. (1765-1845.) 
 
 HILE President of the American Bible Society, he 
 made this address : ^' Would that a history of the 
 American Revolution could have been written by 
 one, who, like Xenophon, was a distinguished 
 actor in the scenes described, and who, imbued with the 
 right spirit, could illustrate by appropriate facts the influence 
 which animated and upheld the agents in that mighty strug- 
 
 * He died some months after this testimony was written. His last words 
 -were these : " Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I 
 will fear no evil : for Thou art with me ; Thy rod and Thy staff they com- 
 fort me." 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 415 
 
 gle ! In such a work, if I mistake not, the present and 
 future generations would perceive the fruits of early Biblical 
 instruction, and learn the value of the Bible in the day of 
 adversity. . . . But establish it in the common schools,, 
 and you make every child and youth in the republic ac- 
 quainted, of course, with a Book which of all others it be- 
 hooves them to know — a Book whose Divine origin, if there 
 were no other proof, is demonstrated by its perfect adaptation 
 to every capacity, the humblest and the highest. 
 
 CHARLES PIAZZA SMYTH, 
 
 Astronomer Royal for Scotland, 1845-1888. (1819-1895.) 
 
 HAT, then, is the end and use for which the great 
 Pyramid was built? i. To convey a new proof of 
 the personal God of Scripture ; to prove by means 
 of modern science, the actual occurrence of an 
 ancient miracle, and if of one, the possibility of all miracles 
 recorded in the Bible. 2. In fulfillment of the first prophecy 
 of Genesis, which teaches, together with all the prophets, 
 that from the seed of the woman, without the man, a truly 
 Divine Saviour of mankind was to arise and appear among 
 men. — ''^Our Inheritance in the Great Pyramid^ 1874,"^^. 
 463-470, by Charles Piazza Smyth. 
 
 FRANCIS H. SNOW, 
 
 President of the University of Kansas. 
 
 RECOGNIZE in the Bible an inspired record of the 
 religious development of the human race, culminat- 
 ing in the glorious personality of Jesus Christ, and I 
 believe that its pages contain abundantly the truths 
 essential to salvation. 
 
 I recognize in Jesus of Nazareth the most perfect character 
 of history. His matchless teachings, His self-sacrificing serv- 
 ice for mankind as a whole, and, above all. His personal 
 love for every individual human being, have introduced a 
 power in the world which must ultimately lead to its com- 
 plete redemption. 
 
4i6 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SAMUEL SMITH, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 B have met to testify once more our continued 
 belief that the Gospel of Christ is the power of 
 God unto every one that believeth, and is as 
 necessary as ever. Some people think that the 
 Gospel has lost its power, and that man can be raised by 
 science, culture, and literature. But the belief of those 
 around me is, that man, in all his essential characteristics, is 
 the same to-day as in the first century of the Christian era — 
 a poor and sinful creature, and that nothing but the grace of 
 God can raise him. Skepticism never supported Christian 
 philanthropy, nor cherished noble self-sacrifice. — From his 
 aaaress at Exeter Hall^ at the aiinnal meeting of the London 
 Missionary Society ^ May ^ iJ 
 
 ROBERT SOUTHEY, 
 
 English Poet-Laureate. (1774-1843.) 
 
 F Christians in any 
 
 country, yea, if any 
 
 coUec te d body of 
 
 them, were what 
 they might, and ought, and 
 are commanded to be, the 
 universal reception of the 
 Gospel would follow as a 
 natural and promised result. 
 — Page 222 of ^^ Allibone^s 
 Prose Quotations .^^ 
 
 The evidence of Chris- 
 tianity is as demonstrative 
 as the subject admits ; the 
 more it is investigated, the 
 stronger it appears. But the root of belief is in the heart, 
 rather than in the understanding. For many years my be- 
 lief has not been clouded with a shadow of doubt. — From 
 ihe ^^ Published Letters of Robert Southey^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 417 
 
 JOHN ADDINGTON SYMONDS, 
 
 British Critic. (1840-1893.) 
 
 ^TlIvL more, it is impossible for the figurative arts to 
 approach the Christian conception of God in His 
 omnipotence and unity. Christ Himself, the central 
 figure of the Christian Universe, the desired of all 
 nations, in whom the Deity assumed human form and dwelt 
 with men, is no fit subject for such art as the Greeks per- 
 fected. The fact of His incarnation brought Him indeed 
 within the proper sphere of fine arts. — From''' The Renais- 
 sance in Italy. ' ' 
 
 THE EARL OF STAMFORD, 
 
 British Philanthropist. 
 
 HAVE been brought up among those who, while 
 finding their assured hope, comfort and inspiration in 
 the Christian faith and in the Holy Scriptures, have 
 spoken little of what they valued most. May I re- 
 main always in their blessed company,** faithful unto death" 
 to the religion of my fathers. n a 
 
 JAMES R. SOVEREIGN, 
 
 General Master Workman of the Knights of Labor. 
 
 ^T is my firm opinion that if the Divine teachings of 
 Christ and the Bible were practiced by the people 
 there would be no need of a labor organization on 
 earth. If the Saviour had confined His teachings to 
 theological questions He might have lived a peaceful life and 
 died a natural death, but He took into consideration the 
 material welfare of the people from an economic standpoint. 
 
4l8 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HENRY WHEELER SHAW, 
 
 (JOSH BILLINGS.) 
 
 Humorist. (1818-1885.) 
 
 BELIEVE in Christ, the all and in all ; I believe also 
 in the Bible — all of it. The very things I do not 
 understand I believe the most of all. I would not 
 exchange my faith for any human knowledge. 
 
 (JLe.^^^*^ ^- ^7% 
 
 czm^t-* 
 
 BENEDICT SPINOZA, 
 
 Dutch Philosopher. (1632-1677.) 
 
 CONSIDER the utility and the need for Holy Scrip- 
 ture or Revelation to be very great. For as we can 
 not perceive by the natural light of reason that sim- 
 ple obedience is the path of salvation, and are taught 
 by Revelation only that it is so by the special grace of God, 
 which our reason can not attain, it follows that the Bible has 
 brought a very great consolation to mankind. All are able 
 to obey, whereas there are but very few, compared with the 
 aggregate of humanity, who can acquire the habit of virtue 
 under the unaided guidance of reason. Thus, if we had not 
 the testimony of Scripture, we should doubt of the salvation 
 of nearly all men. 
 
 We may conclude, therefore, that the whole Divine law, 
 as taught by Scripture, has come down to us uncorrupted. 
 Besides this, there are certain facts which we may be sure 
 have been transmitted in good faith. For instance, the main 
 facts of Hebrew history, which were perfectly well known to 
 every one. The main facts of Christ's life and passion were 
 immediately spread abroad through the whole Roman em- 
 
FEDERAL MAJOR-GENERALS AND REAR-ADMIRALS. 
 
 
 David G. Farragut, 
 
 
 
 Tage 148. 
 
 
 John A. Dix, 
 
 William T. Sherman, 
 
 George B. McClellan 
 
 Tage i}2. 
 
 Tage 229. 
 
 Tage 312. 
 
 WiNFiELD Scott, 
 
 Alfred T. Mahan, 
 
 George H. Thomas, 
 
 Tage 401. 
 
 Tage J03. 
 
 Tage 4SO. 
 
 Andrew H. Foote, 
 
 George E. Belknap, 
 
 David D. Porter, 
 
 Tage 133. 
 
 Tage 39. 
 
 Tage 36}. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 419 
 
 pire. It is, therefore, scarcely credible, unless nearly every- 
 body consented thereto, which we can not suppose, that suc- 
 cessive generations have handed down the broad outline of 
 the Gospel narrative otherwise than they have received it. — 
 Pages 198, 173 and 9, Volume /, " Works of Spinoza^^^ Bohn's 
 Philosophical Library. 
 
 EMILE SOUVESTRE, 
 
 French Novelist. 
 
 lET US rather enlarge the Holy Law ; let us carry the 
 
 principles of home beyond its bounds ; let us realize 
 
 '^^ the prayer of the' Apostle of the Gentiles when he 
 
 exclaimed to the new-born children of Christ: "Be 
 
 ye like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, 
 
 of one mind." — Page 135, ''^ An Attic Philosopher in Paris ^^^ 
 
 by Entile Souvestre. 
 
 ALBERT SPICER, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 CONFESS to being a pretty keen party politician; 
 and I am a politician because I want to see the 
 principles of the Word of God, as laid down in God's 
 Book, carried out in our daily life throughout our 
 Empire. If I felt that Christianity was untrue, I should not 
 remain a politician for a day. ... I ask that, as differ- 
 ent regiments of one great army, we may all work together 
 heartily for that Saviour and for that Christ whom we all 
 love and whom we desire to serv^e. I trust that as we work 
 in this spirit, though holding different opinions, the Holy 
 Spirit may increasingly own and bless each copy of His 
 Word sent forth to spread our Saviour's kingdom in the 
 earth. — Extracts from his Address at the Anniversary of the 
 British and Foreign Bible Society^ May., 1893. 
 
420 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 EDMUND SPENSER, 
 
 English Poet-Laureate. ( 1552 P-isgg.) 
 
 THE LORD'S DAY. 
 
 OST glorious Lord of life, that on this day 
 ixYd- Didst make Thy triumph over death and sin, 
 ^^<f^ And, having harrowed hell, didst bring away 
 Captivity thence captive, us to win. 
 This joyous day, dear Lord, with joy begin ; 
 And grant that we, for whom Thou didst die. 
 
 Being with Thy death-blood clean washed from sin, 
 May live forever in felicity . 
 
 VISCOUNT SIDMOUTH, 
 
 Prime Minister of England. (1757-1844.) 
 
 PUT my whole trust in the merits of my Saviour! I 
 look forward to be reunited with all those whom I love, 
 in a blessed immortality. — Pa^e 477, Volume Illy 
 ' ' First Viscount Sidmoiith, ' ' by Dean Pit lew. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 421 
 
 WILLIAM SPRAGUE, 
 
 Governor, United Gtates Senator, and Manufacturer. 
 
 BEG to say, that though I have been nauseated by 
 those who claim, without knowledge or reason, to a 
 special and conspicuous devotion to Jesus Christ as 
 God and the Saviour, and the Bible as the Word of 
 God, I have from a standpoint of the practical, the mathe- 
 matical, and the mechanical, the clearest perception of 
 Jesus Christ as the Saviour — the Intermediator — and the 
 Bible as the Word of God; meaning by this, that which 
 tells me in advance what is to occur; and which places be- 
 tween me and death an impervious shield, and evolves a sav- 
 ing principle, as Christ, which, enforced by means at men's 
 disposal, will save nations, as individuals, here and here- 
 after: is the Word, the Saviour, the God to me. 
 
 BARON AUGUSTE DE STAEL, 
 
 French Author; Son of the Celebrated Madame De Stael. 
 
 {1790-1827.) 
 
 ^T is a grand subject for meditation, to behold in our 
 modern society the love of the holy doctrines of the 
 Gospel advancing with the progress of philosophy and 
 of political institutions, so that the nations which are 
 most advanced in civilization and in liberty are also the 
 most religious, the most truly Christian. It appears that 
 Providence has reserved this blessing for our age, and that 
 the Bible Societies are the instruments by which it is to be 
 accomplished. How consoling, then, it is to behold your 
 country, this classic land of reason and liberty, embracing 
 the cause of the Gospel with so much zeal and success. 
 And what salutary influence will not the authority of your 
 
422 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 example have on those whom a narrow philosophy or a 
 false shame has hitherto kept at a distance from the religion 
 of Jesus Christ. We constrain ourselves to walk in your 
 foot-steps; and although our Bible Societies are not so nu- 
 merous and active as they might be, and ought to be, we 
 have every reason to thank God for the good which they be- 
 gin already to produce. — From a Letter to the American 
 Bible Society^ in 1822, and written while Secretary of a Bible 
 Society in Paris. 
 
 EDWARD GEOFFREY SMITH-STANLEY, 
 
 "Lord Derby"; Prime Minister of England. 
 (1799-1869.) 
 
 E was far from being indifferent to religious questions, 
 even when they were wholly unconnected with poli- 
 tics, and early in life he had written a handbook for 
 children — "Conversations on the Parables." . . . He 
 confessed that his sympathies, his feelings, his affections 
 were with that party which, with their Bibles for their guide, 
 with the ancient fathers of the Church and the modern 
 lights of the Reformed Church as the commentators and 
 assistants, are more ready to inculcate upon their hearers the 
 practiced precepts than the abstract doctrines of religion, the 
 party which would not compliment any of the Church's fun- 
 damental and essential doctrines. — ^^ The Earl of Derby ^^ by 
 George Saints bury ^ pages 213 and 214. 
 
 HENRY MORTON STANLEY, 
 
 Explorer •' In Darkest Africa." 
 
 HAT I want, and what I have been endeavoring to 
 ask, for the poor African has been the good ofhces 
 of Christians, ever since Ivivingstone taught me, 
 during those four months I was with him. In 
 187 1 I went with him as prejudiced as the biggest atheist in 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 423 
 
 London. I was out there away from a worldly world. I saw 
 this solitary old man there, and asked myself ''Why on 
 €arth does he stop here? What is it that inspires him ? " 
 For months after we met I found myself listening to him, 
 and wondering at the old man carrying out all that was said 
 in the Bible. Little by little his sympathy for others became 
 contagious; mine was aroused; seeing his piety, his earnest- 
 ness, and how he went quietly at his work, I was converted 
 to Christ by him, though he had not tried to do it. 
 
 You who, throughout your long and varied life, have stead- 
 fastly believed in the Christian's God, and before men have 
 professed your devout thankfulness for many mercies vouch- 
 safed to you, will better understand than many others the 
 feelings which animate me when I find myself back to civili- 
 zation, uninjured in life or health, after passing through so 
 many stormy and distressful periods. Constrained at the 
 darkest hour to humbly confess that without God's help I 
 was helpless, I vowed a vow in the forest solitudes that I 
 would confess His aid before men. A silence as of death was 
 round about me ; it was midnight ; I was weakened by ill- 
 ness, prostrated with fatigue, and worn with anxiety for my 
 white and black companions, whose fate was a mystery. In 
 this physical and mental distress I besought God to give me 
 back my people. Nine hours later we were exulting with a 
 rapturous joy. In full view of all was the crimson flag with 
 the crescent, and beneath its waving folds was the long-lost 
 rear column. — Prefatory Letter^ Volume /, "/// Darkest Af- 
 rica^^ by Henry M. Stanley. 
 
 Before turning in for the night, I resumed my reading of 
 the Bible as usual. I had already read the Book through 
 from beginning to end once, and was now at Deuteronomy 
 for the second reading, and came to the verse wherein Moses 
 exhorts Joshua in those few lines, " Be strong and of good 
 
424 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 courage ; fear not, nor be afraid of them : for the Lord thy 
 God, He it is that doth go with thee ; He will not fail thee, 
 nor forsake thee." I continued my reading, and at the end 
 of the chapter closed the Book, and from Moses my mind 
 traveled at once to Mazamboni. Was it fatigue, incipient 
 ague, or an admonitory symptom of ailment, or a shade 
 of spiteful feeling against our cowardly four, and a vague 
 sense of distrust that at some critical time my loons would 
 fly? . . . But a voice appeared to say, "Be strong and of 
 a good courage; fear not, nor be afraid of them." I could 
 almost have sworn I heard the voice. I began to argue with 
 it. Why do you adjure me to abandon the Mission ? I can 
 not run if I would. To retreat would be far more fatal than 
 to advance ; therefore your encouragement is unnecessary. 
 It replied, nevertheless, ''Be strong and of good courage. 
 Advance and be confident, for I will give this people and this 
 land unto thee. I will not fail thee nor forsake thee ; fear 
 not, nor be dismayed." — Pages 311 and 312, Volume 11^ "/;/ 
 Darkest Africa^^ by Henry M. Stanley. 
 
 JAMES STANLEY, 
 
 (SEVENTH EARL OF DERBY.) 
 
 English Royalist. (1596-1651.) 
 
 v^S for my faith and my religion, thus much I have at 
 this time to say : I profess faith to be in Jesus Christ, 
 who died for me, from whom I look for my salva- 
 tion ; that is, through His only merit and suflerings. 
 I thank my God for the quiet of my conscience at this time, 
 and the assurance of those joys that are prepared for those 
 who fear Him. Good people, pray for me; I do for you; the 
 God of heaven bless you all, and send you peace. — Page 239 
 in " The Worthies^'''' by Hartley Coleridge. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 425 
 
 EDWIN McMASTERS STANTON, 
 
 Lawyer, and Secretary of War under President Lincoln^ 
 
 Pc.pi^ (1814-1869.) 
 
 UCH being the nature of adultery, we can easily perl- 
 ceive why it is that in Holy Writ the crime of the 
 adulterer is pronounced to be one which admits of 
 no ransom and no recompense. We can perceive 
 why it is that in every book of the Old and New Testament it 
 is denounced ; why it is that by every holy lawgiver, prophet^ 
 and saint it is condemned. . . . The Redeemer of man- 
 kind, when on earth, is supposed to have mitigated the pun- 
 ishment of the adulteress by requiring him who was without 
 sin to cast the first stone at her. No such condition, how- 
 ever, was imposed in favor of the adulterer. There was na 
 mitigation of his crime, and we know our Saviour's judg- 
 ment of the sin when he declared that "he who looketh at a 
 woman to lust after her committeth adultery in his hearts"' 
 From the silence of Scripture on the occasion recorded in- 
 the Gospel of John it is to be inferred that, as the adulterer 
 and adulteress had been taken in the act, the adulterer on 
 that day in Jerusalem had been put to death by the husband, 
 as he might be by the Roman law, before the adulteress had 
 been brought to our Saviour's feet. — Page 332 of ^'^ Great 
 Speeches by great Lawyers ^^"^ compiled by William L. Snyder, 
 
 WILLIAM T. STEAD, 
 
 English Journalist ; Editor of the " Review of 
 Reviews." 
 
 HEN I was a child I was taught at my mother^s 
 knee that the Bible was the Word of God. I am 
 now forty-four years of age ; I have lived a tolera- 
 bly active life, and what I received as a youth on. 
 the word of mother, I now know to be true as a result of ex- 
 perimental knowledge. As a companion, as an inspiration, as 
 
426 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 I 
 
 a guide, there is no Book to be compared to it ; especially at 
 times when you are hard hit, and don't know which way to 
 turn or what to do. 
 
 There is a great deal that is human in the Bible. It is at 
 least as human as Divine, therefore all the more to be treas- 
 ured. It is among books what Christ was in life — the incar- 
 nation of the Divine Spirit in the human body. As a child 
 I was told that Jesus Christ was the Saviour of the soul. 
 That is true ; but advancing years bring an ever-increasing 
 consciousness of the fact that His mission was to be the 
 Saviour of the world, and that the world will never be saved 
 excepting by His spirit being incarnated again in the sons 
 and daughters of men through faith. 
 
 EDMUND CLARENCE STEDMAN, 
 
 Poet. 
 
 PROTEST OF FAITH. 
 
 ;F, indeed, I sin 
 In counting somewhat freely on that Love 
 From which, through rolling ages, worlds have sprung, 
 And, last and best of all, the lords of worlds. 
 Through type on type uplifted from the clay ; 
 If I have been exultant in the thought 
 That such humanity came so near to God 
 He held us as His children, and would find 
 Imperial progress through the hills of Time 
 For every soul, why, then, my crescent faith 
 'Clings round the promise ; if it spread beyond. 
 You think, too far, I say that Peter sprang 
 Upon the waves of surging Galilee, 
 While all the eleven hugged the ship in fear. 
 The waters were as stone unto his feet 
 Until he doubted. Even then the Christ 
 Put forth a blessed hand, and drew him on 
 "To closer knowledge ! 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 427 
 
 JOEL DORMAN STEELE, 
 
 Educator, and Author of Scientific Text-Books. 
 
 E have traced some of the wonderful processes by 
 which this world has been arranged to supply the' 
 varied wants of man. Wherever we have turned, 
 we have found proofs of a Divine care, planning, 
 conforming, and directing to one universal end ; while from 
 the commonest things, and by the simplest means, the grand- 
 est results have been attained. Thus does Nature attest the 
 sublime truth of Revelation, that in all, and through all, and 
 over all, the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth. 
 
 Dead matter, as we commonly call it, is instinct with force. 
 Each tiny atom is attracted here, repelled there, holds and 
 is held by bands of iron. No particle is left to itself, but, 
 watched by the Eternal Eye and guided by the Eternal 
 Hand, all obey immutable law. When Christ declared the 
 very hairs of our head to be numbered. He intimated a chem- 
 ical truth, which we can now know in full to be, that the very- 
 atoms of which each hair is composed are numbered by the 
 same watchful Providence. — ^''Text-Book on Chemistry^'*'' by 
 Joel Dorman Steele. 
 
 SIR RICHARD STEELE, 
 
 English Essayist. (1671-1729.) 
 
 UT is this the Saviour ? is this the Deliverer ? Shall 
 this obscure Nazarene command Israel, and sit on the 
 Throne of David ? Their proud and disdainful hearts, 
 which were petrified with the love and pride of this 
 world, were impregnable to the reception of so mean a Ben- 
 efactor, and were now enough exasperated with benefits to 
 conspire His death. Our Lord was sensible of their design, 
 and prepared His disciples for it. . . . It was a great 
 article of our Saviour's business in the world to bring us to 
 a sense of our inability, without God's assistance, to do any 
 thing great or good. 
 
428 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 I 
 But what heart can conceive, what tongue can utter the 
 .sequel ? Who is that yonder, buffeted, mocked, and spurned? 
 Whom do they drag like a felon? Whither do they carry 
 my I/ord, my Saviour, and my God ? And will He die to ex- 
 piate those very injuries? See where they have nailed the 
 Lord and Giver of Life ! How His wounds blacken. His 
 body writhes, and heart heaves with pity and agony ! Oh ! 
 Almighify Sufferer, look down, look down from Thy triumph- 
 ant infamy ; lo ! He inclines His Head to His sacred bosom ! 
 Hark ! He groans ! see ! He expires ! The earth trembles, the 
 temple rends, the rocks burst, the dead arise ! Which are the 
 quick ? Which are the dead ? Sure, nature, all nature is 
 departing with her Creator! — Paper 356 of ^^ The Spectator ^^^ 
 J)y Addison and Steele. 
 
 SIR JAMES STEPHEN, 
 
 ."Historian, Author, and Professor of Modern History in the University of 
 Cambridge. {1789-1859 ) 
 
 [. .ROM our Redeemer Himself we have learnt what are 
 the two commandments on which hang all the law 
 and the prophets. From the disciple who lay on His 
 bosom, and whom He selected as the channel of His 
 liigher revelations, we have learnt what are the two truths 
 lon which hang all the other doctrines of the Gospel : the 
 first is that God is Light ; the second is that God is Love. 
 Nor must it be forgotten that the Scriptures are written in 
 languages totally unknown to the vast body of those who 
 read them, and that incomparably the most important part 
 of the Scriptures (that is, the words of our Lord and Saviour 
 Himself) are known to the most learned only by translation. 
 Here, then, is another source of the diversity of our judg- 
 ments about the real sense of the Word of God. — See 
 Epilogue^ Volume 11^ ^^ Essays in Ecclesiastical Biography,^'' by 
 Mie Right Honorable Sir James Stephen. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 449 
 
 JOHN LLOYD STEPHENS, 
 
 Traveler and Author. (1805-1852.) 
 
 WOULD that the sceptic could stand, as I did, among* 
 the ruins of this city, and there open the sacred Book, 
 and read the words of the inspired penman written 
 when this desolate place was one of the greatest cities 
 of the world. I see the scoffer arrested, his cheek pale, his lip 
 quivering, and his heart quaking with fear, as the ancient 
 city cries out to him, in a voice loud and powerful as one 
 risen from the dead. Though he would not believe Moses 
 and the Prophets, he believes the handwriting of God Him- 
 self, in the desolation and eternal ruin around him. — ^^Inci- 
 dents of Travel in Egypt ^ Arabia^ Petria^ and the Holy Land^^'' 
 J)y John Lloyd Stephens, 
 
 ALEXANDER HAMILTON STEPHENS. 
 
 Statesman. (1812-1883.) 
 
 AM a member of the Church, and have been since my 
 boyish days. They have never turned me out, and I 
 have tried to live so that they could never have occa- 
 sion to do so. I am trusting in the atonement of 
 Christ for its cleansing efficacy. 
 
 Never before, perhaps, were the great truths of the Bible 
 from Genesis to Revelation more powerfully assailed than 
 at present. They who lead the assault are Rationalists. 
 They are also known as Materialists in philosophy. The 
 assaults of these schools must be met and their sophisms 
 confuted by the Sunday-School by upholding and sustaining 
 the plain and spiritual truths of the Bible. . . . These 
 are some of the simple truths, teachers, which I have 
 thought it proper to say you should impress upon the minds 
 of your pupils. By these doctrines and principles they will 
 not only be shielded against the errors stated, but their 
 
430 A CLOUD OF WITNEvSSES. 
 
 innate moral sense will be cultivated ; their spiritual attri- 
 butes of devotion will be developed through the mysterious 
 agency of prayer ; and their regeneration — that new spirit- 
 ual birth — though faith, so essential to salvation, will be 
 consummated; and by which their fallen human natures will 
 be elevated and sublimated to a proper fitness for that higher 
 life in which they will be in perfect and eternal communion 
 with their Creator. — Pages 348 and 350, ^''Haphazard Per- 
 sonalities^'' by Charles Lanman. 
 
 ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON, 
 
 British Novelist. (1850-1894.) 
 
 ^T is much more important to do right than 
 to do wrong ; the faithful design to 'do right 
 is accepted by God ; that seems to me to be 
 the Gospel, and that was how Christ de- 
 livered us from the law. If we beJieve in God, 
 where is there any room for terror? If we fail, Christ tells 
 us to hope. — Christmas Sermon to his Mother; see ''The 
 Letters of Robert L. Stevenson,'' edited by Sidney Colvin, 
 
 MARK J. STEWART, 
 
 Member of Parliament, 
 
 E should all resolve to work yet more earnestly in 
 God's vineyard while it is called to-day, and ta 
 leave no effort unattempted by which we may- 
 advance the spread of the Gospel. But we da 
 not forget the words of our Lord's commission, "Go ye inta 
 all the world and preach the Gospel to every creature." Yon 
 will see that in Portugal the good work has been spreading, 
 and that the Society's tract spade, so to speak, has turned 
 the first sod, and, like a great engine, it has gone on cease- 
 lessly working for the spread of truth. There, in that old 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 43I 
 
 l)riest-ridden country, we hear of tracts and Bibles having 
 been sold, and of people forsaking their superstitions for the 
 simplicity of the Gospel, and boldly affirming 
 
 "On Christ, the solid rock, I stand; 
 All other ground is sinking sand." 
 
 — Address in the Great Hall of the Cannon Street Hotel, Lon- 
 don, May 20, 1890. 
 
 6^ 
 
 BALFOUR STEWART, 
 
 British Physicist. 
 
 PETER GUTHRIE TAIT, 
 
 Professor of Mathematics, University of Edinburg. 
 
 UR object in the present work is to endeavor to show 
 that the presumed incompatibility of Science and Re- 
 ^f)^ ligion does not exist. This, indeed, ought to be self- 
 evident to all who believe that the Creator of the 
 Universe is Himself the Author of Revelation. 
 
 Blessed Lord, who hast caused all Holy Scripture to be 
 written for our learning, grant that we may in such wise 
 hear them, read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest them, that 
 by patience, and comfort of Thy holy Word, we may em- 
 brace and ever hold fast the blessed hope of everlasting life^ 
 which Thou hast given us in our Saviour, Jesus Christ. — 
 From Preface and Prayer, " The Unseen Universe, ^^ by B, 
 Stewart and P, G, Tail. 
 
 RICHARD STOCKTON, 
 
 Signer of the Declaration of Independence. 
 (1730-1781.) 
 
 S>7V^S my children will have frequent occasion of perus- 
 ^^[qV ing this instrument, and may probably be peculiarly 
 ^ (^ impressed with the last words of their father, I think 
 proper here, not only to subscribe to the entire be- 
 lief of the great leading doctrines of the Christian religion, 
 
432 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 such as the being of God, the universal defection and de- 
 pravity of human nature, the divinity of the Person, and 
 completeness of the redemption purchased by the blessed 
 Saviour ; the necessity of the Divine Spirit, of Divine faithy 
 accompanied with an habitual virtuous life, and the univer- 
 sality of Divine Providence ; but also in the heart of a father's 
 affection to charge and exhort them to remember "that the 
 fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom/' — From his 
 Will. See page 463, ''^American Christian Rulers ^^^ by Ed- 
 ward J. Giddings. 
 
 GEORGE GABRIEL STOKES, 
 
 Late Frcrsident of the Royal Society, Professor of Mathematics in the Uni- 
 versity of Cambridge, and M. P. for the University, 
 
 E all admit that the book of Nature and the Book 
 of Revelation come alike from God, and that, con- 
 sequently, there can be no real discrepancy be- 
 tween the two if rightly interpreted. The prov- 
 inces of Science and of Revelation are, for the most part, 
 so distinct . that there is little chance for collision. — From 
 the Bible Society Monthly Reporter^ London^ January^ 1889. 
 By the incarnation, the human nature was taken into the 
 Divine ; and though sinless Himself, the Son of God suffered 
 death, the appointed penalty of transgression, in order that 
 through His blood we might have redemption, the forgive- 
 ness of sins. By the human and the Divine natures being 
 united in Him it was not possible that He should be held 
 down by death, and He arose from the dead, the first fruits 
 of them that slept ; rose, however, not to the natural hu- 
 man life in which He was crucified, but to a mysterious, 
 supernatural, higher life, of which the redeemed are in due 
 time to be partakers. How it is that the death of Christ is 
 effectual to the forgiveness of sins and restoration of men to 
 a condition of perfect innocence is a great mystery, which 
 will probably never be understood till in a future life it is 
 experienced; and, perhaps, attempts to explain it has done 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 433 
 
 more harm than good. It is enough for us to trust that it 
 will be for those who come under the conditions of it. — 
 From the Chapter on " The Scientific and Moral Arguments 
 concerning a Future Life^ Supplemented by the Teachings of 
 Revelation^'' in ^''That Unknown Country.'''' 
 
 EMERY ALEXANDER STORRS, 
 
 Lawyer. (1835-1886.) 
 
 ^N his personal recollections of this lawyer, Mr. M. P. 
 Brady relates this incident : *' Himself and a Mr. W. J. 
 Culver were invited by Mr. Storrs to his room one 
 evening, and after picturing to them Florence Cathedral 
 in his peculiar brilliant manner, he replied earnestly to one 
 of the guests who had made some doubtful remark as to the 
 Divinity of Christ, and, rising to his feet at the same mo- 
 ment, " Stop right there — right there ! Was there ever any 
 other h\iman being like Him? Follow His whole history 
 from the beginning, and if you still doubt who He was, listen 
 to His last utterance. There on the Cross He was suffering 
 the most fearful torments imaginable, hearing the jeers and 
 the insults of the crowd, and yet He said these grand words : 
 * Father, forgive them ; for they know not what they do ! ' 
 When was there ever a human being that could rise to such 
 a height of charity and forbearance?" 
 
 c 
 
 
 WILLIAM STRONG, 
 
 Justice of United States Supreme Court. (iBio-iSSo). 
 
 ■\^Z"OU ask me what I think of Christ? He is the 
 
 
 Chiefest among ten thousand, and altogether lovely 
 2 ^^Q^ — my Lord, my Saviour, and my God. 
 
 What do I think of the Bible? It is the infallible 
 Word of God, a light erected all along the shores of time to 
 warn against the rocks and breakers, and to show the only 
 way to the harbor of eternal rest. /i^^y^^ 
 
434 ^ CI^OUD OF WITNESSES. . 
 
 JOSEPH STORY,* 
 
 ' Justice of the United States Supreme Court, (1811-1845). 
 (1779-1845.) 
 
 HY may not the Bible, and especially the New 
 Testament, without note or comment, be read and 
 taught as a Divine Revelation in the college, its 
 general precepts expounded, its evidences ex- 
 plained, and its glorious principles of morality inculcated ? 
 What is there to prevent a work, not sectarian, upon the 
 general evidences of Christianity, from being read and taught 
 in the college by lay teachers ? 
 
 It may well be asked, what is there in all this, which is 
 positively enjoined, inconsistent with the spirit or truths of 
 the religion of Christ? Are not these truths all taught 
 by Christianity, although it teaches much more? Where can 
 the purest principles of morality be learned so clearly or so 
 perfectly as from the New Testament? — See ^^Life and Let- 
 ters of Judge Story ^^^ edited by his son^ William JV. Story ^ 
 Chapter XI I ^ Vohmie II. 
 
 *His son, William W. Story, in the same authority as above, sums up 
 liis father's religious faith as follows : " He believed in the inspiration 
 and doctrine of Christ, in the immortality of the soul, in the unity of God^ 
 and he often intimated a design to write a work in which the rules of 
 legal evidence should be applied to the facts of the Gospel narrative, and to 
 the question of its authenticity argued before a court of justice." 
 
 WILLIAM WETMORE STORY, 
 
 Sculptor and Poet. 
 
 A SONG OF ISRAEL. 
 
 ^UR Christ shall come in glory and in power, 
 Born to command. 
 He shall not weep or pray, or cringe or cower, 
 But with God's lightnings in His hand 
 Tremendous then shall stand. 
 
 *Son of Judge Joseph Story, whose testimony precedes this selection. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 435 
 
 All eyes shall drop before His face 
 
 In doubt and dread ; 
 When He shall come, the Saviour of our race, 
 The crown of triumph on His head, 
 
 Even as the prophet said. 
 
 The hand and thought of man shall quail before 
 
 That shape august ; 
 And prostrate every face to earth adore 
 Him in whose balance we are dust. 
 
 The mighty King — the Just. 
 
 Then shall the song of triumph once again 
 
 For us be heard, 
 And Israel's children sound the joyous strain, 
 The Christ has come — the King and Lord — 
 
 The Wonderful— the Word. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM STIRLING, 
 
 British Lieutenant-General. 
 
 .HE Divine Scriptures lose nothing of the frequency of 
 their being read, and it is one of the glorious things 
 about God's Word that He can make it fresh each 
 succeeding time we read it. . . . The old dis- 
 pensation, it is true, has passed away ; the veil of the temple 
 has been rent in twain from the top to the bottom, and we 
 are told that it is not the blood of goats, but by Christ's own 
 blood that He entered into the Holy Place, having obtained 
 eternal redemption for us. — See Address at the Mildmay Con- 
 ference. 
 
 COUNT JOHANN FRIEDRICH STRUENSEE 
 
 Physician, and Prime Minister of Denmark. ( 1737-1772.) 
 
 HE perpetual remembrance of the greatness of God's 
 mercy, which was shown to me by the redemption of 
 Christ, made me overcome those difficulties I found 
 arose from my natural disposition. . . . Now I 
 
43^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 am praying to God that He may do it, and I am persuaded 
 He will, since Christ has promised it. Prayer takes away 
 the uneasiness I have on this and other points which are dis- 
 agreeable for me to remember. I direct my thoughts to 
 God, repeat the doctrines of the Gospel, reflect on their con- 
 nection, apply them to myself, and if I address myself to 
 God in prayer in the name of my Redeemer for these mer- 
 cies, I find that these contribute to render me easy, and I 
 admire with gratitude the power of religion. — From a ^^Nar- 
 rative of His Life^^^ by D. Munter^ pages 247 and 248. 
 
 CHARLES SUMNER, 
 
 United States Senator, 1851 till Death. (1811-1874.) 
 
 AMIIvIARITY with that great story of redemption, 
 _ ^ when God raised up the slave-born Moses to deliver 
 His chosen people from bondage, and with that sub- 
 limer story where our Saviour died a cruel death that 
 all men, without distinction of race, might be saved, makes 
 slavery impossible. 
 
 Because Christians are in the minority there is no reason 
 for renouncing Christianity, or for surrendering to the false 
 religions; nor do I doubt that Christianity will yet prevail 
 over the earth as the waters cover the sesi.— Pages 321, 171, 
 * ' Life and Public Services of Charles Sumner^ " by E, C, 
 Lester. 
 
 ^ 
 
 CHARLES W. SUPER, 
 
 President of Ohio University. 
 
 "H 
 
 ^7yj>FTER years of careful attention to the subject, 
 ^^(7\ I have become convinced that Christianity is pre- 
 eminently the miracle of the Ages. The doc- 
 trines taught by Jesus Christ and the morality of 
 the Holy Scriptures are a consistent whole, and it is only on 
 
s^^^^^ 
 
 UNIVERSITY PRESIDENTS. 
 
 ANDREW S. Draper. 
 
 ^^S"^ 135- 
 
 Seth low, 
 
 Page 2g4. 
 
 Daniel c. Oilman, George e. MacLean, 
 
 Richard H. Jesse, 
 
 Page 2^4. Page i6g. Page 304. 
 
 FRANCIS H. Snow, William P. Johnston, 
 
 Page 41^. Page 2^7. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 437 
 
 the lines therein laid down that one can attain the highest 
 happiness of which he is capable. I am unable to see how 
 the most searching criticism can ever, in the slightest de- 
 gree detract from the value of the Bible as the great ethical 
 code of the human race. n / c 
 
 GEORGE HAY STUART, 
 
 President of the Christian Commission during the Civil War 
 Philanthropist. 
 
 HAVE prayed for this union ; and I have labored for 
 it, simply because I believed that it would bring glor^ 
 to my blessed Lord and Master, Jesus Christ. . . . 
 I have labored and prayed for it, because it would 
 bring brethren together, now unhappily divided, -to see eye 
 to eye, that the nations that have so long bowed down to- 
 idols might learn of Jesus and Him crucified. — Page 578, 
 * ' The Presbyterian Church Throughout the World, ' ' 
 
 SIR JOHN LINTORN ARABIN SIMMONS, 
 
 British Field-Marshal ; Commandant Royal Engineers. 
 
 >HE army scattered over the world might be the best 
 means of converting the heathen to- our Christian 
 faith. Missionaries are doing a noble work for the 
 extension of the Gospel of our Divine Lord, but if 
 the soldiers were what they ought to be in the sight of God, 
 they would be more effective than a few missionaries here 
 and there. — Page 219, Mildmay Report^ 1899. 
 
 DAVID LOWRY SWAIN, 
 
 Lawyer, Governor, and Educator, (1801-1868,) 
 
 WAS incited by pious parents to the frequent perusal 
 of the Holy Scriptures in my childhood. The foun- 
 dation of a habit laid so early by such hands has been 
 strengthened by the lapse of time. Some years since, 
 influenced by the suggestion of the younger Adams to his 
 
438 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 son, I determined to read the Sacred Volume through once a 
 year, by assigning five chapters as the ordinary and appro- 
 priate duty of each day. . . . During the seventeen 
 years that I have been connected with the University it has 
 been a part of my routine duty to hear a recitation of the 
 senior class every Sabbath throughout the scholastic year. 
 I have uniformly availed myself of this opportunity to direct 
 the attention of the class, sometimes by systematic instruction 
 in the text, and always by frequent references, to the Holy 
 Scriptures. . . . If a skeptic were to engage sincerely in 
 the performance of such a duty, the declaration of our Saviour 
 that " if any man will do His will, he shall know of the 
 doctrine" might find a practical exemplification. — '"''Testi- 
 mony to the Value of the Sacred Scriptiires^^ by the American 
 Bible Society. 
 
 JOSEPH SWAIN, 
 
 President of Indiana University. 
 
 ^HE BIBLE must be interpreted by human agencies 
 just as it was revealed to human agencies. 
 
 I wish to express the belief that between the two 
 great Divine books. Nature and the Bible, as origi- 
 nally revealed, there can be no essential difference. 
 
 God's Word does not teach physical truths so much as 
 moral truths, and the things which are largely beyond the 
 pale of natural science. Wherever nature is described it is 
 incidental to moral teachings. 
 
 Sir William Rowan Hamilton appears to have been an 
 earnest believer in Christ, as numerous references in his 
 writings show. " I am only too happy," he remarks, '' to 
 bear my testimony to the truth of the Christian religion, 
 and as not being prevented by my scientific studies from 
 believing what a Christian ought to believe." 
 
 Andrew D. White, late President of Cornell University, 
 finds that, after all the conflict in the realms of religion, the 
 Psalms of David remain no less beautiful, the great utter- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 439 
 
 ances of the Hebrew prophets no less powerful, the sermon 
 on the Mount, "the first commandment, and the second 
 which is like unto it," the definition of pure religion and 
 undefiled, by St. James, appeal no less to the deepest things 
 in the human heart. 
 
 In 1882 letters were published from eight of the leading 
 scientists of the world in answer to the three following 
 questions : 
 
 1. Are a majority of the recognized authorities in phys- 
 ical science hostile to Christianity ? 
 
 2. Is there any necessary antagonism between physical 
 science and Christianity? 
 
 3. Is the study of physical science of necessity prejudi- 
 cial, in the student himself, to a personal acceptance of 
 Christianity ? 
 
 * The eight men referred to are Sir John W. Dawson, of 
 McGill College ; Professor Charles A. Young, of Princeton Col- 
 lege ; Professor Tait, of Edinburgh University ; Professor 
 Kirkwood, of Indiana University ; the late Professor Asa 
 Gray, and Professor Benjamin Peirce, both of Harvard ; 
 Professor Joseph LeConte, of the University of California; 
 and Professor James D. Dana, of Yale College. Not one of 
 this galaxy answered the second or third question in the 
 affirmative ; that is, not one believed that there is any neces- 
 sary antagonism between science and Christianity ; neither 
 prejudicial, in the student himself, to a personal acceptance 
 of it. The first question is answered more fully, but I shall 
 only summarize their views : Dawson and Gray are in- 
 clined to think that only a small majority of scientific men 
 are hostile to Christianity. Professor Young believes that 
 of the scientific men of his acquaintance, a small, but rather 
 noisy, minority are hostile to it. Professor Tait is certain 
 that the question can be answered negatively with reference 
 to Great Britain. " Our own time," says Professor Kirk- 
 wood, " is not an exception to the historic fact that in all ages 
 
 *The witnesses named here, with one exception, have testified else- 
 where in this book. 
 
440 A CI^OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 minds of broadest culture have accepted Christianity." Pro- 
 fessor Dana replies with an emphatic '' No," and Professor 
 Peirce was not aware that any of the leading men in phys- 
 ical science are opposed to what they believed to be Chris- 
 tianity, and the lives of the best authorities in science have 
 always been of purity which Christianity could not -but ap- 
 
 JOHN LINDSAY SWIFT, 
 
 Deputy Collector of Customs, Boston. 
 
 NEVER left my mother in my life but that she said 
 to me, " I want to live long enough to see you come 
 to your Lord and Saviour." On one occasion during 
 the war for the flag I was invited to deliver an address 
 in Tremont Temple. The hall was crowded and the inter- 
 est intense, and at a certain point the whole audience rose 
 to their feet, surging and swaying with cheers. As I stood 
 there alone amid this wild outburst of enthusiasm I looked 
 into the left gallery and saw one pale, unemotional face. It 
 was the face of my mother. She is a little woman, and it 
 -seems as if I could lift her in the palm of my hand ; but 
 she had great faith and love. And when I met her she said, 
 ^'I have given you freely, my son, to the country; but oh, if 
 I could see you stand there and talk for your Saviour I would 
 ask nothing more on this earth." And when I took my 
 stand I went home directly to that mother. I don't know 
 that I can get on with this part of my story, but you will un- 
 derstand the difficulty. The stars in the skies scarcely out- 
 number the prayers she had given to her Father on my be- 
 half. And I was going home, the last one in her band of 
 children, resolved to tell her that her Saviour was my 
 Saviour, and her God was my God. We were all there, an 
 unbroken and redeemed family. She gathered me in her 
 arms as tenderly as when I was a helpless child. There is a 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 44I 
 
 passage in Scripture, "Except ye be converted, an . become 
 as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of 
 heaven." I know what that means. I know what it is to 
 feel as a little child, if my hairs are gray with the footfalls of 
 time. — Delivered in Boston in 1877 at the Moody Meetings. 
 
 LEWIS SWIFT, 
 
 CN o Astronomer; Director of the Warner Observatory. 
 
 ^\^T0\5 ask me as an astronomer my personal opinion 
 ■'^^'Y;^ of Christ and the Bible. To the first question I 
 
 ) *:^22^ answer : I believe Christ was, in whatever respect 
 He may be contemplated, the most remarkable Per- 
 sonage that ever was a denizen of our planet. I believe He 
 was as He claimed to be, the Son of Man, and the Son of 
 Ood, a combination of the human and Divine natures. To 
 the second question I answer: I believe the Bible to be the 
 Word of God, and as it came from the hands of its inspired 
 authors was free from errors of every kind, and that it is the 
 i^nly infallible rule of faith and practice. 
 
 ^^ i^A^iH^ ^/iy^>-t^ 
 
 ALGERNON CHARLES SWINBURNE, 
 
 English Poet. 
 
 FROM "CHRISTMAS ANTIPHONES. 
 
 HOU whose birth on earth 
 Angels sang to men, 
 While Thy stars made mirth, 
 Saviour, at Thy birth, 
 This day born again ; 
 
442 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 As this night was bright 
 
 With Thy cradle-ray, 
 Very Light of light, 
 In the wild world's night 
 To Thy perfect day. 
 
 Thou, the Word and Lord, 
 
 In all time and space 
 Heard, beheld, adored. 
 With all ages poured 
 Forth before Thy face. 
 
 Lord, what worth in earth 
 
 Drew Thee down to die ? 
 What therein was worth 
 Lord, Thy death and birth? 
 What beneath Thy sky ? 
 
 TORQUATO TASSO, 
 
 Italian Poet. (1544-1595.) 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM "JERUSALEM DELIVERED.'^ 
 
 ERE, Lord, where currents from Thy wounded side 
 
 Stained the besprinkled ground with sanguine red, 
 Should not these two quick springs, at least, their tider 
 
 In bitter memory of Thy passion shed ? 
 And melt'st thou not, ray icy heart, where bled 
 
 Thy dear Redeemer ? Still must pity sleep ? 
 My flinty bosom, who so cold and dead ? 
 
 Break, and with tears the hallow'd region steep ; 
 If that thou weep'st not now, forever shouldst thou weep ! 
 
 Verse 8, Canto I 11^ 
 
 Thee, Father ! Thee they sing, coequal Son ! 
 
 And Thee, blessed Spirit ! in whom both combine ; 
 All-pitying, saving, all-consoling One ! 
 
 Thee, Virgin-Mother of the man Divine ! 
 And ye, who o'er the bright-wing'd hosts that shine 
 
 Around, in triple orbs vicegerence have. 
 Princedoms ! your succor they invoke ; and thine, 
 
 Baptist beloved ! that in the less pure wave 
 Pure Mary's sacred Son immaculate didst lave. 
 
 Verse 7, Canto XH 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 44. 
 
 Darkness, the world, the flesh, spiritual sin, 
 
 With such infectious stains thy soul defile, 
 No earthly spring can wash thy conscience clean, 
 
 The streams of Ganges, or the floods of Nile. 
 The secret source of what in thee is vile 
 
 Heaven's grace alone can fitly purge away ; 
 Turn to thy Saviour then, in lowly style 
 
 Ask for forgiveness ; all thy sins display ; 
 Cling to the Cross in faith ; weep, tremble, praise, and pray. 
 
 Verse 8, Canio XVIII. 
 
 NAHUM TATE, 
 
 Poet-Laureate of England. (1652-1715.) 
 
 SONG OF THE ANGELS. 
 
 HILE shepherds watched their flock by night, 
 All seated on the ground. 
 The angel of the Lord came down, 
 And glory shone around. 
 
 " Fear not," said He, for mighty dread 
 Had seized their troubled mind ; 
 
 " Glad tidings of great joy I bring 
 To you and all mankind. 
 
 *' To you, in David's town this day 
 
 Is born of David's line 
 The Saviour, who is Christ, the I^ord, 
 
 And this shall be the sign : 
 
 ** The heavenly Babe you there shall find 
 
 To human view displayed. 
 All meanly wrapped in swaddling-bands, 
 
 And in a manger laid." 
 
 This spake the seraph, and forthwith 
 
 Appeared a shining throng 
 Of angels, praising God, who thus 
 
 Addressed their joyful song : 
 
 "All glory be to God on high. 
 
 And to the earth be peace ; 
 Good will henceforth from heaven to men 
 
 Begin, and never cease. 
 
4d1 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ARTHUR TAPPAN, 
 
 Financier and Philanthropist. (1786-1865.) 
 
 'N founding the '* Richards professorship of Christian 
 Theology " at Auburn Theological Seminary he took 
 particular care against any theological perversion in 
 this conditional clause: "It is my intention and de- 
 sign in granting the said sum that the interest or income 
 of said capital fund shall be annually applied to the support 
 of a professor of Christian theology holding the theological 
 sentiments and faith which are required by the ordinances of 
 the seminary now in force ; and if at any time hereafter any 
 professor on this foundation shall differ from the said system 
 of faith, and especially if such professor shall not fully believe 
 and teach the true and proper Divinity of the Ivord Jesus 
 Christ, the personality of the Holy Spirit, the total depravity 
 of man in his natural state, and the eternal punishment of 
 the wicked, then the founder of this professorship reserves to 
 himself, his heirs, executors, and assigns, the right to re- 
 claim and receive back the capital fund hereby granted." — 
 In Addenda of ^^ Life of Arthur Tappan^^^ by his brother^ Lewis 
 Tappan. 
 
 BAYARD TAYLOR, 
 
 Poet, Diplomat, Author, and Traveler. (1825-1878.) 
 
 JERUSALEM. 
 
 HY strength, Jerusalem, is o'er, 
 And broken are thy walls ; 
 The harp of Israel sounds no more 
 
 In thy deserted halls. 
 But where thy kings and prophets trod, 
 
 Triumphant over death, 
 Behold the living Son of God, 
 
 The Christ of Nazareth ! 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 445 
 
 The halo of His presence fills 
 
 Thy courts, the ways of men ; 
 His footsteps on thy holy hills 
 
 Are beautiful as then. 
 The prayer, whose bloody sweat betrayed 
 
 His human agony. 
 Still haunts the awful olive shade 
 
 Of old Gethsemane. 
 
 Woe unto thee, Jerusalem ! 
 
 Slayer of prophets ; thou, 
 That in thy fury stonest them 
 
 God sent, and sends thee now. 
 Where Thou, O Christ, with anguish spent, 
 
 Forgav'st Thy foes and died ; 
 Thy garments are daily rent, 
 
 Thy soul is crucified ! 
 
 ROGER BROOKE TANEY,* 
 
 Chief-Justice United States Supreme Court, 1836-1864. 
 (1777-1864.) 
 
 TOMORROW I shall be eighty-five years o.d. I can 
 not suffer it to close without expressing gratitude to 
 the Giver of every good. Whatever may come, God's 
 will be done! I must meet what is before me with 
 the faith and fortitude of a Christian. 
 
 ■'•Justice Daniel, just before the hour of going to the Supreme Court, 
 opened the door of Chief-Justice Taney, and found him on his knees in 
 prayer. He withdrew much mortified that he had forgotten to rap. He 
 quickly made an apology for the intrusion, which the Chief-Justice ac- 
 cepted with the remark that it was his custom, before he began the duties 
 of the dav, to seek Divine guidance. — '■'Memoir of Roi^cr Brooke Taney'^ 
 by Samuel Tyler. 
 
 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TAYLOR. 
 
 Poet and Author. {1819-1887.) 
 
 THE GOSPEL FOR THE POOR. 
 
 ^N the Roman dungeon dying. 
 
 Waiting there his day of doom. 
 
 Faith bewildered, blinded, dying, 
 
 John, the Baptist, lay in gloom. 
 
44^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Honored he, the desert preacher, 
 
 Over all the sons of God, 
 He had laid the world's great Teacher 
 
 Under Jordan's crystal flood ; 
 
 And his arms the form had lifted 
 
 Back to life and light again, 
 That should bid the grave be rifted 
 
 And give liberty to men. 
 
 Grand old John, in heavy sorrow, 
 
 Sent this last message out : 
 ''Art Thou the Christ ? " Then dawning morrow 
 Banished every cloud of doubt. 
 
 " Go tell the Baptist," quick replying. 
 This the Master's answering word: 
 
 "Blind men see the midnight flying, 
 Lame men walk, the deaf have neard. 
 
 " Lepers clean as lilies' daughters. 
 Graves are rent and dead men live. 
 
 Gospel free as flowing waters 
 
 Preached to them with naught to give." 
 
 So the Saviour crowned the story, 
 Gave the poor His love sublime, 
 
 Grandest proof of Gospel glory. 
 Boundless blessing for all time, 
 
 Everywhere, O heavy-hearted. 
 
 Be ye girded, glad and strong! 
 Dungeons lighted ! Doubt departed ! 
 Pass the tidings right along. 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR. 
 
 Professor of Mathematics in Colgate University. 
 
 N the beginning God created the heaven and earth," is 
 the most scientific acconnt of creation on record. 
 That there is a God who is Creator may transcend our 
 power of comprehension; but that there is no God 
 and no Creator violates our highest sense of reason, as well 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 447 
 
 as our moral and religious nature. Our rational faculties no 
 more require our acceptance of the mathematical axioms 
 than does our religious nature demand the belief in a per- 
 sonal God. 
 
 " In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with 
 God, and the Word was God," is as essential a revelation to 
 our moral and religious nature as the belief in a Creator is a 
 necessary demand of our intellectual sense. The more fully 
 we become developed and well-rounded men the more earnest 
 is the demand of our higher nature for the truth and revela- 
 tion of the Bible. That Christ is the Light, the Truth, the 
 Revelation, and the Saviour to the world is the testimony of 
 the most eminent and candid thinkers. 
 
 0\/Yyv(d fh' ^M^^' 
 
 =/ 
 
 ZACHARY TAYLOR. 
 
 Twelfth President of the United States. (1784-1850.) 
 
 ^A<^ BIBLE, beautifully bound with the Constitution of 
 ^A^^ the United States, was presented to him by some 
 ' (c)^ ladies of Frankfort, Kentucky, February 14, 1849. 
 He acknowledged their kindness in this language : 
 " I accept with gratitude and pleasure your gift of this inesti- 
 mable Volume. It was for the love of the truths of this great 
 Book that our fathers abandoned their native shores for the 
 wilderness. Animated by its lofty principles they toiled and 
 suffered till the desert blossomed as the rose. The same 
 truths sustained them in their resolutions to become a free 
 nation; and guided by the wisdom of this Book they 
 founded a government under which we have grown from 
 three millions to more than twenty millions of people, and 
 
448 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 from being but a stock on the borders of this Continent we 
 have spread from the Atlantic to the Pacific. I trust that 
 their principles of liberty may extend, if without bloodshed, 
 from the northern to the southern extremities of the Conti- 
 nent. If there were in that Book nothing but its great pre- 
 cept, ''All things whatsoever ye would that men should do 
 unto you, do ye even so to them," and if that precept were 
 obeyed, our government might extend over the whole Conti- 
 nent. Accept, sir, my sincere thanks for the kind manner in 
 which you have discharged this duty ; and expressing again 
 my hearty gratitude to the ladies for their beautiful gift, I 
 pray that health, peace, and prosperity may long be contin- 
 ued to them." — Frankfort Commonwealth^ February 21, 1849. 
 
 SIR RICHARD TEMPLE, 
 
 Member of Parliament. 
 
 JyJ^^^^ after all, what Book at this moment, even in this 
 \Cc\_ busy, struggling land of England, creates so much 
 ^ (0)^ interest ? You all remember the day when the Re- 
 vised Version of the New Testament came out. 
 Was any Book ever sought within living memory with such 
 avidity? Was there ever any Book of which so many hun- 
 dred thousands of copies were circulated within a few hours ? 
 No writer, no publisher, however famous or celebrated, could 
 ever obtain for an uninspired book such a circulation as that 
 which was obtained without the slightest effort at publica- 
 tion, or issuing, in one day by the Revised Version of the 
 Scriptures. Now, is not this an encouraging thing — an 
 encouragement and a spring eternal of hope to us to try and 
 spread this work among all those who believe and those who 
 do not believe? To those to whom it has not yet been given 
 to believe the Book it will constitute the most romantic 
 and interesting of histories, the grandest of poetry, the most 
 glowing of eloquence. But to me it does more. It gives 
 us the one hope we have of something beyond the grave. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 449 
 
 It is the Book which awakens in us the thought that we 
 were not made to die. It is the Book that makes us feel 
 sure that we are not to perish like the beasts of the field, or 
 the fowls of the air, or the trees of the forest, or the rocks of 
 the mountain ; but that we are to have a blessed immortality, 
 if truly, as was said by one of our latest philosophers, over 
 each of our graves it may be written, ^^Obdormivit in Chris to " 
 — " He fell asleep in Christ." — From the Bible Society 
 Monthly Reporter^ June 1889, London. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM TEMPLE, 
 
 English Statesman, Diplomat, and Author. (1628-1699.) 
 
 f ^^OSES was instructed to know God more particularly, 
 . ML ^^^ admitted both to see His glory and to learn His 
 C>^ name, Jehovah, and to institute from heaven the 
 whole religion of the Jews ; so the prophets, under 
 the Old Testament, were taught to know the will of God, 
 and thereby to instruct the people in it, and enabled to 
 prophesy, and do miracles, for a testimony of their being 
 truly sent from Heaven. So our blessed Saviour came into 
 the world to show the will of His Father, to teach His pre- 
 cepts and commands, and so His Apostles by the Holy 
 Ghost, for the same ends. — Page 492, Volume II I ^ of ^^The 
 Works of Sir William Temple^ Barty 
 
 SANBORN TENNEY, 
 
 Naturalist and Educator. (1827-1877.) 
 
 HIS truth, the great antiquity of the earth, so plainly 
 taught in nature's own records, is one which has 
 caused the science of geology to be looked upon with 
 suspicion by those who believe the sacred Scriptures 
 limit the age of the world to six thousand years. And this 
 truth is often assailed as though it were the peculiar prop- 
 
450 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 erty of the geologist, while it is a truth which belongs to all 
 mankind. It had not its origin with man, but with God. It 
 was registered in enduring characters ere man was created. 
 And I will not attempt to say whether it be worse to deny 
 the truths which He has revealed in His Word, or those 
 which he has revealed in His works. 
 
 If such be the testimony of the rocks, we may safely aver 
 that it is not contradicted by the Bible ; for have not the vol- 
 ume of Nature and the volume of Inspiration Jthe same great 
 Author ? The greatest scholars of the present time are fully 
 satisfied that the Scriptures do not fix the age of the earth ; 
 and that the word which is translated "day" does not always 
 mean a period of twenty-four hours, nor always even the 
 same amount of time, as may be readily proved by referring 
 to the different places where it is used. If we regard the six 
 days mentioned in Genesis as representing successive long 
 periods of time, the apparent difficulty disappears, and the 
 records agree in all their essential features. — From his Text- 
 Boo k on Geology^ 1859. 
 
 GEORGE HENRY THOMAS, 
 
 Federal Major-General. (1816-1870.) 
 
 B was a firm believer in the Christian religion, and, 
 especially in the last few years of his life, felt the 
 obligation and the paramount importance to its bib- 
 lical precepts, and a public profession of his faith, 
 near the close of his life, was only prevented by the arrange- 
 ments which had crowded upon him before the time ap- 
 pointed for this step. . . . He once said that he did not 
 see how anyone could be an infidel, and then discoursed at 
 length on the profound and mysterious doctrines of Christ. 
 . . . In integrity of character, in purity of life, in firm- 
 ness of faith, he exemplified in his daily life the teachings 
 of the Divine Founder of Christianity.— /^<^^^i- 459 and 460, 
 " The Life of Major-General George H. Thomas^'' by Thomas 
 B. Van Home. U. S. A. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 45 1 
 
 ALFRED TENNYSON, 
 
 English Poet-Laureate. (1802-1892.) 
 
 FROM " IN GRIEF." 
 
 TRONG Son of God ! immortal Love, 
 
 Whom we, that have not seen Thy face, 
 By faith, and faith alone, embrace, 
 Believing where we can not prove ! 
 
 Thine are these orbs of light and shade ; 
 
 Thou madest life in man and brute ; 
 
 Thou madest Death ; and lo, Thy foot 
 Is on the skull which thou hast made ! 
 
 Thou wilt not leave us in the dust ; 
 
 Thou madest man, he knows not why ; 
 
 He thinks he was not made to die ; 
 And Thou hast made Him : Thou art just. 
 
 Thou seemest human and Divine, 
 The highest, holiest manhood. Thou; 
 Our wills are ours, we know not how ; 
 
 Our wills are ours to make them Thine. 
 
 I hope that the Bible will be more and more studied by all 
 ranks of people and expounded simply by the teachers, for 
 the religion of the people can never be founded on mere 
 moral philosophy ; it must come home to them in the plain, 
 noble thoughts of the Holy Scriptures. — Page 308, Voluyne 
 /, ' ' Alfred Lord Tennyson^ ' ' a Memoir by his Son. 
 
452 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 God is now with us as we two are walking together just as 
 truly as Christ was with the two disciples on the way to Em- 
 maus; we can not see Him; but He, the Father and the 
 Saviour and the Spirit, is nearer, perhaps, now than then to 
 those who are not afraid to believe the words of the Apostles 
 about the actual and real presence of God and His Christ with 
 all who yearn for it. I should be sorely afraid to live my life 
 without God's presence; but to feel that He is by my side 
 now, just as much as you are, that is the very joy of my 
 heart. — To his Niece ^ Miss Agnes Weld; see Contemporary 
 Review^ November y 1897. 
 
 CHARLES ERNEST TRITTON, 
 
 Member of British Parliament. 
 
 ADHERE to the grand old truths of the Bible ; my 
 one aim has always been to tell of a crucified Christ, 
 a risen Christ, an ascended Christ, a Christ receiving 
 sinners, a Christ for the battle of life, and a Christ for 
 the dying bed. — See Address as Chairman of the Religious 
 Tract Society Anniversary^ Exeter Hall^ June^ 1896. 
 
 JAMES TISSOT, 
 
 French Painter. 
 
 AM a Christian above all things, a worshiper of Jesus 
 Christ, who lived and died and rose again, not for any 
 sect, but for all believers, for all those who look to 
 Him as the Son of God and the Son of Man. 
 
 Nicholas Heath, Lord High Chancellor, England 
 (1501-1566): To preach the Gospel or administer the Loid's 
 Supper a woman may not. Our Saviour ascended on high, 
 and gave the whole gov^ernment of His church to men. — 
 ''''Lives of the Lord Chancellors of Englaiid,'^'' by Campbell. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 453 
 
 THE UNITED STATES A CHRISTIAN 
 NATION. 
 
 ITHOUT dissent, March 3, 1863, the United States 
 Senate passed this resolution : ^^ Resolved^ That de- 
 voutly recognizing the supreme authority and just 
 government of Almighty God in all the affairs of 
 men and nations, and sincerely believing that no people, 
 however great in numbers and resources, or however strong 
 in the justness of their cause, can prosper without His 
 favor, and at the same time deploring the national offenses 
 which have provoked His righteous judgment, yet encour- 
 aged in this day of trouble by the assurance of His Word, to 
 seek Him for succor according to His appointed way, through 
 Jesus Christ, the Senate of the United States do hereby re- 
 quest the President of the United States, by his proclama- 
 tion, to designate and set apart a day for national prayer and 
 humiliation." — Congressional Globe ^ third session of the 
 Thirty -Seventh Congress^ pages 1448 and 1501. 
 
 In accord with the above resolution. President Lincoln, 
 March 30th, issued his proclamation. The following pas- 
 sages are quoted : *' Whereas^ It is the duty of nations, as 
 well as of men, to own their dependence upon the overrul- 
 ing power of God, to confess their sins and transgressions in 
 humble sorrow, yet with assured hope that genuine repent- 
 ance will lead to mercy and pardon, and to recognize the 
 sublime truth announced by the Holy Scriptures, and proven 
 by all history, that those nations only are blessed whose God 
 is the Lord ; and inasmuch as we know that, by His divine 
 law, nations, like individuals, are subjected to punishments 
 and chastisements in this world, may we not justly fear that 
 the awful calamity of civil war, which now desolates the 
 land, may be but a punishment inflicted upon us for our pre- 
 sumptuous sins to the needful end of our national reforma- 
 tion as a whole people. . . . Intoxicated with unbroken 
 success, we have become too self-sufficient to feel the neces- 
 
454 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 sity of redeeming and preserving grace, too proud to the 
 God that made us." 
 
 WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY,' 
 
 English Novelist. (1811-1863.) 
 
 pi!is:;;i:i;i!;Ki;;i;!;iiiiiiii 
 
 they 
 
 PRAY Almighty God 
 
 that the words I write 
 
 in this house may be 
 
 pure and honest ; that 
 
 may be dictated by 
 
 no personal spite, unworthy 
 
 motive or unjust greed of 
 
 gain; that they may tell the 
 
 {l truth, as far as I know it, 
 
 and tend to promote love 
 
 and peace among men for 
 
 the sake of Christ, our Lord. 
 
 — See Ijitroductio7t to the' 
 
 Biographical Edition of his writings^ by Mrs. Ritchie^ his 
 
 daus[hter. 
 
 TITIAN (TIZIANO VECELLIO), 
 
 Qj^-. Venitian Painter (1477-1576.) 
 
 ^ ^ROMISE to bury me in the church where I achieved 
 
 ^ C my first triumph— bury me there! Promise to bury 
 
 ^ ^ me there, and I will yet live to paint for you another 
 
 "Christ, a Christ of Pity," that shall be more near 
 
 to what He is than any that has yet been painted, even as 
 
 I am by so many years the nearer to seeing Him myself. — 
 
 Written when 99 years of age; extract frojn Sir Wyke Bay- 
 
 less^ Study of ^ ' The Face of Christ. ' ' 
 
 *'One Sunday evening Thackeray was walking with two friends near 
 Edinburgh. It was a lovely night. Corstorphine Hill lay in the center of 
 this pure radiance. A wooden crane, used in the quarry below, was so 
 placed as to assume the figure of a Cross. All these gazed at it silently. 
 As they gazed he gave tremulous utterance to the word, " CALVARY " ! All 
 that evening he was very serious, speaking of Divine things — of death, 
 eternity and salvation — expressing a simple faith in his Saviour. — "■The 
 Death of Thackeray'"' from " Spare Hours''' by Doctor John Brozun. 
 
CELEBRITIES OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 CIVIL, DIPLOMATIC, AND CONGRESSIONAL. 
 
 Joseph H. Walker, 
 
 Page 4y8. 
 
 John W. Foster, John Hay, 
 
 Page 1^4. Page 24^. 
 
 John D. Long, 
 
 Page 2po. 
 
 Nelson Dingley. 
 
 Page /JO 
 
 Thaddeus C. Clarkson. 
 
 , Page 86. 
 
 Stewart L. Woodford, 
 
 Page 5/^. 
 
 Joseph Wheeler, 
 
 Pas^e AOQ. 
 
OrTHc \ 
 
 UNIVERSITY ■ 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THE DECLARATION OF EIGHT HUNDRED 
 
 SCIENTISTS OF GREAT 
 
 BRITAIN.* 
 
 E, the undersigned, Students of the Natural Sci- 
 ences, desire to express our sincere regret that 
 researches into scientific truth are perverted by 
 some in our own times into occasion for casting 
 doubt upon the truth and authenticity of the Holy Scrip- 
 tures. We conceive that it is impossible for the Word of God, 
 as written in the book of nature, and God's Word written in 
 Holy Scripture, to contradict one another, however much 
 they may appear to differ. We are not forgetful that Phys- 
 ical Science is not complete, but is only in a condition of 
 progress, and that at present our finite reason enables us 
 only to see as through a glass darkly; and we confidently 
 believe that a time will come when the two records will be 
 seen to agree in every particular. We can not but deplore 
 that Natural Science should be looked upon with suspicion 
 by many who do not make a study of it, merely on account 
 of the unadvised manner in which some are placing it in 
 opposition to Holy Writ. We believe that it is the duty of 
 every Scientific Student to investigate nature simply for the 
 purpose of elucidating truth, and that if he finds that some 
 of his results appear to be in contradiction to the Written 
 Word, or rather to his own interpretations of it, which may 
 be erroneous, he should not presumptuously affirm that his 
 own conclusions must be right, and the Statements of Scrip- 
 
 ■^The original copy of this interesting document is now in the Bodelian 
 Library, Oxford, England— the largest library in the world! It was signed 
 'by eight hundred representative scientists. Doubtless it would have 
 been gratifying to the reader to know the names of the remainder, but val- 
 uable space forbade their publication here. A sufficient number, however, 
 of signatures has been appended to reveal the general character and 
 scholastic standing of the entire body. Honorary degrees, an exception to 
 the rule of the book, as stated on page i, are made in this testimony. I 
 am under special obligation to the Bodelian Librarian for transcribing 
 this important declaration. S. A. N. 
 
456 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ture wrong; rather, leave the two side by side till it shall 
 please God to allow us to see the manner in which they 
 may be reconciled ; and, instead of insisting upon the seem- 
 ing differences between Science and the Scriptures, it would 
 be as well to rest in faith upon the points in which they 
 agree. 
 Thomas Anderson, M. D., F. K. S. E., etc.. Professor of 
 
 Chemistry in the University of Glasgow. 
 Richard Austin, M. D., M. R. C. S., late Professor of Ma- 
 teria- Medica in the School of Medicine of the Apoth- 
 ecaries' Society, Ireland. 
 A. B. Becher, R. N., F. R. a. S., F. G. S., First Naval As- 
 sistant, Hydrog. Office, Admiralty. 
 Thomas Bell, F. R. S., F. G. S., late Pres. L. S., Acad., Soc. 
 Hist. Nat. et Philom., Paris.; Acad. Sc, Philad. ; Soc. 
 Hist. Nat. Bost. et Lt. et Sc. ; Hung. Corresp. ; Professor 
 of Zoology in King's College, London. 
 William Clark, M. D., F. R. S., F. G. S., Professor of Anat- 
 omy in the University of Cambridge. 
 Arthur Scott Donkin, M. D. Edin., M. D. Dun., L. R. C. 
 S. E., Lecturer on Medical Jurisprudence in the Univer- 
 sity of Durham, etc. 
 Patrick Eraser, M. D., L. R. C. P., L. R. C. S. E., etc.. Sen- 
 ior Professor to the London Hospital, Physician Extra- 
 ordinary to the late Queen of Portugal; Staff Physician 
 in the Crimea, and in the War of Restoration in Por- 
 tugal. 
 John C. Hale, F. R. A. S., etc.. Surveyor and Superintend- 
 ent of the Meteorological Department, Local Govern- 
 ment Office, Whitehall. 
 George Johnson, M. D., F. R. C. P., etc.. Professor of 
 Medicine in King's College, London, Physician to King's 
 College Hospital, etc. 
 George H. B. Macleod, M. D., F. R. C. S. E., F. F. P. S. 
 Glas., Mem. Corn de la Soc. de Chir. de Paris, Mem. 
 Paris Med. Society, etc.. Lecturer on Surgery in Ander- 
 son's University, Glasgow, late Senior Surgeon Civil 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 457 
 
 Hospital, Smyrna, and General Hospital in Camp be- 
 fore Sebastopol, etc. 
 
 John B. Melsom, M. A., M. D., Cant, F. C. P. S., J. P., 
 Corr. Mem. Phil. Soc. Basle, etc., late Professor of Nat- 
 ural and Experimental Philosophy and Clinical Med- 
 icine in Queen's College, Birmingham. 
 
 E. Renerikr, Memb. de la Soc. Vaud. des Sci. Nat., Memb. 
 de la Soc. Helvet. des Sci. Nat., Memb. de la Soc. 
 Geolog. de France, Professor of Geology, Mineralogy, 
 and Paleontology in the Academy of Lausanne. 
 
 Adam Sedgwick, M. A., D. C. L., F. R. S., Hon. M. R. I. 
 A., F. G. S., F. R. A. S., etc., Inst. Imp. Acad. Sci. 
 Paris Correspondence, Fellow of Trinity College, and 
 Woodwarden Professor of Geology in the University of 
 Cambridge. 
 
 John Stenhouse, LL.D., F. R. S., F. C. S., late Professor 
 of Chemistry at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Assayer to 
 the Royal Mint. 
 
 G. J. Symons, Memb. Counc. Brit. Met. Soc, Memb. Scot. 
 Met. Soc, Reporter on Rainfall to the British Associa- 
 tion. 
 
 John Wilson, M. D., F. R. S., F. L. S., Inspector General 
 of Hospitals, Hon. Physician to the Queen. 
 
 Sir David Brewster, K. H., LL.D., D. CL., F. R. S., V. 
 P. R. S. E., Hon. M. R. I. A. et Phil. Soc. Cam., F. G. 
 S., F. R. A. S., M. A., M. D. (Jena), Ord. Boruss. '^Pour 
 le Merite " Eq., Officer of the Legion of Honor, Inst., 
 Imp. Par. (Acad. Sci.) Assoc, Acadd. Sci. Imp. et Reg. 
 Petrop. Berol. Brux. Gotting., Hafn. Soc Harlem, Holm. 
 Ludg. Gall. Monach., Soc. Im., Nat. Mosq. et Inst. Venet. 
 Corr., Acad, aut Soc. Erlang. Flor., Traj. -Franc. Rhen.- 
 Traj., Soc. Antiq. Noom. Soc. Scand. Nat., Inst. Nat. 
 Wash. Lye, Nat. Hist. Nov.-Ebor., Acad. Sci. Bost. et 
 Philad., Soc. Antiq. Amer. et Lit. et Hist. Soc. Quebec^ 
 et Cape Town, Soc. Honor., Principal and Vice Chan- 
 cellor of the University of Edinburg. 
 
45^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 CHARLES THOMSON, 
 
 Patriot, and Secretary of the First Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 
 
 (1729-1824.) 
 
 ^N 18 1 5 he published "A Synopsis of the Four Evan- 
 gelists, or a regular history of the Conception, Birth, 
 Doctrine, Miracles, Death, Resurrection, and Ascension 
 of Jesus Christ, in the words of the Evangelists."— /^<^^<? 
 97, Volume VI ^ '"''Apple toil's American Cyclopcsdiay 
 
 In the Preface of the book just mentioned he wrote : "To 
 undertake a new harmony of the Gospels, after the many 
 made, might seem an attempt at vanity, did not the more 
 numerous harmonies in the last two centuries show, one af- 
 ter another, that those which preceded had not given satis- 
 faction. How I have suceeded is now submitted to the judg- 
 ment of the candid reader. For my own part, I have the 
 satisfaction to think assuredly that, on a full and fair exam- 
 ination, it will be found that the Evangelists are neither in- 
 consistent, nor do they contradict one another ; but that, on 
 the contrary, they mutually elucidate, support, and confirm 
 one another's narration." 
 
 JAMES THOMSON, 
 
 Scottish Poet, (i 700-1 748.) 
 
 MY refuge and consolation is in philosophy — Christian 
 philosophy — which I heartily wish you may yet be a 
 ^^<f^ disciple of, as well as myself. Indeed, my dear 
 friend, it is far above the Platonic. I have sent you a 
 pamphlet upon a subject relative to it, which we have for- 
 merly talked of. I writ it last year, and I writ it with a 
 particular view to your satisfaction. You have, therefore, a 
 double right to it, and I wish to God it might appear to you 
 as convincing as it does to me, and bring you to add the 
 faith to the heart of the Christian. — P/iilzmore^s Memoirs 
 and Correspondence of George Lytleton^ Volume /, page 307. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 459 
 
 LOUIS ADOLPHE THIERS, 
 
 Late President of the French Republic; Historian. (1797-1877.) 
 
 ^Av^ RELIGIOUS belief is necessary ; man has need of a 
 
 ^t^^ religious belief; such a religious belief, pure, moral, 
 
 <^ (c}^ antique, existed. It is the old religion of Christ. — 
 
 Chapter XI I ^ Volume III ^ page 205, ^^ Historie du 
 
 Consulate este V Ernpire.^'^ 
 
 I often invoke that God in whom I am happy to believe, 
 who is denied by fools and ignorant people, but in whom the 
 enlightened man finds consolation and hope. I have with 
 conviction defended the Christian religion as insuring the 
 highest degree of grandeur for France and liberty in its high- 
 est sense, and believing that society without Christianity 
 would fall into frightful chaos. Materialism is at once stu- 
 pidity and danger. For myself, I am a passionate believer 
 in religion, and if I were possessed of more time and strength 
 I would like to confound materialism in the name of science 
 and good sense. — From a Public Address delivered near the 
 close of his official career. 
 
 WILLIAM M. THORNTON, 
 
 President of the University of Virginia. 
 
 FULLY believe in the Divinity of Christ, and the In- 
 spiration of the Bible. My hopes for the spread of the 
 spirit of Jesus among men, for the establishment of the 
 ideals of the Bible as the ideals of humanity, are based 
 upon other grounds than the sacerdotal tradition and eccles- 
 iastical dogmatism. My hope is that when a sober and rever- 
 ent criticism has stripped from the doctrine of the Bible all 
 that is transitory and non-essential, and revealed this doctrine 
 in its intrinsic power and Divine spirit, man may approach 
 God more freely by the roads of love and hberty, purity and 
 peace. I believe that it is the duty of all men to strive to 
 make this approach easier for themselves and others by 
 dwelhng on the spirit rather than on the letter, and by an 
 individual revolt against every form of sectarian narrowness 
 and churchly bigotry. ^4^ J^ oM^^Uor^^ 
 
460 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR WILLIAM THOMSON, 
 
 (LORD KELVIN.) 
 
 Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Glasgow. 
 
 
 9^ 
 
 primary reason for 
 accepting the invita- 
 tion to preside was 
 that I wished to show 
 sympathy with this great 
 Society which has been es- 
 tablished for the purpose of 
 defending Christianity as a 
 Divine Revelation. I also 
 thought something was due 
 from Science. I have long 
 felt that there was a general 
 impression in the non-scien- 
 tific world that the scientific 
 world believes Science has 
 discovered ways of explain- 
 ing all the facts of nature without adopting any definite 
 belief in a Creator. I have never doubted that that im- 
 pression was utterly groundless. It seems to me that when 
 a scientific man- says — as it has been said from time to 
 time — that there is no God, he does not express his own 
 ideas clearly. He is, perhaps, struggling with difficulties ; 
 but when he says that he does not believe in a creative 
 power I am convinced he does not faithfully express what 
 is in his mind. He is out of his depth. ... I may 
 refer to that old but never uninteresting subject of the mir- 
 acles of geology. Physical Science does something for us 
 here. Peter speaks of scoffers who said that "all things 
 continue as they were from the beginning," but the Apostle 
 affirms himself that "all these things shall be dissolved." 
 It seems to me that even physical science absolutely dem- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 461 
 
 onstrates the scientific truth of these words. We feel that 
 there is no possibility of things going on forever as they 
 have done for the last six thousand years. In science, as 
 in morals and politics, there is absolutely no periodicity. — 
 From his address as Chairman of '' The Christian Evidence 
 Society^'' London^ at its Nineteenth Anniversary^ May 23, 
 1889. \ 
 
 \^ 
 
 JOHN MELLEN THURSTON, 
 
 United States Senator. 
 
 iVWYERS are the students of Jurisprudence. Juris- 
 prudence is the science of law. Religion is the 
 
 t^o Jurisprudence of Divine law. The Divine law of 
 Christianity is based upon three essential beliefs: 
 First, the existence and unity of God ; second, the immor- 
 tality of man ; third, the divinity of Jesus Christ, and His 
 atonement. 
 
 The divinity of Christ, and His power of mediation with 
 the Father are not matters of exact demonstration, and must 
 be accepted by the human soul entirely on faith ; but the 
 promise is so great, the hope is so sweet, it costs so little to 
 be safe, that a man is a fool indeed if he hesitates to accept 
 in its utmost fullness the Divine doctrine of love as taught 
 by the lowly Nazarene ; and, indeed, when we are once con- 
 vinced of the existence of a God and our own immortality, 
 the mission of the Saviour seems to follow so naturally, 
 seems so worthy of the infinite love and power of man's 
 Creator, that our belief in the Father extends to the Son. 
 
 Nearly all great lawyers accept, almost as a matter of 
 course, the truths of Christianity. They are also believers in 
 the mediation of Jesus Christ, as they can appreciate in all 
 its fullness the divinity of the law which accepts repentance 
 and belief as full atonement for its violation. They receive 
 Christianity without question because of the comprehension 
 and simplicity of their minds. Quibbling, uncertainty, and 
 hesitation are the characteristics of inferior intellects. Moses, 
 
462 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 the law-giver, is only second to Christ, the Saviour. Who 
 can read the unparalleled story of his wonderful life without 
 believing that he was, indeed, anointed of God ; raised up 
 for the accomplishment of his great mission, inspired and 
 directed by the Divine will. An eloquent mimic of the great 
 skeptics of" past generations has painted a beautiful word 
 picture of the sweet peace and eternal rest which comes to 
 man when '' death ends all." But it is only a picture which 
 fades away before the ghastly horror of its serious contem- 
 plation. If it were given me, of all living men, to know 
 of absolute certainty that death does end all, I would tear 
 my tongue out by the roots, and go down to the grave in 
 silence rather than reveal to a Christian world a secret so 
 damning that it would overturn governments, disorganize 
 society, destroy morality, brutalize mankind, and make life a 
 curse. It is not true ; death does not end all. The great 
 truths of the Christian religion are self-evident. There is a 
 God, Creator, Father, vSaviour, Judge. Man is immortal. 
 
 '( ,C^^^Cvuu-^'-^''M^ 
 
 The Earl of Cavan, British Philanthropist (1887); 
 The Divine Word quickens our souls and gives us great joy 
 . . . The Lord will bless those who are instrumental in 
 bringing all peoples to the Lord Jesus Christ, who is a prec- 
 ious Saviour to every one who believes in Him. — Declared at 
 Mildmay Conference^ 1882. 
 
 The Duke of Grafton, British General: I have 
 passed the allotted time of man — eighty years — and this is, 
 doubtless, the last time I will appear in public to advocate 
 the claims of the Gospel of my Lord and Redeemer. — On 
 Taking the Chair at a Bible Meetings Towcester^ 1901. 
 
 Alexander Peckover, Lord Lieutenant of Cambridge- 
 shire, Great Britain : The sacred Scriptures are the guide 
 and comfort of my life. I cling to the Cross of my Saviour, 
 the only salvation. The blood of Jesus Christ cleanseth from 
 all sin. — To the Author. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 463 
 
 SIR SAMUEL LEONARD TILLEY, 
 
 Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick. 
 
 l_^ .OR more than fifty years, I have been a subscriber to 
 ^^ ^ A one of the auxiliaries of the British and Foreign Bible 
 Society, and for a like period have recognized the 
 ^ all-sufficiency of the great atonement made by our 
 Lord and Saviour on the Cross. I cheerfully give my testi- 
 mony to the value and inspiration of the Book of books. 
 Dark, indeed, would be this world without Christ's death 
 and resurrection, and the hope of glory. 
 
 T. T. TIMAYENIS, 
 
 Gc.A Greek Historian. 
 
 ^UCH was Hellenism in the East at and after the in- 
 carnate Christ was made known. As Alexander the 
 Great, three centuries and a half before, raising the 
 flag of Hellenism, had marched from Macedonia to 
 the conquest of the East, so the Christian religion, assuming 
 the panoply of the Hellenic tongue, argument, and admini- 
 stration, sallied forth from Palestine for the subjugation of 
 the West. 
 
 The truth disclosed by our Saviour is the work of Divine 
 Providence, while Hellenism only aided the work by Hel- 
 lenizing the multitudes, and thus preparing them for the ac- 
 ceptance and understanding of the one and true God. . . . 
 For, indeed, how many difficulties and obstacles would Chris- 
 tianity have encountered without the assistance of Hellen- 
 ism ? The Gospel would have been preached in the Hebrew, 
 and not only was that tongue unknown beyond Jordan, but 
 in Syria, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Asia Minor, Thrace, and Hel- 
 ios various dialects and tongues prevailed into which the 
 
464 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Word of God would have had to be as many times translated. 
 Again, the Gospel needed not merely to be preached, but 
 also to be explained ; it needed a language able to develop 
 its lofty truths — a tongue in every respect complete, fur- 
 nished, and philosophical. Hellenism, therefore, not only 
 prepared the way for success, but it also furnished to the 
 new religion the most artistic of linguistic tongues that ever 
 God gave to man, and, through its alliance with Christianity, 
 long preserved its historic claim and the rank which, to this 
 day, it holds in the East. — Pages 282 and 283, 256 and 257, 
 Volume Ily ''^History of Greece ^^^ by T. T. Timayenis. 
 
 ALEXIS CHARLES HENRY CLEREL 
 TOCQUEVILLE, 
 
 French Statesman and Political Writer. (1805-1859.) 
 
 Christianity is the companion of liberty in all its 
 conflicts — the cradle of its infancy and the Divine 
 ^-^\& source of its claims. 
 
 Christianity has, therefore, retained a strong hold on 
 the public mind in America; and I would now particularly 
 remark that its sway is not only that of philosophical doc- 
 trine which has been adopted upon inquiry, but of a religion 
 which is believed without discussion. 
 
 Mohammed professed to derive from Heaven, and he has 
 inserted in the Koran, not only a body of religious doctrines, 
 but political maxims, civil and criminal laws, and theories of 
 science. The Gospel, on the contrary, only speaks of the 
 general relations of men to God and to each other — beyond 
 which it inculcates and imposes no point of faith. This 
 alone, besides a thousand other reasons, would suflice to 
 prove that the former of these religions will never predomi- 
 nate in a cultured and democratic age, whilst the latter is 
 destined to retain its sway at these and all other periods. — 
 Volume III^ ''''Democracy in America?'' 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 465 
 
 COUNT LYOF N. TOLSTOI, 
 
 Russian Novelist. 
 
 HAVE always been possessed of the religious ideas set 
 forth in this book. For thirty-five years of my life, 
 in the proper acceptation of the word, a nihilist — not 
 a revolutionary socialist, but a man who believed 
 nothing. Five years ago, faith came to me ; I believed the 
 doctrine of Jesus, and my whole life underwent a sudden 
 transformation. What I once wished for, I wished for no 
 longer, and I began to desire what I never desired before. 
 My life and my desires were completely changed; good and 
 evil interchanged meanings. Why so? Because I under- 
 stood the doctrine of Jesus in a different way from that 
 which I had formerly understood. The thief on the cross 
 believed in Christ, and was saved. Like the thief on the 
 cross I believed in the doctrine of Jesus, and that belief has 
 made me whole. ... I understood nothing of this life ; 
 it seemed to me to be a frightful thing, and then — I under- 
 stood the words of Jesus Christ, and life and death ceased to 
 be evil; instead of despair, I tasted joy and happiness, that 
 death could not take away. — See introduction to his book^ 
 ^^My Religion.^'' 
 
 JOHN GRAY TOUCH, 
 
 Lieutenant-General of England. 
 
 , ,0R the last forty-seven years Jesus Christ has been to 
 ^ ^ ^ me the only Saviour in whom we can trust for our sal- 
 vation; His righteousness in the sinner's absolute 
 helplessness is all-sufhcient under the Everlasting 
 Covenant ; His love and faithfulness the sources of strength, 
 comfort, and joy in every difficulty and trial — " all my salva- 
 tion and all my desire." 
 
 The Bible is the word of God, "a lamp unto my feet, and 
 a light unto my path," a safe counselor and a sure guide un- 
 
466 . A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 der all circumstances ; meeting every want of the soul and * 
 every emergency of life — the only standard of truth, and an 
 authority against which there can be no appeal. I can bear 
 testimony to the infinite value of Christ and the Bible in 
 their adaptability to the most enlightened, as well as de- 
 graded races. 
 
 FREDRICK TOWNSEND, 
 
 Brigadier-General. 
 
 .HE injunctions and instructions of a devoted mother, 
 whose text-book was the Bible, enjoined and im- 
 parted " in season, and out of season ; here a little, 
 and there a little," as she used to say, have generally 
 kept me walking "in the fear of the Lord" ; and with the 
 light of the open Bible have brought me long since to a 
 daily realization of " the truth as it is in Jesus." 
 
 ^izx^L 
 
 ANTHONY TROLLOPE 
 
 English Novelist. (1851-1882.) 
 
 'N his delineation of "A Low-Church Chaplain" in " Bar- 
 chester Towers," these passages occur: "The 'dese- 
 cration of the Sabbath,' as he delights to call it, is to 
 him meat and drink. It is the loved subject of all his 
 evening discourses, the source of all his eloquence, the secret 
 of all his power. To him the Revelation of God appears 
 only in that one law given for Jewish observance. To him 
 the mercy of our Saviour speaks in vain. To him in vaii> 
 has been preached that sermon which fell from Divine lips 
 on the mountain : ' Blessed are the meek, for they shall in- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 407 
 
 herit the earth ' ; ' Blessed are the merciful, for they shall 
 obtain mercy.' To him the New Testament is compara- 
 tively of little moment, for from it he can draw no fresh 
 authority for that dominion which he loves to exercise over 
 at least a seventh part of man's allotted time here below." 
 
 JONATHAN TRUMBULL,* 
 
 Colonial Statesman; Governor of Connecticut, 1769-1783. 
 
 (1710-1785.) 
 
 HE Bible was more than ever his companion, and its 
 
 grand teachings were enhanced to him by reading 
 
 them in Greek and Hebrew. — Page 106, Volume /, 
 
 ^^ National Portrait Gallery of Eminent Americans^^^ 
 
 by Everet Duychinck. 
 
 Governor Trumbull sent out this appeal during the Revo- 
 lution: "In this day of calamity, to trust altogether to the 
 justice of our cause, without our utmost exertion, would be 
 tempting Providence. . . . March on ! — this shall be your 
 warrant: Play the man for God, and for the cities of our God. 
 May the Lord of Hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, be 
 your Captain, your Leader, your Conductor, and Saviour." — 
 See his ''''Life^^ by Isaac IV. Stuart. 
 
 JOHN RANDOLPH TUCKER, 
 
 Dean of Law School in "Washington and Lee University. 
 (1823-1897.; 
 
 AM requested to give my personal conviction respect- 
 ing Christ and the Bible. I believe this inspired 
 Book contains the will of God for man's salvation 
 and moral development ; and that Jesus Christ is the 
 Word made flesh — the Incarnate God — sent into the world 
 to redeem humanity from sin ; " that whosoever belie veth in 
 
 "*The epithet " Brother Jonathan," often quoted as a personification of 
 the United States, originated with Washington, who, when perplexed, was 
 wont to use this expression : " Let us hear what Brother Jonathan says." 
 
468 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Him should not perish, but have everlasting life ;" " neither 
 is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name 
 given among men, whereby we must be saved." 
 
 MARTIN FARQUHAR TUPPER, 
 
 English Poet and Author. 
 
 IN PRAISE OF HIS WORD. 
 
 HE Scriptures have a might and magnificence all their own ! 
 How comforting are its promises, how precious its precepts ! 
 How wise and kind and pure and good its influence on the soul ! 
 How strong its hold upon the heart, its power within the mind 
 
 A HYMN FOR AI,L NATIONS. 
 
 Written for the World's Fair of 1851, and translated at that time 
 into thirty languages. 
 
 Glorious God ! on Thee we call, 
 Father, Friend, and Judge of all ; 
 Holy Saviour, Heavenly King, 
 Homage to Thy throne we bring ! 
 
 In the wonders all around 
 Ever is Thy Spirit found, 
 And of each good thing we see 
 All the good is born of Thee ! 
 
 Thine the beauteous skill that lurks 
 Everywhere in nature's works ; 
 Thine is art, with all its worth. 
 Thine each masterpiece on earth ! 
 
 Yea, and foremost in the van 
 Springs from Thee the mind of man ; 
 On its light, for this is Thine, 
 Shed abroad the love divine ! 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 469 
 
 Lo, our God ! Thy children here 
 
 From all realms are gathered near ; 
 
 Wisely gathered, gathering still, 
 
 For '• peace on earth, towards men good- will ! " 
 
 May we, with fraternal mind, 
 Bless our brothers of mankind ! 
 May we, through redeeming love. 
 Be the blest abode of God above ! 
 
 . JOHN TYLER, 
 
 Tenth President of the United States. (1790-1862,) 
 
 HROUGH the 
 
 kindness of his 
 son, President Ty- 
 ler, of the College 
 of William and Mary, and 
 biographer, this informa- 
 tion was furnished: "It 
 was comforting to know 
 that the great work of 
 eternity had not been neg- 
 lected. His gifted mind 
 held fast, as a foundation 
 of its faith and hope, to 
 the oracles of God. He 
 was long accustomed to 
 meditate on things of eter- 
 nity. And when, a few 
 
 years ago, he was prostrated by sickness, and the idea of ap- 
 proaching dissolution, the testimony of the pastor, whose 
 services he was so fond of attending in that church he had 
 so reverently joined, showed the brightness of the Christian 
 faith in which he died." 
 
470 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SHARON TURNER, 
 
 English Historian. (1768-1847.) 
 
 ^T must be, therefore, an essential principle of the soul's 
 vital nature, that no prolongation of its conscious exist- 
 ence shall anywhere injure it, if it has been created to 
 be a resident in an everlasting kingdom. But on this 
 fact of its future eternity the whole system of out Divine Rev- 
 elation has been based. We die here to rise to immortal life 
 from the death we undergo. To procure and insure this 
 blessing to us our Saviour came to earth, taught, lived, and 
 suffered, as our Christian records state ; and His resurrection 
 from His Judean tomb has been declared to be, and to be 
 meant to be, the pledge and representation, and assurance of 
 our own. . . . The sacred history of the world, its plan, 
 the Divine purpose in human life, the great truth and pros- 
 pect revealed to us by our Saviour, seem to be founded on the 
 two great principles of our intellectual nature — its immortal- 
 ity and improvability. — P.age 250, Volu7ne II I ^ ''^ Turner^ s 
 Sacred History ^^ in Family Library Series, 
 
 ALEXANDER ERASER TYTLER, 
 
 Scottish Jurist and Historian. (1747-1813.) 
 
 THOROUGH acquaintance with the history of the 
 world and the state of mankind at the time of our 
 Saviour's birth has led the wisest and most enlight- 
 ened inquirers to conclude that the Almighty, hav- 
 ing designed to illuminate the world by Revelation, there was 
 no period at which it was more certainly required than that 
 in- which it was actually sent ; nor could any occurrence of 
 circumstances have been more favorable for its extensive dis- 
 semination than that which took place at the time of our 
 Saviour's mission. A great part of the known world was 
 at this time under the dominion of the Romans, and subject 
 to all those grievances which are the inevitable result of a 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. All 
 
 system of arbitrary power. Yet this circumstance of the 
 union of so many nations into one great empire was of con- 
 siderable advantage for the propagation and advancement of 
 Christianity. . . . About the middle of the second cen- 
 tury we find the books of the New Testament had been col- 
 lected under one volume, and were received as a canon of 
 faith in all the Christian churches. This selection of the 
 inspired books from the compositions of so many teachers of 
 Christianity, who had written in imitation of their styles and 
 had recorded the acts of our Saviour, is supposed to have 
 been made by some of the early Fathers of the Church. — 
 ^^Tytler^s Universal History^^'' Book V^ Chapter IV, 
 
 SIR HENRY VANE, 
 
 English Republican Statesman, and Governor of Massachusetts. 
 (1612-1662.) 
 
 HEY that press so earnestly to carry on my trial do 
 little know what the presence of God may be afforded 
 me in it, and issue out of it to the magnifying of 
 Christ in my body, by life or by death. Nor can 
 they, I am sure, imagine how much I desire to be dissolved 
 and be with Christ, which of all things which can befall me 
 I account the best. — ^^ Knight's England^'' Volume /F, Chap- 
 ter XV I ^ Page 260. 
 
 As the present storm we now lie under, and the dark 
 clouds that yet hang over the Reformed Churches of Christ, 
 which are coming thicker and faster, so the coming of Jesus 
 Christ in these clouds in order to a speedy and sudden re- 
 vival of His cause, and spread of His kingdom over the face 
 of the whole earth, is most clear to the eye of faith, even the 
 faith in which I die, whereby the kingdoms of this world 
 shall become the kingdoms of our Lord and of His Christ, 
 Amen! Even so come, Lord Jesus! — Page 293, ''''Library 
 of American Biography^'' by Jacob Sparks, 
 
472 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHANN LUDWIG UHLAND, 
 
 German Lyric Poet. (1787-1862.) 
 
 HEAVEN. 
 
 FOR THE BEREAVED. 
 
 ^RIEND, thou must trust in Him who trod before 
 The desolate paths of life ; 
 Must bear in meekness as He meekly bore, 
 
 Sorrow, and pain, and strife ! 
 Think how the Son of God 
 These thorny paths has trod ; 
 Think how He longed to go, 
 Yet tarried out for thee the appointed woe ; 
 Think of His weariness in places dim, 
 Where no man comforted or cared for Him ! 
 Think of the blood-like sweat 
 With which His brow was wet, 
 Yet how He prayed, unaided and alone, 
 In that great agony, " Thy will be done ! " 
 Friend, do not thou despair, 
 Christ from heaven of heavens w411 hear thy prayer. 
 
 JOHN HENRY UPSHUR, 
 
 Rear- Admiral of the United States Navy. 
 
 HILE your question of m)^ opinion of *' Christ and 
 the Bible" may seem a little strange when put to 
 a layman, it is one which, I think, every intelli- 
 gent being should be competent and willing to 
 give an answer to, however brief. I have never had a doubt 
 of the existence and Divinity of Jesus Christ, and have always 
 believed that the sacred and inspired Scriptures, especially 
 those treating of His coming, His life and ministry on earth, 
 with its plan of salvation, and lessons of human as well as 
 God-like sufferings and death, offer a compass and chart 
 to every voyager by land and sea who is not faithless, and 
 thus in death secure to him a safe anchorage in eternity. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 473 
 
 ^'The 
 Jesus 
 
 MARTIN VAN BUREN, 
 
 Eighth President of the United States. (1782-1862.) 
 
 URING his 
 
 last illness 
 
 lie made this 
 
 confession: 
 atonement of 
 Christ is the 
 only remedy and rest 
 for my soul." 
 
 On the threshold 
 of his official relations 
 as President, he de- 
 clared: " I only look 
 to the gracious pro- 
 tection of that Divine 
 Being whose strength- 
 ening support I hum- 
 bly solicit, and whom 
 I fervently pray to 
 look down upon us all. May it be among the dispensations 
 of His Providence to bless our beloved country with honors 
 and length of days ; may her ways be ways of pleasantness, 
 and all her paths peace." 
 
 CORNELIUS VANDERBILT, 
 
 Financier and Philanthropist. (1794-1877.) 
 
 I EAR Doctor, you have never crowded your religion 
 on me, but you have been faithful to me. Say to 
 all men that you did not have the slightest influ- 
 ence in the world in persuading me to believe the 
 that you could not, nor all the angels, nor ministers, 
 for I never had a minute when I did not believe it was the 
 Word of God. — Page 146, '''' Pulpit aiid the Grave,^^ 
 
 Bible 
 
474 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 NICHOLAS VANSITTART, 
 
 (LORD BEXLEY,) 
 
 Member of Parliament. (1766-1851.) 
 
 )BT it not be forgotten that countries both within and 
 far beyond the limits of Christendom are looking to 
 t^ British Christians to furnish them with the rich treas- 
 ure of God's written Word. Let it be known that our 
 resources are not adequate to meet the exigencies of the 
 times, and that its income does not keep pace with its in- 
 creasing expenditures. Let it be remembered how deeply 
 Britain is indebted, under God, to the Bible, for its many 
 social, political, and religious advantages. Let these things 
 be bourne in mind, as furnishing this moment a call in Prov- 
 idence distinct and imperative ; a call to individual and com- 
 bined exertion not unaccompanied with prayer ; and let our 
 efforts never cease until the Bible is everywhere exalted to 
 its, true position, and the teachings of fallible men univer- 
 sally give place to the "true sayings of God." — Bible Society 
 Reporter^ December^ 1891. 
 
 HENRY VAUGHAN, 
 
 English Poet. (1621-1695.) 
 
 PEACE. 
 
 Y soul, there is a Countrie 
 ±\VJ. Far beyond the stars, 
 *Jj<^ Where stands a winged centrie 
 All skillful in the wars. 
 There above noise and danger 
 
 Sweet peace is crowned with smiles, 
 And ONE born in a manger 
 
 Commands the beauteous files. 
 He is thy gracious Friend, • 
 
 And (O my soul, awake !) 
 Did in pure love descend 
 To die here for thy sake. 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 475 
 
 SIR AUBREY DE VERE, 
 
 Irish Poet. (1788-1846.) 
 
 M 
 
 ^ 
 
 THE PASSION FI.OWER. 
 
 RT Thou a type of beauty, or of power, 
 Of sweet enjoyment, or disastrous sin ? 
 For each thy name denoteth, Passion Flower ! 
 
 O no ! thy pure corolla's depth within 
 We trace a holier symbol ; yea, a sign 
 
 'Twixt God and man ; a record of that hour 
 When the expiatory act divine 
 
 Canceled that curse which was our mortal dower. 
 It is the Cross. 
 
 SACRED AND PROFANE WRITERS. 
 
 Let those who will, hang rapturously o'er 
 
 The flowing eloquence of Plato's page ; 
 Repeat, with flashing eye, the sounds that pour 
 
 From Homer's verse as with torrent's rage ; 
 Let those who list, ask TuUy to assuage 
 
 Wild hearts with high- wrought periods, and restore 
 The reign of rhetoric ; or maxims sage 
 
 Winnow from Seneca's sententious lore. 
 
 Wu-Tung~Fang, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister 
 Plenipotentiary from China to the United States : It must 
 not be supposed that there is any intention on my part to 
 belittle the doctrines of Christ, for, so far as I know, I be- 
 lieve Christianity is the highest form of religion that has 
 ever been founded in the world. — See his Lecture^ ''^The 
 Teachings of Confucius. ' * 
 
 Perre Paul Royer-Collard, fifteenth President, 
 Chamber of Deputies (1763-1845): Jesus Christ, the Di- 
 vine Majesty, is the holy of holies; God and man together, 
 and present in the most sacred of our mysteries. — From his 
 Oration^ ' ' Sacrilege in Law. ' ' 
 
476 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Not these, but Judah's hallowed bard, to me 
 Are dear ; Isaiah's noble energy ; 
 
 The temperate grief of Job ; the artless strain 
 Of Ruth and pastoral Amos, the high songs 
 Of David, and the tale of Joseph's wrongs, 
 
 Simply pathetic, eloquently plain. 
 
 THOMAS DE VERE, 
 
 Irish Poet and Miscellaneous Writer. 
 
 jGyTv?^ the moon its splendor borrows 
 Xl^V From a sun unseen all night, 
 ^^ So from Christ, the Sun of Justice, 
 
 Draws His Church her sacred light. 
 Touched by His, her hands have healing, 
 
 Bread of Life, absolving key ; 
 Christ incarnate is her bridegroom — 
 The spirit hers. His temple she. 
 
 ZEBULON BAIRD VANCE, 
 
 Governor; Congressman; United States Senator, 1879 till death. 
 (1830-1894.) 
 
 E have seen educated and respectable men, descen- 
 dants of those from whom we derive our civiliza- 
 tion, kinsmen after the flesh of Him whom we 
 esteem as the Son of God and Saviour of men, 
 ignominiously ejected from hotels and watering-places . . . 
 May the real spirit of Christ be triumphantly infused world- 
 wide. — From his Lecture^ '-^The Scattered Nation,^ ^ 
 
 FRANCIS P. VENABLE, 
 
 President of the University of North Carolina. 
 
 AM glad to assert my belief in Christ and the Scrip- 
 tures. I can see but one solution to the great mystery 
 of this tangled life of ours, and that is given in the life 
 of our Saviour. He alone is the life and light of the 
 world. Otherwise life has no meaning. I can but re-echo 
 the word of Peter: *'To whom shall we go? Thou hast the 
 words of eternal life!" "OTN /*» 
 
O 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 CO 
 
 < 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 477 
 
 SIR EDMUND VERNEY, 
 
 Late Member of Parliament and Royal Navy. Author. 
 
 .HIRTY years of my life were spent in the Royal 
 Navy ; the indirect teaching of this profession is that 
 the only workable rule of life is duty — service for 
 others. Seamen are generally ready to adapt this same 
 sense of duty to their Christian profession, which is most 
 genuine; the sincere Christianity of our sailors as a body 
 constitutes the strength of that profession. 
 
 For nearly twenty years I was in public and political life; 
 it was rare to find a leader of men of any party who was not 
 a simple believer in the divinity of Jesus Christ. As to the 
 Divine Book, it is only necessary to study it ; the more you 
 read, the more you want to read. I never heard of anyone 
 who failed to find in it practical principles for guidance in 
 every-day life, comfort in sorrow, encouragement in bitter 
 humiliation, correction in error, and bright hope for this life 
 and the life to come. 
 
 ^Oi/rrturrLoUJ&rrz^ 
 
 LEONARDO DA VINCI, 
 
 Florentine Painter. (i45?-i5J9.) 
 
 STILL want two heads, one of which, the Saviour, I 
 could not hope to find on earth, and have not yet at- 
 tained the power to imagine, with all the spiritual 
 grace demanded for the representation of Deity incar- 
 nate. The other is that of Judas, who betrayed his Lord and 
 Creator. — Page 386, Volume 11^ ''''Lives of Eminent Painter Sy 
 Sculptors and Architects^ ' ' by Giorgia Vasari. 
 
 PETER DUMONT VROOM, 
 
 Lawyer and Diplomat. (1791-1873.) 
 
 F we would do our work effectually we must follow 
 them with the Bible. They can not go without carry- 
 ing sin with them. The spirit of enterprise is pushing 
 its way to the far West; now striking into tl^e dark 
 
478 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 bosom of the forest, and now pursuing its course along the 
 margin of some stream, in either case far removed from the 
 influence of religion and the Bible. Can we, who know the 
 value of Gospel truth, who have partaken of its blessings, and 
 are constantly refreshed by the rich streams that flow forever 
 from this spiritual fountain — can we be insensible to their 
 wants? ... In thus approaching them, our adopted 
 brethren may rest satisfied that our motives are pure ; we 
 meet them on the broad and catholic basis of the Bible with- 
 out note or comment. We believe it to be the best hope of 
 the country in which we have now a common interest ; and, 
 what is of infinitely more importance, we believe it to be 
 ***the power of God, and the wisdom of God unto the salva- 
 tion of their souls."— ^" Testimony to the Value of the Scrip- 
 tures ^^^ by the American Bible Society. 
 
 MORRISON REMICK WAITE, 
 
 Chief-Justice of the United States Supreme Court, 1874-1888. 
 (1816-1888.) 
 
 m 
 
 MEMBER of the family, by personal request, certi- 
 fo\; fies to the following: "The late Chief- Justice 
 tc^ (q)j Waite lived his Christianity ; did not talk it merely. 
 He believed in the inspiration of the Holy Scrips 
 ture as it appeared, but was too busy to study up all the 
 modern questions agitating the churches. He accept<^d the 
 faith as it was taught in our denomination, and was, th^r^' 
 fore, a believer in the divinity of Jesus Christ." 
 
 JOSEPH H. WALKER, 
 
 Congressman. 
 
 .HE Bible says Christ is " the Truth." I sincerely be 
 lieve it, and that there is no truth outside of Him. 
 The Bible is what it purports to be, "The Word of 
 God," whether by verbal inspiration, plenary inspira- 
 tion, or by truth impressing itself overpoweringly on the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 479 
 
 mind of godly men. Real happiness and prosperity are 
 only in obedience to Jesus Christ, in essence in all the life. 
 
 ^U^ 
 
 RICHARD WAGNER, 
 
 German Musical Composer. (1813-1883.) 
 
 OD Himself 
 was left to 
 the philos- 
 ophers to 
 define, and proved 
 a conception which 
 the Hellenic mind 
 sought in vain dis- 
 tinctly to establish, 
 until, by a band of 
 wonderfully in- 
 spired people, the 
 incredible tidings 
 were proclaimed 
 that the Son of God 
 had offered Him- 
 self upon the Cross 
 as a sacrifice for the 
 redemption of the 
 world from the 
 bonds of deceit and sin. With this, God Himself assumed 
 shape as in that most anthrophormorphic manner, viz.: the 
 highest conception of sympathetic love — a human fonn 
 stretched in agonizing suffering upon the Cross. — Wagner^ 
 1880, page 272. 
 
2fio A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 SIR EVELYN WOOD, 
 
 Adjutant-General of the British Army. 
 
 ^HY Word is a lamp unto my feet and a light unto my 
 path." '*I said unto the Lord, Thou art my God; 
 hear the voice of my supplication, Lord. O Lord 
 God, Thou strength of my health, Thou hast covered 
 my head in the day of battle. " 
 
 '* O Christ, Whose voice the waters heard 
 And hushed their raging at Thy word, 
 Who walkest on the foaming deep, 
 And calm amid the storm didst sleep; 
 
 O hear us when we cry to Thee 
 
 For those in peril on the sea." 
 
 JOHN LORIMER Vv^ORDEN, 
 
 Rear- Admiral. 
 
 'T would be a pleasure to write fully regarding my faith 
 in Christ and the Bible, but my head is in such a con- 
 dition of debility* that I am unable to express myself 
 intelligently upon any theme; however, I find my 
 jreligious feelings voiced by the Christian poet thus: 
 
 " Jesus, Saviour, pilot me. 
 Over life's tempestuous sea ; 
 Unknown waves before me roll. 
 Hiding rock and treacherous shoal; 
 Chart and compass come from Thee; 
 Jesus, Saviour, pilot me." 
 
 * In the naval duel between the Monitor and the Merrimac at Hamp- 
 ton Roads, March 9, 1862, the Rear-Admiral was severely wounded in the 
 eyes, rendering him almost blind. — S. A. N. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 481 
 
 DUKE OF WESTMINSTER, 
 
 British Philanthropist. 
 
 E are engaged in a noble and very holy work in 
 endeavoring to bring the Gospel of Christ our 
 Saviour before our sailors. The use of the Divine 
 Scriptures must, of course, by the teachings of the 
 Holy Spirit, tend to their highest good and their eternal wel- 
 fare. There is a great need for special prayer on their behalf, 
 and the following linens will be found not only appropriate 
 for ourselves, but especially for men at sea : 
 
 " Oh ! Thou that in the hollow of Thy hand, 
 
 Holdest the vast ocean's waters, 
 
 Thou whose voice the raging winds and stormy seas obey, 
 
 As down the tide of life we hold our course. 
 
 Oh ! may Thy Grace our guiding Pilot prove, 
 
 Thy will our leading Star. 
 
 Oh I be Thou our Guide till, all the ills of life securely past, 
 
 We anchor in the haven of Thy rest." 
 
 SIR FRANCIS WALSINGHAM, 
 
 English Statesman. (1536-1590.) 
 
 O, I am not melancholy, but I am serious ; and it is 
 very proper that we should be so ! Ah, my friends, 
 while we laugh, everything is serious about us. 
 God is serious, who exerciseth patience towards us ; 
 Christ is serious, who shed His atoning blood for us ; the 
 Holy Ghost is serious, who striveth against the obstinacy of 
 our hearts; the Holy Scriptures are serious books; they pre- 
 sent to our thoughts the most serious concerns in all the 
 world ; the holy sacraments represent very serious and awful 
 matters ; the whole creation is serious in serving God and 
 us ; all in heaven are serious ; all who are in hell are serious. 
 How then can we be gay and trifling? — Page 649, ''''Alii- 
 bone's Prose Quotations!''' 
 
482 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 JOHN WANAMAKER, 
 
 Postmaster-General under President Harrison; 
 Philanthropist. 
 
 HATEVER skeptics may say, 
 there is power in the religion 
 of our Lord Jesus Christ. It 
 is my profound conviction that 
 the Gospel is to win the heart and con- 
 vert the world. The procession is being 
 made longer and longer, and the let- 
 ters of CHRIST'S name are becoming 
 larger and larger. — Extract from his Address at the Eighth 
 Annual Conference of the Young People'' s Society of Christian 
 Endeavor^ Philadelphia^ July ^-w^ 1889. 
 
 IZAAK WALTON, 
 
 English Writer. ( 1593 ?-i683.) 
 
 ^ONTENT will never dwell but in a meek and quiet 
 \^ soul. And this may appear if we read and consider 
 what our Saviour says in Matthew's Gospel : '' Blessed 
 be the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. Blessed 
 be the pure in heart, for they shall see God. Blessed be the 
 poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven, and blessed 
 be the meek, for they shall possess the earth." 
 
 But what pleasure it is to the devout Christian to see there 
 the humble house in which Paul was content to dwell, and 
 to view the many rich statues that are made in honor of his 
 memory ; nay, to see the very place in which Peter and he 
 lie buried together. These are in or near Rome. And how 
 much more does it please the pious curiosity of a Christian 
 to see the place in which the blessed Saviour of the world 
 was pleased to humble Himself, and to take our nature upon 
 Him. 
 
 In the name of God, amen. I, Izaak Walton, the elder^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 483 
 
 of Winchester, being this present day in the ninetieth year 
 of my age, and in perfect memory, for which praised be 
 God ; but considering how suddenly I may be deprived of 
 both, do therefore make my last will and testament as fol- 
 lows : First, I do declare my belief to be that there is only 
 one God, who hath made the whole world, and me, and all 
 mankind ; to whom I shall give an account of all my actions, 
 which are not to be justified, but I hope to be pardoned 
 through the merits of my Saviour, Jesus. — Extracts from 
 ''^The Complete Angler ^^^ by Izaak Walton. 
 
 REUBEN HYDE WALWORTH, 
 
 Lawyer, and the Last of the Chancellors of New-York. 
 ( 1788-1867.) 
 
 ^O those who have carefully observed or considered 
 the progress of civil and religious freedom, at differ- 
 ent times and in various countries, it can hardly be 
 necessary to say, it has always been the most rapid, 
 as well as the most healthy, where the Bible was most widely 
 disseminated ; and where the sacred truths contained therein 
 were brought home to the greatest number of people. In- 
 deed, there is no nation, though nominally civilized and 
 Christianized, which has made any great advancement in the 
 amelioration and improvement of the social condition of the 
 masses except those where the Sacred Scriptures were in 
 the hands of, and studied by, the people generally. . . . 
 The statesman, the scholar, and even the politician, as well 
 as the philanthropist and the Christian, by a careful and dili- 
 gent study of the Scriptures will find himself a much wiser, 
 if not a much better man, and will also be able to discharge 
 his social and political duties ; or to pursue the rugged paths 
 of science with more credit to himself and more benefit to 
 his country and his kind than if he had confined his investi- 
 gations to mere worldly wisdom. . . . And we can not 
 be sufficiently thankful to Him for having revealed Hir 
 
484 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 existence to us, and disclosed to us something of His attri- 
 butes ; especially that attribute of mercy which sent our 
 Divine Redeemer upon His mission of love to the apostate 
 race of man. — From a Letter to the American Bible Society y 
 dated Saratoga Springs^ December 17, 1853. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON, 
 
 First President of the United States. ( 1732-1799.) 
 
 .ND now, Almighty 
 Father, if it is Thy 
 holy will that we 
 shall obtain a place 
 and name among the na- 
 tions of the earth, grant 
 that we may be enabled to 
 show our gratitude for Thy 
 goodness by our endeavors- 
 to fear and obey Thee, 
 Bless us with Thy wisdom 
 in our counsels, success in 
 battle, and let all our victo- 
 ries be temperedwith 
 humanity. Endow, also, our enemies with enlightened 
 minds, that they become sensible of their injustice, and 
 wilhng to restore our liberty and peace. Grant the petition 
 of Thy servant, for the sake of Him whom Thou hast called 
 Thy beloved Son; nevertheless, not my will, but Thine be 
 done. — ''^ Mc Quire^ s Religious Opinions and Character of 
 Washington!'^ 
 
 A small memorandum book, written by George Washing- 
 ton, and containing only his prayers for Sunday, Monday, 
 Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday mornings, and for Sun- 
 day, Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday evenings, under the 
 general head of "The Daily Sacrifice," is the private prop- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 4^5 
 
 ^rty of William Bvarts Benjamin, of New York. The man- 
 uscript is very neatly and legibly written. The following 
 pages show an exact facsimile copy of the first of these pray- 
 ers : 
 
 if^o^^cu. td Z^^^ ^^d^ t^ity^st^4 
 
486 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Zff t^AJUU, 2J-^ J^a-y^ /KiT^ f>-^pa/>-9 
 a/hi C<r>9^^ t^^U^HX. A/ZtSUr^ 'Th^ 4o-c^tr 
 
\ 
 
 A C^OTjT) OF WITNESSES. 467 
 
 ^a^4f i/K/ o^ ^>yy^ <f^^t^ 't^Xrf ^^ i'^^ 
 La/yrJ//J, >^</^<?>6<?^, J^>^C,«^^^, ^»^ 
 
 ^^ #^ a^ ^^^^/^^ 
 
 WASHINGTON IN PRAYER AT VAI.LEY FORGE.* 
 
 One day a Quaker was strolling along in a secluded spot 
 "when he heard the solemn voice of some one engaged in 
 prayer. Stealing quietly forward, he saw Washington's horse 
 tied to a sappling, and a little farther on, in a thicket, the 
 chief himself, on his knees, beseeching Heaven for his coun- 
 try and his army. Before God alone that strong heart gave 
 way and poured forth the full tide of its grief and anxieties. 
 How sublimely does he appear, and how good and holy the 
 cause he was engaged in seems as he thus carried it to the 
 throne of a just God for His sanction. The man who had 
 witnessed this spectacle hurried home, and in opening the 
 door of his house burst into tears. His wife, amazed, inquired 
 what was the matter with him. He told her what he had 
 seen, and added, "If there is any one on this earth whom the 
 
48^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Lord will listen to, it is George Washington, and I feel a 
 presentment that under such a commander there can be no 
 doubt of our eventually establishing our independence, and 
 that God in His providence has willed it so." — Pages 307 
 and 308, ' ' The Illustrated Life of Washington^ " by J, T. 
 Headley. 
 
 * See Engraving, Washington in Prayer at Valley Forge. 
 
 JOHN BRISBEN WALKER, 
 
 Editor of The Cosmopolitan. 
 
 ENVY you young men who are pursuing the studies 
 to fit you for the higher duties of the ministry. You 
 will enter the noblest work that can be assigned to 
 man. There is a world for you to conquer! There 
 is a people crying to you for help, and if you will go down 
 among them with loving hearts — the great multitude for 
 whom Christ died — there will be such a response as the Chris- 
 tian world has not seen. Once more the miracle of tongues 
 will be performed, and you will speak all languages that are 
 understood by the human heart. 
 
 There is no escaping of our Saviour upon the matter of 
 wealth and poverty. Strange to say, to the casual reader of 
 the Divine Scriptures, it seems the one subject upon which 
 His words always ring with a terrible directness against the 
 trespasser. The repentant thief — the outcast who turned in 
 his misery upon the cross — had only to look to be forgiven. 
 The sudden anger of Peter and his unhappy denials of his 
 Lord were made light of. Magdalen had but to fall at His 
 feet to hear His pardon pronounced. But these rich, how 
 relentlessly does He always speak to them! — ^^ The Church 
 and Poverty^ ' ' by John Brisben Walker. 
 
 George Peabody, Philanthropist (1795-1869): To a lad 
 who came into his London office with a New Testament, he 
 said: "My boy, you carry that good Book easily in your 
 youth, but when you are old as I am, it must carry you. 
 
 n 
 
HEROES OF THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR. 
 
 George Dewey, Winfield S. Schley, 
 
 Page 12 2. Page 412. 
 
 John W. Philip, 
 
 Following Page 266. 
 
 Theodore Roosevelt, 
 
 Page }8i. 
 
THE UNITED STATES A CHRISTIAN NATION. 
 
 Administering the Oath of Office to Presidents McKinley, Cleveland, 
 
 Washington and Arthur. A National Recognition of 
 
 the Bible on Inauguration Days. 
 
 IT is the duty of nations, as well as men, to own their dependence 
 upon the over-ruling power of God . . . and to recognize 
 the Holy Scriptures, and proven by all history, that those nations 
 only are blessed whose God is the Lord. — Abraham Lincoln^ p(^g^ 453- 
 
A CLOUD OI^ WITNESSES. 489 
 
 CHARLES DUDLEY WARNER, 
 
 Author and Journalist. 
 
 >HE noblest ideal of life is incarnated in the person of 
 Jesus Christ. This is not a matter of dogma or o^ 
 speculation ; it is fact. Men are good just in pro-- 
 portion as they conform to Him. A leader of men is^ 
 a bad leader without Him. His spirit and example are the 
 test of civilization, and there is no hope for society except in 
 the ideal of life that He gave the world. .Nations do not by 
 any means live up to this standard, but Christianity, in its 
 practical results, challenges comparison with all other faiths. 
 It is perfectly evident that the nations on the highest plane 
 in education, in morality, in all the prosperities of life, are 
 Christian. The argument for Christ's unapproachable pre- 
 eminence as a Teacher and Saviour of the world can safely 
 rest there. And the Bible is the only infallible guide ia 
 morals and in spiritual life. 
 
 HENRY WATTERSON, 
 
 Editor of the Courier-Journal, Louisville. 
 
 E are met this day to honor the memory of Chris* 
 topher Columbus, to celebrate the four hundretb. 
 annual return of his transcendent achievement^ 
 and with fitting rights to dedicate to America- 
 and the universe a concrete exposition of the world's prog- 
 ress between 1492 and 1892. No twenty centuries can be 
 compared with those four centuries either in importance or in 
 interest, as no previous ceremonial can be compared with 
 this in its wide significance and reach ; because since the 
 advent of the Son of God no event has had so great an in- 
 fluence upon human affairs as the discovery of the Western 
 hemisphere. . . . God bless the children and their 
 mothers! God bless our country's flag! and God be with, 
 us now and ever ; God in the roof-tree's shade, God on the 
 highway, God in the winds and waves, and God in out 
 hearts. — From his Dedicatory Oration at the World^s Column 
 biaji Exposition^ Chicago^ October 21, 1892. 
 
490 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THOMAS WARTON, 
 
 (7\ British Poet-Laureate. (1728-1790.) 
 
 oJAIh, Calvary, thou mountain hoar, 
 [gl Wet with our Redeemer's gore ! 
 [y)/^ Ye trampled tombs, ye fanes forlorn, 
 
 Ye stones, by tears of pilgrims worn ! 
 
 And thou, the sepulchre of God ! 
 
 By mocking pagans rudely trod. 
 
 Soon we kissed the sacred earth 
 That gave a murdered Saviour birth ! 
 
 SILAS WRIGHT, 
 
 Brigadier-General of State Militia ; Congressman ; United States Senator 
 
 1833-1844; Governor of New York, 1844 till death. 
 
 (1795-1O47.) 
 
 ^HE gift of our Saviour, and the full light of Divine 
 Revelation, are spiritual blessings which should 
 awaken to expressions of devout thankfulness the 
 hearts and voices of a Christian people everywhere. — 
 ^''Testimonies of American Statesmen and Jurists to the 
 Truths of Christianity^''^ by Henry Wilson^ United States 
 Senator, {Afterwards Vice-President.) 
 
 NoTK. — The personal testimony of Senator Wilson is on page 509. 
 
 ALEXANDER STEWART WEBB, 
 
 Major-General, and President of the College of the City of New 
 
 fYork. 
 Y personal opinion of Christ, the Saviour, and of the 
 inspired Book, is the result of my experience, and is 
 in perfect accord with the teachings of the Church 
 ^ of which I am a member. 
 I can not imagine a condition of affairs in the United 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 49r 
 
 States which would call forth any expression of this opinion 
 unless some permanent party should attempt to drive the 
 Bible from our Public Schools. 
 
 DANIEL WEBSTER, 
 
 Lawyer, Orator, and Statesman. (1782-1852.) 
 
 .HE Bible is the Book 
 
 of faith, and a Book 
 
 of doctrine, and a 
 
 Book of morals, and 
 a Book of religion, of spec- 
 ial revelation from God ; 
 but it is also a Book which 
 teaches man his own indi- 
 vidual responsibility, his 
 own dignity, and his equality 
 with his fellow man. — From 
 his Bunker Hill Monmnent 
 Speech^ Charlestown^ Mass.^ 
 June 17, 1843. 
 
 On one occasion, when seated in the drawing-room, Mr- 
 Webster laid his hand on a copy of the Scriptures, saying: 
 with great emphasis, " This is the Book. I have read 
 through the entire Bible many times. I now make it a 
 practice to go through it once a year. It is the Book of all 
 others for lawyers as well as divines ; and I pity the man. 
 that can not find in it a rich supply of thought, and of rules 
 for his conduct. It fits man for life — it prepares him for 
 death. My brother knew the importance of Bible truths^ 
 The Bible led him to prayer, and prayer was his communion 
 with God. On the day he died he was engaged in an ini^ 
 portant cause in the courts then in session. But this cause. 
 
492 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 important as it was, did not keep him from his duty to God. 
 He found time for prayer; for on his desk which he had just 
 left was found a prayer written by him on that day, 
 which for fervent piety, a devotedness to his heavenly Mas- 
 ter, and for expressions of humility I think was never ex- 
 celled." 
 
 The Gospel is either true history, or it is a consummate 
 fraud ; it is either a reality or an imposition. Christ was 
 what He professed to be, or He was an imposter. There is 
 no other alternative. His spotless life in His eafnest enforce- 
 ment of the truth — His suffering in its defense, forbid us to 
 suppose that He was suffering an illusion of a heated brain. 
 Every act of His pure and holy life shows that He was the 
 author of truth, the advocate of truth, the earnest defender 
 of truth, and the uncompromising sufferer for truth. Now, 
 considering the purity of His doctrines, the simplicity of His 
 life, and the sublimity of His death, is it possible that he 
 would have died for an illusion ? In all His preaching the 
 Saviour made no popular appeals ; His discourses were always 
 directed to the individual. Christ and His apostles sought to 
 impress upon every man the conviction that he must stand 
 or fall alone — he must live for himself, and die for himself, 
 and give up his account to the omniscient God as though he 
 were the only dependent creature in the universe. The 
 Gospel leaves the individual sinner alone with himself and 
 his God. To his own Master he stands or falls. He has 
 nothing to hope from the aid and sympathy of associates. 
 The deluded advocates of new doctrines do not so preach. 
 Christ and His apostles, had they been deceivers, would not 
 so have preached. If clergymen in our days would return 
 to the simplicity of the Gospel, and preach more to indi- 
 viduals and less to the crowd, there would npt be so much 
 complaint of the decline of trivj reliL;ion. Many of the min- 
 isters of the present day lake tiieir text from St. Paul, and 
 preach from the newspapers JIl. they do so, I prefer to 
 ■enjoy my own thoughts rati.i' tiian to listen. I want my 
 Pastor to come to me in the spirit of the Gospel, saying: 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 493 
 
 '^^You are mortal! Your probation is brief; your work must 
 be done speedily ; you are immortal, too. You are hastening 
 to the bar of God [ the Judge standeth at the door." When 
 I am thus admonished, I have no disposition to muse or to 
 sleep. — Pages 104, 106, andio'j ^^ Private Life of Daniel Web- 
 ster " by Charles Lanmait. 
 
 Two weeks before death, Mr. Webster dictated this testi 
 mony of religious faith, and desired it to be engraved as an 
 epitaph upon his tomb: 
 
 " LORD, I BELIEVE ; HELP THOU MINE UNBELIEF." 
 
 Philosophical 
 argument, especially 
 that drawn from the vastness of the 
 Universe in comparison with the appar- 
 ent insignificance of this globe, has sometimes 
 shaken my reason for the faith which is in me ; 
 but my heart has always assured and reassured me that 
 the Gospel of Jesus Christ must be a Divine Re- 
 ality. The Sermon on the Mount can not be a 
 merely human production. This belief 
 enters into the very depths of my 
 conscience. The whole history 
 of man proves it. 
 
 DANIEL WEBSTER. 
 
 Having executea his will, he remarked, " I thank God for 
 strength to perform a sensible act." After some minutes 
 spent in prayer he concluded by exclaiming, "And now 
 unto God, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, be praise 
 for evermore. Peace on earth, and good will toward men. 
 That is happiness — the essence — good will toward men." — 
 Samuel M. Smucker^ Chapter XII ^ in^^Life^ Speeches^ and 
 Memorials of Daniel Webster ^ 
 
 A few hours before Mr. Webster died, he said slowly, "The 
 great mystery is Jesus Christ — the Gospel. What would the 
 condition of any of us be if we had not the hope of immor- 
 tality ? . . . Thank God, the Gospel of Jesus Christ 
 brought life and immortality to light^ rescued it — brought it 
 to light?'' He then began to repeat the Lord's Prayer, say- 
 
494 ^ CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ing earnestly, ''Hold me up; I do not wish to pray with a 
 fainting voice. " . . . "I still live " were his last coher- 
 ent words. — Page 228, " Famous American Statesmen ^''^ by 
 Mrs. Sarah K. Bolton. 
 
 HARRISON EDWIN WEBSTER, 
 
 President of Union College. 
 
 THINK that the Bible is the revealed Word of God, 
 and that Christ is the Way, the Truth, and the lyife; 
 no man cometh to the Father but by Him. The Scrip- 
 tures contain "those things which are able to make us 
 wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. '^ 
 
 ^/^.M>2:^'. 
 
 NOAH WEBSTER, 
 
 Lexicographer. (1758-1843.) 
 
 NDER a sense of this responsibility he took up the 
 study of the Bible with painful solicitude. As he 
 advanced, the objections which he had formerly 
 entertained against the humbling doctrines of the 
 Gospel were wholly removed. He felt their truth in his own 
 experience. He felt that salvation must be wholly of grace. 
 He felt constrained, as he afterwards told a friend, to cast 
 himself down before God, confess his sins, implore pardon 
 through the merits of the Redeemer, and there to make his 
 vows of entire obedience to the commands and devotion to 
 the service of his Maker. With his characteristic prompti- 
 tude he instantly made known to his family the feelings 
 which he entertained. He called them together the next 
 morning, and told them with deep emotion, that, while he 
 had aimed at the faithful discharge of all his duties as theii 
 parent and head, he had neglected one of the most impor- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 495 
 
 -tant — that of family prayer. After reading the Scriptures, 
 lie led them, with deep solemnity, to the throne of grace, 
 and from that time continued the practice with the liveliest 
 of interest to the period of his death. He made a public 
 profession of religion in April, 1808. ... At his death 
 he expressed his entire resignation to the will of God, and 
 his unshaken trust in the atoning blood of the Saviour. . . 
 *'I know whom I have believed, and that He is able to keep 
 that which I have committed to Him against that day" — 
 such was the solemn and affecting testimony which he gave 
 to his friend while the hand of death was upon him. — See 
 Memoir of Noah Webster^'''' Webster^ s Unabridged Dicti07taryy 
 
 THURLOW WEED, 
 
 Journalist. (1797-1882.) 
 
 O act of the Saviour's life and no word He ever 
 uttered has been, or can be, construed or tortured 
 into hostility to the welfare and happiness of every 
 member of the human family. Human laws are 
 founded upon Divine laws. And that which concerns our 
 happiness here and our hopes hereafter is derived from 
 the Scriptures. 
 
 If it be urged that the promises of our Saviour have not 
 all been realized, that sin still abounds, and that the world 
 is as bad as ever, it may be answered that religion is work- 
 ing out its mission ; that its benign influences are constantly 
 extending, and that the light is irradiating the darkest re- 
 cesses of heathenism and idolatry. It requires no argument 
 to demonstrate the fact that our race is improved by civiliza- 
 tion, or that civilization owes its origin and progress to re- 
 ligion. 
 
 Another argument against religion is that our Saviour was 
 an impostor, and, as a corollary, that His teachings exert a 
 baneful influence. And yet both of the accusations are dis- 
 proved by the experience of two thousand years. If Jesus 
 
496 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 of Nazareth had been an impostor, His name and everything 
 connected with it would hardly have survived a second gen- 
 eration. Other and false teachers have appeared and dis- 
 appeared. But time and truth have attested the Divinity of 
 our Saviour. His apostles and their successors, obeying His 
 instructions, have carried and are carrying the glad tidings 
 to the uttermost ends of the earth. As far and as fast as this 
 Gospel travels, the world is civilized and its inhabitants ben- 
 efited. — Extract from a speech before the Nineteenth Century 
 Club; pages 506 and 507, ^''Kingsof the Platform and Pulpit!'^ 
 
 SIR THOMAS WENTWORTH, 
 
 (EARL OF STRAFFORD,) 
 
 English Statesman. (1593-1641.) 
 
 AM here by the good will and pleasiire of Almighty 
 God to pay that last debt I owe to sin, which is death ; 
 and by the blessing of God to rise again, through the 
 merits of Jesus Christ, to righteousness and eternal 
 life. ... I never had in my heart to doubt of this relig- 
 ion; nor even had any man the boldness to suggest any such 
 thing to me, to the best of my remembrance ; and so being 
 reconciled by the merits of Jesus Christ, ray Saviour, into 
 whose bosom I hope shortly to be gathered to those eternal 
 happinesses which shall have no end. — Pages 46 and 48, 
 Volume Illy ^''British Plutarch^ 
 
 JAMES CLARKE WELLING, 
 
 President of the Columbian University (1825-1894.) 
 
 .HE history of the world is Christocentric. In all the 
 ages of human history before Christ, the testiniony 
 of Jesus was the spirit of prophecy, and in all the 
 ages of human history since the advent of Christ, He 
 has befen fulfilling more and more the sublime words, ''And 
 
THE BOYHOOD OF CHRIST. 
 
 WE inquire if He had a boyhood, except as the years of that stage of life can be 
 so called. There are incidents in which as a child He is made to appear in 
 the Scriptures : when the shepherds came to worship Him ; the visit of the Magi ; 
 the flight into Egypt ; the presentation at the Temple ; when He was found of the 
 doctors . . . Amongst the gifts of the Magi there was gold, enough to support 
 the family while in Egypt, and afterwards in. Nazareth ; exactly the condition to 
 allow our Saviour time to taste something of the natural boyish freedom . 
 Joseph and Mary held the secret of our Lord's origin. 1 believe the story came first 
 from her ; she knew Him best ; she loved Him best. The hour was auspicious ; 
 His head lay on her breast ; from that pure soft pillow He looked up into her eyes ; 
 then she remembered He was. the Messiah, and from that moment He was lost to all 
 claims of boyhood . . . Scholars were not admitted at school before the age of 
 six, and all instructions were limited to the Law. Our Lord was taught, 1 think, by 
 His mother. The torab was spread at her knee ; He is quick to apprehend 
 We see in Him the promise of the Saviour of men in the comeliness of budding youth, 
 His sad destiny yet far in the future. — Extracts from " The Hoy hood of Chrht," by 
 Lw tValljcc. 
 
JESUS AND HIS MOTHER. 
 
 HE saith unto His mother, Woman, behold thy Son! Then saith He to the 
 disciple. Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto 
 his own home. — John xix, 26-27. 
 
 Even He that died for us upon the Cross, in the last hour, in the unutterable 
 agony of death, was mindful of His mother, as if to teach us that this holy love 
 should be our last worldly thought. — Longfellow. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 497 
 
 I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw ill men unto 
 me." Already He has drawn the whole civilized world to 
 the standard of the moral law proclaimed in the Sermon on 
 the Mount ; for the civilized nations of the earth are to-day 
 Christian in their moral standards, however far they may 
 fall below those standards in international practice. 
 
 GILBERT WEST, 
 
 English Author. (1705-1756.) 
 
 CAN not forbear taking notice of one other mark of 
 integrity which appears in all the compositions of the 
 sacred writers, and particularly the evangelists. 
 . They speak of an angel descending from heaven to 
 foretell the miraculous conception of Jesus ; of another proc- 
 lamation of His birth, attended by a multitude of the heav- 
 enly host praising God ; of His star appearing in the East; 
 of angels ministering to Him in the wilderness ; of His glory 
 in the mount ; of a voice twice heard from heaven, saying, 
 "This is my beloved Son"; of innumerable miracles per- 
 formed by Him, and by His disciples in His name ; of His 
 knowing the thoughts of men; of His foretelling future 
 events ; of prodigies accompanying His crucifixion and death ; 
 of an angel descending in terrors, opening His sepulchre, and 
 frightening away the soldiers who were set to guard it ; of 
 His rising from the dead, ascending into heaven, and pouring 
 down, according to His promise, the miraculous gifts of the 
 Holy Spirit upon His apostles and disciples. All these amaz- 
 ing incidents do these inspired historians relate nakedly and 
 plainly without any of the colorings and heightenings of 
 rhetoric, or so much as a single note of admiration ; without 
 making any comment or remark upon them, or drawing from 
 them any conclusion in honor either of their Master or them- 
 selves, or to the advantage of the religion they preached in 
 
498 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 His name ; but contenting themselves with relating the 
 naked truth, whether it seems to make for them or against 
 them ; without either magnifying on the one hand, or pal- 
 liating on the other, they leave their cause to the unbiassed 
 judgment of mankind, seeking, like genuine apostles of the 
 Lord of truth, to convince rather than to persuade. — ^'■Obser- 
 vatio7is on the History and Evidence of the Resurrection of 
 Jesus Christ^'' by Gilbert West. 
 
 BENJAMIN IDE WHEELER, 
 
 President oi the University ol California. 
 
 HE Christ is to me the personal embodiment of 
 the spirit of good among men. He is in vital form 
 the Revelation of God. The Word became flesh, and 
 not book. " Ye search the Scriptures .... but 
 ye will not come unto Me that ye might have life." I know 
 the Christ, not only as the historical Jesus of Nazareth, but 
 as He lives in men to-day. I know through the Christ, and 
 the Christ in men, the one supreme truth of religion, that 
 God is a Father who freely and perfectly loves. 
 
 However it is compassed, the Bible must be read more, and 
 studied more, and taken more deeply into the life of every 
 Christian. We can not do without it. It is the very heart 
 of our faith. It contains the germ of the whole of our re- 
 ligion. It is the charter of our religious liberties in the 
 deepest sense of liberty. He who reads and knows it, can 
 never be made a slave to traditions, or hierarchies, or creeds. 
 It is the perpetual inspiration to the faith of the Church. 
 The victims of unbelief are not the Bible readers. We have 
 known Christian metaphysics to inspire doubt, but never the 
 Christian life. Cast as it is in the life-form, it reapplies it- 
 self continually to the changing horizons of thought and 
 society, and it can not become antiquated nor obsolete any 
 more than a deed of heroism or a mother's love. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 499 
 
 JOSEPH WHEELER, 
 
 Member of Congress, and Senior Confederate Cavalry 
 General. 
 
 ^N response to your letter asking my opinion of ^'Christ 
 and the Bible," I would say that I think the life and 
 death of Jesus Christ are the embodiment of the prin- 
 ciples of the true religion; and that the practice of 
 His teachings in the Gospels, and especially in the Sermon 
 on the Mount, will lead to a realization of the ends for which 
 the religion of our Saviour was instituted. 
 
 (jJ^^Xt^. 
 
 WILLIAM ALMON WHEELER, 
 
 Financier, Congressman, and Vice-President of the United States. 
 ( 1819-1887.) 
 
 NOW look on that kind of work — leading men to the 
 Saviour — as the greatest that can be done on earth. 
 I would not give up my trust in God — not for this 
 'whole world. I believe man a sinner ; therefore the 
 vital necessity of repentance ; the atonement on Calvary ; the 
 provision ; and Christ, the only Saviour. — From the Memorial 
 Address delivered at the place of his birth and death^ Malone^ 
 New York. 
 
 EDWIN PERCY WHIPPLE, 
 
 Author, Essayist, and Critic. (1819-1886.) 
 
 ^HE true glory of a nation is an intelligent, industri- 
 ous, Christian people. . . . The safety of a na- 
 tion depends not on the wisdom of its statesmen or 
 the bravery of its generals. The tongue of eloquence 
 never saved a nation tottering to its fall ; the sword of a war- 
 
5CXD A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Tior never stayed its destruction. There is a surer defense in 
 every Christian home. I say Christian home, for I know of 
 no glory to manhood which comes not from the Cross. I 
 know of no rights wrung from tyranny ; no truth rescued 
 from darkness and bigotry, which has not waited on a Chris- 
 tian civilization. Would you see the image of true glory, I 
 would show you villages where the crown and glory of the 
 people are in Christian character; where the children sire 
 gathered in Christian schools; where the voice of prayer 
 goes heavenward ; where the people have that most precious 
 gift: faith in God. — Page 248 of School- Reader^ by Albert 
 E. Humke^ Teacher of Reading and Orthoepy^ Indiana State 
 Normal School. 
 
 HENRY KIRKE WHITE, 
 
 English Poet. (1785-1806.) 
 
 .HINK what strains of joy and tranquillity fall on the 
 ear of the saint who is just swooning into the arms 
 of his Redeemer ; what fearful shapes and dreadful 
 images of a disturbed conscience surround the sin- 
 ner's bed when the last twig which he grasps fails him, and 
 the gulf yawns to receive him. O, my soul, if thou art 
 yet ignorant of the enormity of sin, turn thine eyes to the 
 Man who is bleeding on the Cross ! See how the blood from 
 His pierced hands trickles down His arms, and the more 
 copious streams from His feet run on the accursed tree and 
 stain the grass with purple ! Behold His features ! Though 
 scarcely animated with a few remaining sparks of life, yet 
 how full of love, pity, and tranquillity! A tear is falling 
 down his cheek, and His lip quivers. He is praying for 
 His murderers! O, my soul ! it is thy Redeemer! It is thy 
 God ! And this, too, for sin^ for sin ! — See ^^Life of Henry 
 Kirke White ^^ in ''^Poetical Works of Rogers^ Campbell^ 
 Montgomery^ Lamb^ and K'rkc White ^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 50I 
 
 JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER, 
 
 Poet. (1807-1892.) 
 
 ^l' 
 
 X^^ THE WORD OF GOD. 
 
 OICE of the Holy Spirit, making known 
 Man to himself, a witness swift and sure, 
 ^ >b Warning, approving, true and wise and pure, 
 Counsel and guidance that misleadeth none ! 
 By Thee the mystery of Life is read ; 
 The picture writing of the world's gray seers, 
 The myths and parables of the primal years, 
 Whose letter kills, by thee interpreted 
 Take healthful meanings fitted to our needs, 
 And in the soul's vernacular express 
 The common law of simple righteousness. 
 Hatred of cant and doubt of human creeds 
 May well be felt the unpardonable sin 
 Is to deny the Word of God within ! 
 
 OUR MASTER. 
 
 We may not climb the heavenly steeps 
 To bring the Lord Christ down ; 
 
 In vain we search the lowest deeps, 
 For Him no depths can drown. 
 
502 A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 O Lord and Master of us all ! 
 
 Whate'er our name or sign, 
 We own Thy sway, we hear Thy call, 
 
 We test our lives by Thine. 
 
 Deep strike Thy roots, O heavenly Vine, 
 
 Within our earthly sod, 
 Most human and yet most Divine, 
 
 The flower of Man and God ! 
 
 I believe in the Scriptures because they repeat the warn- 
 ings and promises of the indwelling Light and Truth ; I find 
 in them the eternal precepts of the Divine Spirit declared 
 and repeated. They testify of Christ within. . . . My 
 ground of hope for myself and for humanity is in that Di- 
 vine fullness which was manifested in the life, teachings, 
 and self-sacrifice of Christ. In the infinite mercy of God so 
 revealed, and not in any work or merit of my own nature, I 
 humbly, yet very hopefully, trust. — Pages 264, 265, ^^ Life 
 and Letters of John Greenleaf W hit tier ^^^ by Samuel T, 
 Pickard. 
 
 WILLIAM WILBERFORCE, 
 
 English Statesman and Philanthropist. (1759-1833.) 
 
 AM this week entering on a scene of great tempta- 
 tions — a perpetual round of dissipation, and a house 
 overflowing with guests ; it is the more necessary for 
 me to live by faith in the Son of God. Do Thou, then, 
 blessed Saviour and Friend of sinners, hear and have mercy 
 upon me. Let Thy strength be magnified in my weakness. 
 Help me, O Jesus, and by Thy spirit cleanse me from my 
 pollutions ; give me a deeper abhorrence of sin ; let me press 
 forward. A thousand gracious assurances stand forth in 
 Christ's Gospel. I humbly pray to be enabled to attend 
 more to my secret devotions, to pray over Scripture ; to in- 
 
 IvORD MUNCASTER, Fourth Baron, endorsed William Wilberforce's "Practical View 
 of Christianity " in these words : " I heartily thank you for your book. As a friend, I 
 thank you for it; as a man, I doubly thank you ; but, as a member of the Christian 
 world, I render you all gratitude and acknowledgment."—" Memoir of William. IVilbeV' 
 Jbrce,'' published by Scott, IVebster and Geary, London. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 5O.7 
 
 terlace God's thoughts of Christ ; to be less volatile, more 
 humble, and more bold for Christ. 
 
 What a blessing it is to be permitted to retire from the 
 bustle of this world, and to be furnished with so many helps 
 for realizing unseen things ? I seem to myself to-day to be 
 in some degree under the power of real Christianity; con- 
 scious, deeply conscious of corruption and unprofitableness ; 
 yet to such an one, repenting and confessing his sins, and 
 looking to the cross of Christ, pardon and reconciliation are 
 held forth, and enable me to conquer His spiritual enemies. 
 Be not thou cast down, O my soul, but ask for grace from 
 the fullness which is in Christ Jesus. — ^^ Life of William WiU 
 berforce^^ by his sons^ Robert and Samuel Wilberforce, 
 
 JOHN WILSON, 
 
 Member of Parliament from Durham. 
 
 HIS gentleman, one of the workingmen members of 
 Parliament, recently occupied the pulpit of a wealthy 
 church at Hamstead, a suburb of London. He spoke 
 of '' Financial Progress: Its Helps and Hindrances.'^ 
 He started life as a miner, without any schooling, gathering- 
 up his education as best he could. This part of his address 
 is taken from the Christian World: " God has no partial- 
 ities ; there are no favorites in His family. . . . There 
 is no power in this country more effective than Christian 
 teaching. I know you have seen it badly presented. You 
 have heard mere wrangling over dogma, and not true re- 
 ligion. But that is not God's fault. Here [putting his hand 
 on the Bible] are its principles — justice, truth, honesty, self- 
 sacrifice, love. Would these not help the world, think you? 
 If all men did justly, if all men acted honestly, if all men 
 were merciful in their relations, if all men would take upon 
 themselves the self-sacrifice of the good Samaritan, if all 
 men had the love of Christ for his fellows, the black luins 
 of wickedness and woe would soon be ended, and such a life 
 be possible as becomes this nation." 
 
504 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM L, 
 
 (WILHELM FRIEDRICH LUDWIG,) 
 
 King of Prussia, and Emperor of Germany, (1797- 1888.) 
 
 vHB foundation and rock to which I, and we all, must 
 cling is the undefiled faith, as it is taught us in the 
 Bible. Do not join the crowd which either neglects 
 entirely the Holy Scriptures as the whole source of 
 truth, or at best misinterprets it to suit its own ideas. If 
 there is anything that can give security in the present world 
 of action, it is this only foundation, which is laid in Christ 
 Jesus. May this day be a blessed one to all of you, that it 
 
A CIvOUD OF WITNESSES. 505 
 
 may increase you in the knowledge of God, and on His only 
 begotten Son, Jesus Christ. — From an address to the pupils 
 jof a religious institution^ at Berlin^ in 1886. 
 
 As a Christian monarch, even when, to my sorrow, I have 
 to fulfill this royal duty against the servants of a church 
 which I suppose acknowledge, no less than the Evangelical 
 Church, that the commandments of obedience to secular 
 authority is an emanation of the revealed will of God. There 
 is one more expression in your letter which I can not pass 
 over without contradiction, viz.: the expression that every 
 one who has received baptism belongs to the Pope. The 
 Evangelical creed, which, as must be known to your Holi- 
 ness, does not permit us to accept in our relation to God any 
 other mediation than our Lord Jesus Christ." — To Pope Pius 
 IX.; see ''''Life of William /., of Germany^'' by Archibald 
 Forbes. 
 
 WILLIAM THE SILENT, 
 
 Prince of Orange ; Founder of the Dutch Republic. 
 (1533-1584.) 
 
 MY God, have mercy upon my soul ! O my God, 
 have mercy apon this poor people ! I commit my 
 9j^ soul to Christ. 
 
 It has pleased God Almighty to dispose of Haar- 
 lem according to His Divine will. Shall we, therefore, deny 
 and deride His Holy Word? Has the strong arm of the 
 Lord thereby grown weaker ? You ask me if I have entered 
 into a firm treaty with any great king or potentate, to which 
 I answer, that before I took up the cause of the oppressed 
 Christians in these provinces I had entered into a close alli- 
 ance with the King of kings; and I am firmly convinced 
 that all who put their trust in Him shall be saved by His 
 almighty arm. — Volume IXy ^^ Short Biographies for the 
 People:' 
 
5o6 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM IL, 
 
 Present King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany. 
 
 ^HE future will need your strength to foster the sta- 
 bility of national thought and ideals which the Ger- 
 man race, by God's grace, has been permitted to 
 bring forth from Boniface to Goethe and Schiller. 
 May you all strive to be such men! But who will help you? 
 Only ONE, our Saviour, Who has borne our sins and washed 
 them away. Then you will be armed against all tempta- 
 tions, vanity and envy. Then you can say: " Wir Deutschen 
 furchten Gott sonnst nichts auf dieser Welt.^^ (We, Germans, 
 fear God, but nothing else in the world.) — To the Students^ 
 University of BoJtn^ April 24, 1901/ the day Crown Prince 
 Frederick William matriculated, 
 
 Jerusalem, the lofty city, wakens the recollection of the 
 mighty deed of salvation by our Lord and Saviour . . . 
 The world-renewing power of the Gospel, which went out 
 from here, impels us, through a faithful following of the 
 only Redeemer, to exercise Christian compassion to the weak 
 and sick ; looking to Him in full faith who died on the Cross, 
 it promises us that if we hold firmly to the Divine teaching 
 of the Gospel, the gates of hell shall not prevail against the 
 Church. . . . What the German people have become, 
 they have become under the banner of Calvary's Cross. — 
 Khtg William'' s Address in Jerusalem^ 1899, at the Dedica- 
 tion of the Church of the Redeemer. 
 
 SIR M. MONIER. WILLIAMS, 
 
 Boden Professor of Sanscrit in the University of Oxford. 
 (1819-1899.) 
 
 ^HERE is Only one Name given among men whereby 
 we may be saved. No other Name, no other Saviour, 
 more suited to India, to Persia, to China, to Arabia I 
 . . . The non-Christian bibles are all developments 
 in the wrong direction. They all begin with some flashes of 
 true light and end in utter darkness. Pile them, if you will, 
 on the left side of your study table, but place your own Holy 
 Bible on the right side — all by itself, all alone — and with a. 
 
A CI^OUD OF WITNESSES. 507 
 
 wide gap between. . . . Dare to be downright, with all 
 the uncompromising courage of your own Bible, while with 
 it your watchwords are love, joy, peace, reconciliation. Be 
 fair, be charitable, be Christ-like, but let there be no mistake. 
 I^et it be made absolutely clear that Christianity can not, 
 must not, be watered down to suit the palate of either Hindu, 
 Parsee, Confucianist, Buddhist, or Mohammedan, and that 
 whosoever wishes to pass from the false religion to the true 
 can never hope to do so by the rickety planks of compromise, 
 or by help of faltering hands held out by half-hearted Chris- 
 tians. He must leap the gulf in faith, and the living Christ 
 will spread His everlasting arms beneath, and land him 
 safely on the Eternal Rock. — Address at the Anniversary of 
 the Church Missionary Society^ i7i Exeter Hall^ London^ May 
 
 3. 1887. 
 
 GEORGE WILSON, 
 
 Scottish Physician, Chemist, Professor of Technology in the University 
 
 of Edinburg, and Director of the Industrial Museum 
 
 of Scotland. (1818-1859.) 
 
 REJOICE that I have a creed with which I can face 
 death and eternity, and which makes this life often a 
 joyous worship, and always a patient endurance. My 
 prayer is for a closer union to Christ, my Saviour; to 
 be able to say, as Thomas did, with my whole heart, '* My 
 lyord, and my God!" to realize to the fullest His personality 
 and His humanity; and to walk in His steps as a lowly fol- 
 lower, disciple, and servant. 
 
 The healing art is not only the highest of all secular call- 
 ings, but it is essentially a Christian calling. The Head of 
 our profession is Christ. He left all men an example that 
 they should follow His steps, but He left it specially to us. 
 It is well that the statues of Hippocrates and -^sculapius 
 should stand outside our College of Physicians, but the liv- 
 ing image of our Saviour should be enshrined in our hearts. 
 — Volume VI 11^ '■^ Short Biographies for the People.''^ 
 
5o8 
 
 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 NATHANIEL PARKER WILLIS. 
 
 Poet. (1806-1867.) 
 
 v>S the Word of God (Testament) I prize it, and as the 
 
 gift of my affectionate Father I love it, and shall 
 always look upon it as a remembrance of an era in 
 my feelings which I hope I shall always be thank- 
 ful for. ... I have now the assurance of being an heir 
 of life everlasting, and a recipient of the protection which 
 the wings of my Saviour's mercy must afford to those who 
 are gathered under them. — Page 26 of his Life^ by Henry A. 
 BeerSy in the ^''American Men of Letter s^^ Series. 
 
 SIR GEORGE WILLIAMS, 
 
 English Capitalist; Originator of the Young Men's Christian Association. 
 
 a" i(^Y life-long experience 
 ^1. as a business man, 
 ^^!^ and as a Christian 
 worker among young 
 men, has taught me that 
 the only power in this 
 world that can effectually 
 keep one from evil and 
 j sin, in all the varied and 
 often attractive forms 
 which they assume, is 
 that which comes from 
 an intimate knowledge of 
 the Lord Jesus Christ as a present Saviour. And I can alsa 
 heartily testify that the safe Guide-Book by which one may 
 be led to Christ is the Bible, the Word of God, which is 
 inspired by the Holy Ghost. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 509 
 
 JAMES GRANT WILSON, 
 
 General and Author. 
 
 HEN Sir Walter Scott was on his death bed sixty 
 years ago, he requested Lockhart to read to him, 
 and, on his son-in-law inquiring from what book, 
 the dying poet replied: "Why ask? there is but 
 one!" To that inspired book — the Bible — and to Jesus 
 Christ, the only Saviour, we chiefly owe all that makes life 
 worth living in this world — the charity, courtesy, and good 
 will that beautify life, with the hope of a better and brighter 
 world beyond. 
 
 HENRY WILSON, 
 
 United States Senator. (1812-1875.) 
 
 OD has given us an existence in this Christian repub- 
 lic, founded by men who proclaim as their living 
 faith, amid persecution and exile: "We give our- 
 selves to the Lord Jesus Christ and the Word of His 
 Grace, for the teaching, ruling and sanctifying of us in mat- 
 ters of worship and conversation." Privileged to live in 
 an age when the selectest influences of the religion of our 
 fathers seem to be visibly descending upon our land, we 
 too often hear the Providence of God, the religion of our 
 Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, the inspiration of the Holy 
 Bible doubted, questioned, denied with an air of gracious 
 condescension. Remember ever, and always, that your 
 country was founded, not by the "most superficial, the light- 
 est, the most irreflective of all European races," but by the 
 stern old Puritans who made the deck of the Mayflower an 
 altar of the living God, and whose first act on touching the 
 soil of the new world was to offer on bended knees thanks- 
 giving to Almighty God. — From an address before the Young 
 
5IO A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Men's Christian Association of Natick Massachusetts^ De- 
 cember 23, 1866. See ''^Life of Henry Wilson ^^^ by Thomas 
 Russell. 
 
 JOHN MOULDER WILSON, 
 
 Colonel of Engineers, and Superintendent of the United States 
 Military Academy, West Point, New York. 
 
 COUNT myself honored in having the privilege of 
 expressing my sincere belief in the Divinity of Christ, 
 and my deep appreciation of the truth, grandeur, and 
 inspiration of the Holy Scriptures. 
 That profound statesman, that wonderful expounder of 
 our Constitution, Daniel Webster, expressed himself in such 
 glowing words in regard to the Bible, and its influence upon 
 the welfare of our country, that I trust I may be excused for 
 repeating his language : " If we abide by the principles 
 taught in our Bible, our country will go on prospering and 
 to prosper; but if we and our posterity neglect its instruction 
 and authority, no man can tell how sudden a catastrophe may 
 overwhelm us, and bury all our glory in profound obscurity." 
 
 JOHN WILSON, 
 
 (CHRISTOPHER NORTH,) 
 
 Scottish Author and Educator. (1785-1854.) 
 
 ■ URN from the oracles of man — still dim even in their 
 clearest response — to the oracles of God, which are 
 never dark. Bury all your books when you feel the 
 night of skepticism gathering around you ; bury them 
 all, powerful though you have deemed their spells to illumi- 
 nate the unfathomable ; open your Bible and all.the spiritual 
 
^ CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 511 
 
 world will be bright as day. — ''''Soliloquy of the Seasons ^^^ by 
 John Wilson. 
 
 He who is so familiar with the Bible that each chapter, 
 open it where he will, teems with household words, may 
 draw thence their theme of many a pleasant and pathetic 
 song. For is not all human nature and all human life shad- 
 owed forth in those pages? But the heart, to sing well from 
 the Bible, must be imbued with religious feelings, as a flower 
 is alternately with dew and sunshine. The study of the 
 Book must have begun in the simplicity of childhood, when 
 it was felt to be indeed Divine, and carried on through all 
 those silent interv^als in which the soul of manhood is re- 
 stored, during the din of life, to the purity and peace of its 
 early being. The Bible to such must be a port, even as the 
 sky, with its sun, moon, and stars ; its boundless blue, with 
 all its cloud mysteries ; its peace deeper than the grave, be- 
 cause of realms beyond the grave; its tumult louder than 
 that of life, because heard altogether in all the elements. — 
 Page 459, ^^ Memoir s^^^ by his Daughter^ Mrs. Gordon. 
 
 SIR CHARLES WILSON, 
 
 Director-General of the '^liinance Survey of England. 
 
 yHE Opinion I have formed from the surveys and ex- 
 cavations in Palestine, and from the discovery of in- 
 scriptions, was that the Bible was, of all ancient books, 
 the most wonderfully accurate in relation to geo- 
 graphical and historical facts. Many of these had now been 
 explained ; and the more they knew, the clearer it became 
 that the Bible was not wrong in regard to its facts, but that 
 the people did not possess sufficient information to under- 
 stand them. Quite recently there had been some very won- 
 derful discoveries in Egypt; and at Tell Mahuta, not far from 
 Tell-el-Kebir, had been found the ruins of the Pithom of the 
 Bible. Not only this, but also of the treasure-chamber which 
 the children of Israel were employed in building for the 
 
512 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Pharaoh '' who knew not Joseph." The discovery of this 
 town had thrown a good deal of light upon the route taken 
 by the Israelites on leaving Egypt. They could not tell 
 exactly the route taken, but could draw a line within very 
 narrow limits, and were able to say within ten or twelve 
 miles which way they went after leaving Egypt for Pales- 
 tine. Another late discovery was the excavation of Pharaoh's 
 house at Tahapanes, mentioned two or three times in Jere- 
 miah, and it was extremely interesting to have uncovered 
 the very house named by Jeremiah. In Palestine there had 
 been many discoveries, but not of recent date. The latest 
 was that of an inscription in the rock-hewn channel which 
 conveys the water of the Fountain of the " Virgin " to the 
 Pool of Siloam. It was interesting as proving that the lan- 
 guage of the Israelites about 700 B. C. was the same pure 
 Hebrew that is used in the earlier books of the Bible, and 
 was the oldest inscription in the Hebrew yet discovered. — 
 Address at a Missionary Service^ Southampton^ England. 
 
 SIR DANIEL WILSON, 
 
 President of the University of Toronto. 
 
 ^N reply to your letter it seems to me that I shall best 
 meet your wishes by noting the popular opinion, not 
 only that scientific men are skeptics, but that the 
 whole tendency of scientific research is antagonistic to 
 a belief of revealed truth. A very little consideration dis- 
 closes the source of this misleading error. 
 
 Men do not directly associate the professional life of the 
 lawyer, the tradesmen, the artist, or the mechanician with 
 his religious belief. It is taken for granted that among 
 them, as in the community at large, there are devout Chris- 
 tians ; others indifferent to religion, and some avowed un- 
 believers. But it is otherwise with the students of science. 
 Many questions, such as the six days of creation, the antiq- 
 uity of man, the evolutionary hypothesis, the geological and 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 513 
 
 historical evidence of the deluge, etc., are appealed to the 
 student of science. In not a few cases his rejection of erro- 
 neous interpretations of scientific evidence is mistaken for 
 antagonism to revealed truth ; and when he does declare 
 himself an agnostic, he is assumed to represent the opin- 
 ions of the whole body. 
 
 This is most unjust. The study of the universe, with all 
 its wondrous revelations, tells us indeed how little we know. 
 But in so doing it begets rather the devout modesty of a 
 Newton than the materialistic skepticism of the agnostic. 
 When a lawyer, or merchant, however eminent, is known as 
 an avowed unbeliever, no one assumes that therefore all 
 lawyers and merchants are so. But the agnosticism of a few 
 living men of science has been credited, not to them as in- 
 dividuals, but to the whole body. In reality, there are prob- 
 ably as many skeptical lawyers, tradesmen, and mechanics 
 as are to be found among men of science ; while, on the other 
 hand, some of the most eminent Christians have been among 
 the latter. I heed only refer to such names as (*) Ampere, 
 Faraday, Sir David Brewster, Clerk Maxwell, Doctor George 
 Wilson, Sir William Hamilton, Sir James Simpson, Professor 
 Joseph Henry, the great astronomer Adams, and others 
 among the most famous scientific men of the present century ; 
 all of whom were devoted Christians ; willingly sparing time 
 from their professional and scientific labors for religious 
 work ; holding fast their faith in the Holy Scriptures, and 
 quitting themselves like men, in the service of Christ, their 
 Lord and Saviour. 
 
 ♦The reader is cited to the testimonies of these Scientists in their alpha- 
 betical order. 
 
514 A CI.OUD OF Witnesses. 
 
 ALEXANDER WINCHELL, 
 
 Professor of Geology, University of Michigan, 1 879-1 891. 
 (1824-1891.) 
 
 ^HK history of religions and philosophies is thus the 
 confirmation of Christianity. We may, indeed, re- 
 gard the Revelation of God to the human soul to be 
 genuine and authentic, though not as clear and in- 
 fluential as the revelation in the Person and teaching of 
 Christ. These two revelations are harmonious, and must be 
 so. Greek philosophy had made circulation, from the data 
 of human consciousness, that a Saviour was needed ; that a 
 Saviour must be predicated. Paul came to Athens and 
 pointed out the Saviour whose want had been felt, giving 
 sight to the blind instinct that had been feeling after God, 
 and preached a Gospel which fulfilled the prophetic longings 
 of the struggling ages of Greek philosophy. 
 
 I desire to inspire your minds with a confidence that the 
 interests -of religion are by no means in peril. It is un- 
 manly to be found quaking with fear. Faith is to experi- 
 ence another renaissance. It may not be easy, it may not 
 now be possible, to explain how all discordances are to be 
 reconciled ; but I entertain the strongest confidence that all 
 the conflicts of the passing hour will only result in the 
 elimination of a body of truth — religious and secular — more 
 beautiful and lovely than any upon which human thought has 
 yet been fixed. I wish you to feel brave. I wish you to feel 
 strong. I wish you to feel jubilant. I would like to lift my 
 arm as high as heaven to signify my steadfast faith in the 
 fortunes of our Christianity. I would like to speak with a 
 voice which all the terrified should hear, and take heart 
 again. I would like to raise a shout which shall fill the 
 world at the joy I feel over the coming reconciliation of the 
 contending forces, and the final establishment of the har- 
 mony and the sacredness of all that truth which God has 
 constituted us to accept, for which philosophers have 
 thought, poets have dreamed, or martyrs bled. But more 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 515 
 
 than faith sustains me. I am not enveloped in impenetrable 
 fog. I have a prophetic discernment of the methods by 
 which the new reconciliation is to be effected. It is not a 
 new faith that we are to receive ; it is the old, old faith in a 
 bright, new vesture. Look, I pray you, at the tendencies of 
 the conflicts which the opposing battalions are waging to- 
 day. Is the strife between Moses and geology? To my mind 
 the inspired epic of Moses presents an accordance with the 
 geological history of the world which is almost, if not quite, 
 supernatural, and is made more wonderful in the light which 
 science has thrown upon it. Even admitting the impossi- 
 bility of a circumstantial harmony, all conflict has forever 
 vanished. — Pages 226, 289, 356, ^^Reconciliation of Science 
 and Religion^'''' by Alexander Wine hell. 
 
 JOHANN JOACHIM WINCKELMANN, 
 
 German Archaeologist. (1817-1868,) 
 
 UTIES flow from this source unto all mankind in 
 one family. Herein, until the time of Moses, con- 
 sisted the Law and the Prophets. The proof of 
 the subsequent Divine Revelation is obtained not 
 through the dead letter, but through the Divine motives 
 which, as many believers have felt them, I also expect with 
 reason to feel within myself in still worship. — Page 22, Vol- 
 zi?ne /, " The History of Ancient Art^'''' tracts lated from the 
 German of fohn Winckelmann^ by G. He^iry Lodge, 
 
 GEORGE T. WINSTON, 
 
 Late President of University of North Carolina. 
 
 O one can read the Bible without seeing that it is as 
 
 far superior to other books as man's spiritual nature 
 
 is superior to his intellect or body. It is a literary 
 
 photograph of God as revealed to spiritual eyes 
 
 through all the ages. 
 
5l6 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Jesus Christ is the only Saviour. His character is the 
 concentrated embodiment of all that is best in humanity, 
 the most miraculous compound of simplicity and complexity, 
 of clearness and mystery, of God and Man. He is the Alpha 
 and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the 
 last. 
 
 ^^^t<rZrtt_ 
 
 WILLIAM WINDOM,* 
 
 United States Senator; Secretary of Treasury under President Garfield, 
 
 cy^ (1827-1891.) 
 
 )EST I may go and leave you without an opportunity 
 
 to say this, I want you to have the comfort of know- 
 
 t^o ing that if I were to die to-day it would be in the 
 
 sure and peaceful hope of a blessed immortality — that 
 
 hope based not on any worthiness of mine, but solely on a 
 
 firm trust in my living Redeemer. — To his wife; published 
 
 in Washington papers at the time of his sudden death. 
 
 JOHN WINTHROP, 
 
 G) First Governor of Massachusetts Colony. ( 1588-1649.) 
 
 iB of good comfort; the hardest that can come shall be 
 a means to mortify this body of corruption, which is 
 a thousand times more dangerous to us than any out- 
 ward tribulation, and to bring us into nearer com- 
 munion with our Lord Jesus Christ, and more assurance of 
 His kingdom. — To his wife^ dated May 15, 1629. ^^^ ^^^^ 
 tone VI ^ ^'' Appleton* s Cyclopcsdia of American Biography.'^'' 
 
 * I have been acquainted with Mr. Windom well for more than twenty 
 years, and he was the most consistent Christian I ever knew in public 
 life. — Eulogy from Ex-Justice William Strong of the United States Su- 
 preme Court. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 517 
 
 SIR GARNET JOSEPH WOLSELEY. 
 
 Commander-in-Chief of the British Army. 
 
 WILLIAM WIRT, 
 
 Lawyer and Author. (1772-1834.) 
 
 WANT only my blessed Saviour's assurance of pardon 
 and acceptance to be at peace. I wish to find no rest 
 short of rest in Him. I have no taste for worldly 
 business. I go to it reluctantly. I would keep com- 
 pany with my Saviour only and the Holy Book. I dread 
 the world — the strife and contention and emulation of the 
 bar; yet I will do my duty — this is a part of my religion. — 
 ^^Life of William Wirt^'' by William Pendleton Kennedy. 
 
 JOHN WINTHROP, 
 
 Physicist. (1714-1779.) 
 
 IS faith Upon the Christian religion was founded upon 
 an accurate examination of the evidences of its truths, 
 and the witness of his life added a lustre to his intel- 
 lectual powers and scientific attainments. In his 
 family he devoutly maintained the worship of the Supreme 
 Being. While he himself attended upon the positive insti- 
 tutions of the Gospel, he could not conceive what reason 
 
5l8 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 anyone who called himself Christian could give for neglect- 
 ing them. The day before his death he said "The hope 
 that is set before us in the New Testament is the only things 
 which will support a man in his dying hour. If any man 
 builds on any other foundation, in my apprehension his 
 foundation will fail." — Allen's ^^ American Biography.^^ 
 
 ROBERT CHARLES WINTHROP, 
 
 Statesman and Author. (1809-1895.) 
 
 ^HB Bible itself is its own best witness. No evolution 
 produced that Volume, and no revolution of thought, 
 or action, or human will can ever prevail against it. 
 Revisions and new versions may improve or may im- 
 pair the letter, but they can never change its essential char- 
 acter. The Gospel of Jesus Christ, through which He 
 brought life and immortality to light, like its Divine Author, 
 is the same "yesterday, to-day, and forever." 
 
 r 
 
 W. PAGE WOOD, 
 
 (LORD HATHERLEY,) 
 
 Lord Chancellor of England. ( 1801-1881.) 
 
 a!>^<^UGUST, 1875. To-day we (myself and Lady Hath- 
 ^^fc)V erley) have just finished our reading of the Bible 
 through together for the forty-fourth time. In my 
 old age I begin so immensely to prefer the Holy 
 Scriptures to all good books of what kind soever. It is 
 always new; at least, one always finds something new that 
 escaped one's observation at the last reading ; and how won- 
 derfully independent it is of a various reading here, or a 
 
 ^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 519 
 
 mistaken translation there, being the whole that it is, a liv- 
 ing whole, that is and will be "Spirit and Life" till time 
 shall be no more. "Thy Word, O Lord, is settled forever 
 in heaven." — Memoir of Lord Hatherley^ in ^^The Crow7i of 
 the Road^^^ by Charles Bullock^ p^g^ 207. 
 
 STEWART LYNDON WOODFORD, 
 
 Minister to Spain under President McKinley. 
 
 HAVE no hesitation whatever in giving my opinion 
 on any subject whereon I have formed one ; and in 
 this case I am profoundly impressed with the deep 
 conviction that the teachings and inspiration of Jesus 
 Christ and the Holy Scriptures are at the core of our civil- 
 ization. - ^^^^r^ 
 
 JAMES WOODROW, 
 
 President of South Carolina College, 
 
 BELIEVE in the Word of God ; not of an " unknown 
 God," such as the learned Athenians ignorantly wor- 
 shiped ; but of the almighty personal God, who 
 created the heavens and the earth ; who made man in 
 His own image, for his sake sparing not even His only be- 
 gotten Son ; yea, in the Word of God, who is the God and 
 Father of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ; and who, at 
 sundry times and in divers manners, spake in time past 
 unto the fathers by the prophets, and hath in these last days 
 spoken unto us by His Son ; it is the Word of this God, thus 
 spoken, and through His goodness transmitted to us. If we 
 examine this Word, with open and candid minds, subjecting 
 it to every test by which truth is distinguished from false- 
 hood, we will most assuredly find it true in every syllable, 
 
520 A CI^OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 wholly free from error, the very word of the Lord God of 
 truth and righteousness ; and therefore a guide on which we 
 may most securely rest. From this glorious Revelation we 
 learn that Jesus Christ took on Himself our nature that He 
 might suffer and die in our stead, and thus cleanse us from 
 all sin. With many years of experience and observation I 
 testify that no man whom I have known, or of whom I have 
 ever heard, has taken heed to His way according to God's 
 Word, whose way was not thereby made spotlessly clean. 
 
 ^(k-^^^'-^.^^^ ft^-o-a-^^^-'^r'-^^^r. 
 
 
 SAMUEL WOODWORTH, 
 
 Poet. (1785-1842.) 
 
 THE CRUCIFIXION. 
 
 EEPING Mary, bathed in sorrow, 
 ilH/X Lingered near the scene of horror, 
 Tq^ Where the dying Saviour hung; 
 From whose bursting heart arising, 
 Groans of anguish agonizing 
 
 Floated o'er His fevered tongue. 
 
 Oh, what sorrow, deep, unbounded. 
 That maternal bosom wounded. 
 
 Once the Saviour's couch of rest ! 
 How she wept to see Him languish, 
 How she trembled for the anguish 
 
 Laboring in His guiltless breast ! 
 
 While such pangs as fiends invented 
 Still her suffering Son tormented. 
 
 Scorn and bruises, stripes and death ; 
 She beheld Him thus expiring. 
 Human friends for fear retiring, 
 Whilst in groans He spent His breath. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 52 1 
 
 Matchless mercy, love amazing ! 
 Far above our feeble praising, 
 
 Far beyond our humble lays; 
 May its influence never vary, 
 Till my heart,' like that of Mary, 
 
 Glows with a seraphic blaze. 
 
 Gracious Saviour, now in glory. 
 Be this sad, affecting story 
 
 Deeply on my soul imprest ! 
 May the scene of such affliction 
 Bring the hardest heart conviction, 
 
 Melt the most obdurate breast ! 
 
 WILLIAM WORDSWORTH, 
 
 EngHsh Poet-Laureate. (1770-1850.) 
 
 TRUST IN THE SAVIOUR. 
 
 UT Thou art true, Incarnate Lord ! 
 Who didst vouchsafe for man to die ; 
 Thy smile is sure. Thy plighted Word 
 No charge can falsify. 
 
522 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 HYMN FOR THE BOATMAN. 
 
 Jesu, bless our slender boat, 
 By the current swept along ! 
 
 Loud its threatenings — let them not 
 Drown the music of a song 
 
 Breathed Thy mercy to implore, 
 
 Where the troubled waters roar. 
 
 Saviour, for our warning, seen 
 Bleeding on that precious rood ; 
 
 If, while through the meadows green 
 Gentl}'^ wound the peaceful flood. 
 
 We forget Thee, do not Thou 
 
 Disregard Thy suppliants now. 
 
 TRANSLATION OF THE BIBLE. 
 
 But to outweigh all harm, the sacred Book, 
 
 In dusty sequestration wrapt too long. 
 
 Assumes the accents of our native tongue ; 
 
 And he who guides the plow or wields the crook 
 
 With understanding spirit now may look 
 
 Upon her records, listen to her song. 
 
 And sift her laws — much wondering that^the wrong 
 
 Which Faith hath suffered, Heaven could calmly brook. 
 
 Transcendent boon ! Noblest that earthly king 
 
 Ever bestowed to equalize and bless 
 
 Under the weight of mortal wretchedness. 
 
 SIR HENRY WOTTON, 
 
 English Diplomat and Author. (1568-1639.) 
 
 ^N the name of God Almighty and All-merciful, I, 
 Henry Wotton, Provost of His Majesty's College of 
 Eton, being mindful of mine own mortality, which the 
 sin of our first parents did bring upon all flesh, do, by 
 this last Wiil and Testament thus dispose of myself, and the 
 poor things I shall leave in this world. My soul I bequeath 
 to the immortal God, my Maker, Father of our Lord Jesus 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 523 
 
 Christ, my blessed Redeemer and Mediator, through His all 
 sole-suffering satisfaction for the sins of the whole world, 
 and efficient for His elect, in the number of whom I am one 
 by His mere grace, and therefore immeasurably assured by 
 the Holy Spirit, the true and eternal Comforter. ... I 
 wish to be laid as near as may be to the sepulchre of my good 
 father, expecting a joyful resurrection with him in the day 
 of Christ. — Page 147, " Walton's Lives. ''^ 
 
 CARROLL DAVIDSON WRIGHT, 
 
 Statistician and Commissioner of Labor. 
 
 BEIvXEVE that in the adoption of the philosophy of 
 the religion of Jesus Christ as a practical creed for 
 the conduct of business lies the surest and speediest 
 solution of those industrial difficulties which are ex- 
 isting in the minds of men to-day, and leading many to 
 think that the crisis of government is at hand. 
 
 imMflZyi^ 
 
 ARTHUR WELLESLEY, DUKE OF 
 WELLINGTON, 
 
 Field Marshal of Great Britain ; Hero of Waterloo. (1759-1E52.) 
 
 'T is not because of the height of his position, the mag- 
 nitude of his character, the devotion to his country, 
 that he placed his hopes of eternal salvation, but be- 
 cause he knew these only were valuable proofs of his 
 faith, all of which he cast at the feet of his Saviour. He fixed 
 all of his hopes of future glory in the sacrifice of the beloved 
 Son of God, who died on the accursed Cross that he might 
 live. — Page 374, Volume 11^ by J' H. Stockqueler. 
 
524 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 WILLIAM III, 
 
 King of England and Prince of Orange. (1650-1702.) 
 
 FAITHFUIylyY promise in the presence of the eternal 
 God that, during the whole course of life, I will serve 
 the same eternal God to the utmost of my power, 
 according as He has required in His most Holy Word, 
 revealed and contained in the New Testament ; and according 
 to the same Word, shall maintain the true religion of Jesus 
 Christ — Page 26, ''Lives of the Queens of England^^^ Volume 
 11^ by Agnes Strickland. 
 
 SIR RICHARD WILBRAHAM, 
 
 Major-General of the British Army. 
 
 AM glad to add my name to those Witnesses of all 
 countries and professions who have borne testimony 
 to the truths of Christianity and its Bible. As almost 
 the oldest soldier in the British Army, I am thankful 
 to witness to the large and increasing number of my com- 
 rades in all ranks who are earnest believers in the divinity of 
 Jesus Christ and the Holy Scriptures. 
 
 GEORGE L WELLINGTON, 
 
 United States Senator from Maryland. 
 
 HAVE no hesitancy in affirming that I believe in 
 Christ and the revealed Word; and further, I believe 
 that the Christian religion and the civilization it 
 brings with it are the highest and richest gifts that 
 can be given to mankind. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES 525 
 
 SIR CHARLES WARREN, 
 
 British Lieutenant-General. 
 
 ACCEPT the Bible as the revealed will of God and 
 Jesus Christ as the only Saviour of men, and the very 
 God. We should form our own opinions on these 
 grave subjects rather than on the opinion of others. 
 Divine authority affirms that "if they hear not Moses and 
 the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rose 
 from the dead!" 
 
 JOHN C. WATSON, 
 
 Rear-Admiral. 
 
 BELIEVE in the Lord Jesus Christ. Our Divine 
 Saviour is the best Friend any human being ever had 
 or ever could have, and His loving help is freely 
 offered to all who will accept it. 
 
 piA^dsz:h 
 
 CHARLES LINDLEY WOOD, VISCOUNT 
 HALIFAX, 
 
 G)^^ Philanthropist. 
 
 ^A^TTENDANCE at the memorial of our Saviour's Death 
 
 \f^ and Passion will profit nothing to the Christian, 
 
 <^ (^ except in so far as he associates himself heart and 
 
 soul with the offering which our Great High Priest 
 
 made on the Cross. — " The Present Crisis in the Church of 
 
 England,^' by Viscount Halifax, '' The Nineteenth Century,^'' 
 
 February, 1899. 
 
526 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONORABLH, THE EARL 
 OF WINCHILSEA, 
 
 British Statesman. 
 
 ^HE Bible is not a clergyman's Book alone. It is in- 
 tended to be a gift to each individual man from his 
 Creator. I believe that we stand on the rock when 
 we take as our great principle that it is the Book itself 
 with which we are primarily connected, and that we do not 
 concern ourselves with any human interpretation of it, how- 
 ever excellent. We place before the individual the Divine 
 Scriptures, and we trust to the power of God, which inspired 
 the Word, to interpret His salvation through Jesus Christ. — 
 Extract from a Speech at the Annual Meeting of the British 
 and Foreign Bible Society^ London^ 1894. 
 
 LEW WALLACE, 
 
 Author of "Ben Hur," and "The Prince of India." 
 Major-General in Civil War; Diplomat. 
 
 AM asked what led me to write "Ben Hur.'' In ex- 
 planation it is proper to state that I had reached an 
 age when men begin to study themselves with refer- 
 ence to their fellow men. Up to that time, never 
 having read the Bible, I knew nothing about sacred history, 
 and in matters of a religious nature, although I was not in 
 every respect an infidel, I was persistently indifferent. I did 
 not know, and therefore did not care. I resolved to begin 
 the study of the good Book in earnest. 
 
 I was in quest of knowledge, but I had no faith to sustain, 
 no creed to bolster up. The result was that the whole field 
 of biblical history opened up before me, and my vision not 
 being clouded by previously formed opinions, I was able to 
 survey it without the aid of lenses. I believe I was thorough 
 and persistent. I know I was conscientious in my search 
 for the truth. I weighed, I analyzed, I compared. The evo- 
 lution from conjecture into knowledge, through opinion and 
 belief, was gradual and irresistible; and at length I stood 
 firmly and defiantly on the solid Rock. Upward of seven 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 527 
 
 hundred thousand copies of "Ben Hur" have been published, 
 and it has been translated into all languages from French to 
 Arabic; but whether it has ever influenced the mind of a 
 single reader or not, I am sure its conception and preparation, 
 if it has done nothing more, has convinced its author of the 
 divinity of the lowly Nazarene. n l<^ p p 
 
 CHARLES AUGUSTUS YOUNG, 
 
 Scientist; Professor of Astronomy in Princeton College. 
 
 ACCEPT the Bible as the Word of God, revealing the 
 law of love and holiness which ought to govern hu- 
 man intercourse, and which alone can remedy the 
 evils and right the wrongs of society. 
 In Jesus Christ, our Lord, I find the type and example 
 of the highest manhood made perfect in the image of its 
 Maker ; and, what is more, the Divine Redeemer, delivering 
 all who trust in Him from both the penalty and power of 
 sin, and by the Holy Spirit guiding them to ultimate per- 
 fection of character. 
 
 ry'^^AT^t.^'^^ 
 
 
 HANS JOACHIM VON ZIETHEN, 
 
 Prussian Major-General under Frederick the Great. 
 9 n <i699-i786.) 
 
 "^"OUR Majesty knows well that, in war, I have never 
 ^\r\ feared any danger, and have everywhere boldly 
 
 2 ^^2^ risked my life for you and my country. But there 
 is One above us who is greater than you or me — 
 greater than all men. He is the Saviour and Redeemer, 
 who has died also for your Majesty, and has dearly bought 
 us with His own blood. This One I can never allow to be 
 insulted; for on Him I repose my faith, my comfort, and my 
 hope in life and death. — Addressed to Frederick the Great, 
 See The British Workman. 
 
528 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 THE CHRISTIAN SIGNERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. 
 
 THE ^'Biographical 
 Sketches of the Signers 
 of the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence," by Ivossing; 
 ** American Christian Rul- 
 ers, ' ' by Giddings, and * ' Ap- 
 pleton's Cyclopaedia," touch 
 the religious side o f many 
 Signers. With a few excep- 
 tions they were pronounced 
 believers, and that, too, in 
 the heyday of French infidel- 
 ity. John Adams, Samuel 
 Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Richard H. 
 Lee, Benjamin Rush, and Richard Stockton, testify in these 
 pages. 
 
 Eighteenth-Century Christianity had loyal supporters in 
 Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Samuel Chase, William Ellery, 
 William Floyd, Stephen Hopkins, Francis Hopkinson, Sam- 
 uel Huntington, Francis Lightfoot Lee, Francis Lewis, 
 Philip Livingston, Robert Livingston, Thomas Nelson, Rob- 
 ert Treat Paine, Roger Sherman, James Smith, Matthew 
 Thornton, William W^illiams, James Wilson, John Wither- 
 spoon, Oliver Wolcott and others. 
 
 In this connection it is of interest to note that Elias Boud- 
 inot— not a Signer-^but President of Congress in 1782, sign- 
 ing the Treaty of Peace with England, was the first President 
 of the American Bible Society. His oration before the 
 ** Order of Cincinnati," at Elizabethton, New Jersey, July 
 4) 1 793' contains this paragraph: *'The resurrection of 
 Jesus Christ is commemorated by keeping the first day of the 
 week. The prophecies of ancient days hasten the fulfillment 
 when this wilderness shall blossom as the rose, the heathen 
 be given to the Redeemer as His inheritance, and the utter- 
 most parts of the earth for His possessions." 
 
FOREMOST AMERICANS CHAMPION THE DIVINITY OF CHRIST. 
 
 1. Secretary of Treasury Gage ; 2. Postmaster-General Smith; 3, Inspector- General Breckinridge; 
 4. United States Senator Hale ; 5. United States Senator Allison ; 6. Rear- Admiral Sampson ; 7. Major- 
 General Shafter ; 8. Major-General Brooke; 9. Major-General Henry ; 10. Rear- Admiral Belknap ; 11. 
 Marshall Field. 
 
 MARSHALL FIELD, 
 
 Philanthropist and Merchant. 
 
 AM a friend to Christianity ; I believe that Christianity is the 
 friend to mankind. My belief extends to the Supreme Being, 
 to the Divinity of Christ, and the surpassing potency of Chris- 
 tianity as a civilizing influence. 
 
 The Christian Herald, of New York, June 14, 1899, published the following list of repre- 
 sentative Americans, who replied emphatically " Yes " to the questions subscribed to above 
 by Marshall Field: United States Senators— W. V. Allen, Nebraska; W. B. Allison, Iowa ; 
 Marion Butler, North Carolina; C. J. Faulkner, West Virginia ; J. H. Gallinger, New 
 Hampshire ; Eugene Hale, Maine ; H. C. Hansbrough, North Dakota; J. K. Jones, Arkan- 
 sas; R. R. Kenney, Delaware; W.E.Mason, Illinois; H. D. Money, Mississippi; J. T. 
 Morgan, Alabama; G. W. McBride. Oregon; J. H. McLauren, South Carolina; Samuel 
 Pasco, Florida, and Boies Penrose, Pennsylvania. . . . Major-Generals — J. R. Brooks 
 and W. R. Shafter. . . . Brigadier-Generals — G. V. Henry and others. . . . Post- 
 master-General C. E. Smith; Attorney-General J. W. Griggs; Surgeon-General G. N. Stern- 
 berg; Inspector-General J. C. Breckinridge; Adjutant-General H. C. Corbin ; Secretary of 
 Treasury L. J. Gage, and Secretary of Agriculture James Wilson. — By permission of The 
 Christian Herald, New York. 
 
530 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Since this book has grown to such surprising proportions, at 
 least sufficient to confute this notion for all time, the Author, 
 out of high regard for Christian women, as well as their unique 
 prestige, has given them equal and rightful suffrage in "A 
 CLOUD OF WITNESSES." 
 
 ISABELLA Mcdonald ALDEN, '* Pansy," Author- 
 ess; It was not enough for me to believe in Christ as a 
 Saviour. I must choose Christ as my Saviour. It is now 
 nearly half a century since I gave my heart to Him. 
 
 MARIE ANTOINETTE, Wife of Louis XVI. of France: 
 I sincerely ask pardon of God for all the errors I have com- 
 mitted during my life. I hope in His kindness He will 
 accept my last vows, as well as those I have long since made, 
 that He may vouchsafe and receive my soul in His mercy. 
 
 MARY ARDEN, Mother of Shakespeare: Biography 
 records that she taught her son from a child the Holy Scrip- 
 tures, which have done more to unfold the literary genius of 
 the Anglo-Saxon than all other influences put together. 
 
 ANNA LETITIA BARBAULD, English Poetess: 
 To thee, my Saviour and my King, 
 
 Glad homage let me give ; 
 And stand prepared like Thee to die, 
 With Thee that I may live ! 
 
 AMELIA E. BARR, Authoress: I not only believe 
 in God the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, 
 and in Jesus Christ His only Son, and my Redeemer, and 
 surety for life everlasting, I believe equally also in the Holy 
 Ghost proceeding from the Father and Son, and one and in- 
 divisible with them. And I see in this Triune God no diffi 
 culty to cause me one moment's doubt. 
 
 LEAH MENDELSSOHN BARTHOLDY: We have 
 educated you in the Christian religion, because it is the faith 
 of most civilized people. By pronouncing your confession of 
 faith you have obtained the name of Christian. — To her son^ 
 Mendelssohn Bartholdy, the German composer. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 53I 
 
 MRS. SARAH K. BOLTON, Authoress : Those children 
 are fortunate who are taught early by their mothers, hymns 
 and Bible verses, as my mother taught me. The little book, 
 "Come to Jesus," convinced me to confess Christ as my 
 Saviour and unite with the Church. 
 
 JANE BOTHWICK, Scottish Poet and Hymn-Trans- 
 lator : Rest, spirit free ! 
 
 In the green pastures of the heavenly shore 
 Where sin and sorrow can approach no more, 
 With all the flock of the good Shepherd fed, 
 Besides the streams of life eternal led, 
 Forever with thy God, the Saviour blest. 
 Rest, sweetly rest ! 
 
 MARGARET BOTTOME, Authoress : I want the mind 
 that was in Christ, who made Himself of no reputation and 
 became a servant. Yes; "He was wounded for our trans- 
 gression; He was bruised for our iniquities; the chastise- 
 ment of our peace was laid on Him, and with His stripes 
 we are healed." 
 
 COUNTESS OF BRIDGEWATER, Daughter of the 
 Duke of Marlborough : Grant we may live in love and peace 
 together till death shall make a yet larger separation; all 
 which, in all humility of soul, I beg of Thee in the name and 
 for the sake of Jesus, my Saviour, and yours. Amen. 
 
 CHARLOTTE BRONTE, English Novelist : I am ready 
 for a sure and certain hope of the resurrection to eternal life 
 through our Lord Jesus Christ. 
 
 ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING, English Poet- 
 ess : My God, my Lord, my Christ, 
 
 As Thou saidest not, *' Depart," 
 To that suppliant from her heart. 
 Scorn me not, O Word, that art 
 The gentlest one of all words said ! 
 
 Nothing hidden but appears 
 In Thy knowledge, O Divine, 
 O Creator, Saviour mine ! 
 
532 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 MARGARET CARLYLB, Mother of Thomas Carlyle: 
 In her concern about the religious welfare of her son she ad- 
 dressed him these words: *'I beg you, with all the feelings 
 of an affectionate mother, that you study the Word of God, 
 which He has graciously put into our hands, that it may 
 powerfully reach our hearts, that we may discern it in its 
 true light. Do make Christianity your great study, Tom." 
 
 PHOEBE GARY, Poetess: 
 
 Yea, crucified Redeemer, who didst give 
 
 Thy toil. Thy tears, Thy life, that we might live, 
 
 Thy spirit grant that we 
 
 Might live one day for Thee ! 
 
 MRS. ELIZABETH CHARLES, Author of ** Chronicles 
 of the Schonberg-Cotta Family": Christianity, in all the 
 unfathomable depths of its love and peace, steals softly into 
 hearts so surrounded with its loveliest fruits. They breathe 
 in new faith in goodness, in happiness, in Christ the Re- 
 deemer and Healer. 
 
 LADY CHATHAM, Wife of Lord Chatham, the great 
 Commoner : Advanced age and the sense of increasing in- 
 firmities admonish me that soon I shall exchange this earthly 
 dwelling for one which, by the merits and through the mer- 
 ciful mediation of Jesus Christ, our Saviour, shall be in the 
 blessed heaven. — To her son^ William Pitt. 
 
 DINAH MULOCH CRAIG, Author of "John Halifax, 
 Gentleman" : 
 
 God rest ye all good Christians ; upon this blessed morn 
 The Lord of all good Christians was of a woman born ; 
 Now all your sorrows He doth heal, your sins be taken away; 
 For Jesus Christ, our Saviour, was born on Christmas day! 
 
 FANNIE CROSBY, the Blind Hymn-writer: 
 All the way my Saviour leads me; 
 
 What have I to ask beside ? 
 Can I doubt His tender mercy. 
 
 Who through life has been my guide ? 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 533 
 
 MRS. JOHN W. DANIEL, Wile of the Senator from 
 Virginia: Christianity is the only religion that teaches 
 selfish man to regard the rights of the poor and weak as equal 
 to the rights of the rich and powerful. I declare my ab- 
 solute faith in the Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 
 MRS. WILLIAM J. DEBOE, Wife of the Senator from 
 Kentucky : Christianity softens, purifies, ennobles and ele- 
 vates a person as nothing else can do. And what is true of 
 the individual is true of the nation. I believe in God and in 
 Jesus Christ, our Divine Lord. 
 
 MADAME DE STAEL, French Authoress: I desire 
 no other evidence of the truth of Christianity than the Lord's 
 Prayer. 
 
 MRS. THOMAS ALVA EDISON, Wife of the Electri- 
 cian: *'By their fruits ye shall know them!'' Judging 
 from this standard there can be no refutation of the state- 
 ment that Christianity is the mightiest influence in the world 
 to-day. God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy 
 Ghost, is embraced by my creed. 
 
 ELIZABETH, first Countess of Bridgewater: I come 
 with a knowledge of my own sin to Thee, my Saviour, who 
 may well be named my Saviour, who, by Thy death and 
 passion, hast saved me ! 
 
 ELIZABETH, Queen of England : 
 
 Christ was the Word that spake it; 
 He took the bread and brake it; 
 And what that Word did make it, 
 That I beHeve and take it. 
 
 MRS. W. H. ELLERBE, Wife of the South Carolina 
 Governor: All nature proves that God is the supreme, over- 
 ruling force in this and all other worlds. The millions of 
 those who have experienced the peace which a trust in Him 
 engenders is the indubitable proof of the Divinity of our 
 Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. 
 
534 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Mrs. Julia D. Grant. Miss Helen M. Gould. 
 
 MRS. J. ELLEN FOSTER, Platform Orator: It is the 
 testimony of world-wide travel, observation and history that 
 in proportion as Christianity wins its way, men and women 
 rise physically, mentally and morally, children are blessed, 
 the home is glorified as a sacred shrine, the old are tenderly 
 cared for, and the unfortunate are guarded from harm. In 
 this faith I was born and reared. My father preached it 
 among the hills of New England, and my mother lived it 
 ^mid the burdens and joys of family life. I have taught this 
 faith to my sons and daughters and expect to leave to them 
 the testimony my mother, dying, gave to me. 
 
 ELIZABETH FRY, English Philanthropist: When the 
 end comes, through the fullness of the love of Christ, and the 
 abundance of His merits, I shall join those who, after they 
 have passed through great tribulation, are forever at rest 
 with Jesus, for they have washed their robes and made them 
 white in the blood of the Lamb. 
 
 MRS. LYMAN J. GAGE, Wife of Secretary of Treas- 
 ury : True civilization has progressed so far as, in private 
 and national life, the principles of the Golden Rule and the 
 Sermon on the Mount are acted upon. These Divine princi- 
 ples are the most perfect yet stated as ideals of spiritual life. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 535 
 
 ELIZABETH, Duchess of Gordon : God the Sovereign 
 and Judge, God the Creator, without whom nothing was 
 made that is made, is God the Saviour, Immanuel, the Lamb 
 slain, from the foundation of the world. No tongue can tell 
 the goodness of the Lord. He is letting me get glimpses 
 both of His love and His glory in the face of Jesus Christ, 
 such as I have never had before. 
 
 HELEN MILLER GOULD, Philanthropist. — The 
 Christian Herald^ of New York, in its Easter issue of 1900, 
 obtained answers from several leading women of America, 
 some of which may be found in these pages, to these ques- 
 tions: *'Do you believe Christianity is a masterful influence 
 in civilizing humanity? Does your belief extend to the 
 recognition of the Divinity of Jesus Christ?" Miss Gould 
 responded thus: "To these questions I can reply very 
 heartily in the affirmative, and I believe, too, there is in 
 Christianity a power that can make the humblest life digni- 
 fied, beautiful and noble." 
 
 MRS. JULIA DENT GRANT, Relict of the late Presi- 
 dent Grant: What would we do in this changing world 
 without the religion of our Lord Jesus Christ to keep, com- 
 fort and sustain us? It is the greatest thing in the world; 
 nothing else compares with it, and it is the one influence, 
 above all others, that civilizes humanity, and that will bring 
 ultimate peace on earth and good will to men. From my in- 
 fancy I was taught to reverence the God of my forefathers; 
 my honored husband was actuated by the same belief, and 
 I can scarcely understand why anyone should doubt the re- 
 ality of the Christian faith. I certainly believe in God the 
 Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. 
 
 LADY JANE GREY, English Noblewoman.— This is 
 taken from the letter to her father just before she was be- 
 headed: '*My death is at hand, although to you it seems 
 woeful, yet to me there is nothing that can be more welcome 
 than from this vale of misery to aspire to that heavenly 
 
536 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 throne of all joy and pleasure with Christ, my Saviour, in 
 whose steadfast faith the Lord hath hitherto strengthened 
 you, so continue to keep you, that at the last we may meet 
 in heaven, with the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost!" 
 
 JEANNE MARIE GUYON, French Authoress: 
 I am poor, oblation I have none, 
 None for a Saviour, but Himself alone ; 
 Whatever I render Thee, from Thee it came ; 
 Oh vain attempt to expunge the mighty score ! 
 The more I pay, I owe Thee still the more ! 
 
 In Thy hands, O God, I leave my soul, not relying for my 
 salvation on any good that is in me, but solely on Thy 
 merits and the merits and suffering of my Lord Jesus Christ. 
 — From her last wilL 
 
 MARION HARLAND, Authoress: Christianity is the 
 only hope of lost humanity. I believe most emphatically in 
 the Lord of Hosts and in the Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 
 MRS. ANNA SYMMES HARRISON, Wife of Presi- 
 dent William Henry Harrison : And now what shall I say 
 to these things: Only *'be still and know that I am God." 
 You will not fail to pray for me and my dear son and daugh- 
 ter who are left. For I have no wish for my children and 
 grandchildren than to see them followers of our Lord Jesus. 
 
 FRANCIS RIDLEY HAVERGAL, English Poetess: 
 Oh, what vanity to rest on our own obedience for salvation; 
 any merit of our own takes away the glory of the atoning 
 blood. "Unto Him that loved us, and washed us from our 
 sins in His own blood," that's it! It is the Lord Jesus who 
 is so dear to me. 
 
 MRS. JOHN HAY, Wife of the Secretary of State: As 
 a child, I was taught that God was my Heavenly Father, 
 and that through His Son, salvation was brought into the 
 world. As I have grown older, this belief has become the 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 537 
 
 underlying foundation of my life, and experience has taught 
 me that Christianity is not only the friend of mankind, but 
 is also the dominating influence in the civilization of the 
 world. 
 
 MRS. IvUCY WEBB HAYES, Wife of President Hayes: 
 Beside Jesus Christ, there is no other Saviour. He is the 
 Alpha and Omega of my salvation. 
 
 FELICIA DOROTHEA HEMANS, English Poetess: 
 Redeemer ! Son of Man. Shed on our spirits 
 The faith and deep submissiveness of Thine ! 
 Thou that didst love ! Thou that didst weep and die — 
 Thou that didst rise a victor glorified ! 
 Conqueror ! Thou Son of God ! 
 
 MRS. DAVID B. HENDERSON, Wife of the Speaker 
 of the House of Representatives: It seems to me that every 
 thoughtful person must concede the Divinity of Jesus Christ, 
 and no one can contest the universal influence of Christianity 
 in civilizing humanity. 
 
 MARIETTA HOLLEY, *'Josiah Allen's Wife,'' Auth- 
 oress: The Divine reality and constant presence of the ever- 
 living and ever-loving Saviour has been and is my help and 
 consolation ; and the Book of His revealed life and will my 
 greatest treasure. I believe in God the Father Almighty, 
 and in His Son, Jesus Christ, my Lord. 
 
 MRS. JULIA WARD HOWE, Authoress: I first re- 
 ceived Christianity in the way natural to one of my birth 
 and education. I have since been called upon to confront 
 the topic in many ways. ... I must say that the 
 earlier view is that which I hold to most, namely, of the 
 Divine Being, whose word was judgment, whose brief career 
 on earth ended in sacrifice, whose purity and pathos had 
 much to do with the redemption of the human race. 
 
538 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Hj^B 
 
 ilH^^^iiiH 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^n^^^H 
 
 
 ^H 
 
 ^HiSSI^^l 
 
 '^ ^m-' ' 
 
 ..'^ii^^H 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 Queen Alexandra. 
 
 Mrs. Ida McKinley. 
 
 MARY HOWITT, English Authoress: 
 Ivisten, all ye Christian people, 
 
 Let no fears your soul dismay ; 
 God's own Son, the Lord, the Saviour, 
 
 He was born on Christmas day. 
 
 COUNTESS HUNTINGTON, English Philanthropist : 
 I have enjoyed intimate fellowship with the Father and the 
 Son. The Holy Ghost has witnessed with my spirit that I 
 am His child. 
 
 JEAN INGELOW, English Poetess: 
 
 But look, the Saviour blest, 
 
 Calm after solemn rest, 
 Stands in the garden 'neath His olive boughs; 
 
 The earliest smile of day 
 
 Doth on His vesture play, 
 And light the majesty of His still brows. 
 
 MRS. HELEN HUNT JACKSON, Poetess and Auth- 
 oress : Mother, I see you with the nursery light, 
 Leading your babies, all in white, 
 
 To their sweet rest; 
 Christ, the good Shepherd, bears mine to-night, 
 And that is best. 
 
 Note.— To Lady Huntington, I^ord Buchan said, the day of his death: "I have no 
 foundation of hope whatever but in the sacrifice of the Son of God. My confidence in 
 Him is firm as a rock." 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 539 
 
 I cannot help tears, when I see them twine 
 
 Their fingers in yours, and their bright curls shine 
 
 On your warm breast ; 
 But the Saviour's is purer than yours or mine, 
 
 He can love best. 
 
 MRS. RACHEL JACKSON, Wife of President Jackson : 
 How few real Christian helpers there are. But blessed be 
 God, He has even a few that are bold in declaring their faith 
 in Christ, our Lord. 
 
 JANE, QUEEN OF NAVARRE, Daughter of Henry 
 H., King of Navarre : I doubt not that God Himself will 
 be their Father and Protector, as He has ever been in my 
 greatest afflictions. I, therefore, commit my children to His 
 government and fatherly care. I believe that Christ is my 
 only Mediator and Saviour, and I look for salvation in no 
 other. 
 
 MRS. RICHARD R. KENNEY, Wife of the Senator 
 from Delaware: I believe in the Fatherhood of God, and in 
 the Divinity of Jesus Christ, His Son, my Saviour. 
 
 BARONESS VON KRUDENER, Wife of a Russian 
 Diplomat, Authoress of Valerie : That which I have done 
 well remains; that which I have done wrong the mercy of 
 God will efface. I have nothing else to offer to God or to 
 man but my sins, but the blood of Chirst cleanseth from all 
 sin. 
 
 MRS. JAMES H. KYLE, Wife of the Senator from 
 South Dakota: I believe in the Fatherhood of God, the 
 Divinity of His Son. Who is Jesus Christ? He who fed the 
 hungry, visited the sick, and raised the dead. Who are 
 Christ's? Every one that loveth is born of God. 
 
 SILVIO PELLICO, Italian Dramatist (i 788-1854) : Did the best of 
 men, the God-man, disdain to cast His compassionate looks upon sinful 
 women? Why, then, should we so much dispise a woman who has fallen 
 into ignominy? — Vol.XXVIII^ ^' Library oj the World's Best Literature.'''' 
 
540 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 LUCY LARCOM, Poetess: 
 
 In Christ I touch the hand of God, 
 
 From His pure height reached down, 
 By blessed ways before untrod, 
 
 To lift us to our crown ; 
 Victory that only perfect is 
 Through loving sacrifice like His. 
 
 JENNY LIND, Swedish Vocalist: What is the whole 
 miserable earthly life worth in comparison to one single 
 glance at the sinless Holy Saviour ! He alone — and surely 
 nothing else — is the goal of our intense longing, whether we 
 know it or not. If I can become the last chorister of heav- 
 en, I shall rejoice with holiest joy ! 
 
 SARAH J. C. LIPPINCOTT (Grace Greenwood): 
 
 Oh, let thy lays prolong that angel singing 
 
 Girdling with music our Redeemer's star, 
 And breathe God's peace to earth's glad tidings bringing 
 
 From the new heavens, of old so dim and fair. 
 
 MRS. MARY A. LIVERMORE, Reformer: I believe 
 most firmly that God is in the world *'a Person not of our- 
 selves, working Righteousness"; in Christianity as the only 
 Divine religion, whose cardinal doctrines are practical love 
 to God and love to man, and in Christ who came *'to save 
 the people from their sins." 
 
 LOUISA HENRIETTA, Electress of Brandeburg, 
 Mother of Frederick I., King of Prussia: 
 
 Jesus, my Redeemer, lives, 
 
 Christ, my trust, is dead no more ! 
 
 In the strength this knowledge gives. 
 Shall not all my fears be o'er ? 
 
 MRS. ELIZABETH T. LOWNDES, Wife pf the Mary- 
 land Governor: China, India, Africa, Japan, and many 
 islands of the sea, are an evidence of what progress civiliza- 
 tion takes without Christ and the Bible. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 541 
 
 MARY IvYON, Founder of Holyoke Seminary : I trust 
 ihat this is of the Lord, and that He will prosper it. In this 
 movement I have thought much more constantly and have 
 felt much more deeply about domg that which shall be for 
 the honor of Christ and for the salvation of souls than I 
 ever did in any step of my life. 
 
 MRS. JOHN McLAUREN, Wife of the Governor from 
 South Carolina: I believe that the highest type of human- 
 ity can only be developed by the influence of Christianity. 
 How could there be a Christian religion without a belief in 
 God and the Divinity of Jesus Christ? 
 
 MRS. BENTON MdMILLIN, Wife of the Tennessee 
 Governor: I believe that Christianity has given friends to 
 the friendless and homes to the homeless. It is the only 
 system of religion that provides alleviation for the sufferings 
 of humanity, and offers consolation to the mourner. We have 
 but to compare our happy lot with that of the unfortunate 
 women of heathen lands, where the bright and morning Star 
 of Christianity does not shed its beneficent light. 
 
 MARGARET, DUCHESS OF ALENCON, Sister of 
 Francis I., of France: You ask me to do a very difficult 
 thing — 'to invent a diversion that will drive away ennui. I 
 have been seeking all my life to effect this, but I have found 
 only one remedy, which is reading the Holy Scriptures. 
 There I see and contemplate the will of God, which sent His 
 Son to us on earth to preach that Holy Word, and to an- 
 nounce the sweet tidings of salvation, and to Extinguish our 
 debts by giving His Son, who loved us and died for us. 
 
 MARGUERITE DE VALOIS, Queen of Navarre: 
 I love, but in the world no more, 
 
 Nor in gay liall or festal bower ; 
 Not the fair forms I prized before, 
 
 But Him, all wisdom, beauty, power, 
 My Saviour, who has cast a chain 
 On sin and ill and woe and pain ! 
 
542 
 
 A CLOUD OF WiTNEvSSES. 
 
 Lady Somerset. 
 
 Francis E. Willard. 
 
 MARY, Queen of Scots. — The following original verse 
 was repeated by the queen just before her execution : 
 
 In this last tremendous hour, 
 My L^ord ! my Saviour ! I invoke Thy power ; 
 In the sad pangs of anguish and of death, 
 Receive, O lyord, Thy suppliant's breath. 
 Before Thy hallowed cross she prostrate lies, 
 O hear her prayers ! commiserate her sighs ! 
 Extend the arms of mercy and of love, 
 And bear her to the peaceful realms above ! 
 
 MRS. WILLIAM MASON, Wife of the Senator from 
 Illinois: I do believe that Christianity is a powerful factor 
 in our civilization. I recognize, not only the Divinity of 
 Jesus Christ, but also the progressive incarnation of God in 
 the life of humanity. 
 
 MATILDA, of Scotland, Queen of Henry L : Praise and 
 blessing be to Thee, Almighty God, that Thou has been 
 pleased to make me endure so bitter anguish in the hour of 
 my departure, thereby, as I trust, to purify me in some 
 measure from the corruption of my sins. And Thou, O 
 Lord Jesus Christ, who, through the will of the Father, hast 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 543 
 
 given life to the world by Thy death, deliver me! — Her ex- 
 piring words on heariiig that her husband and son were slain 
 in battle, 
 
 ELIZABETH M. N. MEAD, President of Mount Hol-^ 
 yoke College: Christ is woman's best Friend, and the onl/ 
 Friend who can restore in time the Divine image lost by sin. 
 I subscribe to a firm belief in the Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 
 MRS. H. D. MONEY, Wife of the Senator from Mississip- 
 pi : God is my Father, Christ my Redeemer, and the Holy 
 Spirit my Comforter. I rejoice to be able to give my testi- 
 mony — and I speak from long experience — of the help and 
 strength I have received from my faith. 
 
 HANNAH MORE, English Authoress: Christianity 
 bears all the marks of a Divine original ; it came down from 
 heaven, and its gracious purpose is to carry us up hither. 
 Its Author is God; it was foretold by the beginning from 
 prophecies, which grew clearer and brighter, as they ap- 
 proached the period of their accomplishment. It was con- 
 firmed by miracles, which continued till the religion they 
 illustrated was established. It was ratified by the blood of 
 its. Author; its doctrines are pure, sublime, consistent; its 
 precepts holy and just ; its worship is spiritual ; its service 
 reasonable. Christ is our sanctification, as well as our re- 
 demption. 
 
 MADAME NECKER, Mother of Madame De Stael : I 
 live, it is true, in the midst of a great number of atheists, 
 but their arguments have never touched my mind, and if 
 they have at all come in contact with my heart, they have 
 only caused it to shudder with horror. ... I was pres- 
 ent at the death-bed of the well-known naturalist, Buffon, 
 and it was a great consolation to hear from his lips a firm 
 confession in Jesus Christ as the Divine Ssiviour—' See page 32- 
 
544 ^ CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Jean Mrs. Florence Harriet Madame 
 
 Ingelow. Browning. NigHtingale. B. Stowe. De Stael. 
 
 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE, English Philanthropist: 
 Christianity is to see God in everything in the order of His 
 laws, as of His moral and spiritual, so of His political or 
 social worlds. To Christ, God was everything, to us He is 
 the Divine Saviour. 
 
 MARGARET WILSON OLIPHANT, English Novelist : 
 When we descend the course of the ages and come to a still 
 more glorious history, it is Jerusalem still which is the scene 
 of tragedy and triumph, of the greatest and divinest Life 
 which was ever lived among men. 
 
 KATHERINE PARR, Sixth Queen of Henry VIII; 
 I expect you to study and apply those doctrines as a means 
 of attaining and settling forth the four Gospels, that it may 
 not be said against you in evidence at the tribunal of God 
 how you were ashamed of Christ's doctrines. 
 
 MRS. GEORGE C. PERKINS, Wife of the Senator 
 from California: Pure Christianity as taught by Jesus 
 Christ of Nazareth, Bethlehem, Gethsemane and Calvary I 
 believe in. When man learns to walk by the Light, then 
 will all these so-called mysteries be solved to his satisfaction. 
 
 MRS. EDMUND WINSTON PETTUS, Wife of the 
 Senator from Alabama: By the grace of God, I am a friend 
 to Christianity and a firm believer in the Lord Jesus Chirst 
 and His Divinity. 
 
 ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS, Authoress: Chris- 
 tianity is absolutely the strongest influence in civilizing hu- 
 manity. There is not a shadow of a doubt in my mind as 
 to the existence of God and the Divinity of Jesus Christ. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 545 
 
 MRS. LLBWBLI.YN POWERS, Wife of the Maine 
 Governor : The argument is sometimes advanced that civ- 
 ilization brought the world to its present state, but history 
 teaches us that civilization without God does not stand the 
 test of time. God the Father, God the Son, and God the 
 Holy Ghost, embrace my religious convictions. 
 
 MRS. W. A. POYNTER, Wife of the Nebraska Gov- 
 ernor: Christianity is the basis of the highest civilization 
 the world has ever seen. I believe most assuredly in God 
 the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Ghost. 
 
 ELIZABETH PRENTISS, Authoress: Dying grace is 
 not usually given till it is needed. Death to the disciple of 
 Jesus is only stepping from one room into another of our 
 Father's house. 
 
 MRS. JETER C. PRITCHARD,Wifeof the Senator from 
 North Carolina: I believe in Christianity as the best and 
 greatest good for all ; that the Christianity whose Author is 
 Divine can alone fully civilize man and fit him for two worlds. 
 
 ADELAIDE ANNE PROCTOR, English Poetess: 
 Somewhere in God's wide world, 
 Rest there must be. 
 Within thy Saviour's heart 
 
 Place all thy care, 
 And learn, O weary soul, 
 
 Thy rest is there. 
 
 QUEEN ALEXANDRA, Wife of Edward VII., King 
 of England and Ireland, and Emperor of India: My hus- 
 band being, thank God, somewhat better, I am coming to 
 church. I must leave, I fear, before the service is con- 
 cluded, that I may watch by his side. Can you not say a 
 few words of prayer in the early part of the service that I 
 may join with you in prayer in the name of our Redeemer 
 for my husband ? — To the Clergyman of the Church at Sand- 
 ringham. 
 
546 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 QUEEN ANNE, of Denmark: I renounce my own 
 merits, and only rely on my Saviour Christ, who has re- 
 deemed my soul and body. — Her Last Words, 
 
 QUEEN LOUISE, of Prussia, Wife of Friedrich Wil- 
 helm. — When dying, she murmured a few words of some 
 hymn learned in childhood, faintly thanking God for each 
 solace sent her. Her last words were: "I can never be 
 miserable while faith in God is open to me. Only death can 
 help me! Lord Jesus, shorten my life. 
 
 M 
 
 QUEEN-MOTHER, MARIE DE MEDICIS.— Written 
 from her sick bed to her daughter, Henrietta Marie, Queen 
 of England: "Never listen to, or suffer to be said in your 
 presence, ought in contradiction to your belief in God and 
 in His only Son, your Lord and Redeemer. 
 
 LADY RUSSELL, Wife of Lord William Russell, who 
 was executed (Testimony, page 387) : Believe the Word of 
 God, the Holy Scriptures! What most hinders faith is 
 ignorance of God's true nature. Look up to the firmament 
 and down to the deep, how can you doubt a Divine power? 
 In His Gospel the terrors of God's majesty are laid aside, 
 and He speaks in the still small and soft voice of His Son, 
 incarnate, the fountain and spring whence flow gladness. — 
 To her son^ second Duke of Bedford. 
 
 CHRISTINA GEORGINA ROSSETTI, Italian Poetess: 
 
 Thee did nails grave upon thy hands; Thy name 
 Did thorns for frontlets stamp between mine eyes ; 
 
 I, Holy One, put on Thy guilt and shame; 
 I, God, Priest, Sacrifice. 
 
 MARGARET E. SANGSTER, Authoress: Christianity 
 is the most vitalizing force in Christendom to-day. With all 
 my heart I believe it is a potent influence in our civilization. 
 I believe in God the Father, and in Jesus Christ His only 
 Son, our Lord. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 547 
 
 MRS. MAY WRIGHT SEVVAI.L, President Interna- 
 tional Council of Women: I believe in Christianity, in the 
 wisdom, the righteousness, the helpfulness of the teachings 
 of Christ. The teachings of our Saviour have had a power- 
 ful influence in subduing and purifying the human heart. 
 I believe in the Divinity of Christ. 
 
 MRS. LYDIA H. SIGOURNEY, Authoress: 
 
 The torch, the flashing sword, the traitor's kiss, 
 The astonished angel with the tear of Heaven 
 Upon His cheek, still striving to assuage 
 Those fearful pangs that bowed the Son of God 
 lyike a bruised reed. Thou who hast power to look 
 Thus at GethvSeraane, be still, be still ! 
 Who agonizeth there ? Count thy brief pains 
 As the dust atom on life's chariot wheels, 
 And in a Saviour's grief forget them all ! 
 
 ELIZA ROGERS SIGSBEE, Wife of Captain Sigsbee, 
 of the ill-fated Maine: I believe that Jesus Christ is *'God 
 manifest in the flesh," and "in Him is all the fullness of 
 the Godhead bodily." The Word of God contains all that 
 is necessary for the elevation of the individual and nation. 
 
 MRS. CHARLES E. SMITH, Wife of the Postmaster- 
 General : God is our Father. It should not be possible to 
 be other than His friend. I believe that Christianity is a 
 masterful influence in civilizing humanity. The highest civil- 
 ization of ancient times fell through the want of it. "Happy 
 are the nations whose God is the Lord. " My belief extends 
 to the recognition of a Supreme Being and the Divinity of 
 Jesus Christ. 
 
 MRS. EDWARD C. SMITH, Wife of the Vermont Gov- 
 ernor : The teachings of Christ will go on civilizing and 
 Christianizing until at last "every knee shall bow and every 
 tongue confess He is Lord of lords." "For there is one God 
 and one Mediator between God and man, the man Christ 
 Jesus." 
 
548 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 LADY HENRY SOMERSET, President World's Chris- 
 tian Temperance Union: Christianity and its Book have 
 everything to hope; for even as the plains, the tablelands, 
 the foothills, the mountain ranges, all conduct alike slowly 
 ascending to the loftiest peak of the Himalayas, so do all 
 views of God tend toward and culminate in the character, 
 the life, and work of our Saviour who said: *'And I, if I be 
 lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto Me." 
 
 MRS. JOHN SPOONER, Wife of the Senator from 
 Wisconsin: The influence of Christianity is beneficent; it 
 gives hope to the hopeless, and above all, it makes men and 
 women truly gentle and charitable. I believe in God, and 
 in His Son, Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world. 
 
 MRS. LELAND STANFORD, Founder, with her hus- 
 band, of the Leland Stanford, Jr., University, after her re- 
 turn from Egypt, said: Only Christianity, I believe, will 
 save that country and elevate its womanhood, as it has other 
 nations of the world. For the university I desire, above all 
 things, that no student receive a godless education. I de-. 
 sire that the Divine precepts which our Saviour gave us 
 when He lived on earth be taught. 
 
 LILIAN M. N. STEVENS, President of the National 
 W. C. T. U. : The great reform and philanthropic move- 
 ments of today are the outcome of Christ's Gospel of love, 
 peace and righteousness. The civilizing influence of the 
 life and teachings of our Redeemer must be manifest to all 
 fair-minded people. 
 
 MRS. WILLIAM STEWART, Wife of the Senator from 
 Nevada: No thinking being, who studies Nature, can fail 
 to believe in God, as I do most firmly. I believe in the Di- 
 vinity of Jesus Christ. How could I do otherwise, for to 
 this teaching women owe their lofty position which they 
 hold to-day in the Christian world. 
 
WIVES OF UNITED STATES SENATORS. 
 
 Mrs. F. E. Warren, Wyoming ; Mrs. R. B. Kenney, Delaware ; Mrs. J. C. Burrows, 
 Michigan ; Mrs. H. D. Money, Mississippi ; Mrs. N. B. Scott, West Virginia ; Mrs! 
 P. J. McCumber, North Dakota ; Mrs. G. Turner, Washington ; Mrs. H. C.'nans- 
 brough. North Dakota; Mrs.W. E. Mason, Illinois ; Mrs. C. W. Fairbanks, Indiana; 
 Mrs. E. W. Pettus, Alabama ; Mrs. S. B. Elkins, West Virginia ; Mrs. J. C. Spooner,' 
 Wisconsin ; Mrs. J. L. McLauren, South Carolina ; Mrs. M. A. Hanna, Ohio ; Mrs! 
 W. P. Frye. Maine ; Mrs. W. J. Deboe, Kentucky ; Mrs. A. G. Foster, Washington. 
 
UrJIVERSITY 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 549 
 
 LUCY STONE, Reformer: I find comfort and joy that 
 Paul himself wrote to the Galatians: "There is neither 
 bond nor free, there is neither male nor female; for ye are 
 all one in Christ Jesus. ' ' 
 
 MRS. WIIvIvIAM A. STONE, Wife of the Pennsylvania 
 Governor : The teachings of Christianity have brought into 
 existence the hospital and homes for the poor, and taught 
 man to love his fellow-man. My belief recognizes the Di- 
 vinity of God, His Son, and the Holy Spirit. 
 
 HARRIET BEECHER STOWE, Authoress: It seems 
 to me, I never saw so much beauty in everything before. 
 Everything is changed, and it is the beauty of Christ that 
 has changed it. You know I have always loved beauty 
 above all things in music, in nature, in art and in flowers, 
 but it seems to me that I see something in my risen Saviour 
 more beautiful than all; all things else are shadows of 
 beauty, but He is the substance. The Bible, too, has 
 grown so beautiful to me. Its words are full of the richest, 
 divinest meaning to me. There is no such thing as dying, 
 — it is only going out of one room into another. 
 
 MRS. EMMA T. THOMAS, Wife of the Colorado Gov- 
 ernor: My belief in God the Father, and in Jesus Christ 
 the Son, is as immovable as the everlasting hills of our beau- 
 tiful Centennial State. 
 
 MRS. HANNAH VAN BUREN, Wife of President 
 Van Buren : My children, I am about to die. I give you 
 my dying counsel and blessing, and bid you farewell, com- 
 mitting myself to the mercy of my Saviour in whom I trust. 
 
 MRS. LEW WALLACE, Wife of the Author and Gen- 
 eral : I do not know whether the nightingale nested among 
 them in our Saviour's time, but I do know that the Syrian 
 bulbul (nightingale) has the loveliest voice of all God's 
 creatures. Perhaps this was the gentle bird that sat in the 
 
550 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 olive trees in the garden of Joseph of Arimathea, and the 
 night before the resurrection through the darkness poured 
 out her soul in the sorrowful plaint above the still sleeper in 
 the new tomb. It may be that He heard the wonderful strain 
 as she watched for the bright and morning star, and the 
 coming of the angels to roll away the stone and salute our 
 Risen Lord. 
 
 LILLIAN WHITING, Authoress: "Our life 'is hid 
 with Christ in God." That is, our real life is largely lived 
 in the unseen world, and the more one is able to draw upon 
 his spiritual power, the finer and more important are his 
 achievements. 
 
 ELLA WHEELER WILCOX, Authoress and Poetess: 
 
 When I am weak, and desolate, and lonely. 
 
 And prone to follow wrong. 
 Not thou, O Science — Christ, my Saviour 
 
 Can make me strong. 
 
 MARY E. WILKINS, Authoress: May we all *'come 
 in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of 
 God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of 
 the fullness of Christ." (Ephesians 4:13.) 
 
 FRANCIS E. WILLARD, Temperance Reformer: Only 
 the Golden Rule of Christ can bring the Golden Age of man. 
 . There is for me no final rest, except as I translate 
 the concept of God into the nomenclature and personality of 
 the New Testament. . . . Born of a Christian race, 
 bred in a Christian home, I dedicated myself anew that day 
 to my Saviour and His Gospel. . . . Christ alone brought 
 to the world emancipating truth ; He is the universal solvent ; 
 the searchlight of the mind and the dynamo of that love 
 which is the only inexorable force on earth. ... I 
 have always believed in Christ; He is the incarnation of 
 God. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 55I 
 
 QUEEN VICTORIA, late Queen of Great Britain and 
 Empress of India: "If I did not know how to cast my bur- 
 dens day by day upon my Saviour they would be too heavy 
 for me. ' ' 
 
 The Mausoleum at Frogmore was built by the Queen as 
 a place of sepulture for the Prince-Consort and herself. She 
 had this inscription engraved on the sarcophagus: 
 
 Farewell, Beloved ! 
 Here at last I shall 
 Rest with Thee. 
 With Thee in Christ 
 Shall rise again ! 
 
 A royal princess visited a humble cottage at Windsor to 
 look at some rare flowers. Hearing from the daughter that 
 her mother was ill, she went in to see her. The next day the 
 royal carriage drove up, and Queen Victoria alighted. *'0f 
 course," said the daughter, "we were greatly flurried, but 
 the Queen exclaimed: * Don't be put out. I have come not 
 as a Queen, but as a Christian lady. Have you a Bible?' 
 She was given one, and continued: *I have heard of your 
 illness and have come to comfort you!' She took mother's 
 wasted hand in hers, and said : ' Put your trust in Jesus, and 
 you will soon be in a land where there is no more pain. You 
 are a widow; so am I; we shall soon meet our loved ones!' 
 She then read the fourteenth chapter of John, arid knelt on 
 the floor and prayed. The Queen visited my mother once or 
 twice a week, and always read the Word of God and prayed." 
 
 Note.— Mrs. William B. Bate, Tennessee ; Mrs. Julius C. Burrows, Mich- 
 igan ; Mrs. Clarence D. Clark, Wyoming ; Mrs. Shelby M. Culloni, Illinois; 
 Mrs. Stephen B. Elkius,West Virginia ; Mrs. Charles W. Fairbank, Indiana; 
 Mrs. Addison G. Foster, Washington; Mrs. William P. Frye, Maine; Mrs. 
 J. H. Gallinger, New Hampshire ; Mrs. H. C. Hansbrough, North Dakota ; 
 Mrs. Matthew S. Quay, Pennsylvania; Mrs. Francis E. Warren, Wyoming 
 and Mrs. George P. Wetmore, wives of United States Senators, were among 
 those who replied affirmatively to the interrogations propounded by The 
 Christian Herald in its Easter issue of 1900, and which may be found in 
 connection with Miss Helen Gould's affirmation, page 535. 
 
Every evening at sunset, " Ye shepherds praise the Lord," was repeated from cliff to cliff, 
 until every voice joined in the chorus. 
 
 c^RAISE ye the Lord who made us and gave us 
 ^ Our glorious mountain-land ! 
 With the bread of life He feeds us 
 Enlightened by His Word. - Beatiie. 
 
 ^ THE vSHEPHERD'S BIBLE IN LIFE AND DEATH. 
 
 WND Thou Father hast spread 
 ^^ Before men's eyes this Charter of the free, 
 That all the Book might read, 
 
 And Justice love, and truth and liberty.— A'zV^?//. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 553 
 
 2v. 
 
 THE CLOSING ARGUMENT. 
 
 ^^ ^_ 
 
 i^ 
 
 It has been the aim of the Author thus far to 
 produce cu^nulative^ reliable and condensed evidence 
 to the divinity of Jesus Christ and the Holy Scrip- 
 tures. A thousand or more Witnesses have little 
 room in less than six Jmndred pages ''to give a 
 REASON of the hope that is in them.'' For the 
 benefit^ therefore, of those who may prefer the forum 
 to the witness stand unanswerable Argumejtts by a 
 representative of the Legal prof essioji are hitroduced 
 in these coitcluding pages. 
 
 ^ 
 
 7C 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^? 
 
 THE DIVINITY OF JESUS CHRIST FROM THE 
 STANDPOINT OF A LAWYER. 
 
 DANIEL WOLSEY VOORHEES, 
 
 Thirty Years in Congress and Senate. 
 (1827-1897. ) 
 
 ^T was in the high noontide of 
 the most enlightened and 
 most powerful period in Ro- 
 man history on the one hand, 
 
 and in the midst of the great and 
 
 intellectual race that produced Mo- 
 ses and the prophets on the other, 
 
 that He who was proclaimed the 
 
 Messiah appeared. The stage on 
 
 which He opened His mission was 
 
 blazing with the searchlights of 
 
 more than electric power, and was 
 
554 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 presided over by the very genius of learned controversy. He 
 faced an intensely critical world as His audience, and in ex- 
 plicit tones declared His Divine right to govern the hearts 
 and homes of the human race. 
 
 The enemies of the Christian religion, from the days of 
 the Pharisees to the present, have held that His claims were 
 spurious, His birth, life, teachings, works and character not 
 truly given by the evangelists; that nothing miraculous took 
 place in His career; that He was not Divine, never wrought 
 a miracle; that His associates, those who believed His words 
 and embraced His doctrines, were grossly deceived ; that the 
 minds of men were so benighted at that time that His fraud- 
 ulent pretensions could not be detected and exposed. We 
 may admit that if His advent had taken place in some ob- 
 scure part of the earth, su<rrounded by midnight mystery and 
 by savage tribes steeped in ignorance, indifferent to events, 
 without motive for investigation, these points of objection 
 would be entitled to more weight than has been conceded. 
 
 But He came not in secret nor by stealth. The star of 
 Bethlehem did not shine in a dark place. Even the "shep- 
 herds abiding in the field, keeping watch over the flocks by 
 
 Note. — The following named United States Senators and members 
 of the Cabinet earnestly requested Senator Voorhees, in a letter dated 
 Washington, D. C, January 9, 1897, to deliver the Address which is 
 produced here in part: Charles J. Faulkner, William V. Allen, John 
 Sherman, Francis M. Cockrell, George W. McBride, Knute Nelson, 
 Lncien Baker, Matthew S. Quay, George C. Perkins, Lee Mantle, 
 WiUiam P. Frye, George F. Hoar. Eugene Hale, Orville H. Piatt, Wil- 
 liam E. Chandler, William A. PefFer, Clarence D. Clark, Julius C. 
 Burrows, William M. Roach, Edward Murphy, Roger Q. Mills, George 
 G. Vest, John Iv. Wilson, James H. Berry, David Turpie, Cushman K. 
 Davis, John B. Gordon, Wilkinson Call, David B. HUl, Horace Chilton. 
 Thomas S. Martin, Ishani G. Harris, Justin S. Morrill, William F. 
 Vilas, Arthur P. Gorham, John T. Morgan, James K. Jones, James L. 
 Pugh, John W. Daniel, Charles H. Gibson, Stephen M. White, Calvin 
 S. Brice, Joseph C. S. Blackburn, William R. Allison, Shelby M. Cul- 
 lom and James Z. George. . . . Richard Olney, J. G. Carlisle, 
 David Lamont Judson Harmon, David R. Francis, Sterling Morton, 
 William L. Wilson and Hilary A. Herbert. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 555 
 
 night," who saw strange lights in the sky, were not shrunk 
 in mental darkness. They were so well informed in the 
 prophecies of their own country that when they saw the 
 heavens in a blaze of glory and heard the tidings of great joy 
 they at once arose, saying: '*Let us now go even unto Beth- 
 lehem and see this thing which is come to pass, which the 
 Lord hath made known to us." Nor was the little town 
 itself, where the decrees of Csesar Augustus had called the 
 Hebrew subjects together to be taxed, and where the long- 
 foretold birth took place, located in a hidden, out-of-the-way 
 corner of the world. It was not a place where conspirators 
 could safely lay a deep, criminal plot for the consummation 
 of an appalling, never-ending fraud. On the contrary, one 
 of the prophets, in his writings, which had been familiar for 
 a thousand years to Hebrew people, thus designated the birth- 
 place of Jesus of Nazareth : 
 
 *'And thou Bethlehem, in the land of Juda, art not the 
 least among the princes of Juda, for out of thee shall come a 
 Governor who shall rule my people, Israel." 
 
 But it is sometimes insisted that the birth of Christ, fore- 
 told and expected as it was, presented nothing so startling to 
 the powers and interests of the world at that time as to beget 
 any wide-spreading concern or to excite any immediate and 
 activ^e inquiry. The moment, however, His claims and doc- 
 trines were announced it was apparent at a glance that they 
 were those of an omnipotent God, or of a daring imposter. 
 He occupied no middle'ground, admitted no compromise. To 
 all people of Israel His kingdom meant an ecclesiastical revo- 
 lution of the most sweeping character; and to all other prov- 
 inces of Rome it meant the overthrow of every altar and 
 temple, of every oracle and god in all the boundaries of that 
 vast pagan empire. 
 
 Can it be regarded as incredible, therefore, that Herod the 
 Great, an ambitious, blood-thirsty man, king of Judea under 
 Rome, upon hearing that a prince with such revolutionary 
 designs was newly born in one of his towns, should promptly 
 act, and in all his wrath slay "all the children that were in 
 
556 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old 
 and under," in his fierce desire to destroy a pretender, a rival, 
 as he thought, to his throne? 
 
 Pontius Pilate, whose birthplace, lineage and early history 
 are unknown even to this hour, became the Roman procurator 
 of Judea when Jesus of Nazareth was in His twenty-sixth 
 year. He held this great power ten years, was then removed 
 and banished by Caligula to Gaul. 
 
 In speaking of this rule of Herod and Pontius Pilate over 
 Judea at the time Christ was born, and of His death, I do so 
 for the purpose of making plain the fact that the government 
 of Rome was necessarily fully informed by its eager and sub- 
 servient vicegerents of Jerusalem, not only of all their official 
 acts, but also of everything of importance taking place. In 
 the face of these facts of history, who will contend that the 
 birth of an alleged prince of the lineage of the house of David, 
 His growth to manhood and His tragic execution for sedition 
 by order of a Roman magistrate, were unknown, or could 
 possibly have been matters of indifference to the rulers and 
 people of Rome? 
 
 On the contrary, Tacitus, the greatest and most reliable of 
 all pagan historians, writing in the latter part of the first 
 century, in regard to the great fire which raged at Rome in 
 the reign of Nero and within thirty years after the death of 
 the Saviour, makes an awful record of the knowledge which 
 the Roman people had of Christ and His followers. Then 
 in his famous Annals, in graphic language and in bitter 
 hostility to the Christian religion, speaking from a pagan 
 standpoint, Tacitus says : 
 
 "To get rid of the report, Nero fastened the guilt, and 
 inflicted the most exquisite tortures, on a class hated for their 
 abominations, called Christians by the populace. Christus, 
 from whom the name had its origin, suffered the extreme 
 penalty during the reign of Tiberius, at the hands of one of 
 ,our procurators, Pontius Pilate, and a most mischievous super- 
 stition, thus checked for the moment, again broke out, not 
 only in Judea, the first source of the evil, but even in Rome, 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 557 
 
 where all things hideous from every part of the world find 
 their center. Accordingly an arrest was first made of all who 
 plead guilty ; then upon their information an immense multi- 
 tude was convicted, not so much for the crime of firing the 
 city, as of hatred to mankind. Covered with the skins of 
 beasts, they were torn by dogs and perished, or were nailed 
 to crosses, or were doomed to the flames and burned. Nero 
 offered his gardens for the spectacle and exhibited a show in 
 the circus, while he mingled with the people dressed as a 
 charioteer. Hence, even for criminals who deserved extreme 
 punishment, there arose a feeling of compassion ; it was not 
 for the public good, but to glut one man's cruelty, that they 
 were destroyed.'* 
 
 Of this "immense multitude" thus horribly massacred, 
 hundreds, perhaps thousands, were contemporary with the 
 Saviour and His apostles ; some among them may have heard 
 thirty years before the Sermon on the Mount, or witnessed 
 the erection of the cross on Calvary ; all of them were doubt- 
 less familiar with the subsequent preaching of Peter and Paul. 
 
 Nothing could more conclusively show the familiarity of 
 the pagan world with the existence of Christ, and with the 
 origin of Christianity, or demonstrated more forcibly the 
 rapidity with which the Christian faith made its way in the 
 face of obliquy, torture and death, than this great historical 
 fact, obtained not from sacred writings, not from friends, but 
 from the enemies of Christianity. 
 
 It is one of the well-known assertions of infidel thinkers 
 and debaters that the existence, the career, the teachings of 
 the Messiah, as foretold by the prophets, and as recorded by 
 His disciples, were not known at the time they were said to 
 have occurred ; that the writings of the evangelists came 
 afterwards and are mere fabrications, not corroborated by 
 disinterested historians. Not only Tacitus refutes this un- 
 warranted assumption, but the most illustrious historian of 
 the Jews themselves does the same. 
 
 Josephus was born four years after the crucifixion. In his 
 childhood he listened to his parents as they told the marve' 
 
55^ A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ous things they had witnessed. He visitea Rome when he 
 was twenty-three years old and while Nero was on the throne. 
 He wrote a history of his people, of their wars, victories and 
 defeats. In arranging the events which marked the ten years' 
 procuratorship of Pontius Pilate, Josephus says : 
 
 "Now there was about this time, Jesus, a wise man, if it 
 be lawful to call him a man, for he was a doer of wonderful 
 works, a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleas- 
 ure. He drew over to him many of the Jews, and many of 
 the Gentiles. He was the Christ. And when Pilate, at the 
 suggestion of the principal men among us, had condemned 
 him to the cross, those that loved him at the first did not 
 forsake him ; for he appeared to them alive again the third 
 day, as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thou- 
 sand other wonderful things concerning him. And Chris- 
 tians, so named from him, are not extinct at this day.'* 
 
 This famous passage, it is true, has been denounced as a 
 forgery; only, however, by those who also denounce every 
 other proof that Christ was the Messiah ; while, on the other 
 hand, the most learned and impartial students and critics, by 
 a concensus of opinion, now hold this testimony of the great 
 Hebrew historian as genuine. 
 
 And it may be further noted that wherever the light of 
 Christianity has penetrated, in every age and clime, there the 
 enemies of the Messiah have followed with unceasing and 
 persistent efforts to obliterate and nullify every record of His 
 mission and individuality; to obscure His personal identity; 
 to discredit and impugn as a forger and falsifier every writer, 
 sacred or profane, who bears testimony to the truth and integ-^ 
 rity of His character; to bedim the great fact of His presence 
 on earth by declaring Him a myth, fraudulent invention, 
 foisted by criminal conspirators, with the apostles and the 
 evangelists at their head, on the blind and stupid faith of the 
 world. 
 
 Such has been the dismal and barren mission of the leaders 
 of the anti-Christian thought of the world during all the ages 
 this side of Calvary. And with what result? As well might 
 
A CLOUD OK WITNESSES. 559 
 
 mortal man stretch forth his puny arm toward the sky and 
 seek to quench its eternal fires as to attempt to blot out or 
 darken the figure of the Son of Man as He stands, in the 
 deathless splendor of His power and mercy, on the pages of 
 authentic history. 
 
 In approaching this point, however, a closer look at the 
 circumstances immediately connected with the opening of the 
 Messiah's active mission, we find that within themselves and 
 in all the details they were of a character to arrest the startled 
 attention of the world then looking on. The establishment 
 of a new kingdom was announced, but not according to 
 human methods, not by military force and pomp ; a new and 
 mighty ruler, a prince of more than royal blood, was declared, 
 but not by the inspiring strains of martial music, not by high 
 Stewarts and lord chamberlains. No brilliant procession in 
 cloth and gold, decorated with stars and garters, heralded His 
 coming, no plumed knight, with armor and visors down, pro- 
 claimed Him. And yet never before nor since has the right 
 of a monarch to a throne been announced by herald with 
 commission so high and authority so great as he who on the 
 plains of Palestine summoned the world's allegiance to Jesus- 
 of Nazareth : 
 
 "In those days came John the Baf)tist, preaching in the 
 wilderness of Judea. And saying, repent ye, for the king- 
 dom of heaven is at hand. For this is He that was spoken 
 of by the prophet Esaias, saying: 'The voice of one crying 
 in the wilderness. Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his 
 paths straight.' And the same John had his raiment of 
 camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins; and his 
 meat was locust and wild honey." 
 
 This hermit of the wilderness, living the hard life of an 
 anchorite and waiting for the fullness of time when his conse- 
 crated voice was to be heard, was a close student of the 
 prophets. Instructed by prophetic light, he knew he was 
 chosen from his birth to proclaim the coming of the Messiah, 
 and as he emerged from the desert and showed himself to 
 Israel he cried out : 
 
560 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ** There cometh One mightier than I after me, the latchet 
 of whose shoes I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose." 
 
 And then on the banks of the Jordan ensued that meeting 
 between the Messiah and his desert-trained forerunner, on 
 which all the centuries since have intently gazed ; it was no 
 obscure place ; they met in the presence of curious multitudes 
 who had gone out from Jerusalem and Judea and all the 
 regions round about. It is recorded as an incident of this 
 meeting "that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee and was 
 baptized of John in the Jordan." And it may be taken as 
 the distinct verdict of history, whether written in the light 
 of Christian faith or in pagan unbelief, that from that spot of 
 earth, and by virtue of the revelations there made and the 
 principles there inculcated, the world has been governed 
 through all the centuries since, and has gathered into its 
 history all that has been known for nearly two thousand years 
 of civilization, moral progress and glory. At the name of 
 Him who was there from Nazareth more heads have bowed, 
 more knees have bent, than all the crowned monarchs of 
 earth put together since the beginning of time. 
 
 And yet never came a claimant to a throne, the most insig- 
 nificant, with an appearance so powerless, so destitute of rank, 
 :SO lowly in demeanor, so salutary in His understanding. On 
 foot and alone, so far as mortal eye could see, He met the 
 herald of His kingdom, clothed in skins and fresh from the 
 wilderness and the desert. 
 
 In the selection of the apostolic twelve He called no one 
 of family distinction, no leader of society, no president of a 
 bank, no head of a corporation, no speculator in gold reserves, 
 no money changer from the temple, no broker from the stock 
 market, no millionaire from the Wall Street of Jerusalem. 
 
 Matthew, the first evangelist, and prominent as an apostle, 
 was a subordinate tax collector, a small official position. 
 John, the best beloved of them all, author of the fourth gospel, 
 the three epistles that bear his name and the Book of Reve- 
 lation, was called, with his brother James, from a fishing 
 boat, where they were plying their vocation. 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 561 
 
 No humbler people have ever been known than those who 
 shift and loiter and tent along the waterways of a country, 
 and catch and sell fish for a living, and yet seven of the 
 original apostolic twelve were chosen from this lowly pursuit 
 — far below the pale of social recognition, out of the reach of 
 the schools and utterly destitute of influence in the affairs of 
 this world. Peter, in many respects, was the strongest of all 
 the apostles. By nature impetuous, he committed grave 
 faults and was gravely rebuked, but when the crucifixion of 
 his Lord and the day of Pentecost, with its tongues of fire 
 and its baptism of the Holy Spirit, had launched him directly 
 into the work, his unfaltering courage, his burning eloquence 
 speedily made him a great leader in the foremost rank of the 
 Christian world. 
 
 And whence came this man whose name will live in more 
 than earthly splendor until the light of the sun itself shall go 
 out in eternal night? Had he a proud birthright, a lofty 
 lineage, a rich domain inherited from noble ancestors? The 
 answer to these questions is very simple and well known : 
 
 "And Jesus walking by the Sea of Galilee saw two breth- 
 ren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew, his brother, casting a 
 net into the sea, for they were fishers. And He saith unto 
 them, follow Me, and I will make you fishers of men. And 
 they straightway left their nets and followed Him." 
 
 Not a question was asked as to their qualifications, their 
 education, their personal history; no civil service commission 
 was appointed to ascertain whether these two unknown, 
 weatherbeaten men from Bethsaida, stained and soiled by 
 their occupation, could even read or write. Indeed, it is 
 manifest to every unbiased mind that the Messiah purposely 
 and conspicuously notified the world at that time and the 
 ages that were to come that He relied not in the slightest 
 degree for the success of His mission and the establishment 
 of His kingdom on earthly rank, intellectual distinction, 
 hereditary greatness, or on any of the well-known agencies 
 which human power employs to accomplish its purposes. 
 Nor can it be overlooked in this important connection that 
 
5^2 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 He who summoned these uneducated men to His side was 
 never Himself the recipient of a single page of human learn- 
 ing. There is no record of a day ever spent by the Messiah 
 in the schools or the colleges. On the contrary, He has made 
 it clear that He never listened to tutors or professors. When 
 He taught in the temple during the feast of the tabernacles 
 there were those standing near Him who had come up, as He 
 had, from Galilee, and who had known Him from His child- 
 hood. They had seen him daily in their midst, never in the 
 schoolroom, never instructed by teachers. When, therefore, 
 they heard for the first time His majestic sentences ring out 
 on His startled audience they greatly marveled among 
 themselves, and finally one of them cried out : "How knoweth 
 this man letters, having never learned?" His reply was 
 decisive: "My doctrine is not mine, but His that sent Me." 
 
 And now, at this point and in view of the results which 
 have followed, how stands the contention that He possessed 
 only natural powers and human agencies; that He was 
 of none other than human origin ; that He had nothing to 
 transmit except human influences and human methods for the 
 accomplishment of the vast events foretold and which have 
 vcome to pass; that His obscure apostles received from Him 
 nothing supernatural, nothing miraculous, nothing more of 
 power to execute His will and to carry out His purposes than 
 one man dying in abject poverty and in deep, overwhelming 
 popular disgrace could bestow to others in the same condition? 
 
 I appeal on this subject to cool, logical reason, and not to 
 emotional faith, however beautiful that may be. He died 
 the death of a degraded malefactor under the laws of Rome. 
 On the dreadful day of Calvary His grief-stricken, terrified 
 disciples gazed from a distance on the ruthless executioners 
 at their bloody work. Never has leader among men at the 
 close of a disastrous career fallen so low as He appeared to 
 be ; so destitute of support, so despised, so mocked and reviled 
 by the base rabble; and yet all the blood-stained conquerors 
 of earth put together, all the Alexanders, Hannibals, Caesars 
 and Napoleons combined, at their zenith could not have 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 563 
 
 transmitted to posterity by a joint will an estate of the value 
 of a speck of dust, a worthless mote in the air, in comparison 
 with the estate of unending glory bequeathed by Him in His 
 last will and testament to the nations and to the ages. Even 
 the crown of thorns, placed in derision on His bleeding brow, 
 has been an emblem more sacred and of greater authority from 
 that hour than all the crowns blazing with diamonds and 
 precious stones ever worn by the proudest monarchs of earth. 
 
 How marvelous, therefore, that intelligent beings can be 
 found to contend that such a character and such a history 
 represents only natural results springing from natural causes ; 
 that the far-reaching, imperishable consequences of the Mes- 
 siah's brief life and degrading death in the company of thieves 
 are to be ascribed to nothing higher than weak, wayward 
 human nature alone and unaided! The old-fashioned, well- 
 understood connection between cause and effect under natural 
 laws plainly and forever determines this question. It is not 
 difficult to believe that such powers as Christ displayed were 
 superhuman, while it is wholly impossible to credit them to 
 mortal man. Reason, therefore, dispassionate reason, alone 
 independent of religious faith, must decide that the Author 
 of Christianity was Divine; His teachings of an origin higher 
 than earth and His Doctrines those of an omnipotent God 
 and a merciful Redeemer of the world. 
 
 When the meeting between the Master and His forerunner 
 at the Jordan was over their interview ended, each went 
 his appointed way, Jesus to endure His fast and His tempta- 
 tion in the wilderness, John to prison and to death. They 
 parted to meet no more beneath the sun^ and they had com- 
 munication with each other, even at a distance, but once on 
 the shore of time. That single instance, however, is so full of 
 proof, so convincing in argument, and throws a light so clear 
 and conclusive, that it can not be ignored in discussing the 
 divinity of the Messiah. 
 
 John was deeply versed in the prophecies, and knew famil- 
 iarly what works were foretold to take place at Christ's com- 
 ing; the miracles of love and mercy would signify His pres- 
 
564 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 ence on earth. He himself had witnessed some of these 
 manifestations of divine power and was satisfied ; but now, 
 in the gloomy depths of Herod's prison and in the wierd and 
 desolate air of captivity, he longed to be reassured by Him 
 who spake as never man spake. 
 
 '* And John calling unto him two of his disciples sent them 
 to Jesus, saying, art Thou He that should come, or look we 
 for another? When the men were come unto him they said, 
 John Baptist hath sent us unto Thee saying, art Thou He 
 that should come, or look we for another? 
 
 **And in that same hour He cured many of their infirmities 
 and plagues and of evil spirits; and unto them that were 
 blind He gave sight. 
 
 "Then Jesus answering said unto them, go your way, and 
 tell John what things ye have seen and heard ; how that the 
 blind see, the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, the deaf 
 hear, the dead are raised, to the poor the Gospel is preached." 
 
 This answer was enough ; it needed no interpreter to the 
 well-instructed mind of John. The answer of the Saviour 
 could have been simply yea or nay, but He chose to give the 
 facts themselves in proof, on which not only John, but all 
 the ages, might judge and reach a conclusion. 
 
 It will not do to rest in the faith so often asserted that 
 Jesus of Nazareth was merely a great, wise and good man, 
 working as other man have worked for the reformation of the 
 world. It was in reply to the direct question whether He 
 was the One who should come, the promised and anointed 
 One, the Christ,- or whether another was to be looked for, that 
 He cited the deeds which John's disciples saw Him perform 
 as an evidence, according to the prophets, that the Messiah 
 had come. He was either the Messiah or He was an untruth- 
 ful pretender. By no possibility could He have been a good 
 man and no more. He was what He claimed to be, or He 
 was a criminal conspirator, a dishonest leader of the people. 
 
 Shortly after His final message, however, to John He again 
 spoke, and this time still more directly on the question of His 
 identity. At Csesarea Philippi He asked His disciples say- 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 565 
 
 ing, "Whom do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?" and 
 the answer was : ' ' Some say that Thou art John the Baptist, 
 some Elias, and others Jeremiah, or one of the prophets." 
 After hearing their report of what others said, Jesus put the 
 question direct : "But whom say ye that lam?" The im- 
 mortal response was instantaneous: "And Simon Peter an- 
 swered and said. Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living 
 God." If Jesus had been no more than mortal man, wise 
 and good, He would, without a moment's delay, have cor- 
 rected Peter's mistake ; He would have left no such erroneous 
 record uncontradicted. On the contrary, however. He per- 
 ceived that to this unlettered fisherman, fresh from his boat 
 and nets, had been given a correct knowledge of the mighty 
 truth. 
 
 "And He answered and said unto him, blessed art thou, 
 Simon Bar-Jona, for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto 
 thee, but my Father which is in heaven. And I say also 
 unto thee that thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build 
 my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." 
 
 In this brief, imperishable interview with His disciples 
 Jesus spoke without reserve as a witness to His own divinity, 
 and His powerful words have rung through all the centuries. 
 He spoke not in argument to Peter as He did to John. To 
 Peter, unlearned in books, not knowing the prophecies. He 
 spoke simply in strong, positive affirmation that He was the 
 Christ, the Son of the living God. He left nothing to infer- 
 ence or construction. 
 
 In passing upon the evidence here and elsewhere by our 
 Saviour Himself as to His origin and identity, the controlling 
 point in the mind of a lawyer trained in the courts is neces- 
 sarily His own credibility as a witness. He spoke often and 
 explicitly on this subject and to various persons. To the 
 Samaritan woman at Jacob's well ; to the blind man whose 
 sight He restored at the pool of Siloam ; at the feast of the 
 dedication, and repeatedly at other times and places, and to 
 other persons He avowed Himself the Christ. He sanctioned 
 the faith of Martha as He approached the grave of Lazarus 
 
^66 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 and bade the dead come forth. Not a day seems to have 
 passed during is ministry on earth that He did not boldly and 
 distinctly testify to the same great fact. He declared, indeed, 
 as recorded by John, that He was One who bore witness of 
 Himself. Did He speak the truth? If He did not bear false 
 witness in the face of heaven and earth then all the infidel 
 advocates of all time, however able and eloquent, and they 
 are exceedingly few, must stand defeated at the bar of judg- 
 ment here and of judgment hereafter. 
 
 And who rises here or elsewhere throughout the broad earth 
 to impeach the veracity of Him who delivered the Sermon on 
 the Mount? Who comes forward to assert that the Lord's 
 Prayer was dictated by lips stained with falsehood and steeped 
 in false pretenses? What lawyer can be found, whatever his 
 creed of faith, or of no faith, who will make such an issue in 
 court in the trial of a cause and there undertake to prove that 
 the reputation of Jesus of Nazareth for truth is not good ; 
 that what he said of Himself, even of His own personal iden- 
 tity, is unworthy of belief? 
 
 I have appeared as counsel in the courts of more states than 
 first composed the American Union, and I have met in trials 
 before courts and juries Abraham Lincoln, Thomas A. Hen- 
 dricks, Benjamin Harrison, John G. Carlisle, Matthew H. 
 Carpenter, Jeremiah S. Black, and many others who might 
 be named of great ability, but never yet have I known a 
 lawyer of any rank who was willing to risk his case on an 
 attempt to impeach the testimony of that Witness who was 
 born twenty centuries ago in a village stable, who wandered 
 to and fro on earth as a homeless tramp, and who died at an 
 early age as a criminal in the company of thieves. 
 
 But why peruse this point further? The testimony of the 
 meek and lowly Nazarene was given with full knowledge of 
 the fact which He testified; it stands not only unimpeached 
 and unimpeachable, but also corroborated by every step in 
 the history of the last two thousand years. The jury of the 
 world has accepted and decided upon it as conclusive and 
 long ago has rendered its final verdict. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 567 
 
 And here for a moment we may pause and look at the gen- 
 eral outlines and salient features of the three years' itinerancy 
 of the Divine Master. With His blood and in the agony of 
 His death He provided a way of salvation for the human soul, 
 while at the same time His mission and His teachings laid 
 hold upon all the temporal and practical affairs of men and 
 of nations and pointed them to pathways of fraternity, liberty 
 and equality. 
 
 What statesmanship of earth has matched the Golden Rule 
 as a principle of government? It was at one of His great 
 out-door meetings in the plain, surrounded by His disciples 
 *'and a great multitude of people who came to hear Him," 
 that He cried out: "And as ye would that men should do to 
 you, do ye also to them likewise." This code of only sixteen 
 words embraces all the natural rights of man. Within its 
 provisions neither despotism nor slavery, or oppressive laws 
 of any kind can find a foothold; no discrimination can be 
 made against the toiling millions for the benefit of the privi- 
 leged few ; no prison doors can be barred against the habeas 
 corpus and the right to speedy and impartial trial. What 
 more is required in governments made for the people than 
 these great guarantees? 
 
 Every government in Christendom has owed its existence 
 and glory to that rule of action which was proclaimed by the 
 Divine Lawgiver born at Bethlehem. Who has improved 
 upon it? Who has ever approached it in sublimity and 
 power? The teachings of sages, philosophers and statesmen 
 are mute and impotent in comparison. Men, the most illus- 
 trious for ability and statesmanship, who have founded states, 
 are remembered with gratitude only in proportion as they 
 have embodied in their works the Golden Rule. 
 
 At this point, however, another feature in the history of 
 the Messiah and of the Christian world awaits us. His labors 
 were ended ; He stood with serene and awful majesty before 
 Pilate; He climbed the slopes of Calvary and drained the 
 bitter cup to its dregs; He prayed for His executioners in 
 His dying agony and pardoned the penitent thief at His side. 
 
568 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 and as the earth quaked with terror and the sky grew dark: 
 He cried: "It is finished!" Joseph of Aramathea begged 
 His body and gave it a burial place for charity, and then 
 within three days after began that marvelous and unending^ 
 journey, which from age to age extended in widening circles, 
 until its line of travel became the highways of nations and 
 has marked the whole earth. 
 
 The first pilgrims to the sepulcher were the two eager, 
 weeping women, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary, earl/ 
 in the morning of the third day. The tomb was empty. 
 Less than three whole days had the body of their Master 
 rested there, and yet not a single moment in all the ages since 
 has that empty grave ceased to attract to its sacred precincts 
 the emotional feelings and the devout pilgrimage of the 
 civilized world. After the lapse of more than ten centuries- 
 the most protracted and destructive wars known to history 
 were declared and waged for the possession of that one small, 
 narrow spot of earth. 
 
 The wars of the Crusades convulsed the world for nearly 
 two hundred years. They were conducted under the banner 
 of the cross and for the rescue of the Holy Sepulcher from 
 the hands of the Saracen. They present in themselves alone 
 a tempting theme, and yet the only imperishable lesson they 
 left is to be found in their final and total failure. The sol- 
 diers of Mahomet held at bay the Christian world in arms. 
 His crescent has waved over the sepulcher of our Lord for 
 the last seven hundred years and more, and it is there now. 
 Does the Christian soul of today feel humiliated because of 
 this fact? If so, I desire to say that it is with special refer- 
 ence to that sense of humiliation that I have here alluded to 
 the tremendous efforts which were made, and made in vain, 
 to control by force of arms the last earthly place of the Prince 
 of Peace; to make him the patron of war; to recognize the 
 sword, drawn in His name, as the symbol of His mission on 
 earth. To my mind the Providence of the Most High God 
 is manifest in the ultimate and lasting results of the Crusades. 
 
 The divinity of the Messiah, on which depends the entire 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 569 
 
 •structure of Christianity, and without which it would long 
 since have crumbled in ruins, was proclaimed by Him over 
 and over again : "My kingdom is not of this world." He 
 desired no mausoleum, no magnificent tomb, no monument 
 ^ver the place where He rested after He had trodden the 
 winepress of death. 
 
 Who commissioned the captains of war to draw their swords 
 for Him? All the powers of earth and hell combined could 
 not desecrate His grave, insult His memory, His majesty and 
 His glory. The scorn of the Saracen, however great, could 
 not call for war at the hands of those who worshiped the 
 Prince of Peace. He left no such injunction to those who 
 owned His cause or carried His cross. The conquest over 
 the world and over the powers of the world which he pro- 
 claimed was not the victory of the sword, but of the 
 spirit that is far mightier than the sword. By the peaceful 
 power of that spirit He governs the governing powers of the 
 earth. He rules in the councils that make international law 
 for the Christian, the infidel and pagan world today. 
 
 Another reason for the failure of the crusaders' armed pil- 
 grimages as an acceptable service to the cause of Christianity 
 yet remains and arises with great force in this connection. 
 The worship of God depends on no locality, requires no shrine 
 or altars, no temples with long-drawn aisles, fretted vaults 
 and turrets pointing to the sky. The humblest peasant on 
 the globe, far distant from Jerusalem, is as near to the Saviour's 
 love as the prostrate pilgrim on his tomb. The Christian 
 fireside, however humble, is as well-known to our Father in 
 heaven as any of the holy places in Palestine. The great 
 Teacher and Redeemer came not merely to Jordan, Mount 
 Olivet, Gethsemane and to Calvary. He came to the whole 
 earth; to every river, mountain and plain, to every seacoast, 
 to the crested waves of every ocean. His burial place is not 
 alone in Judea; it is in all lands and in every heart that 
 believes in Him. But few of the children of men can visit 
 the holy land and bathe with tears its sacred places, but to 
 ^very generation of all peoples and nations the presence of 
 
570 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 Christ is assured, if sought, in their own homes. His voice 
 is close to the ear that listens and is incessantly repeating to 
 every toil-worn heart : ' ' Come unto Me, all ye that labor and 
 are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.'' 
 
 And lo, now, what is this great light we see breaking over- 
 head, brighter far than the sun, and falling in undying splen- 
 dor on our pathway as we journey toward home? The di- 
 vinity of Jesus of Nazareth, blazing out as it does from every 
 lesson of history, is the only solution of earth's most tran- 
 scendent problem — the immortality of the soul. "If a man 
 die, shall he live again?" Since the first morning star saluted 
 the dawn of creation the question has lived, breathed and 
 whispered eagerly and incessantly in every throbbing heart 
 this side of the sun. On every plain and mountain ; from 
 the Himalayas, crested with eternal snow, to the jungles of 
 Africa under the equator ; in the land of Isis and Osiris, lotus- 
 crowned Egypt, and in the tents of Zoroaster, who worshiped 
 the fire of the sun and besought the stars to unfold their 
 mysteries ; in the prison-house of Socrates, with the cup of 
 hemlock, and in the wigwam of the Indian of the New 
 World ; wherever the footstep of man has left print, there 
 this yearning appeal has been heard ; there the human mind, 
 whether weak or strong, whether in dense darkness or in the 
 misty light of ancient philosophies, has been found peering^ 
 with sleepless, unceasing vigilance into the future; to the 
 mountains, the rivers, the oceans, the sun, moon and winds 
 for an answer to the universal, unappeasable cry for immor- 
 tality. 
 
 But nature, with all its powers, the physical universe, with 
 all its magnificence, can give no response ; neither the heavens 
 above nor the waters under the earth can make an answer to 
 this longing cry, this ceaseless interrogation of eternity which 
 keeps time with every heartbeat on the shores of mortality. 
 
 Over the graves of the loved ones of earth, from pale, 
 quivering lips and breaking hearts, the wailing, sobbing 
 question is as unceasing as the murmur of the winds, and its 
 burden is forevermore the same : "Shall this mgrtal put on 
 
A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 571 
 
 immortality; shall we meet again to part no more?'' The 
 philosophy of ancient paganism and the scientific thought of 
 modern unbelief have alike tried, and tried in vain, to wrench 
 apart the iron jaws of death and extort an answer from the 
 dumb and silent mystery of the tomb. Not a gleam of light, 
 not a ray of hope, not even the dim twinkling of a distant 
 star comes from the great and intellectual school of material- 
 ism. Not a promise, not a comfort for the living or for the 
 dying brightens a single page with which the writers of that 
 school have confused and darkened the counsels of mankind. 
 The truth is, the agnostic in his teachings, however able and 
 sincere, leaves nothing but a blinding fog on the river of 
 time; extinguishes every signal light of danger on its turbu- 
 lent and deceitful currents ; increases the care and hazard of 
 the most skillful pilots in their soundings for true and safe 
 channels and threatens with final wreck the weary soul in its 
 voyage as it goes out over the bar at the mouth of the river 
 and into the boundless ocean of eternity. 
 
 There can indeed be but one answer to this tremendous 
 question, so vital, so personal to all. The advent of the 
 Messiah, the inhabitant of two worlds coming from the realms 
 of eternity to the realms of time, returning whence He came, 
 triumphing over death and robbing the grave of its victory, 
 furnishes absolute proof beyond denial or discussion that an 
 immortal world exists and in immortal life. He who walked 
 the waters and bade the winds be still, alone of all the mani- 
 festations of power this earth has ever known can banish the 
 secret dread, the inward horror of falling into naught. 
 
 Plato reasoned well, but the immortality of the soul, which 
 was to him merely a pleasing hope, a dim uncertainty, be- 
 comes a proven, fixed reality by the coming of the Messiah ; 
 by the opening of the King's highway between the two 
 worlds, the visible and the invisible. In His divinity He 
 came and He went ; He passed from one world to the other 
 both ways; the route He proclaimed remains, linking time 
 and eternity together and affording to the human soul its only 
 safe assurance that he will live hereafter. In view of that 
 
^^2 A CI.OUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 divinity, therefore, we listen without wonder or doubt to His 
 own grand conclusions of the whole matter, to His only lofty 
 anthem and promise of eternal life : 
 
 "I am the resurrection and the life; he that believeth in 
 Me, though he were dead, yet shall he live; and whosoever 
 liveth and believeth in Me shall never die." 
 
 And who is he that would gainsay this paean of victory 
 for the human soul in its hope of immortality? Who is he 
 that would silence its strains of peace? Who is he that 
 would rob the parting soul of its music, the beloved faces 
 that have gone before, making welcome from the sky? Who 
 is he that would draw the black curtains of annihilation 
 around the dying bed and bolt and bar the portals of the tomb 
 with cold despair? Who is he that would force entrance into 
 the chamber of death to blight and destroy that sublime faith 
 which alone can pluck from the heart a rooted sorrow and dry 
 the tears of anguish which come as a comforter in every trial, 
 which wreathe with smiles the dying face, even in the bright 
 morning of life, in its noonday prime and as the sun of old 
 age is going down. Far more merciful would it be to put 
 poison in the wells and fountains of burning deserts where 
 perishing travelers stoop to drink. 
 
 If life is to end here, a mere span on the dial plate of time, 
 a fleeting shadow that abideth not ; if life here is but the 
 insect existence of a single summer season, then indeed may 
 the peasant and the philosopher and all classes between them 
 make intense and prolonged inquiry whether such a life is 
 worth the living, whether any intelligent being with free 
 choice would enter upon its brief, unsatisfying scenes, know- 
 ing their inevitable termination to be in the black darkness 
 of a sunless, starless, incomprehensible nihilism ; in a wave- 
 less, motionless, frozen, dead sea of annihilation. 
 
 But away with this vision of gloom, this dream of horror, 
 this nightmare of the soul. The Christian faith neither dark- 
 ens nor discredits the destiny of the human race ; its mission 
 is one of hope, promise and happiness in all pathways of life. 
 To all the children of men of every faith it comes in bless^ 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 573 
 
 ings ; to the blind agnostic, who is proud of his blindness, to 
 the groping unbeliever, who boasts of his darkness, and even 
 to the eloquent scoffer, with his bitter tongue, as well as to 
 the faithful followers of the Cross — to one and to all it comes 
 with messages of truth, love, mercy and everlasting life in 
 the name of the Divine Master. — Volume /, ''Forty Years 
 of Oratory^ ' ' by Daniel W. Voorhees^ edited by his three sons^ 
 and his daughter^ Harriet C. Voorhees^ published by the Mer- 
 rill-Bowen Company^ Indianapolis and Kansas City, 
 
 MOTTO TESTIMONIES. 
 
 Religious convictions are often expressed in fewest words ; 
 as with sunbeams, the more they are condensed the deeper 
 they burn. — The Author. 
 
 Guardez Foy — Guard the Faith. — Earl Poulett. 
 
 En parole je Vis — I live in the Word. — Lord Stowell. 
 
 Sub crucis Candida — Under the fair Cross. — Lord Lovell. 
 
 Utcumque placurit Christo — As it pleases Christ. — Earl Howe. 
 
 Spes mea Christus — Christ is my hope. — Irish Baron Lucan. 
 
 Pro Christo et pairia — For Christ and country. — Earl Kerr. 
 
 Laiis Christo— Fraise to Christ. — Scotch Viscount Arbuthnot. 
 
 So/a salus Christum — Salvation only through Christ. — Lord Buchan. 
 
 For tile geret crucetn — Bravely support the Cross. — Earl Donaghmore. 
 
 Spes tutissima Christo — My safest hope is in Christ. — Earl Kingston. 
 
 Sola salus servire Christo — Our safety is in serving Christ. — Irish Earl 
 OF Ross. 
 
 Cruci, dum spiro, fido — While I breathe, I trust in the Cross. — Irish 
 Viscount Netterville. 
 
 Salus per Christum Redemptorem — Salvation through Christ, the Re- 
 deemer.— Scotch Earl of Moray. 
 
 Fidei corticula crux — The Cross is the touchstone of my Faith. — Earl 
 Jersey and Earl Clarendon. 
 
 Robert Ascham, *'Father of English Prose'' and Instruc- 
 tor to Queen Elizabeth (1515-1568): Amongst all the ben- 
 efits that God has blessed me withal, next to the knowledge 
 of Christ's true religion, I count this the greatest that it 
 pleased God to call me to minister in promoting the gifts of 
 learning. — From " The Schoolmaster.'*'' 
 
TYPES OF HISTORIC ROYALTY. 
 
 Lord Cobham, 
 
 Page ^43. 
 Lord North, 
 
 Page ^7^. 
 Lord Lyttleton, 
 
 Page 300. 
 Earl Clarendon, 
 
 Page 244. 
 
 Lord Burleigh, 
 
 Page yy. 
 Earl Essex, 
 
 Page ^y 6. 
 Earl Rochester, 
 
 Page 381. 
 Earl Manchester, 
 
 Page^y^ 
 
 Lord Chatham, 
 
 Page 362. 
 Lord Ellesmere, 
 
 Page ^y 6. 
 Lord Hatton, 
 
 Page 220. 
 Duke Devonshire, 
 
 Pjge ^y^. 
 
A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 575 
 
 THE WITNESS OF EARLY ROYALTY. 
 
 m 
 
 ^ORATIO WALPOIvE, the Earl of Oxford, in his 
 b l^\l *' Royal and Noble Authors of England, Scotland 
 and Ireland,'' compiled in five volumes specimens- 
 of the literature of the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenthi 
 centuries. Most of the Royalty of that day were ardent 
 '^Defenders of the Faith,'* as indicated in the condensed 
 statements opposite their respective names: 
 
 ARTHUR, Earl of Anglesey ( . . . 1686): What greater honor than 
 to be joined to Jesus Christ in any cause? 
 
 WILLIAM, Viscount Grandison ( . . . 1643): We are forewarned by 
 our Saviour, " Not to judge lest we be judged ! " 
 
 HENRY, Lord Delamer, and Earl of Warrington ( . . . 1734), ^^^ * 
 humble Christian, though he made no bustle in the Church. 
 
 HENRY, Lord Morley ( . . . 1667): Pray that Christ may teach your 
 right hand to fight. *' He is the Way, the Truth, and the Life." 
 
 LUCIUS, Viscount of Falkland ( . . . 1643), not onh' publicly owned 
 his belief in Christianity, but even wrote some things thereon. 
 
 DENZIL, Lord' Holies ( . . . 1679): "Fear God and keep His com- 
 mandments ! " Our first and last duty is to love and serve our good Master^ 
 
 HENRY, Lord Stafford ( . . . 1558): Our holy cause is to be ascribed 
 to the setting forth of God's Holy Word ! Thanks be to Almighty God ! 
 
 HORATIO, Lord Walpole( . . . 1757), was a fervent advocate of Chris- 
 tianity ; enthusiastic and constant in performing the duties of religion. 
 
 WILLIAM, Duke of Devonshire ( . . . 1707), was a strong asserter or 
 the Christian religion, and died with Christian magnanimity and peace. 
 
 THOMAS, Lord Fairfax ( . . . 1667), penned a folio in his own hand on. 
 "The History of the Church from our Saviour's time to the Reformation."" 
 
 EDWARD, Duke of Somerset ( . . . 1552): Physicians lack the thing- 
 that should heal the bone first — true faith in Jesus Christ and the Holy Bible 
 
 JOHN, Marquis of Winchester ( . . . 1651): Look on what Christ en- 
 dured; then reproach yourselves for bearing impatiently a few little crosses. 
 
 HENRY, Earl of Manchester ( . . . 1642); In your education, son, my 
 first care was to season you with true religion for a champion of Christianity, 
 
 DUDLEY, Lord North ( . . . t666): Seek your happiness in God'* 
 bounty and grace. Make Christ your Rock, and you will have a lasting: 
 foundation. 
 
 PETER, Lord King, Lord High Chancellor of England ( . . . 1734)^ 
 published "An Inquiry into the Constitution, Unity and Worship of the 
 Early Church." 
 
 ROBERT, Earl of Ancram ( . . . 1641): God give me the will to be 
 ready when He calleth. I pray He will grant me leave " to set my house in 
 order." 
 
57^ 
 
 A CLOUD OF WITNESSES. 
 
 FRANCIS, Viscount Shannon ( . . . 1698), was the author of " Folly 
 of Atheists who furnish modish wit to rally at Christianity and the Holy- 
 Book." 
 
 THOMAS, Lord Camelford ( . . . 1793): If you are right toward God, 
 jou can not be wrong toward man. Hold fast the sheet anchor of happiness 
 — Religion. 
 
 WENTWORTH, Earl of Roscommon ( . . . 1684), quoted this couplet 
 at death: My God, my Saviour, and Friend, 
 
 ^ Do not forsake me at the end ! 
 
 CHARLES, Earl of Derby ( . . . 1698), was the author of "The Prot- 
 estant Religion, a Certain Foundation and Principle for True Christian 
 Subjects." 
 
 THOMAS, Lord Delaware ( . . . 1618), is characterized, thus: 
 Lord Delaware, it is for Christ's dear Word, 
 Ye shall be surnam'd the most Christian lord ! 
 
 JAMES, Marquis of Montrose ( . . . 1650): 
 
 Open all my veins, that I may swim 
 
 To Thee, my Saviour, in the crimson lake ! 
 
 ROBERT, Earl of Essex ( . . . 1646): I promise Almighty God that I 
 shall undertake nothing but shall tend to the advancement of the Christian 
 faith. 
 
 GEORGE, Earl of Macclesfield, Lord High Chancellor of England 
 ( . . . 1732), retired the last eight years of his life at Derby, where he died 
 a Christian. 
 
 ROBERT, Lord Brooke ( . . . 1642): Some, without warrant, run away 
 from their calling and take up a fruitless Christianity without the least dram 
 of life or power. 
 
 LORD ELLESMERE, Twenty-one years Lord High Chancellor of 
 England ( . . . 1617): I am unable to attend the burdens of my office longer 
 and have come to Paul's desire, " To depart and be with Christ." 
 
 JOHN, Viscount Barrington ( . . • 1727): I have endeavored to give 
 an abstract of all Scripture-history of the Apostles ; the steps by which they 
 were directed to spread our Christian religion. 
 
 DANIEL, Earl of Nottingham ( . . . 1730), discoursed on "The Eter- 
 nity of the Son of God and the Holy Ghost." The University of Oxford 
 returned him thanks for "his noble defence of the Christian faith." 
 
 WALTER, Earl of Essex ( . . . 1576): 
 
 Now blessed be the Father first, 
 
 And blessed be the Son, 
 And blessed be the Holy Ghost, 
 
 By Whom are all things done. 
 
 HENRY, Lord Arundell, of Wardnour ( . . . 1614): 
 
 Lord, set my warring heart from passion free, 
 That it may never love anything but Thee, 
 So shall my soul a double conquest prove. 
 Bought by Thy blood, and conquered by Thy love. 
 
 EDWARD, Earl of Dorset ( . . . 1652). This statement does not ap- 
 pear in Walpole's "Royal and Noble Authors," but is an extract from Earl 
 Dorset's Address delivered in the Star Chamber, February, 1643: "Our 
 blessed Saviour, when He conversed on earth, chose apostles whom He sent 
 after Him into the world, saying: 'Ite, prcedicate,^ to show the way of salva- 
 tion to mankind." 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO PROFESSIONS. 
 
 ARTISTS: Musicians, Painters, Sculptors. pagb 
 
 Allston, Washington, Painter, ii 
 
 Angelo, Michael, Italian Painter and Sculptor 15 
 
 Bach, Johann Sebastian, German Musical Composer, . . 21 
 
 Bacon, John, English Sculptor 23 
 
 Beethoven, Ludwig Van, Prussian Musical Composer, . . 29 
 
 Copley, John Singleton, Painter, 105 
 
 DoANE, William Howard, Composer of H3'mn Music, . . 132 
 DoRE, Paul Gustave, French Painter and Sculptor, . . .132 
 
 DuRER, Albert, German Painter and Engraver, 137 
 
 FusELi, John Henry, Swiss Painter in England, 156 
 
 Gounod, Charles Francois, French Musical Composer, . 179 
 Handel, George Friedrich, German Musical Composer, .212 
 Hastings, Thomas, Musical Composer and Hymn-Writer, .218 
 Haydn, Franz Joseph, German Musical Composer, . . . 220 
 
 Jefferson, Joseph, Actor, 251 
 
 Liszt, Franz, Hungarian Pianist and Composer, 286 
 
 Mason, Lowell, Church Music Composer, 324 
 
 MiLLAis, Sir John, Late President Royal Academ5^ . . . 335 
 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, German Musical Composer, 332 
 MuRiLLO, Bartolme Esterban, Spanish Painter, .... 335 
 OvERBECK, Johann Friedrich, German Painter; Reviver 
 
 of "Christian Art" in the Nineteenth Century, .... 346 
 
 Rubens, Peter Paul, Flemish Painter, 387 
 
 Sankey, Ira David, Vocalist, Composer of Sacred Music, . 393 
 
 Story, William Wetmore, Sculptor, 434 
 
 TissoT, James, P'rench Painter, 452 
 
 Titian (Tiziano Vecellio), Venetian Painter, 454 
 
 Vinci, Leonardo Da, Florentine Painter, 477 
 
 Wagner, Wilhelm Richard, German Musical Composer, 479 
 
 AUTHORS : Essayists, Novelists ; Art, Prose and Story-Writers. 
 
 Adams, William Taylor, "Oliver Optic," Story- Writer, . 4 
 
 Amiel, Henri Frederic, Swiss Prose Writer, 12 
 
 Andersen, Hans Christian, Novelist, 13 
 
 Arnold, Matthew, English Essayist and Poet, 18 
 
 Arthur, Timothy Shay, Story-Writer, 19 
 
 Bellamy, Edward, Author of " Looking Backward," ... 41 
 
 BjORNSON, BjORNSTjERNE, Norwegian Writer and Poet, . . 62 
 
 BoTTA, ViNCENZO, Author of Text-Books, 40 
 
 BouRGET, Paul, French Novelist, 40 
 
 Bruyere, de la Jean, French Author and Moralist, ... 60 
 
 Bulwer-Lytton, Edward George, Biitish Novelist, ... 59 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 BuRRiTT, E1.IHU, Popular Writer and Linguist, 62 
 
 BuTTERWORTH, Hezekiah, Story-Writer, 66 
 
 Cable, George Washington, Critical Writer and Lecturer, 70 
 
 Caine, Thomas Henry Hall, British Novelist, 80 
 
 Carlyle, Thomas, British Essayist and Historian, .... 73 
 Chambers, Robert, Scottish Writer and Publisher, .... 78 
 Chateaubriand, Francois Auguste, French Writer, . . 81 
 
 Crawford, Francis Marion, British Novelist, 71 
 
 Cruden, Alexander, English Compiler of "A Complete 
 
 Concordance to the Holy Scriptures," ; 106 
 
 Cumberland, Richard, English Dramatist; Miscellane- 
 ous Writer, 107 
 
 Defoe Daniel, English Novelist; Author of "Robinson 
 
 Crusoe," 116 
 
 De Quincey, Thomas, English Writer ; Author of "The Con- 
 fessions of an English Opium-Eater," 123 
 
 Dickens, Charles, English Novelist, 125 
 
 Ebers, George Moritz, German Story- Writer and Egypt- 
 ologist, . . . . , 140 
 
 Fielding, Henry, English Novelist, 149 
 
 Hardenberg, Friedrich Von, German Author, . . . .214 
 
 Hawthorne, Julian, Author 222 
 
 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, Novelist and Poet, 221 
 
 Hazlitt, William, English Prose Writer, 222 
 
 Helps, Sir Arthur, English Essayist and Historian, . . . 226 
 Holland, Josiah Gilbert, Novelist, Poet, and Editor, . . 232 
 
 HowELLS, William Dean, Novelist, 238 
 
 HowiTT, William, English Essajdst and Poet, 239 
 
 Hughes.Thomas, English Author : " Tom Brown's School 
 
 Days," " Tom Brown at Oxford," etc 240 
 
 Hugo, Victor Marie, French Romance Writer, Poet, States- 
 man, 243 
 
 Irving, Washington, Novelist, Biographer, and Diplomat, 246 
 JENYNS, Soame, English Writer; Member of Parliament, . 253 
 Johnson, Samuel, English Lexicographer and Writer, . .256 
 
 Kipling, Rudyard, British Novelist, After 266 
 
 Lacroix. Paul, French Art Writer, 271 
 
 Lamb, Charles, English Essayist and Poet, 271 
 
 IvAndor, Walter Savage, English Classic Writer, Essay- 
 ist, and Poet, 274 
 
 lyANMAN, Charles, Biographical Writer, 273 
 
 Lathrop, George Parsons, Author, Journalist, Poet, . .274 
 
 Le Gallienne, Richard, British Essayist, 272 
 
 TvESSiNG, GoTTHOLD Ephraim, German Story- Writer, .281 
 IviEBER, Francis, Publicist; Professor of Political Econ- 
 omy, Columbia College Law School, 283 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGS 
 
 Mathews, William, Prose Writer, 309 
 
 Montaigne, Michel De, French Essayist and Philoso- 
 pher, 322 
 
 Neal, John, Novelist 340 
 
 Oliphant, Laurence, English Writer and Traveler, . . . 345 
 
 Palgrave, Francis Turner, English Art Critic, 349 
 
 Reade, Charles, English Novelist and Prose Writer, . . 377 
 
 Richter, Jean Paul Fred, German Waiter, 379 
 
 Rochester, John Wilmot, English Writer and Courtier, . 381 
 
 Scott, Sir Walter, Scottish Novelist and Poet, 399 
 
 Smiles, Samuel, Scottish Essayist, 413 
 
 SouvESTRE, Emile, French Novelist, . ... 419 
 
 Stael, Baron Auguste De, French Statesman, 421 
 
 Steele, Sir Richard, English Essayist, 427 
 
 Stevenson, Robert Louis, British Novelist, 430 
 
 Symonds, John, British Critic, 417 
 
 Thackeray, William Makepeace, English Novelist, . . 454 
 
 Tolstoi, Count Lyop N., Russian Novelist, 465 
 
 Trollope, Anthony, English Novelist, 466 
 
 Wallace, Lew, Author : " Ben-Hur," •' The Prince of India," 
 
 etc.; Diplomat, Major-General in Civil War, 480 
 
 Walton, Izaak, English Writer ; Author of •' The Complete 
 
 Angler," . 482 
 
 Warner, Charles Dudley, Prose Writer, 489 
 
 Webster, Noah, Lexicographer: "Webster's Unabridged 
 
 Dictionary," 494 
 
 West, Gilbert, English Writer, 497 
 
 Whipple, Edwin Percy, Essayist and Critic, 499 
 
 Wilson, James Grant, Prose Writer ; General in Civil War, 509 
 Wilson, John ("Christopher North"), Scottish Writer; 
 
 Educator, 510 
 
 Chief and Associate Justices of United States Supreme Court; Lord 
 High Chancellors and Lord Chief Justices of England. 
 
 Abbott, Charles, Lord Tenterden, Chief Justice of 
 
 England, 9 
 
 Brewer, David Josiah, Associate Justice, V. S. Supreme 
 
 Court, 46 
 
 Bruce, Sir Gainsford, Justice, High Court of England, . 52 
 Chase, Salmon Portland, Chief Justice, U. S. Supreme 
 
 Court, 79 
 
 Coke, Sir Edward, Lord Chief Justice of England, ... 91 
 Denman, Thomas, Lord Chief Justice of England, . . . .121 
 Eldon, Lord John Scott, Lord High Chancellor of Eng- 
 land, 139 
 
 Ellenbrough, Lord, Chief Justice of England, 140 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 EivivSWORTH, Oliver, Chief Justice. U. S. Supreme Court, . 141 
 Erskine, Thomas, Lord High Chancellor of England, . . 142 
 Fletcher, Richard, Judge of Massachusetts Supreme 
 
 Court 152 
 
 Hale, Sir Matthew, lyord Chief Justice of England, . . 205 
 Halsbury, Lord, The Right Honorable Lord High Chan- 
 cellor of England, 206 
 
 Hatton, Sir Christopher, Lord High Chancellor of Eng- 
 land, 219 
 
 Herschell, Eord, late Lord High Chancellor of England, 242 
 Jay, John, First Chief Justice, U. S. Supreme Court, . . .251 
 Kenyon, Lord, Chief Justice of England, . . ... ... 265 
 
 Lamar, Lucius Q. C, Justice, U. S. Supreme Court, . . . 294 
 Logan, James, Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Pennsyl- 
 vania, 288 
 
 Lumpkin, Joseph Henry, Chief Justice, Supreme Court 
 
 Georgia, , 298 
 
 McCalmont, Hugh, " Lord Cairns," Twice Lord High 
 
 Chancellor of England, 311 
 
 McLean, John, Justice, U. S. Supreme Court, 314 
 
 Marshall, John, Chief Justice, U. S. Supreme Court, . . 308 
 More, Sir Thomas, Lord High C-iancellor of Great Britain, 324 
 Murray, William, " Earl of Mansfield," Lord Chief Justice 
 
 of England, 337 
 
 Parsons, Theophilus, Chief Justice, Massachusetts Su- 
 preme Court, 367 
 
 Philips, John Finis, Judge in U. S. District Court, . . . 359 
 Rush, Jacob, Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Penns3^1vania, 388 
 Story, Joseph, Chief Justice, U. S. Supreme Court, . . . 434 
 
 Strong, William, JUvStice U. S. Supreme Court, 433 
 
 Waite, Morrison Remick, Chief Justice, United States Su- 
 preme Court, 478 
 
 Walworth, Reuben Hyde, Last of the Chancellors of New 
 
 York, .483 
 
 Wood, W. Page, " Eord Hatherley," Lord High Chancellor 
 
 of England, 518 
 
 EDUCATORS: Presidents and Professors of Colleges. 
 
 Adams, Charles Kendall, President of the University of 
 
 Wisconsin, 2 
 
 Angell. James Burrill, President of the University of 
 
 Michigan, 14 
 
 Baker, James H., President of the University of Colorado, 23 
 Bateman, Newton, Late President of Knox College, . . 26 
 Blackie, John Stuart, Professor of Greek, University of 
 
 Edinburg; Scotch Poet and Author, 33 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGir 
 
 Boise, James Robinson, Professor of Greek in the Univer- 
 sity of Michigan, 1852-1868, and later of University of 
 
 Chicago, 35 
 
 BowEN, Francis, Professor of Moral Philosophy, Harvard 
 
 College, 41 
 
 BoYESEN, HjAivMAR HjORTH, Professorof German, Columbia 
 
 College, 43 
 
 Bradshear, William M., President Iowa State College, . 45 
 Calderwood, Henry, Professor of Moral Philosophy, Uni- 
 versity of Edinburg, 69 
 
 Carter, Franklin, President of Williams College, .... 75 
 Cochran, David Henry, President of Polj^technic Insti- 
 tute, 90 
 
 Cooke, Josias Parsons, Professor of Chemistry and Min- 
 eralogy, Harvard College, 96 
 
 Coulter, John Merle, President Lake Forest University, 99 
 CusT, Robert Needham, British Oriental Linguist, ... 94 
 Dabney, Charles William, President of University of 
 
 Tennessee, iii 
 
 Davis, Noah KnowleS, Professor of Moral Philosophy, Uni- 
 versity of Virginia, 115, 
 
 Draper, Andrew S., President of University of Illinois, . . 163 
 Ely, Richard Theodore, Professor of Political Economy, 
 
 University of Wiscon.sin 142 
 
 Fetterolf, a. H., President of Girard College, 150 
 
 Fulton, Robert B., President University of Mississippi, . 163, 
 Gates, Merrill Edwards, President of Amherst College, . 167 
 Gilman, Daniel Colt, President of Johns Hopkins Univer- 
 sity, 169 
 
 Harper, William Rainey, President of the University of 
 
 Chicago, 214 
 
 Hill, David Jayne, President of the University of Roches- 
 ter 229 
 
 Jesse, Richard Henry, President of the University of 
 
 Missouri, 254 
 
 Johnston, William Preston, President Tulane Univer- 
 sity of Louisiana, 257 
 
 Jones, Richard C, President of the University of Ala- 
 bama 257 
 
 Jones, Stephen A., President of Nevada State University, 260 
 Jordan, David Starr, President of the Leland Stanford, 
 
 Jr., University, • 260 
 
 KiRKWOOD, Daniel, Professor of Mathematics and Astron- 
 omy, Indiana University, 269 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 IvEWis, Tayler, Late Professor of Greek in Union College, 283 
 Xoos, Charles Louis, President of Kentucky University, . 293 
 
 Low, Seth, President of Columbia College, 294 
 
 McDowell, William F., Chancellor, University of Denver, 312 
 MacLean, George E., Chancellor of University of Nebraska,304 
 Mann, Horace, late President of Antioch College; Author, 308 
 Mauck, Joseph W., President of the University of South 
 
 Dakota 309 
 
 Morton, Henry, President Stevens College of Technology, 329 
 MosHER, George F., President of Hillsdale College, . . .331 
 MuiR, Sir William, Principal of University of Edinburg, 334 
 MULLER, Friederich Max, Professor of German-Sanscrit 
 
 in University of Oxford, 333 
 
 Murray, Lindley, Grammarian, 337 
 
 INoRTHROP, Cyrus, President of the University of Minnesota, 342 
 Olney, Edward, Professor of Mathematics in University 
 of Michigan, 1863-1887; Author of Series Mathematical 
 
 Text-Books, 344 
 
 Page, David Perkins, First Principal of Normal School, 
 
 New York, 347 
 
 Payne, William Harold, Chancellor of the University of 
 
 Nashville, 353 
 
 Purinton, Daniel Boardman, President of Denison 
 
 University, 368 
 
 Quackenbos, John Duncan, Professor of English Lan- 
 guage and Literature, Columbia College, 370 
 
 ^UiNCY, JosiAH, former President of Harvard College, . . 370 
 P.OGERS, Henry Wade, President of North- Western Univer- 
 sity ; late Dean of Law School, University of Michigan, 384 
 ^CHMiTz, LEONhard, German Philologist; Principal of 
 
 London College of International Educational Society, . 397 
 Schurman, Jacob Gould, President of Cornell University, 400 
 ■Shairp, John Campbell, Principal of United College, St. 
 
 Andrews ; Professor of Poetry at Oxford ; Author, . . . 403 
 Shaler, Nathaniel Southgate, Professor of Geology in 
 
 Harvard College, 406 
 
 Snow, Francis H., President of the University of Kansas, 415 
 Steele, Joel Dorman, Author of Scientific Text-Books, . 427 
 Super, Charles W., President of Ohio University, . . . .436 
 
 Swain, Joseph, President of Indiana University, 438 
 
 Taylor, James M., Professor of Mathematics in Colgate 
 
 University, 446 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAG« 
 
 Thomson, Sir Wiluam, " Lord Kelvin," Professor of Natu- 
 ral Philosophy in the University of Glasgow 460 
 
 Thornton, Wilwam M., President of the University of 
 
 Virginia, 459 
 
 Tucker, John Randoi^ph, Dean of Law School, Washing- 
 ton and Lee University, 467 
 
 Webb, A1.EXANDER Stuart, President of College of the 
 
 City of New York ; Major-General in Civil War, . . . 490 
 
 Webster, Harrison Edwin, President of Union College, 494 
 
 WeI/Ung, James Clarke, President of Columbia College, 496 
 
 Wheeler, Benjamin Ide, Professor of Greek, Cornell 
 
 University, 498 
 
 Williams, SirM. Monier, Professor of Sanscrit, University 
 
 of Oxford, 506 
 
 Wilson, John Moulder, Superintendent of the United 
 States Military Academy, West Point; Colonel of 
 Engineers, 510 
 
 Wilson, Sir Daniel, President of the University of Toronto, 512 
 
 Winston, George T., Late President of University of 
 
 North Carolina 515 
 
 WooDROW, James, President of South Carolina College . . 519 
 
 Young, Charles Augustus, Professor of Astronomy in 
 
 Princeton College 527 
 
 EXPLORERS AND FOUNDERS. 
 
 Bienville, Jean Baptiste Lemoyne, Founder of New 
 
 Orleans ; Colonial Governor of Louisiana, 32 
 
 Calvert, Sir Leonard, "Lord Baltimore," Founder of 
 
 Maryland, 69 
 
 Cartier, Jacques, French Navigator and Explorer, ... 76 
 Columbus, Christopher, Genoese Discoverer of America, 95 
 Hayes, Isaac Israel, Arctic Explorer, Surgeon and Natur- 
 alist, 223 
 
 JEPHSON, A. J. MouNTENKY, African Explorer with Stanley, 254 
 
 Livingstone, David, Scottish Explorer in Africa 287 
 
 Park, Mungo, Scottish Explorer in Africa, 350 
 
 Parry, Sir William Edward, English Rear-Admiral and 
 
 Arctic Explorer, 352 
 
 Penn, William, Founder of Pennsylvania, 355 
 
 Raleigh, Sir Walter, English Navigator and Courtier, . 371 
 Stanley, Henry Morton, English Explorer into " Darkest 
 
 Africa." 422 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 FINANCIERS. p^gbt 
 
 Barnes Alfred Smith, Publisher and Philanthropist, . . 27 
 Colgate, Samuel, Manufacturer and Philanthropist, ... 93 
 Crozer, John Price, Manufacturer and Philanthropist, . .103. 
 Dodge, William Earl, Merchant and Philanthropist, . . 133 
 Dodge, William Earl, Jr., Merchant; President of the 
 
 Evangelical Alliance, 131 
 
 Farwell, John Villiers, Capitalist, 148 
 
 lyAWRENCE, Abbott, Merchant and Diplomat, 275 
 
 Lawrence, Amos, Merchant and Philanthropist, 275 
 
 Levering, Joshua, Manufacturer and Philanthropist, . . 282 
 Lubbock, Sir John, President of London Chamber of 
 
 Commerce ; Banker ; Member of Parliament, 297 
 
 Moore, George, English Manufacturer and Philanthropist, 323 
 
 Pyle, James, Manufacturer, 368- 
 
 Vanderbilt, Cornelius, Capitalist and Philanthropist, . 473 
 Wanamaker, John, Merchant; Postmaster-General under 
 
 President Harrison 482^ 
 
 GOVERNORS OF STATES.* 
 
 Adams, Alva, Governor of Colorado, i8a 
 
 Beaver, James A., Governor of Pennsylvania, ... ... 19a 
 
 Biggs, Benjamin T., Governor of Delaware, i8i 
 
 Burleigh, Edwin C, Governor of Maine, 184 
 
 Davis, John W., Governor of Rhode Island, 113 
 
 Dillingham, W. P., Governor of Vermont, 130- 
 
 Ferry, Elisha P., Governor of Washington, 192 
 
 Flower, RoswELL P., Governor of New York, 188 
 
 FoRAKER, Joseph Benson, Governor of Ohio, 189 
 
 Francis, David R., Governor of Missouri, 186 
 
 Fuller, Levi K., Governor of Vermont, 192 
 
 Gray, Isaac Pusey, Governor of Indiana, 183 
 
 Green, Robert Stockton, Governor of New Jersey, . . . 188- 
 Hogg, J. S., Governor of Texas, 191 
 
 Hughes, Simon P., Governor of Arkansas, 179 
 
 Humphrey, Lyman U., Governor of Kansas, 183 
 
 Jackson, Elihu E., Governor of Maryland, 184 
 
 Jackson, Frank D., Governor of Iowa, 182 
 
 Johnston, Joseph F., Governor of Alabama, 179 
 
 LouNSBURY, P. C, Governor of Connecticut, 180 
 
 Lo WRY, Robert, Governor of Mississippi, 185 
 
 ♦Their Autograph Testimonies were secured while Governors of States from 1889 ta 
 J893 inclusive. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGB 
 
 JLucE, Cyrus G., Governor of Michigan, 185 
 
 McCoNNELL, W. J., Governor of Idaho, 182 
 
 McCreary, James B., Governor of Kentucky, 183 
 
 lUcGiLL, A. R., Governor of Minnesota, 185 
 
 Markham, H. H., Governor of California, 180 
 
 Mellette, A. C, Governor of South Dakota, 191 
 
 NoRTHEN, W. J., Governor of Georgia, 181 
 
 Pennoyer, Sylvester, Governor of Oregon, 189 
 
 Perry, Edward A., Governor of Florida, 181 
 
 Richardson, John P., Governor of South Carolina, , . . 190 
 
 Roosevelt, Theodore. Governor of New York, 381 
 
 Rusk, Jeremiah McLain, Governor of Wisconsin, . . . . 193 
 
 Scales, Alfred M., Governor of North Carolina, 189 
 
 Ste\^nson, C. C, Governor of Nevada, 187 
 
 Tapt, Royal C, Governor of Rhode Island 190 
 
 Taylor, Robert L., Governor of Tennessee, 191 
 
 Thayer, John M., Governor of Nebraska, 186 
 
 Toole, Joseph K., Governor of Montana, 186 
 
 TuTTLE, Hiram A., Governor of New Hampshire, 187 
 
 Washburn, Emory, Governor of Massachussetts 184 
 
 W^iLSON, C. W., Governor of West Virginia 193 
 
 Wise, John Sergeant. Governor of Virginia 192 
 
 HISTORIANS. 
 
 Alison, Sir Archibald, Scottish Historian and Essayist, . 1 1 
 
 Bancroft, George, 24 
 
 Cantu, Cesare, Italian Historian, -j-j 
 
 Froude. James Anthony, English Historian, 161 
 
 Green, John Richard, British Historian, 173 
 
 Guizot, Francois Pierre Guillaume, French Historian, 201 
 Leckv, William Edward Hartpole, English Historian, 2-]-] 
 
 LuBKE, WiLHELM, German Historian of Art, 297 
 
 Macaulay, Thomas Babington, English Historian, . . . 301 
 Macintosh, Sir James, British Historian and Statesman, . 304 
 Menzel, Wolfgang, German Historian and Critic, . . .312 
 Motley, John Lothrop, Historian and Diplomat, .... 330 
 
 MuLLER, Johannes Von, Swiss Historian, 336 
 
 Niebuhr, Barthold Georg, German Historian and 
 
 Philologist .... • 339 
 
 Prescott, William Hickling, 367 
 
 Ranke, Leopold, German Historian, 375 
 
 RoLLiN, Charles, French Historian, 385 
 
 Stephen, Sir James, British Historian ; Author ; Professor 
 
 of Modern History-, University of Cambridge, 428 
 
 TiMAYENis, T. T., Greek Historian 463 
 
 Turner, Sharon, English Historian, 470 
 
 Tytler. Alexander Fraser, Scottish Historian and 
 
 Jurist 470 
 
GENERAI^ INDEX. 
 HUMORISTS. PAGE 
 
 Bailey, James Montgomery, "Danbury News Man," . . 21 
 BuRDETTE, Robert Jones, " Burlington Hawkeye Man," . 61 
 
 C1.EMENS, Samuel Langhorne, " Mark Twain," 88 
 
 Landon, Melville D., " Eli Perkins," 272 
 
 Nye, Edgar Wilson, " Bill Nye," 342 
 
 Shaw, Henry Wheeler, " Josh Billings," 418 
 
 INVENTORS. 
 
 Ampere, Andre Marie, French Electrician and Writer, . 13 
 Field, Cyrus West, Projector of the Atlantic Cable, ... 149 
 Gutenberg, Johann, German Inventor of Printing, . . . 202 
 Morse, Samuel Finley Breese, Inventor of the Telegraph, 327 
 Napier, John, Scottish Inventor of Logarithms, 339 
 
 JOURNALISTS. 
 
 Alden, Henry Mills, Managing Editor Harper^ s Maga- 
 zine, 7 
 
 Bayne, Peter, Scottish Jotirnalist and Author, 29 
 
 Blowitz, De Henry Georges S. O., Paris Correspondent 
 
 London Times, 47 
 
 Bok. Edward W.. Editor of The Ladies' Home Journal, . 20 
 Bross, William, late Editor of the Chicago Tribune, ... 49 
 Brown, Charles Brockden, Journalist and Author, ... 51 
 Coffin, Charles Carleton, War Correspondent ; Popular 
 
 Lecturer and Author, 89 
 
 Curtis, George William, late Editor of The Harper's 
 
 Weekly, no 
 
 Dana, Charles Anderson, Editor of The Sun, New York, 112 
 Gilder, Richard Watson, Editor of The Century, . . .170 
 Grady, Henry Woodpin, late Editor Atlanta Constitution, 168 
 Greeley, Horace, late Editor of The Tribune, New York, 197 
 Knight, Charles, English Editor, Publisher, and Author, . 270 
 Kohlsaat, Herman H., Publisher Chicago Times-Herald, . 268 
 Massingham, H. W., Editor-in-Chief, The Daily Chronicle, 334 
 
 MicHAUD, Joseph Francois, French Journalist, 316 
 
 Nordhoff, Charles, Journalist and Author, 339 
 
 REID, WhitELAW, Editor of The Tribune, New York, . . . 378 
 Richardson, Charles Francis, Journalist, Author, . . . 378 
 Shepard, Elliott Fitch, Late Editor of The Mail and 
 
 Express, 408 
 
 Stead, William T., English Journalist ; Editor of The Re- 
 view of Reviews, 425 
 
 Walker, John Brisben, Editor of The Cosmopolitan, . . . 488 
 Watterson, Henry, Editor of The Courier-Journal, Louis- 
 ville, 489 
 
 Weed, Thurlow, Journalist, 495 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 KINQS: Nobility, Royal Officials. 
 
 Adolphus, Gustavus, King of Sweden, S 
 
 AiTCHESON, Sir Charles, Lieutenant-Governor of the 
 
 Punjab, ^ 
 
 Albert, His Royal Highness Arthur William Patrick, 9 
 
 Arthur, " Duke of Connaught," 9 
 
 Bernstorpf, A., Count of Germany, 34. 
 
 Bonaparte, Napoleon I., Emperor of the French, ... . 3S 
 
 Bruce, Robert, King of Scots, 54. 
 
 Chambord, Henri - Charles - Ferdinand - Marie - Dieu- 
 donne. Head of the Elder Branch of the Bourbon 
 
 Dynasty, 75 
 
 Charles I., King of England, 79 
 
 Charles V., King of Germany ; King of Spain as Charles I., 81 
 Cromwell, Oliver, Lord Protector of the English Com- 
 monwealth, 104 
 
 Diet of Spires : John of Saxony ; Ernest of Luneburg, 
 
 Philip of Hesse, i26- 
 
 Durand, Sir Henry, late Governor-General of the Punjab, 122 
 
 Edward VI., King of England, 141 
 
 Elliott, Sir Charles A., late Lieut.-Governor of Bengal, 144 
 
 Francis Joseph I., Emperor of Austria, 162 
 
 Frederick IH., King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany, i6c> 
 
 Frederick William IV., King of Prussia, 161 
 
 FrerE, Sir Bartle, late Governor of Bombay, .... 160 
 Frontenac, Louis de Baude, Governor of New France, . 165 
 
 George TIL, King of Great Britain. . 169 
 
 Gordon, The Right Honorable John Campbell, Sixth 
 
 Earl of Aberdeen ; Governor-General of Canada, . . .177 
 Grant, Sir Robert, late Governor of Bombay; Poet, . . 167 
 
 Haddo, Lord, Fifth Earl of Aberdeen, 205 
 
 Harrowby. The Right Honorable, The Earl of, . . . .217 
 
 Henry IV., King of France, 237 
 
 Herschell, Lord Farrar, Late Chancellor of England, . 242 
 Holy Alliance: Alexander I., Emperor of Russia; 
 Francis I., Emperor of Austria; Frederick III., King 
 
 of Prussia, 235 
 
 Hyde, Edward, First Earl of Clarendon, English Historian, 244 
 Kelly, Thomas, Lord Mayor of London at the Accession 
 
 of Queen Victoria, 267 
 
 Kinnaird, The Right Honorable, Scottish Financier, . 260 
 Lawrence. Lord John Laird Mair, Viceroy of India, . . 276 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Louis IX., King of France, . . 293 
 
 McIvEOD, Sir Donald F., late Lieutenant-Governor of 
 
 the Punjab, 328 
 
 Medici, Lorenzo De, Prince of Florence; Poet, . . . .314 
 
 Metternich, Clemens W., Prince; Diplomat, 322 
 
 Nicholas II., Czar of Russia, . . . 339 
 
 Northbrook, The Right Honorable, The Earl of, Vice- 
 roy; Governor-General of India, 340 
 
 OvERTouN, The Right Honorable, Scottish Peer, . . . 346 
 
 Pedro, Dom II., late Emperor of Brazil, 356 
 
 Peter The Great (Peter I.), Czar of Russia, 365 
 
 Queen Victoria, 476 
 
 Savory, Sir Joseph, late Lord Mayor of London, .... 393 
 Shore, John, " Lord Teignmouth," Gov.-Gen. of India, . . 409 
 Stanley, James, Seventh Earl of Derby; Royalist, . . . 424 
 Thiers, Louis Adolphe, late President French Republic, . 459 
 TiLLEY, Sir Samuel Leonard, Lieutenant-Governor of 
 
 New Brunswick, 463 
 
 Wentworth, Sir Thomas, Earl of Strafford, 496 
 
 William I., King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany, . . 504 
 William IL, present King of Prussia and Emperor of Ger- 
 many, 506 
 
 William the Silent, Prince of Orange ; Founder of the 
 
 Dutch Republic, 505 
 
 William III., King of England, 529 
 
 Wilson, Sir Charles, Director-General of the Ordinance 
 
 Survey of England, 511 
 
 Wood, Charles Lindley, " Viscount Halifax," 527 
 
 LAWYERS. 
 
 Baldwin, Daniel Pratt, late Attorney-General of Indiana, 26 
 
 Bayley, Sir John, English Judge and Author, ..... 28 
 
 Beach, William Augustus, 2-] 
 
 Blackstone, Sir William, English Jurist; Author of 
 
 " Commentaries," 33 
 
 Bluntschli, Johann Kasper, German Jurist, 36 
 
 Choate, Joseph Hodges, Ambassador to Great Britain, . 83 
 
 Choate, Rufus, 83 
 
 Christiancy, Isaac Peckham, Judge, Diplomat, and Uni- 
 ted States Senator, ' . . 83 
 
 Coleridge, John Duke, Lord Chief- Justice of England, . 105 
 CooLEY, Thomas McIntyre, Lecturer on Constitutional 
 
 Law, University of Michigan, . 98 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Curtis, George M., io6 
 
 Curtis, George Ticknor, Lawyer and Author, io8 
 
 Dalrymple, Sir David (Lord Hales), Scottish Judge, . .112 
 EvARTS, William Maxwell, Lawyer and Statesman, . . 145 
 
 FiSK, Clinton Bowen, Lawyer and General, 151 
 
 Frelinghuysen, Theodore, Lawyer ; United States Sen- 
 ator; Chancellor University of New York, 1839-1850; 
 
 President Rutgers College, 1 850-1 861, 158 
 
 Greenleaf, Simon, Jurist ; Professor of Law in Harvard 
 
 College 198 
 
 Grimke, Thomas Smith, Lawyer and Philanthropist, . . 199 
 
 Grotius, Hugo, Dutch Jurist and Author, 200 
 
 HiLLARD, Henry Washington, Lawyer, Congressman, 
 
 and Diplomat, 230 
 
 Hoar, Ebenezer Rockwood, Lawyer and Statesman, . . 231 
 HoRNBLOWER, Joseph Coerten, Jurist ; Professor of Law, 
 
 Princeton College 236 
 
 Hubbard, Samuel, 240 
 
 Kent, James, Lawyer; Author of " Commentaries," . . . 265 
 Key, Francis Scott, Lawyer; Poet; Author of "The Star- 
 Spangled Banner," 267 
 
 Livingston, William, Lawyer; First Governor of New 
 
 Jersey, 1776-1790, 287 
 
 Park, Sir James A., English Lawyer and Judge, . . . .351 
 Phelps, Edward John, late Ambassador to Great Britain, 
 
 etc 366 
 
 Prentiss, Sergeant Smith, Lawyer, Orator, and Congress- 
 man, 365 
 
 RusLiNG, James F., Lawyer, and General in Civil War, . 390 
 
 Saltonstall, Leverett 392 
 
 SheplEy, Ether, Lawyer ; United States Senator, .... 408 
 Smith, John Cotton, Lawyer, Congressman, and Governor 
 
 of Massachusetts, 414 
 
 Storrs, Emery Alexander, 433 
 
 Swain, David Lowry, Lawyer, Governor, and Educator, . 437 
 Thurston, John Mellen, General Attorney of the Union 
 
 Pacific, 461 
 
 Vroom, Peter Dumont, Lawyer and Diplomat, 477 
 
 Washburne, Emory, Lawyer and Statesman, 489 
 
 Webster, Daniel, Constitutional Lawyer, Orator, and 
 
 Statesman^ 491 
 
 Wirt, William, Lawyer and Author, 517 
 
 Woodford, Stewart Lyndon, Lawyer and Statesman . . 519 
 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Barnum, Phineas Taylor, Exhibitor and PhilanthropivSt, 25 
 
 Booth, Junius Brutus, Tragedian, 39 
 
 Clarke, Edward Daniel, English Traveler and Mineral- 
 ogist, 84 
 
 Fox, Sir Douglas, Britivsh Civil and Mechanical Engineer, 163 
 Hanway, Jonas, English Traveler and Philanthropist. . .213 
 
 Junius, Franciscus, English Philologist, 262 
 
 Lewis, Edward M., Expert Baseball Pitcher, ...... 295 
 
 Murray, Alexander, Scottish Philologist, 336 
 
 Petty, Sir William, English Political Economist, .... 357 
 
 Stephens, John Lloyd, Traveler and Author, 429 
 
 The United States a Christian Nation, 453 
 
 ORIENTALISTS AND ARCH/EOLOQISTS. 
 
 De Sacy, Antoine Isaac Sylvestre, French Oriental- 
 ist, 124 
 
 DiDRON, Adolphe Napoleon, French Archaeologist, . .129 
 Hamilton, Sir William, Scottish Antiquary, and Arch- 
 
 seologist, 209 
 
 Jones, Sir William, English Orientalist and Linguist, . . 259 
 Layard, Sir Austin Henry, English Orientalist, Archae- 
 ologist, 276 
 
 Lenormant, Francois, French Archaeologist, 281 
 
 Palmer, Edward Henry, English Egyptologist, 348 
 
 RucKERT, Friedrich, German Orientalist and Poet, . . . 386 
 Selden, John, English Oriental Scholar and Statesman, . 401 
 WiNCKELMANN, JoHANN JoACHiM, German Archaeologist, 515 
 
 PHILANTHROPISTS AND REFORMERS. 
 
 Brown, John, Abolitionist 55 
 
 Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell, English Philanthropist, . 66 
 
 Chubb, Sir George Hayter, 89 
 
 Clarkson, Thomas, English Champion for Abolition of 
 
 Slave Trade, 85 
 
 COMSTOCK, Anthony, Secretary of the Society for Sup- 
 pression of Vice, 96 
 
 Cavour, Count Camillo Benso, "Regenerator of Italy," . -j-j 
 Cooper, Anthony Ashley," Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury," 
 
 English Philanthropist, 99 
 
 Dow, Neal, Temperance Reformer, 136 
 
 Evarts, Jeremiah, Philanthropist, 144 
 
 Froebel, Friederich Wilhelm August, German Educa- 
 tional Reformer, " Kindergarten System," 161 
 
GENERAI^ INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Garibaldi, Giuseppe, Italian Civil Reformer and Patriot, 165 
 Garrison, William Lloyd, Abolitionist and Journalist, . 166 
 GouGH, John Bartholomew, Temperance Reformer ; Pop- 
 ular Orator, 178 
 
 Howard, John, English Prison Reformer and Philanthro- 
 pist, 238 
 
 Keeley, Leslie E., Discoverer of "Gold Cure for Ine- 
 briety"; Physician, . 264 
 
 Kossuth, Louis, Hungarian Reformer, 267 
 
 Mazzini, Giuseppe, Italian Civil Reformer, 305 
 
 MoRLEY, Samuel, English Merchant and Philanthropist, . 326 
 OldcastlE, Sir John, '• Lord Cobham," English Civil Re- 
 former, 343 
 
 Pestalozzi, Johann Heinrich, Swiss Educational Re- 
 former, 356 
 
 Phillips, Wendell, Reformer and Popular Orator, . . . 360 
 Sharp, Granville, English Reformer and Philanthropist, 407 
 Stamford, The Earl op, British Philanthropist, . . . .417 
 
 Tappan, Arthur, Merchant and Reformer, 444 
 
 Westminster, Duke of, British Philanthropist, 480 
 
 Wilberforce, William, English Statesman and Reformer, 502 
 
 PHILOSOPHERS AND METAPHYSICIANS. 
 
 Bacon, Francis, Philosopher; Lord High Chancellor of 
 
 of England, 22 
 
 BOHME, Jakob, German Mystic Philosopher, 37 
 
 Cousin, Victor, French Philosopher and Metaphysician, . 97 
 Franklin, Benjamin, Philosopher and Statesman. . . . .159 
 Hamilton, Sir William, Scottish Philosopher and Meta- 
 physician, 209- 
 
 Hegard, H., Professor of Philosophy, University of Copen- 
 hagen, 225 
 
 Home, Henry, " Lord Kames," Scottish Philosopher and 
 
 Jurist, 234 
 
 Jacobi, Friederich Heinrich, German Philosopher ; Pres- 
 ident of the Academy of Science, Munich, 1804, . . . 248 
 Joupfroy, Theodore Simon, French Philosopher, .... 262 
 Kant, Immanuel, German Metaphysician and Philosopher, 263 
 Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm, German Philosopher and 
 
 Mathematician 280 
 
 Locke, John, English Philosopher, 289 
 
 Mill, John Stuart, British Philosopher, Political Econo- 
 mist, 319 
 
GENERAI. INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Montesquieu, Charles De Secondat, French Philosopher 
 
 and Jurist, 322 
 
 Newton, Sir Isaac, English Philosopher and Mathemati- 
 cian, 338 
 
 Pascal, Blaise, French Philosopher and Mathematician, . 352 
 
 QuiNET, Edgar, French Philosopher and Author, 371 
 
 Rousseau, Jean Jacques, French Philosopher and Writer, 385 
 ScHELLiNG, Friedrich Wilhelm, German Philosopher, . 395 
 ScHLEGEL, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Von, German Phi- 
 losopher and Critic 39^ 
 
 Spinoza, Benedict, Dutch Philosopher 418 
 
 PHYSICIANS, SURGEONS, PHYSIOLOGISTS. 
 
 Abercrombie, John, Scottish Physician, i 
 
 Agnew, David Hayes, Physician and Surgeon, 10 
 
 Bell, Sir Charles, British Anatomist and Physiologist, . 31 
 BoERHAAVE, Hermann, Dutch Physician and Philosopher, 37 
 Brooks, John, Physician; Governor of Massachusetts, 
 
 1816-1823, 50 
 
 Browne, Sir Thomas, English Physician and Author, . . 50 
 Clark, Sir Andrew, Late President of the Royal Society 
 
 of Physicians, 85 
 
 Duckworth, Sir Dyce, British Physician, 129 
 
 FiGUiER, GuiLLAUME Louis, French Physician and Author, 150 
 Forbes, James David, Scottish Physician and Educator, . 153 
 Grant, Sir James Alexander, Canadian Geologist, . . .194 
 Gray, John Purdue, Late Manager of New York Insane 
 
 Asylum, 198 
 
 Hahnemann, Samuel Christian Friedrich, German 
 
 Physician, 204 
 
 Haller, Albert Von, Swiss Anatomist and Physiologist, 206 
 Hartley, David, Physician, Philosopher ; Founder of the 
 
 English Association School of Psychologists, 216 
 
 Hartshorne, Henry, Physician and Surgeon, 218 
 
 Harvey, William, British Physician, 230 
 
 Hinton, James, English Aural Surgeon, 230 
 
 Macalister, Alexander, Professor of Anatomy, Univer- 
 sity of Cambridge, 302 
 
 MoTT, Valentine, 331 
 
 Parker, William Kitchen, Hunterian Professor, Royal 
 
 College of Surgeons, 351 
 
 RoGET, Peter Mark, English Physician, Physiologist; Au- 
 thor " Thesaurus of English Words " 384 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGEJ 
 
 Rush, Benjamin, Physician ; Signer of the Declaration of 
 
 Independence. 388 
 
 Simpson, Sir James Young, Scottish Physician ; Discov- 
 erer of Chloroform, 413^ 
 
 Struensee, Count Johann Friedrich, Physician; « 
 
 Prime Minister of Denmark, . 435' 
 
 Wilson, George, Scottish Physician, Chemist ; Professor 
 
 of Technology, University of Edinburg, 507 
 
 POETS. 
 
 Addison, Joseph, English Poet and Essayist, 6 
 
 Aldrich, Thomas Bailey 10 
 
 Arndt, Ernst Moritz, German Poet, Patriot ; Professor of 
 
 History at Bonn, 17 
 
 Arnold, Sir Edwin, English Poet, 19 
 
 Austin, Alfred, Poet Laureate of England, 7 
 
 Barton, Bernard, English Poet, 28 
 
 Beattie, James, Scottish Poet and Author, 3a 
 
 BowRiNG, Sir John, English Poet, Statesman, and Linguist, 42 
 
 Browning, Robert, English Poet, 53. 
 
 Bryant, William Cullen, Poet and Journalist, 57 
 
 Buchanan, Robert, Scotch Poet, . . 38 
 
 . Bulwer-Lytton, Edward Robert, Baron Lytton (" Owen 
 
 Meredith"), English Poet, 60 
 
 Burns, Robert, Scottish Poet 63 
 
 Byron, Lord George Gordon, English Poot, 68 
 
 Campbell, Thomas, English Poet, y2 
 
 Carleton, Will, Poet and Author, 71 
 
 Chatterton, Thomas, English Poet, 80 
 
 Chaucer, Geoffrey, English Poet-Laureate, 82 
 
 Claudias, Matthias, German Poet, 86 
 
 Coleridge, Hartley, British Poet, 91 
 
 Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, English Poet, 92 
 
 CoRNEiLLE, Pierre, French Dramatic Poet, 69 
 
 . Cowley, Abraham, English Poet, 102 
 
 Cowper, William, English Poet, loo- 
 
 Dante, Alighieri, Italian Poet, 117 
 
 Derzhavin, Gabriel Romanovitch, Russian Poet; Secre- 
 tary of State under Catherine H., 124 
 
 Drummond, William, Scottish Poet of Hathornden, . , .135 
 
 Dryden, John, English Poet-Laureate, 134 
 
 Field, Eugene, Poet and Journalist, . . 145 
 
 FouQUE. Friedrich Heinrich Karl, German Poet and 
 
 Novelist 156 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 1 PAG^ 
 
 GBI.LERT, Christian Furchtegott, German Poet; Pro- 
 fessor of Philosophy, University of Leipsic, i68 
 
 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, German Poet and Author, . 174 
 Goldsmith, Oliver, Irish Poet, Historian, and Novelist, . 175 
 
 Hayne, Paul Hamilton, Poet and Journalist, , 224 
 
 Heine, Heinrich, German Poet, 225 
 
 Hood, Thomas, English Poet and Wit, 236 
 
 Jonson, Ben, English Dramatist, 258 
 
 Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb, German Poet, .... 270 
 lyONGFELLOW, Henry Wadsworth, Poet ; Twenty Years 
 
 Professor of Belles Leltres, Harvard College, 292 
 
 Lowell, James Russell, Poet, Essayist, Diplomat, . . . 294 
 
 Mackoy, Charles, Scottish Poet, 310 
 
 Miller, Cincinnatus Hiner ("Joaquin Miller"), Author, 317 
 
 Milton, John, English Poet 320 
 
 Montgomery, James, Scottish Poet, 324 
 
 Moore, Thomas, Irish Poet, 325 
 
 Morris, George Perkins, Poet and Journalist, 328 
 
 Morris, Sir Lewis, British Poet, 329 
 
 OehlEnschlaegar, Adam Gottlob, Danish Poet, .... 343 
 
 Pope, Alexander, English Poet, 362 
 
 QuARLES, Francis, English Poet, 369 
 
 Racine, Jean, French Dramatic Poet, 371 
 
 Read, Thomas Buchanan, Poet and Artist, 376 
 
 Riley, James Whitcomb, Dialect Poet, . . , .391 
 
 Rogers, Samuel, English Poet, 383 
 
 RosETTi, Dante Gabriel, British Painter and Poet, . . . 386 
 
 RusKiN, John, English Art Writer, 389 
 
 ■Saxe, John Godfrey, Humorous Poet, 394 
 
 Schiller, Johann Christopher Friedrich, German 
 
 Poet, 396 
 
 Shakespeare, William, English Dramatist, 405 
 
 Southey, Robert, English Poet-Laureate, 416 
 
 Spenser, Edmund, English Poet-Laureate, 420 
 
 Stedman, Edmund Clarence, Poet and War Correspond- 
 ent, 426 
 
 Swinburne, Algernon Charles, English Poet, 441 
 
 Tate, Nahum, Poet-Laureate of England, ' . 443 
 
 Tasso, Torquato, Italian Poet 442 
 
 T'aylor, Bayard, Poet, Diplomat, Author, and Traveler, . 444 
 
 Taylor, Benjamin Franklin, Poet and Author, 445 
 
 Tennyson, Alfred, English Poet-Laureate, 45 1 
 
 Thomson, James, Scottish Poet, 458 
 
 "TUPPER, Martin Farquhar, English Poet and Author, . . 468 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 UHI.AND, JoHANN LuDWiG, German Lyric Poet, 472 
 
 Vaughan, Henry, English Poet, 474 
 
 Vere, de, Sir Aubrey, Irish Poet, 475 
 
 Vere, de, Thomas, Irish Poet and Miscellaneous Writer. . 476 
 
 White, Henry Kirke, English Poet 500 
 
 Whittier, John Greenleaf, Quaker Poet, 501 
 
 Willis, Nathaniel Parker, Poet and Journalist, .... 508 
 Woodworth, Samuel, ("The Old Oaken Bucket") .... 520 
 Wordsworth, William, English Poet-Laureate, 521 
 
 Presidents of Associations and Leaders of Great flovements. 
 
 Anderson, Robert, Ass't Police Commissioner, London, . 17 
 
 Arthur, P, M., Grand Chief of Brotherhood Locomotive 
 
 Engineers, 18 
 
 Bayless, Sir Wyke, President Royal Society of British 
 
 Artists, 49 
 
 BoNNEY, Charles Carroll, President World's Congress 
 
 Auxiliar>% 42 
 
 Bennett, Sir Risdon, President of the Royal Society of 
 Physicians, 30 
 
 Brtjnot, Felix R., President of American Reform Associa- 
 tion; Philanthropist, 56 
 
 Clarkson, Thaddeus S., Commander-in-Chief G. A. R., . 86 
 
 Depew, Chauncey Mitchell, President New York Central 
 and Hudson River Railroad Company; Popular Orator, 119 
 
 Dillon, John Forrest, President American Bar Associa- 
 tion, 131 
 
 DuPiN, Andre Marie Jean Jacques, President Chamber 
 of Deputies, and of the Legislative Assembly, . . . . i37 
 
 Harkness, William, President American Association for 
 
 the Advancement of Science ; Astronomer, 214 
 
 Johnston, William, Orange Leader; Member of Parlia- 
 ment since 1885, 261 
 
 Kennaway, Sir John H., President Church Missionary 
 
 Laurie, John W., Past Grand Master Freemasons, Nova 
 
 Scotia, 288 
 
 Society 264 
 
 McCuRDY, Hugh, Grand Master of Knights Templar, Uni- 
 ted States of America 311 
 
 March, Francis Andrew, President American Philolog- 
 ical Association 304 
 
 Newell, William A., Founder of the U. S. Life-Saving 
 
 Service, 342 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Northampton, Marquis of, President of Ragged School 
 
 Union, 337 
 
 OSBON, B. S., Rear-Admiral, Commanding National Associ- 
 ation of Naval Veterans, . 345 
 
 Palmer, Thomas Witherell, President of World's Co- 
 lumbian Commission, 34^ 
 
 PowDERLY, Terrence Vincent, late General Master 
 
 Workman of the Knights of Labor, 365 
 
 Reay, The Right Honorable Lord . ... 390 
 
 Sovereign, James R., Master Workman Knights of Labor, 417 
 
 Stokes, George Gabriel, President of the Royal Society; 
 
 Professor of Mathematics, University of Cambridge, . 432 
 
 Stuart, George Hay, President of the Christian Commis- 
 sion during the Civil War; Philanthropist 437 
 
 Williams, Sir George, Originator of the Y. M. C. A., . . 508 
 
 PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Adams, John, Second President, 2 
 
 Adams, John Quincy, Sixth President, 3 
 
 Buchanan, James, Fifteenth President, 56 
 
 Cleveland, Stephen Grover, Twenty-second President, 90 
 
 Garfield, James Abram, Twentieth President, 164 
 
 Grant, Ulysses Simpson, Eighteenth President, . . . .195 
 
 Harrison, Benjamin, Twenty-third President, 216 
 
 Harrison, William Henry, Ninth President, 215 
 
 Hayes, Ruthereord Birchard, Nineteenth President, . . 223 
 
 Jackson, Andrew, Seventh President, . . . 247 
 
 Jefferson, Thomas, Third President, 252 
 
 Johnson, Andrew, Seventeenth President, 255 
 
 Lincoln, Abraham, Sixteenth President, 285 
 
 Madison, James, Fourth President, 307 
 
 Pierce, Franklin, Fourteenth President, 361 
 
 Polk, James Knox, Eleventh President, 364 
 
 Taylor, Zachary, Twelfth President, 447 
 
 Tyler, John, Tenth President, 469 
 
 Van Buren, Martin, Eighth President, 473 
 
 Washington, George, First President, 484 
 
 SCIENTISTS : Astronomers, Botanists, Chemists, Geologists, Math, 
 ematicians. Meteorologists, Naturalists, Physicists, and 
 Phrenologists. 
 
 Agassiz, Jean Louis Rudolphe, Swiss Naturalist 5 
 
 Bonnet, Charles, Swiss Naturalist and Philosopher, . . 39 
 Boyle, Robert, Irish Chemist and Philosopher, 43 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Brake, Tycho, Danish Astronomer 52 
 
 Brewster, Sir David, Scottish Physicist, 46 
 
 Brunetiere, Marie Ferdinand, Member French Academy, 65 
 
 BuFFON, Georges L. L., French Naturalist, 52 
 
 Combe, George, Scottish Phrenologist, 94 
 
 Copernicus, Nickolaus, Prussian Astronomer, 98 
 
 CuviER, Baron Georges, French Naturalist, no 
 
 Dana, James Dwight, Geologist and Mineralogist: Pro- 
 fessor of those Branches of Science in Yale College, . 114 
 
 Davy, Sir Humphrey, English Chemist, 115 
 
 Dawson, Sir John William, Canadian Geologist and Nat- 
 uralist; President of the McGill College, Toronto, . .118 
 De Luc, Jean Andre, Genevese Geologist and Meteorolo- 
 gist, . 121 
 
 De Morgen, Augustus, British Mathematician, Logician, . 122 
 Draper, John William, Chemist, Phj^siologist, Author, . 135 
 
 EulER, Leonard, Swiss Mathematician, 143 
 
 Faraday, Michael, English Chemist and Naturalist, . . 147 
 
 Fowler, Orson Squire, Phrenologist, 155 
 
 Galilei, Galileo, Italian Astronomer, 165 
 
 Gladstone, J. H., English Scientist, 172 
 
 Gray, Asa, Botanist, 196 
 
 Gregory, Olinthus Gilbert, English Mathematician and 
 
 Philosopher, 199 
 
 GuYOT, Arnold, Geologist and Naturalist, 202 
 
 Hamilton, Sir William Rowan, Irish Astronomer and 
 
 Geometer, 210 
 
 Harrington, Mark Walrod, Astronomer; Chief of 
 
 Weather Bureau, 215 
 
 Henry, Joseph, Physicist ; Late Secretary of Smithsonian 
 
 Institute, 226 
 
 Herschel, Sir John Frederick William, English As- 
 tronomer and Philosopher, •. . . 227 
 
 Humboldt, Frederick Heinrich Alexander, German 
 
 Naturalist, 241 
 
 Kepler, Johann, German Astronomer, 266 
 
 KiDD, John, English Chemist, Educator, and Writer, . . . 268 
 
 Lardner, Dionysius, British Astronomer, 273 
 
 Le Conte, Joseph, Geologist, Author, and Educator, . . . 278 
 
 Linneaus, Carl, Swedish Botanist, 284 
 
 Lyell, Sir Charles, British Geologist, 299 
 
 Maury, Matthew Fontaine, Hydrographer, 310 
 
 Maxwell, James Clerk, English Physicist, 306 
 
 Miller, Hugh, Scottish Geologist and Author 318 
 
 Mitchel, Ormsby MacKnight, Astronomer; Major-Gen- 
 
 eral in Civil War, 320 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Pfaff, Friedrich, Professor of Natural Science, Univer- 
 sity of Erlangen, Bavaria, 357 
 
 Ray, John, English Naturalist, 376 
 
 RiTTENHOUSE, David, Astronomer and Mathematician, . .379 
 
 RiTTER, Carl, German Geographer, 380 
 
 Romanes, George John, British Psychologist, 382 
 
 SiLLiMAN, Benjamin, Physicist and EduQator, 411 
 
 Stewart, Balfour, British Physicist, 431 
 
 Swift, Lewis, Astronomer, 441 
 
 Tait, Peter Guthrie, Professor of Mathematics, Univer- 
 sity of Edinburg 43i 
 
 Tenney, Sanborn, Naturalist and Educator, 449 
 
 The Declaration of Eight Hundred Scientists, . . 455 
 WiNCHELL, Alexander, Geologist and Educator, . . . .514 
 WiNTHROP, John, Physicist; Professor of Mathematics 
 
 and Natural Philosophy in Harvard College, 1 738-1 779, 517 
 
 30LDIERS: Generals and Admirals. 
 
 Armstrong, Samuel Chapman, Federal Brigadier-Gen- 
 eral; Principal Hampton Normal and Agricultural 
 
 Institute, 16 
 
 Belknap, George Eugene, Rear-Admiral, U. S. Navy, . . 59 
 Bismarck, Otto Eduard Leopold, Prince, Prussian 
 
 Chancellor, , . 32 
 
 Crosby, Pierce, Rear-Admiral 82 
 
 Dewey, George, Admiral; Hero of Manila Bay, . . . . .122 
 Dix, John Adams, Federal Major-General and Statesman, . 132 
 
 Edwardes, Sir Herbert, English General, 140 
 
 Fairchild, Lucius, Federal Brigadier-General; Governor, 
 
 Diplomat, Commander-in-Chief of G. A. R 146 
 
 Fairfax, Sir Thomas, Parliamentary General ; Command- 
 er-in-Chief of Civil Wars, 146 
 
 Farragut, David Glasgow, Federal Admiral, 148 
 
 FooTE, Andrew Hull, Federal Rear-Admiral, 153 
 
 Fremantle, Sir Edmund Robert, British Admiral, ... 151 
 Gordon, Charles George, English Major-General ; " Chi- 
 nese Gordon," 176 
 
 Haig, F. T., English Major-General, 204 
 
 Havelock, Sir Henry, British Major-General, 219 
 
 Howard, Olivkr Otis, Major-General U. S. A. 239 
 
 HowisoN, Henry L., Rear-Admiral, 203 
 
 Hutchison, George, British Major-General, 245 
 
 Jackson, Thomas Jonathan, Confederate Major-General, . 248 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Xee, Robert Edward, Confederate Commander-in-Chief; 
 
 •President Washington and Lee University, 279 
 
 I^ONGSTREET, James, Confederate Major-General; Diplomat, 291 
 Luce, Stephen Bleecker, Rear-Admiral, U. S. Nav3% • • 298 
 Mackenzie, Colin, late British Lieutenant-General, . . . 306 
 McClellan, George Brinton, Major-General, U. S. A., .312 
 MacGregor, Sir Duncan, Scottish Major-General, .... 303 
 Mahan, Alfred T., Captain in U. S. Navy; Author, . . . 325 
 Marion, Francis, Major-General in the Revolution, . . .317 
 Meade, George Gordon, Federal Major-General, . . . .315 
 
 Merritt, Wesley, Major-General, U. S. Army, 316 
 
 MoLTKE, Count Helmuth Von, Prussian Field-Marshal, . 321 
 OuTRAM, Sir James, British Lieut.-General in India, . . .347 
 Perry, Matthew Calbraith, Commodore, U. S. Navy, . 350 
 
 Phayre, Sir Robert, English Major-General, 358 
 
 Philip, John W., Rear- Admiral, 266 
 
 Pleasonton, Alfred, Federal Major-General, 361 
 
 Porter, David Dixon, Federal Rear- Admiral, 363 
 
 Roe, Francis A., Rear-Admiral, 375 
 
 Schley, Winfield Scott, Rear-Admiral, U. S. Navy, . . 412 
 ScHOFiELD, John McAllister, late Commander-in-Chief 
 
 of the U. S. Army, 398 
 
 Scott, Winfield, Federal Lieutenant-General, 401 
 
 Sickles, Daniel Edgar, Federal Major-General, 412 
 
 Smith, Ephraim Kirby, Confederate Major-General, . . .414 
 
 Stirling, Sir William, British Major-General, 435 
 
 Thomas, George riENRY, Federal Major-General, .... 450 
 Touch, John Gray, English Lieutenant-General, .... 465 
 TowNSEND, Frederick, Federal Brigadier-General, . . . 466 
 
 Upshur, John Henry, Federal Rear-Admiral, 472 
 
 Verney, Sir Edmund, late Captain Royal Navy; Author, 477 
 WoLSELEY, Lord, Commander-in-Chief, British Army, . .517 
 Warren, Sir Charles, British Lieutenant-General, . . . 527 
 
 Watson, John C, Rear-Admiral, 525 
 
 Wellesley, Arthur, Duke of Wellington, British Field- 
 Marshal, 524 
 
 Wilbraham, Sir Richard, Major-General, British Army, . 527 
 Wood, Sir Evelyn, Adjutant-General, British Army, . . 528 
 
 Worden, John Lorimer, Rear-Admiral, 481 
 
 Ziethen, Hans Joachim Von, Prussian Major-General, . 524 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PACK 
 
 STATESriEN: Congressmen, Diplomats and Senators of the 
 United States; Prime flinisters of England and Members 
 of Parliament. 
 
 Adams, Samuei., Signer of the Declaration of Independence, 5 
 
 Ames, Fisher, Congressman and Orator, 12 
 
 Andrew, John Albion, War Governor of Massachusetts, . 14 
 
 Anthony, Henry Bowen, United States Senator, ... . 16 
 
 Armstrong, John, Congressman, United States Senator, . 17 
 
 Baden-Powell, Sir George, Member British Parliament, 66 
 
 Balfour, Arthur James, Leader in House of Commons, . 35 
 
 Beck, James Burnie, United States Senator, ...... 2S 
 
 BEMROSE, H. H., M. P., •' 66 
 
 Black, Jeremiah Sullivan, Attorney-General under Pres- 
 ident Buchanan ; Lawyer, 31 
 
 Blackwood, Sir S. A., English Statesman 36 
 
 Blaine, James Gillespie, Twenty Years in Congress; 
 
 Thrice Speaker of the House ; Secretary of State, ... 54 
 
 Bradish, Luther, Statesman and Philanthropist, .... 44 
 
 Brassey, The Right Honorable Lord, English Statesman, 45 
 
 Bridgman, F. C, Member of Parliament ; British General, . 47 
 Briggs, George Nixon, Congressman Six SucceSvSive 
 
 Terms; Governor of MavSsachusetts, 1843-1 851. ... 48 
 
 Brigham, John A., Congressman and Diplomat, 20 
 
 Bright, John, English Statesman and Orator, 48 
 
 Brougham, Henry, English Statesman and Author, ... 51 
 
 Brown, Joseph Emerson, United States Senator, .... 54 
 
 Bruce, Sir George, English Statesman, ...... . . 55 
 
 Bryce, James, Member of Parliament and Author, .... 56 
 
 Buchanan, James, Congressman, .- 57 
 
 Buckingham, William Alfred, "War Governor"; United 
 
 States Senator, •. . . 58 
 
 Bunsen, Christian Karl Josias, Prussian Ambassador, 61 
 
 Burke, Edmund, English Statesman and Orator, .... 64 
 Butler, Benjamin Franklin, Attorne3^-General under 
 
 President Jackson, 64 
 
 Buxton, Sir Thomas Powell, English Statesman, .... 67 
 
 Campbell, George John Douglas, " Duke of Argyll," . 70 
 
 Campbell, James A., Member of Parliament, 75 
 
 Canning George, Prime Minister of England, jz 
 
 Cass, Lewis, General, Lawyer, Governor, Diplomat, United 
 
 States Senator, 76 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Cassini, Comte, Russian Ambassador, 105 
 
 Cecil, William, Prime Minister of England, 'j'] 
 
 Cheke, Sir John, English Statesman, 82 
 
 Chichester, Lord, British Official, 90 
 
 Clay, Cassius Marcellus, Diplomat to Russia under Pres- 
 idents Lincoln and Grant, 86 
 
 Clay, Henry, Secretary of United States under John Q. 
 Adams; Five times Speaker of the House; United 
 
 States Senator, 87 
 
 Clinton, De Witt, Mayor of New York ; Governor of New 
 
 York, 87 
 
 CocKRELL, Francis Marion, United States Senator since 
 
 1875, 102 
 
 CoLPAX, Schuyler, Congressman ; Speaker of the Thirty- 
 eighth, Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses, .... 93 
 Colquitt, Alfred Holt, United States Senator, . . . . 91 
 
 Cox, Samuel Sullivan, Congressman; Diplomat loi 
 
 Croker, John Wilson, British Statesman and Author; 
 
 Secretary to the Admiralty, 1 809-1 830, 103 
 
 Crossley, Edward, Member of Parliament, 104 
 
 CuRRAN, The Right Honorable John Philpot, Irish 
 
 Orator and Statesman, 107 
 
 De Sacy, Antoine Isaac S., French Orientalist, 124 
 
 Dingley, Nelson, Jr., Journalist; Congressman since 1881, 130 
 DiMSDALE, Sir Joseph, Lord Mayor of London, 1902, ... 121 
 
 DoLPH, Joseph Norton, United States Senator, 133 
 
 Eaton, Dorman Bridgman, Civil Service Commissioner, 138 
 Edgerton, Alfred P., Civil Service Commissioner, . . .139 
 Fairfax, Sir Thomas, Parliamentary General ; Com- 
 mander-in-Chief Civil Wars, 146 
 
 Field, Edward, M. P. since 1885 ; late British Admiral, . 155 
 Fish, Hamilton, United States Senator, Secretary of State 
 under President Grant, 1869-1877 ; President Society of 
 
 Cincinnati 151 
 
 F'ooT, Solomon, United States Senator, 1 851- 1866 152 
 
 Foster, Charles, Secretary of Treasury under President 
 
 Benjamin Harrison, 154 
 
 Foster, John Watson, Secretary of State under President 
 
 Benjamin Harrison, 154 
 
 Fowler, Sir Robert, Member of Parliament, 156 
 
 Fox, Charles James, English Statesman and Orator, . .157 
 
 Francis, Sir Philip, English Statesman, 157 
 
 Frye, William Pierce, United States Senator, 162 
 
 Gladstone, William Ewart, Prime Minister of England; 
 
 Author, 171 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGK 
 
 Gordon, John Brown, United States Senator, 178 
 
 Grattan, Henry, Irish Orator, i95 
 
 Hamilton, Alexander, Secretary of Treasury under Presi- 
 dent Washington, 208 
 
 Hampden, John, English Statesman, 211 
 
 Hawley, Joseph Roswell, United States Senator, . . . 229- 
 
 Hay, John, Ambassador to Great Britain ; Poet, 245 
 
 Henry, Patrick, Statesman and Orator, 227 
 
 Hewitt, Abram Stevens, Ex-Mayor of New York, . . . 228 
 Hill, Benjamin Harvey, United States Senator, .... 228 
 
 Hoar, George Frisbie, United States Senator, 231 
 
 HoARE, Samuel, Member of Parliament, 232 
 
 HoLMAN, William Steele, Thirty Years in Congress, . . 224 
 
 Houston, Samuel, United States Senator, 237 
 
 Hunter, Sir William, English Statesman, . . . . o . . 244 
 
 Jay, John, Diplomat under President Grant, 249 
 
 Kelley, William Darrah, Congressman 1 860-1 890, . . 264 
 Eawrence, Sir Henry Montgomery, late Provisional 
 
 Governor of India, 275 
 
 Lee, Richard Henry, Orator, Statesman and Patriot, . . 279 
 
 Long, John Davis, Statesman, 29a 
 
 Lyttleton, Lord George, English Statesman, 300 
 
 McArthur, William Alexander, Member of Parliament, 314 
 McCarthy, Justin, Member of Parliament ; Author, . . . 303 
 McKiNLEY, William, Congressman ; Governor of Ohio, . . 313 
 Marsh, George Perkins, Diplomat and Philologist, . . . 305 
 MiLNES, Richard Monckton, Lord Houghton, English 
 
 Statesman and Writer, . 319 
 
 Morse, Elijah A., Congressman and Manufacturer, . . . 326 
 
 Morton, Oliver Perry, " War Governor," 33a 
 
 Oldroyd, Mark, Member of Parliament, 343 
 
 Oxenstiern, Axel, Swedish Ambassador, 347 
 
 Pease, Sir A., Member of Parliament, 356 
 
 Peel, Sir Robert, twice Prime Minister of England, . . 354 
 Phipps, Sir William, Early Governor of Massachusetts, . 359 
 
 Pitt, William, English Statesman ; Orator, 363 
 
 Radstock, Right Honorable Lord, English Statesman, 372 
 Ramsay, Sir Henry, British Statesman in India, .... 374 
 Randall, Samuel Jackson, Congressman, 1863-1890; 
 
 twice Speaker of the House, 373 
 
 Randolph, John, Orator and Statesman, 374 
 
 RiCKETT, J. CoMPTON, British Parliamentarian, 383 
 
 Rives, William Cabell, Statesman and Diplomat, . , . 380' 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 RussELi/, Lord John, British Statesman, . . ... ... 387 
 
 RussELi,, Lord William, English Statesman and Patriot, 387 
 
 RusTON, Joseph, Member of Parliament, 391 
 
 Seward, William Henry, Secretary of State under Presi- 
 dent Lincoln, 404 
 
 Seymour, Horatio, War Governor of New York, .... 402 
 Sherman, John, United States Senator since j86i, . . . . 409 
 Sibley, Henry Hastings, Congressman ; Major-General 
 
 in Civil War, 411 
 
 Sidney, Sir Philip, English Statesman and Poet, . . . .41a 
 
 Smith, Samuel, Member of Parliament 416 
 
 SouTTAR, Robinson, Member of British Parliament, . . . 406 
 
 Spicer, Albert, Member of Parliament, 419 
 
 Sprague, William, United States Senator, 1863-1875; 
 
 Governor; Manufacturer, 421 
 
 Stamford, The Earl op, British Statesman, 43a 
 
 Stanley, Edward Geoffrey Smith ('-Lord Derby"), 
 
 Prime Minister of England 422 
 
 Stephens, Alexander Hamilton, Congressman, .... 429 
 
 Stewart, Mark J., Member of Parliament, 430 
 
 Stockton, Richard, Signer of Declaration of Independence, 431 
 
 Sully, Duke of, French Statesman, 400 
 
 Sumner, Charles, United States Senator 436 
 
 Swift, John Lindsay, Deputy Collector of Customs, . . . 440 
 
 Temple, Sir Richard, Member of Parliament, 448 
 
 Temple, Sir William, English Statesman ; Diplomat, . . 449 
 Thomson, Charles, Secretary of the First Continental 
 
 Congress, " 458 
 
 TocQUEViLLE, Alexis Charles Henry Clerel, French 
 
 Political Writer, 464 
 
 Tritton, Charles E., Member of British Parliament, . . 452 
 
 Trumbull, Jonathan, Colonial Statesman, 467 
 
 Vane, Sir Henry, English Republican Statesman, . . . .471 
 Vansittart, Nicholas (" Lord Bexley "), Member of Par- 
 liament, 474 
 
 Voorhees, Daniel Wolsey, United States Senator since 
 
 1877. 477 
 
 Walker, Joseph H., Congressman, 478 
 
 Walsingham, Sir Francis, English Statesman, 481 
 
 Wellington, George L., United States Senator, .... 526 
 Wheeler, Joseph, Member of Congress; Senior Confed- 
 erate Cavalry General, 499 
 
 Wheeler, William Almon, Congressman ; Vice-President 
 
 of the United States .....* 499 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 PAG^ 
 
 Wilson, Henry, United StatCvS Senator, 509 
 
 Wilson, John, Member of Parliament, 503 
 
 WiNCHiLSEA, The Earl of, 523 
 
 WiNDOM, William, United States Senator, 516 
 
 WiNTHROP, John, First Governor of Massachusetts Colony, 516 
 WiNTHROP, Robert Charles, Statesman and Author, . .518 
 Wotton, Sir Henry, English Diplomat and Author, . . . 522 
 Wright, Carroll Davidson, Statistician, 523 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 
 Albert, King of Saxony, -14 
 
 Alverstone, Lord, Lord Chief Justice of England, 16 
 
 Brooke, John R., Major-General, 51 
 
 Cranborne, Viscount, Member of Parliament, 74 
 
 Cavan, Lord, British Philanthropist, 75 
 
 CoLLis, Charles H. T., Brevet Major-General, 84 
 
 Cooper, Thomas Sidney, British Landscape and Animal Painter, 88 
 
 Crispi, Francesco, Late Prime Minister of Italy, 96 
 
 Cecil, Lord Hugh, Member of Parliament, • 109 
 
 Davis, Cushman Kellogg, Late United States Senator, . . . .118 
 
 Dale, Principal, British Educator, . . . 120 
 
 Hadley, Arthur Twining, President of Yale College, 235 
 
 Haggard, Henry Rider, British Novelist 235 
 
 Harlan, James, Late United States Senator, 235 
 
 Harlan, John Marshall, Associate Justice, Supreme Court, . . 235 
 Hutton,' Richard Holt, Journalist, late editor of The Spectator, 234 
 
 Kane, Elisha Kent, Arctic Explorer, 269 
 
 Kernahan, Coulson, British Author and Novelist, 270 
 
 Keen, William W., President American Medical Association, . .271 
 
 LossiNG, John Benson, Historian, 278 
 
 Lansdowne, Marquis of, British Foreign Secretary, . . , . . 298 
 Lowry, Robert William, British Major-General, ...... 300 
 
 Maxim, Hudson, Inventor of the "Maxim Gun," 315 
 
 Marlborough, Duke of, British General-in-Chief, 318 
 
 Markham, Edwin, Poet and Educator, 323 
 
 MoNTALEMBERT, Charles Forbes De., French Statesman, . . . 335 
 
 Napier, Sir Charles, BritiwSh Major-General, 338 
 
 Nelson Lord Horatio, British Hymn Compiler, • 176 
 
 Oscar II., King of Norway and Sweden, 345 
 
 Pitt, William, First Earl of Chatham ; British Statesman, . . . 366 
 Pemberton, Max, British Author; Editor of CasselVs Magazine, . 358 
 
 Representative Women and Christianity 529 
 
 Roberts, Lord, British Field Marshal 379 
 
 Salisbury, Marquis of. Prime Minister of Great Britian, .... 394 
 Smith, Charles Piazza, Late Astronomer Royal for Scotland, . 415 
 Simmons, Sir John Lintorn Arabin, British Field-Marshal, . . 437 
 
 Stewart, Dugald., Scottish Metaphysician, 442 
 
 Taney, Roger Brooke, Late Chief Justice, Supreme Court> . . . 445 
 Vance, Zebulon Baird, United States Senator, 470 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 The Holy Scriptures the Center of Attraction, Frontispiece 
 
 Dedicatory Group, Page 3 
 
 The Author " 4 
 
 The Adoration of the Wise Men, Following Introduction 
 
 My Mother's Bible, Following page 36 
 
 King Edward VII : Men whom Britains delight to 
 
 Honor, Following page 236 
 
 Witnesses for Christ Sacrificed to Lions, .... " " 250 
 Theodore Roosevelt, Twenty-sixth President; Am- 
 erica's Third Martyred President, Following page 312" 
 
 Thy Statutes have been My Songs, " " 380- 
 
 Washington in Prayer at Valley Forge, " '• 476* 
 
 The Bo5^hood of Christ; Christ and his Mother, . " ** 496 
 
 Christ, the First Friend of Woman, " " 547 
 
 Woman's Fidelity to Her Lord, " 529 
 
 Foremost Americans Champion the Divinity of ' 
 Christ; Rear Admirals of the Civil and Ameri- 
 can Spanish Wars, Following page 528 
 
 PORTRAITS IN GROUPS. 
 
 Following page 4 : Crowned Heads of Three Great Kingdoms: 
 
 Nicholas II., Czar of Russia. 
 Victoria, Late Queen of Great Britain. 
 William II., King of Prussia and Em- 
 peror of Germany. 
 
 Following page 16 : Representative Men : 
 
 Blaine, James G. 
 Gordon, Major-GeneraL 
 Logan, John A. 
 Lowell, James RusselL 
 Phillips, Wendell. 
 Shaftesbury, Lord. 
 Stanley, Henry M. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Following page 26 : Britons of World-Wide Fame : 
 
 Blackie, John Stuart. 
 Bright, John. 
 Coleridge, Lord. 
 Froude, James Anthony. 
 Livingston, David. 
 Wilberforce, William. 
 
 Following page 58 : Popular American Journalists : 
 
 Curtis, George William. 
 Dana, Charles Anderson. 
 Grady, Henry W. 
 Kohlsaat, Herman H. 
 Reid, Whitelaw. 
 Shepard, Elliott F. 
 Watterson, Henry. 
 
 Following page 76 : Eminent European Characters : 
 
 Andersen, Hans Christian. 
 Dante, Alighieri. 
 De Quincey, Thomas. 
 Fielding, Henry. 
 Gounod, Charles Francois. 
 Liszt, Franz. 
 Spinoza, Benedict. 
 
 Following page 96 : Presidents of Universities : 
 
 Angell, James B. 
 Harper, William R. 
 Northrop, Cyrus. 
 Rogers, Henry W. 
 Schurman, Jacob B. 
 Swain, Joseph. 
 
 Following page 114. German Household Names ; 
 
 Bach, Johann Sebastian. 
 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang. 
 Haydn, Franz Joseph. 
 Humboldt, Frederick H. A. 
 Klopstock, Frederick Gottlieb. 
 Schiller, Johann Christoph F. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Following page 132 : Honorable Men of Our Time : 
 
 Austin, Alfred, 
 Edgerton, Alfred P. 
 Field, Cyrus West. 
 Holland, Josiah Gilbert. 
 Lytton, Sir Edward Bulwer, 
 Choate, Joseph H. 
 Sherman, John. 
 
 Following page 150 : Distinguished Britons of Today : 
 
 Arnold, Matthew. 
 Balfour, Arthur J. 
 Halsbury, Eord. 
 Muir, Sir William. 
 Muller, Frederic Max. 
 Northbrook, Eord. 
 Williams, M. Monier. 
 
 Following page 166 : Public and Professional Men : 
 
 Agnew, David Hayes. 
 Brewer, David J. 
 Depew, Chauncey M. 
 Evarts, William H. 
 Morse, Elijah A. 
 Randall, Samuel J. 
 Thiers, Louis Adolphe. 
 
 Following page 182 : Famous British Poets : 
 
 Burns, Robert. 
 Chaucer, Geoffrey. 
 Cowper, William. 
 Lamb, Charles. 
 Pope, Alexander. 
 
 Following page 198 : Soldiers in the Civil War : 
 
 Howard, Major-General. 
 Longstreet, Major-General. 
 Merritt, Major-General. 
 Pleasonton, Major-General. 
 Schofield, Major-General. 
 Sickles, Major-General. 
 Wilson, Colonel. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Following page 214 : Leading Scientists of Great Britain: 
 
 Bennett, Sir Risdon. 
 Brewster, Sir David. 
 Clark, Sir Andrew. 
 Davy, Sir Humphrey. 
 Romanes, George John. 
 Simpson, Sir James Young. 
 Wilson, Sir George. 
 
 Following page 224 : American Favorites : 
 
 Aldrich, Thomas Bailey. 
 Agassiz, Jean Louis. 
 Motley, John Lathrop. 
 Prescott, William Hickling. 
 Sumner, Charles. 
 Wallace, Lew. 
 
 Following page 266 : Giving Thanks after Cervera's Defeat. 
 
 Lord Nelson in Prayer at Trafalgar. 
 
 Following page 282 : Nineteenth Century Military Leaders : 
 
 Bismarck, Prince. 
 Bonaparte, Napoleon. 
 Grant, Ulysses S. 
 Lee, Robert E. 
 Moltke, Count von. 
 Wellington, Duke of. 
 Wolseley, Lord. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 Following page 296 : Prominent United States Senators 
 
 Anthony, Henry B. 
 Cockrell, Francis M. 
 Foraker, Joseph B. 
 Frye, William P. 
 Gordon, John B. 
 Hawley, Joseph R. 
 Hoar, George F. 
 Palmer, Thomas W. 
 Thurston, John M. 
 Wilson, Henry. 
 
 Following page 330 : Presidents and Professors of Colleges; 
 
 Carter, Franklin. 
 Gates, Merrill E. 
 Jordan, S. 
 LeConte, Joseph. 
 Olney, Edward. 
 Swift, Lewis. 
 
 Following page 346 : Well-Known Governors of States : 
 
 Beaver, James A. 
 Flower, Roswell P. 
 Francis, David R. 
 Fuller, Levi K. 
 Gray, Isaac P. 
 Jackson, Frank D. 
 Northen, William J. 
 Rusk, Jeremiah M. 
 
 Following page 346 : Twentieth Century Governors. 
 
 Following page 360 : Typical Magazine Editors : 
 
 Alden, Henry M. 
 Bok, Edward W. 
 Gilder, Richard W. 
 Stead, William T. 
 Walker, John B. 
 Warner, Charles W. 
 
 Following page 360 : Illustrious Presidents of Universities ; 
 
 Fetterolf, A. H. 
 Hadley, Arthur T. 
 Venable, Francis P. 
 Webb, Alexander S. 
 Wheeler, Benjamin I. 
 
GENERAI. INDEX. 
 
 Following page 400 : Chief Justices, United States Supreme Court : 
 
 Chase, Salmon P. 
 Ellsworth, Oliver. 
 Jay, John. 
 Marshall, John. 
 Taney, Roger B. 
 Waite, Morris R. 
 
 Following page 418: Federal Major-Generals and Naval Officers: 
 
 Belknap, George F, 
 Dix, John A. 
 Farragut, David G. 
 McClellan, George B. 
 Mahan, Alfred T. 
 Porter, David D. 
 Scott, Winfield. 
 Sherman, William T. 
 Thomas, George H. 
 
 Following page 436 : University Presidents : 
 
 Draper, Andrew S. 
 Gilman, Daniel C. 
 Jesse, Richard H. 
 Johnston, William P, 
 Low, Seth. 
 MacLean, George E. 
 Snow, Francis H. 
 
 Following page 454 : Celebrities of the United States : 
 
 Clarkson, Thaddeus S. 
 Dingley, Nelson. 
 Foster, John W. 
 Hay, John. 
 Long, John D. 
 Walker, Joseph H. 
 Wheeler, Joseph. 
 Woodford, Stewart L^ 
 
 Following page 488 : Heroes of the Spanish American War: 
 
 Dewey, George. 
 
 Philip, J. W. 
 
 Roosevelt, Theodore. 
 
 Schley, W. S. 
 
 The United States a Christian Nation 
 
 Following page 574 : Types of Historic Royalty. 
 
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