IC-NRLF 
 
 HORNE'S 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA 
 GERMAN MANUAL 
 
 How Pennsylvania German is Spoken 
 
 9r <& 
 
 Profusely Illustrated 
 
 M HORN so 
 
 PENSYLFAWNISH 
 DEITSH 
 
 'S PERT MOL UN FEL FASBES 
 
M. D. Leanard, Ph. D., of the 
 University of Pennsylvania, in 
 his commendable work and 
 scientific treatment of the 
 Pennsylvania German Dialect, 
 says: " 'M Horn sei Pennsyl- 
 vanish Deitsh Buch" is by far 
 the most complete of the Penn- 
 sylvania German speech. 
 
 Press of 
 
 DEMOCRAT PUBLISHING CO- 
 
 Allentown, Pa. 
 
 1910. 
 
Horned 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 German Manual 
 
 HOW PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN IS 
 SPOKEN AND WRITTEN 
 
 FOR PRONOUNCING, SPEAKING 
 AND WRITING ENGLISH 
 
 Third Edition 
 
 Enlarged and Profusely Ilhistrated 
 
 PART I. ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 PART II. PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE, 
 WITH ENGLISH TRANSLATION 
 
 PART III. PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN DICTIONARY, 
 WITH GRAMMAR AND SPELLING RULES 
 
 PART IV. ENGLISH VOCABULARY 
 
 BY 
 
 A. R. HORNE, A. M., D. D. 
 
 tt 
 
 Allentown, Pa. 
 T. K. Home, Publisher 
 
 Copyright 1905 by T. K. Home 
 
 1910 Print 
 
PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. 
 
 In issuing the third edition of Home's Pennsylvania 
 German Manual the publisher is responding to a wide 
 public demand. 
 
 An examination of this new edition will reveal many 
 additional illustrative features that will prove both in- 
 teresing and instructive to the student and reader. 
 
 In respect to the criticism passed upon Dr. Home's 
 method of spelling used in the Manual, let it be borne 
 in mind that the author followed the phonetic rules 
 with a suggestion of grammar contained in the book, 
 which when carefully studied are of great aid in learn- 
 ing to read and pronounce the dialect correctly. 
 
 It is an absolute necessity that all Pennsylvania 
 Germans desiring to learn to pronounce the English 
 correctly, faithfully study and practice the English 
 pronunciation lessons especially prepared for this pur- 
 pose by the author. These exercises are based upon 
 long years of experience in school-work among the 
 Pennsylvania Germans. 
 
 Since the Second Edition was printed there have 
 been many new additions to Pennsylvania German 
 literature that have come into prominence. Selec- 
 tions from these are embodied. As previously stated 
 the Manual serves as a Guide-book in pronouncing, 
 speaking and writing English, and at the same time 
 shows how Pennsylvania German is spoken and 
 written. 
 
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION. 
 
 Twenty years ago Home's Pennsylvania German Manual was pub- 
 lished, and such was the demand for it that the edition, with the excep- 
 tion of a few hundred copies, which the author had reserved, for special 
 purposes, was soon exhausted. The book has now been out of print over 
 ten years, but thousands of copies would have been sold, if they could 
 have been obtained. The necessity for such a work might be supposed 
 to exist no longer, and, yet, experience and observation shows that, m 
 Pennsylvania German districts, on the very eve of the twentieth century, 
 what was said, in the preface of the first edition, may well be 
 repeated here. 
 
 An experience of a quarter of a century, as a teacher, among the 
 people of Eastern Pennsylvania, in addition to being born and educated 
 a Pennsylvania German, and being compelled to contend with all the 
 disadvantages under which our people labor, in their entire ignorance 
 of the English language, has convinced us, long ago, that the system of 
 education generally pursued among this people admits of very great 
 improvement, as far as it pertains to language exercises. 
 
 That our Pennsylvania Germans can reason and study as well as 
 ttl,ers, is abundantly proved by the fact that in mathematics, where 
 la.Mg-uage is less of a desideratum than thinking and reasoning, they are 
 found to be fully equal, if not superior, to those whose mother tongue is 
 tin: English, or the high German. 
 
 In pronunciation arid readiness of expression, however, they laboi 
 under gnat disadvantages, inasmuch as they are required to learn a 
 nt'.v language the moment they enter the school room. This is impera- 
 tively necessary, since Pennsylvania German has no written language, 
 no grammar, no fixed forms of orthography, but very little literature ani 
 in Mil probability will always remain a colloquial rather than a written 
 language. 
 
 The jrrcat problem presented for solution, is how shall six to eight 
 hundred thousand inhabitants of Eastern Pennsylvania, to say nothing 
 of those of other parts of our own fet.-ite and of other States, to whom 
 Siigl'sh is as much a dead language as Latin and Greek, acquire a suf- 
 ficicM knowledge of English to enable them to use that language iutelli- 
 
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION 
 
 gently ? They can not pick it up on the street, nor do they learn it in 
 school. A trial of from thirty to forty years has convinced us of this, 
 as every careful observer will also bear us out. 
 
 To render such assistance to those who speak Pennsylvania German 
 only, as will enable them the more readily to acquire the English, has 
 induced us to prepare this Manual. 
 
 The book is divided into four parts : 
 
 Part first embraces Lessons in Pronunciation, and drills in those 
 sounds, which cause difficulties to those who speak German. The object 
 of part first is, therefore, to teach, by easy lessons, how to master these 
 defects, and to acquire a correct pronunciation of the English. 
 
 In part second, we give a number of exercises written in Pennsyl- 
 vania German. This part of the book is designed to afford those who 
 use it an opportunity to become familiar with the English, by translating 
 from their own language into the English. 
 
 Part third is the Pennsylvania German dictionary. Here are given 
 not only the words employed in part second, with their English equiva- 
 lents, but also all the words in use in the Pennsylvania German lan- 
 guage. By means of this vocabulary, Pennsylvania Germans can learn 
 to speak and write English properly. 
 
 Part fourth is a special addition to the present volume. It contains 
 English words with their Pennsylvania German equivalents. This will 
 be convenient for those who desire to know what the Pennsylvania Ger- 
 man of an English expression is. 
 
 In the hope that this Manual may serve as a guide to the study of 
 English, and that it may facilitate the acquisition of the language, a 
 thorough knowledge of which is indispensable to every Pennsylvania!!, 
 ii is submitted to the public, for use in schools and families. 
 
 ALLKMTUVVN, PA., 18U5. A. R. IL 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 Rules and Suggestions With Examples for Drill 
 In Pronunciation. 
 
 GENERAL REMARKS. 
 
 This book is not designed as a Manual of Elocution, nor for 
 teaching reading and pronunciation in general. Our purpose 
 is simply to furnish a tew plain suggestions for correcting the 
 mistakes which persons, whose mother tongue is the German, 
 are apt to make in their efforts to acquire the English. All 
 direciions for giving those sounds which are the same in Ger- 
 man as in English are, therefore, omitted. Any one of the 
 ordinary School Readers will furnish the necessary rules and 
 exercise* for this purpose. 
 
 The following general suggestions, however, will be found 
 of special importance : 
 
 A very common fault noticed, among Pennsylvania Ger- 
 mans, in their conversation and reading, is the nasal tone. 
 The voice sounds as if it came through the nose, when, in 
 reality, the fault lies in compressing the sides of the nose, so 
 as to prevent the clear and full escape of the breath through 
 the nostrils. Prof. Haldeman first called attention to the 
 nasal feature in Pennsylvania German pronunciation, as 
 heard in Sht'a, stone; rn'a, more, etc. This Polish nasal 
 sound is very common, and hence its creeping into English is 
 easily accounted for. The chief security against it consists in 
 fully expanding the chest, and freely opening the mouth, as 
 is done in coughing, so as to allow the voice to escape through 
 the nasal passage*. At the same time care must be taken not 
 to raise the veil of the palate so high a* to stop the nasal 
 s in the style of the obstruction caused by a cold. 
 
 An almo.-t universal error, among German children who 
 are learning the English, is the monotonous prolongation of 
 final syllables. In fact this fault is not confined to children. 
 It is H3 common even among adults, that persons from other 
 parts of the State have asserted their ability to detect an in- 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIAT ON 
 
 itf.i^ vvf this section of the State by his modulation. 
 The formation of this habit must be broken up in children 
 by teaching them to pronounce their words short, when read- 
 ing and speaking. Rev. Jacob Gruber, a Methodist preacher, 
 who was a native of Eastern Pennsylvania, cured one of his 
 brethren who had addicted himself to drawling and " sing- 
 songing" his words by addr3?sing to him the following note: 
 
 "Dear-ah brother-ah, when-ah you-ah preach-ah again-ah 
 do-ah not-ah say-ah so-ah often-ah ah-ah." 
 
 Your-ah brother-ah, 
 
 JACOB-AH GRUBER AH. 
 
 A similar, mild ridiculing may serve a good purpose, with 
 those who have formed this unpleasant and objectionable habit 
 
 Commence in Childhood. 
 Shape of the Mouth in making the Long e as in Me. 
 
 1C 
 
PARENTS, TEACHERS, can the children 
 give the English Pronunciation? 
 
 It is a job to chop Jane's chain. 
 He fell on the ice and hurt his eyes. 
 I thought I sought the thick sick man in the South. 
 He wets his whetstone with wine, and whines when he 
 cuts the vines. 
 
 Correct Pronunciation, in 12 Lessons. 
 
 VOWELS. 
 
 LESSON I. SHORT E. 
 
 The sound of e in men, egg, beg, etc., is apt to be pro- 
 longed into mane, aeg, baeg. 
 
 Rule. Sound short e like the German e in Henry, Bell, etc. 
 
 Pronounce : Bed, dead, fed, head, led, lead, ned, read, 
 said, wedding. 
 
 Deaf, Jeff, left, Neff, beg, beggar, egg, leg. 
 
 Ben, again, den, hen, ten, men, then, when, pen, wren. 
 
 Cent, end, bet, let, net, set, wet, met, tell, bell, tell, 
 sell, well, spell. 
 
 When men sell ten pens for a cent, begging can be 
 expected next. 
 
 Deaf Ben said he was led to a wedding. 
 
 [Take up a newspaper or a Reader, and read aloud a num- 
 ber of paragraphs, giving short e the proper sound where it 
 occurs. 
 
 Wnffh closely all whom you hear speaking and reading dur- 
 ing the day and note the mistakes which you hear.] 
 
 LESSON IL LONG U. 
 
 This sound is often given like o in do, which is wrong. 
 
 Rule. Sound long u like the first syllable in Yu-ni, Juni, 
 June, so as to rhyme with few. 
 
 The exceptions to this rule are when u follows r, 8 and sh. 
 
 Pronmmce : Due, dew, adieu, allude, allure, lute, lure, 
 new, knew, true, sugar, during, manure, endure, dupli- 
 cate, duly, reduce, illume, presume, lubricate, Lubec, 
 luminous, lunatic, lunar, nude, Nubia, New York, New 
 Orleans, Newfr.uf.dland, newly, numerator, numerically, 
 rmnnerate, nuisance, Neuse. neuter, ruby, Reuben, rural, 
 ui.t..cvis. superlative, insurance, tube, intrude, commute, 
 
 11 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 introduce, peninsula, sure, student, steward, duplicate. 
 
 What is the difference between pure gold and poor gold? 
 
 The constitutioi. of the institute was read during. Tues- 
 day's meeting, and, being duly discussed, it was reduced 
 to a new form, of which duplicates were circulated. 
 
 [The same directions for practice, as given in the last lesson 
 should be followed iu this and every exercise.] 
 
 LESSON III. SHORT O. 
 
 0, as heard in ox, not, etc., is sometimes given too 
 broad a sound, so as to resemble the German a, as in all. 
 Thus dog is pronounced dawg, coffee, caw-fee, etc. This 
 is wrong. The short o should be sounded as it is heard 
 in box, sot, etc., words familiar to all Grerman children. 
 
 Pronounce : Mock, rock, yonder, stock, off, of, oft, 
 offal, offer, often, ostrich, accost, across, forty, gospel, 
 gosling, gone, lord, wont, softly, soften, knock, sock, was, 
 what, wander. 
 
 Pj-jf. Coilin is fond of coffee, but not of egg-nog. 
 
 CONSONANT SOUNDS. 
 
 LESSON IV. B, P, D, T, G AND K. 
 
 B and p, d and t are frequently interchanged. This, 
 however, is only from carelessness, and not because Ger- 
 man children have any difficulty in giving these sounds. 
 These sounds are just as common in German as in Eng- 
 lish, only the lines of distinction' especially between d and 
 t, are not as closely drawn. Hence words commencing 
 with t -ire sometimes pronounced as if they commenced 
 with i, as dot for tod. The only rule necessary on this 
 poi- .1 is : Exercise care, so as not to confound these sounds. 
 
 EXCEPTION. D ha* the sound of t in the final syllable 
 *.d. when the e is silent and follows k, p, ch, *h, ss and x, 
 as shipped (shipt) mixed (rnixt.) 
 
 Pronounce : Hissed, sacked, approached, wished, 
 knocked, cocked, docked, smoked, choked, poked, popped, 
 dropped, wrapped, capped, hatched, scratched, latched, 
 irutchoJ, mashed, lashed, washed, fished, missed, kissed, 
 
 12 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 tossed, mixed, boxed, fixed. 
 
 The horse kicked and jumped till he had pushed and 
 pulled all the harness from him. 
 
 The published reports were searched, after he addressed 
 the mixed assembly. 
 
 LESSON V. CH. 
 
 Rule. Sound ch like tsh, and not like j or g. Say tshest, 
 and not jest, when you pronounce chest, tshill, not gill or 
 jill for chill, etc. 
 
 This rule requires daily drills. 
 
 Pronounce : Chair, chalk, change, chamber, chapel, 
 chase, chat, cheap, cheese, checker, chief, child, cheer, 
 chest, cheat, chew, choose, chum, chip, cheap, chisel, ex- 
 change, chin, cherry, choke, chop, chosen, chubby. 
 
 Chief Justice Chase's child chews juicy cherries. 
 
 Jews choose to chew juice. 
 
 Jerusalem, my chief joy. 
 
 The chair was jeered and G} eered. 
 
 It is a job to chop Jane's 'Lain. 
 
 LESSON VI. G SOFT, AND J. 
 
 These sounds are precisely similar, and are often con- 
 founded with ch, so that gem, Jane, etc., are pronounced 
 chem, chain, etc. 
 
 Rule. Give G soft and J, the sound of dj or dzh. 
 
 Pronounce, : Gem, gill, general, gender, gentle, gen- 
 uine, gesture, j<tck, jag, jail, iam, Japan, jar, jaundice, 
 Jane, jay, jealous, jeer, jelly, Jennie, jerk, Jersey, giant, 
 gigantic, gist, gypsy, gymnastics, gypsum, genesis, geo- 
 graphy, George, German, jest, jet, Jew, jig, Jim, James, 
 job, jogging, John, joint, joke, jolly, just, June, ginger. 
 
 The fo. lowing circumstance, which actually happened a few 
 years ago. will illustrate how those whose mother tongue is 
 the German may commit very serious blunders, in confound- 
 ing the sound of "ch" and "j." A letter was dropped into 
 thf New York post office, directed to Nucharmoni Nucharsi. 
 The U. S. Directory \\as examined to ascertain the locality 
 of this place. Pot offices were found in the Swedish and 
 
 13 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 Norwegian settlements in the West, whose names somewhat 
 resembled the sounds of this address. The letter was sent to 
 each of these offices, but was as often returned to New York, 
 with the remark "does not belong to this place." At length, 
 the letter having again been returned to New York, the atten- 
 tion of one of the German clerks was called to the endorse- 
 ment, who at once deciphered it as New Germany, New 
 -Jersey, a place within fifty miles of New York. The letter 
 forwarded thither, found its owner in a few hours after its 
 circuitous route of six weeks, and twice as many thousand 
 oiles, all in consequence of a German's misconception of 
 the "j" sound. 
 
 LESSON VII. S. 
 
 S, lias two sounds the regular sharp or hissing sound, 
 as heard in Sam, this, miss, etc., and the buzzing sound 
 of z, as has, was, is, etc., pronounced haz, woz, iz, etc. 
 To give s its proper sound in all cases is one of the most 
 difficult tasks in learning English, and usually requires 
 great care, much time, and persistent drill. 
 
 Rule 1. At the beginning of a word S always has the sharp 
 or hissing sound, as see, some; not zee, zome. 
 
 Rule 2. At the end of a word s usually has the z sound, as 
 has, is, etc. 
 
 The exceptions to this rule are (1) after p, c, &, t and / (2) 
 in the terminations us and ous (3) in the terminations as and 
 is (except the words has, was, whereas, his, is and the plurals 
 in eas) (4) in the termination es when e is silent and follows 
 jp, k and t. In all these cases it has the aspirated or simple s 
 sound, as tops, tacks, conscious, writes, gas, kiss, etc. 
 
 Rule 3. S when neither at the beginning nor at the end of 
 a word usually has the sharp or hissing sound, except (1) in 
 the termination ism, son and sen, as reason, seasou (rezii, sezn) 
 (2) usually after the prefix re, as reside [rezide] (3) in dis- 
 arm, disaster, discern, disease, disheir, disdain, dishonest, dis- 
 honor, dismal, disown, dissolve. (Commit these eleven to 
 memory.) [4] often in the terminations se, as rose [roze] 
 praise [praize,] though sometimes s in terminations se is 
 aspirated, as house, cease, increase. 
 
 Rule 4- I n nouns and adjectives s is aspirated, while in 
 verbs it has the z sound, as use, close, rise. 
 
 S, in praise, close and cause, as nouns, has the z sound, and 
 in chase, cease and lease, as verbs, the aspirate. 
 
ENGLISH PRONOUNCIATION 
 
 Rule 5. C soft has the z sound in sacrifice, suffice and 
 discern. 
 
 Pronounce, according to Rule 1 : Say, see, some, 
 since, sew. 
 
 Pronounce, according to Rule 2, and watch the excep- 
 tions : As, is, his, has, was, kiss, gas, peas, does, tongs, 
 mass, toes, noes, dominos, iniquitous, eyes, joys, snuffers, 
 laws, trowsers, eaves, shears, tears?. 
 
 Pronounce the following according to Rule 3, and note 
 the exceptions : Base, aspect, desire, mason, desolate, dis- 
 burse, disgrace, disease,decease, disdain, disclose, discorse, 
 discount, disguise, disregard, dissolution, dislocate, dis- 
 solve, disusage, (In how many of the prefixes dis has s 
 the z sound?) prison, easy, gosling, dysentery, lose, loose, 
 miserable, music, muse, research, resemble, resent, resist, 
 reserve, reside, resign, resolve, resort, resource, resolu- 
 tion, increase, house. (It is best to examine the diction- 
 ary for each one of the preceding words.) 
 
 Rule 4 Examples of nouns, aojecrive and verbs. Cease, 
 copies, dice, dies, fus**, g ret* ft*, [m,un] grt-a***-, [verb] rise, 
 [noun] abuse, the ill use of a thing, auu ahusf. to me ill, close, 
 the conclusion, and clo*e, to shut, excuse, an apoloyy. and ex- 
 cuse, to pardon, use as a vtovn, and use as a verb. 
 
 It is easy for a mouse to mouse in a house, if the use 
 of the refuse clothes is refused her in the barn. 
 
 A mason leased a house from a close-fisted, disobedient 
 musician. 
 
 Choose a useftu position, and rise in history, above the 
 base hisses of disrespectful asses, to unceasing praise. 
 
 His cousin was as great a tease as ever housed peas in 
 trowsers. 
 
 He fell on the ice and hurt his eyes. 
 
 A thousand drowsy, dishonest noisy chaise drivers 
 chased us with their noses. 
 
 [As additional drills on the sounds of s take a book 01- a 
 newspaper and mark with a lead pencil all s's having the z 
 sound. Then practice in pronouncing all words in which the 
 letter s occurs. Write on the blackboard, or in a memorandum 
 book, all the words in whioh s is pronounced incorrectly. 
 Repeat these exercises, and review the words mispronounced 
 daily, until you have mastered them all.] 
 
 15 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 LESSON VI It. TH. 
 
 Th has two sounds, the sharp, as heard in thing, and 
 the soft, as heard in then. 
 
 Rule. Give the sound of t with the tongue approaching the 
 lower lip and the upper teeth for the sharp, and the sound of 
 d in the same way for the soft th sound. Or, shape the lips as 
 if you were going to give the / sound, and then whisper t for 
 the sharp th, and give an utterance of the voice with t for the 
 soft th. 
 
 Pronounce: Thence, thick, thieves, thimble, thigh, 
 thirst, truths, paths, this, thought, thistle, thou, thou- 
 sand, thunder. 
 
 I thought I sought the thick sick man in the South. 
 
 All her paths are paths of peace. 
 
 The souse of the south is so thick, that the sick man 
 thought it was thicker than thistles. 
 
 The strife ceaseth, peace approacheth, and he rejoiceth. 
 
 The sea ceaseth and that sufnceth us. 
 
 Three-fourths of three-fifths of seven-sixths of three- 
 eighths. 
 
 He that despiseth his neighbor sinneth. 
 
 He that ret'useth thriftlessness and rejoiceth in thorough 
 thinking thrives. 
 
 Demosthenes practiceth callisthenics. 
 
 [All pupils who fail to give the th sound correctly should be 
 put into a class, and drilled on exercises like the above daily, 
 till they can give the sound perfectly. Make them stand <n 
 the floor, and do not permit any one to rak*- his sra r . rill tie 
 gives th correctly, if it takes till uaidni^Li. Persevere, 
 persevere.] 
 
 LESSON IX. V AND W. 
 
 These sounds are frequently interchanged, by those 
 who speak German, owing to there being no w sound in 
 that language. The Germans give their v the sound of 
 /, and w the sound of v. Woll is pronounced like the 
 English voll, wein, vine, etc. 
 
 Rule. To produce the v sound place the lower lip against 
 the upper teeth and explode the breath. To produce the w 
 
 16 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 sound press both lips forward, and form a round opening in 
 front now imitate the sound of the wind. 
 
 Pronounce : Vine, wine, vave, wave, vea!, weal, wale, 
 vale, veil, wail, Verde, word, versed, worst, vest, west, 
 wile, vile, vice, wise, vie, y, bewail, avail, revenge, revive, 
 intervene, interweave, swear, won, one, one-valved, v. 
 
 Virgie wants to visit Wilkes-Barre once. 
 
 Victor Wood would vote once for a winter vacation. 
 
 We were very well aware that the wag was void of 
 wisdom. 
 
 LESSON X. WH. 
 
 Rule. In wh sound the h first, like hw or hu, not witch for 
 which, wat for what, but hwich or huich, hwat, orhuat. 
 
 Pronounce : Wheel, weal, veal, whist, wist, wharf, 
 where, ware, when, wen, while, wile, vile, whip, white, 
 which, why, y. vie, whiskers, whistle, Whitsuntide, 
 whopper. 
 
 Tlie Prince of Wales caught whales. 
 
 He wets his whetstone with wine, and whines when he 
 cuts the vines. 
 
 What whim led White Whitney to whittle, whistle, 
 whisper and whimper near tha wharf, where a whale 
 wheeled and whirled ? 
 
 Whateley, Whittier and Whitefield never were at 
 Wheeling. 
 
 LESSON XL X. 
 
 X represents a compound sound, which is either a 
 combination of ks or gz. 
 
 Rule- X generally has the sound of gz before an accented 
 syllable beginning with a vowel or h, in other cases it has the 
 ks sound. 
 
 Note. This rule is mostly applicable to the prefix ex, and 
 the deriviatives of such words a&have the accent on the syl- 
 lable following ex in the primary. 
 
 Example, exalt, etc., are in accordance with this rule pro- 
 nounced exgzample, egzalt, etc., exemplary, exhalation, etc,, 
 
 2a 17 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 being derivatives from words having the accent on the syllable 
 following ex, are according to the note, pronounced egzem- 
 plary, egzhalation. 
 
 Such words as proximity, doxology, etc., though accented 
 on the syllable following x, inasmuch as the first syllable is 
 not ex, are pronounced proksimity, doksology, etc. Aux- 
 iliary, however, follows the rules. 
 
 Pronounce in accordance with the rule, observing the note 
 and explanations: Expand, exotic, exhaust, express, exalt, 
 exist, exile, (eksile, because accented on the first syllable) 
 exhort (egzhort) exhortation (ekshortation, becau.se the accent 
 is changed from the syllable hor to ta,) exert, exhibit, exhi- 
 bition (exhibition for the same reason as ekshortation) ex- 
 port, exonerate, exigence, executive, execution, execute, 
 executor, executer, exempt, example, exemplary, excuse. 
 
 He executed the doxology in an excellent and exemplary 
 manner. 
 
 The executrix examined the excellent exotics. 
 
 Luxury is a noun, but luxurious is an adjective, anxious i? 
 an adjective, but anxiety is a noun. 
 
 1 JLSSON XII. 
 
 The following comprises a list of words which are frequently 
 mispronounced, not only by Germans, but also by the English 
 part of the community : 
 
 Abdomen, ab-do f meu, not ab' do-men. Abjectly, ab'ject-li, 
 not ab-ject'li. Accent, (verb) ak-sent', not'ak'sent. Accli- 
 mate, ak-kli'mat, not ak'kli-mat. Address, ad-dress', not 
 ad' dress. Adult, a-dult', not ad'ult. Aggrandize, ag'gran- 
 diz, not ag-gran'diz. Albumen, al-bu'men, not al'bu-men. 
 Alien, ale/yen, noi a'li-en. Alternate, al-ter'nat, not awl-ter'- 
 nat. Antepenult, an-te-pe-nult', not an-te-pe'nult. Apostle, 
 a-pos'l, not a-pos'tl nor a-paws'l. Arctic, ark'tik, not ar'tik. 
 Area, a're a, not a-re'a. Associate, as-so'shi-at, not as-so'shat. 
 
 Beelzebub, be-el'ze-bub, not bel'ze-bub. Biennial, bi-en'- 
 ni-al, not bi-en'yal. Blackguard, blag'ard, not blak'gard. 
 Bouquet, boo-ka' or boo'ka, not bo-ka'. Breeches, britch'ez, 
 not brech'ez. Bronchitis, bron-ky'tis, not bron-ke'tis. 
 
 Camelopard, ca-mel'o-purd, not cam-el-lep'ard. Cassimere, 
 cas'si mer, not caz'i-mer. Caucasian, caw-ca'shan, not caw- 
 cash'an. Chisel, chiz'el, not chiz'l. Christianity, crist-yan'i-ti. 
 Christmas, cris'mas, not crist'mas. Communist, com'mu-nist, 
 not com-mu'nist. Concave, cong'cav, not con'cav. Concise, 
 
 18 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 con-sis', not con-siz'. Concourse, cong'cors, not con'cors. 
 Conquer, cong'ker, not con'ker nor con'kwer. Conversant, 
 con'ver-sant, not con-ver'sant. Covetous, cuv'et-us, not cuve'- 
 chus. Creek, crek, not crik. 
 
 Decadence, de-ca'dence, not dec'a-dence. Desist, de-sist', 
 not de-zist'. Desolate, des / o-lat, not dez/o-lat. Diffuse, dif- 
 fus 7 , not dif-fuz'. Diffusive, dif-fu'siv, not dif-fu'ziv. Diph- 
 theria, dif-the / ri-a, not dip-the'ri-a. Docile, dos'il, not do^il. 
 Dysentery, dis / en-ter-i, not di7/en-ter-i. 
 
 Enervate, e-uerVat, not en'er-vat. Equable, e'kwa-bl or 
 eb'wa-bl. Equation, e-kwas'hun, not e-kwa'zhun. Erudite, 
 er'oo-dit, not er'u-dit. Etiquette, et'i ket, not et'i-kwet. Eu- 
 ropean, u-ro-pe'aii, not u-ro'pe-an. 
 
 Falcon, fa\v ; kn, not fal'kn. Financer, fin'an-ser, not 
 fi-nan-sei- 7 . 
 
 Garrulous, gar'roo-lus, not gar'yoo-lus. Geography, je-og'- 
 ra-fi. God, God, not Gawd. Gooseberry, gooz'ber-ri, not 
 goos'ber-ri. Grandmother, grand'inuth-er, not gran'muther. 
 
 Heinous, ha'nus, not han'yus nor he'nus. Homoeopathy, 
 ho-me-op'a-thi, not ho'me-o-path-i. 
 
 Illustrate, il-lus'trat, not il ; lus-trat. 
 
 Leisure, le'zhur, not lezh'ur nor la ; zhur. Level, leVel, not 
 1-ev'l. Lichen, li'ken or lich'en. Licorice, lik'o-ris, not lik x er- 
 ish. Lien, le'en or li'en, not leen. 
 
 Marigold, mar'i-gold, not ma^i-gold. 
 
 Oasis, o'a-sis or o-a'sis. 
 
 Piano, pi-a'no or pe-an'o. Presbyterian, prez-bi-te'ri-an, not 
 pres-by-te'ri-an. Produce, prod'uce, not pro'duce. Psalmody, 
 saFmo-di, not sam x o-di. Pump-kin, pump^dn. 
 
 Reconnoissance, re-con'nis-sance, not re-con -nois'sance. Re- 
 covery, re-cuv'er-i, not re-cuv'ri. Refutable, re-fut'a-bl, not 
 rei'u-ta-bl. Robust, ro bust', not ro'bust. 
 
 Sacrilegious, sac-ri-le'jus, not sac-n-lij'us. Sanguine, sang'- 
 g\vin, not san'gwin. Scabious, sca'bi-us, not scab'i-us. Seiue, 
 sene, not sane. Sentient, sen'shi-ent, not sen'shent. Series, 
 se'ri-ez or se'rez. Sergeant, sar'jant or ser'jant. Shew, sho, 
 not shu. Sixth, siksth, not sikst. Slough, (a mire hole) 
 slow, not sluf. Slough, (a scab) sluf, not slow. Spinach, 
 spiu'aj, not spin'atsh. Statu quo (L,) sta'tu-kwo, not stat'- 
 ery-ko. Subsidence, sub-sid'eiice, not sub'si-dence. Sui-cidal, 
 *u'i-sid-al, not su-i-sid'al. Superficies, su-per-fish'i-ez or su- 
 per-fish'ez. Supple, sup'l, not soo'pl. Surnamed, sur-namd', 
 not sur'-namd. Survey, (noun) sur'va or sur-va'. Synod, 
 sin'od, not si'nod. 
 
 Tableau, tab-lo' or tab'lo. Tassel, ta^'sel or tos'J, not taw'- 
 
 19 
 
ENGLISH PKONUNCIATION 
 
 gel. Tenable, ten'a-bl, not te'na-bl. Three-legged, three-legd', 
 not three-leg'ged. Tongs, tongz, not tawngz. Toothed, 
 tootht, not, toothd. Tortoise, tor'tiz or tor'tis, not tor'tois. 
 Toward, to'urd, not to-wawrd'. Tranquil, trang'kwil, not 
 tran'kwil. Transact, trans-akt', not tranz-akt'. Transition, 
 tran-sizh'un, not trans-ish'un. Transparent, trans-par'ent, not 
 trans-pa'rent. Tremendous, tre-men'dus, not tre-mend'yoo-us. 
 Tribune, trib'uu, not tri'bun. Troche, tro'ke, not trok nor 
 
 tro'che. Truculent, troo'ku-lent, not truk'u-lerwt. Tuesday, 
 tuz'di, not tooz'di. Truths, troos, not troothz. 
 
 Unctuous, unkt'yoo-us, not unk'shus. Usage, yoo'zij, not 
 yoo'sij. 
 
 Vaccinate, vak'si-nat, not vas / si-nat. Vase, vas or vaz. 
 Vicar, vik'ar, not vi'kar. Vignette, vin-yet x , not vin-et'. 
 Viscount, vi'kownt, not vis'kownt. 
 
 Water, waw'ter, not wot'er. Whole, hoi, not hul. Wrong, 
 rong, not rawng. 
 
 Yesterday, yes'ter-da, not yis'ter-da. 
 
 Altercate, al'ter-kate, not awl'ter-kate. Archangel, ark- 
 an 7 jel, not artch-an x jel. Auction, awk x s hun, not ok x shun. 
 Cater-cornered, ka x ter-cor-nerd, not kat x ty-cor-nered. Catalpa, 
 ka-tal x pa, not ka-taw x pa. Cognomen, kog-no^en, not kog x - 
 no-men. Comparable, kom^a-ra-ble, not kom-pa^a-ble. Con- 
 trary, kon x tra-ry, not kon-tra x ry. Data, da x ta, not dat x a. 
 Defalcation, de-fal-ka x shun, not de-fa wl-ka x shun. Dessert, 
 dez-zert x , not dez x -zert. Extant, ex x tant, not ex-tant 7 . Gratis, 
 gra^tis, not grat-is. Hearth, harth, not herth. Hygiene, 
 hi^i-ene, not hi-geen. Isolate, is^-late, not i^o-late. Min- 
 eralogy, min-er-aFo-jy, not min-er-ol-o-jy. Nasal, na / zal, not 
 na x sal. Placard, pla-kard x , not plak'ard. Plait, plat, not 
 
 plat. Pretty, prit x ty, not pre x ty. Primeval, pri-me / val, not 
 prim^-val. Rabies, ra x bi-ez, not rab / ez, Recess, re-cess 7 , not 
 re x cess. Sacrament, sa^ra-ment, not sa x kra-nient. Slake, 
 slake, not slak. Soften, soffn, not sawften. Subtile, sub'til, 
 not sut x tle. Subtle, sut x tle, not sub / tle. Usurp, yu^urp 7 , 
 not yu-surp 7 . Yeast, yeest, not east. 
 
 Bethphage, beth x pha-je, not beth x phaje. Sinai, si x na, not 
 si'na-i. Zaccheus, zak-ke / us, not zak / ke-us. 
 
 Beethoven, ba / to-ven, not bee^ho-ven. Bozzaris, bot^a-ris, 
 not boz-zai^is. Buchanan, buck-an x an, not bu-kan x an. D'Au- 
 bigne, do-ben-ya 7 , not daw-been 7 . Hemans, hem x anz, not 
 he / manz. Macleod, mak-lowd 7 , not mak-le x od. Ponce de 
 Leon, pon 7 tha da la-on x , notpons de le x on. Richelieu, reesh^- 
 loo, not rich / e-loo. Rothchild, ros'child cr ro^shilt, not 
 roth / child. Thiers, te-air 7 , not theers. 
 
 20 
 
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION 
 
 Amherst, am'erst, not am / -herst. Arkansas, ar-kan'sas, not 
 ar'kan-saw. Asia, a'she-a, not a'zhe-a. Beloochistan, bel- 
 oo-chis-tan', not bel-oo-chis'tan. Bingen, bing'en, not bin'jen. 
 Genoa, jen'o-a, not je-no'a. Newfoundland, nu'fond-land, 
 not nu-found / land. Yosemite, yo-sem'e-te, not yo'se-mite. 
 
 Augustine, aw-gus / tin, not aw'gus-teen. Giles, jilz, not 
 gilz. Joshua, josh'u-a, not josh'a-wa. Philemon, phi-le / mon, 
 not phil'e-mon. Don Juan, ju'an, not ju-an'. Ossian, osh'an, 
 not aw'si-an. 
 
 A-ca-si-a, a-ka'shi-a. At-tor-ney, -turn-y. Bay'ou, bi-oo, 
 Blanc-mange 7 , blo-monj. Bu'chu, -ku. Cor'tege, kor-tazh. 
 Cro-chet', -sha. Ennui, ong-nwe. FaFchion, fawl-chun. 
 Hiccough, -kup. Melee, ma-la. Mon-sieur', mo-seer. Naph- 
 tha, nap-tha. CXti-ose, oshe-ose. Par-quet 7 , par-ka, Prus 7 - 
 sic, prush-ic. Reveil x le, re-vel-ya. Souvenir, soov-neer. 
 Tour x ni-quet, -ket. Vei^di-gris, -grees. War'rior, wor-yar. 
 Wassail, wos-sil. Zou-ave, zoo-av. 
 
 Cogn x ac, Con-yac. Waist / coat, was / kot or \ves x kut. Wors 7 - 
 ted, woosted. D r ebris, da-bre x . Bologna, bo-lon^a. Froude, 
 frood. Whewell, hu x el. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES. 
 
 Christianity disowneth not externals, notwithstanding 
 that it enforceth the exact observance of internals. It 
 neither disdains nor disallows research. It disclaims re- 
 sentment, and chides unjust resolutions. It resists sooth- 
 ing, selfish thoughts, and, in the language of psalmody, 
 chastiseth him that ariseth and rejoice th, because his 
 rise sufficeth him. Not three-tenths, hundredths, thou- 
 sandths, millionths, billionths, nor trillionths choose the 
 paths of exilement from it, and exist exemplarily. 
 
 A loose change cheers gently, just as one loses his 
 position, resources, clothes, reason and resolution, ex- 
 changing vice for a wise vision of worth. 
 
 Chisels, seines, spinach, licorice, cherry-juice, chains, 
 vises, whips, vanes, wains, breeches, gooses, gooseberries, 
 scissors, dessert-spoons, pionies, bolognas, booths, bou- 
 quets, soot, gas, crinoline, yes, and, suffice it to say, 
 almost everything in use, can be discerned, or passed, in ; 
 or close to a house, disguised as they may be. 
 
 The supposition is that his wild-goose chase was too 
 close to the close of his eyes, when the noes hissed him 
 as, exhausted, he exhorted. 
 
 21 
 
PART SECOND. 
 
 Pennsylvania German Literature. 
 
 Exercises for Translation Into English. 
 
 REMARKS. 
 
 The followirig Exercises consist of selected and original 
 Proverbs, Ballads, Anecdotes and Compositions, on various 
 subjects, in Prose and Poetry, by writers in Pennsylvania 
 German. These exercises are written in easy style, many of 
 them being familiar sayings in the households of our people. 
 They are inserted here for the purpose of affording easy exer- 
 ries for translation into English a first round in the ladder 
 of learning the English language. 
 
 Moreover as many learn English simply in a parrot-like 
 manner, our purpose is to teach them the sense, as well as the 
 sound of words and sentences. Hence these exercises for 
 translation. 
 
 HOW TO USE THE BOOK. 
 
 1. Every letter and diphthong employed on the following 
 pages has its one, own,, peculiar sound, and no other. The words 
 are, therefore, spoiled by the phonetic system, following 
 neither the English nor the High German methods of spelling 
 and pronunciation. 
 
 As there is no h'xed system of writing Pennsylvania German, 
 we have adopted an alphabet of sounds, using the English 
 characters, with which every child is familiar. The table of 
 sounds will follow. 
 
 2. A dictionary and English vocabulary is appended, con- 
 stituting the Third and Fourth Parts of this book, which gives 
 all the words used in the reading exercises, as well as all in 
 use in Pennsylvania German. With the aid of this vocabulary 
 the reading exercises are to be translated into good English. 
 
 8. In a Manual of the size of this book, not as large a num- 
 ber, nor, as great a variety of exercises for translation can be 
 given as is deniable. Those given are simply to serve as 
 
 22 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GEEMAN LITERATURE ^ 
 
 specimens of what can and should be done, particularly in 
 schools. Not only should all these reading exercises be given 
 in English in the learner's own words, but every word and 
 expression, every conversation, in fact everything heard or 
 spoken by the pupil, in Pennsylvania German, should be 
 translated into good, grammatical English. Commencing with 
 the names of objects in and about the house, words in use in 
 ordinary conversation, idioms, expressions, etc., continue until 
 a connected talk can be given in dialogues, and eventually in 
 any shape, and on any subject in English, without even hav- 
 ing occasion to refer to the lexicon. 
 
 Do not be afraid of hard work. Persevere, persevere, persevere. 
 War 'aw-h5lt g'wint. Perseverantia omnia vincet. 
 PHONETIC KEY. 
 
 Study Very Carefully. 
 
 CHARACTERS. SOUNDS. EXAMPLE. 
 
 A, or a Long a Ale 
 Aw, or aw German All 
 'A, or a Short a At 
 E, or e Long e Eel 
 'E. or S Short e End 
 Ei, or ei Long i Ice 
 I, or i, Short i It 
 
 0, or o Long o Old 
 'O, or o Short o Ox 
 
 01, or oi oi Oil 
 Ou, or ou ou Out 
 Oo, or oo oo Noon 
 TT, or u Short u Up 
 IT, or u German u Bull 
 Ch, or ch German ch Ich * 
 G. or g G hard Go 
 W, or w Like v Vine 
 Z, or z Like Ts Tset 
 
 B, b, D, d, F, f, H, h, J, j, K, k, L, 1, M, m, N, n, P, p, 
 R, r, S, s, T, t, Y, y have the same sound as in English. 
 
 This mark (') indicates the om mission of a vowel, this (') 
 the nasal sound. 
 
 * This sound of ch is heard in Mauch, in the word Mauch Chunk. 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 OBJECT LESSON EXERCISES. 
 
 The following illustrations, with the names underneath 
 spelled in accordance with our Pennsylvania German system 
 of orthography, are designed to assist those who use this book 
 in becoming familiar with our plan of spelling. It also gives 
 the English and High German equivalents. 
 
 Kutsh, 
 Coach, 
 Kutsche. 
 
 Shof, 
 
 Sheep, 
 
 Schaf. 
 
 Mel, 
 Mill, 
 Muehle. 
 
 Shoo, 
 Shoe, 
 Schuh. 
 
 Shlus, Hoofeisa, 
 Lock, Horseshoe, 
 Schloss. Hufeisen. 
 
 Umbrel, 
 Umbrella, 
 Regeiuschirm. 
 
 Goul, 
 
 liorse, 
 
 Pferd. 
 
 Bawm, 
 
 Tree, 
 
 Baum. 
 
 Drank, 
 Trunk, 
 
 Koii'er. 
 
 Wotsh, Murshar 
 
 Watch, Mortar, 
 
 Tascheu-Uhr. Moerser. 
 
 Bluk, 
 Plow, 
 Pflug. 
 
 Folsha Za, hunt, 
 
 False Teeth, Dog, 
 Falsche Zaehne. Iluiid. 
 
 Slilis'l, 
 
 Key, 
 
 Schluessel. 
 
 Shdem Mel, 
 Steam Mill, 
 Dampf Muehle. 
 
 Awg, 
 Eye, 
 Auge. 
 
 P'acdri, 
 
 Factory, 
 
 Fabrik. 
 
 Kreids un Kron, Dgnsar, Awdliir, 
 Cross and Crown, Dancers, Eagle, 
 Kreuz und Krone Taenzer. Adler. 
 
 F6s, Shdiw'l, 
 Barrel, Boot, 
 Fass. Stiefel. 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 D'r Awbruch fum Dawg Daybreak Tagesanbruch 
 
 I 
 
 Begashowur 
 
 ^^B 
 
 Ard 
 
 Ramshower 
 
 Earth 
 
 tiatzrtgen 
 
 Erd& 
 
 Wulka 
 
 Clouds 
 
 Wolken 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 's Freyor 
 
 CIS 
 Friibjabr 
 
 The Pioneer of Spring. Skunk Cabbage (Symplocarpus fcetidus)* 
 Biskotsagrout Zehrwurz 
 
 Frushmusik 
 
 Frog music 
 
 Froschmusik 
 
 26 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Freyor Puda Springtime continued Buds 
 Fortdauer des Friihlings Knospen 
 
 ^y wm 
 
 Mabla Maple Ahorn Geilskcsht Horse Chestnut Rosskastanie 
 
 ^ 
 
 Pingshdblum 
 
 Lilac 
 
 Spanischer FHeder 
 
 Weida 
 Willow 
 Weide 
 
 27 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdouar fum Freyor Bluma.' Springtime continued Flowers. 
 Foivdauer des Fruhlmgs Blumen. 
 
 Ardshdreiss ud'r 
 
 Meibluma 
 Trailing Arbutus 
 Grundstrauch 
 
 Rodworz'l 
 Bloodroot 
 Biudwurz 
 
 Feig'lchar 
 
 Violets 
 Yeilchen 
 
 Windblwrna ud'r 
 
 Windrosa 
 Anemone 
 Windroschen 
 
 Lew'rgrout Liverwort Leberkraut 
 
 28 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdouar fum Freyor - Het, Fish a. Springtime continued - Hats, Fishing 
 Fortdauern des Friihlings Hiite, Fischfang. 
 
 'N neiar hut, 'n shbig'l und 'n Mad'l. 
 A new hat, a looking glass and a girl. 
 
 Ein neuer Hut, ein Spiegel und ein 
 
 Miidchen- 
 
 Oshdra neia Het 
 Easter New hats 
 Ostern neue Hiite 
 
 29 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Sho Reid'r, 
 Circus Rider, 
 Cirkusreiter. 
 
 Sho 'Act'rs, 
 
 Actors, 
 Schauspieler. 
 
 Htfnswo'rslit, 
 
 Clown, 
 Hanswurst. 
 
 Frfltshflns, 
 
 Dude, 
 Fratzhana 
 
 30 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Elafond Elephant 
 Elephant 
 
 Bufler Buffalo BQffel 
 
 31 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Bodolya Soldawi, 
 Battalion Soldier, 
 Bauilon Soldat. 
 
 Shtring Band, 
 Orchestra, 
 Orcli ester. 
 
 32 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Zum Awdenka fun da olda Soldawta 
 In Memory of the Old Soldiers 
 
 Iw'rbleibs'l fum Kreg War- Relics 
 
 3a 
 
 33 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 *--, r-' --*; *r"i^.. _ n'Ml """""* ' \*TT 
 
 
 
 N^ ya^fc,-,,^- ^ ^ ^ 
 
 'n Mud'r un er Kind 
 Mother and Child 
 
 Woonhous 
 Dwelling House 
 
 1 
 
 
 Bub'l Baby 
 
 Koo un Hum'li Cow and Calf Mar un Hudshli Mare and Foal 
 
 34 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shlat, Fgd'r, Zark'l, Dinda, LSnd K5rt, etc., 
 
 Slate, Pen, Dividers, Ink, Map, etc., 
 Schieler Tafel, Feder, Zirkel, Tiiite, Land Ivarte, etc. 
 
 'M Horn sei Dukt'rbucli, Shool Kinn'r, 
 
 Home's Health Notes, School Children, 
 
 Horn's Gesundheits Regeln Buch. Schul Kinder. 
 
 Ral Rod Tran, 
 Railroad Train, 
 Eisenbahn Zug. 
 
 35 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shdat Hous Bell, 
 
 Liberty Bell, 
 Freiheits Glocke. 
 
 Bull Band, 
 Calithumpian Band, 
 Katzenmusik, 
 
 Baloon, 
 
 Balloon, 
 
 Luftballon, 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITEKATUEB 
 
 WSlshkorn un Wglshkorn Boshta, 
 Corn and Corn-husking, 
 Korn uud Korn Huelsen. 
 
 Graws Moshen, 
 Mow Machine, 
 Grass Maschine. 
 
 Drfish Moshen. 
 Threshing Machine 
 Maschine. 
 
 37 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Konawl Bot, 
 Canal Boat, 
 Canal Boot. 
 
 Celery, 
 Sellerie. 
 
 'Na Mflshen, 
 Sewing Machine, 
 Maschine. 
 
 Pitsh'r un Bo!, 
 Pitcher and Bowl, 
 Krug und Beckea. 
 
 Jonni Jump tips, 
 Pansies, 
 Veilchen. 
 
 Hem, 
 Shirt, 
 Hemd. 
 
 38 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Maul As'l, 
 
 Mule, 
 Maul Esel. 
 
 Uflglikliche'r Karl, 
 Unfortunate Fellow, 
 Ungluecklicher Kerl. 
 
 Bluga, 
 
 Plowing, 
 
 Pfluegeu. 
 
 Dodalawd, 
 Casket, 
 
 39 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fish, 
 Fish, 
 Fisch. 
 
 Gluk un Beblgn, 
 
 Hen and Chicks, 
 
 Glucke und 
 
 Huehnchen. 
 
 Welsh 
 
 Havvna 
 Turkey, 
 Trut Hahu. 
 
 Grumbera 
 Potato Bus:, 
 Kartoffel Kaefer. 
 
 HawnS, un Hink'l, 
 Rooster and Hen, 
 Halm uud Henne, 
 
 40 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Statsh, 
 
 Stagecoach, 
 
 Postkutsche, 
 
 FSd'r MeVr, 
 
 Shar, 
 
 BolwermeVr. 
 Penknife, 
 Scissors, 
 Razor, . 
 Feder Messer, 
 
 Schere, 
 Rasier Messer. 
 
 Eisna fns un darli, 
 Iron fence and gate, 
 Eiserner Zaun imd Thor. 
 
 H5nd Sak, ZSrk'l Sak, Beil, Huv'l, Wink'l, Bora un G'bis, 
 HourS, Kal, Wiuk'l Eisa, Gage, Shneid M6s'r, Zark'l, 
 
 Hiiv'l MSs'r. 
 Hand Saw, Circular Saw, Hatchet, Plane, Brace and Bit, 
 
 Trowel, Square, Gauge, Draw Knife, Compass, Plane Bit. 
 
 Hand Saege, Zirkel Saege, Beil, Hobel, Wiukel, Bohrer und 
 
 Gebiss, Maurer Kelle, Winkel Eisen, Aichmass, 
 
 Schneidz Messer, Zirkel, Hobel Eisen. 
 
 Blumako'rb, 
 Flower basket, 
 Blurnen Korb. 
 
 'Org'l, 
 Pipe Organ, 
 Orgel. 
 
 41 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Br&ndy fo"s, Brandy barrel, 
 
 Brauntwein Fass. 
 Wisky fos, Whiskey barrel, ( 
 
 Whisky Fass. 
 Wisky jug, Demijohn, Korb- 
 
 flusche. 
 
 Drgchter, Funnel, Trichter. 
 Wei bud'l, Wine Bottle, Wein 
 
 Flasche. 
 Wei glavvs, Wine glass, Wein 
 
 Glaft. 
 Drum bud'l, Rum bottle, 
 
 Schnaps-Flasche. 
 
 Cork bora, Cork screw, 
 
 Ff ropfen z i eher. 
 
 Dar mo"n wor im shdor. 
 
 This man was in the store. 
 
 Der Mann war in dem Laden. 
 
 Er Ei ! we gats ? Mawg 
 ich mid der gaa ? Sie 
 
 Ei, yaw ; garn. 
 
 He Why ! How do you 
 
 do, Miss ? May I 
 
 She 
 
 accompany you 
 
 Whv yes, cheer- 
 fully. 
 
 Er Ei ! wie geht es 
 
 Ihnen? Darrf ich mit 
 
 Ihuen gehen ? Sie 
 
 Ei, ja, sehr 
 
 gerue. 
 
 42 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 1} 
 
 Blech'r. 
 
 Tin cups. 
 
 Trinkschalen. 
 
 C 
 
 u 
 
 Dar mtfn is zu fre 
 un zu shngll wuk'r 
 
 This man awoke 
 too early, and too 
 suddenly. 
 
 Dieser Mann ist 
 zu frueh und zu 
 ploetzlich erwacht. 
 
 Drot NcV'l. 
 
 Wire Nail. 
 
 Draht Nagei. 
 
 43 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LitERATURE 
 
 K&rcM kiiridsh, carriage, 
 
 Die Kutsche. 
 Rawd, Wheel, Das Rad. 
 Nawb, Hub. Die Nabe. 
 Shpring, Spring, Feder. 
 , Shaits, Die Gabel. 
 
 'N klan'r bu un z\va mad mit 
 
 m' hundli. 
 A little boy and two girls w ith 
 
 a little dog. 
 
 Ein Knabe und zwei Maedchen 
 mit eiuem kleinen Huud. 
 
 Ziw'r, Tubs, Die Zueber. 
 'N Kiw'l, Bucket, Der Eimer, 
 W&sh bord, Wash board, 
 
 Wascb Bret, 
 
 ShSp'r, Dipper,, Schoepfer. 
 Sei kiw'l, Pig dipper, Saeue 
 
 Schoepfer. 
 'N bilsn'r hom'r, Mallet, 
 
 Der Schlaegel. 
 'N LSinons Ovisdrik'r, Lemon 
 
 Squeezer, Citronenpresse. 
 J N W6sh-shb6l, Clothes-piu, 
 
 Die Waschklammer. 
 'N Drah hills, Rolling-pin, Das 
 
 Rollholz, 
 
 'N Shdgnar, Tub, Staender. 
 'N Grumbera Shdernbe'l, Po- 
 tato Masher, Kartoffel- 
 mischer. 
 
 'Awshdreich barshda, Paint 
 
 Brushes, Anstreich Buersten. 
 
 Forb ffisli, Paint keg, Farb- 
 
 Faesschen. 
 
 'Awshdreich kgss'l, Paint ket- 
 tle, Anstreich Kessel. 
 Al k(3n, Oil can, Oel Kanne. 
 Pastel, Pastel, Pastel Igemaelde 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shdul, Chair, Stuhl. 
 Shfik'l shdul, Rocking chair, 
 
 Schaukelstuhl. 
 Shdor shdul, Stool, Sessel. 
 
 Sette, Ottoman, Sofa. 
 Gros'rshuk'l shdul, Armchair, 
 
 Lehnsessel. 
 
 Offis shdul, Office chair, Cornp- 
 loirstuhi. 
 
 Musikbuch, Music book, Mu- 
 
 sikbuch. 
 
 Flut, Flute, Floete. 
 
 Gitor, Guitar, Guitarre. 
 
 Bugle, Bugle, Signalhorn. 
 
 Yochdhorn, Hunting horn, 
 
 Jagdhorn. 
 
 Geik, Violin, Violine. 
 Piccolo, Piccolo, Piccolo.' 
 
 Shmok peifa, Smoke pipes, 
 
 Rauch-Pfeifen. 
 Duwok box, Tobacco box, 
 
 Tabakkistchen. 
 
 Sigara, Cigars, Cigarren. 
 
 Sigarets Cigareits, Papier- 
 
 ci^arren. 
 
 Peifa rani, Pipe stems, Pfeifen 
 rohre. 
 
 Inshlich licht, col al licht, gS-s 
 
 uu electric licht. 
 Tallow candle, coal oil light, 
 
 gas and electric light. 
 
 Unschlitt Licht, Kohloel- 
 
 Licht, Gas und Elec- 
 
 trisches Licht. 
 
 45 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'N harts, a heart, das Herz. 
 Recht or, right auricle, das 
 
 Recht Herzohr. 
 Link or, left auricle, das 
 
 Linke Herzohr. 
 Recht k6mm'r, right ven- 
 tricle, Rechte Kammer. 
 Linkkomm'r, left ventricle, 
 
 Linke Kammer. 
 Gros biilsodar, aorta, grosse 
 
 Pulsader. 
 Lunga bulsodar, pul aorta, 
 
 Lungeii Pukader. 
 Lunga bluuodar, vein, die 
 
 Lungen-Bluta\ier. 
 
 Bludodilr, vena cuva, die 
 
 Bluiader. 
 
 MODS 
 
 coat, 
 
 rtik, Gentleman's 
 
 Herren Rock. 
 
 Hiissa, Pants, Hosen. 
 
 Brusht Itfpa, Vest, Weste. 
 
 Krawga uu shlup, Collar and 
 
 tie, Kragen und Halsband. 
 
 Slmeid 
 
 shar, Tailor 
 Schere. 
 
 shears, 
 
 'N mon 5m shpringft for de train. 
 
 A man running for the train. 
 Ein Mann laeuft schnell fuer den Zua 
 
 46 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shtork'r 'Orm, 
 Strong Arm, 
 Starker Arm. 
 
 Baa fraw mit brig'l un bSll in 
 Cross wife with club and bell in hand. 
 Boese Frau mit Pruegel und Glocke in der Hand. 
 
 Fgrshriiken'r moil 
 un 'n bas'r bull. 
 
 Frightened man 
 and a mad bull. 
 
 Ersehrockner Mann 
 
 und ein rasender 
 
 Bulle. 
 
 47 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 a 
 
 Dik'r dawdi, dike mommi un fer kinnar. 
 Stout father, stout mother and four children 
 Dicker Vater, dicke Mutter und vier Kinder. 
 
 *N heitzudawgich shderabot. 
 
 A modern steamboat. 
 Ein heutiges Dampfschiff. 
 
 klader kawfa. 
 Buying clothes. 
 Klaiter kaufen. 
 
 'N nei'r ruk weisa. 
 Showing a new lady's coat. 
 Einen neuen Rock zeigen. 
 
 48 
 
y PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'N hoch kikicha do'ns&rm. 
 A high kicking dancer. 
 Eine Taenzerin die Beine 
 in die Hoehe schlagend. 
 
 'N Mad'l mid 'm neia hut. 
 *A lady with a new hat. 
 Eine Dame mit einem 
 ntuen Hut. 
 
 Im slid or fgr 'n nei'r 
 
 fr5k kawf'&. 
 In store to buy a new 
 
 dress. 
 
 In dem Laden urn ein 
 
 neues Kleid zu 
 
 kaufen. 
 
 43. 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Des is 'n sigaret frotshons 
 
 dar shun aweil sigargts -i iw 
 
 g'shmok'd hut. S /? tS ld f t : nna WU ZU lon S S 'S- 
 
 mi- 11 arets shmoka. 
 
 Th,sisa cigarette dude T , , , ; 
 
 who has smoked cigar- , 
 
 smoking. 
 
 ettes for some time. o ' ^ t 
 
 Frat z lmus der sclwn 
 eine AYeilegeraucht hat. 
 
 raucheu. 
 
 Kar barshd, Sweeping brush, Kehi 
 
 Buerste. 
 Shdawb barshd, Dusting brush, Staub 
 
 Buerste. 
 Weisel bitrshd, Whitewash brush, 
 
 Tuencher Buerste. 
 
 Shu barshd, Shoe brush, Schuh Buerste 
 Hor " Hair " Haar 
 'Awshtreich b3,rshd, Paint brush, Anstreich Buerste. 
 
 Krimla barshd, Crumb brush, Tafelbuerste. 
 
 Geils b^rshd, Horse-cleaning brush, Pferden Buerste. 
 
 Klad^r b^rshd, Clothes brush, Kleider Buerste. 
 
 50 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Gansblum 
 
 Daisy 
 
 Gilnseblume 
 
 Parshing Peaches Pfirsiche 
 
 51 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Sumar Summer Continued Fortdauer des Sommers 
 
 Feiafeg'l Fireflies 
 Leuctkiifer 
 
 Shbekmous Bat 
 Fledermaus 
 
 Arbar Strawberry Erdbeere 
 I 
 
 Shmed'rling Butterflj 
 
 Schmet'erling 
 
 Mik Fly 
 Fliege 
 
 Disbd'l Thistle Distet 
 
 52 
 
PENNSLYVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 D'RFERT DSHULEl - FOURTH of JULY - DER VIERTE JULI 
 
 Picnic im Bush Picnic in the woods 
 Piuuic im walde 
 
 Excursion niich'm Sa Excursion to the Sea Ausflug nach der Seekiiste 
 
 53 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Sumar Summer Continued Fortdauer des Sommera 
 
 Dons un Concert, 's Kriks'l un d'r Frush donsa, d'r How'rgas shbelt 
 de Geig un de Nochteila singa dazoo Dance and Concert. Cricket and 
 Frog dance, while the Katydid plays the fiddle and the Owls sings. Tanz 
 und Concert. Das Heimchen und der Frosch tanzen, wiihrend der Ha- 
 bergeiss die Geige spielt und die Nachteulen dazu singen. 
 
 54 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Sumar Summer Continued Fortdauer des Sommer 
 
 Blofug'l Bluebird Blauvogel 
 
 Crow Krob Kriibe 
 
 Shdawr Bobolink 
 Reisammer 
 
 AwdlSr Eagle Adler 
 
 Zawshlip'r Wren Zaunkonig 
 55 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Uksukup Ox head Ochsenkopf 
 
 Wadsa un How'r 
 Wheat and Oats 
 Weizen und Hafer 
 
 Hum'l 
 Bumble-bee 
 Humme 
 
 Seikup Pig's head Schweinskopf 
 
 Birk Bridge Bruecke 
 
 56 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 D'r g'^urts Mots foui 
 
 Porra, Horn 
 
 Birthplace ot Lr. Home 
 Geburtsort voii Pastor Horn 
 
 |Sfc^' 
 
 Kiuiir om bawm bl( w >Dsa 'N Ship un Gesk6n 
 Children planting tree A shovel and watering-pot 
 Kinder am Batnnj flanzeri Schippe und Gie^skanne 
 57 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Hols shdik Neck Das Halsstueck 
 Yoch shdik Chuck rib Das Jochstueck 
 Roshd shdik Sirloin Das Lendehstueck 
 Shwons shdik Back romp Das Schwanzstueck 
 Barrel shdik Rump steak Der Buerzelsteak 
 Bartsel mshd Cross grain Der Buerzelbraten 
 Flank Flank Die Flanke 
 
 Round Round Die Scheibe 
 
 Rikshdik Top of sirloin and Porterhouse steak Das Rueckenstueck 
 
 Ribbashdik Rib Das Rippenstueck 
 
 Supa gnucha Shin Das Schienbein 
 
 Morks gnucha Marrow bone Der Vlarkknochen 
 
 Brushtkarn Brisket Das Bruststueck 
 
 58 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Ola soria Kinar. All kinds of Children. Ailerlei Kinder. 
 
 Niksnudsich Mischievous 
 Unartig 
 
 Bae Cross Bose 
 
 Shlafrich Sleepy Schliifrig 
 
 Brudsich Pouting 
 Schmllig 
 
 59 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Otrilakolb 
 April fool 
 Aprilnarr 
 
 Farblenarei Hocus Pocus 
 Tasi henspiclerei 
 
 Blind'r mon Blind man 
 Blinder Maun 
 
 Fareun'r Drowned man 
 Ertunkener Mann 
 
 60 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 WQs'r ffil 
 Water falls 
 Wasserfall 
 
 61 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Bou'r om sens wetzu, 
 Farmer whetting a scythe, 
 Bauer tm Sen^e wetzeu. 
 
 Bou'r om geil fedrii, 
 Farmer feeding hordes, 
 Bauer am Pi'erde fuel tern. 
 
 Sh bring wogS, 
 
 eig'shpont. 
 Spring wagon with 
 
 horse hitched. 
 
 Wagen und 
 Gespann. 
 
 Klan'r bu om hoi 
 
 rcchil. 
 Little boy raking 
 
 hay. 
 
 Kleiner Knabc 
 am Heu rechen. 
 
 Mud'r un docht'r 5m arnta un ham drawgil. 
 Mother and daughter harvesting and carrying home. 
 Mutter und Tocbter am erntea und Ueiro tragcn. 
 
 62 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shdarn. 
 Star. 
 Stern. 
 
 Ach Haws. 
 
 Squirrel. 
 Eichhoernchen. 
 
 Raup UQ Eispina. 
 Caterpillar and Ooeoon. 
 Raupe und Cocon. 
 
 63 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Milch Mawd. 
 Milk Maid. 
 Milch Frau. 
 
 -.1-i-mnnin.nvTr ^Bgm Garechtichkats Zacha. 
 
 Bubli uf 'm hawsa shdol mid finf oier im shorts. Emblem of Justice. 
 A child on the rabbit burrow with five eggs in Gerechtigkeits Zeichen. 
 
 her apron. 
 
 Ein Kind auf dem Hasen-Stall mit fuenf Eiern 
 in der Schuerze. 
 
 Ken zacha fun Krishtlicha g'selshofta. 
 
 Badges of religious societies. 
 Ordensaeichen von Kirchlichen Vereinen. 
 
 64 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Boberna bublen shneida. 
 
 Cutting out paper dolls. 
 
 Papierne Puppen auschneiden. 
 
 Fawna rasa. 
 
 Flag raising. 
 
 Falme aufrichten. 
 
 Grutta hupsa. 
 
 Leap frog 
 Springfrosch. 
 
 Band ehbetiL 
 Flay band, 
 spieiem. 
 
 5a 
 
 65 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shbotyor Fall Herbst 
 Shbotyors-BlScTr Autumn-Leaves Herbstblatter 
 
 Shlitaod'rShla 
 
 Sleigh 
 
 Schlitten 
 
 Bled 'rl os 
 
 Leafless 
 
 Entlaubt 
 
 66 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Shbotyor Fall Continued Fortdauer des Herbstes 
 
 Welshkorn uf 'm Shok 
 
 Corn on the Shock 
 
 Korn (Mais) auf dem Schock 
 
 K1 
 
 Guns 
 
 Goose 
 
 Ganz 
 
 Drouwa 
 Grapes 
 Weintrauben Yag'r Hunter Jfiger 
 
 Ebcs for's Baddawgrs-Dinner 
 For Thanksgiving Dinner 
 Etiras fur den Danktagsschmaus 
 
 Sich redi krega fur kolt Wed'r 
 Getting ready for cold weather 
 Vorsorge fiir kaltos Wetter 
 
 67 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Shbotyor Fall Continued Fortdauer des HerbsU 
 Shool School Schule 
 
 Shkipt de Shool 
 Skips school 
 Schwiinzt die Schule 
 
 Gat reg'lar in de Shool 
 Goes regn arly to school 
 Geht regelmiissig zur Schule 
 
 Dar Boo browert ebes zu larna 
 
 This boy tries to learn something 
 
 Dieser Knabe bemiiht sich, etwas zu lernen 
 
 Bumhala un NoriTshdrac\ 
 Nonspnse and Tomfoolery 
 Unsinn und Narrenstreiche 
 
 68 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 fortdoura fum Shbotyor Fall Continued Fortdauer dea Herbstes 
 Shool School Schule 
 
 'n pawr Grfi lyuats 
 
 A Pairjof Gra-luates 
 Ein Paar Abituritnten 
 
 'n olde Shoolmiira 
 An old Schoolmistress 
 Alte Schullehreriu 
 
 Fed'r Pen * Schreibfeder 
 
 _^j*ji^ 
 
 's arsiht Yor in d'r Shool 
 First Year in School 
 Im ersten Schuijahr 
 
 69 
 
 Shool de>k 
 Schorl- Desk 
 SchulpuU 
 
PENNSLYVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fort 'oura futn Sab >tyor Fall Continued ' Fortdauer des H -rbsteg 
 On d'r Far At the Fair An der Ausst c llung 
 
 Ouswenich 5m 
 
 Outside of the show tent 
 
 Ausserhalb der Schaubude 
 
 Grundnus Peanut EJrnuss 
 
 Rasfawrri Racing Wettfabren 
 
 'n Gaml'r un sei Gam 
 
 A cambler and his game De gros Karbs Tae big pumpkim 
 
 Em Gliicksspider uud sein Spiel Der grosse Kurbis 
 
 70 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Shbotyor Fall Continued Fortdauer dee Herbste 
 On d'r Far At the Fair An der Ausstellung 
 
 D'r gros Bull The Big Bull Der grosse Stier 
 
 Pouargrout kiicha Bet'lmon 
 Sonrkrout cooking Beggar 
 Sauerkraut kochen Settler 
 
 C*ar 4 huVs ol g'sana 
 He saw everything 
 Dieser bat alles gesehen GrosaEb'l Big Apples Grosse Aep-'el 
 
 71 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Wind'r Winter Winter 
 
 De Boowa sin so shtnart grawd for Kri 
 
 The boys are so smart just before Carisrrais 
 
 Die Knaben sind so br.iv geraie vor VVeitirucliten 
 
 Eishd'r Oyster Auster 
 
 72 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura fum Wmd'r Winter Continued Fortdauer des Winters 
 Krishdawg Christmas Weihnachteu 
 
 Ufc 
 
 G'shtnka Belsnickel ud'r net Presents - Santa Glaus or not 
 Geschenke Christkindchen t de nicht 
 
 Kiishib;,T\m Christ mas Tree Weihnachtslaum 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdourri fum Wind'r Winter Continued Fortdauer des Winters 
 Kri'shdawg Christmas WeihLachten 
 
 I>e iVlorea un era 
 Madonna and Child 
 Maria und das Jesuskind 
 
 74 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GEKMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Fortdoura, fum Winder Winter Continued Fortdauer des Winters 
 
 Flint a, PishtolTt un Pulferborn 
 Guns, Pistols and Powder-flask 
 Flinten. Pistolen und Pulverhorn 
 
 D'r nei Kolen'r 
 The New Calendar 
 Der neue Kalender 
 
 *s Neiyor awdonsa un awshesa 
 Dancing and Shooting in the New Year 
 Neujahrstauz und Neujahrsschiessen 
 
 75 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 D'r old Dab en Tel Jackaon. In Bariks|county, sawga se, dad a dai 
 leit ols nuch for'n shdima, ow'r des is net wor. 
 
 Old General Jackson. In Berks county, they say some people still 
 vote for him, but this is not true. 
 
 1905 tfns'r Bresidant Our President 1909 
 
 76 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 : BIB^JA;' : F-^ f 
 
 of 
 
 K archa Bonet 
 Church bonnet 
 
 D'r Grosmomi era Bew'l Grandmother's Bibl- Karchaturm Steeple 
 
 'n olde kodulishe Karch An old Catholic church 
 
 77 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Rich geizich Rich atingy Gliklich Prosperous 
 
 78 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 D'r Rumlafr mi dal 
 fun seina Freind. 
 
 The Loafer and some 
 of his friends. 
 
 'n drekicher Foulens'r 
 A dirty, lazy fellow 
 
 Lous Louse 
 
 Flo Flea 
 
 79 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'n Mon woo gHra legt 
 A man who is apt to lie 
 
 Franklin hut net 0ot g'shwetstfun uns 
 Fracklin di-1 not speak well of us 
 
 Shdits Silk Hat 
 
 'Sha Mad el 
 Prrtty Girl 
 
 Kanich King 
 sbudsh Judge Olfishoid'r Office-bolder 
 
 80 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'I~~T 
 
 Shooshdor Bush' 1- Fes un Pek-Shoo 
 Shoestore Bushel- Feet and Peck-Shoe 
 
 Shifmon Sailer 'n Mon woo wa g'doo is An Injured Man 
 
 oa . gl 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Des Bild weist we fel Krishda, Yuda, Muhomedawnur un Heida 
 os 's uf d'r Welt gebt 
 
 This figure shows the comparative number of Christians, Jews, Mo- 
 hammedans and Heathens m me world. 
 
 Ship Shovel 
 
 <n Hulsshlog Growing timber 
 
 82 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Sbdunaglaws Zeit 
 Hourglass Time 
 
 Wotsht fur era Bo 
 Looking for her Beau 
 
 Shwarmud'r Mother-in-law 
 
 Oakuf Hufning 
 Anchor Hope 
 
 hut sich goot g'setst 
 She has made a good match 
 
 83 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Shbotsera uf un obde Shtroa 
 Walking up and down the Street 
 
 Shlobich g'drest Careless dressing 
 
 s Bedmocba for 'm Shbotseraga 
 Making the Bed before Going Out 
 
 Net g'drest 
 Careful Dressing 
 
 Shner'leibcha 
 Corset 
 
 84 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Volcano Sbwew'lich 
 Volcano - Sulphury 
 
 Sokmes'r Pocket-Knife 
 
 Shilkrut Turtle 
 
 85 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Foula Eld'ra woo fun era Kiner Smart wura 
 Lazy Parents supported by their Children 
 
 Insh Indian 
 
 86 
 
 Kon ken Arwet fina 
 Cannot find a Job 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Ufa Stove 
 
 'a Midawg net gons redi 
 Dinner not quite readyj * 
 
 D'r nei Wag for Kucha 
 New Way of Cooking 
 
 Kucbkes'l Boiler 
 Drinkblech Tin Cup 
 Pon Pan 
 
 Drechd'r Funnel 
 Kasei Colander 
 Beintblech Pint Measure 
 
 Ships' 1 ful Sup un Lef 1 Dish of Soup and Spoon 
 
 87 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Dicht'r Poet 
 
 The above cut if a picture of Henry Harbaugh, D. D., the 
 most popular Penns^j Ivania German Poet. 
 
 Suna - Finshtarnisa 
 
 Sun - Eclipses 
 
 88 
 
. PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Lawrence Ibach, a Pennsylvania German, who made the astrono- 
 mical calculations for years to come. A blacksmith the same time. 
 
 David Rittenhouse, the great Astronomer, a Pennsylvania Ger- 
 man. The fences and barn doors were his blackboards, in boyhood. 
 SHDARNKEN'RA ASTRONOMERS 
 
 89 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 4 n Shbelling-Klos in der olda-Zeit Shu] : Hinna, Forna, Mit. 
 A Spelling-Class in the Oldtime School ; Rear, Front, Center. 
 
 90 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Dar Obris do weist wos in Englond olla Yor tif da Kup 
 gssa nn g'drunka war 1. 
 
 This diagram shows England's annual average consumption 
 per head of Food and Drink. 
 
 91 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Zwa-geil bou'ra Woga Two-horse farm Wagon 
 
 Bumb Pump 
 
 Kurb Basket 
 
 92 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 gros sh worts Fer6k weist we fel Bushlond Pgnsilfawni 
 sut, 's kla wds Fergk we wSuich 6s w&rklich hut. 
 
 sr? 
 
 I 
 
 The large black square shows how'mieh forest- land Penn- 
 sylvania ought to have, the small white square how little it 
 actually has. 
 
 93 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Roumourar Stone mason 
 
 Rig'lwag Railroad 
 
 94 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GELMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Dar recht plots for 'n Goul udd'r 'n Hund shesa is uf 'rn Duba, uf dar 
 
 Shdarn 
 
 The right place to shoot a Florae or a Dog is wnere the little Dot is on 
 the Forehead 
 
 Fei'rhard Fireplace 
 
 ER FINA NUCH MA SO BILD'R WEID'R HINA IM BUCH. 
 MORE SUCH ILLUSTRATIONS WILL BE FOUND FUR- 
 THER BACK IN THE 'BOOK. 
 
 95 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN PROVERBS. 
 
 NOTE. Every letter employed must be pronounced as 
 directed in the Key on page 19. There is no superfluous 
 character employed. All the words will be found in the Dic- 
 tionary with their English equivalents, also English vocabu- 
 lary with Pennsylvania German equivalent*. 
 
 The proverbs, adages, songs and sayings af a people are, 
 to a great extent, an index of their character. The proverbs 
 handed down from generation to generation, are very expres- 
 sive and original. 
 
 SHPRICH-WERDER. 
 
 1. Kumt m'r i\v6r d'r hund, so kumt m'r iwr d'r shwtfns. 
 If you can get over a dog you can get over his tail. 
 
 2. v Ar is niks nuts wo de bout 'n 'awrSgt. 
 
 He is worthless wherever the skin touches him. 
 
 3. De klanji deb hgngt m'r, de grosa lust m'r lawfa. 
 Petty thieves we hang and the big ones we let go. 
 
 4. D'r hungar is d'r bsht kuch. 
 Hunger is the best cook. 
 
 5. We m'rs mtfcht so hut m'rs. 
 As we make it so we have it. 
 
 6. r Aga lob shtinkt. 
 Self praise stinks. 
 
 7. Klad'r mftcha leit. 
 Clothes make people. 
 
 8. D'r oVl folt net weit fo*m shdora. 
 The apple does not fall far from the stem, 
 
 9. War nt hart mus fela. 
 Whoever disobeys must feel. 
 
 10. War s'arsht in de rael kumt, g'rikt s'arsht g'mawl&. 
 Whoever gets to mill first will be served first. 
 
 11. War louart tin d'r wflnd, hart sei *agna shtfnt. 
 The eaves dropper hears his own shame. 
 
 12. D'r halar is so shlgcht we d'r shdalar. 
 Whoever conceals is as bad as a thief. 
 
 13. Wos m'r n6t was, mocht m ut 'has. 
 What we know not burns us not. 
 
 14. Wo shmok is, is feiar. 
 Where there is smoke there is fire. 
 
 96 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Klad'r mtfcha' leit Clothes make people 
 7a 97 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 15. Lushdich g'labt un salich g'shdtfrwa, 
 Is 'm deiv'l sei rechnung farddrwa. 
 A happy life and eternal salvation, 
 Is spoiling the devil's calculation. 
 
 16. 'S hSfli mawg so grura sei 5s 6s wil, 's hut ols wid'r *n 
 kli d(5s druf host. 
 
 No matter how crooked a kettle, there is somewhere a lid 
 to fit on. 
 
 17. Not brgcht eisa. 
 Necessity breaks iron. 
 
 18. IJf 'n gruwar bliik, kart 'n gruwar keidgl. 
 A thick log needs a thick wedge. 
 
 19. De kinar un de nord, sawg& de worSt. 
 Children and fools speak the truth. 
 
 20. War 'awholt g'wint. 
 Whoever endureth shall win. 
 
 21. Frish g'wogt is hoi war g'wunii. 
 A good venture is half won. 
 
 22. M'r mus sich uiich d'r d6k shdrSka. 
 
 We must stretch ourselves according to the cover. 
 
 23. Wos m'r nSt im kup hut, hut m'r in d3, fes. 
 What we don't have in our head we have in our feet. 
 
 24. Glana grut& h6n 'aw gift. 
 Small toads have poison too. 
 
 25. Niks g'sawt is yaw g'mant. 
 
 Saying nothing means yes. "Silence gives consent." 
 
 26. F'rs dSnka kon 'm nemond hgnku. 
 Nobody can hang you for your thoughts. 
 
 27. Lushdich war nuch Igdich is, drourich war fiirshprucha is. 
 Happy who is single yet, sad who is engaged. 
 
 28. Wos orrew'r is we dr8k, gat s^lw'r wek. 
 What is coarser than dirt goes away itself. 
 
 29. War uSt kumt zu rgchter zeit, mus esa wCs iwrich bleibt. 
 Whoever does not come in time must eat what remains. 
 
 30. Lus yadar on seinSr 'agna uaws ziiba. 
 Let each pull his own nose. 
 
 31. Warsht net nuf gakrod'lt, warsht ngt run'r g'fola; 
 Hgtsht mei shwgshder g'heirt, warsht mei shwogar wtfra. 
 Hadn't you climbed up, ybu wouldn't have fallen down ; 
 Had you married my sister, you'd be my brother-in-law. 
 
 98 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 32. D'r hinarsht hut de shlong im hut. 
 The hindmost has the snake in his hat. 
 
 33. Gros gakrish un w&iich will. 
 Big cry and little wool. 
 
 34. Shof d's du salich warsht, reich warsht du duch 
 Work that you will be saved ; rich you won't become. 
 
 35. Gut g'wgtst is holwer g'm'at. 
 Good whetting is half mowing. 
 
 36. W5s 'n dorn wara wil, shpitst sich in dgr zeit. 
 Whatsoever will become a thorn gets pointy in time. 
 
 37. *A 'Ar is de onr wart. One honor is worth another. 
 
 38. We 's lond, so de leit. As the country, so the people. 
 
 39. ShpSk un oiar sin gut f 'r d'r Moiitr. 
 Bacon and eggs are good for Moyer. 
 
 40. Won d'r goul g'shdola is, shiest m'r d'r shdol zu. 
 When the horse is stolen, we lock the stable. 
 
 41. ShwSrts is 'aw 'n forb. Black is also a color. 
 
 "42. D' mad wo peifa un^d' hinkel wo graa, sul m'r bei zeit 
 de hCls runvdraa. 
 
 The girls who whistle and the chickens who crow, should 
 iave their necks wrung in time. 
 
 43. Won ich gld hob ga ich in'n wartshous, 
 Won ich kgns h5b bleib ich drous. 
 When I have money I go to the hotel, 
 When I have none I stay out. 
 
 44. 'S kumt ngt uf de gras 'aw, sunsht kgnt 'n ku 'n haws 
 f onga. It doesn't depend on size or a cow could catch a rabbit. 
 
 45. Longsom kumt m'r aw, w6n m'r long g'nunk w6rt, hiit 
 de shilkriit g\-awt we d'r haws on 'ra f^rbei is. 
 
 "By going slowly you'll get there too if you wait long 
 enough," said the turtle to the hare as he passed her. 
 
 46. Kortsa hor sin glei g'barsht. 
 Short hair are brushed soon. 
 
 47. War 'm 5nar3, 'n grub grawbt folt sSlwar nei. 
 Whosoever digs a ditch for others, falls in himself. 
 
 48. War 'n buk shtalt is kg shof deb. 
 AVhoever steals a ram is no sheep thief. 
 
 49. M'r mus n6t 'n kots im stfk kawf a. 
 Do not buy a cat in a bag. 
 
 99 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Gros Gakrish un Wenich Will Big Cry aud Little WooL 
 
 100 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN L1TERATUES 
 
 5. Won m'r ke*n mal hut b5kt m'r kucha.. 
 When you have no flour bake cakes. 
 $6. De moryashdund hut guld im mund. 
 The morning hour has gold in its bower. 
 
 50. *N nSr k6n m'a froga d5s zai g'*heita SntwSrta 
 
 A fool can ask more questions than ten wise men can answee, 
 
 51. Won m'r d'r asel ngnt, kurnt 'r g'rgnt. 
 AY hen we speak about an ass he will come. 
 
 52. War sich nara wil mit fish& un yawg& mus f arisnl 
 tatwga. 
 
 AViioever wants to support himself with fishing and hunting 
 UHI wear torn clothes. 
 
 53. De welt is gros, d'r him'l bio, 
 W6s 'ani n6t wil is de tfngr fro. 
 
 The world is large and heaven is blue, 
 
 AVliat one doesn't want the other gladly will woo. 
 
 54. 'S }& nSt Sles brofit wos m'r 'awf^ngt. 
 Not everything is profit that is begun. 
 
 55. 'N fouler as6l shoft sich g'sh winder dod, 6s 'n shmarcPr. 
 A lazy mule kills himself sooner than a diligent one. 
 
 56. Won ich ggld h5b bin ich dftrshdich, 
 AV6n ich k6ns h5b bin ich lushdich. 
 When I have money I am thirsty, 
 When I have none I am happy. 
 
 57. Uaa druwSl hut m'r niks. 
 Without trouble we have nothing. 
 
 58. Midlinos is de bgsht shtros. 
 Mickllemarch is the best road. 
 
 59. Won m'r d'r hund drgft, blSft 'r. 
 If y hit a dog he will bark. 
 
 0. Boarkrout un shbgk dreibt ola sory^ w^k. 
 feouvkrotut and bacon will all our trouble rout. 
 1. Din un long m^cht 'aw 'n shd6ng, 
 
 Korts un dik mdcht 'aw 'n shdik. 
 
 Thin and long is a pole, 
 
 Short and thick is a stick. 
 62. W5s nt brfint, broucht m'r nt blosa. 
 What doesn't burn you need not blow. 
 IS. Fad'r mocht de geil. Feed makes horses. 
 
 101 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 M g'shgnkrii Goul, gukt m'r nt ins Moul. 
 A prsented Horse you do not look in the mouth. 
 
 302 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 64. W5n de meis sot sin is 's iml bid'r. 
 When the mice have enough, flour is hitter. 
 
 67. War de ducht'r heira \vil holt sicli mil d'r mud'r. 
 Whoever wants to marry the daughter must keep on the 
 
 good side of the mother. 
 
 68. War fel shwStst, legt fel. 
 Whoever speaks much, Jies much. 
 
 69. B6sar 'n lous im grout os gawr ken flash. 
 Belter a louse in cabbage than no meat at all. 
 
 70. N6t g'shusa is aw farfalt. Not to shoot is also to miss. 
 
 71. Shbfick un shwort sin ton anar awrt. 
 Bacon and its rind are of one kind. 
 
 72. BSd'sht doo goot so leisht doo goot. 
 Bed well and you will lie well. 
 
 73. Kla un shmart is aw wps wart. 
 Little and smart is of worth too. 
 
 74. 'N onar shdedcha, 'n onar madcha. 
 Another town another girl. 
 
 75. Moryarot mck'ht hokii rot, 
 Ow'drot bringt diuka brod. 
 
 Red sky at morn makes the cheeks red, 
 Red sky at eve brings us dry bread. 
 
 76. Yung g'want olt g'dawn. 
 
 As you are trained in youth so you'll live in age. 
 
 77. 'S bober is g'duldich. Paper is patient. 
 
 78. Lichtme's shbina farggs, 
 Fud'r holwjir g'frfis. 
 
 i Candlemas spinning forgotten, 
 
 Feed half eaten. 
 
 79. Bor'ya mocht s^rya, 
 
 War wil bor'ya kumt m^rya. 
 
 To borrow makes sorrow, 
 
 Whoever wants to borrow come to-morrow. 
 
 80. Wo*n m'r sich unar de kleia m6ngt so fr&'n 'm gara 
 de sei. 
 
 If you mix yourself in bran the hogs are liable to eat you. 
 
 81. Neia basSm kara gut. New brooms sweep well. 
 
 82. Yadar mus sei 'agna hout zum jrarwar drawga. 
 Each miiat carry his own skin to the tanner. 
 
 103 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 83. Nuch 'm aa 'n peif duwok, un dos shdat in d'r bewel. 
 After a meal a pipe of tobacco, and this is in the Bible. 
 
 84. Won m'r shbawrt in d'r zeit so hut m'rs in d'r not. 
 If you save in time you will have it in need. 
 
 85. 'N biindi sou find aw olsarnol 'n ach'l. 
 A blind hog sometimes finds an acorn too. 
 
 86. War gut shmert dar gut fert, 
 
 War shmert mit dor lawrt we 'n nor. 
 
 He who greases well can drive well. 
 
 He who greases with tar drives like a fool. 
 
 87. 'M g'vshe"nkta goul, gukt m'r nt ins moul. 
 A presented horse you don't look in the mouth. 
 83. Mit sh! 6k tongt m'r de meis. 
 
 With bacon we catch mice. 
 
 89. 'A nor mocht zaa. One fool makes ten. 
 
 90. Ftin harasawgi legt m'r garn. 
 JProm hearsay a person may easily lie. 
 
 91. Wo?* D&t frojrfis wart is, is Jit howSs wart. 
 What's not worth asking for is not worth having. 
 
 92. V A asel hast d'r 5uar longor. 
 One ass calls the other Ion gear. 
 
 93. FSrshbrSchii mdcht shulda. Promises make debts. 
 
 94. 'Ola bisel helft, hut de olt fraw g'sawt we se in der sa 
 g'shbout hut. 
 
 "Every little helps," said the old woman who spit in the sea. 
 
 95. Be>ar 'n wenich g'leiart, 6s gtfns g'feiart. 
 Better a little done than all the time doing nothing. 
 
 96. Lus yadSr mon wos ar is, so bleibsht doo aw war doo 
 bisht. 
 
 Let every man what he is and you will remaia what 
 you are. 
 
 97. M'r mus law& un lawa lusa. 
 We must live and let live. 
 
 98. Zoo wgnich un zoo fel fardarbt 6lS shbel. 
 Too little and too much spoils everything. 
 
 99. Zoo i-h6rf shneit n8t, un zoo shbitsich shdgcht ngt. 
 Too sharp does not cut, and too pointed does not pierce. 
 
 100. 'Zwa ke"p sin beVr 6s anr, won aw anar 'n grout 
 kiip is. 
 
 Two heads are better than one, if one is a cabbage head. 
 
 104 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 101. Do is 's wo d'r haws ira peTr sitst. 
 Here is where the rabbit sits in the pepper. 
 
 RATSLA. 
 
 RIDDLES AND CONUNDRUMS. 
 
 1. W6s gukt m' h6lw& hink'l gleich? De 6Vr hSlft 
 What look? like half a chicken? The other half. 
 
 2. W6s geht uf 'ra kup de shdag nuf ? 'N shoonogSL 
 What goes up stairs on its head? A shoe nail. 
 
 3. Wos fargngrt sei nawm5, 'm g'shwinshta? 
 'N weibsmSnsh, won's heiart. 
 
 What changes its name the soonest? A lady at marriage, 
 
 4. F'r w6s hut d'r Eilashbigel 61s gheilt w6n 'r barg nunar 
 is, uu g'locht won 'r barg nuf is? Won 'r barg nunar is, 
 hiit 'r g'heilt, weil 'r b6l d' no widar barg nuf g'mist hfit ; 
 won 'r barg nuf is, hut 'r g'locht, weil 'r no b6l barg nunar 
 gonga is. 
 
 Why did Owleglass cry going down hill and laugh going 
 up ? When he went down he cried because he had to go up 
 again, and when he went up he laughed because he could 
 Boon go down again. 
 
 5. We k5n m'r d' g5ns& wag nuch d'r shdot reid im shSta? 
 W6u m'r ols obshdeigt un lawft wo's k6n'r hut. 
 
 How can one ride the whole way in the shade going t^ 
 town ? If he gets off and walks where there is none. 
 
 6. Wos is shwarts'r 6s 'n kr6p? De f&Tra. 
 What's blacker than a crow? Its feathers. 
 
 7. Wos gat de shdak nuf un ragt se n6t 'aw? D'r shmok, 
 What goes up stairs and does not touch it ? Smoke. 
 
 8. W6s is eld'r 6s sei mud'r? D'r gsich. 
 What's older than its mother ? Vinegar. 
 
 9. Wos hut 's harts im kiip ? 'N groutkup. 
 What has its heart in its head ? Cabbage. 
 
 10. Wos hut 's harts im g6nz& leib ? 'N bawm. 
 What has its heart in its whole body ? A tree. 
 
 11. We is d'r buchwaza iwar d'r sa kum ? Drei-Skich. 
 How did buckwheat come across the sea? Three-cornered. 
 
 105 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Wos geht uf 'm kup de shdag nuf ? 
 Waht goes up stairs on its head ? 
 
 Won is 'n fuks 'n fuks? 
 Won 'r 'la is. 
 
 When is a fox a fox ? 
 When he is alone. 
 
 'n Shoonftgel 
 
 A shoe nail. 
 
 For wos mo'cht d'r hawna de awga 
 zu won 'r jrrat ? 
 
 Weil ar's ouswSuich 
 
 Why does a rooster close his eyes 
 while crowing ? 
 
 Because he knows it by heart. 
 
 m 
 
 106 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GEKMAN LITERATURE 
 
 1 2. F'r w8s gukt d'r shumtfcn'r Sis in d'r shoo, w5n 'r 'n 
 f ardich hut? Won 'r drin war dat 'r rous guka. 
 
 Why does the shoemaker look into the shoe when it is done? 
 If he was in it he would look out. 
 
 13. F6r wos dut d'r hawna iw'r de woga glas shrida? 
 Weil 's zu weit is d'rurn rum zu gaa. 
 
 Why does a rooster step over a wheelrut ? 
 Its too far to go around. 
 
 14. For wos mocht d'r hawna de awga zu won 'r grat? 
 Weil ar 's ouswfiuich kon. 
 
 Why does a rooster close his eyes while crowing? 
 Because he knows his piece by heart. 
 
 15. For wos shbringt d'r fuks 'm brg nuf ? For 'm shwSns. 
 Before what does the fox run up the mountain ? 
 
 Before his tail. 
 
 16. Wo hut d'r Awdom d'r arsht nogel 'he g'shloga? 
 Uf d'r kup. 
 
 Where did Adam strike the first nail ? On the head. 
 
 17. For wos shtat de oor im hous ? WSu se grasar war 6s 
 's hous, d6n dat 's hous in d'r oor shtaii. 
 
 Why does the clock stand in the house. Because the house 
 is bigger than the clock. 
 
 18. We weit flegt de grtfb in d'r bush? 
 Bis in de mit, no flegt se wid'r nous. 
 How far does the crow fly into the woods? 
 Till in the middle then it fiifs out again. 
 
 19. Won, is 'n fuks 'n fuks ? Won 'r 'la is. 
 When is a fox a fox ? When he is alone. 
 
 20. We kna drei, drei oia> mit ntfn'r dala" un 's bleibt 
 niich ans in d'r shis'l leia? W6n d'r l6tsht de shis'l mit 'm 
 oi ne"mt. 
 
 How can three divide three eggs that one will remain in 
 the di*h ? If the last one takes the dish with the egg. 
 
 21. W6s hut 's grasht shnubduch in d'r welt? 
 VN hink'l, 's butst sei naws iwarawl ^>b uf d'r ard. 
 
 What uses the largest handkerchief in the world? A hen, 
 for it wipes its nose anywhere on the earth. 
 
 22. Dei mud'r hut 'n kind g'hot, un 's wor nt dgi brood'r 
 Sd'r dei shwe'shd'r. War wor's? Dich s^lwar. 
 
 Your mother had a child, but it was neither your brother 
 nor sister. Who was it? Yourself. 
 
 107 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 23. War 6s mocht dar sogt 6s n6t, 
 War 6s n6mt, dar k6ut 's n6t, 
 War 6s k6nt dar will 's n6t. 
 
 Ftflsh g6ld. 
 
 He who makes it does not say it, 
 He who takes it does not know it, 
 He who knows it does not take it. 
 
 Counterfeit money. 
 
 24. War hut g'labt un is g'shdSrwa, un w5r ne gabora? 
 D'r A wdom. 
 
 Who lived and died and was not born? Adam. 
 
 25. War w<5r g'bord un is ne g'shdorwS, ? 
 Doo, un nuch fel Snarii leit. 
 
 Who was born and did not die? You and many otheraL 
 
 26. We Iting shloft de k6ts uf 'm hoi ? 
 Bis 's awm6t druf kumt. 
 
 How long does the cat sleep on the hay ? 
 Till the second crop gets on. 
 
 REIMA. 
 
 BALLADS IN PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN. 
 
 ANS, ZWA, DREI. 
 
 ONE, TWO, THREE. 
 
 *Ans, zwa, drei ud'r fer, One, two, three or four, 
 
 MadSl won doo dtiusa wid, Lady, if you want to dance , 
 
 dons mit mer ; dance with me ; 
 
 Finf, sSks, siw3, tid'r ocht, Five, six, seven or eight, 
 
 Made!, wdn doo donsi wid, Lady, if you want to dance, 
 wtfrt bis no'cht. wait till night. 
 
 108 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 AW, BA, ZA. A, B, C. 
 
 Aw, ba, za, 
 
 De kftts hiikt im 'shna, 
 D'r 'shna gat w6k, 
 De kots leit ira drek. 
 
 A, B, C, 
 
 The cat sits in the snow, 
 The snow melts away, 
 The cat lies in the niud. 
 
 FRAW, WO GAT D'R WAK NOUS? 
 
 MADAM, WHERE DOES THE ROAD LEAD TO ? 
 
 Fraw, wo gat d'r wak nous ? Madam, where does the road 
 Do wsh ich olaweil 'u s6k ous, lead to ? 
 
 We fel oor mawgs sei ? I am just now washing a bag, 
 
 *Sgaa drei bush'l 'nei. What time might it be? 
 
 It'll hold three bushels. 
 
 BOLA WE SOLS. 
 
 BALL LIKE SALT. 
 
 Bol& we sols, 
 
 Butar we shmols; 
 
 Pef 'r gat uf, 
 
 War fongt shmeist druf. 
 
 DE MORYASHTUND. 
 De moryashtund hiit guld 
 
 im mucd ; 
 War se farseirat dar gat 
 
 zu grund. 
 
 Ball like salt, 
 
 Butter like lard, 
 
 Pepper arises, 
 
 Whoever catches it throws. 
 
 THE MORNING HOUR. 
 The morning hour has gold in 
 
 its mouth ; 
 And he fails who misses it. 
 
 109 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 HONSEL FON BOCH. 
 
 Htfnsel ftfn Boch 
 Hiit louder goot soch, 
 Hut shtiw'l un shpora 
 Hut oles f arlora, 
 Hut kught g'giisa, 
 Hut soldawda dod 
 
 g'shusa, 
 
 Hut'sheislifarbre'nt, 
 Hut himba d'rurn 
 
 g'henkt. 
 
 JOHNNY FROM THE BROOK. 
 Johnny from the 
 
 brook, 
 
 Has all good things, 
 Has boots and spurs, 
 Has lost everything, 
 Has cast bullets, 
 Has shot soldiers 
 
 dead, 
 Has burned the house 
 
 down, 
 
 And has hung rags 
 around it. * 
 
 HONS, WOO GAT D'R WAK NOUS? 
 
 JOHN, WHERE DOES THE ROAD LEAD TO? 
 
 Hons, woo gat d'r wak nous? John, where does this road 
 Do hous hokt an'r 'n shpacht lead to? 
 
 rous, Out here one is chopping out 
 
 a flicker. 
 Hons, ich glawb r hgrt nt John, I believe you don't hear 
 
 wol, 
 D'r bawra is rund rum hoi. 
 
 well, 
 The tree is hollow all around. 
 
 Hons, ich glawb er seid witsich, John, I believe you are witty, 
 Se hSn dina meilar un sin Their bills are thin and pointy 
 
 forna shbitsich. in front. 
 
 Htfns, ich glawb er seid 'n nor, John, I believe you are a fool, 
 Yaw, ich denk er seid im dor. Yes, I think you are tipsy. 
 
 DE MAD MIT DIKA BOKA. 
 
 GIRLS WITH FAT CHEEKS. 
 
 De mad mit dik bftka 
 He"n hartsa we de woka. 
 
 The girls with fat cheeks 
 Have hearts like flint. 
 
 FRE-YORS DAWGA. SPRING DAYS. 
 
 Im Horning ggbts shun February has already pleasant 
 
 'shana dawg, days, 
 
 De uns f om Freling wiil& Which tell us about Spring. 
 
 110 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 DE LADI FUN D'R RUTSH. 
 
 THE DUDISH LADY. 
 
 De Mi ftfn d'r rutsh, 
 Won se iawra wil, hut se k6n 
 
 kutsh, 
 Wftn se reidii wil, hut se kSn 
 
 goul, 
 
 Un wtfn se lawt'a mus, is se 
 zu foul. 
 
 'N ZWIW,L. 
 'S is 'n derli, 
 'S hast serli, 
 J S hut nein heit, 
 Un beist 5la leit. , 
 
 'S FEGLI GREINT. 
 De sun sheint, 
 'S fe'srli greint, 
 'Shiiktuf'm lawda, 
 Un shbint'n I5ng'r fawd3, 
 De gal fled'r-mous kumt, 
 Un pikt 'm fegli de 
 awgS, rous. 
 
 J N HAWNA. 
 
 'S kumt 'n m5n fun mik 
 
 brik, 
 Un hiit '11 glad fiin dou- 
 
 s^nd shdik, 
 Un hut 'n gnuchich 
 
 'aw'gsicht, 
 Un hut 'n Igd'rnar bawrd. 
 
 HIKA, HOKA, HEI. 
 Ans, zwa, drei, 
 
 The dudish lady, 
 
 Has no carriage when she 
 
 wants to drive, 
 When she wants to ride she has 
 
 no horse, 
 
 And if she must walk, she \s 
 too lazy. 
 
 AN ONION. 
 There is a little thing, 
 It is called seerly, 
 It has niue skins, 
 And bites every one. 
 
 BIRDIE CRIES. 
 
 The sun shines, 
 Birdie cries, 
 It sits on the shutter, 
 And spins a long thread, 
 The yellow butterfly 
 comes, And picks 
 birdie's eyes out. 
 
 A ROOSTER. 
 
 A fellow comes from fly 
 
 bridge, 
 
 And has a suit of a thou- 
 sand pieces, _ 
 He has a bony counte- 
 nance, 
 And has a leather beard. 
 
 HE HE, HA HA, HO. 
 One, two, three. 
 
 Ill 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Hika, htika, hei, 
 
 Mawd hill wei, 
 
 KnScht, she'll k ei, 
 
 Har, souf ous, 
 
 War rnus DOUS, 
 
 Ich Sd'r doo, 
 
 'Od'rs 6lta BSk'rs 5lti ke, kaw, 
 
 koo, 
 Un des bisht doo. 
 
 He he, ha ha, ho, 
 
 Maid bring wine, 
 
 Servant, fill up, 
 
 Mr. drink out, 
 
 Who must go out, 
 
 I or you, 
 
 Or Becker's old ke, kaw, 
 
 cow, 
 And that is you. 
 
 D'R MILAR HUT DE FRAW FARLORA.. 
 
 THE MILLER HAS LOST HIS WIFE. 
 
 Hika, h3ka, hei, He, he ! Ha, ha ! Ho, 
 
 D'r milar hut sei fraw farlora, The miller has lost his wife, 
 
 A Er sucht se rait k6ts un hunt, He is seeking her with cat 
 
 D'r Yarg'l httkt uf 'ra dSch, and dog, 
 
 Un l#cht sich zu shSb un George sits on the roof, 
 
 krum. Bent and crooked with laughter 
 
 YUKLE WIL NET BERA SHITLA. 
 JAKEY WILL NOT SHAKE THE PEARS. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r d'r Yukle nous, So sends the farmer Jakey out, 
 De bera nun'r shitla. To shake the pears down, 
 
 'Owar Yukle wil net, bera shitla, But Jakey will not shake the pears, 
 Un bera wela net f ola. And pears will not fall. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r 's bundle nous, So the farmer sends out the dog 
 
 Sul des Yukle beisa. To bite Jakey. 
 
 Bundle wil net Yukle beisa. Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla\ Jakey will not shake the pears, 
 
 Bera wela net fola. And pears will not fall. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r a brigle nous, So the farmer sends out a stick 
 Sul des bundle shmeisa. To beat the dog. 
 
 112 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Brigle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Bundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r 's feiar nous, 
 Sul des brikle brena. 
 Feiar wil net brikle brena, 
 Brikle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Hundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r wos'r nous, 
 Sul des feiar lesha. 
 Wos'r wil net feiar lesha, 
 Feiar wil net brikle brena, 
 Brikle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Hundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r 's exle nous, 
 Sul des wos'r souf a. 
 'Exle wil net wos'r soufa, 
 Wos'r wil net feiar lesha, 
 Feiaa wil net brigle brena, 
 Brigle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Hundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r 'n butsh'r nous, 
 Sul des exle shlochta. 
 Butsh'r wil net exle shlochta, 
 'Exle wil net wos'r soufa, 
 Wos'r wil net feiar lesha, 
 Feiar wil net brigle brena, 
 Brigle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Hundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So sbikt d'r bou'r a shtrikle nous, 
 Sul d'r butsh'r henka. 
 Shtrikle wil net butsh'r henka, 
 Butsh'r wil net exle shlochta, 
 'Exle wil net wos'r soufa, 
 Wos'r wil net feiar lesha, 
 Feiar wil n5t brigle brena, 
 Brigle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Hundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 Jakey will not shake the pears, 
 And pears will not fall. 
 
 So the farmer sends out the fire 
 
 To burn the stick. 
 
 Fire will not burn stick, 
 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 
 Jakey will not shake pears, 
 
 And pears will not fall 
 
 So the farmer sends out the water 
 
 To quench the fire. 
 
 Water will not quench fire, 
 
 Fire will not burn stick, 
 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 
 Jakey will not shake pears, 
 
 And pears will not fall. 
 
 So the farmer sends out the ox 
 To drink the water. 
 Ox will not drink water, 
 Water will not quench fire, 
 Fire will not burn stick, 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 Jakey will not shake pears, 
 And pears will not fall. 
 
 So the farmer sends out the butcher 
 
 To kill the ox. 
 
 Butcher will not kill ox, 
 
 Ox will not drink water, 
 
 Water will not quench fire, 
 
 Fire will not burn stick. 
 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 
 Jakey will not shake pears, 
 
 And pears will not fall. 
 
 So the farmer sends out the rope 
 To hang the butcher. 
 Rope will not hang butcher, 
 Butcher will not kill ox, 
 Ox will not drink water, 
 Water will not quench fire, 
 Fire will not burn stick, 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 Jakey will not shake pears. 
 And pears will not falL 
 
 113 
 
PENNSLYVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 114 
 
PENNSYLVAJSTIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r a mes'r nous, 
 8ul des slitrikle shneida. 
 Mes'r wil net shtrikle shneida, 
 Shtrikle wil net butsh'r henka, 
 Butsh'r wil net exle shlochta, 
 'Exle wil net wos'r souf a, 
 "Wos'r wil net feiar lesha, 
 Yeiar wil net brigle brena, 
 Brigle wil net bundle shmeisa, 
 Bundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So shikt d'r bou'r d'r hom'r nous, 
 Sul des mes'r brecha. 
 Hom'r wil net mes'r brecha, 
 Mes'r wil net shtrikle shneida, 
 Shtrikle wil net butsh'r henka, 
 Butsh'r wil net exle shlochta, 
 / Exle wil net wos'r souf a, 
 Wos'r wil net feiar lesha, 
 Feiar wil net brigle brena, 
 Brigle wil net hundle shmeisa, 
 Bundle wil net Yukle beisa, 
 Yukle wil net bera shitla, 
 Bera wela net f ola. 
 
 So gat d'r bou'r mol selwar nous, 
 Un wisht d'm Yukle heftich ous, 
 V no brecht d' r horn" r ' s mes' r shnop 
 Un 's mes'r shneit 's shtrikle ob. 
 D'r butsh'r gat aw on d'r job, 
 Un shneit d'm exle 's keple ob, 
 Un 's exle souft es wos'r uf, 
 *S wos'r lawft uf 's feiar nuf, 
 Un's feiar brent 's brigle uf, 
 *S brigle shlogt 's 'm hundle druf, 
 Urn's hundle shpringt om Yukle nuf, 
 Un Yukle krod'lt d r bera bawm nuf, 
 Be bera f ola, buf, buf, buf, 
 Un's buble shpringt un habt se uf, 
 D* bera yaw se wela f ola, 
 Un kuma uw'a run'r, 
 We *n dous'nt hort-gabrenta boka- 
 shta. 
 
 IN D'R WES DO WOKST DES GRAWS. 
 
 IN THE MEADOW GROWS THE GRASa 
 
 In d'r wes do wSkst dgs graws, In the meadow grows the grass, 
 Oos 'm wSs'r souft d'r haws, Out of the water drinks the hare, 
 
 So the farmer sends out the knife 
 To cut the rope. 
 Xnife will not cut rope, 
 Rope will not hang butcher, 
 Butcher will not kill ox, 
 Ox will not drink water, 
 Water will not quench fire, 
 Fire will not burn stick, 
 Stick will not beat clog, 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 Jakey will not shake pears, 
 And pears will not fall. 
 
 So the farmer sends out the hammtt 
 
 To break the knife. 
 
 Hammer will not break knife, 
 
 Knife will not cut rope, 
 
 Rope will not hang butcher, 
 
 Butcher will not kill ox, 
 
 Ox will not drink water, 
 
 Water will not quench fire, 
 
 Fire will not burn stick, 
 
 Stick will not beat dog, 
 
 Dog will not bite Jakey, 
 
 Jakey will not shake pears, 
 
 And pears will not fall. 
 
 So the farmer goes out himself, 
 
 And lashes Jakey mightily. 
 
 Then the hammer breaks the knife, 
 
 And the knife cuts the rope ; 
 
 The butcher goes at the job, 
 
 And cuts the ox's head off. 
 
 The ox drinks the water, 
 
 The water quenches the fire, 
 
 The fire burns the stick, 
 
 The stick beats the dog, 
 
 The dog jumps at Jakey, 
 
 And Jakey climbs the tree, 
 
 Pears fall pounce, pounce, pounce, 
 
 And baby runs and fpicks them up. 
 
 The pears yes they will fall, 
 
 And come down from above, ' 
 
 Like a thousand hard burned bricks. 
 
 115 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 In d'rgrik do shwima defish, In the creek there swim thefiah 
 Lushdish war niich leMich is. Happy who is yet single 
 
 Compilation by Rev. John-B. Stoudt, Emaus, Pa. 
 
 MOCK SERMONS. 
 
 Do steh ich up der kanzel 
 
 Un bredig wie en omshell 
 
 Stohre in der luft 
 
 Der vater hot geflucht. 
 
 Do steh ich der kanzel 
 
 Un bredig wie en omshell 
 
 Kommt en maus, un sput mich aun 
 
 So geht die gans karch aus. 
 
 En kolb is ken ziegen buck 
 En ziegenbuck is ken kalb. 
 Meine predig ist halb 
 Halb ist meine predig. 
 Mein bauch ist sehr ledig 
 Sehr ledig ists mein bauch. 
 Meine mitze ist rau 
 Rau ists meine mitze 
 Mein bruder heist Fritze 
 Frize heist mein bruder 
 En schwein ist kein luder 
 En luder ist kein schwein 
 So soil meine predig all sein. 
 
 116 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 ON FATHER'S KNEE. 
 
 Reita, reita, geuli, 
 
 Alle stun e meili, 
 
 Alle meil e wertzhaus, 
 
 Drink en glessel wei aus- 
 
 Reita, reita, geuli, 
 Alle stun e meili, 
 Alle meil e wertzhaus, 
 Bring em dawdy en bretzel 
 raus. 
 
 Tross, tross, trill, 
 Der bauer hot en fill, 
 Es fill will net laufe, 
 Der bauer will es verkaufe 
 Bumps geht's nunner. 
 
 Troll, tross, trill, 
 Der bauer hot en fill, 
 Es fill springt aweg, 
 Der bauer fallt in der dregf. 
 
 Reita, reita, geuli, 
 
 Alle stun e meili, 
 
 Reita, reita, iver der grawa, 
 
 Fallst du nei so musht es hawa 
 
 Bumps dert leista. 
 
 Hoss, kass, reiter! 
 
 Die kuh die hot en eider, 
 
 En eider hot die kuh, 
 
 Vun ledder macht mer schuh, 
 
 Schuh macht mer von ledder, 
 
 Die guns, die hot e fedder, 
 
 En fedder hot die gans. 
 
 Der fuchs der hot en schwanz, 
 En schwanz hot der fuchs, 
 
 Der edelman hot en kutch. 
 Alle kutch hot en edelman, 
 Wo mann drin laschieren kann. 
 
 CRADLE SONGS. 
 
 Hei-yo bei bubbeli, 
 Wass rappelt in stroh, 
 Es ketzel is g'sterve 
 Un es meisel is froh- 
 
 Hei-yo bubbeli schlof 
 
 Der dawdy heet die schlof, 
 
 117 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Die mommy heet die rote keeh, 
 Un kommet net hame bis morge 
 freeh. 
 
 Schlof, bubbeli, schlof, 
 Ded dawdy heet die schlof, 
 Die mommy heet die lammer, 
 Naw bubbeli schlof so vill langer. 
 
 Schlof, kindchein, schlof, 
 
 Der dawdy heet die schlof, 
 
 Die mommy is uf der katzenjam- 
 
 mer, 
 Un kommet net hame bis morgen 
 
 free. 
 
 Schlof, bubbeli, schlof, 
 Der dawdy heet die schlof, 
 Die mommy heet die lemmer, 
 In der dunkle kemmer, 
 Die schwartze will die weise, 
 Sie wolla es bubbeli beise. 
 
 Bei-yo, bubbeli, schlof, 
 Der dawdy heet die schlof, 
 Die mommy is uf der blander-jagd 
 Un kommet net hame bis dunkle 
 nacht- 
 
 Schlaf, kindlein, schlaf 
 Dein vater ist en schaf 
 Die mutter is en meer katz 
 
 Schlof du lieber krank batz. 
 Schlof, bubbeli schlof 
 Der dawdy heet die schof 
 Die mommy heet die lemmerlein 
 Un bringt en voller ditty heim. 
 
 Nodel fade, finger hut 
 
 Flick em bauer die hosen gut, 
 
 118 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Geht die frau ins heehner-haus 
 Un sucht die beste eyer raus; 
 Henk'd'n pupple an der wand 
 Hat'n gackerle in der hand. 
 
 Li eve mammy bubble -stock 
 
 Wu wid do naus? 
 
 Uf der berg eppel esse 
 
 Wann annerer leit zu mittag esse. 
 Esse mir zu morge; 
 Wann annerer kinner spiele gehne 
 Stehn ich an der wieg 
 Die wieg mach trip, trop 
 Da steckt mei klaner dick sock. 
 
 Anna Marie 
 
 Wu wid do hie? 
 Uf der berg eppel esse 
 Wann du zu meim schertzel kumst 
 Dann biets ihm gute morge 
 Sagt ich wer noch frisch un g'sund 
 Er breicht net fer mich sorge. 
 Wann annere made zum danza gehna 
 Dann bleib ich an der wieg steh 
 Die wieg macht knick, knock 
 Na schlof do klaner dick sock. 
 
 COUNTING - OUT RHYMES. 
 
 Eens, zwee drei 
 Du bischt frei 
 
 Ee kop 
 Zwee kop 
 Drei kop 
 Sei kop. 
 
 Eens, zwee, drei 
 Hicka, hocka, hei 
 Zucker uf der brei 
 Peffer uf der speck 
 Hahna geh weg 
 Oder ich schlag dich in der 
 dreck. 
 
 Ich un du 
 
 Un noch en buh 
 
 Un's Miller's kuh 
 
 Un sell bischt du. 
 
 Ich und du 
 
 Und's Becker's kuh 
 
 Und's Miller's asel 
 Der bischt du. 
 
 Ich und du 
 Und's Miller's Suh 
 Und's Becker's stier 
 Sind euer fier. 
 
 Eens, zwee, drei 
 Hicka, hocka, hei 
 Zucker uf der brei 
 Salz uf der speck 
 Hahne geh weg! 
 
 Eins, zwei drei 
 Butter auf der brei! 
 Schmaltz un speck 
 Hans koarth geh aweg! 
 
 Eins, zwei, drei 
 Butter auf der brei 
 Salz auf den speck 
 
 119 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Hans geh aweg. 
 
 Eens, zwee, drei 
 
 Hicka, hooka, hei ! 
 
 Maud hoi wei 
 
 Knecht schenk ei 
 
 Herr, sauf aus, 
 
 Wer muss naus 
 
 Ich oder du 
 
 Oders Becker's alte kuh, 
 
 kan kuh 
 
 Un sell bist du. 
 
 Die Magd die holte wein 
 Der knecht der schenkte ein 
 Der herr sauft ihn aus 
 Ich oder du bist naus. 
 
 Nodel, fadem, fingerhut 
 Stoppt der bauer all so gut 
 Wer mus naus 
 Ich oder du 
 Oder es Berke's braune keeh, 
 
 kan, kun 
 Un sell bischt du. 
 
 Dimble, domble, fingerhut 
 Stauf de bauer all so gut 
 
 Wer mus naus 
 
 leh oder du 
 
 Oders Miller's braune kuh 
 Un sell bischt du. 
 
 Ene bene fingerhut 
 
 Stirbt der bauer ist nicht 
 
 grut 
 
 Ene bene Taffelband 
 'S ist nicht weit von Engellan 
 
 Eenechen, teenechen, tinte foss 
 Geh in die echul und lerne wass 
 
 Lerne was dein vater kann, 
 Dein vater ist ein schnitter 
 Schnitt er sich ein pfeifschen 
 Pfeife alle morgen 
 Hehren ihn die storchen 
 Hehren ihn die raben 
 Geht die meehle klipp, klapp 
 Ei du alter peffersack. 
 
 Enige, denige dinte fass 
 Geh in die schul un lerne was 
 Kurnst du heem un kaust du nix 
 Krigst der buggel voile wix 
 
 or 
 Werst du recht gut ab geschwicht 
 
 Ene, dene, dinten fass 
 Geh in die schul un lerne wass 
 Wenn du was gelernet hast 
 Kommst du heim und sagst mir das 
 Eins, zwei, drei. 
 
 Eens, zwee drei messerstiel 
 Alda weiver fressa viel 
 
 120 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Die yunga missa warta 
 Es brod steht irn garta 
 Wer essa will mus beta 
 Die hunda kenna net 
 Der old John Grundsock 
 Schneidt der sau es ohr ab. 
 
 SHPICHTA, 
 
 ANECDOTE8. 
 
 DE NAWMA, HARMON UN YAWKUB. 
 
 mol 'n k&rl d5rch 'n shwSm g'lufa. D'nort is 'rim 
 &<!sumbichS, blSts nun'r g'sunka bis 6n d'r hftls. We ar drin 
 g'sh tuka hut, d6s yusht Dttch d'r kup rousg^gukt httt, is 'n 
 #ngr&r de shtros he g'liifa. SSlgm hfit 'r no zug^roofa un 
 hut gggrisha h^r, m6n, Mr, m6n ! D'r Sn^r httt yusht d'r 
 kup g'sana, un hut g'mant's war niks we 'n kup un hut z'rik 
 g'roofS, yaw, kup, yaw kup ! UfdSn wak sin de nawm, 
 Harmon un Yawkub in d'r gong kuma. 
 
 THE NAMES, HARMON AND JACOB. 
 
 Once upon a time a man was walking through a swamp, 
 
 and getting into a marshy place, sunk down up to his neck. 
 
 As he stuck in there with only his head out, another came 
 
 121 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 along the road, and he called out to him, Hear: man(harmon) 
 The other only saw the head, and thinking it was nothing but 
 a head, said: Yes, head yes, head, (yaw kap.) In this way 
 came the names Harmon and Jacob, (being the English for 
 
 Harrno'n and Yawkub). 
 I 
 
 IWAR 'N KLANES. 
 
 D'r Ougusht Shmid hut mol 'awftoga wul& brdich. 
 'Ar hut's in d'r sheiar uf 'ma hftgse'k g'prowert un hut iw'r 
 d'r tkst: "Iwar 'n klangs wart er mich ngt sana," awiftngS, 
 zu shwStsa, un we 'r recht eiirich w#ra is, hut 'r gshtumpt, 
 un no is d'r but'm neigabrucha, un ar is ins hdgsSd g'fdla. 
 Niich sSl'm hut 'r nimi g'prftwert zu bre'dicha. 
 
 YET A LITTLE WHILE. 
 
 Augustus Smith once wanted to begin preaching, So he 
 tried in the barn on a hogshead, and began to preach on the 
 text: u Yet a little while and ye shall not see me" As he 
 got in earnest he began to stamp, the head broke in and he 
 fell into the hogshead. After that he never tried to preach. 
 
 BIN ICH D'R PAD'R MORDI? 
 
 D'r Pad'r Mordi wor tool g'sufa, un is 'eig'shlofa, un 
 122 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 iwar d'r goul rnnar g'fola. D'r no hgu de leit sei goal ham 
 shpring lusa, nn h^n'm dar zawm in de bond gwa. We r 
 wokar wora is hut &r g'sawr, : "Bin ich d'r Pad'r Mordi Sd l r 
 n6t-? W6n ich d'r Pad'r MSrdi bin, dtin hob ich 'n goul f&r- 
 lora. W5n ich d'r Pad'r Mordi nt bin, don h6b ich 'n zawm 
 g'fana." 
 
 AM I PETER MORDY? 
 
 Peter Mordy once got drunk, and falling asleep, fell from 
 his horse. The people let his horse run home, and left the 
 bridle in his hand. As he' awoke he said: "Am I Peter 
 Mordy or not ? If I am Peter Mordy I lost a horse. If I am 
 not Peter Mordy, I have found a bridle." 
 
 '8 ZACHA OM MOND. 
 
 D'r Lejra HSnrich Bdchmon w6> &mol uf 'm Blo& BSrg 
 We'r glawda hut f6r 'n harsh zu shes&, hiit 'r net 
 g'wist wo g'shwind sei pulwa> hftrn 'he zu hSuka. D'r mond 
 wor yusht om ufga un wor im grshta frt'. D'no hiit 'r 
 sei puiwa> h6rn 5ns h6rn fiini mond g'hnkt. We J r d'r 
 harsh g'shus& hiit g'h6t, wdr d'r mond so hoch in d'r h&. do's 
 &r's pulwar hdrn nirai hiit racha kgna, D'no hgn de leit 61s 
 g'wun&rt we se's g'sana h^n 6m mond w6s f'6r 'n zacha des 
 sei mScht. We owar d'r mond amol ful is w6r, is 's zacha 
 Sbg'fola. 
 
 THE SIGN AT THE MOON. 
 
 The Liar Henry Bachman once was on the Blue Moun- 
 tain shooting. As he loaded to shoot a deer, he did not know 
 where he should quickly put his powder horn The moon 
 was just rising and was in its first quarter. Then he hung 
 his powder horn on one of the horns of the moon. After he 
 had shot the deer the moon was so high that he could not 
 
 123 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 reach his powder horn any more. Then the people who saw 
 it wondered what the strange sign at the moon might be. 
 But as the moon became full the sign dropped off. 
 
 'M NUSBICKEL SEI BOTRESLA SHESA. 
 
 D'r Nusbickel hut gmol gn drub btftreslS 5m m' hoishduk 
 , un se sin 61s drum rum g'shprungS,. 'Ar hut se 
 no nSt Sngrsht dreT& kgua bis Sr sei flindaiawf grum geboga 
 hut un hut na no g'shus^. No we de shrot 6ls rum sin kum 
 is Sr 51s in de h'a g'gjumpt. SSlS. w6g hiit 6r se 61 g'rikt. 
 
 NUSBICKEL'S PARTRIDGE SHOOTING. 
 
 Nusbickel, once upon a time, met a flock of partridges 
 running around a haystack. He could not hit them in any 
 other way, than by bending his gun barrel, and shooting after 
 them. When the shot came around he jumped up, so that 
 they passed underneath him. In this way he killed them all 
 
 DOUWA SHESA. 
 
 D'r Leg& B5chm6n hiit mol 'D ntfsht f ul douwa sitsa 
 124 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 eana. D'no hut 'r nt g'wist we zu shesa d5s 'r se 61 grikt, 
 No hut 'r un& on d'r n5shd w&Tr g'shiisa, d6s 'r ufg'shplit is, 
 un de douwa mit da, fes im ris f 5sht wora sin. We se 6w'r no 
 'awf6ng& hn zu flega, hn se d'r bawm 6n d'r w6rzel rous 
 g'risa un sin mit f ortg'fluga. No hut 'r se duch f arlora. 
 
 SHOOTING PIGEONS. 
 
 Liar Bachman once saw a limb sitting full of pigeons, 
 and he did not know how to shoot so that he would get them 
 all. Then he shot into the limb from below so that the limb 
 split open, and the pigeons got fast with their feet. But as 
 they began to fly they pulled out the tree, root and all, and 
 flew away with it. So he still lost them. 
 
 DE O'BKEICHA FUN D' PENSILFAW- 
 NISH DEITSHA IN OLTA ZEITA. 
 
 THE CUSTOMS OF THE PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS IN THE 
 OLDEN TIMES. 
 
 FEIARDAWGA. 
 
 Grish'dawgs b'shgnkt m'r 61s sei freind. De kin'rkriga" 
 61s Grishtkindlgn. Owts gat 61s 's Grishtkindli rum 6n de 
 
 heisar un dalt g'shgnk& ous. De kin'r fra& sich druf. 'Ols- 
 &mol kumt d'r belsnick'l un m6cht d' kin'r b6ng. Ar shmeist 
 keshda rum un w6n de kin'r shpringa f 6r se ufzulasa h6kt 'r 
 ee mit seinra wib. 
 
 Neiyor ward 6ls 'awg'shusS un 's 6ld yor ous. De shits 
 gan rum fun hous zu hous, winsha 's Neiyor 'aw un shesa fur 
 d'r dar. W6n m'r n6nar sarsht sant 6m Neiyors dawg 
 
 125 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 winsht m'r J n 6"uar 'n glicksalich Neiyor. 'N yad'r prowird 
 'm tfnera for zu kuraa um sarsht iiu winshil zu sei. 
 
 Uf oshd'ra ggbts oshd'r-oiar. No pikS, se 61s mitno'nar. 
 Dar wu 'm #ngr& sei oi farbrcht krikt 's oi. M'r frogt 'aw 
 
 61s wSnm'r Sb'r 'awdrgft: "Wo hiisht du mei oshd'r-oi?" 
 No mus m'r 61s 'n oi g6wa w6n ra'r ans hut. 
 
 'Om him'lf5rtdawg wart gawr nSt g'sh6ft. S is iw^r6l 
 karch. Fel leit sin uf d'r maning w5n m'r sh6f a dat uf den 
 
 dawg dat 'ms g'wit'r in's hous shloga. Sei is wul Swarglawa, 
 dw'r ra'r stit d'r dawg heilich hdlda. 
 
 ZwSda Grishdawg, Oshd'r Mondawg un Pingsht M6n- 
 dawg wara aw g'hftlda, owar n6t so org shtrSng, g'wanlich 
 
 yusht f6r bgmb'l dawga, un 6n a dal blgts m(5clia se fr51ika, 
 dw'r sSl is b6l ous fashion. 
 
 HOLIDAYS. 
 
 On Christmas we usually give gifts to our friends. The 
 children receive Christmas presents. In the evening Krist- 
 
 126 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 kindel goes around to the houses and distributes Christmas 
 presents. The children await him. Sometimes Belsnickel 
 comes and frightens them. He throws chestnuts around, and 
 when the children run to pick them up, he hits them with 
 a whip. 
 
 Coming of New Year and the departure of the old is an- 
 nounced by shooting. Those shooting go from house to house, 
 present their New Year's wishes and shoot before the door. 
 As we meet each other the first time on New Year we wish 
 each other a Happy New Year. Each one tries to get ahead 
 of the other in wishing. 
 
 At Easter people have Easter eggs. Then they pick eggs 
 with each other. The one breaking the other's egg gets it. If 
 you meet some one you ask : "Where do you have my Easter 
 egg ?" Then he will have to give an egg if he has one. 
 
 On Ascension Day no work is done. Church services are 
 held every where. Many people believe that if they work on 
 that day, lightning will strike their house. Although that is 
 superstition, yet we ought to keep the day holy. 
 
 Second Christmas, Easter Monday and Whit Monday are 
 also kept, but not very strictly, usually only for a day off, 
 and at some places they have frolics, but that is almost out 
 of fashion. 
 
 FESHTDAWGA. 
 
 De arndkarch is 'n grosar fSshtdawg unar uns'rm f iilk. 
 De leit ga& no g'wanlich 61 in de karch, wo"n se sunsht 
 mtfnchmol im a gtfnsa yor nt in d'r karch wawra. In Buks, 
 
 Le'chaw, Ntfrtampton un M5ngumari gounti wara de arnd- 
 karehsi in d'r wuch g'holta, im onera dal fun shtad uf Sun- 
 dSgs. Dar fert Yuli ward aw g'holta. 
 
 FESTIVAL DAYS. 
 Harvest home is a great festival among our people. The 
 
 127 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 people then usually all go to church, often when they have 
 not been in church for a whole year. In Bucks, Lehigh, North- 
 
 ampton and Montgomery Counties harvest services are held on 
 week days, in other parts of the State on Sunday. The Fourth 
 of July is also celebrated. 
 
 FROLIKA. 
 
 L6twarg fr61ika war& shbotyors g'm6cht w6ns fel 8b'I 
 hut. De boowa un mad kuma owe"ds z6ma. 'A boo un 'a 
 mad'l rerii 61s, 6d'r gSw'n 6cht uf d'r ksel un doon huls uf ~t 
 
 leiar. De 6nar& shala 6b'l. W6n de 6b'l 61 g'shalt sin no 
 hSn se 61s aweil g'shbos bis d'r I6twarg gakucht is, no gats 
 dns kgsgl shlgka. 
 
 Ma6n fr61ik g^bts w6ns m6ndshei is in d'r hoi6t un im 
 awm6tm6cha. Fufza 6d'r zw6nsich nuchb^ra kum& z6m 
 maa 's eraws. Um ung'far zaa oor hgn se 'n gut n6cht 
 Om drinka falts aw nt 
 
 un 
 
 128 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Kwildiug frolika mocha de weibsleit, won se d6bich zu 
 kwilda hn. De mad \vara eig'lawd un na on d'kwilis 
 
 nuchmidogs. 'N gut nocht Ssa w^rd zug'risht. Won's mo 
 
 duiik'l ward kuma de boowa fiin d'r nuchb'rsh(5ft bei,no 
 ee bl^ser bis zimlich shbot in do nocht uei. 'OMmol 
 g'donst won se 'n shbelmon hfin. 
 
 WSlshkorn-bosht-frolika e^bt's shhotyors. W5n's mond. 
 shei is, wara se uf ow^ds g'mocht, owar sunsht niichmidftgs- 
 
 Won 'n mad^l 'n rodar kulwa g'rikt wttrd se g'wanlichg'bust 
 
 un n > I6cha se owar 61?. 
 mol 's boshda farbei is. 
 
 OweYs ward *aw ols g'shbelt 
 129 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'S zeg& fre-yors is 'aw 51s 'n lushdicha zeit. 'Olsemol sin 
 IB so hoch we zw6nsig wSga. De boovva un mad mdcha's 6ls 
 shik d6s se zomii kum uf 'a wawga iw'r'm fawra. W6n se 
 #n d'r b!6ts kuma, shdSl& se de 6fa un de bSd'r uf, moch& 
 middog-Ssa un f arlushderii sich bis in de nocht nei. 
 
 FEOLICS OR PARTIES. 
 
 Apple butter parties are made in the fall if the apples are 
 plentiful. The boys and girls come together in the evening and 
 a young man and lady stir, or take care of the kettle, and put 
 wood on the fire. The rest peel apples. When the apples are 
 all peeled they have fun awhile until the apple butter is done, 
 then they "lick the kettle." 
 
 Mowing parties are made by moonlight in hay making, 
 and the time of making the second crop. Fifteen to twenty 
 neighbors come together and mow grass. At about ten o'clock 
 they have a good supper, and there is no lack of something 
 to drink. 
 
 Quilting parties are made by the women when they have 
 a quilt to make. The ladies are invited and sew at the quilt 
 in the afternoon. A good supper is prepared, and when it 
 gets dark the boys in the neighborhood come together and 
 have pleasure till late at night. Sometimes they dance if they 
 have any one to play the violin. 
 
 Corn husking parties are made in the fall. When it is 
 moonlight they are made in the evening, otherwise in the 
 afternoon. If a girl finds a red ear she is usually kissed, and 
 then they laugh. In the evening they have amusements after 
 the husking is done. 
 
 Moving in spring is also a pleasant time. Sometimes 
 there are as many as twenty wagons. The boys and girls 
 make it suit so that they get together on one wagon while 
 driving. When they get to the place they set up the stove3 
 and beds, make dinner and have a good time till late at night. 
 
 B'DOLYA. 
 
 Des wawr 61s 'n groga zeit. A mol 's yor, 61s f 'r common 
 6m Ferta July un 6m Oshd'r Mbndawg un Ping.-ht Mond&wg 
 6n 'n dal blSts is 61s zomma kuma \v6rra, un 6Js fuu ordlich 
 weit rum. No hn ee 6ls g'exazeert, de"s wor we de soldawda 
 g'drillt warra f'r in d'r greek. Do sin 61s de druma un peifa 
 g'shbeelt w5r un se sin g'marchd zum shlogd tun d'r bos- 
 drum. OwSts w6r 6ls 'n dons. Do wora 6ls- ( weibsleit ga- 
 gawardig. An'r hut de geik g'shbeelt f6r 'n fib f 6rs paar. 
 Se wora 6ls so shlim f 5r donsa, d6s d'r shbelmon sheer n6t 
 
 130 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 rat dooa hut kgnna. Se he*n de fib uf sei ba g'lagt un dal hut 
 r im moul g'hot un hut de gons zeit shbeela missa. G'drunki 
 fcn se owSr, dos se 6ls g'suffa sin wdra, no hgn dal f gchtA 
 wll3L Dalmols hn se dls non'r de avvg& shwdrts g'shlSga 
 mm no widd'r uf g'mocht un hands g'shakt un ans mit n6n'r 
 jfdrunka. So wawr 61s es b'dolya 'n grosa zeit un fel blgseer 
 frue6lta. Mark sheesa, husla, shdories f'rzala un fel so 
 
 aficha wora 5ls noch da bei. 
 d6rt g'hot. 
 
 D'r Lindsay hut sei sho aw tils 
 
 BATTALION. 
 
 Battalion used to be a great time. Once a year, usually 
 the Fourth of July, Easter Monday and Whit Monday, 
 Abe people would come together at some places from a 
 great distance. Daring the day they drilled and paraded as 
 are drilled for war. The drum and fifes were played 
 they marched to the beating of the bass drum. In the 
 there was a dance. Women were present. One 
 play the violin for a sixpense or a fip a couple. They 
 so eager for dancing that the fiddler could hardly get 
 They would place the fips on his knees and some he 
 in nis mouth, and played on the whole time. They 
 so much that they got full, and then some wanted to 
 
 131 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 fight. Sometimes they would skrike each other's eyes black, 
 make up again, and drink with each other. Thus battalion 
 was a great time, and much pleasure for the people of that 
 time. Mark shooting, hustling matches, story telling and 
 the like marked the events of the day. Lindsay often had 
 bis show at these places. 
 
 DE OLTA GAMES. 
 
 In d'r shul w5r's ols k bola, padd'l bola, drila bola, 
 shuts, oldy loos, un dal mols, w fin's shul hou> 6m bu.-li wawr, 
 fils harsh, weil de mad ols ring, shgbly, bio fog'l, vrei gordi 
 un brikboua g'&hbeeld hn. D ham h6n &e ols shde'kle, 
 blum-s5k, blindameisly, figmeel, kreizmeel, ringmeel kfitsakiip, 
 gSnsfoos, jak un nfich fel onfira grames g'shbeeld, moncha 
 dos heitzudawg niich g'shbeeld wara uf 'm lond. Se b^u oi 
 ehalmatcha, kwilt'ns, shtripp'n matches g'hot, no h6n se dU 
 party leeder g'shbeeld un dalmols g'd^us'd. 
 
 F'r ^k bolii w6ra feer 6ka un an'r uf yad'm 6k, un 'a. 
 l<5t in o'r shdub; no hn de uf'da Ska de in d'r shdub 5ia 
 g shmisj-a, Padd'l bol& is g'shbeeld wora feel we uus'r bag 
 bSla, yushd mid 'm wacha b6la. F'r drila bSla wor yushd 
 an'r 5s fun am k uf's on'r gVhbrunga is un won ar uf 'm 
 Sk wor hut ar 6h de in d'r shdub g'shraissa. Shuts. Do 
 bflt an'r d'r Tola g'numm& un is d' on'ra noch bi-i ar se 51 
 g'shmissa g'hdt hut -Harsh wor d'r earn wag, yushd dos se 
 sich tils harsh g'hasa h^u un im bush rum g'shbrunga sin. 
 Ring sliSbly wor fe* 1 ! os w-^ des ring shbeela beit ncuh ig. 
 Blofog'l. Do h6n de mad 61s 61 feVl nawma g'hot un d'nd 
 hut 61s ans ousfina missa wl dos blofog'l hast. 
 
 Shdekle. Se h^n sich 6ls 51 f rshd^kl'd 6s we ans; ua 
 dgs hiit de on'ra sucha mi^sa. Blum-sock. Do h6n se 5ls 'a 
 5ld honduch g'nummS, un dfis g'fl5cht& nn 'n I5t sich uf 'n 
 bonk g'hukt un d'r blum-sok hinich sich g'numma an ana 
 
 132 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Ifit 'n g'sucht. 'S hut 61s Srdlich shlag gSwa bis 
 
 w6r. Figmeel, kreizmeel, ringmeel, kStsakup un 
 
 gSnsfoos is 61s mit welshkorn karnS, tidd'r gn6b uf shdik'r 
 kord g'shbeeld w6ra. Luch b5l. Do h&n se 51s 'n luch 
 ffhot u n an'r hut d'r b6l nei un g'sawt war shmeisii mils, no 
 sin se 61 g'shbrunga for wfig. Dar wu g'druiF^ is w6r& hut 
 BO dilr b6la g'nurama un won an'r f 'rfalt hut wtfr Sr 6us. 
 
 Griitta hupsa. Dgs wor gros'r g'shbSs. Finf, sgx 6d y r 
 niich ma hn sich he g'shdgllt un d'r kup nunn'r g'bigt un 
 an'r is iv'r se g'jumpt, ans urn's 6n'r bis r iv'r se 61 wawr. 
 No is d'r hinnarsht nei g'shdUrt un so bis se zu meed w5ri. 
 
 y^^^^lfe-r-^-- 
 
 THE OLD GAMES. 
 
 In school they were corner ball, bat ball, chase ball, 
 hooting, old sow, and sometimes, when the school house was 
 ear to the woods, deer, while the girls used to play ring, 
 Hue bird, vineyard and bridge building. At home they played 
 Itide and seek, plumsack, blind-man's-buff, figmill, crossmill, 
 ringrnill, cat's head, goose foot, Jack, and many others, some 
 f which are played to this day. There were snitsing matches, 
 quilting parties and stripping matches, where *hey played 
 party plays and sometimes had dancing. 
 
 To play corner ball there were four corners, with one on 
 earn corner and a number inside, who were hit with the ball 
 by those on the corners. Bat ball was played much like our 
 ball, except that they had a soft ball. To play chasing 
 
 133 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 ball there was only one who would run from corner to co 
 and hit those inside with the ball. In shooting ball one took 
 the ball and ran after the others till he had hit them all. Deer 
 was about the same, except that they called themselves deer 
 and ran around in the woods. Ring playing was much as our 
 ring playing to-day. To play blue bird they all had tire 
 names of birds and one had to guess which one was the ble 
 bird. To play hide and seek they would all hide and one fea& 
 to seek the others. Plumsack. They took an old towd^ 
 turned and twisted it with a knot at the end, and sat o a. 
 bench, when one had to find it behind them. A good deal of 
 lashing was done till it was found. Figmill, crossmill, 
 mill, cat's head and goose foot were played on pieces of 
 with grains of corn and buttons. Hole ball. The boys 
 to have a hole in the ground, and one would lay in the bai 
 and say who should throw. Then the rest ran away. If one 
 was hit he had to take the ball and if one missed he was oat, 
 Leap frog. (Hop, Step and Jump.) This was much fun. A 
 number of boys would stand in a row", one behind the other 
 facing all one way, bent down their heads, and one of tiieon 
 would jump over the rest, one after another, until he 
 over them all, when the last one would start in and so on 
 they were tired. 
 
 a'SHICHTA. 
 
 HISTORICAL FACTS. 
 
 FOR OLDARS. 
 
 Des is g'shriwa fum Allentoun Fredensboti Mon. 
 
 For oldgrs ds mant bei uns iw'r hunart yor we uasfe 
 /oreltara in's Iftnd kuma sin, un's Sshtlich Pe'nsilfawni awp- 
 g'set'lt hen, wawr's nuch 'n orma, shelchta gaySnd, ful iashfip. 
 shltfnga un fel 6Vr uugazife'r. 'S I5nd wawr iwerha-wpt 
 farchtarlich mawg'r 's hut gfalt on misht, un fun kalk UZL 
 kla hiit m'r nuch niks gawist. Sliwar huls h6n se numi San 
 d' wosara fina k6na, sunsht iweYol grundachla, hos'lh^ldl am 
 gawr niks, weil de fgrhfink'rtii insha 61 a yor w^ggSbr^ftt b^ 
 w5s se brna h^n kSna. So 6rrn we's lend, wawru aw tmsV 
 forg^ng'r. Se hgn sher niks g'hot ols erS, shtorka arm, 61 
 f&rtroua uf Gttt, fleis un ^Sduld un shofiche shpawrsoma weibs- 
 Jeit, wo iwerol mitg'hulf a uu orgd, shtropotsa h^n h-Slfa ous- 
 
 13 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 ehtaa". We sich uns'r forggng'r im 'awfong bahelfa hgn misS 
 do d'rfiin hut olaweil sher nemoud 'n begrif. SSla olta, dana 
 era nawma m'r uf d' olta grawbshta uf unsara karchhaf rum 
 las kon, uu de drewa in d'r avvigi hamet g'wis shgn'ra heis'r, 
 sheiara, f 6ld'r uu gawrta bawona, we m'r do uf d'r ard hgn 
 sSl hn m'r fel, f'el zu f'rdonka. Se sin de leit, woo, zu 
 sawgii, ous niks, in gros'r ormoot uu un'r gros'm mong'i de 
 harlicha bleSnda gag'udS, in uns'rm dal fum shtawt g'shSfa 
 h^n, wo nou era nochkumft driu lawS,, we cle fag'l im honf- 
 sawma. M'r siita ne f ' rg&sa, ena 'n doiikbawr awdenka zu 
 bSwawrii. 
 
 Sehtmols 's wawr so in da yor3, fun 1727 bis 1740 hgn 
 de leit do rum ka heis'r g'hot we dlftweil. 'Och doo lewa 
 zeit, we hfin se gabei'r g'hot! De arshtft sfitl'r, woo fum 
 6lt& loud un sher 61 ous d'r Polz kuma sin, wawra in uns'ra 
 gag'nd dorchwek wus m'r shkwot'rs hast. De hen sich 'n 
 ehtik lond rous g'sucht, 'n blukheis'l druf ggbout un hgn aw- 
 
 We's g'gukt hut we se aw kuma sin. 
 Appearance of the country when they arrived. 
 
 135 
 
% PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 fftngli zu klora, zu butssi un zu bou'ra, grawd we w6n se 'a 
 iSnd agnS data. 'S is aw zu sSll'r zeit im& bref ous Felgdelfe 
 griisa glawg beira gtiv'rner g'fert wSra, dos de fel& deitsha 
 iw'r5i 's bSsht l6nd ufnginft dat& un g'farlich wara. Nuchd'r- 
 hond hgn se ow'r pat'nt deds fur er lond g'rikt un hgn's be*- 
 zawlt zaa bis f'ufza pund fttr hun'rt 6k'r. We mol fer wSnd 
 ufgSbltikt un 'n d5ch drew'r wawr un we se mol frucht ga- 
 bou'rt uu fe g'hftt hSn, h6n se sich aw bluk-sheirii g'bout, 
 obshtbam ous 'm karn gSzo^a un gfiblonst, un so ans ntich 'ra 
 on'ra un'r grosa mesalichkeita. fie blukheis'r h6n *s mgnsht 
 dal yusht 'n shtuk g'hot, un uf 'm shbeich'r, wo d'r wind 
 durchg'pifil un d'r 'shna neigoblo.s, hn 5ls de kin'r g'shlofa, 
 d'r dawdi un de morni 5\v'r h6n er b6t hun& in d'r woudshtub 
 g'hot. S3li kiu'r, wo bei rou'r ktisht un in d'r roS, nawdoor 
 ul'ga,w(jchs3, sin, h6n de fareht'rliehft shtorkS- m6n'r un krgft- 
 icha weibsleit gSwa, wo m'r 6ls de 6lta nuch d'rfun f ' rzala 
 hart ; un sel wawra de leit, woo uns'r lond fun d' 'Ent;l6n'r 
 ngn liglf'a frei f 6chta. Un grawd so leit hut's g'numa ftfr dt 
 'English^ zu Ifid'ril un'r d' umshte'nda, we se wawra. 
 
 Wom'r oluweil in uns'rar gag'nd rum kumt un sicht de 
 harlichii ffild'r uu wesa, de 'shanji wonhei-s'r un prgchticha 
 gro^S, slieira, mit 6l'rh5nd h^ndichS, naw&gabei un fel'rla 
 mosheua, k5n m'r sher ngt glaw3, d5s 's so g'wSst wawr for 
 6lt'rs. SJatot uns'ra, goota bleg, 'aga, w6lz3, un kultiwat'ra 
 hSn se bleg mit hglz'rna wSnbrgt'r g'hot, wo se 's I5nd mit 
 rumg'shun& h6n, 'agi mit h^lz'rn^ z6pa, od'r hgu 'n osht 
 fumsi bawm ew'rs f eld g'shlaft, w5n se g'sat ngn g'hot ; sunsht 
 
 is Sl's'mit d'r hok un f tin hond g'shoftwora. M'r broucht 
 yusht on de 6lt sich'l un de s6ns zu dSnka, un de mdshina mit 
 f 'rgleicha, um sicfc zu f 'rwun'ra. Fel hgn ka dre'shde'u g'hot, 
 weil ka bord um d'r wag wawra. D'r buda in d'r shei'r 
 wawr hSrt z5ma g^blotsht un do druf ngn se de frucht mit d' 
 flgg'l ggdriisha. F6r se zu butsS, hSn se de frucht d6rch 
 h^lzna seba garada, don uf 'n hoch garisht g'drawga un won 
 d'r wind rScht shorf gabiv4. hut, driw'r run'r uf 'n leinducb 
 
 136 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 g'shit ; d'r wind hut de shprou we'gge'blosa, un uf sel wag is 
 de frucht souw'r wor& on& windmel. 
 
 M'r mus sich gwis f 'rwun'ra iw'r dSs wos flets un shpawr- 
 somkeit, mit Gut 6s sag in& pawr me'nsh'udlt'r zoowagi 
 ggbrucht h6n. '8 is k6n f ulk uf d'r &rd, wo durchwgg so 
 gooti heis'r un shei'ra un die's so hgndich, souw'r un sha 
 ei'ggricht hut, we de Deitshii P^nsilfawni'r. 'Ow'r we g'sawt, 
 m'r wulS, nSt tfirg&a, v;o dSs 6lSs harkumt. 
 
 We's a pawr yor nucbhar g'gukt hut. 
 Appearance a few years later. 
 
 IN OLDEN TIME. 
 
 In olden time, which means to us more than a hundred 
 years ago, when our forefathers came into this country and 
 settled in Eastern Pennsylvania, the land was yet poor, full 
 of Indians, snakes and otner pests. The soil was, in general, 
 very poor, lacking manure and lime, and clover was not 
 known. Heavy timber could only be found along streams, 
 evftrvwhere else brush oak. witch-hazel or nothing because 
 
 137 
 
FEJNIX&Y.LVAINJLA Ui^KMAJN l^LTEKATURE 
 
 the Indians burned up everything they could. As poor as the 
 land, so were our forefathers. They had nothing except their 
 strong arms, trust in God, industry and patience, and economic 
 and hardworking wives, which assisted everywhere and helped 
 to endure severe hardships. How our forefathers in the start 
 helped themselves, no one can now fully imagine. Those 
 old people, of whose names \ve now read on the old tomb- 
 stones in our cemeteries, and who are now yonder in the 
 eternal home, with certainly more beautiful houses, barns, fields 
 and gardens than we have here, to them we owe many thanks. 
 They were the people who, out of nothing, in great poverty 
 and want, prepared the pleasant blooming surroundings in our 
 part of the State, wherein their posterity now r live as the birds 
 in hempseed. We should never forget to have a thankful 
 remembrance of them. 
 
 At that time it was in the years from 1727 to 1740 the 
 people around here had no houses as we have now. Oh, dear 
 me, what buildings ! The first settlers, who came from the 
 old country and nearly all from the Palatinate were in our com- 
 munity throughout what we would call squatters. They 
 selected a piece of land, built on it a loghouse and began to clear 
 and cultivate as though they owned the land. At that time 
 great complaint was brought to the Governor at Philadelphia, 
 that the "Dutch" every where took the best land and were dan- 
 gerous. Afterwards they got patent deeds for their land and 
 paid from ten to fifty pounds per hundred acres. They built 
 four walls with a roof over it and had raised grain and cattle, 
 
 they built log barns, raised fruit trees from the seed, and thus 
 one after another had great hardships. The log houses mostly 
 were only a story high, and on the top floor, where the wind 
 whistled through and the snow blew in, the children used to 
 sleep. Father and mother had their bed on the first floor. 
 Those children, who grew up by coarse food and in raw nature 
 
 138 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITEEATURE 
 
 became the most fearfully strong men and hardy women, about 
 whom we still hear the old people speak. They were the 
 
 people who helped to fight for our freedom from England. And 
 such people it took to whip the English under the circum- 
 stances. When we now go through our community and see 
 the beautiful fields and meadows, the splendid homes and 
 large barns, with all kinds of out-buildings and many imple- 
 ments, we can hardly believe that things were so in olden 
 times. In place of our good plows, harrows, rollers and culti- 
 vators, they had plows with wooden mould boards with which 
 they skinned over the land, and harrows with wooden teeth, or 
 they dragged a limb of a tree across the field after they had 
 sowed it. Otherwise they worked with hoe and hand. Just 
 think of the old sickle and scythe, and compare them with 
 the present machinery, to see the wonderful improvement. 
 Many had no threshing floor, because there were no boards. 
 The bottom of the barn was stamped hard, and there they 
 thrashed their grain with flails. 'To clean grain they sifted it 
 through wooden sieves, and took it up on a high scaffold and 
 threw it down on sheets when the wind was blowing strongly. 
 The wind blew away the chaff and in that way the grain was 
 cleaned without fanning mills. 
 
 It is surprising, indeed, how much was accomplished with 
 industry and frugality, and God's blessing in a few genera- 
 tions. There is no people on the face of the earth, which has. 
 throughout such good houses and barns, everything so handy, j 
 clean and neat as the Pennsylvania Germans. * As heretofore 
 said, we should not forget where all this comes from. 
 
 139 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 ORICHINAWL 
 
 ORIGINAL POETRY. 
 
 D'R KRAM'R. 
 
 THE PEDDLER. 
 
 (Fum Pora C. Z. Weiser.) 
 
 Won ich ols on mei'm f ensht'r huk 
 Un hab mit an'ra bond d'r kup 
 
 Un sa d'n kram'r lawf a, 
 Don wult ich ols, ich kent sei pok, 
 Un 51 sei dings, mit somt'm sok 
 
 Yusht hor un sol obkawf a. 
 
 'N monch'r rent m'r do f rbei, 
 
 When I always at my window sit, 
 And resting the head on the hand, 
 And see the peddler walking by, 
 Then I wish, I could his pack, 
 And all his things togetherwith sack 
 Just then and there buy of him. 
 
 Many a one runs by here, 
 
 So g'shwind, ich sa knops war 'r sei And who it is, I cannot see, 
 
 Un hob's aw glei f'gesa. 
 D'r kram'r ow'r sbleicht do he 
 Un trawgt sei kup sher uf d' kne, 
 
 M'r mant 'r dat lond mesa. 
 
 We shnouft 'r un we blost 'r duch, 
 Bol we 'n uks, d'r in seim yuch 
 
 Fun dawg zu dawg mus henka. 
 Beshur is em sei buk'l ro, 
 'Uf kors sei shuld'r shworts un bio, 
 
 So epes lust sich deiika. 
 
 And soon are forgotten. 
 But the peddler slowly walks along 
 With his head almost on his knees. 
 You think he measures the land. 
 
 How he breathes and how he blows, 
 Almost like an ox, who in his yoke 
 From day to day must hang. 
 It is certain that his back is sore, 
 Of course his shoulder black & blue, 
 Such, no doubt, is the case. 
 
 De pilg'r-reis shwetst fel fun 'am Pilgr' s Progress speaks much of one 
 
 Christian un grawd d'r were sam Christian and just the very same 
 
 Lawlt uns niich for de awga : Walks yet before our eyes : 
 
 D'r mon, sei bund'l, shtuk un reis The man, his bundle, staff & journey 
 
 'S is yushtament de namlich weis Is just at last the same manner 
 
 'N leiknis kon m'r sawjra. A likeness one can surmise. 
 
 140 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 We hut nou d'r Jon Banyan 's g'fikst How did it now John Bunyan fix 
 
 Un in d'r tshal sei f orwa g'mikst, 
 
 D'n kram'r obzumola? 
 12r hut om f ensht'r g'hukt we ich, 
 Den kram'r uft arblikt for sich 
 
 Un don sei bild obg'shtola. 
 
 So shtel ich mer d's ding ols for 
 Un 's pishp'rt ep'r mer in's or, 
 
 "So hut 'rs leicht doo kena." 
 Bis dos ich don wos 'bes'r fin. 
 Gat m'r de nosh'n net fum sin, 
 
 Ich lus m'rs gawr net nema. 
 
 Duch is m'r sei aw ewafel, 
 Ich hob 'n on'r ding im zel 
 
 D'r kram'r is 'n shpig'l. 
 *N yad'r mensh d'r hat sei losht, 
 Se henkt 'm uf m buk'l f osht, 
 
 Yaw we mit bech un seg'l. 
 
 And in the castle his colors mix, 
 To paint the peddler's image ? 
 He sat at the window just like I, 
 And saw the peddler passing by, 
 And then stole his picture. 
 
 So I imagine the thing to be 
 And some one whispered it to me, 
 "So he could have done it," 
 Until I something better find. 
 The notion does not leave my mind, 
 No one can take it from me. 
 
 Yet that is not much to me, 
 I have another thing in view- 
 The peddler is a type. 
 For every man his trouble has, 
 And upon his back hangs fast, 
 Just as with wax and seal. 
 
 *N yad'r is aw uf d'e reis, 
 Gat we d'r kram'r in seim kreis 
 M'r reisa ol mit non'r. 
 
 Each one is upon his journey, 
 Goes like the peddler in his course 
 We journey all together. 
 Un 's mawg nou krum sei od'r grawd, And crooked it may be or straight, 
 'S 'end is ne net bis im grawb, The end is not till in the grave, 
 
 Dort is arsht de roo-kom'r. There only is the chamber of rest. 
 
 Dort folt amol d'r bund'l ob, 
 So we d'm Christian in d'r shtot, 
 
 "Yeruselem" ward se g'hasa. 
 Dort hen mer kram'r ousf arkawft, 
 War dort nuf we 'n traw'ler lawft, 
 
 Fawrt don, sei kon m'r lasa. 
 
 Won don fel yuda-kram'r sin, 
 Un bsheisa an'r garn : Ich fin* 
 
 D'r Chrisht is aw 'n kram'r. 
 Tusht ar dalt ols mit goot'r wawr 
 'Ar hut kredit, sei geld is bawr, 
 
 Beim Israwalet un Ham' r. 
 
 At last there falls the bundle down, 
 Just like Christian's in the town, 
 "Jerusalem" we call it. 
 Then we peddlers have sold out, 
 Who up there like a traveler walto^ 
 Drives then, so we read it. 
 
 If then Jew peddlers many be, 
 And gladly cheat some one : I see 
 A Christian is a peddler too. 
 But he deals as with good wares 
 Credit he has, his money will pass^ 
 With Israelite and Koman. 
 
 SEES OOR. 
 
 (Fum Tubeias Witmer.) 
 
 Nou shlawgt de oor seks yets bos 'mol uf, 
 Wos kuma de boowa de shtrosa do ruf 
 'Ols we de soldawta fum hitsiga shtreit 
 'S dawgwerk is fertig we 'n yad'r sich freiL 
 
 De g'sicht'r sin shmutsich un drekich de bend, 
 'N mouch'r is sh worts, dos m'r 'n eher nima kent. 
 
 141 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'Ow'r 's harts is recht arlich, 's g'wisl is weia, 
 'N yad'r is shtults uf sei axlichd tleis. 
 
 De fraw doot shun lechla, de der in d'r hond, 
 'S esa is f ertich, 's is olas ira shtund, 
 De klana doon hoopsa, for loud'r plesir, 
 Un kissa d'r dawdi shun hous for d'r der. 
 
 Yets bar mit d'r saf, un 's wos'r recht wawrm, 
 'S weist sich guns on'ra hout uf m orm, 
 'S hem is gebig'lt, 's gukt oles gons nei, 
 Un yets kumt f ergnega, de harts' r sin trei. 
 
 D'r him'l woont do in d'm heisli uf ard ; 
 'S weibli is fleisich, un ar is se wart ; 
 De kin'r sin brawf, un se gaa in de shool, 
 'S is oles in ordning, 's shoft oles bei rool. 
 
 Mit musik un zeiting un 's owet-gabat, 
 Mecht ich amol wissa, wos 'ma dos m'r wet, 
 For de zeit zu f'rtreiba, mit kin'r d'ham 
 "***: 'ma wil we des, d'r douert yo 'am. 
 
 Yets shlawgt's wid'r seks 'r mocht sici do rous, 
 Un glei is "n wusliches lewa im hous ; 
 Un eb dos de peif uf'm shop druna brilt, 
 Hut 'r shun sei kofe, un 's kerbli is g'tiit. 
 
 Do kuma se wid'r 'n klani orma 
 Se lawf a so leiwli ich gleich se zu saa. 
 'N yad'r f 'rshtat wos sei arwet sul sei, 
 'R hut glei sei blots un shikt sich aw nei. 
 
 Yets shnort amol 's rawd, un de shtern-peif brilt lout, 
 Un oles bawagt sich mit fleis yusht about, 
 D'r blos-bolk heilt, un d'r dvabunk d'r shnort, 
 'N yad'r is bisi nou shoft net zu hurt. 
 
 142 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 SIX O'CLOCK. 
 
 Now the clock strikes six attention give, 
 
 How the boys are coming up the street, 
 
 Just as the soldiers from a hot battle 
 
 The day's work is ended .hour each one rejoices. 
 
 The faces are greasy and the hands are dirty, 
 Many are black, that we hardly know them, 
 But the heart is right hones 4 , conscience is white, 
 And each one is proud of hi* honest industry. 
 
 
 
 The wife smiles already, holds the door with her hand, 
 Breakfast is ready, everything well prepared, 
 The children are jumping because full of joy, 
 And kiss their father, outside of the door. 
 
 Now here with the soap and the water right warm, 
 Entirely different skin is shown on the arm, 
 The shirt is ironed and all things look new, 
 And now comes content, the hearts are all true. 
 
 Heaven lives here in this house upon earth ; 
 The wife is industrious and honor is worth ; 
 The children obedient, they go to school, 
 All things are in order and work according to rule. 
 
 With music and paper and tbe evening prayer, 
 I should like to know for what more you could wish, 
 To pass the time by, with children at home 
 Whoever wan'ts more is pitiable alone. 
 
 * 
 
 Now it strikes six again he gets out of bed, 
 And soon there is a busy life in the house ; 
 And ere the whistle down on the shop blows, 
 He has his coffee, and his basket is filled. 
 
 Here they come again a small army 
 They walk so lively I like to see them. 
 Each one understands what his labor shall be, 
 He soon has his place and suits himself to it. 
 
 Now the wheel hums and the steam-whistle blows loud, 
 And everything moves about with industry, 
 The bellows are creaking and the turning lathe too, 
 Each one is busy don't work too hard. 
 
 143 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 BONGS. 
 
 8 FAWRA IN D'R TRAN. 
 
 RIDING ON THE TRAOK, 
 
 Fum Hons Chrishtion. 
 Beim M. C. Henninger, Ex-Senator, fun Lechaw. 
 
 Sung to the tune of "MICHAEL SCHNEIDER'S PARTY.' 
 
 'S is oles hendich eigcricht 
 
 In tins' ra goota zeit, 
 'S brouch sich nemond bloga ma, 
 
 'Unles 'r is net g'sheit. 
 D'r shtem doot oles for de leit, 
 
 Sel is yusht wos ich man ; 
 Un won m' r argets he wil ga, 
 
 Don fawrt m'r in d'r tran. 
 
 *S wawr net so goot in olt'r zeit, 
 
 Sel was ich f orna nous : 
 Des mocht f 'leicht dal olta bas, 
 
 Duch sawg ich's frei harous. 
 Be sin geluf a ol d'r wag 
 
 Fun finf bis fufzich meil, 
 'N pawr, de epes reich'r wawr'n, 
 
 Sin gonga uf da geil. 
 
 So wawr d'r shteil in olt'r zeit, 
 
 'S lawf a wawr ka shond ; 
 Wos is m'r ols dohe gadrult, 
 
 Sel is eich goot bakont. 
 'S is nima so in unsra zeit, 
 
 'S fawrt yad'r won 'r kon, 
 Un war gawr nimi lawf a dut, 
 
 Dar is d'r chend'lmon. 
 
 Nou 
 
 Everything is very handy fixed 
 
 In the present good times, 
 No one need exert himself, 
 
 Unless he is insane. 
 Steam does everything for the peopld, 
 
 That is just what 1 mean ; 
 And when we want to go some place, 
 
 We then ride in the train. . 
 
 'Twas not so good in olden time, 
 
 That I am well aware of; 
 Perhaps it makes the old ones cross, 
 
 But I say it without hesitation. 
 They used to walk all the way 
 
 From five to fifty miles, 
 A few, who were somewhat richer, 
 
 Went upon horseback. 
 
 This was the style in olden times, 
 
 Walking was no disgrace ; 
 How we used to trot along, 
 
 That is understood by you. 
 This is no more in our time, 
 
 Each one rides when he can, 
 And he who does not walk at all, 
 
 Is the gentleman. 
 
 fawrt m'r mit d'r inshein- Now 
 
 kawrs ; 
 
 Des is 'n eis'n'r goul, 
 Dar shnouft un hechst we on'r fe, 
 Duch sicht m'r gawr ka moul ; 
 
 we travel by engine and 
 cars; 
 
 This is an iron horse, 
 He breathes & pants like other beast% 
 But we don't see any mouth ; 
 
 Dar ward net med un won 'r shpringt He don't get tired, and if he runs 
 
 144 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'N hun'rt dons'nd meil ; 
 Do hut 'r shoor d'r 1'orzug weit 
 Fur 51 de on'ra geil. 
 
 De tran is im'r zimlich f ul 
 
 Mit o!a sorta leit, 
 *K dal se sin gawr heslich dum, 
 
 Un on'ra sin zu gsheid. 
 'S hut ufgebutsta client' 1-leit. 
 
 Dal shwurza un dal weis, 
 Un ladis fun d'r rechta sort 
 
 Wos sin se duch so neis. 
 
 Do sitst 'n ritsk'l in dem sits, 
 
 Un diirt 'n goot'r chrisht; 
 Glei kumt so 'ri dunii wun'rnaws 
 
 Un frogt dich war doo bisht. 
 'N frotshons sitst in sel'ni shtool, 
 
 Sei tiket uf ' m hoot, 
 'R mant 'r war 's gons ol'a, 
 
 Wos felt 'r duch so goot. 
 
 'N pora sitst net weit aweg, 
 
 D'r mocht 'n longes g'sicht, 
 Un driwa is so 'n rot'r karl, 
 
 Dar gukt 6s we 'n licht, 
 Un weit'r drons is nuch 'n pawr, 
 
 Uf ereni huch/ich-tT'ip 
 Se bleiwa net so, orich long, 
 
 Des wet ich aw 'n fip. 
 
 Do sitst' n weibsmensh mit er' m kind, 
 '8 kreisht am dul un dawb. 
 
 A hundred thousand miles; 
 He surely has the advantage 
 Of all other horses. 
 
 The train is always pretty full 
 
 Of all kinds of people, 
 Some are very ignorant, 
 
 And others are too wise. 
 There are dressed up gentlemen, 
 
 Some black and some white, 
 And the right kind of ladies 
 
 Oh, how nice they are. 
 
 Here sits a rascal in this seat, 
 
 And there a good Christian ; 
 Soon an ignorant inquisitive person 
 comes 
 
 And asks who you are. 
 A dude sits on that seat, 
 
 His ticket on his hat, 
 He thinks he is it all alone, 
 
 And how good he feels. 
 
 A preacher sits not far away, 
 
 He makes a long face. 
 And yonder is a red-headed fellow, 
 
 He looks like a light. 
 And further on is a couple 
 
 Upon their wedding trip, 
 They won't stay so very long, 
 
 I'll bet a six-pence 
 
 Here sits a woman with a child. 
 It bawls us dull and deaf. 
 
 9a 
 
 145 
 
* PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 De kawrs gat markiwardig shtork, The train goes wonderfully fast, 
 Wos rast des duch d'r shtawb. How it raises the dust. 
 
 M'r ward f ardrekt fun kup zu foos, You'll get dirty from head to foot 
 Mit kola-sh un shmok ; With ahes and witli smoke ; 
 
 Duch ol des nenat m'r gnadich 'aw Yet all this we take good naturedly 
 Fr'n zimlich gootar chok. For a pretty good joke. 
 
 De kars dunert durch barg un dawl, The cars thunder through hill & dale 
 'En lewi longi shdtun, A live long hour, 
 
 Un won se dorch 'n tunel gat, And when it goes through a tunnel 
 
 D'no sicht m'r gor ka sun. 
 
 M'r mus aw im'r engstich sei, 
 Se shpringt ob fun der 'baw 
 
 'Od'r treft f'leicht 'n rinshtikfe, 
 
 Wos gebt 's don d'no. 
 
 We don't see any sun, 
 And must be in fear, 
 
 That they jump off the track, 
 Or hit, perhaps an old cow, 
 
 What happens then ? 
 
 D'no gebt's 'n wesht'r aksident 
 
 'S is oles gons f 'rkart, 
 De weibsleit wara oinechtich, 
 
 De monsleit sin f 'rshtart, 
 D'r inshiner blost mard'rlicli, 
 
 De inshein gat druf los, 
 Nou shpringt se wed'r'n olta koo 
 
 Wos gebt'ra dos 'n shtos. 
 
 Then a bad accident takes place, 
 
 Everything is all excitement, 
 The women faint away, 
 
 The men are in terror, 
 The engineer whistles frightfully ; 
 
 The engine rushes on, 
 Now it, runs against an old cow 
 
 What a shock it gives her. 
 
 So 'n shtos d'r is m'r net g'want, 
 
 'R mocht 'm dawb un shtuni, 
 'N dal de shlawga bortsl'bawm, 
 
 Un kuma net recht rum, 
 Un onera shtan uf hond un fes 
 
 Se holta f esht om flor 
 x En yader winsht, er war daham, 
 
 Ous dara grosa g'for. 
 
 Such, a shock we are not used to, 
 
 It makes us deaf and dumb ; 
 Some take a somersault, 
 
 And don't get quite around, 
 Others stand on hands and feet 
 
 And hold fast to the noor, 
 Each one wishes he was at home, 
 
 Out of this great danger. 
 
 So gat des fawra uf der trnn, 
 
 Ich has es orich sha, 
 M'r grikt kSn kupwa fun der hits, 
 
 Un aw ka' shteif a ba, 
 M'r kawft sei tiket f orna nous 
 
 D'no is mer ol 0. K. 
 Un wons' hast "Tickets if 
 please," 
 
 Don racht m'r 'n ewa 'he. 
 
 Thus goes riding on the train, 
 
 I call it very nice, 
 You get no headache from the heat, 
 
 And neither stiff legs. 
 You buy your ticket in advance 
 
 Then you are 0. K. 
 you And when they say, "Tickets, if you 
 
 please," 
 Then you just hand one over. 
 
 146 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 WE ICH >N CHAP WAWR. WHEN I WAS A LAD. 
 
 Behn " Woody Newhard,'.' we ar 's ols singt. 
 Tke "Sir Joseph Song" in the opera Pinafore. 
 
 We ich 'n chap un 'n pre'ntis wawr,|When I was a lad and an apprentice 
 Hawb ich obg'wawrt for 'n lawyers I used to work for two lawyers ; 
 
 I cleaned off the table and washed 
 
 the spittoons, 
 And no one can think how dirty 
 
 they were. 
 
 The dirty work had no end, 
 So that I rebelled by and by. 
 
 pawr ; 
 Ich hawb d'r dish ufg'romd un de 
 
 shbonboxa g'butst, 
 U t die, ken'rdenka wawrn orrik 
 
 f'rshmutst 
 
 Die butz'rei wawr grensalos. 
 Do? ich g' rebell'd hawb noch un 
 
 noch, 
 
 Ols ? in hendich'r chap hawb ich mich I showed myself as a handy chap, 
 
 g'wissa, | And my bosses liked me very well, 
 
 Un'meibossahen mich orrikg'glichail did my work nicely and well, 
 Idi hawb ol mei arwet sha un shlik In fact, I made myself useful in 
 
 g'shoft ; 
 1* ISct, ich hawb mich gen'rally 
 
 useful g'mocht. 
 Ich wawr so useful ?u d'm lawyers 
 
 pairr 
 
 general, 
 
 I was such a benefit to the two law* 
 yers 
 
 147 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 DOB B\Q mich promot hen im arshta^That the v promoted me the first 
 
 yor. 'year. 
 
 Die shreiw'rei fun deeds un zett'l ^ JThe writing of deeds and letters 
 Hen mich prominent g'mOcht im Made me prominent in the whole 
 
 gunsa shded'l. city, 
 
 Mei success is kumma so shdorik un Success came (o me so fust and soon, 
 
 g'shwint, ^ [And the lawyers were sorry that 
 
 Un die lawyer wawr'n sorry dos siei hired me, 
 
 hen m'ch g'dinkt: |So they bounced me, I'll tell you 
 
 Sie hen mich g'bounc'djdes sawgichj soon. 
 
 slmell, 
 No liawb ich g'deukt: 
 de h-11." 
 
 'r ga'n in 
 
 And then I thought, "you go to 
 h-ll." 
 
 Ich hawb nous g'shdart f r mwhjThen I started out for myself, 
 
 salwerl no, 'And I dressed myself up, it was 9 
 
 Un icii hawb mich ui g'du 's wawr'n show. 
 
 show, j Dappled pants and a high hat, , 
 
 Shukicha huRsa un 'n hoch'r hut |I looked just like a Bet hlehem dude. 
 Ich hawb graw'd g'gukt we 'u Bed-JMy education wasn't quite up to my 
 
 hi hern "dude." clothes 
 
 Mei laming wawr net guns uf zu And then I ran for Congress. 
 
 mi'im dress, 
 No bin ich g'luffa fr in d'r Congress. 
 
 Im Congress hawb ich so fel geld j ln Congress I made so much monej 
 
 g'rnocht 'That they put me on the retired 
 
 Dos sie mi :h uf die "retir'd list" heni list, 
 
 g'sholt. 
 Ich wawr net zufritta mit mein'm But then I was'nt satisfied with mj 
 
 ompt, office, 
 
 D'no bin ich grawd nous nuch Eng-;So I went straight to England. 
 
 lond. (Where Johnny Bull caught on to me 
 
 D'r Johnny Bull hut mich ufg'fonga And appointed me to run his ship. 
 Un hut mich appoint des shiff zu 
 
 Nou fum shbouboxa butsa in a law- 
 yer firm 
 Bin ich ad vane' d in an'm term. 
 
 Now from spittoon cleaning, into a 
 
 lawyer's firm, 
 I was advanced in one term. 
 
 Go it prettj 
 
 hi d'm lond do hasa ses : "go it i In this land it is: 
 
 pn-tty quick, quick, 
 
 And when you have a place don' t And when you have a place don't 
 
 too long stick." too long stick." 
 
 So nem mei advice uukum in deroi So take my advice and come in th 
 No moch'n 'r ol geld so long wie ranks 
 
 hoi. -And you will make money like haj. 
 
 148 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'M SHDED'L MON SEI WUNSH. 
 
 THE CITY MAN'S WISH, 
 
 Ufg'sets fun Shdudent Kopeabaver. 
 
 Sung to *.he tune of "MICHAEL SCHNEIDER'S PARTY." 
 
 Ich wut dos ich 'n bou'r war, 
 Un hei 'n bouarei ; 
 Ilet irrene <jeil un gale ke 
 Un shwortsa, nager sei. 
 Ich wut ich hei 'n bouarei 
 'On Tulpenhot ken grick, 
 Don <lat ich kefer shesa ga, 
 1m se"sgnuubera shdik. 
 
 I wish I were a farmer 
 
 And had a farm ; 
 
 Had gr;en horses and yellow cows, 
 
 And niggar b ac < he gs. 
 
 1 wish i had a farm 
 
 At Tulpenhocken Creek, 
 
 Then I would go and shoot bugs 
 
 lu the sweet potato patch. 
 
 De rauwa uf de wadsa bam, The caterpillars on the wheat trees, 
 
 D'r horich hinkel-flo. The hairy chicken tiea. 
 
 D'r grout w5rm on 'd hikarnis, The cabbage worms at the hickory- 
 De U'is om parching shdro, nuts, 
 
 Dos shdiift mist ol ous drav'la ga, The lice at the peach straw. 
 Won ich 'n bou'r war. These pests all would have to travel 
 
 Mit paiis gren un pulw'r-bix, If 1 a farmer were, 
 
 Do giukt ich iwar se har. With paris green and shot gun 
 
 Would 1 get after them. 
 
 A new fashion I'll begin, 
 The hay I'll make in winter; 
 When it's hot I stay out of the sun 
 And eat the cherry pies. 
 I'll get a white "smear case" cow, 
 A yard full of guinea hen geese, 
 A mighty high red beet tree, 
 Arid a patent-leather fence. 
 
 The chickens I'll keep in the kitchen, 
 The pig-pen before the door ; 
 I'll get coat and pants of calico 
 AD J collars made of paper. 
 
 Ich fonor ' n n eii fTishun aw, 
 
 1m wiml'r moch ich's hoi, 
 
 Won's has is blei''> ich ous d'r sun 
 
 Un es de karsha bi. 
 
 Ich g ick m'r'n shmerkas koo 
 
 'N hot'.'i fal ginigens, 
 
 'N mechtich rmrewa, bawm, 
 
 Un padent-ledart'eiis. 
 
 Pe hinkel h51t ich in d'r kich, 
 D'r seishdol for d'r der, 
 (Jrii'k ruk un hu^a ton kords 
 Un kolers fOn bober 
 
 149 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 *N brinsl broun'r mooly bull A brindle brown mooly bull 
 
 Mus in d'r sheiar hof ; Must be in the barnyard, 
 
 Alpaca hinkel, bordsart hunt Alpaca chickens, bobtail dogs, 
 
 Un kochin shanghei shof. And cochin shanghai sheep. 
 
 Ich bou uf mein'r bouarei 
 
 'N rotes shweitzser hous ; 
 
 Ich moch mei gonsar gorda rum 
 
 Un sa'n mit wolnis nous. 
 
 'Och won ich duch 'n bou'r war 
 
 Un het 'n bouarei, 
 
 Un het 'n grosa dikefraw 
 
 Don wet ich bou'r sei. 
 
 Ich kawf mVn grosa bouarei 
 Dot drunii on d r r shdod, 
 Un such m'r'n grosa deitsha fraw- 
 De hut aw fel farshdond, 
 Se bint ken blech in era hor 
 Un kumt net so gros ruus. 
 Un won se aw 'n bis'l dut, 
 Don mocht's yo gawr niks ous. 
 
 I'll build upon my farm 
 A red sweitzer house ; 
 I'll plow my garden 
 And sow it full of walnuts. 
 Oh ! 1 wish I were a faraie? 
 And had a farm, 
 And had a large, stout wife- 
 Then I would like to be a farmer. 
 
 I' 11 buy a large farm 
 Not very far from town, 
 And get myself a large dutch wife-* 
 One that will have much sense. 
 She ties no tin into her hair, 
 And won't go about so high 
 And if she would a little, 
 It would not matter at all. 
 
 FUN ON'RJUSICHAR, &c. 
 
 SELECTIONS FROM DIFFERENT All* 
 
 THORS, MAINTAINING THEIR 
 
 STYLE OF SPELLINGS 
 
 From " Drauss un Deheem," by Charles Calvin Ziegler, of Broak 
 Valley, Pa. 
 
 SAMSCHDAAG OWET. 
 
 Die letscht Load Heu ! Now, Boys, hooray 
 Fahrt in die Scheier un iosst sie schteh 
 
 1C 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Bis Muundaag marrige frill. Wahrhaft ! 
 Den Owet ward ken Schtreech men' g'schaSl: 
 
 'S is Samschdaag. 
 Waesch die Fiiss am Wasserdroog ; 
 Black die Schtiffel (verflammti Bloog! 
 Mei Krashaag dhut m ! r widder weh 
 Die Schtiffel sin m'r ganz zu klee 
 
 0, Elend ! ) 
 
 Well, Schtiffel odder net ich muss 
 In 's Schtsedtel zu de scheene Suss ; 
 Die letscht Wock hen mar 's ausgemacht 
 Ich set sie sehne Samschdaagnacht 
 
 Den Owet. 
 
 Die annere Maed un ihre Beaus 
 Schpaziere uf un ab die Schtrooss ; 
 Die same Zeit caressire ich 
 Mei Madel hiune in de Rich 
 
 Gedichtig. 
 
 Die Suss hot alles ei'gericht: 
 Die Uhr schteht schtill, mar hen ken Licht ; 
 Die Alte sin in ihrem Nescht 
 'S is uns net bang sie schlofe fescht 
 
 Un schnarrickse. 
 
 Die Tlhr schteht schtill awwer net die Zeit 
 Is es now marrige odder heit ? 
 Es macht nix aus so ganz allee 
 Lieblich umarmt. Ach! muss ich geh? 
 
 'S is Sunndaag! 
 
 SATURDAY EVENING. 
 
 The last load hay ! Now, boys, hurrah ! 
 
 Drive in the barn and let it stand 
 
 Till Monday morning'early. Indeed! 
 
 This evening nothing more will be done : 
 It is Saturday. 
 
 Wash the feet at the wateringtrough; 
 
 Black the boots accursed bother 1 
 
 My corn hurts me again 
 
 My boots are entirely too small 
 Oh, misery ! 
 
 Well, boots or not I must go 
 
 In town to pretty Sue ! 
 
 Last week we fixed the time 
 
 That I should see her on Saturday night- 
 This evening. 
 
 The other girls and their beaux 
 
 Promenade the streets ; 
 
 The same time I court 
 
 My girl in the kitchen 
 Thoroughly 
 
 151 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Sue has prepared everything : 
 
 The clock has stopped, we have no light ; 
 
 The old folks are in their bed 
 
 We are not afraid they sleep soundly 
 
 And snore. 
 
 The clock has stopped but the time has not ; 
 Is it now tomorrow or today ? 
 It doesn't matter all alone, 
 Sweetly encircled. Ah, must I go? 
 
 It is Sunday. 
 
 DIE ALT A LIEDER 
 
 0, sing mar doch die alte Lieder. 
 Die ich so lieb hab, noch emol ; 
 Sie fliesse darch Gemiith un Glieder 
 So heilig un so sabbathvoll ! 
 
 O 
 
 w 
 p 
 6 
 
 w 
 5 
 
 H 
 
 ^ 
 
 g 
 I 
 a 
 
 CH hj 
 
 w 5 
 
 S 
 
 S fd 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Dar Choir, daer scheint mar juscht ze blaire? 
 Ken Sunndaag kann nier hcilig sei 
 Wann net gemeindlich g'sunge wurre 
 Parr vun de alte Melodei. 
 
 * * 
 
 K- 
 
 Mei Kindheits Karrich is abgerisse,, 
 
 Die alte Schtimme sin verhallt, 
 
 Doch darrh nu'i Seel nocb irunier fliesse 
 
 Die liewe Lieder nie net alt ! 
 
 Scbtimmt ei', ilir Schweschtere un ilir Brir*0f 
 
 En alter Sunndaag noch e'mol! 
 
 Un singt die gute alte Lieder 
 
 So lieilig un so sabbathvoll ! 
 
 THE OLD HYMNS. 
 
 Oh, sing me again the old liymns 
 
 Which are so dear to me. 
 
 They flow through the s.jul nnd body 
 
 So holy and so Sabbath full 
 
 Methinks the c'toiv i* just yelling them, 
 
 No Sunday can be holy to me 
 
 If the congregation do* s not sing. 
 
 A few of the old melodies. 
 
 * * 
 
 * 
 
 My childhood's church is torn away 
 The old voices have died away 
 But through my soul always do flow 
 The dear hymns never old ! 
 Join in, ye brothers and sisters, 
 An old Sunday once again, 
 And sing the good old hymns 
 So holy and so Sabbathfull. 
 
 From "Dutch Hand Book" by (Pit Schweffelbrenner) E. H. Rauck, 
 of Mauch Chunk, Pa. 
 
 FROM HAMLET. 
 
 ACT I. Sl'ENK V. RK-ENTEK GHOST AND HAMLET. 
 
 HAM. \Vo wid mich onna neuuma? Shtwetz, ich gas nimmy welder. 
 
 GHOST. Now mind mich: 
 
 H. Teh will. 
 
 G. My shtoond is sheer gor cooma 
 
 Os ich tzurick mus, in de shweftel's flomma, 
 
 Muss ich mich widder uf gevva. 
 H. Oh! du orinas shpook! 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 , Pity mich net, awer geb mer now di ora, 
 t For ich will der aniohl ebbas sawga. 
 H. Shwetz rous, for ich will 's now aw hara. 
 O. Un wann du 's haresht don nernsht aw satisfaction. 
 H. Well, wass is 's? Rous niit! 
 Q. Ich bin dcirn dawdy si shpook; 
 
 G' sentenced for a tzeit long rumm lawfa naxichts, 
 
 Un im dawg fesht shtecka iin fire, 
 
 Bis de shlechty saucha us ich gadu hob in meina noddoor's dawga, 
 
 Ous gabrenn'd un ous g'loxeerd sin. , 
 
 Awer, ich darraf der now net sawga 
 
 Wass de secrets fun meim g'fengniss sin. 
 
 Ich kent der ' n shtory derfu fertzaila, 
 
 So os 's garingshta wardt 
 
 Deer di sale uf reisa dait ; di yoong's bloot kalt freera; 
 
 Die tzwae awga ous 'm kup roug gooka mauclia we fireiche shtarna, 
 
 Un di hohr uf'm kup grawd nuf shtella, 
 
 We dicky, shteify si-barshta. 
 
 Awer ich darraf s net du 
 
 Os ich 's sawg tzu ora fun flaish un bloot. 
 
 Un now, hurrich ! hurrich ! 
 
 Wann dn yeamohls ebbas fun deitu dawdy gadenkt husht 1 
 H. Oh, Himmel ! 
 
 O. Un now nem aw satisfaction for si mord. 
 H. Du sawgsht doch net mord ! 
 o. Yo, ich sawgs, un 's arricksht is, 'n weeshter, unnodderlichei 
 
 mord 
 H. Well don, rous mit, luss mich now olles wissa,, 
 
 Un ferluss dic-h druf os ich aw satisfaction nem. 
 O. Ich ste du bisht ready, 
 
 Un wann du's derbei lussa daitsht 
 
 Waersht net maner wtert os ferfowlts unkraut. 
 
 Now Hamlet, horrich wass ich der sawg ; 
 
 Es war ous gevva os ich g'shlofa het in meim bomgorda. 
 
 Un os 'n shlong on mich gacroddled waer, 
 
 Un het mich dote gabissa. 
 
 Sell war de shtory im gonsa lend, 
 
 Awer de very shlong os di dawdy dote gabissa hut, 
 
 Trawgt ollaweil deim dawdy si crone uf 'm kup ! 
 H. Oh, by meiner sale demnoch war 's my Uncle! 
 G. Yaw, 's war der weesht ketzer 
 
 An dreckicher un falsher dihenker, 
 
 Hut sich d'no aw gamaucht by meiner fraw di eagny mommy, 
 
 Un hut se g' hired un t/.u sich g'noorna. 
 ^ Awer du de mornmy net blama 
 
 Luss se mit fridda se is evva doch di mommy 
 
 Awer ich con nimmy lenger bleiva 
 
 De naucht is sbeer om end, un dawges licht is om cooma, 
 
 Un ich muss ob, un tzurick, tzurick ! 
 
 Yusht noch ea wardt maner : 
 
 We ich sellamohls dort g'shlofa hob 
 
 'S war so about midda im nummidawg 
 
 354 
 
PENNSLYVANU GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 "ICH BIX DEI DAWDY SI SHPCOK", 
 "I AM YOUR FATHER'S GHOST". 
 
 155 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 la my eagner bruder di uncle 
 On mich nuf g' shneekad cooma 
 
 Un hut 'n gons buttly ful gift ous g'lared in my ore, 
 Un sell hut mich obg' fixed, un ich bin aw grawd druf g'shnopt, 
 Un mit all meina sinda nous g' shtept in de onner welt 
 Unprepared un unbakared ! 
 Now mind, du moosht satisfaction nemma, 
 So farry well. Fergess mich net. 
 Farry well, farry welll [Exit Ghost.] 
 ;. Awer now wil ich aw de shwarnote krega 
 Wann ich net aw satisfaction nem, 
 Un now doh gaits. Hole mich der shinner, 
 
 Wann 's net desmohl 'n gons g' wilt rich grosser rumpus gebt doh 
 ahteddle I 
 
 THE LAWYER. 
 
 Lawyer. Well, luss mich sana, ich glawb du bisht der Mr. Mack? 
 Lawyer. Well sir let me see, Mr. Mack, I believe? 
 
 Client. Yaw, Mack i.^ my nawma. 
 Client. Yes, Mack is my name. 
 
/ PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 L. Du wohnsht druvva in der valley, net so? 
 L. You reside up in the valley I believe ? 
 
 C. Yaw, dort hob ich shun sheer tzain yohr g'wohnt, un ich bin 
 heit yoosht rooner cooma for tzu sana weaga a wennich bisness. 
 C. Yes, I have lived there for now nearly ten years, and I just came 
 down to-day to see you about some business. 
 
 L. Well, Mr. Mack, was is de noddoor fun der bisness ? 
 L. Well, Mr. Mack, what is the nature of the business? 
 
 C. Ei es is weaga meim shweega fodder siner eshtate settla. ' 
 
 C. Why it is about settling up my father-in-law's estate. 
 
 L. Wann is ar g'shtorwa? 
 L. When did he die? 
 
 C. De woch for der letsht is ar g'shtorwa. 
 C. He died week before last. 
 
 L. Hut ar feel property hinnerlussa? 
 L. Leave much property ? 
 
 C. Well yaw, ar hut si baueri, un bender, un notes un aw aa 
 ordlich grosser shtock uf der baueri. 
 
 C. Well yes, he left his farm, and some bonds anU notes, and a good 
 deal of stock on the frrm. 
 
 L. Un waer will admini^htrah 
 L. And who is going to administer ? 
 
 C. Sell is evva weaga wass os ich dich sana will. 
 C, That's what I want you to see about. 
 
 x * 
 
 
 
 L. Well Mr. Mack, di beshter waig is im arshta plotz mer araohl 
 an retainer fun tzwonsich Jawler gewa, un sell gebr- mer d'no an 
 professional recht der my roat tzu gewa. 
 
 L. Well, Mr. Mack, your best way is in the first place to pay me a re- 
 tainer of twenty dollars, and that will enable me to act professionally in 
 the matter. 
 
 C. Retainer ! Luss molil sae, sell maincd denk ich, an lawyer's 
 fee? 
 C. Retainer! Let's see, that I suppose, means a lawyer's fe. 
 
 L. Exactly so. Es is der arsht insUihlment, os mer 't retainer 
 haisa for mich im case retaina, 
 
 L. Exactly so. Being only the first intalment we call it a retainer 
 to retain me. in the case. 
 
 C. Yaw, now fershtae ich 's. Well, doh sin de tzwonsich cLawler. 
 Now, wass naigsht? 
 
 C. Yes, now I understand. Well, here is twenty dollars. Now, 
 what next? 
 
 L. Well, fun ollem os du mer sawgsbt is my advice os du wHder 
 coomsht un bringsht der Sam, di shwoger, fer mitnonner consult* 
 un on de bisness }rue. 
 
 L. Well, from all you have told me, my advice is t.tmt you come again 
 nd bring Sam, your brother-in-law with you, aud tbea we'll consult 
 him auJ proceed to business. 
 
 157 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 From '-Harbaughs Harfe," by II. Hai-baugh, D. D. 
 
 DAS ALT SCHULHAUS AN DER KRICK. 
 
 Heit is 's 'exactly zwansig Jolir, 
 
 Dass ich bin owwe nans; 
 Nan bin ich widder lewig /'rick 
 Un schteb ;mi Schullhaus an d'r Krick, 
 
 Juscht neekschtan's Dady's Haus. 
 
 Ich bin in himnert Ileiser g'wefct, 
 
 Vun MilrbeM.ee' un Brick, 
 Un alles was sie hen, die Leit, 
 Dhet ich verschwappe eenig 7<'it 
 
 For's Schullhaus an der Krick. 
 
 Wer mied deheein is, un will fort, 
 
 So loss ihn nurnnie geh' - 
 Ich sag ihin awwer vorne nans 
 Es is all HuiirVik owwe draus, 
 
 Un er werd's selwert seh' ! 
 
 Ich bin draus rum in alle Eck', 
 
 M'r maclit's jo ewvve so; 
 Hab awwer noch in keener Schtadt 
 Uf e'mol so \iel Freed gehat 
 
 Wie in dern Schullmus do. 
 
 Wie heemel.t mich do alles a'! 
 
 Ich schteh, un denk, un guck ; 
 Un was ich .-clii >r vergesse hab, 
 Kumnit widder /'rick wie aus seirn Grab, 
 
 Un schteht do wie en Schpuck! 
 
 Des Krickle schpielt verbei wie's hot, 
 
 Wo ich noch g' schpielt hab dru,' ; 
 Un unner selle Hollerbish 
 Do schpiele noch die kleerie Fisch, 
 
 So schmart wie selli Zeit. 
 
 158 
 
/ENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Der Weisseech scliteht noch an der Dhier 
 
 Macht Schntte iwwer's Dach : 
 Pie Drauwerank is ah noch grie' 
 t'n's Amscliel-Nescht guk juscht mol hi' 
 
 was is dess en Sach ! 
 
 Die Schwalme schkippe iwwer's Feld, 
 
 Die vedderscht is die bescht ! 
 Un sehnscht du dort am Giebel^ok 
 'N Hans vun Schtopple uri vun breck? 
 
 Sell is en Schwalrrie-Nescht. 
 
 Die Junge leie allweil schtill, 
 
 Un schlofe alle fescht. 
 Ward bis die A He kriege Werm 
 No'd herseht du awwer gross Gelerni 
 
 Vun Meiler in dem Nesclit ! 
 
 Ja alles dess is noch wie's war 
 
 Wo ich noeh Avar en Bull ; 
 Doch anner Dings sin net meh so, 
 For alles dhut sich ennere do 
 
 Wie ich mich ennere dhu. 
 
 Ich schteh wie Ossian in seim Phal 
 
 Un seh in's Wolkeschpiel, 
 Bewegt mil Freed tin Trailer PPM ! 
 Die Dhrene kunirne wann ich lach ! 
 
 Kanscht denke wie ich fiehl. 
 
 Do bin ich gange in die Schul, 
 
 Wo ich noch war gans klee' ; 
 Dort war der Meescliter in seim Schtuhl, 
 Dor war sei' Wip, nn dort sei 1 Kuhl, 
 
 Ich kann's noch Alles seh'. 
 
 Die lange Desks rings an der Wand 
 
 Die gro.se ^'cliieler drum ; 
 Uf eener Seit die grose Mad, 
 Un dort die Buwe net so bleed 
 
 Guk, wie sie piepe rum ! 
 
 Der Meeschfer watsclit sie awwer scliarf, 
 
 Sie gewe besser acht : 
 Dort seller, wo lotietters schreibt 
 Un seller, wo sie Schpuchte tveibt, 
 
 Un seller Kerl wo lacht. 
 
 Die Grose un die Kloene all 
 
 Sin tinner eerier Kuhl ; 
 Un dess is juscht der reclite Weg: 
 Wer Ruhls verbrecht, der nemmt die Schlejr. 
 
 Odder verlosst die Schul. 
 
 Inwennig, um der Ofte rum 
 
 Hocke die kleene Tsehaps. 
 
 159 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Sie lerne artlich hart, versclitch, 
 Un wer net wees sei' A B C 
 Sei' Ohre kriege Rapps. 
 
 S'is hart zu hocke uf so Bonk 
 
 Die Fiess, die schteh'n net uf 
 En Mancher kriegt en weher Rick 
 In sellem Schulhaus an der Krick, 
 
 Un fiehlt garis krenklich druff. 
 
 Die arme Drep ! dort hocke se 
 
 In Misserie juscht denk ': 
 Es is kee' Wunner nernm mei Wort 
 Dass se so wenig lerne dort, 
 
 Uf selle hoche Benk. 
 
 Mit all was mer so sage kann, 
 
 War's doch en guti Schul ; 
 Du iinscht keen Meeschter so, geh, such 
 Der seifre kann darch's ganze Buch, 
 
 Un schkippt keen eeni Ruhl. 
 
 Bees war er! ja, dess muss ich g'schteh; 
 
 G' wippt hot er numme zu ; 
 Gar kreislich gute Ruhls gelehrt 
 Un wer Schleg kriegt hot, hen se g'heert, 
 
 Hot eppes letz gedhu' 
 
 Wann's Dinner war, un Schul war aus, 
 
 Nor' d hot mer gut gefiehlt ; 
 Dheel is 'n Balle-Gehm gelunge, 
 Dheel hen mitnanner Rehs g' sch prunge, 
 
 Un Dheel hen Sold'scher g'scbpielt. 
 
 Die grose Mad hen ausgekehrt 
 
 Die Buwe nausgeschtaabt ! 
 Zu helfe hen en Dheel pretend, 
 Der Meeschter hot sie naus gesendt: 
 
 Die Ruhls hen's net erlaabt 
 
 Die kleene Mad hen Ring geschpielt 
 
 Uf sellem Waasum da ; 
 Wann grose Mad sin in der Ring 
 'S is doch en wunnervolles Ding 
 
 Sin grose Buwe ah ! 
 
 Die Grose hen die Grose 'taggt, 
 
 Die Kleene all vermisst ! 
 Wie sin se g' sch prunge afc un uf, 
 Wer g'wunne hot, verloss dich druff, 
 
 Hot dichdiglich gekisst ! 
 
 Am Chrischdag war die rechte Zeit 
 
 Oh wann ich juscht dra' denk ! 
 Der Meeschter hen mer naus geschperrt, 
 
 160 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Die Dhier un Fenschter fescht gebarrt 
 "Nau, Meeschter, en Geschenkl" 
 
 Nor'd hot er awwer hart browirt, 
 
 Mit Fors zu kumme nei' ; 
 Tin mir hen, wie er hot gekloppt, 
 'N Schreiwes unne naus geschtoppt, 
 
 "Wann's seinscht, dann kanuscht du rei!*' 
 
 Nau hot der Meeschter raus gelanst, 
 
 Gar kreislich schiepisch 'gukt! 
 Eppel un Keschte un noch meh', 
 'S war juschtement in factrecht schee', 
 
 Mir hen's mit Luschte g'schlukt. 
 
 Oh wu sin nau die Schieler all, 
 
 Wo hawe do gelernt? 
 'N Dheel sin weit ewek gereest, 
 Vum Unglick uf un ab gedscheest, 
 
 Dheel hot der Dodt gearnt 1 
 
 Mei Herz schwellt mit Gedanke uf, 
 
 Bis ich schier gar verschtick ! 
 Kennt heile, 's dhut m'r nau so leed, 
 Un doch gebt's mir die greeschte Freed, 
 
 Dess Schulhaus an der Krick. 
 
 Gut bei ! alt Schulhaus Echo kreischt 
 
 Gut bei ! Gut bei ! zurick ; 
 Schulhaus ! Schulhaus ! muss ich geh*, 
 Un du schtehscht nor'd do all ailee'. 
 
 Du Schulhaus an der Krick ! 
 
 Oh horcht, ihr Leit, wu nooch mir lebt, 
 
 Ich schreib. eich noch des Schtick: 
 Ich warn eich, droh eich, gebt doch Acht, 
 Un nemmt uf immer gut enacht, 
 
 Des Scuhlhaus an der Krick ! 
 
 THE OLD SCHOOL-HOUSE AT THE CRKEK, 
 
 To-day it is just twenty years, 
 
 Since I began to roam ; 
 Now, safely baek, I stand once more, 
 Before the quaint old school-house door, 
 
 Close by my father' s home. 
 
 I've been in many houses since, 
 
 Of marble built, and brick ; 
 Though grander far, their aim they miss, 
 To lure my heart's old love from this 
 
 Old school-house at the creek. 
 
 Let those who dream of happier scenes, 
 
 Go forth those scenes to find ; 
 They'll learn what thousands have confessed, 
 
 
 10. 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 That with our home' our heart's true rest 
 Is ever left behind. 
 
 I've traveled long and traveled far, 
 
 Till weary, worn and sick ; 
 How j^fess all that I have found, 
 Compared with scenes to lie around 
 
 This school-house at the creek. 
 
 How home-like is this spot to me ! 
 
 I stand, and think, and gaze ! 
 The buried past unlocks its gravs, 
 While memory o'er my spirit waves 
 
 The wand of other days. 
 
 The little creek still idles by, 
 
 With bright and playful flow ; 
 And little fish still sport and glide, 
 Where yon low elder shades the tide, 
 
 As they did long ago. 
 
 The white-oak stands before the door, 
 
 And shades the roof at noon; 
 The grape-vine, too, is fresh and green ; 
 , The robin's nest ! Ah, hark ? I ween 
 
 That is the same 'old tune ! 
 
 The swallows skip across the mead 
 
 The foremost one is best ! 
 And, look ye at the gable there, 
 A house of stubble, mud, and hair 
 
 That is the swallow's nest ! 
 
 The young are very still just now 
 
 They all are sleeping sound ; , 
 Wait till the old with worms appear, 
 Then you the hungry cry shall hear 
 
 From mouths that lie around ! 
 
 These scenes are as they were of yore, 
 
 Though void of former glee ; 
 But I have changed ! From yonder brook 
 The boy's reflected rosy look, 
 
 No more smiles cut on me ! 
 
 I stand, like Ossian in his vale, 
 
 And watch the shadowy train ! 
 Now joy, now sadness me beguile, 
 And tears will course o'er every smile, 
 
 And bring their pleasing pain ! 
 
 'Twas here I first attended school, 
 
 When I was very small : 
 There was the Master on his stool, 
 There was his whip and there his rule - 
 
 I seem to see it all. 
 
 162 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATUBB 
 
 The long desks ranged along the walls, 
 With books and inkstands crowned ; 
 Here on this side the large girls sat, 
 And there the tricky boys on that 
 See ! how they peep around ! 
 
 The Master eyes them closely now, 
 
 They'd better have a care ; 
 The one that writes a billet-doux 
 The one that plays his antics, too 
 
 And that chap laughing there ! 
 
 For all the scholars, large and small, 
 
 Are under equal rule ; 
 Which is quite right whoever breaks 
 The Master's rules, a whipping takes, 
 
 Or leaves at once the school. 
 
 Around the cosy stove, in rows, 
 
 The little tribe appears ; 
 What hummings make those busy bees- 
 They better like their A, B, C's, 
 
 Than boxing at their ears ! 
 
 Those benches are by far too high 
 
 Their feet don't reach the floor ! 
 Full many a weary back gets sjck, 
 In that old school-house at the creek, 
 
 And feels most woeful sore ! 
 
 Poor innocents ! behold them sit, 
 
 In miseries and woes ! 
 It is no wonder, I declare, 
 If they should learn but little there, 
 
 On benches such as those ! 
 
 With all these drawbacks, that was still 
 
 A well conducted school ; 
 For Master such, iu vain you look, 
 Who cyphers through the Ains worth book, 
 
 And never skips a rule ! 
 
 That he was cross, I must confess : 
 He whipped us through and through ; 
 
 But still most wholesome rules observed ; 
 
 Who felt the rod, the rod deserved 
 According to his view ! 
 
 At noon-day, when the school left out, 
 
 We had of sport our fill ; 
 Some play the race, some houses wall, 
 Some love a stirring game of ball, 
 
 Some choose the soldier drill. 
 
 The large girls sweep ; the larger boys 
 What mischief they are at ! 
 
 163 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 They tease, they laugh, they hang about, 
 Until the Master turns them out 
 The rules were strict in that ! 
 
 The little girls, of "ring" most fond, 
 
 Their giggling circle drew ; 
 When larger girls joined in the ring 
 Now is it not a curious thing ? 
 The large boys did it too ! 
 
 The large ones always tagged the large 
 The small ones always missed ! 
 
 164 
 
PFJtfNSYLVANIA GEKAf AN LITERATURE 
 
 Then for the prize began the race ; 
 The one that's caught, has now to face 
 The music, and be kissed ! 
 
 OH Christmas brought a glorious time 
 
 Its mem'ry still is sweet ! 
 We barred the Master firmly out, 
 With bolts, and nails, and timbers stout 
 
 The blockade was complete ! 
 
 Then came the struggle fierce and long ! 
 
 The fvn was very fine ! 
 And whilst he thumped and pried about, 
 We thrust the terms of treaty out, 
 
 Demanding him to sign ! 
 
 The treaty signed the conflict o'er, 
 
 Once Master now were we ! 
 Then chestnuts, apples, and such store, 
 Were spread our joyous eyes before 
 
 We shared the feast with glee ! 
 
 Oh, where are no\* the school-mates, who 
 
 Here studied lon^ago? 
 Some scattered o'er the world's wid 
 
 waste I 
 By fortune hither, thit!\er chased ! 
 
 Some, in the church-yrd low ! 
 
 Good bye ! Old school-hou^j ! Echo sad, 
 "Goodbye! Goodbye!" replies; 
 
 I leave you yet a friendly tear ! 
 
 Fond mem'ry bids me drop it here, 
 'Mid scenes that gave it rise ! 
 
 Ye, who shall live when I am dead 
 
 Write down my wishes quick 
 Protect it, love it, let it stand, 
 A way-mark in this changing land- 
 That school-house at the creek. 
 
 165 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 From ^Die Alte Zeite" by H. L. Fischer, Esq 
 
 DIE ALTE ZEITE. 
 
 Ich wees noch fon d'r alte Schissel 
 
 G'macht fon lauter Zinn, 
 Recbt mittes ul'm grosse Disch, 
 Uii g'hauftig foll'n ganser Wiscfi 
 
 Wars denkscht du nau war drin? 
 Ebmohls war's Sauerkraut un Schpeck, 
 Un ebmohls war's a'h Schnitz un Knep. 
 
 Ich wees noch fon de' alte Deller, 
 
 Ich meen ich seen sie do ; 
 M'r hen'n alter Eck-Schank g'hat, 
 Foil Dische g'scherr. fon alte Sort, 
 
 Foil Bilder, Himmil's-blo; 
 Ich kan sie nimmermehr f rgesse 
 Die Bilder un des herrlich Esse. 
 
 Mit Messer un Gawel hen m'r gesse, 
 
 Juscht Mosch un Sup doch net ; 
 En jeder hot sei Leftel g'hat, 
 Un hot sich gesse dick un satt ; 
 
 Bis er war dick un fett ; 
 Ebmohls war Sup un Mosch so'hees, 
 Es war ken wunner war m'r baes. 
 
 D'r Fater hot am Disch gebeet, 
 
 Nord ware m'r all schtill ; 
 D'r Dchek hot schier net warte kenne 
 Hot muesse's Maul mit Mosch ferbrenne, 
 
 Schunscht grigt er fleicht ken fill ; 
 
 166 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Un harly war d ; r Mosch fersucht. 
 'Hot'r, ols leis, a bissel g'flucht. 
 
 Des hot'n nord als Nachts getruwelt, 
 
 Nord hot'r a'h gebeet, 
 Un g'heilt un g'sad'r dhet browl'ere 
 For' n Parre g' wiss ich leeb schtudiere, 
 
 Wan' s net waer for die Mad ; 
 Bis naechsckt mohl das m'r Mosch hen 
 
 War Sind un Truwel all fergesse. 
 
 Die Nudel-sup war's aller schlimscht, 
 
 So for mannierlich esse ; 
 Sie bleiwe henke uf'm Bart, 
 M'r muss sie esse uf n Art, 
 
 Fiel wie die Kueh Schtroh fresse ; 
 Wie Schtroh haenkt fon de Scheuer-dhore 
 Hen Nudele fon Maul un Ohre. 
 
 So Winter-owets Mosch un Millich 
 
 Was war d'r Mosch so hees ! 
 Was war die Millich doch so kalt ! 
 Un wan sie war a'h noch so kalt 
 
 War Mosch a'h noch so hees, 
 'S war awer hart uf Zaeh un Gumme 
 Wan Hitz un Kelt sin zamme kumme. 
 
 Die alte Sort Dchentel-leut sin rahr 
 Ich wee's a'h wie sel kummt ; 
 
 D'r Hochgmuth bei fiel junge Lent, 
 
 Macht sie woll gross erscheine heit, 
 Un Morge schon ferlumpt ; 
 
 Du Hochmuth's Narr, was meenscht du 
 
 dan? 
 
 Es Kleed allee, macht net d'r Mann. 
 
 Warum hot's so fiel junge Kerls 
 
 Die nimme schaffe wolle? 
 So fiel dafo hen schwache Age, 
 Un noch fiel meh' hen schwache Mage 
 
 So dhun sie sich a' schtelle ; 
 Sie schaemme sich for Kraut un Schpeck, 
 Un esse nix as Zucker-Schleck. 
 
 Ken Wunner werre sie so schwach, 
 
 As wie'n Schippinne-Fade ; 
 Ken wunner hen sie gar ken Schtarrick, 
 Ken Absicht un ken hooches Marick, 
 
 "Ken Backe un ken Wade;" 
 Sie g'mahne mich so kummt m'rsfohr 
 An Schilder for'n Kleeder-schtohr. 
 
 167 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 M'r hen ken Zeiting g'hat im Haus 
 
 Foil schlechte Neuichkeite ; 
 M'r hen nix gwisst fon Rawerei 
 Fon Mort' un Feier un Sauwerei, 
 
 Un fon de schlechte Zeite ; 
 'S letscht Neues war als im Kallenner . 
 'S bescht Esse war im Sauer-kraut-schten- 
 
 ner. 
 
 M'r hen a'h gwisst was ehrlich war, 
 
 Un hen net fiel ferlohre, 
 M'r war sel Zeit net fiel beloge, 
 Un ah net halwer so betroge, 
 
 Doch war net r* fiel g'schwore ; 
 En Mann war g'ntii^Ne an seim Wort, 
 En Ochs am Horn so hen m'rs g'hat. 
 
 Es Geld hen mihr net in die Bank, 
 For Dchentel-lent zu schtehle ; 
 
 Die bescht Bank in d ? r ganse Welt, 
 
 For gut ufhewe, em sie Geld, 
 Un widder all zu zaehle 
 
 So hen die Leut sel Zeit gedenkt 
 
 War'n alter Schtrump in'd Schornschte 
 g'henkt. 
 
 Hoscht du dei Lewe e'mohl g'heerd 
 
 In jener alte Zeit, 
 'N G'lamedier un Folks Gegrisch, 
 Das so'n Bank ferbroche isch 
 
 So wie sie breche heit ? 
 So'n Schtrump war selle Zeit fiel beaser 
 As Banks, nau mit de beschte Schlesser. 
 
 Des isch die Zeit for grosse Sache 
 
 For grosse Schiff un Hauser, 
 For Rigel-weg un Mortgage-bonds, 
 For ten per cent, un Gold Coupons ; 
 
 For grosse Dieb un B' seheisser : 
 Die Law wert g'macht for Corporationt t 
 For grosse Kerls un Schpeculations. 
 
 Sie wohn in d'r hechschte Schtyle 
 
 Die Kep sin in d'r Heh ; 
 Heit sin sie gut, un Morje schlecht. 
 Es isch net ehrliok un net recht, 
 
 Ich kan' s gar net f r sehtee : 
 Sie schmooke Principe Cigars 
 Un reide in de Palace Cars. 
 
 Wu isch die gut alt Ehrlichkeit ? 
 
 Die Gold un Silwe-r Dahler ; 
 Wu sin die alte Jaokson-leut ? 
 
 .168 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Wu sin die Benton Mint-Drops heit ? 
 Die Ehrliche Bezahler : 
 Anschtat dafo hen mihr F' rschpreche, 
 Das gut sin wan sie net ferbreche. 
 
 # # # 
 
 Wan'd fon d'r Law gans frei wit kumme, 
 
 Muscht ebbes grosses schtehle ; 
 Net wenigeras'n Halb- Million, 
 Die Lewe schtehl ken halwe Kroon, 
 
 Schunscht kanscht du's gross ferfehle ; 
 Die reiche Dieb, die kumme frei, 
 Die arme in die Bressent nei. 
 
 Es kumm't net all uf Schlesser a', 
 
 Uf Safes un Eisene Riegel ; 
 Uf dicke Wend un Eis'ne Dhiere, 
 Mit all dem kan m' rs doch forliere 
 
 'S isch nix as Wax un Siegel ; 
 Un's batt em doch ken Fetze-bissel, 
 Wan Ehrlichkeit net trag'd d'r Schlissel. 
 
 THE OLDEN TIMES. 
 
 I still remember the old dish 
 
 Made entirely from pewter, 
 Right in the middle of the large table 
 And heaped up full, a whole lot 
 
 What do you think was in it ? 
 Sometimes "seurkraut and schpeck" 
 And sometimes "schnitz and knop." 
 
 I still remember the old plates, 
 
 I think I see them yet ; 
 We had an old corner-cupboard 
 Full of the old kind of tableware, 
 
 169 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 With sky-blue pictures ; 
 I can never forget 
 The pictures and the pleasant meal. 
 
 With knife and fork we ate, 
 But not the mush and soup ; 
 
 Each one had his spoon 
 
 And ate till he was done, 
 Until he was full and stout, 
 
 Sometimes the soup and mush were so 
 hot 
 
 It was no wonder if you got cross. 
 
 Farther asked a blessing at the table, 
 And then we were all" quiet ; 
 
 Jake could hardly wait, 
 
 And would burn his mouth with mush 
 Or else he would not get enough 
 
 And hardly had he tasted the mush 
 
 Before he swore a little on the quiet. 
 
 This used to trouble him at night 
 
 And then he prayed 
 And wept, and said he would try 
 And study for a preacher, as sure as 
 you live, 
 
 If it would not be for the girls. 
 But until we have mush again 
 His sin and trouble was all forgotten. 
 
 Noodle soup was the worst 
 To eat in a decent manner. 
 
 They hung to your chin 
 
 And you had to eat them in a manner 
 Much as cattle eat straw. 
 
 As straw hangs to the barn gate 
 
 The noodles hung from mouth to ear. 
 
 170 
 
SNNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 In winter evenings mush and milk 
 
 How hot the mush was ! 
 And how cold was the milk ! 
 No matter how cold the milk 
 
 The mush was just as hot. 
 It was- hard on teeth and gums 
 When heat and cold come together. 
 
 The old kind of gentlemen are scarce 
 
 And I know why it is ; 
 Pride with many young people 
 Makes them appear great, to-day, 
 
 But to-morrow they are in rags. 
 You big fool, what do you mean ? 
 Clothing alone doesn't make the man. 
 
 Why are there so many young fellows 
 Who dont want to work any more ? 
 
 Many of them have weak eyes, 
 
 Others have weak stomachs 
 And so it goes. 
 
 They are ashamed to eat sourkraut and 
 
 schpeck 
 
 And they eat nothing but sweet meats. 
 
 No wonder th^v get so weak 
 
 As a spidei w -b, 
 
 No wonder they have no strength, 
 No aim and no object in view, 
 
 No cheeks and no calf at their legs 
 They remind me of 
 Dummies before a clothing store. 
 
 We had no news paper, in the house 
 
 Full of bad news, 
 We knew nothing about robbery, 
 Murder, fire and witchcraft 
 
 And about hard times. 
 The latest news was in the Almanac 
 The best meal was in the sourkraut tub. 
 
 We also knew what honesty was 
 
 And we did not lose much. 
 In those times we were not often deceived, 
 And not half as often cheated: 
 
 There were not so many oaths taken, 
 A man was taken at his word 
 An ox at his horn so we had it. 
 
 The money we didn't put to bank 
 
 For people to steal. 
 The best bank in the whole world, 
 To keep money securely 
 
 And count it all again, 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 So at least the people thought 
 Was an old stocking in the chimney. 
 
 Did you ever hear 
 
 In those old times, 
 
 Of a fuss and complaint of the people 
 That such a bank had "bust," 
 
 As they are doing now-a-days? 
 Such a stocking then was better, 
 Than banks now with the best locks. 
 
 This is a time for great things, 
 
 For great steamboats and houses, 
 For railroads and mortgages 
 At ten per cent, and gold coupons ; 
 
 For great thieves and rascals. 
 The laws are made for corporations 
 For great men and speculations. i 
 
 They live in the highest style, 
 
 They carry their heads in the air. 
 To-day they are good, to-morrow bad. 
 It is not honest nor right, 
 
 I can't understand it. 
 They smoke principe cigars 
 And riae in palace cars 
 
 Where is the good old honesty ? 
 
 The gold and silver dollars ? 
 Where are the old Jackson people ? 
 Where are the Benton mintdrops to-daj 
 
 And all the honest debtors ? 
 Instead of them we have promises 
 Which are good if kept. 
 
 If you want to be free from the law 
 
 You must steal something valuable 
 Not less than half a millon. 
 Never steal only a half crown 
 
 Or else you will miss it. 
 The rich thieves get clear, 
 The poor go to prison. 
 
 It doesn't depend on locks, 
 
 Safes and iron bars, 
 Thick walls and iron doors, 
 With all these you are not safe 
 
 There is nothing but wax and seal. 
 Yet that is no good 
 If honesty does not exist. 
 
 372 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 DIE ALTE ZEITE. 
 
 Mit Flegel hen rn'i's Korn getrosche 
 
 Mit Ohlehaut gebunne ; 
 So oft as e'ner drowe war 
 Am Owerden so hooch, schiergar 
 
 Wump ! war d'r anmr drunne, 
 Un fon'm alte Keschte-wald 
 Hot's als die Ant wort z'rick geschallt. 
 
 So hen m'r als es Korn getrosche 
 
 D'r Waeze mit de Geil ; 
 M'r hen sie g'ritte lang drufrum, 
 Herrjeh ! was war m'r doch so dumm 1 
 
 So geht' s net alleweil ; 
 
 Die Dreschmcr chine ! sel macht wie' s kmnmt, 
 Das Dresche nau gans annerscht brummt. 
 
 Wie's fertig war, war's Schtroh so schae 
 
 Un weeg, du glaabscht m'r's ; 
 Un ! was leichte, weeche Schprau 1 
 Du weescht jo nix, ich sag d'r's nau, 
 
 Es'war ken besser Bett ; 
 Eweck mit Mattress un mit Schprings, 
 Un all so deur hoochmaetig Dings. 
 Was hen m'r als so ruhich g'schloofe 
 
 Uf selle alte Better ! 
 Da wieschter, rauher war die Nacht, 
 Da besser hot's em schloofe g' macht. 
 
 Do war' s em net nm' s Wetter ; 
 Wan der alt Schornschte noch dort war, 
 Dan war ken Druwel un ken G'fohr. 
 
 OLDEN TIMES. 
 
 We thrashed the rye with a flail 
 
 Tied with eel skin, 
 As often as one was up, 
 Almost at the hayloft 
 
 Bounce, the other was down I 
 And from the old chestnut grove 
 The echo resounded. 
 
 173 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Thus we used to thrash the rye, 
 
 And the wheat with the horses 
 We rode them around on it, a long time, 
 Oh my, how ignorant we were 
 
 That's not the way now 
 The thrashing machine is the reason 
 That thrashing now hums differently. 
 
 When done the straw was so nice 
 
 And soft, you' 11 scarcely believe it ; 
 And oh, how light and soft the chaif ! 
 You don't know, I'll tell you now, 
 
 There was no better bed. 
 Away with mattress and with springs 
 And all such dear and costly things. 
 
 How quietly we slept 
 
 In those old beds ! 
 
 The more unpleasant and rough the night 
 The better we would sleep 
 
 With no concern about the weather 
 If the old chimney was still there, 
 There was no trouble and danger. 
 
 "Fun Reading Times," g'shriwa beim Tom Zimmerman. 
 
 N BRIF FUM KEIS'R WILHELM ON SEI GROSS- 
 MUTTER. 
 
 BERLIN, Germany, January 10, 1896. 
 
 My lieve Grossmutter : Du nmscht clei Leit sich besser behefe mache. 
 eunscht kents f'rhaftich Grieg gevva zwische die Englender un die 
 Deustsche. Du huscht, anyhow, keh Business die arme Bcere so hart 
 nunner zu dricke. Sie hen g'fochte vor ihre Land, un hen ihre Freiheit 
 verdient. Wann ihr Englander Land obsolut schtehle misst eich ufzu- 
 halte, dann schtehlt's von graessre Lender net von so arme, schwache 
 Leit das sich sheer gaar net helfe kenne. Es kan sei das es net juscht 
 dei eegne Schult is ; 'sis verleicht der alt, schtuverich, dick-keppich, 
 roth-g' sichtich Salsbury das dich, my lieve Grossmutter, so viel druvel 
 macht. 
 
 Was denkt dann der Uncle Wales dafun ? Hut er dann gaar nix zu 
 saage? Ich denk er is zu busy am Karte schpeele, un wei drinke, un 
 carriage fahre, sich viel zum bekimre weeich so sache. Schpeelt er dann 
 als noch sel Geem wu sie Packerack hesa. Wann er dunt, dann set er's 
 verhaftich grawt aweek ufgewe. Wie is es dann ? Is es waar das die 
 Englender welle mich ous die Clubs schmeise die wu ich g'jined hab 
 drivve in London ? Denkscht du ich geb en Deuvel drum epp sie mich 
 naus schmeise oder net? Juscht saag zum Uncle Wales er set die Rech- 
 nung greega was ich die Clubs schuldich bin for dues un so d'r gleiclra, 
 un ich will's graat bezahle. Ower, saags ihm aw, er muss mir en Re- 
 cetely shicka, sunscht hette sie im schtand un dete mich noch b'sheise. 
 So Kerls muss mir net zu weit traue. 
 
 Un, now, Grossmutter, noch eh ding un fertig. Der Kruger mass 
 
 174 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN .LITEEATURE 
 
 tmnerschtitzt sei, un do maagsht du saage was du wit. Du kanscht dei 
 rihiff nunner shicke, so viel os du wit. Deutschland hut aw Shiffe, un 
 bessre torpedo boats os England hut. So deet ihr besser net so viel mit 
 euer Meuler fechte better "keep cool'' sunsht gebts Greeg, un no let- 
 terer mir euch wie die Amerikana schundt a paar mohl henn. 
 
 Ihr Leit mist net denke das ich net fechte will weil ich g' heured binn 
 tm hob so 'n grosse Familie zu enere ; abaddich im Winter weil so kalt is. 
 Oh, no ! Grossmutter, you are off your base if you tink so. 
 
 Un des g'mahnt mich das ich my Briefly now zum a schluss bringa 
 muss. Ich muss now bissel naus un my Saldata exezeere, un my Leit 
 ready greege for on en dunnere grosse Schlacht, so das wan's notwenig 
 is sinn mir anyhow prepared. Achtungsvoll. WILHELM. 
 
 A LETTER FROM EMPEROR WILHELM TO HIS 
 GRANDMOTHER. 
 
 BERLIN, Germany, Jau. 10, 1896. 
 
 My Dear Grandmother : You must make your people behave them- 
 selves better, else it could indeed cause war between the English and the 
 Germans. You have anyhow no business to oppress the poor Boers so 
 hard. They have fought for their land and have earned their liberty. 
 
 175 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 If you English must necessarily steal to pass your time, then steal from 
 larger countries, not from such a poor, weak people that can hardly help 
 themselves. It may be that it is not your own fault ; perhaps it is the 
 old, stubborn, thick-headed, red-faced Salisbury who makes you, my 
 dear Grandmother, so much trouble. 
 
 What do you think that Uncle Prince of Wales thinks about it? Has 
 he nothing to say ? I think he is too busy playing cards, drinking wine 
 and riding in his carriage. Does he play that game yet that they call 
 Packerack ? If he does he should surely quit it immediately. How is 
 it ? Is it true that the English want to throw me out of the clubs that I 
 joined when I was in London. What the Devil, do you think, I care 
 whether they throw me out or not. Just tell Uncle Wales that he should 
 get the account of what I owe the clubs for dues and the like and I will 
 pay them right away. But tell him he must send me a receipt, or else 
 they would cheat me yet besides/ Such chaps you mustn't trust too far. 
 
 And now, Grandmother, one thing more and I am done. Krueger 
 must be supported and no matter what you say, you may send down as 
 many of yoar ships as you like. Germany has ships too, and better tor- 
 pedo boats than England. 
 
 You would better not fight so much with words, but keep cool, else 
 there will be war and we will whip you as the Americans have done 
 at times. You must not think that I will not fight because I am married 
 and have a large family to support ; especially in winter since it is so 
 cold. Oh no, Grandmother you are off your base if you think so. This 
 reminds me that I must bring my letter to a close. I must go out to 
 drill my soldiers and get my people ready for a thundering big slaughter, 
 BO thai when it is necessary we are prepared. Respectfully. 
 
 WLLHELM. 
 
 176 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GEEMAN LITERATURE 
 
 By H. A. Schuler Allentown, Pa. 
 
 DER " 3EIK." 
 
 Ich war am Samschdag in der stadt 
 
 For bisnesz un plessir, 
 Un dart haw ich zu sehna krigt 
 
 En widderlich-gedier. 
 
 Es guckt wie'n monkey uf ra stang 
 
 Mil runda redder dra', 
 Es hot en schnawelkaeple uf 
 
 Un unnerhossa a' . 
 
 Des dier reit uf da strosza rum, 
 Gedrezt ei, 's is en schand ! 
 
 In unnerhossa, unnerhem, 
 Un wada giillt mit sand. 
 
 Es guckt wie'n alter raengutaeng. 
 
 Sei gwcht war sterns verhitzt. 
 Sei HM war rot, sei buckel krumm, 
 
 Un greislich hot cr gschwitzt. 
 
 THE "BIKE." 
 
 On Saturday I went to town 
 For business and for fun, 
 
 And there I met the ugliest beast 
 I e'er set eyes upon. 
 
 It seemed a motvkey seated on 
 A pole, with wheels thereto 
 
 Attached; a little pointed cap 
 He wore, and drawers pooh ! 
 
 Why, 'tis a burning shame, the way 
 This "critter" rides about 
 
 In undershirt and drawers clad, 
 His calves with sand filled out ! 
 
 Just like an old orang-outang <- 
 He looked his nose afire, 
 
 His face all flushed, his back all bent; 
 Whew ! how he did perspire 1 
 
 lla 
 
 177 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Dann frog ich , eb's enspinrad waer "Is it a spinning-wheel that this 
 
 Wu der baboon da reit, Baboon is riding so ?' ' 
 
 Un krig for antwort : " 'S is jo'n I asked. The answer was : "Why, 
 
 beik, that's 
 
 Des wissen alia leit !" A 'bike,' sir, don't you know?" 
 
 ZEECHAGLAWA UN BRAUCHEREI. 
 
 Deel Leit hen en arger Glawa an die Zeecha, wu im Kalen- 
 ner stehn, un au da Mond. Wann sie eppes planza wolla im 
 wolla im Garta odder im Feld, guckasie, eb'sim zuneinmenda 
 is ; was mer im abnemmenda planzt. meena sei, deet net gut 
 gerota. Wann mer'n Haus zu decka hot, sei mer's duh, wann 
 der Mond unner sich steht; no bleiwa die Schindla schee teit 
 drunna. Wammer's deckt im iwersich gehenda, dann ringla 
 sich die Schindla in die Heh un's Dach werd struwelig. Warn- 
 mer Poschtafenz macht, sot mer jo die Poschta net eigrawa im 
 iwersich gehenda, sunscht bleiwa sie net im Grund; sie krattla 
 in die Heh, un die Fenz fallt ztimma. Sie behaapten ah, warn- 
 mer'n Bord hi'legt, wu der Mond a Weil druf scheint, deet's 
 sich unnersich biega odder iwersich, so wie der Mond steht. 
 Mir hetta nau net gedenkt, dass der Mond so a Power het, awer 
 deel Leit glawa so. 
 
 Wann die Obschtbeem recht bliha im zunemmenda, heesst's 
 als, daerf mer plenty Frichta ekschpecta; wann awer die Bliet 
 in's abnemmend kummt, no falla die Frichta glei ab un's gebt 
 a schlechter Crop. Im Spotjohr soil mer die Eppel wegduh, 
 wann der Mond dunkel is, so um da Neimond rum, dass sie 
 net faula. 
 
 Wammer recht viel scheena Blumma ziega will, sot mer sie 
 in da Zwilling planza saga deel; Annera planza sie in der ''bli- 
 henda Jungfrau." Grumbeera soil mer in der Wog planza; no 
 schluppa sie net so dief in da Grund un werra gross, schee rund. 
 Wammer sie awer iin Krebs planzt, daun krattla sie dief nun- 
 ner, werra warzig, voll Zacka, un schmacka schlecht. Gum- 
 mera daerf raer net in da Zwilling planza, sunscht duhn sie nix 
 as bliha da ganza Summer un haenga net ah. 
 
 Cider, wu Essig gewa soil, sot mer im Leeb abzappa, dass er 
 recht stark werd; 's Winterfleesch awer sot mer net im Leeb 
 uhfaenga, sunscht werd's lewendig wie'n Leeb es krigt 
 Waerm. Wann die Ihma in der Wog Schwaema, sei is a gut 
 Sein; no were der Karschta schwer voil Hunnig. Glucko 
 soil mer in der Jungfrau setza, no kumma die Junga 
 scheer aus un gerota gut; mer soil en ungrade Zahl Aier uner- 
 lega, no schluppa sie all raus. Wann die Hinkel so a ganz 
 
 178 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 'n 5lda> Hgxamashd'r. An old Wizard. 
 179 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 klee Ai lega, sell is en Unglicksai; sel muss mer iwer's Haua- 
 dach schmeissa, dass es ken Unglick im haus gebt. 
 Deel Leit glawen ah, 's geebt allerhand A'z^echa, wann eppes 
 haeppena soil. Wann die Pussy sich waescht un mit da Doha 
 hinnig die Ohra fobrt, dann kummt Bsuch in's Haus. So ah, 
 wann em a Messer odder a Gawel accidentally nunner fallt; 
 wann's a Gawel is, kummt en Mannskerl, wann's a Messer is, 
 en Weibsmensch. Warn mer sei Kaffee getrunka hot, dreht 
 mer's Kopcha rura un stellt's widder recbt; so viel Leina as 
 no der Satz weist, so viel Leit kumma uf Bsuch sella Dag. Wann 
 a Medel wissa will, wella Weg ihra Boh beikummt, dann losst 
 sie's Inschlichlicht brenna, bis der Wiecha newanaus point; 
 vun sellera direction kummt er no. 's is awer uoch viel besser, 
 wann sie da Bruschtknocha vum Hinkel owig die Dihr legf; 
 der erscht Mannskerl, wu no zu der Dihr reikummt, seller gebt 
 ihra Mann. 
 
 Waminer a vierbletterig Kleeblat find sel bedeit Glick, awer finf- 
 bletteriges meent Unglick. Wammer a Hufei-a find, sel bringt 
 ah Glick; selhalt ah die Hexa aus'm Kihstali un aus 'm Haus, 
 wammer's newig die Dihr nagelt. Scheierscbwalma un Krot- 
 ta daerf mer net dootmacha, sunscht gewa die Kih blutige 
 Milch. Wammer a Hinkel odder'n Has odder enig klee Dier 
 in seina Haend dootgeh losst, dann werd mer zitterig. Wann 
 a Stick Vieh gschlacht werd un mer steht dabei wu dauert's, 
 dann geht's net gschwind doot. Wammer an Blumma riecht, 
 un uf ma Grab wacbsa, no verliert mer da Geruch. Wammer 
 iwer a klee Kind naus schritt, no wachst's nimme stark odder 
 gar nimme. Wann's em so in da Ohra brummt, dann dut er- 
 gets epper iwer em liega odder schelta. Wann's em in da Aaga 
 beisst, dann haeppent noch eppes sella Dag, wu mer gern sehnt. 
 Wammer sich bei 'm Essa vergesst un nemmt sich eppes naus, 
 wu mer noch davun hot, dann kummt noch epper Hungriges. 
 Die Fingernegel soil mer sich Freidags trimma, nokrigtmer 
 ken Zahweh. Wann mer sie Sundags schneid, dann muss 
 mer sich sella Dag noch schaemma. Warn mer' n Stick Kleed 
 accidentally 's hinnerscht vedderscht a'dut, sel bedeit Glick; 
 mer daerf s awer no net recht dreha sella Dag, sunscht meent's 
 Unglick. [ Sel kennt em awer sterns Baddereschon macha, 
 wammer die Hossa margets da letza Weg a'kreegt un daerft 
 sie no net rumdreba] Watnmer niessa mus, sell bedeit Glick, 
 un for sel saecht raer als "Gsundheet!" wann epper niest. 
 Wann awer die Hinkel nachts gacksa odder die Hund heila 
 odder a Nachteil neekscht uf ma Baam kreischt, sel is en bees 
 A'zeecha; sel bedeit, dass bal epper aus em Haus sterbt. So 
 is es ah, waun a Welsehkarnstengel odder eppes, wu im Garta 
 wachst, weiss werd. 
 
 180 
 
PENNSLYVANI1 GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Viel Leit glawen ah an's Braucha for allerhand Krankbeeta. 
 Sie behaapta. sie kennta's bees Ding am Finger heela un 
 Schmerza, un Blat stilla sellaweg. Wann Kinner "a'gewachsa" 
 sin, des is wann na die Lewer gschwolla is. soil mer sie unnig 
 ma Darnastock darch geh losso, wu an zwee Enner faschtge 
 wachsa is. Wanu en Gaul lahm werd, soil mer 'm a gstohlener 
 Sackbendel uin da lahm Fuss rum wickela un en im Stall steh 
 loss a, biser gut werd. For 's Zaeweh zu verhieta. soil mer'n 
 Sehlans?ahaut, wu mer alsemol draus find, mit da Zah ufhewa 
 un no hinnersi^h laafa. So viel Schritt as mer no sellaweg 
 macht so viel Johr krigt mer ken Zahweh meh. Wammer in a 
 neie HeemK kuramt, soil mer da Scharnstee nuf gucka, no 
 krigt mer ken Heemweh. Wann epper Heemweh scbun hot, 
 soil mer a bissel Holz vum da vier Ecka vum Disch abkratza 
 un soli's em uf Butterbrot zu essa gewa. 
 
 Warza kanu mer vertreiwa, wann mer sie mit ma Knocha 
 reibt, wu mer draus ergets find, un legt en no grad widder hi', 
 wei er gelega hot; merdaerf da Knocha awer net sucha. Ah- 
 nera saga, mer sot sie mit ma Sti^k Speck eeiwa uu dabei iwer 
 die link Schulrer noch em neia Mond gucka un saga: "Was 
 ich sehu, des neintnt zu; was ich reib, des n^mmt ob. ' 's Was- 
 ser vum Maerza<*chnee is gut for schwacha Aaga. 
 
 's gebt noch viel annera Dinga vum Braucherei un Hexerei 
 un Spuks, wu deel Leit als noch fascht dra glawar awer des 
 Stick is lang genuuk, un me; missa stoppa. 
 
 From "Boonastiel" by T. H. Harter, of Middleburg, Pa. 
 DE SUCKERS IN POLITIX. 
 
 In anes fua mina brief hov ich awenich gablowdered wae- 
 ga geld in politix, un ich bin net gons holver fardich warra. 
 Der onnerdawg wore ich in Schwineford Shtettle uflf bisnisun 
 bin im Recorder si office gadopped woo ich en shtick wise bob- 
 beer g'funna hob. Ich hob's in der sock g'shtecked un name 
 ganumma far der Polly era budder ols druff ous rechla. Uflf 
 der onera side wore druckes, un des hov ich ous-g'funna wore 
 en blank ade for county officers ine tsu schwara. Es hut mere 
 my odom shier week ganumma we ich de pawr waidta galaesa 
 hob: 
 
 "I do solemnly swear # " * * thai I have not 
 paid or contributed, or promised to pay or contribute, either direct- 
 ly or indirectly, any money or other valuable thing to procure my 
 election" etc. 
 
 Now, we fiel mohl in denaa ledshta finf odder tzae yoh 
 
 181 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 G'elekt ! Elected ! 
 
 Deitsh un Elvish Shdim 
 German and Irish Vote 
 
 Om Shdimplots 
 At the polls 
 
 -4*0 
 
 Hut de g5ns Nocht ufg'hukt Dar lagt ous for wos ar g'buda is wora 
 
 for de Berichta hara 
 
 Up all night for the returns Explaining the cause of his defeat 
 
 LSksh'n. Election. 
 
 182 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 deknsht du os selly wardta g'shtucka hen os we en reeb inera 
 koo eram hole. We fiel officers hen sell ade ganumma mit 
 freia gawissa? Un, sawg, sin se tsu blaema ? Ich glawb net 
 fiel. Won en mon rous kumma date far en office os ebbes ward 
 ware un date ken geld shpenda het are haerly so fiel chance 
 far elect tsu wara os en shpeck-mous het far iver der sae fleega. 
 Was maucht mich so sawga ? Why gook amohl ! Won en karl 
 mit ma grossa geld-sock gauominate wardt don sin de sucker 
 um erne room we micka uff ma dota assel un de drucker sin 
 net wide hinna draw ! Doh kumt Honsmike, dar hut's 
 gons Lodwarrick township im jacket sock un farkawft's on so 
 fiel der kup ; Der Shovel Jeckey sawked de boova missa ebbes 
 tsu drinka hovva, un awenich geld now far era pife noss tsu 
 mauchha date fiel goot ; Der Billy Blosehard will en origle 
 greega for de Greitzwak Sundawg Shool, der onner will en V 
 far fawna kawfa far de band, un oil de onera hen subscription 
 bicher far karricha bowa. Now, kens fan denna karls froga 
 grawd rous far geld wile are en kondadawt is, awver se gevva 
 erne tsu farshtae dos won are nix gebt un de onner doot don 
 data se erne es waurem maucha uff der dawg fun 'lection. 
 We will en mon doh rous coomo ? De 'lection kuhst ene uft- 
 mohls mae dos der loo fun der office woo are haebt. Doh is es 
 net fiel woner won se olsomohls shtoela daita Now, es is net 
 fiel g'shposs in dem brief. Es is ken g'shposs in dem gablowder. 
 Es is tsu fiel woreheit drin os wae doot, awver ich will huffa 
 es doot, ebbes goot. Politix is corrupt un es is so wile leit es 
 so maucha. 
 
 By Dr. T. J. R. Rhoads, in Miller's "Pennsylvania German" 
 DIE WHISKY BUWE. 
 
 Der Drucker will hawe ich soil ihm was schreiwe, 
 Noh will er's ufzetze. die Zeit mit vertreiwe, 
 So loss uns mol in die Baerstub nei geh, 
 Zu sehne wer drin is, es kumme glei meh. 
 
 Do kummt Ehner nei un lahft grad an die Baer, 
 Un sagt, "Geb mer mol selle Bottel do her, 
 Ich daeht gern en guter Drink Whisky raus schuette, 
 Sell duht mir mei Maage so ziemlich gut fitte." 
 
 Er nemmt dann die Bottel un fuellt sich sie Glass 
 So voll, wann er drinkt kummt er nei mit der Naas ; 
 Noh sagt er zum Baerkeeper, "Schreib just sell uf, 
 Die naechst Wock bezahl ich un drink noch ehns druf.' 
 
 183 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 In d'r Klubschdub 
 In the Clubrooin 
 
 De hut's bandich 
 She has it handy 
 
 Brondawei-Branarei Distillery 
 
 Tm Saloon 'n Souflod'l om Bedla 
 
 In the Saloon A Drunkard Begging 
 
 Soafarei Hard Drinking 
 184 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 En Annerer kummt rei tin sa^t, "Geb mir en Gin ; 
 Du kannst mir wohl glaabe, ich sehr dorstig bin.'* 
 Deraemoat dan die Bottel un schu^t: sich heraus, 
 Un drinkl's zamme uunner un gent noh grad naus. 
 
 Der Werth geht ihm noch nous un will in gern stoppe 
 Er is uf der Stross un dort derf er ihii kloppe. 
 Seller hot emol easy sei Bitters gemacht, 
 Der Werth hot ihn g'scholte un er hot gelacht. 
 
 En Annerer lahft uf an der Baer nut 'me Wink, 
 Un sagt zu dem Baertender, "Geb mir en Drink ; 
 Ich war do in Spunktown gewest an <ier Frolick, 
 Un nau hab ich Eppes iin Leib wie die Kolick. 
 
 "Mach mir mol Eppes ink Bitters un Gin, 
 Un Eppes vum Manderbach sei Whisky darin, 
 Un noh ah Pepperuiit just en par Troppe, 
 Sie sage sell daehr, ehm die Kolick grad stoppe." 
 
 En Annerer kummt 'rei un muss als ufschmeisse, 
 
 Er hot Schmerze im Maage, er mehni's debt ihn verreisse, 
 
 Er will Eppes hawe sei Maajje za stille, 
 
 Der duht sich dann also sei Tumbler voll fuelle. 
 
 En Dehl hen en Faeshion am Werthsbaus zu sei, 
 Un wann Epper beikummt, dann gehne sie mit nei. 
 Sieduhne gut schwaetze, alle Wege ahwende, 
 Sie daehte gerii drinke, awer selwer nix spende. 
 
 Mer kann wohl gut sehne was sie dabei mehne, 
 Sell kann mer ganz gut mit 'me halwe Aag sehne. 
 Sie lahfe uf wie en Ochs an der Stall, 
 Oder en Esel an's Reff sell is oftmols der Fall. 
 
 Ehner lahft uf un sagt ich muss jo verfriere 
 Wann ich net en gutes drink zwee, drei oder vierre. 
 Er zittert, un schnattert, un kleppert die Zeh 
 Alle Knoche im Koerpper, die duhne ihm weh. 
 
 'S naechst Ding as seller wees sicht er die Schlange, 
 Un Ratte uu Kaeffer prowirt er zu fange. 
 Noh muss jo der Dokter sehr schnell herbei kumme 
 Sunst werd ihm sei wenig Verstand all genumme. 
 
 Do kummt Ehuer nei, eder duht hechse un schwitze, 
 Er schuetts sich en gute Dose raus uu loss's blitze. 
 Er duht jo sell drinke sich schnell un scboe kuehle 
 Sell machtihn gewiss ah noh glei besser fueble. 
 
 185 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Der Ehnte drinkt Whisky, well's is ihm zu kalt, 
 Er schuettelt un zittert mit aller Gewalt. 
 Der Anner duht's drinke., urn sich schnell abkuehle, 
 Er kann besser schaffe un duht besser fuehle. 
 
 So kumme sie UD drinke Johr aus un Johr ei, 
 
 En Jeder gleicht Whisky, doch wolle sie's net sei. 
 
 Sie hen All en guter Exkuhs beizubringe, 
 
 Wann sie als ihr Schnapps un ihr Bitters'verschlinge. 
 
 Wann nau en Mann duht ah die Baerstub zuschliesse, 
 Noh brauch er dann jo ah ken Geld meh eibiesse 
 Mit Solche die kumme un spende uf Tick 
 Wann er sell bezahlt kriegt, dann hot er gross Glick. 
 
 Es is jo ken Law for so Saufgeld collekte, 
 Do kann er gewiss jo ah net mol expekte 
 Dass Solche bezahle ; er kann sie net mache ; 
 Wann sie net gern wolle, dann duhne sie just lache. 
 
 Wann Annere noch schliesse, dann all desto besser, 
 Noh gebt's ah gewiss net so viel leere Fesser ; 
 Der Kopp bleibt em level, Verstand bleibt em klohr, 
 Sag Du, Mister Drucker, is sell nau net wohr? 
 
 By Dr. Frank R. Brunner. 
 CHRIST-DAG. 
 
 Eh Johr noch dem annere geht rum, 
 Der Christdag is schun wieder do ; 
 
 Die Kinner, sie springe alie rum 
 Un scheme erbaermlich froh, 
 
 Sie hoffe es Christkindel bringt 
 
 Viel for in der Strump, der ufhaengt. 
 
 Sie wolle in's Bett ; sie sin bang 
 
 'S Christkindel nemmt sie verleicht mit ; 
 Sin sie drin, so blaudere sie lang 
 
 Vun Alles was is, un ah net, 
 Bis endlich dann schlofe sie ei 
 Un dernoh sin ihr Aengste verbei. 
 
 Die Elf re versaeumten's ah net, 
 Sie hen sich All gut vorbereit ; 
 
 Sie fuell'n ier Struemp un ich wett, 
 Nix macht ihne groessere Freud 
 
 Zu sehne wie froh Kinner sin 
 
 For was sie vum Christkindel hen. 
 
 186 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 N 
 
 'n good'r Dawdi A good Father 
 
 'n gliklich Kind 
 A happy Child 
 
 Shbelsoch 
 Krishdawg 
 
 Toys 
 Christmas 
 
 187 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Verlaicht is'n Christkindel Ba\m 
 
 Die Kiuaer ihr Hoffnung ua Freed ; 
 
 Verleicht hen sie g'sehae itn Draam 
 
 Wie herrli(3h doss er schun do steht. 
 
 In aller Fraeh froge sie noh : 
 
 "Maem, war nau des Chriskiniel do?" 
 
 Das Jo wort bringt sie aus'm Bett, 
 En Jede* wees glei was es hot ; 
 
 So herrlich, un wisse doch net 
 
 Wer des All dort hie g'duh hot. 
 
 "Wie guckt daun des Christkindel, Paep, 
 
 Wu uns All des do g'brocht hot?" 
 
 "Un kummt der Belsnickel nau ah, 
 
 Un bringt uns All nochemol Sach? 
 
 Un er geht zu Aunere ah 
 
 Un krattelt hoch nuf dort uf's Dach ? 
 
 Unjleert ah sei Sack ihne aus, 
 
 Ua geht noh zum Schornstee grad naus?" 
 
 Des Christkindel is der gut Gott, 
 
 Er gebt uns ah Kleeder un Brod ; 
 
 Er gebt uns vun All was Er hot, 
 Un sorgt for uns bis zum Tod. 
 
 D'runat dankt Ihm for All was ihr haett, 
 
 Uh niemols versaeumt es ah net. 
 
 Der Belsnickel is der boei Mann ; 
 
 Er hot'n erschrecklich wuescht G'sicht^ 
 Er nemmt sich viel Wippe uu dann 
 
 Schlaegt er uf All wen er verwischt. 
 Nixnutzige Buwe un Maed 
 Zu leddere, macht ihm die groesst Freed. 
 
 Dann dankte die Kinner also 
 
 Oh, gutes Christkindel un Gott, 
 
 For All was mir hen sin mer froh, 
 Un wunnere wu's so Sache hot, 
 
 Van iauter suess Zucker gem^oht, 
 
 Un host's uns All selwer gebrachc. 
 
 Das naechst Jobr versaeum ua jo net, 
 Vor Dir sin mer nau niinme bang ; 
 
 Mir s^hne noh net fru<3h iu's B >.tt, 
 Ua singe en schoener G'satig. 
 
 O, Christdag, du herrliche 
 
 Die is for uns All vorbereit. 
 
 188 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 From "Der Dengelstock" by Lee L. Grumbine Esq. Lebanon, Pa. 
 
 DER ALT DENGELSTOCK. 
 
 Der alt Dengelstock, 
 Dort steckt er im Block, 
 Unner'm alte Pimd-appel 
 
 Baum ; 
 
 Am Naschfc henkt die Senz 
 Der Reche bei der Feuz 
 Seh Alles wie'n schoener 
 
 Traum. 
 
 Die Sona geht 'uf, 
 Komm Buwe, steht 'uf, 
 Schoa lang sin die Hahne am 
 
 kraehe ; 
 
 Dir faule Beng'le. 
 Macht euch an's deng'le, 
 Nach 'm Fruhstueck gebt'a 
 
 an's maehe. 
 
 Wann die Sens wird stumb, 
 Is der Oxe-horn Kumb, 
 Mit 'em Wetzste' au' net weit ; 
 Un' der Hammer wie'u Glock 
 'Uf 'em Deadstock, 
 Spielt sei Lied,-icb hoer's nocb 
 Heut. 
 
 "Klingel, Klengel, 
 
 Wetz un' dengel, 
 
 Der Dengelstock ^klangt un' 
 
 kiingt ; 
 
 Kiingel, klengel, * ^ ^ ' 
 Hammer un' dengel, 
 Hoer was der Dengelstock 
 
 siogt." 
 
 Der Thau' 'uf 'em Grass, 
 Es glizert wie Glass, 
 Im frueb morge Sonnescbein'; 
 Dick falle die G'maade, , 
 In der Sens Ibre Paade, * 
 So graad wie'n Soldate-lein. 
 
 Die Fenze-meis springe, 
 Ich hoer die Voegel singe, 
 Bie de Heu-macher 'uf 'em 
 
 Feld; 
 
 E'n tausend Ibme brurame, 
 Um die suesse, wilde Blume, 
 Froh un' lustig die ganse 
 
 Welt. 
 
 Un' die Krabbe, die scblechte, 
 
 Sin immer am fechte t 
 
 Was 'n Loerme dort druewe 
 
 189 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 in de Hecke ; 
 Ihr Gezanfc un' Geschoelt, 
 Schallt weit uewer's Feld, 
 Un' der Bull-frog im Damm 
 
 thut's vershrecke. 
 
 Horch wie der alt Lerch 
 Doch peiflft 'uf die Zwerch, 
 Sei froeliches Morge-lied ; 
 Un' die Maeher die schwinge 
 Ihre Sense un' singe 
 ('Sis frueh, un' sie sin noch 
 net mied.) 
 
 " 'Der Wetz is gut, 
 
 Der Wetz is gut, 
 
 Der Hinnerst hat die Schlang 
 
 im Hut' ; 
 
 Er schueit sich gut, 
 H'en Kraft im Blut, 
 Die Arwe't leicht bei guter 
 
 Muth!" 
 
 Mit e'm Korb kommt die 
 
 Maad, 
 
 Am End von der G'maad, 
 I'm Schatte-baumes kuehle 
 
 Run, 
 
 'S werd nie vergesse 
 'S nein-uhr Shtick zu esse, 
 Bei'm Heu-mache, 's g'hert 
 
 dazu. 
 
 Die Sonn' werd bal' he'ss, 
 Raus presst sie der Schwe'ss, 
 Un' schwerer drueckt immer 
 
 die Hitz, 
 
 Der Knecht kommt zuspringe, 
 Frisch Wasser zubringe. 
 Mit der alte holz'ne Stitz. 
 
 Dort hoert mir laute Shtimme. 
 Die Buwe sia am Schwimme, 
 Im Damm werd gebozelt un' 
 
 gekrische ; 
 
 Un' dort drunne im Krickli, 
 Im Loch unner 'm Brueckli, 
 
 Wahrhaftig sin sie au' am 
 Fische. 
 
 Horch !' s mittag's Horn geht, 
 Bis an's End werd's g'maeht, 
 Un' dann geht Alles nach 'm 
 
 Haus, 
 
 'S Esse schmackt doch gut, 
 E' kurze Stund werd's g'ruht, 
 Un' no' 'uf's Feld wieder 
 
 'naus. 
 
 Die Sonn' is bal' nieder, 
 
 Die Nacht kommt bal' wieder, 
 
 Die Schatte wer'e laenger 'uf 
 
 'm Bode' ; 
 
 Die Kueh gehne he'm, 
 Die Voegel nach de Baem', 
 Aus de Loecher hupse die 
 
 Krotte. 
 
 Gefluettert is es Vieh, 
 
 Gemolke sin die Kueh, 
 
 Der Hund is loss von der 
 
 Kett ; 
 
 Schliess die Thuere zu, 
 'S is zeit fur nach der Ruh, 
 Die Hinkle sin schon long im 
 
 Bett. 
 
 Der alt Dengelstock, 
 Dort shteckt er im Block, 
 Uuner'm alte Pund-appel 
 
 Baum ; 
 
 'S is Feuer-ovet g'maeht, 
 'S geht stark 'uf die Nacht, 
 Schlaf sanft, un' 'n suesser 
 
 Traum. 
 
 Drauss hoert mir gar nix, 
 
 A's wie der alt Knx, 
 
 Er singt zu'm Mond die gans 
 
 Nacht ; 
 
 Ke'n Elend un' ke' Kummer, 
 Verstoert der suesse Schlum- 
 
 mer, 
 Wo die Unschuld wohnt, Gott 
 
 wacht. 
 
 190 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Un' des is es Lied, 
 
 Des singt mir im Gemueth, 
 
 Wann ich an der Dengelstock 
 
 denk, 
 
 Die Kindtheit's Verlange, 
 Sin fur Ewig vergange, 
 S' is mei'm Herz'n recht Ge- 
 
 kraenk. 
 
 'S Dengel-lied hat g'shtoppt ; 
 'S werd nimrne me' gekloppt ; 
 Shtumb mit Host heukt die 
 
 sens am Nascht ; 
 Zu'm dengle hat's ke' Noth' 
 Die liebe Hand is Tod, 
 Ewig Huh von weltliche Last. 
 
 Bal kommt der Vater Zeit, 
 Mit der Sens maeht er die 
 
 Leut 
 
 Von sei'm Feld ; 
 Alles Lewe schneit er ab, 
 Er thut ernte fuer das Grab, 
 Alle Welt. 
 
 Sei' Sens is immer scharf, 
 Weit reicht sei' langer Warff, 
 Trefft er mich ; 
 
 Kommt er Morge, kommt er 
 
 Heut, 
 
 Is er nah, oder is er weit, 
 Trefft er a ich ! 
 
 Ohne Wetz un' ohne Denge! 
 Aller Holm un' aller Stengel, 
 'Uf sei' g'maai; 
 Er maeht fuer Ewigkeit, 
 Alles fallt vor seiner Schneit, 
 In die Laad. 
 
 By Hon. D. B. Brunner, "Goethe -von Berks. 
 DER WASHINGTON UN SI BILE. 
 
 Der Washington war'n gooter boo, 
 We ar en klaner chap war, 
 
 Un hut sich als recht goot behaved 
 Wan ar als by sime pap war. 
 
 Ar hut au alles goot gadoo, 
 We'n schmarter boo als gsut het, 
 
 Ar het ovver doc'h net leya kenna 
 Un warar aw gawut het. 
 
 Ar is amole nous in der hofe, 
 Wos full fon karsha bame war, 
 
 Un hut den shansta baum umghockt 
 Dewile si pap fuon hame war. 
 
 Der karsha baum war sha un frish, 
 
 Hut alia yore gadrawga, 
 Un oh, we sees de karsha ware 
 
 Is gar net do tsoo sawga. 
 
 Dem Washington si gutter fodder 
 
 191 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 ft 
 
 It is not claimed that George Was' ington was a Pennsylvania- 
 German, though he had many of these as trusted beloved associ- 
 ates in camp and council, in field and forum. It was a Penn- 
 sylvania-German publisher who first called Washington " THE 
 FATHER OF HIS COUNTRY ." 
 
 War'n s'hpawrsomer househelter 
 Un hut feel karsiia bame gaplantzt 
 Im hofe un in de felder. 
 
 Es war en ivverouser baum, 
 Net wite ob fon de shier, 
 
 Un selly karsha wara gross 
 Un sheer so rote we fire. 
 
 Now eer wist all dos won de boova 
 En baum full karsha wissa, 
 
 Don greeya se dfun, un won, 
 'Se, se aw s'htala missa. 
 
 Se geva nix um basa hund, 
 
 Eer kent se net lerdesa, 
 Eer kent se aw n-et licht week driva, 
 
 Except eer doot se ghees-a. 
 
 Dart war der George am karsha baum, 
 Mit dinna, lomga nesht, 
 
 192 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 AT hut se net obstiittla kenna, 
 Se wara all tsoo fesht. 
 
 Ar hut de karsha awgagucht, 
 
 Un hut au hova wolla, 
 Der baum war din un tsimlich hoch, 
 
 Un wos hut ar doo solla? 
 
 Now won ar noofgagraddled ware 
 
 Un het sich karsha grickt 
 Un het si hussa y'usht ferissa 
 
 De het si mommy gflickt. 
 
 Un won a orwer gfalla ware, 
 
 Fom gippel oof en shta, 
 Don het der George ferbrecha kenna 
 
 En awrem oder ba. 
 
 Feelleicht ware es aw net gebliva, 
 
 Yusht bym a single knocha, 
 Feelleicht ware es aw schlecter ganga 
 
 Un het si hols ferbrocha. 
 
 Now won des ding so ghappened het 
 
 Un sis uns goot gaglickt 
 Don hetta mir silava ken x 
 
 United iSchtates do gricht. 
 
 Der George hut no den baum um- 
 
 ghockt, 
 
 Un des doot net fergessa, 
 Ar hut en grosser hunger ghot 
 
 Un sich emole sot gessa. 
 Eer wist dos ar forsichtig war, 
 
 Un fon dem beshta shtuff, 
 Un dos ar in der yuchend war 
 
 Er grosser philosuf. 
 No we si pap hame kumma is 
 
 Un we are noch de sheds is 
 Do hut ar aw graud gsana dos 
 
 Dort eippes arrig lets is. 
 Dort hut si karsha baum galega, 
 
 So graud we'n Inshing pile, 
 Un usht en kla shtick ob dort war 
 
 193 
 
PENNSLYVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 >er George mit sinem bile. 
 
 Do lide der honlg karsha baum, 
 
 tMit dem war ich so shtols 
 Un now is ar gor nix may wart 
 
 Except fer kindling hols. 
 
 Si pap war base un hut eem g'sawt 
 
 Kum har my shlimmer boo 
 Do lide my schaner karsha baum 
 
 Husht doo des ding gadoo? 
 
 Der George hut g'sawt "ich hobs gadoo 
 
 Ich kon gawiss net leaya." 
 Un hut gaglawbt ar date desmol 
 
 (Far shure oarfiya greaya. 
 
 Der karsha 'baum, der kreipt mich doch 
 
 Far'n longa, longa wile, 
 Far was hust doo enn nunner ghoekt, 
 
 Mit dime ferrushta bile? 
 
 Der George hut so sime fodder g'sawt 
 "Gra-wd den waig is des kumma 
 
 Ich hob de ox net finna kenna 
 No hov ich's bile ganumma." 
 
 Well, sawgt der fodder tsoo sime 
 George 
 
 "Doo gor ken lite batreaya, 
 Hoch leaver all de karsha bame 
 
 Als yusht ane mon beleaya." 
 
 Der George hut net feel chansa g'hot, 
 
 Eer gross'a boova het. 
 Der George hut gor net leaya kenna, 
 
 Eer kent, doot ovver net. 
 
 From "The Pennsylvania-German" by Dr. Max Hark. 
 
 AN DER FAIR! 
 
 Was der Jake over heit net so grossfuehle dut, 
 In sein'r besht, neue Sonn dag's Suit! 
 'Sis weil er die Kate uf die Fair nemme will, 
 Im neue Waegel'ie un 'em grohe Fuell. 
 
 Die Kate is noch aerger gebutzt as wie er. 
 
 194 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 I<sh wees net wie's gar moeglich waer 
 Mee Feddre un Blumme uf ikr 'Hut zu du; 
 Oder 'n schoeneres Maeche zu finna dazu! 
 
 G'wiss sehnt mer net oft 'n schmert-guckicher Paar 
 As wie des an dem Morge war, 
 
 Wie sie in der Fair-grund nei g'fahre sin 
 
 'S war Donnerstag Morge, so wie ich mich b'sinn. 
 
 Was ware aver schon 'n Lot Mensche dort; 
 
 Un 'n Zucht un Gegris>ch alsfort! 
 
 'S war 'n Huckster un Gamier un allerhand Shows; 
 
 Mer het denke kenne d*er Deivel waer loss! 
 
 Die Ochse hen geblarrt un die Hahne gekraeht; 
 Mer hut sc'hier net g'wist wo mer schteht. 
 Un noh kummt die Band noch un spielt uf 'm Schtand! 
 'S war ewiger Laerm, awer doch war's ah grand. 
 
 Zu erscht hut's die Kate shier-gar bang gemacht; 
 Der Jake awer hut juscht gelacht. 
 "Nemm du juscht mei Hand," sagt der Jake; "un noh 
 Gent's ab zu sehne was zu sehne is doh." 
 
 'N Sackvoll Grundnuss wern g'kauft fer'n Staerd 
 Sie sin wuhl ken fuenf Cent werd 
 An der Fair awer guckt mer net uf die Expense! 
 Un dr Jake fuehlt heit ah so reich 'n Prince. 
 
 Sie steht 'n weil an der Schliffil-muehl 
 Von die Buwe un die Maed sin viel 
 
 195 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Was druf fahre; die Kate awer will 's net du; 
 
 Sie &aegt 's macM sie daermlich, un koscht noch dam. 
 
 Doch iwwer e'weil grickt der Jake sie so weit 
 Enich Maedel werd vers'Chwetzt mit der Zeit 
 Das sie 'n 'gut Dutzend Mol mit em rum g'f ahre is ; 
 Er hut sie fescht g'halte wegem Darmel war's gewiss. 
 
 Noch dem sin sie gange mitnanner die Kueh' 
 Zu begucke, un 's annere Vieh. 
 Von Schof un von Sei, 's nix aberdich zu sell'; 
 Die Geil sin recht gut, un die Hinkel sin schoe. 
 
 Die Kate "bleibt 's laengst beim Hammele steh/ 
 
 Sie toann gar net fert davon geh'. 
 
 Sie streichelt's un schwetzt zu'm; noh schaemt sie slefc 
 
 halb 
 Wie der Jake zu 'hrer saegt, er wot er waer 'n Kalb! 
 
 Ihn suit seller sheokige Hengst es naesht; 
 
 Er saegt er waer eens von de groesht 
 
 In der Welt;, un 's war ah en nraechtiges Dier, 
 
 Zu gross un zu schweer fer viel use, meen ich shier. 
 
 Bei der Zeit nau muss es bal Middag sei; 
 
 So gehne sie in e' Stand nei. 
 
 Wo mer Oyster-stew krickt, mit Crackers un Kraut 
 
 Fer 'n Verdel; un 's schmakt 'ne be*ede ju&cht *bout. 
 
 Nechst bei, fer'm 'e Zeit, jumpt 'n Hansiwersht rum, 
 Un 's spielt e' Jung Weifsmensch die Drum. 
 Sie hen gros.se Bilder uf 's Zelt-duch gepaint 
 Von vilde Kreatur, un was mer drin sehnt. 
 
 "Dort gehne mir nei," saegt der Jake; un sie sin; 
 Awer frog 'hn mol was. sie dort drin 
 Hen g'sehne! 'Es macht en bis heit noch als boes! 
 "En verdult B'scheissereia 's was ich so ebes hes. 
 
 'IS w<ar interresant ah die Races zu seh'! 
 
 Was kemne die Trotter net geh! 
 
 Ebwohl as der Jake mehnt es waer viel im Dreck, 
 
 Un ah net e' wennig im Driver sei Neck. 
 
 Sie stehne so lang dort am Race-grund draus, 
 Es wert ne zu spoot fer in 's Haus 
 Nei zu geh, wo die Store-sache sin, un 's G'naeh, 
 Un Gebaek, un die Jelly, un allerhand meh. 
 
 196 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 As der Jake saeght am bes>hte waer 'a doch net o gut 
 *S -bet aenyhow ihn net so g'suit 
 As es Brodt un der Butter as die Kate selver macht, 
 Un von wellen er 'xpect noch zu esse fer Nacht! 
 
 "Awer 's G'xpecte is net immer 'a Hawe!" saege sie; 
 
 Und er meent as er haet sie noch nie 
 
 So g'gllche 'a wie nau, wie sie 'n a'geguokt hut 
 
 As deht sie ihn froge ob er sie ha we woet! 
 
 Us macht ihn sich dummle zu sharte fer Haem, 
 So 's er g'sehwind't von der Crowd eweck kaem. 
 Bs nemt ah net lang sin sie 'm Waegelche dre,' 
 Un safe uf em Weg noch der Bushkill he. 
 
 Sei Arm hut er somehow nau g'sc'hlippt um sie rum, 
 Un die Kate is of course net so duimm 
 Net zu wisse 's er's duht weil de Owet is kuehl 
 Un es gebt eem jo ah en Art saferes G'fuehl! 
 
 Uf e* mohl no hut er sie g'busst as es kracht, 
 
 Un g*sagt ^un hut laut dazu g'lacht, 
 
 "Es Hawe kummt oft ohne 's G'xpecta fer Maed!"* 
 
 "Des haw ich schom lang awer g'xpeckt!" saegt die Kate. 
 
 Fer en lang Story kerz mache: Vor der naechste Fair 
 War die Kate die Mrs. Jake Lehr! 
 Un der Jake next sie oft, un saegt 's dut ihm leet 
 As er net an die Fair meh kann geh mit die Maed. 
 
 By Rev. A. C. Wuchter, Gilberts, Pa. 
 
 FAHSN^CHT. 
 
 Wor war's doch ols en luscht g'west 
 
 Won's g'hehsa hut die Fahsnacht kummt; 
 M'r hut sich g'freht schun wocha long, 
 
 G'.piffa, g'sunga un g'jumpt. 
 Die Mommy hut em lengscht g'drillt; 
 
 "Now, buhwa, schofft 'n oyer bei, 
 Won's Fahsnacht Kucha gevva soil, 
 
 Doh mis-sa lots fun oyer nei." 
 
 Noh is m'r noch der scheier ob, 
 
 Uff's schtroh un hoi, uff's welschkornlawb, 
 Un g'sucht ebs aryets oyer het 
 
 197 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 M'r war g-ons tzu mit gfrehs un schtawb. 
 (Jn wom'r noh elms g'funna hut, 
 
 Wos hut m'r g'scherrt fer -noch'm hous. 
 "Don, Mommy, is ehns, nemmt's noch men?" 
 
 "Yah, buhwa, schunscht gebt's sure nix drous." 
 
 Sel war g'nunk, der schtaat war oil, 
 
 M'r hut sich recht g'druvvelt noh; 
 Hut's bissel draus g'goxt am schtoll 
 
 Wos is m'r ob un war so froh. 
 
 Was hut m'r net die hahna g'schprengt, 
 Die hinkel wiescht ferschulta ols, 
 
 Un g'fiedert bis sie krep hen g'hot, 
 Gons nehwa drous, so schep om hols. 
 
 Bet's hin-kelfieh so'n eifer g'hot 
 
 Wie unserehns ols g'hotfea hut, 
 iS'het oyer g'hot im ivverfiuss 
 
 Os wie bei'm Pharoh lous un grut. 
 So geht's em evv-a hit ols noch, 
 
 Won ebbes recht om hertz em leit, 
 IDoch is's wie's olt schprichwort sawgt: 
 
 "En gutie soch nemmt immer tzeit." 
 
 Won ols der dawg boll kumma is, 
 Noh hut em yehders noch g'tzerrt; 
 
 "Ich wunner wer die Fahsnacht gebt, 
 Wen's drefft der wert in's seifoss g'schperrt.' 
 
 198 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 M'r hut sich ovver ols g'wehrt, 
 Un's war em doch so holwer bong, 
 
 M'r waer ferleiht der letscht im bett . 
 Noh misst m'r's hehra wocha long. 
 
 Wos hut m'r g'scherrt fer moryets rous, 
 
 So doss m'r net die Fahsnacht waer; 
 'Der Mommy war mohl's ruhfa g'schpaart, 
 
 So frieh war's bett schurn long net lehr. 
 Noh hut m'r ivver die g'lcrcht 
 
 Wuh nix g'duh hen wie g'tzerrt, 
 "Doh kummt die Fahsnacht hinna noh, 
 
 Now wert sie daich in's seifoss g'schperrt." 
 
 Won's brekfescht mohl ferivver war. 
 
 Un oil die arwet ous'm waig, 
 Noh hut die Mommy s'bockboard gricht 
 
 Un holt'n grohser womba daig 
 Un legt'n druff un drickt'n rum 
 
 Un rollt'n in so scheiva ous, 
 Noh hut sie's redd'l hortich gricht 
 
 Un schneit die schenschta kucha rous. 
 
 Bis olles noh recht gonga war 
 
 Dert hinner'm uffa uff der.kischt, 
 War's fett om kocha in der pon, 
 
 M'r hut sich's moul schun obg'wischt. 
 Dert hut sle noh die kucha nei, 
 
 Die sin dert g'schwumma wie die gens, 
 Wos hen sie schehna bocka gricht, 
 
 Gons dunkelbrau mit gehla krens! 
 
 Sie wara scheh, sie wara gute, 
 
 Wos hut's em obbedit gemocht 
 Sie yttscht tzu sehna uff'm disch 
 
 Der bouch der hut em recht g'locht, 
 Of course, die Mommy hut's g'wisst 
 
 Wie hungrich os so buhwa sin, 
 Wos hut sie grosha schissla g'hot, 
 
 Un kucha os wie hoishteck drin. 
 
 Geh week mit denna "fancy cakes" 
 
 Mit 'biss'l rohder tzucker druff, 
 Mit "ruffle-tarts" un "bumblejacks" 
 
 180 schtufft set oil der SiChonshteh nuff. 
 Der schleckerwehsa is nix waert, 
 
 199 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LlTEKATUhE 
 
 Doh is nix drin fun kraft un saft, 
 Des bot mohl nix un helft net meh, 
 Os won der- benny schteht un blofft. 
 
 Wos buhwa war in sel'ra tzeit 
 
 Is lengscht schun ovv.a nous fun hehm, 
 Sie hen sich schehna weiver gricht, 
 
 Wos nemmt's so grosha picture frame! 
 Doch won's amohl ou's bocka geht, 
 
 Do tzieg ich doch die Mommy rous, 
 Sie hut's net gons so fancy g'hot, 
 
 S'wra ovver'n gutie koch im hous. 
 
 Die frah is glei ols uvvadrous 
 
 Won ich -fum kocha ebbes sawg, 
 "S'waer'n dummie notion, sel waer oil, 
 
 Die kocherei waer heittzudawg 
 Yuscht grawd so gute wie sellamohls, 
 
 Der druvvel waer yu&cht mit 'm moul, 
 Der gumma waer em biss'l hart 
 
 En hutchel waer ken olter goul." 
 
 S'mawg sei wie's will, sis net wie's war, 
 
 Ihr olta kerls ihr wesst's tzu gute; 
 So dings fergesst sich net so leicht, 
 
 So ebbes drawgt m'r net im hute. 
 Ach! wom'r olsamohl drah denkt, 
 
 Wie's war in seina yunga yoh, 
 M'r gaebt der beschta goul im schtoll 
 
 For'n woch wie sellamohls, net wohr? 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN SOCIETY BADGE. 
 200 
 
PENNSYLVANIA. GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 From ' Americanish Historie" by Jos. H. Warner, Annville, Pa. 
 DER BILL PENN MACHT EN TREATY. 
 
 E' tag is der English koenig und en kerl mit name Penn 
 ganga gamla uf en geils race. Der Penn hat uf der Schwartz 
 gaul g'wet, und hat g'wonna. Now der koenig war hart uf 
 und hat net bezahla kenna. Der alt Penn is g'schtorva avver 
 in seim willa hat er die schuld zu seim buh, der Bill Penn, fer- 
 macht. Der Bill war net langsam und is ganga es collecta. Der 
 koenig hat decide das weil er ken gelt hat und hat so fiel land 
 drivver in America, gebt er em Penn en schticklie land so das 
 er zufrieda is. 
 
 In 1681 is der Bill Penn rivver kumma un hat sei land uf- 
 g'nomma. Der Bill war en Quaker un die Quakers wora im- 
 mer fer frieda halta. Sie wora gutie leit, oh so gute zu gute 
 zu laeva, so sin sie glei ausg'schtorva so das heit yuscht noch 
 e' paar Quakers in die staat 8in. Der Bill war zu ehrlich fer 
 sei land ton die Insching zu schtaela, so hat er es widder fon 
 i^nen gekauft. Wie er es gekauft hat, hat er en foss XXX 
 quality Jersey applejack grickt und die Insching all eiglauda 
 fer kumma und helfa es drinka und en treaty macha. Sie sin 
 kumma und hen en herrliche zeit g'hat. Die Insching hen der 
 applejack gedrunka weil der Bill die peif g'schmoked hat, und 
 bis ovet hen sie der Bill haem fora missa, avver es land war 
 sie. Er hat es "Em Penn sei bush" g'haesa, oder, in English, 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 201 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 Now wie die babiera all g'fixt wora, war er ready ahead geh 
 mit der bisness. 
 
 In 1682 hat er en staat gebauet und hat es Philadelphia 
 g'haesa. Der name maent "Briederliche Lieb," er hat es so 
 g'nennfc weil yeder bruder sich selvert so lied g'hat das erken 
 zeit g'hat hat die anre brieder zu lieva. Des geht die Phila- 
 delphia leit heit noch nach. 
 
 Fiel anre staet sin glei gebauet worra, und fiel leit sin kum- 
 ma ihra haemet doh macha. Es is so en schoene staat das der 
 Lord Baltimore en schtick dafon schtaela hat wella. Avver 
 der Penn hat net Sound g'schlofa und hat ihn g'fanga und 1766 
 hat er der Mason und Dixon grickt fer en line schpanna tseh- 
 wischa sei land und em Lord Baltimore seins. 
 
 In derer Staat wora drei sorta leit : die Englishe, Deutsche 
 und Scotch-Irishe. Sie sin gute aw kumma, und wora frei Gott 
 zu diena wie sie hen wella, order gar net wann sie so g'fielt hen. 
 
 Freiheit war es haupt ding in derer Staat, und alle sacha im 
 goverment war ferdaelt. Die Euglishe hen all die gute offices 
 g'hat; die Scotch-Irish wora all policemenner, und die Deutsche 
 hen vota kenna avver hen ken office heava kenna. Die leit hen 
 ihra Staat Fersamlung elect und ihra laws g'macht. 
 
 Des is d'r Molly Pitcher era Kruk. Se war 'n Pensylfawnish Deitsh 
 Madel - Mary Ludwig. 
 
 This is Molly Picher's picher. She was a Penusylvania German 
 girl - Mary Ludwig. 
 
 202 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 PENNSILFAWNISH DEITSHA GUW'RNERA 
 
 THE PENNSYLVANIA QERMAN 
 GOVERNORS. 
 
 De menshte b' shreiwinga fun d' guw'rnera do una hut d'r Conrad 
 Gehring, wos de "Kutztown Journal" rousgebt, g'shriwa. 
 
 De hulshnita hut uns d'r Dr. Egle g'lahnt, dar State Librarian, 'n 
 Pensilfawnish deitsher. 
 
 'S werd olaweil orig fel gshput iw'r uns'r pensilfawnish deitsha leit. 
 'S werd ena forg'shmisa, se war'n dum un dat'n niks for laming gewa ; 
 ow'r won so leit yusht de hist'ry fun uns'ra shtat lasa data, don wist'n 
 Be bes'r, for dort drin shtats, dos de shmartshta leit in d'r shtat deitsha 
 pensilfawnier wawra. Fel fun uns' re gow'rnera wawra in era yunga 
 dawga pensilfanish deitsha boura-boowa, de sich durch era agena fleis so 
 huch nuf gshoft hen. For sel zoo beweisa, wil ich de folg'nda 'awfera. 
 
 A great deal of fun is made about our Penna. German people. It is 
 cast up to them that they are ignorant and don't care about education ; 
 but if such people would read the history of our state, they would know 
 better, for history tells us that the smartest people in this state were 
 Penna. Germans. A large number of our governors were Penna. Ger- 
 man farmer boys, who through their own diligence have stepped to high 
 positions. To prove this we will give a few examples. 
 
 SIMON SHNEIDAR. 
 
 G'bora, Nov. 5, 1759. G'shtorwa, Nov. 9, 1819. Im omt fun 1808 
 bis 1817. D'r arsht pensilfawnish deitsh gow'rner. Dar wawr d'r s'o 
 fuma orma shofmon fon Langasht'r. Weil d'r olt mon orm wawr, hut 
 d'r yung chap ken laming krigt, os wos 'r so ous sich selw'rt ufgepikt 
 hut. In shpat'ra yora is 'r nuch Selashted'l gezuga, wo 'r longshkwei'r 
 wawr. Fun sel'r zeit 'aw is 'r ols gshdiga is in de semli gewalt wora 
 un nor'd in 1805 zum guw'rner. Sel omt hut 'r goot f rsana, doe '* 
 drei mol d'rfor gawalt is wora. 
 
 203 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 SIMON SNYDER. 
 
 Born, Nov. 5, 1759. Died, Nov. 9, 1819. Served from 1SY8 to 1817. 
 The first Penna. German governor. He was the son of a poor working 
 man from Lancaster county. The father was poor and his son got no ed- 
 ucation except what he picked up himself. In later years ho moved to 
 Selinsgrove where he was a long time justice of the peace. From that time 
 on he ruse higher, was elected to the Legislature and in 1805 Governor, 
 which office he filled so satisfactorily that he was twice re-elet:ted. 
 
 JO HESHTAR. 
 
 G'bora, Nov 18,1752. S'shtorwa, Juni 10, 1832. Im omt fun 1830 bia 
 5823. D'r neksht pensilfawnish deitsh guw'rner wawr d'rCho' Hesht&r. 
 
 Dar is in Barn tounship, Barks county gebora wora, un ?a in seina 
 yunga yora uf d'r bou'rei hinich '111 ploog nuch ges^iWlt, we 
 
 204 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 on'ra boura-boo. Wint'rs is 'r in de shool gonga un hut sich 'n ordlich 
 gooti laming in deitsh un english 'awgshoft. Don hut 'r una 'awg'fonga 
 un is olgebut 'n shtof'l hach'r g'shdiga wawr farz'a yor semli-mon 
 nn is zuletsht zum guw'rner gawalt wora. Sei omt hut 'r drei yor goot 
 f rsana un fel gedua for sei lond. Nuchdem 'r gshtorw? wawr, is 'r 
 uf m refomirta karchhof in Red'n begrawa wora. 
 
 r JOSEPH HIESTER. 
 
 Born, Nov. 18, 1752. Died, June 10, 1832. In office from 1820 to 
 1823. The next Penna. German governor was Joseph Hiester. He was 
 born in Berne township, in Berks county, and in his youth" worked on 
 the farm like any other farmer boy. During winter he went to school 
 and got a pretty fair education in German and English. Then he began 
 at the bottom and got up step by step. He was in the Legislature 14 years, 
 and was at last elected Governor, which office he held for three years and 
 did a great deal for his state. He is now buried in the Reformed Cemetery, 
 in Reading. 
 
 JON A. SHULZ. 
 
 G'bora om 19 Juli, 1775. G'shtorwa am 18 Nov., 1852. Guw'rner 
 fun 1823 bis 1829. Wawr aw 'n Barks countiar un is in Tulpehoka 
 tounship gabora wora. Sei fot'r wawr 'n predich'r, un d'r yung Shulz 
 kut aw for's bredich-omt g'shudert. 'S arsht hut 'r 'n pawr gamana ID 
 
 Barks counti bedent, ow'r bol hut 'r 's bredicha ufgewa un is in Moy'r- 
 shted'l, in Lebonon counti, in de shtor-bisnis gonga. Fun sel'r zeit aw 
 is 'r 'aw ols hach'r gshdiga wawr in d'r semli un is ini yor 1823 zum 
 guw'rner gawalt wora. Sei omt hut 'r so goot f rsana, dos 'r im yor 
 1826 mit d'r grosa marheit fun 72,000 wid'r neigawalt is wora. 'R 
 wawr sell zeit d'r besht gelarnt guw'rner dos nuch uf 'm shtool wawr. 
 
 JOHN A. SHULZE. 
 
 Born, July 19, 1775. Died, Nov. 18, 1852. Governor from 1823 to 
 1829. Was also a Berks Countian, born in Tulpehocken township. Hia 
 
 205 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 father was a preacher, and he also studied for that profession. He served 
 a few congregations in Berks county, but soon moved to Myerstowu and 
 went into the store business. He was elected to the Assembly and in 
 1823 as governor. He filled the office so well that in 1826 lie was re- 
 elected by 72,000 majority. He was the best educated Governor that 
 Penna. had up to that time. 
 
 -^ 
 
 JORCH WULF. 
 
 G'bora om 12 Augusht, 1777. G'shtorwa om 11 Marts, 1840. Im 
 omt fun 1829 bis 1835. Nuch 'm Shulz is d'r .Torch Wiilf fun Nord- 
 hampt'n counti gawalt wora. Dar hut's aw dorch sei 'agena sliinurt- 
 ichkeit so weit gebrucht, ,dos ' r fun am omt in's on'r kuma is pusht- 
 
 masht'r, counti klark, semli-mon, un so weit'r don is 'r zwa mol in d'r 
 kungres gawalt wora un nuch sel'm zum guw'rner fun Peusilfawui. For 
 gel omt is 'r 'aw zum zwata mol gawalt wora,. 
 
 GEORGE WOLF. 
 
 Born, Aug. 12, 1777. Died, March 11, 1840. Served from 1829 to 
 1835. After Shulz, George Wolf, of Northampton, was elected. He also 
 through his own diligent labors, got to be post-master, county clerk, As- 
 embly, and was twice elected Congressman and then governor of Penna., 
 which office he held two terms. 
 
 JO RITNAR. 
 
 G'bora, om 25 Marts, 1780. G'shtorwa, Oct. 16, 1869. Im omt fun 
 1845 bis 1848. Barks counti gobora un hut sei yunga dawga uf 'ra 
 bouarei zugebrucht. 'R hut sich ols yung'r mon shun orig shmart p;a- 
 wisa un sich selw'r ols hach'r nufgshoft fun am omt in's on'r bis 'r 
 's letsht uf d'r gip'l kuma is un zum guw'rner gawalt is wora. ' Ar hut 
 mit fel wid'rwartigkeita zu fechta ghot, ow'ar 'r hut's gshtand we 'n 
 mon. 
 
 206 
 
DES SHA DOR IS IN EASTON, FUN DA SHUL-KINAR EUR AR FUM 
 GUW'RNER WULF ARIGHT WORA, WEIL AR D'R FOT'R F^UM SHUL 
 WESSA WAWR. 
 
 THIS BEAUTIFUL GATE WAS ERECTED AT EASTON, BY THE 
 SCHOOL CHILDREN IN HONOR OF GOVERNOR WOLF. AS HE WAS 
 THE ORIGINATOR OF OUR SCHOOL SYSTEM. 
 
 207 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GEKMAN LITERATURE 
 
 JOSEPH RITNER. 
 
 Born, March 25, 1780. Died, Oct. 16, 1869. In office from 1835 to 
 1888. Born in Berks county and spent his younger days on a farm. 
 As a youth he showed himself very active, and worked his way up from 
 one position to another, until he was elected governor. He had difficul- 
 ties to contend with, but he met them all like a man. 
 
 FRANS R. SHUNK. 
 
 G'bora om 7 Augusht, 1788. G'shtorwa 12 Juli, 1848. Im omt fun 
 1845 bis 1848. Im yor 1845 is 'n mon zum guw'rner gemocht wora. 
 
 d'r 51 a Pensil fawnish deitsha 'n beishbel sei sut ous dar oorsoch, weil 
 'r zu sein'ra mut' r-shproch gshtikt hut ew'n we 'r in d' hakshta emt'r 
 wawr, uu 'leicht bes'r english gakent hut us moncha, de sick *iglishu 
 
 208 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 hasa des wawr d'r Frans R. Shunk. 'R wawr on d'r Trop in Mon- 
 gomeri counti g-ibora, un wawr 'n guns selbsht-gemocht'r mon. Sei 
 deitsha eUara hut 'r org in ara g'holtaunsoaw sei deitshi mut' rshproch. 
 
 FRANCIS" R. SHUNK. 
 
 Born, Aug. 7, 1788. Died, July 12, 1848. In office from 1845 to 
 1848. In the year 1845 a man was elected governor, who should be an 
 example to all Penna. Germans, because he was never ashamed of his 
 mother tongue even when in high office, and at the same time could speak 
 English better than many others, who call themselves English. Such was 
 Francis R. Shunk. He was born at Trappe, Montgomery county, and 
 was an entirely selfinade man. His German parents he held in honor, 
 as well as his mother tongue. 
 
 JON F. HORTRONFT. 
 
 G'bora om 16 Dezemb'r, 1830. G'shtSrwa, 17 'Oktow'r, 1889. Im 
 omt fun 21 Yenar, 1870 bis 18 YenSr, 1879. Bar Jon Hortronft 
 wawr in Montgomri counti g'bora. 'Ar wawr in seina yunga yora 'n 
 stage driver, un hut aw ols bar g'tend in Norristown. In greks zeita 
 wawr ar 'n brawfer soldawt, un is 'n Gen'ral wora. We d'r grek f er- 
 bei wawr is a,r zwamol Guw'rner wora. 
 
 JOHN F. HARTRANFT. 
 
 Born, December 10, 1830. Died, October 17, 1889. In office from 
 January 21, 1870 to January 18, 1879. John Hartranft was born in 
 Montgomery County. He was a stage driver in his younger years, and 
 also a bar tender in Norristown. He was a valiant soldier in war times, 
 and was promoted to the rank of General. After the war he was twice 
 elected Governor. 
 
 JAMES A. BEWAR. 
 
 G'bora om 21 'Oktow'r, 1837. 'Ar labt nuch. Im omt fun 18 Yenar, 
 1887 bis 20 Yenar, 1891. D'r Gen'ral Bewar is 'n holwar Pensilfawa- 
 
 13a 209 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 The above is a picture of the statue of Maj. Gen. John F. 
 Hartranft, one of Pennsylvania's fighting generals, a Pennsyl- 
 vania German and Governor of Pennsylvania, from 1870 to 
 1879. The statue stands directly in front of the Capitol at 
 Harrisburg, on the west side, facing the Susquehanna River. 
 The location is an ideal one, the finest on Capitol Hill, 
 and the statue can be seen from a great distance. The statue 
 represents Hartranft returning home from war and receiving 
 the plaudits of the people as he rides his war steed. He has 
 saluted with bared bead until the cap hangs bv his side. 
 
 210 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 nish deitsh'r, fun seinar murni bar. 'Ar is 'n gled fun d'r deitsha 
 g'selshoft, un hut de deitsha leb. 'Ar is 'aw 'n 'ahbanig'r soldawt, un 
 hut for de Union g'fuchta, un m'r sin fro en awzuarkena, un denka 
 fd fun 'm. 
 
 JAMES A. BEAVER. 
 
 Born, October 21, 1837. Still living. In office from January 18, 
 1887 till January 20, 1891. General Beaver is half Pennsylvania Ger- 
 man, from his mother's side. He is a member of the German Society, 
 and respects the Germans. He is also a one-legged soldier, and has 
 fought for the Union, and we are pleased to acknowledge him, thinking 
 iighly of him. 
 
 SAMUEL WHITAKER PENNTPACKER. 
 
 Born in Phoenixville, Chester county, April 9th, 1843. Educated in pub- 
 lie and private schools. Entered Yale College, but did not graduate. 
 Taught school one term at Mount Clare, Montgomery county. Served as 
 a member of Company F., Twenty-sixth Emergency Regiment in the War 
 of the Rebellion, which was the first force to meet the Rebels at Gettye- 
 
 211 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 burg. President Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, No. 2, of Phila- 
 delphia. Antiquarian. Elected Governor oi Pennsylvania in 1902. An 
 
 excellent public servant. Although of Pennsylvania German descent 
 does not speak it. Perhaps he has learned it before he got out of office. 
 
 FIRST TROOPS TO RESPOND. 
 
 President Lincoln called for 75,000 troops April 15, 1861. 530 men from 
 the following companies were the first troops in the United States to re- 
 spond : Allen Infantry, of Allentown; Ringgold Light Artillery, of Read, 
 ing; Logan Gaurds, of Lewistown; and Washington Artillery and Nation- 
 al Light Infantry, of Pottsville. 
 
 They reached Harrisburg the same day and Washington, April 18th. 
 Among these were a large numb r of Pennsylvania Germans whose read- 
 iness to sacrifice their all for their country, WAS MANIFESTED IN THIS 
 AND IN ALL OTHER WARS OF OUR COUNTRY'S HISTORY. 
 
 THERE ARE MANY OTHERS. 
 
 There are many other distinguished Pennsylvania Germans, 
 but as this is more particularly a book of instuction, we are 
 obliged to omit many whom we should be glad to mention. 
 
 212 
 
PENNSYLVANIA (iERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 213 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 
 "Lest we forget" 
 
 KOMMENA HOUS MlTTEL PLONSA. 
 Common Plants used as Household Remedies 
 
 Angelica Engelwortsel 
 Aconite Eisakrout 
 Avens 
 
 Benediklin wortsel 
 Birch Berka 
 
 Bittersweet Bittersees 
 BlackAlder Allahecka 
 Blacksnake root 
 
 Schwartsa shlouga 
 wortsel 
 
 Bloodroot Bludwortsel 
 Burdock Glettawortsel 
 Butterflyweed 
 
 Lungakrout 
 Chamomile Kamilla 
 Colt' afoot 
 
 Hosselwortsel 
 Coptis or 
 Gold Thread 
 
 Guldwortsel 
 Dittany Bush ta 
 
 Dogwood Hunshols 
 Dock Holwa Goul 
 
 Elecampane 
 
 Olandswortsel 
 
 Elderflowers 
 
 Huller bleesht 
 
 Fleabane Fla krout 
 
 Feverwort Feverkrout 
 
 Goldenrod (one species 
 
 Rumatis wortsel 
 
 Hawkweed 
 
 Hobbich Krout 
 Harthorne root 
 
 Weisdornawortsel 
 Hoarhound Adorn 
 Horseradish 
 
 Mar reddicb 
 Hydrastis 
 
 Grosa Guldwortsel 
 Indian Physic 
 
 Insha Fissik 
 Indian Turnip 
 
 Aarous Tswive 
 Jewelweed Kalekrout 
 j Juniper Wachhuller 
 ! Liverwort Levverkrout 
 Lungwort Lungakrout 
 Madder Crop 
 
 May Apple Moi Oppel 
 Mint Bolsam ta 
 
 Mullein Wallakrout 
 Parsley Paterli 
 
 Pennyroyal 
 
 Grutta Bolsam 
 Pimpernell Pimpernell 
 Pipsissiwa 
 
 Galewosserkrout 
 Poke root Poke wortsel 
 Rue Rauda 
 
 Sage Solwei 
 
 Saffron Sotfrich 
 
 214 
 
 Sanicle 
 
 Sonnigelwortsel 
 Sarsaparilla Sassafril 
 Sassafras Sassafros 
 Selfheal Halekrout 
 Spearmint Hartskrout 
 Spicewood Pefferhols 
 St.John'swort 
 
 Johanniskrout 
 Stargrass or Colicroot 
 
 Obbiswortsel 
 Stramonium or 
 Thorn apple 
 
 Geilskimmel 
 Kolmus 
 Sweet fern Ra-fawra 
 Tansey Kee-bitters 
 Raforn 
 Thoroughwort or 
 
 Boneset Darrichwoka 
 Thyme Gwendel 
 
 Virginia snake root 
 
 Glana shlougawortsel 
 Wildcherry 
 
 Bitter Karsha 
 or Wildkarsha 
 Wild Ginger 
 
 Wossersuch krout 
 Wormseed 
 
 Warrum krout 
 Wormwood Warmet 
 Yarrow Shofribba 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 TWO PENNSYLVANIA GERMANS, NOT AFRAID TO DE- 
 FEND THEIR PEOPLE, PUBLICLY. 
 
 Hon. Henry Houck, 
 
 g'shbosicha Mon. A comical Man. 
 
 Shul Soop'rintend-r. School Superintendent. 
 
 Like the author of this book [see frontis-page] Dr. M. G. Brumbaugh, 
 Superintendent, Philadelphia Schools, says: "He who has the te- 
 merity to say that the Penna - Germans were ignorant is a Liar." 
 
 215 
 
PENNSYLVANIA. GERMAN LITERATURE 
 
 f A POINTER TO^PEOPLE WHO RIDICULE PENNSYL- 
 VANIA GERMAN. 
 
 From "Stories and Reminiscences" by Ex-Senator, Evan Holben. 
 A bevy of jack a-dandies with fuzzy-wuzzy faces and summer girls 
 with their dresses cut off above, sojourned a few days where the inhabi- 
 tants^were all very highly proficient in the Pennsylvania German tongue, 
 f They|liked the cooking, they relished the victuals, they enjoyed the 
 invigorating atmosphere. In fact, they could stomach all except the lan- 
 guage, which they hated. "Too much Dutch here, there and everywhere," 
 was the common voice. Finally they packed up and went to the depot, 
 where they heard some more Dutch; "too much Dutch," was heard from 
 every one. After they had been snugly seated in the car, two men with 
 dinnerjpails came in talking Pennsylvania German. "Too much Dutch!" 
 was the chorus of the coterie. One of the men said: "My young friends, 
 when you go away from home again, you go to hell, WHERE YOU 
 WON'T HEAR ANY DUTCH". 
 
 
 216 
 
Here Dwelt the Ancestors of the Pennsylvania 
 Germans Two Centuries Ago. 
 
 TftE PALATINATE 
 
 Of THE 
 
 &H/ME 
 
 OlKUHG TH PfKfOO Of 
 rf L AKCf PAL A r/Aff 
 fM/G*A r/OH rv AMfK/CA 
 
 ^ 
 -J 
 
 X 
 
 4. 
 
 <*. 
 
 From "Story of the Pennsylvania German," by William 
 Beidelman, Esq. 
 
 The Valley of the Rhine, is indeed "the Garden of Germany," 
 if not of all Europe. For more than a thousand years, the Rhine was 
 the prize for which the Romans, Gauls and the Germans contended- 
 All of the states shown on map, and parts of Switzerland contributed 
 to the German emmigration to Pennsylvania. All practically spoke 
 the same dialect, which came down from the Alemanni, the beat 
 type of old High German. 
 
 The largest emmigration from the Palatinate was from 1730 
 to 1760. 
 
PART THIRD, 
 
 Pennsylvania German Dictionary. 
 
 Words in Use Among Pennsylvania Germans, 
 
 with English and High German 
 
 Equivalents. 
 
 REMARKS. 
 
 Origin of the Language. It is sometimes taken for granted, 
 bv ignorant persons, that the Pennsylvania Germans have no 
 language of their own, that they speak a patois, that their 
 language is an admixture of English, or that it is Dutch. 
 
 Hence it may not be out of place to give the origin of the 
 language. Martin Luther, in the early part of the sixteenth 
 century, by his Bible translations, hymns and extensive writ- 
 ings in High German, caused that dialect to become the stand- 
 ard language of German literature. 
 
 Hence to this day the High German is employed in literary 
 productions as well as in discourse. But there were also 
 other dialects spoken through all the centuries in different 
 parts of Germany. 
 
 In the southern portion whence the greater part of the 
 Germans who settled in Pennsylvania, came a dialt ct akin 
 to that which prevails in the German counties of Pennsylvania , 
 was spoken, and has continued to be used to a certain extent 
 to this day. 
 
 This is the origin of the Pennsylvania German. It is as old 
 as the High German, possibly older, and frequently more 
 expressive. 
 
 It has never been extensively used in print, because the 
 High German was adopted for this end. 
 
 As a spoken language, however, it has prevailed from time 
 immemorial in the south German dialects. 
 
 The ancestors pf many of the Pennsylvania Germans came 
 from the Palatinate or Pfalz, now included in Baden, Bava'-a 
 and Darmstadt, where a language resembling that of the Penn- 
 sylvania German very closely, is still spoken 
 
 217 
 
In order to show how much the language spoken in the Palatinate, in 
 the section of country from which ruan^ Pennsylvania Germans came, re- 
 sembles the Pennsylvania German, we make the following brief extract 
 from "Palzishe G'schichte," a book written by Franz von Kobell, and 
 published at Munichin in 1808. 
 
 Goost'l is a young lady using the Palatinate dialect. Philip speaks 
 High German. 
 
 Des shtik is do gewa zu baweisa dos se in d'r Pols 'aw so shwetsa, 's 
 we mer do in Peusillawni. 
 
 Goost'l. 'Gen Philip, mit d'm goota Sems'r hob ich de dawg 'n shpos 
 g'hot, des mus ich d'r arzala. x Er hut m'r wid'r fum heirawta forge- 
 bob'lt ; un um 'n los zu wara, sawg ich, a olti baws' de Kot'rent het m'r 
 g'sawcht % won ich heirawta wil, sul ich yu d' farshtond prefa fuh 
 mein'm zookinltiga mon, don won m'r do nit goot zomashtima data, 
 war's niks. D'rnuch'r frocht 'r, we ich don des awfonga wul. Yetst 
 hawb ich g'saWcht, de baws het m'r rats' 1 gaba, de sul ich rota lusa, un 
 5n dem det ich 's kena. un savfg 'm de rats' 1, de hut awch de Kot'rin 
 warklich selb'r gemocht. 
 
 Philip. Noon daw bin ich begerig, awber ich bita dich, zal nicht 
 dorouf, dos ich se herousbringa. 
 
 Goostl. Ei bewawr. Yetst geb ocht. 'S sin drei. Des arshta is, 
 wos is des ? 
 
 Zoo Weisaborg im Dum 
 Do wochst 'n gali blum, 
 Un war de gal blum wil hoba, 
 Dar mus gons Weisaborg farshloga. 
 Gel is hibsh? 
 
 Philip. Yaw, hibsh, ober wer bringt's 'rous? 
 
 Goost'L Des is yo ebe de g'shicht. Sich ! Philip, des is d'r dut'r 
 im ei, washt d'. d'r dut'r is de gal blum un 's on's is Weisaborg. . Yetst 
 geb ocht, des zwata is : 
 
 Won se kuma, so kuma se nit, 
 Un won se nit kuma, so kuma se. 
 
 Philip. X 0ber desa eda, we einem uur so etwos einfolen kon ' 
 Goost'L F'rshtesht d' des sin de toube un de arbsa, won im fre-yor 
 dS tcuba kuma, so kuma de arbsa nit, un won die arbsa kuma, kuma 
 de douba nit. Gel is gons richtig. Un des drita is : Ringsrum bio un 
 in d'r mit 'n kwetshakarn un duch ka kwetsh. Philip sich ! des is a 
 bei'rish'r siildawt, d'r 'n kwetshakarn g'shlukt hut ! 
 
 It also has a number of Swiss and Alsatian characteristics. 
 
 Many of the Pennsylvania German words can be traced 
 back to older roots, and they are often more expressive than 
 their High German synonyms. "Goul," the Pennsylvania 
 German word for "horse," is older and mo*e purely German 
 than k 'Pferd," the High German, which is derived from the 
 Latin veredus ; "Hutsch," colt, and "Hutschli," little colt, 
 from the Suabian "hutschel," "hutschele," Westerwald 
 "husz," Lusatian "huszche," is more purely German and 
 .more expressive than "Fuellen," the High German, which is 
 
 218 
 
derived from the Greek and the Latin. 
 
 "Hutschli" and " hutschla" is an imitation of the sound 
 made by young colts, and, therefore, as that large class of 
 words, which are the oldest in all languages, it must come 
 down from the historic age, when the names of objects were 
 first invented. 
 
 "Homili," little calf, can be traced back through the Swiss 
 "ammeli" and "mammeli" to the language of nature, which 
 gives us "mamma," the labial sound made in imitation of the 
 mother, when the child observes her lips move in talking to 
 it, while she is bending over the cradle, a word common to 
 all languages. 
 
 The Pennsylvania German for "pig," "sou." with its "hus 
 sou" and '\\uts," are stiik ng illustrations of the antiquity of 
 this language, when it is remembered that these words are 
 derived from the sound made in imitation of the pig ; words 
 belonging to the common language of i ature, from which the 
 Latin ".-us," the Gnek us (hus.) the English "sow," the 
 Dutch ":-oe," etc., are derived, "gchwein," the High Ger- 
 man, is of much more recent or'gin, it being a derivative of 
 "sou,' from the Saxon "svin" and "su." The Pennsylvania 
 Gernian "grumbeer," "potato," is much more expressive and 
 original, meanirg a "crooked pear." or "grundbeer," ground 
 pear, ihin the High German "kaitoffel," derived from " erd- 
 apfel," an "artichoke." 
 
 The Pennsylvania German "krop," "crow," "schpel," 
 "pin," "schtraal," "comb," " scbjruwlich." "strubly," 
 "ponhaws," "scrabble," "bewi," "a young chicle '," i4 niul- 
 lakup," "tadpole," "blech," "tin-cup," "botser," "a tailless 
 chicken," "butzuh," "stumpy," are vastly more expressive 
 and original than their English or High German equivalents. 
 
 Our Dictionary. Below we quote from The Pennsylvania 
 German Dialect, a scientific treatment and a commendable 
 work, by Marion Dexter Learned, Ph. D., of the University 
 of Pennsylvania. The following refers to our first edition. 
 This edition contains several hundred more words : 
 
 " There are two approximate!;' complete dictionaries of the 
 P. G. diatect, both published since Prof. Haldeman wrote his 
 'Essay on Pennsylvania Dutch.' Of these two lexicons, that 
 compiled by E. H. Rauch and published in his Pennsylvania 
 Dutch Handbook (P. G.-N. E. and N. E.-P. ,G. ) contains, to 
 quote his own words, 'Schir fir dmisand wordta, biseids a dmi- 
 sand menar BS T?US am ensrlisch gonumma sinn,' thus making 
 an aggregate of about 5000 words. The second of the above 
 mentioned dictionaries is that published by Prof. A. R. Home 
 in his book entitled ^m Horn sei Pennsyfvirnizh Deilxch Budi* 
 (P. G.-N. E. N. H. G.) This is by far the ino&t complete and 
 
 219 
 
dentine lexicon of the jr. G. speecn, and contains 5522 words. 
 In addition to these two dictionaries there are three other in- 
 complete glossaries, one appended by H. L. Fisher to his l g 
 Ylt Maerikhnus mittds in for Schdvtt,' the second to his l Kurz- 
 weil unn Zeitfdrtreib,' 1 the third published by Bailsman, as a 
 t Wortverzeichnws > to Harbaugh's l Hvrfe.' 1 
 
 A word-by-word examination of these glossaries gives the 
 following results : 
 
 P. O. Eng. 
 
 'gm Horn sei Buch, 1 . . 5522 176 
 
 Ranch's 'Handbook/ circa . , . 5000 1000 
 Fisher's <gs ylt Maerikhnus' ' . 2181 63 
 
 '^urzweil unn Zeitfortreib' . . 1983 21 
 
 ^Wortverzeiclmiss' to H.'s 'H-erfe/ 245 176 " 
 
 Spelling and How to Use the Dictionary. A system of or- 
 thography must be adopted, and the spelling made to conform 
 thereto. Numerous details which can not be given here, are 
 to be taken into consideration, and after all the collecting, 
 weighing, sifting and arranging, our work is now presented to 
 the public in this shape. By observing the following direc- 
 tions the plan of the Dictionary and the method of using it 
 may be understood : 
 
 I. Study carefufly the Key of Sounds on page 19. 
 
 2 The words are given in alphabetical order in accordance with their 
 Bound, aw and ei being considered as but one letter, and so on. 
 
 3. Words not found under the letter where they are looked for may be 
 found under one resembling it, as gounti for kounti, county, shduk or 
 shtuk, cane, plant, etc. 
 
 4. Compound words are not given, when the compound word has the 
 game signification as the separate words from which it is formed, as 
 huns-huls, dog-wood. 
 
 5. Words, which are the same in Pennsylvania Germs* v as in English, 
 are omitted, as wotch, watch. 
 
 6. Where words are different in different localities, usually all the 
 different forms in use are given. 
 
 7. Plurals of nouns are not given, except when they are very irregular. 
 Sometimes where the plural is in more general use than the singular, if 
 is given instead of the singular 
 
 8. The vowel of unaccented syllables is usually omitted, as 'n foi en, 
 m'r for mar, etc. 
 
 9. The noun and the verb are, when alike, given as one word * 
 leg, lie. 
 
 10. Diminutives end in li and chi. When a word ending in these syl- 
 lables is not found in the vocabulary, it may be taken for granted to mean 
 a little one of the kind, as seili, or seichi, a little pig. 
 
 II. There are differences of pronunciation of some words, as in some 
 sections of country and by some persons first is pronounced arsht, and 
 by others arsht. In such cases the form in most common use is gener- 
 ally given. 
 
 220 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN GRAMMAR. 
 
 Nouns, pronouns, articles and adjectives have two numbers, singular 
 and plural three genders, masculine, feminine and neuter and four 
 cases, nominative, genitive, dative and accusative. 
 
 NOUNS. 
 
 The plural is form- 
 
 o 
 o 
 ou 
 
 00 
 
 u 
 
 aw 
 u 
 o 
 
 Number The singular and plural as in English. 
 ed as follows : 
 
 1. By a change of sound, as, 
 
 aw to a as, wawrm, werm, worm, worms, 
 o ' e '' ob'l, eb'l, apple, apples. 
 ' e " fog'l, feg'l, bird, birds. 
 
 a ' boga, baga, bow, bowg. 
 
 ei ' mous, meis, mouse, mice. 
 
 e ' foos, fes, foot, feet. 
 
 i ' nus, nis, nut, nuts. 
 
 a ' bawm, bam. tree, trees. 
 
 e ' shduk, shdek, cane, canes 
 
 a ' shorts, sharts, apron, aprons. 
 
 2. By adding a to the singular, as mensu, mensba, man, men. 
 
 3. By changing the final letter to wa, or adding wa, as lab, lawa, lion, 
 lions, boo, boowa, boy, boys. 
 
 4. By changing or dropping the final letter, and adding 'r, as kind, 
 kin'r, child, children, weib, weiw'r. wife, wives 
 
 5 By changing the vowel to e and aiding 'r, with or without dropping 
 the final letter, as doch, deeti'r, roof, roofs, huls, hels'r, stick, 
 sticks, lond, len'r, land, lands 
 
 6. By simply adding 'r, as licht, licht'r, light, lights, oi, oi'r, egg, 
 eggs. 
 
 7. By changing ou to ei, and adding 'r, hous, heis'r, house, houses. 
 
 8. By adding s, as Iran, trans, train, trains. 
 
 9. By changing i to en, as ketsli, ketslen, little cat, little cats. 
 
 10. By changing aw to a and the final letter to w'r, grawb, graw'r, 
 
 grave, graves. 
 
 Gender -This is determined by the definite article, dar denoting the 
 masculine, de, the feminine and des the neuter. Sex is not always an 
 indication the gender. 
 
 Case All the cases are like the nominative. 
 
 PRONOUNS. 
 
 Declined in all the Persons, Numbers and Genders. 
 PERSONAL. 
 
 first Person. 
 
 SINGULAR, PLURAL, 
 
 Nominative, Ich, /. Mir,m'r, we, 
 
 mir, m r, 
 
 to me, 
 
 Accusative, mich, me, uns, us. 
 
 Datlve ' romeT ' un8 ' to "*> 
 
 Second Person 
 
 SINGULAR, PLURAL, 
 
 Nominative, Doo, you, Er', 'r, yoj, 
 Genitive, dei, your, eir, your, 
 
 Q .. dir, d'r, eich, ich, 
 
 to you, to you, 
 
 Accusative, dich, you, eich, you. 
 
 221 
 
SING 
 
 
 
 
 
 PLUR. 
 
 
 SING 
 
 
 PLUR. 
 
 
 
 Thi 
 
 rd 
 
 Person 
 
 
 
 er, 
 
 era, her 
 
 
 Masculine. 
 
 G. 
 
 or 
 
 hers, 
 
 
 N. 'Ar 
 
 ' r 
 
 . he 
 
 , 
 
 Se 
 
 , they, 
 
 D. 
 
 era 
 
 , 'ra, to her, 
 
 
 G. sei, 
 
 hits 
 
 , 
 
 
 era, their, 
 
 A. 
 
 se, 
 
 her, 
 
 
 D, em 
 
 'm 
 
 , to 
 
 ,. ena, 'na, 
 him, . , 
 to them, 
 
 N 
 
 'Es 
 
 Neuter. 
 
 , 's, its, (same 
 
 as above) 
 
 A' en> 
 
 'n, 
 
 him 
 
 , 
 
 se, 
 
 them. 
 
 G. 
 
 sei, 
 
 its, 
 
 
 Feminine, 
 
 D. 
 
 'm, 
 
 to it, 
 
 
 N. Se, 
 
 she 
 
 
 
 (same 
 
 as above) 
 
 A. 
 
 's, 
 
 it, 
 
 
 DEMONSTRATIVE, this. 
 
 SING. PLUR. 
 
 Mas. Fern. Neut. M. F, N. 
 N. Dar, De, DSs, De, 
 
 Q dem sei dem sei 
 
 dara er dena era 
 
 D dem, dara, dem, dena, 
 A. den. de deg, de. 
 
 DEMONSTRATIVE, that. 
 
 SING. PLUR. 
 
 Mas. Fern. Neut, M. F. N. 
 
 N. Se 'r, Seli, Sei, Seli, 
 
 G. 
 
 sel'm sei 
 
 sei' m sei 
 
 seTreri 
 
 selaera 
 
 D. sel'm, selra, sel'm sela, 
 A. sel'r, seli, sei. seli, 
 
 INDETERMINATE, one. 
 SING. 
 N. M'r, 
 
 G. 
 
 D. sich, 
 A. 'm. 
 
 INTERROGATIVES, wAo, which. 
 
 SING. PLUR. 
 
 Mas. Fern. Neut. M.F.N. 
 N. War, Well, Wei, War,weli, 
 
 G. 
 
 wemsei, 
 
 wemsei, 
 
 welera er wela er 
 
 D. wetn, welera, wel'm, wela, 
 A. wen, well, wel, well. 
 
 The interrogative what is wos 
 throughout. 
 
 THE ARTICLE. 
 
 THE INDEFINITE, a OF an. 
 
 SING. 
 
 Mas. Fern. Neut. 
 
 N. ; N, a, 'N, 'N, 
 
 0. 'ma, to a, 'ra, 
 A. 'n, a, 'n' 
 
 ma, 
 'n. 
 
 THE DEFINITE, the. 
 
 SING PTUR. 
 
 Mas, Fm. Neut. M. F. A. 
 
 N.D'r.fAe, De, 'S, De, 
 
 G. 'msei, d'rers, 'msei d'era, 
 D. 'm, to the, d'r, 'm, d', 
 A. d'r, the, de, 's de 
 
 222 
 
ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Adjectives agree with their nouns in in gender, number and case. 
 The predicate adjective but seldom has a case, gender or number term- 
 ination, as d'r mon is gros, de fraw is gros, 's kiud is gros, se sin ola 
 drei gros. 
 
 Adjectives are declined like definite article, in the nominative and ac- 
 cusative. 
 
 PLTTR. 
 
 M . F. y. 
 Grose, 
 gros a, 
 gros a, 
 grose. 
 
 It would be impossible to give all the different terminations of ad- 
 jectives. 
 
 SING. 
 
 
 
 Mas. 
 
 jpvm. 
 
 Neut. 
 
 N. Gros'r 
 
 Grose, 
 
 Gros, 
 
 G. grosa sei, 
 
 grosa, 
 
 grosa, 
 
 D. grosa, 
 
 grosa,,. 
 
 grosa, 
 
 A. gros'r, 
 
 grose, 
 
 gros, 
 
 THE VERB. 
 
 Verbs are to be looked for in the imperative or infinitive mood, which 
 is the root. 
 
 The perfect participles are not given except in cases of irregular verbs. 
 It must be remembered that g' before a verb denotes the perfect part- 
 iciple. 
 
 It would be impossible to give to all the forms of a verb in the different 
 tenses, numbers and persons. 
 
 Shlog, Strike. 
 INDICATIVE MOOD. 
 
 Present Tense. 
 SING. 
 
 1. Ich shlog, 1. M'r 
 
 2. doo sblechst, 2. er sblopa, 
 
 3. ar shlecht, 3. se shloga. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 (Never used.) 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 1. Ich bob g'shlosra, 1. M'r hen g'shloga, 
 
 2. doo bushr g'shioga, 2. er het g'shloga, 
 
 3. ar hut g'shloga, 3. se hen g'shloga. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 1. Ich hob g'shloga g'hot, 1. M'r hen g'shloga. g'hot, 
 
 2. doo busht g'shloga g'hot, 2. er hen g'shloga g'hot, 
 
 3. ar hut g'shloga g'hot, 3. se hen g'shloga g'hot. 
 
 First Future. 
 
 1. Ich war shloga, 1. M'r wara sbloga, 
 
 2. doo warsht sbloga, 2. er wara shloga, 
 
 3. ar wart shloga, 3. se wara shloga. 
 
 Second Futu>e. 
 1. Ich war g'shloga howa, 1. M'r wara g'shloga howa, 
 
 223 
 
2. doo warsht g'shloga howa, 2. er ward g'shloga howa, 
 
 3. ar ward g'shloga howa, 3. se wara g'shloga howa. 
 
 POTENTIAL MOOD. 
 Present. 
 
 SING. PLUR. 
 
 1. Ich mog shloga, 1. Se maga shloga 
 
 2. dco mogst shloga, etc., 2. er mecht shloga etc., 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 1. Ich mecht shloga, 1. M'r mechta shloga, 
 
 2. doo mechsht shloga, 2. er mechta shloga, 
 
 3. ar mecht shloga, 3. se mechta shloga. 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 1. Ich m5g g'shloga howa, 1. M'r maga g'shloga howa, 
 
 2. doo m5gst g'shlogii howa, etc., 2. er maga, etc., 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 1. Ich mecht g'shloga howa, 1. M'r mechta g'shloga howa, 
 
 2. doo mechst, etc., 2. er mecht g'shloga howa, etc 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
 Present. 
 
 1. Won ich shlog, 1. won m'r shloga, 
 
 2. won doo shlogst, 2. won er shloga, 
 
 3. won ar shlogt, 3. won se shloga. 
 
 Imperfect, 
 
 1. Won ich^shloga war, etc. 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 2. Won ich g'shloga hob, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 2. Won ich g'shloga het. 
 
 IMPERATIVE MOOD. 
 
 SING. 
 
 .2. Shlog, or shlog doo, 2. Shlogt, or shlogt er. 
 
 INFINITIVE MOOD. 
 Present. Perfect. 
 
 Zu shloga. G'shloga zu howa. 
 
 PARTICIPLES. 
 Perfect. 
 
 G'shloga. 
 
 PASSIVE VERBS. 
 
 INDICATIVE MOOD. 
 Present. Imperfect. 
 
 Ich bin g'shloga, etc Ich wawr g'shloga, etc. 
 
 Perfect. Pluperfect, 
 
 Ich bin g'shloga wora, etc. Ich wawr g'shloga g'west, etc. 
 
 224 
 
First Future. Second Future. 
 
 Ich war g'shloga, etc. Ich war g'shloga, wara, etc 
 
 POTENTIAL MOOD. 
 
 Present. Imperfect, 
 
 Ich kon g'shloga wara, etc. Ich kent g'shloga wara, etc. 
 
 'Perfect. Pluperfect. 
 
 Ich kon g'shloga wora sei, etc. Ich kent g'shloga wora sei, etc. 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
 
 Present. Imperfect. 
 
 Won ich g'shloga war, etc. Won ich g'shloga war wora, etc. 
 
 IMPERATIVE MOOD. 
 
 War g'shloga. 
 
 INFINITIVE MOOD. 
 Present. Perfect. 
 
 G'shloga za sei. G'shloga g'west zu sei. 
 
 PARTICIPAL. 
 
 (Not used,) 
 
 Dar do hut g'shloga un sel'r shlecht. 
 This one has struck and that one strikes 
 
 Ar is g'shloga wora. 
 He has been struck. 
 
 Se ward g'shloga. 
 She is struck 
 
 14a 
 
 225 
 
PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN DICTIONARY. 
 
 WITH ENGLISH AND HIGH GERMAN EQUIVALENTS. 
 
 Remember that all words are spelled strictly in accordance with their 
 founds. Compound words are not given, when the compound word has the 
 tame signification as the separate words. Words are not given which are the 
 tame in Pennsylvania German as in English. 
 
 99" Aw is regarded as a single letter. 
 
 a, one, eins 
 
 aarmich, one-armed, einarmig 
 
 Ab, Abraham, Abraham 
 
 Abi, little Abraham, Abraham chen 
 
 acha, oak; eiche 
 
 achharncha, achhaws, squirrel, 
 eichhoernchen 
 
 ach'l, acorn, eichel 
 
 ad, oath, eid 
 
 adl'r, more noble, edler 
 
 adorn, hoarhound, andorn 
 
 aw, also, auch 
 
 awbafola, enjoined, requested, 
 anbefohlen 
 
 awbalonga, to relate, to be con- 
 cerned, to belong, anbelangen 
 
 awbandmol, the Lord's Supper, 
 communion, abendmahl 
 
 awbata, to worship, adore, anbeten 
 
 awbatungswartich, adorable, an- 
 betungswuerdig 
 
 aw, ba, za, a, b, c, a, b, c 
 
 awbeda, to offer, to make a first bid, 
 anbieten 
 
 awbeding, offer, angebot 
 
 awbeisa, to bite into, anbeissen 
 
 awbina, to tie fast, anbinden 
 
 awblik, aspect, sight, anblick 
 
 awblika, io view, anblicken 
 
 awblinsla, to blink or wink at, an- 
 
 blinzeln 
 awblosa, to blow upon, start by 
 
 blowing, anblasen 
 awbora, to tap or bore, anbohren 
 awbordich, particularly, insbeson- 
 
 dere 
 awbosa, to fit, succeed in cheating, 
 
 anpassen 
 
 awbrea, to scald, to steep, anbruehen 
 awbrena, to scorch, anbrennen 
 awbruch, the break of day, anbruch 
 awbruina, to growl at, anbrummen 
 awdara, arteries, to dry fast, adern, 
 
 andoerren 
 
 awdechtich, attentive, andaechtig 
 awdeita, to signify, to hint, andeuten 
 awdenka, remembrance, memento, 
 
 keepsake, andenken 
 awdlar, eagle, adler 
 awdocht, attention, andacht 
 awdraa, to turn on, andrehen 
 awdrefa, to meet, antreffen 
 awdreiwa, to start driving, to urge, 
 
 antreiben 
 awfarchda, to plow furrows through 
 
 a field for direction, furchen 
 awfartroua, to entrust, anvertrauen 
 awfawra,to drive ahead, Toranfahren 
 awf echta, to attack, to quarrel, t* 
 
 fight, anfeoJiten 
 
 226 
 
awfedara, to improve by good feed- 
 
 iDg, anfuettern 
 
 awfeichda, to moisten, anfeuehten 
 awfeila, to file part, anfeilen 
 awfeira, to light, to set on fire, to 
 
 inspire, anfeuern 
 
 airfela, to feel at, to touch, anfuehlen 
 awfenger, beginner, anfaenger 
 avrfera, to disappoint, to lead, an- 
 
 fuehren 
 
 awfila, to fill, anfuellen 
 awfing'ra, to touch, to handle, be- 
 
 fingern 
 
 airfita, to fit, anpassen 
 awfiika, to patch on, anflicken 
 awfola, to fall upon, assail, anfallen 
 awfong, beginning, anfang 
 awfonga, to begin, anfangen 
 awfongs, at first, beginning, zuerst, 
 
 anfangend 
 
 awfoula, to begin to rot, anfaulen 
 awfresa, to gnaw at, anfressen 
 ag, harrow, egge 
 
 ag-a, own, -to harrow, eigen, eggen 
 wg, eye, auge 
 
 awgablik, moment, augenblick 
 awgabliklich, momentarily, augen- 
 
 blicklich 
 awgablosa, blown upon, started by 
 
 blowing, angeblasen 
 vwgabora, innate, hereditary, intui- 
 tive, angeboren 
 
 awgabroa, eyebrows, augenbrauen 
 awg-abud, first bid, angebot 
 awgadek'l, eyelid, augenlid 
 avrgaduktur, oculist, augenarzt 
 aivgagukt, looked at, angesehen 
 awgaheiil'l, cataract of the eye, staar 
 awgahor, eyelash, augenwimper 
 airgalega, care or concern for, an- 
 
 gelegen 
 awgalusht, eyes' delight, made 
 
 agreeable, augenlust 
 awganam, agreeable, delightful, an- 
 
 genehm 
 
 awgaob'l, pupil of eye, augenapfel 
 awgasicht, face, angesicht 
 afeldich, foolish, queer, ignorant, 
 
 einfaeltig 
 
 Afei^galish, Evangelical, Evangelisch 
 g^sinish, self-willed, stubborn, 
 
 eigensinnig 
 
 awklawa 
 
 awgashtelt, appointed, angestellt 
 awgawana, accustom, to form a 
 
 habit, angewoehnen 
 awgawanet, habit, gewohnheit 
 awgawoksa, liver grown, ange- 
 
 wachsen 
 
 awg'bor'd, bored part, angebohrt 
 awg'brucha, opened, angebrochen 
 awg'buda, oflFered, angeboten 
 awg'buna, tied fast, angebunden 
 awgewa, to suggest, to lodge infor- 
 mation, angeben 
 
 awg'ferd, disappointed, angefuehrt 
 awg'fid, fitted on, angepasst 
 awg'fonga, begun, angefangen 
 awg'fould, rotten part, angefault 
 awg'horcht, minded, angehorcht 
 awg'legd, commenced, angelegt 
 agna, to own, besitzen 
 agnar, owner, besitzer 
 ahnlich, assimilate, alike, aehnlich 
 awg'niima, accepted, engaged, sup- 
 posed, angenommen 
 awgreifa, to gra,p hold, to attack, 
 
 angreifen 
 
 awgrif, attack, angriff 
 awg'risa, torn into, part used, an- 
 
 gerissen 
 
 awg'roofa. called upon, angerufen 
 awg'rushd. rusted part, augerostet 
 awg'set'ld, first settled, angesiedelt 
 awg'shlusa, joined, angeschlossen 
 awg'shusa, announced by firing 
 
 guns, angeschossen 
 awg'shmerd, cheated, betrogen 
 awg'shold, acquired, angeschaffit 
 awg'shpeld, fastened with a pin, 
 
 befestigt mit einer stecknadel 
 awhara, to listen to, anhoeren 
 awhawa, to lift, anheben 
 awliengar, adherer, follower, an- 
 
 haenger 
 
 awholta, persevere, stop, anhalten 
 awhorcha, to listen to, to consent, 
 
 zuhorchen, anhorchen 
 akel, distate, ekel [ekelhaftigkeit 
 akelhefdickkeid, loathsomeness, 
 awkemling, new-comer, ankoemm 
 
 ling 
 
 awketa, to chain fast, anketten 
 awklawa, to paste on, to stick to, 
 ankleben 
 
 227 
 
awkindichii 
 
 awkindicha, to announce, notify, 
 
 ankuendigen [den 
 
 awklada, to dress, to clothe, anklei- 
 awklawga, to accuse, anklagen 
 awkneba, to button on, anknoepfen 
 awkniba, to tie on, anknuepfen 
 awkuma, to arrive, to prosper, an- 
 
 kommen, erfolg haben 
 al, oil, oel 
 
 ala, to oil, lubricate, einoelen 
 awlaga, to lay on, to invest, to start, 
 
 anlegen 
 
 awlega, solicitation, anliegen 
 alaheka, alderbrush, flieder- 
 
 strauch 
 
 alawatar, elevator, aufzug-maschine 
 alduch, oilcloth, oeltuch, wachstuch 
 alend, trouble, misery, elend 
 alendichj poorly, miserable, elend 
 aletsich, singly, einzelri 
 awlunga, to arrive, anlangen 
 alshta, oilstone, oelstein [ben 
 
 awlusa, to let on, to pretend, vorge- 
 awmaa, to begin mowing, anmaehen 
 amar, bucket, eimer [grift 
 
 amarhenk, bucket-handle, eimer- 
 amarraf, bucket hoop, eimerband 
 awmen, amen, amen 
 awmet, second crop of hay, after 
 
 math, nachmahd 
 awmet mocha, secure second crop of 
 
 hay, nachmahd machen 
 awmocha, to start mixing, to get 
 
 one's graces or affections, an- 
 maehen, sich anmaehen 
 amol, once, einmal 
 awnaa, to sew on, annaehen [men- 
 awnama, to accept, receive, arineh- 
 anar, one, einer [dern 
 
 anara, to alter, to change, veraen- 
 awneda, to rivet to, annieten 
 anich, agreed, einig 
 anich epar, any one, jedermann 
 awnogla, to nail on, annageln 
 awplonsa, to begin to plant, an- 
 
 pflanzen 
 awpoka, to lay hold violently, or 
 
 grasp roughly, anpacken 
 ar, honor, eye of a needle, ehre, 
 
 nadeloehr 
 ar, he, er 
 ar, head of grain, aehre 
 
 &r'npreis 
 
 areta, to save, to rescue, erretten 
 aufslog, lapel, aufschlag 
 awrada, to address, anreden 
 awragS, 10 (^ouch, anregen [blume 
 awrawn, Indian turnip, aran, aerons 
 arbar, strawberry, erdbeere 
 arblika, to see, erblicken 
 arblos, childless, kinderlos 
 arbs, pea, erbse [schaft 
 
 arbshoft, inheritance, legacy, erb- 
 ard, earth, erde 
 arda, earthen, irden 
 ardbabung, earthquake, erdbeben 
 ardfla, plant-lice, erdfloehe 
 ardgeishVgnome, erdgeist, kobold 
 ardlicht, ignis fatuus, jack o' lan- 
 tern, irrlicht 
 
 ardobl, artichoke, erdapfel 
 ardshula, glebe, clod, erdscholle 
 ardshwom, mushroom, schwamm, 
 
 pilz [heften, anreihi 
 
 awreia, to baste, to fall in rank, 
 awreisa, to take part of a whole for 
 
 use, anreissen 
 
 awreiwa, to rub against, anreiben 
 awrera, to touch, anruehren 
 arfawrung, experience, erfahrung 
 arfindung, invention, erfindung 
 arfreia, make glad, erfretien 
 iirfrish, refresh, erfrischen 
 arfrishung, recreation, refreshing, 
 
 erfrischung 
 
 argreif, seize, ergreifen 
 arha, exalt, erhoehen 
 Tirhola, recover, erholen 
 arholt, support, preserve, erhalten 
 awrichta, to stir up, cause, to put 
 
 dinner on the table, anrichten 
 awricht-dish, dresser, a kitchen 
 
 table for dishes, kuechen-tisch 
 arin'ra, to recollect, remember, er- 
 
 innern 
 
 arkena, to recognize, erkenneii 
 arias, save, erloesen 
 a>I\wb, grant, allow, erlauben 
 arlawbnis, permission, erlaubniss 
 arlong, reach, attain, erlangen 
 arlos, remit, erlassen 
 armel, sleeve, aermel 
 armlich, poorly, aermlich 
 armawna, exhort, ermahnen 
 ar'npreis, speedwell, ehrenpreii 
 
 228 
 
&rn 
 
 ira, harvest, ernte [naehren 
 
 arnara, to maintain, to subsist, er- 
 arnedricha, to humble, to put down, 
 
 erniedrigen 
 arnfeld, harvest field, grain field, 
 
 kornfeld [erutefest 
 
 arnkarch, harvest home service, 
 arnsht, earnest, ernst 
 arkwik, refresh, erquicken 
 arkwik ung, recreation, refreshing, 
 
 erquickung [drils, anranken 
 
 awrunka, to fasten by means of ten- 
 awrool'a, to call to or on, anrufen 
 arshola, created, to create, erschaf- 
 
 fen 
 
 arsht, first, zuerst, der erste 
 arshtouna. to be surprised, to won- 
 der, erstaunen 
 
 arshtounlich , surp rising, erstaunlich 
 awrushta, to become immovable by 
 
 rusting, einrosten 
 arwa, heir, erbe 
 arwet, labor, arbeit 
 aryara, to vex, to irritate, aergern 
 aryarlich, vexatious, provoking, 
 
 irate, aergerlich [gerniss 
 
 aryarnis, vexation, irritation, aer- 
 awsafa,, to soap, einseifen 
 awsanlich, handsome, respectable, 
 
 considerable, anschulich 
 awsawga, to notify, to announce, to 
 
 bring word, ansageu [zen 
 
 awsedsa, to start, set to rise, anset- 
 aseidich, one sided, einseitig 
 aseidich kubwa, megrim, migraine 
 awsbala, to commence peeling, an- 
 
 schaelen [anschein 
 
 awshein, appearance, probability, 
 awshika, to behave, to make ready, 
 
 sich anschicken [gen 
 
 awshloga, to nail on, to post,anschla- 
 awshmachla, to coax by flattering, 
 
 ein sclimeicheln 
 awshnora, to snap, to scold, to 
 
 speak roughly, anschnarren 
 awshofa, to provide, to gain, an- 
 
 schaffen [vorschuhen 
 
 awshooa, to fix boots to new vamps, 
 awshoua, to look at, to view, to be- 
 hold, anschauen 
 awshplita, to begin to split, to split 
 
 a little, anspalten 
 
 awshpona, to put horses to, to 
 
 to compel one, anspannen 
 awshpritsa, to besprinkle, to squirt 
 
 at, to splash, bespritzen 
 awshpruch, demand, claim, appli- 
 cation, anspruch 
 
 awshprung, a short run before leap- 
 ing, ansprung [ben 
 awshrouwa, to screw fast, anschmu- 
 awshtaa, to like, to delay, anstehen 
 awshtawla, to put a new steel edge 
 
 to tools, anstaehlen 
 awshtek'ndkronkhet, contagious, 
 ansteckende krankheit [anstellen 
 awshtela, to do damage, to appoint, 
 awsbtifda, instigate, anstiften 
 awshtifdar, instigator, anstifter 
 awshtosa, to join, as land, etc., an- 
 
 stossen 
 
 awshtreicha, to paint, anstreichen 
 awshtreichar, painter, anstreicher 
 awshtreich - pens' 1, paint - brush, 
 
 pinsel 
 
 awshtrika, to knit on, anstricken 
 as'l, ass, esel [fen 
 
 awsouf a, to start in a drunk, ansau- 
 awa, even, level, eben 
 aweil, meanwhile, einstweilen 
 awweisa, to instruct, to show, to 
 
 direct, anweisen 
 awwikla, to roll to, to connect with 
 
 a reel, aufwickeln 
 awich, eternal, ever, ewig 
 awichkeid, eternity, ewigkeit 
 awich rudsar, glanders, rotz 
 awwoksa, to be joined by growth, 
 
 liver grown, anwachsen 
 awzacha, token, sign, anzeichen 
 
 B 
 
 b'a, be, a prefix equivalent to the 
 
 english profix,,be", be 
 ba, leg, legs, bein, beine 
 baa, to toast, roesten [digen 
 
 baardicha, to bury, begraben, beer- 
 bad, both, beide 
 bada, to pray, beten 
 bad-dog, thanksgiving-day, fast day, 
 
 buss- und bettag [fen 
 
 badarfa, to want, to need, beduer- 
 badarfdich, poor, in want, indigent, 
 
 beduerftig 
 
 229 
 
'badarfnis, necessity, craving of na- 
 ture, beduerfniss 
 'badeiariich, pitiable, bedauerlich 
 badeita, mean, signify, bedeuten 
 badeitung, signification, bedeutung 
 badingung, condition, terms, be- 
 
 dingung / 
 
 bado, small flat-bottomed boat, kahn 
 badonka, to thank, bedanken 
 badoura, to regret, pity, commise- 
 rate, bedauern [tragen 
 badrawga, behavior, conduct, be- 
 badrebd, sad, sorrowful, betruebt 
 badreklich, deceptive, betrueglich 
 badreya, cheat, deceive, betruegen 
 badreyarei, cheating, roguery, be- 
 truegerei [betrachten 
 badrochda, to view, to contemplate, 
 badruk, fraud, deceit, betrug 
 badshlar, an unmarried man, alte 
 
 junggesell 
 
 badsh, chub, barsch [fehl 
 
 bafal, command, order, charge, be- 
 bafala, to command, to bid, to or- 
 der, befehlen 
 bafredicha, to satisfy, to discharge, 
 
 a debt, befriedigen 
 bafredichung, satisfaction, content- 
 ment, befriedigung [freien 
 bafreia, to free, deliver, rescue, be- 
 bafreiuno 1 , deliverance, rescue, re- 
 lease, discharge, exoneration, be- 
 freiung 
 
 bagagiia, to meet, begegnen 
 bagar, desire, request, begehren 
 bagara. to desire, wish demand, be- 
 gehren [begehrlich 
 bagerich. desirous, eager, greedy, 
 bagerichket, greediness, eagerness, 
 begehrlichkeit [begin, anfang 
 bagin, beginning, origin, proceeding 
 bagnawdicha, to pardon, to favor, 
 
 to grant favor, begnadigen 
 
 bagnawdichung, pardon, begnadig- 
 
 ung [behaupten 
 
 bahawpta, to assert, to maintaain, 
 
 batmrzicha, to take to heart, beher- 
 
 zigen 
 
 bal, bail, security, buergschaft 
 balona, to reward, compensate, be- 
 lohnen [lohnung 
 
 balonung, reward, compensation, be- 
 
 b'dgka 
 
 bam, trees, baeume [bemerfccm 
 
 bamarka, to remark, to take heed, 
 banena, to give a name, benennen 
 banenung,denornination,benennung 
 baondworda, to give an answer to 
 
 a question, beantworten 
 baomt'r, occupant of an office, of- 
 ficer, beamter 
 bakwam, convenient, fitting easy, 
 
 comfortable, bequem 
 bar, bear, baer 
 
 bar, pear, birne [solved , bereit 
 
 bareit, ready, prompt, prepared, re- 
 bardzl, the termination of the spine, 
 hintere [nowned, beruehmt 
 
 baremd, famous, celebrated, re- 
 hilrg, mountain, hill, berg 
 bargich, mountainous, hilly, bergig 
 bargnun'r, down the hillside, berg- 
 
 hinunter 
 
 bargplug, hillsideplow, bergpflug 
 bariclit, report, H mount, bericht 
 barichta, to report, to inform of, be- 
 barka, birch, birke [richten 
 
 barlfos, barrel, fass [perpendikd 
 barmadik'l, pendulum of a clock, 
 baroushend, intoxicating, berau- 
 
 schend 
 
 barshd, brush, buerste 
 barsdcla, bristles, borsten 
 bas, cross, in anger, boes 
 basding, felon, whitlow, finger-go- 
 basem, broom, besen [schwuer 
 
 basina, to consider, besinnen 
 bas'l, aunty, base, tante 
 bawawra, to keep, to guard, to pre- 
 serve, bewahren 
 
 bawm5cha, to open the drifted snow 
 for passage, bahnmachen [den 
 bawda, to wade, to bathe, waten, ba- 
 bawm, tree, baum 
 bawmmes'r, pruninghook, hippe 
 bawona, ar, inhabit, inhabitant, be- 
 
 wohnen, einwohner 
 bawr, (geld) cash, baar geld 
 bawrit, haymow, heustall 
 bawrd, becird, chin, bart, kinn 
 bawrfesich, bare footed, barfuessig 
 bawwul, cotton, baum wolle 
 bazark. district, circuit, bezirk 
 b'deitung, signification, importance, 
 b'deka, to cover, bedecken 
 
 230 
 
b'deita 
 
 b 1 delta, to signify, to give, to un- 
 derstand, bedeuten [bedeutung 
 b'dena, to serve, attend, to fill an 
 
 office, bedienen 
 
 b'denar, servant, waiter, diener 
 b'denka, to consider, remember, be- 
 denken [anger, bedenklich 
 
 b'denklich, dubious, fraught with 
 b'denung, office, bedienung 
 b'dinga, to manure, misten 
 b'drefa, to concern, afflict, betreffen 
 b'drufa, afflicted, confounded, con- 
 fused, betr.oflnn [chen 
 bebcha, little boy, buebchen, knaeb- 
 bech, pitch, shoemakers' wax, dech 
 bed a, to beat, surpass, bid, bieten, 
 
 uebertreif'en 
 bed'l, to beg, betteln 
 bedlawd, bedstead, bettstelle 
 bedlad'l, trundle bed, truckle bed, 
 
 kleine bettstelle 
 bed'lmon, beggar, bettelman 
 bedzech, case for feather bed, bett- 
 
 zieche 
 
 bedshtrick, bed cord, bettstrick 
 bega, to bend, biegen 
 bei, near, at, bei, zu 
 beiarwa, coheir, miterbe 
 beibringa, to bring, to administer, 
 
 to introduce, beibringen 
 beichta, to confess, to acknowledge, 
 beichten [rate flour, beutel 
 
 beid'l, bolt, used in mills to sepa- 
 beid'lduch, bolter cloth, beuteltuch 
 beidrawga, to carry near, contri- 
 bute, beitragen [mendruecken 
 beidrika, to press together, zusam- 
 beifol, applause, approbation, as- 
 sent, beifall [lect, beifallen 
 beifola, to occur, remember, recol- 
 beig'brucht, brought, alluded to, 
 
 beigebracht 
 beig'lufa, come to a gathering, come 
 
 fortuitously, herbei gelaufen 
 
 beig' shprunga, having given succor, 
 
 beigesprungen [holen 
 
 beihola, to fetch, bring near, herbei 
 
 beiholda, to keep in place, zusam- 
 
 menhalten [bastard 
 
 beikiud, child born out of wedlock, 
 
 beikuuia, to come fortuitously, to 
 
 come to a meeting, berbeikommen 
 
 beil, hatchet, beil 
 
 beilar, pot, vessel for generating 
 
 steam, kochtopf, dampf kessel 
 beilawfa, to go near, to come for- 
 tuitously, herbeilaufen 
 beilaga, to lay by, to save, to com- 
 promise, beilegen [kleinen 
 beimglana, in small lots, retail, im 
 beimiksa, to admix, beimischen 
 beinaw, nearly, almost, beinahe 
 beind, pint, noessel, pinte 
 beind, pine tree, fichte, tanne 
 beindzob'a, seed vessel, of the pine, 
 
 pine cone, fichtenzapfen 
 beind blech, a tin cup, holding a 
 pint, peintblech, noessel [harz 
 beindhortz, resin from the pine, 
 beinawma, nick-name, beinamen 
 beirika, to move or sit near, zusam- 
 beis, bite, beiszen [menruecken 
 beishbel, example, beispiel 
 beishofa, to procure, to provide, 
 
 herbeischaflFen 
 
 beishpringa, to succor, beispringen 
 beishtaa, to assist, to help, to suc- 
 cor, beistehen 
 
 beisich, acrid, pungent, heissend 
 beiszong, pincers, kneifzange 
 beiwak, by road, nebenweg 
 beiwona, to be present, to attend, 
 beiwohnen [sammenjagen 
 
 beiyawga, to drive together, zu- 
 bek, peck, peck, metze 
 bek'r, baker, baecker 
 bei, bell, to ring a bell, glocke, 
 
 schelle, schellen 
 bels, pelt, a thick matted growth of 
 
 grass, hair, pelz 
 belsa, to lamn, pelzen 
 beisich, pithy, pelzig 
 belsnik'l, St. Nicholas, Santa Clans, 
 
 pelznickel 
 
 bembla, to fool away,unregelmaessig 
 bendt, bantam, bantam huhn 
 bend'l, string, tape, bindfaden 
 bend'r, panther, panther 
 beng'l, a stout lad, bengel 
 benicha, to subdue, to conquer, 
 
 baendigen 
 
 ben'r, ribbons, baender 
 benreil, penny royal, balsam 
 bens, cent, penny, pfennig 
 
 231 
 
her 
 
 ber, pear, beer, birne, bier 
 
 beshdla, to tinker 
 
 beshoor, to be sure, gewiss 
 
 besht, best, beste 
 
 beVr, better, besser 
 
 bes'ra, to improve, verbessern 
 
 bet, bed, bett 
 
 bew'l, bible, bibel 
 
 beweisa, to prove, beweissen 
 
 bewi, pewit, kibitz 
 
 bezawla, to pay, bezahlen 
 
 b'fela, to feel, to touch, befuehlen 
 
 b'feshdicha, to fasten, befestigen 
 
 b'fina, state of health, to be in place, 
 
 befinden 
 
 b'fola, to befall, happen to, befallen 
 b'folga, to obey, observe, befolgen 
 b'froga,, to question, to consult, to 
 
 Inquire, befragen 
 b'glada, clothe, bekleidung 
 b'glading, mouldings, Wekleidung 
 b'glika, to make happy, to bless, 
 
 begluecken 
 
 b'grawwa, to bury, begraben [niss 
 b'grebnis, funeral, burial, begraeb- 
 b'greifa, to comprehend, to con- 
 ceive, to understand, begreifen 
 b'greiflich, conceivable, intelligible, 
 
 plain, begreiflich 
 b'grif, im b'grif, comprehension, 
 
 about to, begriff 
 b'guka, to look at, besehen 
 b'haflich, complaisant, hoeflich 
 b'helfa, to make shift, behelfen 
 b'henga, to put on gew gaws for or- 
 nament, behaengen 
 b'heta, to guard, to protect, to pre- 
 serve, behueten 
 b'hoft, afflicted with, behaftet 
 b' holda, to keep, behalten 
 b'houpta, to assert, to maintain, be- 
 
 haupten 
 
 b'hulfa, made shift, beholfen 
 
 bich'r, books, buecher [binder 
 
 bich'r bin'r, book binder, buch 
 
 bich'r shonk, bookcase, buecher- 
 
 schrank [bitten 
 
 bida, to ask, to pray, to beseech 
 
 bidmon, a lever, connected with an 
 
 eccentric, in machines, pitt mann 
 
 hebel 
 
 bidah, bitch, slut, huendin 
 
 blach 
 
 >id'r, bitter, bitter [salat 
 
 ridrasolawd, dandelion, bitterer- 
 bif 1, mulley, a cow destitute of 
 
 horns, bueffelkuh 
 
 rigl,, iron, platten [platteisen 
 
 ng'leisa, smoothing iron, flat iron, 
 tika, to bow, to stop, buecken 
 riksa, rifle, buechse 
 tild, picture, image, likeness, bild 
 rild'rshdech'r, engraver, kupfer- 
 jilich, cheap, billig stecher 
 
 timshta, pumice stone, bimsstein 
 Din, am, to bind, to tie, bin, binden 
 aina, bandage, binde 
 aind'l, bund'l, bundle, buendel 
 binsa, rushes, sedges, binsen 
 bis, till, up to, bis 
 t)isht, art or are, bist 
 bishup, bishop, bischof 
 biskots, skunk, stinkthier [wun 
 biskotasgrout, skunk-cabbage, /ehr- 
 bis'l, a bit, a little, bischen 
 b'kara, to convert, bekehren 
 b'kard'r, convert, bekehrter 
 b'karung, conversion, bekehrung 
 b'kena, to confess, to acknowledge, 
 
 bekennen 
 b'kendnis, confession, bekenntniss 
 b'keschdicha, to furnish food, to 
 
 board, bekoestigen 
 b' kimra,to trouble one's self, to heed 
 
 the affairs of others, bekuemmern 
 b'kim'rlich, pitiful, poorly, kuem- 
 
 merlich 
 
 b'klawchdar, defendant, beklagte 
 b'klada, to clothe, to invest, to fill 
 
 an office, bekleiden 
 b'klawga, to bewail, to commiserate, 
 
 beklagen [ted, bekannt 
 
 b'kond, known, familiar, acquain- 
 b'kondshoft, acquaintance, bekannt 
 
 schaft 
 b'kondmocha, to publish, to give 
 
 notice, bekanntmachen 
 b'kondmochung, advertisement, 
 
 public notice, bekanntmachung 
 b'krefticha, to confirm, to assert 
 
 strongly, bekraeftigen 
 b'kuma, to agree, (food) with the 
 
 constitution of the body, bekom- 
 
 men 
 blach, pale, bleich 
 
blacha 
 
 b5bla 
 
 biacha, to bleach, to whiten, blei- 
 
 chen [bloede 
 
 blad, diffident, weak (eyes), dim, 
 bladla, to inoculate, oculiren 
 blakbera, blackberries, brombeeren 
 blara, to make an inarticulate sound, 
 
 to low, plaerren 
 blawd, leaf, blade, blatt, halm 
 blawda, to leaf off, abblaettren 
 blea, to blossom, bluehen 
 b'lebt, liked, in favor, popular, be- 
 blech, tin, tin-cup, blech [liebt 
 blecha, to suffer, dafuer herhalten 
 bledcha, saucer, unter-tasse 
 bled'r, leaves, blades, blaetter, 
 bleds, places, plaetze [halme 
 
 bledsha, to strike with the open 
 
 hand, pletschen 
 bledslich, suddenly, ploetzlich 
 bleg, plows, pfluege 
 b'lega, to belie, beluegen 
 blei, lead, blei 
 bleib, stay, remain, bleiben 
 bleich, in bloom, bluehend 
 b'leidicha, to insult, to offend, be- 
 
 leidichen [blei 
 
 bleischof 'r, plumber, arbeiter am 
 bleiweis, white lead, bleiweiss 
 blek'cha, small patches, laeppchen 
 bleknep, flower-buds, knospen 
 bleser, pleasure, pastime, vergnue- 
 
 gen 
 
 bleshd'ra, to plaster, pflastern 
 bleshd'rar, plasterer, pflasterer 
 blids, lightning, blitz 
 blidsa, to fulminate, the display of 
 
 lightning, blitzen 
 
 blik, look, glance, cast of eye, blick 
 blindameis'l, blindman's buff, blin- 
 
 dekuh 
 
 blindhcit, blindness, blindheit 
 blindholfter, blindhalter, blinker, 
 
 blin/lhallter, scheuleder 
 blinsla, wink, blinzeln 
 bio, blue, blau 
 
 blo-barg, blue mountain, blaueberg 
 blobilrgiir ta, golden rod, mountain 
 "^mint, berg thee 
 b'lobd, praised, belobt 
 blod'r, blister, blase 
 blods, place, farm, platz 
 blofa, to hark, bellec 
 
 blodsa, to burst open from internal 
 
 pressure, platzen 
 blofog'l, bluebird, blauvogel 
 bloka, patch, small piece of cloth, 
 
 used in patch work, lappen 
 blohooshda, whooping cough, stick- 
 husten [belohnen 
 
 b'lona, to reward, to recompense, 
 blonsa, to plant, pflanzen 
 blood, blood, blut 
 bios, naked, bare, only, bladder, 
 
 bloss nur, blase 
 blosa, to blow, blasen 
 blosbolk, bellows, blasebalg 
 b'loshda, to burden, belasten 
 bloum, plum, pflaume 
 blug, plow, pflug 
 
 bludich, bloody, blutig [sauger 
 bludsukl'r, leech, bloodsucker, blut- 
 bludworz'l, turmeric, blutwurzel 
 bluk, log, block [haeuschen 
 
 blukheis'l, small log cabin, block- 
 blukhous, log cabin, blockhaus 
 bluksheir, log-barn, blockscheuer 
 b'luksa, to cheat, to get the better 
 
 of one, beluchsen 
 blum, flower, blume 
 blumaken'r, botanist, one skilled in 
 
 plants, botaniker 
 
 blumakrons, wreath of flowers, gar- 
 land, blumenkranz 
 blumashtious, posy, nosegay, bou- 
 quet, blumenstrauss 
 biut, bare, uncovered, bloss 
 blutkepich, bare headed, bare, im 
 
 blosen kopf, kahlkopf 
 b'mea, to trouble, bemuehen 
 b'nebl'd, slightly drunk, benebelt 
 b'nawma, to give a name, benamed 
 b'nochrichticha, to notify, to ap- 
 prize, benachrichtigen 
 b'nutsa, to use, to make profit by, 
 
 benutzen 
 
 bob, paste, kleister 
 bobadeck'l, box board, paste board, 
 
 binders board, pappe 
 bober, paper, papier 
 bobich, sticky, stickig 
 bobigoi, parrot, papagei 
 bob'l, to talk fast, or idly, pappeln 
 bobli, baby, kindlein 
 bobla, poplar, pappel 
 
btfb'lmoul 
 
 bouds 
 
 bob'lmoul, incessant talker, pappel- 
 
 maul 
 
 boda, to do good, help, nuetzen 
 bodolya, battalion, batallion 
 bodra, to bother, verwirren 
 bodres'l, partridge, quail, rebhuhn, 
 
 wachtel 
 
 bodsich, saucy, independent, patzig 
 boga,arc, sheet of paper, &c., bow, 
 
 bogen 
 
 bogaflint, crossbow, bogen, armbrust 
 boi, pie, tart, tarte 
 bok, bake, backen 
 boka, cheek, hounds, backe, wange 
 bokabawrd, whiskers, backenbart 
 bokabuch, pocketbook, taschen- 
 
 buch , brief tasche 
 bokashda. brick, backstein, ziegel 
 bokashdalag'r, bricklayer, maurer 
 bokashdashtik'r, brikbats, ziegel- 
 
 stuecke 
 
 bokashdaufa, brick kiln, ziegelofen 
 bokaza, molar-teeth, backenzaehne 
 bokmol, dough tray, kneading 
 
 trough, back-mulde 
 bokufa, bake-oven, backofen 
 bokufashes'r, baker's peel, schuetzel 
 bol, soon, bald [ball, ball en 
 
 bola, ball, bale, palm of the hand, 
 bolaprig'l, bolabritsh, bat, ballkelle 
 b'51ka, joist, balken 
 boloon, balloon, luft-ballon 
 bolsom, balsam, balsam 
 balsomera, embalm, einbalsamiren 
 bolwera, to shave, barbieren 
 bolwerar, barber, bar bier 
 bolwerrnes'r, razor, barbiermesser 
 bolwersaf, shaving soap, barbier- 
 
 seife [bummeln 
 
 bomb'l, to loiter, to loaf about, 
 bomblich, loosely, without energy, 
 bona, beans, bohnen [bummelig 
 bona, to charm, to fascinate, ban- 
 
 nen, bezaubern [nenkraut 
 
 bonagreit'l, summer savory, boh- 
 bonashteka, beanpoles, bohnenstan- 
 
 ^gen 
 
 bonatbox, band box, hutchachtel 
 b5nd, ribbon, hinge, band, thueran- 
 
 gel [ness, schuldschein 
 
 bond, beu'r, certificate of indebted- 
 , afraid, uneasy, fearful, bange 
 
 bongichkad, dread, fear, bangigkeit 
 bongnet, bayonet, bayonet 
 bonk, bench, bank, bank 
 borikard, bastard, bastard 
 boo, pi, boowa, boy, bube 
 boocha, beach, buche 
 boowaleis, tickseed, wanzensame 
 bora, to bore, an auger, bohren, 
 bohrer [holes, bohrbank 
 
 borbonk, a bench for boring post 
 bord, board, bret, bretter 
 bordkarch, gallery, emporkirche 
 borgament, parchment, pergament 
 borgamut, bergamot, bergamot 
 borg, gelded hog, boar, borg 
 borik, wig, peruque, peruecke 
 bormharzich, merciful, barmherzig 
 bormharzichkat, mercy, barmher- 
 zigkeit [dit, borgen 
 
 borga, to borrow, to trust, give cre- 
 borgera, cause vomiting, brechen 
 borgerung, emetic, brech mittel 
 borzard, a fowl destitute of a tail, 
 
 stumpf schwanz c 
 borz'l, to tumble, puerzel, purzeln 
 borz'lbawm, somersault, purzel- 
 baum [dent, aufseher 
 
 bos, master, employer, superinten- 
 bosgeik, bass-viol, bassgeige 
 boshad, malice, wickedness, bosheit 
 boshda, to husk, basten 
 boshdard, an illegitimate child, cat- 
 tle of mixed breed, a pasture, 
 bastard, weideplatz [chen 
 
 boshdhuls, husking pin, basthoelz- 
 boshdnawd, parsnip, pastinake 
 bosht, husk, the inner bark, bast, 
 
 matte 
 
 bosum, opossum, beutelratte 
 bou, soil, reached by the plow, bau 
 boua to build, bauen 
 bouarei, farm, bauerei 
 bouch, belly, bauch 
 boucha, to boil wash, waeschesleden 
 bouchfelig, dilapidated, baufaellig 
 bouchgot, belly-band, bauchgurt 
 bouchgriwla, griping in the bowels, 
 
 bauchgrimmen 
 
 bouchrema, belly-strap, bauchriem 
 bouchwa, belly-ache, bowel com- 
 plaint, leibschmerzen 
 bouds, hobgoblin, gespenst 
 
 234 
 
bouhuls 
 
 b'shlesi 
 
 bouhuls, timber, bauholz 
 boumasht'r, architect, baumeister 
 bou'r, farmer, bauer 
 bou'ra, to farm, bauern 
 bourashtond, the occupation of a 
 
 farmer, bauernstand 
 bouragaradsheft, farming imple- 
 ments, ackerbau ' geraethschaef- 
 brad, broad, wide, breit [ten 
 
 brading, braid, besatz 
 bradbeil, broad axe, breit beil 
 b'rada, to persuade, ueberreden 
 brain, horse fly, bremse 
 b'rawda, deliberate, berathen 
 brawf, brave, good, honest, brav 
 bre, juice, gravy, broth, slop, 
 bruehe [bruehen, brueten 
 
 brea, scald, parboil, to hatch, 
 brecha, to break, to vomit, to break 
 
 in, brechen 
 
 brechdich, splendid, praechtig 
 b'rechdicha, to give a right, be- 
 
 rechtigen 
 
 bredich, sermon, predigt 
 bredicha, to preach, predigen 
 bredich' r, preacher, minister, pre- 
 
 diger 
 
 breuiiriich, brotherly, bruederlich 
 bref, letter, brief 
 brei, pap, brei 
 b'reia, to repent, bereuen 
 breicha, to need, brauchen 
 hi'oucha, to stand in need of, brau- 
 chen 
 
 bre-ich, juicy, bruehig, saftig 
 breidichora, bridegroom, braeutigam 
 brekla, to crumble, broeckeln 
 brena, to burn, brennen 
 brenarei, distillery, brennerei 
 breuas'l, stinging nettle, brennessel 
 brentis, apprentis, lehrbursche 
 briufl, club, pruegel 
 brik, bdlge, bruecke 
 brikapeil'r, pier, brueckenpfeiler 
 bril, spectacles, brille 
 brila, to roar, to low, to cry, bruel- 
 broeha, to fallow, brachen [len 
 brod, bread, brou 
 
 brod a, to roast, fry or boil, brat en 
 brodhonk. a su-peuded shelf haen- 
 
 gebrett 
 brotit, u,ain, pi'ofit. nutzen 
 
 b'rodshloga, to deliberate, to inter- 
 change views, berathschlagen 
 brol, to brag, prahlen 
 brolar, braggart, prahler 
 brand, ergot, brand [gangrene 
 
 brond im karp'r, mortification, 
 brond im fei'r, burning stick, feuer- 
 
 brand 
 
 brondawei, whiskey, branntwein 
 brondshdifr, incendiary, mord- 
 
 brenner 
 
 brood' r, brother, bruder 
 brou a, to brew, brauen 
 brouarei, brewery, brauerei 
 brouar, brewer, brauer 
 broucha, to stand in need of, to 
 
 pow-wow, brauchen 
 brouchbawr, useful, serviceable, fit 
 
 for use, brauchbar 
 broud, bride, braut 
 brounworz'l, figwort, braunwurzel 
 bruch, rupture, hernia, bruch 
 bruchbond, truss, bruchband 
 brud, littre of pigs, brut 
 brudsa, to pout, schmollen 
 brudsich, cross, pettish, schmollend 
 
 verstirnmt 
 brudskiw'l, one prone to pouting, 
 
 protzkuebel 
 
 brudsla, to simmer, simmern 
 bruma, to hum, to buzz, brummen 
 brum'r, steam whistle, bruminer 
 brumla, scold in a subdued manner, 
 bruna, well, brunnen [brummeln 
 brunagres, waterkress, brunnen- 
 
 kresse 
 brunawols, windlass for drawing 
 
 water, brunuenwalze 
 brunsa, urinate, pissen 
 brusht, breast, chest, brust 
 brushtg'sims, wainscotting, brust- 
 brushtlopa, vest, weste [gesimse 
 brusht worza, nipple of the breast, 
 
 brustwarze 
 
 b'sedsa. to trim, besetzen 
 b'sedsung, trimmings, besatz 
 b'sbenka, to make presents, be- 
 
 scheriken [iu-ult, beschimpfen 
 b'shimb.1, to disgrace, dishonor, 
 Vsliis'r. cheater, dishonest person, 
 
 betrueger [schliessen 
 
 b'shlesa, to resolve, to finish, be- 
 
 235 
 
b'shndicha 
 
 b'shadicha, to injure, beschaedigen 
 b'sheisa, to cheat, bctruegeu 
 b'shloga, shot, (horses) beschlagen 
 b'shlus, resolution, conclusion, be- 
 schluss [wertVn 
 
 b'shmeisa, to throw on, to pelt, be- 
 b'shiala, to steal irom, bestehlen 
 b'sntC'la, to order, bestelleu 
 b'shtelung, appointment, bestellung 
 b'shteticha, to confirm, bestaetigen 
 b'shwara, to conrirm with an oath, 
 
 beschwoeren 
 
 b'shwarlich, troublesome, cumber- 
 some, beschwerlich 
 b'sidsa, to possess, besitzen 
 b'sids'r, possesser, owner, besitzer 
 b'sina, to think of, to consider, be- 
 
 sinuen 
 
 b'sorkt, careful, solicitous, besorgt 
 b'such, visitors, visit, besuch 
 b'sucha, to visit, besucheu 
 b'suna, having presence of mind, 
 
 besonnen 
 
 b'siindars, particularly, besonders 
 bu, boy, knabe 
 bub'l, babe, kindlein 
 buch, book, buch 
 
 buchwaza, buckwheat, buchweizen 
 budesh, potash, potasche 
 buda, bud'm, ground, bottom, bo- 
 budboi, potpie, pastete [den 
 
 bud'l, bottle, flasche 
 bud'lcha, small bottle, flaeschchen 
 bud'r, butter, butter 
 bud'rblum, butter cup, butterblume 
 bud'rtos, churn, butterfass 
 budsa, core of a bile, putzen 
 budsa, to clean, putzen [cheuche 
 budsamon, scare - scrow, vogel- 
 budshoft, message, botschaft 
 budsich, small, stumpy, putzig 
 bufierhout, buft'alo robe, bueflell 
 bugar, rascal, schelm 
 buk, ram, bock 
 
 buksbawm, box wood, buchsbaum 
 buksbera, tea berries 
 buk'r, rascal, schinderknecht 
 bul'ryuk'l hogweed, wilder wer- 
 
 muth 
 
 bulsodar, artery, pulsader 
 bumb, pumb, puinpe 
 bund'l, bundle, buendel 
 
 dawgdeb 
 
 bungard, orchard, baumgarten 
 bus, kiss, kuss 
 
 bush, woods, forest, gebuesch, wald 
 bushtawwa. letters, buchstaben 
 bushtawera, to spell, buchstabiren 
 busi, pussy cat, kaetzchen 
 bus'm, bosom, busen [ter 
 
 butsh'r. butcher; fleischer, schlaech- 
 butsh'roks, cleaver, fleischer beil 
 b waga, to move, bewegen 
 b'waglich, movable, beweglich 
 b'wagt, affected, bewegt 
 b'wawra, to keep safe, to preserve, 
 bewahren [g un g 
 
 Vwagung, motion, exercise, bewe- 
 b'weis, proof, beweis 
 b'weisa, to prove, beweisen 
 b'yawa, to affirm, to answer affirm- 
 atively, bejahen 
 
 b'yomara, to bemoan, bejammern 
 b' zawla, to pay for, bezahlen 
 
 D 
 
 d, da, the, (dat. pi. article,) den 
 
 dachlich, daily, taeglich 
 
 dad, dat, (pi. data,) did, thaeten 
 
 dafor, before, in favor of, dafuer 
 
 daf un, of it, therefrom, davon 
 
 dag, dough, teig 
 
 dagaga, against, dagegen 
 
 dagich, doughy, teigich 
 
 daham, at home, zu haus 
 
 dal, part, partly, theil, zum theil 
 
 dala, to share, to deal, theilen, 
 
 handeln mit 
 
 dalya, dahlia, georgine [thig 
 
 damedich, humble, meek, deinue- 
 damut, humility, demuth 
 damond, diamond, diamant 
 danke, thank you, schoenen dank 
 dar, pi. dera, door, thuer 
 dar, the, der 
 
 dara, to dry, to cure, doerren 
 durbaden, turpentine, turpentin 
 da-rich t, foolish, thoericht 
 daw, dew, thau 
 
 dawb, deaf, destitute of a kernel, 
 dawdi, father, v?iter [taub 
 
 dawed'r, against, dawider 
 dawfshein, baptismal certificate, 
 dawg, day, tag ^ [taufschein 
 
 dawgdeb, idle fellow, *agdieb 
 
 236 
 
dawgwgrk 
 
 dawgwSrk, day's work, tagwerk 
 dawlar, dollar, thaler 
 dawl'rros, aster, thaler-rose 
 dawrt, there, dort 
 dawrum, for this, darum 
 dawtum, date, datum 
 dazoo, to that, also, too, dazu 
 dazwisha, between, dazwischen 
 de, the, die 
 deb, thief, dieb 
 
 debich, quilt, bed-spread, teppich 
 debshtawl, theft, diebstahl 
 derasho, menagerie, menagerie 
 derashwel, door sill, thuerschwelle 
 defendera, to defend, vertheidigen 
 deiar, costly, dear, theuer 
 deichla, conduit pipes, roehren 
 deiks'l, thill, wagon tongue, deich- 
 
 sel 
 
 deiks'lnog'l, thill-pin, nothnagel 
 deiks'lshnol, pole-piece, deichsel- 
 
 schnalle [lich 
 
 deitlich, plain, distinct, clear, deut- 
 deit'r, pointer, deuter 
 deitsh, german, deutsch 
 deitshlond, Germany, deutschland 
 deitshlen'r, one born in Germany, 
 
 deutscher 
 deitshlenarish, after the manner of 
 
 Germany, deutschlaendisch 
 deiw'l, devil, teufel [dreck 
 
 deiw'lsdreck, assafoetida, teufels- 
 dek, cover, decke 
 deka, to thatch, to put a roof on, 
 
 decken [bett 
 
 dekbed, coverlet, featherbed, deck- 
 dek'l, lid, deckel 
 dek'lglos, tankard, deckelglas 
 dek'lkon, with a lid, deckelkanne 
 dek'sl, adze, krummaxt 
 del'r, plate, teller 
 dem, to this, dem 
 demadi, timothy, leischgras 
 demograwt, democrat, demokrat 
 dempa, to coddle, to boil, daemp- 
 
 fen 
 
 demarung, twilight, daemmerung 
 dena, to those, denen 
 deng'l, to hammer scythes, dengeln 
 deng'lshtuk, a little anvil on which 
 
 the edge of a scythe is hammered 
 
 out, dengelstock 
 
 dflglSn'r 
 
 denk, to think, denken 
 denkzet'l, reminder, denkzettel 
 densar, dancer, taenzer 
 desgleicha, also, too, desgleichen 
 desh'lgrout, shepherd's purse, 
 
 deschelkraut 
 
 desmol, for this time, diesmal 
 dest, desk, pult 
 dezemb'r, December, dezember 
 dib'ldonich, diblich, spotted, ge- 
 dich, thee or you, dich fleckt 
 
 dicht'r, poet, dichter 
 dids, teats, zitzen 
 dik, thick, dick 
 
 dikbokich, full cheeks, dickbackig 
 diksekich, punch-bellied, dickbau- 
 din, thin, duenn [chig 
 
 dinda, ink, tinte 
 dindaglos, inkstand, tintenfass 
 ding, dings g'mocht, thing, told 
 
 stories, ding 
 
 dinga, to hire, dingen [magd 
 
 dinshtdmad'l, servant girl, dienst- 
 dinshdog, Tuesday, dienstag 
 dishd'ra, to quiet, stillen 
 dish, table, tisch 
 dishd'l, thistle, distel 
 dishduch, table-cloth, tischtuch 
 d'm, d'n, to the, the, dem, den 
 d'no, d'nort, d'rno, after that, nach- 
 do, there, da [her 
 
 doba, paw, pfote [fen, taumeln 
 doba, to grasp for, to tumble, grei- 
 dobich, clumsy, ungeschickt 
 doch, roof, dach 
 dochdruf, eaves, dachtraufe 
 dochfensht'r, dormer window, dach- 
 
 fenster 
 
 dochfasrht, ridge pole, dachgiebel 
 dochkond'l, rainspout, dachrinne 
 dochlawda, hatchway, dachladen 
 dorkrood, purlin or purline, dach- 
 
 ruthe 
 
 dochshtul, ridge-lead, dachstuhl 
 dod, death, dead, tod, todt 
 dodabawr, bier, bah re 
 dodaglad, shroud, todtenkleid 
 dodawoga, hearse, todtenwagen 
 dofun, dod'rfun, of that, davon 
 dog, day, tag 
 
 dogbuch, daybook, diary, tagebuch 
 doglen'r, day laborer, tageloehner 
 
 237 
 
dogabruch, break of day, dawn, 
 
 lages-anbruch 
 
 doks, raccoon, rakun [beinig 
 
 doksbanich, badger footed, dachs- 
 dol, millers' share, toll, zoll 
 dom, dam, damm 
 domit, theiewith, damit 
 domols, at that time, damals 
 dom?, vapor, dampf 
 ion, then, dann 
 
 denid, thank, dank [bar 
 
 donkbawr, thankful, grateful, dank- 
 donkbawrkad, thankfulness, grati- 
 tude, dankbarkeit 
 dons-a, dance, to dance, tanz 
 don un won, now and then, dann 
 doo, thou or you, du [und wann 
 doo, doua, doosht, doon, to do, dost, 
 do, thun, thue, thust [pel 
 
 dop'l, dop's, a clumsy fellow, toel- 
 dor, tar, theer 
 dor, gate, thor 
 dorch, through, durch 
 dorchbringa, to squander, durch - 
 bringen [schwende 
 
 dorchbringar, spendthrift, ver- 
 dorchdriwa, treiwa, durchtrieben 
 dorchfola, fall through, durchfallen 
 dorchscaa, to run off, to escape, 
 
 durchgehen, fortlaufen 
 dorch g'shlidsd, slit through, durch- 
 
 geschlitzt 
 
 dorchg'widsht, escaped, entronnen 
 dorchlauf, diarrhoea, leibweh 
 dorch' non'r, in confusion, mixed 
 up, durch einander [durchaus 
 dorchous, through, by all means 
 dorchous net, on no account, durch- 
 aus nicht [durchsehen 
 dorchsana, to look over (a book) 
 dorch seiha, to strain, to filter, durch - 
 
 seihen 
 dorchshimara, to be perceptible 
 
 through, durchschimmern 
 
 dorchsheina, to shine through, 
 
 durchscheinen [chen 
 
 dorchstecha, to pierce, durch ste- 
 
 dorchsichtich , transparent, durch- 
 
 sichtig [durchsuchen 
 
 dorchsucha, to search, to ransack, 
 
 dorch wek, throughout, on average, 
 
 durchweg 
 
 drei6kich 
 
 dorchwoks, boneset, durch wachs 
 dorch zwinga, to force through, 
 
 d urchzwaengen 
 
 dorch zuk, cross beam, durch zug 
 iord'ldoub, turtledove, turteltaube 
 dorgla, to reel, taumeln 
 dorlok'l, tar-keg, theerbuechse 
 dorm, gut, intestine, darm 
 dorm'l, giddiness, taumel 
 dormlich, giddy, taumelig 
 dormsad, gut string, cat gut, darm- 
 iorn, thorn, dorn [saite 
 
 dornich, thorny, dornig 
 dorshd, thirst, durst 
 dorshdig, thirsty, durstig 
 dos, that, than, dass, als 
 dos, a dose of medicine, dosis 
 doub, pigeon, dove, taube 
 douba, staves (of a barrel), fass- 
 
 dauben 
 
 doumling, thumstall, daeumling 
 dou'r, duration, dauer [dauerhaft 
 dou'rhoft, lasting, durable, strong, 
 dousendyarich reich, Millennium, 
 
 tausendjaehriges reich 
 dousendgildagrout, gentian, tau- 
 
 sendgueldenkraut 
 d'r, the v -der 
 
 dra, turn, curve, crank, drehe 
 draa,'to turn, to twist, drehen 
 draa, (bud'r), to churn, buttern 
 draa, to threaten, drohen 
 drabonk, turning lathe, drechsel- 
 drabonk, treadle, treter [bank 
 
 dradpouar, tread power, tret-ma- 
 drahend'l, winch, drehe [schine 
 drawm, dream, traum 
 drawga, to carry, to wear, tragen 
 dreb, dim, cloudy, impure, trueb 
 drebsawl, tribulation, truebsal 
 drechd'r, funnel, trichter 
 drechd'rblura, morning glory, trich- 
 
 terblume [terkuche 
 
 drechd'rkucha, funnel cake, trich- 
 dreta, to hit, treffen 
 drefts, tares, cheat, trefze 
 drei, three, drei 
 
 dreibletrlch, threefoil, dreiblaettrig 
 dreidradich, having three strands, 
 
 three-ply, dreidraetig > 
 dreiek, dreishpits, triangle, dreieck 
 dreiekich, triangular, dreieckig 
 
 238 
 
dreitfng'l 
 
 dreiong'l, triangle (musical instru- 
 ment,) dreiangel 
 dreiwa, to drive, treiben 
 dreiwar, coachman, drover, treiber, 
 
 kutscher, viehhaendler 
 dreiyarich, three years old, drei- 
 drek, dirt, dreck [jaehrig 
 
 drekich, dirty, soiled, dreckig, 
 
 schmutzig 
 
 drenka, to water, traenken 
 drep, stairs, treppe 
 drepsla, to dribble, fall in small 
 
 drops, troepfeln 
 dresha, to thrash, dreschen 
 dreshden, thrashing floor, dresch- 
 dreshd'r, pomace, trester [tenne 
 dreshfleg'l, flail, dreschflegel 
 dreshmashen, thrashing machine, 
 
 dreschmaschine 
 d'rfor, for it, dafuer 
 d'rfun, of it, from it, davon 
 dribla, to move with small stops, to 
 
 patter, trippeln [drittel 
 
 drid'l, third part, widow's dower, 
 drika, to press, to squeeze, druecken 
 drikning, drouth, duerre 
 drila, to drill, drillen 
 drilsak, hacksaw, drill saege 
 drin, in it, inside, darin, inwendig 
 driwa, over, on the other side, 
 
 drueben, ueber 
 driw'r, over, darueber 
 d'rnawa, by the side of, at the 
 
 same time, daneben 
 droch, dragon, drache 
 drochaliich, cave, hoehle [draht 
 drod, wire, wax ends, (shoemaker, ) 
 drodshdumba, shoemakers' ends, 
 
 wax ends, drahtenden 
 drodgorn , shoemakers' thread , 
 
 drahtgarn, zwirn 
 drodzong, pliers, drahtzange 
 drok, troAigh, trog 
 drun, fishoil, thran 
 drud, trot, trab 
 droura, to mourn, trauern 
 droua, to marry, copuliren 
 drouarleit, mourners, leichenbeglei- 
 droub, grape, weintrauben [ter 
 drourich, sad, afflicted, traurig 
 drous, out, outside, daraus, draus- 
 seu 
 
 duwflk 
 
 drouwastuk, grape vine, weinstock 
 drowa, on the top, darauf, droben 
 drub, drove, truppe 
 druba, drop, tropfen 
 drubsa, fall in drops, troepfeln 
 druf, upon it, darauf 
 drufg'shnopt, died, gestorben 
 druka, dry, trocken 
 druka, to print, drucken 
 drukaded'r, dandruff", grind 
 drukarei, printing office, druckerei 
 druk'r, printer, drucker 
 drul, troll, a short gallop, trollen 
 drum, drum, trommel 
 drumbad, clarion, trompete 
 drumsak, cross-cut saw, grosse saege 
 druna, among, below, darunter, un- 
 driink, trunk, koffer [ten 
 
 drus'l, trestle, staffel 
 d's, that, dass 
 dub, top, spitze 
 dubla, to double, doppeln 
 dubl'd, double, doppelt 
 duch, zet, doch 
 
 duch, handkerchief, broad cloth, 
 ducht'r, daughter, tochter [tuch 
 dudsend, dozen, dutzend 
 dud'lsok, bagpipe, dudelsack 
 dukt'r, doctor, physician, arzt 
 duktara, to take medicine, to be at- 
 tended by a physician, einen arzt 
 haben 
 
 duktara, to adulterate, verfaelschen 
 dukmeisich, sneaking, duckmaeu- 
 dulabawn, tulip, tulpe [sich 
 
 dulmetsh'r, intrepreter, dolmetscher 
 dum, ignorant, stupid, dumm 
 dumhada, blunders, frivolities, 
 
 dummheiten 
 dumbich, hot, close, (air) dumpfig 
 dumkub, blockhead, dummkopf 
 dun, ton, tonne 
 
 dum'l, to hurry, to hasten, eilen 
 dunara, to thunder, donnern 
 dunarwed'r, thunderstorm, donner- 
 
 wetter, gewitter 
 dunkes, gravy, sauce, britehe 
 dunk'l, dark, dunkel 
 dunsht, vapor, dunst 
 duplich, spotted, fleckig, fleckig 
 dushd'r, dusk, twilight, halbdunkel 
 duwok, tobacco, tabak 
 
 239 
 
eiweia 
 
 465-Words with the prefix ei, in, are 
 not given except in cases where they 
 have a special meaning. In all other 
 cases take the simple word and prefix in 
 for any word beginning withei. 
 
 ebes, something, etwas 
 eb'r, some one, jemand 
 eb'l, apples, aepfel 
 edlicha, a few, several, einige 
 edrich, ruminating, wiederkauen 
 efning, opening, oeffnung 
 efentlich, openly, public, oeffentlich 
 egel, porcupme,igel,stachelschwein- 
 ei, in, in [porcupine 
 
 eibendla, to hem, einbaendeln 
 eibesa, to lose, to suffer bodily harm, 
 
 einbuessen [schlagen 
 
 eibika, to turn in the edge, ein- 
 eibilda, to fancy, einbilden 
 eibildung, fancy, imagination, ein- 
 
 bildung 
 
 eibina, wrap up, to bind, einbinden 
 eiblosa, to whisper in one's ear, ein- 
 
 blasen [bringen 
 
 eibringa, to produce again, ein- 
 eibruch, burglary, einbruch 
 eidar, udder, sack, euter 
 eidara, to shrink in drying, ein- 
 eideks, lizard, eidechse [doerren 
 eidrawga, to yield, einbringen 
 eidreiwa, to collect (money), ein- 
 
 treiben [deln 
 
 eifadla, to thread a needle, einfae- 
 eifar, zeal, earnestness, eifer 
 eifawrd, gate way, entrance, ein- 
 
 fahrt 
 
 eifeichda, to moisten, anfeuchten 
 eifoch, simple, plain, not double, 
 
 einfach 
 
 eifol, sudden thought, einfall 
 eifela, remember, to cave in, ein- 
 
 fallen [falten 
 
 eifolda, to lay in small folds, ein- 
 eifrich, zealous, earnest, excited, 
 
 eifrig 
 
 eigaa, to consent, to shrink, eingehen 
 eigadum, property, eigenthum 
 eigong, entrance, eingang 
 eigonga, come in, consented, shrunk, 
 
 eingegangen [eingraben 
 
 eigrawa, to inter, to dig into ground , 
 
 eigreifa, make inroads, eingreifen 
 eig'richt, furnished, fixed, einge- 
 
 richtet 
 
 eihaucha, whole, einhauchen 
 eihenka, to hook in, einhenken 
 eihoka, to cut into, to slander, ein- 
 
 hauen, verlaeumden 
 eihola, to overtake, einholen 
 eiholda, to slacken, to stop, einhal- 
 
 ten [stock, einkaufen 
 
 eikawfa, to purchase, to lay in 
 eikara, to put in at an inn, einkeh- 
 
 ren 
 
 eikucha, to boil down, einkochen 
 eil, owl, haste, eule, eile 
 eila, to hurry, to haste, eilen 
 eilawda, to invite, einladen 
 evlawdung, invitation, einladung 
 eilashbeg'l, the name of a mythical 
 
 person full of wisdom and funny 
 
 mischief, owlglass, eulenspiegel 
 eimochii, to preserve, einmachen 
 eimumla, to wrap up well, einmum- 
 
 meln 
 einema, to take in [money,] to take 
 
 [medicine] cheat, einnehmen 
 eireisa, to become a bad custom, 
 
 einreissen 
 
 eirichta, to furnish, to put in shape, 
 eisa, iron, eisen [einrichten 
 
 eisaa, to sow, einsaeen 
 eisagna, to confirm, (a church rite,) 
 
 einsegnen [waarenladen 
 
 eisashdor, hardware store, eisen- 
 eisameind, iron ore, eisenerz 
 eisetsa,to put in, to install, einsegnen 
 eisearfa, to enjoin urgently, ein- 
 
 schaerfeu [schenken 
 
 eishenka, to pour out, or in, ein- 
 eishlofa, to fall asleep, einschlafen 
 eishlog, woof, einschlag 
 eishloga, (lightning) to strike, ein- 
 
 schlagen [einachlummern 
 
 eishlumra, to fall into a slumber, 
 eishlupa, to slip in, einschluepfen 
 eishnaa, to become storm stayed by 
 
 snow, einschneien 
 eishpona, hitch up, einspannen 
 eishreiwa, to enroll, einschreiben 
 eisolza, to salt down, einsalzen 
 eisup, hyssop, isop 
 eiweia, to dedicate, einweihen 
 
 1>40 
 
eiwenng 
 
 eiweiing, dedication, einweihung 
 eiwening, objection, excuse, em- 
 wen dung 
 
 eiwikla, to wrap up, einwickeln 
 eiwacha, to soak, einweichen 
 eiwonar, inhabitant, einwohner 
 eiyawga, to drive or chase in, ein- 
 
 jagen 
 
 eiszopa, icicle, eiszapfen 
 eizwinga, to force to take in medi- 
 cine, einzwaengen 
 ek, corner, ecke 
 
 ekich, having sharp corners, eckig 
 ekshonk, corner cupboard, eck- 
 
 schrank 
 
 ekshta, corner stone, eckstein 
 ekshtanich, checkered, karirt 
 elafond, elephant, elephant 
 elbadritsha, mythical bird 
 elboga, elbow, ellbogen 
 eld, age, the age of 21 years, alter 
 eldar, older, aelter 
 eldra, parents, eltern 
 eldesht'r, elder, presbyter, aeltester 
 elfa, eleven, elf 
 
 em, one, to the, to him, einem, ihm 
 ema, bees, bienen [bienenkorb 
 
 emakorb, emakoshda, beehive, 
 emafVts'r, bee eater, king bird, 
 bienenfresser [bienenwabe 
 
 emaros, honey comb, honigrose, 
 emens, ant, pismire, ameise 
 ernol, once, einmal [sig 
 
 emsich, industrious, diligent, em- 
 ena, ena, to them, ihnen 
 enara, to alter, to change, veraen- 
 endefi, endive, endivie [dern 
 
 endlich, finally, endlich 
 eng, narrow, strait, eng 
 ergbrishtish, asthmatic, engbruestig 
 engel, angel, engel 
 englen'r, englishman, englaender 
 english, english, englisch 
 english solz, epsom salt, glaubersalz 
 englishkronkhad, scrofula, king's 
 
 evil, englische krankheit 
 endkoit'l, coecum, an intestine, the 
 pudding, or sausage stuffed into, 
 endkeitel 
 
 enkel, grandson, enkel 
 enkelin, grand daughter, enkelin 
 entshtaa, originate, entstehen 
 
 enksterich, fainting, trembling, 
 ent, duck, ente [ohnmaecLtig 
 
 entcha, duckling, entchen 
 entzikt, in a trance, entzueckt 
 er, you, to her, ihr 
 erza, to address, one with "er", 
 es, it, eat, es, essen [you, ihr^en 
 esa, a meal, mahlzeit 
 esh, ash, the ash tree, esche 
 esich, vinegar, essig 
 es-socha, victuals, lebensmittel 
 es-shonk, pantry, ess-schrank 
 es-shdub, dining room, ess-zimmer 
 ess-stube [erlei 
 
 ewafel, immaterial, gleichgiltig, ein- 
 ewar, boar, eber 
 ew'rshich, upwards, uebersich 
 exli, little ox, oechslein 
 
 g^ 13 Words with the prefix far, fer, 
 f r equivalent to for denoting com- 
 pleteness are not given except in case* 
 where they have a special meaning.* 
 In all other cases take the simple wont 
 and prefix far, fer, f r 
 fawda, thread, faden 
 faga, to sweep, fegen 
 fa-ichi capable, fit, faehig 
 fal, for sale, feil 
 
 falar, fault, defect, error, fehler 
 falg'burt, miscarriage, fehlgeburt 
 falgrif, blunder, miss, fehlgriff 
 falyor, a year of scarcity, fehljahr 
 fawmilya, family, familie 
 fawna, flag, fahne 
 fawra, to drive, fahren 
 fawrawn, fern, farren 
 faranicha, to unite, vereinigen 
 far, fer, f r, a prefix equivalent to 
 
 for, denoting completeness, ver 
 fararyara, to vex, aergern 
 farargerlich, vexatious, aergerlich 
 farawel, farewell, lebewohl 
 farbeda, to forbid, verbieten 
 farbega, to bend out of shape, ver- 
 
 biegen [bei' 
 
 farbei, passing by, over, past, vor- 
 farbeisa, to gnaw, or chew up, 
 
 verbeissen 
 
 farbled, past the bloom, verblueht 
 farblena, to blind, verblenden 
 
 15a 
 
 241 
 
farblgniirei 
 
 farblenarei, hocus pocus, verblen- 
 
 dung 
 
 farbluda, loss of blood, verbluten 
 farbludst, injured by tailing, or by 
 
 being shaken about 
 farbodara, to confuse, verwirren 
 farboga, bent out of shape, verbo- 
 farbrea, to scald, verbruehen [gen 
 farbrecha, to break in pieces, ver- 
 
 brechen [cher 
 
 farbrech'r, criminal, felon, verbre- 
 farbrena, to burn up, injure by 
 
 burning, verbreunen 
 farbrekla, to brake into small pie- 
 ces, zerbroeckeln [verheult 
 farbrilt, a child given to crying, 
 farbracht, squandered, verbracht 
 farbrouch, consumption, verbrauch 
 farbrucha, broken into pieces, zer- 
 
 brochen [men 
 
 farbudsa, to be ill favored, verkom- 
 farbuta, forbidden, verbotcn 
 farchda, to fear, fuerchten 
 farchdrirlich, dreadful, fearful, 
 
 fuwchterlich 
 
 fawrd, drive, bars, fahrt. durchfahrt 
 fardard, dried up, ver<lorrt 
 fardeihenkert, enormously, ausaer- 
 
 ordentlich 
 
 fardena, to earn, verdienen 
 fardala, to divide, to share, verthei- 
 fardarwii, to spoil, verderben [len 
 fardiensht, earnings, verdienst 
 fardilya, to eradicate, vertilgen 
 flrdich, done, finished, ready, fertig 
 i'ardinsht, wages, compensation, 
 
 verdienst 
 
 fardonka, to thank for, verdanken 
 'fardorsht, died from thirst, ver- 
 
 durstet 
 
 filrdoua, to digest, verdauen 
 fardraa, to turn the wrong way, to 
 
 misrepresent, verdrehen 
 ifardreiwa, to drive off, to banish, 
 
 vertreiben 
 
 fardresa, offend, verdriessen 
 fardreslich , vex.-itions. verdriesslich 
 fardriwa, driven off, banished, ver- 
 
 trieben Q 
 
 fardrus, bad feel ins, verdruss 
 fardsadawg, fortnight, two weeks, 
 
 vierzehn tage 
 
 fardult, confoundedly, verwuenscht 
 fardup'lt, doubled, verdoppelt 
 fareisa, to tear, zerreissen 
 fareist net fel, is unable to accom- 
 plish much, kanii nicht viel aus- 
 richten 
 
 fardorwa, spoilt, verdorben 
 farenara, to alter, to change, ver- 
 
 aendern 
 
 farfala, to miss, verfehlen 
 farfelsha, to adulterate, verfaelsch en 
 farfera, to seduce, verfuehren 
 farfcrar, seducer, verfuehrer 
 farfinsht'rd, obscured, vernnstert 
 farflucha, to curse, verfluchen 
 farfola, to go to ruin, verfallen 
 farfoula, to rot, verfaulen 
 farfrera, to freeze, erfrieren 
 farfresa, to spend for dainties, ver- 
 fressen [selt 
 
 farfrons'lt, worn to fringes, zerfran- 
 farfulya, persecute, verfolgen 
 farfugara, to lose by negligence, 
 verlieren [ist, vergehen 
 
 fargaa, to dissolve, to cease to ex- 
 fa wrgash'l, horse whip, peitsche 
 fargabens, unawailiug, vain, verge- 
 bens [<j;eblich 
 fargablich, unawailing, vain, ver- 
 fergelshtara, to frighten, verwirren 
 filrgesa, to forget, vergessen 
 fargewa, to pardon, vergeben 
 fargifta, to poison, vergiften 
 fargleich, comparison, vergleich 
 fargleichlich, comparable, vergleich- 
 
 lich 
 
 fargnecht,content,merry, vergnuegt 
 f argn ege, pleasure, vergnuegen 
 fargofa, captivated by looking, ver- 
 
 gaffen 
 
 fargonga, past, vergangen 
 fargrasara, to enlarge, enlarged, 
 vergroessern [vergroessert 
 
 fargras'rd, magnified, enlarged, 
 fargrasaringsglaws, microscope, ver- 
 
 groesserungsglas 
 fargrawwa, to bury, vergraben 
 furguka, got a false impression by 
 
 looking, sich versehen 
 farojunt, envied, misgocnnt 
 farhala, to conceal, verbergen, ver- 
 hehlen 
 
 242 
 
frhar 
 
 farhara, to give a hearing, to dev- 
 astate, verhoeren, verheeren 
 farharda, to harden, verhaerten 
 farheda, to prevent, verhueten 
 farheild, prone to crying, verheult 
 farheldnis, relation, verhaeltniss 
 farhenkart, verhenkert, farshinart 
 yerschindert, low words that bear 
 to henker (hangman) and schin- 
 der, (skinner) the same relation 
 as "devilish" to "devil" 
 farhinara, to hinder, verhindern 
 farhoka, to cut to pieces, zerhauen 
 farhosd, hated, despised, verhasst 
 farhud'lt, tangled, verwirrt 
 farhungara , to starve, verhungern 
 farhunsa, to spoil, to botch, ver- 
 
 hunzen 
 
 farhudz'ld, no equivalent word, in 
 the English, hutzel, is a dried 
 fruit, wrinkled, verhutzelt 
 farika, to displace, verruecken 
 farikt, lunatic, verrueckt 
 fareisa, torn, tattered, zerrissen 
 farkawfa, to sell, verkaufen 
 farkarza, to shorten, verkuerzen 
 farkeftla, to spoil by notching, ver- 
 
 schnitzeln 
 
 farkelta, to catch cold, erkaelten 
 farkeschdicha, to furnish food, to 
 
 board, bekoestigen 
 
 farkindicha, to announce publicly, 
 
 verkuendigen [kleinern 
 
 farklenara, to make smaller, ver- 
 
 farklawga, to complain, to excuse, 
 
 to sue at court, verklagen 
 farknech'rd, become bony, ver- 
 
 knoechert 
 
 farknipa, to knot, verknuepfen 
 farknud'ld, knotted up, verwickeln 
 farkwedshd, bruised, zerquetscht 
 farkulaberd, confused, spoiled, ver- 
 wirrt 
 farlawfa, to stray, to come to pass, 
 
 verlaufen, sich begeben 
 farlana to lend, to let, verleihen 
 farlasa, to tally, to read, verlesen 
 farlat, discontented, tired, verleidet 
 farledsa, spoil, hurt, verletzen 
 farlega, to misplace, troubled, rer- 
 
 legen 
 iarlegehad, trouble, verlegenheit 
 
 farleicht, perhaps, vielleicht 
 farlengara, to lengthen, to linger, 
 
 verlaengern 
 
 farlera, to lose, verlieren 
 farlarna, to unlearn to forget, ver- 
 
 lernen [verloescheu 
 
 farlesha, to extinguish, put out, 
 farling, farthing, heller 
 farlonga, to ask, demand, desire, 
 
 verlangen 
 
 farlusa, to leave, verlassen 
 farlusa, druf, depend upon, sich 
 
 drauf verlassen 
 farlushd, loss, verlust 
 farlushdera, to enjoy ones' self, to 
 
 frolic, belustigen [mahlen 
 
 farmawla, ground to powder, zer- 
 farmara, to increase, vermehren 
 farmedsla, to butcher, to massacre, 
 
 massakriren 
 
 farmiksa, to mix, vermischen 
 farmisa, to miss, vermissen 
 farmocha, to bequeath, vermachen 
 farmudlich, probably, vermuthlich 
 farnichda, destroy, vernichten 
 fernuma, understood, vernommen 
 farnumft, despised, vernunft 
 farocht, despised, verachtet, ver- 
 
 schmaeht [schmae!i n 
 
 farochta, to despise, verachttn, ver- 
 faroda, to betray, to inform on, ver- 
 
 rathen, anzeigen [pfuschen 
 
 farpusha, to spoil in making, ver- 
 farsaa, to provide for, to mistake, 
 
 versehen 
 
 farsafa, to drown, ersaufen 
 farsaga, to saw into two, zersae<ren 
 farseima, to miss, neglect, vermissen 
 farsenka, to singe, to scorch, ver- 
 
 sengen [s tzen 
 
 farsetza, to change the places, ver- 
 farshina, tear the skin, abschinden 
 farshita, to spill, verschuetten 
 farshlafa, to drag away, verschlei fen 
 farshlesa, to lock up, verschliessen 
 farshlofa, to over sleep, prone to 
 
 oversleep, verschlafen 
 farshloga, to break into pieces, apt 
 
 to kick, zerschlagen ~^ 
 farshmeisa, to throw into pieces, 
 
 zerschmeissen [zerschmelzen 
 farshmelza, to melt, to dissolve, 
 
 243 
 
fftrshlupa 
 
 farshlupa, to hide, verschluepfen 
 farshlusa, locked, verschlos^en 
 farslimerd, soiled, dirtied, ver- 
 
 schruiert [verraucht 
 
 firshmokd, blacken3d by smoke, 
 flrshmSka, to taste, verschmecken 
 firshneida, to cut into pieces, to 
 
 castrate, zerschneiden 
 flrshofa, to procure, to, work up 
 
 material, verschoffen, anschaifen 
 fSrslibawra, to save for future use, 
 
 aufsparen 
 
 flrshpraa, to spread, ausbreiten 
 farshprecha, promise, verspreehen 
 farshprenga, to cause to burst, zer- 
 
 sprengeu [zerspringen 
 
 farshpringa, to burst, to explode, 
 f Irshprucha, promised, versprochen 
 fiirshreiwa, to convey, verschreiben 
 fitrsht, verse, heel, vers, ferse 
 jfarshtaa, comprehend, verstehen 
 ;farshtara, disturb, destroy, stoeren 
 
 vervruesten 
 
 jfarshtekla, to hide, verstecken 
 farshtela, to change, simulate, ver- 
 
 stellen [verstaendig 
 
 tfarshtenich, sensible, intelligent 
 ffarshtikt, suffocated, erstickt 
 farshtimel'd, spoiled, verstuemmelt 
 farshtola, under hand, clandestine- 
 ly, verstohlen 
 
 farshtona, understood, verstanden 
 farshtond, good sense, reason, ver- 
 
 stand 
 
 farshtosa, disown, reject, verstossen 
 farshtucha, pierced, zerstochen 
 firshtruw'ld, disheveled, aufgeloest 
 farshtupa, to stop a hole or a leak 
 
 verstopfen 
 
 farshtupa, costive, verstopft 
 farshuna, having the skin lacer- 
 ated, skinned, verschunden 
 (farshusa, having lost color, sho 
 
 away, verschossen 
 ffarshweiga, keep to ones' self, si 
 
 lent, verschweigen [schworen 
 farshwora, having vowed, ver 
 farshwHl&, swollen, geschwollen 
 ifarshwun a, disappeared, verschwun 
 
 den ~} [saeumen 
 
 fSraeima, to neglect, to miss, ver 
 {Ttrsindiga, to sin, versuendigen 
 
 fe 
 
 arsichara, to insure, to give se- 
 curity, versichern 
 farsinka, to sink out of sight, ver- 
 
 sinken 
 
 'arsoua, to soil, make dii*ty,versauen 
 farsucha, to try, to experience, to 
 
 taste, to tempt, versuchen 
 farstifa, drowned, ertrunken 
 farsufn'r, drunken fellow, sot, 
 
 trunkenbold 
 fart'l, fourth, viertel 
 fartrata, to trample on, represented, 
 
 zertreten, vertreten 
 fartreiwa, to drive away, vertreibea 
 fartroua, to trust,to have confidence, 
 
 vertrauen 
 
 farunsl'd, wrinkled, runzlich 
 farupil, to tear apart, zerrupfen 
 farnrsocha, to cause, verursachen 
 farwa, to dye, faerben 
 farw'r, dyer, faerber 
 farwana, to spoil, (children,) YCT- 
 woehnen [wehren 
 
 farwara, to hinder, prohibit, ver- 
 farwawra, to keep carefully, b- 
 
 wahren 
 
 farwasa, to moulder, verwesen 
 farwaslich, liable to moulder, ver- 
 weslich [weilen 
 
 farweila, to stay, to linger, ver- 
 farweksla, to change, to mistake one 
 
 for another, verwechseln 
 farwelka, to wither, verwelken 
 farward, tangled, confused, deliri- 
 ous, verwirrt 
 
 farwarka, to forfeit, verwirken 
 farwikl'd, tangled, verwickelt 
 farwos, why, warum 
 farwunara, to wonder, verwunderm 
 farwunda, to wound, verwunden 
 faryawga, to chase away, verjagen. 
 farza, fourteen, vierzehn 
 farzala, to narrate, erzahlen 
 farzawgd, to despair, verzagen 
 farzawga, timid, verzagt 
 farzarnd, angered, erzuernt 
 farzega, to wait, tarry, verziehea 
 farzoga, crooked, verzogen 
 fawsnocht, shrove Tuesday, fast- 
 nacht [pfannkuchea 
 
 faws'nochtkichlch'r, doughnuts, 
 fe, cattle, vieh 
 
 244 
 
finshl'r 
 
 r-brawawr, February, ffb-uar 
 fechta, to tight, tVchten. strei'en 
 fed, fat, lard, grease, t'ett, so tn Iz 
 fed'rshd, first, foremost, zuerst 
 fedirh, tatty, greasy, fettig 
 fedkrch'lch'r, doughnuts, pfann- 
 
 kuechlein 
 
 fedra, to feed, futttern 
 fedrilb'rt, fore legs, vorderbeine 
 fedrafes, fore feet, vorderfuesse 
 fedraz'a, front teeth, vorderzaehne 
 fedr'dek, featherbed for cover, decke 
 ied'rte, poultry, federvieh 
 fed'rfosing, bedtick, zwillich 
 fed'rg'shar, harness of the leader, 
 
 Tordergeschirr 
 fed'rkeit'l, quill, federpose 
 f^il'rmes'r, pen knife, federmessr 
 fed'rshunka, shoulder (of bacon,) 
 
 vorderschinken 
 fedsa, shreds, fetzen 
 fega, to join, fuegen 
 feg'l, birds, voegel 
 feg'liuisht, guano, vogelmist 
 teiar, fire, feuer 
 feiilra, to keep holiday, to celebrate, 
 
 to make fire, feiern, feuern 
 feiarow? , e-'t after work, feierabend 
 ieiardaw^, holiday, feiertag 
 feiarshta, flint, feu erst ein 
 feicht, moist, feucht 
 feiclitichkat, dampness, feuchtigkeit 
 t'eiga. figs, feigen 
 feind, enemy, feind 
 feila, to file, frilen 
 feindlich, hostile, feindlich 
 fi'indsheft, enmity, dislike, feind- 
 fi'iolich, violet, violet [schaft 
 
 fei'rbonil, kidney-beans, feuerbohnen 
 firbrond, burning stick, brand, 
 
 feuerbraml [leuchtwurm 
 
 ft'i'rfosr'l, iire-fiy, lightning bug, 
 fei'rhard, hearth, feuprherd 
 foi'rhol, trammel, trammel 
 fei'rich, fiery, feurig 
 fei'rlich, solemn, feierlich 
 fei'rlichkad, solemnity, celebration, 
 
 feierlich keit [viel, viele 
 
 fel, to feel, much, many, fuehlen, 
 lei, skin, pelt, fell 
 feldpredig'r, chaplain, feldprediger 
 leldhink'l, plovers, feldhuehner 
 
 felfeldich, manifold, vielfa-Mtig 
 
 felfraws, glutton, sloth, vicifrass 
 
 felich, fully, voellig 
 
 fel'rla, various, vielerlei 
 
 telsa, rocks, felsen 
 
 felsich, rocky, felsig 
 
 felya, felloe, rim of the wheel, felge 
 
 fenchel, fennel, fcnchel 
 
 fendu, public sale, oeftentlicher ver- 
 kauf ftionaer 
 
 fendukroi'r, crier, auctioneer, auk- 
 
 fenduzet'l, sale bill, auktionzettel 
 
 fens, inclose, fence, zaun 
 
 fensamous, chipmunk, ground- 
 squirrel, fen/maus, erdeichhorn 
 
 fensht'r, window, fenster 
 
 fensht'rsheib, window pane, fenster- 
 scheibe [sterrahmen 
 
 fenshd'rawma, window sash, fen- 
 
 fenshd'rsits, window sill, fenstersiti 
 
 fera, four, vier 
 
 fera, to lead, to drive, fuehren 
 
 ferbei, passing by, vorbei 
 
 ferekich, square, having four cor- 
 ners, viereckig 
 
 ferfeldich, fourfold, vierfaeltig 
 jfershbrecha, to promise, verspr?>ch- 
 en [leicht 
 
 ferleicht, perhaps, perchance, viel- 
 
 fert, fourth, vierte 
 
 fes. feet, fuesse 
 
 fesht, feast, festival, fest 
 
 fes'l, small keg, faesschen 
 
 fidelboga, fiddle-stick, violin-bogen 
 
 fiks v foxes, fuechse 
 
 fil, colt, fuellen 
 
 fils'l, fillings, stuffings, gefuelltes 
 
 filslous, crab-louse, filzlaus 
 
 fina, to find, gargol, (a hog dis- 
 ease,) finden, finnen 
 jfinera,, to veneer, veniren 
 
 finf. five, fuenf 
 
 finfliich'r Closes, pentat.puch, fuenf 
 buecher Mosis [finger kraut 
 
 finffing'rgrout, cinquefoil, fuenf- 
 
 fing'r, finger, to touch with the 
 fingers, fingern 
 
 fing'rhud, thimble, fingerhut 
 
 fing'rling, fingerstall, fingerling 
 
 fink'l, to sparkle, funkeln 
 
 fin'r, finder, finder [fenster 
 
 finshd'r, dark, window, finster, 
 
 245 
 
finshd'rnis 
 
 finshd'rnis, eclipse, finetcruiss 
 fip, 6^ cents, fi penny bit, fip 
 fishb'a, whalebone, fischbein 
 fishbrud, spawn, fischluich , 
 fisharei, fishery, fischerei 
 fishgorn. fishnet, fischnetz 
 fishhomar, sieve, fischhammer 
 flashkrawna, fishbones, fischgrae- 
 fishora, gills, fischgauinen [ten 
 
 fishreiar, heron, crane, kingfisher 
 fla, fleas, floehe [fischreiher 
 
 flagrout, smart-weed, floh kraut 
 flash, flesh, meat, flei.sch 
 flechta, to plait, flechten 
 fled' rmous, butterfly, schmetterling, 
 sommervogel [wisch 
 
 fled'rwish, feather broom, fleder- 
 flega, to fly, fliegen 
 fleg'l, flail, a scurrilous fellow, 
 flegel [flegelhaft 
 
 fleg'lhoft, scurrilous, impertinent, 
 
 fleicht, perhaps, vielleiclit 
 
 fleis, industry, fleiss 
 
 flek, a patch, fleck 
 
 flekich, spotted, soiled, fleckig 
 
 fleksa, tendons, linen, sehnen 
 
 fleisich, industrious, diligent, fleis- 
 
 flena, to weep, weinen [sig 
 
 flesend, fluent, running, fliessend 
 
 flik, full fledged, fluegge 
 
 flika, to mend, flicken 
 
 flig'l, wings, vanes, fluegel 
 
 fliud, gun, flinte 
 
 flindakulwa, flindasheft, gun stock, 
 flintenkolben 
 
 flindalawf, gunbarrel, flintenlauf 
 
 flink, quick, smart, flink 
 
 flitsha, to slip off", flitschen 
 
 flitch'r, slight crack, of the whip, 
 
 flo, flea, floh [flitscher 
 
 floch, flat, shallow, flach 
 
 flodra, flutter, flat tern 
 
 flokara, to flare, flackern 
 
 flokarich, flickering, inconstant, 
 
 floks, flax, flachs [flatterhaft 
 
 flokseida, dodder, flachsseide 
 
 flom, flame, flamme 
 
 flonel, flannel, flannell 
 
 flongera, to arrange, to rove, flon- 
 kiren 
 
 flor, floor, crape, flur, flor 
 
 flosh, flask, small bottle, flasche 
 
 foriiiidruf 
 
 finch, curse, fluch 
 fluk. fl.-..ke, fk.cke 
 flus, rheurnatisin, fluss fiob^r 
 flusfediira, lin< (if a fish, t'lossle lern 
 flusich, rheumy, fluessig 
 fiuskorela, arub^rbeads, liernsteiri- 
 korallen [thatch, tackel 
 
 f'k'l toich, bundles of straw ior 
 f J, to fall, trap, fallen, falle 
 r'ulblo, flounce, furbelow, f'alb-jl 
 folda, plaits, gathers, falten 
 folder, trap door, fallthuere 
 fuledkronkhad, epilepsy, fallende 
 
 krankheit 
 
 fulda, gathers, folds, falten 
 fold'r, bars, falter 
 fV.lsh, false, counterfeit, cross, 
 
 falsch 
 
 fulshhad, bossheit, deception, 
 tolsh \vara, perjury, meineid 
 iblga, to follow, consequences, fol- 
 gen [greifen 
 
 fonga, to catch, seize, fangen, er- 
 longz'a, tushs, fanffzaehne 
 foniwolter, ioliwulter, pound apple, 
 
 pfundapfel 
 
 for, before, befor, vor 
 forb, color, paint, farbe 
 forchd, furrow, fe.ir, furche, furcht 
 fordrefl'ch. excellent, vortrel'flich 
 forel, '.rout, fi.relle 
 foreltera, forfat'r, forgenger, ances- 
 tors, voreltern, vorvaeter, vor- 
 gaenger [geriommen 
 
 organ urn a, having concluded, vor- 
 orgeshter, day bel'ore yesterday, 
 
 vorgcstern 
 
 brg'shmisa, accused, vorgeworfen 
 brhar, previously, vorlier 
 breldra, anc stors, voreltern 
 brholda, to upbraid, vorhalten 
 "orisaer, Pharisee, Pharisaeer 
 orlesich, negligent, inattentive, 
 
 falirlaessig 
 
 orlesichkad, negligence, inatten- 
 tion, falirlaes>igke.it 
 or'm, before it. vov dem 
 urn a, in iront, betore, torne 
 'ornaiir'aw, ahead, ibrnendran 
 ornadrin, in the forepart, fornpn- 
 drin ' [-Irauf 
 
 'Hrnadruf, on the forepart, loruen- 
 
 246 
 
forn&h&r 
 
 fornuhar, ahead, forneher 
 foniilh'e. to the head, fornehin 
 fornauishd, first best, vornehraste 
 fornawma, given name, vorname 
 fornanawiigoul. horse harnessed 
 
 aside the leader, nebenpferd 
 fornanous, in advance, im voraus 
 foruanousb'zawlt, prepaid, voraus- 
 
 bezahlt 
 
 fornema, to purpose, vornehmen 
 fornis, furnace, scbmelzofen 
 forsana, to be cautious, vorsehen, 
 forshus. overshoot, vorschuss 
 forshtaer, deacon, vorsteher 
 forsichtich, cautious, vorsichtig 
 forshtelung, imagine, vorstellun^ 
 forshdrand, strained, verrenkt 
 fort, away, fort [dauern 
 
 fortdoura, to continue, to last, fort- 
 forwich, colored, farbig 
 forwidsich, rash, indiscrete, vor- 
 
 witzig 
 
 ferzawgt, bashful, verzagt 
 forzug, preference, vorzug 
 fos, pi. fes'r, cask, barrel, fass 
 fosa, to measure into bags, (grain) 
 
 to put into hives, (bees,) fassen 
 fosnocht, Shrove Tuesday, fastnacht 
 fosht, fast, fest, festen 
 foshtazeit, Lent, fastenzeit 
 fot'r, father, vater 
 foul, lazy, rotten, not right, faul 
 foulensar, sluggard, faulen.zer 
 foulhad, laziness, faulheit 
 foulhols, diptheria, halsbraeune 
 fousht, fist, faust 
 f r, for, fuer 
 fraw, wife, frau 
 
 fraa, to be glad, to be joyful, freuen 
 fraf 1, blasphemy, outrage, frevel 
 fraf Ihoft, blasphemous, outrageous, 
 
 frevelhaft [froehlich 
 
 fralich, joyful, merry, cheerful, 
 fre, early, frueh 
 frech, impudent, saucy, frech 
 freda, peace, frieden 
 fredensrichd'r, justice of the peace, 
 
 friedensrichter [lich 
 
 fredlich, peaceful, amicable, fried- 
 frei, free, exempt, clear, frei 
 im freia, in the open air, im freien 
 freiarei, courtship, wooing, freierei 
 
 mi 
 
 freiedefoi'r, bonfire, freudenfeuer 
 freidog, Friday, freitag 
 freigewich, charitable, hospitable, 
 
 freigebig 
 
 freigewa, treilusa, to set free, tore- 
 lease, freigeben, freilassen 
 freihad, liberty, freedom, freiheit 
 freilich, certainly, to be sure, frei- 
 
 iich 
 
 freimourar, free mason, freimaurer 
 freind, friend, freund 
 frein'Uich, friendly, freundlich 
 freind shaft, friendship, freundshaft 
 freiwilich, voluntarily, freiwillig 
 freling, freyor, season of spring, 
 
 fruehling, fruehjahr 
 frem, strange, fremd 
 freob'l, harvest apple, frueh apfel 
 frera to freeze, friereu 
 fresa, to eat, fressen 
 fridz, Frederic, Fritz 
 frish, fresh, cold, frisch 
 frish brod, new bread, frisch brot 
 fris'l, rash, masern [verkehrt 
 
 f rkart, topsy turvey, mixed up, 
 fro, glad, happy, joyful, froh 
 froga, to ask, fragen 
 frok, question, inquiry, frage 
 fronsla, fringes, franzen 
 fronslich, fringed, befranzt 
 fronzaish, French, franzoesisch 
 fronzosa, pox, gonorrhoea, tripper 
 frotzhons, dude, fop, fratz, geek 
 f rsana, administered, versehen 
 frotsich, foppish, fratzich 
 f shtard, scared, verstoert 
 frucht, grain, korn, getreide 
 fruchtbawr, fruitful, fertile, frucht. 
 
 bar 
 
 fruchtkom'r, granary, fruchtkammer 
 fruchtkron, beard, fruchtgranne 
 fruchtplonsa, cereals, getreide 
 frush, frog, frosch 
 frzala, to narrate, erzaehlen 
 fud'r, feed, fodder, futter 
 fudra to demand, fordern 
 fufza, fifteen, fuenfzehn 
 fufzich, fifty, fuenfzig 
 fug'l, pi. feg'l, bird, vogel 
 fuks, fox, fuchs ^ 
 
 fuksgoul, sorrel horse, fuchs ^ 
 ful, full, voll 
 
 247 
 
fulenda, finish, vollenden 
 fiilk, people, nation, volk 
 fulkuma, perfect, entirely, vollkom 
 
 men 
 
 fiillicht, full moon, vollmond 
 fulstenich, complete, vollstaendig 
 fum a, of a, von einem, er 
 fundament, foundation, fundament 
 funk a, spark, funke 
 fur, team, fuhre 
 furmon, teamster, fuhrmann 
 furmonsgash'l, horse whip, peitsche 
 furcht, fear, fright, furcht 
 fus, foot, fuss 
 
 fusgeng'r, pedestrian, fussgaenger 
 fus'r, fuzz, faser 
 fusrich, fuzzy, faserig 
 
 Q 
 
 g'ga, denotes past time, and is the 
 
 same, as ed added to a verb. 
 ga, to go, gehen 
 * gaa, steep, jaeh 
 
 gawb, gave, gift, gabe [baeht 
 
 gabad, prayer, toasted, gebet, ge- 
 gabei, building, gebaeude 
 gabelk, beams, gebaelk 
 gabikt, bowed, stopped, gebueckt 
 gabis, teeth, bit, gebiss 
 gabledsht, spanked, geschlagen 
 gabled'lt, stripped, entblaettert 
 gablet, blood, bloom, Jgebluet, ge- 
 i^blueht [geblieben 
 
 gabliwa, staid, fallen in battle, ge- 
 gabora, born, geboren [lich 
 
 gabreichlich, customary, gebraeuch- 
 gaborgt, borrowed, geborgt 
 gabrouch, custom, gebrauch 
 gabr'ucha, broken, gebrochen 
 gabrucht, brought, gebracht 
 gabud, bid, gebot 
 gabuna, bound, gebunden 
 gabund, bundle of straw, gebund 
 gaburtsdog, birthday, geburtstag 
 gadard, dried, gedoerrt 
 gadechtnis, memory, gedaechtniss 
 gadera, animals, gethier 
 gadicht, poem, gedicht [ken 
 
 gadonka, thoughts, revery, gedan- 
 gadoo, gadua, done, gethan 
 gadrenk, beverage, liquors, getraenk 
 gadrei, faithful, getreu 
 
 gadrult, walked, getrollt 
 gadshumpt, jumped, gesprungen 
 gaduld, patience, geduld 
 gaduldich, patient, geduldig 
 gaheimnis, mystery, geheimniss 
 g'fres, ugly face, eating iiuuioder- 
 
 ately, fratze, fressen 
 gahorsom, obedient, dutiful, obe- 
 dience, gehorsam 
 gakreid'r, herbs, kraeuter 
 gakreid'rsub, vegetable soup, ge- 
 
 muesesuppe 
 
 gakwula, swelled, gequollen . 
 gal, yellow, gelb 
 galag, layers, schichte 
 galarnd, learned, gelehrt [keit 
 galarsomkad, learning, gelehrsam- 
 galebt, loved, beloved, geliebt 
 galeg, layer, gelege 
 galegahad, opportunity, occasion, 
 
 gelegenheit 
 
 galind, soft, smooth, mild, gelind 
 galing, heart, liver and lights of a 
 
 slaughtered beast, gekroese 
 galreb, carrot, moehre, gelbruebe 
 galfifa, walked, gegangen 
 galweshb, yellow jacket, gelbe wespe 
 gam 'a, congregation, gemeinde 
 gamasheftlich, in common, union, 
 
 gememsehaftlich 
 
 gamech, sexual organs, gemaecht 
 gamawDt., to remind, gemahnen 
 ganou, exact, accurate, genau 
 ganunk, enough, sufficient, genug 
 gaprfifazeid, predicted, foretold, 
 
 prophezeit 
 
 gawelb, arch, gewoelbe 
 gawr, sufficiently cooked, gar 
 gawr, quite, gar 
 gawrkeni, none at all, garkein 
 gawr net, not at all, gar nicht 
 gawr niks, nothing at all, gar nichts 
 garawduwol, hap hazard, gerathe- 
 
 wohl 
 
 gawrda, garden, garten 
 garden, guardian, vormund 
 gardla, gardening, gaerteln 
 
 dPr, gardri'r, gardener, gaertner 
 ^arecht, just, equitable, gerecht 
 yarechtichkad, justice, gerechtigkeit 
 
 eish, slight noise, geraeusch 
 jara, to ferment, gaehren 
 
 248 
 
goring 
 
 garing, trifling, gering 
 
 garishd, scaffold, made ready, ge- 
 
 ruesst, geruestet 
 
 garishdhals, put log, gerueststange 
 garn, willingly, gladly, gern 
 g'arnd, harvested, geerntet 
 garshd, barley, gerste 
 garuch, odor, geruch 
 garw'r, tanner, gerber 
 garwarei, tannery, gerberei 
 garwargrub, tanners' vat, gerber 
 
 grube 
 gas, gasbuk, goat, he-goat, geis, 
 
 ziege, ziegenbock 
 gashel, whip, peitsche 
 gasheft, business, geschaeft 
 gashenk, present, geschenk 
 gashikd, handy, smart, expert, ge- 
 
 schickt [schlecht 
 
 gashlecht, sex, generation, ge- 
 gashmok, taste, geschmack 
 gasichd, face, gesicht [farbe 
 
 gasichdsforb, complexion, gesichs- 
 gashprach, conversation, gespraech 
 gashtolt, frame, gestell 
 gashwind, fast, quick, gcschwind 
 gasong, singing, gesang 
 gasund, healthy, sound, hale, ge- 
 
 sund v 
 
 gasundhad, health, gesundheit 
 gat, gats, goes, geht, gehts 
 gatrei, faithful, getreu [gend 
 
 gagend, region, neighborhood, ge- 
 gazuga, removed, gezogen 
 g'blached, bleached, gebleicht 
 g'blodshd, (zoma) beaten hard and 
 
 compact, zusammengeklopft 
 g'blut, bled, geblutet 
 g'boga, bent, gebogen 
 g'demt, boiled, stewed, gedaempft 
 g'denka, to remember, g2denken 
 gedishd'lerd, distilled, rectified, 
 geiar, vulture, geier [distillirt 
 
 geig'r, fiddler, geiger 
 geik, fiddle, geige 
 geil, horses, pferde [thierarzt 
 
 geilsdukd'r, vet. surgeon, farrier, 
 geilskesht, horse chestnut, kasta- 
 
 nien 
 
 geisht, spirit, apparition, geist 
 geits, avarice, geiz 
 geitshols, miser, geizhals 
 
 g'lawf 
 
 geitsich, stingy, miserly, geizig 
 gel, is it not so, gelt 
 geld, money, geld 
 geldsok, purse, geldbeutel 
 gemla, to gamble, spielen 
 gens, geese, gaense 
 gensblum, daisy, gaenseblume 
 genslich, to tally, entirely, ganz 
 gesa, to sprinkle, to cast, giessen 
 gesar, founder, giesser 
 gesegd, conquered, gesiegt 
 geshd'r, yesterday, gestern 
 geskon, watering pot, giesskanne 
 gewa, given, gegeben 
 gewisa, conscience, gewissen 
 geyam'r, geyom'r, moans, klagen 
 geyora, fermented, gegohren 
 g'farlich, perilous, g^taehrlich 
 g'fecht, fighting, fight, gefecht 
 g'fel, feeling, sense of touch, gefuehl 
 g'felichkad, favor, gefaelligkeit 
 g'felkd, fallowed, gefelgt [sand 
 g'fladsd'rsond, quicksand, quick- 
 g'fiuchda, plaited, geflochten 
 g'foch, fence panel, gefach 
 'fola, fallen, pleased with, gefallen 
 ^'foold, imposed upon, genarrt 
 g'for, danger, gefahr 
 g'frore, frozen, gefroren 
 g'funa, found, gefunden 
 g'gusa, sprinkled, cast, gegossen 
 'has, command, geheiss 
 ?'heiart, married, verheirathet 
 ^'hulfa, helped, geholfen 
 yichtara, convulsions, gichtern, 
 
 kraempfe 
 
 gichtros, piony, gichtrose 
 rift, poison, gift 
 
 giftshwom, toadstool, giftschwamm 
 ginihink'l, guinea fowl, perlhuhn 
 
 re, killdeer, 
 
 , top, gipfel 
 rips, gypsum, plaster, gyps 
 ;iw'l, gable, giebel 
 iw'lend, gable-end, giebelend 
 gla, clover, klee 
 r,l'a, small, little, klein 
 
 , believe, glaube 
 /lad, garment, kleid 
 
 , to clothe, kleiden 
 , key of a piano, taste 
 
 walking to and fro, gelauf 
 
 249 
 
glawg 
 
 glawg, complaint, klage 
 glanashlongaworzl, seneca snake 
 
 root, kleine schlangenwurzel 
 glaws, glass, glas 
 
 glas, track of a wagon, rut, geleise 
 gled, member, glied 
 gleda, burdock, kletten 
 gledich, red hot, gluehend 
 gledwos'r, gliedwasser 
 glei, without delay, soon, sogleich 
 gleia, bran, kleie 
 gleich, equal, gleich 
 gleich a, to like, gern haben 
 gleichg' wicht, equilibrium,. balance, 
 
 gleichgewicht 
 
 gleichnis, parable, gleichniss 
 gleichaward, par value, al pari 
 glema, to pinch, klemmen 
 glenshd, smallest, least, kleinste 
 glesaawg, wall eye, glasauge 
 glesur, glazing, glasur 
 glidzara, to glitter, schimmern 
 glidsarich, glittering, glitternd 
 glidshich, slippery, glatt 
 glik'rs, marbles, murmeln 
 glikwinsha, congratulate, glueck- 
 
 wuenschen 
 
 gloafes, cloven feet,gespalten klauen 
 gioafet, neats' foot-oil, klauenfett 
 globord, pales, staketen 
 glofd'r, cord, klafter 
 glofer, piano, clavier 
 glom, clump, klammcr 
 glons, shine, splendor, glanz 
 glot, smooth, glatt 
 glowa, staple, kloben 
 g'lufa, walked, gelaufen 
 gluk, hen, cluck, glucke 
 gluk, bell, glocke [me 
 
 glukablum, columbine, glockenblu- 
 glumpa, lump, klumpen 
 g'mawd, swath, schwaden 
 g'mes, vegetables, gemuese 
 g'mist, obliged, forced, muessen 
 gnawd, grace, gnade 
 gnadich, gracious, gnaedig 
 g'nik, joint of the neck, genick 
 gnucha, bone, knochen 
 gnuchich, bony, knochig 
 g'numa, taken, required, genommen 
 gnup, button, knopf 
 gnupluch, button-hole, knopfioch 
 
 gre>hbaw 
 
 god, godmother, gothe patbin 
 go fa, look idly, gaften 
 gogelskorner, cocculus Indicus 
 gogsa, cackle, gackelu 
 godelskarn, coculus Indicus, fisch- 
 
 beeren, kraehenaugen 
 gol, gallon, bile, gallone, galle 
 golarich, soused pigsfeet, gallerte 
 goldwortzel, goldenseed, j;oklwurzeJ 
 golrawb, colerabi. kohlrabi 
 golrewa, ruta baga, kohlrueben 
 golga, gallows, galgen 
 gomb'r, camphor, kampfer 
 gonga, gone, went, gegangen 
 gong, entry, corridor, gang 
 gons, goose, entirely, totally, ganz, 
 
 gans 
 
 gonsard, gander, gaenserich 
 gorg'l, throat, gargle, gurgel 
 gorjel, cordial, herzstaerkung 
 gorg'lreisar, an implement used by 
 
 coopers, kuefermesser 
 goul, horse, pferd 
 gound, frock, dress, kleid 
 gounsha, to swing, schaukeln 
 gowel, fork, gabel 
 gowelzinka, prow of a fork, gabel- 
 
 zinken 
 
 gradstgrum, wet and dried 
 gra-awg, corn, huehnerauge 
 grawb, tomb, grave, grab 
 grawbmoch'r, grave digger, (pall 
 
 bearer, ) grabmacher 
 grawd, straight, exactly, gerade 
 grambera, cranberries, moosbeeren 
 grawna, stop-cock, fish bones, spigot, 
 
 krahn, fish gaerten 
 grandad, grandfather, grossvater 
 -grand' 1, beam of plow, pflugbaum 
 graws, grass, gras 
 grawsfresend-geder, graminiverous, 
 
 animals, grasfrcssende thiere 
 gras'r, greater, groesser 
 grashd, greatest, groeste 
 greds, itch, kraetze 
 greid, chalk, kreide 
 greisha, to cry, to halloo, schreien 
 gren, green, gruen 
 grendunarshdog, Maunday-Thurs- 
 
 day, gruen Donnerstag "* 
 gresa, to greet, remember, gruessen 
 greshbaw, verdigris, gruenspan 
 
 250 
 
grgtsich 
 
 gretsich, crabbed, itchy, kraetzig 
 grewa, crackles, grieben 
 grewar, coarser, groeber 
 gribabis'r, cribbing horse, eribber, 
 
 krij. penbeisser 
 grip'l, cripple, krueppel 
 grif, clip of a horseshoe, stollen 
 grimdorm, colon, large intestine, 
 
 griinmdarm 
 
 grick, to get, creek, kriesren, bach 
 grind, scab, grind, schorf 
 grishd, prepared, vorbereiten 
 grishdera, to apply a clyster, to 
 
 plague, klysliren 
 
 gi-islich, dreadiul, terrible, greulich 
 griwia, sensation produced hy the 
 
 crawling of a small insect, krib- 
 
 beln. krabbvln 
 gro, gray, grau 
 grub, crow, kraehe 
 grobsha, to gra-p. greifen 
 g'roda, counseled, geratlien 
 grodsich, mouldy, verschimmelt 
 grogala, to quarrel, krakeelen 
 grouions'l, flummery, geschwatz 
 gromp, spasms, convulsions, krampf 
 gratis, border, wreath, kranz, rand 
 grup, m.dder. k -jtpp 
 gros, large, big. gross 
 groudsolawt, cole-slaw, kohlsalat 
 grouns, grounds, bodensatz 
 grounzich, ill-natured, verdriesslicli 
 grout, cabbage, vegetation, kohl, 
 growla, to crawl, kriechen [kraut 
 grub, pit, grube 
 grub, coarse, rough, rude, grob 
 grtiba. to grub, rod en 
 giubliok, pickaxe, grubbing hoe, 
 
 rodenhacke 
 
 grubs, brush, rodeliecken 
 g'rucliii, smelled, gerochen 
 grud;lbolsom, penny royal, balsam 
 grud.'.gigsar, toadbleeder, kroeten- 
 
 stecher 
 
 grudlrawd, groundsel, grundelreben 
 gvuru, crooked, krumm 
 grumbar, potatoe. kartoffel 
 griimbuklich, bent, humpbacked, 
 
 gebueckt, bucklich 
 grumla, to grumble, brummen 
 grumlich, prone to grun*ble, muer- 
 
 risch 
 
 gukuk ^ 
 
 g'runa, coagulated, curdled (milk,) 
 
 clotted (blood,) geronnen 
 grundnis, peanuts, grundnuesse 
 grundsou, groundhog, woodchuck, 
 
 hamster 
 
 grushd, crust, frolic, kruste 
 grus'lbera, goose berries, stachel- 
 
 beeren 
 
 gruslich, gristly, graesslich 
 grutzich, small, klein 
 gruwar, coarse, grob 
 g'sawt, said, told, gesagt 
 g'selshoft, company, gesellschaft 
 g'shada, divorced, geschieden 
 g'shar, harness, geschirr 
 g'shar, tools, plates, earthen ware, 
 
 essgeschirr 
 
 g'shbos, fun, pleasure, spass 
 g'sheit, intelligent, gescheit 
 g'shenk, present, gift, geschenk 
 g'shicbta, stories, tales, geschichten 
 g'shlaft, dragged, schleifen 
 g'shmidn'rnog'l, wrought nail, ge- 
 
 schmiedeter nagel 
 g'shmokd'rhinarshunka, gamon, 
 
 ham, rinds schinken 
 ;r'si iMch, conversation, gespraech 
 g'shpretl'd, spread, ausgebreitet 
 g'shroda, chopped, ground coarsely, 
 
 geschrotet [stiefelt 
 
 g'shtiweld, walked, fitted up, ge- 
 g'slitaha, to own, gestehen 
 g'shtoucht, sprained, verstaucht 
 g'shtucha, pierced, stabbed, ge- 
 
 stochen 
 
 g'shtuptaful, full to the utmost ca- 
 pacity, gestopft voll 
 g'shulta, scolded, gescholten 
 g'shuna, flayed, geschunden 
 g'shusa, shot, geschossen 
 g'shwara, biles, gcschwuere 
 g'shwind, quick, without delay, ge- 
 
 schwind [geschwister 
 
 g'shwishdara, brothers and sisters, 
 g'shwishd'r kin'r, cousins, vettern 
 g'shwora, sworn, vowed,geschworen 
 g'shwula, swollen, geschwollen 
 g'sufa, drunk, gesoifen, betrunken 
 gudrechich, fragrant, wohlriechend 
 guk, look, sehen, gucken 
 gukgum'r, gum' r, cucumber, gurke 
 gukuk, cuckoo, kukuk 
 
 251 
 
guld 
 
 guld, gold, gold 
 
 [tinctur 
 
 guMendoor, golden tincture, gold 
 
 guldomsh'l, oriole, goldamsel 
 
 gum a, gum tree 
 
 gus, cast iron, gusseisen 
 
 gusduch, gusset, gos^tuch 
 
 gut, God, Gott 
 
 gut, good, gut 
 
 guw rrier, Governor, gouverneur 
 
 g' \franlich, commonly, ordinarily, 
 
 gewoehnlich 
 
 g'warit, accustomed, gewoehnt 
 g'wurb, joint, gewerbe 
 g' wards, spices, gewuerz 
 g'weks, tumor, gewaechs 
 g'weksa, plants, gewaechse 
 g'welb, arch, gewoelbe 
 g'west, been, gewesen 
 g'wicht, weight, gewicht 
 g'win, gain, thread of a screvr, ge- 
 
 win, gewinde 
 g'wis, certainly, gewiss 
 g'wisa, shown, conscience, gewie- 
 
 sen, gezeigt, gewissen 
 g'wit'r, thunder storm, gewitter 
 g'wit'r root, lightning rod, blitz- 
 
 ableiter 
 
 g'wolt, power, violence, gewalt 
 g'woltich, powerful, very, gewaltig, 
 g'wult, wished, gewollt [sehr 
 
 g'zuga, raised, moved, gezogen 
 g'zwilichd, twilled, gezwillicht 
 
 H 
 
 ha, hight, hoehe 
 
 hawb, have, haben, habe 
 
 hawbdsum, principal at interest, 
 
 hauptsumme 
 
 habgorn, dip net, hebnetz 
 bach'r, higher, hoeher 
 hakela, to work, crotchet, haekeln 
 hakelcha, crotchet needle, haekel, 
 
 haken 
 
 haksht, highest, hoechste 
 halar, concealer, receiver of stolen 
 
 goods, hehler 
 
 halings, on the sly, hehlings 
 ham, home, heim, zu hause 
 hamdikish, full of evil designs, 
 
 heimtucckisch 
 hamet, home, heimath [fuehl 
 
 hechtgrout 
 
 hamg'mocht, domestic goods, ein- 
 
 heimische gueter 
 
 hamlich, secret, secretly, heimlich 
 hamwa, homesickness, heimweh 
 hamzus, homeward, nach haus 
 hawna, cock, rooster, hahn 
 hancha, cockerel, haehnchen 
 har, hither, hear, her, hoere 
 bar, mister, Lord, herr 
 hara, to hear, hoeren 
 harda, to harden, haerten 
 harafog'l, jay, wiedehopf 
 harasawga, hear say, hoeren sagen 
 harbsht, fall, Autumn, herbst 
 hard, flock, drove, heerde 
 hardgros, herdgrass, heerdegras 
 harkuma, to come from, herkom- 
 ing, herrlich 
 
 [ in g 
 idid, 
 
 harn, brain, gehirn 
 
 harnshadel, harnshawl, skull, hirn- 
 
 schaedel [haut 
 
 harnshad'lhout, pericranium, hirn- 
 haroish, bold, heroisch 
 harous, out of it, heraus 
 harsh, deer, hirsch 
 harshflash, venison, hirsch-fleisch 
 harshgros, millet, hirsegras 
 hars iorngeisht. ammonia, harts- 
 
 horn, hirschhorngeist [kuh 
 
 harsh koo, roe, female deer, hirsch- 
 harshtoma, to be descended from, 
 
 herstammen, abstammen 
 harts, heart, herz 
 hartsfel, pericardium, herzbeutel 
 hartshoftich, courageous, bold, 
 
 herzhaft 
 
 hartsich, beloved, dear, herzig 
 hartsklupa, throbbing, palpitation 
 
 of the heart, hertzklopfen 
 bartskom'r, ventricle, herzkammer 
 hartsworz'l, tap root, herzwurzel 
 haws, rabbit, hare, hase 
 hasa, to request, heels, heissen, 
 
 nennen [klee 
 
 hawsa,-gla, French-clover, hasen- 
 hasahuls, gambrel, hessenholz 
 hawa, to hold, to lift, halten, heben 
 heweisa, crowbar, hebeisen, brech,- 
 
 hech'l, hatchel, hechel 
 hecht, pike, techt 
 
 [eisen 
 fkraut 
 
 hamgafel, hometeeling, heimathge-j hechtgrout, pickerel-weed, hecht- 
 
 252 
 
hitsich 
 
 hechtsa, to pant, to loll, lechzen 
 hefa, pots, crockery, toepfe 
 hefnar, potter, toepfer 
 heftich, violent, strongly, heftig 
 heichalei, hypocrisy, heuchelei 
 heichla. to simulate, heucheln 
 heichlar, hypocrite, heuchler 
 heida, heathen, pagans, heiden 
 heifich, frequently, haeufig 
 heifts, hives, heaves, keuchen 
 heila, to cry, to weep, weinen,heu- 
 
 len 
 
 heilich, holy, sacred, heilig 
 heilmit'l, remedy, heilmittel 
 heilond, Saviour, heiland 
 heiru, to marry, heirathen 
 heisar, houses, haeuser 
 heislich, domestic, homely, haeus- 
 heit, to-day, heute [lich 
 
 heitigesdogs, at the present time, 
 
 heutiges tages 
 
 heka, shrubs, hedge, gestraeuch, 
 hel, clear, hell [hecken 
 
 heks'l, fine cut straw, haecksel 
 helfa, to help, aid, helfen 
 helft, half, haelfte 
 heling, cavity, hollow, hoehlung 
 helm, helve, stiel 
 helt, holds, keeps, haelt 
 hem, shirt, hemd 
 
 hem'rpreis, wristband, hemdenpreis 
 hen, have, haben 
 hendich, handy, convenient, ge- 
 
 s-chickt, bequem 
 
 hendl'r, trader or dealer, haendler 
 heng'l, bunch, gekaenge 
 hengst, stallion, hengst 
 henk, hang, handle, haengen, hand- 
 habe [kelglas 
 
 fcenk agios, tankard, goblet, hen- 
 henkar, hangman, henker 
 henkbouch, paunch, protruding- 
 belly, schmeerbauch [schuh 
 henshing, gloves or mittens, hand- 
 herum, round about, herum 
 hernhud'r, Moravian, herrnhuter 
 herichta, to ruin, to spoil, hinrich- 
 ten, vernichten [stuerzen 
 he-shtardsa, to fall headlong, hin- 
 hesich, of this country, hiesig 
 heslich, ugly, haesslich 
 het, had, would, have, haette 
 
 het, hats, huete 
 
 hetmoch'n, milliner, putzmacherin 
 hetsa, to set a dog at, to set at log- 
 gerheads, hetzen 
 
 hibsch, pretty, handsome, huebsch 
 hifta, thigh, hip, huefte 
 hiftalawm, hipshot, hueftenlahm 
 hikarnis, hickory nuts, hickory- 
 
 nuesse 
 hikarnisshawla,hickory nut shucks, 
 
 hickory nuss schalen 
 hikla, to hop on one leg, huepfen 
 hilf, help, huelfe 
 hilsn'rhom'r, mallet, hoelzerner 
 
 hammer 
 
 himel, him'l, heaven, sky, himmel 
 himmlish, celestial, heaven ly,himm- 
 
 lisch melfahrtstag 
 
 him'lfortdog, ascension day, him- 
 hin, hither, towards, hin 
 hina, behind, hinten 
 hinadraw, behind the rest, behind 
 
 hand, hintendran 
 hinadrin, in the hindpart, Mntea- 
 
 drin [Irauf 
 
 hiuadruf, on the hi*d p&rt, hlnten- 
 hinanei, into the nindpart, hinten- 
 
 nein 
 
 hinano, in ^ rear, hintennach 
 hinara, to hinder, to prevent, hin- 
 
 dern [hinderlich 
 
 hinarlich, cumbrous, troublesome, 
 hinarlusa, to leave behind, hinter- 
 
 lassen 
 hinarliisashoft, estate of a deceased 
 
 person, hinterlassenschaft 
 hinarlus'na widfrav, relict, hinter- 
 
 lassene wittwe 
 
 hinarshd, hindmost, hinterste. letzte 
 hinarshunka, ham, hinter schinken 
 hinnich, after, hinter 
 hinkel, chicken, huhn, huehner 
 hinkeldorrn, hen-bit, huehnerdarm 
 hinkelkewich, hinkelkoshta, chick- 
 en coop, huehnerkasten 
 hinkel shtol, chicken coop, hueh- 
 
 nerstall 
 
 hinlenglich, sufficient, hinlaenglich 
 hin'rgaa, to deceive, hintergehen 
 hin'rgonga, deceived, hintergangen 
 hits, heat, hitze 
 hitsich, fervent, hitzig 
 
 253 
 
hitspiik 
 
 hitspuka, prickly heat, hitzpocken 
 
 hiw'l, hill, huegel 
 
 hiw'lich, hilly, huegelig 
 
 hob, have, habe 
 
 hoch, high, hoch 
 
 hocha-shool, high school, hoheschule 
 
 hochochta, to esteem, respect, hoch- 
 
 achtea 
 
 hof, yard, hof [ nun g 
 
 hofnung, hope, expectation, hoff 
 hofashift-b, potsherd, topfscherben 
 hofta un hoka, hooks and eyes, 
 
 haken und oesen 
 
 hoi, hay, heu [ernte 
 
 hoiet, haymaking, heumachen, heu- 
 hoiho-nfa, hay cock, heuhaufen 
 noire f, hay rack, heureff [ke 
 
 hoishrek'r, grasshopper, heuschrek- 
 hok, hoe, hacke 
 hoka, hook, haken 
 hokmes'r, cleaver, hackmesser 
 hoi, hollow, hohl 
 hola, to fetch, holcn 
 holb, holwar, half, halb 
 holb leina, linsey-woolsey, so and 
 
 so, halb leinen 
 
 holbnocht, midnight, mitternacht 
 holbshtiw'l, bootees, lace-shoe, halb- 
 
 stiefel 
 holbshtreng, chains forming the end 
 
 of traces, hals-straenge 
 holbyarich, semi-annually, six 
 
 months old, halbjaehrig 
 hold, halt, halt 
 
 holda, to hold, to keep, halten 
 holftar, halter, halfter [riemen 
 holft'rrema, halter strap, halfter- 
 holm, blade, stalk, halm 
 holondworz'l, elecampane, aland- 
 hols, neck, hals [wurzel 
 
 holsbond, collar, necklace, halsband 
 holsduch, neekkerchief, shawl, hals- 
 
 tuch 
 
 holsg'nick, neck-joint, halsgemck 
 holsgrawga, cravat, cravatte 
 holsouszarung, bronchitis, halsaus- 
 
 zehrung 
 
 holswa, sore throat, halsweh 
 holta, to hold, to keep, halten 
 holunk, rascal, thief, halunke 
 holwak, sunken road, hohlweg 
 holwar, half, halb 
 
 houch 
 
 holwargoul. dock ampfer 
 homarshlog, the ashes of iron, slack, 
 
 dross, hammerschlag 
 hond. hand, hand 
 
 hondbord, hawk (used by plaster- 
 ers, ) handbrett [handel 
 hondel, commerce, trade, business, 
 hondlong'r, tender, hod carrier, 
 
 handlanger 
 hondrig'l, banisters, treppeuojelaen- 
 
 der [schrift 
 
 hondahrift, hand-writing, hand- 
 hondduch, towel, handtuch 
 hondwark, trade, handwerk 
 hondwarks mOn, mechanic, hand- 
 
 werksmann [gesehirr 
 
 hondwarks g'shiir, tools, handwerks 
 honft, hemp, hanf 
 hong, slope, declivity, inclinations 
 
 abhang, hang 
 hoiis, Jack, general nickname for 
 
 a German, hans 
 honsworsht, clown, a silly fellow, 
 
 hanswurst 
 
 hoofeisa, horse shoe, hufeisen 
 hoopsa, to hop, hupsen, huepfen 
 hoorakind, bastard, hurenkmd 
 hooshta, cough, husten 
 hoot, hat, hut 
 
 hootmoch'r, hatter, hutmacher 
 hor, hair, haar 
 horch, hark, listen, horch 
 hord, hort, hard, hart 
 hord geld, coin, specie, hart geld 
 hordich, swift, quick, hurtig 
 hordleiwich, costive, verstopft 
 hordsich, resinous, harzig 
 horll, harp, harfe 
 horning, February, hornung 
 horn, horn, horn 
 hornas'l, hornet, hornisse 
 hort, hard, hart 
 hos, hatred, hate, hass 
 hosa, to hate, to dislike, hassan 
 hosbbidawl, hospital, hospital 
 hoshbel, reel, a silly bustling fellow, 
 
 haspel [chc 
 
 hos'lheka, hazel brush, haselstraeu- 
 hos'lnis, filberts, haselnuesse 
 hospouar, horse power, pferdekrafk 
 hos wip, cow-hide, ochsenziemer 
 houch, breath, hauch 
 
 254 
 
houbdshtik 
 
 houbdshtik, principal part, haupt- 
 stueck 
 
 houeha, to breathe, hauchen 
 
 houfa, heap, pile, haufcu 
 
 houns, hound, jagdhund 
 
 housmit'l, home remedy, hausmittel 
 
 hous, outside, aussen 
 
 hous, pi. heis'r, house, haus 
 
 housrod, furniture, hausrath 
 
 housrod-shreinar, cabinet maker, 
 moebel schreiner 
 
 bout, skin, haut 
 
 howa, to have, haben 
 
 howeswart, worth having, habens- 
 
 howel, plane, hobel [werth 
 
 howelbonk, a joiners' workbench, 
 hobelbank 
 
 howeh'pa, shavings, hobelspaene 
 
 how'r, oats, hafer 
 
 how'rgas, katydid, grille 
 
 hub, hop, hopfen 
 
 huchzich, wedding, hochzeit 
 
 hud'l, rag, tatter, hudel 
 
 hudla, hudlarei, to do work in a 
 hasty and unsatisfactory manner ; 
 also to extinguish live coal and 
 sweep up ashes in an oven, by 
 means of a wet rag fastened to a 
 pole. Doing work in a hasty man- 
 ner, hudlen, hudlerei 
 
 hudlich, in a hasty manner, hudlich 
 
 hud'l lumpa, a wet rag for clean- 
 ing an oven, wisciulumpen 
 
 hu<!sh, hudshli, foal, colt, fuellen 
 
 hudsla, dried fruit, uncut, hutzeln 
 
 hudslich, shriveled, verhutzelt 
 
 huka, to sit, to take a seat, sitzen, 
 sich setzen 
 
 hul'r, elder, flieder 
 
 huTr-buTr, helter skelter, hast du 
 nicht gesehn, siehst du doch 
 
 huls, wood, holz 
 
 hulsplods, place for chopping wood, 
 holzplatz 
 
 hulsbuk, saw-buck, holzbock 
 
 hulsb'shlawga, hewing timber, holz 
 schlagen 
 
 hulsfawron, sweet fern, holz fahien, 
 reinfahren 
 
 holskola, charcoal, holzkohlen 
 
 halw'r, half, halo 
 
 hum'l, bumble bee, hummel 
 
 iwel 
 
 huna, below, unten 
 hun'rt, hundred, hundert 
 hungar, hunger, hunger 
 hungrich, hungry, hungrig 
 hung'rsnod, famine, hungersnoth 
 hunich, honey, honig 
 hunichfog'l, humming bird, colibri 
 hunichsuk'l, honey suckle, capri- 
 
 folium, geisblatt 
 hun'rtyarich fesht, Centennial, 
 
 hundertjaehriges fest 
 hun'rtyor, century, jahrhundert 
 hunsgrout, toad flax, leinkraut 
 hundshtol, kennel, hundstall 
 hunt, dog, ound 
 hup'l, hobble, hoppel . 
 hupsa, to hop, jump, skip, huepfen 
 husa. pantaloons, breeches, hosen 
 husadray'r, suspenders, hosen- 
 
 traeger 
 
 husla, to raffle, hosselen, wuerfeln 
 hut, has, hat 
 hut, nat, hut 
 hutzuk'r, loaf sugar, hutzucker 
 
 I 
 
 ich, I, ich 
 
 ilei, Elias, Elias 
 
 im, ima, in a, in einem, im 
 
 imbar, ginger, immer 
 
 im'rfurt, always, immerfort 
 
 im'rma, more and more, immer 
 
 mehr 
 
 im'rwarend, perpetually, everlast- 
 ing, immerwaehrend 
 ims, meal, mahlzeit 
 imszeit, time for a meal, essenszeit 
 inaiiich, internal, innerlich 
 indresa, interest, interessen, zinsen 
 ingaweida, entrails, bowels, iutes- 
 
 tines, eingeweide 
 inhold. contents, inhalt 
 insel, island, insel 
 insh, iushing, Indian, Indians, In- 
 
 dianer 
 
 inshineer, engineer, ingenieur 
 inshinorub'r, caoutchouc, Indian 
 
 rubber, gurnim elasticum 
 inshlich, tallow, talg 
 inwenich, inside, inwendig 
 iwel, nauseated, expecting to vomit, 
 uebel 
 
 255 
 
iwel 
 
 iwel, evil, bad, calamitous, uebel 
 iw'ldad'r, malefactor, uebelthaeter 
 iwar, iw'r, over, past, again, ueber, 
 
 vorueber, wieder [weile 
 
 iw'rweil, after a while, ueber eine 
 iw'rbeda, to overbid, to outbid, 
 
 ueberbieten 
 
 iw'rbina, to bind over, ueberbinden 
 iw'rbada, overbidden, outbidden, 
 
 ueberboten 
 
 iw'rbuna, bound over, ueberbunden 
 iw'rdek, coverlet, bed quilt, ueber 
 
 decke. 
 iw'rdrader, one that infringes the 
 
 right of another, uebertreter 
 iw'rdrefa, to surpass, to excel, 
 
 uebertreffen [ben 
 
 iw'rdriwa, exaggerated, uebertrie- 
 iw'rdrufa, surpassed, excelled, 
 
 uebertroffen 
 
 iw'reilt, hasty, uebereilt 
 iw'reiling, mistake made in haste, 
 
 uebereilung [ueberrest 
 
 iw'rreshd, remainder, remnant, 
 iwflisich, superfluous, ueberfluessig 
 iw'rfola, to surprise, ueberfallen 
 iw'rflus, abundance, plenty, ueber- 
 
 fluss [lehrt 
 
 iw'rg'larnd, crack brained, ueberge- 
 iw' rg' sheid, conceited, uebergescheit 
 iw'rhawbt, in general, ueberhaupt 
 iw'rhara, to hear by accident, 
 
 ueberhoeren 
 
 iw'rhusa, overalls, ueberhosen 
 iw'rhond (nema), to overrun, to 
 
 become predominant, ueberhand 
 
 nehmen 
 
 iw'rich, over, not wanted, uebrig 
 iw'rlawfa, to run over, ueberlaufen 
 iw'rlaga, to consider, to meditate, 
 
 ueberlegen 
 
 iw'rlefara, to deliver, ueberliefern 
 iw'rlusa, to relinquish, ueberlassen 
 iw'rrnasich, extravagantly, ueber- 
 
 iw'rmocha, to repeat, wiederholen 
 iw'rmorya, day after tomorrow, 
 
 uebermorgen 
 iw'rnama, to take upon one's self, 
 
 uebernehmen 
 iir'rnama, take the advantage, 
 
 uetervortheilen 
 
 iw'rnuma, overreached, uebernom- 
 iw'rol, in all places, ueberall [men 
 iw'rous, exceedingly, ueberaus 
 iw'rsetsa, translate, ueberset/.en 
 iw'rshdudert, having impaired his 
 
 reason by over study, ueber studirt 
 iw'rshrift, superscription, address, 
 
 heading, ueberschrift 
 iw'rshtuipara, to overturn, to upset, 
 
 stumble over, umstuelpen 
 iw'rshoo, overshoe, rubbers, ueber- 
 
 schuhe 
 
 iw'rshus. surplus, ueberschuss 
 iw'rshweming, inundation, ueber- 
 
 schwemmung 
 
 iw'rsichtich, cross-eyed, Bchielend 
 iw'rweisa, to convince, to prove, 
 
 ueberweisen 
 iw'rweldicha, to conquer, to over 
 
 come, ueberwaeltigen 
 iw'rweisa, to roll over, umwaelzen 
 iw'rwisa, proved, convinced, ueber- 
 
 wiesen [ueberwinden 
 
 iw'rwina, to conquer, to prevail, 
 iw'rzeiga, to convince, ueberzeugen 
 iw'rzug, case for a feather bed, 
 
 cover, ueberzug 
 iw'rzwarich, contrary, in the way, 
 
 against the grain, ueberzwerch 
 
 jeri, Jeremiah, Jeremias 
 jig'ra, to indulge in drinking 
 jo, Joseph, Joseph 
 jon, John, Johann 
 jonijumbub,jonihubs'r,heart'sease, 
 
 pansy, stiefmuetterchen 
 jorch, George, Georg 
 
 K 
 
 ka, not any, kein 
 
 kawd'r, torn cat, kater 
 
 kawfa, to buy, to purchase, kaufen 
 
 kawfleit, merchants, buyers, kauf- 
 
 leute 
 
 kawfmon, purchaser, kaeufer 
 kalbond, throat bond, (part of a 
 
 bridge,) hehlland 
 kanich, king, koenig 
 kanichreich, kingdom, kocnigrcich 
 kara, to sweep, fegen 
 karb, basket, koerbe 
 
 256 
 
karch 
 
 karch, church, church services, 
 
 kirche 
 karcharawd, church council, vestry, 
 
 kirchenrath 
 
 karch ashdool, pew, kirchenstuhl 
 karchhof, churchyard, grave yard, 
 
 kirchhof [gang 
 
 karchagong, going to ch urch, kirch- 
 kawrl. Charles, Karl 
 karl, fellow, kerl 
 karn, kernel, kern 
 karnligrout, cicely, kuerbelkraut 
 karpet, carpet, teppich 
 karsh, cherry, kirsche 
 k'art, belongs, gehoert 
 kartslich, not long ago, kuerzlich 
 kas, cheese, kaese 
 kasbobla, mallows, malwen 
 kasei, colander, durchschlag 
 k'e, cows, kuehe 
 kebiders, tansy, rainfarn 
 keben, cow-pen, viehhof 
 kebium, dandelion, kuehblume 
 ked, chain, kette 
 kedrek, cow-dung, kuhmist 
 kedrekrul'r, tumble bug, tumble 
 
 dung mist-kaefer 
 kefdlich, notched, eingekehrt 
 kefich, cage, kaefig, bauer 
 kef r, bug, kaefer 
 keicha, to pant, keuchen 
 keichich, panting, keuchend 
 keidel, wedge, keil 
 keim, germ, keim 
 keisar, emperor, kaiser 
 keisarskron, imperial crown, kai- 
 
 serkrone 
 
 kel, cool, to cool, kuenl, kuehlen 
 kel, trowel, ladle, kelle 
 kelar, cellar, keller 
 kelar kich, basement kitchen, kel- 
 
 ler-kueche 
 
 kelch, chalice, cup*, kelch 
 keid'r, cider or wine press, kelter 
 kelsh, check, kelsch 
 kemol, kenmol, not once, niemals 
 ken, not any, kein 
 kena ( can, koennen [with, kennen 
 kenit, to know, to be acquainted 
 kent. could, mio:ht, koennte 
 kenzacha, mark of distinction, 
 
 keimzeichen 
 
 klaiin^t 
 
 keroos. lampblack, kienruss 
 keshda, chestnuts, kastanien 
 keshda brou, auburn, kastanien 
 
 braun 
 keshdig'l, chestnut, burr, kastanien 
 
 huelse 
 
 keshdlich, costly, precious, koest- 
 kesel, kettle, kessel [lich 
 
 keselflik'r, tinker, kesselflicker, 
 
 topfbinder 
 
 ketsh, puzzle, trick , kunststueck 
 ketsh'r, pall, einiall 
 kich, kitchen, kueche 
 kimmarlich. distressed, needy, piti- 
 ful, kuemmerlich 
 kim'l, caraway, chervil, kuemmel 
 kin, chin, kinn 
 kinar, children, kinder 
 kinardeb, kidnapper, kinderdieb 
 kinarshbelsocha, toys, play things, 
 
 kinder-spielsachen 
 kin bo kit, jawbone, kinnbacken 
 kind, child, kind [heit 
 
 kindhad, childhood, infancy, kind- 
 kindlich. filial, kindlich 
 kinish, childish, kindisch 
 kindshdlar, artist, performer of a 
 
 trick, kuenstler 
 
 kinskind, grandchild, kindeskind 
 kisa, to kiss, kuessen 
 kisa, cushion, pillow, kissen 
 kishd, chest, spree, box, kiste 
 kis'l, sleet, kiesel 
 kislich, sleety, kiesel ig 
 kit, putty, kitt 
 kit'l, a linen coat, kittel 
 kitsh. a rake, scraper, harke 
 kitsla, to tickle, kitzeln 
 kitslich, ticklish, kitzlich 
 kits'n, female cat, katze 
 kla, clover, klee 
 kla, small, klein 
 klach, link, gelenk 
 klad, dress, gown, coat, kleid 
 klad'r, clothes, kleider 
 klad'rkom'r, klad'rstub, wardrobe, 
 
 kleiderkammer, kleiderstube 
 klawg, complaint, klage 
 klana socha, trifles, kleinigkeiten 
 klanichkada, trifles, nicknaeka, 
 
 kleinigkeiten 
 klarinet, clarionet, klarinctte 
 
 16a 
 
 257 
 
klawg& 
 
 klawga, to complain, klagen 
 fcieds, blocks, kloetze 
 kleia, bran, shorts, kleien 
 klema, to pinch, klemmen 
 klenar, smaller, kleiner 
 klenshd, smallest, kleinste 
 klepra, to rattle, klappern 
 klep'rich, worn out so as to rattle, 
 
 klapperich 
 klet, burdock, klette 
 klidsha, to slip, ausgleiten 
 klidsich, slippery, schluepfrig 
 klik, luck, fortune, glueck 
 klimple, small heap, kluempchen 
 kliag, blade, lights, klinge 
 kling'l, ball, klingel 
 kling'lsekli, a small bag with a long 
 
 handle u^ed to make collections 
 
 in churches, klingelbeutel 
 kling'shta, clingstone, klingstein 
 kloa, cloven hoof, paws, klauen 
 kloafet, neat's-foot-oil, klauenfett 
 klom, clamp, klammer 
 klomhoka, dog, klammerhaken 
 klong, sound, klang 
 klor, clear, unclouded, klar 
 klora, to clear, to clarify, klaeren 
 kloshd'r, convent, kloster 
 kloshd'r fraw, nun, nonne 
 klos, class, klasse [klug 
 
 kluch, intelligent, wise, prudent, 
 kluds, block, klotz 
 kluk, brood hen, cluck, glucke 
 kluk, bell, glocke 
 klukeblum, bluebell, columbine, 
 
 glockenblume 
 kluksa, to cluck, glucksen 
 klumpa, lump, heap, klumpen 
 klumpich, lumpy, klumpig 
 klumsich, clumsy, ungeschickt 
 klupa, to pound, to knock, klopfen 
 kluphengshd, castrated stallion, 
 
 wallach [schen 
 
 'inarsha, to gnash, to grate, knir- 
 kne. knee, knie 
 knea, to kneel, knieen 
 knechel, knuckcle, knoechel 
 kneclit, male servant, hired man or 
 
 boy, knecht 
 
 kneib, shoemakers' knife, kneif 
 kneku, to tick, knacken 
 knekal, hough, hock, kniekehle 
 
 knupluch 
 
 knep, buttons, dough, knoepfe 
 knep, (im harn, ) shrewdness, 
 
 scharf-ichtigkeit 
 
 knerem, shoemakers' strap, or stir- 
 rup, knieriemen 
 knesheib, kneepan, kniescheibe 
 kneshprunga, kneesprung, knie- 
 
 lahm 
 knew'l, gag'a little, stick used for 
 
 twisting, a bolt at the end of a 
 
 chain, to prevent its slipping 
 
 through a ring, knebel 
 knewond, part of the wall between 
 
 roof and floor of the garret, knie- 
 
 wand 
 knika, to break without severing the 
 
 pans, knicken 
 krap'l, club, knittel 
 knok, cut or skein, knot, gebind, 
 
 knocke 
 
 knoka, to crack (nuts,) knacken 
 knokworshd, hard, smoked sau- 
 sages, knack wurst 
 knol, clap, loud report, knall 
 knops, close, stingy, scarcely, 
 
 knapp, kaum 
 knora, knot, to gr"inbie, to scold, 
 
 to snarl, knurren 
 knorich, knotty, prone to grumble, 
 
 knorrig, knurrig 
 knordsa, nubbin, krueppel 
 knordsich, like nubbins, knotty, 
 
 verkrueppelt ( 
 
 knorw'l, gristle, cartilage, knorpel 
 knorw'lich, gristly, knorpelig 
 kncwiira, to gnaw, to nibble, knab- 
 knticha, bones, knochen [bern 
 
 knuchafraws, caries, knochent'rass 
 knuchalar, osteology, knochenlehre 
 kuuchrimal,bone dust, knocheurnehl 
 knuchamon, skeleton, gerippe 
 knuchich bony, knochich 
 knudara, to grumble, to scold, schel- 
 
 ten [teln 
 
 knud'l, small compact lumps, knot- 
 knudrich, prone to grumble, graem- 
 
 lich 
 
 knufa, to beat with the fist, knuffen 
 knula, tubers, knollen 
 knulich. tuberous, knoll ig 
 knup, button, knob, knopf 
 knupluch, button hole, knopfloch 
 
 258 
 
kntiwltich 
 
 krik 
 
 knuwluch, garlic, knoblauch 
 
 kodoon, calico, prints, kattun 
 
 koft, notch, kerb 
 
 koftich, notched, verkerbt 
 
 kola, coal, kohlen 
 
 kolabren'r, coal burner, koehler 
 
 kolagrub, colliery, kohlengrube 
 
 kolal, kerosene, petroleum, kohl-oel 
 
 kolaam'r, coal scuttle, kohlen-eimer 
 
 kolb, calf, kalb 
 
 kolbfel, calf-skin, kalbfell 
 
 kolbflash, veal, kalbfleisch 
 
 kolbosht, calabash, kalbasch 
 
 kolen'r, almanac, kalender 
 
 koletsh, college, university, hoch- 
 
 schule, universitaet 
 kolk, lime, kalk 
 
 kolkmas'l, coldchisel, kaltmeissel 
 kolkofa, limekiln, kalkofen 
 kolmus, sweet flag, kalinus 
 kolt, cold, kalt [fieber 
 
 kolt few'r, fever and ague, kaltes- 
 koma, cogs of a wheel, radzahn 
 komal, camel, kameel [gam 
 
 komalgorn, mohair yarn, kameel- 
 komila, chamomile, kamille 
 kom'r, chamber, kammer 
 komrawd, cog-wheel, kammrad 
 kon, can, kaun, kanne 
 kond'l, spout, kantel [kand 
 
 kondelzuk'r, rock - candy, zucker- 
 konoon, cannon, kanone 
 konsgrout, St John's wort, Johan- 
 kons'l, pulpit, kanzel [niskraut 
 kons'lradn'r, pulpit orator, kanzel- 
 
 redner [ren 
 
 konstrouwa, currants, Johannisbee- 
 koo, pi. ke, cow, kuh, kuehe 
 kopadom, copper dam, [muetze 
 kop, cap, bonnet, hood, kappe, 
 kor, choir, chor 
 korawsha, courage, muth 
 korb, pi- karb, basket, korb, koerbe 
 korbweida, osiers, korbweiden 
 korch, cart, karren 
 lord, card, to card (wool or flaw,) 
 
 kratzen, kaemmen 
 kord, chart, cards, karte 
 kordadish'l, teaselwort, kratz distel 
 'kordulish, catholic, katholisch 
 tSrela, Job's tears, Hiob' s thraenen 
 korwisb, cornice, dack-gesims 
 
 korela, beads, korallen [siren 
 
 korasera, to caress, to court, kares- 
 korfreidog, good Friday, karfrei- 
 korn, rye, roggen [^ a 8 
 
 koriond'r, coriander, koriander 
 koshda, chest, box, kasten 
 korts, short, kurz 
 kortsg'bad, ejaculation, stoss-seuf- 
 
 zer [tig 
 
 kortsochtmich, asthmatic, engbrues- 
 kots, cat, katze [musik 
 
 kotsagakrish, caterwauling, katzen- 
 kotzagrout, catmint, katzenkraut 
 koua, to chew, kauen 
 koum, hardly, scarcely, kaum 
 kraa, to crow, kraehen 
 kraawga, corus, huehneraugen 
 kram'r, peddlar, kraemer 
 krawn, crane, krahn 
 krawna, awns (of grain,) bones of 
 
 fish, bart, graeten 
 kras*r, greater, groesser 
 krebs, cancer, lobster, krebs 
 krebsgong, walking backward, going 
 
 to ruin, krebsgang 
 kreds, itch, kraetze 
 krefta, vigor, kraefte 
 kreftich, vigorous, strong, kraeftig 
 kreid, chalk, kreide 
 kreidliwid'rbring, brunella, self- 
 heal, brunelle, braunwurzel 
 kreids, cross, misfortune, kreuz 
 kreidslawm, hip shot, kreuzlahm 
 kreidsmel, fox and geese, zwick- 
 
 muehle 
 
 kreidswak, cross-road, kreuzweg 
 rcreisha, cry, shout, speak loud, 
 kreis, circle, kreis [schreien 
 
 ireislich, thrilling, terrible, graess- 
 
 lich _kraeutrb:ich 
 
 kreit'rbuch, treatise on botany, 
 irek, war, krieg [ren 
 
 irembera, cranberries, prei*selbeer- 
 irenka, to grieve, kraenken 
 irenkla, to be in bad health, krc,en- 
 
 keln 
 
 trenklich, sickly, kraenklich 
 irids'l, to scribble, to write without 
 
 care, kritzeln 
 
 iridslar, scribbler, kritzler 
 irids'l fix'l, scribling, gekritzel 
 krik, creek, crutch, bach, kruecke 
 
 259 
 
kriks 
 
 kriks, cricket, grille 
 
 krikt, get, kriegt, 
 
 krimla, to crumble, kruemmeln 
 
 krishd kind'l, Christmas present, 
 
 weinnachtsgeschenk 
 krish, cry, scream, shout, geschrei 
 kris'l, thrill, chill, schrecken 
 krislich, thrilling, terrible, graess- 
 
 lich 
 
 krishtdog, Christmas, weihnachten 
 krishtworz'l, hellebore, nieswur- 
 kroch, crash, krach [zel 
 
 krodla, to crawl, to climb, kriechen, 
 
 klettern 
 
 krodlich, crawling, kriechend 
 krodsa, to scratch, kratzen 
 krodsich, itching, pungent, kratzig 
 kroft, vigor, strength, power, kraft 
 kroiar, crier, ausrufer 
 krokal, a violent quarrel, krakehl 
 krokal'r, one seeking quarrels, 
 
 krakehier 
 
 kromp, cramp, krarapf 
 kronar, coroner, todtenbeschauer 
 kronk, sick, krank [heit 
 
 kronkhad, sickness, disease, krank- 
 krons, wreath, garland, bouquet, 
 krop, crow, kraehe [kranz 
 
 krout, cabbage, wort, weed, kohl, 
 
 kraut [hobel 
 
 krout 1m w'l, cabbage cutter, kraut- 
 krowla, to crawl, krabbeln 
 krowlich, crawling, krabblig 
 krudsa, nubbins, cobs, (of corn) 
 
 cores of apples, krutzen 
 krudsich, like nubbins, krutzig 
 kruk, jug, pitcher, krug 
 krul, curl, ringlet, locken, krollen 
 krulich, curly, lockig, gekrollt 
 krum, crooked, krumm 
 krup, craw of a fowl, kropf 
 krusht, crust, frolic, kruste 
 krushtich, crusty, krustig 
 krus'lbera, gooseberries, stachel- 
 
 beeren 
 
 kuch, cook, koch, koechin 
 kucha, cakes, kuchen 
 kuchaplot, griddle, kuchenplatte 
 kucharelcha, an implement for cut- 
 ting dough, kuchenrolle 
 kuchflash. meat for boiling, koch- 
 kiichhofa, pot, kochtopf [fleisch 
 
 kuchkes'l, boiler, boiling 
 
 kochkessel 
 kuchlef '1, ladle, kochloeffel 
 kuchob'l, codling, kochapfel 
 kuchpon, sauce-pan, kochpfannt 
 kud'ld, tangled, verwirrt 
 kud'lflek, tripe, kuttelfleck 
 kug'l, ball, kugel 
 kukoshda, raree-show, gukkastem 
 kulik, colic, magenkrampf 
 kulrawba, colerabi, kohlrabi 
 kulwa, ear of corn, kolben 
 kum, come, kommen 
 kumbos, compass, kompass 
 kumet, collar, kummet 
 kumet dek, housing, kummetdecke 
 kumetshpa, hames, kummetspaenc 
 kundawida, ingeniousness, scharf- 
 kuna, customers, kunden [sinn 
 kunamel, gristmill, (for customers), 
 
 kundenmuehle 
 
 kunshoft, custom, kundschaft 
 kunsht, art, skill, science, kunst 
 kunshtawbl'r, constable, constabel, 
 kup, head, kopf [gerichtsdiener 
 kupakisa, pillow, kopfkissen 
 kupar, copper, kupfer 
 kupcha, cup, tasse 
 kup'roos, copperas, gruener vitriol 
 kup'rstich, engraving, kupferstich 
 kupwa, headache, kopfweh 
 kurk, cork, stopple, pfropfe 
 kurkzeg'r, cork-screw, pfropfenzie- 
 her [sichtig 
 
 kurtsichtich, short-sighted, kurz- 
 kushda, expenses, kosten 
 kusht, board, fare, victuals, kost 
 kushtbor, costly, expensive, preci- 
 ous, kostbar 
 kushtgenger, boarder, kostgaenger 
 
 tea, vomit, brechen 
 kutsh, coach, kutsche 
 kwala, to torment, quAelen 
 kwalich, tormenting, quaelend 
 kwat, quoit, warfscheibe 
 kwedsha, plums, gauges, pflaumen, 
 
 zwetschen 
 
 kwedsha, to bruise, quetschen 
 kweka, blue grass, quecken 
 kweksilv'r, quicksilver, quecksilber 
 kwel, fountain, spring, quelle 
 kwela. to boiL quellen 
 
 260 
 
kwgnd'l 
 
 kwend'l, thyme, quendel 
 kwilta, to quilt, quilten [sellschaft 
 kwilting, quilting party, quilt ge- 
 kwit'ra, thunder storms, gewitter, 
 
 es gewittert 
 
 'skwit'rd, thunder storms threaten 
 kwit, quince, quitte [rind fleisch 
 kwolaflasn, dry-beef, geraeuchert 
 kwotemb'r, ember days, quatember 
 
 L 
 
 lawb, foliage, laub 
 
 lab, live, lion, lebe, loewe 
 
 lab, loaf, laib 
 
 lawbfrush, tree frog, laubfrosch 
 
 labhoft, lively, sprightly, Icbhaft 
 
 lad, sorrow, leid 
 
 lagla, to deny, leugnen 
 
 lawd, load, ladung, last 
 
 lada (howa), to be tired of, ueber- 
 
 druessig sein 
 lawda, shutter, laden 
 lawd a, to put a load on, to charge 
 
 a gun, laden 
 
 ladich, tired of, ueberdruessig 
 lawding, charge of a gun, ladung 
 ladmetich, sorrowful, lonesome, 
 
 leidrnuethig 
 lawdmos, a measure for powder in 
 
 loading a gun, ladmass, pulver- 
 
 mass 
 
 lad'r, ladder, rack, leiter 
 lad' r bam, ladder boams, leiter 
 
 baeume [leitersprossen 
 
 lad'rshprusa, rounds of a ladder, 
 lad'rwoga, wagon with rack, leiter- 
 
 wagen 
 
 lawdshteka, ram rod, ladstock 
 lawf, go, walk, current, laufen 
 lawf, barrel of a gun, lauf 
 lawfzeit, rutting season, laufzeit 
 lafr, (shlita), runners of a sleigh, 
 
 schlittenlaeufer 
 
 laf rsei, shoats, junge schweine 
 lawg, lye, lauge 
 laga, to put, to lay, legen 
 lageis'a, axle plate, achs-platten 
 laghink'l, laying hen, leg huhn 
 lagoi, nest egg, nestei 
 lawgara, to be down, lagern 
 lawgarfar, campmeeting, lager ver- 
 lalok, lilac, liluck [sammlung 
 
 lawm, lame, lahm 
 lama, clay, lehm 
 
 lamig, clayey, lehmig [maessig 
 lawmasich, according to law, gesetz- 
 lana, to lend, to lean, leiheri, lehnen 
 lanich, alone, allein [bauer 
 
 lansbouar, tenant farmer, lehns- 
 lar, empty, learning, leer, gelehr- 
 lara, to teach, lehren [samkeit 
 
 larch, lark, lerche 
 larm, noise, alarm, laerm 
 larma, to make a noise, to alarm, 
 
 laermen 
 
 larna, to learn, to teach, lernen 
 lariiiug, learning, lehre, gelehrsam- 
 
 keit [lesen 
 
 lasa, to read, to pick up, to gather, 
 lasnd, Inst, leisten 
 lawa, life, to live, leben 
 lawalong, lifelong, lebenslang 
 lawawol, farewell, adieu, lebewohl 
 lawendich, living, lebendig 
 lawesbashreiw'r, biographer, le- 
 
 bens beach re i her 
 lawesbolsom, restorative balsam, le- 
 
 bensbalsam 
 lawesfarsicharung, life insurance, 
 
 lebens-versicherung 
 lawesg'for, danger of life, lebens- 
 
 gefahr " [kraut 
 
 lawesgrout, live forever, leben^r 
 laweslawf, biography, lebenslauf 
 lawesshtrof, capital punishment, 
 
 lebensstrafe 
 
 lawesunerholt, livelihood, suste- 
 nance, lebens-unterhalt 
 laweszacha, course of life, conduct, 
 
 lebenszeichen 
 
 laweszeit, lifetime, lebenszeit 
 awbeszel, goal of life, lebensziel 
 leb, love, liebe 
 ebdog, during life, lebtage 
 ebhow'r, lover, liebhaber 
 ebish, unsavory, t}isteless,laeppisch 
 ebkuchan, honey cakes, pfefferku- 
 
 chen 
 
 eblich, pleasant, savory, lieblich 
 eb'r, lewa, dear, darling, lieber, 
 ebra, to sip, laeppern [liebe 
 
 ebreich, kind, benevolent, liebreich 
 ebshdek'l, lovage, verhuddelte lieb* 
 ech'l, little hole, kleines loch 
 
 261 
 
iSnd 
 
 lechla, to smile, laecheln 
 lechar, holes, loecher 
 lecharlich, full of holes, 
 
 durch- 
 
 loechert [laecherlich 
 
 lecharlich, laughable, ridiculous, 
 led, hymn, lied 
 leda, to solder, loethen 
 ledich, unmarried, unverheirathet 
 ledich'r noma, maiden-name, va 
 
 tersname 
 
 ledich'r, laths, latten 
 ledar, leather, leder 
 led'ra, to leather, to beat, ledern 
 led' rfartigmoch' r, currier, lederzu- 
 led'rn, leathern, ledern [richter 
 ledsh, latch, klinke 
 ledshd, last, letzte 
 lefdsa, lips, lippen 
 lef 1, spoon, loeffel 
 leg, lie, luege 
 lega, to put, to lay, legen 
 lign'r, liar, luegner 
 leia, to lie, liegen [alte leier 
 
 leiar, (old), old ways, old ruts, 
 leiara, to do a thing glowly, leiern 
 leib, body, leib 
 leibhoftiuh, bodily, identical, leib- 
 
 haft [leibschmerzen 
 
 leibshmarza, pain in the stomach, 
 leibshtik, fiivorite air, leibstueck 
 leibg'n, corset, bodice, leibchen, 
 
 schnuerleib 
 
 leicht, light, easy, leicht 
 leicht, funeral, leiche, begraebniss 
 leichta, to give light, leuchten 
 leichtfesich, lightfooted, swift, ge- 
 
 schwind 
 
 [leichtsinnig 
 
 leichtsinich, thoughtless, frivolous, 
 leida, sufferings, affliction, leiden 
 leida, to suffer, to allow, leiden 
 leidlich, agreeable, leidlich 
 leim, glue, leim [leder 
 
 leimled r, scraps of leather, leim- 
 leiins, lem'ns, lemons, citronen 
 leimsdrinkil, lemonade, limonade 
 leina, linen, leinen 
 leinduch, bfd sheet, leintuch 
 leinolich, linseed-oil, leinoehl 
 leishd, salt, leiste [leistenhobel 
 leishhow'l, ogee plane, head plane, 
 leit, people, folks, leute 
 leithors, cavalry, reiterei 
 
 lendlich, rural, laendlich 
 lekshonera, to canvass, electionirem 
 leng. length, laenge 
 lengshd, long ago, laengst 
 len'r, beds in a garden or field, 
 
 laender, beete [loeschen 
 
 lesha, to put out fire, to quench, 
 leshd, cat's-tail, bumskeulen 
 leshdara, to blaspheme, to slander, 
 leta, clay, lette, lehm [laestern 
 lets, wrong, inside out, unrecht, 
 letshta, last, letzte [verkehrt 
 
 lewa, to love, lieben 
 lewi-long, livelong, liebe-lange 
 lew'r, liver, leber 
 lew'rgrout, liverwort, leberkraut 
 lew'rwersht, liver pudding, leber- 
 
 wurst 
 
 licht, light, candle, lamp, licht 
 lichteil, miller, lichteule 
 lichtbudsshar, snuffers, lichtscheere 
 lichtmes, candelmas, second of 
 
 February, lichtmess 
 licht' rform, candle - mould, licht- 
 
 form 
 licht' rmoch'r, 
 
 [licht zieher 
 tallow chandler, 
 
 lifdich. airy, luftig 
 lik, unoccupied place or space, luecke 
 likarish, licorice, lakritzensai't 
 likich, having unoccupied places, 
 
 lilya, lily, lilie 
 
 lina, linden or limetree, linde 
 links, left hand, links 
 lishd, list, liste 
 
 [lueckig 
 
 [sen 
 
 lishda, to enlist, sich anwerben las- 
 lit' Ihous, privy, watercloset, abtritt 
 lo, lu, wages, lohn 
 lob, praise, lob, loben 
 loch, laugh, lachen 
 lo:l, load, ladung, last 
 lodeinish, Latin, lateinisch 
 lod'l, a shiftless drunken fellow, 
 
 lodel, lump 
 lufendel, lavender, lavendel 
 ogeia, wall flower, levkoye 
 oksering, a purgative, laxirung 
 lokus, locust, heuschrecken 
 loin, lamb, lamm [lampas 
 
 lumbus, lamnas, a horse disease, 
 lumzeit, ewing season, laernmbesitzer 
 lona, shafts, schaefte [land 
 
 lond, pi. len'r, land, country, soil, 
 
 262 
 
Itfndagn'r 
 
 15ndagn'r, freeholder, landbesitzer 
 londkort, map, chart, landkarte 
 ilSndmes'r, surveyor, landmesser 
 londrega, settled rain, extended 
 
 rain, landregen 
 
 ISndshilgrut, tortoise, landschil- 
 kroete [schaft 
 
 londshoft, landscape, district, land- 
 long, long, lang 
 longlich rund, oval, oval 
 longmood, long suffering, langnruth 
 longmedich, forbearing, langmue- 
 
 thig 
 longer, having long ears, a by name 
 
 for an ass, langohr 
 longsichtich, long sighted, far- 
 sighted, weitsichtig 
 longsom, slow, tardy, langsam 
 longwarich, lasting long, tedious, 
 langwaehrend [weilig 
 
 longweilich, tedious, tiresome, lang- 
 longkwid, connecting pole of a 
 
 wagon 
 
 lonsmon, countryman, landsmann" 
 lona, linchpin, linsa 
 loodar, carrion, aas, luder 
 lopa, rag, patch, lappen 
 lorbsa, to speak indistinctly, to 
 
 drawl, larpsen 
 lorbsich, drawling, larpsig 
 lorod, tan colored, lohfarbig 
 los, female hog, sau 
 los, not tied fast, los 
 los (druf) towards, with determina- 
 tion, drauf los 
 
 los, negligent, careless, laessig 
 losbrecha, to break loose, losbrechen 
 losg'rissa, broken loose, losgebroch. 
 
 en 
 
 losg'shusa, fired off , lossgeschossen 
 loshdar, vice, laster 
 losht, load, charge, burden, last 
 losndarhoft, vicious, lasterhaft 
 losichkad, lassitude, negligence 
 
 nachlaessigkeit 
 
 loskawfa, to ransom, loskaufen 
 loskuma, to get free, to be dis- 
 charged, loskommen 
 loslusa, to set free, emancipate, los- 
 
 lassen 
 
 lo?mocha, to untie, losmachen 
 losreisa, to break loose, losreissen 
 
 madleis 
 
 losshesa, to fire off a gun, losschies- 
 sen [ty, lossprechen 
 
 losshprecha, to pKmounce, not guil- 
 
 losshrouwa, unscrew, losschrauben 
 
 lota, roof laths, latten 
 
 lotwarg, apple butter, appelmuss 
 
 louar, to listen, watch, lauern 
 
 loud'r, nothing but, lauter 
 
 lous, pi. leis, louse, laus, laeuse 
 
 lout, loud, laut 
 
 louworm, tepid, lukewarm, lauwarm 
 
 luch, hole, loch 
 
 liichsak, compass saw, lochsaege 
 
 lud'rfog'l, turkey - buzzard, aaa- 
 
 geier 
 udrish, Lutheran, lutherisch 
 
 tuft, air, luft 
 
 luftror, wind-pipe, luftroehre 
 
 luftshifar, aeronaut, luftschiffer 
 
 luka. to call, locken 
 
 luka, lock of wool, locke 
 
 lukich, having locks, lockig 
 
 luks, lynx, luchs 
 
 lumarich, limber, weich 
 
 lumpa, rags, lumpen 
 
 lumpich, ragged, despicable, him- 
 
 Pig 
 
 lung, lungs, lights, lunge 
 lungaflig'l, lobe of the lung, lungenr 
 
 fluegel 
 
 lungagrout, lungwort, lungenkraut 
 lus, let, lass 
 
 lushda, delight, desire, lust 
 lushdich, joyful, merry, lustig 
 lushdara, to have desire, enjoy, 
 
 luestern sein 
 
 lushdarich, having desire, luestern 
 lut, lot, lotte 
 lutare, lottery, lotterie 
 lutsar, lanthorn, lantern, laterne 
 
 n 
 
 'm 'ma, for a, to a, with a, to one, 
 einem [sive case) 
 
 'msei, his, the same as 's (posses- 
 ma, manar, more, mehr 
 maa, mow, maehen 
 mabla, maple, ahorn 
 mad, girls, maedchen [chen 
 
 madcha, madel. girl, maiden, maed- 
 rnawd, maid, servant girl, magd 
 madleis, tick seed, wirtelsstrepfen 
 
 263 
 
mad'rlS, 
 
 mad'rla, feather 1 few, kamillen 
 mawg, may, poppy (flower,) mag, 
 
 mohn 
 
 mawga, stomach, magen 
 mawgabolsom. mint, krausemuenze 
 mawgakromp, spasms in the 
 
 stomach, magen krampf 
 mawgar, lean, unproductive, mager 
 maglich, possible, probable, moeg- 
 
 lich 
 
 mawgsht. you may, magst 
 mal, meal, flour, mehl 
 mawla, to grind, mahlen 
 nialsub, porridge, mehlsuppe 
 mawlzeit, meal, mahlzeit 
 mawna. mane, maehne 
 mana, to think, to intend, to have 
 
 an opinion, meinen 
 maning, meaning, opinion, intention, 
 
 meinung 
 
 mar, mare, maehrestute 
 maraoi. cocoa nut, kokus-nuss 
 marb, tender, ripe, muerbe 
 mard, Martin, Martin 
 mardar, murderer, moerder 
 mards, March, Maerz 
 maretich, horse radish, machrrettig 
 marheit, majority, plurality, mehr- 
 
 heit [kennzeichen 
 
 mark, mark, sign, take notice, merk 
 markwardich, remarkable, merk- 
 
 wuerdig 
 
 mawron, sweet marjorum, majoran 
 masich, frugal, maessig 
 masel, chisel, meissel 
 mashd'r, master, meister 
 mashd'rworz'l, masterwort, meister- 
 
 wurzel 
 
 me, labor, pains, trouble, muehe 
 mecht, might, moechte 
 mechtieh, powerful, mighty, strong, 
 
 maechtig 
 
 med, tired, weary, muede 
 medichkad, lassitude, weariness, 
 
 nmedigkeit 
 
 medazen, medicine, medizin, arznei 
 medsla, to butcher, massacre, 
 
 schlachten, metzeln [tisiren 
 
 megnuteisa, to mesmerize, magne- 
 meglich, possible, moeglich 
 meil, mile, meile 
 meilar, mouths, inaeuler 
 
 mid'l 
 
 mei, mei'm, my, mine, mein, mei- 
 nem [ieu 
 
 meida, to quit, avoid, to slum, mei- 
 meilshta, milestone meileusteiu 
 meintwaga, ou my account, memet- 
 
 wegen 
 
 meinda, to mind, to heed, acht ge- 
 meis, mice, maeuse [ben 
 
 meischashtil, profoundly still, 
 
 maeuschenstill 
 
 meisora, saxifrage, (plant) inausohr 
 mel, mill, grist mill, muehle 
 melda, to announce, melden 
 meldeich, meldom, millpond,muehl- 
 melka, to milk, melken [teich 
 
 melmoch'r,millwright,muehlinacher 
 melshtawb, sweeping of a grist mill, 
 
 muehlstaub 
 mem, mother, mamma 
 mencha, little man, male of birds, 
 
 maennchen 
 
 menga, to mix, mengen 
 meng, multitude, menge 
 mensh, man, mankind, mensch 
 menshafarshtond, human under- 
 standing, common sense, men- 
 schen verstand [schenfeind 
 
 menshafeind, misanthrope, men- 
 menshafreind, philanthrope, men- 
 sohenfreund [huelfe 
 
 menshahilf, human aid, menschen- 
 menshd, most, meist [mcnschheit 
 menshad, human kind, mankind, 
 menshtdal, menshtens, mostly, meis- 
 tens [schenalter 
 
 mensh' aold'r, generation, men- 
 mer, m'r, me, to me, one, inir, man 
 mes, brass, messing 
 mesa, to measure, messen 
 mesalich, toilsome, wearisome, 
 muehselig [ligkeiten 
 
 mesalichkate, hardships, uiuehse- 
 meshda, to fatten, maesten 
 mesich, idle, muessig 
 mesichgong, habitual idleness, 
 mesar, knife, messer [inues^iggang 
 mes'rkling, blade of a knife, mes- 
 
 serklinge 
 
 mes'rawd, perambulator, messrad 
 mesrawm, foot-measure, messrahmeu 
 mid, mida, middle, mitte 
 mid'l, remedy, miitel 
 
 264 
 
mid'l 
 
 monet 
 
 mid'l, run around, mittel 
 midla, meddle, sich eimnischen 
 midlar, mediator, vermittler 
 mid'lbawr, mediate, indirect, mit- 
 
 telbar 
 
 mid'lmal, middlings, second quali- 
 ty of flour, inittelmehl 
 mid'lmasich, moderate, tolerable, 
 mittelmaessig [mass 
 
 mi'i' Imos, the golden mean, mittel- 
 mid'lpunk, centre, mittelpuukt 
 nn< J .3g, noon, mittag 
 midogesa, dinner, mittagessen 
 mid'rnocht, midnight, mitternacht 
 aidwiich, Wednesday, mittwoch 
 inik, fly, fliege 
 mikablosht'r, a plaster of the Span- 
 
 i-h fly, spaniscn-fliegen pflaster 
 mikag'shar, fly-net, flie^enuetz 
 mikarwarar, wod'l, fly-brush, flieg- 
 
 en wedel 
 miks'llud'r, mixed provender, ge- 
 
 mischtes futter 
 milar, miller, mueller 
 milch, milk, milch [haar 
 
 milchhor, down of the cheek, milch- 
 milchhous, milchkel'r, dairy, milch- 
 
 haus 
 
 milchgrout. milkweed, milchkraut 
 milchsei, milkstrainer, milchseier 
 milchsoft, chyle, milchsaft 
 mildaw, mildew, honey dew, mehl- 
 miiids, militia, miliz [thau 
 
 mils, spleen, milz [sucht 
 
 milskronkhad, melancholy, milz- 
 milyon, million, million 
 mindlich, orally, muendlich 
 minud, minute, minute 
 misa, must, muessen [erabel 
 
 misarawb'l, very poor, pitiful, mis- 
 misbroucha, to abuse, missbrauchen 
 misdruua, mistrust, distrust, sus- 
 picion, misstrauen 
 inisdrouish, suspicious, jealous, 
 
 misstrauisch, eifers.uechtig 
 misfargunt, envied, missgoennt 
 m sfarshtendnis, misunderstanding, 
 
 missverstaendniss 
 misfarshdond, misunderstanding, 
 
 missverstand 
 
 misfolii, to displease, missfallen 
 misgunshd, envy, missgunst 
 
 misgaburd, miscarriage, miss^o'ourt 
 mishbla, persimmons, mispe.n 
 mishd, dung, manure, mist, ciuengep 
 mishtbre, barn yard liquor, mist- 
 
 bruehe, jauche 
 
 rnislich, uncertain, critical, misslich 
 mil, with, along, middle, u:it, mitte 
 mitbringa, to fetch along, bring 
 
 along, mitbringen [bruder 
 
 mitbrud'r, brother, fellowmaii, mit- 
 mitg'fel, fellow-feeling, sympathy, 
 
 mitgefuehl 
 
 mitleid, pity, sympathy, mitleid 
 mitluka, to enuce. verlocken 
 mitmensh, fellow-man, niitmenseh 
 mitmochas to take part, to partici- 
 pate, ruitmachen [handschuhe 
 inits, gloves with half fingers, haib- 
 moch, make, hurry, mache 
 moda, custom, fashion, mode 
 raodaring, pus, matter, materie 
 rnognat, magnet, magnet 
 moi, May, Mai 
 
 moiob'l, mandrake, mai-rpfel 
 moi blum, lily of the valley, mai- 
 
 blume [eininal 
 
 moi, 'moi, emol, times, once, iiial, 
 moi, mark, mahl 
 mola, to paint, malen 
 molar, painter, malcr 
 molosich, molasses, syrup 
 mols, malt, malz 
 moizeit, wedding, copulation 
 momi, mother, mutter, mamma 
 in On. man, mann 
 monchar, many a one, mancher 
 monchmol, sometimes, zuweilen, 
 
 manchmal 
 
 monch'rla, various things, mancher- 
 mond, moon, mond [lei 
 
 mondog, Monday, Montag 
 mond'l, mond' Ibis, mantle, clock, 
 
 kaminsims, mantel 
 mund'lkarn, almond, mandeln 
 mondshei, moonlight, mondschein 
 mondumlrgong, setting of the moon, 
 
 mond untergang 
 moner, manners, habit, manier 
 monerlich, having good manners, 
 
 uiauierlich 
 
 monerlichkad, politeness, manieren 
 monet, mouth, monat 
 
 265 
 
mflng'l 
 
 mong*l, want, necessities, mangel 
 mong'lhoft, imperfect, unsatisfac- 
 tory, rnangelhaft 
 monichfold, manifold, third stomach 
 
 of ruminants, manichfalt 
 monshoft, crew, garrison, mann- 
 
 schaft [woman, man 
 
 xnonskarl, man, in distinction of 
 monsleit, men in distinction of 
 
 women, mannsleute 
 morawl, morality, moral 
 morawlish, having good morals, 
 mord, murder, mord [moralisch 
 mordbrenar, incendiary, mordbren- 
 
 ner [brennerei 
 
 mordbrenerei, incendiarism, mord- 
 morddawd, assassination, murder. 
 
 mord that 
 
 mord'rlich, murderous, moerderlich 
 murk, market, markt 
 morks, marrow, mark, marks 
 moroshd, mire, morast 
 morya, to-morrow, morning, morg- 
 
 en [licht 
 
 moryarot, morning light, morgen- 
 muryashtund, morning, morn, 
 
 morgenstunde, morgen 
 moryeds, in the morning, morgens 
 mos, moss, measure, maas, mass 
 moshd, fattening, luxurious, 
 
 (plants,) mast, ueppig 
 moshtdorm, rectum, mastdarm 
 moshdsei, fattened hogs, mast- 
 
 schweine [schinen 
 
 moshena, machines, engines, ma- 
 m5s'rich, gnarly, maserig 
 mot, faint, weary, matt 
 motichkad, faintness, mattigkeit 
 moul, mouth, to scold, maulen, 
 
 mund 
 
 mouiasel, mule, maulthier 
 moulbar, mulberry, maulbeere 
 moulful, mouthful, morsel, maul- 
 
 voll, bissen 
 
 moul grishd, pseudo-christian, hyp- 
 ocrite, maul -christ 
 moulich, saucy, insolent, vorlaut 
 moulkorb, muzzle, maulkorb 
 znoulufshbara, to yawn, to gape, 
 
 gaehnen 
 
 moulwiirf, mole, maulwurf 
 mou'r, wall, mauer, wand 
 
 mtishmily'ns 
 
 mou'rsenk'l, plumb - rule, mauer- 
 mourar, mason, mauer [senkblei 
 mous, pi. meis, mouse, maus. maeuse 
 mousa, to catch mice, to lo,se hair, 
 
 to moult, mausen 
 mousdod, fully dead, maustodt 
 mousfol, mice trap, mausfalle 
 mouskots, mouser, maeusefaenger 
 mouszeit, moulting season, mauser- 
 
 zeit 
 
 mud, courage, disposition, muth 
 miidei, mould, pattern, modell 
 inudich, courageous, spirited, mu- 
 thig [muthlos 
 
 mudlos, dejected, dishearu ned, 
 mudmawsa, to surmise, guess, con- 
 jecture, muthmassen 
 mud'r, mother, womb, mutter 
 mud' r, burr of a screw, the thick, 
 slimy concretion of vinegar, mut- 
 ter [kraut 
 mud'r grout, mother wort, mutter- 
 mud' r gichtra, hysterics, mutter- 
 
 gichter 
 mud'rkarn, a kernel of large size 
 
 found in a few ears, mutterkern 
 mud'rleib, mother's womb, mutter- 
 
 leib 
 
 mud'rshof, ewe, mutterschaf 
 mud'rshproch, mother tongue, mufc- 
 
 tersprache 
 
 mud'rwa, hysterics, mutterweh 
 mudwila, mischief, muthwillen 
 mulakub, tadpole, junge froesche 
 mulka, whey, molken 
 mulkabara, cloudy berries, kontr 
 
 berries, schlehen 
 mund, mouth, mund 
 mund'r, active, lively, well, munter 
 mupskub, mushkub, mope, dull, 
 
 stupid fellow, mopskopf 
 mura, to murmur, to be discon- 
 tented, murren 
 
 mus, misa, must, muss, muessen 
 mushd'r, pattern, muster 
 mushkawdblet, mace, muskatbluete 
 mushkawdnus, nutmeg, muscatnuss 
 mushket'r, mosquito, muecken 
 mushkrud, muskrat, moschus-ratte 
 mush' la, shells, muscles, muscheln 
 mushmily'ns, musk melons, can- 
 teloupes, melonen 
 
 266 
 
mufelen 
 
 mmlen, rmislin, musselin 
 musikond, musician, musikant 
 muto, motto, wahlspruch 
 
 N 
 
 'n, him, it, ihn, es 
 
 'n, a, einen, eines 
 
 na, no, nein 
 
 naa, to sew, np.ehen 
 
 nawb, hub, nave, nabe 
 
 na'rn, milliner, naeherin 
 
 nach'r, nearer, naeher 
 
 navderlichkad, naturalness, natuer- 
 lichkeit [wendig 
 
 nadich, necessary, noethig, noth- 
 
 nadiclia, to invite, press, ncHhigen, 
 ein 1 ad en [reizbar 
 
 nadlich, cross, touchy, verdnesslicii ; 
 
 nad, seem, naethe 
 
 na'ls, threat, zwirn, fadcn 
 
 nawdoor, nature, natur 
 
 nawdurbashhofenhad, natural qual- 
 ties, natuerliche beschaftenheit 
 
 nawdurforsh r, nawdurken'r, natur- 
 alist, natural philosopher, natur- 
 forschc-r 
 
 nawdurgawwa, natural gifts, tal- 
 ents, natur gaben, talente 
 
 nawga, to gnaw, nagen 
 
 nagshd, nearest, next, dernaechste, 
 ib! gender 
 
 nawma, name, namen [buch 
 
 nawmabuch, dictionary; woerter- 
 
 nawmagrishd, pretended Christian, 
 namen-christ 
 
 nawmens, by the neme of, namens 
 
 namlich, the same, der naeinliche, 
 derselbe 
 
 nara, to nourish, to sustain, naehren 
 
 na.rf, nerve, nerv, nerven 
 
 nurgeus, nowhere, nirgends 
 
 nawrhoft, nutritious, nahrhaft 
 
 narish, foolish, crazy, naerrisch 
 
 narishg'shweds, foolish talk, ob- 
 scenities, narrheiten 
 
 nawrungsoft, chyle, nahrungssaft 
 
 naws, nose, nase 
 
 nawsag'shweds, talk with a nasel 
 twang, durch die nase sprechen 
 
 nawsnorn, rhinoceros, nashorn 
 
 nawsb'a, nasal bone, nasenbein 
 
 nawsluch, nostril, nasenloch 
 
 nera -^ 
 
 nawa, by tlie side of, neben bci 
 nawabei, by the by, besides, nebea- 
 
 bei (gpsaat ) . [gebaeudo 
 
 nawag beiar, outbuildings, neben- 
 nawagoul, horse harnessed to the 
 
 right of the saddle horse and the 
 
 till, nebenpferd 
 
 nawahar, at the side, nebenher 
 nawakushta, extra expenses, neben- 
 
 kosten [sachen 
 
 nawasocha, non essentials, neben- 
 nawashtros, by way, nobenweg 
 ne, never, nienials 
 ned, neat, pretty, tidy, nett 
 neda, to rivet, nieteu [tigkeit 
 
 nedichkad, neatness, tidiness, net- 
 nednog'l, rivet-bolt, nietnagel 
 neds, net, reticulum, seidel, nctz 
 neg'l, nails, naegel 
 neg'lcher, small nails.clovcs, naegel, 
 
 gewuerznelken 
 nei, 'nein, into, hinein 
 nei, new, neu [neus mode 
 
 neiamoda, new ways, new fashion, 
 neibrecha, to break in, hineiubre- 
 
 chen 
 
 neibringa, to bring in,hineinbringen 
 neid, envy, neid 
 neidich, envious, neidisch 
 neigebrucht, brought in, introduced, 
 
 hinein gebracht [gierig 
 
 neigerich, curious, inquisitive, neu- 
 neig'shtimt, neig'walt, elected to an 
 
 office, Inneingewaehlt 
 neiichkada, news, neuigkeiten 
 neiichkadadrag'r, tattler, go be- 
 tween, zwischentraeger 
 neilich, lately, recently, neulieh 
 neilicht, new moon, neu-moud 
 neina, nine, neun 
 neinagich ol, larnprey, neunauge 
 neisana, to understand, hineinsehen 
 neishbara, to lock in, hineinsperren 
 neksa, tease, necken 
 neksich, tantalizing, neckisch 
 nekshd, nearest, next, naechste 
 nemar, taker, receiver, nehmer 
 nem'ich, namely, naemlich 
 nemols, never, menials 
 nemond, no one, niemand 
 nt-na, to name, to call, nennen 
 iiera, kidneys, nieren 
 
 267 
 
t 
 
 ner&fgt 
 
 toerSfet, nerainshlich, suet, nieren- 
 fett, nierenschmalz [kraut 
 
 neragrout, sneeze wort, nieren- 
 aerakronkhad, disease of the kid- 
 neys, BrigEt's disease, nieren- 
 krankheit 
 
 nerashtik, the rump of veal, nieren- 
 nesa, to sneeze, niesen [stueck 
 neshd, nest, nest 
 net, not, nicht 
 Betdesdawenich'r, ' nevertheless, 
 
 nichtsdestoweniger 
 fcew'l, fog, mist, nebel 
 newla, to drizzle, nebeln 
 newlich, foggy, misty, neblich 
 nichdarn, sober, temperate, nuech- 
 
 Dofgmber 
 
 nochfroga, to inquire, nachfragetx 
 nochfulga, to follow, to imitate, to 
 succeed, consequences, nachfolgen 
 nochfulgar, successor, nachfolger 
 nochgaburt, after birth, placenta, 
 
 nachgeburt 
 
 [geben 
 
 nidar, down, nieder 
 
 [tern 
 
 nidardrechdich, base, vile, despic- 
 able, niedertraechtig 
 
 nidardrechdichkad, baseness, ras- 
 cality, niedertraechtigkeit 
 
 mdarg'shloga, dejected, in low 
 spirits, niedergeschlagen 
 
 oidslich, useful, profitable, nuetzlich 
 
 niks, nothing, nichts 
 
 oiksnuts, good for nothing, worth- 
 less fellow, nichts nutz 
 
 oiksnudsich, naughty, mischievous, 
 worthless, nichts nutzig 
 
 oikswis'r, know nothing, nichts- 
 wisser ( [never, nimmer 
 
 nima, nimi, no more, no longer, 
 
 nipu, handle of a snathe, nip 
 
 nis, nuts, nits, nuesse 
 
 nisich, nitty, lausig 
 
 nishd'la, to snuggle, nisteln 
 
 nisshis'r, gad-fly, stechfliege 
 
 'no, afterward, hernach 
 
 noch, no', after, nach 
 
 nochbada, to pray the words of 
 another, nachbeten 
 
 nochbringa,to bring up,nachbringen 
 
 nochdeui, alterwards, after that, 
 nach d em ~ [nachdenken 
 
 nochdenka, to consider, to meditate, 
 
 nochd'rhund, afterwards, nachmals 
 
 noch eila, hurry after, nacheilen 
 
 noch en un'r, one alter another, 
 successively, nacheinander 
 
 H)chesa, to eat after the rest, or at 
 the second table, am nach essen 
 
 nochfila, to fill up, nachfuellen 
 
 nochgawa, to recede, to yield, nach- 
 nochg'mocht, imitated, forged, 
 
 counterfeit, nachgemacht, falsch 
 nochhar, afterwards, nachher 
 nochhelfa, to help along, to improve, 
 nachhelfen [nachkomme 
 
 nochkemling, descendant, offspring, 
 nochlesich, negligent, careless, heed- 
 less, nachlaessig 
 nochlusa, to abate, to relax, to cease, 
 
 nachlassen 
 
 nochmidog, afternoon, nachmittag 
 nochmocha, to imitate, to forge, to 
 counterfeit, nachahmen, faelschen 
 nochmols, afterwards, nochmals 
 nochorda, to take after, nacharten 
 nochricht, news, notice, nachricht 
 nochsawga, to repeat words, to re- 
 
 port, nachsagen 
 
 nocht, night, nacht ; 
 
 uochtesa, supper, abendessen 
 nochthofa, chamber, nachtopf 
 nochtmol, the Lord's supper, abend- 
 
 mahl 
 nochtshoda, 
 
 [nachtschaWen 
 deadly night shade, 
 
 nochtwechd'r, night watchman, 
 
 nachtwaechter [weis 
 
 nochweis, proof, explanation, nach- 
 nod, distress, need,noth 
 nod, pi. nad, seam, nahte, naehte 
 noda, notes, bills, letters, noten, 
 nodel, needle, nadel [briefe 
 
 nodg'lita, damaged, nothgelitten, be- 
 
 schaedigt 
 
 nodglach, open link, noth-ring 
 nodleida, to suffer, to be damaged, 
 
 nothleiden [nothluege 
 
 nodlek, a lie of necessity, white lie, 
 nodob'l, pippin, noth apfel 
 nodruchda, to follow up, to aim at, 
 
 nachtrachten 
 nodshdol, trave, noth stall 
 nodwenich, necessary, nothwendig 
 nodwenichkad, necessity, noth wen- 
 
 digkeit C 
 
 nofemb'r, November, J^avember 
 
 2G3 
 
nog'l 
 
 nog'l, nail, nagel 
 nogla, to fasten with nails, nageln 
 nog'lbora, gimlet, nagelbohrer 
 nog'lfosht, immovable, unbeweglich 
 nog'lflus, whitlow, nagelfluss 
 nog'lgrout, burnet, nagel kraut 
 nonar, mitnon'r, one the other, 
 
 together,, einander, zusammen 
 nor, fool, lunatic, narr 
 norahous, lunatic asylum, narren- 
 
 haus [narrenstreiche 
 
 norashdrach, folly, tomfooleries, 
 nord, after that, hernach 
 nord, north, nord r n 
 nordlicht, sliein, northern light, au- 
 rora borealis, nordlicht 
 norecha, to rake and bind, to rake 
 
 after the scythe or after the loa- 
 
 dei of hay, nachrechen 
 nos, wet, nass 
 noshd, branch of a tree, ast 
 nou, now, j. tzt 
 nowel, navel, nabel 
 now'lbin, navel band, nabelbinde 
 now'lbruch, navel rupture, nabel- 
 
 bruch [schnur 
 
 now'lshnur, umbilical chord, nabel- 
 nuch, yet, still, after, noch 
 nachb'r, neighbor, nachbar 
 nuchb'vshoft, neighborhood, nach- 
 
 barschaft 
 
 nachd'rhond, after that, nachher 
 nuchainol, once more, noch einmal 
 nud'la, noodles, vermicelli, nudeln 
 nud'lsup, noodle soup, nudelsuppe 
 nudsa, use, profit, nutzen 
 nuf, up to a place, hinauf 
 nuk, nod, wink, winken, nicken 
 nuka, to nod, nicken 
 nTil, nought, cipher, zero, null 
 numa, only, nur 
 
 nunar, down from a place, hinunter 
 nunar drada, to kick down, to tread 
 
 down, hinunter treten 
 nur, only, nur 
 nuts, worth, of use, werth 
 
 o 
 
 Igiir Ob , a prefix equivalent to of 
 or from sometimes, down, un, etc., in 
 many transitive verbs, with this pre- 
 fix the object may be either the thinj 
 
 obg'bhwori 
 
 removed, or the thing from which somt- 
 thing is removed, many compounds 
 with th-'s prefix, are omiitcd because 
 the simple word with of or from gives 
 the signification, ab, nieder. 
 obadak, drug shop, apotheke 
 obadak'r, apothecary, apotheker 
 obadit, appetite, appetit 
 obaditlich, nice, delicious, appetit- 
 
 lich t [abbuersten 
 
 obbarshda, to brush, to brush off, 
 obbeda, to outbid at a public sale, 
 
 abbieten 
 obbina, to furnish the iron-work 
 
 for a wheel or wagon, to hoop, 
 
 abbinden 
 
 obblacha, to fade, abMeichen [tern 
 obblawd a, pluck ofi leaves, abblaet- 
 obblea, to cease blooming, to shed 
 
 the blossoms, abbluehen 
 obbrea, to scald, abbruehen 
 obbvecha, to break off^ to stop, ab- 
 
 brechen 
 
 obbruch, injury, cessation, abbruch 
 obbudsa, to clean, to clean off, ab- 
 
 wjschen, abputren 
 obdala, to divide, to share, to sepa- 
 rate, abtheilen 
 obdka, to unroof, abdecken 
 obdunkii, to resign (an office), to 
 
 remove (an officer), abdanken 
 ubdrog, duty, tax, excise, abtrag 
 obdrik'llumpa, a rag cr cloth for 
 
 wiping, towel, handtuch 
 obfol, offal, abfall 
 
 obfola, to fall off, apostatize, abfallen 
 obfud'ra. to demand from, abfordern 
 obg'buda, outbid, abgeboten 
 obg'dart, partly cured (hay), abge- 
 
 doerrt 
 obg'liifa, run off, dropped off, 
 
 come off. abgelaufen 
 obg'sawd, denied, refused, abgesagt 
 obg'shprucha, denied, refused, ab- 
 
 gesorocheu 
 ob^'shtoria, become stale, lost its 
 
 qualities, nbgestanden 
 obg'shuna, abraded, overworked, 
 
 abgeschunden [bleicht 
 
 obg'shusa, fired off, faded, abge- 
 obg'shwora, disavowed, vowed to 
 
 discontinue, abgeschworen 
 
 269 
 
obg'siifa, weakened by having given 
 
 suck, abgesoffen 
 obg'wana, to discontinue, a habit, 
 
 to wean, abgewoehnen 
 obg'wicha, left the ri^ht course, 
 
 abgewichen 
 
 obg'woga, weighed, abgewogen 
 obg'wora, impaired by use, abge- 
 
 tragen, abgenutzt 
 
 obg'zart, emaciated, thin, abgezehrt 
 obhala, to scab, to heal off, slough, 
 
 abheilen 
 
 obhara, to grant a hearing, abhoeren 
 obhara, to moult, abhaaren 
 obhenkish, sloping down, abhaengig 
 obhondla, to get by trading, to dis- 
 cuss, abhandeln 
 
 obhorcha, to listen to, abhorchen 
 obkarzungzach'n, apostrophe, ab- 
 kuerzungszeichen [fen 
 
 obkepa, to cut off the head, abkoep- 
 obklora, to clarify, to clear, klaeren 
 obkopa, to use repartee, to repri- 
 mand, abkawzeln 
 oblawda, to unload, abladcn 
 ob'l, apple, apfel 
 oblawfa, to run down, to come off, 
 
 to come to pass, ablaufen 
 oblagla, to deny, ableugnen 
 oblasa, to read off, to recite, ablesen 
 oblus, a shallow ditch, across a 
 road, to allow the water to run 
 off, thank you mam, abweiser, ab- 
 lass 
 
 obmawgara, to emaciate, abrnagern 
 obmola, to make a picture of, ab- 
 
 malen 
 
 obnema, to take from, to become 
 less, to amputate, to take a like- 
 ness by photography, abnehuien, 
 amputiren 
 
 obortich, particularly, besonders 
 obrawma, to take the cream from 
 milk, to clear off a table, abrah- 
 men, abraeumen 
 
 obrasa, obreisa, to go on a journey, 
 to depart, abreisen [nen 
 
 obrechla, to square accounts, abrech- 
 obnema, mirasmes, abrehmen 
 obritsha, to glide from, to slip 
 
 from, abrutschen 
 obrigosa,, apricots, aprikosen 
 
 flbtapiirii 
 
 obrichta, to teach tricks to animals, 
 
 to train, abrichten 
 obris, plan, diagram, abriss 
 obroda, dissuade, abrathen 
 obsawga, to refuse, to reject, to re- 
 voke, absagen [starrig 
 obsanawd, obstinate, stubborn, hals- 
 obsedsa, to dismiss, absetzen 
 obseina. to resign in writing, to 
 
 wave, unterschreiben 
 obseloot, absolutely, unbedingt 
 obshala, to peel off, to sneak off 
 
 from work, abschaelen 
 obshawma, to scum, abschaeumen 
 obshei, horror, hatred, abhorrence, 
 
 abscheu [abscheulich 
 
 obsheilich, abominable, detestable, 
 obshina, to flay, to overwork, ab- 
 
 schinden 
 
 ubshlesa, to covenant, abschliessen 
 obshofa, to repeal, to discontinue, 
 
 abschaffen 
 
 obshouma, to scum, abschaeumen 
 obshreka, to intimidate, to scare off, 
 
 abschrecken 
 
 obshreiwa, to copy, abschreiben 
 obshrita, to measure off with steps, 
 
 abschreiten 
 
 obshrouwa, to unscrew, abschrauben 
 obsht, fruit, obst 
 obshtaa, to begin to spoil, lose 
 
 taste, abstehen 
 obshtala, to steal from, to sneak 
 
 away, wegstehlen 
 obsht bawm, fruit tree, obstbaum 
 obshteiga, to dismount, get off, ab- 
 
 steigen [absteck^.n 
 
 obshteka, to mark off with stakes, 
 obshtima, to put to a vote, abstim- 
 
 men 
 obshtreicha, to strike off, (in 
 
 mensimng grain), abstreichen 
 obshtrigla, to curry, striegeln 
 obshtrofa, reprimand, to rebuke, 
 
 absti-afen [abschwoeren 
 
 obshwara, to renounce with an oath, 
 obshwawrta, to cut slabs, to give a 
 
 beating:, abschwarten 
 obshwenka, to rinse, abspuehlen 
 obsicht, design, purpose, absicht 
 obtapara, to diminish gradually, U 
 
 get sober, abtaepern 
 
 270 
 
omgt 
 
 obsods, pi. obseds, heel, haken, 
 absatz [satz 
 
 obsods, pause, stop, paragraph, ab- 
 obsods, sale in mercantile transac- 
 tions, absatz [saufen 
 obsoufa, to weaken by sucking, ab- 
 obtrena, to unseam, to rip oft, ab- 
 
 trennen 
 
 obwada, to graze, abweiden 
 obwak, by-road, wrong way, abweg 
 obwara, to wear off, to oppose, to 
 
 disuade, abnutzcn, abwehren 
 
 obwawrta, to nurse, to wait at table, 
 
 abwarten [rin 
 
 obwart'rn, female nurse, abwaerte- 
 
 obweieha, to depart, to deviate, ab- 
 
 weichen 
 
 obweis'r, a shallow ditch, across a 
 road, for a water course, abweiser 
 obweksla, to interchange, to alter- 
 nate, abwechseln [welken 
 obwelka, to wither and fall off, ab- 
 obwishur, wiper, duster, staubbesen 
 obwitsha, to slip away, entschluepf- 
 en [abjagen 
 obyawgii, to take away, to cheat, 
 obzarkla, to make something very 
 
 exact, abzirkeln 
 obzug, deduction, abzug 
 och, oh ! ach ! 
 ochdem, breath, atheni 
 ocht, care, attention, esteem, acht- 
 ocht. eight, acht [ un g 
 
 ochtsum, attentive, careful, achtsam, 
 
 aufmerksam 
 
 ochtza, eigliteen, achtzehn 
 ochzich, eighty, achtzig 
 odar, order, condition, ordnung 
 odenka, keepsake, memory, anden- 
 od'r, vein, ader [ken 
 
 od'rlusa, to bleed, aderlassen 
 od'rmencha, agrimony, adermaerm- 
 of, ape, monkey, affe [chen 
 
 ogewa, to propose, to prosecute, an- 
 ogla, awns, acheln [geben 
 
 og'uam, pleasurable, welcome, an- 
 
 gcnehm 
 
 og'numa accepted, angenommen 
 og'woksa, liver grown, augewachsen 
 oi, pi. oiar, egg, ei, eier 
 oi diitr' yolk, eidotter 
 oi'rkucha, omelet, eierkuchen 
 
 okadera, to make an agreement, 
 
 ok'r, acre, acker [anordnen 
 
 oksazung, bugloss, ochsenzunge 
 
 oks, ax, axt 
 
 oksel, shoulder, achsel, schulter 
 
 Hktow'r, October, Oktober 
 
 51, olar, ola' oles, allaller, alle, alles 
 
 oladog, every day, daily, taeglich 
 
 olahond'l, monopoly, alleinhandel 
 
 ohlmol, every time, allemal 
 
 olauich. alone, allein 
 
 olararsht, the very first, ganz zuerst 
 
 olardings, sure enough, to be sure, 
 
 allerdings 
 olarheil un olar sal, all saints' day 
 
 and all souls' day, am tage aller 
 
 heiligen und aller seelen 
 olarhund, various things, many 
 
 kinds, allerlei 
 
 olaweil, onaweil, just now, jetzt 
 old, old, alt [altar 
 
 oldawr, altar, communion table, 
 old'r bud'r, stale butter, alte butter 
 old'rweiw'r sum'r, Indian Summer, 
 
 nachsommer 
 olfort, always, immer 
 olgebut, frequently, haeufig 
 olgoma, -mei, commonly, gewoehn- 
 
 lich, allgemein 
 
 olarla, of various kinds, allerlei 
 olarlei, hotch potch, allerlei 
 olich, linseed oil, leinoel 
 olmechtlg, Almighty, very large, 
 
 allmaechtig [men 
 
 olrn'non'r, all together, alle zusam- 
 olmosa, alms, almosen [bens 
 
 olniks, all nothing, in vain, verge- 
 olonsworz'l, elecampane, alant 
 olou, alum, alaun 
 
 olowa, aloe, aloe [als noch 
 
 ols, always, still, in the habit of, 
 olsamol, sometimes, zuweilen 
 olwisent, omniscient, allwissend 
 urn, on the, am [amorellen 
 
 omarela karsha, morella cherries, 
 ombos, anvil, ambos 
 ombrel, umbrella, regenschirm 
 omechtich, faint, ohnmaechtig 
 omety second crop of hay, after- 
 
 m h, nachmald 
 omet mucha, to work at the second 
 
 crop of hay, nachmald machen 
 
 271 
 
tfmol 
 
 omol, also, once, auch eimnal 
 omobawdieh, Homeopathic, homoeo- 
 
 pathisch 
 
 omshel, robin, amsel, rotlikelilclien 
 ornt, office, amt 
 on, on, an 
 
 onar, other, anderer 
 ondefi, endive, endivien 
 ong'l, fishhook, fishing rod, to an- 
 gle, angel, angelhcken, angeln 
 onkar, anchor, anker 
 ontwort, reply, response, answer, 
 
 ant wort 
 
 on'rsht'r, otherwise, anders 
 oor, clock, uhr [spruenglich 
 
 oorshbringlich, originally, ur- 
 oorsoch, cause, incentive, ursache 
 oorgrosfot'r, great grandfather, ur- 
 
 grossvater 
 
 opadildok, opodeldoc, opodeldok 
 or, ear. ohr [ohrenblaeser 
 
 orablas'r, tell-tale, tale bearer, 
 ord, kind, sort, art 
 ord, place, ort, platz 
 ordlich. quite, ziemlich 
 or Jning, order, ordnung 
 orensh, orange, orange 
 orensh zwiw'l, mdian turnip, aran 
 orfeik, box on the ear, ohrfeige 
 org, bad, uncommon, very, arg 
 
 schlimm, sehr 
 orgel, organ, orgel 
 org'lshpelar, organist, organist 
 orichinal, original, original 
 orich, ork, bad, uncommon, very, 
 
 arg schlimm, sehr 
 orm, arm, arm 
 orm, poor, arm 
 orma, army, armee, heer 
 ormar, pauper, armer 
 ormood, poverty, armuth 
 ormsalich, poor, needy, paltry, arm- 
 
 selig 
 
 orndlich, decent, ordentlich 
 orznei, medicine, arznei 
 os, as, als, wie 
 os, carrion, aas 
 'osanlich, respectable, reputable, 
 
 considerable, ansehnlich* 
 'osawga, to announce, to give notice, 
 
 ansagen ("Ascher Mittwoch 
 
 oshamidwiich, Ajsh Wednesday, 
 
 osha, aspen, espe 
 
 oshdara, Easter, Osteru 
 
 oshd'r mondog, Easter Monday, 
 
 Oster M on tag 
 osht, branch of a tree, ast 
 'oshtaa, to please, gefallen 
 oshta, to be put off, to procrastinate, 
 
 anstehen lassen 
 oshtreicha, to paimt, anstreichen 
 oshtreich pens' 1, painter's brush, 
 
 pinsel [ansicht 
 
 osicht, view, appearance, opinion, 
 oufarshtaunk, resurrection, aufer- 
 ous, out, aus [stehucg 
 
 ousbeda, to give notice, to quit, aus- 
 
 bieten 
 
 ousbrea,to scald a vessel, ausbruehen 
 ousbudsa, to prune, to reprimand, 
 
 ausputzen, schelten [austheilen 
 ousdala, to divide among, to plan, 
 ousdena, to serve one's time, aus- 
 
 dienen 
 
 ousdenka, to contrive, ausdenken 
 ousdilya, exstirpate, ausrotten 
 ousdoura, to persevere, to last, aus- 
 
 dauern 
 ousdraa, to turn out, to wring wet 
 
 clothes, ausweichen, ausringen 
 onsdraar, clothes-wringer ,ausringer 
 ousdriklich, positively, expressly, 
 
 explicitly, ausdruecklich 
 ousdruk, expression, ausdruk 
 ousewa, to practice, ausueben 
 ousfarchda, ouspluga, to plow be- 
 tween the rows of corn, to furrow 
 
 out. ausfurchen 
 ousfawring, eruption, ausschlag 
 ousfarkawfa, to sell out, ausver- 
 
 kaufen 
 ousfera, to carry out, to perform, to 
 
 finish, ausfuehren 
 ousfol, deficiency, ausfall 
 ousfresa, to eat all, ausfressen 
 ousfrousla, to wear to fringes, aus- 
 
 frauzen 
 
 ousgadeiart, tired, ennuedet 
 ousgalarnt, finished his education, 
 
 ausgelernt 
 
 ousgemocht, certain, doubtless, de- 
 cided upon, ausgemacht 
 ousgawoksa, sprouted, adult, aus- 
 
 gewachsen 
 
 272 
 
ousg'bisS, 
 
 ousg*brsa, cut out, ausgebissen 
 ousg'buta, having received notice to 
 
 quit, ausgeboten 
 ousg'dent, having become unfit, 
 
 ausgedient 
 
 ousg'lufa, run out, ausgelaufen 
 ousg'numa, with the exception, aus- 
 
 genommen 
 ousgonga, extinguished, ausgegan- 
 
 gen, erloschen 
 ousg'ord, degenerated, deteriorated, 
 
 ausgeartet 
 
 ousg'sawd, promulgated, ausgesagt 
 ousg'shbelt, played out, ausgespielt 
 ousg'shlusa, excluded, ausgesehlos- 
 sen [sprochen 
 
 ousg'shpruoha, pronounced, ausge- 
 ousg'shriwa, appointed by procla- 
 mation, ausgeschrieben 
 ousg'shtona, borne, suffered, ausge- 
 
 standen 
 
 ousg'wicha, evaded, lost the per- 
 pendicular, ausgewichen 
 oushala, to heal perfectly, ausheilen 
 oushela, to hollow out, aushoelen 
 ousholda, to bear, to stipulate, aus- 
 halten [auskratzen 
 
 ouskrutsA, to erase, to scratch out, 
 ouskucha, clean by boiling, to ex- 
 tract by boiling, auskochen 
 ouskuma, to live within means, aus- 
 kommen [gehungert 
 
 ouskung'rd, fanished, starved, aus- 
 ouslawfa, to expire, auslaufen 
 ouslara, to empty, ausleeren 
 ouslasa, to select, to separate sorts, 
 auslesen [legen 
 
 ouslaga, to explain, to expend, aus 
 ouslagar, intrepreter, expositor, 
 dolmetscher, ausleger [der 
 
 ouslen'r, alien, foreigner, ausla-en- 
 ouslesha, to extinguish, ausloeschen 
 ouslocha, to laugh at, ausiachen 
 ouslond. foreign country, auslaiwl 
 ousmishda. to clean stables, us s- 
 misten [ausmachen 
 
 ousmocha, to dig out, to plow oa t, 
 ousnaa, to stitch, to embroider, su s- 
 naehen [nehai<;n 
 
 ousnema, to except, to empty, aus- 
 ouspika, to shell (peas or beans), 
 ausschaelen 
 
 ouswftndrar 
 
 ouspluga, to plow between rows, 
 
 auspfluegen [zen 
 
 ousplonsa, to transplant, auspflan- 
 
 ouspoka, to unpack, to open a 
 
 packet, auspacken 
 ousrad, excuse, pretext, ausrede 
 ousreisa, to tear out, to abscond, 
 ausreissen [ausrichten 
 
 ousrichda, to perform, to attend to, 
 ousridsha, to glide, to slip, aus- 
 rutschen [rufen 
 
 ousrufa, to cry out, to exclaim, aus- 
 ousruta, to root out, to extirpate, 
 ausrotten [ausruhen 
 
 ousruga, to take a spell of rest, 
 oussaa, to sow, aussaeen 
 oussawga, to declare, aussagen 
 oussedsa, to plant out, aussetzen 
 ousshena, to cause to feel ashamed, 
 
 to reprimand, beschaemen 
 
 ousshenka, to pour out (beverage), 
 
 ausschenken [ausschlaege 
 
 ousshlak, young shoots, suckers, 
 
 ous.t'hlesa, to lock out, to exclude, 
 
 ausschliessen 
 ausshmika, to adorn, to deck, aus- 
 
 schmuecken 
 ousshprecha, to speak out, to pro- 
 nounce, aussprechen 
 ousshpruch, verdict, aussprnch 
 ousshtaa, to suffer, to bear, aus- 
 
 stehen 
 
 ousshteiar, outfit, aussteuer 
 ousshteiga, to dismount from a car- 
 riage, aussteigen 
 ousshwenka, to rinse, auspuelen 
 ousshwitzsa, to get rid of by sweat- 
 ing, ausschwitzen 
 
 oussicht, view, expectation, aussicht 
 
 oussoufa, to drink all, aussaufen 
 
 ouswarfling, an imperfect specimen, 
 
 auswuerfiing [ausweichen 
 
 ousweicha, to turn out, to avoid, 
 
 ousweksly , to exchange, to swap, 
 
 auswechseln [auswendig 
 
 ouswenich, on the outside, by heart, 
 
 ouswesra, to freshen by emersion in 
 
 water, a-aswaessern 
 
 ouswisha, to rub out, to strike, 
 
 ai'swischen [fen 
 
 ouswitsha, to slip away, entschluep- 
 
 ouswOndrir, emigrant, aoswauderer 
 
 17a 
 
 273 
 
ouszaring 
 
 ouszarmg, consumption, auszehr- 
 
 ung, schwindsucht 
 ouszoka, to scollop, auszacken 
 ouszurichdp, t& be performed, at- 
 tended to, auszurichten 
 oweisa, to direct, anweisen 
 owena, to apply, anwenden 
 owetrot, red sky in the eveining, 
 ow'r, but, aber [abendroth 
 
 ow'rden, loft, obertenne [be 
 
 ow'rglawwa, superstition, aberglau- 
 
 P 
 
 pawd, path, pfad 
 
 padurli, parsley, petersilie 
 
 pad'r. Peter, Peter 
 
 pawr, pair, couple, few, paar 
 
 pawra, to pair, to match, paaren 
 
 par&anlich, personal, in person, 
 
 persoenlich 
 
 parshing 1 , peach, pfirsich 
 pedar, godfather, pathe 
 ped'l, small oar, ruder 
 pedla, to row, rudern 
 peds, pinch, to pinch, in a tight 
 
 place, pfetzen, kleinmen, in der 
 
 klemme 
 
 pef r, pepper, pfeffer 
 peif, pipe, whistle, pfeife 
 peila, to whistle, pfeifen 
 peifar, piper, pfeii'er 
 peil, arrow, pfeil 
 peilar, pillow, pier, pfeiler 
 pein, pain, torment, pein [peinigen 
 peinicha, to torment, to plague, 
 peinlich, painful, tormenting, pein- 
 
 lich [clien, poeckchen 
 
 pekcha, small parcel, pimple, paeck- 
 pensilfawni, Pennsylvania, Penn- 
 
 sylvanien [Pennsylvanier 
 
 pensilfawniar, Pennsylvania!!, 
 
 pensilfawnish, pevtnining to Penn- 
 sylvania, Pennsylvanich 
 pens' 1, painter's brush, pinsel 
 pero, bureau, bureau, komniode 
 peshd, pest, plague, pestilence, 
 
 pest 
 
 peshdblod'r carbuncle, pestblatter 
 pet, Peter, Peter 
 pflach, foster, pflege 
 pflicht, duty, obligation, pflicht 
 pftichtich. bound, 
 
 pohawna 
 
 j pif, shrdl whistle, pfiff 
 
 Ipik, choice, pick ax, to pick, aus- 
 
 wahl, pioke [lesen 
 
 pika, to pick, to choose, picken, aus- 
 piktar, picture, bild, gemaelde 
 pikling, dried keiring, red herring, 
 
 bueckling [ger-reise 
 
 pilg'rras, Pilgivja's progress, Pil- 
 pinbora, pegging awl, pflockbohrer 
 pingg'l, pegs, pflocknaegel 
 piiigshda, Whitsuntide, Pfingsten 
 pingshd blum, pink, swamp pink, 
 
 lilac, spanischer fiieder 
 pingshd-Mondawg, Whit-Monday, 
 
 Pfingst Montag 
 pingshd nagel, pink, nelken 
 pinktlich, punctual, puenktlich 
 pisabed, dandelion, bitterer salat, 
 
 loewenzahn, ringelblume 
 pishdol, pistol, pistole [tern 
 
 pishpera, whisper, zischeln, flues- 
 plens'lch'r, small plants, seedlings, 
 
 pflaenzchen 
 pleser, pleasure, vergnuegen 
 pleserlich, pleasurable, agreeable, 
 
 angenehm 
 plods, plots, place, platz 
 plodsha, to splash, to tattle, plaet- 
 
 schern, klatschen 
 ploga, to tease, to torment, plagen 
 plok, sickness, toil, trouble, to toil, 
 
 plage, sich plagen 
 plonata, planets, planeten 
 
 onk, plank, planke 
 plons, plant, to plant, pflanze, 
 
 pflanzen 
 plooga, to plow, pfluegen 
 plopara, to talk fast, blabber, piap- 
 
 pern [maul 
 
 plop'rmoul, chatter box, plapper- 
 ploshd'r, piaster, pflaster 
 plot, plate, platte 
 plots, place, platz 
 plotsraga, rainshower, platz-regen 
 ploudara, to talk, plaudern 
 pluk, plow, pflug [ken 
 
 plukgrend'l, plow-beam, pflug-bal- 
 plukshawr, plowshare, pflugschaar 
 podsieiit, patient, patient 
 pof, priest or minister (in derision), 
 
 pfaff 
 pohawna, peacock, pfanhahn 
 
 274 
 
poliink'l 
 
 pohink'l, peafowl, pfau 
 
 pok, bundle (of pedlar, ) pack, pack 
 
 poka, to pack, to wrestle, packen, 
 
 ringen [plauderhaft 
 
 plouJerich, talkative, friendly, 
 pokbera, poke-weed, echarlachbeere 
 pokich, slow at work, poking, lang- 
 
 sam 
 
 poloshd, palace, pallast, schloss 
 polz, Palatinate, Pfalz 
 pon, pan, pfanne [pfannku$hen 
 ponakucha, fritters, pancakes, 
 ponhaws, stir about, made of buck- 
 wheat flour, boiled in the liquid 
 
 from boiling puddings, scrabble, 
 
 pfannhase 
 
 poo, an interjection, puh 
 pora, minister of the gospel, parson, 
 
 jfarrer, pfarrherr 
 porades, paradise, paradies 
 poreskin'r, catechumens, confir- 
 
 manden 
 
 porbla, small-pox, blattern, pocken 
 porblaplonsa, vaccinate, impfen 
 poul, Paul, Paul 
 poushbokich, pausbackig 
 prechtig, ( splendid, beautiful, 
 
 praeclitig 
 
 predicha, to preach, predigen 
 predich'r, minister of the gospel, 
 
 prediger 
 
 predichomt, ministry, predigtamt 
 present, prison, jail, gefaengniss 
 prig'l, cudgle, club, limb of a tree, 
 
 pruegel, knittel 
 prig'l huls, fine wood consisting of 
 
 sticks, pruegelholz 
 prig'lsup, a larnning, or cudgeling, 
 
 pruegelsuppe [praeht 
 
 procht, splendor, magnificence, 
 proehtfiil, magnificent, sumptuous, 
 
 prachtvoll 
 
 produkta, produce, erzeugnisse 
 profat, prophet, prophet 
 profazeia, to predict, to prophesy, 
 
 prophezeien ' 
 
 profes'r, professor, professor 
 prola, to boast, to brag, prahlen 
 prolar, boaster, braggart, prahler 
 prowera, to try, probiren 
 prunelagrout, heal-all, self-heal, 
 
 prunella 
 
 psolt'r, psalter, psalter 
 
 pud'lhund, poodle, pudel 
 
 puda, buds, knospen 
 
 pudra, to powder, pudern 
 
 puk, pimple, finne, pocke 
 
 puiw'r, gun powder, schiess-pnlyer 
 
 pulw'rhorn, powderhorn, pulver. 
 
 pund, pound, pfund [horn 
 
 punk, punk, schwamm 
 
 pushda, post, posten [ster 
 
 piishtmasht'r, postmaster, postm<ji- 
 
 piishtofis, post-office, postanit 
 
 R 
 
 ra. ranar, clean, pure, rein 
 
 rab, vine, rebe 
 
 rabarbraw, rhubarb, rhabarber 
 
 racha, to reach, reichen 
 
 rawchgerich, revengeful, rachgierig 
 
 rad, oration, speech, talk, rede 
 
 rawd, wheel, rad 
 
 rawda, cockles, rade 
 
 rad'l, red chalk, rothstein, roetel 
 
 rad'l, boom-pole, knebel 
 
 radla, measles, roetheln, masern 
 
 radnar, orator, preacher, redner 
 
 raf, hoop, reif 
 
 rafort, reinfijrt, tansy, reinfarren 
 
 rafshdeka, hoop {joles, reifstoecke 
 
 ragla, rules, regeln 
 
 rag'lmasich, regular, according U 
 
 rule, regelmaessig 
 rawm, cream, rahm, sahae 
 rawmlefl, skimmer, rahmloefiel 
 ram'r, Roman, Roemer 
 rar, pipe, roehre 
 rawr, rare, scarce, selten 
 awrichkad, scarcity, seltenheit 
 ras, reis, journey, voyage, reise 
 rasa, to go on a journey or voyage, 
 
 reisen 
 
 ragt. touches, aifects, regt an 
 rawsa, to be in a rage, rasen 
 rasad, receipt, quittung 
 rawsarei, madness, fury, raserei 
 rash^a, to roast, roesten 
 rats'l, riddle, raethsel 
 rawwa, to rob, ran ben 
 rawwur, robber, raiiber 
 rawwarei, robbery ,^-aeuberei 
 rawsend, raging, rr.send 
 ray a, rain, to rain, regen, regnen 
 
 275 
 
raga (sich) to be lively, to move, 
 
 sich regen 
 
 rayafog'l, plover, regenvogel 
 rayames'r, rain gauge, regenmesser 
 rayarich, rainy, regnerisch 
 ragaworm, earth worm, regenwurm, 
 ragera, to govern, regieren 
 ragering, government, regierung 
 ragishd'r, index, record, register 
 razept, prescription, recipe, rezept 
 reb, pi. rewa, turnip, ruebe 
 recha, to smell, riecben 
 rechar smeller, nose, riecber, nase 
 recha, rake, to rake, rechen 
 rechla, to cipber, to calculate, rech- 
 nen [buch 
 
 rech'lbuch, an arithmetic, rechen- 
 rechlar, mathematician, rechner 
 rechling, reclining, calculation, ac- 
 count, bill, rechnung 
 recht, right, true, recht, richtig 
 rechtfarticha, to justify, to clear, 
 recht fertigen [maessig 
 
 rechtmasich, justly, lawfully, recht- 
 rechtmasichkad, legality, recht- 
 
 maessigkeit 
 
 rechts, to the right, rechts 
 rechtshofa, honest, reliable, virtu- 
 ous, rechtschaffen 
 redich, radish, rettig 
 redsa, to tease, necken [klatschen 
 redsha, to bear tales, to tattle, 
 ref, rack, grain cradle, reff 
 refare, arbitration, schiedsgericht 
 refareraon. arbitrator, schiedsrichter 
 reformerd, reformed, reformirt 
 refshbrtisa, round in a rack, reff- 
 
 sprossen 
 
 regament, regiment, regiment 
 reia, to baste, instep, regret, heften, 
 reib, rub, reib [rist, reuen 
 
 reibluin, everlasting, kornblume 
 reich, rich, wealthy, reich 
 reichdum, riches, reichthum 
 reichlich, abundant, reichlich 
 reida, to ride on horseback, reiten 
 reid'rsolb, blue ointment, reiter- 
 reifa, frost, veifen [salbe 
 
 reifdrouwa, chicken grapes, frost 
 
 grapes, reiftrauben 
 reim, rhyme, ballad, reim, gedicht 
 reimedich, repentant, reumuethig 
 
 ring'l 
 
 reima (sich), to agree, i-hyme, sick 
 
 zusammen reimen 
 rein, clean, pure, rein 
 reinfort, tansy, reinfarren 
 reinicha, cleanse, reinigen [reia 
 reis, journey, progress, rice, reise, 
 reisa, to tear, to pull, to gripe, reis- 
 reisend, rapidly, reissend [sen 
 
 reisheid, sway-bar, lenkscheid 
 reisham'l, part of a wagon on which 
 
 the sliding piece moves, lenksche- 
 
 mel 
 
 reiwa, to rub, to grate, reiben 
 reiweis'a, grater, reibeisen 
 releyon, religion, religion 
 rema, leather strap, thong, riemen 
 rena, to run, to thrust, rennen 
 rera, to stir, to efiect, ruehren 
 res, giant, very tall person, riese 
 reshta, to arrest, to sue at court, 
 
 arretiren, verklagen [riester 
 
 reshd'r, a patch on a boot or shoe, 
 res'l, snout, pro"boscis, ruessel 
 reta, to save, to rescue, retten 
 rewa, turnips, rueben 
 richta, to judge, to put into right 
 
 position, richten 
 richtar, judge, richter 
 richtich, correct, richtig 
 richtichkad, settlement, richtigkeit 
 richtsheid, ten feet pole, carpen- 
 ter's rule, richtscheit 
 richtshnur, straight line, rule of 
 
 action, richtschnur 
 ridla, to shake, ruetteln 
 rig'l, rail, crosstimber, riegel 
 rig'l, bolt, to bolt, riegel, riegeln 
 rig'khlus, lock with bolts, stock. 
 
 lock, riegelschloss 
 rik, back, ruecken 
 rika, to move slightly, ruecken 
 rikkronkhad, rickets, ruecken- 
 
 krankheit [rueckmeisael 
 
 rikmas'l, the meat on the spine, 
 rikstrong, spine, rueckgrat 
 rilps, a rough unpolished fellow, 
 
 ruelps 
 
 rilpsich, unmannerly, ruelpsich 
 rina, to leak, rinnen 
 rina, bark, rinde 
 rind, heifer, rind, kalb 
 ring'l, ringlet, ring 
 
 276 
 
runS, 
 
 , to put a ring through the 
 snout of a pig, ringen 
 ring'lblum, marigold, ringelblume 
 lingoushloga. game Copenhagen, 
 
 ringabschlagen 
 rinsl'e, neat cattle, rindvieh 
 rinsi'e (shtik), rinshtikfe, a head of 
 
 cattle, stueck rindvieh 
 rinsflash, beef, rindfleisch 
 rinsled'r, neats' over leather, rinds- 
 led er 
 
 rins/ung, neats' tongue, ochsenzunge 
 rip, rib, rippe 
 
 ripatel, pleura, rippenfell [stoss 
 ripushtos, cuff in the ribs, rippen- 
 ris, rent, fissure, crack, riss 
 rishbia, panicles, rispen 
 rislita,, to prepare, ruesten 
 risbthous, arsenal, zeughaus 
 .riahtich, vigorous, in good health, 
 
 ruestig 
 
 rishting, preparation, zuruestung 
 rit'rshbora, larkspur, rittersporn 
 ro, raw, sore, rougli, roh 
 roeha, mouth, abyss, rachen 
 rocha, vengeance, revenge, rache 
 rochger, vindictiveness, revengeful- 
 ness, raehgier 
 
 rochyerich, vengeful, rachgierig 
 rod, counsel, advice, red, rath, roth 
 rodi, to guess, to counsel, rathen 
 rodgew'r, counselor, adviser, rath- 
 
 geber 
 
 rodhuls, log- wood, rothholz 
 rudlich, reddish, roethiich 
 rod prin.-sipitawt, red precipitate, 
 
 roth praecipitat 
 rodreb, beet, roth-ruebe 
 rod'r hink'ldorm, pimpernel, pim- 
 
 pernellen 
 
 rodsom, advisable, rathsam 
 rodworz'l, blood root, rothwurzel 
 rofa, (uf), to gather up, laffen 
 rogoon, raccoon, waschbaer 
 roii, rows, reihen 
 ronft, rim, rand 
 ronk, vine, ranke 
 roo, rest, ruhe 
 roof, call, to call, ruf, rufen 
 roor, dysentery, ruhr 
 Toorgrout, cudweed, ruhrkraut 
 roos, soot, russ 
 
 roosich, sooty, russig [ruthi 
 
 root, rod, rod of a thrashing flail, 
 
 rooya, to rest, ruhen 
 
 Topla, to clrtter, rappeln 
 
 roplich, dilapidated, rapplich 
 
 ror. pipe, rohr, roehre 
 
 rorblech, sheet iron, rohrblech 
 
 roseina, raisins, rasinen 
 
 rosh, hasty, headlong, quick, rasch 
 
 roshb'l, rasp, raspel 
 
 roshd, roast, braten 
 
 roshtgrat, gridiron, rost 
 
 rosla, to rattle, rasseln 
 
 ros'lshlongaworzT, seneca snak* 
 
 root, schlangenwurzel 
 rosum, rosin, harz 
 rot, red, roth 
 rot, rat, ratte 
 rou, rough, rauh 
 rouba. caterpillars, raupen 
 roubeg'l, roubels, unmannerly fel- 
 
 low, rauhpelz 
 
 rouboshdich, robust, kraeftig 
 routa, rue, raute 
 rous, out of, heraus 
 rousfudara, to challenge, heraua- 
 
 fordern 
 
 rousgewa, to publish, herausgeben 
 roush, intoxication, spree, rausch 
 rousha, to rush, to rustle, rauschen 
 roush abeid'l, an uncouth fellow, 
 
 rauschbeutel 
 rud'r, oar, ruder 
 
 ruds, snot, rotz [nase 
 
 ruds'r, rutsnaws, a pert child, roU- 
 rudshuls, slippery elm, ulme 
 rudsich, snotty, rotxig 
 ruf, up to place, herauf 
 ruf a, to call, rufen 
 ruich, tranquil, quiet, ruhig 
 ruk, be quiet ! stop ! ruhig 
 ruk, coat, rock 
 
 rukneg'l, coat tail, rockschoss 
 rul, roll, to roll, rolle, rollen 
 rular, rule, lineal [tabak 
 
 ruladuwok, twist-tobacco, rollen- 
 rum, about, round, herum [mu 
 rumadis, rheumatism, rheumatis- 
 rumg'shuna, plowed shallow, 
 
 skinned, herumgeschunden 
 runa, runga, standard (of a wagon) 
 
 runge 
 
 277 
 
rumlafr 
 
 rumlaf r, tramp, herum laeufer 
 rund round, rund 
 runding, roundness, ru ending 
 rundlich, roundish, rundlich 
 rund mas' 1, gauge, rundmeissel 
 runganera, to ruin, to break down, 
 
 ruiniren 
 
 run'r, down, herunter 
 runs'l, wrinkle, runzel, falte 
 runslich, full of wrinkles, runzlich, 
 
 faltig 
 rupa, to pluck, gather, pull, rupfen, 
 
 pfluecken, ausziehen 
 rusht, rust, rost 
 rushtich, rusty, rostig 
 rutsh, slide, rutsch 
 'rwawrta, to expect, erwarten 
 
 5 
 
 's, it (neuter pronoun), es 
 
 ea, sea, ocean, see, meer 
 
 sa, sah a, to see, sehen 
 
 Baa, to sow, saeen 
 
 Bad, string, cord, saite 
 
 saf, soap, seife 
 
 saf wos'r, soap suds, seifen-wasser 
 
 sag, sak, saw, saege 
 
 sawg, say, sage 
 
 sagund, second, secunde 
 
 sakbihk, wood-jack, saegebock 
 
 sakmal, saw dust, saegemehl, saege- 
 
 spaene 
 
 akmochter, saw-wrest, saegrichter 
 sal, straw band for tying sheaves, 
 
 seil, band 
 sal, soul, seele 
 
 salich, happy, saved, blessed, selig 
 salichkad, salvation, seligkeit 
 sawrn, hem, edge to hem,saum 
 sawma, seed, growing grain, sarnen 
 Bawmatros, marigold, sammtrose 
 Bamon. sower, saemann 
 sana, to see, sehen [sehnen 
 
 sana. to long, have a longing desire, 
 san'rn, son's wife, daughter in-law, 
 
 schwiegertochter 
 Bar. very, sehr 
 'sarsht, first, zuerst 
 eawton, satan, satan [satanisch 
 sawtcnish, satanical, diabolical, 
 eayar, sawyer, saeger 
 ae, she, sie 
 
 sfink'l 
 
 seb, sieve, sieb 
 
 sech, coulter, pflugschar 
 
 secht, say, sagt 
 
 seds, clinch iron, klammer 
 
 seg'l, seal, siegel 
 
 sei, be, sei, sein [seinea 
 
 sei, seina, seinar, his, sein, seiuer, 
 
 seil, awl, able 
 
 sei, hogs, schweine 
 
 seiarei, hog;j:ishness, dirty work, 
 
 obscene talk, schweiuerei 
 seiarlich, tart, saeuerlich 
 seibarz'l, purslane, buerzelkraut 
 seibilrshda, bristles, borsten 
 seiben, pig sty, schweinstall 
 seibon, horsebean, saubohne 
 seid, since, page, seit, seite 
 seida bled'r, side traces, seiden- 
 
 blaetter, seitenstraenge 
 seidaflash, bacon, seitenspeck 
 seidling, siding of a R. R. track, 
 seiduch, rag for straining, seihtuck 
 seiish, gluttonous, saeuisch 
 seiflash, pork, schweinefleisch 
 seifz'r, sigh, seufzer 
 seifos, swill barrel, saeufass 
 seikiw'l, swillbucket, saeueimer 
 sell, shoemakers' awl, ahle 
 seiorabled'r, plaintain leaves, 
 
 schweine-ohren [der 
 
 seishnit'r, gelder, schweine-schnei- 
 seita, (bei) by the side of, beiseite 
 seiwara, to cleanse, saeubsrn, rei- 
 
 nigen 
 
 seiwarlich, clean, tidy, reinlich 
 sekcha, little bag, beutelchen 
 seks, six, sechs 
 sei, seli, selar, that, jener 
 selamols, at that time, damals 
 selarich, celery, selleri 
 selbshtmurd, suicide, selbstmord 
 selda, unfrequently, seldom, selten 
 seldsom, strange, unaccountable, 
 selwar, self, selbst [seltsaia . 
 
 sei wen, selvedge, ecken, salband 
 seminawr, seminary, seminar 
 semli, assembly, legislature, gesets- 
 
 gebung [gesetzgeber 
 
 semlimon, member of assembly, 
 senawt, senate, senat 
 send'r, cinder, loeschkohle 
 senk'l, plummet, loth, senkblei 
 
 278 
 
sns 
 
 sens, scythe, sense 
 
 ensawurf, snath, sensengriff 
 
 aes, sweet, suess 
 
 aesflash, sweet bread^ pancreas, 
 
 aeshuls, licorice root, suessholz 
 
 eeslich, somewhat sweet, sueszlich 
 
 segment, assessment, assessment 
 
 Bes'r, assessor, assessor 
 
 Bet. seta, should, sollte, sollten 
 
 Bella (wak), road bed settling, nie- 
 
 dersinken 
 
 ha, beautiful, pretty, schoen 
 
 ahad, sheath, scabbard, scheide, 
 
 futeral [scheiden 
 
 shad a, to separate, to divorce, 
 
 ahawda, damage, injury, loss, 
 
 schaden [ous, schadenfroh 
 
 ahawda fro, malicious, mischiev- 
 
 shad'l, skull, skullbone, schaedel 
 
 shad'lhout, pericranium, schaedel- 
 
 haut [lich 
 
 Bhadlich, injurious, noxious, schaed- 
 
 Bhawdlos, free from harm or loss, 
 
 schadlos 
 
 ahawdlos-bond, indemnity - bond 
 versicherung gegen anspruch aul 
 schaden ersatz [ser 
 
 shadwos'r, aqua fortis, sebeidewas- 
 Bhafar, pawnbroker, pfandleiher 
 shafar-shop, pawnbrokers' shop 
 
 pfandleihhaus 
 Bhal, one-eyed, schielend 
 shala, to peel, schaelen 
 aiiawla, rind, peel, shell, schale 
 shawia-wok, balance, wage 
 Bhalcha, saucer, untertasse [stein 
 shalshta, hulling-millstone, schael- 
 Bhawm, scum, froth, schaum 
 shatnel, bolster, schemel 
 shamel-nogl, bolster bolt, schem- 
 melnagel [scbaumloefle 
 
 Bhawmlefl, skimming ladle 
 sliap, sheave, garbe 
 shar, scissors, scheere 
 Bhawrbuk, scorbut, scharbock 
 sharfa, to sharpen, schaerfen [ben 
 sharwa, sherds, potsherds, scher 
 sharzfel, leather apron, schurzfell 
 ghawwa, moth, schaben 
 shba, chips, spaene 
 shbacht, woodpecker, specht 
 shbaciit, spoke of a wheel, speiche 
 
 shbonpSt 
 
 shbawd, spade, spaten 
 shbawda, spavin, spaht 
 shbar, brake, sperre, sperren 
 shbawra, to save, spare, sparen 
 shbaragros, asparagus, spargel 
 shbarit, spirits, spiritus [hemmkette 
 shbarket, brake chain, log chain, 
 shbarlich, scarce, spaerlich 
 shbarling, sparrow, Sperling [sam 
 shbawrsom, saving, frugal, spar- 
 shbarwla, persimmons, mispeln 
 shbedla, to mock, spoetteln 
 shbedlich, mockingly, spoettelnd 
 shbeds'l, sparrow, sperling, spatz 
 shbeich'r, second story, above 
 stairs, speicher [estrich 
 
 shbeich'r, ewarsht, garret, loft, 
 shbeit, spite, tort 
 
 shbek, bacon, speck [take}, 
 
 shbekdawk'l, strange sight, spek- 
 shbekdef, telescope, spy-glass, ferm 
 rohr [trauben 
 
 shbekdrouwa, fox grapes, speck- 
 shbekmous, bat, fledermaus 
 shbekshwart, rind of bacon, speck- 
 
 schwarte 
 shbel, pin, stecknadel 
 shbel, play, spiel 
 shbela, to play, to rinse, to wash 
 
 dishes, spielen, spuelen 
 shbelar, gambler, spieler 
 shbelshis'l, dish pan, spuelpfanne 
 shbelsoch, play things, spielsachen 
 shbellumpa, dish cloth, waschlappen 
 shbelwos'r, dish water, sjuel- 
 wasser [schmied 
 
 spenglar, tin smith, tinker, blech- 
 shbes, pike, helbard, spiess 
 shbinawd, spinach, spinat [spiegel 
 shbig'l, mirror, looking-glass, 
 shbin, spider, spinne 
 shbina, to spin, spinnen 
 shbinaweb, cobweb, spinnewebe 
 shbind'l, pivot, spindel [pfanne 
 shbind'l pon, step box, spindel- 
 shbion, spy, spion [spitzen 
 
 shbitsa, to make sharp, pointed^ 
 shbitsich, pointed, spitzig 
 shblitii, to split, spalten 
 shbona, to stretch, spannen 
 Shbonish, Spanish, Spanisch 
 shbonpet, cross beam, queerbalken 
 
 279 
 
shhooks 
 
 Bhbooks, spook, hobgoblin, spuk, 
 
 gespenst [len 
 
 thboola, spool, to spool, spule, spu- 
 Bhboor, track, to truck, to trace, 
 
 spur, iiachspuereu, spueren 
 Bnbora, spurs, sporen 
 ah bora, rafters, sparren 
 shbos, fun, spass 
 ahbot, late, spaet 
 Bhbotsera, go visiting, spazieren 
 shbotyor, tali, autumn, spaetjahr 
 shboua, to spit, speien [spuekkasten 
 ahbouboks, spittoon, koespihdoer 
 shbouds, spittle, saliva, speichel 
 shbraa, to spread, ausbreiten 
 dhbre, a merry frolic, spree, gelag 
 shbrecha, to speak, to talk, sprechen 
 shbreuga, to blast, pursue, spreugen 
 shbrich, verses, sprueche 
 shbrich warder, proverbs, spruech- 
 
 woerter 
 
 shbrichword, proverb, spruechwort 
 shbriir'l, body bowa, tilt laths, 
 
 spriegel 
 
 Bhbriks, brads, naegel 
 ehbring, spring, quelle, feder 
 shbringa, to run, rennen 
 shbriugstuk, a lancet, sprengstock 
 shbrits, syringe, spritze 
 shbritsa, to sprinkle, squirt.spritzen 
 ehbroch, " language, utterance, 
 
 sprache 
 
 shbrodlich, spread out, ausgebreitet 
 shbrou, chaft', spreu 
 shbrousok, chaff-bed, bettsack 
 shbrouts, young shoots, sprouts, 
 
 sprossen [ture, spruch, sprueche 
 shbruch, pi. shprich, text of Scrip- 
 shbruug. leap, jump, crack, sprung 
 shbrungrema, martingale, sprung- 
 
 riemen 
 
 shbrusa, rounds, sprossen 
 shbuka, to spit, to spook, spucken 
 ghbund, bung, splint, spund 
 shbuuda,sap, bung, spunt 
 shbundbora, gouge, spundbohrer 
 shbunk, temper, spunk, heisses blut 
 shburikich, tempered, spunky ,heiss- 
 
 bluetig [spott 
 
 shbut, mocking, derision, scorn, 
 ehbutnawma, nick-name, spott 
 
 name ^ 
 
 shdSkli 
 
 shda, stone, stein 
 shdaa, to staud, stehen 
 shdaas'l, jack ass, stein esel 
 shdawb, dust, staub 
 shdabora, drill, steiubohrer 
 shdabrn.ch, quarry, steinbruch 
 shdabuk, Capricorn, Steinbock 
 shdadruk, lithography, steindruck 
 shdak, stairs, treppe 
 shdak, foot-bridge, stege, steg 
 hdakdrepa, steps, stufen 
 sbdukla, trefoil, inililot, steinklee 
 shdala, to steal, stehlen 
 shdalar, stealer, thief, stehler, dieb 
 shdawl, steel, stahl 
 shdawr, black bird, staar 
 shdawr (in eye,) cataract, staar 
 shdarblich, mortal, sterblich 
 shdarblichkad, mortality, sterb- 
 
 lichkeit [stuerzeu 
 
 shdardsa, to overthrow, hurl, fall, 
 shdark, strength, vigor, starch, 
 
 staerke [stuermer 
 
 shdarmar, a boisterous fellow, 
 shdarn, forehead, star, stirn, stern 
 shdarnblum, aster, hyacinth, star 
 
 of Bethlehem, aster [stern -hell 
 shdarn hel, unclouded, starlight, 
 shdarnken'r, astronomer, astronom 
 shdarns, confoundedly, vertiucht 
 shdarwa, to die, sterben 
 shdarweski'onk, dangerously ill. 
 
 sterbenskrank [wealth, Staat 
 Shdat, Shdawt, State, Common- 
 shdawwich, dusty, staubig 
 shdechob'l. thorn apple, belladonna, 
 
 stechapfel [chen 
 
 shded'l, shdedcha, village, staedt- 
 shdet-brud'r, step-brother, stief- 
 
 bruder [other relatives 
 
 shdef-mut'r, step-mother, etc., for 
 shdeiara, to steer, steuern 
 shdeiar rud'r, helm, steuer-ruder 
 shdeif, stiff, steif 
 shdeiting, buckram, steifleinwand 
 shdeif ket, stay chain, steif kette 
 shdeigbig'l, stirrup, steigbuegel 
 shdeiga, to ascend, to rise, steigen 
 shdek, sticks, canes, bushy, plants, 
 
 stoecke Q [sleeken 
 
 shdeka, stick, staff, cane, stock, 
 shdekli, hide and seek, verstecken 
 
 280 
 
shdSkabona 
 
 shdros 
 
 shdekabona' pole beans, stangen 
 
 bohnen 
 
 shdel, handle, stiel [stelle 
 
 shdel, place, office, employment, 
 shdela, to put, to place, stellen 
 shdelsa, stilts, stelzen 
 shdem, steam, dampf [staender 
 shdenar, a large tub, stander 
 shdeng'l, stalk, stem, stengel 
 shdeng' Iglos, wineglass, stengelgla * 
 shdepa, to stitch, to quilt, steppen 
 shdibcha, small chamber,stuebchen 
 shdich. sting, prick, stich 
 shdichla,to make allusions, sticheln 
 shdids, a small wooden vessel, a 
 stove pipe hat, trink kanne, hut 
 shdik, piece, slice, part, stueck 
 shdikflus, suffocation, croup, stick- 
 
 flusa 
 
 shdik' 1 stake, steiken 
 shdikla to do patchwork, stueckeln 
 shdik' 1 fens, stake fence, steiken 
 
 zaun 
 
 shdil, quiet, silence, stille 
 shdilshdond, unchanged, stagna- 
 tion, stilistand 
 
 shdilshweiga, silence, stillschweigen 
 shdim, voice, vote, stimme 
 shdima, to vote, to tune, stimmen 
 shdimp'l, a small remainder, ue- 
 berrest [reihen 
 
 shdimp'l roia, short rows, kurze 
 shdink, bad odor, stink, gestank 
 shdinbuk, stinking rascal, stink- 
 bock [haudkaese 
 shdinkkas, hand, or dutch cheese, 
 shdiw'l, boot, to walk, stiefel 
 shdiw'lhuls, boot tree, stiefelholz 
 shdiw'l knecht, bootjack, stiefel- 
 kaecht [lich 
 shdochlich, prickly, thorny, stach- 
 shdod, city, stadt 
 shdom, stem, trunk, tribe, stamrn 
 shdompa, to stamp, stampfen 
 shdond, im shdond, stand, state, 
 
 able, stand 
 
 shdondhoft, firm, steady, standhaft 
 shdong, pole, stange [glass 
 
 shdongaglaws, wineglass, stanngen- 
 shdool, chair, seat, stuhl 
 shdork, strong, stout, robust, stark 
 shdorm, storm, tempest, sturm 
 
 shdorkepich, stubborn, obstinate, 
 
 starrkoepfig 
 shdormich stormy, tempestuous, 
 
 stuermisch [sturmwind 
 
 shdormwind, storm, tempest, 
 shdos, thrust, push, stoss 
 shdoswoi, chicken hawk, habicht 
 shdoucha, dodged in, stauchen 
 shdraa, to strew, to make a litter, 
 
 streuen 
 
 shdrach, stroke, blow, joke, streich 
 shdrafa, stripps, streaks, streifen 
 shdrafich, striped, gestreit't [grass 
 shdrafich gros, puzzle grass, band- 
 shdrafich-shlong, garter snake, 
 
 streifige schlange [men 
 
 shdral, comb, to comb,kamm,kaem- 
 shdrawla, rays, beams, strahlcn 
 shdrawlich, raylike, strahlich 
 shdraraich, striped, streifig 
 shdreicha, to stroke, streichen 
 shdreichhuls, a rule, to strike off, 
 
 streichmass 
 
 shdreid, quarrel, strife, streit 
 shdreidich, quarreling, streitis 
 shdreis'l, nosegay, pretzel, straeuss- 
 
 chen [strecken 
 
 shdreka, to stretch, to extend, 
 shdricha, stroke, line, strich 
 shdricha, teats of a cow, zitzen 
 shdrids, syringe, squirt, spritze 
 shdrig'l, curry-comb, striegel 
 shdrik, rope, strick 
 shdrika, to knit, stricken 
 shdrimp, stockings, struempfe 
 sbdrimpmocher, hosier, strumpf- 
 
 weber 
 
 shdripa, to strip, abstreifen 
 sbdro, straw, stroh [bank 
 
 shdrobonk, straw cutter, haeksel- 
 shdrodoch, thatched roof.strohdach 
 shdrof, punishment, fine, strafe 
 shdrof'ii, to punish, to fine, strafen 
 shdrotok'l strawbunlle,sirohfakkel 
 shdrokisa,strawbolster,strohkissen 
 shdroks, straight, immediately, 
 
 stracks 
 
 shdrom, stream, current, strom 
 shdrombla, to trample, to kick, 
 
 strampeln [strang, straenge 
 
 shdrong, pi. shdreog, trace, skein, 
 shdros, street, road, strasse 
 
 281 
 
shdrosSk 
 
 Bhdrosok, strawbed, strohbett 
 shdrowlar, a misnomer of the Evan- 
 gelical denomination, strabbler 
 shdrump, stocking, hose, strumpf 
 shdrumpbend'l, garter, strumpf band 
 8hdrup,hames hook, kummet-haken 
 shdrupnod'l, bodkin, schnuernadel 
 shdruwlich, disheveled, uncombed, 
 
 struppig 
 
 shdub, room, stube 
 shduba, to darn, Sicken 
 shdup'r, stopper, stoepsel 
 shdudent, student, student 
 ehdudara, to stammer, stottern, 
 
 stammeln 
 
 shdudera, to study, studiren 
 shdudia, to study, to meditate, 
 
 studiren 
 
 shduft, stuff, stoff 
 shduk, stick, cane, story, stock 
 shduk, stack, stock, miethe 
 shdukblind, stark. blind, stockblind 
 shdukbona, bush beans, stockbohnen 
 shdukdawb, stone deaf, stocktaub 
 shdula, calkins, balls of snow on 
 
 Horses hoofs, stollen 
 shdulfus, club foot, kiumpfuss 
 shdulbara, to stumble, stolpern 
 shdulgong, excrements, stuhlgang 
 shduls, proud, haughty, stolz 
 shdum, dumb, mute, stumm 
 shdumpa, stump, stumpen 
 shdurnpshwons, bob tailed horse, 
 
 Englaetider 
 
 shdun, hour, stunde [fenster 
 
 shebfenshd'r, sash window, schieb- 
 shedsa, to value, to appraise, 
 
 schaetzen 
 
 sheia, to scare, frighten, scheuen 
 sheiar, barn, scheuer, scheune 
 sheiar den, thrashing floor, scheu- 
 
 ertenne [scheibe 
 
 sheib, target, pane, (of glass) 
 sheiheilich, hypocritical, schein- 
 
 heilig 
 
 sheiheilichar, hypocrite, heuchler 
 sheiledra, blinkers, scheuleder 
 shein, appearance, schein 
 sheina, to appear, to glitter, scheinen 
 shekich, piebald, dappled, varie- 
 gated, scheckich, bunt 
 shelagrout, celandine, schellkraut 
 
 shimp 
 
 shelda, to scold, to reprimand, 
 
 schelten 
 
 shelm, rogue, knave, schelm 
 shema, to be ashamed, to blush, 
 
 schaemen 
 
 shena, splints, schienen 
 shena-bas' m, hickory broom, 
 
 schenerbesen 
 
 shenara, more beautiful, schoenere 
 shendlich, shameful, disgraceful, 
 
 schaendlich 
 
 shenka, to give present, schenken 
 shenkar, donor, geber 
 shenk'l, thigh, schenkel, lende 
 shep, not straight, lopsided, wry, 
 
 schief [schauft-ln 
 
 shepa, to dip, to shovel, schoepfen, 
 shepbol, dipper, schoepf kelle 
 shepfung, creation, schoepfung 
 shepkiw'l,piggin, pail, schoepieimer 
 sheplef 1, ladle, schoepfloeffel 
 sher, nearly, beinahe 
 shera to stir, to urge, anspornen 
 shesa, to shoot, to run to seed, 
 
 schiessen [schiess gewehr 
 
 shesg'war, gun, fowling piece, 
 shewa, to push, to shove, schieben 
 shewar, drawer, schublade 
 shewarli, trundlebed, schieber 
 shichd'r, timid, schuechtern 
 shidla, to shake, schuetteln 
 shidlar, shaker, in thrashing, 
 
 schuettler [telgabel 
 
 shid'l gow'l, a wooden fork, schuet- 
 shids, marksman, schuetze 
 shif. ship, schiff 
 
 shifbruch, shipwreck, schiff bruch 
 shifawrd, navigation, schift'ahrt 
 shif 1, weavers' shuttle, weber schiff 
 shifleit, crew, sailors, schiffsmann- 
 
 haft, matrosen 
 shika, to send, schicken 
 shika mocha, to make it conveni- 
 ent, schicken machen [schicklich 
 shiklich. convenient, suitable, 
 shiksawl, fate, schicksal 
 shild. sign, schild 
 shildgrout, scull-cap, schildkraut 
 shilgrud, tortoise, schildkroete 
 shilsheid, single-tree, sillscheit 
 shimara, to glimmer, schirnmerti 
 shimp, disgrace, dishonor, schimpf 
 
 282 
 
shim'l 
 
 shim'l, a white horse, mould, 
 
 schimrnel 
 
 shimpa, abuse, defame, schimpfen 
 Bhimpnawma, nick-name, schimpf- 
 
 name [den 
 
 shina, to flay, to overwork, schin- 
 shinba, shin, schienbein 
 Bhind'l, shingle, schindel 
 shinlood'r, scamp, schindluder 
 shinos, carrion, schindaa-s 
 shin'r, scavenger, schinder [fel 
 ship, shovel, scoop, schippe, schau- 
 shipa, scales of fish, spades, schup- 
 
 pen, schippen 
 shis'l, dish, schuessel 
 shiwarich, speckled, gefleckt 
 shiw'l, a piece, chunk, schuebel 
 shkeda, to skate, schlittschuh laufen 
 shkeds, skates, schlittschuhe 
 shkwarl, squirrel, eichhoernchen 
 shla, shlita, sleigh, sled, schlitten 
 shlad, slate, schiefer 
 shladdek'r, slater, schieferdecker 
 shlafrich. sleepy, drowsy, schlaefrig 
 shlafgorn, seine, drag-net, zugnetz 
 shlawga, to strike, schlagen 
 shlecht, bad, poorly, schlecht 
 shlechtichkad. baseness, meanness, 
 
 schlechtigkeit 
 shleg'l, sledge, schlaegel 
 Bhleicha, to walk cautiously, to 
 
 sneak, schleichen 
 shleita. to grind, schleifen 
 shieim, slime, mucilage, schleim 
 shlekil, to lick, lecken, schlecken 
 shlekarei, dainties, leckerbissen 
 shlek'rwasii, sweet meats, confect 
 shlenk, sling, thumb-latch, schlinge, 
 
 klinke [kerrnd 
 
 shlenkarich, loose jointed, schlen- 
 shler, abscess, geschwuer 
 shlesa, lock (in canal) schleuse 
 shlesa, to lock, to conclude, schlies- 
 
 sen 
 
 ehleslich, in conclusion, schliesslich 
 Bhlichta, to agree, settle, schlichten 
 shlichthuls, shoemakers' sleeking 
 
 stick, schlichtholz [schlichthobel 
 Bhlichtliow'l, smoothing plane, 
 shlids, slit, hole, schlitz 
 shlik, crafty, ingenious, geschickt 
 shliks'r, hiccough, aufstossen 
 
 shmachl'r 
 
 shlim, bad, sad, schlimm 
 shling, hot punch, punsch 
 saling' 1, a gawky fellow, schlingel 
 shliparich, slippery, schluepfrig 
 shlipars, sleepers, railroad sills, 
 balken, schwellen [toifeln 
 
 shlipars, light shoes, slippers, pan- 
 shlis'l, key, schluessel 
 shlis'lbledcha, key hole-guard, 
 schluessel-plaettchen [blume 
 shlis'lblum, primrose, schluessel- 
 shlita, sleigh, sled, schlitten 
 shlitalafr, runners, schlittenlaeufer 
 shliwara, splinters, splitter 
 shliw'r, splinter, (slightly intox- 
 icated), betrunken 
 shlocht, battle, schlacht [ten 
 
 shlochda ,to kill, to butcher, schlach- 
 shlochtfe, fattened cattle, schlacht- 
 
 vieh 
 
 shlof, sleep, schlaf [schlaf kammer 
 shlofkom'r, shlofstub, bed room, 
 shloga, to strike, to beat, schlagen 
 shloga, borz'lbawm, throw a somer- 
 sault, purzelbaum schlagen 
 shlok, paralysis, schlagfluss 
 shlom, mud, slime, schlamm 
 shlongahed'r, shlongadukt'r, drag, 
 on fly, devil's darning needle, 
 snake feeder, schlangen fliege. 
 shlong, snake, schlange [schlampe 
 shlop, swill, untidy female, 
 shlophood, bonet, sun bonnet, 
 
 schlapphut 
 
 shlopich, untidy, schlappig 
 shlorijfag'sicht, mask, larve 
 shlosa, hail, hagel 
 shlou, sly, cunning, shrewd, schlau 
 shlowara, to slobber, schlabbern 
 shlow'rduch, bib, schlabberlappen 
 shluk, a swallow, to swallow, 
 schluck [mer schlucker 
 
 sbluk'r, ormer, poor wretch, ar- 
 shlump, sloppy, schlump 
 shlumpich, slovenly, schlampich 
 shlumra, slumber, schlummern 
 shlup, loop, noose, bow, schleife 
 shlupa, to slip, schluepfen 
 shlus, lock, schloss 
 shlus, end, conclusion, schluss 
 shmachla, to flatter, schmeicheln 
 shoiachrr, flatterer, schmeichler 
 
 283 
 
shmachlich 
 
 hmachlich, insinuating, schmeich- 
 
 elnd 
 
 ehmawl, narrow, slim, schmal 
 ghmard, smart, fleissig 
 shtuardsa, pain, schmerzen [fliege 
 shmasmik, blue bottle fly, schmeiss- 
 shmeisa, to throw, schmeissen 
 Bhmelsa, to melt, schrnelzen 
 shmer, grease, schmiere [kaese 
 Bomerkas, cottage cheese, schmier- 
 ehmersaf, soft soap, schmierseife 
 shmid, blacksmith, schmied 
 shmidzark'l, calipers, hohlzirkel 
 8hm5chda, to languish, schmachten 
 shmodich, sultry, schwuel 
 shmoke, smoke, rauch 
 shmoka, to taste, schmecken 
 shmok-duwoh, fine cut, rauch-tabak 
 shmokpeif, smoke pipe, pfeife 
 shmokdawg, shmokwed'r, Indian 
 
 Summer, nachsommer 
 shmols, lard, schmalz 
 ehmora, clash, cut, schmarren 
 shmots, smack, schmatz 
 shmunsla, to smile, to laugh sub- 
 
 duedly, schmunzeln 
 shmunslich, smiling, schmunzelnd 
 shmuts, grease, dirt.; schmutz 
 ehna, snow, sehnoe 
 ehuablum, snow drop, schneeblume 
 ehnatiuka, snowflakes, schnee- 
 flocken [gestoebe 
 
 ahnag'shtiw'r, snow-storm, schnee- 
 shnara, to jerk, schnarren 
 shneb, snipe, scbnept'e 
 ehneid, cutting edge, schneide 
 shneida, to cut, schneiden 
 hneidbonk, coopers' or drawin 
 
 bench, schneidbank 
 shneideisa, screw tap, schneideise: 
 shneidmes'r, drawing knife 
 
 schneidmesser 
 
 ehneid r, tailor, Schneider [ro 
 ehneid r, daddy longlegs, kobopte 
 ehneid rn, mantua maker, naeheri 
 ehneidsa, to blow the nose, schnaeu 
 
 zen 
 
 ehnek, snail, schnecke [deltrepjp 
 ehnekashtak, winding stairs, wen 
 shnekich, dainty in eating, delicat 
 shnel, quick, schnell 
 ehnelar, shnelkef r, an insect at 
 
 shflfich 
 
 tacking smoked hams, schneller 
 tinelshreiw'r, short hand writer, 
 
 stenograph 
 
 tmelwok, steelyard, schnell wage 
 tinepa, lift with a lever, schneppen 
 bnepgolya, lever pump, schnepp- 
 
 galgen 
 
 bnep'r, snapping turtle, schnapper 
 hnep'r, trigger, druecker 
 hnerleibch'n, corset, schnuerleib 
 hner shtiwla, lacing boots, schnuer- 
 
 stiefeln [schnipfel 
 
 hnip'lch'r, small pieces, snipsels, 
 hnipsa, to sob, schluchzen 
 hnit, cut, schnitt [schnittlinge 
 hnitling, cutting from a plant, 
 ihnitloch, chives, schnittlauch 
 ihnits, dried fruit, pared apples, 
 
 schnitz 
 shn5d'ra, to shake from cold, 
 
 schnattern 
 
 shnoka, gnats, schnaken, muecken 
 shnol, buckle, schnalle 
 shnoor, twine, string, schnur 
 shnoot, snout, wry mouth, schnaui* 
 shnopa, to snap, schnappen 
 shn5ps, dram, schnaps 
 shnopsok, knapsack, tornifter 
 shnora, to hum, schnarren 
 shnorfog'l, humming bird, kolibri 
 shnorksa, to snore, schnarchen 
 shnotra, to cackle, schnattern 
 shnoufa, to breathe, schnaufen 
 shnousa, to eat clandestinely of 
 
 dainties, naschen 
 shnubara, to meddle with the prop- 
 erty of others, schnauppern 
 shnufla, to sniffle, schnueffeln 
 shnupa, cold in the head, catanh, 
 
 schnupfen 
 
 shnupa, to snuff, schnupfen 
 shnupduch, pocket handkerchief, 
 
 schnupftuch 
 
 shnupduwok, snuif, schnupf-tabak 
 shnurbort, moustaches, schnurrbart 
 shoda, pods, schoten [blume 
 
 shodabawm, catalpa, trompetea 
 shof, sheep, schaf 
 shofa, to work, arbeiten 
 
 shofbuk, ram, schaf bock 
 shof flash, mutton, hammelfleisch 
 shofich, industrious, arbeitsam 
 
 284 
 
shofkniit'l 
 
 ehof knut'l, black haws, schlehen 
 shofriba, yarrow, schafribben 
 ehol, sound, echo, schall 
 eholk, rogue, was;, schalk 
 Bholkhad, cunning, schalkheit - 
 Bholkyor, leap year, schaltjahr 
 eholoch few'r, scarlet fever, schar- 
 
 Jachfieber 
 
 eholochfris'l, scarlet rash, masern 
 Bhonk, cupboard, schrank 
 shont, disgrace, schande 
 Bhontbawr, shameful, schaendlich 
 ehoo, shoe, schuh 
 ehool, school, schule 
 Bhoolar, pupil, scholar, schueler 
 shoolbos, school superintendent, 
 
 schul-aufseher 
 
 Bhooling, learning, gelehrsamkeit 
 Bhoolkumrawd, schoolmate, schul- 
 
 kamerad 
 
 shoomek, sumach, sumach [macher 
 Bhoomoch'r, shoemaker, schuh- 
 ehoorawma, welt, einfassung 
 shop, work room, werkstaette 
 Bhorf, sharp, keen, scharf 
 BhSrnshta, chimney, schornstein 
 Bhornshtafag'r, chimney sweeper, 
 
 schornsteinfeger 
 shorts, apron, schuerze 
 Bhos, lap, schooss 
 shota, shadow, shade, Bchatten 
 shotich, shady, schattig 
 shots, sweetheart, schatz 
 ehoudara, to shudder, schaudern 
 Bhoudarhof, shoudarich, terrible, 
 
 schauderhaft 
 
 shouf 1, scoop, shovel, schaufel 
 shoufl-ak, cultivator, schaufel 
 
 egge 
 
 shoum, scum, froth, schaum 
 shoumlef 1, skimming ladle, schaum- 
 
 loeffel 
 
 shpat'r, afterwards, later, spaeter 
 shpichta, funny stories, spuchten 
 Bhpitsawedrich, narrow leaved 
 
 plantain, spitzwedrich 
 shpitsorich, keen, verschlagen 
 shraks, aslant, schraeg 
 shref, sheriff, scheriff 
 glireinar, joiner, cabinet maker, 
 
 schreiner, tischler 
 hreiwa, to write, schreiben 
 
 shwag'rn r 
 
 shreiwes, written agreement, go- 
 
 schriebenes, n. schreiben 
 shreklich, awful, schrecklich 
 shrepa, to cup, schroepfen [koepfe 
 shrepkep, cupping glasses, schroepf- 
 shriit, handwriting, Bible, schrift 
 shriltlich, in writing, schriftlich 
 shriftshtel'r, author, schriftsteller 
 shrit, step, to step, schritt, schreiten 
 shritweis, step by step, schrittweise 
 shronklich, unsteady, unsicher 
 shrot, shot, schrot [schrot, schroten 
 shrot, chops, to grind coarsely, 
 shrotmas'l, chisel-hammer, schrot- 
 
 meissel 
 
 shrotsok, shot pouch, schrot beut el 
 shroub, screw, schraube 
 shroubshtuk, vice, schraubstock 
 shrouwazeg'r, screw driver, schrau- 
 
 benzieher 
 
 shruna, chaps, cracks, risse 
 shtaa, to stand, stehen 
 shtaridii, to bear, ertragen 
 shtai-k'r, stronger, staerker 
 slitreng, severe, strict, strenge 
 shtropotsa, hard work, sufferings 
 
 strapazen 
 
 shtuf igliik, uncouth fellow, stoffel 
 shtudsa, to hesitate, stutzen [karre 
 shubkorch, wheelbarrow, schub- 
 shublawd, drawer, schublade 
 shubuds'r, door mat, schuhputzer 
 shuflik'r, cobbler, Schuster 
 shuk'lsthool, rocking chair, schau- 
 
 kelstuhl 
 
 shuld, guilt, crime, cause, schuld 
 shulda, debts, schulden 
 shuldnar, debtor, schuldner 
 shultoks, school tax, schultaxe 
 shult'r, shoulder, schulter 
 shun, already, schon 
 shuna, favor, schonen 
 shunka. gammon, ham, schink^n 
 shup, shed, schuppen [P e D 
 
 shupsheiur, shed-barn, dachscuup- 
 shurema, shoe string^ latchet, shuh- 
 
 riemen 
 
 shus, chute, schuss 
 shus, shot, schuss 
 shusblod'r, stye, schussblatter 
 shusboard, tail board, schussbrett 
 shwag' rn, sister-in-law, schwaegerin 
 
 285 
 
shwr 
 
 ghwar, father-in-law, schwieger- 
 
 vater 
 
 shwawn, swan, schwan 
 ghwar, heavy, weighty, schwer 
 ghwara, to make oath, to curse, 
 
 schwoeren 
 
 ghwara, boil, abscess, geschwuer 
 ghwarg'wicht, gross-weight, schwer- 
 
 gewicht 
 
 [lich 
 
 ghwarlich, hardly, scarcely,schwer- 
 ghwarma, to swarm, schwaermen 
 ghwartli, iris, schwertlilie 
 shwas, sweat, schweiss 
 shwasa, to weld, schweissen 
 ghwasfuks, sorrel horse, fuchs 
 shwaslech'r, pores of the skin, 
 
 schweissloecher 
 
 ghwechlich, weakly, schwaechlich 
 shwei, sister-in-law, schwaegerin 
 ehweir, justice of the peaee, fried- 
 
 ensrichter 
 
 fschwingel 
 
 ghweng'l, swingle, pump-handle, 
 ghwenka, to rinse, spuelen [zeln 
 ghwensla, to wag the tail, schwaen- 
 shwep, swoop, sweep, fegen 
 shweshd'r, sister, schwester 
 shwetsa, to talk, reden, sj.rechen 
 ehwetsar, orator, talker, redner 
 shwetsich, talkative, schwatzhaft 
 ghwew'l, sulphur, brimstone, 
 
 [schwefelbluethe 
 flour of sulphur, 
 
 schwefel 
 
 ghwew'lbled, 
 
 shwey'r'n, shwey'rmud'r, mother- 
 in-law, schwiegermutter 
 
 ghwey'rduchd'r, sons fraw, daugh- 
 ter-in-law, schwiegertochter 
 
 shwey'rfot'r, shwahar, father-in 
 law, schwiegervater 
 
 shwey'rso, duchd'rmon, [son-in-law, 
 schwiegersohn 
 
 shwima, to swim, schwimmen 
 
 shwina, sweeny, schwinden 
 
 shwind'l, swindle, giddiness, 
 
 schwindel 
 
 [schwindler 
 
 shwindlar,, swindler, defrauder. 
 shwitsa, to sweat, to suffer, schwit- 
 
 zen 
 
 shwoch, weak, schwach 
 Bhwochsinich, weak mind<d, 
 
 schwachsinnig 
 
 ghwogar, brother-in-law, sch wager 
 
 *hwolm, swallow, martin, schwalbe|so, son, sobn 
 
 80 
 
 shwom, mushroom, erdschwamm 
 shwom, meadow, wiese 
 shwom, sponge, punk, schwamm 
 shwongar, pregnant, schwanger 
 shwons, tail, schwanz 
 shwonsrem,crupper,schwanzriemen 
 shworda, slabs, schwarten 
 shwort, swart, rind of bacon or 
 
 hams, schwarte 
 
 sh worts, black, schwarz [wurzel 
 shwortsworz'l, comfrey, schwarz- 
 shwowa, cock-roaches, schwaben 
 sib, sieve, sieb 
 sich, ones' self, sich 
 sichar, safe, certain, sicher 
 sicharhad, certainty, sicherheit 
 sich'l, sickle, sichel 
 sicht, sees, sicht 
 sichtbawr, visible, sichtbar 
 sichtbawrlich, perceptibly, augen- 
 
 scheinlich 
 
 sidsum, modest, sittsam 
 sifr, drunkard, saeufer 
 sig'l, seal, siegel 
 
 sig'lwoks, sealing wax, siegellack 
 silw'rglet, litharge, silberglaette 
 siiw'rsond, pewter sand, silbersand 
 simadari, cemetery, begraebnisa- 
 
 platz 
 
 simet, simetrin, cinnamon, zimmet 
 sims, cornice, shelf, gesims 
 sin, are, sind 
 sin, sin, suende 
 sin, pi. sina, the senses, sinne 
 sina, to meditate, sinne, nachsinnen 
 sinbild, emblem, sinnbild 
 sindafol, fall of man, suendenfall 
 sindar, sinner, suender 
 sihdflood, deluge, suendfluth 
 sindhoft, sinful, suendhaft 
 sindicha, to sin, suendigen 
 singa, to sing, to warble, singen 
 sinka, to sink, sinken 
 sits, seat, sitz 
 sitsa, to sit, sitzen 
 siwa, seven, siebeu [schlaefer 
 
 siwashlafr, long sleeper, sieben- 
 siwaza, seventeen, siebenzehn 
 siwazig, seventy, siebenzig 
 snib'l, nimble, flink 
 so, thus, such, as, so 
 
 286 
 
sobSl 
 
 sobol, as soon as, sobald 
 
 soch, thing, sache, ding [sachte 
 
 Bochta, slowly, quietly, langsam, 
 
 sod, growing grain, saat 
 
 sodbrena, heart burn, herzbrennen 
 
 Bodlarch, field lark, lerche 
 
 sod'l, saddle, sattel 
 
 Bodlar, saddler, sattler 
 
 sod Igird, girth, satielgurt 
 
 Bod'lkisa, pillion, pad, sattelkissen 
 
 Bod'lknub, pommel, sattelknopf 
 
 Bods, yeast, leaven, satz 
 
 Bofron, saffron, saffran 
 
 soft, juice, sap, saft 
 
 Bcftich. juicy, saf'tig 
 
 sog, say, sage 
 
 Boguwr, even, as much, sogar 
 
 Bok, bag, pocket, sack, tasche 
 
 Bokdeb, pickpocket, taschendieb 
 
 sokroment, sacrament, sacrament 
 
 sol, sole, sohle 
 
 Bolbad'r, saltpeter, salpeter 
 
 Boldawt, soldier, soldat 
 
 sols, salt, salz 
 
 solsboks, salt cellar, salzfass 
 
 Bolsflus, salt rheum, salzfluss 
 
 solslawk, pickle, brine, salzwasser 
 
 solwei, sage, salbei 
 
 solwen, selvedge, selband 
 
 gomakup, seed pod, samenkopf 
 
 Bumla, to gather, sammeln 
 
 Somsdog, Saturday, Samstag 
 
 Bomt, together with, sammt 
 
 Bond, sand, sand 
 
 s'nt't, mild, soft, gentle, sanft 
 
 Bont'tmedich, gentle, sanftmuethig 
 
 Bonftniood, gentleness, sanftmuth 
 
 Bonsfrnw, daughter-in-law, schwie- 
 
 gertochter 
 Bood. south, sueden 
 soodlich, southern, suedlich 
 Boop'rintend'r. superintendent, su- 
 perintendent 
 
 sorchteltich. careful, sorgfaeltig 
 Borchlos, careless, sorglos 
 Borchsom, careful, sorgsam 
 sort, sort, kind, sorte 
 sortment, assortment, auswahl 
 sorya, cares, troubles, sorge 
 Borya, to take care of, sorgen 
 Borgafrei, free from care, sorgenfrei 
 BOS, sat, sass ' 
 
 Isosafros, sassafras, sassafras 
 sot, fully satisfied, salt 
 sou, hog, pig, sau, schwein 
 soua, to dawb, to smear, versauen 
 souar, sour, sauer [schweinerel 
 souarei, hoggishness, obscenity, 
 souardak, leaven, sauerteig 
 souargrout, sourkrout, sauerkraut 
 souaromb'l, sorrel, sauerampfer 
 soufa, drink (animals,) drink to 
 
 excess, saufen [laga 
 
 soufarei, drunken frolic, saufge- 
 soufgichdara, delirium tremens, 
 
 saeuferwahnsinn [saeufer 
 
 souflod'l, confirmed drunkard, 
 souwar, clean, nice, sauber 
 sucha, to seek, suchen [arbeit 
 
 sud'larwet, puddle work, sudel- 
 sudlich, wet, rainy, nass 
 sudra, to simmer, simmern 
 suka, stocking feet, socko,n 
 sukla, to suck, saugen. saeugen 
 sul, shall, ought to, soil 
 sum, sum, summe 
 sumar, summer, sommer 
 sump, marsh, bog, sumpf 
 sumpich, marshy, boggy, sumpfig 
 sum'rfleka, freckles, sommerspros- 
 
 sen 
 
 sum'rfog'l, butterfly, schmetterling 
 sun, s'un, sonne 
 
 suna, to bask in the sun, siehsonnen 
 sunashdich, sunstroke, sonnenstich 
 sunaufgong, sunrise, sonnenaufgang 
 sunaunargong, sunset, sonnenun- 
 
 tergang 
 
 Sundog, Sunday, Sonntag 
 sund'rbawr, strange, unexpected, 
 
 sonderbar 
 
 sunich, sunny, sonnig 
 sunsht, otherwise, sonst 
 supalef 1, tablespoon, ess-loeffel 
 supashis'l, soup dish, terrin 
 sut, should, sollte, sollten 
 
 ta, tea, thee [buechse 
 
 taboks, tea-chest, caddy, thee- 
 takon, teapot, theekanne 
 tarmin, term, limit, termin 
 tembaren, tambourine, tambourin 
 teshdament, testament, testament 
 
 287 
 
tirtin 
 
 tirSn, tyrant, tyrann 
 toks, tax, steuer, abgabe 
 $okt, bar in music, takt 
 tolSnta, natural gifts, talente 
 trana. tears, thraenen 
 trei, true, faithful, treu 
 treilos, faithless, treulos 
 trena, to separate, to sever, trennen 
 trenka, to water, traenken 
 trenung, separation, trennung 
 triwalera, to plague, plagen 
 trochda, to strive for, trachten 
 trokdera, to abuse cruelly, traktiren 
 tronk, drink, beverage, trank 
 tropa, footmarks, fusstapfen 
 troshd, consolation, trost 
 troshdreich, consoling, trostreich 
 troiia, to have confidence, to marry, 
 
 trauen 
 
 troura, to mourn, trauern 
 truds, defiance, in spite of, trotz 
 trudsa, to be defiant, trotzen 
 trudsich, defiant, headstrong, trotzig 
 trudskup, a defiant headstrong 
 
 person, trotzkopf 
 trurnp'l, jews harp, brummeisen 
 trunkebold, drunkard, trunkenbold 
 tshump, to jump, springen 
 tud, paper bag, duete 
 turm, church steeple, spire, thurm 
 
 U 
 
 ud'r, or, oder 
 uf, on, open, up, auf, offen 
 ufa, stove, oven, ofen 
 ufar, bank, shore, ufer 
 ufa, ror, stove pipe, ofenrohr 
 uf bina, to rake and bind, auf binden 
 ufbrecha, to adjourn, aufbrechen 
 ufbudsii, to dress up, aufputzen 
 uf bluka, to build a log house, auf- 
 blocken [aufpassen 
 
 uf bosa, to watch, to pay attention, 
 uf borks, on credit, auf borg 
 ufdrikla, to dry up, auftrocknen 
 uffedra, to improve by good feed- 
 ing, auffuettern 
 
 ufgaa, to rise, to sprout, aufgehen 
 uf'sazawmt, bridled, gezaeumt 
 ufgewa, to deliver up. auf ge ben 
 ufgonga, riven, aufgegangen 
 ufg'showa, procrastinated, put off, 
 
 umgchtich 
 
 aufgeschoben [standeifc 
 
 ufg'shtona, risen from bed, aufge-s 
 uf hara, to cease, to stop, aufhoeren 
 uf hawa, to lift up, to keep for fu- 
 ture use, auf heben [hinterriemen 
 ufhebrema, ufholtrein, backstrap, 
 nfhela, to clear up, aufhellen 
 uf hold a, to hinder, auf halten 
 uf koksa, fo persuade, ueberreden 
 uf kors, certainly, gewiss 
 uf kuma, to prosper, auf komrrien 
 uflawda, to load, aufladen 
 uf'n, on a, auf einen 
 ufnama, to entertain, aufneiitnen 
 uf nbawr, manifest, offenbar 
 ufnbawring, Ptevelation, offen- 
 
 baruug [auflesen 
 
 ufpika, to gather at hap-hazard, 
 ufrichtig, upright, aufrichtig 
 ufroma, to cleanse, aufraeumen 
 ufror, riot, uproar, aufruhr 
 ufsawga, to rec-ite, aufsagen 
 ufshdela, to put up, aufstelleri 
 ufshewa, to postpone, aufschieben 
 ufshloga, to raise, aufschlagen 
 ufshbela, to wash dishes, auf- 
 
 spulen 
 
 ufshtosa, to belch, aufstossen 
 lift, often, frequently, oft 
 ufzara, to consume, aufzehren 
 ufzega, to bring up, to educate, to 
 
 wind up, aufziehen. erziehen 
 ufzukuma, to raise, aufzukommen 
 uks, ox, ochs 
 
 uksich, brutal, senseless, ochsig 
 um, for the purpose, about, um 
 um or un, as a prefix means not 
 uinbawachlich, immovable, unbe- 
 
 weglich [dacht 
 
 umb'denkt, inadvertently, unbe- 
 umbenich, untamable, unbaendig 
 umb'hilflich, helpless, awkward, 
 
 unbehuelfiich 
 
 umb'kard, unconverted, unbekehrt 
 umb'kimr'd, careless, unbekuem- 
 
 mert 
 
 umb'kont, unknown, unbekannt 
 umbormhardsich, unmerciful, u- 
 
 barmherzig 
 
 umbrel, umbrella, regenschirm 
 umbringa, to kill, umbringen 
 unaechtich, faint, ohnmaecktig 
 
 288 
 
umb'shdimd 
 
 umb'shdimd, uncertain, dubious' 
 
 unbestimmt 
 
 umeglich, impossible, ummoeglich 
 uinfong, circumference, umfang 
 umgakard, inverted, umgekehrt 
 uingras, surrounding circle, um- 
 
 kreia 
 
 urnhDng, curtain, gardine, vorhang 
 umhoka, to cut down, umhauen 
 urnkare, to invert, umkehren 
 urakuma, to perish, umkommen 
 umonerlich, unmannerly, unma- 
 
 nierlich 
 
 uruneda, to rivet, uinnieten 
 urnringa, to surround, umringen 
 uuisana, to look round, umsehen 
 unishtena, circumstances, um- 
 
 staende 
 
 umshtilpa, to invert, umstuelpen 
 umgagend, surrounding country, 
 
 umgegend 
 
 uingenglich, social, umgaenglich 
 unigong, acquaintance, umgang 
 un, and, not, (as a prefix,) und 
 una, without, below, ohne, unten 
 unadrin, in the lower part, unten- 
 
 drinnen 
 
 unnawma, nickname, spottname 
 unanich, disagreeing, uneinig 
 uuans, at variance, uneins 
 unar, below, beneath, unter 
 unardrika, to oppress, unter- 
 
 druecken 
 
 unarhsus, drawers, unterhosen 
 unarlich, dishonest, unehrlich 
 unaruk, petticoat, unterrock 
 unarshd, lowest, unterst 
 unarshid, differences unterschied 
 uniirshlechtich, undershot, unter- 
 
 schlaechtig 
 
 unlrshreiwa,to sign, unterschreiben 
 unarshrift, signature, unterschrift 
 unarsucha, to investigate, to ex- 
 amine, untersuchen 
 unarword, unexpected, unerwartet 
 unendlich, infinite, unendlich 
 unfdrusa, with alacrity, diligent, 
 unverdrosseu [unfreundlich 
 
 urifreindlich, unfriendly, unkind 
 unf rgleichlich, incomparable, un- 
 vergleichlich ~" [schaemt 
 
 uuf'rshamt, impudent, unver 
 
 wa 
 
 unfrshruka, undismayed, uner- 
 schrocken [dig 
 
 unf rshtenich, unwise, unverstaen- 
 unfrshtond. want of sense, unver- 
 
 stand 
 
 unfrzawgt, courageous, unverzagt 
 ung;afar, about, ungefaehr 
 angaheiar, huge, ungeheuer 
 ungahorsom, disobedient, unge- 
 horsam [ichickt 
 
 ungashikt, clumsy, awkard, unge- 
 ungazif r, vermin, ungeziefer 
 ungazuga, illbred. ungezogen 
 ungebarsht,unbrushed,ungebuerstet 
 ungleich, unlike, ungleich 
 inglik, misfortune, unglueck 
 ungrawd, uneven, ungerade 
 ungrout, weeds, unkraut 
 ung'sheit, unwise, ungescheit 
 anhamlich, a sensation of impend- 
 ing evil, unheimlich 
 mkushta, costs, unkosten 
 anleitich, uncomfortable, unleidlich 
 unmasich, intempeiate, unmaessig 
 unmenshlich, cruel, unmeuschlich 
 unnids, good for nothing, unnuetz 
 unochtsom, careless, unachtsam 
 unordich, unmannerly, unartig 
 unrecht, wrong, unrecht 
 unrichtich, false, unrichtig 
 unrod, rubbish, dirt, unrath 
 unroo, inquietude, escapement, (of 
 
 a watch,) unruhe 
 unrooich, restless, unruhig 
 uns, us, to us, uns 
 unsilr, unsarii, our, ours, unser 
 unshiklich, improper, unschicklich 
 unshuld, innocence, unschuldig 
 unsichbawr, invisible, unsichtbar 
 unwed' r, stormy weather, unwetter 
 unwisent, ignorant, unwissend 
 unwol, not in good health, unwohl 
 umvorhad, untruth, unwahrheit 
 unzufreda, dissatisfied, unzu- 
 
 frieden -f 
 
 urhaw'r, originator, urheber 
 ursprincrlich, original, from the be-i 
 
 ginning, urspruenglich 
 urteil, judgment, sentence, urtheil 
 
 w 
 
 wa, sore, painful, weh 
 
 ISa 
 
 289 
 
, withered, welk 
 welsa, to roll, to wallow, waelzen 
 welshhink'l, turkey, trute, henne 
 welshhona, gobbler, truthahn 
 welshkorn, corn, welschkorn, mais 
 welt, world, welt 
 wem, to whom, wem 
 vena, to turn, wenden 
 wenbret, mould board, wendbrett 
 wenich, little, wenig 
 wenring, cant hook, wendehaken 
 werd, becomes, will, wird 
 wes, meadow, wiese 
 wesbawm, wiesebaum 
 wesh, washed clothes, waesche 
 weshb, wasp^ wespe [waeschstuhl 
 weshbluk, weshbuk, bucking stool, 
 weshd, ugly, bad, haesslich, wuest 
 weshd, west, westen [korb 
 
 weshkorb, clothes basket, waesch- 
 weshrn, laundress, waeschern 
 wesp, wasp, wespe 
 wesra, to water, waessern [wetten 
 wet, weta, would, to bet, wollte, 
 wew'r, weaver, weber 
 wew'rzet'l, warp, weberzettel 
 wega, to weigh, wiegen 
 wib, whip, a twig, ruthe, zweig 
 wib'rwil, whip-poor-will, nachtha- 
 
 bicht 
 
 wichdih, important, wichtig 
 widfraw, widow, wittwe 
 widmon, widower, wittwer 
 wid'r, again, against, wieder, wider 
 widra, to refuse, weigern [gebnrt 
 wid'rgaburt, regeneration, wieder- 
 wid'rhola, to repeat, wiederholen 
 wid'rkum, loose strife, pflanze 
 wid'rlich, nauseating, disgusting, 
 
 widerlich 
 
 wid'r rufa, to revoke, widerrufen 
 wid'r shprecha, to contradict, wi- 
 
 dersprechen 
 
 wid'rshtaa, to resist, widerstehen 
 wid'rwardiuhkad, misfortune, wi- 
 
 derwaertigkeit 
 wik, whig, republican, whig 
 wik'l, a half fool, a lap, wicht 
 wikla, to wind, wickeln 
 wil, will, wish, wollen 
 wila, will, willeO 
 wilbret, venison, wildbret 
 
 wftksii 
 
 wild, wild, savage, wild 
 wildfeiar, erysipelas, wildfeuer 
 wildflash, proud flesh, wild fleisch 
 wildkarsha, wild cherries, \rild- 
 
 kirschen 
 wildiladishlib'r, touch-me-not, 
 
 wermuth [balsam 
 
 wild'r bolsom, spearmint, wilder 
 wild'rnis, wilderness, wildnisa 
 wilich, willing, willig 
 wilkum, welcome, willkommen 
 win, screw-jack, winde 
 wina, bind weed, winden [chen 
 windg'brucha, heaves, windgebro- 
 wind'l, diaper, windel [muehle 
 windmel, winnowing mill, wind- 
 windshtil, calm, windstill 
 windshtos, gust, windstoss [wind 
 windwarb'l, whirlwind, wirbel- 
 winish, out of shape, windschief 
 winka, to wink, winken 
 wink'l, square, winkel 
 wink'l, corner, winkel 
 wink'lbora, brace, winkelbohrer 
 wink'leisa, square rule, winkeleisen 
 winish, crooked, windschief 
 winsha, to wish, wuenschen 
 winsla, to whine, winseln 
 wisa, to know, wissen 
 wish, wisp, wiper, wisch 
 wis'l, weasel, wiesel 
 wis'nshoft, knowledge, wissenschaft 
 wis'ntlich, knowingly, wissentlich 
 witsich, witty, witzig 
 wo, woo, where, who, wo, wer 
 woch, watch, wache 
 wochhular, juniper, wachholder 
 woga, to dare, wagen 
 woga, wagon, wagen 
 wogaglas, wheel ruts, wagengeleise 
 wogaraf, tire, wagenreif [schuppen 
 wogashup, wagon-house, wagen- 
 wognar, wheel wright, stellmacher, 
 
 wagner 
 
 wohe, whereto, wohin 
 woi, hawk, habicht 
 wok, balance, wage 
 wok, whitfletree, wage 
 woka, quartz, wacken 
 wokar, awake, alert, wacker 
 woks, wax, wachs 
 woksa, to grow, wachsen 
 
 290 
 
wabshtool 
 
 wabshtool, loom, webstuhl 
 wad, pasture, weide 
 wawda, calf of the leg, wade 
 wawda, to wade, waten 
 iradsa, wheat, weizen 
 wag, wak, way, road, weg 
 wagdrad'r, a plant, wegtreter 
 wa-gedu, hurt, weh-gethan [ter 
 wagmashd'r, supervisor, wegmeis- 
 wwl, election, choice, wahl 
 wala, to elect, to choose, waehlen 
 war, who, wer 
 war, were, war 
 
 wawr, ware, goods, waare [waren 
 wawr, wawra, was, were, war, 
 "wara, to restrain, wehren 
 wara, to confuse, verwirren 
 wara, become, will be, werden 
 ward, ward'n, landlord, landlady, 
 
 wirth, wirthin 
 
 ^wardshous, tavern, wirth shaus 
 warfla, throw dice, dice, wuerfeln 
 wawrhoftich, certain, wahrhaftig 
 wark, tow, flrerg 
 
 warkgow'l, distaff, rocken 
 
 wark'lhuls, rolling pin, kuchenrolle 
 
 warklich, in reality, wirklich 
 
 warkmes'r, butteris, wirkmesser 
 
 warm, worms, wuermer 
 
 wawrm, warm, warm 
 
 wanna, to heat, waermen 
 
 warmut, wormwood, wermuth 
 
 warshttecht'r, sausage - stuffer, 
 wurst-trichter [scheinlich 
 
 wawrsheinlich, probable, wahr- 
 
 wart, value, worth, werth 
 
 wawrta, to wait, to stay, warten 
 
 warwel, to whirl, wirbeln 
 
 warwel, middle of the skull, wirbe 
 
 wary a, to choke, wuergen 
 
 warz'lch'r, small roots, wuerzelchen 
 
 was, knows, weiss 
 
 wasa, being, wesen [vater 
 
 wasafot'r, prothonotary, waisen 
 
 wawa, to weave, weben 
 
 we, how, like, wie 
 
 weoha, wick, docht 
 
 wedicht, mad, wuethend 
 
 wed'l, tail, whisk, wedel [tei 
 
 iwed'r, against, weather, gegen, wet 
 
 wed'r, ram, widder 
 
 wed'rglos, barometer, wetterglas 
 
 ed'rlacha, lightning, blitz 
 wed'rleg'r, opponent, widerpart 
 
 ed'rroot, lightning-rod, blitzaln 
 
 leiter 
 
 edsa, to whet, wetzen [stahl 
 
 wedshtawl, butchers' steel, wetx- 
 weg, wek, away, weg 
 wegrich, plaintam, wegerich 
 wei, wine, wein 
 
 weibcha, female of birds, weibchen 
 weibcha, a small woman, weibchen 
 weibsbild, weibsmensh, woman, 
 
 frauenzimmer.weibsperson [hemd 
 weibshem, shift, chemise, frauen- 
 weibsleit, women, frauen, weiber 
 weicha, t.o retreat, weichen 
 weida, willow, weide 
 weigorda, vineyard, weingarten 
 weil, because, while, weil 
 weina, to weep, weinen 
 weinochta, Christmas, weihnachten 
 weis, white, weiss 
 weisa, to show, zeigen 
 weis, tune, singweise [senhaua 
 weisahous, orphans' house, wai- 
 weisakind, orphan, waise 
 weisdorn, haw-thorn, weisdorn 
 weisheit, wisdom, weisheit 
 weisht'a, cream of tartar, weinstein 
 weisla, to white wash, weisseln 
 weis'rgla, shamrock, weisser klee 
 weissawgung, prophecy, weissa- 
 
 gung 
 
 weiswolnis, butternuts, wallnuesse 
 weit, wide, far, weit 
 wek, cradle, wiege (rusk) 
 
 wek, away, rusk, weg, wecken, 
 weka, to wake, wecken 
 wekluka, to decoy, weglocken 
 wekoor, alarm clock, wecker-uhr 
 wekshofa, to remove, wegschatfen 
 weks'l, change, wechsel 
 weks'lfew'r, intermittent fever, 
 
 wechselfieber 
 wel, which, welcher 
 wela, will, wollen 
 wela, waves, wellen 
 wela, to root, (pigs) wuehlen 
 welbawm, axle of a wheel, well- 
 baum [jelaengerjelieber 
 
 weleng'r welew'r, ground pine, 
 welashlog, breakers, wellenschlag 
 
 291 
 
w<3ksich 
 
 woksich, thrifty, gewaechsig 
 woksknep, swollen glands, ge- 
 
 schwollene druesen 
 wol, well, healthy, wohl [fallen 
 wolg'fola, pleased with, wohlge- 
 wolnis, walnuts, walnuesse 
 wols, roller, wal^e 
 Wolsa. to roll, walzen 
 ffombar, maw, stomach, wampen 
 womes, round jacket, wamms 
 won, when, if, wenn, wann 
 wona, to dwell, wohnen 
 wond, wall, wand [bekleidung 
 
 wondbakladung, wainscot, wand- 
 wond'l, conduct, wandel 
 wondla, to walk, wandeln 
 wongalopa, coomb, wanglappen 
 woning, dwelling place, wohnung 
 ffonk'lmedich, fickle, wankel- 
 
 muethig 
 
 wonsa, bedbugs, wanzen 
 wor, true, wahr 
 wor, was, war 
 Wora, have been, geworden 
 Word, word, wort 
 words, wart, nipple, warze 
 woret, truth, wahrheit [sager 
 
 woretsawg'r, fortune teller, wahr- 
 worf, wharf, werfte 
 worksil, to vomit, brechen 
 work-hous, penitentiary, zuchthaus 
 wormi, to warn, warnen 
 worshd, sausage, wurst 
 worum, why, warum 
 worz'l, root, wurzel 
 wos, what, was 
 
 wos'rblos, bubble, wsHSserblase 
 wus'rfol, cataract, water-fall, was- 
 
 ser fall [graben 
 
 wos'rgrawa, water ditch, wasser- 
 wos'rich, watery, waessrig 
 wos'rmelon, watermelon, wasser- 
 
 inelone [suechtig 
 
 wos'rsichtich, dropsical, wasser- 
 wos'rsucht, dropsy, wassersucht 
 wonts, hobgoblin, gespenst 
 wu, where, wo 
 wucli, week, woche 
 wul, wool, wolle 
 wulu, to intend, to wish, wollen 
 wulf, wolf, wolf 
 wulfel, cheap, wohlfeil 
 
 yushdmgnt 
 
 wulfich, greedy, wolfich 
 wulgamud, mountain sage, 
 wul grout, mullein, wollkraut 
 wulka, clouds, wolken 
 wulshdramich, brindled, gesiretft 
 wult, wished, wollt 
 wunara, to wonder, wundern 
 wunarbawr, wonderful, wunderbjir 
 wunarfidsich, inquisitive, neugierig 
 wunarnaws, an inquisitive person, 
 
 wundernase, naseweis 
 wunarselda, rarely, wunderseltea 
 wund, wound, wunde 
 wund, sore, chafed, wund 
 wundgrout, golden rod, wuudkraut 
 wunsh, wish, wunsch 
 wuslich, lively, lebhaft 
 wut, would, wollte 
 wuts, pig, schwein 
 wutsli, shoat, ferkel 
 
 yaw, yes, ja 
 
 yadar, every one, jeder 
 
 yamara, to moan, jammern 
 
 yagar, hunter, jaeger 
 
 yawga, to hunt, jagen 
 
 yemarlich, pitiful, jaemmerlich 
 
 Yenar, January, Januar 
 
 yingling, youth, juengling 
 
 yingshd, youngest, juengste 
 
 yocht, noise, laerm 
 
 Yohonsgrout, St. John's wort, Jo- 
 
 hanniskraut 
 yola, to yell, schreien 
 yornara, to feel pity, jammern 
 yor, year, jahr [klaeffea 
 
 youdsa, to bark, shout, beilen, 
 yuch, yoke, joch 
 
 Yud, Jew, Jude [denkirschea 
 
 Yudakarsha, ground cherries, Jtt- 
 yuka, to jerk, jucken 
 Yukli, Jacob, Jockel 
 Y T uli, July, Juii 
 yung, young, Jung 
 yungfraw, virgin, jungfrau 
 yung hink'l, pullet, junger haha 
 yung'r hand, pup dog, huendleia 
 Yuni, June, Juni 
 yushd, just, only, gerade 
 yushdarneat, exactly so, gerade w 
 
yushdis 
 
 yashdis, justice of the peace, frie- 
 densrichter 
 
 sa, ten, tough, teeth, zehn, zaehe, 
 
 xaehne [ger 
 
 neha, sign, hands of a clock, zei- 
 Mdar, cedar, ceder 
 ndadal, tenth, zehntheil 
 ndukd'r, dentist, zahnarzt 
 wgibuda, the ten Commandments, 
 
 ichn gebote [zaehneknirschen 
 arsha, gnashing of teeth, 
 twl, number, zahl 
 to count, zaehlen 
 , tame, bridle, zahm, zaum 
 z**wn, pi. z'a, tooth, zahn 
 zira, to tease, neck en 
 nra, to consume, zehren 
 nrarrd, tender, zart 
 argeld, spending money, zehrgeld 
 ark'l, circle, dividers, zirkel 
 ebcha, epiglottis, zaepfchen 
 ech, tick, zieche 
 xeeh, score, reckoning, zeche 
 ed'l, warp, ticket, zettel 
 xega, zeya, to draw, to move, ziehen 
 eiehnis, testimony, zeugniss 
 ceil, time, zeit 
 
 eft bed a, to salute, gruessen 
 eitfartreib, pastime, zeitvertreib 
 eitich, ripe, reif 
 steiting, newspaper, zeitung 
 eitlich, early, zeitig 
 eiga, witness, zeuge 
 ek, tick, zecke 
 1, goal, aim, ziel 
 elt, tent, zelt 
 
 aetnlich, pretty, tolerable, ziemlich 
 xera, to adorn, zieren 
 Bcrawd, ornament, zierrath 
 egein'r, gipsy, zigeuner 
 aehdicha, to chastise, zuechtigen 
 Bfar, figure, cipher, ziffer 
 ng'l, bridle, tile, zuegel, ziegel 
 samara, to construct of wood, zim- 
 
 mern 
 
 rimarmon, carpenter, zimmerman 
 nmbarlich, delicate, weak, zimper- 
 
 lich 
 
 nemlich, nearly, quite, ziemlich 
 m, pewter, zinn 
 
 ZUg'rig*ld 
 
 zinda, to produce fire, zuenden 
 
 zindluch, touch-hole, zuendloch 
 
 zindpon, touch-hole, zuendpfanne 
 
 zindpulfr, priming, zuendpulver 
 
 zinga, wag the tongue, zuengeln 
 
 zinka, prong, zinke 
 
 zitar, guitar, guitarre, zither 
 
 zit'ra, to tremble, zittern 
 
 zitarli, souse, suelze 
 
 zoflash, gums, zahnfleisch 
 
 zoka, prong, branch, zacken [lade 
 
 zolawd, socket of the teeth, kina- 
 
 zolawd, salad, salat 
 
 zoma, together, zusammen 
 
 zomasomla, to collect, sammeln 
 
 zong, tongs, pincers, zange 
 
 zonka, to scold, to quarrel, zanken 
 
 zoo, zu, to, at, closed, zu 
 
 zopa, pin, peg, zapfen 
 
 zopling, sapling, junger baum 
 
 zorn, anger, wrath, zorn 
 
 zounkanich, zounshlib'r, wren, 
 
 zaunkoenig 
 
 zawwa, tooth-ache, zahnweh 
 z'rik, back, zurueck 
 zu, to, at, closed, zu 
 zuarshd, first, zuerst 
 zub, pull, zupfen 
 zublein, jirkline, leine 
 zubringa, to pass time, zubringen 
 zubzig'l, check reins, zuegel 
 zucht, noise, zucht 
 zuchthous, penitentiary, zuchthaua 
 zudem, besides this, zudein 
 zud'l, rag, zottel 
 zudlich, ragged, zottig 
 zudroua, confidence, zutrauen 
 zufardroua, reliance, confidence, 
 
 zuvertrauen 
 
 zufelich, accidentally, zufaellig 
 zuflncbt, refuge, zuflucht 
 zufol, accident, zufall 
 zufor, formerly, zuvor 
 zufreda, content, zufrieden 
 zugaa, happen, zugehen 
 zugahar, appurtenances, zubehoer 
 zugablosa, drifted shut, zugeweht 
 zugenglich, approachable, zugaeng- 
 
 lich 
 
 zugewa, to admit, zugeben 
 zugong, admission, zugang 
 zug'rig'ld, locked, zugeriegelt 
 
 293 
 
zug'rishd 
 
 zug'rishd, prepared, zubereitet 
 zug'shprucha, encouraged, zuge- 
 
 sprochen 
 
 zuhara, zuhorcha, to hear, zuhoeren 
 zuk, a moving, zug 
 zuka, to jerk, zucken [zugpflaster 
 zukpivsiid'r, drawing plaster, 
 zuk'r, sugar, zucker [suessmaul 
 zuk'rmoul, loving sweetmeats 
 euk'rshtengli, candy stick, zucker- 
 
 stengel 
 
 zuk'rsoch, candies, zuckersachen 
 zukuma, to appertain to, zukommen 
 zul, inch, zoll 
 zuleshd, last, zuletzt 
 culshdawb, foot, rule, zollstab 
 zu'm, to the, zum 
 zumocha, to close, zumachen 
 zumuda, to expect, zumuthen 
 zunawma, surname, zuname 
 zunema, to increase, zunehmen 
 zung, tongue, zunge 
 zurichda, to prepare, zuruesten 
 zusana, to look on, zusehen 
 zusedsa, to add, zusetzen [sprechen 
 zushbrecha. to encourage, zu- 
 zushloghoui'r, sledge hammer, zu- 
 
 schlaghammer 
 tushtond, state, condition, zustand 
 
 zwung 
 
 zusods, addition, zusatz [zustectoi 
 zushteka, to give clandestinely, 
 zutrit, admission, zutritt 
 zuw'r, tub, zuber 
 
 zwa, two, zwei [schiedener meinang 
 zwakepich, of different mind, ver- 
 zwarch, dwarf, zwerg 
 zwarchoks, twibil, zwerchaxt 
 zwarna, twist, to pur, zwirnen 
 zwawucha, fortnight, vierzehn. tagp 
 zweda, second, zweite 
 zweifl, doubt, zweifel 
 zweif Ihoft, doubtful, zweifelhaft 
 zweig, limb, twig, zweig 
 zweiga, to graft, zweigen 
 zwek, aim, design, zweck, 
 zwekmasich, proper, zweckmaes^ 
 zwelfa, twelve, zwoelf [zwingoi 
 zwenga, to force, zwaengaa. 
 zwidsara, to glitter, glittern 
 zwik'l, fool, clown, zwickel 
 zwilich, twilled, zwillich 
 zwiling, twins, zwillinge 
 zwishadrin, between, zwischendrm 
 zwiw'l, onion, zwiebe^ 
 zwong, force, zwang 
 zwonsich, twenty, zwanzig 
 zwung, force, zwang 
 
 294 
 
295 
 
PART FOURTH. 
 
 EngHsh-Penna. German Vocabulary. 
 
 Giving the English Words Having Pennsyl- 
 vania German Equivalents. 
 
 NOTE. This is an entirely new feature, which 
 our first edition did not contain. It affords a 
 ready reference to the Pennsylvania German 
 word, and gives anyone not familiar with it, an 
 idea of the Dialect. 
 
 acre 
 
 A 
 
 abound, iw'rflus hawa 
 
 abundant, iw'rflisich, 
 
 a, b, c, aw, ba, za 
 
 about, ungafar, herum 
 
 reichlich 
 
 aback, z'rik 
 
 above, iwar 
 
 abuse, shimpa, 
 
 abandon, ufgewa, 
 
 abrasion, obshawwa 
 
 misbroucha 
 
 frliisa 
 
 obreiwa 
 
 abut, awshtosa 
 
 abase, nun'rg'moeht 
 
 abreast, nawa nonar 
 
 abyss, rocha 
 
 abate, nochlusa 
 
 abraded, obg'shuna 
 
 academy, hocha shool 
 
 abbreviate, f rkarza 
 
 abroad, drous, fort 
 
 ace, ace, sou 
 
 abdicate, ufgewa 
 
 abscess, g'shwulsht 
 
 ache, shm^rdsa 
 
 abdomen, un'rleib 
 
 abscond, ousreisa 
 
 achieve, ousfera 
 
 abduction, wegshdala 
 
 obshtala 
 
 achievement, ousferung 
 
 abhor, hosa, obsheia 
 
 absent, fort, weg 
 
 acid, souar 
 
 abhorrence, obshei 
 
 absolute, obseloot 
 
 acknowledge, b'kena, 
 
 abide, wona 
 
 absolution, losshprech- 
 
 g'shtaha, beichta 
 
 ability, farmaga, 
 
 ung, freishprechung 
 
 acknowledgment, 
 
 faichkad 
 
 absolve, freishprecha, 
 
 b' kendnis 
 
 able, faich 
 
 freilusa, losshprecha 
 
 acme, gipl, shbitsa 
 
 abode, wonplots, 
 
 absorb, eizega 
 
 acorn, aeh'l 
 
 woning 
 
 abstain, d'funbleiba, 
 
 acquaint, b'kondmocha 
 
 abolish, wegdoa 
 
 obshdaa 
 
 acquaintance, b'kond- 
 
 abolitionist, abolish' n 
 
 abstract, obzega, obzug 
 
 shofi 
 
 abominable , heslich , 
 
 absurd, unfrshtenich 
 
 acquainted, b'kond 
 
 obsheilich 
 
 absurdity, unfrshtond 
 
 acquire, arlonga, griga 
 
 aboriginal, urspringlich 
 
 abundance, iw'rflus 
 
 acre, ok'r 
 
 296 
 
acquit 
 
 acquit, freigewa, 
 
 freilusa 
 
 acrid, shorf, beisich 
 acrimonious, shorf 
 
 across, driwa, niw'r 
 act, dawd, doo, akta, 
 action, (of horse) gong 
 active, shofich, mund'r 
 actor, akt'r 
 
 actually, warklich 
 
 acute, short' 
 
 accede, zugewa 
 
 accept, awnama 
 
 acceptable, awganam 
 accepted, awg'numa 
 access, zugong 
 
 accessible, zugenglich 
 accident, zufol, unglik 
 accidental, ungliklich, 
 zufelich 
 
 acclamation, lout'rbeifol 
 accommodate, komad a ta 
 accommodation , 
 
 komad ash un 
 accompany, mitga 
 
 accomplish, ousfera 
 accord, eishdima 
 
 according, so, we, 
 
 noehdem 
 
 accost, awruofa 
 
 account, rechiing, 
 
 reclining 
 accountable, 
 
 front wortlich 
 
 accurate, pinktlich, 
 
 ganou 
 
 accursed, frtiucl.t 
 
 accuse, forg'shmisa 
 
 awklavvg.i 
 
 accustom, g'waria, 
 
 awg wana 
 
 accustomed, g'want 
 adage, shbrichwor<i 
 adapt, awbosa 
 
 adaptation, 
 
 awwendung 
 adept, galarnd,arfawra 
 adequate, gleich, 
 
 ( % helenglicii 
 
 adhere, awheuka, 
 
 adherer, awhengar 
 
 adhesive, awklaw'nd 
 
 adieu, lab wol, farawel 
 adjacent, wed'r, nagshd 
 adjectiye, beiword 
 
 adjoin, awshtosa 
 
 adjourn, f'rdawga, 
 
 adjure, b'shwara, 
 
 shwara 
 
 adjust, recht mocha 
 
 administer, beibringa, 
 
 gewa, f rsana 
 
 administrator, f rwolter 
 
 omtsfarwasar 
 
 admirable, wunarbawr, 
 
 wunarswart 
 
 admire, wunara, 
 
 frwunara 
 
 admission, zulusuiig, 
 ufnemung, zugong, 
 admit, neilusa, zulusa, 
 g'shtaha, zugewa 
 admittance, eigong 
 
 admix, beitnil< v 
 
 admonish, wC na 
 
 ado, lui... 
 
 adopt, awnama 
 
 adorable, 
 
 awbatungswartich 
 
 adore, awbata, f'rara 
 
 adorn, shmika, zera, 
 
 ousshmika 
 
 adult, g'wuksa, 
 
 ousg'woksa 
 
 adulterate, fartelsha, 
 duktara 
 
 advance, fornilnous. 
 
 nach'rkuma 
 
 advantage, iw'rlegahad 
 
 fort' I, g'wui 
 
 adverb, nawaword 
 
 adversary, gagn'r,feind 
 
 advertise, b'koudmocha 
 
 advertisement, 
 
 b' kondmckihunfr 
 advice, rod 
 
 advisable, rodsom 
 
 advise, rodgewa, roda 
 adviser, rodgew'r 
 
 adze, dek'sl 
 
 add, ufzala, zusedsa 
 addition, z'somazala, 
 zusods 
 additional, zug'sedst. 
 
 aim 
 
 addict, g' wana, 
 
 awg' wana 
 
 addle, f rwara, wara 
 
 address, awrada 
 
 aeronaut, bo loon' r, 
 
 luftshifar 
 
 afar, weit ob 
 
 afoot, zu fus 
 
 afore, zu for, forna 
 afraid, bong 
 
 after, d'noch, noch, 
 d'no, d'rno 
 
 afterbirth, nochgaburt 
 
 aftermath, aw met 
 
 afternoon, nochmidog 
 
 afterwards, nochmols, 
 
 'no, nochd'rhuiid, 
 
 nochdem, nochhar 
 
 aiFair, gash eft 
 
 affect, eidrukm^ciia, 
 
 b' waga 
 
 affectionate, hanslicb, 
 lebiich 
 
 affirm, b'jawa 
 
 afflict, hadrefa, ploka, 
 
 peiuicha, b'hoft 
 
 afflicted, b'drufa b'h5;t 
 
 drourich 
 
 affliction, leida, pein, 
 
 plok, bed ret ung 
 
 afford, gewa 
 
 affray, g'shicht 
 
 again, wid'r, nochainol 
 
 against, Uajraga, 
 
 dawed'r 
 
 age, eid, older 
 
 agile, tiirik 
 
 agitate, b'waga, uJH-ri 
 a^ro, zeitlong, torhur 
 agreed, anich 
 
 agree, b'kuma, ( t-od) 
 okadera, risluiima 
 agreeable, awguiiam, 
 I leidiich, pleserlicu 
 
 agriculture, feidl>ou, 
 bourashtoiid 
 agrimony, od'rniencha 
 ague, kolt-tew'r 
 
 ahead, for warts, torn a, 
 f -i nldraw 
 
 aid, he. fa, hilf 
 
 aim, zel, zeiii 
 
 297 
 
r ail 
 
 ail, fela, shleeht-fela, 
 krenkla 
 
 air, luft 
 
 airy, lifdich 
 
 aisle, gong 
 
 alacrity , mund' rkad 
 alarm, larm 
 
 alarm-clock, wekoor 
 albumen, weis fum oi 
 alcohol, weigeisht 
 
 alder-brush, alaheka 
 alderman, yushdis 
 
 skweir, fredensrichd' r 
 ale, al 
 
 alert, wokar 
 
 alibi, alibi 
 
 alien, ouslen'r 
 
 alight, nunarkuma, 
 obshdeiga 
 
 alight, (of birds) huka 
 alike, gleich 
 
 alive, lawendich, lawig 
 almanac, kolen'r 
 
 almond, mond'lkarn 
 almost, sher, shergawr, 
 ( ^ beinaw 
 almighty, olmechtig 
 alms, olmosa 
 
 aloe, olowa 
 
 alone, ala, olanich, 
 lanich 
 
 along, mit, dabei 
 
 aloud, lout 
 
 alphabet, aw-ba-za 
 
 already, shun 
 
 also, aw, dazoo 
 
 altar, oldawr 
 
 alter, enara, farenara 
 alternate, obweksla 
 although, ubshon 
 
 alum, olou 
 
 always, im'r, olfort, 
 ols, olamol 
 
 all, ol, gons, yadar 
 allege, b'houpta 
 
 alleviate, 
 
 leicht'r mocha 
 alliance, bindnis 
 
 allow, ^ leida, arlawa 
 allowance, arlawbnis 
 All Saint's Day, 
 
 olarheil unolar sal 
 
 approach 
 
 allure, awluka 
 
 am, bin 
 
 amalgamate, frmiksa 
 
 }, ufhawa 
 
 amaze, arshtouna 
 
 amberbeads, fluskorela 
 ambition, argeits 
 
 ambitious, argeitsich 
 amen, awmen 
 
 amenable, (to law) 
 
 ontwortlieh 
 
 amend, bes'ra, f rbes'ra 
 amiable, awganam 
 
 amicable, freindlich, 
 fredlich 
 
 amidst, mitta-unar,unar 
 amiss, f rkart, falarhoft 
 among, dabei, druna, 
 unar 
 
 amorous, frlebt 
 
 amount, sum, baricht 
 ample, ganunk 
 
 amputate, obshneida, 
 obnema 
 amuse, fargnega, un'r- 
 
 holta, plesertreiba 
 ammonia, 
 
 harshhorngeisht 
 an, a, 'n 
 
 ancestors, foreltera, 
 forgenger 
 
 anchor, onkar 
 
 ancient, old 
 
 and, un 
 
 anecdote, shdory 
 
 anew, fun nei'm 
 
 angel, engel 
 
 anger, zorn, folshad 
 angry, bas, farzarnd, 
 folsh 
 
 angle, wink'l 
 
 angling, fisha 
 
 anguish, ongsht 
 
 animal, der, gadera 
 ankle, knekal 
 
 anoint, solva 
 
 another, 'n oner a 
 
 answer, n. ontwort, 
 v. baondworda 
 answerable, ontwortlieh 
 ant, emens 
 
 anticipate, forousnema 
 
 anthem, korgasong, 
 korled 
 antidote, gagamid'l, 
 mid'i 
 
 antlers, harsh horn, 
 anvil, omboa 
 
 anxious, engstlich 
 
 any, anich'r or ana- 
 anyone, anich epar 
 anything, anich epaa 
 annex, awhenga 
 
 annihilate, fr shdara, 
 f'rnichda 
 anniversary, 
 
 yarlichfesht 
 announce, awsawga, 
 melda, awkindicha 
 annoy, bodra 
 
 ape, of 
 
 apology, enshuldiga 
 apoplexy, shlok 
 
 apostrophe, 
 
 obkarzungzacha 
 apricots, obrigosa 
 
 Aprilfool, obrilakolb 
 apron, shorts 
 
 apt, g'neigt 
 
 apparent, sheinbawr 
 apparition, geisht 
 
 appeal, awruta 
 
 appear, sheina 
 
 appearance, awshein, 
 osicht, shein 
 appendage, awhong 
 appertain to, zukuma 
 appetite, obadit 
 
 appetizing, obaditlich 
 applause, beitol 
 
 apple, ob'l 
 
 applebutter. lotwarg 
 appledumpling, 
 
 eb'l dumpling 
 apple of the eye, 
 
 awgaob'l 
 
 application, awshpruch 
 apply, awwena 
 
 appoint, awslitela 
 
 appoitnment,b' shtelung 
 appraise, shedsa 
 
 apprentice, brent is 
 
 approach, zugaa, 
 
 awkuma 
 
 298 
 
apprize 
 
 apprize,b' nochrichticha 
 approachable, 
 
 zugenglich 
 
 approbation, beifol 
 approve, gut hasa 
 
 appurtenances, zugahar 
 aquafortis, shadwos'r 
 arbitration, refare 
 
 arbitrator, refaremon 
 arc, arch, boga, g'welb 
 architect, boumasht'r 
 ardent, has, hitsich 
 argue, argara 
 
 arise, ufshdaa 
 
 arithmetic, rech'lbuch 
 arm, orm 
 
 army, orma 
 
 around, rum 
 
 arouse, ufweka 
 
 arsenal, rishthous 
 
 arsenic, rotagift 
 
 art, kunsht, art, bisht 
 arteries, odara 
 
 artificial, hondg'mocht 
 artist, kindshdlar 
 
 artichoke, ardobl 
 
 article, shdik 
 
 arrange, flongera, 
 
 ransha 
 
 arrest, fonga, reshda 
 
 arrive, awkuma, 
 
 awlonga 
 
 as, ols, we, os 
 
 asafoetida, deiw'lsdrek 
 ascend, ufshdeiga, 
 
 shdeiga 
 Ascension Day, 
 
 Him'lfortdog 
 ash, esh 
 
 ashamed, shema 
 
 Ash Wednesday, 
 
 oshamidwuch 
 ask, froga, fudra, bida, 
 
 f longa 
 
 asleep, shlofa 
 
 asparagus, shbaragrus 
 aspect, awblik 
 
 aspen, oshba 
 
 asphyxia, farshtika 
 aster, dawl'rros 
 
 aster, shdarnblum 
 
 astonish, arshtouna 
 
 asthmatic, 
 
 kortsochtmich 
 astonishing, 
 
 arshtounlich 
 astray, frlor^ 
 
 astronomer, 
 
 shdarnken'r 
 astute, shlou 
 
 asylum, sylum 
 
 ass, as'l, longer 
 
 assail, awgreifa, awfola 
 assemble, frsomla 
 
 assembly, semli 
 
 assemblyman, semlimon 
 assent, beifol 
 
 assert, b'houpta, 
 
 b'krefticha 
 
 assessment, sesment 
 assessor, ses' r 
 
 assign, iwergewa 
 
 assist, helfa, beishtaa 
 associate, g'selshoft 
 assume, awnama 
 
 assure, farsichara 
 
 at, bei, dro, on, uf, zu 
 atone, g'nunk dua 
 
 attach, awbina, 
 
 awfechta 
 
 attack, v. awgreifa, 
 n. awgrif 
 
 attain, arlong 
 
 attempt, unarnema, 
 
 prowera, farsucha 
 
 attend, b'dena, awhara, 
 
 awhorcha 
 
 attendance, b'denung 
 attendant, b'dnur 
 
 attention, awdocht, ocht 
 attentive, ochtsom 
 
 awdechtich 
 
 attest, zeichnis gewa 
 attic, ewarsht shbeich'r 
 auburn, rotbrow 
 
 audible, harbawr 
 
 auger, bora 
 
 augment, fargrasara, 
 f rmara 
 
 aunt, bas' 1 
 
 aurora borealis, nord- 
 licht, nordshein 
 author, urhaw'r 
 
 authority, g'wolt 
 
 bandit , 
 
 autumn, harbsht, 
 
 shbotyor 
 
 avarice, geita 
 
 avaricious, rawchgerich 
 average, dorchshnitlich 
 avoid, ousweicha,meida 
 await, . wawrta, 
 
 'rwowrta 
 
 awake, ufweka, wokar, 
 wokarwara 
 aware , g' wawrwara 
 away, week, fort 
 
 awl, seil 
 
 awns, ogla, krawna 
 ax, oks 
 
 B 
 
 babe, bub'l 
 
 baby, bub'l, bobli 
 
 babble, bob'l 
 
 babbler, bob'lmoul 
 
 bachelor, badshlar 
 
 back, adv. z'rik, n. rik 
 backbone, rikstrong 
 backstrap, ufhebrema, 
 
 uf holtrem 
 backward, hinarsich, 
 
 z'rikwarts 
 bacon, shbek, seiflash, 
 
 seidaflash 
 bad, org, weshd, iwel, 
 shlecht, shlimm, orich 
 badger, doks 
 
 badly, shlecht 
 
 baffle, farwara 
 
 bag, sok, sekcha 
 
 bagpipe, dud'lsok 
 
 bait, bat 
 
 bake, bok 
 
 bake-oven, bokufa 
 
 baker, bek'r 
 
 balance, gleichg'wicht, 
 wolk, shawlawok 
 bald, blut, blutkepich 
 bale, bola 
 
 balsam, bolsom 
 
 ball, bola, kling'l, kug'l 
 balloon boloon 
 
 band, bond 
 
 bandage, bina 
 
 bandbox, ^ buna t box 
 bandit, raw war 
 
 299 
 
bank 
 
 bank, bonk (river) ufar, 
 bankrupt, ufg'brucha 
 banish, fardreiwa 
 
 banished, fardriwa 
 banister, hondrig'l 
 banquet, fesht 
 
 bantam, bendi 
 
 baptism, dawf 
 
 bar, bar, fawrd, fold'r, 
 (music) tokt 
 barber, bolwerar 
 
 bare, bios, blut 
 
 barefooted, bawrfesich 
 bareheaded, blutkepich 
 bargain, barya 
 
 bark, rin, rina, youdsa 
 (of a dog) 
 
 barley, garshd 
 
 barn, sheiar 
 
 barometer, wed'rglos 
 
 barrel, fos, bsirlfos, 
 
 lawf (of a gun) 
 
 barren, unfruchtbawr 
 
 barrow, shubkorch 
 
 base,- shlecht, nidar, 
 
 folsh 
 
 basement, kelarkich 
 baseness, shlechtichkad 
 bashful, blad 
 
 basin, wash, weshshis'l 
 basket, korb 
 
 bassviol, bosgeik 
 
 bastard, hoorakind, 
 beikind, boshdard 
 baste, reia 
 
 bat, shbekmous, bola- 
 prig'l, bolabritsh 
 batch, farhunsa 
 
 bathe, bawd a, wesha 
 battalion, bodolya 
 
 batter, shloga 
 
 battle, shlocht 
 
 bawl, greisha 
 
 bayonet, bongnet 
 
 be, sei, wara 
 
 bead, korela 
 
 beak, shnovel 
 
 beam, (sun) shdrawl, 
 bolka, gabelk,.wols, 
 shbonpet 
 
 Beanpole, bonashteka 
 beans, bona 
 
 bear, bar, v. ousholda, 
 ousshtaa 
 
 beard, bawrd, (of 
 
 grain) fruchtkron 
 
 beast, 
 beat, 
 
 beaten, 
 beau, 
 
 der, shtikfe 
 shloga, beda, 
 knufa, led'ra 
 g'blodshd 
 bo 
 
 beautiful, sha, prechtig 
 
 beauty, 
 
 because, 
 
 become, 
 
 bed, 
 
 bedaub, 
 
 bedbug, 
 
 bedcord, 
 
 bedroom, 
 
 bedspread, 
 
 bedstead, 
 
 bedtick, 
 
 beech, 
 
 bee-eater, 
 
 beef, 
 
 beehive, 
 
 beer, 
 
 shaheit 
 weil 
 wara 
 bet 
 
 f rshmera 
 wonsa 
 bedshtrik 
 betstub, 
 shlof kom'r 
 debich 
 betlawd 
 fcd'rfosing 
 boocha 
 emafres'r 
 rinsflash 
 emakorb, 
 emakoshda 
 ber 
 ema 
 
 beet, rodreb 
 
 befall, b'fola 
 
 before, fornanous, for, 
 forna, fornahar 
 beforehand, fornadraw 
 befriend, bafreinda 
 beg, bed'l 
 
 beggar, bed'lmon 
 
 begin, awfonga 
 
 beginner, awfenger 
 beginning, n. awfong, 
 bagin 
 
 beginning adv. awfongs 
 begrimed, f'rshmokd 
 beguile, farfera 
 
 begun, awg'fonga 
 
 behave, awshika 
 
 behavior, badrawga 
 behead, obkepa 
 
 behind, hina, hinadraw 
 behold, awshoua 
 
 being, wasa 
 
 belch, ufshtosa 
 
 bewitch 
 
 belie, b'lega 
 
 believe, glawb 
 
 bell, bel, gluk or kluk 
 belladonna, shdechob'l 
 bellow, blara 
 
 bellows, blosbolk 
 
 belly, bouch, leib 
 
 bellyache, leibshmarza, 
 bouch wa 
 
 belly-band, bouchgot 
 
 belly-strap, bouchrema 
 
 belong, awbalonga, 
 
 k'art 
 
 beloved, galebt,hartsich 
 below, druna, buna 
 bemoan, b'yomara 
 
 bench, bonk 
 
 bend, bega, farbega 
 benediction, saga 
 
 beneficial, nidslich 
 benefit, woldawd 
 
 benevolent, guthartsich 
 
 lebreich 
 
 bent, g'boga, farboga 
 benumb, shdeif wara 
 bequeath, frmocha 
 bereave, berawwa, 
 rawwa 
 
 bergamot, borgamiit 
 berry, ber or bar 
 
 beseech, bida, ersucha 
 beside, newabei, nawa, 
 
 d rnawa 
 
 besides, zudem 
 
 bespatter, frshpritsa 
 bespeak, frshprecha 
 besprinkle, awshpritsa 
 best, besht, fornamshd 
 bestow, gewa, shenka 
 bestrew, shdroya 
 
 bet, wet, weta 
 
 betray, wekgewa, 
 
 f'roda 
 
 betrothal , f rsh prech a 
 better, bes'r, v. bes'ra 
 between, zwisha 
 
 beverage, gadrenk, 
 tronk 
 
 bewail, b'klawga, 
 
 b'yomara 
 
 beware, ochtgewa 
 
 bewitch, frheksa 
 
 300 
 
beyond 
 
 beyond' driwa 
 
 bib, shloVrduch 
 
 bible, bew'l, shrift 
 bid, beda, awbeda, 
 g'but, bat'ala 
 biennial, zwayorich 
 bier, dodabawr 
 
 big, grc-3 
 
 bile, gol 
 
 bill, shnov'l, nod, 
 
 rechling or reclining 
 billion, bilyon 
 
 bin. koshda 
 
 bind, bin 
 
 bind over, iw'rbina 
 bind weed, wina 
 
 biographer, 
 
 lawesbashreiw'r 
 biography, laweslawf, 
 lawesbashreiwa 
 birch, barka 
 
 bird, fug'l, pi. feg'l 
 birth, gaburt 
 
 birthday, gaburtsdog 
 biscuit, bisket 
 
 bishop, bishup 
 
 bissextile, sholkyor 
 bit, bis'l, gabis 
 
 bitch, bidsh 
 
 bite, n. beis, v. beisa 
 bitter, bid'r 
 
 bitters, bid'rs 
 
 blab, plopara 
 
 blabber, n. plop'rmoul, 
 v. plopara 
 
 black, shwurts 
 
 blackberry, blakber 
 blackbird, shdawr 
 
 blackguard, lumpakarl, 
 mensh 
 
 blackhaw, shofknut'l 
 blacking, shwortsing 
 blacksmith, shmid 
 
 bladder, bios 
 
 blade, kling, holm 
 
 blame, blama 
 
 blameless, unshuldich 
 blanch, blacha 
 
 blaspheme, leshdara 
 blasphemous, fraf Ihoft 
 blasphemy, frafl, 
 
 leshdarung 
 
 blast, n. windshtos, 
 v. shbrenga 
 blaze, n. flom, v. floma 
 bleach, blacha 
 
 bleat, blara 
 
 bleed, bluda, od'rlusa, 
 
 farbluda 
 
 blemish, shontfleck, 
 falar, shimp 
 bless, sagna 
 
 blessed, salich 
 
 blessing, saga 
 
 blight, peshd 
 
 blind, blind, farblena 
 blindman' s-buff, 
 
 ^lindameis'l 
 
 blindness, blindheit 
 
 blink, awblinsla, 
 
 blinsla 
 
 blinkers, blindholfter, 
 
 sheiledra 
 
 bliss, salichkad 
 
 blister, blod'r 
 
 blizzard, kolta, shdorm 
 bloated, ufg'blat, 
 
 ufg'blosa 
 
 block, bluk, kluds 
 blockhead, dumkub 
 blockhouse, blukheis'l, 
 
 blukhous 
 
 blood, blood, gablet 
 blooded, bloodich 
 
 bloodhound, blooUhunt 
 blood-root, rodworz'l 
 bloodsucker, bludsukl'r 
 bloody, bludich 
 
 bloom, blea, gablet, 
 blum 
 
 blossom, blea 
 
 blot, shontflek 
 
 blouse, womes 
 
 blow, n. shdrach 
 
 blow, v. blosa, awblosa 
 blow on, over, in, 
 
 blosa druf, driv'r, ni 
 bludgeon, brig'l 
 
 blue, bio 
 
 bluebell, klukeblum 
 bluebird, blofog'l 
 
 blue-bottle-fly, 
 
 shmasmik 
 blue-grass, kweka 
 
 bonfire 
 
 blue ointment, 
 
 reid'rsolb 
 
 bluff, grub 
 
 bluing, weshblo 
 
 blunder, falgrif, falar, 
 
 dumhad 
 
 blunt, shdump 
 
 blur, flek 
 
 bluster, grosshwetsa 
 blush, shema, sich 
 
 farwa 
 
 boa, grosa shlong 
 
 boar. borg, ewar 
 
 board, n. kusht, n.bord, 
 v. b'keschdicka 
 boarder, kushtgeng'r 
 boast, prola 
 
 boaster, prolar 
 
 boat, bot 
 
 bobbin, shpool 
 
 bobolink, shdawr 
 
 bobtail, shdumpshwons 
 bodice, leibg'n, body 
 bodily, leibhoftich 
 
 bodkin, shdupnod'l 
 body, karp'r 
 
 body-bowa, shbrig'l 
 bog, sump 
 
 boggy, sumpich 
 
 bogus, fulsh 
 
 boil, n. shwara 
 
 boil, kucha, broda, 
 dempa, kwela 
 boil down, eikucha 
 boil over, iw'rkucha 
 boiler, kuchkes'l 
 
 bold, hartshoftich, bol 
 bolster, shamel 
 
 bolster-bolt, 
 
 shamel-nog' 1 
 
 bolt, n. grosa shroub, 
 
 rig'l 
 
 bolt, v. shies a, rig'l 
 bolter-cloth, beid'lduch 
 bombshell, bom shel 
 bond, bond, kalbond 
 bondage, sklawferei 
 bone, (offish) krawna, 
 gnucha 
 
 bonedust, knuchamal 
 bone-set, dorchwoks 
 bonfire, freidefei'r 
 
 301 
 
bonnet 
 
 bonnet, bonat 
 
 bony, knuchich 
 
 boodle, geld 
 
 book, buch 
 
 book-binder, buchbin'r 
 book-case, bik'rshonk 
 bookkeeper, buchholt'r 
 bookkeeping, 
 
 buchholtucg 
 book-store, 
 
 buchhondlung 
 boom-pole, rad'l 
 
 boor, rilps 
 
 boorish, rilpsich 
 
 boot, 'shdiw'l 
 
 bootee, holbshtiw'l 
 boot-jack, 
 
 shdiw'lknecht 
 boot-tree, shdiw'lhuls 
 boozy, farsuf'na 
 
 borax, boraks 
 
 border, grons 
 
 bore, bora, awbora, 
 ousshtona 
 
 born, gabora 
 
 borough, buro 
 
 borrow, borga, lana 
 bosom, bus'm, brusht 
 botany, kreit'rbuch 
 botanist, blumaken'r 
 both, bada, bad 
 
 bother, bodra 
 
 bottle, bud'l 
 
 bottom, buda, bud'm 
 bough, noshd 
 
 bought, kawft 
 
 bought in, out, ei, ous, 
 kawft 
 
 bounce, bouns 
 
 bound, pflichtich 
 
 boundary, grons 
 
 bouquet, blumashtrous, 
 krons 
 
 bow, n. boga, shlup, 
 v. bika 
 
 bowels, ingaweida, 
 dorm 
 
 bowl, shis'l 
 
 box, koshda 
 
 boxwood, buksbawm 
 boy, boo, bu 
 
 wink'lbora 
 
 bracket, bret, leishd 
 brads, shbriks 
 
 brag, brol, prola 
 
 braggart, brolar 
 
 braid, n. horflechta, 
 v. flechta 
 
 braid, brading 
 
 brain, harn 
 
 brainy, galarnd 
 
 brake, shbar 
 
 brake-chain, shbarket 
 bran, gleia or kleia 
 branch, noshd, osht, 
 zoka 
 
 brand, feirbrond,brond 
 brandy, ' brondawei 
 brass, mes 
 
 brat, kind 
 
 brave, brawf 
 
 bray, as'lg'grish, 
 
 greisha we 'n as'l 
 bread, brod 
 
 breadth, brading 
 
 break, brecha, far- 
 
 brecha 
 
 break down, runganera 
 breakers, welashlog 
 break in, neibrecha 
 break in pieces, 
 
 frshloga, farbrekla 
 breakfast, brekfesht, 
 morya esa 
 break loose, losbrecha 
 breast, brusht 
 
 breath, houch, ochdem 
 breathe, shnoufa, 
 
 houcha 
 breeches, husa 
 
 breed, n. brud, v. zega, 
 
 erzega 
 brew, broua 
 
 brewer, brouar 
 
 brewery, brouarei 
 
 bribe, onarkawfa 
 
 brick, bokashda 
 
 brickbat,bokashdashtik 
 brick-kiln, 
 
 bokashdaufa 
 brick-layer, 
 
 bokashdalag'r 
 bride, - broud 
 
 bridge, brik 
 
 bucket 
 
 bride groom, 
 
 breidichom 
 
 bridle, zawm, ufzama, 
 zig 1 ! 
 
 bridled, ufgazawmt 
 brier, dorn 
 
 brigand, rawwar 
 
 bright, hel 
 
 Bright' s disease, 
 
 nerakronkhad 
 
 brim, ronft 
 
 brimstone, shwew'l 
 
 brindled, wulshdramich 
 
 brine, solslawk 
 
 bring, bringa, beihola, 
 
 beibringa, mitbringa 
 
 bring in neibringa 
 
 bristles, barshda, 
 
 seibarshda 
 
 brittle, leicht zu brecha 
 broad, brad 
 
 broad-axe, bradbeil 
 broad-cloth, duch 
 
 broil, broda 
 
 bronchitis, 
 
 holsouszarung 
 bronze, bronz 
 
 brood, brud 
 
 brook, krik, basa 
 
 broom, basem 
 
 broth, bre 
 
 brother, brood' r, 
 
 mitbrud'r 
 brotherly, bredarlich 
 brought, gabrucht 
 
 brow, shdarn 
 
 brown, broun 
 
 browse, wada 
 
 bruise, kwedsha 
 
 bruised, f rkwedshd 
 brunella, 
 
 kreidliwid'rbring 
 brunette, dunk'l heitig 
 brush, pens'l, grubs, 
 n. barshd, v. barshda 
 Drnshes, heka 
 
 arush-fence, hekafens 
 brush off, obbarshda 
 bubble, n. bios v. wella, 
 n. wos'rblos, v.kwela 
 buck, buk 
 
 bucket, amar 
 
 302 
 
buckle 
 
 buckle, ^ n. shnol, 
 v. shnola 
 
 buckram, shdeifing 
 buckwheat, buchwaza 
 bud, pud, knup 
 
 buffalo, butter 
 
 buffalo-robe, buflerhout 
 bug, kefr 
 
 bugbear, bouds 
 
 buggy, bugie 
 
 bugle, horn 
 
 bugloss, oksazung 
 
 build, boua 
 
 build up, uf boua 
 
 building, gabei 
 
 building-stone, 
 
 boushda 
 
 bull, bull 
 
 bull-dog, bullhunt 
 
 bull -frog, frftsh 
 
 bullet, kug'l 
 
 bulldoze, zwraga 
 
 bullock, yunger uks, 
 rind 
 
 bully, n. roubeg'l 
 adj . lushdich 
 bullrush, binsa 
 
 bum, rumlaf r, bomb' 
 bumblebee, hum' 
 
 bunch, heng'l, klumpa 
 bunches, full of, 
 
 klumpich 
 
 bundle, pok, bund'l, 
 
 bind'l, gabund 
 
 bung, shbund, zopa 
 
 bung hole, shbundluch 
 
 bunion, g'shwul om 
 
 zaya 
 
 bunk, shlofbonk 
 
 burdock, gleda, klet 
 burr, mud'r 
 
 burr, chestnut, 
 
 keshdig'l 
 
 burden, n. losht, 
 
 v. b'loshda 
 
 burdensome, shwar 
 bureau, pero 
 
 burglar, eibrech'r 
 
 burglary, eibruch 
 
 burial, (_^ b'grebnis 
 burial ground, 
 
 b'grebnis plots 
 
 candlemas 
 
 burn, brena 
 
 3urn down, 
 
 nunarbrena 
 burnet, nog'lgrout 
 
 burn out, up, ousbrena 
 farbrena, uf brena 
 burst, frshpringa, 
 blodsa 
 bury, fargrawwa, 
 
 eigrawa baardicha, 
 b'grawwa 
 
 bush, heka 
 
 bush beans, shdukbona 
 bushel, bush'l 
 
 business, gasheft 
 
 bustle, n. larm,gareish 
 v. eila 
 
 busy, gasheftich, 
 
 fleisich 
 busybody, 
 
 neiichkadkramer 
 
 but, ow'r 
 
 butcher, shlochda, 
 
 butsh'r, v. medsla 
 
 butt end, v. awshtosa, 
 
 shdos, kulwa 
 
 butter, bud'r 
 
 butter crock, bud' rhofa 
 
 buttercup , bud' rblum 
 
 butterfly, fled'rmous, 
 
 sum'rfog'l 
 
 butteris, warkmes'r 
 buttermilk, bud'rmilch 
 butternut, weiswolnis 
 butter tub, bud'rzuw'r 
 button, knup 
 
 v. ankneba 
 
 button hole, knupluch 
 buy, kawfa 
 
 buyer, kawfmon 
 
 buy in, up, eikawfa, 
 ufkawfu 
 
 buy off, out, obkawfa 
 ouskawfa 
 
 buzz, bruma 
 
 buzzard, loodarfug' 
 by, . bei, mit 
 
 bygone, ferbei or far be 
 by heart, ouswenich 
 byroad or way, beiwak 
 nawashtros, obwak 
 by-the-by, nawabe 
 
 yword, 
 
 beiword 
 
 jabbage, grout or krout 
 cabin, hit 
 
 cabinet-maker, lawda- 
 mocher, shreinar, 
 housrod-shreinar 
 cackle, gogsa, shnotra 
 ;actus, kaktus 
 
 caddy, taboka 
 
 cage, kefich 
 
 cake, kucha 
 
 calabash, kolbosht 
 calamitous, iwel 
 
 calculate, rechla 
 
 calculation, rechling, 
 rechning 
 calculator, rechlar 
 calendar, kolen'r 
 
 calf, kolb, (of the leg) 
 wawda 
 calf-skin, kolbfel 
 
 calico, kodoon 
 
 calipers, shmidzark'l 
 calkins, shdula 
 
 call, nena, luka, roof, 
 rufa or roofa 
 call away, home, 
 
 wekrufa 
 call out, to account, 
 
 ousrufa 
 call upon, again, 
 
 awroofa 
 calling, ruf 
 
 calm, n. windshtil, 
 adj. ruich 
 calve, kolwa 
 
 camel, koraal 
 
 camp, lawgar 
 
 campaign, feldzug 
 
 campmeeting, 
 
 lawgarfar somling 
 camphor, gomb'r 
 
 can, kena, kon 
 
 canal, konawl 
 
 canary, konarie 
 
 cancel, ouskrodsa, 
 dorchshdreicha 
 cancer, krebs 
 
 candle, licht 
 
 candlemas, lichtmes 
 
 303 
 
caudle-mould 
 
 candle-inould, 
 
 licht'rform 
 
 candy, zuk'rsoeh 
 
 cane, shduk, shdeka 
 cannibal, meiishafres'r 
 cannon, konoon, shdik 
 canteloupe,mushnrily'n 
 canteen, feldflosli 
 
 cant hook, wenring 
 canvass, lekshonera 
 caoutchouc, 
 
 inshingrub'r 
 cap, kop 
 
 capable, faich 
 
 capital, n. hawbdshdod 
 adj. fordreflich 
 capital punishment, 
 
 lawesshtrof 
 
 capon, frshneidna 
 Capricorn, shdabuk 
 captain, hawbdmon 
 captivated, fargofa 
 captive, g'fongn'r 
 
 captor, fong'r 
 
 car, kawr 
 
 caraway, kim'l 
 
 carbon, kolashduft 
 carbuncle, peshdblod'r 
 carcass, leicht, karper 
 card, kord 
 
 card playing, 
 
 kordashbela 
 
 care, n. ocht, ochtgewa 
 
 v. awgalega, sorya 
 
 careful, b'sorkt, ocht- 
 
 som, sorchfeltich, 
 
 sorchsom 
 
 careless, los, sorchlos, 
 
 nochlesieh, unocht- 
 
 som, umb'kimr'd 
 
 caress, shdreicha, 
 
 koresera 
 
 caries, kniichafraws 
 
 carnage, g'meds 1 
 
 carpenter, zimarmon, 
 
 shreinar 
 
 carpet, karpet 
 
 carriage, kutsh, woga 
 
 carrion, os, loodar, 
 
 shinos 
 
 carrot, galreb 
 
 carry, drawga 
 
 carry out, ousfera 
 
 cart, korch 
 
 cartilage, knorw'l 
 
 carve, shneida 
 
 carver, forshneid'r 
 case, fol, zufol, 
 
 zushtond 
 
 cash, bawr geld 
 
 cask, fos, shdenar 
 cast, shmeisa, gesa 
 cast away, wekshmeisa 
 casting, gus, gesung 
 cast-iron, gus 
 
 cat, kots 
 
 catalpa, shodabawm 
 catalepsy, 
 
 foledkronkhad 
 cataract, wos'rfol, (of 
 
 the eye) awgaheid'l 
 catarrh, shnupa 
 
 catch, fonga 
 
 catch cold, f rkelta 
 catch penny, 
 
 wulfn'r drek 
 catechism, kotakismus 
 catechumen, poreskind 
 caterpillar, roub 
 
 caterwauling, 
 
 kotsagakrish 
 catgut, dormsad 
 
 Catholic, Kordulish 
 cat-mint, kotzagrout 
 cat's-tail, leshd 
 
 cattle, fe 
 
 cauliflower, 
 
 bluma krout 
 cause> farursocha, 
 
 awrichta, n. oorsoch 
 caution, forsicht 
 
 cautious, forsichtich 
 cavalry, leithors 
 
 cave, drochaluch, 
 
 haling, v. eifola 
 cavity, heling 
 
 caw, greisha we'n krop 
 cease, nochlusa,uf hara 
 cedar, % zadar 
 
 ceiling, dek 
 
 celandine, shelagrout 
 celebrate, feiara 
 
 celebrated, baremd 
 celestial, himlish 
 
 chariot 
 
 celebration, 
 
 fei'rrhchkad 
 cell, sell, heisle 
 
 cellar, kelar 
 
 cement, sement, kit 
 cemetery, simadari 
 cent, bens 
 
 centenarian, 
 
 hun'rtyarich 
 centennial, 
 
 hun'rtyarich ftsht 
 
 centre, mid'lpunk 
 
 century, hun'rtyor 
 
 cerebellum, kla harn 
 
 certain, ly, ousgemccht 
 
 sichar, g'wis, ufkors 
 
 freilich 
 
 certainty, sicharhad 
 certificate, bond, ben'r 
 certificate of baptism, 
 
 dawfy heist 
 
 cessation, obbruch 
 
 cesspool, sinkiuch 
 
 chafed, wund 
 
 chaff, shbrou 
 
 chain, ked, v. awketa 
 chain-shot, keda-kug'l 
 chair, shdool 
 
 chairman, forsits'r 
 chalice, kelch 
 
 chalk, greid or kreid 
 challenge, rousfudara 
 chamber, nochthofa, 
 kom' r 
 chamomile, komila 
 champion, mashd'r 
 chance, zufol 
 
 chandler, licht'rmoch'r 
 change, anara or enara 
 farenara, weks'l, 
 
 farweksla 
 
 chap, ris, karl, shruna 
 chaplain, feldpredig'r 
 chapter, k'bit'l 
 
 character, karokt'r, 
 
 g'mudsord 
 
 charcoal, hulskola 
 charcoal-burner, 
 
 hulskolabren'r 
 
 charge, of a gun, lawda 
 
 losht, zushreiwa 
 
 chariot, woga 
 
 304 
 
charitable 
 
 charitable, freigewich 
 charity, leb 
 
 Charles, Kawrl 
 
 charm, bona 
 
 charmer, ing, bon'r 
 chart, kord, londkort 
 chase, faryawga 
 
 chastise, zichdicha 
 chat, plopara,ploudara 
 chatter, plopara, bob'l 
 chatterbox, plop' rmoul 
 bob'lmoul 
 
 cheap, bilich, wulfeil 
 
 cheat, badreya,b'luksa 
 
 b'sheisa, cinema, 
 
 n. drefts 
 
 cheated , awg' shmerd 
 cheater, b'shis'r 
 
 cheating, badreyarei 
 check, z'rik holta,kelsh 
 checkered, ekshtanich 
 check rein, zub/ig'l 
 cheek, boka 
 
 cheer, fralichkad 
 
 cheerful, sorgafrei, 
 fralich 
 
 cheese, kas 
 
 chemise, weibshem 
 cherry, karsh 
 
 chest, kishd, brusht, 
 koshda 
 
 chestnut, keshd 
 
 chew, koua 
 
 chicken, hinkel 
 
 chicken coop, hinkel- 
 shtol, hinkelkewich 
 chicken grapes, 
 
 reifdrouwa 
 chicken-hawk, 
 
 shdoswoi 
 chicken-pox, 
 
 wos'rporbla 
 
 chief, ly, fornamlich, 
 
 haksht 
 
 child, kind 
 
 childish, kinish 
 
 childhood, kindhad 
 children, kinar 
 
 chill, , kris'l, frera 
 chimney, shornshta 
 chimney-sweeper, 
 
 shornshtafag'r 
 
 chin, bawrd, kin 
 
 chip, shba 
 
 chipmonk, fensamous 
 chisel, masel 
 
 chives, shnitloch 
 
 choice, pik, wawl 
 
 choir, kor 
 
 choke, warya 
 
 choose, pika, wala 
 chop, hoka 
 
 chopped, g'shroda 
 chopper, hok'r 
 
 chops, shrot 
 
 Christ, Kristus 
 
 Christmas, Krishtdog, 
 Weinochta 
 Christmas present, 
 
 Krishd-kind'l 
 chub, badsh, hornchub 
 chunk, shiw'l 
 
 church, karch 
 
 church-council, 
 
 karch arawd 
 church service, 
 
 guttesdinshd 
 
 church-yard, karch of- 
 
 churn, bud r fos, 
 
 bud'rdraa 
 
 chyle, nawrungsoft, 
 milchsoft 
 
 cicely, karwligrout 
 cider, seider 
 
 cider-press, keld'r 
 cigar, / segar 
 
 cinder, kolesh 
 
 cinnamon, simetrin, 
 simet 
 cinquefoil, 
 
 finfing'rgrout 
 
 cipher, nul, rechla, 
 
 zifar 
 
 circle, kreis, zark'l 
 circuit, bazark 
 
 circular saw, zark'lsak 
 circulation, umlawf 
 circumference, umfong 
 circumstances, 
 
 umshtena 
 
 citizen , shdod won' r 
 
 city, shdod 
 
 claim, fudra, 
 
 awshpruch 
 
 clothe 
 
 clam, klem, mush'l 
 clamour, yocht 
 
 clamp, klom 
 
 clandestinely, fa rshtola 
 clap, knol 
 
 clarify, obklora, klora 
 clarion, drumbad 
 
 clarionet, klarinet 
 
 clash, shmora, zoma- 
 shloga 
 
 class, klos 
 
 clatter, ropla 
 
 claw, kloa 
 
 clay, lama, leta 
 
 clayey, lamig 
 
 clean, budsa, souwar, 
 
 obbudsa, seiwarlich, 
 
 ranar, rein, ra 
 
 cleanse, seiwara, 
 
 reinicha, ufroma 
 
 clear, hel, klor, frei, 
 
 deitlich, v. klora, 
 
 rechtf artich a 
 
 clear off, obklora, 
 
 (a table) obrawma 
 
 clear up, uf hela 
 
 cleave, shblita 
 
 cleaver, hokmes'r, 
 
 butsh'roks 
 
 clergyman, pora 
 
 climate, wit' rung 
 
 climb, krodla 
 
 clinch iron, selarich, 
 seds 
 
 cling-stone, klingshta 
 
 cling to, awhenga 
 
 clip, shara, grif (of a 
 
 horseshoe) 
 
 clock, oor 
 
 clock maker, 
 
 ooramocher 
 
 clod, shula, ardshula 
 
 clog, hinara, ufshdupa 
 
 fershdupa 
 
 close, v., zumocha 
 
 close, n. or adj. knops 
 
 (of air) dumbieh, 
 
 nagshd 
 
 closed, zu, zoo 
 
 cloth, duch 
 
 clothe, glad a, b' glad a 
 
 or b'klada, awklada 
 
 19a 
 
 305 
 
clothes 
 
 conclude 
 
 ek>thes,klad'r or giad'r 
 
 coerce, zwinga,nodicha 
 
 common, g'wanlich, 
 
 clothes basket, 
 
 coecum, endkeit'l 
 
 gamasheftlich 
 
 weshkurb 
 
 coddle, dempa 
 
 common sense, 
 
 clothes- wringer, 
 
 codling, kuchob'l 
 
 menshafarshtond 
 
 ousdraar 
 
 cogs, koma 
 
 commonwealth, shdat 
 
 clotted, g'runa 
 
 cog-wheel, komrawd 
 
 communion, nochtmol, 
 
 clouds, wulka, 
 
 coheir, beiarwa 
 
 awbandmol 
 
 cloudy, dreb 
 
 coil, ringa or wikla 
 
 community, umgagend 
 
 cloudy-berries, 
 
 coin, hord geld 
 
 compact, shreiwes 
 
 mulkabara 
 
 colander, kasei 
 
 company, g'sglshofl 
 
 clovenfooted, gloafes, 
 
 cold, frish, kolt 
 
 comparable, 
 
 kloa 
 
 cold-chisel , koldmas' 1 
 
 fargleichlich 
 
 clover, gla or kla 
 
 colerabi, golrawb, 
 
 compare, fargleicha 
 
 cloves, neg'lch'r 
 
 kulrawba 
 
 comparison, fargleich 
 
 clown, honsworsht, 
 
 colic, kulik 
 
 compass, kumbos, 
 
 zwik'l 
 
 collar, holsbond,kuuiet 
 
 zark'l 
 
 club, brig' 1 or prig'l, 
 
 collect, lasa, somla, 
 
 compassion, mitleid 
 
 knip'l 
 
 eidreiwa, ufpikil 
 
 compass-saw, luchsak 
 
 club-foot, shdulfus 
 
 college, koletsh 
 
 compel, awshpona 
 
 cluck, gluk or kluk, 
 
 colliery, kolagrub 
 
 compelled, g'mist 
 
 v. kluksa 
 
 colon. grimdorm 
 
 compensate, balona 
 
 clump, giom 
 
 color, forb 
 
 compensation, 
 
 clumsy, ungashikt, 
 
 colored, forwich 
 
 balonung, fardinsht 
 
 dobich, klumsich 
 
 colt, fil. hudsh,hudshli 
 
 complacency, wolg'fola 
 
 cluster, heng'l 
 
 columbine, klukeblum, 
 
 complain, t, v. klawga 
 
 coach, kutsh 
 
 glukiibluni 
 
 orglawga, f rklawga 
 
 coachman, dreiwar 
 
 comb, shdral 
 
 n. klawg or glawg 
 
 coagulate, g'rinna 
 
 combat, kawmf 
 
 complain, (sickness) 
 
 coagulated, g'runa 
 
 combine, farbina, 
 
 krenkla 
 
 coal, kola 
 
 faranicha 
 
 complaisant, b'hatiich 
 
 coal burner, kolabren'r coine, kum 
 
 complete, fulster.ich, 
 
 coal oil, kolal 
 
 come in, out, away, 
 
 fardichmocha 
 
 coal scuttle, kolam'r 
 
 nei, rous, wek 
 
 complexion, hout torb, 
 
 coarse, grub, gruwar, 
 
 come^from, harkuma 
 
 gasichdsf orb- 
 
 rou 
 
 come to pass, oblawfa, 
 
 comply, nochgewa 
 
 coast, ut'iir 
 
 friawfa 
 
 compose, zomasedsa 
 
 coat, klad, ruk 
 
 comfortable, awganani, 
 
 comprehend, b'greifa, 
 
 coax, uf koksa, koksa, 
 
 bakwam . 
 
 farshtaa 
 
 awshmachlu 
 
 com trey, shwortsworz'l 
 
 comprehension, b'grif. 
 
 cob, krudsa 
 
 command, n. bafal, 
 
 farshtond 
 
 cobbler, shuflik'r 
 
 g'has, v. bafala,hasa 
 
 compromise, beilaga 
 
 cob web, shbinaweb 
 
 conMiiandments, 
 
 comrade, kum'rawd 
 
 cock, hawna, shbona 
 
 zagabuda 
 
 concave, hoi 
 
 cockerel, hancha 
 
 commemorate, t'eiara 
 
 conceal, frshdekla, 
 
 cockle, raw da 
 
 coiimence, awfonga 
 
 farhala 
 
 cockroach, skwowa 
 
 commerce, hondel 
 
 concealer, halar 
 
 cock's comb, 
 
 commiserate, b'klawga 
 
 conceit, eibildung 
 
 hav'nilkom 
 
 bador.ra 
 
 conceited, iw'rg'sheid 
 
 cocoanuv, kokonix, 
 
 commit, iw'rgewa 
 
 conceivable, b'greiflich 
 
 maravi 
 
 coinincnly, g'wanlich, 
 
 conceive, b'greifa 
 
 coculus indious. 
 
 oigebut, olgernei, I concentrate, zomazeya 
 
 i r ~" godelskarn j olgema j conclude, ^ shlesa 
 
 306 
 
concern 
 
 concern , b' kimr a , 
 
 awbalonga, b'drefa 
 
 conclusion, b'shlus, 
 
 shlus 
 
 concur, iw'reishdima 
 
 condemn, frnichda 
 
 condition, badingung, 
 
 zushtond 
 
 conduct, laweszacha, 
 
 badrawga, wond'l, 
 
 kond'l 
 
 conduit pipes, deichla 
 cone, beindzob'a 
 
 confess, beichta, b'kena 
 confession, b'kendnis 
 confide, fartroua, troua 
 confidence, zufardroua, 
 zudroua 
 
 confirm, b'shteticha, 
 beweisa, b'krefticha, 
 kunf rmeera, eisagna 
 confirmation, 
 
 kunf rmerung, 
 
 b'kreftichung 
 
 conflagration, brond 
 
 confounded, b'drufa 
 
 confoundedly, shdarns, 
 
 fardult 
 
 confuse, wara, bodra, 
 farbodara 
 
 confused, dorchnon'r, 
 
 frkulaberd, b'drufa, 
 
 farward 
 
 congregate, zomakuma 
 congregation, gam' a 
 conjecture, mudmavrsa 
 connect, zomahenka 
 conquer, iw'rwina, 
 iw'rweldicha,benicha 
 conquered, gesegd 
 
 conscience, 
 
 gewisa or g'wisa 
 
 consecrate, eisagna 
 
 consent, awhorcha, 
 
 eigaa, eiwilieha 
 
 consequence, folga, 
 
 nochfulga 
 
 consider, nochdenka, 
 
 b'denka, iw'rlaga, 
 
 basina 
 
 considerable, osanlich 
 or awsanlich 
 
 consolation, troshd 
 consoling, troshdreich 
 conspicuous, sichtba\vr 
 constable, kunshtawbl'r 
 constant, shdondhoft 
 constipation,' 
 
 f rshdupfung 
 
 construct, ufboua 
 
 consult, rodsucha, 
 
 b' froga 
 
 consume, ufzara, zara 
 
 consumption, ouszaring 
 
 farbrouch 
 
 contagious, awshtek'nd 
 contagion, 
 
 awshtek'ndkronkhet 
 contain, holda or holta 
 contemplate, badrochda 
 contend, shdreida 
 
 content, zufreda, 
 
 fargnega 
 contentment, 
 
 bafredichung 
 
 contents, inhold 
 
 continue, fortdoura, 
 
 fortsetsa 
 
 contradict, 
 
 wid'rshprecha 
 contrary, iw'rzwaricb 
 contract, shlus 
 
 contribute, beidrawga 
 contrive, ousdenka 
 control, g'wolt 
 
 conundrum, rats' 1 
 
 convalesce, bes'rwara 
 convene, f rsumla 
 
 convenient, shiklich, 
 bakwam, hendich 
 conversatiou, g'sprach, 
 gashprach 
 
 conversion, b'karung 
 
 convert, n. b'kard'r, 
 
 v. b'karu 
 
 convey, fera, drawga 
 
 convict, iw'rweisa, 
 
 iw' rfera 
 
 convince, iw'rweisa, 
 iw'rzeiga, 
 
 convulsion, zukung, 
 
 gichtara, gromp 
 
 cook, kuch 
 
 cool, kel 
 
 couple 
 
 coop, kefick 
 
 Copenhagen, 
 
 ringoushloga 
 copious, heifich. 
 
 copper, kupar 
 
 copperas, kup'roos 
 copy, obshreiwa 
 
 cord, sad, shdrik, 
 
 . shnoor, glofd'r 
 cordial, gorgel 
 
 core, krudsa 
 
 core of a bile, budsa 
 coriander, koryond'r 
 cork, gork 
 
 cork-screw, gorkzeg'r 
 com, welsbkorn, 
 
 (foot) gra-awg or 
 ki-a-awg 
 
 corner, ek, wiuk'l 
 
 cornered, ekich 
 
 corner-stone, ekshta 
 
 cornice, sirns, kornish 
 
 coroner, kronar 
 
 correct, richtich, recht, 
 
 recht mocha 
 
 corridor, gong 
 
 corset, leibg'n, 
 
 shnerleibch'n 
 
 cost, kushda, 
 
 (costs) unkushta 
 
 costly, deiar, keshdlich 
 
 kushtbor 
 
 costive, hordleiwich 
 cot, gla bet 
 
 cottage-cheese, 
 
 shmerkas 
 
 cotton, bjjwwul 
 
 cotyledon, somilkeim 
 couch, bei 
 
 cough, lioovhta, 
 
 could, keut 
 
 coulter, sech 
 
 counsel, n. rod, v. voda 
 counseled, g'roda 
 
 counselor, rudgew'r 
 count, /.a! a 
 
 Counterfeit, folsli,rio--h- 
 ji'mochi. iitK-iiniucba 
 counterpane, iw'nlek 
 country, lond 
 
 countryman, ionsnir,n 
 couple, pawr 
 
 307 
 
courage 
 
 courage, mud 
 
 courageous, mudich, 
 
 unf rzawgt, 
 
 hartshoftich 
 
 course, gong 
 
 court, koresera 
 
 courtship, freiafei 
 
 cousin, g'shwishd'r- 
 
 kin'r 
 
 covenant, obshlesa, 
 
 bund, okadera 
 
 cover, n. dek, iw'rzug 
 
 (bed), v. deka, 
 
 b'deka 
 
 coverlet, iw'rdek, 
 
 dekbed 
 
 cow, koo, pi. ke 
 
 cow-dung, kedrek 
 
 cow-hide, hos wip 
 
 cow-pen, kebeii 
 
 cowslip, shlis'l blum 
 crab, krebs 
 
 crabbed, grounzich 
 crab-louse, tilslous 
 
 crack, krocha, knoka, 
 ris, shruua 
 crack-brained, 
 
 iw'rg'larnd 
 
 cracknel, grewa 
 
 cradle, wek, 
 
 (for grain) rei' 
 
 crafty r shlik 
 
 cramp, gromp or kruinp 
 
 crammed, g'shtuptat'ul 
 
 crauberries, krernbera, 
 
 gram be ru 
 
 crane, fishreiar, krawn 
 cranium, harnshawl, 
 harnshadel, shad'l 
 crape, fior 
 
 crash, kroch 
 
 cravat, holsgroga 
 
 craving, badarfms 
 craw, krup 
 
 crawl, krowla, krodla, 
 growla 
 
 crawling, krodlich, 
 krowlich 
 
 crazy, narish 
 
 cream, rawm 
 
 cream of tartar, weishta 
 fold 
 
 create, arshofa 
 
 creation, shepfung 
 
 creator, shepf r 
 
 credit, kredit, glawb 
 creed, 
 
 glawb' nsb'kentnis 
 creek, grick or krik 
 creep, krodla 
 
 creeping sensation, 
 
 grawla 
 
 crest, kom, gipl, 
 
 crew, shifleit, monshoft 
 cribber, gribabeis' r 
 cricket, kriks'l, kriks 
 crier, fendukroi'r, 
 kroiar 
 
 crime, shuld 
 
 criminal, farbrech r 
 cripple, grip'l 
 
 critical, mislich 
 
 croak, mura, l^nora, 
 kwoksa 
 
 crock, hofa, kruk 
 
 crockery, sharwa, hefa 
 crooked, grum or krum, 
 winish, farzoga 
 crop, krup 
 
 cross, folsh, brudsicb, 
 bas, nadlich, kreids 
 cross-bow, bogaflint 
 cross-cut saw, druuisak 
 cross-eyed, iw'isichtich 
 cross-grained, 
 
 iw'rzwarich 
 cross-road, kreidswak 
 crotchet, hakela 
 
 crotchet needle, 
 
 hakelcha 
 
 croup, shdikflus 
 
 crow, kraa, grob, krup 
 crowbar, heweisa 
 
 crowd, menga 
 
 crown, kron, krons 
 cruel, unmenshlich, 
 grousom 
 
 cruller, fedkech'lch'r 
 crumble, krimla,brekla 
 crumbs, krimla 
 
 crupper, shwSnsrem 
 crush, drika 
 
 crust, grushd orkrusht 
 crusty, krushtich 
 
 cut to pieces 
 
 crutch, krik 
 
 cry, krish, brila, heila, 
 
 greisha or kreisha 
 
 cub, yung'rbar, labli 
 
 cuckoo, gukuk 
 
 cucumber, gum'r, 
 
 gukguua'r 
 
 cud, edrich 
 
 cudgelling, prig'lsup 
 cudgel, prig' I 
 
 cudweed, roorgrout 
 cull, ouslasa 
 
 cultivator, shouflak 
 cumbersome, hinarlich, 
 b shwarlich 
 cunning, sholkhad, 
 shiott 
 
 cup, kelch, kupcha, 
 shrepa 
 
 cupboard, shonk 
 
 cupping-glass, shrepkep 
 curdled, g'runi 
 
 cure, heila, heilmit'l, 
 ' dara 
 
 curious, neigerich 
 
 curl, krul 
 
 curly, krulich 
 
 currants, konstrouwa 
 current, lawf, shdrom 
 currier, led'rfartig- 
 mocli'r 
 curry, shdrigla., 
 
 obshdrigla 
 
 curry-comb, shdrig'l 
 curse, fluch, farflucha, 
 fluclia, shwara 
 curtain, umhong 
 
 curve, dra, bega, boga 
 cushion, kisa 
 
 cuspidor, shbouboka 
 custom, gabrouch, 
 
 moda, kunshoft 
 customary, gabreichlich 
 customers, kuna 
 
 cut, v., hoka, shneida 
 cut, shnit, shneida 
 
 cut down, umhuka 
 cut in, eihoka 
 
 cut out, ousg'bisa, 
 
 ousshneid* 
 cut to pieces, farhoka, 
 
 f rshneida 
 
 308 
 
cutting 
 
 cuttings, sbnip'lch'r, 
 shnitling 
 
 D 
 
 dab, shlog 
 
 daddy, dawdi 
 
 daddy-long-legs, 
 
 shneid'r 
 
 dagzer, dolch 
 
 dahlia, dalya 
 
 daily, oladog. daglich 
 dainties, shlekarei 
 dainty, shnekich 
 
 dairy, milchhous 
 
 daisy, gensblum 
 
 dam, do in 
 
 damage, shawda 
 
 awshtela 
 
 damaged, nodg'lita 
 nodleida 
 
 damn, farflucha 
 
 damp feicht 
 
 dance, dons, dona 
 
 dancer, densar 
 
 dandelion ,bidrasolawd 
 
 keblum, pisa'ed 
 
 dandruf, druka.ded'r 
 
 danger g'for 
 
 dangerous, g'farlich 
 
 dadpled , dib' Idonich 
 
 shekich, flekich 
 
 diblich 
 
 dare, rousfudara 
 
 darfa, woga 
 
 daring, mudich 
 
 dark, dunk'i, finshd'r 
 
 darling, leb'r, lewa 
 
 leb, dMar 
 
 darn, shduba 
 
 darning needle. 
 
 shduhnodd 
 
 dart, peil, fl^ga 
 
 dash, rena 
 
 ditte, daw turn 
 
 daub, soua, shmera 
 
 daughter, duchd'r 
 
 daughter-in-law, sanrn 
 
 shwey'rduchd'r 
 
 son sf raw 
 
 dawn, dogabruch 
 
 dogsawfong. awb-uch 
 
 day, diwg or dog 
 
 day break ( awbruch 
 day-book, dogbuch 
 day laborer, dodrlen'r 
 day's work, dawgwerk 
 deacon, forshstaer 
 dead, dod 
 
 deadly, dadlich 
 
 deadly nightshade, 
 
 nochtshodil 
 deaf, dawb 
 
 deal, dala, hondla 
 
 fardaht, ousdala 
 dealer, houdelsmou 
 dear, hartsich, leb'r 
 lewa, deiar 
 death, dod 
 
 death bed, dod'sbei 
 debauch, farfera 
 
 lederlich mocha 
 debt, shuld 
 
 debtor, shuldnar 
 
 decapitate, kepa 
 
 decay, 
 deceit, 
 ieceive, 
 
 obkepa 
 farfoula 
 badruk 
 heichla 
 hin'rg>a 
 heichlar 
 Dezemb'r 
 orndlich 
 
 deceiver, 
 
 December, 
 
 decent, 
 
 deception, farblenarei 
 
 deceptive, biidreklich 
 
 deck, 
 
 declare, 
 
 Jeclivity, 
 
 decorate, 
 
 ousshmika 
 oussawga 
 hong 
 shamocba 
 
 zera 
 
 decoy, wekluka 
 
 decrease, frklenara 
 wenich'r wara 
 dedicate, eiweia 
 
 dedication, eiweiing 
 denuction, obzug 
 
 doed, dawd 
 
 deep, def 
 
 deer, harsh 
 
 defame, shimp, shimpa 
 default, fola 
 
 defect, falar 
 
 defend, defeodera 
 
 defendant.b' klawchdar 
 defiant, trudsich 
 
 descend 
 
 defiance, rousfudarung 
 trials 
 
 deficiency, ousfol 
 
 defraud, badreya 
 
 defy, rousfudara 
 
 degenerated, ousg'ord 
 degree, shdond 
 
 dejected, mudlos 
 
 nidarg'shloga 
 dekalogue, zagabuda 
 delay, owshtaa, farzega 
 deliberate, b'rodshloga 
 b'rawda 
 
 delicacy, shlek'rwasa 
 shlekarei 
 
 delicate, zimbarlich 
 delicious, obaditlich 
 delight, lushda 
 
 delightful, awgalusht 
 awganam 
 delirious, farward 
 delirium tremens, 
 
 soufgichdara 
 deliver, freimocha 
 bafreia, iw'rlefara 
 deliverance, bafreiung 
 deluge, sindflut 
 
 demand, n awshpruch 
 f^longa, fudra 
 v. bagara 
 
 Democrat, Demograwt 
 denied, obg'shprucha 
 obg'sawd 
 denomination, 
 
 banenung 
 
 dense, dik 
 
 dentist, zadukd'r 
 
 deny, oblagla, lagla 
 
 f'rlagla 
 
 depart, fortga, obrasa 
 
 obreisa, obweicha 
 
 depend, frlusa 
 
 dependent, o'ohenkih 
 
 deplore, b'klawga 
 
 b'yomraa 
 
 depress, unardrika 
 
 depth, defung 
 
 deride, farshbuia, 
 
 frlocha 
 
 derision, shbut 
 
 dermis, fel 
 
 descend, obshteiga 
 
 309 
 
descendant 
 
 descendant, 
 
 nochkemling 
 
 descended, harshtoma 
 
 desert, frlusa 
 
 deserve, fardena 
 
 design, zwek, plawn 
 
 desire, sana, lushdara, 
 
 bagar, bagara, 
 
 f rlonga 
 
 desirous, bagerich, 
 lushdarich 
 
 desk, dest 
 
 ir, farzawga, 
 hofnunglos 
 despicable; lumpich, 
 nidardrechdich 
 despise, frochta 
 
 despised, farhosd, 
 
 f rocht, f rnumft 
 despond, farzawga 
 destroy, fardorwa, 
 f rhousa, f rnichda 
 detach, losmocha 
 
 detain, ufholda 
 
 detect, ousfina 
 
 deteriorated, ousg'ord 
 determine, fornema 
 detest, hosa 
 
 detestable, ob*sheilich 
 detract, dafun nema 
 deuce, zwed'r 
 
 deviate, obweicha 
 
 device, plawn 
 
 devil, deiw'l 
 
 devoid, lar 
 
 devote argewa 
 
 devour, f rzara 
 
 devout, from 
 
 dew, daw 
 
 diabolical, sawtonish 
 diagonal, shraks 
 
 diagram, obris 
 
 dial, ooragasiciid, 
 
 zifarblawd, sunacor 
 diamond, damond 
 
 diaper, wind' 
 
 diaphanous, 
 
 dorchshimara 
 
 diarrhoea, dorchlawf, 
 
 roor 
 
 diary, dorchsichtich. 
 dogbuch 
 
 dice, warna 
 
 dictate, forsawga 
 
 die, shdarwa 
 
 died, drufg'shnopt 
 differ, net iw' rans 
 
 shdima 
 difference, unarshid 
 difficult, hort, hord 
 diffident, blad 
 
 dig, gruba, grawba 
 digest, fardoua 
 
 dig out, ousmocha 
 
 dilapidated, roplich, 
 bouchfelig 
 
 diligent, emsich,fleisich 
 dim, blad, dreb, unklor 
 dime, zaa bens 
 
 diminish, frklenara 
 dine, es 
 
 dining-room, es-shdub, 
 
 folshhad 
 
 dinner, midogesa 
 
 dip, shepa 
 
 diphtheria, fc^ulhols 
 dip-net, habgorn 
 
 dipper, shepbol 
 
 direct, grawd, oweisa, 
 richta 
 direction, gagend, 
 
 richtung 
 dirt, drek, unrod 
 
 dirtiness, seiarei 
 
 dirty, drekich, farsoua 
 frshmerd 
 disadvantage, shawda 
 disagree, unanich sei 
 disagreeing, unanich 
 disappear, farshwina 
 disappeared, farshwuna 
 disappoint, awfera 
 disappointed, awg'ferd 
 disavowed, obg'shwora 
 disbelief, - unglawb 
 discharge, bafredicha, 
 loslusa, n. bafreiung, 
 obshika 
 discharge, (gun) 
 
 obshesa, losshesa 
 discharged, loskuma 
 disciple, ying'r,shoolar 
 discontented , f ' rlat 
 discontinue, obshofa 
 
 distemper 
 
 discord, unanichkad 
 discourage, obshreka 
 discover, ousfina 
 
 discuss, iw' rshwetsa, 
 obhondla 
 kronkhad 
 disgrace, shimp, shont, 
 shimpa 
 disgraceful, shendlicli, 
 shontbawr 
 disguise, frglada 
 
 disgust, es akelt mer, 
 akel 
 
 disgusting, wid' rlich 
 dish, shisil 
 
 dish cloth, shbellumpa 
 dishes, g'shar 
 
 disheartened, mudlos 
 disheveled, shdruwlich, 
 farshtruw'ld 
 dishonest, unarlich 
 dishonor, b'shimba, 
 shimp, shimpa 
 dish-pan, shbelshisl 
 dish-water, shbelwos'r 
 dislike ; feindshoft, 
 hosa 
 
 dislocate, f rsetza, 
 
 ousnonarmocha 
 dismiss, otsedsa, lusa, 
 ousga 
 
 dismount, ousshteiga, 
 obshteiga 
 disobedient, 
 
 ungahorsom 
 disobey, net folga 
 
 displace, f rsetza 
 
 displease, misfola 
 
 disposition, mud 
 
 dissolve, fargaa, 
 
 frshmelza 
 disspirited, 
 
 nidarg'shloga 
 
 dissuade, obroda, 
 
 obwara 
 
 distaff, warkgow'l 
 
 distance, we weit 
 
 distaste, akel 
 
 distastefulness, 
 
 akelhefdickkeid 
 
 distemper, kronkhad, 
 
 kronk mocha 
 
 310 
 
distilled 
 
 eagerness 
 
 distilled, gedishd'lerd doughy, dagich drown, frsafa 
 
 distillery, breuareii dove, doub 
 
 drowned, farsufa 
 
 distinct, deitlich 
 
 down, nidar, nunar, 
 
 druggist, obadak'r 
 
 distress, nod, drebsawl 
 
 run'r, n. milchhor 
 
 drugstore, obadak 
 
 distressed, kimmarlich 
 
 down hill, bargnun'r 
 
 drum, drum 
 
 district, bazark, 
 
 dozen, dudsenc 
 
 drunk, g' sufa 
 
 londshoft 
 
 drag away, frshlafa 
 
 drunkard, trunkebold, 
 
 distrust, misdroua 
 
 drag-net, shlafgorn 
 
 farsufn'r, sif r, 
 
 distrustful, misdrouish 
 
 dragon, droch 
 
 souflod'l 
 
 disturb, farshtara 
 
 dram, shnops 
 
 dry, dara, awdara, 
 
 ditch, grub, grawb 
 
 draw, zeya, zega, 
 
 drika, druka 
 
 divide, obdala, ousdala 
 
 obmola 
 
 dry-beef, kwolaflash 
 
 fardala 
 
 drawer, shewar, 
 
 dry up, ufdrikla 
 
 divination, worsawga, 
 
 shublawd 
 
 dubious, b'denklich, 
 
 forharsa'n 
 
 drawers, unarhusa 
 
 umb'shdimd 
 
 divorce, shad a 
 
 drawing-knife, 
 
 duck, ent 
 
 divorced, g'shada 
 
 shneidmes'r 
 
 duckling, entcha 
 
 dizzy, dorffllich 
 
 drawl, lorbsa 
 
 dude, frotzhons 
 
 do, doo, dooa 
 
 drawling, lorbsich 
 
 dudish, frotsich 
 
 dock, obkartsa, 
 
 dread, bongichkad, 
 
 due, shuldich 
 
 holwargoul 
 
 forchd 
 
 dug, g'grawba 
 
 doctor, dukk'r,duktara 
 
 dreadful, farchdorlich, 
 
 dull, shdump, dum 
 
 dodder, flokseida 
 
 grislich 
 
 dullard, mupskub 
 
 dodged, shdoucha 
 
 dream, drawm 
 
 dumb, shdum 
 
 doe, dom, harsh 
 
 dress, awklada, klad, 
 
 dummy, shdromon, 
 
 dog, hunt 
 
 klada 
 
 shdum' r 
 
 dogbane, hunsgrout 
 
 dresser, awrichtdish 
 
 dnn, broungal 
 
 dog-days, hunsdoga 
 
 dress up, uf budsa 
 
 dunce, mupskub, 
 
 dollar, dawlar 
 
 dribble, drepsla 
 
 dumkub 
 
 doll, bub'l 
 
 dried, gadard 
 
 dung, mishd,ousmishda 
 
 domestic, heislich 
 
 dried up, fardard 
 
 durable, dou'rhoft 
 
 donate, b'shenka, 
 
 drift, drift 
 
 duration, dou'r 
 
 shenka 
 
 drifted, zug'blosa 
 
 dusk, dushd'r 
 
 done, fardich, gadoo, 
 
 drill, drila, shdabora 
 
 dust, shdawb 
 
 gadua 
 
 drink, drinka, n.tronk, 
 
 duster, obwishar 
 
 donor, shenkar 
 
 gadrenk, v. soufa 
 
 dusty, shdawwich 
 
 door, dar 
 
 drink up, oussoufa 
 
 Dutch, Holandish 
 
 door-mat, shubuds'r 
 
 drive, awdreiwa, fawrd 
 
 Dutch-cheese, 
 
 dormer-window, 
 
 yawga, fera, dreiwa, 
 
 shdinkkas 
 
 dochfensht'r 
 
 fawra 
 
 dutiful, gahorsom 
 
 dose, dos 
 
 drive in, eiyawga 
 
 duty, pflicht, 5bdrog 
 
 dot, punkt, dibla, 
 
 drive off, fardreiwa 
 
 dwarf, zwarch 
 
 double, adj. dubl'd, 
 
 driver, dreiwar,furmon 
 
 dwell, wona 
 
 fardup'lt, v. dubla 
 
 drive together, 
 
 dwelling, woning 
 
 doubt, zweif'l 
 
 beiyawga 
 
 dye, , farwa 
 
 doubtful, umb'shdimd, 
 
 drizzle, drepsla, newla 
 
 dyer, fiirw'r 
 
 zweif Ihoft 
 
 drop, druba, drubsa 
 
 dysentery, dorchlawf, 
 
 doubtless, ousgemocht 
 
 dropsy, wos'rsucht 
 
 roor 
 
 dough, dag 
 
 dross, homarshlog 
 
 
 doughnuts, fawsnocht- 
 
 drouth, drikning 
 
 
 kucha, fedkech'lch'r 
 
 drove, hard 
 
 each, yadar 
 
 dough-tray, bokmol 
 
 drover, dreiwar 
 
 eagerness, bagerichket 
 
 311 
 
evade 
 
 eager, in arnsht, 
 
 elegant, hibsch, sha 
 
 enjoined, awbafola 
 
 hitsich, bagerich 
 
 elephant, elafond 
 
 enjoy, arfrei, b'sidsa 
 
 eagle, awdlar 
 
 elevator, alawatar 
 
 enlarge, fargrasara 
 
 ear, or, kulwa (corn) 
 
 eleven, elfa 
 
 enlarged, fargras'rd 
 
 ear box, orfeik 
 
 Elias, llei 
 
 enlist, lishda 
 
 early, fre, zeitlich 
 
 elongate, shdreka 
 
 enmity, feindshoft 
 
 earn, fardena 
 
 elope, dorchgaa 
 
 enormously, 
 
 earnest, arnsht, eifrich 
 
 elude, ousweicha 
 
 tardeihenkert 
 
 earnestness, eifar 
 
 elves, elbadritsha 
 
 enough, ganunk 
 
 earnings, fardiensht 
 
 emaciate, obmawgarii 
 
 enroll, eishreiwa 
 
 earth, ard or erd 
 
 emaciated, obg' /art 
 
 entangle, farwikla 
 
 earthen, arda 
 
 emancipate, losiusa 
 
 enter, neiga 
 
 earthenware, g' sh ar 
 
 embalm, balsoinera 
 
 entertain, ufnauia 
 
 earthquake, ardbabung 
 
 embark, eishiia 
 
 entice, awlukajnitlfika 
 
 earth worm, ragaworm 
 
 ember-days, kwotemb'r 
 
 entire. gons 
 
 east, oshda, gaa morya 
 
 emblem, sinbild 
 
 entirely, genslich, gons 
 
 Easter, Oshd'r 
 
 embrace, b'hart.za, 
 
 entrails, ingaweida 
 
 Easter Monday, 
 
 umorma, awuama 
 
 entrance, eifawrd, 
 
 Oshd'r Mondog 
 
 embroider, ousnaa 
 
 eigong 
 
 easy, leicht 
 
 emerge, rous kuma 
 
 entrust, awfartroua 
 
 eat, es, fresa 
 
 emetic, borgerung 
 
 entry, eigong, gong 
 
 eaves, dochdruf 
 
 emigrant, ouswondrar 
 
 envied, targunt, 
 
 echo, shol 
 
 emmet, ernens 
 
 misfargunt, oustesha 
 
 eclipse, finshd'rnis 
 
 emotion, b'wagunj;, 
 
 envious, neidich 
 
 eclipsed, farfinsht'rd 
 
 emperor, keisar 
 
 envy, neid, misguiishd 
 
 economical, shbawrsom 
 
 employer, baws 
 
 epiglottis, zebcha 
 
 economize, f'rshbawra 
 
 employment, shdel ) epiFepsy.foledkronkhad 
 
 eden, porades 
 
 empty, ousnema, lar, 
 
 epsom salt, english solz 
 
 edge, n. shneid,v. sawm 
 
 ouslara. 
 
 equal, gleich 
 
 educate, ufzega 
 
 enclose, eifensa, 
 
 equalize, gleicha 
 
 educated, ousgalarnt 
 
 eisblesii 
 
 equilibrium, 
 
 education, laming 
 
 encourage, zushbrecha, 
 
 gleichg'wicht 
 
 eel, ol 
 
 ufmundrii 
 
 equip, rishta 
 
 effect, rera, nochfulga 
 
 encouraged , 
 
 equitable, gfirecht 
 
 effecting, rerend 
 
 zug'shpruuha 
 
 equity, garechtichkad 
 
 effeminate, weiwish 
 
 end, . end, shlu> 
 
 eradicate, ousruta, 
 
 effigy, bildnis, 
 
 endive, endefi, ondati 
 
 furdilya, iw'rous 
 
 shdondbild 
 
 endorse, unarshreiwti 
 
 erase, ouskrotsa 
 
 effort, farsuch, arwet 
 
 endure, ousholda. 
 
 erect, ufdu, ur boua 
 
 e gs * pi- ^ r 
 
 shtanda, ousshtuu, 
 
 ergot, brond 
 
 eight, 5cht 
 
 enemy, feiu<. 
 
 error, i'alar 
 
 eighteen, ochtza 
 
 enforce, b'zweng.i, 
 
 eruption, ou^fawring 
 
 eighty, ochzich 
 
 engage, frbin,, 
 
 erysipelas, wndt'eiar 
 
 ejaculation, kortsg'bad 
 
 engaged, awg'nunn 
 
 escaped, dorohg' widsht 
 
 elbow, elboga 
 
 engine, mosln'u 
 
 escapement, unroo 
 
 elder, hul'r, eldesht'r 
 
 engineer, inshinerr 
 
 :state, hmarluslshoft 
 
 (of a church) 
 
 English, Englisii 
 
 i.steem, hoclioclita,ocht 
 
 elecampane, 515nsworz' I 
 
 Englishman, Engleu'f 
 
 ternal, ,-uvich 
 
 holondworz' i 
 
 -ngraver,bild'rshdech' i- 
 
 jternity, awiohkeid 
 
 elect, wala 
 
 engraving, bil< 
 
 evacuate, ous ara, 
 
 elected, neig'shtimt 
 
 kup'rsticli 
 
 t" r;usa 
 
 election, >/awl 
 
 jnjoin, eishari. 
 
 evade, ousweiciia 
 
 312 
 
evaded 
 
 evaded, ousg'wicha 
 
 even, awa, sogawr 
 
 event, foriol, zufol, 
 
 arfolg 
 
 ever, im'r, awich 
 
 everlasting, reiblum, 
 
 im'rwarend 
 
 every day, oladog 
 
 every one, yadar 
 
 every time, olamol 
 everywhere, iw'rol 
 evident, ufnbawr 
 
 evil, iwel, bas 
 
 evil doer, iw'ldad'r 
 ewe, mud'rshof 
 
 exact, ganou, pinktlioh 
 exactly, yushtfament, 
 grawd 
 
 exaggerated, iw'rdriwa 
 exalt. arhaa 
 
 examine, dorchsana 
 example, beishbel 
 
 exceedingly, iw'rous 
 excel, iw'rdrefa 
 
 excelled, iw'rdrufa 
 excellent, fordreflich 
 except, ousnema 
 
 excepted, ousg'nuina 
 exchange, weks'la, 
 rum weks'la 
 
 excise, obdrog 
 
 excite, ufraga, ufrera 
 excited, eifrich 
 
 exclaim, ousrufa 
 
 exclude, ousshlesa 
 
 excluded, ousg'shlusa 
 excrement, shdulgong 
 excuse, n. eiwening. 
 
 ousrad. v. f rklawga 
 execute, ousfera 
 
 exempt, frei 
 
 exercise, ewa, ousewa, 
 
 ousewung, bawagung 
 exhort, armawna 
 
 exoneration, bafreiung 
 expect, zumuda 
 
 expectation, hofnung, 
 oussicht 
 
 expend, ouslaga 
 
 expenses, kushda 
 
 expensive, kushtbawr 
 expert, gashikd 
 
 experience, farsucha, 
 arfawrung 
 
 expire, ouslawtli 
 
 explain, ouslaga 
 
 explanation, nochweis 
 explicitly, ousdriklich 
 explode, f rshpringa 
 expose, rousshdela, 
 ouslaga 
 
 exposition, ouslagung 
 expositor, ouslagar 
 expression, ousdruk 
 expressly, ousdriklich 
 extend, shdreka,lengra 
 extinguish, frlesha, 
 lesha 
 
 extinguished, ousgonga 
 
 extirpate, ousdilya, 
 
 ousruta 
 
 c3tra costs, nawakushta 
 extraordinary, 
 
 fardeihenkert 
 extravagant, iw' rmasich 
 eye, awg 
 
 eyebrows, awgabroa 
 eyelid, awgadek'l 
 
 eyelash, awgal^or 
 
 eye of a needle, ar 
 
 F 
 
 fable, fawb'l,g'shitchta 
 
 fabricate, boua, mocha 
 
 face, awg'sicht, gasichd 
 
 awgaaicht 
 
 fact, dawd 
 
 faculty, kroft, tolent, 
 faichkad, gawb 
 fade, obblacha 
 
 faded, obg'shusa 
 
 fagged, med 
 
 fail, farfala, fala 
 
 faint, mot, omechtich, 
 shwoch, umechtich 
 fainting, enksterich 
 fainting fit, 
 
 umechtich wara 
 faintness, motichkad 
 fair, sha, hel (of a day), 
 arlich 
 
 faith, glawb 
 
 faitbful, gadrei or 
 
 gatrei trei 
 
 fate 
 
 faithless, treiloa 
 
 fall, fol, shdardsa, 
 harbsht, shbotyor 
 fall asleep, eishlofa 
 fallen, g'fola 
 
 fall (headlong) 
 
 he'shtardsa 
 
 fall (in rank), awreia 
 fall into slumber, 
 
 eishiumra 
 
 fall off, obtola 
 
 fall (of man), sindafol 
 fallow, brocha 
 
 fallowed, g'felkd 
 
 fall upon, awfola 
 
 fall through, dorchfola 
 false, folsh, unrichtich 
 falsehood, leg, folsh had 
 falsity, folshhad 
 
 familiar, b'kond 
 
 family, fawmilya 
 
 famine, hung'rsnod 
 famished, ouskuug'rd 
 famous, barcmd 
 
 fancy, eibildung, e.fol, 
 eibilda 
 
 fang, fong.awn 
 
 far, weit 
 
 fare, kusht, awknma, 
 
 esa, faw geld 
 
 farewell, farawel, 
 
 lawawol 
 
 farm, bouarei, blods, 
 v. boura 
 
 farmer, bou'r 
 
 farming, bourashtond 
 farming implements, 
 
 bouragaradsheft 
 farrier, geilsdukd'r 
 farthing, friing 
 
 fascinate. buna 
 
 fashion, moda 
 
 fast, fesht, f'.aht, 
 
 foshta, gash wind 
 fast day, bad-dog 
 
 fasten, b'feshdicha 
 fasten (by tendrils), 
 
 awronka 
 
 fastidious, shuekich 
 fat, fed 
 
 fatal, dadlioh 
 
 fate, 
 
 313 
 
father 
 
 flatter 
 
 father, fot'r, dawdy | ferbent, hitsich 
 
 finish, fSrdichmocha, 
 
 father-in-law, shwar, 
 
 ferment, gar a 
 
 b'shlesa 
 
 shwey'rfot'r 
 
 fermented, geyora 
 
 fipenny bit, fip 
 
 fatigued, med 
 
 fern, fawrawn 
 
 fire, feiar 
 
 fatten, meshda,uffedra, 
 
 ferry, iw' rsetsa 
 
 firebrand, fei'rbrond 
 
 awfedara 
 
 fertile, fruchtbawr, 
 
 fired oflF, losg'shusa, 
 
 fattening, moshd 
 
 reich 
 
 obg'shusa 
 
 fatty, fedich 
 
 festival, fesht 
 
 firefly, fei'rfog'l 
 
 faucet, zopa 
 
 fetch, beihola, hola 
 
 fire off, losshesa 
 
 fault, falar, shuld 
 
 fetch along, mitbringa 
 
 fireplace, fei'rhard 
 
 favor, shuna, g'fola, 
 
 fetlock, hoof h or 
 
 fire, to start a, feiura, 
 
 bagnawdicha, 
 
 fever, few'r 
 
 uifeiara 
 
 g'felichkad 
 
 fever and ague, 
 
 firm, shdondhoft 
 
 favored, b'lebt 
 
 kolt few'r 
 
 first, fedarshd, arsht, 
 
 favorite air, leibshtik 
 
 few, wenich, edlicha, 
 
 zuarshd, olararsht, 
 
 fawn, shmachla, kolb 
 
 pawr 
 
 fornamshd 
 
 harshkoo 
 
 fickle, wonk'lmedich 
 
 fish, ong'la 
 
 fear, farchda, forohd, 
 
 fiddle, geik 
 
 fishbones, fishkrawna 
 
 furcht, bongichkad 
 
 fiddler, geig' r 
 
 fishery, fisharei 
 
 fearful, shreklich,bong, 
 
 fiddle stick, fidelboga 
 
 fishhook, ong'l 
 
 farchdarlich 
 
 fidgety, unrooich 
 
 fishing, fisha 
 
 feast, fesht 
 
 field, feld 
 
 fish net, fishgorn 
 
 feather, fed'r 
 
 field fares, feldhink'l 
 
 fish oil, dron 
 
 featherbed, fed'rdek, 
 
 fiend, bas feind, deiw'l 
 
 fish rod, fishgad 
 
 dekbed 
 
 fierce, wild 
 
 fish scales, shupa 
 
 feather-case, bebzech 
 
 fiery, feirich 
 
 fissure, rie 
 
 feather-duster, 
 
 fife, peif 
 
 fist, fousht 
 
 fled'rwish 
 
 fifteen, fufza 
 
 fit v., fita, awbosa, 
 
 feather few, mad'rla 
 
 fifty, fufzich 
 
 awfita 
 
 February, Febrawawr, 
 
 fig, feig 
 
 fit, n. gichtar, bakwam 
 
 Horning 
 
 fight, awfechta, fechta, 
 
 fitted on, awg'fid 
 
 fee, bezawlung, lo 
 
 g'fecht 
 
 fitted up, g'shtiweld 
 
 feed, fud'r, fedra 
 
 figure, zifar 
 
 five, finf 
 
 feel, b'fela, fela 
 
 figwort, brounworz'l 
 
 fix, foshtmocha, bes'ra, 
 
 feeling, g'fel 
 
 filberts, hos'lnis 
 
 farzimara 
 
 feet, fes 
 
 file, awfeila, feila, fell 
 
 fixed, eig'richt 
 
 felloe, felya 
 
 filial, kindlich 
 
 flag, fawna, 
 
 fellow, karl 
 
 fill, awfila, fiilmocha 
 
 shwartli (plant) 
 
 fellow feeling, mitg'fel 
 
 fillings, fils'l 
 
 flail, dreshfleg'l, fleg'l 
 
 fellowman, mitbrud'r, 
 
 fill up, nochfila 
 
 flake, fluk 
 
 mitmensh 
 
 filly, fil 
 
 flame, flom 
 
 felly, felya 
 
 filter, dorchBeiha 
 
 flank, flong, seita, 
 
 felon, basding, 
 
 filth, drek 
 
 flongera 
 
 farbrech'r 
 
 fin, flusfed'r 
 
 flannel, flonel 
 
 female, weibsmensh, 
 
 finally, zuleshd, zum 
 
 flare, flakara 
 
 weibsbild 
 
 shlus, endlich 
 
 flaring, flokarich 
 
 female cat, kits' n 
 
 find, b'keschdicka, fina 
 
 flash, blids, shdrawl 
 
 female (of birds) 
 
 finder, fin'r 
 
 flask, bud' Icha, flush 
 
 weibcha 
 
 fine, shdrof, shdrofa 
 
 flat, floch 
 
 fence, fens 
 
 finger, fing'r 
 
 flat-iron, big'lelsa 
 
 fence panel, g'foch 
 
 finger stall, fing'rling 
 
 flatter, awshmachla, 
 
 fennel, fenchel 
 
 finished, fardich 
 
 shmachla 
 
 314 
 
flattering 
 
 frivolities 
 
 flattering, shmachlich 
 
 folly, norashdrach 
 
 fortnight, fardsadawg 
 
 flaw, falar 
 
 fond, garn howa,farlebt 
 
 fortune, klik 
 
 flax, floks food, esa 
 
 fortune teller, 
 
 flax comb, flokshakel 
 
 fool, nor, zwik'l 
 
 woretsawg'r 
 
 flay, obzega, obshina, 
 
 fool away, bembla 
 
 forward, forwidsich 
 
 shina 
 
 fooled, g'foold 
 
 foster, pflach 
 
 flayed, g' shun a 
 
 foolish, daricht, narish, 
 
 found, g' funa 
 
 flea, flo, pi. fla 
 
 afeldich 
 
 founder, gesar 
 
 flea wcrt, flagrout 
 
 foolishness, 
 
 fountain, kwel 
 
 flecked, duplich 
 
 narishg' sh weds 
 
 four, fera 
 
 fledged, flik 
 
 foot, fus 
 
 fourteen, farza 
 
 flee, dorchgaa, flega 
 
 foot-bridge, shdak 
 
 fourth, fart'l, fert 
 
 fleet, shnel 
 
 footmarks, tropa 
 
 fowling piece. shesg' war 
 
 flesh, flash 
 
 foot measure, mesrom 
 
 fox, fuks, pi. fiks 
 
 flexible, lumarich | foot rule, zulshdawb 
 
 fox and geese, kreidsinel 
 
 flicker, flokara 
 
 fop, frotzhons 
 
 fox (boots), awshooa 
 
 flickering, flokarich 
 
 Ibppish, frotsich 
 
 fox grapes, 
 
 flight, flucht 
 
 for, fr 
 
 shbekdrouwa 
 
 flint, gun, feiarshta 
 
 forbearance, longmood 
 
 fragrant, gudreehich 
 
 flitch, seidaflash 
 
 forbearing, longmedich 
 
 frame, gashtolt 
 
 float, iw'rshwema, 
 
 forbid, farbeda 
 
 fraud, badruk 
 
 shwiraa 
 
 forbidden, farbuta 
 
 freckled, sum'rflekich 
 
 flock, hard 
 
 force, zwenga, kroft, 
 
 freckles, sum'rfleka 
 
 flood, iw"rshwerning, 
 
 g'wolt 
 
 Frederick, Frids 
 
 flud 
 
 forced, g'mist 
 
 free, frei, bafreia, 
 
 floor, nor 
 
 force through, 
 
 freigewa 
 
 florist, blumaken'r 
 
 dorchzwenga 
 
 freedom, freihad 
 
 flounce, folblo 
 
 foreboding, forshtelung 
 
 freeholder, londagn'r 
 
 flour, mal 
 
 forefathers, forelt'ra, 
 
 freely, freiwilich 
 
 flour of sulphur, 
 
 forfat' r 
 
 Free Mason, Freimourar 
 
 shwew'lbled 
 
 forefeet, fedrafes 
 
 freeze, frera, farfrera 
 
 flower, blum 
 
 forehead, shdarn 
 
 French, Fronzaish 
 
 flowing, flesend 
 
 foreign, ouslendish 
 
 French-clover, 
 
 fluent, flesend 
 
 foreign country, 
 
 hawsa-gla 
 
 flummery, gromons'l 
 
 ouslond 
 
 frequently, heifich, 
 
 fly, mik, flega 
 
 foreigner, ouslen'r 
 
 uft, olgebut 
 
 fly-brush, mikarwarar 
 
 foreleg, fedraba 
 
 fresh, frish 
 
 fly-net, mikag'shar 
 
 foremost, fedarshd 
 
 fret, brudsa 
 
 foal, hudsh, hudshli 
 
 forename, fornawma 
 
 Friday, Freid5g 
 
 foam, shoum 
 
 foresee, forsana 
 
 friend, freind 
 
 fodder, fud'r 
 
 forest, bush 
 
 friendly, freindlich, 
 
 fog, new'l 
 
 foretold, gaprufazeid 
 
 ploudarich 
 
 foggy, newlich 
 
 forfeit, farwarka 
 
 friendship, freindshoft 
 
 fogyism, old leiar 
 
 forge, nochmocha 
 
 fright, furcht, shreka 
 
 fold, eifolda, fold, 
 
 forged, nochg mocht 
 
 frighten, fargelshtara, 
 
 zomalaga 
 
 forget, fargesa,f rlarna 
 
 sheia 
 
 foliage, lawb 
 
 forgive, fargewa 
 
 fringe, frons'l, 
 
 folks, fulk, leit 
 
 for it, d'rfor 
 
 ousfronsla 
 
 follow, folga, nochga, 
 
 fork, gowel 
 
 fringed, farfrons'lt, 
 
 / nochfulga 
 
 formerly, zufor 
 
 fronslich 
 
 follower, awhengar 
 
 for sale, fal 
 
 fritters, ponakucha 
 
 follow up, nodrochda 
 
 for this time, desmol 
 
 frivolities, dumhada 
 
 315 
 
frivolous 
 
 giddy 
 
 frivolous, leichtsinich 
 
 Q 
 
 gate- way, eifawrd 
 
 frock, gound 
 
 VJ 
 
 gather, ufpika, somla, 
 
 frog, friish 
 
 gabble, shnotra 
 
 beig'lufa, beikuma, 
 
 frolic, shbre, grushd, 
 
 gable, gi^'l 
 
 rupa 
 
 f rlushdera, shbos 
 
 gable-end, giw'lend 
 
 gathers, folda 
 
 from, fun, fum 
 
 gad, umharlawfa, 
 
 gauge (to measure) 
 
 from it, d'rfun 
 
 rumlawfa 
 
 rundmas'l 
 
 front, forna 
 
 gad fly, nisshis'r 
 
 gauges (plums) 
 
 frost, reifa 
 
 gag, 's moul zu bina, 
 
 kwedsha 
 
 frost grapes, reifdrouw a 
 
 knew'l, knew' la 
 
 gawk, shling'l 
 
 froth, shawm or shoum 
 
 gage, mesa, ousmesa 
 
 gay, lushdich, Iabh5ft 
 
 frown, finshd'rblik 
 
 gain, brofit, awshofa, 
 
 gear, shdrong, g'shar, 
 
 frozen, g'frora 
 
 g'win 
 
 geils-g'shar 
 
 frugal, shbawrsom. 
 
 gall, gol 
 
 geld, shneida 
 
 masich 
 
 gallery, bordkarch 
 
 gelder, seishnit'r 
 
 fruit, obsht 
 
 gallon, gol 
 
 gem, ad'lshda 
 
 fruitful, fruchtbawr 
 
 gallows, golga 
 
 general, feldh,r 
 
 fruit tree, obshtbawm 
 
 gamble, gemla 
 
 generally , g' wanlich , 
 
 fry, broda 
 full, ful 
 
 gambler, shbelar, 
 gemlar 
 
 gabreichlich, olgema 
 generate, zeiga, arzeiga 
 
 full-cheeked, dikbokich 
 
 gambrel, hasahuls 
 
 generation, gashlecht, 
 
 full moon, fullicht 
 
 game-cock, fechthawna 
 
 menshaold'r 
 
 full of holes, lecharich 
 
 game, shbel, wilbret 
 
 generosity, grosmud, 
 
 full weight, 
 
 gammon shunka 
 
 ad'lmud 
 
 shwarg'wicht 
 
 gamon, g'shmokd'r- 
 
 generous, freigewich 
 
 fully, felich 
 
 hinarshunka 
 
 genial, woldooend, 
 
 fulminate, blidsa 
 
 gander, gonsard 
 
 geishtreich 
 
 fun, shbos, g' shbos 
 
 gang, drub, bond 
 
 genius, nawdurgawb, 
 
 fund, geldsum 
 
 gangrene, knuchafraws 
 
 tolent 
 
 funeral, leicht, 
 
 brond 
 
 genteel, sonftmedich, 
 
 b'grebnis 
 
 gap, efning, lik 
 
 monerlich 
 
 funnel, drecht'r 
 
 gape, moulufshbarii 
 
 gentian, dousendgil da- 
 
 funnel cake, 
 
 garbage, obfol 
 
 grout 
 
 drechd'rkucha 
 
 garden, gawrda 
 
 gentility, monerlichkad 
 
 funny, lecharlich 
 
 garden beds, len'r 
 
 gentle, sonftmedich, 
 
 fur, bels 
 
 gardener, gardl'r, 
 
 sonft 
 
 furbelow, folbloj gardn'r 
 
 gentleness, sonftmood 
 
 furious, rawsig, wedich \ gargle, gorg'l. 
 
 George, Jorch 
 
 furnace, ufa, fornis, hols ous shwenka 
 
 germ, keim 
 
 shmelsufajgargol, flindasheft, fina 
 
 German, Deitchlen'r, 
 
 furnish, eirichta j garland, blumakron.s, 
 
 Deitsh 
 
 furnished, eig'riclit krons 
 
 Germany, Deutshlond 
 
 furnish (food) b'kesch- garlic, knuwluch 
 
 germinate, keirna 
 
 dicha, f rkeschdicha garment, glad 
 
 get, grick 
 
 furniture, housrod garret, ewarsht 
 
 get (one's affections) 
 
 furrow, forchdj shbeich'r 
 
 awmocha 
 
 furrow out, ousfTirch da j garrison, monshof't 
 
 ghost, shbooks, geisht 
 
 fury, raw^arei ! garter, shdrurapbend'l 
 
 giant, res 
 
 fuss, larm j garter-snake, shdrafich- 
 future, zukuufti shlong 
 
 gibbet, glgi 
 giddiness, dorm'l, 
 
 fuzz, fus 'rjgash, def rshnit, wund 
 
 shwind'l 
 
 fuzzy, fusrich j gate, dor, darly 
 
 giddy, dormlicli 
 
 316 
 
gift 
 
 gripe 
 
 gift, gawb, g'shenk 
 
 gnaw, farbeisa, nawga, 
 
 granary, fruchtkom'r 
 
 gild, fargulda, gulda 
 
 knowara 
 
 grand, gros, grosordich 
 
 gilding, farguldung 
 
 gnaw at, awfresa 
 
 grandchild, kinskind 
 
 gill, fishor 
 
 gnome, ardgeisht 
 
 granddad, grandad 
 
 gimlet, nog'lbora 
 
 go, lawf, ga 
 
 granddaughter, enkelin 
 
 ginger, imbar 
 
 goal, zel 
 
 grandfather, grosfot'r 
 
 ginger-cake, labkucha 
 
 goal (of life) labeszel 
 
 grandmother, 
 
 gipsy, zeyein'r 
 
 goat, gas, gasbuk (he) 
 
 grosmud' r 
 
 girl, madcha, pi. mad 
 
 gobbler, welshawna 
 
 grandson, enkel 
 
 girth, sod'lgird 
 
 goblet, heukaglos 
 
 granivorous, 
 
 give, b'shenka, shenka 
 
 God. Gut 
 
 grawsfresend 
 
 give ear to, farhara, 
 
 God-father, pedar 
 
 grant, arlawb 
 
 obhara 
 
 God-mother, god 
 
 grape, droub 
 
 given, gewa 
 
 going backward, 
 
 grapevine, drouwashtuk 
 
 give notice to quit, 
 
 krebsgong 
 
 grasp, awgreifa, 
 
 ousbeda 
 
 gold, guld 
 
 awpoka 
 
 gizzard, krup 
 
 golden mean, mid'lmos 
 
 grass, graws 
 
 glad, fro 
 
 golden rod, wundgrout, 
 
 grasshopper, hoishrek'r 
 
 gladden, arfrei 
 
 blobargar ta 
 
 grate, knarsha, reiwa 
 
 gladly, garn 
 
 golden tincture, 
 
 grateful, donkbawr 
 
 glance, blik 
 
 guldendoor 
 
 grater, reiweisa 
 
 glanders, awich-rudsar 
 
 gone, gonga 
 
 gratitude, donkbawrkad 
 
 glass, glaws 
 
 gonorrhoea, fronzosa 
 
 grave, grawb 
 
 glazing, glesur 
 
 good, brawf, gut 1 grave-digger, 
 
 glebe, ardshula 
 
 good-for-nothing, 
 
 grawbmoch'r 
 
 glee, lusbdichkad, 
 
 unnids, niksnuts 
 
 gravel, grub'r sond 
 
 freida 
 
 Good Friday, j grave-yard, karchhof 
 
 glide, ousridsKa 
 
 Korfreidogj gravy, bre, dunkes 
 
 glide from, obriisha 
 
 goods, wawrlgray, gro 
 
 glimmer, shimara I goose, gons, pi. gens 
 
 graze, obwada 
 
 glimpse, blik 
 
 gooseberry, grus'lber 
 
 grease, shiner, shmuts 
 
 glisten, glidzara, glous, 
 
 or krus'lber 
 
 greasy, shmutsich, 
 
 shimara 
 
 gore, zwik'l, blud 
 
 fedich 
 
 glitter, glidzara, sheina 
 
 gorgeous, prechtig 
 
 great, gros 
 
 zwidsara 
 
 gossip, neiichkada- 
 
 greater, gras'r or kras'r 
 
 glittering, glidsarich 
 
 drag'r 
 
 greatest, grashd 
 
 gloaming, demarung, 
 
 gouge, shbundbora 
 
 great-grandfather, 
 
 dushd'r 
 
 gourmond, felfraws 
 
 oorgrosfot'r 
 
 gloom, dunk'l, dushd'r 
 
 govern, ragera 
 
 greediness, bagerichket 
 
 glory, harlichkad, 
 
 government, ragering 
 
 greedy, bagerich, 
 
 salichkad 
 
 governor, guw' rner 
 
 wulfich 
 
 gloss, glons, shein 
 
 gown, klad, gound 
 
 green, gren 
 
 gloves, henshing, mits 
 
 grab, greif, argreif 
 
 greet, gresa 
 
 glue, leim 
 
 grace, gnawd 
 
 griddle, kuchaplot 
 
 glutton, f elf raws 
 
 gracious. gnadich 
 
 griddle-greaser, 
 
 gluttonous, seiish 
 
 gradually, shritweis 
 
 shbekshwort 
 
 gnarl, knora, bruma, 
 
 graft, zweiga 
 
 gridiron, ' roshtgrat 
 
 mura 
 
 grain, frucht 
 
 grieve, krenka 
 
 gnarly, mos'rich 
 
 grain cradle, ref| grind, mawla, shleifa 
 
 gnash, zaknarsha, 
 
 grain ( growing, ) sod 
 
 grind-stone, shleifshda 
 
 knarsha 
 
 grain (planting,) 
 
 grip, grif, greif* 
 
 gnats, shnoka 
 
 saw ma 
 
 gripe, reisa 
 
 317 
 
griping in bowels 
 
 griping in bowels, 
 
 bouchgriwla 
 
 gristle, knorw'l 
 
 gristly, gruslich, 
 
 knorw'lich 
 
 grist-mill, mel,kunamel 
 groan, seifza 
 
 groom, knecht 
 
 groove, rina, grub, 
 eishnit 
 grooving iron, 
 
 gorg'lreisar 
 gross weight, 
 
 shwarg'wicht 
 
 grotto, hoi, liich, grub 
 
 ground, frmawla, 
 
 buda, bud'm 
 
 ground-cherries, 
 
 yudakarsha 
 
 ground-hog, grundsou 
 
 ground-pine, welew'r- 
 
 weleng'r 
 
 ground plate, .shwel, sol 
 ground squirrel, 
 
 fensamous 
 
 grove, bawragong, 
 
 gla bush 
 
 grow, woksa 
 
 growing, woksich 
 
 growl, knora, brumla 
 growl at, awbruma 
 grown together, 
 
 awwuksa 
 
 growth, g'weks 
 
 grub, gruba 
 
 grubbing-hoe, grubhuk 
 
 grumble, knudaru, 
 
 brumla, grimili, 
 
 kiK/ra, 
 
 grumbling, grumlich, 
 
 knudrich, knorieh 
 
 grunt, gre.'isa 
 
 guano, feg'lmisht 
 
 guard, bawawra,b'heta 
 
 guardian, farwar'r, 
 
 garden 
 
 guelder-rose, sbna bola 
 guess, mudmawsa, roda 
 guest, gawsbt 
 
 guide, ferar, fera 
 
 guide post, wegweis'r 
 guile, badruk 
 
 guileful, badreklich 
 guilt, shuld 
 
 guinea fowl, ginihink'l 
 guitar, zitar 
 
 gums, zawflash 
 
 gum-tree, guma 
 
 gun, flind, shesg'war 
 gun-barrel, flindalawf, 
 
 gun-cotton, shesbawwul 
 gun-powder, pulw'r, 
 
 shespulw'r 
 
 gun-stock, flindakulwa 
 gush, shdrom, gesa 
 gusset, gusduch 
 
 gust, windshtos 
 
 gut, dorm 
 
 gut-string, dormsad 
 gutter, rina, oblus, 
 
 wos'rgrawb 
 gypsum, gips 
 
 H 
 
 habit, moner, gabrouch 
 
 awgawanet 
 
 habitable, bawonbawr, 
 
 gabreichlich 
 habitation, woning 
 
 habitually, g' wanlich 
 habituate, awgawana 
 hack, hok, hoka, 
 
 farhoka 
 
 hack-saw drilsak 
 
 had, het 
 
 hades, unarwelt 
 
 hag, old weibsinensh, 
 heks 
 
 hail n. , shlosa 
 
 hail v., zuroofa 
 
 hair, hor 
 
 hairbreadth, hordikung 
 hairy, horich 
 
 halberd, shbes 
 
 half, helft, holb, 
 
 halw r, holwar 
 half-brother, 
 
 shdef-brud'r 
 half-witted, aKldich 
 hallowe'en, olarheil 
 lialloo, greisha 
 
 halo, mond hot' 
 
 halter, holftar 
 
 hardware Q 
 
 halt, n. hold, v. h51da, 
 adj. lawm 
 halter-strap, 
 
 h51ft' rrema 
 
 ham, g'shmokd'rhinar- 
 
 shunka, hinarshunka 
 
 shunka 
 
 hames, kumetshpa 
 
 hames-hook, shdrup 
 
 hamlet, shdedcha, 
 
 shded'l 
 
 hammer, homar 
 
 hammer (scythes), 
 
 deng'l 
 
 hand, hond, iwargewa 
 hand about, rumlonga 
 hand-cheese, shdinkkas 
 handkerchief, duch, 
 shnupduch 
 
 handle, henk, hond' la, 
 awfing'ra, shdel, 
 handle (of a scythe), 
 
 sensawurl 
 hands (of a clock), 
 
 zacha 
 
 handsome, awsanlich, 
 sha, hibsch 
 
 handwriting, shrift, 
 hondshrift 
 
 handy, gashikd, 
 
 heudich 
 
 hang, henk 
 
 hangman, henkar 
 
 hap-hazard, 
 
 garawdawol 
 
 haply, ferleicht 
 
 happen, b'fola, zugaa, 
 
 zufola, f rlawia 
 
 happy, fro, harlich, 
 
 salich, kliklioh 
 
 harangue, awrada 
 
 harass, kwala 
 
 harassing, kwalich 
 
 harbinger, forlawf'er 
 
 hard, herd or hurt 
 
 harden, fiirharda r 
 
 harda 
 
 hardly, kouni, 
 
 shwarlich 
 
 hardship, shtrupotsa 
 hardships, mesalichkata 
 hardware, eisu 
 
 318 
 
hardware store 
 
 hereafter 
 
 hardwaie store, 
 
 hatred, hos, obshei 
 
 heart broken, 
 
 eisashdor 
 
 hatter, hootmoch'r 
 
 org badrebd 
 
 hard smoked sausage, 
 
 haughtiness, hochmud 
 
 hearth, fei'rhard 
 
 knokworshd 
 
 haughty, hochmedig, 
 
 heart' s-ease, j onihubs' r 
 
 hare, haws 
 
 shduls, bodsich 
 
 jtmijuinpub 
 
 hare bell, glukablum 
 
 haul, zega, fawra 
 
 heat, hits, warma 
 
 hare brained, wild, 
 
 haunch, hifta, shenk'l 
 
 heated, hitsich 
 
 gadonklos 
 
 haunt, shbooka,b'sucha 
 
 heathen, heida 
 
 hark, blofa, horcha 
 
 hauteur. hochmud 
 
 heave, hawa, ufhawa 
 
 harlequin, honsworsht 
 
 have, hob, hen, howa. 
 
 heaven, himel 
 
 harlot, hoor 
 
 hawba 
 
 heavenly, himlish 
 
 harm, shawda, 
 
 have an opinion, mana 
 
 heaves, windg'brucha, 
 
 harmful, shawdlich 
 
 have, desire, lushdara 
 
 heifts 
 
 harmless, shawdlos 
 
 haversack, shnopsok 
 
 heavy, shwar 
 
 harmonica, moulorgel 
 
 hawthorn, weisdornj hedge, heka, heka fens 
 
 harmonious, 
 
 hawk, woi, hondboid 
 
 heed, ocht. bamarka, 
 
 mitshdimich 
 
 hawkeyed, shorfawgich 
 
 b'kimra, ochta 
 
 harmony. 
 
 hay, hoi 
 
 heel, farsht, obsods, 
 
 iwareishdimung 
 
 hay-cock, hoihoufa 
 
 pi. obseds 
 
 harness, geilsg'shar. 
 
 haymaking, hoiet 
 
 heft, g'wicht 
 
 g'shar, ufg'shara 
 
 hay mow, bawra 
 
 heifer, rind 
 
 harness maker, geils- 
 
 hay-rack, hoiref 
 
 height, ha, bach 
 
 g'shar moch'r 
 
 hay-stack, hoishdiik 
 
 heir, arwa 
 
 harness, of the leader, 
 
 hazard, zufol 
 
 hell, hel 
 
 fed'rg'shar 
 
 hazelbush, hos'lheka 
 
 hellebore, krishtworz'l 
 
 harp, horf 
 
 hazelnut, hos'lnis 
 
 helm, shdeiar-rud'r 
 
 harrow, ag, aga 
 
 hazy, newlich 
 
 helmsman, shdeiarmon 
 
 harry, ploka 
 
 he, ar 
 
 help, helfa, beishtaa, 
 
 harsh, grab 
 
 head, kup, ar, of grain 
 
 hilf, boda 
 
 hart, harsh 
 
 headache, kupwa 
 
 helped, g'hulfa 
 
 hartshorn, 
 
 hca-ling, iw'rshrift 
 
 helpless, umb'hulfa 
 
 harshorngeisht 
 
 headlong, Tosh 
 
 helter-skelter, 
 
 harvest, arn. arml 
 
 head, of cattle, rinsfe. 
 
 hul'r-bul'r 
 
 harvesi : apple, i'reub'l 
 
 rinshtikfe 
 
 helve, helm 
 
 harvested, g'arnd 
 
 head plane, leishhow'l 
 
 hem, sawm, eibendla, 
 
 harvest home, 
 
 heail stone, grawbs'uda 
 
 pawma 
 
 arnd fesht 
 
 lieadstroiig, obsauawt, 
 
 hemisphere, holbkug'l 
 
 harvest service, 
 
 trfidsich 
 
 hemorrhage, blooda 
 
 arndkareli 
 
 headstrong person, 
 
 hemp, honft 
 
 has, hut 
 
 trudskup 
 
 hen, gluk, hinkel 
 
 hash, gakukts tia-u 
 
 heal, hala, obhala i lieu-bit hinkeldorm 
 
 h;i.*re, eil 1 heal-all, prunelagrout 
 
 hence, nochhar 
 
 hasten, eila, dum'i health, giisiindhad 
 
 henceforth, nochdem 
 
 hasty, iw'reilt, rush | healthy, wol, gusund, 
 
 her, er, se 
 
 hat, hut or huot, pi het 
 
 rishtich 
 
 herb, krout, plons, 
 
 hatch, bre.1 
 
 heap, houfa, klumpa 
 
 pi. gakreid'r 
 
 bnti-liet, beii 
 
 hear, hara, zuhara 
 
 herbivarous. 
 
 h-iichway, dochlawda 
 
 hearken, horclu'i 1 plonsafresa 
 
 hate, hos, husa,j hear-say harasawgji 
 
 herd, hard 
 
 hated, farhosd 
 
 hearse, dodawoga 
 
 herdgrass, hardgroa 
 
 hateful, obsheiiich. 
 
 heart, harts 
 
 here, har, do 
 
 hesiich 
 
 heart-burn, sodbrena j hereafter, nochdem 
 
 319 
 
Q hereditary 
 
 hereditary, awgabora, 
 arwalich 
 
 hernia, bruch 
 
 hero, held 
 
 heron, fishreiar 
 
 hesitate, shtudsa 
 
 hesitation, 
 
 unshlesichket 
 
 hew, hulsb'shlawga, 
 
 hoka 
 
 hexagonal, seksekich 
 hiccough, shliks'r 
 
 hickory -broom, 
 
 shena-bas'rn 
 
 hickory-nuts, hikarnis 
 
 hidden, farshtekl'd, 
 
 hamlich 
 
 hide, hout, f'rshlupa, 
 farshtekla 
 
 hide and seek, shdekli 
 
 hideous, shreklich, 
 
 grislich 
 
 high, hoch 
 
 highbred, hochg'ziiga 
 higher, hach'r 
 
 highest, * haksht 
 
 high school, hochashool 
 high water, flud 
 
 highway, londshdros 
 hill, barg, hiw'l 
 
 hilly, bargich, hiw'lich 
 him, 'n 
 
 hind, hina, harshkoo 
 hinder, farhinara, 
 
 hinara, farwara 
 hindmost, hinarshd 
 hinge, bond, henk 
 
 hint, awdeita 
 
 hip, hifta 
 
 hipshot, hiftalawm, 
 
 kreidslawm 
 
 hire, dinga 
 
 hired man, knecht 
 
 hirsute, horich 
 
 his, sei, seina, seinar 
 hiss, hetsa 
 
 history, g'shichta 
 
 hit, drefa, shloga 
 
 hitch up, eishpona 
 
 hither, har, hin 
 
 hitherto, bishar 
 
 hives, heifts 
 
 hoar, weis, weisgro 
 
 hoard, shots somla, 
 
 ufhoufa 
 
 hoarfrost, reifa 
 
 hoarhound, adorn 
 
 hoarse, rou 
 
 hoary, weis, oldgro 
 hob, nawb 
 
 hobble, hup'l 
 
 hobgoblin, shbooks, 
 wonts, bouds 
 hobnail, hoofnog'l 
 
 hock, knekal 
 
 hocus pocus, 
 
 farblenarei 
 
 hod, mortardrok 
 
 hod-carrier, hondlong'r 
 hoe, hok 
 
 hog, sou, pi. sei 
 
 hoggish, seiish 
 
 hoggishness, seiarei, 
 souarei 
 hogshead, gros fos 
 
 hogweed, burryuk'l 
 hoist, ufzega, uf hawa 
 hold, hawa, holt, 
 
 holda or holta 
 hole, luch, pi. lechar, 
 shlids, lech'l 
 holiday feiardawg, 
 
 feshtdawg 
 hollow, heling, hoi, 
 
 oushelcha 
 boly, heilich 
 
 loly week, korwuch 
 lonie, ham, hamet 
 
 aome-feeling, hamgafel 
 liomeless, hametlos 
 Homeliness, unshahad 
 omely, heislich 
 
 aome-made, 
 
 hamg'mocht 
 aomeopathic, 
 
 omobawdish 
 aome-sickness, hamwa 
 aomeward, hamzus, 
 
 noch hous 
 aomicide, mord 
 
 aomologous, gleich 
 
 aone, wedshda 
 
 aonest, arlich, brawf, 
 
 rechtshofa 
 
 hostile 
 
 honey, hunich 
 
 honey-cake, lebkucha 
 honey-comb, emaros 
 honey-dew, mildau 
 honey suckle, 
 
 hunichsuk'l 
 honor, ar, ara 
 
 honorable, arbawr 
 
 hood, kop 
 
 hoof, kloa, hoof 
 
 hook, boka 
 
 hook in, eihenka 
 
 hooks and eyes, 
 
 hofta un hoka 
 hoop, raf, gbbina 
 
 hooping-cough, 
 
 blohooshda 
 
 hoop-poles, rafshdeka 
 hop n., hub 
 
 hop v., hoopsa, hupsa 
 hope, hofnung, hofa 
 hopeful, hofnungfol 
 hopper, drecht'r 
 
 horn, horn 
 
 hornet, hornas'l 
 
 horrible obsheilich, 
 grislich, shreklich 
 horrify, farshreka 
 
 horror, shoudar, obshei 
 horse, goul, pi. geil 
 horse-bean, seibon 
 
 horse-chestnut, 
 
 geilskesht 
 horse-doctor, 
 
 geilsdukd'r 
 
 horsefly, b'rarn 
 
 horse jockey, reid'r, 
 
 geilsjoky 
 
 horse-power, hospouar 
 
 horse-radish, maretich 
 
 horse-shoe, hoofeisa 
 
 horse-whip, geilsgash'l, 
 
 furmonsgash'l, 
 
 fawrgash' 1 
 
 horticulture, gawrdabou 
 hose, shdrump, 
 
 pi. shdrimp 
 hosier shdrimpmocher 
 hospitable, freigewich 
 hospital, hoshbidawl 
 host, ward, har 
 
 hostile, bas, feindlich 
 
 320 
 
hostility 
 
 hostility, feindshoft 
 
 hostler, shtolknecht, 
 
 housknecht 
 
 hot, hitsich, has, 
 
 dumbich 
 
 hotch potch, olarlei 
 hotel, wardshous 
 
 hot-headed, hitsich 
 hot-punch, shling 
 
 hough, knekal 
 
 hound, houns, 
 
 yawghunt 
 
 hour, shdun 
 
 house, hous, pi. heis'r 
 housekeeping, 
 
 housholdung 
 house-leek, houswoks 
 housing, kumet dek 
 hovel, knolhit, shup 
 how, we 
 
 howl, g'grish, heila 
 hub, nawb 
 
 hubbub, larm, ufrur 
 hue, forb 
 
 huffy, brudsich 
 
 hug, umorina 
 
 huge, gros, ungaheiar 
 hull, runif, obshala 
 hulliug-stone, shalshta 
 hum, bruma, shnora 
 human, menshlich 
 
 human aid, menshahilf 
 humanity, menshad 
 human kind, menshad 
 humble, arnedricha, 
 nedrich, damedich 
 humble bee, hum'l 
 humbug, shwind'l 
 
 humdrum, longweilich 
 humid, feicht 
 
 humidity, feichtichkeid 
 humiliate, arnedricha 
 humming-bird, shnor- 
 fog'l, hunichfog'l 
 humor, feiehtigkeid, 
 sbbos 
 
 humorous, ful shbos 
 hump, buk'l 
 
 hump-backed, 
 
 grumbuklich 
 hunch-back, 
 
 grumbuklich 
 
 hundred, hun'rt 
 
 hunger, hungar 
 
 hungry, hungrich 
 
 hunk, shdik 
 
 hunt, yawga, hunta, 
 dorchsucha 
 
 hunter, yagar 
 
 hunting, yawgd, hunta 
 huntsman, yagar 
 
 hurl, shmeisa,shdardsjv 
 hurried, g'eilt 
 
 hurry, dum'l,eila,moch 
 hurry after, nocheila 
 hurt, wadoo, wagedoo, 
 frledsa 
 
 hurtful, shadlich 
 
 hush, shdila 
 
 husk, bosht, v. boshda 
 husking-pin, boshdhuls 
 hussy, mensb 
 
 hustle, dum'l 
 
 hut, hit, shup 
 
 hutch, ben, box, kishd 
 hyacinth, shdarnblum 
 hydromel, hunichwos'r 
 hydrophobia, wos' rshei 
 hygiene, gasundhadslar 
 hymn, led, lobgasong, 
 gasong 
 
 hyphen, binshdrika 
 hypocrisy, heichalei 
 hypocrite, moul-grishd, 
 sheiheilichar,heichla,r 
 hypocritical, sheiheilich 
 hyssop, eisup 
 
 hysteria, shliks'rkromp 
 hysterics, mud'rwa 
 
 I 
 
 I, ich 
 
 ice, eis 
 
 iceberg, eisbarg 
 
 ichthyology, fishkunsht 
 icicle, eiszopa 
 
 idea, b'grif 
 
 identical, leibhoftich 
 identify, arkena 
 
 idiocy, unfrshtond, 
 durnhad 
 
 idle, mesich 
 
 idleness, mesichgong 
 idol, obgut 
 
 imitator 
 
 idler, foulensar, 
 
 dawgdeb 
 
 idolatry, obgetterei 
 if, won 
 
 igneous, feirich, 
 
 ignis fatuus, ardlicht 
 ignite, awzinda 
 
 ignition, entzindung 
 ignoble, unadlich 
 
 ignominious, shunplich 
 ignominy, shimp 
 
 ignoramus, dumkub 
 ignorance, unfrshtond, 
 
 dumhad 
 
 ignorant, unf rshtenich 
 dum, unwisent, 
 
 afeldich 
 I. H.S.,Yasus Mensha 
 
 /Erlas'r 
 
 ill, kronk, shlecht, bas 
 ill-bred, ungazugu 
 
 illegal, unrechtmasich 
 illegible, unlasarlich 
 illegitimate, boshdard, 
 
 beikind 
 
 ill-favored, fiirbudsa 
 illiberal, net freigewich, 
 
 geitsich 
 
 illiberality, geits 
 
 illicit, unarlawbt 
 
 illimitable, unendlich 
 ill natured, grounzich, 
 bas g'nawdurd 
 illiterate, ungalarnd 
 illiteracy, unwisentheit 
 ungaliimdheit 
 illuminate, arleichta 
 illumination, 
 
 arleichtung 
 
 illustrate, klor mocha 
 illustration, bild 
 
 illustrious, baremd 
 image, bild 
 
 imaginable, denkbar 
 imaginary, eigabildt 
 imagination, eibildung 
 imbecile, shwochsinich 
 imbibe, trinka, soufa 
 imitate, nochmocha, 
 nochfulga 
 
 imitation, nochfulgung 
 imitator, noebfulgar 
 
 20a 
 
 321 
 
immaterial 
 
 independent 
 
 immaterial, ewafel 
 
 impostor, badrey'r 
 
 incarnation, 
 
 immature, net zeitick, 
 
 impress, eisharfa, 
 
 menshwardung 
 
 uiireif, unzeitich 
 
 eidrika 
 
 incendiary,mordbrenar 
 
 immediately, shdroks, 
 
 impression, eidruk 
 
 hamlich-wekbrena, 
 
 bledslich 
 
 imprison, eishlesa 
 
 brondshdifd'r 
 
 immemorial.undenklich 
 
 improbable, umeglicb 
 
 inception, awfong 
 
 immense, un'rmeslich 
 
 improper, unsbiklich 
 
 inch, zul 
 
 immobile, unrooich, 
 
 improve, nocbbelfa, 
 
 incidence, zufol 
 
 urabawachlich 
 
 bes'ra 
 
 incident, zufol 
 
 immoderate, iw' rmasich 
 
 improvident, 
 
 incision, eishnit 
 
 immoral, shlecht 
 
 unforsichticb 
 
 incite, awdreiwa 
 
 immortal, unshdarblich 
 
 imprudent, unklucb 
 
 inclement, rou 
 
 immortality, 
 
 impudent,' unf rsbarnt, 
 
 inclination, g'neiguug, 
 
 unshdarblichkad 
 
 bodsicb, frech 
 
 hong 
 
 immortalize, unshdarb- 
 
 inipudeiit person, 
 
 inclose, fens, eishlesa 
 
 Ifbh mocha 
 
 ruds'r, rutsnaws 
 
 include, mideinema, 
 
 immovable , nog' If osht . 
 
 impulse, b'wagung 
 
 eisblesa 
 
 umbuwaehlioh 
 
 impure, dreb 
 
 incognito, unb'kond 
 
 immunity, freihad' 
 
 impute, zusedsa 
 
 incognizant, unwisent 
 
 immure, eimoura 
 
 in, drin 
 
 income, eikum's 
 
 impair, shawda 
 
 in a, im, ima 
 
 in common. 
 
 impaired, obg'worzi 
 
 inaccuracy, 
 
 grunas-beftlich 
 
 imparity, ungleichhad 
 
 unrichticbkad 
 
 incomparable, 
 
 impart, gewa. niitilalaj inactive, mesicii 
 
 unf rgleicblich 
 
 impatience, ungaduid 
 
 inadequate, mong'lboft 
 
 incomprehensible, 
 
 impatient, ungaduldich 
 
 madvance, fornamous 
 
 unb'greiflich 
 
 impeach^ awklawga 
 
 inadvertance, 
 
 inconceivable, 
 
 impede, farhinava 
 
 nocblesichkad 
 
 unb'greiflich 
 
 impediment, hinarnis 
 
 iaadverteut, uochlesicb 
 
 in confusion, 
 
 impel, dreiwa 
 
 inadvertently, 
 
 dorchnon'r 
 
 impenetrable, 
 
 umb'denkt 
 
 inconsideration. 
 
 net dorchdringlich 
 
 inane, ly, lar, larkepig 
 
 nochlesicbkad 
 
 imperative, balalend 
 
 iuanirnate, lablos, dod 
 
 inconstant, flokarich 
 
 imperator, feldhar 
 
 inasumcb, in so weit 
 
 incorporate, iucijrporat 
 
 imperfect, mong'lhoft 
 
 inattention, unocbt, 
 
 increase, frlengara, 
 
 imperil, in g'forbringa 
 
 forlesicbkad 
 
 f ' rmara 
 
 impertinent, fleg'lhoft 
 
 inattentive, forlesicb, 
 
 increment, zunawm, 
 
 impetus, g'wolt 
 
 unochtsum 
 
 zuwoks 
 
 impiety, gutlosicbkad 
 
 inaugurate, eisbwitra, 
 
 incriminate, bashuldega 
 
 implant, eiplonsa 
 
 eiweia, eisetsa 
 
 incrust, f rkrushta 
 
 implicate, neiwikla 
 
 inauguration, eiweiiug 
 
 incubate, brea 
 
 implore, awroofa 
 
 inauspicious, uBglik- 
 
 incubator, bremosben 
 
 impolite, umonerlich, 
 
 licb, forbadeitend 
 
 incumbraiice, losbt 
 
 uuordich 
 
 inborn, eigabora 
 
 incur debts, 
 
 imponderability, 
 
 incandescent, 
 
 sbulda mocha 
 
 una g'wicht 
 
 weisgledich 
 
 incursion, eifol 
 
 import, eibringa 
 
 incapable, unfaicb 
 
 indebted, shuldig 
 
 important, b'deitung 
 
 incarnate, flash wara, 
 
 indeed, in d'r dawd 
 
 impose, uflaga 
 
 ins flash kurna 
 
 indemnity-bond, 
 
 imposed upon, g'lbold 
 
 incarnate devil, leib- 
 
 shawdlos-bond 
 
 imposition, badreyarei 
 
 hoftich'r deiw'l 
 
 indent, eidrika 
 
 iuiposjsibte, umeglich 
 
 incentive, oorsoch 
 
 independent, bodsich 
 
 3 k ~>o 
 t* 
 
index 
 
 index, nochweis'r, 
 ragishd'r 
 
 Indian, Insh 
 
 pi. Inshing 
 
 Indian-corn, welshkorn 
 
 Indian Summer, shmok- 
 
 dawga, shmokwed'r 
 
 old weiw'r sum'r 
 
 Indian-turnip, awron 
 
 orensh zwiw'l 
 
 India-rubber, 
 
 Inshing-rub'r 
 indicate, awzeiga 
 
 indicator, awzeig'r 
 
 indict, frklawga 
 
 indifferent, unb'kim'rt, 
 leidlich 
 
 indigenous, eigabora 
 indigent, badarfdich 
 indignant, zornig 
 
 indignation, zorn 
 
 indirect, mid'lbawr 
 indiscrete, forwidsich 
 indite, shreiwa 
 
 individual, parsanlich, 
 bios anar 
 
 indolence, v foulhad 
 induce, eifera, b'waga 
 indulge, mit obgewa 
 indulge in drinking, 
 
 jig'ra 
 
 industrious, sbniurt. 
 
 sboficb, tieisich, 
 
 emsich 
 
 industry, fleis 
 
 inebriate, souflod'l, 
 
 farsufn'r 
 
 inert, ruich 
 
 infamous, arlos, 
 
 nidardrechdich 
 infancy, kindhad 
 
 infant, kind, kla kind 
 infanticide, kindesmord 
 infantine, kindlicli 
 
 in favor of, da for 
 
 infect, awsbteka 
 
 infectious, awsbtek'nd 
 infer, beibringa, shlesii 
 inferior, unar, midar'r, 
 sbwecb'r 
 
 infidel, r net on Gut 
 glawba 
 
 infest, kwala 
 
 infinite, unendlich, 
 
 una end 
 
 infirm, una krefta, 
 
 shwoch, krenklich 
 
 inflame, onzinda 
 
 inflate, ufblosa 
 
 inflict, uflaga, zufega 
 
 influence, eiflus 
 
 inform, barichta, 
 
 awklawga 
 
 inform on, f roda 
 
 infringe, iw'rdrada, 
 
 brecha 
 
 in front, forna 
 
 in general, iw'r hawbi 
 ingenious, shlik 
 
 ingeniousness, 
 
 kundawida 
 
 ingraft, eiplonsa 
 
 inhabit, bawona 
 
 inhabitant, bawonar. 
 
 eiwonar 
 inherit, arwa 
 
 inheritance, axbshoft 
 inhuman, unmenshlich 
 iniquity, sinda, basheit 
 inject, nisbbritsa 
 
 injure, b'shadicha. 
 
 shawda 
 
 injurious, slvadlich 
 injury, obbruch, 
 
 shawda 
 ink, dinda 
 
 inkstand, dindaglos 
 inn, wardshous 
 
 innate, awgabora, 
 
 eigabora 
 
 innocence, unshuld 
 innocent, unshuldig 
 inoculate, bladla 
 
 inquest, unarsuchung 
 inquietude, unroo 
 
 .nquire, nochfroga, 
 b' froga 
 
 nquiry, frok 
 
 nquisitive, wunarfid- 
 
 sich, wunarnaws, 
 
 neigerich person 
 
 n reality, warklicb 
 
 nsane, ous 'm kup, 
 
 narish 
 
 interest , t 
 
 inscribe, eishreiwt 
 inspect, kef r 
 
 insert, eisedsa 
 
 inside, drin, inwenich 
 inside out, lets 
 
 insinuating, shmachlich 
 insolent, moulich, frech 
 unfrshamt 
 
 insomnia, shloflos 
 
 inspect, unarsucha 
 inspiration, eihouchung 
 
 gadriwa fum geisht 
 
 inspire, eihoucha, 
 
 awfeira 
 
 in spite of, truda 
 
 install, eisetsa 
 
 instantly, shnel, 
 
 bledslich 
 
 instead, shdods fum 
 instep, reia 
 
 instigate, awshtifda 
 instigator, awshtifdar 
 instruct, lara, awweisa 
 instruction,, larning 
 in suite, noch en on'r 
 insult, b'leidicha, 
 
 shimpa, b'shimba 
 insurance, farsicharung 
 insure, farsichara 
 
 insurgent, ufj*erar 
 
 insurrection, ufshdoud 
 integral, gons 
 
 integument, dek 
 
 ntellect, farsbtond 
 intelligence, farshtond 
 intelligent, farshtenich 
 g'sheit, kluch 
 intelligible, b'greiflich 
 intemperate, unmasitfh 
 intend, wula, mana, 
 fornema 
 intense, shdark,heftich 
 intention, manung 
 
 inter, baardicha, 
 
 b grawwa, eigrawa 
 intercede, 
 
 dazwishadrada 
 intercept, ufholda 
 
 interchange, weksla, 
 obweksla 
 
 ntercostal, dazwisha 
 interest, indresa 
 
 323 
 
interfere 
 
 joiuer's-bench^i, 
 
 interfere, nei midla. 
 
 intrust, onfartroua, 
 
 itinerant, reisend 
 
 dazwishadrada 
 
 batroua 
 
 itinerary, reisabuch 
 
 interior, inarlich 
 
 intuitive, awgabora 
 
 
 interment, baardichung 
 
 inundate, iw'rshwema 
 
 
 interminable, una end, 
 
 inundation, 
 
 jab, ripashtos 
 
 unendlich 
 
 iw'rshweming 
 
 jabber, shnotra 
 
 infcermittent-fever, 
 
 invade, awgreifa 
 
 jack, hons, nor 
 
 weks'l few'r 
 
 in vain, olniks 
 
 jack-ass, shda as'l, as'i 
 
 internal, inarlich 
 
 invalid, kronka parson 
 
 jack o'lantern, ardlicht 
 
 interpret, dulrnetsha, 
 
 kronk, krenklich. 
 
 Jacob, Yukli 
 
 ouslaga 
 
 kroftlos 
 
 jag, shdeka 
 
 interpretation, dulmet- 
 
 invasion, awgrii 
 
 jail, present 
 
 schung, ouslagung 
 
 invent, arfina 
 
 jarnb, peilar 
 
 interpreter, ouslagar, 
 
 invention, arfindung 
 
 January, Yenar 
 
 dulmetsh'r 
 
 inverse, umgakard 
 
 jar, kruk, arda kruk, 
 
 interrogate, frosa 
 
 invert, umkara, 
 
 shidla, klepra, rosla 
 
 interrogation, Irok 
 
 umshtilpa 
 
 jar, shdos 
 
 interrupt, ufholda 
 
 inverted, umgakard 
 
 jaundice, galsucht 
 
 intersect, dorchshneida 
 
 invest, awlaga, b'kladu. 
 
 jaunty, mund'r 
 
 intersection, dorchshnit 
 
 investigate, inarsuchaiJaw, kiuboka 
 
 interview, uuarradung 
 
 invigorate, b'kref'ticha. [jaw-bone, kinboka 
 
 intestine, dorun, 
 
 shdarka|,iny, Jbarilfog'i 
 
 ingaweida 
 
 invisible, unsictbawr 
 
 jealous, misdrouish 
 
 in the fore part, 
 
 invitation, eilawdung 
 
 jeer, shbut, shbuta 
 
 fornadriri 
 
 invite, eilawda,nadicha 
 
 jejune, lar, hungrich 
 
 in the hind part, 
 
 invoke, awroofa 
 
 jelly, jeli, kroftbre 
 
 hinadrin 
 
 involve, eiwikla 
 
 jeopardy, g'for 
 
 in the morning, 
 
 inward, inwenich 
 
 Jeremiah, Jeri 
 
 moryeds 
 
 I. 0. U.. ich bin d'r 
 
 jerk, shnara, zuka 
 
 in the open air, 
 
 shuldicb 
 
 jerk-line, zubleia 
 
 iin freia 
 
 ire, zorn 
 
 jest, shbos mocha, sh bos 
 
 in the rear, binano 
 
 ireful, zornig 
 
 Jesus, Yasus 
 
 intimacy, freind?hoft 
 
 iris, shwartli 
 
 Jew, Yud 
 
 intimate, awdeita 
 
 irksome, longweiiich 
 
 Jew's-harp, trump' I 
 
 intimidate, obshreka, 
 
 iron, eisa, big la 
 
 jewel, kleinod 
 
 shreka 
 
 iron-ore, eisameiud 
 
 jiffy, awgalilik 
 
 into, nei, riein 
 
 iron-scales, homarshlog 
 
 jig, dons, donsa 
 
 intoxicate, barousha, 
 
 irrigate, wesra 
 
 jingle, kliug la 
 
 g'sufa mocha 
 
 irritate, aryara 
 
 job, gashe'ft, arwet 
 
 intoxicating, 
 
 rritation, aryarnis 
 
 Job's-tears, korela 
 
 baroushend 
 
 irruption, eibruch 
 
 jockey, geilsknecht, 
 
 intoxication, roush 
 
 [s it not so 1 gel t 
 
 wetreid'r 
 
 intractable, umbenich 
 
 .sland, insel, eilond 
 
 jocund, lushdich 
 
 intrepid, brawf 
 
 isochronous, 
 
 John, Joa 
 
 intricacy, farwiklung 
 
 gleichzeitich 
 
 join, fega, awshtosa, 
 
 intrinsical, inarlich 
 
 issue, ousgong, ousgaa. 
 
 zoma doo 
 
 introduce, beibringa, 
 
 enda, rouskuma, 
 
 joined, awg'shlusa 
 
 b'kund tnocLia 
 
 ouslawfa, shlus (joined by growth, 
 
 introduced, ueigebrucht it, 'n, 'sj awwoksa 
 
 intrude, ~ eidringa, 
 
 itch, greds or kredsjjoiner, shreinar 
 
 '** mgnga 
 
 itching. krodsich ijoiner's-bench, 
 
 intuition, badrochdung iterate, wid'rhola) 
 
 oowelbonk 
 
 324 
 
joint 
 
 lace-shoe 
 
 joint, g'warb katydid, how'rgas 
 
 knack, kimsht 
 
 joiut (of the neck. ) 
 
 keen, sbpitsorich, sborf 
 
 knapsack, shnopsok 
 
 . g' nik 
 
 keep, b'holda, holda, 
 
 knave, flhbitsbu, shelm 
 
 joist, b>lka 
 
 bawawra, ufhawa 
 
 knavery , sholkhad 
 
 joke, shbos, shdracli, 
 
 keep holiday, feiara 
 
 knavish, sholkhoft 
 
 slibos mocha 
 
 keep in place, beiholda 
 
 knead, dag shofa 
 
 jolly, lushdieh 
 
 keep safe, b'wawra 
 
 kneading-trough , 
 
 jolt. shdos.I 
 
 keepsake, awdenka or 
 
 bokmol 
 
 Joseph, Jo 
 
 odenka 
 
 knee, kne 
 
 jos.ie, sh'losii 
 
 keep silent, farshweiga 
 
 kneel, . knea 
 
 jot, punkt 
 
 keg, fes'l 
 
 kneepan, knesheib 
 
 journal, djiwgbaeh 
 
 kennel, hundshtol 
 
 kneesprung, 
 
 journey, n. ras. reis, 
 
 kerchief, shnupduch, 
 
 kneshprunga 
 
 v. rasa, o bras I 
 
 holsduch 
 
 knell, dodagluka 
 
 journeyman, do^len r 
 
 kernel, karn 
 
 kuick-knacks, 
 
 jowl, wonga 
 
 Kerosene, ' kolal 
 
 klanichkada 
 
 j,,y, livida 
 
 kettle, kesel 
 
 knife, r'esar 
 
 joy tul, fro. lushdieh, 
 
 key, shlis'l, 
 
 knife-blade, mes'rkling 
 
 fmdi-j;, trrtlich 
 
 glawf (of a piano) 
 
 knight, rit'r 
 
 jndge, riolitar, riclitu. 
 
 keyhole-guard, 
 
 knit, shdrika 
 
 judgment, urreil 
 
 shlis'lbledcha 
 
 knit on, awshtrikS 
 
 judicious. kluch 
 
 kick, kik, i u ss hd os- 
 
 knob, knup, deraknup 
 
 jug, kriik 
 
 kick, shloga. shdosa, 
 
 knock, klupa, shlawga 
 
 juice, bre. soft 
 
 kika, shdrowla 
 
 knoll, hiw'l 
 
 juicy, breich, soi'tich 
 
 kick down.nunar drada 
 
 knot, f rknipa, knSra, 
 
 July, Vuli 
 
 kid, yung'r gas 
 
 knok 
 
 jiiiiip, tshomp. liups.i. 
 
 kidnapper, kinardeb 
 
 knot-berry, mulkabar 
 
 giibrung 
 
 kidney. ner 
 
 knotted, frknnd'ld 
 
 jumped, gjds.iumpt 
 
 kidney-beans, fei'rbona 
 
 knotty, knordsich, 
 
 junction, tTirbin ing 
 
 kill, dod mocha, um- 
 
 knorich 
 
 juniper, woehhul.lr 
 
 bringa, shlochda 
 
 know, was, wis5 
 
 June, V'iiii 
 
 killdeer, gilere 
 
 knowing, wis'nd 
 
 junole, hek.l. 
 
 kiln, ufa 
 
 knowingly, wis'ntlich 
 
 junior, }'^ n g r 
 
 kiln-dry, dara 
 
 k no w 1 edge , wis ' naho ft 
 
 juror, cbiirymon 
 
 kimbo, gaboga 
 
 known, b'kond 
 
 jury, cliuvy|kin, gashlecht 
 
 knuckle, knechel 
 
 just, gareclit, ricltticli, 
 
 kind, lebreich, gut, 
 
 k rank-handle, 
 
 yushd 
 
 freindlich, ort, sort 
 
 drahend'l 
 
 justice, gareclitirhkaci. 
 
 kindness, gutmanigkeit 
 
 
 rechtmasiclikad 
 
 freindlich keit 
 
 L 
 
 Justice of the I'eaca. 
 
 kindle, zinda 
 
 
 fredensrichd'r. 
 
 kine, ke 
 
 labial, lefdsich 
 
 shqweir. yushdis 
 
 king, kanich 
 
 labor, arwet, me 
 
 justify. reciirtarti, h.1 
 
 king-bird, emiifres'r 
 
 laborer, shofmon 
 
 just uow, olaweii, 
 
 kingdom, kanichreich 
 
 lace, v., shnera, 
 
 oiiTiw^i! 
 
 king-fisher, tishreiar 
 
 eibendla 
 
 justly, ivclitiuasicb 
 
 king's evil, 
 
 lace, n., shnur 
 
 jut, siidosa 
 
 english kronkhad 
 
 lacerate, frraedsla, 
 
 juvenile, yiugling 
 
 kirtle, womes 
 
 fareisa 
 
 
 kiss, bus, kisa 
 
 lacerated, farshuna 
 
 O K 
 
 kitchen, kich 
 
 laceration, 3 *** 
 
 kalendar, koleu'r 
 
 kitten, kets'l 
 
 lace-shoe, holbshtiw'l 
 
 325 
 
lacing-boot 
 
 legislator 
 
 lacing-boot, 
 
 larboard, bek'r bord 
 
 lay, n. led, gasong, 
 
 simer-shtiwl 
 
 larceny, debshtawl 
 
 laga, lega 
 
 lack, mong'l, fala, nod, 
 net howa 
 
 lard, fed, shmols 
 larder, es-shonk 
 
 layer, lawgur, galag 
 lay hold, awpoki 
 
 lackey, badent'r 
 
 large, gros 
 
 lay in folds, eifolda 
 
 lacteal, milchig 
 lactic acid, milchsouar 
 
 large intestine, 
 grimdorm 
 
 laying-hen, lagbink'l 
 lay in stock, eikawfa 
 
 lad, bu 
 
 lark, larch, sodlarch 
 
 lay on, awlaga 
 
 ladder, lad'r 
 
 larkspur, rit'rshbora 
 
 lazaretto, kronkahous 
 
 ladder-beam, lad'rbawm 
 
 larynx, kalkup 
 
 lazy, foul 
 
 ladder- wagon, 
 
 lash, gashe'l, gashela 
 
 laziness, foulhad 
 
 lad'rwoga 
 
 lass, madcha 
 
 lea, wes 
 
 laden, g'lawda 
 
 lassitude, losichkad, 
 
 lead, blei 
 
 ladle, kel, gros'r lefl, 
 
 medichkad 
 
 lead, v., fera, awfera 
 
 shepief 1, kuchlef 1 
 
 last, ledshd, ousdoura, 
 
 lead astray, farfera 
 
 lady, fraw 
 
 fortdoura, letshta, 
 
 leader, ferar, awferar 
 
 lag, longsom gaa 
 
 zuleshd, (of a shoe- 
 
 lead-pencil, bteipens'l 
 
 laggard, longsom 
 
 maker) lashd 
 
 leaf, lawb, blawd, 
 
 lair, lawgar-blods, 
 
 lasting, dou'rhoft 
 
 pi. bled'r 
 
 lawgar 
 
 latch, ledsh 
 
 leafy, bled' rich 
 
 laity, weltlich 
 
 late, shbot 
 
 league, bindnis 
 
 lake, sa 
 
 lately, neilich 
 
 leak, rina 
 
 lamb, lorn 
 
 later, shpat ' r 
 
 lean, dar, mawgar, 
 
 lame, lawm 
 
 lath, ledly, lota 
 
 lana 
 
 lament, b'weina, 
 
 lathe, drabonk 
 
 leap, shbrung,shbringa 
 
 baklawga 
 
 lather, safashawtn, 
 
 leap-frog, gruda-hupsa 
 
 lamentable, badrebd 
 
 eisafa 
 
 leaping- beetle, shnelar, 
 
 lamn, belsa 
 
 laths, ledlch'r, leishda 
 
 shneikefr 
 
 lamning, prig' Isu p 
 
 Latin, Lodeinish 
 
 leap-year, sholkyor 
 
 lamp, licbt 
 
 latitude, brad a 
 
 learn, larna 
 
 lampass, lombus 
 
 latitudinarian , 
 
 learned, galarnd 
 
 lamp-black, keroos 
 
 freidenk'r 
 
 learning, galarsomkad, 
 
 lampoon, shbosgadicht 
 
 latter, letsht 
 
 lar, laming, sliooling 
 
 lamprey, neinagich-ol 
 
 laudable, lobwiirt 
 
 leash, shdrik 
 
 lamp-wick, wecha 
 
 audation, lob 
 
 least, glenshd 
 
 lance or lancet, 
 
 laugh, locha, shmunsla 
 
 leather, ledar, led'ra 
 
 shbringstuk 
 
 laughable, lecharlich | leather apron, shurzfel 
 
 land, lond, pi. len'r 
 
 laugh at, ouslocha 
 
 leathern, led'rn 
 
 landlady, wardin 
 
 laughter, loch 
 
 leave, f rlusa, lusa 
 
 landlord, ward 
 
 launch, shifshot 
 
 leave behind, hinarlusa 
 
 landscape, londshoft 
 
 laundry, wesh, 
 
 leaven, sods, souardak 
 
 language, shbroch 
 
 weshhous 
 
 leech, bludsukl'r 
 
 languid, mot, shwoch 
 
 lave, wesha, bawda 
 
 left, iw'rich, f rlusa, 
 
 languish, shmochda 
 
 lavenderj lofendel 
 
 links 
 
 languor, shmochd'n 
 
 lavishly, freigewich 
 
 left hand, links 
 
 lank, din 
 
 law, rechl 
 
 legacy, arbshoft 
 
 lantern, lutsar 
 
 lawful, lawmasich 
 
 legal, rag'lmasich, 
 
 lap, n. shos, v. wik'la, 
 
 lawfully, rechtmasich 
 
 lawmasich 
 
 shleka 
 
 lawn, hof, grawsbluds 
 
 legality, 
 
 lapel, rukfleg'l 
 
 law-suit, rechtsshdreid 
 
 rechtmasichkad 
 
 lapidary, shdashneid'r 
 
 lax, log 
 
 legible, lasbawr 
 
 lapse, fol 
 
 lay by, beilaga legislator, seinlimoa 
 
 326 
 
legislature 
 
 legislature, semli 
 
 legitimacy, . 
 
 rechtmasichkad 
 leg or legs, ba 
 
 lemon, lem-'n, leim 
 lemonade, leimsdrinka 
 lend, lana, f'rlaua 
 length, leng 
 
 lengthen, f rlengara 
 lenience, eonftmood 
 lenient, sonftmedich 
 Lent, Foshtazeit 
 
 less. wenich' r 
 
 lessen, wenich' r mocha 
 lesson, leksion, b'weis 
 let, lus, lusa 
 
 let, wek lana, frlana 
 let on, awlusa 
 
 letter, bushdawba, 
 bref, shrift 
 
 lettuce, solawt 
 
 levant, moryalond 
 
 levee, dom 
 
 level, awa 
 
 lever (with eccentric), 
 bidmon, heweisa 
 lever-pump, 
 
 shnopgolya 
 
 levity, leichtsin 
 
 lewd, lid'rlich 
 
 liable, shuldich, g'neigt 
 liable to mould, 
 
 farwaslich 
 
 liar, legn' r 
 
 liberal, freigewich 
 
 liberate, freigewa 
 
 liberty, freihad 
 
 license, b'rechdicha, 
 
 arlawbnis, freihad 
 
 licentious, lid'rlich 
 
 lick, shleka, dresha, 
 
 shloga 
 
 licorice, likarish 
 
 licorice-root, seshuls 
 lid, dek'l 
 
 lie, leia, lawgara, leg 
 lief, garn 
 
 life, lawa, lebdog 
 
 life insurance, 
 
 lawesfarsicharung 
 lifeless, dod 
 
 lifelong, law along 
 
 lifetime, laweszeit. 
 lebdog 
 
 lift, ufhawa, awhawa, 
 shnepa 
 
 ligament, gled'rbond, 
 bund 
 
 ligature, bond 
 
 light, leicht, awfeira, 
 
 leichta, licbt 
 
 light-footed, leichtfesich 
 
 lightning, wed'rlacha, 
 
 blids, blidsa 
 
 lightning-bug, fei'rfog'l 
 
 lightning-rod , g ; wit' r- 
 
 root, wed'rroot 
 
 lights (of an animal), 
 
 galing, lung 
 
 ligneous, hulsich 
 
 like, we, fargleichlich, 
 
 gleich, awsbtaa. 
 
 gleicha 
 
 liked, b'lebt 
 
 likelihood, 
 
 wawrsheinlichkad 
 likely, wawrsheinlich 
 liken, fargleicha 
 
 likeness, bild 
 
 like nubbins, krudsich 
 likewise, gleich' rweis 
 liking sweetmeats, 
 
 zuk'rmoul 
 
 lilac, pingshd blum, 
 lalok 
 
 lily, liiya 
 
 lily-of-the-valley, 
 
 moi blum 
 
 limb, noshd, prig'l, 
 zweig, gli d 
 
 limber, lumaricii 
 
 lime, kolk, leim (fruit) 
 limekiln, kolkufa 
 
 limit, end, tarmin 
 
 limn, n. nocht, v. mola 
 limner, molar 
 
 limp, hup'l 
 
 limpid, hel, klor 
 
 linchpin, loona 
 
 linden, lina 
 
 line, lein, shdricha, 
 leina 
 
 lineage, gashlecht 
 
 linen, leina, neksa 
 
 living 
 
 linen coat, s ~" kit'l 
 
 linger, z'rikhenka, 
 
 farzega, Trlengara, 
 
 farweila 
 
 linguist, shbrochkenar 
 lining, fud'r, inhold 
 link, klach 
 
 linseed, flokssawma 
 linseed-oil, leiuolich, 
 olich 
 linsey-woolsey, 
 
 h<51b leina 
 
 lion, lab 
 
 lip, leids 
 
 liquefaction, sbmelsung 
 liquefy, shmelsa 
 
 liquor, gadrenk 
 
 lift, lishd, lishda 
 
 listen, horch, louar, 
 
 obhorcha 
 listen to, awliara, 
 
 awhorcha 
 
 litharge, silw'rglet 
 
 lithography, shdadruk 
 litigate, shdreida 
 
 litigation, rechtsshdreid 
 litter, shdraa, brud 
 little, gla, bis'ly, bis'l, 
 wenich 
 
 little bag, sekcha 
 
 little boy, bebcha 
 
 little hole, lecVl 
 
 little man, mencha 
 little ox, exli 
 
 live, lab, lawa 
 
 live-forever, lawesgrout 
 livelihood, 
 
 lawesunerholt 
 live long, lewi long 
 lively, wuslich, lawich, 
 labhoft, mund'r 
 liver, lew'r 
 
 liver-grown, og'woksa, 
 
 awwoksa 
 liver-pudding, 
 
 lew'rworsht 
 liverwort, lew'rgroul 
 live (within means), 
 
 ouskuma 
 
 livid, shwortsblo 
 
 living, lawendich, 
 
 lab'nd 
 
 327 
 
lizard 
 
 lizard, eidechs 
 
 load, lod, lawd, losht, 
 lawda (of a gun), 
 lawdmos 
 loaf, 
 loafer, 
 loam, 
 loan, 
 loaned, 
 
 lab, bomb'l 
 dawgdeb 
 lama 
 lana 
 
 loath, unwilich 
 
 loathsome, obsheilich 
 loathsomeness, obshei, 
 akelhefdickkeid 
 lobby, forzimar 
 
 lobe (of the lung), 
 
 lungaflig'l 
 
 lobster, krebs 
 
 local, ordlich 
 
 locate, shdela, laga, 
 
 plotstina 
 
 location, plots.shdelung 
 
 loch, sa 
 
 lock, in canal, shlesa, 
 
 shlus, luka, of wool 
 
 lock, lockup, f rshlesa, 
 
 shlesa 
 
 locked, frshlusa, 
 
 zug'rig'ld 
 
 locked out, ousg'shlusa 
 lock in, neishbara 
 
 lock out, ousshlesa 
 lock-smith, shlusar 
 locust, lokus 
 
 lodge, wona, lawgara, 
 iw'r nocht bleiba 
 lodge information, 
 
 awgewa 
 
 lodging, woning 
 
 loft, ewarsht shbeich'r 
 log, bluk 
 
 log-barn, bluksheiar 
 
 log-cabin, 
 log-chain, 
 log-hut, 
 log- wood, 
 loiter, 
 
 loll, 
 
 lonely, 
 long, 
 long ago, 
 long ear, 
 
 blukhous 
 
 shbarket 
 
 hit 
 
 rodhuls 
 
 rum bumbla, 
 
 bomb'l 
 
 hechtsa 
 
 lonsom 
 
 long, sana 
 
 lengshd 
 
 longor 
 
 long legged, longbanich 
 long sighted , 
 
 longsichtich 
 long suffering, 
 
 longmood 
 long winded, 
 
 longweilich 
 
 look, blik, guk, guka 
 
 look around, umsana 
 
 look idly, gofa 
 
 lookinglass, shbig'l 
 
 look on, at, awguka, 
 
 awshoua, b'guka, 
 
 zusana 
 
 loom, wabshtool 
 
 loop, shlup 
 
 loose, los, wid'rkum 
 loose-jointed, 
 
 shlenkarich 
 loosely, bomblich 
 
 loosen, los mocha 
 
 lopsided, shep 
 
 loquacious, shwetsich 
 Lord, Har 
 
 lordly, harlich 
 
 Lord's Supper, nocht- 
 mol, awbandmol 
 lore, lar 
 
 lose, f rlera, eibesa, 
 farfugara 
 
 lose [hair], mousa 
 lose [taste], obshtaa 
 loss, f rlushd, shawda 
 loss of blood, farbluda 
 lost color, farshusa 
 lot, lut, dal 
 
 lottery, lutai-e 
 
 loud, lout- 
 
 lounge, foulensa 
 
 louse, lous, pi. leis 
 lovage, lebshdek'l 
 
 love, leb, lewa 
 
 loved, b'lebt, galebt. 
 lovely, leblicli 
 
 lover, lebhow'r 
 
 low, nidar, blara, brila 
 lowest, unarshd 
 
 low-spirited, 
 
 nidarg'shloga 
 loyal, trei 
 
 lubber, dop'l, dop's 
 lubrication, eishmer 
 
 magistracy 
 
 lubricate, shliparich 
 mocha, ala 
 
 lucid, hel, dorchsicbtich 
 luck, klik 
 
 lucky, kliklich 
 
 lucre, g'win 
 
 ludicrous, lecharlich 
 luggage, sok un pok 
 lugubrious, drourich 
 lukewarm, louworm 
 lumber, bouhuls 
 
 luminous, lichtful 
 
 lump, knud'l, glumpa 
 lumpy, klumpich 
 
 lunatic, farikt, narish, 
 nor, mond kronk 
 lunatic asylum, 
 
 norahous 
 
 lunch, shdik esa 
 
 lung, lung 
 
 lungwort, lungagrout 
 lurk, louara 
 
 lust,lishd,lushd,lushda 
 g'lishda, lushdara 
 lustful, lushdarich 
 
 lustiness, kr5ft 
 
 lustre, glons 
 
 Lutheran, Lud'rawn'r, 
 Luclrish 
 
 luxurious, moshd 
 
 lye, lawg 
 
 lymph, gledwos'r 
 
 lynx, luka 
 
 M 
 
 nud'la 
 
 macaroni, uuu it 
 
 mace, mushkawdblet 
 macerate, eiwacha 
 
 UJIK/CimMJ, VLWaTDM 
 
 maceration, eiwachung 
 machinate, awshtit'da 
 machination, 
 
 awshtifdung 
 machinator, awshtifdar 
 machine, moshen 
 
 mad, farikt, raws' nd, 
 
 wedich, bas 
 madamoiselle, frawlin 
 madder, g r <5p 
 
 madness, rawsarei 
 
 magic, hexarei 
 
 magician, hexamashd'r 
 magistracy, omt 
 
 328 
 
magistrate 
 
 nia^s 
 
 magistrate, baomt'r 
 
 male [of birds] mencha 
 
 man-servant, ' knecht 
 
 magnanimity, grosmud 
 
 malediction, " fluch 
 
 mansion, wouhous, 
 
 magnesia, bid' rard 
 
 malefactor, iw'ldad'r 
 
 wouing 
 
 magnet, mognat 
 
 malevolence, iw'hvula, 
 
 manslaughter, mord, 
 
 magnetize, megnateisa 
 
 baswunsh 
 
 dodshlog 
 
 magnificence, proeht 
 
 malevolent, iw'lwul'nd 
 
 mantel, mend'l 
 
 magnificent, prochtful, 
 
 malfeasance, basa dawd 
 
 mantel-piece, mond'lbis 
 
 gros 
 
 malic acid, ob'lsouar 
 
 mantua-aiaker, 
 
 magnified, fargras'rd 
 
 malice, boshad, shawda 
 
 shneid'rn 
 
 magnify, fargrasara, 
 
 malicious, shawda fro, 
 
 manual, honclbuch 
 
 magnify ing-glass, 
 
 hamdikish, boshoft 
 
 manufacture, mocha 
 
 fargrasaringsglaws 
 
 malignity, boshad 
 
 manure, mishd,b'dii)ga 
 
 magnitude, gras 
 
 mall, shloga, shleg'l 
 
 manuscript, shrift 
 
 maid, mawd. pi. mad 
 
 rnallet, hilsn'rhom'r 
 
 many, fel, olarhond 
 
 maiden, madcha, madel 
 
 mallow, kasbobla 
 
 many a one, mouchar 
 
 maiden-hair, fawrawm 
 
 malodor, iwelg'ruch 
 
 map, londkort 
 
 maiden name, 
 
 malt, mo Is 
 
 maple, mabla 
 
 ledich'r noma 
 
 maltreatment, 
 
 mar, fardarwa 
 
 maid-servant, 
 
 shlecht bahondlung 
 
 marble, marb'l, gl'k'r 
 
 dinshd-mad'l 
 
 malversation, 
 
 March, Mards 
 
 maim, grip' la 
 
 baxireyarei 
 
 mare, mar 
 
 main, mocht, houbddal 
 
 mamma, mam 
 
 margin, ronft 
 
 maintain, holta.arnara, 
 
 mammon, reichdum 
 
 marigold, rins'lblum, 
 
 bahawpta 
 
 man, mensh, monskarl, 
 
 sawmatros 
 
 maintenance, arh51tung 
 
 mon, pi. monsleit 
 
 marine, sawasa 
 
 maize, " welshkorn 
 
 manage, hondhawba 
 
 mariner, sain on 
 
 majority, marheit, eld 
 
 management, 
 
 maritime, saish 
 
 make, mocha 
 
 hondhawbung 
 
 marjoram, mawron 
 
 make affidavit, 
 
 mandate, bafal 
 
 mark, mol, kenzacha, 
 
 b'shwara 
 
 mandrake, moiob'l 
 
 mark v inarka 
 
 make [a first bid] , 
 
 mane, mawna 
 
 marksman, shids 
 
 awbeda 
 
 man-eater, 
 
 market, mork 
 
 make agreement, 
 
 mensh afres'r 
 
 marriage, huchzich 
 
 okadera 
 
 manger, ref, fud'r-drok 
 
 married, g'heiart 
 
 make allusions, 
 
 mangle, frmedsla 
 
 marrow, morks 
 
 shdichla 
 
 manhood, monshoft 
 
 marry, droua, heira 
 
 make a noise, larma 
 
 manifest, ufnbawr 
 
 marsh, sump 
 
 make a present, 
 
 manifestation , 
 
 marshy, sumpich. 
 
 b'shenka 
 
 ufnbawring 
 
 marsupial, poushder 
 
 make convenient, 
 
 manifold, monichfold 
 
 mart, mork 
 
 shika mocha 
 
 manikin, mencha 
 
 martin, mard, shwolm 
 
 make dirty, f rsona 
 
 manipulation. 
 
 martingale, 
 
 make fire, feiara 
 
 hondhawbung 
 
 shbrung.ema 
 
 make happy, b'glika 
 
 mankind, menshad, 
 
 marvel, wunara, 
 
 make inroads, eigreifa 
 
 menshagiishlecht, 
 
 wunar 
 
 make oath, shwara, 
 
 mensh 
 
 marvelous, wunarbawr 
 
 make ready, awshika 
 
 manner, ord, weisa 
 
 masculine, menlich 
 
 make shift, b' helfa mannerliness. 
 
 mask, folshgasichd, 
 
 malady, r kronkhad 
 
 monerlichkad 
 
 shlorofag'sicht 
 
 malaria, kolt fev'r 
 
 mannerly, monerlich 
 
 mason, mourar 
 
 malcontent, urjzufreda 
 
 manners. moner 
 
 mass, menga, mes, 
 
 male, menlich, mon 
 
 man-of-war, kreksshif 
 
 souila 
 
 329 
 
massacre metropolis 
 
 massacre, f rmedsla 
 
 meanness, 
 
 memorable, b'denklicb 
 
 medsla 
 
 Hhlechtichkad 
 
 memorial, denkmol 
 
 mast, moshc 
 
 meanwhile, aweil 
 
 memorize, 
 
 Blister, bos, bar 
 
 measles, radio, 
 
 ouswenich larna 
 
 maslid'r 
 
 measurable, meslich 
 
 memory, gadechtnis, 
 
 masterwort, 
 
 measure, mos, mesa 
 
 odgnka 
 
 mashd'rworz' 
 
 meat, flash 
 
 nien, muusleit 
 
 masticate, koua 
 
 mechanic, 
 
 menace, draa 
 
 mat, shubuds'r 
 
 hondwarks-mon 
 
 menagerie, derasho 
 
 match, gleiches, pawra 
 
 meddle, mid la, 
 
 mend, flika, bes'ra 
 
 gleicha 
 
 shnubara 
 
 mendicant, bed'lmun 
 
 material, shduf 
 
 meddlesome, inikea. 
 
 menial, knecht 
 
 maternal, mud'rlich 
 
 in frema socha 
 
 meningitis, harn few'r 
 
 maternity, mud'rshoit 
 
 mediaeval, mid'l old'r 
 
 menses, zeit 
 
 mathematician, rechlar 
 
 mediate, mid'lbawr 
 
 mensurable, mesbawr 
 
 mathematics, 
 
 mediator, midlar 
 
 mental, geisbtig 
 
 rech'lkunshi 
 
 medical, medazenish 
 
 mention, nawma,s. % iwga 
 
 matricide, mud'rmorc 
 
 medicinal, orzneilich 
 
 merchandise, hondel, 
 
 matriculate, eishreiwa 
 
 medicine, medazen, 
 
 wawr 
 
 matrimony, aashdonc 
 
 orznei 
 
 merchant, kawfmon 
 
 matter, modaring, 
 
 meditate, nochdenka, 
 
 merchants, kawfleit 
 
 shduft, oorsoch 
 
 sina, iw'rla^a, 
 
 merciful, bormharzich 
 
 mattic, modaring 
 
 shdudia 
 
 mercurial, labhoft 
 
 mattock, grubhok 
 
 meditation, 
 
 mercury, kweksilv'r 
 
 mature, reif, zeitich 
 
 badrochdung 
 
 mercy, bormharzichkat 
 
 maudlin, b'nebl'd 
 
 meditative, 
 
 gnawd, mitleid 
 
 maul, hilsn'rhom'r, 
 
 nochdenkend 
 
 merely, loud'r, bios 
 
 shbolda, shleg ] 
 
 medium, mid' Imasich , 
 
 merge, farsinka 
 
 Maunday Thursday, 
 
 mid'l 
 
 meridian, midog 
 
 grendunarshdog 
 
 medlar, nei miksa 
 
 merit, fardinsht, wart 
 
 mavillary, kinboka 
 
 medley, garnish 
 
 meritorious. 
 
 maw, wombar 
 
 meek, damedich, mild, 
 
 fardinshtlich 
 
 mawkish, akelhefd 
 
 sonft 
 
 merriment, fralichkeit, 
 
 maxim, grunsots 
 
 meet, beilawfa,awdrefa 
 
 fargnega, shbre 
 
 may, mawga 
 
 beikuma, beig'lufa, 
 
 merry, fargnecht, 
 
 May, Moi 
 
 bagagna 
 
 fralich, lushdich 
 
 May-apple, IVloiob'l 
 
 meeting, farsomlung 
 
 mesh, gornshlup 
 
 maze, farwiklung 
 
 melancholic, drourich 
 
 mesmerize, megmlteisa 
 
 me, mer, m'r, mich 
 
 melancholy*, 
 
 message, bud sb oft 
 
 mead, wes 
 
 milskronkhad 
 
 messenger, budshoft'r, 
 
 meadow, shwom, wes 
 
 mellifluous, hunichses 
 
 buda 
 
 meagre, mawgar 
 
 mellow, reif, rnarb 
 
 metacarpal, mid'1-hond 
 
 meal, ims, esa, mawl 
 
 melodious, wolklingend 
 
 metamorphose, 
 
 meal ( of grain ) , mal 
 
 melon, mily'n 
 
 farwondla 
 
 mealtime, imszeit, 
 
 melt, shmelsii. 
 
 metatarsus, mid'i-fus 
 
 mawlzeit 
 
 frshmelza 
 
 metathesis, f'rsetzuug 
 
 mealy, malich 
 
 member, gled 
 
 uiete, ines.l 
 
 mean, garing, shlecht, 
 
 member of assembly, 
 
 meteor, folnda sbdarn 
 
 mid'lmos, m;ma, 
 
 semlirnon 
 
 inetbod, moda, wag, 
 
 badeita 
 
 nembrane, heitly, hout 
 
 ordning 
 
 meaning, badeitung, 
 
 nemente, ariri'rung, 
 
 metropolis, mud'i-slidod 
 
 maniug 
 
 awdenka. 
 
 hawbdshdod 
 
 330 
 
metre 
 
 moisten 
 
 metre, mos 
 
 mince pie, mins boi 
 
 misrepresent, fardrna 
 
 mettle, mud, feiar 
 
 mind, gadonka, sin, sal, 
 
 mist, new'l 
 
 mezzo, mid'l, holb 
 
 meinda, ochta 
 
 mistake, frsanii 
 
 miasma. awshteknns 
 
 minded, awg'horcht 
 
 mister, hur 
 
 shduft 
 
 mine, mei, mei'm 
 
 mistreatment, * 
 
 mica, ufaglaws 
 
 mingle, menga, miksa 
 
 mishondluDg 
 
 microscope, 
 
 minimum, glenshdes 
 
 mistress, fraw, hariu 
 
 fargrasaringsglaws 
 
 minister, bredich'r, 
 
 mistrust, misdrouli 
 
 midday, midog 
 
 pora, obwawrta 
 
 mistrustful, misdrouisb 
 
 middle, mit, mita 
 
 ministry, predichomt 
 
 mistrusting, misdrouish 
 
 middle (skull), warwel 
 
 mink, mink, wis'l 
 
 misunderstand, misfar- 
 
 middlings, mid'lmal 
 
 minor, gla, gar : ng 
 
 shtaa, lets fsirshta.\ 
 
 midnight, holdnocht, 
 
 mint, mawgabolsom 
 
 misunderstanding, 
 
 mid'rnocht 
 
 minute, minud, g'.a 
 
 mistarshtendni.- 
 
 midst, mid or mit 
 
 miracle, wunardawd, 
 
 misuse, misbrouch;". 
 
 midwife, wawrtfraw 
 
 wunar 
 
 mite, kla, bis'l 
 
 midwifery, gaburtshilf 
 
 miraculous, wunarbawr 
 
 mitten, fousht-henshinjr 
 
 might, mecht, mocht, 
 
 mire, sump, moroshd, 
 
 henshing; 
 
 kent, shdark 
 
 shlom 
 
 mix, f rmiksa, budra, 
 
 mighty, mechtich, 
 
 mirky, dunk 1 
 
 menga, miksu 
 
 g' woltich 
 
 mirror, shbig'l 
 
 mixed provender, 
 
 migrate, rumzega 
 
 mirth, fralichkeit, 
 
 miks'lfud'r 
 
 mild, sonft, gaiind 
 
 iushd 
 
 mixed up, dorchnon'r, 
 
 mildew, nrildaw 
 
 mirthful, fralic.lushdig 
 
 f rkart 
 
 mild tempered, 
 
 misanthrope, 
 
 mnemonics, gadechtuis- 
 
 souftmedicb 
 
 inenshafeind 
 
 kunslit 
 
 mile, mei 
 
 miscarriage, falgaburt 
 
 moan, yamaril, gSyam'r 
 
 milestone, meilshta 
 
 miscellaneous, f'rniiust 
 
 or geyGm'r 
 
 military, krekarisli 
 
 mischance, unfol 
 
 moat, wos'rgrawb 
 
 mililia, milids 
 
 mischief, mudwila, 
 
 mobile, uuruoich 
 
 milk, milch, melka 
 
 shawda 
 
 moM.ity. uuroo 
 
 milk-strainer, milchsei 
 
 mischievous, shawia 
 
 moccas-in, Inshintrshoo 
 
 milkweed, milchgrout 
 
 fro, hamclikish 
 
 mock, shbuta, shl>edla 
 
 mill, mel, mawla 
 
 misconduct % 
 
 mockery, slibut 
 
 mill-dam, meldeich, 
 
 shlechtufera 
 
 mocking, shbut 
 
 meldom 
 
 misconstruction. 
 
 mocking-bird , 
 
 millennium, dousend- 
 
 misdeituno: 
 
 shbutfug'l 
 
 yarich-reich 
 
 miscreant, gutlos'r 
 
 mockingly, shbediich 
 
 milleped, dousendfesar 
 
 miser, geitshols I mode, ord 
 
 miller, milar. 
 
 miserable, misarawb'l, j mo lei, mushd'r 
 
 lichteil (insect) 
 
 alendicli 
 
 moderate, mid'lmasich, 
 
 miller's share, dol 
 
 miserly, geitsich 
 
 masich 
 
 millet, harshgrus 
 
 misery, alend 
 
 modern, nei, heitig 
 
 milliner, hetmoch'rn 
 
 misfortune, unghk. 
 
 modest, basheida, 
 
 milling, mawla 
 
 wid'rwardichkud. 
 
 arbawr, masich 
 
 million, mi yon 
 
 kreids 
 
 modify, en^ra 
 
 mill-pond, meldeich. 
 
 mishap, unfol 
 
 mohair yarn, 
 
 meldom 
 
 mislay, frlega 
 
 komal gorn 
 
 millwright, mehuocli'r 
 
 misplace, Trlega 
 
 moiety, heht 
 
 mimic, nochmocha. 
 
 misprint, drukfalar 
 
 moist, feiciit 
 
 ^ ehbuta, nochofa 
 
 miss, f rmisa, fart a la. 
 
 moisten, awicichdsi. 
 
 mincemoat, minsflash 
 
 falgrif, frseiniaj eileichda 
 
 331 
 
moisture 
 
 musk , 
 
 moisture, feichtigkeit 
 
 mortify, damedicha, 
 
 1 H 
 move, zega or zeya, 
 
 molar, bokaza 
 
 unardrika 
 
 b'waga, sich raga, 
 
 molar-tooth, bokaza 
 
 mortise, zopaluch 
 
 rika 
 
 molasses, molosich 
 
 mosquito, mushket'r 
 
 move near, beirika 
 
 molt, dom, moulwurf, 
 
 moss, mos 
 
 moving, zuk 
 
 mud'rmark 
 
 most, menshd 
 
 mow, siibeich'r, bawra, 
 
 molest, farhinara 
 
 mostly, menshtdal, 
 
 maa 
 
 molten, g'shmulsa 
 
 menshtens 
 
 much, 1'el 
 
 moment, awgablik 
 
 moth, shawba, shawwa, 
 
 mucilage, slileirn 
 
 momentary. 
 
 mother, mem, mud'r, 
 
 mucilaginous, shleimig 
 
 awgabliklich 
 
 momi 
 
 mucous, shleimicr 
 
 momentous, wichdich 
 
 mother-in-law,shwey' r- 
 
 mucus, slileim 
 
 Monday, Mondog 
 
 mud'r, shwey'r'n 
 
 mud, shlom, u;vk 
 
 money, geld 
 
 mother- tongue, 
 
 muddy, drakich 
 
 monkey, 51 
 
 mud'rshproch j mug, gros glaws, moul 
 
 monopoly, qlahond'l 
 
 mother-wort, 
 
 mulberry, moul bar 
 
 monster, ungaheiar 
 
 mud'r grout 
 
 mule, as'l, moulasel 
 
 month, monet 
 
 motion, b'wagung 
 
 mulish, shdorkipich 
 
 monument, denkmol 
 
 motive, oorsocli 
 
 mull, ses mocha, 
 
 mood, mud 
 
 motley, shekich 
 
 shwecha 
 
 moon, rnond 
 
 motor, b'wagur 
 
 mullein, wulgrout 
 
 moonlight, moadshci 
 
 motto, muto 
 
 muliey, bifl 
 
 moor, sump 
 
 mould, mudel, shim'l, 
 
 ruulti- (in compounds), 
 
 mop, . buts lumpa 
 
 gesa 
 
 fel 
 
 mope, mupskib 
 
 mould-board, wenbret 
 
 multiplication, 
 
 moral, morawlish 
 
 moulder, farwasa 
 
 f'rmarung 
 
 morality, niorawl 
 
 mouldering, furwaslich 
 
 multiply, f'rmara 
 
 morass, moroshd, sump 
 
 moulding, b'glading 
 
 mum, shdil 
 
 morbid, krenklich, 
 
 mouldy, grodsich 
 
 mumble, bru nla 
 
 kronkhoft 
 
 moult, mousa, obhara 
 
 mumbling, inumLi, 
 
 more, ma, manar 
 
 moulting-time, mouszeit 
 
 niura 
 
 more and more, im'rma 
 
 mount, barg, shdeiga, 
 
 munch, koua 
 
 morella-cherries, 
 
 nuf ga 
 
 mundane, weltlicb 
 
 omarela-karsha 
 
 mountain, barg 
 
 munificent, freigewioh 
 
 morn, moryashtund 
 
 mountain-mint, 
 
 mural, mourlich 
 
 morning, morya, 
 
 blobargar-ta 
 
 murder, inord, 
 
 moryashtund 
 
 mountainous, bargicli 
 
 morddawd 
 
 morning-glory, 
 
 mountain-sage, 
 
 murderer, mardar 
 
 drechd'rblum 
 
 wulgamud 
 
 murky, diink'l, dreb 
 
 morning-light, 
 
 mourn, heila, droura 
 
 murmur, grumla, mura 
 
 moryarot 
 
 mourners, drouarleit 
 
 muscular, shdark 
 
 morocco, gasiedar 
 
 mournful, drourich 
 
 music, musik 
 
 morrow, morya 
 
 mouse, mous, pi. meis 
 
 musician, musikond, 
 
 morsel, bis'l, moulful, 
 
 mouser, mouskots 
 
 shbelar 
 
 kla shdik j mouse-trap, inousfol 
 
 mush, mush 
 
 mortal, shdarblich 
 
 moustache, shnurbort 
 
 mushroom, ardshwom, 
 
 mortal illness, 
 
 mouth, moul, mund, 
 
 shwom 
 
 shdarweskronk 
 
 pi. meilar, rocha 
 
 mtisk, mushk 
 
 mortality, 
 
 mouthful, moulful 
 
 muskmelon, 
 
 shdarblichkad 
 
 movable, b'waglich mushmily'n 
 
 mortification, 
 
 moved, gazuga musk-rat, mushkrud 
 
 brond im karp'r 
 
 movement, b' wagung j musket, rnushkad, fliud 
 
 332 
 
muslin 
 
 new fashion 
 
 muslin, nmslen 
 
 natural gifts, tolenta j neckerchief, holsduch 
 
 mussel, mush'l 
 
 naturalist, nawdurken'r 
 
 neck-joint, holsg'nick 
 
 must, misa, mus,mosht 
 
 naturalness, 
 
 necklace, ^ holsbond 
 
 muster, farsomla 
 
 nawderlichkad 
 
 necktie, holsgroga 
 
 mutable, farenarlich 
 
 nature, nawdoor 
 
 necromancy, hex'rei, 
 
 mute, shdum 
 
 natural philosopher, 
 
 bhwurtskunsht 
 
 mutilate, farshtimela 
 
 nawdurforsh'r | need, nodwenichkad, 
 
 mutiny, ufror 
 
 natural qualities, naw- 
 
 nod, breicha,broucha 
 
 mutter, mumla, mura 
 
 durbashofenhad 
 
 needful, nodwenich, 
 
 mutton, shof flash 
 
 naught, niks 
 
 nadich 
 
 muzzle, moulkarb, 
 
 naughtiness, unord 
 
 needle, nodel 
 
 flindaluch 
 
 naughty, niksnudsich, 
 
 needy, kimmarlich, 
 
 my, mei, mei'm 
 
 unordich 
 
 ormsalich 
 
 myopy,kurtsichtichkad 
 
 nausea, sakronkhad, 
 
 nefarious, fraf Ihoft, 
 
 mysterious, hamlich, 
 
 iwelkeit 
 
 gutloa 
 
 dunk'l 
 
 nauseating , wid' rlich 
 
 negotiable, 
 
 mystery, g'heimnis, 
 
 nauseous, akela, iwel, 
 
 frhondelbawr 
 
 rats' 1 
 
 wid' rlich 
 
 neglect, farnochlesicha 
 
 
 nautical, shifawrdlich 
 
 f'rseinia 
 
 N 
 
 naval, shiflich 
 
 negligee, nochtklad, 
 
 nab, fosa,"poka 
 
 nave, nawb 
 
 housklad 
 
 nag, geilcha 
 
 navel, nowel 
 
 negligence, lesichkad, 
 
 nail, nog'l, pi. neg'l 
 
 navel-band, now'lbin 
 
 forlefichkad 
 
 nail on, awnogla, nogla, 
 
 navel-rupture, 
 
 negligent, forlesich,los, 
 
 awshloga 
 
 now'lbruch 
 
 nochlesichkad, 
 
 naively, ^ nawderlich 
 
 navigation, shifawrd 
 
 nochlesich 
 
 naked, bios, nokich 
 
 navigator, sarnon 
 
 negro, nag'r 
 
 name, nawma 
 
 nay, na 
 
 neighbor, nuchb'r 
 
 name, v., nawma gewa, 
 
 neap, nidarich 
 
 neighborhood, g.'-gend, 
 
 nena, banawma, 
 
 near, bei, nagskd 
 
 nuchb'rsbul't, 
 
 banena 
 
 nearer, nach'r 
 
 umgagend 
 
 namely, namlich , 
 
 nearest, nagshcl 
 
 neither, kens 
 
 nemlich 
 
 nearly, sher, ziemlich, 
 
 nephew, g'kwislit'r t.o 
 
 nap, shlumra 
 
 bei n aw 
 
 neophyte, Deib'kara'r 
 
 nape, g'nik 
 
 near-sighted, 
 
 nerve, narf, narfa 
 
 napkin, del'rduch 
 
 kurtsichtich 
 
 nervous, zit'rich 
 
 narrate, farzala 
 
 neat, ned 
 
 nest, ncslid, 
 
 narration, arzalung 
 
 neat cattle, ririsfe 
 
 noshd iiiucha 
 
 narrator, arzalar 
 
 neatness, nedichkad 
 
 nest-egg, lagoi 
 
 narrow, eng, shmawl 
 
 neats'-foot oil, gloafet 
 
 nestle, nishd'la 
 
 nasal, naws, dorch de 
 
 or kloatet 
 
 net, gorn 
 
 naws 
 
 neats' leather, rinsled'r 
 
 nether, nidar 
 
 nasal-bone , na wsb' a 
 
 neats' tongue, rinszung 
 
 nettle, brenas'l 
 
 nasal-twang, 
 
 necessary / nodwenich, 
 
 neuralgia, nartawa 
 
 nawsag'siiweds 
 
 nadich, brouchbawr, 
 
 neutral, uf d'r tens 
 
 nasty, shmutsich,weshd 
 
 nidslich 
 
 never, ne, nemois, 
 
 natal, gaburtlich 
 
 necessaries, 
 
 nima, nimi 
 
 nation, fulk 
 
 nodwenich a socha 
 
 nevertheless, 
 
 native, awgabora, 
 
 necessity, nodwenich- 
 
 netdesdawenich' r 
 
 hesich, eigabora 
 
 kad, badari'nis, 
 
 new. J) nei 
 
 nativity, gaburtsdog 
 
 mong'l 
 
 new-comer, awkemling 
 
 natural, nawderlich 
 
 neck, hols 
 
 new fashion, neiamoda 
 
 333 
 
new fangled 
 
 nutritious 
 
 new fangled, neiamod- 
 ish, neirunslich 
 
 1 nonagenarian, 
 neinzig yarich 
 
 notify, b'nochrichticha, 
 awkindicha, melda, 
 
 newly, neilich 
 
 none, gawrkeni, kens, 
 
 b'kondmocha, 
 
 new moon, neilicht 
 
 ka, ken 
 
 awsawga 
 
 news, neiichkada, 
 
 non-essentials, 
 
 not once, kemol,kenmol 
 
 nochricht 
 
 nawasocha 
 
 notorious, olb'kond 
 
 newsboy, 
 
 nonpareil, 
 
 not so, gel 
 
 zeitingdrawg'r 
 
 unfargleichlich 
 
 nought, nul 
 
 newspaper, zeiting 
 
 nonplus, f'rlegahad 
 
 noun, nawmaword 
 
 New Year, Nei Yor 
 
 nonsense, norashdrach, 
 
 nourish, nara 
 
 next, nagshd 
 nibble, f rknowara, 
 knowara 
 
 unsin 
 noodle, nud'l 
 noodle-sup, nud'lsub 
 
 nourishment, nawrung, 
 nawrungsshdat't 
 
 nice, souwar, sha, 
 obaditlich 
 nick, koft, eishneida 
 
 nook, ek 
 noon, midog 
 no one, nemond 
 
 novel, nei 
 novelty, neihad 
 November, Not emb 1 r 
 
 nickel, finf send shdik 
 
 noose, shlup 
 
 novice, awfenger 
 
 nickname, shbutnawma 
 
 nor, wad'r 
 
 now, nou 
 
 shimpnawma, 
 beinawma, unnawma 
 
 normal, rag'lmasichi 
 north, nord 
 
 now and then, don un 
 won, koftich 
 
 niggardly, geitsich 
 
 northern-light, nord- 
 
 nowhere, naryids, 
 
 nigh, nagshd 
 
 licht, nordshein 
 
 nargeds 
 
 night, nucht 
 
 northward, gaa nord 
 
 nowise, keiuwags 
 
 night-gown, nocht-hem 
 
 nose, naws, rechar 
 
 noxious, shadlich 
 
 night-hawk, nocht-eil 
 
 nosegay, blumashtrous. 
 
 nozzle, res'l, naws 
 
 nightingale, nochtagawl 
 
 shdreis'l 
 
 nubbin, knordsa,krudsa 
 
 night watchman, 
 
 nostril, nawsluch 
 
 nucleus, karn 
 
 nochtwechd'r 
 
 not, net, um or un 
 
 nude, nokich, bios 
 
 nimble, <* flink 
 
 notable, markwardich, 
 
 nudge, leicht'r shdos 
 
 nimbus, rayawulka 
 
 marklich 
 
 nugatory, lar 
 
 nine, neina 
 
 not any, gawrkeni, 
 
 nugget, klimple 
 
 nineteen, neinza 
 
 ka, ken 
 
 null, nul 
 
 ninety, neinzig 
 
 not at all, gawr net| nullif y. frniohdS 
 
 nipple, words, dids, 
 
 notch, koft, ousshnit, 
 
 number, num r, zawl, 
 
 brushtworza 
 
 ousshneida 
 
 numra, zala 
 
 nit, nis 
 
 notched, f'rkeftla, 
 
 numberless, unauum'r 
 
 nitre, solpad'r 
 
 kefdlich 
 
 numerable, zalbawr 
 
 nitric acid, shadwos'r, 
 
 note, nod, bamarkti, 
 
 numeral, zawlvvord 
 
 solpad'r feir 
 
 mark a 
 
 numerate, z-ila 
 
 nitty, nisich 
 
 noted, wolb'kond, 
 
 numeration, zalung 
 
 no, na 
 
 bjremd 
 
 numerous, znwlreich 
 
 noble, ad'lgros, ad'lich 
 
 nothing, niks 
 
 numskull, dumkub 
 
 nobler, adl'r 
 
 nothing at all, gawruiks 
 
 nuptial, hiichzichlich 
 
 nobody, nemonu 
 
 nothing but, loud'r 
 
 nuptials, huchzich 
 
 nocturnal, nochtlich 
 
 notice, b'kondmo'chung 
 
 nurse, obwart'rin, 
 
 nod, nuk, nuka 
 
 mark, uochrit-M 
 
 obwawrta 
 
 noddle. kup 
 
 noticeable, b' marklich, 
 
 nurture, nawruug.nara 
 
 nodule, klimple 
 
 markwardich 
 
 nut, nus, pi. nis 
 
 noise, larm, yocht, 
 
 notification, inelduug 
 
 nutmeg, mushkawdnus 
 
 zucht 
 
 notified to quit, 
 
 nutriment, nawrung, 
 
 noisy, lout, yochtig 
 
 ousg'buta 
 
 > fud'r 
 
 nominate, nawma,nena 
 
 notion, b'grif, eitol 
 
 nutritious, nawrhoi't 
 
 334 
 
opaque 
 
 
 obstinate, shdorkepich, 
 
 ogee-plane, leishhow*! 
 
 
 trudsich, obsanawt 
 
 oh, och 
 
 g@- Words beginning 
 
 obstreperous, lout, 
 
 oil, al, ala 
 
 with over are generally 
 
 larmeud 
 
 oilcloth, alduch 
 
 formed by using iw'r a* 
 
 obstruct, hin&ra 
 
 oilstone, alshta 
 
 a prefix. 
 
 obstruction, tinarnis 
 
 ointment, solb, shmer 
 
 oak, acha 
 
 obtain, grick, arholta, 
 
 old, old 
 
 oak-tree, acha bawm 
 
 arlonga 
 
 older, eldar 
 
 oar, rud'r 
 
 obtuse, shdump 
 
 old nick, d'r deiw'l 
 
 oath, ad 
 
 obtuseness, dumhad 
 
 old ruts, old leiar 
 
 oatmeal, how'rmal 
 
 obviate, hinarai old ways, old leiar 
 
 oats, how'r 
 
 occasion, galegahad oleaginous, alig 
 
 obdurate, farshdukt 
 
 occasionally, olsamol 
 
 olive, albawm 
 
 obedience, 
 
 Occident, weshd 
 
 omelet, oi'rkucha 
 
 gahorsomkeit 
 
 occidental, weshdlich 
 
 omen, forbadeitung, 
 
 obedient, gahorsom 
 
 occupant, b'sids'r 
 
 awzacha 
 
 obey, b'folga, horcha, 
 
 occupation, gasheft 
 
 omission, farseimung 
 
 gahorcha 
 
 occupy, b'sids nema, 
 
 omit, farseima 
 
 obituary, dodalishd 
 object, gagashdond 
 
 bawona 
 occur, beifola, bagagna 
 
 omnipotent, olmechtig 
 omnipresent, iw'rol 
 
 objection, gagaholtung, 
 
 ocean, sa 
 
 omniscient, olwisend 
 
 eiwening 
 
 octagonal, ochtekich 
 
 on, uf, druf, on 
 
 obligation, pflicht, 
 
 October, Oktow'r 
 
 on a, uf n 
 
 farpflichtung 
 
 oCular, sichtbawr 
 
 once, mol, amol, emol 
 
 oblige, farpflichta, 
 
 oculist, awgaduktar 
 
 once more, nuchamol 
 
 farbina, nadicha 
 
 odd, ly, ungrawd, 
 
 on credit, ") ufburks 
 
 obliged, pflichtich, 
 
 seldsom 
 
 one, anar, ans, em, a 
 
 g' mist 
 
 odious, farhosd 
 
 one after another, 
 
 obliging, ly, g'ielich 
 
 odium, hos 
 
 noch en on'r 
 
 oblique, shraks, shep 
 obliterate, far wish a, 
 f rtilga 
 oblivious, fargeslich 
 oblong, leuglich 
 obloquy, shout 
 
 odor, garuch 
 odoriferous, gutrech'nd 
 odorous, gutrech'nd 
 of, fun 
 of a film 
 off, fort, ob, weg 
 
 one-eyed, shal 
 onerous, loshtbawr 
 one-sided, aseidich 
 only, bios, yushd, nur, 
 loud'r, numa, anzig 
 
 obnoxious, shadlich, 
 
 offal, obfol 
 
 on my account, 
 
 farhosd 
 
 offend, b'leidicha, 
 
 meintwaga 
 
 obscenity, souarei, 
 
 t'ardresa 
 
 on no account. 
 
 narishg'shweds, 
 
 offense, b'leidichung| dorchous net 
 
 seiarei, 
 
 offensive, akelhefdich 
 
 onset, awgrif 
 
 obscure, undeitlich, 
 
 offeusiveness. 
 
 onslaught, awgrif 
 
 dunk' 
 
 akelhefdichkeid jou the, om 
 
 obscured, furfinsht'v.: 
 
 offer, awbediug.awbeda 
 
 on the average, 
 
 obscurity, dimk'lheit 
 
 offered, awg'buda 
 
 dorchwek 
 
 obsequies, leicht 
 
 office, b'denung, omt, 
 
 on the other side, drhva 
 
 observable, bauiark- 
 
 shdel 
 
 on tick, uf borks 
 
 bawr, markwardich 
 
 officer, buomt'r 
 
 on top, drowa 
 
 observance, b'folgung, 
 
 oiispring, nochkemling 
 
 onward, weit'r 
 
 baobochtung 
 
 of it, dafun, d'rfun 
 
 ooze, rous shwasa, 
 
 observe, ^ bamarku, 
 
 often, uft 
 
 shlom 
 
 b'folga 
 
 of that, dofun, 
 
 opaque, 
 
 obstacle, hiuarnis 
 
 dod'rfun 
 
 net dorchsichtich 
 
 335 
 
open owner 
 
 open, uf, ufmocha efna 
 
 organ, orgel, warkzeig 
 
 outlet, ousgong 
 
 open drifts, bawmocha 
 
 organist, orgelskbelar 
 
 outlook, woch 
 
 opened, awg'brucha 
 
 orient, oshd 
 
 out of plumo, 
 
 opening, efnina: 
 
 oriental, moryalendish 
 
 ousg'wicha 
 
 open link| nodglach 
 
 orifice, efning 
 
 outrage, fraf'l 
 
 openly, efentlich 
 
 origin, bagin, awfong 
 
 outrageous, fraflhoft 
 
 operate, druf warka 
 
 original, ursupringdcn, 
 
 outset, awfong, bagin 
 
 opiate, shlofmid'l 
 
 orichirial 
 
 outside, ouswenich, 
 
 opine, mana 
 
 originator, urhaw' r 
 
 hous, drous 
 
 opinion, maning, osicht 
 
 oriole, guldomshel 
 
 oval, longlich-rund 
 
 opodeldoc, opadildok 
 
 ornament, zerawd 
 
 ovary. oi'rshduk 
 
 opossum, bosum 
 
 orphan, una eldera, 
 
 oven, iifa 
 
 opponent, gagn' r 
 
 weisakind 
 
 ovenswab, hud'l-iumpa 
 
 oppose, wid'rshtaa, 
 
 orphans' home, 
 
 over, iwar, driwa, iw ; r, 
 
 obwara 
 
 weisahous 
 
 iw'rich. tarbei 
 
 opposite, gaadal, wed'r 
 
 orthodox, recht gleibig! overalls, iw'rliusa 
 
 opportune, g^lega 
 
 orthography, 
 
 overbearing, iw'r- 
 
 opportunity, galegahad 
 
 bushtawerakunsht 
 
 medich, unf rshamt 
 
 oppress, unardrika 
 
 osculate, busa 
 
 overbid, iw'rbeda, 
 
 oppression, 
 
 osiers, korbweida 
 
 ivv'rbuda 
 
 unardrikung 
 
 osseous, gnuchich 
 
 overcoat, iAv'rruk 
 
 oppressive, 
 
 ossified, frknech'rd 
 
 overcome, iw'rweldicha 
 
 unardriklich 
 
 ossify, frknech'ra 
 
 overflow, iw'rtius, 
 
 oppressor, unardrika r 
 
 ostensible, forgablich, 
 
 iw'rshweming 
 
 opprobrious, shendlich 
 
 sheinbawr 
 
 overflowing, iw'rtiisicu 
 
 opprobrium, shimp 
 
 osteology, knuchalar 
 
 overhaste, iw' roiling 
 
 oppugn, awgreitu 
 
 other, onar 
 
 overhead, drew a 
 
 option, wawl 
 
 otherwise, on'rsht'r, 
 
 overhear, iw' rh ara 
 
 optional, wawl iw'rlusa 
 
 suusht 
 
 overreached, iw'rnuma 
 
 opulence, reichdum 
 
 ou?;lit, ebes, sul, sut 
 
 overripe, zu reif 
 
 opulent, reich 
 
 our, ours, unsar, 
 
 overrun, 
 
 or, od'r, ud'r, sunsht 
 
 unsara 
 
 iw'rhond nema 
 
 oral, mit'm moul 
 
 oust, fartreiwa, ousdoo, 
 
 overshoe, iw'rshoo 
 
 orange, orensh 
 
 ousshdosa 
 
 overshoot, forshus 
 
 orate, rada 
 
 out, ous, drous, rous, 
 
 oversleep, f'rshlofa 
 
 oration, rad 
 
 harous 
 
 overstudied, 
 
 orator, radnar.shwetsar 
 
 outbid, iw'rbeda, iw'r- 
 
 iw'rshdudert 
 
 oratory, radakunsht 
 
 buda, obbeda, 
 
 overt, uf'nbawr 
 
 orb, kug'l, bola 
 
 obg' boda 
 
 overtake, eihola 
 
 orbit, kreis, zark'l 
 
 outbuildings, 
 
 overthrow, sbdardsa 
 
 orchard, bungard 
 
 nawag'beiar 
 
 overturn, iw'rshtulpara 
 
 ordain, eisetsu, 
 
 outbreak, ousbrecha, 
 
 overwork, obshina, 
 
 order, odar, ordning, 
 
 ousbruch 
 
 shina 
 
 odara, bafal, bafala, 
 
 outcast, ouswarfiing 
 
 overworked, obg'shuna 
 
 b'shtela 
 
 outdo, iw'rdrefa 
 
 oviparous, oi'rlagend 
 
 ordered out, ousg'buta 
 
 outen, lesha 
 
 owe, shuldig sei 
 
 order out, rous odara 
 
 outer, eisarsht 
 
 owing, shuldig 
 
 order up, uf odara 
 
 outfit, ousshteiar 
 
 owl, eil 
 
 orderly, ordentlich, 
 
 outgrow, iw'rwuksa 
 
 owleglass, eilashbeg'l 
 
 rag' Imasicb. 
 
 outhouse, nawag'bou, 
 
 own, aga, b'sidsii, 
 
 ordinary, g'wanlich 
 
 lit'lhous 
 
 agna, g'shtaha 
 
 ordination, eisetsung 
 
 outlandish, ouslendish 
 
 owner, b'sids'r, agnar 
 
 336 
 
ox 
 
 ox, 
 oyster, 
 
 uks 
 eishtar 
 
 The prefix pre is gen 
 erally to be translated 
 by for or forhar. 
 
 pace, shrita, gaa, 
 
 shrit, obshrita 
 pacific, fredlich 
 
 pack, pok, poka 
 
 package, pok 
 
 pad, kisa, sod'lkisa 
 paddle, ped'l, pedla 
 paddock, wes 
 
 padlock, henkashlus 
 Pagan, Held 
 
 page, seid 
 
 pageantry, sbo 
 
 pail, kiw'l, amar, 
 
 shepkiw'l 
 
 pain, shmardsa, pein 
 painful, peinlich, wa 
 pains, me 
 
 painstaking, sorchsom, 
 surchfeltich 
 
 paint, aws'utreicha. 
 lorb, mola, obmola 
 paint-brush, 
 
 awshtreich-pens'l 
 
 painter, awshtreichar, 
 
 molar 
 
 painter's-brush, pens' 1, 
 
 oshtreich-pens'l 
 
 pair, pawr, pawra 
 
 palace, poloshd 
 
 palatable, obaditlich, 
 
 shmokholt 
 
 Palatinate, Poiz 
 
 pale, blach, globord 
 pall, ketsh'r, mot wara 
 pall-boarer, 
 
 grawb-moch'r 
 pallid, blach 
 
 palm, bola 
 
 palmistry, 
 
 hund\vorsawga, 
 palpable, iif ubawr 
 
 paljiit.-ition (heart), 
 
 palsy, 
 21a 
 
 shlok 
 
 paltry, ormsalich 
 
 pamper, moshda 
 
 pamphlet, bober bichli 
 pan, pon 
 
 panacea, heilmit'l 
 
 pancake, ponakucha 
 pancreas, seiflash 
 
 pandemonium, 
 
 deiw'lreich 
 
 pane, sheib 
 
 panegyric, lobrada 
 pang, pein, shmards 
 panicle, rishb'l 
 
 pannier, brodkorb 
 
 pansy, jonijnmbub 
 pant, hechtsa, keicha 
 pantaloons, husa 
 
 panther, bend'r 
 
 panting, keichich 
 
 pantry, es-shonk 
 
 pap, brusht, brei 
 
 paper, bober 
 
 papoose, Inshingkind 
 par, gleich 
 
 parable, gleichnis 
 
 paradise, porades 
 
 paragon, mushd'r 
 
 paragraph, obsods 
 
 paralysis, shlok 
 
 parallel, gleichl awf end 
 paramount, huksht 
 paramour, galebt'r 
 
 parboil, brea, 
 
 holbkucha, 
 parcel, shdik, fiekcha, 
 
 bind'l, dal 
 
 parch, dara, broda 
 parchment, borgament 
 pardon, bagnawdicha, 
 baguawdichung, 
 fargewu, 
 
 pare, shala 
 
 parents, eldera, 
 
 paring, shawl a 
 
 parish, bazark 
 
 parity, gleichhad 
 
 parley, shwetsa 
 
 parricide, fot'rmord, 
 rnud'rrnord 
 
 parrot, bobigoi 
 
 parsimonious. 
 
 slibawrsom 
 
 337 
 
 patten 
 
 parsley, padarli 
 
 parsnip, boshdnawd 
 parson, bredich'r, pora 
 part, dal, ous'nonarga, 
 shdik, obreisa 
 partake, dol'unnema 
 partial, dalweis 
 
 participate, mitmocha 
 particle, shdikli 
 
 particular, b'sundars 
 particularly, obortich 
 partly, dal 
 
 partridge, bodres'l 
 par value, gleich a ward 
 pass, weg, farbei ga, 
 forga 
 
 pass (time), zul)ii:iga 
 passable, gongbawr 
 passage, g^ n g 
 
 passing, ferbeigaend 
 passion, leida, leb 
 
 passive, leidend 
 
 Passover, Oshd'rfesht 
 past, iwar, furgonga, 
 ferbei or farbei, iw'r 
 paste, awklawa, boba, 
 bob 
 
 paste-board, bobadek' 1 
 pastime, zeitfartreib, 
 bleser 
 pastor, pora 
 
 pasturage, wad 
 
 pasture, wad, boshdard 
 pat, shloga 
 
 patch, bloka, awtlika, 
 
 flek, reshd'r, flika, 
 lopi 
 
 pate, kup 
 
 patent, efentlich 
 
 Paternoster, Fot'runsar 
 path, pawd 
 
 pathetic, b'waglich 
 pathway, f us wag 
 
 patience, gaduld, 
 
 longmood 
 patient, longmedich, 
 
 podsient, kronkar, 
 gadnldich 
 patrimony, urbshoft 
 latron, bash i tsar 
 
 patronize, basliitsa 
 
 patten, iw'rshoo 
 
patter 
 
 patter, dribla, blodsha 
 
 pattern, mushd'r, 
 
 mildel, beishbel 
 
 paucity, wenichkad 
 
 Paul, Poul 
 
 paunch, henkboueh 
 
 pauper, ormar 
 
 pause, shdup, obsods, 
 
 shdupa 
 
 pavilion, zelthous 
 
 paw, doba, kloa 
 
 pawnbroker, shafar 
 pawnbroker' s-shop, 
 
 shafar-shop 
 
 pay, lo, bazawlung, 
 bezawla 
 
 pay attention, ufbosa 
 pea, arbs 
 
 peace, freda 
 
 peaceable, fredlich 
 peaceful, fredlich 
 
 peach, parshing 
 
 peacock, pohawna 
 
 peafowl, pohink'l 
 
 peak, shbits 
 
 peal, shol 
 
 peanut, grundnis 
 
 pear, bar, ber 
 
 peasant, bou'r 
 
 peasantry, londfulk, 
 bourashtond 
 pebble, kis'l 
 
 peccadillo, kla sind 
 peck, bek, pika 
 
 peculate, shdala 
 
 peculiar, parsanlieh, 
 g'shbozig 
 
 peculiarity,eigadumlich 
 pedagogue, 
 
 shoolmashd'r 
 
 peddle, kram'ra 
 
 peddler, kram'r 
 
 pedestrian, fusgeng'r, 
 
 lawfr 
 
 peel, n., bokiif ashes' r, 
 shawl a 
 
 peel, v., awshala, 
 
 shala, obshala 
 
 peer, gleichar 
 
 peevish, brudsich. 
 
 fardreslich 
 
 Peg, 
 
 pegging-awl, pinbora 
 pegs, pineg'l 
 
 pelf, geld 
 
 pell-mell, dorch'non'r 
 pellucid, dorchsichtich 
 pelt, bels, shnieisa, 
 
 b'shmeisa, fel 
 pen, ben, fed'r 
 
 penal, shdrofend 
 
 penalty, shdrof 
 
 pencil, pens'l 
 
 pendent, henkend 
 
 pendulous, obhenkish 
 pendulum, barmadik'l 
 penetrable, 
 
 dorchdringlich 
 penetrate, dorchdringa 
 penetration, 
 
 dorchdringung 
 peninsula, ' holbinsel 
 penitentiary, work- 
 hous, zucht-hous 
 pen-knife, fed'r-mes'r 
 penman, shreiwar 
 
 penniless, geldlos 
 
 Pennsylvania, 
 
 Pensilfawni 
 Pennsylvanian, 
 
 Pensilfawniar 
 penny, bens 
 
 pennyroyal, benreil, 
 grudabolsom 
 pensive, gadonkaful, 
 nochdenklich 
 pentagon, finfek 
 
 pentagonal, finfekich 
 Pentateuch, 
 
 Finfbich'r Moses 
 Pentecost, Pingshda 
 penury, mong'l 
 
 peony, gichtros 
 
 people, fulk, leit 
 
 pepper, pefr 
 
 per, dorch, bei 
 
 peradventure, ferleicht 
 perambulator, mes' rawd 
 perceive, bamarka,sana 
 perceptible, sichtbawr 
 perceptibly, 
 
 sichtbawrlich 
 
 perch, shdong, sitsa, 
 
 he huka 
 
 338 
 
 personal 
 
 perchance, ferleicht, 
 f leicbt 
 perfect, fiilkumii 
 
 perfidious, treilos 
 
 perforate, dorchbora 
 perform, doo, ousfera, 
 
 ousrichda 
 perfume, wolgaruch 
 perhaps, ferleicht, 
 
 fleicLt 
 pericardium, hartsfel 
 pericranium, shad'lhout 
 harnshd'lhout 
 peril, g'for 
 
 perilous, g'farlich 
 
 period, punkt 
 
 periosteum, 
 
 knuchaheitli 
 periphery, umgras 
 
 periphrase, umshreiwa 
 perish, zu grund ga, 
 umkuma 
 perjure, folsh shwara 
 permanence, fortdour 
 permanent, fortlawfend 
 permeate, dorchdringa 
 permission, arlawbnis 
 permissive, arlawbend 
 permit, leida, arlawba, 
 b'rechdicha 
 
 pernicious, fardarblich 
 peroration, shlus 
 
 perpendicular, 
 
 senkrecht 
 perpetually, 
 
 im'r war end 
 perpetuate, farawicha 
 perpetuity, awichkeid 
 perplexed , farwikl' d , 
 fir ward 
 
 perplexity, frlegehad 
 persecute, farfulya 
 perseverance, ousdour 
 persevere, awholta, 
 ousdoura 
 persimmon, misbbl, 
 shbarwl 
 
 persist, awholta 
 
 persistence, awholtunp; 
 persistent, awholteiul 
 person, parson 
 
 perso n al , parsanlich 
 
personate 
 
 personate, forshtela 
 perspicacious, 
 
 shorfsichtig 
 
 perspicuous, klor 
 
 perspicuity, , klorhad 
 perspiration, shwas 
 perspire, shwitsa 
 
 persuade, iw'rzeiga, 
 brada, ufkoksa 
 persuasion, iw'rzeigung 
 pert, bodsich 
 
 pertain, augahara, 
 gahara 
 pertaining to Pa., 
 
 Pensilfawnish 
 
 pert-child, rutsnaws, 
 
 ruds'r 
 
 peruque, borik 
 
 peruse, dorchlasa 
 
 pervade, dorchga 
 
 perverse, farkart 
 
 pervert, fardraa 
 
 pest, peshd 
 
 pester, kwala 
 
 pestiferous, peshdhoft 
 pestilence, peshd 
 
 pestilential, peshdhoft 
 pet, lebllng 
 
 petal, blumablawd 
 
 Peter, Pad'r, Pet 
 
 petiole, blumashdel 
 petition, bidshrift 
 
 petroleum, kolal 
 
 petticoat, unarruk 
 
 pettish, brudsich 
 
 petty, kla 
 
 petulant, fardreslich 
 pew, karchashdool 
 pewit, bewi 
 
 pewter, zin 
 
 pewter-sand, silw'rsond 
 phalanges, fing'r un 
 za knucha 
 
 phantom, geisht 
 
 Pharisee, Forisaer 
 
 pharmaceutics, 
 
 obadak'rkunsht 
 pharmacy, orzneikunsht 
 medazenakunsht 
 pharynx, holsrar 
 
 pheasant, farsond 
 
 phial, biid'lcha 
 
 phenomenon, awshein, 
 
 shbekdawk'l 
 
 philanthrope, 
 
 menshafreind 
 philology, shbrochlar 
 philosophy, weltlarning 
 phiz, gasichd 
 
 phlebotomize, 
 
 odarliisa 
 
 phlegm, shleim 
 
 photograph, obnema 
 phrenology, shad' liar 
 physic, loksering 
 
 physical, nawderlich 
 physician, dukd'r 
 
 physiognomy, gasichd 
 piano, glpfei 
 
 pianoforte, glofer 
 
 piano-key, glof 
 
 pick, grubhok, pik, 
 pika 
 pickerel-weed, 
 
 hechtgrout 
 
 pickle, solslawk 
 
 pickpocket, sokdeb 
 pick up, lasa, ufpika 
 picture, bild, piktar 
 pie, boi 
 
 piebald, shekich 
 
 piece, shdik, shdikla, 
 shiw'l 
 
 piecemeal, shdikAvasa 
 pied, shekich 
 
 pier, brikapeil'r, peilar 
 pierce, dorchshtecha 
 pierced, farshtiicha, 
 g'shtucha 
 piety, fremichkeit 
 
 pig, sou, wuts 
 
 pigeon, doub 
 
 piggin, shepkiw'l 
 
 piggish, seiish 
 
 pigment, forb, 
 
 forbshduft 
 pike, hecht, shbes 
 
 pile, houfa 
 
 pilfer, shdala 
 
 pilgrimage , pilg' rreis 
 pillar, peilar, pushda 
 pillion, sod'lkisa 
 
 pillow, kisa, kupakisa 
 pilot, shdeiarmon 
 
 plague 
 
 pimpernel, 
 
 rod'r hink'ldorm 
 pimple, puk, pekcha 
 pin, shbel, zopa 
 
 pinafore, scharz 
 
 pincers, beiszong, zong 
 pinch, peds, pedsa, 
 glema, klema 
 pine, beindbawm, 
 
 beind, shmochda 
 pine-cone, beindzob'a 
 pine-tree, beind 
 
 pinion, fed'r, flig'l 
 
 pink, pingshd-nagel, 
 pingshd-blum 
 pinnacle, gipl 
 
 pinned, awg'shpeld 
 pint, beind 
 
 pint-measure, 
 
 beind blech 
 
 pious, from 
 
 pipe, peif, rar, ror, 
 
 deichl 
 
 piper, peifar 
 
 pippin, nodob'l 
 
 piquant, shorf 
 
 piracy, sa rawwarei 
 pirate, sa raw war 
 
 pismire, emeus 
 
 pistol, pishdol 
 
 pit, grub 
 
 pitch, bech, beind horts, 
 shdardsa 
 pitcher, kruk 
 
 pitchfork, hoigowel 
 piteous, yemarlich 
 
 pitiable, badeiarlich 
 pitiful, kimmarlich, 
 yemarlich, b'kim'r- 
 
 lich, misarawb'l 
 pith, morks, kroft 
 
 pity, mitleid, badoura, 
 doura, yomura 
 pivot, shbind'l 
 
 placard, awshlug 
 
 place, ord, plods, blods, 
 
 pi. blcds, shdel, 
 shdela 
 placents, nochgaburt 
 plague, peshd, plok, 
 grishdera, peinicha, 
 
 ploga, triwalera 
 
 339 
 
placid 
 
 placid, mild 
 
 plain, deitlich, eifoch, 
 
 b'greiflich, floch 
 
 plaint, klawg 
 
 plaintiff, klag'r 
 
 plait, fleehta, fold 
 
 plaited, g'fluchda 
 
 plan, plon, obris, 
 
 ousdala 
 
 plane, howel, howela 
 
 planet, plonat 
 
 plank, plonk 
 
 .plant, plons, g' wards, 
 
 g'weks, blons, 
 
 plonsa, blonsa 
 
 plantain, seiorabled'r, 
 
 wegrich 
 
 plant-lice, ardfla 
 
 plant out, oussedsa, 
 plaster, gips. bloshd'r, 
 ploshd'r, bleshd'ra 
 plaster (for drawing), 
 
 zukploshd'r 
 plasterer, bleshd'rar 
 plate, del'r, plot 
 
 plates, g'shar 
 
 platter, plot 
 
 plaudit, beifol 
 
 plausible, sheinbawr 
 plausibility, awshein 
 play, shbel, shbeia 
 player. shbelar 
 
 playthings, shbelsoch, 
 kinar shbelsoch a 
 plea, bid, ousrad 
 
 pleasant, bleserlicu, 
 leblich 
 
 please, oshtaa 
 
 pleased, wolg'iola, 
 
 g'fola 
 
 pleasurable, pleserlich, 
 og' nam 
 
 pleasure, bleser, plesir, 
 
 pleser, g'shbos, 
 
 fargnega 
 
 pleat, fold 
 
 pledge, farshprecha 
 plenary, fulstenich 
 plenitude, iw'rflus, 
 ganunk 
 
 plentiful, reichlich 
 
 pleura, ripafel 
 
 plenty, ganunk, 
 
 iw'rflus 
 
 pliable, begsom 
 
 pliability, begsomkad 
 
 pliant, begsoni 
 
 pliers, drodzong 
 
 plight, zushtond 
 
 plod, longsom ga 
 
 plot, plots, flek 
 
 plough, blug or pluk, 
 
 bluga, awfarchda, 
 
 plooga, ousfavchdji 
 
 plover, rayiifog'l 
 
 plow-beam, grend'l, 
 
 plukgrend'l 
 
 plow out, ousiuiichsi 
 
 plowshare, shawr, 
 
 plukshawr 
 
 pluck, zuk, rfip, mud, 
 
 riipa, zuka, 
 
 (leaves) obblawdii 
 
 plug, zopa, i'arshtupa 
 
 plum. bloura, 
 
 pi. kwedsha 
 
 plumage, fedr'a 
 
 plumb, grawd, senkblei 
 
 plumber, bleishofi- 
 
 plumb-liue,mou rsenk'l 
 
 plume, fed'r 
 
 plummet, mou'rsenk'l, 
 
 senk'l 
 
 plump, dik, fed 
 
 plunder, fardorwa 
 
 plunge, . shdardsa 
 plurality, marheit 
 
 pluviometer, rayames'r 
 ply, folda, dreiwa 
 
 pneumonia, brushtfew'r 
 poach, galind kucha 
 pock, puk 
 
 pocket, sok 
 
 pocketbook, b5kabuch 
 pod, shod 
 
 poem, gadicht 
 
 poet, dicht'r 
 
 poignant^ shorf, 
 
 shclekend 
 
 point, shbits punkt. 
 s h bits a. 
 
 pointed, shbitsich 
 
 pointer, deit'r 
 
 poise, wleicli g'wicht 
 
 340 
 
 popular 
 
 poison, gift, fargiftS 
 
 poisoner, fargiftar 
 
 poisonous, giftig 
 
 poke, shdos, pokbera, 
 
 'pokworz'l, sok 
 
 poke, v., Jeiara, poka, 
 
 shdosa 
 
 poke-berry, pokbera 
 poking, pokich 
 
 pole, shdong, deiks'l 
 polebeans, shdekabona 
 polecat, biskotg 
 
 pole-piece, deiks'lshnol 
 pole-star, nordshdarn 
 police, bolees 
 
 polish, glons mocha, 
 glot mocha, obshleifa 
 polite, monerlich 
 
 politeness, 
 
 monerlich kad 
 
 politic, kluch 
 
 poll, wawlplods,,,kup, 
 
 wala 
 
 pollen, blumashdawb, 
 blushd 
 
 polygamy, felweib'rei 
 polygon, felek 
 
 pomace, dreshd'r 
 
 pomade, horshmer 
 
 pomegranate, 
 
 gronawta ob'l 
 
 pommel, knufa, (of a 
 
 saddle) sod'lknub 
 
 pomp, procht 
 
 pompous, prochtful 
 
 ponder, b'denka, 
 
 iw'rdenkii 
 
 ponderous, g'wichtig, 
 shwar 
 
 poodle, pud'lhund 
 
 pooh, poo 
 
 pool, drekluch, 
 
 wos'rluch 
 
 poor, orm, badarfdich, 
 
 ormsalich, misarawb'l 
 
 poorly, shlecht,armlich 
 
 b'kim'rlich, alendich 
 
 poor wretch, 
 
 ormer shluk'r 
 poplar, b5bla 
 
 poppy, mawg 
 
 popular, b'lebt 
 
populous preserve 
 
 populous, fulkreich 
 
 potion, trunk 
 
 precious, kushtbor, 
 
 porcupine, egel 
 
 potpie, budboi 
 
 kesh'dlich 
 
 pore, shwasluch 
 
 potsherd, hofasharb. 
 
 precipice, obgrund 
 
 pork, seiflash 
 
 sharwa 
 
 precipitate, ly, rush, 
 
 porker, drag'r, darhet'r 
 
 potter, hefnar 
 
 forwidsich, iw'reilt 
 
 porridge, sub, bre, 
 
 pottery, hefnarei 
 
 precipitation, iw'reiling 
 
 malsub 
 
 pouch, kla suk, bouch 
 
 precise, ganou 
 
 porringer, subashis'l 
 
 pouch-cheeked, 
 
 preclude, ousshlesa 
 
 portal, eifawrd 
 
 poushbokich 
 
 predicate, oussawga 
 
 portend, forbadeita 
 
 poultry, fed'rfe 
 
 predict, prufazeia 
 
 portent, forbadeitung 
 
 pound, pund 
 
 predicted, gaprufazeid 
 
 portentoas, 
 
 pound, v., klupa, 
 
 predominance,iw'rhund 
 
 forbadeit'nd 
 
 shdosa, shlugii 
 
 predominate, 
 
 portion, dal 
 
 pound-apple, foliwulter 
 
 iw'rhond nemil 
 
 portmanteau, reisasuk 
 
 pour, gesa, shida 
 
 preface, forrad 
 
 portrait, bild 
 
 pour out, eishenka, 
 
 prefer, forzega 
 
 portray, obmola 
 
 ousshenka 
 
 preference, forzug 
 
 position, shdond, shdel pout, brudsa 
 positively, ousdriklich pouter, brudskew'l 
 
 pregnant, shwungar 
 prejudice, forurteil 
 
 possess, b'sidsa 
 
 pouty, brudsich 
 
 premeditate, 
 
 possession, eigadum, 
 
 poverty, urmood 
 
 forhar b'denka 
 
 b' si Js 
 
 powder, pulw'r, pudra, 
 
 premier, ars'u^'r 
 
 possessor, b'sids'r 
 
 shdawb 
 
 premises, hous un hof 
 
 possible, meglich, 
 
 powdered, frmawla 
 
 premonition, 
 
 maglich 
 
 powderhorn, 
 
 forshtelung 
 
 positive, g'wis, shoor 
 
 pulw'rhorn 
 
 prepaid, 
 
 post, pushda, shdela 
 
 power, kruft, g'wult 
 
 furna nous b'zawlt 
 
 postage, pushdgeid 
 
 powerful , g' wolt ich , 
 
 preparation, rishting, 
 
 posterior, hma 
 
 mechtich 
 
 forbareitung 
 
 posthumous, hinarliisa 
 
 pow wow, broucha 
 
 prepare, bareit mucha, 
 
 postmaster, 
 
 pox, frunzos-I 
 
 rishta, forbareita, 
 
 pushtmasht'r 
 
 practicable, maglich 
 
 zurishda or zurichda 
 
 post-meridian, 
 
 practice, ousewa, eeb'n 
 
 prepared, zug'rishd, 
 
 nochmidog 
 
 praise, lob, loba 
 
 bareit 
 
 post-office, pushtufis 
 
 praised, b'lobd 
 
 prepay, _ 
 
 postpone, obdu, 
 
 pranks, shdrach 
 
 forna nuns bezawla 
 
 ufshewa 
 
 prate, bob'l, plouda-ra 
 
 preponderance, 
 
 postponed, ufg'showa 
 
 prattie, ploudara 
 
 iw'rg'wicht 
 
 postscript, nochshrift 
 
 pray, bad a, bid a 
 
 preposterous , f" rkart , 
 
 postulate, fudra 
 
 pray after, nochbada 
 
 ungaheiarlich 
 
 posture, shdel, shdond, 
 
 prayer, gabad 
 
 prerogative^ forrecht 
 
 zushtond 
 
 preach, bredicha or 
 
 presbyter, eldesht'r 
 
 posy, blumashtrous 
 
 predicha 
 
 prescription, rasad, 
 
 pot, beilar, kruk, hofa, 
 
 preacher, bredich'r, 
 
 razept 
 
 kesel, kuchhofa, 
 
 pora, radnar 
 
 presence, gag'n wurt 
 
 pi. hefTi 
 
 precarious, unsichar 
 
 present, gagawartig, 
 
 potash, badesu j precaution, forsicht 
 
 shenka, gashnk, 
 
 potation, trunk 
 
 precautious, forsichtich 
 
 b'shenka 
 
 potato, grumbar precede, forga, forharga 
 potbelly, diksok i precept, rag'l 
 
 preservation, arhultung 
 preserve, eimucha, 
 
 potent, g'woltich, 
 
 preceptor, lar'r 
 
 b'holda, arhulta. 
 
 mechtich 
 
 precinct, bazark 
 
 bawawra, b'heta 
 
 22a 
 
 341 
 
preserves 
 
 preserves, 
 
 eig'mocht soch 
 
 preside, forsitsa 
 
 president, forsits' r 
 
 press, drika, nadicha, 
 
 beidrika 
 
 pressure, druk 
 
 presume, mudmawsa 
 presumption, 
 
 mudmawsung 
 pretend, awlusa 
 
 pretense, ousrad 
 
 pretension, awshpruch 
 pretext, awshpruch , 
 
 ousrad 
 
 pretty, sha, hibsch, 
 
 ned, adv. zemlich 
 
 pretzel, shdreis'l 
 
 prevail, iw'rwina, 
 
 iw'rhond hawba, 
 
 g'wina 
 
 prevalence, iw'rhond 
 prevaricate, lega 
 
 prevarication, leg 
 
 prevaricator, legn' r 
 prevent, farheda, 
 
 hinara 
 prevention, 
 
 farhinarung 
 previously, forhar 
 
 prey, rawb 
 
 price, wart 
 
 prick, dorn, shdecha, 
 shdich, shdoch'l 
 prickle, shdoch'l 
 
 prickly, shdochlich 
 prickly-heat, hitspuka 
 pride, hochmud, procht 
 priest, pof 
 
 prim, ned, gazert 
 
 primary, arsht 
 
 prime, arsht 
 
 primeval, urshpringlich 
 priming, zindpulfr 
 primitive, urspringlich 
 primogeniture, 
 
 arsht gaburt 
 
 primrose, shlis'lblum 
 
 principal, hawbdsum, 
 
 fornamsbd 
 
 principal part, 
 
 houbdshtik j 
 
 principle, grundsods 
 print, druk, druka 
 printer, druk'r 
 
 printing office, drukarei 
 prints, kodoon 
 
 prior, fre'r, eldar 
 prison, present 
 
 private, hamlich 
 
 privilege, forrecht 
 
 privy, lit'lhous 
 
 prize, shetsa, balonung 
 probability, awshein, 
 
 wawrsheinlichkad 
 
 probable, maglich, 
 
 wawrsheinlich 
 
 probably, frmudlich, 
 
 wawrsheinlich 
 
 probate, b'weisa 
 
 probation, b'weis 
 
 proboscis, res' 1 
 
 proceed, forwarts ga 
 
 proceeding, bagin 
 
 proclaim, ousshreia, 
 
 f rkindicha, ousrufa 
 
 proclaimed, ousg'shriwa 
 
 proclamation, ousrut' 
 
 procrastinate, awshta, 
 
 ufshewa 
 
 procrastinated, 
 
 ufg'showa 
 procure, beishofa, 
 
 awshofa, f rshofa 
 prodigal, dorchbringar 
 prodigal son, f rlora so 
 prodigious, wuuarbawr 
 prodigy, wunar 
 
 produce, forbringa 
 
 produce, n., prodiikta 
 produce fire, zinda 
 profanity, unheilichkad 
 Gut leshdara 
 profess, b'kena 
 
 profession, b'kendnis 
 professor, profes'r 
 
 proffer, awbedii 
 
 profit, brofit, nudsa, 
 b'nudsa 
 
 profitable, nidslich 
 profound, def 
 
 profuse, iw'rflisich 
 
 progeny, gashlecht 
 progress, fortshrit, reis 
 
 proved 
 
 prognosticate, 
 
 forharsawga 
 prohibit, farhinara, 
 farwara, farbeda 
 project, plon 
 
 prolific, fruchtbawr 
 prolong, frlengara 
 promiscuous, farward 
 promise, frshprecha 
 promised, farshpriicha 
 prompt, bareit, shnel, 
 pinktlich 
 promptness, 
 
 pinktlichkad 
 
 promulgated, ousg'sawd 
 
 prone to cry, farheild 
 
 prong (of a fork) zoka, 
 
 zinka 
 
 pronounce, ousshprecha 
 pronounced, 
 
 ousg'shprucha 
 pronounce not guilty, 
 
 losshprecha 
 pronunciation, 
 
 ousshbroch 
 
 proof, nochweis, b'weis 
 
 proper, zwekrnasich, 
 
 richtich, awkuma 
 
 property, eigadum 
 
 prophecy, weissawgung 
 
 prophesied, gaprutazeid 
 
 prophet, profat 
 
 propose, ogewa, 
 
 forshloga 
 
 proprietor, agner 
 
 prosecute, awklawga. 
 ogewa, farfulya 
 proselyte, nei b'kard'r 
 prospect, oussicht 
 
 prosper, ufkuma, 
 
 awkuma 
 
 prosperous, gliklich 
 prostrate, damedich, 
 nidar g'shloga 
 protect, b'beta 
 
 prothonotary, wasafot'r 
 protract, nouszega 
 
 proud, shdfils 
 
 proud-flesh, wildtiash, 
 prove, beweisa, 
 
 iw'rweisa 
 proved, iw'rwisa 
 
 342 
 
proverb 
 
 proverb, shbrichword 
 provide, f rsaa, f rsana, 
 awshofa, beishofa 
 provision, forrod 
 
 provoke, f r/arna 
 
 proximate, nagshd 
 prudence, kluchhad 
 prudent, kluch 
 
 prune, bam budsa, 
 
 ousbudsa 
 pruninghook, 
 
 bawmmeVr 
 pry, neigerich guka, 
 
 neidringa 
 prying, wunarfidsich, 
 
 neigerich 
 
 psalter, psolt'r 
 
 pseudo-christian, moul- 
 grishd, nawmagrishd 
 puberty, 
 
 buwa farenarung 
 public, efentlich 
 
 publication, 
 
 b'kondmochung 
 public sale, fendu 
 
 publish, b'kondmocha, 
 
 rousgewa 
 
 pucker, runs' la 
 
 puddle, drekluch 
 
 puddle-work, 
 
 sud'larwet 
 
 puerile, kinish 
 
 puff, houch 
 
 pugnosed, 
 
 shdumpnawsich 
 puke, kuts 
 
 pull, rupa, zuk, zega, 
 
 reisa, zub 
 
 pulley, win 
 
 pulpit, kons'l 
 
 pulpit orator, 
 
 kons'lradn'r 
 pulverized, frmawla 
 ptwnice-stone, biinshta 
 pump, bumb 
 
 pump-handle, shweug'l 
 pun, wordshbel 
 
 punch-bellied, 
 
 diksekich 
 
 punctual, pinktlich 
 
 pungent, beisich, shorf, 
 
 krodsicii 
 
 quill 
 
 punish, shdrofa 
 
 punishment, shdrof 
 punk, punk, shwom 
 puny, kia 
 
 pupil, shoolar 
 
 pupil (of the eye), 
 
 awgaob'l 
 
 puppy, yung'r hunt 
 purchase, kawfa, 
 
 eikawta 
 
 purchaser, kawfmon 
 pure, ra, souwar, rein 
 purgative, loksering 
 purify, reinicha 
 
 purloin, shdala 
 
 purloiner, deb 
 
 purport, badeitung, 
 
 inhold 
 purpose, fornema, 
 
 obsicht 
 
 purse, geldsok 
 
 purslane, seibarz' 1 
 
 pursue, shbrenga, 
 
 nochga 
 
 pus, modaring 
 
 push, shewa 
 
 pussy, busi 
 
 put, shdela 
 
 put down, arnedricha 
 put in, eisetsa 
 
 put in order, eirichta 
 put into ^ives, fosa 
 put-log, garishdhuls 
 put off, awshta, 
 
 ufg'showa 
 
 put out, f rlesha. lesha 
 putrefy, foula 
 
 putrid, foul 
 
 put to vote, obshtima 
 putty, kit 
 
 put up, ufshdela 
 
 put up at, eikara 
 
 puzzle, rats'l, ketsh 
 [puzzle-grass, 
 
 shtrafich-gros 
 
 kwoksa 
 quadrangle, ferek 
 
 quadrangular, ferekich 
 quadrilateral, ferek 
 quadruped, ferfesig 
 
 quadruple, ferfeldich 
 quaif, zecha 
 
 quagmire, sump 
 
 quail, bodres'l 
 
 quaint, sund'rbawr 
 quake, zit'ra 
 
 qualification, faiehkad, 
 eigashoft 
 
 quality, ort, shdond, 
 eigashoft 
 
 quandary, frlegehad 
 
 quantity, gras, we fel 
 
 quarrel, n., krokal, 
 
 shdreid 
 
 quarrel, v., awfechta, 
 
 krokala, grogala, 
 
 zonka, shdreida 
 
 quarrel er, krokal' r 
 
 quarreling, shdreidich 
 
 quarrelsome , sh dreidieb. 
 
 quarry, shdabruch, 
 
 shdabrecha 
 
 quart, kwort 
 
 quarter, fart'l 
 
 quartz, woka 
 
 quash, farnichda 
 
 quaver, zit'ra 
 
 quay, dom 
 
 queen, kanich'n 
 
 queer, afeldich, 
 
 sund'rbawr 
 
 quell, dempa 
 
 quench, lesha 
 
 query, frok 
 
 quest, sucha 
 
 question, frok, b'froga 
 questionable, 
 
 zweif Ihoft 
 
 quibble, falarfina 
 
 quick, flink, gash wind, 
 hordich, rosh, shnel 
 quicksand, 
 
 g'fladsd'rs'jnd 
 quicksilver, kweksilv'r 
 quid, kou 
 
 quiescence, roo 
 
 quiescent, ruich 
 
 quiet, shdil, ruich, 
 ruk, dishdra, 
 quietly, sochta 
 
 quietus, roo 
 
 quill, fed'r, fed'rkeit'l 
 
 343 
 
quilt 
 
 recast 
 
 quilt, debich, kwilt, 
 
 rag-picker, 
 
 ratify, bashdadich 
 
 kwilta, shdepa 
 
 lumpa soml'r 
 
 rather, fre'r, leber, 
 
 quilting, kwilting 
 
 rail, rig'l, leshdara, 
 
 ah'r, ziemlich 
 
 quince, kwit 
 
 shbuta 
 
 ratio, farheldnis 
 
 quinsy, holswa 
 
 railroad, rig'lwag 
 
 ratiocinate, shlesa,folga 
 
 quinquennial, 
 
 raiment, glad 
 
 ratiocination, shlus 
 
 finfyarich 
 
 rain, ray a 
 
 rational, farninftig 
 
 quintuple, finf-feldich 
 
 rain-arauge, rayames'r 
 
 rattan, roi-shduk 
 
 quit, meida, shdupa 
 
 rain-spout, dochkond'l 
 
 rattle, ropla, klepra, 
 
 quite, gawr, ordl^ch, 
 
 rainy, rayarich, sudlich 
 
 rosia 
 
 gons ziemlich 
 
 raise, ufrichta, ufzega, 
 
 rattlesnake, ros'lshlong 
 
 quit-noticed, ousg'buta 
 
 zega, hawa, ufshloga 
 
 ravage, farhara 
 
 quiver, peilasok, zuka, 
 
 raised, g'zuga 
 
 rave, weda, rawsa 
 
 zit' ra 
 
 raisin, rosein 
 
 ravel, farwikla 
 
 quiz, frok, froga, rats' 1 
 
 rake, kitsh, recha 
 
 raven, rawba 
 
 quoin, ek 
 
 rake after, norecba 
 
 ravenous, wulfich 
 
 quoit, kwat 
 
 rakish, wild 
 
 raving, rawsend,wedick 
 
 quotation, nochsawgung 
 
 rally, somla 
 
 ravish, rawwa, shenda 
 
 quote, nochsawgu,, 
 
 ram, buk, wid'r, 
 
 ravisher, shend'r 
 
 awfera 
 
 shofbuk 
 
 raw, ro 
 
 quoth, sawgta 
 
 ramble, rumlawfa 
 
 ray, shdrawla 
 
 
 ramrod, lawdshteka 
 
 raylike, shdrawlich. 
 
 R 
 
 ramshackle, roplich 
 
 raze, nidar reisa, 
 
 Words beginning with 
 
 rancid, shdork 
 random, zufol 
 
 fardilya 
 razor, bolwermes'r 
 
 the prefix re are gener- 
 ally translated by com- 
 pounding wid'r with the 
 root word. Such will 
 
 range, n., kuchufa 
 range, v., rumwondra 
 ranger, yagar 
 rank, ordning, klos, 
 
 reach, longa, arlonga, 
 racha 
 read, lasa, f rlasa 
 reader, las'r 
 
 be omitted. 
 
 shdond, shlecht, 
 
 read off, oblasa 
 
 rabbet, fug 
 
 shdinkich 
 
 ready, garishd, bzlreit, 
 
 rabbit, haws 
 
 ransack, dorchsucha 
 
 fardick 
 
 rabid, rawsend 
 
 ransom, loskawfa 
 
 real, warklich 
 
 raccoon, doks, rogoon 
 
 ranter, shdarmar 
 
 reality, warklichkad, 
 
 race, ras, gushlecht, 
 
 rap, n., shdrach, shlag 
 
 woret 
 
 shdom, lawf 
 
 rap, v., shlawga, klupa 
 
 really, warklich 
 
 rack, ref, lad'r 
 
 rapid, g'shwind, shnel 
 
 realm, reich, 
 
 racket, larm 
 
 rapidly, reisend 
 
 kanichreich. 
 
 radiance, shdrawla 
 
 rapine, rawwarei 
 
 reap, maa 
 
 radiant, shdrawlicli 
 
 rare, rawr 
 
 reaper, mamoshen 
 
 radiate, shdrawla 
 
 raree-show, kukoshda 
 
 rear, hinardal, ufzega 
 
 radical, urspringlich, 
 
 rarefy, din wara 
 
 reason, furshtond, 
 
 awgabora, grindlich j rarely, wunarselda 
 
 oorsoch, farnuiift 
 
 radish, redich | rarity, rawrichkad 
 
 reasonable, farniui'tig, 
 
 raffle, husla, 
 
 rascal, buk'r, holunk 
 
 ziemlich 
 
 rafter, shbora, wols 
 
 rascality, nidardrech- 
 
 rebate, oblusa 
 
 rag, hud'l, lumpa, 
 
 dichkad 
 
 rebound, z'rik bounsa 
 
 lopa, zud'l 
 
 rash, fris'l, rosh, 
 
 rebuff, z'rikshdoa 
 
 rage, zorn, rawsa 
 
 forwidsich 
 
 rebuke, obshtrofa, 
 
 ragged, lumpich, 
 
 rasp, roshb'l 
 
 shelda 
 
 zudlich 
 
 raspberry, hambera 
 
 recall, z'rikrufa 
 
 raid, eifol 
 
 rat, rot 
 
 recast, iw'rgesa 
 
 344 
 
recede 
 
 remarkable 
 
 recede, nochgawa, 
 
 redeemer, arias' r 
 
 regicide, kanichsmord 
 
 z'rik ga 
 
 heilonc 
 
 region, gagend 
 
 receipt, rasad, razept 
 
 redemption, loskawfung 
 
 regiment, regament 
 
 receive, awnama, grick 
 
 red herring, pikling 
 
 register, ufshreiwa, 
 
 receiver, nemar 
 
 red hot, eledich 
 
 eishreiwa, ragishd'r 
 
 receiver (of stolen] redolence, wolg'ruch 
 
 regret, reia, b'reia, 
 
 goods), halarjred precipitate, 
 
 badoura 
 
 recent, nei, kartslich | rod prasibadawt 
 
 regular, rag'lmasich 
 
 recently, neilich 
 
 redress, obhelfa 
 
 regularity, 
 
 receptacle, g'shar 
 
 reduce, wenich'rmocha 
 
 rag'lmasichkad 
 
 reception, ufnawm 
 
 redundancy, iw'rflus 
 
 regulate, ragla, reg'lera 
 
 recess, wink'l 
 
 reduplicate, fardup'la 
 
 reign, ragera 
 
 recipe, rasad, razept 
 
 reduplication, 
 
 rein, zawm 
 
 reciprocal, umgakard 
 
 fardup'lung 
 
 reiterate, wid'rnola 
 
 recite, oblasa, ufsawga 
 
 re-echo, z'rik shola 
 
 reject, z'rik shdela, 
 
 reckless, rosh, shlopich 
 
 reed, ror 
 
 farshtosa, obsawga 
 
 sorgalos 
 
 reel, hoshb'la, dorgla, 
 
 rejoice, fraa, arfreia 
 
 reckon, rechla, uf/ala 
 
 hoshbel 
 
 rejoinder, ontwort 
 
 reckoning, zech 
 
 refer, z'rik weisa, 
 
 relapse, z'rikfol 
 
 recline, lana, rooa, 
 
 zushika 
 
 relate, awbalonga, sog, 
 
 z'riklana 
 
 reference, b'weisung 
 
 farzala 
 
 recognize, kena,arkena 
 
 refine, fein'r mocha 
 
 relation, freindshoft, 
 
 recoil, z'rikshbringa, 
 
 reflect, shbig'la 
 
 farheldnis 
 
 z'rikzega 
 
 reform, bes'ra 
 
 relative, bloodsfreind 
 
 recollect, ^rin'ra, 
 
 Reformed, Reform erd 
 
 relax, nochlusi 
 
 beifola 
 
 reformer, f arbes' rar 
 
 release, losshprechk, 
 
 recollection, eifol 
 
 refract, brecha 
 
 loslusa, freilusa, 
 
 recommend, awbafala 
 
 refraction, 
 
 freigewa 
 
 recompense, balona, 
 
 shdrawlabrechung 
 
 relent, nochgewa, 
 
 z'rikbazawla 
 
 refrain, d'funbleiba, 
 
 nochlusa 
 
 reconcile, ufmocha 
 
 refresh, arfrisha, 
 
 relentless, 
 
 record, nunarshreiwa, 
 
 arkwika 
 
 unborniharzich 
 
 ragishd'r 
 
 refreshing, arfrishung, 
 
 reliable, farlesig, 
 
 recover, bes'r wara, 
 
 arkwikung 
 
 rechtshota 
 
 z'rik grik 
 
 refreshment, arfrishuug 
 
 reliance, zufardroua 
 
 recreant, folsh 
 
 refrigerate, kela,obkela 
 
 relic, awdenka 
 
 recreate, arkwika 
 
 refrigerator, kel'r 
 
 relict, hinarlus'na'wid- 
 
 recreation, arfrishung, 
 
 refuge, zuflucht 
 
 fraw 
 
 arkwikung 
 
 refulgence, glons 
 
 relief, hilf 
 
 rectangle, ferek 
 
 refund, z'rik b'zawla 
 
 relieve, leicht'r mocha, 
 
 rectangular, ferekich 
 
 refusal, obsawgung, 
 
 helfa 
 
 rectified, gedishd'lerd 
 
 wawl 
 
 religion, releyon 
 
 rectify, recht mocha 
 
 refuse, obsawga, obfol, 
 
 relinquish, iw'rlusa, 
 
 rectum, mosht dorm 
 
 widra 
 
 ufgewa, farlusa 
 
 recumbent, legend 
 
 refused, obg'shprucha, 
 
 relish, garn esa,shmoka 
 
 recuperate, ousruga 
 
 obg'sawd 
 
 rely, druf farlusa 
 
 red, rod or rot 
 
 regal, kanichlich 
 
 remain, bleiba 
 
 red chalk, rad'l 
 
 regard, ochtung, ochta, 
 
 remainder, iw'rreshd 
 
 reddish, rodlich 
 
 awsana 
 
 remained, gabliwa 
 
 re Idle, rad'l 
 
 regeneration, 
 
 remark, bamarka 
 
 redeem, loskawfa, 
 
 wid'rgaburt 
 
 remarkable, 
 
 arlasa regent, ragerend 
 
 markwardich 
 
 345 
 
remedy 
 
 remedy, heilmit'l, mid'l 
 
 remember, eifola,gresa, 
 
 in gadonka, holda, 
 
 beifola, arin'ra, 
 
 g'denka, b'denka 
 
 remembrance, eifol, 
 
 awdenka 
 
 remind, gamona, 
 
 arin'ra 
 
 reminder, denkzet'l, 
 odenka 
 
 reminiscence, arin'rung 
 remiss, nochlesich 
 
 remission, fargabung 
 remissness, 
 
 nochlesichkad 
 
 remit, arlosa, 
 
 z'rikshika 
 
 remnant, iw'rreshd 
 
 remonstrance, forshtel- 
 
 ung, armawnung 
 
 remorse, reia 
 
 remote, farn 
 
 remove, wekshofa, 
 
 wekdoo, obdonka 
 
 removed, gazuga 
 
 remunerate, balona 
 
 remuneration, balonung 
 
 renard, fuks 
 
 rend, fareisa 
 
 render, iw'rsetsa, 
 
 mocha 
 
 renew, neimocha 
 
 renounce, obsawga, 
 
 obshwara 
 
 renovate, neimocha 
 renown, room 
 
 renowned, baremd 
 rent, ris 
 
 repair, gaa, bes'ra, 
 farzimara 
 
 repast, mawlzeit 
 
 repeal, obshofa 
 
 repeat, iw'rmocha, 
 wid'rhola, nochsawga 
 repel, z'rikshdosa 
 
 repent, b'reia 
 
 repentance, reia 
 
 repentant, reimedich 
 repetition, wid'rholung 
 replenish, ful mocha 
 replete, ful 
 
 reply, ontwurt, 
 
 ontworta 
 
 repoi't, nochsawga, 
 
 baricht, barichta 
 
 repose, rooa, roo 
 
 represent, fartrata 
 
 representative, shdel- 
 
 fartratend 
 
 repress, eiholda, 
 
 unardrika 
 
 reprimand, obshtrofa, 
 obkopa 
 
 reproach, b'leidicha,. 
 bagagna 
 
 reproof, shtrofing 
 
 roprove, obshtrofa 
 
 reptile, shlong 
 
 Republican, Wik, 
 
 Republikawn'r 
 repugnant, 
 
 wid'rwardich 
 
 repulse, z'rikdreiwung, 
 
 z'rikshdos, 
 
 z'rikdreiwa 
 
 reputable, awsanlich, 
 osanlich 
 
 reputation, gut'rnawma 
 repute, ocht 
 
 request, bagar, hasa, 
 frok, bagar a 
 requested, awbafolii 
 require, froga, farlotiga 
 required, g'numa 
 
 requirement, fudruug 
 requisite, nodwenich 
 requite, baiona 
 
 rescue, bafreiung, hilf, 
 helfa, bafreia, reta 
 research, unarsucha 
 resemble, gleich guka, 
 gleicha 
 
 resent, iwei nema 
 
 resensment, zorn 
 
 reservation, 
 
 z'rik holtung 
 reserve, z'rikholta 
 
 reside, wona 
 
 residence, woning 
 
 resident, eiwonar 
 
 residue, iw' riches 
 
 resign, ufgewa. 
 
 obdonka 
 
 retributive 
 
 resin, beindhurts. horta 
 resinous, hordsich 
 
 resist, wid'rshtaa 
 
 resistance, wid'rshdond 
 resolution, b'shlus 
 
 resolve, b'shlesa, 
 
 shmelsa 
 
 resolved , bareit 
 
 resort, zuflucht nema, 
 
 b'sucha, farsomla, 
 
 zuflucht 
 
 resource, zuflucht 
 
 respect, ocht.hochochta 
 respectable, awsanlich 
 respiration, shuoufa, 
 
 ochdem 
 
 resplendence, glons 
 
 replendent, glensend 
 
 respond, ontworta 
 
 response, ontwort 
 
 responsible, ontwortlich 
 
 rest, roo, ruga, rooya, 
 
 rooplots, ousruga, 
 
 iw' riches 
 
 restitution, z'rikgawb 
 restless, unrooich 
 
 restlessness, unroo 
 restore, gut mocha 
 
 restrain, wara 
 
 z'rikholda 
 
 restraint, eihold 
 
 restrict, eiholda 
 
 restriction, eihold 
 
 result, nochfulga 
 
 resume, ufnema 
 
 resurrection, 
 
 oufurshtaung 
 resuscitate, oufarweka 
 retail, beimglana 
 
 retain, holda 
 
 retainer, awhengar 
 retard, ufholda, 
 
 eiholda 
 
 retch, kutea 
 
 retention, z'rikholduug 
 reticence, 
 
 farshweigung 
 reticulum, neds 
 
 retire, ufgewa, wekga 
 retreat, z'rik fola, 
 
 z'rik zega 
 retributive, fargeita 
 
 346 
 
retrogression 
 
 retrogression, 
 
 krebsgong 
 return, z'rik kuma, 
 
 z'rik zega 
 
 reveal, ufnbawra 
 
 revel, shwarma, 
 
 shmousa 
 
 revelation, uf'nbawring 
 revelry, shbre 
 
 revenge, z'rik bazawla, 
 shdrofa, rocha 
 revengefulness, rochyer 
 reverberate, shola 
 
 revere, farara 
 
 reverence, arwartiga 
 reverse, rumdraa, 
 
 umkara 
 
 revery, gadonka 
 
 review. dorchsana 
 
 revile, shimpa 
 
 revise, farenara 
 
 revival, 
 
 wid' rharshdeling 
 revoke, obsawga, 
 
 wid' rrufa 
 
 revolve, meind uf 
 
 mocha, umwelsa, 
 
 umdraa 
 
 reward, balonung, 
 
 balona 
 
 rheum, shnupa 
 
 rheumatism, rumadis, 
 
 flus 
 
 rheumy, flusich 
 
 rhinoceros, nawshorn 
 rhubarb, rabarbraw 
 rhyme, reim, reima 
 rib, rip 
 
 ribbon, bond, pi. ben'r 
 rice, reis 
 
 7ich, reich 
 
 riches, reichdum 
 
 rickets, rik kronkhad 
 rickety, los 
 
 rid, frei, los, losmocha 
 ride, reida, fawra 
 
 riddle, rats'l 
 
 ridge, rik 
 
 ridge-lead. dochshtul 
 ridge-pole, dochfarsht 
 ridiculous, lecharlich 
 rifle, biksa, rawwa 
 
 ridicule, i^rshbuta, 
 
 lecharlich mocha, 
 
 farlocha 
 
 rift, ris 
 
 right, recht, awblik, 
 
 richtich 
 
 righteous, g' recht 
 
 rigid, shdeif 
 
 rigorous, shdreng 
 
 rill, krik 
 
 rim (of a wheel), felya, 
 ronft 
 
 rime, reifa 
 
 rind, shawla, shwort, 
 
 shbekshwart 
 
 ring, klong, belzega, 
 
 ringa, bela 
 
 ringlet, krul, ring'l 
 
 rinse, ousbudsa,shbela, 
 
 ousshena, shwenka, 
 
 obshwenka, shelda, 
 
 ousshwenka 
 
 riot, ufror 
 
 rip, obtrena, uftrena 
 
 ripe, zeitich, marb 
 
 rise, shdeiga, ufshda, 
 
 ufga, ufzukuma 
 
 risen, ufgonga, 
 
 ufg'shtona 
 
 risible, lecharlich 
 
 rising, ufshdond 
 
 risk, g'for 
 
 rival, mitshdreid'r 
 
 river, rew'r 
 
 rivet, awneda, neda, 
 umneda 
 
 rivet-bolt, ned-nog'l 
 rivulet, krik 
 
 roach, shwob 
 
 road, shdros, wag 
 
 roam, rum harga 
 
 roar, brila 
 
 roast, roshd, rashd, 
 broda, rashd a 
 rob, rawwa 
 
 robber, rawwar 
 
 robbery, rawwarei 
 
 robin, omshel 
 
 robust, rishtich,shdork, 
 kreftich, rouboshdich 
 rock, felsa, shukla 
 rocker, shuk'l shtool 
 
 row 
 
 rock-candy, 
 
 kond'lzuk'r 
 rocking-chair, 
 
 ehiik'l shtool 
 rocky, felsich 
 
 rod, root, shdong 
 
 roe, harshkoo, fishoiar 
 rogue, shelm, sholk 
 roguery, badreyarei 
 roisterer, shdarmar 
 roll, welsa, awwikla, 
 rul, rula, wolsa 
 roller, rul'r 
 
 rolling-pin, wark'lhuls, 
 dralhuls 
 
 roll over, iw'rwelsa 
 
 Roman, Ram'r 
 
 romp, rum shbringa 
 
 im shbela 
 
 roof, doch, deka 
 
 roof-laths, lota 
 
 rook, krop 
 
 room, shdub, blods 
 roost, hinkelshdong, 
 
 ufsitsa 
 
 rooster, hawna 
 
 root, worz'l 
 
 rootlet, warz'lch'r 
 
 root out, up, ousruta 
 rope, shdrik 
 
 rose, ros 
 
 rosin, rosum k hords 
 rot, farfoula, foula 
 rotation, umdraung, 
 
 weks'l 
 
 rotten, foul, awg'fouid 
 rotund, rund 
 
 rough, ly, ro, rou, griib 
 round, rund, rum, 
 
 herum 
 
 roundish, rundlich 
 round jacket, womes 
 roundness, runding 
 rounds (of a ladder), 
 
 shprusa or shbrusa 
 rouse, ufrera, ufweka 
 rout, faryawga 
 
 route, wag 
 
 rove, flongera 
 
 row, n., roi 
 
 row, v., pedla, rud'ra 
 row, larm 
 
 347 
 
rowdy 
 
 rowdy, roubeg'l,roubels 
 
 rustic, adj., lendlich 
 
 royal, kanichlich 
 
 rustle, rosla, rousha, 
 
 rub, reib, reiwa, 
 
 ropla 
 
 awreiwa 
 
 rut, glas 
 
 rubber, iw'rshoo,reiwar 
 
 ruta-baga, golrewa 
 
 rubbish, obfol, unrod 
 
 ruthless, 
 
 rubble, rulshda 
 
 unbormharzich 
 
 rubicund, rot 
 
 rye, korn 
 
 rub out, ouswisha 
 
 
 rudder, rud'r 
 
 s 
 
 ruddy, rot 
 
 Sabbath, Sundog 
 
 rude, ly, rou, grub, 
 
 sable, shworts 
 
 rilpsich 
 
 saccharine, zuk'rich 
 
 rue, routa, b'klawga 
 
 sack, sekcha, eidar,sok, 
 
 ruflf, folda 
 
 rawwa, fardarwa 
 
 ruffian, rou'r, roubels, 
 
 sacrament, sokroment 
 
 roubeg'l 
 
 sacred, ly, heilich 
 
 runle, folda 
 
 sacrifice, upfr 
 
 rugged, rou 
 
 sacrilege, leshdara 
 
 rain, farfol 
 
 sad, ly, shlimm, 
 
 ruin, v., fardarwa, 
 
 badrebd, drourich 
 
 herichta, runganera 
 
 sadden, badreba 
 
 ruinous, bcmchfelig 
 
 saddle, sod'l 
 
 rule, rular, rag'l, 
 
 saddle-bag, sod'l-s5k 
 
 richtshnur 
 
 saddler, sodlar 
 
 rule, v., ragera 
 
 sad-iron, big'leisa 
 
 rumble, rumbla, rosla 
 
 sadness, drourichkad, 
 
 ruminating, edrich 
 
 badrebung 
 
 rumor, g'krish, shwets 
 
 safe, ly, sichar 
 
 rump, bardzl 
 
 safety, sich'rplots, 
 
 rumple, runs' 1, folda 
 
 sicharhad 
 
 rumpus, larm 
 
 safeguard, ?huts 
 
 run, n., krik 
 
 saffron, sofron, gal 
 
 run, v. t shbringa, 
 
 sag, senka 
 
 rena, luwfa 
 
 sagacious, shorf 
 
 run away, off, dorchgaa 
 
 sagacity, shorfsin 
 
 obg'lufa 
 
 sage, solwei, g'sheit, 
 
 rundle, shbrusa 
 
 kluch 
 
 run down, oblawfa 
 
 said, g'sawt 
 
 runners, lafr, 
 
 sail, sag'l, sag'lduch, 
 
 shlittalaf r 
 
 sa fawra 
 
 running, flesend 
 
 sailor, ' shifmon, 
 
 run over, iw rlawfa 
 
 pi. shif leit 
 
 rupture, bruch 
 
 saint, heiliga 
 
 rural, lendlich 
 
 sake, oorsoch 
 
 rush, n., bins 
 
 salad, zolawd 
 
 rush, v., rousha 
 
 salary, lo, lu 
 
 rust, rusht 
 
 sale, obsods, fendu 
 
 rusted, awg'rushd, 
 
 saleable, farkawfhch 
 
 awrushta 
 
 salesman, kawfmon 
 
 rustic, n., bou'r, 
 
 saline, solsig 
 
 lonsmou 
 
 saliva, shbouds 
 
 satisfied 
 
 sallow, gal, blach 
 
 sally, forshbrung, eifol 
 salt, sols 
 
 salt-cellar, solsboka 
 salt down, eisolza 
 
 saltpetre, solbad'r 
 
 saitrheum, solsflua 
 
 salubrious, gasund 
 salutation, grus 
 
 salute, gresa 
 
 saluted, awg'shusa 
 salvation, salichkad, 
 
 arlasung 
 
 salve. solb 
 
 same, namlich 
 
 sample, beishbel, 
 
 mushd'r 
 sanctification, 
 
 heilichung 
 
 sanctify, heilicha 
 
 sanctimonious, heilich 
 sanctuary, heilich turn 
 sand, sond 
 
 sandpaper, sondbober 
 sandstone, sondshda 
 sandy, sondforbich, 
 sondich 
 
 sane, g'sheit, recht 
 sanguinary, bludig 
 sanguine, hofnungsful 
 sanity, gasundhad, 
 gasund' r farshtond 
 Santa Glaus, belsnik'l 
 sap, soft 
 
 sapling, zopling 
 
 saponaceous, safig 
 
 saponify, awsafa 
 
 sappy, sot'tig 
 
 sarcasm, bidra shb^t, 
 beisich'r shtmt 
 sarsaparilla, sosafril 
 sash, fenshd'r awma 
 sash-window, 
 
 sheb fenshd'r 
 sassafras, sosafros 
 
 sat, sos 
 
 Satan, Saw ton 
 
 Satanic, Sawtonish 
 satiated, sot 
 
 satisfaction, 
 
 bafredichung 
 satisfied, sot 
 
 348 
 
satisfy 
 
 satisfy, b5>fredicha, 
 b'zawla 
 
 Saturday, Somshdog 
 sauce, dunkes 
 
 sauce-pan, kuchpon 
 saucer, bledcha, 
 
 shalcha 
 
 saucy, bodsich, frech, 
 moulich 
 
 sausage, warshd, 
 
 worshd 
 sausage-stuffer, 
 
 warshtrecht'r 
 
 savage, ly, wild, ro 
 
 save, beilaga, uf hawa, 
 
 reta, shbawra, areta, 
 
 f rshbawra, arlasa, 
 
 bawawra 
 
 saved, garet, salich 
 saving, shbawrsom 
 Saviour, Heilond 
 
 savor, gashmok 
 
 savory, shmokhoft, 
 leblich 
 
 saw, sak, sag, f rsaga, 
 
 shbrichword, eisaa, 
 
 saga 
 
 saw-buck, hulsbuk, 
 sakbuk 
 
 saw-dust, sakmal 
 
 saw-truer, sakrichter 
 sawyer, sayar 
 
 saxifrage, meisora 
 
 say, sog, sawga.shbruch 
 saying, sawg, shbruch 
 says, secht 
 
 scab, grind, obhala 
 scabbard, shad 
 
 scabby, grindich 
 
 icaffold, golga, garishd 
 scald, farbrea, obbrea, 
 brea, awbrea 
 scald out, ousbrea 
 
 scale, wok, arshdeiga, 
 mos, ruf grodla, 
 ship (offish) 
 scallop, ousz5ka 
 
 scaly, shipig 
 
 ccamp, shinlood'r, 
 
 niksnuts, dawgdeb 
 scan, guka, sak a 
 
 scandal, awshtos 
 
 scandalous, shendlich, 
 awshtasich 
 
 scant, knops 
 
 scantily, knops. koum 
 scantling, kreidshiils 
 scapegoat, sindabiik 
 scapegrace, niksnuts 
 scar, mol, shawr 
 
 scarabee, shnelar, 
 
 shnelkef r 
 
 scarce, ly, koum, rawr, 
 
 shwarlich, knops. 
 
 shbarlich 
 
 scarcity, mong'l, 
 
 rawrichkad 
 
 scare, shreka, sheia, 
 farshreka 
 
 scare-crow, budsamon 
 scared, fshtard 
 
 scare off, obshreka 
 scarf, holsduch 
 
 scarlet, sholoch 
 
 scarlet fever, 
 
 sholoch few'r 
 scarlet rash, 
 
 sholoch fris'l 
 scatter, shdraa, 
 
 farbrada 
 scatter-brain, 
 
 leichtsinich 
 
 scavenger, shin' r 
 
 scenery, londshoft 
 
 scent, garuch 
 
 sceptic, hort glawbich 
 schedule, zed'l, blawd, 
 lishd, zusedszacha 
 scheme, plon 
 
 schemer, plon moch'r 
 schnapps, shnops 
 
 scholar, galart'r, 
 
 shoolar 
 
 scholarly, galarnd, 
 galart 
 
 school, shool 
 
 schooling, shooling 
 schoolmate, 
 
 shool kumrawd 
 school superintendent, 
 
 shoolbos 
 
 school-tax, shooltoks 
 school teacher, 
 
 shool mashd'r 
 
 scrofula 
 
 schooner, shif, 
 
 shofmon's glos 
 science, kunsht, 
 
 wis'nshoft 
 scintillate, funk 1 la 
 
 scion, zweig 
 
 scissors, shar 
 
 scoff', shbut, shbuta 
 scold, awshnora,moula, 
 shelda, knudara, 
 brumla, knora.zonka 
 scolded, g'shulta 
 
 scoop, ship, shout" 1 
 scorbute, shawrbuk 
 scorch, brena, f rsenka, 
 awbrena 
 
 score, zech, zwonsich 
 scorn, shbut, farochta 
 scoundrel, lump 
 
 scour, reinicha, budsa, 
 wesha 
 
 scourge, gashela 
 
 scowl, shdarn runs' la, 
 zornig guka 
 scrabble, ponhaws 
 
 scramble, krowla 
 
 scrap, shdikli 
 
 scrape, kr5dsa, klem 
 scraper, kitsh 
 
 scratch, krodsa 
 
 scratch out, ouskrodsa 
 scrawl, krids'l 
 
 scream, krish, kreisha 
 screech owl, nocht eil 
 screen, sib 
 
 screw, shroub, shrouba 
 screw-driver, 
 
 shrouwazeg'r 
 screw-jack, win 
 
 screw on, awshrouwa 
 screw-tap, shneideisa 
 screw-thread, g' win 
 scribble, krids'l 
 
 scribbler, kridslar 
 
 scribe, shreiwar 
 
 scrip, sekli, sekcha 
 script, shriftlich 
 
 scriptural, shriftmasig 
 scripture, heilichashrift 
 scrivener, shreiwar 
 scrofula, 
 
 Englishkronkhad 
 
 349 
 
scroll 
 
 scroll, rul 
 
 scrub, ufwesha 
 
 scrubby, gla 
 
 scrupulous, b'denklich, 
 
 zweiflful, zweif 1- 
 
 hoft, g'wisenhoft 
 
 .crutinize, unarsucha 
 
 scull, rud'r 
 
 scullion, g'shar wesh'r 
 
 scum, obshawina, 
 
 obshouma, shoum, 
 
 shawm 
 
 scurrilous, fleg'lhuft 
 
 scurrilous fellow, fleg'l 
 
 scurvy, shawrbuk, 
 
 grindich 
 
 scuttle, kiv'l, kolaam'r 
 scythe, sens 
 
 scythe-anvil, 
 
 deng'lshtuk 
 
 eea, sa 
 
 sea-gull, safug'l 
 
 seal, seg'l, sahunt, 
 
 sig'l, sig'la 
 
 sealingwax, sig'lwoks 
 
 seain, sawm, nod, 
 
 pi. nad 
 
 seamstress , na' rn , 
 
 snneid'rn 
 
 sear, farbrena 
 
 search, dorch sucha, 
 
 such a 
 
 seasick, sakronk 
 
 season, yoreszeit, 
 
 yorsgong 
 
 seasonable, zeitich, 
 bos'nd 
 
 seat, shdool, sits 
 
 secede, z'rikzega, 
 
 obreisa, dafunga 
 secession, obtrenung 
 seclude, wekholda 
 
 second, sagund, zweda 
 second crop, 
 
 awmet, omet 
 
 second hand, sagunda- 
 
 zacha, zweda hond 
 
 secondly, zweda 
 
 second story, shbeich'r 
 
 secret, hamlich, g'ham 
 
 secretary, sekritar, 
 
 shreiwar 
 
 secretly, hamlich 
 
 section, dal, obshnil 
 
 secular, hun'rtyarich, 
 
 weltlich 
 
 secure, farsichara, 
 sichar 
 
 security, sicharhad, bal 
 sedentary, sitsend 
 
 sedge, bins 
 
 sedition, ufror 
 
 seduce, farfera 
 
 seducer, farferar 
 
 sedulous, emsich 
 
 seed, sawm a, sod 
 
 seedlings, plens'lch'r 
 seed-pod, somakup 
 seedtime, sod 
 
 seedy, ful sawma, 
 
 lumpich, sawmareich 
 seek, sucha 
 
 seem, sheina 
 
 seemingly, sheinlich, 
 sheinbawr 
 
 seesaw, gounsha 
 
 seethe, kucha 
 
 segment, obshnit, 
 
 kreis obshnit 
 
 seignior, har 
 
 seine, fish homar, 
 
 shlaf gorn 
 
 seize, awpoka, greifa, 
 
 hold nema, fonga, 
 
 argreifa 
 
 seizure, grif, hold, 
 argreifung 
 
 seldom, selda, seld'n 
 select, ouslasa, wala 
 selection, wawl 
 
 self, selwar, sich, 
 
 selbsht 
 
 self heal, prunelSgrout, 
 
 kreidliwid'rbring, 
 
 brunella 
 
 selfish, agasinish 
 
 selfishness, selbshtsucht 
 self preservation, 
 
 selbsht arholtung 
 self-willed, agasinish 
 sell, farkawfa 
 
 sell out, ousfarkawfa 
 selvedge, selwen, 
 
 solwen 
 
 settled rain 
 
 semblance, awshein 
 
 semen, sawma 
 
 semi-annual, holbyatich 
 
 semi-circle, holbkreis 
 
 seminary, sermnawr 
 
 senate, senawt 
 
 senator, senawtor 
 
 send, shika 
 
 seneca snake-root, 
 
 glana shlongaworz'l, 
 
 ros'lshlongaworz' 1 
 
 senior, eldar 
 
 sennight, wuch 
 
 sensation, eidruk, 
 
 zawrdg'felig 
 
 sense, sin, farshtond 
 
 senseless, unfa rshtenich 
 
 unsinig, uksich 
 
 sensible, farshtenich 
 
 sentence, ousshpruch, 
 
 urteil 
 
 sentiment, g'fel, maning 
 sentinel, wechd'r 
 
 separate, shada, trena, 
 funonarga, obdala, 
 ouslasa 
 separation. trenung 
 sepulcher, grawb 
 
 sequel, folga 
 
 sequence, folga 
 
 serious, arnshthoft, 
 arnsht 
 
 sermon, bredich 
 
 serpent, shlong 
 
 serum, bludwos'r 
 
 servant, b'denar, denar 
 (knecht, mawd) 
 servant girl, mawd, 
 dinshd mad'l 
 serve, dena, b'dena, 
 obwawrta 
 serve one' 8 time, 
 
 ousdena 
 service, Gutesdinshd, 
 dinshd 
 serviceable, nidslich, 
 brouchbawr 
 set, awrichta, sedsa 
 set fire to, awfeira 
 
 set free, freigewa, 
 loslusa 
 settled rain, londrega 
 
 350 
 
setting of the moon shoulder-blade 
 
 setting of the moon, | shanty, shup 
 
 shining, glens' nd f 
 
 mond unargong 
 
 share, fardala, shawr, 
 
 shine through, 
 
 settle, ( sedsa, senka, 
 
 dal, obdala, dala, 
 
 dorch sheinX 
 
 obrechla 
 
 mitdala 
 
 shingle, shind'l. deka, 
 
 settlement, richtichkad 
 
 shark, hoifisb, badreyar 
 
 mit shind'la deka 
 
 get to rise, awsedsa 
 
 sharp, shorf 
 
 ship, shif 
 
 seven, siwa 
 
 sharpen, sharfa, wedsa, 
 
 shipwreck, shifbruch 
 
 seven fold, siwafoch 
 
 awshtawla, shbitsa 
 
 shirt, hem 
 
 seventeen, siwaza 
 
 sharper, badreyar 
 
 shiver, shnodra, zit'ra, 
 
 seventy, siwazig 
 
 shatter, farbrecha, 
 
 farbrecha 
 
 sever, shada, trena 
 
 farbrekla 
 
 shoats, laf'rsei, vrutsli 
 
 several, edlicha, 
 
 shattered, farbrucha 
 
 shock, shlok, shdosa, 
 
 L'sundfir 
 
 shave, bolwera 
 
 shdos, shok 
 
 severance, trenung 
 
 shaving, bolwerung, 
 
 shocking, ly, shreklich 
 
 severe, shtreng 
 
 shpo, how'lshpojshoe, shoo, b'shloga, 
 
 sew, naa 
 
 shawl, holsduch, 1 hoofeisa (of a horse) 
 
 sewing-machine, 
 
 she, se shoe-black, shubuds'r 
 
 na-moshen 
 
 sheaf, shap, gorb \ shoeing, b'shloga 
 
 sew on, awnaa 
 
 sheaf-band, sal 
 
 shoemaker, shoomoch'r 
 
 sex, gashlecht 
 
 shear, shar, shara, 
 
 shoemaker's knife, 
 
 sexton, kishd'r 
 
 obshneida 
 
 kneib 
 
 sexual, gashlechtlich 
 
 sheath, shad 
 
 shoemaker's strap, 
 
 gexual organs, gamech 
 
 shed, shup, f rlera, 
 
 knerem 
 
 shabby, lumpich 
 
 obblea (blossoms) 
 
 shoemaker's thread, 
 
 shackle, mit keda bina 
 
 shed-barn, shupsheiar 
 
 drodgorn 
 
 shade, shota 
 
 sheen, glons 
 
 shoemaker's wax, bech 
 
 shadow, shota 
 
 sheep, shof 
 
 shoe-mat, shubuds'r 
 
 shadowy, holb dunk'l, 
 
 sheepish, ghofig, jshoot, ousshlak, shus, 
 
 shotich 
 
 afeldich 
 
 shesa, forshewa 
 
 shad} , f ul shota, shotich 
 
 sheet, boga, leinduch 
 
 shop, lawda, shop 
 
 shaft, deiks'l, bruna, 
 
 sheet iron, rorblech 
 
 shopping, eikawfa, 
 
 peil, shbind'l 
 
 shelf, sims 
 
 kawfa 
 
 shafts, lona 
 
 shell, shala, obshala, 
 
 shore, ufar 
 
 shaggy, zudlich 
 
 shawla, mush'l, 
 
 shorn, g'shora 
 
 shake, shidla, ridla 
 
 ouspika 
 
 short, korts 
 
 shaker, shidlar 
 
 shelter, shuts 
 
 shorten, farkarza, 
 
 shall, sul 
 
 shepherd, shofhedar 
 
 kartsa 
 
 shallow, net def, floch, 
 
 shepherd's purse, 
 
 shortly, kartslich 
 
 din, afeldich 
 
 desh'lgrout 
 
 shorthand writer, 
 
 ihallo w-brained , 
 
 sherds, sharwa 
 
 shnelshreiw'r 
 
 afeldich 
 
 sheriflF, shref 
 
 short-rows, shdimp'l 
 
 sham, folsh, badruk 
 
 shield, shild, b'heta 
 
 shorts, kleia 
 
 shame, shema, shont, 
 
 shift, b'helfa, weks'la, 
 
 short-sighted, 
 
 b'shimba, ousshena 
 
 weibshem, farenara 
 
 kortsichtich 
 
 shameful, shendlich, 
 
 shiftless, ungashikt, 
 
 shot, g'shusa, farshusa, 
 
 shontbawr 
 
 hilflos, hudlich 
 
 shus, shids, shrot 
 
 shampoo, kupweshing 
 
 shiftless fellow, lod'l 
 
 shot-pouch, shrotsok 
 
 shamrock, weis'r gla 
 
 shiftlessness, hudlarei 
 
 should, ~j sut, set, seta 
 
 shank, shenk'l, 
 
 shimmer, shimara, 
 
 shoulder (of bacon), 
 
 shdeng'l 
 
 glons 
 
 fed'rshunka 
 
 shape, eirichta, bilda, 
 
 shin, shinba 
 
 shoulderblade, 
 
 gashtolt 
 
 shine, glons, sheina 
 
 shult'rblawd 
 
 351 
 
shoulder 
 
 shoulder, shult'r, oksel 
 
 shout, krish, youdsa, 
 
 kreisha 
 
 shove, shdos, shdosa, 
 
 shub, shewa 
 
 shovel, sliepa, ship, 
 
 shoufl 
 
 show, sho, awweisa, 
 
 weisa, oweisa 
 
 shower, shou'r, raga, 
 
 showiness, procht 
 
 shown, g'wisa 
 
 showy, prechtig 
 
 shred, shnits'l, fedsa, 
 
 rema 
 
 shrew, basa fraw, 
 
 leshdarmoul 
 
 shrewd, g'sheit, shorf, 
 
 shlou 
 shrewdness, 
 
 knep im harn 
 shriek, krish, kreisha 
 shrink, eigaa, eidara- 
 shrink back, z'rik zega 
 shrivel, runs' la, shwina 
 shriveled, hudslich 
 shroud, dodaglad, deka 
 Shrove Tuesday, Faws- 
 nocht, Fosnocht 
 shrub, heka, bamcha 
 shrug, shoudara, zuka 
 shrunk or shrunken, 
 
 eigonga 
 
 shuck, shawl 
 
 shudder, ehoudara, 
 
 zit'ra 
 
 shuffle, korda miksa, 
 shewa 
 
 shun, meida, hosa 
 
 shut, zumocha 
 
 shutter, lawda 
 
 shuttle, shifl 
 
 shut up, sei shdil, 
 
 holds moul, shdil 
 shy, shei, sheia 
 
 sick, kronk, unwol, 
 
 hetsa 
 
 sickle, sich'l 
 
 sickly, krenklich 
 
 sickness, kronkhad, 
 
 plok 
 
 side, seita 
 
 side-traces, seidabled'r 
 sideways, seitwarts 
 siege, b' lawgra 
 
 sieve, seb, sib 
 
 sift, seba, ridla 
 
 sifter, beid'l 
 
 sigh, seifz'r, seifza 
 sight, awblik, osicht 
 sign, shild, mark,zacha 
 unarshreiwa, awzacha 
 signal, zacha 
 
 signature, unarshrift 
 signer, unarshreiwar 
 significance, badeitung 
 significant, badeitlich 
 signification, badeitung 
 signify, badeita,awdeita 
 sign off, obseina 
 
 silence, shdil shweiga, 
 shdil 
 
 silent, shdil 
 
 silicon, kis'l 
 
 silk, seida 
 
 sill, shwei, shlipar 
 silliness, dumhada 
 
 silly, afeldich 
 
 silly person, hoshbel, 
 honsworsht 
 silver, silw'r 
 
 silver-sand, silw'rsond 
 similar, fargleichlich, 
 anlich, gleich 
 similarity, gleichnis 
 simmer, galind kucha, 
 sudra, brudsla 
 simper, afeldich loch a 
 simple, eifoch, afeldich 
 simpleton, honsworsht, 
 hoshbel 
 
 simulate, farshtela, 
 heichla 
 
 simulation, heichalei 
 simultaneous, 
 
 gleich zeitich 
 
 sin, farsindiga, sind, 
 
 sindicha 
 
 since, seid 
 
 sincere, arnshthoft, 
 
 ufrichtig 
 
 sincerity, ufrichtigkad 
 | sinewy, nartich 
 
 skull 
 
 sinful, sindhoft 
 
 sing, singa 
 
 singe, senka, f rsenka 
 singing, gasong 
 
 single, ledich, anzig, 
 eifoch 
 
 single-tree, shilsheid 
 singly, aletsich 
 
 singular, sun'rbawr, 
 eifoch 
 
 sinister, shlimm,shlecht 
 sink, sinka, senka, 
 farsinka 
 sinker, senk'l 
 
 sinner, sindar 
 
 sip, lebra 
 
 sir, bar, wos, we 
 
 sister, shweshd'r 
 
 sister-iii-law, shwei, 
 
 shwag'rn 
 sit, sitsa, huka 
 
 sit down, hehuka 
 
 site, shdel, bloda 
 
 situation, shdel, blods 
 six, seks 
 
 size, gras 
 
 skate, shked, shkeda 
 skedaddle, wekshbringa 
 skein, shdrong, knok 
 skeleton, knuchainon, 
 knuchayuk'l 
 skeptical, hortglawbich 
 sketch, bild 
 
 skill, kunsht 
 
 skilled, dorchdriwa 
 skillful, gashikd 
 
 skim, obrawma, 
 
 leicht driw'rga 
 skimmer, shoumlefl, 
 
 rawmlef 1 
 skimming-ladle, shoum- 
 lefl, shawmlet'l 
 skin, fel, hout. shawl, 
 farshina, shina 
 skinned, farshuna, 
 rumg'shuna 
 skinny, mawgar, dar 
 skip, shbringl, hupsa 
 skipper, shifr 
 
 skittish, shei 
 
 skulk, slileicha 
 
 skull. shad'1 
 
 352 
 
skull 
 
 skull, harnshawl, 
 
 harnshadel 
 
 skullbone, shad'l 
 
 skull-cap, sbildgrout 
 skunk, biskots 
 
 skunk-cabbage, 
 
 biskotsagrout 
 sky, luft, himel, him'l 
 sky blue, him'l bio 
 slab, shword 
 
 slack, leicht, shlak, 
 shloi 
 
 slacken, nochlusa, 
 
 eiholda 
 
 slake, lesha 
 
 slam, shloga, zushluga 
 slander, shontflek, 
 
 eihoka, leshdara 
 slang, nidrichashbroch, 
 
 umgongs shbroch 
 slant, shrak? 
 
 Slanting, ousg'wicha 
 slap, bledsba, sblawg 
 slat, leishd 
 
 slate, sblad 
 
 sbiter, sblad dek'r 
 
 slattern, sblup 
 
 slaughter, shlochda, 
 
 shl-jcht, butsh'ru 
 
 slave, shklawf 
 
 slay, dodmuciia, 
 
 dodshlGga 
 
 s-ed, shiita 
 
 sledge, shleg 1 ! 
 
 skdgebammer, sbleg' 1, 
 zusblogbom'r 
 sleek, glut 
 
 sleeking-stick, 
 
 sblicbtbuls 
 
 sleep, sblof, sblofa 
 
 sleeper, sblafr, .slnvel, 
 
 sbiipar 
 
 sleepy, sblafrich 
 
 sieet, kis'l, sblofa 
 
 fleet}', kisiicb 
 
 sleeve, lirmel 
 
 slrigb, sbla, sblita 
 
 sblita-lnf r 
 
 slender, din, mawg'r 
 
 Slice, sbuit, sb'tik. 
 
 sbneida 
 
 slide, rutsb, sblipa, 
 
 rutsha, klidsba 
 
 slight, ly, kla, shwoch, 
 
 leicht, nochlesichkad 
 
 slight noise, gareisb 
 
 slim, shmawl, din, 
 
 mawg'r 
 
 sKme, sblom 
 
 slink, shleicba 
 
 slip, shlipa, ousridsha, 
 
 shlip, shnitling. 
 
 obritsha, klidsbu, 
 
 shlupa 
 
 slip away, ouswitsba, 
 obwitsba 
 
 slip in, eisblupa 
 
 slip off, flits ha 
 
 slippers, shlipars 
 
 slippery, shliparich. 
 
 glot, glidshicb 
 
 slippery elm, rudshuls 
 
 slipshod, hudlicb, 
 
 nochlesicb 
 
 slit, shlids 
 
 slobber, shlowara 
 
 slop, shlupich drinka, 
 
 bre, sblop, shbelwus'r 
 
 slope, hung, obhong, 
 
 obbenka 
 
 sloping, obberikish 
 
 sloppy, shlopich 
 
 sloth, f elf raws- 
 
 slothful, foul 
 
 slo'hfulness, foulhad 
 slough, obhala 
 
 sloven, shdinkbuk, 
 dreksou 
 
 slovenly, shlumpich, 
 sblopicb 
 
 slow, ly, longsom, 
 
 pokich, sochta 
 
 sluggard. foulensar 
 
 sluice, oblawf, oblus 
 
 slumber, shlumra, 
 
 eishlumra 
 
 slur, flek, fleka 
 
 slut, bidsh 
 
 sly, sblou 
 
 smack, sbniuts, 
 
 shdrach, sbmotsa 
 small, gla, kla, budsicb 
 small bottle, bud'lcba 
 
 snath 
 
 smaller, klenar 
 
 smallest, glenshd 
 
 small heap, klimple 
 small keg, fes' 1 
 
 small nails, neg'lch'r 
 small pox, porbla 
 
 smart, ly, shmart, fiink 
 gashikd, obmardsa 
 smait-weed, llagrout 
 smash, brecha, 
 
 f rshmeisa 
 
 smear, f rshmera, soua, 
 solb, shmera, 
 smeared, frsbmerd 
 smell, recha, garuch 
 smeller, rechar 
 
 smelling, rechu 
 
 smelt, shmelsa, 
 
 smile, shmunsla, lecblu 
 smiling, shmunslich 
 srnite, shlawga, 
 
 smith, shmid 
 
 smithy, shmidshop 
 
 smitten, fargofa 
 
 smock, weibshem, kit'l 
 smoke, shmok, shmoka 
 smoke-pipe, shmokpeif 
 | smoking-tobacco, 
 
 shmokduwok 
 
 smooth, ly, glot, awa, 
 
 galind, obgleta, 
 
 glotmocha 
 
 smoothing-plane, 
 
 siilichthow'l 
 
 smother, dompa, 
 
 far^htika 
 
 smut, shmuts 
 
 smutty, shmutsich 
 
 snail, shnek 
 
 snake, shlong 
 
 snake-root, 
 
 sblonga-worz'l 
 
 snap, shnop. shnopa, 
 
 brecha, awshnora 
 
 snapper, shnep'r 
 
 1 snapping-turtle, shnep'r 
 
 snappish, fardreslicb, 
 
 bisich 
 
 snare, shlup, folsbdrik 
 snarl, knora 
 
 snatch, sbnepa, shnopa 
 snath, nipa, sensawurf 
 
 353 
 
sneak 
 
 spasms 
 
 eneak, shleicha, 
 
 soft-soap, shmersaf 
 
 sore, ro, w^, wund, 
 
 obshtala 
 
 soil, lond, buda, bud m, 
 
 shraardshoft 
 
 sneak (from work), 
 
 bou, f rshmera, 
 
 sore throat, holswa 
 
 obshala 
 
 f rsoua 
 
 sorrel, souaromb'i 
 
 sneaking, dukmeisich 
 
 soiled, f rshmerd, 
 
 sorrel horse, fuksgoul, 
 
 sneer, shdichla, shbut 
 
 drekich, flekich 
 
 shwasluks 
 
 sneeze, nesa 
 
 sojourn, ufholda 
 
 sorrow, lad, druw'l, 
 
 sneezewort, neragrout 
 
 solace, troshd 
 
 sorya 
 
 snicker, in fousht locha 
 
 solder, leda 
 
 sorrowful, ladmetich, 
 
 sniffle, shnufla 
 
 soldier, soldawt 
 
 drourich, bldrebd 
 
 snip, ^ snipsel 
 
 sole, sol, lanich 
 
 sorry, drourich, 
 
 snipe, shneb 
 
 solemn, feirlich 
 
 badrebd 
 
 snips, shnip'lch'r 
 
 solemnity, feirlichkad 
 
 sort, ord, sort 
 
 snivel, shnipsa, shnufla 
 
 solicit, awcucha, bida, 
 
 so-so, mid Imasich 
 
 snoot, shnoot 
 
 awraga 
 
 sot, farsufn'r, lod'l, 
 
 snore, shnorksa 
 
 solicitation, awlega, 
 
 y^ soaf lod'l, sit" r 
 
 snort, slinorksa 
 
 awsucha 
 
 soul, s.'il 
 
 snot, ruds 
 
 solicitous, b'kim'rt, 
 
 soulless, geishtlos 
 
 snotty, rudsich 
 
 b'sorkt 
 
 sound, gasund, kloiig, 
 
 snout, shnoot, res'l 
 
 solid, fosht, hord 
 
 shol, lout, shol.l 
 
 snow, shna 
 
 soliloquy, 
 
 soup, sub 
 
 snowbound, eishnaa 
 
 selbshtg'sprach 
 
 soup-dish, supashis'l 
 
 snow-drop, shnablum 
 
 solitary, eisom 
 
 sour, souar 
 
 snowflake, shnafluka 
 
 solitude, eisomkad 
 
 source, urshpi-uug. 
 
 snow storm, 
 
 soluble, f rgenglich 
 
 awfi'Dg- 
 
 shna g'shtiw'r 
 
 solve, klormocha, doo 
 
 sourkrout, souargroui, 
 
 snub, knora 
 
 somber^ dunk'l, 
 
 souse, zitarli, golarich 
 
 snuff, shnupa, 
 
 drourich 
 
 south, sood 
 
 shnup duwok 
 
 some, ebes, edlicha, 
 
 southern, soodiicu 
 
 snuffers, lichtbudshar 
 
 dal, wenich 
 
 sovereign, haksht, 
 
 snuffle, nawsag'shweds, 
 
 somebody, eb'r 
 
 kanich 
 
 shnufla 
 
 some one, eb'r 
 
 sow, los, sou, saa 
 
 snuffles, shnupa 
 
 somersault, borz'lbawm 
 
 sower, samon 
 
 snug, bakwam 
 
 something, ebes 
 
 space, lik, blods 
 
 snuggle, nishd'la 
 
 sometimes, olsarnol. 
 
 spade, shbawd, 
 
 so, so 
 
 monchmol 
 
 shipa (in cards) 
 
 soak, eiwacha 
 
 somnambulist, 
 
 span, shbon, shbona 
 
 soap, saf, awsafa 
 
 nScht wond'lar 
 
 Spanish, Shbonish 
 
 soap-suds, safwos'r 
 
 somnolent, shlafrich 
 
 Spanish-fly plaster, 
 
 soar, hochflega 
 
 son, so 
 
 nukablosht'r 
 
 sob, seifza, shnipsa 
 
 song, gasoug 
 
 spank, bledsha 
 
 sober, nichdarn, 
 
 son-in-law, shwey'rso, 
 
 spar, fechta 
 
 obtapara 
 
 duchd'rmon 
 
 spare, f'rshbawra,, 
 
 sociable, ploudarich, 
 
 soon, glei, g'shwind, 
 
 mawgar, shbawra 
 
 g'selig, umgenglich 
 
 bol, iw'rweil 
 
 sparing, shbawrsoui 
 
 social, ploud arich , 
 
 soot, roos 
 
 spark, funka 
 
 umgenglich 
 
 soothe, shmachla 
 
 sparkle, fink'l, funkla 
 
 society, g'selshoft 
 
 soothsayer, worssawg'r 
 
 sparrow, shbeds'l, 
 
 sod, g' sates, waws'm 
 
 sooty, roosich 
 
 shblrling 
 
 soft, sonft, wach, gawr. 
 
 sorcerer, hexamashd'r 
 
 sparse, din 
 
 galind, marb 
 
 sordid, shmutsich 
 
 spasms (in stomach), 
 
 soften, wachmocha 
 
 sore hand, mid'l 
 
 mawgukromp 
 
 354 
 
spasm 
 
 squirt 
 
 spasm, gromp, kromp 
 
 spiritual, geistlich 
 
 shdraa, g'shprotl'd, 
 
 spatter, shbritsa 
 
 spiritualism, 
 
 shbrodlich, shmera, 
 
 spavin, shbawda 
 
 geisht' r roof a 
 
 frshpraa 
 
 shawn, fishoi'r, 
 
 spit, shboua, shbouds, 
 
 spree, shbre, awsoufa, 
 
 fishbrood 
 
 shbuka 
 
 shbrea, soufarei, 
 
 speak, rada, shwetsa, 
 
 spit-box, shbouboks 
 
 jig'ra, roush 
 
 shbrecha 
 
 spite, shbeita, shbeit, 
 
 spright, geisht 
 
 speak indistinctly, 
 
 bashad 
 
 sprightly, labhoft 
 
 lorbsa 
 
 spiteful, boshoft 
 
 sprightliness, 
 
 speak loud, kreisha 
 
 spittle, shbouds 
 
 labhoftichkad 
 
 speak roughly, 
 
 spittoon, shbouboks 
 
 spring, shbring, kwel, 
 
 lawshnora 
 
 splash, plodsha 
 
 shbringa, bruna, 
 
 spear, shbes 
 
 splaymouth, shepmoul 
 
 Freling, Freyor 
 
 spear-mint, 
 
 spleen, mils 
 
 sprinkle, shbritsa, gesa 
 
 wild'rbolsom 
 
 splendid, brechdich, 
 
 sprinkled, g'gusa 
 
 special, b'sundar 
 
 harlich, prechtig, 
 
 sprinkler, shbrits, 
 
 specie, hord geld 
 
 prochtful 
 
 shdrids 
 
 species, ord 
 
 splendor, glons, procht 
 
 sprinkling-can, geskon 
 
 specification, awgawb, 
 
 splint, shbund, shena 
 
 sprite, geisht 
 
 b'zeigung 
 
 splinter, shliwar 
 
 sprout, keim, shbrout, 
 
 specify, b'zeiga 
 
 split, shplita, shblita, 
 
 shus, keima 
 
 specious, sheinbawr 
 
 awshplita, shbolta 
 
 sprouted, ousgawoksa 
 
 speck, flek 
 
 spoil, f rledsa,herichta, 
 
 spruce, souwar, ned 
 
 speckled, shiwarich 
 
 frpusha, fardarwa. 
 
 spry, labhoft 
 
 spectacle, shbekdawk'l, 
 
 farhunsa 
 
 spunk, shbunk 
 
 awblik, awsicht 
 
 spoil (children), 
 
 spunky, shbunkich 
 
 spectacles, bril 
 
 farwana 
 
 spur, shbora 
 
 spectre, shbook 
 
 sp.oilt, f rkulaberd, fa- 
 
 spurious, folsh 
 
 speech, rad, shbroch 
 
 shtimel'd, fardorwa 
 
 spurn, wekshdosa 
 
 speed, eil, eila 
 
 spoke, shbacht 
 
 spurt, shbritsa 
 
 speedwell, ar'npreis 
 
 sponge, shwom 
 
 spy, shbion, shbiona 
 
 spell, bushtawera, 
 
 sponsors, pedar un god 
 
 spy-glass, shbekdef 
 
 zoub'r, kortsa zeit 
 
 spontaneously, 
 
 squabble, - shdreid 
 
 spend, shbenda 
 
 freiwilich 
 
 squalid, shlumpich, 
 
 spend for dainties, 
 
 spook, shbook, shbuka 
 
 drekich 
 
 farfresa 
 
 spool, shboola 
 
 squall, windshtos, krish 
 
 spendthrift, 
 
 spoon, lef'i 
 
 squalor, shmuts 
 
 dorchbringar 
 
 spoor, shboor 
 
 squander, dorchbringa 
 
 spew, brecha, kutsa, 
 
 sport, zeit furtreib, 
 
 squandered, farbrucht 
 
 shboua 
 
 shbos, shbel 
 
 square, fer ekich, 
 
 sphere, kug'l 
 
 sportive, lushdich 
 
 wink'l 
 
 spice, g'wards 
 
 sportsman, yagrar 
 
 square-rule, wink'leisa 
 
 spider, sbbin 
 
 spot, flek, flekri 
 
 square up, obrechla 
 
 spigot, zopa, grawna 
 
 spotted, flekich,diblich. 
 
 squat, huka 
 
 spill, " frshita 
 
 dib'ldonich, duplich 
 
 squeal, greisha we sei 
 
 spin, shbina 
 
 spout, kond'l, rar, 
 
 squeamish, akelich 
 
 spinach, shbinawd 
 
 dochkond f l squeamishness, akel 
 
 spine, rikshtrong 
 
 sprain, freuka 
 
 squeeze, kwedsha, 
 
 spiie, turm 
 
 spray, shbritsa 
 
 drika 
 
 spit it, geisht 
 
 sprayer, shbrits, 
 
 squire, shweir 
 
 spirited, mudich 
 
 slid rids 
 
 squirm, krudla 
 
 spirits, shbarit 
 
 spread, debich, shbraa, 
 
 squirt, shbritsa, shdrids 
 
 355 
 
squirrel 
 
 store 
 
 squirrel, achharncha, 
 
 state, shdat, shdawt, 
 
 stiff, shdeif 
 
 shkwarl, achhaws 
 
 shdond, zushtond 
 
 stifle, unardrika 
 
 squirt at, awshpritsa 
 
 stately, harlich 
 
 still, shtil, ruich, ols, 
 
 stab, sfedich, shdecha 
 
 statement, awshlog 
 
 shdil, nuch 
 
 stabbed, g'shtucha 
 
 station, stashun, shdel, 
 
 still-born, dodgabora 
 
 stable, shtol, fosht, 
 
 shdond 
 
 stilts, shdelsa 
 
 shdondhoft 
 
 stave, f rshloga, douba 
 
 sting, shdich, shdecha 
 
 stack, shduk, shduka 
 
 stay, bleib, wawrta, 
 
 stinginess, geits 
 
 staff, shtawb, shduk, 
 
 farweila 
 
 stingy, geitsich, knops 
 
 shdeka 
 
 stays, shdeifket 
 
 stink, shdink, shdinka 
 
 stag, harsh 
 
 steadfast, shdondhoft 
 
 stinkard, shdinkbuk 
 
 stage, gashtolt, garishd 
 
 steady, shdondhoft 
 
 stinker, shdinkbuk 
 
 stagger, wonka 
 
 steak, shdik flash 
 
 stink-pot, shdinkbuk 
 
 stagnation, shdilshdond 
 
 steal, shleicha, shdala 
 
 stipulate, ousholda, 
 
 staid, gabliwa, ruich 
 
 steal away, obshtala 
 
 stir, rera, shera 
 
 stain, flek, fleka 
 
 steal from, b'shtala 
 
 stir about, ponhaws 
 
 stairs, drepa, shdak 
 
 stealth, hamlichkad 
 
 stirring, 'rerend 
 
 stake, shdik'l, shdong, 
 
 stealthy, hamlich 
 
 stirrup, knerem, 
 
 shdoka 
 
 steam, shdem, domp 
 
 shdeigbig'l 
 
 stake-fence, shdik' liens 
 
 steam- whistle, bruin' r 
 
 st.ir up, awrichta 
 
 stake off, obshteka 
 
 steel, wedshtawl, 
 
 stitch, naa, shdich, 
 
 stale, obg'shtona 
 
 shdawl 
 
 ousnaa, shdepa 
 
 stalk, holm, shdeng'l 
 
 steelyard, shnelwok 
 
 St. John's-wort, kons- 
 
 stall, shtol 
 
 steep, awbrea, obshus, 
 
 grout, Yohonsgrout 
 
 stallion, hengshd 
 
 obshisig, eiwacha 
 
 St. Nicholas, belsnik'l 
 
 stalwart, shdork, 
 
 steeple, turm 
 
 stock, shdom 
 
 kreftich 
 
 steer, uks, shdeiara 
 
 stock (of a gun), 
 
 stammer, shdudara 
 
 stem, shdom, shdeng'l, 
 
 kulwa, she ft 
 
 stamp, mark, shdamp, 
 
 ufholta 
 
 stockade, shdik'lfens 
 
 shdompa 
 
 stench, shdink 
 
 stocking, shdrump, 
 
 stampede, flucht, 
 
 stenographer, 
 
 pi. shdrimp 
 
 bledslich 
 
 shnelshreiw'r 
 
 stocking-feet, suka 
 
 stanch, fosht, uf hara 
 
 step, shrit, shrita, 
 
 stock-lock, rig'lshlus 
 
 stand, shdel, shdond. 
 
 shdakdrep 
 
 stomach, mawga, 
 
 shdaa, shtaa 
 
 step-b?other, 
 
 wombar 
 
 standard, fawna, runa, 
 
 shdef-brud'r 
 
 stomach-ache, bouchwa, 
 
 richtmos, mnga 
 
 step by step, shritweis 
 
 leibshmarza 
 
 stand by, beishtaa 
 
 step-father, shdef-fot'r 
 
 stone, shda 
 
 stand still, shdilshdond [step-mother, 
 
 stone-deaf, shdukdawb 
 
 staple, glowa 
 
 shdef-mud'r 
 
 stool, shdool 
 
 star, shd urn 
 
 step off, obshrita 
 
 stoop, bika, 
 
 starch, shdark 
 
 step-sister, 
 
 stooped, gabikt 
 
 stark-blind, shdukblind 
 
 shdef-shweshd'r 
 
 stop, obbrecha, ufhara,, 
 
 starlight, shdarnhel 
 
 step-son, shdef-son 
 
 shdiip, awholta, 
 
 star of Bethlehem, 
 
 sterile, unfruchtbawr 
 
 shdupa, obsods, 
 
 shdarnblum 
 
 stern, arnsht, hort, 
 
 eiholda 
 
 start, awlaga, awsedsa, 
 
 hinardal 
 
 stop (aleak), farshtupa 
 
 awshprung, obgaa 
 
 stew, kucha, dempa 
 
 stop at, eikara, 
 
 startle, shrlka 
 
 stewed, g'demt 
 
 stop-cock, grawna 
 
 starvation, hung'rsnod 
 
 stick, prig'l, shdeka, 
 
 stopper, kurk, shdup'r 
 
 starve, farhuiigurii 
 
 shduk, shdecha 
 
 stopple, kurk, shdup'r 
 
 starved, ouskung'rd 
 
 sticky, bobich 
 
 store, shdor 
 
 356 
 
storm 
 
 sufficient 
 
 storm, shdorm, 
 
 stretch, awshtrenga, sturdy, shdork 
 
 shdormwind 
 
 shbona. shdreka 
 
 stutter, shaiidara 
 
 stormy, shdormich 
 
 strewn, shbrodlich 
 
 stye, shusblod'r 
 
 stormy weather, 
 
 striated, shdrafich 
 
 style, shdeil, inoda 
 
 unwed'r 
 
 strict, shtreng 
 
 subdue, iw'rweldicha, 
 
 story, g'shicht, shduk 
 
 strictness, shtreag 
 
 benicha, iw'rwina 
 
 stout, kreftich, dik, fed, 
 
 stride, shrit 
 
 subject, iw'rweldicha, 
 
 shdork, shdondhoft 
 
 strife, shdreid, 
 
 iw'rwina 
 
 stout lad, beng'l 
 
 wid'rkum 
 
 subjugate, iw'rwina, 
 
 stove, ufa 
 
 strike, shloga, shlawga, 
 
 iw'rweldicha 
 
 stove-pipe, ufaror 
 
 eishloga (lightning) 
 
 sublime, hoch 
 
 stow, farwawra 
 
 strike off, obshtreicha 
 
 subscribe, unarshreiwa 
 
 straight, grawd, 
 
 string, sad, bend'l, 
 
 subsequent, nochfolg'nd 
 
 shdroks 
 
 shnoor, shdrong 
 
 subside, smki 
 
 straighten, 
 
 strip, ousdoo, shdripa, 
 
 subsist, arholtfi, arnara, 
 
 grawd mocha 
 
 ouszega, obblawda 
 
 substance, shduft 
 
 straight line, richtshnur 
 
 stripe, shdraf 
 
 subtile, fei 
 
 strain, seia, shtrenga, 
 
 striped, shdrafich, 
 
 subtle, shlow 
 
 dorchseiha 
 
 shdramich 
 
 succeed, fortkuma, 
 
 strained, dorchdriwa 
 
 strive, eifara 
 
 folga, Bochfulga 
 
 straining-rag, seiduch 
 
 strive for, trochda 
 
 success, glik 
 
 strait, eng, grawd 
 
 stroke, shdreicha, 
 
 successful, gliklich 
 
 strand, ufar 
 
 shdrach, shdricha 
 
 succession, nochfulga. 
 
 strange, frm, seldsom, 
 
 strong, shdork, dou'r- 
 
 successively, 
 
 sund'rbawr 
 
 hoft, mechtich, 
 
 noch en on'r 
 
 strangle, farshtika 
 
 kreftich 
 
 successor, nochfulgar 
 
 Strap, bond, shdrap, 
 
 strongly, heftich 
 
 succor, beishpringa, 
 
 rema 
 
 strop, shdreichrema 
 
 helfa, beishtaa 
 
 "strap-oil," prig'lsup 
 
 structure, gabei 
 
 succored, beig* shprunga 
 
 stratum, galag 
 
 struggle, shdreida 
 
 succulent, softich 
 
 straw, . shdro 
 
 strumpet, hoor 
 
 such, so 
 
 straw-band, sal 
 
 stub, shdumpa 
 
 suck, sukla 
 
 straw-bed, shdrosok 
 
 stubborn, shdorkepich, 
 
 sucker, ousshlak 
 
 strawberry, arbar 
 
 agasinish, obsanawt 
 
 sudatory, shwitsend 
 
 straw-bolster, shdrokisa 
 
 stuck, farshtucha 
 
 sudden, shnel, bledslich 
 
 straw-bundle, 
 
 student, shdudent 
 
 suddenly, bledslich 
 
 shdrofok'l 
 
 studious, eifrich, 
 
 sudden thought, eifol 
 
 straw-cutter, shdrobonk 
 
 fleisich 
 
 suds, saf wos'r 
 
 straw-tick, shdrosok 
 
 study, shdudera, 
 
 sue, f rklawga, reshda 
 
 stray, frlawfa 
 
 shdudia 
 
 suet, nerainshlich, 
 
 stray-chain, shd-eif ket 
 
 stuif, shduft, shtupa 
 
 neriifet 
 
 strayed, obg'wicha 
 
 stuffed, g'shtuptaful 
 
 suffer, blecha, leida, 
 
 streak, shdraf, shdrich 
 
 stuffing, fils'l 
 
 nodleida, ousshtaa 
 
 stream, shdrom 
 
 stumble, iw'rshtulpara. 
 
 sufferance, leida, 
 
 street, shdros 
 
 shdardsa, sbdulbara, 
 
 gtiduld 
 
 strength, shdark, 
 
 stump, shdumpa 
 
 suffered, ousg'shtona 
 
 krefta, kroft 
 
 stumpy, budsich 
 
 suffering, shtropotsa, 
 
 strenuous, rishtich, 
 
 stupendous, ungaheiar. 
 
 leida 
 
 emsich 
 
 Srshtounlich 
 
 suffice, bafredicha, 
 
 strenuousness, eifar 
 
 stupid, mupskub, 
 
 ganunk sei 
 
 stress g'wolt, g'wicht 
 
 dum, mushkub 
 
 sufficient, gauunk, 
 
 strew, shbraa, shdraa 
 
 stupidity, dumhada 
 
 hinlenglich 
 
 23a 
 
 357 
 
sufficiency 
 
 sufficiency, ganunk 
 sufficiently cooked, 
 
 gawr 
 
 suffix, awhenga 
 
 suffocate, farshtika 
 suffocated, farshtikt 
 suffocation, farshtika 
 suffrage, wawl shdim 
 suffuse, iw'rgesa 
 
 sugar, zuk'r 
 
 suggest, awgewa, roda, 
 awshtifda 
 
 suicide, selbshtmurd 
 suit, shika mocha, 
 
 folg, awzug 
 
 suitable, sliiklich 
 
 sulphate, 
 
 shwew'lsouares 
 sulphur, shwew'l 
 
 sulphuric acid, 
 
 shwew'lsouar 
 sultry, shmodich 
 
 sum, sum 
 
 sumach, shooniek 
 
 summer, sumar 
 
 summer savory, 
 
 bonagreit'l 
 
 summit, gip'l 
 
 summon, uffudra, 
 
 forlawda, eilawda 
 
 sumptuous, kushtbawr, 
 
 prochtful 
 
 sun, sun 
 
 sun-bonnet, shlophood, 
 
 shlopbonet 
 
 Sunday, Sundog 
 
 sunder, shada 
 
 sunny, sunich 
 
 sunset, sunaunargong 
 sunstroke, sunashdich 
 sup, nochtesa 
 
 superabundant, 
 
 i\v'rmasich 
 
 superb, harlich, 
 
 prechtig 
 
 superbness, procht 
 
 supercilious, 
 
 hochmetich 
 
 superfluity, iw'rflus 
 superfluous, iw'rflisich 
 superhuman, 
 
 iw'rmenshlich 
 
 swim 
 
 superintendent, bos, 
 
 swaggerer, shdarmar 
 
 soop'rintend'r 
 
 swain, bou'rsmon 
 
 superior, hach'r 
 
 swallow, shwolm, 
 
 superlative, hakslit 
 
 shluk, shluka 
 
 superscription, 
 
 swamp, shwom, sump 
 
 iw'rshrift 
 
 swamp-pink, 
 
 superstition, 
 
 pingshdblum 
 
 ow'rglawwa 
 
 swan, shwawn 
 
 supervisor, wagmashd'r 
 
 swap, ousweksla 
 
 supine, nochlesich 
 
 sward, waws'm 
 
 supper, nochtesa 
 
 swarm, shworm, 
 
 supple, lumarich 
 
 shwarmii 
 
 supplement, zusods 
 
 swarthy, shworts 
 
 suppliance, bida 
 
 swash, pludsba 
 
 supplicate, 
 
 swath, g'mawd 
 
 damedich bida 
 
 swathe, eiwiud ia 
 
 supply, farsorya 
 
 sway, ragera 
 
 support, arholta 
 
 sway-bar, reisheia 
 
 suppose, forous sedsa 
 
 swear, shwara, flucha, 
 
 supposed, awg'niima 
 
 b'shwara 
 
 suppress, unardrika 
 
 swear off, obshwara 
 
 surcingle, bouchgot 
 
 s\veat, shwas, shwits, 
 
 sure, shoor, sichar. 
 
 shwitsa 
 
 olardings 
 
 sweat out, ousshwitza 
 
 surely, beshoor, 
 
 sweep, kara, laga 
 
 freilich, olardings 
 
 sweepings (of a grist- 
 
 surety, sicharhad 
 
 mill), malshtavvb 
 
 surfeit, iw'rlawda 
 
 sweet, ses 
 
 surgeon, wund dukd'r 
 
 sweetbread, sesflash 
 
 surmise, mudmawsa 
 
 sweet briar, duruaros 
 
 surname, zunawma 
 
 sweeten, ses mocha 
 
 surpass, beda,iw' nlrefa 
 
 sweet- fern, huisfawron 
 
 surpassed, iw'rdrufa 
 
 sweet-flag, kolmus 
 
 surplice, korhem 
 
 sweetheart, shots, leb 
 
 surplus, iw'rshus 
 
 sweetish, seslich 
 
 surprise, iw'rfola 
 
 sweet-marjoram, 
 
 surprised, arshtouna 
 
 mawron 
 
 surprising, arshtounlich 
 
 sweet-meats, 
 
 surrender, iw'rgewa 
 
 shlek'rwasa 
 
 surreptitious, unarlicli 
 
 sweet-toothed, 
 
 surround, umringa 
 
 zuk'rmoul 
 
 survey, mesa, iw'rsana 
 
 sweet-wood, seshuls 
 
 surveyor, londmes'r 
 
 swell, slivvela 
 
 survive, iw'rlawa 
 suspend. ufhenka 
 
 swelling, g'shwulsht 
 swift, ly, leichtfesich, 
 
 suspenders, husadray'r 
 
 shnel, hordich, 
 
 suspicion, misdroua 
 
 g'shwind 
 
 sustain, nara, ut'holda 
 
 swig, soufa 
 
 sustenance, 
 
 swill, shlop, soutii 
 
 lawesunerholt 
 
 swill-barrel, seifus 
 
 swab, hudla, 
 
 swill-bucket, seikivv'l 
 
 hud'l-lumpa 
 
 swim, shwima 
 
 358 
 
swindle taxidermist 
 
 swindle, shwind'l, 
 
 tail-board, shusbord 
 
 tanner's vat, 
 
 badreya 
 
 tailor, shneid'r 
 
 garwargrub 
 
 swindler, shwindlar 
 
 taint, flek, bafleka, 
 
 tannin, garwasouur 
 
 swine, sou, pi. sei 
 
 fardarwa 
 
 tansy, kebiders, 
 
 swing, gounsh, gounsha 
 
 take, nema, obnema 
 
 rafort, reinfort 
 
 swinging-shelf, 
 
 take advantage, 
 
 tantalize, ploga, neka, 
 
 brodhonk 
 
 iw'rnama 
 
 kwala 
 
 swingle, shweng'l 
 
 take after, nochorda 
 
 tantalizing, neksich 
 
 swivel, knew'l 
 
 take a somersault, 
 
 tap, awzopa, awbora, 
 
 swollen, farshwula, 
 
 borz'lbawm shloga 
 
 sonft shloga, 
 
 g'shwula, gakwula 
 
 take care, sorya 
 
 zopa, sonft'r shlog 
 
 swoon, uinecntich war a 
 
 take in, cinema 
 
 tape, bond 
 
 ummocht 
 
 take medicine, 
 
 tape-measure, mesbond 
 
 sword, shwart 
 
 duktara, cinema 
 
 taper, tapara, obtapara 
 
 swore off, obg'shwora 
 
 taken, g'numa 
 
 obsbarfa, wukslicht 
 
 sworn, farshwora, 
 
 take part, mitmocha 
 
 tapestry, wonddebich 
 
 g'shwora 
 
 taker, nemar 
 
 tape-worm, bond worm 
 
 sycophant, shmachiar 
 
 take rest, ousruga 
 
 tap-root, hartsworz'l 
 
 symbol, bild 
 
 take to heart, 
 
 tapster, zopar 
 
 symmetrical, 
 
 baharzicha 
 
 tar, dor 
 
 awamasich 
 
 tale, g'shicht 
 
 tare, un grout 
 
 sympffthy, uiitg'i'el, 
 
 tale-bearer, orablas'r, 
 
 tares, drefts 
 
 mitlcid 
 
 redshar, plodshar, 
 
 tardy, longsom 
 
 symptom, 
 
 neiichkada drag'r 
 
 target, mark, sbeib 
 
 k t onkhad zaeha 
 
 talent, tolent, 
 
 tariff, tarif 
 
 synchronal, 
 
 nawdurgawwa | tar-keg, dorlok' 1 
 
 gleich zeitich' 
 
 talk, g'sbwets, rada, 
 
 tarnish, r.'shta 
 
 syncopate, f'rkarzil 
 
 rad, shwetsa, 
 
 tarry, farweila, 
 
 syphilis, luft seicha. 
 
 ploudara, shbrechu 
 
 uf holda, farzega 
 
 fronsosa 
 
 talkative, sbwetsa. 
 
 tart, boi, short', sonar, 
 
 syringe, shdrids. 
 
 ploudufifh 
 
 seiiirlich 
 
 shbrits 
 
 talker, shwetsar I tarfar, weishda 
 
 system, ordning 
 
 tall, hocb, iyiig I task, gasbei't, 
 
 
 tallow, inshlicb 
 
 dawgwei k 
 
 
 ta.l person, res 
 
 tassel, taws' I 
 
 tabby, kits' n 
 
 tally, f ! ra>u 
 
 taste, gashmok.sbmoku 
 
 tabernacle, tabernak'l. 
 
 talon, kloa 
 
 frsbmoka 
 
 zelt 
 
 tambourine, tembr.r.-n 
 
 tasteless, iebish 
 
 table, dish 
 
 tame, zawm, zama 
 
 tatter, hud'l, fareisa 
 
 table-cloth, disbdueh 
 
 tamper, midla 
 
 tattered, farisa,lumpich 
 
 tablespoon, supalefi tan, garwarlo, gurwa 
 
 tattle, plodsha. redslia, 
 
 tacit, shweig'ndj tail-colored, lorod 
 
 neiichkada di-awga 
 
 taciturn, Bhweigsum I tandem, noch en on'r 
 
 tattler, orabla-t'r, 
 
 tack, tak, zwek tangible, feibawr 
 
 neiichkada. drag'r, 
 
 tackle, tuklii 
 
 tangle, farhud'la 
 
 redshar, plud-har 
 
 tact, shiklichkad. 
 
 tangled, farwikl'd, 
 
 taunt, sbmaa, slibat, 
 
 t'aictik.-id 
 
 tarhud'lt, kud'M. 
 
 shbetl. siibetla 
 
 tadpole, mulakub 
 
 tar ward 
 
 tavern, wfifdslimis 
 
 taffy, molosich kandy, 
 
 tankard, henkajrlos, 
 
 tawny, lorod. ga broim 
 
 taty 
 
 dek'lglos, dek'lkon 
 
 tax, obdrog, t,"Ad 
 
 tag, tuk 
 
 tanner, garwer. 
 
 taxidermist. 
 
 tail, shwoas, wed 1 
 
 tanuory, gar ware! 
 
 g'deera oussbdub'r 
 
 359 
 
tea 
 
 thimble 
 
 tea, ta 
 
 tempter, farsuchar 
 
 than, dos, OH, don, ols 
 
 teaberry, buksber 
 
 ten, zaii 
 
 thank, donk, badonka 
 
 teach, lara, larna, 
 
 tenable, holtbawr 
 
 thankful, dunkbawr 
 
 teacher, shoolmashd'r, 
 
 tenacious, awhong'nd 
 
 thankfulness, ^j 
 
 larar 
 
 tenacity, 
 
 dorikbawT-kad 
 
 t^a-chest, taboks 
 
 awhenglichkad 
 
 l^hanksgiving, Bad dug 
 
 t.;a-kettle, takesel 
 
 tenant, lansmon 
 
 thank you, denke 
 
 team, fur 
 
 Ten Conmandments, 
 
 thank-you-mam. oblus, 
 
 teamster, furmon 
 
 za gabuda, 
 
 obweis'r 
 
 tea-pot, takon 
 
 tend, tenda, wawrta, 
 
 that, dos, d'r, sei, 
 
 tear, tran, trana, 
 
 pflagu 
 
 seli, seuli 
 
 fareisa, reisa 
 
 tendency, richtuug 
 
 thatch, deka.shdrodtch 
 
 tear (the skin), 
 
 tender, marb, awbeda. 
 
 that time, selamols 
 
 farshina 
 
 hondlong'r, zawrd 
 
 thaw, ufdawa, dawa 
 
 tear apart, farupa 
 
 tendon, fleks 
 
 the, d', da, dHr, d'ui, 
 
 tear loose, losreisa 
 
 tendril, ronk 
 
 de, des, d'n, d'r 
 
 tear out, ousreisa 
 
 tenebrous, finshd'r 
 
 thentre, shouplots 
 
 tease, redsa, zara.ploga 
 
 ten-foot pole, richtsheid tht-e, <lieh 
 
 teasel, kordadi^h'l, 
 
 tenon, zopu. 
 
 theft, debshtawl 
 
 korda 
 
 tense, shdeit 
 
 their, era 
 
 teasel wort, kordadish'l 
 
 tension, shdrekung 
 
 them, . se 
 
 teaspoon, talefl 
 
 tent, zelt 
 
 themselves, sichselwar, 
 
 teats, dids, 
 
 tenth, zidadal 
 
 Seselwar 
 
 (of a cow) shdrich 
 
 tenuous, din 
 
 then, dun 
 
 tedious, fardreslich, 
 
 tepid, louworrn 
 
 thence. fundCn 
 
 longwarich, 
 
 term, tarmin, neiur, 
 
 thenceforth, seiddem 
 
 longweilich 
 
 badingung 
 
 theology, shviftlar, 
 
 tedium, longweila 
 
 termagant, zenk'rin 
 
 shriftar 
 
 teem, fruchtbawr sei, 
 
 terminal, tarmin 
 
 theory, pi on 
 
 ful sei 
 
 terminate, ent mocha. 
 
 therapeutic, heilkunsht 
 
 teeth, za, gabis 
 
 ouslawta 
 
 there, dawr, dort, do 
 
 teetotal, gons, genslk-h 
 
 terrestrial, ardich 
 
 thereabout, dort rum 
 
 telescope, shbekdef 
 
 terrible, farchd-arlich 
 
 thereafter, dawrnnch, 
 
 tell, farzala. sopa 
 
 shreklich, krislich. 
 
 d'no, d nort 
 
 teller, /.siiiir 
 
 grei^lich. krtislich. 
 
 therefore, dawrum 
 
 tell-tale, orablas'r, 
 
 shouda,rho:t, grislich 
 
 theiefrom, dafun, 
 
 red^hHr 
 
 terrific, favclidilrlich 
 
 d'rffin 
 
 temerity, furchtsomkad 
 
 ternfy, f.'r hreka. 
 
 thereto, dHzoo 
 
 furcUi 
 
 urshreka 
 
 therewith, douiit 
 
 temper, shbuuk. 
 
 terror, furcht, shreka 
 
 thermal, has, wawrm 
 
 harda, hording 
 
 test, t'arsuclia, prowera 
 
 these, de 
 
 temperance, ma^ichkad 
 
 Testament, Teshdaruont 
 
 thev, se 
 
 temperate, nichdarn 
 
 testator, arblus'r 
 
 thick, dik 
 
 tempered, shburikicli 
 
 testatrix, arblus'rin 
 
 thit-ken, dik mocha, 
 
 tempest, shdurmwind. 
 
 testimonial, zeichnis 
 
 dik wiira 
 
 shciorm 
 
 tevtimony, zeiclinis 
 
 thic-ket, heka 
 
 tempestuous,shdurmicli 
 
 testify, zeichnis eewa thief, deb, shdalar, 
 
 temporal, weitlich. 
 
 testy, agasinisli 
 
 hulunk 
 
 zcitlich 
 
 tete-a-tete, gashpracli 
 
 thigh, hifta, shenk'l 
 
 temporary, f r 'n zeit 
 
 tether, shbonsal 
 
 thill-pin, deiks'lnug'l 
 
 tempt, farsucha 
 
 tetter, grind 
 
 thimb.e, ting'rhood, 
 
 temptation, farauchung 
 
 text, shbruch, shprich | douniling 
 
 360 
 
thin 
 
 thin, din, obg'zart 
 
 thine, dei 
 
 thing, ding, soch 
 
 think, b'sina, denka, 
 mana, sina 
 
 third, drid 
 
 third part, drid'l 
 
 third stomach, 
 
 monichfold 
 
 thirst, dorshd 
 
 thirsted, fardorsht 
 
 thirsty, dorshdig 
 
 thirteen, dreiza 
 
 thirty, dreisich 
 
 this. des 
 
 thistle, dishd'l 
 
 thither, dahe 
 
 thong, rema 
 
 thorax, brush t 
 
 thorn, dorn 
 
 thorn-apple, shdechob'i 
 thorny, dornich, 
 
 shdochlich 
 
 thorough, ly, dorch un 
 
 dorch, dorchou^ 
 
 those, seli, sela 
 
 thou, doo 
 
 though, duch, obshon 
 
 thought, gadonka 
 
 thoughtful, deMnig, 
 
 gadonkaful 
 
 thoughtless, leichtsiuich 
 thousand, dousend 
 
 thralldom, knechtshoft 
 thrash, dresha 
 
 thrashing-floor, 
 
 dreshden, sheiarden 
 thrashing-machine, 
 
 idreshmashen 
 thread, fawda, eifadla, 
 nads, g'win (screw) 
 threat, draing, draa 
 threaten, draa 
 
 threatening, draend 
 three, drei 
 
 three-cornered, 
 
 drei-ekich 
 
 threefold, dreibletrich 
 three-ply, dreidradich 
 three-year-old, 
 
 dreiyarich 
 threshold, derishwel 
 
 tjjillate 
 
 thrice, dreimol 
 
 thrifty, shbawrsom, 
 
 shofich, woksich 
 
 thrill, dorchshoudara, 
 
 kris'l 
 
 thrilling, greislich, 
 
 kreislich, krislich 
 
 thrive, woksa 
 
 throat, hols, gorg'l, 
 
 kalbond 
 
 throb, klupa, shloga 
 throbbing, hartsklupa 
 throne, dron 
 
 through, dorch 
 
 throughout, dorchous, 
 dorchwek 
 
 throw, shmeisa 
 
 throw at, b' shmeisa 
 
 throw dice, husla, 
 
 warfla 
 
 thrush, drush'l 
 
 thrust, rena, shdos, 
 
 shdosu 
 
 thumb, douma 
 
 thumb-latch, shlenk 
 thump, shdos, shlog 
 thunder, dunara, 
 
 dunar, g'wit'ra 
 thunderation, 
 
 dunarwed'r 
 thunderbolt, 
 
 g'wit'r-shdrach, 
 dunarshlog 
 thundershower, 
 
 g'wit'r ray a 
 
 thunderstorm, kwit'ra, 
 
 dunarwed'r, g'wit'r 
 
 Thursday, Dunarshdog 
 
 thus, so 
 
 thwack, klupa, shlog, 
 
 shloga 
 
 thy, dei 
 
 thyme, kwend'l 
 
 tick, zech, borga, zek, 
 
 iw'rzug, shoflous, 
 
 madleis, knaka 
 
 ticket, zec''l 
 
 tickle, kitsla 
 
 ticklish, kitslich 
 
 tick-seed, boowaleis, 
 
 madleis 
 
 tidings, nochricht 
 
 tidy, ned, souw:Tr, 
 seiwarl cb 
 
 tidiness, nedichkad 
 tie, bina 
 
 tied, awg'buna, gabtina 
 tie on, awkniba 
 
 tier, roi 
 
 tight, fosht 
 
 tighten, fosht mocha, 
 fosht zeya 
 
 tight place, peds 
 
 tile, shdids, zig'l 
 
 till, bis. boua 
 
 tilt, umshdardsa 
 
 tilt lath, shbrig'l 
 
 timber, bou huls 
 
 time, zeit 
 
 timely, zeitlich 
 
 times, mol, 'mol, emol 
 time worn, farold't 
 timid, farzawga, shei, 
 furchtsoin 
 
 timidity, furcht, 
 
 furchtsomkad 
 
 timorous, furchtsom 
 
 timothy, demadi 
 
 tin, zin, blech 
 
 tin-cup, beind-bleeh, 
 
 blech 
 
 tin-foil, blawdzin 
 
 tingle, kling'la 
 
 tinker, keselflik'r, 
 beshdla, shpenglar 
 tinkle, kling'la 
 
 tinsmith, shpengUIr 
 tint, forb 
 
 tin-ware, blcchwawr 
 tiny, kla 
 
 tip, umfola, shbitsa 
 tipple, soufa 
 
 tipsy, g'sufa, b'nebl'd 
 tip-top, haksht'r gipl, 
 harlich 
 
 tire, raf, wogaraf, med- 
 
 wara, lada howa, 
 
 obbina 
 
 tired, f rlat, med, 
 
 ousgadeiart 
 
 tired of, lada hu^va, 
 
 ladich 
 
 tiresome, longweilich 
 titillate, kitsla 
 
 361 
 
title 
 
 title, recht dazoo, recht 
 
 titter, lechla 
 
 to, zu, zoo, gaga, noch, 
 
 dro, uf 
 
 to a, 'm, 'ma 
 
 toad , g'Sd 
 
 toad-bleeder, 
 
 grudagigsar 
 
 toad-flax, hunsgrout 
 
 toadstool, shwom, 
 
 giftshwum 
 
 toast, gasundhad trinka 
 
 trinksbbrucb, baa 
 
 toasted, gabad 
 
 tobacco, duwok 
 
 to be sure, beshoov 
 
 to-day, heitigesdogs, 
 
 heit 
 
 toe, zaa 
 
 together, somt, nonar, 
 
 zoma, initnon'r 
 
 to her, er 
 
 to him. em 
 
 toil, neds, pi ok, shofa, 
 
 arwet, ploka 
 
 toilsome, mesalicb 
 
 token, awzacha, zacha, 
 
 awdenku 
 
 told, g'sawt 
 
 tolerable, mid'lmasich, 
 zernlich, leidlich 
 toll, bela, dol 
 
 tomahawk. douthok 
 tomato, t'mats, t'rnati* 
 tomb, grawb 
 
 tomboy, wildil hum'l 
 tom-cat, kawd'r 
 
 to me, mer, m'r 
 
 tomfoolery, 
 
 norashdrach 
 
 to-morrow, moryii 
 
 ton, dun 
 
 tone, lout, shdimii, 
 
 klong 
 
 tongs, zong 
 
 tongue, zung, deiks'l, 
 
 sbeldii 
 
 tongue-tied, sbdum 
 tonic, shdarkungsmid'l 
 too, zu, dazoo, 
 
 desgleicha 
 to one, 'm, 'ma 
 
 tools, g'shar, 
 
 hondwarks g'shar 
 
 tooth, zawn, pi. za 
 
 tooth-ache, zawnwa 
 
 toothsome, shmokhoft 
 
 top, gipl, dub, haksbt, 
 
 ow'rsht, dekii 
 
 toper, sif r, souf lod'l 
 
 topmost, ow'rsht. 
 
 haksht 
 
 topple, shdardsa, 
 
 nidarshdardsa 
 
 topsy-turvy, frkart 
 
 torch, fok'l 
 
 torment, pein, kwala. 
 
 peinicha, plogii 
 
 tormenting, peinlicb, 
 
 kwalich 
 
 torn, farisa, awg'risa 
 tornado, 'windwarb'l, 
 
 shdorm 
 
 torpid, g'felos 
 
 torrent, shdrom 
 
 torrid, La 
 
 torsion, draung 
 
 tort, unrecbt 
 
 tortoise, lond shilgrud, 
 
 shilgrud 
 
 torture, pein 
 
 toss, shmeisa 
 
 total, gons 
 
 totally, genslich, gons 
 to tbe, d'm, d'n, em, 
 zutn 
 
 to thee and thou, erzf. 
 
 to them, ena, en a. 
 
 to the right, recht s 
 
 totter, wonk'la 
 
 touch, awfela, awraga, 
 
 g'fel, b'fela, awrera, 
 
 awfing'ra 
 
 touches, ragt 
 
 touch hole, zindluch, 
 
 zindpon 
 touch-me-not, 
 
 wildi ladishlib'r 
 
 touchy, nadlich 
 
 tough, za, roubeg'l, 
 
 roubels 
 
 tour, reis 
 
 tourist, reisend'r 
 
 to us, uns 
 
 transferable , 
 
 tow, wark, zega, zeya 
 
 toward, gaga, noch 
 
 towards, hin, druf los 
 
 towel, hondduch, 
 
 obdrik'l lumpa, 
 
 tower, turro 
 
 to whom, wem 
 
 town, shdod, shded'l, 
 
 . shdedcha. 
 
 toy, kinar shheis6cU, 
 shbels5ch 
 
 trace, shboor, shboora, 
 shdrong, pi. shdreng 
 obzega 
 trace-chains, 
 
 holbshtreng 
 trachea, luftror 
 
 track, shboor, shboor.1, 
 
 glas ^wagon) 
 tract, shdrek 
 
 traction, zuk 
 
 trade, hondel, hondla, 
 hondwark, obhondia 
 trader, bond lung' r 
 
 tradition, sawgil, 
 
 iw'rlefarung 
 traffic, hondel. hondla 
 trafficker, huiulelsmon 
 trail, W 5g, shboor, 
 
 noch shboora 
 train, gong, obrichta, 
 
 zega, ufzega 
 traitor, frad'r 
 
 trammel, fei'rhol 
 
 tramp, 1'U'iilafr 
 
 trample, nunar drada, 
 fartrata, shdi-ombla 
 trance, farzikt 
 
 tranquil, ruich 
 
 tranquil ity, roo 
 
 tranquillize, baruicha 
 transact, doo, farhondla 
 transaction, 
 
 farhondlung 
 transcend, iw'rdrefa 
 transcendent, 
 
 fordreflich 
 
 transcribe, obshreiwa 
 transcript, obshrift 
 transfer, iw'rdrawga 
 transi'eraMe, 
 
 iw'rdrawgbawi 
 
 362 
 
transfix 
 
 transfix, dorchshtccha 
 transform, umwondla 
 transfuse, iw'rgesii 
 
 transgress, iw'rdrada, 
 iw'rlawfa 
 
 transgressor,iw'rdrader 
 translate, iw'rsetsu 
 transiucence, 
 
 dorchsichtichkad 
 translucent, 
 
 dorchsichtich 
 transmigrate, 
 
 iw'rwond'ra 
 transmit, iw'rlefara 
 transmutation, 
 
 farwond'lung 
 transmute, farwond'la 
 transparent, dorchsich- 
 tich, dorchsheinend 
 transparency, 
 
 dorchsichtichkad 
 transplant, ousplonsa 
 transport, iw'rurawgu 
 transpose, frsetza 
 
 transposition, 
 
 frsetzung 
 transubstantiate, 
 
 umwond'la 
 
 transverse, shraks 
 
 trap, fol, fouga 
 
 trap-door, folder 
 
 trapper, J^gar 
 
 trusli; lumparei 
 
 trashy, lurnpich 
 
 trave, nodshdol 
 
 travel, rasa, ^brasa" 
 traverse, dorchrasa 
 treacherous, folsh, 
 
 hamdikish 
 
 tread, d radii 
 
 treadle, drad'r 
 
 tread-power, dradpouar 
 treason, frod 
 
 treasure, shots, ufhawa 
 farwawra, b'wawru 
 treasurer, shotsrnashd'r 
 treat, b'hondla 
 
 treatment, bahondlung 
 treble, dreifoch 
 
 tree, bawm, pi. bam 
 tree-frog, lawbfrusL 
 tremble, zit'ra 
 
 trefoil, dreibletr, 
 
 shdakla 
 
 trembling, enksterich 
 tremendous, ungaheiar 
 tremor, zit'r 
 
 tremulous, zit'rnd 
 
 trench, grawb 
 
 trepidation, zit'r,furcht 
 trespass, iw'rdrada 
 trespasser, iw'rdrader 
 trestle, drus'l 
 
 trial, unarsuchung, 
 farsuch, obharung, 
 arfawrung 
 
 triangle, dreiek. 
 
 dreishpits 
 
 triangle, (musical in- 
 strument) dreiong'l 
 triangular, dreiekich 
 tribe, gashlecht, shdom 
 tribulation, drebsawl 
 tribute, dol 
 
 trick, ketsh, drik 
 
 trickery, badreyarei 
 trickster, badreyiir 
 tricky, badreklich, 
 shlou 
 
 triennial, dreiyarich 
 
 trifles, klana sochi, 
 
 klanichkada 
 
 trifling, garing 
 
 I trigger, shnep'r 
 
 trim, b'sedsa, ouszega. 
 
 sha, hibsch, ned, 
 
 zurecht mocha 
 
 trimming, b'sedsung 
 
 trimness, nedichkad 
 
 trinity, dreianichkad 
 
 trinket, zerawd 
 
 trip, reis, dribla, 
 
 shdulbara 
 
 tripe, kud'lflek 
 
 triple, dreifoch 
 
 triune, dreianich 
 
 troli, drill 
 
 trollop, shlump, shlop 
 troop, drub 
 
 trooper, reid'r 
 
 trot, drod, droda 
 
 trotter, drod'r 
 
 troth, treia 
 
 troubled, frlega 
 
 tumult 
 
 'trouble, alend, druw'l, 
 
 frlegehad, b'kimra, 
 
 me, sorya, b'mea, 
 
 plok, ploka 
 
 troublesome, hinariich 
 
 fardreslich 
 
 b'shwarlich 
 
 trough, drok 
 
 trounce, klupa 
 
 trout, forel 
 
 trousers, husa 
 
 trowel, kel 
 
 truant, shoolshwans' r, 
 
 dawgdeb 
 
 truck, g'mes 
 
 truculent, furchtbawr, 
 
 wild 
 
 trudge, zu fus gaa 
 
 true, wor, trei 
 
 truism, woret 
 
 truly, wawrhoftich 
 trump, drump 
 
 trumpet, drumbad 
 
 truncheon, knip'l 
 
 trundle-bed, bedlad'l, 
 
 shewarli 
 trunk, drunk, shdom 
 truss, bruchbond 
 
 trust, fartroua, glawb, 
 borga, troua, 
 
 fartroua 
 truth, woret 
 
 truthful, worhoft 
 
 try, farsucha, prowera 
 
 shmelsa 
 tub, shdenar, zuw'r 
 tube, rar 
 
 tuber, knul 
 
 tuberous, knulich 
 
 tuck, folda 
 
 Tuesday, Dinshdog 
 tug, zega 
 
 tuition, shoolgeld 
 
 tulip, dulabawn 
 
 tumble, borz'l, shdards, 
 borz'lbawm shloga, 
 fola, umshdardsa, 
 doba, shdardsu 
 tumble-bug.kedrekrul'r 
 tumor, g'weks, 
 
 g'shwulst 
 tumult, utror, larm 
 
 363 
 
tumultous 
 
 undertaker 
 
 tumultous, larmend 
 
 twist-tobacco, 
 
 uncle, Tnk'l 
 
 tun, fos 
 
 ruladuwok 
 
 unclouded, shdaru hel, 
 
 ttme, shdima, weis,lout 
 
 twitch, zuka 
 
 klor 
 
 tunnel, rar, dun'l, 
 
 twixt, zwiska 
 
 uncoil, obwikla 
 
 drecht'r 
 
 two, zwa 
 
 uncombed, shdruwlich 
 
 turbid, dreb 
 
 twofold, zwafoch 
 
 uncommon, org, orich, 
 
 turbulence, unroo,ufror 
 
 tympanum, drum 
 
 ork, ung'wanlich 
 
 turbulent, unrooich 
 
 type, druk bushtawwa, 
 
 unconcerned, 
 
 tureen, supashis'l 
 
 sinbild 
 
 gleichgiltig 
 
 turf, (see tod) 
 
 typical, sinbildish 
 
 unconscionable, 
 
 turkey, welshhink'l 
 
 typographer, druk'r 
 
 g'wisalos 
 
 turkey-buzzard, lud'r- 
 
 tyrant, tiron 
 
 unconverted, umb' kard 
 
 fog'l, lud'r-awdlar 
 
 tyro, awfong'r 
 
 uncouple, los kunla, 
 
 turmeric, bludworz'l 
 
 
 los lu a 
 
 turmoil, unroo, ufror, 
 
 
 uncover, uideka 
 
 larm 
 
 ubiquitous, iw'rol 
 
 uncovered, bliit 
 
 turn, dra, draa, wena 
 
 udder, eidar 
 
 unctuous, fedich 
 
 turn awry, fardraa 
 
 ugliness, heslichkad 
 
 undemonstrative, shei, 
 
 turn in. eibika 
 
 ugly, heslich, weshd 
 
 z'rik holtend 
 
 turning-lathe, drabonk 
 
 ulcer, g'shwar 
 
 under, drunar, druna, 
 
 turnip, reb, pi. rewa 
 
 ultimate, ledshd 
 
 unar 
 
 turnkey, present kep'r 
 
 ultra, driw'r 
 
 underbid, 
 
 turn on, awdraa 
 
 umbel, glumba 
 
 wenich'r bed a 
 
 turn ut, ousdraa, 
 
 umbilical, now'lshnur 
 
 underbrush, unarhuls 
 
 onsweich a | umbrageous, shotich 
 
 underclothes, 
 
 turpentine, darbaden | umbrella, ombrel, 
 
 unarklad'r 
 
 turpitude, shendlichkad j umbrel 
 
 undergo, arleida 
 
 turtle, shilgrud,shnep'r 
 
 umpire, richtar 
 
 underground, 
 
 turtle-dove, dord'ldoub 
 
 unable, unfaich 
 
 unarar lish 
 
 tusk, fongzaw 
 
 unacceptable, misfalig 
 
 underhand, farshtola, 
 
 tussel, shdreida, poka 
 
 unaffected, nawderlich 
 
 hamlic 1 !, galiam 
 
 tutor, larar, unarlarar 
 
 unanimous, olm'non'r 
 
 undermine, unargi awba 
 
 twain, zwa 
 
 unavailing, fargabens, 
 
 undermost, unarsht 
 
 twang, nawsa g'shweds 
 
 fargablich 
 
 underneath, drunar, 
 
 tweezers, zong 
 
 unaware, unarword 
 
 unar, druna 
 
 twelve, zwelfa 
 
 unbar, ufmocha 
 
 underrate, 
 
 twenty, zwonzig 
 
 unbecoming, ung'zem'd 
 
 zu garing awshloga 
 
 twibil, zwarchoks 
 
 unawshdendich 
 
 undersell, 
 
 twice, zwamol 
 
 unbelief, unglawba 
 
 wiilfeU'rfarkawfa 
 
 twig, wib, zweig 
 
 unbend, nochlusa 
 
 undershot, 
 
 twilight, dushd'r, 
 
 unborn, ungabora 
 
 una'shls -^ticll 
 
 demarung 
 
 unbounded, grensa los 
 
 undersign, uuTir/achnl 
 
 twiUed, g'zwilichd, 
 
 unbuckle, losshnola 
 
 understand, farshta!, 
 
 zwilich 
 
 unbutton, ufknepa 
 
 b'^rreifa, neisana 
 
 twin, z wiling 
 
 uncertain, umb'shdimd, 
 
 understanding, 
 
 twine, shnoor, umfosa 
 
 unsichar, mislich 
 
 tarshtond 
 
 twinkle, shimara 
 
 unchanged, shdilshdond 
 
 understood, farshtona, 
 
 twirl, draa, umdraa, 
 
 uncharitable, leblos 
 
 f rnuma 
 
 wiarwel 
 
 unclasp, ufhoka, 
 
 undertake, unarnema,, 
 
 twist, draa, fardraa, 
 
 loshoka 
 
 prowera 
 
 zwarna 
 
 unclean, drekich, 
 
 undertaker, 
 
 twit, shdichla 
 
 unrein 
 
 lawdln,o h'r 
 
 364 
 
undertone 
 
 urinate 
 
 undertone, 
 
 university, koletsh unsparing, freigewich, 
 
 g'dempta shdim 
 
 unjoint, trena net shbawrsom 
 
 underwrite, 
 
 unjust, ungarecht unsteady, shrunklich 
 
 unarshreiwa 
 
 unkempt, shdruwlich 
 
 untamable, umbenich 
 
 undesigning, obsichtlos 
 
 unkind, unfreindlich 
 
 unterrified ,unf rshruka 
 
 undismayed, 
 
 unknown, umb'kont 
 
 unthinking, gadonkalos 
 
 unf rshruka 
 
 unlace, ufshnera 
 
 untidy, shlopich, 
 
 undivided, gons 
 
 unlade, oblawda, 
 
 nochlesich 
 
 undo, ufmocha, 
 
 ouslawda 
 
 untidy female, sh!5p 
 
 frnichda 
 
 unlearn, f rlarna 
 
 untie, losmocha, losbina 
 
 undress, ousdoo 
 
 unless, una, won net 
 
 until, bis 
 
 unearth, rousgrawa 
 
 unload, oblawdu^, 
 
 unto, zu 
 
 uneasy, unhamlich, 
 
 ouslawda 
 
 untoward, agasinish 
 
 bung 
 
 unlock, ufshlesa 
 
 untrue, folsh 
 
 unembarrassed, frei, 
 
 unloose, losmocha 
 
 untruth, folshhad, 
 
 net farwikl'd 
 
 unloosen, losmocha 
 
 unworhad 
 
 unending, endlos 
 
 unmake, frnichda 
 
 untwine, ufdraa, 
 
 uneven, ungrawd 
 
 unmannerly, rilpsich, 
 
 ufwikla 
 
 unexampled, 
 
 umonerlich ,unordich 
 
 untwist, ufdraa 
 
 beishbellos 
 
 unmarried, ledich 
 
 unwell, unwol 
 
 unexpected, unarword, 
 
 unmerciful, 
 
 unwind, obwikla 
 
 sund'rbawr, 
 
 umbormh ardsich 
 
 unwise, unf rshtenich, 
 
 umb'denkt 
 
 unnerve, shwecha 
 
 ung'sheit 
 
 unfasten, losmocha, 
 
 unoccupied, likich 
 
 unwrap, ouswikla, 
 
 ufmocha 
 
 unopposed, 
 
 ufwikla 
 
 unfold, obwikla 
 
 wid'rshtondlos 
 
 unyoke, ousshbona, 
 
 unforseen , umb' denkt 
 
 unostentatious, 
 
 obyucha 
 
 unfrequently, selda 
 
 awshpruchlos 
 
 up, nuf, ruf, uf 
 
 unfriendly ,unfreindlieh 
 unfurl, losmocha. 
 
 unpack, ouspoka 
 unpolished fellow, rilps 
 
 upbraid, forholda 
 up hill, bargnuf, 
 
 ufmocha 
 
 unproductive, mawg'r 
 
 hiw'lruf 
 
 angodly, gutlos 
 
 unguent, solb 
 
 uphold, ufhawa, 
 
 Unhand, loslusa 
 
 unravel, obwikla, 
 
 drawga, holda 
 
 unharness, obg'shara, 
 
 loswikla 
 
 uplift, ufhawa 
 
 ousshbona 
 
 unrepining, gaduldich 
 
 upon, uf, druf, iw'r, on 
 
 unhitch, ousshbona 
 
 unrip, obtrena 
 
 upper, ow'r, hach'r 
 
 unhook, loshoka, 
 
 unrobe, ousdoo 
 
 upper hand, ow'rhond 
 
 ufhoka 
 
 unroll, obrula 
 
 uppermost, ow'rshd, 
 
 unicorn, ahorn 
 
 unroof, obdeka 
 
 haksht 
 
 uniform, gleichfermig 
 
 unruly, trudsich 
 
 upright, ufrichtig, 
 
 unify, faranicha 
 
 unsaddle, obsod'la 
 
 shdenar 
 
 unincumbered, frei 
 
 unsatisfactory, 
 
 uproar, ufroor 
 
 uninfected, 
 
 mong'lhoft 
 
 uproot, worz'l ousreisa, 
 
 net awg'shtekt 
 
 unsatisfied, net zufreda 
 
 ousreisa 
 
 union, gamasheft, 
 
 unsavory, lebish 
 
 upset, umshdardsa 
 
 faranichung 
 
 unscrew, losshrouwa, 
 
 upsidedown , f rkart, 
 
 unique, anzich 
 
 obshrouwa 
 
 umgakard 
 
 unit, a, ans, faranicha 
 
 unseam, obtrena 
 
 up to, bis 
 
 united, gamasheftlich, 
 
 unsettle, umshdosa, 
 
 up ward, -s, ufwarts, 
 
 olm'non'r 
 
 fum blods bringa, 
 
 ew'rshich 
 
 unity, ahad, anichkad 
 
 wonka 
 
 urchin, glan'r shelm,bu 
 
 universal, olgemein 
 
 unsightly, heslich 
 
 urinate, brunsa 
 
 365 
 
urine 
 
 vertex 
 
 urine, bruns I valorous, brawf 
 
 vend, farkawfa 
 
 urge, awdreiwa, shera, 
 
 valuable, howesw Irt, 
 
 vendue, fendu 
 
 drenga, awshpona, 
 
 shedsbawr, warif^l 
 
 veneer, finera 
 
 dreiwa, eisharfa 
 
 valuation, shedsung, 
 
 venerable, arwarciich, 
 
 us, uns 
 
 wart 
 
 arbawr 
 
 usage, gabrouch 
 
 value, shedsa, wart 
 
 venerate, i'arara 
 
 use, b'nutsa, nudsa, 
 
 valve, flig'l 
 
 veneration, fararung 
 
 nuts, gabrouch 
 
 vamp, ow'rledilr 
 
 venesection, odarlus 
 
 useful, brouchbawr, 
 
 vane, wed'rhawna, 
 
 vengeance, shdrof, 
 
 nidslich 
 
 flig'l 
 
 z'rik b'zawlung, 
 
 useless, ousg'dent 
 
 vanish, shwiuii, 
 
 rocha 
 
 usher, eiferar, eifera 
 
 farshwina 
 
 vengeful, rochgerich 
 
 usual, g'wanlich 
 
 vanquish, iw'rwina 
 
 venison, harsh-flash, 
 
 usually, g'wanlich, 
 
 vapid, obg'shtona 
 
 wilbret 
 
 olgema, olgemei 
 
 vapor, domp, dunsht 
 
 venom, gift 
 
 utensil, g' shar 
 
 vapory, dunshtig; 
 
 venomous, giftig 
 
 uterus, mud'r 
 
 variable, farenarlich 
 
 vent, hi ft 
 
 utility, nidslichkad 
 
 variate, farenara 
 
 ventilate, lifta 
 
 utilize, b'nutsa 
 
 variation, farenarung 
 
 ventilator, windrawd 
 
 utmost, haksht, eisarsht 
 
 variegated, shekich, 
 
 ventricle, hartskorn'r 
 
 utter, ousshprecha, 
 
 duplich, flekig 
 
 ventriloquism, 
 
 gons, genslich 
 
 variety, obwekslung, 
 
 bouchrada 
 
 utterance, shbroch 
 
 monchfoldichkad 
 
 venture, wugnis 
 
 uttermost, eisarsht 
 
 various, monch'rla, 
 
 venue, gagerid 
 
 uxorious, weiw'rlebend 
 
 olarhond, olarla 
 
 veracious, wawrhoftich 
 
 uxoriousness, weiw'rleb 
 
 varlet, shelm 
 
 veracity, woret 
 
 
 v.tvn sh, awshtrich 
 
 verdancy, uuarfawrung 
 
 
 vary, -farenara, 
 
 verdant, gren 
 
 yacancy, lik 
 
 obweksla 
 
 verdict, ousshpruch 
 
 vacant, likich, lar 
 
 vassalage, 
 
 verdigris, greshbaw 
 
 vacate, lar mocha, 
 
 obhenkishkad 
 
 verily, b'shteticha 
 
 farlusa 
 
 vast, gros, ungaheiar 
 
 verily, wawrhoftich, 
 
 vacation, roozeit, farien 
 
 vat, grub 
 
 wawrlich 
 
 vaccinate, porblaplonsa 
 
 vaudevil, fulksled 
 
 verisimilitude, 
 
 vaccine, porblaplons 
 
 vault, kelar, shbrung, 
 
 wawrsheinlichkad 
 
 vacillate, wonka 
 
 shbringa 
 
 veritable, wor 
 
 vaccillating, 
 
 vaunt, prola 
 
 verity, woret 
 
 wonk'lmedich 
 
 veal, . kolb-flash 
 
 vermicelli, feina nud'la 
 
 vacuity, lik 
 
 veal-rump, nerashtik 
 
 vermifuge, warminid'l 
 
 vacuous, likich 
 
 vegetables, gakreid'r, 
 
 vermilion, sholoch 
 
 vacuum, lik 
 
 g'mes, plonsa 
 
 vermin, ungazef'r 
 
 vagabond, rumlafr, 
 
 vegetable soup, 
 
 vernacular, 
 
 hametlos 
 
 gakreid' rsub 
 
 mud'rshbroch 
 
 vague, undeitlich 
 
 vegetation, groat 
 
 vernal, freyors 
 
 vain, lar, folsh, olniks, 
 
 vehemence, hits, 
 
 versatilej farenarlich, 
 
 fargabens, shdills. 
 
 heftichka<i 
 
 weks'lnd 
 
 fargablich 
 
 vehement, heiticb 
 
 verse, farsht 
 
 vale, dawl 
 
 vehicle, fur 
 
 versed, arfawra.barada 
 
 valiant, mudich, brawf 
 
 veil, farhala 
 
 versify, farsht mocha 
 
 valid, kreftich, shdark 
 
 vein, odar 
 
 version, iw rsetsung 
 
 valley, dawl 
 
 velocity, g'shwindigkacl 
 
 vertebra, nkstrung 
 
 valor, mud | velvet, somt 
 
 vertex, shbitsi 
 
 366 
 
vertical 
 
 vertical, senkrecht 
 
 vertigo, shwind'l 
 
 very, ork, org, orich, 
 
 sar, g'woltich, 
 
 olmechtig 
 
 vessel, shis'l, shif 
 
 vest, weshd, brushtlopa 
 vestibule, forgong 
 
 vestige, shboor 
 
 vestry, karcharawd 
 vesture, b'kladung 
 
 vetch, rawda 
 
 veteran, old'r soldawt 
 veterinary surgeon, 
 
 geilsdukd'r 
 
 veto, farbeda 
 
 vex, fardresa, aryara, 
 
 farzarna, fararyara 
 
 vexation, aryarnis 
 
 vexatious, fararyarlich 
 
 fardreslich, aryarlich 
 
 vexed, farzarnd 
 
 via, iw'r 
 
 vial, bud'lcha 
 
 vibrate, zit'ra 
 
 vice, losbdar, 
 
 (mech.) shroubshtuk 
 
 vicinage, ga-gend, 
 
 nuclib'rshoi't 
 
 vicinity, nuchb'rshoTt, 
 
 gagend, urn gage-id 
 
 vicious, loshdSrhof; 
 
 vicissitude, weks'l, 
 
 obwei?lui)^| 
 
 victim, ' 
 
 victory, 
 
 victuals, 
 
 ku^nt 
 
 view, awblika, b'guka, 
 
 badrochda, awshoua, 
 
 osicht, awblik, 
 
 oussicht 
 
 vigil, woch, fosht 
 
 vigilance, wocbsomkad 
 vigilant, wochsom 
 
 vigor, krefta, kroft, 
 shdark | 
 
 vigorous, kreftich,! 
 
 rishticb j 
 
 vile, nidardreclidicli, | 
 
 shleclit, garinp I 
 
 villain, lump, sholk I 
 
 village, shded'l, 
 
 shdedcha 
 
 villainous, nidarich, 
 nidardrechdich 
 villainy, 
 
 nidardrechdichkad 
 vindictiveness, rocbger 
 vine, rab, ronk, 
 
 weishduk 
 
 vinegar, esich 
 
 vineyard, weigorda 
 violable, frledslich 
 violate, farbrecha, 
 
 f rledsa, sbenda 
 violation, f rledsung, 
 
 sb^ndung 
 
 violence, heftichkad, 
 g'wolt 
 
 violent, heftich, grub, 
 g'woltsom 
 
 violet, feiolich 
 
 violin, geik 
 
 violinist, gfig'r 
 
 violoncello, bosgeik 
 virago, moirweib 
 
 virgin, yungfruw 
 
 virtue, kroft, remhad, 
 shdark, souwarkad 
 virtuous, rein, 
 
 r5cbtshf5 
 
 virulence. gift.igkad. 
 basortiobkad 
 rirus, gift 
 
 visiaj^e, gasichd 
 
 viscera, g'ling, darm, 
 
 eigaweida 
 
 visible, sichtbawr 
 
 visibly, sichtbawrlich 
 vision, gasichd, saung 
 visionary, eig'bildt 
 visit, b'such, b'sucha, 
 
 shbotsera 
 
 visitation, b'such 
 
 visitors, b'such 
 
 vista, oussicht 
 
 visual, gasichtlich 
 
 vital (in compounds), 
 
 lawes 
 
 vitality, laweskroft 
 vitiate, fardurwa, 
 
 vitreous, glesern 
 
 vivacious, labhoft 
 
 waggery 
 
 vivacity, labhoftichkad 
 vivid, labhoft 
 
 vivify, balaba, 
 
 lawendich mcchu 
 vixen, zonk, zonk'rin 
 viz, nam ich 
 
 vocabulary, ward'rbuc'i 
 vocal, mit d'r shdirn, 
 
 mindlich 
 
 vocation, roof, awroof 
 vociferate, greisha 
 
 vociferation, gilgreish 
 vociferous, greishend 
 vogue, . moda 
 
 voice, shdim 
 
 void, lar 
 
 volition, wula, wil 
 
 volume, bond, buch 
 voluntary, freiwilich 
 vomit, worksa, kutsa, 
 brecha 
 voracious, gerich, 
 
 gafresich 
 
 vortex, warb'l, warwel 
 vote, shdim, shdiina, 
 
 obshtima 
 
 vouch, b' kreftich a 
 
 Toucher, zeichnis 
 
 vow, iarshwara,shwara 
 vowed, farshwora, 
 
 g'shwora 
 
 voyage, ras, sareis 
 
 vulgar, nidrich. rou, 
 fraf Ihoft, gamein 
 vulgarity, gameinhad 
 vulnerable, 
 
 farwundbawr 
 vulnerability, 
 
 farwundbawrkad 
 vulture, geiar 
 
 w 
 
 wabble, wokla 
 
 wad , wot 
 
 wade, bawda, wawda 
 wag, shwensla, sholk, 
 nuka, shidla 
 wag (the tongue), 
 
 zinnia 
 
 wager, wet, weta 
 
 wages, lo, lu, fardinsht 
 waggery, sholkhad 
 
 367 
 
waggle wet 
 
 waggle, shwensla 
 
 ward, D'wawra 
 
 weaken by suckling, 
 
 wagon, woga 
 
 wardrobe, klad'rkom'r 
 
 obsoufa 
 
 wagoner, furman 
 
 ware, wawr 
 
 weakened by suckling, 
 
 wagon-house, wogashup 
 
 warehouse, wawrhous 
 
 obg'sufa 
 
 wagon-pole, longkwid 
 
 wariness, forsicht 
 
 wealth, reichdum 
 
 waif, gafunes 
 
 warm, wawrm 
 
 wealthy, reich 
 
 wail, klawg, yamara 
 
 warmth, warma 
 
 wean, obg'wana 
 
 wain, woga 
 
 warning, wornung 
 
 weapon, g'war 
 
 wainscoting, 
 
 warp, farzega, 
 
 wear, drawga 
 
 brush tg'sims, 
 
 wew'rzet'l 
 
 weariness, medichkad 
 
 wondbakladung 
 
 warrant, wornd, 
 
 wearisome, rnesalich, 
 
 waist, leib 
 
 farsichara 
 
 longweilich 
 
 waistcoat, womes, 
 
 warranted, farsichard 
 
 wear off, obwara 
 
 weshd 
 
 warrior, krek'r 
 
 weary, mot, med 
 
 wait, farzega, wawrta 
 
 warr, words 
 
 weasel, wis'l 
 
 wait (at table), 
 
 wary, forsichtich 
 
 weather, wed'r, 
 
 obwawrta 
 
 was, wawr, wawra, wor 
 
 wit' rung 
 
 waiter, obwawrtar, 
 
 wash, wesh, wesha 
 
 weave, wawa, wewa 
 
 b'denar 
 
 wash (dishes), shbela. 
 
 weaver, wew'r 
 
 waitress, obwart'rn 
 
 ufshbela 
 
 web, g'wewb, neshd 
 
 waive, obseina 
 
 wasp, wgshb 
 
 wed, g'heiart, heira 
 
 wake, weka, ufweka 
 
 wassail, gadrink 
 
 wedding, huchzich, 
 
 wakefulness, 
 
 waste, obfol, f rlushd, 
 
 molzeit 
 
 w5chsomkad 
 
 fardarwa, farshwenda 
 
 wedge, keidel 
 
 waken, arwocha 
 
 watch, wocha, ufbosa, 
 
 Wednesday, Midwuch 
 
 walk, drada, shdiw'la, 
 
 heda, louar, woch 
 
 wee, gla, wunzig 
 
 wondla, lawf, lawfa 
 
 watchman, 
 
 weed, ungrout 
 
 walk backwards, 
 
 nochtwechd'r 
 
 week, wuch 
 
 krebsgong 
 
 water, wos'r, wesra, 
 
 weep, weina, heila 
 
 walk cautiously, 
 
 drenka, trenka 
 
 r^veevil, wiwl, how'rleia 
 
 shleicha 
 
 water-closet, lit'lhous 
 
 weigh, wega 
 
 walked, g'shtiweld, 
 
 water-course, obweis'r, 
 
 weighed, obg'woga 
 
 gadrult, galufa 
 
 oblus 
 
 weight, g'wicht 
 
 walking, g'lawf 
 
 water-cress, brunagres 
 
 weighty, wichdich, 
 
 wall, mou'r, wond 
 
 watering-pot, geskon 
 
 shwar 
 
 wallet, bokabuch 
 
 watermark, wos'rmark 
 
 welcome. og' nam, 
 
 wall-eye, glesawg 
 
 watermelon, wos' rmelon 
 
 wilkum 
 
 wall-flower, logeia 
 
 water-way, obweis'r, 
 
 weld, shwasa 
 
 wallop, prig'lsup gewa, 
 
 oblus 
 
 welfare, wolfawrt 
 
 belsa 
 
 watery, wos 'rich 
 
 welkin, luft, himel 
 
 walloping, prig'lsup 
 
 wattle, wongalopa 
 
 well, gut, bruna, kwel, 
 
 wallow, welsa 
 
 waver, wonka 
 
 gasund, wol, mund'r 
 
 walnut, wolnis 
 
 waves, wela 
 
 well-being, wolfawrt 
 
 wan, blach 
 
 wax, woks 
 
 well done, gawr 
 
 wander, rumdoba 
 
 wax-end, drod, 
 
 welt, shoorawma 
 
 want, f rlonga, mong'l, 
 
 drodshdumba 
 
 wen, words 
 
 nodwenichkad, nod, 
 
 way, wag, wak 
 
 went, gongS 
 
 badarfa, winsha, 
 
 wayward, agasinish 
 
 were, war, wawr 
 
 broucha 
 
 we, m'r, mir 
 
 west, weshd 
 
 wir, krek 
 
 weak, zimbarlich. 
 
 western, weshdlich 
 
 warble, singa, warwel, 
 
 shwoch, blad (eyes) 
 
 westward, weshdlich 
 
 zwilera 
 
 weakly, shwechlich 
 
 wet, sudlich, noa 
 
 368 
 
whack 
 
 withered 
 
 Whnck, shlog 
 
 white, weis 
 
 will, wela, wil, wod, 
 
 whale, wawlfish white horse, shiin'l 
 
 wilu 
 
 whalebone, nshb'a 
 
 white lead, bleiweis 
 
 willing, wilkh 
 
 what, wos 
 
 white-lie, nodsek 
 
 willingly, gam 
 
 wheat, wadsa 
 
 whiten, weis mocha, 
 
 will o tne-wisp,ar dlicht 
 
 wheedle, awshmachla 
 
 blacha 
 
 willow, weida 
 
 wheel, rawd 
 
 white-wash, weisia 
 
 wilt, welka 
 
 wheelbarrow, 
 
 whither, wohe 
 
 win, ^ ^'wina 
 
 shubkorch 
 
 whitish, weislich 
 
 winch, drahend'l 
 
 wheel-ruts, wogaglas 
 
 whitlow, nog'lflus, 
 
 wind, wind 
 
 wheelwright, wognar 
 
 basding 
 
 wind, wikla, ufzega 
 
 wheeze, shnoufa 
 
 Whit Monday, 
 
 windfall, klickstol 
 
 whelp, yung'r hunt 
 
 Pingshd Mondawg 
 
 windlass, brunawols, 
 
 when, won 
 
 Whit Sunday, Pingshda 
 
 hoshbel, win 
 
 whenever, whensoever, 
 
 Whit Suntide, Pingshda 
 
 window, finshd'r, 
 
 so uft ols 
 
 whittle, shnips'la, 
 
 feusht'r 
 
 where, wo, woo, wu 
 
 shheida, shnitsla 
 
 window-pane 
 
 whereas, weil 
 
 who, wo, war, woo 
 
 fensht'rsheib 
 
 whereby, wodorch 
 
 whole, gons, gonses, 
 
 window-sash, 
 
 wherefore, farwos, 
 
 genslich 
 
 fensht' rawma 
 
 woruni 
 
 wholesale, groshondel. 
 
 window-sill, 
 
 wherein, wodrin 
 
 bei'mgiosa 
 
 fensht' rsita 
 
 whereto, wohin, wohe 
 
 wholesome, heilsom, 
 
 wind-pipe, luftror 
 
 wherewith, womit 
 
 gasund 
 
 windy, windich 
 
 whet. wedsa 
 
 wholly, genslich,. gone 
 
 wine, wei 
 
 whether, ub 
 
 whom, wem, wen 
 
 wineglass, hdeng'l- 
 
 whey, mulka 
 
 whoop, kreisha, krish 
 
 glos, shdongaglaws 
 
 Which, wel, darwu, 
 
 whooping-cough, 
 
 winepress, keld'r 
 
 weler, de 
 
 blohooshda 
 
 wing, flig'l 
 
 whiffle-tree, shilsheid. 
 
 whopper, leg, gros'r 
 
 wink, winka, bHnsla, 
 
 wok 
 
 whore, hoor 
 
 awblinsla 
 
 "Whig, Wik 
 
 whose, wem sei, Mela, 
 
 winning, gawin'nd 
 
 while, weil, farweila 
 
 wel era er 
 
 winnuwing-mill, 
 
 whim, filncy, idea, eifol 
 
 why, farwos, worum 
 
 windmel 
 
 whimper, winsla 
 
 wick, wecha 
 
 winter, wind'r 
 
 whimsical, afeldicli 
 
 wicked, shlecht, bas, 
 
 Iwipe^ budsa, wislia 
 
 whine, winsla 
 
 gutlos 
 
 wiper, obwishar, wish 
 
 whip, wib, gashel, 
 
 wickedness, bosha<i wire, drod 
 
 gasb''a 
 
 wide, brajjl, wi-it 
 
 wisdom, g'sh^ithad, 
 
 whipping, prig'lsup, 
 
 widow, widfraw 
 
 weishiit 
 
 shlag 
 
 widower, widmon 
 
 wise, kluch, g'sheit 
 
 whip-poor-will, j widow's dower, drid' 
 
 wish, bagara, winslia, 
 
 wib'rwi 
 
 widt h , brading 
 
 wil, wula, wun<h 
 
 whirl, warwel 
 
 wife, fraw 
 
 wished, g'wuit 
 
 whirlwind, windwarb' 
 
 wig, br,rik wisp, wi-l 
 
 whisk, wed'l 
 whiskers, bokabawrd 
 
 wiggle, shwenslu wit, wits, farshtoiid 
 wigwam ., Inshinghit I witch, lies 
 
 whiskey, briimlawei 
 
 wild, wilt 
 
 witchcraft, hexHrei 
 
 whisper, pislipera, 
 
 wilderness, wild'rnis 
 
 with, tuit, domit 
 
 eiblosa wild fire, wild feirlwith a, 'm, 'ma 
 
 whistle, pif, peif, 
 
 wilful, agasinish 
 
 wittnlr.iW, z'rik/-'(ra 
 
 brum'r 
 
 wilfulness, a gasit 
 
 . j withered, furdurd, we k 
 
 369 
 
wither 
 
 youthful , 
 
 Wither, welka, dara, 
 
 ploka, sorya, plok 
 
 wroth, zornich 
 
 farwelki, fardara 
 
 worship, gutesdinslid, 
 
 wrought, gadoo 
 
 within, drin 
 
 aw bat a 
 
 wrought-nail, 
 
 Withhold, z'rikh51da 
 
 worsted, gawrn, 
 
 g'shmidn'r nog'l 
 
 without, uua, 
 
 wulgawru 
 
 wry, shep. grum, 
 
 without delay, glei, 
 
 wort, grout, krout 
 
 fardrad 
 
 g'shwind 
 
 worth, nuts, wart 
 
 
 withstand, wid'rshtaa 
 
 worthless, niksiiudsich 
 
 X 
 
 witness, zeiga 
 witty, witsich 
 woe, ^ <vaa, drou'r 
 woful, drourich 
 
 worthless fellow, 
 niksnuts 
 would, wut, wet, weta 
 wound, fUrwtinda, 
 
 xylographer, 
 hulsshneidar 
 xylography, hulsshnit 
 
 wolf, wulf 
 
 wund, wunda 
 
 
 woman, weibsmensh, 
 
 wrangle, shdreicla, 
 
 
 weibsbild, fraw 
 
 zonka 
 
 Yankee, neienglen'r, 
 
 womb, mud r 
 
 wrap, wikla, eibina, 
 
 Yenki 
 
 women, weibsleit 
 
 eimumia, eiwikla 
 
 yard, hof, 
 
 wonder, farwunara, 
 
 wrapper, eiwiklar. 
 
 (measure) yard 
 
 wunar, wunara, 
 
 k!ad 
 
 yarn, gawru, g shicht 
 
 arsbtouna 
 
 wrath, zorn 
 
 yarrow, shofriba 
 
 wonderful, wunarbawr 
 
 wreak, ouslusa 
 
 yawn, moul ufshbara 
 
 woo, freia 
 
 wreath, blumakrons, 
 
 ye, er'. 'r 
 
 wood, huls, bush 
 
 krons, groiis 
 
 yea, ya 
 
 woodchuck, grundsou 
 
 wreck, shifbruch 
 
 year, /or 
 
 wooden-fork, 
 
 wren, zounkanich, 
 
 yearly, yarlich 
 
 shil'dgoVl 
 
 zounshlib'r 
 
 yearling, yarliug 
 
 wood-jack, sakbuk 
 
 wrench, fardraa, 
 
 yearn, bagara 
 
 woodland, hulslond 
 
 weueisa 
 
 year of scarcity, falyor 
 
 woodpecker, shbacht 
 
 wrest, ringa, draa, 
 
 yeast, sods 
 
 wood-place, hulsblods 
 
 fardraa 
 
 yell, kreisha 
 
 woods, bush 
 
 wrestle, poka 
 
 yellow, gal 
 
 wood-sorrel, souarkla 
 
 wretch, ormer deiw'l, 
 
 yellow-jacket, galweshb 
 
 woof, eishlog 
 
 ormer shluk'r, shelm 
 
 yeoman, londagn'r 
 
 wooing, freiarei 
 
 wretched, ungliklich, 
 
 yes. yaw 
 
 wool, will 
 
 alien dich, badrebd 
 
 yesterday, geshd'r 
 
 woolly, wulich, lukich 
 
 wretchedness, uuglik, 
 
 yet, nuch, dach 
 
 word, word 
 
 alend 
 
 yield, eidrawga, 
 
 wordy, wordreich 
 
 wring, draa, ousdraa 
 
 nochgawa, ufgewa 
 
 work, gasheti, arwet. 
 
 wrinkle, runs'l. runs' la 
 
 yoke, yuch, yucha 
 
 shofa, hakeia 
 
 writikied, farunsl'd 
 
 yolk, oi dut'r 
 
 work-bench, howelbonk 
 
 wrinkly, runslich 
 
 yon-ler, d^wrt, driwa 
 
 workman, shofmoii 
 
 wrist, fud'rorm 
 
 yore, for old'rs 
 
 work-room, shop 
 
 wristband, hein'rpreis 
 
 you, er, 'r, doo. se 
 
 work up, f rshofii 
 
 writ, sum' us 
 
 young, yuug 
 
 world, welt, urd 
 
 write, shreiwa 
 
 youngest, yin^shd 
 
 worldliness, weltleb, 
 
 writhe, winda, draa 
 
 young shoots, shbi outs, 
 
 weitliciikad, weltsin 
 
 writing, shrift 
 
 ou.s^lilak 
 
 worldly, weltlich 
 
 written, shriftlich 
 
 your, d i. eir 
 
 worm, worm 
 
 written agreement, 
 
 yourself, doos? w.7r 
 
 wormwood, warmut 
 
 shreiwes 
 
 youth, yiiiif-rnl, 
 
 worn out, obg'wora 
 
 wrong, lets, unrecht 
 
 yin/ HI:; 
 
 worry, kwala, bodra, j wrong way, obwak 
 
 youthful. y i;<l g 
 
 70 
 
yule zoophyte 
 
 yule, krishtdog 
 
 zealous, eifrich 
 
 zone, gart'l 
 
 weinochta 
 
 ztfto, nul, niks 
 
 zoology, derkunsht 
 
 7 
 
 zigzag, sbdawkafensich 
 
 zoophyte, deraplons 
 
 L* 
 
 zinc, ziuk 
 
 
 zeal, eifar 
 
 zither, zitar 
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. GERMAN DICTIONARY. 
 
 ous '01 heisli, crazy 
 
 klubber dos, rickety 1 shweigu, silent 
 
 bleg, plows 
 
 sbmodich, suliry | 
 
 ENGLISH-PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN VOCABULARY. 
 
 befuddled, b'nehl ; d 
 
 elliptical, loaglich rutid 
 
 loft, ^ ow'rden 
 
 befuzzled, maudlin 
 
 endless, uneiidlicb 
 
 maunikin, doiimlitig 
 
 chamb,r, shdibcha 
 
 fly-plaster, 
 
 mumble, lorbsa, 
 
 charge lawdmos 
 
 mikablosht'r 
 
 myopic, kurtsichtich 
 
 chine, riknias'l 
 
 gelding, klupheng^hd 
 
 plows. * bleg 
 
 civil, monerlich 
 
 grass widow, 
 
 pluck. gating 
 
 civility, monerlichkad 
 
 g'shad'na fraw 
 
 prodigal, dorchbringar 
 
 clang, klong 
 
 haate, hudlarei 
 
 prudella, brunella 
 
 clump, clod, klimple 
 
 hasty, hudlich 
 
 kreidliwid'rbring 
 
 commonplace, ordlich 
 
 hurry, hu'ilaw 
 
 remainder, shdimp'i 
 
 crown, (of the head) 
 
 inclemency uuwed'r 
 
 silent, shweiga 
 
 warwei 
 
 jaw-bone, zal-^wd 
 
 umpire, retaremon 
 
 done, gawr 
 
 local rain, plotsraga 
 
 
 Sucha f'r ma worda, Looking for more words. 
 
 371 
 
PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE 
 
 ITHIN the foregoing pages there 
 is recorded much that throws light 
 upon the life, history, dialect, char- 
 acter and habits of the Pennsyl- 
 vania Germans, that sturdy race of men 
 who by their toil, brains, thrift, industry, 
 honesty, fidelity, integrity and faith have 
 done so much to make Pennsylvania the 
 proud Commonwealth she is. The fathers 
 of the past, the sons of the present, and 
 they of the unborn generations will to- 
 gether make a history of achievement in 
 all the varied fields of human endeavor 
 that shall make the pulse beat quicker as 
 one remembers that of such blood was he 
 made, and that to such a heritage he was 
 born. While the dialect that so strongly 
 marks them from other tongues will vanish 
 before the onward march of the all-con- 
 quering English language, and modern 
 culture alter much of that which seems 
 rude and crude to him who has not lived 
 among them or known them, time will not 
 change the imperishable virtues which 
 this folk have infusd into the great body 
 of the people, there to blossom and to 
 bloom in word and actions that shall make 
 the world better, and humanity happier 
 by what they did. 
 
 372 
 
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 OVERDUE. 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF' CALIFORNIA LIBRARY