Mm ,•■>' .iJ A DICTIONARY OF THE DRAMA A DICTIONARY OF , THE DRAMA A GUIDE TO THE PLAYS, PLAYWRIGHTS, PLAYERS, AND PLAYHOUSES OF THE UNITED KINGDOM AND AMERICA, FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE PRESENT W. DAVENPORT ADAMS AUTHOR OF A DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE," "A BOOK OF BURLESQUE," "WITH POET AND PLAYER," ETC. VOL. I. A— G 0-- THZ LONDON CHATTO & WINDUS 1904 Am i-^*— « NIRAL PRINTED BY HLLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES. A PREFACE The aim of this work is to provide the student and the general reader with a handy means of ready reference to the leading facts of the history of the theatre in the United Kingdom and the United States. The scope of the " Dictionary " is so far comprehensive that it seeks to give information about playhouses and their designers, the writers of plays, plays themselves, jDerformers in them, their critics, their scenic and musical illustrators, theatrical terms, and stage literature generally. The accounts of Playhouses are ranged here under the names of the cities and towns possessing them, and form short sketches of the theatrical history of the more impor- tant localities. All the more prominent theatrical architects find a place in these pages. In the case of Writers of Plays, the main attempt has been to supply a chronological list of their works, with the dates (where discoverable) of publication or perform- ance, or both. Only in the instance of the more notable dramatists of the past have biographical data been included ; in that of living playwrights, the details are confined to their productions. The foreign authors introduced are those who have become well known to the English and American public through translations or adaptations of their works. vi PREFACE Performers in Plays, whether actors or vocalists, or both, are dealt with on the same principle as the Play- writers. Of the living, no biographical particulars are furnished, beyond an occasional record of the date or place of birth ; otherwise the particulars relate solely to roles (and especially " original " roles) which they have undertaken. Deceased players are treated, as a rule, more fuUj", selected criticisms being sometimes given, as Avell as references to biographical and critical authorities. Theatrical Managers, as the producers of plays and operas, necessarily figure here; as do the leading Scenic Artists and Musical Composers, the latter ranging from the writers of operas and operettas to the providers of "incidental numbers" for plays. Most of the musicians included are English or American ; but mention is also made of foreigners whose works have been produced with English librettos on one side or other of the Atlantic. Writers on the subject of the Theatre generally, or of plays and players particularly, receive due attention ; and side by side Avith the historians, biographers, and critics will be found the pamphleteers and satirists in prose and verse. In the case of Plays, the endeavour, in general, has been to indicate the author, the date and place of first performance, and in some instances the date of first publica- tion. Sometimes only the title and the name of the writer are given ; usually there are details of the first '•' cast ; " and, in all the more important cases, record is made of the principal revivals of the pieces, and of the performers appearing in them. Special pains have been bestowed upon the stage history of Shakespeare's plays and of the other classics of our dramatic literature. Further, plays with the PREFACE vii same title or on the same subjects are, for the convenience of the reader, grouped together. Separate entries are made of Characters in Plays, preference being given, of course, to the most notable. Some are inserted only by way of illustrating the stage nomen- clature of the past. A feature is also made of First Lines OP Songs in Plays ; and some explanations are oifered of Terms used familiarly in connection either with plays or with the fabric or appointments of the Theatre. No claim to an impossible "completeness" is made for this work. In all its departments a careful selection has been necessary, and that has been made with a view alike to the limits of space and to the probable requirements of the reader. Nor is it pretended that the " Dictionary " relates the theatrical events of yesterday or the day before. No work of reference, not even an " annual," can be absolutely "up to date." Scattered over these pages are many references to the stage history of the present year ; but the object throughout has been to record rather the perma- nently than the temporarily interesting. Finally, the mass of material collected — very much of it from unprinted sources — has been so great as to necessitate condensation and compression to the fullest extent consistent with clearness and accuracy. As regards the latter quality, every effort has been made to secure it ; but, in the multitude of facts and figures contained w^ithin these covers, it would be almost miraculous if no misprints were detected. More- over, theatrical chroniclers often differ as tb dates ; others, especially when they are autobiographers, offer none or few ; many indulge in a pei'plexing vagueness. In truth, those to whom the subject of this "Dictionary" is most familiar viii PREFACE will be the first, one may be sure, to pardon any little slip, of omission or commission, into wliich the author may by chance have been betrayed. It should be added that the second, and concluding, volume of this work is passing through the press, and will be issued in the early autumn. W. D. A. June, 190 Jt. DICTIONARY OF THE DRAMA A la Campag-ne. See Doubtful "Victory, A. A Trente Ans. See Charming Woman, A. A 1. A character in F. Talfourd's ' Abon Hassan' (^.t'.). Aaron. A Moor, in ' Titus Andronicus ' (q.v.) ; beloved by Tamora, Queen of the Goths (q.v.). Abaddun. An evil genius in Planchil's ■*Good Woman in the Wood' (q.v.). Absellino, the Great Bandit. A (drama adapted by William Dunlap (q.v.) from tlie (Jerman story by Zschokke (the orighial of M. G. Lewis's tale, ' The Bravo of Venice '), and first performed at New York, U.S.A., on February 11, 1801, with Hodgkin- son as the hero, and his wife as Rosamimda. Ahcellino was among the rdles of J. R. Duff, and Itosamunda among those of his wife. The drama itself gave, says William Winter, "an occasion for a facetious exploit by Jefferson the third and his comrades, to the discomfiture of an actor named Andrew Jackson Allen [q.v.]. . . . Allen was partial to the play of ' Aba?llino,' and on the occa- sion named he had chosen it for his benefit night. Its closing situation presents the whole dramatis personce on the scene, and, at a critical moment, they all are to exclaim, * Where is Abcellino ? ' But Jefferson's mischievous plan had arranged that when this moment should come tlie entire com- pany should stand immovable and speech- less. Abcellino, his head darkly muffled in his cloak, for a while awaited the word. At last he was heard to mutter several tunes, ' Somebody say *' Where's Abcellino ?" ' There was no response, and the house was already in a titter. The dilemma was finally broken by Allen himself, who loudly cried out, ' If you want to know where's Abcellino, here he is,' and threw off his disguise, amid shrieks of laughter." There are several other plays based (m Zschokke's story. See Rugantino and Venetian Outlaw. Ahanazar. (1) A Jew in Planche's ' Jewess ' (q.v.). (2) The magician in the various dramatizations of the story of Aladdin (q.v.). Abbaye de Castro (L'). Demonio and Broken Vow. See Bel Abbe Constantin (L'). A play by H. Crernieux and P. Decourcelle (itself founded on a novel by Ludovic Halevy), adapted by Clinton Stuart, and produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in 18S8, with J. Gilbert in the title part, and Miss F. Gerard (Mrs. Abbey) in the principal female r6le. Abbe de I'Epee (The); or, Deaf and Dumb. A play adapted from the French of Bouilly by W. Dunlap (q.v.), and produced at New York in 1801, with Mrs. Powell as the deaf and dumb boy. See Deaf and Dumb. Abbe Vaudreuil (The); or, The Court of Louis XV. A play by 11. R. Addison (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on March 19, 1860, with Mdme. Celeste in the title part (which was always a favourite role with her, and in which she took her "farewell benefit" at the Adelphi on December 17, 1870). The cast also included Miss Hudspeth as Marie de Rohan, Miss Kate Savile as Mdme. de Pom- padour, and Villiers as Henri Delcour. A portion of the action consists of what Delcour imagines to have happened in a dream. The Abb^ appears (along with Mdme. de Pompadour and others) in the vision, and acts as the familiar spirit of Delcour in various adventures. Abberville, Lord. The hero of Cum- berland's 'Fashionable Lover' (q.v.). Abbey, H. E. See New York Thea- tres. Abbey of St. Aug-tistine (The). A play by Robert Merry (q.v.), first per- formed at Philadelphia in 1797. Abbey Park Theatre. See New York Theatres. Abbot of St. Maurice (The) figures in Lord Byron's ' Manfred' (q.v.). Abbott, Mrs. William (ne'e Buloid). Actress, died 1858 ; made her debut in New York in 1834, and married Abbott in 1842. She was the second representative in America of Grace Harkaway in ' London Assurance ' (q.v.), and supported Charlotte Cushman at Niblo's Theatre, New York, in 1858. Seo Ireland's ' New York Stage ' (1866). Abbott, WiUiam. Actor and dramatic writer, born at Chelsea in 1789, died at ABDALLA A BECKETT Baltimore, 1843'; -nja'tle. Ins dt^hut at Bath in 1S(U5 ; appeared at the Haymarket in I80S, ami agabi in 1810 ; wa^s engaged at Co vent Garden from lol3 onwards ; accom- panied Miss SmitliSon Lo' Paris in 1827; returned to Covent Garden, and in 1835 went to America, where he met with little success, and died at last under melancholy circumstances. He was the original per- former of Lothair in 'The :Miller and his Men' (q.v.), Appius Claudius in ' Virginius' {q.v.), and Modus in 'The Hunchback '(^.r.). He played Pylades in ' The Distressed IMother'at Covent Garden in 1816, Charles Surface at Paris in 1827, Romeo at Covent Garden in 1830, and Hamlet at Philadelphia in 1836. "Mr. Abbott," wTote Hazlitt, "never acts ill." He was the author of two melodramas: 'The Youthful Days of Frederic the Great' {q.v.) and 'Swedish Patriotism' {q.v.). See 'Biography of the British Theatre ' (1824) ; Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832) ; Donaldson's ' Recollections of an Actor ' (1865) ; Brown's ' American Stage ' (1870) ; and the ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). Abdalla. A tragedy by J. Delap {q.v.\ printed in 1803. See Genest's 'English Stage ' (1832). Abdalla. Brother of the caliph, in Mrs. Manley's ' Almyna' {q.v.). Abdallali. (1) A character in ^liss Lee's ' Almeyda ' {q.v.). (2) Captain of the Forty Thieves, in all the pieces founded on the well-known story. See Ali Baba ; FORTY Thieves; Open Sesame. Abdelazer; or, The Moor's He- vengre. A tragedy by Aphra Bkhn {q.v.), performed at the Duke of York's Theatre in 1677, with Betterton in the title part, Mrs. Lee as the Queen, Han-is a,s Ferdinand, Mrs. Betterton as Florella, and Smith as Philip. The play is based on Marlowe's ' Lust's Do- minion ' {q.v.). " Mrs. Behn," says Genest, " has made some considerable changes in the fifth act, and improved the whole play. Ab- delazer is a striking character. The outlines of Zanga are evidently borrowed from it, but the two parts differ in this — Zanrja has one object only in view, revenge; whereas Abdelazer is instigated not only by the desire of revenge, but also by jealousy, am- bition, and love" ('The English Stage'). Abdelazer is the son of the King of Fez, who has been conquered and killed by the Kinrf of Spain. To revenge himself on the latter, Abdelazer becomes the paramour of his " lascivious queen." He afterwards poisons the Kinfj, and kills the King's son Ferdinand, who has assailed the chastity of Florella, Abdelazefs wife. Eventually the Queen is assassinated by order of Abdelazer, who in the end is slain by the King's other •son, Philip, and his party. See Revenge, The. Abdelmelec. Uncle of Miilg Mahamet in 'The Battle of Alcazar' (^'.i'.). Abder Khan. King of Tartary, in H. M. MiLNER's 'Mazeppa' {q.v.), and which he was editor (1867-71), White (1872), the Edinburgh d in H. J. Byron's burlesque of that name {q.v.). Abdicated Prince (The); or, The Adventures of Four Years. A poli- tical pamphlet, written in dramatic form, and directed against James II. One of the characters remarks of that king that " cer- tainly never man took such pains to win a kingdom as this unhappy prince does to lose one." James is also accused of com- passing the death of his brother Charles. The " hero " of the piece, which was pub- lished in 1690, is the Duke of Monmouth. See the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812). A Beckett. See Becket and Thomas A Becket. A Beckett, Arthur "William. Dra- matic Avriter, novelist, and journalist, liorn 1S44 ; son of Gilbert Abbott t\ Beckett ; author of the following plavs : ' Faded Flowers' (1872), ' L. S. D.' (1872), 'About Town ' (1873), ' On Strike ' (1873), and ' Long Ago ' (1882), all of which see ; also, co-author with J. Palgi-ave Simpson {q.v.) of 'From Father to Son' {q.v.): has contributed theatrical criticisms and other articles to the Oriental Budget (1862-4), the Glowworm (1865-7), a 'Saturday Journal of Satire' of Black and Courant and Perthshire Advertiser (1871-5), Punch (since 1875), the Sunday Times (" Greenroom Recollections"), the Theatre, London Society, etc. "!A. Beckett, Gilbert Abbott. Dra- matic writer, born 1811, died 1S56 ; author of the following dramatic pieces : ' The Ambassadress,' 'The Artist's Wife,' ' The Assignation,' 'The Black Domino,' ' Thu Castle of Otranto,' ' A Clear Case,' ' Fi- garo in London,' 'Jack Brag,' 'Joe ISIiller and his Men,' 'The King Incog.,' 'Kini; John ' (burlesque), ' Love is Blind,' ' Tin; Magic Mirror,' ' Man-Fred,' ' The Man with the Carpet Bag,' ' The Mendicant,' ' Pascal Bruno,' 'The Postilion,' ' The Revolt of the Workhouse,' ' The Roof-Scrambler,' ' The Siamese Twins,' 'St. :Mark's Eve,' 'The Sou of the Sun,' 'The Three Graces,' 'The Tradesman's Ball,' ' The Turned Head,' 'Unfortunate Miss Bailey,' 'Wanted, a Brigand,' ' The Wonderful Lamp in a New Light,' 'The World Underground,' and 'The Yellow Dwarf ;' the libretti of ' Agnes Screl ' and 'Little Red Riding Hood;' and, Avith Mark Lemon, 'Don Caesar de Bazan,' 'The Chimes,' 'The Knight and the Sprite,' 'O Gemini,' 'Open Sesame,' 'Peter Wilkins,' ' Sardanapalus,' and 'St. George and the Dragon,'— all of which see. A Beckett was also the author of 'Scenes from Rejected Comedies ' {q.v.) and ' Quizziology of the British Drama' {q.v.). See Queen's Ball. A Beckett, Gilbert Arthur. Dra- matic and miscellaneous writer, born 1837, died 1891 ; son of Gilbert Abbott h. Beckett {q.v.) ; wrote the following plays, burlesques, and pantomimes : ' Ali Baba,' ' The Babes in the Wood,' ' Charles XL ; or, Something ABEDNEGO ABIGAIL like History,' * Christabel,* ' Diamonds and Hearts,' 'Face to Face,' 'Glitter,' 'In the Clouds,' 'Last of the Legends,' 'Lending a Hand,' ' Red Hands,' ' Terrible Hymen,' ' Two Harlequins,' and ' An Utter Perver- sion of the Brigand," all of which see ; also the following, produced at the German Reed entertainments : ' The Ancient Britons,' ' A Christmas Stocking," ' A Mountain Heiress,' ' Once in a Centurv,' ' The Pirate's Home,' ' The Spanish Bond,' ' The Three Tenants,' ' That Dreadful Boy,' ' Two Foster Brothers,' and ' The Wicked Duke ; ' also the legend of 'The White PilgTira' (q.v.); the libretti of 'L'Ombra' (q.v), 'Savonarola' (^'.t'.), and 'The Canterbury Pilgrims' (q.v.)', and lyrics for ' Captain Ther^se ' (q.v.) and ' La Cigale ' (q.v.). He was part author (Avith W. S. Gilbert) of 'The Happy Land' (q.v.), (with C. H. Ross) of ' The Sleeping Beauty ' (q.v.), (with Clement Scott) of 'Many Happy Returns,' of 'An Indian Puzzle,' and of ' Grimstone Grange.' Abedneg-o. (1) The Jew, in T, Dibdin's 'Jew and the Doctor' (q.v.). (2) A money- lender in R. Buchanan's 'Dick Sheridan' (q.v.). Abel. A " sacred drama," set to music by Dr. Arne, and performed at Drury Lane in 17.55. — Abel is among the personoe in Lord Byron's 'Cain : a :Mystery' (q.v.). Abel Drake. A drama in five acts, founded by John Saunder.s (q.v.) (with some assistance from Tom Taylor) on his novel of the same name, and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Leeds, on October 9, 1874, with D. Bandmann in the title part, and Mrs. Bandmann as Barbara, other roles being taken by Mrs. H. Kirby and S. John- son ; first performed in London at the Princess's Theatre, on May 20, 1S76, and afterwards reduced to three acts. 'Abel Drake's Wife' is tlie title of a play pro- duced at Her Majesty's Theatre, Richmond, Surrey, in January, 1872. Abelard, Count. A character in H. F. Chorley's ' Duchess Eleanour ' (q.v.). Abelard and Heloise. A drama in three acts, by J. B. Buckstone (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, with E. F. Saville and Jlrs. Yates in the title parts, and other characters by Yates, "O." Smith, D. Pitt, J. Reeve, Buckstone, Mrs. R. Honner, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam. See Buckstone's ' Popular Dramas ' (1834-7). Abenamar. Father of Almahide (q.v.), in Dryden's 'Conquest of Granada' (q.v.). Aberdeen. The first record of theatrical performances in this old Scotch city relates to 1562, when Queen Mary visited the place, and was received with festivities which included the performance of "spectacles, plays, and interludes." It appears to have been the habit of the citizens at this period to "make glaid the Kynges Majestie with farsceis, playes, histories," etc. In 1601 King James ordered Lawrence Fletcher and his comedians to exhibit "plays, comedies, and stage plays " in Aberdeen, and we read that they were presented with thirty-two merks and entertained at supper, the freedom of the city being also conferred upon them. In 1745 the Edinburgh company paid a visit, but in the interval a change had come over the spirit of the municipality, and the actors were prohibited from performing. They came again in 1751, and, being again pro- hibited, erected a wooden building outside the city limits, where, however, they met with little success. In 1768 AVilliam Fisher and his company played in a hall at the New Inn, but they, too, met with little encouragement. At last, in 1780, Aberdeen obtained its first theatre— built at the back of an inn in Queen Street. " It had," says J.Keith Angus, " no boxes ; the price of ad- mission to the pit was half a crown, to the gallery one and sixpence ; when filled, the receipts amounted to nearly forty pounds." Another theatre, with boxes, was erected at about the same time in what is now called Chronicle Lane. It was conducted by one Sutherland on the "starring" system. There is also record (in 1779) of a theatre being " run" in Shoe Lane by West Digges (q.v.). In 1789 the building in Queen Stireet was converted into a chapel, and six years after (1795), a house in Marischal Street was, by way of compensation, converted into a theatre, at a cost of about £3000. This latter establishment forms the subject of a. monograph by J. Keith Angus (' A Scotch. Playhouse,' 1875), from which most of the par- ticulars in this article are derived. Stepher> Kemble (q.v.) was the first manager, but. did not stay in Aberdeen long. In 1799 one- Bell figured as lessee, in 1802 one Hamilton and later still came a Mr. Beaumont, a Mr. and ]Mrs. Mudie, and a Mr. Eraser (1812). In 1817 the theatre passed into the hands of Corbet Ryder (q.v.), who remained in posses- sion till 1842. He was followed by managers of the names of Langley and Adams, and by his widow, who afterAvards married a member of her company called Pollock. He died about 1853, and Mrs. Pollock con- ducted the theatre alone till 1S62. She was. succeeded in 1869 by A. D. jM'Neil (q.v.), and, later, by Edward Price (q.v.), who, like M'Xeil, had mai-ried one of her daughters, by -her first husband. The boards of the theatre had been trodden at one time or other by such "stars" as Edmund and Charles Kean, Charles Mackav, John Van- denhoff, J. P. Kemble, J. B. Booth, Sheridan Knowles, Miss O'Neil, T. P. Cooke, G. V. Brooke, Mrs. Warner, John Bannister, Daniel Terry, Charles ^NLayne Young, Miss Helen Faucit, Samuel Phelps, and Oxberry. The present theatre (Her Majesty's) was built in 1872 and opened in December of that year, under the management of W. Gomersal. The lesseeship has .since been held successively by Miss Annie Baldwin, W. M'Farland, and R. Arthur. Abhorson. An executioner in 'Measure for Measure' (g. v.). Abigail. (1) The waiting-woman in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Scornful Lady' ABIMELECH ABLE (q.v.). (2) Daughter of Barabas in Mar- lowe's 'Jew of Malta' {q.v.). (3) Hand- maid to the Jewess in W. T. Moncrieff'S play of that name C?.r.). (4) Handmaid to Lady Agnes in J. B. BucKSTONE'S ' Flowers of the Forest ' (q.v.). (5) A waiting-maid in H. J. Byron's 'Princess Springtime' (q.v.). (6) The Lady Aurora Abigail is first lady of the bedchamber in Planche's 'Sleeping Beauty in the Wood' (q.v.). See Allspice, Abigail. Abimelecli. An oratorio, music by Dr. Arnold, performed at Covent Garden in 1768. Abing-don, W. L. Actor, born ISGO ; made his professional debut at Belfast in 18S0, and his London debut, as George Benson in ' Shadows of a Great City,' in 1S87. Since then he has figured in the original casts of Cleary's ' Mirage,' Nisbet's ' Dorothy Gray,' Doone's 'Daughter's Sacrifice,' Sims and Pettitt's 'London Day by Day,' Sims and Buchanan's ' English Rose ' and ' Black Domino,' Mrs. Wylde's 'Her Oath,' Mackay and Denbigh's ' The Life we Live,' Miss Burney's ' The 'County,' Keith's ' Hush Money,' and Grundy's ,' An Old Jew ;' also, in the original London casts of Camp- bell's ' Siberia,' Arthur's ' The Still Alarm,' Pettitt's 'Hands Across the Sea,' Zola's ' Ther^se Raquin ' (Laurent), 'The Great Metropolis,' Nouhuys' 'The Gold Fish' {Kooders), 'The Broken Melody.' and De Mille's 'The Lost Paradise.' He has also been seen as Dr. Bank in ' A Doll's House ' (1891), and Captain Hawtree in ' Caste ' (1894). Abing-ton, Mrs. (Fanny Barton). Actress, born about 1737, died 1815 ; the daughter of a private soldier, though some have traced her connection with the Bartons of Derbyshire. She began her career as a flower-girl, being known to " the town" as •'Nosegay Fan." She afterwards became servant to a French milliner, and thus ob- tained a taste for dress, and an acquaintance ■with her employer's native tongue, which were eventually of much service to her. She is also said to have acted as cookmaid in a family, and to have gone through other and less creditable experiences. Her first appearance on the stage was made through Theophilus Cibber, and at the Haymarket on August 21, 1755, the character being that •of Miranda in ' The Busybody.' Afterfigur- ing in a few other parts, she went succes- sively to Bath and to Richmond, where she ■was engaged by the manager for Drury Lane. She appeared at the last-named theatre in Novembei', 1756. In 1759 she married her music-master, Mr. Abington : and, at the end of her fourth season at the Lane, mi- grated to Dublin (Smock Alley Theatre). There she remained for five years, "highly esteemed." Reappearing' at Drury Lane in 1765, .she was at once accepted as the repre- sentative of the leading parts in comedy— a position which she occupied at the theatre for the next eighteen years. She will always be best remembered as the first imper- sonator of Lady Teazle, but her range of characters was a wide one. She was the original of Maria in ' Arden of Feversham,' Lady Bab in ' High Life Below Stairs,' Betty in 'The Clandestine Marriaee,' Char- lotte in ' The Hypocrite,' Charlotte in ' The West Indian,' Bcxalana in ' The Sultan,' and Miss Hoyden in ' The Trip to Scarborough.' Among her Shakespearean parts were Desdemona (1755), Beatrice (1759), Portia (1759), Ophelia (1771-2), and Olivia (1771-2). Her other roles included Sylvia in 'The Recruiting- Officer' (1755), Prince Prettyman in 'The Rehearsal' (1755), Lady Pliant in ' The Double Dealer' (1756), Lucy Locket in 'The Beggar's Opera' (1758-9), Mrs. Sullen in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1759), Lady Fanciful in 'The Provoked Wife' (1759), the "fine lady" in 'Lethe' (1759), Kitti/ in 'High Life Below Stairs' (1759), Miss Prue in ' Love for Love ' (1760-1), Polly Honeyeomhe in G. Colman senior's plav (1760-1), Widoiv Bellmour in 'The Way to keep Him ' (1760-1), Mrs. Oakley in ' The Jealous Wife' (1761-2), Polly Peachum in ' Beggar's Opera ' (1764-5), Millamant in 'The Way of the World' (1765-6), Lady ToM'uZe?/ in 'TheProvokedHu.sband' (1767-8), Mrs. Ford in ' Merrv Wives of Windsor' (1769-70), Lady Sadlife in ' The Double Gal- lant ' (1769-70), Lady Betty Modish in ' The Careless Husband' (1769-70), Lady Froth in ' The Double Dealer' (1772-3), Miss Hoyden in 'The Man of Quality' (1773-4), Lady Flutter in 'The Discovery' (1775-6), Lydia Languish in 'The Rivals' (1776-7), Lady Backet in 'Three Weeks after Marriage' (l7Si-5), Scrub in 'The Beaux' Stratagem' (1785-6), and Bisarre in 'The Inconstant' (17S7-8). Davies wrote of her : "So various and unlimited are her talents, that she is not confined to females of a superior class ; she can descend occasionally to the country girl, the romp, the hoyden, and the chambermaid, and put on the various airs, humours, and whimsical peculiarities of these under-parts ; she thinks nothing low that is in nature : nothing mean or beneath her skill which is characteristical." O'Keefe testifies that " Mrs. Abington's manner was charmingly fascinating, and her speaking voice melo- dious. She had pecuUar tricks in acting ; one was turning her wrist, and seeming to stick a pin in the side of her waist. She was also very adroit in the exercise of her fan." Dibdin records that "her taste for dress was novel and interesting. She was consulted by ladies of the first distinction, not from caprice, but from a decided con- viction of her judgment in blending what was beautiful with what was becoming." See Davies' ' Life of Garrick ' (1780), Dibdin's 'History of the Stage' (1795), O'Keefe's ' Recollections ' (1826), Gene.st's 'English Stage ' (1832), Taylor's ' Records of Mv Life ' (1869), Crahb Robinson's 'Diary' "(1869), Dutton Cook's 'Hours with the Players' (1881), and 'Actors and Actresses' (New York, 1886). Able. A character in Howard's ' Com- mittee ' (q.v.). ABOAN ABROAD AND AT HOME Aboan. A character in Southerne's 'Oroonoko ' (q.v.). Abomelique. The hero of the old melodrama 'Blue Beard' (q.v.), and of H. J. Byron's burlesque of that name (q.v.). He figures in Planche and Dance's ' Blue Beard' (q.v.) as the Baron Abomelique, and in BURNAND's 'Blue Beard' {q.v.) as the Baron Abomelique de Barbe Bleue. Abomelique the Second. Prince of Piombino in ISABELLA VERNIER'S ' Barber and Bravo' (q.v.). Abon Hassan. A character in the ' Arabian Nights,' and the leading figure in (1) 'Abon Hassan : ' a farce by W. Dimond (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on April 4, 1S25, with Horn as the hero, Miss Graddon as Zulima, Bedford as the Caliph, and Mrs. Orger as Zobeide ; first produced in New York in 1S27. The main incidents had previously been treated by O'Keefe in his 'Dead Alive' (q.v.). Abon and Zulima have married contrary to the wishes of the Sultan and Zobeide, but, after certain mysti- fications produced by their pretending to be dead, they are taken back to favour. (2) ' Abu Hassan ' (q.v.). (3) ' Abon Hassan ; or. The Hunt after Happiness : ' an extravaganza by Francis Talfourd (q.v.), first performed at the St. James's Theatre, London, on December 26, 1854, with ^Nliss Marshall in the title part, J. L. Toole as Uaroun-al- Itaschid, and Miss Eleanor Bufton as Equa- ■nocta ; "smartly written, but inett'ective," was E. L. Blanchard's comment in his ' Diary.' (4) 'Abon Hassan ; or, An Arabian Knight's Entertainment : " an extravaganza by Arthur O'Neil, first performed at the Charing Cross Theatre on December 11, 1869, with Miss E. Fowler in the "name role," C. P. Flockton as Haroun, and Miss R. Roberts as Zobeide. Aboudlefatalikh.anshah. The pacha in W. H. Oxberry's 'Pacha's Pets' (q.v.). About, Edmond. The ' Roi des Mon- tagues ' of this author (1S2S-1S84) was the foundation of Tom Taylor's 'Brigand and his Banker' (^'.r.). See, also, Sunny Side, Thzo. A"bout Town. A comedy in three acts by Arthur W. A'Beckett (q.v.), first per- formed at the Court Theatre, London, on :\Iay 12, 1873, with Edgar Bruce as Sir Walter Mervyn, Chippendale, jun., as Monteagle, Miss Kate Bishop, Miss Marie Litton, George Rignold, E. C. Righton, and INIrs. Stephens. Mervyn and Monteagle are two young men " about town." The comedy was first played in America at Daly's Broadway Theatre, New York, on September 29, 1873, with Miss Minnie Waltou in Miss Bishop's part. Above and Below. A comic drama in two acts, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on July 16, 1846, with a cast including A. AVigan, F. Matthews, Keeley, Diddear, Meadows, and Miss Fairbrother. In this piece the action is carried on simultaneously in two rooms, one "above" and one "be- low." See Actor of All Work; Sans Souci. Abra-Mule ; or, Love and Empire. A tragedy by Dr. Joseph Trapp (q.v.), founded on a " history of the dethronement of Mahomet lY." by Le Noble (translated by " S. P."), and first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in January, 1704, with Mrs. Bracegirdle in the title part, Yerbruggen as Pyrrhus, Betterton as Mahomet IV., and Powell as Solyman. Abra-Mule loves and is beloved by Pyrrhus, the grand vizier ; Mahomet, the emperor, and Solyman, his brother, also love her ; but Mahomet is deposed,and Solyman resigns her to Pyrrhus. Abra.dates and Pantbea. (1) A tra- gedy by Roberts, founded on a passage in Xenophon's ' Cyropsedia,' and acted in 1770 by the scholars of St. Paul's School. (2) An unacted tragedy by John Edwards, published in 1808, and founded, like its pre- decessor, on Xenophon. Abradates is King of Susiana, and, he being killed in battle, his wife Panthea commits suicide. See Panthea. Abraham. The Hebrew patriarch is the central figure in various old dramas. (1) The story of Abraham and Isaac, for example, forms the subject of plays in the Chester, Coventry, and Widkirk series. The Chester play has a comic prologue by one " Gobbet on the Green " (q.v.). For analysis and quotations, see Collier's ' Di-amatic Poetry ' (miracle-plays). (2) ' The Ti-agec\ie of Abraham's Sacrifice ; ' a religious play, translated by Arthur Golding (g.i'.) from the French of Theodore Beza, and published in 1577. (3) ' Abram and Lot' figm-es in Henslowe's list of the plays acted by "the Earl of Sussex's servants " in 1593. (4) •Abraham,' a 'mystery,' was edited by J. P. Collier, and published in 1836. Abraham and Isaac. See Abraham. Abraham Parker. See Addison, H. R. Abraham's Sacrifice. See Abraham. Abrahamides. A character in 'The Tailors' (q.v.). Abram and Lot. See Abraham. Abricotina. The princess's maid, in PLANCiiii's 'Invisible Prince' (q.v.). Abroad and at Home. A comic opera in three acts, by J. G. Holman (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden Theatre on November 19, 1796, Avith INIrs. Second as Miss Hartley, INIrs. Martyr as Kitty, Incledon as Ilarcourt, Quick as incoln and Winchester, referred to by Ascham in his 'Schoolmaster' (1570) and Meres in his 'Palladis Tamia' (1598). See David and Bethsabe. Absence of Mind; or, Wanted £5. A comedietta, adapted by W. Poel from the German of Kotzebue, and per- formed atthe Victoria Theatre, London, with a cast including the adapter and Mrs. C. M'arner ; also, at the Olympic Theatre, July 11, 1884. Absences de Monsieur (Les). See Absent Man ; Out of Sight, Out of Mind. Absent Apothecary (The). A farce in two acts, attributed to the authors of 'Rejected Addresses' (James and Horace Smith), and first performed at Drury Lane on February 10, 1S13. It was finally con- demned on the second night of its produc- tion. Miss Kelly, Bannister, John.stone, and Knight were in the cast. "The 'Ab.sent Apothecary' was by no means an original character, as he strongly resembled the * Absent Man ' " (q.v.). Absent, liOrd and Lady. Characters in Taverner's 'Artful Wife' (q.v.). Absent Man (The). (1) A farce .said to have been written by Thomas Hull (q.v.), ■and first performed at Covent Garden on April 28, 1764, with Shuter, Dunstall, Mat- tocks, and Miss Miller in the cast. (2) A farce by Isaac Bickerstaffe (q.v.), per- formed at Drury Lane on March 21, 1768, with King as Shatterhrain the hero, Cau- therley as Welldon, and Mrs. W. Barry as Flavia. Shatterhrain is engaged to marry Flavia, but forgets all about the ceremony, and the lady takes the opportunity to espou.se Welldon, her lover. The author confesses to having taken the idea of the farce from La Bruyere's " character" of Menalcas. (3) A farcical comedietta in one act, freely adapted by G. Roberts {q.v.) from ' Les Absences de Monsieur ' {q.v.), and first performed at the Holborn Theatre, London, on June 18, 1870, with A. Wood as J^l armaduke Maze and W. Brunton as Sam Sloper. Absent One (The). See Wigan, Horace. Absolute, Sir Anthony and Cap- tain. Father and son in Sheridan's 'Rivals' (7. r.). Sir Anthony, says Hazlitt, is " an evident copy after Smollett's kind- hearted and high-spirited Matthew Bram- ble" (a character in 'Humphrey Clinker.') Captain Absolute, in love with Lydia Languish (q.v.), masquerades as ' Ensign Beverley.' " Absolute the knave is ! (How)." — ' Hamlet,' act v. so. 1. Abstract and brief chronicles of the time." Hamlet's description of "the players " in act ii. sc. 2. " After your death," he adds, " you were better have a bad epitaph than their ill report while you live." Abu Hassan. An operetta, music by Weber, produced, with an English libretto, at Drury Lane in 1835. See Abon Hassan. Abudah. An Arab wamor in Hughes's * Siege of Damascus ' (q.v.). Abudah ; or, The Talisman of Orosmanes. A musical piece by J. R. Planche (q.v.), founded on one of Ridley's ' Tales of the Genii,' and produced at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on April 13, 1819, with H. Kemble as Ahvdah, Harley as Fadlah- dallah, and IVIrs. Bland as Zemroude. " The ballads sung in it were set by that extra- ordinary character, Michael Kelly" (q.v.). Abuses: "containing both a Comedy and a Tragedy, performed July SO, 1606, before the Kings of Great Britain and Den- mark, by the Children of Paul's." See Sir Thomas More. Academy (The) ; or. The Cam- bridg-e Dons. A manuscript comedy by Joshua Barnes, in the library of Emmanuel College, Cambridge; "appears," says W. C. Hazlitt, "to have been written about the year 1675." Academy of Music. See New York Theatres. Acasto, Lord, in Otway's 'Orphan' (q.v.), is father to Castalio, Polydore, and Serina, and guardian of Monimia. Accomplished Maid (The). A comic opera, adapted from 'La Buona Figliuola' of Goldoni by Edward Toms (q.v.), and first performed at Covent Garden on December 3, 1766, with Mrs. INIattocks as Fanny the heroine. Mattocks as Lord Bellmour, and Shuter, Dibdin, etc., in other parts. Fanny, a foundling, turns out to be a German baroness, and is married to Bellmour. Accring^on (Lancashire). The Prince's Theatre here was built in 1882. Accusation ; or, The Pamily of Ang-lade. A play in three acts, by J. Howard Payne (q.v.), adapted from the French, and first performed at Drury Lane on February 1, 1816, with Miss Kelly as Ma- dame d'Anglade, Rae as D'Anglade, Wallack as Valmore, Mrs. Glover as Madame de Cerval, and Bartley, Barnard, Knight, Powell, and Penley in other parts. Another version, entitled 'The Portfolio' (q-v.), was brought out at Covent Garden on the same evening as a farcical after-piece. The play was produced in ?sew York in 1816, with Mrs. Barnes as Madame d'Anglade. Hazlitt wrote of 'Accusation' that " the old histo- rical materials are rather scanty, consisting only of a narrative of a robbery committed on a nobleman by some members of his own household, for which a INI. d'Anglade, who with his fumily occupied part of the same hotel, was condemned on false evidence to the galleys." ACCUSING SPIRIT ACIS AND GALATEA Accusing: Spirit (The); or, The Three Travellers of the Tyrol. A drama in three acts, by W. E. Suter (q.v.), first performed at the Grecian Theatre, London, on March 5, 1S60, Avith ]Mead as £ric; revived at the Queen's Theatre in May, 1861, with C. Sennett as Uric. Ace of Clubs (The). A play in five acts, adapted by Arthur Shirley from P. Decourcelle's 'L'As de Trefle' (Ambigu, Paris, March, 1883), and first played at the Theatre Royal, Darlington, on March 22, 1889. Achademios, The Comedy of. A dramatic work by John Skelton (q.v.), referred to by him in his ' Garlande or Chapelet of Lawrell ' (1523). "Aches." — 'Tempest,' act 1. sc. 2. John Kemble's mode of pronouncing this word — as if in two syllables — was the cause of much controversy and excitement. In 1806 "a crowded house attended Cooke's first performance of Prospero merely to ascertain whether he would or would not adopt his manager's orthoepy. Cooke dis- creetly avoided the difficulty by omitting altogether the lino in which the disputed word occurs." Achilles. The Greek hero is a promi- nent personage in several dramatic pieces : (1) ' Achilles ; or, Iphigenia in Aulis : ' a tragedy by Abel Boyer (q.v.), translated from the ' Iphigeuie ' of Racine, and per- formed at Drury Lane in 169i), with Powell as Achilles, Wilks as Agamemnon, Gibber as Ulysses and Calchas, Mills as Areas, iNIrs. Rogers as Iphigenia, and Mrs. Knight as Clytemnestra. The only variation from Racine is in the last scene of the fifth act. The play was revived at Covent Garden in March, 1778, under the title of ' Iphigenia.' It was printed in 1700. See Victim, The. (2) 'Achilles :' an opera by John Gay (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on Feb- ruary 10, 1733, with Salway in the title part, Quin as Lycomecles, Chapman as Ulysses, and Miss Norsa as Ueidamia. " This piece, which is in the manner of the ' Beggar's Opera,' is aludicrous relation of the discovery oiAcliilles by Ulysses. The scene lies in the court of Lycomecles. Achilles is in woman's clothes through the whole play, and it con- cludes by his marriage with Deidamia." Doran remarks that, "by the treatment of the subject. Gay did not manifest the inno- cency to which he laid claim, nor show him- self either in wit a man or in simplicity a child." Under the title of 'Achilles in Petticoats,' Gay's opera, altered by George Colman (q.v.), and set to music by Dr. Arne, was brought out at Covent Garden on De- cember 16, 1773, with Mattocks as Achilles, Du-Bellamy as Lycomedes, and Mrs. Mat- tocks as Deidamia. (3) ' Achilles in Scyros : ' an opera, translated from Metastasio by John Hoole, and printed in 1800. (4) ' Achilles in Scyros : ' a dramatic poem by Robert Bridges (q.v.). — Achilles has figured also in burlesque, e.g. in Kenney's *La Belle Helene' (q.v.), and R. Brough'a * Siege of Troy ' (q.v.). Achilles in Petticoats. See Achilles. Achilles in Scyros, See Achili^s. Achman. An actor employed at Drury Lane, mentioned by Churchill in ' The Ros- ciad,' and highly praised by Hugh Kelly (q.v.). Achmet. A character in Brown's 'Barbarossa' (q.v.). Achmet, Mrs. Actress (nde Egan), and a pupil of Lee Lewis ; made her firsc appear- ance in Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin, about 1785, and was successful there in ' The Grecian Daughter,' 'Imoinda,' and other plays. After her marriage she toured in the English provinces, and in 1789 made her debut in London at Covent Garden as Juliet. Among her other parts was Sir Harry Wildair. "In person," wrote a contemporary, " she is elegant, in action graceful, but deficient in force and anima- tion." See the ' Tliespian Dictionary' (1805). Achoreus. A character in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'False One' (q.v.) and CiBBER's ' Cajsar in Egypt' (q.v.). Achurch, Janet. Actress, born 1864 ; made her debut in London at the Olympic Theatre in 1883, playing Lady Stanmore in 'A Great Catch' and Lady Albemarle in 'The Queen's Favourite.' She afterwards toured through the provinces, starring as Lady Audley in. 'Lady Audley's Secret' and Mercy Merrick in 'The New Magdalen,' etc. ; and playing ,"lead" with F. R. Benson in a round of Shakespearean and other "legi- timate " plays (Lady Macbeth, Queen iu ' Hamlet,' Pauline in ' Lady of Lyons,' etc.). Between 1886 and 1890 she enacted in Lon- don the following (and other) original r6les : CUmence in 'A Gay Husband,' Angela in Chambers and Little's 'Devil's Caresfoot,' Alice Lellairs in Buchanan's ' Partners,' Mathilde in Wills and Grundy's ' Pompadour,' Ile.^ter Prynne in Nelson's ' Scarlet Letter,' and Nora in Ibsen's 'Doll's House." In 1890-2 she and her husband- Charles Charrington (q.v.) — undertook a "starring" tour in Australia, India, and Egypt, where she added largely to her repertory. Returning to London in 1892, she appeared at the Avenue Theatre as Stephanie de Mohrivart in ' Forget me Not ' (q.v.), and at the Grand Theatre, Islington, as the Princess Claudia in ' The Red Lamp ' (q.v.). In 1893 she "created" at the Royalty the title 7'6les of 'Alexandra' (q.v.) and ' Clever Alice ' (q.v.), and at Terry's the lead- ing female part in W. H. Pollock's ' An Inter- lude,' in A. C. Doyle's ' Foreign Policy,' and in J. M. Barrie's ' Becky Sharp.' At the former theatre, also, she appeared as Ad- rienne Lecouvreur. In 1896 she was seen at the Avenue as Pita in ' Little Eyolf,' and in 1897 at the Olympic as Cleopatra. See Mrs. Daintree's Daughter. Acis and G-alatea. (1) A masque, by Peter Motteux (q.v.), founded on a story ACOLASTUS ACTING AS A PEOFESSIOX in Ovid's ' Metamorphoses,' bk. xiii. ; set to music by John Eccles, and performed at Drury Lane, with Mrs. "VViUis, jun., as Acis, and Mrs. Tenoeas Galatea ; also at Lincoln's Inn Fields. In this piece the lovers are made " happy at last by marriage." It was first printed in 1701. (2) A dancing enter- tainment at Drury Lane in 1728. (3) A "serenata," founded on the same story as that of Motteux's masque ; music by Handel, words by JOHN Gay (q.v.), with additions by Dryden, Pope, and Hughes ; composed at Cannons, probably in 1720, and performed there, probably, in 1721 ; first pei-formed in London at the Haymarket in 1732, in three acts, and with Miss" Arne as Galatea; revived at the Queen's Theatre, London, in Feb- ruary, 1831, with Mrs. Glover, Mrs. Humby, E. Seguin, T. Green, etc., in the cast ; at Drury Lane by Macready, on February 5, 1S42, Avith Miss P. Horton as Acis, Miss Romer as Galatea, H. Phillips as Polyphemus, and the scenery from designs by Stanfield ; at New York in 1842. with Mrs. Seguin ; at the Princess's Theatre, London, in August, 1869, with Vernon Bigby as Acis, Herr Formes as Polyphe- mus, and Miss Blanche Cole as Galatea; and at the Gaiety Theatre, Glasgow, in 1876, with G. Perren and Madame Rolt in the title parts, and Signor Foli as Poly- phemus. It was first printed in 1732. (4) A burlesque of ' Acis and Galatea,' by W. H. OxBERRY iqv.), was produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1842, three days after Alacready's production of the original. (5) A travesty by F. C. Burnand {q.v.), entitled 'Acis and Galatea; or. The Nimble Nymph and the Terrible Troglo- dyte,' was brought out at the Olympic The- atre, London, on April 6, 1863, with Miss Hughes as Galatea, and Miss Annie Kemp as Acis. (6) A burlesque, by T. F. Plowman, entitled ' Acis and Galatea ; or. The Beau ! ■ the Belle ! ! and the Blacksmith ! ! ! ' was produced at the Victoria Theatre, Oxford, in 1869. Acolastus. A " comedy " on the story of the Prodigal Son ; translated by John Palsgrave, for the use of children, from the Latin of Fullonius ; and printed in 1540, with the .statement that Fullonius had " set it forthe before the bourgeses of Hagen [the Hague] in Holand, anno MDXXix." Acorn. (1) The Acorns, in Raymond's 'Farmer's Daughter' {q.v.), include Farmer Acorn, his brother George, and his daughter Mary. (2) Jack Acorn figures in I\Irs. Su- sanna RowsoN's ' Columbia's Daughter ' (q.v.). Acoulina, A character in 'The Serf Acres, Bob, in Sheridan's ' Rivals ' (q.v.), is described by Hazlitt as "a distant descendant of Sir Andreiv Aguecheek" (q.v.). "Squire Acres," says a more recent critic, " is a country gentleman of limited intel- ligence, and incapable of acquiring, even by contagion, the curious system of referentia'l swearing by which he gives variety to his speech. But his indeterminate valour is sj aptly utilized, and his ultimate poltroon- ery in the duel scene is so whimsically deve- loped, that he would be a very hard-hearted critic indeed who could taunt Mr. Acres with his artistic shortcomings." Byron has recorded in ' Don Juan ' how " Through his palms Bob Acres' valour oozed." Acrobat (The). A drama in four acts, founded by Wilson Barrett (q.v.) on 'Le- Paillasse' of D'Ennery and Fournier, and first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on April 21, 1891, with the author as Belphcgor, Miss Winifred Emery as' Madeline, Cooper Cliffe as Lavarennes, and G. Barrett as Flip-Flap. See Belphegor. Across Her Path.. A play in four acts, by Annie Irish (q-v.), founded on Miss A. Sevan's novel of the same name, and first played at Terry's Theatre, London, on January 21, 1890, with the adapter as tho heroine. Across the Atlantic. See Home. Across the Continent. A drama, in prologue and three acts, by James M'Closkey (q.v.), played at the Alfred Theatre, London, in July, 1871 ; at Victoria Theatre in March, 1872. In America Miss Ada Rehan has played Agnes Constant in this drama. Act at Oxford (An) . See Hampstead- Heath. Act-drop (The). The name given to the curtain, usually painted in a more or less- artistic .style, which is " dropped " at the conclusion of each "act" of a play. In some theatres it is the custom to drop and draw a curtain from each side of the pro- scenium, and that is generally called a. " tableau curtain." Act8ea,in Halm's 'Son of the Wilder- ness' (q.v.), is the unother oi Parthenia (q.v.), Actaeon, the hunter changed by Diana into a stag, is the hero of R. Cox's ' Actseon- and Diana' (q-v.), and figures also in W. Brough'S 'Endymion' (q.v.). Actaeon and Diana. An interlude by Robert Cox, "with a pastoral story of the nymph Qilnone, followed by the several conceited humours of Bumpkin the hunts- man, Hohhinal the shepherd. Singing Simp- kin, and John Swahher the seaman," founded on a passage in the ' JMetamorphoses ' of Ovid, and described in the second edition (1656) as having been performed with ap- plause at the Red Bull. To this edition was added the character of Simpleton the smith. The interlude was reprinted in Kirkman's ' Wits ' (1673), and in Chetwood's ' Collection* (1750). Acting- as a Profession. The name of the first English professional actor is, it need scarcely be said, not known. Nor, one may add, is there any record of the- first professional performance in England. Dutton Cook observes that " acting^ as a distinct profession, seems to have been known in England at least as far back as ACTING AS A PROFESSION ACTING AS A PROFESSION the reign of Henry VI.," but everything depends upon what is understood by "act- ing." Another historian of the stage re- minds us that " the pagan Saxon era had its dialogue-actors or buffoons," and he goes on to relate that "when the period of Christianity succeeded, its professors and teachers took of the evil epoch what best suited their purposes." " In castle-hall, before farmhouse fires, on the bridges, and in the market-places, the men who best per- formed the united offices of missionary and actor were, at once, the most popular preachers and players of the day" (Doran). The alliance between "the Church and the Stage" is, indeed, as old as it has been intimate. The monks welcomed the wander- ing strollers, and, it is said, did not disdain to compose songs for them to sing. At last, the rapprochement became such that " actors and other vagabonds " were prohibited by royal decree from having access to the monasteries. Then, it would appear, the clergy began to vn-ite their own dramas and play in them themselves. (See M0R.4.LITIES and Mysteries.) The first official recogni- tion of the actor as a professional person was made, apparently, by the Duke of Glou- cester, who was afterwards to become so famous and so infamous as Richard III. The duke had players attached to his house- hold, and, when he had no need of their services, sent them, so to speak, "on tour" for their own benefit. Others of the nobility followed his example, and eventually actors in the pay of the aristocracy were allowed, by royal licence, to give performances wher- ever and whenever their employers per- mitted them. Of Henry VII. we read that he employed official "players of interludes," and Collier prints a document, dated Easter, 1494, in which the actors acknowledge the receipt of their pay for the half-year. By 1509 "acting had become an ordinary occu- pation," but "it seems not to have been considered by any means a respectable vo- cation." Henry VIII. followed for a time his father's example in maintaining players at court, and at one time rejoiced in "two companies, styled respectively the "king's players" and the "king's old players" (1514). But towards the end of his reign repressive measures began to be taken with regard to actors, and in 1543 the first act for the regu- lation of the stage was passed. In 1547 the king died, and it is recorded that the players then came into collision with the clergy, through announcing "a solempne play,""in evident opposition to " a solemn dirge " per- formed by the latter in honour of the de- ceased monarch. During the reign of Edward the law was often put in force against per- formers. In 1549 all plays were suppressed for a time, and again, in 1551, the players of the Marquis of Dorset were exhorted under penalties not to perfoi-m elsewhere than in their employer's presence. Five years later, under the auspices of Mary, all "players and pipers " were forbidden to " stroll,'"' on the ground that they were "disseminators of seditions and heresies " (Doran), the fact being that they were suspected of being in- fluenced by a desire to serve the Protestant cause. It was in this reign, too, that the authorities of London made a raid upon some actors who were appearing in ' A Sackf ull of News ' (q.v.). This was said to be " a lewd play," and the mayor was bidden to send his officers to the place, not only to arrest the comedians, but to " take their play- book from them." The actors were soon released, but only on condition that they "and all other players throughout the city" performed only "between All Saints and Shrovetide" and only such pieces as were approved by the Ordinary. In 1572 was passed the royal decree threatening to treat as " rogues and vagabonds" all those roving performers who, before setting up their stage, failed to secure the licence of " two justices of the peace at the least." This was apparently suggested by the large increase in the number of professional actors. Two years after, Elizabeth granted the first royal patent ever conceded to the profession — a patent empowering Lord Leicester's players to produce such works as they desired, *" as well," said her Majesty, "for the recreation of our loving subjects, as for our solace and pleasure when we shall think good to see them." The favour with which Elizabeth regarded the drama, and therefore the pro- fession of the actor, is familiar to every- body. But all her subjects were not so^ complaisant. The magistrates of London and Middlesex protested against the patent of 1574, and so persecuted the players as to lay, no doubt, the foundation of the enmity with which playwrights so long pursued the whole clan of justices and " city knights." In 15S1 the Cambridge authorities objected to the Earl of Oxford's actors performing at that town. Archbishop Bancroft is said to have been favourable to theatrical exhibitions, but the clergy gene- rally were certainly not of that mind. In 1579 Gosson had published his 'School of Abuse ' (q.v.)—" a pleasant invective against players and such-like caterpillars of a Com- monwealth," to which reference is made elsewhere in 'this volume. This was an assault indeed ; and it was followed in 1616 by one less historically notable, the author of which, Sutton, was preacher at St. Mary Overy's. A vigorous reply to this was made by the actor Nathaniel Field (q.v.). In truth, the actors were not wholly blameless, for they were con- stantly trying to evade the law, and bring-- ing down upon themselves its perfectly justifiable rigours. They would act at places and on days which they knew were forbidden, and they would perform pieces which they knew were proscribed —c.^t. in the case of Middleton's ' Game of Chess' (q.v.), which was held to be offen- sive to Spain, and was accordingly sup- pressed, the author being placed in durance vile. This was the more vexatious, as the comedy Avas then drawing £100 a day I During the reigns of James I. and Charles I., the theatrical licences were affected very much by the fluctuations of the plague, the actors not being allowed to play in London ACTING AS A PROFESSION 10 ACTING AS A PROFESSION till the deaths had decreased to thirty per | Aveek. Thus it is recorded of the year 1625 that the "common players" were then allowed to come to court, because " the plagae is reduced to six." In 1631 the churchwardens and others of Blackfriars petitioned against the performances given by the players in that place, and were told in reply that the queen (Henrietta Maria) was " well affected " towards plays. It was, however, enacted that there should be only two houses in the city, and that each com- pany should play not more than twice a week, •' forbearing to play on the Sabbath Day, in Lent, and in times of infection." This measure was followed, in 1633, by the second great published attack on the profession— namely, Prynne's 'Histrio-Mastix' (g.r.), in ■which it was indignantly recorded that there were no fewer than five " devil's chapels" in London. The players, however, had the Court on their side, and so all went tolerably well with them till 1647-S, when, the Puritans being uppermost, the English stage was for the time suppressed, its votaries being described as no better than heathens, and intolerable to Christians. Many of the actors, we read, took service with" the king ; others clung to their calling, and gave surreptitious performances, in face of the new law to the contrary, some of these representations taking place in the houses of wealthy lovers of the drama. ]Many efforts were 'made to obtain the revo- cation of the hostile decree, but without effect. At length there was an end to the Commonwealth ; Monk made his entry into London on behalf of the second Charles, and he was at once besought to give his countenance to the actors. He did so readily ; and not many hours passed before the drama was again to be witnessed in one or more of its old strongholds. From this point onward the path o"f "the profession" was fairly smooth. In 1663 Charles granted patents to Killigrew and Davenant, and English actors became once more recog- nized and protected members of society. True, they still had their enemies. The authorities of London remained as bitter as ever against them, and we read that in 1700 the loi'd mayor and aldermen issued an order, forbidding any playhouse bill to be set up -within the precincts of the city, and declaring the theatres a public nuisance. Twenty years after, Dennis was found taunt- ing the players of the day with being " rogues and Vagabonds ; " and certainly the rule of the lord chamberlain was some- what arbitrary. The number of patent theatres in London continued to be strictly limited up to ISiS, when free trade in the drama was proclaimed, and when naturally the personnel of the profession largely increased. In Scotland, the history of the player was marked by very similar vicissitudes. Thus, in 1574, the General Assembly prohibited all plays founded on Scripture, and in 1597 the Kirk Session of Edinburgh fulminated against both players and their patrons. ISIuch later— in 1715 — the Presbyterian ministers preached against the theatre at HoljTood, threatening to withhold from its frequenters the means of obtaining the sacrament ; in 1726, Antony Aston's theatrical company, arriving in Edinburgh, met with a like reception from the local clergy ; whilst in 1756, when the Rev. John Hom'e {q.v.) produced his tragedy of 'Douglas' iq.v.), the Presbyteries of Edinburgh and Glasgow " excommunicated," not only him, but everybody connected with the performance ! Nevertheless, with all this, actors in Scotland could, it seems, always depend upon an audience, and they were never at any time so fiercely persecuted as players in England were by the Puritans. The annals of acting in Ireland do not begin till the reign of Elizabeth, during which, it is recorded, plays were performed at Hoggin Green, Dublin, before the Lord Lieutenant. The first Dublin theatre, due to the enter- prise of John Ogilby, dates from 1635. During the civil war, the st^age languished in Ireland as in England, being resuscitated in both countries about the same time. The Smock Alley Theatre was opened in 1662, also under the auspices of Ogilby. The beginnings of the profession in America would seem to date from 1733, when, apparently, theatrical per- formances of some sort were given in New York. In 1749 there was a company of players at Philadelphia, and in 1750 it made its "appearance in New York, afterwards going to Williamsburg, Virginia. There had previously been several dramatic seasons in Jamaica, Avhere ^Nloody, the Irish comedian, played about 1745, re'turning by-and-by to England, and sending thence a regular troupe, which performed in the island in 1751. In 1752 an English company, exploited by William, and headed by Lewis, Hallam, appeared at Williamsburg, and this is the first combination of which we possess many particulars. The troupe numbered twelve, each of whom.had one share (out of eighteen shares) in the* profits, save Le^-is, who had two shares, one as actor and one as mana- ger. The advent of the company had been preceded in 1750 by a declaration of the au- thorities of Massachusetts against the acting of stage plays, and it was followed in 1774 by the closing of the theatres in Philadelphia, in accordance with a decree of Congress. In 1793 the Massachusetts order was repealed. In America, as in the United Kingdom, the early years of the drama were charac- terized" by much struggling between actors and the law, the latter, when inimical to the players, being as far as possible defied or evaded. At the present moment the British player has no impediment placed in his way, the closing of London theatres on Ash Wednesday, which used to obtain, having been abolished in lSs5. For some further details bearing generally on the subject, see Actors ; Actresses ; Salaries ; Theatres ; etc. See, also, the histories of the English stage by Chetwood, CoUier, Dibdin, Doran, Genest,"etc.; of the Scottish, by Jamieson ; of the Irish, by Hitchcock ; and of the American, by Dunlap, Ireland, Blake, Brown, Clapp, Phelps, etc. ; as well as the works of James Boaden, Colley Gibber, ACTING ACTOR Duttoii Cook, Thomas Davies, W. Donaldson, Michael Kelly, J. O'Keefe, etc., and the biographies of actors generally. Acting-, The Art of. See Art of ACTI.NG. "Action to the word, Suit the."— Hamlet's advice to the players, act iii. so. 2, Actor (The). (1) ' A treatise on the Art of Playing, interspersed with theatrical anecdotes, critical remarks on plays, and occasional observations on audiences ; ' adapted from 'Le Com^dien' of Remond ACTOR ACTRESS OF ALL WORK costumes worn, and "business" adopted, in certain cases. Finally, he declares that the true aim of acting is " To purge the passions and reform the mind, To give to nature all the force of art, And while it charms the ear to mend the heart." We are not to judge of the theatre by its least creditable characteristics. "Tho' oft debas'd with scenes profane and loose, No reason weighs against its proper use." The poem then concludes with a contrast between the contemporary honour and ap- plause accorded to the actor, and the neces- sarily fleeting nature of his reputation. See the Theatre magazine for September, 1879. (4) A 'Guide to the Stage; simplifying the Whole Art of Acting ; in which the Dramatic Passions are defined, analyzed, and made easy of acquirement ; the whole interspersed with Select and Striking Ex- amples from the Most Popular Slodern Pieces ; ' publi-shed in 1821, and described in the preface as mainly " a re -arrangement of Mr. Aaron Hill's celebrated Essay upon the Ilistrionic Art, the positions of that able writer being merely brought forward, and enforced by modern examples." For a de- scription of Hill's essay, see Art of Acting. Actor (The). A play by T. E. Pemberton {q.v.), first performed at Birmingham in May, 1886, with E. Compton and his wife in the chief parts ; since reconstructed by the author and E. Compton, and re-christened ' Step-Brothers' (1S91). "Actor leaves the stag-e, After a •well-graced."—' Richard II.,' act v. sc. 2 {Duke of York). Actor of All Work (The) ; or, First and. Second Floor. A comedietta in one act, by George Colman {q.v.), founded on a French piece, and first performed at the Haymarket, on August 13, 1817, with Charles Mathews {q.v.) as Midtij^le (q.v.), and Connor as Velinspeck ; produced at New York in 1822, with Mathews in his original part. Multiple, an actor, has been refused an engagement by Velinspeck, a manager, on the ground of his incompe- tency ; so the former sets to work to appear before the latter in a variety of characters, including a prompter, a French tragedian, an apprentice, a Scotch pawn- bi'oker, his wife, and a fat coachman. He eventually discovers himself, and Velinspeck admits his competency. The manager occu- pies a first and the actor a second floor, both floors being represented on the stage, as in ' Above and Below ' {q.v.). See Actress of All Work ; Cozening ; Twelve Pre- cisely. Actor's Budg-et,The: " consisting of monologues, prologues, epilogues, and tales, serious and comic, togetlier with a rare collection of theatrical anecdotes and comic songs ;" written by W. OXBERRY {q.v.), and printed in 1820. It had been preceded in 1809 by a similar work from the same pen, entitled ' The Theatrical Banquet ; or, The Actor's Budget.' Actor's Daug-hter (An). A play by Mary Hamilton, first performed at St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A., in 1887. Actor's Retreat (The). An extrava- ganza in one act, by W. Brough {q.v.y and A. Halliday {q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on AugTi.st 11, 1864, with a cast including J, L. Toole, Paul Bedford, 11. Romer, and Mrs. Alfred Mellon (Miss Woolgar). Actor's Wife (The). A domestic drama in four acts, adapted by Edmund Leathes from his novel of the same name, and first performed at the St. James's Theatre, Manchester, on October 24, 1884. Actors are mentioned by Shakespeare in ' Coriolanus,' act v. sc. 3 ; ' Julius Csesar,*" act ii. sc. 1 ; ' Hamlet,' act ii. sc. 2 ; ' Richard II.,' act V. sc. 2 ; etc. See Acting as a Pro- fession. Actors, An Apolog-y for. See Apology for Actors, An. Actors, The Old, and The Relig-ion of Actors. Essays by Charles Lamb {q.v.). See his ' Essays of Elia.' Actors al Fresco. A musical piece composed by J. Blewitt, T. Cooke, and C. E. Horn, and produced in 1823. Actors by Daylig-ht, or Pencil- lings in the Pit. A weekly illustrated miscellany, published in 1838-9, and con- taining memoirs of performers, etc. Actors by Gaslig-ht, or "Boz" in the Boxes. An illustrated periodical, published weekly in 1838. Actors by Lamplig-ht. See Behind* the Scenes. Actors' Remonstrance or Com- plaint (The), " for the silencing of their profession, and banishment from their several playhouses, in which is fully set down their grievances for their restraint ; " "as it was presented in the names and behalfs of all our London comedians . . . and published by their command " in 1643. This tract was reprinted in vol. vi. of ' The British Stage ' (1822), the Roxburghe- Library (1869), Ashbee's ' Facsimile Re- prints ' (1869), and Hindley's ' Old Book Collector's iliscellany ' (1873). Actress by Daylig-ht (An). An adaptation of Fournier's ' Tiridate, oit Comedie et Tragedie,' first performed at the- St. James's Theatre, London, in April, 1871, with Mrs. John Wood as Anne Bracegirdle,. Miss F. Brough as Dolly, W. Farren as. John Burgess, and F. Mervin as Justinian Burgess ; played in New York in 1868. See- Art ; Comedy and Tragedy ; Nance Old- field ; Tragedy Queen. Actress, Life of an. See Life op AN Actress. Actress of All Work (The) ; or. My Coimtry Cousin. A comic sketch in one act, by W. Oxberry (a.v.), first per- ACTRESS OF PADUA ACTRESSES (formed at the Strand Theatre, London, in 1819, with Mrs. Edwin in the title part (Maria), which was afterwards played by Mrs. Davison, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Tay- leure, Miss Booth, IMiss Clara Fisher, Miss iBrunton, etc. Widdicomb was the original Frederick. The piece (which was produced at New York in 1820) is on similar lines to those of 'The Actor of All Work' (g.v.). Maria, a country actress, is in love with Frederick, son of a manager who refuses to engage her until (like Multiple) she gives him proof of her ability by assuming several •diverse characters, e.g. a country gawky, a London actress, a deaf old lady, a literary fop, and an opera-singer. Actress of Padua (The). A play, adapted by John Brougham {q.v.)irom the ' Angelo ' of Victor Hugo, and performed at New York in May, 1852, with Miss Charlotte Cushman in the title part (Tisbe) ; produced in London, at the Haymarket, in May, 1855, with Miss Cushman, Howe (as Angelo), ^y. Farren (as Rodolfo), and Miss Reynolds (as •Catarina); also at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, in November, 1873, with Miss Genevieve AVard as Tishe ; revived at Daly's Broad- way, New York, in same year and month. See Angelo. Actress of the Present Day ^The). An anonymous novel, published in 1817, "in Avhich the villainy of hypocrisy is justly exposed, and held up to public detestation, while the virtuous mind, har- assed by the snares of temptation and insult, finally triumphs over every artifice of calumny and slander, and arrives at dignity and honour." Actresses first appeared on the English stage in 1629, when a troupe of French players, male and female, relying, no doubt, upon the patronage of their countrywoman. Queen Henrietta Maria, essayed to give performances at Blackfriars. Up to this time the feminine parts in the native drama had been enacted invariably by boys or youths, trained to the profession by the older actors, who were allowed to take them as apprentices, and were paid for tlie services they rendered. Thus the em- ployment of women was a striking inno- vation, and it is not surprising that it was resented by the playgoers of the day. According to a letter addressed to Laud, then Bishop of London, by one Thomas Brande, the public were indignant. The French actresses were " hissed, hooted, and pippin-pelted from the stage," so that the ■wi'iter "did not think they would soon be ready to try the same again." As a matter of fact, they reappeared a few weeks after at the Fortune and Red Bull theatres, but Jiot successfully. They were, indeed, so far .from being popular that the Master of the Revels, "in respect of their ill luck," re- turned them a portion of the fees which they had had to pay for their licence. Three years later, in 1632, Lady Strangelove, in Brome's comedy, ' The Court Beggar ' iq.v.), was made to say : "The boy's a pretty actor, and his mother can play her part : women-actors now grow in request." But it is not clear to what actresses the allusion refers. In 1633 Prynne brought out his • Histrio-Mastix ' (q.v.), in which he stigma- tized all "women-actors" as "monsters," and applied to their performances such adjectives as " impudent," " shameful," and " un womanish." In 1656 Davenant's ' Siege of Rhodes' (q.v.) was acted, at Rutland House, before a paying audience, with a cast which included Mrs. Coleman as lanthe, and to that lady, therefore, must be accorded the honour of having been the first English professional actress. On December 8, 1660, Killigrew gave, at the theatre in Vere Street, a representation of ' Othello,' in which the role of Depsdemona was per- formed by a woman. The occasion was signalized by a prologue from the pen of Thomas Jordan {q.v.), in which attention was drawn to the special attraction :— " I come, unknown to any of the rest. To tell the news ; I saw the lady drest — The woman plays to-day ; mistake me not, No man in gown or page in petticoat." Some of the inconveniences of having men- actresses were amusingly glanced at :— " Our women are defective, and so sized You'd think they were some of the guard discuised; For, to speak truth, men act, that are between Forty and fifty, wenches of fifteen ; With bone so large and nerve so incompliant. When )ou call Desdemona, enter giant." The name of the actress who played Desde- mona is not known. Killigrew's principal lady at this time was Ann Marshall (q.v.), and the role would naturally fall to her ; but there is no record of her having appeared as the heroine of Othello, and it is more likely that the part was taken in this instance by Margaret Hughes {q.v.), who was the seconda donna of the company. Pepys, it would appear, Avas not present at the performance, for, writing about ' The Beggar's Bush' (q.v.) which he saw at the same theatre on January 3, 1661, he de- scribes that as "the first time that ever he saw women come upon the stage." In the same month he witnessed Kynaston's impersonation of a female in 'The Silent Woman' — the fact being that women did not at once banish men-actresses from the stage. Then, in June, 1661, came a per- foriiiance of 'The Siege of Rhodes' at Davenant's theatre, with Mrs. Davenport as Roxalana and Mrs. Saunderson CBetter- ton) as lanthe. By this time the prejudice against " women-actors " had abated. Nay, playgoers, it would seem, had begun to take as much objection to " boy-actresses " as they formerly did to "women-actors ;" and so 'it came to pass that when, in 1662, Killigrew and Davenant received a renewal of the letters patent granted to them in 1660, the documents included permission to place female parts in the hands of women. In 1664 Killigrew carried the con- cession to an extreme, for we read that, in that year, he produced his comedy, 'The Parson's Wedding' {q.v.), with women in ACTRESSES, TITLED ADAM BEDE all the parts. This.Pepys was " told," took place "at the KinMiss Edith Jordan, etc., in other parts ; afterwards played in the EngHsh provinces and in London (April, 1SS6), with W. Ttignold as Adam and Miss Sophie Fane as Heity. Adam Buff; or, The Man -witlioxit a Shirt. A farce in one act, by E. L. Elan- CHARD (g.v.), founded on a story by Douglas Jerrold, and first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on March 4, 1850, with Widdicomb in the title part. Among the characters axQ Dick Dulcimer, Louisa Laven- der, Mrs. Scriihwell, Mr. Socrates Shortsiglit, Miss Deborah Shortsiglit. Adamant, Abel. A character in G. Almar's 'Seven Sisters' {q.v.). AdamlessEden(An). A"comicopera di camera," words by H. Savile Clarke iq-v.), music by Walter Slaughter, first per- formed at the Opera Comique, London, on December 13, 1SS2, with Miss Emily Cross as the Duchess of Breeks, Miss Cicely Richards as Lady Mantrap, etc. ; produced in New York in November, 1884, Adams, Ed'win. American actor, born 1834, died 1877 ; made his ddbut at Boston, U.S.A., in 1853, and his last appearance at San Francisco in May, 187G. He created, among other parts, that of Enoch Arden in the play of that name(^. r.), and was also the original in America of Robert Landry in 'The Dead Heart,' and of Ivan Khorvitch in ' The Serf.' He was for some time " leading man " at Booth's Theatre, New York, and his repertory included all the chief roles in tragedy. Jefferson writes : "The animation of his face, the grace of his person, and, above all, the melody of his voice, well fitted him for the stage. While he could not fairly be called a great artist, he was something often more highly prized— a born actor, a child of nature if not of art, swayed by warm impulse rather than by premeditation. His Enoch Arden, so far as the character is related to the stage, was a creation entirely his own, and one, too, that touched the sympathies of his audience " (' Autobio- graphy,' 1889-90). — Mrs. Edwin Adams (daughter of William Whitlock) was an ac- tress and a danseuse. Adams, G-eorg-e. Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge (circa 1729-35) ; author of ' The Heathen" Martyr ; or, The Death of Socrates,' a tragedy (1746) ; translator of the ' Ajax,' ' Electra,' 'CEdipus Tyraniius,' * Antigone,' ' QEdipus Coloneus,' ' Trachmire,' and ' Philoctetes ' of Sophocles (1729). Adams, Isabel. See CliftOxN, Mrs. Ernest, Adams, Jack. A character in A Beckett and Lemon's ' Peter Wiikins ' (q.v.). Adams, John Jay. American actor ; played Hamlet in New York in 1822. Adamson, John. Translator (from the Portuguese) of ' Dona Inez de Castro,' a tragedy (ISOS). Adcock. Actor ; a member of Lewis Hallam's first American company. See Hallam, Lewis. Addams, Aug-ustus A. American actor, died 1851 ; Included in his repertory such parts as Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, Drutus, Pierre, The Stranger, Virginius, Damon, and Canenchet, in ' Miantoninoh ' (q.v.). "From what is known to us of Augustus Addams, he must have been," says Lawrence Barrett, "an actor of un- common force. He was the idol of his audiences, and held an equal place with Forrest [q.v.] for a time in the estimation of playgoers." See Ireland's 'New York Stage " (1867). Addams, Mrs. Aug-tistus. Porter, Mrs. J. G. See Addel, Sir Arthur. A character in Caryl's 'Sir Solomcn' (q.v.), originally re- presented by Nokes (q.v.). It is recorded that, in dressing for the part, Nokes Avas assisted by the Duke of :Monmouth, who, in order that the actor might the better imitate the French fashion of the day, took off his own sword and belt, and buckled them to Nokes's side. "Mr. Nokes," says DoAvnes, "lookt more like a drest up ape than a Sir Arthur: which upon his first entrance on the stage put the king and court to an excessive laughter ; at which the French look'd very shaggTin, to see them- selves ap'd by such a buffoon as Sir Arthur " (' Roscius Anglicanus '). Addie, Mrs. (Fanny Hamilton). Ac- tres.-;, born 1816, died July 4, 1875 ; ap- peared at the Olympic Theatre, London, in 1841, and was engaged also at the Princess's and the Adelphi, Adding-ton, Sir William. Chief ma- gistrate at Bow Street ; died ISll ; author of ' The Prince of Agi-a,' a tragedy (1774). Addison, Carlotta. Actress, born at Liverpool in July, 1850 ; daughter of E. P. Addison (q.v.) ; gained her early experience in her birthplace, and made her debut in London, at St. James's Theatre, in October, 1866, as Lady Touchwood in 'The Belle's Stratagem.' She has " created " the folloAV- ing parts: Adina in Gilbert's 'Dulcamara,' Jessie Bell in Halliday's ' Daddy Gray,' Mrs. Waverham in Yates's ' Tame Cats,' Bella in Robertson's ' School,' Faith Deybrooke in Robertson's ' :M.P.,' Fanny Smith in Byron's ' Partners for Life,' Ruth in Byron's ' Fine Feathers,' Ethel Grainger in Byron's ' Married in Haste,' Mrs. Redruth in Albery's ' Forgiven,' Peep in Albery's ' Oriana,' Victoria Coote in Albery's ' Wig and Gown,' Mrs. Wagstaffe in 'Committed for Trial,' Mabel Ransome'in Hay's ' Mabel,' Cou7itess cl' Av7'anches in i3arrymore's ' Honour,' Mazeppa in Boucicault's ' Mimi,' Aiint Janet in D. G. Boucicault's 'My Little Girl,' Lady Dolly in Hamilton's ' ^Moths,' Mrs. Melton in Sturgis's ' Picking up the Pieces,' Lady Dexter in Thomas and Stephenson's ' Comrades,' Miss Macleod in ADDISON ADDISON Hamilton's ' Harvest,' Madame 3[orozoff in Ambient and Lynwood's 'Christina,' Lady Bellamy in Chambers and Little's ' Devil Caresfoot,' Padh Rolt in Pinero's 'Sweet Lavender,' Margaret in 'Dream Faces,' Miss Brent in Pinero's ' Lady Bountiful,' Mrs. u?-/7 cannot marry Adelaide, because 'his emperor's frown' has j forbidden his marriage with the daughter I of an emigrant nobleman ; and so, to avoid ! this imperial frown, he betrays her into a pretended marriage, and thus intends to divide his time between war and a mistress. : Hence aU the distresses and mischiefs which } ensue." 'Adelaide ' was printed in 1816, but j without the epilogue (spoken by Mathews : as Sir Fretful Plagiary). It was produced I at New York in 1S19. (4) A dramatic frag- ; ment, adapted by W. Poel from the German of Dr. Hugo Miller, and performed at the 1 Vaudeville Theatre, London, on the after- noon of July 5, 1887. It deals with an incident in the life of Beethoven. Adelaide of "Wulfing-en. An unacted tragedy in four acts, adapted from the German of Kotzebue by B. Thompson iq.v.), and printed in 1798. The heroine, unknowingly, commits incest, and in a fit of frenzy kills her two sons. Adelbert of Warsaw. A play pro- duced at New York in 1819. Adelg-itha ; or, The Fruits of a Sing-le Error. A tragedy in five acts, written by M. G. Lewis (q.v.), with inci- dental music by Kelly ; first performed at Drury Lane on April 30, 1807, with Mrs. Powell as the heroine, EUiston as Lothair, Raymond as Michael Ducas, H. Siddons as Robert Guiscard, and Mrs. H. Siddons as Imma. Adelgitha is the wife of Guiscard, but, when very young, had been seduced by George of Clermont. Lothair is her unacknowledged son by George. In the absence of Guiscard, Ducas makes love to her. He possesses her letters to George, and threatens exposure. Ultimately he is stabbed by Adelgitha, who, though forgiven by Guiscard, kills herself. Imma is beloved by Lothair. 'Adelgitha' was played in Ame- rica, for the first time, in 1808. It was fre- quently revived : notably at Covent Garden in 1819, with Miss Somerville as Adelgitha, C. Kemble as Lothair, Macready as Duccyr, and Young as Guiscard ; at Drury Lane in 1823, with Kean as Lothair and Cooper as Ducas; at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in March, 1827, with Mrs. J. R. Duff as Adelgitha, Charles Young as Guiscard, Blake as Lothair, and G. Barrett as Ducas ; at Drury Lane in April, 1828, with John Cooper as Guiscard, Wallack as Ducas, and Miss Foote as Imma. Guiscard, Lothair, and Ducas were all among J. R. Duff's parts. Adelinda. A play by Hannah Brani> (q.v.), printed in 1798. It was adapted fi-om the ' Force du Naturel ' of Destouches. See Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832). Adeline. A melodrama in three acts, adapted fi-om the French by Howard Payne (q.v.), and first performed at Drury Lane on February 9, 1822, with Miss Copeland as the heroine, INIiss Smithson as Countess Wilhelm, S. Penley as Coimt Wilhelm, and Cooper as Dorlin. The Count, under the guise of an artist, has seduced Adeline, daughter of Dorlin, a blind old soldier ; and Adeline, when she finds the Count is married, throws herself into a river, and ultimately dies on the stage. The play was performed at New York in INIay, 1822, with Miss Johnson in the title part and Mrs. Battersby as the Countess. Adelle. 'The New York Saleslady,' in the play of that name (q.v.). Adelmann. Mayor of the palace, in Tom Taylor's ' Wittikind an ' his Brothers' (q.v.). ^ ADELMORN 18 ADRIAX AND ORRILA Adelmorn; or The Outlaw. A drama, ^v-ith songs, in three acts, by M. G. Lewis ■[q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane, May 4, isoi, with C. Kemble as the hero, Raymond as Count Ulric, Bannister, jun.,as Lodoivick, Suett as Hujo, and Mrs. Jordan as Innogen. Adelmorn is suspected of having killed his uncle, is arrested, escapes, and is outlawed. Lodou'ick discovers that the crime has really been committed by Ulric, and de- nounces him. The ghost of the uncle appears, and Ulric confesses his guilt. Iltifjo is a minstrel and " a good comic character.' Reduced to two acts, ' Adelmorn ' was revived at Di-ury Lane in 1802, and was performed at New York in the same year. Adelphi ; or, The Brothers. A comedy hv Terence (B.C. 160) ; translated into English by Bernard (1598), Hoole (1663), Echard and others (1694), Bentley (1726), Cooke (1734), Patrick (1745), Gordon (1752), the elder Colman (1765), Cotter (1824), Riley (1848), Giles (1856), Parry (1857), Davies (1869), :Mongan (1S&1\ Burnett and Haydon (1887), and Hawkins (1891). Adelphi Theatre- See London Theatres. "Adieu; farewell earth's bliss." First line of a song in Nash's ' Summer's Xast Will and Testament' (q.v.)— ' This world uncertain is ! Fond are life's lustful joys ; Death proves them all but toys." Adina; or, The Elixir of Love. A.n English version of Donizetti's opera, ' L'Elisir d'Amore,' first played at the Court Theatre, Liverpool, on February 24, 1892. The heroine of this work is the heroine also of Reynoldson's adaptation of 'L'Elisir d'Amore ' (q.v.), and of \V. S. Gilbert's bur- lesque, 'Dr. Dulcamara' (q.v.). Aditha. A tiring- woman in Talfourd's burlesque, ' Godiva' (q.v.). Admetus. King of Thessaly, in Spicer's 'Alcestis' (q.v.), and in Tal- fourd's burlesque of that name (q.v.). Admirable Crichton (The). (1) A tragedy by G. Galloway, printed in 1802. (2) A play, first performed at Drury Lane on June 12, 1820, with Kean as the" hero, a character in which he gave imitations ■of celebrated actors and exhibitions of singing, dancing, and fencing, etc. He was supported by Mrs. Robinson, Oxberry, Holland, and Penley. (3) An adaptation of Harrison Ainsworth's story, ' Cri^chton ' (1837), performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London. (4) A "fantasy" in four acts, by J. M. Barrie, Duke of York's Theatre, London, November 4, 1902, with H. B. Irving in the title-part, and other roles by Miss Irene Vanbrugh, Miss Sybil Carlisle, H. Kemble, etc. Adolphe. The page in 'Falsacappa' (q.v.). Adolphine. A character in MON- crieff's ' Monsieur Tonson' (qv.). Adolphus, John. Author of ' Memoirs of John Bannister, Comedian' (1839). Adolphus and Clara ; or, The T Two Prisoners. A comedy in one act, ■ translated by Eleanor H from the French of J. B. Marsollier, and printed in the Lady's Magazine for 1804. "This," says the ' Bio- graphia Dramatica' (1812), "is a translation from the drama from which Mr. Kenney took his opera of ' Matrimony ' [q.v.]." Adonis. The central character in the following pieces :—(l) 'Adonis:' a burlesque, produced at the Bijou Theatre, New York, on September 3, 1884, with H. E. Dixey in the title part ; first performed in London at the Gaiety Theatre on May 31, 1886, vnth Dixey in his original role. (2) ' Adonis II. :' an extravaganza produced at New York on November 28, 1892, with H. E. Dixey in the principal role — that of a statue of Adonis, .supposed to be vivified. — Adords also figures in C. DiBDiN's 'Poor Vulcan ; or, Gods upon Earth' (q.v.), Blanche and Dance's 'Pa- phian Bower' (7.1'.), and in F. C. Burnand's ' Venus and Adonis ' (q.v.). Adonis Vanquished. A comedy in two acts, adapted from 'Le Dt^gel' by Vin- cent Amcotts (q.v.). See Rapid Thaw, A. Adopted Child (The). A musical piece, words by Samuel Birch (q.v.), music by Thomas Attwood (g.i!.); first performed at Drury Lane on INlay 1, 1795, with Ban- nister, jun., as Michael, Suett as Record, and Trueman as Sir Bertrand. The adopted child of Michael, a ferryman, claims, on the strength of certain papers, to be the heir of the estates, held by Sir Bertrand, of which Record is the steward. The piece was pro- duced at New York in 1796, with Jefiierson as Michael. Adoption. A 'matrimonial mixture,' by Richard Henry (q.v.), first performed at Toole's Theatre, London, on ]\Lay 26, 1890, with Miss Cicely Richards and Miss M', Illington in the cast. Adoration of the Shepherds (The)J The subject of plays in the Chester, Coventry ' and Widkirk series. For analysis and quo' tations, see Collier's 'Dramatic Poetry \ (miracle-plays). Adrasta; or, The "Woman's Spleerj and Love's Conquest. A tragi-comed:' by John Jones, founded on Boccaccio'.i ' Decameron,' viii. 8 ; unacted, but publishec in 1635. Adrastus. King of Argos, in Talfourd'; • Ion' (q.v.). Adrian andOrrila; or, A Mother': Vengeance. A play in five acts, by W Dimond (q.v.), first performed at Coven; Garden on November 15, 1806, with C. Kembl and Miss Brunton in the title parts, Mis; SmitiJ H5S Matilda (Mdme. Clermont), Cook as PriiiCc of Altenburg, and Munden a Cnnnt of Rc$eiiheim. Altenburg has seduce Matilda and refused to marry her. Shf ADRIAN IN SYRIA ADVENTURES OF A NIGHT in revenge, steals his legitimate son Adrian, and passes him off as her own. By-and- by Altcnburg, Adrian's mother being dead, is about to wed Orrila, daughter of Rosen- heim; but Orrila and Adrian are in love, and, Matilda confessing all to Altenburg, the youth is released and marries Orrila, Altenburg promising to wed Matilda. The play included songs by Kelly. It was pro- duced in New York in December, 1S07, and was revived at the Bowery, there, in January, 1827, with Mrs. J. R. Duff as Matilda, Bernard as Adrian, J. R. Duff as Prince of Altenburg, and Mrs. G. Barrett as Orrila. Duff and his wife also played the title parts in America. Adrian in Syria. An opera, trans- lated from Metastasio by John Hoole (g.u.), and printed in 1800. Adriana. Wife to Antipholus of Ephesus, in 'The Comedy of Errors ' (g.u.). Adrienne. Daughter of Madeline, in Burnand's 'Proof (q.v.). Adrienne ; or, The Secret of a Life. A drama by H. Leslie {q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on November 12, 1860, with Mdme. Celeste as the heroine {Adrienne de Beaiqyre), H. G. Neville as Victor Savignie, G. Vining as Engine de Grassac, Mrs. Keeley as Gisnetta Scarotta, and J. Johnstone and J. Rouse in other parts. Adrienne's "secret " is her sup- position—unfounded, as it turns out— that her mother was not her father's wife. Adrienne Lecouvreur. A famous French actress (born 1690, died 17G0), upon a feigned incident in whose life MM. Scribe and Legouve founded the drama produced at the Thefitre Frangais on April 14, 1849, with Rachel in the title role and Regnier as Michonnet. The part of Adrienne became a great favourite with Rachel, and was the last in which she appeared on the stage (at Charleston, U.S.A., December 17, 1S56). There have been several versions of the play. (1) One, Avritten by JOHN OxENFORD, and entitled 'The Reigning Favourite' {q.v.), was produced in 1849. (2) In 1853 Miss F. Davenport appeared in New York in an adaptation by herself, called 'Adrienne the Actress,' playing the title rule, and supported by Davidge as Michonnet. In 1858 Mdme. Ristori produced in London an Italian arrangement of the drama. In 1862 Miss Avonia Jones {q.v.) appeared at the Adelphi as Adrienne, with Mrs. Billington as the Princess de Bouillon, J. Billington as Maurice de Saze, J. L. Toole as Michonnet, and D. Fisher as the Abbi. (3) Miss Helen Faucit appeared as Adrienne at Manchester, for a week, in an adaptation made by her husband. Sir (then ^Ir.) Theodore Martin. This version has lately (1892) been used, by permission, by a com.pany headed by W. Farren, junior. Mdme. Bernhardt represented Adrienne (in French) at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in May, 1880, supported by Mdlle. Devoyod, and MM. Train, Chameroy, Dieudonne, and Talbot. (4) In December of the same year aidme. INIodjeska— who had already played the rdle in America in 1S77— appeared as Adrienne (in a version by Henry Herman) at the Court Theatre, London, with Miss Amy Roselle as the Princesse de Bouillon, Miss Winifred Emery as the Duchess d'Aumont, Forbes Robertson as Maurice de Saxe. J. D. Beveridge as the Prince de Bouillon, Lin Rayne as the Abbi, and G. W. Anson as Michonnet. The same version was used when, in December, 1882, Miss Marie de Grey played Adrienne at the Olympic, with F. H. INIacklin as Saxe, F. Terry as the Abbe, and Miss H. Cresswell as the Princess; and when, in April, 1SS3, IMiss Wallis {q.v.) represented Adrienne at a matinee at the Gaiety, London. The part has also been played in England by Miss Achurch {q.v.) (at the Royalty, London, 1893), Miss Lingard (q.v.), Miss AUeyn {q.v.), etc. Adrienne the Actress. SeeAcRiENNE Lecouvrelr. Adventurers (The). (I) An anony- mious two-act piece, printed in 1777. (2) A farce in two acts, by E. Morri.s, first per- formed at Drury Lane on INIarch 18, 1790, with R. Palmer as Shift {Lord Gleanwell), Whitfield as Mar-all {Metaphor), Suett as Sir Peregrine Bramble, and Bannister, jun., as Peregrine Bramble. Shift and Mar-all are the adventurers under assumed names. (3) A comedy in three acts, by E. Rose {q.v.), founded on Awgier's 'L'Aventnriere,' and first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on the afternoon of June 24, 1892, with IMiss C. Ivanova and C. W. Somerset in the title parts, and A. Elwood and H. Eversfield in other rdles. Adventures in Madrid. A comedy in three acts, by Mrs. Pix (7. r)., produced at the Haymarket, London, probably in 1706, with Booth as Gaylove, Husband as Bellmour, Freeman as Don Gomez, Mrs. Bicknell as Lisset, Mrs. Bracegirdle as Laura, and INIrs. Barry as Clarinda. Adventures of a Billet-Doux (The). An adaptation, by Charles Jajmes Mathews {q.v.), of Sardou's 'Pattes de Mouche,' first performed at Drury Lane on November 19, 1860, with the adapter and Mrs. Mathews as Major Blunt and Catherine Bright, IMrs. F. Matthews as Mrs. Wagstaff, and H. J. JMon- tagu and Miss Fanny Josephs in other parts. It has also been played under the title of 'Adventures of a Love-Letter.' See Scrap OF Paper. Adventures of a Love-Iietter. See Adventures of a Billet-Doux. Adventures of a Nigrht (The). (1) A farce by W. Hodson, first performed at Drury Lane on March 24, 1783, with Parsons as Morecraft, Palmer as Hastings, Bannister, jun., SiS Sprightly, Baddeley as Diaper, and Barrymore as Fairlove. " The bulk " of the piece, says Genest, "is taken from 'The Coffee-House Politician'" {q.v.). (2) A comedy in three acts, founded by Meyrick Milton upon the original of Tuke's ' Ad- ventures of Five Hours ' {q.v.) and first per- formed at the Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh, ADVENTURES OF A VENTRILOQUIST 20 yEROSTATION June 19, 1893 ; performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on the afternoon of July 21, 1893, by the author, W. H. Vernon, L. Lablache, F. MelHsh, and Misses M. Whitty, A. Ferrar, and C Richards. Adventures of a Ventriloctuist (The) ; or, The Rog-ueries of Nicho- las. A farce in three acts, by Moncreiff (q.v.), performed at the Adelphi, London, in or about 1823. It was written in order to exhibit the powers of Alexandre the ventri- loquist, and had to do with the love affairs of a Cai)tain Furlough and a Miss Pillburp, who are aided by Nicholas, old Pillbury's servant. Adventures of Dick Turpin and Tom King-. See Dick Turpin. Adventures of Five Hours (The). A "tragic-comedy" by Sir Samuel Tuke (q.v.), adapted, at Charles II. 's suggestion, from a Spanish comedy (' Los Empeuos de Seis Horas') and produced at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre in January, 1663, with Betterton as Don Henrique, Harris as Antonio, Young as Octavio, Mrs. Betterton as Portia, and Mrs. Davenport as Camilla. Octavio is in love with Portia, and Antonio ■with Camilla. For some time all four are at cross purposes, o-ning to mistaken identity and other misunderstandings ; but in the end each pair of lovers is made happy. Pepys, who saw the piece played at White- hall, not only praised it for be"ing " without a word of ribaldry," but protested that, in comparison with it, 'Othello' was "a mean thing"! Langbaine proclaimed it "one of the best plays now extant for o^conomv and contrivance," and Echard described the plot as "one of the pleasantest stories that ever appeared upon our stage." The play, which contains the well-knoAvn couplet— " He is a fool who thinks by force or skill To turn the current of a woman's will "— was printed in 1664 and 1671. It was revived (compressed) at the Haymarket in 1707, and (still more compressed) at Drury Lane in 1727. See Adventures of a Night (2) and Perplexities. Adventures of Half an Hour (The). AfarcebyCHRisTOPHER Bullock (^.v.), first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on :March 19, 1716, with the author as Aminadah, an apprentice. The piece deals with the flirta- tions of Mrs. Tang and Captain Courtall, and the jealousy of Tagg. Adventuress (The). (1) A play by B. H. Hilton, performed at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, in February, 1871. (2) A play, adapted by T. S. Amory from Delpit's ' Fils de Coralie,' and performed at the Theatre Royal, Newcastle, in :May, 1882, with Miss Adeline Stanhope as the heroine. See Coralie and Id alia. "Adversity, Sweet are the uses of."— 'As You Like It,' act ii. sc. 1 (the Dulce). Shakespeare also has a reference to "Adversity's sweet milk, philosophy:" ' Romeo and Juliet,* act iii. sc. 3 {Friar Laurence). Advertisement (The) ; or, A Bold Stroke for a Husband. (1) A comedy by Mrs. Gardner {q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre on August 9, 1777, Avith Parsons, Edwin, Jackson, Blisset, R. Palmer, and the authoress in the cast. (.2) ' The Advertisement ' was the title of a farce by Fennell, produced in London in 1791, and in New York in 1804. Advice Gratis. A farce in one act, by C. Dance {q.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on September 29, 1837, with ^Y. Farren as Odbody, F. Mat- thews as Eventide, and Mrs. Orger as Mrs. Eventide; produced in New York in Feb- ruary, 1838, with Placide as Odbody. Advice to Husbands. A comedietta in one act, by Charles Sears Lancaster, first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on October 6, 1846, with J. Vining and Mrs. Stirling in the chief parts. Advocate (The); or, The Lost Cause. A play by H. P. Grattan, per- , formed in New York in 1848 and 1858. Advocate's Daugrhter (The). This play was performed at Edinburgh Theatre: Royal in 1856-7, with Henry Irving as Herbert. Adze, Andrew. A character in T. E. WiLKS's 'Michael Erie' {q.v.). -ffietes. King of Colchis in Planchk's ' Golden Fleece' {q.v.). -^g-eon. A merchant of Syracuse ii ' The Comedy of Errors ' {q.v.) ; husband o jEmilia, and father of the two Antlplwl {q.v.). He tells his story in act i. sc. 1. -aSg-isthus. King of Mycense, in F Talfourd's 'Electra' {q.v.). -ffig-lamour. The "sad shepherd" i Ben Jonson's dramatic fragment of tha name {q.v.). -ffilla. "A tragj-cal enterlude or di; coorseynge tragedie, wrotenn bie Thoma Rowleie," and published in 1777. This ws' one of the fabrications of Thomas Chattei ■ TON {q.v.). -ffimilia. The abbess in ' The Comec of Errors' {q.v.); wife of yEgeon {q.v.), a.!,- mother of the two Antipholi {q.v.). .aEmilius. A character in Home' ' Siege of Aquileia' (q.v.). -SEneas ; or, Dido Done. Aburlesqi by H. S. Granville ; Theatre Royal, Cor March 2, 1868.— ^/ieas figures also in :\Ia ! LOWE and Nash's ' Tra^Tedy of Dido ' {q. r . HOARE's 'Dido' (q.v.j, and Burnani : 'Dido' (q.v.). -ffineas's Reveng-e. See Troy's R VENGE. , -ffirostation ; or. The Templai,; Stratag-em. A farce in two acts, bv ' PiLON {q. V. ), first performed at Co vent G ard i ^SCHYLUS AFRICANS on October 29, 1784, with Quick as Quarto, Mrs. Webb as the Widoiv Grampus, Bonnor as Mineall, Wewitzer as Dawson, Davies as George Gordon, and Miss Ranoe as Sojjhia Harland. Quarto, a bookseller, desires to marry the Widoxv, and his nephew and heir, George, wishes to prevent his doing so, Mineall, a Templar, suggests that Dawson, disguised as a German baron, shall make love to the lady ; and when he does, she favours him. Quarto retires, gives George an estate, and George and Sophia are married. •"Much," says Genest, "is said about bal- loons, for which there was at that time a rage." .ffischylus. The complete works of this great tragic writer (B.C. 525-456) have been translated into English by Potter (1777), an anonymous author (1822), Buckley (1849), Paley (1864), Plumptre (1868), and Swan- wick (1873) ; the ' Lyrica Dramas ' by Blackie (1850). See Copleston's ' ^schyius.' See also Agamemnon ; Orestes ; Prome- theus ViNCTUS ; Septem contra Thebes. JEsop, the fabulist, figures in Coyne and Talfourd's 'Leo the Terrible' {q.v.). See Esop. .ffisop. A comedy in two parts, by Sir John Vanbrugh {q.v.), founded on the 'Esope' of Boursault, and produced at Drury Lane in 1697, with Gibber in the title part, Dogget as Learchus, Harland as Oronces, and !\Ivs. Temple as Euphronia. Learchus desires his daughter Euphronia to marry uEsop; but >;he loves Oronces, to whom JEsop eventually transfers her. The fiftli act, and the cha- racter of Sir Polidorus Hogstye, are entirely Vanbrugh's. The play was printed in 1697, and again in 1702, with a new second part, consisting of three scenes. It was revived at Drury Lane in 1708, with Mrs. Oldfield as Euphronia ; at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1725, with Quin as ^sop ; at Drury Lane in 1738, with Gibber, jun., as Sir Polidorus, and Macklin as Quaint; at Covent Garden in 1742, "with songs in masonry;" and at Drury Lane in 1758, with Mossop, Yates, O'Brien, Palmer, Holland, INIrs. Clive, and Mrs. Pritchard. Reduced by T. Sheridan to the dimensions of a farce, the piece was produced at Drury Lane in 1778, with Henderson as ^Esop and Farren as Oronces. See Light and Shadow. -ffisop in the Shades. See Lethe. -ffisop's Cro-w. A play, performed at Court in the reign of Edward VI., "where- in," says a contemporary writer, "the moste part of the actors were birds," i.e. dressed as such. It is mentioned in ' Beware the Cat,' 1584 (Fleay). -ffisop's Fables. A farcical comedy ■by J. P. HuRST (g.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on July 19, 1889, with G. Giddens as ^Esop Brooks, whose "fables" form the basis of the plot. iEthiop (The); or, The Child of the Desert. A play in three acts, by W. DiMOND iq.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on October 6, 1812, with C. Kemble as Haroun Alraschid, Young as Almanzor, Miss S. Booth as Orasmyn, Mrs. C. Kemble as Zoe, Liston as Benmoussaf, Simmons as Mustapha, and Egerton, Fawcett, and Mrs. Davenport also in the cast ; first seen in New York in 1813. Alraschid is the ^thiop, that being the assumed character in which he unmasks and frustrates the conspiracy of Almanzor to place Orasmyn on the throne. There is an underjjlot based on the amorous pursuit of Zoe by Benmoussaf ^nd Mustapha. -ffitius. A character in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Yalentinian' {q.v.). -ffitius. An opera translated from Me- tastasio by John Hoole (g.r.), and printed in 1800. Affahle, "Wido-w. A character in ' Call again To-Morrow' {q.v.). Affair of Honour (An). A farce by W. L. Rede {q.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, with Liston as Major Limkey, Keeley as Captain Carnage, J. Vining as Dr. Clements, Miss Fitzwalter as Mdme. Tourmlle, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley) as Martha ; produced in New York in 1838, Avith Placide as Limkey. The piece turns upon a device by which the doctor succeeds in carrying off Mdm£. Tourville from her two military suitors. Affected Ladies (The). A comedy by John Ozell {q.v.), Hterally translated from the ' Precieuses Ridicules ' of Moliere {q.v.). Affectionate Father (The). A comedy by James Nelson, printed, with some essays by the same author, in 1786. See ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812). Affectionate Son (The). A comedy "from Engel," printed in Holcroft's 'Thea- trical Recorder' {q.v.). AflBLnities. A drama in five acts, adapted by Mrs. Campbell Praed {q.v.) and Mrs. JOPLING, from a novel written by the former ; printed in 1885. Afrancesado. A play in two acts, by T. J. Serle, first performed at Covent Garden in 1838-9. Africaine (L); or, The Queen of the Cannibal Islands. (1) A burles- que of Meyerbeer's ' L'Africaine,' written by F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), and first per- formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on November 18, 1865, with D. James as NeUisko, T. Thorne as Selika, J. D. Stoyle as Vasco di Gama, H. J. Turner as Don Diego, Miss Raynham as Don Pedro, Miss Elise Holt as Do7i Alva, and Miss A. Swanboroueh as Inez. (2) ' L'Africaine ; or, The Belle of Madagascar : ' a burlesque in one act, by Captain Arbuthnot. African Roscius(The). SeeRoscius, African. Africans (The) ; or, "War, Love, and Duty. A play in three acts, by George Colman, jun. (q.v.), the music by Kelly {q-v.) ; founded on a story in ' Les AFTER AGAMEMNON Nouvelles du Florian,' and first performed at the Haymarket on July 29, ISOS, vrith a cast including Young, Listen, Fawcett, J. Palmer, Mrs. Gibbs, and ]Mrs. Liston. " This play," says Genest, "is a strange mixture of tragedy, comedy, and opera."' It was pro- duced in America in ISIO. After. A drama in one act by Scott Battams, first performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on the afternoon of May 27, 1SS7, with a cast including Miss Sophie EjTe ; revived at the Vaudeville in February, 1888, with Miss Helen Barry in the leading part. After All. (1) A comedy in three acts by W. 31. Duckworth, first performed at the Prince of AN'ales Theatre, Liverpool, October 13, 1S73. (2) A vaudeville, words by F. Desprez (q.v.), music by A. Cellier ; first performed at the Opera Comique Theatre, London, on December 16, 1S7S. (3) A play in a prologue and three acts, suggested by Lord Lytton's ' Eugene Aram," written by Freeman Wills and Frederick Lang- bridge, and produced at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, on October 7, 1901, with Martin Harvey as Eugene Aram; pre- sented at the" Avenue 'I heatre, London, January 15, 1902, with Martin Harvey as Aram. After Business Hours. A comedy adapted by Augustin Daly (g.r.) from the German of Blumenthal, and first performed at Daly's Theatre, New York, on October 5, 1SS6, vs-ith a cast including Miss A. Rehan {Doris), J. Drew, J, Lewis, etc. After Dark : a Tale of Liondon Life. A play in four acts, by Dion Bouci- CAULT {q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on August 12, 1S6S, with G. Vining as Old Tom, Walter Lacy as Chandos Bellingham, Dominick Murray as Dlccy Morris, H. J. Montague as Sir 'George Med- hurst, J. G. Shore as Gordon Chumleii, 'Sliss Rose Leclercq as Eliza, and Miss Trissy Marston as Rose Egcrton; first performed in New York at the Bowery and Niblo's Garden in November, 1S6S; re'vived at the Globe Theatre, T,ondon, in 3Iay, 1S77, with J. Ryder as Old Tom, J. Billington asChnmler/, H. H. Vincent as Medhurst, E. Righton as Morris, AV. J. Hill as Area Jack, C.Harcourt as Bellingham,, Miss E. Ritta as Eose, and Miss Lydia Foote as Eliza ; and at the Princess's Theatre in June. 1S77, with J. Fernandez as Old Tom, W. Terriss as J/e-i- hurst, H. Jackson as Morris, H. Russell as Bellingham, Miss R. Coghlan as Eliza, I\Iiss K. "Pattison as Rose, and ]SIiss Fannie Leslie as Jack ; at the Park Theatre, London, in March, 1S79. with C. Collette as Old Tom, Miss A. Steinberg as Ftose, and Miss Stella Brereton as Eliza; and at the Princess's Theatre in Noveml)er, 1891, with H. Neville as Old Tom, F. Mellish as Sir George, W. L. Abingdon as Bellingham, W. E. Shine as Dicey, H. Bedford as Area Jack, Miss B. Selwyn as Eliza, and Miss E. Terriss as Rose. After Dinner. (1) A farce by Herbert Gardner (q.v.). (2) A farce bv F. Netmore (1871). After Long- Years. (1) A drama in one act, by Sydney Grundy ('7.r.), trans- lated from Scribe and Caraille's ' Le Mauvais Sujet,' and first performed at the Folly Theatre, London, on December 6, ls79, with a cast including E. W, Garden. (2) A comedy-drama in three acts, by Arthur Law (q.v.) and Mrs. Herbert Purves, first performed at Torquay in October. 1SS6; pro- duced at the Criterion Theatre, London, on the afternoon of February 2. 1SS7. (3) A comedietta by G. Godfrey, Pavilion Thea- tre, London, December, 1SS9. After Many Days. A comedietta in one act, by A. Elwood (q.v.), produced at the Globe Theatre, London, on March 14, 1S87. After Marriag-e. A comedietta by J. Wilton Jones (q.v.). Theatre Royal, Leeds, April 30, 1S75. After the Ball. A farce in three acts, bv E. Ferriss, B. p. Matthews, and N. DOONE ; Grand Theatre, Margate, Oc- tober 29, 1903. After the Opera. A play by A. C. Gunter (q.v.), performed in the United States. After the Party. A comedietta, identical in plot with ' Forty Winks ' (q. v.). Aftermath ; or, "Won at Last. A play first performed at Wallack"s Theatre, New York, in December, 1577, with H. J. Montague and John Gilbert in the leading parts ; revived at the Madison Square Theatre, New York, in April, 1S79, with a cast including Steele Mackaye, J. Frankau, and C. W. Couldock. (2) 'Aftermath;' a play by Dr. Hartmann and S. Strange, New York, September 2, 1890. After-Thoug-hts. A one-act play by Augustus Thomas (q.v.), produced at the Madison Square Theatre, New York, in November, 1S30, with Mrs. Agnes Booth and L. Massen in the leading roles. Ag-ainst Momi and Zoili. A play bv John Bale, Bishop of Ossorv (circa looCh- 40). Ag-ainst those -who Adulterate the "Word of God. A play by John Bale, Bishop of Ossoiy (circa 1530-40). Agamemnon. (1) A tragedy by yEsCHYLUS (q.v.) ; translated, separately, into Endish bv Bovd (1823), Svmmons (1824), Harford (1831), Medwin (1832), Sewell (1846), Herbert (1849), Blew (1855), :Milman (1865), Davies (1S6S), Kennedy (1878), Cooper (1890), and Morshead (1S90) ; performed at Balliol Hall, Oxford, with F. R. Benson as Clytem- nestra. (2) A tragedy by Seneca (b.c. 58- 32) ; adapted by John Studley (1566) in Alex- andrine verse ; translated by Newton (15S1). (3) A plav ascribed to Henry CHETTLE(g.r.) and THOMAS Dekker (q.v.) ; acted in 1599. AGAMEMNON AND CASSANDRA 23 AGIS (4) A tragedy by James Thomson (q.v.'), first performed at Drury Lane on April 6, 1738, with Quin in the title part, Gibber, jun., as Melisander, Mrs. Porter as Clytemnestm, and Mrs. Gibber as Cassandra. The play is founded on the tragedies of ^schylus and Seneca, with the character of Melisander superadded frona Homer (' Odyssey,' bk. iii.)- It is said that the piece "struggled with such difficulty through the first night that Thomson, coming late to his friends with whom he was to sup, excused his delay by telling them how the sweat of his distress had so disordered his wig that he could not come till he had been refitted by a barber." (5) A tragedy by Alfieri (1749-1803); translated by Lloyd (1815) and Bo wring (1876); "altered" by R. G. Mac- GREGOR in 'Indian Leisure' (1854). Agramemnoii and Cassandra; or, ; The Prophet and Loss of Troy. A burlesque by Robert Reece iq.v.), first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, 1 Liverpool, on April 13, 1S6S, with Miss C. I Parkes and H. Beckett in the title parts, I and Miss Julia Matthews as Clytemnestra. Agamemnon and Ulysses. A 'his- tory' "presented and enacted before her Majesty by the Earl of Oxford his boys," in 1584. . Agatha. (1) A play in three acts, by Isaac Henderson, first performed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on May 24, 1892, with Miss W. Emery as the heroine, and Miss O. Nethersole, Miss M. Moore, Miss R. Leclercq, Minnie Terry, L. Waller, H. Waring, and C. Wyndham in other parts ; revived at the same theatre, on December 8, 1892, under the title of ' The Silent Battle,' and with almost the same cast. (2) ' Agatha ; or. The Lawful Wife;' drama by Oswald Brand, Sadler's Wells, August 15, 1892. Ag-atha. (I) A character in H. J. Byron's 'Der Ereischiitz' (?.v.). (2) The Princess in the Brothers Brough'S 'Frank- enstein' iq.v.). Agatha Tylden, Merchant and Shipowner. A play in four acts, by E. Rose, first performed at the Haymarket, October 17, 1892, with :Mrs. Langtry in the title part, and other roles by L. Waller, C. Maude, W. T. Lovell, and Miss M. Linden. AgaziL The lover of Almida, in Wills and Herman's 'Claudian' {q-v.). *'Age, ache, penury, and im- prisonment."— '^Measure for Measure,' act iii. sc. 1 (Claudio). "Age cannot wither her."— 'An- tony and Cleopatra,' act ii. sc. 2 (Uno- barbus)— " Nor custom stale Her infinite variety." The description is applied to Cleopatra. "Aare is as a lusty winter, My." ^'As You Like It,' act ii. sc. 3 (^Adatn). Age We Live in (The). See Pickwick Club. Aged Forty. A "petite comedy" by John Courtney, first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on February 2, 1844, with Walter Lacy as Sir Harry Wilder, Oxberry as Dapxier, and Miss Fortescue as Lady Clifton (also played by Mrs. StirUng). Ager, Captain. Son of Lady Ager in MiDDLETON's 'Fair Quarrel' (g. v.). "Middle- ton," says Swinburne, "has no second hero like Captain Ager, but where is there another r.o thoroughly noi)le and lovable among all the characters of all the dramatists of his time but Shakespeare ? " Ages Ago. An entertainment, written and composed for the German Reeds by W. S. Gilbert (q.v.) and Frederick Clay ; pro- duced in November, 1869 ; revived in 1874. Aggas, Robert. Scenic artist, died: 1679 ; notable as the first to paint movable scenery in England. He " is known," says. Button Cook, " to have execiited scenes for the theatre in Dorset Garden." "A .specimen of his work," ^\Tote E. L. Blanchard in 1S71, "may be seen at Paper- Stainers' Hall in Little Trinity Lane." See Walpole's ' Anec- dotes of Painting,' and Graham's ' School of English Painting.' Aggravating Sam. A comic drama in two acts, adapted by C. J. INLvthews {q.v.) from ' Un Drole de Pistolet,' and first per- formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on December 6, 1854, with the adapter as Sam Narjgins, R. Roxby as Pereyrine Poppleivig, Swan as Simon Sloivboy, B. Baker as old Biffin, Mrs. Macnamara as Arabella Biffin, Miss H. Gordon as Sophonisba, and Miss M. Oliver as Clara Biffin; produced at Burton's Theatre, New York, in 1855. Sam (a P.O. clerk) is never so happy as when annoying somebody, and his machinations set all the- rest of the dramatis peisonce at sixes and sevens. Agib, Prince, figures in ^L G. Lewis's. 'Timour the Tartar' {q.v.), and in Oxen- ford and Brooks's burlesque of that drama (q.v.). "Agincourt, Agincourt ! Know ye not Agincourt ? " First line of a song in T. Heywood's 'First Part of King Ed- ward IV. '— " Where the English slew and hurt All the French foemen." See Henry Y. Agis. (1) A tragedy by John Home (q.v.), founded on Plutarch's life of Agis, King of Sparta, but mainly fictitiotis in in- cident, and first performed at Drury Lano on February 21, 1758, with Garrick as Ly- Sander, Mossop as Agis, Havard as Am- phares, Mrs. Gibber as Buanthe, and Mrs. Pritchard, Mrs. Yates, Davies, and Holland in other characters. Lysander, the com- mander of Agis's army, is in love with and beloved by Eua7ithe,\vho is also pursued and at one time nearly killed by Amphares. Eventually Amphares is killed by Lysander AGLAIA 24 AGRIPPIXA Thomas Gray, the poet, described the play as "all modern Greek ... an antique statue, painted white and red, friezed, and dressed in a negligee made bv a Yorkshire mantua- maker." (2) A tragedy by Alfieri (17S3) ; translated into English by Lloyd (1815) and Bo-wring (1S76). Agrlaia. One of the 'Three Graces' in G. A. A Beckett's burlesque of that name {q.v.). Agrlaura. A " tragic-comedy " by Sir JOHiN Suckling {q.v.), acted at "the private house inBlackfriars," probably, Fleay thinks, in 1637 ; first printed in 1638, and after- wards with Suckling-'s other works (in 1696). Aglaura is beloved both by the Ki7ig and by his son, the Prince, whom she secretly marries, but whom she afterwards kUls, thinking him to be the King. She there- upon dies. In the original test, most of the characters had violent deaths— a fact which no doubt led Suckling to vrrite a new fifth act, in which Aglaura only wounds the Prince, whilst the King repents and dis- penses justice all round. The play appears to have been performed in both ver>ions. Pepys, writing in 1666, called it 'mean- nothing of design in it.' Brome, on the other hand, wrote verses in its praise. Agrminda. A character in Hannah Brand's 'Huniades' (q.v.). Agrnes. (1) A play by Victorien Sar- DOU (q.v.), first performed at the Union Square Theatre, New York, in October, 1S72, with Miss Agnes Ethel in the title part. See Andrea. (2) A play by Robert Bu- chanan (q.v.), adapted from Moliere's 'L'Ecole des Femmes,' and produced at the Comedy Theatre, London, on March 21, 1885, with Miss Adelaide Detchon in the title part. Agnes is the name of the heroine of Moliere's play. See Pinchwife, Mrs. (3) ' Agnes ; or. The Midnight Marriage : ' a melodrama, performed at Bath in March, 1823, -ndth Miss Dance as the heroine. Agrnes. A character in Oxenford's ver.sion of 'Der Freischiitz ' (g'.r.), and also in BurnaND's burlesque of that name (q.v.). Ag-nes Bernauer. A play in two acts, adapted from the German by T. J. Serle (q.v.), and first performed at Covent Garden in 1833-9. See Tournament, The. Ag-nes de Castro. A tragedy by Mrs. Catherine Trotter (afterwards Cock- bum, q.v.), founded on a French novel of the same name, translated by Mrs. Behn ; and performed at Drury Lane, in 1696, with 3Irs. Rogers as the heroine, Powell as the Prince of Portugal, Mrs. Knight as Elvira, and Yerbruggen as Alvaro. Agnes is be- loved by the Prince, and he in his turn is beloved by Elvira, whom, on his marriage, he has cast off. Elvira, desiring to kill Agnes, kills the Princess by mistake, and accuses Agnes of the murder. Agnes' in- nocence is established, but in the end she is accidentally stabbed by her lover, Alvaro. Ag-nes de Vere ; or, The Broken Heart. A drama in three acts, by J. B. BucKSTONE (q.v.), adapted from the French, and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in November, 1834, Mith the author and Mrs. Keeley in the cast. Agnes Sorel. , An opera, of which Gilbert Abbott A Beckett (q.v.) -wrote the libretto, the music being by Mrs. A. Beckett. It was produced in December, 1835, at the St. James's Theatre, London, with a cast including Braham and Miss P. Horton. Agnes St. A-ubin, the "Wife of T-wo Husbands. A drama by Miss Pardoe, produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in January, 1841, with Mrs. Yates as Agnes, Yates as Darcourt, Mrs. Keeley as Mdme. Darcourt, and O. Smith and E. Wright in other parts. St. Aubin and Mdme. Darcourt are jealous of a mysterious under- standing between Darcourt and Agnes. The truth is, Darcourt is the repository of a secret confided to him by Agnes— the exist- ence of a former rascally husband of hers, thought dead, but not so, and now threat- ening the heroine's peace. In the end the villain is shot, and the St. Aubins are made happy again. A-Gra-Ma-Chree ; or, Pulse of my Heart. A drama in five acts, by Edmund Falconer (q.v.), first produced at the Theatre Royal, Manchester, in March, 1875, with the author as Derrnot. Agreeable Surprise (The). (1) A one-act comedy, translated from Marivaux, performed by schoolboys at Islington, and printed in 'Poetical Blossoms' (1766). (2) A musical piece in two acts, by John O'Keefe (q.v.), first performed at 'Dublin under the title of ' The Secret Enlarged,' and produced in London, at the Haymarket Theatre, on September 3, 1781, Avith Edwin as Lingo, Bannister as Compton, Mrs. Webb as Mrs. Cheshire, and Mrs. Wells as Cowslip. It was produced in New York in 1787, and again in 1796, -with an actor named Lee in the part of the widow Cheshire. Agrippa, King of Alba ; or. The False Tiberinus. A tragedy, translated from the French of Quinault by John Dan- cer (q.v.) ; first performed at Dublin, and printed in 1675. "It is," says Genest, "a dull play in rhyme. The plot is intricate and very improbable," being based on the resemblance of one Agrippa to Tiberinus King of Alba, -whom he is persuaded to personate. Agrippina. (1) A tragedy in rhjTne, by John, Lord Hervey ; not printed. See Walpole's ' Anecdotes.' (2) An unfinished tragedy by Thomas Gray (1716-1771), con- sisting of one scene and a portion of another. Besides the heroine, Nero, Seneca, and Demetrius the cynic were intended to be among the dramatis piersonce. Ag-rippina, Julia. See Julia Agrip- pina. AGRIPYNA AICKIN Ag-ripyna. A princess in Dekker's *01d Fortunatus' {q.v.), beloved by the son of the King of Cyprus and by Orleans. AgTOvaine of the Bueful Phiz, Sir, figures in E. L. Blanchard's ' Three Perils of Man.' Ag-uecheek, Sir Andrew, in 'Twelfth Night' (g. v.), is "a straight-haired country squire," in love with Olivia (q.v.). He appears first in act i. sc. 3, where he says : " I'm a great eater of beef, and I believe that does harm to my wit. ... I can cut a caper . . . and I think I have the back trick simply as strong as any man in Illyria." In act ii. sc. 3 he tells us that life " consists •of eating and drinking." " He is stupid," says Gervinus, " even to sUliness." Among representatives of the character may be named O'Brien (q.v.), Woodward (q.v.), and Doddiq.v.). Of O'Brien it is recorded that he once played the part so comically as to make one of the sentinels (whom it was customary then to post on each side of the stage) fall down upon the boards, overcome ■with laughter. Woodward, Boaden says, always sustained Sir Andrew " with infinite drollery." Of Dodd, Charles Lamb writes : *' My merry friend, Jem White, had seen him one evening in Aguecheek, and, recognizing Dodd the next day in Fleet Street, was irresistibly impelled to take off his hat, and salute him as the identical knight of the preceding evening, with a 'Save you. Sir Andre'v.' Dodd, not at all disconcerted at this unusual address from a stranger, with a courteous, half-rebuking wave of the hand, put him off with an 'Away, Fool.' " I Ahasucrus. The King, in Elijah PoLACK's ' Esther, the Royal Jewess.' See [ King Ahasuerls. "Ah, ChlorisI that I now coirld sit." First line of a song in Sedlev's ; ■* JNIulberry Garden ' (q.v.). i ','A^' fading; joy! how quickly Emperor' {q.v.). "Ah, how sweet it is to love!" First line of a song in Dryden's ' Tyrannic Love' {q.v.)— " Pains of love be sweeter far Than all other pleasures are." Ah Sin. A play by Bret Harte (q.v.) and Mark Twain (q.v.), performed in Ame- rica, with Parsloe in the title part. Brander Matthews commends "the spirited and characteristic trial before Judge Lynch in the last act." "Ah, sure a pair were never seen." First line of a song in Sheridan's ' Duenna' (g.r.); adapted by Linley to an air by Michael Arne (q.v.). Ahmed al Kamel, the Pilgrrim of liOve. An opera, music by C. E. Horn (g.r.) (the libretto founded on Irving's ' Tales of the Alhambra '), produced in New York with Miss J. Wallack as Aldegonda. —Ahmed art thou past ! " Song sung by an Indian •woman in act iv. sc. 3 of Dryben's ' Indian is the hero, also, of H. J. Byron's 'Pilgrim of Love ' (q.v.). Ahmedoolah. Agent to the INIaharajab in Tom Taylor and A. W. Dubourg's ' Sister's Penance ' iq.v.). Aholibamah. One of the two women in Lord Byron's ' Heaven and Earth ' {q.v.) ; in love with Samiasa the angol. Aickin, Elinor. Actress ; has played in London the following rdles : Mrs. Rumbe- loiv in 'Garrick,' Mrs. Malaprop in 'The Rivals,' Mrs. Candour in ' The School for Scandal,' and Mrs. Hardcastle in ' She Stoops to Conquer,' at the Strand Theatre in 1886-7 ; also. Miss Grantham in 'The Liar,' and Elizaheth Jones in Frankfort Moore's ' 'The Mayflower,' at the Opera Comique Theatre in 1891-2. Aickin, Francis. Actor, bom in Dublin ; died 1805 ; brother of James Aickin {q.v.) ; gained his early experience in Ire- land ; appeared at Drury Lane in 1765, and remained there till 1774, when he went to Covent Garden, from which he retired in 1792. He was at one time manager of the Liverpool Theatre (1793), and at another time part-manager of the theatre at Edin- burgh. Wo read that " he had a good person, no inconsiderable share of judgment, a sonorous, distinct voice. He succeeded in the impassioned and declamatory parts of tragedy, insomuch that from his being so often cast in that line, his intimates in the green-room nicknamed him ' Tyrant Aickin.' N"or did all his merit lie in tragedy. In serious parts of comedy, such as Sir John Flowerdale, StocJcwell, etc., he had a pleasing harmony in his tones, and a precision of expression which gave force to those cha- racters." Genest, in his History, gives a list of over eighty characters assumed by Aickin, including the Ghost in ' Hamlet,' Jacques in ' As You Like It,' Stulcely in ' The "Game- ster,' Aboan in ' Oroonoko,' etc. See also ' Secret History of the Green-Rooms' (1790), Hitchcock's ' History of the Irish Stage ' (1794), ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805), and the ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). Aickin, James. Actor, born in Ireland ; died 1803 ; brother of Francis Aickin {q.v.); first played in the Irish provinces, and after- wards accepted an engagement at the Edinburgh Theatre, where he remained till 1767, latterly performing most of the leading parts in tragedy and comedy. In the year named he became a member of the Drury Lane company, to which he continued to be attached (with occasional appearances at the Haymarket) till 1800. He was for some years one of the deputy managers of Drury Lane. He was "considered," says Ger est, "a respectable and useful actor," having "an ease and manner which were very agreeable and natural." "He generally pleased, and never disgusted. His forte lay in the representation of an honest steward or an affectionate parent." For an account of his duel with J. P. Kemble, see Boatden's ' Life ' of that actor (1825). See also ' Secret AIDA ALADDIN History of the Green-Rooms ' (1790), Jack- son's ' "llistory of the Scottish Stage ' (1793), Genest's 'English Stage' (1S32), and the ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1SS5). Alda. An opera by Verdi, produced, with an English libretto by Henry Hersee (q.v.), at Her :Majesty's Theatre, London, in February, 18S0. Aide, Hamilton. Dramatic writer, poet, and novelist, born 1830 ; author of the following plays :-' Philip (1S74), ' A Nine Days' Wonder' (1S75), 'Die Fledermaus, adapted (1876), 'All or Nothing' (ISSO), 'Cousins' (1882), 'A Great Catch' (1883), 'Not at Home,' libretto (18S6), 'Incognito' (1888), and ' Dr. Bill,' adapted (1890)— all of which see ; also, some pieces performed privately. Ai'eule (L'). See Hidden Hand, The. Aika. A character in ' The Black Crook ' (q.i:)- Aiken, Georgre L.. American play- wright ; adapter of ' Uncle Tom's Cabin ' (g.v.) ; author of ' The Old Homestead ' {q.v.), ' The Emerald Ring,' etc. Aimee, Marie (real name, Marie Trochon). French actress and vocalist, born 1852, died 1887 ; made her first appearance in America at the Grand Opera House, New York, on December 21, 1870. From that date till 1887 she was frequently heard in America in opera-bouffe and comedy. In 1887 she produced in New York ' La Belle Poule ' and 'La Marjolaine ;' in 1878, 'Les Cloches de Corneville ; ' and in 1883, ' La Princesse de Canaries ' In 1884 she figured in New York as the heroine of Jessop and Gill's ' ^NLam'zelle ' {q.v.), playing the part in French-Enghsh. Aim"well. One of the beaux in Far- quhar's 'Beaux' Stratagem' (q.v.); suitor to Dorinda (daughter of Lady BountifuV), by whom he is beloved in return. See Archer. Aimworth, Lord. A character in BiCKERSTAFFS 'Maid of the Mill' {q.v.). Ainswortli, "W. Harrison. See Admirable Crichton, The ; Jack Shep- PARD, etc. "Air, a charter'd libertine, is still (The),"— 'King Henry V.,' act i. sc. 1 {Archbishop of Cantcrbui-y). "Air, into thin air, Are melted into."—' Tempest,' act iv. sc. 1 (Prospero). Air-halloon (The). A musical drama, printed in 1784. Air castle. (1) A rambling talker in FooTE's 'Cozeners' (g.t'.); drawn from life, Gahagan (author of a ' Life of Mrs. Siddons') having sat for the portrait. (2) Uncle of Bell and Clarissa in Oxenford's 'Billing and Cooing' {q.v.). Airey , Mrs. A widow in A. C. Trough- ton's ' ahameful Behaviour.' Airey Annie. A burlesque by F. C, Burn AND {q.v.), written in travesty of Mrs. Campbell Praed's 'Ariane' {q.v.), and first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on April 4, 1SS8, with Miss IM. Ayrton in the title part, and other roles by xMiss A. Atherton, A. Chevalier, and W. Edouin. "Airy tongrues that syllable men's names." See " Syllable thy Name." Airy, Sir Georg-e, in Mrs. Cent- LiVRE's 'Busybody' (g.tJ.), is in love with Miranda {q.v.). Ajax. A tragedy by Sophocles {q.v.) ; translated, separately, into English by Theobald (1714), Jackson and RoAve (1714), Surges (1849), anonymously (1871), and Mongan (1881) ; played at Oxford before James I. in 1605. (2) ' Ajax and Ulysses : ' a play performed at court " by the children of Wynsor" in 1572. — Ajax is a character in R. Brough's 'Siege of Troy' {q.v.). Alabama. A play of American life and character, by AUGUSTUS Thomas {q.v.), first performed at the Madison Square Theatre, New York, on April 1, 1891, with a cast in- cluding J. H. Stoddart, M. Barrymore, E. I\I. Holland, Walden Ramsay, Miss May Brookyn, and Miss Agnes Miller. C. W. Couldock and E. J. Henley afterwards replaced the two first-named actors. "Alabama" (The). See Spitfire, The. Alabaster, "William. Dramatic poet and divine, born at Hadleigh, Suftolk, in 1567, died 1640 ; claims a place in this volume as the author of a tragedy in Latin verse called 'Roxana' {q.v.). His poetry was hyperbolically praised by Fuller and Wood. See Fuller's ' Worthies ' (1662), Wood's ' Athenfe Oxonienses ' (1691), ' Bio- graphia Dramatica' (1812), W. C. Hazlitt's 'Early English Literature' (1867), Collier's 'English Dramatic Poetry' (1879), and the ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). "Alacrity in sinking-; I have a kind of."—' Merry Wives of Windsor,' act iv. sc. 5 {Falstaff). Aladdin. The hero of a famous nursery tale, and the central figure of a large number of di-amatic pieces. Among these may be named: (1) 'Aladdin; or, The Wonderful Lamp : ' a pantomime, music by Shield, produced at Covent Garden on December 26, 1788. (2) 'Aladdin; or. The Wonderful Lamp:' a melodramatic romance, first per- formed at Covent Garden on April 9, 1813, with Mrs. C. Kemble in tlie title part, Farley as Ahanazar, Grimaldi as Kasrac, Miss Bolton as the Princess, and Mrs. Davenport as the widow of Ching Mustapha ; produced in New York in 1815. (3) 'Alad- din :' a romantic opera in three acts, libretto by George Soane {q.v.), music by Sir H. R'. Bishop ; produced at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on April 29, 1826, with a cast in- cludmg Horn, Sinclair, Harley, Browne, ALADDIN ALARCOS ISIrs. Davison, and Miss Stephens (Aladdin). " It was not very favourably received," says Planche, " and the delicious warbling of Miss Stephens could not secure for it more than a lingering existence of a few nights. Tom Cooke, the leader of the orchestra at Drury Lane, met Braham in Bow Street, and asked him how his opera (' Oberon ') was going. ' Magnificently ! ' replied the great tenor ; and added, in a fit of what he used to call enthoosemusy, ' Xot to speak it profanely, it will run to the Day of Judg- ment ! ' "' My dear fellow,' rejoined Cooke, ' that's nothing ! Ours has run five nights afterwards ! ' " (4) ' The Wonderful Lamp in a New Light' (.q.v.) : a burlesque by Gilbert Abbott a Beckett (1844). (5) ♦ Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Lamp : ' a burlesque by ALBERT SMITH (q.v.) and Charles Kenney (q.v.), produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on August 5, 1844. On this occasion, says Edmund Yates, " Keeley played the magician, and imparted such pecadiar emphasis to the line, ' Yes, here's the place, and there's the blasted cedar !' as to bring down the house." Mrs. Keeley Avas Aladdin and Miss Woolgar Badroulhadour, and A. Wigan and Widdi- comb were also in the cast. (6) ' A-lad-in the Wonderful Lamp : ' a burlesque produced at New York in October, 1844. (7) * Aladdin : ' a pantomime by J. Maddison Morton (q-v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on December 26, 1856, with H. Saker as the hero. (8) ' Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Scamp : ' a burlesque by H. J. Byron (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on Easter Monday in April, 1861, with Miss Marie Wilton in the title part, IMiss Charlotte Saunders as the Sultan, Miss E. Bufton as Badroulhadour, Miss F. Josephs as Pekoe, J. Clarke as Abanazar, J. Rogers as the Widotv Twankay, and Miss Kate Carson, E. Danvers, and H. J. Turner in other parts ; revived at the Strand (revised by A. Chevalier) in September, 1888, with W. Edouin as the Widou: A. Chevalier as Aba- nazar, Miss A. Atherton as Aladdin, IMiss G. Huntley as Pekoe, and Miss S. Vaughan as the Sultan. (9) 'Aladdin; or, Harle- quin and the Bronze Horse : ' a pantomime by R. SOUTAR (q.v.), New East London Theatre. December 24, 1868. (10) 'Aladdin ; or, Harlequin Shoeblack : ' a pantomime by F. W. Green (q.v.), Marylebone Theatre, London, December 23, 1872. (11) ' Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Lamp : ' a burlesque by F. W. Green (q.v.). Charing Cross Theatre, London, December 24, 1S74. (12) 'Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Lamp :' a pantomime by E. L. Blanchard, Drury Lane, December, 1874. (13) ' Aladdin, and the Wonderful Lamp : ' a pantomime by H. Spry, Astley's Theatre, London, December, 1S74. (14) Same title ; pantomime by J. JNI'Ardle, Surrey Theatre, London, December 24, 1879. (15) A burlesque drama in three acts, by KOBERT Reece (q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on December 24, 1881, with Miss E. Farren as Aladdin, Miss K. Vaughan as Badroidbadour, E. Terry as Abanazar, E. W. Royce as So-Sli, and J. J. Dallas as Wee-Piny. (16) ' Aladdin and the Flying Genius:' burlesque extravaganza, Philharmonic Theatre, London, December 26, 1S81. (17) ' Aladdin ;' a pantomime by J. Douglass, Standard Theatre, London, December, 1SS6. (18) ' A-ladd-in and Well Out of It : ' extravaganza by B. Smith, Folkestone, January, "l889. (19) 'Aladdin and Wonderful Lamp : ' a pantomime by H. Lennard, Crystal Palace, December, 1889. (20) 'Aladdin; or. The Saucy Young Scamp vdio Collared the Lamp :' pantomime by G. Thorn, Grand, Islington, December, 1889. (21) ' Aladdin ; or, The Wonderful Lamp : ' a pantomime by F. Locke, Marylebone, December, 1889. To this list may be added pantomimes on the subject of ' Aladdin' bv J. T. Douglass, at the Standard Theatre (1871) ; G. H. George, at the Albion (1873) ; E. L. Blanchard, at the Imperial (1878) ; H. Spry, at Sanger's (1879) ; the Brothers Grinn, at the Crystal Palace (1880); F. W. Green, at the Marylebone (1882) ; L. Clarence, at Blackpool (1883) ; G. Con- quest and H. Spry, at the Surrey (1884) ; E. L. Blanchard, at Drury Lane (1885) ; R. Reece, at Sanger's (1885) ; G. Thorn, at the Pavilion (1890) ; T. Ramsdale, at Alder- shot (1892) ; and T. Craven, at Holloway (1893). Aladdin at Sea. An extravaganza by I. Zangwill (q.v.), first performed at the Public Rooms, Camborne, January 25, 1893. Aladdin II. An operetta, words by Alfred Thompson (q.v.), music by Herve ; first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon- don, on December 24, 1870, with INIiss E. Farren in the title part. Miss Constance Loseby as the Princess Veloutine, J. L. Toole as Ko-Kli-Ko, Stoyle as Ozokerit, and C. Lyall as the Remembrancer. Aladin. A character in Brown's ' Bar- barossa' (q.v.). Alaham. A tragedy by Fulke Gre- VILLE, Lord Brooke, printed in 1633. "The plot is taken from some incidents in Herbert's ' Travels.' The author has followed the model of the ancients ; the prologue is spoken by a ghost, who gives an account of every character " (' Biographia Dramatica '). Alan's "Wife. A study in three scenes, founded on a story by Elin Ameen ; per- formed (under the auspices of the Indepen- dent Theatre Society) at Terry's Tlieatre, London, on Friday evening, April 28, 1893, with Miss E. Robins as the heroine, Jean Creyke. Alarbas. A " dramatic opera " by " a gentleman of quality," printed in 1709. Alarcos, The Tragedy of Count. A play written bv Benjamin Disraeli, Earl of Beaconsfield (1S05-1SS1). and pub- lished in book form in 1839. " Years have flown away," wrote the author in his dedica- tory epistle to Lord Francis Egerton, "since, rambling in the sierras of Andalusia, . . . I first listened to the chant of that strange and terrible tale [the Count Alarcos]. It ALARMING SACRIFICE ALBANY seemed to me rife with all the materials of the tragic drama, and I planned, as I rode along, the scenes and characters of which it seemed to me susceptible." The play, however, was not placed upon the stage till August 1, 1S68, when it was repre- sented at Astley's Tlieatre, London, with Charles Verner as the hero. Miss Agnes Cameron as the heroine, and Emery as the King. Button Cook then -v^Tote of it as follows : "The tragedy is founded upon the old thirteenth-century ballad of the ' Conde Alarcos,' ... of which admirable English versions have been published by Mr. Lock- hart and Sir John Bowring. . . . The play is not absolutely without passages of genuine dramatic value. The story is indeed an im- pressive one. . . . From an actor's point of view Alarcos is a showy kind of part, with plenty to say and to do in it, and a suffi- ciency of those opportunities for personal parade M-hich are so fondly regarded by the players." The scene is laid in Spain, and the Count Alarcos is in love with Solisa, the Infanta. He is, however, loved in turn by the Queen Mother, to escape whose attentions he leaves the court. After her death he returns. In the interval he has married — "As men do oft from very wantonness ; " but he still loves Solisa. He causes the Couyit Sido7iia to make love to his wife ; but that lady is impregnable, and the king now suggests she should be murdered. A ^Moorish servant is hired to do the deed, but relents at the last moment, and Alarcos has himself to play the assassin. Unhappily for him, the Infanta has just been killed by lightning, and, overwhelmed by the news, the Count commits suicide, remarking that he had " Lived To find a hell on earth, yet thus he sought A deeper and a darker." In the course of the play a man-at-arms thus describes a storm :— " The lightnings play Upon our tun-ets that no human step Can keep tlie watch. Each forky flash seems missiou'd To scath our roof, and the whole platform flows With a blue tea of flame." * Alarcos ' was revived at the Crystal Palace in June, 1879, with E. H. Brooke as Alarcos, Howard Russell as the King, J. H. Barnes as Sidonia, W. ]M'Intyre as Oran, and Jliss L. Moodie in the principal female part. Alarming- Sacrifice (An). A farce by J. B. BUCKSTONE iq.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on July 11,1849, wi'th the author as Bob Ticket— 2i part which has also been played by W. E. Burton {q.v.) and the fourth Jefferson (g.r.)— and Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Susan Sweeiapple. Bob believes himself heir, as next of kin, to a rich old gentleman, who is supposed to have died without making a will ; but, discovering afterwards that such a document exists, and is in favour of Susan, the old gentleman's servant, Boh surrenders the property to her. She, however, destroys the will, and, in the end, she and Boh agree to marry. Alarum for London ; or, Tlie Sieg-e of Antwerp, "with the venturous Acts and valorous Deeds of the Lame Soldier.' A tragi-comedy, not divided into acts, " acted probably in 1599 " (Fleay), and printed in 1602. It has been attributed, conjecturally, to Lodge {q.v.). The plot is taken from ' A Tragical History of the City of Antwerp' (1586). "Alarums, Excursions." A stage direction very frequent in the historical plays of Shakespeare. It applies to the sound of fighting behind the scenes, and to the passage of soldiers across the stage. See Button Cook's ' Book of the Play ' (1876). Alasco. A tragedy by Sir Martin Archer Shee {q.v.), performed in New York in 1824, with Cooper as Alasco and Mrs. Barnes as Arnantha. It had been put in rehearsal at Covent Garden, but the licenser (George Colman the younger) in- sisted upon so many excisions and alterations that the author refused to allow it to be performed, preferring to publish it as it stood. The following is a specimen of the lines condemned :— " Tyrant?, proud lord, are never safe, nor should be ; The ground is mined beneath them as they tread • Haunted by plots, cabals, conspiracies. Their lives are long convulsions, and they shake, Surrounded by their guards and garrisons." j The licenser also objected to the sentiment that " Whate'er the colour of his creed, The man of honour's orthodox." Alasco is a young Polish nobleman, who puts himself at the head of an insurrection, and, being captured, is condemned to death, in spite of the entreaties of Colonel Wal- singham, to whose daughter, Arnantha, Alasco has been privately married. Arnan- tha stabs herself ; Alasco is pardoned, and commits suicide over the body of his wife. The piece was eventually played at the Surrey Theatre. Alasco. A character in Sheridan Knowles's ' Rose of Arragon' (q.v.). Alba. A Latin play performed in Christ Church Hall, Oxford, in J605, before King James. Warton records that "five men, almost naked, appearing on the stage, gave great offence to the queen and maids of • honour." The king, it is related, was so wearied by the performance, that he would I fain have retired before it was halfway i; through. ': Albanius, in Drtden's 'Albion and. i: Albanius' {q.v.), is intended for James, , Duke of York (afterwards James II.). Albany, U.S.A. The first professional performance ever given in this town took place on July 3, 1769, the entertainment being provided by a company from Nev/ i York, including Lewis Hallam, jun., John Henry, and Miss Cheer. The first theatre ; was opened in Green Street in 1S13, under ] ALBAUGH ALBINA the management of John Bernard ; the .second in South Pearl Street in 1825, by (iilfert. Both were eventually transformed into churches. In 1840 and 1841 respectively, the Dallius Street Amphitheatre and the Museum were utilized for performances. The Odeon (afterwards the Broadway) was opened in 1847, and in the following year the ^luseum was enlarged. In 1852 the Great Street Theatre was reopened as a theatre, and, becoming a concert haU, was succeeded in 1859 by the Gaiety. The Academy of Music, opened in 1863, was burnt down in 1868, and, in 1876, a similar fate overtook the Division Street Theatre, which dated from 1869— the year in which the Thrimble (now the Leland) Opera House was " inaugiirated." All the leading actors of the last hundred years have performed in Albany— for example, J. B. Booth, For- rest, and Edmund Kean, in 1825 ; Macready, 1827 ; Mdme. Celeste, 1828 ; Charles Kean, 1831 ; Charles and Fanny Kemble, 1833 ; Miss Cushman, 1836 ; etc., etc. See H. P. Phelps's ' Players of a Century ' (1880). Albaug-h, Jolin W. Actor and mana- ger, born at Baltimore in 1837 ; made his debut there in 1855, and afterwards acted in all the chief cities of America. In 1866 lie married Miss Mary jNIitchell (q.v.), and in 1863 was in management at St. Louis. In 1873 he became manager of the Leland Opera House, Albany, to which post he after- wards added tliat of manager of the National, Washington, and the Holiday Street, Balti- more. Albert. (1) A character in Peake's ' Bottle Imp ' ((J.V.). (2) Son of William Tell in J. Sheiudan Knowles's play of that name iq.v.). The latter reappears in the bur- lesques of Knowles's ' William Tell ' by F. Talfourd, H. J. Byron, and L. Buckingham. Albert and Adelaide ; or, The Vic- tim of Constancy. A romantic drama in three acts, founded by Samuel Birch (q.v.) on a story by Mdme. de Genlis, and first performed at Covent Garden on December 22, 1798, with a cast including Incledon, Emery, and Mrs. Johnson. See Captive OF Spillsburg. Alberta. An unacted tragedy by J. Carter, printed in 1787. Albertazzi, Emma (ne'e Howson). Contralto vocalist, born 1814, died in Lon- don, 1847 ; sang at the King's Theatre, London, in 1830 ; at Her Majesty's Theatre in 1837 ; and at Drury Lane in 1840. She appeared in London again in 1846. See Grove's 'Dictionary of Music' (1879), the 'Dictionary of National Biogi-aphy' (1885), and ' Men of the Reign ' (1885). Alberte Galles. A play by Thomas Heywood (q.v.) and Wentworth Smith (q.v.), mentioned by Henslowe as being acted in 1602. See Fleay's 'Chronicle of the English Drama ' (1891). Alberti. A tragedy in five acts, by Isaac Harby, performed at Charleston, U.S.A., in 1818. Alberto. Son of Alonzo and Ormisinda in Home's ' Alonzo ' (q.v.). Albertus "Wallenstein, late Duke of Fridland, and General to the Emperor Ferdinand II. A tragedy by Henry Glapthorne (q.v.), acted at the Globe " on the Bank Side " probably in 1639, and printed in 1640. "The plot is merely historical ; the diction is good " (' Biographia Dramatica,' 1812). Albery, James. Dramatic writer, died August, 1889 ; wrote the following origi- nal plays :— ' Two Roses ' (1870), ' Coquettes ' ('Two Thorns') (1871\ 'Apple Blossoms' (1871), ' Tweedie's Rights' (1871), ' Forgiven ' (1872), ' Oriana ' (1873), 'Will of Wise King Kino' (1873), 'Married' (1873), 'Fortune' (1873), 'Wig and Gown' (1874), 'Pride' (1874), • The Spendthrift ' (1875), ' The Man in Possession' (1876), 'Jacks and Jills' (1880) ; also, the following adaptations : — 'Pickwick' ('Jingle') (1871), 'Pink Domi- nos ' (1877), 'The Crisis' (1878), 'Duty' (1879), 'Where's the Cat?' (1880), 'Little Miss Mutfet' (1882), 'Featherbrain' (1884), and ' Welcome, Little Stranger ' (1890) ; all of which see. He was the author of the libretto of 'The Spectre Knight' (q.v.); and part author (with Joseph Hatton ((j.i'.)) of 'No. 20 ' (q.v.) and ' The Vicar ' (q.v.), (with Bron- son Howard) of 'The Old Love and The New' (q.v.), and (with J. J. Dilley (q.v.)) of ' Chiselling ' (q.v.) and ' Doctor Davy' (q.v.). "It is in his heroines," says one of his critics, "that Mr. Albery's insight into life is best shown. Lottie and Ida in 'Two Roses,' Hose Cudlip in 'Forgiven,' Lillian in 'Coquettes,' Laura in 'Pride,' are all ably-drawn portraits of warm-hearted Eng- lish girls, not pretending to any sort of per- fection, but genuine, pure, and true. Many of his male characters, too, are consistent studies, admirably worked out [Die/by Grant, Paul Cudlip, Tiveedie, etc.]. ... In thesa the main idea is steadily preserved, and the result is valuable as a study of character.. It is, however, less for the main interest of a plot than for the charm of isolated scenes, and the happy fancies Avhich speck the dia- logue, that Mr. Albery's plays are most remarkable" ('London Society,' vol. xxvi ). See, also, Archer's ' Dramatists of To-Day (1882). Albina. (1) A character in Reynolds's ' Will' (^. v.). (2) The heroine of Douglas- Jerrold's 'White Milliner' (q.v.). AJbina, Countess Raimond. A tragedy in three acts, by Mrs. Cowley (17.1;.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre- on July 31, 1779, with Jlrs. ^Massey as the> heroine, ^Irs. Montague as Editha, Dimond as Edward of Soinerset, and Palmer as Gon- dibert. Edward and Gondibert are in love with Albina, and Editha is in love with Edivard. To prevent the marriage of Edioard and Albina, Gondibert and Editha pretend that Albina is unchaste. Edivard accuses- her to her father, and the two are about to fight, when Gondibert confesses, kills Editha (by mistake), and then stabs himself. The- play was printeil in 1779. ALBION ALCESTE Albion. An interlude mentioned by Kirkman, and probably identical ■with ' Albion Knight ' {q.v.). Albion ; or, The Court of Neptune. A masque by T. Cooke, the scene of which is laid "on the British seas." It was printed in 1724. Albion and Albanius. An opera in three acts, words by John Dryden {q.v.), music by Lewis Grabut ; first performed at Dorset Garden on June 3, 1685, and printed in that year. It was produced, Downes says, " on a very unlucky day, being the day the Duke of Monmouth landed in the West. The nation being in agxeat consternation, it was performed but six times." " It was meant," says Genest, "as a satire on the Whigs and Republicans, and as a panegyrick on Charles the 2nd and his brother, who are repre- sented under the characters of Albion and Albanius." Archon is General Monk, and London is personified under the name of Augusta. See Langbaine's 'Dramatic Poets' (1691). Albion Knig-lit. "A mery Playe bothe pythy and plesaunt," entered on the Stationers' books in 1565-6. It is supposed to have been the play performed before Queen Elizabeth at Christmas, 1558-9, and described as of " such matter that the players were commanded to leave off." It seems to have been intended "to illustrate and enforce the right rules of government for a state," and is, says Payne Collier, " the only specimen of the kind in our language." Albyon Knight is a personification of Eng- land, and among the other personce are Temporalty, Sjnrttiialt)/, Princijmlity, Com- 'Monalty, Sovereignty, Peace, and Plenty. Only a fragmentary copy of the play is in existence. Albion Q,ueens ; or, The Death of Mary Q,ueen of Scots. A play by John Banks {q.v), first performed at Drury Lane on March 6, 1704 ; produced in New York in 1754. See Island Queens. Albion Theatre. See London The- atres. Albion's Triumph. AmasquebyAURE- LIAN TowNSEND {q.v.), performed at Court, "by the King's Majesty and his Lords," on "the Sunday after Twelfth Night," 1631-2. Inigo Jones " had a share in the invention " of this masque. Albovine, King" of the Lombards. A prose tragedy by Sir William Dave- >'ANT (.q.v.), printed in 1629. The story is to be found in Caxton's ' Golden Legend,' Lydgate's ' Bocchas,' Belleforest's ' Histoires Tragiques,' Heylin's ' Cosmographie,' and Machiavelli's 'History of Florence,' and has been made the basis of an Italian tragedy. Albovine has married Rhodolinda, but shocks her, on the wedding day, by drinking out of the skull of her dead father. She intrigues witli Paradine, and tries to persuade him to kill Albovine ; but Paradins betrays her to the king, who, finding her false, fights with Paradine, and allows him- self to be slain. Paradine then kills Rhodo- linda. Albu, Annie. Vocalist and actress; played the title r6le in Clay's 'Princess Toto ' when that opera was revived in Lon- don in 1881, and "created" the name part in Cellier's 'Doris' (q.v.) in 1889. She was for some time a member of the Carl Rosa company. Albumazar. A comedy by Thomas TOMKis, founded (says Fleay) on 'L'Astro- logo ' of G. B. Delia Porta (1606), and acted by the gentlemen of Trinity College, Cam- bridge, before James I. during his visit to that university on March 9, 1614-5. Albu- mazar is an astrologer, who has the power of transforming one man into another. He has turned Trincalo into Antonio, and this act is the cause of sundry misunderstand- ings, which form the basis of the play. The play was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in February, 1668, with (Pepys says) Angel (q.v.) as Trincalo. Dryden wrote the pro- logue on this occasion, and in the course of it accused Ben Jonson of having been in- debted to 'Albumazar' for his 'Alchemist' (q.v.). The comedy was afterwards altered by Ralph, "no very material change" being made in the plot, but the language being " altered vastly for the worse." ' The Astrologer,' as Ralph called his production, was produced for the first and only time at Drury Lane on April 3, 1744, with Mills, Yates, Mrs. Woffington, Mrs. Giffard, and Mrs. Bennett in the cast, and the names of the characters transformed into Motley, Stargaze, Brains, Sly, Siftem, Faimvou'd, etc. 'Albumazar' was revived at Drury Lane in October, 1747, in April, 1748, and, altered by Garrick, in 1773. — Albumazar was the name of a famous Persian astronomer. Alcaid (The); or, The Secrets of OflB.ce. An opera in three acts, by James Kenney (q.v.), first performed at the Hay- market on August 10, 1824, with W. Farren as Don Christopher Toxado, the Alcaid, and Liston, Harley, Mdme. Vestris, Mrs. Garrick, ^Miss Paton, Mrs. Gibbs, and Mrs. Glover in other roles. Alcamenes and Menalippa. A tra- gedy, ascribed by Mears to William Phi LIPS. Chetwood gives 1G68 as the date of it. Alcanor, in Cumberland's 'The Arab' (q.v.), "is represented as a man of simple manners, of noble principles, but of strong passions." Alcantara. A comic opera in two acts, words by E. B. WoOLF, music by Julius Eichberg, performed at the Connaught Theatre, London, on November 1, 1879. Alcazar, The Battle of. See Battle OF Alcazar, The. Alceste. An opera written by Tobtas George Smollett (q.v.) for Rich, then patentee of Covent Garden ; but, owing to a diypute between the parties, never per- formed (nor published). This quarrel ob- tained for Rich the disagi-eeable distinction ALCESTIS ALDERMAN of beins: attacked by Smollett in his satire called 'The Reproof' (1747). Alcestis. (1) A tragedy by Euripides (q.v.) ; translated, separately, into English by Edwards (1824). Banks (1849), Xevins (1870), Williams (1871), Browning (1871), Mongan (1879). Lawton (1889), Arnold (1892), Reynolds (1893), and anonymously in 1834, 1836, 1870, and 1884. The tragedy, it may be recorded, was performed in the original Greek for the first time in England at St. Andresv's College, Bradford, on February 18, 1882. (2) A burlesque of the • Alcestis,' in verse, by Issachar Styrke, was published in 1816. (3) A burlesque of the above, by Francis TALFOURD(g.v.), entitled 'Alcestis, the Original Strong-Minded Woman,' was first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon- don, on July 4, 1850, with Mrs. Leigh Murray in the title part, H. Farren as Orcus, W. Farrenas //ercinfe of Artaxerxes). Artaxerxes is the heir to the throne of Persia, but Artemisa, the king's second wife, desires her son to suc- ceed ; and, in the end, he does so, Artaxerxes committing suicide on the death of his wife. Ambitious "Widow (The). A "comic entertainment" by William Woty, sug- gested by an incident in Johnston's ' Chry- sal,' and printed in ' Poetical Amusements ' (1789). Amble. An usher in Massinger's 'A New Way to pay Old Debts' (q.v.). Amboyna; or, The Cruelties of the Dutch to the English Mer- chants. A tragedy by John Dryden (q.v.), acted at " the Theatre Royal " in 1673, and printed in that year. The original cast included Hart as Toiverson, INIohun as Beaumont, Kynaston as Harman, jun., Mrs. Marshall as Ysabinda, and Jlrs. Cory as an English woman. The piece is in five acts, and "though printed originally in prose, abounds in a kind of bastard blank verse, which the author does not seem to have thought worth printing as such." It is based on the barbarities practised by the Dutch upon the English settlers at Am- boyna, in 1622. In 1672 the British Govern- ment declared war against the Dutch, and it was with the view of making the campaign popular in England that Dryden revived the story of the Amboyna massacre. The play follows the actual facts closely, so far as the background of the plot is concerned. It was conceived and Avritten in a month. Ysabinda is an Indian lady, betrothed to Captain Toiverson. The story of her rape is said by Langbaine to have been borrowed from a novel by Cinthio Giraldi. Beaumont is an English merchant ; Harman, jun., the son of the Dutch governor. Sir Walter Scott described the piece as "beneath criticism," and " the worst production Dryden ever wrote." Ambroise, Michael. " The miller of Derwent Water," in Fitzball's drama of that name (q.v.). Ambrose Germaine. A play by John Brougham (q.v,), first performed at Niblo's Garden, New York. Ambrose Gwinnett ; or, A Seaside Story. A melodrama in three acts, by Douglas Jerrold (q.v.), first performed at the Coburg Theatre, London, with Cobham in the title part, Davidge as Ned Grayling, and Miss Watson as Lucy Fair- love ; published in 1828 ; revived at New York in July, 1829, with Barry as Ambrose, Hilson as Ned Grayling, Placide as Label, and Mrs. Hilson as Lucy ; also at Boston, U.S.A., in the same year, with Mrs. J. R. Duff as Lucy. Reef, in this piece, was in the repertory of Jefferson " the third " (q.v.). Ambrose, Miss. A comedy actress, well known on the Dublin stage about 1765-70. One of her parts was Charlotte in IMacklin's 'Love k la Jfode' (q.v.). See Malcolm's ' Anecdotes of the IManners and Customs of London,' ii. 247. Ambs-ace, Lady. A character in Odingsell's 'Bath Unmasked' (q.v.). Ambuscade. A character in M. P. Andrews' ' Fire and Water' (q.v.). AMCOTTS 50 AMERICANS Amcotts, Vincent. Dramatist, died November, 18S1 ; author of ' Adonis Van- quished/ a comedy ; ' The Love Tests,' operetta (1870); 'Ariadne,' 'Fair Helen,' ' Lalla Rookh,' ' Lurline,' extravaganzas ; and ' Poisoned,' farce ; part author of 'Pentheus,' etc., and at one time manager of the Olympic Theatre, London. Amelia, in O'Keefe's ' Wild Oats ' (q.v.), is the wife of Sir George Thunder {q.v.). The name of a character in (2) W. H. Arnold's 'Woodman's Hut' (_q.v.), (3) J. B. BUCKSTOXE'S 'King of the Alps' (q.v.), (4) 'Incog.' (q.v.), and (5) 'The Robbers' (q.v.). Amelia. A " serious " opera by Henry Carey (q.v.), set to music "in the Italian manner " by J. F. Lampe, and performed at the French Theatre in the Hay market, London, in 1732. Susanna Maria Arne ap- peared in the piece. See Summer's Tale. Amelrosa. Daughter of Alfonso, King of Castile, in M. G. LEWIS'S play of that name (q.v.). Amends for Ladies, with the Merry Pranks of Moll Cut-purse ; or, The Humours of Roaring-. A comedy by Nathaniel Field (q.v.), acted at Blackfriars, both by Prince Charles's and by the Lady Elizabeth's " servants." _ Ac- cording to Langbaine, this play was written as a species of apology for the lack of gallantry towards the fair sex shown in Field's 'A Woman's a Weathercock' (q.v.). It was acted apparently before November, 1611, and first printed in 1618 ; there is also an edition of 1639. The main plot concerns the love affairs of Tngen and Ladi/ Honor. ■ The lady's brother, Lord Proudly, desires her to marry an old count ; but, by a stratagem, she contrives to espouse her lover. There are two comic underplots, between Lady Perfect and her husband, and between Boidd and a widoAv. Moll Cut-purse is one of the personce, but has little to say or do. The ''roarers " figure in the third act. Amens, Dr. A character in F. A. Mar- : SHALL'S ' INIad as a Hatter ' (q.v.). America. A " mask" in one act, by J. H. Barber, written in 1805, but not acted. America, Young. See Young America. America Discovered ; or, Tam- many the Indian Chief. An opera by Mrs. Hatton, revived at New York in 1795, with Hallam as Columbics. American (An). A play by A. R. Haven, the hero of which is Abraham Lincoln (represented by Sol. Smith Russell). American (The). (1) An adaptation by AUGUSTIN DALY(g.v.)of Dumas./?^5"L'Etran- ghve,' produced in America in 1874, with C. F. Co^hlan, Miss F. Davenport, and -\Iiss Jeffreys Lewis in the chief parts. (2) A play in three acts, by Joseph Derrick, first performed at the Alexandra Palace, June 19, 1882. (3) A play in three acts, by G. M. Wood, first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, Glasgow, April 16, 1883. (4) A play in four acts, by Henry James, first performed at the Winter Gardens, South- port, on January 3, 1891 ; first performed in London at the Opera Comique, on September 26, 1891, with E. Compton as Christopher Hewman (the American), Miss E. Robins as Claire (Comtesse de Cintre), Miss Bateman (Mrs. Crowe) as the Marquise de Bellegarde, Miss L. Moodie as Mrs. Beard, Miss A. DairoUes as Noemie, etc. Araerican, The Pair. See Fair American. American Bride (An). A comedy- drama in four acts, by Sir William Young and Maurice Noel, first performed at the Lyric Theatre, London, on the afternoon of May 5, 1892, with Miss Janette Steer as the heroine (Stella Durand) ; revived' at Terry's Theatre in October, 1893. American Captives (The) ; or, The Siege of Tripoli. A play by James Elli- son, acted at Boston, U.S.A., in 1812. American Claimant (The). A play by W. D. Howells (q.v.), produced in America in 1SS7. American Cousin, Our. See Our American Cousin, American Grit. A play, founded by George Hoey on G. ManvUle Fenn's novel, ' The Vicar's People,' and first performed at New York in May, 1837, with H. T. Chanf rau in the leading part. American Heroine (The); or, In- gratitude Punished. A pantomime founded on the story of Incle and Yarico, and first performed at the Haymarket Opera House on March 19, 1792. American Indian (The); or, Vir- tues of Nature. An unacted play in three acts, by James Bacon ; founded on a poem by Mrs. Morton (of Boston, New England), called ' Ouabi ; or. The Virtues of Nature ; ' and printed in 1795. American Lady (An). A comedy by H. J. Byron (q.v.), first performed at the Cri- terion Theatre, London, on March 21, 1874, with Mrs. John Wood in the title part (Geor- gina Greville), the author as Harold Trivass, I). Fisher as Sir Ransorae Trivass, J. Clarke as Shrew, J. H. Barnes as Geoffrey Neville, Miss Jane Rignold as Lucy, and Miss Mont- gomery as Perkins ; revived at the same theatre in December, 1377, with C. Wyndham as Harold. American Minister (The). A play bv Paul M. Potter, first performed at the Star Theatre, New York, April 4, 1892. American Slaves; or, Love and Liberty. A comic opera, performed at Dumfries in 1792. Americans (The). A comic opera in three acts, by S. J. Arnold (q.v.)\ set to music . by King, and first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April 27, 1811, with Horn, Lovegrove, Mrs. Mountain,Mrs. Bland, AMERICANS ABROAD AMO Braham, Johnstone, Mathews, :Miss Kelly, Dowton, Knight, Oxberry, etc., in the cast. Americans Abroad; or, Notes and Notions. U) ^^ farcical comedy in two acts, by R. B. Peake {q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on Septem- ber 3, i82-4, with Mathews as Jonathan Doubikins, Bland as Delapierre, and Keeley and "O." Smith as Xatty and Jemmy Lark- spur. (2) ' Americans Abroad : ' a drama by ViCTORlEN Sardou, written originally in French, then adapted to the American stage, and first performed (in English) at the Lyceum Theatre, New York, on December 5, 1S92, with Miss Georgia Cayvan, Miss Eflae Shannon, Mrs. C Walcot, Herbert Kelcey, and W. J. Le Moyne in the principal parts. The Americans abroad (in France) are a mUlionnaire, his daughter, his niece, and a young artist. The niece, a heiress, desires to be loved for herself alone, and pretends that she has lost her money. Loving the artist, who is poor, she is about to avow herself, when an intriguing French baroness leads her to believe that her lover is a fortune-hunter. In the end, the artist and the heiress are brought together. Americans in Eng-land. A dramatic piece by Mrs. Susanna Rowson. Americans in Paris ; or, A G-ame of Dominoes. A comedy in two acts, by Henry Hurlbut, performed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, on May 8, 1S58, with Lester Wallack as Morria, Blake as Botherer, Davenportasiamoit performed at the Queen's Theatre, London, on October 19, 1872, with Miss WaUis ai- Mildred Clavering, G. F. Neville as Johr. Clavering, J. Ryder as Sir Robert Clavering. and G. Rignold in the title part ; producei at the Academy of Music, New York, ii 1875. Amos (the unacknowledged nephev of Sir Robert, and the real heir to tht baronetcy assumed by him) is in love witl' Sir Robert's daughter ^Mildred, who is her self in love with and beloved by J 'hi Clavering, Amos's half-brother. In the en. AMOUR A LA MODE AMY ROBSART Amos, for the sake of Mildred, confesses to havinjx killed Sir Robert with John's dagger. He is shot, and John, who has been arrested for the crime, is made happy with Mildred. Amour a la Mode (L') ; or, Love a la Mode. A farce in three acts, translated from the French by (it is believed) Hugh Kelly, and printed in 1760. See Amorous Orontus and LOYE A LA Mode. Amourettes (Les). A comic opera, the music by Dr. T. R. G. Jose, the libretto adapted from Planche's 'Somebody Else' iq.v.), by John Percivale ; performed in Dublin, April 14, 1885. Amours Maudits (Les). See Lost Hope. Amours of Billing-sgrate (The). See Cobler's Opera. Am.phares. A character in Home*s ias May (q.v.), founded on Sophocles, Seneca, etc., and published in 1631. (3) A tragedy by Alfieri (1782) ; translated into English by Lloyd (1815) and Bowring (1876). (4) A version of Sophocles' tragedy \q.v.) was performed at Covent Garden Theatre, London, in January, 1845, with Miss Vandenhoff in the title part, and her father as Creon, and with the aid of Mendelssohn's music. This represen- tation was witnessed by Edward Fitz- Gerald, who wrote of it : "" The music very fine, I thought. It was horribly ill sung by a chorus in shabby togas, who looked much more like dirty leakers than Theban (were they?) respectable old gentlemen. Mr. Vandenhoff sat on a marble camp-stool in the middle, and looked like one of Flax- man's Homeric kings— very well." Jliss Van- denhofl's Antigone was praised for "its classic simplicity, its grace, and pathos." The tragedy was played at Dublin in March, 1845, with Miss Helen Faucit in the title part ; at Palmo's Opera House, New York, in April, 1845, with G. Vandenhoff as Creon, Chanfrau as Hcemon, and I\Iiss Clarendon as the heroine ; and at the Crystal Palace, in December, 1875, with Miss Genevieve Ward in the leading role. De Quincey described Miss Faucit's J.niic/one as "the most fault- less of Grecian marbles." ' ' What perfection of Athenian sculpture ! the noble figure, the lordly arms, the fluent drapery ! What an unveiling of the ideal statuesque ! . . . Perfect she is in form ; perfect in attitude." (5) A burlesque by E. L. Bl.vnchard {q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon- don, in February, 1845, with G. Wild as Antigone and H. Hall as Creon. Antig-one, tlie Theban Princess. See Antigone. Antig-onus. (1) A Sicilian lord in ' The Winter's Tale' (q.v.), husband of Paulina (q.v.), and employed by Leontes (q.v.) to make away with his infant daughter. (2) The King in BEAUMONT and FLETCHER'S ' Hu- morous Lieutenant' (q.v.). Antiraony. (1) A character in T. DiBDiN's ' Will for the Deed ' (q.v). (2) An old bachelor in J. F. Smith's 'Lesson for Gentlemen' (q.v.). AntinoTis. Brother oi Annophel (q.v.), in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Laws of Candy ' (q.v.). Antiochus. (1) A tragedy by John iMOTTLEY (q.v.), first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on April 13, 1721, with Ryan in the title part, Mrs. Seymour as Stratonice, and Quin as Seleiichus. Antiochus, son of Seleu- chus (King of Syria), is in love with Stra- tonice, his father's wife, and she with him. The king overhears their mutual declara- tions, and surrenders Stratonice to his son. Stratonice, however, poisons herself. (2) A tragedy on the same subject by CHARLES Shuckborough, printed in 1740. Antiochus. (1) King of Antioch in • Pericles \(q.v.). (2) A Parthian commander in WiLKiNS'S ' Egyptian ' (q.v.). Antiochus the Great ; or, The Fatal Relapse. AtragedybyMrs. Jane Wiseman (q.v.), first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1702, with Powell as the hero, Mrs. Barry as Leodice, Mrs. Bowman as Berenice, and Booth as Ormades. Antiochus has seduced and deserted Leodice. He marries Berenice, daughter of the King of Egypt, who loves, and is loved by, Ormades, an Egyptian prince. Antiochus, after being reconciled to Leodice, surprises Berenice and Ormades together. Ormades kills himself, Leodice poisons herself and the king, and Berenice returns to Egypt. Antipholus. The name of two brothers ("of Ephesus" and "of Syracuse"), twin sons of jEgeon, in ' The Comedy of Errors ' q.v.).— " The one so like the other, As could not be distinguish'd but by names." Antipholus of Ei^hesus is man-ied to Adriana (q.v.). It is the likeness between the twins which causes most of the embroglio in the comedy. "Matters," says Schlegel, "are carried so far, that one of the two brothers is first arrested for debt, then confined as a lunatic, and the other is forced to take refuge in a sanctuary to save his life." Antipo. A tragedy by Francis Verney, " written in couplets and divided into five acts ; an unpublished quarto manuscript, formerly in the Lee Warley Collection, near Canterbury " (W. C. Hazlitt). Antipodes (The). (1) A comedy by Richard Brome (q.v.), acted "at Sahsbury Court, in Fleet Street," in 1638, and printed in 1640: " Peregrine has studied Mandeville and other writers of travels, till he is become disordered in his wits. "The Doctor, who undertakes to cure him, proposes that they should travel together to the Antipodes, telling him that the Antipodes under Eng- land are English ' To the exterior show : but in their manners. Their carriage, and condition of life, E.\tremely contrarj'.' ANTIPODES ANTONIO AND MELLIDA He then gives his patient a strong sleeping potion, and conveys him to the house of a lord. \Mien Peregrine Avakes, a play is acted before him to represent the manners of the Antipodes. Everything is done con- trary to what is usual ; two sergeants with draAvn swords run from a gentleman who wishes them to arrest him ; a lawyer refuses all fees ; a citizen makes a complaint of a gentleman who will not cuckold him, etc., etc. At the conclusion of the play. Peregrine recovers his senses. There is an under- plot, in which Joyless, Peregrine's father, is cured of his jealousy." See Leigh Hunt's * Wit and Humour ; ' also By-play ; Pere- grine. (2) ' The Antipodes ; or, The Ups and Downs of Life : ' a play in three acts, by Tom Taylor iq.v.), first performed at the Holbom Theatre on June 8, 18G7, with ]\Iiss Ellen Terry as Madeline, Mrs. P.aymond as Mrs. Seymour, Miss C. Saunders as Miskin (a groom), J. Vollaire as Seymour, E. Price as Hon. Sam Strayigeways, and S. Emery as Duck-fingered Joe. Antipodes, Tlie King: of the. A potentate so named figures in Carey's * Chrononhotonthologos ' (7. v.), where he is described as entering "walking on his hands." The Queen of Queerummania, who is enamoured of him, says to her atten- dant— "In what a charming attitude he stands I How prettily he foots it with his hands ! " Antiquary (The). (1) A comedy by Shackerly Marmion {q.v.), acted at the Cock-pit before May 12, 1G36, and printed in 1C41. " The play was revised before publica- tion, the scene being changed from Venice to Pisa, and Bravo's character being altered in iii. 1 and v. 3" (Fleay). "The character of the Antiquary, who cannot endure anything but what is old, is an admirable hint, original in its execution" (W. C. Hazlitt). The piece is included among Dodsley's old plays. The name of the xVntiquary is Veterans (q.v.). (2) A musical play, adapted by D. Terry (q.v.) from the novel of Sir Walter Scott, and first produced at Covent Garden on January 25, 1820, with Liston as Jonathan Oldbuck (the antiquary), Emery as Edie Ochiltree, Blan- chard as Caxon, Duruset as Lovel, Terry himself as Lord Glenallan, Abbott as Hector Maclntyre, Farley as Saunders Mucklebackit, Chapman as Sir Arthur Wardour, Mrs. Faucit as Elspeth of the Craighurnfoot, Miss ■Stephens as Miss Isabella Wardour, Miss ilatthews as Miss Maria Maclntyre, and Mrs. Davenport as Miss Grizelda Oldbuck. — A dramatization of Scott's novel Avas per- formed at New York in May, 1822, with CoweU as Oldbuck and May wood as Ochil- tree. Antiquity. A farce in two acts, " by a young gentleman of the Inner Temple ; " imacted, and published in ISOS. "The object of it was to ridicule the taste for a-ntiquity, when it goes to unreasonable lengths." See the ' Biographia Dramatica' <1S12). Antoine. The dumb sailor-boy in W. J. Lucas's ' Death Plank' (q.v.). Antoine ; ou, Les Trois Epoques. See Past and Present. Antoine the Savag-e. A melodrama, played at New York in December, 1S29. Antoinette. The heroine of Offen- bach's ' La Creole ' (q.v.). Antoinette, Marie. See Marie An- toinette. Antoinette Rigraud. A comedy in three acts, translated by Ernest Warren (q.v.) from the French play of the same name by Eaymond Deslandes (Comddie Fran^aise, September SO, 18S5), and first performed at the St. James's Theatre, Lon- don, on February 13, 1886, with Mrs. Kendal in the title part, W. H. Kendal as Henri de Tourvel, J. Hare as General de Prdfond, J. H. Barnes as Rigaud, Miss Linda Dietz as Marie de Prefond, etc. ; performed at Bos- ton, U.S.A., in March, 1877, with Miss Evesson as Antoinette. See Keepsake, The. Antonio. (1) The " merchant of Venice " in Shakespeare's play (q.v.), whose bond with Shylock forms the main basis of the drama. He makes his entry in the first scene of the play. Schlegel characterizes his "melancholy and self-sacrificing equanimity" as "affectingly sublime." (2) The "seacap- taiu" in 'Twelfth Night' (g.r.), who saves Sebastian (q.v.) from drowning on the coast of lUyria. (3) The usurping brother of the rightful Duke of Milan, in 'The Tempest' (q.v.). (4) Father of Proteus, in 'The Two Gentlemen of Verona' (q.v.). (5) Kinsman of Petruccio, in Beaumont and Fletcher's • Chances ' (q.v.). (6) The steward, in Web- ster's ' Duchess of Malfy' (q.v.). (7) Father of Carlos (q.v.) and Clodio (q.v.), in Cibber's ' Love Makes a Man' (q.v.). Antonio ; or,The Soldier's Keturn. A tragedy in five acts, by W. Godwin (q.v.), performed at Drury Lane, for the first and only time, on December 13, 1800, with Kemble as the hero, :\Irs. Siddons as Helena, Barry- more as Don GuzmayuWronghton as the King of Arragon, and C Kemble as Don Henry. Antonio is the brother of Helena, and o'n his return from the wars is angry to find that his sister, who had been betrothed by his father to Jiodrigo, has been married to Don Guzman. He appeals to the King, and, receiving no satisfaction, forces Helena into a convent. She is rescued thence by her husband and Do7i Henry, but is eventually stabbed by Antonio. Antonio, Don. A poor nobleman, in love with Louisa (q.v.), in Sheridan's ' Du- enna ' (q.v.). Antonio and Mellida. A drama bv John :Marston (q.v.), acted by the children of St. Paul's in or before 1602, and printed in that year. Lamb said of this play that "the situation of Andrugiosind Lucio," where An- drugio, Duke of Genoa, banished his country, ANTONIO AND VALLIA 64 ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA with the loss of a son supposed drowned, is cast upon the territory of his mortal enemy the Duke of Venice, with no attendants but Lucio, an old nobleman, and a page, "re- sembles that of Lear and Kent in that king's distresses. Andrur/w, like Lear, mani- fests a king-like impatience, a turbulent greatness, an affected resignation." Hazlitt describes the play as "a tragedy of con- siderable force and pathos, but in the most critical parts the author frequently breaks off, or flags ^^-ithout any apparent reason but want of interest in his subject ; and, further, the best and most affecting situa- tions and bursts of feeling are too evidently imitations of Shakespeare." A sequel to this drama was written by Marstox, under the title of ' Antonio's Revenge.' This also was acted by the children of St. Paul's (in 1600), and printed in 1602. Lamb says that '• the prologue to the second part, for its passionate earnestness, and for the tragic note of preparation which it sounds, might have preceded one of those old tales of Thebes or Pelops' line, which Milton has so highly commended." " This play," says Fleav, "was a 'revenge for a father' play, like Shakespeare's 'Hamlet' and Chettle's ' Hoffman.' Revenge plays were very popu- lar just then." Antonio and Vallia. A comedy as- cribed to Philip Massinger (q.v.), the manuscript of which is supposed to have been destroyed by "VVarburton's servant. It was probably an adaptation of a play by Dekker (circa 1590). Antonio of Kag-usa. "One of the characters in a titleless comedy in the Bodleian (Rawl. Poet. 93)" (W. C. Hazlitt). Antonio's Revenge. See Antonio AND Mellida. Antonius. A tragedy by Mart, Coun- tess of Pejibroke ; translated from the French of R. Garnier, and published in 1592. It was reprinted in 1595 under the name of •Antony.' Its "most remarkable feature," says Collier, " is that all the principal speeches are in blank verse, so that it is an early attempt in that kind. The choruses, in various lyrical measures, are usually well rendered." Antony, Mark, in Shakespeare's 'Julius Cfesar' (q.v.), is mainly remarkable for his well-known speech over the body of Caesar, commencing— "Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears" (act iii. sc. 2). Antony reappears in ' Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.) as the hero of that tragedy. "In Antony," says Schlegel, " we observe a mixture of great qualities, weaknesses, and vices, violent ambition, and ebullitions of magnanimity— we see him now sinking into luxurious enjoyment, and then, nobly ashamed of his own aberrations, manning himself to resolutions not unworthy of himself, which are always shipwrecked against the seductions of an artful woman. It is Hercules in the chains of Omphale, drawn from the fabulous heroic ages into history, and invested with the Roman cos- tume." Hazlitt speaks of "the irregular gi-andeur of the soul of Mark Antony." "Antony," says Hallam, "was given to the dramatist by history, and he has but em- bodied in his own vivid colours the irregular mind of the triumvir, ambitious and daring against all enemies but himself." Antony is a prominent character also in the Coun- tess of Pembroke's 'Antonius' (q.v.), in Daniel's 'Cleopatra' (q.v.), in Dryden's 'AU for Love' (q.v.), in 'Caesar in Egypt, (q.v.). and in E. Stirling's 'Serpent of the Nile ' (q.v.). Antony and Cleopatra. (1) A tragedy by William Shakespeare (q.v.), entered in the Stationers' Register under date May 20, 1608, and first printed in the folio of 1623. The Countess of Pembroke had printed in 1592 her tragedy of ' Antonius ' (q.v.), and Daniel had published in 1594 his tragedy of ' Cleopatra ' (q.v.), but Shakespeare owed nothing to either of these plays, his chief authority being the biography of Mark Antony in Roger North's translation of Plutarch's ' Lives.' " ' Antony and Cleo- patra,'" says Schlegel, "may in some mea- sure be considered as a continuance of 'Julius Caesar' (g.w.)— the two principal characters of Antony and Augustus are equally sustained in both pieces. ' Antony and Cleopatra ' is a play of great extent ; the progress is less simple than in ' Julius Caesar.' . . . The principal personages are most emphatically distinguished by linea- ment and colouring, and powerfully arrest the imagination." Coleridge doubted "whe<- ther the ' Antony and Cleopatra ' is not, in aU exhibitions of a giant power in its strength and vigour of maturity, a formidable rival of 'Macbeth,' 'Lear,' 'Hamlet,' and 'OtheUo.' . . . This play should be perused in mental contrast with 'Romeo and Juliet,' as the- love of passion and appetite opposed to the love of affection and instinct. ... Of all Shakespeare's historical plays, ' Antony and Cleopatra' is by far the most powerful. There is not one in which he has followed history so minutely, and yet there are few in which he impresses the notion of angelic strength so much, perhaps none in which he expresses it more stronglj'." Coleridge- adds : "If you would feel the judgment as well as the genius of Shakespeare in your heart's core, compare this astonishing drama with Dryden's ' All for Love ' " (q.v.). "This," says Hazlitt, " is a very noble play. Though not in the first class ©f Shakespeare's pro- ductions, it stands next to them, and is, we- think, the finest of his historical plays. . . . "What he has added to the actual story is- upon a par -nith it. His genius was, as it were, a match for history as well as nature, and could grapple at will with either. The play . . . presents a fine picture of Roman pride and Eastern magnificence. . . . The characters breathe, move, and live." The first revival of the play, after the Restoration, was in January, 1759, when, adapted by ANYSIDOS 65 APARTMENTS Capell and Garrick, it was produced by the latter at Drury Lane. Garrick was the An- tony and Mrs. Yates the Cleopatra, and the production had a run of six nights only. The tragedy was next revived at Covent Garden in November, 1813, having been -prepared for the purpose by J. P. Kemble, who interpolated whole passages from ' All for Love.' C. M. Young and Mrs. Faucit then played the title parts, Mrs. Siddons having declined to perform that of Cleo- patra, on the ground that "she should hate herself if she were to play it as it ought to be played." Abbott was Octa- vius and Terry Ventidius. Yet another amalgam of Shakespeare and Dryden was produced at Drury Lane in November, 1S33, -with Macready as Antony, and Brindal, Diddear, and G. Bennett in other parts. The first American performance of the play took place at New York in April, 1846, with G. Vandenhoff as Antony and Mrs. Bland as Cleopatra. In October, 1849, Phelps re- stored the text to uniformity with the ori- ginal, and represented the tragedy at Sad- ler's Wells, with himself as the hero, Miss Glyn as the heroine, H. Marston as Pom- peius, and G. Bennett as Enoharbas. At the Standard in March, 1855, Henry Mar- ston was the Antony. The play was repre- sented at the Broadway Theatre, New York, in March, 1859, with Eddy as Antony, J. W. Howe as Octavius, Mdme. Ponisi as Cleo- patra, and Mrs. G. C. Germon as Charmian. In 1866 it was revived at Manchester by Charles Calvert, who played Antony to the Cleopatra of his wife. In May, 1867, it was revived at the Princess's, with H. Loraine as Antony, H. Forrester as Octavius, E. F. Edgar as Pompcius, and Miss Glyn again as Cleopatra. It was next reproduced at Drury Lane in 1873, when the leading r6les ivere performed by J. R. Anderson and ^liss Wallis, Ccesar being played by H. Sinclair, Enoharhus by J. Ryder, Eros by Howard Russell, anil Charmian by Miss Edith Stuart. The text had been edited and re- duced to four acts by Andrew Halliday, and the scenery was by W. R. Beverley. In 1890 the tragedy was represented at the Princess's, London, with Mrs. Langtry as Cleopatra, C. Coghlan as Antony, F. K. Cooper as Octavius, H. Stirling as Enobar- btis, H. Loraine as Proculeius, Miss F. Ivor as Octavia, and Miss A. INIcNeill as Char- mian. 'Antony and Cleopatra' has been several times burlesqued ; first by F. C. BuRNAND, at the Haymarket, in November, 1866, under the title of ' Antony and Cleo- patra ; or. Her Story and His Story, related in a modern Nilo-metre,' the chief parts being taken by C. J. Mathews and his wife, Compton, Rogers, Clark. ]Miss Fanny Wright, and Miss Caroline Hill ; next at Jersey, in 1870, by J. F. Draper ; again by F. C. BURNAND, under the title of 'Our Own Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.); and again, by W. Sapte, jun., under the title of ' Mdlle. Cleopatra ' (q.v.). See Antony, Mark; Cesar ; Charmian ; Cleopatra ; Dola- BELLA ; Enobarbus ; Octavia ; Pompey. <2) A tragedy in rhyme, by Sir Charles Sedley (q.v.), acted at Dorset Garden in 1677, with Betterton as Antony, Crosby as Thyreus, Medbourne as Canidius, and J^Irs. Mary Lee as Cleopatra. Mrs. Betterton, JNirs. Hughes, Mrs. Gibbs, Sandford, and Harris were also in the cast. For the plot Sedley was in no way indebted to Shakespeare. Thyreus is in love with Cleopatra; Antony is jealous of him, and orders him to be whipped. Canidius protests against such treatment of an ambassador. Thyreus and Antony fight, and the former is killed. (3) A tragedy by Henry Brooke ; unacted, and printed among the author's works (1778). (4) A burletta in one act, by Charles Selby (g.r.), first performed at the Adelphi The- atre, London, on November 7, 1842, with Wright as Antony, " a gentleman in town," and Miss Murray as Cleopatra (a grisette) ; revived at the Adelphi in October, 1843, with INIiss Woolgar as Cleopatra ; produced at New York in 1843, with Mitchell and Mrs. Timm. To this piece Selby vreotQ a sequel, called (5) 'Antony and Cleopatra Married and Settled,' produced at the Adelphi on December 4, 1843, with Wright and Miss Woolgar in the title parts. Anysidos, Marquis of. The major- domo in PLANCHli'S ' Invisible Prince ' (q.v.). Anything" for a Chang-e. A one-act comedy by Charles Shirley Brooks (q.v.), produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on June 7, 1848, " with Charles Mathews [as Swoppington] and a Miss ' Polly ' Marshall, who played a servant-girl [Eliza] inimitably" (Edmund Yates). Miss Fitzwilliam was the Margaret Honeyball with whom Swoj-)- pington (g.v.)— who is ready to " swop" any- thing for a change— is in love. Harley was the Paul Honeyball and Mrs. Leigh :Murray the Mrs. Honeyball. The comedy was played at New York in 1849. Swoppington was one of John Clarke's favourite parts. Anjrthing- for a Quiet Life. A co- medv by Thomas Middleton (q.v.), as- cribed by Fleay to 1623, acted at Black- friars, and printed in 1662. " There is very good stuff in the plot or gi-oundwork," says Swinburne, "but the workmanship is hardly worthy of the material. Mr. Bullen ingeniously and plausibly suggests the part- nership of Shirley in this play, but the con- ception of the character in which he discerns a likeness to the touch of the lesser drama- tist is happier and more original than such a comparison would indicate." An3rtliing- New ? A musical farce in two acts, the words by I. POCOCK (q.v.), the music bv C. Smith ; first performed at the Lvceum Theatre on July 1, ISll, with Miss Kelly as Fanny Transit. Among the personce are Jeremiah Babble and 3Irs. Anti- dote. Apsecides. Brother of lone in tho adaptations and burlesques of ' The Last Days of Pompeii' (g.r.). "Apartments." A " piece of extrava- gance" in one act, by William Brough APELLES APOSTATE (q.v.), first performed at the Princess's The- atre, London, on May 14, 1S31, with Keeley as Mr. Tij^pitiu ^Nlrs. Alfred Wigan as Mrs. Tippity, Mrs. Keeley as Clementina, and J. F. Cat'hcart as a Scotchman. Apelles. A character in Lyly's ' Alex- ander and Campaspe' {q.v.). It is he who sings the song beginning— " Cupid and my Campaspe play'd" {q.v.). Apemantus. A "churlish philosopher" in 'Timon of Athens' {q.v.); first seen in act i. sc. 2, where he " comes, dropping after all, discontentedly, like himself." Schlegel, in his ' Dramatic Art,' refers to "the incomparable scene [act iv. sc. 3] where the cynic Apemantus visits Timon in the wilderness. They have a sort of competi- tion with each other in their trade of misan- thropy." "The soul of Diogenes," says llazlitt, in the 'Characters,' "appears to have been seated on the lips of Apemantus. The churlish profession of misanthropy in the cynic is contrasted with the profound feeling of it in Timon." Apewell. A character in Colman ju- nior's 'New Hay in the Old Market' {q.v.), played by Caulfield, and introduced as a vehicle for his imitations. Aphrodisial (The) ; or, Sea Feast. A drama by Wm. Percy (1602), preserved in manuscript in the Duke of Devonshire's library. Apiolin, Miss. See Matthews, Mrs. Frank. Artocryphal Ladies (The). A comedy by M'argaret, Duchess of Newcastle (g.i-.). " This play is, as many others of her pieces, irregular and unfinished, and is divided into twenty-three scenes, but not reduced to the form of acts " (' Biographia Dramatica '). Apollo figures in a large number of dra- matic pieces. He is the chief personage in the following :—(l) 'Apollo Shroving : ' a comedy written by William Hawkins, schoolmaster of Hadleigh, in Suffolk, for the use of his scholars, and acted by them on Shrove Tues- day, February 6, 1626-7 ; printed in 1627. (2) ' Apollo turn'd Stroller ; or, Thereby hangs a Tale : ' a burletta by Sir John Oldmixon, first performed at the Royalty Theatre, Lon- don, on December 3, 17S7. "(3) 'Apollo in New York :' a local satire by Dion Bouci- CAULT {q.v.), produced at Burtons Theatre, New York, in December, 1S54, -with Burton as Jupiter. Apollo also plays a leading part in O'Hara's ' Midas ' {q.v.), Graves's 'Cupid' {q.v.), Beckett's ' Son of the Sun ' {q.v.), Tom Taylor's ' Diogenes and his Lantern ' {q.v.), H. J. Byron's ' Orpheus and Eury- dice' {q.v.), F. C. Burnand'S 'Venus and Adonis' {q.v.), E.. Eeece's 'Prometheus' {q.v.), and the same writer's ' Romulus and Remus' {q.v.), in which he is "a sort of Chorus, commenting on the action and interposing in it." See the following paragraph. ApoUo and Daphne. The legend of which these are the subject has suggested the following pieces: — (1) A drama liv Thomas Heywood {q.v.), printed in his ' Pleasant Dialogues and Dramas ' (1637). (2) A masque .by J. Hughes {q.v.), set to music by Pepusch, and performed at Drury Lane in 1716. (3) A pantomime bv Joh.v Thurmond, acted at Drury Lane in 1725. (4) A pantomime.written by Lewis Theo- bald {q.v.), and composed by Rich, per- formed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1726. (5) An opera, printed in 1734. Apollo in New York. See Apollo. Apollo Shroving-. See Apollo. Apollo turn'd Stroller. See Apollo. Apollo's Holiday. See Appeal to THE Muses. Apollodoros. A character in Professor Aytoun's ' Firmilian' {q.v.). Apology for Actors (An), "con- taining three briefe treatises : 1. Their Anti- quity. 2. Their ancient Dignity. 3. The true use of their Quality." This "ingenious and amusing " work was ■«'ritten by Thomas Heywood {q.v.), and pubUshed in 1612. It consists only of forty- six pages, of which fourteen are preliminary. It has been re- printed of late years by the Shakspere So- ciety, and in Somers' ' Collection of Tracts.' See'" ALL the World's a Stage." Apolog-y for the Life of Mr. CoUey Gibber, Comedian, and Late Paten- tee of the Theatre Royal (An), " with an Historical View of the Stage during his Own Time, Written by Himself," and pub- lished originally in 1740. This delightful melange of gossip and criticism was re- printed in 1740, in 1750, in 1756, in 1822 (edited by E. Bellchambers), in 1S26 (in Hunt's series of autobiographies), and in 1S89 (edited, with notes and supplement, by R. W. Lowe). It has been highly praised by the best judges. Swift, it is recorded, was so pleased with it that he sat up all night to read it ; whereupon, on hear- ing which, we read, Gibber shed tears of joy. " You will allow," said Boswell to Dr. John- son, "Gibber's 'Apology' to be well done.'" " Very well done, to be sure, sir," replied the' sage ;'" that book is a striking proof of the justice of Pope's remark — ' Each might his several province well command. Would all but stoop to what they understand.' " Hazlitt describes Gibber as "one of thei most amusing coxcombs . . . teeming with; animal spirits, uniting the self-sufficiency- of youth with the garrulity of age." The narrative in the ' Apology ' begins with the Restoration, and ends with Gibber's re- tirement from the histrionic profession ir 1733. Apostate (The); or, The Moors ir Spain. A tragedy in five acts, by Richari Sheil {q.v.) — the overture and incidenta" music by Bishop— first performed at Govern Garden on May 3, 1S17, Avith G. Kemble as Hemeya, Miss O'Neill as Florinda, INIurra} APOSTLES APPIUS AND VIRGINIA as Alvarez, Macreacly as Pescara (q.v.), and Young as Malec. Macready, in his Diary, says Young "acted admirably," Kemble I was " spirited, chivalrous, and gallant," and i Miss O'Neil " beautiful." Hemeya, a Moor, is in love -with Florinda, the daughter of ' Alvarez, and having saved her life is pro- ; mised her hand. But the King of Spain t decrees that no Moor shall marry a Chris- tian under pain of death, and Hemeya, for the sake of Florinda, becomes an apos- tate to his religion. He fights with Pescara, governor of Granada (who loves Florinda), and is taken prisoner, whilst Florinda, to save his life, marries Pescara. Hemeya is rescued by Malec, another Moor ; Pescara is killed, Florinda dies of the poison she has taken, and Hemeya commits suicide. The tragedy was first played in New York in 1817, ■With Mrs. Barnes as Florinda; it was revived there in 1823, with Mrs. J. R. Duff as Florinda, J. R. Duff as Malec, Maywood as Pescara, and E. Simpson as Heineya ; in 1824 with Booth as Pescara and Conway as Hemeya, and again with H. Wallack as Pescara; also, at the Marylebone Theatre, London, in 1852, with M'Kean Buchanan in the title part. (2) ' The Apostate ; or, Atlantis Destroyed : ' a tragedy in five acts, by John Galt, printed in 1814. Apostles (The) figure in the thirty- ninth and fortieth pageants of the Coventry plays ((/.v.). The Holy Spirit descends upon them, and some Jews, observing its effect upon them, imagine they are intoxicated. "Muste in here brayn so sclyly doth crepe, That thei chateryii and chateryn as they jays were." " Muste " means " new wine." See Collier's * Dramatic Poetry.' Apothecary (The), in 'Romeo and Juliet,' reappears in the burlesques of the tragedy by Dowling and Halliday. Apotheosis of Punch (The). A sa- tirical masque, " with a INIonody on the Death of the late Master Punch. Acted at the Patagonian Theatre, Exeter 'Change." This was an attempt to ridicule Sheridan's monody on Garrick's death. It was printed in 1779, and was attributed to Leonard M'Nally. "Apparel oft proclaims the man (The)."—' Hamlet,' act i. sc. 3 {Polonius). Apparition (The). (1) A comedy trans- lated from the ' Mostellaria ' of Plautus, by Richard Warner {q.v.), and printed in 1772. (2) A musical romance in two acts, by J. C Cross, first performed at the PLaymarket Theatre on September 3, 1794, with a cast mcludmg C. Kemble, Bannister, iun., Suett, Johnstone, Mrs. Harlowe, and Miss De Camp. (3) ' The Apparition ; or, The Sham NNedding:' a comedy by "a gentleman of Oxford," first performed at Drury Lane on November 25, 1713, with Norris as Sir Tris- tram Gettall, Pack as Plotwell, Keen as Dawhwell, Booth as young Welford, Bowman as old Welford, Spiller as Foist, and Mrs. Mountfort as Aurelia. The "sham wed- ding" is that of Sir Tristram to Aurelia; she has already been espoused by young Welford, and keeps Sir Tristram at a dis- tance. The "apparition" is that of old Welford to the knight, who has forged his name to a deed. Plotwell assists Aurelia, and Dawhwell aids Sir Trisfram throughout. Appeal (The). An anonymous tragedy in three acts, produced at Edinburgh in 1818, with Yates as Helgert, Mrs. Renaud as Isbel, Mrs. H. Siddons as Ariette, and Putnam as Ethelstane. Helgert, accused by Isbel of the murder of her husband, in- voluntarily confesses his gTiilt, on which Ariette, who is betrothed to Ethelstane, son of Helgert, " dies -without speaking." ' The Appeal ' was altered from ' The Witness,' a play printed in the ' Rejected Theatre.' Appeal to the Muses (An); or, Apollo's Decree. A dramatic and mu- sical prelude, written by James Cawdell, and performed at the opening of several pro- vincial theatres, being produced at one of them, in 1792, under the title of ' Apollo's Holiday.' Appeal to the Public (An), by John OxENFORD {q.v.), was performed at New York in 1S49. Felix Rosemary, in this play, was in the repertory of Lester Wallack. Appearance is Ag-ainst Them. A farce by Mrs. lNCHBALD(g.i).), first performed at Covent Garden on October 22, 1785, with a cast including Quick, Edwin, and others. The plot turns on the number of hands through which the heroine's shawl passes. Among the personce are Lord Lighthead, Clownhy (a country gentleman). Fish (a lady's maid). Miss Angle, Lady Loveall, and Lady Mary Magpie. The piece was revived in 1804, under the title of 'Mistake upoa Mistake.' Appearances. A comedy in two acts, by J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.), first per- formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on May 28, 1860, with J. Clarke as Montgomery de Courcy Plantagenet Puf, H. J. Turner as Mr. Carney Pillgild, Parselle as Vincent, W. U. Swanborough as Florid, Poynter as Var- nish, Miss E. Bufton as Mrs. Mowbray, Miss Neville as Cecilia Vivid, Miss C. Saunders as May Marigold, and Mrs. Selby as Mrs. Janus. "Appetite had grown by what it fed on, As if increase of."—' Hamlet,' act i. sc. 2. Appiani. A character (1) in Thomp- son's ' Emilia Galotti ' {q.v.) and (2) in ♦ The Woman of the People' {q.v.). Appius, in Crisp's 'Virginia' {q.v.), differs from the Appius of other dramatists in that he offers marriage to Virginia. See Appius and Virginia. Appius and Virginia. The famous story of which Appius, Virginia, and Vir- ginius are the leading personages, has been dramatized in the following works :— (1) ' Appius and Virginia : ' a " tragical comedy," by " R. B." [ ? Richard Bower], " wherein" APPLAUD 6S APPROBATION \ (according to the title-page) "is lively ex- pressed a rare example of the vertue of Chastitie by Virginias constancy, in 'n-ish- ing rather to be slaine at her o-v\Tie fathers hands, than to be defloured by the wicked judge Apius." This work, -which was printed m 1575, is not divided into acts, and is, in fact, less of a "tragical comedy" than of a moral plav, being a singular combination of history and allegory. (2) ' Appius and Vir- ginia : ' a tragedy by John Webster (q.v.), ascribed by Fleay to circa 1G09, printed in 1654, and described by HazUtt as "a good, sensible, solid tragedy, cast in a framework of the most approved models, with little_ to blame or praise in it, except the affecting speech of Virg-iniusio Firc^inmjust before he kills her." The play was afterwards adapted by Betterton, and produced at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1670, as ' The Roman Virgin ; or, The Unjust Judge' {q.v.). Betterton was Virginius, ilrs. Betterton Virginia, and Harris Appius. Characters called Comfort, Conscience, Doctrine, Reward, and Rumour are introduced, and are employed to punish Ajipius and console Virginia. There is also a "vice" caUed Haphazard.^ who supplies what may be called the comic element. As specimens of the anachronisms in the work, it may be mentioned that " Virginia and her mother go to ' church,' and Virginius, like a sound orthodox believer, explains the creation of man and woman according to the Book of Genesis." Virginius, at Vir- ginia's own desire, strikes off her head and presents it to Ajypius. (3) ' Appius and Virginia : ' a tragedy by John Dennis (q.v.), produced at Drury Laiie on February 5, 1709, with Booth as Appius, INIrs. Rogers as Vir- ginia, Betterton as Virginius, and Wilks as Icilius. "It was," says Button Cook, "a hopelessly dull tragedy, which not even the united exertions of Booth, Wilks, and Bet- terton could keep upon the stage for more than four nights." It was into this play that Dennis introduced a mode of producing stage thunder by means of " troughs of wood with stops' in them." " Whether," says a contemporary wi-iter, "Mr. Dennis was the inventor of that improvement I know not, but it is certain that, being once at a tragedy of a new author, he fell into a great passion at hearing some, and cried, "Sdeath ! that is my thunder.'" See, also, Dibdin's ' History of the Stage.' (4) ' Virginia ' iq.v.), by Henry Crisp (i754). (5) ' Appius : ' a tragedy by John Moncrief {q.v.), performed at Covent Garden on March 6, 1755, with Sparks as Appius, Sheridan as Virginius, and Mrs. Bellamy as Virginia. The failure of this play was attributed by the author to Sheridan, who had deprived it of its fifth act. In this tragedy Appius makes an unsuccessful attempt upon the virtue of Camilla, Virginia's guardian, and in the end takes poison. (6) 'Virginia' \q.v.), bv Frances Brooke (1756). (7) * Virginia ' {q.v.). by J. Bidlake (ISOO). (8) ' Virginius ; or. The FaU of the Decemviri ' (1S20). (9) ' Virginius' (q.v.), by J. SHERIDAN Knowles ClS-20) ; and (10) ' Virginia' (q.v.), by J. Howard Payne. "Applaud th.ee to the very echo, I ■would." — ' Macbeth,' act v. sc. 3. Apple-Blossoms. A comedy by James Albery (g.r.), first performed at the Vaude- ville Theatre, London, on September 9, 1871, with W.Farrenas Captain Penryn, LinRayne as Tom Penryn, T. Thome as the Great Baggs, D. James as Bob Prout, and Miss Amy Fawsitt SiS Jenny Prout; played in the Eng- lish provinces in 18S6, with Miss G. Warden as Jenny, E. S. Gofton, M. M. Mellor, and J. H. Rogers. Tom, the Captain's son, is in love with Jenny, the young mistress of the Apple Tree Inn ; but the "Captain opposes the match, and Tom, disinherited, goes off to sea. Meanwhile the Cap/tain, falling iU at the inn, is so admirably nursed by Jenny (whom he does not know as his son's sweet- heart), that he determines to adopt her as his daughter. In due course Tom returns, and, after explanations, the lovers are made happy. See Baggs the Great ; Prout, Bob. Appleby, Thomas Bilton. Actor ; made his first appearance on the stage at Dmidee in 1S66, his London debut taking place in 1S74. He " created " the following, among many parts : — Sadlove, in Boucicault's ' Elfie,' King Kokatoo in Burnand's bur- lesque, the Governor in ' The Broken Branch,' Rerny in ' The Woman of the People,' and Matthew Lambert in ' Married, not Mated.' He played Moses in ' The School for Scandal' at the Strand Theatre, London, in 1SS6. Appleface. A character in Jerrold's ' Catspaw' (q.v.). Apples. A comedy in one act, by Julian Sturgis (q.v.), performed at Lad- broke Hall, London, on November 28, 1887. "Apples even ripe below."— Beau- mont and Fletcher, ' Valentinian' (song), Appletree. A character in Farquhar's 'Recruiting Ofiicer' (q.v.). Apprentice (The). A farce in two acts, by Arthur Murphy (^7. 1-.), first performed at Drury Lane on January 2, 1756, with Wood- ward as Dick, and other parts by Yates, Jefferson, and Miss Minors. The prologue was by Garrick. " The intention of this farce," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' ",is entirely to expose the absurd passion so prevalent amongst apprentices, and other young people, who assemble themselves . . . under the title of Spouting Clubs," etc. It was first played in Ameri'ca in 1768. Dick was one of the parts of J. R. Duff. Apprentice's Prize (The). A plav by Richard Bro:me (q.v.) and Thomas Hey- W'OOD (g.r.), entered on the books of the Stationers' Company on April 8, 1654. " Must date 1634, the only year in which these authors wrote for the same company " (Fleay). Apprentices to Actors. See Actino as a Profession. "Approbation from Sir Hubert APRIL DAY ARANZA Stanley is praise indeed."— Morton, ' Cure for the Heartache,' act v. sc. 2. April Day. A burletta in three acts, by K. O'Haka (q.v.), first performed at the Hay- market on August 22, 1777, with Bannister as Bon Buffalo, L)u Bellamy as Count Folatre, and Edwin as Davo. Cephisa is in love -with the Count, but bound by her father's will to marry Buffalo, unless he consents to her marrying some one else. Davo, tlie Count's servant, personates an astrologer, and persuades Buffalo that whosoever marries Ce2)hisa first shall die. Tlie Don tliereupon agi'ees to give way in favour of the Count, and is then laughed at, as an April fool, for his pains. April Folly (An). A comedy in one act, adapted (from a novelette) by J. P. HURST (q.v.), and produced at the Olympic Theatre, London, on April 6, 1885. April Fool; or, The Follies of a Nig-lit. A farce by Leonard M'NALLY(g.u.), first performed at Covent Garden on April 1, 1786. The story was used by Johnson in his 'Country Lasses,' Middleton in his 'Mad "World,' Bullock in 'The Slip,' and Kenrick in ' The Spendthrift,' all of which .see. (2) ' An April Fool : ' a farce in one act, by W. Brough (q.v.) and A. Halliday (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on April 11, 1864, with Miss Lydia Thompson as Diana Oldbuck, and R. Roxby and G. Belraore in other parts. See Davenport Done. April Rain. A comedy in prologue and two acts, by LEONARD S. Outram (q.v.), performed at the Theatre Royal, Reading, on May 10, 18S6. April Showers. A comedy in three acts, by F. Romer and G. S. Bellamy, first Serformed at Terry's Theatre, London, on anuary 24, 1889, with a cast including INIiss M. Millett, Miss R. Norreys, W. Everard, L. Waller, and A. Chevalier ; revived at the Comedy Theatre in April, 1890, with Miss M. Millet and W. Everard in their original rdles, Nutcombe Gould, Reeves Smith, Miss A. Hughes, Miss E. Brunton, etc. April the First. King of Tomfoolery in Planches ' Cymon and Iphigenia' (q.v.). Actuariura Theatre. See London Theatres. Aquila, Serafino del'. A young poet in Tom Taylor's ' Fool's Revenge ' (q.v.). Arab (The). A tragedy by Richard Cumberland (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on March 8, 1785, with Henderson as the Arab, Alcanor, and other parts by Farren, Lewis, Wroughton, and JNIiss Younge. Alcanor, Avho is in love with Glaphyra, and believes himself to be the son of Herod Agrippa, comes from Arabia to Judfea to claim the throne ; but, dis- covering that he is the son of Barzilla, that Herodian is the real heir, and that Glaphyra loves Herodian, he resigns the kingdom to the last-named, and stabs himseK. Arab Boy (The). A drama in which Mdme. Celeste appeared successfully, both in England and America. Arabbo. A character in Reynolds' •Caravan' (q.v.). Arabella. The heiress in Knight's 'Honest Thieves' (g. v.). Arabia Sitiens ; or, A Dream of a Dry Year. A tragi-cnmedy by W. Percy (160l), preserved in manuscript in the Duke of Devonshire's library. Arabian Nig-ht (An). (1) A comedy adapted from Von Moser's ' Haroun al Ra- schid' by AuGUSTiN iDaly (q.v.), and first performed in New York in 1879, with Miss Ada Rehan (Kate Spinlde), Miss Catherine Lewis, C. Leclercq, and John Drew in the cast. (2) ' The Arabian Nights : ' a comedy adapted by Sydney Grundy from Von Moser's work, and first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, on November 5, 18S7, with W. S. Penley as Joshua Gilli- irand and Miss Lottie Venne as Rosa Colom- bier; produced at Daly's Theatre, New York, in March, 1890, under the title of ' Haroun al Raschid and his ]Mother-in- Law,' and with a cast including John Drew and ;Mrs. Gilbert ; revived at the Comedy Theatre, London, November 5, 1892. -- • Haroun Alraschid ' has also been adapted under the title of ' The Skeleton' (q.v.). Arable, Captain. Brother of Jack, and son of Alderman, Arable, in F. REY- NOLDS' 'Speculation' (q.v.). Arac. Son of Kiyij Gama, in Gilbert and Sullivan's ' Princess Ida' (q.v.). Arajoon ; or, The Conquest of Mysore. An Oriental drama in three acts, by J. Stirling Coyne (q.v.), first per- formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, October 22, 1838, with a cast including Mrs. Yates, Yates, Saville, J. Webster, Lyon, and Cullingford. Aram, Eugrene. See Eugene Aram. Araminta. (1) Wife of Moneytrap (q.v.), and friend of Clarissa (q.v.), in Vanbrugh's ' Confederacy' (g.tj.). See Gripe. (2) Ara- minta, in Congreve'S ' Old Bachelor' (q.v.), is in love with Vainlove (q.v.). (3) Ara- tninta, in Whitehead's ' School for Lovers' (q.v.), is in love with Modely (q.v.). Aramis. One of the "three musketeers" in C. Rice's play of that name (q.v.) \ als» figures in J. and H. Paulton'S 'Three Musket-Dears ' (q.v.). Aranza, Duke, in Tobin's 'Honey- moon ' (q.v), is the husband of Juliana (q.v.). Leigh Hunt said that in no character did Elliston display his skill in dry humour with such felicity as in this part, which was "altogether his finest performance" (' Critical Essays,' 1807). Of Edmund Kean's Aranza Hazlitt said that it Avas "the least brilliant of all his characters. It was Duke and no Duke. It had severity without dignity, and was deficient in ease, grace. AEBACES ARCHER and gaiety. He played the feigned charac- ter as if it -were a reality." Art)aces. (1) King of Iberia, in Beau- mont and Fletcher's ' King and No King ' (g.r.). '" Arbaces," says Hazlitt, " is painted in gorgeous, but not alluring colours. His vainglorious pretensions and impatience of contradiction are admirably displayed. . . . His pride of self-will and tierce impetuosity are the same in "war and in love. The haughty Toluptuousness and pampered effeminacy of his character admit neither respect for his misfortunes nor pity for his errors." (2) Son of Artahanes, and in love with Mandane, in Arxe's 'Artaxerxes' {q.v.). (3) A sati-ap in BraON's ' Sardana- palus' (g.r.). (4) First lord-in-waiting in BURNA>D"s 'Dido' {q.v.). (5) ArMces is a character in Bcckstoxe's ' Last Days of Pompeii' (q.v.), Oxenford's adaptation of the same story {q.v.), and Reece's burlesque, ' The Very Last Days of Pompeii ' {q.v.). Arbitration; or, Free and Easy. A farce in two acts, by F. Reynolds {q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on De- cember 11, 1S06, with Lewis as Jack Fami- liar, Blanchard as Sir Toby Tritely, Liston as Chequer, and Mrs. Davenport as Lady Litifiious. It was first played in Xew York in 180S. Arbuthnot, Jotm, M.D. See Three Hours after Marrl\ge. Aj:'cades. "An Entertainment presented to the Countess-Dowager of Derby at Hare- field by some noble persons of her Family," probably in 1633 or 1634. Of this masque, which was written by ]MlLTOX, only three songs and a speech by " the Genius of the "Wood " have been preserved. The music was probably written bv Lawes. See IMasson's edition of r^Iilton's ' Works ' (1SS2). Arcadia, The Conntess of Pem- Taroke's. From this romance by Sir Philip Sidney, "J. S." took his ' Andromana' (g.r.), Shirley his 'Arcadia' {q.v.), Glapthorne his 'Argalus and Parthenia' {q.v.), Beaumont andFletcher their ' Cupid's Revenge' {q.v.), and X. Morgan his 'Philoclea' {q.v.). "It was from ' Arcadia ' that Shakespeare de- rived the names of some of his characters, ■such as Leonte.i, Antigonus,Cleomenes, Archi- darnus, and Jlojysa." Arcadia. (1) A pastoral play by James Shirley {q.v.), presented at Court (Fleav thinks) in 1632, and printed in 1G40. The plot is founded on Sir P. Sidney's ' Arcadia' Iq.v.). " In this play," says Dyce, " the chief incidents in Sidney's famous romance are not unskilfully dramatized." Basilim, Gynecia, Pamela, Philoclea, Pyrocles, Musidorus, UiiarchitS, Mojjsa, Pamelas, all figure in the piece. (2) An operetta, words" by E. L. Blanchard (7.t).), performed at the'Greciau Theatre in 1S43, with INIiss H. Coveney in the cast. Arcadian Pastoral (The). A musical piece in five acts, by L.vdy Craven (:Margi-a- vine of Anspach), performed privately at the Duke of Queensberry's, BurUngton Gardens, in 17S2. Arcadian Virg-in (The). A play by William Haughion (q.v.) and Henry Chettle {q.v.), acted in 1599. Arcanes. Friend of Cassilane (q.v.), in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Laws of Candy' {q.v.). Archas. General of the Muscovites, in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Loyal Sub- ject' (g.u.). Archer. Actor, a native of Edinburgh, who made his first appearance on the stage at Dublin in 17S6, and his London debut (after experience on the Scottish and Eng- lish provincial stage) at Drury Lane in 1797, as Shylock. See the ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1S05). Archer, Francis. One of the beaux in Farquhar's ' Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.), the other being Viscount Aimivell {q.v.). Archer, Frank. Actor, born at Wel- lington, Shropshire : made his professional debut at Nottingham, and, after engage- ments at Manchester and Liverpool, first appeared in London at tlie Prince of Wales's Theatre in ]May. 1S72, as Dudley Smooth in ' Money.' He has played the following " original" parts : — Julian Gray in CoUins's ' New :Magdalen,' Wilfred Gordon in Byron's 'Wrinkles,' Burchell in Wills's 'Olivia,' Mephistopheles in Gilbert's ' Gretchen,' St. Cyr in Lee's 'Branded,' CAorZes Wolverley in W. Marston's 'Under Y'lre,' Sir Baldicin Calvert in H. A. Jones's ' Hard Hit,' and Algernon Beltravers in ' Christina.' His other principal roles have been : Poli- ccenes in 'The Winter's Tale' (Manchester, 1S69), Ajyemantus in ' Timon of Athens' (Manchester, 1S71), Antonio in ' The Mer- chant of Venice' (Manchester, 1S71), Clau- dius in ' Hamlet ' (Crystal Palace, 1873), Lord Ptarmigant in Robertson's ' Society ' (Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, 1874)) Vane in Reade's ' Masks and Faces ' (same theatre, 1875), Prince PerovsJnj in Robertson's 'Ours* (same theatre, 1876), Dul-e de Gonzagues in ' Duke's Device ' (Olvmpic Theatre, London, 1876), Hamlet (Edinburgh, 1877), Count de Liniere in The Two Oi-phans' (Olympic Theatre, London, 1S7S), Joseph Surface in 'The School for Scandal' (Vaudeville The- atre, London, 1SS2), Faulkland in 'The Rivals' (same theatre. 18S2), Beauscant in 'The Lady of Lyons' (Lyceum Theatre, London, 1SS3), Sir Geoffrey in ' Our Boys ' (Strand Theatre, London, 1SS4), and Fou'chi in 'Secret Service' (Her Majesty's Theatre, London. 1SS5). He is the author of a volume entitled ' How to Write a Good Play' (1892). Archer, John. Actor, bom in London, 1835 ; made his professional debut in 1849 ; pei-formed for some years in the British provinces, notably at Etlinburgh (1868) ; and afterAvards became a member of the London Lyceum company. ARCHER ARDEN OF FEVERSHAM Arclier, Thomas. Actor and dramatist, bom at Bath, 1789 ; died 1848 ; the son of a watchmaker, and trained at Bath and Bir- mingham ; made his debut at Drury Lane in 1823 as the King in ' 1 King Henry IV.' He first appeared in America in 1827 at the Bowery, New York, and opened Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia (with Maywood and Walton) in 1830. He was afterwards a mem- ber of ISIiss Smithson's English company at Paris. After touring with his own troupe in Belgium and Germany, he returned to Drury Lane, appearing there in 1839, and at Covent Gai'den in 1845. He was the original of Opimius in Knowles's ' Caius Gracchus ' (1823), and of Gesler in the same -wi-iter's • William Tell ' (1825). Among his other roles were those of Polixenes, Bassanio, Claudio ('Measure for Measure'), Gloster ('Jane Shore '), Harry Thunder (' Wild Oats '), and Appius Claudius (' Virginius '). He was the author of ' Asmodeus ; or, The Little Devil's Share' (q.v.), 'Blood Royal' (q.v.), 'The Black Doctor' (5-.?;.), 'The Daughter of the Regiment ' (q.v.), ' Don Caesar de Bazan ' (q.v.), 'The Inundation' (q.v.), 'The King's Ransom' (q.v.), 'Marguerite's Colours' (7. v.), 'Red Cap' (q.v.), 'Three Red Men' (q.v.), and other pieces. Edward Stirling tells this story of Archer: "Playing Ai)pius Clau- dius in ' Virginius,' with his usual careless- ness, seated in the forum, a book placed under one of the gas-burners at the Aviiig enabling him to read, one of his companions wickedly turned the book upside down. Archer 'began with sonorous declamation addressing the assembled Roman people, faltered for a word, cast his eyes on the book, and perceived at once the joke that had been perpetrated. A long pause en- sued. Ap})ius Claudius had vanished from his memory. Cato came to the rescue. De- liberately he recited to the astonished plebeians Cato's celebrated soliloquy, com- mencing 'It must be so— Plato, thou reasonest well,' to the end of the speech : ' I'm weary of conjectures ; this must end 'em; Lictors, follow me. Claudius [his client], I'll hear more of this case to- moiTow' (strutting off the stage pompously in Roman fashion)." See Genest's ' History of the Stage' (1832), 'Theatrical Times'' (1847), and Stirling's ' Drury Lane ' (1881). Archer, Mrs. Thomas. American actress ; a member of the company at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1834. She played Adrian in 'Rienzi' at Boston in 1829, Laertes at Baltimore in 1831. Archer, "William, author and jour- nalist, born 1856, has published (besides magazine articles and prefaces to plays) * English Analyses of the French Plays re- presented at the Gaiety Theatre, London, June and July, 1879, by the Coniedie Fran- ?aise ' (1879), ' English Dramatists of To-day ' (1SS2), ' Henry Irving, Actor and Manager ' (1883), ' About the Theatre,' essays and studies (1886), ' :Masks or Faces? a Stndv in the Psychology of Acting ' (1888), ' William Charles Macready,' a memoir (1890), 'The Theatrical "World"' (1893-97), and (with R. W. Lowe) ' The Fashionable Tragedian ' (1877) ; has edited ' Henrik Ibsen's Prose Dramas,' translated into English by himself and others (1890-91) ; has translated Ibsen's 'When We Dead Awaken' (1903); is part- author of translations of Ibsen's ' Peer Gynt ' (q.v.) and ' The Master-Builder ' (q.v.) ; has adapted Ibsen's ' Pillars of Society ' [see Quicksands) ; has translated Edward Brandes' 'A Visit' (q.v.)\ was theatrical critic of the London Figaro from ^lay, 1879, to October, 1881, and has written the dra- matic notices of the World since March, 1884. Archers (The); or, The Moun- taineers of Switzerland. An opera in three acts, founded by W. Dunlap (q.v.) on the play called ' Helvetic Liberty ' (q.v.) ; performed and printed at New York in 1796 ; also called ' William Tell ; or. The Archers." Archie Lovell . A drama in four acts, adapted by F. C. Burnaxd (q.v.) from the novel of the same name by 3Irs. Edwardes, and first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on May 16, 1874, with':Miss H. Hod- son a9 the heroine, Miss E. Thorne, Miss Maggie Brennan, G. Rignold, and T. B. Bannister in the cast. Archipropheta, sive Joannes Baptista. A Latin tragedy by Nicholas Grimald (q.v.), written in 1547, and pro- bably acted at Oxford in the same year. Architect (An) figures in Planche's ' Birds of Aristophanes.' Archon, in Dryden's 'Albion and Al- banius' (q.v.), is intended for General ]Monk. Arden, Eliza. Actress ; was the original Lcttij in 'Tlie Writing on the Shutters' (1855), Fatima in ' Asmodeus ' (1859), and Hardress Cregan in Byron's 'Miss Eily O'Connor ' (1861). She was also in the first cast of Fitzball's ' Widow's Wedding ' (q.v.), and appeared in revivals of Smith's ' Valen- tine and Orson ' (1855), Haines's ' Poll and my Partner Joe ' (1857), and Planche's ' In- visible Prince ' (1859). Arden, H. T. The nam de tMdtre adopted by Henry Thomas Arnold (q.v.). Arden of Feversham. (1) A play by an unknown writer, first printed in 1592 under the full title of ' ' The lamentable and true Tragedie of ]M. Arden of Feversham, in Kent, who was most wickedlye murdered, by the means of his disloyall and wanton wyfe, Avho, for the love she bare to one Mosbie, hyred two'desperat ruffins, Blackwill and Shakbag, to kill him. Wherein is shewed the gi'eat malice and discimulation of a M'icked woman, the unsatiable desire of fil- thie lust and the shamefull end of all murderers." This drama, which Fleay is inclined to ascribe to 1585, and which, he thinks, " there is some ground for attri- buting to Kyd " (q.v.), was founded on the details of a crime actually committed at Feversham in 1550, and referred to in the Privy Coimcil Register for 1551, where "Arden" is spelled " Arderne." In 1578 had appeared a play called 'Murderous ARDEN ARGALUS AND PARTHENIA Michael,' which apparently dramatized the murder, and to which ' Arden of Feversham ' may owe something. The latter work was reprinted in 1599, 1633, and 1770,— in the last-named year with a preface in which the editor, Jacob, strongly urged the claims of Shakespeare to the authorship. Those claims, which have been regarded some- what favourably by A. C. Swinburne (see his • Study of Shakespeare,' 18S0), are rejected by the latest editor of the play, A. H. Bullen (1887), who, however, says " it is in the highest degree probable that 'Arden* was one of the plays which received cor- rection and revision from Shakespeare's hand." The Quarterly Review says of the unknown writer that, *' whoever he was, he not only possessed incomparably the greatest purely dramatic genius which had revealed itself in tragedy anterior to the period of Shakespeare's mature activity, but he exercised, in conjunction with the writers of the school of which he was the represen- tative, a very marked influence on the deve- lopment of popular tragedy " (October, 1885). Donne, in his ' Essay' on the subject (1873), points out that the work is ' ' one of the comparatively few plays of the sixteenth century of which the plot and action are founded upon English life and manners." See the criticisms by Hazlitt and by Lamb (' English Dramatic JPoets ') ; also Symonds's ' Shakespeare's Predecessors' (lSS-4). ' Arden of Feversham ' was ti'anslated into German in 1823 (by Tieck), and again in 1840. (2) A play, founded by George Lillo (g.u.) on that of 1592 ; left unfinished by him, com- pleted by Dr. John Hoadly, and first per- formed at Drury Lane on July 19, 1759, with Havard as Arden, Bransby as Moshy, Packer as Green, Phillips as Black Will, Vaughan as Shakehag, Wignell as Michael, Maria by Miss Barton, and Alicia by "a young gentle- woman." In this play, Alice, wife of Arden, loves Mosby, and putspoison in her husband's broth; but ^rrfe/i dislikes the taste of the broth, and does not swallow it. Michael, Arden's servant, then plots with Black Will and Shakehag (hired by Green, an enemy of Arden's) to murder Arden on his way home from London ; but their plan is frustrated, and eventually Arden is killed in his own house. Genest remarks that " Lillo has softened the character of Alicia," and that ''Mosby takes a more leading: part in the murder than he does in the old play. Lillo," he adds, " has borrowed a considerable part of the dialogue." The play (reduced to three acts) was revived at Covent Garden on April 14, 1790, probably with Holraan as Arden, Harley as Mosby, and IMrs. Pope as Alicia. It was performed at Sadler's Wells in 1852. Arden, The Forest of. The locale of most of the scenes in 'As You Like It' (q.v.). "We are here transported," says Gervinus, " to a romantic Ardenia into wiiich the forest of Arden is metamorphosed. Shakespeare met with this in the tale which furnished him with the material for his play ; lions were from thence brought to France, and our poet added serpents and palm trees." We think of the forest, say* Grant White, " without giving it locality. . . . There shepherds, and Court-fools, and English hedge-priests, and lions, and gilded serpents, and palm trees, were joined to- gether without the slightest seeming incon- gruity." Charles Lamb, in his prologue to- Coleridge's ' Remorse' (q.v.), alludes to " The forest walks of Arden's fair domain, ■\Vhere Jaques fed his soUtary vein." The French forest of Arden lies near the- river Mouse, between Charlemont and Ro- croy. Spenser, in his ' Colin Clout,' speaks of it as '' famous Ardeyn." Ardenne, Poynet. The "charcoal- burner " in G. AlmaPv's drama of that name iq.V.). Ardent. A character in J. T. Alltng- iiam's 'Hearts of Oak.' There is (2) an- Alfred Ardent in H. Wigan's ' Charming Woman ' (q.v.), (3) an Arnold Ardent (" a. man of mind and merit") in T. E. Wilks's ' My Valet and I ' (q.v.), (4) a Percy Ardent in Boucicault's 'Irish Heiress' (q.v.), and (5) a Sir Edicard Ardent in DA^■CE's * Morn- ing Call' (q.v.). Ardenton, Eliza. The heroine of Bayle Bernard's ' Dumb Belle ' (q.v.). Ardinelle. Protectress of Ali Baba in G. COLMAX junior's ' Forty Thieves ' (q.v.). Ardourly. (1) Harriet Ardourly is a. character in Edward Stirling's 'Nice Young Ladies ' (q.v.), and (2) there is a Jack Ardourly in W, T, MONCRIEFF'S ' Monsieur Tonson' (q.v.). Area Belle (The). Afarceby W. Brough (q.v.) and A. HALLiDAY(g.tO., first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on March 7, 1864, with J. L. Toole as Pitcher, a police- man ; Paul Bedford as Tosser, a soldier ; R. Romer as Walker Chalkes, a mUkman ; and Mrs. Alfred INIelion as Penelope, "the area belle," with whom the three men are in love ; at the Bowery, New York, in August 1864, with G. L. Fox as Pitcher and Mrs. H. Chapman as Penelope. The song of 'A Norrible Tale,' written by E. L. Blan- chard, was sung by Toole as Pitcher. In 1889, ' The Area Belle ' was turned into an operetta, under the title of ' Penelope,' the lyrics being WTitten by G. P. Hawtrey, and the music composed by Edward Solomon (q.v.). The piece was produced at the Comedy Tneatre, with Dan Leno as Pitcher, Rutland Barrington as Tosser, G. P. Hawtrey as Walker Chalkes, and Miss K. Everleigh- as Penelope. Arethusa. (1) Daughter of the Kin^ of Messina in BEAUMONT and Fletcher's 'Philaster' (q.v.). (2) A njTnph of Diana in W. Brough's ' Endymion' (q.v.). (3) A character in SiMS'S 'Member for Slocum' (q.v.). Arg-alus and Parthenia. A tragi- ' comedy by Henry Glapthorne (q.v.), acted, at Court and the Cockpit, probably in 1638» ARGENTILE AND CURAN AEIMANES and printed in 1639. The plot is founded on the story of the two lovers in Sir P. Sidney's 'Arcadia.' Amphialus, Bemagorgas, and the Queen of Corinth, figTire in the piece. Pepys, who saw it three times in 1(560-1, speaks of it with some favour. Argentile and Curan. A le,2:endary drama in five acts and verse, by William Mason ((/.f.), founded on Warner's 'Albion's England,' and first printed in 1797. The molto is from Beaumont and Fletcher's prologue to ' The Captain '— " This is nor comedy, nor tragedy, Nor bistorj." Argentine. A character in B. Web- ster's ' Wonderful Water Cure ' (jq.v.). Arg-us. A character in 'The Barber of Seville' (1818) {q.v.). (2) Argus, the Brilliant-eyed, is "King of the Peacocks," in Planche's fairy extravaganza so named {q.v.). Argryle (The Duke of). A character in various dramatizations of * The Heart of Midlothian' {q.v.). Ariadne. The central figure of (1") ' Ari- adne ; or. The Marriage of Bacchus : ' an opera by "P. P.," acted at Covent Garden " by the gentlemen of the Academy of Music," and printed in 1674. (2) ' Ariadne ; or. The Triumph of Bacchus : ' an opera in three acts, by Thomas D'Urfey {q.v.), un- acted, but printed in 1721 in a collection of poems. (3) ' Ariadne : ' a dramatic poem in five acts, bv Albany Wallace, printed in 1S26. (4) A play by Corneille {q.v.), adapted by J. Oxenford {q.v.), and first performed at the Princess's Theatre, Lon- don, on January 28, 1850, with Mrs. Mow- att as the heroine. Miss Fanny Vining as Phcedra, Davenport as Theseus, and J. Ryder as G^narus. The author " has altered the locale, and given a denouemen t of his own, making Ariadne drown herself as Sappho did, by jumping from a clitf." (5) A bur- lesque by Vincent Amcoxts {q.v.).— Ariadne also appears in Burnand's 'Theseus and Ariadne' {q.v.), and other classical bur- lesques. Ariadne. A character in Murphy's * Rival Sisters ' {q.v.). Ariane. A drama in four acts, founded by j\Irs. Campbell Praed {q.v.) on her novel entitled, 'The Bond of Wedlock,' and first performed at the Opera Comique Theatre, London, on February 8, 18SS, with Mrs. Bernard Beere as the heroine, H. Neville as her husband {Henry Lomax), Leonard Boyne as her lover {Sir Leopold d'Acosta), C. Marius as her father {Chevalier de Valence), Miss Laura Linden as an adventuress {Babette Steinbock), etc. ; produced in New York, with Mrs. Beere in the title part, in November, 1892. See Airey Annie. Aribert. King of the Lombards, in Davenant's 'GoncUbert' (^-.t;.); father of Rhodalind {q.v.). Ariel. (1) An airy spirit in Sh.\.kespeare'S ' Tempest ' {q.v.). He first appears in act i. sc. 2. He sings "Come unto these yellovs' sands" and "Full fathom five my father lies," in act i. sc. 2, and " Where'the bee sucks, there suck I," in act v. sc. 1. "It is evident," says Gervinus, "that Shakespeare intended to give to Frospero's favourite messenger the united power of all elemental spirits. At one time he appears as a sea- nymph, swimming and careering on the sea ; then as a fire-spirit who sets the ship on fire, and climbs like licking flame up the mast ; then as a spirit of earth, buried for Prosj^ro in the frozen veins of the earth ; his ruling nature, however, as his name implies, is that of a sylph, a spirit of the air. . . . He was formerly in the service of the witch Sycorax, for whose ' earthly and abhorred com- mands ' he was too delicate ; he slighted her behests, and she confined him, ' by help of her more potent ministers,' in a cloven pine ; . . . but, after twelve years' painful imprisonment, Prospiero's magic power set him free. For this benefit, the restoration of freedom, the highest Ariel knew, he gave to Prospero a service more suited to his gentle nature " (' Shakespeare's Characters '). "Shakespeare," says Hazlitt, "has, as it were by design, drawn off from Caliban the elements of whatever is ethereal and re- fined, to compound them in the unearthly mould of Ariel. Nothing was ever more finely conceived than this contrast between the material and the spiritual, the gross and delicate. Ariel is imaginary power, the swiftness of thought personified. When told to make good speed by Prospero, he says, ' I drink the air before me.' This is something like Puck's boast on a similar occasion, ' I'll put a girdle round about the earth in forty minutes.' But Ariel differs from Puck in having a fellow-feeling in the interests of those he is employed about." Longfellow tells us how " Ariel in tlie cloven pine tree For freedom Groans and jiyhs." Ariel is the "magic page from Shakespeare'^ magic volume," in the Brothers Brough'S 'Enchanted Isle' {q.v.). See, also, Bur- nand's ' Ariel.' (2) Spirit of the ether in Lord Byron's ' Manfred ' {q.v.). (3) Spirit of the air in Planche's 'Vampire' {q.v.). (4) A character in J. Oxenford's ' Rape of the Lock' {q.v.) Ariel. A burlesque drama by F. C BuR- NAND {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on October 8, 1883, with Miss E. Farren in the title part, Miss C. Gilchrist as Miranda, Miss P. Broughton as- Ferdinand, W. Elton as Caliban, and H. Monkhouse as Prospero. Arietta. A character in Planche and Dance's ' Puss in Boots' {q.v.). Ariette, in 'The Appeal' {q.v.), is be- trothed to Ethelstane. Arimanes. Ruler of the evil agencies in Lord Byron's ' Manfred ' {q.v.). ARINETTE 74 AELINE Arinette. A character in 'The Little Jockey.' Ariodante and Genevora. An anony- mous play, " shewed before her Majestie on Shrove Tuesdaie," 15S2, by " Mr. Mulcasters children," and probably founded on ' The History of Ariodanto and Jeneura,' trans- lated from Ariosto by Peter Beverley, and published shortly before the play was acted. Ariomaiia,inDow>-ES' 'All Vows Kept' {q.v.), manies Trivoltio (q.v.). Arion ; or, The Story of a Lyre. A burlesque bv F. C. Burn and (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on December 20, 1S71, "with a cast including E. Terry, H. Paulton, ]NIrs. Raymond, :Miss A. Thomson (Arion), Miss Topsy Venn, and Miss R. Cullen. Arion; or, A Leap for Life. See Plo w:\iAN, T. F. Aristaeus. A "sporting party " in H. J. Byron's ' Orpheus and Eurydice ' (q.v.). Aristides. A "jocular revolutionist citizen" in INIerivale's 'Son of the SoU' (q.v.). Aristippus ; or, Tlie Jovial Philo- sopher. A drama in one act, by Thomas Randolph ('7.r-.), " demonstrativelieproveing that ciuartes, pointes, and pottles, are some- times necessary authors in a scholar's li- brary," and " presented in a private shew." The scene Uesm the University of Cambridge. ' ' The piece contains a considerable degTee of humour." It was first printed in 1630. rfo Howard (-^.r.), first performed at Palmer's Theatre, New York, on November 14, 1892, with a cast including Miss Viola Allen, F. Bond, J. '.v. Piggott.^etc. Aristocratic Alliance (An). A comedv in three acts, founded by Lady Greville (q.v.) on Augiers ' Le Gendre de M. Poirier' (q.v.), and first performed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on March 31, 1S94, A\-ith a cast including C. Wyndham, C. Groves, H. de Lange, J. G. Taylor, F. "Worthing, Miss M. Moore, Miss A. Hughes, and Miss E. Fowler. Aristodemus. (1) A monodrama printed in 'The Poetical Register' (1S02). (2) A tragedy in prose, translated by Favelli from the Italian of Monti, who had founded it on tlie fourth book of Pausanias. It was printed in li09. Aristomenes; or, The Royal Shepherd. A tragedy by Anne, Countess of WiNCHELSEA ; not acted, but printed in 1713. Aristophanes. Tlie complete works of this ffi'eat comic wi-iter have been trans- lated^ into English bv Mitchell (lSOO-2), Hickie (1S53), and Rudd (1SG7). See Birds ; Clouds ; Frogs ; Plutus ; Wasps. Aristophanes, The Eng-lish. A title given to Samuel Foote, the actor and dra- matist (q.v.). " Foote," writes Genest, " has been often called the modern Aristophanes, but not ^vith strict propriety ; for though he was entitled to that appellation from his wit, and though, like Aristophanes, he did not care what he said or whom he attacked to raise a laugh, Foote brought on the stage real persons under fictitious names, Aristo- phanes real persons -with their real names." Arkansas Traveller (The). A play bv Spencer, first performed at New York about 1871, with F. S. Chanfrau as Kit. " The play itself," says Brander Matthews, " is not remarkable, but in Kit we have a vivid and vigorous presentation of a simple and manly nature." Kit's wife and child are stolen from him, and he thereupon devotes himself to the destruction of the man by whom he has been robbed. Ark-wrig-ht's "Wife. A drama by ToM Taylor (q.v.) and John Saunders (q.v.), founded on the latter's novel, ' A Lion in the Path,' and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Leeds, in July, 1373, with C. Kelly as Ar'ku-right, Steele Mackaye as Peter Hayes, H. Ferrand as Hilkiah Larcson, and Miss Helen Barry as Margaret Hayes; produced at the Globe Theatre, London, in October of the same year, with C. Kelly and Miss Helen Barry in their original parts, Emery as Peter Hayes, E. W. Garden as Hilkiah Laiv- son, and Miss Daly as Nancy Hyde ; played at the Prince's Theatre, London, on July IC, 1SS3, for the benefit of C. Kelly, who assumed his original role; revived at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on the afternoon of February 14, ISSS, with E. S. Willard as Peter Hayes and with INIiss Barry and H. Ferrand in their original parts. Arkwright, whilst trading as a barber, secretly invents and completes a spinning-machine, which Margaret, instigated by her father Peter, destroys. Her husband, indignant at her conduct, casts her off, and in due course rises to eminence and becomes Sir Richard. Margaret, who by-and-by returns, is enabled on one occasion "to save her husband's pro- perty from the mob, and so secures a for- giveness which ends in happy reconciliation. Arlequin. A character in Planche's ' Love and Fortime ' (q.v.). Arlesienne (L'). See Love that Kills. Arline. The heroine of Balfe's 'Bo- hemian Girl' (q.v.). She figures in, and gives the title to, the following burlesques of the opera :— (I) ' Arline ; or. The Fortunes and Vicissitudes of a Bohemian Girl,' by the Brothers Brough, first performed at the Haymarket in April, 1351, with ]Miss Annie Roiner as Arline, Miss P. Horton as Thad- deus. Bland as Arnheim, Buckstone as Dedlshoof, H. Bedford as the Gii)sy Man, and INIrs. L. S. Buckingham as Florcstine. (2) ' Arline, the Lost Child ; or. The Pole, the Policeman, and the Polar Bear,' by H. Belltngham (q.v.) and W. BEST (q.v.), first performed at Sadler's "Wells, London, on July 23, 1SG4:.—A7-Iine is also the chief cha- ARM 75 ARMOURER racter in AV. S. Gilbert's ' Merry Zingara ' (q.v.)SLnd H. J. Byron's 'Bohemian Gyurl' iq.v.). "Arm, arm* arm> arm ! the scouts are all come in." First line of a song in Fletcher's ' Mad Lover' (q.v.)— " Keep your ranks close, and now your honours win." Arm.ada, The. " A romance of 158S," in tive acts, written by H. Hamilton and A. Harris, and first performed at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on September 22, 1388, with Leonard Boyne as the hero, Miss AVini- fred Emery as the heroine, Luigi Lablache as the "villain" (a Spanish don), Miss A. Neilson as Queen Elizabeth, and other rOles by Miss E. Brnce, Miss K. James, Miss M, Milton (as Fame), etc. In one of the scenes, Seymour Lucas's picture, ' The Game of Bowls on Plymouth Hoe,' was realized. Armadale. A play by Olive Logan, adapted from the novel of the same name by Wilkie Collins, and first performed at the Broadway Theatre, New York, in De- cember, 1S66, with Miss Kate Reignolds as Misis Givilt. The hero of this play, Allan Armadale, is aiso the hero of Wilkie Collins's dramatization of his own story — 'Miss Gwilt' (g.v.). Armadillo. A valet in Bayle Ber- nard's ' Maiden's Fame ' iq.v.). Armado, Don Adrianode. A "fan- tastical Spaniard " in ' Love's Labour's Lost ' {q.v.), said to have been intended as a por- trait of John Florio, the philologist and lexicographer. His well-known dialogues with Moth are in act i. sc. 2, act iii. sc. 1. Armado also appears in act v. sc. 1. Boyet says of him (act iv. sc. 1)— "This Armado is a, Spaniard, that keeps here in court ; A phantasm, a Monarcho, and one that makes sport To the prince, and his book-mates." The allusion in ' IMonarcho ' is to an Italian lunatic who believed himself sovereign of the world. Armand. (1) Chevalier de Yaudray, in OXENFORD's ' Two Orphans ' {q.v.) ; in "love with Ilenriette (q.v.). A character in (2) Stirling Coyne's ' Old Chateau' (5. t\), and (3) the drama of ' The Violet ' (q.v.). Armand ; or, The Peer and the Peasant. A play in five acts, by Anna Cora Mowatt (q.v.), first performed at the Park Theatre, NeAV York, on September 27, 1847, with Davenport as the hero and the authoress as the heroine (Blanche) ; first played in London at the Marylebone Theatre on June IS, 1849, with Davenport and Mrs. Mowatt in their original parts, H. T. Craven as Louis XV., J. Johnstone as Richelieu, J. W. Ray as Duke D'Antin, and Miss M. Oliver as Jaqueline. Armg-art. A dramatic poem by ;Mary Anne Cross (George Eliot), published in 1874. Armin, Robert. Actor and dramatist. born circa 1568, died circa 1611 ; apprenticed to a goldsmith, but afterwards pvotini and pupil of Richard Tarlton, the actor (q.v.). In Tarlton's ' Jests and News out of Purgatory ' (1611), Armin is called Tarlton's "adopted son." He appears to have made his debut at the Globe. "He is believed to have joined the lord chamberlain's players in 1598, and to have accompanied them to Scotland in the following year." It is also thought that he played the part of Dogberry in succession to its first representative, "VViUiam Kemp (q.v.). In 1603 he figured among the actors to whom James I. granted his patent. In 1610 he was a member of the original cast of ' The Alchemist' (q.v.). He also played Mat. Flower dale in 'The London Prodigal' (q.v.). In 1609 he published his play entitled, 'The Two :Maids of More Clacke' (q.v.). 'The Valiant Welshman' (q.v.) is also attributed to him. In John Davies' ' Scourge of Folly,' Armin is charac- terized as " honest " and" gamesome," testi- mony being given to both his private and his public worth. See Langbaine's ' Account of the English Dramatic Poets' (1691), Payne Collier's ' Principal Actors in the Plays of Shakespeare' (1846), 'Dictionary of Na- tional Biography ' (1885), and Fleay's ' Bio- graphical Chronicle of tlae English Drama ' (1891). Arminius. A tragedy by William Paterson, "cast" for performance, but not acted (1739-40). Paterson, as James Thomson's amanuensis, " had copied out his principal's 'Edward and Eleanora' (q.v), and, as 'Arminius ' was in the sam« hand, it was forbidden, as being probably an equally objectionable piece by the same author ! The proliibition applied to Paterson was profitable, for he published his play by .subscription, and gained £1000 by it, not for the reason that it was a good, but because it was a forbidden, drama" (Doran). (2) ' Arminius ; or, The Champion of Liberty : ' a tragedy by Arthur Murphy (q.v.), printed in 1798, but not acted. Armistice (The). Aplayby J. Howard Payne (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre in July, 1822, with John Reeve as Peter Smink (q.v.), and INIdme. Vestris as Ninette. The part of Peter was a favourite with J. B. Buckstone (q.v.). Of late years the piece has been played under the name of 'Peter Smink.' Armorel of Lyonesse ; or. The Cleverest ISdan in Town. A play adapted from Walter Besant's novel so- named, by W. Heron Browne and S. Boyle Lawrence, Opera Comique, London, December 30, 1890. Armourer (The). (1) An opera, words by Richard Cumberland (q.v.) and music by Warner, first performed at Covent Gar- den on April 4, 1793, with a cast including Quick, IMunden, Incledon, Blanchard, FaM-- cett, Harley, Johnstone, Mrs. Martyr, and Mrs. Harlowe. ' The Armourer ' was founded on a comic opera which Cumberland had written on the subject of Wat Tyler. The ARMOURER OF NANTES ARNOLD licenser objected to the work, however, and the author accordingly remodelled it. (2) An historical drama, by R. DODSOX, Bri- tannia Theatre, London, 'March, 1876. Armourer of Nantes (The). An opera in three acts, libretto (founded on Victor Hugo's ' Marie Tudor ') by J. V. Bridgeman, music by M. W. Balfe, first performed at Covent Garden Theatre, London, on Feb- ruary 12, 1863. Armourer's Daug-liter (The). A fairy extravaganza by H. T. Arden {q.v.), first performed at Cremorne on August 11, 1866, witii W, Corri as Giles and Miss C. Parkes as Mark. Armourer's Escape (The) ; or, Three Years at Nootka Sound. A melodramatic sketch in two acts, by J. N. Barker {q.v.), founded on fact, and first performed at Philadelphia in March, 1817. Armroyd, Job and Nell. Characters in Watts Phillips' ' Lost in London ' {q.v). Arms and the Man. A "romantic comedy " in three acts, by G. Bernard Shaw {q.v.), first performed at the Avenue Theatre, London, on April 21, 1894, with a cast in- cluding Miss Alma Murray, Miss F. Farr, Mrs. C. Calvert, Yorke Stephens, B. Gould, and J. Welch. Armstrong-. A character in Coljlvn's •Iron Chest ' {q.v.). Armstrong-, John. Physician, drama- tist, and poet, born at Castleton, Roxburgh- shire, ajbout 1709, died September, 1779 ; author of ' The Forced Marriage,' a tragedy (printed 1770). Armstrong- the Shipwrig-ht. A play by J. T. Haines {q.v.). Armusia. One of the heroes of Flet- cher's ' Island Princess ' {q.v.), in love with Quisara {q.v.). Army of the North (The). A melo- drama by J. R. Planche {q.v.), produced at Covent Garden Theatre, London, on October 29, 1831, with :Miss Taylor (Mrs. Walter Lacy) in the prmcipal female part. Armytag-e, Clifford and Harold. Characters in SiMS's ' Lights o' London ' {q.v.). Arnaud. (1) A Norman minstrel in R. Lac/'S ' Robert the Devil ' {q.v.). (2) A character in J. T. Haines' ' Idiot Witness ' {q.v.). Arncliffe, Sir Harry. The husband in Tom Taylor's ' Unequal Match ' {q.v.). Arne, Michael. Composer (born 1741, died about 1806) ; son of T. A. Arne {q.v.) ; wrote the music for the following pieces {q.v.):— 'The Fairy Tale' (1763), 'Hymen' (1764), ' Almena' (1764), 'Cymon' (1767), 'The Fathers' (1778), 'The Belle's Stratagem' (1780), 'The Choice of Harlequin' (1781), 'The Positive jNIan' (1782), and 'Tristram Shandy' (1783). Arne, Miss. Daughter of Michael Arne (q.v.), and vocalist ; made her first appear- ance at Drury Lane in 1795 as PoUy in ' The- Beggar's Opera' {q.v.). Arne, Thomas Aug-ustine, Mus, Doc. Composer (bom 1710, died 1778) ; the librettist as well as composer of ' Artaxerxes ' (1762), ' The Guardian Outwitted ' (1764),. ' The Rose ' (1773), ' The Contest of Beauty and Virtue' (1773), ' A Pasticcio ' (1773), and ' Phoebe at Court ' (1776) ; also the reputed author and composer of ' Don Saverio ' (1750), and ' The Cooper ' (1772)— all of which see. Dr. Arne wrote the music for the following dramatic pieces {q.v.) :—' Rosamond' (1733), 'The Opera of Operas' (1733), 'Dido and ^neas ' (1734), ' The Fall of Phaeton ' (1736),, ' Zara ' (1736), ' Comus ' (1738), ' The Judgment of Paris ' (1740), ' Alfred' (1740), ' The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green ' (1741), ' Britannia ' (1743), 'Eliza' (1743), 'Thomas and Sallv' (1743), 'The Temple of Dullness' (1745),, ' King Pepin's Campaign ' (1745), ' Neptune and Amphitrite' (1746), 'The Prophetess' (1759), ' The Sultan ' (1759), ' Olvmpiade ' (1765), 'The Ladies' Frolic' (1770), 'the Fairy Prince ' (1771), ' Elfrida ' (1772), ' Achilles in Petticoats ' (1773), ' May Day ' (1775), and ' Caractacus' (1776). He at various times wi-ote incidental music for ' As You Like It ' (1740), 'Twelfth Night '(1741), 'The Merchant of Venice' (1742), 'The Tempest' (1746), ' Romeo and Juliet ' (1750), ' Love in a Vil- lage ' (1762), ' King Arthur ' (1770), ' The, Tender Husband,' ' The Rehearsal,' ' The Rival Queens,' etc. Dr. Arne was appointed composer to Drury Lane in 1738, retained the post till 1742, and was reappointed to it in 1744. He was the brother of Mrs. Cibber {q.v.), and the father of Michael Arne- {q.v.). See Catgut, Dr. ; also, Grove's ' Dictionary of Music and Musicians ' (1879),, and ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). See Abel ; Judith. Arnheim. A character in Lord Byron's ' Werner ' {q.v.). (2) Count Arnhehn is one of the personce in ' The Bohemian Girl ' {q.v.). Arnold. Son of Bertha, and deformed,, in Lord Byron's ' Deformed Transformed*" {q.v.). Arnold. The name of the author of a. piece called ' The Secret ; or, Nothing' (1807). Arnold, Charles. Actor and vocalist, born at Lucerne, 1854 ; joined the stage in. 1872, and, after two seasons at New York, had several years' experience in Canada (1874) and at San Francisco (1878), followed by a visit to the West Indies (1881) and a tour of the United States (1882). His first appearance in Great Britain was as Tony in 'My Sweetheart' {q.v.). He has since ap- peared as Eughne in ' Erminie ' {q-v.), Hans in ' Hans the Boatman ' {q.v.), and the hero of ' Rosedale ' {q.v.). Arnold, Cornelius. Author of 'Os- man,' a tragedy, published in a volume of poems (1757). Arnold, Henry Thomas. Dramatic writer, born 1840, died 1876 ; author of ' The- Armourer's Daughter,' ' Tlie Belle of the- Barleymow,' 'Bluebeard,' 'An Injured Fe- male,' ' Nell Gwynne ; or, The King and ARNOLD 77 ARRAH-NA-POGUE the Actress,' ' Princess Charming,' ' The Right-Fall Heir,' etc. ; best kno-mi under the pseudonym of " H. T. Arden." Arnold, Mattliew. Poet and prose -writer, born 1822 ; author of ' Empedocles on Etna' (1853) and 'Merope' (1858), dra- matic poems (q.v.). See also his essay on ' The French Play in London ' (' Irish Essays and Others,' IS 3 2), and some fugitive thea- trical criticisms in the Fall Mall Gazette. Arnold, Mrs. Vocalist ; a gi-eat fa- vourite at Covent Garden ; afterwards sang in America, where she died. Arnold of Benthuysen, in Beau- mont and Fletcher's ' Beggar's Bush * (q.v.), disguises himself as a beggar and is 'known as " Ginks." Arnold of "Winkelried; or, The Fig-ht of Sempach. A drama in five acts, by Mark Lemox (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on July, 1836, with a cast including Butler as the hero, D. Pitt, R. Honner, and Mrs. R. Honner. It is written in blank verse. Arnold, Samuel, Mus. Doc. Born in London, August 10, 1740; died October 22, 1802. He was appointed composer to Covent Garden Theatre in 17G3, and brought out his first opera there in 1765. In 1769 he purchased Marylebone Gardens, for which he wrote and produced several burlettas, but from which his losses soon compelled him to retire. The following is a list of the dramatic compositions for which he furnished music: — 'The Maid of the Mill ' (1765), ' Rosamond ' (1767), ' The Portrait' (1770), 'Mother Shipton' (1770), ' The Son-in-Law ' (1779), ' Summer Amuse- ment ' (1779), ' Fire and Water ' (1780), 'The Wedding Night' (1780), 'The Silver Tankard' (1780), 'The Dead Alive' (1781), ' The Castle of Andalusia' (1782), ' Harlequin Teague' (1782), ' Gretna Green ' (1783), ' Hunt the Slipper' (1784), 'Two to One' (1784), "Here, There, and Everywhere' (1784), ♦Turk and No Turk' (1785), 'The Siege of €uzzola' (1785), 'Inkle and Yarico' (1787), 'The Enraged Musician' (1788), 'The Battle of Hexham' (1789), 'New Spain' (1790), 'The Basket-Maker' (1790), 'The Surrender of ■Calais' (1791), 'Harlequin and Faustus' (1793), 'The Children in the Wood' (1793), 'Auld Robin Gray' (1794), 'Zorinski' (1795), "The ^Mountaineers' (1795), '^Mao Pays the Reckoning ? ' (1795), ' Love and Money ' (1795), 'Bamiian Dav' (1796), 'The Shipwreck' (1796), 'The Italian Monk' (1797), 'False and True' (1798), 'Throw Physic to the Dogs' (1798), 'The Cambro-Britons ' (1728), 'Oi5i; or. Three-fingered Jack' (1800), 'The He view' (1801), 'The Corsair' (1801), 'The Veteran Tar ' (1801), ' The Sixty-third Letter ' (1802), and ' The Fairies' Revels ' (1802). See Grove's ' Dictionary of 3Iusic and Musicians ' (1879). Arnold, Samuel James. Theatrical ■manager and dramatic author ; son of Dr. Samuel Arnold ; born 1774, died August 16, 2852 ; joined his father in building the Lyceum Theatre, of which he became manager, and afterwards erected the English Opera House at a cost of £80,000. After leaving the Lyceum, Arnold was for three years manager of Drury Lane Theatre. He married Matilda, daughter of H. J. Pye, the laureate, and, in collaboration with her, wrote the comedy called ' The Prior Claim ' (1805). He was also the author of the follow- ing pieces :— ' Auld Robin Gray ' (1794), ' Who Pays the Reckoning?' (1795), 'The Ship- wreck ' (1796), ' The Irish Legacy ' (1797), 'The Veteran Tar' (1801), 'Foul Deeds will rise' (1804), ' Up aU Night' (1809), ' Britain's Jubilee ' (1809), ' Man and Wife ' (1809), ' The Maniac' (ISIO), 'Plots' (1810), and 'The Americans ' (1811). Hazlitt ■s\Tote of him : " He does not get a single glimpse of life or nature, but as he has seen it represented on his own boards, or conned it over in his manuscripts. . . . His characters are the shadows of a shade ; but he keeps a very exact inventory of his scenery and dresses. . . . He writes with the fewest ideas pos- sible ; his meaning is more nicely balanced between sense and nonsense than that of any of his competitors ; he succeeds from the perfect insignificance of his pretensions, and fails to offend through downright imbecility " (' View of the Stage,' 1818). Arnold, "W. H. Author of ' The DevU's Bridge,' ' The Woodman's Hut,' and other dramatic pieces. Arnoldo, in Beaumont and Flet- cher's ' Custom of the Country ' (q.v.), is atfianced to Zenocia (q.v.). Around tlie "World in Eig-lity Days. A play produced at New York in June, 1885, and" again in August, 1SS6. See Round the World. Arpasia, in Rowe's ' Tamerlane,' is betrothed to Moneses (q.v.), but forced to marry Bajazet (q.v.). Arrah-na-Pog-ue ; or, Tlie "Wick- low "Wedding-. A drama by Dion Bouci- CAULT (q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, on November 7, 1864, with the author as Shaun the Post, Rignold as Beamish M'Coul, J. Brougham as Colonel O'Grad'j, Reynolds as Michael Feeny, Mrs. B. White as 'Fanny Pou'er, and Mrs. Bouci- cault as Arrah Meelish ; first performed (in London) at the Princess's Theatre, on INIarch 22, 1865, with Mrs. Boucicault in the title part, D. Boucicault as Shaiin the Post, John Brougham as Colonel O'Grady, Dominick MuiTay as Michael Feeny, H. Vandenhoff as the M'Coul, Miss M. OUver as Fanny Power, and F. Charles as Major Coffin; first performed in America at Niblo's Garden on July 12, 1S65, with T. H. Glenney as Shaun, W. E. Sheridan as Beamish, and Miss Josie Orton as Arrah. In 1866 the play was represented in Paris, at the Gaiety, as ' Jean la Poste, ou les Noces Irlandaises.' It was revived at the Adelphi in September, 1867 ; produced at Niblo's Theatre, New York, in 1869, with Miss Rose Eytinge as Arrah and Dominick Murray as Feeny; revived at the ARRAIGNMENT OF LONDON 78 ART Gaiety in June, 1S72, with Boucicault, Mrs Boucicault, Shiel Barry {Feeny), and W. | Rignokl (O'Grady), and at the Adelphi in August, 1876, -with J. C. "SVillianison and Miss Maggie Moore as Shaun and Arrah; reproduced at the Grand Opera House, New York, in 1879, with the author in the cast ; revived at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in Julv, 1885, with C.'.Sullivan as Shaun, Miss M. 'Rorke as Arrah; played at New Orleans in 1887, with O. Tearle as Shaun ; and re- vived at the Princess's Theatre, London, in August, 1891, with W. E. Shine as Shaun, Miss E. Terriss as Arrah, H. Neville as O'Grady, A. Dacre as Beamish, C. Ashford as Feeny, and Miss A. Roselle as Fanny. Henry Morley holds that it "is in the first two acts cleverly constructed and well written, but the interest does not pass into the third act, which is weak and strained, though it is supported by wliat is meant to be the gi-eat ' sensational' effect of a climb up an ivv-covered tower wall (' Journal of .a London Playgoer,' 1S66). See BETWEEN you AND ME AND THE POST. Arraig-nment of London (The). A play by Richard DAB0RNE(5.u.)and Cvril TOURNEUR {q.v.), mentioned by the former in letters to Henslowe, dated June, 1613. Arraig-nment of Paris (The). A masque by George Peele (7. r.), represented before Queen Elizabeth, by the children of her chapel, before 15S2, and anony- mously printed in 1584. Francis Nash {q.v.), WTiting in 15S9, gave it as his opinion that this masque displayed Peele's "pregnant dexterity of wit and manifold variety of invention, wherein (me judice) he goeth a step beyond all that v^Tite." The work, ac- cording to Collier, " evinces much facility in the use of the English language," but, " in point of invention, does not deserve any extraordinary degree of praise, since Peele has done little more than dramatize, and put into agreeable and flowing verse, the ajiologue of the ' Judgment of Paris.' It derives'the title of ' The Arraignment of Paris ' from the circumstance that, towards the close, the Trojan shepherd is brought to trial before Jove for having adjudged the apple of discord to Venus." " Colin and Hobbinol in it are, of course, Spenser and Harvey . . . Diggon, I think, Churchyard ; Paris and (Enone, Leicester and Lady Shef- field ; Helen being the Countess of Essex " (Fleay). Ai'-Rivals (The). See Rivals, The. Arrong-e (L'). See Way 10 the Heart. Arrowsmith, "William. An M.A. of Cambridge ; author of ' The Reformation,' a comedy (1673). See Langbaine's ' Di'amatic Poets.' Arsaces. A character in Mottley's ' Antiochus' {q.v.). Arsaces. A tragedy by William Hod- son ; not acted, but printed in 1775. It is founded on the ' Ezio' of Metastasio. Arsenic. " A dead take-in," in ' The Philosopher's Stone' {q.v.). Arsinoe, Q,ueen of Cyprus. An opera 'sratten by Peter M0TTEUx('7.f.), and composed by Clayton, performed at Drury Lane on January 16, 1705. This was the first effort to establish, in England, opera on the Italian model. " If this attempt," said the composer, " shall be a means of bringing this manner of music to be used in my native country, I shall think my study and pains very weU employed." Mrs. Tofts was the ■prima donna in this instance. (2) ' Arsinoe ; or. The Incestuous Marriage : ' a tragedy by Andrew Henderson ; "not acted^ but printed in 1752. Art. (1) A drama by Charles Reade {q.v.), adapted from Fournier's 'Tiridate, ou Comedie et Tragedie,' and first i)erformed at the St. James's Theatre, London, in February, 1855, with Mrs. Seymour as Nance- Oldfield, and Miss E. Brunton (Robertson) in a minor part; revived, under the title of 'Nance Oldfield,' at the Lyceum in 1SS3, with Miss Genevieve Ward as Nance and W. H. Vernon a.s Nathayi Olduorthy ; again revived at the' Lyceum in May, 1S91, with Miss Ellen Terrj as Nance and T. N. Wenman as Nathar, Oldworthy. See Actress by Daylight Comedy and Tragedy; and Tragedi Queen. (2) A comedietta by Cunnixghaj! BRlDG>LiN {q.v.), first performed at the Bijou Theatre, Paignton, in August, 1874. Art and Artifice; or, Woman's Love. A drama in five acts, by J0H> Brougham {q.v.), produced at New Yort in June, 1859. As the preface says, " th( leading incident in this drama is historic- namely, the abandonment by Quentin Matsy of his trade of blacksmith in order to com mence the study of painting, inspired by hi; love for a painter's daughter, whom he'ulti mately won." In the original cast, F. B Conway was 2Iatsys and Mrs. Conway AlyU von Ticilt, the author playing 2foritz Wylde. Art and Love. A dramatic sketch ii one act, by A. W. Dubourg {q.v.), first pei formed at the Opera Comique, London, oj February 17, 1877 ; revived at the Avenu Theatre,' London, on the afternoon of Jun 24, 1890, with Miss WalLis (Mrs. Lancaster and Arthur Stirling in the cast. Art and Nature. A comedy in fiv acts, by the Rev. James Miller, owin something to the ' Arlequin Sauvage ' of D risle, the ' Flateur' of Rousseau, and MoHert and first performed at DruryLane on Februar 16, 1738, with Griffin as Sir Simon Dupe, Mr; ]MiUs as Flaminia, MUls as Truemore, Qui as Courtly, and Cibber, jun., as Julio. Th piece " was damned," says Genest, " on tb first night. The templars had taken an ui reasonable prejudice against MUler for h: farce of ' The Coffee-House ' [q.v.], and seei to have been determined to damn any piec that was known to be his." See Alpharei Gewgaw. " Art is a power that will not t) ART OF ACTING ARTFUL HUSBAND denied."— Fletcher's 'Humorous Lieu- tenant ' (song). Art of Acting-, An Essay on the. A discourse in prose, by Aarox Hill (g.u.), opening Avith the assertion that " the first dramatic principle " is as follows : — "To act a passion well, the actor never must attempt its imitation, 'till his fancy has conceived so strong an image, or idea, of it, as to move the same impressive springs within his mind, which form that ijassion, when 'tis undesigned, and natural." The writer then proceeds to explain, in detail, how an actor should express joy, grief, fear, anger, pity, scorn, hatred, jealousy, wonder, love ; con- cluding with a series of questions and answers on the subject-matter of the essay. See Actor, The. Art of Acting: (The). "Part I. De- riving Rules from a New Principle, for Touching the Passions in a Natural Man- ner. An Essay of General Use, to Those, who hear, or apeak in Public, and to the Practisers of many of the Elegant Arts ; As Painters, Sculptors, and Designers : But Adapted, in Particular, to the Stage : with view to quicken the Delight of Audiences, And form a Judgment of the Actors, in their Good, or Bad, Performances." A poem by AARON Hill (q.v.), published in 1746, with a dedicatory preface to the Earl of Chester- field. The work is rather rhapsodical than methodical, the following being one of the most coherent passages :— "Why was the Actor stain'd, by Law's Decreet Lost Time's Recoverer ! Truth's Awakener, He ! Passion's Refiner ! Life's shoal Coast survey'd — The wise Man's Pleaser, and the good Man's Aid: Precept and Practice, in One Teacher join'd, Bodied Resemblance of the copied Mind : Nature confirms, Art dignifies his Claim, And only Cunt's low Crawl defiles his name. If but by Comprehension we possess, And every Greater Circle holds the Less, No Rank's high Claim can make the Player's look small, Since, acting Each, He comprehends 'emalL" See Actor, The. Art of Managrement (The) ; or, Trag-edy Expelled. A farce in one act, by Charlotte Charke (g.v.), "performed once at the Concert-room in York-buildings," in 1735. This farce was a bitter satire on Fleetwood, the manager of Drury Lane, with whom Mrs. Charke had quarrelled, and who is made to figure in the piece as Squire Brainless. Headpiece is Theophilus Cibber, and Mrs. Tragic is Mrs. Charke herself. "Art thou poor, yet hast thoti g'olden slumbers ? " First line of a song in ' The Pleasant Comedy of Patient Gris- sell ' {q.v.)— " sweet content! " Artaban. Son of Artemisa, in RowE'S 'Ambitious Stepmother ' iq.v.). Artabanes. Father of Arhaces {q.v.), in Arne's ' Artaxerxes ' {q.v.). Artan. A demon in * The Imposture Defeated ' {q.v.). Artaxaminous. King of Utopia, in Rhodes' ' Bombastes Furioso ' {q.v.). Artaxerxes. (1) An opera in three acts, the libretto adapted from" Metastasio, the musicby Dr. T. A. Arne {q.v.) ; first performed at Covent Garden Theatre on February 2, 1762, with Beard as Artabanes, Tenducci as Arhaces, Peretti as Artaxerxes, Miss Brent as Mandane, etc. Artabanes, having kiUed Xerxes, seeks to throw the guUt on his son Arbaces, whom he also accuses of seeking to poison Artaxerxes, Artabanes himself being in this case also the guilty person. Even- tually Artabanes is banished. Arbaces is in love Avith Mandane, the sister of Artaxerxes. 'Artaxerxes ' was an experiment,inasmuch as it was composed "after the Italian manner, with recitative instead of spoken dialogue." Arne, we read, " crowded many of the airs with florid divisions, particularly those in the part of Mandane, which he composed for his pupil. Miss Brent." 'Artaxerxes' was frequently revived in the latter years of the last, and the early years of the present, century— notably at Covent Garden in 1831, with Miss Sherriff as Mandane and Braham as Artabanes. (2) An opera translated from Metastasio by John Hoole, and printed in 1767. Artaxerxes. Son of Memnon, and hus- band of Amestris, in RowE's 'Ambitious Stepmother' {q.v.). Artemisa. The heroine of RowE's ' Ambitious Stepmother' {q.v.). Artemisia. A character in Planche's 'An Old Offender '(g.u.). Artful Cards. A farcical comedy by F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), adapted from 'La Cle' by MM. Duru and Labiche, and first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in February, 1877, with J. L. Toole as Spicer Rumford, A. Bishop as Sir Hare- cutt Shortleigh, H. Westland as Fred Flutter, Miss Henderson as the Countess Asteriski, and Mrs. Leigh as Mrs. Rumford ; revived at Toole's Theatre, London, in March, 1892. Rumford is " a weak gentleman with a foolish fondness for dissipation," who, unknown to his wife, visits the Countess Asteriski, a Pohsh adventuress, and loses a good deal of money at play. The Countess's friends are all swindlers, and, the police entering the house, these "artful cards" pretend to be engaged in musical performances. Artful Dodg-e (The). A farce in one act, by E. L. Blanchard {q.v.), first per- formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on February 2, 1842, with G. Wild as Demos- thenes Dodge, Fitzjames as the Rev. Fred FitzFudge, Tumour as Gregory Grudge, Miss Arden as Susan Smudge, Rogers as Nudge, and Walton as Budge; revived at Drury Lane (with other entertainments) for the benefit of Mrs. Blanchard, on the afternoon of June 2, 1S90, with A. Williams as Dodge. Artful Husband (The). A comedy by W. Taverner {q.v.), first performed at Lin- coln's Inn Fields on February 11, 1717, with ARTFUL -WIFE AETHUR 'Keene as Wimvife, Mrs. Rogers as Mrs. Winwije, INIrs. Knight as Lady Upstart, Mrs. Thurmond as Belinda, and Elrington as Sir Rarry Freelove. The piece has two concuiTent plots. The first has to do with the extravagant doings of Mrs. Winwife. In order to cure her of them, Wimvife pretends to be nearly ruined, and his wife at once offers to retire into the country. The idea of this was taken from Shirley's 'Lady of Pleasure' (q.v.). The second plot has for its centre Lady Upstart, who is induced to maiTy a Sir Modish Pert. Sir Modish is, however, only Belindain disguise, and Lady Upstart is glad to dissolve the marriage for a consideration named by Belinda, who is in love with, and now man-ies, Sir Harry. This notion is borrowed from ' The Counterfeit Bridegroom ' (g.f •)• Among the other characters are Stockwell, Frank Flash, and Decoy, all of which see. Altered by Colman— the episode of Winwife and his spouse being wholly omitted—' The Artful Husband' was reproduced at the Haymarket on May 18, 177S, under the title of 'The Female Chevalier,' the new title being suggested probably by the case of the Chevalier d'Eon, then notorious. On May 1, 1795, Taverner's comedy was again repro- duced, this time at Covent Garden, and under the new name of ' The Bank-Xote ; or. Lessons for Ladies,' W. Macready being the adapter. The piece was played at New York in 1797. See Artful Wife. Artful Wife (The). A comedy by W. Taverner (g.v.), intended as a pendant to 'The Artful Husband' (q.v.), and first per- formed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on December 3, 1717-18, with ]Mrs. Rogers as Lady Absent, Bullock, jun., as Sir Francis Courtal, Keene as Lord Absent, etc. The "artful wife" is Lady Absent, who, neglected by her hus- band and pursued by Sir Francis, an-anges that Sir Francis shall be discovered making love to her at a place of assignation. Lord Absenfs jealousy is aroused, and Sir Francis is made to marry a girl whom he has wronged. Arthiope. A character in Davexant's • Unfortunate Lovers ' (q.v.). Artliur ; or, TheHi-diddle-diddles of tlie King". Henry Jlorley, writing in his ' Journal of a London Playgoer,' under date of April, 1860, says: "There is an appearance in advertisements of a burlesque by somebody of fashion, who has written ^ Arthur ; or, The Hi-diddle-diddles of the King.' " Arthur and Emmeline. See Arthur, King. Arthur, John. Actor and dramatist, died April, 1772 ; performed at Covent Garden and Drury Lane between 1737 and 1758, and at Dublm in 1758-9. " In 1760 he seems to have been manager of the Bath company." Among his characters were .Shylock, Touchstone, Polonius, Shalloiv, Sir Hugh Evans, Stephana (Dry den's 'Tempest'), Fondleivife ('The Old Bachelor'), Lord Froth ('The Double Dealer'), Scrub ('The Beaux' Stratagem'), Traj^panti (' She Would and She Would Not '), Moneytrap (' The Con- federacy'), etc. He was " a very good copier of nature in some peculiarities of humour " (Genest). He was also the author of ' The Lucky Discovery ' {q.v.). See Davies' ' Dra- matic Miscellanies' (1783-4), the ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812), and Genest's 'English Stage' (1832). Arthur, King*. This famous legendary monarch has been the leading personage in many dramatic pieces :— (1) 'Arthur's Show :' an interlude, mentioned by Justice Shallow in 'King Henry IV.,' pt. 2, act iii. so. 2 ; "very popular in Shakespeare's age," and probably based on Malory's 'Morted' Arthur.' (2) 'The Misfortunes of Arthur' (1587) (q.v.). (3) ' The Life and Death of Arthur, King of England : ' a play by Richard Hathaway {q.v.), "acted by the Lord Admiral's servants" at the Rose Theatre in April, 1598. Fleay suggests that this may be identical with 'Arthur's Show.' (4) 'King Arthur ; or, The British Worthy :' a " dra- matic opera," words by John Dryden, music by Henry Purcell, acted at the Queen's Theatre in 1691, and printed in the same year. " This play is a kind of sequel to the 'Albion and Albanius' of the same author. . . . The whole affair of the Enchanted Wood and other wonders of Osmond's art, are borrowed from Tasso. . . . The contrast of character between Philidcl, a gentle aerial spirit, and Grimbald, a fierce earthy goblin, engaged on the adverse party, is not only well disguised, but executed -nith the hand of a master " (' Biographia Dramatica '). Downes says that the work was ' ' excellently adorn'd with scenes and machines. . , , The play and musick pleas'd the court and city" (' Roscius Anglicanus '). Altered by David Garrick, and with additional music by Dr. Arne, ' King Arthur' was revived at Drury Lane in 1770 ; in 1784 it was repro- duced at that theatre in a revised form, under the title of ' Arthur and Emmeline,' and with Kemble and Miss Farren in the principal rdles; it was seen at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in July, 1827, when Pur- cell's music was given, and when the cast included Pearman, Thorne, Phillips, Miss Paton, and Miss Kelly ; and there is further record of its being performed at Drury Lane Theatre in November, 1842, when the part of Philidel was taken by Miss P. Horton. (5) ' Arthur, Monarch of the Britons : ' a tragedy by William Hilton ; not acted, but printed among the author's poetical works (1776). (6) 'King Arthur; or, The Days and Nights of the Round Table : ' an extravaganza by William Brough {q.v.), brought out at the Haymarket Theatre in 1863, with Miss Louise Keeley as the King, Miss Wright as Guinevere, Miss H. Lindley as Sir Launcelot, Miss Romer as Vivien, and Compton as Sir Key. In this piece Guinevere, before she is wedded to Arthur, is captured by Cheldric, the Saxon invader, from whom, however, she is re- captured by the aid cf Vivien as the wielder ARTHUR 81 AS IN A LOOKING-GLASS of Merlin's waiul. (7) 'King Arthur: a play in verse by J. COMYNS Carr (q.v.), Lyceum Theatre, London, January 12, 1895, with H. Irving as Arthur, Miss E. Terry as Guinevere, J. Forbes-Robertson as Lancelot, r Cooper as Mordred, S. Valentine as Merlin, .Miss G. Ward as Morgan Le Fay, Miss Ashwell as Elaine, etc. (8) 'King Arthur ; or, Launcelot the Loose, Gm- ever the Square, and the Knights of the Round Table, and other Furniture : ' a bur- lesque by W. :M. Akhurst.— A'?»i7 Arthur is also a character in Fiklding's 'Tom Thumb' (q.v), E. L. Blanchard'S 'Three Perils,' H. J. Byron's 'Jack the Giant- Killer' C*?.?;.), the burlesque of ' The Lanca- shire Witches ' Qj.v.), Paulton and Pascal's 'Cymbia' (q.v.), and Richard-Uenry S •Lancelot the Lovely ' {q.v.). Arthur, Prince, figures in Shake- speare's ' King John,' and G. A. A Beckett's burlesque ' King John (with the benefit of the Act) ' {q.v.). Arthur, The Misfortunes of. See Misfortunes of Arthur, The. Arthur's Show. See Arthur, King. Art-i-chok. Caliph of Jerusalem, in Planciie's 'Seven Champions of Christen- dom' {q.v.). Article 7 (L'). See Shylock and Co. Article 47 (L') ; or, Breaking- the Ban. A drama in three acts, adapted from the French of Adolphe Belot by Henry L. Williams {q.v.), and produced at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, on April 2, 1872, with H. Crisp as Duhainel, G. Parkes as Mazilier, L. James as Delille, J. Lewis as Potain, D. II. Harkins as the Judge, Miss Clara Morris as Cora, Miss Linda Dietz as Marcelle, and INIrs. G. H. Gilbert as Mdme. DuhameL See Cora. Article 231 (L'). See Last Straw, The. Artifice (The). (1) A five-act comedy by Mrs. Centlivre {q.v.), first performed on October 2, 1722, with Mrs. Younger as Louisa, Mills as Ned Freeman, Mrs. Horton as Olivia, Wilks as Sir John Freeman, W. Wilks as Faimvell, Mrs. Thurmond as Mrs. Headless, Harper as Tally, Mrs. Oldfield as Mrs. Watchitt, and Griffin as Watchitt. No fewer than three "artifices" are made use of in this play. One is that which is adopted by Louisa, who has been seduced by Ned, but who, by persuading him he is Eoisoned, induces him to marry her, and to and over to his brother. Sir John, not only Olivia, but the estates which he has wrong- fully withheld from him. The second arti- fice is that of Faimvell, who, by means of it, carries off the widow Headless from Tally ; whilst the third is that adopted by Mrs. Watchitt in order to allow of her lover es- caping from her husband. This last artifice, however, does not succeed. (2) A comic opera in two acts, by William Augustus Miles {q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on April 14, 1780, with Parsons, Lamash, Bannister, etc., in the cast. Artipadiad.es. The king in Daniel's ' Doctor Bolus ' {q.v.) ; in love with Poggy- lina {q.v.). Artist's Wife (The). A "petite comedy " in two acts, by Gilbert Abbott A Beckett {q.v.), first performed at the Hay- market on July 28, 1838, with J. B. Buckstone as Andrew, the artist's servant. The title role. Lady Charlotte Clermont, was played by Miss Tavlor. The comedy was produced at the Park Theatre, New York, in September, 1839. Arts and Hearts. A prose comedy in three acts, by H. B. Cooper, adapted from Julian Hawthorne's story of 'Pauline,' and printed in 1882. Arundel St., Strand ; 117. See One Hundred and Seventeen. Arva, The Knig-ht of. See Knight OF Arva. Ar vedson. The fortune-teller in Auber's ' Gustavus III.' Arvida. Friend of Gustavus Vasa, in Brooke's play of that name {q.v.). Arvirag-us. (1) Younger son of Cymbe- \ line, in Shakespeare's play {q.v.). (2) A I character in ' The Successful Pirate' {q.v.). Arvirag-us and Philicia. A play in two parts, by Lodowick Carlell {q.v.), acted at the Cockpit and Hampton Court in 1636, and printed in 1639. It was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1672, with a pro- logue by Dryden. As de Trefle (L'). See Ace of Clubs. As Good as Gold. A comedietta by C. F. COGHLAN {q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on December 18, 1869. As in a Glass. See Ourang-Outang, The. As in a Lookingr-Glass. (1) A play in four acts, founded by F. C. Grove on F. C. Philips' novel of that name, and first performed at the Opera Comique, London, on May 16, 1887, with Mrs. Bernard Beere as- Lena Despard, H. Standing as Captain For- tinbras, C. Marius as Count Dromiroff, A. Bucklaw as Algie Balfour, and Miss Eva^ Sothern as Miss Vyse ; played in the English provinces in 1887, with Miss L. Villiers as- Lena; first produced in America at Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, September 19, 1887, with Mrs. Langtry as Lena; revived at Manhattan Opera House, New York, No- vember 14, 1892, with Mrs. Beere and C. Marius in their original roles, and W. Barry- more as Fortinbras. (2) Another adapta- tion, by T. Sidney-, was produced at Frome, Dorsetshire, in August, 1S87.— Two other dramatic versions of the story have been produced in America— one, by L. Marston^ in 1889. G AS IT SHOULD BE AS YOU LIKE IT As it Should Be. A play by W. C. OULTON (q.v.), first performed at the Hay- market Theatre on June 3, 17S9, with Powell and Mrs. Powell in the cast. The plot is taken from No. 1 of 'The Busy Body.' Fidget desires to marry his daughter C'elia to Lord Megrim, but in the end she espouses her lover, Wimvorth. The play was first performed in America in 1791. See Sparkle. As Larg-e as Life. A farcical piece in three acts, by Arthur Shirley {q.v.)\ Terry's Theatre, London, May 13, 1890. As Like as Two Peas. A farce in one act, by Herbert Lille, first performed at the Haymarket on June 30, 1S54, with Buckstone, Compton, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and Mrs. Buckingham, in the cast. As Merry as May Be. A play by Hathaway, IIoughto.x, Day, and Smith, acted at Court in 1602. As Plain as Can Be. A play per- formed before Queen Elizabeth and her Court between July 14, 1567, and Llarch 3, 156S. As the "World G-oes. A play by ThojIas Horde, jun. As-tu tue le Mandarin ? See Case OF Conscience. As You Find It. A comedy by Charles, Earl of Orrery, first performed , at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1703, with Pack as Jack Single, Dogget as Sir Abel Single, Mrs. Lee as Chloris, Verbruggen as Hariley, Betterton as Bcvil, Mrs. Bracegirdle as Orinda, jNIrs. Barry as Eugenia, Powel as Ledger, and Bowman as Sir Pert. Jack marries Chloris, to the disgust of his father, Sir Abel, who has himself proposed to her. .Hartley neglects his wife, but, meeting her by chance at a masked baU, reforms. ^Levil marries Orinda. As You Like It. A comedy by William Shakespeare {q.v.), founded, as regards the main features of the plot, upon T. Lodge's prose fiction, ' Rosalynde, Euphues' Golden Legacie,' which was published in 1590, and was itself based in part on the Cook's Tale of Gamelyn (wTongly ascribed to Chaucer). Jacques, Touchstone, and Audrey are wholly the creation of Shakespeare, who also modi- fied Lodge's story in certain details. As the play is not mentioned by Meres in his ' Pal- ladis Tamia ' (1598), and as one of the lines in it (" Who ever loved, that loved not at first sight ? ") is quoted from Marlowe's ' Hero and Leander ' (also published in 1598), it may be assumed that the work was not wTitten till after that date. The reference to it in the Stationer's Register is supposed to apply to 1600, and its composition may, therefore, be referred to the interval between the two years named. It was first printed in the folio of 1623, and has been published fre- quently in a separate form. Theobald edited it in 1741, the Covent Garden stage version was issued in 1786, and Kemble's edition of it appeared in 1815. Of its early stage-his- tory little is known. On January 9, 1723, there was acted at Drury Lane an adaptation of the comedy, perpetrated by Charles John- son, and called ' Love in a' Forest,' with Cibber as Jacques, WUks as Orlando, Booth as the banished Duke (here called Alberto), Mills as Adam, Thurmond as Oliver, Cory as Amiens, T. Cibber as Le Beau, INIrs. Booth as Bosalind, Mrs. Thurmond as Celia, etc. From this compilation, Touchstone, Audrey, William, Corin, and Phoebe were omitted, whUst passages from ' Richard II.,' ' Much Ado about Nothing,' and ' Twelfth Night,' together with the interlude from ' A Mid- summer Night's Dream,' and lines from the adapter's own pen, were inserted. Among many alterations, Jacques was represented as making love to Celia, and marrying her in the end. The adaptation was published in the year of performance. Sixteen years later (1739) one " J. C." published a comedy called ' The Modern Receipt ; or, A Cure for Love," which he described as " altered from Shake- speare," and w^hich was a species of modern- ized paraphrase of ' As You Like It.' The scene was laid in Liege and Arden, and Rosalind, Orlando, Celia, Jacques, and Adam appeared as Camilla, Vincentio, Julia, Marcel- lus, and Fidelio respectively. Shakespeare's lines w^ere occasionally used, but generally re-written or amplified in prose. In this ver- sion, also, Jacques, as Marcellus, has wit- combats with Celia (as Julia), and pairs off with her at the close. In 1856 George Sand translated and adapted the play to the French stage, following both Johnson and " J. C." in making Jacques the lover of Celia. An additional scene, written by Joseph Moser, is to be found in the European Magazine (1809). The play has been trans- lated into many European languages. It was revived at Drury Lane in December, 1740, with Quin as Jacques, Woodward as Sylvius, Mrs. Piitchard as Rosalind, Mrs. Clive as Celia, and 3Irs. Egerton as Audrey ; at the same theatre in November, 1747, with Macklin as Touchstone, Shuter as William, and Mrs. Woflfington as Rosa- lind; at the .same theatre in October, 1767, with King as Touchstone, Palmer as Orlando, Mrs. Dancer (:Mrs. Barry) [the first to sing the Cuckoo Song, taken from 'All's Well that Ends Well '] as Rosalind, and Mrs. Baddeley as Celia; at Covent Garden in April, 1771, with G. A. Stevens as Touch- stone, Smith as Orlando, :Mattocks as Amiens, and Mrs. Bulkley (Mrs. Barresford) as Rosa- lind ; at the same theatre in January, 1775, with Barry as Jacques, Lewis as Orlando, Shuter as Touchstone, and Mrs. Mattocks as Celia; at the same theatre in December, 1779, with Quick as Touchstone, Henderson as Jacques, and ]Miss Younge as Rosalind ; at the Haymarket in July, 1783, with Edwin as Touchstone, Ben.sley as Jacques, Bannis- ter, jun., as Orlando, J. Aickin as Adam, and Miss Frodsham as Rosalind ; at Drury Lane in April, 1785, with Palmer as Jacques, J. Aickin as the banished Duke, and Mrs. Siddons as Rosalind; at the same theatre in April, 1787, with Kemble as Orlando and Mrs. Jordan as Rosalind; at Covent Garden in February, 1789, with Aickin as AS YOU LIKE IT AS YOU LIKE IT Jacques and Miss Wallis as liosaliiid ; at the same theatre in November, 1789, with Harlev as Jacques, Holman as Orlando, and Mrs. Pope as Rosalind ; at Drury Lane in May, 1797, with Bannister, jun., as Touch- stone, Barrymore as Orlando, Miss Mellon as Gelia, and iliss Pope as Audrey ; at Covent Garden in October, 1S05, with Fawcett as Touchstone, Kemble as Jacques, C. Kemble as Orlando, Blanchard as William, Miss Smith as Rosalind, Miss Brunton as Celia, and Mrs. Mattocks ?i^ Audrey ; at the Ly- ceum Theatre, London, in September, 1811, with Miss Duncan as Rosalind and Wrough- ton as Jacques ; at the same theatre in 1828, with Miss Jarman (Mrs. Ternan) as Rosa- lind ; at Drury Lane in October, 1842, with jMacready as Jacques, Ryder as the exiled 2)«l-e, Anderson as OrZa?uZo, Phelps SiS Adam, Keeley as Touchstone, Mrs. Kisbett as Rosa- lind, Mrs. Stirling as Celia, and Mrs. Keeley i\s Audrey; at the Princess's Theatre, Lon- don, in February, 1845, with Miss Cushman as Rosalind; at the Hay market Theatre, London, in November, 1845, with ^liss H. Faucit as the heroine and J. Anderson as Jacques; at the City of London Theatre in 1845, with Vandenhoff and Miss Vandenhoff ; at Drury Lane in January, 1850, with Van- denhoff as Jacques and W. H. Angel as Touchstone ; at the Princess's in February, 1851, with Kean, Alfred Wigan, and Mrs. Kean; at the Mai-ylebone Theatre, London, in October, 1854, with Mrs. Wallack as Rosalind, Miss Cleveland as Celia, Edgar as Orlando, and W. Wallack as Jacques; at the Haymarket Theatre, London, in June, 1855, with Barry Sullivan as Jacques; at the same theatre in September, 1856, with W. Farren as Orlando, W. H. Chippendale as Adam, Compton as Touchstone, Howe as Jacques, Miss Booth as Rosalind, Miss i\I. Oliver as Celia, and Jlrs. Fitzwilliam as Audrey; at Sadler's Wells, London, in 1S57, with jNIrs. C. Young (Mrs. H. Vezin) as Rosa- lind and Phelps as Jacques; at tlie same theatre in September, 1860, with II. Vezin as Orlando, Miss Fanny Josephs as Celia, and L. BaU as Touchstone ; at the Maryle- bone Theatre, London, on April 24, 1861, with Miss Marriott as Rosalind; at the Princess's Theatre, London, in February, 1862, with Miss C. Leclerq as Rosaliyid, Miss R. Le- clerq as Celia, Miss M. Harris as Audrey, Widdicomb as Touchstone, and J. Ryder as Jacques ; at the Queen's Theatre, London, in February, 1S71, with Mrs. Rousby as Rosa- lind, W. Rousby as Orlando, H. Marston as Adam, and J. Ryder as Touchstone ; at Drury Lane in December, 1871, with Miss Nelson as Rosalind, T. C. King as Jacques, J. B. Howard as Orlando, and Miss F. Addison as Celia; at the Op Wood : ' pantomime by T. Craven, Vi - hurst, Holloway, December, 181)4. ( ) 'The Babes in the Wood:' pantomime V BABES IN THE WOOD BACHELOR'S TORMENTS "NViLTON Jones, Pavilion Theatre, London, December, 18D4. Babes in the "Wood (The). A comedy in three acts, by Tom Taylor (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon- don, on November 10. 1860, with J. B. Buck- stone as Jeremiah Beetle, H. Compton as SUdell, Chippendale as the Earl ofLazenhy, "VV. Farren as Frank liushton, Miss A. Sedg- wick as Larhj Blanche Rushton, and Mrs. ■\Vilkinsas3/r.9. Beetle. "As first performed," says Henry Morley, "the play was a good deal longer than ' Hamlet.' " It was per- formed for the first time in America at the New Metropolitan Theatre. New York, in April. 1861, with J. S. Clarke as Beftle, J. H. Stoddart as Lord Lazenby, and ^Irs. F. S. Chanfrau as Mrs. Beetle. It was revived with W. H. and Mrs. Kendal as Frank and Lady Blanche ; also as ' Babes and Beetles,' at the Strand Theatre, in 1877, with J. S. Clarke as Beetle, W. H. Vernon as Frank, J. G. Grahame as Sir Gcorye Loosestrife, Miss L. Venne as Lady Blanche, and Miss Sallie Turner as Mrs. Beetle ; again at the Strand Theatre in December, 1882, under the title of 'Eloped; or. Babes and Beetles,' with J. S. Clarke as Beetle, R. C. Carton as Frank, Miss Turner as Mrs. Beetle, T. P. Haynes, F. Mervin, etc. Babet. A character in Dibdin's ' Boni- facio and Bridgetina' {q.v.). Babil and Bijou. A "fantastical spectacle in eighteen tableaux, divided into five acts and a prologuial scene," by DiON BOUCICAULT {q.v.) and J. R. Planche {q.r.), first performed at Covent Garden Theatre, London, on August 29, 1872, with Miss Annie Sinclair as Bijou, Mrs. Howard Paul as Mistigris, INIiss Helen Barry as Princess Fortinhraase, Joseph Maas as Phassilis (Prince of Lutetia), L. Brough a.s Auricomus, and AVainwright as Typocompos ; revived at the Alhambra in 18S2, with Miss Con- stance Loseby and Harry Paulton in the <;ast. Babillard. (1) A bombardier in R. B. Peake's ' Comfortable Lodgings ' {q.v.). (2) A character in Offenbach's ' Creole ' {q.v.). Babiole. An opera in three acts, Avritten liy MM. Clairville and Gastineau, composed by Laurent de Rilld, and first performed at the Bouffes Parisiens in January, 1S7S ; produced, with libretto by R. Reece {q.v.), at the Prince's Theatre, ^Manchester, on March 10, 1879, with Miss Pattie Laverne in the title part, H. Hallam as Alain, E. Rosenthal as Casimir de Perigneux, and W. G. Bedford, J. E. Beyer, and H. Collier in other parts. Baby. (1) A farcical comedy in three acts, by R. Soutar and F. Herbert. Alex- andra Theatre, Southend, July 17, 1890. (2) _ Baby ; a Warning to Mesmerists : ' a farce in one act, by Lady Greville, founded on «ne of Max Adeler's " Elbow Room " stories; iheatre Royal, Brighton, October 31, 1890 ; played at Terry's Theatre, London, in April, 1891, as ' The Baby.' (3) ' Baby : ' farce in Eastbourne. one act, by J. E. Cowell, December 24, 1892. Babylon, New. See New Babylon. Baccarat ; or, The Knave of Hearts. A play by \\. E. Suter {q.v.). first performed at Sadler's Wells on March 4, 1865, with T. Mead as Rousscll (the chief Ivnave of Hearts), Walter Joyce as Henri, iNIiss Marriott as Baccarat, Miss E. Beau- fort as Violante, and Miss L. Willmore as Cerise. Baccastoppa, Easa di. Captain of a steamer in the brothers Brough's 'En- chanted Isle' {q.v.). Bacch.se (The). A tragedy translated from Euripides by R. Potter (1781). See BACCHANALLA.NS. Bacchanalians (The). A tragedy trans- lated from Eiiripides by Michael Wod- HL'LL (1782). See Bacch.e. Bacchides. A comedy translated from Plautus by Thornton, Warner, and Col- man (1760-74). Bacchus, the god of wine, figures in W. Leman Rede's ' Cupid in London ' {q.v.), H. J. Byron's ' Cupid and Psyche ' {q.v.), and .7. Graves's ' Cupid ' {q.v.). See Feast of Bacchus. Bacchus and Ariadne. A ballet first produced at Drury Lane on May 9, 1798. Bach, Emil. See Irmengarda. Bachelette. The niece of the curt5 in W. T. MONCRiEFF's 'Perourou' {q.v.). Bachelor of Arts (The). A comic drama in two acts, translated from the French by Augustus Harris, sen., and adapted to the English stage by C. J. Mathews, under the nom de guerre oi • Pel- ham Hardwick' {q.v.); first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on November 23, 1853, with C. J. Mathews as Harry Jasper, and other parts by F. Matthews, Basil Baker, and Miss Frances Hughes ; produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in January, 1854, with Lester Wallack as Jasper ; revived at the Criterion Theatre, London, in May and June, 1888, with C. Wyndham as Jasper. Bachelor's Buttons. A farce in one act. by E. Stirling {q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on May Id, 1837, with Mrs. Stirling as Emily Wilton, who, during the piece, assumes the charac- ters of a female romp, a maid-of-all-work {Dolly Dumps), and a sportsman. The piece was played at the Park Theatre, New York, in August, 1839, with Mrs. W. Creswick as Emily. Bachelor's Hall. A farce by G. L. Gordon {q.v.), first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, on January 13, 1877 ; revived at the Opera Comique, London, on April 21, 1877. Bachelor's Torments. See Rod- ^YELL, J. T. G. BACHELORS \0W BACON-SHAKESPEARE Bachelor's Vow (A). A play by Mrs. Alfred Phillips (q.v.). Bachelor's Wife (A). A comedy by Frederick Watson (7 i-.), performed at Burton's Theatre, New York, on January 11, 1S58, with Brougham as Maywood, C. J. Mathews as Riyhy, and Mrs. Davenport (Mrs. Mathews) as Mrs. Righy. See Bachelors' Wives. Bachelors. (1) A farcical comedy, in a prologue and three acts, by A. A. Aldred ; produced at New Cross Hall, London, on June 18, 1SS4. (2) A comedy in three acts, by Hermann Vezin (q.v.) and Robert Buchanan (g.r.), adapted from Benedix's ' Ein Lustspiel,' and first performed at the Havmarket Theatre. London, on September 1, isS4, with C. Brookfield as Beethoven Bromley, H. B. Conway as Charles Lovelace, and C. Coote, Miss K. Munroe, Miss J. Gwynne, and Miss M. A. Victor in other parts ; revived at the Opera Comique on August 9, 1886, with H. Vezin as Bromley, W. Herbert as Lovelace, and Miss F.Chal- grove, Miss Sothern, and Mrs. W. Sidney. See Bachelors, The ; Our Bachelors. Bachelors (The). (1) A play translated from the (ierman of Iffland ; unacted, but printed in 1799. (2) A comic opera, words by C. H. :M. Wharton, music by A. Taylor, performed at the Prince's Theatre, Man- chester, June 8, 1885. Bachelors, The Island of. See Island of Bachelors, The. Bachelors' Wives ; or, The Engr- lish at Brussels. An operetta, the words by S. Beazley {q.v.), the music by Kears, first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on July 16, 1S17. (2) ' Bachelors' Wives : ' a farce in three acts, by F. Bous- field. Strand Theatre. London, December 15, 18S6. See Bachelor's Wife, A. " Back and side go bare, g-o hare." First line of a song in Bishop Still's ' Gammer Gurton's Needle ' {q.v.). "But belly, God send thee good ale enough, Whether it be new or old." The song, says Warton, "has a vein of ease and huuiour which we should not expect to have been inspired by the simple beverage of those times." Whether it was, or was'not, written by Bishop Still, is not certain. Dyce, in his edition of Skelton's works, prints a song, very similar, which he ascribes to a date earlier than that of the printing of the comedy. The differences between'the two songs are, says Robert Bell, "very curious and interesting, but the most striking point of variance is the omission [in Dyce's version] of the verse refeiTUig to Tyb, Gammer Gurton's maid, which suggests" the probability that the song may have been originally an independent composition, of which Bishop Still availed himself, adapting it to the comedy by cur- tailments and a new verse with a personal allusion." Back in Five Minutes. A comedietta by H. T. Johnson; Parkhurst Theatre, HoUoway, London, February 16, 1891. Backbite, Sir Benjamin. Nephew of Crabtree, in Sheridan"s 'School for Scandal' {q.v.). Backing- the Varmints. A farce by G. L. Gordon {q.v.), produced at the Opera. Comique, London, August 7, 1875. Backwoodsman (The); or, The Gamecock of the Wilderness, was produced at the Park Theatre, New York, on March 12, 1846, with Marble as Samjjson Hardhead. Bacon, Delia. American writer, born 1811, died 1859 ; author of ' The Bride of Fort Edward,' a drama (1839) ; also of ' The 1 Philosophy of the Plays of Shakspere Un- 1 folded' (1857). "She died a lunatic," says I R. Grant White, "and I believe in a lunatic j asylum." See Hawthorne's ' Our Old Home' and Mrs. Farrar's ' Recollections.' Also, j Bacon-Shakespeare Controversy. Bacon, James. Author of 'The Ameri- can Indian '(1795). Bacon, Mrs. See Poole, Miss. Bacon, Phanuel, D.D. Dramatic writer and poet, born 1700, died 1783 ; vicar of Bramber (Sussex) and rector of Baldei (Oxfordshire); author of the following plays (g.r.):—' The Taxes,' ' The Insignif cants,' 'The Tryal of the Time-Killers,' 'The Moral Quack,' and 'The Oculist,' all printed in 1757, and published in a volume undeil the collective title of ' Humourous Ethics.! See ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812), Wai/t'jf ' Bibliotheca Britannica ' (1824), Genest'i 'English Stage' (1832), and the 'DictionarjJ of National Biography ' (1885). Bacon-Shakespeare Controversy (The). The theory that Francis Bacoi Viscount St. Alban"s, was really the authc of the plays hitherto ascribed to Willi Shakespeare was first broached by Mis Delia Bacon {q.v.) in Putnam's Maaazm for January, 1556. It was afterwards elabc rated by "her in a volume called 'Tl Philosophy of Shakspere's Plays Unfolded (1857), for which Nathaniel Hawthorne wrot a preface, without, however, approving tl "philosophy." For some years the theori languished, but it was once more advocatei by Nathaniel Holmes in ' The Authors! ' of Shakespeare ' (1867), by Appleton 3Iorg in ' The Shakespearean Myth ' (ISSl), and I] Mrs. Pott in ' The Promus of Formularif and Elegancies of Francis Bacon, illustratfl and elucidated by passages from Shak| speare ' (1S83). Then in ISSS came ' The Gre;, Cryptogram,' by Ignatius Donnelly, wl argued that Bacon's claim to the plays w asserted by that writer in the form of cryptogram running through the text of tl dramas. Among subsequent books on t, subject may be named 'The Bacon-Shat speare Question,' by U. Stopes (1888), Sir Martin's ' Shakespeare or Bacon ' (188 Wigston's 'Bacon v. Phantom Shakespee BAD BARGAIN BADDELEY (1891), Mrs. Pott's 'Bacon and his Secret Society ' (1891) and ' Did Francis Bacon write " Shakespeare " ? ' (1893), Owen's ' Bacon Cipher Story ' (1893), and ' The Shakespeare- Secret,' translated from the German of Edwin Bormann by Harry Brett (1895). See, further, the books by W. H. Smith (1856 and 1884), Mrs. Windle (1881), W. D. O'Connor (1886), C. C. Cattell (1888), E. Eeed (1891), G. James (1893), O. Loosen (1893), T. S. E. Dixon (1895), Mrs. Gallup (1900), G. C. Bompas (1902), and Lord Penzance (1902). The controversy is thus summed up by Richard Grant White: "It is as certain that William Shakespeare wrote (after the theatrical fashion and under the the- atrical conditions of his day) the plays which bear his name, as it is that Francis Bacon wrote the ' Novum Organum,' the 'Advancement of Learning,' and the 'Es- says.' The notion that Bacon also wrote ' Titus Andronicus,' ' The Comedy of Errors,' 'Hamlet,' ' King Lear,' and ' Othello,' is not worth five minutes' serious consideration by any reasonable creature " {Atlantic Monthly, April, 1883). Bad Barg-ain (A). A comedietta by Sydney Grundy, played in the English provinces in 1879. Bad Boys. A comedy in three acts, adapted by Clement Scott {q.v.) from MM. Gondinet and Civrac's ' Clara Soleil ' (Vaude- ville, Paris, February, 1885), and first per- formed at the Comedy Theatre, London, on April 29, 1885, with C. D. Marius, R. C. Carton, A. Roberts, E. Rose, P. Corapton, Miss Violet Cameron, Miss M. Bell, Miss Tilbury, Miss C. Grahame, and Miss L. Claremont in the cast ; afterwards trans- ferred to the Opi^ra Comique. Bad Lot (A). (1) A farcical comedy in three acts, by Harry Paulton and " Mos- TYN Teude," Opera House, Northampton, June 24, 1S87. (2) A play by Charles Foster. Bad Penny (A). A drama in one act, by W. LESTOCCi. first performed at the Vaude- ville Theatre, London, on the afternoon of July 13, 1SS2. Baddeley, Robert. Actor, born (it is said) 1732, died 1794 ; was at different times cook to Lord North and Foote. the actor iq.v.), and afterwards valet to a private gen- tleman. During his travels with the last- named he acquired a knowledge of foreign languages which was afterwards of much use to him as a performer, enabling him to take " broken- English " parts with much suc- cess. He appeared at Drury Lane previous to 1761, in which year he played at the Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin. In 1763 he again went to Drury Lane, with which theatre, aud with the Haymarket, he remained con- nected till his death. He was married to Sophia Snow in 1764. He was the original representative of Canton in ' The Clandes- tme MaxYidigQ,' Fulmer in • The West Indian,* Br.Druidin ' The Fashionable Lover,' Spruce m 'The School for Wives,' Lory in 'The Trip to Scarborough,' Moses in ' The School for Scandal,' FroUck in ' The Humourist.' Me- dium in ' Inkle and Yarico,' Crotchet in ' The Box-Lobby Challenge,' etc. Among his other parts were Sir Francis Gripe in ' The Busy- body ' (1761-2), Polonius (1763-4), Dr. Caius 0-7Q3-i), Surly in ' The Alchemist' (1766-7), Brainworm in ' Every Man in his Humour ' (1767-8), Papillion in 'The Lyar' (1767-8), Fag in * The Rivals ' (1776-7), Vamp in ' The Author' (1781), Pu fin ' The Patron ' (1781), and Fluellen (1789-90). Wewitzer says that "the first character he happened to appear in, it was necessary he should wear a sword. Foote, seeing him thus equipped, imme- diately exclaimed, ' Ha, Baddeley, I am heartily glad to see you in the way of com- plete transmigration— you have turned your spit into a sword already ! ' " Michael Kelly says: "He had a habit of smacking his lips always when speaking. In allusion to this, Charles Bannister said to him one day, ' My dear Baddeley, everybody must know that you have been a cook, for you always seem to be tasting your words.' " In * Tha Theatre ' (1771) we read that " Baddeley can never miss A crouching Frenchman or a flattering Swiss ; " and Hugh Kelly, in 'Thespis' (1766), is, equally flattering about his " foreign foot- men." On the other hand, Williams, in his • Children of Thespis ' (1786), speaks of the : actor as being "slovenly" and "rushing through his parts." By his will, datetl 1792, he left a house at Moulsey "to be used as an asylum for decayed actors and actresses," with a provision that when the property was worth £360 a year pensions were to be bestowed. He also bequeathed money to the fund for the relief of indigent persons connected with Drury Lane Theatre, aud £3 per annum for the purchase of cake and wine to be dispensed to the Drury Lane company on Twelfth Night— a cere- mony which is still performed. See Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), Dutton Cook's ' Hours with the Players' (1880), the Theatre for September, 1880, etc. Baddeley, SopMa {nde Snow). Actress and vocalist, wife of R. Baddeley ; born 1745, died 1786; is thought to have made her d6hut in 1764, probably as Cordelia. She appeared at Drury Lane in 1765 as Ophelia, and in 1767 as Desdemona and Dame Kitely ; and among her other parts were Hero, Jessica, Miranda^ Olivia, Celia, Portia (' Julius Coesar '), the Lady in ' Comus,' Mrs. Beverley ('The Gamester'), Leonora ('The Revenge'), Statira ('Alex- ander the Great'), Julia ('The Rivals'), Bosetta ('Love in a Village'), Clarissa ('Lionel and Clarissa'), etc. She was the original Harriett in 'The School for Rakes,' Miss Marchmont in * False Delicacy,' and Miss Willoughhy in 'A Word to the Wise.' Boaden says that as Imogen " her beautiful countenance used to excite the greatest interest," while George III. and Queen Charlotte were so delighted with her Fanny in ' The Clandestine Marriage ' that they ordered Zotfany to paint her in BADDELEY 100 BAILLIE that character. Hugh Kelly, in 'Thespis, speaks of "The gentle Baddeley, whose form, Sweet as her voice, can never faU to charm." As a singer she was popular at Ranelagli and Vauxhall. Her moral irregularities led to her being separated from her husband, and she was so extravagant in money mat- ters that she frequently had to fly from her creditors. In her later years she took to drinking laudanum, the quantity she con- sumed being, says Wilkinson, " mcredible. Towards the end she became, physically, a wreck-a fact alluded to by Pasquin (q.y.) in his " poem," ' The Children of Thespis (1787). She left the London stage in 1781, and her last appearances were at York in 1783 and Edinburgh in 1783-4. See, also, INIr.s. Baddeley's ' Memoirs ' (1781), Wilkinson s ^ Wandering Patentee ' (1795), Gait's ' Lives oi the Players' (1831), Genest's 'English .Stage' (1832), Dutton Cook's 'Hours with ihe Players ' (1881), etc. Baddeley, W. St. Clair. Author of the following poetical dramas :—' George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham ' (1878), ' The Jlaughter of Jepthah' (1879), and 'John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland ' (1879). Badg-er, Squire. A character in Fielding's ' Don Quixote in England ' (q.v.). ■Hee Squire Badger. Badoura. The heroine of Belling- « \M and Best's ' Prince Camaralzaman ' ■iq.v.), and of H. J. BYRON'S 'Camaral- zaman' (q.v.). Badroulbadour, the Princess, figures in plays on the subject of ' Aladdin ' (g.v.). Bag- of Gold (The). A play, first per- formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on June 27, 1852, with a cast including W. Farren, Diddear, Hoskins, Shalders, and Mrs. Walter Lacy. Bag-atelle. (I) The valet in J. O'Keefe's 'Poor Soldier' (q.v.). (2) A prima donna in FaRNIE's ' Loo ' (q.v.). Bag-g-s. (1) A steward, afterwards a money-lender, in Bayle Bernard's ' Far- mer's Story ' (q.v.). (2) A postman in B. Ber- nard's ' St. Mary's Eve ' (q.v.). (3) A clerk in Stirling Coyne's ' Wanted, 1000 Young Milliners' (q.v). (4) A character in Sulli- van's ' Beggar on Horseback' (q.v.). (5) The Great Baggs, in Albery's 'Apple Blossoms' iq.v.), is" "a travelling comic singer, who delights in practical jokes and slang wit- ticisms." Bag-ot. A " creature" of ' Pvichard II.' in Shakespeare's play of that name. Bag-ot, A. Gr. Dramatic writer ; author of 'Which?' (1886) and 'The Widow' (1890) ; also co-author, with F. R. Bagot, of ' The Rubber of Life ' (1885). Bag-s, Jem. The "wandering min- strel " in H. Mayhew's farce of that name {q.v.). Bag-slia-w. A character in J. M. Mor- ton's ' Grimshaw, Bagshaw, andBradshaw* (q-v.). Bag-shot. A thief in Farquiiar's ' Beaux' Stratagem ' (q.v.). (2) Baron Bag- shot, in Planche'S ' Puss in Boots ' (q.v.), ia " Great Grand Huntsman and Lord High Gamekeeper." Bailey, Abraham. Lawyer, and author of ' The Spightful Sister,' a comedy (1667). Bailey, Master, figures in E. Stir- ling's 'Martin Chuzzlewit' (q.v.). "The chaps calls me Old Bailey and Top Boots " (act i. sc. 5). Bailie (The) is a prominent figure in the ' Cloches de Corneville' (q.v.). Bailie Nicol Jarvie. See Jarvie, Bailie Nicol. Bailiff (The). A comedietta in one act, bv Fred. W. Broughton, Theatre Royal, Bath, April 5, 1890 ; at the Royalty, London, in May, 1890 ; and at Toole's, London, in July, 1890. Baillie, Joanna. Dramatic writer and poet, born at Bothwell, Lanarkshire, 1762, died 1851 ; published the following :— ' A. Series of Plays,' including ' Count Basil,' • The Trya],' and ' De Montfort ' (1798) ; ' A Series of Plays,' including ' The Election,' ' Ethwald,' and 'The Second Marriage' (1802) ; * Miscellaneous Plays,' including ♦ Rayner,' ' The Country Inn,' and ' Con- stantine Paleologus ' (1804) ; ' The Family Legend ' (1810) ; ' A Series of Plays,' includ- ing ' Orra,' ' The Dream,' 'The Siege,' and ' The Beacon ' (1812) ; ' The INIartyr ' (1826) ; ' The Bride ' (1828) ; and ' Dramas,' includ- 1 ing ' Romiero,' ' The Alienated Manor,' ' ' Henriquez,' ' The Separation,' ' The Strip line;,' ' The Phantom,' ' Enthusiasm,' ' Witcl cralt,' ' The Homicide,' ' The Match,' ' Th^ Martyr,' and ' The Bride '—the two being reprints (1836). Of the above playg (all of which see), the following have been performed :— ' Constantino Paleologus ' (re^ christened ' Constantino and Valeria '), Montfort,' ' The Election,' ' The Familj Legend,' ' Hatred,' ' Henriquez,' and ' Sej ration,' all of which see. Miss Mitfor ascribed to IVIiss Baillie's tragedies boldness and grasp of mind, a tirmnes of hand, and resonance of cadence tt scarcely seem within the reach of a female writer'"' ('Recollections'). "Miss Baillie," wrote Hazlitt, "has much of the power and spirit of dramatic writing, and not the ' because, as a woman, she has been plac out of the vortex of philosophical an(j political extravagances." Sir Walter Scot spoke highly of the ' Plays on the Passions! (q.v.) ; and Byron, when he said that womaii could not write, excepted Miss Baillie. .^| complete edition of the plays (and poema was published in 1851 See Genestlj ' English Stage.' vol. viii. (1832), the ' Anna Register' (1851), and the various biographic dictionaries. Baillie, Dr. John. Physician, diel| BAILLIE 101 BALDWIN 1743 ; author of ' The Married Coquet,' a comedy (1740). Baillie, Jolin. Scotch advocate ; author of ' The Patriot ' (1736). Bait, Lady. A character in Palmer's 'Life' (q. v.). Bajazet. Sultan of Turkey in Rowe's •Tamerlane' (q.v.). (2) Apollo Bajazet is a character in J. B. Buckstone's ' Isa- belle' (q.v.). His prototype, the author ad- mits, is to be found in the Rosdgnol of Paul de Kock's novel, ' Andre le Savoyarde ' (q.v.). Baker. Actor ; at Bath in 1820, when he played Spatterdash in ' The Young Quaker ' (February 28), and Norfolk in 'Henry VIII.' (April 10). Of the latter impersonation, Genest says : "A ludicrous circumstance took place in the third act, when Baker had to say Ego et Ilex mens ; he pronounced mens as one syllable " ('The English Stage,' vol. ix ). Baker, Alexina {nee Fisher). Ameri- can acti-ess, born at Frankfort, Kentucky, in 1821 ; died at Philadelphia, 1887 ; ap- peared on the boards when a mere baby, and played the child in ' Pizarro ' when only fourteen. After an engagement at the Bowery, New York, she went to the Park Theatre in 1831, to play "lead." Leaving the city in 1840, she returned to it in 1850, and played comedy at the Old Broadway. After another interval of absence she was seen at Burton's Theatre in 1855, and in 1862 she figured at the Winter Garden Theatre as Ophelia, Desdemona, etc. She was married to John Lewis Baker in 1851. Baker, Benj amin A. Actor, manager, and playwrighc, born at New York, 1818 ; made his debut as an actor in 1837 ; was engaged at the Olympic Tlieatre, New York, from 1829 to 1850 ; in 1851 became co-manager of the Harvard Athenaeum, Boston ; and afterwards managed several theatres in New York. He wrote the 'Wretch,' 'Amy Lee ' (1843), ' New York in 1848' (afterwards expanded into 'A Glance at New York,' q.v.), and also adapted ' Love and Murder' {q.v.) to the American See Brown's ' American Stage ' (1870). Baker, Betsy. See Betsy Baker. Baker, David Erskine. Born in London, 1730, died 1767 ; is best known as the author of the ' Companion to the Play- house/ {q.v.), published in 1764, and after- wards edited and republished under the title of ' Biographia Dramatica.' He also wrote a dramatic poem, ' The Muse of Os- sian' {q.v.), and translated from the Italian a comedy in two acts. ' The INIaid the Mis- tress' {q.v.). The 'Biogi-aphia Dramatica' (1782 and 1812) says that he was at one time in business as a silk-throwster, but failed. He is also said to have been a strolling player. See Nichols' 'Literary Anecdotes' (1812-15), ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1782 and 1812), Watt's ' Bibliotheca Britannica' (1824), and the ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). Baker, Henry Barton. Author of 'Our Old Actors' (1878), 'The London Stage ' (1SS9), and various contributions to the magazines on theatrical subjects. Baker, Mrs. Theatrical manager ; Avas in early life a dancer, but afterwards owned theatres at Canterbury, Rochester, Maid- stone, Tunbridge Wells, Faversham, Deal, etc. See T. Dibdin's 'Memoirs' (1827), Grimaldi's ' Life ' (1838), and Dutton Cook's ' Book of the Play ' (187o). Baker, Robert. Author of 'I]ie Mad House,' a burlesque ballad opeia (17S7). Baker, Thomas. Drpmatic A^^itor ;' author of ' The Humoui- ax' t,he Age ' (.17' a), 'Tunbridge Walks' (1703),"' Act at" Oxford' (1704), ' Hampstead Heath ' (1706), and ' The F'ine Lady's Airs ' (1709). See ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812). Bal Costume (Le). A farce played at the Olympia Theatre, New York, in 1845. Balaclava. A drama in three acts by J. B. Johnsto.ne {q.v.), Standard Theatre, London, June 10, 1S78. Balamira ; or, The Fall of Tunis. A tragedy by R. Siieil {q.v.), first per- formed at Covent Garden in 1818, with W. C. Macready as Amurath, and Young, C. Kenible, Terry, and Miss O'Neill in other parts. Balance. (1) Justice Balance is father of Sylvia in Farquh.^r'S ' Recruiting Officer' {q.v.). (2) Mr. Counter Balance is a character in F. Hay's ' Chops of the Channel ' (q.v.). Balance of Comfort (The) ; or, To Marry or not to Marry P A "petite comedy " in two acts, by R. J. Raymond {q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1835, with Buckstone as Felix Fnsby, Webster as Pigeon, Vining as Frank Timewell, Miss Daly as Dorothij Dimple, Mrs. Honey as Mrs. Pigeon, etc. (2) 'The Balance of Comfort:' a "petite comedy" by Bayle Bernard {q.v.), first performed at the Hay market on November 23, 1854, with Howe as Torrington, Miss Reynolds as Mrs. Torrington, and other parts by Rogers, Clark, Braid, Coe, Miss Grantham, and Miss E. Chaplin ; first per- formed at New York in 1855, with G. Jordan as Torrington; revived at the Haymarket in 1864. Balderdash, The Baron. A cha- racter in H. J. Byron's ' Cinderella' {q.v.}. Balderstone, Caleh, the old servant of Edgar of Ravenswood, figures in Pal- grave Simpson's ' Master of Ravenswood' {q.v.), J. W. Calcraft's 'Bride of Lam- mermoor' {q-v.), and H. C. IdERiVALE's ' Ravenswood ' {q.v.). Bald-win. Tutor of Rollo and Otto in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Bloody Brother' {q.v.). (2) Coiint Balduin, ia BALDWIN BALL Southern's ' Isabella ; or, The Fatal Mar- riage' (q-v.), is the father of Biron {q.v.). Baldwin, Joseph. Actor, born in London, 1787 ; made his first appearance in America at New York, in April, 1816, as Sam in 'Raising the Wind.' He died in 1820. Ireland says he " possessed consider- able merit as a low comedian" (' New York Stage '). Baldwin, Mrs. Cliarlotte. See Wal- STEiN, Mrs. Bale, Jolirif Sishop of Ossory, born Noveffber, 1^95, &.t Cove, Suffolk ; died 1563 ; was the author of the following dramatic 'works, printed iu tne years named :— ' A Bi-efe Comedv ^r Enterlude of Johan Baptystts Ffe^chynge in the Wyldernesse, openynge the crafty Assaultes of the Hypo- crytes with the gloryouse Baptysme of the Lorde Jesus Christ ' (1538) ; ' A Tragedye or Enterlude, Manyfestyng the chefe promyses of God unto Man, in all ages of the olde lawe from the Fall of Adam to the Incarna- cyon of the Lorde Jesus Christ ' (1538) ; ' A Brefe Comedy or Enterlude, concernynge the temptacyon of our Lorde and Saver Jesus Christ by Sathan in the desart ' (1538) ; and ' New Comedy or Enterlude concern- ing the Three Lawes of Nature, Moses, and Christe, corrupted by the Sodoraytes, Pharisees, and Papystes' (1558). In his ' Scriptorum illnstrium majoris Britanniae Catalogus' (1548-59), the bishop claims, further, to have written plays on the fol- lowing .subjects :— ' Of Christ when he was Twelve years old,' * Of Baptism and Tempta- tion,' ' Of Lazarus raised from the Dead,' ' Of the Councells of Bishops,' ' Of Simon the Leper,' ' Of the Lord's Supper and washing the Feet,' 'Of the Passion of Chryst,' 'Of the Sepulture and Resurrec- tion,' ' Upon both Marriages of the King,' ' Against Momus's and Zoilus's,' ' The Trea- cheries of the Papysts,' ' Against those who adulterate the W^ord of God,' ' Of John King of England,' 'Of the Impostures of Thomas Becket,' ' Corruptions of the Divine Laws,' and 'The Image of Love.' "His dramas," writes Bishop Creighton, "were moralities, or scriptural plays setting forth the reformed opinions and attacking the Roman party. . . . The plays of Bale are doggerel, and are totally wanting in de- corum." For biography, see ' The Vocacyon of Johan Bale to the Bishoprick of Ossorie ' (1553), the Memoir by the Rev. H. Christ- mas prefixed to the ' Select Works ' (1849), Cooper's ' Athenee Cantabrigienses' (1858-61), ' Dictionary of National Biogi-aphy ' (1885). Bale, Mr. A merchant in R. T. Weaver's ' Red Rover.' Balfe, Michael "William- Musical composer and vocalist, born at Dublin, May, 3808; died October, 1870; "composed, at ten years old, a ballad afterwards sung by Mdme. Yestris in the comedy of 'Paul Pry,' under the title of ' The Lover's Mis- take,' "and while in his teens was employed in the orchestra at Drury Lane ; made his debut as a singer (baritone) at the Norwich Theatre, as Caspar, in ' Der Freischutz' (about 1826), afterwards studying singuig abroad. His first opera (' I Rivali di se stessi ') was performed at Palermo in 1830. In 1835 he sang at concerts in London, and in the same year produced there his first English opera, 'The Siege of Rochelle" (q.v.). The following is a chronological list of the operas produced by him in London after this date:— 'The ISIaid of Artois" (1836), 'Catherine Grey '(1837), 'Joan of Arc,' in which he appeared as Theodore (1837), 'Diadeste' (1838;, 'Falstaff' (1838), 'Keolanthe' (1840), 'The Bohemian Girl' (1843), ' The Daughter of St. INIark ' (1844), 'The Enchantress' (1S44), 'The Bondman' (1846), ' The Maid of Honour ' (1847), ' Tlie Sicilian Bride' (1852), 'The Devil's in it' (1852), ' The Rose of Castile ' (1857), ' Sata- nella' (1858), ' Bianca ' (1860), ' The Puritan's Daughter ' (1861), ' The Armourer of Nantes ' (1863), and ' Blanche de Nevers ' (1863). ' II Talismano ' (q. v.) was brought out in London in 1874.' Balfe wrote, also, ' The Sleeping Queen,' an operetta (q.v.). He was in the original cast of John Barnett's 'Farinelli' (q.v.). Early in life he married Mdlle. Lina Rosa, already well known on the Continent as an operatic vocalist. In August, 1839, Mdme. Balfe (under her husband's manage- ment) made lier English debut at the Ly- ceum as Auiina in ' La Sonnambula,'and in March, 1846, she figured at the same theatre as the heroine of her husband's ' Keolanthe' (q.v.). Balfe's second daughter, Yictoire (successively Lady Crampton and Duchess de Frias), had many successes as a prima donna in Italian opera, both in London and on the Continent, between 1S57 and 1860. See Kenney's ' Life of Balfe ' (1865), Barrett's 'Balfe and his Works' (1832), 'Dictionary of Music and Musicians '(1879), 'Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). Balfour of Burley, John, figures in Farley's ' Battle of Bothwell Brigg,' and in W^ESTLAND Marston's ' Strathmore ' (q.v.). Ball, Edmund. Author of ' The Beauti- ful Armenian,' a comedy (1778) ; " probably also," says the 'Biographia Dramatica, "the author of 'A Bloody Plot Discovered,'^ a trageQy(i780). Ball, Edward. See Fitzball, Ee WARD. Ball, Lewis. Actor, born at Builtl South Wales, October 31, 1820 ; appeared as a child, with Miss F. H. Kelly, Aldridgt and Mdme. Celeste ; was trained, as a youth under S. Butler, R. Roxby, Charles Rice and Prince Miller; and played Touchston^^ to INIiss Faucit's Eosalind, Mawwonn to W. Farren's Dr. Cantwell, and Pistol with G. Y. Brooke. In August, 1852, he opened at Sadler's Wells (under Phelps) as the original Matthew Fagi in Daly's 'Young Husbands.' and afterwards played such parts as Flvellen in ' Henry Y.,' Gruviio in ' The Taming of the Shrew,' and Costard io' ' Love's Labour's Lost.' In June, 1858, he began an engagement at the Olympic, during which, with other things, ht BALL 103 BAMBOOZLE *' created" Mr. Breezely in Wooler's 'Twice- Told Tale,' and Mr. Dotts in Williams's ' I've Avrittento Browne;' stilUater, at the Mary- lebone, he played Jack Shcppard to Tom Robertson's Blueslcin. After this came a second engagement at Sadler's Wells, and various provincial tours and stock seasons, previous to joining, in 1881, Edward Comp- ton's comedy company, in connection with which Lewis Ball has played Sir Toby Belch, Dogberry, Adam, Sir George Thunder, Sir Robert Bramble, Job Thornberry, old DoiTi- ton, Dan Doivlas, Ilardcastle, Tom Noddy, Sir Anthony Absolute, Sir Peter Teazle, and Graves, besides " creating " t/oAn Middleton in ' True Love '(^.v.), Morgan Evans in ' The Actor' (q.v.), and Israel Jones in 'The May- flower' (1892). , Ball (The). A comedy in five acts, by Gkorge Chapman (q.v.) and James Shirley ' (q.v.), licensed in 16o2, acted " at the private house in Drury Lane," and printed in 1639. *' Sir Ambrose Lamount, Sir Marmadiike Travcrs, Mr. Bostocke, and Colonel Winfield are suitors to Lady Lucina, who is a rich widow. She jeers them all, and at last marries the Colonel. The piece concludes with a ball " (Genest). Balladino, Antonio, " pageant poet " to the City of Milan, in JoNSON's ' The Case is Altered' (q-v.), is a caricature por- trait of Anthony Munday, the dramatist (q.v.), who was "poet" to the City of London, and for many years directed the pageants which took place on festivals and holidays. Ballad-Mong-er (The). A romantic play in one act, adapted by Sir Walter Besant and Walter H. Pollock, from Theodore de Banville's ' Gringoire' ((/.r.), and first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, September 15, 1887, with H. Becr- bohm Tree as Gringoire, C. H. Brookfield as King Louis, C. Allan as Olivier, Stewart Dawson as Simon, and Miss Marion Terry as Loyse ; first performed in America at Abbey's Theatre, New York, January 28, 1895. See ' Henry IV.,' Pt. I., act iii. sc. 1 : *' These same ballad-mongers." Ballad- Sing-er (The). A musical comedy-drama in three acts, by To:m Craven (q.v.). Gaiety Theatre, Hastings, July 16, 1891 ; Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, March 13, 1893. Ballet is a character in Planch^'S ' Camp at the Olympic ' {q.v.). Ballet (The) belongs to the sphere of music rather than to that of drama. On the English stage it has taken two forms ; it has figured as a species of appendage to operatic representations, or it has been a separate item in performances mainly dramatic. In the latter case it has dealt pantomimically as well as musically with some more or less in- telligible story. It is, in fact, as musical pantomime that the ballet has been most familiar to English playgoers. As such, it has called for occasional record in this volume, only the most notable examples being mentioned. Of late years, in London, the ballet d'action has been confined almost wholly to the " variety" houses, its connec- tion with the drama becoming proportion- ately distant. See Button Cook's ' Book of the Play ' and ' On the Stage ; ' also, Grove's • Dictionary of Music' Balloon (The). A farcical comedy by J. H. Darnley {q.v.) and G. Manville Fenn {q.v.), first performed at Terry's Thea- tre, London, on the afternoon of November 13, 1S88, with Charles Glenney as Dr. Glynn, Charles Groves as Aubrey Fitzjohn, Forbes Dawson as Caj^tain Cameron, Sam Whit- taker as David, Miss Florence Wood as Grace Wentivorth, Miss Gabrielle Goldney as Miss Vere, and Miss S. Vaughan as Mrs. Rippendale ; revived at the Strand Theatre, London, in February, 1889, with George Giddens as the doctor, Alfred Maltby as Fitzjohn, Miss E. Terriss as Grace, Miss Rose Saker as Mrs. Rippendale, and Forbes Daw- son and Miss Goldney in their original parts ; first performed in America in September, 1889, with a cast including W. H. Crane and Harry Braham. Balloonacy; or, A Flig-ht of Fancy. An extravaganza, words by F. C. Blrnand {q.v.) and H. P. Stephens {q.v.), music by E. Solomon, first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on December 1, 1879, with a cast including Charles Groves, Philip Day, H. Saker, P. Desmond, Miss Amalia, Miss M. Williams, and Miss Edith Blande. Balls, J. S. Actor, born in England, 1799 ; first appeared in London in 1829, as Fickle in 'The Hunchback,' and at New York in 1835, as Vapid in 'The Dramatist.' He left America for England in 1840, and died at Dublin in 1844. Balthazar. (1) A merchant in 'The Comedy of Errors' {q.v.). (2) The name adopted by Portia in ' The Merchant of Venice' {qv.). (3) Servant to Romeo in 'Romeo and Juliet' {q-v.). (4) Servant to Don Pedro in ' INIuch Ado about Nothing.' (5) Father of Juliana, Volante, and Zamora in TOBiN's ' Honeymoon ' {q.v.). Baltimore, U.S.A. The Adelphi Theatre was erected in 1830 for Booth and Duff, but, says J. N. Ireland, " in conse- quence of its poor location, it soon gained the unenviable title of the INIud Theatre." It was opened with a performance of ' Isa- bella,' with J. R. Duff and Mrs. Duflf in the chief roles. About 1831 it was leased by the elder Booth. Balurdo. A character in Marston's ' Antonio's Revenge ' {q.v.). Bambini, The Marquis- A character in ' La Fille du Tambour Major ' {q.v.). Bamhoozilus. A railway director in Tom Taylor's ' Diogenes and his Lantern ' {q.v.). Bamboozle, Frank. See Bam- boozling. BAMBOOZLING BANX'EOFT Bamboozling-. A farce by T. Egkrton AViJ.KS, first performed at the Olvnipic Theatre, London, on May 16, 1842, with J. S. Balls as Frank Bamboozle, A. Yoiinge as Sir Marmaduke Meadows, Romer as Doiley, and Miss Daly as Emily ; first performed at New York in March, 1844, with Barry as Bamboozle, and revived there in December, 1850, with Brougham in the cast. In this piece " a young married lady unexpectedly meets her' uncle at an hotel, and, in order to explain her husband's absence, prevails upon a stranger to take his place for half an hour." Bampfylde Moore Carew; or, The Gypsey of The Glen. A romantic melodrama in three acts, performed at the Surrey Theatre, with Rayner in the title part, and Dibdin, Pitt, Vale, Almar, Asbury, and Osbaldiston (the Gypsey) in other parts. Bancroft, John. Dramatic wi-iter, died 1696 ; author of ' Sertorius,' a tragedy (1678-9). Two other plays—' King Edward the Third ' (1691) and 'Henry the Second, King of England ' (1692), both of which see— are ascribed to him by different authorities. Both are to be found in ' Six Plays written by Mr. ^Mountfort ' (1720). See Langbaine's ' English Dramatic Poets ' (1691), ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1S12), and Genest's ' English Stage ' (1830). Bancroft, Squire Bancroft. Actor and theatrical manager ; born in Surrey, May 14, 1841 ; began his professional career at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, in January, 1861. his first role being that of Lieutenant Manly in Bayle Bernard's * St. Mary's Eve' {q.v.). From Birmingham (whence he paid short professional visits to Cork and Devonport) he went successively to Dublin and to Liverpool, where (in ' Court Favour ') he acted for the first time with his future wife, Miss ^Marie Wilton. During the four years and four months covered by his provincial experience, he played no fewer than three hundred and forty-six parts, a complete list of which is given in the Theatre magazine for AugTist, 1SS8. When Miss Wilton became manageress of the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, she engaged S. B. Bancroft, who made his London debut there on April 15, 1S65, in Wooler's ' A Winning Hazard '(r?.r.). At this theatre he "created" also the following parts : — Mark in P. Simp- son's 'A Fair Pretender' (1S65), Captain Thistleton in Byron's ' War to the Knife ' (18Qo), Sidney Daryl in Robertson's • Society ' (1865), Gerald Goodwin in Byron's '£100,000' (1866), Annus Macalister in Robertson's •Ours' (1866), Captain Haivtree in Robert- sou's 'caste' (1867), John Smith in Gil- bert's ' Allow me to Explain ' (1S67), Beecher Sprau-ley in Boucicault's 'How She Loves Him '(1867), the Chevalier Browne in Robert- son's 'Play' (1868), Mortimer Wedgwood in Yates's 'Tame Cats ' (1868), J'ftcA: Poyntz in Robertsons 'School' (1869), Talbot Piers in Robertson's ' M.P.' (1870). 3/ n Speedwell in Collius's 'Man and Wife' (1873), Bob Blewitt in Byron's 'Wrinkles' (1876), Sir George Ormond in Scott and Stephenson's 'Peril' (1876), and Count Orloff in Scott and. Stephenson's ' Diplomacy ' (1878). He was also seen at the Prince of Wales's in the following roles :—Tom Stylus in ' Society ' (1868), Hugh Chalcot in 'Ours' (1870), Sir Frederick Blount in 'Money' (1872), Joseph Surface in ' The School for Scandal' (1874), the Prince of Morocco in ' The Mer- chant of Venice ' (1875), Mr. Honeyton in ' A Happy Pair ' (1875), Triplet in ' Masks and Faces' (1875), Dazzle in ' London Assurance * (1877), SindBlenkinsop in ' An Unequal Match' (1877). After his marriage with Miss Marie Wilton (1868), S. B. Bancroft became co manager with her of the Prince of W'ales's Theatre, which they vacated in 1879, to undertake the control of the Haymarket. At the latter theatre he created Lord Henry Trevene in Sardou's ' Odette ' (1882), Jean de Siriex in Sardou's ' Fedora ' (1883), and Tom Jervoise in Pinero's ' Lords and Com- mons ' (1883) : he was also seen there as Harry Sjireadbrow in 'Sweethearts' (1879), George Clarke in 'The Vicarage' (1880), Fouche'm T. Taylor's 'Plot and Passion' (1881), Tom Dexter in Taylor's 'Overland Route ' (1882), Dr. Thornton in ' Peril' (1884), Faulkland in ' The Rivals ' (1884), and Henry Beauclerc in ' Diplomacy ' (1SS4). In 1889 he was induced to return to the stage, to play the Abbe Latour in a revival of Watts Phillips's 'Dead Heart' at the Lyceum, In 1*93 he reappeared at the Garrick Theatre, London, as Count Orloff in 'Diplo- macy.' and in 1S94 (for a benefit) as G. Clarke in ' The Vicarage ' {q.v.). In 1897 he received the honour of knighthood. See ' Mr. and Mrs. Bancroft on and off the Stage' (1888) and 'Actors and Actresses' (New York, 1886). Bancroft, Lady [Marie Effie Wilton]. Actress ; daughter of Robert Pleydell Wilton ; born at Doncaster about 1840 ; played children's parts, first on the Norwich circuit, next at Manchester (where she ap- peared as Mamillius in ' The Winter's Tale,* Hymen in ' As You Like It,' Flea nee in ' Mac- beth,' and Arthur in ' King John,' etc.), and afterwards on the Bristol and Bath circuit. Her London debut was made at the Lyceum Theatre on September 15, 1856, as Henri, the boy in ' Belphegor,' and Perdita in W. Brough's burlesque so named {q.v.). She was engaged successively at the Havmarket (1857), the Adelphi (1857-8), and the Strand (1858-64), with occasional appearances else- where. In April, 1865, she became co-lessee and manager, with H. J. Byron, of the Prince of Wales's (formerly the Queen's) Theatre, London. In April, 1867, Byron retired, and in the following year (December 28), Miss Wilton married Squire Bancroft Bancroft iq.v.). She and her husband remained managers of the theatre till 1879, when they left it to become, in January, 1880, managers of the Haymarket. Here they continued till July, 1885, when they retired from management. Mrs. Bancroft has " created " (besides Brough's Perdita) the followins; k BAND, CUFF, AND RUFF. BANDITTI parts :— At the Lyceum : Serena in "\V. Brough's 'Conrad and Medora' (1856), and Lemondrop in 'My Friend from Leather- head ' (1857). At the Haymarket : Cupid in F. Talfourd's 'Atalanta' (1857). At the Adelphi : Cttpid in ' Cupid and Psyche ' (1857). At the Strand : Pep2)0 in H. J. Byron's ' Maid and the Magpie ' (1858), Jia- leigh in Halliday's ' Kenilworth ' (1858), Juliet in Halliday's 'Romeo and Juliet' (1859), Albert in F. Talfourd's ' Tell ' (1859), Karl in Byron and Talfourd's ' Miller and his Men' "(1860), Aladdin in Byron's bur- lesque (1861), Gringoire in Byron's ' Esme- ralda' (1861), Myles-na-Copjmlecn in Byron's «iMiss Eily O'Connor' (1861). At the St. James's : Genrdie in Brough's ' Great Sen- sation Trial ' (1864). At the Strand : Orpheus in Byron's 'Orpheus and Eurydice' (1863), Florence in Troughton's ' Unlimited Confi- dence' (1864), Mazourka in Byron's burlesque (1864). At the Prince of Wales's : Alessio in Byron's 'La! Sonnambula' (1865), Susanna in P. Simpson's • A Fair Pretender ' (1865), Mrs. Detacowr in Byron's 'War to the Knife' (1865), Edgar in Byron's ' Lucia di Lammer- moor' (1865), Maud Hetherington in Robert- son's ' Society ' (1865), Little Don Giovanni in Byron's burlesque (1865), Alice Barlow in Byron's '£100,000' (1866), Marg l^e.tley in Robertson's 'Ours' (1866), Polly Eccles in Robertson's ' Caste ' (1867), Atalanta Cruiser in Boucicault's 'How She Loves Him' (1867), liosie Fanquehere in Ro- bertson's ' Play ' (1868), Mrs. Langley in Yates's 'Tame Cats' (1868), Naomi Tighe in Robertson's 'School' (1S69). Cecilia Duns- combe in Robertson's ' JNLP.' (1870), Blanche Lundie in Wilkie Collins's 'Man and Wife' (1873), Jenny Northcott in W. S. Gilbert's 'Sweethearts' (1874), Winifred Piper in Byron's ' Wrinkles ' (1876), Mrs. Uaygarth in C. Scott's ' Vicarage ' (1877), and the Countess ZicJca in Scott and Stephenson's ' Diplomacy ' (1878). At the Haymarket : Kate Reeve in Burnand's 'Lesson' (1881), Lady Walker in Sardou's ' Odette ' (1S82), the Countess Olga Soukareff in Sardou's 'Fedora' (1883), and Miss Maplebeck in Pinero's ' Lords and Com- mons ' (1883). She has also represented the following :— At the Lyceum : Virginia in Knowles's play (1857). At the Strand : Carlo in 'Asmodeus' (1858), Gertrude in 'The Little Treasure' (1858), and Inicy Merton in Planche's 'Court Favour' (1858). At the Prince of Wales's : Georgina Vesey in Lytton's 'Money' (1872), Lady Teazle (1874), Lady Franklin in Lytton's ' Money ' (1875), Peg Woffington in Reade's 'Masks and Faces '(1875), Pert in Boucicault's ' Lon- don Assurance ' (1877), Hester Grazebrook in T. Taylor's ' Unequal Match ' (1877), Nan in Buckstone's ' Good for Nothing ' (1879). At the Haymarket : Mrs. Sebright in T. Taylor's 'Overland Route' (1882), and Lady Henry Fairfax in Scott and Stephenson's ' Diplo- macy' (1884). She reappeared in the last- named part at the Garrick Theatre, London, in 1893, and in 1894 she reappeared at an afternoon performance as Mrs. Heygarth in The Vicarage' {q.v.). See 'Mr. and Mrs. Bancroft on and off the Stage, written by Themselves' (1888), 'Actors and Actresses' (New York, 1886), and the Cenii^??/ magazine for January, 1881. Lady Banci-oft is the author of three dramatic pieces : ' A River- side Story '(1890), ' My Daughter,' an adapta- tion (1692), and ' A Dream ' (1903). Band, Cuff, and Ruff; A Merry Dialog-ue between. " Done by an ex- cellent wit, and lately acted in a shew ; " printed in 1615. On the title-page of the second edition same year, the dialogue is entitled ' Exchange Ware at tlae Second Hand,' and the " shew" is .said to have taken place "in the famous universitie of Cam- bridge." Bandanna, Mrs. A character in A. WiGAN's 'Loan of a Wife '(g. v.). Bandit (The). See Edwin and Ange- lina. Bandit King- (The). A melodrama in five acts, first played in America, with Miss Marie Hillforde as Kobemah; produced at the Queen's Theatre, Manchester, September 16, 1895 ; at the Pavilion Theatre, London, December 2, 1895. Bandit Merchant (The). See Maid OF Genoa. Bandit of the Blind Mine (The). A play by H. M. Milnkr (r/.i'.), performed at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1845-6, with Gary and Blanchard in the cast. Banditti (The) ; or, A Lady's Dis- tress. A play by T. DURFEY (^q.v.), licensed in March, 1685-6, and acted at the Theatre Hoyal, with Kynaston as Don Antonio, Williams as Don Fernand, Mrs. Bai'rer as Lawra, James Nokes as Megxra, and Griffin as Leon. The " lady " is Latvra, who, being suspected by Antonio of an intrigue with Fernand, seeks refuge with Megcera. Megcera's husband, Leon, leader of the banditti, is about to ravish Lawra, when she is saved by Fernand. Ultimately Antonio and Laivra are reunited. Part of the plot is taken from Shirley's ' Sisters.' See Catcall, Sir Critic. (2) 'The Ban- ditti ; or. Love's Labyrinth : ' a comic opera, words by John O'Keefe, music by Dr. Arnold ; acted at Co vent Garden on October 27, 1781, and condemned at the first perform- ance. Altered and re-entitled ' Tlie Castle of Andalusia,' it was brought out at Covent Garden on November 2, 1782, with Mattocks as Ferdinando, Edwin as Pedrillo, Quick as Spado, and Miss Harper as Victoria, and was highly successful. It was afterwards again altered by the author, and revived at Covent Garden in 1788, 1799, and 1826. Also at the Haymarket on July 6, 1884, and at the same theatre (for a " run ") on September 18, 1894, with a cast including Weiss, Buck- stone, Compton, Chippendale, W. Farren, Louise Keeley, etc. The humours of the piece consist mainly in Ferdinando's changing position and clothes with his ser- vant PcrfnWo. He is in love with Victoria, Spado is one of the banditti. BAXDMANN 106 BANISHED STAR Bandmann, Daniel Edward. Actor, born at Cassel, Germany ; made his professional debut, at the age of eighteen, at the Court Theatre of New Strehtz. After considerable experience on the Continent, he acted for the first time in English on January 15, 1S63, at Niblo's Garden, New York, sustaining the role of Shylock. In September of the same year he appeared at the same theatre as Narcisse (q.v.) in an adaptation from the German. He remained in the States for a few years, during which he played Hamlet and various other leading Q-oles. His first appearance in England was made at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on February 17, 1S6S, as Narcisse. He next "created" the part of Vijvycm in Lord Lytton's ' Rightful Heir ' (Lyceum, October 3. 1868), and was afterward seen as Othello (Lyceum, November 30, 1S6S). A visit to Australia (1869) was followed by a tour in the United States (1870-1), and by a second visit to London (June, 1871), where, in July, 1872, he appeared as De Maurienne in Tom Taylor's 'iJead or Alive' (,q.v.). After a series of Shakesperean performances in the English provinces came, in February, 1873, some appearances as Hamlet at the Princess's Theatre, London. In March, 1888, D. E. Bandmann was seen as Br. Jelajll and Mr. Hyde at Niblo's Garden, in an adaptation of Stevenson's story {q.v.) made by himself— a piece which he produced at the Opera Comique, London, in the following August, assuming the aforesaid dual role. In ad- dition to this piece, the following plays by D. E. Bandmann have been performed in England :— ' Only a Player '(1873). 'Tom's Revenge' (1874), 'The Cross and tlie Cres- cent ' (1876), ' ]Madeline Morel ' (1878), and * Marie Jeanne ' (1879). Bandmann -Palmer, Mrs. [Milly Palmer]. Actress, born at Lancaster ; made her professional dehut at Liverpool when fourteen years of age, her first appearance in London taking place at the Strand Thea- tre in November, 1864, w^hen she figured as Pauline, in ' Delicate Ground ' {q.v.). At the Strand she remained till the end of the 1864-5 season, among the parts "created" by her being those of Mrs. Bubble in Craven's "One Tree Hill' {q.v.), Laura Goodman in Parselle"s ' Cross Purposes * {q.v.), and Eva in Wooler's 'Laurence's Love Suit' {q.v.). In October, 1866, at the Olympic, she was the first i-epresentative of Grace Dtmjer in Tom Taylor's play, 'The Whiteboy' {q.v.), and in December of the same year she played Grace Harkaway at the same theatre. At the Lyceum, in November, 1867, she appeared as Juliet to Mdlle. Vestvali's Eoraeo ; in February, 1868, as Doris Quinault in ' Nar- cisse ' {q.v.) ; and in October, 1868, as the original Eveline in Lord Lytton's ' Rightful Heir' {q.v.). In February, 1869, she married Daniel E. Bandmann {q.v.), with whom she toured (in 1869) in Australia and (in 1870-1) in the United States, appearing as Beatrice, Portia, Pauline ('Lady of Lyons'), etc. Her London rentree was made in July, 1872, at the Queen's Theatre. In February, 1873, she played Lady Macbeth at the Princess's In the course of subsequent tours in tht English provinces, Mrs. Bandmann imper sonated Ophelia, Desdemona, Mrs. Haller and Lady Teazle. In April, 1878, at th Adelphi, she was the original Valentine u 'Proof {q.v.). She afterwards revisitei America. Sent to Germany, by-and-bv, fo the benefit of her health, she learned th language, and in December, 1886, playe^ Lady Teazle in German at the Residen Theatre, Dresden. Returning to Englan in 1888, she reappeared at the Olympii London, on May 3, as Lady Macbeth to th Macbeth of E. S. Willard. In 1889 st added to her repertory the "Mary Stuart of Schiller, and in April of the 'followir year played the title part at the Gran Theatre, Islington. In 1892 she appearfj for the first time as Hamlet, a role which si; has since performed very frequently both :j London and in the English provinces. SI has adapted to the English stage (1892) tl! ' Catherine Howard' {q.v.) of Victor Hugo.' Bane, Allan. An old minstrel in t drama of ' The Lady of the Lake ' {q.v.). Bang-. (1) Dr. Bang is a character in : M. Morton's 'Englishman's House is li Castle' {q.v.). (2) M. Etocle Bang figui: in C. S. Cheltnam's 'Slowtop's Enga^ ments'(5.v.). Bang-s, Francis C. Actor, born Virginia, 1837; made his dibut at Washii ton in 1852 ; first appeared in New York 1858 at Laura Keene's Theatre ; was engaj at AVallack's in 1858-9, and at the Win Garden in 1860. He reappeared at Wa ington in 1865, and at New York in 1868 Old Tom in ' After Dark '). In 1869 he pla; . Ham Peggotty in 'Little Em'ly ' at Nibl , and the Duke of Alva in ' Patrie ' at the Gn . Opera House, New York. Among his ot parts may be mentioned Antony, Sarda ■ 2)alus, and Dan'l Druce. Bang-les, Joe. A character in G • BERT'S ' Randall's Thumb ' {q.v.). Banim, John. Novelist, born 1 , died 1842 ; wrote several dramatic piec : ' Sylla ' (1826), 'The Sergeant's Wife' (IJ I, 'Damon and Pythias,' ' The Prodigal,' 1 ' Turgesius,' all of which see. See, also, s ' Life ' by Murray (1857). Banished Duke (The) ; or, ^ e Trag-edy of Infortunatus. A polil d pamphlet, written in dramatic form, d published in 1690. It is directed aga A James II., who figures as Romanus. Inft i- natus is the Duke of Monmouth, and Pai w the queen. According to the ' Biogra ia Dramatica,' the piece was acted " at le Theatre Royal " in the above-named j r. See Abdicated Prince, The. Banished Star (The). A corned :>}' J. B. BUCKSTONE {q.v.), produced at v.- York in December, 1840, with Mrs. .z- William as Mdlle. Fanny Nonparei in which character she gave imitations of : li- bran and Rubini. BANISHMENT OF CICERO BANNISTER Banishinent of Cicero (The). A tragedy by Richard Cumberland (q.v.), printed in 1761, but not acted. " Clodia," sa,ya Genest, " is in love with Frugi. He is in love ■with Tullia, the daughter of Cicero. He rejects the solicitations of Clodia. She instigates Clodius, who is her brother, to kill Frugi. Clodius kills Volumnius, think- ing him to be Frugi. Clodia stabs herself. Frugi is killed fighting. Clodius says of Cicero— • Be it my task to cast this exile forth.' " See the ' Biographia Dramatica.' Banister, John. Musical composer, born 1630, died 1679 ; wrote music to Dr. C. Davenant's tragedy of ' Circe ' (1676) and (in conjunction with Pelham Humphrey) to 'The Tempest '(1676). Banister, Rev. James, published the following translations from Euripides :— 'Iphigenia in Aulis,' 'Orestes,' 'Ph^nissiE,' and ' Troades,' all in 1780. Bank-Note, The; or, Lessons for Ladies. See Artful Husband, The. Banker (The). An adaptation by J. SCHONBERG {q.v.) of Miss Braddon's novel, ' Henry Dunbar ' {q.v.), produced at New York in June, 1S90. Banker of Rouen, The. A play pro- duced at the Lafayette Theatre, New York, in November, 1826, with Maywood and Walstein in the cast. Banker's Daug-hter, The. (1) A drama by W. C. Foster, produced at North Shields, May 24, 1876. (2) A comedy by Bronson Howard {q.v.), first performed at the Union Square Theatre, New York, in 1878, with Charles Thorne in the chief male part. Miss Sara Jewett in the title role. Miss Maud Harrison as Mrs. Broion, J. B. Polk as Washington Philips, W. T. Le Moyne. In the following year it was adapted by J. Albery (^j.^^'to the English stage, and produced in London as 'The Old Love and the New' {q.v.). Banker's Wife (The). A play pro- duced at the Broadway Theatre, New York, in May, 1852, with Miss Cushman as Augusta. Bankrupt (The). (1) A comedy in three acts, by Samuel Foote, first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on July 21, 1773, with a cast including the author as Sir Robert Riscounter, J. Aikin, Mrs. Williams, Mrs. Jewell, Miss Ambrose, Lamash, and other actors as Margin, Pillage, and Re- source. The threatened bankruptcy of Sir Robert— saXa to have been suggested by a contemporary incident in commercial circles —is not a leading feature of the piece, but brings in Pillage and Resource, whose advice is invited but rejected by Sir Robert. Margin is a printer. (2) A domestic drama pro- duced at the Broadway Theatre, New York, in December, 1855, with C. Fisher and W. A. Chapman in the cast. Bankruptcy. The title given to an American adaptation of Bjornson'S play, ' En FaUit.' Banks, Georg-e Linnaeus. Miscel- laneous writer, born 1821, died 1881; wrote two dramas— 'The Swiss Father ' (in which Creswick appeared) and 'The Slave King' (for Ira Aldridge) ; also, two burlesques— *01d Maids and Mustard' and 'Ye Doleful Wives of Windsor'— and a volume entitled 'All About Shakspere' (1864). See 'Die tionary of National Biography ' (1885). Banks, John. Dramatic writer, born about 1650 ; was a member of the New Inn ; and wrote the following five-act tragedies— ' The Rival Kings ' (1677), ' The Destruction of Troy' (1678), 'The Unhappy Favourite' (1682), 'The Innocent Usurper' (1683), 'The Island Queens' ['Albion Queens'] (1684), ' Virtue Betrayed ' (1692), and ' Cyrus the Great ' (1696) — all of which see. See Cibber's ' Apology ' (1740) and Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832). Banks of Allan "Water, The. See Barnett, C. Z. Banks of Killarney, The. See Eily O'Connor. Banner. A character in Buckstone's 'Two Queens' {q.v.). Bannian Day. A musical entertain- ment in two acts, words by George Brewer, music by S. Arnold ; first per- formed at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket, on June 11, 1796, with a cast including Fawcett {Batch), Suett {Bobby .Notice), and Mrs. Bland. Bannister, Charles. Actor and vocalist ; father of John Bannister ; born in Gloucestershire in 1738, died 1804 ; after some experience as an amateur, made his professional debut on the Norwich circuit, and his first appearance in London in 1762, as ]Vill in ' The Orators,' at the Haymarket {q.v.). There he distinguished himself as an imitator of Tenducci and other singers. After singing at Ranelagh and elsewhere, he appeared at Drury Lane in 1767, going thence to Covent Garden in 1782, returning to Drury Lane in 1785, and joining the Royalty company in 1787. Some country engagements followed, and then sundry appearances at the " Lane," the " Garden,'' etc. The 'Thespian Dictionary ' says "his voice was a strong clear bass, with one of the most extensive falsettos ever heard." Dibdin held him to be " in many respects superior to any singer that perhaps ever lived. The body and volume of voice which he possessed were only equalled by its sweetness and interest." " His Steady [' The Quaker'], etc., were good," says Genest; "his Caliban and Grimbald were excellent." See the ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), Dibdin's ' History of the Stage ' (1800), and Adolphus' ' INIemoirs of John Bannister ' (1838). Bannister, John. Actor, son ot BANNISTER 103 BANVILLE Charles Bannister ; born at Deptford, 17C0, j (lied in London, 1836 ; appeared at Drury < J.ane as early as 1772, but made his regular | debut at the Haymarket in 1778, as Dick in | ' The Apprentice ' (q.v.) ; appeared at Drury Lane in the same year as Zaphna in ' Ma- lioniet' iq.v.), and at Covent Garden in 1779 as the Prince of Wales in ' 1 Henry IV.' He next played at Birmingham, returning to town to "create" Don Ferolo Whiskerandos (' The Critic ') at Drury Lane (1779). Among his other original parts -svere Dabble in ' The Humourist,' Scout in ' The Village Lawyer,' Inkle in 'Inkle "and Yarico,' " >S(> David Dunder in ' Ways and Means,' Gondibert in ' The Battle of Hexham,' Eobin in ' No Song, No Supper,' Walter in ' Children in the Wood,' Jack Crotchet in ' The Box-Lobby Chal- lenge,' Sylvester Daggerwood in ' New Hay at the Old Market,' Wilford in ' The Iron Chest,' Motley in ' The Castle Spectre,' and Rolando in ' The Honeymoon.' His other parts included Almaviva (' Spanish Barber ' and ' Follies of a Day '), Brisk (' The Double Dealer '), Ben (' Love for Love '), Brass (' The Confederacy'), Lissardo ('The Wonder'), Scrub ('The Beaux' Stratagem'), Trappanti ('She Would and She Wouldn't'), Sir An- thony Absolute, Tony Lumpkin, Bob Acres, Colonel Feignwell ('A Bold Stroke for a Husband'), J/flrj;^of ('The Busybody'), Job Thornherry ('John Bull'), Dr. Pangloss (' Heir at Law '), and Dr. Ollajjud (' The Poor (ientleman '). He also played Hamlet, Shy- lock, Orlando, Mercutio, Parolles, Speed, and Touchstone. In 1783 he married Miss Harper. In 1807 he began the delivery of a dramatic and musical monologue called ' Bannister's Budget,' and in 1815 retired from the stage. " Mr. Bannister," wrote Leigh Hunt "(1807), " is the tii'st low comedian on the stage. Let an author present him with a humorous idea, whether it be of jollity, of ludicrous distress, or of grave indifference, whether it be mock heroic, burlesque, or mimicry, and he embodies it with an instantaneous felicity." " Bannister," says Hazlitt, " did not go out of himself to take possession of his part, but put it on over his ordinary dress, like a surtout, snug, warm, and com- fortable. He let his personal character appear through ; and it was one great charm of his acting. . . . His Scrub, his Son-in- law, his part in the ' Grandmother,' his Autolycus, his Colonel Feignwell, and his Walter in ' The Children in the Wood,' were all admirable " (' On Play-going '). " I have seen," says Boaden, "no actor at all near him where he was fully himself." " He was the best actor on the stage," says Oxberry. See 'Secret History of the Green-Room' (1795), Leigh Hunt's 'Performers of the London Theatres ' (1S07), Kelly's ' Reminis- cences ' (1826), Oxberry's 'Dramatic Bio- graphy '(1826), F. Reynolds' 'Reminiscences' (1826), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), ' Me- moirs of John Bannister,' bv Adolphus (1838). Robson's ' Old Playgoer' (1846), W. Donaldson's 'Recollections' (1865), C. R. Leslie's 'Autobiography' (1865), Haydon's ' Correspondence '(18"6), and Lamb's ' Essays of Elia.' Bannister, J. Actor; "created" the roles of Mr. Kerry in ' Light and Shade ' (1879) and Sir Harry Widgeon in Merivale's ' Lord of the Manor ' (1880). He was also seen at the Imperial Theatre, London, as Foigard in 'The Beaux' Stratagem' (1879)» Stephen Harrowby in 'The Poor Gentleman' (1879), and William in 'As You Like It' (1880). Bannister, Nathaniel Harrington. American actor and playwright, born 1813, died 1847 ; made his debut at Baltimore in 1829, and played afterwards at the Chatham and Bowery Theatres, New York. He was the author of the following dramas :— ' Caius Silius ' (q.v.), ' England's Iron Days,' 'The Gentleman of Lyons' (q.v.), 'Infi- delity' (q.v.), 'The Marriage Contract,' * Murrell, the Land Pirate' (q.v.), 'Psam- meticus,' ' Putnam ' (q.v.), ' Robert Emmett' iq.v.), ' The Two Spaniards ' (q.v.), and ' The Wandering Jew' (q.v.). He also adapted ' Titus Andronicus.' See Ireland's ' New York Stage ' and Brown's ' American Stage.' Bannister, Mrs. N. H. (n4e Green). Actress, and wife of the above ; made her debut at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1817. She was long known at the Bowery and other theatres as Mrs. Stone, but in 1837 reappeared in New York as Mrs. Bannister, having married in the interval. She played Cissy in ' Uncle Tom's Cabin ' at the National Theatre in 1853. See Ireland's ' New York Stage.' Bannister, T. B. Dramatic writer ; author of ' Geraldine's Ordeal' (1S71), 'A Theft for a Life ' (1877), ' Mistaken Identity (1882), 'False Lights' (1886), 'The Wlieel of Time ' (1892), ' The Gladiators ' (1893). Banquo, in 'Macbeth' (q.v.), is "a genei-al of the king's army" and father of Fleance. He enters first in act i. sc. 3, and is murdered in act iii. sc. 2. His ghost appears in the scene following. Bantam. (I) Captain and Mrs. Bantan are characters in J. M. Morton's ' Cousii Lambkin ' (q.v.). (2) Nicholas Bantam figure: in Douglas Jerrold's 'Time works Won ders' (q.v.). (3) Squire Bantam is a cha racter in T. J. Williams' ' Lion-Slayer (q.v.) ; and (4) there is a Squire Bantan in Cellier's ' Dorothy ' (q.v.). Banter. (1) Mrs. Banter is a gay widoA in J. V. MiLLiNGEX's 'Ladies at Home (q.v.). (2) Mrs. and Miss Banter figure i: H. T. Craven's ' My Preserver' (q.v.). Bantry Bay. A musical interlude b G. N. Reynolds, based on the attempt c the French to land in Bantry Bay, and firf performed at Covent (larden on February 1: 1797, with Johnstone in the cast. It wa plaved at New York in 1863, with W. I Blake as Billy Bluff. Banville, Theodore de. See Ballai monger; Gkingoire; Kiss, The. BAPTISM AND TEMPTATION 109 BARBER BARON Baptism and Temptation, Of. Two comedies by Bishop Bale {q.v.). Baptista. Fatlier of Katherine and Bianca in ' The Taming of the Shrew' {q.v.). Baptistes. See Tyrannical Govern- ment. Baratas. (1) The chief character in Marlowe's ' 3e\Y of Malta' {q.v.). Charles Lamb has said of him that IMarlowe's Jew "does not approach so near to Shakespeare's, as his ' Edward the Second' does to ' Richard tiie Second.' Barabas is a mere monster brought in with a large painted nose to please the rabble. He kills in sport, poisons whole nunneries, invents infernal machines. He is just such an exhibition as a century or two earlier might have been played before the Londoners 'by the royal command,' when a general pillage and massacre of the Hebrews had been previously resolved on in the cabinet." The part was in the reper- tory of Edmund Kean, who, it is recorded, relieved its monotony by introducing a song ! (2) Barabas is a character in ' The Thirst of Gold • {q.v.). Baradas. Favourite of Louis XIII., in Lord Lytton'S ' Richelieu ' {q.v.). Barark Johnson ; or, The Blind "Witness. A drama in one act, by William Reeve, first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on April 8, 1S44, with N. T. Hicks in the title part, Heslop as the ■witness, and Vale and Mrs. H. Vining in other parts. Barataria ; or, Sancho turned Oovernor. See Quixote, Don. Barbara. A one-act play, by Jerome K. Jero:me, first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, on June 19, 18S6, with Miss Cissy Grahame in the title part. Barbara. A character in Colman's 'Iron Chest' {q.v.). Oxberry says that *' Miss Poole, once playing Barbara, in the scene where she parts from Wil/ord before his trial, omitted the song of ' Down by the River,' and proceeded thus --' Poor Wilford has been dragged to prison, but never can I forget Merrily, oh ! merrily every bosom i)oundeth ! ' " Barbara Allen. A burletta by Charle.s DiBDiN, jun., founded on the famous ballad included' by Allan Ramsay in his ' Tea-Table Miscellany ' (1724) and by Bishop Percy in kis ' Reliques ' (1765). Barbarossa. A tragedy by Dr. Browne {q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on December 17, 1754, with Garrick as Achmet, Mossop as Barbarossa, Havard as Othman, Mrs. Cibber as Zaphira, and Miss Macklin as Irene. Achmet is really Selim, the son of the King of Algiers, whom Barbarossa, the corsair, has murdered and dethroned. Barba7-ossa has hired a ■certain Omar to kill Selim; but Selim has slain Omar, and, by means of a ring, passes himself off upon Barbarossa as a friend of the dead man. He tries to stab Barbarossa, but fails, and is about to be tortured on the rack, when he is rescued by Othman. Bar- barossa is killed, and his daughter, Irene, becomes the bride of Selim. Zaphira is the mother of Selim. The play was revived at Drury Lane and Covent Garden in 1804, with Master Betty as Achmet; and at Drury Lane in 1817, with Kean as Achmet. It was played in New York in 1793, with Sir Richard Crosby in the chief part ; at the Bowery in August, 1846, with Booth, jun., as Barbarossa and Chanfrau as Sadi. Barbazon ; or, The Fatal Peas. An operetta, words by Arthir Matthison {q.v.), and music by F. Wallerstein ; first performed at Drury Lane on September 22, 1877, with the author, Miss H. Coveney, Miss C. Jecks, Miss Stembridge, and E. J. George in the cast. Barbe-Bleue- An opera bouffe, in three acts and four tableaux, music by Jacques Offenbach, libretto by Henry Meilhac and Ludovic Halevy, Paris Varietes, 1866 ; first performed in America at Niblo's Garden in July, 1868 ; first performed in London at the St. James's Theatre, in French, in 1869 ; produced, with an English libretto, at the Gaiety Theatre. London, in July. 1870, with Miss Julia Matthews as Bonlotfe ; in the English provinces in 1877, with Miss Patti Laverne as Boulotte ; at the Avenue Theatre, London, June 16, 1883, with Miss Florence St. John as Boulot'e, Miss Lottie Venne as Fleurette, Miss Maria Davis as the Queen, C. Marius as Popolani, H. Bracy as Barbe-Bleue, T. G. Warren as the Count, J. J. Dallas as the King, and Arthur "Williams as Sapphire ; revived at the Comedy Theatre. London, on January 16, 1885, with Miss St. John as Boulotte. See Bluebeard Re-Paired. Barbe Bleue, Abomeliaue de. See Abomelique de Barbk Blele. Barbeatid, Liandry, figures in 'Fan- chette' {q.v.), ' Fanchon ' {q.v.), 'The Grass- hopper '('/.i'.), and other English versions of George Sand's ' Fadette.' Barber, James- Dramatic writer ; author of ' Tlie Black Law of Martinique," ' La Dame de St. Tropez ' (1845), ' Jonathan ' (1845), ' The Memoirs of the Devil ' (1842), ' Rebecca,' ' The Weaver of Lyons ' (1844), ' Which is the Thief ? ' etc. Barber and his Brothers (The). A musical burletta, taken from ' The Arabian Nights,' and first performed at the Adeljihi Theatre, London, in 1826, with a cast in- cluding Terry, Yates, Wrench, Reeve, T. P. Cooke, and Mrs. Bower. Barber and the Bravo (The); or, The Princess with the Raven Locks. A farcical drama by Isabella Vernier, first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, in October, 1846, with Neville as Abomelique the Secoiid, Prince of Piombino ; E. F. Saville as Popiliqtte, the barber ; and Mrs. E. F. Saville as Kalydora, the Princess. Barber Baron (The) ; or, The Frank- BARBER BRAVO 110 BARMECIDE fort Lottery. A farce, adapted from ' Le Barbier Cliatelain,' by T. J. Thackeray, and first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lundon, on September 8, 1S28, with Farren in the title part (Frissac), BUndal as Colonel £>'Ormsber(j, Mrs. T. Hill as the Countess Olivia, and J. Reeve as Peters. Barber Bravo (The). A play per- formed at Princess's Theatre, London, m 1846, with C. J. Mathews in the cast, and in the same year at the Bowery Theatre, New York. Barber of Bag-dad (The). (1) A farce by E. Fitzball {q.v.), tirst performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, November 20, 1826. (2) An opera by Peter Cornelius, performed, with an English libretto by Rev. aiARMADUKE E. BROWNE, by students of the Royal College of Music, at the Savoy Theatre, London, December 9, 1891. Barber of Bath. (The). An operetta, •words by H. B. Farnie {q.v.), music by J. Offenbach {q.v.), performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on December 18, 1879. Barber of Seville (The). (1) Under this title, Beaumarchais' comedy, ' Le Mariage de Figaro' (1775), was translated into English by jNIrs. Griffiths, published in 1776, but not acted. Then came (2) COL- man's adaptation from Beaumarchais, en- titled 'The Spanish Barber' {q.v.), and performed in 1777. This was revived at Covent Garden in October, 1818— "with the addition of one scene and many songs," says Genest— under the title of (3) ' The Barber of Seville : a comic opera in two acts,' wath Liston as Fifjaro, Jones as Count Almaviva, Fawcett as Br. Bartholo, Simmons as Argus, Blanchard as Tallboy, Mrs. Dickson as Iiosi7ia, and :Mrs. Sterling as Marcellina. (4) 'The Barber of Seville' was the title given to an opera— dialogue by Fawcett, lyrics by Terry, and music by Mozart (from ' Le Nozze de Figaro ')— brought out at Covent Garden in 1824, with Duruset as Figaro, Jones a,s Almaviva, Fawcett as Bai- th'olo, and Miss M. Tree as Eosina. (5) Rossini's opera, ' Le Barbier de Seville,' was performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon- don, in 1824, with additions by Mozart, Fioravanti, Dibdin, and Phillips, and Avith Chapman as Figaro, Bartley as Bartholo, and Phillips as Ahnaviva. See Marriage of Figaro. Barbers at Court. A play, performed in America in 1837, with the Keeleys in the leading parts ; at Niblo's, New York, in June, "1843, with Burton as Hogsjlesh and Walcot as Charles II. Barbers of Bassora (The). A comic opera in two acts, by J. Maudison Morton {q.v.), first performed (with music by John Huilah) at Covent Garden on November 11, 1837, with Leffler and H. Phillips as Mustapha and Kadib, the barbers ; Miss Shirrefi as Beda, and Bartley as Mahmoud. Barclay, James M. Author of 'A Lesson in Love,' comedy (1836). Bardash. An effeminate footman in Leigh's ' Kensington Gardens ' {q.v.). Bardell v. Pick"wick. (1) A farcical sketch in one act, founded by John HoLLlNGSHEAD on the ti'ial in ' Pickwick,' and first produced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on January 24, 1871. (2) An operetta in two acts, words by T. H. Gem, music by Frank Spinney, published at Leamington in 1881. See Great Pickwick Case and Pickwick Papers. Bardolph, in 1 and 2 ' Henry IV,' and ' The Merry Wives of Windsor,' is a corporal in Sir John Falstaff's company, and in ' Henry V.' is promoted to lieutenant. Barefaced Impostors- A farce in one act by "John Doe, Richard Roe, and John Noakes, Esquires," first performed at the Theatre Royal, Canterbury, on August 15, 1854. Barefoot, Little- See Little Bare- foot ; Mitchell, Maggie. Barford, R. Author of 'The Virgin Queen,' a tragedy (1728). See Pope's ' Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,' lines 55, 56, et seq. Bar- ford had displeased Pope by utilizing the latter's " sylph" machinery in a poem called ' The Assembly.' Barker, J. N. American dramatist ; author of ' America,' a masque (1805), ' Tears and Smiles' (1807), 'The Embargo' (1808), ' The Indian Princess ' (1808), ' Marmion ' (1812), ' The Armourer's Escape ' (1817), ' Superstition ' (1824), and ' How to Try a Lover ' (not acted), all of which see. Ireland characterizes Barker as "one of the earliest and best of American authors " (' New York Stage '). See Dunlap's ' American Theatre ' (1832). Barkins, sen. and jun. (1) Cha- racters in Blanchard Jerrold's 'Cool as a Cucumber' {q.v.). (2) A Barkins, sew., and a Barkins, jun., figure also in W. W. Hartopp'S 'Eclipsing the Son' {q.v.). Barksted, William. Actor and poet belonged, in the reign of James I., to the company known as "children of the queen'f revels." In 1G06 he appeared in Jonson'.' ' Epicene,' and in 1613 in Beaumont anc Fletcher's 'Coxcomb' (1613). He was th( author of poems called ' Mirrha ' (1607) anc ' Hiren ' (1611). See Henslowe's ' Diary, Colliei''s ' r^Iemoirs of Actors in Shakespeare': Plays ' (1846), and ' Dictionary of Nationa Biography ' (1885). Barlow. (1) The Rev. Wm. Barlow 1 ' Vicar of Bray,' in Grundy and Solomon' opera so named {q.v.). (2) The Barlows, h H. J. Byron's ' Hundred Thousand Pounds {q.v.), include Joe, his M'ife, and Alice. Barmaid (The). A comedy in thre- acts, by George Dance {q.v.), first peij formed at the Comedy Theatre, Manchestei on August 31, 1891. See NEW Barmaid. Barmecide, The. A "dramatic re mance " in three acts, by H. M. :Milner {q.v.. BARN BURNERS 111 BARNES first performed at Drury Lane on November 3, 1818, with H. Kemble as Giafar, the hero, H. Johnstone as Haroun Al liaschid, Mrs. Orger as Zaida, Harley as Goodman, and Bengough as Aboidcassern. The play was performed in New York in 1819 and 1830. Barn Burners (The). A play by W. Leman REDECg.y.). Barnaby Brittle; or, A "Wife at her "Wits' End. A farce, adapted from Betterton'S 'Amorous AVidow' {q.v.), with suggestions from Mrs. Centlivre's ' Arti- fice,' and from ' Greenwich Park ; ' first per- formed at Covent Garden on April 18, 1781, with Quick as Barnaby, Mrs. Mattocks as MvR. Brittle, Edwin as Jeremy, and other performers as Lovemore, Clodjjole, and Lady Pride ; performed in America in 1797. Barnahy Rudg-e. The story by Charles Dickens has formed the basis of, and given the title to, the following dramatic pieces : — (1) A domestic drama in three acts, adapted by C. Selby ((7.i'.)and C. Melville, and first performed at the English Opera House on Jvme 28, 1841, with Miss Fortes- cue in the title part, Mrs. Selby as Mrs. Rudye, Granby as Gabriel Varden, Mrs. Granby as Mrs. Varden, Miss Fitz- james as Dolly Varden, Robson as Geof- frey Haredale, Selby as Chester, Searle as Simon Tappertit, S. Smith as Black Hugh, and Mrs. Harris as Mifjgs ; played at the Chatham Theatre, New York, in September, 1841, with Mrs. C. Thorne in the title part, C. Thorne as Black Hugh, Kirby as old Budge, and INIrs. Blake as Mrs. Budge, (2) Another version was produced at the Adelphi in December, 1841, with Yates as Chester and Miss Miggs, Mrs. Yates as Mrs. Budge, i\Iiss Chaplin as Barnaby, Paul Bed- ford as Gabriel, "O." Smith as Hugh, and Edward Wright as Tappertit. (3) A play in three acts, by Thomas Higgie (1856). (4) A play by Watts Phillips (q.v.) and F. ViNiNG (q. y.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on November 1-2, 1866, with Miss Katherine Rodgers in the title part, Miss Augusta Thompson as Dolly Varden, S. Calhaem as Tappertit, C. Horsman as Black Htigh, J. G. iihoTesiS Sir John Chester, Mrs. John Wood as Miss Miggs, etc. (5) A drama in four acts, produced at the Marylebone Theatre on November 4, 1870. See also Dolly Varden. Barnacle, Ben. The bo'sun in Ste- phens and Solomon's 'Billee Taylor '(5. v.). Barnard, John. Musical director and composer, born 1812, died 1895 ; was, in his time, orchestral conductor at Drury Lane, the Lyceum, the Olympic, and other London theatres, for which he wrote a good deal, in the way of songs, dances, melodraine, and so forth. Among other things, he supplied music for stage productions of 'Macbeth,' ' Comus,' Byron's ' Manfred,' etc. Barnardine. "A dissolute prisoner" in 'Measure for Measure' {q.v.). Hazlitt describes the character as " one of the finest (and that's saying a bold word) iu all Shake- speare. He is what he is by nature, not by circumstance, ' careless, reckless, and fear- less of past, present, and to come.' " Barnardo and Fiamata. A piece performed at the Rose Theatre on October 29, 1595. See Henslowe's ' Diary.' Barnes, Betty. See Workman, Mrs. Barnes, Charlotte. See Conner,Mrs. Barnes, James, who died in 1838, was " an admired pantaloon in Grimaldi's time" (Dutton Cook). Barnes, John. Actor, died 1841 ; made his debut at tlie Haymarket in 1811 ; first appeared in America in 1816, at the Park Theatre, New York ; was manager for a time of the Richmond Hill Theatre in that city. " He was truly eminent," says Ireland, "in such characters as Sir Anthony Absolute, Sir Abel Handy, Lord Duberly, Cosey, etc. ; and in Old Rapid, Brummagem, Delph, and Nipperkin we have never seen his equal' (' New York Stage.') Among his other parts were Sir Peter Teazle and Lingo. See Brown's ' American Stage.' See, also, Barnes, Mrs. John. Barnes, Mrs. John (Mary). Actress, born in London, 1780, died at New York, 1864 ; made her debut at the Haymarket in 1811, and appeared at Drury Lane in 1815. Her first appearance in America took place in 1816, at the Park Theatre, New York (as Juliet) ; her last, in 1851, at Philadelphia (as Lady Randolph). "She excelled prin- cipally," says Ireland, "in the youthful heroines of ti'agedy, though few ladies have given us high comedy with equal finish, and no roguish boy was ever better personated than by Mrs. Barnes. In melodrama and pantomime her action was always gTaceful, spirited, and correct " (' New York Stage '). Among her characters wei'e JEvadne, Fenella, Aladdin, and the dumb Savoyard. She was the mother of Mrs. Conner (q.v.). See Brown's ♦ American Stage. Barnes, J. H. Actor ; made his stage debut at the Lyceum Theatre, London, iu November, 1871, in 'The Bells' (q.v.). He has since played the following original i:)3,Yts:— Captain Leicis in Halliday's 'Lady of the Lake' (1872), Gordon Lockhart in Byron's ' Old Soldiers ' (1873), Geoffrey Gre- vi'lle in Byron's 'American Lady' (1874), Henri in Harvey's ' Mother ' (1879), Leonide Noirmont in Simpson's 'ZiEah' (1S79), Kiiig Rene in Wills's 'lolanthe' (1880), Captain Crosstree in WUls's 'William and Susan' (1880), Stephen Clinton in 'Pluck' (1882), Richard Orchardson in Buchanan's 'Storm-Beaten' (1883), Rigaud in 'Antoi- nette Rigaud' (1886), Phedaspes in Miss Graves' ' Nitocris ' (1887), Michael Dennis in Frith's 'Her Advocate' (lS95),Z>a7i Graham in Jerome's 'Rise of Dick Halward' (1895), and Professor Jogram in ' Rosemary ' (1896). J. H. Barnes has furthered figured in London as Chateau Renaud in ' The Corsican Brothers' (1876), Sir Leicester Dedlock in BARXETT BARNEY ROURKE ♦Jo' (1876), the Duke in ' Lucrezia Borgia' (1879), Captain FitzHardinge in ' The Iron Chest' (1879), Peter Fletcher in Byron's 'Uncle' (1S79), Henry IV. (1879), Basmnio in ' The Merchant of Venice ' (1S79), Frank Troy in ' Far from the Madding Crowd ' (1882), Macduff in ' Macbeth ' (1SS2), Essex in ' Ehzabeth ' (1SS2), Pygmalion in ' Pyg- maMon and Galatea ' (1883), Ingomar (1883), Claude Melnottein 'TheLady of Lyons'(lS34), Macbeth (1SS6), Tom Cooper in ' Shadows of a Great Citv' (1887), Nicolai Neigoff in 'Siberia' (1837), Brian Fitzgerald in 'The Mysteries of a Hansom Cab' (1888), Pierre Lorance in 'Proof (1889), Geoffrey Blount \si ' A Convict's Wife ' (1S90). In the course of 1874 he played "lead" at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh ; in 1875 he accompanied Miss Xeilson to America, afterwards touring in Canada ; in 1S78 he played Julian Beau- clerc in 'Diplomacy' in the EngUsh pro- vinces ; in 1886 he "created " at Birmingham the part of Harry Oakley in 'By Land and Sea ; ' and in ISSS he paid a second visit to America. Barnett, Alice. Actress and vocalist, granddaughter of Henry Kemble iq.v.)', began her stage career at the Prince of AVales's Theatre, Liverpool, in April, 1879, as Little Buttercup in 'H.M.S. Pinafore' (?. v.). In November of the same year she went to New York, where (at the Fifth Avenue Theatre) she created for American audiences the part of Ruth in ' The Pirates of Penzance ' (^.r.). In 1880 she returned to England, and took up the role of Ruth at the Op^ra Comique until the production of ' Patience' (q.v.), in which she was the original Lady Jane (ISSl). She was the first representative of the Queen of the Fairies in 'lolanthe' (1882), and of L>ame Courtlandt in Gilbert and Carr's ' His Excellency ' (1894). Barnett, Benjamin. Actor; brother of Morris Barnett I'j.v-) ; was playing at the Lyceum Theatre, London, circa 1855. Barnett, C. Z. Dramatic writer; author or hbrettist of the following pieces :— ' The Phantom Bride ' (1830), ' The Youthful Days of AVilliam IV.' (1831), 'Dominique' (1831), ' Victorine ' (1831), ' The Dream of Fate ' (1838), 'Oliver Twist' (adapted, 1S3S), 'Farinelli' (1839), ' The Loss of the Roval George ' (1840), 'The Bohemians of Paris' (1843), 'The Christmas Carol' (adapted, 1844), ' Don Cfesar de Bazan ' (1844), ' La Polka ' (1844), ' Mid- night' (1845), 'Mrs. Caudle' (1845), 'The Minute Gun at Sea' (1845); also, 'The Bravo,' ' The Bell-ringer of Notre Dame,' ' Bier Kroeg,' ' The Banks of Allan Water,' 'Csesar Borgia,' 'The Coroner's Inquest,' 'The Catteran's Son,' 'Claude Lorraine,' * Fair Rosamond,' ' Hugh the Gypsey,' * Linda,' ' Mariette Duval,' ' The Mariner's Dream,' ' The Pearl of Savoy,' ' Quasimodo,' -* The Rise of the Rothschilds,' ' Swing,' 'The Skeleton Hand,' 'Stella Rittersdorf,' 'Titus Caesar,' 'The Vow of Silence.' Barnett, Jolin. Musical composer, born July, 1S02 ; was the son of Bernhard Beer, a Prussian, who, settling in England, took the name of Barnett Barnett. John Barnett sang, as a boy, at the Lyceum under S. J. Arnold, and, having studied under C. E. Horn ('^.r.), began to write for the stage in 1825, when Peake's 'Before Breakfast' (q.v.), for which he had provided music, was brought out at the above-named theatre. After this came his share in ' Charles XII,' (1828), ' The Carnival of Naples ' (1830), ' The Pet of the Petticoats' (1831), 'Olympic Revels ' (1831), and other pieces. In 1S32 he-i was made orchestral director of the Olympic i Theatre, under Madame Vestris, and, "while there, furnished music for many of hen productions. His more important works for the theatre include ' The Mountain Sylph '' (1834), 'Fair Rosamond' (1837), and 'Fari- nelli' (1838), all of which see. His minor productions include the music written for ' Blanche of Jersey ' (1S37), ' Country Quar- ters,' ' Court of Queen's Bench,' ' The Deuce is in her,' ' Married Lovers,' ' Monsieur Mallet,' ' The Paphian Bower,' ' The Pictu- resque,' ' Robert the DevU,' ' The Soldier'! Widow,' 'Two Seconds." Barnett, John Francis. Musical composer, nephew of J. Barnett, born 1838 ; author, among many works for the orchestra, of an overture to ' The Winter's Tale'(lS73). Barnett, Morris. Actor, dramatist and musical critic, born 1800, died ai Montreal, Canada, March IS, 1856 ; mad* his debut as an actor at Brighton ; in 183* he played at Drury Lane, appearing as Ton Drops in Douglas Jerrold's 'Schoolfellows (q.v.) ; in 1837 he was at the St. James' playing Monsieur Jacques in his own piece in 1842 he was again at Drury Lane ; in 184 he figixred at the Princess's in the title cha racter of 'The Old Guard' {q.v.); and ii September, 1854, before going to Ameri he gave some farewell performances a the Adelphi. He wrote the followii pieces for the stage :—' Tact' (1830), 'Tt Yellow Kids' (1835), 'The Spirit ( the Rhine' (1835), 'Monsieur Jacquei (1836), 'Power and Principle' (adapt 1850), ' Lilian Gervais ' (adapted, 1853 ' The Married Unmarried' (1854) ; also, ' Tl Bold Dragoons,' ' BoiTowed Feathers,' ' Ci cumstantial Evidence,' ' The King and Croney,' ' Mrs. G. of the Golden Pippit ' Richard Turpin and Tom King,' ' Suppei Over,' 'Sai"ah the Creole' (' Sarah Blangi' ' The Serious Familv,' ' The Yankee Pedler with B. Barnett, ' Out on the Loose ' (185 and, with C. J. Mathews, ' Serve him Righ (1850). G. A. Sala describes him as remarkably clever man— a Hebrew of tt Hebrews, with a pronounced musical facul and extraordinary powers of mimicry (' Life and Adventures '). Barney Brallag-lian. A play pt formed at the Park Theatre, New York, January, 1831, with Master Burke as tl hero, Placide as Weatherproof, Mrs. Walla as Judy O'Callaghan. Barney Rourke. A play perfonned ; BARNEY THE BARON 113 BARRETT the Olympic Theatre, New York, March, 1841. Barney the Baron. A farce, played at the National Theatre, New York, in Sep- tember, 1850, under the first title of ' For- tune's Whims,' with B. Williams as Barney O'Toole. Barnum, Phineas T. Tlieatrical manager and general entrepreneur ; born at Danbury, Connecticut, July, 1810 ; was lessee successively of Niblo's Garden (1835), Vaux- hall Garden (1840-1), Lyceum and Museum, Philadelphia (1849), Winter Garden Theatre, New York (after 1865), etc. It was under his auspices that the Bateman children (q.v.) appeared in London in 1851. See his Auto- biography (1889). Barnum's Museum. See New York Theatres. Barnwell, Georg-e. See George Barnwell. Baron (The). A comedy " from Celenio " by Fannv Holcroft; printed iu 'The Theatrical Recorder ' (q.v.). Baron, Robert. Dramatic writer, born, according to Langbaine, in 1630 ; author of ' Mirza,' a tragedy (q.v.). Winstanley, in his 'Lives of the English Poets,' also ascribes to him 'Don Quixote; or. The Knight of the Ill-favoured Countenance,' 'The De- struction of Jerusalem,' ' Deorum Dona,' 'Gi'ipus and Ilegio,' and other dramatic ftieces. See Langbaine, Winstanley, Phil- ips's 'Theatruni J'oetaruni,' ' Biographica Dramatica' (1812), Ilalliwell Phillips's 'Dic- tionary of Old Plays ' (1860), ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). Baron Golosh. An opera-bouffe in two acts, adapted from IVLaurice Ordonneau and Edmond Audran's ' LOncle Celestin,' with additional numbers by Meyer Lutz ; first performed at the Star Theatre, Swansea, April 15, 1895, and produced at the Trafalgar Square Theatre, London, on April 25, 1895, with E. J. Lonnen in the title part, and other characters by Harry Paulton, Scott Russell, Frank Wyatt, Miss Florence Perry, Miss Sylvia Grey, and Miss M. A. Victor, Baron Kinkvervankotsdorspra- king-atchdern. A musical comedy in three acts, founded by Miles Peter An- drews (q.v.) on a novel by Lady Craven, and first acted at the Haymarket on July 9, 1781, with Digges as the 'Baron, Edwin as Pan- gloss, and Palmer, Wewitzer, Baddeley, and Mrs. Webb in other parts. Van Bote r ham, a tradesman, proposes that his son Franzcl shall marry the Baron's daughter Cecil. The Baron indignantly refuses, and locks his daughter up ; but Cec(7, who loves Franzcl, escapes from durance, and the couple are secretly married by Pangloss, the curate, whom the Baron has turned out of doors, and who thus repays the insult. Baron Rudolph- A serio-comic drama infour acta, byBRONSON Howard (q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal, Hull, August, 1881 ; produced at Fourteenth Street Theatre, New York, in 1887. Baron's Wagrer (The). A play in one act, by Sir Charles Young (q.v.), first performed at Scarborough, February 7, 1881, by the author and Lady Monckton; performed at New York in January, 1887. Baroness (The). (1) A play by T. B. de Walden (q.v.), performed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in 1872. (2) A comic opera in three acts, written and composed by Cotsford Dick, Royalty Theatre, London, October 5, 1892. Baronet (The). A comedy drama by E. Howard Vincent, first performed at the Theatre Royal, Bury, on July 3, 1885. Baronet Abroad (The) and the Rustic Prima Donna. A musical drama in one act, by F. J. Hornr, first performed at the St. James's Tlieatre, London, on November 9, 1864, with F. Mat- tliews as Sir Fitful Green, the baronet, and INIiss Constant Roden as Susette, the prima donna. Barrack-Room (The). A comedietta by Thomas Haynes Bayly (q.v.), first played in America at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1836, with Miss E. Tree as Clarisse. Mrs. ;Maeder played Clarisse in New York in 1840. Barresford, Mrs. (nde Wilford).. Actress, known for some years as Mrs. Bulkeley ; died at Dumfries, 1792 ; performed at Covent Garden between 1764 and 1780; went to the Haymarket in 1782, thence to> Drury Lane in 1782-84, returning to the Hay- market in the last-named year. She lefi. London in 1789, and acted in Edinburgh till 1791. She created, among other parts, those- of Mrs. Richland in 'The Good-natured Man,' Charlotte in ' Man and Wife ' (1769-70), Emily in ' Cross Purposes,' Miss Hardcastle in ' She Stoops to Conquer,' Julia in ' The Rivals,' and Letty in ' Tit for Tat.' Among her other roles were Cordelia, Portia (' Mer- chant of Venice '), Rosalind, Beatrice, Viola,. Dame Kitely, Itnogen, Mrs. Ford, Mrs. Page, Mrs. Oakley ('The Jealous Wife'), Lady- Toivnley ('The Provoked Husband'), Lady Betty Modish ('The Careless Husband'), and Hypolita (' She Would and She Would Not'). Barrett, Georg-e Edward. Actor, brother of Wilson Barrett (q.v.); born December, 1849, died 1894 ; made his debut at the Theatre Royal, Durham, in 1866, in 'The Woman in Red,' and had acted in many provincial towns before, in 1872, he made his first appearance in London. This took place at the St. James's Theatre in the roles of Dr. Brown in Robertson's 'Progress' (q.v.), and of Navet in the comic opera, ' Vert Vert' (ij.i'.). He afterwards made successes a.fi Bullock in 'East Lynne' (g.i'.)and the G7iost in a travesty of ' Hamlet* (q.v.). After a visit to India, ^vhere he sup- ported C. J. Mathews, he came back to BARRETT 114 BARRETT London, where he appeared at the Criterion, the Folly, and the Globe. He was in the origninal casts of Matthison's ' Mary's Secret ' (1876) and Reece's 'The Lion's Tail' (1877). Under his brother's management at the Princess's he created the following parts :— Jarvis in ' The Lights o' London ' (1S81), Boss Knivett in ' The Romany Rye' (1SS2), Daniel Jaikes in 'The Silver King' (1882), Belos in •Claudian' (1883), Kat Boaden in Jones's 'Chatterton' (1881), Boh Atkins in 'The Colour Sergeant' (1884), Ben Chibbles in ' Hoodman Blind' (1885), Tribulation Tizack in 'The Lord HaiTy' (1SS6), and Dick Vim- pany in 'The Noble Vagabond' (18SC), Among other parts created by him in Lon- don s,re— George in ' Christina ' (1SS7), the title role in ' The Alderman ' (1887), Pcngclly in ' The Golden Band' (1887), Samuel Peckaby in ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887), Davy in ' Ben My Chree' (1888). ColdbathJoe in ' Good Old Times ' (1889), Dick Darling in ' Nowadays ' (1889), Gabriel in ' The People's Idol ' (1S90), Flip-Flapin ' The Acrobat ' (1891), Bob Tran- ter in ' Fate and Fortune ' (1891), and Doidas in ' The Wedding Eve ' (1892). He played the First Gravedigger in 'Hamlet' at the Prin- cess's in 1884, Colonel Da mas in 'The Lady of Lyons ' at the Globe in 1888, Peter in ' The Stranger' at the Olympic in 1891, Grinnidge in 'Miami' {q.v.) at the Princess's in 1891, and Don Whiskerandos at the Haymarket in 1892. In the later seventies, he appeared in the English provinces as Brisket in ' Pink Domino's ,' and the Bailie in ' Les Cloches de Corneville ' Iq.v.). He was one of the repre- sentatives of Sir Joseph Trent in ' The Book- maker ' {.q.v). In 1886 he played in America as a member of his brother's company. Barrett, George H. Actor, son of Giles L. Barrett {q.v.); born at Exeter, 1794 ; died at New York, ISGO ; appeared at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1806, as Young Xorval, and at the same theatre, in 1S22, as Belcour in 'The West Indian ; ' was married to Mrs. Henry in 1825 ; was assistant stage manager of the Bowery Theatre in 1S2S ; played at Burton's Theatre in 1854-5 ; and bade farewell to the stage at New York in the latter year. He was the father of Georgina and Mary Barrett, and was familiarly known as " Gentleman George." Ireland (' New York Stage') de- scribes him as "an intellectual and dis- ■criminating actor." Among his best parts -were Sir Andrevj Aguecheek, Flute ('Mid- summer Night's Dream') and Bobadil. Barrett, IVErs. Georgre (Mrs. Henry). Actress, born at Philadelphia, ISOl ; died at Boston, 1853 ; first appeared on the stage in 1813, at Boston, U.S.A., as a dancer ; married W. C. Drummond in 1817 ; made her New York debut in 1824 as Letitia Hardy; married George H. Barrett in 1825 ; last ap- peared at New York in 1850 and at Boston in 1853. Among her parts were Mrs. Oakley ('The Jealous Mife'), Lady Teazle, Lady Gay Spanker, and Clara Douglas (' Money '). " In the lines of gay, graceful, and refined comedv she has been seldom equalled" (Ireland, ' New York Stage '). Barrett, Giles Leonard, actor, after {)erforming in the English provinces, made lis first appearance in America at Boston, in 1796, as -Ra nger in ' The Suspicious Husband ' ■ {q.v.). He made his debut in New York (as Don Felix in ' The Wonder') in 1797, acting there as late as 1803. He died in 1809. He was the father of George H. Barrett {q.v.). See Ireland's 'New York Stage' and Brown's ' American Stage,' Bernard's ' Recollec- tions ' and Dunlap's ' American Theatre.' Barrett, Mrs. Giles Leonard, actress, was a pupil of :^Lacklin {q.v.), and made her d^but in London as Portia. She was known in England as ]Mrs. Rivers. She first appeared in America at Boston, in 1797: as Mrs. Beverley in 'The Gamester' {q.v.), and played at New York theatres in 1798.: 1821, and 1826. She died in 1832. Ireland ^ (' New York Stage ') calls her " a skilful anc, accomplished actress." See, also. Brown'.'; ' American Stage ' (1870). i Barrett, Laurence [Larry Branniganji Actor, born, according to one authority, ijl 1832 ; according to another, in 1836 (at NeT^ York), and, according to a third, in 1S3S (aj. Paterson, New Jersey, U.S.A.) ; made hi! professional debut at Detroit, ]NIichigan, i:i 1853. Thence he went to Pittsburg, St.' Loui.': Chicago, etc. ; and at last, in 1856, to Nc York, where he made his first appearance a Sir Thomas Clifford in ' The Hunchback In February, 1857, he began an engagemei at the ISIetropolitan Theatre, where he w; seen in such parts as Florizel in ' A Winter Tale"' and Fagin in ' Oliver Twist.' In tl autumn of 1858 he went to the Bostr Museum, opening as Frederick Braral in 'The Poor Gentleman,' and remainii there two years, after which he migrated the Howard Athenreum in the same cit Next came engagements at Philadelphi Washington, and New York, at the la.- named of which he figured as lago. I then became co-manager of the Varietif New Orleans, where he revived ' Rosedal {q.v.), playing the chief character. Duri a season' at" San Franci.sco, in 1867-8, appeared as Hamlet. In 1868 he visited Ei land, and acted for six nights at Liverj^f as Hamlet, Richard III., and Claude M notte. In January, 1869, he became, foi time, co-manager with John ]\IcCullogh ., the California Theatre, San Francisco. 1870 he appeared as an actor at Nibll Garden and Booth's Theatre, New Yof At the last-named house he played Leon\ in ' The Winter's Tale,' and was the fi| representative in America of James HaS bell in 'The Man o' Airlie' {q.v.). ]J twelve months he directed the Varietal Theatre, New Orleans (1S71-2). In 187 he appeared at Booth's Theatre, New Yc , as Cassias in ' Julius Ca?sar ' — a performa. ) which he repeated at the same theatre i 1875. To 1876 belongs his appearance i New York as Kiiig Lear, which wasfollo\ I bv his Dan'l Druce (the first in America i 1877. In 1878 he "created" at New Y : the title'part in HowelLs's 'Yorick's Lc ' {q.v.), and in 1881 that of Rin^ Arthuii BARRETT BARRICADE Young's 'Pendragon' (q.v.). In 1882 he played Lanclotto in Boker's ' Francesca da Rimini' at the Chestnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, reviving the piece next year at the Star Theatre, New York. A professional visit to London in 1884 presented him, at the Lyceum, as Yorick (April 12) and as Richelieu (April 28). At New York in 1887 he played Rienzi in Miss Mitford's tragedy. He died on March 20, 1891. For biography, see 'Actors and Actresses of New York' (1886), and for criticism, William Winter's 'Shadows of the Stage' (second series). "Laurence Barrett," .says Winter, "was always conspicuously fine in the felicity with which he grasped his author's ideal, and the fidelity with which he conveyed it. ■ . . . No figures have stood upon the stage that are more sharply individualized, more distinct, more formidable, more readily re- membered than those of Cassius, Harebell, • Yorick, Lanciotto, and King James V. of Scotland, as presented by Laurence Barrett. . . . He saw them comprehensively ; he in- vested himself with their distinct personali- ties ; he made them actual men, while at the same time he sustained the element of charm in them by poetry of treatment in the expression of their characters. To that group he added, in the same lofty spirit, and with the same fine skill, the figure of Ganelon." Barrett, "W. A. Musical critic ; author of the Ubretto of ' Moro ' (q.v.) (1SS2) ; also of a ' Life of Michael William Balfe ' (1882). Barrett, "Wilson. Actor, playwright, and theatrical manager ; maile his debut as an actor at Halifax in 1864, appearing afterwards at Leeds, Liverpool, Notting- , ham, Aberdeen, and other provincial centres. Having married Miss Caroline llea.ih.{q.v.), he toured with her for some years in :'East Lynne' and other pieces. His first I appearance in London was at the Surrey Theatre as Tom Jiobinson in 'It is Never too Late to Mend.' His first experience of (theatrical management was at Halifax. In 1874 he became lessee and manager of the Amphitheatre, Leeds, where he produced Wills's 'Jane Shore' (q.v.), plaving Henry Shore himself. In 1877 he assumed the direction of the Theatre Royal, Hull, and in the following year the control of the Grand Theatre, Leeds, which he opened on Novem- ber 18 with ' Much Ado about Nothing,' in which he \>\a.yed Benedick. September, 1879, saw him lessee and manager of the Court Theatre, London, where he began vdth an adaptation of Sardou's 'Fernande,' in which he represented Pomerol. Here, too, he figured as the first representative of Be Courcij in H. J. Byron's ' Courtship' (1879), |as Mercutio in ' Romeo and Juliet ' (1881), .and as the original Friar John in Wills's . Juana' (1881). In June, 1881, Wilson Bar- rett, having left the Court, undertook the .management of the Princess's, London, ?v-hich he retained for five years. Here f IP® appeared first as Henri de Sartorys ■ J" *^rou-Frou' (1881) and John Straiten in > 1 ihe Old Love and the New ' (1881). Then came a succession of original roles— Harold Armytaqe in 'The Lights o' London' (1881), Jack Hearne in ' The Romany Rye ' (1882), Wilfrid Denver in ' The Silver King ' (1882)', Claudian in the drama so named (1883), and Chatterton in the one-act play so named (1884). Next came a revival of ' Hamlet,' with him- self in the title part (October, 1884) ; after which came some further " creations "— Lucius Junius in Lord Lytton's 'Junius' (1885), Jack Yeulett in ' Hoodman Blind ' (1885), Lord Harry Bendish in 'The Lord Harry ' (1886), and Clito in the play so named (1886). Barrett's next London management was at the Globe Theatre, where he ap- peared in 1887 as the original Frank Thorn- hill in ' The Golden Ladder,' and in 1SS8 as Claude Melnotte. In May, 1SS8, he began a second occupancy and direction of the Prin- cess's Theatre, producing 'Ben My Chree,' with himself as Dan (1888), ' The Good Old Times,' with himself as John Langley (1889), and ' Nowadays,' with himself as John Sex- ton (1889). In December, 1890, he became lessee and director of the Olympic Theatre, opening- it with 'The People's Idol' (q.v.), in which he was the original Laurence St. Aubrey. Here, in 1891, he played the name- part in 'The Stranger,' and two original rdles— the name-part in ' Father Buonaparte ' (q.v.), Louis Belphegor in 'The Acrobat' (q.v), and also the Miser in S. W. Mitchell's one-act drama so named (q.v.). During sub- sequent provincial tours he played, in" 1891, Othello ; in 1892, the name-part in ' Pharaoh' (q.v.) ; and in 1894, Pete in 'The Manxman' (qv.). While in America, in 1895, he pro- duced ' The Sign of the Cross,' in which he was the original Marcus Sujierbus—a, role first played by him in London in 1896. Wilson Barrett is the author of the follow- ing drauiatic pieces (some of them named above) : — ' Twilight ' (1871), ' Nowadavs ' (1889), 'The Acrobat' (1891), 'Jenny the Barber' (1891), 'Pharaoh' (1892), 'The Manxman ' (1894). 'The Sign of the Cross' (1895), 'The Christian King,' in which he "created" the rdle of King Alfred (1902), 'In the Middle of June,' in which he also appeared (1903), 'The Never Never Land' (1!»04), etc. He is also part-author, Avitli Clement Scott, of ' Sister Mary '(1886) ; with H. A. Jones, of ' Hoodman Blind ' (1885) and •The Lord Harry' (1886); with Sydney Grundy, of 'Clito' (1886) ; with G. R. Sims, of ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887) ; with Hall Caine, of 'Ben My Chree ' (1888) and 'The Good Old Times ' (1889) ; with Victor Wid- nell, of 'The People's Idol' (1890); and with C. Hannan, of ' Our Pleasant Sins ' (1893). Barricade (The). A drama in a pro- logue and four acts, by Clarance Holt (q.v.), founded on Victor Hugo's ' Les Miser- ables' (q.v.) ; first performed at Croydon in October, 1869 ; first produced in London on September 7, 1878, at the Duke's Theatre, with the author as Valjean, Mrs. Digby Willoughby as Fantine (and Cosette), and Miss May Holt as Eponine. See Yellow Passport and Valjean. BARRIE 116 BARRY Barrie, James Mattliew. Dramatic and mi.see]laneous ^vriter, born 1S60 ; author of the following plavs : — 'Ibsen's Ghost' (1891), • Walker, London ' (1^92), ' The Pro- fessor's Love-Story' (1S92), 'Becky .Sharp,' an adaptation (1S93), 'The Little Minister' (1S97), ' The Wedding Guest ' (19(X)), ' Quality Street' (1902), 'The Admirable Crichton' (1902), and ' Little Mary ' (1903) ; also part- author, with H. B. Marriott-Watson, of ' Richard Savage ' (1S91), and, with A. Conan Doyle, of ' Jane Annie ' (1593). Barring-ton Rutland [George Rut- land Barrington Fleet]. Actor, vocalist, dra- matic writer, and theatrical manager, born 1S53 ; made his professional debut on Sep- tember 1, 1&74, at the Olympic Theatre, London, as Sir George Bardaji in 'Lady Clancarty ' (g.r.). In 1875-7 he took part in entertainments given in London by Miss Emily Faithf ull and in the English provinces by Mrs. Howard Paul. Thence he went to the Opera Comique, where he was the first representative of Dr. Daly in ' The Sorcerer' (1877), Captain Corcoran in 'H.M.S. Pina- fore' (1S7S), the Serjeant of Police in 'The Pirates of Penzance' (ISSO), and Grosvenor in 'Patience' (ISSI) ; thence, again, to the Savoy Theatre, where he was the original jEarl of Mountararat in 'lolanthe' (1*S2), Kino Hildehrand .in 'Princess Ida' (1SS4), Pooh-Bah in ' The Mikado ' (1SS5), and Sir Despard Murgatroyd in ' Ruddigore ' (1SS7). In 1885 he had "created" the part of Dr. Dozey in 'The Silver Shield' {q.v.). He was the judge in ' Trial by Jury ' at the Lyceum in 1887, Chrysosin '"Pygmalion and Galatea ' at the same theatre' in 1^88. In the last-named year he played Mr. Barnes in 'To the Death' {q.v.) at the Olympic. In 1SS8, also, he became lessee of the St. James's Theatre, where he produced, in October, 'The Dean's Daughter' {q.v.\ in which he played the Dean ; and in November, ' Brantinghame Hall' {q.v.) by W. S. Gilbert, in which he represented Mr. Thursby. After this he was in the cast of 'Merry Margate ' {q.v.) and ' Penelope ' (g v.) at the Comedy (1889). Then came the fol- lowing original parts — Admiral Brabazon in ' The Inheritance' {q.v.), Colonel Percival in 'A Chance Interview' {q-v.), and Admiral Vincent in 'Faithful James' {q.v.) — all in 1889, to which year belongs also his Christo- pher in 'Locked In' {q.v.). In 1SS9 he re- turned to the Savoy to "create" Guiseppe Palmieri in ' The Gondoliers,' the Rajah in 'The^2iVitchGivV {liQl), Sir James Hanbury in ' Bartonmere Towers ' {q-v.) (1892), and to play the Fi-ev. W. Barlow in the revived ' Vicar of Bray ' {q.v.) (1892). Later original parts there were his Rupert Vernon in ♦ Haddon Hall ' (1892), his Proctor in ' Jane Annie ' (1S93), his King Paramount in ' Uto- pia Limited ' (1893), and his Ludu-ig in ' The Grand Duke ' (1896). He was in the original casts of ' A Greek Slave' (1^98), '.San Toy' (1899\ ' A Country Girl ' (1902), ' The Cinga- lee' (1904). He is the author of two plays named above— 'To the Death' {q.v.), and 'Bartonmere Towers' {q.t.)\ he has also written the "book" of ' A Knight Errant" (1894) of ' Water Babies ' (1902), and of some other small musical pieces. Barring-tons (The). A drama in four acts, by A. J. Adair Fitzgerald and J. H. Merri FIELD, Novelty Theatre, London, March 6, 1SS4. Barrister (The). (1) A play in two acts, adapted from the ' Gabrielle ' of Augier ('7.1'), and first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on March 1, 1852, with Creswick as Claremont (the barrister), and H. Widdicomb as Yellaboy (a lawyer). The piece was revived at the Princess's on November 30, 1859, under the title of ' Home Truths,' with G. Melville as Claremont^' J. G. Shore as Maitland, F. Matthews as Yellaboy, Mrs. C. Young as Mrs. Clarenumt, and Miss C. Leclercq as Mrs. Yellaboy. When the original play was produced in Paris,' Regnier played the title part and Samson, the lawyer. The adaptation has beer printed under the name of ' Good for Evil.. (2) A comedy in three acts, by J. H Darnlev and G. Ma.nville Fenn ; firs performed at the Grand Theatre, Leeds; -March 19, 1887; first time in London ai Comedy Theatre, September 6, 1887, witlj J. H. Darnley in the title part {Arthv Maxacll), and other roles by Walter Everarr F. Mervin, Miss H. Leyton, Miss A. Verit> Miss S. Vaughan, etc. ; played in Americ in the same year ; revived at the Royalt Theatre, London, in May, 1890. Barron,Cliarles. See Moral Crime, i* Barrow, Mrs. See Bennett, Julia. Barry, Elizabeth. Actress, born 165 died 1713 ; is said to have been thedaughti of a barrister (afterwards known as Colon Barry), and to have been at one tin under the care of Lady Davenant. Antoi Aston says that, when the Earl of Rochest secured her appearance on the stag she was "woman" to Lady Shelton Norfolk. Certain it is that her deb was made at Dorset Garden about 1673, Queen of Hungary in ' Mustapha,' and th at first she was by no means a success. " S was, at the end of the first year, discharj the company, among others that wt thought to be a useless expense to i However, she appeared again in 1675, a thence continuously till 1652, when s figured at the Theatre Royal. With tl establishment she was associated till 16 when she made her entrre at Lincoln's I Fields. In 1705 she went to the Haymark going to Drury Lane in 1708, and return to the HaymaVket in 1709-10. In the lat year she withdrew from the .stage. It w-o . seem that she was the first distingiiisl - English performer for whose benefit a j • formance was given. She was the raisti J not only of Rochester but of Sir Geo J Etherege, and her moral character genen/ is described as of the worst. Among V original roles (which were very numen ) were Monimia in 'The Orphan,' B'lvio i in ' Venice Preserved,' Alcuicna in "Amj - BARRY 117 BARRY tryon,' Casnandra in ' Cleomenes,'. Lady Toitchwoud in ' The Double Dealer,' Zara in 'The Mourning Bride,' Isabella in 'The Fatal Marriage,' Lady Brute in 'The Pro- voked Wife,' Arpasia in ' Tamerlane,' Altemira in the tragedy so named, Calista in 'The Fair Penitent,' Clarissa in 'The Confederacy,' Phcedra in the tragedy so named, and Rodogime in ' The Royal Convert.' Among her other parts were Mrs. Page, Queen Katherine (' Henry VIII.'), Lady Mac- beth, Cordelia (in Tate's 'Lear'), Panthea ('King and No King'), Evadne ('Maid's Tragedy '), Cleopatra (' All for Love '), Iloxana ('Alexander the Great'), Mrs. Frail (' Love for Love ') and Lady Easy (• The Careless Husband'). "With all her enchantment," writes Antony Aston, "this fine creature was not handsome ; her mouth opening most on the right side, which she strove to draw the other way; and at times com- posing her face as if to have her picture drawn. She was middle-sized, had darkish hair, light eyes, and was indifferent plump. She had a manner of drawing out her words, which suited her. ... In tragedy she was solemn and august ; in comedy alert, easy, and genteel ; pleasant in her face and action, filling the stage witli a variety of gesture." " In characters of greatness," says Gibber, " she had a presence of elevated dignity ; her mien and motion superb and gracefully majestic ; her voice full, clear, and strong, •so that no violence of passion could be too much for her ; and when distress or tender- ■ness possessed her, she subsided into the most affecting melody and softness. In the art of exciting pity she had a power beyond all the actresses I have yet seen." Dryden, in one of his prefaces, speaks of Mrs. Barry as ''always excellent." See Gildon's ' Com- parison between the Two Stages' (1702), Curll's ' History of the Stage ' (1741), Aston's Supplement to T. Gibber's 'Lives of Actors and Actresses ' (1753), C. Gibber's ' Apology ' (1740), Davies' ' Dramatic Miscel- lanies' (1784), C. Dibdin's 'History' (1800), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832). Barry, Helen. Actress, born in Kent ; made her debut at Co vent Garden Theatre in August, 1872, as the Princess Fortinbrasse in 'Babil and Bijou' {q.v.). Since then she has been the first representative of the folloAving roles :— Queen Selene in 'The Happy Land ' (1873), Edith Dombey in Halli- day's ' Heart's Delight ' (1873), the Countess Armando in Boucicault's 'Led Astray' (1874), Aouda in 'Round the World in Eighty Days' (1875), Constance in Morti- mer's ', Heartsease' (1875), Mrs. Clarkson in 'L'Etrangere' (1876), Diana Carmen in Marston's ' True till Death ' (1876), Ethel in 'Ethel's Revenge' (1876), Mrs. Buster in Boucicault's ' Forbidden Fruit ' (1880), Mabel Huntinyford in 'The World' (ISSO), Mrs. Mandeville in 'A Woman of the World' (1886), Catherine Marston in 'Her Trustee' (1887), and Clara in 'Held Asunder' (1888). She has also appeared in London as Lady Clancarty, the Countess in 'The Two Or- phans' (1878), Lady Helen in 'Twine the Plaiden' (1878), Eve de Malvoisie in ' \ outh ' (ISSI), the Corintess D'Autreval in ' The Ladies' Battle ' (1888), Madge Oli- phant in ' After ' (1888), and Rachel in ' The Esmondes of Virginia' (1888). She was the first representative of Margaret in Taylor's 'Arkwright's Wife' (Leeds, 1873), and of Eleanor in ' Caryswold ' (Liverpool, 1877). Helen Barry's first visit to the United States was paid in May, 1883, when she appeared at the Union Square Theatre, New York, as Margaret in ' Arkwright's Wife.' In April, 1884, she "created" at the Union Square Theatre, New York, the role of the heroine of 'The Fatal Letter' {q.v.). Her repertory includes, further. Lady Macbeth, Katherine ('Taming of the Shrew'), Lady Teazle, Lydia Languish, Lady Gay Spanker, Su- zanne ('A Scrap of Paper'), Lady Isabel ('East Lynne), and Mrs. Sutherland ('A Lesson in Love '). She is part-author with Gus Thomas of * A Night's Frolic ' {q.v.). Barry, liudovrick. Dramatic writer ; " of ancient and honourable family in Ire- land ; " author of ' Ram Alley ; or. Merry Tricks ' (q.v.), a comedy first printed in 1611. See Wood's ' Athenaj Oxonienses ' (1813-20), Langbaine's ' Dramatic Poets ' (1691), Whin- cop's ' List of English Dramatic Poets ' (1747), the 'Biographia Dramatica' (1812), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832). Barry, Shiel. Actor, born in County Kildare, Ireland ; made his debut in Aus- tralia in 1859. After C(msiderable expe- rience there and in the English provinces, he made his first bow to a London audience at the Princess's Theatre in September, 1870, as the Doctor in Boucicault's ' Rap- paree' (q.v.) and Paddy Miuyhy in 'The Happy Man' (q.v.). These were followed by appearances in ' Peep o' Day ' (Barney O'Toole), ' Arrah-na-Pogue ' (Michael Feeney). •The Colleen Bawn,' and other dramas of Irish life and character, in which he sub- sequently appeared in the United States, Canada, and the West Indies. Returning to England in 1875, he was the first repre- sentative in London of Harvey Duff in ' The Shaughraun' (q.v.). Then came, in 1878, his highly successful GasjMrd, the miser, in 'Les Cloches de Corneville' (q.v.) — a role which he sustained for a long time at the Folly and Globe Theatres and in the country. It was followed by his Wild Murtogh in a London revival of ' Green Bushes ' (1880). He was not seen again in the English me- tropolis till Christmas, 1889, when he figured as Scroogina in the pantomime of ' Cinde- rella ' at the Haymarket. In 1800 he repre- sented Chickanague in the opera of ' The Black Rover ' (q.v.) at the Globe. Barry, Sprang-er. Actor, born at Dublin, 1719, died 1777 ; was brought up as a silversmith, became bankrupt, and took to the stage. His debut was made at the Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin, in February, 1744. and he continued to perform there till October, 1746, wlien he made his first London appearance as Othello at Drury Lane. Here he remained, sharing the best parts with BARRY 118 BARSANTI Garrick, till 1750, when he went to Covent Garden, where, for the next eight years, he was the acknowledged rival of his great con- temporary. In 1754-5 he paid a flying visit to Dublin. In 1759 he went thither Avith Woodward to open the Crow Street Theatre, which they had built ; and the partners, two years later, started another venture— a new theatre at Cork. Woodward returned to London in 1762, but Barry remained in management till 1767, when he appeared at the Haymarket. In the same year he was re-engaged at Drury Lane, with which he was associated till 1774, the remainder of his professional career being passed at Covent Garden. He was married to Mrs. Dancer in 1768 (see Cr.^wford, Mrs.). Among his original roles were Mahomet in ' Irene,' Young Norval in 'Douglas,' Ronan in * The Fatal Discovery,' Tancred in ' Almida,' Aubrey in ' The Fashionable Lover,' and Evander in 'The Grecian Daughter' (q.v.). His repertory also included Lear (1744-5), Henry V. (1744-5), Macbeth (1746-7), Hotspur (1746-^7), Hamlet (1746-7), Antony ('Juhus Caesar,' 1746-7). iJoweo (1748-9), Richard III. (1756-77), Jacques (1774-5), Castalio in ' The Orphan' (1745-6), Altamont in 'The Fair Penitent' (1745-6), Lord Toxvnly in 'The Provoked Husband' (1746-7), Lothario in 'The Fair Penitent' (1750-1), Bajazet ('Tamerlane'), Oroonoko, Pierre, and J a filer (' Venice Preserved '), Captain Plume (' The Recruiting Officer'), and Captain Macheath. Davies said that "of all the tragic actors who have trod the English stage for these last fifty years, Mr. Barry was unquestionably the niost pleasing. Since Booth and Wilks, no actor had shown the public a just idea of the hero or the lover ; Bai-ry gave dignity to the one and passion to the other. In his person he was tall without awkwardness ; in his countenance he was handsome with- out effeminacy ; in his uttering of passion, the language of nature alone was communi- cated to the feelings of an audience. If any player deserved the character of an unique, he certainly had a just claim to it." O'Keef e gave it as "his opinion that Barry was " the finest actor in his walk that has appeared on the Eughsh stage ; " and Murphy wrote — "Harmonious Barry ! with what varied art His grief, rage, tenderness, assail'd the heart ! Of plaintive Otway now no more the boast ! And Shakspeare grieves for his Othello lost ! " Churchill, in the ' Rosciad,' was less flatter- ing. See Davies' 'Life of Garrick' (17S0), Hitchcock's ' Irish Stage ' (178S-94), Kelly's 'Reminiscences' (1826). O'Keefe's 'Recol- lections ' (1826), Bernard's ' Retrospections ' (1830), Genesfs ' Enghsh Stage' (1832), Donaldson's ' Recollections ' (1865). Barry, Mrs. Spranger. See Craw- ford, Mrs. Barry, Thomas. Actor, died in Eng- land, 1857 ; made his first appearance in America at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1826, as the hero of ' The Stranger.' He was stage-manager of the Park till 1833 ; manager of the Tremont Theatre, Boston, from 1833 to 1839 ; manager of the Bowery in 1840 ; stage-manager of the Park from 1841 onwards ; assistant-manager of the Broadway from 1850 to 1854 ; and afterwards manager of the new Boston Theatre. See Ireland's ' New York Stage.' See Barry, Mrs. Thomas. Barry, Mrs. Thomas. Actress ; made her first appearance in America at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1S27, as Juliet, after- wards playing Belvidera and Juliana. She performed at Boston in 1833-39, and in 1841 returned to the Park, where she played for the last time in 1848. She died in 1854. See Ireland's 'New York Stage.' Barrymore, Earl of. See Amateur Acting. Barrymore, Maurice. Actor ; ap- peared at the Haymarket Theatre in 1884-86, creating two parts— D;-. Basil Xorth in: 'Dark Days' (1SS5) and Paul Devercux in ' Nadjezda' (1SS6), and figuring also asCount. Orlof in 'Diplomacy' (1884), Ernest Vane in! 'Masks and Faces' (1885), Angus Mac- all i.«ter in 'Ours' (1885), Belvaicncy in ' En-; gaged' (1886), and Lotus Percival in 'Jim the Penman ' (1SS6). In 1887 he played the" title part in 'Lagadere' {q.v.) at Niblo's.' New York. He is the author of two drai matic pieces — 'Honour,' an adaptatior; (1881), and ' Nadjezda' (1886). Barrymore, "William. Actor anc dramatic writer; made his debut at Drur; Lane in 1827 as Raraiero in ' The Guerillj' Chief;' appeared in 1831 at the Park ami Bowery Theatres, New York, whence hj went to Boston, dying there in 1845. H was much esteemed in melodrama and stag ; management. " ' Orsino, by Mr. Barrymore j what a full Shakespearean sound it carries] how fresh to memory arise the image an ; the manner of the gentle actor" (Chark Lamb). Robson, in ' The Old Playgoer (1S46), speaks of Barrymore as " The Tyran Murderer, Usurper of the drama. . ,* . H was a sound, useful actor. . . . You wi find his name in a highly respectable line i characters for a great many years." Amoi his dramatic pieces were ' El Hyder ' (ISl ■ 'The Fatal Snowstorm,' 'The Font; Slave,' 'The Foulahs,' 'Gilderoy,' 'M. Marnock,' ' The Secret,' ' A Slave's R venge,' ' Trial by Battle,' and ' Wallac See Barrymore, Mrs. William. Barrym.ore, Mrs. "William. Actres " was known on the English stage as ear as 1803, as Miss Adams, a dancer', and aft her marriage attained distinction as a me dramatic actress of the highest grad (Ireland). She played at the Park a Bowery Theatres, New York, in 1S31, and Boston from 1832 onwards. Returning England, she died in 1862. Barsanti, Miss (Mrs. Lisley). Actref of an Italian family, and a pupil of Lt Burney ; appeared at Covent Garden fn 1772 to 1776, and at the Haymarket in 17 She was the original representative of Lyy Languish in 'The Rivals,' and amc her other parts were Portia (' Merchant' BARTHOLO 119 BARTOLUS Venice'). ^^1'^- Ford ('Merry Wives'), E>inah Fnendlg is the girl to whom, inspired by wine, he "eventually finds courage to propose. Basil, Count. See Count Basil. Basil's Faith, by A. VV. Dubourq (q.v.). Basilio. The clerical bigot in 'The Barber of Seville ' {q.v.) and ' Marriage of Figaro ' (q.v.). Basilisco. A boasting but cowardly knight in ' Soliman and Perseda' (q.v.). He is alluded to by Philip the bastard iu ' King John,' act i. sc. 1. Basket - Maker (The). A musical , farce in two acts, words by John O'Keefe, ; mu.-^ic by Samuel Arnold ; first performed at the Haymarket Theatre on .September 4, 1790, with Bannister as Simon Itochefort, ' Bannister, jun., as Wattle, and Mrs. Ban- n ster as Claudine. Wattle is a basket- maker, to whom Rochefort — who has been deprived of his lands by the Governor of Canada, and has been elected King of the '■■ Iroquois — has entrusted the custody of his ' son William. The last named has been taught the trade of basket-making, and by means of his .skill in it propitiates the Indiana into whose hands he falls. In the end, Rochefort is restored, and William marries Claudine. The piece was revived, with alterations, in 1820, at Covent Garden, under the title of ' Iroquois ; or, The Canadian Basket-maker.' Basket-Maker's Wife (The). See Devil to Pay, The. Basoche (The). A comic opera in three acts, libretto by Albert Carre,, music by Andre Messager, produced atj Opera Comique, Paris, May 30, 1890; first! perf'^rmed in England (in a version by Sir! A. Harris and Eugene Oudin) at the Royal English Opera House, London, on November 3, 1891, with Ben Davie^ as Clement Marot, C. Kenningbam as L'Eveille, D. Bispham as the Due de Longueville, W. H. Burgon as Louis XIL., Miss E. Pallisei as Marie d' Angleterre, Miss Lucille Hill as Colette, and other parts by J. Le Hay, Miss Esme Lee, etc. ; first performed in America at Chicago in January, 1893. Bass, Charles. Actor, born in London 1803, oied in Canada, 1863 ; made his firs- appearance in New York at Park Theatrt in August, 1845, as Colonel Damas in ' Th( Lady of Lyon^.' Basset, Count, in Gibber's 'Provokec Husband ' (q. v.), is a swindler, with no righ to the title he has assumed. Basset-Tahle (The). A comedy b; ;Mrs. Cf.ntlivre (q.v.), tirst performed a Drury Lane on November 20, 1705, witl Mrs. Oldfield as Lady Reveller, ^Mills a Lord Worthy, Wilks as Sir James Courtly Bickerstaff as Ensign Lively, Mrs. Rogei as Lady 2>fio(luced in England (with libretto by Alfred Murray,' at "the Grand Theatre, Birmingham, on BEAES NOT BEASTS 127 BEAU IN THE SUDS September 27, 1886, with Miss Florence St. John as the heroine (Jacquette), Miss M. Tempest as Bianca, G. H. Snazelle as Cap- tain Perpignac, J. J. Dallas as Pomponio, E. J. Lonnen as Girafo, and S. Harcourt as the Duke of Como ; first represented in London at "the Prince of Wales's Theatre, on October 4, with the same cast as above. Bears not Beasts. A farce by H. M. MiLNER, first performed at the Cobnrg Theatre, London, in 1822 ; played at New York in 1827, with Placide as Snapall. Beast and the Beauty (The) ; or, No Rose without a Thorn, A bur- lesque by F. C. BURXAND iq.v.'), first per- formed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on October 4, 1869, I Beat, Job. A policeman in F. Hay's I « Caught by the Cuff' {q.v.). ' Beata. A domestic drama in three acts, by Austin Fryers, first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, on April 19, 1892, with Miss Frances Ivor as the heroine, Miss Estelle Barney as Rebecca West, Miss S. Vaughan as Ilelsith, Leonard (Jutram as Rosmcr, Henry Vernon as KrolU George Hughes as Mortemgard, and R. Soutar as Dr. West. In this play the author tells the story of the married life of Posincr and Beata, on the basis of the account given of , it by Ibsen in ' Rosnier of Rosmersholm ' I iq.v.), to which, consequently, * Beata' forms I a prologue or introduction, Beatrice. (1) Niece of Leonato in *Much Ado about Nothing' (q.v.). (2) Daughter of Count Cenci in SHELLEY'S *Cenci' (7.^j.)- Beatrice, Mile. [Marie Beatrice Binda]. Actress, daughter of the Cheva- lier Binda ; born at Lucca, August, 1839 ; died in London, December, 1S78 ; was edu- cated at the Conservatoire, Paris, and made her earliest appearances on the stage at the Odeon and the Vaudeville in that city. She ; made her debut in England (and as an English-speaking artist) at the Haymarket ' on October 3, 18*34, as the heroine of Fanny ■ Kemble's 'Mdlle. de Belle Isle' (^.v.). This was followed by her Mrs. Ilaller at the same theatre in November, in which month she also figured there as the original Hilda in J. V. Bridgman's ' Sunny Vale Farm ' (q.v.). In April, 1865, she was seen at the Lyceum Theatre as Madeleine in a revival of ' Bel- phegor' (^.t'.). In the English provinces she appeared in 1867 as Mary IStuart in Fanny Kemble's version of Schiller's play, in 1868 as the heroine of Palgrave Simp- son's 'Marie Antoinette' (q.v.), and in 1869 as the original Grace in Cheltnam's ' Sliadow of a Crime ' {q.v.). She subsequently figured in the metropolis as Madame Caussade in ' Our Friends ' (q.v.) and La Silva in Pal- grave Simpson's 'Broken Ties' (q.v.) at the Olympic (1872) ; as the original (English) Blanche de Chelles in 'The Sphinx' (q.v.) and (xilberte in 'Frou-Frou' (q.v.) at the Hay- market (1874) ; as Raymonde de Montaiglin in 'Love and Honour' (q.v.) at the Globe (Augiist, 1875); and as Marie in 'The Woman of the People ' (q.v.) at the Olympic (August, 187S). She also created the title character of ' John Jasper's Wife ' (q v ) From 1S67 until her death, Mdlle. Beatrice was a gi-eat favourite with provincial play- goers, in whose interests she brought and held together a "company of comedians" (including, at one time, T. N. Wenman and Miss Charlotte Saunders) remarkable for the excellence of its ensemble. This troupe, after Mdlle. Beatrice's death, was main- tained for many years under the direction of Frank Harvey (q.v.). Beatty-King-ston, "W. Author and .iournalist ; wrote the libretti for the follow- ing operas :— ' The Beggar-Student ' (1884), ' Frivoli ' (1886), ' Irraengarda ' (1892). Beau (Le). A courtier in • As You Like It' (q.v.), act i. so. 2, Beau Austin. A comedy in four acts, by W. E. Henley (q.v.) and R. L. Stevenson (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on November 3, 1890, with H. Beerbohm Tree in the title character, C. Brookfield as Monteith (his valet), E. Maurice as Anthony Musgrave, F. Terry as John Fcnwicl; Miss R. Leclercq as Miss Evelina Foster, Miss Aylward as Bar- hara, and ]\Irs. Beerbohm Tree as Dorothy Musgrave. In the prologue W. E, Henley wrote — " ' To all and singular,' as Dryden says, We bring a fancy of those Georgian days. Whose style still breathed a faint and fine perfume Of old-world courtliness and old-world bloom." The scene is at Tunbridge in 1820. Dorothy, now engaged to John, has been seduced by the Beau, and confesses the fact to her lover. Appealed to by Joh7i, the Beau undertakes to marry her, but she refuses him. In the end, Austin having behaved generously to young Musgrave, who has pul)licly insulted him, Dorothy accepts the Beau. Beau Brummell, the King* of Calais. A drama in two acts, by Blan- CliARD Jerrold (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April 11, lti59, with Emery in the title part ; per- formed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre. New York, in October, 1893. See Copy and Pet 1 TRAIN. (2) ' Beau Brummell : ' a comedy by Clyde Fitch (q.v.). Beau Defeated (The) ; or, The Lucky Young-er Brother. A comedy, partly translated from the French, ascribed both to Mrs. Pix and to a Thomas Barker, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields, and printed about 1700. Beau Demolished (The). See Beau Defeated. Beau Ideal (The\ A farce first played at New York in 1837, with Mrs. Maeder as Jessie Howard. Beau in the Fuds (The). A farce first played in America in 1750. BEAU NASH BEAUMONT AND FLETCHER Beau Nash., the King- of Bath. A comedy in three acts, by DOUGLAS Jer- ROLD (q.v.), tirst performed at tlie Hay- maiket Theatre, London, on July 16, 1834, with W. Farren in the title part, Vining as Derby, Shepherd as Wilton, Strickland as Aid. Beetle, Buckstone as Claptrap, Webster as Jack Baxter, Brindal as Lavender Tom, Mathews as Bathos, Mrs. Nisbett as Be- linda, and Mrs. Humby as Slipper. Amongst other characters are Dropper, Casket, Mon- sieur Pas, Skillet, Tivang, and Mrs. Coral. Beau's Adventures (The). A farce by Phil. Bennett, printed in 1133. Beau's Duel (The); or, A Soldier for the Ladies- A comedy by Mrs. Centlivre (q.v.), first performed at Lin- coln's Inn Fields on October 21, 170-2, with Booth as Captain Bellnieln, Powell as Toper, Fieldhouse as Careful, Pack as Ogle, Bow- man as Sir Wm. Mode, Cory as Colonel Manly, ]Mrs. Prince as Clarinda, :Mrs. Lee as 2Jrs. Plotwell, and ^Irs. Porter as Emilia. The duel is between Ogle and Mode. Some of the piece is borrowed from Mayne's 'City Match' {q.v.). Beauchamp, John. Actor ; after ex- perience in the provinces, made his London debut at the Princess's Theatre in January, 1S79, as Halves in 'It's Never too Late to Mend' (q.v.). Since then he has been in the original cast of the following pieces (among many) :— ' Drink ' (1879), as Poisson ; 'The Lights o' London' (1881), as Marks; ' The Silver Shield ' (1885), as Sir Humphrey Chetwynd; 'The Dean's Daughter' (1888), as Sir Henry Craven ; ' Karin' (1892), as Mr. Milden ; ' The Amazons ' (1893), as the Hon. R. Minchin ; ' A Question of Memory ' (1893), as Haynau ; 'Tom, Dick, and Harry' (1893), as Gen. Stanhope; ' The New Boy' (1894), aa Dr. Candy; ' Jedbury Junior' (1896), as Jedbury, sen. J. Beauchamp has also ap- peared in revivals of 'Hamlet,' 'Richelieu,' and 'The Fool's Revenge' (1880), 'A Mid- summer Night's Dream ' (1886), 'Proof ' (1889), ' Leah ' (1891), ' The Jealous Wife ' (1892), etc. Beauclerc, Henry and Julian. Brothers, respectively a diplomatist and a soldier, in ' Diplomacy ' {q.v.). Beaudet, Louise. Actress and voca- list of French-Sijanish extraction ; sang in America in 1879, as a child, in juvenile light opera companies ; when not yet twelve, played the little Duchess in 'The Little Duke' with Aimee(7.r.); toured with that actress for several years ; then became a member of the stock company at Baldwin's Theatre, San Francisco, where she played Lady Macbeth, Ophelia, Desdemoni, Jessica, Pauline Deschapelles, Doris (' Narcisse '), etc. ; afterwards starred in Australia and India, playing Juliet, Imogen, Bosalind, Beatrice ; appeared later as Portia. Ariel, Ijady Teazle, Jxdia (' Hunchback '), Par- fhen'ia, Gilberte, Leah, etc. ; has represented Paola in Jakobowski's opera, Elizabeth in McLellan's ' Puritania ' (1892), and Progress in Kiralfy's 'America;' after which she toured with her own company in French opera bouffe till May, 1895. She has been seen in England as Sybil in ' Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde ' (1888), and as Adele in ' An Artist's Model '(1895). Beaufort. The name of three cha- racters in Shakespeare's plays : (1) Henry, Bishop of Winchester, in ' 1 and 2 Henry VI.,' and (2, 3) John, Earl of Somerset, and Thomas, Duke of Exeter, in ' 1 Henry VL' (4) .5fa»/o/-f, in Ml'RPHY's 'Citizen' (q.v.), is in love with and beloved by Maria Wild- ing (q.v.). Beauforts (The). A play adapted by Charlotte Birchpfeiffer from Bulwer's story, ' Night and Morning,' translated into Eng- lish by Ali-red Ayres, and performed at Niblo's Garden, New York, on March 6, 1S65, with D. E. Bandmann in the principal male 7-6le. Beaufoy, Lord, in Robertson's ' School' (q.v.), is in love with and beloved by Bella (q.v.), whom in the end he marries. Beaug-ard, Captain. La1y Dunce's lover in Otway's ' &oldier"s Fortune.' Beau.iolais the Necromancer. A play by H. T. HiPKiNS and Gaston Mur- ray (q.v.). Beaumanoir, Lucas de. Grand Master of the "Templars in T. Dibdin's 'Ivanhoe' (q.v.). Beaumelle. Daughter of Rochfort and wife of Charalois in Massinger and FIELD'S ' Fatal Dowry ' (q.v.). Beaumont, Allen. Actor ; has " cre- ated " the following, among many, parts :— Northumberland in 'A Nine Days' Queen' (1880), Sir Henry Auckland in 'Impulse' (1882), John Mabel in 'The Rocket' (1883), Abdallah in ' Our Diva ' (1886), Ranulf in ' The Amber Heart ' (1887), and Roger of York in ' Becket ' (1S93). He was also the first representative in London of Mr. Mars- land in ' The Private Secretary ' (1884), and has been seen in revivals of ' The Merchant of Venice' (1879), 'The Belle's Stratagem' (1881), ' M.P.' (1S83), etc. Beaumont and Fletcher. Francis Beaumont (g.r.) and John Fletcher (g.w.) appear to have become acquainted about 1607. They soon grew intimate. Aubrey says of the former, " Tliere was a wonderfull coiisimility of phansy between him and Mr. Jo. Fletcher, which caused that dear- nesse of friendship between them. . . . They lived together on the Banke side, not far from the playhouse, lay together . . . the same cloaths and cloake, etc., between them." The result of their joint labours is to be found, according to the latest criticism, in the following plays, of which we give the date of publication':—' The Knight of the Burning Pestle' (161.3), 'Cupid's Revenge' (1615\ 'The Scornful Lady' (1616), 'The Maid's Tragedy' (1619), 'A King and No King ' (1619), ' Philaster ' (1620), ' Four PJays ' ■ (1647), and 'The Coxcomb' (1647). These, and other plays which have been ascribed at various times to the combined pens of BEAUMONT 129 BEAUTIFUL ARMENIA ^aiimont and Fletcher, are dealt with ider their respective headings {g.v ). The :omedies and Tragedies ' of Beaumont and etcher were published in folio in 1647. odern issues of their 'Works' include lose edited and annotated by Theobald, ward, and Sympson (1750), by G. Colman ul others (1778). by H. Weber (1812), by G. arley (1840), by A. Dyce (1843-6), and by A. . Bullen (1904). Certain of their plays were lited for the 'Mermaid Series' by J. St. oe Strachey (1SS7). Selected passages from le 'Works' were published by H. Guil- rd in 1834, Leigh Hunt in 1846, and J. Fletcher in 1887. For criticism, see ryden's 'Dramatic Poetry,' Schlegel's dramatic Literature,' Hallam's 'Litera- ire of Europe,' Lamb's ' Dramatic Poets,' azlitt's ' Age of Elizabeth.' Leigh Hunt's [magination and Fancy,' S, T. Coleridge's Remains,' H. Coleridge's ' Notes and [arginalia,' Macaulay's ' Essays.' J. M. [ason's 'Comments on the Plays' (1798). and . M. Mitford's ' Cursory Notes on the Text 3 edited by A. Dyce' (1856). Says A. H. ullen : " Aubrey states, on the authority I Earle, that Beaumont's ' main businesse as to correct the overflowings of Mr. letcher's witte,' and Dryden declares that •eaumont was 'so accurate a judge of lays' that Ben Jonson 'submitted all his ri'tings to his censure.' Little weight can fe attached to these statements ; but the ;age tradition that Beaumont was superior 1 judgment to Fletcher, is supported by 3und criticism. In the most important lays they wrote together Beaumont's share utweighs Fletcher's, both in quantity and uality. Beaumont had the firmer hand lid statelier manner ; his diction was more olid ; there was a richer music in his verse, i'letcher excelled as a master of brilliant lalogTie and sprightly repartee ' " (' Dic- lonary of National BiogTaphy,'lSS9). " Beau- lont and Fletcher," writes J. A. Symonds, i were not dramatists so much as great dra- 'latic rhetoricians. . . . Their rhetoric pos- iessesreal charm. And, what is more, it suits heir choice of the romantic rather than the trictly tragic or comic method. While eading them, we experience the pleasure hat attends impassioned improvisation. j . . Thought, feeling, sentiment, language, aetre; all the elements of their art are !uid, copious, untrammelled, poured forth rem a richly abundant vein. But the dra- latic tension is comparatively slack, and he poetic touch comparatively tame. . . . Vhat I have termed dramatic rhetoric, s opposed to genuine dramatic poetry, •etrayed Beaumont and Fletcher into their tiost serious faults as playwrights. Its rant of absolute sincerity led" them to iolate truth, propriety, and probability, loth in their fables and their characters. Vhat the French writers call einphase is or ever spoiling the effect of their most isassionate scenes " (' In the Key of Blue,' 893). See the tributes in verse by Jasper Jayne, Herrick, G. Daniel— " So long as Sock or Buskin treads the Stage, Beaumont and Fletcher shall enrich the Ago "— A. Brome, Keats (whose ' Bards of Passion and of Mirth ' was written on a blank page before ' The Fair Maid of the Inn,' q.v.), and A. C. Swinburne (Sonnet and ' In the Bay,* xxiv.). Beaumont, Francis. Dramatic writer, son of Sir Francis Beaumont, Justice of the Common Pleas ; born 15S4, died in London, March 9, 1616 ; was admitted a gentleman- commoner at Oxford in 1596, and in 1600 became a member of the Inner Temple, for which, in February, 1612-13, he wrote a ' Masque.' He also wrote commendatory poems for Jonson's 'Fox' (1605), 'Silent Woman ' (1609), and 'Catiline' (1611). See, further, his rhythmical 'Letter to Ben Jonson.' His poems were published in 1640 and 1653. See G. C. Macaulay's ' Francis Beaumont : a Critical Study ' (1883), A. B. Grosart in the ' National Dictionary of Biography ' (1885), and A. C. Swinburne in the ' Encyclopaedia Britannica ; ' also, the poetical praise of Beaumont by Ben Jonson, T. Hey wood, G. Daniel, and Wordsworth. See, further, Beaumont and Fletcher. Beaumont, Mrs. De Jersey, ac- tress, after appearing at Covent Garden, went to America, figuring at Philadelphia in 1810 as Isabella in the ' Fatal Marriage,' and at New York in 1814, making her debut in Euphrasia and Boxalana. "Her Isabella, Madame Clermont, Jane Shore, etc., were justly considered very superior perform- ances " (Ireland). Among her other parts may be named Ladi/ Macbeth, Mrs. Ilaller, and Ladi/ Bell Bloomer (7.!?.).— Her husband, " though her inferior as a performer, was handsome and showy in person" (Phelps). He made his debut in New York in 1814 as Holla in ' Pizarro.' Beaupre. (1) Son of Vertaigne. and brotlier of Lamira, in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Little French Lawyer' (q.v.). —This surname has been borne by a num- ber of other characters in English plays, notably by (2) Adrienne de Beauprd in Leslie's 'Adrienne,' (3) the Baron da Beaupre in Maddison Morton's 'Husband to Order,' (4) llonore de Beaupre in Bayle Bernard's 'Robespierre,' (5) Oscar de Beaupre in TOM Taylor's 'Retribution,' and (6) Claire de Beaupr6 in Pinero'S ' Ironmaster' (all of which see). Beaurepaire, Josephine and Rose de. The heroines of Reade's ' Double Marriage' (q.v.). Beauseant, the rejected lover of Pauline, in Lytton's ' Lady of Lyons ' (q.v.), figures also in all the travesties of that play. Beausex, Sir Brian de. A character in J. M. Morton's ' Rights and Wrongs of Women' (q.v.). Beautiful Armenia (The); or. The Energ-y and Force of Love. A comedy by Edmund Ball, mainly translated from the ' Eunuch ' (q.v.) of Terence, and printed in 1778. See Bloody Plot. BEAUTIFUL FOR EVEPw 130 BEAUX' STRATAGEM Beautiful for Ever. (1) A farce in one act, by F Hay (q.v.), first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, in September, 1868, with a cast including T. Thorne, Miss Newton, and Miss Bella Goodall. (2) A farce by G. S. Hodgson (q.v.), brought out at the Surrey Theatre, London, in October, 1868. Beautiful Haidee ; or, The Sea Nyraph and the Sallee Rovers. An extravaganza by H. J. Byrox (g.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on April 6, 1863, with Miss M. Oliver as the heroine. Miss Murray as Lord Bateman, and G. Belmore as Desperado. Beauty. A play by G. F. RowE (q.v.), performed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in 1885, with Miss Agnes Thomas in the cast. Beauty, Tlie Birth of. See Birth OF Beauty. Beauty, The Masque of. See Masque of Beauty. Beauty, The Triumphs of. See Triumphs of Beauty. Beauty Abroad. A play by Clinton Stuart (q.v.), performed in America in ISSiS. " Beauty, alas ! where wast thou born ? " First line of a song in Greene's 'Looking-glass for London and England' (q.v.). Beauty and Booty. A play by J. D. Phillips, performed in America. Beauty and the Beast. A nursery tale which has been dramatized in many forms. In 1781 there was printed a comedy called ' The Beauty and the Mon- ster,' translated from the French of the Countess de Genlis. Among acted pieces on the subject are : (1) ' Beauty and the Beast:' a fairy extravaganza in two acts, by J. R. Planch6 (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on April 12, 1841, with Madame Vestris as Beauty, W. Harrison as the Beast (Prince Azor), J. Bland as Sir Aldgate Pump, Harfey as John Quill, and Miss Rainforth as Dressalinda ; first played in New York at the Olympic Theatre in 1843. (2) A fairy burletta, played at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1843, with Wallack, jun., as the Beast. (3) A panto- mime by H. J. Byron (q.v.), produced at Covent Garden on December 26, 1862, with Mrs. Aynsley Cook as Prince Perfect (the Beast), and Miss L. Laidlaw as Beauty. (4) 'The Beast and the Beauty ' (q.v), by F. C. Burnand (q.v.). (5) ' Beauty and the Beast : ' pantomime by E. L. Blanchard (q.v.), Drury Lane, December, 1869. (6) • Beauty and the Beast : ' pantomime by J. 0. Bre'nnan, Greenwich, December, 1871. (7) ' Beauty and the Beast,' by the Brothers Grinn (q.v.), Princess's Theatre, London, December, 1874. (8) ' Beauty and the Beast :' pantomime by F. AV. Green (q.v.), Pavilion Theatre, London, December, 1877. (9) 'Beauty and the Beast :' pantomime by R. Walden, Park Theatre, London, De- cember, 1879. (10) ' Beauty and the Beast .' pantomime by J. T. Denny (q.v.), Marylebone Theatre, December, 1884. (11) ' Beauty and the Beast : ' pantomime by Augustus Harris and William Yardley, Drury Lane, December, 1890. (12) 'Beauty and the Beast : ' a burlesque by Walter Strat- ford, Town Hall, Buckingham, January ■ 25, 1894. Beauty and the Monster (The). See Beauty and the Beast. Beauty and "Virtue. A serenata per- formed at Drury Lane in 1762. "Beauty, arise, shew forth thy g-lorious shining-." First line of a song in ' The Pleasant Comedy of Patient Grisseir (q.v.). " Beauty clear and fair." First, line of a song in Fletcher's 'Eldei Brother ' (q.v.). } Beauty in a Trance. A play by: John Ford (q.v.), entered on the books of the Stationers' Company in September 9,j 1653, and among the dramas destroyed by Warburton's servant. J Beauty in Distress. A tragedy, by' P. Motteux (q.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1698, with Mrs. Bracegirdle as Placentia, and other parts by Verbrugfren Betterton, Kynaston, Mrs. Prince, Mrs Moore, and Mrs. Barry. The play was highlj praised by Dryden in the prologue. Beauty of Lyons (The). See Ladi of Lyons ; Perourou, the Bellow; Mender. Beauty or the Beast. A farce ii one act by John Oxenford (q.v.), adaptec from ' Ma Niece et Men Ours ' (q.v.), and firs performed at Drury Lane in November, 1863 with a cast including jNIiss Rose Leclercq a; Hetty. Among the characters are Wadding Higgins, Wiggins, and Figgins. Beauty the Conqueror ; or, Thi Death of Marc Antony. The titl given to an altered version of Sir Charle Sedley's ' Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.). Beauty's Toils. A farcical comedj n tliree acts, by Charles S. Fawcett, fir.^ performed at the Strand Theatre, Londor December 21, 1893, with Miss Miriam Cl( ments as Beauty, and G. Giddens, ^^ Edonin, G. Moore, H. Ross, Miss M. Whitt: Miss A. Goward, and Mrs. Dion Boucicau: in other parts. Beauty's Triumph. A masque by': DuFFET, played in private, and nrinted i 1676. Beauval,' Horace do. The hero ( ' The Poor Young Man ' (q.v.) Beaux' Stratag-em (The). Acomed in five acts, by George Farquhar (q.v. first performed at the Haymarket on Marc 8, 1707, with Wilks as Archer, INIills as Aih well, Norris as Scrub, Bo wen as Foigan BEAUX WITHOUT BELLES 131 BECKET ullock as Boniface, Verbruggen as Sullen, ibber as Gibbet, Boman as Count Bellair, een as Sir Charles Freeman, Mrs. Oldfield < Mrs. Sullen, Mrs. Bicknell as Cherry, id Mrs. Bradshaw as Dorinda. "This ay." the 'Biogiaphia Dramatica' records, ■was begun and ended in six weeks, le author labouring all the time under a ttled illness, which carried him off during le run of his piece." He had received £70 om Tonson for the right of printing it, in idition to the price paid by the managers, tie comedy was a great success. Hazlitt laracterizes it as "the best of his plays , a whole ; infinitely lively, bustling, and 11 of point and interest. Tlie assumed sguise of the principal characters, Archer id Aimiuell, is a perpetual amusement to 18 mind." The play was performed in 3bruary, 1786, with Mrs. Abington as '.rub (q.v.). It was revived at the Hay- arket in July, 1847, with J. B. Buckstone I Scrub; at the Haymarket in January, ;56, with W. H. Chippendale as Sullen ; id at the Imperial Theatre, London, in jpteraber, 1879, with Miss Litton as Mrs. 'illen. Miss Meyrick as Dorinda, Miss C. ddison as Cherry, Mrs. Stirling as Lady ountlful, Lionel Brough as Scrub, W. irren as Archer, E. F. Edgar as Aiimvell, Ryder as Sullen, W. H. Denny as Freeman, ; Bannister as Foigard, Everill as Boniface, lid K. Bellew as Gibbet. It was performed ;; New York in 1750 ; again, in 1767, with ;allam as Archer, Henry as Aimivell, and :iss Hallam as Dorinda; in 1792, with .allam as Scrub and Henry as Foigard; ;, 1793, with Hodgkinson as Archer; and ' 1841, with the Misses Cushraan as Mrs. Men and Dorinda. Beaux without Belles. A farce by AVID Darling, acted at Petersburgh, Va. Beazley, Samuel. Dramatic writer id architect, born 17S6, died October, 1851 ; rote a farce when only twelve years d. His pieces for the stage include Five Hours at Brisrhton ; or. The Board- g House ' (1811), 'Is he Jealous?' ,(1816), ;Jld Customs' (1816), 'My Uncle' (1817), ?ire and Water' (1817), 'Jealous on all :des' (1818), 'Philandering' (1S24) ; also, Bachelors' Wives,' 'The Bull's Head,' iretna Green,' ' Hints to Husbands,' Knights of the Cross,' ' The Lottery icket,' ' Love's Dream,' ' The Scapegrace^' The Steward,' and the libretti of three peras— 'The Queen of Cyprus,' 'Robert ;ie Devil,' and *La Sonnambula.' His ork as an architect lay largely in the con- ruction of theatres. He designed the yceum, the St. James's, the City of London, id two in Dublin, as well as the Strand ontof the Adelphi and the colonnade of ,rury Lane. See the Gentleman's Magazine ;, Scotland, and Ire- land. . . , The ladies carried about with them the favourite songs of it in fans, and houses were furnished with it in screens. The person who acted Polly, till then obscure, became all at once the favourite of the town. Furthermore, it drove out of England (for that season) the Italian opera, which had carried all before it for ten years." "The total sura realized by the initial set of per- formances was," says Gay's latest editor, "£5351 15.?. Of this Gay received for four author's nights— the third, sixth, ninth, and fifteenth— £G93 13s. e>d. He sold the copy- right of the opera (together with that of the ' Fables ') for ninety guineas, and con- sequently made in all nearly eight hundred f)onnds." It was said of the piece that it lad made " Gay rich and Rich gay." Rich might well be jubilant, for his profits amounted to £4000. The opera was acted by children at Dublin in 1727 and at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1729. It was revived at Drury Lane in 1738, with Beard as Macheath, Macklin as Peachum, Mrs. Clive as Polly, and Mrs. Pritchard as Lucy ; at Covent Garden in 1745, with Mrs. Clive as Lucy ; at Drury Lane in 1747, with Mrs. Gibber as Polly ; at the Haymarket in 1767, with Berry as Macheath, Shuter as Peachum, Bannister as Mat, and Mrs. Dancer as Polly ; at Drury Lane in 1777, with Baddeley as Lockit and Mrs. Baddeley as Polly ; at'the Haymarket in 1781 [under the management of Colman], with the male characters by women, and the female by men— Mrs. Cargill as Mac- heath, Mrs. Lefevre as Peachum, Mrs. Webb as Lockit, Mrs. Wilson as Filch, Bannister as Polly, Edwin as lAicy, Wewitzer as Diana Trapes, etc. ; at the same theatre, under the same conditions, in 1784, with Mrs. Wells as Macheath and Mrs. Inchbald as Ben; at Covent Garden in 1788, with Bannister as Macheath, Blanchard as Filch, Mrs. Billington as Polly, Mrs, Abington as Lucy; at the Haymarket in 1791 (for a benefit), with Mrs. Edwards as Blacheath, Johnstone as Lucy, Wewitzer as Mrs. Vixen, Bannister, jun., as Mrs. Slammekin; at Covent Garden in 1796 (for a benefit), with Incledon as Macheath, Munden as Peachum, BEGGARS PANTOMIME 136 BEHIND THE CURTAIN Mrs. Martyr as Filch, Fawsett as Lucy, and :Mrs. Davenport as Mrs. Peachum ; at Covent Garden in 1813, with Miss Stephens as Polly ; at Covent Garden in 1816, for Mathews' bene- fit, with the beneficiaire as Machcath ; at the Lyceum in the same year, with Miss Kelly as Lxicy and Miss L. Kelly as Polly ; at the Haymarket in 1820, with Mdme. Vestris as Macheath, Terry as Peachum, and Mrs. C. Kerable as Lucy [twelve performances] ; at Drury Lane in the same year, "with an additional scene," representing Marylebone Gardens as they were about 1728 [Macheath is betrayed here instead of in a tavern] ; at the Lyceum in 1821, with Miss Forde as Polly; at St. James's in 1836-7, with Braham as Macheath, Miss Rainforth as Polly, Strickland as PeacMim, and J. P. Harley as Filch ; at the Lyceum Theatre in 1840 ; at the Lyceum in 1848, with Mdme. Vestris as Lucy, Miss Fitzwilliam as Polly, W. H. Harrison as Macheath, Harley as Filch, F. Matthews as Peachum, Granby as Lockit, and Mrs. C Jones as Mrs. Peachum ; at the Strand in 1853, with ]\Irs. Howard Paul as Lucy, Miss Rebecca Isaacs as Polly, Leffler as Macheath, and Harrison as 3[at of the Mint ; at the Marylebone in 1853 ; at the Haymarket in 1854 ; at Sadler's Wells in 1858; at the Gaiety in 1870, with Beverley as Macheath, Miss C. Loseby as Polly, Miss A. Tremaine as Lucy, Aynsley Cook as Mat, J. D. Stoyle as Filch, and T. INIaclean as Peachuvi ;' at the Alexandra Palace, London, in 1876, with Wilfred Morgan as Machcath, T. A. Palmer as Peachum, G. Fox as Mat, Miss Annie Goodall as Lucy, Miss Everard as Mrs. Peachum, and Mdme. Cave-Ashton as Polly. The piece has been performed in England of late years with J. Sims Reeves as Macheath. There is record of its being produced in Edinburgh in 1733, and it was represented at the Nassau Street Theatre, New York, in December, 1750, with Thomas Kean as Macheath. A burlesque of it, written by Hubert Jay Morice and called 'The Beggar's Uproar,' was brought out at the Surrey Theatre, London, in May, 1870. See Macheath and Polly. Beg-g-ar's Pantomime (The). See Beggar's Opera. Beg-gar's Petition (The); or, A Father's Love and a Mother's Care. A drama in three acts, by G. Dibdin Pitt Cq.v.), first performed at 'the City Theatre, London, on October 18, 1841, with Shepherd as Robert Brightwell (the beggar), H. Widdi- comb as Jemmy Links, INIrs. Shepherd as Mrs. Brightwell and Mrs. E. Yarnold as Jane Brightwell. Beg-g-ar's TTproar (The). See Beggar's Opera. Beg-g-ar's "Wedding- (The). A ballad opera in three acts, by Charles Colley {q.v.), first performed at Dublin and after- wards (in I'? 29) at the Haymarket. Reduced to one act, and entitled 'Phebe,' it was played at Drury Lane in July, 1729, with Briilgewater as Chaunter, Cibber, jun., as Cant, Fielding as Justice (Quorum, Miss Raftor as Phebe, Mrs. Roberts as Hunter. *' Chaunter is the king of the beggars. Hunter is his reputed son ; Phebe is the re- puted daughter of Quorum. Hunter and Phebe are mutually in love. Hunter turns out to be Quorum's son. Quorum says Phebe is not his daughter, and consents to her union with Hunter. The Beggar's Wed- ding is then celebrated. Grigg is the bridegroom, and Tib Tatter the bride" (Genest). Beg-g-ars' Bush (The). A tragi- comedy, first printed in 1647. Though the scene is laid in Flanders, the play is named after a well-known tree, called the "Beggars' Bush," situated on the road between Hun- tingdon and Coxton. It is ascribed by Dyce to John Fletcher, and by Fleay to John Fletcher (g.v.) and Philip Mas- singer {q.v.). The latter favours 1615 as the date of its first performance ; the former, 1622. Langbaine speaks of having seen it acted several times with applause, and Downes mentions it as having been i revived between 1663-1682, Slightly altered, | and with the title of ' The Royal Merchant,* it was played at Drury Lane in 1705, with I a cast including Wilks, Mills, Bullock, Est- I court, Norris. Mrs. Cox, and Mrs. Rogers. In 1767 the piece was once more " adapted" and produced again, as 'The Royal Merchant,* at Covent Garden as a comic opera, witbl Mattocks, Bensley, Shuter, Yates, and Mrs. i Mattocks in the cast. Altered once more» by the Hon. — Kinnaird, and entitled 'Thai Merchant of Bruges,' the piece was performed at Drury Lane in December, 1815, with K( as Goswin (Florez), Munden as Vandunk Oxberry as Higgin, Harley as Prigg, HoUant as Clause (Gerrard), Mrs. Horn as Gertrude\ (Bertha), and Miss L. Kelly as Jaculin. Begrone Dull Care ; or, How- it End P A comedy in five acts, by Reynolds (q.v.), first performed at Cover Garden on February 9, 1808, with Lewis Modern, Miss Smith as Selina, Pope as Arthur St. Albyn, Brunton as Danvers. and other parts by Emery, C. Kemble, Fawcett and Mrs. Davenport ; first played at Nei York in November of the same year. Begnm (The). An opera byREGiNAl DE Koven (q.v.). "Behave Pratty." See Ashfiei Farmer. Behind a Mask. A comedy in thr acts, by Bernard H. Dixon and Artht Wood (q.v.), first performed at the Royalt Theatre, London, on March 8, 1871, wlf Miss H. Hodson. Miss Rachel Sanger, Arthi Wood (as a country theatrical manager! Alfred Bishop, C. Flockton, and F. Se mour in the cast. Behind the Curtain. A drama four acts, by George Roberts (q.v.), fir performed at the Holborn Theatre, Londoi on April IS, 1870, with a cast including Jl Billington (5o6 Olive), Arthur Wood(Famp)| J. C. Cowper, W. Mclntyre, Miss De borough, etc. BEHIND THE SCENES 137 BELFILLE Behind tlie Scenes ; or, Actors by Laniplig:h.t. A "serio-comic burlesque burletta" in one act, by Charles Selby (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on September 12, 1839, with the author as Goosequill, Oxberry as Mr. Spooney Negus, G. Cooke as Wiggles, Mrs. Selby as Mrs. St. Clair. (2) ' Behind the Scenes : ' a farcical comedy in three acts, adapted by Felix Morris (7. r.) from 'Le P^re de la Debutante ' (q.v.), and first per- formed at Brooklyn, U.S.A., on February 25, 1895, with the author as Achille Talma Dufard; produced at the Comedy Theatre, London, on the afternoon of July 4, 1896, as the work of F. MORRIS and G. P. Hawtrey. Behind Time. A farce in one act, by B. Webster, jun. iq.v.), first performed at the Adelphi on December 26, 1865, with J, L. Toole as Jeremiah Fluke. Behn, Aphra, dramatic and miscel- laneous writer, was the daughter of John Johnson, a barber, and was baptized (as "Ayfara") at Wye, Kent, in July, 1640. When a child she went to live with her parents at Swinani, where she became ac- quainted with Oronooko {q.v.), the Indian chief whom she subsequently made the hero of a prose romance. About 1650 she returned to England, where she married, shortly af ter- wards, a merchant named Behn, who died before 1G66. Later came a visit to the Low Countries on secret Government business, for which, apparently, she received no re- compense. Certain it is that, from this time, she devoted herself to a literary career. She had already had some experience of Court life, and she now cultivated the ac- quaintance of persons connected with the Theatre, notably Edward Kavenscroft, "with whom," says Edmund Gosse, " there is reason to believe that her relations were very close." The first play slie wrote was a tragedy in verse, ' The Young King,' adapted from a French story. The play by her which first saw the footlights was 'The Forc'd Marriage' {q.v.), produced in 1671. After this came, in succession, 'The Amorous Prince' (1671), 'The Dutch Lover' (1673), ' Abdelazer' (1676), 'The Rover' (1677), ' The Debauchee' (1677), 'The Town Fop '(1677), 'Sir Patient Fancy' (1678), a continuation of 'The Rover* (16S1), 'The Roundheads' (1682), ' The City Heiress ' (1682), ' The False Count' (16S2), 'The Lucky Chance' (1687), and ' The Emperor of the Moon ' (1687), all of which see. She died in April, 16S9, and after her decease two more dramatic pieces bv her appeared— ' The Widow Ranter' {q.v.) (pro- duced 1690), and ' The Younger Brother ' {q.v.) (printed 1696). To the latter a short memoir of her was prefixed. Her poems had been collected in 1684, and her novels (with a memoir) in 1698. Her plays were brought together in printed form in 1702. "Her genius and vivacity," says Edmund Gosse, '' were undoubted ; her plays are very coarse, but very lively and humorous, while she possessed an indisputable touch of Ivric genius "('Dictionary of National Biography, 18 i5). See Agnes de Castro ; Astr^ea. Bel Demonic. A " love story," in four acts, by John Brougham {q.v.), founded on ' L'Abbaye de Castro,' and first per- formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on October 81, 1863, with the author as Cardinal Montalto, Fechter as Angela, Emery as Re- nuccio, G. Jordan as Coimt Campireali, Miss K. Terry as Lena, and other parts by F. Charles, Miss Elsworthy, etc. ; first per- formed in America at Niblo's Garden, New York, May 17, 1864, with Felicita Vestvali as Angela and Rose Eytinge as Lena. 'Bel Demonio ' is the name assumed by Angela when he puts himself at the head of a band of Zingari, with the view of enforcing his claim to the hand of Lejia (daughter of Campireali). He is thought to be plebeian, but is really of noble birth, and, in the end, carries off his lady-love from the midst of a multitude of dangers. See Broken Vow, The. Belarius, in 'CjTnbeline' {q.v.), is a British nobleman and soldier, who, being wrongly banished, in revenge steals the king's sons {Guideiius and Arviragus), but in the end surrenders them. Belasco, David. Dramatic writer; author of 'La Belle Russe' (1886), 'The Heart of Maryland ' (1S95), and other pieces ; also, co-author, with H. C. De Mille, of ' The Senator's Wife ' (1S92) and ' Man and Woman ' (1898), and, with Franklyn Fvles, of ' The Girl I Left Behind me ' (1893). ' See Lost Paradise. Belavoir. The Prince in Planch6's ' Discreet Princess' {q.v.). Belch, Sir Toby. Uncle of Olivia in •Twelfth Night '(r^.r.). Belchier, Daubridfcourt, who took hisB.A. degree at Oxford in 1600, afterwards settled in the Low Countries, and died there in 1621, translated from the Dutch the dramatic piece entitled ' Hans Beer-Pot, his Invisible Comedie of See me and See me Not' (1618). See Wood's 'Fasti Oxoni- enses ' (1721), Whincop's ' List of Dramatic Poets ' (1747), 'Biographia Dramatica' (1812X and ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1885). Belcore, Sergeant, figures in all the English versions, adaptations, and bur- lesques of ' L'Elisir d'Amore ' {q.v.). Belcour, in Cumberland's 'West In- dian' {q.v.), is the son of Stockwell and the adopted son of Mr. Belcour. William Lewis {q.v.) was so successful in this part that he became known as "Belcour Lewis." (2) Eustache Belcour, in W. E. Suter's ' First Love ' {q.v.), has been the betrothed of Camille. Beleses. A soothsayer and satrap in Byron's ' Sardanapalus ' {q.v.). Belfield. The name of " the brothers" in Cumberland's play so called {q.v.). Belfille, Mrs. Actress ; made her first appearance at Hull as Lady Paragon, and in 1784 " played a good line of business in the BELFORD 138 BELLA Norwich company." She represented Be- linda in ' All in the Wrong ' at Covent Garden in 1786, performed for a season at York, and died in 17S7. Belford. (1) Major Belford, in Colman sen.'s 'Deuce is in him' (q.v.), is engaged to Mdlle. Florival (q.v.). (2) Philip and Hetty Belford are characters in BUCHANAN'S ' Clarissa Harlow e ' (q.v.), Belford, "Williara Rowles. Actor, born near Bristol, lS2i ; died June 2, 1881 ; began his professional career in 1847, at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, as Sir Thomas Clifford in ' The Hunchback ' (q.v.), and, after some experience in the provinces, joined Phelps's company at Sadler's AVells, London, in 1851, starting as Sir Charles Cropland in "The Poor Gentleman' (q.v.). Among the parts played by him at this theatre were lAtcius in 'Timon of Athens '(1S5G), Lucentio in 'The Taming of the Shrew ' (1856), Fabian in 'Twelfth Night' (1857), Guiderius in 'Cymbeline' (1857), Brush in 'The Clandes- tine INIarriage ' (1857), and Darnley in ' The Hypocrite' (1S5S). We find him in 1S61 playing the King in ' Hamlet ' with the Keans at Dniry Lane. In the following year he " created" at the Strand the part of Dundreary in Oxenford's ' Sam's Arrival ' iq.v.), and at the same theatre in 1865 he was the original Mr. Bubble in ' One Tree Hill ' (q.v.). Among his other original roles may be mentioned Caderousse in 'Monte Cristo ' (1868), Higglei in Burnand's ' Morden Grange' (1SC9), Sir John Ilartington in "Twixt Axe and Crown' (1870), Randall in 'Randall's Thumb' (1871), William in Richards' ' Cromwell ' (1872), and Old Nolle- kins in 'Old London' (1873). In 1874-5. at the Gaiety, he played Mr. Page in 'The Merry Wives of Windsor ;' and in 1876 toured in the English provinces as Henry VIII. For occasional criticisms on his perform- ances, see Button Cook's ' Nights at the Play.' Belforest. Husband of Levidulcia in TOURNEUR'S ' Atheist's Tragedy ' (q.v.). Belfour, Hug-o John. Clergyman, born 1802, ordained 1S26, died 1827 ; pub- lished, under the pseudonym of "St. John Dorset," two five-act tragedies, entitled re- spectively ' The Vampire ' (1821) and ' Monte- zuma ' (1822). Belgravia. A character in Planche's * New Haymarket Spring Meeting ' (q.v.). Believe as you List. A comedy by Philip Massinger (q.v.), licensed in May, 1631, and entered at Stationers' Hall in September, 1653, and June, 1660. This was one of the plays destroyed by Warburton's servant. Belinda. (1) "An affected lady" in CONGREVE's 'Old Bachelor' (q.v.). (2) A girl in Tayerner'S ' Artful Husband' (q.v.), M'ho masquerades as Sir 3Iodish Pert. (3) Niece of Lady Brute in Vanbrugh's 'Pro- voked \\'ife ' (q v.). (4) Daughter of 3[r. Blandford in Murphy's ' All in the Wrong.' (5) The heroine of T. HOOK'S ' Soldier's Return ' (q.v.). (6) The heroine of J. Oxen- ford's ' Rape of the Lock ' (q.v.). (7) The heroine of W S. Gilbert's ' Engaged ' (q.v.\ (8) The "slavey" in Byron's 'Our Boys' (q.v.). Belisarius. (1) A tragedy by W. Philips (q.v.), founded on history, and first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields on Aprill4, 1724, with Boheme as the hero, Mrs. Brett as Almira, Mrs. Parker as Valeria, Ryan as Justinian, Quin as Hermogenes, etc. (2) A tragedy ascribed to J. P. Kemble (q.v.), per- formed at Hull in 1778 and at York in 1779. (3) A tragedy by H. Downman, M.D., per- formed at Exeter, and printed in 1786 and 1792. (4) A scene from a play of this name appeared in ' The Oracle ' in October 17, 1795. (5) A tragedy, in five acts and in verse, by Mrs. Faugeres, not acted, but published in America in 1795. Beliza. A character in Mrs. Cent- livre's ' Love at a Venture' (q.v.). Bell, (1) Jessie Bell is a country girl in Halliday's 'Daddy Grey' (q.v.) (2) Nelly Bell is the heroine of H. T. Craven's • 'Our Nelly' (q.v.). (3) Baron Billy and- Lady Nancy Bell are characters in F. C. ' Burnand's 'Lord Level and Lady Nancy BeW(q.v.). Bell, Archibald. Sheriff-depute of Ayr- shire, born 1755, died 1854 ; published in 1841 two tragedies in verse, entitled * Count Cler- mont' and ' Caius Toranius.' Bell, Mrs. Hug-h. Dramatic writer: author of ' A Chance Interview ' (1SS9). ' A Lost Thread ' (1890), ' Time is Money ' (1890) ' A Joint Household ' (1891), ' Nicholson'^ Niece' (1892), The Masterpiece' (1893) ' Jerry-Builder Solness ' (1893), ' In a Tele graph Office' (1893), 'The Great Illusion (1895). ' The Bicycle ' (1S96) ; also, co-author with C H. E. Brookfield, of 'An Under ground Journey ' (1893) ; and translator o 'Karin'(1892). Bell, Minnie. Actress and dramati writer ; Avas in the original casts c ' Estranged ' (1881), ' Bad Boys ' (18S5), ' Th Other Little Lord Fondleboy' (1887), etc as well as in those of the following piece.' adapted by herself—' Is Madame at Home' (1887), 'The Gavotte' (1890), and 'Lad Browne's Diary ' (1892). Bell, Peter. See Peter Bell th W^aggoner. Bell, Robert. Dramatic and misce laneous writer, born at Cork 1800, died 1867 author of three comedies, entitled ' Marriagi (1842), ' Mothers and Daughters ' (1843), an ' Temper' (1847) (q.v.); and two other dr; matic pieces — ' Double Disguises' an ' Comic Lectures ; ' and editor of a voluiE of ' Songs from the Dramatists.' Bell in Campo. A tragedy in t\i, parts, by Margaret, Duchess of Ne'^ CASTLE (q.v.) ; never acted, but printed wit, her other works in 1662. Bella, in Robertson's 'School' (q.v\ is a young governess, in love with Lo\ Beaufoy (q.v.). BELLA'S BIRTHDAY 139 BELLAMY Bella's Birthday. A farce by C H, Stephenson ; Princess's Theatre, London, January 9, 1873.— 'Bella's Intended:' a comedietta by Edward Rose ; Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, October 15, 1S83. Belladonna; or,TlieLittleBeauty and the Great Beast. An opera in three acts, music by Alfred Cellier, libretto by Alfred Thompson, first performed at Prince's Theatre, Manchester, on April 27, 1878, with a cast including Mdme. Selina Do- laro, Federici, F. Marshall, A. Roberts, etc. Bellafront, in Dekker's ' Honest Whore' (q.v.), is, says Hazlitt, "a most in- teresting character. It is an extreme, and I am afraid, almost an ideal case. She gives the play its title, turns out a true penitent, that is, a practical one, and is the model of an exemplary wife." Bellair, in Etherege's 'Man of Mode' (q.v.), was probably intended by the author as a piece of self-portraiture. Bellair is the name also of characters in (2) Mrs. Cent- livre'S 'Love at a Venture' (q.v.) and (3) Mrs. Cowley's ' More "Ways than One' (q.v.). Bellamente. Husband of Clariana in Shirley's ' Love's Cruelty ' (q.v.). Bellamine, in Smythe's 'Rival Modes' (q.v.), is in love Avith Melissa (q.v.). Bellamira her Dream; or, The Love of Shadows. A tragi-comedy in two parts, by Thomas Killigrew (q.v.), printed with the rest of his works in 1(564. (2) ' Bellamira ; or, The Mistress : ' a comedy by Sir Ch.vrles SedleyC^'.v.), acted "by their Majesties' servants " at the "Theatre Royal in 1687. The scene is laid in London, but the characters and plot are adapted from the ' Eunuch ' of Terence. ' ' The parts of Lionel, Eustace, Pisqnil, and Silence correspond to those of Chcerea, Chremes, Dorus,andDorias. Daiifjer field a.nd Smoothly are Thraso and Gnatho. Phaedria is turned into Keepwell, a comic character. In the part of Thais, as Bellamira, the author . . . seems to have had his eye on the Duchess of Cleveland." "He represents her as an Imperious mistress, who governs and jilts her keeper " (Genest). Merryman is largely identical with Parmeno, and, as a very fat man, is contrasted with Cunningham, who is very thin. (3) 'Bellamira; or. The Fall of Tunis : ' a tragedy by Shiel, first performed atCovent Garden on April 22, ISIS, with Miss O'Neill as the heroine, C. Kemble as Man- fredi, Macready as Amurath, Young as Montalto, and Terry as Salerno ; first played at New York in the same year, with George Bartley as Montalto and Mrs. G. Bartley as Bellamira. Bellamira is the daughter of Montalto (governor of Tunis) and the wife of Manfredi (a Neapolitan nobleman). She falls into the hands of Amnrath, a renegade, who has superseded Montalto ; but is saved by Tunis being captured by the Spaniards. Eellamonde ; or, The King's Aveng-er. A drama in a prologue and three acts, by Edward Towers (q.v.) ; Pa- vilion Theatre, London, November 15, 1879. I Bellamy, Daniel. Miscellaneous Avriter, i born 1687 ; author of ' Love Triumphant : a j Pastoral Drama for Schools,' and some other dramatic pieces for young people, published 1 in The Young Lady's Miscellany (1723). He ] was also associated with his son, Daniel I Bellamy, clergyman (died 1788), in the com- position of some similar pieces included in ' Miscellanies in Prose and Verse ' (1739-40). See the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812). Bellamy, Georg-e Anne. Actress, born (according to her own statement) on April 23, 1733 (according to Chetwood, in 1727); christened "George Anne "by mistake for " Georgiana ; " daughter of Lord Tyrawley and a quakeress named Seal, who married a Captain Bellamy just before "George Anne's " birth. Through her father, " George Anne," in her youth, made the acquaintance of some notable people, such as Fox, Chester- ' field, Pope, and Garrick. She appears to have I had some success in private theatricals before, in 1742, she appeared at Covent Garden as Prue in 'Love for Love' (q.v.). I She was engaged at that theatre for the season of 1744-5, during which she figured as Monimia in 'The Orphsin,' A.'ipatia in ' The Maid's Tragedy,' Celia in ' Volpone,' Arsinoe in 'Mariamne,' and Anne Sullen. It was at this time that she undertook her first original part— that of Blanch in ' Papal Tyranny ' (1745). Between 1745 and 1748 she was at the Aungier Street Theatre, Dublin. In 1748-50 she was at Covent Garden ; in 1750-53 at Drury Lane; and in 1753-59 at Covent Garden again. She visited Dublin (Smock Alley) in 1760-61, and Edinburgh in 1764. At Covent Garden she figured in 1761-62, and between 1764 and 1770. She died in February, 1788. Among the cha- racters she " created "—and they were not very numerous— were Volumnia in Thom- son's ' Coriolanus' (1749), Erixene inYonng's 'Brothers' (1753), Virginia in Monoriett's ' Appius ' (1755), and the heroine in ' Cleone ' (175S). Her Shakespearean parts included Juliet [which she played, with Garrick as Borneo, at Covent CJarden in 1750, against Barry and Mrs. Nossiter at the rival estab- lishment], Cordelia, Desdemona, Lady Mac- beth, Portia in 'Julius Ca:sar,' and Isabella in ' Measure for Measure ; ' among her other roles may be mentioned Marcia in ' Cato,' Leonora in ' The Revenge,' Almeria in ' The Mourning Bride,' Andromache, and Calista. For further details, see Genest's ' English Stage ' (1S32). " We can say of Mrs. Bellamy," observes C Dibdin, "that she was natural, easy, chaste, and impressive ; that as far as person, features, voice, and conception went, none of which were by any means of an inferior description, ske highly pleased and never offended." " In the latter part of her life she went off greatly in her acting, and consequently could not get an engage- ment ; but her distress arose chiefly from her extravagance." In 1785 appeared 'An Apology for the Life of George Anne Bellamy,' compiled, apparently, by Alex- I ander Bicknell, who "ingeniously worked ' up his materials into five small volumes, to BELLAMY 140 BELLE OF THE SEASON which a sketch was afterwards added." In the same year appeared ' Memoirs of George Anne Bellamv, by a Gentleman of Covent Garden Theatre.' See also Hitchcock's • Irish Stage ' (17S8-9-1), Jackson's ' Scottish Stage ' (1793), Chetwood's ' General History of the Stage' (1749), Tate Wilkinson's • Memoirs ' (1790) and ' Wandering Patentee ' (1795), and O'Keefe's ' Recollections ' (1S26). Bellamy, Somers. Dramatic writer ; author of ' Flirtation' (1877), ' Two Wedding Rings,' etc. ; and part author (with F. Romer) of ' Tact ' (1885), ' April Showers ' (1889). Bellamy, Thomas. Dramatic and miscellaneous writer, born 1745, died 1800 ; author of a plav called ' The Friends ; or, The Benevolent Planters' (1789). See the •Biographia Dramatica' (1812). Bellamy, William Hoare. Actor ; born at Cork, 1800 ; died in America, 1866 ; made his English debut as Sir Siiywn Rock- dale in ' John Bull,' and his American debut (at New York, in 1837) as Captain Copp in 'Charles IL' (g.?;.)- Ireland describes him as "a most excellent serious 'old man.' a fine reader, and a sensible actor' ('New York Stage ').— Mrs. W. H. Bellamy (known at one time as Mrs. A. W. Penson) played such parts as Emily in ' A Nabob for an Hour,' and Lady Rooku'ood. She first ap- peared in America in 1838, and died in 1S57. Bellanora. Daughter of Gostanzo, in Chapman's 'All Fools' (q.v.). Bellapert, in Massinger's ' Fatal Dowry' (g.v.), is servant to Beaumelle (g.i'.). Bellario, in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Philaster' (^.r.), is the name assumed by Euphrasia (q.v.), when she disguises her- self as a page. (2) A character in Victor's ' Altamira'"(2.f.), in love with the heroine. Bellasis, Lady. The widow in 'Sir Roger de Coverley ' {q.v.}. Bellaston, Lady. A character in R. Buchanan's ' Sophia' (q.v.). Bellavoir. A character in 'The Prin- cesses in the Tower ' (q.v.). Belle Affaire (La). See Lucky Hit. Belle Alliance (La). A pantomime by G. A. S\LX(q.v.), produced at Covent Garden in 1855-6. Belle and the Boor (The). A play by T. J. Williams (q.v.). Belle Belle. Daughter of Coitnt Colly- wobbol in H. J. BYRON'S ' Lady Belle Belle' (q.v.). Belle Clarisse (La). A drama in a prologue and four acts, perfonned at the Ladbroke Hall, London, on March 9, 1891. Belle Helene (La). A comic opera, libretto bv Meilhac and Halevy, music by <)ffenbach"(Paris, 1864), of which there have been several English versions : (1) by Charles Lamb Kenney, produced at the Gaiety, London, on October 23, 1871, with ]SIiss Julia Mathews a'cess and Pocohontas. Belle's Stratag-em (The). A comedy by Mrs. Cowley (q v.), first performed (with music by Michael Arne) at Covent Garden, on February 22, 1780, with Wroughton as Sir George Touchivood, Lewis as Doricourt, Quick as 3Ir. Hardy, Lee Lewes as Flutter, Edwin as the auctioneer, Wewitzer as the French servant, Mrs. Hartley as Ladij Touchwood, Mrs, Mattocks as ifrs. Rackett, and Miss Younge as Letitia Hardy. It was revived at Drury Lane in March, 1790, with Kemble as Doricourt, Baddeley as Hardy, R. Palmer as Courtall, Bannister, jun., as Flutter, Mrs, Kemble as Lady Touchivood, Miss Pope as Mrs. liackett, and Mrs. Jordan as Letitia; at Covent Garden in January, 1808, with Munden as Hardy, Farley as Courtall, Jones as Flutter, Mrs. Mattocks as Mrs. Rackett, and Mrs. H. Johnston as Letitia; at Covent Garden in September, 1817, with Abbott as Sir George, C. Kemble as Doricourt, Fawcett as Hardy, Mrs. Gibbs as Mrs. Rackett, and Miss Brunton as Le- titia ; at Drury Lane in January, 1818, w ith Dowton as Hardy, Harley as Flutter, INIrs Glover as Mrs. Rackett, and Miss Smithson as Letitia; at Drury Lane in 1826. with Wallack, Miss Foote as Letitia, Browne as Flutter, Penley as Sir George; at the Lyceum in 1828, with Green as Flutter ; at the City of London Theatre in 1844; at Sadler's Wells Theatre in August, 1849, with Miss i Fitzpatrick as Letitia, G. Bennett as Sir George, H. Marston as Doricourt, and Mrs. Marston as Mrs. Rackett; at the St. James's Theatre in October, 1866, with Gaston Murray as Sir George, H. Irving as Doricourt, F, Matthews as Mr. Hardy, W. Lacy as Flutter, Mrs, F, Matthews as Mrs. Rackett, Miss Herbert as Letitia, Miss C. Addison as Lady Touchxuood, and Miss E. Bufton as Miss Ogle ; at the Strand Theatre in 1873-4, withW. Terriss as Doricourt, C. H. Stephen- son as Hardy, H. Cox as Flutter, Miss Ada Swanborough as Letitia, and Miss Nelly Bromley as Lady Touchwood; at the Lyceum Theatre in June, 1876, with H. Irving as Doricourt, E. H. Brooke as Flutter, W. Bentley as Saville. R. C. Carton as Villers, Miss Isabel Bateman as Letitia Hardy, Miss L. Buckstone as Lady Touch- wood, and Miss V. Bateman as 31 rs. Rackett ; at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April 16, 1881, with H. Irving as Doricourt, H. Howe as Hardy, W, Terriss as Flutter, A. W. Pinero as Saville, A. Elwood as Villers, Miss Sophie Young as Mrs. Rackett, Miss Barnett as Lady Touchivood, and Miss Ellen Terry as Letitia Hardy. The comedy was performed at New York in 1794, with Hodgkinson as Doricourt, Hallam as Flutter, and Mrs. Hodgkinson as Letitia; and in 1839, with Murdoch as Doricourt and Miss May wood as Letitia; at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in 1872 ; at Daly's Theatre, New York, in 1893, with Miss Ada Rehan as Letitia. A. Bourchier as Doricourt, J. Lewis as Old Hardy, and Miss A. Prince as Mrs. Rackett. Bellenden, Major, Lady Marg-a- ret, and Edith, figure in Farley'.s ' Battle of Bothwell Brigg ' {q.v.). Bellendon. A play, acted at the Rose Theatre, London, on June 8, 1594, "by the Lord Admiral's men " (' BiogTaphia Drama- tica '). Sellers, Fettiplace. Miscellaneous writer ; the author of ' Injured Innocence,' a tragedy (1732), and other works. Belles of the Kitchen (The). A farce performed at Niblo's Theatre, New York, in January, 1874, with the Yokes family in the principal parts ; performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1875. Belles without Beaux ; or, Ladies among- themselves was performed at Covent Garden in August, 1822, with Miss Kelly as Mrs. Dashington. Belleterre, Marquis de. The " poor nobleman " in C. Selby's drama of that name {q.v.). His daughter is named Hortense. Belleur, in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Wild-goose Chase' {q.v.), is in love with Rosalura {q.v). Bellew, Harold Kyrle. Actor and dramatic writer, born at Prescot, Lincoln- shire ; made his professional debut at Solferino, Australia, as Eglinton Roseleaf in ' Turn Him Out ' {q.v ). His first appear- ance on the English stage was at Brighton, on August 22, 1875, when he played Lord Woodstock in 'Lady Clancarty' {q.v.); his London debict took place at the Ilaymarket in December, 1875, as Paris in ' Romeo and Juliet' {q.v.). His first original part was that of Lord Percy in T. Taylor's 'Anne Bolevn ' (1876) ; he was also in the first cast of Rae's ' Birds in tlieir Little Nests agree ' (1876). He has since " created '" the follow- ing parts -.—Belvawney in ' Engaged ' (1S77), Percy Deverel in 'Light and Shade ' (1879), Horatio in ' The Lord of the Manor ' (]SSO), Leo Chillingham in ' Mimi ' (1881), Raphael de Corr^ze in 'Moths' (1882), Humphrey Goddard in 'Breaking a Butterfly' (1884), Gilbert Vaughan in ' Called Back ' (1884). Jacques Rosny in ' Civil AVar ' (1887), Pedro in ' Loyal Love ' (1887), Leander in ' Hero and Leander ' (1S92), and Philip Carrington in ' The Lights of Home ' (1892). He has also appeared in London as Osric in 'Hamlet' (1878), Glavis in ' The Lady of Lyons' (1879), De Beringhen in ' Richelieu ' (1879), Gibbet in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1879), Frederick in ' The Poor Gentleman ' (1879), Orlando in ' As You Like It ' (1880), Philip Warren in ' Mankind ' (1882), Prince Philamir in ' The BELLGUARD 142 BELMORE Palace of Truth ' (ISSi). and Hubert Graham in * In his Power' (1SS5). He has appeared in the En&hsh provinces as Romeo, and as the two Dei Franchi. In New York in 1SS7 he figured as Captain Dyke in Lloyd's 'Dominie's Daughter' (g.r.). In 1S95 he appeared there in ' The Queen's Necklace ' (^.r.) and ' Charlotte Corday ' (g.r.). He was seen in London in 1S97 in ' Francillon ' and ' Charlotte Corday,' and in 1S99 in ' The Ghetto.' He is the author of two dramatic pieces : ' Yvonne ' (ISSl) and ' Hero and Leander' {q.v.), the latter an adaptation (1892). Bellg-uard, Lord. A character in Crow.ne's ' Sir Courtly Nice ' (g.r.). Belling" the Cat. A comedietta by Martin Becher, St. George's Hall, Lon- don, November 6, ISSC. Belling-ham, Chandos. The villain in BouciCAULT's ' After Dark ' {q.v.). Belling-ham (Henry) and "William Best. Authors of the following dramatic pieces:— ' Arline, the Lost Child' (1S64), 'The Magic Horse and the Ice-Maiden Princess ' (1864), ' Prince Camaralzaman ' (1865), 'Princess Primrose' (1866). 'Darby and Joan' (1884), 'My Love and I' (1886), ' Sol Gandv ' (18*7), ' Meddle and ]\Iuddle ' (1887), ' The Light of his Eyes ' (1893), ' Ruy Bias ; or, A Cad may Look at a Queen '(1893). and ' Keep your own Counsel' (1895), all of ■which see.— H. Bellingham is the sole author of ' Bluebeard Re-paired ' (1866), and • A Socialist '(1887), which see ; and W. Best has -written ' Love and Physic ' (ISSS), which see also. Belliza. The "Amorous Bigot" in Siiad- WELL's play of that name {q.t.). Bellman of London (The). A play by Robert Daborne {q.v.). Eellmein, Captain. A character in Mrs. Centlivre's 'Beau's Duel' {q.v.). Bellmont, Sir "William and Georgre. Father and sou in A. Murphy's ' All in the Wrong' {q.v.). Bellmour. A character in Mrs. Pix's ' Adventures in Madrid ' {q.v.). There is (2) a Lord Bellmour in To>rs 'Accomplished Maid' {q.v.), and (3) a Widow Bellmour in Murphy's ' Way to Keep him ' {q.v.). Bellows, Henry "Whitney, D.D. American L'nitarian minister, born 1814 ; author of ' A Defence of the Drama ' (1857), Bell-Ring-'er of Notre Dame (The). (I) A play by C. Z. Barnett (.^.r.). (2) A drama in three acts, by W. H. Abel, East London Theatre, July, 1871. Bell-Bing-er of St. Paul's (The); or, The Huntsman and the Soy. A lue.odrama by Thompson Townsend, first performed at Sadler's Wells on Marck 4, 1839, with Cathcart as the hero. Bells (T::ic). a drama in three acts, adapted by Leopold Lewis {q.v.) from Erckniann-Chatrian's ' Le Juif Polonais,' and first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on November 25, 1871, with H. Irving as Mathias, F. W. Irish as Hans, H. Crellin [Standing] as Christian, Gaston Murray as the Judge, A. Tapping as the Mesmerist, Miss G. Pauncefort as Catherine, and Miss Fanny Heywood as Annette; re- vived at the Lyceum in July, 1879, with Irving in his original part, Miss Alma Murray as Annette, F. Cooper as Christian, and S. Johnson as Hans; in July, 1881, with W, Terriss as Christian and Miss Winifred Emery as Annette; in May, 1SS5, with G. Alexander as Christiaii ; in April, 1887 ; in June, 1SS9 ; and in September, 1S92. (2) 'The Bells; or. The Polish Jew;' a drama adapted by G. F. Rowe and C. W. Barry' from ' Le Juif Polonais,' and per- formed at Booth's Theatre, New York, August 19, 1872, with J. W. Wallack as Mathias, R. Pateman as Dr. Franz, and Miss Bella Pateman as Margaret. (3) ' The Bells of the Sledge : ' a drama in a prologue and three acts, adapted by Horace Allex from ' Le Juif Polonais,' Theatre Royal, Leigh, Lancashire, December 26, 1891. (4) ' The Bells Bell-esqued and the Polish Jew Polished off ; or, Mathias, the Muffin, the Mystery, the Maiden, and the Masher:' a burlesque of ' The Bells,' produced at Nor- wich on March 13, 1883. See Paul Zegers and Polish Jew. Bells in the Storm. (The). A drama by C. H. Hazlewood {q.v.), Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, February 14, 1874. Bells of Haslemere (The). A drama in four acts, by H. Pettitt {q.v.) and S. GRUNDY'((/.r.). first performedat the Adelphi Theatre, London, on July 28, 1887, with W. Terriss as Frank Beresford, Miss Millward as Evelyn Brookfield, and other parts by J. D. Beveridge, C.'Cartwright, J. Beauchamp, J. H. Darnley, Howard Russell, E. W. Garden, Miss Annie Irish, Miss C. Jecks, and Miss H. Forsyth ; produced at the Windsor Theatre, New York, December 23, 1889. Belmont. (1) Sir Eager, Charles, and Eosetta Belmont are characters in Moore's 'Foundling' {q.v.). (2) Captain Belmont figures in Poole's 'Matchmaking' {q.v). Belmore, Alice and Lillie. Actresses ; daughters of George Belmore {q.v.). Alice Belmore has plav-ed in Loudon the fol- lowing original parts -.—Liz in ' Hoodman Blind' (1SS5), Xeone in 'Clito' (1886), Mrs. Freyne in ' The Golden Ladder ' (1SS7), Nancy in ' Ben My Chree' (18SS), Mrs. Melway in 'The People's Idol' (1890), etc. Lillie Belmore "created" the follow- ing roles:— Mrs. Strickley in 'The Golden Ladder' (1SS7). Biddy in 'The Good Old Times ' (18S9), Myra Keith in ' The People's Idol' (1S90), Sarah Slocum in 'Tommv' (1891), Mattea in ' Father Buonaparte ' (lS9i), Mdlle. Flora in ' The Acrobat ' (1891), Janet in 'The Reckoning' (1891), Eosalie in ' Trooper Clairette ' (1S92), and Ada Smith BELMORE EELPHEGOR in 'The Shop Girl' (1894). She played Audrey in ' As You Like It ' at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, in February, 1S94. Belmore, Georg-e [George Benjamin Garstin]. Actor, died in New York, November 15, 1875 ; appeared at the Maryle- bone Theatre, London, in December, 1856, as Bokes in Shirley Brooks's ' Creole ' {q.v.). Among the parts he "created" the follow- ing may be named : — Stephen Hargrcaves in Cheltnam's 'Aurora Floyd' (18G3), Jacob Vance in ' The Deal Boatman ' (1863), Christo- pher Clipper in ' The Alabama ' (1864), Nat Gosling in 'The Flying Scud' (lfc66), Toby Taperly in ' Maud's Peril ' (1867), Bintrey in ' No Thoroughfare ' (1867), Plato in W Collins's ' Black and White' (1869), Augustus de Rosherville in ' The WMUow Copse ' (1869), Remy in ' Paul Lafarge ' (1870), KUhleborn in Reece's 'Undine' (1870), Andrew Arm- strong in ' Daisy Farm ' (1871), FridoUn in 'Giselle' (1871), Sam Wcllcr in Albery's 'Pickwick' (1871), Cromwell in Wills's ' Charles L' (1872), and Newman Noggs in Halliday's ' Nicholas Nickleby ' (1875). He was also in the original cast of 'Ruth Oakley ' (1857), ' An April Fool ' (1864), ' The O'Flahertys' (1864), 'A Day of Reckoning' (1868), ' Tom Thrasher ' (1S68), and Taylor's 'Handsome is as Handsome does' (1870). Other parts played by him were Boh Levitt in ' Mary Warner ' (1870), Sylvinet in ' Fan- chette' (1871), Zekiel in 'The Heir at Law (1873), Dicky Trotter in ' Janet Pride ' (1874), and Spotty in ' The Lancashire Lass (1875). In 1862 he married Miss Alice Cooke. Belraour. A word occurring frequently in dramatic nomenclature. For example, there is a Belmour in Rowe's ' Jane Shore ' {q.v.), in CONGREVE's ' Old Bachelor' (q.v.), in Whitehead's ' School for Lovers ' Iq.v.), and in Waldron'S ' Prodigal ' {q-v.). There are also a,Mr. and J/rs. Behaourm Beazley'S 'Is he Jealous?' (q.v.), while Constance Belmour is the heroine of Webster's ' One Touch of Nature' iq.c). Belon, Peter (circa 1675-90). Author of a comedy called ' The Mock Duellist ; or, The French Valet ' (q.v.). Belphegror. A character in Dibdin's • Mirror ' (q-v.). Belphegor; or. The Marriag-e of the Devil. A tragic-comedy by John Wilson, licensed in October, 1690, acted at Dorset Garden, and printed in 1691. The devils, finding that the men who go to hell generally complain that it was their wives who sent them there, determine that one of their number shall become man, marry, and, after ten years' experience, return and report. Belphegor accordingly assumes the shape and name of Roderiyo, and espouses Imperia, by whom he is both henpecked and deceived. (2) 'Beli)hegor; or. The Wishes :' a comic opera in three acts, by Miles Peter Andrews (q.v.), first per- formed at Drury Lane on March 17, 1778, with Bannister as ^eZ^j/ief7or (a devil), Vernon as Booze (a woodcutter), Mrs. Wrighten as Dame Bin (his wife), Moody as Farmer Wheatear, and Parsons as Justice Solemn. " Booze shelters Belphegor from his pursuers. Belphegor in return gives Booze three wishes " (Genest). Belphegror, the Mountehank. The hero of several English dramas, adapted from the ' Paillasse ' of MM. Dennery and Marc Fournier (produced at the Gaite, Paris, on November 9, 1850, with Frederic Lemaitre as the hero). (1) 'Belphegor the Mounte- bank ; or. The Pride of Birth : ' a play in three acts brought out at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on January 13, 1851, with B. Webster as the hero, Mdme. Celeste as Madeline, Miss Woolgar as N^i7ii, Miss Ellen Chaplin as Henri, " O." Smith as De Rollac, P. Bedford as Montroulade, Wright as Ajax, and H. Hughes as Montbazon. (2) ' Bel- phegor, the Itinerant : ' a drama in four acts, adapted by J. Courtney (q.v.), and first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon- don, on January 20, 1851, with Creswick as Belphegor, H.Widdicombas Vicomte Hercule, Miss Cooper as Madeline, Miss Mandlebert as Henri, and other parts by T. Mead (De Rollac), and the Misses J. and H. Coveney. (3) 'Belphegor, the Buffoon:' a play in three acts, by Thomas Higgie and T. Hailes Lacy, first performed at the Victoria Theatre, London, on January 27, 1851, with J. T. Johnson as Belphegor, Miss Amelia Mercer as Madeline, J. Bradshaw as Lavarennes, and T. Higgie as Fripon. (4) Contemporaneous with these three versions was a fourth, per- formed at the City of London Theatre on January 20, 1851, with E. F. Savile as the hero, W. Searle as the Duke, and Fredericks as De Rollac. (5) In April, 1S56, an adapta- tion in three acts, by Charles Webb, was produced at Sadler's Wells Theatre, under the title of ' Belphegor, the Mountebank, or Woman's Constancy,' and with Charles Dillon as Belphegor and Mrs. Dillon as Madeline. This play was removed in Sep- tember to the Lyceum Theatre, with the Dillons in their original parts. Miss Harriet Gordon as Zephyrina Petitpas, Miss Marie Wilton as Henri, J. L. Toole as Hilanon, Fanfaronade, J. G. Shore as Viscount Her' cule, P. Stuart as Lavaremies (De Rollac), and Barrett as the Duke de Montbazon. This piece was revived at Drury Lane in 1878, with Dillon in his original part and INIiss Wallis as Madeline. (6) An adap- tation by Charles Fechter and John Brougham, entitled 'The Mountebank,' was produced at the Lyceum on April 17, 1865, with Fechter as Belphegor, Mdlle. Bea- trice as Madeline, Paul Fechter as Henri, and other parts by Miss C. Leclercq, J. Ryder, S. Emerv, and Widdicomb. (7) An adaptation by John Coleman (q.v.).— The role of Belpheqor has been played by T. Swinbourne (Sadler's Wells, 1866), H. Neville (Olympic, 1878), and E. Compton (in the English provinces, 1885-6).— Ver- sions of ' Belphegor' were performed in New York in March, 1851— one at the Broadway Theatre, with F. Conway as the hero, Miss Julia Bennett as Madeline, and BELSHAZZAR BENEDICT Miss A. Gougenheim as Nina ; the other at the BoAvery, with Eddy in the title part. In 1S58, Clarence Holt and his wife ap- peared SLS Belphegor Knd Madeline a.t Burton's Theatre.— A burlesque of Webb's ' Bel- phegor,' as performed at the Lyceum, was written by Leicester Buckingham, and produced at the Strand Theatre, London, on September 29, 1S56, with Miss Cuthbert as Belphegor, H. J. Turner as Madeline, and J. Clarke as Ikey. Belshazzar. A dramatic poem by Thomas Harrison ; never acted, but printed in 1727 and 1729. (2) A sacred drama by Hannah More (^'.r.), printed (with others) in 17S2. The perscnife include Sitocris, Daniel, courtiers, astrologers, etc. (3) A dramatic poem by Henry Hart Milman iq.v.), published in 1S22. Beltorij Mary. The heroine of H. J. Byrons ' Uncle Dick's Darling ' (q.v.). Belvawney. Friend of Cheviot Hill in Gilbert's 'Engaged' (q.vO- Belvidera. Daughter of P?-mZi and wife of Jaffier, in ' Venice Preserved' {q.v.). Thomson has the line — " And Belvidera pours her heart In loTe." Belvidere. See Almar, George. Belvil. Friend of the hero in Lajib's 'Mr. H ' (,q.v.). Belville. (1) Nephew of Harcourt, and in love with Peggy, in ' The Country Girl ' iq.v.). (2) Lord of the manor, and brother of Captain Belville, in Mrs. BROOKE'S ' Eosina' (q.v.). Ben, in Congreve's ' Love for Love' (q.v.), is the son of Sir Sampson Legend, and a sailor. " What is Ben," says Charles Lamb, " but a piece of satire, a creation of Con- greve's fancy ; a dreamy combination of all the accidents of a sailor's character— his contempt of money, his credulity to women ?" " In that legitimate sailor, Ben," writes F. Reynolds, "Bannister was in- imitable." Ben, Bigr. A character in 'Sweeney ToM\q.v.). Ben Bolt. A drama in two acts, by J. B. Johnstone (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on March 28, 1S54, with Shepherd in the title part, H. Widdi- comb as Reuben Rags, and Miss Clayton as Alice. Among the other characters are Christian Comfort, Ivan Ironlinl; Will Watch, and Mary Moonlight. Ben Nazir, the Saracen. A tragedy by Colley' Grattan (q.v.), performed at Drury Lane on May 21, 1827, with Kean in the title part, Wallack as Charles (Mavtel), Cooper as Eudes, Miss Smithsonas Bathilda, and Mrs. W. West as Emerance. Eiidcs, Duke of Aquitaine, has been captured by Ben Nazir, and Emerance, his daughter, in order to save him, has promised to wed the Saracen. However, she loves and is beloved by Charles, who penetrates into Ben Nazii 's camp, and, suspected of being a spy, ig arrested. Thereupon Emerance takes' poi- son, and Ben Nazir stabs himself. This plot is founded on fact (see Gibbon's ' Roman Empire,' c. 52). The author, in an account of the performance, accuses Keaa of mangling his part and killing the play. Ben the Boats"wain. A nautical drama by T, Egerton Wilks (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, in August, 1839, with T. P. Cooke in the title part (Ben Bowling) ; revived at Drury Lane in 1858, with John Douglass in the title part. Bendall, Ernest A., born 1846, be- came, in 1S72, theatrical critic of the London Figaro, and in 1874 was appointed to a similar post on the London Observer, which he still retains. He has written on the- atrical subjects in the Daily Neics, the St. James's Gazette, and the Theatre maga- zine. Bendo (or Byndo) and Richardo. A plav acted at the Rose Theatre, London, March 4, 1591. Benducar. Chief Minister of Barbary, in Dryden's ' Don Sebastian ' (q.v.) Beneath the Surface ; or, The Loss of the Eurydice. A drama in four acts, by Mortimer Murdoch, first performed at the Grecian Theatre on June 2, 1873 ; revived at the Marylebone Theatre, June 8, 1878. Benedick. A young lord of Padua, in * Much Ado about Nothing ' (q.v.). "When John Kemble played the part. Benedick," says Lady Pollock, ' was distinguished by a graceful dignity of demeanour, with a sneering bitterness of manner. He smiled, he did not laugh ; his jest was satire. He was a courtier and a scoffer. Macready's Benedick was a wholly different creation, whose very essence was mirth. Life was a sport to* him ; love a merry game. He was, from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot, all mirth. He had not a moment of gravity ; he laughed through the first scene and laughed away the last." Benedict, Sir Julius. Musical com- poser, born at Stuttgart, 1804 ; died June, 1885 ; came to England in 1835, conducted (in 1836) a series of Italian comic operas at the Lyceum Theatre (under the management of John Mitchell), and, in 1838, conducted a series of English operas at Drury Lane (under Bunn). In 1850 he directed Jenny Lind's concerts throughout America, and was afterwards employed as orchestral chief at Her Majesty's and Drury Lane Theatres. He was knighted in 1871. He composed the music of the following operas (or operettas) in Enghsh :— 'The Gvpsv's Warning '(1833), ' The Brides of Venice ' (1844), ' The Crusa- ders ' (1846), ' The Lily of Killarnev ' (1862), , and ' The Bride of Song' (1864), all of which see. He also contributed recitatives to the score of Welier's ' Oberon,' for perfonnance in Italian at Her Majesty's in 1860. BENEDIX 145 BENNETT Benedix, Roderick. The German [ramatist from whose ' Cinderella ' T. W. lobertson obtained the idea of his ' School ' g.v.), from whose ' Ein Lustspiel' R. iuchanan and H. Vezin adapted ' Bachelors ' q.v. and on whose 'Das LUgen' G. R. ;ims and Cecil Raleigh founded ' The Grey -fare' {q.v.). See, also, Cousin Jack. Benefice (The). A comedy attributed Dr. Wild, and printed in 16S9. In the irst act, Invention and Furor Poeticus liscuss Shakespeare and other writers, i'he other acts set forth how Sir Homily ibtains, by a stratagem, a benefice from \Iarchurch, the patron. Benefit of Hanging- (The). See SMOKED Miser, The. Benefit of the Doubt (The). A •omedy in three acts, by A. W. Pineko, first )erfornied at the Comedy Theatre, London, m October 16, 1895, with Miss Winifred ]mery as Theojjhila Eraser, Miss Lily Han- jury as Olive Allincjham, Miss R. Leclercq 13 Mrs. Cloys, Miss Henrietta Lindley as M^rs. Emptaye, Miss Esme Beringer as Jus- ina Emptaye, Miss Eva Williams as Mrs. "iuinton Twelves, Leonard Boyne as John \Allinyham, J. G. Grahame as Alexander Eraser, Cyril Maude as Sir Fletcher I'ort- [vood, Aubrey Fitzgerald as Claude Emptaye, md other parts by J. W. Pigott, Stuart ;)harapion, J. Byron, and E. Cosham ; per- ■ormed at the Lyceum Theatre, New York, n January, 1896, with Herbert Kelcey as Allinyham, Stephen Grattan as Eraser, MissElita Proctor Otis as Mrs. Allinyham, and Miss Isabel Irving as Mrs. Eraser. j Benevolent Cut-throat (The). "A blay in seven acts, translated from an origi- nal German drama, written by tlie celebrated 'Klotzboggenhaggen, by Fabius Pictor." A burlesque of the German drama, printed in ' The Meteors ' (1800). Benevolent Man (The). A comedy by Maynard Chamberlain Walker, played at Smock Alley, Dublin, in 1771. Benevolent Merchant (The). See English Merchant, The. Benevolent Planters (The). See Friends, The. I Bengal Tiger (The). A farce in one tact, by C. Dance (q.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on December 18, 1837, ^vith AV. Farren as Sir Paul Payoda and Mrs. Orger as 3Iiss Yellouieaf ; played lat New York in April, 1838, with I'lacide as Sir Paul; revived at the Adelphi, London, in 1859, with Alfred Wigan and his wife as Sir Paul and Yelloidcaf, and J. L. Toole as David ; at the Haymarket in 1S63 ; at the Princess's in 1870, with the Wigans. Bengough. Actor ; mentioned in the • Thespian Dictionary ' (1805) as " a favourite at Manchester," and as being "reckoned a useful actor." After a season at Bath, he appeared at Drury Lane in 1816 as Baron B'ildenheim in 'Lovers' Vows,' on which occasion Hazlitt wrote of him : " Mr. Bengough is an actor who shows consider- able judgment and feeling, and who would produce more effect than he does, if he took less pains to produce it. . . , Y^et the expression of natural pathos is what he seems to excel in. He treads the stage well." He "created" the chief part in ' Melmoth the Wanderer '(g.v.). Bengough. Scenic artist; "first dis- played his taste and skill " at New Y'ork in 1836, in 'The Maid of Cashmere.' Ireland, in his ' New York Stage ' (1866), speaks of him as having " died in New York, in poverty, several years ago." Benham, Arthur. Dramatic writer, died 1895. Author of ' The Awakening ' (1892) and ' Theory and Practice ' (1893) ; also, co- author with Estelle Burney of ' The County * (1892). Benicia Boy (The). See B. B. Benito. Servant of Aurelian (q.v.), in Dryden's ' Assignation' (5'. v.). "Benito," says Genest, "instead of promoting his master's schemes, is a very Marplot, but with- out designing to be so." Beni-Zoug-Zoug. A banditti chief in W\ Buough's 'Rasselas* (q.v.). Benjamin Bolus; or, The New- castle Apothecary. A " comic tale " by MUNDEN, the comedian (q.v.), performed at the Haymarket for his benefit, August 8, 1797. Benjamin Franklin. John Brougham (q.v.). A play by Benjamin, Park. American poet and miscellaneous writer, born 1809 ; author of ' The Fiscal Agent ' (q.v.). Benmoussaf. A character in Dimond's * iEthiop' (q.v.). Bennet, Philip. Clergyman and poet,, died about 1752 ; author of a farce called 'The Beau's Adventures' (1733). See ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812). Bennett, George John. Actor and dramatic writer, born at Ripon, 1800 ; died" 1879 ; was the son of an actor, and joined the navy in 1813. Leaving it in 1817, he made- his stage d(?but the following year at Lynn, in Norfolk. After some provincial experience, he made his first London appearance at Covent Garden in 1823, as Richard III. ; next year he was engaged at the Lyceum^ and in 1830 he went to Covent Garden, where he played under the management of Charles Kembie, Laporte, and Macready. In 1841 he went with the last named to Drury Lane, where he remained till 1843. From 1844 to 1862. when he retired from the stage, Ben- nett played at Sadler's Wells under Phelps. Among his original parts were Conrad in Logan's ' Der Freischutz,' Tormaynus in 'Brian Boroihme,' Restlereiy in White's 'James VI.,' Eenton in 'John Savile of Hasted,' Douglass in ' Feudal Times,' etc. His other roles included Henry VIII., the BENNETT 146 BENSLEY King in 'All's Well that Ends Well,' Hotsimr, Macduff, Hubert, Caliban, Apemantus, Eno- barbus, Sir Toby Belch, Pistol, Bessus ('A King and No King'), Bosola ('Duchess of Malfi'), Sir John Frugal ('The City Madam ') Master Walter (' The Hunchback '), Sextiis in Payne's 'Brutus,' etc. He was the author of the following plays : ' The Soldier's Orphan ' (1844), ' Retribution ' (1850), and ' Justiza,' which see. See, also, Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832) ; the £ra for July 28, 1879 ; ' Dictionary of National Biography' (1885) ; and Bennett, Julia and Rosa. Bennett, James. Actor, died March, 1885 ; made his first professional appearance in London at the Lyceum Theatre, on March 18, 1859, as lago. Among the parts which he " created " were those of Oliver Cromwell in E. L. Blanchard's ' Aston Hall ' (1854), and Creon in Watts Phillips's 'Theodora' (1866). He was seen at Niblo's Theatre, New York, in April, 1871, as Richard III. In the latter part of his career he was well known, in the English provinces especially, as an impersonator of the leading roles in the "legitimate." Bennett, Joseph.. Musical critic and dramatic writer ; author of the libretti of * Manon ' (1885), ' Thorgrim ' (1890), ' Djami- leh ' (1892), • Jeanie Deans ' (1894). Bennett, Julia. Actress ; daughter of G. J. Bennett (q.v.), and afterward Mrs. Barrow ; was the original of Rose de Belle- coeur in Planche's ' Caught in a Trap,' Rose Lawless in Boucicault's ' School for Schem- ing,' Miss Rocket in his ' Young Hearts and Old Heads,' etc. Among her other parts were Rosalind, Mrs. Oakley in ' The Jealous Wife,' Constance in ' The Love Chase,' Aniie Franklin in 'Presented at Court,' Martha Gibbs in 'All that Glitters,' Madeline in ' Belphegor,' and Camilla in Sullivan's ' Old Love and the New.' She was "leading lady" at Manchester in 1842, and made her first appearance in New York in 1851 as Lady Teazle. Bennett, Mrs. Actress ; made her professional debut in 1883 at the Gaiety Theatre, London, as Violante in ' The Honeymoon,' and Juliet (in the balcony scene). She was afterwards at Sadler's Wells, " on tour," and at the Imperial Theatre, successively ; she was then engaged to play "lead" at the Surrey, where she remained for six years, appearing in popular modern melodrama. At the Strand Theatre in 1890 she represented Aldabella in a performance of ' Fazio ' (q-v.), and at the Criterion in 1887 she played Louise in a representation of ' Frou-Frou ' (q.v.). Her "original" parts include Grace Glynd in ' The Village Forge ' (1890), Joan in ' A Summer's Eve ' (1891), Norah in ' The Ple- beians ' (1891), Victoria Dudley in ' The Gambler' (1891), etc. Bennett, Rosa. Actress ; daughter of G. J. Bennett {q.v.) and sister of Julia Bennett {q.v.); made her London debut at the Hayraarket in October, 1852, as Sophia in ' The Road to Ruin,' and her first appear- ance in America at New York in October, 1854, as Lady Gay Spanker. Her repertory included the heroines of ' Like and Unlike, or the Sisters,' Fan7iy in ' Night and Morn- ing,' Lucy Middleton in ' The State Prisoner,' and Rose in ' Tit for Tat.' Bensley, Robert. Actor; had had, apparently, some experience in the English provinces before, on October 2, 1765, he made his first (recorded) appearance in Lon- don, at Drury Lane Theatre, as Pierre in ' Venice Preserved ' (q.v.). At Drury Lane he remained for two years, migrating in September, 1767, to Covent Garden. There he stayed till 1775, when he returned to Drury Lane for an engagement that ex- tended over four years. In 1779 he was at the Haymarket, and from that date till 1795 he divided his time about equally between that house and Drury Lane. His last pro- fessional appearance was on May 6, 1796. He had " created " the following (among many) r6les .-—Merlin in ' Cymon ' (1767), Mithranes in ' Cyrus ' (1768), Edgar in ' ' Elfrida ' (1772), Selim in ' Edward and Eleonora ' (1775), Harold in ' The Battle of Hastings ' (1778), the Eiyig in ' The Jew of Lombardy ' (1779), Lord Glenmore in ' The Chapter of Accidents ' (1780), Rxieful in 'The Natural Son' (1784), Leonidas in 'The Fate of Sparta ' (1788), and Eustace de St. Pierre in ' The Surrender of Calais ' (1791). Among his most notable "stock" parts were Malvolio, lago, Prospero, and Ghost ini ' Hamlet,' Mosca (in ' The Fox '), and Morose\ (in 'The Silent Woman'). He was also; seen as Banquo, Wolsey, Brutus, lachimo, Jaques, Buckingham ('Richard HI.'). Hubert ('King John'), Manly (' Plair Dealer '), Moody (' Country Girl '), anc Honeywood ('Good-Natured Man'). It is believed that in early life he was a lieu tenant of marines, and that after he retiree from the stage he was made a barrack-master The exact dates of his birth and his deatl have not been ascertained. The GentlemarJ. Magazine places the latter event in 1809 "Bensley," says Boaden, " was a gentlemar and a scholar." "I often met Bensley,^ writes O'Keefe, " and found him an exceed ingly well-informed, sensible man. As ai actor he was most correct to his words, an( understood his author. His walk was th serious and sentimental, and very well i was for any author to get him in a ne^ piece." George Colman writes that " Bens ley, who always maintained an upper ran upon the stage, both intraged5' and comedj was respectable in all the characters h undertook, in spite of a stalk and a stare- a stiffness of manner and a nasal twang c utterance— which prevented his being ver popular in most of them." Charles Lamb eulogy of Bensley is well known : "Of a the actors who flourished in my tim<, Bensley had most of the swell of soul, wa greatest in the delivery of heroic concej tions, the emotions consequent upon tb presentment of a great idea to the fane; BENSON 147 BENYOWSKY le had the true poetical enthusiam— the arest faculty among players. . . . His oice had the dissonance, and at times he inspiring effect, of the trumpet. His ait was uncouth and stiff, but no way em- arrassed by affectation ; and the thorough- red gentleman was uppermost in every lovement." See Boaden's ' Life of Mrs. Inch- aid' and 'Life of Mrs. Jordan,' O'Keefe's Recollections,' Colman's ' Random Records,' lampbell's ' Life of Mrs. Siddons,' ' The larrick Correspondence,' the ' Dramatic 'ensor ' (1800), Gilliland's ' Dramatic lirror ' (1808), ' Records of a Stage Vete- in ' (1836), and the ' Dictionary of National ;iography' (1885), See, also, Iago and lALVOLIO. Benson. Actor and dramatic writer, ied 1796 ; author of ' Britain's Glory' (q.v.) nd 'Love and Money' (q.v.). Having larried a sister of Mrs. Stephen Kemble, ie became connected with both Drury Lane Ind the Haymarket Theatres, and was feteemed a useful actor. Seized by brain ^ver, he committed suicide. His daughter larried Vining. See the 'Thespian Dic- ionary ' (1805) and ' Biographia Dramatica ' L812). Benson. (1) Lucy and /Jo.\ Render in 1798 and by Benjamin Thompson in isoo. Two English plays have been founded on Ivotze- bue's work : (1) « Kamtchatka ; or, The Slaves' Tribute' (q.v.), said to have been written by Charles Kemble (1811), and (2) ' Benyowsky ; or. The Exiles of Kams- chatka,' a musical piece, adapted by James Kenney' (q.v.), and first performed at Drury Lane on March 16, 1826, with Bennett in the title part, WaUack as Stephanof, Harlev as BENZOX 148 BERNARD Tristram Stark (a poet), Miss Foote as Athanasia, etc. In this piece, Benyoicsky and Stejjhanoff a.ve both conspirators against the Governor of Kamschatka, and in love ■with his daughter Athanasia. She is given to Benyoivsky, and Stephanoff in revenge betravs his comrade. In the end, the governor makes common cause with Ben- yoicsky against his sovereign, and joins him and Athanasia in flying from Kamschatka. Benzon, Otto. See Make-Beliefs. Berard, Peter. Translator of 'The Uncle's Will,' a farce (ISOS). Bereng-aria, aueen, figures in Mac- Nally's 'Cu?ur de hion' (q.v.), Hallidav s ' Richard Cceur de Lion ' (q.v.), and Balfe'S ' Talisman' (q.v.). Berenice. Pi-incess of Eg>^pt, in Mrs. Wiseman's ' Antiochus the Great' (q-v.). Berg-mann, Madame. The chief character in W. Collins's 'Red ViarC^.r.). Beppo. A burlesque produced in America by W. F. Florence (q.v.). Beppo. (1) A young goatherd in J. :M. Morton's 'Prince for an Hour' ('^.r.). (2) A character in Byron's 'Young Fra Dia- volo' (q-v.). (3) A herdsman in Audran's •Mascotte' (q.v.). Bering-er, Esme. Actress, daughter of Mrs. O. Beringer (q.v.); made her pro- fessional debut in ISSS as Dick Tipton in Mrs. Burnett's 'Little Lord Fauntleroy' (q.v.). She was also in the London cast of her mother's drama, 'Bess' (1893). Her original roles have included Susan in ' The New Boy' (1S94) ; Lady Helen in 'The Ladies' Idol,' Euphemia Schu-artz in 'The Strange Adventures of Miss Brown,' and Justina Emptaye in 'The Benefit of the Doubt ' (1S95) ; ^Avice Bickcrdyke in ' The Late Mr. Castello,' Cassiopeia in ' A Mother of Three,' Constance in ' Woman's World,' Speranza in ' The Pilgi'im's Progress ' (1S96), and Ethel in 'The Free Pardon' and Kathleen in ' On Leave ' (1S97). She was in the origi- nal cast of ' In Days of Old ' and ' Rupert of Hentzau ' (1899), and " created" the leading female role in ' Captain Kettle ' (1902), ' Man and Himself ' (190.3), ' When a Man Marries ' (1904), and ' The Wheat King ' (1904). She played Romeo at the Prince of Wales's The- atre, London, on the afternoon of May 15, 1S9C, the heroine of Gilbert's 'Pygmalion and Galatea' at the same theatre, June 1, 1S97, and Hermia in * A Midsummer Night's Dream' at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, June 14, 1897. Bering-er, Mrs. Oscar (Aim^e Daniel!) Dramatic writer ; author of ' Tares ' (1888), * The Prince and the Pauper,' an adaptation (1S90), ' Bess ' (1891), ' Snowdrop (1S91), ' The Hollv Ti-ee Inn,' an adaptation (1891), • Salve ' (1S95), ' A Bit of Old Chelsea' (1897), •Jim Belmont ' (1900), and ' Penelope ' (q.v.) ; co-author, with Henry Hamilton, of ' That Girl' (1S90), and with Miss Clo Graves of ' Katherine Kavanagh ' (1S91). Bering-er, Vera. Actress, daughte of Mrs. O. Beringer (q.v.) ; made her pre fessional debut as Jack (a child) in hC' mother's play, 'Tares' (lS8s). She was th original Little Lord Fauntleroy in Mr; Burnett's dramatization of her story (1888 and afterwards "created" the parts of th Prince and Tom Canty in ' The Prince an the Pauper' (1890), Aphrodite in 'ThatGir, (1890), Harry in ' The Holly Tree Inn ' (1891 and Florimonde in ' The Pilgrim's Progres:, (1896). She played Ola f in 'The Pillars • Society ' (q.v.) in 1889, Juliet at the Prince' Wales's Theatre, London, on May 15, 189i Julie in 'Richelieu' at Hollo way in N vember, 1S9G, and Helena in ' A Midsumm Night's Dream ' at the Theatre Roys Glasgow, June 14, 1897. Bering-hen, The Sieur de, • Lytton's 'Richelieu' (q.v.), is one of tj king's attendants, and a conspirator. j Berinthia. A young widow in Vii BRUGII's ' Relapse ' (q.v.). Berkeley, Georg-e Monck. M cellaneous writer, born 1763, died Vii) author of ' Nina,' a comedy (17«7), and * L(! and Nature,' a musical piece (1797). i Berkeley, Sir "William. Goven of Virginia, 1660-1676 ; died 1677 ; aut) of 'The Lost Lady,' a tragi-comedy (q. and, possibly, of 'Cornelia' (q.v.). Berliot, Madame. See Madaji Berliot's Ball. j Bermudas. A "side-walk merchaif in A. Daly's 'Under the Gasligf (q.v.). I Bernard, Charles. Actor, voca]* and theatrical manager ; made his debu % the two first-named capacities in 18461 the Strand Theatre, London, as the cool i 'Love in a Village.' In the following : r he was employed as " second low come " at Sadler's Wells under Phelps, returig afterwards to the Strand, where he v mained for two or three seasons. J't came engagements at Drury Lane ui'r James Anderson and Alfred Bunn ; \i ; Bernard was the Ferrando in the orig il production of 'II Trovatore' ((7.r.), pla.2 many other similar parts in Italian a English opera. He was for three s :t seasons in succession at the Standard h Sims Reeves, and subsequently at D 7 Lane, In 1863 he took a comic opera ( i- panv on tour, and for the next three or ir years travelled through the provinces, s- i867 he was stage-manager at the Prin of Wales's, Liverpool. In 1S73 he bega lo build the Gaiety Theatre, Glasgow, w re for some years he maintained a stock n- panv of unusual excellence, and undei )_k several successful revivals— notably of ' '!is and Galatea' ('/.r.) and 'The Gentle f p- herd ' (q.v.). During the next few yeai ne became lessee also of the Theatre R >1. Newcastle, the Theatre Royal, Carlisle ad BERNARD 149 BERNARD the Prince's. Manchester, besides con- trolling several touring companies. In 1S92 he wad appointed manager of the Palace Theatre, London, but was soon attacked by the illness to which he finally succumbed in 1895. In 1885 he married INIiss Annie Alleyn (q.v.), who died in 1896, He was the author of several dramatic adaptations— ?iotably of a version of ' The Vicar of Wake- field ' called ' Primroses ' iq.v.). Bernard, Charles de. See Maud's Peril and Still Waters Run Deep. Bernard, John. Actor, born at Ports- mouth, 1756 ; died in London, 1828 ; was the son of a naval lieutenant, and made his debut at Chew Magna in 1773 as Jaffier. He afterwards joined the Norwich circuit, and married Mrs. Cooper, a member of the company. In 1786 he became manager at 'Swansea, and in October, 1787, made his first a,ppearance in London at Covent Garden as Archer in ' The Beaux' Stratagem.' In 1791 he left the metropolis for the provinces, and in 1792 his wife died. From 1793 to 1796 (when he married Miss Fisher) he Avas at Covent Garden again, and in 1797 he accepted an American engagement. His debut was made at New York in August, as Goldfinch in ' The Road to Ruin.' Later in the year he went to Philadelphia, where he stayed six years, going thence to Boston in 1803. In 1806 he went into partnership Avith Powers at the Federal Street Theatre, Boston, remaining there till 1810. During- 1810-17 he travelled in the States and Canada. His last appearance was at Boston in April, 1819 [Ireland says 1813]. A contem- porary critic wrote: "Bernard has repre- sented Fribble, Jack Me(jgot, Sir Brilliant Fashion, etc., with success. There is a light neatness in his figure, countenance, and manner that is happily adapted to such parts." He was the author of ' The Poor Sailor ; or. Little Bob and Little Ben,' an operetta (1795), and of a few other pieces, played in the provinces. He was the father of Lionel and William Bayle Bernard, both of which see. His 'Retrospections of the Stage ' were published in 1830 ; further 'Retrospections' appeared in the 'Man- hattan and New York Magazine ' (1884) and Tallis's ' Dramatic Magazine ' (1850-1). See also ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), Dunlop's ' American Stage' (1833), Ireland's 'New York Stage' (1866), and 'Dictionarv of National Bio- graphy ' (1885). Bernard, Lionel. Actor, born at Boston, U.S.A., 1818; died at Columbus, U.S.A., 1862; son of John Bernard (q.v.); made his d^.but at Philadelphia in April, Bernard, Mrs. Charles (n^e Tilden). Actress ; made her debut at New York in 1797, appeared at Washington in 1818, re- turned to New York in 1828, and played at Philadelphia in 1831. She died before 1870. Bernard, Mrs. John (n^e Roberts). Actress; died 1792: first wife of John Bernard (q.v.) ; after her marriage played at Dublin (1780), obtaining popularity as Lucy in 'The Beggar's Opera;' succeeded Mrs. Siddons as "leading lady" at Bath, and made her London debut (with her husband) at Covent Garden in 1787. See the ' Thespian Dictionary ' (1805). Bernard, Mrs. John (nee Fisher). Actress ; second wife of John Bernard (q.v.); died at Boston, U.S.A., in 1805. Bernard, Richard. Clergyman and miscellaneous writer, born 1566-7, died 1641 ; published a complete translation into English of the plays of Terence (1598, 1604, and 1617). Bernard, Victor. See Out of the Hunt. Bernard, William Bayle. Dramatic writer, born at Boston, U.S.A., 1807; died at Brighton, 1875; son of John Bernard, the actor (q.v.) ; was clerk in the army accounts office, London, from 1826 to 1830, and from the last-named year devoted himself to dramatic composition, having already pro- duced (in 1827) a nautical drama, "'The Pilot.' He wrote over a hundred pieces, of which the following are the best known:— ' Casco Bay ' (1827), ''"The Metempsychosis ' (1830), 'The Four Sisters ' (1831), ' The Dumb Belle ' (1832), ' Rip Van Winkle ' (1832), ' The Kentuckian' (1833), 'The Mummy' (1833), ' The Nervous Man ' (1833), ' Lucille ; or. The Story of a Heart ' (1836), ' The Farmer's Story ■ (1836), ' The Middy Ashore ' (1836), ' The Man about ToAvn ' (1836), ' The Yankee Pedlar' (1836), 'St. Mary's Eve' (1837), ' Marie Ducange ' (1837), ' His Last Legs ' (1839), ' The Irish Attorney ' (1839), ' The Boarding School' (1841), 'Blanche de Valmy' (1845), 'The Round of Wrong' (1846), 'The Passing Cloud' (1848), 'The Balance of Comfort' (1854), 'Leon of the Iron Mask ' (1855), ' The Evil Genius ' (1856), ' A Life's Trial ' (1857), ' The Tide of Time ' (1858), ' Faust ; or, The Fate of Marguerite ' (1866), ' The Doge of Venice ' (1867), ' Love's Revenge' (1868), 'The Man of Two Lives' (1869); also, 'The Conquering Game,' 'The Happiest Man Alive,' 'Locomotion,' 'A Maiden's Fame,' 'No Name,' 'The Old Regimentals,' ' Platonic Attachments,' 'A Practical Man,' 'Robespierre,' 'A Splendid Investment,' ' A Storm in a Teacup,' ' The Woman-Hater,' and 'Woman's Faith' (all of which see). He was also co-author, with Westland Marston, of a play called 'Tre- vanion ' (1849). Henry Morley wrote of him in 1858 as "a playwright who does not look to France for his material, and though he wants the Frenchman's art in the construc- tion of a plot, is well furnished with English wit and English earnestness of feeling." He AATote a good deal of theatrical criticism for the newspapers, and, besides editing his father's ' Retrospections,' was the author of a 'Life of Samuel Lover' (1874). See 'Men of the Time' (9th edit.), Fra news- paper for August, 1875, and ' Dictionary of National Biography' (1885). BERNARD-BEERE 150 BESANT Bernard-Beere, Mrs. See Beere, Mrs. Bernard. Bernardo. An officer in 'Hamlet' (q.V.). Bernauer, Ag-nes. See Agnes Ber- NAUER. Berners, Lord (John Bourchier). Translator of Froissart ; died 1532 ; author of 'Ite in Vineam Meam,' a sacred play. See Wood's 'Athense Oxonienses,' Fuller's 'Worthies,' and Walpole's 'Royal and Noble Authors.' Berry. Actor, died January, 1760 ; " was engaged at Drury Lane in 1728-9. For some years he chiefly played singing parts ; in 1734-5 he came into a more regular line of acting. The Dramatic Censor says he was respectable in some parts, but drowsy in others " (Genest). Berry, Mary. One of the famous Misses Berry, the friends of Horace Walpole ; born 1763, died 1852 ; was the author of a comedy called ' Fashionable Friends,' pro- duced at Drury Lane in 1802; also, of a farce, called ' The Martins.' Her ' Journals and Correspondence' (1783-1852) appeared in 1865. Bertha. (1) Daughter of the Duke of Brabant in Beaumont and Fletcher's •Beggar's Bush' (g.v.l (2) Daughter of Caleb Plummer in E. Stirling's ' Cricket on the Hearth' {q.v.). (3) A character in W. S. Gilbert and F. Clay's ' Gentleman in Black' {q.v.). (4) A character in 'The Point of Honour.' Bertha, the Sewingr-Machine Girl. A play by Charles Foster {q.v.\ founded on a novel, and first performed at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in August, 1871. Berthe, the Daug-hter of Boland. A play adapted from ' La Fille de Roland ' of Henri de Bornier, and produced in America in November, 1878, with ^Nliss Mary Anderson as the heroine. "The nobility and purity of this tragic drama," WTites Miss Anderson, " always touched the audience. The period it pictures is chivalric Charlemagne, still on the throne, full of honourable years, and the blood of Oliver, Roland, and their noble companions showing in the valiant deeds of their sons, and the pure and courageous characters of their daughters." Berthold. (1) A character in Matu- RlN's 'Fredolpho' {q.v.). (2) Prince Ber- thold, in Browning's ' Colombe's Birthday ' iq.v.). Bertholde, Marie. The heroine of H. R. Addison's ' Marie ' (^.r.). Bertoldo, Prince. Brother of King Roberto of Sicily, in Massinger's ' Maid of Honour' {q.v.). Bertram ; or. The Castle of St. Aldobrand. A tragedy in five acts, by E. C, Maxurin iq.v.)\ first performed at Drury Lane on May 9, 1816, with Kean in the title part. Pope as St. Aldobrand, Miss Soraerville as Imogine, etc. ; first played a1 New York in September of the same year.; with Mrs. Barnes as the heroine ; performec at Sadler's Wells in 1847, with Phelps in tht title part ; revived at Marylebone Theatre in 1853, with Mrs. Wallack as Imogine " Imogine, loving and loved by an exilec ruffian {Bertram), marries, in his absence Bertram's enemy, St. Aldobrand, in orde to save her sire from ruin. Bertram, th' outcast, is wrecked near the castle of th' wedded pair ; and of course the old lover encounter each other. Imogine forgets he duty to her husband, whom Bertram kills after seducing his wife. . . . Imogine goe mad, and dies ; whereupon' Bertram . . kills himself " (Doran). Bertram. (1) Count of Rousillon i 'All's Well that Ends Well' {q.v.). (2) . conspirator in Byron's 'Marino Faliero. {q.v.). (3) The "fiend-father" in R. Lacy' ' Robert the Devil ' {q.v.), and W. S. Gil BERT'S burlesque so named {q v.). (4 Captain Bertram is a character in Dunlap 'Fraternal Discord' (g.t'.), and a person i named figures (5) in ' The Birthday ' {q.v. (6) Henry and Lucy Bertram are characte in the various versions of Scott'S ' Gt Mannering' {q.v.). (7) There is a Prin Bertram in Dryden's 'Spanish Friar '(g.v and (8) Sir Stephen and Frederick Bertra', are father and son in Cumberland's ' Jei {q-v.). ' Bertrand. A character, respectively, (1) ' The Foundling of the Forest ' and ( 'The Woman of the People' {q.v.). { There is a Dr. Bertrand in Lady Dl FERIN'S ' Finesse ' {q.v.). Bertrand, E. C. English playwrig] born about 1842, died 1887 ; author ' Grandfather's Clock,' ' Blind Justice,' ' Black and White.' Bertrand et Raton. See Minist AND THE Mercer. Bertuccio, Israel. A character Lord Byron's 'Marino Faliero' (g.v.). Bertuccio is the name of the "fool " in T Taylor's ' Fool's Revenge ' {q-v.). Bertulphe. "Provost of Bruges," Sheridan Knowles's play of that na {q-v-). Berynthia. An heiress in Bake ' Hampstead Heath ' {q.v.). Besant, Sir "Walter. Novelist fi miscellaneous writer ; co-author, w i James Rice, of dramatic versions of ' Rea • money Mortiboy ' (1874) and ' Such a G i Man ' (1880\ and, with Walter Her J Pollock, of ' The Charm ' (1884), ' The BaD • Monger' (1887), and some ' Drawing-R(,» Comedies ' published in 1896. His no , ' They were Married,' has been draniatij ■ See, also, Armorel of Lyonesse and i Little Girl. BESEMERES BETSY Besemeres, John. See Daly, John. Bess. A play in three acts, by Mi's. Oscar Beringer (g-v.), produced at the Theatre Roval, Cape Town, December, 1891 ; first performed in England at Peterborough on November 7, 1892, with W. H. Vernon as Joe, Miss Esme Beringer as Nan, and Miss Genevieve Ward as Bess ; in London, at the St. James's Theatre, on the afternoon of June 12, 189.3, with the above players in their original rdles, H. V. Esmond as Phil, Seymour Hicks &s Ambrose, J. D. Beveridge as Dr. }Ve7iham, Miss H. Forsyth as Mrs. Wenham, Miss K. Phillips as Keziah, etc. Bess. Daughter of the beggar of Bethnal Green, in Sheridan Knowles's ' Beggar's Daughter' (q.v.). Bessy is the name of the corresponding character in Dodsley's * Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green ' (^q.v.). Bess, Queen. See Good Queen Bess. Bess, Starlight, figures in J. B. Buck- stone's ' Flowers of the Forest' ((7. r.). Bessie. A "petite drama" by E. H, Brooke {q.v.), produced at the Royalty Theatre, London, on May 1, 1878. Bessie, Elizabeth. Actress ; author of 'The Understudy' (1S92), and co-author, with S. Herberte-Basing, of ' Gringoire ' (1890). Bessus, in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'A King and No King' (?.v.), is "a swagger- ing coward, something between Parolles and Falstaff" (Hazlitt). See Bobadil. Bessy. See Bess. Best, "William. See Bellingham, Henry. Best Bidder (The). A farce in two acts, by M. P. Andrews {q.v.\ first per- formed at Drury Lane on December 11, 1782, with Parsons Sis'Sir Tedious, Palmer as Count Bam, Dodd as Lord Beauhoot, Barrymore as Captain Standard, Baddeley as Snare-'em, Suett as Inkhorn, and Mrs. Wrighten as Mrs. Brocade. Best Intentions (The). A play in one act, by Percy F. IMarshall and Richard Pl'rdon, Opera House, North- ampton, December 11, 1890. Best Man (The). A farce in three acts, by Ralph Lumley (q.v.), first per- formed at Toole's Theatre, London, on March 6, 1894, with J. L. Toole in the title trole (Price Puttlow), INIiss B. Lamb as Mrs. Montaubyn, and other parts by J. Billington (Sir Lovel Gage), G. Shelton, Miss E. John- stone, etc. ; first performed in America at Syracuse, New York State, October, 1894. Best Man Wins (The). A farce by Mark Melford, first performed at the Novelty Theatre, London, January 27, 1890. Best People (The). A comedy in four acts, by Mrs. Fairfax, produced at the Globe Theatre, London, on July 14, 1890. I , Best Way (The). A "petite comedy" I m one act, by Horace Wigan (q.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on September 27, 1S66, with J. Clayton as Erskine Speed, the author as Theodore Tonic, and Miss Lydia Foote as Alice. Bethlehem G-abor. A play by John Burk. Betly. An opera by Donizetti, per- formed with an English libretto at the Gaiety _ Theatre, London, in September, 1870, with Miss F. Lancia, Cummings, and Aynsley Cook in the principal parts. Betrayed. (1) A play by W. G. Wills (g'.?;.), adapted from Sardou's * Pa trie,' and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Edin- burgh, on August 18, 1873, with Miss Sophie Young as Dolores, and other parts by Miss Ellen Meyrick, J. Dewhurst, T. N. Wenman, Carter Edwards, E. D. Lyons, R. Lyons, and F. Harvey. (2) ' Betrayed ; or, The Vicar's Daughter:' a drama in five acts, adapted by R. Mansell from Goldsmith's ' Vicar of Wakefield,' and first performed at the Queen's Theatre, Manchester, on June 28, 1886. Betrayer of his Country (The). A tragedy by Henry Brooke (q.v.), acted at Dublin in 1741 ; revived in 1754 under the title of 'Injured Honour,' and printed in 1778 as ' The Earl of Westmorland.' Betrothal (The). A drama in five acts, by G. H. Boker (q.v.), performed at Phila- delphia in September, 1850 ; at the Broadway Theatre, New York, on November 18, 1850, with Richings, Couldock, F. Conway, Frede- ricks, Davidge, Whiting, Mrs. Abbott, and !Mdme. Ponisi (Constanza) in the cast ; pro- duced at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on September 19, 1853, with G. V. Brooke as Marsio, Miss Anderton as Constanza, and other parts by E. L. Davenport, Belton, Miss Fetherstone, and Mrs. Belton. Betsy. A comedy in three acts, adapted by F. C. BURNAND (q.v.) from the ' B^be' of Hennequin and De Najac (Gymnase, 1877), and first performed at the Criterion Theatre^ London, on August 6, 1879, vnfh Miss Lottie Venne in the title part, W. J. Hill as Alex- ander Birkett, Lytton Sothern as Adolphus Birkett, H. Standing as Redmond McManuSy. G. Giddens as Richard Talbot, A. Maltby as Sam Dawson, Mrs. Stephens as Mrs. Birkett, Miss :M. Rorke as Mrs. McManus, and Miss M. Taylor as Xellie Bassett; revived at the same theatre in October, 1882, with W. J. Hill, L. Sothern, H. Standing, and A. Maltby in their original parts, H. Reeves Smith as Talbot, Miss Eleanor Bufton as Mrs. Birkett, Miss K. Rorke as Mrs. McManus, Miss A. He^vitt as Mdme. Polenta, and Miss Nelly Bromley as Betsy; at the same theatre in August, I888, with Miss Venne, H. Standing, G. Giddens, and A. Maltby in their original parts, W. Blakeley as Alexander Birkett, Aubrey Boucicault as Adolphus, Miss F. Robertson as Mrs. Birkett, Miss E. Terriss as Nellie, Miss F. Frances as Mrs. McManus, and Miss R. Saker as Mdme. Polenta; at the same theatre in August, 1889, with all the players BETSY BAKER 152 BETTERTON just named, save Miss Saker ; at the same theatre in August, 1892, with W. Blakeley and G. Giddens as before, Miss Jenny Rogers as Betsy, D. James, jun., as Dawson, Welton Dale asAdolphus, S. Valentine as McManus, Miss F. Frances as Mrs. McManus, Miss M. Studholme as Nellie, and Miss Ellis Jeffreys as Mdme. Polenta; at the same theatre in December, 1896, -with Miss Annie Hughes as Betsy, Miss C. Addison as Mrs. Birkett, Miss Sybil Carlisle as Mdme. Polenta, A. Bishop as Birkett, sen., Aubrey Boucicault as Birkett, ju7i., J. H. Barnes as McManus, K. Douglas as Talbot, and J. Welch as Dawson ; at Wyndham's Theatre, July, 1902. Betsy Baker ; or, Too Attentive by Half. A farce in one act, by J. Maddi- SON Morton {q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on November 13, 1850, with Mrs. Keeley in the title part, Miss Murray as Mrs. Mouser, Keeley as Marmaduke Mouser, and J. Yining as Crummy; first played at New York in February, 1857, with Burton as Mouser, G. Jordan as Crummy, Miss Weston as Mrs. Mouser, and INIrs. Skerrett as Betsy. Betsy has also been played in America by Mrs. John Drew and Mrs. W. H. Smith. The farce was revived at the Gaiety, London, in March, 1871, with Mrs. Keeley in her original part ; and at Toole's Theatre, London, on July 1, 1882, with Mrs. Keeley, J. L. Toole as Mouser, John Billington as Crummy, and Miss Effie Liston as Mrs. Mouser. Fitted witli lyrics by Sheldon Wilson and with music by Meyer Lutz, it was performed at the Gaiety, London, in December, 1S83, as ' The Laundry Belle ' iq.v.). Another musical setting of the farce, by Lawrence Hanray, was brought out at the Bijon Theatre, Bays water, in February, 1895. Better Ang-el (The); or,TlieIieg:acy of "Wrong-. A dramain two acts, by Wybert Reeve, first performed at the Theatre Royal, South Shields, in February 1868. Better Half (The). A comedietta in one act, by T. J. Williams {q.v.\ adapted from ' Madame Andre ; ' first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on June 26, 1865, with a cast including Parselle, Belford, and Miss E. Johnstone. See Woman of Business. Better Late than Never. (1) A comedy by William Davies (/ he says, " If you would have your husband love, worship, honour, and respect you, never be -without a corkscrew." Bingro. (I) The driver of the hansom, in A. Harris's ' Doing the " Hansom " ' (q.v.). (2) Dr. Bingo is a character in J. S. Coy.ne's ' Queer Subject ' {q.v.), and (3) Paul Bingo, E.A., figures in H. J. Byron's ' Cyril's Suc- cess ' (q.v.)- Binko. A character in Douglas Jer- rold's ' Hazard of the Die' (q.v.). Binks the Bag-man, A farce in one act, by J. Stirling Coyne (q.v.), first per- formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on February 13, 1843, with "Wright in the title part, Pa"ul Bedford as Jack Robinson, and Mrs. F. Matthews as Mrs. Crimmins; first played at New York in May of the same year, with Placide as Binks. Binnacle, Ben. (1) A sailor in C. Z. Barnett's ' Loss of the Royal George' (q.v.). (2) A Ben Binnacle figures also in E. Stir- ling's ' Blue Jackets ' (q.v.). Binns. A character iu Coghlan's ' Lady Flora' (q.v.). Biog-rapliia Dramatica. See Com- panion to the Playhouse. Biondello. Servant to Lucentio in ' The Taming of the Shrew ' (q.v.). Biorn. An opera in five acts, libretto by Frank Marshall, music by Signer Lauro Rossi, first performed at the Queen's The- atre, London, on January 17, 187". Birbanto. Lieutenant to Conrad in W. Brough's ' Conrad and Medora ' (q.v.). Birch., Samuel. Alderman and drama- tist, born 1757, died 1841 ; was the author 01 the following stace pieces :— ' The Mariners (1793), 'The Pa^cket Boat' (1794), 'Th( Adopted Child ' (1795), ' The Smugglers (1796), 'Fast Asleep' (1797), and 'Alber and Adelaide' (1798), besides other pros< and verse. See the ' Biographia Dramatica. Bird, B.obert Montg-omery, M.D American dramatist and miscellaneou writer, born 1803, died 1854 ; author of th^ following tragedies :— ' The Broker of Bo gota,' ' The Gladiator,' and ' Oraloosa.' Bird, Theophilus. An actor in Killi grew's company at Drury Lane in and afte 1663 ; " broke his leg when dancing L BIRD IN A CAGE BIRMINGHAM uckling's 'Aglaura'" (Doran). He is lentioned in the ' Historia Histrionica.' Bird in a Cagre (The). A comedy by AMES Shirley {q.v.), acted at the Phoenix, 1 Drury Lane, and printed in 1633, with an •onical address to William Prynne {q.v.), at lat time a prisoner of state. The title is erived from the central incident— PAi- nzo's success in penetrating, in a large irdcage, into the building where Eugenia, is sweetheart, the Duke of Mantua's aughter, has been confined, by way of eeping her from her suitors. The Duke ardons Philenzo, and the lovers are united, mong the characters is Bonamico, who ssists Philenzo. The comedy was altered iid revived at Covent Garden'in April, 1786. Bird in the Hand "Worth Two in bie Bush (A). A play in three acts, by REDERiCK Phillips (g. v.), first performed ii the Surrey Theatre, London, on January • [), 1857, with Shepherd as Roderick Praise- worthy and H. Widdicomb as Capias t?. jfearAre; first played at New York in May If the same year ; revived at Lina Edwin's Iheatre, New York, in September, 1870 ; l)vived at the Globe Theatre, London, in epteraber, 1878, Avith a cast including J. ernandez, Shiel Barry, and R. C. Carton. jee Test of Truth. JBird of Paradise (The). A farce [iapted by Alfred Thompson (^n.v.) from le French, and first performed at the aiety Theatre, London, on June 26, 1869. Bird of Passag-e (The). A farce, ayed at New York in 1849, with Brougham i Chick. Birds (The). A comedy by Aristo- lANES {q v.), translated into English by iry (1S24), Green (1889), and Rogers (1896). JB Birds of Aristophanes, The. Birds, Beasts, and Fishes. A pan- •mime, produced at the City of London tieatre at Christmas, 1854. Birds in their Little Nests agree. "fanciful conceit" in one act, by C. M. AE (g.r.), first performed at the Haymarket 1 November 13, 1876, with a cast including iss Kathleen Irwin, Miss Ella Dietz, Miss aria Harris (as the three " pretty little cky birds "), and Kyrle (Bellew) and W, ordon(as the two " naughty cats "). The laracters also include a couple of " old rds." Birds of a Peather. A play by ERBERT Hall Winslow, produced in merica (1892), Birds of Aristophanes (The). A dramatic experiment " in one act, " being 1 humble attempt to adapt the said ' birds ' ' tl^is climate, by giving them new names, 3w feathers, new songs, and new tales," by R. Planche (?.v.),lirst performed at the aymarket on April 13, 1846. with J. Bland ' x„-D^^"^ ^f ^^« Birds, Tilbury as " a )et, Bnndal as "an architect," and Miss . Morton as the Nightinjale. " My ambi- tion," writes the author, " was to lay the foundation of an Aristophanic drama, which the greatest minds would not consider it derogatory to contribute to." Birds of Prey ; or, A Duel in the Dark. A drama in three acts, bv T. W. Robertson (q.v.). A play called ' Birds of Prey ' was produced at New York in 1858. 'Birds of Prey' is also the title of an operetta by Cross and Hawkins, performed at Huddersfield in April, 1884. Birds -without Feathers. A musical piece, performed at the Haymarket on October 1, 1824, with a cast including Mdme. Vestris. Birdseye, Adolphus. A character in L. Buckingham's 'Don't Lend your Um- brella' (q.v.). Birkett, Alexander and Adolphus. Father and son in Burnand's ' Betsy ' (q.v.). Birkie, James, of that Ilk. A cha- racter in Murray's ' Cramond Brig ' (q.v.). Birniing:ham(Warwickshire).— The first plays performed in Birmingham were pro- duced in booths located in "The Fields" (afterwards Temple Street). The first per- manent building devoted to the drama is described as "something like a stable," and was located in Castle Street. This was in 1730 or thereabouts. About 1740 " there was a theatre in Moor Street, to which, it ia recorded, visits were paid by companies from London ; this, however, was turned into a Methodist chapel, and was opened as such by John Wesley in 1764. Meanwhile— in 1752— a tolerably large theatre had been erected in King Street, on a site now covered by New Street railway station ; in 1789 this was transferred into a chapel for the Countess of Huntingdon's "connexion." In 1774 a playhouse was built in New Street. This was burned down in 1792, and rebuilt in 1795. Its first manager, Yates, had endeavoured in 1777 to obtain a licence from Parliament, but though supported by Burke he did not succeed, and the structure did not become a patent playhouse or Theatre Royal till 1807. This was during the lesseeship of Macready, father of W. C. Macready, which, begun in 1795, ended in 1813. In 1820 the theatre was again burned down, and rebuilt in the same year. It has had as successive lessees R. W. Elliston, Alfred Bunn, Mercer Henry Simpson, Mercer Hampson Simpson, and Charles Dornton. The present fagade, it may be added, dates from 1780, having survived the fires of 1792 and 1820. The Prince of Wales's Theatre, which dates from 1856, was originally a concert hall. In 1862 it was licensed as "The Royal Music Hall Operetta House," and presented entertain- ments of the "German Reed" sort. In the following year it became a playhouse pure and simple, under its present title, and till 1866 it had for its lessee E. Swan- borough. Late in that year James Rodgers took up the lease, which was afterwards held by his son. Captain Rodgers. The building was entirely reconstructed in 1875-6. Th© bir:\iingham BIRTHPLACE OF PODGERS Grand Theatre (Corporation Street) was opened in 18S3, under the management of Andrew Melville, who was also its pro- prietor, and sold it in 1893 to its present manager, J. W. Turner (g.r). The Queen's Theatre (Snnw Hill) was opened in 1885 as a music-hall, but in the following year was bought bv Andrew Ulelville and reopened (after alterations) as a playhouse. The lease was acquired in 1893 by Clarence Soanes. The Theatre Royal, Aston Cross, was opened in 1S93. For the early theatrical annals of Birmingham, see the ' History and Descrip- tive Sketch ' of the city, published in 1830. For details of more recent years (1862 to 1879). see 'The Birmingham Theatres' by T. Edgar Pemberton (1890). Birming-liam Mr. de, in R. Reece's 'Dora's Device' (q.v.), is in love with and beloved by Bora. Biron. (1) A lord in attendance on the King of Xavarre, and in love with Rosaline (q.v.), in 'Love's Labour's Lost' (q.v.). He may be accepted as the prototype of Bene- dick (q.v.). " In this character," says Walter Pater, " which is never quite in touch with, never quite on a perfect level of understand- ing with, the other persons of the play, we see, perhaps, a reflex of Shakspere himself, when he has just become able to stand aside from and estimate the first period of his poetry." (2) Btro7i, in Southern's ' Isa- bella,' is the husband of the heroine. (3) Eugene de Biron is a character in ' Henri Quatre' (q.v.). Birrel, Andrew. Author of ' Henry and Almeria,' a tragedy (1802). Birtla. A comedy in three acts, by T. W. Robertson (q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal, Bristol, October 5, 1870, with E. A. Sothern as Jack Randall, J. H. Slater as Paul Hewitt, Miss Amy RoseUe as Sarah Heivitt, Miss Louise WiUes as Lady Adeliza, H. Vincent as Earl of Eagleelyffe, and T. A. Palmer as "The Duke." Birth and Breeding". A comedv adapted by Jerome K. Jerome from Sudermann's 'Die Ehre' (qv.), and per- formed (for copyriglit purposes) at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, on September 18, 1890. Birth of Beauty (The) ; or, Harle- quin William the Conqueror. An historical extravaganza by W. M. Akhurst, Sanger's Theatre", London. December 26, 1872, with G. H. Macdermott as William,. Miss Lennox Grey as Silverskin, Miss Akhurst as Allbuttons. Birth of Harlequin (The). A pan- tomime produced at New York in 1792, with Durang as the hero. Birth of Hercules (The). A masque by William Shirley (q.v.), set to music by Dr. Arne, and intended for representation at Covent Garden in 1763. It was printed in 1765. Birth of Merlin (The) ; or, Th( Child has found his Father. A tragi-comedy, printed in 1662, and attributec on the title page to Shakespeare and Row ley (q.v.). In this play, Merlin is repre sented as the offspring of the Devil ani Joan, the sister of a clown ; and he is born not only with a beard and the faculties of i man, but with the gift of prophecy Th Devil seeks to carry off Joan, but Merli. rescues her, and imprisons his father in rock. Allied to this comic business is th story of Constantia and Modesta, the tw daughters of Donobert, who wishes thei to marry two nobles ; they prefer to b(' come nuns. " Rowley himself probabl acted the clown, who is the best character (Genest). Birth of Venus (The). An open; words by J. H. Herbert, music by ll Jakobowski, first performed at the Lyceu- Theatre, Baltimore, U.S.A., February 1 1895. Birtha. Wife of Gog (q.v.) in PocoCK ' Alfred the Great ' (q.v.). Birthday (The). (1) An "entertaii ment of three acts," by Mrs. Penny, found(, on 'The Spectator,' "No. 123, and prints' in a volume of poems (1771). (2) A music- comedy in two acts, founded by O'KeeiJ (q.v.) on a piece by St. Foix, and first pe^ formed at the Haymarket Theatre ' August 12, 1783 (the then Prince of Wale, birthday). (3) A "musical pastoral," fii performed at the Royalty Theatre, Londc in July, 1787. (4) A comedy in three ac altered by T. Dibdin (q.v.) from Kot: hue's ' Fraternal Enmity,' and first P' formed at Covent Garden on April 8, 17' with ^Nlunden as Captain Bertram. Fawci as Jack Junk (liis servant), Waddy Circuit (a lawyer), Mrs. Davenport as M Moral (a housekeeper), and H. Johnstc and Mrs. Pope as the lovers (Henry a Emma). The action takes place on 1 birthday of Capttain Bertram and his broth who have quarrelled over a lawsuit, and the end are reconciled. See rRATER> Discord and Reconciliation. (5) comedy in one act, by George Bancrc (q.v.), first performed at the Court Theai London, December 8, 1894. Birthdays. A comedy-drama in th acts, oy George Roberts, first perforraei the Theatre Royal, Newcastle, on Febru 20, 1SS3. Birth-Nig-ht (The) ; or, Mode . French Reformation. A comic op > in three acts, printed in 1796. Birthplace of Podg-ers (The). ■• "domestic sketch," by John Holli> - HEAD (g.i-.), first performed at the Lycf i Theatre, London, on March 10, 185S, wit] . L. Toole as Tom Cranky and J. G. Shor s Edmund Earlyhird. Among the other ,- sonce are Erasmus and Amelia Maresi ', and Alonzo and Penelope Lexicon. '. s farce was suggested by some investigat s as to the house in which Chatterton die a BIRTHRIGHT 163 BISHOP [olborn— a house then occupied by a work- ig cabinet-maker. Birth.rig:h.t. A drama in four acts, by OHN Douglass (q.v.)-. Theatre Royal, [udderstield, June 1, 1S94 ; Lyric, Hammer- mith, May 31, 1897. Bisarre, in Farquhar's Inconstant' J.V.), is a lively, unconventional lady. See ilZARRE. Biscotin. The innkeeper in 'Madame 'avart ' (q.v.). Biscuit, Ned. A character in 'Sir :oger de Coverley ' (q.v.). Bishop, Alfred. Actor ; appeared at le Royalty Theatre, London, in 1870, as hdey in Reece's ' Whittington, Jun.'(^.t>.), nd at the same theatre in 1871, as Mr. De irmingham in Reece's ' Dora's Device ' (q.v.) ad Prince John in his ' Little Robin Hood ' .v.). His other original rdles include orny Kavanagh in Gilbert's ' On Guard ' ,872), Sarnem in Reece's '"William Tell [old Over Again' (1876), Dr. Barloio in lurnand's ' Our Babes in the Wood ' (1877), \yshe in ' The House of Darnley ' (1877), Sir fhn Maudsley in 'Reclaimed' (1S81), Mr. \mee in ' Lords and Commons ' (1883), Dr. . )elaney in ' Sweet Lavender ' (1888), Earl ' Dorincourt in ' The Real Little Lord auntleroy (1888), Archdeacon Jellicoe in Dick Venables' (1S90), Ferrari in 'The iolin Players' (1890), Sir William Ashton 1 'Eavenswood' (1890). the Karl of JSver- lam in 'An Ideal Husband' (1895), Pro- 'ssor Doxvle in 'The Squire of Dames' .895), Captain Crxtickshank in 'Rosemary' 896), and the Eev. Peregrine Hinde in ' The hysician' (1897). Alfred Bishop has also ijicted in London the following, among any, parts i—AbU Chanzeuil in ' The signing Favourite' (Royalty, 1871), Panta- on in Byron's ' Jack the Giant Killer ' aiety, 1878), Prince Caramel in 'Princess 3to' (Op^ra Comique, 1881), Pownceby in ^lother-in-Law' (Opera Comique, 1881), Sir )lomon Fraser in 'The Overland Route' . faymarket, lSS2),BeauFarintoshm ' School' • ftaymarket, 1883 ), Sir W. Grafton in ' Peril ' Taymarket, 1884), Sir Lucius 0' Trigger 'aymarket, 1884), Mr. Beardcr, M.P. in he ChurchM-arden ' (Olympic, ISSG), Blore 'Dandy Dick' (Toole's, 1887), Buxton 5 iOtt in 'Young Mrs. Winthrop' (Terrv's, J m, Joseph Chandler in ' The Middleman ' [naftesbury, 1890), the Friar in 'jNIuch do about Nothing ' (Lyceum. 1891), Lord Umbei-lain in 'Henry VIII.' (Lyceum, , -3' 192), Gloster in ' King Lear ' (Lyceum*, 1892), \rkett, sen., in ' Betsy ' (Criterion, 1896). 1 ^ ^ishop, Anna (nde Riviere). Vocalist ' rt actress; second wife of Sir Henry shop (q.v.) ; made her London debut in ly, 1839 ; sang in New York, in 1847, as nda di Chamouni. Bishop, Kate. Actress ; was seen at e thanng Cross Theatre, London, in 186S ■ifn A^ -Sf'J-Zoit) in a revival of Bvron's 100.000. One of her earliest original - W parts was that of Alice in 'Love's Doctor' at tlie Royalty in 1870. Amongst other roles of which she was the first "representative may be named the following : — At the Court Theatre : Fdith Temple in ' Randall's Thumb' (1871), PijMte in 'Creatures of Impulse' (1871), and Jessie Blake in 'On Guarct' (1871). At the Strand Theatre: Fllen in 'The Lady of the Lane' (1872), Jonathan Wild in ' The Idle Prentice ' (1872), and 3[ary Sfoss in 'Old Soldiers' (1873). At the Vaudeville: Don Caesar de Bazan in ' Ruy Bias Righted' (1874), Violet Melrose in ' Our Boys ' (1875), Mabel Clench in ' The Girls' (1879), Ada, Rivers in ' Castles in the Air ' (1879), Maud Cameron in ' Ourselves ' (1880), Margaret Seveme in ' Cobwebs ' (1880), Alice in 'Jacks and Gills' (1880). Carrie in 'The Guv'nor' (1880), Mrs. Popplejohn in ' Divorce' (1881), Mary Graham in ' Tom Pinch ' (1881), and Alice Merton in ' Punch • (1881). At the Globe Theatre :. Blanche Ingram in ' Jane Eyre ' (1882). At the Vaudeville : Pose Mump'leford in ' Con- fusion ' (1883). Miss Bishop has also been seen in London as Eliza in ' Paul Pry ' (St. James's, 1870), Ida in ' Two Roses ' (Vaude- ville and Lyceum. 1879), Mrs. F. Young- husband in 'Married Life' (Vaudeville, 1880), Mrs. Barkings in 'Woodcock's Little Game' (Gaiety, 1880), Zaida Dalrymple in ' Imprudence ' (Folly, 1881), and DoraThorn- haugh in ' Home ' (St. James's, 1881). Bishop, Samuel. Head-master of Merchant Taylors' School, born 1731, died. 1795 ; author of ' The Fairy Benison,' an interlude (1796), and part-author, with Woodward, of ' The Seasons ' (q.v.). Bishop, Sir Henry Rowley. Musical composer, born in London, 1786, died 1855 ; began to write for the stage in 1804, when he furnished the score for a dramatic piece called ' Angelina,' performed at Margate. In 1810 he was appointed composer and director of the music at Covent Garden Theatre, a post which he held for eight consecutive years. In 1825 he received a similar appointment at Drury Lane under Elliston, in 1830 became musical director at Vauxhall, and in 1840-1 held the same position at Covent Garden under Madame Vestris. The following is a list of the dramatic pieces (in addition to 'Angelina') for which he provided the original music :— ' Caractacus ' (1806), 'Love in a Tub' (1806), 'The Mysterious Bride' (ISOS), ' The Circassian Bride ' (1809), ' Mora's Love ' (1809), ' The Vintagers ' (1809), ' The Maniac' (1810), ' The Knight of Snow- don' (1811), 'The Virgin of the Sun' (1812), ' The .'Ethiop' (1812), ' The Renegade' (1812). ' Haroun Alraschid ' (1813), ' The Brazen Bust' (1813), 'Harry le Roy' (1813), 'The Miller and nis Men ' (1813), ' For England, Ho ! ' (1813), ' The Wandering Boys ' (1814), ' Sadak and Kalasrade ' (1814), ' the Grand Allianre ' (1814), ' Doctor Sangrado ' (1814), ' The Forest of Bondy ' (1814), ' The Noble Outlaw' (1815), 'Telemachus' (1815), 'The Magpie or the Maid ' (1815\ ' John du Bart' (1815), 'Who wants a Wif e ? ' (1816), BISHOP 164 BLA.CK BATMAN OF THE NORTH •The Humorous Lieutenant' (1817), 'The Duke of Savoy ' (1S17), ' The Father and his Children' (1817), 'The Illustrious Traveller' (1818), 'December and May ' (1818). 'Fortu- natus' (1819), 'The Heart of Midlothian' (1819), ' A Roland for an Oliver ' (1S19), • Swedish Patriotism ' (1819), ' The Gnome King' (1819), 'The Antiquary' (1S20), ' The Battle of Bothwell Brig' (1820), 'Henry Quatre' (1820), 'Don John' (1821), 'Mon- trose' (1822), The Law of Java' (1822), ♦Maid Marian' (1822), 'Clari' (1823), 'The Beacon of Liberty' (1823), 'Cortez' (1823), Native Land' (1824), 'Charles II.' (1824), •The Fall of Algiers ' (1825), 'Edward the Black Prince' (1825), 'The Coronation of Charles X.' (1S25), 'Aladdin' (1826), 'The Knights of the Cross ' (1826), ' The English- man in India' (1826), 'Under the Oak' (1830), 'Adelaide' (1830), 'The Tyrolese Peasant ' (1832), ' Home, Sweet Home ' (1832), ' The Magic Fan ' (1832), ' The Sedan Chair ' (1832), 'The Battle of Champagne' (1832), 'The Romance of a Day' (1832), «Yelva' (1833), 'The Rencontre' (1833), 'Rural Felicity ' (1834), ' The Doom Kiss ' (1836), ' Manfred' (1836), and ' The Fortunate Isles ' <1841). Bishop further wrote original music for revivals of the following Shakespeare plavs:-- -'A Midsummer Night's Dream' <18i6), 'The Comedy of Errors' (1819), •Twelfth Night' (1820), and 'The Two Gentlemen of Verona' (1821). He con- tributed original music to ' The Farmer's Wife ' (1814), ' The Maid of the Mill ' (1814), -Brother and Sister ' (1815), ' Comus ' (1815), •Guy Mannering- (1816), 'The Heir of Verona' (1817), and *Zuma' (1818), and .adapted to the English stage Boieldieu's •John of Paris' (1814). ' Don Giovanni' (as 'The Libertine') (1817), 'The Barber of Seville' (1818), 'The Marriage of Figaro' (1819), and Rossini's 'Hofer' (1830). See ' Imperial Dictionary of Biography ' (1865), 'Dictionary of Music and Musicians' (1879). Bishop, T. Vocalist ; sang at Niblo's Gardens in 1837 ; afterwards an Olympic favourite, and a member of the Seguin opera troupe (1852). Bish.op (The). A farcical comedy in three acts, by Wilford F. Field, Totten- ham, October 25, 1894. Bishop of the Fleet (The). A ro- ^mantic drama, in a prologue and three acts, by C. A. Clarke and F. Mouillot ; Lon- desborough Theatre, Scarborough, Decem- ber 26, 1889. Bismuth. A character in ' The Philo- sopher's Stone' (q.v.). Bispham, David. Actor and vocahst, born in Philadelphia; after studying in Italy, sanq- at concerts in London. His stage debut took place at the Savoy Theatre, London, in 'The Ferry Girl' (q.v.), and he vas afterwards in the original casts of 'Juan; or. The Brigand of Bluegoria' (1890) and 'The Basoche' (Due de Longue- ville) (1891). 3isson, Alexandre. See Family Circle, The; Great Unpaid; Lai Killer, The; Lixtle Tippet; Setili OUT OF Court. Bit of Scandal (A). A play by Heni Guy Carletox {q.v.), first performed Washington, U.S.A., in April, 1893. Biter (The). A comedy by Nichol RowE (g.t'.),tirst performed at Lincoln's I Fields on December 4, 1704, with Bettert as Sir Timothy Tallapoy, Pack as Pm. Verbruggen as Clerimont, Booth as Friend Mrs. Barry as Mra. Clfver, Mrs. Bracegin as Mariana, Mrs. Mountfort as Angeli ]Slrs. Leigh as Lady Stale, and Leigh as So ble-scrabble. Sir 'Timothy has engaged daughter Angelica to Pinch, but discov him to be a "biter," and repudiates h handing over Angelica to Friendly. Cli mont and Mariana are husband and w Lady Stale is in love with Friendly. Scrib ■ scrabble is a city solicitor, and 2'rick a ; • vant. "The Biters," says Genest, "were ; unlike the Humbuggers, and a fair sub s for ridicule." Bitter Fruit. A drama in three a., by A. W. DUBOURG iq.v.), first performer t the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on > tober 6, 1S73, with Miss Bateman as j s, Graham, Miss Pauncefort as a Sister Sii- rior, E. H. Brooke as Upton Travers, and.'. Herbert as Staff-Surgeon Sholto. Bitter Love (A). See Wife axd St j. Bitter Reckoning- (The) ; or i Rover from Many Lands. A dran n three acts, by C. H. Hazlf.wood, first r- formed at tlie Britannia Theatre, Lon a, on June 19, 1871. Bitter-Sweets : a Story of le Footlig-hts. A drama by Alfred Pa y, first performed at tlie Theatre Royal, ' n- bridge, in August, 1878. Bitter "Wrong- (A) : a Wife in I ?• land no "Wife in France. A don ac drama, in five acts and seven tableau by George Lander and John Dougis; Standard Theatre, London, April 14, li . Bitterbliss, Mr. and Mrs., i H. WiGAN's 'Charming Woman' (7. u.). Bitters, Nancy. A domestic se mt in R. B. Brough's ' Crinoline' (q.v.). Bizarre. A page in Bland 'd's ' CindereUa ' (1878). Black and "White. A play by W he Collins (q.v.)a.nd Charles Fechterw.), first performed at the Adelphi Tl: fcre, London, on March 29, 1869, with C. F iter as Maurice de Layrac, :Miss Ca itta Leclercq as Emily Milburn, IMrs. sigli Murray as Ruth, A. Stirling as S 'hen Westcraft, E. Atkins as David Mich ia^, G. Belmore as Plato. Black Ang-us. A melodram; -pro- duced at New York in 1833. Black Batman of the Nort/ 1 A play ascribed to Henry Chettle.of whithe BLACK BEARD 165 BLACK DOMINO first part was acted by the Lord Admiral's servants in 1598. In the second part, played later in the year, Chettle was assisted by Robert Wilson. Black Beard; or, The Captive Princess. A melodrama in two acts, by J. C. Cross, first performed in 1798 at the Royal Circus, London, with Grossman as Black Beard, Mdlle. de la Croix as Orra (his wife), and D'Egville as Ccesar (" his faith- ful black"), played by Blanchard at the Coburg. Genest, recording its production at Bath in 1816, describes it as " a spectacle with songs, compiled by Cross from the history of the buccaneers in America. In one of the scenes, the whole stage was made to represent the deck of a man-of-war." The piece was produced at New York in 1833. (2) A play by Lemuel Sawyer, per- formed in America. (3) ' Harlequin Black- beard ; or. Old Dame Trot and her Comical Cat : ' a j)antomime at the City of London Theatre, Christmas, 1863. Black Book (The). A drama by J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.'), adapted from ' Les Memoires du Diable ' (Vaudeville, Paris, 1856), and first performed at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on February 2, 1857, with C. J. Mathews as Wolf, Miss M. Oliver as Mina, and Honey, Tilbury, Miss Cleve- land, and Mrs. Selby in other parts ; first played at New York in March of the same year, with G. Jordan as Wolf and Mrs. Grattan as Dame Asi^en. Black Business (A). A "mellow- drama" by Arthur Matthison, performed at the Theatre Royal, Hudderstield, on August 19, 1878. Black but Comely. A drama in three acts, by Stephanie Forrester, "partly adapted" from Whyte Melville's novel of that name, and first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on the afternoon of September 16, 1882, with a cast including the authoress. Black Castle. See Amherst, G. A. Black Cat (The). (I) An " Oriental burlesque," words by C. M. Rodney, music by C. E. Howells, first performed at Walsall, July 31, 1893 ; Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, August 14, 1894. (2) A play in three acts, by John Todhunter (g.v.), per- formed at tlie Opera Comique Theatre, London, under the auspices of the Indepen- dent Theatre Society, on the evening of December 8,1893, with a cast including Miss HaU Caine, Miss Mary Keegan, Miss Gladys Homfrey, Miss Dora Barton, Alfred Buck- law, Orlando Barnett, and Neville Doone. The "black cat" — a fascinating divorcee — diverts to herself the affections of a young married painter, whose wife thereupon destroys herself. Black Crook (The). (1) A fairy opera, founded on the story of ' La Biche au Bois,' written by Charles M. Barras, composed by T. BaUer, and produced at Niblo's Garden, New York, September 12, 1866. It ran until January 4, 1868, having received 475 representations ; was revived on December 12, 1870, and withdrawn on April 8, 1871, after 122 performances ; was again revived on December 18, 1871, and withdrawn on February 24, 1872, having been played 57 times ; was revived once more on August 18 1873, and withdrawn on December 6, 1873, after 120 performances ; played also from April 3, 1882 to July 1, and from March 29, 1886, to May 24. (2) A fairy opera, the libretto founded by J. and H. Paulton on 'La Biche au Bois,' the music by F. Clay and G. Jacobi ; first performed at the Alhambra on December 23, 1872, with Mdlle. Compile d'Anka in the title part, Miss Julia Seaman as the Princes'^ Aika, Miss Kate Santley as Gabrielle, H. Paulton as Dandelion, E. Cotte, and others ; played at the Amphitheatre, Liverpool, in IMay, 1875, with Miss L. Moodie as Aika, W Elton as Dandelion ; revived (re-arranged and re- written) at the Alhambra Theatre, London, on December 3, 18S1, with Miss Constance Losebyin the chief part, and other characters by Miss Lizzie Coote, Miss Julia Seaman, Miss Kate Sullivan, Harry Paulton, Henry Walsham, W. Hargreaves, and L. Kelleher. Black Diamonds; or, The Ligrhts and Shadows of Pit Life. A drama in five acts, by Louis S. Denbigh and R. Fenton Mackay, produced (for copyright purposes) at Southend on September 3, 1890 ; performed at the Surrey Theatre on July 11. 1892. Black Doctor (The). The title given to various adaptations of ' Le Docteur Noir ' of MM. Anicet-Bourgeois and Dumanoir. (1) At the City of London Theatre, pro- duced on November 9, 1846 ; (2) by I. Y. Bridgeman (g.v.), first performed at the Victoria Theatre, London, on November 13, 1846, with W. Searle as Andre, Miss Vincent as Pauline, and Mrs. R. Barnett as the Countess Aur el ia; (3) at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in November, 1856, under the title of 'Fabian' (q.v.). The " black doctor" is Fabian, a Creole, and the scene is laid in the Island of Bourbon and Paris. A version was played at New York in April, 1847, and revived there in 1853. Fabian was in the repertory of G. V. Brooke. Black Dog- of Newg-ate (The). A play in two parts, by Richard Hathwaye, John Day, W. Smith, and a fourth author unknoAvn ; performed in 1602. Black Domino (The). The title of several pieces, adapted from 'Le Domino Noir,' an opera comique in three acts, written by Scribe, composed by Auber, and first performed in December, 1837 : — (1) A musical burletta in one act, by C. J.Mathews iq.v.), first performed at the Olympic The- atre, Londrn, on January IS, 1838, with the author as Julio, ]Mdme. Vestris as Camilla, and Mrs. Macnamara as Dorothea. (2) ' The Black Domino ; or. The Masked Ball : ' a comic drama in three acts, by T. Egerton W'lLKS {q.v.), first performed at Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, on February 6, 1838, with Miss Vincent in the title part. BLACK DWARF 166 BLACK SPIRITS AND WHITE (3) ' The Black Domino ; or, A Night's Adventure :' an opera in three acts, music by Auber, words by B. Webster (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket on June 10, 1846, with Brindal as Lord Pumice- stone, J. Bland as Gil Podrida, Mdme. A. Thillon as Juanita, Miss P. Horton as Paquita, and other parts by H. Holl and Mrs. L. S. Buckingham ; played at New York in .Tuly, 184S, and in 1852, with Mdme. Thillon in her original part. (4) A comic opera in three'acts, music by Auber, libretto by H. F. Chorley (fi'om Scribe), first per- formed at Covent Garden on February 20, 1861, with Miss Louisa Pyne as Angela, H. Haigh as Horace, H. Corri as Gil Perez, jMiss Lefiier as Jacintha, Miss Thirlwall as Brigitta, etc. See Queen's Ball.— 'The Black Domino,' a play by Robert Bucha- nan {q.v.) and G. R. SiMS iq.v.^, was pro- duced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 1, 1893, with a cast including C. Glenny, W. L. Abinadon, Arthur Williams, Miss Clara Jecks, Mi.ss Bessie Hatton, Miss Evelyn Millard, and Mrs. Patrick Campbell. Black Dwarf (The). A p^ay, adapted by John Coleman and Charles Calvert from Paul Feval's ' Le Bossu,' and first performed at Leeds. See Wizard, The. Black Eag-le (The). See Almar, G. Black Flag- (The) ; or, Escaped from Portland. A drama in four acts, by Henry PrrrTiTT, first performed at the Grecian Theatre, London, on August 9, 1879 ; revived at the Olympic Theatre, Lon- don, on March 17, 1892. Black God of Love (The). See Graves, Joseph. Black Hand (The). See Fitzball, E. Black Hawks (The). A drama in four acts, produced originally in America, and first performed in England at the Queen's Theatre, Birmingham, on June 25, 1894, with Colonel Joe Bruce as Arizona Joe. Black Hearts; or, The King- of Darkness. A drama in three acts, by E. Towers, performed at the New East London Theatre on May 30, 1868. Black Hug-h, the Outlaw. A domestic drama in two acts, by W. Rogers, first performed at the Surrey Theatre, Lon- don, with a cast including Stuart (as the hero), Dibdin Pitt, Vale, Almar, Mrs. Vale, and Mrs. Wilkinson ; played at New York in 1836. Black Hussar (The). An opera, adapted by Sydney' Rosenfeld from ' Der Feldprediger ' of Carl INIillocker, and per- formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in May, 1885, with Mark Smith as the field- preacher, and other parts by Mdme. Cot- trelly, jNIarie Jansen, Lily Port, De Wolf Hopper, and Digby Bell. Black Joune. A play mentioned by Henslowe as being in the repertory of the Rose Theatre. Black Knig-ht (The) figures in the various adaptations and burlesques o) 'Ivanhoe' ('/.«.). Black Man (The). An interlude ^ attributed to Cox, the comedian, anc' printed in 1659. Black or Golden. See Palmer, T. A Black Phantom. See Will Watch. Black Prince (The). (1) A traged by Roger, Earl of Orrery {q.v.), first pei formed at the Theatre Royal on Octobe 19, 1667, with Kynaston in the title pari Mohun as Edivard III., Wintershall as Kin John of France, Bift-t as Count Guesclii Hart as Lord Delaunre, Mrs. Marshall a Plantagcnet, Mrs. Knapp as Sevina, an Nell Gwynne as Alizia. "Love," saj Gene-st, "is the whole business of this pla It can hardly be called a tragedy. . , . Tl play has little to do with history, and ths little is incorrect." (2) An opera-boufle ': three acts, words by H. B. Farnie {q.v. music by Lecocq, produced at the S James's Theatre, London, on October 2 1874, with a cast including Misses Selh' Dolaro, Nelly Bromley, Emily Duncan, ai B. Hollingshead, J. L. Hall, J. Rouse, etc Black Reefer (The). A play produC' at New York in 1847. Black Rover (The). See Isidora. Black Schooner (The). A play p: duced at Noav York in 1839. Black Sheep. (1) A comedy in thi, acts, by J. Stirling Coyne {q.v.), fi: performed at the Haymarket on AprU . 1861, with Buckstone as Mr. Bunny philanthropist), Compton as Tom Short Mrs. Charles Young (Mrs. H. Vezin) , Mhel Maynard, and other parts by Ho'i Rogers, Braid, Mrs. Wilkins, and Ml Poynter "The plottings of the 'bl; sheep,' the dishonest lawyer and hypocritical philanthropist, are the cec of action in the piece" (Henry Morl(, (2) A drama in three acts, founded '■, ICdmund Yates's novel of that name, I J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.) and Edmi; Yates {q.v.), and first performed at > Olympic Theatre, London, on April 25, l: , with C. J. Mathews as Steivart Routh, IN . C. J. ;Mathews as Harriet Routh, and ot-f characters by Addison, Ashley, H. Wi|', J. Clarke, G. Vincent, and Mrs. Caulfi<,; performed at the Crystal Palace with r Charles Young as Routh. (3) A "pa:?- mime pastoral," written by Andre Rai .• LOVicH, composed by Cotsford Dick, V t Theatre, Albert Hall, London, April ', 1894. (4) A burlesque written and cii- posed by Frederick Solomon {q.v.), it performed at Brooklyn, U.S.A. — 'A B k Sheep : ' a play in three acts, by C I- Hoyt ; Buffalo, U.S.A., September, 1 ; Hoyt's Theatre, New York, January 6, ] '>. Black Spirits and "White. A ,y by T. Dibdin {q.v.), produced at Sad 's Wells in 1826. "Black spirits and w " BLACK SQUIRE 167 BLACKEY'D SUSAN red spirits and gray" is the first line of the charm used in the incantation scene in Middleton's 'Witch' (q.v.). Black Squire (The). A comic opera in three acts, written by H. P. Stephens (q.v.), composed byFlorian Pascal ; Theatre Royal, Torquay, November 5, 1896. Black Statue (The). A pantomime performed at the Britannia Theatre, Lon- don, in December, 1874. Black Thorn (The). A play produced at Third Avenue Theatre, ^ew York, on May 16, 1887, with J. J. Sullivan in the chief part. Black Vulture (The); or, The Wheel of Death. A drama produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, with " O." Smith in the title part, Yates as Octolar, and Buckstone, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and others in the cast. Black "Wedding- (The). A play entered at Stationers' Hall in November, 1653. Blackacre, The "Widow, in Wycii- ERLY's 'Plain Dealer' (q.v.), has been described by Macaulay as "beyond question" the author's best comic character. "She is," he says, "the Countess in Racine's ' Plaideurs,"' talking the jargon of English, instead of French, chicane. Blackamoor washed "White (The). A musical piece in two acts, by Henry Bate, first performed at Drury Lane on February 1, 1776, with a cast including Mrs. Siddons, King, and Parsons {Sir Oliver Odd- Jish).—^ The Blackamoor's Head' was first performed at Drury Lane on May 16, 1818, with Dowton and IJarley in the cast. Blackberries. A musical comedy- drama, by Maiuv Melford (q.v.), first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theah'e, Liverpool, on June 14, 1886, with W. Edouin, Miss Alice Atherton, and the author in the cast ; first performed in London at the Comedy Theatre on July 31, 1886. Blackberry, Farmer and Betty. Characters in O'Keefe's ' Farmer ' (q.v.). Blackbirding". A drama by C. H. Hazlewood (q.v.), Britannia Theatre, Lon- don, September S, 1873. Black-Eyed Sukey. See Blackey'd Susan. Blackey'd Susan; or, "All in the Downs." (1) A drama in three acts, by Douglas Jerrold (q.v.), suggested by the well-known ballad by John Gay, and first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on June 8, 1829, with T. P. Cooke as William, Forrester as Captain Crosstrec, Yardley as Hatchett, Dibdin Pitt as Doggrass, Rogers as Jacob Twig, Buckstone as Gnatbrain, Wilhamson as Blue Peter, Asbury as Sea- tceed, Lee as Quid, Dowsing as Yarn, Webb as Ploughshare, Miss Scott as Stisan, and Mrs. Vale as Lolly Mayjloiver [the piece " ran" for nearly a year] ; at Sadler's Wells in August of the same year, with Campbell as William and Mrs. Wilkinson as Susan; at New York in September, 1829, with Placide as Gnatbrain, Mercer as William, and Mrs. Hilson as Susan ; at the City The- atre, London, in June, 1831, with Cooke and Buckstone in their original parts ; at Covent Garden (for the first time in two acts) with Cooke in his original part and Miss Taylor (Mrs. W. Lacy) as Susan ; at New York in 1842, with Marble as William ; at Dublin in 1846, with Miss C. Cushman as William; at New York in 1854, with E. L. Davenport as William, Leffingwell as the Admiral, Davidge as Gnatbrain, Mdme. Ponisi as Susan, and Miss J. Gougenhein 'as Dolly ; at Covent Garden in February, 1S56, with Prof. Anderson as Williamami Miss Harriett Gordon as Susan; at the Adelphi in July, 1857 ; at the Surrey in May, 1659, with J. Ryder as William and Mrs. Honner as Susan ; at Bradford in 1863, with Mrs. Nunn as JVilliam; at Sadler's Wells in 1866, with T. Swinbourne as William ; at Brighton in 1867, with F. C. Burnand as Crosstrce and Miss Ranoe as William ; at the Holborn in 1871, with G. Rignold as William and INIiss Jane Rignold as Susan ; at the Duke's The- atre in December, 1878, with Clarence Holt as William and Miss Ada Murray as Susan; at the Adelplii in December, 1896, with W. Terriss as William, Miss Millward as Susan, J. D. Beveridge as Doggrass, C. Fulton as Captain Crosstree, Oscar Adye as Hatchett, H. Nicholls as Gnatbrain, and Miss Vane Featherston as Dolly Mayflower. Captain Crosstree attempts to carry off Susan, and William, to save his wife, strikes the Captain, who is his superior officer. He is brought before a court-martial and condemned to die ; but Crosstree acknowledges his fault, and produces a discharge, which shows that William, when he struck the Captain, was no longer in the king's service. William is then acquitted. Doggrass is the uncle of Susan ; Gnatbrain is in love with Dolly ; Jacob Twig is a bailiff. ' Black-Ey'd Susan ' was adapted by W. G. Wills under the title of ' William and Susan' (q.v.).— The story of Black-Eyed Susan was made the foundation of (3) a pantomime called 'Harlequin Black-Eyed Sue,' written by Frank Talfourd (q.v.), and produced at the Strand Theatre, London, in December. 1855. — Jerrold's play was bur- lesqued by F. C. Burnand in (3) the piece entitled ' The Latest Edition of Black-Eyed Susan ; or. The Little Bill that was taken up. ' This was first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on November 29, 1866, with F. Dewar as Captain Crosstree, Miss Rosina Ranoe as William, C. Wyndham as Hatchett, Miss M. Oliver as Susan, Miss N. Bromley as Dolly Mayfloiver, and E. Danvers as Dame Hatley. The " run" concluded on September 23, 1868. The piece was revived at the same theatre on March 3, 1870, and at the Marylebone Theatre in 1871, with Dewar and INIiss Oliver in their original parts. It was played in New York in 1869, with Mark Smith as Crosstree, and in 1870 with Stuart Robson as Crosstree and Lina BLACKFRIARS 16S BLAKE Edwin as Susan. The play was further travestied (4) by Fox Cooper (q.v.) in a piece called 'Black-Eyed Sukey,' and (5) 1)V Horace Lennard in ' Too-Lovely-Black- Ey'd Susan ' {q.v.). See All IN THE Downs and Blue-Eyed Susan. Blackfriars, Th.e Theatre in. See London Theatres. Blackleg- (Tlie). A drama in five acts, by Butler Stanhope, produced at Birken- head in October, 1SS6. Blackmail. (1) A drama in four acts, by Watts Phillips, first performed at the Grecian Theatre, London, on October 16, 1880. (2) A play in four acts, by Dr. G. H. E. Dabiss (q.v.), produced at Shanklin, Isle (pf Wiu'lit, in September, 1SS7. (3) A play in three acts, by H. J. Stanley, Adelphi Theatre, Liverpool, April 27, 1896.—' The Blackmailers,' a drama in four acts, by John gray (q.v.) and Andre Raffalovitch iq.v.), was performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on the afternoon of June 7, 1894, with W. L. Abingdon and C. Thursby in the title parts. Blackman. An attorney in Mrs. INCH- BALD's ' Next-Door Neighbour' (q.v.). Blackness, The Masque of, by Ben JoNSON (q-r.), was '■ persuimted at the Court at Whitehall, on the Twelfth-Night, 1605-6." It was performed, " with unusual magnifi- cence," at the cost ot £3000, the Queen (Anne) herself taking part in it. A version, from an original manuscript, revised and authenticated by the poet, was printed for the Shakespeare Society in 1849. Blacksmith (The). (1) A musical farce in one act, by W. Collier (q.v.), first per- formed at the Victoria Theatre, London, in January, 1S34, with Miss P. Horton as ^fiss Primrose. The name of the blacksmith is MacRivet, and among the characters are Ladti Pedigree and Scamper (a servant). (2) An Irish drama by Fred Maeder, Her Majesty's Theatre, Carlisle, January 30, 1892. Blacksmith of Antwerp (The). A farce by O'Keefe, first performed at Covent Garden on February 7, 17S5, with Farren as Quintin Matsys (the hero), We-nitzer as Va7i JJimderman, Mrs. Inchbald as Adela, and other characters by Edwin and Quick; re- vivedi " with songs and alterations," at Drury Lane in October, 1816, and at New York in 1851. Matsys, after several years' absence, returns to Antwerp just as his sweetheart, Adcla, is about to be man-ied to Vail Dunderman. After some complica- tions, the blackmith, now a painter, espouses Adela. See Art and Artifice. Blacksmith's Daug-hter (The). A play of the Elizabethan period, referred to by Stephen Gosson, in his ' Plays Confuted' (q.v.), as deaUng with "the treachery of the Turks, the honourable bounty of a noble mind, and the shining of vh-tue in distress." Blackstone, Mr. Cogrnovit. A lawyor in Williams's and Harris's ' Cruel to be Kind.' Blade Bone (The). An interlude, per- formed at the Haymarket Theatre in 1778. Bladen, Martin. Some time comp- troller of the Mint, and afterwards a lord- commissioner of trade ; died 1746 ; author of ' Solon,' a tragi-comedy, in which is included ' Orpheus and Eurydice,' a masque, per- formed in 1705. See the ' Biographia Dramatica.' Blades. See De Walden, Blag-ue, Mrs. A procuress in T. Hey- WOOD'S 'King Edward IV.' (q.v.). (2) Alcibiades Blague is the "chevalier d'in-; dustrie " in Jerrold'S ' Gertrude's Cherries ' (q.v.). Blaise. (1) Servant to Dame Gertrude ia H. Harris's 'Forest of Bondy.' (2) A character in D.^NCE'S 'Thy Lord is not my Lord' (5. r.). Blaisot. (1) A farm-boy in C. Selbt'S 'Poor Nobleman' (q.v.). (2) There is a' Blaisot, also, in Arnold's ' Maid and the Magpie' (q.v.). Blaize. Servant to Bonassus in J. B. Buckstone's ' Victorine' (q.v.). Blake, Anne. See Anne Blake. Blake, Charles. Author of 'An' Historical Account of the Providence Stage'" (1S6S). Blake, Miss, vocalist, after appearing with success at Bath and Bristol, made hei London debut at the Haymarket Theatre in September, 1821, as Captain Macheath ir ' The Beggar's Opera ' (q.v.). Blake, Mrs. "W. R. [Caroline Placide] Actress, born 1793 ; died at Longbranch May 21, 1881 ; appeared at the Park Theatre New York, in 1807, in a " ballet-ijanto mime ; ' in 1814 she began an engagemen at the Anthony Street Theatre. Her firs marriage was with an actor, named Waring by whom she had a daughter Mho becanH' successively Mrs. W. Sefton and Mrs. J. W' Wallack, jun. She married W. R. Blab* (q.v.) in 1826. In 1830, and onwards, she wa leading lady at the Park Theatre, Ncv York, where, in 1S31, she made a grea, success as Clorinda in 'Cinderella.' L' 1862 she was at the Winter Garden Theatre where she was the original of Joan i' 'Geraldine' and of Marita in 'Ros Gregorio.' "As a general actress," it ha' been said, "Mrs. Blake has had fe^ superiors, being almost equally at home i tragedy, comedy, opera, or farce." Blake, Thomas G. Author of 'Th Cattle Stealers,' ' Life as it is,' ' The Lonel Wave of the Ocean, ' Our Old House a Home,' ' A Spanking Legacy,' etc. Blake, "William Rufus. Actor, bor in Nova Scotia ; died at Boston. U.S.A April 22, 1863 ; made his New York debt on July 12, 1824, at the Chatham Garde BLAKELEY BLANCHAED Theatre as Frederick Bramble in ' The Poor Gentleman.' In August, 1826, he married Mrs. Waring (Miss Placide). He was mana- ger successively of the Tremont Theatre, Boston, 1827 ; of Walnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, 1829, and, with H. E. Willard, of Olympic Theatre, New York, 1837. In 1839 he went to England, and appeared at the Haymarket. In the same year he liecame stage-manager of the Walnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, and in 1848 he ac- cepted the like position at the Broadway Theatre, New York. He was afterwards a member of the stock companies at Burton's, Wallack's, and Laura Keene's Theatres. His last appearance in New York was on , April 16, 1863, as Geoffrey Dale in ' The ' Last Man ; ' his last appearance on the stage was on April 21, 1863, at the Boston Theatre as Sir Peter Teazle. According to T- A. Brown he was the first actor ever called before the curtain in America— an incident which happened at Boston, Mass., in 1827. "In certain characters," says J. N. Ireland, "he surpassed all who had attempted them. His Jesse Rural, Geoffrey Dale, Hardcastle, old Dornton, Admiral Kingston, Sir Peter Teazle, Sir Willoughhy Worrelt, Sir Anthony Absolute, Governor Heartall, etc., were examples of perfection. ... In the line of 'old men' we doubt if he has ever been excelled on the New York boards " (' New York Stage,' 1866). William Winter speaks of "the richly humorous Blake, so noble in his dignity, so firm and fine and easy in his method, so copious in his natural humour" ('Shadows of the Stage '). Blakeley, "William. Actor; was in the original casts of Boucioault's ' How she Loves Him' (Sir Abel Ilotsjnir) in 1867, Robertson's 'Play ' (Bodmin Potter) in 1868, and Yates" Tame Cats' (Mr. Ttveedie) in the latter year. He also appeared at the Prince of Wales's as Jbhn Chodd, sen., in a re- vival of ' Society ' (1868). At the Olympic, ■ in 1870, he played Tanks in a revival of 'Mary Warner.' In the same year he was the original Sampson Brass in Halliday's 'Neir (q.v.), and in 1871 created the part of Simeon Cole in Byron's ' Daisy Farm ' (q-v.). His long connection witli the Crite- rion Theatre appears to date from January, 1881, when he figured in the original cast of ' Brave Hearts ' (q.v.). After that he created at this theatre the following rdles:— Jere- miah Deeds in 'Flats' (1881), Talbot in 'Foggerty's Fairy' (1881), Brummies in 'Fourteen Days' (1882), Colonel Lindsay in ' Cupid in Camp ' (1882), Ferdinand Pet- tigrew in ' Featherbrain ' (1884), Barnabas Goodeve in 'The Candidate' (1885), Peter Mullins in 'The Man with Three Wives' (1886), Benjamin Boulter in ' IMy Bonny Boy ' (1886), the General in 'The Headless Man' (1889), Benjamin Bush in ' Papa's Honcy- j moon ' (1890), Mr. Samjjson Paley in ' Sow- .. ing and Pteaning ' (1890), Cranberry Buck , I in 'Welcome,* Little Stranger' (1890), Mon- tresor Smith in 'Husband and Wife' (1891), Blijah Quarm in ' Shylock and Co.' (1891), and Mr. Poynder in ' The Fringe of Society' (1892). He was also seen at the Criterion between 1881 and 1894, as Vanderpump in 'Brighton' (1881 and 1884), Babblebrook in 'A Lesson of Love' (1885), Ephraim Smooth in ' Wild Oats ' (1886 and 1891), Smith in 'David Garrick' (1886), Babington Jones in 'May and December' (1887), 3[r. Furnival in ' Two Roses ' (1887), Andrew Wylie in ' The Bachelor of Arts ' (1888), Mr. Birkett in 'Betsy' (1888), Potter in 'Still Waters Run Deep' (1889), Mr. Tinkle in 'Who killed Cock Robin?' (1889), Hard- castle in ' She Stoops to Conquer ' (1890), Sir Partridge in 'Truth' (1890), Meddle in 'Lon- don Assurance' (1890), Ironside in 'Nine Points of the Law ' (1891), Crabtree in ' The School for Scandal' (1891), Sir Christopher Hatton in ' The Critic ' (1892), Uncle Bopaddy in ' Haste to the Wedding' (' The Wedding March ') (1892), M'Lud in ' Hot Water ' (1894). His more recent original parts include George Gleniield in 'The Urong Girl' (1894), Smog- gins in ' An Artist's Model ' (1895), Duckivorth Crabbe in ' The Chili Widow '(1895), Commo- dore Van Gutt in ' The New Baby ' (1896), and Mr. Pilkington in ' Solomon's Twins ' (1897). Blakely, Thomas H. Actor ; became, as a boy (1882), a member of the company of the Park Theatre, New York. In 1829, when again at the Park, "his enactments of old men began," says Ireland, " to at- tract attention. In the second grade of that line of business— a class of plain blunt sensible every-day old men, not too senti- mentally serious nor too broadly humorous —such as Sulky in 'The Road to Ruin,' Porcelain in 'Family Jars,' Humphrey Dob- bin in 'The Poor Gentleman,' Rowley in 'The School for Scandal,' etc., he surpassed aU whom we have seen attempt it. He res tired from the profession about 1840 " (' New York Stage,' 1866). Blanch.. (1) Niece of King John in Shakespe.xres play. (2) The Avaiting- woman in Coljian's 'Iron Chest' (q.v.). Blanch, John. Author of three unacted comedies : ' The Beau Merchant ' (1714), 'Swords into Anchors' (1725), and 'Hoops into Spinning Wheels ' (1725). Blanchard, Edward Leman. Dra- matic and miscellaneous AVTiter, theatrical historian and critic ; born December, 1820 ; the younger son of William Blanchard,. the actor (q.v.). After the death of his father in 1835 he entered upon a literary career, and it is believed that between the last-named year and 1840 he produced as many as thirty dramatic pieces, irre- spective of pantomimes (under the nom- de-gueiTe of ' Francisco Frost '). Between 1840 and 1844 he was engaged as house- dramatist at the Olympic Theatre, where he produced, among many plays of various kinds, those entitled ' Angels and Lucifers, ' The Artful Dodge,' ' Babes in the Wood,' 'Game and Game,' 'Jack Nokes and Tom Styles,' ' Pork Chops,' and ' The Road of Life,' all of which see. Among his other works for the stage may be named lii:3 BLANCHARD 170 BLANCHE • Arcadia ' (1S41), a burlesque of ' Antigone' (1845), 'Faith, Hope, and Charity' (1S45), 'The Cricket on our Own Hearth' (1846), 'A Wife for an Hour' (1847), 'Adam Buff' (1850), 'Taking tlie Census' (1851), 'The Three Perils of Man' (1852), 'The Man in the Moon' (1871), 'Nobody in London' (1873), ' The Bunch of Berries ' (1875), and, •with Cunningham Bridgman, the libretto of ' Carina ' (1888). It is, however, mainly as a writer of pantomime or Christmas ex- travaganza that Blanchard will tigure in dramatic annals. His adult work in this department began in 1844, with the produc- tion of 'Jack and the Beanstalk' at the Victoria. In 1846 came 'King Alfred the Great' at the Olvmpic ; in the same year, * Watt ; or. The Birth of the Steam-Engine ' at the Victoria ; in 1S4S ' William the Con- queror' at the Olympic, 'Lord Lovel' at the Surrey, and ' The Land of Light ' at the Victoria ; in 1852 ' Harlequin Hudibras ' at Drury Lane, ' Harlequin and the World of Flowers ' at the Surrey, and ' Undine, the Spirit of AVater ' at the Marylebone ; in 1853 ' King Humming-top ' at Drury Lane ; in 1854 ' Jack and Jill ' at Drury Lane ; in 1855 ♦Hey Diddle Diddle' at Drury Lane; in 1856 'The Fisherman and the Genie' at Sadler's Wells ; in 1857 'Little Jack Horner' at Drury Lane; in 1859 at Sadler's Wells ' The Golden Goose ; ' in 1863 ' Friar Bacon and John of Gaunt ' at Astley's ; in 1S64 ' Hop o' my Thumb ' at Drury Lane ; and so forth. Blanchard continued to write the annual pantomime for Drury Lane (some- times as "the Brothers Grinn") up to and including 1SS3. In September, 1SS9, he died. He had produced, in addition to ordinary theatrical pieces, " entertain- ments" such as 'The Carpet Bag' (1852) for W. S. Woodin and ' The Seven Ages of Woman' (1855) for Miss Emma Stanley. From an early age he had written on the- atrical matters for various newspapers and other publications, including the JEra (from 1850) and the London Daily Telegraph (from 1863). He was also a copious contributor to the 'Era Almanack' (from 186S). His •Diary' (from 1844 to ISSS), edited by Clement Scott and Cecil Howard, appeared in 1891. He edited Willoughby's edition of Shakespeare (1850), as well as several weekly and monthly miscellanies ; and he was the author of numerous guide-books. See ' Dra- matists of the Present Day ' (1871) and the £ra for September 7, 1SS9. Blanchard, Thoraas, was, says Ge- nest, " a very good actor in a certain line — nothing could be better than his Rundy in ' The Farmer '—but he ruined himself en- tirely by drinking " (' English Stage '). His connection with Covent Garden terminated in 1794. In 1796 he appeared at the Circus in ' The Village Doctor.' Blanchard, 'Williani. Actor, born at York, January 2, 1769 ; died at Chelsea, May 8, 1835 ; after some practice as a com- positor, joined a troupe of travelling actors at Buxton, Derbyshire, in 1785, and, under the name of Bentley, made his first pro- fessional appearance as Allan-d-Dale in McNally's 'Robin Hood' (g.v.). He con- tinued to " stroll " till 1789, figuring in such parts as Romeo, Hastings, Lot ha no, Achmet, Young Xorval, etc. He afterwards went into management at Penrith, Hexham, Barnard Castle, and Bishop Auckland, with no success, eventually joining the Norwich circuit and making a speciahty of such comic parts as Lord Trinket, Flutter, etc. His London cUhut was made at Covent Garden in October, 1800, as Bob Acres and as Oracle in ' The Turnpike Gate.' At Covent Garden he remained for thirty-four years, if we except 1832, which he spent in America (having made his debut at the Bowery, New York, on December 26, 1831, as Sir Abel Handy). Oxberry (' Dramatic Biography ') praises especially Blanchard's Polonius, Fluellen, Pistol, Aguecheelc, Elbow, and Sir Hugh Evans, and his Mungo in ' The Padlock ; ' adding— " We consider him, as a general performer of all the different species denominated old men (i.e. Lori Ogleby, Loiley, Colonel Oldboy, Wiiiterton, etc.) superior to any one of the present day. [1826], and, in their own prescriptive lines of old men, very little below Fawcett and Dowton, and infinitely above Farrenin every- thing huts';/- Peter Teazle and Lord Ogleby.'- Drinkwater Meadows, in a sketch appended to the ' Life and Reminiscences of E. L. Blanchard (1891), says of William Blanchard, that "as an actor he was unrivalled in his- particular cast. He had the great talent or giving importance to very ti'ifling charac ters." " He was a mannerist," says Doran "always walking the stage with his right arm bent, as if he held it in a sling." Leigl Hunt praises especially his Russett in 'Thi Jealous Wife' and his Grand-Chateau \\ ' The Cabinet ' (q.v.). He "retired from th' stage in 1835 without a leave-taking, anc died very soon after."— His first wife i' described as "a sprightly actress and ai elegant speaker," especially successful a the "leading ladies" of comedy. Hi daughter, E. Blanchard (Mrs. Hamilton) aj peared at Covent Garden, the Haymarkel and other theatres -notably, in 1824, a Lady Toivnley. See Genest's ' Englis ' Stage,' 'The Thespian Dictionary,' 'Th' Annual Register ' for 1835, and Leigh Hunt ' Performers of the London Theatres ' (1807^ also, Blanchard, Edward Leman. Blanchard's Amphitheatre. S( New York Theatres. Blanche. (1) A character inBR0UGHA5i 'Duke's Motto' (g.tJ.), and in Byron's bu lesque of that drama— ' The Motto' (q.v (2) Blanche of Devon figures in the vario dramatizations and burlesques of ' The Lad of the Lake' {q-v.). (3) Lady Blanche, Sheridan Knowles's 'Old Maids' (?.r. is in love with Colonel Blount. (4) The is a Lady Blanche in W. S. Gilber:^ •Princess' {q.v.) ^nd 'Princess Ida' {q>v and (5) a Princess Blanche figures in ' Lov. Telegraph' {q.v.). Blanche. A comedy in three acts, BLANCHE BLAND Arthur Sketchley, first performed at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on March 14, 1S70. Blanche, Ada. Actress, daughter of Miss Cicely Nott (Mrs. Sam Adams) ; made her cUbut,' as a child, in 'Little Goody Two Shoes ' at the Adelphi (1876) ; played Polly Flamboroiiah in ' Olivia ' on tour in 1878 ; figured as Dandini in ' Cinderella ' at Drury Lane in 1S7S-9 ; was in the cast of ' The Vicar of Wakefield' {Dick) and 'As You Like it ' {Hymen) at the Imperial in 1879- 80 ; and in i880-81 represented the Princess in ' Mother Goose ' at Drury Lane. In 1887 she played Ernest in 'Miss Esmeralda' at the Gaiety, and in 1891 Joan of Arc (q.v.) at the Opera Comique. She has appeared in the provinces as the heroine of plays by Boucicault, in comic opera, in farcical comedy, in burlesque, and in pantomime ; in the last-named she has figiired of recent years at Drury Lane. In 1896 she " created " the title part of 'The Telephone Girl' (q.v.). Blanche and Perrinette. See Hazle- WOOD, C. H. Blanche de Maletroit. A play in one act, founded by A. E. W. Mason on a story by R. L. Stevenson ; Ladbroke Hall, London, June 30, 1894. Blanche de Nevers. An opera in four acts, libretto (founded on ' The Duke's Motto,' q.v.) by John Brougham (q.v.), music by M. W. Balfe, produced at Covent Garden Theatre on November 21, 1863, with Miss Louisa Pyne as Blanche, W. Harrison as Lagardire, Miss Emma Heywood as the Princesse de Gonzagncs, Miss Anna Hiles as Zillah, and other parts by H. Corri, Aynsley Cook, C. Lyall, etc. Blanche Farreau. A drama by W. Calvert, adapted from Charles Gibbon's novel ' For the King ; ' New Theatre Royal, Liverpool, October 5, 1890. Blanche Heriot ; or, The Chertsey Curfew. A domestic and historical drama in two acts, by Albert Smith (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on September 26, 1842, with Mrs. R. Honner as the heroine and N. T. Hicks as Hugh Laneret; first played at New Yoi-k in December of the same year. According to a local legend, followed "in the play, Blanche ^yas an "heroic girl who, in order to gain time for her lover's pardon to arrive, and so save his head from ' rolling on the Abbey mead,' clung to the clapper of the enormous beU ia the belfry tower, and thereby attained her object." Blanche of Brandy-wine. An American "patriotic spectacle," first per- formed at Laura Keene's Theatre, New York, on April 22, 1858, with Miss Sarah Stevens in the title part, Wheatleigh as "the lonely man of the vallev," Jett'erson as Seth Uope, F. Bangs as Gilbert Gates, etc. Blanche of Chillon. Howard. See Paul, Blanche of Jersey. A musical romance in two acts, written by R. B. Peake (q.v.) and composed by John Barnett ; first per- formed at the English Opera House, London, on August 9, 1837, with a cast including Brindal, Diddear, Miss Romer (as the heroine), and others. Blanche of Navarre. A play by G. P. R. James, produced at the Bowery The- atre, New York, in September, 1839, with Mrs. Shaw as the heroine. It was pub- lished in L'ondon in the same year. Blanchette. A character in 'The Violet' (q.v.). Bland, .Charles. Vocalist; son of Maria Theresa Bland (q.v.); appeared at Covent Garden in April, 1826, as Oberon in Weber's opera. In 1831 he was singing at Manchester, in 1831-2 at the Olympic, and in 1833-4 at Astley's. Bland, Dr., in H. Wigan's 'Friends and Foes' (g.?;.), 'corresponds to the Dr. Tholosan of ' Nos Intimes.' Bland, James. Actor ; son of Maria Theresa Bland (q.v.); born 1798, died July 17, 1861 ; appeared at the English Opera House (Lyceum), London, in 1826 in Winter's 'Oracle' (q.v.), and afterwards was engaged at Drury Lane. In 1831 he made, at the Olympic and in Planch^'s ' Olympic Devils '.(^.r.), his first appearance in extravaganza. He subsequently created the following (among many) parts in Planche's lighter pieces ; — Green Horn the Great in 'Riquet with the Tuft' (1836), Pumpkin the Prodigioiis in ' Puss in Boots ' (1837), Baron Abomelique in 'Blue Beard' (1837), Thomas Noddy of Ko-Land in 'The Sleeping Beauty' (1840), Sir Aldgate Pump in 'Beauty and the Beast' (1841), King jEetes in ' The Golden Fleece ' (1845), and the Infante Furibond in 'The Invisible Prince' (1846). Other original rdlfs of his include Spiegelberg in Oxenford's ' Dice of Death' (1835), the Marquis Vincenza in G. A. X Becket's 'Man-Fred' (1848), the Lion in Coyne and Talfourd's 'Leo the Terrible ' (1852), Creon in Lemon's 'Medea' (1856), Wayland Smith in Halliday's ' Kenil- worth' (1S58), and Sir John Bingleg in Craven's ' Postboy ' (1860). His last appear- ance was as Tivitterly Fluttersome in T. J. Williams's 'Peace and Quiet' (Strand The- atre, 1S61). "James Bland," says Planch(?, " established his reputation as the monarch of extravaganza, in which dominion he so long exercised sovereign sway and master- dom, and has never been surpassed by the successors to his throne. His training in subordinate characters under the best actors of the regular drama imparted to his tone and manner an earnestness which, while it gave point to the epigram, trebled the absurdity of the language in which it was conveyed. He made no effort to be ' funny,' but so judiciously exaggerated the expres- sion of passion indicated by the mock-heroic language he had to deliver, that Avhile it became irresistibly comic it never degeue- BLAND BLEAK HOUSE rated to mere buffoonery, but was acknow- ledged by the most fastidious critic to be * admirable fooling ' " (' Recollections,' 1S72). Bland, Jolin. Author of ' The Song of Solomon,' a drama (1750). Bland, Maria Theresa [nee Eoman- zini]. Vocalist and actress, born 1769, died 1S3S ; received her first engagement as a singer when only a child of four ; later she figured at the Eoyai; Circus (afterwards the Surrev Theatre) in panto mjme ; thence she went "to the Dublin Theatre, returning to London in 17S6 to begin (on October 24) a connection with Drury Lane Theatre which lasted nearly forty years. Her first part there was that of Antonio in Gretry's ' Richard Cceur de Lion ' {q.v.). In the same vear she sang at Sadler's Wells ; in 17S9 she was at Liverpool ; and in 1791 she appeared at the Haymarket, opening as Woicski in ' Inkle and" Yarico ' (^.r.). Among her most popular parts were those of Miss Xotahle in * The Ladv's Last Stake,' Nina in ' The Prisoner,' 'Mary Ann in ' The School for Guardians,' Madelon in 'The Surrender of Calais,' and Sally in ' The Shipwreck.' In 1790 she was married to Bland, a brother of Mrs. Jordan {q.v.) and an actor. In 1824 she began to give indications of mental weakness ; a "benefit" was tendered to her in that vear at Drury Lane, and from that date till" her death she lived in retirement. Robson ('The Old Playgoer') says that " Mrs. Bland's was one of those flowing voices which have always been my dehght. Nothing could exceed its combined ease, power, and sweetness. . . . Mrs. Bland was, in short, the best female singer of simple, pure melodies we have had since I became acciuainted with the stage" (1S46). "She was strictly a singer," says Genest, "but liad considerable merit as an actress " (' English Stage '). Edward StirHng says she was "very much liked at Drury Lane under EUiston's management. Her ballads were always an attraction in the bills. She frequently" sang between the play and the farce. Old English music and clear utter- ance of words, without the redundance of modern ornament -too frequently spoiling melody " (' Old Drury Lane '). Bland, Miss. See Jordan, Mrs. Blande, Edith. Actress ; has played in London the following original parts :— Lillas in 'Carmen; or. Sold for a Song' (1S79), Proserpine in ' Venus ' (1S79), Princess Parasol in 'BaUoonacy' (1S79), Claudine in English version of 'La Fille du Tambour Major ' (ISSO), Rose in ' Claude Duval" (ISsl), 3[rs. Wallalv in ' Quite an Adventure ' (ISSl), and Ahdalldh in ' The Forty Thieves ' (Drury Lane, 1SS6). She has also been seen in London as Harry Halyard in 'Poll and My Partner Joe ' (Globe, 187S), and as Gloriana Loverino in ' My Artful Valet ' (1S96). Blandford. (1) Belinda Blandford, in A. MURPHYS ' All in the Wrong' (g.r.),is in love with Beverley (q.v.). (2) Sir Philip and Miss Blandford are characters in Morton's 'Speed the Plough ' {q.v.). Blandish.. (1) The name of two parasites, brother and sister, in Blrgoyne's ' Heiress' {q.v.). (2) Beau Blandish is the hero of A. C. Calmour's ' Widow Winsome' {q.v.). Blang-i, Sarah. The heroine of M. Barnett's 'Sarah the Creole' {q.v.). Blarney. (1) A drama by ArousTB Creamer, produced at the Theatre Royal, Newcastle-under-Lyme, on March 1, 1875. (2) A farce by J. D. LOGUE, performed at , Norwich on March 12, 1875, Blarney, Lady. A character in ver- sions of ' The Vicar of Wakefield' {q.v.). Blarney, The Groves of. See Groves ' OF Blarney. I Bias, Gil. See Boy of SANTiLLANEand , Gil Blas. , Bias. Buy. See EuY Blas and Rm- BL.4.S RIGHTED. Blasenbalgr, Berthold. A mining' agent in T. Taylor and A. W. DUBOURGS' ' New Men and Old Acres ' {q. v.). i Blaze. King of Diamonds in Planche'S- ' YeUow Dwarf ' {q. v.). Blazer, General. A character in J. E. Carpenters ' Law and Honour.' Blazes. A bailiff in J. M. MORTON': ' Chaos has come Again ' {q.v.). Blazing- Burgee (The). A burlesque by T. G. Bowles. Blazing- Comet (The), The Mac" Lovers, or The Beauties of the Poets. A play by Samuel Johnson {q.v.) acted at the Haymarket, and printed ii 1732. It has been described as " a farragi of madness, absurdity, and bombast, inter mingled with some strokes of genius anc imagination." Blazing- World (The). An unfinishe< , comedy, by the Duchess of Newcastl:_ {q.v.), printed with her other works (1668). ', Blazon, Lady. A character in Lema' Rede^s ' Rake"s Progress ' {q.v.). (2) Lad Bab Blazon is one of the personce in J. I Planche"s ' Who's your Friend ? ' Bleak House. A novel by Charle Dickens {q.v.), of which there have bee several dramatizations : — (1) ' Bleak House a drama by John Brougham {q.v.), fir.- performed at AVallack's Theatre, New Yorl on October 13, 1S53, with the author i Sir Leicester Dedlock, Miss Laura Keer as Lady Dedlock, and Mrs. Brougham { Hortense. (2) ' Lady Dedlock's Secret {q.v.), bv J. Palgrave Simpson (1874). (.* 'Jo' {q'.v.), by J. P. Burnett (1S75). (' 'Bleak House :' a drama by George La, DER, produced at the Pavihon Theatre, Lo don, in March, 1S76. (5) ' Bleak House ; c Poor Jo:' a play by Eliza Thorne, pr duced at the Alexandra, Sheffield, in Apr BLECHINGTON HOUSE 173 BLIND LADY 876. (6) 'Poor Jo' (q.v.), by H. Daven- port (1878). (7) 'Jo the Waif (g.v.), 1876) ; (8) ' Move On ; or, The Crossing Sweeper' (q.v.), by J. Mortimer (1883), if terwards known as ' Jo, the Outcast ' (q.v.), md (9) ' Bleak House,' by Oswald Brand, ];rand Theatre, Islington, June, 1903. Bleching-ton House ; or, The Sur- render. An historical drama in three acts, oy H. T. Craven (q v.), first performed at ;;he City of London Theatre, April 20, 1846, ivith a cast including the author. Bleeding- Nun of Lindenburgr The). See Raymond and Agnes. Blenkinsop. A comic man-servant in roM Taylor's 'Unequal Match' (q.v.). Blifil, in Buchanan's ' Sophia ' (q.v.), is i, hypocritical suitor of the heroine and the enemy of Tom Jones. Bligrhted Bachelors (The). An ex- travaganza by Nelson Lee, first performed it the Theatre Roval, Liverpool, on March 29, 1875. (2) 'Blighted Bachelors:' a "farcical comedy and burlesque," by Llewellyn Willl4MS, Corn Exchange Theatre, Derby, August 29, 1881. Blighted Being- (A). A farce by Tom Taylor (g.w.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on October 16, 1854, with F. Robson as Job Wort, Danvers as Thaddeiis O'Rafferty, and Miss E. Turner as Susan Spanker; first played at New York in the same year. Blighted Flower (The). See Linda m Chamouni. Blind Bargain (The); or, Hear him Out. A comedy by Frederick Reynolds (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on October 24, 1804, with Fawcett as Sir Andreiv Analyse, Blanchard as Dr. Pliable, Mrs, Davenport as Miss Gurnet, Emery as Giles Woodbine, and other parts by Mrs. Gibbs, Kemble, Farley, and others ; (first played at Nov York in 1805. BlindBeggar of Alexandria(The). A comedy by George Chapman (q.v.), "most pleasantly discoursing his various jhumours in disguised shapes, full of con- ceit and pleasure," produced on February [12, 1595-6, and published in 1598, without division into acts or scenes. It was " sundry .times publicly acted in London" by the Lord High Admiral's servants. I Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green [The), "with the Merry Humour of Tom (Stroud, the Norfolk Yeoman." A comedy by John Day and Henry Chettle (q.v.), '• divers times publicly acted by the Prince's servants" in 1600, and printed in 1659. In this piece the writers do not follow the well-known ballad. A second and a third ['"part" of 'The Blind Beggar,' carrying ' on the story of Tom Stroud, were written ©y John Day and W. Houghton in 1601 (see Fleay). (2) A ballad farce by Robert Dodsley (q.v.), music by Dr. Arne, first performed at Drury Lane ou April 3, 1741, with Berry as the Beggar and Mrs. Clive as Bes.sy, his daughter. The Beggar wishes his daughter to marry Sir William MorUy • but her heart has been given to Welford, who has rescued her from seduction, and the Beggar and Sir William acquiesce in her choice. The former reveals himself as Sir Simon Montford, and presents his daughter and her lover with £5000, which he has saved from the WTeck of his fortune. Among the characters is J oh n Sly, a Puritan. (3) A play in two acts, by H. M. Milner (q.v.). See Beggar of Bethnal Green. Blind Beggars (The). See Deux Aveugles. Blind Boy (The). (1) A play, adapted by W. DUNLAP (q.v.) from Kotzebue's ' Epi- gram,' and produced at New York on March 30, 1803, with Hodgkinson as ilajor Syden- ham, Jefferson as Carlos, Mrs. Hodgkinson as Isabella, Mrs. Hallam as Frederica, and Mrs. Johnson as Theodore. (2) A melodrama in two acts, adapted by James Kenney (q.v.) from ' L'lUustre Aveugle,' first performed at Covent Garden on December 1, 1807, with Mrs. C. Kemble in the title part (Edmund^), Fawcett as Oberto, Listen as J/oimo (" a silly fellow"), Brunton as Rodolph, Murray as Stanislaus (King of Sarmatia), Farley as Kalig, and Miss Norton as Elvina ; first played at New York in December, 1808, with Twaits as Kalig and Mrs. Twaits as Elvina ; revived at Drury Lane on June 20, 1826, with Miss Kelly as Edmund, Dowton as Oberto, \la.r\ey as Molino, Bennett as Kalig, and Miss Smithson as Elvina. See Charles Lamb's sonnet on Miss Kelly's performance as the blind boy — " What praise is thine, O mistress of the passions, artist fine ! Who dost our souls against our sense command, Plucking the horror from a sightless face. Lending to blank deformity a grace." Blind eat many a Ply (The). A play by THOMAS Heywood (q.v.), performed in 1602. Blind Girl (The); or, A Receipt for Beauty. A comic opera in three acts, written by Thomas Morton (q.v.), com- posed by Reeve and Mazzinghi, and first performed at Covent Garden on April sZ, 1301, with Mrs. H. Johnston in the title part (Clara Bonito), Fawcett as Sjyla.sh, John- stone as Sligo, and other parts by Munden, Incledon, and Mrs. Mattocks. Blind Girl's Fortune (The). See Second Love and Two Orphans. Blind ^Hearts. A drama in four acts, by Charles Collins, Theatre Royal, Bir- mingham, December 17, 1877. Blind Justice. A drama, in a prologue and three acts, by E. C. Bertrand, Theatre Royal, Wolverhampton, September 23, 1886. Blind Lady (The). A tragi-comedy by Sir Robert Howard (q.v.), printed in 1660. The plot is taken from Heylin's ' Cosmography,' lib. 2. " The Blind Lady is an amorous old woman, who is inclined to have a seventh husband" (Genest). BLIND LOVE 174 BLOOM Blind Love. A play by Charles Klein, produced at the Academy of Music, lUiffalo, U.S.A., March 21, 1895. See Roberts, George. Blind Man's Buff. A piece per- formed at the Olympic Theatre, New York, in December, 1843, -with Walcot as Canova, Nickinson as Dunderhead, etc. Blind Marriage (A). A play in four acts, by F. Francis, first performed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on August 20, 1896, with a cast including Miss Kate Rorke, Miss Eva Moore, Miss C. Addison, Herbert Standing, Herbert Waring, C. Ful- ton, and H. V. Esmond ; afterwards per- formed in the English provinces, with H. Standing in his original part. Blind Sister (The), A drama in four acts, by Paul Meritt and George Con- quest, produced at the Grecian Theatre, London, on October 26, 1874. See Lacy, M. ROPHINO. Blindfold. A comedietta by R. Soutar, adapted from ' Le Bongeoir,' and first per- formed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, May 4, 1SS2, by Miss Kate Vaughan, Arthur Dacre, and C Marius. See Journey's End IN Lovers' JIeeting and Odds are Even. Blink, George. Author of ' The Tiger at Large ' (Strand Theatre, London, 1837). Blinker, Benjamin. A London "tiger" in Watts Phillips's 'Lost in London ' (^.r.). Blinkum, Lord. A "reverend owl" in Coyne and Talfourd's Leo the Terrible ' q.v.). Blinval, Captain. " The Prisoner of Rochelle " in G. Dibdin Pitt's burletta of that name (q.v.). Bliss, Mrs. Singleton, in Byron's ' Cyril's Success ' (q.v.). Blissett. Actor ; made his first appear- ance in New York in August, 1797. He ' ' was one of the best of actors in a small part, or French character. As Dr. Caius, Dr. Dab- lancoeur, Jerry Sneak, Canton, Sheepface, and Bagatelle he was perfection " (Ireland). He returned to England in 1821. Blister. An apothecary in Fielding's ' Virgin Unmasked ' {q.v.). Block. (1) A sailor in Smollett's 'Reprisal' (q.v.). (2) A character in DUN- LAP's 'Where is He?' (3) Shenezer and Marian Block figure in Oxenford's ' Neigh- bours' (q.v.). (4) There is a 3Ir. PunctUio Block in WOOLER'S 'I'll -write to the " Times."' Blockhead, Ben, in Buckstone's 'Billy Taylor' (q.v.). Blockheads (The). An opera per- formed at New York, and printed in 1783. Blod-vvir. An opera by Dr. Joseph J^ARRV, performed at Swansea, Wales, on June 20, 1878. Blomfield, Luke, in Reade's 'Dora' (q.v.). Blondel. (1) A minstrel in INlACN ally's: • Cceur de Lion' (q.v.). (2) A character in C. P. Thompson's 'The Shade.' Blondin; or, The Tight Rope. A farce performed at Her Majesty's Opera House, Aberdeen, February 5,' 1873. , Blondinette. "Little Red Riding Hood" in L. Buckingham's extravaganza of that name (q.v.). Blood, Colonel, figures in W. T, Townsend's ' Whitefriars.' See Blooi. Royal. Blood for Blood. See Shade, The. Blood, J. J. Dramatic writer; authoi of ' Our Lodger ■ (1885), ' 'Twixt Kith anc Kin ' (1887), ' Her Trustee ' (1887), ' Fate am Fortune ' (1891). Blood-red Knight (The); or, Th< Fatal Bridge. A melodramatic romance by W. Barrymore (q.v.), performed ii London with W. West as Sir Roivland (the Knight) ; first played at New York u January, 1828, with Richings in the titL part. Blood Royal; or, The Crowi Jewels. A play by Thomas Arche] (q.v.), in which the author represented th hero, Colonel Blood; performed at Ne\ York in 1847. See Blood, Colonel. Blood will have Blood. A play pre, duced at the Olympic Theatre, London, tl 1813. ; Bloodhound. A character in Rowley' ; ' Match at Midnight ' (q.v.). \ Bloody "Banquet (The). A tragedj' printed in 1620, and ascribed to Thoma| Barker, but probably written by RobeR' Davenport (q.v.). It'is partly in rhymed an partly in blank verse. The "bloody bar quet " is that given by Armatrites, King c Cilicia, who, finding that his wife ha committed adultery with, and afterward killed, Tymethes, causes the last-named t' be quartered, one quarter being reserved fC' the queen's consumption at table, and th rest being exhibited to the guests ! Se Genesfs ' English Stage ' (1832). Bloody Bones. A character in 0: WAY'S ' Soldier's Fortune' (q.v.). Bloody Brother (The). See Rollc Duke of Normandy. Bloody Duke (The) ; or. The Ad ventures for a Crown. A politic? pamphlet in dramatic form, directed again.' James XL, and printed in 1690. It was b the author of ' The Abdicated Prince ' (q.v. ; Bloody Plot Discovered (A), tragedy, printed in 1780, and attributed t, one Ball, probaldy, says the ' Biographi Dramatica,' the author of ' The Beautifi Armenia' (q.v.). Bloom. (1) A "gentleman commoner BLOOMER COSTUME 175 BLUE AND BUFF in Baker's ' Hampsteacl Heath ' {q.v.). (2) Barbara Bloom figures in T. Townsend'S •Bell-ringer of St. Paul's.' (3) Ja)iet Bloom 3 a waiting-maid in M. Lemon's ' Grey Doublet' cg.u.). Bloomer Costume (The); or, The Fig-ure of Fun. A farce by Edward Stirling, first performed at the Strand Iheatre in September, 1851, by a cast in- cluding Miss Mariihall, Miss Maskell, Hudspeth, Atwood, and J. Rogers. (2) Bloomerism ; or, The Follies of the Day : ' I farce by J. H. Nightingale and C. MiLLWARD, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in October, 1851, with G. Eoney and ^Nliss ^\'oolga^ as Mr. and Mrs. Agncola Green, Paul Bedford and Miss K. Fitzwilham as Mr. and Mrs. Flighty Bounce, Woolgar and Mrs. Woolidge as Mr. and Mrs. Slowman, C. J. Smith as Cotait Knoweroff, '0." Smith as John Airey (a policeman), vnd Miss E. Chaplin as Sairey Potts (a naid-of-all-work). Bloomer, Lady Bell. A character in - ajrs. Cowley's 'Which is the Man?' (2) • ' There is a Lady Bloomer in C. J. jNIathews's f Dowager' ((/.v.). Bloomfield, Lady. A character in Kexney's ' World ' {q.v.). (2) Louisa Bloom- ield is the heroine of Selbt'S ' Unfinished ^ientleman' {q.v.). Bloomly, Mrs. (1) A young widow in •iELBY's ' Irish Dragoon ' (,q-v.). (2) Mrs. Bloomly is the "charming woman" in H. ^Vigan's comedy of that name {q.v.). (3) Sir Rose and Algernon Bloomly are characters n T. H. Bayly's * You can't marry your iTraudmother ' {q-v.). Bloomsbury, Miss. An "actress of ill work" in Selby's 'Spanish Dancers' [q.v.). Blossom,. (1) Mr. Benjamin Blossom in J. M. Morton's 'Who stole the Pocket- Book ? ' (2) Betsy Blossom in E. Stirling's Clarence Clevedon.' (3) Jerry Blossom in POCOCK'S ' Hit or Miss.' Blossom, of Churnington Green The); or, Love, Rivalry, and Re- venge. A burlesque drama in one act, by F. R. HOSKINS. The " blossom " is Bettina, md among the other characters are 2ied Haivthorn, Simon Forge, Sergeant Toddyswig, -^^ :! knd the Mysterious Stranger. \ Blot in the 'Scutcheon (A). A play 'in three acts, by Robert Browning {q.v.), arst performed at Drurv Lane Theatre on February 11, 1843, with Phelps as Thorold, Lord Tresham, J. Anderson as Henry, Earl Mertoun, IMiss Helen Faucit as Mildred Tresham,"Slvs.S)tivlmgsLsGuendolenTresham, ind G. Bennett as Gerard; revived at Sadler's Wells on November 27, 1848, with Phelps in his original part, G. F. Dickenson \s Mertoun, Hoskins as Aristin, ]\Iiss Cooper is Mildred, Miss Huddart as Guendolen ; produced at Washington, U.S.A., on Decem- ber 17, 1884, with Laurence Barrett as \Tresham; played twice at the St. George's Hall, London, on xVpril 30, 1885, by amateurs [Browning was present at one of these performances] ; produced at the Olympic Theatre, London, on ilarch 15, 1888, with Miss Alma Murray as Mildred, Miss A. Leighton as Guendolen, C. J. Fulton as Tresham, F. Rodney as Mertoun, B. Webster &S Austin, and G. R. Foss as Gerard; per- formed at the Gentleman's Concert Hall, Manchester, INIarch 27, 1893, with Miss May Harvey as Mildred, Miss Ada Wyniard as Guendolen, L. Calvert as Tresham, E. V. Reynolds as Austin, and Martin Harvey as Mertoun ; performed at the Opera Comique, London, on June 15, 1893, with Miss Harvey, Martin Harvey, and L. Calvert as at Man- chester,;and Miss N. De Silvaas Guendolen; at Liverpool, under the auspices of the Arts Club, in January, 1894, with Miss Ada Mellon as Guendolen. Blount. The name of a family in Sheridan Knowles's 'Old Maids' {q.v.), consisting of a rich jeweller, his wife, and his sons John and Thomas. (2) Sir Frederick Blount is the lisping swell in LORD Ly^TON's ' Money ' {q.v.). Blouzabella. Queen of Allaquiz in PLANCHi:'s ' Invisible Prmce' {q.v.). " Blow, hlow, thou winter wind." First line of the song sung by Amiens in act ii. so. 7 of ' As You Like It.' Blow for Blow. A drama, in a prologue and three acts, by H. J. Byron {q.v.), first performed at the Holborn Theatre, London, on September 5, 1868, with Miss Lydia Foote as Mildred and Alice Craddock, Miss J. Rignold as Lady Ethel Lindon, Miss Sallie Turner as Sirs. Moulscy, G. Honey as Charley Spraggs, J. C. Cowper as Drummond, Par- selle as Dr. Grace ; revived at the Adelphi in March, 1870 ; at Sadler's WeUs in May, 1881, with Miss Isabel Bateman as Mildred and Alice, Miss K. Pattison as Lady Ethel, Miss L. Linden as Kitty, J. D. Beveridge as Drummond, etc Blow in the Dark (The). A come- dietta in one act, by Thompson Townsend {q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, in 1855, with Vollaire as Baron Bonbon. Blo-whard. (1) A character in Tyrone Power's ' How to Pay the Rent' {q.v.). (2) Mr. Benjamin and Miss Dinah Blowhard figure in J. M. Morton's ' Slasher and Crasher' {q.v.). (3) Hector Bloichard is a trumpeter in Parselle'S ' My Son's a Daughter ' {q.v.). Blue Anchor (The). See Pocock, Isaac. Blue and Buff; or, The Great Muddleboroug-h Election. A comic opera in two acts, written by E. V. Ward, composed by W. L. Frost, and "first performed at the Bijou Opera House. Liverpool, on January 24, 1880; produced in London at the Haymarket on September 5, 1881, with a cast including H. St. Maur, Eric Lewis, Miss Emily Thorne, antl Miss Lottie Venne. BLUE AND THE GRAY BLUE BEARD Blue and the Gray (The). A military drama bv Elliott Barnes, produced at Niblo's Theatre, New York, May 19, 1884. Blue Beard. The hero of a famous nursery story and central figure of the following (among manv) dramatic pieces : (1) ' Blue Beard ; or, The Flight of Harle- quin : ' pantomime produced at Covent Garden in December, 1791. (2) ' Blue Beard ; or, Female Curiosity : ' a musical entertain- ment in two acts, by G. Colman, jun. iq.v.\ first performed at Drury Lane on January 16, 1793, ■Nvith Palmer as Abomelique, Ban- nister, jun., as Shaeabac, Dowton as Ibrahim, Kelly as (S'e^im, Mrs. Crouch as Fatinia, Miss De Camp as Irene, and Mrs. Bland as Beda ; first plaved at New York in 1802, with Tyler as Abomelique, Jefiferson as Ibrahim, Hodg- kinson as Selim, and Mrs. Hodgkinson as Fatima ; revived at Covent Garden on February IS, 1811, with Barrymore as Abomelique, Fawcett as Shaeabac, and Mrs. C. Kemble as Irene [on this occasion a troop of horses made its appearance in the course of the piece, drawing down the in-, dignation of 'The Dramatic Censor' and other authorities : seeGenest]; at the same theatre on June 2, 1825, with Egerton as Abomelique, Duruset sls Shaeabac, Blanchard as Ibrahim, and Miss M. Tree as Fatima. (3) ' Blue Beard : ' a burlesque burletta in one act, by J. R. Planche (q.v.) and Charles Dance (^.r.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on January 1, 1839", with :\Idme. Vestris as Fleurette, Mrs. Franks as Anne, Mrs. Macnamara as Bame Perroquet, J. Brougham as O'Shac Back, and J. Bland as Baron Abomelique drama in three acts, by F. C. Burnan (q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Tb atre, London, on March 12, 1883, with Mi; E. Farren as the Baron Abomelique de Ban Bleue, Edward Terry as Petitpois, and Mii. Kate Vaughan, Miss Connie Gilchrist, I, Monkhouse, and E. J. Henley in other part (18) 'Blue Beard and Son:' burlesque. Bat March, 1883. (19) ' Blue Beard : pant mime by Horace Lennard, Crystal Palac December, 1883. (20) 'Blue-Eyed Bli Beard, the Masher Pasha :' pantomime 1 G. Thorn, Grand Theatre, Islington, D cember, 1885. (21) 'Blue Beard:' pant mime by F. Butler, Elephant and Cast Theatre, London, December, 1890. (2 ' Blue Beard : ' operetta in four acts, writt by W. S. North, composed by J. McCullui C"hildren's Hospital, Dublin, January ] 1894. (23) ' Blue Beard : ' pantomime , H. Lennard (q.v.). Crystal Palace, Dece: ber 22, 1894. (24) ' Blue Beard : ' ball music by G. Jacobi, Alhambra Theat ' London, December 16, 1895.— A ' Blue Beai was produced in New York in 1884, wi Miss Fanny Rice as Fatima. It was f I lowed at Niblo's Garden in 1890 by 'BI L BLUE BELLE 177 BLUFF KING HAL Seard, Junior,' by C. M. Greene and '. J. Enstis.— ' Blue Beard' is the title ;nd subject of a two-act tragedy by the fiarl of Ellesmere (1S41), of a "serio-comic •triental Romance" in one act by Bishop Ieber (1868), and of dramatic pieces by . V. Bridgeman and T. A. Palmer. Blue Belle. A play by Dion Bouci- AULT {q.v.\ produced at Burton's, New ork, in 1856. Blue Bells of Scotland (The). A omedy-drama in five acts, by Robert ;UCHANAN, taken partly from his prose imance, 'A Child of Nature,' and first ,erformed at the Novelty Theatre, London, eptember 12, 1887, with Henry Neville as raham Macdonald, Miss Harriett Jay as ■ ady Ethel Gordon, Miss Fortescue as Mina lacdonald, and other roles by Arthur El- ood, Scott Buist, G. Canninge, S. Calhaem, ad Miss Marie Stuart. Blue, Billy. A servant in E. Stirling's [Little Back Parlour' (q.v.). (2) Diana linger Blue, is a character in E. Stirling's Buffalo Girls' (g. v.). Blue Blood. A play by Madeline L. tYLEY, produced in U.S.A. Blue Boar (The). A "fantastic farce" I three acts, by Louis N. Parker (7.1;.) and [urray Carson {q.v.), first performed at le Court Theatre, Liverpool, on August 31, ;94 ; produced at Terry's Theatre, London, 1 March 23, 1895, with Edward Terry as obert Honeydew, Harcourt Beatty as Cyril 'rawthivaite, G. Belraore as the Griffin, L. enyon as Boots, Miss Alexes Leighton \ Mrs. Pounder, Miss M. Mcintosh as Hllicent, and Miss Fanny Brough as " Br." trendergast. Blue Devils. A comic drama in one ;t, adapted by GEORGE Colman, jun., from atrat's ' L' Anglais, ou le Fou Raissonable,' pd first performed at Covent Garden on Ipril 24, 1798, with Fawcett as Megrim, unden as Demisou, Knight as James, and :rs. Gibbs as Annette (daughter of Demi- u) ; first played at New York in 1806, with -.vaits as Megrim; revived at the Gaiety leatre, London, in June, 1876. Megrim is bject to ''blue devils," and contemplates icide, " by way of novelty," to " enliven " m. Blue Domino (The). A farce played j New York in 1843. plue Glass. A comedy in three acts, bm the German of Von Moser, first per- h:med at Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, i March 12, 1877, with Miss Fanny Daven- \xt as Estie, Miss E. Rigl as Sophie, Mrs. i H. Gilbert as 3[rs. Fletcher Bull, C. bghlan as Tom Haven, J. Drew as Reginald %ven, J.Broughara as General MacThunder, Lewis as Julius Pappenheim, etc. Blue Jackets (The); or, Her .ajesty's Service. A farce in one t, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), first per- rmed at the Adelphi Iheatre, London, on October 15, 1838, with " O." Smith as Ben Binnacle, Mrs. Keeley as Betsy Bodkin, F. Matthews as Admiral Trunnion, and Mrs. Honey as Fanny Trunnion. Blue Jeans. A play in four acts, by Joseph Arthur, first performed in Eng- land at the Opera House, Northampton February 14, 1898 ; Shakespeare Theatre, London, February 28, 1898. Blue Liaws. A farce produced at New York in 1833. Blue or Green ? A comedietta by Mrs. Hugh Bell ; Comedy Theatre, Lon- don, March 12, 1896. Blue Ribbons. A farcical comedy in three acts, by Walter Browne {q.v.) and J. E. SODEN, first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on May 11, 1887. Bluebell, Bessie. A country girl in C. H. Hazlewood's ' Jenny Foster.' Bluebelle, Miss. A character in ' Wives by Advertisement ' {q.v.). (2) Muskito Bluebelle figures in J. B. Buck- STONE'S ' Bear-hunters ' {q.v.). Blue-eyed Blue Beard. See Blue Beard (20). Blue-eyed Susan. A comic opera in three acts, founded on Douglas Jerrold's 'Black-eyed Susan' {q.v.), libretto by George R. Sims and Henry Pettitt, music by F. Osmond Carr, first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on February 6, 1892, with Miss Nellie Stewart as Susan, Miss Marian Burton as William, Miss Grace Pedley as Dolly May- flower, Arthur Williams as Doggrass, Arthur Roberts as Captain Crosstree. Wallace- Brownlow afterwards appeared as Williaiyt, and Miss Phyllis Broughton as Dolly. Blue-leg-g-ed Lady (The). A "piece of absurdity," by \V. J. Hill, first performed at the Court Theatre, London, March 4, 1874, by A. Bishop, Clifford Cooper, C. Steyne, and Miss Kate Phillips. Blueruino. "An illicit spirit" in^ Planch^'s ' Golden Branch ' {q.v.). Blueskin. A character in the various adaptations and burlesques of ' Jack Shep- pard' Cq.v.). Bluff. (1) Captain ^^oll Bluff is a cowardly braggart in Congreve's ' Old Bachelor' {q.v.). (2) Bluff is the name of the mate in I. Pocock's ' Robinson Crusoe ' {q.v.). (3) Captain Bluff is a character in E. Stirling's 'Jane Lomax' {q.v.). Bluff King" Hal. Under this tradi- tional appellation, Henry VIII. has given the title to a certain number of comic- pieces :— (1) A pantomime produced at the Princess's Theatre, London, at Christmas, 1848. (2) A pantomime by F. Marchant,, Victoria Theatre, London, December, 1868. (3) A pantomime by Nelson Lee, Pavilion Theatre, London, 1868. (4) A pantomime at Greenwich, December, 1872. .(5) An N BLUNDERER 178 BOARDING SCHOOL opera-bouffe in two acts, words by C. O'Neil, music by G.Richardson; Cheltenham, April, 1877. (6) A pantomime by Frank Hall, Victoria Theatre, London, December 24, 1879, (7) A pantomime by H. Spry, Sanger's Amphitheatre, London, December, 1S82. (8) A burlesque. Alexandra Theatre, Sheffield, March 12, 1883. (9) A musical piece, written by Charles E. Ford, composed byi L. H. Fisher ; Opera House, Baltimore, U.S.A., April 6, 1896. Blunderer (The). A comedy, trans- lated from Moliere, and printed in Foote's ' Comic Theatre,' vol. iv. Blundering: Heir (The). See Lyste, H. P. Blunt. (1) Colonel Blunt, in Howard's ' Committee ' (q.v.), is a Royalist soldier, who reappears in Knight's 'Honest Thieves' (q.v.) as Captain Manly. (2) Major-General Blunt is a cavalry officer in Shadwell's * Volunteers' {q.v.). (S) Major Blunt is a character in C. J. Mathews's 'Adventures •of a Love Letter' {.q.v.). (4) John Blunt ,is the English war-correspondent m H. J. Byron's ' Michael Strogoff ' {q.v.). Blurt, Master Constahle ; or, The Spaniard's Nig-ht "Walk. A comedy by Thomas Middleton {q.v.), acted by the children of Paul's, and printed in 1G02. Blush, Mr. A character in H. Wigan's 'Taming the Truant' {q.v.). (2) Prince Blush is a character in J. Kingdom's * Three Princes' {q.v.). Blush Rose. An opera-bouffe, music by Offenbach, libretto by G. D'Arcy, Theatre Royal, Plymouth, May 22, 1876. Blushenly. The hero of Cumberland's 'Natural Son' {q.v.). " Blushing: rose, and purple flower (The)." First line of a song in Massinger's ' Picture' {q.v.). Blushing-ton, Edward. The "bashful man" in Moncrieff's comic drama of that name {q.v.). (2) There is a Peter Blushing- ton in BouciCAULT's ' Lover by Proxy ' {q.v.). Blusterbus. A yeoman of the guard in PL-VNCHe's ' Amoroso' {q.v.). Bly, Nelly. A ballet-girl in Grundy and Solomon's 'Vicar of Bray' {q.v.), be- loved by Thomas Merton. Blyth, Mrs. The widow in Burnand's 'Colonel' {q-v.). Boahdelin, King-, in Dryden's ' Con- quest of Granada' {q.v.). Boabdil. An opera, music by Moritz Moszkowski, performed, with English li- bretto by Mrs. Tretbar, at the Manhattan Opera House, New York, January 24, 1S93. Boahdil el Chico ; or, The Moor the Merrier. A burlesque by F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), performed at Astley's The- atre, London, under E. T. Smith's manage- ment. Boaden, Caroline. Dramatist ; autl of ' Fatality,' * Quite Correct,' ' Willia Thompson ; ' and adapter of ' Don Ped the Cruel.' Boaden, James. Dramatic and cellaneous writer, born 1762, died 1 author of the following plays:— 'Osm; and Daraxa' (1793), ' Fontainville Forei (1794), 'The Secret Tribunal' (1795), Italian Monk (1797), ' The Cambro-Britoi (1798), ' Aurelio and Miranda ' (1799), ' Tt' Voice of Nature ' (1803), and ' The Maid Bristol ' (1803). Boaden was also the autl of ' A Letter containing a Critical Exam tion of the Papers of Shakespeare publishi by Mr. Samuel Ireland ' (1796), ' An Inquii into the Authenticity of the Various Picti and Prints of Shakespeare' (1824), 'A L of J. P. Kemble ' (1825), ' Memoirs of M Siddons' (1827), 'A Life of Mrs. Jorda (1831), 'Memoirs of Mrs. Inchbald' (18S and ' On the Sonnets of Shakespea identifying the person to whom they i addressed, and elucidating several por in the Poet's History' (1S37). See 'Ij graphia Dramatica' (1812). j Boadicea, Q,ueen of Britain. ( tragedy by Charles Hopkins, wi-ittenj, rhyme, and acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields 1697, with Mrs. Barry as the heroil Betterton as Cassibelan (British genei:, Kynaston as Paulinus (Roman genei , Sandford as Caska, Hodgson as Dec , INIrs. Bracegirdle as Camilla, and J . Bowman as Venutia. (2) 'Boadicea i tragedy by Richard Glover {q.v.), t performed at Drury Lane on Decemb( , 1753, with Mrs. Pritchard as the here , Garrick as Dumnorix (chief of the Trine i- tians), Mossop as ^nobarbus, Havar( s Flaminius, and Mrs. Cibber as Vena, (wife to Dumnorix). The story is foui d on the 14th book of the 'Annals' of Tac 5. See Bonduca. (3) ' Boadicea Uneartb :' burlesque in one act, by Wilton J. Rix d Fred. J. Gillett, Town Hall, Kill % January 29, 1S95. , Board and Residence. A fan^ one act, by Conway Edwardes {q.v.):iii performed at the Globe Theatre, Loi;n, on October 8, 1870. Among the chara,T8 are Augustus Fitzfuddle, Timotheus ?lfcf Miss Matilda and Maria Mildew, and jJ«rt (a maid). Boarding- House (The); or, >e Hours at Brig-hton. A musical ;"oe in two acts, written by Samuel Bea 'Y, jun. {q.v.), Avith music by Horn, anc rst performed at the Lyceum Theatre on A -ist 26, 1811, with J. Smith as Cajjtai/i B< ft, MissH. Kelly as Caroline IIeartley,V>'e zer as old Contract, Oxberry as young Coi sc'i INIrs. Orger as Caroline Wheatsheaf, ve- grove as Fidget, and Knight as Spatte -sh. Boarding- School, Our. See'uR Boarding School. Boarding- School (The). (1) i« rce in one act, by W. Bayle Bernard v.), BOARDING-SCHOOL MISS 179 BODKIN irst performed at the Haymarket on Sep- ember 1, 1841, with a cast inchiding .Vebster, J. Webster, F. Vining, D. Rees, tlrs. Stirling, Miss P. Horton, and Mrs. F. .latthews (q.v.^. Among the characters ,re Farmer Holly and Miss Mary Mite. 2) A comedy by E. Browne, played hroughout the U.S.A. in 1879-80, with ,Iiss Minnie Palmer in the chief part. ;ee Love for Money. Boardingr-School Miss (The). A omedy ascribed to Dr. Paul Joddrell, rinted in 1787, but not acted. . Boardingr-School Romps; or. The ; *ham Captain. See Love for Money ; •R, The Boarding School. Boast of Billing-sg-ate (The). A lay by Richard Hathwaye {q.v.) and |OHN Day iq.v.), acted in 1602. w Boathuilder's Hovel (The). See f'egro of Wapping. Boaz. A Jew in Douglas Jerrold's Prisoner of War' iq.v.). - Bob. A play by Fred Marsden, per- ^^ irmed in U.S.A. during 1887, with Miss . :i itti Rosa in the title part ; produced at . J 16 Novelty Theatre, London, on December . ; ), 1888, with Miss Rosa in her original role, iipported by F. Mervin, W. Farren, jun., '. Friend, Wallace Erskine, and Miss Amy cNeiU; revived at the Strand Theatre, )ndon, in February, 1889. Bob Short. See Lemon, Mark. iBobadil. See Searelle, Luscombe. '-i. Bobadil, Captain, in Jonson's 'Every ^•' a,n in his Humour' i'^.v.), is a bully and a '', ward— a man of "big words and little ■; art." He is described in the cast as "a . ' .Ill's man "— " a frequenter of the middle •^ ile of St. Paul's Cathedral, the common ' : jort of cast captains, sharpers, gulls, and -- ssipers of every description." He is, 7S Hazlitt, "the real hero of the piece. (1 .3 extravagant affectation, his blustering al cowardice, are an entertaining medley ; : :1 his final defeat and exposure, though < .eedingly humorous, are the most affect- i; part of the story." B. W. Procter pro- imces him "worthy to march in the same lament with Bessus (q.v.), and Pistol (q.v.), £l Parolles (q.v.), and the Copper Captain" , ; Cj.). The part was played in public by ^•<. See DOCTOR BOLUS. (2) Tim Bousvs ISfte,?' assistant in T. J. Williams's ' My Turn Next.' ■RoTTi-bardinian, in Carey's ' Chronon- ho?onSolo|os ' (Vt'.) is general to the king, bSt being struck by that monarch, kiUs him. As he observes— " Bombardinian has received a blow, ^^ And ChrononhotGnthologos must die I Bom^)astes Furioso. A burlesqiie tragic opera in one act, by ^\ illiam Barnes Rhodes {n-v.), first performed at the Haj SikeVThiatre, London, on August 7. 181C with Liston as General Bomhastes (in lov ^s'ith Distaffina), Matthews as Artaxomimn (King of Utopia), Taylor as Fusbos (Mini5 ter of State), and Miss H. Kelly as Du tafma. It was afterwards played wit Mundenas Bombastes and Farren as Fusbo. '^ Artaxommous is discovered drinkmj Bombastes returns victorious. Artaxomum. makes love to Distafiivx. He and iJom&asf. fight. The king dies. Fusbos kills Bom bastes. At the conclusion the kmg an Bombastes jump «P alive ''(Genest) Bod bastes,' played in New York in 1816 wa revived at the Gaiety, London, on Marc IS 1871 T. Anderton set the burlesque 1 music, and produced it at Birmingham und. the title of ' Artaxominous the Great. Bombay to Henley.^ A music coSedy, words by Walter Parke, mus by P and E. Bucalossi; Ladbroke Ha. London, March 14, 1895. Bombo, the Dwarf. A drama three acts, 'by J- Holmes Grover, Queer. Theatre, Dublin, May 10, 1S80. Bombono. The henpecked husband Maiina, in E. STIRLING'S 'Serpent of t. Sile'iq.v.). ^ . , Bon Soir, Monsieur Pantalon. j op7r?rta produced at Adelphi Theatre, Lc: don in August, 1852, with a cast mcludi Miss FitzwUliam. See Twice Killed. Bon Ton: or, Higrb. Life Abo- Stai?s. A come'dy in three acts, att buted variously to.David Garnck (5. George Colman, King, and Geneial B coynf ; first performed at Drury Lane lllvch IS 1775, v^-ith Mrs. Abington m's Tittup, ^Uss Pope as Lady Mimk Trotley, Brereton as Colonel Tiiy, i'arsc il Davy, and Lamash as Jessamy. 1 prologue was by Colman. Bon-Visaee, Bartilome. A c rafter in G.A?MAR's ' Jane of the Hatch Bona. Sister to the French queen- 'KingHenry VL,'pt. in. -Rnnabben. Tutor to Prince Ahmec H J BYRO?? ' Pilgrim of Love ' (q.v.). ■Rr,nn--fide Travellers. A farce ; W?LLmi BROUofi (q.v.), first perfumec . the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Octo' 30, itol ?vith R. Romer (^"f )- ^^^^ |: ford iO'Gripper), Keeley, and Mrs. Ket in the cast. Bonamico. A character in Shirli > ' Bird in a Cage ' (q.v.). Bonaparte. See Buonaparte. Bonassus. ,(1) An old IJenchcapli in R B. PEAKE'S ' Comfortable Lodgir ^ (g.if)'. (2) A jeweller in J. B. BUCKSTO.-^ • Victorine ' (q.v.). Bonaventure, Basil. A soldiei f fortune in G. Almar'S ' Gaspardo the t dolier.' BONBON 183 BONDUCA Bonbon. A name given to the follow- ing characters :—(l) BaroJi Bonbon in T. lowNSEND'S ' Blow in the Dark ' {q.v.). (2) King Bonbon in F. C. Burnand's 'Snow- drops {q.v.). (3) Madame Bonbon in Sel- BY'S 'Poor Nobleman ' (g.r.). (4) Madame Bonbon in T. E. Wilks' 'Raffaelle the Reprobate' {q.v.). (5) Prince Bonbon, a character in Planchi^'s 'Yellow Dwarf [q.v.). (6) Sir Pierre de Bonbon in BUR- NAND'S ' Fair Rosamond ' {q.v.). Boncoeur, Madame De. A character in Selbt's ' Paris and Pleasure ' {q.v.). (S) Pierre Boncceur is the "village doctor" in B. Webster's drama so named {q.v.). . Boncour, Sir Georg-e, and Mr. Father and son in Fielding's 'Fathers' {q-v.). Bond, Jessie. Actress and vocalist ; born in London, and studied at the R. A.M. ; made her first professional appearance at the Op^ra Comique, London, on May 28, 1878, as the original Hebein ' H.]NLS. Pinafore '(g. v.), figuring afterwards in the original cast of 'After Air {q-v.). In 1879 she went to New York, where, on December 31, she was (for America) the original Edith in "The Pirates of Penzance' {q.v.). Re- turning to England in 18S0, she was the first representative in London of Isabel in the last-named opera (April 3). She was afterwards the original performer of the following rdles in the Gilbert-Sullivan series : — Lady Angela in ' Patience ' (1881), lolanthe (1882), Melissa in ' Princess Ida ' XlS8i), Pitti-Sing in 'The Mikado' (1885), Mad Margaret in ' Ruddigore ' (1887), Phoebe in ' The Yeomen of the Guard ' (1888), and Tessa in ' The Gondoliers ' (1889). She was also in the first casts of ' To the Death ' {Maud Charteris) (1888), ' Locked In ' {Sophie) (1889), ' The Nautch Girl ' {Chinna Loofah) (1891), • Ma Mie Rosette ' {Martha) (1892), 'Poor Jonathan' {Molly) (1893), 'Miami' {Nellie) (1893), 'Go-Bang' {Helen) (1894), ,'His Excellency ' (iVaHa)(lS94), and ' Corney Courted' {Mrs. Corney). She played Con- stance in the Savoy revival of ' The Sorcerer' (g.v.)in 1884, and Susan Linnett in ' Wapping Old Stairs ' (London, 1894). Bond, "William. Dramatic and mis- cellaneous writer, died 1735 ; claimed to have "altered" a tragedy called 'The Tuscan Treaty, or Tarquin's Overthrow,' announced 'as "by a gentleman lately deceased," and ■produced at Covent Garden in 1733. See the ' Biographia Dramatica.' Bond (Tlie). A dramatic poem in three acts, by Mrs. Charles Gore, printed in 1824. Bond of Life (The). A drama in three acts, by H. F. Saville ; Assembly Rooms, Reading, May 14, 1870. Bondacani, II; or, The Caliph R-obber. A comic opera written by H. piBDiN {q.v.), performed at Covent Garden in November, 1800. The title is derived from the name assumed by the Caliph during tu.^ rambles in disguise.. Bondagre. A play in four acts, adapted from the French of Pierre d'Alray, and first performed at the Op^ra Comique Theatre, London, on March 31, 1883, with a cast in- cluding C. Kelly, G. Alexander, W. Farren, jun.. Miss Nelly Bromley, Miss Agnes Thomas, and Miss HUda HUton. Bondman (The). (1) "An ancient story," by Philip Massinger {q.v.)., first performed at the Cockpit, Drury Lane, on December 3, 1623, and printed in the follow- ing year. Downes records that it was revived at the Cockpit in 1659, with Betterton in the cast. Pepys records in March, 1660-1 : " To White-fryars, and saw ' The Bondman' acted ; an excellent play and well done. But above all that ever I saw, Betterton do the Bondman best." With some omissions, and the sub-title of ' Love and Liberty,' it was brought out at Drury Lane on June 8, 1719, with Walker as Marullo{Pisander), WilHams as Leosthenes, Mills as Timoleon, Shepherd as Cleon, Miller as Asotus, INIrs. Thurmond as Cleora, Mrs. Garnet as Timandra {Sta- tilia), and Mrs. Hunt as Corisca. It was again played at Covent Garden on October 13, 1779, with the comic scenes "reformed " by Cumberland, and with Wroughton as Pisander, Lewis as Leosthenes, Aickin as- Timoleon, Wilson as Cleon, Quick as Asotus, Mrs. Yates as Cleora, and Mrs. Pitt as Corisca. The scene is laid in Syracuse. The bondman is Pisander, who, for love of Cleora, has sold himself to her father as a slave, calling himself Marullo. His sister, Statilia, accompanies him, calling herself Timandra. Marullo incites the slaves to a rebellion which is crushed. He then incurs the jealousy of Leosthenes, who loves Cleora ; but Cleora declares for Pisander, and Leos- thenes is reconciled to Statilia, to whom he had formerly engaged himself. Timoleon is a general sent by the Corinthians to defend the Syracusans from the Carthagi- nians. Cleon, Asotus, and Corisca are comic characters. (2) An opera, music by M. W. Balfe(g.?;.), produced at Drury Lane Theatre in 1846. (3) A drama in five acts, by Hall Caine {q.v.), founded on his novel called ' The Bondman,' and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Bolton, on November 19, 1892, with Clifton Alderson as Jason and Miss Agnes Verity as Greeba. Bonduca, A tragedy, generally as- cribed to Francis Beaumont {q.v.) and John Fletcher {q.v.), though Dyce is in- clined to hold that it is the work of Fletcher only. The original cast included Burbage {q.v.), and the first performance must there- fore have taken place before March, 1618-19, in which month Burbage died. The plot of the play, like that of Hopkins' and of Glover's ' Boadicea' {q.v.), is founded on the ' Annals' of Tacitus, bk. xiv. c. 29, and deals with some well-known historical characters. Bonduca is identical with Boadicea, and Caratach with Caractacus. "Shamefully mangled," says Genest, the play was re- vived at Drury Lane in 1696, with Powell as Caratach, Mrs. Knight as Bonduca, Mrs. Rogers as Claudia, Miss Cross as Bonvica, BONDWOMAN 134 BONOS NOCHIOS and other parts by Mills, Verbruggen, etc. The same version was played at Drury Lane in 1706, and again in 1731, with Bridgwater as Caratach, Gibber, jun., as Venutius, Mrs. Butler as Bonduca, Mrs. Gibber as Claudia, and Miss Eaftor as Bonvica. The original play, altered by Golman, was revived at the Havmarket in 1778, with Digges as Cara- tach, Miss Sherry as Bonduca, and Palmer, Parsons, and Lamash in other parts ; at Covent Garden in 1795, with Holman aa Caratach, I\Irs. Pope as Bonduca, Miss ■\Vallis as Bonvica, and other r6les by Pope, Quick, Farren, and Harley, and at the same theatre in 1808, with Gooke as Caratach, C. Kemble as Penimt, Munden as Judas, and Mrs. H. Johnston as one of Bonduca's daughters. In 1837 the play was once more revived at Drury Lane, under the title of ' Garactacus,' arranged by J. R. Planch^, who added a final scene at the request of Bunn, in order that the latter might intro- duce a representation of a Roman triumph. Bondwoman (The). A play entered on the books of the Stationers' Company, September 23, 1653. Bone Squash Diablo. The sketch in which T. D. Rice (q.v.) first introduced his song, 'Jump, Jim Grow,' to English audiences (Surrey Theatre, 1830). Bones, Caraway. An undertaker in M. Melford's ' Turned Up ' (, as Leybourne in ' The Flowers of the Forest' {q.v.). His first appearance in London was made at the St. James's Theatre, in 1874, as John Feme in Robertson's 'Progress' {q.v.). He has since figured as the original Colonel Tem- pest in ' Delilah ' (1880), Captain Leigh in ' Sister Mary ' (1886), Harold Fitzralph in 'Heart of Hearts' (1887), D'Acosta in ' Ariane ' (1888), Vyvyan Foster in ' The Armada ' (1888), Frank Upworth in ' A Man's Love' (1889), Tom in 'A River-Side Story' (1890), Harry O'Mailey in 'The English Rose' (1890), Cuthbertson in 'The Trumpet Call ' (1891), Captain Vernon in ' The Prodigal Daughter ' (1892), John Allingham in ' The Benefit of the Doubt ' (1895), Captain '. . fusis in ' The Late Mr. Castello ' (IS , and Sir Reginald Belsize in * The Marri \ of Kitty ' (1902). He has also been seei i London as O'Callaghan in ' His Last L( ' (1S81), D'Alroy in 'Caste' (1889), Cyrix ' Cyril's Success ' (1890), Charles Middles : in ' Our Bovs ' (1890), Andreas in ' Theo(l( ' (1890), and Badger in ' The Streets of 1 - don ' (1891). He was the first representa a in the English provinces of Claudian \ other modern parts, and he has appe; 1 in New York in his original roles in ' e Prodigal Daughter.' 'Sister Mary,' 1 ' The Marriage of Kitty.' Boys Tog-ether. (1) A farcical i- medv in four acts, by W. Howell PO' ;, ailapted from a novel by Mounteney J i- son ; first performed at the Princi if Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, March i, 1887. (2) A drama in four acts, l)y Hae n Chambers and Comyns Carr, first ;. formed at the Adelphi Theatre, Lon.i, on August 26, 1896, with a cast inclu g W. Terris, W. L. Abingdon, C. W. Some t, J. D. Beveridge, H. Nicholls, W. Maci- tosh, L. Lablache, O. Adye, Miss . ;e Kingsley, Miss Kate Kearney, and ss Millward. Boys will be Boys. A comedie in one act, by Joseph Mackay {q.v.), firs !r- formed at the Opera Comique Th< -e, London, on July 29, 1889. Brabantio. Father of Desdemoi in ' Othello ' {q.v.) ; figures also in M. G. w- LING'S ' Othello Travestie ' {q.v.). Brace. (1) A sailor in R. T. Weji R'S •Red Rover' {q.v.). (2) Sir Ball Br is a broken-down oaronet in Albery's ' '. le' {q.v.). Brace of Partridg-es (A). A f.'cal comedy in three acts, l)y Robert .w- THONY, Royal County Theatre, Kin on, November 15, 1897 ; played at the ; md and Garrick Theatres, London, in 181 md afterwards performed in U.S.A. Braceg-irdle, Anne. Actress, ore about 1674, died September, 1748. The ; most received opinion," .says Anthony 'ton, " is that she was the daughter of a ich- man, coachraaker, or letter-out of c( Ses, in the town of Northampton. But. am inclinable to my father's opinion tb'she was a distant relation, and came ,0 of ; Staffordshire, from about Walsall or 'S ver- j hampton." As a child (not yet, it iaid, six years old) she played the page tbe first performance of ' The Orphan ' at 'Tset Garden in 1680. During her subs lenli professional life she sustained man ori- ginal " parts. Thus, between 1691 a 1707 she was the first representative of Eri sMfl^ in 'King Arthur,' Araminta in 'T OM Batchelor,' Cynthia in ' The Double '. der, Victoria in 'The Fatal Marriage,' ^ '«i«<« in ' Love for Love,' Belindain ' The Pi oked Wife,' Almeria in 'The Mourning 'i^^^ Millamant in 'The Ways of the -rid, I Selima in 'Tamerlane,' Lavinia L'T^e BRACEGIRDLE 197 BRADBURY ir Penitent,' Angelica in 'The Gamester,' dF^JiJpfl'ifain "i'he Confederacy.' Among ler parts were JJesdemona, Mrs. Ford, rdelia, Ophelia, Portia ('Julius Csesar '), ■ tavia in 'All for Love,' Aspatia in 'The lid's Tragedy,' and Statira in ' Alexandra 3 Great.' She acted at the Theatre Royal m 16S3 to 1694, at Lincoln's Inn Fields m 1695 to 1705, and at the Haymarket ■m 1705 to 1707. In the last-named year (.e thirty-third of her age) she retired from ■3 stage— for what particular reason is not I -tain. It may have been, as suggested, ■:ause Mrs. Oldfield "was excelling her ; popular estimation ; " or because Mrs. ■Ifield was "preferr'd to some parts before r ;" or because Mrs. Oldfield's " benefit " s" allowed to be in the season before" rs. Genest thinks that "the affront" I ) wn to her in the matter of her ' ' benefit " uld be "a sufficient cause" for her re- 3ment. She returned to the boards in ;i9, but only for one night (April 7), to ;pear as Angelica in 'Love for Love' for ■'i benefit of "her good friend Mr. Better- i\." When she died, slie was interred in n cloisters of Westminster Abbey. Colley ober speaks of "her reputation as an i Tess gradually rising with that of her per- il ; never any woman was in such general ■our of her spectators, which, to the last ;;ne of her dramatick life, she maintain'd ; not being unguarded in her private cha- :;ter. This discretion contributed not a ;;letomake her the card, the darling of the liatre ; for it will be no extravagant thing 1 say, scarce an audience saw 'that were is than half of them lovers, without a sus- yted favourite among them. . • . She had 1, greater claim to beauty than what the J'St desirable brunette might pretend to. ;t her youth and lively aspect threw out ;;h a glow of health and cheerfulness, that ( the stage few spectators that were not ]it it could behold her without desire. It "s even the fashion among the gay and ^mg to have a taste or tendre for Mrs. j'lcegirdle. She inspired the best authors 1 write for her, and two of them [Rowe vl Congreve], when they gave her a lover ia play, seem'd palpably to plead their own Ijisions, and make their private court to I': in fictitious characters. In all the chief I'ts she acted, the desire was so predomi- ).at, that no judge could be cold enough lionsider from what other particular excel- 1 ce she became delightful. . . . Yet let me [', there were two very different characters i which she acquitted herself with uncom- m applause [Statira and MiUamant]. In uer characters, where singing was a iiessarypart of them, her voice and action !"e a pleasure which good sense, in those < >'s, was not asham'd to give praise to " dpology,' 1740). Anthony Aston (who (Is her "that Diana of the stage") says 'he was of a lovely height, with dark- uwn hair and eyebrows, black sparkling < !s, and a fresh blushy complexion ; and, "enever she exerted herself, had an in- ' untary flushing in her breast, neck, and 1 e, having continually a cheerful aspect, and a fine set of even white teeth ; never making an exit, but that she left the audi- ence in an imitation of her pleasant counte- nance. Genteel comedy was her chief essay, and that too when in men's clothes, in which she far surmounted all the actresses of that and this age. Yet she had a defect scarce perceptible, viz. her right shoulder a little protended, which, when in men's clothes, was cover'd by a long or campaign peruke. She was finely shap'd, and had very handsome legs and feet ; and her gait, or walk, was free, manlike, and modest, when in breeches. . . . She was, when on the stage, diurnally charitable, going often into Clare Market, and giving money to the poor unemploy'd basket-women, insomuch that she would not pass that neighbourhood without the thankful acclamations of people of all degrees " (' Supplement to C. Gibber's Lives,' 1747-8). Gildon, in his ' Comparison between the Two Stages' (1702), and Tom Brown, in his 'Letters from the Dead to the Living,' express more than scepticism as to the chastity for which the actress was famous. For details of her career, in addi- tion to the authorities above mentioned, see the 'Lives' of Mrs. Oldfield ' (1730 and 1741), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), and D. Cook's 'Hours of the Players' (18S1). In the last named is a summary of the trial of Lord INIohun for the murder of Mountford, the actor (q.v.), in the course of an attempt by Captain Hill to abduct Anne Bracegirdle on the night of December 9, 1692. In this trial the actress gave evidence. — itrs. Brace- girdle figures in OxENFORD's 'Tragedy Queen' {q.v.), and also in 'An Actress by Daylight' (q.v.). Brachvog-el, A. E. See Narcisse. Bracy. The bewitched bard in the burlesque of ' Christabelle ' (q.v.). Bracy, Henry. Actor and vocalist ; original representative in London of the following characters :— Gontran de Solanges in ' Les Mousquetaires ' (1880), Prince Fritel- lini in ' The Mascotte ' (1881), Don Luis in 'Manteaux Noirs' (1SS2), Le Due de Marl]/ in ' Lurette ' (1883), Hilar ion in ' Princess Ida ' (1SS4), Prince Mignapour in ' The Grand INIogul' (1884), Eugene Marcel in ' Erminie' (1885), and the Due de la Roche Galante in 'Babette' (1SS8) ; also, Peter in the revival of 'The Sultan of Mocha' at the Strand Theatre in 1SS7. Bradbury, John "W., actor, has played in London the following original parts:— 3/r. Mallet in 'The Girls' (1879), Sam Smart in ' A Military Manceuvre ' (1S79), Hunt in ' Ourselves ' (1880), Gregory in 'The Guvnor' (1880), To7n Potts in ' Written in Sand ' (1884). He has also been seen as Our Mr. Jenkins in 'Two Roses' (Lvceum, 1879) and Jacob in 'The Road to Ruin' (Vaudeville, 1879). Bradbury, Robert. Actor, born at Manchester, 1774 ; died 1831 ; began life as a carpenter, and thence drifted into scene- shifting. The illness of a clown during the BRADDON 19S BRAIIAM run of a local pantomime gave Bradbury the opportunity of being deputy, and thus making his first appearance on the boards. He was afterwards engaged at the Surrey Theatre, and still later at Sadler's Wells, where, it is said, he eclipsed even Grimaldi in popularity. Dutton Cook speaks of him as " Grimaldi's great rival, the tumbling contortionist clown Bradbury, who wore nine strong 'pads' upon his person— one on his head, one round the shoulders, one round the hips, one on each elbow, two on the knees, and two on the heels of his shoes, and thus equipped was wont to hurl and knock himself about in a most alarming manner" {Theatre, 1883). See 'Life of Grimaldi 'US38). Braddon, Mary Elizabeth, is the author (in addition to numerous novels, many of which have been dramatized) of the following plays:— 'The Loves of Ar- cadia ' (1860), ' A Model Husband ' (revived 1868), ' Griselda ' (1873), ' Genevieve ' (1S74), 'For Better, for Worse' (1S91), and 'The Missing Witness.' It is iinderstood that, in her early years, Miss Braddon had some experience as an actress. Bradford, Jonatlian. See Jonathan Bradford. Bradsha-w, Jolm. Actor, born 1812, died 1876 ; the original of H. S. Leigh's ' Villain at the " Vic." ' Bradshaw, Michael. A bricklayer in J. M. Morton's ' Old Honesty ' {qv.)— "Old Honesty" being the name by which he is popularly known. Bradshaw, Mrs. See Tree, Ann Maria. Bradwell, William. Theatrical de- corator and mechanician, died 1849. Brady, Mrs. The heroine of Garrick's ' Irish Widow ' (g.u). Brag-. See Ellen. Brag-, Joseph. A character in E. Mayhew and G. Sjiith's ' Make your "Wills.' (2) Ned and Zachary Brag figure in D'Urfey's 'Love for Money' (g.v.) and Coffey's ' Boarding-School Romps ' (g.u.). Brag-anza. A tragedy by Robert Jephson, first performed at Drury Lane on February 17, 1775, with Reddish as Duke of Braganza, Smith as Velasquez, and Mrs. Yates as the Duchess, etc. Brag-g-ard Captain (The). A comedy translated from Plautus by Bonnell Thornton, and printed in 1767. " The main design is the recovery of Philoco- masium, and the mortification of the vain- glorious, self -conceited captain." Braham, John. Vocalist and actor, born in Goodman's Fields, March, 1774 [Oxberry says 1772], died February, 1856 ; son of a'Portuguese (or German) Jew, named (it is said) Abraham ; soon lost his fath.er (who, like his mother, had a good voice), and had little education until introduced tr the well-known vocalist, Leoni (Lee), b' whom he was insti-ucted in the rudiments o music and of singing. Apparently he firs sang in public (as ''Master Braham ") ii April, 1787, at Covent Garden, in an enter tainment given by his teacher. Many thei prophesied his future eminence. His firs appearance on the stage seems to hav been made at the Royalty Theatre in July' 1787, when (as "Master Abrahams") h represented Cupid in a burletta called ' Th Birthday.' When, in 1789, his voice brokf Braham set up as a teacher of the pianofortt By-and-by, his vocal poAvers returning, h' accepted, in 1794, an engagement at Batl where he became a pupil of llauzzini. Hi career as an adult actor dates from 179i. when he formed part of the cast of Storace, opera, 'Mahmoud,' at Drury Lane. In 17f he was engaged for Italian opera at th King's Theatre. He next embarked on Continental tour, from which he came bac- in 1801 to figure in Mazzinghi and Reeve ' Chains of the Heart.' This was foUowf by Dibdin's ' Cabinet ' (q.v.), in which (sa; E. F. Rimbault) Braham " was the compos' of all the music of his own part, a custom which he continued for several years adhere." Among the operas to which 1 thus contributed were (says the sar authority) 'Family Quarrels'' (1802), 'T! English Fleet' (1802), 'Thirty Thousan (1804), ' Out of Place ' (1805), ' False Alarir (1807), 'Kais ; or. Love in a Desert' (180 and ' The Devil's Bridge ' (1812). In 1805 joined the company at Drury Lane. Wh; Mozart's 'Clemenza di Tito' was first p' formed in this country (1806), Braham \\ the Sesto. He was the first English Max ' Der Freiscliutz ' (at the Lyceum in 185 and the original Si7' Huon in 'Oberon' Covent Garden in 1826). In 1835 he bl- and opened the St. James's Theatre, Ki Street— a speculation which proved dis trous to him financially. The last importf character essayed by him was that of Willi Tell in Rossini's opera at Drury Lane in IS " Those," wrote Hazlitt, "who first hear 1 Braham, are struck with a noble simplic and fervour in his manner of expressing ( tain emotions, in the eagerness with wh he seems to fling himself into his subj( disdaining the rules of art, like the C( batant who rushes without his armour to battle. The sounds he utters appear ton: his own bosom, or at other times, lingei fluttering accents on his lips. The comi nication between the voice and the feeli is immediate, instantaneous, irresistil and the language of music seems language of nature and passion. But w the sound becomes not only an echo to sense, but to itself^when the same altei • tion of bursts of heroic passion, and th ■ ings of sentimental tenderness, is constai ' played off upon u^e .Theatre was situated, determined to e^rect a new one in the heart of the city. A site in ^ng Street was selected, and there, on May SO, 1766, was opened a playhouse on which upwards of £5000 had been expended There was, however, still a strong local opposition to all theatres, and, as the new Sne was not licensed, the opening enter- toment was described as "a concert of S^sk," between the parts of which was eiven gratis «• a specimen of rhetoric -to wiita performance of ' The Conscious Lovers with Powell as young Be vil. Between 1.66 and 1770, Dodd. Mrs. Powell, Char es Hcd- fand, Baddeley. Edward Shuter, and Quick, all appeared at the Kmg Street 1 heatre In 1778 the building received the ro>al liJence! with all the advantages thereto attachhig. In 1817 J. B Watson became ftsmanaV- We read of visits paid to it successivlly by the elder Kean in ISlo by Slacready in 1819, by Munden in 1S21, by M?ss Foote in 1S23, by Miss Sniithsoii in 1831 by Charles Kean in 1842. by Buckstone in 1843, and by Miss H. Faucit, Cresss■^ck and M Ime. Celeste in 1848 In ISoo the ttock company included Mrs. William Robert- fon, Henry Mkrston, and MissMarle^Ml on ; in 1S53, it comprised George Rignold, Arthur Wood, and Miss Madge Robertson ; in ISb. Charles Coghlan. Miss Kate and Miss Ellen Terry also^had their early training here J H Chute iq.v.), who had managed the theSre for some years, died in 1S7S, and ^^|; succeeded by his sons George and James M Chute, who, in their turn, were followed in ISSl by A. Melville and in 1893 by John Barker. Bristol Diamonds. A farce in one act by JOHN OXENFORD (q.v.), first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, on August 11, 1862, with F. Matthews as Terr Mrulgeon, Mrs. F Matthews as Mrs Kerr Miul'ieon, and other parts by G. Bel- more. F. Charles, and Miss E. Turner. Bristol MerclxarLt (The). A play ascribed by Sir Henry Herbert in his 'Diary' (October 22, 1624) to lord and Decker, and described by him as ' for the Palsgrave's company." ■Rristol Trag-edy (The). A play by JoIn day! ptrfm-med^y tho Lord Admiral's servants in 1602; thought, to be identical with ' The Fair Maid of Bristol,' printed m 1605. •Rritain. (1) ' Britain's Brave Tars ; or, AU for S: Paul's:' a dramatic^ sketch, Covent Garden, 1797. (2) ' Britain s Glory ; or A Trip to Portsmouth:' a "dramatic comtilatiin" in one act, by Benson Hay- maXt Theatre,. 1794.. (3) ' Bntaui's Happi- ness ; ' a musical interlude by Peter MOTTEUX ('j.r\ " performed at both tb theatres," and printed in 1704. (4) 'Britain'; Jubilee:' a musical entertainment in tw( acts, by S. J. Arnold (g.r.), Lyceum The atre, London, 1809. The jubilee was that o the king. Britain, Benjamin, in Alber Smith's ' Battle of Life' (.q.v.'). Britannia. (1) ' Britannia's Honour : " magnificent shows," " in vented " by Thoma Dekker, and performed on October 2^ 16-^8, in celebration of the new Lord Mayo of London (Rici.ard Deane). (2) ' Britanni Triumphans :' a masque by Sir \\ .Davenan iq.v.) and INIGO Jones (g.t'O, presented 8 Whitehall, bv King Charles I. and his lord: on the Sunday after Twelfth-Night, 163" and printed in'that year. (3) ' Britannia an opera bv Thomas Lediard, perfonne at the Hay market in 1732. (4) ' Britannia or. The Roval Lovers : ' Goodman s Field; ^ 1733-4. (5) 'Britannia and Batavia:' masque bv George Lillo iq.v.), printed i 1740. (6) 'Britannia; or, The Gods i Council:' a dramatic poem by Robej" AVERY, printed in 1756. (7) A inasquel David Mallet iq.v.\ set to music by D: Arne iq.v.), and performed at Drury Lai, in nbb.— Britannia figures in J. S. Coyne- 'Buckstone at Home' iq.v.) and 'Novel Fair' iq.v.). ; Britannia Theatre. See Lond(; Theatres. ' Britannicus. (1) A tragedy by ; Ozell iq.v.), translated from the Fren' of Racine, and printed in 1714. (2) ■ tragedy by Sir Brooke Boothby. deriv from the same source, and printed in 1803' British Born. A drama, in a prolog, and three acts, by Paul Meritt iq.v.) a Henry Pettitt iq.v.), first performed the Grecian Theatre, London, on Octol 17 1872 with G. Conquest as Fred Fogg and Miss M. A. Victor as I^ancy Treat. . British Enchanters (The) ; or, 1 Mag-ic like Love. A tragedy by L(; L\NDSDOWNE, "acted at the Queens T._ atre in the Havmarket " in 1706, with a c including Verbruggen, Booth, Bowm: Betterton, Mrs. Barrj-, Mrs. Bracegiro Mrs. Bowman, Mrs. Porter ; revived in 1/. British Fortitude and Hiberni^ Friendship. A musical drama in ( act, by J. C. Cross, Covent Garden, 1(94^ British Heroine (The). See Giral OR, The Siege of Harlech. British Legion (The). A burlett.'. one act, by T. H Bayly (g.rO, hrst j • formed at the St. James's Theatre, Loud, on May 7, 163S, with a cast including » berry, Mrs. Honey, and Mrs. F. Matthev British Sailor (The) ; or, 1 ' Whimsical Ladies. A musical in • lude by John Bernard (^.r.), performec o Bath in 1786 and at Covent Garden in 1 • BRITISH SLAVE 209 BROKEN HEART mong the characters are Sir Jessamy ingle and Buckram. British Slave (The). A drama by . B. HOWE (q.v.). Briton (The). A tragedy by Ambrose HILIPS (q.v.), first performed at Drury ane on February 19, 1722, with Booth in le title part (Vanoc), Mrs. Booth as his aughter {Gwendolen), Mrs. Porter as his !Cond wife (Cartismand), Mills as Valens . Roman tribune), etc. Briton Chief (The). A tragedy by C. . Walker, performed in 1823. Briton, Colonel, in Mrs. Centlivre's Wonder' {q.v), is "a spirited and enter- lisin'g soldier of fortune" (Hazlitt), and le lover of Clara. Britons Roused ! An interlude, with )ngs, Covent Garden, May 16, 1798. Britons Strike Home. A ballad farce y Edward Philips, Drury Lane, 1739. Brittle, Barnahy and Mrs. Cha- icters in Betterton's ' Amorous Widow ' ■.V.) and in ' Barnaby Brittle ' {q.v). Brixton Burglary (The). A farcical imedy by F. W. Sidxey {q.v.), first per- jrmed at Terry's Theatre, London, De- 3raber 5, 1898, with a cast including Miss nnie Hughes, J. H. Barnes, J. Welch, F. ottschalk, etc. Broad Arrow (The). A drama in five cts, by Gerald Holcroft, Standard heatre, London, September 7, 1885. Broad but not Long-. A " comic ex- avaganza" played at Covent Garden in une, 1814. Broad Road (The). A play in three cts, by Robert Marshall ; Terry's The- tre, London, November 5, 1898, with Miss .shwell, W. L. Abingdon, INIartin Harvey, to. Broadacre, Mr. A country gentleman a Selby's ' My Friend and Major.' Broadbrim, Hezekiah. The cha- acter assumed by Harry Wilder in C. elby'S ' Little Sins and Pretty Sinners.' Broadcloth, in W. T. Moncrieff's Party Wall' (5. v.). Broadg-rin. A sergeant in G. H. jEWES' 'Lawyers' {q.v.). Broadhurst, Georg-e H. Playwright ; uthor of ' What Happened to Jones ' {q.v.), .nd other dramatic pieces. Broadlands. The name of C. Dance's Country Squire ' {q.v.). Broadsword. A corporal in E. FiTZ- iALL's 'Negro of Wapping.' Brock, Adam. A wealthy farmer in :'LANCHE's ' Charles XII.' {q.v.). Brodie, Matthew. Actor, born 1863 ; vas in the original casts of 'A Brave Joward' (1886), 'Handfast' (1887), 'Ca- lumny ' (1889). ' In a Day ' (1890), ' The White Rose ' (1892), ' Robert Burns ' (1896), etc. Broken Bail. A drama in three acts, by G. L. Gordon {q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, on June 14, 1878. ' Broken Bonds. A drama in five acts, by Alfred C. Calmour {q.v.), first per- formed at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, on November 14, 1883, with a cast including Miss Ada Cavendish, Miss Rose Roberts, Miss Gladys Homfrey, Miss R. Kenney, Mark Quinton, E. Beecher, etc. Broken Branch (The). An opera- bouffe in three acts, adapted from 'La Branche Cass^e,' libretto by F. H. Du Terreaux, music by Gaston Serpette, first performed at the Op^ra Comique, London, on August 22, 1874, with a cast comprising Madame Pauline Rita, Miss Pattie Laverne, Miss Adelaide Newton, Mrs. Power, etc. Broken Chain (The) ; or, The Lady of Nuremberg-. A play performed at Surrey Theatre, London, in October, 1838, with E. F. Savile and Mrs. H. Vining in the cast. Broken Fetters. (1) A play in one act, by Charles Thursby, Matim^e Theatre, London, July 22, 1897. (2) A play by Charles Townsend, produced in U.S. A. Broken Gold (The). A ballad opera by C. DiBDiN {q.v.), performed at Drury Lane on February 8, 1806. " A naval officer and his mistress break gold at their parting, as a pledge of their constancy." Broken Heart (The). A tragedy by John Ford ((/.v.), performed " by the King's- Majesty's Servants" at Blackfriars, and printed in 1633 ; revived by the Elizabethan Stage Society at St. George's Hall, London, on the evening of June 11, 1898, under the direction of W. Poel, and with Miss Calhoun {q.v.) as Calantha and Miss Virginia Carlyle as Panthea. The "broken heart "is that of Calantha, who, while presiding at some court revels, hears in quick succession of- the death of her father (the King of La- conia), of the starving of Penthea (sister of Ithocles), and, finally, of the murder of Ithodes, her lover, who has been lured into a chair with secret springs, and there stabbed by an enemy {Orgilus). " She finishes the dance, as if nothing particular had hap- pened. In the next scene she places a wedding-ring on the dead finger of Ithocles. She then dies of a Broken Heart " (Genest). " I do not know," says Charles Lamb, " where to find, in any play, a catastrophe so grand, so solemn, and so surprising as this. This is indeed, according to Milton, to ' describe high passions and high actions.' The fortitude of the Spartan boy who let a beast gnaw out his bowels till he died with- out expressing a groan, is a fainfc^ bodily image of this dilaceration of the spirit and exenteration of the inmost mind, which Calantha, with a holy violence against her nature, keeps closely covered, till the last duties of a wife and a queen are fulfilled." BROKEN HEART 210 BROME According to the prologue, the story of the piece had some foundation in fact— "What mav be here thought Fiction, when time;s youth Wanted some riper years, was known a Iruth. Broken Heart (The). See Agnes de Broken Hearts. A fairy play by ^\. S. Gilbert (q.v.), first performed at the Court Theatre, London, on December 9, 1875 with Miss INI. Robertson (Mrs. Kendal) as the Lady Hilda, Mi^s Hollingshead as the Lady Vavir, IVIiss Rorke as the Lady Amanthk W. H. Kendal as Prince Florian, and G. AV. Anson as Mousta. It was repre- sented in the English provinces in IS. b oy a company including Miss R. Leclercq as Hilda, Miss Florence Terry a.s ^avlr, J. D. Beveridge as Florian, and F INIarshall as Mousta. It was performed (for a benefat) at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on December 14, 1885, with Mrs. E. Saker as Lady Hilda, Miss Kate Vaughan as Lady Vavir, Miss J. Gwynne as Lady Melusine, Hermann Vezin as Mousta, and W. Herbert as Prince Florian; and at the Savoy Ihe- atre, London, on June 21, 1?S2, on the occasion of the farewell of INIiss Florence Terry, who played Vavir to the Hilda ot Miss M. Terry, the Meludne of Miss Julia Gwvnne, the Amanthis of ^Ii^s lortescue the'Floria7i of Kyrle Bellew, and the Mousta of Frank Thornton. It was produced at the Madison Square Theatre, ^'^w Vork and burlesqued by A. CLEMENTS and F. Ha\ m •Cracked Heads' {g.v.). Broken Life (A). See Chris. Broken Lily (The). A drama, in pro- loc^ue and three acts, by E. Towers, Last London Theatre, December 24, 187S. Broken Melody (The). A play in three acts, by Herbert Keen and James T Tanner (q.v.), produced at the Prince ot Wales's Theatre, London, on July 2S, 1S92, with a cast including INIiss Olga Brandon, Miss B. Horlock, W. L. Abingdon, and Au^uste Van Biene ; first performed in Am'erica at the American Theatre, ^ew York, November 5, 1896. Broken Pearls. A drama in four acts, by W. J. ARCHER, City of London Theatre, June 10, 1867. Broken Seal (The). See Vill.^gb Priest. Broken Spells. A play by Westland Marston (q.v.) and W. G Wills (g.i'.), first performed at the Court Theatre, London, on March 27, 1872, with Miss Ada Cavendish as Estelle, Miss Maggie Brennan as Lusette, Hermann Vezin as Bertrand d'Etanqes, A. Bishop as Cyj^rien d'Evreux, and other parts by W. H. Fisher, H. Leigh, and Mrs. Stephens. The "broken spells are those which Bertrand seeks to cast over Estelle, but which she is twice successful in resisting. Broken String (The). A musical episode, written by Alfred C. Calmour, and first performed at the Theatre Ro , Richmond, on December 14, 1896. Broken Sword (The). A melodriii in two acts, bv W. Dimond (5.V.), adaii from ' La Valfee du Torrent,' and first •• formed at Covent Garden on Octobe , 1816. Broken Ties. A domestic draTn!,n two acts, adapted by J. Palgrave Simf h Iq.v.) from ' La Fiammina ' of Mario Uch I, and first performed at the Olympic ' s- atre, London, on June 8, 1872, with Mc j. Beatrice as La Silvia, a prima donna, has left her husband and son, Lionel d Herbert Warner, in order to prosecute ;r artistic career unfettered. Years af terw .s her identity is divulged to Herbert, an'^e is the means of bringing his parents )• gether again. In the original cast I. Sinclair was Lionel, and other parts ' -e taken by T. N. Wenman, W. H. Verno: f. S. Wood, etc. Broken to Harness. A dr:i, founded by Mervyn Dall.\s upon Edn d Yates's novel of the same name, and st performed at the Theatre Royal, Brigl 1, on June 30, 1S83. Broken Toys. A drama in two s, by John Daly (.q.v.), first performe it Sadler's Wells on November 4, 1S50, ;h Hoskins as Daxintless, A. Younge as ^ m Winter, H. Mellon as Mr. Colddraici 1 Wheatleish as Jasper, F. Younge as C s, and Miss^E. Traver.s as Katherine ; re' id at the INIarylebone Theatre, Londoi in 1853. Broken Vow (The). See SEXTt V. and Bel Demonic. Broken Vows ; or, Love's < q- flicts. A drama in four acts, by Ed\ id Towers, East London Theatre, Feb: ry 18, 1871. Broken-hearted Club (The). A comedietta by J. Stirling Coyne, -st Eerformed at the Haymarket Th( re, ondon, on January 16, 1868. Broker of Bogota (The). A pi by R. M. Bird, in the repertories of i m Forrest and John M'Cullogh. Brome, Alexander. Poet and ly- Wright, born 1620 died June, 1666 ; a or of ' The Cunning Lovers,' a comedy ib- lished in 1654. Brome, Richard, dramatist, wa he author of the following plays, pubUsh in one volume in 1653 :— ' A Mad Couple eU Matched' [or 'Met'], 'The Novella' he Court Beggar,' 'The City Wit,' and lie Damoiselle ; ' also of the following, vo- lished in one volume in 1659 :— ' The Ei isn Moor,' ' The Love-Sick Court,' ' The V^ e ng of the Covent Garden,' ' The New Acad ly, and 'The Queen and Concubine;' a,ot the following, published (with the s ve- named, in three volumes) in 1873 :- ne Northern Lass,' 'The Sparagus Gain, ' The Antipodes," ' A Jovial Crew, na BROMIA 211 BROOKE [The Queen's Exchange.' To these have 1) be added ' Christianetta,' ' The Jewish Gentleman,' and 'The Love-Sick Maid,' Scribed to Brome in the books of the Stationers' Company between 1640 and 1653. iSVit in a Madness' is also attributed to !im. He wrote with Ben Jonson, jun., 'A ault in Friendship,' and, with Thomas Hey- ood, ' The Late Lancashire \yitches,' ' The ife and Death of Sir Martin Skink,' and The Apprentice's Prize.' All these pieces re mentioned separately elsewhere in this )lume. Brome was in early life servant Ben Jonson, who refers to the fact in lies prefixed to ' The Northern Lass,' 1652 ; 3 is mentioned as Jonson's "man" in the duction to ' Bartholomew Fair ' (1614), and 3 himself, in some verses on Beaumont and letcher, writes of Jonson as "the master his art and me." One of his first dramatic lorts, if not the first (says A. W. Ward), as that which he produced in collaboration |ith Jonson's son (1623). Jonson spoke of tmas having learned his craft well — "And for it serv'd his time— A prentiship which few do nowadayes." 18 died, it seems probable, in 1652. See le 'BiographiaDramatica' (1812), Genest's Wish Stage' (1832), Halliwell's ' Dic- mary of Old Plays' (1860), A. W. Ward's :nglish Dramatic Literature ' (1875), the )ictionary of National Biography ' (1886), eay's ' Biographical Chronicle of the Eng- h Drama' (1891). Bromia. Wife of Sosia, in Dryden's mphitryon ' (g.v.). Bromley, Fox, in Westland Mar- ON'S 'Favourite of Fortune ' (q.v.). jBromley, Nelly. Actress ; was the *ginal representative of the following (and ler) parts -.-—Dolly Mayflower in Burnand's lack-Eyed Susan ' (1866), Nimble Ned in rnand's ' Claude Duval ' (1868), Praline > Patoche in ' Nemesis ' (1873), Edith Land- . I in Reece's ' May ' (1874), Verdurette in -rnie's ' El Dorado ' (1874), The Plaintiff in jrial by Jury ' (1875), Mrs. Graham in 'The jeat Divorce Case' (1876), Venus in the ^rlesque so named (1879), Mrs. Darling in ittle Miss Muff et ' (1882). Mrs. L' Estrange - ' Bondage ' (1883), and Constance Loring •■ 'Freedom ' (1883). Among other roles in ■ ich she has appeared in London are Lady ■ inces in ' The Belle's Stratagem' (Strand ' eatre, 1874), the Prince of Popoli in ' The ] gands ' (Globe Theatre, 1875), and Betsy 1 Burnand's farce (Criterion Theatre, 1882). Jronze, in Morton's ' Cure for the Jartache'(g.t).). Jronze Horse (The). The title given tthe English versions and adaptations of ! Cheval Bronze,' an opera by Scribe and -ber, produced in Paris in March, 1835. ( An operatic drama in two acts, by E. J'ZBALL {q.v.), first performed at Covent '•den on December 14, 1835, with Miss ^|ndham as the Princess Margelia, Miss Jpm as Peki, Mrs. Battersby as Kao Jan, Vale as Ping Sing, Collins as Zamna, J. Webster as Koyan, etc. In this version new songs were introduced, the words being by Fitzball, and the music by G. H. Rod- well. (^2) The opera itself was produced in various forms at several London theatres in 1836, being given at Drury Lane with the entire score. (3) A pantomime called ' The Bronze Horse,' by R. Soutar and C. Merion, was performed at the Victoria Palace, London, in December, 1871. (4) In July, 1881, an extravaganza, entitled 'The Bronze Horse,' founded on the opera, and written by Howard Paul {q.v.), was per- formed at the Alhambra, London, with Harry Paulton (the Great Bamboo), Fred Leslie {Prince Zoko), Louis Kelleher (//a?i/fo). Miss Alice May {Sou-Sou), and Miss Fannie Leslie {Peki) in the cast. Bronzely, in Mrs. Inchbald's ' Wives as they Were' (q.v.). Brooke, Arthur (died 1563). Author of 'The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet' (1562), translated and adapted by him from the ' HistoiiesTragiquesextraictes des (Euvres de Bandel' [Bandello] which had appeared in Paris in 1559. From this piece of rhymed verse Shakespeare derived material for his 'Romeo and Juliet' (g.j;.). Turberville (in 1567) wrote of the poem that Brooke showed " his cunning p became inevitable, with more tranquil f( • tude than he." For fuller biographical'- tails, see the ' Memoir' prefixed to the fr part of an edition of Shakespeare issuet / the London Printing and Publishing C(,» 1854, Vandenhoff's 'Reminiscences' (1 'i BROOKE 213 BROOKS V Coleman's 'Playwrights and Players' <;8S) ; also, the memoir by W. J. Lawrence (^92). "It is a pity," wrote Henry Morley iSeptember, 1853, "that he should prefer tact Shakespeare rather than a good, rant- if, roaring melodrama, which he would ^y admirably" ('Journal of a London :b,ygoer'). In October, 1853, G. H. Lewes v)te : " lam neither surprised nor swayed ll Brooke's success. I see in him the jvgnificent half of an actor, perhaps even <-nsidering acting as representation, and tit in representation the means are even J. re important than the intellect) one may i' two-thirds of an actor ; a noble person, ajowerful voice, immense physical energy {d a certain breadth of style, 'if style ican be called Avhich style is none,' an 4cution careful (somewhat too careful), ii a thorough familiarity with stage busi- ]^3 and stage tradition : these are his *ilities" ('Dramatic Essays'). "lie was ^ery fair actor," writes Helen Faucit, *)Ome thought, a very good one ; but never <(ild be distinguished in his art because <|hi3 want of true dramatic instinct and iigination. He would accept an idea m others gladly, but would not take the uble to work it out for himself." Brooke, Henry. Playwright and mis- claneous writer, born about 1703, died is ; educated at Trinity College, Dublin ; ithor of the following dramatic pieces :— 'ustavus Vasa; or, 'The Deliverer of hi^ ewGoveine.s and ' The Witrwam ;' also, part-author, ^vith Mark Lemoi^ of ' Number Nip ' (1854), and ?vHh John Oxenf ord, of « Timour the Tartar (1861). Brooks, Mrs. [n^e Watson]. Actress ; appe °r?d at the Haymarket in 1786 as Lady Toimley in ' The Provoked Husband. " Broom, broom, the bonny broom!" First line of a song in Fletcher's ' Loyal Subject {q.v.). Brother against Brother. A drama in five acts, by Frank Harvey, farst per- formed at the Lyceum Theatre, Ipswich, August 10, 1895; Lyric Theatre, Hammer- smith, March 23, 1896 ; Forepaughs The- atre, Philadelphia, U.S.A., March 23, 1896. Brother and Bride. , A drama in four acts, adapted from Scott's ' Bride of Lam- mermoor' {q.v.\ and performed at the ,OrympTcTheitre:NewYork(afterp5),wit^ George Jordan as Edgar; described as a queer compound of Palgrave Simpsons 'Master of Ravenswood' [g.u-] and an old Sadler's Wells drama by George Almar. The great effect of the play was in the third act, where Edga r, hunted by Douglas Ashton, Hayston, and Cmigengelt, plunges into a cataract of real water." Brother and Sister. A "comic ope- ratic drama" in two acts, the libretto by W DiMOND (q.v.), the music by Bishop and Reeve; founded on Patrat's ' L'Heureuse Erreur,' and first performed at Covent Garden on February 1, 1815. with Miss Stephens, Mrs. Egerton, and Duruset in the principal parts. See MATCH FOR A Widow and Widow's \ ow. Brother Ben. A farce in one act, by J Maddison Morton (r^.v.), first performed at Covent Garden, with Bartley as Coin- ojiodore Cutlass, C. Mathews as Benjamin Bowles, Harley as Mr. Snuffleton, Mrs. Brougham as 3[rs. Cutlass, and Miss Lee as Mrs. Bouies. Brother Bill and Me. A farce in one act by W. E. SUTER (q.v.), first performed in August, 1858, with J. L. Toole as Benj. Wiogles and J. Billington as William hig- gles; revived at the Princess's in 1875. See Noodle and Squib. Brother Bob. A play by /• B. John- stone (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London. Brother George. A comic opera in three acts, words by Frank Desprez, music bv P. Bucalossi. Theatre Royal, Portsmouth, May 16, 1892. Brother John. A play by Martha :SIORTON (q v.\ first performed at the Star Theatre, New York City, March 20, 1893. / Brother Of&cers. A comedy in tl ; acts, by Leo Trevor, first performed at j Garrick Theatre, London, on October , 1S98, with Arthur Bourchier, J.D.Beveric , Allan Aynesworth, and Miss Violet ^ • brugh in the leading parts. Brother Pelican. See Falka. Brother Sam. A comedy by Ja Oxenford (q.v.), adapted from a play 7 Gorner, and first performed at the I . market Theatre, London, on May 24, 1 ., with E. A. Sothern as the Hon. SamSliii >j (brother of Lord Dundreary, q.v.), J. . Buckstone as Jonathan Rumbeloio (unci f Sam), H. Compton and Mrs. Chippendal s Mr. and Ilrs. Trimbush, and Miss IS y Moore as Alice. Sam, to please his uii, pretends that he is married— ^Kce, loves him, consenting to pass for a tims his wife. But the deception cannot Ion e maintained, and it ends in Sam and ^>i becoming united in very deed. Alice is 'e younger sister of Mrs. Trimbush. The je was revived at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon i, on August 8, 1885. Brother Tom. A farce by J. B.B:;. stone (q.v.). Brother's liife (A). A play bj '. Gordon (q.v.). Brother's Love (A). A tragic pla.y John Coleman and Charles Swain, ie Self-Accusation. Brothers. (1) A play by C. F, CoGi n (q.v.), first performed at the Court The e, London, on November 4, 1876, with . \a Hare and H. B. Conway in the title pa - Sir Francis and Fred Meredith ; Miss J m Terry as the heroine— E'a^e Hungerj I; and other roles by C Kelly, G. W Ai n, I^Iiss HoUingshead, Mrs. Gaston Mu y, etc. (2) 'Brothers; or, A Plunge m le Dark : ' a drama in four acts, by^ J. Lipthwaite, Marylebone Theatre, ^c n- ber 25, 1885. (3) 'Brothers : ' a dran in four acts, by R. T. Sager, Mechf ; s Institute, Barnoldswick, July 17, 1897. Brothers (The). (1) A corned oy James Shirley (q.v.), licensed m Ncn- ber, 1826, acted at Blackfriars, and pr ea in 1652. (2) A tragedy by Edward \ >G ((] v.\ first performed at Drury Lan )n March 3, 1753, with Garrick and Moss in the title parts (Demetrins and Per s), Berry as their father (Philip of Maa 1), jNIiss Bellamy as Erixene, etc. The ry is based on history, and Genest pouii ui that in the third act the author bo: ffs directly from Livy. Demetrius and L\ ne love each other ; but Phili]) commanc be former to wed the daughter of D] i"- Demetrius appears to consent, and -ftr. if, in anger, marries Perseus,^ who also es her. Demetrius then explains, and Lr <^, in despair, kills herself, i>/»^^f^";,« 'fJ; wards following her example. The a or devoted the profits of three benefits 1 a further sum, making in all flOOp, t .ne propagation of the gospel in foreign i»- BROTHERS OF BLUTHAUPT 215 BROUGH 3) A comedy by Richard Cumberland q.v.], first performed at Covent Garden in" December 2, 1769, with Clarke and Smith Is the elder and younger brothers Belfield, kirs. Yates as Sophia Dove, Mrs. Bulkley as '/'ioletta, Mrs. INIattocks as Lucy Waters, ifates as Sir Benjamin Dove, Mrs. Green iiS Lady Dove, and Woodward as Captain ironsides. The Belfields are both in love vith Sophia, whose heart is given to the ounger, until Lucy tells her that the 'ounger is engaged to her. Then Sophia Dromises to marry the elder; but in the isnd it is discovered that the elder is jjready married to Violetta. Sophia and 3elfield, jun., then pair off. Sir Benjamin md Lady Dove are minor characters. (4) L burletta in one act, by T. Egerton Wilks ff.v.), first performed at the St. James's nieatre, London, with Mrs. Stirling in the litle parts, Gossamer Gadfly and Edunn 7ere Gadfly, a count and a student ; Ox- jerry as Tassal, valet to Gossamer; and kliss J. Mordaunt as Rose Eversley. (5) A tomedy in three acts, by John Brockbank, irheatre Royal, Cambridge, August 7, 1875. 6) A play in one act, by Henry Byatt, vaudeville Theatre, London, IMarch 10, 1887. 7) ' Brothers in Arms : ' drama, Grand Theatre, Stalybridge, September 3, 1894. [_ Brothers of Bluthaupt (The). See Three Red Men. ' Broug-hjPanny Whiteside. Actress; laughter of R. B. Brough(g.v.) and Eliza- ;3etli Romer ; born 1854 ; appeared at Man- chester in 1869, under the management of Charles Calvert, as a fairy in a pantomime vritten by her uncle, William Brough {q-v.). liVith Calvert she stayed for three seasons, n the course of which she played Ophelia the Hamlet of Barry Sullivan {q.v.). Her Ubut in London was made at the St. James's Oieatre in October 15, 1870, as Fcrnande in -he play so named (q.v.)- She was also the briginal, at the same house, of Fanny Park- uouse in Albery's 'Two Thorns' (1871) and Lotte in T. W. Robertson's ' War ' (1871). [imong the many ' ' original " parts played )y her in London since the last-named date ire— lYed Oicen in ' The World ' (1880), Nor ah Fitzgerald in ' Harvest ' (1886), Nellie in Civil War' (1887), Mrs. Carr in 'Devil IJaresfoot' (1887), Geraldine in 'Pleasure' 1887), 3[a7-y in ' Little Lord Fauntleroy ' 1889), Mrs. Silvester in 'Our Flat' (1889), :icely in 'Marjorie' (1889), Patty in 'The loyal Oak' (1SS9), Mrs. Horton in 'Dr. Bill' 1890), Hetty in ' A Million of Money ' (1890), Badalia in ' The Gifted Lady ' (1891), Mar- jery in * A Sailor's Knot ' (] 891), Mrs. Egerton Bompas in ' The Times ' (1891), Dorcas in The Prodigal Daughter ' (1892), Lottie in A Woman's Revenge ' (1893), Mrs. Othello n the piece so named (1893), Mrs. Dexter n the farce so named (1894), Lady Markby n ' An Ideal Husband' (1895), Dr. Prender- last in 'The Blue Boar' (1895), Mrs. Ben pixon in 'The Prude's Progress' (1895), hady Hilyard in 'Cheer, Boys, Cheer' |1895), and Mrs. Murgatroyd in ' A Mother |)f Three ' (1836). Miss Brough has also ap- peared in London in the followino; (among many such) r6les:—Fuschia Leach in ' :\Ioths' (1887). Maud in 'The AVife's Secret' (18SS), the Bar onyie de Pre font in ' The Ironmaster' (1888), Letty in 'Master and Man' (1889), Arethusa in 'The Member for Slocum' (1891), the Baronne de Cambri in ' Frou- Frou ' (1S90), Enid in ' Our Regiment ' (1S91), Mrs. Opdyke in ' The Henrietta ' (1891), Mrs. Stuart Cross in ' The Late Lamented ' (1891), 3[rs. Poskett in 'The Magistrate' (1892), See Intruders. Broug-h, Lionel. Actor; born at Pontypool, Monmouth, March 10, 1836 ; son of Barnabas Brough (q.v.) ; made his first appearance on the stage in December, 1854, at the Lyceum Theatre, London, as Count Carboniferous in 'Prince Prettypet and the Butterfly ' (q.v.). At the same theatre in 1858 he was in the original casts of Robert Brough's 'Siege of Troy ' (g.i'.) and Falconer's 'Francesca' (q.v.). In 1864 he went to Liverpool as a member of the com- pany of the Prince of Wales's Theatre, whence he passed successively to the Amphi- theatre and Alexandra Theatre in that city. In 1867 he returned to London to undertake the part of Dard in ' The Double Marriage ' (q.v.) at the Queen's Theatre. Since that date he has been the first representative of the following (and other) characters : — Ben Garner in 'Dearer than Life' (1868), Sparroio in ' Time and the Hour ' (1868), Bumble in 'Oliver Twist' (1868), Spotty in ' The Lancashire Lass ' (1868), Count Roberto- in ' La Vivandi^re ' (1868), the Stranger in 'The Stranger Stranger than Ever' (1868), Joe Triggs in 'Not Guilty' (1869), Com- mander Jarbi in ' Fernande' (1870), Granby Gay in 'Jenny Lind at Last' (1871), Sir Kidd Parkhouse in 'Coquettes' ('Two Thorns,' 1871), Black Brandon in Burnand's ' My Poll and My Partner Joe' (1871), Baron de Gondremarcke in 'La Vie Parisienne in London ' (1872), Valentine in Herve's 'Doctor Faust' (1872), Auricomus in 'Babil and Bijou' (1872), Bibb in 'Bibb and Tucker' (1873), Blue Beard in Farnie's extravaganza (1875), Major Gunne Cotton in ' Tantalus ' 1878), Claude in Younge's 'Lady of Lyons' (1879), Don JosS in ' Carmen ; or. Sold for a Song' (1879), Dick Luttrell in 'Light and Shade' (1879), Laurent XVII. in 'La Mas- cotte ' (1881), Lambertuccio in ' Boccaccio ' (1882), Nick Vedder in Planquette's 'Rip Van Winkle' (1882), Baron Von Gondre- marcke in 'La Vie' (1883), the Beadle in Planquette's 'Nell Gwynne' (1SS4), Bill Booty in 'The Babes' (1884), Mr. Busby in 'The Paper-chase '(1888), Hide and Seekyll in Grossmith's burlesque so named (1888), Nick Nicolas in ' Mignonette ' (1889), Van- derkoopen in 'La Cigale' (1S90), Beppo in ' The Baroness ' (1892), Habakuk in ' Once upon a Time ' (1894), Murgatroyd in ' A Bunch of Violets' (1894), M'Alister in 'Trilby' (1895), Sergeant Tarmer in 'The Strange Adventures of Miss Brown ' (1895), Rameses in ' The Mummy ' (1896). Among other parts played by Lionel Brough axe- Tony Lumpkin (St. James's, 1869, Opera BROUGH 216 BROUGHAM Comique, 1887), Captain John Smith in ' La Belle Sauvage ' (St. James's, 1869), Paul Pry (St. James's, 1870), Dan in ' John Bull' (Gaiety, 1873), Scrub in 'The Beaux' Stra- tagem ' and Ollapod in ' The Poor Gentle- man ' (Imperial, 1879), Touchstone (Imperial, 1880), Croaker in ' Good - Natured Man ' (Imperial, 1881), Drornio o/J?p/ies!fs (Alexan- dra, Liverpool, 1881), Boh Acres (Haymarket, 1884, and Op^ra Comique. 1887), Snug in ' Midsummer Night's Dream ' (Haymarket, 1887), Lutiain ' The Wicked World ' (Savoy, 1883), Bardolph (Crystal Palace, 1888, and Haymarket, 1896), the burglar in ' Editha's Burglar' (Globe, 1888), Host of the Garter in ' The Merry Wives ' (Haymarket, 1889), Brisemouche in 'A Scrap of Paper' (Prince of Wales's, 1892), and Dominie Crockett in ' Little Miss Nobody ' (Lyric Theatre, 1898). Broug-hj RolDert. Actor, son of Robert Barnabas Brough ; was in the first cast of ' A Thread of Silk ' (Crystal Palace, 1881), 'Little Robin Hood' (Gaiety Theatre, Lon- don, 1882), and 'Silver Guilt' (Strand The- atre, London, 1883). He played Zapeter in 'Princess Toto,' and Major McTurtle in • Mother-in-Law,' at the Op^ra Comique in 1881 ; also, Vulcan in Rose and Harris's burlesque so named at the same theatre in 1882. Of late years he has been engaged as actor and manager in Australia. Broug-h, Robert Barnabas. Play- wright and miscellaneous writer, born April, 1828 ; died June, 1S60 ; sole author of the fol- lowing dramatic pieces :—' The Moustache Movement' (1854), 'The Overland Journey to Constantinople as undertaken by Lord Bateman' (1854), 'Medea; or. The Best of Mothers ' (1856), ' Crinoline ' (1S56), ' Masa- niello ; or. The Fish'oman of Naples ' (1857), 'The Siege of Troy' (1858), 'Alfred the Great ' (1859), ' Open to Conviction ' (1870), ' The Doge of Duralto,* ' Kensington Gar- dens ' (an adaptation), and ' The Twelve Labours of Hercules.' He wrote, with his brother William, 'The Enchanted Isle' (1S4S), ' Camaralzaman and Badoura '(1848), * Frankenstein ' (1849), ' The Sphinx ' (1849), 'The Latest Edition of Ivanhoe' (1850), ' Richard Cujur de Lion ' (1S53) ; with R. Reece, ' Ulf the Minstrel' (1860) ; and, with H. Sutherland Edwards, ' Mephistopheles ; or. An Ambassador from Below' {q.v.). Among his publications was ' A Cracker Bonbon for Christmas Parties, consisting of Christmas Pieces for Private Representa- tion,' three in number. R. B. Brough married Elizabeth Romer (q.v.) in 135 1. See memoir by G. A. Sala prefixed to ' Marston Lynch ' (1860), ' Reminiscences of an Old Bohemian,' E. Yates's ' Recollections.' See Brough, Fa>'ny and Robert. Broug-h, Sidney. Actor ; son of Lionel Brough {q.v.) ; was in the first cast of ' Civil War ' (1887), ' Nitocris ' (1887), ' In- cognito ' (1888), ' Why Women Weep ' (1888), 'Held Asunder' (1888), and 'The Paper Chase ' (1888). Since then he has been the original Wilfred in 'The Profligate' (1»89), Dick in ' A Pair of Spectacles ' (la90), Ned Annesley in ' Sowing the Wind' (1893 Sir Thomas Dovergreen in 'The Rogue Comedy ' (1896), and the Chevalier Moffat i ' The Vagabond King' (1897), besides bein in the first cast of ' Robin Goodfellow (1893), 'Dick Sh^dan' (1894), 'The Horn Secretary' (1895), 'The Happy Life '(1897 etc. He has also been seen in London a Charles in 'Our Boys '(1^87), the Duke c Mull in 'Moths' (1890), Charles Oakley i ' The Jealous Wife ' (1892), etc. Brougrh, "William. Playwright an miscellaneous writer, born April, 1826 ; die March, 1870 ; author of the following dr; matic pieces :— ' Apartments ' (1831), ' Prim Prettypet and the Butterfly' (1854), 'Bon; Fide Travellers ' (1854), ' La Belle Alliance (1854), 'Perdita; or. The Royal Milkmaic (1856), ' Conrad and Medora' (1856), 'Dinora under Diflficulties ' (1359), 'The Sylphidr (1860), 'Perseus and Andromeda' (1861. 'Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia' (1862' 'King Arthur ; or. The Days and Knigh of the Round Table ' (1863), ' Hercules ar Omphale; or, The Power of Love' (186^ ' Ernani ; or, The Horns of a Dilemmi' (1865), 'Prince Amabel' (1865). 'Papill netta ' (1866), ' Pygmalion ; or. The Stati Fair ' (1867), 'Kind to a Fault ' (1S67), 'Ti Caliph of Bagdad ' (1867), ' The Field of tl Cloth of Gold' (1868), 'The Gnome Kin (1868), ' Turko the Terrible ' (1868), 'Joan Arc ; or. The Maid of All He 'Uns' (1861 ' The Flying Dutchman ; or. The Demi Seaman ' (1869), 'ITrying it On ' (ISi^O) ; als of 'A Comical Countess,' 'Endymion; c The Naughty Boy who Cried for the Mooi ' Jhe Great Sensation Trial ; or, Circui stantial Effie-Deans,' 'How to make Hor Happy,' ' Lalla Rookh,' ' No. 1 Round t Corner,' ' A Phenomenon in a Smock Free etc. He wrote several pieces in coUaboi tion with his brother, Robert B. Brou. (q-v.). With Dr. Franck he ^vTote 'Kicksa Halfpence' and 'The Tale of a Coat' (185; and, with A. Halliday (Duff), ' The Censu (1861), ' The Colleen Bawn Settled at Lai (1862), 'An April Fool' (1864), 'The Ai Belle' (1861). 'The Actor's Retreat' (186 ' Doing Banting ' (1864), ' Going to t Dogs' (1865), 'The Mudborough Electio, ' My Heart's in the Highlands,' ' The Pre Horsebreaker,' 'Upstairs and Downstau • A Valentine,' etc. Broug-ham, John. Actor and pi; Wright, born in Dublin, May 9, 1810; d in New York on June 7, 1880 ; was educal at Trinity College in his native city, a for a time " walked" the Peter Street H pital there. His first appearance as an ac was made in July, 1830, at the Tottenh (afterwards Prince of Wales's) Theatre 'Tom and Jerry,' in which he enacted, says, " some twelve or fourteen parts." 1831 he was engaged by Mdme. Vestris the Olympic, whence he went with her Covent Garden. In 1S40 he became mana , of the Lyceum, retiring from it in 1842 order to' make his American debut as actor at the Park Theatre, New Yc Alter this came a starring tour throi . BROUGHAM 217 BROUGHTON he States, followed by an engagement at L kurton's Tlieatre, and by a term of manage- fient at Niblo's Garden, New York. On i)ecember 23, 1850, Brougham opened the heatre, named after himself, in Broadway, 'ircumstances, however, made the specula- ion a failure. Going in July, 1856, to the lowery, he revived there ' King John.' He ext joined Wallack's company, after which e rejoined Burton's. In September, 1860, e went to England, where he remained for ve years, returning to America in October, IB65, when he made his rentree at the Winter »j ifarden Theatre, New York. He afterwards vent to the Olympic, to Wallack's, and so jrth. On January 25, 1869, he opened a acond " Brougham's Theatre " (on the site f the present Madison Square playhouse), •ut retired from its control in the April allowing. From that date till his death e was connected with stock companies in few York, his last appearance taking lace at Booth's Theatre on October 25, 379. "His rank among actors," writes ruiiam Winter, "it is difficult to assign, [e excelled in humour rather than in athos or sentiment, and was at his best 1 the expression of comically eccentric baracter. Among the parts that will live ,1 the memory, as associated with his name, •re Stout in ' ]\Ioney,' Dennis Brulgruddery \\ 'John Bull,' Sir Lucius O'Trigger in The Rivals,' Cuttle, Micawber, Bagstock, 'Grady in ' Arrah-na- Pogue,' Dazzle in London Assurance,' Cajitain Murphy Ma- tare in 'The Serious Family,' and 0' Calla- han in ' His Last Legs.' His animal spirits, ash, vigour, and brilliancy, in these parts, ■ere great ; he entered deeply into their oirit ; he could be consciously joyous or nconsciously droll ; he was never for an istant out of the stage picture ; and he 3oke the language witli delicious purity." lis, first dramatic composition was a bur- i'sque for W. E. Burton, written about i31. Between 1840 and 1842 he wrote Life in the Clouds,' ' Love's Livery,' ' En- 'lusiasm,' and 'Tom Thumb the Second;' etween 1842 and 1850, ' Bunsby's Wedding,' The Confidence Man,' ' Don Cfesar tie assoon,' ' Vanity Fair,' ' The Irish Yankee,' Benjamin Franklin,' 'All's Fair in Love,' The Irish Emigrant,' ' Dombey and Son ' Captation), ' The Haunted JNIan,' ' Home,' nd ' Ambrose Germaine ; ' between 1850 and ^56, ' The World's Fair,' ' Faustus,' ' The pirit of Air,' 'Row at the Lyceum,' and i.vo adaptations—' David Coppertield ' and The Actress of Padua ; ' between 1856 and 560, 'The Pirates of the Mississippi,' 'The .ed Mask,' ' Orion, the Gold Beater,' ' Tom ad Jerry in America,' ' The Miller of New ersey,' ' The Game of Love,' ' Bleak House ' idaptation), ' My Cousin German,' ' A 'ecided Case,' 'The Game of Life,' 'Poca- ontas,' 'Neptune's Defeat,' 'Love and ,Iurder,' 'Romance and Reality,' 'The .; Luling Passion,' 'Playing with Fire,' ' Co- imbus,' 'This House to be Sold,' etc.; letween 1860 and 1865, ' The Duke's Motto,' 'Bel Demonio,' ' The Mystery of Audley Jourt,' and ' Only a Clod '—all adaptations — ' While there's Life there's Hope,' ' The Might of Right,' ' The Golden Dream,' and the libretti of ' Blanche de Nevers,' ' The Demon Lovers,' and ' The Bride of Venice ; ' between 1865 and 1879, ' FHes in the Web,' ' The Nervous Man and the Man of Nerve.' 'O'Donnell's Mission,' 'The Christian Mar- tyrs,' 'Little Nell and the Marchioness," ' Hearts ; or, The Serpents of Society,' 'The Lottery of Life,' 'The Emerald Ring,' * Better Late than Never,' ' Irish Stew,' ' Much Ado about a Merchant of Venice,' 'The Red Light,' 'Minnie's Luck,' 'John Garth,' 'The Lily of France,' 'Slander,' ' Good-Bye,' and ' Home Rule.' He claimed to be part-author with Boucicault of ' Lon- don Assurance ' {q.v.), and collaborated with Mark Lemon in 'The Demon Gift' {q.v.). " Those of his dramatic works in which he himself took most pleasure, and in which the student will hereafter discern the most of the man, are" (says W. Winter) "the burlesque of 'Columbus,' the blank-verse drama of 'The Lily of France,' and the comedy of 'Playing with Fire.' They con- tain delicate thought, poetic suggestion, sweet-tempered satire, contemplative philo- sophy, and pathos." Brougham was twice married, and in each case to an actress — Emma Williams (died 1865), seen in London circa 1836-1852 and in New York circa 1852- 1859; and Mrs. Hodges (died 1870), who acted in London in 1830, and made her American c?e'6r• Brown," whose London debut, it may b(,;- corded, was as Miss Prue in ' Love r Love' (January 28, 1786). See Brun' f, Anna. Brown Potter, Mrs. See Poi'ii Mrs. Brown. Brown, T. Allston. Author of * 5* tory of the American Stage ' (1870). Brown, Thomas. Miscellaneous wr r, born 1663, died 1704; author of 'Ph,c Lies a-Bleeding; or. The Apothecary tu a Doctor,' a comedy (1697) ; ' The Stage B' x toss'd in a Blanket ; or, Hypocrisy . la Mode ' (1-704) ; and ' The Dispensary,' a i ;e BROWN 219 BROWNING —all unacted. See ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812) and memoir prefixed to Brown's Col- lected Works (1707-8). Brown, Vandyke. See Vandyke Brown. 1 Brown and the Brahmins ; or, ICaptain Pop and the Princess Prettyeyes. An Oriental burlesque, [founded on the story of 'La Veuve de Malabar' (q.v.), by Robert Reece {q.v.), land first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, on January 23, 1869, with J. Clarke as Broton, E. Marshall as Tomidod the Tre- mendous, H. Andrews as Gallipots (the royal physician). Miss Maggie Brennan as Keemo- fKimo, Miss L. ^Morgan as Captain Pop, and IMiss C. Thorne as Princess Prettyeyes. Among the other characters are Lieut. iLardy-Dardy and Major Hawhaw. \ Browne. (1) The Chevalier Browne is a character in T. W. Robertson's * Play ' {q.v.). (2) Holland Broivne is a retired Imen-draper in T. J. Williams's ' Jack's Delight.' (3) Otway Sheridan Browne figures in T. J. Williams's 'I've written to Browne ' {q.v.). Browne, Gr. "Walter. Actor, vocalist, and dramatic writer, born 1856 ; made bis dihut as an actor at the Theatre Royal, York, in 1875, as Sidney Daryl in 'Society,' jand his first appearance in London in 1881 at the Savoy Theatre as Colonel Calverly in ' Patience ; ' he was afterwards engaged at the Adelphi, the Crystal Palace, the Royalty, the German Reeds', etc. He is author of [the following stage pieces :— ' Hearts and Homes ' (1876), ' A ( amera Obscura ' (1879), • A Wet Day ' (1884), ' Im-Patience ' (18S4), ilibretto of ' A Love Game ' (1885), ' Helter- Skelter' (1886), libretto of 'The Bosun's (Mate ' (1888), libretto of ' IMates ' (1890), and libretto of 'Possession' (1S90). I Browne, Moses. Vicar of Olney, [Bucks, born 1703, died 1787 ; author of 'Polidus; or, Distress'd Love,' a tragedy, and ' All Bedevil'd ; or. The House in a Hurry,' a farce, both printed in 1723. I Browne, Solomon James. Actor, born August, 1791 ; was educated at Eton, iud for a time was a clerk in Doctors' Com- mons. His dt^but as an actor was made at Hertford in 1807 ; and he had had a long and varied experience of the provincial stage ^hen, on October 7, 1823, he made his first appearance in London at Drury Lane (under lEUiston) as Lord Foppington in ' The Trip to Scarborough' {q.v.). In Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1825) we read of Browne : •' His Bromley (' Simpson and Co.') is a good performance, and much resembles Mr. C. Kemble's style of playing light comedy. Elis Donald ('Falls of Clyde') was one of the best pieces of melodramatic acting we aver beheld. Mr. Browne appears to us to stand above what Elliston noAV is, and second only to Charles Kenible as a light co- meclian." Browne first appeared in America it the National Theatre, New York, in 1838, as i?o5 Acres He was seen at Laura Keene's Theatre in 1858 as Sir Harcourt Courtly Ireland says : " He was a versatile and ac- complished artist, especially in light and eccentric comedy and certain grades of melo- drama. Bob Acres, Jeremy Liddler, Rover, Young Rapid, and Bob Logic are specimens of character in which he was peculiarly happy. His Robert Macaire, Dazzle, and Sergeant Austerlitz have not been equalled on the New York stage." Browne, William. Poet, born 1590, died 1645 ; author of ' The Inner Temple Masque, printed in his Works in 1772. See memoir by W. C. Hazlitt prefixed to an edition of the Works (1868). Browne the Martyr. A farce in one act, by D. Templeton Lucas, first per- formed at the Court Theatre, London in January, 1872, with W. J. Hill as Broivne, and other parts by W. Belford and ]\Iiss Santon ; revived, under the title of ' The Martyr,' at the Vaudeville Theatre, Lon- don, in November, 1892, with C. Ash- ford, D. Fleet, and Miss Abington in the cast. Brownie's Briff (The). See Wraith OF the Lake. Browning-, Rohert. Poet and dra- matist, born 1812, died 1889 ; author of the following acted plays :—' Strafford* (1837), *A Blot in the 'Scutcheon' (1843), ' Colombe's Birthday ' (1853), ' In a Balcony ' (1884), and ' A Soul's Tragedy ' (1904), all of which see ; author, also, of the following poetic dramas : — ' Pippa Passes ' (1841), ' King Victor and King Charles ' (1842), ' The Return of the Druses ' (1843), and ' Luria ' (1S46). See Macready's ' Reminiscences ' (1875), W. L. Courtney's ' Studies, Old and New ' [' Robert Browning, Writer of Plays '] (1888), W. Sharp's 'Life of Robert Brown- ing' (1890). Gos.se's 'Robert Browning : Personalia' (1890), Mrs. Orr's 'Life and Letters of Robert Browning' (1891), 'The Letters of Robert and Elizabeth Browning ' (1899), 'The Court and Society Review' [' Browning on the Stage '] (March, 1888). "The dramatic genius of Browning," says Edward Dowden, "was in the main of the static kind ; it studies with extraordinary skill and subtlety character in position ; it attains only an imperfect or a laboured success with character in movement. . . . Thought and emotion with him do not circutate freely through a group of persons, receiving some modification from each. He deals most successfully with each individual as a single and separate entity. . . . Brown- ing's tragedies are tragedies without villains. The world is here the villain, which has baits and snares wherewith to entangle its victims" ('Robert Browning,' 1904). The last stanza of Browning's lyric, 'A Light Woman,' runs— "Well, anyhow, here the story stays, So far at least as I understand ; And, Robert Browning, you writer of plays. Here's a subject made to your hand." BROWNJOHN 220 ERUNTOX Brownjohn, Mr. John, in J. M. ^Morton's 'Done on Both ttides ' {q.v.). Brownlee, Mrs. The widow in Bron- SON Howard's ' Old Love-Letters' {q.v.). Brownsmitli, John. Author of ' The Theatrical Alphabet, containing a catalogue of several hundred Parts (both Men's and Women's) in different Plays and Farces, with the number of Lengths noted that each Part contains, carefully disposed in alpha- betical order ' (1767). Brownsmith, Jones Robinson, in C. J. Matthews's ' Little Toddlekins ' ((/. v.)- Brozzo. A character in W. H. Ox- berry's ' Matteo Falcone. Bruce, Edg-ar. Actor and manager ; died 1901 ; made his debut in the former character in 1868 at Liverpool, his first appearance in London taking place in August, 1S69, at the Strand Theatre as Chateau Renaucl in 'The Pilgrim of Love' iq.v.). In 1871 he went to America, where he was seen in some of the leading roles of Robertsonian comedy. In 1873-4 he was engaged at the Court Theatre, Lon- don, where he was the original Sir Walter Mervyn in 'About Town' {q.v.), Stephen Luttrell in 'Marriage Lines' {q.v.). Dr. Micklethivaite in ' Alone' (g. v.), Woodpecker Tapping in 'The Wedding March' {q.v.). Jack Benedict in 'Brighton' {q.v.), etc. In 1875, after a season at the St. James's, he became lessee, for a few months, of the Haymarket, whence he went, in 1876, as manager, to the Globe. In 1878 he played Greythorne in ' Pink Dominos ' at the Cri- terion. The following year found him lessee of the Royalty, where he was the original Guy Devereux in ' Crutch and Toothpick ' {q.v.). At the Prince of Wales's, in 1880, he was the first representative of Herbert Jkissell in 'Annie Mie' {q.v.). In 1883 he was lessee of the Imperial Theatre, and in 1884 he opened the Prince's [now Prince of Wales's] Theatre, of which he was pro- prietor, appearing in the opening bill as Sir G. Carlyon in ' Honour Bound' {qv.). He was seen at the Comedy Theatre in 1887 as Colonel Woottiveel Woodd in Burnand's 'Colonel' {q.v.), sl character in Avhich he afterwards figured in the provinces. Bruce, Edith. Actress ; made her Lon- don d6but at Covent Garden Theatre in August, 1872, as Wanda in 'Babil and Bijou ' {q.v.). Since then her original parts have included Parker in ' The Great Divorce Case ' (1876), Miss Barron in ' Pink Dominos ' (1877), Miss Tudor in 'The Worship of Bacchus' (1879), Mary Greville in 'An Eng- lish Gentleman ' (1879), Mrs. De Courcy in ♦ Unlimited Cash ' (1879), Helen MacGregor in 'Robbing Boy' (1879), Inez in 'Trova- tore' (1880), Josephine in 'A Bridal Tour' (1880), Mary Maguire in ' Taken from Life ' (1881), Captain Horsley Doivn in ' Silver Guilt' (1883), Phoebe Wood in ' A Run of Luck' (1886), Cicely Manners in 'The Ar- mada' (1888), Nanette Potin in 'Paul Ivauvar ' (1890), etc. She has also been seen in London as Cribbage in 'Daisy Farm (Gaiety Theatre, 1879), Mrs. Alston ir ' Brighton ' (Olympic Theatre, 1880), Nan h ' Where's the Cat?' (Criterion Theatre, 1880 ^ 3[r.i. Guyer in 'A Trip to Chinatown (Toole's, 1894), and the " hero " of numerou; pantomimes. Bruin, King-. The "usurper" ii PluiNCHE's ' Good Woman in the Wood {q.v.). {2) Mr. and Mrs. Bruin are cha racters in S. Foote's ' Mayor of Garratt {q.v.). Brulg-rudderjr, Dennis. The ini! keeper in Colman jun.'s ' John Bull ' (g.i;.). Brum. A farce (with music) by Frax; Desprez, first performed at the Theatr Royal, Leeds, on March 15, 1880. Brummag-em, in Hoare's 'Lock an^ Key' {q.v.). Brummell, Beau. See Beau Brdji' MELL. ; Brunette, in 'Yes or Xo' {q.v.). Brunhilda. The '■ vampire bride" i. G. Blink's drama of that name. Bruno; or, The Sultan's Favou: ite. A "comic extravaganza," brought oi^ at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 182 and played at Bath in the following yea under the title of ' Bashaw and the Bear.' Bruno, Pascal. See Pascal Bruno. Bruno le Fileux. See Spitalfieli Weaver, The. Brunton, Ann. See Merry, Mrs. Brunton, Annie. Actress ; daught' of Elizabeth Brunton Robertson {q.v. played Bartje in ' Annie Mie ' (1880) ai Addle in ' Too Late ' (1881) ; author of t • following dramatic pieces :— ' The Fami Ghost' (1881), 'Won by Honours' (188: and 'The Queen of Diamonds' (1S82). Brunton, Elizabeth. SeeROBERTSC Elizabeth Brunton. Brunton, Elizabeth. See Yatj Mrs. Frederick. Brunton, John. Actor and theatri' manager ; son of a soap-maker at Norwii and originally a grocer and tea-dealer Drury Lane; appeared at Covent Garc Theatre in 1774 as Hamlet a.nd Cyrus; v afterwards engaged as a "stock " perfora at Norwich and at Bath, eventually becom manager of the Norwich "circuit." ' * The Thespian Dictionary ' (1805) ; al Brunton, Ann, John, and Louisa. Brunton, John. Actor, born 1775 ; i of the above ; took to the stage about I'i at Lincoln ; played afterwards at Norwi( made his London debut at Covent Garder. September, 1800, and remained in Lon( for a time, returning in 1804 to the provin< . where he managed several playhouses. • was at one period proprietor of the Vi '• London Theatre. He was brother of ii and Louisa Brunton, and father of i • BRUNTON BUBBLES OF THE DAY jFretlerick Yates (q.v.). See ' The Thespian Dictionary ' (1805) and Oxberry's ' Dramatic biography '(1826). Brunton, Louisa [Countess of Craven]. \.ctress ; daughter of John Brunton, sen. q.v.); born in February, 1782, died August, ,860; made her professional cUbut at Covent jarden Theatre, October 5, 1803, as Lady Voimly in 'The Provoked Husband' (^. v.). >he was the original representative of such Characters as Emily in ' The Wheel of ^rtune' iq.v.) and Julia in ' The School of leform' {q.v.), and among her other roles vere Beatrice (' ^Much Ado '), Celia, Lady inne (Richard III.'), Rosara ('She Would ,nd She Would Not'), /?-ene (' Barbarossa ') )on'nf?« ('Beaux Stratagem'), etc. Oxberry ays that " from the retirement of Miss ''arren (April 8, 1796) no actress in the pre- criptiveline of genteel comedy had so much ntranced the town. Her person was tall, lovely, and commanding, and the pleasure ler friends felt in her being raised to the ;ank of a countess, by her marriage with the i]arl of Craven [about 1807], was exceeded ■y the regret with which the town re- inquished such an actress" ('Dramatic "iography '), See Genest's ' English Stage,' Brunton, Mrs. Anna, born 1773 ; 'aughter of Mrs. Brown the actress, and wife f John Brunton (q.v.) ; author of ' The !ottagers,' a comic opera, printed in 17S8. Brush. (1) Valet to Lord Oglehy in COL- !AN, sen., and Garrick's ' Clandestine larriage.' (2) A character in ' The Village tpera.' (3) A character in Rod WELL'S I'll be your Second ' {q.v.). Brute, Sir John and Lady. The ?ading characters in Vanbrugh s * Pro- oked Wife'(g.y.). Brutus, Lucius Junius. This famous ^ornan statesman and patriot is the central gure of several dramas by English writers : '-(1) 'Lucius Junius Brutus {q.v.), the 'ather of his Country,' by Nat Lee {q.v.) .681). (2) 'Lucius Junius Brutus' {q.v.), y Wm. Buncombe (1734). (3) 'Lucius unius Brutus' (g. v.), bv Hugh Downman orinted in 1779). (4) ' The Sibyl ; or, The ;ider Brutus' {q.v.), by Richard Cumber- AND {q.v.). (5) ' Brutus ; or. The Fall of larquin : ' a play by John Howard Payne \l.v^, founded upon all the above-named kieces, and first performed at Drury Lane b December 3, 1818, with Edmund Kean in he title part, D. Fisher as Titus, H. Kemble [s Sextus, S. Penley as Aruns, Bengnugh IS CoUatinus, Mrs. Glover as Tullia'^ Mrs. V. West as Tarquinia, and Mrs. Robinson fs Lucretia; revived at Dmiry Lane in anuary, 1854. with G. V. Brooke as the ero and G. Bennett as Sextus. See Ge- ;est's analysis of the play. (6) 'Junius' p-). by Edward, Lord Lytton(1S85). See i pe Theatre for March, 1885. Brutus, Marcus Junius, figures in . Taylor's ' Payable on Demand' {q.v.). ^ Brutus, Marcus, in Shakespeajie's ' Juhus Cc-vsar ' {q.v.), conspires against, and helps to assassinate, Ccesar (see act iii. so. 1). His apology for the assassination occurs in the following scene ; his encounter with the ghost of Ccesar, in act iv. sc. 3 ; his suicide, in act v. sc. 5. "The death of Brutus," says Hazlitt, " is worthy of him— it has the dignity of the Roman senator with the firmness of the stoic philosopher." See '2 Henry VL,' iv. 1, and 'Hamlet,' iii. 1 ; also, Buckinghamshire. Brutus lache Cesar. See Delicate Ground. Brutus of Alba; or, The En- chanted Lovers. A tragedy by Nahum Tate {q.v.), founded on the 4th ^neid, and licensed for performance at Dorset Garden, in July, 1678. It is "partly built" (says Genest) on the " ridiculous story " that, after the _ destruction of Troy, Brutus and other Trojans came to Albion, killed its giant popu- lation, called the country Britain, and built London. " The storm which drives Brutus and the Queen [of Syracuse] to the cave is raised by the enchantment of the sorceress Ragusa." (2) ' Brutus of Alba ; or, Augusta's Triumph : ' an opera performed at Dorset Garden in 1696. It is a kind of sequel to Tate's play, from which the anonymous author has borrowed the names of £-3veral characters ; some characters, and portions of the text, are from Massinger's ' Virgin Martyr ' {q.v.). " Brutus, who returns with conquest from the Gallic wars, is meant as a sort of compliment to King William, on whose welfare the fate of Augusta (London) depends " (Genest). Brutus, the Crooked, in Planch^'s ' Once upon a Time there were Two Kings ' {q.v.). Brutus TJltor. A tragedy by jNIichael Field {q.v.), in five acts and in verse, pub- lished in 1886. Bryanstone, Bob. A small coal-dealer in Mark Lemon's ' Jack in the Green ' {q.v.) Bubble. (1) The "city gallant" in Green's ' Tu Quoque ' {q.v.). (2) A lawj-er's clerk in E. Falconer's ' Does he Love me?' (3) A Mr. and Mrs. Bubble figure in H. T. Craven's ' One Tree Hill ' {q.v.). Bubble and Squeak. A farce by Frederic Hay {q.v.), first performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on May 12, 1871. Bubble Reputation (A). A farcical comedy in three acts, by James Willing {q.v.) and John Douglas {q.v.), produced at the Standard Theatre, London, on April 6, 1885. — "Seeking the bubble reputation" — ' As You Like It,' iii. 7 {Jaques). Bubbles. A comedietta by C. S. Faw- CETT {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in October, ISSl. Bubbles of the Day. A comedy by Douglas Jerrold {q-v.), first performed at Covent Garden oa February 25, 1842, with BUCHANAN 222 BUCKINGHAM W. Farren as Lord Skindee}), M.P., Bartley as Spreadu'easel, W. Lacy as Melon, J. Vining as Chatham Broicn, M.P., Charles Mathews as Captain Smoke, Harley as Sir Phenix Clearcake, Meadows as Malmsey Shark, Mrs. Nisbett as Pamela Spreadiveasel, Mrs. W. Lacy as Ftorentia, and Mrs. Orger as Guinea. Pamela and Melon (a barrister) are engaged, and if they do not marry must pay a penalty ; the former, however, is in love with Broion, and the latter Avith Flo- rentia. Skindeep is a pseudo-philanthropist, Spreadweasel an unprincipled merchant, Sm^ke a company-promoter, Clearcake an ex-auctioneer, Shark a wine-merchant and money-lender, and Guinea a lady's maid. Buchanan, Elizabeth. An actress engaged at Lincoln's Inn Fields between 172S and 1732, and at Covent Garden between 1732 and 1736. She played such parts as Calphurnia, Lady Macduff, Desdemona, Cressida, Aspaiia ('The Maid's Tragedy'), Almeyda (' Don Sebastian '), Fidelia (' 'The Plain Dealer'), Marcia ('Cato')i Almeria (' The Mourning Bride '), etc. Buchanan, McKean. Actor, born in Philad^elphia, February, 1S23 ; son of a pay- master in the U.S. Navy ; himself served as midshipman ; made his debut as an actor at New Orleans as Hamlet, the character in which he first figured at New York (in June, 1850, at the Broadway). He appeared at the Marylebone Theatre, London, in 1852, at the City of London Theatre in 1854, and at the Standard Theatre in 1859 (as Hamlet). Buchanan, Robert. Dramatic and mis- cellaneous writer, born 1S41, died 1901 ; author of the following stage piece.s :— 'The Rath- boys,' ' The AVitchfinder ' (1S64), ' A Madcap Prince ' (1874), ' Corinne ' (1876), ' The Queen of Connaught ' (1SS7), ' A Nine-Davs' Queen ' (1880), ' The Exiles of Erin ' (1881), ' The Shadow of the Sword' (18S1), 'Lucy Bran- don,' an adaptation (1882), ' Storm-Beaten ' (1883), 'Lady Clare,' an adaptation (1SS3), 'Agnes,' an adaptation (1885), 'Sophia,' an adaptation (1886), ' A Dark Night's Bridal,' an adaptation (1887), ' The Blue Bells of Scotland ' (1887), ' Roger la Honte ' (after- wards ' A Man's Shadow '), an adaptation (1888), ' Partners,' an adaptation (1888), ' Joseph's Sweetheart,' an adaptation (188S), ' That Doctor Cupid ' (1889), ' The Old Home ' (1889), 'Theodora,' an adaptation (1889), ' Man and the Woman ' (1889), ' The Bride of Love' (1890), 'Clarissa,' an adaptation, (1890), ' Miss Tomboy,' an adaptation (1890), ' Sweet Nancy,' an adaptation (1890), ' The Sixth Commandment ' (1890), ' IMarmion * (1891), 'The Gifted Lady' (1S91), libretto of • The Piper of Hamelin ' (1893), ' The Char- latan' (1894), 'Dick Sheridan' (1894), and two plays first performed in America— ' Lady Gladys ' {q.v.) and ' Squire Kate ' (q.v.). He also wTote, with Sir Augustus Harris, ' A Sailor and his Lass ' (1883) ; with Hermann Yezin. 'Bachelors' (18s4); with G. R. Sims, 'The English Rose' (1890), ' The Trumpet Call ' (1891), ' The Lights Home ' (1892), ' The White Rose ' (1^92), ai ' The Black Domino ' (ls93) ; Avith F. Horm 'The Struggle for Life' (1890); with 1 Murray, ' A Society Butterfly ' (1894) ; an with Harriett Jay, 'Alone in Londoi (1885), 'Fascination' (1889), 'The Stran Adventures of Miss Brown' (1895), 'TJ Romance of the Shopwalker' (1S96), 'Tl "Wanderer from Venus ' (1896), ' The Ma- ners of England' (1897), and 'Two Litt Maids from School,' an adaptation (189: See the ' Life ' by Harriett Jay. Buck, in FoOTE's ' Englishman in Par (q.v.). Buck, Sir Georgre, was appoini Master of the Revels in 1610. He had : some time acted as deputy to Edmn Tylney in that office. He was succeeded' Master by Sir John Astley in 162^, and di in the following year. ' Bucke, Charles. Miscellaneous wrii born 1781, died 1846 ; author of a tragedj . verse called ' The Italians ; or, The Fa Accusation ' (q.v.). Buckhorse, Bobby. The "cock!: the walk " in Poole's ' Year in an Ho ' (1-v.). Buckhurst, Lord [Thomas Sackvil . See GoRBODUC. Bucking-ham. (1) A drama in f : acts, by W. G. Wills (q-v.), first perforr 1 at the Olympic Theatre, London, on Novi - ber 29, 1875, with Henry Neville as ,j Duke of Buckiwjham, W. Creswick as Cr • well. Hay well as Lord Fairfax, VoIIj,! as Colonel Hip-and-Thigh, Odell as Tn- man, Miss Fanny Enson as Mary Fairj , etc. (2) A comic operetta, music by Ju ,i Edwards, Town Hall, Northampton, • cember 28, 1877.— The Duke of Bucking} J (1592-1628) figures in Planche's ' C( t Beauties' (q.v.), Stirling's 'John Felt ' Halliday's ' King o' Scots,' and the vari 3 adaptations of ' The Three Muskete* ' (q.v.). Bucking-ham, Duke of [George »i- liers]. Born 1627, died 1688 ; author of ' -e Rehearsal ' (1672) and ' The Battle of S' ;- moor,' both of which see. Bucking-ham, Leicester Silk. > cellaneous writer, born 1825, died 1 ; wrote the following pieces for the stag - 'Aggravating Sam' (1854), ' Belphe; ,' burlesque (1856), ' Cupid's Ladder ' (1: ), ' Pizarro ; or. The Leotard of Peru ' (1 ), ' The Merry Widow' (1863), 'Silken Fett i' (1863), ' The Silver Lining ' (1864), ' Face n the Fire' (1865), 'A Fretful Porcup >' (1867) ; likewise, ' Do Shake Hands,' ' I 't Lend your Umbrella,' ' Take that rl Away,' burlesques of ' Lucrezia Bor -,' ' Traviata,' and ' William Tell ; ' also, h Augustus Harris, ' Jeannette's Wedd-:.' From 1857 to 1867 he was the theat il critic of the Morning Star. His wife ie White) acted for some years under the r le of Buckingham White (q.v.). I BUCKINGHAMSHIRE BUCKSTONE Buckingrhamshire, Duke of [John theffield]. Born 1649, died 1720 ; author of Julius Csesar ' and ' Marcus Brutus,' both Tinted in 1722. See Julius C^sar. Bucklaw, Alfred, actor, has appeared ta London in the original casts of ' Lady blare ' (1883), ' As in a Looking-Glass ' (1887), I Sweet Nancy ' (1890), ' The Struggle for Ijfe' (1890), 'David' (1892), 'Eagle Joe' }l892), ' The Black Cat ' (1893), ' A Gauntlet ' 11894), ♦ The Transgressor ' (1894), ' True Blue ' 1896), etc. Bucklaw, Arthur, figures in the arious versions, adaptations, and bur- esques of ' The Bride of Lammermoor ' (q.v.). Buckle of Brilliants (The). See :!rown Prince, The. Buckram. (1) Frederick and Lady Buck- am are characters in Palgrave Simpson's Without Encumbrances' (q.v.). (2) Miss Mckram is a corset-maker in G. Dance's Istation-House.' (3) A Miss Buckram ".gures also in J. V. Millingen's 'Ladies tHome' (.q-v.). Buckskin, Bob, (1) in T. Parry's P.P.' (2) The jockey, in Boucicault'S Flying Scud' (q-v.). Buckstone, John Baldwin. Actor, playwright, and manager ; born at Hoxton, London, in September, 1802 ; died October, |879 ; was (Oxberry says) the son of a trades- ,an, and early placed in a solicitor's office ; hence (after some trial performances as 1 amateur) he ran away to join a company in a small town in Berkshire," where he opened " as Trueman in ' George Barnwell' Dramatic Biography '). After further ex- rience in the country, he was engaged for Surrey Theatre, where he made his Lon- on debut in January, 1823, as Ramsay in .The Fortunes of Nigel.' Thence he went p24)tothe Coburg(Victoria)Theatre, where le appeared as Nicolo in his own play of ' The fear Hunters ' {q.v.). From the Coburg he liigrated in 1827 to the Adelphi, where :.828) he appeared as Bobby Trot in his ' Luke lie Labourer' {q.v.). From 1833 to 1839 he [as acting alternately at the Haymarket iQd the Adelphi. In the first-named year e was in the original cast of Jerrold's Housekeeper' {q.v.). From 1S40 to 1842 he as fulfilling engagements in America, his rst appearance being made in the former ear at the National Theatre, New York. a 1842 he reappeared at the Haymarket, ^maining there till 1847, and figuring during pat time as the original Captain Sippet in Irs. Gore's 'Quid Pro Quo' {q.v.). Bob in toucicault's ' Old Heads and Young Hearts ' Iv.), Tilly Sloivboy in Webster's ' Cricket ^ the Hearth ' {q.v.), GoUghtly in ' Lend me live Shillings' {q.v.\ and the MacDunnum f Boucicault'S ' School for Scheming ' {q.v.). ^ 1847 he went to the Lyceum, where he jas the original Box in ' Box and Cox ' {q.v.). ft the following year he returned to the [aymarket, where he was the first repre- [ntative of Aminadab Sleek in ' The Serious muy' {q.v.), Moses in Coyne's ' Vicar of Wakefield' {q.v.), Apple/ace in Jerrold's • Catspaw' {q.v.), and Shadoivy Softhead in Ly tton's ' Not so Bad as we Seem ' {q.v.). In 1853 he became the lessee of the Haymarket a position which he occupied till 1876. This was one of the most memorable manage- ments in the history of the English stage, by reason both of the plays produced and the players engaged to represent them. During this period Buckstone was the original representative of Jeremy Tulip in ♦Elopements in High Life' (1853), Coddle- love in ' Ranelagh ' (1854), Lord Pellemelle in 'Willikins and his Dinah' (1854), Tom Ripstone in 'The Evil Genius' (1856), Sir Brian de Beau Sex in 'The Rights and Wrongs of Wonjen ' (1856), John Butter shy in ' Victims ' (1857), Dr. Botcherly in ' An Unequal Match' (1857), Molehill in 'The Tide of Time ' (1858), Major Wellington de Boots in 'Everybody's Friend' (1859), Mr. Peckover in ' The Contested Election ' (1859), Frontin in 'The Late Lamented' (1859), Lovibond in 'The Overland Route' (1860), Bubble in ' The Family Secret ' (1860)^ Beetle in T. Taylor's 'The Babes in the Wood ' (1860), Mr. Bunny in Coyne's ' Black Sheep' (1861), Squire Chivey in Robert- son's ' David Garrick ' (1864), Jonathan Rumbelow in 'Brother Sam' (1865), Tom Sutherland in 'The Favourite of Fortune' (1866), Squire Bubb in 'A Wild Goose Chase' (1867), Alexandre in 'A Life Well Won' (1867), Br. Lafitte in 'A Hero of Romance ' (1868), Bunter in ' New Men and Old Acres ' (1869), King Phanor in ' The Palace of Truth ' (1870), Chrysos in ' Pygma- lion and Galatea' (1871), Lutin in 'The Wicked World ' (1873), Mr. Fitz-Partington in ' Charity ' (1874). Buckstone was also seen during his career as Grumio in 'The Taming of the Shrew' (1844), Dan in ' John Bull ' (1846), Sir Andreiu Aguecheek (1846), Scrub in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1847)— all at the Haymarket; Speed in one act of ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona ' (1847) ; one of the witches in 'Macbeth' (1849); Touchstone, T'ony Lumpkin, Bob Acres ; Tim in ' Wild Oats ' (1856), Sir Benjamin Backbite (1857), Modus in ' The Hunchback ' (1858), Sir Bashful Constant in 'The Way to Keep Him ' (1858), Silky in ' The Road to Ruin' (1859), Simon Purein 'A Bold Stroke for a Wife ' (1859), Trenchard in ' Our Ame- rican Cousin' C1861), Zekiel Homespun in • The Heir at Law ' (1866), Dolly Spanker in • London Assurance ' (1870), and Score-up in • Spring Gardens ' (1875). Buckstone's ' Bear Hunters' and 'Luke the Labourer' have been mentioned. He was also the author of the following dramatic pieces :— ' Peter Bell, the Waggoner ; or, The Murderers of Massiac' (1826), 'Paul Pry' (1827), 'The New Don Juan' (1828), 'John Street, Adel- phi ' (1829), ' Presumptive Evidence ' (1829), ' Billy Taylor ; or, The Gay Young Fellow ' (1829), 'The Happiest Day of my Life' (1829), 'Snakes in the Grass'C 1829), 'Theo- dore the Brigand' (1830), 'Mischief Mak- ing' (1830), 'The Wreck Ashore' (1830), 'A Husband at Sight' (1830), 'Popping the Question' (ISSO), 'Damon and Pythias' BUCKSTONE 224 BUDGE AND TOTTIE a831\ 'The Ice Witch; or, The Frozen Hand' (1S31), 'John Jones' (1831), 'The King of the Alps ' (1S31), ' Victorine ' (1831), ' The Pet of the Petticoats ' (1S32), ' Forgery ; or, The Reading of the Will' (1S32), 'The Bravo,' an adaptation (1833), ' Ellen Ware- ham ' (1833), 'Open House; or, The Twin Sisters' (1833). 'The Rake and his Pupil' (1833), ' Nicholas Flam ' (1833), ' Agnes de Vere ; or, The Broken Heart,' an adapta- tion (1834), ' Henrietta the Forsaken ' (1834), 'The May Queen' (1834), 'Rural Felicity' (1834), ' Married Life ' (1834), ' The Christen- ing' (1834), 'Isabella; or. Woman's Life' (1834), 'Thirty Years of a Woman's Life' (1834), 'The Last Days of Pompeii,' an adaptation (1834), ' The Dream at Sea ' (1835), 'The Scholar,' an adaptation (1835), ' Good Husbands make Good Wives ' (1835), ' Second Thoughts ' (1835), ' Uncle John ' (1836), ' Shocking Events' (1838), ' Our Mary Anne' (1838), 'Weak Points' (1838), 'The Irish Lion' (1S38), 'A Lesson for Ladies' (1838), ' Jack Sheppard ' (1839), ' Single Life ' (1839), • A Kiss in the Dark ' (1S40), • The Thimble Rig' (1844), 'Snapping Turtles' (1845), 'The Green Bushes; or, 100 Years Ago ' (1845), ' Nine Too Many ' (1847), ' The Flowers of the Forest' (1847), 'A Roiigh Diamond ' (1847), ' An Alarming Sacrifice ' (1849), 'Leap Year' (1850), 'Good for No- thing' (1851), 'Babes in the Wood' (1856); also, of 'Abelard and Heloise,' 'Curiosity Cured,' 'The Duchess dela Vaubaliere, 'The Dead Shot,' ' Josephine, the Child of the Re- giment,' ' The Maid with the Milking Pail,' ' The Two Queens.' " As actor," writes Tom Taylor, "the English stage has seen few more genial and humorous mimics than Buckstone. His art was of the English style, broad and laughter - making. He always seemed to attach more importance to the humorous than to any other quality of the part he acted. But he did not over- look the general aspect of his parts, though he clothed them all in a uniform garb of the Buckstonian humour, conveyed through the inimitable eye-twinkle and mouth-twist all knew so well, and the rich, oily chuckle of a voice whose sound could produce a roar before the actor was seen. He usually provoked laughter, however, without forcing, and was admirable in the quiet, unerring power with which he made a point." "A more singular face," says Percy Fitzgerald, *' could not be devised— the intensely droll eyes set in their places a little crookedly, a delightfully grotesque nose, cheeks some- thing after the pattern of cutlets, and whose muscles went up and down, delicately re- laxed ; and the mouth ! That, drawing it over to one side, into a corner, as it were, until by the act a sort of money-box slit or aperture was made ; with this difference, that the good things were projected out of it, instead of anything being dropped in ;— that 'twist' was special to himself." See Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' (ISSO), ' Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and America,' P, Fitzgerald's 'Memoirs' and ' Principles of Comedy,' etc. AVhile manager of the Hay- market, Buckstone appeared in several " occasional" pieces, of which the follow: are examples :— (1) ' Mr. Buckstoiie's Aso of Mount Parnassus : 'a. piece de circonsta by J.R. Planche, performed in March, 18 and forming " a sort of travesty of Alb Smith's famous entertainment, ' The Asci of Mont Blanc,' then in the height of popularity." (2) ' Mr. Buckstone's Voyj Round the Globe in Leicester Square : "revue" by J. R. Planche, produced Easter, 1854. (3) ' Buckstone at Home ; The Manager and his Friends : ' a skel by Stirling Coyne, brought out in Ap- 1863. Buckstone, John Copeland. Act born 1858 ; son of J. B. Buckstone (q.i made his professional ddbut at the Gaie Dublin, in April, 1S76. He has had c siderable experience in the English p vinces, India, and America ; besides appe ing in London at the Folly and Haymar, Theatres in 1879, at the Royalty, Princ! Vaudeville, and Criterion in 1886, at •■ Opera Comique and Comedy in 1887, the Lyceum, Novelty, and Shaftesbury 1SS8, and at the Duke of York's Theatre' 1893-9.— His brother, Rowland Bucksto was the original Basil Giorgione in 'T Colonel' (ISSl) and the first Peppe ■ ' Merely Players ' (1882), Buckstone, liUcyleal^ella. Actrc daughter of J. B. Buckstone iq.v.) ; b' 1859, died 1893 ; made her first appearancf . Croydon as Gertrude in ' The Little Treasu {q.v.), and her London d^hut at the H market as Ada Ingot in ' David Garrick , December, 1875. She afterwards figurec . the Lyceum as Annette in ' The Bells ' an( ■• Lady F. Touchwood in 'The Belle's Str; • gem' (1S7G); also, at the Prince of Wal i as Lucy Ormond in ' Peril' (1876). Her " .• ginal " parts included Minnie in ' Engag ' (1877), Bertha de Motteville in 'A Gi i Catch ' (1883), Abigail Hill in ' The Quet i Favourite ' (1883), Gladys Grant in ' Racl ' (1883), Enid Anstrii*her in 'Marina '(IS. and Flora in ' Miss Decima ' (1891). She ; > appeared in London as Maria in ' The Scl 1 for Scandal' (1876), Alice in 'Forget ,) Not' (1882), Lucy Bertram in 'Guy J!,- nering' (1883), Edith Marsland in ' i Private Secretary ' (1884), Blanche Denl » in ' The Denhams ' (1835), and Gwend i Pettigrew in ' The Parvenu ' (1891). ; Bud, Felix and Ellen. The mar 1 couple in C. J. Mathews' ' My W s Mother' (g.v.). Bud and Blossom. A farce by I 7 Colin Campbell, Terry's Theatre, Lorn u June 3, 1893. Budd,Dorotliy,in Douglas Jerro » 'St. Cupid' (q.v.). (2) Miss Rose Budca Selby's ' Spanish Dancers' (q.v.). Budg-e and Tottie. Adramatiza-n of J. Habberton's story, ' Helen's Bat , produced at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon;i. in September, 1S7S, with the Daro;!r children in the principal parts. BUDGE BULLEN Budgie Ben. A character in Gay's Beggar's' Opera' (q.v.). (2) Budge, in E. ,. Blan'CHaud's 'Artful Dodge' {q.v.), is a iberiff's officer. Budg-et of Blunders (A). A farce II two acts, by Greffulhe, first performed ,t Covent Garden in 1810. Buff and Blue. A play by J. J. llcC'LOSKEY, performed in U.S.A. Buffalo BiU. (1) A play by F. G. Iaeder (q.v.), performed at the Bowery 'heatre, New York, in February, 1872, with . B. Studley in the title part, followed in t by W. H. Whalley ; at the same theatre h August, 1873, with W. F. Cody (Buffalo lill) in the title role. (2) A drama in four tets, by Colonel Stanley and Charles ilERMANN, produced (for the first time in london) at Sanger's Theatre, May 28, 1887. \) A drama in four acts, by George .OBERTS, first performed at the Elephant id Castle Theatre, London, May 30, 1887. Buffalo, Don, in O'Hara's ' April Day' .v.), is the man who is made " an April o\"'by Davo (q.v.). Buffalo Girls (The); or. The Female erenaders. A farce by Edward Stir- NG (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey heatre, London, on April 17, 1847, with , AYebb as Mark Anthony Napoleon lexander Wellington Tom Thumb. Buffer, Sir "William. A character in kake's ' Before Breakfast ' (q.v.). (2) Mr. lifer, in E. and J. M. Morton's ' Railroad i"p,' is a confectioner. Bufton, Eleanor [Mrs. Arthur Swan- rough]. Actress, born 1840, died 1893 ; ide her first appearance on the stage at ilinburgh, her metropolitan debut being at e St. James's Theatre. At the Princess's, ider Charles Kean, she figured as Hermia -' ' A Midsummer Night's Dream ' (185(5), rdinand in 'The Tempest' (1857), and nan in ' King Lear ' (1858). At the Strand eatre (under the Swanborough manage- : nt) she was in the original casts of such • ces as Halhday's 'Romeo and Juliet,' rlpsque (1859), Talfourd's ' William Tell ' 1 59), Craven's ' Post Boy ' (1860), Byron's ■ smeralda ' (1861), Buckingham's ' Pizarro' (32), and Byron's 'Ivanhoe' (1862). Re- tning to the St. James's, Miss Bufton was ^n there as Miss Ogle in ' The Belle's ^tagem ' (1866), the original Gianetta in (fbert's 'Dulcamara' (18ramatists (I8&0 cf Age' (1887), etc. figures in DERRICK'S Little fetranger ^q.i^.; Wlfrog. A character in Bouoi.»i, and Master Brobdignag BuUJiOfj. BuUion. A character in J. Kerrs ♦ Intimate Friend.' Tnn Fields inT7U-22. Among his "original;' ColonH Feignu'cll in A Bold btioKe 101 * kvifJ' As an actor, he " seems," says Genest, »EH^'i^e%a\°Sifa!S.«.X m£v°L' 'iramatic pieces (niost of tliem i;'go.,r •"r on an incident in ' Oliver Twist ' mus. Oliver Notcutt ; performed at Ladb Hall, London, July 7, 1&91. (3) Con Courtship' {q-i:)- BumlDle, Baron Boski. ''An^ of the celebrated beadle " and ' the on ' lovier so gallant and gay ' in BUR^^ ' Villikins and his Dinah {q.v). Bumble' s C ourtship . See BUM ■Rumble-Bee. The beadle in Bel HAM ?^id BEST'S 'Prince Camaralza ?o J) (2) Mrs. Bumblebee is a char in J.' SiTrling COYNE'S 'Dark Dom the Cupboard '(g.t'.). Bump of Benevolence (The) farce by J. F. Savile (g.f.). ■Rnmner. (1) Sir Barnaby Bumpe ch?iS in Dr- BACON'S 'Tryall Se KUlers' (,...).^ (2) flrHarry^m^ in SHERIDAN'S '^f^9.«lf«y,^^KL appears only in act 111. sc. ^..^here nt the song, " Here's to the i^f^de^f Jj' fifteen.'^ (3) A justice in The Ame Roused' {q.v.). ..o^nTfSn/tfy'Tn^J^VuSi Tables ' {q-v.). •Rnmnus, Colonel and Jac^* ra?tS?^S J 'COURTNEY'S ' TWO Po^ts {2)Sergea"it Bumpus fig^f.^^ m MORTON'S ' My Husband's Ghost (3- BUNCH 227 EUNN Bunoh, Michael and Phoenix. Lther and son in H. HOLL's ' Wapping Old airs' (q.v.). (2) Mother Bunch is one of e personam in Planche and Dance's liquet with the Tuft' (q.v.). Bunch of Bei'ries (The). A farce by L. Blanchard, produced by the Yokes ,mily at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on ly 8, 1875, Bunch of Keys (A). A musical comedy three acts, by Charles Hoyt and :ORGE Lash Gordox, performed at the enue Theatre, London, on August 25, 1883. Bunch of Shamrocks (A). A drama Frajvk Bateman and John Douglass, yalty Theatre, Edinburgh, June 2, 1896 (for copyright purposes "). Bunch of Violets (A). A play in four ;,s,founded by Sydney Grundy on Octave uillet's 'Montjoye' [already adapted by ja under the title of 'Mammon' (q.v.)], ;i first performed at the Haymarket The- ile, London, on April 25, 1894, with H. Beer- bmTree as Sir Philip Mcwchant, L. Brough i Mark Murgatroyd, Mrs. Beerbohm Tree i Mrs. Murgatroyd, Miss Lily Hanbury as .dy Marchant, Miss Audrey Ford as tlet, G. W. Anson as Sduvartz, and Nut- tiibe Gould as Lord Mount Sorrell ; played i the English provinces with Laurence ling as Sir Philip; first performed in iierica at Abbey's Theatre, New York, Auary 30, 1895. See Man of Success and -'NTJOYE. Juncle, Betty. Maid of all work in GHiGGiE's 'House Dog.' 5undle. A market gardener in Dibdin's ' aterman ' (q.v.). Jundle of Lies (A). A farce adapted t n the German of Carl Laufs and Wilhelm .loby, and first performed at Daly's The- a|3, New York, on March 28, 1895, with H. 4Dixey, J. Lewis, G. Clarke. C. Leclercq, fli G. H. Gilbert, and the Misses Elliott, 1 iwell, and Carlisle in the cast. ■ungr. (1) An innkeeper in Mark Lion's 'Grey Doublet' (q.v.), with a son nned Simon. (2) A beadle in C. S. Chelt- Np 'Mrs. Green's Snug Little Business.' iUng-le, P.O. A country policeman in //o- tJ;^^^^ ^ ' Dodge for a Dinner ' (q.v.). (,.KE, performed at the John Street The- a.', New York, in 1797. lUnkum MuUer. A "piece of ex- t^agance," m one act, by H. T. Craven i-n4P^^'-?;'^^'^ ^^ *^® Haymarket Theatre inj,64 with E A. Sothern in the title part. ^ .mkurn Muller," wrote Henry Morley, diff- Y^ -i^^'*^ ^^®" meant for a gushing dlaatist with a scolding wife, and nothinl evlV^^" ^ P^'"^y Pickwick to console him! espt the bust of Shakespeare which he takes into his confidence, and which is the only other person who appears with him upon the stage." The "invisible parties^ include the wife, Tickler, a policeman, and organ-grinders. ' ^^^^ Bunn, Alfred. Theatrical manager born 1796 (or 97), died December 20 I860 • was, in 1823 appointed (by Elliston) stage- manager of Drury Lane Theatre. Ten yefrs later he undertook the direction both of Drury Lane and of Covent Garden, retiring from the latter in 1835. Of his direction of Drury Lane we read that "there was not a style of entertainment that Bunn did not essay ; he began with the legitimate drama, 11^ J'^^^ended, m 1839, to tight-rope dancers and Van Amburgthe iion-tamer. . . . Opera however, was the staple fare ; he gave English versions of Weber's and Rossini's operas, mutilated, it is true, but compe- tently rendered ; he treated his patrons to German opera, and Jullien's Promenade Con- certs, varied by tableaux vivants, and Mac- ready, Phelps and Mrs. Warner in tragedy" (H. B Baker). In 1840 he became bank- rupt, but his connection with Drury Lane renewed in 1844, did not close till 1848 In this second enterprise, " operas, ballets, ex- travaganzas, and pantomimes were his prin- cipal productions ; indeed, Drury Lane was tor years an opera-house rather than a theatre. Here were produced Balfe's ' Bo- hemian Girl,' 'Maid of Honour,' and many other of his works ; Benedict's ' Brides of Venice,' WaUace's 'Maritana,' etc." The result was again failure, and Bunn retired penniless to Boulogne. In 1840 he had pub- lished an account of his career as manager, entitled ' The Stage before and behind the Curtain.' He was also the reputed author of A VV^ord with Punch,' in which he re- plied to the attacks made upon him by the Fleet Street jester. Bunn wrote, further ' Kenilworth,' an historical drama (printed 1825) ; ' The Minister and the Mercer,' a ?o™^6 " Mrs. Bunn has every preference— it is "that line that may be called the heavy tragedy, i.e. Lady Macbeth, Elvira etc. She cannot represent what is generally un- derstood bv the softer passions, but she can represent those passions in tlieir intensity. . , Give her the extreme of any emotion, aiid she can render it faithfully. . • • Her Meq Merrilies is the best after Mrs. Egerton's Her Helen McGregor is a good assumption. . . . Against all jier at- tempts in comedy, we enter our decided protest" ('Dramatic Biography ). Bunny. (1) Mr. Biinmj is a philan- thropist in Stirling Coyne's ' Black bheep (a V ). (2) Mr. and Caroline Bunny are cha- mctersin J. M. Morton's ' Drawing-Rooms, etc' (3) A Mr. and Mrs. Bunny figure in H. J. Byron's ' Auntie ' {q.v.). Bunnytliorne, Mr. and Bob. Cha- racters in T. W. ROBERTSONS 'Progi-ess iq.v.). Bnnsby's Wedding. See Brougham, John. Bunter, Mr., Mrs., and Fanny, appear in Taylor and Dubourg's 'New Men and Old Acres ' {q.v.). Bunthorne, Reginald. The spsthetic poet in GILBERT and Sullivan's Patience {q.v.). Bunthunder, Mrs. Leonora, in WS GILBERT'S 'Wedding March' ^q.v.), is the ladv whose straw hat is, so to speak, the pivot of the play. Bunting-, Corporal. ^ character in W. T. MONCRIEFF'S ' Eugene Aram {q.v.). Buonaparte ; or, The Freeboot "A poor drama by Ripon" (Genest), 1.. (2) ' Buonaparte's Invasion of Russia : . equestrian piece in three acts, by J. . AMHERST {q.v.), first performed at Astl s Amphitheatre on April 4, 1825. with Gon • sal as Napoleon. This piece deals with j retreat of the French from ISIoscow. i the second act, Buonaparte pardons a yo ; Russian who had fired at him and tears 3 epaulettes from a French officer who ; I insulted a Russian lady. This scene j considerable merit. Gomersal is said to 1 3 had a striking resemblance to Napolc. His representation of the character wm perfect piece of acting" (Genest). a Napoleon. ; Buonaparte, Father. See Fat: ;j Buonaparte. Buonocore. King of the Golden L; :, in W. BROUGH'S 'Prince Amabel {q.v.\, Buoyant Augustus A charact(;|i Pevke's 'Duel' {q.v.). (2) bir ATM Buoyant figures in Palgraye SIMPS ,S ' Poor Cousin Walter ' {q.v.). \ Burbaee, James. Actor and )• atrical manager, died 1597 ; appears to .;e been originally a joiner. I" ^ hst of .e Earl of Leicester's players, dated Way, ^ I, his name stands first. In April, lo<( le secured a twenty-one years lease of .; le ground lying a "little to the ^ort Holywell Lane " between Finsbnry F U and the Bishopsgate and ijljo^edi cli 1 • Hereon he erected " the first 1) ukhng n is country specially intended f or theatrica r- formances" (S. L. Lee). .This he c d simply, The Theatre. His son Cutl rt deSes him as " the first builder of y- howses, and himself e in his younger yee a plaver . " "The Theater," he adds, ' hee It with many hundred poundes taken 1 at interest." Here Burbage P^'oduced th d play of ' Hamlet ' and .Marlowe s Fau , and was altogether financially succe il In February, 1595-6, he acquired part a large house in Blackfriars, and in >. ^a- ber° 1596 opened it as the Blackfmr >e^ atre. He next tried to secure a prolong on for ten years of his lease of the gTOU in Shoreditch, but, the landlord being jv nj to concede five years on y, Burbage as drawn into legal Pyo^eedmgs which ^re still in progress when he died L 'e Cuthbert, he had another son Ri JJ {q.v.), whose fame as an actor hf ? "^ outshone his own. See HalliweU-Ph ps « Outlines of the Life of ^hakespeare J . •Dictionary of National Biography ( o^' also, London Theatres. pJS^»(P^^-^| feiS?tnifpJ:^t/ln^ffi| friars and Shoreditch Theatres In 99- Richard and his brother Cuthbert re^i of controversy with the ground Ian rd pulled down the playhouse .mShoie c^ and utilized the materials in the er i"*" BURBAGE 229 BURGOMASTER OF SAARDAM of the building in Southwark which they called the Globe [see London Theatres]. It is likely that Richard took to the stage as a child, making his ddbut at the Shore- ditch Theatre. Little, however, is definitely known about his youth and early manhood, except that he grew steadily in powers and popularity ; during the last two or three decades of his life he was recognized as the oremost actor of his time. He was a pro- inent member of the Lord Chamberlain's orapany of players, in which Shakespeare Iso was included. There is record of his laying before Queen Elizabeth at Green- wich Palace in 1594 ; also, that between 1598 and 1618 he appeared in many dramas by Ben Jonson and Beaumont and Fletcher, as well as in "Webster's ' Duchess of Malfi ' (q.v.). But his greatest fame, it is clear, was [achieved by his representation of Shake- speare's most notable characters. From ' A Funeral Elegy,' of which several versions exist, it seems certain that he was the priginal Hamlet, Othello, and i^ear, and that pe may have been the first performer of Shakespeare rdles scarcely less notable. Says the elegiast— " He's gone, and with him what a world is dead, . . . No more young Hamlet, old Hieronimo, Kind Lear, the grievtd Moor, and more beside That lived in him have now for ever died." Richard III. was " a part in which he was jarticularly celebrated ; " " his supremacy n the character lingered for many years in he recollection of the public" (llalliwell- Phillips). In his ' Short Discourse of the ^Inglish Stage,' Richard Flecknoe says of Burbage that " he was a delightful Proteus, wholly transforming himself into his lart and putting off himself with his lothes, as lie never (not so much as in the Tyring House') as-*um'd himself again intil the Play was done. . . . He had all lie parts of an excellent actor (animating lis words with speaking and speech with ction ) . . . never falling in his part when e had done speaking, but with his looks nd gesture maintaining it still unto the eighth." [See, also, Flecknoe's tribute to Jurbage in verse.] To the actor's powers s a painter several references are extant, a Sir Thomas Overbury's "character" of an excellent actor," which is held to have ad Burbage for its subject, M-e read that he is much affected to painting, and it is question whether that makes him an xcellent player or his playing an excellent ainter." In the title of Middleton's pitaph on the actor he is described as that great master in his art and quality, ainting and playing." There is a picture y Burbage in the Dulwich College Gallery, urbage tigures in his own person both in The Return from Parnassus,' printed in 306 (act iv. sc. 5), and in Webster's in- action to Marston's 'Malcontent' (1604). ee HalliM-ell-Phillips' ' Outlines of the if e of Shakespeare ' (1885), ' Dictionary of ational Biography' (1SS6), etc. Austin 'obson has a rondeau in which we are re- dded that— When Burbadge played, the stage was bare Of fount and temple, tower and stair ; Two b,-ickswor(i3 eked a battle out ; Two supers made a rabble rout ; The Throne of Denmark was a ch.iir I And yet, no less the audience there Thrilled through all changes of Despair, Hope, Anger, Fear, Delight, and Doubt, When Burbadge played !" Burchell (Sir William Thornhill) figures in all the dramatizations of ' The Vicar of Wakefield' («7. 17.). See Olivia, (2) There is a Burchcll in J. M. MORTON'S ' The King and I' (g. v.). Burg-es, Sir J. Bland. See City Madam, The. Burgress, Mrs. Author of * The Oaks ; or, Beauties of Canterbury,' a comedy (1780). Burg-ess, Neil. Actor, born at Boston, U.S.A., in 1846 ; first appeared as the Widow Bedott in a play by D. R. Locke at Providence, R.I., in March, 1879, and as Abigail Prue in Barnard's ' County Fair ' (q.v.) at Burlington, N.J., in October, 1888. Burg-li, Bernard de. The noin de guerre adopted by Barnabas Brough (father of Lionel, William, and Robert B. Brough) in the production of some dramatic pieces. Burgh, Hubert de. See Hubert de Burgh. Burglar (The). A play by Augustus Thomas, adapted from Mrs. F. H. Burnett's story, ' Editha's Burglar' (q.v.). Burglar and the Bishop (The). A musical vaudeville, words by Sir J. J. CoGHiLD, Bart., music by Welle.sley Batson, Pier Theatre, Folkestone, May 22, 1893. Burglar and the Judge (The). A farce in one act, by F. C. Philips and C. H. E. Brookfield, first performed at the Hay- market Theatre, London, on November 5. 1892, with C. H. E. Brookfield and Cyril Maude in the title parts. Burglar's Baby (The). A comedy- drama in three acts, by John Douglass and Charles Williams ; Lyric Theatre, Ealing, October 27, 1897. Burglars. A farcical tragedy in three acts, by Mark Mrlford, first performed at the Theatre Royal Brighton, March 2, 1885 ; produced at the Avenue Theatre, London, April 9, 1885, under the name of ' A Reign of Terror' (q.v.). (2) 'The Burglars:' a play by J. A. Eraser, performed in U.S.A. Burgomaster of Saardam (The); or, The Two Peters. A comic piece by F. Reynolds, performed at Covent Gar- den in September, 1818, with Listen as the Burgotnaster, Abbott as Peter Michaelhoff (the Czar), Farley as Peter Flimmin, Miss Foote as Catherine, etc. This piece, ap- parently, was revived at the Haymarket in September, 1824, under the title of ' 'Twould Puzzle a Conjurer,' and with Liston as Van Dunder (the Burgomaster), Cooper as Peter (the Czar), Harley as Peter Stanmitz, Mrs. Chatterley as Bertha, etc. Van Dunder, BURGOYNE 230 BURLESQUE who cannot read, receives written orders to tind out -n-hich of the two Peters is the Czar, who is working, incognito, as a ship- carpenter. Burgroyne, Jolin. Soldier and dra- matic An-iter, born 1722, died 1792 ; author of 'The Maid of the Oaks' (1774), 'The Heiress' (17S6), the libretto of 'The Lord of the Manor' (17S0), and a translation of Sedaine's libretto of Gretry's ' Richard Coeur de Lion' (17S5) — all of which see. See, also, ' The Dramatic and Poetical Works of the late Lieut.-General John Burgoyne' (ISOS), and ' Political and Military Episodes de- rived from the Life and Correspondence of the Rt. Hon John Burgoyne ' (1875). Buridan. An Italian captain in G. Almar's ' Tower of Nesle ' iq.v.). Buried Talent (A). A play in three scenes, by Louis N. Parker, originally produced' at Sherborne, Dorset, December . 3, 1SS6, with Louis Calvert as Marix ; af cer- Avards at the Royalty Theatre, Glasgow, on May 23, 1890, with B. Greet as Maris, C. Dalton as Pietro, and Mrs. P. Campbell as Stella ; at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on June 5, 1S90, with Mre. Campbell as Stella, and other parts by Ben Greet and Bassett Roe ; at the Comedy Theatre, London, May 19, 1892, with C. H.' E. Brooktield as Maris and Miss Vane Featherston as Stella. Burke, Charles Saint Thomas. Actor, born in Philadelphia, March 27, 1822 ; son of Thomas Burke (q.v.) and Cornelia Francis Thomas ; made his professional debut in 1S36 at the National Theatre, Neyv York, as the Prince of Wales in ' Richard III.' In the following" year he joined the travel- ling company of Jefferson (the third), who had married' his mother, and in this con- nection (as well as with Sol. Smith and others) he had much provincial experi- ence. He reappeared in New York in July, 1847, at the Bowery, as Calf in ' Ole Bull ' and Dickory in ' The Spectre Bridegroom.' Here he remained for a year, migrating in August, 1848, to the New National Theatre, witn which he was associated till 1851. From 1851 to 1854 he toured through the States. His last appearance on the I'oards was made at the Chestnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, in February. 1854, as Ichabod Crane in ' Murrell the Land Pirate.' He died in the following November. His most notable parts were Touchstone, Aguecheel; Slender, Launce, Launcelot Gobbo, Marrall, Bailie Nicol Jarvie, Dr. Ollapod, Zekiel Homespun, Bob Acres, Grandfather White- head, Paul Pry, Mark Meddle, Caleb Plum- oner, Billy Buwbell (in ' The Illustrious Stranger'), Clod Meddlenot (in 'The Lady of the Lions'), Mettamarer (a travesty of Edwin Forrest in 'The Female Forty Thieves'), and Rip Van Wiiikle in a drama wi-itten by himself. He was also the author of a play called 'The Revolution,' and of a burles'que in which he represented Mr. McGrecdy (a skit on the famous actor). "His long, emaciated figure— agile, supple, and graceful— seemed," says Winter, "ex- pressly made for queer comic contort is and gi'otesque attitudes. His counten: ;e was capable of gi-eat variety of expres: n, ranging from ludicrous eccentricity to j .i- ful sadness." He married, first, Margjt Murcoyne (1818-1849), and, afterwards, s. Sutherland (mother of lone Burke, . .). See L. Hutton's ' Plays and Players ' (1 >), Winter's ' The Jeffersons ' (1881),' etc. Burke, lone. Actress ; daught of ^Irs. Sutherland, who married C. S T. Burke (q.v.). ; was in the cast of ' Tht y. coon ' at Laura Keene's Theatre, New "5 k, in 1860 ; was Little Em'ly in the play of at name at Niblo's Garden in 1869, and fi^ ed in De Leon's ' Pluck ' at Lina Ed I's Theatre in 1871. Burke, John D. Author of ' Bi :er Hill ; or, The Death of General Wa -m' (q.v.) (1797). Burke, Joseph. Actor, born in D lin in 1818 ; played Tom Thumb in that c in 1824 ; made his London debut at the ly- market in June, 1825, as Dr. O'Toi. in ' The Irish Tutor,' and was seen at the irk Theatre, New York, in 1830, as Dr. lole and Young Norval. He was known ; she " Irish Roscius." Burke, Thomas. Actor, born ii ng- land ; died at Baltimore in June, 1825 ; ide his American debut at Charles ton in >02, and his first appearance in New Y( in 1813. He married Cornelia Thomas, ter- wards Mrs. Joseph Jefferson. Burleig-h, Lord. A character n The Spanish Armada' (in 'The Critic,' q.i Burlesque figures as one o the draJJiatis personre both in Planche'S '.imp at the Olympic' (q.v.) and in J. S. C VE'S ' Buckstone at Home' (q.v.). I the former piece she is represented as cing up the cudgels on her own behalf. P iche made Mrs. Alfred Wigan say to h "I thought your aim was but to mj s us laugh ; " to which Burlesque replied- " Those -who think so but understand me half.' Did not my thrice-renowned Thomas Thum . That mighty mite, make mouthing Fustian lb? Is Tilburina's m.idness void of matter? ^ Did great Bombastes strike no nonsense flat ' H. J. Byron has made the same cli.ifor the dramatic genre in which he oseli excelled : — ' " Burlesque is like a winnowing machine. ^ It simply blows away the husks, you know ; The goodly corn is not moved by the blow. What arrant rubbish of the claptrap schoo' Has vanished — thanks to pungent ridicule ! ; For an account of stage travesty in E iMid, from the days of Shakespeare dowi,3 0ur own time, see ' A Book of Burlesque 189|)' See, also, articles on burlesque ■ the ' Gentleman's Magazine ' (by C. wdeii Clarke), vol. 7, new series ; the ' ,»xy_ (R. G. White), vol. S; 'Harpers Mf'fme (L. Hutton), vol. 81; ' Cornhill 'Oft^a- zine,' vol. 4; 'Sharpe's Magazine,' '• i>»; BURLETTA BURN AND i« Temple Bar,' vol. 29; ' Tinsley's Maga- tzine,' vols. 37 and 39, etc. Burletta. The description applied to a large proportion of the pieces presented at the minor London playhouses during the period in which the right to perform dramatic works was confined to the patent theatres. When the Crown lawyers were called upon to define what was meant by "burletta," they confessed they could not tell. " For my own part," writes Colraan the younger in his ' Random Records ' (1830), "the rooted notions of an old theatrical stager make it difficult for me to consider a, burletta otherwise than as a drama in rhyme, and which is entirely musical ; a short comic piece consisting of recitation ind singing, wholly accompanied more or less by the orchestra." This view is main- tained by Charles Cowden Clarke, who, in Ithe ' Gentleman's Magazine ' (vol. 7, new series), says: "The 'burletta' (which means nothing more than ' a little jest ') is jonfined simply to scenes of gay and sprightly humour. Its characteristics, like .ts title, are diminutive ; moreover, it is iJways associated with music — it is, in ihort, a little comic opera, or musical farce." \.t first the minor theatrical managers naintained the musical features of the ' burle\:ta ; " but those features Avere gradii- lUy reduced until they disappeared alto- gether, and the word "burletta" came to )e applied to any short dramatic piece, whether comic or romantic. The use of it lied out with the abolition, in 1833, of the ipecial rights of the patent theatres. See )nce a Week, vol. 12 (Button Cook). - - Btirling-ton Arcade (The). A bur- etta in one act, by C. Dance (q.v.), first lerformed at the Olympic Theatre, London, n December 17, 1838, with Keeley as Wig- on, T. Green as Beady, Brougham as y Slack, J. Bland as Long staff, Mrs Mac- amara as Mrs. Cloud, and Mrs. Orger as liss Moss. . Bvirmah. See Life of Pleasure, I Burmese "War. See Amherst. J. A. Burnand, Francis Cowley. Dra- matic and miscellaneous writer, born rovember 29, 1836 ; author of the following jtage pieces :—' Villikins and his Dinah' 1855), 'Lord Lovel' (1856), 'Alonzo the f.rave' (1857), 'Dido' a860), 'Deerfoot' 1:861), 'The King of the Morrows' (1861), [Fair Rosamond' (1862), 'Robin Hood' '■•862), 'Ixion' (1863), 'The Deal Boatman' S63), ' Patient Penelope ' (1863), ' Madame erUot's Ball' (1863), ' Rumplestiltskin ' 5G4), ' Snowdrop ' (1864), ' Windsor Castle ' .8G5), ' L'Africaine ' (1865), ' Paris ' (1866), ' [Latest Edition of Black-Eyed Susan ' (1866), ' [Latest Edition of Helen ' (1867), ' Olympic ' ames ' (1S67), ' Mary Turner ' (1867), libretto The Contrabandista ' (1867), 'Humbug' ^G7), 'Hit and Miss' (1868), 'The White awn' (1S68), ' Fowl Play ' (1S6S), ' The Rise Kl Fall of Richard III.' (1868), ' The Fright- ilHair (1868), 'Fayre Rosamonde' (1808), libretto of ' Inquire Within ' (1868), • Claude Duval ' (1869), ' The Girls of the Period ' (1869), ' The Military Billy Taylor ' (1869), ' The Turn of the Tide ' (1869), ' Very Little Faust and more Mephistopheles ' (1869), 'The Beast and the Beauty ' (1869), ' Morden Grange ' (1869), 'Sir George and a Dragon' (1870), 'F. M. Julius Cnsesar' (1870), 'Eliz-abeth' (1870), ' The White Cat ' (1870), ' Dead Man's Point ' (1871), ' Poll and Partner Joe ' (1871), •Paul Zegers' (1871), 'Arion' (1871), 'La Vie Parisienne,' a translation (1872), ' King Kokatoo ' (1872), libretto of ' Little Chang ' (1872), libretto of ' My Aunt's Secret ' and ' Very Catching ' (1872), ' La Belle Hel6ne,' an adaptation (1873), ' Our own Antony and Cleopatra ' (1873), ' Kissi-Kissi ' (1873), •Little Tom Tug' (1873), libretto of 'Mil- dred's W^ell ' (1873), ' The Great Metropolis ' (1874), ' Ixion Re- Wheeled ' (1874), ' Archie Lovell,' an adaptation (1874), ' Here's Another Guy Mannering' (1874), libretti of 'He's Coming vul Slumborough' and 'One Too Many ' (1874), 'Proof Positive ' (1875), libretto of ' A Tale of Old China ' (1875), ' On the Rink' (1876), libretto of 'Matched and Mated' (1876), libretto of 'King Indigo' (1877), 'Artful Cards' (1877), 'Our Babes in the Wood' (1877), ' The Musical Box' (1877), ' Family Ties ' (1877), ' Proof ' (1877), ' Jeames ' (1878), ' Over-Proof ' (1878), ' The Red Rover ' (1878), ' Dora and Diplunacy ' (1878), ' Our Club' (1878), 'Betsy,' an adaptation (1879), ' Boulogne ' (1879), ' Unlimited Cash ' (1879). ♦Robbing Roy' (1879), 'The Hunchback Back Again' (1880), 'Ourselves' (1880), ' Valentine and Orson ' (1880), ' Whittingtou and his Cat ' (1881), ' A Lesson,' an adapta- tion (1881), 'The Colonel' (1881), libretto of ' Sandford and Morton's Christmas Party ' (1881), 'The Manager' (1882), 'Blue Beard' (1883), ' Ariel ' (1883), ' Stage-Dora ' (18S3). ' Just in Time ' (1884), ' Camaralzaman ' (1884), 'Paw Clawdian' (1884), 'Mazeppa' (1885), ' The O'Dora ' (1885), ' Faust and Loose' (1886), 'The Doctor' (1887), 'Airey Annie ' (1888), libretto of ' PickAvick ' (1889), •The Headless Man' (1889), lyrics of 'Domestic Economy' (1890), libretto of • La Cigale ' (1890), libretto of ' Captain Th^r^se' (1890), ' Tra la la Tosca' (1890), lyrics of 'The Tiger' (1890), 'Private In- quiry' (1890), libretto of 'Miss Decima' (1891), libretto of 'Incognita' (1892), 'The Saucy Sally' (1892), 'The Orient Express' (1893), and the libretto of ' The Chieftain ' (1894) ; also, of ' Boabdil el Chico' {q.v.), ' Guy Fawkes' Day' (q.v.), 'Romance under Diffi- culties,' ' In for a Holiday.' He is co-author, with Montagu Williams, of 'B. B.' (1860), 'The Turkish Bath' (1861), 'Easy Shaving' (1863), ' Volunteers' Ball ' (1860), ' Carte de Visite ' (1862), and ' The Isle of St. Tropez ' {q.v.) ; with J. M. Mrnton, of ' Cox and Box ' (1867) ; with Arthur Sketchley, of ' All About the Battle of Dorking' (1871); with H. J. Byron. W. S. Gilbert, and R. Reece, of ' The Forty Thieves ' (1878) ; with H. P. Stephens, of 'Balloonacy' (1879) and 'The Corsican Brothers and Co.' (1880), and, with R. C. Lehmann, of the libretto of 'His Majesty' (1897). See his 'History of the A.D.C BURNETT BURTON Cambridge ' (1S80), and his chapter of auto- biography in the Theatre for February, 1S83. Burnett, Frances Hodg-son. Dra- matic and miscellaneous Avriter ; author of the following plays :— ' The Real Little Lord Fauntleroy' 11888), 'Phyllis' (1889), 'The Showman'^s Daughter' (1891), 'The First Gentleman in Europe' (1897), ' A Little Un- fairy Princess ' (1902), ' The Pretty Sister of Jose ' (1903), ' That Man and I,' etc. ; also co-author, -with W. Gillette, of 'Esmeralda' ('Young Folks' Ways,' 1882), and, with 8. Townsend, of 'Nixie' (1890), ' Editha's Burglar ' (1890), and ' A Lady of Quality ' (1897). Burnett, J. P. Actor and dramatic writer ; is the author of a dramatization of •Bleak House' {q.v.) (1875), and of 'Good Luck' (1885); also, co-author, with R, J. Martin, of 'Midge' (1879). He was in the original cast of ' Midge,' and also in that of ' The Golden Band ' (1887) and of ' The Pointsman ' (1887). Burney, Estelle. Actress and play- wright ; made her dihut in the former capacity at the Avenue Theatre, London, in June, 1891, as Jeanne in a version of Ohnet's 'Serge Panine' (7.1'). She was afterwards the tirst representative of Margaret Byng in Philips and Fendall's play' so named (1891), of Beata in Austin Fryer's drama so entitled (1892), of Margot in 'The County' {q.v.) (1892). of Helen Peyton in A. Benham's ' Awakening' (1892), and of Dorothy Wendover in Parker and Carson's ' David ' ( 1892). She has also been .seen in London as Madame L'llery in ' A Caprice' (1892). She is the author of ' An Idyll of the Closing Century ' (q.v.) and •Settled out of Court' (1897), as well as part-author of 'The County' {q.v.). Burnish, Captain. A character in Bayle Bernard's 'Nervous Man' (q.v.). Burnt Offering" (A). A drama in one act, by Austin Fryers and John M.Fisher, St. Alban's Mission Hall, Gray's Inn Road, London, July 17, 1894. Burroug-hs, Marie. Actress, born in San Francisco : played the leading female role in the origmal production of 'Alpine Roses ' (1884), ' The Rajah,' ' Elaine,' and 'Margery's .Lovers' (18S7), and also in the first representations in America of 'Part- ners,' ' Saints and Sinners,' ' Judah,' ' The Scapegoat ' (1894), etc. Burrs (The), in Oxenford's ' Porter's Knot' (qv.), include Samson, his son Augustus, his niece Alice, and his wife. (2) There is a servant named Jacob Burr in • Chesterfield Thinskin' {q.v.). Burt. Actor; a pupil of Robinson, and a member of Killigrew's company at Drury Lane from August, 1663, onwards. Popular, when a youth, as a representative of female characters, he made a success, later, as Cicero in ' Catiline ' {q.v.). Burton, "William Evans. Actor and playwright, born in London, September, 1804 ; died New York, February, ISOO ; son of a printer. Educated at St. Paul's School, London, he succeeded to his father's busi- ness, and became editor of a monthly mis- cellany. Some practice as an amateur "actor, however, led him to the stage, and in 1825 he joined a company " on circuit." His first appearance in London was made in 1831 at the Pavilion Theatre as Wormivood in ' The Lottery Ticket,' and in the following year he had a short engagement at the Hay- market, during which he played Marrall to the Overreach of Edmund Kean. In 1834 he went to America, making his d4but at the Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia, on Sep- tem.ber 3, as Worimvood, and as Dr. Ollapod in ' The Poor Gentleman.' At Philadelphia , he remained for four years. His New York , debut took place on October 31, 1837, at the National Theatre as Guy Goodluck in 'John Jones.' He was at the same theatre in February, 1839, appearing later in the year at Niblo's. In 1840 he was at the Park. In 1840, also, he " fitted up" a circus build- ing in Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, open-, ing it under the name of " The National Theatre." In April, 1841, he became manager of the National Theatre, New York, where he was as prosperous as at Philadelphia: but the building was unhappily destroyed by fire, and to Philadelphia he went again. Here !he leased successively the Chestnut and Arch Street Theatres, assuming tht management also of the Washington Theatre and of the Front Street Theatre, Baltimore In July, 1848, he undertook the direction 0: Palmo's Opera House, New York, hencef ortl to be known as Burton's Theatre. Here h(, held sway till September, 1856, laying thi main foundation of his celebrity as actor am manager. He revived 'A ^Midsummer Night' , Dream,' ' Twelfth Night,' ' The Merry Wive of Windsor,' ' The Winter's Tale,' and 'Th Tempest,' himself playing Bottom, Sir Tdb. Belch, Falstaff, Autolycus, and Caliban. H produced dramatizations of ' Dombey ani Son,' ' David Copperfield,' ' Oliver Twist ' Nicholas Nickleby,' and ' Pickwick,' hin self appearing as Cajjiain Cuttle, Bumbh Micawber, Squeers, and Sam Weller. Amon other productions were those of ' The Serior ' Family* and of 'The Toodles' (1848), i which he made his special successes n spectivelv as Aminadab Sleek and Timoth Toodle. in 1850 he played Touchstone i the Aston Place Opera House, and i, 1853 he was the original William Lit in 'The Fox Hunt.' In 1856 he opem, in New York the Metropolitan or Burton New Theatre, and in the following yei figured there as Dogberry. He left tl Metropolitan in 1858. and in 1859 made : Niblo's what proved to be his last appea ance in New York. His last performan on any stage was at Hamilton, Canada, t December 16, 1S59. Notable imperson tions bv Burton, beside those nameil abov were Sir George Thunder, Job ThortiHri Whiskerandos, Graves (in ' Money ';, a: Triplet (in ' IMasks and Faces '). He vi the author of several dramatic pieces : ' 1 j^ BURVILLE BUSSY I Court Fool,' ' Ellen Wareham ' (q.v.), ' Forty- Winks,' ' The Ladies' Man,' ' The Player's Progress,' 'The Slave King,' etc. "His pictures from Dickens," says W. L. Keese, "were careful studies, revealing fine sym- pathy and appreciation ; his Shakespearean delineations were felicitous interpretations of the master's spirit. In the extravagance of farce it was impossible to be funnier than he was. Mirth came from him in exhala- tions. . . . Other qualities of his acting were a simple and natural pathos, and an earnest- ness in the expression of homely feeling, blent with dignity." See ' William E. Burton —Actor, Author, and Manager,' by W. L. Keese (1885), W. B. Wood s * Personal Re- collections,' F. C. Wemyss's 'Theatrical Biography,' L. Hutton's ' Plays and Players,' Ireland's ' New York Stage.' and * Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and the United States' (1886). Burville, Alice. Actress and vocalist; appeared in Matthison and Supp^'s ' Ten of 'Em ' at Drury Lane Theatre in Decem- ber, 1874. She was the original representa- tive in London of Fleur d'Amour in 'Dagobert' (1875), the heroine of ' Fleur de Th^ ' (1875), and Fiammetta in ' Boccaccio ' (1882), besides being seen them as Genevieve de Brabant (Philharmonic Theatre, 1878), Josephine in 'H.M.S. Pinafore' (Op^ra Comique, 1878), Clairette in 'Madame Angot ' (Drury Lane Theatre, 1880), etc. Bury Fair. A comedy by Thomas Sh A DWELL (.q.v.), performed at the The- atre Royal in 1689, witli Mountfort as Wildish, Leigh as La Roche, Mrs. Boutel as Mrs. Fantast, Betterton as Lord Bella my, Underbill as Oldwit, Nokes as Sir Ilum- 2jhrey Noddij, Bowman as Trim. Mrs. Butler as Philadelphia, Mrs. xMountfort as Mrs. Gertrude, and Mrs. Cosey as Ladij Fantast. Wildish dresses La Roche up to represent a French count, in whicli character he captures the affections of Mrs. Fantast. In the end Wildish confesses the imposture, and Mrs. Fantast and her mother are duly mortified. Sir Humphrey and Trim are suitors of Lady Fantast. Bush Rang-ers (The). A play by F. Marsden, founded on W. H. Thome's novel so named. Business is Business. A comedy in three acts, by Horace Wigan, first per- formed at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, on June 22, 1874. Busiris. A tragedy by Edward Young (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on March 7, 1718, with Ebrington as Busiris, (King of Egypt), Booth as Myron (his son). Wilks as Memnon, Mills as Nicanor, Mrs. Oldfield as Mandane {Nicanofs daughter), and Mrs. Thurmond as Myris (wife of : Busiris). Memnon, who loves Mandane, is a conspirator against the king, who had murdered his predecessor on the throne. Myron ravishes Mandane, and her father thereupon joins ISremnon in his enterprise. Memnon and Myron meet in battle, and the latter is slain; Memnon and Mandane then kill themselves. Busiris dies of his wounds, and Myns is torn in pieces by the populace. "The language is too frequently bombast, but some parts of it are well written" (Genest). Busk. (1) A character in Theodork Hook's ' Killing no Murder ' (q.v.). (2) A conjurer and stroller (afterwards a stoker) in E. L. Blanchard's ' Faith, Hope, and Charity' (q.v.). (3) A character in Kenney's * Love, Law, and Physic' (q.v.). Buskin and Belvi. Murder. See Killing no Bussy D'Ambois. A tragedy in five acts, by George Chapman (q.v.), first printed in 1607 "as it hath been often pre- sented at Paul's." It Avas reprinted in 1608, 1616, 1641, and 1657— the text of 1641 having been " much corrected and amended by the author before his death." " The ground- work of the play," wrote the editor of a re- print in 1814-15, " was historical. D'Ambois lived in the time of Henry III. [of France], and was celebrated for his personal accomp- lishments and his valour." In the tragedy, the king's brother takes D'Ambois, who is Eoor, under his protection, and introduces im to the king. Tamyra, wife of Mont- surry, falls in love with ^D'Ambois, and has secret interviews with him. Meanwhile, the king's brother, displeased with the favour- shown to D'Ambois by Henry, and having heard of his proteyii's intrigue -with Tamyra, betrays the lovers'^to Montsurry, who causes D'Ambois to be killed, l)ut, in the end, for- gives Tamyra. Thomas D'Urfey records that about 1675 he saw Hart play D'Ambois. The play, " in spight of the obsolete phrases and intolerable fustian with which a great part of it was cramm'd, had some extraordinary- beauties which insensibly charmed " him. This no doubt led to his adapting the tra- gedy to suit his own views, and producing it at the Theatre Royal in 1691, with Mount- ford as D'Ambois, Powell as Montsurry, Freeman as the King, Hodgson as h'is brother, Kynaston as the Duke of Guise, Verbruggen as Bariser, Bright as Maf^, Bowen as a fencing-master (introduced),. Mrs. Lassels as the Duchess of Guise, Mrs. Cory as Teresia, and Mrs. Bracegirdle as Tamyra. D'Urfey represented Tamyra as engaged to D'Ambois before she married Montsurry, and made her kill herself in the end. Dryden characterized Chapman's work as "a jelly, nothing but a cold dull mass," with "repetition in abundance, looseness of expression, and gross hyperboles," "a hideous mingle of false poetry and true nonsense." In Hazlitt's opinion, the cha- racter from whom the play derives its name "is arrogant and ostentatious to an un- heard-of degree, but full of nobleness and lofty spirit. His pride and unmeasured pre- tensions alone take away from his real merit ; and by the quarrels and intrigues in which they involve him, bring about the catastrophe, which has considerable gran- BUSTER 234 BUTLER fleur and imposing effect, in the manner of Seneca." See Revenge of Bussy D'Ambois. Buster, Mr. and Mrs. Serg-eanl. Characters in Boucicault's 'Forbidden Fruit ' (q.v.). Bustle. Allget Bustle is a lawyer in A. L. Campbell's ' Lvtenshee Lovel.' (2) Mrs. and Bets\j Bustle ti^ure in J. PoOLE'S 'Delicate Attentions.' (3) 0. P. Bustle is a provincial theatrical manager in Peake'S ' Amateurs and Actors' {q v). Bustler, Billy. A character in Cum- berland's * First Love ' {q.v.)- Busy, Zeal-of-tlie-land. A Puri- tan, suitor to iJaine Purecraft, in BEN JONSON'S ' Bartholomew Fair ' {q-v.). Busybody (The). (1) A comedy in five acts, by Mrs. X'entlivre {q.v.), first per- formed'at Drury Lane on May 12, 1709, with Pack as Marplot, Estcourt as Sir Francis Gripe, Willis as Sir George Airy, Bullock as .Si> Jealous Traffick, Mills as Charles, Bullock, jun., as Whisper, Mrs. Cross as Miranda, Airs. Saunders as Patch, and Mrs. Rogers as Isabinda ; revived at the Hay- raarket in October, 1709, with Dogget as Marplot and Mrs. Porter as Isabinda; at Drury Lane in February, 1735, with Cibber, jun., as Marplot, Mrs.'Clive as Miranda, and Mrs. Pritchard as Patch ; at the Hay- market in August, 1755, with Mrs. Abington as Miranda; at Drury Lane in December, 175S, with Garrick as Marplot, Palmer as Airy, Yates as Gripe, Miss Macklin as Miranda, and Mrs. Clive as Patch ; at Covent Garden in March, 17.^9, with Shuter as Marplot ; at the same theatre in October, 1762, with Woodward as Marplot and Shuter as Gripe ; at Drury Lane in January, 1783, with King as Marplot, Baddeley as Traffick, Miss FaiTen as Miranda, and Miss Pope as Patch ; at Covent Garden in Decem- ber, 1790, with Lewis as Matylot, ]\Iunden as Grip>e, INIacready as Charles, Mrs. Pope as Miranda, and Mrs. Mountain as Isabinda ; at the Haymarket in October, 1793, with Bannister, jun., as Marplot ; at Drury Lane in December, 1802, with Suett as Gripe, Dowton as Traffick, and Mrs. Jordan as Miranda ; at the same theatre in January, 1816, with Harley as Marplot, Dowton as Gripe, and Miss Kelly as Patch; at the Haymarket in September, 1824, with W. Farren as Gripe, Vining as Aii-y, and Mrs. Gibbs as Patch; at Sadler's Wells in October, 1849, with H. IMarston as Airy, A. Younge as Gripe, G. K. Dickinson as Charles, Miss Fitzpatrick as Miranda, and Mrs. H. Marston as Patch; at Miss Kelly's Theatre in Dean Street, Soho, in January, 1850 ; at the Haymarket in June, 1855, with Chippendale as Gripe, Rogers as Traffick, Howe as Airy, W. Farren as Charles, Buck- stone as Marplot, Clarke as Whisper, Miss Reynolds as Miranda, and Miss E. Chaplin as Patch; at Drury Lane in November, 1856, with A. Younge as Gripe, Tilbury as Traffick, Roxby as Airy, C. J. Alathews as Marp>lot, and INIiss INL Oliver as Miranda ; at the Haymarket in November, 1871 (in three acts, the scenes between Isabinda and Charles being omitted), with Chippendale as Gripe, 11. Howe as Airy, and INIiss Madge Robertson as Miranda; at Wallack's The- atre, New York, in November, 1885 ; at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, January, 1870, with J. Lewis as Marplot, and other parts by W. Davidge, G. Holland, G. Clarke, Miss Agnes Ethel, and Miss F. Davenport. Of late years the comedy has been performed in the English provinces by a company headed by William Calvert and Miss Clara Cowper, The story goes that at rehearsal "Mr. Wilks had so mean an opinion of his part, that one morning in a passion he threw it off the stage into the pit, and swore that nobody would sit to hear such stuff. . . .• The dumb scene of Sir George with Miranda, and the history of the garden-gate, are both borrowed from Ben Jonson's comedy of ' The Devil's an Ass ' " (' Biographia Dramatica')- " The plot and the incidents,'^ wrote Sir Richard Steele, "are laid with that subtilty of spirit which is pecuhai to females of wit." Hazlitt says of the' piece: "It is not so profound in wit oi character as some other of the old comedies but it is nothing but bustle and gaiety froii; beginning to end. The plot never ceases- The ingenuity of contrivance is admirable The development of the story is an un interrupted series of what the French cal coups de thedtre, and the situations succeec one another like the changes of machiner; in a pantomime. It is a true comic panto mime." See, also, Dutton Cook's ' Night' at the Play ; ' likewise. Marplot. (2) I comedy translated from 'The Theatre o' Education ' of Aldme. de Genlis, and pub lished in 1781. But Ho-wever. A farce in one act; by H. Mayhew (q.v.) and H. Baylis (q.v.]' first performed at the Haymarket on Octo ber 30, 1838, with Wrench as Caleb Chizzler Strickland as Standwell, and Mrs. F. Mat thews as Mrs. Juniper. Among the persom are Proivl and Gaby. Butlired. A tragedy, attributed t. Charles Johnstone, author of ' Chrysal etc., and first performed at Covent Garde on December 8, 1778. We are told tha ' Buthred ' was pronounced ' Blue-thread: in Scotland and ' Butter-head ' in Irelam See the ' BiogTaphia Dramatica ' (1812). Butler (The). A comedy in three act; by Herman Merivale and Mrs. Mer. VALE, fir.st performed at the Theatre Koya Manchester, November 24, ISSG, with J. li Toole in the title part (David Trot), .• Billington as Sir John Tracey, E. D. War as Laurence Tracey, G. Shelton as Lor. Babicorabe, C. Lowne as Frank St. Joh) Miss Emily Thome as Lady Tracey, "hlv, V. Yanbrugh as Lady Anne, Aliss M. Linde as Alice, and Miss Kate Phillips as Lavim Muddle ; produced at Toole's Tlieatre, Loi don, on December 6, 1886, with the san cast as above. BUTLER BUZFUZ Butler, Fanny. See Kemble, Frances ANN. Butler> Mrs., acted under the manage- ment of GiHard at Goodman's Fields, and iftenvards (1742-3) at Lincoln's Inn Fields, where she was seen in February of the latter vear as Mrs. Frail. " Little is recorded of iier," says Genest, " but she seems to have been a respectable actress." Butler, Mrs. Gr. H. See Eytinge, Rose. Butler, Reuben. A character in various adaptations of ' The Heart of Midlothian ' Butler, Richard "William. Jour- aalist and dramatic -writer, born 1844 ; has ;been associated with Henkv Chance New- fTON (q-v.) in the aiithor.ship of dramatic pieces produced under the num de guerre of •'Richard-Henry" (^.r.). He has also had long and considerable experience (notably ,iu the Referee) as critic of the theatre. '.'i Butler, Samuel. Actor ; born 1797 ror 1804], died at Manchester, 1845 ; gained ihis first experience on the York Circuit, mak- ing his London (Jebiit at Covent Garden in pctober, 1832, as Hamlet, which was followed py other Shakespearean impersonations. He lafterwards "starred" at the Surrey, the [New City, and other minor theatres, also securing much popularity in the provinces. (He made his first appearance in America at ithe Park Theatre, New York, in Novem- - ber, 1841, as Hamlet. Latterly he gave up Sicting in favour of lecturing on Shakespeare. ■ IWestland Marston, Avho saw him at the Surrey, says : " He was a good elocutionist, ind had the excellent quality of abandoning himself to passion without self-criticism. Being already a proficient in the technical resources of his art, he trusted himself in ?ood faith to the leading impulses of the character. I do not think he was given to ■ rant. He occasionally exploded in sudden, ■ vehement bursts, but they had the effect of being spontaneous— the outcome of passion iccumulated and repressed. He was gifted, moreover, with a powerful voice. ... In ^hylocJc, I was more carried away by him, !0 genuine was his passion, than by any ither actor I have seen in the part. I could lot undertake to say that his interpretations were as profoujul as they were undoubtedly vivid. I do know, however, that he was teiTibly in earnest,' and that he had the power of rousing masses to enthusiasm. His excessive height was a great disadvan- tage, and stood in the way of his being fully appreciated" (' Our Recent Actors,' 1888).— His wife made her American debut at the Bowery, New York, in December, 1S41. Butler, Thomas Hamley. Musical jomposer, died 1823 ; wrote the music for , Cumberland's ' Widow of Delphi ' (1780). ■* I Buttercup. (1) Corn j/ a.nd Nancy But- :erciip, in O'Keei'E's ' Beggar on Horse- Dack' (q.v.), are brother and sister. (2) John Butlerctqj is a milkman in Brough's 'Phenomenon in a Smock Frock' (q.v.). (3) Prince Buttercup is the hero of F. C BuRNAND's ' White Fawn ' {q.v.). (4) Little Buttercup is the bumboat woman in ' H.M.S. Pinafore' {q.v.), and reappears in 'The Wreck of the Pinafore' {q.v.). Buttercup and Daisy. A musical comedy in three acts, written bv George Dance, composed by Arthur Richards and others. Court Theatre, Liverpool, June 17, 1895; Kilburn Theatre, London, September 9, 1895. Butterflies (The). A comedy in three acts, by H. G. Carleton (q.v.), first per- formed at the Hollis Street Theatre. Boston, U.S.A., December 26, 1893 ; at Palmer's Theatre, New York, February 5, 1S94, with John Drew and Miss Maud Adams in the chief roles. Butterfly. An adaptation, by :Mrs. COMYNS Carr, of 'Frou-Frou' {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety, Glasgow, on Sep- tember 12, 1879, with Miss Ellen Terry as the heroine, and Miss Fannv Pitt and Charles Kelly in other leading parts. Butterfly. A character in Dr. Bacon's ' Insigniticants ' (q.v.). (2) Beclcey Butterjbj figures in E. Fitzball's 'Inchcape Bell.' Butterfly Fever. See Gay Deceiver and Taming the Truant. Butterfly's Ball (The). A pantomime produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in December, 1846. Butterscotch Family (The), in Reece's 'Guv'nor' {q.v.), comprises Mr., Mrs., Freddy, and Kate. Button, Billy, in Foote's 'Maid of Bath.' (2) Button is a servant in F. Phillips's ' Bird in the Hand ' {q.v.). Buttoni. A page in H. J. Byron's •Cinderella' {q.v.). Butts. The landlord in W. Brough's ' Bona-tide Travellers.' (2) There is a Mrs. Deputy Butts in ' The Water Party ' {q.v.) ; and (3) Newinyton Butts is a character in W. Harrison's 'Special Performances.' See Newington Butts. Buxom Joan. A burletta by Thomas WiLLET, taken from the song of ' A Soldier and a Sailor' in 'Love for Love' {q.v.), and first performed at the Haymarket Theatre in June, 1778. Buy it, Dear, 'Tis made of Cash- mere. A burlesque by J. Horncastle of ' The Bayadere ; or, The Maid of Cashmere ; * first perfoi-med at Mitchell's Olympic, New York, in November, 1840. Buz, in 'Love and Gout ' (q.v.). Buzbee, Dr. A character in J. Stir- ling Coyne's ' Our National Defences.' Buzfuz, Serg-eant, figures in various dramatizations of the trial in 'Pickwick' (q.v.). BUZZARD 236 BYROX by Buzzard. (1) A short-sighted English- man in S. Lover's ' II Paddv Whack in Italia' (q.v.). (2) A sheriff's otiicer in J. M. :Morto.n'S ' Steeplechase ' (q.v.) (3) A cha- racter in J. Palgrave Simpson's ' World and Stage ' (q.v.). (4) Benjamin and Lucretla Buzzard appear in J. M. Morton's ' White- bait at Green^^^ch' (,q.v.). (5) There is a Joe Buzzard in SniS and Petiiti'S 'In the Ranks' (q.v.). By Command of the King-. A drama ' Edward Towers, New Pavilion Theatre, London, November 25, 1871. (2) 'By Com- mand of the Czar : ' a drama by R. Glover and Chas. M. Hermann, Victoria Theatre, London, November 5, 1877. By Land and Sea. A drama in four acts, by J. M. Campbell and J. L. Shine, Theatre Royal, Birmingham, June 8, 1886. By Proxy. A play by Charles Klein {q.v.), first performed at the Academy of Music, Newburg, New York State, May 16, 1892 ; Haarlem Opera House, New York, September 12, 1892. By Royal Command. A comedy- drama in three acts, by E. Stirling (q.v.), tirst performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in August, 1856, 'with a cast in- cluding F. Matthews, Emery, F. Vining, I\Iiss Fairbrother, and Mrs. F. Matthews. By Special Licence. A drama, in a prologue and four acts, by Frank Marryat, Tlieatre Royal, Longton, May 16, 1887. By Special Request. A comedietta by T. Malcolm AVatson, Strand Theatre, London, February 7, 18S7. By the Midland Sea. An " episode" by Jlstin Huntly M'Carthy, first per- formed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on June 21, 1892. By the River. By J. Wilton Joxes {q.v.). By the Sea. (1) A farce first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on April 8, 1872, with E. Atkins and Mrs. Raymond in the cast. (2) A drama in one act, adapted by Alec Nelson from Theuriet's 'Jeane- Marie.' Ladbroke Hall, London, November 28, 1887. See FARM BY THE Sea. By this Token. A farce by J. Keith Angus {q-v-), first perform.ed at Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, on May 6, 1SS4. By-and-by. A comedy romance in four acts, St. George's Hall, London, Feb- ruary 3, 1896. Byatt, Henry. Dramatic writer; author of 'The Brothers' (1887), 'John Thurgood, Farmer ' (1893), and the librettos of 'Pierrot's Dream ' (1893) and ' The Golden Age ' (1S;97) ; part-author, with H. Moss, of • The Wastrel ' (1894). Byeplay. A character in Brojle's ' xVntipodes ' (q.v.). Byerdale, Lord, in Sheridan Knowles'S ' Secretary' {q.v.). Byeways. A one-act piece by G. S. Payne, first performed at the (Jomedy Theatre, London, March 10, 1897. ■ Byg-ones. A comedietta by A. W. PiNERO, first performed at the Lyceum The- atre, London, on September 18, 1880, with Miss Alma Murray as Ruhy, Miss iloreley as Bella, A. Elwood as the Hon. Curzon- Grimshau-e, Archer as the Bev. Giles Horn- castle, and the author as Professor Mazzoni; revived at the Lyceum on May 4, 1895, with Miss Annie Hughes, Miss Ailsa Craig, Ben "Webster, W. Haviland, and Sydney Valen- tine in the above-named parts. Byrne, Charles A. American play. Wright; author of 'Suzette,' and of the librettos of 'Isle of Champagne,' 'Prince Kam,' and ' Princess Nicotine.' Byrne, James, harlequin and ballet- master, "came," says Button Cook, "of a dancing family." He was a member of the ballet at Drury Lane under Gan-ick, and in 1775-6 was ballet-master at Sadler's WeUs. In 1800 he appeared at Drury Lane as har-j lequiu in ' Harlequin Amulet ; or. The Magic of ]\Iona,' dressed in "a white silk shape, fitting without a wrinkle, and into, which the variegated silk patches were woven, the whole being profusely covered ■with spangles." This has ever since been; the costimie of harlequins in England. " Ir: Grimaldi's judgment, Byrne was the best harlequin of his time." He died in 1845. Byrne, Oscar. Ballet-master, borr. 1795, died 1867 ; son of James Byrne {q.v.) and christened Oscar (Button Cook says)ir allusion to his father's success in the ballet of 'Oscar and Malvina.' His first appear ance as a dancer was made, apparently, ir ' 1803 at Drury Lane. He was ballet-niastei at the Princess's, London, in 1856, at Drur: Lane in 1862, at the Haymarket and St James's in 1864, and at Her Majesty's ii 1866. B3rron, Henry James. Playwrigh and actor ; born at Manchester in 1835, die( April 12, 1884 ; son of Henry Byron, Britisl. Consul at Hayti; studied at first for th' medical profession, but drifted on to th stage ; thence went to study for the bai and meanwhile became a playwright. Th following is an approximately complete lis of liis dramatic pieces :— ' Richard Cceur d Lion,' burlesque (1857), ' The Latest Editio of the Lady of Lyons' (1858). 'Fra Diavolo burlesque (1858), ' The Maid and the Maj pie,' burlesque (1858), ' Mazeppa,' burlesqu (1S5S), ' The Verv Latest Edition of the Lad of Lvons,' burle'sque (1859), ' The Babes i the Wood,' burlesque (1859), 'The Nymp of the Lurleyburg,' burlesque (1859), ' Jac the Giant Killer,' burlesque (1859), ;Tt Pilgrim of Love,' burlesque (1860), ' Robmsc Crusoe,' burlesque (1860), ' Blue Beard,' mr lesque (1860), ' The Garibaldi Excursionist? farce (1860), ' Cinderella,' burlesque (1861 'Aladdin,' burlesque (1861), ' Esraeraldc burlesque (1861), 'Miss Eily O'Conno BYRON 237 BYRON burlesque (1861). 'The Old Story' (1861), •The Rival Othellos' (1861), ' Puss in a New Pair of Boots,' burlesque (1S62), ' The Rose- bud of Stinging-Nettle Farm,' burlesque .1862), ' George de Barnwell,' burlesque 1862), 'Ivanhoe,' burlesque (1862), 'Beauti- ful Haidee,' burlesque (1863), ' Ali Baba,' burlesque (1863), ' Ill-Treated II Trovatore,' burlesque (1863), ' The Motto,' burlesque 1863), 'Lady Belle Belle,' burlesque (1863), 1863 ' (1863), ' Orpheus and Eurydice,' bur- esque (1863), ' Mazourka,' burlesque (1864), ■Princess Springtime,' extravaganza (1864), The Grin Bushes,' burlesque (1864), ' Timo- '^^y to the Rescue ' (18C4), ' Lord Dundreary Married and Done For' (1864), 'Pan,' bur- lesque (1865), 'La Sonnambula,' burlesque • 1865), 'Lucia di Lammermoor,' burlesque il865), ' Little Don Giovanni,' burlesque 1865), 'War to the Knife' (1865), 'Der Freischutz,' burlesque (1866), 'Pandora's Box,' burlesque (1866), ' A Hundred Thou- 3and Pounds ' (1866), ' William Tell with a Vengeance' (1867), 'The Lancashire Lass* 1 1867), ' Dearer than Life ' (1867), ' Blow for •Slow' (1868), 'Lucrezia Borgia, M.D.' '1868), 'Cyril's Success' (1868), 'Robinson Omsoe,' pantomime (1868), ' Not such a Fool as he Looks ' (1868), ' Minnie ' (1869), The Corsican Brothers,' burlesque (1869), Uncle Dick's Darling ' (1869), 'The Yellow Dwarf,' pantomime (1869), ' Lord Bateman,' Durlesque (1869), ' Whittington and his Cat,' 3antomime (1869"), ' The Prompter's Box,' 1870), ' Robert Macaire,' burlesque (1870), An English Gentleman ' (1870), ' Wait and aope' (1871). 'Daisy Farm' (1871), 'The Enchanted Wood ' (1871), ' The Orange Tree Imd the Humble Bee ' (1871). ' Not if I 'inow It ' (1871), ' Giselle ' (1871), ' Partners or Life ' (1871), ' Caraaralzaman and the ?air Badoura ' (1871), ' Blue Beard,' pan- tomime (1871), ' Eurydice ' (1871), ' Haunted louses ' (1872), ' The Spur of the Moment ' 1872), 'Good News' (1872), 'The Lady of ,he Lane' (1872), 'Mabel's Life' (1872), Time's Triumph' (1872), 'Fine Feathers' 1873), 'Sour Grapes' (1873), libretto of La Fille de Madame Angot ' (1873), ' Old 3oldiers ' (1873), ' Chained to the Oar ' (1873), Don Juan,' burlesque (1873), libretto of The Pretty Perf umeress ' (1874), libretto of The Demon's Bride ' (1874). ' An American ..ady ' (1874). ' Normandy Pippins ' (1874), Robinson Crusoe,' burlesque (1874), 'Guy ^'awkes,' burlesque (1874), 'Oil and Vinegar' 1874), 'The Thumbscrew' (1874), 'Old bailors' (1874), 'Weak Woman ' (1875). ' Our Boys ' (1875), ' Married in Haste ' (1876), ' £20 . Year, all Found' (1876), 'Tottles' (1876), The Bull by the Horns ' (1876), ' Little Don -'sesar de Bazan ' (1876). ' Wrinkles ' (1876). Widow and Wife' (1876), 'Pampered Me- lials' (1876), 'Little Dr. Faust ' (1877), 'Old :hums ' (1877), ' The Bohemian Gyurl ' (1877). Guinea Gold ' (1877), libretto of ' Fatinitza ' 1878), ' II Sonnambulo ' (1878), ' Young Fra ,)iavolo' (1878), 'A Fool and his Money' 1878), ' The Hornet's Nest ' (1878), ' Con- cience Money ' (1878).' Uncle ' (1879), ' Court- mp' (1879), 'Pretty Esmeralda' (1879), Handsome Hernani' (1879), 'The Girls' (1879), ' Gulliver's Travels ' (1879), ' Jack the Giant Killer ' (1S79), ' The Upper Crust ' (1880). • The Light Fantastic ' (1880). ' Trovatore ; or, Larks with a Libretto ' (1880), ' Bow Bells ' (1880), ' Without a Home ' (1880), ' Michael Strogoff' (1881), 'Punch' (1881), 'New Brooms ' (ISSl), ' Fourteen Days ' (1S82), ' Auntie ' (1882), ' The Villainous Squire and the A'illage Rose ' (1882), ' Open House ' (1885), and 'The Shuttlecock,' completed by J. Ashby-Sterry (1SS5). He was also co-author, with the Fun staff, of ' Robinson Crusoe' (1S67) ; with Dion Boucicault, of ' Lost at Sea ' (1869) ; with Burnand, Gilbert, and Reece, of ' The Forty Thieves ' (1878) ; and, with H. B. Farnie, of the libretto of 'Frolique' (1882). (See Crushed Trage- dian and Two Stars.) BjTon's most notable performances as an actor were in his own productions : Sir Simon Simple in ' Not such a Fool as he Looks' (Globe Theatre, Lon- don. October, 1869), Fitzaltamont in 'The Prompter's Box/ (Adelphi Theatre, March, 1870), Mr. Craven in ' Daisy Farm ' (Olympic, May, 1S71), Lionel Leveret in ' Old Soldiers' (Strand Theatre, January, 1S73), Harold Trivass in ' An American Lady ' (Criterion Theatre, March, 1874), Gibson Greeve in 'Married in Haste' (Haymarket Theatre. October, 1875), Dick Simpson in ' Conscience Money' (Havmarket Theatre, September, 1878), Charles Chucklesin' An EnglishCientle- man' (Gaiety Theatre, October, 1879), Mat- thew Pincher in ' Cyril's Success ' (Folly Theatre, January, 1880), and John Blunt in Michael Strogofl' (Adelphi Theatre, March, 1881). He was also seen in London as Cheviot Hill in Gilbert's * Engaged ' (Court Theatre, November, 1881). In April, 1865, he became co-lessee with Miss Marie Wilton (Mrs. Ban- croft) of the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London ; in 1867, however, the partnership was dissolved, Byron undertaking the direc- tion of the Alexandra Theatre (and after- wards of the Theatre Royal and the Amphi- theatre), Liverpool. These latter speculations were disastrous. "His forte," wrote Button Cook, "lies in the composition of facetious dialogue ; in that, I think, consists his gi-eat hold upon popular favour. But his wit and humour have not been more heartily relished and admired than by his critics. True, they have censured his puns ; but the canons of literary taste have immemorially forbidden puns and playing upon words in all works of pretence. . . . Mr. Byron's inventiveness, and the ingenuity he exerts in the construction of his plots, may be viewed as proved by the extraordinary number and success of his plays. . . . Mr. Byron has the consolation of knowing that his burlesques have pleased very many, and have been generally regarded as reputable specimens of their class. . . . The place he may by-and-by be allotted among dramatists it is not for me to determine. . . . But I think that Mr. Byron's comedies are un- questionably to be accounted, in these days, as excellent and laudable as were the comedies of Reynolds, O'Keefe, Morton, and Holcroft in the last century Further, it will be always remembered, when Mr. II BYRON 238 C-ELINA Byron's claims to applause are under con- sideration, that althougli he has produced a long list of plays, he has very rarely borrowed from a foreign source, or dealt with a plot not of his own devising; that his works have been irreproachable as to their moral character, as his jests have been free from every suspicion of coarseness or indecorum. ... As an actor, within a some- what narrow range of impersonation, he has invariably proved himself of real distinc- tion" (The Theatre, March, 1880). See Pascoe's 'Dramatic List' (1880), the The- atre for October, 1878, and May, 1884, and the Era for April 19, 1884. Byron, Liord. The following verse- plays by Lord Byron (1788-1824) have been presented on the stage : — ' Manfred,' ' Ma- rino Faliero,' ' Sardanapalus,' ' The Two Foscari,' and ' Werner,' all of which see. See, also, the burlesques based upon ' The Bride of Abydos,' ' Don Juan,' and • Manfred.' See London Theatres (Drury Lane). Byron, Marshal of France. Conspiracy of Byron. See Byron, Medora Gordon. Author oi Zameo ; or, The White Warrior' {q.v.). Cabal and Love. The title under which Schiller's well-known play was pub- lished in an English translation in 1795. See Harper's Daughter. Cabaret de Lustucru (Le). See Follies of a Night, The. Cabbag'i, Sigrnor Sproutzo, in BuR- NAND's and Stephens' ' Balloonacy ' (q.v.). Cabin Boy (The). A drama in two acts, by Edward Stirling, first performed at the'Adelphi Theatre, London, March 9, 1846, with Mdme. Celeste in the title part (Julian), supported by Miss Woolgar, Miss Reynolds, O. Smith, Munyard, and Paul Bedford ; New York, 1851. Cabinet (The). A comic opera in three acts, written by T. Dibdin, composed by Reeve, Moorhead, Corri, Davy, and Bra- ham, and first performed at Covent Garden on February 9, 1802, with a cast including Braham, Incledon, Munden, and Storace. Cabinet Minister (The). A farce in four acts, by A. W. Pinero (q.v.), first per- formed at the Court Theatre, London, on April 23, 1890, with Arthur Cecil in the title j)SLvt(SirJt(lian Twombley), Mrs. John Wood as Lady Twombley, Weedon Grossmith as Joseph Lebanon, Brandon Thomas as Mac- phail, Mrs. E. Phelps as Lady Macphail, Miss R. Filippi as J/?-s. Gaylustre, and other roles by Allan Aynesworth, Herbert Waring, Miss Le Thiere, "Miss Eva Moore, etc. ; first performed in America at Daly's Theatre, New York, on January 12, 1892, with a cast including John Drew, J. Lewis, Tyrone Power, Mrs. G. H. Gilbert, Miss Percy Has- well, and Miss Hobart Bosworth. Cabinet Question (A). A comic drama in one act, by J. R. Planche (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre on September 23, 1845, with Tilbury as Eose- wood (a cabinet-maker), J. B. Buckstone as Tom Polish (his foreman), Brindal, Howe, and Miss Julia Bennett ; New York, 1846. Cabinet Secret (A). A comedy in two acts, by L. H. F. Du Terreaux (^q.v.), first performed at the Philharmonic Theatre; London, on October 19, 1872. Cabman No. 93. A farce by T. J. Wil- liams (q.v.), performed at the Lyceturi' Theatre, London, December, 1867. Cabriolo. A travelling showman ii ' The Princess of Trebizonde' (q.v.). Cacafog-o. A usurer in ' Rule a Wifi and Have a Wife' (q.v.). Cachucha. A waitress in Farnie": ' Intimidad ' (q.v.). Cade, Jack, the rebel, figures in ' , Henry VI.' (q.v.). Cadi (The). A play by Bill Nyi (Edgar AV. Nye), first performed at the Open House, New Bedford, Mass., September t 1891 ; produced in New York, Septembei 21, 1891, at the Union Square Theatre. Se Hudson as Petroff, INIiss Horlock as Mar and Miss Julia Neilson as Pauline. Wh( the play was produced at the Madison Squa Theatre, New York, Miss Millward was tj Pauline. (2) A play, founded on the sar story, by J. C. Chute, and first perform' at Eastbourne, August 25, 1884.— There ha been other adaptations of the tale, notat one by J. R. Grismer, performed in U.S. A burlesque of 'Called Back,' entitled ' Call There and Back,' and written by H. C. Mei^ , VALE, Avas produced at the Gaiety Theatii i London, on October 15, 1SS4, with Miss Farren as Gilbert, E. W. Royce as Maca Miss Connie Gilchrist as Pauline, and Elton, H. De Lange, T. Squire, P. Lynd, Miss Phyllis Broughton, etc., in other rd( Another burlesque, entitled 'Called Bf, Again,' and written by Albert Chevalij {q.v.), was first performed at the Thea. Royal, Plymouth, on July 13, 1885, witl) cast including W. Mackintosh, Miss Ma: AVilliams, and Miss Minnie Rotchley. ' Called Back Ag-ain. See Cali- Back. i Called There and Back. See Cali* Back. Called to Account. A play produjl in America, with Miss Sylvia Gerrisb? i Beatrice. Called to the Bar. A farce perfon^ ^ at the Portman Rooms, London, on May^, ' 1892. Called to the Front. A mili'y drama by Sergeant Towner and Fr t Beaumont, BritanniaTheatre, London, A 1 29, 1S85. Callender, Romaine. Actor d dramatic writer ; autlior of the follow g plays:— 'The Two Paths in Life' (1.''). ' The Poor Law Board ' (1875), ' D. T.' (li). ' Number 51 ' (1880), and ' Light ' (1882). i i Calmour, Alfred C. Dramatic w.Jr and actor ; author of the following play -; ' Onlv a Dream ' (1878), ' Trust and T 1 (1880), 'A Woman's Heart' (1881), CALPHURNIA 243 CALVERT lot Justice ' (1882), ' Wives ' (1883), ' Broken !onds' (1883), 'Cupid's Messenger' (1884), Homespun' (1884), 'Love's Martyrdom' 886), ' Elsa Dene ' (1886), ' The Amber eart ' (1887), ' The Widow Winsome ' (1888), 'yrene' (1890), 'A Gay Lothario' (189]), jiabriel's Trust ' (1891), ' The Breadwinner ' 892), ' The Broken String ' (1896), ' Frolic- )me Fanny* (1897), 'The Queen of the ■Qses ' (1902), ' Dante ' (1904) ; author, also, •■; ' Practical Play-Writing and the Cost of .reduction ' (1891), and ' Fact and Fiction oout Shakespeare ' (1894). A. C. Calmour las in the original casts of Wills's ' Nell Wynne' (Royalty Theatre, 1878), Wills's :^rced from Home ' (Duke's Theatre, 1880), ■id of his own ' Trust and Trial ' (1880) and iTabriel's Trust ' (1891). He also played in 'jingle' at the Lyceum in 1878, and in [lescued' at the Adelphi in 1879, besides pearing in the EnglLsh provinces in his 'n ' Woman's Heart,' etc. Jalphurnia. Wife of Marcus Brutus 'Shakespeare's ' Julius Caesar ' {q.v.). Calumny. A play by Malcolm Wat- fv, adapted from the Spanish of Echega- Shaftesbury Theatre, London, April 4, with Miss Wallis, A. Elwood, W. ran, and F. Terry in tlie cast. ^alvert, Charles. Actor and theatrical linager, born in London, February 28, ];8 ; son of a silk merchant ; was educated {■King's College School, and then articled tja solicitor. His first inclination was ivards the Church, but admiration of the >(rk of Phelps and Macready led him to tk stage. His debut as an actor was made i]A.ugiist, 1852, at Weymouth, whence he Vitinl853 to Southampton. About 1855 Itjoined the company of the Surrey The- J^ to play "juvenile lead." In 1856 he Ej-ried Adelaide Helen Biddies [see Cal- ViT, Mrs. Charles], and with her under- tllc several "starring" tours, appearing in l|^ at the Queen's, Manchester. With the li>named place he was destined to be long a<)ciated. In 1859 he became leading aor and stage manager of the Theatre Eial, Manchester, where he produced Cfh many other plays) ' Hamlet,' in which htacted the Ghost, and 'The Fool's Re- v^je,' in which he was the Fool. The Plice's Theatre, Manchester, was built in lit, and of this establishment Calvert biime the first manager, opening it in Oliber of that year with ' The Tempest,' ii'hich he took the part of Prospero. This ^v followed in February, 1865, by ' IMuch A About Nothing,' with Calvert as Bene- d' ; in September, 1865, by ' A Midsum- iD Night's Dream,' in which he did not aijiar; in November, 1865, by Byron's jo Foscari' (for the first time on any stje) ; in September, 1866, by ' Antony and Mpatra ;' in 1869, by 'The Winter's Tale, JVj Calvert as Leontes ; in August, 1870, bSRichard III.,' with Calvert in the title V»; in 1871, by ' Timon of Athens;' in 18, by 'The Merchant of Venice,' with ^' ert as Slujlock ; in September, 1872, by 'Henry V.,' with Calvert in the title role ; . in 1873, by 'Twelfth Night;' in 1874, by 'Henry IV., Pt. II.' Other revivals by Calvert at the Prince's Avere of ' Julius Ciiesar,' ' Mac- beth,' ' Lear,' and ' Manfred,' in the first of which he played Brutus. His connection with the Prince's eeased in 1875. He had in 1871 visited New York, where he produced • Richard III.' at Niblo's Theatre. To New York he went again in 1875, to produce ' Henry V.' Later in that year (September) he brought out at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, Byron's ' Sardanapalus,' enacting the title part. In 1877, at the Theatre Royal, Manchester, he revived 'Henry VIII.,' with himself as Wolsey. From this time his health, never robust, began to fail seriously, and though, amidst all his suffer- ing, he fulfilled numerous engagements in the British provinces (where his Henry V., Sardanapalus, Lear, and Wolsey were very popular, and where he was seen in 1879 as the hero of ' ^sop ; or, The Golden Bubble ' and as Dr. Primrose in 'Olivia'), he suc- cumbed in the last-named year, dying in London on June 12. He was part-author, with John Coleman (q.v. ), of a play called 'Rube the Showman' (1870). Four sons of his have adopted the profession of the stage — Louis (q.v.), William (q.v.), Leonard, and Alexander. Tom Taylor wrote of Cal- vert as " the most ardent and enterprising of provincial managers, avIio for ten years drew the vast population of Manchester and its surrounding hives of monotonous, unrelieved, and unlovely labour, to the Prince's Theatre, to witness, for some three months yearly, a masterpiece of Shakspere, put on the stage with a completeness, care, and taste then unequalled save by the managements of Macready, Phelps, and Charles Kean ; thus playing, as I cannot but think, a part unparalleled by any other influence about him, as an educator of Jiopular taste and an inspirer of popular magination." " Though nis physical ad- vantages were few, his intelligence and reading, together with a certain breadth and strength of style, qualified him even for heroic parts, sucli as Brutus and Henry V. His elocution was excellent, and his declamation at times masterly" (A. W. Ward, in 'The Dictionary of National Biography '). Calvert,Mrs. Charles [Adelaide Helen Biddies, or Bedells]. Actress, born 1837 ; daughter of James Bedells (q.v.) ; at six years of age played one of the children in ' The Stranger' with Charles and Mrs. Kean ; was taken, while a child, to America, whence she returned, to become, in 1853, "walking lady" at the Theatre Royal, Southampton. Here she met Charles Calvert, whom (after acting for a time in the States) she married in 1856. In 1856-7 she played "leading business" at the Surrey, figuring in the original casts of 'A Bird in the Hand' (q.v.), etc. At the Prince's Theatre, INIan- chester, under her husband's management (1864-1875), she appeared as Miranda, Cleo- patra, Hermione, Elizabeth of York, Lady CALVERT CAMARALZAMAX Macbeth, and the Chorus in ' Henry V.' (a part which she has played in England and America about three hundred times). In his subsequent revival of ' Henry VIII.* she plaved on tour in England Katherine of Arraqo'n. After his death in 1S79 she was engaged at Sadler's Wells by Mrs. Bateman, plaj-ing Helen Macgrefior in 'Rob Roy' {q.v.)a.n(\. Emilia in 'Othello.' Then came a fortv-vveeks' tour in America with Edwin Booth. Mrs. Calvert has also toured in the States with Mrs. Langtry and Miss Mary Anderson, whom she supported at the Lvceum in 1SS4 as Lady Capv.let. Since tlien, Mrs. Calvert has played in London the following original parts -.—Mother Renaud in ' The Love that Kills ' (18S8), Caroline Sudds in 'The Director' 0S91), Catherine Petkon in 'Arms and the Man' ("IS94), Mrs. Jauncey in 'The White Elephant' (1896), Mrs. Lambert in 'Saucy Sally' (1S97), Mrs. Bendyshe in ' One Summer's Day ' (1S97), and Mrs. Vokins in 'Lord and Lady Algy ' (1S9S). In 1890 she was Madame Fourcanade in ' Esther Sandraz' (q.v.) at the St. James's, and the Xurse in ' Romeo and Juliet ' at the Comedy. She is the author of two plays— 'Trotty Veck'(1872) and 'Can he Forgive her?'(lS91). Calvert, Louis. Actor, born Novem- ber, 1S59 ; son of Charles Calvert (q.v.) ; made his professional d(ibut in 1878 at the Theatre Royal, Durban, Natal, whence he went in 1S79 to the Princess's, Melbourne. Returning to England in ISSO, he toured successively with John Dewhurst, George Rignold, Miss Wallis, Osmond Tearle, and others, playing also a "stock" season with Miss Sarah Thome. In August, 185.6, he appeared at Drury Lane as Laivyer Par- sons in 'A Run of Luck' (q.v.). In the following year he was engaged at the Lyceum. D'uring a tour with Miss Fortescue he played Sir Phyllon in 'The Wicked World' at the Grand, Islington, in 18S9. In 1S90 he formed a company of his own, and since that date has produced in the Eng- lish provinces (playing the leading part in each) 'Hamlet,' 'Othello,' 'Macbeth,' ♦Richard II.,' 'Henry IV.' (pts. 1 and 2), 'Richard III.,' 'As You Like It,' 'Two Gentlemen of Verona,' 'Love's Labour's Lost,' ' Taming of the Shrew,' ' Antony and Cleopatra,' ' The Merchant of Venice," Goethe's ' Clavigo,' BroAvning's ' Blot in the Scutcheon,' and Ibsen's ' Rosmersholm ' and ' Enemy of the People.' His recent ap- pearances in London as an actor include Tresham in 'A Blot in the Scutcheon' (Op^ra Comique, June, 1893), Antony and Macbeth (Olympic Theatre, May and June, 1S97), Casca in ' Julius C?esar ' (Her Majesty's Theatre, 1898), J ago and Colonel Damas (Grand Theatre, Fulham, 1S9S), Porthos in Grundv's 'Musketeers' (HerMajesty's, 1898), and B'illaud-Varennes in Sardou's 'Robes- pierre ' (Lyceum, 1899). Calvert, "William. Actor ; son of Charles Calvert (gv.) ; made his professional dibut in 1877 : played small parts at the Lyceum in ISSO ; between ISSl and 1885 toTired with Edward Compton (^.r.) ; fro 1885 to 1890 was associated mainly vrv Edward Terry (q.v.), and in 1891 appeared j London with Miss Fortescue as Mereutf! and as Trueworth in 'The Love Chas Among his original parts have been M Bearder in 'The Churchwarden ' (1SS6), £'i Joseph Pendleton in ' Culprits ' (1890), ai Sir Richard Ingleby in ' Uncle Mike' (189J Since the last-named date he has " starreij in the English provinces with his ov company. He is the author of an adapt play called ' Blanche Farreau ' (1890). Calypso. The heroine of several d; matic pieces, notably — (1) ' Cah'pso a Telemachus : ' an opera, words 'by Jo Hughes and music by Galliard, perform "at the Queen's Theatre in the Haymarke and printed in 1712. (2)' Calypso : ' a masc in three acts, words by Richard Cumbi LAND, music by Butler, first performedj Covent Garden on March 20, 1779. 1 ' Calypso : ' a comic opera by Robert Ho- TON,' acted at Smock Alley," Dublin, in 17 (4) ' Calypso and Telemachus : ' a burlesc by Sheridan Brookes, Sadler's W( Theatre, April, 1865. (5) 'Calypso; or, Qi Art of Love : ' an extravaganza in one act,i-- Alfred Thojitson (q.v.), first performer the Court Theatre, London, on May 6, IJ, with Miss Sylvia Hodson as Calypso, Si Nellie Moon as Telemachus, Miss De Gre:» Eucharis, Miss Rose Egan as Lalage, J t Kate Phillips as Cupid, and W. J. Hil i Mentor.— Calyp.so also figures in PLANii and Dance's ' Telemachus' (q.v.). Calypso and Telemaclius. J Calypso. Camaralzaman, Prince, is the pi cipal character in several burlesques :• ' Camaralzaman and Badoura ; or. The j/il who loved the Prince:' an " extra va^ if Arabian Nights Entertainment" in .tn acts, by the Brothers Brough, first formed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon (q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Th( re, London, on January 31, 1884, with Mi r- Farrenin the title part, Miss C Gilchi'as Badoura, Miss P. Broughton as Maxmn^, Miss E. Broughton as Toko, E. Terry £;lie Djinn, T. Squire as Wun Lung, and W as the Shah. I ..or n, onasjf . OD CAMBERWELL BROTHERS 245 CAMERON Camberwell Brothers (The). A bur- 5que of 'The Corsican Brothers,' by •lARLES Selby (q.v.), first performed at the ■ympic Theatre, London, on April 20, 1S52. Cambridgre [England]. This town is table as one of those in which the re- ;ious drama was especially popular in the ieenth and sixteenth centuries. In the jjond half of the latter period, the per- frmance of plays became frequent at the liiversity, and Thomas Heywood records 'it, during the years of his residence, he w " tragedies, comedies, histories, pas- rals, and shows publicly acted, in which <3 graduates of good place and reputation " ':re "specially parted" ('Apology for /.tors')- We read that the academic ^thorities tolerated the drama when it |,s in the Latin tongue, but were not so ill disposed towards it when it was in jiglish. They also did all that they could to ■islude professional players from the town t'ard, ' English Dramatic Literature '). j3ay gives the following list of plays per- imed in English at Cambridge colleges J-jWeen 1564 and 1641 : at King's, ' Eze- •i'as' (1564) ; at Christ's, ' Gammer Gurton's iedle' (1566); at St. John's, 'The De- duction of Jerusalem ' (1577) ; at Queen's, ■jincred' (circa 1587) ; at Clare Hall, ' Club fiw'(1598); at St. John's, 'The Pilgrimage ^Parnassus ' (1598), ' The Return from Par- X5SUS, Part I.' (1601), and ' The Return ^m Parnassus, Part II.' (1602) ; at Trinity, ^,ingua ' (1603). ' Sciros ' (1613), ' Albu- izar' (1615), 'The Pedlar,' ' Aristippus,' 'jhe Jealous Lovers,' and ' Hey for J nesty ' (1630-1633), ' The Guardian ' (1641), f'i other pieces at colleges unknown Iay 31, 1797. (2) 'Cambro-Britons :' a dlaia m three acts, by James Boaden (q.v.), ffli performed, with music by S. Arnold, at t-' Haymarket on July 21, 1798. ambyses, King of Persia. (1) A S> ' by Thomas Preston, licensed for acting in 1569, and described on the title page as "a lamentable tragedy mixed full of pleasant mirth." Shakespeare refers to this work when he makes one of the personce in '1 Henry IV.,' act ii. sc. 4, say, " I must speak in passion, and I will do it in King Cambyses' vein." On this, A. W. Ward remarks : "Though 'Cambyses' vein' has become proverbial for rant, the language of the play is in no instance specially obnoxious to this charge." The play, he adds, is " generally well-written— chiefly in the so-called ' com- mon metre.' " See Hawkins' ' Origin of the English Drama ' and Dodsley's ' Old Plays ' (ed. Hazlitt). (2) ' Cambyses : ' a tragedy in rhymed verse, by Elkanah Settle (q.v.), performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1667, with Betterton in the title part, Harris as Prezaspes, Young as Smerdis, and Mrs. Bet- terton as Mandana. The plot is founded on Herodotus. — Cambyses figures in W. Brough's 'Pygmalion' (q.v.). Camera Obscura. A farce by George Walter Browne, performed at Sanger's Amphitheatre, London, on October 24, 1879. Cameron, Beatrice. Actress, born at Troy, N.Y. ; made her debut as an amateur in 1884 in 'The Midnight Marriage.' l^ngaged by the management of the Madison Square Theatre, New York, she figured there in ' Called Back' and ' Young Mrs. Winthrop.' Then came some experience on tour, and an engagement with Richard Mansfield (q.v.), in the course of which she appeared in London in 1888, as Agnes in 'Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,' Lesbia in R. Davey's comedy so named, and Florence in ' Prince Karl,' and in 1889 as Lady Anne in ' Richard III.' Cameron, Violet. Actress and voca- list, born 1862 ; made her first appearance on the stage at the Princess's Theatre, Lon- don, in 1870, as Karl in ' Faust and ^largue- rite.' This was followed by various engage- ments in London for pantomime and bur- lesque. In 1S76 she was the original Joconde in 'Piff-Paff' (q.v.) at the Criterion, and Perdita in a revival of ' The Winter's Tale ' (q.v.) at the Alexandra, Liverpool. Her career as an adult actress may be said to have begun at the Folly, London, in Feb- ruary, 1878, when she figured as the first English representative of Germaine in ' Les Cloches de Corneville' (q.v.). In October, 1878, she went to the Strand Theatre to play in the revival of ' Nemesis ' (q.v.). After that she undertook in London the following original roles : Suzanne in ' ]Madame Favart' (Strand, 1879), Queen Inez in ' The Naval Cadets ' (Globe, 1S80), Bathilde in ' Olivette' (Strand, ISSO), Bettina in 'The Mascotte' (Comedy, 1881), Boccaccio in Von Supp^'s opera (Comedv, 1882), Gretchen in ' Rip Van Winkle' (Comedy, 1882), Falka in Chas- saigne's opera (Comedy, 1883), Nelly Night- ingale in ' Bad Boys ' (Comedy, 1885), Dick in ' Dick Turpin the Second ' (Gaiety, 1887), Prince Giglio in ' The Rose and the Ring ' (Prince o'f Wales's, 1890), Allan-a-Dale in 'Maid Marian' (Prince of Wales's, 1891), Ethel Sportington in 'Morocco Bound' I CAMILLA 246 CAMPBELL (Shaftesbury, 1893), and the. Vof/^pr Si^P<^l\l^ n -The School-Girl' (1904).. ^.l)e ^f^^^ appeared in London as Dolly m ' The Sul an of Mocha' (Strand. 1887), Faust ^ Faust Up to Date' (Gaiety, 1S8S-9) and Captain Tht^rtse (Prince of Wales's, 1S90). Pamilla. An opera, the libretto trans- lated^om the Italian by Owen McSwiney ^ith which Yanbrugh and Congreve opened the Haymarket Theatre m 1-06. Camilla, d) A character in Tuke^s ' Adventures of Five Hours (q.v.). (<5) dISS of Boadicea in Hopkins's /Boa- dSea '(./.«.). (3) The guardian of I irgoim in MONCRIEFFS 'Appms if^-]-^'^lX' character in Miss Mitford's ' Foscan (qv). (5) "The Gitanilla" in J. C. ^ML- SON'S drama so named (q.v.). Gamma's Husband. A di'ama .in three acts, by Watts Phillips {q.v.), tiist pSrmed'at'the01>.npic Theatre London^ on November 10, 1862, with Miss I^; ^.^,^^^5 as Lady Camilla Uadstone, H. NeviUe as Mairichvarner (her husband), G. Mncent as Sir Philip Hailstone, F. Robson as Dog- briar, H. Wigan as Maybush (innkeeper , W. Gordon as Hyacinth Jonquil, Mrs. Leigh Murray as Miss Placida Poyntz, Mrs. Stephens as Red Judy, Miss F. Haydon as Slofberry (her daughter), etc. ; revived at Astley's Theatre iS July, 1884, under the title of ' Pride ; or, The Artist s ^\ if e. CamiUe. The title given to versions of DUMVS tils' ' La Dame aux Camehas (q.i.), performed both in England and in America. ?n these versions the title part has been slaved in the States, by Matilda Heion fq.v.), who used a translation made by James SoiJtimer (?•-) (>^^J^v^^ViS" Sr^i.U87l)^fdme:ModjeskaaS78) Mdlle. Etelka Borry (1883) Miss lanny Davenport, Mdlle. Eugenie Legrand (r^.i.) , Sic , In England, by Miss Lo^^^|.^I««^ ^| fRoval A-lfred Theatre, London, 18<0), Miss Alfce Llngard (Imperial Theatre, 1883), and others See Heartsease. (2) ' Camille ; or; An Autumnal Dream :' a drama m three acts, adapted by W. G. Wills (I-^ ■) .^^'^^^ the French, and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Cambridge August 20. Ibn. This piece has to do with the attempts of an unsciJupulous priest to secure tlieheromes fortune for the benefit of the Church. Miss Violet Dacre played the heroine, and H. Ferrand was the priest. Camillo. A Sicilian lord, in 'The Winter's Tale '(q. v.). Camillus. A tragedy by Jonas B. PHILLIPS, first performed at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in January, 1834, with Ingersoll in the title part. Camiola. The "Maid of Honour" in Massingeh's play so named (q.v.). Gamma. Wife of Sinnatus in Tenny- son's ' Cup' (^.r.). no-m-n CTh.e') A "dramatic entertain- men^^clr.X acted at Drury Lane on Octo- i t ber 15, 1778. " AH the shifts, impositior distresses, intrigues, manoeuvres, _ etj peculiar to a camp, are described in tl; dialogue, or exhibited in the dumbshow this performance." Gamp at Chobliam (The). A far by Mark Lemon (^.r.), first performed the Adelphi Theatre, London, on June ; 1853 with a cast including Miss Ma^ Keeiey, Leigh Murray, R. Keeley, etc. Gamp at the Olympic (The). . "introductory extravaganza and drama review," written by J. R. Planche in ce, bration of the opening of the Olymi; Theatre under the management of Alfr, Wigan, and first performed at that theai on October 17, 1853, with a cast mcludi; Wigan, F. Robson, Emery, Mrs. AMr; Wigan, Mrs. G. Reed (Miss Horton) M, Chatterley, Mrs. Stirling, Miss ^^ yndhat etc. ! — Campaign (The) ; . or, Love in t; East Indies. A comic opera by Robe Jephson, acted at Covent Garden m l at the Grecian Theatre, London, appe^ ^ at Covent Garden in 1873 in Jack andje Beanstalk.' He was in ' Smdbad at L •> Lane in 1SS2-3. and since If -^^.l^as h * part in every Christmas production at ii theatre. Campbell, Lady Golin. See d AND Blossom. CAMPBELL 247 CANDIDATE Campbell, Mrs. Patrick. Actress; after some experience as an amateur, made her professional debut at the Alexandra 'Theatre, Liverpool, in November, 1888, in iVezin and Buchanan's 'Bachelors' iq.v.). [With this, she toured for a time ; then came [provincial engagements with Mrs. Band- ;uiann Palmer and Ben Greet. With the iformer Mrs. Campbell played Rachel Denison in ' Tares ' {q.v.) ; with the latter she under- took leading parts in Shakespeare, and in Louis N. Parker's 'Love in a Mist' (q.v.) and 'A Buried Talent' {q.v.). Her first ap- pearance in London was made at the Adelphi [Theatre on the afternoon of March 13, 1890, tas Helen in ' The Hunchback ' {q.v.). At the 'Vaudeville Theatre in June, 1890, she played Stella in ' A Buried Talent.' After this came single representations of Lady Teazle (Adel- phi, February 19, 1891) and jRosaZuicZ(Shaftes- Dury, June 18, 1891). At the Adelphi subse- jquently, she was the original Astrcea in I' The Trumpet Call ' (1891), Elizabeth Crom- hvell in 'The English Rose' (1892). Tress Purvess in ' The Lights of Home ' (1892), and Clarice Berton in ' The Black Domino ' (1893). A.t the St. James's Theatre she was the first representative of Paula in ' The Second [Mrs. Tanqueray ' (1893), and of Dulcie Laron- \iie in ' The INIasqueraders ' (1894). She was \Kate Cloud in the original production of r John k Dreams ' at the Haymarket (1894), g,nd the heroine of 'The Notorious Mrs. REbbsmith' at the Garrick (1895). In the llast-named year she played Fedora at the Haymarket and Juliet at the Lyceum. To 896 belong her Militza in ' For "the Crown,' d her Magda in L. N. Parker's translation both at the Lyceum, where she also ppeared as Lady Teazle. Later in the ear came (at the Avenue) her Jiat-Wife in j' Little Eyolf ' {q.v.), in which she afterwards pllowed IMiss Achurch as liita. In 1897 she was seen at the Avenue as Lady Hamilton [n ' Nelson's Enchantress ' {q.v.), and at the |Lyceum as Ophelia. In 1898 she figured at she Prince of Wales's as Melisande in ' Pelleas and Melisande,' and at the Lyceum as Lady Macbeth. Since then she has played the leading female role in • Carlyon Sahib,' 'The Moonlight Blossom,' 'The Sacrament 'of Judas,' and ' The Canary ' (1899), ' Mrs. Jordan,' ' The Fantasticks,' and ' Mr. and -Mrs. Daventry' (1900), 'Beyond Human Power' (1901), 'The Joy of Living' (1903), ^nd ' Warp and Woof ' (1904). Campbell, Thomas. Poet and miscel- aneous writer, born 1777, died 1844 ; brought lut in 1838 an edition of the works of ■Shakespeare, to wliich he prefixed ' Remarks jn the Life and AVritings ' of the poet. He «as also the author of a 'Life of Mrs. Siddons ' (1834). Campeius, Cardinal, in ' Henry VIII.' Sl-v.). Camping- Out. A play in four acts, by Broxson Howard ; Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, December 13, 1S86. Campion, Miss [Mrs. Pope]. Actress, born 1777, died 1803 ; was for some years the leading female performer on the Dublin stage. She became the second wife of Alexander Pope, the actor {q.v.). Campion, Thomas, M.D. Poet, dramatist, and musician, died 1619 ; is mentioned as a verse-writer in the prologue to Peele's ' Honour of the Garter ' (1593) and Meres' ' Palladis Tamia ' (1598) ; was the author of several masques— of one pre- sented before the king at Whitehall on Twelfth Night, 1607; of 'The Masque of Flowers,' interpreted by the gentlemen of Gray's Inn on Twelfth Night, 1613 ; of an- other (' The Lords' Masque'), performed at the wedding of the Princess Elisabeth in February, 1613 ; of a fourth, submitted to the queen at Caversham House, Reading, in April, 1613 ; and of a fifth, enacted at the marriage of the Earl of Somerset in December, 1613. "From a dramatic point of view, none of them possesses much im- portance, chiefly because Campion's inven- tive powers are by no means conspicuous " (A. W. Ward). See Nichols' 'Progresses of James I.' (1828) and A. H. BuUen's ♦ Works of Campion ' (1889). Can he Forgive her? A play in a prologue and four acts, by Mrs. Charles Calvert, produced at the Comedy Theatre, Manchester, on September IS, 1891. "Can you paint a thoug-ht ? or number." First line of a song in Ford's 'Broken Heart' {q.v.). Cancan, The Chevalier de. :Master of the revels in Tom Taylor's 'Prince Dorus ' {q.v.). Candace. See Altemira. Candid, Prince, figures in Bur.nand's 'Snowdrop' {q.v.). Candida. A play in three acts, by G. Bernard Shaw {q.v.), first performed at the Tiieatre Royal, South Shields, on March 30, 1895, with 'George Young as the Rev. Jamps Morell, A. E. Drinkwater as Eugene Marjoribanks, Miss Ethel \exr\Qa,fi Proserpine Garnett, and Miss Lilian Revell as Candida ; performed in the British provinces in 1897, with Miss Janet Achurch as the heroine, Charles Charrington as Morell, Courtenay Thorpe as Marjoribanks, and Miss Edith Craig as Proserpine ; produced at the Strand Theatre, London, July 1, 1900, by the Stage Society ; produced in New York in 1903, with Arnold Daly as Eugene ; revived at the Court Theatre in April, 1904, with Miss K. Rorke as Candida, N. McKinnell as Morell, Granville Barker as Eugene, A. G. Poulton as Burgess, and Miss S. Fairbrother as Proserpine. Candidate (The). (1) A farce by John Dent, first performed at the Haymarket Theatre in August, 1782. (2) A comedy in three acts, adapted by J. Huntly M'Cakthy {q.v.) from 'Le Depute de Bombignac' of Alexandre Bisson (Theatre Fran^ais, Paris, :\Iay 30, 1884), and first performed at the Criterion Theatre, London, i CANDIDO 24S CANTER on November 22, 1884, with a cast including Charles Wyndham(as Lord Oldacre), George Giddens (as Alaric Baffin), W. Blakeley, Alfred Maltby, W. Gregory, Miss Fanny Coleman, Miss Kate Eorke, and Miss Rose Saker ; revived at the Criterion on May 30, 1894, with C. Wvndham, G. Giddens, W. Blakelev, and Miss Coleman in their ori- ginal roles, and other parts by C. W. Somerset, F. Worthing, Miss M. Clements, Miss Pattie Browne, and Miss Mary Moore. Candido, in ' The Honest Whore,' is, says Hazlitt, " a character of inconceivable quaintness and simplicity. His patience and good humour cannot be disturbed by anvthing. The idea (for it is nothing but an" idea) is a droll one, and is well sup- ported. He is not only resigned to injuries, but 'turns them,' as Falstaff says of diseases, ' into commodities.' " Candiope. " Princess of the blood " in Dryden's ' Secret Love ' (g.r.). Candlemas Day; or, The Killing- of tlie Children of Israel. A mystery- play, written in 1512, and printed in Haw- kins's ' Origin of the EngUsh Drama ' (1773). " In this rude play," ?ays Hawkins, "the Hebrew soldiers 'swear by Mahound or Mahomet, who was not born till six hundred years after: Herod's messenger is named Watkin, and the knights are directed to walk about the stage," while Mary and the infant are conveyed into Egypt." See ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812). Candour, Mrs. A scandal-monger in ' The School for Scandal' iq.v.). Candytuft, Mr. and Mrs., in Shirley Brooks's ' Card-Basket' iq.v.). Cane, Andrew. An actor at the For- tune Theatre [see London Theatres], and an interlocutor in ' The Stage-Players' Com- plaint, a pleasant dialogue between Cane of the Fortune and Reed of the Friers, de- ploring their sad and solitary conditions for want of iraployment in this heavie and contagious time of the Plague in London ' (1641) ; reprinted in 1873 in Uindley's ' Old Book-Collector's Miscellany.' Cane, Harry. Actor, born 1849 ; made his professional dihut in 1872 at Newport, Monmouthshire. He was the first repre- sentative of Batty Todd in 'The Middle- man ' (1SS9) and of James Peters in ' Dick "Venables ' (1890). Among the most notable of the other parts played by him in town or country are Ezra Lazareck in ' New Baby- lon,' Peter Cranlcy in ' It's Never too Late to Mend,' Mes Bottes in ' Drink,' Chrysos in * Pvcmalion and Galatea,' and King Phanor in ■' The Palace of Truth.' Canidius. A character in Sedley's 'Antony and Cleopatra ' (q.v.). Cannibals (The) ; or, The Massacre Islands. A play founded by Woodworth on a work by Captain Morrell. and performed at the Bowery Theatre, New York, in January, 1833. Canning-, Mrs. [Mary Annie Costello]. Actress ; married in 1768 George Canning, the father of the famous statesman. On his death in 1771, she turned her thoughts to the stage, and (it is said), through the influence of Queen Charlotte, obtained from Garrick an engagement at Drury Lane, where she appeared on November 6, 1773, as Jane Shore in the play by N. Rowe— a part she played six times. Bernard (q.v.), who witnessed the performance, says, "She put forth claims to the approbation of the critical " (' Retrospections '). Her subse- quent career as a player was " almost en- tirely, if not entirely," confined to the provinces. She is said to have married Samuel Reddish, the actor (q.v.); she cer- tainly wedded, after Reddish's death, a Plymouth silk-mercer named Hunn, who, " failing in business, essayed the boards at Exeter, and was damned." He died soon after, and, with the financial assistance of' her son, Mrs. Canning was " enabled to' withdraw from the stage in 1801." She' died in 1827. See R. Bell's ' Life of George Canning ' (1846) and F. H. Hill's ' George. Canning' (1887). Canninge, George. Actor, born 1846 : made his professional dt^Mit at the Hay- market in 1865 as the Second Actor in ' Hamlet.' After much experience in town and country, he was in the original casts ol ' Quicksands ' (1880), ' His Wife ' (ISSl), ' The Golden Band ' (1SS7), ' The Blue Bells ol- Scotland' (1887), 'Fascination' (1887), etc. He was Duke Frederick in ' As You Like It at the St. James's, London, in 1890, and was in the London cast of ' A Lady of Quality' (1899). At one time he and his wife were prominent members of the provincial ' Caste and ' Our Boys ' companies. He is co-author with A. Chevalier (q.v.), of ' Shylock and Co. (q.v.) (1891).— Mrs. G. Canninge made hei first appearance on the stage at Bristol aboul 1868. She was in the first cast of ' A Brida Tour' (18S0), 'The Halfway House' (18S1). 'Under Fire' (1885), 'Open House' (1885) 'Sister Mary' (1886), 'In Danger' (1887) 'The Spy' (1888), 'Dick Venables ' (1890) ' Diamond Deane ' (1891), ' A Bohemian (1892), ' The Importance of being Earnest ! (1895), etc. Cant. A character in Coffey's ' Beggar'.'' AVedding ' (q.v.). '. Cantahs (The). A farce first per- formed at Co vent Garden on Mav 21, 1787 (2) ' The Cantab :' a farce by T. W. Robert- son (q.v.), first performed at the Stran( Theatre, London, on February 14, 1861, witl W. H. Swanborough as Charles Cheddar (tin Cantab), J. Bland as Brutus Boodle, E. Dan vers as Sergeant Berlinns, Miss K. Carson a Mrs. Boodle, and Miss Lavine as Hannah. Cantato. Usurper of the throne o wit, in * Bayes' Opera' (q.v.). See Bassoon' Crowdero, and Dulceda. Canter, Captain, in Bayle Bernard' 'Mummy ' (q.v.). CANTERBURY GUESTS 249 CAPRICE Canterbury Guests (The). A comedy by E. Ravenscroft, produced at the The- atre Royal in 1694. Canterbury Pilgrims (The). An opera in three acts, music by Villiers Stan- tord, libretto by Gilbert a Beckett (q.v.), '3rst performed at Drury Lane Theatre, Lon- ion, on April 28, 1S84, with ]\Iiss Clara Perry as Cicely, Miss Marian Burton as Dame Margery, W. Ludwig as Sir Chris- cpher, Ben Davies as Ilubert, G. H. Snazelle IS Geoffrey, and Barrington Foote as Hal o' he Cheiye. Canton. The Swiss valet of Lord Iglehy in COLMAN and Gakrick's ' Clandes- ■ine Marriage' {q.v.). Cantwell, Dr., the "Hypocrite" in iiCKERSTAFF's play SO named, is, says lazlitt, " a sturdy beggar, and nothing acre : he is not an impostor, but a bully. ?here is not in anything that he says or Ices, in his looks, words, or actions, the 3ast reason tliat Sir John Lambert should dmit him into his house and friendship." Canute the Great. A play in verse y Michael Field (q.v.), printed in 18S7. Canvas, Charles. A character in Ioore's '3I.P.' (q.v.). \ Cap (The). A satiric poem, by " Peter I'lNDAR, Esq.," published in 1795. "This ttack on most of the dramatists of the ime caused," says R. W. Lowe, "a con- ^derable sensation. It seems certain that ;tie genuine Peter Pindar— Wolcot— was not Ifie writer. The ' Cap ' is the Cap of Folly, !hich Boaden gains " (' English Theatrical iterature '). Cape. The publisher in Foote's ' Author ' J.V.). Cape Mail (The). A play, founded by lement Scott (q.v.) on an incident in Jeanne qui pleure and Jeanne qui rit,' and fst performed at the Prince of "Wales's heatre, Liverpool, on September 23, 1881 ; rst played in London at the St. James's heatre, on October 27, 1881, with Mrs. endal (Mrs. Frank Presto7i), Mrs. Gaston :urray (Mrs. Preston), INIiss Millward (Mary reston), Brandon Thomas, and W. INIackin- ■sh in the cast ; performed at Wallack's tieatre, New York, in 1883, with Miss Rose Dghlan in l\Irs. Kendal's part ; revived at >e Court Theatre, London, in May, 1894, id at the Vaudeville Theatre in October, 97. See Sunshi.ne thro' the Clouds. Capell, Edward, born 1713, died 1781. as, ill 1737, appointed deputy-inspector of ays. In 1758 he joined Garrick in issuing I abridged edition of Shakespeare's ' An- ny and Cleopatra,' and in 1760 printed a lume of ' Prolusions,' Avhich included the xt of _' Edward III.' (q.v.). To 1768 be- ngs his edition of Shakespeare's plays ith an introduction, chiefly bibliogra- iical), described by the editors of the Cambridge Shakespeare' as "by far the ost valuable contribution to Shake- spearean criticism that had yet appeared." In 1783 came his 'Notes and* Various Read- ings to Shakespeare,' of which A. H. Bullen writes: "As a textual critic Capell was singularly acute, and his commentary is a valuable contribution to scholarship " ('Dictionary of National Biography'). Caper. (1) A dancing master in G. Abbott 1 Beckett's ' Unfortunate IMiss Bailey' (q.v). (2) A character in Alling- HAM's ' Who Wins ? or, The Widow's Choice.' Capers. (1) A musical farce in three acts, written and composed by Richard Stahl, with lyrics by Walter Parke, and first performed at the Standard Theatre, London, on November 23, 1SS5. (2) A farcical comedy by Fanny Marriott and Kenward :\Iatthews, Hampstead Vestry Hall, March 18, 1899. Capers and Coronets. A farce per- formed in New York, September, 1840. Capias. (1) An attorney in T. Dibdin's ' Will for the Deed ' (q.v.). (2) A character in M. and B. Barnett's ' Out on the Loose ' (q.v.). Capitaine de Voleurs (Le). See Old Offenders and Five Hundred Pounds Reward. Capital and Labour. A drama in four acts, by W. J. Patmoue and H. B. Moss, Pavilion Theatre, London, March 9, 1891. Capital Idea (A). A farce bv Frank Arden and Arthur Rushton, Philhar- monic Theatre, London, December 26, 1871. Capital Joke (A). An operetta, written by Frederic de Lara, composed l)y Lan- don Ronald, Prince of Wales's Club, London, January 21, 1894. Capital Match (A). (1) A farce in one act, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket, London, on November 4, 1852, with Keeley (Sunnyside), Howe, Mrs. Leigh Murray, and Miss R. Bennett ; at Burton's Theatre, New York, August, 1853. (2) A comedietta in one act, by William Parker, Theatre Royal, Rich- mond, April 26, 1897. Capitan (El). A comic opera, libretto by Charles Klein, music by John Philip Sousa, first performed at Tremont Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., on April 13, 1896, with a cast including De Wolf Hopper and Alfred Klein ; produced at the Broadway Theatre, New York, April 20, 1896. Capitol (The). A play by Augustus Thomas (q.v.), first performed at the Stan- dard Theatre, New York, September 9, 1895. Caprice. (1) A drama by O. S. Leland, first performed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in October, 1857, with a cast includ- ing Lester Wallack. (2) A play in four acts, by Howard Taylor (q.v.), first performed at the New Park Theatre, New York, on August 11, 1884, with Miss Minnie Maddern as Mercy Baxter ; first performed in England CAPRICE 250 CAPTAIN OF THE WATCH (revised by F. W. BROUGHTON)at the Globe Theatre, London, on October 22, 18S9, with INliss Loie Fuller as Mercii. and other parts by J. G. Grahame, J. T. Herndon, J. Mac- lean, Alfred INIaltby, Fuller Mellish, A. Boucicault, Miss Marie Linden, and Miss Susie Vaughan. — ' A Caprice : ' a play in one act, translated by J. Huntly M'Carthy from Alfred de Musset's ' Cn Caprice' (g.r.), and first performed at the Vaudeville The- atre, London, on ^Nlay 10, 1892, with Miss Marion Lea as Mdmc. de L'Hery and Miss May Whitty as Mathilde ; revived at the Garrick Theatre, London, in November, 1S92, with Miss E. Burney and :Miss R. Nisbett in those parts. Caprice, Prince, in 'A Voyage to the Moon' (q.v.). Caprice (TJn). See Caprice ; Charm- ing Widow, a ; Good Little Wife, A. Capricious Lady (The), a farce per- formed at Drury Lane in May, 1771. See Scornful Lady. Capricious Lovers (The). (1) A comedy by Odingsells, first acted at Lincoln's inn Fields in December, 1725. (2) A comic opera, words by Robert Lloyd, music by Rush, founded on Fa vart's ' Caprices d'Amour,' first acted at Drury Lane in November, 176i. Capsicomb, Sheriff and Mrs., in Planche'S ' Irish Post ' {q.v.). Captain (The). A comedy by Beau- mont and Fletcher, printed in 1647. " Jacomo is a rough captain and a woman- hater. Frank falls passionately in love with him. Jacomo at first does not think it possible that any woman should like him. At the conclusion he marries Frank" (Genest). "No portion can be definitely assigned to Beaumont, but Fletcher cer- tainly had assistance from some quarter" (Bullen). (2) A drama in three acts, by Don Carlos, Swindon, February 23, 1SS3. (3) A farcical comedy in three acts, by W. F. Field, Town Hall, Maidenhead, October 27, 1886. Captain Billy. An operetta in one act, words by Harry Greenbank, music by Fran(;ois Cellier, Savov Theatre, London, September 24, 1891. Captain Charlotte. A farce in two acts, by Edward Stirling (q.v.), first per- formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in March, 1843, with ^Sliss Kate Howard in the title part. Captain Cook. " A serious pantomime in three parts," performed at Covent Garden in 1789. Captain Cuttle. A comic drama in one act, "being a few more scenes from the moi-al of ' Dombey and Son,' " -sratten by John Brougham (q.v.), and first performed at Burton's Theatre, New York, on January 14, 1850; played as " a dramatic sketch in three acts" at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on November 20, 1880, with W. J. Florence in the title part, C. Fawcett as Mr. Dombey, T Squire as Sol Gills, J. L. Shine as Mr. Toots, ]\Irs. Leigh as Mrs. Skeleton, Miss Connie Gilchrist as Florence Dombey, Miss Myra Holme as Edith Granger, and Misi Amalia as Susan Nipper. Captain Fritz. A musical comedy drama in five acts, Lyric Theatre, Hammer- smith, April 5, 1897. Captain in Petticoats (A). A dra matic piece by Harry Jackson {q.v.), per formed in L'.S.A. Captain is not A-miss (The). ^ farce in one act, by T. E. Wilks {q.v.), firs performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London on April IS, 1836, with W. Bennett a General Stormwell, Hemming as Captaii Daring, Oxberry a.s JoJin Stock {sl "tiger"] Romer, Williams, Mrs. Nis'bett, Miss Moi daunt, and Miss Shaw. Captain Kidd; or,TheBoldBucca neer. A comic opera in three acts, librett by G. H. Abbott, music by F. Solomor first performed at the Prince of Wales'' Theatre, Liverpool, September 10, 1883. Se Captain Kvd. Captain Kyd. A drama first pe formed at the Park Theatre, New Yorl in July, 1839, with Richings as the hei and :Miss Cushman as Elspy. See Captai Kidd. Captain Lettarblair. A play I Marguerite Merington, performed :' U.S.A. Captain Mario. A comedy by Stephe GossoN {q.v.), described by him as *'a cal of Italian devises ; " produced some tin! after 1579. Captain O'Blunder ; or, Brave Irishman. A farce by Thom.^ Sheridan, first performed at Goodmai' Fields ill January, 1746 ; in New Yoi 1765. Captain of the Guard (The). S Captain of the Watch. \ Captain of the Vxiltuire (The). £• Millicent. Captain of the Watch (The). farce in one act, " freely rendered," by J. ; Planche, from Lockroy's 'Le Chevalier •• Guet,' and first performed at Covent Gard on February 24, 1841, with C. J. Mathews the title part (F/scown^ de Ligny), Bartley Baron Vandcrpatter, J. Vining as Adolf Courtray, Mrs. Walter Lacy as Kristina,& Mrs. Huniby as Katrt/n ; performed in N York in lb42, with Walcot as De Ligny ; vived at the Haymarket Theatre in Ap: 1869, with Sothern as the Viscount, Miss Cavendish as Kristina, Miss Caroline I as Katryn, and Chippendale as the Ban revived at the Lyceum Theatre, London;'- lSSl-2, with W. Terriss in the title part ; • vived, with interpolated lyrics by FRE- rick Wood and music bv George Fox,.! ' The Captain of the Guard,' at the Tliea> i CAPTAIN PAUL 251 CARACTACUS Royal, Margate, July 24, 1882, with a cast including the lyrist and composer, E. J. Henley, and Miss Lucy Franklein. Captain Paul. A melodrama adapted by E. E. Rose and Alfred de Lisser from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, first produced at the Castle Square Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., November 12, 1S94 ; per- formed at the Herald Square Theatre, New York, in April or May, 1S95, with Robert HiUiard in the title part. Captain Pro Tern. A play by Mark Lemo.n, performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, 1841-44. Captain Stevens. A play performed in New York in 1833, with Richings in the cast. Captain Swift. A play in four acts, by C. Haddo.n Chambers {q.v.), first per- formed at the Haymarket Theatre on the afternoon of June 20, 1888, with H. Beer- bohm Tree in the title part, F. H. Macklin as Gardiner, R. Pateman as Marshall, H. Kemble as Mr. Seabrook, F. Gillmore as : Harry Seabrook, Miss Agnes Miller as Mabel i Seabrook, Mrs. Tree as Stella Darbisher, Miss i Rose Leclercq as Lady Staunton, and Lady \ Monckton as Mrs. Seabrook ; put into the evening bill at the same theatre on Septem- ber 1, 1S88, with H. B. Tree, H. Kemble, F. H. Macklin, Mrs. Tree, Miss Leclercq, and Lady Monckton in their original roles, C. H. E. Brooktieldas Marshall, Fuller Mellish as Harry, and Miss A. Cudmore as Mabel ; revived at the Haymarket on December 2, ]893 ; played in London and the British provinces in 1894, with F. H. Macklin in his original part, T. B. Thalberg as the hero, Mrs. Macklin as Mrs. Seabrook, Miss R. Nesbitt as Stella, etc. ; produced in New York in 1895, with H. B. Tree in his original part. Captain Therese. A comic opera in three acts, words by Alexandre Bisson and Frank C. Burnand, music by Robert Planquette, first performed at the Prince of "NVales's Theatre, London, on August 25, 1890, with Miss Attalie Claire in the title part, and other roles by Hayden Coffin, Joseph Tapley, Harry Monkhouse, H. Ash- ley, Miss Phyllis Broughton, and Madame Amadi ; revived at the Criterion Theatre on the afternoon of May 30, 1893, with Miss Eramott-Herbert in the title part. Captain Thomas Stukeley. See Battle of Alcazar and Stukeley. Captain Underwit. A play first prmted by A. H. Bullen in his ' Collection of Old EngUsh Plays,' and ascribed by him to the year 1640 or thereabouts. It is "a domestic comedy, written" — "no doubt" by Shirley (^.y.)— "in close imitation of Ben Jonson." The manuscript gives no title to the play, which was christened as above by Halli well- Phillips. Professor A. W. Ward speaks of it as "affecting him like a paroily on ' The Woman Killed with Kindness.' " Captain's Come, performed at Niblo's Garden, New York, in 1837, with Miss Clara Fisher and Jefi:er.son in the cast, was after- wards re-christened ' Tom Noddy's Secret.' Captivating- Carmen. A burlesque by JlARTiN Byam and Byam Wyke, Pier Theatre, Folkestone, August 4, 1890. Captive (The). (1) A comic opera, words by Isaac Bickerstaff, music by C. Dibdin ; taken from the comic scenes of ' Don Sebastian ; ' acted at the Hay- market in 1769. (2) A "monodrama" by M. G. Lewis, first performed at Covent Garden on March 22, 1803. We read that " Mrs. Litchfield recited the monodrama in a most perfect manner, and gave to the per- formance all the effect of tine acting. Her chai-acter was that of a maniac, and her em- bodiment of the author'shorrible imaginings, combined with the scenic effects and other startling appearances, which with his usual skill he introduced into the piece, threw a portion of the audience into hysterics, and the whole theatre intoconfusion'and horror." The monodrama was recited by Mrs. Scott Siddons at Southsea in July, 1879, and by Miss Ellen Terry at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in 1880. Captive of Spilsburg- (The). A musical piece in two acts — the words ascribed to Prince Hoare, the music by Dussek — taken from ' Le Souterrain,' and first per- formed at Drury Lane on November 14, 1798. Captives (The). (1) A play printed by A. IL Bullen (from an anonymous manu- script in the British Museum) in his ' Col- lection of Old English Plays ; ' licensed in 1624, and ascribed, with good reason, to T. Heynvood (q.v.). "The internal evidence of style and manner is irresistible " (A. \V. Ward). (2) A tragedy by John Gay (q.v.), first acted at Drury Lane on January 15, 1724. "A Persian captive (Booth) is a Joseph, against whom the Median queen, whom he has offended, vows vengeance ; in pursuit of which, love and murder are extensively employed. Mrs. Oldfield had one good scene in it as Cylene, captive wife of the Persian Joseph, for whom she entertains a warm re- gard, of which he is worthy " (Doran). (3) A comedy by Plautus, translated by Richard Warner, and printed in 1767. (4) A tragedy by John Delap, first performed at Drury Lane on March 9, 1786. Capuchin (The). See Trip to Calais. Capulet and Lady Capulet. Father and mother of Juliet in Shakespeare's 'Romeo and Juliet' (q.v.), and in the various travesties thereof. Caractacus. (1) A "dramatic poem" by William Mason, published in 1759, dramatized by the author, and first per- formed at Covent Garden on December 6, 1776, with Clarke in the title part, Lewis as Arviraijus (son of Caractacus), Mrs. Hartley as Evelina (his daughter), etc. (2) A ballet dac?,'D-Twenty- ElGHT. Casting- "Vote (The). An election- eering squib, "in one bang," libretto t)y Walter Helmore, music by Walter Slaughter. Prince's Theatre, London, Octo- ber 7, 1SS5. Castle Grim. An opera, words by R. Reece (g-r ), music by G. Allen, Royalty Theatre, London, September 2, 1865. Castle of Andalusia (The). See Banditti, The ; or. Love's Labyrinth. Castle of Ayraon (The); or, The Four Brothers. An opera, music by M. W. Balfe iq.v.), first performed (as ' Les Quatre Fils Aymon ') at the Opera Comique, Paris, July 15*, 1844 ; at the Princess's The- atre, London, November 20, 1844. Castle of Como (The). See Lady of Lyons, The. Castle of Montval (The). A tragedy in five acts, by the Rev. T. S. Whalley, first performed at Drury Lane on April 23, 1799. Castle of Morsino (The). A drama in three acts, by W. Loveday, 1312. Castle of Otranto (The). A "romantic extravaganza" in one act, written by Gil- bert Abbott a Beckett (?.r.), in travesty of Horace Walpole's story of the same name, and first performed at the Haymarket on April 24, 1S4S, with Keeley as Manfred, J. Bland as Vincenza, Caultield as Odonto, I\Irs. W. Cliflford as Hipiyolita, Mrs. Caulfield as Matilda, Miss P. Horton as TAeodore, and I Miss Reynolds as Isabella. Castle of Paluzzi (The). A drama | by Raymond, jun., Covent Garden, May 27, 1818. Castle of Perseverance (The). Aj morality, temp. Henry VI., showing, first, how Bonus and Malus Angelus contend for the possession of Humanum Genus; how, Malus Genus being victorious, Bonus An- gelus, aided by Confessio and Penitencia, establish Humanum Genus in the Castle of, Perseverance, which, besieged by the Seven: Deadly »Sins, led by Mundus, Belyal, and: Caro. is successfully defended by the Seven- Cardinal Virtues. In his old age, however,] Humanum Genus is drawn from the castle- by the wiles of Avaritia, and, dying, is, carried before Pater Sedens in Judicio, bj; whom, on the appeal of Misericordia, he is forgiven. Castle of Sorrento (The). A comic opera in two acts, words by Henry Heart "S\'ELL, music by Attwood ; founded on ' L( Prisonnier ; on. La Ressamblance,' and firs performed at the Haymarket in July, 1799. • Castle of Wonders (The\ A " dra matic romance," Drury Lane, March, 1819. Castle Sombras. A play by H Greenough - Smith and Felix Mans FIELD, first performed in America at th Opera House, Chicago, November 12, 189( by a company including Richard Mansfield; Castle Spectre (The). A romanti' drama in three acts, by M. G. Lewis {q.v. first performed at Drury Lane on Decembc 14, 1797, with Barrvmore as Earl Osmoru- Wroughton as Eaii Reginald, Kemble {' Percy, Palmer as Father Philip, Bannistt, as Motley, Aickin as Kenric, Mrs. Jordan i Angela, Mrs. Walcot as Alice, and Mr. PoM-ell as the Spectre of Evelina ; revived ; the Havmarket in 1S03, Covent Garden 1804, 1809, and 1812 ; performed at Phil delphia, U.S.A., in 1S12, with Mrs. Duff Angela ; revived at the Haymarket in 18] Covent Garden in 1S13, and Drury Lane 1322 ; at the Citv of Loudon Theatre in 184. with Charles Dillon and Mrs. Yarnold in t cast ; at the Marvlebone Theatre in 1844 ; ' Sadler's Wells in 1849 ; and at the Gait Theatre, London, on May 5, 1880, with J CASTLES IX THE AIR 261 CATCHING AN HEIRESS Jeveridge as Earl Osmond, J. B. Johnstone 1,3 Earl Reginald, Crawford as Percy, J. L. [jhine as Father Philip, W. Elton as Motley, \ Squire as Kenric Miss Lonise Willes as l^ngela, Mrs. Leigh as Alice, and Miss Hob- ion as the Spectre. ''Earl Osmond— the 'iUain of the piece— after distinguishing imself in certain Scottish "wars of an un- [nown period, has caused his elder brother ind his brother's wife and child to be iiurdered, and has usurped Conway Castle, /ith all the property belonging to it. By •ne of those interpositions peculiar to ramas, the brother and child were saved— ae lady only having fallen a victim to rovide a good ghost for the story. The rother, loaded with chains, and fed upon read and water, has been immured for xteen years in one of Earl Esmond's dun- :eons without the earl knowing it ; the 'liler being a satisfied dependant, who is a ;range compound of greediness, cnielty, Ismorse, and pity. The child— a little girl— p,s grown up into the beautiful Angela, a iipposed cottager's daughter, outside the Lstle gates, and has excited the worthy ve of Percy, Earl of Northumberland, and le unworthy love of the villain, Earl imond. Falling into the power of the llain, this young lady becomes the main- )ring of the drama— one party in Conway (istle struggling to keep her ; tlie other (irty, outside the castle, struggling to scue her" (John Hollingshead, ' Foot- ';hts,' 1S83). Castles in the Air. A comedietta by M. Rae (q v.), first performed at the ludevilie Theatre, London, December 26, 70, with a cast including H. Howe, C. W, irthorne, and Miss Kate Bishop. Castlewood, Lady Rachel and 3atrix, are characters in W. (J. AVili.s's aptation of Tha,ckeray's 'Esmond ' iq.v.). Castro, Agnes de. See Agnes de STRO. Clastruccio. Favourite of the King of 'ples in Beaumont and Fletcher's cable Marriage ' (jr.). !3astruccio ; or, The Deformed. A 'ima by Edgar Newbound, Britannia 'eatre, London, July 24, 1878. pasual Acquaintance. A play, in a Jilogue and three acts, by J. F. Cooke, "iifalgar Square Theatre, London, May 25. 13. Jaswallon ; or, The Briton Chief. ^;ragedy by Walker, performed at Drury ■lie, January, 1829, >vith Young in the title 1 1. -at and the Cherub (The). A play QChmese life by Chester Bailey Fer- JpD, first performed at Hammerstein's t;mpia Music Hall, New York, September ^ 1897 ; produced at the Lyric Theatre. lulon, October 30, 1897. iat's Eye (The). A faicical comedy by Edward Rose (q.v.), New Theatre, Oxford, May 22, 1893. Cat's in the Larder (The) ; or, The Maid with the Parasol. A travesty of 'La Gazza Ladra; or. The Maiden of Paillaisseau,' first performed at Mitchell's Olympic Theatre, New York, on December 24, 1840, with Mitchell as Fernamlo. Cataract of the Ganges (The) ; or. The Rajah's Daughter. A " romantic melodrama " by W. T. Moncrieff (?.v.), first performed at Drury Lane Theatre on Oc- tober 27, 1823, with Younge as the Rajah of Guzerat, Miss L. Kelly as Zamine (his daughter), AVallack as Mokarra (the Grand Brahmin), S. Penley as Iran, Harley as Jack Robinson, etc. Mokarra, wishing to marry Zamine, carries her to a wood near the cataract ; she is, however, rescued by Iran, her lover, Mokarra being shot by Robinson. " Moncrieff says, in his advertise- ment, that he wrote [the play] by Elliston's desire, for the sake of introducing horses and a cataract. Jack Robinson, who affects to imitate Robinson Crusoe on all occasions, is a contemptible character " (Genest). The play was revived at Drury Lane (revised by E. L. Blanchard) on March 3, 1873, with Brittain Wright as Robinson, H. Rignold as Mokajee, J. Johnstone as the Rajah, J. C. Cowper as Mokarra, F. Charles as Iran, Miss Seymour as Ubra, and Miss P:dith Stuart as Zamine; at the Grand Opera House, New York, by Augustin Daly, in 1872-73, with Mrs. John Wood as Polly Persimmons. See D. Cook's 'Nights at the Play ' (1883). Catarina. The Princess in Planche's 'White Ca.t'(q.v.). Catcall, Sir Critic. The name under which D'L'RFEY, in a preface to his ' Ban- ditti '(g.r.), ridicules some person unknowTi. Catch a Weasel. A farce in one act, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), first per- formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on March 17, 1802, with 'Jurner as ^'upki7^s, Poynter as Dr. Wapshott, J. Rogers as Tompkins Tipthorpe, and Miss Carson as Lydia Nupkins. Catch him -w^ho Can. A musical farce in two acts, words by Theodore Hook {q.v.), music by Hook, sen., first performed at the Haymarket in June, 1806. Catching a Mermaid. "Anamphi- bious piece of extravagance," in one act, by J. Stirling Coyne (g.r.), first performed at the Olympic Tlieatre, London, on October 20, 1855, with F. Robson as Titus Tuffins (a showman). Miss Stephens as Mrs. Tvjfins, and Miss Bromley as Polly. The other cha- racters are Jim Junifer (clown), Simon Lilyivhite, and Mr. Foggo. E. L. Blanchard speaks of Robson's singing of ' Country Fair ' as a " wonderful achievement." The piece was played at the Adelphi Theatre in May, 1859, as ' The Talking Fish.' Catching an Heiress. A farce by Charles .Selby {q.v.), performed at the CATCHPENNY 262 CATLEY Queen's Theatre, ^^•ith Beeve as an ostler ,fho counterfeits a German baron. Robson played in it at the Olympic in March, ISoS. Catchpenny, in Colman'S 'Suicide' ^''catesby, Sir William A character in SHAKESPEARE'S ' Kicliard in. (g V.)- Tata-ut Dr., in Foote's 'Commissary' (.y.r.xS a 'satire 'upon Dr. Arne. the com- poser (q.v.). Catharine. A drama in one act, by CecTl FiTZROY, Novelty Theatre, London, March 22, 1S97. Cathcart, James F. Actor, born 1828, died 1902 ; made his first appearance as the boy in ' Pizarro ' (q.v.). After some country training he was engaged by Charles Kean for the Princess's Theatre, London, where he made his metropolitan djbutmbeviem-^ ber, 1850, as Sebastian in ' Twelfth N ight. Laertes, Malcolm in ' ^Jacbeth,' Albany in ' Lear,' Lorenzo in ' The Merchant of } enice, Alonzo in 'Pizarro,' Charles Oakley \n ^ Ihe Jealous Wife,' Nemours in ' Louis XL, and other such rdZes, followed. Cathcart was also an the original cast of Jerrold's Heart ot Gold' (1854). He afterwards accompanied Kean to Drury Lane, to play such parts as Stukely in ' The Gamester ' (1861), After this came (1863-66) tours with Kean m Australia and America. In 1876 Cathcart appeared at Drury Lane with Barry Sullivan (with whom he was associated for some years as leading "support" and stage director) as Banquo, Henry YI. in 'Richard III., etc. His latest appearances were made in Australia. Cathcart, Rowley [Rolleston] Actor, boVn at Chichester, 1S32 ; died 1896 ; after some provincial experience, made his Lon- don dbut at the Princess's Theatre in Sep- tember, 1850, as the Second Flayer m 'Hamlet.' He remained connected with the Princess's for eighteen years, under the successive managements of Charles Kean, Augustus Harris, and George \ining. During that period he played such parts as The Prince of Morocco and Laiincelot Gobbo in - The Merchant of Venice.' He was engaged later at the Globe, the Queen's, the Prince of Wales's, the Court, the St. James s, and the Garrick Theatres.-His daughter Maud Cathcart, made her professional^ debut, m 1878 at the Court as the original Polly Flamborough in 'Olivia' (q-v.).^ S;he was afterwards at the Folly, the St. James s the Savov, and the Olympic, and played Nita in ' Nita's First ' in New York. Catherick, Anne. See Wom.^n in White. Catherine. (1) Daughter of the Di/A-^ in Knowles's 'Love' {q.v.). (2) ^^ ife of Mathia^ in 'The Bells' {q.v.) and 'The Polish Jew ' {q.v.). Catherine. A comedy in four acts, by HENRI L.^vedan (Comedie Frangaise, January 24, 1S9S), first performed in English at the Garrick Theatre, New \ork, October 24 1898, with Miss Annie Russell in the title part and Mrs. S. C. Le Moyne as the Duchesse de Contras. Catherine and Petruchio. See Taming of the Shrew The. Catherine Douglas. A tragedy by Sir Arthur Helps, published in 1843. Catherine Grey. An opera, libretto by Alfred Binn, music by M. ^\ . Balfe, first performed at Drury Lane Theatre, London, on May 27, 1837, with a cast in- eluding the composer, Seguin, S. Jones, Miss Romer, and :Miss Rainforth. Catherine Howard, the Fifth Wife of Henry yill. A drama by Alexandre Dumas, adapted to the Enghsh stage, successively, by W. E. Suter (5.1-.), F.. Phillips {q.v.), and John Colem.\n {q.v.). An adaptation Avas performed at New Or; leans, U.S.A., in December, 1891. A versior by Mrs. Bandmann-Palmer, entitled' Cathe rine Howard ; or. The Tomb, the Throne and the Scaflfold,' was produced at ^\ eymoutl on January 2, 1892. ' Catherine Howard or Under a Crimson Crown,' a play m fou acts by Ken yon Lyle, was brought out a the Queen's Theatre, Glasgow, on Augus 15, 1S98. See Ambition. Osbaldiston as Peter the Great. Catiline. (D ' Catiline's Conspiracy: a play by Stephen Gosson, mentioned b: him in his ' School of Abuse ' (1579). (2. ' Catiline's Conspiracy : ' a play by Rober; Wilson and Henry Chettle, performed ^ 1598. (3) ' Catiline, his Conspiracy : a trs gedy bv Ben Jonson, printed in 1611. was revived at the Theatre Royal m 166i. with Hart as Catiline, Burt as Cicero, an Mrs. Corey as Sempronia. Pepys, who wi nessed this performance, thought the tn gedy "a play of much good sense an words to read, but that do appear the wor upon the stage, I mean the least divertin. that ever I saw any." " Jonson has m tbi as in almost aU his works, made great u. of the ancients. His Sylla's ghost at tl, opening of this play is an evident copy fro that of Tantalus at the beginning of seneca 'Thvestes,' and much is also transiau from Sallust through the course of tc piece " (' Biogi-aphia Dramatica ). '^3, line's Conspiracy,'." says Hazlitt, is spj, out to an excessive length with _ Cicen artificial and affected orations agamstta line, and in praise of himself His apolog for his own eloquence, and declaration th in all his art he uses no art at all, put in mind of Polonius's circuitou.s way_ coming to the front." (4) ' Catihne : tragedv by George Croly {q.v.), printed 1822. For plot and criticism, see Gene. ' English Stage '" (1832). Catley, Anne. Vocalist and actre born 1745,' died 1789; the daughter coachman and a washerwoman ; began 1 CATO CATO OF UTICA career by singing in public-houses, and early in her teens was apprenticed to a teacher of vocalism. She made her first public appearance at Vauxhall Gardens in 1762, figuring at Covent Garden Theatre later in the year as the Pastoral Nymph in an adaptation of ' Comus ' (q.v.). " She was ' at this period," we read, " remarkable for little more than the beauty of her person, ■ and a diffidence in public which she soon got rid of." Becoming the pupil of Macklin, the actor, she obtained, through his in- fluence, an engagement at Dublin, where she was very popular. In 1770 she re- appeared at Covent Garden as Rosetta in 'Love in a Village ' (g.v). In 1773, at the same theatre, she was the original Juno in O'Hara's ' Golden Pippin' (g. v.), making a particular success in the songs beginning ' Push about the Jorum ' and 'Where's the mortal can resist me?' She retired from the stage in 1784. "She had always been , attentive to economy, and had amassed a I considerable fortune" ('Thespian Dic- tionary,' 1805). " She is said to have been married to General Lascelles, at whose house near Brentford she died " (' Eccentric Biography,' 1803). "She had a great deal (Of stage impudence," says Genest, " but it does not appear that she ever incurred the 'displeasure of the audience." O'Keefe says : I" She was one of the most beautiful women [l ever saw ; the expression of her eyes and ithe smiles and dimples that played around 'her lips and cheeks were enchanting " ;' Recollections,' 1826). Boaden, in his ■Life of Mrs. Siddons,' .says that Miss Catley's singing was "of unequalled animal spirits ; it was Mrs. Jordan's comedy carried nto music." See (in addition to tlie autho- •ities above mentioned) ' Memoirs of the ;elebrated Miss Ann C y ' (1773) and ' The ^ife and Memoirs of the late Miss Ann patley, the Celebrated Actress ' (1789). ! Cato. A tragedy in five acts, by ■OSEPH Addison {q.v.), first performed at )rury Lane Theatre, April 14, 1713, with 5ooth as Cato, Cibber as Syphax, Wilks as 'uba, Powell as Fortius, Mills as Sempro- ii(S, Ryan as Marcus, Bowman as Deems, Zeen as Lucius, INIrs. Oldfield as Marcia, pd Mrs. Porter as Lucia. "Nine years jefore it was acted," writes Cibber, " I had fie pleasure of .reading the first four acts vhich was all of it then written) privately ith Sir Richard Steele. ... He told me, hatever spirit Mr. Addison had shewn in is writing it, he doubted he would never p-ve courage enough to let his ' Cato ' stand jie censure of an English audience— that it id only been the amusement of his leisure 3urs in Italy, and was never intended for le stage. ... In the latter end of Queen nne's reign, when our national politicks id changed hands, the friends of Mr. klison then thought it a proper time to limate the publick with the sentiments of 'ato ; ' in a word, their importunities were warm to be resisted, and it was no oner finish'd than hurried to the stage." bber (who was then a manager as Avell as actor) continues : " As the author had made us a present of whatever profits he might have claimed from it, we thought ourselves obliged to spare no cost in the proper decora- tions of it." The result was a great popular and pecuniary success, "The deficiencies of ' Cato ' as an acting play were," -wTites Courthope, "more than counterbalanced by the violence of party spirit, which insisted on investing the comparatively tame senti- ments assigned to the Roman champions of liberty Avith a pointed modern applica- tion." As Pope wrote to Trumbull : "The numerous and violent claps of the Whig party on the one side of the theatre were echoed back by the Tories on the other." The play 'ran' for the period, then un- precedented, of thirty-five nights ; so that at the close of the theatre each of the three ' managing actors ' found themselves the richer by £1350. The epilogue was written by Sir Samuel Garth. In the prologue Pope said of the author and his work— "There tears shall flow . . . Such tears as patriots shed for dying laws- He bids your breasts with ancient ardour rise. And calls forth Roman drops from British eyes. Virtue contessed in human shape he draws. What Plato thought and god-like Cato was." " Of ' Cato,' " says Dr. Johnson, " it has not been unjustly determined that it is rather a poem in dialogue than a drama : rather a succession of just sentiments in elegant language than a representation of natural affections." *' The character of Cato," writes W. J. Courthope, ' is an abstraction, round which a number of other lay figures are skilfully grouped. . . . Juba, the virtuous young prince of Numidia ; Fortius and Marcus, Cato's virtuous sons ; and Marcia, his virtuous daughter, are all equally ad- mirable and equally lifeless." The play was revived at Covent Garden in January, 1734, with Quin as Cato and with Marcus and Juba omitted ; at the same theatre in November, 1754, with Sheridan as Cato, Mrs. Bellamy as Marcia, and Syphax omitted ; at Drury Lane in December, 1756, with Mossop as Cato and Mrs. Pritchard as Marcia; at the Haymarket in August, 1777, with Digges as Cato ; at Drury Lane in April, 1784, with Kemble as Cato ; at Covent Garden in May, 1797, with Pope as Cato and Macready as Marcus ; at the same theatre in December, 1802, with Cooke as Cato ; and at the same theatre in January, 1811, with C. Kemble as Juba, Mrs. H. Johnston as Marcia, and Miss S. Booth as Lucia. In this last instance, the play, says Genest, "was very properly revived with change of scenes, in order to obviate the absurdities in which Addison had involved himself by making the whole play pass in Cato's great hall." The play was performed in New York in September and October, 1750 ; in March, 1768, with Mrs. Hallam as Lucia; in February, 1794, with Hallara as Cato ; and in October, 1837, with Vandenhoff as Cato, H. Wallack as Syphax, J. Wallack, jun., as Juba, and Mrs. Rogers as Lucia. Cato of TJtica. A tragedy translated from the French of Deschamps, and per- CATO THE YOUNGER 264 CAVALIER foniied three times at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1716. Cato the Young-er. Friend of Brutus and Cassius in Shakespeare's ' Julius C?esar ' (^.r.). Catspaw, in Burnand's 'Der Frei- schutz.' Catspaw (The). (1) A comedy by Douglas Jerrold (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on May 9, 1S50, -with J. B. Euckstone as Appleface, W. Webster as Coolcard, and Mrs. Keeley as Rosemary. (2) A drama by Fred Jarmax, Royal Albany Theatre, Durham, November 3, isSo. (3)' A comedy adapted by Max O'Rell from ' Le Voyage de M. Perrichon,' and tirst performed at'the Griswold Opera House, Troy, New York, October 14, 1895. Cattarina. A comic opera in two acts, libretto by R. Reece, music by F. Clay, first performed at the Prince's Theatre, Man- chester, on August 17, 1S74 ; first played in London at the Charing Cross Theatre on May 15, 1S75, %^ith Miss Kate Santley in the title part, E. Rosenthal as Duke Valerio, and H. Walsham as Fabian. Cattle King- (The). A drama in five acts, first performed in America ; produced at the Mun caster Theatre, Bootle, January 2, 1S96. Caug-ht. (1) A comedietta in one act, by Thomas Se.nnett, first performed at the Theatre Royal, Sunderland, September 21, 18S3. (2) A comedy-drama in three acts, adapted by Stanislaus Calhaem(3.i'.), per- formed at the Comedy Theatre, June 29, 1SS6. Caught and Cag-ed. An operetta, libretto by J. Palgrave Simpson (q.v.). Caught at Last. (1) A drama by Nelson Lee (q.v.), produced at the City of London Theatre at Easter, 1864. (2) A co- medietta, performed at the St. James's Theatre, London, December 20, 1S73. Caug-ht hy the Cuff. A farce by Frederick Hay (,q.v.). Caug-ht by the Ears. A "farcical extravaganza" in one act, by C. SELEY(g.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, Lon- don, on May 30, 1S59. Caug-ht in a Line ; or, The Un- rivalled Blondin. A " pi^ce de circon- stance" in one scene by C. Bolton, first performed at the Strand Theatre, Loudon, on March 3, 1S62, with J. Clarke as Willia ni Buggleton, and other parts by Povnter, Turner, Miss Fanny Josephs, and :Mis3 La vine. Caug-ht in a Trap. (1) A comedy in two acts, first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on November 25, 1S43, with a cast including B. Webster, J. B. Buck- stone, H. Holl, Miss Julia Bennett, and Mrs. Nisbett. (2) A comeily in three acts and in blank verse, by H. HoLL (q.v.), first per- formed at the Princess's Theatre, London', on February 8, 1860, bv George Melville, F :Matthews, R. Cathcart, H. Saker, Mrs. AVeston, Miss Carlotta Leclercq, etc.— ' Caught in his own Trap : ' a comedietta by George Roberts (q.v.). Caught in the Toils. An adapta- tion by John Brougham (q.v.) of Miss Braddon's novel, ' Only a Clod,' first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, on October 14, 1865, with Miss Herbert as Julia Desiixond, Walter Lacy as Francis Tre- dethlyn, and Belton as Roderick Lowther. Caug-ht Out. An adaptation by Flo- RENCE Bright of 'Die Kunstreiterin,' first performed at the St. George's Hall, London, in July, 1888. See CiRCUS Rider and Fair Equestrienne. Caulfield, John. A performer at Drury Lane and the Haymarket ; died 1815 ; notable for his imitations of actors, which led Colman, jun., to write for him tht role of Apeu-ell in ' New Hay in the OU Market' (5. r.) (1795). Caulfield, Louisa. Actress ; bort. 1822, died September, 1870 ; at one timei popular in burlesque; was the origina:. Ellen Brooks in Palgrave Simpson's ' Blact Sheep' (g.i-.). Cause Celebre, TJne. See Proof. Caustic. (1) A character in ' The Wa; to get Married' (5. r.). (2) "A gentlemai; upon town," in Selby's ' Spanish Dancers: (q.v.). Cautherley. Actor ; appeared at Drur;' Lane Theatre in 1765 in ' George Barnwell ; was a great favourite in Dublin about 177S. Cautley, Laurence. Actor ; was ii the original casts of ' ^Moths' (1SS2), 'Twins. (1884), 'The Red Lamp' (1887), ' Marion d Lorme' (18^7), ' Partners ' (1888), ' The Lev, that Kills' (IS^S), 'Woodbarrow Farm (18881, 'The Union Jack' (1888), 'Esthe Sandraz' (1S89), 'Quicksands' (1890), '01< Friends ' (18901, ' A Trip to Chicago ' (Lon don, 1893), 'The Duchess of Coolgardie (1896), etc. Cavalier (The). (1) A play in three act and in blank verse, by Charles Whixehea (q.v), first performed at the Haymarke Theatre, London, on September 15, 183( with VandenhofF in the title part (Captai Rargra ve). Miss Ellen Tree as Mrs. Hargrav and J. Vining and Elton in other parts ; pe: formed in STew York in November, 1847 with Pitt as Margrave and Mrs. Abbott a Mrs. Harqrave; revived at Sadler's Wei on Septeuiber 20 and 21, 1850, with Georg Bennett as Hargrove, Charles Wheatleig as Lord Moreton, Miss Eliza Travers as Mr Hargrave, Miss Marston a.^ Mrs. Maynaro at the Lyceum, on November 3, 1856, wit C. Dillon as Hargrave, Mrs. Dillon as Mr Hargrave, and Mrs. White as Mrs. Maynar., The role of Hargrave was also played i various times by E. L. Davenport, H. Ma ston, S. Butler, H. Hughes, Denvil, E. . CAVALIER OF FRANCE 265 CECIL Savile, and others. (2) A play in one act, bv Justin Huntly McCarthy, Theatre iRoyal, Belfast, April 19, 1894. (3) The title of an American adaptation of a play by D'Ennery (q.v.). Cavalier of France (A). See Queen's Garter, The. Cavalleria Rusticana. This opera, by Mascagm, was first performed -with an EnsHsh libretto at the Grand Theatre, Islington, on April 9, 1894- Cave, Joseph Arnold. Theatrical manager and actor ; began public life at nine years of age at the Pavilion Theatre, Portman Market, and, after figuring for years as actor, singer, and dancer at the Apollo, Bower, Britannia, and other " saloons" (including Evans's), and as actor at the Marylebone, Deptford, Grecian, Gar- rick, and other theatres, became, in 1858, manager of the Marylebone Theatre, where he remained for nearly ten years. He was ithe director successively of the Sadler's Wells, Surrey, Victoria (1867), Greenwich 1872), Marylebone (for the second time), 4.1hambra, and Elephant and Castle Theatres -his rule at the Alhambra being notable for ;he production of ' Chilperic' (q.v.), ' Spec- ;resheim' {q.v.),an(\ 'Lord Bateman ' (q.v.). kt the Imperial Theatre he produced two pantomimes for Miss Litton. Of late years ie has fulfilled numerous engagements as ictor with Sir Augustus Harris and other mtreproieurs. He is the author of ' The Did Toll-House ' and some other dramas, .^"ee A Jubilee of Dramatic Life and Incident )f Joseph A. Cave,' edited by Robert Soutar 1892). Cavendish, Ada. [Mrs. Frank Mar- ihall]. Actress, born 1847, died October, .895 ; made her first appearance in London it the Royalty Theatre on August 31, 1863, is Selina Squeers in ' The Pirates of Putney.' 5he afterwards figured at the same theatre IS Venus in Burnand's ' Ixion ' (1863), Lady \Iosty7i in his ' Madame Berliot's Ball ' (1863), he Princess Superba in his ' Rucufelstilt- kin (1864), and Ilippodamia in his *Piri- hous'(1865) — all "first productions." Thence ;he went to the Haymarket, playing Emme- ine in 'A Romantic Attachment' (1866). 3ere, in 1869, she represented Mrs. Finch- eck in the first production of Robertson's Home.' Her other original parts included >[rs. Darlington in Halliday's 'For Love r Money' (1870), Grace Eliot't in ]Marston's Lamed for Life ' (1871), Mrs. Featherstone a Cheltnam's ' Matchmaker ' (1871), Estelle a Wills and Marston's 'Broken Spells' 1872), Pia de Tolomei in Marston's 'Put the Test' (1873), Mercy Merrick in W. ^oUins's 'New Magdalen' (1873), Lady Uancarty in Tom Taylor's play so named 1874), Miss Givilt in W, Collins's drama so lamed (1876), Kathleen in 'The Queen of :;onnaught '(1877), Lady Clare in Robert .5uchanan's play so named (1SS3), Marie in ). G. Boucicault's 'Devotion' (1884), and iphrodite in R. Buchanan's ' Bride of Love' L890). She was also seen in London as Helen Mar in Anderson's 'Scottish Chief (1866), Marchesa San Pietro in P. Simpson's ' Marco Spada ' (1870), Donna Diana in W. INIarston's play so named (1871), Julia in the ' Hunch- back ' (1872), Juliet (1873), Beatrice and Rosa- lind (1875), Lady Teazle (1877), Blanche in ' Kerry ' (1878), Marie de Fontanges in ' Plot and Passion ' (1881), Clara Douglas in * Money ' (1882), and Marie in ' In his Power ' (1885). In September, 1878, she appeared at the Broadway Theatre, New York, as Mercy Merrick in the ' New INIagdalen,' and in 1880 she played Juliet and Lady Clancarty at the Grand Opera House there. See F. C. Bur- nand's 'Reminiscences of the Royalty' (Theatre, February, 1896). Cavendish, Margaret. See New- castle, Duchess of. Cavendish, William. See New- castle, DUlvE OF. Cawdell, James. Actor, manager, and playwright, died January, 1800 ; was for thirty years director and principal come- dian of various theatres in North- Eastern England, retiring from the stage in 1798. He is described as "uncommonly skilful" in characters of a " dry, eccentric cast." He wrote several dramatic pieces. See ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812). Cazauran, Aug-ustus R. American playwright, died January 27, 1889 ; author of ' The Esmondes of Virginia ' (1SS6), ' The Martyr' (1SS7), and other pieces. Cead Mille Failthe. An Irish drama, in prologue and three acts, by Mortimeu MuKDOCK, East London Theatre, Decem- ber 22, 1S77. " Cease your funning-." Song ])y Polly in Gay's 'Beggar's Opera,' act ii. so. 1— "Force or cunning Never shall my heart trepan." Cecil, Arthur [Blunt]. Actor, born near London, 1843, died 1896 ; made his pro- fessional debut (after experience as an amateur) at the Gallery of Illustration, London, on Easter :Monday, 1869, as Mr. Churchmouse in 'No Cards"' (?.i\) and Box in ' Cox and Box ' (q.v.). He was afterwards the first representative of the following parts :— At the Globe Theatre : Jonathan Wagstaff in Gilbert's ' Committed for Trial' (1874), and Mr, Justice Jones in Albery's ' "Wig and Gown ' (1874) ; at the Gaiety : Duke Anatole in Reece and Lecocq's ' Island of Bachelors ' (1875), and Charles in Byron's 'Oil and Vinegar' (1875); at the Globe: Dr. Dowmvard in Wilkie Collins's 'Miss Gwilt' (1876); at the Haymarket: Chapuis in Tom Taylor's 'Anne Boleyn' (1876); at the Prince of Wales's : Sir Woodbine Grafton in ' Peril ' (1876), the Rev. Noel Haygarth in ' The Vicarage ' (1877), and Baron Stein in ' Diplomacy ' (1878) ; at the Haymarket : John Stratford in 'Odette' (1882); at the Court : Lord Dawlish in ' Picking up the Pieces ' (1882), the Hon. P. Chivers in ' Com- rades ' (1882), Connor Hcnnessy in ' The Rector' (1883), Mr. Guyon in 'The Mil- 11 CEDRIC THE SAXON CELESTE lionaire ' (1883), Lord Henry Tober in ' The Opal Ring ' (1SS5), Mr. Pcsket in ' The ^Magis- trate '(1885), the Hon. Vere Queckett in ' The Schoolmistress ' (1836), Blore in ' Dandy Dick ' (1887), and Miles Henniker in ' Mamma ' (1888); at the Comedy: Pickiclck in Bur- nand and Solomon's operetta (1889) ; at the Court : Berkeley Brue in ' Aunt Jack' (1889), Sir Julian Twombley in ' The Cabinet Min- ister' (1890), the Duke of Donoway in 'The Volcano ' (1891), and Stuart Crosse in ' The Late Lamented' (1891); at the Avenue: Lord Burnham in 'The Crusaders' (1891); at the Court : Sir James Bramston in ' The Guardsman ' (1892), and Lord Arthur Nugent in ' Vanity Fair' (1895). He was also seen in London as Dr. Cains in ' The Merry Wives of Windsor' (Gaiety, 1874), Sir Harcourt Courtly (Gaiety, 1876), Sam Gerridge (Prince of Wales's, 1879), Graves in 'Money,' and Beau Farintosh (Haymarket, 1880), Lord Ptarmijant in 'Society,' and Desmarets in "Plot and Passion' '(Haymarket, 1881), Prince Perovsky in ' Ours ' (Haymarket, 1882), and Theodore Bramhle in ' the 3Ian that Hesitates ' (St. George's Hall, 18S8). Cedric the Saxon figures in all the adaptations and burlesques of Scott's 'Ivan- hoe ' iq.v.). Celadon. A character in Dryden's 'Secret Love' {q.v.). Celadon and Florimel; or, The Happy Coxinterfeit. See Comical LovKRS, The. Celania. A character in Dave.nant's • Rivals ' (r/. I-.). Celebrated Case (A). See Proof. Celeste, Celine [Mrs. Elliott]. Actress and dancer, born in Paris, August, 1814 ; died February, 1S82 ; made her professional debut, as a child, in her birthplace, ^vhere she remained a popular "juvenile " until, in 1S27, she went to America with a troupe of French dancers. In 1S2S she married an American named Elliott, from whom she ultimately separated, and who died in 1840. In 1830 Madame Celeste (as she now an- nounced herself) made her first appearance in England at Liverpool as Fenella in ' Masaniello,' her London debut being made later in the year at Drury Lane in the ballet of 'La Bayadere.' Thence she went in 1831 to the' Queen's Theatre, Tottenham Street, where she was seen in ' The French Spy ' and ' The Arab Boy ; ' and next to the Adelphi, where she was the original Narra- onattah and Hope GoughO) in ' The Wept of the Wish-Ton- Wish ' {q.v.}. After this came engagements at the Surrey, Coburg, and New Strand Theatres, and "(in 1832) on the Continent. In 1833 she figured at Drury Lane and Covent Garden in such pieces as ' The 3Iaid of Cashmere,' ' Prince La Boo,' and ' The Revolt of the Harem.' From October, 1834, to July, 1S37, she was acting in the United States. Her English rentree was made in October, 1837, at Drury Lane as Maurice in ' The Child of the Wreck ' (q.v.), a performance followed by that of "the Indian Girl" in the play so name' (q.v.). At the Adelphi in the same year sh was the original Victoire in the drama s named, and at the same house in 1S38(', the original Madeline in ' St. Mary's Eve (q.v.). This latter is said to have been he first speaking part, all her previous impe; sonations (owing to her inability to spea English) having been in dumb-show. Froi the autumn of 1838 to the spring of 184 Madame Celeste was again in the State; In May of the last-named year, at the Haj market, she was the original Marie Ducanc in the play so named, appearing later i ' Foreign Affairs ' (q.v.) and ' The Quadroo Slave' (q.v.). After yet another visit t America in 1842, she appeared at the Haj market, late in that year, in ' The Bastilk (q.v.), and early in 1843 in 'Louison' (q.v and 'Victor arid Hortense' (q.v.). A tift visit to the States in 1843 was succeeded t her assumption, in September, 1844, of tl management of the Adelphi, of which Bei jamin Webster was the lessee. With th theatre she remained associated as directre; and " leading lady " until the spring of 185 During this period of her career, she wj. the first representative of the foUowir (and other) characters -.—Miami in ' Gree Bushes ' (1845), Cynthia in ' The Flowers > the Forest' (1847), Ariel in ' The Enchantc Island' (1848), Jessie Gray in the play s named (1850), Madeleine in ' Belphego (1851), Cas.<>y in ' Slave Life' (1S52), Genevih in the plavso named (1853), Unarita in 'Tl Thirst of Gold ' (1853), Ruth Ravensear : ' Two Loves and a Life ' (1854), Mdlle. Mar in ' The Marble Heart ' (1854), Janet Pru in the play so named (1855), Margaret Eai mann in 'Helping Hands' (1855), the Cou tess and Lisette in ' Like and Unlike ' (1S5( and Marie Leroux in ' The Poor StroUer (1858). [Madame Celeste's performances the Adelphi were inteiTupted by a visit Amercia in 1851, when she appeared the for the first time as Miami. In 1853 Webst joined her in the management of the Adelpl and in the same year she followed Mi Stirling in the r6le of Peg Woffington 'Masks and Faces' (q.v.). In 1855 shew seen there as Elmire in 'Tartuffe' (q.v. From the Adelphi Madame Celeste went( 1859) to the Lyceum, where she appeared { January) as Marion de Lorme in the play named "(g. I'.). In November she becar directress of the theatre, her first producti. being ' Paris and Pleasure ' (q.v.). In IS: she was the original Madame Dufarge ' A Tale of Two Cities,' and the Abb^ Vo' dreuil (q.v.) and Adrienne (q.v.) in t plays so named. To 1861 belong her Za bardo and Ernest de la Garde in ' The Hoi on the Bridge of Notre Dame ' (q-v.). Ail this came tours in the provinces, on t Continent, and in America, to which s bade a final farewell in September, 1865, Rudiga in ' The Woman in Red ' (q.v.). so-called farewell of London audiences to place at the St. James's Theatre in 18(. but in 1869 she figured at the Princess's the first Josephine Dubosc in ' Presumpt Evidence ; ' she made appearances at t CELESTIALS CENT PER CENT \delphi in 1870, 1872, and 1873, and her actual leave-taking (at that theatre) did not occur till October, 1S74. She was last seen on the stage (as Miami) at a performance o-iven at Drury Lane on May 15, 1878, for the benefit of Mrs. Alfred Mellon. See the <4entleman's Magazine, (article by W J. Lawrence) ; Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' (1880) ; and H. Morley's ' London Playgoer' (1866). Celestials (The) ; or, The Flowery Land. An Anglo-Chinese musical play, libretto by Charles Harrie Abbott (with additional lyrics by John W. Houghton), 'music by F. Osmond Carr ; first performed 'at Her Majesty's Opera House, Blackpool, August 1, 1898. Celestin. The organist and composer in 'Mam'zelle Nitouche' iq.v.). Celestina. See Calisto and Melibea ; also, Spanish Bawd. Celia. (1) Daughter of Duke Frederick in ' As You Like It ' {q.v.). (2) A character in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Humorous (Lieutenant' (g.v). (3) A character in CiB- IBER'S 'Double Gallant.' (4) A young girl ■in Whitehead's ' School for Lovers ' iq.v.). " Celia, that I once was blest." Song in Drydkn's 'Amphitryon,' act iii. sc. 1. Celia, the Gipsy Grirl. An opera in three acts, libretto l)y Elliott Galer, music by J. E. Mallandaine, Opera House, Leicester, October 20, 1879. Celinda. The heroine of Cherry's ' Travellers ' iq-v.). Celisia, Mrs. Author of ' Almida,' a tragedy (1771). Cell 201. A play by Charles Foster, performed in L^.S.A. Celli, Frank H. Vocalist and actor; imade his theatrical debut at the Marylebone JTheatre as Mat o' the Mint in ' The Beggar's [Opera,' followed by other parts in ballad jopera. After some provincial experience jboth on the stage and on the concert plat- form, he was engaged by J. H. Mapleson to !sing in Italian opera in the provinces, at •Covent Garden, and at Drury Lane, taking Ifluch roles as Von Giovanni, St. Br is (' Hu- Jguenots'), the Duke in ' Lucrezia Borgia,' iand Valentine in 'Faust.' Next came en- gagements in France and Italy, after which he joined the original Carl Rosa company, with whom he appeared as Peter the Great in 'L'Etoile du Nord,' Mephistopheles in 'Faust,' Count Arnheim in ' The Bohemian Girl,' Don Josh in ' Maritana,' etc. Of late years he has been, in London, the original Bellamy in ' The Dragoons ' (1879), Narcisse in 'Les Mousquetaires' (ISSO), Armand in 'La Belle Normande' (1881), Bernadille in i'La Boulang^re' (1881), Claude Duval in [Solomon's opera so named (ISSl), and 'Montosol in ' Our Diva' (1SS6). F. H. Celli ■»s part-author, with Brian Daly, of the play called ' Stirring Times ' {q.v.). Cellide, in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Monsieur Thomas,' is in love with, and beloved by, Francisco. Cellier, Alfred. Musical composer and orchestral director ; horn at Hackney in De- cember, 1844 ; died December, 1891 ; after experience as a choir-boy at the Chapel Roval, was organist successively at Black- heath (1862),Belfast, and St. Alban's,Holborn (1868). He acted afterwards as orchestral director at the Prince's Theatre, ^Manchester (1872-6), and at the Op^ra Comique Theatre, London (1877-lSSO), subsequently fulfilling a simUar engagement at Melbourne, Aus- tralia. He wrote the music for the follow- ing stage pieces : — ' Charity begins at Home ' (1872), ' Dora's Dream ' (1873), ' The Sultan of Mocha ' (1874), ' The Tower of London ' (1875), 'Elfinella' (1875), 'Nell Gwvnne' (1876), ' The Spectre Knight ' (1878), ' Bella- donna' (1878), 'After All' (1879), 'In the Sulks' (1880), ' Dorothy ' [in which much of the score of ' Nell Gwynne ' was utilized] (1886), ' The Carp ' (1886), ' Doris ' [in which a good deal of the score of 'The Tower of London' reappeared] (1889), and 'The Mountebanks' (1892). He was also asso- ciated with his brother Francois iq.v.) in providing the music for 'Mrs. Jarramie's Genie ' (1888). Cellier, FranQois. Musical director and composer ; has written the music for ' Captain Billy ' (1891), ' Old Sarah ' (1897), and other dramatic pieces. Cenci (The). A play in five acts, by Percy Bysshe Shelley, performed under the auspices of the Shelley Society at the Grand Theatre, London, on May 7, 1886, with Miss Alma Murray as Beatrice, Miss Maud Brennan as the Countess Cenci, Her- mann Vezin as Count Cenci, L. S. Outram as Orsino, W. Farren, jun., as Cardinal Camillo, and other parts by Ben Greet, Mark Ambient, R. de Cordova, G. R. Foss, W. R. Staveley, Cecil Ramsey, Cecil Crofton, etc. ' The Cenci ' has been translated into French by yi. Felix Rabbe, and performed at the Paris Theatre d'Art. Cenocephali (The). "The historye of the Cenofallas, showen at Hampton Court on Candlemas-day at night, enacted by the Lord Chamberleyn his men " (1576-7). Census (The). A farce in one act, by W. Brough iq.v.) and A. Halliday (q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 15, 1861, with J. T. Toole as Mr. Peter Familias, R. Romer as Taturs (a gardener), C. J. Smith as G. Woa (a cabman), Miss E. Thome as Miss Rose Ma- genta, Miss K. Kelly as Jenny Mobcap, and Mrs. Chatterley as Mrs. Perkysites (house- keeper). Census, Mr. Jeremy. A character in Shirley Brooks's ' Anything for a Change ' iq.v.). Cent per Cent. A farce, first per- formed at Covent Garden in May, 1823, with W. Farren as Penny farthing (a usurer), and CENT YIERGES 268 CHAIN OF EVENTS Blancharil. Meadows, Mrs. Davenport, etc., in other parts. Cent Vierg-es (Les). An opera-bouffe in three acts (music by Lecocq), performed, with English libretto by John Grantham, at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, October, 1874, with the librettist as Pourladot, and other parts by G. Loredan, Mark Kinghorne, Miss Augusta Thomson, etc. Centlivre, Susanna [nee Freeman]. Playwright and actress, born 1667, died 1723 ; married, en stcondes noces, an officer named Carroll, and it was under that name (after his death) that she published her earlier dramatic efforts. " Such an attach- ment she seems to have had to the theatre, that," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' "she even became herself a performer, though it is probable of no great merit, as she never rose above the station of a country actress." It was in 1706, while playing at Windsor, that she met Joseph Centlivre, principal cook to the Queen, whom she married shortly after. The following is a list of her plavs :— ' The Perjured Husband' (1700), ' The Beau's Duel ' (1702), ' The Stolen Heiress' (1703), ' Love's Contrivance' (1703), ♦The Gamester' (1705), 'The Basset-Table' (1706), 'Love at a Venture' (1706), 'The Platonic Ladv' (1707), 'The Busybody' (1709), 'The Man's Bewitched' (1710), 'A Bickerstaff's Burying' (1710), 'Marplot in Lisbon' (1711\ 'The Perplexed Lovers' (1712), 'The Wonder' (1714), 'The Gotham Election ' (1715), ' The Wife Well Managed ' (1715), 'The Cruel Gift' (1717), 'A Bold Stroke for a Wife' (1718), 'The Artifice' (1722). Her dramatic pieces were collected and published in 1761. " Their authoress," writes A. W. Ward, " needed no indulgence as a playwright on the score of her sex, for not one among the dramatists contemporary with her better understood the construction of light comic actions, or the use of those conventional figures of comedy which irre-^ sistibly appeal to the mirthful instincts of a popular audience. . . . She never flattered nerself, as she confesses, ' that anything she was capable of doing could'support the stage.' In one instance, however [Marplot in 'The Busybody '], she virtually invented a person- age of really novel humour ; and in another [Don Felix in ' The Wonder'] she devised a character to which the genius of a great actor ensured a long-enduring life on the boards" ('English Dramatic Literature' 1899). Central Park. A play by Les per Wallack (q.v.), first performed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in li;61 ; revived in November, 1862. Cephania, in Dimond's '^thiop,' is the wife of Almschid (masquerading as the .^thiop). Cepheus. King of Ethiopia in W. Brough's 'Perseus and Andromeda' {q.v.). Cephisa. The heroine of O'Hara's •April Day' (g.f.). Cerberus. (I) " Head porter" ii Planche and Dance's ' Olympic Devils iq.v.). (2) One of Satan's " nephews " in E. Stirling's 'Devil's Daughters' {q.v.). Ceres figures in ' Diogenes and his Lantern' {qv.). Cerimon. A physician of Ephesus, it Shakespeare's ' Pericles ' {q.v.). Cerise and Co. A farcical comedy ir three acts, by Mrs. Musgrave, performec at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London on April 17, 1890. Cerisette. The name of characters iij Watts Phillips's 'Dead Heart ' (g.v.) anc Genee's ' Naval Cadets ' {q.v.). Cervantes. See C.4.rdenio ; Coxcomb. The ; Don Quixote ; Knight of the- Burning Pestle, The; Scornful Lady. The. " Cervantes revels and sports."- Farquhar, 'The Twins' {q.v.)— "Although he writ in a jail" Cesarine. An English version, by ALlCl; Kauser, of Dumas fiW ' La Femrae d.; Claude,' first perforrned at the Gardei' Theatre, New York, :March 24, 1896, b; Mrs. Minnie Maddern Fiske and company. ■ Cespedes, Gonzalo de. See Maii; of the Mill, The; Spanish Curate- The. ; Cevennes, Marquis de. A foolisl. fop in ToJi T.a'LOR's ' Plot and Passion {q.v.). Cliabot (Philip), Admiral o France. A tragedy by George Chap MAN and James Shirley, acted at Drur, Lane, and printed in 1639. "It seem, probable," says Genest, " that the first tw. acts were written by Chapman, and th others by Shirley." "The'plot is concerns with the endeavours of the Admiral' enemies to disgrace him in the eyes of th King (Francis I.). In this they succeed fo a time. Ultimately, the Admiral is restore to favour, " but his sense of the King unkindness sinks so deep into his mind tha^ he dies of a broken heart." Chace (The). A pastoral opera, writte in rhyme, and published in 1772. Chadband, the canting minister i- 'Bleak Huuse ' {q.v.), figures in all drams' tizations of that story. Chag-rin. A character in Oulton'S ' A in Good Humour' {qv.). Chain of Events (A). A dramati storv in eight acts, by G. H. Lewes {q.v and C. J. Mathews {q.v.), adapted from ' L Dame de la Halle' of A. Bourgeois and \ ]\Iasson (Ambigu, Paris, February, 1852), an first performed at the Lyceum Theatri London, on April 12, 1852, with a cast ii eluding C. J. Mathews, F. Matthews, I' Roxby, Mdme. Vestris, Miss Laura Keem Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss Julia St. Georg.: Mrs. Macnamara, Miss M. Oliver, etc. Th. CHAIN OF GUILT 269 CHAMPAGNE piece "was not successful, proving, as nouglas Jerrold said of it, 'a door-chain, :o keep people out of the house ! ' " (Edmund Vates). See Foundlings and Queen of iHE Market. Chain of Guilt (The). A melodrama, performed in New York in 1841. Chaine, TJne. See Silken Fetters md Breach of Promise of Marriage. Chained to the Oar. A drama in four icts, by Henry J. Byron (q.v.), first per- 'ormed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liiverpool. June 16, 1873, with a cast includ- ng J. Billington, Mrs. Billington, Miss Liouisa Willes, H. J. Ashley, etc., and pro- luced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on Way 31, 1883, with J. Billington and Mrs. 5illington in their original parts, and other vleshy J. Maclean, Fuller Mellish, G. Shel- ,on. Miss L. Villiers, Miss E. Meyrick, Miss i. Coveney, Miss F. Farr, and Miss Gerard. Chains of the Heart ; or, The Slave jy Choice. A comic opera in three acts, ivords by Prince Hoare, music by Maz- fingM and Reeve, first performed at Covent Jarden in December, ISOl. Chalcot, Hug-h. The ' ' eminent brewer " a T. W. Robertson's ' Ours' (q.v.). Chalet (Le). See Swiss Cottage, The. Chalk. An innkeeper in Fitzball's The Momentous Question' iq.v.). Chalks, Walker. The milkman in The Area Belle' (q.v.). Challeng-e (The). An adaptation of Le Pre aux Clercs,' English libretto by 11. 1. Milner, and music arranged by T. Cooke, reduced at Covent Garden, April 1, 1834. Challenge at Tilt at a Marriage A.). A masque l^y Ben Jonson, printed in 640. The marriage was that of Somerset nd Lady Essex. Challenge for Beauty. A tragic omedy by THOMAS Heywood {q.v.), acted 1 Black Fryars and the Globe, and printed ;i 1636. The challenge is that instituted by sabella, Queen of Portugal, who has an lordinate appreciation of her own personal harms. She dares Bonavida, one of her )rcls, to find her rival in beauty, and he i.scovers the prodigy in the person of lellena, an English lady. Challice, Colonel. The blind father 1 Merivale's ' Alone ' (q.v.). Chalmers, Alexander, miscellaneous sriter, born L759, died 1834, produced a jCTlossary to Shakespeare ' (1797) and an lilition of Shakespeare, with a memoir 809 and 1823). Chamber of Horrors (The). A farce y Arthur Wood, performed at the Hol- orn Theatre, London, on April 18, 1870. Chamberlain, Robert. Miscellaneous viter, born 1670 ; author of a comedy called The Swaggering Damsel,' published in 1640. See Wood's * Athena; Oxonienses ' and W. C. Hazlitt's 'Handbook to Earlv English Literature.' Chamberlayne, William. Physician, soldier, and playwright, born 1619, died 1689; author of 'Love's Victory' (q.v.), a tragi- comedy, printed in 165S. See Wits led by THE Nose. Chambermaid (The). See Village Opera, The. Chambers, Charles Haddon. Dra- matic writer, born at Stanmore, Svdnev N.S. W., in 1859 ; author of ' One of Them ' (1886), 'The Open Gate' (1887), 'Captain' Swift ' (1888). ' The Idler ' (1890). ' Love and War' (1891), 'The Honourable Herbert' (1891). ' The Collaborators ' (1892), ' I'he Old Lady ' (1892), ' The Pipe of Peace ' (1892). ' John k Dreams ' (1894), ' The Tyranny of Tears ' (1899), ' The Awakening ' (1901), and 'The Golden Silence' (1903); part-author, with Stanley Little, of 'Devil Caresfoot' (1887), with Outran! Tristram, of 'The Queen of Manoa' (1892), with B. C. Ste- phenson, of 'The Fatal Card' (1894), and, with J. Comyns Carr, of ' Boys Together ' (1896) and 'In the Days of the Duke' (1897). Chambers, Emma. Actress and vocalist ; was in the original casts of Bur- nand's 'Poll and My Partner Joe' (Harry JIali/ard) (1871), Conway Edwardos' 'Anne Boloyn'(i'«rZ Percy) (1872), II. J. Byron's 'Sour Grapes '(ri"%) (1873), Recce's 'Riche- lieu Redressed ' (De Mauprat) (1873), Clay's 'Don Quixote' (1876), 'The Little Duke' (The Canoness) (1878), 'Venice' (1879), 'La Petite Mademoiselle' (Jacqueline) (1879), •Rothomago' (1879), ' Billee Taylor' (^ra- bella Lane) (1880), etc. She wa.s also seen in London as Serpolette in ' Les Cloches de Corneville' (1878) and Retina in ' The Prin- cess of Trebizonde' (1879). Chambers, Miss, wrote a comedy called ' The School for Friends/ published in 1805. Chambre a deux Lits (Le). See Box and Cox ; Double-Bedded Eoo.m, The. Chameleon (The). A farce, performed in New York in 1837, with George Jamieson as the representative of five characters. Chamont. (I) Friend to Gasper in JoNSON's 'Case is Altered' (q.v.). (2) Brother of Monimia in Otway'S ' Orphan ' (q.v.). Champag-ne, a Question of Phiz. A burlesque by H. B. Farnie (q.v.) and Robert Reece (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on September, 27, 1877, with H. Cox as Clicquot (Count of Champagne), W. S. Penley as Itum-ti-tum (family minstrel and general servant), C. Marius as Le Chevalier de la Mayonnaise, Mdlle. Camille Clermont as Mousseline (Countess Clicquot), Sldlle. Camille Dubois as Vanilla (the Countess's page), Miss Lottie tl CHAMPAGNE 270 CHANGE MAKES CHANGE Venue as Bobinette (the Countess's maid), etc. Champagrne. A servant in F. Phillips's ' Bird in the Hand' (^.i".). Cliampag:ne and Oysters. See Kneisel, Rudolph. Cliainpernel. Husband of Lamira in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Little French Lawyer' {q.v.). Champfleuri, Mdlle. An actress, in Selby's 'Paris and Pleasure' (g.v.), who tigures successively as Satan, a farm-girl, a commissary of police, a lady of fortune, a commission agent, a gentleman about town, and a peasant. Ch.ampig-nolinalg're Lui. See Other Fellow, The. Champneys. The name of a family in H. J. Byron's ' Our Boys ' (q.v.), including Sir Geoffrey, his sister Clarissa, and his sou Talbot. Chance. A drama in three acts, by Chas. Osborne, Theatre Royal, Belfast, October 4, 1869.—' Chance, the Idiot : ' a drama by Edwin Reynolds, Theatre Royal, Longton, December 5, 1872. Chance Acquaintance (A). A com- medietta in one act, by W. H. Denny, first performed at Richmond on June 28, 1S94. Chances (The). A comedy by John Fletcher, founded on one of Cervantes' 'Novelas Exemplares,' and first printed in 1647. Adapted by George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, it Avas revived at the Theatre Royal in 1667, with much ap- plause (Langbaine), Hart being the Don John (Downes). "The first three acts of the original are excellent, but the last two are inferior. The Duke, by extending the small pai'ts of the ind Constantia and her mother, has added two acts quite equal to the first three " (Genest). Buckingham's version was printed in 1682. A farce taken from ' The Chances ' and called ' The Landlady,' was printed in 1672. The play was revived at Drury Lane in 1708, with Willis as Don John, Mills as Don Frederick, Mrs. Bradshaw as the 1st Constantia, and Mrs. Oldfield as the ^nd Constantia ; in 1739 with Giff ard as Don John, and Mrs. Giffard and Mrs. Clive as the 1st and 2nd Constantia; in 1754, with alterations by Garrick, who played Don John to the Don Frederick of Palmer, the Antonio of Yates, the 1st Constantia of Mrs. ^Macklin, the 2nd Constantia of ]Mrs. Cibber, the Mother-in-law of INIrs. Clive, and the Landlady of ^Nlrs. Macklin ; and in 1773 with Garrick as before and Mrs. Abington as the 2nd Constantia. The last recorded revival of the piece took place at Drury Lane in 1808. Reynolds in 1821 founded on ' The Chances ' a comic opera entitled 'Don John' iq.v.), "The situation of the two friends [Don John and Don Frederick], of whom the one becomes in all innocence the tinder of an unprotected lady, and the other of an un- protected infant, is extremely telling ; and the solution of the difficulty is contrive naturally and easily " (A. W. Ward). Chances and Chang-es. A play pei formed in U.S.A., with Mitchell in a pVom: nent part. See Changes and Chances. Chancit. A character in G. H. Lewe; ' Stay at Home.' Chandos; or, The Jester wh turned Traitor. A drama in five act: adapted from Ouida's ' Chandos ' by HaRj BURY Brooklyn, and produced at th Adelphi Theatre, London, September 3< 18S2. Chanfrau, Francis S. Actor, boi in New York, 1824 ; died Jersey Cit- N. J., October, 1884 ; began life as a shij carpenter in the Far West, afterwards joii ing a troupe of amateur actors in New Yor! His first appearance on the regular staj was as a " super " at the Bowery, where 1 became, in time, very popular, especially ; a mimic— a popularity which he afterwarc extended at Mitchell's Olympic Theatre (e pecially as Jeremiah Clip in ' The Widow Victim'). His most notable assumptic. was that of Mose in 'A Glance at Ne York' iq.v.) — a perfonnance, says J. I Ireland, "which carried him as a sti triumphantly through every theatrical to^^' in tlie Union. His portraiture was perfe in every particular, and the character inseparably identified with him" ('Ne York Stage '), In 1865 he appeared in Ne York as Sam in De Walden's comedy. Chanfrau, Mrs. F. S. [Henriet Baker]. American actress, born 1842 ; ma ried in 1858 to F. S. Chanfrau {q.v.)\ was tJ. original representative in America of Esth' Eccles (' Caste'), J/rt»/ Edwards ('Ticket-d ; Leave Man '), Dora (in Charles Readc; J play), Miss Multon, etc. She played Opheh during the hundred nights' run of ' Hamle at Booth's Theatre, New York, and has be "leading lady" at Daly's Theatre, N( York, and at the Globe Theatre, Bost^ (under Fechter). She made her first a^ pearance in England at the Grand Theati' Islington, on February 15, 1886, in C. M Tayleure's 'Wife or Widow.' \ Chang". He-Sing's secretary in 'T' Mandarin's Daughter' {q.v.). Changre Alley. A play in five acts, Louis N. Parker and Murray Carsc; first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, N" York, September 6, 1897, with E. H. Sothc and :Miss Virginia Harned in the princij parts; produced at the Garrick Theati' London, in April. 1899, with a cast inch ing Fred Terry, Murray Carson, J. Billii ton, J. H. Barnes, Eric Lewis, J. AVel( Miss Julia Neilson, Miss Hall Caine. Changre for a Sovereigrn. A farce Horace Wigan {q.v.), performed at t Strand Theatre, London, in March, 1861. Changre makes Changre. A come by Epes Sargent, first performed at Nibl CJarden, New York, on October 6, 1845, 1 CHANGE OF AIR 271 chap:man the Placides, Chippendale, Mrs. Mowatt, Mrs. Walcot, etc. Chang-e of Air. An operetta by Edgar Manning and Von Leson, Assembly Rooms, Cheltenham, October 24, 1878.—' Change of Fortune is the Lot of Life : ' a comedy-drama by Mdlle. de Latour, Theatre Royal, Bath, November 10, 1874.—' Change of Name : ' a farce by Arthur Moore, Sadler's "Wells, September 14, 1867. Change of Crowns, A play by Edward Howard, performed at the The- itre Royal in April, 1667. Pepys, who .-aw t represented, says, "Lacy acted a country gentleman, who abused the Court Avith all maginable Avit and plainness, about selling )f places and doing everything for money. The play took very well, but the King was ery angry, and Lacy was committed to the ;>orter's Lodge" ("a sort of prison," says jenest). Chang-e of System (A). A " petite ;oinedy" in one act, by Howard Paxl(7.i'.), lirst performed at St. James's Theatre, Lon- don, on April 9, 1860, with F. Robinson as [jir Charles Hippie, Belford, Miss Murray, tc. Chang-e Partners. A musical farce lerformed at Drury Lane in March, 1825. Changed Heart (The). A play, iiunded on a drama called ' La Comtesse de xoailles,' and first performed at the Surrey 'heatre in January, 1860. Changeling- (The). A tragedy by 'HOMAS MiDDLETON (q.v.), acted before the ourt at Whitehall in January, 1623-4, and evived in January, 1661. "It takes ex- leedingly," wrote Pepys in the last-named iear. It was printed in 1653. "The prin- (ipal foundation of the plot may be found ii the story of Alsemero and Beatrice oanna, in Reynolds's 'God's Revenge gainst Murder,' bk. i. ch. viii." ('Bio- li-aphia Dramatica '). The title of the play |as, however, no reference to its main in- Srest. The " changeling " (or idiot) is one ntonio, who pretends to be imbecile in rder to gain access to the wife of a mad- octor (Aiibius). See De Flores. Changes (The) ; or, Love in a Maze. •. comedy by James Shirley (q.v.), acted at ilisbury Court, and printed in 1632. The tie has reference to the complicated love- fairs of three young couples— Chry sol ina, urelia, and Eugenia, Gerard, Thornay, and omjrave. The last-named loves Eugenia, it resigns her to Thornay, whom she loves, id in the end marries Chrysolina. The (lecewas revived at the King's Theatre in i62, when Pepys wrote in his Diary : " The :lay hath little in it but Lacy's part of a puntry fellow, which he did to admiration." '• was played at the Theatre Royal in May, >67, with AVintershall as Sir Gervase Simple Id Lacy as the Cloicn. " This play," says ingbaine, " has been received with success our time. Lacy acted Jonny Thump, '• Gervase Simple's man, with general applause." (2) ' Changes : ' a drama in three acts by H. Procter, St. George's, October 12, 1876. (.3) ' Changes : ' a comedy in three acts, by J. Aylmer, Toole's Theatre, Lon- don, April 25, 1890. Changes and Chances. A drama in two acts. Avenue Theatre, London, March 2, 1891. See Chances and Changes. Channel, Captain and Clarissa. Father and daughter in D. Jerrold's ' Pri- soner of War' (q.v.). Chanticlero. A general in Coyne and Talfourd's ' Leo the Terrible' (^. v.). Chaos is Come Again. A farce pro- duced at Covent Garden Theatre in Novem- ber, 1838, with Hartley as Colonel Chaos ; performed in New York in 1839. See ' Othello," act iii. so. 3. Chapeau de PaiUe d'ltalie (Le). See Leghorn Bonnet, The ; and Wedding March, The. Chapeau d'nn Horloger (Le). See Betty Martin and Clockmaker's Hat. Chapelon. "The Postilion " in G. Ab- bott A Beckett's opera of that name (q.v.). Chaplain of the Regiment (The). A play performed at the Vauxhall Garden, New York, in June, 1S4G. Chaplet (The). A musical piece by Mendez, first performed at Drury Lane in December, 1749, witli Mrs. Clive as Pastora and Beard as Damon. Chaplin, Ellen. See Fitzwilliam, ]\Irs. Edward. Chapman, Ella. Actress, vocalist, and banjo-player; granddaughter of Mrs. Drake iq.v.); had had much professional experience in the United States before she made her English debut in ' Blue Beard' at the Folly Theatre, London, in 1876. She was afterwards in the first casts of ' Oxygen ' (1877), • Pluto • Royalty, (ISSl), ' Stage-Dora ' (Toole's, 1883), etc., playing in pantomime at the Grand, Ishngton, in 1S87-S, and at Her Majesty's Theatre in 1889-30. Chapman, G-eorge. Dramatist and poet ; born (Wood says) in 1557, more pro- bably in 1558-9, near Hitchin, in Hertford- shire ; died May, 1634 ; student at Trinity College, Oxford (1574-6), and thought to have afterwards passed some years in Ger- many. Unless, as F. G. Fleay suggests, he was the author of 'The Disguises' {q.v.) f 1595), the first of his plays to be performed was apparently ' The Blind Beggar of Alex- andria ' (1596). Certain passages in ' East- ward Hoe' iq.v.), written by "him in con- junction with ilarston and Jonson, having given displeasure to the Scotch party ac Court, he and his collaborators were im- prisoned (1604), but speedily released. Chap- man and Marston were again imprisoned in the following year, with reference to a play of theirs whose name has not been chronicled. Chapman's famous translation of Homer was published between 159S and 1616. Among his patrons were the Prince CHAPMAN 272 CHARITY (Henry) of Wales and the Earl of Somer- set. "His life." says Fleay, "is best read in his dedications" The following is a list of the dramatic %vorks usually ascribed to him, -with the dates of their publication :— ' The Blind Beggar of Alex- andria ' (159S), ' An Humorous Day's Mirth ' (1599), 'All Fools' (1605), 'The Gentleman Usher ' (1606), ' Monsieur d'Olive ' (1606), ' Bussy d'Ambois ' (1607), ' Csesar and Pom- pey' (1607), 'The Conspiracy' and 'The Tragedy' of Byron (160>-), ' May Day ' (1611), * The Widow's Tears ' (1612), ' The Masque of the Middle Temple and Lincoln's Inn' (1613), 'The Revenge of Bussy d'Ambois' (1613), ' Alphonsus, Emperor of Germany ' (1654), and 'Revenge for Honour' (1654). Chapman was part-author of ' Eastward Hoe ' (1605), • The Ball ' (1639), and ' Cha- bot, Admiral of France' (1639). All the above plays are included in Shepherd's edition (isi'4). Chapman is also supposed to have had a hand in the production of 'Fatal Love,' 'The Fountain of New Fashions,' ' Sir Giles Goosecap,' ' The Second Maiden's Tragedy,' ' Two Wise Men and All the Rest Fools,' 'and 'A Yorkshire Gentlewoman and her Son,' all of which see. See ' The Comedies and Tragedies of George Chap- man ' (1S73) ; also, for biography, Wood's ' Athenaj Oxonienses,' Langbaine's ' Dra- matic Poets,' the ' Biograpliia Dramatica,' and the ' Dictionary of National Biography,' and, for criticism, Hazlitfs 'Age of Eliza- beth,' Coleridge's ' Literary Remains,' Lamb's ' Specimens of the Dramatic Poets,' * George Chapman,' by A. C. Swinburne (1875), and ' English Dramatic Literature,' by A. W. Ward (1S99). Swinburne says of Chapman: "As a dramatic poet he has assuredly never yet received his due meed of discerning praise ; but assuredly no man of genius ever did so much, as though by perverse and prepense design, to insure a continuance of neglect and in- justice. . . . With a fair share of comic spirit and invention, remarkable at least in a poet of such a grave and ambitious turn of genius, he has spiced and larded his very comedies with the thick insipid sauce of pedantic declamation. . . . The tragedy of * Chabot,' a noble and dignified poem in the main, and the otherwise lively and interest- ing comedy of ' Monsieur d'CJlive,' are seri- ously impaired by a worse than Jonsonian excess in the analysis and anatomy of 'humours.' . . . Another point of resem- blance to Jonson on the wrong side is the absence or insignificance of feminine in- terest throughout his works. No poet ever showed less love or regard for women, less Ey, printed in 1846. (6) A drama in four acts, by W. G. Wills {q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on Sep- tember 28, 1872, with H. Irving in the title part, :Miss Isabella Bateman as Henrietta Maria, Miss G. Pauncefort as Lady Eleanor Davys, G. Belmore as Oliver Cromwell, B. B. Markby as Ireton, E. F. Edgar as Lord Moray, Addison as the Marquis of Huntley [on the " bill of the play " was the following note:— "The author feels it unnecessary to confess or enumerate certain historical inaccuracies, as to period and place, which have arisen from sheer dramatic necessity, and are justified, he believes, by the highest precedents "] ; at the Standard Theatre,"Lon- don, July, 1874, with H. Irving as Charles I., John Clayton as Cromwell, J. Carter as Huntley, F. Clements as Moray, Beveridge as Ireton, Miss Isabel Bateman as the Queen, Miss G. Pauncefort as Lady Eleanor Davys ; revived at the Lyceum in June, 1879, with H. Irving and Miss Pauncefort in their original parts, H. Forrester as Cromu-ell, Pinero as Lord Hutitly, F. Cooper as Lf^rd, Moray, A. Beaumont as Ireton, and INIiss EUen Terry as the Queen ; produced at the Star Theatre, New York, in October, lSs3, with H. Irving (for the first time in America) in the title part ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre, London, June 28, 1893. (7) A play by C. P. Flockign iq.v.), first performed at Bath on August 4, 1879. Charles II. (of England) has given his name to, and played a leading part in, several dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Charles the Second ; or. The Merry Monarch : ' a comedy in two acts, adapted from ' La Jeunesse de Henri V.' by J. Howard Payne {q.v.\ and first performed at Covent Garden on May 27, 1824, with C. Kemble in the title part, Jones as Rochester, Duruset as Edward (a page), Fawcettas Captain Copp, Mrs. Faucit, and Miss 31. Tree as Clara (adopted daughter of Copp) ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre, Loudon, in 1877, with E. H. Brooke as the King, R. C. Lyons as Rochester, etc. ; at tl Oystal Palace in December, 1881, with \' Herbert as the King, A. Dacre as Rocheste A. Williams as Copp, Miss St. Quentin : Mary, and Miss K. Rorke as Lady Clar (2) 'King Charles the Second:' an oper libretto by Desmond Ryan, music by Sir ( A. Macfarren (q.v.), first performed at tl Princess's Theatre, London, in October 5 1849, with a cast including Miss Louisa Pyn Mdme. Macfarren, Mdme. Weiss, W. Ha rison, Weiss, and H. Corri. (3) ' Charl the Second and Pretty Nell Gwynne ; c Harlequin Oliver Cromwell and the Litt Fairies of the Enchanted Oak : ' a pant mime by Robert Soutar. Victoria Theati London, December 26, 1867. (4) ' Char] II. ; or. Something like History : ' a bx lesque by Gilbert a Beckett, first p« formed at the Court Theatre, London, November 25, 1872, with W. J. Hill as t King, Miss Bella Moore as Rochester, Righton as Cromwell, C. Cooper as Pep-. W. H. Fisher as Lilly (the astrologer), M" L. Duprez as Nell Gwynne, and MdEe. nelie D'Anka as the Queen.— Charles II. al figures in 'Barbers at Court' (q.v.), 'T, Puritan's Daughter' (q.v.), Douglas Ji HOLD'S ' Bride of Ludgate ' (q.v.), Tom T; LOR and Charles Reade's ' King's Eiv (q.v.), Wills'S ' Buckingham ' (q.v.) and ' N Gwynne ' (q.v.), Springate's ' Boscob (q.v)., Hamilton's ' Royal Oak ' (q.v.), Dc SONS 'Two Hundred Years Ago' (q. 'English Neir (q.v.), 'Sweet Nell of ( Drury ' (q.v.), etc. Charles VIII. of France ; or, T Invasion of Naples by the Franc A play by J. Crowne (q.v.), acted at Dot Garden in 1671, with Betterton as the Ki^ and other parts by Harris, Smith, Mt bourne, Sandford, Young, Cademan, y.\ Betrerton, Mrs. Dixon, Mrs. Slaughter, y.t Shadwell. "It is founded on history, ; most of the incidents have the appeara:^ of fiction " (Genest). See Downes' ' Rosc^ —a , Anglicanus ' (1708). The piece was prinl X l in 1672. I ± Charles XII. (of Sweden\ A drrt in two acts, by J. R. Planche (q.v.), in- duced at Drury Lane Theatre, Luudon.'i November 11, 132S,— " Farren," says 's author, "looking and acting the Sweci monarch to perfection, and Liston tal? the house by storm in the characteii Adam Brock. John Harley made an amu:g Muddleu'ick, and Miss Ellen Tree as Ul>,, and Miss Love, with the ballad of 'Tp\ gentle Moon,' composed for her by Jfl Barnett, contributed to secure for the p o a popularity which it enjoys to the pre; t day." The play was revived at the ;. James's in January, 1855 ; at the Haj-ma '-t ^^ in September, 1S63; and at the Hayma ;t ,g^-* in June, 1S77. with H. Howe as Che '■* |c< XII., F. W. Irish as Mxiddleu-ick, W. i'r- J^ greaves as Brock, Harold Kyrle (BeUe'v is De Mervett, Miss ]Marion Terry as Uli, 3Iiss Annie Lafontaine as Eudiga.—Chei XII. is one of the personce in ' The Batt J* Pultawa' (q.v.). U« 8) CHARLES EMMANUEL CHARMED LIFE Charles Emmanuel. Son of King Victor in BROWNING'S ' King Victor and King Charles ' {q.v.). Charles, Pred. Actor ; was in the original casts of ' Extremes ' (1858), ' Friends or Foes ' (1862), ' Nature's above Art ' (1863), ' Bel Demonio ' (1863), ' The King's Butter- fly ' (1864), ' Dr. Dulcamara ' (1866), ' Idalia ' 1867), ' The Double Marriage ' (1867), ' Kenil- Worth ' (1870), ' Amy Robsart ' (1874), ' The Bohemian Gyurl ' (1877), ' The Babes in the Wood' (1877), and ' Youth ' (1881). He was ilso seen in London in ' The Belle's Strata- rem '(1866), ' Richelieu ' (1873), ' The Hunch- oack' (1879), ' Brighton ' (1880), ' Adrienne ' j.882), and ' The Comedy of Errors ' (1883). I Charles O'Malley. This novel by vharles Lever has formed the basis of leveral dramatic pieces :— (1) A drama in hree acts, by Eugenk Macarthy, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, jal838. (2) A drama by Edmund Falconer 7.1;.), produced at the Amphitheatre, Liver- ool, on April 22, 1871. (3) A comedy in bur acts, by Theodore B. Sayres, first erformed at Washington, U.S.A., May 3, S98, with Wilton Lackaye in the leading art. 1 Charles the Bold. A melodrama in liree acts, by S. J. Arnold {q.v.), translated i'om 'Charles le Tt^meraire,' and first per- tirmed at Drury Lane in June, 1815. Charles the Terrible. An historical lay performed in New York in 1830, with ichings in the title part. Charles, Thomas W. Theatrical anager, died 1895 ; began his career as an strumentalist and musical conihictor. He is afterwards acting-manager for Charles ilvert, from whom lie purchased the enery and dresses of ' Sardanapalus ' {q.v.), oducing the play at the Duke's Theatre, mdon. As stage director of the Royalty leatre, London, he produced Clay's 'atarina ' {q.v.) and other musical works. } became lessee and manager succes- ely of the Theatre Royal, Nottingham, 3 Grand (formerly Prince of Wales's), isgow, and the Prince's, Manchester, his iitoraime productions being especially ; Iful and successful. .IJharles T3rrreU ; or, The Bitter ; ood. A play founded on a tale by G. P. • James, and performed at the Bowery eatre, New York, in 1839. Charley's Aunt. A comedy in three fs, by Brandon Thomas, first performed f Bury St. Edmund's on February 29, 1892, Jh W. _S. Penley as Lord Fancourt Bab- ^'iy, Miss Ada Branson as Donna Lucia, -'S Dora de Winton as Kitty, Miss E. Mmore as Ella, H. Crisp as Dr. Pettigue, * ton Heriot as Jack Chesney, E. Lawford ^Okarley; produced at the ^Royalty The- ^!, London, on December 21, 1892, with ^ S. Penley, Miss Branson, and Miss Cud- ^- em their original parts, E. Hendrie as Pettigue, Brandon Thomas as Sir Francis Chesney, P. Lyndal as Jack, and Miss Nina Boucicault as Kitty; transferred to the Globe Theatre, London, on January 30, 1893 [performed there 1460 times] ; acted first in America at Bethlehem, Pa., September 29, 1893 ; first in New York at the Standard Theatre, October 2, 1893. The comedy, translated into French, was acted for several hundred nights at the Cluny Theatre, Paris, in 1898-9. Charlie. A musical comedietta in one act, by Herbert Harraden, Terry's The- atre, London, April 30, 1891. Charlie's Uncle. See Noble Art. Chariot. See Follies of a Night and Frolique. Charlotte, in Ltllo's 'Fatal Curiosity' {q.v.), is in love with young Wilmot. (2) The dumb girl in Fielding's ' INIock Doctor.' (3) Daughter of Sir John Lambert in BlC- KERSTAiF's ' Hypocrite.' (4) The orphan heiress in Macklin's 'Love i\ la Mode' {q.v.). (5) Maid to the Countess in Thomp- son's 'Stranger' {q.v.). Also the name of characters in (1) 'The Gamester' and (2) ' Werter.' Charlotte Corday. This heroine of French history has been the leadins per- sonage in, and has given the title to, several P^nglish plays :— (1) A drama performed at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1803, with IMrs. Johnson as Charlotte, and with Marat, Robespierre, and Marie Antoinette among other personce. (2) A "poetic drama" by James Mortimer {q.v.), produced at the Theatre Royal, Dublin, on December 14, 1876, with Miss Bella Pateman in the title part. (3) A play in four acts, by "J. C. Montesquieu" (Kyrle Bellew) {q.v.), first produced in January, 1894, at the Corinthian Theatre, Calcutta, with the author as Marat and Mrs. Brown Potter as Charlotte; first performed in America in July, 1894, at the Baldwin The- atre, San Francisco ; produced at the Haar- lem Opera House, New York, in February, 1895 ; first performed in England at the Grand, Islington, on December 13, 1897 ; produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on January 21, 1898— in every case with the author and Mrs. Potter in their original parts, and in the last-named instance with Luigi Lablache as Francois de Corday D'Armont, F. Everill as the Abbe Fleurioi, W. T. Lovell as David, Miss B. Macdonald as Hose, etc. Charlotte Russe. A play bv Robert Griffin Morris, performed in U.S.A. in 1887. See Checkmate. Charm (The). A comedietta by Walter Besant {q.v.) and W. H. Pollock {q-v.), first performed at St. George's Hall, London, on July 22, 1884. Charmed Life (A). A drama by J. Whittaker, Theatre Royal, Barrow in- Furness, May 10, 1875. CHARMIAN 276 CHATEAU DE GRANTIER Charmian. Maid to Cleopatra in Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra [q.v.) and Dryden'S ' All for Love ' {q.v.). Charming- Cottage (The). A piece written by Shirley Brooks {q.v.) for the German Reeds' entertainment. Charming-, King-. See KixG Charm- ing. Charming- Mrs. Gaythorne. A comedv in three acts, by Charles Smith Cheltnam, Criterion Theatre, Loudon, April 19, 1894. Charming- Pair (A). A farce in one act, by T. J. Williams (g.r.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on May 27, 1S63, with R. Roxby, Belmore, Mrs. H. Maiston, etc. Charming Polly (The). A drama in two acts, bv J. T. Haines, tirst performed at the Surrey Theatre on June 29, 1S33. Charming- the First. King of the Fan-Sea Isles, in Planche's 'King Charm- ing' (g.r.). Charming- Widow (A). An adapta- tion of Alfred de Musset's 'Un Caprice (n V ) produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in March, 1S54, with Miss Talbot in the title part. Charming- Woman (The). A comedy in three acts, by Horace Wigan (g.r.),^ adapted from Rosier's ' A Trente Ans (Paris Vaudeville, 1S40), and first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on June 20, 1S61, with the author as Symptom (a m'alade imaginaire), G. Cooke as Sir Mv.l- berry Matchem, F. Robinson (and afterwards H Neville) as Alfred Ardent, W. Gordon as Bitterbliss, 3Iiss Amy Sedgwick as J//>-. Bloomly, and Mrs. Stephens as Mrs. Bitter- bliss. Charms. A comedy-drama in four acts, by Sir Charles L. Young (g.r.), first per- formed at the Queen's Theatre, London, on the afternoon of July 26, 1S71, with a cast comprising Lin Rayne, J. Maclean, G. Rig- nold W. Rignold, Miss Marie Henderson, and 'Mrs. C. H. Stephenson ; first played in America at Chicago, U.S.A., in AprU, 18S7. Charmyon. A play in three acts, by Sir Charles Young (q.v.). Charnock, John (1756-1S07). Author of ' Loyalty ; or, Invasion Defeated, an historical tragedy, printed in 1810. Charon, in Planche and Dance's ' Olympic Devils' (q.v-). Charring-ton, Charles. Actor ; has plaved in London the foUowing original parts —Dei-ii Caresfoot in the drana so named (1SS7), Marchcastle in 'The Love Storv' (18SS), Dimmesdale in Alec Nelson's 'Scarlet Letter' (ISSS). Dr. Bank in the English version of ' A Doll's House (1SS9), Anthonv Watt in' Alexandra' (1893), Gerard Douglas in ' Clever Alice ' (1893), the Hang- man in ' The Three Wayfarers ' (1893), th diplomatist in ' Foreign Policy ' (1893), an- Belling in the English version of ' The Wil- Duck' (1897). He has also been seen i London as Sir Charles Mountford in 'i Woman killed with Kindness' (1887 Othello (Vaudeville Theatre, 1SS7), Duvc p'ere in ' Camille ' (188S), Helmer in * A Doll House ' (1892), Sir Horace Welby in ' Forge :Me Not ' (1892), etc. For Nelson's ' Scarl( Letter' (q.v.) he wrote the opening act ( prologue. He has been at various time and for short periods, lessee of the Novelt, Avenue, Royalty, and Terry's Theatr London. Chart, Henry Nye. Actor and th atrical manager, born in London, 1822, dU 1876 ; after some success as an amateu made his professional debut in August, 184 at Sadler's Wells, where he was seen . such parts as Touchstone and Dogberry. . 1850 he went to Brighton Theatre as stag manager, and there, under Henry Farre. played low comedy. In 1854 he succeed- Farren as lessee of the house, and, twel years later, became its proprietor. He i: mediately rebuilt the theatre, opening it October, 1866 [see Brighton (Sussex Among his roles at Brighton were Gla in ' The Ladv of Lvons,' Hassarac in 'Op Sesame' (g.r'). Claude Frollo in ' Esnieralc (q.v.), and Gnatbrain in ' Black-Eyed Susa (g.i-.). In 1867 he married Ellen Elizabe Roliason, an actress of some experien who, after the death of her husband, und took the direction of the theatre, hers dving in 1892.— Henry Nye Chart, son of i. above, and born in 1863, gained his ti' professional experience in 1890 as a mem ; of the Kendal company in U.S.A. appeared in 1892 at the Globe Theat London, in 'Ned's Chum' (q.v.), and 1895 at the Court Theatre m 'Nar' Fair' (q.v.). Chase, Squire, in J. B. BuCKSTO>i ' Luke the Labourer' (q.v.). Chassaig-ne. See Brazilian, The, ; I Nadgy. Chaste Maid in Cheapside (.. A " pleasant conceited" comedy by THO.> Middleton. "often acted at the Swaud the Bankside," and printed in 1630. Yellow HAMMER. Chaste Salute (The). A play H formed at the Park Theatre, New Yor.n^ 1832, and at the Olympic Theatre, Lon.% in October, 1838. Chastelard, the hero of SwaNBUB's poetical play so named (printed ml)/, also figures in W. G. WiLLS's 'Mane Stiu (q.v.) and in Muskerry'S ' Gascon (q.^ Chat- A play adapted by J. A. Fka &. and performed in U.S.A. Chat, Dame, in Still's ' Gan er Gurtons Needle ' (q.v.). Chateau de Grantier (Le). «• Double Marriage, The. CHATEAU DE MA MERE 277 CHEAP EXCURSION Chateau de ma Mere (Le). See Dowager, The. I Chateau du Tilleur (Le). See Mother's Secret, The. Chateau Renaud. A character in The Corsican Brothers' (q.v.) and in all he travesties of that piece. Chateaumarg-aux, Viscount. A 'Parisian butterfly" in Selby's 'Marble leart '(?.!;.)• Chatte metamorphosee en femme La). See Puss. Chatter. A musical comedy adapted rem 'Die Naherrin' of Carl Millocker and acobsohn, and produced at Wallack's The- tre, New York, in August, 1885, with Mdme. Jottrelly as the heroine. Chatterley, Mrs. "W. S. [Louisa imeon]. Actress, born 1797, died 1866; lade her London debut at the Lyceum Theatre in July, 1816, as Harriet in ' Is he realous?' In 1820 she appeared at the [tlympic as Amelia in 'Twelve Precisely' ^.v.). In 1821 she was Jtdia in 'The ilivals ' at the Haymarket, appearing later t Covent Garden as Kate Ilardcastle, Letitia lardy. Lady Teazle, and Edmund in ' The lindBoy.' In 1830 she married, entecondes oces, a Mr. Place, and retired from the ,age, to which, however, she by-and-by ^turned, joining Wigan's company at tlie lympic. She was in the cast of ' Born ith Good Luck' at the Adelphi in 1S5G, id of Morton's 'French Lady's Maid' in !58. See Oxberry's • Dramatic Biography ' 826). Chatterley, "William. Simmonds. ctor, born in London, 17S7 ; died at Lynn, ,;22 ; appeared on the stage as a child both i Drury Lane (1789) and at the King's The- re in the Haymarket (1791). In 1796 he presented at the former house the child . Garrick's 'Isabella' (q.v.), and in 1799 as the original boy in ' Pizarro ' (q.v.). In ,04 he went into the country, appearing Cheltenham, Bath, and elsewhere. In 16 he was at the Lyceum, and he after- irds figured at other London theatres, e married Louisa Simeon in 1814. "He ayed the very old men so well that he ight be said to have been almost another tiller. In Kecksey he was only inferior Dodd, and that at no great distance" enest). See Chatterley, Mrs. Chatterly, Lord, figures in Westland ARSTO.N's ' Patrician's Daughter' (q.v.). Chatterton, Frederick Balsir. leatrical manager, born 1S34, died 18S6 ; iersome experience as an amateur actor, IS in 1857 appointed acting-manager of e Lyceum under Charles Dillon (q.v.). In )9 he became lessee of the St. James's, d in 1866 lessee of Drury Lane Theatre, whose management he had been asso- -ted with Edmund Falconer since 1863. 1871 he added to his responsibilities the management, with Benjamin Webster, of the Adelphi and Princess's Theatres. He was obliged to close Drury Lane in February, 1879, being then in debt to the amount of £36,000. He is credited with the saying that to a theatrical manager " Shakespeare spells ruin, and Byron bankruptcy." Chatterton, Lady Georg-iana, Novelist and miscellaneous writer, died 1876 ; author of ' Oswald of Deira,' a drama, printed in 1867. Chatterton, Thomas. Poet, born at Bristol, 1752 ; died in London, 1770 ; ranks among playwrights as the author of 'The Revenge' (q.v.), a lurletta, performed at Marylebone Gardens shortly after his death. His works include, further, ' -^lla : a tragy- cal enterlude,' and ' Goddwyn,' a fragment of " a tragedy," both of which he attributed to " Thomas Rowleie." See the editions of the works published by Tyrwhitt in 1777, Milles in 1782, Southey and Cottle in 1803, Willcox in 1842, and the Rev. W. W. Skeat in 1871 ; also the biographies of Chatterton bv Gregory (1789), Davis (1806). Britton (1813), Dix (1837), Willcox (1842), INIartin (1865), Wilson (1869), Bell (1871), and Masson (1875). Alfred de Vigny made Chatterton's brief and romantic career the subject of a play; and there have been at least three English dramatic pieces on the same topic : (1) 'Chatterton :' a play in one act, by H. A. Jones (q.v.) and II. Herman (q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on May 22, 1884, with Wilson Barrett in the title part, and G. Barrett, Miss Emmeline Ormsby, Miss Mary Dickens, and ]\Irs. Hunt- ley in the other rdles. (2) 'Tlie Life and Death of Chatterton : ' a play in one act, by George Marsh, Rotunda Theatre. Liverpool, July 31, 1885. (3) 'Chatterton : ' a play in one act, by Ernest Lacy', first performed in New York, at the Broadway Theatre, on the afternoon of March 26, 1897, by a company including Miss Julia Marlowe. See Shattered 'Un. Chaubert ; or, The Misanthrope. A tragedy printed in 1789, and notable as containing a soliloquy three pages long. Chaucer, Geoffrey, the poet, is one of the characters in Gay's ' Wife of liath ' (q.v.) and in E. L. Blanchard's 'Friar Bacon' (g.u.). See Riddle, The. Chaunter. King of the beggars and father of Hunter, in Coffey's ' Beggar's Wedding' (q.v.). Chauzeuil, The Abbe, figures in all the adaptations of ' Adrienne Lecouvreur ' (q.v.). Chaves, A. Author of ' The Cares of Love,' a comedy, published in 1705. Cha-wles. The chief character in H. J. Byron's ' A Fool and his Money' (q.v.). Cheap Excursion (A). A farce in one act, by Edward Stirling, first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, May 19, 1851, by Mrs. Seymour, Maskell, Rogers, J. Reeve, Tilbury, etc. CHEAP JACK CHERRY AND FAIR STAR Cheap Jack; or, Loved and De- ceived. A drama in three acts, by Edward Towers, Pavilion Theatre, London, April 6, 1874. Cheap liiving:. A comedy in five acts, by Frederick Reynolds, first performed at Drury Lane in October, 1797, with Mrs. Jordan as Sir Edward Bloomly. Cheat (The). (1) A pantomime acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1720. (2) A comedy, translated from Plautus, by Richard Warner, and printed in 1772. Cheatly, in Shadwell's 'Squire of Alsatia' {q.v.), is an imprisoned debauchee who finds money for young spendthrifts. Cheats (The). A comedy by John Wilson, written in 1662, and printed in 1664. Cheats of Scapin (The). A farce by Thomas Otway {q.v.), printed in 1G77. ' ' Not much more than a translation of Moli^re's ' Fourberies de Scapin.' " Check. A play by Fred Marsden, per- formed in U.S.A. Checkmate. A comedy in two acts, by Andrew Halliday {q.v.), first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on July 15, 1869, Avith Miss M. Oliver as Charlotte Eusse, F. Dewar as Sir Everton Toffee, Miss C. Saunders as Martha Bun, and E. Dan- vers as Sam Winkle ; revived at the Royalty in 1878, with Lin Rayne as Sir Egerton, C. Groves as Winkle, F. Leslie as Parsley, INIiss R. Roberts as Charlotte, Miss H. Coveney as Martha. (2) ' Checkmate ; or, A Duel in Love : ' an adaptation, in one act, of ' Ba- taille de Dames,' first performed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, Decem- ber 1, 1869, with iNIiss F. Davenport as the Comtesse, Miss Agnes Ethel as L^onie, W. Davidge as Montrichard, D. H. Harkins as Flavigneid, G. Clarke as De Grignon. — ' Checkmated ; or, Wait and Hope : ' a drama in three acts, Theatre Roval, Portsmouth, March 19, 1869. Cheek. A page-boy in Halliday's 'Checkmate' {q.v.). Cheeks. A bailiff in B. Bernard's ' A Life's Trial' (g.r.) Cheerly, Widow. The heroine of Cherry's ' Soldier's Daughter' {q.v.). Chelonice. Wife of Cleomhrotus in Mrs. Cowley's 'Fate of Sparta' {q.v.). Cheltnam, Charles Smith. Dra- matic Avriter, born 1S23 ; author of ' Eden- dale' (1869), 'The Greenwich Pensioner' (1869), 'Grace Holden' (1S69), 'Christmas Eve' (1870), 'The Matchmaker' (1871), 'Charming Mrs. Gaythorne ' (1894), 'De- borah,' ' Dinner for Nothing,' ' Fairy's Father,' ' A Lesson in Love,' ' More Precious than Gold,' ' Mrs. Green's Snng Little Business, ' Slowtop's Engagements,' 'The Lucky Escape ; ' was theatrical critic of the Reader from April, 1863, to the autumn o: 1864. See the ' Era Almanack ' for 1868. Chelsea. A "temperance porter" it Mark Lemon's 'Moving Tale' {q.v.). Chelsea Pensioner (The). (I) A comic opera by Charles Dibdin {q.v.), firs' performed at Covent Garden in May, 1779 (2) A domestic drama by G. Soank {q.v.) produced at the Queen's Theatre, Loudon on October 29, 1835. Cheque on my Banker (A). Sec Wanted a Wife. Cheque-book (The). A play b- Charles F. Coghlan {q.v.), first perfonnet' at Washington, U.S.A., in April, 1892. Chequer. A character in Reynolds' ' Arbitration' (g.r.). Cheribel. See Cherry and Fat; Star. Cherokee (The). A comic opera wrif ten by James Cobb, composed by Storace and first performed at Drury Lane in 1794 revived, with new music by Kelly, at Drur Lane in 1802, under the title of ' Algonab.' Cherries. A comedietta. Gaiety Th( atre, Dublin, February 23, 1875. " Cherries kissing- as they grow. —Beaumont and Fletcher, ' Valentinian (song). Cherry. (1) Daughter of Boniface i Farquhar's 'Beaux' Stratagem' {q.v.). (Ji A character in Paul Merritt's 'Stolej Kisses ' {q.v.). ] Cherry. A play in one act, by J. Jami,' Hewson, Shakespeare Theatre, Liverpoc; July IS, 1895. Cherry and Fair Star. A story 1 the Countess D'Aulnoy has formed tl basis of the following (and other) dn matic pieces : — (1) ' Cherry and Fair Sta or, The Children of Cyprus : ' a mel dramatic romance in two acts, first p( formed at Covent Garden on April 8, 182 with Mrs. Vining and Miss Foote in t title parts, Farley as Sanguinheck (a captair Grimaldi as Tofac (his slave), Blanchard • Hassanbad, Chapman as Giaffier (vizier » Cyprus), Miss Beaumont as Aviarya.. (fairy queen), etc. ; performed in Ni- York in 1825. (2) 'Fair Star; or, T' Singing Apple and the Dancing Waters a burlesque by Albert Smith and Joi; OXENFORD, produced at the Princess's April, 1S44, with Mrs. H. P. Grattan - Cherry ["she wore," says G. A. Sala, tunic made of some extraordinary fab into which spun-glass entered largely (3) ' Harlequin Cherry and Fair Star ; The Green Bird, the Dancing Waters, a the Singing Tree : ' a pantomime by Geor Ellis, performed at the Princess's Theat London, on December 27, 1852, with F. Cof; as Prince Cheribel, Daly as the Princess Fi Star, Terry as Siksiyensamilo (a cabmanX , Saker as Topac-al-Widdi, and Miss K' Terry as Everiweriana (queen of the per,. (4) A burlesque on this subject, by C. . CHERRY CHESTER PLAYS Collins, was produced at the Strand The- itrein June, 1855, with Miss Rebecca Isaacs IS Cherry. (5) A pantomime by E. L. Blan- 3HARD {Q-V.), produced at Sadler's Wells, London, m December. 1861, with Miss Hud- speth as Fair Star. (6) A burlesque by C. H. Eazlewood (g.y.). Britannia Theatre, Lon- ion, April, 1867. (7) A burlesque by Frank vV. Green (Jl-v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, on April 4, 1874, vith Miss Nelly Power as Cherry and J. ?awnas Conrad the Corsair; played at the Mnce's Theatre, Manchester, in May, 1885, ls 'Cheribel,' and produced at the Grand theatre, Islington, in the following month. Cherry, Andrew. Playwright and xtor, born at Limerick, 1762, died 1812 ; was he son of a bookseller, and, after some experience as an amateur (gained while ,pprenticed to a Dublin printer), made his ntr^e as a professional actor, at the age of eventeen, as Colonel Felrjniuell in ' A Bold litroke for a Wife,' at Naas, near Dublin, jiome "strolling" followed; after which iJherry returned for a time to the printing rade, only, however, to recur before long to he stage, serving successively under travel- ing managers named Knipe and Atkins, ater he entered the stock company at jimock Alley, Dublin, whence he went in |791 to the North Eastern circuit in England s a member of Tate Wilkinson's troupe, [e afterwards performed in Ireland (1704), lanchester (1796), and Bath (1798), making is London dibut at Drury Lane Theatre on eptember 25, 1802, as Sir Benjamin Dove \ 'The Brothers' and Lazarillo in 'Two trings to your Bow.' Here he remained 5r several years, afterwards undertaking lanagement in the provinces. The elder harles Mathews wrote of Cherry : " He is Q extremely little man, with a droll face. [is old men are uncommonly rich, and his Duntry boys are the most simple and umorous of any I have seen after Blan- aard ; indeed, in any line of comedy he : a charming actor." The folloMing dra- latic pieces are ascribed to Cherry :— Harlequin on the Stocks' (1793), 'The utcasts' (1796), 'The Soldier's Dausrhter' .804), 'AH for Fame ' (1805), 'The Village' 805), 'The Travellers' (1806), 'Spanish ollars' (1806). 'Peter the Great' (1807), id * A Day in London ' (1807). See Willcin- m's 'Wandering Patentee' (1795), 'The hespian Dictionary' (1805), ' Biographia ramatica ' (1812), Genest's ' English Stage ' 832). Cherry Bounce. A farce in one act, by . J. Raymond {q.v.), first performed at idler's Wells Theatre in 1823, with Keeley i Gregory Homespun. Among the other laracters are two farmers called Gammon id Spinach. Cherry Hall. A play in three acts, by 3RBES Dawson, Avenue Theatre, London, ine 14, 1894. Cherry Pickers (The). A play by )SEPH ARTHUR, first performed at the cademy of Music, Newbury, New York State, June 18, 1896 ; first performed in New York City, Fourteenth Street Theatre, Octo- ber 12, 1896. Cherry Tree Farm. A musical sketch, libretto by Arthur Law, music by Hamilton Clarke, first performed at St. George's Hall, London, May 30, 1881. Cherry Tree Inn (The). See Elfie. Cherubino. See Mariage de Figaro. Chester, Edith. Actress, died 189t ; was the original representative of Lettice in ' Harvest ' (1886), Xa^i in ' Kit Marlowe ' (1892), Lady Orreyd in 'The Second Mrs. Tanqueray ' (1893), etc., and was in the first London cast of ' A Pantomime Rehearsal ' (Terry's Theatre, 1891). Chester, Miss. Actress, born 1799 ; made her dibut at Drury Lane on July 3, 1820, as Portia, followed by Desdemona "and Lady Teazle. At Covent Garden in 1822 she played Mrs. Oakley, Violante, Widow Cheerly, etc. See Oxberry's 'Dramatic Biography ' (1826). Chester, Miss. See Miss Chester, Chester, Philippa. The heroine of Charles Reade's ' Wandering Heir ' {q.v.). Chester Plays (The), tAventy-five in number, were enacted from 1268 to 1577, and again in 1600, on the first three days in Whitsun week, each play being undertaken by one of the twenty-five trade companies of the city. A local proclamation, made in the twenty-fourth year of Henry VIII. '.s. reign, comprises the following account of their origin : "Of old time . . . a play and declaration of divers storyes of the Bible, beginning with the creation and fall of Lucifer, and ending with the generall Judg- ment of the World, . . . was devised and made by one S'' Henry Frances, sometyme monck of this monastrey disolved, who obtayning and got of Clement, then bishop of Rome, a thousand dayes of pardon, and of the bishop of Chester at that time forty days of pardon, graunted from thensforth to every person resorting in peaceable manner with good devotion to heare and see the sayd plays from tyme to tyme, as oft as they shall be played within the sayd citty . . . which playes were devised to the honor of God by John Arnway, then Maior of this citty of Chester [1268-1276]." The text of the plays is contained in four manu- scripts of various dates, from 1597 to 1607, and was edited for the Shakspere Society by Thomas Wright in 1843 and 1847. The first thirteen plays were afterwards edited for the Early English Text Society by Dr. H. Deimling in 1892. Specimens are in- cluded in A. W. Pollard's ' English Miracle Plays' (1890). The authorship of the series has been ascribed to one "Randall Hig- genett, a monk of Chester abby." " As regards metre and form, the cycle," says Pollard, "shows exceptional unity. It is mainly written in eight-line stanza. ... If it be true, as Professor Ten Brink suggests, that the Chester cycle is both less important 11 CHESTERFIELD THINSKIN CHEVEE DE PLOERMEL and less original than those of York and Woodkirk, and that its best, both of pathos and humour, appears to be borrowed, it must be allowed on the other hand that its author was possessed of an unusual share of good taste. . . . There is less in the Chester plays to jar on modern feelings than in any other of the cycles. The humour is kept more within bounds, the religious tone is far higher, and the speeches of the Expositor at the end of each play shows that a real effort was made to serve the religious object to which all Miracle plays were ostensibly directed." Chesterfield Th.inskin. A farce in one act, first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, in 1853, w^ith Harley in the title part, and other 7-6les by Miss Vivash, Addison, Meadows, etc. Chettle, Henry. Dramatic and mis- cellaneous writer ; son of a London dyer ; apprenticed (1577-15S5) to a stationer ; and mentioned in Meres' ' Palladis Tamia* (159S) as one of the best "for comedy amongst us." He was the author (according to A. H. Bullen) of the following plays :— 'A Woman's Tragedy ' (159S), ' 'Tis no Deceit to Deceive the Deceiver' (1-'^9S), 'Troy's Revenge, with the Tragedy of Polyphemus ' (159S-9), ' Sir Placidas' (1599), ' Damon and Pythias ' (1599-1600), 'The Wooing of Death ' (1600), 'All is not Gold that Glisters' (1600-1), ' Life of Cardinal Wolsey ' (1601), 'Tobias '(1602), ' A Danish Tragedy' (1602), •Robin Goodfellow' (1602), 'The Tragedy of Hoffman' (1602), and 'The London Florentine,' pt. ii. (1602-3). He had a liand in the production of over thirty other plays, for a list of which see the ' Dictionary of National Biography' (A. H. Bullen). See Henslowe's Diary (1597-3603); also, the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812). Chetwood, William Rufus. Dra- matic and miscellaneous writer, died 1766 ; began life as a publisher. In 1722-3 he became prompter at Drury Lane Theatre, which he left in 1741-2 to undertake similar duties at the Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin. Several actors, including Barry and Macklin, are said to have benefited by his instruc- tions. He was the author of four dramatic pieces— two acted (' The Lover's Opera,' 1729, and ' The Generous Freemason '), and two unacted ('The Stock Jobbers' and ' South Sea,' both printed in 1720). He wrote, also, a ' General History of the Stage ' (1749), and ' The British Theatre, contain- ing the Lives of the English Dramatic Poets ' (1760), besides editing a number of Elays. See the ' Biographia Dramatica,' it'chcock's 'Irish Stage," and Genest'a ' English Stage.' Cheval Bronze (Le). See Bronze HOKSE, The. Chevalier, Albert. Actor and vocalist, born in London, March, 1862 ; made his stage debut as a boy, and under the name of Knight, at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, in September, 1877. In 1879 he figured at the Court Theatre, and in 1879-80 at the St. James's. In 18S3 he was in the casts of Robertson's ' M.P.' and ' Ours,' at Toole's, and of 'Low Water' (then first performed) at the Globe. He was the original representative of Achille Blond in Pinero's ' ^Magistrate ' (Court, 1S85), Otto Bernstein in 'The Schoolmistress ' (Court, 1886), Sir Leopold Boyne d'Acosta in ' Airey Annie' (Strand, ISSS), Silas Hobbs in 'The Real Little Lord Fauntleroy' (1SS8), Jfr. Firmin in ' Doctor Bill ' (Avenue, 1890), etc., and was also in the first casts of ' Katti,' ' His Wives,' ' Run Wild,' ' Kleptomania,' ' The Prima Donna,' ' The Struggle for Life,' etc. He was seen, further, at the Strand (1888), as Abanazar in Byron's ' Aladdin ' [ic which he sang the first of his coster songs, ' Our 'Armonic Club '], and at the Avenue (1889) as Francis I. in Brough's 'Field ol the Cloth of Gold' {q.v.). In February. 1891, he left the stage for the music-halls! returning to the former, however, in 1897 : in order to appear in his own play, ' TThe Land of Nod ' {q.v.). In addition to the last named piece, he is the author of ' Callec Back Again,' a burlesque (1885), ' Cycling, a comedietta (188S), 'Shatter'd Un,' a bur lesque (1891), asd the libretto of ' Wher Widows Wooed ' (1899) ; as well as part ' author, with W. Mackintosh, of 'Peebles' (1881) and 'The Lady-Killer' (1885), and' with George Canninge, of ' Shylock & Co. \ (1891). See ' Albert Chevalier : a Recorc; by Himself ' [and Brian Daly] (1895). Chevalier de la Maison Roug( (Le). See Chevalier of the Maiso: Rouge and Genevieve. Chevalier de St. George (The), i drama in two acts, adapted from the Frencl of MM. MelesvUle and Roger de Beauvoir and first performed at the Princess's The atre, London, on May 20, 1845, with Wal lack in the title part, and other rdles b; Granby, Ranoe, Oxberry, Mrs. Stirling, an( Miss E. Honner. The original play wa first performed at Paris in February, 1840 with Lafont as the hero. See Self-Made Chevalier des Dames (Tin). Se^, Ladies' Champion, The. j Chevalier du Guet (Le). See Cap, TAIN OF THE WaTCH, THE. Chevalier of the Maison Roug^ (The); or, The Days of Terror! < romantic drama in three acts, adapted frou' the French of Alexandre Dumas by COLi: Hazlewood iq.v.), and first performed f London on August 1, 1859. Chevaliers du Brouillard (Les! See Jack Sheppard ; Knights of th Fog ; Knights of Tyburn ; Old London Stone Jug. Chevaliers du Lansquenet (Les! See Knights of the Round Table. Cheviot Hill, The leading male chf racter in W. S. Gilbert's ' Engaged' {q.v.' Chevre de Ploermel (La). Se DINORAH UNDER DIFFICULTIES. i CHEVY CHASE 2S1 CHILDREX IX THE WOOD Chevy Chase. A melodrama by J. R. Planch:^ (q.v.), produced in 1835-6, with ■iarley and Mrs. Humby in prominent )arts. "The music by Macfarren," says Planch^, " was agreeable and character- stic." Chicag-Oj the City of Flames. A Irama by H. R. Beverley, Colos^seum Theatre, Liverpool, January 29. 1872.— Chicago :' a play by Charles H. Hall, Irst performed at Havlin's Theatre, Chicago, 11., December 15. 1895. Chicken, Sir Carey. First Lord of he Admiralty in Coyne and Talfourd'.s Leo the Terrible '(g. v.). Chickenstalker, Mrs., in 1 Beckett nd Lemon's adaptation of 'The Chimes' J.V.). Chickweed. A play by E. Selden and !. Barnard, performed in U.S.A. ehickweed, Jonathan. Town-crier in '. J. Williams's ' Nursey Chickweed '(g.v.). Chicot the Jester. A romantic drama y H. A. Saintsbury, founded on Dumas ^re's ' Dame de Monsoreau,' and performed lOr copyright purposes) at the Gaiety, i:astino;s, December 15, l£9S.— Chicot is the lame of the jester in E. Stirling's ' Dragon linight' (q.v.). Chieftain (The). A comic opera in two ^.ts, words by F. C. BURNAND (q.v.), music Y Sir Arthur Sullivan, first performed at le Savoy Theatre, London, on December 12, )94, with Miss Florence St. John as Jlita, iss R. Brandram as Inez de Roxas, Miss , Perry as Dolly Grigg, Miss Emmie Owen ; Juanita, Courtice Pounds as Count Vas- lez de Gonzago, Walter Passmore as Peter dolphus Grigg, Scott Fishe as Ferdinand : Roxas, and other parts by R. Temple, M. . Morand, and Scott Russell ; withdrawn arch 16, 1895 ; first produced in America Abbey's Theatre, New York, September 9, 95, with Miss Lulu Glaser as Rita, Rhys lomas as the Count, and Francis Wilson ' Brigg.s. See Contrabandista. Chiffonier de Paris (Le). See Rag- CKER OP Paris, The. Chignon. Valet to Miss Alscrip in irgoyne's ' Heiress ' (q.v.). Chilax. Lieutenant to 3Iemnon in .etcher's ' Mad Lover ' (g.u.). Child of Chance (The). A farce in acts, by Charles Kemble, first per- -med at the Haymarket on July 8, 1812. ) ' A Child of Chance : ' a drama in four ts, adapted from Ouida's novel, ' Tricotrin,' W. Howell-Poole, and first performed the Court Theatre, Liverpool, August 6, iQ. Cihild of Charity (The). A domestic ima, performed at the Victoria Theatre, ndon, with Miss Vincent as Mary Ann, i heroine. IJhild of Naples (A). A play adapted Horace Townsend from the story by Edmond About, and first performed at the Columbia Theatre, Chicago, January 7, 1890. See Angela. Child of Nature (The). A comedy in four acts, adapted by Mrs. Incheald from the 'Zelie' of Mdme. Felicite Genlis, and first performed at Covent Garden in No- vember, 1789 ; revived at Covent Garden in 1810, with Miss Sally Booth as Amanthis ; and at the same theatre in 1814, with Miss Foote in that part. See Amanthis. Child of the Reg-iment (The) ; or. The Fortune of War. A musical comedy in two acts, the libretto by J. B. BuCKSTONK (q-v.), founded on that of Doni- zetti's ' La Figlia del Reggimento ' (q.v.), and first performed at the Haymarket, with the author as Guillot (a peasant), Clarke as Duke Arr.hamhrant de Grandtete, J. Bland as Ser- geant Anriibal Scalade, Tilbury as Pumper- nickel, Mrs. Stanley as Duchess de Grandtete, Mrs. Sv. Clifford as Marchionesa de Berken- feldt, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam in the title part (Josephine) ; performed in U.S.A. in 1S72-3, with J. Howson as Scalade. Under the title of 'The Child of the Regiment' Donizetti's opera was performed at Niblo's Garden, New York, in 1844, and at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on May 6, 1871. See Rataplan. Child of the Sun (The). A play by John Brougham (q.v.), music by J. H. Tully, at Astley's Theatre, London, in Oc- tober, 1865, M'ith ISIiss Menken as Leon, and Miss Kate Carson as Juanita. Child of the Wreck (The). A drama in two acts, by J. R. Blanche (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane in October, 1837, with Mdme. Celeste as Maurice (a dumb boy) ; performed in New York in 1S3S, with Celeste in her oi'iginal part ; revived at the Lyceum, London, on February 16, 1859, with Celeste as Maurice and Mrs. Keeley as Frantz. Childhood's Dreams. A play in one act, by Sir Charles Young (q.v.). Children (The); or, Give them their Way. A comic drama, words by Prince Hoare, music by Kelly, first performed at Drury Lane in April, ISOO, with Bannister and Mrs. Jordan in the cast. Children in the Wood (The). (1) A musical piece in two acts, words by Thomas Morton, music by Samuel Arnold, first performed at the Haymarket Theatre in October, 1793, with Bannister as Walter; revived at the Haymarket in 1826, with Cooper as Walter. (2) A pantomime by E. L. Blanchard (q.v.), Drury Lane, December 26, 1872, with Violet Cameron, Jessie Yokes as Columbine, Rosina Yokes as Harlequina. (3) A pantomime by Osman, New Regent Theatre, Westminster, December 23, 1871. (4) A pantomime by the Brothers Gf.inn, produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, December 24, 1874, with Miss Amalia and Miss Cameron as Williea.nd. Alice Goodchild, Miss Hudspeth as Barbara Allen, Miss Sylvia Hodson as Walter Trueheart, Miss CHILDREN OF ISRAEL CHIMNEY CORNER Edith Stuart as Mistletoe, F. Barsby as Mother Bunch, J, Fawn as Sir Gabriel Grim- wood, S. Calhaem as Daddy Jacky, ]Miss Connie Gilchrist as Harlequin, and Coote as Clown. (5) A burlesque produced at the Bijou Theatre, Bayswater, March 1, 1S75. (6) A pantomime by John Douglass, Standard Theatre, London, December 27, 1S75. (7) A pantomime by T. L. Clay, Pavilion The- atre, London, December 26, 1879. See Babes IN THE Wood. Ch.ildren of Israel (The). A play by H. G RATTAN Donnelly, performed in U.S.A. Children of Love (The). A play, based by Pilgrim on a story by Engene Sue, and performed in New York in 1850. Children of the King (Th e). A fairy tale in three acts, translated by Carl Arm- BRUSTER from the German of Ernest Rosmer (revised by John Davidson) ; music by Engelbert Humperdinck ; first performed at the Court Theatre, London, October 13, 1894, with IMartin Harvey as the Prince, MissCissie Loftus as the Goose-Girl, D. G. Boucicault as the Minstrel, Miss Isabel Bateman as the Witch, and other parts by H. Ross, F. Thome, R. Soutar, and Miss Hilda Spong. Children of the Mist (The). A play, baso'd on Scott's ' Legend of Montrose,' and performed in New York in 1S29 ; revived in 1844, with Chippendale as Dugald Dalgetty. Children of Thespis (The). See "Williams, John. Chili Widow (The). A play in three acts, by Arthur Bourchier and Alfred SUTRO, adapted from the ' Monsieur le Directeur ' of Alexandre Bisson and Fabrice Carre, and first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on September 7, 1895, with A. Bourchier, W. Blakeley, M. Kinghorne, Miss Sophie Larkin, Miss Kate Phillips, and the Misses Violet and Irene Vanbrugh in the leading parts ; first performed in America at the Bijou Theatre, New York, November 30, 1896, by A. Bourchier and company. Chilleeurry, Colonel. A leading cha- racter in E. E. Kidder's ' Bewitched' (c[.v.). Chillingtone, Mrs. One of the two interlocutors in Dance's 'Morning Call' {q.v.). Chilperic. An opera-bouffe in three acts, music by Herv^, libretto adapted by R. Reece, F. a. IMarshall, and R. Man- sell ; first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on January -ll, 1870, with Herve in the title part, Marius as Landry, Coghlan as Dr. Senna, Odell as Fatout, Miss Dolaro as Galsuinda, and Miss Emily Muir as Fredef/onde; performed in the English provinces in 1871, with Miss E. Soldene in the title part, Miss Augusta Thomson as Fredeyonde, Miss Emily Pitt as Galsuinda, Miss Vesey as Brunehaut, and Mrs. Mallan- daine as Alfred (a page) ; revived (with libretto by H. B. Farnie and H. Hersee) at the Empire Theatre, London, on April 17, 1884, with Herbert Standing in the title part' H Paulton as De Gruelle, Mdile. Caniille d'Arville as Fredegonde, Miss Sallie Turner as Dojia Tuberosa, and H. Wardroper, F. Bury, J. T. Powers, Miss A. Consuelo, and Miss M. Shirley in other parts ; at the Coronet Theatre, March 9, 1903, with an EngUsh libretto by A. M. Thompson, R. Mansell, and M. T. Pigott, and with Courtice Pounds as Chilperic and Mis.- Winifred Hare as FrMegonde. Chiltern Hundreds (The). A "comedy opera" in two acts, written b\ T. Edgar Pemberton {q.v.), and composeci by T. Anderton ; first performed at the Alexandra Theatre, London, on April 17, 1852, by T. F. Doyle, Edward Saker, Miss Lee Stoyle, and Mrs. Edward Saker. Chilton, Lord. The chief male cha racter in Marshall's ' False Shame ' {q.v.). Chimsera (The). A comedy by Tl Odell, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields, am, printed in 1721. The design of this pla; was "to expose the follies and absurditie that mankind were drawn into by th"' epidemical madness" of the South-Se; Bubble. Chimes (The), "A Goblin Story, o some Bells that rang an Old Year out and . New Year in : " a drama, "in four quarters, adapted by Mark Lemon and Gilber, Abbott A. Beckett (by permission) frori the story by Dickens, and first performe'; at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Decenr' her 19, 1844, with O. Smith as Toby Vect: Wright as Alderman Cute, Paul Bedford a' Sir Joseph Bouiey, Cullenford as Choicer, Selby as Richard, Munyard as Jabez, Mis E. Chaplin as Spirit of the Chimes, Mis Fortescue as Meggy Ve'ck, Miss E. Hardin as Lady Bouiey, Miss M. Taylor as Liliai and r^Irs. F. Matthews as Mrs. Chiclcenstalke (2) Another version, by Edward Stirli.m was produced at the Lyceum Theatre o January 2, 1845, with Keeley as Trott Veck, ]\Irs. Keeley as Meg, Emery as Wi Pe/-;i, Meadows as Cztie, etc. See Christma; Chimes. • Chimes of Normandy (The). Sc Cloches de Corneville. Chimmie Fadden. A play by Edwae W. TowNSEND, first performed at tt; Middlesex Opera House. Middletown, Ct; December 25, 1895 ; first acted in New Yoi < at the Garden Theatre, January 13, 1896. Chimney Corner (The). (1) A music entertainment in two acts, words by Wals Porter, music by Kelly, first performt at Drury Lane in October, 1797. (2) ^ domestic drama in two acts, by H. Craven (5. v.), first performed at the Oljinp Theatre, London, on February 21, ISGl, wi;. H. Wigan, F. Robson, W. Gordon, and Mi Leigh Murray as Solomon, Peter, John, ai, Patty {Mrs. Peter) Probity respectively, ai H. Cooper as Sifter ; revived at St. Jame;, Theatre in February, 1868, with Miss Soph' Si 1 CHIMNEY SWEEPER 283 CHIPPENDALE .arkin as Patty Probity. Henry Morley | ■escribes the piece as "not equal to 'The 'orter's Knot,' or ' Daddy Hardacre,' upon ecollection of both of which it appears to e founded." Chimney Sweeper (The). A ballad pera acted at Goodman's Fields in 1736. Chim-pan-zee. A magician in 'The landarin's Daughter' (rising Mrs. Lancaster Wallis, Miss H. ;owen, Herbert Waring, W. Herbert, J. Jeauchamp, Sant Matthews, etc. Chris sy. A play by H. P. Taylor, erformed in U.S.A. in 1887. Christ Betrayed. One of the Chester 'lays (q.v.), in which "the action progresses hrough the Last Supper and the night at tethsemane to the arrest of the Saviour." Christ when He was Twelve Years )ld, Of. A comedy by Bishop Bale (q.v.). Christ's Entry into Jerusalem. ine of the Chester Plays (q.v.). Herein, tbe sitting at meat in the house of Simon he Leper, the offering of Mary Magdalene, nd the discontent of Judas Iscariot, then tie expectancy of the citizens, and the ntry of the Sariour into Jerusalem, witli 'le expulsion of the merchants from the emple, and the preparation of the arrest 1 the Sanhedrim, are all crowded into a ingle pageant " (A. W. Ward). Christ's Passion. A tragedy, trans- ited by George Sandys (q.v.) from the Christus Patiens ' of Hugo Grotius (1617), nd printed, with annotations, in 1640. Christabel ; or, The Bard Be- dtched. An extravaganza by Gilbert Beckett (q.v.), suggested by Coleridge's oem, and first performed at the Court The- tre, London, on May lo, 1872, with E. 'ighton as the bard (Bracy) [in which haracter he burlesqued Henry Irving's erformance in ' The Bells '], A. Bishop as (/• Leoline, W. J. Hill, C. Steyne, Miss N. ;romley as Christabel, Miss F. Josephs as 'eraldine, Miss K. Bishop, Miss E. Ritta, tc. Christening- (The). A farce by J. B. '.ucKSTONE, Adelphi Theatre, London, Oc- iber 13, 1834. Christian. (1) The lover of Annette ri L. Lewis's 'Bells' (q.v.) and Ware's Polish Jew ' {q.v.). (2) The hero of a dramatization of ' The Pilgrim's Progi-ess' (q.v.). Christian II. Kina: of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark, in Brooke's 'Gus- tavus Vasa' (q.v.). Christian, King-. A character in Green woods 'Is it the King?' Christian, T. P. Author of « Revolu- tion,' an historical play (printed 1790), and ' The Nuptials,' a musical drama (printed 1791). Christian (The). A play in a prologue and four acts, founded by T. Hall Caine upon his novel so named, and first performed at the Empire Theatre, Albanv, U.S.A., August 23, 1S9S, with Miss Viola Allen as Glory and E. J. Jlorgan as JoJin Storm ; pro- duced at the Knickerbocker Theatre, New York, October 10, 1S9S, Joseph Hawortli replacing E. J. Morgan on November 22 ; afterwards performed at the Garden Theatre, New York. Christian Captives (The). A tragedy in five acts, "in a mixed manner," by Robert Bridges (q.v.). This work "re- handles the subject of Calderon's ' El Prin- cipe Constante,' and is partly founded upon that admirable play " (E. Dowden). Christian Hero (The). A tragedy by George Lillo, performed at Drury Lane", and printed in 1734. " This play is founded on the history of the famous George Cartriot, commonly called Scanderbeg, King of Epirus" ('Biographia Dramatica'). Christian Martyrs (The). A play by John Brougiia.m (q.v.), produced at Barnum's Museum in February, 1S67. Christian turn'd Turk (The) ; or, The Trag-ical Lives and Deaths of the Two Famous Pirates, "Ward and Danseker. A tragedy by Robert Daborne (7.1;.), not divided into acts, and printed in 1612. "The story is taken from an account by Andrew Barker." Christian's Cross and Martyr's Crown. See From Cross to Crown. Christianetta. A play by Richard Brome (q.v.), entered on the books of the Stationers' Company in 1640. Christianson, Christian, in Bu- chanan's ' Storm-Beaten' (q.v.). Christie Johnstone. A novel bv Charles Reade, of which adaptations have been performed in America. The story was originally in the form of a drama, which Reade, at the suggestion of Tom Taylor, turned into a tale. Christina. A romantic play in four acts, by Percy Lynwood and Mark Ambient (q.v.), first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on the afternoon of April 22, 18S7, with a cast com- prising Miss Alma ^Murray as ths heroine, H. Vezin as Count Fretmd, J. G. Grahame, Miss C. Addison, Miss L. Venne, Miss Norreys, F. Archer, G. Barrett, Brandon II CHRISTINA CHRONONHOTONTHOLOGOS Thomas, and Martin Harvey ; revived at the Olympic, London, March, 18SS. with E. S. Willard as Coimt Freiind, and other changes in the cast. Christina. Daughter of Christian II. in Brooke's ' Gustavus Vasa' {q.v.). Christine. The name of characters in (1) Hook's 'Tekeli' {q.v.), (2) Lewes and I Mathews's ' Strange History,' and (3) Stirling's 'Prisoner of State.' Queen Chris- tine of Sweden figures in Bucksto.ne's 'Two Queens' (q.v.). Christine ; or, A Dutch GirPs Troubles. A drama in three acts, by F. W. BiiouGHTOX (q.v.) and J. Wilton Jones (q.v.), Tvne Theatre, Newcastleon-Tyne, May 21, 1879. Christmas, his Masque, by Ben JONSON (q.i'.), was presented at Court in 1616. Christmas Bells. See Narrow Es- cape, A. Christmas Boxes. A farce in one act, by Augustus Mayhew (q.v.) and Suther- land Edwards (q.v.), tirst performed at the Strand Theatre, London, in 1860, Avith J. Rogers, Miss M. Simpson, H. J. Turner, and Miss Buftou in the cast. Christmas Carol (A). The dramatiza- tions of this story by Dickens inchide (1) * A Christmas Carol ; or. The Miser's Warn- ing : ' a drama in two acts, by C. Z. Barnett (q.v.), first performed at tlie Surrey Theatre, London, on February 5, 1844. (2) ' A Christmas Carol : ' a drama in three acts, by Edward Stirling, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre on February 5, 1844, •with " O." Smith as Scrooge, Wright as Bob Cratchit, Miss Woolgar as Bella Morton, Mrs. Maynard as Tinti Tim, Mrs. F. Mat- thews as Mrs. Cratchit, Miss E. Chaplin as the Ghost of Christinas. Of this version and performance Dickens (who had given his sanction) wrote: "I saw the 'Carol' last night. Better tlian usual, and Wright seems to enjoy Bob Cratchit, but heart-breaking to me. Oh, Heaven ! if any forecast of this was ever in my mind ! Yet O. Smith was drearily better than I expected. It is a great comfort to have that kind of meat underdone, and his face is quite perfect." The piece was performed in New York in 1844, with Chippendale as Scrooge, and re- vived at the Adelphi. London, in January, 1860, with J. L. Toole as Bob Cratchit and Miss Woolgar (Mrs. Mellon) as Mrs. Cratchit. Christmas Chimes (The) ; or, Trotty Veck's Dream. A drama in one act, founded by A. Williams on Dickens's ' Chimes,' and performed at the Pavilion Theatre, London, on February 3, 1873. See Chimes. Christmas Dinner (A). A play adapted by Tom Taylor (q.v.) from • Je Dine avec Ma Mere ' (Gymnase, Paris, 1856), and first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on April 23, 1860, with Mrs. Stirling as Peg Woffington [Soph Arnould in the original], Mrs. Emden g Patchett (a maid), Horace Wigan as Hogart (the painter), and F. Vining and W. Gordo in other parts. Christmas Eve ; or. The Duel i; the Snow. A domestic drama in thre acts, by Edward Fitzball (q.v.), suggeste by Gerorae's picture ' Tragedy and Comedy, and first performed at Drury Lane Theati on March 12, 1860, with a cast includin Emery, R. Roxby, Mrs. Dowton, Miss I Howard, etc. Christmas Eve in a "Watch-houst A farce by C. S. Cheltnam (q.v.), first pe formed at the St. James's Theatre, Londoi on November 21, 1870. Christmas Pantomime (A). A fare by Taylor Bilkins, Court Theatre, Loi don, December 26, 1871. Christmas Story (A). A play in or act, adapted by Laurence Irvini; (q.v.) froi Maurice Bucher's' Conte de Noel' (.comedi Francjaise, Paris, June 11, 1895); first pe formed at Abbey's Theatre, New York, o. December 7, 1S95, by Miss INIay Whitty, Mi; Maud Milton, Sydney Valentine, and Fulls MeUish. Christmas Story (The). See Dot. Christmas Tale (A), "in five parts by David Garrick (q.v.), was first acted i Drury Lane on December 27, 1773. It wf founded on Favart's 'Fee Urgelle,' anc according to the ' Biographia Dramatica its success " was chiefly owing to the assis, ance of Loutherburgh, who about th period began to exert his talents as a scen^ painter in the service of Drury Lar Theatre." Christmas Tiding- (A). A sketch i one act, by Clay' M. Greene (q.v.), fir performed at the Empire Theatre, Ne York, on the afternoon of February 18,189 Christopher Jr. A comedy in foi acts, by Madeline Lucette Ryley, fir performed at the Opera House, Wilkesbarr Pa., June 4, 1S94 ; first performed in Ne. York at the Empire Theatre, October 7, 189, with John Drew and Miss Maud Adam See Jedbury, Junior. Christopher Tadpole. A drama 1 William Brown, Prince of Wales's, Blacl pool. September 28, 1877. Christus Redivivus. A "trag comedv," *' new and sacred," written t Nicolas Grimoald, and published : 1543 ; " a drama of the lyric cast so commc in the sixteenth century. There are twent three personce in all, including Magdalen Joseph of Arimathia, Manes Piorum, Chon Galileidum, Chorus Discipulorum, etc." (• M. Hart). Chronicle. Father of Dinah :, O'KEEFE's ' Young Quaker' (q.v.). Chrononhotontholog-os : "theme Tragical Tragedy that ever was Tragedis( L CHRONOS 287 CIBBER by any Company of Tragedians." A burlesque by Henry Carey (q.v.), first performed at tlie Hayraarket, London, on February 22, 1/34. The characters are six in number— the King of Queerumma7iia, who gives his name to the piece ; Fadladinida, his queen ; Tatlanthe, her attendant ; Bombardinian, a, general ; and Aldiborontiphoscophornio and ]liigdum Funnidos, two courtiers — all of Kvhich see. It was revived at Covent Gar- len in 1772 and 1779 ; at the Haymarket in 1783, 1788, and 1806 ; at Drury Lane in 1815 ; ind at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on Vovember 10, 1880, with J. L. Shine as Bombardinian, T. Squire as Aldiborontii)hos- '.ophornio, R. Soutar as Rigdum Funnidos, Mrs. Leigh as Fadladinida, and Miss Bella toward as Tatlanthe. Its first performance n New York took place at the Park The- itre in 1831, with Mrs. Wallack as Tatlan- he. See the Theatre magazine for De- ;ember, 1880. Chronos figures in ' Diogenes and his L,antern ' (q.v.), and In Wood's ' Paul and .'irginia' (q.v.). Chrysal. A courtier in Gilbert's Palace of Truth' (q.v.). j Chrysolina, in Shirley's 'Changes' \q.v.), is one of the two daughters of Golds- \vorth. Chrysos. An art-pati-on in Gilbert's Pygmalion and Galatea ' (q.v.). I Chrystabelle ; or, The Rose with- out a Thorn. An extravaganza by pDMUND Falconer (q.v.), first i)erf()nued t the Lvceum Theatre, London, on Deceni- ler 26, 1860, with Miss M. Ternan in the itle part, Miss Lydia Tiiomjison as Mcphisto a lacquey), J. Rouse as Itaut/K^inautaubaut, tc. Among tlie other cliaracters are the Princes Lilywhite, Expedient, and Finease, kapin (a servant), Homeservtshowdydo (an ixquisite), etc. Chubb. (1) Molly Chubb in G. Abbott L Beckett's 'Revolt of the Workhouse' I. v.). (2) Miss Chippington Chubb in E. L. '.LANCHARD's ' Pork Chops ' (q.v.). Chuckles, Charles. The " English entleman" of H. J. Byron's comedy so amed (q.v.). Chura. A " servitor " in Baker's Hampstead Heath' (q.v.). Chums. (1) A comedy by T. G. Warren j.v.\ first performed at'Southport on May J, 1885. (2) A play by Thomas Frost, first erf ormed at Philadelphia, l^ S. A. , on March 'l, 1892. (3) A play by Fred JMarsde.n, erf ormed in U.S.A. Churchill, Charles. See Rosciad, HE. Churchmouse. There is a Lord Church- lome in Halliday's ' Great City ' (q.v.), and Mr. Churchmouse in Gilbert's ' No Cards' I.V.). Churchwarden (The). A farce in liree acts, translated from the German of Rudolf Kneisel by Cassell and Ogden, adapted and partly rewritten by Edward Terry (q.v.), and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Belfast, on October 16, 1883, with EdAvard Terry in the title purt (Danifl Chtiffy) ; produced at the Olympic Theatre, London, December 16, 1S86 ; revived at Ten y's Theatre, January 9, 1803. Churl (The). A comedy, translated from the ' Truculentus ' of Plautus, by Richard Warner, and printed in 1772. Chute. See Bristol. Chute, Anne, figures in Boucicault's ' Colleen Bawn ' (q.v.) and other adaptations of 'The Collegians,' as well as in the bur- lesques founded on them. Chutnee, Mr. Chili. A Bengal mer- chant in 'Twenty Minutes with a Tiger' (q.v.). Chuzzlewit, Anthony, Jonas, and Martin, sen. and jun., figure in the various adaptations of 'Martin Chuzzlewit' (q.v.). Gibber, CoUey. Actor, playwright, and miscellaneous writer, born in London, November 6, 1671 ; son of Caius Gabriel Cibber (a sculptor and native of Holstein) and Jane CoUey, an English lady of good family ; was sent in 1682 tu school at Grantham, where he remained till 1687, distinguishing himself by writing odes on the.death of Charles II. and the coronation of James II. His earliest aspirations were towards the stage, but he suppressed them with a view successively to going to college and to obtaining a commission in the army. He had some hopes of assistance at the hands of the Earl of Devonshire, his father's patron, but in the end drifted to the theatre. He admits, in his ' Apology,' that, in the matter of physique, he was'not over well qualified for the profession. He refers to the "insufficiency" of his voice, "to which might be added an uninform'd meagre person (tho' then not ill-made), M'ith a dismal pale complexion." He says he joined the company at the Theatre Royal in 1690, but his first recorded appearance as an actor was in 1691, at the Theatre Royal, where he seems to have been "billed" at first as "Mr. Colly." He says that the first part in which he made any success was that of the chaplain in 'The Orphan ' (q.v.). He was afterwards highly complimented by Congreve himself on his Lord Touchicood in 'The Double Dealer.' In 1693— " when " (to quote him again) "I had but twenty pounds a year, which my father had assur'd me, and twenty shillings a week from my theatrical labours " — he married ; the lady being a Miss Shore, whose father, it is said, disapproved of the union so keenly that he diverted to other purposes the fortune he had intended for her. In 1095, when the leading members of the company quarrelled with the patentees, and seceded, Cibber remained with his employers, and had his salary advanced to thirty shillings a week. For a revival of Mrs. Eehn's 'Abdelazer' in April of this year he vn'ote his first GIBBER GIBBER prologue. A little later he made some mark hy ■pla.ymg Fondleivife in ' The Old Bachelor' in imitation of Dogget, the tirst interpreter of the part. Still, he did not sufficiently impress either the patentees or his col- leagues ■«ith a full sense of his histrionic capacity, and at last determined to write a good part for himself. This was Sir Novelty Fashion in his 'Love's Last Shift' {q.v.), which -was recommended to the manage- ment of Drury Lane by Southerne (g.r.), and duly accepted and produced (1696). It •would seem that later in 1690 Gibber was for a time associated with the Betterton company at Lincoln's Inn Fields, but it is certain that in 1697 he figured at Drury Lane as Lonr/rille in his own ' Woman's ■NVit' (g.r.). INIean while Sir John Vanbrugh had paid him the compliment of writing ' The Relapse ' as a sequel to ' Love's Last Shift,' Sir Novelty Fashion being therein represented as ennobled, with the title of Lord Foppington. The part was assigned by Vanbrugh to Gibber, who says that the play (which was produced at Drury Lane) gave him, as a comedian, "a second flight of reputation along with it." In 1700 he was seen at the same theatre as the Duke of Gloster in his famous adaptation of Shakespeare's 'Richard III.' (^.r.)— a work which held the stage, to the exclusion of the original text, for a century and three- quarters. Gibber was also the original Clodio in his 'Love makes a Man' (1701), the first representative of his ' School Boy ' (1702), the original Do7i Manuel in his ' She Would and She AVould Not ' (1702), the first Lord Foppington in his ' Careless Husband' (1704), and the first Pacuvius in his ' Perollo and Izadora ' (1705). He was also the original Captain Brazen in 'The Recruiting Officer' (1706). In 1706-8 he was a member of Owen Swiney's troupe at the Haymarket, where he was the original Celadon in his 'Comical Lovers' (g.v., adapted from Dry- den), Atall in his ' Double Gallant ' {q.v.), and Lord George Brilliant in his 'Lady's Last Stake' (g-u.), besides being the first Gibbet in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.). In 1708-9 (the rival companies having united) he was again at Drury Lane, figuring in such characters as Ben in ' Love for Love,' Gloster in ' King Lear,' Glendoiver in 'Henry IV.,' Cranmer in 'Henry VIII.,' Subtle in 'The Alchemist,' and lago. In 1709 he became, with Swiney, Wilks, and Dogget, joint-manager of the" Haymarket. In 1710 he returned to Drury Lane, with which he remained closely connected for the next twenty-three years. In 1714 he became one of the licensees, the others being Sir Richard Steele, Wilks, Booth, and Dogget, of whom the last named speedily retired (with com- pensation). In the period between 1710 and 1733 Gibber was the original repre- sentative of Gloster in ' Jane Shore,' Tinsel in 'The Drummer,' Dr. Wolf in his own 'Nonjuror' [which greatly offended the Jacobites], Wilding in his 'Refusal,' Acho- reus in his 'Gsesar in Egypt,' Sir Francis Wronghead in his (and Vanbrugh's) 'Pro- Toked Husband,' and Philautus in his ' Love in a Riddle.' In 1730, in succes- sion to Laurence Eusden, and apparently in recognition of his anti-Jacobite ten- dency, he was appointed Poet Laureate. In 1733 he retired from the stage, only to return to it in the following year. His last appearances were made at Covent Garden in 1745, as Pandidph in his adap- tation from Shakespeare called ' Papal Tyranny in the Reign of King John' {q.v.). In December, 1757, he died. In addition to plavs above named he was the author of ' Xerxes ' (1699), ' The Rival Fools ' (1709), ' The Rival Queens ' (1710), ' Ximena ' (1712), ' Venus and Adonis ' (1715), ' Bulls and Bears' (1715), ' Myrtillo ' (1716), 'Damon and Phillida' (1729), and, with Sir John Van- brugh, 'The Provoked Husband' (172S). He published an edition of his plays, in: quarto, in 1721. In 1740 came his famous 'Apology' for his Life {q.v.); in 1742, 'A Letter from Mr. Gibber to ]Mr. Pope,' who had made him the hero of ' The Duuciad,' in succession to Theobald ; in 1743, ' The Egotist; or, Colley upon Gibber;' in 1744, 'Another Occasional Letter from Mr. Gibber to Mr. Pope ; ' in 1747, ' The Character and Conduct of Cicero.' Says Hazlitt : " Cibbei is the hero of ' The Dunciad ;' but it cannot be said of him that he was ' by merit raised to that bad eminence.' He was pert, not dull ; a coxcomb, not a blockhead ; vain, but not malicious. ... In his plays, his personal character perhaps predominates too much over the inventiveness of his Muse but so far from being duU, he is everywhere light, fluttering, and airy. His pleasure in himself made him desirous to please ; but. his fault was, that he was too soon satisfied with what he did. . . . Gibber, in short though his name has been handed dowr to us as a bye-word of impudent preten- sion and impenetrable dullness by th( classical pen of his accomplished rivEu [Pope], was a gentleman and a scholar o: the old school ; a man of wit and pleasantrj in conversation, a diverting mimic, an ex cellent actor, an admirable dramatic critic and one of the best comic writers of hi: age" ('The English Comic Writers'). Ii addition to the authorities above named see the ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812) Genest's ' English Stage ' (1832), Lowe'.' ' English Theatrical Literature ' (1888), etc. Cibber, Susanna Maria. Actres and vocalist, sister of Dr. T. A. Arne {q.v.) born February, 1714, died January, 1766 made her first appearance on the stage a the Haymarket Theatre in 1732 as th, heroine of Lampe's opera, 'Ameha.' I- April, 1734, she married Theophilus Cibbe {q.v.), and thereafter acted under his name Her debut in the non-musical drama too. place at Drury Lane in January, 1736, a the original representative of Zaram ksso Hill's tragedy so named {q.v.). She staye at this theatre till 173.8, when her husban brought an action in which she was accuse • of infidelity with one of his friends name Soper. Gibber claimed damages to th amount of £5000, but was awarded onl CIBBER CID ^10, the general opinion being that he had .•onnlvecl at the intimacy and made money mt of it. In 1741-42 Mrs. Gibber acted in .Dublin, ■whence she went to Covent Garden, n 1744-45 she was again at Drury Lane, in 746-47 at Covent Garden, in 1747-49 at )rury Lane, in 1750-53 at Covent Garden, -nd, finally, in 1753-66 at Drury Lane, during her career at these houses she was he first representative of Cassandra in 'homson's ' Agamemnon,' Sigismunda in he same writer's ' Tancred and Sigismunda,' Ispasia in Johnson's ' Irene,' Rutland in ones's 'Essex,' Zaphira in Browne's ' Bar- arossa,' etc. She was also seen as Lady lacbeth, Juliet, Cordelia, Ophelia, Desde- lona, Isabella in ' Measure for Measure,' 'onstance in ' King John,' Lady Anne in ■Richard III.,' Celia in ' Volpone,' Cleopatra a 'All for Love,' Imoinda in ' Oroonoko,' I'alista in 'The Fair Penitent,' Monimia in iThe Orphan,' Marcia in ' Cato,' Isabella in (The Fatal Marriage,' Polly Peachum, etc. ;he authorship of 'The Oracle,' a one-act iece from the French, is ascribed to her 752). In 'The Rosciad' Churchill wrote f her— •• Formed for the tragic scene to grace the stage. With rival excellence of love and rage. Mistress of each soft art, with matchless skill To turn and wind the passions as she will ; . . . With just desert enrolled in deathless fame, Conscious of worth superior, Cibber came." There was in her person," says Davies, little or no elegance ; in her countenance small share of beauty ; but nature had ven her such symmetry of form and fine :pressions of feature that she preserved 1 the appearance of youth long after she id reached middle age. . . . Her great cellence consisted in that simplicity lich needed no ornament, in that sensi- lity which despised all art" ('Life of UTick '). ' ' In all characters of tenderness d pathos, in which the workings of the jlings call for the force of excessive sensi- lity, she was like Garrick ; . . . the cha- ster she represented she greatly felt and porously expressed" (Dibdin). "John ylor," says Thomas Campbell, " told me it she strongly resembled Mrs Siddons 'power of the eye.'" "She captivated 3ry one," writes Dr. Burney, " by the eetness and expression of her voice in iging." See, in addition to the authorities 3ve mentioned, ' Biographia Dramatica ' 12), Genest's ' English Stage ' (1S32), : 1 Grove's • Dictionary of Music and ..isicians.' ipibber, Theophilus. Actor and play- Mght, born 1703 ; son of Colley Cibber (').), and educated at Winchester. His 5.t appearance on the stage w^as made, Oarently, at Drury Lane in 1720, his first <(ginal part being (it would seem) that of ■fniel in 'The Conscious Lovers' (q.v.). J remained at Drury Lane (of which, in io L ^® ^^^ *^"® ^^ t^Q patentees) till J 3, when he went for a short time to the J ymarket. Between 1734 and 1739 he was f Drury Lane again, afterwards spending a season at Covent Garden in 1739-40, at Drury Lane in 1741-42, at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1742-43, and at the Haymarket in 1744. From 1745 to 1749 he was at Covent Garden, in 1755 at the Haymarket, and in 1756-57 at Covent Garden once more. Be- tween 1723 and 1757 he was in the first cast of ' The Strollers,' ' George Barnwell,' ' The Lottery,' 'The Mock Doctor,' 'The Miser,' ' The Miller of Mansfield,' and ' Papal Tyranny.' He was drowned in October, 1757, on his way to fulfil an engagement in Dublin. His first wife, Jenny Johnson, died in 1733, and in 1734 he married Susanna Maria Arne, sister of Dr. Arne [see Cibber, Susanna]. "His person," says the 'Bio- graphia Dramatica,' "was far from pleasing, the features of his face were rather disgust- ing. His voice had the same shrill treble, but without that musical harmony which Mr. Colley Cibber was master of. . . . Through a too insatiable thirst for pleasure, and a want of consideration in the means of pursuing it, his life was one scene of misery, and his character made the mark of censure and contempt." " Though," says Davies, " Mr. Theophilus Cibber had some degree of merit in a variety of characters, and especially in brisk coxcombs, and more particularly in extravagant parts, such as Pistol, yet he generally mixed so much of false spirit and grimace in his acting that he often displeased the judicious spec- tator." Chetwood wrote that though Cib- ber " has performed several parts in tragedy with success, in my imagination the sock sits easier upon him than the buskin" ('History of the Stage'). The following dramatic pieces are ascribed to him :— ' The Lover ' (1730), ' Patie and Peggy ' (1730), 'The Harlot's Progress ' (1733 j, 'Da- mon and Daphne ' (1733), ' The Mock Officer ' (1733), 'The Auction' (1757), and adapta- tions of ' Henry VI.' (1723) and ' Romeo and Juhet' (1748). He wrote 'The Lives and Characters of the Most Eminent Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and Ireland ' (1753). and revised and edited ' An Account of the Lives of the Poets of Great Britain and Ireland ' (1753). See, in addition to the authorities above quoted, Genest's ' English Stage ' (1S32) and R. W. Lowe's ' English Theatrical Literature ' (188S). Cicero, The Banishment of. Sea Banishment of Cicero. Cicilia and Clorinda ; or, Love in Arms. A tragi-comedy by Thomas Killi- GKE\\(q.v.), printed in 1664. "This is formed into two plays, the first of which was Avritten at Turin about 1650, and the second at Florence in 1651 " (' Biographia Dramatica '). Cid (The). A tragi-comedy by Joseph RUTTER, acted at Court, and at the Cock- pit, Drury Lane. ' ' This play is in two parts ; both printed— the first in 1637, the second in 1640." They are free translations of the ' Cid ' of CorneiUe. Pepys saw this piece acted at the Cockpit in 1662, and pronounced it "a most dull thing." (2) An anonymous translation of Corneille's play appeared in U CIGALE CINDERELLA 1691. (3) ' The Cid ; or, The Heroick Daughter : ' a tragedy, translated from Cor- neille by John Ozell, and printed in 1714. (4) 'The Cid:' another translation from Corneille, published in 1802. (5) ' The Cid : ' a poetical play by Ross Neil iq.v.), pub- lished in 1874. (6) ' The Cid ; or, Love and Duty : ' an historical play in three acts, by J. A. Addison and J. H. Howell, King's Cross, London, March 25, 1878. Cigale (La). (1) A comedy in three acts, by H. Meilhac and L. Hal^vy, first performed (in English) at the Gaiety Theatre, London, December 9, 1878. See Good Luck. (2) A comic opera in three acts, adapted by F. C. Burnand from ' La Cigale et La Fourmi ' of Chivot and Duru ; produced, with the original music by M. Audran, and additions by Ivan Caryll, at the Lyric Theatre, London, on October 9, 1890, with Miss G. Ulmar as Marton, Miss E. Clements as Charlotte, Miss A. Rose as the Duchess, Eric Lewis as the Duke, the Chevalier Scovel as Fraiiz de Bernheim, M. Dwyer as Vincent, E. W. Garden as William, L. Brough as Vanderkoopen, Miss M. St. Cyr as La Frivolini, and other parts by J. Peachey, G. Mudie, Misses A. New- ton, Mabel Love, and Ellis Jeffreys ; per- formed in London and the provinces in 1893, with Miss Alma Steele as Marton, and other parts by Lytton Grey, W. H. Rawlins, etc. Cig-arette. (1) An operetta, music by Offenbach, libretto by G. D'ARCY, per- formed at the Globe Theatre, London, September 9, 1876, with a cast including iNIiss Pauline Markham and Miss Augusta Thomson. (2) An opera in three acts, libretto by E. Warham St. Leger and Barry Momour, music by J. Haydn Parry ; first performed at the Theatre Royal, Cardiff, on August 15, 1892 ; produced at the Lyric Theatre, London, September 7, 1892, with a cast including Mdme. Albu, Miss Hannah Jones, Miss Marion Erie, Joseph O'Mara, O. Yorke, and Charles Collette ; and transfen-ed to the Shaftes- bury Theatre, London, September 26, in same year. Cigue. See Hemlock Dr.\ught. Cini"berton. A coxcomb in Steele's « Conscious Lovers' {.q.v.). Cimene. An opera, acted at the Hay- market in 1783. Cimon, in Gibber's ' Love in a Riddle ' (g.r.), is in love with Phillida. Cinder Nelly. A burlesque on the story of Cinderella, performed in U.S.A. Cinderella, one of the most popular tif nursery heroines, has been the central tigure of, and given the title to, the follow- ing (and other) operas, pantomimes, bur- lesques, and extravaganzas :— (1) A panto- mimic spectacle, Drury Lane, January 3, 1804. (2) A comic opera, music by Rossini ("Cenerentola"), and libretto by Rophino Lacy, first performed at Covent Garden on April 13, 1830, with Miss Paton in the title part. Misses Cawse and Hughes as Clorinda and Thisbe, Wood as Prince Felix, Keelej as Pedro, Penson as Purnpolino, etc. ; pro' duced in New York in 1731 ; revived ai Drury Lane in May, 1856, with a cast in eluding Miss F. Huddart, Heiiry Haigh C. Durand, etc. ; revived at the Holbon Theatre in 1874-5, with Miss C. Loseby, Mis; K. Munroe, Miss Rose Lee, E. Cotte, C Lyall, etc., in the cast; at Theatre Royal Newcastle-on-Tyne, August 15, 1892, and with libretto rearranged by Tom Robertson Grand, Islington, October 3, 1S92. (3) / burlesque bj Tom Taylor and Alber- Smith, first pbTformed at the Lyceum The atre, London, on May 12, 1845,' with Mrs Keeley as the heroine, Miss Fairbrothe as Rondeletia, Frank Matthews as Baro Soldoff, Alfred Wigan as the Prince, an Keeley as his servant. (4) A burlesque, a the Victoria Theatre, London, in Octobei 1846. (5) A burlesque extravaganza b H. J. Byron (g.r.), first performed at th Strand Theatre, London, on December 2( 1860, with Miss M. Oliver as Prince Poppett Miss C. Saunders as Dandino (his valet Poynter as Alidoro (his tailor), J. Clark as the Baron Balderdash, H. J. Turner £' Buttoni (a page), J. Rogers as Clorindi Miss Lavine as Thisbe, ]\Iiss M. Simpson i Cinderella, and Miss K. Carson. (6) pantomime by E. L. Blanchard, first pe formed at Covent Garden, December, 186 with Clara Denvil as heroine, E. Danve as Ugolino, the Payne family, etc. ; revivt at the Crystal Palace in December, 187. with Miss Emmeline Cole, Mrs. Aynslc Cook, Miss Alice Mansfield, F. and W. 1 Payne, etc. (7) A pantomime by W. }■ Akhurst, Astley's (Sanger's National Ai phitheatre),Deceml>er 26, 1873, and PavUio Mile End, December 26, 1874. (8) A pant mime by Charles Rice, Covent Gard' Theatre, December 27, 1S75. (9) A bv lesque-extravaganza by J. Wilton Joni Theatre Royal, Leicester, October 3, 181 (10) A pantomime by H. Spry, Sanger's A: phitheatre, December 26, 1878. (11) A pa tomime by E. L. BLaNCHard, Drury Lai December 26, 1878, with Miss V. Yokes Cinderella, Miss Jessie Yokes as Prii. Amabel, Miss Ada Blanche as£tzarre(t. Prince's page), Frederick Yokes as t. Baron Pumpernickel, and Fawdon Vol as Eobold, Miss Hudspeth as Vixma, a: Miss Julia Warden as Pavonia (the sistei (12) A pantomime by Frank W. Gre; and T. S. Clay, Marylebone Theatre, 1 cember 24, 1879. (13) A drama in th- acts, by E. Towers, PaviUon Theat London, June 4, 1881. (14) A pantomi by Frank W. Green, Pavilion Theat London, December 26, 1882. (15) a p tomime by E. L. Blanchard, Drury La December 26, 1883. (16) 'A Little Op ^ for Big Children, and a Big Opera • Little Children,' music by John Farn: libretto by the late H. S. Leigh, Harr« , December, 1883 ; performed as an opeK; recital at St. James's Hall, May 2, II. (17) A pantomime by John Douglj, Standard Theatre, London, December . CINDERELLA AT SCHOOL CIPRICO ;84. (18) A pantomime by Frank W. REEN and Oswald Allen, Sanger's Am- litheatre, December 26, 18S4. (19) A mtomime by F. C. Burnand, Crystal ilace Theatre, December 22, 1SS5. (20) pantomime by Leopold Wagner, Mary- bone Theatre, London, December 27, 1886. 1) A pantomime by AV. Muskerry, San- r's Theatre, London, December 27, 1886. 2) A pantomime, libretto by "Richard- ENRY," music by Edward Solomon, Her ajesty's Theatre, London, December 26, 89, with Miss Minnie Palmer as the iroine, Miss F. Robina as the Prince, H. irker aa Baron Brokestone, and other parts MissL. Linden, Miss Irene Verona, Miss la Chapman, Mrs. H. Leigh, Miss Ellis ffreys, Fawdon Vokes, J. Le Hay, Shiel irry, and C. Coborn. (23) A pantomime, pretto by Fred Locke, music by C. S. irker and J. Tabrar, Pavilion Theatre, jndon, December 26, 1892. (24) A faiiy ntomime, written by Horace Lennard v.), Lyceum Theatre, London, December 1893, with Miss Ellaline Terriss as the iroine. Miss C. Jecks as the Baroness, [iss K. Chard as the Prince, Miss S. tughan as the Fairy Godmother, V. evens as Thishe, F. Emney as Clorinda, Parker as the Baron, and other parts Deane Brand, AV. Lugg, C. Lauri, Miss linnie Terry, Miss Dora Barton, etc.; first tformed in America, at Abbey's Theatre, W York City, April 23, 1894. (25) A pan- tnlme by George Co.nqukst and Henry Iry, Surrey Theatre, December 26, 1893. JS) A fairy play in five scenes, by E. BSBIT (Mrs. Bland), New Cross Public 1,11, London, February 21. 1894. (27) A iitomime by Sir Augustus Harris, |ciL Raleigh, and Arthur Sturgess, Mry Lane, December 26, 1895, with Miss ;', Bowman as Cinderella, Miss Ada Blanche i the Prince, Miss A. Dagmar as Dandini, rbert Campbell as the Baron, Dan Leno : the Baroness, and other parts by L. .'?nold. Miss Sophie Larkin, and Miss iily Miller (as Cinderella's sisters). Miss h Harold, Miss M. Cornille, etc. (28) 4)antomime by Geoffrey Thorn, Grand, ington, December 26, 1896. (29) A pan- lime by Geoffrey Thorn, Garrick The- B, London, December 27, 1897, with Miss <|ice Dudley as the heroine. Miss Helen ttram as the Prince, W. Lugg as the ron, Miss Kate Phillips as the Baroness, IjNicholls and J. Le Hav as Cinderella's sers, and other parts by F. Kaye, Miss (tely Richards, etc. (30) A pantomime WE. Barwick, Broadway Theatre, Dept- I'l, December 27, 1897.— A version of the S'yof Cinderella was played in America a' The Glass Slipper.' See also Cinder ^ lly ; Cinder-Ellen ; Done-to-a-Cin- iiella; Little Cinderella; Miss <-derella; Our Cinderella; Pickles. inderella at School. A musical c ledy by Woolson Morse, adapted from e Aschenbroden,' and tirst performed in J>? York at Daly's Theatre, March 5, 1881, ^1 C. Leclercq, J. Lewis, Miss Ada Rehan, Mrs. Gilbert, and others in the cast. See School. Cinderella the First. A comic opera in three acts, libretto by Arthur H. Ward, music by Henry Vernon ; Bijou Theatre, Neath, August 29, 1892. Cinderella the Second. A burletta in two tableaux, libretto by S. Boyle Lawrence, music by E. Bucalossi, first per- formed at the Bijou Theatre, Bayswater, London, in February 18, 1893, with S. Paxton as Cinderella and Miss R. Pounds as Prince Lothario. Cinderella the Young-er. An extra- vaganza in three acts, written by Alfred Thompson, composed by E. Jonas, and first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, September 23, 1871, with Miss Julia Mat- thews as Javotte, Miss Constance Loseby as Belezza, Miss Annie Tremaine as Pamela, J. D. Stoyle as Dodgerowski, J. G. Taylor as Pri(jowitz, and other parts by J. Maclean and Furneaux Cook ; produced in Paris under the title of ' Javotte' in 1873. Cinder-Ellen TJp Too Late. A bur- lesque in three acts, libretto by "A. C. TORR " (Fred Leslie) and W. T. Vincent, music by Meyer Lutz, originally produced in Australia ; first performed in London at the Gaiety Theatre, on December 24, 1891, with Miss Kate James as the heroine, Miss Sylvia Grey and Miss Florence Levey as her sisters, E. J. Lonnen as Prince Belgravia, Arthur "Williams as Sir Liuhjate Hill, Fred Leslie as "a servant," and other parts by Miss M. Hobson, Miss E. Miller, Miss Maud Boyd, etc. Cinna's Conspiracy. A tragedy as- cribed to COLLEY CiBBER and based on history, first performed at Drury Lane The- atre on February 19, 1713, with Booth as Cinna, Mills as Maximus, Mrs. Oldfield as Emilia, and Powell as Augustus. Cinna and Maximus love Emilia, who incites the former to conspire against Augustus. In the end, "Augustus unites Cinna and Emilia, and reconciles them to Maximus." Cinq Mars. An historical drama by Alwyn Maude and Maurice Minton, per- formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on June 12, 1883. Cinthio, Don. The lover in Mrs. Behns ' Emperor of the Moon ' {q.v.). Cinthio, Giraldi. See Laws op Candy. Ciprico, Georg-e M. American actor, born in New York in 1847 ; made his dibut, as Hamlet, in 1867 ; gave public readings in many American cities, including New York (in 1871) ; acted at St. Louis and Phila- delphia, and appeared as a ''star" at Baltimore in 1874 ; produced in July, 1876, G. B. Densmore's ' Fates and Furies,' in which he figured as Mons. Albert— a part in which he figured at the Surrey Theatre, London, in October, 1877. CIRCASSIAN CITY MADAM Circassian (The). A fantastic comedy in three acts, adapted by F. W. BroughtOxV from ' Le Voyage au Caucase ' of Emile Blavet and Fabrice Carre, and first per- formed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on November 19, 1887, with a cast including David James, George Giddens, Sidney Brongh, and Miss Annie Hughes. Circassian Bride (The). An opera in three acts, words by C. Ward, music by Sir Henry Bishop, first performed at Drury Lane on February 23, 1S09. On the following night the theatre was burned down and the score of the opera destroyed. Circe. An opera, written by Dr. Charles D'AVE.VANT (prologue by Dryden, epilogue by Lord Rochester), and composed bv Ban- nister ; performed at Dorset Garden in 1677, with Mrs. Lee in the title part, Better- ton as Orestes, Mrs. Betterton as Ipliigenia, and other parts by Harris, Smith, etc. The plot, described by Genest as "a blessed jumble," is based on Euripides' 'Iphigenia in Tauris.' Circuit. (1) A serjeant in Foote's ' Lame Lover' {q.v.). (2) A lawyer in DlB- DlN's 'Birthday' {q.v.). Circuit Judg-e (The). A play by Scott Marble, performed in U.S.A. Circumstantial Evidence. A play by M. E. Swan, performed in U.S.A. Circus (The). See Eloped with a Circus Man. Circus Clown (The). A play by Fred. J. Beaman, performed in U.S A. Circus Girl (The). A musical play in two acts, dialogue Ny .1. T. Tanner and VV. Palings, lyrics by Ad'rian Ross and Harry Greenbank, music by Ivan Caryll and Lionel Monckton ; first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, December 5, 1896, with Miss EllaUne Terriss as Dora, Miss Ethel Haydon as La Favorita, Miss C. Ediss as Mrs. Drivelli, E. Payne as Biggs, .Seymour Hicks as Dick, H. Monkhouse as ^V?* T, Wemyss, A. Williams as Drivelli, and other parts by L. Mackinder, W. Warde, C. Coop, R. Nainby, M. Farkoa, Miss M. Davis, Miss G. Palotta, etc. ; produced at Daly's Theatre, New York, in April, 1S97, with Miss Nancy Mcintosh in the title part, Miss Virginia Earl as Dora, and Cyril Scott as Dick. Circus in Town (A). A play per- formed in U.S.A., with E. Golden as Bridget. Circus Queen (The). A play in three acts, adapted' from the French by George E. Lask, with music (selected from Lecocq, Herbert, and Sousa) added to the original score, first performed at the Tivoli Opera House, San Francisco, October 10, 1898. Circus Rider (The). A comedy in one act, by Mrs. Charles Doremus, adapted from '"Die Kunstreiterin,' and performed in America in 1SS7-8 with Miss Rosina Yokes as Lady Lucille Grafton. See Caught Oc and Fair Equestrienne. Cissy's Eng-ag-ement. A duologu by Ellen Lancaster Wallis (g.r.), Steir way Hall, London, November 19, 1895. Citizen (The). A comedy in three act; by Arthur Murphy (g.r.), first performe at Drury Lane in July, 1761, with Mi.' Elliott (a protege of Murphy's) as Mari( Yates and Foote as old and young Philpo and other parts by Baddeley, Weston, an O'Brien. The author afterwards reduce the piece to two acts ; it was seen at Covei Garden so late as 1818. " The character ( Maria, sl girl of wit and sprightliness, wl in order to escape a match which she has s aversion to, and at the same time make tl refusal come from her intended husbar: himself, by passing on him for a fool, evidently borrowed from the character Angelique in the ' Fausse Agnes ' of De touches " (' Biographia Dramatica '). Citizen turned Gentleman (The or, Mamamouchi. A comedy by E ■WARD Ravenscroft {q.v.), adapted fro the ' Bourgeois Gentilhomme ' and ' Mc sieur Pourceaugnac ' of Moliere, and p(. formed at Dorset Garden in 1671 ; print in 1672, and again in 1675 (as ' Mamamouch;: Citronen. See Lemons. City Bride (The). See Cure foe Cuckold, A. City Directory (The), A play t Paul M. Potter (music by W. S. Mullab' produced at the Bijou Theatre, New Yo; in February, 1890. City Gallant (The). See Gree TU QUOQUE. City Heiress (The) ; or, Sir Timet: Treatall. A comedy by Mrs. Behn (g. : produced at Dorset Garden in 1681, w' Nokes as Sir Timothy, Mrs. Butler Chariot (the heiress), Betterton as T Wilding (nephew to Sir Timothy), X' Barry as Lady Galliard, and printed 1682. "This play is in great measun. plagiarism, part of it being borrowed fi- Middleton's ' Mad World, my Masters,';', part from Massinger's ' Guardian.'" It £'• owes something to Middleton's ' In * Temple Masque." Otway wrote the p logue. ; JL, City Lady (The) ; or. Folly 3- 9,, claimed. A comedy by Thomas Dil, "~'- acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1697, v i Mrs. Barry as Lady Grumble, and otr parts by Bowman, Bowen, Underbill, ^ • Bowman, Mrs. Leigh, etc. "Lady Grur & is lately removed from the City to Co^ t Garden. She aff'ects quality in everyth ;. but at last renounces her folly " (Genes' City Madam (The). A comedya five acts, by Philip Massinger (5)1 licensed in 1632, but not printed till L^- It had been acted at Blackfriars by 9 King's Company. " Luke Frugal, after 1 1- ing the life of a prodigal, has becon a CITY MATCH 293 CIVITATIS AMOR ecipient of his brother's charity. As such, le hypocritically assumes the character of . submissive and smooth-tongued depend- .nt. . . . But he is suddenly subjected to he crucial test of the inheritance of all the realth of his brother, -who has pretended ietirement into a monastery. He is now at ince transformed into a monster of selfish varice. ... In the end, his brief dream of /ealth and power of course collapses ; while ;be trials to which they have been subjected ffectually cure his brother's wife (the City ■ladam) and her daughters of their ridicu- )us pride and pretensions " (A. W. Ward). This bitter satire against the city women )r aping the fashions of the court ladies lUst have been peculiarly gratifying to the jmales of the Herbert family and the rest f Massinger's noble patrons and patron- 5ses." The play is said to have been altered y Love (?.v.), and produced by him at ichmond in 1771. It was revived in April, '83, at Drury Lane, with Baddeley as Sir ^flhn Frugal, Palmer as his brother Luke, ting as Plenty, Brereton as young Lacy, !;rs. Hopkins as Lady Frugal, and Miss arren and Mrs. Brereton as Mary and nne Frugal. Adapted by Sir James Bland* ;urgess, it was produced, under the title of [Eliches ; or. The Wife and the Brother,' at He Lyceum Theatre on February 3, 1810, ith Raymond as Luke, Powell as Sir John rafic {Frugal), Mrs. Edwin as Lady Traffic, id Miss Ray and Mrs. Orger as the sisters, was revived at Sadler's Wells in its ori- ■nal shape in October, 1844, with Phelps Luke and Mrs. Warner as Lady Frugal ; September, 1852, with Phelps as Luke, G. 3nnett as Sir John Frugal, II. Marston as lenty, Barrett as young Lacy, and Mrs. srnan as Lady Frugal ; and in March, 1S62, ing the last piece produced by Phelps at is theatre. 3ity Match (The). A comedy by Jasper AY.NE ((/.I'.), played before royalty at White- .11 in_1639 ; revived at the King's Play- use in 1668, when it was witnessed by 'pys, who declared it to be "a silly play ; " Vived at Drury Lane, in an altered form, April, 1755, under the title of 'The ihemers;' revived by Planchd at Covent irden, London, on February 5, 1828, with ditions from Rowley's 'Match at Mid- ^ht,' and under the title of ' The Mer- ant's Wedding ; ' revived under that title Sadler's Wells in 1852. ,:!ity Nig-ht-Cap (The); or, Crede (tod. habes, et habes. A comedy by ^BERT Davenport {q.v.), acted at the joenix, Drury Lane, and printed in 1661. he plot of Lorenzo, Philippo, and A bsteinia • taken from 'Philomela, the Lady Fitz- ter's Nightingale,' by Robert Greene ; and 'it of Ludovico, Francisco, and Dorothea, ! which the new-married lady is set to ^ homage to her husband's night-cap, is Towed from Boccaccio's 'Decameron,' y 7, Nov. 7" ('Biographia Dramatica'}. 'i Amorous Prince. 'ity of London Theatre, The Spirit of the, figured in PLANCHii's 'New Haymarket Spring Meeting' (q.v.). See London Theatres. City of Pleasure (The). A play adapted by George R. Sims from the ' Gigolette ' of Pierre Decourcelle and Ed- mond Tarb6 (Arabigu, Paris, November, lSy3) ; first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Birmingham, April 22, 1895 ; first acted in America at the Empire Theatre, New York, September 2, 1895. City Politiques. A comedy by J. Cro WNE (q. V. ), printed in 1683. ' ' This play was a very severe satire upon the Whig party then prevailing." City Ramble (The); or, A Play- house Wedding:. A comedy by El- KANAH Settle (q.v.). based on ' The Knight of the Burning Pestle ' and ' The Coxcomb ' (q.v.), and first performed at Drury Lane in August, 1711.— 'A City Ramble; or. The Humours of the Compter : ' a farce by Charles Knipe, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in June, 1715. City Shuffler (The). A play in two parts, performed at Salisbury Court, Lon- don, in 1633. City "Wit (The) ; or, The Woman wears the Breeches. A comedy in prose and verse, by Richard Brome (q.v.), printed in 1653. City Wives. A comedietta performed in New York in 1844. Civil War. A drama in four acts, adapted by Herman Merivale from Albert Delpit's ' Mdlle. de Bressier '(Ambigu, Paris, April 19), and produced at the CJaietv Theatre. London, on June 27, 1887, with Kyrle Bellew as Jacques Rosny, Mrs. Brown Potter as Faustine de Bressier, and other parts by J. Fernandez, Lewis Waller, Arthur Dacre, S. Brough, Miss Fanny Brough, Miss Amy Roselle, etc. Civilization. A play in five acts, founded by John H. Wilkins (q.v.) on Voltaire's ' Le Huron,' and first performed at the City of London Theatre, on November 10, 1852, with J. R. Anderson as Hercule (a supposed Huron), H. Rignold as Louis XIV., N. T. Hicks as M. Lascelles (secret agent), W. Searle as the AbU Gabriel, W. Travers as Victor Le Bel (his secretary), Miss Marian Lacy as Hortense, Miss F. Morant as Therese, etc. ; performed in New York in 1853, with J. Wallack, jun., as Hercule. The plot has to do with the love of Hercule and Hortense, whose union Lascelles tries hard to prevent. In the course of the play, Hercule says— "To hope Against despair— to trust against suspicion— To feel that woman, and her angel love, Are the true rectifiers of the world ; And that to her, and her alone, we owe The charm that makes our ruggedness a garden ; Yes, hand in hand must Truth and Honour walk. With Woman for the guide ! That's— Civilization ! " Civitatis Amor : the City's Love. "An entertainment by water, at Chelsea I CLACK CLANDESTINE MARRIAGE and Whitehall, at the joyful receiving " of Prince Charles at the latter place on Novem- ber 4, 1616; written by Thomas Middle- ton, printed in 1616, and reprinted in Nicholls's ' Progresses of King James.' Clack, Justice. A character in Brome's 'Jovial Crew' (q.v.). Claimant (The) ; or, The liost One Found. A drama by H. P. Grattan, Surrey Theatre, London, April 1, 1872. (2) ' Claimants : ' a comedy in one act, adapted by Hermann Vezin from Kotzebue and Schneider ; Assembly Rooms, Worthing, September 28, 1891 ; St. George's Hall, Lon- don, November 15, 1898. Claire. (1) A version, in four acts, of M. Georges Ohnet's novel, ' Le Maitre de Forges,' by Mrs. Bernhardt-Fischer, New Cross Public Hall, May 7, 1887. (2) A play adapted by Clara Morris (q.v.) from the ' Eva' of Richard Voss, and first performed in Omaha, U.S.A., in November, 1892 ; produced at the Fourteenth Street Theatre, New York, in April, 1894. Claire, Attalie. Vocalist and actress, born at Toronto ; made her entree as a con- cert-singer at the age of fourteen. Subse- quently she sang in opera, making her di^but in New York as Siehel in ' Faust ' (followed by Marguerite), and afterwards undertaking an engagement with the Boston ' Ideals.' Later on, she was heard in New York as 3tartha, as Carmen, and as Arline (in 'The Bohemian Girl '). She made her first appear- ance in London as the heroine of ' Captain Ther^se' (1890) ; after which came her Bet- sinda and Rosalba in 'The Rose and the Ring ' (1890), and her Annabel in ' Maid Marian ' (1891). In New York she played the heroine in ' La Cigale ' {q.v.). Returning to London in September, 1897, she repre- sented Gretchen in Leoni's ' Rip Van Winkle ' (q.v.). Claire de Beaupre. The heroine of PiNERO'S ' The Ironmaster ' (q.v.). Clairette. " Daughter of the Market " in 'La Fille de Mdme. Angot' (q.v.). Clairvoyant, Sir. A character in Tom Taylor's ' Prince Dorus' (q.v.). Clam. A drama in three acts, by C. H. Ross (q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, April 16, 1870. " Clam" is a nick- name of the heroine. Clamydes, Sir. See Clyomon, Sir. Clancarty, Lady. See Lady Clax- CARTY. Clancy, Michael. Physician and playwright, of Irish parentage ; author of three dramatic pieces—' Taraar, Prince of Nubia,' ' Hermon, Prince of Chorsea ' (printed 1746), and 'The Sharper' (printed 1750). In 1737 he lost his sight, and on April 2, 1744 (for his own benefit), appeared a-t Drury Lane (lent by the management) as Tiresias, the blind prophet in ' (Edipus.' This was claimed as the first instance of a blind man performing on the stage. Clandestine Marriag-e (The). . comedy in five acts, by George Colma (q.v.) and David Garrick (q.v.), first pe formed at Drurv Lane Theatre on Februav 20, 1766, with King as Lord Ogleby, Yate as Sterling, Powell as Lovewell, Holland g Sir John Melvil, Baddeley as Canton, Palmt as Brush, Love as Sergeant Flower, Lee ? Traverse, Aikin as Trueman, Mrs. Clive f Mrs. Heidelberg, Miss Pope as Miss Sterlin Mrs. Palmer as Faring Sterling, and Mr Abington as Betty (and Miss Crotchett in tl epilogue). [Garrick is reported to have sa to Cradock : "I know that you all take as granted that no one can excel, if he a, equal, King in Lord Ogleby, and he certain has great merit in the part ; but it is n MY Lord Ogleby."] The comedy was pe formed in New York in December, 176 with Hallam as Ogleby. It was revived Covent Garden in 1768, with Woodward Ogleby; at the same theatre in 1770, wi, Quick as Canton and Mrs. Mattocks Fanny ; at Drury Lane in 1775, with Baddel as Canton ; at the Haymarket in 1784, wi Parsons as Ogleby, INIiss Farren as Fam and Mrs. Bulkeley as Betty; at Cove 'Garden in 1789, with Quick as Sterlii Farren as Sir John, and Miss Brunton Fanny ; at Drury Lane in 1798, with Kemble as Loveivell, Wewitzer as Canti and Miss Mellon as Betty; at the sa theatre in 1802, with Miss Pope [by ro; command] as Mrs. Heidelberg, and in li; with Cherry as Ogleby, Bannister, jun., Brush, and Mrs. Young as Fanny ; at i Haymarket in 1806, with Fawcett as Ogl and Mrs. Glover as Miss Sterling ; at • Lyceum in 1810, with C. ]Mathews Ogleby, Dowton as Sterling, and Mrs. Ed' . as Fanny ; at Covent Garden in 1813, ■w. Terry as Ogleby, Blanchard as Sterli. Farley as Canton, and Mrs. Davenport i Mrs. Heidelberg ; at Drury Lane in 1817, v i Chatterley as Ogleby, Wallack as Loveu , Harley as Brush, Miss Kelly as Mrs. Hei ■ berg, "^Irs. Mardyn as Miss Sterling, I\. Bartley as Fanny, and Mrs. DavisoiH Betty ; at Covent Garden in 1818, v i Farren as Ogleby, Fawcett as Sterling, i INIrs. C. Kemble as Miss Sterling ['- Farren's Lord Ogleby drew great hous'" says Genest]; at Covent Garden in l', with Mrs. Glover as 3[rs. Heidelberg, I !• Walter Lacy as Fanny, Mrs. Nisbett as . '« Sterling, Mrs. Orger as Betsy, Cooper en ^ John, G. Bartley as Sterling, G. Vanden ff as Loveivell, and W. Farren as Ogleby t the Olympic Theatre, London, on Oct ;r 22, 1853, with Farren as Ogleby (the i- racter in which he took his farewell of le stage at the Haymarket, July 16, 1855 ■ « Sadler's Wells in September, 1857, h Phelps as Ogleby, H. Marston as Sir o ». F. Robinson as Loveivell, Belford as B. "■< Mrs. H. Marston as Mrs. Heidelberg, id Mrs. C. Young as Fanny ; at Wall ^ s Theatre, New York, in 1859, with Wale as Ogleby, Brougham as Canton, and L.er Wallack as Brush ; at the Princess's in J. 1871, with Phelps as Ogleby, J. B. Ho ra as Sir John, H. Standing as Lovewe JJ- CLAXRONALD 295 CLARISSA HARLOWE Charles as Brush, Miss R. Leclercq as Miss 'Sterling, INIrs. R. Power as Mrs. Heidelberg, and Miss E. Stuart as Fanny ; at the Gaiety in April, 1874, with Phelps as Ogleby, H. Vezin as Loveivell, C. Harcourt as Sir John, W, Maclean as Sterling, J. G. Taylor as Brush, R. Soutar as Canton, Mrs. H. Leigh ns Mrs. Heidelberg, Miss C. Loseby as Fanny, Miss A. Baldwin as Miss Sterling, and Miss E. Farren as the chambermaid ; at the Strand Theatre, London, May 7, 1887, with »W. Farren as Lord Ogleby, H. B. Conway as 'Sir J. Melvil, Reeves Smith as Loveivell, R. Soutar as Canton, M. Kinghorne as Brush ; at the Haymarket in March, 1903, with Cyril Maude as Lord Ogleby, A. Aynesworth as Melvil, C. M. Hallard as Loveivell, L. Rignold as Sterling, Eric Lewis as Canton, Mrs. C. Calvert as Mrs. Heidelberg, Miss B. Ferrar •as Miss Sterling, and Miss J. liateman as \Fanny. Hogarth's ' Marriage ii la Mode ' lis said to have suggested this comedy ; and it has been asserted that Lord Ogleby, Sterling, and Brush were taken bodily, with dialogue, but with changed names, from Townley's farce, ' False Concord ' iq.v.). " ' The Clandestine Marriage,' " says Hazlitt, "is nearly without a fault; and has some lighter theatrical graces which I suspect Garrick threw into it." The " mar- riage is that of Loveivell, a well-born ap- fprentice, with Fanny, the younger daughter (of the rich merchant. Sterling. Sir John is engaged to Miss Sterling, but loves her sister, whom Lord Ogleby is also fain to wed. Accident brings out the truth, and Lord Oglfby befriends the married lovers. Clapp, W. W. See Boston (U.S.A.). Claptrap. The name of characters in Douglas Jkrroi.d's ' Beau Xash ' {q.v.) and H. J. Byron's ' George de Barnwell' {q.v.). Clara. (1) Daughter of Gripe in Ox- WAY's ' Cheats of Scapin.' (2^ Daughter of Bon Guzman in Sheridan's ' Duenna' (q.v.). L3) Affianced to Octavio in Jephsou's 'Two (Strings to your Bow ' (q.v.). See Douglas, Clara. Clare, Lady. See L.ady Clare. Claremont. "The Barrister" in the idaptation from Augier so named (q.v.). ^ Clarence Clevedon, his Strugrgle :or Life or Death. A drama in three Lcts, by Edward Stirling, first performed -t the Victoria Theatre, London, on April ', 1849. Clari ; or, The Maid of Milan. An pera in three acts, written by J. Howard •ayne, composed by Sir Henry'Bishop (q.v.), nd first performed at Covent Garden on lay 8, 1823, with ^Nliss INIaria Tree as the eroine, Abbott as the Duke Vivaldi, Fawcett s Rolamo (a farmer, Clari's father), Keeley s &'e)-o7iio(a drunken actor), and other parts y Mrs. Vining, Miss Love, Pearman, Mea- ows, etc. The Duke has induced Clari, nder offer of marriage, to leave her home, 'he, howeyer, retains her innocence, and. warned by a play acted before her, escapes. The Duke thereupon repeats his promise which he now intends to keep, and Rolamo joins the lovers' hands. It is in this opera that the melody of ' Home, Sweet Home ' (q.v.) occurs. The work was played in New York in November, 1823, with Miss Johnson as Clari ; at Sadler's Wells in 1826, with Mrs. Fitzwilliam in the title part ; at the City of London Theatre in 1838, and at the Marylebone Theatre in 1854. Clari was played in America by Mrs. Duff. Clariana. Wife of Bellamente in Shir- ley's 'Love's Cruelty' (q.v.). Claribelle. A maidservant in E. FiTZ- ball's 'Robin Hood' (q.v.); figures also in BuRNAND's burlesque so named (q.v.). Clarice; or. Only a Woman. A drama, in a prologue and four acts, by Walter Browne and Frank Roberts, first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, November 17, 1886. Clarice. The heroine of W. S. Gilbert's ' Loaiedy and Tragedy' (q.v.). Claricilla. A tragi-comedy by Thomas KiLLlGREW (q.v.), acted at the Phcpnix in Drury Lane (circa 1636), and printed in 1641. Clarinda. (1) The heroine of Mrs. Centlivre's 'Beau's Duel' (q.v.). (2) A lively lady in Hoadley's ' Suspicious Hus- band ' (q.v.). (3) A character in Mrs, Pix's ' Adventures in Madrid ' (q.v.). Clarion, Shrill, in Coyne and Tal- FOURD's ' Leo tlie Terrible' (q.v.). Clarissa Harlowe. The heroine of Samuel Richardson's.famous story, of which there have been several adaptations : (1) " Clarissa ; or. The Fatal Seduction : ' a tra- gedy in prose by Robert Porret, founded on the novel by Samuel Richardson ; printed in 1788, but never acted. (2) ' Clarissa Harlowe : ' a comic burletta, first performed, with Mrs. Glover as Clarissa, at the Olympic Theatre, London, on January 3, 1831. [A French play in five acts, by Minaud, was performed at the Theatre Fran^ais on March 27, 1S33. This followed the novel closely in many respects, ending with Morden killing Lovelace over the dead body of Clarissa. ] (3) ' Clarissa Harlowe:' a tragic drama in three acts, adapted by T. H. Lacy and John Court- ney from a French version of Richardson's novel, by MM. Dumanoir, Guillard, and Clair- ville (Gymnase, Paris. 1842) ; first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on Sep- tember 28, 1846, with C. J. Mathews as Lovelace, Mrs. Stirling as Clarissa, Ryder as her father, James Vining as her brother ; produced at the City of London Theatre in October, 1846, with J. "Webster as Jjovelace and Mrs. R. Honner as Clarissa. This was probably the version produced in New York in 1856, with Miss Keene as Clarissa. (4) ' Clarissa : ' a dramatization by Dion Boucicault of Richardson's novel, first produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in September, 1878, with Misa CLARISSA 296 Rose Coghlan in the title part, and C. F. Coghlan as Lovelace. (5) ' Clarissa Har- lowe : ' a drama in five acts, adapted from Richardson by W. G. Wills, and first per- formed at the Theatre Royal, Birmingham, on December 16, 1889, with Miss Isabel Bateman as Clarigsa and Henry Vibart as Lovelace. (6) ' Clarissa : ' a play in four acts, adapted by Robert Buchanan from Richardson and the French play above named, and first performed at the Vaiidevile Theatre, London, on February 6, 1890, with :Miss Winifred Emery in the title part, T. B. Thalberg as Lovelace, T. Thorne as Bel- ford, Cyril Maude as Solmes, Miss Ella Banis- ter as Hetty, and other parts by Miss Lily Hanbury, F, Thorne, etc. Clarissa. (1) The heroine of ' Lionel and Clarissa' (q.v.). (2) Wife of Grijye in Van- brugh'S ' Confederacy. (3) Sister of Beverley in Murphy's ' All in the Wrong' (5. v.). Clarisse; or, Th.e Foster Sister. See Ernestine. Clarisse ; or, The Merchant's Daug-hter. A drama in three acts, by Edward Stirling, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on September 1, 1845, with Mdme. Celeste as the heroine, supported by Miss Woolgar, Miss Reynolds, U. Smith, Webster, Munyard, Wright, Paul Bedford, etc. Clark, Amos. See Amos Clark. Clark, Thornton. The nom-de- guerre adopted by 8. Murray Carson (q.v.) in collaborating as a playwright with Loui3 N. Parker (q.v.). Clark, "William. Actor, born 1816, died 1887 ; began life as a violinist, and made his histrionic debut at Weymouth in 1833. His first appearance in London was at the Surrey in 1837. In 1838 he joined the company at the Haymarket, with which lie remained connected for nearly four decades. He was in the original casts of 'The Balance of Comfort' (1854), 'Love's Martyrdom ' (1855), ' Victims ' (1857), ' An Unequal Match ' (1857), Talfourd's ' Electra' (1859), 'The Contested Election' (1859), 'The Overland Route' (1860), 'The Palace of Truth' (1870), etc. Clarke, Campbell. Dramatic writer ; author of ' Awaking ' (1872), ' Rose Michel ' (1875), 'Love and Honour' (1875) — all adapted from the French ; part-author (with Clement O'Neil) of an adaptation of ' Girofle-Girofld ' (1874); and translator of •The Sphinx '(1874). Clarke, C. A. Dramatic writer ; author of ' Cagliostro the Magician ' (1875), ' Current Cash ' (1886), ' Days of Terror ' (1891), ' Trust to Luck' (1891), 'Starting Price' (1894), etc. ; and part-author, with J. J. Hewson, of 'Noble Love' (1890), and, with H. R. Silva, of ' Men of Metal' (1890). See Cole- man, John. Clarke, Charles Cowden. Miscel- laneous A\Titer, born 1787, died 1877 ; was CLARKE the author of ' Shakespeare Characters, chiefly those Subordinate ' (1863). His wife' Mary Cowden Clarke(1S10-IS98), was the compiler of ' The Complete Concordance to Shakespeare ' (1845) and of ' Shakespeare Proverbs' (1848). She also wrote 'The Girlhood of Shakespeare's Heroines,' in fifteen tales (1851-2), and supervised an edition of 'The Works of Shakespeare' (1860). W^ith her husband, she edited ' The Plays of Shakespeare ' (1864), and produced ' The Shakespeare Key (unlocking the trea- sures of his style, elucidating the peculiari- ties of his construction, and displaying the beauties of his expression) ' (1879). See her autobiographical work, 'My Long Life' (1896). Clarke, Creston. Actor ; son of J. S. Clarke (q.v.) ; made his London debut in May, 1890, at the Vaudeville, as Hamlet in the closet scene. He played Orsino in ' Twelfth Night ' at Daly's, New York, in 1893. Clarke, Georg-e H. Actor; as a member of Augustin Daly's company, which he joined originally in 1869, appe'ared in. London in 1888 (at the Gaiety) as Grinnidge in 'The Railroad of Love,' and "a Lord" in the induction to ' The Taming of the Shrew ; ' in 1890 (at the Lyceum) as Holly- hock in ' Casting the Boomerang,* Jaques in • As You Like It,' and the young husband in ' A Woman's Won't ; ' in 1891 (at the Lyceum) as the Secretary in 'The Last Word ; ' in 1S93 (at Daly's) as Petruchio, Master Walter, Richard I. in 'The Foresters, and Joseph Surface ; in 1894 (at Daly's) as. Malvolio ; in 1895 (at Daly's) as the Duke o) Milanin ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona,' anc Theseus in ' A Midsummer Night's Dream. The following are some of the parts playec by George Clarke in New York -.—CharUi Courtly, Orlando, George D'Alroy, Wellbori (in 'A Way to Pay Old Debts') (1869) Honeyuwod in 'The Good-natured Man (1870) ; Flutter (in 'The Belle's Stratagem') Gold/inch (in 'The Road to Ruin'), youn< Mirabel (in 'The Inconstant'), Ford (ii the 'Merry Wives'), Charles Surface, anc Julio (in 'A Bold Stroke for a Husband'. (1872); Biro7i in 'Love's Labour's Lost. (1874); Captain Duretete in 'The IncoD stant ' (1889) ; and Yotmg Fashion in 'Mis. Hoyden's Husband ' (1890). Clarke, George Somers, B.D. Fe low of Trinity College, Oxford ; author c ' Q:dipus, King of Thebes,' a tragedy printed 1790. Clarke, Ham.ilton. Musical compose and orchestral conductor ; has written th music for ' Fairly Puzzled' (1884), 'Mates (1890), and other dramatic pieces ; also, inc dental music f or ' Nitocris ' (1887), etc., ove tures, and other works for the stage. Clarke, Henry Savile. Dramat writer and critic, born 1S41, died 189^, was author of the following pieces :- 'That Beautiful Biceps' (1876), *A Tale < a Telephone' (1880), 'The New Rip Vd CLARKE 297 CLARKE Winkle' (1880), 'The Phantom Cutlet ' (1880), 'A Lyrical Lover' (1881), 'An Adamless Eden,' libretto (18S2), ' Gillette,' libretto 1883), 'The Inventories' (1885), 'Hugger- Mugger,' and adaptations of ' Alice in Won- derland' (1886) and 'The Rose and the Ring' (1890); also, with L. H. F. du Ter- reaux, 'Love Wins' (1873) and 'A Fight w Life ' (1876) ; -with A. E. T. Watson, '■ rendarvon ' (1874) ; and, with L. C. Clifton, Another Drink' (1874)— all of which see. An Adamless Eden ' and 'A Lyrical Lover,' is well as two one-act pieces called ' Dolly' :ind 'A Little Flutter,' were published in 1892 in a volume entitled after the last- mmed piece. Savile Clarke contributed nany criticisms of the stage to the Ux- tminer, the Scotsman, the Theatre, Punch, )tc. Clarke, Holman. Actor; after ex- )erience as an amateur, began his pro- essional career in 1891 as member of a ouring company. He has since been in he original casts of ' Hypatia ' (1893), ' A Voman of No Importance' (1893), 'An Lnemy of the People ' (1893), ' The Tempter ' 1893), ' The Charlatan' (1894). ' Once Upon u Time ' (1894), 'A Bunch of Violets' (1894) [-all at the Haymarket. i Clarke, John. Actor, died 1879; seems have made liis first public appearance at he Strand Theatre in January, 1852, as 'faster To&j/in Wilkins's'Civihzation'(g.v.). le figuredlater in the year at Drury Lane ; .nd then went into the country, whence he eturned to the Strand in September, 1855. )uring his stay at that theatre (1855-1862) le was the first representative of the follow- ng (and other) parts -.—Ikey in L. Bucking- .am's ' Belphegor,' Varncy in Halliday's Kenilworth,' Isaac in 'The ]Maid and the riagpie,' Gaiters in ' The Bonnie Fishwife,' ieauseant in H. J. Byron's ' Lady of Lyons,' [lickster in Mayhew's ' Goose with the (rolden Eggs,' Gesler in Talfourd's * Tell,' 'iaron Balderdash in H. J. Byron's ' Cinde- jella,' Quasimodo in Byron's 'Esmeralda,' '^heophilus White in ' The Two Othellos,' Hzarro in L. Buckingham's burlesque, and saae of York in H. J. Byron's 'Ivanhoe.' rem the Strand he went to the St. James's, here he was the original Martha in Bur- and's 'Faust and Marguerite' (1864). 'ext came an engagement with Miss Marie t'ilton at the Prince of Wales's, where, in 565-66, he was the first interpreter of mina in H. J. Byron's ' La ! Sonnambula,' 'uhbly in 'War to the Knife,' Chodd,jun., 1 'Society,' Leporello in 'Little Don Gio- mni,' Pennythorne in ' £100,000,' Hicgh halcot in ' Ours,' Caspar in H. J. Byron's Der Freischutz,' and Juno in his 'Pan- ora's Box.' In 1867, at the Adelphi, Clarke as the original Tracey Toogood in ' A retful Porcupine,' and in 1868, at the lympic, the original Jem Sivain in ' Black heep.' At the Globe in 1868-70 he was le first Matthew Pincher in ' Cyril's Suc- 5SS,' and the original Judah Lazarus in Philomel,' besides playing Mould In ' Not such a Fool as he Looks.' At the Adelphi in 1872 he was Tracy Tidier in H. J. Byron's ' Mabel's Life.' Then came employment at the Criterion (1874-77), where his original parts included Screiv in 'An American Lady,' Pilkie in ' The Great Divorce Case,' and Brisket in ' Pink Dominos.' Clarke was also seen at the Globe in 1868-70 as Qiiilp in 'The Old Curiosity Shop' and Brown in ' Brown and the Brahmins,' at the Adelphi in 1875 as Uriah Heep in 'Little Em'ly,' and so forth. In 1873 he married Teresa Furtado (q.v.). See the JEra for February 23, 1879 ; also ' Mr. and Mrs. Bancroft on and off the Stage ' (1888). Clarke, Jolin H. Actor, born in Man- chester, 1788 ; died in New York, 1838 ; made his American debut in 1822, and be- came, says J. N. Ireland, "one of the most valuable stock actors known to our stage." His parts included Prospero, lago, Hubert, the Ghost in ' Hamlet,' Stukeie//, Joseph Surface, etc. His wife and three of hia daughters — Fanny, Rosetta, and Con- etantia— had some vogue as actresses. Clarke, J. I. O. See Heartsease and Klein, Charles. Clarke, John Sleeper. Actor, born at Baltimore, U.S.A., 1834 ; made his pro- fessional dibut in Augusc, 1852, at the Chestnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia, as Soto in ' She Would and She Would Not ' {q.v.). In 1854 he appeared successively in Baltimore and New York, and in 1855 went to the Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia, of which, in 1858, he became the joint lessee and manager. From 1862 to 1867 he was at the Winter Theatre, New York. He had, in 1865, joined Edwin Booth in the pur- chase of the Walnut Street Theatre, Phila- delphia, and in 1866 had undertaken the joint management of the Boston Theatre. He made his first appearance in London at the St. James's Theatre in October, 1867, as Major Wellington de Boots in ' The Widow- Hunt ' (otherwise ' Everybody's Friend,' re- vised for the occasion). This was followed by impersonations of Tyke in ' The School of Reform ' (St. James's, 1867), Salem Scud- der in ' The Octoroon ' (Princess's Theatre, 1868), and of Jack Gosling in ' Fox versus Goose,' Babington Jones in 'Among the Breakers,' Timothy Toodles in 'The Toodles,' and Dr. Pangloss in ' The Heir-at-Law ' — all at the Strand Theatre in 1868-70. In the last-named year he acted in the States. In July, 1876, he reappeared at the Strand Theatre as Dr. Pangloss, following this up in 1872 at the same theatre with Dr. Ollapod in ' The Poor Gentleman ' and Paul Pry in Poole's comedy. In the same year he became lessee of the Charing Cross Theatre, and ap- peared there as Bob Acres in ' The Rivals.' In 1874 came his Phineas Pettiephogge in ' The Thumbscrew ' at the Holborn Theatre. From the autumn of 1878 to the summer of 1879 he was lessee of the Haymarket Theatre, where he produced Albery's 'Crisis' and Wills's ' Ellen ' (afterwards ' Brag '), also figuring as Graves in ' Money,' etc. At th© CLARKE CLAUDIAN same house in 1S80 he was the original David Di)nple in 'Leap Year' {q.v.^. In 1SS2 he opened the new Strand Theatre, appearing as the original Pierre Coquillard in 'Frolique' {q.v.), and as Beetles in Tom Taylor's ' Eloped' {q.v.). In 18S3 he revived there 'The Comedy of Errors,' with himself as Dromio of Syracuse. At the Avenue in 1884 he was the original Peter Patten in * Just in Time,' and in 1885, at the Strand, ■was the first representative of the title part in 'Cousin Johnny' {q.v.). See 'Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and America,' Pascoe's 'Dramatic List' (1880), and 'Dra- matic Notes' (1879, et neq.). See, also, Clarke, Creston and Wilfrid. Clarke, Mary Cowden. See Clarke, Charles Cowden. Clarke, Matthew. Actor; was em- ployed at Covent Garden, on and off, from 1755 to 1783, and was the original Sir William Honeiiwood in ' The Good-natured Man' {q.v.). Genest says of him that, " tho' not a great actor, he was a very respectable one. His best character was Henry VIII." See ' English Stage ' (1832). Clarke, Mrs. Asia Booth. Daughter of Edwin iJooth {q.v.), and wife of John S. Clarke {q.v.) ; born 1838, died 1888 ; author of 'The Booths.' Clarke, Richard. Vocalist and actor ; was the original Claude in 'The Castle of Como ' (1889), and the first representative in America of Marco in ' The Gondoliers ' (1890). He was Piquillo in ' La Perichole ' at the Garrick Theatre, London, in 1897. He is the author of a one-act piece called 'A Matrimonial Advertisement ' (1895). Clarke, Stephen. Author of two dramas called ' The Poison Tree ' and ' The Torrid Zone,' both printed in 1809. Clarke, Wilfrid. Actor, born 1867, at Philadelphia; son of J. S. Clarke (?. v.) ; made his professional debut at the Strand Theatre, London, in 1885, in 'Nicholas Nickleby.' After experience in London and the English provinces, he sailed in 1888 for the States, where he Avas engaged first by Miss Julia Marlowe to play Touchstone, Agtiecheck, etc., and next by Edwin Booth and Laurence Barrett as leading comedian. In 1890 he began his career as a " star," appearing on tour as To7iy Lumpkin, Bob Acres, etc. In August and September, 1895, he figured at the Strand Theatre, London, in his own farcical play, ' New York Divorce ' {Paul Roach), and in his father's one-act piece, ' A Youngster's Adventure ' {Kit Curtis). Claude, Ang-elina. Actress ; was a member of the Strand Theatre company from April, 1873, to August, 1876, during which period she was the first representa- tive of Rosalie Roinpanneau in ' Nemesis,' Seraphin in ' El Dorado,' Bagatelle in ' Loo, and the Party who took Miss,' Flor-Fin in ' Intimidad,' Allserina in ' Flamingo,' Mdlle. Flo in • Antarctic,' Lady Vapid in ' Cracked Heads,' and Selika in Burnand's ' L'Afri- caine,' besides figuring in revivals of ' The Field of the Cloth of Gold ' {Darnley) and ' Patient Penelope.' Claude Du Val. This famous high- wayman has been the central figure of the following dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Claude Duval, the Ladies' Highwayman : ' a farce in one act, by T, P. Taylor, City of London Theatre, May 8, 1842, with Miss Ellen Daly as Claude. (2) ' Claude Du Val : ' a play by W. T. MONCRIEFF, revived at the Mary- lebone Theatre in IMay, 1863. (3) ' Claude Duval ; or, The Highwayman for the Ladies : a burlesque by F C. Burnakd {q.v.), first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London. January 23, 1869, with Miss INI. Oliver as Claude, Miss Charlotte Saunders as Loro Ronald, F. Dewar as Jacob Kidd, J. Danvers as Mabel, P Day as Ikey, and other parts bj INIiss N, Bromley, Miss K. Bishop, and Mis; C. Thompson (4) ' Claude Duval ; or, Lov( and Larceny :' a romantic and comic opera by H. P. Stephens {q.v.) and Edward So lomon {q.v), first performed at the Olympi. Theatre, London, on August 24, ISSl, witl F. H. Celli in the title part, G. Power a Charles Lorrimore, Arthur Williams as Si Whiffie Whaffle, Fred Solomon as Bloodret Bill, Miss Marian Hood as Constance, Mis Edith Blande as Rose, Miss Harriet Covene; as Mistress Betty. (5) 'Claude Duval:' burlesque in two acts, by Frederici BowYER and "Payne Nunn," music b John Crook and Lionel Monckton, first per formed at the Prince's Theatre, Bristo July 23, 1894, with A. Roberts in the titi part, and other roles by Eric Thorne, H. C Clarey, C. E. Stevens, Miss F. Schubert! etc. ; ' produced at the Prince of Wales Theatre, London, September 25, 1894.- Claude Duval figures in W. T. ToWNSEND ' Whitefriars* {q.v.). Claudia's Choice. A play in verse b Ross Neil {q.v.), performed in 1883. Claudian. A play in a prologue ar four acts, constructed by Henry Herma {q.v.), and written by W. G. Wills {q.v. first performed at the Princess's Theatr London, on December 6, 1883, with Wils(. Barrett in the title part, W. Speakman ; Agazil, E. S. Willard as the Holy Clemer C. Hudson as Thoriogalus, F. Cooper ; Theorus, Clifford Cooper as Alcares, Geor Barrett as Belos, Miss Eastlake as Almid Miss Emmeline Ormsby as Serena, Miss 1 Dickens as Hera, and other roles by Nevi] Doone, Mrs. Huntley, etc. ; revived at t Princess's in 1889, with W. Barrett and M: Eastlake in their original parts. Miss Ali Belmore as Serena, and A. Melford Clement ; at the Metropole, Camberwell, 1899, with W. Barrett as Claudian and M Maud Jeffries as Almida. Wilson Barn, has "starred" as Claudian both in t English provinces and in the United Stat In the former Claudian has been played Leonard Boyne, the Holy Clement by Dewhurst, Agazil by D'Esterre Guinne CLAUDINE 299 CLAYTON Thoriogalus by J. Mclntyre, Almida by Misses C. Grahame and L. Linden, Serena by Miss Maggie Hunt. See Paw Clawdian. Olaudine. (1) The village belle in ' The JMiller and his Men' {q.v.), and the bur- flesqnes founded on it. (2) A character in '*La Fille du Tambour Major ' {q.v.). Olaudine; or, The Basket Maker. A burletta by Charles Dibdin, jun., acted at Sadler's Wells and printed in ISOl. Claudio, in 'Much Ado About Nothing' iq.v.), is a young lord of Florence, who p'hath borne himself beyond the promise loi his age." (2) Claudio, in 'Measure for Measure,' is the brother of Isabella and the tieducer of Juliet. Claudius. The king in ' Hamlet ' (q.v.). Claudius, Appius. See Appius. : Clause, in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Beggar's Bush' (q.v.), is the father of ^Goswin (q.v.). Claverhouse, G-rahain of, figures in Falconer's ' Bonnie Dundee ' (q.v.). Clavig-o. An English translation of this tragedy by Goethe was published in 1798. Claxton, Kate, actress, appeared at 'the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in ;1870-72, as Sebastia^i in 'Twelfth Night,' I'frusty in ' The Provoked Husband,' Mar- U;ella in ' A Bold Stroke for a Husband,' \Kate Bocket in 'Old Heads and Young (Hearts,' Jo in 'Man and Wife,' Inicille in IBoucicault's 'Jezebel,' and Genevieve in '* The Baroness.' Clay. A brickmaker in Murray's ' Dia- mond Cut Diamond ' (q.v.). Clay, Cecil. See Pantomime Re- hearsal and Yokes, Rosina. Clay, Frederick. Musical composer, born 1839, died 1889 ; pupil of Molique and Hauptmann ; wrote the music of the follow- ing operas and operettas :— ' The Pirate's Isle ' (1859), * Out of Sight ' (1860), ' Court ,and Cottage' (1862), 'Constance* (1865), 'The Bold Recruit' (1S68), 'Ages Ago' (1869), 'The Gentleman in Black' (1870), •In Possession' (1871), 'Happy Arcadia' (1872), 'Cattarina' (1874). 'Don Quixote' (1875), ' Princess Toto ' (1875), ' The Merry iDuchess' (1883), 'The Golden Ring' (1883). He also wrote incidental music for 'Twelfth Night' and Albery's 'Oriana.' Claychester Scandal (The). A co- medy m four acts, Theatre Royal, Colchester, December 9, 1898 ; revised and re-produced, iunder the title of ' Intruders,' at the The- atre Royal, Worcester, January 16, 1899, with a cast including Miss Fanny Brough, fJ- G. Taylor, Rudge Harding, C W. Gar- Ithorne, C. Douglas Cox, IMiss Jessie Robert- !6on, Miss Maud Abbott, and Miss Dorothy Hammond. Clayo, Pipo de. See Pipo de Clayo. Clayshire, Earl of, in Conway Ed- WAHDES' 'Long Odds' (q.v.). Clayton, Estelle. American play- wright ; author , of ' F^avette,' ' A Gentle Savage,' 'A Sad Coquette,' etc. Clayton, John [John Alfred Clayton Calthrop]. Actor, born at Gosperton, Lincolnshire, February, 1845 ; died Feb- ruary, 1888 ; acted succe.ssfully as an ama- teur, and made his professional debut at the St. James's Theatre, London, in Feb- ruary, 1866, as Hastings in 'She Stoops to Conquer.' After this he was the first representative of the following cha- racters :—CoZ/iei/ //a«c/i in 'He's a Lunatic' (1867), Landry Barbeau in 'The Grass- hopper' (1867), Kedgely in 'Dearer than Life ' (1868), Monks in Oxenford's ' Oliver Twist' (1868), Medlicott in 'Time and the Hour' 1868), Earl Mount-Fevcrcourt in 'Dreams' (1869), Young Calthorpe in 'An Old Score' (1869), Vaubert in 'A Life Chase' (1869), Joe Lenyiard in 'Uncle Dick's Dar- ling ' (1869), J aggers in ' Great Expectations ' (1870), Jormell in 'Coals of Fire' (1870), Captain Boodle in ' On Guard ' (1871), Victor Tremaine in 'Awaking' (1872), Juan de Mirafiore in ' Philip' (1873), George de Cha- vannes in ' Lady Flora ' (1873), Hugh Trevor in 'All for Her' (1875), Os^) in 'The Dani- scheffs'(1877), and Henry Beauclerc in 'Diplo- macy • (1878). In 1879 he fulfilled an engage- ment at Booth's Theatre, New York, where he was in the original cast of ' Rescued * (q.v.), and was also seen as Nemours in ' Louis XL' Returning to England, he was the original interpreter, successively, of Bobert Dudley in Wingtield's ' Mary Stuart ' (1880), Sir George Fallow in ' Good Fortune' (1880), and Hugh Kelson-Derrick in ' Coralie ' (ISSl). In September, 1881, he became co- manager Avith Arthur Cecil of the Court Tlieatre, where he was the first representa- tive of Baoul de Latottr in ' Honour ' (1881), Max Engelhardt in 'Mimi' (1881), Hartley Venn in 'My Little Girl' (1882), Chiff in 'The Manager' (1882), the Hon. Charles Tracy in 'The Parvenu' (1882), Geyieral Dexter in 'Comrades' (1882), the Bev. Humphrey Sharland in ' The Rector' (1883), Bobert Streightley in 'The Millionaire' (1883), LeiL'is Long in 'Margery's Lovers' (1884), the Due de Chevreuse in ' Devotion ' (1884), Sir John Cartaret in ' The Opal Ring' (1885), Colonel Lukyn in 'The Magistrate' (1885), Admiral Bankling in 'The School- mistress' (18S6), and the Dean of St. MarvelVs in ' Dandy Dick ' (1887). Other parts played by him in London from time to time in- cluded Joseph Surface (Vaudeville, 1872), Louis XIII. in ' Richelieu ' (Lyceum, 1873), Cromicell in Wills's 'Charles I.' (1874), the brothers Dei Franchi in ' The Corsican Brothers' (1876), D'Alroy in ' Caste' (Prince of Wales's, 1879), Sir Horace Welby in ' Forget Me Not' (Prince of Wales's, 1880), Harold Boycott in ' The INIonev-spinner ' (St. James's, 1881), Ledger, M.P. in'' The Parvenu ' (Court, 1882), Sir Jasper Combe in ' Dan'l Druce ' iL CLAYTOX CLEOX ^Court, 1SS4), the Chevalier Broivne in ' Play ' 'court, 18S4), John Goring in 'The Den- hams ' (Court, 1885), etc. Clayton, Thomas, musician (circa 1692-1730), promoted, with N. F. Haym and C. Dieupart, a series of opera performances at Drury Lane Theatre— the first (1705) being that of 'Arsinoe, Queen of Cyprus' (g.i\), for which Clayton had compiled the score from various foreign sources. Later (1707) came Addison's 'Rosamond' (g.v.). of which Clayton composed the music. The enterprise ended in 1711. An anony- mous contemporary suggested that Clayton " made the worst musick in all the world." Oleander. A tragedy acted before the Queen at Blackfriars in 1634, and licensed in Mav, 1637, as "by PHILIP Massinger." See Lovers Progress, The. Cleanthe. (1) Sister of Siphax in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Mad Lover' iq.v.). (2) Cleanthe, in Talfourd's 'Ion' iq.v.), is the lady beloved by the hero. Cleanthes, in 'The Old Law' {q.v.), is the son of Leonides. Clear Ahead. A drama in four acts, by C. A. Clarke ('/.r.). first performed at the Theatre Royal, Oldham, August 3, 1S85. Clear Case (A). A farce in one act, by Gilbert Abbott a Beckett {q.v.), first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, with C. Selby and Mrs. Selby in the cast ; performed in New York in March, 1849. Cleft Stick (A). A comedy in three acts, by John Oxenford (g.r.), founded on Grangier and Thiboust's ' Supplice d'un Homme,' and first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on November 7, 1865, by F. Younge, H. Wigan, Mrs. Stephens, etc. See Member for Slocum. Cleland, John. Miscellaneous writer, born 1707, died 17S9; author of three dra- matic pieces—' Titus Vespasian' (1755), ' The Ladies' Subscription ' (1755), and ' Tombo- Chiqui ' (1758). Clemanthe. The heroine of Tal- fourd's 'Ion' iq.v.). Clemenceau Case (The). A play by "William Fleron, adapted from 'L' Affaire Clemenceau ' of Dumas fiU and Armand D'Artois (Paris, Varietes, 1880), and first performed at the s^tandard Theatre, New York, on January 25, 1890. Clemens, Samuel. See Twain, Mark. Clement, The Holy, figures in Her- man and WiLLS's ' Claudian' {q.v.). — Justice Clement is a character in ' Every Man in his Humour' {q-v.). Clementina. A tragedy by Hugh Kelly {q.v.), acted at Covent Garden in February, 1771, with Mrs. Yates as the heroine. " A gentleman being asked, after one of the representations of this play, if he did not hiss it, replied, ' How could I ? A man can't hiss and yawn at the same time ' " (' Biographia Dramatica '). (2) ^ farce by Edward Moncrieffe, Surrey Theatre, September 5, 1892. Clementina. Maid-of -all-work in W. Brough's 'Apartments' {q.v.). Clements, Arthur. Dramatic writer ; author of ' Dan'l Tra-Duced, Tinker,' bur- lesque (1876), 'The Telephone '(1878), 'Two Photographs ' (1884), ' The Two Blinds,' ' Two to One,' etc. ; and part-author, with R. Soutar, of 'Jack and Jill,' pantomiine (1874), and, -nith F. Hay, of ' Cracked Heads,' burlesque (1876). Clench. (1) Zachary, Saul, and Tdbitha ', Clench are characters in Oxenford's ' Uncle Zachary' (q.v.). (2) Jo-'^iah, Mrs., andJfa&ei Clench figure in H. J. Byron's ' The Girls' ' iq.v.). I Clench and "Wrench. A farce, per- ' formed at the Bijou Theatre, Bayswater, June 7, 1879. Cleombrotus. A character in Mrs. Cowley's ' Fall of Sparta' {q.v.). Cleomenes. A Sicilian lord in 'The ■ Winter's Tale '(5-. f.). Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero. A ' tragedy by John Dryden, first performed ' at the" Theatre Royal in May, 1692, with ; Betterton as Cleomenes, Alexander as ' Ptolemy (King of Egypt), Sandford as Sosy- ■ hius (his first minister), Mrs. Barry as Cas- ' Sandra (his mistress), Mrs. Bracegirdle as ■ Cleora (second wife to Cleomenes), Mrs. Betterton as Cratesiclea (his mother), Mount- fort as Cleanthes (his friend), and Kynaston as Pantheus. The scene is Alexandria. Cassandra falls in love with Cleomenes, and in the absence of Ptolemy confesses her pas- sion, to which Cleomenes does not respond. He is thereupon imprisoned and nearly starved. He and Cleanthes incite the Alexandrians to revolt, but the attempt i2L.\\s, a,rni Cleayxthes and Cleomenes kiU one another. "The additions which Dryden has made to the real story are chiefly the scene in which the Spartans are nearly starved, the love of Cassandra for Cleo- menes, the whole character of Cleora, and nearly the whole of Cleanthes" (Genest). ■ In his preface to the play as printed Dryden wrote : " Mrs. Barry has in this tragedy ex- celled herself, and gained a reputation beyond any woman whom I have ever seen in the theatre.' The play was revived at Covent Garden in August, 1721, with MUls as the hero and Mrs. Thurmond as Cas- sandra. " Part of the fifth act of this play was written by Thomas Southerne, to whom Dryden, in consequence of an illness, had entrusted its completion and revision" (A. W. Ward). Cleon. Governor of Tarsus, in 'Peri- cles, Prince of Tyre ' {q.v.). Cleon; or, Clean out of Sight, out. of Mind. A musical drollery by A. Maltby, Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, March 23, 1874. CLEONE CLIFFORD Cleone. A tragedy in five acts, by Robert DODSLEY {q.v.), first performed at fCovent Garden on December 2, 1758, with iMrs. Bellamy in the title part. Garrick "had refused the play, but Mrs. Bellamy's acting made it a success. " People," -wTites Gray to Mason, "who despised 'Cleone' in manuscript, went to see it, and confess 'they cried so !'" "An imperfect hint to- wards the fable of this tragedy was taken," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' " from the ' Legend of St. Genevieve,' written originally in French, and translated into English in the seventeenth century by Sir William Lower. Mr. Pope had attempted in his very sarly youth a tragedy on the same subject which he afterwards destroyed." Cleonice, Princess of Bithynia. A tragedy by John Hoole, first performed at Covent Garden in INIarch, 1775, with Mrs. Hartley as the heroine. Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, besides Sguring in Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.), Sedley's tragedy of that iname (q.v.), Dryden's ' All for Love' (q.v.), SHAW'S 'Caesar and Cleopatra' (q.v.) and ;' Great Caesar' (bi>rlesque) (q.v.), is the :entral figure in other plays, to which she yives her name : (1) ' Cleopatra : ' a tragedy by Samuel Daniel, based on the narrative [by Plutarch, and printed first in 1594, and, jigain, with alterations, in 1623. "It seems inot to have been acted, and it is very unfit for representation, many of the speeches being of an enormous length. . . . The merit of it consists chiefly in the language. [t is deficient in action. Even the death 3f Cleopatra is related by a messenger" [Genest). The story begins after the death pf Antony, "and the imagination," says A. W. Ward, " is touched by the grandiose lisolation of the opening situation, where ohe Queen is discerned alone in the Monu- nent, face to face with her destiny." (2) Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt, her Tragedy,' 3y Thomas May, acted in 16-26, and printed .n 1639. "The play begins before the open •upture between Octavins Caesar and Intony. ... In the fourth act Cleopatra yavers between Caesar and Antony. In the ifth, Antony stabs himself. . . . Cleopatra inters in robes of state. Antony's hearse s brought in. She applies the asp " Genest). (3) ' Cleopatra : ' an adaptation by a. Rider Haggard of his story so named, )roduced at the Windsor Theatre, New iTork, in March, 1891 ; it had been per- ormed originally at Louisville in Septem- ber, 1890, under the name of ' Harmachio ' ?•«•). (4) 'Cleopatra:' a play translated rem the French of Emile INIoreau and /ictorien Sardou (Porte St. Martin, Paris, Jctober, 1890), and first performed at the nfth Avenue Theatre, New York. — Of )hakespeare's Cleojmtra Hazlitt says that ler character "is a masterpiece. . . . She s voluptuous, ostentatious, conscious, boast- ul of her charms, haughty, tyrannical, ickle. . . . Cleopatra's whole character is ne trmmph of the voluptuous, of the love of pleasure and the power of giving it, over every other consideration." See jMdlle. Cleopatra. Cleopatra. A farcical comedy in three acts, adapted by Arthur Shirley (q.v.) from 'Les Amours de CleopAtre,' and first performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre, London, on the afternoon of June 25, 1891, with Miss Maud Milton, Fred Mervin, and Scott Buist in the principal parts. See Mdlle. Cleopatra. Cleopatra, in C. Selby's ' Antony and Cleopatra' (7.?;.), is a grisette. "Cleopatra's majesty."— 'As You Like It,' act iii. sc. 2. Cleremont. Friend of Dinant in Beau- mont and Fletcher's 'Little French Lawyer ' (q.v.). Clergryman's Daughter (The). See My Girl. Clerical Error (A). A comedietta in one act, by Henry Arthur Jones (q.v.), first performed at the Court Theatre, London, on October 13, 1879, with Wilson Barrett as the vicar, G. W. Anson as the butler, and Arthur Dacre and Miss Winifred Emery as a couple of lovers. Clerice, Justin. See Coquette and Royal Star. Clerk of Clerkenwell (The); or, The Three Black Bottles. A romantic drama in two acts, by George Almar, Sadler's Wells Theatre, February 3, 1834, with a cast including the author, R. Hon- ner, C. J. Smith, etc. Clerk of the Weather (The). A fantastic comedy in three acts, by Kate Osborne and Agatha Hodgson, Aquarium Theatre, Brighton, February 26, 1894. Clerke, "William. Author of ' Mar- ciano ; or, The Discovery,' a tragi-comedy, acted in Edinburgh and printed in 1663. Clermont, Madame, in Dimond's 'Adrian and Orilla' (^.y.), is the name as- sumed by Matilda. (2) Lady Charlotte Cler- mont is the heroine of G. Abbott a. Beckett's 'Artist's Wife' (q.v.). Cleveland, Miss. See Stirling, Mrs. Arthur. Clever, Mrs. A character in Rowe's •Biter' (q.v.). (2) Clever, in Sheridan Knowles'S ' Woman's Wit' (^.t;.), is Hero's man-servant. Clever Capture (A). A comedietta by Mark Melford, Theatre Roval, York, March 7, 1890. Clever Sir Jacob. See Out of the Frying-Pan. Clicquot. Count of Champagne in Far- nie's 'Champagne' (q.v.). Clifford, Martin, Master of the Charterhouse (1671-77), is said to have had a hand in the composition of 'The Re- hearsal' (q.v.). CLIFFORD 802 CLIVE Clifford, Mrs. William. Actress, bom 1791, died 1S50 ; daughter of a Bath physician ; married an officer in the army, and after his death (1S14) went on the stage. "There is good evidence," says her grand- son, Clifford Harrison, " that her capability as an actress was of no mean order. She acted with Edmund Kean, with Mrs. Sid- dons, with the Kembles, and with Mac- ready ; and in later years she was a member of the Haymarket Theatre, in the days of the elder 'Farren and Mrs. Glover. She was in the original cast of 'The Lady of Lyons,' in which play. Lady Martin has told me, she was really admirable, raising the small part she was assigned {Madame Des- chapelles) to distinction by the excellence of her acting. John Kemble said she was the Unest Lady Macbeth, 'after Sarah Siddons,' that he had ever seen. And Sir Walter Scott, who was present once in the Edinburgh Theatre when she was acting in ' Guy Man- nering,' was so excited and pleased with her performance that he exclaimed, ' WhUst that woman lives Meg Merrilies will never die : ' " (' Stray Records,' 1S92). See the JSra for September 15, 1S50.— Mrs. Clifford's daughter Ellen was on the stage for a short time before her marriage with William Har- rison, the well-known vocalist (q.v.). See Fanny Kemble's ' Records of my Girlhood.' Clifford, Mrs. W. K. Novelist and dramatic writer ; author of ' A Honeymoon Tragedy' (1896), 'A Supreme Moment' (1S99), 'The Likeness of the Night' (1900\ 'A Long Duel '(1901), 'The Search Light' (1902); author, jilso, with W. H. Pollock Iq.v.). of 'An Interlude' (produced in 1893). Clifford, Paul. See Paul Clifford. Clifford, Rosamond. See Rosamond, Clifford, Mr., in Burgoyne's ' Heiress' (q.v.), is in love with Lady Emily GayviUe. (2) Clifford is a character in Pye's 'Ade- laide' iq.v.). (3) Sir Thomas Clifford, in Sheridan Knowles's 'The Hunchback' {q.v.), is betrothed to Julia. Climbing- Boy (The); or, The Little Sweep. A comic drama in three acts, by R. B. Peake, first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, July 13, 1S32, with Miss Henderson in the title part, and other roles by Bartley, John Reeve. F. Matthews, Mrs. C. Jones, Miss H. Cawse, etc. ; per- formed in New York in 1835. Clinch., Lawrence. Actor ; born in Dublin : played the title part in ' Alexander the Great' at Drury Lane in 1772. He suc- ceeded John Lee in the representation of Sir Lucius 0' Trigger in ' The Rivals' (1775) ; and, later in that year, was the original Lieut. Connor in Sheridan's ' St. Patrick's Day ; or. The Scheming Lieutenant ' {q.v.). Clincher. Father and son in Farqu- HAR's ' Constant Couple ' (q.v.). Clinker, Humphrey. See HUM- puuEY Clinker. Clio. A play in five acts, by Bartlet Campbell {q.v.), first performed at the Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, i August 14, 18S5 ; first performed in America I at Niblo's Gardens, New York, on August 17, 1885. j Clito. A tragedy in five acts, by Sydney Grundy (q.v.) and Wilson Barrett {q.v.), j first performed at the Princess's Theatre on ' May 1, 18S6, with Wilson Barrett in the title part. Miss Eastlake as Helle, E. S. Willard as Glaucias, and other parts by C. Hudson, A. Melford, J. H. Clyndes, C. Fulton, S. Murray Carson, Miss Carrie Coote, Miss Alice Belmore, etc. Clive, Catherine. Actress and voca- list, born 1711, died 1785 ; daughter of William Raftor, an Irish lawyer of good j family but small means. It was no doubt j because her father had lost his property I through adhering to James 11. that " Kitty," whose education apparently was neglected, drifted on to the stage. Through the gooci offices of Theophilus Cibber and of Chet- wood — who says that she "had a facetious turn of humour and infinite spirits, with a. voice and manner in singing songs of plea- santry peculiar to herself" — she attracted the attention of Colley Cibber, who, in 1728, engaged her for Drury Lane, her first appearance being made as Ismenes (the page) in ' Mithridates' {q.v.). Her first "original" part was that of Phillida in Gibber's ' Love in a Riddle ' (q.v.), in which (1729) she made a marked success both as singer and as actress. At Drury Lane she remained till 1743, figuring there as the first representative of Sell in ' The Devil to Pay,' Lappet in 'The Miser,' Lettice in 'The In- triguing Chambermaid,' Bessy in Dodsley'a • Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green,' and many other characters, and being seen, also, as, Miss Prue, Polly Peachum, Flippanta (in ' The Confederacy '), Miss Hoyden (in ' The Country Wife'), Lady Fanciful {in 'The Pro- voked Wife'), Lady Froth (in 'The Double Dealer'), 3[rs. Brittle (in 'The Amorous ^Vidovr '), Millamaiit (in 'The Way of the World'), etc. During this engagement she also essayed Desdemona, Celia, Olivia ('Twelfth Night'), and Po/tia (' Merchant' of Venice '), playing the last (it is said) w a vein of broad comedy. In 1733 she bad married George Clive, a barrister, and second cousin of the famous soldier-states . man, and thereafter acted as " Mrs. Clive.'' The union, however, was not happy, and, was soon dissolved. In 1742 Mrs. Cliv( sang the music of Delilah at the first per . formance of Handel's ' Samson.' Garrick becoming lessee of Drury Lane in 1746; at once secured her for that theatre, t( which she attached herself until she re; tired from the stage in 1769. In the courst of those twenty-three years she was the original Lady Itiot in the altered 'Lethe. {q.v.), Mrs. Cadwallader in 'The Author, Slipslop in 'The Upholsterer,' Lucy in "Th.' Guardian,' Kitty in 'High Life Belov Stairs,' Muslin in • The Way to Keep Him, CLOACINA 303 CLOCKWORK Ladij Freelove in ' The Jealous Wife,' Widmo Blackacre in the altered ' Plain Dealer ' Iq.v.), Mrs. Heidelberg in ' The Clandestine iMarriage,' and Lady Fuz in ' Peep behintl •the Curtain.' Within the same period she appeared as Lady Wronghead (in ' The Pro- poked Husband '), Bisarre (in ' The Incon- stant'), Mrs. Frail (in 'Love for Love'), Katherine (in ' Katherine and Petruchio '), Lady Wishful (in ' The Way of the World '), 3tc. After her retirement she lived at jStrawberry Hill in a house presented to her Iby Horace Walpole. It was there that she !3ied. Dr. Johnson declared that she was "the best player he ever saw" ('Tour in the Hebrides'). " Mrs. Clive in the spright- iiness of humour," he said, "I have never seen equalled. What Clive did best she iid better than Garrick. . . . She was a setter romp thin any I ever saw in nature." Groldsmith averred that "she had more ;rue humour than any actor or actress on :he English or any other stage he had 5een " (' The Bee '). Fielding wrote that ihe had brought "the greatest genius for icting on the stage." Churchill, in ' The Sosciad ' (1761), says— " First giggling, plotting chambermaids arrive. Hoydens and romps led on by General Clive, In spite of outward blemishes she shone. For humour fam d, and humour all her own. Easy, as if at home, the stage she trod. Nor sought the critic's praise, nor fear'd his rod. Original in spirit and in ta^e. She pleas'd by hiding all attempts to please. No comic actress ever yet could raise On humour's base more merit or more praise." Horace Walpole wrote, for an urn erected jjy him in the shrubbery of the house he j;ave her, the following lines : — I " Ye smiles and jests, still hover round ; This is mirth's consecrated ground. Here livd the laughter-loving dame— A matchless actress, Clive her name ; The Comic Mujc with her retir'd. And shed a tear when she expir'd." »Irs. Clive v\Tote the following dramatic iketches :— ' The Rehearsal; or. Boys in Petticoats' (in which she herself played Mrs. Hazard) (1753), ' Every Woman in her aumour' (1760), '.Sketch of a Fine Lady's ieturn from a Rout' (1763), and 'The Mthful Irishman' (1765). See C. Cibber's Apology' (1740), Chetwood's 'History of he Stage ' (1749), Victor's ' History of the Theatres ' (1761-71), ' The Dramatic Censor ' 1770), Davies' 'Life of Garrick' (1780), .Vilkinson's ' Memoirs ' (1790), Genest's English Stage ' (1832), Sir Theodore Martin n the ' Dictionary of National Biography ' 1887), and 'The Life of Mrs. Catherine ::iive,' by Percy Fitzgerald (18SS).— Kitty 'Jlive is one of the chai-actei's in Tom Taylor's Masks and Faces' (q.v.), and gives the title .0 a one-act play by F. Frankfort Moore, see Kitty Clive. Cloacina. A " comi-tragedy," published monymously in 1775, and attributed by the Biographia Dramatica ' to Henry :Man. ' ' It contains some pleasant satire on the caprice )f managers, and tlie bad taste displayed by )ur modern writers of tragedy." See Genest. Cloches de Corneville (lies). A comic opera, libretto (in four acts), by MM. Clairville and Babet, music by R. Plan- quette (Folies Dramatiques, Paris, April, 1877); first performed in England, with English libretto (in three acts) by H. B. Farnie and R. Reece, at the Folly Theatre^ London, on February 23, 1878, with Miss V. Cameron as Germaine, Miss K. Munroe as Serpolette, John Howson as the Marquis de Corneville, Sheil Barry as Gaspard, W. J. Hill as the Bailie of Corneville, Charles Ashford as Goho, and Loredan as Grenicheux ; transferred in August, 1878, to the Globe Theatre, with Miss Cora Stuart as Germaine, Miss Emma Chambers as Serpolette, F. Mervin as the Marquis, W. H. Woodfield a.s Grenicheux, and S. Barry, W. J. Hill, and C. Ashford in their original parts ; later, at the same theatre. Miss L. St. Quentin Avas the Serpolette and H. Paulton the Bailie. Revivecl at the Folly Theatre, London, in 1878, with Miss F. St. John as Germaine, the piece had passed its five hundredth night on September 6, 1879, when Barry was still the Miser, with Ashford the Goho, E. Righton as the Bailie, F. Darrell the Grenicheux, Wilford Morgan the Marquis, Miss Laura Clement the Germaine, and Clara Thompson the Serpolette. At the Globe Theatre in September, 1880, the cast included C. Ashford, F. H. Celli, H. Paulton, H. Bracy, Mdlle. Sylva, and ]Mdlle. d'Algua. The opera was revived on February 17, 1890, at the Opera Comique, with S. Barry and C. Ashford in their original parts, T. Paulton a<3 the Bailie, Miss Helen Capet as the Germaine, and Miss Marian Erie as Serpo- lette. The role of Germaine has been played in the English provinces by the Misses Cora Stuart, Amy Grundy, Annie Poole, Clara Merivale, Marie Dorval, Florence Lavender, etc. ; that of Serpolette by Misses A. Praeger and Irene Verona ; that of the Bailie by George Barrett and George Bel- more. 'The opera was performed in U.S.A. in 18S6 as ' The Chimes of Normandy.' Clock (The). A drama in one act, by Charles Hann.\n (-y.?;.). Clock - Case (The) ; or, Female Ctiriosity. An interlude, performed at Covent Garden in May, 1777. "'Mrs. Square conceals herself in a clock-case with a view to overhear the secrets of the Freemasons. She is discovered." Clock on the Stairs (The). A drama in one act, by C. H. Hazlewood (q.v.), first performed at the Britannia Theatre, Lon- don, February, 1862. Clockmaker's Hat (The). A farce, by T. W. Robertson, adapted from Mdme. de Girardin's ' Le Chapeau d'un Horologer ' (Gymnase, Paris, December, 1854); played in "New York with Mrs. J. Gougenheim as Sally. See Betty Martin. Clock-work. A burletta by Robert Reece, performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, in February, 1877. CLOD 304 CLOWNS Clod. Servant to Chronicle in O'Keefe'S 'Young Quaker '(g. v.). Clodia and Clodius. Sister and 'urother in CUMBERLAND'S ' Banishment of Cicero' (q.v.). Clodio, in Fletcher's ' Custom of the County ' (q.v.), makes love to Zenocia, Ar- noldo's fiancee. (2) Clodio, in Ciuber's 'Love makes a Man' (g.r.), is a boastmg coxcomb. Clodoppa. A shepherd of Latmos in W. Brough's ' Endymion ' (g.i.). Clodpate, Justice, in ' Epsom Downs' iq.V.). Clodpole. A character in Betterton's * Amorous Widow ' and ' Barnaby Brittle ' iq. v.). Clopin. King of the beggars in H. J. Byron's ' Esmeralda ' {q.v.). Clora. Sister to Fabritlo in BEAUMONT and Fletcher's ' Captain ' {q.v.). Clorimon, in Lord Orrery's ' Altemira ' iq.V.), is one of the heroine's lovers. Clorinda. (1) Wife of Omeopafico in « La Tarantula' (q.v.) ; also, a character (2) in MacNally's 'Robin Hood' (q.v.), (3) m OXENFORD'S ' Family Feeling ' (q.v.). Cloris, in Buckingham's 'Rehearsal' (q.v.), is beloved by Prince Prettyman. Clorys and Org-asto. A play acted in 1591 at the Rose Theatre, London. Close of the PoU (The); or, Humours of an Election. A farce by F. PiLON, tirst performed at Covent Garden on October 19, 17S0. Close Shave (A). (1) A farce by T. W. Speight, produced at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on August 9, 1834. (2) A farcical comedy in three acts, by T. B. Thalberg (q-v.). Theatre Royal, Stockton- on-Tees, February 16, 1895. Close Sieg-e (A). A burletta in one act, by George Dance (q.v.), first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, in 1S39, with a cast including Tilbury, King, Brindal, Baker, and Mrs. Franks. Closefist, Mr. Jonas. A house-owner in T. J. Williams's ' Peace and Quiet ! ' Closerie des Genets (La). See Willow Copse, The. Closet. Woman to Lady Gallimrd in Mrs. Behn'S * City Heiress ' (q.v.). Cloten. "The conceited, booby Lord, and rejected lover of Jmonen" in ' Cymbe- line.' " It is remarkable that though (:ioten makes so poor a figure in love, he is de- scribed as assuming an air of const-quence as the Queen's son in a council of state ; and with all the absurdity of his person and manners, he is not without shrewdness in his observations " (Hazlitt). "Cloth" is the professional term ap. plied to a i»iece of scenery painted on canvas, hung on a roller, and dropped from the "flies" {q.v.). Clotilda, in M. G. Lewis's 'One o'clock ' (q.v.). Clotilde is the name of cha- racters in (1) Webster's ' Fast Family ' and in (2) ' Fernande ' {q.v.). Cloud and Sunshine ; or, Liove's Reveng-e. A drama in four acts, by James R. Anderson, performed at Wal- lack's Theatre, New York, in November, 1856 ; and at Drury Lane Theatre in Feb- ruary, 1S58, with the author as the twin brothers Edgar and Henri Dimoi.i, and other parts by R. Roxby, Miss Elsworlhy, and Mrs. Selby. Cloud King- (The) ; or, The Magic Rose. A musical drama, written by J. C. Cross, performed at the Royal Circus, and, printed in 1S09. Cloudesley. " A gentleman of imagi- native tendencies," in B. BERNARD'S ' Prac- tical .Man' (q.v.). Clouds. (1) A comedy-drama by Arthur Peucival, Theatre Royal, Exeter, April l,' 1S72. (2) A play by Fred Marsde.x, per- formed in U.S.A. in 1876. (3) A comedy- drama by Sidney Bowkett, Hotel Metro- pole, Brighton, January 20, 1894. Clouds and Sunshine in a Life. A play by Adolphe Faucquez, performed ai Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, on Sep- tember 27, 1862, with a cast including H. Forrester, E. F. Edgar, W. H. Stephens,; Lewis Ball, Miss Sophie Miles, and Miss- Emily Dowton. Clouds (The). A comedy by Aristo- phanes (q.v.), translated into p]nglish bj T. Stanley (1656), L. Theobald (1715), J White (1759), R. Cumberland (1797). Cloven Foot (The). A drama in foui acts, adapted by Frederick Mouillot and Janet Stee'r from the novel of tht same name by M. E. Braddon, and firs' performed on January 27, 1890, at Blackburn produced at the Pavilion Theatre, London,. June 30, 1890, and at the Grand, Islington| June, 1891. Clover. Friend to Hectic in G. Dance'.', 'Petticoat Government' {q.v.). {2) Kittr Clover is a character in R. J. RAYMOND';: 'Mrs. White '(g.r.). Clover. An opera written by Gen^I' and Zappert, and composed by Franz Voi Suppe, performed at Palmer's Theatre, Ne^' York, in May, 1889, with De Wolf Hopper a Casimir, and other roles by Eugene Ou'iin Mdme. Cottrelly, and Miss Marion Manola. Clo-wnly. A country gentleman in Mrs iNCHBALD's 'Appearance is Against Them, {q.v.). Clowns (Elizabethan). See 'Hamlet, act iii. sc. 2 : " And let those that play you clowns speak no more than is set down fo » I CLOWNS CLYTUS them ; for there be of them that will them- selves laugh, to set on some quantity of barren spectators to laugh too. . . . That's yillanous, and shows a most pitiful ambition ji the fool that uses it" {Hamlet to the alayers). As Professor Ward reminds us, Bishop Hall in one of his satires comments ipon the behaviour of the typical clown of ;hose days, who " laughs, and grins, and frames his mimic face, And jostles straight into the prince's place." 'A peculiar danger beset our earlier dra- natists in consequence of the usage allow- ng full license of comic extravagance to he clown, whose ambition it was to say ery much more than was set down for lim." Clowns (Shakespeare's). (1) Dr. Brandes ays of the Clown in ' Twelfth Night ' (q.v.) :hat, "in harmony with the general tone 'f the play," he is "less witty and more lusical than Touchstone (q.v.) in ' As You jike It.' He is keenly alive to the dignity f his calling : ' Foolery, sir, does walk about 16 orb like the sun ; it shines everywhere.' [e has many delightful sayings, as for sample, ' Many a good hanging prevents a ad marriage.'" (2) Of the Clown in 'All's /ell that Ends Well' the same authority lys that, "witty as he is," he "has not le serene gaiety of the earlier comedies. e speaks here and there in the youthfully himsical style of the earliest comedies, at as a humoristic house-fool he does not ink with such a sylvan fool as Touchstune, creation of a few years earlier, nor witli le musical court-fool in ' Twelfth Night.' " ;) Of ' Othello ' Dr. Brandes writes : Shakespeare introduces, by means of the 'own, one or two deliberately comic pas- ges ; but the Clown's merriment is sub- led, as Shakesi)eare"s merriment at this ■riod always is." See ' William Shake- eare,' by G. Brandes (1898). Club Baby (The). A farcical comedy three acts, by Lawrence S ierner, per- rmed at the Lyric Theatre, Pealing, Sep- taber 19, 1S95, with W. Edouin as Mr. irkins, and other parts by H. R. Teesdale, Calvert, 3Iiss Le Bert, Miss Editli Blande, d Miss May Edouin ; produced at the enue Theatre, London, April 27, 1898. Club Friend (The). A play by Sydney )SENFELD, first performed at Pittsfield, iss., August 14, 1891 ; first represented in !w York at the Star Theatre, August 31, )1. Ulub-Law. " A merry but abusive nedy," written by George Ruggle (q.v.), 1 acted at Clare Hall, Cambridge, in '7-8. ^lub of Fortune Hunters (The), farce attributed to Charles Macklin, ■ 1 performed at Drury Lane in April, :Jlump and Cudden ; or, The Re- "iw. A musical farce in one act, by Charles Dibdin, acted at the Royal Circus, and printed in 1785. Clumsy, Sir Tunbelly. Father of iHss Hoyden in Vanbrugh's ' Relapse,' Sheridan's ' Ti'ip to Scarborough ' {q. i\), and 'The Man of Quality' (q.v.). Clun. Actor; a member of Killigrew's company ; died August 3, 1664. On August 4th in that year Pepys recorded that he had been to the King's House to see ' The Rival Ladies.' "Here we hear that Clun, one of their best actors, was, the last night, going out of towne (after he had acted the ' Alchemist,' wherein was one of the best parts [Subtle] that he acts) to his country house, .«et upon and murdered." "The house will have a great miss of him," adds Pepys. One of Clun's best characters was lago. Clutterbuck, Montg-omery, in Pinero's ' Two can Play at that Game ' (q.v.). Clutterbucks (The) ; or. The Rail- road of Hope. A play performed at Covent Garden in 1832, with Mrs. Keeley in a leading part ; performed in New York in 1833. Cl3rfakeros.' "An unlicensed convey- ancer " in ' Diogenes and his Lantern' (g.i;.). Clyndes, J. H. Actor ; made his first appearance in London at the Grecian The- atre in October, 1S74, and as Hamlet. He was in the original casts of ' Love and Money ' (Adelphi, 1SS2), ' A Ruined Life ' (Grand, Islington, 1884), 'Human Nature' (Drury Lane, 185i5), ' The Lord Harry ' (Princess's, 1S86), and ' Clito ' (Princess's, ISSG). He was also seen at Drury Lane in 1SS5 in ' A True Story ' and ' Never too Late to Mend.' Clyomon (Sir), Knigrht of the Golden Shield, Son to the King- of Denmark; and Clamydes, the White Knight, Son to the King- of Suavia. A play printed in 1599, "as it hatli been sundry times acted by Her Majesty's Players." This is included by Dyce in Peele's ' Works,' but F. G. Fleay ascribes it to Robert Wilson (q.v.). Cl3rtemnestra, wife of Agamemnon, figures in Boyer's ' Achilles ' (q.v.), in Thomson's ' Agamemnon ' (q.v.\ and in Talfourd'S ' Electra' (q.v.). Clytie. A drama in five acts, founded by Joseph Hatton (q.v.) on his story so named, and first performed at the Amphi- theatre, Liverpool, November 29, 1875 ; first performed in London at the Olympic Theatre on January 10, 1876, with Miss Henrietta Hodson as Clytie, F. H. Macklin as Tom, Mayfield, Alfred Nelson as Philip Eansford, and other parts by Miss A. Taylor, Miss L. Howard, J. Vollaire, Odell, etc. ; played in the English provinces in 1876-78 with Miss Louise Sloodie as the hei-oine. Clytus. An old soldier in Lee's ' Alex- ander the Great' (g.i'.)— "the faithfullest subject, worthiest counsellor." COAL AND COKE COBHAM Coal and Coke. A farce by Charles Harding and W. H. Swanborough, Strand Theatre, London, January 27, 1S6S. Coalition. (1) A musical farce in two acts, by Leonard M'Nally, performed at Covent Garden on May 19, 1783. (2) A comedietta by T. H. Hardman and H. North, Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, February 21, 1881.—' The Coalition ; or. The Opera Rehearsed : ' a comedy in three acts, by Rev. Richard Graves, performed at Bath and printed in 1794. Coal-mine (The). A drama by J. B. Johnstone, Pavilion, Theatre, London, March 11, 1S67. Coals of Fire. A comedy in three acts, by H. T. Craven {q.v.), first performed at the Court Theatre, London, on November 20, 1871, with a cast including the author as Job Riclcetts, John Clayton as Mr. Jormell, Belford as Parmesan, Alfred Bishop, E. Righton, Miss M. Oliver, and Miss M. Brennan. Coat of Many Colours (A). A comedy in four acts, by Madeline Lu- CETTE Ryley, performed (for copyright pur- poses) at the West London Theatre, July 22, 1897 ; produced at the Grand Opera House, Wilkesbarre, Pa., September 9, 1897, -with Herbert Kelcey and Miss EiEe Shan- non in the cast ; first performed in New York Citv, at Wallack's Theatre, September 13, 1897. Coates, Jolin. Actor and vocalist, bom 1865 ; joined the Carl Rosa company in 1893 as principal baritone, afterwards appearing in America in ' Utopia, Limited' {q.v.). He has figured in England in the original casts of ' Mirette ' (1894) , ' All Abroad ' 1895), ' The Runaway Girl ' (1898), etc. Coates, " Romeo " [Robert]. Amateur actor, born 1772, died 1S48 ; made his first appearance in public at his birthplace, Antigua, about 1788. His English debut was made as Romeo at Bath in February, 1809. On December 9, 1811— having mean- while become notorious as a " man of fashion " — he played Lothario at the Hay- market, and there was such a disturbance among the audience that he had to ad- dress them. On the 11th he published in the Morning Herald a letter in which he said : " In regard to the innumerable attacks that have been made upon my lineaments and person in the public prints, I have only to observe that, as I Avas fashioned by the Creator, independent of my will, I cannot be responsible for that result, which I could not control." He appeared again at the Haymarket several times in 1S12, and at Drury Lane in 1813. In the interval he was made the subject of a caricature by Charles Mathews \q.v.) in Sir H. B. Dud- ley's ' At Home,' produced at Covent Garden on February 25, 1813. In this piece a Captain Dash was arrested, where- upon Borneo Bantall (under which name Coates was satirized) cried out, "I always come forward with my talents for the sake of charity— so I'U play Romeo for the poor fellow's benefit -with all my soul 1 " The allusion here is to Coates's profession that he appeared only at charity performances. Mathews afterwards gave at Bath in 1S14 a 'Dissertation on Hobbies' in imitation oi Coates, who made his last appearances ir that city in 1816. See Dutton Cook's 'On the Stage' (ISSS), and the 'Life of Robert Coates ' by J. R. and H. H. Robinson (1891) Coaxer, Mrs. A character in Gay'' ' Beggar's Opera ' (q.v.). (2) Mr. Wheedleto; Coaxer is an elderly lady-killer in T. J "Williams's ' Little Sentinel' {q.v.). Cob, Oliver. A water-bearer in Jo.\ son's ' Every Man in his Humour' {q.v.). Cobb, James. Dramatic writer, bori 1756, died 1818 ; was an oflScial in the Eas India House. His works for the stage in eluded ' The Contract ' (1779), ' The Weddiii' Night' (1780), 'Who'd have thought it?! (17S1), 'Kensington Gardens' (1781), 'Th; Humourist' (1785), 'Strangers at Home (1785), 'The First Floor' (1787), ' Love ii the East ' (1788), ' Doctor and Apothecarv (1788), 'The Haunted Tower' (17S9), 'Th' Siege of Belgrade ' (1791), ' The Pirate.- (1792), ' The Algerine Slaves ' (abridgmer of ' Stransers at Home ') (1792), ' The Cherc kee' (1796), 'The Shepherds of Cheapside (1796), 'Ramah Droog' (1798), 'Paul an Virginia ' (1800), ' Algonah ' (1802), ' A Hon;, to be Sold' (1802), 'The Wife of Tw Husbands' (1803), and 'Sudden Arrivals (1809) ; also, ' Hurly Burly,' a pantomim with T. King, the actor (1785). See'Bi^ gi-aphia Dramatica' (1812), Genest's 'En. lish Stage ' (1832), etc. Cobb, Tom. See Tom Cobb. Cobbler's Daug-liter (Tbe). A dran: in four acts, by Mrs. Sarah Lane (o.im first performed at the Britannia Theatr; London, on March 23, 1878. Cobbs. The boots in ' Boots at tl Holly Tree Inn' {q.v.). Cobham, Thomas. Actor, bom London, 1779; died 1842; after experien^ as an amateur and in the provinces, cai) to London, and appeared at the theatj in Tottenham Street, the Sun-ey, Sadie ■Wells, the Rovaltv, and Covent Gardo where, in April', 1816, he figured as Richa III. In this part he was seen by Hazlij who wrote of the performance as '"a v one." " He raved, whined, grinned, start, stamped, and rolled his eyes with incrediV velocity, and all in the right place acco :■ ing to his cue, but in so extravagant a: disjointed a manner, and with such a tO; want of common sense, decorum, or c^ ception of the character, as to be perfec, ridiculous. He has taken a lesson fr; Mr. Kean, whom he caricatures, and seef to suppose that to be familiar or violent.' natural " (' View of the English Stage At Dublin in 1817 Cobham played Mad - and Sir Giles Oven-each. In 1837 he '^ acting at the Marylebone. In his Is > » COBLER CCEUR DE LION ;ars he was a great favourite with pro- ncial and transpontine audiences in lead- g "legitimate" rotes. He has, indeed, ;en described as "the Kemble of the inor theatres." Cobler (The). (1) A play acted by the jrd Admiral's servants in 1597. (2) ' The ijbler ; or, A Wife of Ten Thousand : ' a illad opera by Charles Dibdi.x, first rformed at Drury Lane on December 9, 74.—' The Cobler's Opera,' by Lacy Rvan, is first performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields 1728, and acted at Drury Lane in 1731 as he Amours of Billingsgate.' — ' The Cobler's ophecy,' by Robert Wilson, was printed 1594. 3obler of Canterbury (The). A jetite piece" first performed at Covent irden on May 6, 1779. Nobler of Preston (The). (1) A farce Christopher ]]ullock, first acted at ncoln's Inn Fields on January 24, 1716. ?his farce was begun on Friday, finished j Saturday, and acted on the Tuesday ilowing. It was hurried in this manner ^get the start of Mr. Charles Johnson's ice of the same name." (2) A farce in n acts, by Charles Johnson, first acted J Drury Lane on February 3, 1716. See Sly ;t. :!obler of Q,ueenhithe (The). A J y in tlie repertory of the Rose Theatre, < a 1598. Jobwebs. A comedy in three acts, by <,\iu,Es Wills {q.v.), first performed at t' Vaudeville Theatre, London, on March 5<1880,with T. Thorne as Joe Billiter, David Jines as Smallrib, and II, Howe, W. I:bert, C. W. Garthorne, Lin Rayne, Miss (idichards. Miss Kate liishop, Miss Miirie Xngton, and Miss Sophie Larkin in other Its. ock Robin and Jenny Wren. An ejrtainment in one act, libretto by I\L C. CxiNGTON, music by Florian Pascal ; F'alty Theatre, London, December 12, 1891. Jockburn, Catherine [n^e Trotter]. Imatic and miscellaneous writer, born 1^, died 1749 ; daughter of a naval officer ; H'Tied in 1708 the Rev. Patrick Cockburn. S! wrote the following plays :— ' Agnes de Ccro' (1695), 'The Fatal Friendship '(1698), Jve at a Loss ' and ' The Unhappy Peni- t(|.' (both printed in 1701), and 'The Re- Htions of Sweden ' (1706). See the Life h^r. Birch, prefixed to the edition of her n-ks (1751) ; also, the ' Biographica Dra- wica' and Genest's 'English Stage.' ^ ocke. The 'prentice-boy in Still's 'mmer Gurton's Needle' {q.v.). 3ckle-d.e-nioy. A play performed in ij before the Palatinate and the Lady J-abeth, by the latter's "men;" "un- ^ Hawksley in ' Still Waters Run Deep,' '\ Francis Bacon in Giacometti's 'Elizabe. Queen of England' (q.v.), and Dr. Sev^ in 'Chilperic' ('j.t;.). At the Prince.;; Wales's Theatre he undertook, in reviv;.. the following roles:— An' i us M'Alisteri 'Ours' (1870), George D'Alroy in 'Gas (1871), Alfred Evelijn in 'Money' (IS. Charles Surface (1874), Shylock (1875), \ Sir Charles Pomander in 'Masks and Fa( (1875). At the Princess's in 1875 he appes 1 as Claude Melnotte ; at the Court in 187 3 the Marquis dcs Arcis in ' Fernande' (?.iJ at the Haymarket in 1883 as Boris Ipa f in 'Fedora' (q.v.); at the Prince's in ^ as the Prince de Birac in 'La Prmc e COGHLAN COLEMAN eorges' (q.v-), and Caxitain Bradford in 'Peril' (?.y.); ^^ the Princess's in 1890 as intony in ' Antony and Cleopatra ; ' and . the Lyceum in 1895 as Mercutio. His ■st appearance in America was made at e Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in jptember, 1876, as Evelyn in ' Money.' (■cm 1891 to his death his public appear- iices were confined to the United States. 8 was the author of the following (and her) plays, some original and some apted :— ' As Good as Gold' (1869), 'Lady era' (1875), 'A Quiet Rubber' (1876), Jrothers' (1876), 'Good Fortune' (1880), . New Trial' (1880), 'For Life' (1880), Inemies' (1886), 'Lady Barter' (1891), ladame' (1896), 'The Royal Box '(1897), d ' Citizen Pierre ' (1899). He also sup- ed the final act of Lord Lytton's un- iished play, ' Tlie House of Darnley ' «77). See Scribner's Magazine, vol. 17. pog-lilan, Kose. Actress, born 1852; •ier some experience in Scotland, played ichard II. in Sala's 'Wat Tyler' at the iiety, London, in 1869, and Charles II. (Arden's 'Nell Gwynne' at the Royalty ^1 1871. Her American debut was made iWallack's Theatre, New York, on Sep- Tober 2, 1872. In 1875 she was again in jndon, appearing at tlie Mirror Theatre as i first representative of the heroine of <(enford and Wigan's 'Self (^.r.), and as 1; original Zirtf/y Marsden in Simpson and .rivale's 'All for Her' (q.v.). In 1876 she Jired at the Adelphi as Claire F/olUott i'The Shaughraun' (q.v.). Since then H has played a long series of leading its in America. Jogia figures in the various dramatiza- •tis of the story of 'The Forty Thieves' loincide, Count. The Prime Minister j Blanche's ' White Cat ' (q.v.). Joitier. The king's physician in the vious adaptations of ' Louis XI.' ■lokain (or Cokayne), Sir Aston. I^matic and miscellaneous writer, born lj3, died 1684 ; member of an old Derby- •8i:e family; author of 'The Obstinate I^y' (printed separately in 1659), 'Trap- Pin Creduto Principe ; or, Trappolin Sup- ped a Prince ' (printed 1659), ' A Masque tlsented at Brethie ' (1658), ' The Tragedy o Ovid '—all included in the author's '■ems and Comedies' (1662). Cokain's * ,amatic Works' were edited by J. Maid- njit and W. H. Logan, with prefatory «looir and notes, in 1874. See, also, the ' jckayne Memoranda.' " Cockayne's qtkness in the appropriation of other dnatists' ideas is undeniable, and, to- gaer with his fluency, makes up the sum o: is merits as a play wVight " (A. W. Ward). oke, Littleton and Tom, in Bouci- C/LT's 'Old Heads and Young Hearts' okes, Bartholomew. An esquire of u row in Jonson's ' Bartholomew Fair.' Colas, Stella, a French actress, made her first appearance in England at the Princess's Theatre, London, in June, 1863, when she played Juliet in English. " She is very pretty," wrote G. H. Lewes, "and has a powerful voice ; but her performance of Juliet is wholly without distinction. During the first two acts one recognises a well-taught pupil, whose byplay is very good, and whose youth and beauty make a pleasant scenic illusion. The balcony scene, though not at all representing Shakspeare's Juliet, was a pretty and very effective bit of acting. It was mechanical, but skilful too. It assured me that she was not an actress of any spontaneity ; but it led me to hope more from the subsequent scenes than she did effect. Indeed, as the play advanced, my opinion of her powers sank. No sooner were the stronger emotions to be expressed than the mediocrity and conven- tionalism became more salient" ('Actors and the Art of Acting '). Mdlle. Colas returned to London in the following year, and reappeared as Juliet, Henry Morley declaring that she had come back "not quite so bad as she was," but that "this Juliet is still abominable." In June, 1864, Mdlle. Colas was seen at the Princess's as Donna Florinda and Pe^^^o in 'The Monas- tory of St. Just' (q.v.), and Morley then wrote of her: "She is obtrusively self- conscious, showy, jerky, artificial as a puppet. ... To name Mdlle. Colas in the same line with Mrs. Hermann Vezin would be preposterous enough ; but she simply is not an actre.ss at all in the sense in which an English Helen Faucit or an Italian Ristori is an actress " (' Journal of a London Play- goer"). Colchicum, Dr. A character in G. R. SiMs'S ' Gulden Ring ' (q.v.) "Cold's tlie wind, and wet's the rain." First line of a song in Dekker and Wilson's ' Shoemaker's Holiday ' (q.v.y— " 111 is the weather that bringeth no gain, Nor helps good hearts in need." Coldstream, Lady Catherine, is a character in Foote's ' Maid of Bath ' (q.v.). (2) Sir Charles Coldstream is the hlasd hero of ' Used Up ' (q.v.). Cole, Blanche. Vocalist and actress ; made her metropolitan debut at the Crystal Palace on May 31, 1869, as Amina in 'La Sonnarabula.' Her sister, Emmelixe Cole, vocalist and actress also, was in the original casts of 'The Gentleman in Black' (1870), Arden's ' Nell Gwynne ' (1871), E. L, Blan- chard's ' Cinderella ' (1874-5), etc. Cole, John William. See Calcraft, J. W. Cole, Mrs., in Foote's 'Minor,' is in- tended fur jNIrs. Douglass, a notorious woman of the time and town (died 1671). Coleman, Fanny. Actress ; made her professional dtf'&H« at the Haymarket in 1857. In addition to much work in the provinces. COLEMAN COLIN she has been the original representative of | Mrs. Howard in 'False Shame" (1880), the Canoness in 'Lurette' (1883), the I^owager | Lady Osterley in 'The Candidate (1884), Lady Mandolin in « Ariane (1888), Miss Meakin in ' Forgiveness ' (1891), the Duchess t,t Rprwick in 'Lady Windermere s Ian (isl). Cm/er in ' Liberty Hali; (1892). ^frs. Voodti^e in 'The Transgressor (1894), Lady Darby in 'The Case of Rebelhousj5Usan n 894), Mrs. Coleman in ' The Passport (189o). Madayne Zaton in ' Under the Red Robe (1896), the Countess ofOwbridge in The Lray Lord Quex' (1899). etc. She has also been seen in London as Sally Brass m 'The Old Curiosity Shop' (1884), ^Irs. Boyle Chewton in ' The Weaker Sex ' (1889), Lady Pettigrew in ' The Parvenu' (1891), Mrs. Cross m The Idler ' (1891), Mrs. Carruthers in Dick Hal- ward' (1895). etc. Her repertory includes old Lady Lambert ('The Hypocrite ),Mis. Heidelburg, Mrs. Hardcastle, Mrs. Candour, Mrs. Malaprop, the Marquise in ^aste. Lady Shendryn in ' Ours,' Mrs. Sutchjfe in 'School,' and many other characters xn standard comedy. Coleman, John.. Actor, theatrical m^^nager. and dramatic writer; ^o^n 1831, died 1904 : began life as apprentice, to an architect, but entered the histrionic pio- fes^ion at fifteen years of age. His first appearance was made at the Standard Theatre, London, as Romaldi in Holcroft s ' Tale of Mystery.' After this came engage- ments at various provincial centres, e.i^— Leicester (with William Robertson, father of the dramatist), Glasgow (^ith Jhe "wizard" Anderson and D. P. MUler), Edinburgh (with Murray), Dundee (where he played Romeo), Liverpool (as leading man"), and Bristol, where when only nineteen, he played "seconds to ^\. C. Macready. At twenty-one he went to Shef- field to "star" (opening as Julien bt. Pierre in ' The Wife '), and in the following season was manager of the Theatre Royal there. He was for many years lessee ot the theatres on the great Northern Circuit, where he produced, for the first time on any stage, Charles Reade's ' Never too Late to Mend,' 'Foul Play,' and 'Put yourself in his Place,' Tom .Taylor's \ Arkwright s Wife' etc. During this period he built the Theatre Royal, Leeds, subsequently destroyed by fire. In 1876 he became lessee of the Queen's Theatre, London, where, in September of that year, he produced his adaptation of Shakespeare's 'Henry V- (a v.), playing the title part to Phelps s Henry IV. He afterwards " starred in the country as Henry F. and in other parts. In April, 1882, he (as lessee) opened the Olympic Theatre, London, with 'The Shadow of" the Sword' (q.v.), adapted by Robert Buchanan and himself from the former s romance so named, John Coleman playing Rohan. In 1886 he appeared at Liverpool, Birmingham, etc, in the principal part of his own drama called 'Wedded, not AMved (a V ) In the autumn of 1896 he was lessee of Drury Lane Theatre, where he brought out 'The Duchess of Coolgardie' (c.r.) am •The Kiss of Delilah' (q.v.), written b himself and J. Chute. He was the autho of ' A Family Secret.' ' The Grey Friar : ' The Silent Witness,' ' The Soggarth Aroon ■ and ' Two Maids and a :Man ; ' also of the fol lowing adaptations :— ' The Robbers ' (froi Schiller), 'Valjean' (from Hugo), «Th. Three Musketeers,' 'Monte Cristo,' an. 'Catherine Howard' (from Dumas 2)kre> ' Three Red Men ' (from Feval), ' Belphegoi (from Dennery), 'The Iron Master,' 'Th Fortune Teller,' and 'Nimrod' (also froi the French), ' Slavery ' (from ' Uncle Tom Cabin'), 'Marina' (from 'Mr. Barnes v New Yoi;k'), 'The Will and the Way,' an^ • Woman and her Master ' (from the nove'. so named). He wrote, in addition, fov; plavs with C. A. Clarke {q.v.), three wit- Charles Reade (q.v.), two with Charles Ca; vert (q v.), two with Robert Buchanan (q.v. one ('A Brother's Love') with Chark, Swain, one (' Dred ') with Fred Phillips, or; ('Marie de Rudenz') with Sidney Davi, and one (' Our Bonnie Prince ') with Jol; Chute. Among John Coleman's pubhc; tions were 'A Memoir of Samuel Phelp; (1886), 'Plavers and Playwrights I ha*! Known' (1888), 'The Truth about "Ti; Dead Heart'" (1890), 'Charles Reade ;, I knew Him ' (1903), ' Fifty Years of f; Actor's Life' (1904), 'Curly: an Actoi; Story,' ' The Rival Queens : a Story of tlj Modern Stage,' and 'The ^\hlte bad. of Rosemount: a Story of the Mode' Stage.' '• Colepepper, Mr. Commissionej in TOM Taylor's ' Overland Route (q.v.).\^ Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (be! October, 1772, died July, 18S4), besic turning Schiller's 'Piccolomim and Dea: of Wallenstein' into English verse (ISC' was the author of ' Remorse (q.v.), i tragedy in verse (printed and performed : 1813), and of ' Zapolya ' (?-«-)'.aplay (prin?ague ' (1782), ' The Election of Managers' 1784), and ' Ut Pictura Poesis ' (1789). /olman produced, further, adaptations of ; King Lear,' • A Midsummer Night's )ream,' 'The Winter's Tale', Jonson's Epictene ' and ' Oberon,' ' Philaster,' * Co- Qus,' Gay's 'Achilles' and 'Polly,' 'The Artful Husband,' 'The Mutual Deception,' Bonduca,' and ' The Fatal Curiosity '—all if which see. His translation of the come- lies of Terence into blank verse appeared n 1765, and his version of ' The Merchant ' if Plautus in 1767 ; he also wrote prefaces or editions of Beaumont and Fletcher (1778) -nd of Massinger. His ' Dramatic Works ' appeared in 1777, his 'Prose on Several )ccasions' in 1787. For biography, see ^cake's 'Memoirs of the Colraan Family' 1841), 'Some Particulars of the Life of Jeorge Colman ' (1795), the ' Biographia )ramatica' (1812), Genest's • English Stage.' Colman, Georgre, Junior. Dramatic mter, born 1762, died 1836 ; son of George dolman {q.v.); educated at Westminster school, Christ Church, Oxford, and King's college, Aberdeen ; and intended originally or the bar. Like his father, however, he levoted his abilities to the stage, becoming nanagerof the Little Theatre in the Hay- narket(as stated above) in 1789, and having .he patent transferred to him (through royal uyour) on the death of his father {q.v.). lis connection with the Haymarket ceased n 1820, and in January, 1824, he Avas ap- pointed Examiner of Plays, a post which he leld till his death. He is said to have been narried secretly to IMrs. Gibbs, the actress q.v.). The following is a list of his dra- matic pieces :— ' The Female Dramatist ' 1782), 'Two to One' (1784), 'Turk and No rurk' (1785), 'Inkle and Yarico' (1787), ■Ways and Means' (1788), 'The Battle of Hexham' (1789), 'The Surrender of Calais' 1791), ' Poor Old Haymarket ' (1792), ' The Mountaineers' (1793), ' New Hay at the Old Market' (afterwards known as 'Sylvester Daggerwood,' 1795), 'The Iron Chest' (1796), 'The Heir at Law' (1797), 'Blue Beard ' (1798), ' Blue Devils ' (1798), ' Feudal Times' (1799), 'The Review' (1800), 'The Poor Gentleman' (ISOl), 'Love Laughs at Locksmiths ' (1803), ' John Bull ' (1803), ' Gay Deceivers' (1804), 'Who Wants a Guinea?' (1805), 'We Fly by Night' (1806), 'The Africans ' (1808), ' X. Y. Z. ' (1810), ' Quadru- peds of Quedlinborough ' (1811), 'The Law of Java ' (1822) ; with many prologues and epilogues. A collection of his plays was published at Paris in 1827, with a memoir by J. W. Lake. Hazlitt wrote: "Mr. Colman's serious style, which is in some measure an imitation of Shakespear's, is natural and flowing ; and there is a constant intermixture as in our elder drama, a melange of the tragic and comic ; but there is rather a want of force and depth in the impassioned parts of his tragedies, and what there is of this kind, is impeded in its effect by the comic. ... In Shakespear, the comic parts serve only as a relief to the tragic. Colman's tragic scenes are not high-wrought enough to require any such relief" ('The English Stage '). See Griffinhoof, Arthur ; also Peake's 'Memoirs of the Colman Family,' Colman jun.'s ' Random Records ' (1830). Colnag-hi, C. P. Amateur actor and dramatic writer; author of 'A Debt of Honour ' (1891), and part-author, with Cots- ford Dick {q.v. ),pf ' The Spring Legend ' (1891). Col-o-grog". A character in Brougham's ' Pocohontas ' {q.v.). Colomba. A lyrical drama in four acts, music by A. C. Mackenzie, lihrotto founded by Francis HuEFn:R on tne story by Prosper Merimee ; first performed at Drury Lane Theatre, London, April 9, 1SS3. Colombe, in Tom Taylor's ' Duke in Dithculties' {q.v.). Colombe's Birthday. A play by RoiiKRT Browning {q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on April 25, 1853, with Miss Helen Faucit as the heroine, Barry Sullivan as Valence, H. Howe as Prince Berthnld, Farren as Gicibert, and Rogers and Tilbury in other parts. "The play," wrote E. L. Blanchard, "very dull and heavy ; elaboration of poetical idea." The work was revived at St. George's Hall, London, on the aftei-noon of November 19, 1885, with Miss Alma INIurray as Colombe, Leonard Outram as Valence, G. R. Foss as Guibert, and B. Gould, B. Webster, and R. de Cordova in other roles. Colonel (The). (1) A play so named, described as by Sir William Davenant, was entered on the books of the Stationer's Com- pany, January 1, 1629-30. Fleay identifies it with 'The Siege' (q.n.). (2) A farce in two acts, performed at Covent Garden The- atre on May 4, 1830, with Diddear as Colonel Friijid, and other parts by Wrench, Miss Foote, and Mrs. Chatterley. (3) A comedy in three acts, by F. C. Burnanu, founded on COLONEL CARTER COME AND SEE 'Le Mari k la Campagne' (q.v.), and first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on February 2, ISSl, with C. F. Coghlanas Colonel W. W. Woodd, W. Herbert as Fdchard Forrester, J. Fernandez as Lam- bert Streyke, R. Buckstone as Basil Gioraionf, Eric Bayley as Edward Langton, Mrs. Leigh Murray as Lady Tompkins, ]\Iiss Myra Holme* as Olive, Miss C. Grahame as Nellie, and Miss Amy Roselle as Mrs. Blyth. The piece "ran "'for five hundred and fifty nights. It was played in the English pro- vinces in 1S81 by Edgar Bruce in the title part, C. W. Garthorne as Forrester, W. F. Hawtrey as Streyke, Miss Glover as Lady Tom2)kins, Miss "C. Grahame as Olive, Miss H. Lindley as Mrs. Blyth, and Miss M. Siddons as Xelli^. By this company it was performed before the queen at Abergeldie Castle on October 4, ISSl. It M-as after- Avards played in the English provinces by companies headed by Charles Collette (q.v.). It was first performed in America at Abbey's Park Theatre, New York, on January i6, 1S82, with Lester Wallack in the title part, Eric Bayley as Forrester, C. P. Flockton as Streyke, E. T. Webber as Giorgione, Miss Z\l. Davis as Lady Tompkins, and Miss Rachel Sanger as Mrs. Blythe. It was re- vived at the Comedy Theatre, London, on July 25, 1SS7, with Edgar Bruce in the title part, W. Herbert as Forrester, Bassett Rowe as Streyke, S. Harcourt as Giorgione, F. Wyatt as Romelli, Miss Y. Melnotte as Mrs. 'Blyth, Miss H. Leyton as Mrs. For- rester, Miss S. Yau^han as Lady Tompkins, and ^liss A. Yerity as Nellie. (4) An adaptation of ' Haroun Alraschid ' by O. P. GissoN, first performed at Litchfield, Connecticut, August S. 1S92 ; at New York later in the month. (5) A play by Scott Marble, performed in L'.S.A. Colonel Carter of Cartersville. A play in five acts, by Augustus Thomas and F. HOPKINSON Smith, based on a story by the latter ; first performed at Palmer's The- atre, New York, March 22, 1S92 ; reduced to one act, and performed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in 1S97. Colonel Sellers. A dramatic sketch, based on Mark Twain's novel, 'A Gilded Age,' performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on July 19, ISSO, with J. T. Ray- mond as Colonel Mulberry Sellers, supported bv Miss Katherine Rodgers. Mrs. Leigh, j' J. Dallas, C. Fawcett, F. W. Wyndham, and Howard RusseU. Colonel Tom. A play by Steele ]VIackaye, first performed at the Tremont Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., January 20, 1890. Colonna. Brother of the heroine in Shiel's ' Evadne.' Colorado Beetle (The). A farce by William Minto [q.v.), Princess's Theatre, London October 13, 1877. Colour Serg-eant (The). A play in one act, by Brandon Thomas (q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, Lon- don, on February 26, 1S85, with a cast in- cluding J. Dewhurst, C Fulton, George. Barrett, and Miss Mary Dickens. Coluni"bat. Chief of the Gawries ir 'Peter Wilkins'(g.i;.). Columbia. A play by Sutton Yaxe (q.v.), performed in U.S.A. Columbia's Daug-hter. A dramatic piece by Mrs. S. RowsoN (q.v.). Columbo. Nephew to " The Cardinal' in .Shirley's play so named (q.v.). Columbus, Christopher. The central | character of the following dramatic pieces — (1) 'Columbus; or. The World Dis covered : ' a play by THOMAS MORTON (q.v.) first performed at Co vent Garden on De; cember 1, 1792 ; revived there in 1816. (2 ' Columbus el Filibustero : " a New ant! Audaciously Original, Historico-plagiaristic Ante -national. Pre - patriotic, and Omni^ local Confusion of Circumstances, Runnin; through Two Acts and Four Centuries, written by John Brougham, and first pei formed at Burton's Theatre, New York, on December 31, 1857, with the author the title part. Miss Lizzie Weston (Mrs. Davenport) as Columbia, Lawrence Barret' as Talavera, Mark Smith as Ferdinand^ "It is a more serious production thai; ' Pocohontas ; ' the satire is more subtle; and the thought more delicate. It contain'; no plays upon words, is not filled with start ling absurdities, and is pathetic rather tha uproariously funny" (Lawrence Button (3) 'Columbus; or, The Original Pitch i, a Merry Key : ' an " opera bouffe," words b' Alfred Thompson, music "by the bes; composers available," first performed at tb. Gaiety Theatre, London, on May 17, 186'.' with Miss K. Farren as Colurnbiis, Miss (; Loseby as Don Diego (Columbus's favourite pupil), J. Eldred as Alonzo Pinzon (C( lumbus's boatswain), Maclean as Tohar, (assistant to Columbus), Teesdale as Kir. Ferdinand ofCastille and Arragon, J. Robit as the Lord High Admiral of Spain, Mi: Rosina Ranoe as Paraquita (queen of tb: Kokatoukans). " This was not so much ' burlesque," MTites John Hollingshead, ":' an opera bouffe, the music being a, pasticci' The composers drawn upon were Offenbac' Bellini, Louis, E. Jonas, Gounod, Balf' Verdi, Herve, Boullard, Leo Delibes, wit original music by Lutz." (4) ' Little Chri topher Columbus' (q.v.) (lS93).—Columh figures in Mrs. Hatton's ' America Di covered' (q.v.). Combat of Love and Friendshi. (The). A comedy by Robert Mead, pt: formed by members of Christ Church C(i lege, Oxford, and printed in 1654. Combustion. A farcical comedy |; Augustus Thomas, produced in U.S.A. i 1SS4. Come and See. A farce in two aci by L.A.NGSDORFF, first performed at tij Haymarket in July, 1814. 'COME AWAY, DEATH' COMEDY OF ERRORS "Come away, corae away, death." First line of song sung by the clown in act ii. so. 4 of ' Twelfth Night '— " Lay me, O, where Sad true lover never find my grave, To weep there." The Duke says of the ditty tliat " It is silly footh, And dallies with the innocence of love. Like the old age." Come Here ; or, The Debutante's Test. A dramatic sketch by Augustin D.^^LY (q.v.), in which Madame Janauschek appeared at the Academy of Music, New York, in 1870, and at the Haymarket Theatre, London, in May, 1876. The piece seems to have had a German origin. See Variations. " Come hither, you that love, and hear me sing-." First line of a song in Fletcher's ' Ca/ptain ' (q.v.)- Come if you Can. A farcical prelude, Haymarket Theatre, June 9, 1824. "Come, let the state stay." First Mne of a song in Suckling's ' Brennoralt ' {q.v.). " Come, my Celia, let us prove." First line of a song in .Tonson's ' Volpone' (q.v.). "The leading idea of this song is taken from Catullus " (Bell). " Come, my dainty doxies." First line of the gipsies' song in MiDDLETON'S ' More Dissemblers besides Women ' (q.v.)— " We take no care for candle rents ; We lie, we snort, we sport in tents." "Come over the hoorne, Besse." First line of a snatch sung by Muros (q.v.) in W. Wag er's ' The Longer thou Livest ' (q-v.). "Besse" is Queen Elizabeth. See 'King Lear,' act iii. sc. 6. Come see a "Wonder. A play, de- scribed as by John Day and T. Dkkker, acted at the Red Bull Theatre in 1623 ; identical with ' The Womler of a Kingdom.' " Come, Sleep, and, with thy sweet deceiving"." First line of a song in Beau- mont and Fletcher's 'Woman Hater' (q.v.). "Come, thou monarch of the vine." First line of the bacchanalian chorus sung in act ii. sc. 7 of ' Antony and Cleopatra.' " Come unto these yellow sands." First line of a song sung by Ariel in act i. sc. 2 of 'The Tempest.' " Come, you whose loves are First line of a song in FLETCHER'S ' Queen of Corinth ' (q.v.). Comedjr figures as one of the characters in Planche's ' Camp at the Olympia' (q.v.). See Leigh Hunt's discourse on Comedy in his ' Critical Essays on the Performers of the London Theatres ' (1807), George Mere- dith ' On the Idea of Comedy, and of the Uses of the Comic Spirit' ('New Quarterly,' Aoril, 1877 ; reprinted as a volume in 1897), P. Fitzgerald's • Principles of Comedy ' (1870). See, also, Hazlitt's ' Comic Writers ' (1819), Ward's 'English Dramatic Litera- ture' (1899), C. M. Cayley's 'Representative English Comedies ' (1899). Comedy and Trag-edy. (l)The title under which W. ROBSON translated from the French of M. Fournier the piece (' Tiridate ') Avhich was played at the Lyceum in 1847 as 'The Tragedy Queen' ((/.v.), at St. James's in 1855 as ' Art ' (q.v.), and at the St. James's in 1871 as ' An Actress by Daylight.' (2) A drama in one act, by W. S. Gilbert (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on January 26, 1884, with Miss Mary Anderson as the heroine, Clarice ; G. Alexander as the hero, D'Aulnoy; J. H. Barnes as the Due D'Orleans, E. F. Edgar as Doctor Choquart, and Arthur Lewis as De la. FerU. The piece had, some years previously, been accepted by jNIiss Litton for the Court Theatre, but was not produced there. The author told the story of the di'ama in the form of a prose contribution to ' The Stage Door' (1880). The piece was revived at the Haymarket in May, 1890, with INIiss Julia Neilson as Clarice (a part in which she appeared in America in 1895-6). It was played in the English provinces in 1892, with Miss Fortescue as Clarice, E. H. Vanderfelt as D'Aulnoy, and Fuller Mellish as D'Orleans. Comedy of Errors (The). A comedy in five acts, by William Shakespeare, mentioned by Meres in his ' Palladis Tamia' (1598), and therefore necessarily written, if not acted, before that date. It w^as appa- rently based, in the main, upon William Warner's translation of Plautus' ' Me- nsechmi ' into English verse, which was published in 1595, but had probably been circulated, in manuscript, before that year. Shakespeare may also have been indebted somewhat to the play called ' The Historie of Error,* which was performed by the children of Paul's at Hampton Court on New Year's Day, 1566-7. Shakespeare fol- lows, in essentials, the story as told by Plautus, but "makes considerable altera- tions. He adds the serious part of the plot ; he makes two twin servants as well as two twin masters. The character of the Gold- smith is new ; the Courtezan is thrown into the background ; and the Parasite i.s omitted " (Genest). The first recorded per- formance of the play is that of December 28, 1594, in Gi'ay's Inn Hall, as stated in the ' Gesta Grayorum ' (1668) : " After such sport, a Comedy of Errors (like to Plautus his Menechmus) was played by the players." It is almost (though not absolutely) certain that the reference here is to Shakespeare's work. In October, 1734, there was brought out at Co vent Garden a play in two acts, called ' See if you Like It ; or. It's All a Mistake,' which was described as "taken from Plautus and Shakespeare," and was probably an adaptation of ' The Comedy of Errors.' Genest records performances of the ' Comedy ' at Drury Lane in November and December, 1741, but is unable to give COMEDY OF ERRORS 31( COMER the cast. Kirkman, however, says that the role of Dromio of Syracuse was taken hy Macklin (q.v.). After this came a series of representations of the ' Comedy,' or of adaptations of it, at Covent Garden :— On April 24, 1762, entitled 'The Twins,' and with a cast including Shuter, Dunstall, Gibson, Hull, Mrs. Ward, Mrs. Lessing- ham, Mrs. Vincent, and Mrs. Stephens ; in January, 1779, with alterations by T. Hull, and with Lewis as Antipholus of Syracuse, "SVhitfield as Antipholus of Ephesus, Quick as Dromio of Ephesus, Brunsdon as Dromio of Syracuse, Hull as ^Egcon, Wewitzer as Dr. Pinch, Mrs. Hartley as the Abbess, Mrs. Jackson as Adriana, and Mrs. Lessingham as Luciana ; on June 3, 1793, with Pope as Antipholus of Syracuse, Holman as Anti- pholus of Ephesus, Munden as Dromio of Syracuse, Quick as Dromio of Ephesus, Hull as ^geon, :^Irs. Mattocks as Adriana, Miss Chapman as the Abbess, and Mrs. Esten as Luciana; on June 2, 1798, with Rees as Dromio of Ephesus ; in January, 1S08, with C. Kemble as Antipholus of Ephesus, Blan- chard as Dromio of Ephesus, Murray as jEgeon, Simmons as Dr. Pinch, Mrs. Gibbs as Adriana, and Miss Norton as Luciana ; and in Apiil, ISll, with Jones as Antipholus of Syracuse, Bruuton as Antipholus of ijphesux, Mrs. Weston as the Abbess, and Mrs. Eserton as Luciana. In December, 1819, the comedy was produced at Covent Garden as an "opera," with the "neces- sary" alterations and interpolations by Reynolds [see the full description in Genest]. The cast included W. Farren as Dromio of Ephesus, Liston as Dromio of Syracuse, Duruset as Antipholus of Ephesus, Chap- man as jEgeon, Egerton as the Duke of Ephesus, Blancbard as Pinch, Mrs. Faucit as the Abbess, Miss Stephens as Adriana, Miss M. Tree as Luciana, and Mrs. T. Hill as Lesbia. The same version of the comedy was performed, for the benefit of Miss Stephens {Adriana), at Drury Lane on June 1, 1824, with Penley and Home as the Antipholuses, Liston as Dromio of Syracuse, Harley as Dromio of Ephesus, Gattie as Pinch, Madame Vestris as Luciana, and Mrs. Knight as the Abbess. The comedy was revived at Sadler's Wells in November, lS.i5, with F. Roliinson and H. INIarston as the Antipholuses, Lewis Ball and Charles Fenton as the Dromios, Barrett as uEgeon, Miss Eburne as Adriana, and Miss Travers as Luciana ; at the Princess's Theatre, London, in February, 1864, with Henry and Charles Webb as the Dromios, G. Vining and J. Nelson as the Antipholuses, H. Mellon as uEgeon, R. Cathcart as Dr. Pinch, Miss C. Carson as Adriana, Miss H. Howard as Luciana, and Miss E. Barnett as Lesbia ; at the Winter Garden, New York, in 1865, with J. S. Clarke and W. S. Andrews as the Dromios ; at Drury Lane in September, 18C6 (compressed into one act), with the brothers Webb as the Dromios, H. !»inclair and F. Barsby as the Antipholuses ; at the Alex- andra" Theatre, Liverpool, on June 13, 1381, •with C. YandenhofF and F. Rodney as the Antinholuses, Lionel Brough and J. F. Doyle as the Dromios, Mrs. Vandenhoff as jEmilia, and INIrs. Edward Saker as Adriana ; in the English provinces in 1882 by a company including Edward Compton (Dromio of Syracuse) and Miss Virginia Bateman (Mrs. Compton) ; at the Strand Theatre, London, in January, 1883, with J. S. Clarke and Harry Paulton as the Dromios, F. Charles and G. L. Gordon as the Antipholuses, F. INIervinas Solineus, Belton as Cleon, T. P. Haynes as Dr. Pinch, Miss SaUie Turner as Nell, Miss H. Lindley as Adriana, iliss B. Thompson as Luciana, Miss M. A. Gifi'ard as jEmilia, and Miss V. Carew as Lesbia ; at Gray's Inn Hall on December 6, 1895, by members of ' the Elizabethan Stage Society, and with Elizabethan costumes and no scenery ; at Terry's Theatre on the afternoon of June 6, 1899." compressed into one act, and with a cast including Ben Greet, W. R. Stavely, and Miss Edith Olyve. The comedy was first printed in the folio of 1623. S. T. Coleridge ; wrote of it that Shakespeare " has in this ! piece presented us Avitli a legitimate farce in ' exactest consonance with the philosophical principles and character of farce, as dis- tinguished from comedy and from enter- ' tainments. ... A comedy would scarcely ■ allow even the two Antipholuses ; because, although there have been instances of ■ almost indistinguishable likeness in two persons, yet these are mere individual ac- cidents, casus ludentis naturae, and the \ verum will not excuse the inverisimile. Bat ; farce dares add the two Dromios, and is . justified in so doing by the laws of its end ami constitution" ('Notes of Lectures'). " In ' The Comedy of Errors,' " says Hallam, ■ " there are only a few passages of a poetical vein, yet such perhaps as no other hving' dramatist could have wTitten ; but the story ; is well invented and managed— the con- fusion of persons does not cease to amuse— the dialogue is easy and gay beyond what| had been hitherto heard on the stage— theret is little buffoonery in the wit, and no ab-^ surdity in the circumstances " (' Literature' j of Europe'). See Everybody Mistaken, ij Comedy of Humours (The) is men-' , tioned in Henslowe's Diary, May 11, 1597,} as a "new play." F. G. Fleay identifies}' it with Chapman's ' An Humorous Day's: Mirth' (q. v.). Comedy of Sig-lis'(A). A comedy in; four acts, by John Todhunter, first per-; formed at the Avenue Theatre, London, on- :March 29, 1894, with Miss Florence Farr as] i Lady Brandon, Miss Vane Featherstone asj Mrs. Chillingworth, B. Gould as Sir Geoffrey\ Brandon, Yorke Stephens as Major Chih. lingworth, James Welch as Rev. Horact] Greenwell, etc. Comedy of Toys (The). A play bj Charles Barnard, performed in U.S.A. Comedy Theatre. See Londo:, Theatres. Comer. Actor; plaved Giles in 'Thi, Maid of the Mill' at Bath in 1S13, and Mother Goose at Covent Garden in 1819". COMER 317 COMING CLOWN "Comer," says Genest, "played Giles, and several other country parts, very well. His acting was simple and natural." Comer, Georg-e. Co-author, with George Conquest (q.v.), of 'Dead Beat' (1865); with Lionel Ellis, of ' The Right Man ' (1887), and, with ¥. Benton, of ' Brave Hearts ' (1899). Comet, King-. See King Comet. Comet (The) ; or, How to Come at .Her. A comedy in three acts, performed at [the Haymarket Theatre in August, 1789. ''2) ' The Comet ; or, Dramatic Dulness : ' a 'arce in two acts, by Joseph Moser, printed ,n the European Magazine for 1807. Comete (La); or, Two Hearts. A irama in four acts, by A. W. Pinero q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Roj'al, Jroydon, on April 22, 1878, with the sisters Lionel in the chief parts. Comfit. A character in L. Buckingham's Don't lend your Umbrella ' (q.v.). (2) 3[rs. Jomfit is a landlady in Burnand's ' In for iHolyday' (q.v.). Com.fort. (1) A character in the moral 3lay of ' Appius and Virginia' (q.v.). (2) A ;haracter in Redford's ' Wit and Science' q.v.). (3) Christian Comfort is a character u J. B. Johnstone's ' Ben Bolt ' (qv.). Comfortable Lodg-ing-s; or, Paris n 1750. A farce in two acts, by R. B. ^EAKE (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane lu March 10, 1827, with a cast including " O." ^inith. Listen, Harley, Miss Pincott, and tirs. C Jones. Com,fortable Service. A farce in one ,ct, by T. Haynes Bayly (q.v.), originally )erformed at the Olympic Theatre, London, m January 1, 1836, with F. Matthews as idmiral Sir Smith Broivn, Keeley as Simon, Jrs. Macnamaraas Mrs. Alldove, Mrs. Orger -s Mary, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley) 3 Mrs. Jam. Comical Countess (A). A farce in neact, by W. Bkough (q.v.), first performed t the Lyceum Theatre, London, with Miss 'albot as the Countess de V Espalier, C. J. ■lathe ws as the Chevalier de Vilbrac, and 5. Baker as the Baron de Bergonie ; revivecl t the City of London Theatre in 1855, and t the Haymarket Theatre in 1866 ; and at he Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in 871. Comical Gallant (The). See Merry ViVEs of Windsor, The. Comical Hash (The). A comedy by he Duchess of Newcastle, printed in 662. Comical Lovers (The); or, Mar- lage a la Mode. A comedy by Colley ;ibber (q.v.), first acted at the Queen's 'heatre in the Haymarket on February 4, 707, with Cibber as Celadon, Wilks as Pala- lede, Booth as Rhodophil, Mrs. Bracegirdle s Melantha, Mrs. Oldfield as Florimel, and Irs. Porter as Doralice ; revived at Drury vane in 1720, 1746, and 1752. " This piece is composed of the comic episodes of Dryden's ' Maiden Queen ' and ' Marriage a la Mode ' joined together. ... A tag to the fourth act seems pointed at the parting of Moneses and Arpasia in ' Tamerlane,' and is a humor- ous picture of many such parting scenes in some of our love-sick tragedies" (' Biogra- phia Dramatica '). A version of this piece, called 'Celadon and Florimel,' was per- formed at Drury Lane in May, 1796. Comical Revenge (The); or, Love in a Tub. A comedy in five acts, by Sir George Etherege (^'.i'.), acted at Lin- coln's Inn Fields in 1664, with Harris as Sir Frederick Frolic, Price as Dufoy, Betterton as Lord Beaufort, Smith as Colonel Bruce, Nokes as Sir Nicholas Cully, UnderhUl as Palmer, Sandford as Whcadlc, Norris as Louis, Mrs. Long as Widoic Rich, Mrs. Betterton as Graciana, and Mrs. Davis as Aurelia. " Lord Beaufort and Colonel Bruce are in love with (h-aciana. Aurelia is in love with Colonel Bruce. At the conclusion she is married to him. . . . Palmer and Wheadle are sharpers, who swindle Sir Nicholas out of a promissory note for £1000. The Widoio Rich is in love with Sir Frederick, and at last married to him. Dufoy is Sir Frederick's French valet," whom the Widow's servants put into a tub when rendered in- sensible by opium. " This play," says Downes, " brought £1000 to the house in the course of a month, and gained the com- pany more reputation than any preceding comedy." The comedy was revived at the Haymarket in December, 1706, with Bowen as Dufoy, Wilks as Frolic, and Mrs. Old- field as the Widoiv [Graciana and Aurelia^ omitted]. It was seen at Drury Lane in 1713, with Mrs. Knight as the Widow, Mrs. Bradshaw as Graciana, and Mrs. Porter as Aurelia; in 1720 with Cibber as Dufoy, and in 1726 with Mrs. Cibber as Aurelia. Pepys saw the play performed " by the Duke's people" at "the new playhouse" in Whitehall in 1666; he thought 'it "silly," but admits that he was ill, and that the piece was "done ill" also. It is partly in prose and partly in rhymed couplets, and was therefore, says A, W. Ward, "the earliest regular play in which the use of rime was actually attempted, unless its isolated application by Dryden in two pas- sages of ' The Rival Ladies ' be taken into account." " In the underplot, the gay realistic scenes which give the play its sub-title, Etherege," E. W. Gosse thinks, " virtually founded English comedy, as it was successively understood by Congreve, Goldsmith, and Sheridan." Comick, Sir Farcical. See Author's Farce. Comines, Philip and Marie de, figure in various adaptations of 'Louis XI.* (q.v.). Coming Clown (The). A " Christmas Number," in one act, by Mark Melford (q. v.), first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, December 21, 1886. COMING EVENTS 318 COMMONALTY Coming- Events. An operetta, words l»y R. Reece, music by P. Bucalossi, tirst performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, in April, 1876, witli Miss Annie Goodall and J. Rouse in the cast. Coming- Home. See Sithors to GllI.ND. Coming- of Ag-e. An operetta, words by J. E. Carpenter, music by E. L. Hime, lirst performed at the Charing Cross Theatre in June, 1869, with a cast including Kath- leen Irwin and Cicely Nott. Coming- thro' the Rye. A come- dietta by J. A. Rosier and W. T. Main- price, Theatre Royal, Halifax, October 11, 1886. Coming- Woman (The). (1) A comic drama in three acts, Ladbroke Hall, London, April 30, 18S7. (2) A dramatization by MER'VTfN Dallas of Edmund Yates' novel, ' Broken to Harness,' rewritten by Sedley Brown and revised by Louis de Lange and Eugene Ormande, first acted in America, Waterbury, Ct., Nov. 5, 1894 ; in New York at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, November 12, 1894. Commencement of a Bad Farce, which, however, it is hoped will turn out Wrig-ht at Last (The). A piece first performed at the Lyceum The- atre, London, October 31, 1853", -with E. Wright in the chief part. "It was con- demned," says M. Williams, "because the farce was really a bad one ; but independent of this, the actor, whose humour was always of the broadest, proved quite out of his element in the refined atmosphere of the Lyceum." Coramissary (The). A comedy in three acts, by Samuel Foote (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket in June, 1765, with the author in the title part {Zachary Fungus), Shuter as Gruel (a teacher of oratory) and Mrs. Loveit (a rich widow). Parsons as Dr. Catgut (a singing master) and a hackney coachman. Miss Cheney as Mrs. Mechlin, Miss Reynolds as Dolly, etc. Fungus, who has grown rich as a com- missary in Germany, desires to marry a lady of rank and go into society. Mrs. Mechlin foists her own niece, Dolly, upon him as the daughter of an earl. Fungus acquiring polish at the hands of Catgut, Gruel, etc., recalls 'Le Bourgeois Gentil- homme.' Com.mission (A). A comedy in one act. by Weedon Grossmith (g.v.), first per- formed at Ten-y's Theatre, London, on June G, 1891, with the author as Shaiv (a valet), Forbes Dawson as a painter, Brandon Thomas as a model, and Miss Lily Hanbury as Mrs. Hemmersley. Commissionaire Extraordinaire. See Ticklish Times. Committed for Trial. (1) A "piece of absurdity " in two acis, by W. S. GILBERT [q.v.), founded on 'Le Reveillon,' and first performed at the Globe Theatre, London on January 24, 1874, with H. J. Montague as Alfred Trimble, A. Cecil as Jonathan Wag- staffe, G. Temple as Portiboy, Compton as Stuhbs, and INIiss Carlotta Addison as Mrs. Wagstaffe. The piece Avas afterwards ex- panded into three acts, and revived on Feb- ruary 3, 1877, at the Criterion Theatre, under the title of ' On Bail,' and with Charles Wyndham as Lovibond (Wagstaffe), Miss F. Josephs as the Duke of Darlington, E. Righton as Trimble, J. Clarke as Marcooly, I. Francis as Wilcox (Stubbs), H. Ashley as Ilebblethicaite, Miss Eastlake as Mrs. Lovi- bond, Miss Nellie Bromley as Mrs. Hebble- thwaite. Miss Edith Bruce as the maid. See Contempt of Court. (2) A drama iii four acts, by Edward Towers, East London Theatre, London, November 30, 1878. Committee (The). A comedy bv Sir Robert Howard, performed at the 'The- atre Royal, and printed in 1665. " This comedy," says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' " was -nTitten not long after the Restoration, and was intended to throw an idea of the utmost odium on the Roundhead party and their proceedings." The same authoritv speaks of " the drollery of the character of' Teague, and the strong picture of absurd fanaticism, mingled with indecent pride, drawn in those of Mr. Day, Mrs. Day, and Abel." Pepys, who saw ' The Committee ' performed in 1663, thought it "a merry but indifferent play," but evidently enjoyed Teague as represented by Lacy. The piece, was revived at Drury Lane so lately as Feb- ruary, 1788. See Obadiah. Committee - Man Curried (The).- " A comedy in two parts," by S. Sheppard. printed in 1647. W. C. Hazlitt describes' this work as a "barefaced piece of plagia-. rism " from Suckling's works and Stapylton's translations of the first and second satire.'^ of Juvenal. Commodore (The). See Creole The (-2). Common Conditions : " a new anc pleasant comedy or play after the manne: of common conditions," licensed on July 27; 1576. A transcript of this dramatic fragraen , is in the Bodleian library. " Shift, Thrift. and Vnthrift are characters in it : Condi tions is the Vice" (Fleay). See the 'Bio graphia Dramatica,' Collier's 'History o Dramatic Poetry,' and Fleay's ' History o; the Stage ' and ' English Drama.' Common, Dol, in Ben Jonson'S'AI' chemist ' (^.r.). Common Sense, The Life an( Death of. A prelude altered from FlELr ING'S 'Pasquin' (q.v.), and first performei at the Haymarket Theatre on August Ic 1782. (2) ' Common Sense ; or. The Slave of Mammon:' a drama in four acts, b! Edw. Towers, Pavilion Theatre, Londor' May 11, 1878. , Commonalty. A character in ' Albyo Knight ' {q. v.). COMMONWEALTH 319 COMPTON Commonwealth of Women (A). 5ee SEA Voyage. Comnenus, Isaac. See Isaac Com- \E>US. Compag-nons de la Truelle (Las). ;ee Dark City. Companion to the Playhouse (A). A.n account of English plays and play- jvrights, written, in dictionary form, by pAViD Erskine Baker (9. v.), and published n two vols, in 1764. Revised by Isaac Reed, t was republished in 17S2, under the title if 'Biographia Draraatica,' and was again evised by Stephen Jones, and republished inder the same title in 1812. " Baker," says 3ullen, " was largely indebted to his pre- lecessor, Langbaine. He adds but little nformation concerning the early dramatists, )ut his work is a useful book of reference or the history of the stage during the first lalf of the eighteenth century." Composer (The). A comedietta by Arthur Chapman, music by F. M. Capel ; :heatre Royal, Richmond, October 29, 1891. Compressed Gunpowder. A dra- natic piece by Mrs. Charles A. DOREMUS, lerformed in U.S.A. Compromise (The); or, Faults on )oth Sides. A comedy by J. Sturmy, lerformed at Lincoln's Inn Fields inDecem- )er, 1722. Compromising: Case (A). A one-act )iece by Mrs. T E. Smale, performed at he Lyceum Theatre, New York, April 20, 892. Compromising" Coat (The). A come- lietta by J. T. Grkin (7.r.)and C. N. Jarvis q.v.), Globe Theatre, London, June 27, 1892. Compton, Charles G. Dramatic .uthor, theatrical critic, and miscellaneous vriter; son of Henry Compton {q.v.); has vritten, with A. G. Hockley, a drama en- itled 'A Family INIatter' (q.v.) (1894); is part-author of the ' Memoir of Henry Comp- on ' (1879) ; has contributed theatrical iriticism to the Outlook (189S-9) and other periodicals ; and was, from 1889 to 1895, act- Qg manager of the Garrick Theatre. Compton, Edward. Actor, bom 854; son of Henry Compton (q.v.); made lis first appearance on the stage at the 'heatre Royal, Bristol (now the Prince's), a 1873. After this cauie various provincial ours and local engagements, his London ■^but being made at Drury Lane on March , 1S77, as Alfred Evelyn in the first act of Money' (q.v.). Tours with H. J, Byron, Irs. H. Yezin, and Miss Wallis followed ; nd then in 1878-9 he appeared at Drury -ane as Florizel ('The Winter's Tale '). Cassio, lalcolm ('Macbeth'), Leonatu.-^ ('Cymbe- me '), and Homeo. At the Adelphi in the jst-named year he played Sir Benjamin "'((ckbite and 2[odus, figuring there in 1880 ifter a tour with Mi.«s Neilson in America) s the original Bertie Talhoys in 'The )'Dowd'(3.r.). To 1831 belongs the estab- lishment of the [Edward] Compton Comedy Company, which had an unbroken existence of eighteen years, appearing mainly in the provinces, but occasiunally in London. Thus, in 1886-7, at the Strand Theatre, Edward Compton produced Muskerry's ' Davy Gar- rick,' ' The Rivals,' ' The School for Scandal,' ' She Stoops to Conquer,' and ' The Road to Ruin,' playing Davy, Boh Acres, Charles Surface, young Marloio, and (in the last- named piece) both Harry Dornton and Gold- finch. At the Opera Comique in 1S91-2 he was seen as Christopher Newman in Henry James's 'American' (q.v.), young Wilding in ' The Liar' (q.v.). Father Allen in Frank- fort Moore's 'Queen's Room' (q.v.), and John Alden in F. Moore's 'Mayflower' (q-v.). In 1894 he figured at Toole's Theatre, London, as Albert Chardin in ' IVIarried by Proxy' (q.v.), and in 1898 appeareil at the Grand, Fulham, as Fdmund Kean in the play by Edgar Pemberton so named (q.v.). At Birmingham in 18S6 he had been the original representative of the hero of E. Pemberton's ' Actor' (q.v.). and at Norwich in 1893 the first Sidney Carton in the same author's play so named (q.v.). In 1898 he became joint-lessee of the Dalston Theatre, and in 1899 resumed touring with his com- pany. Besides collaborating with his brother Charles in the ' Life ' of their father (1879), Edward Compton has written the following dramatic pieces : — • A Strange Relation ' (1876), ' A Mutual Separation ' (1877), and (with E. M. Robson) ' Faithful unto Death ' (1881). See Compton, Mrs. Edward. Compton, Henry [Charles Mackenzie]. Actor, born at Huntingdon, !March 22, 1805 ; died September 15, ls77 ; son of John Mac- kenzie ; was educated at Huntingdon and Little Baddow (Essex), and was intended originally for a commercial career. This, however, proved distasteful to him, and in 1826 he took definitely to the stage, his d^but [as "Henry Compton"] being made at Lewes, as "walking gentleman" and player of " responsible " parts. [" Compton " was the surname of one of the wives of his grandfather, and the " Henry " was adopted quite casually.] Engagements at Leicester, and on the Bedford, Lincoln, and York Circuits, followed ; Compton's first appear- ance in London being made on July 24, 1837, at the English Opera House (Lyceum Theatre) as Robi7i in ' The Waterman"' (q.v.) and Paul Shack in ' Master's Rival.' At the Lyceum he stayed till September, migrating in October to Drury Lane, where he figured as the First Gravcdifjger in ' Hamlet,' /S^curfer in 'The Merry. Wives,' Launcelot Gobbo, Marall in ' A New Way to Pay Old Debts,' Mawicorm in 'The Hypocrite,' Tony Lnvi]}- kin. Silky in ' The Road to Ruin,' Dr. Ollapod in ' The Poor Gentleman,' Bailie NicolJarvie, Gnatbrain in ' Black-eyed Susan,' etc. In July, 1«38, he returned "to the Lyceum, and was seen there as Dominie Sa)n2)son in * The W'itch of Derncleugh,' and as the original Jerry Chance and Tom Chaff in Mark Lemon's ' M.P. for Wrottenborough ' and ' Sister Kate ' respectively. At Drury Lane COMPTON COMPTON in 1839 he played Verges to the Dog- berry of Dow'ton. After that came an en- gagement at Dublin, followed by another at Drury Lane under Macready. Here ''in 1303-4) he appeared as Polonivs, Dogberry, Launce, Foresight in 'Love for Love,' Sir Peter Teazle, and David in ' The Rivals,' besides figuring in the original cast of ' Follies of a Night' (5. v.). Liverpool and Dublin next claimed his energies, and then, in 1844, he was engaged for the Princess's Theatre, London, where he remained for four years, figuring as Touchstone, and, in- deed, in " the whole round of the legitimate drama." Next came a term of service with Farren at the Olympic, the Strand, and then the Olympic again. At the Strand (1849-50) he was the first Mr. Sceptic in ' Founded on Facts' iq.v.), Peter Paternoster in 'John Dobbs' Cg.r.), Flatz in 'The Philosopher's Stone ' (g.v.), Cogne Creche in ' Prince Dorus,' and Will Whimble in 'Sir Roger deCoverley.' At tlie Olympic (1851) he was the original Toby Tu'inkle in 'All that Glitters is not Gold' iq.v.). In the spring of 1853 he began, at the Haymarket (under Buckstone), an engage- ment which lasted for sixteen years. During that period he was the original performer of the following (and other) characters :— Captain Gawk in ' Elopements in High Life ' (1853), Mr. Smith in ' Knights of the Round Table' (1854), Joe Withers in 'The Evil Genius ' (1856), Paidagogos in F. Talfourd's 'Atalanta' (1857), Blenkinsop in 'An Un- equal Match ' (1857), Pluto in F. Talfourd's ' Pluto and Proserpine ' (1858), Sir Dormer de Brazenby in ' The Tide of Time ' (185S), Buzzard in 'The World and the Stage' (1859), Icebrook in ' Everybody's Friend ' (1859), ^Egisthus in F. Talfourd's 'Electra' (1859), Honeybun in 'The Contested Elec- tion' (1859), Mutton in 'The Rifle' (1859), Sir Solomon Frazer in ' The Overland Route' (1860), Seidell in Taylor's 'Babes in the "Wood ' (1860), Vulcan in Burnand's ' Venus and Adonis ' (1864), Lepidus in Burnand's ♦ Antony and Cleopatra ' (1866), Massaro7ii in A Beckett's 'Brigand' (1867), De Vaudray in ' A Hero of Romance ' (1868), Mountrafe in Robertson's ' Home ' (1869), and Tollit in ' Mary Warner ' (1869). During the same period Compton was seen at the same theatre as Bob Acres, Crabtree, Obadiah Prim (in ' A Bold Stroke for a Wife '), and Dr. Pangloss. Leaving the Haymarket, he appeared both at Manchester and at the Olympic, London, as the original Joshua Gaivthiuaite in Tom Taylor's ' Handsome is that Handsome Does' (1870). Then came an association with the Globe Theatre, under H. J. Montague (1871-73), during which he was the original representative of Muggles in ' Partners for Life ' (^.v.), Paul Cudlip in ' Forgiven ' (q-v.), Gulp in ' The Spur of the Moment' (5.1;.), Ozeye in ' Oriana' (q.v.), and Rumbalino in 'Fine Feathers' (g.v.). In 1874 he joined the company at the Lyceum, where he played the First Gravedigger to the Hamlet of Henry Irving, in addition to ap- pearing in 'A Fish out of Water.' After this came a tour with the Vezin-Chippen- dale company, followed by "starring" en- gagements at Liverpool and Manchester, at which latter place, on July 14, 1877, he made his last appearance on the stage. ' On the 15th of September in that year, he died (of cancer). He liad been married, in 1848 to Miss Emmeline Montague (q.v.), the well- known actress. " His Touchstone, his Dog- berry, his Gravedigger," wrote J. R. Planche, " will never be forgotten by those who were fortunate enough to witness them "—a dictum repeated by Tom Taylor, who says, " His Shakesperean clowns were incom- parably the most original and telling 1 have seen on the stage ; and his Marall in ' A New Way to Pay Old Debts' held equal rank." "His style," wrote C.J.Mathews, " was peculiarly his own. He had a queer dry humour that never failed of effect. He had the art of giving value to phrases of themselves valueless, oy his incisive mode of utterance, his affected stolidity, and his accompanied original facial expression." See ' Memoir of Henry Compton,' by Charles and Edward Compton (1879) ; Morley's ' Lon- don Playgoer,' etc. See, also, Compton,' Charles ; Compton, Edward ; Compton, Katherine. Compton, Katherine. Actress ;. daughter of Henry Compton (q.v.) ; made her first appearance at the Theatre Royal. Bristol, in 1874, as Maria in ' The School foi Scandal.' She afterwards played at Hull, Newcastle, Manchester, etc. Her London dibut was made at the Gaiety Theatre in May, 1877, as Julia in 'The Rivals.' She has been the original representative of the following characters : — Lucy Merivale in ' Such is the Law ' (1878), Mrs. Parminter Blake in ' Imprudence' (1881), Annein 'Low, Water' (18S4), the Princess Peninkoff in ' The Great Pink Pearl' (1885), Mabel Selbyi in ' A Run of Luck' (1886), Juno Johnstone in ' The Treasure ' (1888), Mrs. Bute Curzon in ' Robin Goodfellow' (1893), Lady Gwendo-. line in ' The White Elephant ' (1896), Lady Algy in 'Lord and LadyAlgv' (IS9S), Mrs. Buhner in 'Wheels within Wheels ' (1899) iMdy Huntworth in ' Lady Huntworth't Experiment' (1900), Countess Zechyadi ir 'The Under-current' (1901), Mrs. Aubertoi in 'A Clean Slate' (1903), and the title part in 'The Rich Mrs. Repton' (1904); She has also been seen in London as Celia Portia (' :Merchant of Venice '), 3Iiss Hard castle, Lydia ('The Love Chase'), Helei ('The Hunchback'), Marion de Lorm ('Richelieu'), Grace Harkaway ('Londoi. Assurance '), Mrs. Singleton Bliss (' Cyril' Success'), Lady Betty Noel ('Lady Clan, carty '), Princess Lydia (' The Danischeffs', etc. Compton, Mrs. Edward [Virgin! Bateman]. Actress; daughter of H. I Bateman (g.t'.); married in 1SS2 Edwar Compton {q.v.), of whose Comedy Compan she was for many years "leading lady. She has been seen "in London as Lady Teaz (Sadler's Wells, ISSO). Violet in ' Davy Ga rick' (Strand Theatre, 1886), Kate Har<> castle (Strand, 1887), etc. She was tl COMPTON COMUS jiginal Lydia in Merivale's ' Husband in 'over'(?.v.)- bompton, Mrs. Henry. See MON- GUE, EMMELI.NE. bompton, Percy. Actor; son of ;nry Compton {q.v.) ; was the original :,ll Somers in Raleigh's ' Queen and ordinal' (1881), and the first Burnaby Jgot in Cellier's ' Doris ' (1889). He and ji; brother, Sydney Compton, have had ♦isiderable experience as actors in the jglish provinces. Comrades. A comedy in three acts, by }.ANDON Thomas (9. v.) and B. C. Stephen- iS (q.v.), first performed at the Court ^eatre, London, on December 16, 1S82, with ,an Clayton as Sir George Baxter, D. G. lucicault as Arthur Dexter, C. F. Coghlan iCaptain Darleigh, A. Cecil as Hon. Fenley i\vers, W. Mackintosh as Tom Stirrup, Miss ],rian Terry as Lady Constance Birklands, i\ Miss Carlotta Addison as Lady Dexter ; ] -formed in the English provinces in 1883. Comrades and Friends. A military <,ma in two acts, by Isaac Pocock {q-v.), it performed at Covent Garden on Feb- .T.ry 14, 1831, with a cast including Bartley, ]eley, Abbot, Meadows. J. S. Grimaidi, inchard, Power, Barnes, Miss Taylor, and 3s. Chatterley. IJomstock, Nanette. Actress, born il ; made her professional d6bxit in 1887 in Jyt's 'Hole in the Ground' {q.v.). She ■v^ the original Una Foxwood in ' A Gold Jie* (1889), and the first representative in ierica of Laura Norris in ' Booties' Baby ' (lS9). She has been seen in New York as ^.nnette in ' Natural Gas ' (18SS), and as Meline West and Jennie Buckthorn in ''lenandoah' (1889). iomus. A masque by John Milton, jiUshed in 1637. It was written, " as most iple know, as an entertainment to be fisented at Ludlow Castle [in 1634] on the a:.val and installation there of the Earl of Ijdgewater as Lord President of Wales. . I The masque was to be acted by members ophe family ; and as there was some story o,,he fourteen or fifteen year old daughter .(^ie, who was to act in the masque, having b|Q lost in a wood on the way to Ludlow, ^(ton is supposed to have planned his ^17 from that incident. Her two actual D,thers acted the brothers' parts in the B'jQue. . . . The attendant spirit was acted Mlilton's friend. Harry Lawes, who had bla commissioned to write the music. . . . K|;os originally meant a licentious dancing rjil. In Hesiod's ' Shield of Hercules ' it ni-ns the promiscuous band of revellers ■W|> followed with their wilder dance and S(jr after the trained chorus of a procession. I^ater times, Comus appeared as a god of Hive mirth and joy. . . . And so he passed iij^atype for use of moralists; appeared, «(teen years before Milton's poem, in Ben J tson^s masque of ' Pleasure reconciled to J*|ue,' and had appeared, eleven years "■ire that, in a Latin poem entitled •Comus,' by Henri du Pay, of Louvain, which Milton had read and liked, for at least one passage in it has been distinctly imitated. In Peele's 'Old Wives' Tale' there are two brothers rescuing a lost sister from the spells of an enchanter" (Henry Morley). In 1738 Dr. Dalton adapted ' Comus ' to the stage, arranging it in three acts, " retaining nearly the whole of the original, adding or compiling the scene between the brothers and Comus' crew, and introducing a variety of songs [mainly, it would seem, selected from Milton's works] to make it pass off better on the stage" (Genest). The piece was produced at Drury Lane on March 4, with Quin as Comus, Milward and Gibber, jun., ^s fhe Brothers, Mills as the First Spirit, Mrs. Cibber as the Lady, Mrs. Clive as Euphrosyne (an intro- duced character), and Mrs. Arne as Sahrina; Beard, too, had a singing part. 'Comus' was revived in 1744, at Covent Garden, with Mrs. Pritchard as the Lady ; in 1752, at Drury Lane, with Mossop as Comus; in 1755, at Covent Garden, with Smith as Comus and Peg WoflBngton as the Lady ; in 1773, at Covent Garden (reduced by George Col- man to two acts), with Mattocks as Comus and Miss Catley as Euphrosyne ; in 1775, at Drury Lane, with Mrs. Baddeley as the Lady ; in 1776, at Covent Garden, with Tvlrs. Barry as the Lady ; in 1777, at Drury Lane, with Farren and Lamash as the Brothers, Aikin and Tenducci as the Spirits, Mrs. Robinson as the Lady, and Mrs. Baddeley as the Pastoral Nymph ; in 1784, at Covent Garden, with Henderson as Comus ; in 1786, at Drury Lane, with Palmer as Comus, Ban- nister, jun., and R. Palmer as the Brothers, Barrymore as a Spirit, Bannister as First Bacchanal, Mrs. Wrighten as Euphrosyne, Mrs. Crouch as the Pastoral Nymph, and Mrs. Siddons as the Lady ; in 1803, at Covent Garden, with G. F. Cooke as Comus ; in 1812, at the same theatre, with C. Kemble as Comus; in 1829, at the same theatre, with Miss Hughes as the Lady; and in 1833 at Drury Lane, under the auspices of Bunn. A notable revival was that of 1842 at Covent Garden, with John Cooper in the title part, Mdme. Vestris as Sabnna, Miss Rainforth as the Spirit, and ^Irs. Walter Lacy as the Lady. " The groupings and arrangement of the tableaux," -nTites George Vandenhoff, " were admirable, and some of the mechani- cal effects were almost magical. There were forest scenes of the greatest pictorial beauty" ('An Actor's Note-Book'). Dryden and Purcell's 'King Arthur' seems to have been drawn upon for this production. The masque was produced by Macready at Drury Lane in February, 1843, with himself as Comtts, Anderson asthe^Wer Brother, Miss Faucit as the Lady, Miss Romer as Sabrina, and Miss P. Horton as the attendant Spirit. At Easter, 1S65, at Drury Lane, ' Comus was revived with Walter Lacy as Comus, Edmund Phelps and Miss E. Falconer as the Brothers, Henri Drayton as First Bac- chanal, Miss Augusta Thomson as Sabrina, Miss Poole as the attendant ^i^iVif^, and Mrs. Hermann Vezin as the Lady. A lyric by Y CONCEITS CONFIDENTIAL CLERK Edmund Ealconer was introduced, set to nausic by J. Burnand [see Morley's ' London Playgoer ']. The Masque was revived (with the music by Lawes)at the Botanic Gardens, London, in July, 1903. Conceits (The). A play entered on the books of the Stationers' Company in No- vember, 1653. Con-ctirers. See Conquerors, The. Condell, Henry. Actor, died 1627 ; was in the original casts of ' Every Man in his Humour ' (159S), ' Every Man out of his Humour' (1599), ' Seianus ' (1603), 'The Mal- content' (1604), ' Volpone' (1605), 'The Al- chemist' (1610), 'Catiline' (1611), and 'All is True' (q.v.) (1613). He also enacted the Cardinal in 'The Duchess of Malfi' (q.v.). In 1599 he became a sharer in tlie profits both of the Globe and of the Blackfriars Theatres. He retired from the stage in 1623, in which year he and his brother- player, J. Heming, prepared and published the' First Folio of the plays of their friend and colleague, Shakespeare (q. v.). See Col- liers ' Lives of the Actors,' Halliwell- Phillips's 'Life of Shakespeare,' and Fleay's 'Actors' Lists' (Royal Historical Society). Condell, Henry. Instrumentalist and musical composer, died 1824 ; was a mem- ber, successively, of several theatrical and operatic orchestras ; -wrote the music for ' The Enchanted Island ' (ballet, ISO-i), ' Who Wins ? ' (farce, ISOS), and ' Transformation ' (farce, ISIO), and contributed to the score of 'The Farmer's Wife' (q-v.). Condemned. (1) A comedy-drama by W. Ma>"NING, Prince of Wales's Theatre, Warrington, September 3, 1878. (2) A drama by EUSTON Knowles, first performed in U.S.A., and produced at the Theatre Royal, Castleford, August 25, 1887. Confederacy (The). A comedy by Sir John Vanbrugh (q.v.), first per- formed at the Haymarket on October 30, 1705, with Booth as Dick Amlet, Pack as Brass (his servant), Dogget as Moneytrap, Leigh as Gripe (a scrivener), Mrs. Barry as Clarissa (his wife), ]\Irs. Bracegirdle as Flip- ■panta (her maid), Mrs. Bradshaw as Corinna (daughter of Gripe), Mrs. Porter as Ara- rninta (wife of Moneytraj)), Mrs. Willis as Mrs. Amlet, and Mrs. Baker as Mrs. Cloggit ; acted ten times. The ' Biographia Dra- matica' (1812) describes it as " in truth only a translation, somefliing improved, of ' Les Bourgeoises k la Mode ' of Mons. D'Ancourt. . . . The language is pleasing, and the plot of the two wives against their husbands well conceived and admirably executed." "'The Confederacy,'" says Hazlitt, " is a comedy of infinite contrivance and intrigue, with a matchless spirit of impudence. It is a fine careless expose of heartless want of principle " (' English Comic Writers '). '■'Dick Amlet and his mother make a choice pair, and Flippanta the lady's maid is a fine specimen of the effrontery of her kind. The morality of this comedy is on Vanbrugh's usual level . . . and the rascally Dick ■ made perfectly liappy at the close " (A. V Ward). The comedy was revived in 170 1709, 1720, and 1725. " Then came some moi notable revivals, at Drury Lane— in 173 with Macklin as Brass and Mrs. Cli\ as Flippanta ; in 1746, with Foote as Die. Yates as Moaeytrap, Peg Wofiington ; Clarissa ; in 1759, with King as Brass, Palnii as Dick, Miss Pope as Corinna, Wilkinson ; Mrs. Amlet ; and in 1769, with ^Nliss Poj as Flippanta and Mrs. Abington as Corinn The piece was seen at Covent Garden 1770, with Yates as Brass, Shuter as Hone trap, and Mrs. BuJkeley as Corinna ; at tl Haymarket in 1785, with Palmer as Brat Bannister, jun., as Dick, and Parsons : Moneytrap ; at Drury Lane in 1796, with Ba nister, jun., as Brass, Suett as Montytra and Mrs. Jordan as Corinna; at Cove' Garden in 1807, with Lewis as Brass, Mundi as Moneytrap, Emery as Gripe, and Mrs. Kemble as Clarissa ; at the Lyceum in 181 with Dowton as Moneytrap and Mathews Gripe; at Drury Lane in 1817, with Harl as Brass and Miss Kelly as Flippanta ; Covent Garden in 1819, 'with W. Farren Moneytrap and Miss Foote as Corinna; a: at Drury Lane in 1525, with Mrs. Yates ' Clarissa and Miss Kelly as Corinna. Confederates. A drama in one a by Henry Woodville, Globe Theat London, February 25, 1897. Confederates (The). See Thr Hours after Marriage. Confession. A play, in prose and blank verse, written by Richard Cumb] LAND, and printed, with other posthumc plays of his, in 1813. The confession is tl of Queen Eleanor (mother of Richard I.),; the effect that a certain Sir Reginald i Tours is her illegitimate son, • Confidant (The), in Sheridj* ' Critic' (q.v.), is a satire upon the conv tional attendant on the heroines of se: mental drama. Confidence. A character in Shirle ' Triumph of Peace ' (q.v.). Confidence. (1) A comedietta by D ,t BouciCAULT (q. V.), adapted from the Frei ., and first performed at the Haymai 1 Theatre, London, on May 2, 1S48. (2". drama in three acts, by R. Cantwi , Britannia Theatre, London, October ;, 1872. Confidence Man (The). A plaj'y John Brougham (g. I-.). Confidential Clerk (The). A fan J comedy in three acts, adapted by Syd ^ WirxMAN and Shedden Wilson from » Moser's ' Der Leibrentet,' first perfor a at the Gaiety Theatre on the afternoc >f June IS, 1SS6, with Percy Compton in.e title part, F. W. Irish and S. Wilkinso-.^ Skroo and Tivistera, and other parts by ./s Sophie Larkin, W. Lestocq, G. Farqur, etc. J CONFLICT CONGREVE Conflict; or, Love, Honour, and ride. A play in blank verse, by Hannah RAND, printed in 1798. Conflict of Conscience (The). A amatic piece in six acts, "containing a ost lamentable example of the doleful isperation of a miserable worldling, rmed by the name of Philologus, who rsook the truth of God's gospel, for fear the loss of life and worldly goods ; " compiled " by Nathaniel Woodes, ninister in Norwich," and printed in 1581. lis piece is based on the story of Francis lira. Confusion. (1) A dramatic sketch by lANCis W. Moore, Royalty Theatre, Lon- n, February 23, 1876. (2) An " eccentric " medy in three acts, by Joseph Derrick, st performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, ndon, on the afternoon of May 17, 1883, th P. Day as Mumple/ord, C. Groves as izzard, F. Thorne as James, Miss S. rkin as Miss Tricklehy, and Miss K. shop as Rose; placed in the evening bill July 16, with C. Groves, F. Thorne, and ss Larkin as before, C. Glenney as impleford, Miss Winifred Emery as Rose; lyed in the English provinces in 1884 ; dved at the Vaudeville on January 30, 36, with C. Glenney, C. Groves, F. Thorne, d Miss Larkin as before, and with Miss ite Rorke, Miss ]\L Millett, and F. Mellish other rdles ; again revived at the Vaude- le in May, 1891, and at the Grand, Isling- ji, in December, 1892. bongrenial Souls. A farce by J, H. IMY, Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, tober 3, 1878. Uong-ress at Paris (A). A farce by •)WARD Rose {q.v.), first performed at the /rapic in July, 1878, with a cast including Beerbohm-Tree. Uong-reve, William. Dramatic writer, rn at Bardsey, near Leeds, February 10, 0; son of an officer in the army; was 'Vacated at Kilkenny (1681) and at Trinity liege, Dublin (1685), returning to England : 1688. In March, 1691, he was entered at 3 Middle Temple, and, being fairly well do, began to frequent the society of In of fashion and letters. His first ■fblished work was a novel called 'In- l^nita; or, Love and Duty Reconciled,' \ich appeared in 1692. Early in 1693, his it dramatic piece, 'The Old Bachelor' I vised by Dry den and Southerne), was pro- 'ced at the Theatre Royal with signal !:cess, its polished wit carrying all before '■ The comedy was printed shortly after, ih a rhymed preface by Southerne, in which 'ngreve was saluted as Dryden's natural ixessor. In the same year appeared the ■ nslation of 'Juvenal' and 'Persius,' edited id partly written by Dry den, to whom Con- iive addressed a complimentary poem pre- 9d to the 'Persius.' In November, 1693, "He Congreve's second play, ' The Double : aler,' also produced at the Theatre Royal, b not so triumphantly as its predecessor, its keen satire being resented by the heau monde. It was, however, seen and liked by Queen Mary, who commanded a revival of ' The Old Bachelor ' for her special edifica- tion. In 1694, Addison, in his ' Account of the Greatest English Poets,' devoted a pas- sage to "harmonious Congreve"— "... whose fancy's unexhausted store Has given already much, and promised more." There was at this time dissension among the company at the Theatre Royal, from which Betterton and others — having ob- tained the royal sanction to perform else- where—seceded. A new theatre was built for them in Lincoln's Inn Fields, and, in return for a share in the profits, Congreve undertook to write for them one play per year, "if his health permitted." The house opened accordingly at Easter, 1695, with Congreve's ' Love for Love,' which proveil so acceptable to the public that, "with certain breaks, it continued to be played for the remainder of the year." In ]May, 1695, the dramatist received the appointment of Commissioner of Hackney-coaches, worth only £100 per annum ; while in December John Dennis published a volume of ' Letters upon Several Occasions,' in which Congreve Avas represented by an essay on ' Humour in Comedy.' To 1695 belongs" also Congreve's epilogue to Southerne's 'Oroonoko' {q.v.). He had already begun to write his tragedy, ' The Mourning Bride,' which, however, was not produced at Lincoln's Inn Fields till early in 1697. There was some anxiety as to its reception, but this was quickly dissi- pated, and the play proved itself, "in the long run, the most popular of his efforts. In the controversy raised by Jeremy Collier's 'Short View of the Immorality and Pro- faneness of the English Stage ' "(1698), Con- greve, who had been attacked in it. took part by issuing his ' Amendments of 3Ir. Collier's False and Imperfect Citations,' in which he asserted that the greater part of Collier's examples were "only demonstra- tions of his own impurity," and were "sweet enough till tainted by his breath." In March, 1700, came the production at Lin- coln's Inn Fields of 'The Way of the World,' which, despite its wit, was found to have too little action to fit it for general approval. In the following year Congreve wrote the words of a masque, ' The Judgment of Paris ' {q.v.), which was performed at Dorset Garden, and in 1704 joined Vanbrugh and Walsh in a translation or adaptation of Moli6re's 'Monsieur de Pourceaugnac,' which they called ' Squire Trelooby,' and which was presented at the New Theatre. In 1705 Congreve assumed, with Vanbrugh, the management of the theatre in the Hay- market, and received the lucrative appoint- ment of Commissioner of Wine Licences. His 'Works' (including a three-act opera called ' Semele,' hitherto unprinted and un- performed) were published in three volumes in 1710. His health had for some time been precarious, and from this date onward it gradually grew worse, until, in the autumn of 1728, the upsetting of his coach brought CONJECTURES CONQUEST with it injuries to -nhich he finally suc- cumbed, in London, on January 19, 1729. He ^Tas buried in Westminster Abbey. A. C. Swinburne, discussing Congjeve, says : — "The fame of our greatest comic dramatist is founded wholly or mainly on but three of his five plays. His first comedy was little more than a brilliant study after such models as were eclipsed by this earliest effort of their imitator ; and tragedy in his hands appears rouged and-wTinkled, in the patches and powder of Lady Wishfort. But his three great comedies are more than enough to sustain a reputation as durable as our language. . . . No English ■writer, on the whole, has so nearly touched the skirts of Moliere ; but his s'plendid intelligence is wantino in the deepest and subtlest quality which lias won for Moliere from the greatest poet of his country and our age the tribute of exact and final definition conveyed in that perfect phrase which salutes at once and denotes him — ' ce moqueur pensif comme un apotre ' " (' Encyclopaedia Britan- iiica'). For other criticism, see T. Davies' * Dramatic Miscellanies ' (1784), Hazlitt's \ 'Comic Writers' (1S19), Genest's 'English i Stage' (1832), Macaulay's 'Essays' (1843), Leigh Hunt's ' Dramatic Works of Congreve, ] etc' (1S49), Thackeray's 'English Humor- ists' (1653), A. W. Ward's 'English Dra- matic Literature' (1875), T. H. Ward's ' English Poets' (ISSO), and A. C. Swinburne's 'Miscellanies' (1SS6). For biography, see • Biographia Britannica ' (1747-66), T. Cibber's ' Lives of the Poets ' (1753), Johnson's ' Lives of the Poets ' (1781), ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812), H. Coleridge's ' Biographia Borealis ' (1833), ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (Leslie Stephen, 1887), and E. Gosse's ' Life of William Congreve ' (ISSS). Conjectures. A piece in one act, per- formed at the Haymarket in 1830. Conjug-al Lesson (A). "A comic scene" by H. Dan vers, first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on July 8, 1856, with F. Robson as Simon Lullahy and Mrs. Stirling as Mrs. Letitia Lullaby; re- vived at the (Jaiety in February, 1876. Conjuror (The). (1) A farce by Miles Peter Andrews (q.v.), produced at Drury Xane in April, 1774. (2) A farce in three acts, by Archibald M'Laren, printed in 1781. Conn. The "shaughraun" in Bouci- CAULT's play of that name iq.v.) ; and the leading figure in ' Conn ; or. Out of Sight, Out of Erin : ' a burlesque of ' The Shaugh- raun.' written by F. W Green, and pro- duced at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, on April 28, 1879. In this piece Conn was represented by Miss Topsy Venn, with Miss F. ChalgTove as Moya, F. J. Stimson as Harvey Duff, and A. Wheatman as Robert I'follwtt. Connecticut Yankee (A). A play hy Mark Twain and H. P. Taylor, per- formed in U.S.A. Connemara. A drama of Irish life b\ J. C. Chute, Prince of Wales's Theatre' Warrington, May 24, 1880. Connoisseur (The); or, Every Mar in his Folly. A comedy written by Co NOLLY, in satire of "virtuosity," acted a' Drury Lane, and printed in 1736. Connor, Charles. Actor, died 1826 was educated at Trinity College, Dublin made his professional debut at Bath abou 1807, and his first appearance in London a Covent Garden in September, 1816. Amonf his most notable parts were Filch in ' Th. Beggar's Opera,' Sir Callaghan in Macklin' 'Love k la Mode,' Terry O'Rourke in 'Th Irish Tutor,' Julio in Procter's ' Mirandola, Dennis Brulgruddery in ' John Bull,' Si Lucius O'Trigger, Looney Mactwolttr, etci See Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1826~i —His wife was seen at Covent Garden i', 1821 as the Duchess of York in 'Richar III.' and Servia in ' Virginius.' Conover, Mrs., was for a time lesse and manager of the Olympic Theatre, Lor don, where, in September, 18S6, sheappeare as Lady Macbeth. Conquering Game (The). A " petite comedy in one act, by W. Bayle Bernar (q-v.), first performed at the Olympic Th' atre, London, on November 3, 1832, wit Farren as Charles XII. and other parts t J. Vining, Selby, Bland, Mrs. Macnamar and Mdme. Ves'tris. Conquerors (The). A drama in io\. acts, by Paul M. Potter (q.v.), first pe^ formed at the Empire Theatre, New Yor ; January 4, 1893 ; first performed in Englau at the St. James's Theatre, London, on Api. 14, 1898, with George Alexander as Eric V(' Rodeck, Miss Julia Neilson as Yvonne '■ Grandpre, Miss Fay Davis as Babiole, Fn- Terry as Hugo, H. B. Irving asJeanBaudi' and other parts by W. H. Vernon, J. D. Bev ridge, H. V. Esmond, R. Loraine, etc. burlesque of this, entitled 'The Con-(I^rer written by Edgar Smith and Louis 3 Lange, and composed by John Strombei was produced in New York on March 17, IS Conquest, Benjamin Oliver. Aci, and theatrical manager, born in London . 1805 ; died July, 1872 ; made his debut the former capacity in 1827 at the Pavili Theatre, E., as Buskin in * KilUng Murder' {q.v.). His real name was Oliv; that of Conquest being assumed for stf purposes. F^om the Pavilion he went < the Olympic, and in 1830, with two partnc opened the Garrick Theatre, Leman Stre E., which was burned down in Novemb 1846. After this he appeared again at i Olympic. In March, 1S51, he became p prietor of the Grecian Theatre, of which retained the management till his dea He was, in his day, a'very popular comedL, See Conquest, g'eorge. Conquest, Georg-e. Actor and pi' Wright, born 1837 ; son of B. O. Conqu {q.v.) ; made his first appearance on 1 CONQUEST OF ALGIERS 325 CONSCIOUS LOVERS age at the Grecian Theatre, London, on ecember 26, 1857, as Pastrana Nonsu/^h in 'eter Wilkins and the Flying Indians' .v.). Later (1872) he became manager of .e Grecian, and, still later (1882), of the irrey, where he has been the original presentative of Daniel Gh'oodge in ' Man- nd ' (1881), Zacky Pastrana in ' For Ever ' 1^82), Simmonet and Jagon in 'The rangers of Paris' (1887), Old Proverb in L Dead Man's Gold ' (1887), and so forth. 9 has written the following plays :— )evil on Two Sticks' (1867), 'Rescue on e Raft ' (1867), ' Obliging a Friend ' (1867), 'he Streets to the Hulks' (1869), ' Gene- 3ve' (1872), and ' The Elixir of Life ' (1873) ; addition to many pieces produced in Uaboration with Henry Pettitt (q-v.), Paul 3ritt (5.V.)' Arthur Shirley (g. u. )- and Henry ry {q.v.), as well as with G. Comer {qv.), I Craven {q.v.), and Lily Tinsley {q.v.). — |U son, George Conquest, jun., born 1858, peared at the Grecian in pantomime in 38, and has since played many original rts. ponquest of Alg-iers (The). See kMAH DROOG. Conquest of Brute (The). A play John Day and Henry Chettle, re- red to in Henslowe's ' Diary,' July, 1598. Conquest of China by the Tartars he). A tragedy by Elkanah Settle v.); written in heroic verse, acted at the rset Garden in 1674, and printed in 1676. Robert Howard, it appears, wrote a play led ' The Conquest of China,' which was have been revised by Dryden ; but it was ther acted nor printed. I!onqtiest of Granada by the laniards (The). A tragedy in two ■ts, by John Dryden {q.v.), entered on ) Stationers' books in February, 1670-71, ;1 published in 1672. The original cast ; the Theatre Royal included Hart as nanzor, Mohun as Abdelmelech, Kynaston ••Boabdelin (King of Granada), Beeston as ' nyn, Cartwright as Abcnamar, Wintershal i Selin, Nell Gwynn as Almahide, IMrs. ^i-shal as Lyndaraxa, INIrs. Bowtel as Ben- ■ da, Littlewood as Ferdinand (King of liin). Bell as Duke of Arcos, and Mrs. ■nes as Isabel (Queen of Spain). [Nell ' 'ynn spoke the prologue to the first part, ' iring a broad-brimmed hat, in caricature I one with which Nokes had adorned him- ■ f on a similar occasion, and which had \ atly entertained the public] " The Moors i besieged in Granada. Almanzor, who is a Unger from Africa, performs prodigies of ' our. He persists in his love fov Almahide, 1 Avithstanding that she is married to -ihdelin. At the conclusion, Boabdelin |ng killed, there is no longer any obstacle Uhe union of Almanzor and Almahide" ( mest). The tragedv was revived at Drury Jie on March 5, 1709, with Powell as ^nanzor, Wilks as Osmyn, Mills as Abdel- '>'ech. Husband as Boabdelin, Mrs. Knight ' ^yndaraxa, and Mrs. Rogers as Almahide. Conquest of Mag-dala (The); and the Fall of Theodore. A spectacular drama by Stocqueler, Astley's Theatre, London, September 12, 1868. Conquest of Spain (The). A tragedy, founded on ' All's Lost by Lust ' (q.v.), ascribed to Mrs. Pix, and performed at the Haymarket in 1705 (Downes). Conquest of Taranto (The); or, St. Clara's Eve. An historical play in three acts, by W. Dimond {q.v.), the music by Bishop, first performed at Covent Garden on April 15, 1817. See Rinaldo. Conquest of the "West Indies (The). A play by W. Haughton, Went- WORTH Smith, and J. Day, performed in 1601. Conrad and Lizette ; or, Life on the Mississippi. A play in four acts, Duke's Theatre, London, March 29, 1880. Conrad and Medora; or, Harle- quin Corsair and the Little Fairy at the Bottom of the Sea. A burlesque- pantomime by W. Brough {q.v.), founded on the French ballet, 'Le Corsaire,' and first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on December 26, 1856, with Mrs. A. Mellon (Miss Woolgar) as Conrad, Mrs. C. Dillon as Medora, J. L. Toole as Birbante, S. Calhaem as Yussuf, Jlrs. B. White as Gulnare, Miss M. Wilton as Serena (the little fairy), etc. ; performed at Wallack's Lyceum, New York, in August, 1857, with a cast in- cluding John Wood and Mrs. John Wood. Conscience. A character in the moral- play of ' Appius and Virginia ' {q.v.). Conscience. (1) A tragedy translated by Thomp.son from the German of Iffland, and printed in 1800. (2) A comedy by Joseph Aston (? 1767-1844), performed at the Theatre Royal, Manchester, in 1815. (3) A tragedy by J. T. Haines, performed at Drury Lane in February, 1821, with a cast including Wallack, Cooper, and Mrs. W. West. (4) A play produced at the Union Square Theatre, New York, in 1876, with Miss Clara Morris as Constance. (5) A drama by Henry Vandenhoff, produced at the Alexandra Opera House, Sheffield, November 13, 1877. (6) A play by A. E. Lancaster, performed in U.S.A. Conscience Money. A comedy-drama in three acts, by H. J. Byron {q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon- don, on September 16, 1878, Avith the author as Dick Sim2)Son, W. Terriss as Sydney Sefton, C. Kelly as Fred Damer, R. Pateman as Sir Archibald Crane, David Fisher, jun., as Tapery, Miss Pateman as 3Hss Calverley, Miss Emily Thorne as Mrs. Calverley. Conscious Lovers (The). A comedy in five acts, by Sir Richard Steele {q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on November 7, 1722, with Booth as young Bevil, Wilks as Myrtle, C. Cibber as Tom, Griffin as Cimber- ton, W^illiams as Sealand, Mills as Sir John Bevil, T. Cibber as Daniel, Mrs. Oldfield CONSCRIPT CONSTANCE as Indiana, Mrs. Booth as Liicinda, Mrs. Younger as Phillis, Mrs. Moore as Mrs. Sealand, and Mrs. Thurmond as Isabella. The outhne of the play had been suggested by the ' Andria ' of Terence, and Booth, when at Westminster School, had played Pamphili'.s— the character to which young Bevil corresponds. Steele witnessed the first representation, and, according to Victor, was charmed with all the performers except Griffin. The piece was well received, and performed twenty-six times. In the follow- ing month it was published with a dedication to the king, and in the preface Steele de- clared that " The chief design of this was to be an innocent performance," and that " the whole Avas writ for the sake of the scene in the fourth act, wherein Mr. Bevil evades the quarrel with his friend." This, of course, was directed against the practice of duel- ling. T. Cibber says that the characters of Tom and Phillis were not in the play as originally written, and they appear to have been introduced in response to C Cibber's remark that the work, as it at first stood, was "rather too grave for an English audience." Steele admits that C. Cibber made several alterations in the comedy before it was acted, but these, he says, were " to its dis- advantage." Fielding makes Parson Adams say : " I never heard of any plays fit for a Christian to read, but 'Cato'*and 'The Conscious Lovers ; ' and, I must own, in the latter there are some things almost solemn enough for a sermon." " The story of In- diana and of Bevil's virtuous love for her might have served," says A. W. Ward, "as a subject for an Iffland or a Kotzebue. . . . Old Humphrey is the conventional figure of the trusty old family servant ; on the other hand, there is real freshness and humour in the loves of Tom and Phillis." The comedy was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1730, with Quin as young Bevil ; at Drury Lane in 1736, with Mrs. Cibber as Indiana and Mrs. Clive as Phillis ; at Covent Garden in 1741, with Peg "Woifington as Phillis; at Drury Lane in 1747, with Barry as young Bevil and Macklin as To7n ; at the same theatre in 1751, with Ross as young Bevil; at Covent Garden in 1758, with Mrs. Bellamy as In- diana ; at Drury Lane in 1759, with Mrs. Abington as Lucinda ; at the same theatre in 1766, with Mrs. Yates as Indiana and Miss Pope as Phillis ; at Covent Garden in 1774, with Lewis as young Bevil and Mrs. Mattocks as Phillis ; at the same theatre in 17S7, with Farren as Myrtle and Mrs. Pope as Indiana ; at Drury Lane in 1796, with Kemble as young Bevil, Bannister, jun., as Tom, Miss Farren as Indiana, and Miss Mellon as Phillis ; at Covent Garden in 1797, with Mrs. Abington as Phillis ; and at the same theatre in 1810, with Charles Kemble as young Bevil, Listen as Cimberton, and Mrs. C. Kemble as Phillis. Conscript (The). A farce in one act, bv W. OXBERRY iq.v.), first performed at the Queen's Theatre, London, on January 18, 1836. Conscrit (Le). See Bre.'VKING the Spell. Consequences. A comedy in three acts, by Eyre, printed in 1794. Conspiracy (The). (1) A tragedy by- Henry Killegrew, acted at Blackfriars i printed in 1638, and reprinted in 1653 a?' ' ' Pallantus and Eudora,' Pallantus bemj^ the chief of the conspirators, and Eudon the daughter of the reigning king when they depose. (2) A tragedy in rhymec verse by \V. Whitaker, performed at Dorse i Garden in 1680. (3) A tragedy founded oi< Metastasio's ' Clemency of Titus,' attributecj | to Jephson (g.v.), and produced at Drur\' Lane in November, 1796, with a cast in eluding J. P. Kemble, C. Kemble, Barryj more, Palmer, and ; Mrs. Siddons. (4) i, play in four acts, by G. L. Gordon' {q.v.^. first performed at the Prince of Wales'' Theatre, Liverpool, on June 16, 1882, witlj a cast including the author and Miss Carri ' Lee Stoyle. Conspiracy and Trag-edy oi Charles, Duke of Byron, Marsha' of Prance (The). Two plays by Georg • Chapman {q.v.), each in five acts— one dt, voted to the ' Conspiracy,' the other to th' ' Tragedy ; ' both published in 1608 a* having been "acted lately at the Blacl' Friars." " They are founded on the histor of France in the time of Henry IV. Byro is represented as a man of great valour, bi vainglorious. He never thinks his merit have been sufficiently rewarded. He entei into a conspiracy with the king's enemie and is executed for treason " (Genest Swinburne describes the two plays as '' small epic in ten books or acts," " tl noblest memorial we have of its author original powers." "We close the book, he says, " with a full and satisfied sense < severe delight in the deep inner music whic sounds on in the mind's ear after study • the thought and passion which inform i . . . Upon the two high figures of the ma shal and the king Chapman has expends his utmost power ; and they confront ea< other on his page in gigantic outline. . . The high poetic austerity of this work as now stands is all the more striking from tl absence of any female element ; the quei appears in the fourth act of the second pa' as little more than a dumb figure ; tl- whole interest is political, and the whc character is masculine, of the action a;: the passion on which the poet has fixed o attention and concentrated his own. : passage now cancelled, in which the que and Mademoiselle de Verneuil were broug' forward, and the wife gave the mistress box on the ear, had naturally drawn do^ a remonstrance from the French arabi sador who saw the domestic life of I' master's court presented with such singui frankness of exposition to the contempore' eyes of London playgoers ; and at his stigation the play was not unreasonal^ prohibited." Constance. (1) A play by Robk. Buchanan iq.v.). first performed at " lack's Theatre, New York, in Novemb CONSTANCE CONSTANTINE THE GREAT i84, ■with E. J. Henley as the Duke ■'Azafilio, Osmond Tearle as Fevered, Her- jrt Kelcey as Captain Ilarloive, Mdine. "onisi as Mrs. Melville, and Miss Rose oghlan as Lady Constance Harlowe. (2) n opera written by T. W. Robertson and )mposed by Frederick Clay. Constance. (1) Widow of Geoffrey, like of Bretagne, and mother to Arthur, : 'King John' (q.v.). (2) Daughter of rhe Provost of Bruges' in Sheridan NOWI.ES'S play so named (q.v.). (3) aughter of Sir William Fondlove in She- IDAN Knowles'S ' Love Chase ' (q.v.). (4) 1 Browning's 'In a Balcony' {q.v.). (5) tie heroine of J. Mortimer's ' Heartsease ' '.v.). (6) Daughter of the pew-opener in ilbert and Sullivan's 'Sorcerer' {q.v.). ') The heroine of Stephens and Solomon's ;;;iaude Duval' {q.v.). (8) A character in )me English versions of ' The Three Muske- ers '(?.!'.). Constance Frere. A play by Her- ert Gough and Morris Edwards, audeville Theatre, London, June 27, 1887. Constant. (1) Sir Bashful and Lady onstant are characters in Murphy's ' Way . Keep him' (q.v.). (2) ^'cd Constant, in jANBRUGH'S 'Provoked Wife' (q.v.), is a iver of Lady Brute. (3) Captain Constant, i Fielding's ' Coffee-house Politician,' is ilove with Ililaret. Constant Couple (Th.e) ; or, A Trip D the Jubilee. A comedy in five acts, f George Farqlhar(7.v.)> ^rst performed -; Drury Lane Theatre " at the latter end " ,ays Genest) of 1C99. The cast comprised l^ilks as Sir Harry Wildair, Powell as plonel Staridard, Pinkethman as Beau iincher, Johnson as Alderman Smufi(jler, ullock as Clincher, jun., Norris as Dicky, AUs as Vizard, Haines as Tom Errand, Ts. Verbruggen as Lady Lureivell, ^Mrs. core as Parly, Mrs. Rogers as Angelica, id Mrs. Powell as Lady Darling. The Biographia Dramatica ' (1S02) accuses Far- jahar of taking the characters of Lady Lxire- Vll and Colonel Standard, the incident of kau Clincher and Tom Errand's change of othes, and "other circumstances," from publication called ' The Adventures of ovent Garden,' issued in 1699. Genest says lat Lady Lurewell and the outlines of the 10 Clinchers were borrowed from ' ^Madam ickle ' (1696) {q.v.). He adds that " Norris, om his peculiar happiness in hitting off the laracter of Dicky, lost his own name of enry, and was frequently called in the Jaybills Jubilee Dicky." Farquhar attri- |ited the success of the play to Wilks's ;ting. Certain it is that that success rought him three "benefit" nights. The ece was revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in '31, with Ryan as Sir Harry and Quin as fandard; at Drury Lane in 1739, with fiffard as Sir Harry, Havard as Standard, acklin as Beau Clincher, and Mrs. Giffard .; Lady Ltirewell ; at Covent Garden in '40, with Peg Woffington as Sir Harry, ibber, jun., as Beau Clincher, and Mrs. Bellamy as Angelica ["Sir Harry Wildair acted by a woman was a novelty. Mrs. Woffington represented the character with so much ease, elegance, and propriety of deportment, that no male actor has since equalled her in it. She acted it twenty times the first season "] ; at Drury Lane in 174-2 with Mrs. Clive as Lady Lureicell, in 1743 with Garrick as Sir Harry and Peg Woffington as Lady Lurev:ell, in 1762 with O'Brien as Sir Harry and Mrs. Yates as Lady Lureivell, in 1771 with Mrs. Barry as Sir Harry Sind Mrs.Baddeley as Lady Lure- rvell, in 1776 with :\Irs. Greville as Sir Harry, Palmer as Standard, and King as Beau Clincher, in 1779 with Miss Walpole as Sir Hai-ry, Palmer as Beau Clincher, and Miss Pope as Lady Lurewell ; at Covent Garden in 1785, with Lewis as Sir Harry and Quick as Beau Clincher ; at Drury Lane in 1783, with Mrs. Jordan as Sir Hai-ry, Bannister, jun., as Beau Clincher, Suett as Clincher, jun., and Mrs. Kemble as Angelica ; at the Haymarket in 1789, with ]Mrs. Goodall as Sir Harry ; at Drury Lane in 1805, with Ellis- ton as Sir Harry, Barrymore as Standard, Bannister a^- Beau Clincher, Dowton as Smuggler, and Miss Mellon a.s Angelica ; and at the Haymarket in 1820, with Mrs. ilardyn as Sir Harnj and Terry as Smuggler. Constant Maid (The). (I) A comedy by James Shirley {q.v.), acted at " the Nursery in Covent Garden," and first printed in 1G40. (2) A ballet performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, in January, 1788. Constant Nymph (The); or, The Rambling- Shepherd. A play in rhymed verse, licensed in August. 1677, and per- formed at Dorset Garden, with Mrs. Better- ton as Alveria (the nymph), Mrs. Mary Lee as Astativ.s (the shepherd), and other parts by Mrs. Barry, Sandford, Medbourne, etc. Constantia. (1) Daughter of Dondhert in 'The Birth of Merlin' {q.v.). (2) Sister of Petruccio in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Chances' (q.v.). (3) Coiistantia, in Mack- LlN's Man of the World ' {q.v.), is in love with Egerton M'Sycophant. (4) Constantia li'eville, in 'She Stoops to Conquer' (q.v.). Constantine and "Valeria. A play by Jo.\NNA Baillie, produced at the Surrey Theatre (London), Liverpool, Edinburgh (1820), DubUn, etc. Constantine the Great ; or, The Tragedy of Love. A play by Na- thaniel Lee, performed at the Theatre Royal in 1684, with Smith in the title part, Betterton as Crispus, Mrs. Barry as Fausta, Griffin as Dabnatius, Goodman as Annibal, Gillow as Arius, Wiltshire as Lycinitis, and Mrs. Cook as Serena. The epilogue was by Dryden. The cha- racters are historical, but the incidents fictitious. " Constantine is represented as in love with Fausta, and contracted to her. Crispus, his son, not knowing this, marries her. Constantine threatens Crispus and Fausta with death ; but at last and with great difficulty he gets the better of his I CONSTANTIUS 328 CONTRAST love, and resigns Fausta to his son" (Genest). (2) ' Constantine : ' a tragedy by Dr. Francis, adapted from the French, and performed at Covent Garden in Feb- ruary, 1754, with Barry as the Emperor, Smith as Aurelian, Miss Bellamy as Fulvia (wife of Const antint), etc. In this instance, also, the plot is unhistorical. Constantius. A son of Constantine in MiDDLETON's ' Mayor of Queenborough.' Constanza. Daughter of Fernando de Azevida, disguised as a young Spanish gipsy, and called by the name of Pretiosa, in MiDDLETON's 'Spanish Gipsy' (q.v.). Consultation. A play performed at the Haymarket in April, 1705. Contempt of Court. (1) An operetta written by Arthur Matthison, and com- posed by Edward Solomon, first performed at the Folly Theatre, London, May 5, 1877, with Furneaux Cook as the ISIagistrate, Wyatt as the Defendant, Mdme. Dolaro as the Plaintiff (Amelia Tarton), and Miss Harriett Coveney as her mamma. (2) A comedy in three acts, by Dion Boucicault iq.v.), adapted from ' Le Rt^veillon,' with an act of 'Americans in Paris' {q.v.) interpo- lated, and first performed in London at the Marylebone Theatre, on October 1, 1879; produced at Wallack's Theatre, New York, on October 4, 1879, with a cast including Miss Ada Dyas, H. Beckett, and others. See Committed for Trial. Contending Brothers (The). See Twin Rivals. Contented Woman (A). A four-act farce corned v, by CHARLES H. Hoyt, Star Theatre, Buffalo, September 2, 1895 ; New York City, Hoyt's Theatre, January 4, 1897. Contention between Liberality and Prodig-ality (The). A "pleasant comedie, play'd before Her Majestic," printed anonymously in 1602. Contention between the Two Famous Houses of York and Lan- caster (The). See Henry VI. Contention for Honour and Riches. See Honoria and Mammon. Contention of Ajax and Ulysses for the Armour of Achilles (The). An interlude by James Shirley {q.v.\ " taken from the 13th book of Ovid's ' Meta- morphoses,' " and printed in 1659. Contest of Beauty and "Virtue (The). A play adapted from Metastasio, and set to music by Dr. Arne ; performed at Covent Garden in honour of the royal nuptials in 1773, and printed in that year. Contest, Sir Adam. The leading character in Mrs. Inchbald'S 'Wedding Day'(3.u.). Contested Election (The). A comedy by Tom Taylor (^.r.), suggested by some contemporary election proceedings, and first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on June 29, 1859, with J. B. Buck- stone as Peckover, H. Compton as Honeybun W. Farren as Wapshott, C. J. Mathews as Dodgson, Mrs. Charles Mathews as Mrs. Honeybun, Miss Fanny Wright as Clara Honeybun, Rogers as Topper, Braid as Gathercole, Clark as Spitchcock. Contrabandista (The). An opera in two acts, libretto by F. C. Burnand (founded partly on a farce written by him and 3I0NTAGU Williams), music by Arthur Sullivan, first performed at St. George's Hall, Langham Place, London, on December 18, 1867, with Miss Lucy Franklein as Inez de Roxas, Miss Arabella Smyth as Rita, Aynsley Cook as San JosS, Shaw as Mr. Grigg, etc. This work was afterwards revised and extended by the author and composer, and reproduced in that form as 'The Chieftain '(?. v.). Contract. The name of an alderman and his son (a pugilist) in Beazley's ' Boarding House ' {q.v.). Contract (The). (1) A play performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in April, 1731. (2) A comedy in two acts, by Dr. Thomas Franck- lin, founded on Destouches' 'L' Amour Usd,' and performed at the Haymarket Theatre in June, 1776. (3) A farce by Cobb, performed at Drury Lane Theatre in April, 1779 ; played afterwards as ' The Fe- male Captain.' (4) A comic opera by Robert Houlton, acted at Dublin in 1783. (5) A drama in five acts, by H. C. Hillier, Theatre Royal, Margate, June 6, 1887. Contrariety. A farce, printed in 1796. Contrary Winds. An operetta, U- bretto by Frederick Wood, music by George Fox, New Theatre, July 24, 1882. Contrast (The) ; " or, A tragical comica] Rehearsal of Two Modern Plays, and the Tragedy of Epaminondas." A play by Drs Benjamin and John Hoadly {q.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in April, 1731. "H was intended," says the ' Biographia Dra matica,' " to ridicule the then living poets among whom we find, by the ' Grub Stree' Journal,' Mr. Thomson, author of 'Tb Seasons,' was to be numbered. At the desiri of Bishop Hoadly it was suppressed, anc; every scrap of paper, copy, and parts re called by Mr. Rich, and restored to thi authors. Mr. Fielding availed himsel afterwards of the same design in his cele brated and popular pp-formance callei 'Pasquin'" {q.v.). (2) . . "dramatic pas toral," printed in 1752. (3) A farce b Waldron, acted once at Drury Lane (Ma; 12, 1775). (4) A comedy in five acts, b ROYALL Tyler {q.v.), first performed a John Street Theatre, New York, on April K 1787, and remarkable as " the first America play which had ever been got up on a regula stage, by a regular company of comedians. "The comedy," says Dunlap, "is extreme) deficient in plot, dialogue, or incident, bi has some marking in the characters, an in that of Jonathan, played by Wignell, ' degree of humour, and knowledge of wh; is termed Yankee dialect." The play wi I CONTRE-BASSE CONWAY rinted in 1790, with a title page drawing ;tention to the fact that the author was an merican citizen, while the prologue called pen the audience to rejoice in the fact that ere was a play which might be properly Uied their own (' Biographia Dramatica ')• -* Contrast : ' a play adapted by Miss Mar- CBT from the French of Decourcelle and -hiboust, and performed in the United bates in 1888. Contre-Basse (La). See Base Im- aSTOR. Contretems (The) ; or, The Rival [pUeens. An anonymous farce, printed 1 1727. It was not intended for representa- on, being written only in ridicule of the mfusion which at that time reigned in the ing's Theatre in the Haymarket, in conse- Lience of the contest for superiority between le two celebrated prime dorme, Signore austina and Cuzzoni. Contrivances (The) ; or, More ;Vays than One. A ballad farce in one :ct, by Henry Carey, first performed at >rury Lane in August, 1715. Convent Belles. A play by Edward 'ITZBALL, produced at the Olympic Theatre, ,ondon, 1841-44. Convent of Pleasure (The). A omedv by the DucHESs of Newcastle, rinted in 1668. Conversion of Eng-land (The). An istorical drama by the Rev. Hp:nry Cress- tell, first performed in the ])arish room of ■t. Peter, Vauxhall, London, in 1885 ; after- wards performed at Claphani, Croydon, ;urbiton, and (January, 189S) in the Great lall of the Church House, Westminster. Conversion of Saul (The). A six- eenth-century "mystery," first printed in 835. Convert (The). A play in four acts, ranslated by Constance Garnett from the lussian of Sergius Stepniak, and per- ormed at the Avenue Theatre, London, >n June 14, 1898, with a cast including ^aurence Irving. C. Charrington, Mrs. Cheodore Wright, INIiss INIargaret Halstan, vliss Suzanne Sheldon, etc. Converts (The) ; or, The Folly of Priestcraft. A comedy, printed in 1690. Jee Langbaiue. Convict (The). (1) A play performed it the City of London Theatre in November, 838. (2) A drama by C. H. STEPHENSON, ^aviUon Theatre, London, February 1,1863. 3) A drama by H. Neville, Royal Amphi- iheatre, Liverpool, August 3, 1868. (4) A play by Ida M. Colford, produced in U.S.A. Convict's Wife (The). See Marah. Conway, Henry B. Actor, born 1850 ; mde his professional ddbut at the Olympic rheatre, London, in December, 1872, as the anginal Bernard in Yates and Dubourg's 'Without Love' (q.v.). The characters of which he was afterwards the first repre- sentative include :—Cou7it de Flamarens in 'Philip' (Lyceum, 1874), Fred Meredith in 'Brothers' (Court, 1876), Faustus in 'Gretchen' (Olympic, 1879), Sir Geoffrey Deene in 'Duty' (1879), Philip Eden in ' Odette ' (Haymarket, 1882), Captain Fan- shaw in ' Saints and Sinners ' (Vaudeville, 1884), Faust in Wills's ' Faust ' (Lyceum, 1835), Lord Archibald in Calmour's 'Love's Martyrdom' (Criterion, 1886), Joseph Andrews in 'Joseph's Sweetheart ' (Vaude- ville, 1888), Frank Blandish in 'The Widow Winsome' (Criterion, 1888), and Herbert Daring in ' The Honourable Herbert ' (Vau- deville, 1891). He was also in the original casts of ' A Bridal Tour ' (1880), ' A Lesson ' (1881), ' Devotion ' (1884), ' Evergreen ' (1884), 'The Opal Ring' (1885), 'Phyllis' (1889), Tresahar's ' Catspaw ' (1889), ' Dick Wilder ' (1S91), and ' Diamond Deane ' (1891). He has been seen in London, at the Lyceum, as Francois in ' Richelieu ' (1873), Christian in ' The Bells ' (1874), Lord Moray in Wills's ' Charles I.' (1874), and Osric (1874) ; at the Haymarket, as Dick Doivlas (1875), Romeo (1876), Orlando (1876), Lucio in ' Measure for Measure' (1876), and Sebastian in 'Twelfth Night' (1878); at the Aquarium, as Squire Thornhill (1878) ; at the Prince of Wales's, as Julian Beauclerc in ' Diplomacy ' (1878) ; at the Haymarket, as Alfred Evelyn, Lord Beanfoy, and Captain Absolute (1880), Sir Charles Pomander, Sidney Daryl, and D>i Neuville (1881), Angus McAllister (1882), George D'Alroy (1883), and Captain Bradford in 'Peril' (1884); at the Court, as Douglas Winthrop in ' Young Mrs. Winthrop ' (1884), and Fawley Denham in ' The Denhams ' (1885) ; at the Strand, as Sir John Melvil in •The Clandestine Marriage' (1887); at the Vaudeville, as Lord Islay in ' Fascination ' (1888) ; at the Gaiety, as Philip Selwyn in ' A Fool's Paradise ' (1889) ; and at the Vaudeville, as Mumpleford in ' Confusion,' and 2'o»i Fashion in 'Miss Tomboy ' (1891). Conway, Hugh[F. J. Fargus]. Novelist and playwright, born 1848, died 1885. See Called Back and Dark Days. Conway, "William Augustus. Actor, born 1789, died 1828 ; educated at Barbadoes ; made his professional d4but at Chester, and, after various provincial en- gagements, made his first appearance ia London at Covent Garden on October 4, 1813, as Alexander the Great. At this the- atre, between 1813 and 1815, he was seen as Othello, Romeo, Henry V., Coriolanus, An- tony (' Julius Caesar'), Macbeth, Posthumus, Petruchio, Orlando, Richmorid, FauleoU' bridge, and Macduff; also, as Jaffier, young Norval, young Fashion, Alonzo ('The Re- venge'), Rolla, George Barmvell, Comus, Beverley ('The Gamester'), and Pizarro. From 1815 to 1821 he was at Bath. In the latter year he acted at the Haymarket as Lord Toivnly, Doricourt, etc., and, it is said, was so indignant at certain new.spaper comments on his work, that he decided ta leave the stage, However, in JS23, he was CONYERS 330 COOKE offered and accepted an engagement in New York, where he appeared for the first time on January 12, 1S24. He tignred in a round of his chief parts, but before very long, it would seem, broke down mentally, throwing himself overboard one day in 1828 while on his way to Charleston harbour. Genest says of him that he "was awkwardly tall, but his fiue figure was of service to him in Coriolamis and such characters. In 'The Libertine' he looked the part to perfection. On the whole, he was a good actor." Criticisms on his acting will be found in Hazlitt's ' View of the English Stage,' and there are several references to him in Macready's 'Eeminiscences.' See, also, Ireland's ' New York Stage.' Conyers, Addie. Actress ; made her first appearance in London at the Vaudeville Theatre in ' A Wet Day ' (1884). In the re- vival of ' Don Juan Junior ' at the Avenue in 1888 she played Ilaidee, and she followed Miss :SIav Yohe at the Lyric Theatre as the hero of 'Little Christopher Columbus' iq.v.). She has had much experience in the English provinces, America, South Africa, and Australia. Cook, Alice Aynsley. Actress and vocalist ; was the original Zerlina in ' Don Giovanni in Venice ' (Gaiety, London, 1873). At the Prince's, Manchester, she was in the first cast of Alfred Cellier's ' Nell G\vynne ' {q.v.) and ' Tower of London ' iq.v.) ; and at the Court Theatre, Liver- pool, she was the original Alice in Stanis- laus' 'Lancashire Witches' {q.v.). At the London Gaiety in 1881 she was the first representative of Dolly in Lutz's ' All in the Downs ' {q.v.). Cook, Captain. See Death of Cap- tain Cook. Cook, Ed-ward Button. Theatrical critic and miscellaneous writer, born 1S29, died 1S83 ; was the author of ' A Book of the Plav ' (1876), ' Hours with the Players ' (1S81), ' Nights at the Play ' (1883), ' On the atage ' (lhS3), and contributions to the ' Dictionary of National Biogi-aphy.' He ■wrote criticisms of the theatre for the ' Pall Mall Gazette' from 1867 to 1875, and for ♦ The World' from 1875 to 1883. With Leo- pold Lewis, he was the author of a play called ' The Dove and the Serpent ' {q.v.). Cook, Fxirneaux. Actor and vocalist ; ■was the original representative of Peter in ♦Cinderella the Younger' (1871), Batifol in ' La Belle Normande ' (18S1), the Lord Mayor in ' The Great Mogul ' (1881), Farmer Bow- man in ' The Merry Duchess' (1883), Squire Bantam in ' Dorothy ' (1886). Cook, Thomas Aynsley. Actor and vocalist, born 1832, died 1894 ; made his London debut at Drury Lane Theatre in September, 1852. He was a member suc- cessively of the National English, Pyne and Harrison, Parepa-Rosa and Carl Rosa opera companies, of the last of which he was a member from its inception in 1872 till his death. Among his original parts were Sir Temple Griffin in ' Lord Bateman ' (1882), Alimanes in ' The Golden Ring ' (1883), and Schnajyjis in 'The Beggar-Student' (1884). His repertory included many of the bass parts in the works of Weber, Meyerbeer, Verdi, Benedict, Wallace, Balfe, and so forth. He was especially popular as General Boom in 'The Grand Duchess' and Devils- hoof in ' The Bohemian Girl. '—Mrs. Aynsley Cook [Harriett Payne], actress and vocahst, born 1S32, died 18S9, made her first metro- politan appearance at Covent Garden The- atre in August, 1862, as Beatrice in ' The Rose of Castile.' She was in the cast of Aubefs •The Ambassadress' (1868) and of Halli- day's ' Lady of the Lake ' (1872). Cooke, Ed-ward (temp. Charles II.); author of a tragedy entitled ' Love's Tri- umph' {q.v.), printed in 1678. Cooke, Georg-e. Actor, born 1811, died 1S63 ; was in the original casts of Brough's 'Masaniello' (1857), W. Collins's 'Light- house' (1857), Brough's 'Doge of Duralto' (1857), T. Taylor's ' Going to the Bad ' (1858) and ' The Porter's Knot ' (1S58), Byron's ' Ma- zeppa ' (1858), T. Taylor's ' Retained for the Defence ' (1859) and ' Payable on Demand,' • and Oxenford's ' Uncle Zachary ' (1860)— all at the Olympic Theatre, -where, in 1861, he . played Damas in ' The Lady of Lyons.' J. A. Cave says that " George Cooke used to play , generous uncles and good-natured guardians i in comedy and farce with an unction and : genial humour all his own " (' Dramatic Life i and Incident'). Cooke, George Frederick. Actor, born at Westminster, April 17, 1756 ; son of' an officer; educated at Berwick-on-Tweed, ' and afterwards apprenticed to a printer.; He made his first appearance as an actor at Brentford in 1776 as Dv.mont in ' Jane Shore.' His metropolitan debut took place at the Haymarket in the spring of 1778 as Castalio in ' The Orphan.' Between that date and the autumn of 1779 he was seen at the same theatre as Modeley in ' The Country Lasses,' Young Belmont in ' The 'F own&lmg,' Lovewell in 'The Clandestine Marriage.' ?ind Glenalvon in ' Douglas. ' During the next twenty years. or so, his energies were confined to the provinces as a member either of stock or of strolling companies. In 1784 he was va Manchester, playing P7i?7otes in 'The Greciar Daughter,' Sir Peter Teazle, etc., and in Liverpool, figuring as Frankley in 'Th( Suspicious Husband,' etc. He had already acquired those habits of bibulous exces:, which were destined to mar his career an( reputation. In 1786 at York he playec Count Baldwin to Mrs. Siddons' Isabella In 1788 at Newcastle he enacted Othello anc: Richard 111., in 1791 at Buxton Joseph Sur face, in 1792 at Liverpool Lear, and in 179; at Buxton Hotspur, Petruchio, Jaques, Si George Airy, Harry Dornton, etc. Fror; November, ^1794, to"^ March, 1795, he was i] Dublin, where he was seen as Macbeth, Shi, lock, Zanga, and so forth. At this junctur* "in a fit of drunkenness and despair h enlisted as a private in a regiment destine COOKE 331 COOKE for the West Indies." Illness, however, prevented his embarking, and his discharge from the array was purchased by the managers of the Manchester Theatre, where he reappeared in March, 1796, as Octavian in ' The Mountaineers.' In the same year he man'ied Miss Daniels, an actress, who soon afterwards divorced him. In 1797 he was again in Dublin, playing lago in ' The Stranger,' etc. He remained in Dublin till 1800, when he was engaged by the manage- ment of Covent Garden. At that theatre, on October 31, he made his etitree as Richard III., at once securing the approval of the audience and the critics. He continued to act at Covent Garden (with intervals spent in the provinces) till 1810. During that period he figured successively as Sir Archy MacSarcasm ('Love h la Mode'), Kitely (' Every Man in his Humour '), Sir \Giles Overreach, Sticlcely ('Gamester'), Fal- Istaff C Henry IV.'), Sir Pertinax MacSyco- \phant, Falstaff (' Merry Wives '), Sir Edward [Mortimer (' Iron Chest), Pierre (' Venice Pre- served'), Bajazet, Ilainh't, Cato, Cornus, King iJohn, Pizarro, Macduff, Hribert, Coriolanus, Jachimo, Major Oakley ('Jealous Wife'), Prospero, Don Felix ('The Wonder'), and Jlenry VIII., in addition to some characters 'already represented by him in the country. 'He was also in the original casts of ' John •Bull ' {Peregrine), ' The School of Reform ' \{Lord Avon'dale), and some less well known (pieces. At Birmingham in 1801 Cooke :played Rolla, and at Glasgow in 1807 Lord Townly. " The trouble which Cooke'.s be- haviour about this time, and perhaps before, gave to the managers, must have been im- measurable. They could not calculate upon him from one hour to another. Sometimes, when they supposed him to be sober, he came to the theatre, and created riot and confusion, by insisting upon going before the public, utterly incompetent to per- iform that for which he was pledged" l(Genest). Accepting an engagement to jappear in America, Cooke made his daven's ' Chimney Corner ' (1861), T. Taylor's ' Ticket-of-Leave Man' (1863) and Settling Day ' (18G5)— at the Olympic ; and )f Reade's ' Robust Invalid ' (1870), Wills's Ninon' and Sims's 'The Last Chance' 1885)— at the Adelphi. Cooper, John. Actor, born at Bath in i790 (Oxberry) ; died in July, 1870 ; made his irst professional appearance at his birth- jlace in March, 1811, as lt)kle in 'Inkle md Yarico.' His London debut was made it the Haymarket in May, 1811, as Count \Montalban in 'The Honeymoon.' After this, |ie performed at various' provincial centres, peing, among other things, the original Vir- [jiniv^ in Sheridan Knowles's play (q.v.). iReturning to London, he was engaged suc- .^essively at Drury Lane (where he shared :he lead with Wallack and Booth), the Hay- narket, Covent Garden, the English Opera tiouse, etc. He was in the original casts 3f Byron's ' Marino Faliero,' Kemble's Point of Honour,' Knowles's ' Love,' Hook's Darkness Visible,' etc. His more notable parts included Othello, Romeo, Antony 'Julius Caesar'), lago, Richmond (' Richard HI.'), the Ghost in 'Hamle,' Hastings in Jane Shore,' Joseph Surface, and Rob Roy. It was written of him, in 1826, that 'just as good an actor as art, without )ne spark of genius, or any effort of the mind, could make, has been made in the person of Mr. Cooper. He is about as much like a real first-rate actor as a fine statue is to a living being" (Oxberry). His last engagement was at the Princess's Theatre under Charles Kean, with whom he appeared as Orozembo in ' Pizarro,' the Duke of York in 'Richard II.,' Major Oakley in 'The Jealous Wife,' the Duke of Exeter in ' Henry V.,' etc. (1856-59). Edmund Yates, in his ' Recollections,' describes Cooper as "a tragedian of the old school, pompous, solemn, pretentious, and dull." G. A. Sala writes: "John Cooper, commonly known as ' Jack,' was a second-rate tragedian — he sometimes played comic parts, however— whom in the forties I recollect very well as playing Henry VIII. to Macready's Cardinal Wolsey. . . . He had a curious intonation, and I can still hear mentally a line of his as Henry VIII. : ' What poiles of wealth hath he not accumulated'" ('Life and Adventures '). See Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography' (1826), Genest's ' English Stage' (1832), Cole's ' Charles Kean ' (1859), etc. Cooper, Thomas Abthorpe. Actor, born at Harrow, 1776; died at Bristol, Pennsylvania, 1849. The son of a surgeon, he first trod the stage at Edinburgh in 1792. Three years later he made his London debut at Covent Garden, appearing as Hamlet, Macbeth, and Lothario (' The Fair Penitent '). In 1796 he went to America, playing for the first time at Philadelphia in December of that year, and at New York in August, 1797 (as Pierre in ' Venice Preserved '). In 1798 lie appeared at John Street and Park Theatre. in the latter city, and was speedily accepted as a favourite. He continued to hold a good position till 1803, when he visited England, and performed at Drury Lane as Richard III., Othello, etc. Returning to the States, he "thenceforward became," says J. N. Ireland, " the great American star," whose glory was not very greatly diminished by the successes even of G. F. Cooke and Edmund Kean. In 1827 he was again seen at Drury Lane. During the late years of his life, his popularity in America declined, and eventually he ac- cepted a position in the United States Custom House. Among his rdles, in addi- tion to those named, were Lear, Shylock, Marc Antony, Petruchio, Jaffier, Duke Aranza, Charles Surface, Master Walter, Virginius, Damon, Lucius Junius Brutus, Glenalvon, Leon (' Rule a Wife '). He had, says Ireland, " a handsome face, full of the most varied expression, a noble person, a fine mellow voice of wonderful capacity of modulation, unusual dignity of manner and gi-ace of action, and a most forcible and eloquent style of declamation." See ' Actors and Actresses ' (New York, 1886) ; also Blake's ' Providence Stage,' Clapp's ' Boston Stage,' Cowell's ' Thirty Years amongst the Players,' Dunlap's ' American Theatre,' Stone's ' Theatrical Reminiscences,' Wil- liams's ' Children of Tliespis,' Wemyss's ' Theatrical Biography.' Cooper, Thomas Clifford. Actor, born March, 1819; died April, 1895; after some provincial experience, made his IL COOPER-CLIFFE COPPER CAPTAIX London ddbut at the Marylebone Theatre in 1847. In 1851 he was at the Lyceum ; after Avhich came engagements, as player, at Manchester, and, as manager, at Hull, Oxford, and elsewhere. hi September, 1872, he joined the company of the Court Theatre, London, v.here he was the original representative of the Duke de Lille in ' A Son of the Soil,' Bombazine in ' Vesta's Temple,' Stratton Strauiess in 'Alone,' Mr. Poppytop in ' The Wedding March,' Morti- boy in ' Ready-Money Mortiboy,' Jlr. Cartel- in ' Brighton,' and O'Fipp in ' Tom Cobb.' At the Lyceum in 1877 he was the original Mr. Pickwick in 'The Trial from Pickwick,' besides playing Old Goblo, Orson in ' The Iron Chest,' M. Deschappeles, Joseph in ' Riche- lieu,' Walter in 'The Bells,' and Parson Meadoivs in 'Eugene Aram.' Returning to the Court in 1880, he was the original ,S'ir Amias Paulet in Wingfield's ' Mary Stuart,' also figuring as Capulet (1881). He was in the first casts of 'Imprudence' (Folly, 1881), ' Mimi ' (Court, 1S81), ' The Manager' (Court, 1882), and ' The Novel Reader ' (Globe, 1882), also undertaking Sir William Honeyivood in ' The Good-Natured Man ' (Gaiety, 1881), and Mr. Symperson in ' Engaged ' (Court, 1881). At the Princess's in 18S2-S5, he was the original representative of Lliah Coomhe in 'The Silver King.' of Alcares in ' Claudian,' of Lucretius in ' Junius,' and of Eridge in ' Hoodman Blind,' besides figuring as Polonius (1884). His last appearance was made as the Admiral in ' A Wife's Sacrifice' (St. James's Theatre, 1886). He married Miss Agnes Kemble (q.v.), who died two days after the death of her husband. See COOPER, Frank. Kemble ; Cooper-Cliffe, Henry. Cooper-Cliffe, Henry. Actor, born 1862 ; son of T. Clitford Cooper (q.v.) ; made his professional dtbut at Grimsby in 1879 in Gilbert-Sullivan opera. His first appear- ance in London took place at the Olympic in 1881, when he was the original Podge in Solomon's ' Claude Duval ' {q.v.). Since then he has been the first representative of Thomas Merton in Solomon's 'Vicar of Bray' (1882), Colonel Tussell in Solomon's ' Polly ' (1884), Flaromer in 'Fay o' Fire' (1885), Sandy Dysonva. ' Sister Mary ' (1886), Peranza in ' The Golden Ladder ' (1887), Harcourt in ' Ben My Chree ' (ISbS), Sir Harry Croydon in ' Nowadays ' (1SS9), Parson Moore in ' The Good Old Times' (1SS9), Arthur St. Aubrey in ' The People's Idol ' (1890), Lararennes in ' The Acrobat ' (1891), Seti in ' Pharaoh ' (1892), and Vaughan in ' Robespierre ' (1899). Other parts played by H. Cooper-Cliffe in- clude Laertes and Glavis (Globe, ISSS), Beau- .seant (Olvmpic, 1890), lachimo and Clarence (in 'Richard III.') (Lyceum, 1896), and Benedick (in 'Much Ado about Nothing') (Queen's, Manchester, 1900). Co-operative MovemerLt (A). A farce by Harry Lemon, played at the Haymarket 'Iheatre, London, in AprU, 1868. Coote, Carrie. Actress; after early experience in pantomime, was the originaJ representative of Irene in Grundy's ' Clito (1886). She has been seen in America a; Maria in ' The School for Scandal,' Molh Seagrim in Buchanan's ' Joseph's Sweet heart,' Peggy in 'Harbour Lights,' etc.—; Lizzie Coote, actress (born 1S62, died 1886) toured in America in 1871, and appeared ii England in 1873 in pantomime, for whicl she was always in request. At the Londor Gaiety in 1879 she played Virginia, in Bur nands ' Unlimited Cash ' and Kate in Byron': ' Daisy Farm.' Coote, Charles. Actor, died 1897 was the first representative of Henry Corket in ' The Silver King ' (1882), Mr. Grant ii 'Margery's Lovers' (1SS4), Shekeniah Pan) in ' The Lord Harry ' (1886). He also playe( Kit in a version of ' The Old Curiosity Shop at the Opera Comique in 1884. Coote, HanurLond. The hero of Al berv'S ' Wig and Gown ' (q. v.). Copeland, BeUa [Mrs. J. B. Buck; stone]. Actress ; made her first appearand' in London at the Haj^market Theatre, or January 5, 1S56, as Cherry in ' The Beaux Stratagem.' Copeland, Fanny. See FiTzwiLLiA>i Mrs. Copeland, "William R. Theatrica manager, born 1799, died 1867 ; brother o: Fanny Copeland (q.v.), and married to sister of Douglas Jerrold's ; after some ex; perience as an actor, became, in 1843, lesse: and manager of the Theatre Royal, an' proprietor of the Royal Amphitheatre Liverpool, and, in 1851, lessee of the Stran^ Theatre, London, which he re-christene " Punch's Playhouse." Copiste, Le. See One Touch o Nature. Copland, Charles. Operatic vocalist educated at Royal Academy cif Music; wa in the original casts of Sullivan's ' Ivar hoe' (1891), and of the English versions ( ' La Basoche ' (q.v.), and ' Hansel and Grate (q.v.). Coppee, Francois. See Passant, Li LUTHIER DE Cremone, Le ; PouR i: Couronne. Copper. "A penitent rebel" in 'Tl Philosopher's Stone' (q.v.). Copper Captain (The). The tit; given to Michael Perez in BEAUMONT ar Fletcher's 'Rule a Wife and Have a Wif(, (q.v.). Perez is a captain of much prete; sion but no substance. His wife says (■ him : " You're a man of copper, a copp' . . . copper captain." " Garrick had co templated appearing in this part, but in oi of the scenes," says Dutton Cook, " trac tion required of the Copper Captain a pe of laughter, and this Garrick found himse unable to accomplish satisfactorily. The was no absolute reason for the laugh, was not necessary to the performance, it w' merely a piece of stage effect ; but it w: felt that the audience would expect it, ai COPPERFIELD CORIN would be disappointed at not obtaining it. Woodward was famous for his laugh, so Garrick, after repeated rehearsals, aban- doned the part altogether." Copperfield, David. See David Cop- PERFIELU. Copy. A publisher in Blanchard Jer- ROLD's ' Beau Brumraell ' (q.v.). Coquetinda. The queen in Planche's 'Amoroso' (q.v.). Coquette. An opera comique in two acts, written by R. E. Pattinson, composed by Daisy Sopwith and Angela Rawlinson ; West Theatre, Albert Hall, London, June 5, 1893. Coquette (The). (1) A comedy by MOLLOY, tirst perfurmed at Lincoli.'s Inn Fields in April, 1718, with Mrs. Spiller in the title part (Mademoiselle Fantast), Ryan &s Bellamy, Mrs. Thurmand a.s Julia Caprice, and other parts by 8piller, Griffin, C. Bul- lock, Mrs. (Jiffard, etc. ; revived at the Haymarket in November. 1793. (2) A play in three acts, adapted by T. Mead (q.c.) from the French, and tirst performed at the Hay- market Theatre, London, on July 8, 1867, with Miss Amy Sedgwick in the leading character (tlie Counters Blanche de Rain- court). (3) A comedy in four acts, by Hawley Smart, Assembly Rooms, Chel- tenham, April 10, 1885. (4) A comedietta by William POEh:(q.v.), Portman Rooms, London, May 16, 1892. (5) A comic opera in three acts, the " book " founded by H. J. W. Dam on Garrido-Lafrique's ' O Molinero d'Alcala,' the lyrics by Clifton Bi.ngham, the music by Justin Clerice ; Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, February 11. 1899, with Miss Aileen D'Orme in the title part, and other 7 6lef( by ;\Iiss Stella Gastelle, Courtice Pounds, ^V. Edouin, J. Le Hay, etc. Coquette, Lady. A cliaracter in Bickerstaff's ' Unburied Dead ' (q.v.). Coquettes. See Two Thorns. Cora; or, Love and Passion. A drama in four acts, adapted by W. G. Wills from Belot's ' L' Article 47,' and first per- formed at the Theatre Royal, Leeds, on March 2, 1874, with Mrs. Hermann Vezin as Cora de Lille, W. Rignold as George du Hamel, Reginald Moore as Victor Mazilier, W. H. Fisher as Potain, and Mrs. St. Henry as Madame du Hamel. On February 28, 1877, the piece was produced at the Globe Theatre, London, asa " drama in a prologue and three acts, by W. G. Wills and Frauk Marshall," with Mrs. Vezin in her original part, J. Fernandez as Du Hamel, E. Leathes as Mazilier, D. Fisher, jun., as Potain, and other parts by W. H. Stephens, J. D. Beveridge, and Miss Telbin. Cora. (1) Wife of Alonzo in Sheridan's 'Pizarro' (q.v.), and in L. Buckingham's travesty of that play. (2) A character in Morton's 'Columbus' (q.v.). (3) A cha- racter in ' L' Article 47 ' (q.v.). Coral, Mrs., in Douglas Jerrold's * Beau Nash '(^.r.). Coralie. A play in four acts, adapted by G. W. Godfrey from ' Le Fils de Coralie ' by Delpit, and first performed at the St. James's Theatre, London, on May 28, 1881, with Mrs. Kendal as Mrs. Trevor, W. H. Kendal as Captain Maimvaring, John Clay- ton as Hugh Derrick, J. Hare as Critcheil, T. N. Wenman as Sir Jonas Meryon, Mrs. Gaston ^Murray as Miss Meryon, Miss Wini- fred Emery as Mabel Meryon, and Miss Co well as Mrs. Battleton. Corbaccio. An old gentleman in Ben Jonson's ' Volpone ' (q.v.), who "hopes he may with charms, like ^Eson, have his youth restored." Corbeille qui abat des noix (XJne). See Too Clever by Half. Corcoran, Captain. Commander of ' H.M.S. Pinafore,' in Gilbert and Sulli- van's operetta (q.v.). He also appears in 'The Wreck of the Pinafore' (q.v.), and in • Utopia, Limited' (g.?;.), where we find him figuring as "Captain Sir Edward Corcoran, K.C.B." Cordatus, in Jonson's ' Every Man out of his Humour' (q.v.), sits on the stage, and makes running comments on the per- formance. Corday, Charlotte. See Charlotte CORDAY'. Cordelia. The youngest daughter of King Lear in Shakespeare's play (q.v.). "If," says Jlrs. Jameson, "'Lear' be the grandest of Shakespeare's tragedies, Cor- delia in herself, as a human being governed by the purest and holiest impulses and motives, approaches near to perfection, and, in her adaptation as a dramatic per- sonage to a determinate plan of action, may be pronounced altogether perfect " (' Cha- I'acteristics of Women '). Cordelia's Aspirations. A play by EDWARD ilARKiGAN (q.v.), revived at New York in April, 1887. Cordelio, in Otway's ' Orphan' (?. v.), is page to Polydore. Corder, Frederick. See Golden Web; Noble Savage; Nordisa. Co - Respondent (The). A farcical comedy in three acts, by G. W. Appleton, performed "for copyright purposes" at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, June 20, 1S96 ; produced, in four acts, at the Grand Theatre, Birmingham, August 3, 1896 ; and at the Metropole Theatre, Camberwell, September 21. 1896. Corey, John. Actor and playwright ; was seen at Lincoln's Inn Fields in October, 1702, and afterwards at the Haymarket and Drury Lane. Among' the parts played by him were Seyton in ' Macbeth ' and Amiens in ' As You Like It.' He A^Tote two plays— 'A Cure for Jealousy' (1701) and 'The Metamorphosis' (1704). See 'Biographia Dramatica' (1812) and Genest (1832). Corin. "The faithful shepherdess" in Fletcher's play (q.v.). CORINNA 336 CORIOLANUS Corinna. Daughter of Gripe in Yan- BRUGH's ' Confederacy' {q.v.). She pairs off with Dick Amlet. Corinne. (1) A drama in four acts, by Robert Buchanan {q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on June 26, 1876, with Mrs. Fairfax as the heroine, C. Warner as Victor de Beauvoir, H. Forrester as Raoul, Atkins as Marat, and Johnston Forbes-Robertson as the Ahbe de Larose. (2) A drama founded upon Mrs. Otto Von Booth's novel of the same name, and first performed at the Standard Theatre, London, May 23, 1885. Coriolanus. (1) A tragedy in five acts, by William Shakespeare (^q.v.), first printed in the Folio of 1623. It is based upon the story of Coriolanus as told by Sir Thomas North in his translation of Bishop Amyot's version of Plutarch's * Lives.' So closely, indeed, does the poet follow North that some of his longer passages are ' simply IPlutarch put into metre.' The play seems to have been written in or about 1609, and belongs, therefore, to Shakespeare s later period and manner. [For details of the verse-tests made by Professor Ingram, see the New Shakspere Society's Transac- tions, 1874.] Of the earlier performances of the tragedy there are no records. The first mention of the work in theatrical history has reference to the adaptation made by Nahum Tate (q.v.), and represented at the Theatre Royal in 1682. This was entitled ' The Ingratitude of a Commonwealth ; or, The Fall of Caius INIartius Coriolanus.' ■Genest describes the adaptation (which was in five acts) as "on the whole a very bad one." Tate, he says, " omits a good deal of the ■original to make room for the new fifth act. His own additions are insipid, and he makes numberless unnecessary changes in the dialogue ; but the first four acts of his play do not differ very materially from Shake- speare. He has been guilty of a manifest absurdity in turning Valeria into a talkative tfantastical lady. . . . He has made one considerable improvement. Shakespeare has been guilty of a mistake in repeatedly saying that Caius Marcius was alone when he forced his way into Corioli. Tate uni- formly represents him as not being quite alone on this occasion. Plutarch says he had a very few friends with him." Tate observes, in his dedication, that he chose ' Coriolanus' for adaptation because " there appeared in some passages no small re- semblance with the busie faction of our own time." He adds: "Whatever the superstructure prove, it was my good fortune to build upon a rock." The names of the performers in Tate's play are not known. A second adaptation of 'Corio- lanus'— the work of John Dennis (q.v.)— was brought out at Drury Lane in Novem- Taer, 1719, under the title of ' The Invader of 'nis Country ; or. The Fatal Resentment.' *' Dennis," says Genest, " has retained about half of the original play, which he has altered much for the worse " (see ' The English Stage '). The cast presented Booth as Coriolanus, Mills as Aufidius, Cory as Menenius, Walker as Brutus, Mrs. Porter as Volumnia, and I\Irs. Thurmond as Vir- gilia. The piece was acted only thrice, and Dennis, in his dedication to the Lord Cham-, berlain, attacked the management and cer- tain of the actors. A third adaptation of ' Coriolanus ' — attributed to Thomas Sheri- dan, and entitled 'Coriolanus; or.TheRoman Matron ' — was brought out at Covent Garden in December, 1754. This was an amalgam of ■ Shakespeare and James Thomson, whose ' Coriolanus ' (see below) had been acted there in 1749. Sheridan's piece had been pro- duced in Dublin, with Mossop as Coriolanus. At Covent Garden Sheridan himself appeared' as the hero, with Shuter as Menenius, Ryan as Tullus, Peg Woffington as Veturia, and: INIrs. Bellamy as Volumnia. For details of the adaptation see Genest, who records a performance of ' Coriolanus ' at Covent Gar-, den on March 14, 1758, with Smith in the title part, Mrs. Hamilton as Veturia, and the role of Volumnia omitted. The play' called ' Coriolanus ; or. The Roman Matron,' produced at Drury Lane in February, 17S9, was published in the same year with She- ridan's name as the adapter. Genest,' however, believed that it should be attri- buted to J. P. Kemble, "as it differs but little, or nothing, from the alteration which. Kemble afterwards avowed." "The first; three acts were judiciously altered from Shakespeare, with omissions only ; " into the other two acts lines by Thomson were introduced. Kemble, of course, played Cori- olanus, with AVroughton as Aufidius, Bad-' deley as Meneiiius, Mrs. Farmer as Virgilia, Mrs. Ward as Valeria, and Mrs. Siddons as, Volumnia. " Coriolanus," says Genest, "proved to be Kemble's gi-and part.'i " He was Coriolanus' self," says \V. Robson : "his voice, his own private manner, hif very rigidity, completed the identity'. ('The Old Playgoer'). Kemble and his sister were seen again in this piece ai Covent Garden in November, 1806, wher they were supported by Miss Bruntor (Mrs. Yates) as Virgilia, Pope as Aufidius, and Munden as Menenius. On Novem- ber 19, 1819, Macready appeared at Coven' Garden as Coriolanus, and was salutec. by Barry Cornwall, in a sonnet, as "th(. noblest Roman of them all." The credi; of restoring to the stage the text of Shake speare's play, almost unadulterated, ap pears to belong to Elliston, who producec; the tragedy (edited by G. Soane) at Drur Lane in January, 1820, with Edmund Keai. in the title role, S. Penley as Aufidius. Gattie as Menenixis, Mrs. Robinson &■ Virgilia, and Mrs. Glover as Volumnia "Kean," Genest says, "ought not to havi attempted Coriolanus; his figure totaU; disqualified him for the part." The nex Coriolanus, in order of time, seems to hay been John Yandenhoff, who played the rol in various provincial centres in 1822-^ Later revivals in London include those a Covent Garden in December, 1833. and i:' March, 18.38, in both of which Macread reappeared, supported, in the latter yeai' CORIOLANUS 337 CORNISH COMEDY by J. R- Anderson as Aufidius, George Ben- nett as Brutus, Bartley as Meneniun, and Mrs. Warner as Volumnia [see ' Dramatic Essays,' by John Forster (1896)] ; at Covent Garden in September, 1838, witli Vanden- hotf as Coriolanus ; at the Marvlebone Theatre in 1843, with C. Dillon in the title part ; at Sadler's Wells in September, 1848, with Phelps as Coriolanus, H. Marston as Aufidius, G. Bennett as Cominius, Mrs. Marston as Valeria, Miss Cooper as Vir- gilia, and Miss Glyn as Volumnia ; at Drury Lane in January, 1851, with J. R. Anderson in the title part ; at Sadler's Wells in Sep- tember, 1860, with Phelps in the title part, H, Vezin as Aufidius, G. Barrett as 3Ie- nenius Agrippa, Lewis Ball as First Citizen, Miss Atkinson as Volumnia, and Miss K. Saxon as Virgilia ; at Dublin in May, 1863, with G. V. Brooke as Coriolanus ; at the Grand Opera House, New York, in Decem- ber, 1878, with J. McCullogh and Katharine Rogers in the chief roles; at the Opera House, New York, in November, 1885, with Salvini in the title part, and Mrs. A. Foster is Volumnia ; at the Shakespeare Memorial jrheatre, Stratford-on-Avon, in August, 1893, with F. R. Benson as Coriolanus, O. Stuart ,13 Aufidius, A. Brydone as Cominius, G. R. vVeir as First Citizen, Mm. Benson as Vir- filia, and Miss Alice Chapin as Volumnia; 'it the Comedy Theatre, London, February, 1901, with F. R. Benson as Coriolanus, Oscar Asche as Sicinius, Miss L. Braithwaite as \Virgilia, and Miss Genevieve Ward as Volumnia ; at the Lyceum Theatre (in three icts), April, 1901, with Henry Irving as Corio- ■anus, J. H. Barnes as Agrippa, Laurence i-rving as Brutus, C. Dodsworth as First \]itizen. Miss Ellen Terry as Vohimnia, Miss '»!. Hackney as Virgilia, and Miss M. Milton .s Valeria. " The tragic struggle of the ilay," says Edward Dowden, "is not that of (atricians with plebeians, but of Coriolanus vith his own self. It is not the Roman leople who bring about his destruction ; it 3 the patrician haughtiness and passionate lelf-will of Coriolanus himself. . . . The (iride of Coriolanus is not that which comes Tom self-surrender to and union with some ower, or person, or principle higher than neself. It is two-fold— a passionate self- steem which is essentially egoistic, and, econdly, a passionate prejudice of class. . . . [is sympathies are deep, warm, and gene- 5us ; but a line, hard and fast, has been rawn for him by the aristocratic tradition, nd it is only Avithin that line that he per- mits his sympathies to play. . . . For Vir- •Ua, the gentle Avoman in whom his heart nds rest, Coriolanus has a manly tender- 9SS. . . .In his boy he has a father's joy. . . His wife's friend Valeria is the ' moon : Rome.' ... In his mother, Volumnia, le awful Roman matron, he rejoices with noble enthusiasm and pride" (' Shak- lere : his Mind and Art '). (2) A agedy by James Thomson (q.v.), first per- rmed at Covent Garden on January 13, 49, with Quin in the title part, Ryan as ttus Tullius, Delane as Galesus, Bridg- iter as Minueius, Peg Woffington as Veturia, and Miss Bellamy as Volumnia. This piece, in which Thomson follows Dionysius Halicarnassensis and Livy, was acted ten times. It is " certainly not a bad play," says Genest, "but when com- pared with Shakespeare's, it is regular, cold, and declamatory. . . . Galesus is a sort of Pythagorean philosopher, a character intro- duced improperly both as to time and place. . . . 'The scene lies during the whole of Thomson's play in the Volscian camp" (' English Stage '). Cormon. See Porter's Knot, The. Corncracker (The). A play by Jo.seph Arthur, firs^t performed at Fourteenth Street Theatre, New York, October 10, 1892. Corneille. Pierre. French dramatist, born 1606, died 1684; whose works have appeared in English in the following order : — ' Le Cid,' translated by Joseph Rutter, in 1637 and 1640 ; ' Polyeucte ' and ' Horace,' by Sir William Lower, in 1655 and 1656 respectively; 'Le Menteur,' anonymously^ in 1661 ; ' Pomp^e,' by Katherine Phillips,, in 1663, and by Edmund Waller, Sir C. Sedley, etc., in 1664 ; ' Heraclius,' by Ludo- wick Carlell, in 1664; 'Horace,' by K. Phillips, in 1667, and, by Charles Cotton, in 1671 ; ' Nicomede,' by John Dancer, in 1671. See Lying Lover, The. Corneille, Thomas. See Evening's Love, An. Cornelia. (1) A tragedy translated into English ver.se by Thomas Kyd from the French of Richard Gamier, and printed in 1594. Tlie heroine is the widow of Pompey the Great. Among other characters are Antony, Becimus Brutus, Ccesar, Cassias^ Cicero, etc. (2) A play by Sir W. Bartley, acted in Vere Street, Clare Market, June 1, 1662. Cornelia. Wife of Marcellus in Mas- SINGER's ' Believe as you List ' {q.v.). Cornelius, Peter. See Barber op Bagdad. Cornelys, Mrs. Actress, and author of 'The Deceptions,' a comedy performed at Dublin in 1781. Cornet. Maid to Lady Fanciful in Vanbrugh's 'Provoked Wife' {q.v.). Corneville, Cloches de. See Cloches DE Corneville. Corney Covirted. An operetta in one act, the libretto adapted by Arthur Waugh from Dickens's ' Oliver Twist,' the music composed by Claude Nugent ; pro- duced at the Comedy Theatre, London, on the afternoon of March 6, 1893. Cornflower, Mrs. The heroine of DiBDiN's ' Farmer's Wife.' Cornish Comedy (The). A play pro- duced at Dorset Garden in 1696, with a cast including Penkethman, Bullock, Leigh, Powell, Mills, Mrs. Mills, etc. I CORNISH MINERS 338 CORSICAN BROTHERS Cornish Miners (The). A melodrama, played, with incidental music by G. H. Rod well, at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in July, 1827. The cast included " O." Smith. Cornish Squire (The). See Squire Trelooby. Cornwall, Barry. See Procter, B.W. Cororat)ona, Vittoria. The "white devil" in Webster's play of that name iq.v.). Coronation (The). (1) A play by James Shirley iq.v.), printed in 1640. The coronation is that of Sophia, Queen of Epirus, who, in the end, has to acknowledge the superior claim to the throne made by Seleuchus, who proves to be her brother Leonatus, the elder son of the late king. "On the whole, a very good play" (Genest). (2) A musical piece by Archibald Mac- LAREN, printed in 1804. Corporal (The). A play by Arthur Wilson, of Trinity College, Oxford ; entered at Stationers' Hall in September, 1646, and performed at the Black Friars. Corporal Shako. A farce by Frede- rick Hay, Surrey Theatre, September 13, 1879. Corrado. The hero of Coghlan's ' For Life' (q.v.). Correze. Tlie singer in Hamilton's * Moths ' iq.v.). Corri. A name frequently met with in theatrical annals during the past century. Among those who have t)orne, or still bear it, may be named— Clarence Corri, niusi- cal composer and director, who has written the music for ' Miss Chiquita ' (1899) and other dramatic pieces; Dussek Corri, actor and vocalist, died 1870 ; Haydn Corri, musician, born 1785, died 1860 ; Hay'DN Corri. actor and vocalist, died 1876 ; Henry Corri, actor and vocalist, born 1824, died 1888, who was in the first cast of ' Kissi-Kissi ' (1873) ; Kathleen Corri, actress and vocalist, who was the original Phoebe in 'Billee Taylor' (1880); Monte Corri, musical composer and di- rector, born 1784, died 1849; and Pat Corri, actor and vocalist, born 1820, died 1-876, who was at the Grecian circa 1851. Corrupt Practices. A comedy-drama in two acts, by F. A. Marshall (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on January 22, 1870, with C. F. Coghlan as Sir Victor Pearlstone, Miss Fitzinman as Syhilla Durant, and otlaer parts by G. F. Neville, G. Vincent, and Miss L. Thorne. Corruptions of the Divine Laws. A dramatic piece by Bishop Bale (q.v.). Corsair (The). A " ballet-romance," invented by Farley, set to music by Dr. Arnold, and performed at the Haymarket in July, 1801. See Pacha's Bridal. (2) An opera in three acts, by Charles D re- fell, Crystal Palace, March 25, 1873 ; Aquarium Theatre, London, March 3, 187' (3) A play by J. C. Goodwin and E. 1 Rice, produced in America, with Nat Gooc win, jun., in the cast. — 'The Corsair's Ri venge:' a romantic drama in two acts, h; H. P. Grattan, Victoria Theatre, Londo March 16, 1843. Corsican Brothers (The). Adapt; tions of ' Les Freres Corses ' (the play founds by Grange and Xavier de Montepin on story told by Dumas ^ere in his ' Impressio) de Voyages,' and first performed at t\ Theatre Historique, Paris, on August 1 1850, with C. Fechter in the title parts) ha- been numerous in this country. The firs by Dion Boucicault, was produced at ti Princess's Theatre, London, on February 5 1852, with Charles Kean as Fabien ai Louis dei Franchi, Alfred Wigan as Chatei Renaud, J. Vining as Baron de Montgiro Ryder as Orlando, Meadows as Colonn. Miss Phillips as Madame dei Franchi, Mii Murray as Emilie de Lesimrre, Miss ■ Leclercq as Coralie, Miss Viva.sh as Estel (2) Another version was played for the fii time at the Marylebone Theatre on Mar 8, 1852. This was followed on March ;. 1852, by two more versions : (3) ' The Cor cans,' translated by G. A. Sala {q.v.), a performed at the Surrey Theatre, with \ Creswick as the brothers, T. Mead as CI teau Reaaud, ^Viddicomb as Colonna, M! Robertson as Madame dei Franchi, et', and (4) ' The Corsican Brothers,' by '< Almar, produced at the Victoria Tl atre, London, with J. T. Johnson as ti brothers, Raymond as Chateau Renaud,. H. Higgle as Montgiron, etc. Two mc, versions were performed on ]March 22— c (5) at the Queen's Theatre, and the otli (6) at the Royal Grecian (with E. Phill, as the brothers). (7) Yet another versi: was brought out at the City of Lone, Theatre on March 22, with Charles Pitt the brothers, and other parts by N. T. Hii and Mrs. H. Vining. (8) On March 24 , adaptation was produced at the Standi. Theatre. (9) A literal translation of •> French play was produced on May . 1852, at the Astor Place Opera House, ^ | York. This was called 'The Vendet;' iq.v.), and G. V. Brooke was the represer • tive of the brothers. (10) An adaptati, revised by C. Fechter, was produced; the Princess's Theatre, London, on Decc ber 15, 1860, with Fechter in the title pa , A. Harris as Chateau Renaud, Meadows 3 Colonna, Miss R. Leclercq as Folichor, Miss Murray as Emilie. [In this versi the curtain rose on the scene at the Op v House.] 'The Corsican Brothers' was • vived at the Princess's Theatre in 1864, v i Vining as the brothers, Walter Lacys Chateau Renaud, C. Warner as Meynard ■ Forrester as Montgiron, Miss Caroline ( - son as Emilie de Lesparre, and Miss . Howard as Coralie. In May, 1866, Feel r was seen again as the brothers at e Lyceum Theatre, supported by G. Jor-J as Chateau Renaud, H. Vezin as Montgi) , S. Emery as Orlando, Widdicomb as Colon , CORSICAN BROTHERS 339 COSTER BARON Mrs. Ternan as Madame dei Franchi, and Miss Henrade as Emilie. In the revival of the play at the Princess's in June, 1876, the cast included John Clayton as the brothers, J. H. Barnes as Chateau Renaud, A. Elwood as Montgiron, and Miss Caroline Hill as Emilie. Boucicault's version was produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in Septem- ber, 1880, with Henry Irving in the title parts, W. Terriss as Chateaxi Renaud, A. Elwood as Montgiron, A. W. Pinero as Meynard, S. Johnson as Colonna, T. Mead as Orlando, Miss Emily Fowler as Emilie de Lesparre, Miss Pauncefort as Mdme. dei Franchi, Miss Alma Murray as Coralie, Miss Houliston as Estelle, and A. B. Tapping, F. Tyars, J. Archer, H. Ferrand, H. Louther in minor parts. In 1881 Miss Litton revived 'The Corsican Brothers' at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, with Hermann Vezin as • the brothers and Mrs. Charles Calvert as I Madame dei Franchi. In 1883 Kyrle Bellew I took the Lyceum version into the English provinces, playing the title parts. In i May, 1891, the piece was revived at the Lyceum, with H. Irving, W. Terriss, S. Johnson, and Miss Pauncefort as before, and F. H. Macklin as Montgiron, T. Wen- man as Orlando, Miss Annie Irish as Emilie, Miss K. Phillips as Coralie. (11) A n adaptation by Arthur Shirlev, entitled 'Brother for Brother,' and owing soine- t what to Siraudin's ' La Vendetta ' [see J THUMPING Legacy], was produced at the Pavilion Theatre, London, on August 17, 1899.— 'The Corsican Brothers' was per- formed in the United States with Charlotte Crampton as tlie dei Franchi. — The stage travesties of 'The Corsican Brothers' in- clude : (1) ' O Gemini ; or, The Brothers of Co(u)rse' {q.v.), by G. A BECKETT and Mark Lemon (1852); (2) 'The Camber well (Brothers' (^. v.). bv Charles Selby (1852) ; 1(3) ' The Corsican Bothers ; or. The Trouljle- ;some Twins,' by Henry J. Byron, first !performed at the Globe Theatre, London, May 17, 1869, with John Clarke as Fahien land Louis dei Fhmki, Miss Maggie Brennan las Chateau Renaud, Miss Sylvia Hodson as Montgiron, Miss Rose Behrend as Meynard, Miss Hughes as Emilie, Miss Clara Thorne las Marie, and E. INIarshall as Madame dei Fhmki. (4) ' A New Edition of the Corsican Brothers ; or, The Kompact, the Kick, and theKombat.'byW.H.MASON.Theatre Royal, Brighton, July 18, 1870. (5) ' The Corsican Brothers and Co. (Limited),' by F. C. Bur- NAND and H. P. Stephens, first performed it the Gaiety Theatre, London, on October ^5, 1880, with E. W. Royce as the brothers, 1- J. Dallas as Madame dei Franchi, T. Squire as Metjnard, Miss E. Farren as Cha- ^mu Renaud, Miss Connie Gilchrist as \Kontgiron, and Miss Kate Vaughan as hmihe de Lesparre. (6) 'The Coster-twin brothers,' by Frank Hall, first performed it the Philharmonic Theatre, London, on vovember 20, ISSO, with the author in the itle parts. (7) 'The Corsican Brother- mbes-in-the-AVood,' by G. R. Sims, first performed at the Theatre Roval, Hull, •larch 19, ISSI, with George Walton as the brothers, A. Hemming as Chateau Renaud, Miss Carlotta Zerbini as Emilie, Miss Retta Walton as Meynard, and Miss Elsie Cameron as Montgiron. (8) 'The New Corsican Brothers,' by Cecil Raleigh, with music by AValter Slaughter, first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on November 20, 1889, with a cast including Arthur Roberts, Deane Brand, Joseph Wilson, Miss Kate Chard, Miss Edith Kenward, etc. This embodied some travesty of ' Mr. Barnes of New York' {q.v.). Corsicans (The). A drama in four acts, translated from Kotzebue, and pub- lished in 1799. See Corsican Brothers. Corso, Alphonso, in Dryden and Lee's 'Duke of Guise' {q.v.). Cortez ; or, The Conquest of Mexico. An opera, libretto bv J. R. PL.4.NCHE (g.r.), music by Sir H. R. "Bishop, produced at Covent Garden on November .5, 1823, and described by Planche as " a signal failure." John Cooper played the title part. —Cortez is a character in Dryden's ' Indian Emperor' {q.v.). Corvino. A Venetian merchant in JoNSON's ' Volpone' {q.v.). Cosaque (La). A comic opera in three acts, music by Herve, libretto adapted In- Sydney Grundy from that of Meilhac and Millaud ; first performed in England at the Gaiety, Hastings, April 7, 1S84 ; first per- formed in London at the Royalty Theatre, on April 12, 1884, with Miss Kate Santley as Pnncess Machinskoff, Miss Amalia a;? Madame Dupotin, C. Marius as Prince Gregoire, H. Ashley as Jules Primitif, J. S. Harcourt as Prince Feodor ; played in the English provinces in 18S4, with Miss Santley, H. Ashley, and S. Harcourt in their original parts. The original piece was performed at the Gaiety in June, 1884. Cosette. Daughter of Fantine in dra- matizations of Hugo's 'Les Miserables' {q.v.). Cosey, Caleb. An innkeeper in Prest'.s 'Miser of Shoreditch' {q.v.). {2) Kit Cosey is a character in T. Morton's ' Town and Coimtry ' {q.v.). (3) One Cosey is butler to Codger in O'Keefe's ' Beggar on Horseback ' {q.v.). Cosi Fan Tutti. A two-act opera- buffa, music by Mozart, performed in 1790 at Vienna ; in London, at the King's The- atre in 1811, and at the Savoy TLeatre(by students of the Royal College of Music) in 1890. See Trr for Tat. Cosmo. A comedy performed at the Rose Theatre in January, 1593. Costanza. The heroine of Borer's 'Betrothal' {q.v.). Costard. A clown in ' Love's Labour's Lost' {q.v.). Coster Baron (The). A musical comedy in two acts, written by Harry Pleon, and performed for copyright pur- I COSTIX 340 COUNTER ATTRACTION poses at the Colosseum, Leeds, March 12, 1897. Costin, Lord, disguised as a beggar, figures in ' The Beggars Bush ' (?.r.). Cosy Couple ''A). A comedy in one act, adapted by G. H. Lewes (qv.) from Octave Feuillet's ' Le Village,' and first per- formed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in April, 1S54, with F. Matthews and Mrs. F. Matthews as Mr. and Mrs. Dormouse, C. J. Mathews as Tom Russelton, and Miss Foote as Mary. See Vicarage, The. Cottagre (The). A two-act opera by Smith, printed in 1796. Cottagre Maid (The). A musical piece performed at Covent Garden in June, 1791. Cottag-ers (The). (1) An opera by George Savile Carey {q.v.), printed in 1766. (2) A musical entertainment, per- formed at Covent Garden and published in 1768. (3) A comic opera in two acts, by Miss A. Ross {q.v.), printed in 178S. Cotte, Edward. Vocalist and actor ; Francis Oshaldistone in 'Rob Roy' at New Sadler's Wells in October, 1S79. Cotter, G-eorg-e Sackville O'^rn 1755, died 1S31), published in 1826 a translation of Terence for the use of schools, and in 1827 a version of seven of the plays of Plautus. Cotton, Charles, miscellaneous writer (born 1630, died 1687), published in 1671 a translation of the ' Horace ' of Corneille {q.v.). See Langbaine's 'Dramatic Poets' and memoirs by Oldys and Nicolas. Cotton, Major and Mrs. Gunne, in Matthison and Wyndham's ' Tantalus ' iq.v.). Cotton King- (The). A drama in four acts, by Sutton Vane (7. r.), first performed at the Academy of Music, New York, in December, 1893' ; first performed in Eng- land at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on March 10, 1894, with a cast including Miss Marion Terry {Hetty Drayson), Miss ^Ima Stanley, Miss Hall Caine, C. Warner, E. O'Neill, H. Flemming, A. Williams, and C. Cartwright {James Shillinglaw) ; at the Bowdoin Theatre, Boston, Mass., October 8, 1894. Cotton Spinner (The). A play by Scott Marble, first performed at Plain- field, N. J., August 27, 1896 ; first performed in New York City, at the Grand Opera House, August 29, 1S96. Couche du Soleil. See Regular Fix, a. Couldock, Charles "Walter. Actor, born in London, April, 1815; died 1899; began his professional career in 1S35 ; made his first appearance in New York in 1849. Becoming connected with Laura Keene's theatre, he was seen there in 1857 as Luke Fielding in 'The Willow Copse,' and was, in 1858, the original Ahel Murcot in ' Our American Cousin ' {q.v.). Among his parts were Mercutio in 1850 and Dandie Dinmont in 1860. Coulisses (Les). See Behind the Scenes and Vesta's Temple. Coulisses de la Vie (Les). See Woman of the World, The. Councillor's "Wife (The). A comedy in three acts, by J. K. Jerome {q.v.) and Eden Philpotts {q.v.), first performed at the Boston Museum, U.S.A.. April 18, 1892 : in New Yo'k, at Hoyt's, INIadison Square Theatre, on the afternoon of November 11, 1892 ; at the Empire Theatre, New York, on November 6, 1893. See Prude's Pro gress, The. Counsel for the Defence. A drams in five acts, produced "for copyright pur- poses" at the Opera Comique, London, I September 9, 1895. — ' Counsel's Opinion,' i \ " legal episode," by Frederick Bingham I Theatre Royal, Richmond, Surrey, March I 24, 1S98; Her Majesty's Theatre, London I May 24, 1898. Count Arezzi (The). A dramatic, poem by Robert Landor {q.v.), publishec in 1824. Count Basil. A play by Joann. Baillie, printed in 1798. The hero is i. young general in the service of the Empero Charles V. He arrives with his troops a Mantua, and there sees and falls in love witl Victoria, the daughter of the Duke. She doe not, in so many words, avow her passion' but asks him to defer his march for a day two. He, of course, consents. Meanwhile the battle of Pavia takes place ; and Basi is ordered to lead his men into distan quarters. Regarding this a^ a disgrace Basil, who is ambitious of military success- kills himself, and Victoria is left despairing- Count Clermont. See Bell, Arch; Count Koenig-smark. A play tram lated by B. Thompson from the German Reitzenstein, and published in 1800. Count of Anjou (The). A music? romance in one act, performed at Drur' Lane in May, 1816, with T. Cooke in th' title part. Count of Burg-undy (The). Atragecl in five acts, translated from Kotzebue b- Ann Plumptre (1798), adapted to the En;' lish stage by Alexander Pope, and pe. formed at Covent Garden in AprO, 179' This play was also translated by Charlc Smith, and performed at New York in 179 Count of Narbonne (The). Atragec by Robert Jephson, " evidently founded- says the ' Biographia Dramatica,' " c Horace Walpole's ' Castle of Otranto,' " ar first performed at Covent Garden in Novei ber, 1781. I Counter Attraction. " A trifle' by William Harries Tilbury (gr.), fir performed at the Strand Theatre, Londo COUNTERFEIT COUNTRY GIRL on November 24, 1851, with a cast including the author, J. Reeve, Maskell, Hudspeth, R. Romer, J. Rogers, At wood, and Miss Marshall. Counterfeit (The). (1) A farce by Franklin, performed at Drury Lane in March, 1S04. (2) A drama in four acts, by David Fisher, first performed at Brighton, Sussex, on October 9, 1865, with Miss RoUason (afterwards Mrs. Nye Chart) as Lucy. Counterfeit Brideg-room (The); or, The Defeated Wido-w. See No Wit like a Woman's. Counterfeit Heiress (The). See Love for Money. Counterfeits (The). A comedy, per- formed at Dorset Garden in 1678 ; " by some," says Langbaine, "ascribed to Lea- nard, but I believe it too good for his •writing: it is founded on a translated Spanish novel called ' The Trapanner Tra- panned.'" The cast included Smith (Peralta), Leigh, Betterton ( Vitelli), Under- bill, Harris, Medbourne, Mrs. Lee {Elvira), Mrs. Gibbs, etc. Peralta and Vitelli having exchanged portmanteaus by mistake, the former passes himself off as the latter ; whence much confusion. Elvira has been seduced, but is ultimately married, by Peralta. See She Would and She Would Not. (2) A farce, taken from ' Gil Bias,' and performed at Drury Lane in May, 1764, with a cast including Yates, Palmer, Bad- ieley, Mrs. Lee, Mrs. Bradshaw, etc. Countess (The). (1) A drama in three lets, by Miss E. Schiff, Alfred Theatre, London, February 21, 1870. (2) A drama in ;hreeacts, adapted by Lady Monckton froTn Adolphe Belot's ' Vengeance d'un jNIari ' Paris, 1860), and first performed at Sir ?ercy Shelley's theatre, Chelsea, on June 1, 1882. See SHADOWS OF THE Past. Countess and the Dancer (The). see Jealousy. Countess de Caziac (The). A play )y H, A. Du Touchet and C. T. Vincent, )erformed in U.S.A. Countess Gucki (The). A comedy in hree acts, adapted by AUGUSTIN Daly rom the German of Franz von Schonthan, nd first performed at Daly's Theatre, New Tork, on January 28, 1896, with Miss Ada lehan in the title part, Charles Richman s Bruno von Nexihoff, and James Lewis, Irs. G. H. Gilbert, etc., in other parts ; at he Comedy Theatre, London, July 11, 1896, ast as above. Countess Roudine (The). A play y Paul Kester and Minnie Maddern ISKE, first performed at the Chestnut treet Opera House, Philadelphia, January . 1892; first represented in New York at le Union Square Theatre, January 13, 1892. Countess of Salisbury (The). A agedy by Hall Hartson, adapted from !■• Leland's romance, ' Longsword, Earl of Salisbury,' and acted first at Dublin in 1764-5. It was performed at the Hay- market in July and August, 1767, with Mrs. Dancer as the Countess and Barry as Alwin (her husband). Countess Valeska. A romantic drama in four acts, adapted from ' Der Lange Preusse' of Rudolf Stratz (Berlin, Decem- ber, 1896), and first performed at the Knicker- bocker Theatre, New York, on January 10, 1898, with Miss Julia Marlowe in the title part, Bassett Roe as "the tall Prussian," Alfred Kendrick as the Marquis Von Stur- mell, and G. W. Anson as General Lamairrois. Country Attorney (The). A comedy by Richard Cumberland, first performed at the Haymarket Theatre in July, 1787. In an altered form it was produced at Covent Garden in 1789, under the title of ' The School for Widows.' Country Captain (The). A comedv by the Duke of Newcastle, acted at Black Friars, and printed at the Hague in 1649. Pepys saw it performed in 1661— "so silly a play as in all my life I never saw." Country Circus (The). A play by Charles Barnard and C B. Jefferson, first performed at the Walnut Street The- atre, Philadelphia, October 26, 1891. Country Coquette (The). A musical piece, printed in 175.5. Country Editor (The). A play by N. H. Wright, performed in U.S.A. Country Fair (The). A "prelude," acted at the opening of Covent Garden Theatre on September 20, 1775. Country Girl (The). (1) A comedy by "T. B." [VTony Brewer or Thomas Brewer], printed in 1647. It was acted in 1677 under the title of ' Country Innocence ; or, The Chambermaid Turn'd Quaker.' (2) A comedy in five acts, adapted by David Garrick from 'The Country Wife' iq.v.) of Wycherley {q.v.), and first performed at Drury Lane on October 25, 1766, with Miss Reynolds [afterwards :Mrs. Saunders] as Peggy, Mrs. Palmer as Alithea, Miss Pope as Lucy, Holland as Moody, Cautherley as Belville, Palmer as Ilarcourt, and Dodd as Sparkish. " Garrick," writes Genest, " has borrowed Sparkish's song, and several speeches from Lee's alteration word for word. Belville's making of love to Peggy from the tavern window is borrowed from ' The Gentleman Dancing Master.'" 'The Country Girl ' was revived at Drury Lane in October, 1785, with Mrs. Jordan as Peggy, King as Moody, and Bannister, jun.', as Belville ; at Covent Garden on November 23, 1805, with Miss Mudie as Peggy, Miss Brunton as Alithea, Mrs. Mattocks as Lucy, Brunton as Belville, C. Kemble as Ilarcourt, Murray as Moody, and Farley as Spaykish ["Miss Mudie appeared to be about eight years old. . . . The audience soon began to testify their displeasure, and Miss Mudie was not suffered to finish her part" (Ge- nest)] ; at the Lyceum Theatre in 1810-11, COUNTRY HOUSE 342 COUNTRY WIFE with Mrs. Edwin as Peggy, Wrouglaton as Moody, Russell as Sparkish, and Mrs. Orger as Alithea ; at Covent Garden in May, ISll, with Miss S. Booth as Peggy, Mrs. Gibbs as Lucy, Munden as Moody, and Barrymore as Harcourt; at Drury Lane in November, 1815, with Mrs. Mardyn as Peggy, Bartley as Moody, Wallack as Harcourt, and S. Penley as Sparkish ; at Covent Garden in December, 1828, with Miss Nelson as Peggy, Mrs. Chatterley as Alithea, and Fawcett as Moody; at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in January, 1881, with Miss Litton as Miss Peggy, Jliss Helen Creswell as Alithea, Miss M. Harris as Maria, W. Farren as Moody, E. F. Edgar as Harcourt, F. Everill as Sparkish, J. T. Stephens as Belville ; first performed in New York at Daly's Theatre on February 16, 1884, with Miss Ada Rehan as Peggy, C. Fisher as Moody, J. Drew as Belville, G. Parkes as Sparkish, Miss Vir- ginia Dreher as Alithea, Miss Helen Leyton as Lucy, Yorke Stephens as Harcourt ; at the Strand Theatre, London, on the afternoon of June 19, 1887, with Miss A. Hewitt a.s Peggy, W. Farren as Moody, S. Valentine as Har- court, M. Brodieas Sparkish, Fuller Mellish as Belville, Miss G. Homf rey as Alithea, and Miss L. Harcourt as Lucy; at Daly's The- atre, London, January, 1894 ; at Terry's Theatre, London, in June, 1898, with Miss K. Vaughan. It has been played in the English provinces with W. Calvert and Miss Clara Cowper in the principal parts. Country House (The). A farce trans- lated by Sir John Vanbrugh {q.v.), almost literally, from the ' Maison de Campagne ' of D'Ancourt. It must have come out, says Genest, between 1697 and 1703. The scene is laid in Normandy, and Madame Barnard, the wife of the owner of the Country House, was originally played by Mrs. Verbruggen. At Drury Lane in June, 1705, the part was taken by Mrs. Mountfort. The piece v,'as revived at Covent Garden in 1735 and 1758. Country Inn (The). A comedy by Joanna Baillie (q.v.), printed in 1804. Country Innocence. See Country Girl. Country Lasses (The); or, The Custom of the Manor. A comedy by Charles Johnson ('/-v.), adapted from Fletcher's ' Custom of the Country ' (q.v.) and Mrs. Behn's 'City Heiress' (q.v.) ; acted at Drury Lane in 1715 ; performed so lately as 1813 at Bath. Country Madcap (The). See iMiss Lucy in Town. Country Postmaster (The). A play by A. E. Fanshaw, performed in U.S.A. Country Quarters. A farce with music by John Barnett (q.v.). Country Squire (The). A drama in two acts, by Charles Dance (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on January 19, 1837, with W. Fan-en as Squire Broadlands, and other parts by J. Webster, Mrs. Glover etc. Country Wake (The). A comedy b' Thomas Dogget (q.v.), acted at Lincoln'ii Inn Fields in 1696, with the author as younj Hob, Betterton as Woodvill, Underbill a Sir Thomas Testie, Kyhaston as Friendly Mrs. Barry as Lady Testie, Mrs. Bracegirdli as Flora, Mrs. Bowman as Lucia, Mrs Leigh as Betty, etc. ; reduced to one act am played at Drury Lane in 1711 ; revived, a a farce, at Covent Garden in 1760 ; turnec into a musical farce, under the title o ' Flora ; or, Hob in the Well ' (Drury Lane 1767). Country Wedding" (The). (l)Apiec: performed at Drury Lane in July, 1714. (2 A " tragi-comi-pastoral-farcical opera" b: Effex "Hawker, acted at Lincoln's In Fields in .May, 1729. (3) A ballad farce ii: one act, acted at the Haymarket, and printe in 1749. Country Wife (The). A comedy i five acts, by William Wycherley (q.v., written about 1671-72, and performed b the King's Company at Lincoln's In' Fields "some time between the ear] spring of 1672 and that of 1674," with Hai as Horner, Mohun as PincJnvife, Kynasto as Harcourt, Haynes as Sparkish, Car- Wright as Sir Jasj^er Fidget, Lydal i Dorilant, Shotterel as Quack, ^Nlrs. Bowt- as Mrs. Pinchicife (Margery), Mrs. Knap as Lady Fidget, Mrs. James as Alithea, Mr Corbet as Dainty Fidget, Mrs. Cory as Luc Mrs. Wyatt as 3[rs. Squeamish, and Mr Rutter as old Lady Squeamish. The pi' owes something both to Moliere's 'L'Eco des Femmes ' and to his ' L'Ecole d ' Maris.' "From the former of the;' Wycherley derived his conception of tl' jealous man who keeps under close restrai' a young and ignorant woman, with the va; hope of thereby securing her fidelity him. Agnes's innocent confessions Arnolphe of her lover's stratagems ai her own esteem for him find a counterpa in the Country Wife's frankness on similar occasion. . . . From 'L'Ecole d INIaris,' again, Wycherley has borrow.' one or two incidents : the imprisoned gir' device of making her would-be husband ( the English play, her actual husband) t bearer of a letter to her gallant, and t trick by which Isabella causes her tyrai' under the impression that she is anotl woman, to consign her with bis c' hands to his rival" (W. C. Ward). T comedy was revived at Drury Lane in Apr 1709, with Mrs. Bicknell as Margery, M Bradshaw as Alithea, Wilks as Horn Mills as Harcourt, Powell as PincMvi Gibber as Sparkish, Bullock as Sir Jas^ Estcourt as Quack ; at the same theatre May, 1715, with Booth as Pinchwife, Noi; as Sir Jasper, Ryan as Dorilant, M Saunders as Lady Fidget, Mrs. Santl; as Alithea, Mrs. i3ignall as Margery, ai Mrs. Younger as Dainty ; at Lincoln's I Fields in October, 1725, with Ryan i COUNTRY WIT 343 COURT Horner, Quin as Pinchivife, Walker as Harcourt, Mrs. Younger as Margery, and Mrs. Bullock as Laclj/ Fidget ; at Drury Lane in February, 1735, with W. Mills as Horner, Gibber, jun., as Sj^arkish, GriflSn as Sir Jasper, Kitty Clive as Margery, and Mrs. Pritchard as Lady Fidget ; at Co vent Garden in January, 1742, with Bri()ge water as Pinchu'ife, Chapman as Sparkish, Mrs. Pritchard as Margery, and Mrs. Mullart as Lady Fidget; and at Drury Lane in November, 1748, with Palmer as Horner, Yates as Sir Jasper, and Woodward as Sparkish. On April 26, 1765, there was produced at Drury Lane an arrangement of Wycherley's play, in two acts, the adapter being Lee, who played Pinchivife to the Sparkish of King, the Harcourt of Parsons, the Dorilant of Packer, the Margery of Miss Slack, the Alithea of Mrs. Hopkins. In this version Horner and Sir Jasper and Lady Fidget were omitted, Dorilant being made the lover of Mrs. Pinchirife. The first act was practically Wycherley's ; in the second the modifications of the original were very considerable. This adaptation was played at Covent Garden in 1768, 1776, and 1786. See Country Girl. The. Country "Wit (The). A comedy by J. Crowne ((2. 1-.), owing a good deal to Moliere's ' Sicilien, ou 1' Amour Peintre,' and acted at the Duke's Theatre in 1675. We are told that it was "a great favourite Avith King Charles II." The "country wit" is one Sir Mannerly Shallow. Countryman (The). A play entered on the books of the Stationers' Company, September, 1653. "County (The). A play in four acts, by EsTELLE BURNEY (7. v.) and Arthur Ben- ham (q-.r.), first performed at Terry's Theatre, London, on June 2, 18i)2, with a cast includ- ing Miss Burney, Mrs. H. Waring, Miss A. Hughes, Miss H. Cowen, II. Waring, W. L. Abingdon, and H. V. Esmond. County Councillor (The). A comedy in three acts, by H. Graham, produced at Ladbroke Hall, London, on October 17, 1891; at the Crystal Palace on November 17, 1892, and on the following afternoon at the Strand Theatre, London, with E. W. Garden in the title part, and other parts by Yorke Stephens, W. Lestocq, E. Hendrie, and Miss F. Brough ; revived at the Trafalgar Square Theatre in February, 1893. County Fair (The). A play by Charles Barnard, first performed at Bur- lington, N.J., on October 6, 1SS8, with NeU Burgess as Abigail Price ; first repre- sented in New York at Proctor's Twenty- Third Street Theatre, March 5, 1889 ; pro- duced at Brixton Theatre, London, on April 12, 1897, and at the Princess's Theatre, Lon- don, on June 5, 1897. ^ Coupeau, in Charles Reade's 'Drink' \q.v.), reappears in ' Another Drink ' {q.v.). Coupee. A dancing-master in Field- ing's ' Virgin Unmasked ' {q.v.). Coupler, in Lee's ' Man of Quality ' (.q.v.) and Hollingshead's ' Man of Quality.' Coupon. A stockbroker in Walter Phillips's ' Paper Wings ' {q.v.). Coupon Bonds. A play by J. T. Trowbridge {q.v.), performed in U.S.A. Cour du Roi Petaud (La). See Fleur de Lys. Couragre. (1) A drama by Henry Gas- COIGNE, Marylebone Theatre, October 25, 1886. (2) A play by A. C. Gunter iq.v.), performed in the United States. Courag-eous Turk (The); or, Amu- rath the First. A play by Thomas Goffe (died 1627). Couramont, Prosper, in J.Palgrave Simpson's ' Scrap of Paper ' {q.v.), was after- wards re-christened Colonel Blake {q.v.). Courcelles, Marie de, in Mrs. HOL- FORD's ' Republican Marriage ' {q.v.). Courier of Lyons (The). A drama in four acts, by MM. Moreau, Siraudin, and Delacour, performed at the Gaite, Paris, on March 16, 1850, with M. Lacressoni^re in the dual rdle {Joseph Lesurques and Duhosc), and at the St. Jame.s's Theatre, London, in 1859. Of this there have been several English adaptations. (1) By Lewis Phillips, per- formed in three acts at the Standard Thea- tre, London, on March 10, 1851, with J. Rayner and R. Honner as Joseph Lesurques and Duhosc, and Mrs. R. Honner as Jeanne. (2) By Edward Stirling (in three acts), at the Marylebone Theatre in 1852. (3) Bv Charles Reade ; first performed at the Princess's Theatre on June 26, 1854, with Charles Kean as Joseph Lesurques and Du- hosc, J.Vining as Daubenton, J. F. Cathcartas Didier, Miss Kate Terry as Joliquet, Addison as Choppard, D. Fisher as Courriol, H. Saker as Fouinard, Miss C. Leclercq as J*ulie Lesurques, and Miss Heath as Jeanne; revived at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on July 4, 1870, with H. Vezin as Duhosc and Lesurques, R. Soutar as Courriol, Miss Fane as Jitlie, Mrs. H. Leigh as Janette, Miss E. Farren as Joliquet. See Ly'ONS Mail. (4> At the Victoria Theatre on July 10, 1854, with E. F. Saville as Joseph Lesurques and Duhosc, and Mrs. H. Vining as Jeanne. (5) At the Adelphi Theatre on July 17, 1854, with L. Murray as Joseph Lesurques and Duhosc, D. Parselle as Daubenton, " O." Smith as Jerome Lesurques, Paul Bedford as Choppard, C. Selby as Courriol, Garden as Fouinard, Miss F. Maskell as Julie, and Mrs. L. Murray as Jeanne. (6) By JOHN COLEJIAN {q.v.), performed at Sheffield. Courier of the Czar (The). (1) A drama in four acts, by Hugh Marston, Standard Theatre, London, May 21, 1877. (2) A drama in three acts, by Charles Osborne, Theatre Royal, Liverpool, May 14, 1877. Court, Quality. A barrister in G. H. Lewes' ' Lawyers' {q.v.). M^ COURT 344 COURT SECRET Court (The), the Prison, and the Scaffold. A drama by R. Bell, Bri- tannia Theatre, London, November 30, 1S74. Court and Camp. An adaptation by G. Roberts from Paul Meurice's ' Fanfan la Tulippe,' produced at the Princess's Theatre, London, in June, 1863. See King's Butterfly. Court and City. A comedy in five acts, adapted by R. B. Peake (q.v.) from scenes in Steele's ' Tender Husband ' {^q.v.) and Mrs. Sheridan's ' Discovery,' and first performed at Covent Garden on November 17, 1841, with a cast including W. Farren (as Sir Paladin Scruple), C. Mathews, W. Lacy, F. Matthews, A. Wigan (as Lionel Scruple), R. Honner, Diddear, Bartley, Harley, Mrs. W. West, Mdme. Vestris, Mrs. Nisbett, Mrs. W. Lacy, etc. Court and Country; or. The Changreling-s. A ballad opera, printed in 1743. Court Beauties (The). A dramatic sketch in one act, by J. R. PlanchS (q.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on March 12, 1835, with Bland as Buckingham, J. Vining as Sir George Heivitt, F. Matthews as Sir John Himks, W. Vining as Sir Peter Lehj, Miss Paget as Miss Lawson, Mdme. Vestris as Tiffany, etc. ; revived at the Lyceum in June, 1851, with G. J. Vining as Charles II., C. J. Mathews &% Buckingham, R. Roxby as Hewitt, F. Matthews in his original jpart, B. Baker as Lely, Miss M. Oliver as Miss Lau'son, and Miss St. George as Tiffany. Planche admitted that he was indebted to Douglas Jerrold for the idea of the piece. An incident in Shirley's ' Hyde Park ' was also made use of. " The scene in which ' King Charles II.'s Beauties ' were represented in their frames, from the well- known pictures at Hampton Court, by ladies of the company, was a tableau vivant as novel as it was effective." Court Beg-g-ar (The). A comedy by Richard Brome (q.v.). acted at the Cockpit in 1632, and printed in 1653. " This is one of Brome's most amusing comedies. The old knight turned speculator. Sir Andrew Mendicant, is a happy attemjjt in Jonson's manner. The projectors are diverting. . . . One of their schemes is a floating play- house " (A. W. Ward). Court Cards. A comic drama in two acts, adapted from the French by J. Pal- GRAVE Simpson (q.v.), and first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on November 25, 1861, with II. Neville as Prince Max of Altenfels, G. Cooke as Baron von Babbleberg, W. Gordon as Conrad von Rosenthal, H. Cooper as Sergeant Brummer, Mrs. Leigh Murray as the Doicager Duchess of Altenfels, and Miss Amy Sedgwick as Princess Amelia of Helden Lausen. Henry Morley describes the piece as "a gaily complicated little drama of intrigue." Court Favour; or, "Private and Confidential." A play by J. R. Planch^ (q.v.), first performed at the Olympic The- atre, London, on September 29,' 1836, wi*b Mdme. Vestris, C. J. Mathews, F. Mat- thews, J. Vining, J. Brougham, Mrs. Macnamara, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley; in the cast ; revived at the Strand Theatre^ London, in August, 1858, with Miss Marie Wilton as Lucy Morton. Court Fool (The) ; or, A King's Amusement. A tragic drama in three acts, adapted by W. E. Burton from Hugo's ' Le Roi S'Amuse ' (q.v.), and first performed at Sadler's Wells on May 11, 1840, with H. Marston as Triboulet (the Court Fool), Mrs. R. Honner as Blanche (his daughter), and other parts by R. Honner, Mrs. R. Barnett. Court G-allants. A comedy adapted by C. Selby from the French, and first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on August 31, 1863, by a cast including Mrs. C. Selby, Miss Eliza Newton, Miss Lydia Maitland, :Miss Pelham, W. H. Ste- phens, David James, J. Robins, etc. Court Jester (The). A comedietta adapted by C. J. Mathews from the French (q.v.), and first performed at the Havmarket' in July, 1832. ' '\ Court Medley; or, Marriage by Proxy. A ballad opera in three acts,' printed in 1733. Court of Alexander (The). A bur lesque opera in two acts, attributed to G. A. Stevens (q.v.), and printed in 1770. Court of Honour (A). A play ir three acts, by John Lart and Charles Dickinson, produced at the Royalty The atre, London, in May, 1897, with a casl including Miss Eleanor Calhoun, Miss Nina Boucicault, Fred Terry, and W. L Abingdon. j Court of Oberon; or, The Thre« Wishes. A dramatic entertainment bj; the COUNTE.SS of Hardwicke. Court of Old Fritz (The). A bur letta, first performed at the Olympic The atre, London, November, 1838, with W Farren as Frederick the Great and Vol taire. Court of Queen's Bench (The). A' vaudeville, with music by John Barnett produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London by Mdme. Vestris (q.v.). -, Court Scandal (A). A con:edy ii three acts, adapted by Aubrey Boucicaul'i and Osmond Shillingford from *Le: Premieres Armes de Richelieu' of Bayarc and Dumanoir (Palais Royal, Paris, Decern ber, 1839), and first performed at the Cour Theatre, London, on January 24, 1899, wit] a cast including Seymour Hicks, AUai Aynesworth, J. D. Beveridge, Miss Dorothe; Baird, aiiss Le Thiere, Miss F. Wood, Mis E. Matthews, Miss M. Clements, etc. transferred to the Garrick Theatre on 31a., 10, 1899. Court Secret (The). A tragi-comedy b. James Shirley (q.v.), printed in 1653, an^ COURT THEATRE 345 COUSIN TOM acted, after the Restoration, by the King's Company. The secret is that of the Duchess Mendoza, governess to Carlo, Crown Prince of Spain, who is supposed to have been stolen, the fact being that the Duchess had out her son Julio in his place. Court Theatre. See London The- atres. Courtal, Sir Francis. A character in Taverner's 'Artful Wife '(q.v.). Courtall, Captain. A character in Bullock's 'Adventures of Half an Hour' (q.v.). (2) Courtall, in Mrs. Cowley's ' Belle's Stratagem' (q.v.), is a fop and a libertine. (3) There is a Sir Charles Courtall in 'The Married Bachelor ' (q.v.). Courte, S. X. [nom-de-guerre]. Play- wright ; author of 'The Great Pearl Case' (afterwards 'The Wife of Dives') (1894); 'Villon, Poet and Cutthroat' (1894); 'The Average Man' (1895); and the libretto of ' The Royal Star ' (1898). Courted into Court. A farce comedy in three acts, l)y J. J. McNally, originally produced at Omaha, Nebraska, December 5,1896, with Miss May Irwin in the chief part ; first performed in New York City at 'the Bijou Tneatre, December 29, 1896. Courtenay, in Tom Taylor's ' 'Twixt ixe and ('rown ' (q.v.). Courtine, in Otway's 'Soldier's For- tune' (q.v.). is in love with Sylvia. (2) Jourtine, in Bl'RNABY'S 'Lady's Visiting ')a,y' (q.v.), marries Lady Lovetoy. Courtly. (1) A character in Miller's Art and Nature' (q.v.). (2) Sir Charles lourtly, in Dibdin's 'Farmer's Wife' (q.v.), bducts the heroine. (3) Sir Harcourt 'ourtly, in Boucicault's 'London Assur- nee' (q.v.), is an old beau, whose son 'harles is the " jeune premier" of the piece. 1) There is a Sir James Courtly in Mrs. iENTLlVRE's ' Basset-Table ' (q.v.). A Mrs. 'ourtly figures (5) in ' Free and Easy ' (q.v.), ad (6) in O'Beirne's ' Generous Impostor ' uv.). Courtney, John. Actor and play- right, born 1813, died 1865 ; author of iged Forty,' ' Double-faced People,' ' Eu- ache Baudin,' ' Old Joe and Young Joe,' rime tries All,' ' The Two Polts,' ' Vanity.' The Wicked Wife.' Courtney, William Leonard. Dra- atic and miscellaneous writer ; author of ^it Marlowe' (1890), 'Gaston Boissier' 593), ' Undine ' (1903), which see ; author, ^0, of ' The Idea of Tragedy in Ancient and odern Drama' (1900), and of manv criti- cs of the theatre, in the London Daily legraph and elsewhere. See Oxford. Oourtship; or. The Three Caskets, comedy by H. J. Byrox (q.v.), first per- med at the Court Theatre, London, on tober 10, 1879, with C. F. Coghlan as iward Trentham, Wilson Barrett as De vrcy, G. W. Anson as Phineas Gubbins. I A. Dacre as Moltino, H. Reeves Smith as Tom Lilfield, Miss Amy Roselle as Millicent Vivian, Miss E. Ormsby as Fanny, Mrs Lei^h Murray as Mrs. McTartar, Miss M. A. Giffard as a maid. Courtship-a-la-Mode. A comedy bv David Craufurd, acted at Drury Lane in 1700. Courtship of Leonie (The). A plav by Henry V. Esmond, first performed Parson's Theatre, Hartford, Ct., November 20, 1896 ; first represented in New York at the Lyceum Theatre, November 24, 1896. Courtship of Miles Standish(The). A play by E. W. Presbrey, performed in U.S.A. See Maid of Plymouth and May- flower. Courtship of Morrice Buckler (The). A play in four acts, adapted bv A. E. W. Mason and Isabel Bateman (q.v'.) from the former's novel of the same name, and produced at the Grand Theatre, Isling- ton, December 6, 1897. Cousin from Australia (The). A farcical comedy in three acts, by Sydney Blackburn, Opera Comique, London, April 11, 1898. Cousin Cherry. A farce by Henry Spicer (q.v.), performed at the Olvmpic Theatre, London, in 1848, with Mrs. Stirling in the title r6le. Cousin Dick. A comedietta in one act, by Val Prinsei', R.A. (q.v.), first performed at the Court Tiieatre, London, on March 1, 1879, by MissK. Pattison, Miss C. Grahaine, andT. N. Wenman ; revived at tlie Criterion Theatre, London, on July 3, 18S6. Cousin G-race. A play by J. Dilley and L. Clifton. Gaiety Theatre, London, December 4, 1884. Cousin Jack. A comedy in three acts, adapted from the German of Roderick Bene- dix by Hermann Vezin, and first per- formed at Worthing on September 30, 1891 ; Eroduced at the 0^€vs. Comique Theatre, ondon, on the afternoon of November 12 in that year, -svith the adapter in the title part. Cousin Johnny. A comedy in three acts, by J. F. Nisbet (q.v.) and C. M. Rae (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, July 11, 1885, with J. S. Clarke in the title role, supported by H. R. Teesdale, F. Wyatt, Creston Clarke, H. Astlev, Miss E. Bufton, Miss L. Buckstone, Miss M. Hudspeth, Miss C. Ewell, etc. Cousin Kate. See One of our Girls. Cousin Lambkin. A farce by J. Mad- DisoN Morton (q.v.). Cousin Peter. A farce in one act, by T. E. WiLKS (q.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on October 11, 1841. Cousin Tom. A comedietta in one act, by G. Roberts (q.v.), first performed at the COUSIN ZACHARY COVENTRY PLAYS Princess's Theatre, London, on June 8, 1863, ■with G. Belmore as Mr. yewington Cosicay, and other parts by Fitzjames, R. Cathcart, and Miss M. Oliver. Cousin Zachary. A one-act play, per- formed in America in 1887, with Felix Morris in the title part. Cousin Zack. A comedietta by Her- bert Gardner (q-v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal, Windsor, November 28, 1883. Cousins, A comedy in three acts, by Hamilton Aide (q.v.). first performed at the Shelley Theatre, Chelsea, London, December 13, i882, with Miss Rosina Yokes (Mrs. Cecil Clay) as Miss Vane. Cousins' Courtship. A "sketch" by :\Iary Collette, Lyric Theatre, London, September 24, 1892. Couteaux d'Or. See Golden Dag- gers, The. Coutts, Mrs. See Mellon, Harriett. Covenanters (Th.e). A musical drama, performed at the English Opera House, London, in August, 1835, with music com- posed and selected by Edward Loder, and with Miss P. Horton in a leading role. Coveney. Actor, born 1790, died 1881 ; made his London debit t at Drury Lane in September, 1815. He was connected with the Haymarket Theatre for nearly thirty years. Most of his children— notably Jane and Harriett Coveney ((7. i'.)— became mem- bers of the histrionic profession. Coveney, Harriett [Mrs. Charles Jecks]. Actress, born 1828, died 1892 ; made her professional d>:'biit at Edinburgh in 1835. She continued for some years to play children's parts in the provinces and in London, where she made her first notable appearance as an adult at the Adelphi The- atre in l:i49-50, as Fnncess Agatha in the Broughs' ' Frankenstein ' (q.v.). After this, she was the first representative of many parts in pantomime, and also of the follow- ins (and other) characters -.—Adolphe in 'Falsacappa' (Globe, 1S71), the Bai-oness in ' La Vie Paiisienne ' (Holborn, 1872), the Marquise in ' L'QEil Creve ' (Opera Comique, 1872), Irna Aussa in Burnand's ' Kissi-Kissi ' (Opera Comique, 1873), Clorinde in ' La Jolie Parfumeuse' (Royalty, 1878), Madeline in 'Over-Proof (Royalty, 1S78), Jane Garside in Boucicault's 'Rescued' (Adelphi, 1879), yanette in Wills's ' Ninon ' (Adelphi, 1880), Eliza Lahsey in ' Billee Taylor ' (Imperial, 1S80), Mrs. Jeff's in ' The Member for Slocum ' (Royalty, ISSl), Mrs. O'Gulhj in 'The Great Mogul' (Royalty, ISSl), Mistress Betty in Solomon's ' Claude Duval ' (Olympic, 1881), Lady Muggeridge in ' Dust ' (Royalty. 1881), Leila in Solomon's ' Lord Bateman ' (Gaiety, 1&S2), Sally Cowslip in Solomon's ' Virginia and Paul' (Gaiety, 1883), Mrs. Timmins in 'In the Ranks' (Adelphi. 1S83). Mrs. No. 22 in ' The Last Chance ' (Adelphi, 1885), Mrs. Primrose in ' The Vicar of "Wideawakefleld ' (Gaiety, 1885), Mrs. Sheppard in ' Little Jack Sheppard' (Gaiety, 1885), and Mrs. Pritett in Cellier's ' Dorothy ' (Gaiety, 18S6). Among other parts played by her were those of Betsy Trotwood and Flibbertigibbet in re- vivals of 'Little Em'ly ' (Adelphi, 1875) and ' Amy Robsart ' (Drury Lane, 1877). Coveney, Jane [Mrs. Larkins]. Actress, born 1^24, ilied 1900 ; played Portia in ' Julius Cfesar ' at the Surrey Theatre in 1851. Among other parts in which she distinguished herself in London or the pro- vinces were Mrs. Malaprop, Mrs. Floyd in Tom Taylor's ' Mary Warner,' Jeremiah Blobbs in F. Harveys ' Wages of Sin,' etc. She acted with mo'st of the "stars" froir Macready to Mdlle. Beatrice. Covent Garden. A comedy by Tegma.^ Nabbes {q. v.), first performed in 1632, bui, not printed till 1638. Covent Garden Theatre. See Lox DON Theatres. Covent Garden Tragredy (The). .- burlesque in two acts, by Henry FieldiN( {q.v.), acted at Drury Lane in June, 1732 with Cibber, jun., as Lovegirlo, Mullart a. Captain Bdkum, Miss Rafter as Eissanda. Mrs. Mullart as Stormanda, etc. It was : travesty of ' The Distressed Mother ' (g.t;.). ,' Covent Garden Weeded (The). .. play by R. Brome (q.v.'^, printed in 1659. Coventry Plays (The), so called, ar; to be found in manuscript (dating about 146"- in the Cottonian collection in the Britisi Museum. They are forty-two in number, an' are associated with Coventry on the authorit' of an inscription by Dr. Richard Jame'- Sir Robert Cotton's librarian (about 1630)-; "Vulgo dicitur hie liber Ludus Coventria, sive Ludus Coi-poris Christi." A. W. Po, lard, however, expresses his belief thi "further investigation will lead to the di- cisive connection of this cycle not wit Coventry, but with the Eastern countie' As Professor Ten Brink has pointed out, tl dialect and scribal peculiarities of the plays belong rather to the North - Ea iNIidlands than to the neighbourhood • Coventry " (' English Miracle Plays '). ; passage at the close of the prologue sugges' that the pieces were performed not on' in Coventry but in other towns. "TJ practice was to perform the first twenti eight plavs, covering the period from Cre- tion of tlie World to the Betrayal of Chri;: one year, and the remaining plays, up Doomsday, the next year." " In this cy(' the didactic speeches elsewhere assign ; to a ' Doctor ' or ' Expositor ' are deliver" by an allegorical personage called Cc templacio. Death is personified, and play on the Salutation is prefaced by a lo prologue in heaven, in which the speak< are (besides Deus Pater and Deus Fili, Veritas, Misericordia, Justicia, and P|' The tendency towards the personificati of abstract ideas is a mark of late date* the history of the miracle plays, and he to link this cvcle to the earlier moralitit (Pollard). "I cannot but think '(says "(5 COVERLEY COWELL W. Ward) "that in their composition the Coventry plays show signs not perhaps of ecclesiastical origin, but of the direct in- fluence of ecclesiastical minds. . . . The Grey Friars of Coventry are known to have performed a cycle of Corpus Christi plays, but it is rather of internal evidence that I am speaking" ('English Dramatic Litera- ture '). It may be added that miracle plays were acted by the various tradesmen of Coventry from an early date to 1580, when the performances stopped. An effort to .•evive them was made in 1584, but they had nearly outlived their day, and after 1591 they ceased altogether. Coverley, Sir Rogrer de. See Sir Roger de Coverley. Cow Doctor (The). A comedy in three icts, printed in 1810. "The Cow Doctor," 5ays Genest, "is the name given, by low md ignorant persons, to any practitioner on ,he vaccine system." Coward Conscience. A play by A. ►Vallack and A. C. Byrne, performed in J.S.A. in 1888. Cowardly Foe (A). A piece in one ict, by VVynn Miller, pei-formed at the criterion Theatre, London, July 12, 1892. Cowboy and the Lady (The). A ;omedy in three acts, by Cly'de Fitch q.v.), performed originally at Philadelphia, J.S.A., on March 13, 1899 ; produced at the )uke of York's Theatre, London, June 5, 899, with N. C. Goodwin as Teddy North, liss Maxine Elliott as 3frs. Weston, and liss Gertrude Elliott as Midge. Cowell, Joseph Leathley. Actor; eal name, Witchett ; born in Devonshire, 792, died 1S63 ; was in the navy during his sens ; joined the histrionic profession in anuary, 1812, making his first appearance t Plymouth. After this came engagements t Richmond, AV^oolwich (where he began ork as a scene-painter), and Brighton, 'ith Faulkner on the Northern Circuit .vhere he first played Crack in ' The Turn- ike Gate'), and with T. Robertson at incoln. His London dibut was made at 'rury Lane under the auspices of Stephen lemble, as Saimon Rawhold in ' The Iron hest.' For a time he travelled the Lin- :)ln Circuit with an entertainment called Cowell Alone ; or, A Ti-ip to London.' ater he was engaged successively at the delphi, Drury Lane (with Elliston), and stley's. Invited to America, he made his rst appearance there in October, 1821, at le Park Theatre, New York, opening as rack and in ' The Foundling of the Forest.' eaving the Park in July, 1823, he entered pen a career of popularity throughout the tates. In 1827 he became manager of a leatre at Wilmington, Delaware. He was I England in 1846 and 1854. He returned lere in 1863, in which year he died. He id published at New York in 1844 his xount of ' Thirty Years passed among le Players in England and America.' By s second wife he had a daughter, Sidney Frances, who became the wife of H. L. Bateman {q.v.'). See ' Dictionary of National Biography ' (1887). Cowell, Liydia. Actress ; has been the original representative of the following (and other) characters -.—Jo in ' Jo, the Outcast ' (Margate, 1876), Ernestine in ' Clockwork ' (Olympic, London, 1877), Fanchon in ' Little Cricket ' (Hull, 1878), Sybil in ' The Lord of the Manor' (Imperial, London, ISSO), Bunch in ' Divorce ' (Vaudeville, 1881), EiUh Pinch in ' Tom Pinch ' (Vaudeville, 1881), Grace Delajield in ' Reclaimed ' (Haymarket, 1881), Winsome Weare in ' Out of the Hunt * (Royalty, 1881), Lucinda in ' Gammon ' (Vaudeville, 1882), Lady Magniac in 'The Novel Reader' (Globe, 1882), Mary Middle- ton in ' Lady Clare ' (Globe, 1883), Skindler in 'Hard Up' (Strand, 1883), Kitty Tweed in • Homespun ' (Novelty, 1884), Lottie Fane in * Lottie ' (Novelty, 1S84), Louisa in ' Wifey ' (Strand, 1885), Violetta in * Old Sinners ' ((Jaiety. 1886), Cherry Jefcoat in 'Hard Hit ' (Haymarket, 1887), Gertrude in ' The Alderman' (Criterion, 1887), Matilda in ' Oh ! these Widows ! ' (Terry's, 1889), Polly in • Queen's Counsel ' (Comedy, 1890), Emma, in ' Nerves ' (Comedy, 1890). Jane in * May and December' (Comedy, 1890). Amelia in ' The Gifted Lady ' (Avenue, 1891). Other parts played by Miss Cowell include Virginia in ' Virginius ' (with Creswick at the Surrey in October, 1880, and with McCullough at Drury Lane in May, 1881), Cordelia in ' King Lear' (with Signor Rossi at Her Majesty's, 1882). Jenny in ' The Queen's Shilling' (St. James's, 1S85), Dorinda in 'The Money Spinner' (St. James's, 1885), Nanine in ' Heartsease ' (Olympic, 1887), Miss Barron in ' Pink Doniinos ' (Comedy, 1889), Sally in ' The Clockmaker'a Hat' (Comedy, 1890). Cowell, Samuel Houg-hton. Actor and vocalist ; born in London 1820, died March, 1864 ; son of J. L. Cowell (q.v.) ; first appeared on the stage in 1829 at Boston, U.S.A., as Crack in 'The Turnpike Gate,' and thereafter figured throughout the States as " the young American Roscius." Coming back to England, he acted at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, before making his debut on the London stage at the Adelphi under Benj. Webster. In July, 1844, he was seen at the Surrey Theatre as Alessio in 'La Sonnambula.' After this "he sang in gTand opera, under Bunn's management, at Covent Garden, and was at various times engaged at the Adelphi, the Princess's, and the Olympic Theatres, in the capacity of a light comedian." The success with which he sang, at the Grecian, a buffo song in E. L. Blanchard's 'Nobody in London' {q.v.), led to his leaving the stage for the music-halls, where he became exceedingly popular. Among his best-known ditties were ' Billee Barlow,' 'Villikins and his Dinah,' 'The Rat-catcher's Daughter,' and ' Alonzo the Brave.' In 1860 he fulfilled an engagement in the United States. Four years later he died of con.sumption. See the memoir I COWEN S48 COX AND BOX prefixed to 'Sam. Cowell's Comic Songs' music by Sir Arthur Sullivan. In this v sion Mrs. Bouncer is transformed intci- man, and appears as Sergeant Bouncer. 1 > fi COXCOMB 349 CRACKED HEADS piece was tirst performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1866, as part of a benefit entertainment, Mr. George du Maurier representing Box, ]Mr. Harokl Power Cox, and Mr. Arthur Cecil (Blunt) (who was not then a professional actor) Bouncer. ' Cox md Box' was transferred to the regular stage at Easter, 1869, when it was per- formed at the German Reeds' Gallery of [Uustration, with Arthur Cecil as Box, T. Glernian Reed as Cox, and J. Seymour as Bouncer. It was played at the Gaiety in Tanuary, 1872, and again on July 21, 1880, vith A. Cecil as Box, George Grossmith as ^jox, and Corney Grain as Bouncer ; and at ■ihe Savoy Theatre, London, in 1S94, with A. R. Morand as Cox, Scott Russell as Box, Ud R. Temple as Bouncer. At Pontresina, n 1878-9, it was performed for the benefit if a Church fund, by Arthur Cecil as Box, • oseph Barn by as Bouncer, and Sir Arthur ullivan as Cox. I Coxcoml) (The). A comedy by Beal- J[ONT and Fletcher, revived at the The- ;tre Royal, " seemingly before the Union " [jenest), performed at Court about 1613, nd acted at the King's Playhouse in 1609. Antonio, who gives the name to it, is ) conceited and foolish that though his lend. Mercury, tells him he is in love ith his Avife, yet he insists on his not [avin^ her, and lays plans to facilitate aeir mtimacy. The main plot concerns Heardo. He is in love with Viola, and brsuades her to elope with him. "\Vhen ^3 comes to the place of appointment, he is I drunk that he does not know her. She ns oft' to avoid him. . . . Ricardo, on covering his senses, is truly penitent. e at last finds Viola, and they are recon- ed." The comedy was revived by the izabethan Stage Society (7.1;.) in the Inner pmple Hall, London, on February 10, 198. ICozcombs (The). A farce by Francis jSNTLEMAN (jj.v.), adapted from Jonson's llpiccene' (?.?;.), and acted once at the Hay- iirket in 1771. lioyne, Joseph Stirling-. Journalist 1 dramatic writer, born 1803, died 1868 ; it figured as a playwright in 1835, when farce, ' The Phrenologist,' was performed Dublin. This was followed in 1836 by onest Cheats,' 'The Fair Lovers,' and ae Queer Subject.' Coyne was also the i hor of the following pieces, all of which •' :— 'Binks the Bagman,* 'Black Sheep,' 3X and Cox Married and Settled,' 'The 1 'ken-Hearted Club,' 'Catching a Mer- iid,' 'Did you ever send your Wife to Voberwell ? ' ' Duck - Hunting,' ' Every- cy's Friend' [afterwards 'The Widow jnt'], 'The Home Wreck,' 'The Hope of t Family,' ' How to Settle Accounts with yr Laundress," 'The Little Rebel,' 'The Aji of Many Friends,' ' My Wife's Daughter,' Jthing Venture, Nothing Win,' ' The Old ^teau,' ' Pas de Fascination,' ' Samuel in ^ ch of Himself,' ' The Secret Agent,' ' A o uate Maintenance,' ' A Terrible Secret,' ' That Affair at Finchley,' ' An Unprotected 1 emale,' 'Urgent Private Affairs,' ' Wanted, 1000 Young Milliners,' 'Water Witches,' 'What will they say at Brighton?' 'The Woman of the World.' He wrote criticisms of the theatre for ' The Sunday Times,' and was secretary of the Dramatic Authors Society from 1856 till his death. Edmund Yates describes Coyne as " an indefatigable Irishman, who, by the aid of a French dictionary and a knowledge of the require- ments of the stage and the tastes of a London audience, for a series of years pro- vided managers with dramatic wares, more or less good, but nearly always popular. His broad farces, full of quaint verbal and practical jokes, were, taken for what they were, very amusing." Cozeners (The). A comedy in three acts, by Samuel Foote iq.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre in July, 1774, with the author as Aircastle, Weston as Toby (his son), J. Aikin as Colonel Gorget, Mrs. Williams as Fleece'em, Wilson as Flaw, etc. Flaw and Fleece'em are the Cozeners, who pretend to have great social influence. The former receives from Aircastle a con- siderable sum to arrange a marriage be- tween Tohy and Fleece'em's supposed niece. Gorget unmasks the pretenders. Cozening". A comic piece by Samuel Beazley iq.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on May 22, 1819, with F. Yates as Jiichard Mutable (q.v.). The piece was ■wi'itten to enable Yates to figure in a number of separate impersonations, and, so far, bears resemblance to ' The Actor of All Work ' (q.v.). See Twelve Precisely. Cozens, Captain. Leader of "The Knights of the Round Table " in Planche's comedy so named (q.v.). Cozimo. Duke of Florence, in Mas- SINGER'S ' Great Duke of Florence' (q.v.). Crab. (1) A country fellow in D'Urfey's ' Bath ' (q.v.). (2) Christojiher Crab is one of the personce in Stephens and Solomon's 'Billee Taylor' (q.v.). (3) A Mrs. Crab figures in Dance's 'Hush-Money' (q.v.). Crahtree. Uncle to Sir Benjamin Back- bite in Sheridan's 'School for Scandal' (q.v.). Crabtree, Lotta. See Lotta. Crack. The name of characters la Crowne's 'Sir Courtly Nice' (q.v.), and in Knight's 'Turnpike Gate' (q.v.). Crack me this Nut. A play per- formed at the Rose Theatre in September, 1595, and afterwards. Cracked Heads. A burlesque of Gilbert's 'Broken Hearts' (g. v.), written by Arthur Clements (q.v.) and Frederick HaY' (q-v.), and first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on February 2, 1876, with Edward Terry as Moxi^ta, Ilarry Cox as Prince Dorian, Miss Lottie Venne as Tilda^ and Miss Angelina Claude as Vapid. CRADLE 350 CRAVEN Cradle (The). A domestic incident, adapted by A. T. de MattOS from the Flemish of Emiel von Goetham, and per- formed at St. George's Hall, London, July 10, 1893, by Miss Alice Kingsley and T. Kingston. Cradle of Security (The). An inter- lude, circa 1560-1570, of which an account appears in Willis's ' Mount Tabor ' (1639). Cradock, Joseph. Author of ' Zo- beide,' a tragedy, adapted from ' Les Scythes ' of Voltaire, and printed in 1771 ; also, of a play called ' The Czar ' (,q.v.). Craft. A drama, in a prologue and four acts, by Arthur Sketchley iq.v.), produced at the Theatre Royal, Leicester, August 19, 1882. Craft upon Subtlety's Back. An interlude entered on the books of the Stationers' Company in January, 1608. Crafty Merchant (The). A play attributed to Marmion in Warburton's list, but ascribed by Fleay to William Bonen. Craig, Ed-ward Gordon. Actor ; made his debitt at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in September, 1889, as Arthur de St. Valery in 'The Dead Heart.' He was afterwards seen there as Cromivell in •Henry VIIL,' Osivald in 'King Lear.' Lorenzo in ' The Merchant of Venice,' Henry Ashton in Merivale's ■ Ravenswood,' the youngest Knight Templar in ' Becket,' Moses in ' Olivia,' etc.— His sister Edith has played small parts at the Lyceum and elsewhere. Craig-eng-elt, Captain, figures in all the adaptations of Scott's ' Bride of Lam- mermoor ' (q-v.). Crambo. A character in Gilbert's ' Topsyturveydom ' (q.v.). Cramond Brigr ; or, The Gudeman o' Ballang-eich. A comic drama in two acts, adapted from ' The Miller of Mansfield ' by W. H. Murray (?.•?;.), and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, on Feb- ruary 27, 1826, with Mackay as Jock Hoivie- son, Denham s,sJanies V., Harrold as James Birkie, Collier as Tarn Maxwell, Mrs. Nicol as Tibbie Howieson, and Miss Noel as Marion Howieson. Referring to the rumour that the piece was by J. G. Lockhart, Sir Walter Scott wrote in his diary: "I cannot think it his ; there are so few good things in it, and so much prosing transferred from that mine of marrowless morality, called ' The 3Iiller of Mansfield.' Yet it pleases." The piece was produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in November, 1834, with some in- terpolated Scotch airs " delightfully warbled by Wilson." CranboTirnalli, The Count di, figures in H. J. Byron's 'Pilgrim of Love' ifi-v.). Crane, Ichabod, in G. F. Rowe's • Wolfert's Roost' iq.v.), is "a sort of lov- able Paul Pry, or a sprightly and energetic Dominie Sampson" (W. Winter). (2) Miss Minerva Crane, figures in TOM Taylor'j 'Victims' iq.v.). Crane, "William H. An Americai comedian, who has made special successe. in such pieces as ' The Senator ' (r/.w.), ' Evan geline ' (1877), ' The Governor of Kentucky (1896), ' A Virginia Courtship ' (1898), etc. Cranky. A character in ' The Son-in Law' iq.v.). There are (2) a Colonel Crank in J. M. Morton's ' Three Cuckoos ' iq.vJ (3) a Jasper Cranky in Shirley Brooks'' 'Guardian Angel' iq.v.), and (4) a Tori Cranky in Hollingshead's 'Birthplace c Podgers' iq.v.). Crape. A chambermaid in T. Parry' 'V.V.'iq.V.). Crasher. A character in Morton' ' Slasher and Crasher ' iq.v.). Cratchit, Bob, clerk to Scrooge, figure with his wife, in the various dramatizatior of Dickens's ' Christmas Carol' iq.v.). Crauford, J. R. Actor, born 184S made his professional debut at the Pri) cess's Theatre, Edinburgh, in 1874, and h first appearance in London at the Mirrc Theatre in 1875. He was the original Lm Edendale in ' All for Her ' (1875), and afte wards was in the first casts of Burnand 'Ourselves' (1880), Wingfield's 'Mar Stuart' (1880), Dilley and Clifton's 'To Pinch '(1881), Sims's 'Half-way House '(188: Derrick's ' Confusion ' (1883), Bvron's ' Op; House' (1885), Coghlan's 'Enemies' (188- ' Stra,thlogan,' etc. In 1883 and 1890 : fulfilled engagements in America. Craufurd, David. Historiographer' Scotland ; author of two comedies— 'Cou; ship k la Mode' (1700) and 'Love at Fi; Sight ' (1704). Craven, CouJitess of. See Bruntc Louisa. Craven, Ha-wes. Scenic artist ; paini the scenery for ' The Frozen Deep,' Olym; Theatre, 1866. His brush was emploj upon all, or nearly all, of Henry Irvin i productions at the Lyceum Theatre, ginning with that of ' The Bells ' in 1871. : Craven, Henry Thornton. Drams. writer and actor, born February,181S ; aut • ; of the following pieces :— ' Bertrand • i Avenger,' ' Miserrimus ' (1843), * The C. i Case ' (1844), ' Done Brown ' (1845), ' Not > be Done ' (1348), 'The Village Nightingf ' (1851), 'Our Nelly' (1853), 'The Post B.' (I860), ' Bowled Out ' (1860), ' The Chim ! Corner ' (1861), ' Miriam's Crime ' (1863), ' Y Preserver '(1863), ' Milky White' (1863), "3 Needful' (1864), 'One Tree Hill' (16'. ' Meg's Diversion ' (1866), ' Barwise's Bo (1868), 'Coals of Fire' (1871), 'Philon' (1870), ' Too True ' (1876), ' My Daughf s Debut,' ' Unlucky Friday,' etc. His d> t as an actor was made at York, whence e went, in 1841, to the Sunderland circ- His London dehut was afterwards mad t Miss Fanny Kelly's Theatre in Dean Sti ^• In 1842 he joined the Adelphi comp:'. i i^ i CRAVEN 351 CRAZY PATCH appearing as Randolph Crewe in ' The Miser's Daughter ' (q.v.). After this, he played en- gagements at the Strand, Covent Garden (1843), the Lyceum (1844), the Marylebone (1846-7), the Princess's (1S48), Drury Lane (1850, appearing as Orlando and Malcolm), and various provincial houses. From Octo- ber, 1854, to May, 1857. he was in Australia. In 1864 he figured at Liverpool in the first casts of his pieces, 'The Needful' and 'Milky AVhite,' in which he afterwards appeared in London at the Strand and the St. James's. At the Royalty in 1866, and at the Court in 1871, he was in the original casts of his • Meg's Diversion ' and ' Coals of Fire ' respectively. His last provincial tour was made in 1873, and in 1876 he appeared for the last time on any stage in his play, 'Too True' {q.v.). "Mr. H. T. Craven in his original plays, ' Milky White,' ' Meg's Diversion,' 'The Post Boy,' 'The Chimney Corner,' has given us examples of serio- tragic dramas finer in the most essential qualities [than John Oxenford's]. Mi*. Craven's construction is imperfect, and his dialogue is vitiated by bad puns ; but in all literature I know not a more effective situation than that in ' Meg's Diversion,' where Jasper Pidgeon, a humble mechanic, finds that his brother, who has been educated as a gentleman, is loved by the woman he himself adores. The chivalrous conduct of Jasper under the circumstances has never been surpassed " (' Dramatists of the Present Day,' 1871). Craven, Tom. Dramatic -writer and actor, son of H. T. Craven {q.v.) ; has pro- luced the following plays : — ' The Stow- iway' (1884), 'Grasping a Shadow' (1885), The Visiting Card ' (1887), ' The Fugitive ' ;1887), 'The Miser's Will' (1889), 'The yVorkbox' (1890), 'The Ballad Singer' 1891), 'Time the Avenger' (1892), 'Half 'Vlast High ' (1893), ' Aladdin in Luck ' .1893), 'The Bonnie Babes in the Wood' 11894) ; also (with R. Nelson), ' Mumps the .lasher ' (1884) and (with G. Conquest) The Village Forge ' (1890). Craven, "Walter Stokes. Actor, ocalist, and playwright ; was in the original ast of 'Le Petit J)vlc,' {q.v.) at the Globe, nd of 'Melita' {q.v.) at the Novelty, i-fter experience in South Africa, India, and lustralia, he became stage-manager of the Ivoli Opera House, San Francisco, where e dramatized Haggard's * Allan Quater- lain.' Many touring engagements in -.merica followed. He is the author of itie following plays, all seen in England :— INowadavs,' ' An Innocent Abroad ' (1894), The Cruel Law ' (1895), ' Four Little Girls ' 897), ' No Appeal ' (1897), and ' The Future Irs. Skillimore ' (1897) ; also, of ' The Me- ium ' (' Der Bibliothekar '), ' Mixed,' ' Bad ads,' ' Hide and Seek,' etc. Cravencoeur, Captain. A character I Mildenhall's 'Post of Honour' {q.v.). Crawford, F. Marion. Author (>vith ■ St. Maur) of a dramatization of his novel, Dr. Claudius' (1897). Crawford, Mrs. Ann {nie Street]. Actress, born at Bath, 1734 ; died November, 1801 ; is said to have " offended her family by going on the stage ; her mother had such a contempt for the profession that she left her a weekly pension, as she would have done to a pauper or dependant. This she was to forfeit if she continued on i the stage ; she enjoyed it, however, to her dying day, as the relation who might have claimed the reversion waived his claim." f She was thrice married — first to Dancer j {q.v.), next to Spranger Barry {q.v.), and I lastly to a man, much younger than herself, ! named Crawford. It was as Mrs. Dancer I that she acted in Dublin between 1758 and I 1767, appearing as Cordelia, Juliet, Desde- I mona, Helena (' All's Well that Ends Well '), I Octavia (' All for Love '), Monimia, Belvidera, Jane Shore, Aimer ia, Millamant, Mrs. Sullen, I Miranda{' The Busybody '), Angelica (' Love for Love '), Polbj Peachum, etc. , and figuring ^ as the first representative of Mrs. Dogherty \ in 'The True-born Irishman' {q.v.). She I was at the Haymarket in 1767, and at Drury Lane from that year till 1774. At the latter I house she enacted Rosalind, Lady Macbeth, ' Portia (' The Merchant of Venice '), Imogen, Constance (' King John '), Cleopatra (' All I for Love '), Lady Randolph, Calista, Sirs. I Beverley, Lady Toumley, Lady Brute, etc., I besides being in the first casts of 'False I Delicacy,' ' Zenobia,' 'Almida,' 'Alonzo,' ' Edward and Leonora,' etc. At Covent j Garden, between 1774 and 1780 she played Beatrice and Viola, besides several new cha- 1 racters. In 1780-81 she was at Drury Lane, in 1783-84 at Covent Garden. In and after 1768 she played as Mrs. Barry, and in and after 1778 as Mrs. Crawford. She retired in 1798. " In her best days," says one of her critics, "she was a first-rate tragic actress, but she played so well in comedy that if she had never spoken one line of blank verse she would have been at the head of her profession." According to Charles Dibdin, she " had more of Garrick's merit in tragedy, and was equal to quickness, passion, rage, and an exposition of all the terrible and tur- bulent passions. Common grief was too tame for her expression. She knew not how to insinuate herself into the heart— her mode was to seize it. Admiration was not enough : she must beget astonishment. This difficult effect, it must be confessed, her acting very often produced." See Genest's ' English Stage' (1832), Campbell's 'Life of Mrs. Siddons,' Boaden's 'Life of Kemble,' etc. Cra-wley. (1) A lawyer in Shirley Brooks's 'Daughter of the Stars' {q.v.). (2) An attorney's clerk in Charles Reade's ' Gold' {q.v.). Crazed. A musical absurdity by Alfred R. Phillips, in which W. J. Hill played Beethoven Brown, an eccentric musician. Crazy. A character in ' Peeping Tom ' {q.v.). Crazy Patch. Aplayby A.C.Gunter, first performed in U.S.A. CREATION OF EVE 352 CRESWICK Creation of Eve (The). A " mystery " performed by the Guild of Grocers at Nor- wich, temp. Henry YIII. Creation of the World (The). The subject of the following dramatic pieces :— (1) "a play performed at Skinner's Well in the reign of Richard II. (2) A play by William Jordan, written in 1611 in the Cornish dialect, and first printed in 1S27 ; printed again in Xorris's ' Ancient Cornish Drama ' (iS59;, and translated into English in 1S67 by John Keigwin (see Harleian MSS.). (3) A play licensed in 1624. This, says W. C. Hazlitt, "perhaps had some connection" with a "droll" performed at Bartholomew Fair at the close of the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth century, referred to in ' Wit and Drollerv ' (16S2) as ' The World's Creation ' ('Manual of Old English Plays'). The Creation was also the subject of plays in the Chester, Towneley, and York series. Creatures of Impulse. A " fairy tale " founded by W. S, Gilbert {q.v.) on his own ' Story about a Strange Old Lady,' and first performed at th e Court Theatre, London, on April 15, 1S71, with Miss Maggie Brennan as Peter, Miss Kate Bishop as Pipette, Miss Lucy Franklein as the Strange Old Lady, E. E. Righton as Boomblehardt ; produced at the Park Theatre, New York, in 1S7S, with Leclercq as Boomblehardt; revived at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, in 1S74, with E. Righton and Miss Bishop in their ori- ginal characters, W. H. Wallace as Elooque, Lestocq as Jac'^w^s, and Miss Cicely Richards as the Strange Old Lady. The piece has been played in the English provinces by Ben Gree'fs company. Credulous, Justice, Father of Lau- retta in Sheridan's ' St. Patrick's Day ' (q.v.). (2) Sir Ralph and Laura Credulous are characters in G. Wood's ' Irish Doctor ' (q.v.). Creed Play (The), bequeathed in 1446 to the Corpus Christi Guild at York, " seems to have been no novelty at this date" (A. W. Ward). ' ' It was regularly performed about Lammastide, once in every tenth year, between 14S3 and 1535. It was finally suppressed about a generation later. It was a composition of considerable length." Creg"an, Hardress, and Mrs., figure not only in Boucicallt's ' Colleen Bawn ' (q.v.), but also in the various burlesques of that play. See Eily O'Connor. Cremation. A farce by R. Height, St. James's Hall, Liverpool, July 14, 1879. Cremorne. A farcical comedy in three acts, by T. A. Pal>ler (q.v.), performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on November 27, 1S76, with W. H. Vernon as Roderick Wildi-sh, J. G. Taylor as Bob Joskin, Miss Lottie Venne as Mary Anne Stubbs, and other roles by H. Cox, H. J. Turner, and Miss Sallie Turner. Cremorne, Adolphus de, in T. J. Williams's ' Race for a Widow ' (q.v.). Creole (The); or. Love's Fetters. A drama in three acts, by Shirley Brooks. (^. I-.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre. London, on April 8, 1847, with Emery as Antony Latour (the Creole), Leigh Murray as Alphonse de Xyon, Miss May as Louise Fauriel, F. Matthews as Darni'ron, Keelev as Bokes, ;Miss M. Keeley as Virgini'e Darniron, and Mrs. Keeley as Bellona St. Mars ["an excellent melodrama," ■mites Edmund Yates ; " the hero finely played by Emery "] ; revived at the Marylebone Theatre in December, 1856, with S. Emery in his original part ; at the St. James's Theatre London, in June, 1876, with Mrs. John Wood as the Vivandiere, ^Miss EmUy Cros; in the title part, and other roles' hj H. Forrester, E. Leathes, F. :Mervin, and W, H. Stephens. (2) ' The Creole : ' a comic opera in one act and five tableaux, music by Offenbach, libretto by R. Reece anci H. B. Farnie (from the French of Millaud) first performed at Brighton on Septembei 3, 1877; produced at the Folly Theatre London, on September 15 in that year, witl Miss K. Munroe in the title part (Zoe., Mis.- N. Bromley as Rene, Miss Violet Cameroi: a.s Antoinette, J. HowsonasPa^afraj?, Dudle; Thomas as Frontignac, etc. ; revived (in tht= original three acts) at the Avenue Theatrt on the afternoon of May 10, 1886, under thi title of ' The Commodore,' with Lione Brough in the title part. Miss V. Cameroi as pLiim, Miss M. Shirley as Antoinette McUle. Cornclie D'Anka as Zoe, and othe parts by E. J. Lonnen and S. WilkinsoE The original was brought out at th Bouffes Parisiennes, with Judic as Zc; and Daub ray as the Commodore. Creon, King of Corinth in Heron': ' Medea' (q.v.), reappears in R. B. Brough'^ ' Medea' burlesque (q.v.). Cressida, in ' Troilus and Cressida,' : " a giddy girl, an unpractised jilt, wh falls in love with Troilus, as she afterwarc deserts him, from mere levity and though lessness of temper" (Hazlitt). She figure in R. Brough's ' Siege of Troy' (q.v.). Cresswell, Helen. Actress ; was tt original Alice Wenlock in ' Youth ' at Drui Lane in ISSl. She has appeared at varioi London theatres as Celia in ' As You Lil It' (ISSO), in "old English comedy" part; as the Princess in ' Adrienne Lecouvreui as Louise in ' Frou-Frou,' as Cynisca ■ ' Pygmalion and Galatea,' and so forth. 1 the provinces she has played Portia, Co delia, and other Shakespearean parts; An, Robsart, Mercy Merrick in 'The New Ma; dalen,' Mrs. Macdonald in ' Impulse,' if/j Ralston in ' Jim the Penman,' etc. ' Creswick, "William. Actor, bo- December, 1813, died June, 1SS8 ; made b' first professional appeai-ance in 1831, at theatre in Commercial Road, London. 1- afterwards gained experience in Suffolk ai on the Kentish and York circuits, returmi CRESWICK CRICKET ON THE HEARTH London in February, 1S35, when he iired at the Queen's Theatre as Horace redith in '.Schoolfellows' (q.v.). Working ce more on the York circuit, he became 3 tirst representative in the provinces of 3 role of Ion (q.v.). In 1839 he had a ort engagement at the Lyceum, London, is was followed by a visit to America and nada, where he remained for nearly four irs. After this came the performance of sading business " at Newcastle, Liverpool, xi Birmingham, which led in 1846 to his .'oearauce at Sadler's Wells under the :r,nagement of Phelps. His first part there '3 that of Hotsjmr in 'Henry IV. ;' his • ond that of Master Walter in ' The jnchback.' Then came Cassius, Matthew .Imer in 'Love's Sacrifice,' Borneo, Pierre i' Venice Preserved,' Pj/i/iias in 'Damon i I Pythias,' and Ion. In 1847 he appeared J the Princess's, London, in support first (Fanny Kerable and afterwards of Mac- idy. He next joined the company at t Haymarket, playing Claude Melnotte al Trueworth (in ' The Love Chase '), and a) representing Vivian Temple in the first jformance of Westland Marston's ' Heart c:he World ' iq.v.). At the same theatre, t ards the end of 1848, he enacteil Mar- itnt in a revival of 'The Patrician's lighter' iq.v.), and Proteus in a revival oThe Two Gentlemen of Verona' {q.v.); jjMarch, 1849, he was seen there as ■Cm. In September, 1849, began the first ■©I lis two managerial enterprises at the Siiey Theatre, in each of which he was a,'Ciated with R. Shepherd (,q.v.), anil d'ng which, to quote Westland Marston, h" became, to transpontine London, an aiitle of Shakspere, as Phelps was to nh London" ('Our Recent Actors'). Bveen September, 1849, and September, \2, when he retired from direction of the S- ey, Creswick was the original performer ol he following (and other) parts -.—La Rie in Chorley's ' Old Love and New Fune' (1850, the hero in a version of 'Ind Copperfield' (1850), the hero in Phil- Ii]!3 'Dred' (1856), the hero in Phillips's Hmweir (1859), and Adam Bede in a veonof George Eliot's novel (1862). He Wi also seen as Alasco in 'The Rose of A:gon' (1849), Virginius in Knowles's pl (1S49), Beverley in 'The Stranger' (10, Richelieu in Bulwer's play (1849), HUet (1849), Damon in 'Damon and Pyias' (1860), etc. After leaving the Suiy, Creswick "starred " for a time both in Dndon and in the provinces. At the T*a ion in 1S64 he played Jaques in ' As Y( Like It;' at Drury Lane in the same ye; he appeared as Othdlo, lago, Macbeth, an ''achimo. He played Joseph Surface at Dry Lane for the benefit of the Surrey <;oiany in 1865. In September, 1866, he fejied Shepherd as lessee and manager <»f ; Surrey, opening with Slous' ' True to tnOore,' in which he was the original '■epsentative of Martin Truegold. Among <»tl new parts played there by him may lie imed Joe in Watts Phillips's ' No- bo(s Child,' and Richard Marvis in the ' same author's ' Land Rats and Water Rats ' (1868). In 1871 he revisited America, where he figured in association wjth Charlotte Cushman and Edwin Booth. On his return he was seen in 1873 as King John at the Queen's ; in 1874 as Richard Varney in Halliday's 'Amy Robsart' (,q.v.), and in 1875 as Cromwell in Wills's ' Buckingham ' (q.v.). To 1877-80 belong his performances as a " star " in various parts of Australia. In October, 1880, he was acting at the Standard, London. His last appearance on the stage was made at Drury Lane on October 29, 1885, when he figured in a scene from ' King Lear.' See the ' Era ' for June, 1888 ; Pascoe's ' Dramatic List ' (ISSO) ; E. L. Blanchard's ' Diary ' (1891), etc. Cretin (Le) de la Montag-ne. See Idiot of the Mountain. Creusa, Q,ueen of Athens. A tragedy by William Whitehead {q.v.), founded on the ' Ion ' of Euripides, and first performed at Drury Lane on April 20, 1754, with Mrs. Pritchard in the title part, Miss Macklin as /^yssus, Garrick as Aletes, Berry as Xuthus, Mossop as Phorbas (an old Athenian), etc. Horace Walpole wrote of the play : " It is the only new tragedy that I ever saw and really liked. The circumstance of so much distress being brought on by characters, every one good, yet acting consistently with their principles towards the misfortunes of the drama, is quite new and pleasing." "This is not absolutely a bad play," says Genest, "but it is wretchedly inferior to the Greek tragedy." Creusa figures also in Heron's 'Medea' {q.v.), and in R. B. Brough'S burlesque so named {q.v.). Cribbem. A character in M. and B. Barnett's ' Out on the Loose' {q.v.). Crichton. An extravaganza by R. H. Edgar {q.v.), first performed at the Charing Cross Theatre, London, August 30, 1871, with Miss H. Coveney in the title part, Miss Ritta as Esclairmonde, F. Glover as Catherine de Medicis, etc. See ADMIRABLE Crichton and Dragon Knight. Cricket Match (The). A farce by Alfred Leslie, Theatre Royal, Norwich, May 12, 1870. Cricket on our own Hearth (The). See Cricket on the Hearth. Cricket on the Hearth (The). A tale by Charles Dickens, which has sup- plied the materials and the name for the following dramatic pieces :— (1) A drama in three acts, adapted (by permission) by Albert Smith {q.v.), and first produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on December 20, 1845, with S. Emery as Peerybingle, Keeley as Caleb, Miss L. Howard as May, Miss M. Keeley as Bertha, Miss Turner as Tilly, and Mrs. Keeley as Dot. (2) A play in two ' ' chirps," adapted by Edward Stirling {q.v.), and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on December 31, 1S45, with "O." Smith as John Peerybingle, 2a CRIME 354 CRIPPLE OF FEXCHURCH Cullenford as TacJcIeton, Lambert as Caleb, Selby as the Stranger, T. F. Mathews as Dot's father, ZMrs. Fitzwilliam as Dot, Miss Woolgar as Bertha, Miss Tavlor as May Fielding, E. Wright as Tilly Sloichoy, Miss E. Chaplin as Spirit of the Cricket. (3) A play tirst performed at the Princess's on January 1, 1846, with Mrs. Stirling as Dot, Miss Marshall as Bertha, Compton as Caleb, Ryder as Pecrybinnle, Miss Somers as Tilly, and other parts by Leigh Murray and Mrs. Fosbrooke. (4) A play in three'" chirps," adapted by W. T. Townsend ('Z-r.), and tirst represented at the City of Loudon Theatre, January 5, 1846, with Mrs. Honner as Dot and R. Honner as Caleb. (5) A play by Benjamin Webster {q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket on January 6, 1846, with Webster as Johii Peerybingle, AV. Farren as Caleb, J. B. Buckstone as Tilly Slou-boy, Tilbury as Tackleton, Mrs. Seymour as Bertha, Miss Fortescue as Dot, Miss Julia Bennett as May, Mrs. Chfford as Mrs. Fielding. (6) A play on the subject was produced at the Grecian Theatre on January 13, 1846, with Miss Mears as Dot. (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) Other dramatizations of the story were pro- duced in January, 1S46, at the Victoria (Mith Miss Vincent as Dot), I^Iarylebone, Standard, Pavilion, and Albert and Bower Saloons. (13) A burlesque on the above adaptations, by E. L. Blanchard, was produced on January 15, 1846, at the Olympic Theatre, under the title of ' The Cricket on our own Hearth.' Miss Kate Howard played Dot and Romer was Tackleton, but the travesty, Blanchard admitted, was a "failure." (l4) 'Dot' (q-v.), by Dion Boucicault (1862). (15) A dramatic version of the story in three acts, by J. Jefferson, was produced at the Union Square Theatre, New York, in October, 18S3, with Jefferson as Caleb, F. Robinson as John Peerybingle, and Miss Cornelia Jackson as Tilly Sloicboy.—'^liss Minnie Palmer played Dot in New York in 1877-8. Crime ; or. The Black Heart. A drama by L. G. Kean, Victoria Theatre, London, August 6, 1877. (2) 'Crime and its Atonement:' a drama by Don E. Co- lon a. Amphitheatre, Leeds, November 15, 1875. (3) ' Crime and Christening :' a farce bv "Richard Henry," Opera Comique Theatre, London, on March 10, 1891. (4) ' Crime and Justice : ' a drama by Burford Delannoy and Xorman Harvey, Sadler's Wells, December 15, 1S92 (tirst time in Lon- don). (5) ' Crime and Virtue : ' a drama by Butler Stanhope, Adelphi Theatre, Liver- pool, June 30, 1J579. (6) ' Crime from Ambi- tion : ' a play translated from the German of Iffland, and printed in 1800. Crimeless Criminal (A). A farce by Martin Belher, first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, April -20, 1874, with W. Terriss and Miss Fanny Hughes in the cast. Crimes of Paris (The). A melodrama in six acts, by Paul Meritt (q.v.) and George Conquest {q.v.), first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, October 1SS3. Criminal (The). A drama in five ac Royal Clarence Theatre, Dover, Decern • 15, 1SS4. — ' Criminals ; or, Fashion e . Famine : ' a drama in five acts, bv J, Clinch, Great Grimsby, June 29, 1885. Criminal Couple (A). A farce by. Herbert, Princess's Theatre, London, Ji • 29, 1871. Crimp. Maid to Laura in Doug; Jerrolds ' Paul Pry' (q.v.). Crimson Cross (The). A drama r Clement Scott (g.v.) and E. Maxl", tirst performed at the Adelphi Thea , London, on February 27, 1879, Avith i^ Neilson as Queen Isabella, Miss Clara Je j as Gontran, Miss Compton as Jacqnel C. P. Flockton as Charles VI., H. NeviU-i Perimt, Hermann Vezin as D'Aruiogi', Forbes Robertson as De Boi-iredon. Crimson Mask (The). A roma c drama in three acts, by Foster Courtei^-, suggested by Captain' Marryat's novel ' e Poacher,' and first performed at the Oji House, Northampton, July 25, 1892. Crimson Rock (The). A dramas three acts, bv Julian Cross, Pavii Theatre, London, May 31, 1879. I Crimson Scarf (The). A comic op;'^ i words by H. B. Farnie {q.v.), music by«'>. Legouix, first performed at the Alhan a Theatre, London, April 24, 1871, with a it including E. J. Odell, iliss St. Ange, revived at the Haymarket Theatre, No^ ber, 1873. Cring-e, Sir Lively and LaJ Characters in Burnaby's 'Modish band' (g. I'.). Cring-le, Tom. Bo'sun of 'The :ij| Ruflfin,' in Bayle Bernard's 'Mlj Ashore ' {q.v.). See, also, Tom Cringl Crinoline. A farce in one act, bi B. Brough {q.v.), first performed at Olympic Theatre, London, on Decembt.8,' 1856, with F. Robson and Miss Maskeas Mr. and Mrs. Coobiddy, G. Vining, H. Coi-T, H. Danvers, Miss Marston (and, later, Iss Bromley) as Bella, Miss Stephens, ai J. Rogers as Sancy Bitters. See PeriiJF Crinoline. Cripple, Sir Christopher, inFo i's 'Maid of Bath' {q.v.). Cripple of Fenchurch (The), in ;t- WOOD'S ' Fair Maid of the Exchange' ('■), is, says Charles Lamb, "an excellent few,,- 1 ^ and the hero of the comedy. He is desc lediil^'"^ (albeit a tradesman, yet wealthy w al)ffli. with heroic qualities of mind and bod\-Ii8 latter of which he evinces by rescuir bi* mistress (the Fair Maid) from" three ro.ers by the main force of one crutch 1 ily applied ; and the former by his fore ipg the advantages which this action gav. am in her good opinion, and bestowing h.wit and finesse in procuring for her a hus'no* 1 CRISE CROKER 1 the person of his friend Golding, more , worthy of her beauty than he could conceive fis own maimed and halting limbs to be." Crise(La). See Lady Browne's Diary. Crisis (The) ; or. Love and Pear. . comic opera by Thomas Holcroft {q.v.), Tst performed at Drury Lane in May, 1778. [}) 'The Crisis:' a comedy in four acts, iapted by James Albery {q.v.) from ' Les ourchambault ' of Emile Augier {q.v.\ and "st performed at the Haymarket Theatre, )ndon, on December 2, 1878, with H. Howe i Mr. Denham, Mrs. John Wood as Mrs. enham, W. Terriss as Fawley Denham, iss Lucy Buckstone as Blanche Denham, 1, Fisher, jun., as Lord Williatn Whitehead, I Kelly as John Goring, Miss Louise Moodie \ Mrs. Goring, and Miss Eastlake as Haidee \imside ; revived at the Court Theatre in jsbruary, 1885, as ' The Denhams,' with J. ayton as Goring and Mrs. Wood as before. (Crisp, Samuel. Author of 'Virginia* u), a tragedy printed in 1754. -, brispin. Servant to young Gerald, in 5 (vVENSCROFT's ' Anatomist ' {q.v.). prispin and Crispianus. An old , ky, often performed by the Guilds of Shoe- Ikers. |3rispinus, Ruf. Lab., in Jonson's *"otaster' iq.v.), is intended for John iton (q.v.). rispus. Son of the emperor in N. E's 'Constantine the Great' iq.v.). iJritic (The); or, A Tragedy Re- larsed. A "dramatic piece" in two 'f, by Richard Brinsley Sheridan ft'.), first performed at Drury Lane on ^ober 29, 1779, with Parsons as Sir Fretful Miary, King as Puff, Dodd as Bangle, Imer as Sneer, Mrs. Hopkins as Sirs, hgle, and (in the "tragedy") Moody as M Burleigh, Wrighten as the Governor of Imry Fort, Farren as Earl of Leicester, Iiton as Sir Walter Raleigh, Waldron as B, Christopher Uatton, Kenny as Master qjangle, Cooper as Sneer, Mrs. Brougham af'frs. Dangle, and (in the " tragedy ")F. Althews as the Governor, J. Bland as Lester, Meadows as Raleigh, Brendal as ^"'On, Granby as Master of Horse, W. H. J'ue as the Beefeater, Harley as Whisker- «»'S, Mrs. Orger as Tilburina, and Mrs. C. Jtisasthe Confidant; at the Haymarket Attre m 1843, with C. J. Mathews as Puff; atie Lyceum Theatre in 1848, with Mrs. if:s as Tilburina ; at the Princess's, Octo- Dei855 with F. Matthews as Sir Fretful, " er Lacy as Puff; Mrs. Winstanley as ■''"■ma, and Harley, Meadows, H. J. Turner, etc., in other parts; at the Hay- market in November, 1858, and October, 1866 ; at the Gaiety in October, 1872, June, 1874, February, 1877, December, 1882, and August, 1883 ; revived at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, October, 1874, condensed by Augustin Daly into one act, with Miss F. Davenport as Tilburina, J. Lewis as Puff, W. Davidge as Whiskerandos [the same version was given at Daly's Theatre, New York, on December, 1888, with Miss A. Rehan as Tilburina]. The second act of ' The Critic ' has of late years been fre- quently performed at "benefits" with spe- cially strong casts. See Rehearsing a Tragedy. Critic upon Critic. A " dramatic medley," printed in 1788. This is a " satirical piece" in which Sheridan, Tickle, Mrs. Cowley, Mrs. Hannah More, and others, are introduced with fictitious names. In an edition of 1792 the piece is ascribed to Leonard McNally (q.v.). Croaker, in Goldsmith's ' Good-natured Man' (q.v.), is guardian to the heroine, and " a poor, fretful soul." His son, Leontine,. is in love with Olivia Woodville. (2) Mrs. Croaker is a character in Brough and Hal- LiDAY's ' Area Belle ' (q.v.). Crochets du Pere Martin (Les). A play by Cermon and Grange (Gymnase, Paris, August, 1888), adapted to the English stage as ' The Porter's Knot ' (q.v.). Crock of Grold (The). A melodrama in two acts, based by Edward Fitzball, on the story by Martin F. Tapper, and first performed at the City of London Theatre, May, 1848, with a cast including R. Honner, E. F. Savile, Mrs. R. Barnett, and Mrs. R. Honner. Crockery, in * Exit by Mistake ' (q.v.), is a foolish fat servant. Crockett, Davy. See Davy Crockett.. Crocodile, Lady Kitty. See Capu- chin, The. Crocodile (The); or, Accused of Murder. A domestic drama by William Lowe, Theatre Royal, Cardiff, March 4, 1882. Croesus. A tragedy by William Alexander, Earl of Stirling, first printed in 1604. " The plot is borrowed from Hero- dotus, Justin, and Plutarch, with an episode in the fifth act from Xenophon's ' Cyro- paideia ' " (' Biographia Dramatica '). Crofton, Cecil. Actor and playwright ; has written, with F. Hird, ' Eric's Good Angel ' (1894), and, with H. Brooke, • Mr. Dick's Heir.' Croker, John Wilson. Politician and miscellaneous writer, born 1780, died 1857 ; author of ' Familiar Epistles on the State of the Irish Stage ' (1804). Croker, Thomas Crofton, born 1798, died 1854 ; wrote for the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1826 a Christmas piece on the subject of Daniel O'Rourke. He also edited CROLY S56 CROSS Massinger's 'Believe as you List' fur the Percy Society in 1S4S. Croly, Georg-e. Clergyman, poet, and miscellaneous writer, born 1780, died 1S60 ; author of ' Catiline,' a tragedy printed in 1822. See memoir prefixed to his ' Book of Job' (1863) and R. Herring's 'Personal Reminiscences ' (1861). Cromwell, Oliver, is the central figure in the following dramatic pieces (printed or acted) :— (1) ' Crafty Cromwell ; or, Oliver ordering our new State : ' a "tragi- comedy " in five short acts, printed in 1G4S. (2) 'Cromwell's Conspiracy:' a tragi-co- medy, "beginning at the death of King Charles I., and ending with the happv restoration of King Charles II.," written Ijy " a person of quality," and printed in 1660. (3) 'Cromwell:' a tragedy by F. Phil- lips, founded on Victor Hugo's play so named (1827), and first performed at" the Surrey Theatre, London, in February, 1859. (4) A drama in five acts, by Alfred Bate Richards (q.v.), first performed at the Queen's Theatre, London, on December 21, 1872, with George Rignold in the title part, J. Ryder as Ireton, INIiss Wallace as Elizabeth Cromwell, and other parts by W. Belford, G. F. Neville, Cathcart, etc. (5) ' Crumwell : ' a play in four acts, by Sir Charles Young. — Oliver Cromwell is one of the personce in Ha YARD'S 'Charles I.' (q.v.j, in Wills's 'Charles I.' iq.v.), in Wills's 'Bucking- ham ' {q.v.), in Sims and Buchanan's ' White Rose ' (q.v.), in R. DodSON'S 'Two Hundred Years Ago' (q.v.), and in Paterson's 'Colonel Cromwell' (1900). See Days of Cromwell. Cromwell, Thomas, Lord, The Liife and Death of. A play registered in 1602, and reprinted in 1613 as the work of one " W. S.," whom Schlegel accepts as AVilliam Shakespeare, while Professor A. W. Ward suggests that more probably he was Wentworth Smith (q.v.). Farmer as- cribed the piece to Heywood. " As a series of biographical scenes— which are connected by means of a chorus— it may have produced a considerable effect. For materials the author seems, besides Foxe's ' Book of Martyrs,' to have used a novel of Bandello's " (Ward). Croodle, Baron, in Pinero's ' Money Spinner' (q.v.). Crook, John. Musical composer and orchestral director ; has written the music for the following dramatic pieces :— ' Sage and Onions ' (1880), ' The King's Dragoon^ ' :(1880), ' Quits ' (1SS8). ' Little Bopeep ' (1892-3), ' Helen of TrovUp to Date' (1893), • The Lady Slavev ' (1S93), ' The New Bar- maid ' (1895), ' The TransfeiTed Ghost' (1896), "Black and White' (1898), 'Oh, What a Night ! ' (1898), ' Breaking it Off ' (1898). He has also contributed musical numbers to ' Claude Duval ' (1894), ' King Kodak ' (1894), ' On the March ' (1896), ' One of the Girls ' (1896). Crooked Mile (A). A play in three acts, by Clara Lemore (q.v.), first pe- formed at the Comedy Theatre, Mancheste January 23, 1885. Crookpath, Christopher, in De Wai den's ' Upper Ten and Lower Twenty' (g.u. Croote, Mother. A rich old woman i LuPTON's ' All for Money ' (q.v.). Crop. (1) A farmer in Hoare's 'K Song, no Supper.' (2) A barber in G. Abbqi i. Beckett's ' Figaro in London ' (q.v.). Cropland, Sir Charles. A dissolu country gentleman and man of fashion COLMAN's 'Poor Gentleman ' (q.v.). Cropley. A farmer in Kenney's 'T1 Touchstone ' (q.v.). Croquet. (1) A comedietta in three act by Pierre Le Clerq, Assembly Rooir; Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, Novei; ber 19, 1868. (2) A comedy bv S. Shento Theatre Royal, Cheltenham, June 20, 1877 Cross, Emily. Actress and vocalis made her professional d6but at Newcastl her first part being Lucy Bertram in 'G Mannering.' Her first appearance in Lq. don was at Drury Lane in March, 1867, Diana Vernon in ' Rob Roy.' She was t original representative (in London) of Ri m 'The Pirates of Penzance' (ISSO), t Duche.s.i of Breeks in ' An Adamless Ede (1882), Mrs. Ranldinrj in 'The Scho mistress ' (1836), etc. Her American del took place at Abbey's Theatre, New Yc in January, 1S95, as Mdme. Dannenherq' 'The Red Lamp.' '' Cross, James C. Actor and pL WTight ; began his career in the lat capacity by writing 'The Divertissemei (1790), a framework for the introduction songs by Dibdin. Among his other drama products (of which the ' Biographia D matica ' names over fortv) were ' Humo of Brighton ' (1792). ' British Fortitude a Hibernian Friendship ' (1794), 'The Way get Unmarried' (1790), 'In Love, In De, and In Liquor ' (1797), ' Joan of Arc' (17!, ' Sir Francis Drake and the Iron Arm ' 1 18' , ' King Cffisar ' (1801), ' Rinaldo Rinaldi/ (1801), 'Gonsalvo de Cordova' (1802), ' Jf* Bull and Buonaparte ' (1803), * Number N-' (1803), and 'Black Beard' (1809). Or., after acting at Covent Garden and the B- market, became, by mai riage, part-proprif r of the Royal Circus, now the Surrey Thea!, for which he wrote many of his pieces. Cross, Julian. Actor and playwrij , born 1861 ; made his London debut in e former capacity at the Cabinet Theatni 1S6S. In 1870 he was with Mrs. John W 1 at the Court Theatre ; in 1872, with Augu; s Daly at the Grand Opera House. New Y(r- He was in the original casts of ' Mothei i- Law' (Liverpool, 1881), 'The Crimes.-f Paris • (Surrey, 1883), ' A Trip to the Mc ^ (Havmarket theatre, 1883), ' A Dark Sec (Surrey Theatre. 1886), 'The Noble V;'.- bond ' (Princess's, 1886), ' Mr. Barnes -i New York' (Olympic, 1888), •She'(Gai'. i^ I CROSS 357 CROW 1886), ' In Danger ' (Vaudeville, 1887), 'Hands Across the Sea' (Princess's, 1888), ' A Sailor's Knot ' (Driirv Lane, 1891), ' Uncle John' (Vaudeville, 1893), 'Mrs. Othello' (Toole's, 1S93). He is the author of the following pieces :— ' Heinrich ' (1876), ' The Crimson Rock ' (1879), ' Current Coin ' (1879), 'Outcast Poor' (1884), 'Boiling Water' (1885), 'A Miser' (1887), 'The Penalty' (1890), ' Sweet Cupid's Net ' (1892). Cross, Mrs. Actress ; was the original representative of Altesidora in the third part of ' Don Quixote ' (1696), Miss Hoyd&ti in 'The Relapse' (1697), Mrs. Clerimont in 'The Tender Husband' (1705), Lady Sadlife in ' The Double Gallant ' (1707), Miranda in 'The Busybody' (1708), etc. Among her other rOles were Ophelia, Mrs. Ford, Me- lantha in ' Marriage-^-la-INIode,' Belinda in 'The Old Bachelor,' and Olivia in 'The Plain Dealer.' She seems to have retired in 1724. Cross and the Crescent (The). A irama by Daniel BANDMANN.Theatre Royal, Huddersfield, September 16, 1876. Cross for Valour (The). A military Irama in four acts, by John Douglass and Frank Bateman, Grand Theatre, Croydon, Tuly 5, 1897 ; Brixton Theatre, London, Ifuly 12, 1897. i Cross of Honour (The). See False 'iViTNESS. Cross of St. John's (The). A drama n three acts, by W. T. Lucas (q.v.). Cross Partners. A comedy "by a idy," tirst performed at the Haymarket 'heatre in August, 1792. "This seems to •e taken partly from a novel called ' The lentish INIaid' and partly from a French iece of Destouches " (' Biographia Dra- latica'). , Cross Purposes. A farce adapted ■y O'Brien from 'Les Trois Fr^res Rivaux' f Lafont, and tirst performed at Covent Irarden in December, 1772, with a cast in- -uding Shuter and Quick. (2) A comedietta lapted by M. Parselle iq.v.) from the rench, and first performed at the Strand heatre in March, 1865, with a cast includ- ig the author and Miss M. Palmer. Cross Roads of Life (The). A play ased on Sue's • Mysteres de Paris,' but witii le locale transferred to England and the laracters Anglicized ; performed at Sadler's 'ells Theatre, November 13, 1843, with a .st including H. Marston, C. J. Smith, Miss Rankley, etc. Plays with this title, per- rraed in U.S.A., are credited to Thompson id Collier, and to M. Leffingwell. — -he Cross Roads : ' a drama in three acts, • John Sargent ; Royal Clarence Theatre, )ver, July 13, 1885.—' Cross Roads : ' a one- t drama by J. J, Dilley iq.v.). Crossing- the Line ; or. Crowded ouses. A comic drama in two acts, George Almar, first performed at the irrey Theatre in December, 1832, with a cast including Dibdin Pitt, Yale, Miss Vincent, etc, Crosstree, Captain, figures in Doug- las Jerrold's 'Blackey'd Susan' (q.v.), in Biirnand's burlesque of that play (q.v.), in WiLLS's 'William and Susan' (q.v.), and also in ' Blue-eyed Susan ' (q.v.). Crotchet. (1) A character in ' The Box Lobby Challenge ' (q.v.). (2) Mr. and Mrs. Crotchet, in L. Buckingham's 'Don't Lend your Umbrella' (q.r.). (3) Pompey Brutus Crotchet, in Mrs. Phillips's ' Uncle Crot- chet' (q.v.). Crotchet Lodgre. A farce by Thomas HURLSTONE, performed at Covent Garden in February, 1795. Crotchets. A farce by Frederick Hay, Strand Theatre, London, June 10, 1876. Crouch, Anna Maria [nee Phillips]. Vocalist and actress, born 1763, died 1805 ; daughter of a solicitor and public reader ; was early trained for the profession, and in 1799 articled to Thomas Linley, of Drury Lane, where she made her debut in Novem- ber, 1780, as Mandane in Arne's ' Arta- xerxes ' (q.v.). In the following year .«he was seen as the heroine of ' Lionel and Clarissa ' (q.v.) ; later, after engagements in Ireland, she appeared in London as Emily in ' The Double Disguise '(ry.r.). In 17S5 she married a naval lieutenant named Crouch, from whom she separated in 1791. From that point onwards she was closely associated with Michael Kelly, the composer and vocalist (q-v.). She made several appear- ances in drama— notably as Ophelia, Olivia (' Twelfth Night'), and Celia (' As You Like It'). She retired from the stage in 1801, and thereafter devoted herself to teaching, among her pupils being Mrs. Liston and INIrs. Charles Mathews. "Mrs. Crouch," writes William Robson, " -was one of those lovely women of.whom lovers and poets often rave and MTite, but .such as people in sober earnest seldom see ; and the quality of which we have here to treat was very nearly equal to her personal charms - she was really a delightful singer " (' The Old Playgoer '). See Young's ' Memoirs of Mrs. Crouch ' (1806), Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1826), Kelly's ' Reminiscences,' T. J. Di'b- din's ' Reminiscences,' ' The Thespian Dic- tionary.' Cro"W, Jim, was an old and deformed slave employed by the proprietor of a livery stable at Cincinnati, whose name he had (as was the custom) adopted. This negro was wont to indulge in a quaint song and dance, each verse of the former ending with— •' Wheel about, turn about. Do jis so ; An' ebery time I wheel about, I jump Jim Crow." T. D. Rice, the actor (q.v.), heard the ditty sung, and made it the basis of the song and dance afterwards so famous on both sides of the Atlantic. See the New York Times, I CROWDERO 358 CRUEL LAW June 5, 1881. Other versions of the origin of ' Jim Crow ' are given by F. C. Wemyss in his Autohiography (1S4S) and R. P. Nevin in 'The Atlantic Monthly ' (November, 1867). "'Sol 'Smith says that the character was first seen in a piece by Solon Robinson called ' The Rifle ' " (L. Hutton, ' Curiosities of the American Stage '). Crowdero. A servant of Cantato in 'Bayes' Opera' (q.v.). Crowe, Sidney. Actress ; made her professional d^but, as a child, at Birming- ham in 1876, when she played little Leah to the Leah of her mother (Miss Kate Bate- man). In 1887 she joined the Edward Compton Comedy Company, with which, since 1894, she has played Kate Hardcastle, Lad)/ Teazle, Lydia Languish, Clara Dov.glas in ' Money,' etc. She was the original re- presentative of Lady Lidcombe in E. Pem- berton's ' Edmund Kean ' (g.v.). Crowing- Hen (The). An adaptation of Audran's ' Le Serment d' Amour,' per- formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in May, 1886, with Signor Perugini, Madame Cottrelly, and others in the cast. See Bridal Trap. Crovm. Diamonds (The). An opera by Aubev (q.v.), first performed -with an English libretto at the Princess's Theatre, London, on May 2, 1844, with Mdme. Anna Thillon as Catarina and Paul Bedford as Fiebodello ; played in September, 1857, at the Lyceum Theatre. It has been burlesqued by Robert Reece in the piece called ' The Half-Crown Diamonds' (q.v.). Crown for Love (A). An historical play in five acts, by Miss J. Evelyn, pro- duced at the Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, June 17, 1874 ; Gaiety Theatre, London, October 16, 1875. Crown of Thorns (A). A drama in four acts, by Gilbert Elliott, Eden The- atre, Brighton, September 7, 1896 ; Olympic Theatre, London, October 10, 1896. Crown Prince (The); or, The Buckle of Brilliants. A drama in two acts, by T. E. Wilks (q.v.), first performed at Sadler's Wells on July 16, 1838, with R. Honner in the title part, and other parts by J. Webster, D. Pitt, Miss E. Honner, and Mrs. J. F. Saville. Crowne, John. Dramatist ; died (?) 1703 ; was the author of the following dra- matic pieces, printed in the years named :— ' Juliana ' (1671), ' Charles VIII. of France' (1672), ' The Country Wit ' (1675), ' Andro- mache (1675), 'Calisto (1675), 'City Poli- tiques ' (1675), * The Destruction of Jerusa- lem' (1677), 'The Ambitious Statesman' (1679), 'The Misery of Civil War' (16S0), •Henry VL,' Part L (1681), 'Thvestes' (1681), ' Sir Courtly Nice ' (1685), ' Darius ' (1688), • The English Friar ' (1690), ' Regulus ' (1694), 'The Married Beau' (1694), 'Cali- gula ' (1693), and ' Justice Busy ' (q.v.). There is uncertainty about both Crowne's parent- age and birthplace, but he seems to have been educated in Nova Scotia, and to hav( begun life in England as " gentleman usher" to a rich old lady. Becoming play Wright, he enjoyed the patronage of tli Earl of Rochester, and afterwards o Charles II. The exact date of his death i not known. An edition of his works ap peared in 1873. See Langbaine's ' Dramatic. Poets,' the 'Biographia Dramatica,' Genest' ' English Stage,' etc. Professor Ward say of Crowne : " His dramatic efforts were e? tremely varied in style and species. As writer of tragedy he holds a conspicuou place among the followers of several styles for he can hardly be said to have a style c his own. Often happy in the choice an ingenious in the construction of his plots, t possesses a certain power of coarse bi not ineffective characterization. But I. entirely lacks not only refinement, bi elevation of sentiment " (' English Dramat Literature '). Crucifixion (The). See Cheste, Plays, Towneley Plays. Cruel Brother (The). A prose tragec by Sir William D'Avenant (q.v.), presents at Black Fryars, and printed in 1630. " TJ play is a commonplace story of crnel lus . . . The figure of Castruccio is a disgrac ful libel" (Ward). Cruel Carmen ; or, The Demente Drag-oon and the Terrible Tor ador. A burlesque by J. Wilto.n Jon of Bizet's opera. Princess's Theatre, Ma! Chester, JIarch 29, 1880. See Carmen. Cruel City (The) ; or, London I Nig-ht. A drama in four acts, by Ge trude Warden and Wilton Jones, Sun, Theatre, London, October 5, 1896. Cruel Debtor (The). An interlu- by William Wager, licensed in 1565 " Among the characters are Basileus, Fl tery, liigonr, and Simulation" (W. Hazlitt). Cruel Gift (The); or. The Roy Resentment. A tragedy by Mrs. Ce: livre (q.v.), acted at Drury Lane in Dece ber, 1717, with a cast including Boc Ryan, MUls, Quin, Mrs. Oldfield, and M Porter. " The design is founded on 1 story of Sigismunda and Guiscardo, wh is to be met with in Boccace's novel (' Biographia Dramatica '). Cruel Kindness (The). A play in t acts, by Mrs. Crowe (q.v.), first perforn/. at the Haymarket Theatre on June 6, li . with H. Howe as Duke of Urbino, Ba' Sullivan and W. Farren as his sons Gir) and Carlo, Miss Reynolds as Floreit (secretly married to Giulio), Mrs. L. Be - ingham as Viola (beloved by Carlo), A other parts by Mrs. Fitzwilliam, ^-s Chaplin, Rogers, and Buckstone. '' " cruel kindness " is that of Giulio wher ^ denies that he is wedded to Florentia, t s saving her from immediate harm. Cruel Law (A). A comedy-dramr n four acts, by Walter S. Craven, t CRUEL LONDON CUCKOLD'S HAVEN performed at thfi Theatre Royal, Stratford, London, December 16, 1895, with a cast including Miss Louise Moodie, Miss Essex Dane, Miss Marion Lind, and Henry Vibart. Cruel London. A play by Frank Harvey, first performed at the Theatre Royal, Oldham, March 22,1888; re-christened ' Wicked London,' and first performed in [London and San Francisco in February, 1890. Cruel to be Kind. A farce in one act, by T. J. Williams and A. Harris {q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on March 6, 1860, with A. Harris as Cremutius Broicn, F. Matthews as Cognovit Blackstone, and other parts by Misses Car- lotta and Rose Leclercq. Cruelties of the Spaniards in Peru ,;The): "expressed by instrumental and yocal music, and by art of perspective in 'scenes," by Sir William D'Avenant ; pro- iuced at the Cockpit, Drury Lane, "ap- :3arently towards the close of 16r)8," in which jrear it was publi.shed. "This exhibition lyas contrived in order to evade the prosecu- )iions against acting and actors." Cruelty of a Stepnaother (The). A )lay performed at (Jourt by the Lord Cham- )erlain's servants in December, 1578. Cruise to China (A). An adaptation )f 'Le Voyage en Chine,' first performed at he Garrick Theatre, Whiteciiapel, London, m June 5, IfcV'J, with a cast including Miss Adelaide Newton, Wilfrid Esmond, II. Beer- lohra Tree, etc. I Cruiser, Atalanta, in Boucicault's >How she Loves liim* (q.v.), is in love with Oick Heartley. (2) There is a Cai)tain 'miser, R.N., in Wooler's ' Did I dream :r(q.v.). Crummy, Mr. A character in J. M. lORTON's ' Betsy Baker' (q.v.). Crusade (The). An historical romance y Frederic Rkvnolds, first performed at event Garden in May, 1790. Crusader and the Craven (The). , " mediaeval " opera in one act, words by ■^ Allison, music by Percy Reeve, first arformed at the Globe Theatre, London, 1 October 7, 1890. Crusaders (The). (1) An opera, music ' Sir JuUus Benedict, libretto by Alfred ROWN and St. Georges, produced at rury Lane about 1846. (2) A drama, chiefly blank verse, by J. Ebsworth, first per- rmed at the Marylebone Theatre in No- mber, 1849. (3) A "comedy of modern mdon life," in three acts, by Henry aiHUR Jones, first performed at the 'enue Theatre, London, on November 2, H, with Arthur Cecil as Lord Burnham, trke Stephens as Dick Busper (his son), wis Waller as Philos Ingarfield, H. imble as Mr. Burcje Jawle, Miss Wini- •d Emery as Cynthia Greenslade, Lady 'nekton as 3/r.s\ Campion- Blake, Miss ia Brandon as Una Dell, and other parts by Weeden Grossmith, Sant Matthews, A. Aynesworth, etc. Crushed Tragedian (The). See Prompter's Box. Crusoe, Robinson. See How I found Crusoe and Rorinson Crusoe. Crusoe the Cruiser. A burlesque opera in tAvo acts, words by J. "Wilton Jones, music by A. Christensen and M. Connolly, produced at the Parkhurst The- atre, London. Crusoe, The Female. See Hannah Hewitt. Crusoes, The Cruise of the. A comic operetta, libretto by E. Byam Wyke, music by Edward Williams, Queen's Theatre, Manchester, August 8, 18S1. Crust of Society (The). An adapta- tion by Louise I. Guiney of Dumas' ' Le Demi-Monde,' first performed at Proctor's Opera House, Hartford, Connecticut, De- cember 7, 1892. See Fringe op Society. Crutch and Toothpick. A " comedy of the day," by G. R. Sims (q.v.\ suggested by Labiche's ' Les Petits Mains,' and first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on April 14, 1879, with Kdgar Bruce as Guy Deeereux, Lytton Sotliern as Cecil Leiyhton, Charles Groves as Alderman Jones, W. S. Penley as Jellicoe, Mi.ss Rose Cullen as Dolly, and Miss Lottie Venne as Amy Jones [later in the first run Jellicoe was played by Fred Solomon and G. Honey, and Amy bv Miss Nellie Bromley] ; performed at the Gaiety in November, 1879. Cry To-day and Laug-h To-mor- row. A comic piece in two acts, words by E. P. Knight, music by T. Cooke, first performed at Drury Lane in November, 1816. C r yp t oconchoidsy phonostomata. A farce by Charles Coi.lette (q.v.), per- formed, with the author as Plantagenet Smith, at the Opera Comique, London,' No- vember, 1876. Crystal Palace. See London Theatres. Crystal Slipper (The); or, Prince Prettywitz and Little Cinderella. A musical piece, written by Alfred Thompson, composed by Harry B. Smith, and performed in U.S. A. 'in 1S88. Cuba. (1) A play by A. C. GuNTER(g'.i;.), performed in U.S.A. (2) A play byHARKiNS and Barbour, also performed in the United States.—' Cuba's Vows,' a play by J. J. McCloskey, and 'The Cuban Patriot/ a play by J. F. Milliken, have also been produced in America. Cuckold's Haven. A farce by Nahum Tate, acted at Dorset Garden, and printed in 1685. "The plot is borrowed partly from ' Eastward Hoe ' and partly from ' The Devil's an Ass' of Ben Jonson." — 'The Cuckold in Council : ' a com-edy by Sir John II CUCKOO CUMBERLAND 1 VANBRUGH((?.tJ.). freely translated fromMo- liere's ' Cocu Iinaginaire,' and acted at the Queen's Theatre in the iiaymarket in 1706. — * The Cuck-Queans and Cuckolds Errant :' a comedy bv William Percy (1601), re- printed in 1824. Cuckoo (The). (1) A comedietta in one act, by Walter Helmore {q.v.), first per- formed at the Criterion Theatre, London, October 5, 1887. (2) A farce in three acts, by Henry Guy Carleton {q.v.), first per- formed at Baltimore, U.S.A., on Septem- ber 12, 1S98. (3) A comedy in three acts, adapted by C. H. E. Brookfield from Meilhac's ''Decors?,' and first performed at the Avenue Theatre, London, on March 2, 1899, with a cast including C H. Hawtrey, A. Williams, C E. Stevens, .Miss Constance Collier {Lady Alexandra Park), Miss Fannie Ward, and Miss Vane Featherston ; pro- duced at Wallack's Theatre, New York, April 3, 1899. Cuckoo, Squire. A character in Carey's ' Contrivances' {q.v.). "Cuckoo-buds of yellow hue."— ' Love's Labour's Lost,' act v. sc. 2. "Cuckoo, cuckoo, — O word, of fear." See '" When daisies pied." Cudlip, Paul and Rose. Characters in Albery'S 'Forgiven' {q.v.). Cuisla-ma-Chree. A play by Diox BorciCAULT {q.v.), mainly adapted from ' Guy Mannering ' {q.v.), and first performed at Boston, U.S.A.. in February, ISSS, with the author as Andy Dolan, and Miss Ey tinge and Mrs. Barker in other parts. See Cl'SHLA- ma-Chree. Cullen, Rose [Mrs. Albert Tuck]. Actress, died December, 1S8S ; after some practice in the English provinces, made her London ddbut at the Lyceum on January 22, 1870, as the page in ' Chilperic' (g.r.). Among the characters of which she was afterwards the original representative were—Jenyiy Joyces in Eeece's 'Vampire' (Strand, 1S72), Jenny in Matthison and Wyndham's ' Tantalus ' (Folly, 187S), Dolly Dcvereux in Sims's ' Crutch and Toothpick' (Royaltv, 1879), and Honoria Trinkett in ' Themis ' (Royalty, 1850). Cully, Sir Nicholas. A character in i:THEREGE'S ' Comical Revenge ' {q.v.). Culprit (The). A farce in one act, by Thomas Haynes Bayly {q.v.), first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, on January IS, 1S3S, with a cast including Harley, Madame Sala. and Mrs. Stirling. — ' Culprits : ' a farcical play in three acts, by Arthur Law {q.v.), first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, August 29, 1890. Culture. A comedy in three acts, adapted from Pailleron's ' Le Monde oil Ton s'ennuie' (1831), by Sebastian Evans and Frank Evans, and first performed at Bournemouth on December 5, 1884 ; pro- duced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on the afternoon of May 5, 1885, with a cast including Frank Evans, F. M. Paget, Arthi Dillon. Miss M. Ayrtoun, Miss V. Noau and Miss Lenore. Cumberland, John, born 1787, die! 1S66, was the publisher of the series (! printed plays known as ' Cumberland' British and Minor Theatre.' See Danie' George. Cumberland, Richard. Dramat: and miscellaneous writer, born Februari 1732, died May, 1811 ; son of Dr. Denisc Cumberland, Bishop of Kilmore ; educate at Westminster and Cambridge ; and sn cessively private secretary to Lord Halifa: Crown agent for Novia 'Scotia, assistan. secretary (and afterwards secretary) to tt Board of Trade. The following pieces co! tributed by him to the stage are named i' the order in which they were published :-• ' The Banishment of Cicero ' (1761), ' Th Summer's Tale' (1765), 'Amelia' (176S ' The Brothers ' (1769), ' The West Indian (1771), ' The Fashionable Lover' (1772), 'Ti: Note of Hand' (1774), 'The Choleric Mai' (1775), 'The Battle of Hastings' (177; ' Calypso' (1779), 'The Widow of Delph (songs, 17S0), 'The Mvsterious Husbam. (17S3), ' The Carmehte ' (1784), ' The Naturi Son' (1785), 'The Impostors' (1789), 'Tl. Box-Lobbv Challenge' (1794), 'The Jev, (1794 \ 'the Wheel of Fortune' (179:' ' First Love ' (1795), ' Don Pedro ' (179f- ' The Days of Yore ' (1796), ' The Last of tl Family' (1797), 'False Impressions' (179: ' The Clouds ' (1797), 'Joanna of Montfauco- (1800), ' The Sailor's Daughter ' (ISO: ' Hints to Husbands' (1806), and 'The Je of Mogadore' (ISOS). Cumberland was tl. author, also, of the following pieces : ' The Pi-incess of Parma ' (1778), ' The Elc tion' (1778), 'The Walloons' (1782), 'Tl, Arab ' (1785), ' The Countrv Attorney ' (178'. 'The School for Widows' (1789), 'Tl. Armourer' (1793), 'The Dependant' (179. ' The Eccentric Lover ' (1795), ' A Word f Nature ' (179S), ' Lovers' Resolutions' (ISO: ' Victory and Death of Lord Nelson ' (180 ' The Robber ' (1809), ' The Widow's or Son ' (1810), ' Alcanor,' ' The False Den trius,' ' The Passive Husband,' ' The Sibj ' Tiberius in Caprepe,' ' Torrendal.' He v.. responsible, further, for adaptations , ' Timon of Athens ' (1771), ' The Bondma (1779), and ' The Duke of Milan' (1779). volume of dramatic works by him was pr limbed in 1S13. See the ' Memoir of Eicha^ Cumberland,Written by Himself, Containi an Account of his Life and Writings ' (180, and William Mudford's 'Life of Richa Cumberland, Esq. ' (1812). In his ' Retab tion ' Goldsmith wrote— " Here C'jmberland lies, having acted hi? parts. The Terence of England, the mender of hearts ; A flattering painter who made it his care To draw men as they ought to be, not as they are. His gallants are all faultless, his women divuie, And Comedy wonders at being so fine ; Like a tragedy queen he has dizened her out. Or, rather, like Tragedy giving a rout. His fools have their follies so lost in a crowd Of virtues and feelings, tliat Folly grows proud ; And coxcombs, alike in their failings alone, _ Adopting his portraits are proud of their own. CUMBERLAND CUPID AND PSYCHE "Mr. Cumberland," ^vrote Thomas Davies, "is unquestionably a man of very great abilities ; it is his misfortune to rate them gi-eatly above their value." " He wrote some good comedies," says Sir Egerton Brydges, "and was a miscellaneous -svriter of some popularity ; but in every department he was of a secondary class — in none had he origi- naHty." See Plagiary, Sir Fretful. Cumberland '61. A melodrama in four acts, by Franklin Fyles, Fourteenth Street Theatre, New York, October 18, 1897. Cuneg-onde. A country lass in ' Dago- hert'iq.v.). Cunning- Lovers (The). A comedy by Alexander BROME(ry.f.), actedat Drury Lane, circa 1639, and printed in 1654. Cunning- Man (The). A musical entertainment by Dr. JiURNEY, translated from Rousseau's ' Devin de Village,' acted at Drury Lane and printed in 1766. Cunning-ham, John. Actor and mis- cellaneous writer, born 1729, died 1773 ; author of a farce called. ' Love in the Mist ' (1747). Cunning-ham, liieut. -Col. Francis. See Marlowe and Massinger. Cunning-ham, Peter. Antiquary and miscellaneous writer ; author of ' The Story [of Nell Gwynn,' first published in 1852, and (reprinted in 1892 ; also, editor of the Works of Goldsmith. Cunopes. The jailer in D'Avenant's 'Rivals' (q.v.). Cup (The). A tragedy in two acts, by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on January \i, 1881, Avith H. Irving as Synurix, W. Terri.ss lis Sinnatus, Miss Ellen Terry as Ccnnina, ind Miss Pauncefort and F. Tyars in other parts. Cup and the Lip (The). A drama >ased on ' Le Testament de Cesar Girardot,' md performed in New York in October, 1861. vith a cast including C. Walcot, sen. and un., W. Davidge, sen., Mrs. C. Walcot, etc. Cup of Tea (A). A comedietta adapted rem ' Une Tasse de The,' and first per- ormed at the Princess's Theatre, London, 'ebruary 15, 1869, with Mddle. Beatrice as Auly Clara Seymour, "\V. Rignold as Sir 'harles Seyviour, and Dominick Murray as 'croggins ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre, lOiidon, March, 1883. Cupboard Love. (1) A farce by Frede- ICK Hay (q.v.), first performed at the audeville Theatre, London, on April 18, B70. (2) A farce in throe acts, by H. V. ■SMOND, first performed at the Court The- tre, London, December 3, 1898, with a cast K'luding Herbert Standing, Seymour Hicks, ion G. Boucicault, Miss May Whitty, Miss . Boucicault, Miss S. Carlisle, and Miss t. A. Victor. Cupid has given his name to several dramatic pieces : notably to (1) A masque by Thomas Middleton, printed in 1613. (2) A burlesque performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1833, with John Reeve in the cast. "The obesity of Mr. Reeve," says Westland Marston, "was the chief point of humour in his assumption of Cupid." (3) A burlesque by Joseph Graves, performed in 1837 at the Queen's and Strand Theatres, with Wild and Miss Malcolm at the former house, and Hammond and Miss Daly at the other, as the god of love and his beloved. In this piece Cupid figured as a gay deceiver who has promised marriage to Pysche, but refuses to fulfil the promise. Thereon Jupiter declares that Cupid shall be shot dead by Psyche ; but she shoots only with the god's own arrows, and so transfixes him with the love she yearns for. (4) A burlesque by H. P. Stephens and C. Harris, produced at the Royalty Theatre, London, on April 26, 1880, with Miss Amalia in the title part, F. Irving as Jupiter, C. Ashford as Medvn, D. Fisher, jun., as Strephon, Miss iNIarie "Williams as Mercury, Miss Agnes Hewitt as Venus, Miss Kate Lawler as Psyche, and Miss Alma Stanley as Philander. (5) A musical comedy by H. A. Duff, Theatre Royal, Southamp- ton, April 14, 1882.— Cui^iVZ fi'gures, further, in Marlowe's ' Dido, Queen of Carthage ' {q.v.\ in JoNSON's ' Cynthia's Revels ' {q.v.), in 'The Birthday' {q.v.), in O'Hara's ' Midas ' {q.v.), in Planche'S ' Orpheus in the Haymarket,' in R. Brough's 'Siege of Troy' {q.v.), in W. Brough's 'Pygmalion' {qr.), in Talfoi.rd's ' Atalanta' (^.r.). See following paragraphs and Eros. Cupid, Doctor. See Doctor Cupid. Cupid, St. See St. Cupid. Cupid and Co. A musical farce in three acts, written by Horace Lennard, and produced at the City Theatre, Sheffield, in August, 1894. Cupid and Death. A masque by James Shirley, printed in 1659, performed before the Portuguese Ambassador, with music by :Matthew Lock and Christopher Gibbons, on March 26, 1653. Cupid and Hymen. A masque by J. Hughes, printed about 1717. "Cupid andmyCampaspe played.'* First line of a song in Lyly's 'Alexander and Campaspe' {q.v.)— " .\t last he set her both his eyes ; She won, and Cupid blind did rise." Cupid and Psyche. (1) A masque by Thomas Heywood {q.v.) ; this seems to have been known also under the name of ' Cupid's Mi-stress.' (2) A " ballet enter- tainment," performed at Drury Lane in 1797. (3) A pantomime by Charles Selbt, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in December, 1857, with Miss Marie AVilton as Cupid and Harlequin, Miss Mary Keeley as Psyche and Columbine, Mrs. John Billington as Venus, Paul Bedford as CUPID FROM JEWRY 362 CURE FOR THE HEARTACHE Jupiter. (4) A burlesque by F. C. BUR- NAND iq.v.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, in December, 1S64. (5) A musical sketch by Mary Righton, Bijou Theatre, Bayswater, April, 1S95. See Bride OF Love. Cupid frora Je-wry. A comedy in three acts, by J. A. Mason, Kilburn, Lon- don, ]May 3, 1817. Cupid in Camp. A comic drama in two acts, adapted from tlie French of Scribe by G. C. Vernon {qv.), and first performed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on May 22, 1SS2, with a cast inchidina; W. Blakelev, H. H. Astley. Lytton Sotliern, Miss M. Rorke, and Miss'Rose Saker. See Flying Colours. Cupid in Ermine. A comedietta by Ellen Lancaster Wallis, Princess of "VVales's Theatre, Kennington, March 27, 1899. Cupid in "Waiting-. A comedy in two acts, by Blanchard Jerrold (r/.r.), first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on July 22, ISTl. "Cupid, pardon what is past." First line of the prayer to Cupid in BEAU- MONT and Fletcher's ' Cupid's Revenge'— '• We will be coy no more, And your deity adore." Cupid's Banishment. A masque by Robert White, " presented to Her Majesty by young gentlewomen of the Ladies' Hall in Deptford at Greenwich," May 4,1617. — ' Cupid, his Coronation : ' a masque per- formed "at the Spittle" in 1654. Cupid's Ladder. A two-act drama by Leicester Buckingham (g.r.), first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre. London, October 29, 1S59, with a cast including Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Nelly Moore, and Charles Young. Cupid's Messenger. A blank-verse play in one act, by Alfred C. Calmour iq.v.), first performed at the Novelty Theatre, London [under the title of 'Love's Mes- senger'], on the afternoon of July 22, 1884, •with Miss Kate Rorke as Mary Sidney, Miss !Maud ^lilton as Lady Constance Eoivard, Miss Lesley Bell as Liicette, and F. H. Macklin as Sir Philip Sidney ; revived at the Vaudeville Theatre, 1SS5, with Miss Kate Rorke as before, Miss Maud Millett as Lady Constance, and W. Everard as Sir Philip ; at the Vaudeville on December 2, 1887, with Miss Rorke, Miss Millett, E. W. Gardiner, and Miss Florence Perry ; per- formed in New York in October, 1891. Cupid's Odds and Ends. A comedy in three acts, by Catherine Lewis, per- formed "for copyright purposes" at the Parkhurst Theatre, HoUoway, London. Cupid's Reveng-e. (1) A tragedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, first performed by the Children of the Revels on January 1, 1612-13, and first printed in 1615. It was played after the Restoration under the name of 'Love Despised.' (2) A musical pastoral in two acts, by F. Gentleman, Haymarket Theatre, June 12, 1772. Cupid's "Whirligig-. A play acted by the Children of the King's Majesty's Re- vels, licensed in 1607 and also printed in that year. Cupps, Mrs., in Albery's 'Two Roses' (.q.r.), is Lijby Grant's landlady. Cups and Saucers. An operetta by George Cuossmith (q.v.), performed at the Opera Comique Tlieatre, London, August 5, 1S78, by Richard Temple and Mish EmUy Cross. Coiran. A courtier in 'King Lear'' (q-i--\ Curate (The). A comedy-drama, in five acts and one tableau, by Rass Challis, Prince of Wales's Theatre, Great Grimsby,' May 3, 1886. | Cure for a Coxcomb (A); or. The Beau Be-Devil'd. A musical piece per- formed at Covent Garden in May, 1792. Cure for a Cuckold (A). A comedj by John Webster (q.v.) and Williaj Rowley (-7. v.), printed in 1661. The ' ' cure' is for the husband to divorce his wife anc marry again. The central figure of the pla; is one, Cornjmss, a sailor, who has beei absent from his home for four years, and on his return, finds his wife the mother a three-months'-old child. See Love'. Graduate. 1 Cure for a Scold (A). A ballad oper; by James Worsdale, adapted from 'Thj Taming of the Shrew' (q.v.), acted at DroTj Lane in 1735. ; Cure for Coquettes (A). See Alm' Mater. Cure for Jealousy (A). A comedy t; John Corey, acted at Lincoln's Inn Field; and printed in 1701. I Cure for Liove (A). A comedy in tw acts, by Tom Parry (5.^.), first performed:, the Havmarket Theatre on November 2 1842, with J. B. Buckstone as Eichard Sa grove, Farren as Felix Trimmer, H. Wide comb as Sicitch, IMrs. Raymond as M)' Trimmer, Mrs. F. Matthews SiS Mrs. TubV and other parts by Howe, Tilbury, Mi Glover, etc. ; revived in 1853, with Bucksto in his original part, supported by W. Chippendale, Miss E. Chaplin, Mrs. Poynt' etc. Cure for the Fidg-ets (A). A fai by T. J. Williams (q.v.), first performed the Surrey Theatre, London, on Septeml 14, 1867, -with Edward Terry as Finnii Fussleton ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre September, 1876. Cure for the Heartache (A), comedy in five acts, by Thomas Mori (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden January 10, 1797, with Munden as old Bap Lewis as voung Rapid, Quick as Vortei ■ nabob), Murray as Sir Hube)-t Stanley, P' = I CUREHEART CUSHMAX as Charles Stanley, Waddy as Farmer Oat- land, Fawcett as Frank Oatland (his son), ' Farley as Bronze (servant to Vortex), Mrs. Mattocks as Miss Vortex, Mrs. Pope diS Ellen Vortex, and Miss Wallis as Jessie Oatland ; revived at the City of London Theatre in 1848; at the Marylebone Theatre in Oc- tober, 1853 ; at Drury Lane Theatre in March, 1857, with Mrs. Keeley as Fraiik ' Oatlands; at Sadler's Wells in March, 1858, ■with Phelps as 'young Rapid ; at the Royalty in September, 1872, with C. Har- court as young Rapid, which was also one of Barry Sullivan's parts. " For broad ; humour and humorous situation we may go back," says Percy Fitzgerald, "to Morton's pleasant ' Cure for the Heart- ache.' The two Rapid-t, father and son, the 'push on, keep moving,' are perfect . traditions, with tlie nabob, who was so un- lucky as to get no one to listen to the great ■speech he was prepai'ing" ('Principles of Comedy,' 1870). Cureheart, Doctor. A character in .Mrs. Phillip.s's ' An Organic Affection ' I Curfew (The). A play in five acts, by iJOHN ToBix ('/.v.), first performed, Mith (music by Attwood, at Drury Lane on Feb- ^ruary 19, 1807, with Barrymore as Ilufjh de \Tracy, Bannister as Robert (nis son), Cooke ias Dunstan, Mrs. Powell as Matilda (De (Bracy's wife), EUiston as Fitzhardiuf/ (a captain of robbers), etc. Genest thought this "a very happy imitation of the old dramatic writers." Curio. Attendant on the Duke of llbiria in 'Twelfth Night.' Curiosity. (1) A comedy by W. C. Critton {q.v.), acted at Smock Alley, Dublin, in 1785. (2) A play from the German ascribed to Gustavus, King of Sweden), md performed at Covent Garden in April, 1798. (3) A comedy in three acts, translated lt)y Francis Lathom from the French of Mdme. Genlis, and performed at Norwich [n 1801. (4) A comedy in three acts, by 'Joseph Derrick {q.v.), first performed at lihe Vaudeville Theatre, LondoU; on Sep- !;ember 14, 1886, with a cast including E. ^ghton, E. J. Henley, J. C. Buckstone, !viiss Sophie Larkin, Miss Z. Tilbury, Miss K. James, etc. Curiosity Cured. A drama by J. B. iucKSTO.NE Xq.v.), first performed at Drury ^ane in July, 1825. Curious Case (A). A comic drama n two acts, first performed at the Prin- ess's Theatre, London, in 1846, with C. J. ^lathews as Tiviggleton, and other parts jyJ. Vining, C. Fisher, Honner, and Mrs. Stirling (afterwards by Miss Cooper) ; revived t the Lyceum Theatre in 1853, with C. J. ilathews and Honner in their original rdles, •nd Miss :m. Oliver in Mrs. Stirling's ; and /t the Gaiety in October. 1872, with Mathews s before and Miss Fanny Brough as Mrs. iiibrey. Curious, Sir Peter, in J. Dent's 'The Telegraph ' (q.v.). Curll, Edmund. Publisher ; author of 'The Life of that Eminent Comedian, Robert Wilks ' (1733). Current Cash. A drama in five acts, by C. A. Clarke, first performed at North Shields on May 3, 1886 ; produced at the Surrey Theatre, London, on July 25, 1887 ; first performed in America at Niblo's Garden, New York, in October, 1892. Current Coin. A comedy in three acts, by Julian- Cross, Theatre Royal, Bristol, February 28, 1879. Curricombo, in Burnand's and Ste- phens' ' Balloonacy ' (q.v.). Curry, Sir Christopher, in 'Inkle and Yarico' (q.v.). (2) Colonel and Fanny Curry are characters in E. Morton's ' Etoii Boy' (q.v.). Curtain Theatre. See London The- atres. Curtis. Servant to Petruchio in 'The Taming of the Shrew.' Curtleax. A sergeant in Middleton's 'Roaring Girl' (q.v.). Cushla-ma-Cree. A drama in three acts, by John Levey, Adelphi Theatre, Liverpool, September 1, 1873; Marylebone Theatre, London, October 18, 1873. See Cuisla-ma-Chree. Cushman, Charlotte Saunders. Actress, born at Boston, U.S.A., July, 1816 ; began her professional career as an operatic vocalist, making her d^bnt at the Tremont Theatre in April, 1835, as tlie Countess in ' The Marriage of Figaro.' She was engaged as " leading singing lady" at the St. Charles Tlieatre, New Orleans, bufc M'as led, by her anxiety to excel, into over- straining and so ruining her voice, with the result that she Mas compelled to devote herself to acting only. Her first dramatic role was that of Lady Macbeth, in which she appeared in New Orleans, repeating the performance in September, 1836, at the Bowery, New York, where she was also seen as Alicia in ' Jane Shore,' Mrs. Haller, and Helen Macgreyor. In the summer of 1837 she figured at Boston as Portia in ' The Merchant of Venice ' and Henry in ' Speed the Plough.' From September, 1837, to September, 1840, she was engaged at the Park Theatre, New York. During this period she enacted iio?neo, Gonerilm 'Lear,' the Queen in ' Hamlet,' Emilia in ' Othello,' Belvidera in ' Venice JPreserved,' and Julia in 'The Hunchback;' but her most con- spicuous successes were made as Meg Merri- Ues in ' Guy Mannering ' and Nancy Sikes in ' Oliver Twist ' — assumptions which raised very considerably her status as an artist. Says Mrs. Clement, her biographer : "While Miss Cushman was at the Park Theatre, her sister Susan made an unfortunate mar- riage, and by the desertion of her husband was left in destitute circumstances with a i CUSHMAN 364 CUSHMAN child. Through the influence of Charlotte she was led to cultivate her talent for the stage, and was engaged at a small price by the managers with whom her sister made contracts." Susan's ddbut was made at the Park in April, 1837, her second part being Desdemona to the Othello of Vandenhofi'. Her best roles seem to have included Pauline in ' The Lady of Lyons,' Jidie de Mortemar, Grace Harkaway, and Lady Alice Haio- thorn. At the Park, in August, 1841, Char- lotte appeared in 'A Midsummer Night's Dream' as Oberon to Susan's Helena. In October, at the same theatre, Charlotte played Lady Gay Spanker in the first American representation of 'London As- surance' (q.v.). In 1842 she began a season as manager as well as " star " at the Walnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia. "She dis- played at that day," says George Vanden- hoff, "a rude, strong, uncultivated talent. It was not till after she had seen and acted with Mr. Macready— which she did the next season— that .she really brought artistic study and finish to her performances." At New York, in October, 1S43, she played Lady Macbeth to Macready's Macbeth, and the actor wrote in his diary that she "in- terested him much." "She has to learn her art, but she showed mind and sympathy with me." In December she played Ecadne to Macready's Melantius in ' The Bridal ' (q.v.), Beatrice to his Benedick, and Angio- Una to his Marino Faliero. At Boston, later, she played Julie de Mortemar, and Lady Oakley iii ' The Jealous Wife.' After some performances at the Park in Octo- ber, 1844, Charlotte set sail for England, encouraged thereto by the advice of Mac- ready. Her English d^^but took place at the Princess's, London, on February 13, 1845, and in the role of Bianca in ' Fazio,' in which she made a marked impression upon both press and public. Her engagement, which M-as brillianc throughout, lasted till July 15, and in the course of it she ap- peared successively as Emilia in ' Othello,' Lady Macbeth, Rosalind, Mrs. Haller, Bea- trice in ' Much Ado,' Julia in ' The Hunch- back,' the Duchess of Bracciano in a new play by James Kenney called ' Infatuation ' Iq.v.), Portia in 'The Merchant of Venice,' Meg Merrilies, Juliana in ' The Honey- moon,' and Mariana in 'The Wife.' In December, 1845, she opened at the Hay- market as Pi.omeo to her sister's Juliet, and the play, which secured ti'iumph for both sisters, had a "run" of eighty nights. After this (1846-48) came professional visits to Dublin, Liverpool, and other provincial centres. In March, 1848, Susan (Mrs. Merri- man) married for the second time, the bridegroom being an Englishman named Muspratt. Later in the year, at Drury Lane, Charlotte played Queen Katherine to the Wolsey of Macready, for the latter's benefit. In October, 1849, she made her rentrie in America at the Broadway, New York, where she was seen for the first time on that side of the Atlantic as Queen Katlie- rine and Bianca. In 1850, at the same theatre, she enacted Claude Melnotte for the first time on any stage. In 1852 shi decided to retire, and gave a farewell pei formance at Boston. In the same year sb made the first of many visits to Italy. Ii March , 1854, at the Haymarket, she ' 'created the title part of H. F. Chorley's ' Duches Elinor' (q.v.), which, however, expired afte its second representation. In 1855 shi acted both in London and in the provinces and in 1857 she reappeared in New York where, at Burton's Theatre in November she gave her first impersonation of Cardina Wolsey. In June, 1858, came another "fare well," followed in May, 1859, by the deatl of Mrs. Muspratt. In 1860 and 1861 Chai lotte was again acting in New York. In 186 she was discovered to be suffering from can cer in the breast, for which she underwen more than one operation, without any per manently good result. As a Shakespearean reader she appeared in America in 1870, an(. in the following year she acted at Booth' Theatre. Her last performance in Ne^ York took place at that playhouse oi November 7, 1874 ; her last appearance oi any stage, at Boston on May 15, 1875. Sh died (of pneumonia) at Boston on Februar. 18, 1876. In addition to the parts note" above, she had figured as PhMre, Hamlet Constance in ' The Love Chase,' the Countes in 'Love,' Ion, and Madge Wildfire. Fo biography, see Emma Stebbins' 'Charlotte Cu.shman : her Letters and Memoirs of he Life ' (1878), Dutton Cook's ' Hours with th. Plavers ' (1881), Mrs. Clement's ' Charlott' Cushman ' (1882), W. Winter's ' Shadows c the Stage ' (1893), and ' Actors and Actresse. of Great Britain and America.' For crit;, cism, consult J. E. Murdoch's 'The Stage W. W. Clapp's ' Boston Stage,' F. C. Wemyss'i ' Theatrical Biography,' G. Vandenhoff' 'Actor's Note-Book,' L. Hutton's 'Play and Players," and H. Morley's ' Londo; Playgoer.' Gilbert a Beckett wrote c Charlotte — " What figure is that which appears on the scene? 'lis Madame Macready — Miss Cushman, I mean. What a wondrous resemblance : the walk on the toea The eloquent, short, intellectual nose ; The bend of the knee, the slight sneer of the lip, The frown on the forehead, the hand on the hip. In the chin, in the voice, 'tis the same to a tittle. Miss Cushman is Mister Macready in little." "Charlotte Cushman," writes Dutton Cool "may assuredly be accounted an actress < genius in right of her originality, her vivi power of depicting emotion, the vehement- and intensity of her histrionic manner. Hi best successes were obtained in traged; although she possessed a keen sense < humour, and could deliver the witty speech" of Rosalind or of Beatrice with e.vcellej point and effect. Her Meg Merrilies wi probably be remembered as her most ir pressive achievement. It was really, as si played it, a character of her own iuventioi but, in truth, it taxed her intellectual X' sources far less than her Bianca, her Qu^< Katherine, or her Lady Macbeth. H. phvsical peculiarities no doubt hmited tl range of her efforts. . . . Her perfurmanc lacked femineity, to use Coleridge's wore CUSTANCE CYMBELINE nit in power to stir an audience, to touch heir sympathies, to kindle their enthusiasm, .nd compel their applause, she takes rank mong the finest players." Custance, Christian. A rich widow n Udall's ' Kalph Roister Doister ' (q.v.). Custom House (The). A farcical ;omedy in three acts, byL. A. D. Montague, irst performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, jondon, March 24, 1S92. Custom of the Country (The). A omedy by John Fletcher (and, ap- parently, another but unknown writer), rounded in the main on Cervantes' romance ,f 'Persiles of Sigismunda ' (1616), an English ranslation of which appeared in 1619. The ilay, when performed in 1628, was described ,s "old." It was printed in 1647, and re- dved at the Theatre Royal in 16G7, when •ts second performance was witnessed by >epys. "Knipp," he writes, "does the ddow well ; but of all the plays that ever did see, the M'orst, having neither plot, mguage, nor anything on the earth that is cceptable." Dryden wrote of it that There is more indecency in ' The Custom f the Country' than in all our plays to- ether ; yet this has been often acted on itie stage in my remembrance." " The ilustom which gives the name to this ■omedy— namely, that the lord or master ihould have the first night's lodging with 'very woman married to his tenant or bond- lan— is said by Bayle to have prevailed at •ne time in Italy, till it Avas properly sup- ressed by some Cardinal" (Genest). The ".ading male figures in the story are Arnoldo ittd Rutilio, two brothers, the former of hom is on the point of marrying Zenocia. avoid the "custom of the country " they ave Italy, and enter upon a .series of Iventures which end happily in the union ■: Zenocia and her lover. Fletcher's play 'rmed part of the foundation of Gibber's Love makes a Man * {q.v.) and of Johnson's Country Lasses' {q.v.). See Bickerstaff's URIAL. Cut and Come Ag-ain. A farce by OBERT SouTAR, Olympic Theatre, London, ugust 9, 1879. Cut for Partners. A farce in one act, V J. Briton, first performed at the Prin- iss's Theatre, liondon, in April, 1845, with ranby and 3Iduie. Sala as Mr. and Mrs. 'heezy, and other parts by Higgle, Wright, x^erry, and Miss E. Honner. Cut off with a Shilling-. A comedi- ta by S. Theyre Smith {q.v.), first per- rmed at the Prince of Wales's, London, pril 10, 1871, with a cast including Charles )llette, H. W. Montgomery, and Miss irlotta Addison ; revived at the Gaiety in ecember, 1876. Cutbeard. A barber in JONSON'S ' Epi- ene'(g.i'.). Cutbody, Caleb. Assistant surgeon in AiNES's ' Wizard of the Wave.' Cute, Alderman, figures in k Beckett and Lemon's adaptation of 'The Chimes' {q.v.). (2) Mr. Abel Cute, in Lunn's ' Sharp Practice ' {q.v.), is an attorney. Cuthbert, Cyril. The hero of Bvron's ' Cyril's Success ' {q.v.). Cutlack. A play performed by the Lord Admiral's Servants in May, 1594, and afterwards, the title part being represented by Edward Alleyn {q.v.). Cutler, Kate. Actress and vocalist ; made her London debut at Toole's Theatre in 1888 as Inez in Lecocq's ' Pepita.' She was the original representative of Malaguena in Planquette's ' Paul Jones ' (1889), Lady Edytha in ' A Society Girl ' (1893), Connie in ' All Abroad ' (1895), Dorothy in ' Monte Carlo ' (1896), the title characters in * A Modern Trilbv ' (1896), ' The French Maid ' (1897), and ' Little Miss Nobody ' (1898), and Angela in ' Florodora' (1899). Cutlet. A "sentimental butcher" in Lamb's ' Pawnbroker's Daughter ' {q.v.). Cutpurse, Moll. One of the characters in Field's ' Amends for Ladies' {q.v.). See Roarlng Girl. Cutter, Captain, in Palgrave Simp- son's ' That Oilious Captain Cutter ' {q.v.). Cutter of Coleman Street. See Guardian, The. Cuttle, Captain, figures in Halliday's 'Heart's Delight' {q.v.) and other adapta- tions of Dickens's ' Dombey and Son' {q.v.). See Captain Cuttle. (2) Cuttle is the name of a character in L. S. Buckingham's ' Take tliat Girl aAvay ' {q.v.). Cutwell. A play performed by the Earl of Warwick's Men at the Bell, in Grace- church Street [London], in February, 1577. Cycling". A comedietta in one act, by Albert Chevalier {q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on July 11, 1888, by C. S. Fawcett and Miss Alice Atherton. See Bicycle. Cydaria, in 'The Indian Emperor' ((7. t;.), is the daughter of Montezuma. Cyg-netta, in Edwards and Kenney's ' The Swan and Edgar' {q.v.). Cylene. One of " the captives " in Gay's drama so named {q.v.). Cymbeline, The Tragedy of, by William Shakespeare {q.v.), was first printed in the Folio of 1623. It was cer- tainly acted before September, 1611, because that was the death-date of Dr. Simon Forman {q.v.), the astrologer, who makes mention of ' Cymbeline ' in his ' Book of Plaies and Notes thereof.' The story of Imogen and Posthumus was derived by Shakespeare mainly from a widely circulated tale which figures, in one of its forms, in the ' Decameron ' (Day II.), and, in another form, in ' Westward for Smelts ' (published in 1620). From Holinshed's histories of England and of Scotland he obtained the historical background of the play. As to CYMBELINE CYMBELINE the period at which ' Cymbeline ' was written, we have no precise information. See, on this point, the various theories of Tieck, Coleridge, Charles Knight, C. M. Inglebj-, and F. G. Fleay. An adaptation of the play, made by T. d'Urfey (q.v.), and entitled ' The Injured Princess ; or. The Fatal Wager,' was performed at the Theatre Royal in 1682. The names of some of the characters were changed : Pisanio was turned into a lord, and made the father of Clarissa; the part of Guiderius was given to Arviragus, and so forth. "This," says Genest, "is a vile alteration, but still enough of the original is retained to prevent the play from being a bad one." This adapta- tion was performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in January, 1720, under the title of ' Cymbe- line ; or, The Fatal Wager,' with Leigh as Cijiiibeline, Ryan ao TJrsaces [Postliumus], C. Bullock as Shattilion [a Frenchman, who takes the part of lachimo], Mrs. Bullock as Eugenia [Imogen], Boheme as Pisanio, H. Bullock as Cloten, and Mrs. Giffard as the Queen; it was also represented at Covent Garden in March, 1738, with Ryan as Cym- beline, Delane as Ursaces, Walker as Shat- tilion, Chapman as Cloten, Mrs. Templar as Eugenia, and Mrs. Hallam as the Queen. Genest records a performance of ' Cymbeline ' (promoted by T. Cibber) at the Haymarket in November, 1744, but whether or no the play was Shakespeare's is not known. A siuiilar uncertainty attaches to the 'Cym- beline' performed for Woodward's benefit at Covent Garden on April 7, 1746, with Ryan as Posthianus, Hale as lachimo, Bridgewater as Pisanio, Mrs. Pritchard as Imogen, and the beneficiaire as Guiderius. The year 1755 saw the publication of an adaptation of ' Cymbeline ' by one Charles Marsh. In February, 1759, the management of Covent Garden produced a version of ' Cymbeline ' made by William Hawkins (Professor of Poetry at Oxford), in which the adapter sought to reduce Shakespeare's work to "the regularity of a modern tra- gedy." ' ' The character of lachimo is totally omitted, and the first part of that of Post- humus. The Queen is spoken of as lately dead. Cloten is made a serious character," and so forth (see Genest). In this pro- duction the Imogen was Mrs. Vincent (Mrs. Bellamy having declined the part), and Ross was Posthumus. At Drury Lane in November, 1761, Garrick produced Shake- speare's play with alterations (consisting of omissions, transpositions, and some few words added)! which Genest pronounces "most judicious." Garrick himself under- took Posthumus, with Holland as lachimo, King as Cloten, and Miss Bride as Imogen. The piece was performed sixteen times. 'Cymbeline' was revived at Covent Garden in December, 1767, with Powell as Posthu- mus, Smith as lachimo, Yates as Cloten, and Mrs Yates as Imogen ; and at Drury Lane in December, 1770, with Reddish as Posthumus, Palmer as lachimo, Dodd as Cloten, and Mrs. Barry (followed by Mrs. Baddeley) as Imogen. An adaptation of 'Cymbeline' by Henry Brooke (q.v.) was published in 1778. Revivals of the play took place at the Haymarket in August, 1782, with Bannister, jun., as Posthtiviut, Edwin as Cloten, and Mrs. Baddeley aS' Imogen; at Covent Garden in October, 1784,: with Henderson as Posthumus, Wroughton as lachimo, Quick as Cloten, and Miss' Younge as Imogen ; at Drury Lane in No- vember, 1785, with J. P. Keml)le as Posthu- mus, Smith as lachimo, and Mrs. Jordan as. Imogen; at the same theatre in January, 17S7, with Mrs. Siddons as Imogen ; and at Covent Garden in May, 1800, with Holman as Posthumus, Pope as lachimo, Betterton as Cloten, and Mrs. Pope as Imogen. An arrangement of 'Cymbeline' prepared by! J. P. Kemble, in which Belarius, Guiderius,- a.nd Arviragus figured on the bills as Morgan,', Polydorc, and Cadwal, was performed ati Covent Garden in January, 1806, with Cooke' as Iachi)no, Farley as Cloten, and Miss' Smith as Imogen; in June, 1812, with! Young as lachimo, Charles Kemble as; Polydore, and Mrs. H. Johnston as Imogen;' and in May, 1816, with Terry as Morgan,' Liston as Cloten, and Miss Stephens as Imogen. Other revivals at Covent Garden were those of March, 1817, with Booth a^i Posthumus and Miss Costello as Imogen; of June, 1818, with Macready as Posthumus and Miss Booth as Imogen; and of June,' 1825, with C. Kemble as Posthumus and' Miss Foote as Imogen. ' Cymbeline ' was played at Drury Lane in February, 1S29,- with Young as Posthumus, Cooper as! lachimo, J. Vining as Guiderius, and Miss! Phillips as Imogen. It was seen at Covent' Garden in May, 1837, with Miss Helen Faucit as Imogen; at the same theatre' in September, 1S38, with Phelps as Posthn-- mus, VandenhofI as lachimo, G. Bennett as Pisanio, Vining as Cloten, J. R. Anderson as Arviragus, Elton as Guiderius, H. Howe as Philario, Miss Faucit as Imogen, and Miss P. Horton in a singing part ; at Drury Lane in January, 1843, with J. R. Anderson as Posthumus, Macready as lachimo, Miss Faucit as Imogen, Phelps as Belarius, Compton as Cloten, Ryder as Cymbeline;' in the Enghsh provinces in 1846, with Miss Helen Faucit as Imogen and G. V. Brooke as Posthumus; at Sadler's Wells,' London, in August, 1847, Mith Phelps as' Posthumus, Marston as lachimo, G. Ben-_ nettSi,s, Belarius, Hoskins as Guiderius, Miss' Laura Addison as Imogen; at the Maryle-; bone Theatre, London, in 1849, with Mrs.' Mowatt as Imogen, 'Da.\en-povt as Posthumus, and G. Cooke as Belarius ; at Sadler's Wells' Theatre in September, 1854, with Phelps and Marston as before. Miss Cooper as Imogen, Lewis Ball as Cloten, and F. Robin- son as Arviragus ; at Sadler's Wells in Sep- tember, 1857, with Mrs. H. Vezin as Imogen, Rayner as Belarius, and Phelps, Marston, Bail, and Robmson as before ; at Liverpool in July, 1863, with G. V. Brooke as Post- humus, Cowper as lachimo, and Miss Avonia Jones as i7no<7e?i; at Drury Lane in October.i 1S64, with Miss Atkinson as the Queen. Miss Faucit as Imogen, Phelps as Post- humus, Creswick b.s lachimo, Alfred Raynei CYMBELINE 367 CYNIC'S DEFEAT as Cymbelinc, and Walter Lacy as Cloten [see H. Morley's ' Journal of a London Play- goer '] ; in ISIarch, 1S65, at the same theatre, with Anderson as lachimo, Walter Mont- gomery as Posthumus, H. Marston as Belarms, E. Phelps as Pisaaio, and Miss Faucit, Miss Atkinson, and W. Lacy as before ; at Queen's Theatre, London, in March, 1872, with G. Eignold as Posthumus, J. Ryder as /acto/io, H. yinraton an Belarius, Lewis Ball as Cloten, Miss H. Hodson as Imogen, and Miss Huddart as the Queen ; [see Dutton Cook's ' Nights at the Play '] ; at Drury Lane in 1876 ; at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in May, 1877, with Miss Adelaide Neilson as Imogen, Mrs. G. H. Gilbert as the Queen, John Drew as Cloten, Eben Plyrapton as Posthumus, C. Fisher as Belarius, Joseph Haworth as Arciracjus, J. B. Studley as lachimo, etc. ; in the English provinces in 1877, with INIiss Elise Maisey as Imogen; at Drury Lane on December 3, 1878, with Miss Wallis as Imogen, Edward Conipton as Posthumus, J. 'Ryder 3i6 lachimo, J. (J. Cowper as Belarius, F. Barsby as Cloten, and Howard Russell as Cymbeline ; at the Gaiety Theatre, Lon- don, on the afternoon of March 28, 1883, with Miss Wallis as Imogen, E. S. Willard as lachimo, J. H. Barnes" as Posthumus, G. Alexander as Guiderius, W. H. Stephens as Belarius, C Groves as Cloten, Ben Greet as Caius Lucius, and Miss Fanny Robertson : as the Queen ; in the United States in 1888, with Mdme. Modjeska as Imogen ; at St. George's Hall, London, on February 1, 1893, by members of the Irving A.D.C., with F. R. Buckley as lachimo and Miss 0. Kennett as Imogen ; at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on September 22, 1S96, with Henry Irving as lachimo, F.H. Macklin as Cymbeline, N. Forbes as Cloten, Frank Cooper as Posthumus, F. Robinson as Be- \larius, Ben Webster as Guiderius, Gordon \Cra,ig SiS Arviragus, Fuller Mellish as Phi- \lano, H. Cooper-Cliff e as Caius Lucius, I'Miss Genevieve Ward as the Queen, and jMiss Ellen Terry as Imogen. ^Miss i Faucit (Lady Martin) writes! "I have heard the plot of ' Cymbeline ' severely censured. The play certainly wants the concentration which is essential for stage representation, and which Shakespeare himself would probably have given to it had it been written after he had gained that exquisite cunning in constructive skill which is apparent in ' Macbeth,' ' Romeo and Juliet,' ' Much Ado about Nothing,' and some of his other plays. But the plot itself is clear enough, and sufficiently full of sus- tained interest to engage the attention of the audience, and keep it in suspense to the close. The play, in fact, is of only too luxuriant groAvth, such as a little judicious lopping removes without prejudice to it as an acting drama. Its occasional difTuseness is plainly caused by an extreme anxiety to leave nothing obscure either in the action or the characters. But the genius of the great dramatist is apparent in the skill with which the story of Imogen's trials is interwoven with traditionary tales of the ancient Britons and their relations to Rome, which give to it the vivid interest of a grand historical backgTound. The incident on which the play hinges — the wager between lachimo and Posi/nnuMS— seems to have been taken from Boccaccio's story, simply because it was familiar to the theatre-going public, and because Shakespeare saw in it a great opportunity for introducing characters and incidents well fitted to develop, in a manner ' unattempted yet in prose or rhyme,' the character of a noble, cultivated, loving woman and wife at her best. The play might indeed be fitly called ' Imogen, Princess of Britain,' for it is upon her, her trials and her triumph, that it turns." Cymbia ; or, The Magric Thimble. A comic opera in three acts, libretto by Harry Paulton, music by Florian Pascal, first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on March 24, 1883, with Mdlle. Camille D'Arville in the title part, H. Paulton as King Arthur, H. Walsham as Carrow, and other parts by F. Gaillard, W. G. Bedford, 0. A. White, etc. Cymon. A " dramatic romance" in five acts, founded by David Garrick {q.v.) on Dryden's ' Cyraon and Iphigenia,' and first performed at Drury Lane on January 2, 1767, with Bensley as Merlin, Mrs. Baddeley as Urganda, Vernon as Cymon, i^Irs. Arne as Sylvia, Mrs. Abington as Fatima {Ur- ganda' t attendant). Parsons as Dorus (a magistrate), King as Linco, and other parts by Fawcett, Mrs. Bradshaw, etc. Merlin is in love with Urganda, Urganda with Cymon, and Cymon with Sylvia. Ur- ganda shuts Sylvia up in a tower, from which Merlin releases her. Sylvia and Cymon then marry. The piece was revived at Covent Garden in three (and afterwards two) acts in 1815, with Duruset as Cymon, Fawcett as Linco, Egerton as Merlin, Liston as Dorus, Miss Stephens as Sylvia, Miss Hughes as Urganda, and Mrs. Gibbs as Fatima; and again, at the same theatre, in 1827, with Mdme. Vestris as Cymon, Farren as Dorus, Miss Paton as Sylvia, Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley) as Dorcas, etc. The play next appeared in the form of a "lyrical, comical pastoral " in one act, altered from the text of Garrick by J. R. Planche, and re-christened ' Cymon and Iphigenia.' This was first per- formed, with tlie music by Michael Arne, at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on April 1, 1850, with C. J. Mathews as April the First, Miss Ranoe as Love, Miss Julia St. George as Cymon, Harley as Dorus, R. Eoxby as' Linco, F. Matthews as Dorcas, Mrs. Humby as Fatima, jNIiss M. Oliver as Phoebe, and Miss Manners as Iphigenia. Cyraon and Iphigrenia. See Cymon. Cynic (The). See Modern Faust. Cynic, Sir Solomon, in ' My Grand- father's \Viir(5.u.). Cynic's Defeat (The); or. All is Vanity. A comedietta by Alfred Thomp- IsON, adapted from ' Le Revanche d'Iris,' and first performed at the Prince of Wales's CYNICK S68 CYRIL'S SUCCESS Theatre, Liverpool, August 19, 1S7S, with Miss Ellen Terry as Iris and Charles Kelly as Diogenes; produced at the Haymarket Theatre on April 9, 1879, with Miss TeiTy and C. Kelly in their original parts. Cynick (The). A play so named -was performed at Goodman Fields in 1731, with Huddy as Diogenes, GifPard as Apelles, Havard as Hephe'stion, Mrs. GifFard as Campaspe, etc. Genest assumes this to have been an adaptation of Lyly's 'Alex- ander and Campaspe.' See Alexander THE Great. Cynisca. The "wife of Pygmalion in Gilbert's 'Pygmalion and Galatea' (g.i\). Cyntliia. (1) A character in the masque in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Maid's Tragedy.' (2) A goddess in Jonson'S ' Cynthia's Revels ' (g.v.). (3) Daughter of Sir Paul Pliant in Congreve'S ' Puuble Dealer' iq.v.). (4) The heroine of BuCK- STONE's ' Flowers of the Forest ' (q.v.). Cynthia and Endymion; or, The lioves of the Deities. A dramatic opera, in rhyme and tive acts, by Thomas D'Urfey, printed in 1697. " This piece was designed to be acted at court before Queen Mary II., and after her death was performed at the Theatre Royal, where it met with good success. The story is taken from Ovid's 'Metamorphoses,' and 'Pysche,' in Apuleius's 'Golden Ass.'" In this piece Dogget acted Colin, a country fellow. Cynthia's Lovers. A play by Charles Barnard, Stamford, Connecticut, February 15, 1892; afterwards entitled 'Spooks.' Cynthia's Revels ; or, The Foun- tain of Self-Liove. A " comical satire " by Ben Jonson (q.v.), acted in 1600, by the children of Queen Elizabeth's chapel. " It has little or no plot, and the persons of the play are rather vice;? or passions personified than characters copied from real life." In the goddess Cynthia, Jonson's idea seems to have been to compliment Elizabeth. Pro- fessor Ward suggests that in Actceon and JN'iobe the dramatist may have portrayed Essex and Lady Arabella Stuart. In Crites we may detect a "projection" of himself. Nathan Field was in the original cast. Cynthia's Revenge ; or, Moenan- der's Ecstasy. A tragedy by John SWALLOW, printed in 1613, and " one of the longest dramatic pieces ever written." The plot is from Lucan's ' Pharsalia ' and Ovid's ' Metamorphoses.' Cypher, Dick, in PococK's ' Hit or Miss' (q.v.), is an attorney by profession, and a coachman by occupation. Cyrano de Berg-erac. A play in five acts, by Edmond Rostrand (Paris, Variet^s, May, 1898), of which several English versions have been performed :— (1) A translation by Howard Thayer Kingsbury, first per- formed at the Garden Theatre, New Y'ork, on October 3, 1898, with Richard Mansfield in the title part and Miss Margaret Anglin asRoxane. (8) An adaptation by Augustin Daly, first performed at the Chestnut Street Opera House, Philadelphia, on October 3, 1898, with Miss Ada Rehan as Ro.zane, Mrs. G. H. Gilbert as the Duenna, and C. Richman as Cyrano. (3) A translation by Howard M. Ticknor, first performed at the Castle Square Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., October 24, 1898. (4) An adaptation, first performed at the Third Avenue Theatre, New York, October 31, 1898. (5) A trans- lation by Stuart Ogilvie and Louis Parker, first performed at Blackpool on March 5, 1900, with Charles Wynd- ham as Cyrano and Miss Mary Mo:re as iJoo^ane; produced at Wyndham's Theatre, London, April 19, 1900, with C. Wyndham and Miss Moore in their original parts.— An opera comique entitled ' Cyrano de Bergerac,' written by Stuart Reed and H. B. Smith, and composed by Victor Herbert, was produced at the Academy of Music, Montreal, on September 11, 1899, and at the Knickerbocker Theatre, New Y'ork, on September 18, 1899, with Francis "Wilson in the title-part. — A burlesque of Rostand's play, called ' Sir Andy de Boot- jack,' written by Richard Carle, and com- posed by A. E. Aarons, was introduced into ' In Gotham ' at Koster and Rial's Music Hall, New York, October 17, 1898. Another travesty, entitled ' Cyranose de Bric-k-Brac,' written by H. B. Smith and Edgar Smith, and composed by John Stromberg, was produced at Weber and Field's Music Hall, New York, November 3, 1898. CjTTene. A "dramatic fancy" in three acts, by Alfred C. Calmour, produced at the Avenue Theatre, London, on the after- noon of June 27, 1890, with a cast including Miss Marion Terry, Henry Neville, and Arthur Stirling. Cyril's Success : an Everyday Story. A comedy in five acts, by H. J. BVRON (q.v.), first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, on November 28, 1868, with W. H. Vernon as Cyril Cuthbert, David Fisher as Major Treherne, John Clarke as Matthew Pincher, C. Warner as Viscount Glycerine, Miss Maggie Brennan as the Hon. Fred Titeboy, Miss Henrade as 3Irs. Cyril Cuthbert, Miss Hughes as Mrs. Singleton Bliss, and Mrs. Stephens as Miss Grannett ; revived at the Globe Theatre on October 5, 1872, with H. J. Montagu as Cyril, Compton as Pincher, Miss Rose Massey as the Hon. Fred, Miss Carlotta Addison as Mrs. Cuth- bert, and David Fisher and Miss Hughes as before ; at the Imperial Theatre in April, 1877, with Miss ]\L Brennan as before, and other parts by Miss Rose Egan, INIiss B. Henri, C. Warner, F. H. Macklin, W. Bel- ford, and J. Fawn ; at Toole's Theatre, on January 17, 1880, with H. J. Byron as Pin- cher, E. D. Ward as Cyril, J. Billington as Treherne, fliiss Roland Phillips as Titeboy, Miss Lilian Cavalier as Mrs. Cuthbert, Miss EflSe Liston as Mrs. Bliss, and Miss Emily Thome as Miss Grannett ; at the Criterion Theatre on January 25, 1890, with Leonard CYRUS D'AVENANT Boyne as Cyril, A. Elwood as Treherne, D. James as Pincher, Miss Olga Brandon as Mrs. Ciithbert, Miss Compton as Mrs. Bliss, Miss h\ Frances as Titeboy, and Miss E. Brunton as Miss Grannett. Cyrus. A tragedy adapted by Hoole 'q.v.) from an opera by Metastasio. which, in its turn, was based upon the first book )f Herodotus. ' Cyrus ' was first performed it Covent Garden on December 3, 176S, .vith Powell as the hero (son of Cambyses md Mandane), Smith as Cambyses, Bensley ,iS Mithranes, Clarke as Astyages (King of tiedia), Hull as Harpagus, Mrs. Yates as \[andane (daughter of Astyage>i), and Mrs. Jattocks as Aspasia (daughter of Uar- mgus). Cyrus the Great ; or, The Tragredy )f Love. A play by John Banks iq.v.), lased probably on Mdlle. de Scudery's amous romance, and performed at Lincoln's nn Fields in 1696, with Betterton in the title part. Smith as Cyaxares (King of Media), Hudson as Abradatas (King of Susa). Kynaston as Hystaxpex. Bowman as Croesus (King of Lydia), Thurmond as Artabasus, Mrs. Barry as Punthea, Mrs. Bracegirdle as Lausaria, and Mrs. Bowtell as Thomyris (Queen of Scythia). Czar (The). (1) A comic opera in three acts, by John O'Keefe iq.v.), performed at Covent Garden in March, 1790. It was based on the well-known fact that Peter the Great had worked incognito in our dockyards, in order to acquire a knowledge of shipbuild- ing. It was afterwards reduced to the dimensions of a farce, and performed under the title of ' The Fugitive.' (2) An historical tragedy in five acts, by Joseph Cradock, printed in 1824.—' The Czar of Muscovy : ' a tragedy by Mrs. :Mary Pix iq.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields, and printed in 1701. It is founded on incidents in the life of Peter the Great {q.v.). See Peter the Great. D'Alroy, Hon. George. The hero of OBERTSO.N's ' Caste ' iq.v.). D'Ambois, Bussy. See BussY D'Am- ois and REVENcii!; of Bcssv D'Ambois. iD'Amville. The hero of Tourneur's Atheist's Tragedy' {q.v.). ; D'Anka, Cornelie. Actress and vo- LUst; made her London dAbut at the '.lobe Theatre, April 22, 1871, as Prince of oboli in ' Falsacappa ' (q.v.). See FiLLE 3 Madame Angot. ; D'Arblay, Madame [Fai.); was for some time inspector of plays ; and wrote, when nine- teen, a tragedy called ' Circe,' published in 1677. D'Avenant, Sir William. Drama- tist, miscellaneous writer, and theatrical manager ; born at Oxford, 1605, died 1668 ; son of John D'Avenant, a vintner and mayor of Oxford ; educated privately and at Lin- coln College, Oxford ; began life as a mem- ber of the household of the first Duchess of Richmond, whence he passed into that of Fulke.Greville, Lord Brooke. These appoint- ments brought him into touch Avith the Court, and led to many valuable friend- ships. In 1629 he published his first play, ' Albovine, King of the Lombards ' (q.v'). In 1637 he was made Poet Laureate in suc- cession to Ben Jonson, and, two years later, director of the King and Queen''s Company "at the Cockpit in Drury Lane." Taking the side of King Charles in the contest between Crown and Parliament, D'Avenant had to fly to France, but, returning, he engaged in active military service, for which he was knighted at the siege of Gloucester in 1643. Towards the end of the Common- wealth, " having obtained the countenance of persons of rank, he got permission," says the 'Biographia Dramatica,' "to open a sort of theatre at Rutland House, in Charter House Yard, where he began with 2 3 D'AVENANT 370 DACTYL a representation which he called an Opera. . . . This meeting with encouragement, he still proceeded, till at length, growing bolder by success, he wrote, and caused to be acted, several regular plays." For admission to these performances money was taken, and to that extent they may be called public. One of the pieces produced was D'Avenant's own play, ' The Siege of Rhodes ' (1656), in which Mrs. Coleman, the first English pro- fessional actress [see Actresses], made her appearance. In 1658 D'Avenant opened the Cockpit. Two years afterwards (the Resto- ration having intervened) D'Avenant ob- tained a license to form a company of players (called the Duke's, after its patron, the Duke of York), and this, headed by Better- ton, started operations at the theatre in Salisbury Court. Thence, in 1662, it mi- grated to a new playhouse in Lincoln's Inn Fields, where, six years afterwards, D'Ave- nant died, in lodgings which formed part of the theatre. In addition to the two plays above named, D'Avenant was the author of the following, printed in the years stated : — ^ The Cruel Brother ' (1630), ' The Just Italian' (1630), 'The Temple of Love,' masque (1634), ' The Triumphs of the Prince D' Amour ' (1635), ' The Platonic Lovers ' (1636), ' The Wits ' (1636), ' Britannia Trium- phans,' masque (1637), 'Salmacida Spolia' (1639), 'The Unfortunate Lovers' (1643), and ♦ Love and Honour ' (1649). At the Cockpit he produced ' The Cruelty of the Spaniards in Peru' (1658) and 'The History of Sir Francis Drake ' (1659) ; at Lincoln's Inn Fields, the first and second parts of ' The Siege of Rhodes ' (elaborated from the first sketch of 1656) (1663), ' Man's the Master ' (1669), and 'The Playhouse to Let' (q.v.). Plays called 'The Fair Favourite' (1673), ' News from Plymouth ' (1673), ' The Siege ' (1673), 'The Distresses' (1673), and 'The Colonel' (q.v.) are also ascribed to D'Ave- nant, who was, further, guilty of some adaptationsfrom Shakespeare— 'Lawagainst Lovers,' 'The Tempest' (with Dryden), and 'Macbeth,' all of which see, and of one from ' The Two Noble Kinsmen '— ' The Rivals ' (q.v.). The dramatic works of D'Ave- nant were edited by Laing and Maidment, -with a memoir, in 1872-4. See, also. Wood's ' Athenae Oxonienses,' Aubrey's ' Lives,' Langbaine's ' Dramatic Poets,' Oldys' Diary, INIalone's ' English Stage,' Genest's ' English Stage,' ' Biographia Dramatica.' Sir Walter Scott records having perused "a few pages of Will D'Avenant, who was so fond of having it supposed that Shake- speare intrigued with his mother. I think the pretension can only be treated as Phaeton was, according to Fielding's farce— ' Besides, by all the village boys I'm shamed : Tou, the sun's son, you rascal? you be d— d.' " "As a dramatist," says Professor Ward, "D'Avenant may. In the earlier series of his plays, be described as a limb of Fletcher, whom he resembled in his audacious choice of subjects, in his roving rather than soaring flights of fancy, and in his love of warm descriptive colouring. On occasion he re- veals some traces of the tenderness and even of the poetic feeling of his predecessor ; but of the humour in which Fletcher abounded D'Avenant seems to me to possess little or nothing. . . . With all his short- comings and excesses, D'Avenant must re- tain in the annals of our drama the historical position which he secured by his opportune energy and resource — of forming the chief connecting link between two periods of our dramatic literature." Dabble. A dentist in Cobb's 'Hu- mourist' (q.v.). Dabbs, Gr. H. R. Physician and dra- matic writer ; author of the follo-vvino plays :— ' Black Mail ' (1887), ' The Under study ' (18S7), ' The Contractor ' (1887) 'Popsy' (1888), 'Her Own Witness' (1889) ' The Village Post-Office ' (1889), ' Our Pals (1889), ' Punchinello ' (1890), ' The Jewels (1893), ' The Blind Singer ' (1898), and, wit! Edward Righton (q.v.), ' Our Angels ' (1891 [' Our Pals ' expanded] and ' Dante ' • Daborne, Robert. Dean of Lismon (1621) and dramatic writer, died 1628 author of 'A Christian turned Turk,'traged;, (1612), and ' The Poor Man's Comfort,' tragi" comedy (1655); also, of 'The Bellman o London,' 'The Owl,' 'Machiavell and th' Devil,' and, with Cyril Tourneur, ' Th Arraignment of London ' (q.v.). He seem to have collaborated with Field and Mas singer. Dabsey, Eliza, in Stephens andSOLC MON's ' Billee Taylor ' (q.v.). Dacre, Artbur. Actor ; real namt, Culver- James ; died 1895 ; began life as doctor. His first part seems to have beei Captain Molyneux in ' The Shaughraun played by him during the American ru of the piece. In September, 1879, he a], peared at the Court Theatre, Loudon, r Gustave in a revival of 'Fernande.' Aftt. that date he played in London the f ollowir- original j>a,Yts :—lJick Capel in 'A Cleric; Error ' (1879), Mr. Moltino in ' Courtshi] (1879), Harold Kenyon in ' The Old Lov. and the New' (1879), Armand Duval 'Heartsease' (1880), Guy Faucit in 'Tl^ Cynic' [see 'Modern Faust'] (1882), Viet de Riel in ' Impulse ' (1882), Tom Potter ' The Silver Shield' (1885), James Ralston , 'Jim the Penman' (1886), Noel Musgra in ' Harvest ' (1886), Geoffrey Calvert in ' Ha- Hit' (1887), Captain Maubert in ' Civil Wa' (1887), Henri Vandelle in 'Esther Sandrs, (1889), Dorian Cholmondeley in ' The Roj Oak ' (1889), William Prescott in ' Man a ■ Woman ' (1893), Cap)tain Chandos in ' A L of Pleasure' (1893). He was also seen London as Ernest Vane in ' Masks a Faces' (Haymarket, 1881), Camille Dnj^ din in 'The Double Marriage' (Prince Wales', 1888), Beamish M'Coul in ' Arrah--, Pogue ' (Princess's, 1891), etc. SeeRoSEL: Amy. Dactyl, Mr. A poet in Foote's : tron ' (q.v.). DAD 371 DALLAS , Dad. A comedy in three acts, by F. A. iScuDAMORE, Theatre Royal, Belfast, No- Ivember 22, 1882. ! Daddy Gray. A drama in three acts, by Andrew HallidayC^.v.), first performed 'at the New Royalty Theatre, London, on February 1, 1868, with F. Dewar in the title role, Miss Carlotta Addison as Jessie Bell, iliss M. Oliver as Kitty Clatterby, E. Danvers as Jinks, and Mrs. J. Rouse as }[rs. Bell ; first performed in New York at ;he Fifth Avenue Theatre, December, 1869, ,vith E. L. Davenport as Gray, J. Lewis as Jinks, Miss Agnes Ethel as Jessie, and Mrs. Wilkins as Mrs. Bell. Daddy Hardacre. A drama in two ^cts, adapted by J. Palgrave Simpson from bayard and Duport's ' La Fille de L'Avare,' |irst performed at the Olympic Theatre, Lon- ion, on March 26, 1857, with F. Robson as [)addy, Miss Hughes (Mrs. Gaston Murray) ,s his daughter, and G. Vining, Cooke, and I'Irs. Stephens in other parts. The story is ;hat of an old miser who " loves his daughter |nd his gold, and handles and hugs them (.'ith equal atiection." 1 Daddy Long-legrs. A pantomime by r. BowYER iq.v-), Britannia Theatre, London, l)ecember 26, 1885. [DaffodiL The "male coquette" in jfARRiCK's play so named (q.v.). Dag-g-er and the Cross (The). (1) A rama in four acts, by Brownlow IIii.l, recian Theatre, Lnndon, October 10, 1867. 5) A play in four acts, adapted by W. A. REMAYNE from Joseph llatton's novel of 16 same title, and first performed at Tren- m. New York, September 4, 1899, by obert B. ]\Lantell and company — ' The agger and the Rose,' by J. C. Dixon and . J. Booth, has been performed in U.S.A. Daggers Drawn. A comedietta by !RYCE Seaton, Strand Theatre, London, jinuary 9, 1892. 'Dag-gerwood, Sylvester. See Syl- :STER Daggerwood. Dagobert, King of the Franks. A ay translated from the German of Babo, d published in ISOO. (2) ' Dagobert : ' opera-bouffe in three acts, dialogue by chard Sillman, songs by Frank Green, d music by Herve, first performed at the laring Cross Theatre, London, August 28, >'5, with Edmund Rosenthal in the title ]ti{King of Gaul), E. J. Odell as Diamond j/e, F, J. Stimson as Prince Clodomir, Miss Feuillade as Hector (a page), Miss Bur- le as Princess Fleur d'Aviour, Miss T. vis as Queen Chlorinda, and Miss P. verne as Cunegonde (a country lass). Oahanna, Davy, in Middleton's haste Maid in Cheapside' (^.v.), is a poor 'smanof ,Si> Walter. Dainty, Lady. A hypochondriac in RNaby's 'Reformed Wife' (q.v.) and ' JBER's ' Double Gallant' (q.v.). DairoUes, Adrienne. Actress ; was in the original cast of the following plays (produced in London in the years named) :— ' Mirage ' (1888), ' Christina ' (1888), ' The Dean's Daughter ' (1888), ' Calumnv ' (1889), • The Inheritance' (1889), ' Your Wife' (1890), ' Dick Wilder ' (1891), ' The American ' (1891), ' The Grey Mare ' (1892), ' A Play in Little ' (1892), 'A Marriage of Convenience' (1897), etc. She was also in the first London pro- ductions of 'All the Comforts of Home' (1891) and ' Marriage, 1892' (1892), and was seen in the latter year as Hortense in a re- vival of 'Jo' iq.v.). "Daisies, smell-less, yet most quaint."— 'The Two Noble Kinsmen' (song). Daisy. See Little Daisy. Daisy. (1) A comedy in two acts, by E. Manuel (q.v.), Britannia Theatre, London, October 28, 1878. (2) A farcical comedy in three acts, by B. T. Hughes, Kovalty Theatre, Glasgow, July 23, 1883. (3) A comedy-operetta written by F. (tRove Palmer, composed by Henry J. Wood, Kilburn Town Hall, London, May 1, 1890. Daisy Farm. A drama in four acts, by H. J. Bvron q. >:), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, on May 1, 1871, with a cast including the author, G. Belmore. W. Blakeley, Charles Warner, J. Carter, E. W. Ganlen, Miss .M. O'Berne. Miss Hughes, and Mrs. W. H. Liston ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in October, 1879. Daisy Land. A play in three acts, by H. Graham, Lecture Hall, Greenwich, March 11, 1890. Daisy, Princess. The heroine of Burnand's 'White Fawn' (q.v.). Daisy's Escape. A comedietta by A. W. PiNERO (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on September 20, 1879, with the author, F. Cooper, and Miss Alma Murray in the cast. Dakolar. A play by Steele Mackaye, produced at the Lyceum Theatre, New York, April 6, 1885. Dale, Felix. The nom de guerre under which H. C. Merivale produced and printed his ' He's a Lunatic ' (q.v.). Dalgarno, Lord. A character in the various adaptations of 'The Fortunes of Nigel' (q.v.). Dalilah. See Syren, The. Dallas, J. J. Actor ; was in the original cast of ' Fatinitza ' (Alhambra Theatre, 1878). Between 1880 and 1883 he had parts in the following Gaiety productions :— ' Colonel Sellers,' ' Young Rip Van Winkle, ' The Corsican Brothers Co.,' Reece's ' Forty Thieves,' 'Bubbles,' Burnand's ' Whittington and his Cat,' Reece's ' Aladdin ' and ' Little Robin Hood,' and Burnand's ' Ariel.' He was in the original casts of Reece and Farnie's ' Kenilworth ' (1885), ' La Bear- naise ' (1886), ' The Old Guard ' (1887), DALLAS 372 DALY'S THEATRE •Nadgy' (1888). He has also played in London Folbach in ' Falka,' the Rajah in ' The Nautch Girl,' and Eoherts in ' The Lady Slavey;' in the provinces, the title part in ' The Vicar of Bray ' and Honeijcornb in 'The Gay Parisienne.' He was in the first American cast of 'Utopia Limited He is part-author of 'The School Girl (r/.t).) and ' The Wishing Well' (q.v.). Dallas, Mrs. See Glyn, Isabel. Dallas, Robert Charles. Dramatic and miscellaneous writer, born 1754, died 1824 ; author of ' Lucretia,' a tragedy (1797), ' Not at Home,' an entertainment (1809), and ' Adrastus,' a tragedy (1823). His works appeared in 1813, See 'Biographia Dra- matica.' Dalton, Charles. Actor; joined the profession in 1883 ; was in the original casts of ' Sister Mary ' (1886), ' Master and Man ' (1889), 'Jess' (1890), 'The English Rose' (1890), 'The Trumpet Call' (1891), 'The White Rose ' (1892), ' The Lights of Home ' (1892), 'The Lost Paradise' (1892), 'The Derby Winner' (1894). He played the Stranger in the English version of 'The Lady from the Sea' (1891). Dalton, John, D.D. See Comus. Daly, Augustin. Theatrical manager and dramatic writer, born Plymouth, North Carolina, July, 1838 ; died June, 1899 ; began his career in New York, in 1859, as a journalist, atone time contributing criti- cisms of music and drama to local news- papers. His work as a theatrical manager dates from August 16, 1869, wiien he opened the first Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, ■with T. W. Robertson's 'Play,' to wliich he had himself made "additions." The theatre was burnt down in 1873, but rebuilt in the same year. In 1877 Daly retired from its direction ; on September 17, 1879, be opened Daly's Theatre on Broadway, of which he remained manager till his decease. For a short time he was also manager of the Grand Opera House and Olympic Theatre, New York. At Daly's he gathered round him a "company of come- dians " (headed by Miss Ada Rehan), with which he paid visits to London in 1884 (Toole's Theatre), in 1886 (Strand Theatre), in 1888 (Gaiety Theatre), and in 1890 (Lyceum Theatre). In June, 1893, he became lessee of Daly's Theatre, Leicester Square, Lon- don. He was the author of the following plays :— ' Under the GasUght ' (1866), ' The Red Scarf (1868), 'A Flash of Lightning' (1868), 'Divorce' (1871), 'Horizon' (1871), 'Madeline Morel' (1873), 'Pique' (1875), ' The Dark City ' (1877), and ' Tiote ' (1880). The following is a list of his adaptations of plays and novels:— 'Leah the Forsaken' (1862), 'Lorlie's Wedding' (1864), 'Taming a Butterfly' (with Frank Wood, 1865), •Griffith Gaunt' (1866), 'Norwood' (with J. W. Howard, jun., 1867), ' The Pickwick Papers' (1S68), 'Frou-Frou' (1870), 'Man and Wife ' (1870), ' No Name' (1871), ' Article '47, (1872), ' Round the Clock ' (1872), 'Roughing It' (1872), 'Alixe' (1873), 'Fol- line ' (1874), ' Monsieur Alphonse ' (1874), 'What Could She Do? or, Jealousy' (1874). 'The Big Bonanza' (1875), 'Come Here' (1876), 'Life' (1876), 'Lemons' (1877), 'An Arabian Night' (1879), 'The Way we Live' (ISSO), 'Needles and Pins' (1880), 'Zamina' (1881), ' Quits ' (1881), ' Royal Youth ' (1881), ' The Passing Regiment ' (1881), ' Odette ' (1882), ' Our Enghsh Friend ' (1882), 'Seven- Twenty-Eight' ['Casting the Boomerang'] (1883), 'Dollars and Sense' (1883), 'Red- Letter Nights' (1884), 'A Wooden Spoon" (1884), ' Love on Crutches ' (1884), ' A Night Off' (1885), 'Denise' (1885), 'A Sudden Shower' (1886), 'Nancy and Co.' (1886), •After Business Hours' (1886), 'Love in Harness' (1886), 'The Railroad of Love' (1887), ' The Lottery of Love ' (1888), ' An . International Match' (1889), 'Samson and Dalilah ' (1889), ' The Golden Widow ' (1889), 'The Great Unknown' (1889), 'The Last. Word' (1890), 'The Prodigal Son' (1891), 'Love in Tandem' (1892), 'Little Miss Million' (1892). Daly also adapted 'The Relapse' (q.v.) under the name of 'Miss Hoyden's Husband' (q-v.). Daly's chief. Shakespeare revivals were as follows:— ' The Merry Wives of Windsor ' (1886), ' The Taming of the Shrew' (1887), ' A Midsummer Night's Dream' (1888), 'As You Like If (1889), 'Love's Labours Lost' (1891), and 'Twelfth Night' (1893). His most notable reproductions of "old English" comed\ ■were- 'She Would and She Would Not (1883), 'The Country Girl' (1884), 'The Re cruiting Officer' (1885), 'The Inconstant (1889), ' The School for Scandal ' (1891), anc ' The Belle's Stratagem ' (1893). Daly, Dr. The vicar in Gilbert an( Sullivan's ' Sorcerer' (q.v.). Daly, Ellen. See Phillips, Fuede RICK. Daly, John [real name, Besemeres; Dramatic writer ; author of the followin; pieces :— ' Broken Toys ' (1850), ' Young Hu.' bands ' (1852), ' The Times ' (1853), ' Old Salt (1868), ' A Roving Commission ' (1869), 'D(, theboys Hall' (1871), ' Marriage Lines' (187S, ' Forget and Forgive ' (1874). , Daly, Kyrle, the hero of Boucicault- ' Colleen Bawn' (q.v.), figures also in oth. adaptations and burlesques of Griflin story. Daly, Mrs. See Barsanti, Miss. Daly, Richard. Actor and theatric manager, died 1813 ; educated at Trim: College, Dublin ; received instruction in ac ing from Macklin, and was seen at Cove' Garden as Othello. After experience as player in Cork and Dublin, he made wealthy marriage, and in 1781 became less and director of the Smock Alley Theatre the last-named city. To this he afterwar added the direction of the Crow Strt Theatre and the Theatre Royal. Daly's Theatre. See London Ti ATRES and New York The.4.tres. I DAM 373 DANBY Dam, Henry J. "W. Dramatic and miscellaneous writer ; author of ' Diamond Deane' (1891) and 'Prince Karatoff' ['The Silver Shell'] (1892) ; also, of the libretti of ' The Shop Girl ' (189i) and ' The Coquette ' (1899). See KlXG of Fools, A. Damas, Colonel, in Lytton's 'Lady of Lyons' (q.v.). Dame aux Camelias (Lia). A drama in live acts, by A. Dumas ///*• (Vaudeville, Paris, February 2, 1852), performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, June 11, 1881. An English version of it was played at the ; Lyceum Theatre in July, 1858, with Mrs. Charles Young (Mrs. Hermann Vezin) in the title part. See Camille, Heartsease, Lady OF THE Camelias, and Traviata, La. Dame Blanche (La). See White Lady, The. Dame de Pique (La). See Queen of Spades. Dame de St. Tropez (La). A drama in three acts, by James Barber, first per- formed at the Olympic Tlieatre, London, March 4, 1845, with Miss Davenport in the title part {Hortense). See Isle OF St. Tropez. Dame Dobson; or. The Cunning- ,'Wom.an. A comedy by E. Kavenscroi't, translated from ' La Divineresse ; ou, Les faux Enchanteniens,' and acted at the fDuke's Theatre (probably in 1G8.3), with Mrs. JCorey as the Dame, and other parts by iMountfort (IleartuwU), Kynaston, Leigh, Lady Slingsby, r^Irs. Leigh, etc. Dame Trot. A pantomime by G. H. George, Oriental Theatre, London, Decem- oer 24, 1870. Dames de la Halle (Les) (Ambigu Co- nique, Paris, 1852). See Chain of Events, A ; iffQUNDLINGS, TlIE ; LOST HUSBAND, THR ; ind Queen of the Market. Damnation of Faust (The). A dra- natic legend, in four acts and an epilogue ; nusic by Hector Berlioz ; adapted to the SngUsh stage by T. H. Friend, and per- ormed at the Court Theatre, Liverpool, 'ebruary 3, 1804. Damnation ; or. Hissing- Hot. An iterlude by Charles Stuart, performed t the Hay market Theatre in 1781. Damocles, the Syi-acnsan, in Edward Howard's ' Usurper' iq.v.), is intended for Oliver Cromwell. Damoiselle (The); or, The New •rdinary. A comedy by Richard Brome '■v.), printed in 1653. Damoiselles a-la-mode (The). A )medy by R. Flecknoe (g.v.), adapted cm Moliere's ' Precieuses Ridicules,' ' Ecole 3s Femraes,' and ' Ecole des Maris ; ' printed 1667. Damon and Phillida. See Love in a lODLE. Damon and Pythias. The chief cha- racters in several dramatic pieces :— (1) A ' most excellent Comedie of two the moste faithfullest Freendes Damon and Pythias . . . showed before the Queenes Majestie by the children of her Grace's chappel . . . made by Maister Edwards, then beynge maister of the children ; ' printed in 1571, and included in Dodsley's ' Old Plays.' (2) 'Damon and Pythias:' a play by'HENRY Chettle (q.v.), acted in 1599. " This was probably an alteration of the foregoing piece." (3) 'Damon and Pythias:' a play by John Banim (g.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on May 28, 1821, with Mac- ready as Damon, C. Kemble as Pythias, Abbot as Dionysius, Miss Dance as Calanthe (in love with Pythias), Miss Foote as Her- mion (wife to Damon), etc. " Dionysius con- demns Damon to death. Pythias requests Dionysius to set Damon at liberty for some few hours, that he may go and see his wife and child, who are in the country. Pythias offers to remain in prison as a pledge for Damon's return. Damon, but not by his own fault, does not return till Pythias has been brought to the scaffold. Dionysius pardons Damon" (Genest). The play was revived at Sadler's Wells Theatre in Decem- ber, 1846, with Phelps as Damon, Creswick as Pythias, and G. Bennett as Dionysius; at Manchester in 1S47-8, with Harry Sullivan as Damon; at the Marylebone Theatre in 1848 ; at t lie Surrey Theatre in 1365, with J. Anderson and J. Fernandez in the title parts ; of late years, in the English provinces, with Ednmnd Tearle as Damon and Edwin Lever as Pythias. (4) A farce by J. B. BucKSTONE iq.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, cm December 19, 1831, with Hemmings and Yates in the title parts, and other rdles by Buckstone and Mrs. Fitzwilliam. Damp Beds. A comedietta by Tom Parry, Strand Theatre, London, May, 1832. Dampier, Alfred. Actor and the- atrical manager ; made his professional debut at Stratford-on-Avon as the Player King in ' Hamlet.' After much provincial experience he went in 1873 to Australia, with which he remained long connected as player and entrepreneur, besides "starring" in America, Canada, and England (notably at the Surrey Theatre). Dampit. A character in Middleton's ' Trick to Catch the Old One ' {q.v.). Dan. The name of characters in COL- MA.N's 'John Bull' iq.v.), 'The King of the Merrows ' {q.v.), and Boucicault's ' Street!? o' London ' {q.v.). "Danae, in a brazen tower."— Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Valentinian ' (song). Danby, Charles. Actor, born 1S57; made his London debut at the Strand The- atre in September, 1887, as Captain Sneak in ' The Sultan of Mocha ' {q.v.). He was in the original casts of ' Ruy Bias, or the Blase Roue • (1S89), ' Joan of Arc ' (1891), ' Morocco I DANCE 374 DANDY DICK WHITTINGTOX Boimd' (1S93), 'King Kodak' (1S94), 'The Lady Slavey ' (1894), 'Baron Golosh' (1895), etc. Dance, Charles. Dramatic writer, born 1794, died 1863 ; son of an architect ; held successive offices in the Insolvent Debtors' Court, London. The following is a list of his principal dramatic pieces, all of ■which see : — ' Advice Gratis,' ' Alive and Merry,' 'The Bengal Tiger,' ' Beulah Spa,' ' Blue Beard,' ' Burlington Arcade,' ' The Country Squire,' ' Delicate Ground,' ' A Dream of the Future,' ' The Dustman's Belle,' ' Izaak Walton,' ' Lucky Stars,' ' Marriage a Lottery,' ' A Match in the Dark,' 'The Morning Call,' 'Naval Engage- ments,' 'Olympic Revels,' 'The Paphian Bower,' 'Petticoat Government,' 'Pleasant Dreams,' 'Puss in Boots,' 'Sons and Sys- tems,' 'The Stock Exchange,' ' Telemachus,' ' The Victor Vanquished,' ' The Water Party, 'AVho Speaks First?' and 'A Wonderful Woman.' Dance, George. Dramatic writer ; author of 'Oliver Grumble' (1886). 'The Barmaid' (1891), ' Ma Mie Rosette,' libretto (1892), 'A Modern Don Quixote' (1893), • The Lady Slavey ' (1893), ' The Gay Pari- sienne ' (1894), ' Buttercup and Daisy ' (1895), •Lord Tom Noddy' (1896), 'The New Mephisto ' (1897), ' The Gay Grisette' (1898), * A Chinese Honeymoon ' (1899), ' The Ladies' Paradise,' ' The West End,' etc. ; also, co- author, with F. Desprez, of 'The Nautch Girl ' (1891). Dance, James. Actor and playwright, born 1722, died 1774 ; son of a surveyor and architect ; educated at Merchant Taylors' and Oxford ; assumed the name of "Love," and published in 1742 a play called ' Pamela ' (q.v.) ; also wrote pantomimes entitled ' The AVitches' (1762), 'The Rites of Hecate' (1764), and 'The Hermit' (1767), besides publishing adaptations of ' Timon of Athens ' (J 768), ' Rule a Wife and Have a Wife,' and 'The City Madam' (1771). He was known as an actor in Dublin and in Edinburgh, where he was also a theatrical manager. In 1762 he appeared at Drury Lane. Later, he built a theatre at Richmond, Surrey. Dancer, Jolin [temp. Charles II.], pub- lished English translations of Corneille's ' Nicom Jasper, S. Valen- tine as Haines, Fuller Mellish as Geoffrey, J. Cross as Marple, Miss Nancy Mackin- tosh as Dorothy, etc. See Dan'l Tra- duced. Dan'l Tra-Duced, Tinker. A bur- lesque by Arthur Clements of ' Dan'l Druce, Blacksmith ' (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on November 27, 1876, with J. G. Taylor as Dan'l, Miss Lottie Venue as Dolly, C. D. Marius as Geoffrey, H. Cox as Rude-in- Paynes, and W. S. Penley as Sir Ivory Comb. Dante. An " idyll " by G. H. R. Dabbs and Edward Righton, first performed at St. George's Hall, London, July 10, 1893, with H. Vezin as Dante, Miss Laura John- son as the Spirit of Beatrice, etc. (2) A play in a prologue and four acts, rendered into English by Laurence Irving from the French of Victorien Sardou and Emile Moreau ; Lyceum Theatre, London, April 30, 1903, with Henry Irving as Dante, Miss Lena Ashwell as Pia del Tolomei a,nd Gemma (her daughter), :Miss Wallis as the Abbess, Mdme. Lilian Eldee as Francesca da Rimini, Miss Nora Lancaster as the Spirit of Beatrice, W. Mollison as Cardinal Colonna, etc. (3) A play in four acts, by Alfred C. Calmour, Queen's Theatre, Manchester, June 15, 1903, with H. Cooper-CUffe as Dante, and Mdme. L. Eldee as Beatrice; Coronet Theatre, London, September, 1903. Dantes, Edmond. The hero of the various adaptations of ' Monte Cristo ' (q.v). Danvers, Edwin. Actor; wastheori^- nal representative of the following(andother) characters: — The Goat in Byron's 'Esme- ralda' (1861), Scampa in W. Brough's 'Ernani ' (1865), Dame Hatley in Burnand's ' Black-Ey'd Susan ' (1866), Devihhoof in Gilbert's 'Merry Zingara' (1868), Nurse. Margery in Burnand's ' Beast and the' Beauty' (1869), and Von Schlachemtein ini Gilbert's ' Gentleman in Black ' (lb70). Danvers, H. Dramatic writer ; authoi' of ' A Conjugal Lesson' (g.i'.) and ' A Fasci-: nating Individual' (q.v.). Daphne. A play by Margueriti Merington, performed in the United States' Daphne and Amintor. See Oracle. The. Daphne, in O'Hara's 'Midas' (q.v.y figures as the favourite of Pol (or Apollo]' (8) In Gilbert's ' Pygmalion and Galatea, Daphne is the wife oi" Chrysos (q.v.). Daphnis. A character in Beaumon:.' and Fletcher's ' Faithful Shepherdess (q.i:). Dapper. (1) A lawyer's clerk in Jo>; SON'S ' Alchemist ' (q.v.). (2) A stockbrokei in Murphy's ' Citizen' (q.v.).— Sir Davy a.n Jack Dapper are father and son in MIDDLE' TON'S ' Roaring Girl' (q.v.). Dapperwit. (1) A "brisk, conceite fellow " in Wycherley's (q.v.). (2) A character ' Rape of the Lock ' (g.r.). Daran. A character 'Exile' (q.v.). Darby and Joan. A duologue I Henry Bellingham and William Bes Terry's Theatre, London, February 1 I Love in a Woor in Oxenford Reynolds is 5; ii: DARBY 377 DARLEY Darby. A character in O'Keefe'S * Poor Soldier ' (q.v.). Darby, Mary. See Robinson, Mrs. Dard. A character in Charles Reade's « Double Marriage '(g.u.) and CyrilTurner'S MVhite Lies' (q.v.). Dare-devil (The). A drama in four acts, by Arthur Shirley and Herbertt Leonard, performed ("for copyright pur- poses") at the Prince's, Portsmouth, Oc- tober 19, 1S94. See Queen's Dare-devil Dick- Horse, The. Dare-devil Max. A melodrama in four acts, by W. A. Brabner, Theatre Metropole, London, December 11, 1899, with Murray Carson in the title part. Daring- Dick, the Detective. A ?lay by J. J. M'Closkey, performed at New 'ork in 1870. Darius. King of Persia, and the hero of the following dramatic works : — (1) ' A Pretie new Enterlude, both pithie and plea- saunt, of the .Story of Kyng Daryus, being taken out of the thyrd and fourth Chapter of the thyrd Booke of Esdras,' and printed in 1,^0.5. (2) 'Darius:' a tragedy by Sir William Alexander, Earl of Stirling (7. v.), printed in 1603, and described by the author as "the first essay of my rude and unskilfull Muse in a tragicall poem." (3) ' Darius, King of Persia : ' a tragedy by J. CRO^v^E iq.v.), acted by "their majesties servants" at the Theatre Royal in 1688. For the plot, 8ee Genest. Dark City (The). A play in five acts, by Augustin Daly, founded "remotely" on ' Les Compagnons de la Truelle,' and first performed in New York, September 4, 1877, with a cast including yi. Barrymore, C. Fisher, J. B. Studley, J. Lewis, W. Davidge, J. Drew, Miss A. Dyas, Miss E. Eigl, Mrs. Gilbert, etc. Dark Cloud (The). A play by Arthur Sketch LEY (7. v.), tirst performed on January 3, 1863, at the St. James's Theatre, London, with Arthur Stirling as Philip Austin. Dark Continent (The). A drama in five acts, by Frederick Mouillot and H. H. MORELL, tirst performed at Barnsley in June, 1891 ; produced at the Grand Theatre, Islington, on October 10, 1892 ; first oerformed in America at San Francisco in May, 1893 ; also, as ' The Heart of Africa ' it Kansas City (November, 1893). Dark Days. A drama in five acts, -dapted by J. Comyns Carr {q.v.) from F. •'argus's romance of the same name, and irst performed at the Havmarket Theatre n September 26, 1885, with M. Barrymore s Basil North, II. Beerbohm Tree as Sir lervyn Ferrand, Miss Lingard as Philippa 'Ctjarge, and R. Pateman', C. Sugden, Miss .ydiaFoote, and Miss Helen Forsyth in other arts ; played in the English provinces with Miss Florence West (Phillj^pa), Lewis Waller Louis Calvert, etc., in the cast. Dark Days in a Cupboard. A comedietta by Stirling Coyne (q.v.), Adelphi Theatre, London, December 29* 1864. Dark Deeds. A drama in four acts, adapted from Miss Braddon's novel, 'The Trail of the Serpent,' by May Holt (Mrs. Fairbairn) ; first performed at Belfast, under the title of ' Jabez North ; ' and produced as ' Dark Deeds ' at the Philharmonic Theatre, London, on March 11, 1882. Dark Glen of BallyfoiU (The). A play by Edward Stirling (q.v.). Dark Nigrht's Bridal (A). A poetical comedy in one act, founded by Robert Buchanan on a prose sketch by R. L. Stevenson, and first performed at the Yaude- ville Tlieatre, London, April 9, 1887, with Fuller Mellish and Miss K. Rorke as hero and heroine. Dark Nig-ht's Work (A). (1) A drama in three acts, adapted by Dion Boucicault (q.v.) from Scribe's 'Giralda' (q.r.), and first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on March 7, 1870, with Herbert Standing as Manuel, W. Rignold as the Kinp of Spain, Miss Emma Barnett as the Queen, Miss Rose Leclercq as Paquita, etc. (2) A play by H. N. AYrigiit. Dark Past (The). A melodrama in four acts, by Frank Price, Theatre Royal, Barnsley, October 23, 1890. Dark Secret (A). A drama, in a pro- logue and four acts, founded on Sheridan le Fanu's story, ' Uncle Silas,' by John Doug- lass and .Tames Willing, jun., and first performed at the Standard Theatre, London, on October 28, 1S86 ; produced in U S.A. in 1887 ; revived at the Princess's Theatre, November, 1895. See Uncle Silas. Dark Side of the G-reat Metropolis (The). A drama in three acts, by \V. Travers (q.v.), Britannia Theatre, London, May 11, 1868. See Darkest London. Darkest London. A drama in five acts, by Butler Stanhope, Birkenhead, April 4, 1891. See Dark Side of the Great Metropolis. Darkest Bussia. See Red Double. Darkness Visible. A farce in two acts, by Theodore Hook, first performed at the Haymarket on September 23, 1811. Darley, Georg-e. Poet and prose- writer, born in Dublin, 1795, died 1846; author of three dramatic poems — ' Sylvia ; or, The May Queen' (1829), 'Thomas ii Becket ' (1840), and ' Ethelstan, King of Wessex' (1841); author, also, of criticisms of the drama and the stage in the ' London Magazine' and 'Athenaeum.' He super- vised an edition of the plays of Beaumont and Fletcher (1840), for wliich he wrote a DARLING 378 DAUGHTER OF THE REVOLUTION critical introduction. See the memoir by J. H. Ingram prefixed to the 1892 edition of 'Sylvia.' Darling-, Grace. See Grace Darling and Wreck at Sea. Darlingrton's Widows. See My Mother. Darnay, Charles, figures in all the dramatizations of ' A Tale of Two Cities ' iq.v.). Darnley, J. H. Actor and playwright ; made his debut in the former capacity at Liverpool in 1879. His first appearance in London was at Astley's in 1880, as Beauiish in 'Arrah-na-Pogue.' He was the original representative of Ca-ptaiii Salem in ' The Bells of Haslemere ' {q.v.) and Arthtir Max- well in 'The Barrister' (q.v.). He has written the following dramatic pieces:— 'Wanted, a Wife' (1890), 'The Solicitor' (1890), ' Mrs. Dexter ' (1891), ' Facing the Music' (1899), 'Oh! Society' (1900); also, with George Manville Fenn (q.v.), 'The Barrister' (1SS7), 'The Balloon' (l&sS), and ' A Wife's Devotion ' (1889), and, with H. Bruce, ' Shadows on the Blind ' (1897) and ' On Guy Fawkes Day ' (1897). Darnley, Lord, figures in T. E. Wilks' 'Lord Darnley' (q.v.), in 'Mary Queen of Scots' iq.v.), etc. There is also a Lord Darnley in ' The Field of the Cloth of Gold ' (q.v.). Darnley, The House of. See House OF Darnley, The. Darnley; or, The Keep on the Castle Hill. A drama in two acts, by T. Egerton Wilks (q.v.). Dartle, Rosa, figures in various adap- tations of 'David Copperfield' (q.v.). Dartmoor. See Dick Venables. Darville, George. See George Dar- VILLE. Daryl, Sidney. The hero of Robert- son's ' Society ' (q.v.). Dash (The) ; or, Who but He ? A musical farce in two acts, words by Francis Lathom, music by Reeve, performed at Drury Lane on October 20, 1804. Dash, Captain. A character in the farce ' At Hume ' (^.r.). (2) Scd Vash is a character in Macready'S 'Bank-Note '(g. v.). Dash for Freedom. (A). A drama in five acts, by George Roy, Olympic Theatre, London, November 29, ISSI. Dashaway, Charlotte. Ward of Lord Bromville in T. Hook's ' Soldier's Re- turn' (q.v.). Dashington, Mrs. See Belles with- out Beaux. Dashwell. One of the husbands in Ravenscroft'S ' London Cuckolds' (q.v.). Da'shwould, in INIurphy's ' Know your own Mind' (q.v.), was intended for Foote. Daubigny, Delacour. The nam de guerre used by G. R. Sims in connection with ' The Girl I left Behind Me' (q.v.). Daughter (The). (1) A play in five acts, by Sheridan Knowles, performed at Drury Lane in 1836, with Miss Huddart in the title part (Marian), the author as her father, and other roles by Cooper, Warde, Diddear, Brindal, etc. (2) A drama in one act, by Thomas HAYNESBAYLY(r/.L-.),foundefl on 'La Lectrice' of Scribe, and performed in 1836, with Mrs. Hooper, Frank Matthews, James Vining, and Keeley (F itzf addle). Daughter-in-Law, My. See My Daughter-in-Law. Daughter of Eve (A). A drama in three acts, by Paul Meritt (q.v.), first per-' formed at the Prince of W^ales's Theatre,: Birmingham, in July 30, 1877. See Daugh-' TERS OF Eve. Daughter of France (A). See Roll OF THE Drum. Daughter of Ireland (A). A play performed at the Standard Theatre, New • York, in October, 1886, with R. C. Hilliard and Miss G, Cay van in leading parts. Daughter of Ishmael (A). See Living Dead, The. Daughter of the Danube (The). An extravaganza by W". R. Osman, Holborn Theatre, London, March 3, 1873. Daughter of the Nile (The). A pla\ by Laura Don (gy.); produced in 1887 a?' ' Egypt,' with Miss Ettie Ellsler in the chief role. ; Daughter of the People (The), i^. drama in five acts, adapted by FranKi Harvey from the French, and first per-i formed at South Shields, February 16, 1891 produced at the Grand Theatre, Islington.^ June 29, 1891. Daughter of the Regiment (The) (1) A drama in two acts, adapted by Ed WARD FiTZBALL (q.v.) from the libretto o' ' La Fille du Regiment,' and performed a ■ Drury Lane Theatre, May 28, 1844, witl' Mrs. Stirling in the title part (Madelaine)- (2) Donizetti's opera was produced, Mitl an English libretto by Fitzball, at th. Surrey Theatre on December 21, 1847. (3 The opera was produced, with an Englis!' libretto by Oscar Weil, at the Prince': Theatre, Bristol, on October 13, 1830. Se.' Josephine. ; Daughter of the Revolution (The) A comic opera, words by J. Cheeve] Goodwin and music by Ludwig Englandei first presented under this title at Broad way Theatre, New York, on May 27, lS9f with Miss Camille D'Arville as the heroine L. Hallam Mostyn as General Grumm, am Miss Sidney Worth as the general's wife " George Washineton is a subordinate figur' in the piece " The original work was firs performed in 1S76, the book being by Lei Goldmark. DAUGHTER OF THE STARS 379 DAVENPORT Daughter of the Stars (The). A drama in two acts, by Shirley Brooks {q.v.\ first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on August 5, 1850. Daughter of the Tumbrils (The). 4 plav in one act, by Walter E. Grogan, West "Theatre, Albert HaU, May 17, 1897. Daug-hter to Marry (A). A one-act comedy by J. R. Pla.nche (q.v.), performed at the Haymarket Theatre in 1828, Avith Vining as Vivid, and Mrs. Waylett as Mary ; revived at the Olympic Theatre in 1832-3. Daughter's Honour (A). A domestic drama in four acts, by Benjamin Landeck and Arthur Shirley, Surrey Theatre, London, December 17, 1894. Daughter's Secret (A). A drama in two acts, by Ge()ju;e Peel, Britannia Theatre, Loudon, February 26, 1874, Daughter's Trial (A). See Henry Dunbar. Daughters. A farcical comedy in three acts, by T. G. Warren {q.v.) and Willie Edguin {q.v.), Theatre Royal, Portsmouth, June 30, 1890. Daughters of Babylon (The). A play in four acts, by Wilson Barrett, produced at the Lyric Theatre, London, February 6, 1897, -with the author as L>niiucl, Vliss M. Jeffries as Ulna, F. McLeay as Jediah, Ambrose Manning as Alorus, Miss Lily Hanbury as Jilcia, and other parts by Vliss D. Belmore, Miss C. Collier, A. Bry- lone, E. Irwin, etc. Daughters of Eve (The). A play by i. E. Lancaster and J. Magnus, performed n the United States. See Daughter of iVE, A. Daughters of the Poor. A comedy- '.rama in four acts, by Scott Marble, first lerformed at the Adelplii Theatre, Chicago, )ctober 9. 1898. Dauncey, Sylvanus. Dramatic riter, l)orn 1864 ; author of ' A Divided )uty ' [' A :Month after Date '] (1885), Charity's Cloak' (1891), 'Love at Home,' dapted (1891), 'The Reckoning' (1891). ee Day, G. D. Davmtless, Richard. A sailor in ilbert and Sullivan's 'Ruddigore' ■.p.). Dauvray, Helen. Actress ; appeared 1 New York in 1SS7 as Stella Vandyke in ronson Howard's ' Met by Chance,' as ell as Constance in ' The Love Chase ' and 'eg Woffington in ' Masks and Faces.' She as seen in London in 1892 as Suzanne in ^ Scrap of Paper ' {q.v.). Davenant, Lord and Lady, in Cum- 2RLAND's ' Mysterious Husband' {q.v.). Davenport, in Lamb's 'Pawnbroker's aughter' (^.i-.), is in love with Marian. ;) There is a Davenport in 'The British ^gion'(3.u.). Davenport. Actor, died March, 1814 ; married, about 1787, Mary Ann Harvey [see Davenport, Mrs. M. A.]. In Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography ' (1825) we read that, " though unequal to characters of first-rate importance," he "perhaps had few equals in parts of a rough but manly nature, such as Rogue (' Mountaineers '), Sulky, etc. He was a good speaker, and a useful member of the Covent Garden company, which he left, in consequence of ill health', in 1812." Davenport, Adolphus [real ^name, Hoyt]. Actor, born in Connecticut, 1828 ; died in New Orleans, 1S73 ; made his debut at the Baltimore Museum in 1S4S, but soon after, in obedience to parental pressure, left the stage to study the law. Eventuallv, however, he returned to tlie boards, and in 1853 played small parts at the old Broadway, New York. While at this theatre he married Miss Lizzie Weston [see Mathews, Mrs. Charles James]. With her he starred for a time, and then came engagements at Phila- delphia (1853-56), New York (1859), etc. In 1872 Davenport was manager of the Mobile Theatre. Davenport Brothers and Co. A farce by Edgar Pemberton, Theatre Royal, Birmingham, April 24, 1879. Davenport Done. A comedietta by Captain Colo.mb. Davenport, Edward Iioomis. Actor, born at Boston, U.S.A., in 1S16 ; died Sep- tember, 1877 ; made his professional debut at Providence, Rhode Island, in 1836, as Pantoyl Willdo in 'A New Way to Pay Old Debts.' After this came an engagement at the Tremont Theatre, which was by-and-by followed (in 1846) by appearances at the Park Tlieatre, New York, as Jiomeo, Bene- dick, Fazio, St. Pierre, and so forth. In the following year he was the original represen- tative of Armand in Mrs. Mowatt's plav so named (7.1-.). In December, 1S47, he and Mrs. Mowatt made their English debut at Manchester, and in January, 1848, their London debut at the Princess's. During the next six or seven years he was seen in England as Othello, Richard III., Sir Giles Overreach, St. Pierre, Rob Roy, the Corsi- can Brothers, Claude Melnotte, William in ' Black-Eyed Susan,' Adam Trueman in ' Fashion,' and other parts. In August, 1854, lie returned to America, and for a time starred in such pieces as ' The Egyptian,' ' Francesca da Rimini,' ' Calaynos,' etc. In 1856 he played Hamlet at Burton's, New Yoi-k. In 1857 he became joint-lessee of the American Theatre, New York ; in 1859 he undertook the management of the Havard Athenaeum, Boston; in 1S65 he was joint- lessee of the old Washington Theatre ; and in 1870-72 he was lessee of the Chestnut Street Theatre, Philadelphia. Among his subsequent roles were Bill Sikes, Sir Lucius O'Trigger, Captain Uatcksley, Edmond Dantes, Prospero, Brutus in 'Julius Cfesar,' Dan'l Druce, and Edgar in ' King Lear.' He was last seen in New York in 1876 ; his last public appearance was at Cumberland, DAVENPORT DAVENPORT Maryland, in April, 1877. " Hamlet," writes Xiaurence Hutton, " -vvas not Mr. Daven- port's greatest part; his Sir Giles Overreach, his Bill Sikes, his Brutus, and his William in ' Black-Eyed Susan ' were as fine as his Hamlet, if not finer ; nevertheless, it was a singularly complete conception of the cha- racter—scholarly, finished, and profound" (' Curiosities of the American Stage ')• See •Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and America ' and ' ^Memories of Daly's Theatres' (1S97).— Mrs. E. L. Davenport {Fannv Elizabeth Vining] was born in liOndon, 1S29. She was the daughter of Fi-ederick Vining {q.v.), and made her d6but as an adult actress in 1S47, when «he plaved Juliet to the Romeo of G. V. Broo"ke. She married Davenport in January, 1849. Her first appearance in America was made at the Broadway The- atre, New York, in September, 1854, as Margaret Elmore in 'Love's Sacrifice' (g.r.). Davenport, Fanny. Actress, born in London in 1850, died 1898 ; daughter of E. L. Davenport iq.v.) ; first appeared on the stage at Boston, U.S.A., as the child in ♦Metamora,' after which she undertook a number of such juvenile parts. She was seen at Niblo's, New York, in 1S62, as the King of Spain in 'Faint Heart never won Fair Lady.' From 1S(J9 to 1S77 she was a member of Augustin Daly's company at the successive Fifth Avenue Theatres and else- where. During this period she was the first representative of Blanche in Daly's 'Man and Wife,' Effie Remington in 'Sara- toga,' Mrs. Wragge in Daly's ' No Name,' I/OM. in' Divorce, 'i?aro?ies5(/eJ/'trac in Daly's ■'Article 47,' Nellie Wyckoff in 'Diamonds,' Marquise de Ceseranne in ' Alixe,' Merope in ' Madeline :Morel,' Kitty in ' Fortune,' Aglare in ' Folline,' Mdme. Guichard in Daly's 'Monsieur Alphonse,'^eH Van Rensse- laer in ' Moorcroft,' Eugenia in ' The Big 'Bona.nzB.,' Mabel Renfrew in 'Pique,' Estie in ' Blue Glass,' the Duchess in ' The Ameri- can,' and Mary in ' Lemons.' She was also the first representative in America of Con- stance Howard in 'False Shame; or, New Year's Eve,' Ruth Tredgett in ' Charity,' Mary Melrose in ' Our Boys,' Helen in ' Weak Woman,' etc. Among her other roles were Ophelia, Rosalind, Rosaline in ' Love's Labour's Lost,' Mrs. Ford in ' The Merry Wives,' Maria in 'Twelfth Night,' Lady Townley in ' The Provoked Husband,' Miss Richland in 'The Good-natured Man,' Violetta in ' She Would and She Would Not,' Lad]/ Mary in ' Wives as they Were,' Letitia in ' "The Belle's Stratagem,' Bizarre in 'The Inconstant,' Lady Teazle, Tilburina, Julia in 'The Hunchback,' Ladv Franklin in • ]SIoney,' Pauline Deschapelles, Lady Gay Spanker, Lady Alice in ' Old Heads and Young Hearts,' Madge Wildfire in Bouci- cault's 'Heart of Midlothian,' Rosie in *Play,' Polly in 'Caste,' Peg Woffington in ' Masks and Faces,' etc. She was seen in London in 1882 as the heroine of ' Diane ' an " old woman's" part, in which she mad a gi-eat success), she was engaged fo Covent Garden in September, 1794, openin. as Mrs. Hardcastle, and being seen ther afterwards as the yxirse in 'Romeo aui Juliet,' Dame Quickly (in 'Henry IV. Par I.' and ' The Merry ^^'ives'), Mrs. Peachum and Mrs. Malaiy)-up. At the Haymarket in 1797, she was the original representativ ■ of Deborah Dowlas in 'The Heir at Law' {,q.v.). At Covent Garden she was the firs, to impersonate Dame Ashfield in 'Speed th' Plough' (q.v.). Another of her original parts there was that of M7-s. Brulgrudder, in 'John Bull' {q.v.). In the 1803-4 seaso:' at Covent Garden she played Dame Quickl, (in ' Henry IV. Part II.' and ' Henrv V.'), am in that of 1813-14 Mrs. Heidelberg. He connection with Covent Garden extender altogether over thirty-six years. She diei in 1843. " She had," says IJoaden, " a ver. acute perception of comic humour, and j strength and earnestness that always carrie'' the dialogue home." In 1825 it was writte:: of her : " She never oversteps the modest, of nature ; her Nurse, Mrs. Heidelberg, Mrt Bundle, Aladdin's mother, Alice (' Castl, Spectre '), are all exquisite and faultless. . . • Mrs. Davenport's versatility is wonderful^ . . . We have her asserting her clairr and overcoming all rivalry, in the vulga. loquacity of the would-be youthful Mr. Hardcastle; the oglings of the antiquatC' virgin, Miss Durable ; the imbecility of fou; score in 3Irs. Nicely; the warm-hearte cottager in ' Lovers' Vows ; ' the attempte elegancies of M7-s. Dowlas; the fier; humoured Dame Quickly, and tlie obtu^ intellect of Deborah " (Oxberry's ' Theatric; Biography '). See, also, Genest, and ' Tt' Thespian"Dictionary.' Davenport, Rev. Griffith. SeeKK" Griffith Davenport. DAVENPORT DAVIDGE Davenport, Robert. Dramatic writer ; author of ' A New Trick to Cheat the Devil ' (1639), ' Kin^ John and :Matilda ' (1655), 'The City Night-cap' (1661\ 'The Fatal Brothers,' ' The Pedlar,' ' The Pirate,' 'The Politic Queen,' and, with Thomas Drue (q.v.), 'The Woman's Mistaken,' all of which see. A play, or plays, entitled 'Henry I. and Henry II.' (g.v.), will be found attributed, in the book of the Sta- tioners' Company, to Shakespeare and Davenport. Davenport, T. D. Theatrical manager, born 1792, died 1851 ; the original, it is believed, of Dickens's Vincent Crummies. I Davey, E.ich.arcl. Dramatic ,tnd mis- icellaneous writer ; author of the following plays :— ' Paul and Virginia' (1886), * Marion de Lorme' (1887), ' Lesbia' (1S88), and, with •\V. H. Pollock (q.v.\ 'A Shadow Hunt' 1891) and ' St. Ronan's Well ' (1893). I David. A play in four acts, by Louis ;S. Parker and Murray Carson, first per- lormed at the Garrick Tlieatre, London, on 'S^ovember 7, 1892, with Herbert Waring as David da Silva, and other parts by Alfred .ucklaw, Murray Carson, Miss Kate Bate- laii, and Miss Estelle Burney. David and Absalom, a tragedy in ive acts, by Bishop Bale, is among the itowe MSS. I David and Bethsabe. A play by George Peele, written between 1579 and ■598. David and Goliath.. A drama in five arts, by Hannah More, published in 1782. David Copperfield. There have been 3veral dramatizations of the well-known ovel by Dickens : — (1) A play in three acts, ntitled ' Born with a Caul,' and produced t the Strand Theatre in October, 1850, with . Johnstone as Peggotty, Turner as Micaw- .'-r, H. Butler as David. G. Almar as The 'nknown, etc. (2) A play brought out at ,ie Surrey Theatre, London, on November 1850. (3) A play performed at the Standard i heatre, London, in Noveniber, 1850. (4) ! drama in three acts, by John Brougham I .v.), produced at Brougham's Lyceum heatre, New York, on January 6, 1851. I ith the adapter as Micau-bcr, his wife as 'ara Peggotty, and John Owens as Uriah eep. (5) An American dramatization of .e novel (in two acts), seen at the Grecian leatre, London, on October 3, 1870. ttee, 50, Deal Boatman, Em'ly. and Little H'LT. David Garrick. A play in three acts, T. W. Robertson (q.v.), adapted from De elesville's ' Sullivan,' and first performed the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Birming- ra, in April, 1864, with E. A. Sothern in s title part. Miss Edith Stuart as Ada got, Bellair as Simon Ingot, G. K. Maskell Squire Chivy; performed at the Hay- -rket Theatre, London, on April 30, 1864, th E. A. Sothern in the title part, J. B. ckstone as Squire Chivy, W. H. Chippen- dale as Ingot, Miss Nelly Moore as Ada^ Rogers as Smith, Clark as Jones, Mrs. Chippendale as Mrs. Sjnith, Mrs. Fitz- william as Araminta Broiun. " This play," said a note on the original playbill, "is founded on an incident said to" have oc- curred to Garrick, but which has no preten- sions to biographical accuracy." ' Sullivan ' itself appears to have been based upon a story by J. Bouchardy called ' Garrick M^decin,' published in' Le Monde Drama- tique in April, 1836. Robertson's play was performed in the English provinces in 1878-9, with Miss Julia Stewart as Ada; revived at the Haymarket Theatre, London, in March, 1879, with Sothern in his original part ; at the Gaiety Theatre on the afternoon of May 12, 1886, with Fred Leslie as Garrick, W. Hargreaves as Ingot, E. Righton as Squire Chivy, and Miss K. Rorke as Ada ; at the Criterion Theatre, London, on November IS, 1886, with C. Wyndham as Garrick, David James as Ingot, G. Giddens as Squire Chivy, W. Blakeley as Smith, INIiss E. Miller as Miss Brown, and Miss Mary Moore as Ada; at the same theatre (always with C. Wyndham as Garrick) on February 29, 18S8 ; on July 10, 1889 ; on March 22, 1890 (with W. Farren as Ingot) ; on June 15, 1891 ; on June 16, 1897, with Sidney Brough as Chivy. It was with ' David Garrick ' that Charles Wyndham opened his new theatre in Charing Cross Road, London, in Feb- ruary, 1900— he, Mit-s :Moore, and W. Farren appearing in their familiar rdles, with Arthur Bourchier as Squire Chivy. A burlesque called ' David Garrick,' by C. COLNAGHI and E. Ponsonby, was played at the Criterion Theatre on May 11, 1888. Robertson's piece was revived at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, October 7, 1895, with Nat Goodwin in the title part. The title part has also been played in the State* by E. S. Willard (q.v.). See DOCTOR Davy and Garrick. David Laroque. A i-omantic drama in four acts, adapted by George S. Johns from George Ohnet's novel so named, and first performed at Rapley's Academy of Music, Washington, September 1, 1897. David Rizzio. (1) A "serious opera" in three acts, by Colonel Hamilton, pro- duced at Drury Lane in June, 1S20, with Braham in the title part, and Mrs. W. West as Mary Queen of Scots. Rizzio, in this piece, is in love with Lady Mary Living- stone, but Darnley suspects him of inti- macy with the Queen, and helps to bring about his assassination. (2) A tragedy by Haynes, performed at Co vent Garden The- atre in November, 1S3S. Davidg-e, Georg-e B. Actor and the- atrical manager, born at Bristol, 1793. died 1842; appeared at Bath and AVeymouth before he was seen at the Adelphi, London. Then came engagements at the Surrey and the Coburg Theatres, of the latter of which he became in 1821 stage-manager. Davidg-e, "William Pleater. Actor, born in London, 1814 ; died near Cheyenne, DAVIDSON DAVIS US.A. ; made his professional debut at Nottingham in June, 1830, as Adam Win- terton in 'The Iron Chest' {q.v.). Engage- ments followed at the Queen's, Victoria, Olympic, and Drury Lane Theatres. His first bow to an American audience was made in August, 1850, at the Old Broadway The- atre, New York, as Sir Peter Teazle. At this theatre he stayed for five years, play- ing "leading comedy" and "old men" in all the standard repertory. After much "stock" work in provincial cities he was seen in New York at various theatres between 1860 and 1868. In 1869 he joined the company of Augustin Daly, with whom he remained until 1877, undertaking such characters as Sleekin ' The Serious Family,' ^i> John Vesey in 'Money,' Sir Harcoiirt, Harkaway, and Meddle in 'London As- surance,' Jesse Rural in ' Old Men and Young Hearts,' Colonel Howard in ' False Shame,' Bishopbriggs in ' Man and Wife,' Vanderpool in ' Saratoga,' and so forth. In 1879 he was the first American representa- tive of Dick Deadeyein 'H.M.S. Pinafore.' In 1888 he joined the company of the Madison Square Theatre, with which he ■was still associated when he died. His best parts are said to have included Touch- stone, Dogberry, Malvolio, Bottom, Autolycus, Sir Toby Belch, Launcelot Gobbo, and old Uccles in ' Caste.' He was the author of a play called ' The Family Party,' and in 1866 published a book of reminiscences entitled • Footlight Flashes.'— William Davidge, son of ^y. P. Davidge, and also an actor, made his ddbut at Newark, New Jersey, in 1864. He was the original representative in America of Solomon Isaacs in ' Queen's Evi- dence ' and Geoffrey Gordon in ' The Great Divorce Case.' Davidson, John. Poet and dra- matic writer ; author of ' A Queen's Romance' (1904); adapter of Coppee's * Pour la Couronne ' [see For the Crown] ; reviser of Carl Armbruster's translation of 'Konig's Kinder" [see Children of THE King]; has published 'Plays' (1894), ' Godf rida ' (1898), ' Self's the Man ' (1901), etc. Davies, Ben. Vocalist and actor ; gained his early experience of the stage as a member of the Carl Rosa Company, which he ioined in 1882, and of which he remained a member till 1886. In February, 1887, he took up the part of Geoffrey Wilder in Cellier's ' Dorothy ' {q.v.) ; after which he was the original representative of Martin Bolder in the same composer's ' Doris ' (1889), of Ralph Rodney in Solomon's ' Red Hussar ' (1889), and of Wilfrid in Sullivan's ' Ivan- hoe ' (1891). Davies, Thomas. Actor, publisher, and miscellaneous writer, born about 171'2, died 1785 ; was educated at Edinburgh University, and made his histrionic dibut at the Haymarket in 1736. After this he became a bookseller, but, not succeeding, resumed his old profession, being seen at Covent Garden in 1746 as Pierre in ' Venice Preserved.' Going into the provinces, he met and married a young actress named Yarrow, to whose beauty Churchill after- wards paid homage in the well-known lines— " On my life. That Davies hath a very pretty wife 1 " In 1753 both were employed at Drury Lane, very much in the character of "under- studies." That Davies was really but a poor performer may be inferred from Churchill's pronouncement in ' The Rosciad '— "In plots famous grown. He mouths a sentence as curs mouth a bone." In 1762 Davies returned to bookselling, pub- lishing in 1777 ' A Genuine Narrative of the Life and Theatrical Transactions of Mr. Joht Henderson," written by himself. He wat bankrupt in 1778, and through Dr. Johnson's influence had a benefit at Drury Lane, figuring as Fainall in 'The Way of tht World " (q.v.). To 1779 belongs his edition with a memoir, of the works of Massinger. and to 1780 his biography of Garrick, ir which he was again assisted by Johnson This was followed in 1785 by his ' Dramatic Miscellanies, consisting of critical observa tions on several Plays of Shakespeare : wit! a Review of his principal characters anc those of various eminent writers, as repre sented by Mr. Garrick and other celebratec comedians ; with anecdotes of dramatic poets, actors, etc' In 1789 an edition o Downes's ' Roscius Anglicanus ' was pub lished, " with additions by the late Mr Thomas Davies." Mrs. Davies, who sur vived her husband, died in 1801. See Bos well's 'Life of Johnson,' Nichols an( Piozzi's 'Anecdotes,' and the Garrick Cor respondence. Davis, E. D. Theatrical managei born 1806, died 1887. Davis, Fay. Actress; began he, career in America and in England as reciter. Her first appearance on the stag was made at the Criterion Theatre, Londor on November 5, 1895, as Zoe Nuygetson i 'The Squire of Dames' (_q.v.). In the fa lowing year she played Celia in ' As \ o Like It' at the St. James's Theatre, wher she afterwards figured as Fay Zuliamv 'The Princess and the Butterfly (i»y(, Rosalind (1897), Slonica in 'The Tree o Knowledge' (1897), Sero in .' M"ch Ad about Nothing' (1898), Babiole m 'The Cor querors' (1898), Juliet in ' The Ambassador (1898), Lilian in 'In Days of pld'/1899 Queen Flavia in ' Rupert of Hentzau (1900 Elsie in 'The Man of Forty' (1900), G^P^ Floyd in 'A Debt of Honour (1900), tb Duchess of St. ^s«Ain 'The Wisdom the Wise ' (1900;, and Olive Lawrence i •The Awakening ' (1901). Davis, Mary. Actress, temp. Charl. II. ; described by Pepys as a bastara < Colonel Howard, my lord Berkshire. Ui chief success seems to have been made < Celania in Davenant"s 'Rivals, of ^h" Downes says (' Roscius .Anghcanus ) b the women's parts admirably acted, chiet DAVIS DAY [Celania], a shepherdess, being mafl for love, especially in singing several Avikl and mad songs, ' My Lodgings it is on the Cold Ground,' etc. She performed it so charm- ingly that not long after it raised her from her bed on the cold ground to a bed royal." To the last-named fact Pepys refers (January 14, 1667-8) : "The king do show her counte- nance, and [she] is reckoned his mistress, even to the scorn of the whole world." She figured at Lincoln's Inn Fields between 1663 and 1668 as a member of the casts of Dryden's ' Sir Martin Marall,' Etherege's ' Comical Revenge' and ' She Would if She Could,' Shirley's ' Love Tricks,' ' Lord Orrery's 'Mustapha' and 'Henry V.,' and Stapylton's ' Stepmother.' Pepys more than once praises her dancing (March 7, 1666-7, and August 5, 1667). She had by the king a daughter who married the second Earl of Derwentwater. Davis, Mo. A Jew in Boucicault's • Flying Scud ' (q.v.). Davison, Mrs. See Duncan, Maria. Davo. Servant of Coxrnt Foldtre in O'Haba's ' April Day ' (q.v.). Davy. Servant to Shallow in ' King Henry IV. Pt. II.' 1 Davy Crockett, An " idyll of the .backwoods" in four act.s, by Fiiamc Mir- iDOCH (Hitchcock), first performed at tlie (Rochester Theatre, U.S.A., in 1873, with (Frank Mavo as the hero ; produced at New iYork (Niblo's (harden), March 9, 1874, with IMiss Rosa Rand as Eleanor Vn iKjhan. " The istory is in essence identical with that of 1 Young Lochinvar.'" "It is," says Lau- ence Hutton, " almost the best American ilay ever written. A pure sylvan love- .tory, told in a healthful, dramatic way, it s a poem in four acts." The play was first )erformed in England in June, 1879, at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, with Mayo in lis original part ; it was produced in London ,t the 01ynii)ic Theatre in August of the ame year, with a cast including Mayo, L. -ablache, Clifford Cooper, and Miss Emma litta. —A play in five acts, called ' Davy rockett,' announced as " by Frank Dig- nce," was produced at the Southminster heatre, Edinburgh, on September 29, 1873. Davy, Doctor. See Doctor Davy. Daw. (1) Sir John Daw is a character 1 JONSON's ' Epica?ne ' (q.v.). (2) Sir David •aw figures in Cumberland's ' Wheel of ortune' (q.v.). (3) Matthew Daw is a laracter in Miss Chambers's 'School ir Friends' (q.v.). Dawbwell. A character in ' The Ap- irition ' (q.v.). Dawdle the Doddler. The king in CRNAND's ' White Cat ' (q.v.). Dawn. A drama in four acts, by George lOMAS and Frank Oswald, Vaudeville leatre, London, June 30, 1887. See Devil VRESFOOT and Mad Match, A. DawTi of Freedom (The). A play in five acts, by Myron Leffingwell, Grand Theatre, Boston, Mass., February 28, 1898. — ' The Dawn of Hope : ' drama, in a pro- logue and four acts, by Clarence Burnett and Herbert B. Cooper, Novelty Theatre. London, January 20, 1896.— 'The Dawn of Love : ' a comedietta in one act, adapted by M. Russell Rosse from Besant and Rice's novel ' The Golden Butterfly,' Theatre Royal, Exeter, January 26, 1885. Dawson, Forbes. Actor and play- wright ; was in the original casts of ' Dark Days ' (1885), ' The Witch ' (1887), ' Siberia ' (1SS7), 'Mirage' (1888). 'Blackmail' (1888), ' The Balloon ' (1888), ' The Scarecrow ' (1889). ' ^-Esop's Fables ' (18S9), ' A Commission ' (1891), ' Gloriana ' (1891), ' Niobe (all Smiles)' (1892), etc. He is the author of the following dramatic pieces :— ' The Out- sider' (1891), 'The Diamond King' (1892), 'The Davs to Come' (1893), 'The New World' (i893), 'Cherry Hall' (1894), 'Re- ported Missing' (1894), 'Scotch' (1895), ' Glorie A.ston' (1898), etc. Dawson, Nancy. Stage-dancer, born about 1730, died 1767 ; entered, about 1746, the employment of a puppet-showman, who taught her to dance. She was afterwards engaged successively at Sadler's Wells (as columbine) and at Covent Garden, where, in October, 1759, she appeared in ' The Beggar's Opera,' creating a sensation by her rendering of a hornpipe (to the tune of which, it is said, G. A. Stevens wrote ' The Ballad of Nancy Dawson '). In Septem.ber, 1760, she migrated to Drury L.ane. to re- appear in ' The Beggar's Opera ' and to take part in Christmas pieces. She seems to have retired from her profession in 1763. Day, George D. Dramatic writer; author of the libretto of ' A Near Shave ' (1895); part-author (with Sidney Bowkett) of 'The Diamond Rush' (1895), 'The Mummy' (1895), and 'The AVillow Pattern Plate ' (1897) ; part-author, with Silvanus Dauncey, of 'Bilberry of Tilbury' (1898), and of ' Campano ; or. The Wandering Min- strel' (1898), and, with A. Branscombe, of ' The American Heiress ' (1899). Day, John. Dramatic writer ; edu- cated at Cambridge Univer.sity ; author of the following stage pieces :— ' The Bristol Tragedy ' (1602), ' The Isle of Gulls,' a tra- gedy (1606). ' The Travels of Three English Brothers' (1607), 'Humour out of Breath,' a comedy (1608), 'Law Tricks,' a comedy (1608), 'Come see a Wonder' (1623), 'The Parliament of Bees,' a masque (1641), ' The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green,' a comedy (1659) ; part-author with Dekker of ' Guy of Warwick ' (1619), and with Marlowe of ' The Maiden's Holiday ' (1654). His Works were edited by A. H. Bullen for private circulation in 1881. See Henslowe's ' Diary.' Day, John T. Dramatic writer ; author of • The Fanatic' (1897), 'The Purser ' (1897), and ' The Clavchester Scandal ' [afterwards ' The Intruders '] (1898). DAY 384 D'ENNERY Day, Philip. Actor ; was in the original casts of Halliday's ' Daddy Gray ' (1868). Byron's ' Bow Bells ' (ISSO), etc. ; plaved lioratio at the Gaietv, London, in 1871, and Steerforth in ' Little'Em'ly ' at the Adelphi in 1875. Day, "William H. Actor, born 1854; made his professional debut in 1874 ; was in the original casts of ' The Bauble Shop ' (1893), ' An Old Jew ' (1894), ' The Masque- raders' (1894), ' Miss Hobbs' (1S99), etc. Day after the Fair. A farce in one act, by C. A. Somerset (g.i-.), first performed at Sadler's Wells Theatre in 1829. Day after the Wedcliiig: (The) ; or, A Wife's First Lesson. An interlude by Mrs. Ch.\.rles Kemble (q.v.), first per- formed at Covent Garden on May 18, 1808, with the authoress as Lady Elizabeth Free- love and Charles Kemble as Colonel Freelove ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre in AprU, 1822, with Mrs. Glover as Lady Elizabeth. Day and a Nigrht in New York (A). A farcical comedy in three acts, by Ch.vrles H. HOYT, first performed at the Hyperion Theatre, New Haven, Connecticut', April 18, 1898; Garrick Theatre, Xew York, August 30, 1898. Day at an Inn (A). An interlude in one act, by Theodore Hook (gr.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Loudon, .luly, 1S3S. Day at Rome (A). A musical farce in two acts, words by C. Smith, music by T. Attwood, first performed at Covent Garden in October, 1798. Day Dreams. (1) A comedy by Sir B. Leighttjx, Loton Park, Salop, "Xo'vember 5, 1-95. (2) A play in one act, by Herbert Swears, first performed at the"Eden The- atre, Brighton, December 5, 1894; Opera Comique Theatre, London, July 6, 1895. Day in London (A). A comedy in five acts, by Andrew Cherry, first performed at Drury Lane in AprU, 1807. Day in Paris (A). A musical inter- lude in one act, by C. Selby {q.v.), first per- formed at the Strand Theatre, London, on July 18, 1832, with Abbott as Charles Wi/nd- ham ("an Englishman amusing himself in Paris "), Mitchell as Sam (his .servant), and ^Miss C. Crisp as Emily Grenville (betrothed to Wyndham), who, in the course of the piece, impersonates a French "artiste," a "tiger," a "susceptible young lady," and a young officer. This r6le was played at the Victoria by Mrs. Selby, Selby himself play- ing Wyndham. Day in Turkey (A) ; or,The Russian Slaves. A comedy, with songs, by Mrs. COWLEY, first performed at Covent Garden in December, 1791. Day of Reckoning" (The). An adapta- tion by J. R. Planche of a French melo- drama, first performed at the Lyceum The- atre, Loudon, in April, 1851, with C. J. Mathews as the Count D'Arental (q.v.), and otber pans by F. Matthews. R. Roxby,. ]Mrs. Macnamara, Mdme. Vestris, etc. ; re- vived at the Adelphi in 1868. (2) A drams; produced, for copyright purposes, at tht Queen's Theatre, Battersea, February 17 1894. Day "Well Spent (A). A farce in om act, by J. OXENFORD, first performed at tht, Lyceum Theatre, London, April 4, 1835, wit! Wrench, Oxberry, Romer, Mrs. Emden, anc Mrs. F. JNIatthews in the cast. Day will Come (The). A drama ii four acts, by William J. Mackay, Open House, Chatham, March 7, 1892; Sadler's Wells Theatre, January 12, 1893. Day's Fishing- (A). A farce by J: Maddison Morton (q.v.), first performed ai the Adelphi Theatre, London, on March 8, 1869. Daybreak. (1) A drama, in prologuei and four acts, by James Willing, first per. formed at the Standard Theatre, London on September 1, 1884. (2) A play by E. E.: Rose, performed in U.S.A. Daybrooke, Ruth. One of the heroines, of Robertson's ' M.P.' (q.v.). ; Daye and Knight. A "musical far-^ cicality," %vritten by Walter Parke and composed by Louise Barone, first performed at St. George's Hall, London, November 4, 1895, with Miss Ethel McAlpine in the cast.. See Dey and the Knight. Days of Cromwell (The). An historical drama in five acts, by Charles Roger; and Carter Livesey, first performed ati the Borough Theatre, Stratford, on Octobei, 19, 1896. I Days of Olde. A comedy in a pro- logue and two acts, by Fred. FarjiaN; Theatre Royal, Leamington, November 8' 1892. See In Days of Old. " Days of Terror (The), A romantic drama in four acts, by C. A. Clarke, Bishof, Auckland, March 24, 1891. Days of Yore (The). A drama in thretl acts, by R. Cumberland (q.v.), first per- formed'at Covent Garden in January, 1796- The scene is laid in the reign of Alfred th(; Great. Days to Come (The). A drama ii' four acts, by Forbes Dawson, performei, for the first time in London at the Elephant and Castle Theatre, May 27, 1^93. • Dazzle. A man about town, in Bouci- CAULT's ' London Romance ' (q.v.). He wa " originally called ' O'Dazzle,' or some sucl name — an Irish cliaraccer, to be representee by Tyrone Power, probably " (Dutton Cook). —Mrs. Dazzle is a character in REYNOLDS':' ' Management ' (q.v.). D'Ennery, Adolphe Philippe [rea* name, Jacob]. French dramatist, born 181'.; died 1899; adapted to the French stag. 'The Colleen Bawn,' 'Jack Sheppard,' am DE ANGELIS 3S5 DEACON BRODIE ' Uncle Tom's Cabin,* under tJie titles re- spectively of 'Le Lac du Glenaston,' 'Les Chevaliers du Brouillard,' and ' La Case de rOncle Tom.' Amon?: the English plays translated or adapted from D'Ennery's ovt^n dramatic works are the following, all of which see :— ' Around the World in Eighty Days,' ' Cartouche,' ' La Dame de St. Tro- pez,' 'Don Csesar de Bazan,' 'The Earth- quake of Martinique, 'The Fortune Teller,' The Foster Sisters,' ' The Four Stages of Life.' ' Gaspard Hauser,' ' The Hen with the Jolden Eggs,' ' The Hidden Hand,' ' A Hun- hed Years Old,' 'It's an HI Wind that )lows Nobody Good,' ' Jocrisse the Juggler,' A Life's Revenge,' 'Linda, the Pearl of iavoy,' 'London by Night,' ' Magloire the Jonjuror,' 'Marie Jeanne,' 'Michael Stro- off,' ' Napoleon ; or, The History of a lag,' ' On the Cards," Pauvrette, the Shep- eidess of the Alps,' 'Proof,' 'Reverses,' Ruhe the Showman,' 'The Sacred Trust,' The Scamps of London,' ' The Sea of Ice,' The Swell Mobsman,' 'The Standard of ngland,' ' The Thirst of Gold,' ' The Two rphans,' ' The Wandering Jew,' ' The War China,' 'The Wreck of the Medusa.' De Ang-elis, Jeflferson. Actor and icalist ; has made many successes in the nited States as leading comedian in ' The diph,' 'The Jolly Musketeers,' and other asical pieces. De Camp. See Kemble, Mrs. Ch.a.rles. De Cordova, Rudolph. Dramatic ■iter ; co-author, with Alicia Ramsey, of tonsieur de I'aris' (18%), 'As a Man \vs' (1898), ' Hcmor' (lOO'.i), etc. De Courcy, Frederick, figures in ley's 'Marble Heart' (q.v). (2) There uDe Courcy in H. J. Bykon's ' Courtship ' )e Flores, in Middleton and Row- ]i''s 'Changeling' (q.v.), is in love with iitrice. )e Grey, Marie [Ellen Washington ]:ston]. Actress, died 1897; was in the cjinal casts of 'Calypso' (1874), 'After Iig Years ' (1887), ' The Monk's Rooia ' < .7), and ' Sybil ' (1889). •e Koven, Reginald. Musical com- par ; has written the score of ' The Al- lans,' ' The Begum,' ' Don (Quixote,' ' The I;cing Master,' ' The Knickerbocker.-,' jAd Marian ' (q.v.) [' Robin Hood ']. ' The ^idarin,' 'Rob Roy,' 'The Tzigane,' and oi)r operas, all produced originally in the L ted States. e Langre, Hermann. Actor ; was in *' ongmal casts of ' Mynheer Jan ' (1887). , ndfast ' (1887), ' Your Wife ' (1890), ' For- giness' (1892), 'An Old Jew' (1S94), 'An Atocratic Alliance' (18941, 'The Home b(j3tary' (1895), 'The squire of Dames' U;>), Love in Idleness ' (1896), etc. ; also, inie first English casts of 'AH the Com- jj of Home '(1891) and ' Therese Raquin' De Mattos, A. T. Author of transla- /i'^IJ^ ^"^'^ English of 'Therese Raquin Th^V^^f P^l-Jfish ' (1892), 'Leida' (189". Ihe Cradle' (1893), 'The Heirs of Rabour- din' (1894)-all of which see. T ^®,^i^^' ?enry C. Dramatic writer, born ISoO, died 1893 : author of ' The Danger Signal [' The Main Line '], 'Lord Chumley ' and The Lost Paradise' (London, 189'' )'• and co-author, with David Belasco of Man and Woman' (London, 1893) and The Wife.' De Montfort. A tragedy in five acts, by Jo.ONA Baillie (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on March 29, 1800, with Kemble in the title part, Talbot as Rezenvelt, Mrs Suldons as Jane (sister of De Mont fort), and Barrymore, Dowton, and Caulfield in other parts. This is one of the series of plays in which Miss Baillie sought to delineate the Passions. In this case the Passion is Hatred, the victim being De Mont/ort and the object Rezenvelt. De Prie, Jaques. A miser in Jon- son's ' Case is Altered' (g.r.). De Soto, the Hero of the Missis- sippi. A play by Geouue H. Miles, per- formed at New York in April, 1857, with E. L. Davenport in the title part. De Walden, T. B. Actor and play- wright, born in London, 1811 ; made his debut as a player at the Haymarket in 1844 • was first seen in America at the Park The- atre, New York, in December, 1844, as Bel- viour in ' Is He Jealous ? ' ; retired from the stage in 1858. He was the author of ' Sam ' 'The Baroness,' 'Upper Ten and Lower Twenty,' and various other dramatic piecas. De "Winton, Alice. Actress ; was in the original casts of 'His Second Wife' (1892), -In a Locket' (1895), 'A Court of Honour' (1897), ' Tommy Dodd ' (1897), ' Cy- rano de Bergerac ' (1900), etc. She was also seen as Julia in ' The Duchess of Malfi ' (Op(5ra Comique Theatre, 1892).— Dora de Wi.NTON was in the original casts of 'An Average Man' (1895), G. Bancroft's 'The Birthday' (1894), 'The Silence of Night' (1897), ' The Battle of the Sexes' (1898), etc. Deacon (The). A " comedy .sketch " in two acts, by Henry Arthur Jones, first performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre London, on August 27, 1890, with E. S.' Willard in the title part (Abraham Booth- royd). Miss Annie Hill as Rosa, and Mrs. Macklin as Mrs. Bolingbroke. Deacon Brodie ; or, The Double Life. A melodrama, in four acts and ten tableaux, by R. L. Stevenson and W. E. Henley, first performed at PuUan's Theatre, Bradford, December 28, 1882. with E. W. Bretton as Brodie and A. B. Cross as Walter Leslie; produced at the Prince's Theatre, London, on July 2, 1884, with E. J. Hen- ley as Brodie, C. Cartwright as Leslie, J. Maclean as William Lawson, Julian Cross as George Smith, Brandon Thomas as 2C DEACON'S DAUGHTER DEADEYE Captain Jiivers, Miss Lizzie Wiliiams as Mary Brodie, and Miss Minnie Bell as Jean Watt ; first represented in America at^Wallack's Theatre, New York, in May, 1887, with E. J. Henley as the Deacon, Eben Plympton as Walter Leslie, Charles Groves as Moore, Miss Carrie Coote as Jean Watt, and Miss Annie Robe as Mary Brodie ; performed in Mon- treal on September 26, 1887, with E. J. Henley, Miss Robe, and Miss Coote as before. Deacon's Daug-liter (The). A play by A. C. GUNTER (q.v.), first performed (in New York) in April, 1887, with Miss Annie Pixley in the title part (Ruth Home- webh). Dead Alive (The). A musical piece in two acts, words by John 0'Keei-e, music by Samuel Arnold, first performed at the Haymarket Theatre on June 16, 1781. Dead Beat. A drama in five acts, by George Conquest and George Comer, first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, October 22, 1885. Dead Boxer (The). A drama pro- duced at the Albion Theatre, London, on September 20, 1875. Dead Calm. (A) ; or. The Fisher's Story. A drama in two acts, by John Douglass, jun., first performed at the Standard Theatre, London, on August 4, 1868. A play by William Dead Hand (The). Travers {q.v.). Dead Heart (The). A drama, in a pro- logue and three acts, by Watts Phillips {q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in November, 1859, with Benjamin Webster as Robert Landry, D. Fisher, sen., as the AbM Latour, J. L. Toole as Tou^tet, J. Billington as the Count St. Valerie and Arthur St. Valerie, T. Stuart as Jacques Legrand, Paul Bedford as Rebout, C. J. Smith as Jocrisse, Mrs. Mellon (Miss Wool- gar) as Catherine Duval, Miss Kate Kelly as Cerisette, and other parts by W. H, Eburne, R. Romer, and Miss Laidlaw ; re- vived at the Marylebone Theatre in April, 1862, with Webster and Bedford in their original rdZes ; in 1871, with Miss Ada Dyas as Catherine ; at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon- don, on September 28, 1889, with Henry Irving as Landry, S. B. Bancroft as Latour, Haviland as the Count, Gordon Ci-aig as Arthur, A. Stirling as Legrand, E. Righton as Toupet, Miss K. Phillips as Cerisette, and ;Miss Ellen Terry as Catherine [for this re- vival the text was revised by W. H. Pollock and new music composed by G. Jacobi]. See 'The True Story of the Dead Heart,' by John Coleman. Dead Letter (The). (1) A drama, in a prologue and three acts, by Walter Ro- berts, produced at the Marylebone Theatre on December 11, 1873. (2) A drama in one act, by W. A. Brabner, first performed at the Gaiety Theatre Dublin, AprU 17, 1891, and produced at the Opera Comique Theatr London, on September 26, 1891. Dead Man's Gold (A); or, The Hi; tory of a Crime. A drama in five act by George Conquest and Henry Spr first performed at the Surrey Theatr London, November 7, 1887. Dead Man's Point ; or. The Lig-h house on the Cam Ruth. A drama four acts, by F. C. Burnand {q.v.), first pe formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, < February 4, 1871, with a cast including Mi Alfred Mellon, Miss Furtado, Mrs. Leif Murray, Mrs. Billington, J. Billington, F. Edgar, J. Rouse, A. Rayner, J. VoUaii etc. Dead Man's Shoes. - A dramai piece performed at New York in Februai 1830. Dead o' Nig-ht Boys. A drama Irish life, by W. S. Branson, Greenwici September 19, 1874. Dead or Alive. A drama in thi acts, by Tom Taylor {q.v.), first perform, at the Queen's Theatre, London, on Ji, 22, 1872, with a cast including D. Bai mann, G. Rignold, W. H. Vernon, J. Cathcart, J. Vollaire, and Mrs. Bandmai Palmer. Dead Past (The). A drama by Ausi Fryers, Parkhurst Theatre, Hollow, June 24, 1895. Dead Reckoning- (The); or, Press, for the Navy. A drama by C. H. Haz: "WOOD {q.v.), Britannia Theatre, Lond August 10, 1868. See Jezebel. , Dead Secret (The). A drama, ivu prologue and three acts, founded by E. •. Bramwell on Wilkie Collins' novel of t'h name, and first performed at the Lycei Theatre, London, on August 29, 1877, ■«! E. D. Lyons as Joseph Buschmann. Dead Shot (A). A farce in one i, by J. B. BUCKSTONE {q.v.), first perfornt at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in liy with the author as Hector Timid. j Dead Take-in (A). A farce by Alfi.) Wigan. performed at the Olympic Thea , London, in 1850. Dead to the "World. A drama in i.r acts, by George Conquest and HE:;ir Pettitt, first performed at the Greci Theatre, London, on July 12, 1875. Dead Wife (The) ; or, Marmadya the Smug-g-ler. A play producedo the Pavilion Theatre, London, Decern', 1838. Dead Witness (The); or. Sin si its Shadow. A drama in three a , founded bv Wybert Reeve on a taUj Charles Dickens, and first performed at ,e Theatre Royal, Sheffield. ' Deadeye, Dick, in Gilbert and Su f- van's ' H.M.S. Pinafore ' {q.v.), reappeai " « The Wreck of the Pinafor&' {q.v.). Its •9 if/ DEADLOCK 3S7 DEAREST MAMMA Deadlock CThe). A drama in five acts, adapted by David Cowis and John Hastings Batson from the Russian of Potijekhin ; Bijou Theatre, Bayswater, London, February 7, 1898. Deadly Foes. A drama by Josephine FiDDES, Theatre Royal, Belfast, November 20, 186S. Deadly Reports. A farce by J. Pal- grave Simpson (q.v.), Olympic Theatre, London, October 26, 1S57. Deadset, Miss Minerva. A cha- racter in H. J. Byron's ' Old Story' (q.v.). Deadwood Dick. A drama in five acts, by Paul Korrell, Pavilion Theatre, London, March 12, 1894. Deadwood Stage (The). A play by Clay M. Greene, performed in U.S.A. i Deaf and Dumb ; or, The Orphan Protected. An liistorical play in five acts, adapted by Thomas Holcroft (with sup;- gestions by J. P. Kemble) from the French A J. N. Bouilly, and first performed at Drury Lane on February 24, 1801, with Kemble 'is the Abbe, Miss Decamp as Julio, and VVroughton as iJarlemont. — Two English ranslations of Bouilly's drama (one by B. L'HOMPSON) were printed in 1801. Deaf as a Post. A farce by John ?'00LE (g.u.), first performed at Drury Lane n February, 1823, with Liston as Sappy nd Mrs. Orger as Sally Mags. Deaf Indeed. A farce by Edward 'OPHAM, performed at Drury Lane in De- ember, 1780, and " damned" in the middle f the second act. Deaf Lover (The). See Device, 'HE. Deal Boatman (The). A serio-comic rama in two acts, by F. C. BURNAND iq.v.), lunded on 'Poor Jack' and 'Little Em'ly,' id first performed at Drury Lane on Sep- ■mber 21, 1863, with G. Belmore in the title irt (Jacob Vance), and other roles by F. tiarles, Mrs. Edmund Falconer, Miss Rose eclercq, etc. Dean, Julia [successively Mrs. Hayne d Ml s. Cooper]. Actress, born in Dutchess junty, New York, July, 1830 ; daughter of rs. Drake, the actress (g.v.); after some perience in the country, made her New )rk debut at the Bowery Theatre in May, 46, as Julia in ' The Hunchback.' '• Youth- ., graceful, delicately pretty, she at once akened," says Ireland, "the public ;erest," and " for several years she proved powerful attraction at the Astor Place era House and Broadway Theatre." aong the roles in which she was first seen New York were Juliet, Mrs. Haller, ■ liana ('Honeymoon'), Margaret Elmore, \\ Pauline. In April, 1850, she figured in ;W York as Evadne, and in November, " 2, as Parthenia. Her last appearance in i.t city was made in October, 1867, as Anne Catherick in ' The Woman in White.' She died there in March, 1868. See Ireland's ' New York Stage,' Brown's ' American Stage,' Hutton's ' Plays and Players,' and Jetterson's Autobiography. Dean's Daughter (The). A play in four acts, founded by Sydney* Grundy iq.v.) and F. C. PHILIPS (q.v.) upon the latter's novel so named, and first performed at the St. James's Theatre, London, in October, 1888, with Miss Olga Nethersole in the title part (Miriam St. Aubyn), Rut- land Barrington as the Dean {Veri/ Rev. A. St. Aubyn), J. Beauchamp as Sir Henry Craven, and other parts by Lewis Waller, Miss Adrienne Dairolles, and Miss Caroline Hill. Deans, David, Efla.e, and Jeanie, figure in Shepherd's ' Effie Deans' (q.v.), in BouciCAULT's ' Trial of Efiie Deans ' (q.v.), in 'The Scotch Sisters' (q.v.), and other adaptations of ' The Heart of Mid- lothian' (q.v.). Dear Departed (The). An operetta, libretto founded by Walter Parke on ' Le Clou aux Maris ' (Paris, ls59), music by H. :Martvn van Lennep ; Comedy Theatre, London, 'May 29, 1890. Dear Friends. A comedietta by Mary Righton, Vaudeville Theatre, London, July 24, 1890. Dear Girls (The.) A musical comedy in three acts, written by Harry and Ed- ward Paulton, Regent Theatre, Salford, September 11, 1899. Dearer than Life. A drama in three acts, by H. J. Byron (q.v.), first performed at Liverpool in November, 1867, with J. L. Toole as Michael Garner, David Fisher as r,en Garner, J. Eldred as Bob Ga.^sett, and Miss Ada Dyas as Lucy ; produceil in Lon- don at the Queen's Theatre on January 8, 1868, with J. L. Toole as ifichael Garner, L. Brough as Ben Garner, H. Irving as Bob Gassett, C. Wyndham as Charles "^Garner, J. Clayton as Kedgcley, Miss H. Hodson as Lucy; revived at the Gaiety, London, at Christmas, 1871 ; at Toole's Theatre, London, in 1883, with Toole in his original part, E. D. Ward as Charles Garner, J. Billington as Ben, Miss Marie Linden as Lucy. "The plot is a close following of ' The Porter's Knot.' A prodigal son, by his evil courses, reduces his old and worthy parents to ex- treme poverty, and then returns prosperous from the colonies just in time to aid them " (Dutton Cook). Dearest Elizabeth. A farce played at the Haymarket, with the Keeleys in the cast. Dearest Mamma. A comedietta adapted by Walter Gordon (q.v.) from ' La BeUe Mere,' and first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, in 3Iay, 1860, with Mrs. Leigh Murray in the title part (Mrs. Breezcly Fussell), Miss Herbert, G. A'ining, Addison, etc. DEARLOVE 38S DEBUTANTE Dearlove, Jonathan, in Coyne's ' Samuel in Search of Himself (q.v.). Deatli by the Law. A drama by Edward Towers (q.v.), produced at the Pavilicn Theatre, London, on August 5, 1876. Death Fetch (The). A play founded by J. B. BUCKSTONE {q.v.) on one of the ' Tales of the O'Hara Family,' and produced, witti music by C. Horn, at the Lyceum The- atre, London, in July, 1826, the cast includ- ing Bartley, Buckstone, Keeley, and the Misses Paton, Kelly, and Goward (Mrs. Keeley). Death-Gruest (The). A "spectral" drama, produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in 1S34, Death Plank (The) ; or, The Dumb Sailor Boy. A melodrama in two acts, by W. J. Lucas, Pavilion Theatre, London, July, 1832 ; New York, 1835, with Madame Celeste as Antoine. Death Token (The). A melodrama in two acts, by T. E. Wilks (q.v.), Surrey Theatre, May, 1837, with Buckstone, Reeve, "O." Smith, R. Honner, Mrs. Yates, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam in the cast. Death Trap (The) ; or, A Catspaw. A drama in four acts, by J. Redding Ware iq.v.), first performed at the Grecian The- atre, London, June 6, 1870. Death "Warrant (The); or, A Race for Life. A drama by H. P. Grattan iq.v.), first performed at the Grecian The- atre, London, October 25, 1879. Death of Adam (The). (1) A tragedy, translated by Robert Lloyd from the Ger- man of Klopstock, and printed in 1763. (2) A sacred drama, translated by Thomas Hol- CROFT from the French of Mdme. de Genlis, and printed in 1786. Death of Bucephalus (The). A burlesque tragedy in two acts, by Dr. Ralph SCHOMBERG, acted at Edinburgh, and printed in 1775. Death of Ceesar (The). A tragedy translated from Voltaire, and published in Dr. Franklin's edition. Death of Captain Cook (The). A ballet performed at Covent Garden in 1789. Death of Captain Faulknor (The) ; or, British Heroism. Adramatic sketch performed at Covent Garden in 1795. Death of Dido (The). (1) A masque by " R. C," said to have been printed in 1621. (2) A masque, words by Barton Booth, music by Dr. Pepusch, acted at Drury Lane, and printed in 1616. Death of Marlowe (The). A tragedy in one act, by Richard Hengist Horne iq.v.), printed in 1838, and performed by the Irving Amateur Dramatic Club in 1887. See Kit Marlowe. Death of Mary (The). One of the York Plays {q.v.). Death of Robert, Earl of Hunt- ing-don. See Robin Hood. Death or Glory. A military drama in five acts, by John Mill, Britannia Theatre London, October 7, 1896. Death's Bridal. A drama in five acts, by Charles Osborne {q.v.), first performed at Bolton on June 10, 1878. Death's-Head Dick, the Skeleton Pirate; or, The Tig-ers of the Sea. A drama by R. C. Tottan, produced at Merthyr Tydvil, Wales, March 31, 1870. Death's Jest-Book; or, The Pool's Trag-edy. A play in five acts, by T. L. Beddoes {q.v.), printed anonymously in: 1850. See the ' Poetical Works ' of Beddoes, edited by E. Gosse (1890). Debauchee (The); or, The Credu- lous Cuckold. A comedy acted at th? Duke's Theatre, and printed in 1677 ; said to be an adaptation by Mrs. Behn of R, Brome's ' Mad Couple Well ^latch'd ' {q.v.) (2) ' The Debauchees; or, The Jesuit Caught : , a comedy by Henry Fielding {q.v.), actec at Drury Lane in 1732. Debbitch, Deborah, figures in adapta tions of ' Peveril of the Peak.' Deborah. A German play by Dr. Mo SENTHAl, adapted to the American stagi' under the titles of ' Deborah ' (the versioi- used by Julia Dean Hayne), ' Miriam,, ' Naomie,' and ' Leah the Forsaken ' {q.v.) (2) A drama in three acts, adapted by C. Si Cheltnam (g.v.)from Dr. ^Nlosenthal's play, and first performed at the Victoria Theatre: London, on July 12, 1864, with Miss Juli;; Seaman in the title part. Miss E. Farren a Rose (a villager), Basil Potter as the Apoi tate, and other parts by J. B. Buckstom G. Yarnold, etc. (3) A play in five act; by Langdon Elwyn Mitchell {q.v.), firs performed at the Avenue Theatre, Londor on February 22, 1892 ; played at Bristol i September, 1893, as ' The Slave Girl.' Se Hagar. Debt. A farcical comedy in two acts, b E. A. de Pass, produced at the Gaiet Theatre, London, on November 23, 1872. Debt of Honour (A). (1) A comec by F. W. Broughton {q.v.). West Hartli pool, January 23, 1879. (2) A play in oi. act by C. P. Colnaghi, Op^ra Comiqf Theatre, London, December 17, 1891. (J A play by Sydney Grundy {q.v.), produce at the St. James's Theatre, London, Septei ber, 1900. (4) A play by Bartley Campbei. {q.v.), performed in U.S.A. Debtor and Creditor. A comedy ^ five acts, by James Kenney {q.v.), fir performed at Covent Garden in April, 18L with Mrs. Jordan in the cast. a Debutante (The). Di;BUTANTE. See Pere de i DECEIT DEKKER Deceit (The). A farce by Henry NORRIS, printed in 1723. Deceived. (1) A drama produced at Accrington, Lancasliire, September, 1882. (2) A play by G. H. Jessop and Frank ,-TEPHENS, performed in U.S.A. in 1887. Deceiver Deceived (The). A comedy hv Mrs. Pix, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1698. Deceivers Ever. A farcical comedy in two acts, by Malcolm Charles Salaman (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, November 26, 1883. December and May. An operatic farce founded by W. DiiiOND (q.v.) upon one of Moliere's comedies and the farce of Barnaby lirittle' (q.v.), Covent Garden, May, 1818. Deception. (1) A comedy ascribed to Mr. Vaughan, and performed at Drury f,ja.ne twice in October, 1784. (2) A comedi- tta by Maurice de Frece, Theatre Royal, iverpool, Dec-mber 18, 1871. (3) A p'lay ranslated by IMathe Sheridan from the Demi-Monde ' of Dumas jils, and first per- [urmed at the Star Theatre, Buffalo, New fi'ork State, December 5, 1892. (4) A play liy Charles Townsend (q.v.), performed iu U.S.A. — 'The Deceptions' was a C(jmedy by jjrs. CORNELYS, acted in Dublin in 1781. Decided Case (A). A comedietta by OHN Brougham (q.v.). Decision of the Court (The), by .RANDER Matthews, was first performed at c'ermann's Theatre, New York, March 2.;, B93, by the Theatre of Arts and Letters, ith Mrs. Agnes Booth in the cast. Decius. (1) A Roman captain in Beau- ONT and Fletcher's ' Bonduca.' (2) Am- issador of Ccesar in Addison's ' Cato ' (q.v.). Decius and Paulina. A masque by EWis Theobald, printed in 1718. Decoy (The). (1) An opera by H. jOTTER, acted at Goodman's Fields in 1733. [;) A comedy-drama in three acts, by IREDERICK Eastwood, first performed at e Gaiety Theatre, London, on the after- lon of April 18, 1883, with a cast including iss Wallis (Mrs. Lancaster), J. Came, J. OSS, and H. Beerbohm Tree. Decoy, a procuress in Shirley's 'Lady Pleasure' (q.v.) reappears in Taverner's .rtful Husband' (q.v.). Dedlock, Sir Leicester and Lady, ure in various versions of ' Bleak House ' v.). Oeecie, Caleb. The blind youth in ■Bery'S ' Two Roses ' (q.v.). Oeed of Gift (The). A play by Sutton [ne, performed in U.S.A. peeds. A comedy in three acts, by js. Freake, performed at Cromwell •use, South Kensington, on February 25, Deeds, not Words. A drama in tTfo acts, by J. Courtney (q.v.), Surrey Theatre, January, 1855. Deeds of Dreadful Note. A " dra- matic tale of terror " in one act, adapted by Albert Dubois from the French of De Rosier, and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1842, with Wright as Tremor and Mrs. Keeley as Mrs. Funk. Deep, Deep Sea (The); or, Perseus and Andromeda. An extravaganza by J. R. Planche (-e'. (2) An adaptation, in three acts, by Cle- ment Scott and Sir Augustus Harris, was brought out at the Prince of Wales's, Bir- mingham, August 28, 1895, with Miss Olga Nethersole in the title part ; this piece wa3 first performed in America at New Haven, Connecticut, October 22, 1S95 ; at Empire Theatre, New York, December 3, 1895. See Fair Fame. Dennett. The name of three dancers- sisters— engaged at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in 1820 ; of whom Hazlitt wrote : " Theirs is the only performance on the stage (we include the Opera) that gives the uninitiated spectator an idea that dancing can be an emanation of instinctive gaiety, or express the language of sentiment." Dennis, Jolin. Critic and playwright, born 1657, died 1734 ; was educated at Harrow and Cambridge, and held an ap- pointment "under Government " from 1705 to 1715. His original contributions to the stage were—' A Plot and No Plot ' (1697), ' Rinaldo and Arunda ' (1699), ' Iphigenia ' (1700), ' Liberty Asserted' (1704), ' Gibraltar' (1705), ' Orpheus and Eurydice ' (1707), and ' Appius and Virginia ' (1709). He also transformed ' The Merry Wives of Windsor ' into 'The Comical Gallant' (1702), and ' Coriolanus ' into ' The Invader of his Country' (1705). He is said to have in- vented a new method of producing stage "thunder" which was used in 'Appius and Virginia _; ' and the story goes that he com- plained, in the case of a subsequent play by another hand, that the author or manage- ment had "stolen his thunder" (see T. Gibber's ' Lives of the Poets'). In reply to attacks made upon the stage by Jeremy Collier (q.v.) and William Law, Dennis pub- lished ' The Usefulness of the Stage to the Happiness of Mankind, to Government, and to Religion ' (1693), ' A Defence of a Regular Stage' (1703), and 'The Stage Defended' (1726). Among his other publications were ' An Essay on the Opera after the Italian Manner ' "(1706), ' Three Letters on the Genius and Writings of Shakespeare' (1711), 'Remarks upon "Cato"' [to which Pope replied in ' The Madness of John Dennis '] (1713), and 'Remarks upon "The Conscious Lovers'" (1723). Having fallen, latterly, upon evil days, he was the recipient, in December, 1733, of a benefit at the Hay- market Theatre. His ' Works ' appeared in 1702 ; his ' Select Works ' in 1718. Macaulay has described him as having written " bad odes, bad tragedies, bad comedies," and Thackeray has characterized him as " the Grub Street Timon." Dennis, Will [Jiom-de-ffwrre]. Actos and playwright, born 1859 ; appeared at the Royalty Theatre, London, in 1892, as Joe Hurst in ' The Showman's Daughter ' (q.v.). He was afterwards the first representative of Lord Arlington in 'The Black Domino' (Adelphi, 1893), ifr. Deakin in ' Sowing the Wind' (Comedy, 1893), David Garrick in ' Dick Sheridan ' (Comedy, 1894), 3[r. Ben- tham in ' A Gay Widow' (Court, 1894), Lord Killarney in ' A Leader of Men' (Comedy, 1895), etc. Under his own name [Stephen Townshend] he has collaborated in play -pro- duction with Mrs. Hodgson Burnett (q.v.). Denny, J. T. See Fra Diavolo the Second and Little Lalla Rookh. Denny, W. H. Actor and dramatic writer ; after experience in the provinces, made his London dehut at Sadler's AVells in ' Mazeppa.' In 1874 he played Simple in 'The Merry Wives of Windsor' at the Gaiety, and, after a visit to America, was seen at the Aquarium, London, in 1879, as Sir Charles in ' She Stoops to Conquer,' Corporal Foss in 'The Poor Gentleman' (q.v.), etc. He has been, since then, the first representative of the following (and other) characters :—Fi7i2>i?o in Tennyson's 'Falcon' (1S79), Slater in 'William" and Susan' (1^50), IJainish in Hamilton's. ' Harvest ' ( 1S86), Noah Topping in ' Dandv Dick' (18S7), Wilfrid Shadholt in 'The Yeomen of the Guard' (1888), the Grand Inquisitor in ' The Gondoliers ' (1889), : Bumbo in 'The Nautch Girl' (1891), The'. McCrankie in ' Haddon Hall' (1892), Scaphio in 'Utopia, Limited' (1893), Pilkington Jones in 'Gentleman Joe' (1895), Robert' White in ' Dandy Dan ' (1897). He is the author of 'A Mutual Mistake' (1891), 'A' Chance Acquaintance' (1894), 'Helping a; Friend ' (1S99), and, with T. Burnside, ' Coer»' cion ' (1SS6). ; Denounced; or, Faithful to the; End. A drama by Henry Gascoigne and- Frank Jefferson, Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, August 11, 1883- Dentatus. A veteran in Sheridan Knowles"S ' Virginius.' Denver, Wilfrid and Nellie. The hero and heroine of ' The Silver King' (g.v.). Denvil, Henry Gaskell. Actor, born 1S04, died lSo6; was in the cast of a piece called ' The Queen's Lover,' per-; formed in the autumn of 1834 in a little theatre in Kensington. There he was seen, by Planche (q.v.), who recommended him to Bunn (then manager of Drury Lane) for the title part in the adaptation of ' The Bravo ' (q.v.). Bunn, however, "fancying" (says Planche) "that he had secured a second Edmund Kean, insisted on his making hit first appearance as Shylock " (October 6, 1834) "He did make it, and puzzled the press, After three performances of Shylock, hf appeared in ' Richard IIP' and ' Bertram with the same result. In Lord Byron.- 'Manfred,' which was subsequently pr" duced [October 29, 1834], he had th< i DEORUM DONA DESERTED DAUGHTER advantage of an original part, and united the suffrages of the critics " (' Recollections and : Reflections ')• In November, 1S34, Benjamin Disraeli wrote to his sister : " Yesterday I ! went to see the new actor, Denvil. He is deplorable, has not the slightest feeling, ; nor one physical or mental qualification for ', the stage " (' Letters ')■ According to West- ! land Marston (' Our Recent Actors '), Denvil , "had some measure of poetic feeling and ; considerable power of facial expression." 1 He was "fairly successful in Richard III. \ and Shylock," and " really fine in Manfred," yet " failed totally in Othello." " From the attacks of his critics upon this last persona- : tion the actor never recovered." He made hxs debut in America at the Park Theatre, . New York, in October, 1836, as Shylock, which he followed up with Richard III. and .Manfred, returning to England in 1837. So late as 1843 he appeared at the City of London Theatre in ' The Merchant of (Venice,' ' Pizano,' and other standard plays. il,atterly his .style deteriorated, and "ere ■long he seems to have been quite for- igotten by tlie public. It is said that he .ultimately became check-taker at one of the minor theatres, and died in obscurity." His son HOR.VCE, actor, died in 1878. His daughter Cl.vka, actress, appeared at the Haymarket, Lyceum, and Drury Lane be- tween 1859 and 1865, and died in 1867. His daughter Alice, actress, was with the Keans at the Princess's, and latterly has Ijeen a member of F. R. Bkn.son's company, jvith which she figured at the Lyceum in .900. Deorum Dona. A masque by Rorert Uron, supposed to be performed before 'laminius and Clorinda, king and queen of Cyprus, at their regal palace in Nicosia, and rinted in 1648. Dependent (The). A comedy in five cts, by R. Cumberland, performed at •rury Lane in October, 1795, and " con- emned the first night." Depit Amoureux (Le). See Even- s'G's Love and Mistake, The. Deposing- and Death of Queen Gin Che). An lieroic comi-tragic farce by an lonyraous author, acted at the Haymarket, id printed in 1736. Depute de Bombigrnac (Le). A imedy in three acts, by Alexandre Bis- >N, first performed in England in French at '.e Royalty Theatre, March 2, 1888 ; revived ' the Royalty, July 1, 1891. This is the liginal of ' The Candidate' {q-v.). [Deputy (The). A farcical comedy in Iree acts, by George Arliss, Theatre >yal, South Shields, September 2, 1897. Deputy Sheriff (The). See Dan'l iUTLETT. tDeputy Wife (The). A play by (iaRle.s Barnard, performed in U.S.A. 'Derblay, Philippe. The hero of .NiiRO'rf ' Ironmaster' {q.v.). Derby, Countess of. See Farren, ELlZABKTir. Derby Day (The). A drama by Nelson Lee, first performed at Pavilion Theatre, London, February 9, 1867. Derby "Winner (The). (1) A drama in four acts, by Sir Augustus Harris, Cecil Raleigh, and Henry Hamilton, first performed at Dniry Lane Theatre, Sep- tember 15, 1894, with Mrs. John Wood as the Duchess of Milford, and other parts by Miss B. Lamb, ^iiss L. Moodie, Miss P. Browne, Miss Alma Stanley, Arthur Bour- chier, C Cartwright, C. Dalton, G. Giddens, L. Rignold, H. Eversfield, H. Loraine, etc. ; transferred to the Princess's Theatre in December, 1894 ; produced at the Academy of Music, New York, in August, 189.5, as 'The Sporting Duchess.' (2) A melodrama in four acts, by Alfred H. Spink, first per- formed at the Columbus Theatre, New York, February 4, 1895. Derbyshire, The Wonders of. See Wonders of Derbyshire. Derrick, Joseph. Dramatic writer ; author of 'Little Stranger' (1880), 'The American ' (1882), ' Confusion ' (1883), ' Twins ' (1884), ' Plebeians' (1886), ' Curiosity ' (1886). Descart, the French Buccaneer. A melodrama in two acts, by Douglas Jerrold {q.v.), performed at the Coburg Theatre, London. Deschamps, E. Author of a transla- tion of 'Macbeth' ("revised"), produced at the Odeon Theatre, Paris, in 1848. Deschapelles, Pauline. The heroine of Lytton's ' Lady of Lyons ' {q.v.). Desdemona. Daughter to Brdbantio in 'Othello' {q.v.). Hazlitt says of her: "The truth of conception, with which timidity and boldness are united in the same character, is marvellous. The extra- vagance of her resolutions, the pertinacity of her affections, may be said to arise out of the gentleness of her nature. They imply an unreserved reliance on the purity of her own intentions, an entire surrender of her fears to her love, a knitting of herself (heart and soul) to the fate of another." Desei't Flower (The). An opera in three acts, libretto by A. Harris and T. J. Williams (from the French), music by W. Vincent Wallace ; first performed at Covent Garden Theatre, October 12, 1863. Desert Island (The). A "dramatic poem" in three acts, by Murphy, adapted from Metastasio's one-act play ' L'Isola Disabitata ; or, The Uninhabited Island,' and performed at Drury Lane Theatre in 1760. Deserted Daug-hter (The). A comedy by Thomas Holcroi-t, first performed at Covent Garden in May, 1795, with Miss Wallis in the title part (Joanna Mordent), Pope as Mordent, Harley as Lennox (who seeks to seduce Joanna), Lewis as Cheveril DESERTED VILLAGE 394 DETCHON (who marries her in the end), Quick as Item (Mordent's rascally steward), and other parts by Munden, Mrs. Pope, and Mrs. Mattocks ; revived at Covent Garden in 1819, with alterations, as 'The Steward.' Deserted Villag-e (The). A drama in three acts, by F. Fox Cooper (q.v.), first performed with a cast including Yates, " O." Smith, Reeve, Buckstone, and Mrs. Yates. Deserter (The). A musical drama, translated by C. Dibdin from ' Le Deserteur,' and first performed at Drury Lane The- atre in November, 1773. The same story was utilized in ' The Deserter of Naples, a ballet produced at the Royalty Theatre in January, 1788. Deserter in a Fix (A). A farce by B. SOANE ROBV, Opera House, Leicester, February 10, 1879, with the author, C. L. Carson, and Miss Marie Linden in the cast. Deserts of Arabia (The). An operatic spectacle, words by Frederic Reynolds, music bv G. Lanza, jun., first performed at Covent Garden in November, 1806. Deserving- Favourite (The). A play by LODOWiCK Carlell (q.v.), printed in 1629. " Tlie plot, which provides the Duke's rival in the affections of the heroine Clarinda —when she proves to be his sister— with a refuge in the love of the royal huntress Cleonarda, is not contrived without origi- nality and skill." Desmarets, in Tom Taylor's ' Plot and Passion' (q.v.), "is a mean, double-faced, fawning, cunning, treacherous tool [of Fouche], in whom the sordid passions have nevertheless not wholly extinguished others that place him entirely at the mercy of his victims" (Henry Morley). Desmarets, Tom Taylor has said, " was an afterthought not contemplated in my original sketch of the story, but worked into it after I had seen the actor [Robson], then new to London, in the part of the Jew in a travesty of Shylock which had just before made a sensation at the Olympic." Desperado the Dauntless, Sir, figures in Albert Smith's ' Alhambra ' iq.v.). There is a Desperado, also, in H. J. Byron's 'Beautiful Haid^e' (q.v.). Desperate Adventures of the Baby (The) ; or, A Wandering- Heir. An extravaganza by C. H. Ross (q.v.) and A. F. Freer, first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on December 14, 1878, with M. Marius as Rajah Real Jam, and Misses Yiolet Cameron and Lottie Venne in other parts. Desperate Game (A). (1) A comic drama in one act, by J. Maddison Morton, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 9, 1853, by Miss Woolsar, Keeley, and Leigh Murray. (2) A play performed at San Francisco, U.S.A., in April, 1887, with Miss Jetfrys Lewis as Zaire Lnriot. Desperate Love (A). A play by J. F. Milliken and E. Morrison.— 'A Des- perate Man : ' a play by Anson Pond.— ' Desperate Straits : ' a play by H. H. Winslow. [All of these have been per- formed in U.S.A.]. — 'Desperation :' a play by George Roy and Bessie Reid, West Bromwich, England, June, 1887. Despite the "World. See Voltaire's Wager. Desprez, Frank. Dramatic writer; author of ' B. B.' (1879), ' Brum ' (1880), ' On Business ' (1880), and ' Metamoros ' (1889) ; author, also, of the libretti of ' Madame Angot ' (1875), ' Happy Hampstead ' (1876), ' After All ' (1878), ' Tita in Thibet ' (1879). • In the Sulks ' (1880), ' Quite an Adventure ' (1881), 'Mock Turtles' (1881\ 'The Carp' (1886), 'Mrs. Jarramie's Genie ' (1888), 'Delia' (1889), ' Brother George ' (1892), etc ; co- author, with H. S. Leigh and A. Murray, of the libretto of 'Belle Lurette' (1883), with Arnold Felix, of the libretto of 'A Private Wire' (1883), and, with George Dance, of the libretto of 'The Nautch Girl' (1891). Destiny. (1) A drama in four acts, by Edward Towers, produced at the East London Theatre on February 24, 1869. (2) A comedy-drama in three acts, by W. F. Ly'ON, produced at Richmond, Surrey, in November, 1881. (3) The title of plays by Barrett Sylvester and W. F. Sage, per- formed in the United States. Destouches. See Adelinda. Destroyed by Drink. An adaptation . by J. W. Lacy of Zola's ' L'Assommoir ' (q.v.), produced at the Queen's Theatre, ' Dublin, on August 25, 1879. Destroying- Ang-el (The). A drama in four acts, by F. A. Scudamore, produced at the Brixton Theatre, London, March 1, 1897. Destruction of Jerusalem (The). A play by Thomas Legge, mentioned in Kirkman's catalogue, 1661. (2) 'The De- struction of Jerusalem by Titus Vespasian' was a tragedy in two parts, by J. Crowne < (q.v.), acted at the Theatre Royal, and printed in 1677. Destruction of Troy (The). A tra- gedy by J. Banks (q.v.), acted at the Duke's Theatre in 1678. Destruction of the Bastille (The). A drama in two acts, by Benjamin and F. Webster, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Whit :\Ionday, 1844, with B. Webster as Robespierre, and other parts bv "O" Smith, P. Bedford, Wright, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Yates, and Mdnie. Celeste ; performed at the Bowery Theatre, New York, September, 1848, with N. B. Clarke as Robespierre. Desvallieres, Maurice. See BoR' rowed. Detchon, Adelaide. See Agnes. I DETECTIVE DEVIL IS AN ASS Detective (The). (1) A play adapted by C. H. Hazlewood from the ' Leonard ' of Brisbarre and Nus, and first performed at the Victoria Theatre, London, on July 20, 1863, "With Lydia Foote as Ben Moddleson, and other parts by Miss Maria Daly, Frederic Villiers, and George Yarnold. See Ticket- of-Leave :Max. (2) A drama in four acts, by Clement Scott and E. Man'uel, adapted from 'Le Parricide,' and tirst performed at ;he Mirror Theatre, London, on ]Mav 29, 1875, rtith F. H. Macklin, D. Fisher, F. W. Irish, Miss Ernstone, etc., in the cast. Deuce is in Her (The). A play by J. J. Raymond (7. »;.)• Deuce is in Him (The). A farce by jEORGE Colman iq.v.), first acted at Drury Jane in November, 1763, with King as Prattle., O'Brien as CuU.nd Tamper, Miss ..'ope as Emihi, etc. " The first hint of this liece -was taken from the episode of Lin- lor in Marmontel's ' Tales.' " Deux Aveug-les (Les). An operetta, lusic by Offenbach, performed in England .nder various titles, such as ' The Blind ieggars,' ' Pity the Poor Blind,' and ' The 'wo Blinds.' Deux Gosses (Les). See Two Little AGABONDS. Deux Journees (Les). See Escapes ; R, The Water-carrier. Deux' Orphelines (Les). See Blind iSTEit, The ; and Two Orphans, The. Deux Sourds (Les). See Old Goose- err y. Deux Timides (Les). A vaudeville f Labiche, revived at the Gaiety Theatre, ondon, on tlie afternoon of Februarv 4, i86, with I\IM. Schey and :Marius,' AV. erbert, Miss Kate Monroe, and Miss elena Dacre in the cast. Device (The ; or. The Marriage flB.ce. A comic opera by Richards, per- rmed at Covent Garden on May 5, 1777. ;) ' The Device ; or, The Deaf Doctor,' a rce by F.. Pilon from the French, per- rmed at Covent Garden in September, .79, was afterwards played as ' The Deaf )ver.' Devil (The) figures prominently in the \\ " mysteries " and " moralities." " The aatment of the Devil," says A. W. Ward, las signally varied at different times and the hands of different writers ; but it has rely altogether excluded those humorous mients which the complexity of the prin- )le of negation involves. They pervade e part played by the Devil in the religious ama, and taken over, beard and all, from e miracles into the moralities and their rivatives. In the English moralities oper, the Devil is consistently charged his_ own account with the conduct of the position to the moral purpose or lesson .lich the action of these compositions is isigned to enforce " (' English Dramatic [Serature '). See Vice, The. Devil (The) figures in Foote's ' The Devil upon Two Sticks' {q.v.), and is a character in Ingeland's ' Disobedient Child ' (Sl.v.). Devil and Dr. Faustus (The). A play in three acts, by Leman Rede, with Mrs. Keeley and Lacy in the title parts. See Faustus. Devil and his Dame (The). A play by W. Houghton {q.v.), mentioned in Henslowe's 'Diary' under date of March, 1600. See Grim, the Collier of Croy- don. Devil at Dowg-ate (The). See Wit at Several Weapons. Devil at the Elbow (The) ; or, Two Mothers to One Child. A drama adapted by C. H. Hazlewood from D'Ennery's ' Marie Jeanne,' Britannia Theatre, London, August 3, 1874. Devil Caresfoot. A play in four acts, adapted by C. Haddon Chambers and J. Stanley Little from Rider Haggard's novel, ' Dawn ; ' first performed at the \ aude- ville Theatre, London, July 12, 18s7, with C. Charrington as George Caresfoot, Miss Janet Achurch as Angela Caresfoot, and other parts by Royce Carleton, Fuller Mellish, Hamilton Knight, C.Dodsworth, Eric Lewis, Miss Carlutta Addison, Miss F. Brough.and Mrs. Carter ; revived at the Strand Theatre, London, on August 6, 1S87, with same cast as above, save that Miss Lottie Venne and J. Tresahar were substituted for Miss F. Brough and Hamilton Knight ; transferred on August 13 to the Comedy Theatre. Devil in London (The). A satirical drama in three acts, by R. B. Peake {q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Easter Monday, 1840, with Yates as the Devil, P. Bedford as Mephistophelcs, Honey as Asmodeus, and other parts by Wright, Buckstone, Mrs. Keeley, etc. Devil in Paris (The). A dramatic farce, first performed at the Olympic The- atre, New York, in February, 1845, with Miss Mary Taylor in the title part. Devil is an Ass (The). A comedy by Ben Jonson, acted in 1616 by the King's servants at Blackfriars, but not printed till 1631 ; revived at the Theatre Royal in 1682. Among the characters are Satan, " the great devU," and Pug, " the less devil." Pug " obtains leave to come on earth, as he is very desirous to do the commonwealth of hell some service. Pug is made an ass of on every possible occasion. He is at last put into prison for stealing a suit of clothes. Satan orders him to be carried off, as it would be a disgrace to their state to have a devil hanged " (Genest). The other personce include Iniquity (the Vice), Fabian Fitz- dottrel (a squire of Norfolk), Meercraft (a projector), \Yittipol{d. young gallant). Engine (a broker), Thomas Gilthead (a goldsmith'. Sir Paul Eitherdde (a lawyer and justice) and his wife. Shackles (keeper of Newgate), DEVIL OF A DUKE 396 DEVIL'S LUCK Lady Tailhush (a lady projector), and Pitfall (her woman). "The writing," says Swin- burne, "is admirable; the wealth of comic matter is only too copious. ... On the other hand, it is of all Ben Jonson's come- dies since the date of 'Cynthia's Revels' the most obsolete in subject of satire, the most temporary in its allusions and appli- cations" ('A Study of Ben Jonson'). See Satan. Devil of a Duke (The) ; or, Trappo- lin's Vagraries. A ballad farce by R. Drury, acted at Drury Lane in 1732. Devil of a Lover (A). A musical farce in two acts, words by :Mo\vbray and music by T. Attwood ; first performed at Covent Garden in March, 1798. "The plot was taken from a German novel called ' The Sorcerer.' " Devil of a Wife (The) ; or, A Comical Transformation. A farce by Thomas Jevcjx, founded on the story of :Mopsa in Sidney's ' Arcadia ; ' acted at the Theatre Royal in 1656, and revived at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1724. See Devil TO Pay. Devil on Two Sticks (The). A romantic drama in two acts, fuumled by R. B. Peake upon the romance by Le Sage, and first performed at Drury Lane in Decem- ber, 1836, with Wieland in the title part {Asmodeus). Devil to Pay (The) ; or, The Wives Metamorphosed. A ballad farce by Charles Coffey iq.v.), Mottley, and Theophilus Cibber, based on Jevon's ' Devil of a Wife ' {q.v.), and first performed at Drury Lane in August, 1731, with Miss Raftor (afterwards Mrs. Olive) as Nell and Cibber, jun., as Dungfork. " To the part of Nell the great Mrs. Clive owed the rise of her great reputation." An adaptation called ' The Basket-Maker's AVife ' was performed at Niblo's Garden, New York, in December, 1852, with Hudson as Herman {Johson), Mrs. :Maeder as the Countess, and Mdme, Thillon as Lettij {Nell). Devil upon Tvsro Sticks (The). A comedy by Samuel Foote iq.v.), first acted at the Haymarket in ?*Iay, 1768, with Foote as the Devil. See Asmodeus, COUNTRY Squire, and Last Squib. Devil's Bridge (The). An operatic romance in three acts, words by S. J. Arnold, music by C. E. Horn and Braham ; first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Lon- don, on May 6, 1812, with Braham, De Camp, Mrs. Bland, and Miss Kelly. Devil's Charter (The). A tragedy by Barnaby Barnes, based on the story of Pope Alexander VI., as told by Guicciar- dini, who is himself one of the personce. The play, which was performed before King James I. at Christmas, 1606-7, owes some- thing to Marlowe's 'Dr. Faustus.' Devil's Daug-hter (The). See Tenta- TION, La. Devil's Daughters (The); or, Hell upon Earth! A "magical operatical'* burletta in three acts, by Edward Stir- ling, first performed at the Victoria Theatre,. London, on November 11, 1889. Among the characters are Satan, the Misses Nick (his • daughters), and Young Nick (his nephew)^ Cerberus, Beelzebub, Devil on Two Sticks, Zamiel, Bottle Imp. On the following Mon- day, November 17, was produced at the Queen's Theatre ' The Devil's Daughter ; or» Beelzebub's Belles,' by Lancaster. Devil's Deputy (The). A comic opera, words by J. Cheever Goodwin and music by Edward Jakobowski, first performed at Abbey's Theatre, New York, September 10, 1894. Devil's Disciple (The). A play in three acts, by George Bernard Shaw, first acted at Harmanus Bleecker Hall, Albany, New York, October 1, 1897, by Richard Mansfield and his company; first performed in New York City, at Fifth Avenue Theatre, on October 4, 1897 ; first performed in England at the Princess of Wales's Theatre, Kennington, London, Sep- tember 26, 1899, with a cast including , Murray Carson, Luigi Lablache, Miss Elsie Chester, Miss Bessie Hatton. Devil's Ducat (The) ; or, The Gift , of Mammon. A romantic drama in two . acts, by Douglas Jerrold {q.v.), first per- : formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in • December, 1830, with " O." Smith as Mam- mon, and other parts by Yates, Buckstone, Mrs. Yates, etc. Devil's Elixir (The); or, The ShadoAvless Man. A musical romance in tv/o acts, written by E. FiTZBALL {q.v.), and performed at Covent Garden in April, 1829, with Keeley, " O." Smith, and Miss Goward (Mrs. Keeley) in the cast. Devil's House (The). A play in four acts, by H. A. Kennedy, Theatre Royal, Birmingham, June 15, 1900. Devil's in It (The). A romantic drama in three acts, founded by T. E. Wilks {q.v.)- on a play by Scribe, and first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, in May,. 1843, with a cast including Higgle, W. Lacy, < Wright, P. Bedford, A. Harris, Honner,. and Miss E. Honner. Devil's in the Wine CeUar (The). See Walking Statue, The. • Devil's Law Case (The); or, When Women go to Law, the Devil is Full' of Business. A tragi-comedy by John Webster, printed in 1623, though written (Fleay thinks) in 1610. "Such interest as it possesses, apart from the excellence of particular passages, lies chiefly in the con- duct of a story of many folds and with no very satisfactory ending" (Ward). See Lamb's ' Specimens of the Dramatic Poets. . Devil's Luck; or, The Man she Loved. A drama in five acts, by LlLlf' Tinsley and G. Conquest, Adelphi The- atre, Liverpool, August, 1885 ; Surrey The- atre, London, September 21, 1885. I DEVIL'S MINE DIAMOND DEANE Devil's Mine (The). A melodrama in our acts, by Fked. Dahcy, first performed n England at Grand Hall, Maidenhead, ipril 25, 1891 ; Pavilion Theatre, London, fuly 23, 1894. Devil's Mount (The) ; or, The Fe- aale Bluebeard. A romantic drama in wo acts, adapted by T. Higgie (q.v.)irom he French, and performed at tlie Queen's 'heatre, London, in May, 1847. i Devil's Opera (The), with music by 'ir G. A. Macfarren {q.v.), was tirst per- Drmed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, ^ugust 13, 1838, with a cast including 7ieland (as Diavoletto), Miss Rainforth, liss Poole, Mrs. Seguin, Frazer, Seguin, ad S. Jones. " The libretto, written by ie composer's father, was meant as a itire upon the taste for diablerie prevalent t the time, and which had resulted in such pera-books as ' Der Freyschiitz,' ' Robert le 'iable,' and others " (M. Williams). Devil's Ringr (The); or,Fire, Water, larth, and Air. A ' ' grand musical fairy )mance, in three acts and four elements," ritten and composed by G. H. Rodwell, id first performed at Drury Lane on April 1, !50. Devil's Violin (The). An extrava- ,inza in verse by Benjamin Webster {q.v.), irst performed at the Adelphi Theatre, Lon- bn, in May, 1849, with a cast including 0." Smith, P. Bedford, E. Wright, Miss 'oolgar, and Madame Celeste. Devilish Good Joke (A). An inter- de in one act, by T. HiGGlE(j.i'.), Victoria leatre, London, 1848. Devilshoof. A gipsy in Balfe's Bohemian Girl' (jq.v.), and in the various irlesques of that opera {q.v.). Devlin, Mary. See Booth, Edwin. Devonshire. A British lord in Middle- iN'S ' Mayor of Queenborough ' {q.v.). Devotion. (1) A drama by F. G. Cheat- ;tM, Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, March 1, 1870. (2) A drama, in a prologue and three Its, by Mrs. S. Lane {q.v.), Britannia leatre, London, March 14, 18S1. (3) A s.y in four acts, by D. G. Boucicault I).), founded on Lockroy and Badou's 'Un lel sous Richelieu,' and first performed the Court Theatre, London, on May 1, 34, with John ( lay ton, H. B. Conway, M. Paget, ]Miss Ada Cavendish, Miss •ttie Venne, and the author himself, in 3 cast. Devotion and Prej udice. A comedy ima by R. Brolgh {q.v.) and J. V. UDGEMAN {q.v.\ Theatre Royal, Brighton, ptember 7, 1874. Dewar, Fred. Actor ; was the original Dresentative of the following (and other) ■es:—Tunstall in 'Up at the Hills' (St. mes's Theatre, London, 1860), Dr. Bland ' Friends or Foes ' (18^2), the Count in ron's ' La 1 Sonnambula ' (Prince of Wales's Theatre, 1865), John Blunt in ' War to the Knife ' (1865), Tom Stylus in ' Society' (1865), Major Blackshaw in 'A Hundred Thousand Pounds ' (1366), Roland in ' Meg's Diversions ' (Royalty Theatre, 1866), CajAain Crosstree in Burnand's ' Black-Ey'd Susan ' (1866), Daddy Gray in A. Halliday's drama (1868), Cotint Arnheim in 'The Merry Zingara' (1868), the Marquis of Brute in Burnand's 'Beast and the Beauty ' (1869), Vanderdecken in W. Brough's ' Flying Dutch- man ' (1869), Dr. Onion in ' Love's Doctor ' (1870), Bishopriggs in Collins's 'Man and Wife' (Prince of Wales's, 1873), and Angus Macalister in ' Engaged ' (Haymarket, 1877). Dewhurst, J. Actor ; made his Lon- don dihut at Drury Lane in September, 1871, as Sir Brian de Bois Guilbert in ' Rebecca ' {q.v.). He was the first representative of Douglas in Halliday's ' Lady of the Lake ' (1872), and was in the original cast of W. G. Wills's ' Betrayed ' (1873). At the Princess's, London, in 1884, he played the Ghost in ' Hamlet.' Dexter, Tom, in T. Taylor's ' Overland Route' {q.v.). (2) Dexter is a character in Marston's ' Wife's Portrait' {q.v.). Dey and the Knig-ht (The) was per- formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in October, 1838, with Collins in five characters. Dhu, Roderick, figures in ' The Lady of the Lake' {q.v.) and in 'The Knight of Snowdoun' {q.v.). Diables Noirs (Les). See Passion and Self. Diadeste. An opera, libretto by E. FiTZ- BALL, music by M. W. Balfe ; produced at Drury Lane, May 17, 1838. Diamants de la Couronne (Les). See Crown Diamonds. Diamond Arrow (The). A comedietta in one act, by W. T. Moncrieff {q.v.), per- formed at the Olympic Theatre, Loudon. \vith music by G. W. Reeve. Diamond Breaker (The), by Scott Marble and H. P. Taylor, was first per- formed at Lawrence, Mass., December 26, 1892 ; first performed in New York at the Windsor Theatre, February 13, 1893. Diamond cut Diamond. (1) A comedy in two acts, translated by Lady Wallace from 'Guerre Ouverte, ou Ruse Contre Ruse,' and printed in 1787. See Midnight Hour. (2) ' Diamond cut Dia- mond ; or, Venetian Revels : ' a musical piece in two acts, first performed at Covent Gar- den in May, 1797. (3) ' Diamond cut Dia- mond:' a farce by W\ H. Murray, fir.st performed at the Adelphi Theatre, Edin- burgh, in 1838, with Murray as Irap and Lloyd as Trick. Diamond Deane. A play in four acts, by Henry J. W. Dam (q.v.), first performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on March 18, 1891, with a cast including Miss Dorothy Dorr, Miss Jessie Milhvard, T. Thorne, F. Thorne, H. B. Conway, etc. DIAMOND RING 398 DIBDIN Diamond Ring- (A). A comedy-drama by W. J. Wild, Queen's Theatre, Man- chester, March 6, 1885.—' The Diamond Ring ; or. Life in London : ' a drama by Forbes Dawson, performed (for copyright purposes) at Shepherd's Bush, London, May 14, 1892. Diamond Rush (The). A play in five acts, by G. D. Day and Sidney Bowkett, first performed (for copyright purposes) at Theatre Royal, Cambridge, February 6,1895. Diamond Statue (The). A pantomime by H. Spry, Britannia Theatre, London, December 26, 1882. Diamonds. A comedy in five acts, by Bronson Howard (g.u.), first performed at Daly's Theatre, New York, on September 3, 1872, with H. Crisp as Hamilton Wyckoff, Charles Rockwell as Reddington, G. Clarke as Percival Jarvis, W. Davidge as Dr. Shuttleivorth, J. Lewis as Todd, W. J. Le Moyne as Uncle Ned, Miss F. Davenport as Nellie Wyckoff, Miss F. Morant as Cornelia Vandycke, ^Nliss Clara Morris as Herminie, Miss Sara Jewett as Mabel Wyckoff, Mrs. Gilbert as the Todd. Diamonds and Hearts. A comedy adapted by Gilbert a Beckett {q.v.) from Sardou's 'Nos Bons Villageois,' and first performed at the Haymarket, .March 4, 1867, with a cast including W. Chippendale, H. Howe, W. Farren, Miss Nelly Moore, Miss lone Burke. Diamonduck. The princess in Reece's ' Ulf the Minstrel ' (g.r.). Diana. A play by Sydney Rosen- FELD, first performed at Manchester, N.H., U.S.A., in September, 1892.— Diana figures in PLANCHfe'S ' Orpheus in the Haymarket' {q.v.). Diana, Donna. See Donna Diana. Diane. A play in five acts, by James Mortimer (g. v.), adapted from the 'Diane dn Lys ' of Dumas fils (1853), and first per- formed at Toole's Theatre, London, on Sep- tember 9, 1882, with Miss Fanny Davenport in the title role, Hermann Vezin as Count du Lys, Eben Plympton as Paul Aubry, and P. Day, H, Reeves Smith, E. Lyons, Miss Eleanor Bufton, and Miss Sophie Eyre in other parts. Diaper. A character in Hodson's ♦ Adventures of a Night' (q-v.). Diaphanta. A waiting - woman in MiDDLETON's ' Changeling ' (q.v.). Diarmid. A grand opera in four acts, founded on heroic Celtic legends, written by the Marquis of Lorne, composed by Hamish M'Cunn, and produced at Covent Garden, October 23, 1897. Diary. Maid to Augusta in Andrews and Reynolds' 'Better Late than Never' {q.v.). Diavoletto. A black slave who mas- querades as the Devil in Macfarren's •Devil'a Opera' ((7. i;.). Diavolo. A play by Fred. G. Maeder, first performed at Hudson, New York, December 28, 1891. Diavolo, Fra. See Era Diavolo and! Young Fra Diavolo. Dibble. A coxcomb in Cumberland's ' Choleric Man' {q.v.). Dibbles, Tom. A character in Buck- stone's ' Good for Nothing' (q.v.). Dibdin, Charles. Actor, vocalist. dramatic writer, and musical composer, bori: 1745, died 1814 ; was intended for the Church, but early developed a love of music and a capacity for singing and composing. In 1762 he made his public debut as actoi and vocalist at Richmond, going thence tc^ Birmingham, and afterwards to Covent Gar, den, where he was encouraged to write foi the stage, and where his first dramatic and musical work, 'The Shepherd's Artifice, was performed in 1764. In this piece h( enacted Strephon. In the f oUoAving year h( was the original Ralph in ' The Maid of th( Mill,' and the first Young Cockney in 'Lov(. in the City ' {q.v.). In 1768 he went to Drurj Lane, where he was the original Mungo ir ' The Padlock ' {q.v.). In 1769 he began tc compose for Ranelagh, and in 1772 to writi and compose for Sadler's Wells. Later hi acted as composer to Covent Garden The atre for two seasons; and for two seasons 1782-3, he was manager of the newly-erectec Royal Circus, for which he wrote freely. In; 1787-8 he gave, in the provinces, the first o his " entertainments," afterwards describee, in ' The Musical Tour of Mr. Dibdin.' Th. second was started in 1789 in King Street i Covent Garden, under the name of 'Th( Whim of the Moment ; ' the third, caUec^ ' The Oddities,' was located at the Lyceum, where he sang for the first time his famou. song, 'Tom Bowling.' Thence he movei successively to a room ("Sans Souci")_ii the Strand, and to a small theatre whicl he built in Leicester Place (1796-1805).^ Ii the last-named year his public career virtu ally ended. The following are some of th. dramatic pieces of which he was botl. author and composer :— ' The Ladle' (1772), 'The Grenadier' (1773), 'The Waterman (1774), 'The Cobler' (1774), 'The Quaker (1775); 'The Seraglio,' 'The Fortune Hunter and ' All's not Gold that Glitters ' (1776) 'Poor Vulcan,' 'Rose and Colin,' 'Annett and Lubin,' and 'The Milkmaid' (1778) ' The Chelsea Pensioner,' ' The Mirror,' an ' The Touchstone ' (1779) ; ' The Shepherdes of the Alps' and 'The Islanders' (1780) 'Jupiter and Alcmena' (1781), 'None s Blind as those who won't See ' (1782) ; ' Tli Benevolent Tar' and 'The Lancashir Witches' (1783 and 1784); 'Liberty Hall (1785), ' Harvest Home ' (1787), and ' Hanna Hewett' (1798). Dibdin also wrote 'Th Gipsies' {q.v.), for which Dr. Arnold con; posed the music. He himself provided musr for ' Love in the City,' ' Damon and Philhda ' Lionel and Clarissa,' ' The Padlock,' 'Th. Recruiting Sergeant,' ' The Wedding Rmg DIBDIN DICK WHITTINGTON etc. His 'History of the Stage' appeared in 1795, and his account of his ' Professional Life ' in 1803. A ' Brief Memoir ' of him, by Dr. Kitchener, was published in 1S23 ; see also the memoir by George Hogarth pre- fixed to the 1842 edition of Dibdin's ' Songs,' ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812), ' Dictionary of Music and Musicians ' (1879). Dibdin, Charles Isaac Mung-o. Dramatic and miscellaneous ^vriter, born 1768, died 1833 ; illegitimate son of Charles Dibdin (q.v.) ; for some years a proprietor and the acting manager of Sadler's Wells Theatre, for which he wrote the following (and other) pieces :—'Claudine,' burletta (1801), 'The Great Devil,' spectacle (1801), 'Barbara Allen,' 'The Farmer's Wife,' ' Goody Two-Shoes,' and ' The Old Man of the Mountains.' He was also the author of 'A History of the London Theatres' (1826). Dibdin, Thomas John. Actor, the- atrical manager, and dramatic writer, born 1771, died 18-11 ; illegitimate son of Charles Dibdin ; was apprenticed to an upholsterer, but in 1789 made his debut as an actor at Eastbourne under the assumed name of "Merchant." Experience in the provinces followed, and then came in 1794 the be- ginning of an engagement at Sadler's Wells, in the latter part of which he was prompter and joint stage-manager. In 1799 he went to Covent Garden, with which he was connected, mainly as dramatic writer, for several years. He was afterwards manager successively at the Surrey Theatre, Drury Lane, the Surrey again (1816-1822), and the Haymarket. The following are among the more notable of his stage productions (all of which see) : — ' Alonzo and Imogine,' ' The Birthday,' ' Blindman's Buff,' '11 Bondu- cani,' ' The Cabinet,' ' The Jew and the Doctor,' ' The Lady of the Lake,' ' The Mad Guardian,' ' Mother Goose,' ' The Mouth of the Nile,' 'Nelson's Glory,' 'Of Age To- morrow,' ' Sadak and Kalasrade,' ' The School for Prejudice,' ' Valentine and Orson,' ' The WiU for the Deed.' In 1793 Dibdin married Miss Nancy Hilliar, who made her debut at Covent Garden in 1799. See T. J. Dibdin's ' Reminiscences' (1827). Dice of Death (The). A romantic drama in three acts, by John Oxenford (q.v.), produced (with music by E. J. Loder) at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in June, 1836, with "O." Smith as Mephistopheles, and other parts by Serle, Bland, Tilbury, and Miss P. Horton. Dick. A comic opera in two acts, libretto by Alfred Murray, music by Edward Jakobowski, firso performed at the Globe Theatre, London, on April 17, 1884, with Mdlle. Camille Dubois in the title part. Miss Ethel Pierson as Alice, Miss Gladys Homfrey as Princess Badoura, Miss Hetty Chapman as Edgar, J. L. Shine as Alder- man Fitzwarren, F. H. Laye as Blobbs, C. Lyall as Jack Jorldns, and C. Cart^vright as the Emperor of Morocco ; transferred suc- cessively to the Gaiety and Empire The- atres ; played in the English provinces in 1884, with Miss Ethel Pierson in her original part, Miss Fannie Leslie as Dick, and Wilfrid Shine as the Alderman. Dick. The "apprentice" in Murphy's play of that name {q.v.). Dick, Cotsford. Playwright and mu- sician ; is the author of the following dra- matic pieces :— ' Dr. D.' (1885), ' The Waif," an adaptation (1892), ' The Baroness ' (1892), ' Marriage h la Mode ' (1895), ' The New Husband ' (1895). ' The Great Comet ' (1896). He also wrote the music for ' Dr. D.' and 'The Baroness,' as well as for ' Our Doll's House '(2.t;.) (1877). Dick Sheridan. A comedy in four acts, by Robert Buchanan {q.v.), first performed at the Comedy Theatre, London, on Feb- ruary 3, 1394, with H. B. Irving as Richard Brinsley Sheridan, Lews Waller as Captain Matthews, Brandon Thomas as Dr. Jonathan O'Leary, Cyril Maude as Lord Dazzleton, E. Maurice as Jf?-. Linley, Sidney Brough as Sir Harry Chase, W. Dennis as David Garrick, F. M. Paget as Mr. Wade (M.C. at Bath), J. Byron as Abednego (a money- lender). Miss Vane as Lady Miller, Miss L. Ashwell as Lady Pamela Stirrup, Miss Winifred Emery as Elizabeth Linley, and Miss Pattie Browne as Mrs. Lappet (her maid). See Sheridan. Dick Swiveller. A drama in four acts, by Charles Rennell, Theatre Royal, Brighton, December 5, 1870. Dick Turpin and Tom King-, The Adventiires of. A serio-comic drama by W. E. SUTER {q.v.), in which Miss Ada Rehan appeared in America as Mary Watsoii. (2) ' Richard Turpin and Tom King : ' a play by Morris Barnett {q.v.). (3) 'Bold Dick Turpin : ' an operetta, music by Henry Leslie, libretto by J. Palgrave Simpson {q.v.), first performed at the St. James's Theatre, Lon- don, on May 17, 1878. (4) ' Dick Turpm : ' by H. Grattan Donnelly, Tivoli Theatre, San Francisco, Cal., July 9, 1894. Dick Venables. A drama in four acts, by ARTHUR Law {q.v.), first performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre, London, on April 5, 1890, with E. S. Willard in the title part, and other roles by Arthur Elwood, H. V. Esmond, Alfred Bishop, E. W. Garden, H. Cane, Mrs. Canninge, Miss Annie Rose, and Miss Olga Brandon ; produced at the Queen's Theatre, Montreal, Canada, on August 8, 1892 ; performed under the title of ' Dart- moor ' at Wilmington, Del., U.S.A., on Octo- ber 14, 1892. Dick Whittingrton and his Cat. This famous nursery story has been made the basis of numerous pantomimes ; e.g. (1) by Harry Lemon, Crystal Palace, De- cember, 1869 ; (2) by Frank W. Green, Surrey Theatre, London, December, 1877 ; (3) by George Conquest and H. Spry, Surrey Theatre, London, December, 1889 ; (4) by Geoffrey Thorn, Pavilion Theatre, DICK WILDER 400 DID NOT THE HEAVENLY, ETC. London, December, 1889 ; (5) by Horace Lennard, Olympic Theatre, London, Decem- ber, 1892 ; (6) by WiLTON JONES and A. Melville, Standard Theatre, London, De- cember, 1893 ; (7) by AUGUSTUS Harris, €ecil Raleigh, and Henry Hamilton, Drury Lane Theatre, December, 1894 ; (8) by H. F. M'Lelland, Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, December, 1894 ; (9) by Leslie Moreton, Parkhurst Theatre, Hol- loway, London, December, 1895 ; (10) by Victor Stevens, Theatre Royal, Richmond, December, 1895 ; (11) by E. C. Matthkavs and H. T. Johnson, Grand, Fulham, Decem- "ber, 1898.— A burlesque on this subject, by James Horner, was produced at Walsall in June, 1884. See Dandy Dick Whittington, Dick, and Whittington Junior. Dick "Wilder. A play in four acts, by Mrs. MuSGRAVE (g.u.), first performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, on June 20, 1891, with H. B. Conway in the title part, and other rOles by F. Thorne. F. Grove, Miss Dorothy Dorr, Miss A. Dairolles, etc. Dick's Body. A character in Rose's * Vice Versa' {q-v.). Dickens, Charles. Novelist and mis- cellaneous writer, born 1812, died 1870 ; was the author of the following dramatic pieces (all of which see):— 'The Strange Gentle- man ' (1836), ' The Village Coquettes ' (1836), ' Is She his Wife ? or. Something Singular ! ' <1837), and an unacted piece called 'The Lamplighter' (1879). He also collaborated with ;Mark Lemon in a stage version of 'Mr. Nightingale's Diary' (rn 1801, died 1859; made his London but at Covent Garden in December, 1827, Polixenes in ' The Winter"s Tale.' Diddear, Miss. See Faucit, Mrs. Diddler, Jeremy. An ingenious indler in Kenney's 'Raising the Wind' v.). See Jeremy Diddler. Diderot. See Narcisse. Didier, Henri. The lover of Julifi mrques in E. Stirling's * Courier of ons' iq.v.). — Nanette Didier is the roine of ' The Milliner to the King' {,q.v.). jDidier, Marie. See Ragpicker of f.RIS. JDido. Queen of Carthage, and the jroine of many dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Tlie iigedie of Dido, Queene of Carthage, played tlie chUdren of Her Maiesties Chappell. dtten by Christopher I>Iaulo\ve and !:OMAS Nash,' and printed in 1594. (2) ido and ^neas:' a play acted by the id Admiral's servants in 1597, and pro- 3ly identical with the foregoing. (3) ido and ^Eneas ; ' an opera in three acts, jretto by T. D'Uri-ey and Nahum Tate, j sic by Henry Furcell, founded on Virgil's lilneid,' and tirst performed in 1680 :iMr. Josias Priest's boarding-school at (jlsea by "young gentlewomen ; " revived, (ithe occasion of the Purcell Bicentenary, tithe afternoon of November 20, 1895, at \ Lyceum, London, by students of the Ijyal College of Music. (4) ' Dido and -jieas:' a dramatic masque, written by Jrton Booth, with music by Dr. Arue, and Kformedat the Haymarket in 1734, with Xj!s Arne as Dido and Master Arne as Cupid. {'•Dido:' a tragedy by Joseph Reed, aiid at Drury Lane in 1767, with Mrs. Yates &]Dido and Powell as ^Eneas ; revived in 1^ at Drury Lane as ' The Queen of Car- tage,' with Mrs. Siddons as Dido. (6) Vdo : ' a comic opera by Thomas Bridges, aiid at the Haymarket in July, 1771. C ' Dido, Queen of Cartha<;e : ' an opera fjQ Metastatio, libretto by Prince Hoare, niic by Storace, tirst performed at the i'market in INIay, 1792, with :\ldme. Mara a 9ido. (8) ' Dido : ' an opera translated hi Metastasio by John Hoole, and Pited in 1800. (9) ' Dido : ' a burlesque D'<\ C. BUUNAND {q.v.\ first performed at tt St. James's Theatre, London, on Feb- riT 11, 1860, with Charles Young in the ti: part, Miss Clara St. Casse as Ai,neas, a: Miss Wyudham as Anna. "Entirely ' b re-written," this piece was revived at the Royalty Theatre, London, on November 8 1865, with Bentley in the title part, Miss Fanny Reeves as JEneas, Miss Lydia Mait- land as larbas (one of Dido's suitors), etc. Dieg-o. (1) The sexton in Beaumont and Fletcher's 'Spanish Curate' (q v.). (2) Friend to Louis de Castro in Middleton's ' Spanish Gipsy ' (q.v.). (3) An elderly lover in Bickerstaff's 'Padlock' (q.v.).— Diego is the name of characters in Tuke's ' Adven- tures of Five Hours' (q.v.) and Kotzebue's ' The Virgin of the Sun.' Dietrichstein, Leo. Actor and play- wright ; made his New York d<^but in the former capacity at the Garden Theatre in September, 1893. He is co-author, with Clyde Fitch (q. v.), of * A Superfluous Hus- band ' and ' Gossip.' Dietz, Linda. Actress ; born in New- York, where she made her professional debut in 1870, at the old Fifth Avenue The- atre, as Georgette in ' Fernande,' Her first appearance in England took place at the Haymarket Theatre in August, 1873, as Caroline Dormer in 'The Heir-at-Law' and Mrs. Fcatherly in ' The Widow Hunt.' After this came engagements at the Holborn and Globe Theatres, London, and a tour with E. A. Sothern through the English provinces and America. Subsequently Miss Dietz. played at the Union Square Theatre, New York, Marcelle in ' Mother and Son,' an adaptation of ' Les Bourgeois de Pontarcy,' afterwards figuring at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London (September, 1S79), in the same character in ' Duty ' (q.v.), James Albery's adaptation of the same original. In 1880 she enacted at the Haymarket Lydia Langtdsh in ' The Rivals,' Georgina Ve.sey in 'Money' (q.v.), and Lady Flora Flowerdew in 'Leap Year' (q.v.)\ also, at the St. James's, Miss Somers in ' Good Fortune.' In 1882 she was the original Mrs. MacDonald in B. C. Stephenson's ' Impulse ' at the St. James's, where, in 1885, she was seen as Celia in a revival of ' As You Like It.' Miss Dietz is the author of a comedietta called ' Lessons in Har- mony ' (1875), and of an adaptation entitled 'A Wild Love' (q.v.), in which she appeared in 1881 at many provincial centres in Eng- land. Dieu (Le) et la Bayadere. See Un- known AND THE Bayadere. Different Widows ; or, Intrig-ue a-la-Mode. A comedy performed at Lin- coln's Inn Fields in 1703, with Mrs. Lawson and Mrs. Leigh in the title characters— Lady Gayiove and Lady Bellmont. Dig-grery. A stage-struck servant in Jackman's ' All the World's a Stage' (q.v.). Digrg-es, Stephen. See Stephen DiGGES. Dig-g-es, "West. Actor, born 1720, died 1786 ; after experience at Dublin and Edinburgh (1749-1764)— at which latter 2 D DIG GORY 402 DIMOND place he was the original Young Norval in ' Douglas ' {q.v.) — appeared at the Hay- market (1777-1781) as Macbeth, King Lear, Shylock, Wolsey, Cato, Caratach (in ' Bon- duca'), Sir John Brute, Lord Townley, Major Oakley, etc. He afterwards acted in Ireland till 1784, when he was incapacitated by paralysis. O'Keefe says that his Norval, Wolsey, Macheath, and Hearty (in 'The Jovial Crew') were "most capital;" "he had a noble presence, a fine figure, large and manly." See Genest, Hitchcock's ' Irish Stage,' and Jackson's ' Scottish Stage.' Digrgory. Butler to the Hardcastles in Goldsmith's 'She Stoops to Conquer' (q.v.). Dignum, Charles. Actor and vocalist, born 1765, died 1827 ; was taught singing by Samuel Webbe and Thomas Linley, and made his professional debut at Drury Lane in 1784 as Young Meadoivs in ' Love in a Village' (q.v.). In 1796 he was the original Crop in Storace's ' No Song, no Supper.' Dilke, Thomas. Author of 'The Lover's Luck ' (1696), ' The City Lady ' (1697), and ' The Pretenders ' (1698), all of which Dilley, Joseph J. Dramatic writer, born 1838; author of 'A Sleeping Hare' (1868), 'Illusions' (1870), ' Auld Acquaint- ance '(1878), 'A Highland Fling' (1879), 'A Glimpse of Paradise ' (1887) ; also, part- author, with James Albery, of ' The Mate of the Mountjoy' (q.v.), 'Alexander the Great,' and ' Chiselling ; ' part-author, with i Lewis Clifton Lyne (q.v.), of ' Summoned to Court ' (1880), ' A Military Manoeuvre ' (1880), 'Tom Pinch' (1881), and 'Marjorie' (1889) ; and part-author, with Mary Rowsell, of ' Whips of Steel ' (1839) and ' Richard's Play' (1889). Dillon, Charles. Actor, bom at Diss, Norfolk, 1819; died June, 1881. Both of his parents were in the profession, and his mother played "leading business" in country theatres with such " stars " as Edmund Kean and Macready. Charles Dil- lon is said to have begun life at fifteen years of age, as stage-manager and per- former of juvenile roles under John Douglass in London. After this came an engagement to play small parts at the Surrey under Davidge (q.v.). His first appearance in the metropolis as an adult was as Hamlet at the City of London Theatre in 1S40. A long provincial novitiate ensued, in the course of which he was in management at Sheffield. In April, 1856, he figured at Sadler's Wells as Belphegor, and in the foUomng Septem- ber he began a lesseeship of the Lyceum Theatre which lasted till April, 1857. Dur- ing that period he was seen successively as Belpheqor, Claude Mflnotte, 'The Cavalier,' Fabian, Othello, WilliamTell, Sangfroid, 'The Cagot,' Virginius, Hamlet, Don Caesar de Bazan, Don Felix in ' The Wonder,' and Richelieu; he was also the original repre- sentative of D'Artagnan in the version of ' The Tliree INIusketeers ' (q.v.) done by him- self, Charles Rice, and Augustus Harris, an^ of Lord Revesdnle in Westland Marston's ' ^ Life's Ransom ' (q.v.). He next appeared a Drury Lane, but in 1858 was again lessee c the Lyceum, figuring as Rover in 'Wil Oats,' lago, Macbeth, and Louis XI., an adding to his original assumptions thos of Captain de la Rousse in Leigh Hunt ' Lovers' Amazement ' (q.v.) and Reuben Eo in Westland Marston's ' A Hard Struggle (q.v.). In 1860 Dillon was once more i London, appearing at Drury Lane as Williai Tell. After this came tours in the province and round the world, followed by a Londo rentrie in February, 1868, at Sadler's Well where he played Lear and other Shak spearean parts. In 1869 he was at Dnii Lane, appearing as Jean Valjean in 'Tl Man of Two Lives ' (q.v.). In August, 187: he was Manfred in a revival of Lord Byron drama at the Princess's Theatre. His ne: Metropolitan engagement was at Drury Lai in September, 1878, when he was Leontes i a revival of 'The Winter's Tale.' He wj last seen in London on December 7, 187 when he enacted Belphegor for his ' ' benefit He is credited with the authorship of a plf called ' Stricken Down,' produced in 187 " Mr. Charles Dillon," writes Westlai Marston, "was an actor of great emotion gifts, but very deficient in intellectual ont So long as he was under the impulse '. feelings, gay or grave, he could act wi great power, force, and delicacy. , . . characters of manly pathos that did not c; for refinement, Dillon had few superio: In comedy he showed great animal spiri and a keen sense of fun. . . . Somethir indeed, of the provincial actor clung to h even in his best days. His happiest effo were at times marred by his want of bearii and by the grandiosity which was his sv stitution for it " (' Our Recent Actors, See Morley's 'Journal of a Playgoer,' t' Era for June, 1881, and Pascoe's 'Dj matic List' (1880).— :Mrs. Charles Dill' (Clara Conquest) died in July, 1888. ^: had been seen in London, with her husba:, as Madeline in 'Belphegor,' Desdemo: Virginia, etc. (1856-7). — Clara DilD( daughter of Charles Dillon, died in Fj- ruary, 1893. She was the author of th'> plays— 'A Fight for Life,' 'The Hun,' Tiger,' and, with E. Ranier, 'The Sil.. Foe.' Dime Novel (The). A play by Ai. GUNTER, performed in U.S.A. Dimity. Maid to Mrs. Drugget i i Murphy's 'Three Weeks after Marrial (q.v.). Dim.ity's Dilem.ma. A farce by S.' •• COLM C. Salaman (q.v.), first performec t the Gaiety Theatre, London, February', 1887. Dimmesdale, Arthur. See Scak t Letter. Dimond, "William. Dramatic wri j son of a theatrical manager at Bath A Bristol; author of ' The' Seaside St.' I DIMPLE 403 DIPLUXACY (1801), ' The Hero of the North ' (1803), ' The Hunter of the Alps ' (1804), ' Youth, Love, and Folly' (1805), 'Adrian and Orrila ' ;;1806), 'The Young Hussar' (1807), 'The Foundling of the Forest' (1809), 'The Broken Sword,' ' The Lady anil the Devil,' Stage Struck,' etc. Hazlitt said of Dimond's joroductions that they had "so strong a •'amily likeness that, from having seen any imeof them, we may form a tolerable correct dea of the rest. . . . The author does not profess to provide a public entertainment .t his own entire expense, and from his nvn proper funds, but contracts with the nanagers to get up a striking and impres- ive exhibition in conjunction with the cene-painter, the scene-shifter, the musical omposer, the orchestra, the chorusses on he stage, and the lungs of the actors !" ; Dimple, Dorothy, in Raymond's .Balance of Comfort' (q.v.). There is a )avid Dimple in Buckstone's ' Leap Year ' I.V.). Dimples. A play by H. P. Taylor, erformed in U.S.A. Din, Dam.e. Wife of Booze {q.v.) in .NDREWb' ' Belphegor ' (fl-v.). Dingr-dong:. The king in Mortimer's, id also in JiURNAND's, ' White Fawn ' {q.v.). Ding-, Dong-, Bell. A pantomime bv ELSO.N Lee {q.v.), produced at the City o"f ondon Theatre at Christmas, 1866. The ist included Miss Constance Loseby. Dinmont, Dandie, in the adaptations ' Guy Mannering' {q.v.). Dinner for Nothing-. CHELTiNAM {q.V.). A farce by C. Dinner for Two- A comedietta in le act, by R. C. Carton, Theatre Royal, -•ighton, March 9, 1893. jDinorah. An opera, music by Meyer- her, first performed, with English libretto !' Henry Chorley, at Covent Garden, in itober, 1859, with W. Harrison as Corentino, .ntley as Uoel, St. Albyn as Claude, H. irri as Louis the Hunter, and Miss Louisa ne as Dinorah.—A. burlesque of this per- rmance, written by William Brough, d entitled 'Dinorah under Difficulties,' i3 produced in November of the same ar at the Adelphi Theatre, with J. L. oleas 3/r. Topsawyer, a country manager, 10, in the absence of his prima donna, has play Dinorah himself, with Paul Bedford his Hoel, Miss Kate Kelly as his Coren- 0, C. J. Smith as his prompter, and so •th. Dioclesian, Emperor of Rome, figures Massinger's ' Virgin Martyr' iq.v.). See ophetess. The. Diogenes and his Lantern ; or, A lie and Cry after Honesty. An ngmal, classical, mythical, musical, sa- *^al, political, comical, gnomical, and itico-economical" extravaganza, in seven scenes, by Tom Taylor {q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on December 26, 1849, with P. Emery as Diogenes, Leigh Murray as Jupiter, W. Farren, jun., as Mars, Mrs. Leigh Murray as Apollo, Mrs. Stirling as Minerva, Miss Rebecca Isaacs as Venus, Miss Isabel Adams as Ceres, etc. Edward FitzGerald wrote of the piece : "'Diogenes' has very good Aristophanic points in it, but its action was rather slow, I thought." Diplomacy. A play in five acts, bv Clement Scott (g.tj.) and B.C. Stephenson {q.v.), adapted from Sardou's 'Dora,' and first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on January 12, 1878, with Mrs. Bancroft as the Countess Zicka, Mrs. Kendal as Dora, Miss Le Thiere as the Marquise de Rio Zares, W. H. Kendal as Julian Beauclerc, S. B. Bancroft as Coimt Orloff, J. Clayton as Henry Beauclerc, A. Cecil as Baron Stein, H. Kemble as Algie Fairfax; played in the English provinces in 1878, with Mrs. Kendal, W. H. Kendal, INIiss Kate Pattison (Zicka), II. R. Teesdale {Henry Beauclerc), A. Elwood {Orlof), and W. Mackintosh {Stein) in the principal parts [Miss Amy Roselle, Miss Sophie Young, H. B. Conway, and J. Forbes-Robertson ap- pearing meanwhile at the Haymarket as Dora, Zicka, Julian, a,nd Oriq/f respectively, and the last-named actor succeeding later to the role of Julian], and also by a com- pany including Miss Carlisle {Dora), J. D, J3everidge {Julian Beauclerc), J. H. Barnes {Henry Beauclerc), and Mrs. W. Sidney (the Marquise) ; played in 1878 in the United States, with H. J. Montague as Julian Beau- clerc and Miss Maud Granger as Dora; re- vived at the Haymarket on November 8, 1884, with S. B. Bancroft as Henry Beauclerc, Forbes-Robertson as Julian Beauclerc, Mau- rice Barrymore as Count Orloff, C. Brookfield as Baron Stein, Mrs. Bancroft* as Lady Henry Fairfax, Miss Le Thiere as the Marqicise, :Mrs. Bernard Beere as Zicka, and Miss Cal- houn as Dora ; played at Boston, U.S.A., in October, 1SS7, with Miss Evesson as Dora and E. L. Davenport as Julian ; revived at the Garrick Theatre, London, in February, 1S93, with S. B. Bancroft as Orloff, A. Cecil as Stein, J. Hare as Henry Beauclerc, Forbes- Robertson as Julian, Miss K. Rorke as Dora, Mrs. Bancroft as Lady Henry, Lady Monckton as the Marquise, and Miss O. Nethersole (replaced later by Miss E. Robins) as Zicka ; at the Fifth Avenue The- atre, New York, in March, 1893, with Miss Coghlan as Zicka, F. de Belleville as Henry Beauclerc, J. T. Sullivan as Julian Beauclerc, and F. Robinson as Orloff; played in the English provinces in 1894, with J. Forbes- Robertson as Julian, E. W. Gardiner as Henry, T. B. Thalberg as Orloff, Miss Mary Rorke as Lady Henry, Miss Dolores Drum- mond as the ^Marquise Miss ]May Whitty as Zicka, and Miss K. Rorke as Dora. See Dora AND Diplunacy.' Diplunacy. See Dora and Diplu- nacy. DIPSAS 404 DISTRESSED MOTHER Dipsas- An enchantress in Lyly's ' Endymion ' (q.v.). Dirce. An opera, music by C. E. Horn, originally produced at Drury Lane in 1821. Director (The). A farce in three acts, by Harry Greenbaxk (q.v.), first performed at Terry's Theatre, London, on May 7, 1S91, ^vith Edward Terry in the title part {Syden- ham Sudds). Disagreeable Surprise (The). A musical farce in two acts, written by George Daniel (q.v.), and performed at Drury Lane in 1S19, with J. P. Harley as Billy Bombast, Oxberry as Paul Prig, Miss Kelly as Flora, etc. Disappointment (The). A comedy by Thomas Southerne (q.v.), acted at the Theatre Royal in 1634, with Wiltshire as Alberto, the gallant who is " disappointed " in his attempt to seduce Errainia and Angel- line, being outwitted by Juliana, his dis- carded mistress. (2) A comedy by W. Tayerner, printed in 1708. (3) A ballad opera by John Randal, acted at the Hay- market, and printed in 1732. Disbanded Officer (The) ; or, The Baroness of Bruchsal. A comedy by James Johnstone (from the German of Lessing), first performed at the Hay market in July, 1786. Discarded Son (The). A drama trans- lated bv Benjamin Webster from 'Le tils de Fam'ille ' {q-i:), and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on October 10, 1853, with Leigh Murray in the title part, Keeley.P. Bedfurd, Mrs. Keeley, Miss Mas- kell, and Miss Woolgar as the heroine. Discontented Colonel (The). See BllENNORALT. Discovery (The). (1) A comedy by Mrs. SHERIDAN {q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane on February 3, 1863, with Gar- rick as Sir Anthony Branville (q.v.), Thomas Sheridan as LcrdMedivay, Holland as Colonel Medway, Mrs. Yates as Mrs. Knightly, Mrs. Palmer as Miss Richly, O'Brien as Sir Harry Flatter, Mrs. Pope as Lady Fliuter, etc. The " discovery " is made by Lord Medivay, who finds that Mrs. Knightly, who is a rich voung widow, and whom he desires his son, the Colonel, to marry, is his own daughter by his first wife. The Colonel, meanwhile, is in love with Miss Richly. In the end Mrs. Knightly pairs off with Sir Anthony. (2) A comedy, translated from Plautus by R. Warner, and printed in 1773. Discreet Princess (The). An ex- travaganza based by J. R. Planche (q.v.) upon'Perrault's ' L'Adroite Princesse,' and produced at the Olympic Theatre, London, at Christmas, 1855, with Robson as Prince Richcraft, Emery as Gander the Stwpendous, ?tliss Maskell as Prince Belavoir, Miss Julia St. George as Finttta, etc. Disg-uises (The). A play acted at the Rose Theatre, Loudon, on October 2, 1595. (2) ' Disguises : ' an operetta, words br Samuel Beazley, music by Jolly ; founded on a German piece, and first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on September 8, 1817. Disinterested Love. See Bashful Lover, The. Disobedient Child (The). A " pretty and merry interlude," by Thomas Ingeland (q.v.), " WTitten in verse of ten syllables." Disraeli, Benjamin. See Alarcos. Disreputable Mr. Reag-an (The). A play by Richard Harding Davis, first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, Xew York, November 1, 1892. Dissembled "Wanton (The); or. My Son, g-et Money. A comedy by Leonard Welsted (q.v.), acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1726. Dissipation. A comedy by M. P. Andrews (7. u.). "borrowed from Garrick's ' Bon Ton,' and several other pieces," and first performed at Drury Lane in March, 1781. Distaffina, in Rhodes' ' Bombastes Fu: rioso ' (q.v.), is engaged to Bombastes. Disting-uished Guest (The). A- farcical comedy, adapted by Sydney Rosen- FELD from the German of Kempner Hoch stadt ; Museum, Boston, Mass., August 29. 1898. ; Distress upon Distress; or, Tra| gredy in True Taste. "An heroi-comi parodi-tragi-farcical burlesque," in two act.-^ by George Alexander Stevens, printev in 1752. "This piece was never performei nor intended for the stage, but is only , banter on the bombast language and ines tricable distress aimed at by some of ou, tragedy- writers " (' Biogi-aphiaDramatica',; Distressed Baronet (The). A fare, by Charles Stuart, first performed a. Drury Lane on May 3, 1787. Distressed Mother (The). A traged by Ambrose Philips {q.v.), first performe- at Drury Lane on March 17, 1712, with Mr- Oldfield as Andromache, Booth as Pyrrhu\ Powell as Orestes, Mills as Pylades, Bowma- as Phoenix, Mrs. Porter as Hermione, Mr. Knight as Cephisa, ]SIrs. Cox as Cleone ; r. ^ vived at Covent Garden in 1742 (with Mr; Gibber as Andromache), in 1747 (with Mr Pritchard as Herrnione), and in 1750(wiih Pi, Woffington as Hermione), at Drury Lane 1764 (with Mrs. Yates as Hermione), at Cove! Garden in 1775 (with Mrs. Barry as Hermion- at Drury Lane in 1775 (with Mrs. Yates ;; Andromache), in 1786 (vnth Mrs. Siddons Hermione and Miss Kerable as J.ndrom«cA; and in 1802 (with Kemble as Orestes), Covent Garden in 1803 (with Charles Kemt; as Pyrrhus) and in 1816 (with Macready Orestes and Mrs. Glover as Andromache), Drurv Lane in 1818 (with Kean as Ores' and Mrs. W. West as Hermione). " Ambrc Phihps's 'Distressed Mother,'" says Hi litt, " is a very good translation from Raciu ti It •^: DISTRESSED WIFE 405 DIXON ■•Andromache' [q.v.]. It is an alternation of topics, of i?ros and cons, on the casuistry of domestic and state affairs, and produced a great effect of enyiui on the audience." It "concluded with the most successful epi- logue [by Addison] that was ever spoken in the EngUsh theatre. The three first nights it was recited twice, and continued to be demanded through the run of the play." Distressed Wife (The). A comedy by John Gay (q.v.), produced at Covent Garden in March, 1734 ; revived there in 1771 as ' The Modem Mother.' District Attorney (The). A play by B. Grey Fiske and c. Klein, produced at Che American Theatre, New York, January ;21, 1895, with a cast including Wilton Lackaye, Miss Effie Shannon, and Miss innie Irish. Diver's Luck (The) ; or, The Crime beneath the "Waves. A drama in four icts, adapted by F. Cooke and W. R. •Valdron from ' Un Drame au Fond de la ;VIer' by MM Dngue and Cortarabert (The- !itre Historique, Paris, 1S76 ; Ambigu, Paris, ,884), and first performed at the Theatre ^oyal, Jarrow, May 30, 1SS7 ; perfurined in STewYorkin 1890 as 'The Bottom of the Sea.' Diversions of the Morning- (The), i. farce in twrj acts, by Samuel Foote (q.v.), h-st performed at the Haymarket in 1758. n the second act Foote introduced imita- ions of actors of tlie time. Divided Duty (A). A comedy-drama n one act, by Silvan rs Dalncey, performed irivately at the Jewish Institute, Highbury, )ctober 18, 1SS5 ; produced, as ' A Month fter Date,' at Reading, February 27, 1888, nd the Globe Theatre, London, March 25, S91. Divided "Way (The). A play in three cts, by n. V. Esmond (q.v.), first performed t the Theatre Royal, Manchester, October 1, 1895, with W. II. Vernon as General lumeden, G. Alexander as Gaunt Humeden, '... Aynesworth as Jack Humeden, H. Waring 3 Jay Grist, Miss Evelyn Millard as Lois, ad other parts by H. "H. Vincent, E. M. .obson, etc. ; produced at the St. James's heatre, London, cast as above, on No- imber 23, 1895. .Divine Comedian (The); or, The |1ig-ht Use of Plays, " improved in a licred tragicomedy," by Richard Tuke, Tinted in 1672. Divorce. (1) A comedy-drama in five ;ts, by AUGUSTUS Daly (q.v.), first per- •rmed at Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, 1 September 5, 1871, with James Lewis as 'impleton Jilt, D. II. Harkins as Alfred dnanse, W. J. Le Movne as Burrit, W. .avidge asi)e Wolf De Witt, Louis James as aptain Lynde, Henry Crisp as Rev. Harry mncan. Miss Clara Morris as Fanny, Miss anny Davenport as Da Ten Eyck, Miss F. i.orant as Mrs. Ten Eyck, Miss L. Dietz as mce, Mrs. Gilbert as Mrs. Kemp, Miss M. ortimer as Molly. The piece ran till March 17, 1872. "Mr. Daly found the inspira- tion for some of the characters and scenes in ' He Knew He was Right,' a novel by Anthony Trollope; but it was in no sense an adaptation. It was, in fact, a purely American satire." The play was revived at Fifth Avenue Theatre in April, 1873 ; May, 1874 (with Miss Ada Dyas as Fanny) ; June, 1876 (with Miss F. Davenport as Fanny, Miss Jeffreys Lewis as Lu, Miss G. Drew as Gi-ace) ; at Daly's Theatre, New York, in September, 1879, with Miss Ada Rehan as Lu Ten Eyck, John Drew as Rev. Harry Duncan, W. Davidge as De Wolf De Witt, Charles Leclercq as Templeton Jitt, Charles Fisher as 3[r. Burrit, Mrs. Charles Poole as Mrs. Ten Eyck ; produced at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, in December, 1881. (2) A farcical comedy in three acts, by Robert Reece (q.v.), adapted from ' Le Pere de L'Avocat,' and first performed at the Vaudeville "Theatre, London, on January 29, 1881, with a cast including J. Maclean, T. Thorne, J. G. Grahame, W. Lestocq, W. Hargreaves, Miss Kate Bishop, Miss M. Illington, Miss Cicely Richards, and Miss Lydia CoweU. Divorce (The). (1) A play entered on the books of the Stationers' Company, No- vember 29, 1653. (2) An entertainment by Lady Dorothea Dubois, Marylebone Gardens, 1771. (3) A farce by Isaac Jack- man, performed at Drury Lane in November, 1781. (4) A comedy in one act, by S. J. I'.EAZLEY, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, October 29, 1832, with Yates, Reeve, Buckstone, .Mrs. Yates, and Mrs. Honey in the cast. (5) A drama by E. To\VEi{S, produced at the Southminster Theatre, Edinburgh, November 24, 1873. Divorce Case, The Great. Great Divorce Case. See Divorce Colony (A). A play by Sydney Rosenfeld, performed in U.S.A. Divorce Cure (The). A play in three acts, adapted by Harry St. Maur (q.v.) from the 'Divorgons' (q.v.) of Sardou, first performed at Stone Opera House, Bingham- ton. New York, September 25, 1896 ; in New York City, March, 1897. Divorce Day. An adaptation, by B. F. ROEDER and K. La Shelle, of the German farce, ' Fiji ; ' first performed at the GJrand Opera House, Chicago, August 22, 1892. Divorced "by Teleg-raph- A play by C. M. Greene, performed in U.S.A. Divorgons. A comedy by Victcrien Sardou and Emile de Najac, produced in Paris in 1880 ; first performed in London at the Gaiety in 1882 ; performed in English at the Park Theatre, New York, in March, 1882, with F. Robinson as De Prunelles and Miss Alice Lingard as Cyprienne. See Divorce Cure, Queen's Proctor, and TO-DAY. Dixon, Gerald. Dramatic writer, died 1879 ; author of ' The Doctor in Spite of Himself ' (q.v.), and a comedietta entitled ' Married Another ' (q.v.) DIZZY DOCTOR'S SHADOW Dizzy. A man of the town, in Garrick's ' Male Coquette ' (q-v.). Djamileh.. An opera in one act, com- posed by Georges Bizet, and performed for the first time with English libretto (by Joseph Bennett) at the Prince's Theatre, Manchester, on September 22, 1892, Dj emma. The heroine of ' The Grand Mogul ' (q.v.). D'Orsay, Lawrance. Actor ; made his professional d^but at the Marylebone Theatre in 1877. He was in the original casts of ' Pedigree ' (1890), ' Diamond Deane ' (1891), ' Dick Wilder ' (1891), ' A Lucky Dog ' (1892), ' Ma Mie Rosette ' (1892), ' Uncle John' (1893), 'A Gaiety Girl' (1893), 'An Artist's Model' (1895), ' My Girl' (1896), etc. "Do not fear to put tliy feet." First line of a song in Fletcher's ' Faithful Shepherdess' (q.v.). Doating- Lovers (The) ; or, The Libertine Tam'd. A comedy by New- burgh Hamilton, acted at Lincoln's-Inn- Fields in 1715. Dobbins, Humphrey. Servant to Sir Robert Bramble in CoLMAN'S 'Poor Gentleman ' (q.v.). Dobbs, John. See John Dobbs. Dobson and Co. ; or, My Turn Next. A farce in one act, by Stirling Coyne (q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, October 13, 1842, with Wright as Dobson. Dobson, Farmer, in Tennyson's • Promise of May ' (q-v.). Docteur Chiendent. See Poor Rela- tions. Doctor. See Dr. Doctor (The). (1) A farcical comedy, adapted bv F. C. Burnand (q.v.) from 'La Doctoresse' (q.v.), and first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, July 9, 1887, with ^Nliss Fanny Enson in the title part (Angelina Blossom, M.D.), W. S. Penley as Alfred Blossom, and other roles by H. Kemble, W. J. Hill, W. Wyes, Miss Rose Dearing, Miss B. Horlock, Miss V. Feather- stone, Miss Cissy Grahame, and Miss M. A. Victor. (2) A play by Charles Towns- end, performed in U.S.A. Doctor and the Apothecary (The). A farce from the German ; words by James Cobb, music by Stephen Storace, first per- formed at Drufy Lane in September, 1788. Doctor Bolus. A " serio-comic-bom- bastic-operatic interlude" by George Daniel (g.v.), first performed at the English Opera House, London, in 1818, with John Wilkinson as Bolus. "In this piece, the king, Artipiades (J. P. Harley), is in love with Poggylina, a maid of honour, while the queen, Katalinda (Miss Kelly), is enamoured of General Scaramoitcho (Chat- terley). The General revolts, and is defeated by the King. His amour is discovered, and, while the Queen is poisoned with one Bolus's ' infallible ' pills, the General stabbed by Artipiades. ... In the end, a the dead people are resuscitated." Doctor Davy. A drama in one ac first performed at Greenwich in 1865 ; pr duced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, June, 1866, with Hermann Vezin in the tit part (David Garrick), D. Evans as Molesey^ Miss Henrade as Mary (his daughter). Fit, Patrick as Arthur Quillet (her lover), ar Mrs. C. Horsman as Mrs. Figabit ; revived i the Opera Comique, London, in 1886. ' Doct Davy ' was an adaptation of ' Le Docte.^ Robin,' a play by Jules de Premaray, pt' duced at the Gymnase, Paris, in 1842, wii' Bouffe as the hero. Of this a German ve^ sion was made by W. Friedrich in 1849, ai. translated into English by Hermann Vezi' ' Doctor Davy,' based on Friedrich's ver.5io " was the joint work," says Freeman Wil. " of [James] Albery, Vezin, and my brotht [W. G. Wills] ; but it was chiefly the woi of the last named, though produced und' Albery's name." The plot is practicalj identical with that of ' David Garrick ' (q.v ti though much condensed. Doctor Dilworth. A farce in one at by John Oxenford (q.v.), first perform at the Olympic Theatre, London, April:' 1839, with Farren in the title part. Keel as Syntax, Granby as Mr. Paddington, a:; other parts by Brougham, Mrs. Orger, a:; Miss Murray. ; Doctor Dora. A comedietta by F. ""I Broughton (q.v.), first performed at tl Garrick Theatre, London, on April 18, 18S| Doctor Faustus. See Doctor. Doctor Hocus Pocus; or, Harl I quin washed WTiite. A "speaki* pantomime" by George Colman, mui bv Reeve, first performed at the Haymark: in August, 1814. ' Doctor in Spite of Himself (Th( A comedy in three acts, adapted by Gera Dixon from Moliere's 'Le Medecin Mal^, Lui,' and first performetl at the Gloj Theatre, London, on June 23, 1877. Doctor Last in his Chariot. ; comedy by Isaac Bicker.staffe (q.t\ translated from Moliere's ' Malade Ima;! naire,' and acted at the Haymarket in 178i Doctor's Boy (The). A farce by % land Grant, Surrey Theatre, January 1877. Doctor's Broug-ham (The). Afar adapted by E. Manuel (q.v.) from t French, and performed at the Strand Tl. i; atre, London, in October, 1875, by H. C (as Dr. Sirupp), C. D. Marius, J. G. G hame, Miss F. Hughes, and Miss Ma: Jones. Doctor's Shadow (The). A drama four acts, by H. A. Saintsbury, suggest by Robert Louis Stevenson's story, '1 Jekyll and Mr, Hyde,' and performed (: FAUSTlj f: i DOCTORESSE 407 DOEL copvrigiit purposes) at Prince's Theatre, Accrington, January 2, 1896. Doctoresse (La). A comedy in three acts, by Eerrier and Bocage (Gymnase Dramatique, Paris, October, 1SS5), produced at the Royalty Tlieatre, London, January 11, 1886. See DOCTOR, The. Doctrine. A character in the moral- play of ' Appius and Virginia' (q.v.). Dodd, Dr. See Simony, Dr. Dodd, James William. Actor, born 1740 (V), died 1796 (? 1786) ; is said to have played Roderigo at Sheffield when only six- teen years of age. Thence he went succes- sively to Norwich and to Bath, where " the superior applause which he met with in comic characters determined him prudently to confine himself to that line of acting." At Bath he was seen by Dr. lloadley, who recommended him to Garrick for Drury iLane. There he made his London debut in ;October, 1765, as Faddlc in IMoore's ' Found- ling' iq.v.). With this theatre he remained associated till June, 1796. In the course of those thirty-one years he was the original representative of Slender in Fulsts-Ts ' Wed- ding,' Lord Abberville in ' The Fashionable Lover,' Kecksey in ' The Irish Widow,' 'Dupely in 'The Maid of the Oaks,' Lord Foppington in 'The Trip to Scarborough,' Sir Benjamin Backbite in ' The School for 'Scandal,' Bangle in 'The Critic,' Adam \Winterton in 'The Iron Chest,' and other characters. He was also seen as Osric, Slender (' The Merry Wives '), Cloten, Mcr- \eutio, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Gratiano, Launce, Elbow, Abel IJrugr/er, Sir Harry Wildair, Simi-Jcish (" The Country Wife), ■Sir Novelty Fashion, Tattle (' Love for Love'), Lord Trinket (' The Jealous Wife '), iFri65ie (' Miss in her Teens'), Brisk ('The ^Double Dealer '), Bob Acres, etc. " This ex- pellent actor," says Boaden, "had a weak (?oice, but as he managed it on the stage of lis great master (Garrick) it was quite ade- quate to a cast of petit-inaltres. . . . Nor fwas he confined to the coxcomb whose >(vit almost redeemed his effeminacy ; he jivas the paragon representative of all fa- ■uity." "In expressing slowness of ap- )rehension," wrote Lamb, " this actor surpassed all others. You could see the irst dawn of an idea stealing slowly tver his countenance, climbing up by little :nd little, with a painful process, till it beared up at last to the fulness of a twi- ight conception — its highest meridian." >ee 'Theatrical Biography' (1772), T. Wil- dnson's 'Memoirs' (1790), 'The Garrick Jorrespondence,' Dibdin's ' History of the >tage' (1800), 'The Thespian Dictionary' 1805), Genest's 'English Stage' (1832), D. 'ook's 'Hours with the Players' (ISsl).— Irs. J. W. (Martha) Dodd (died 1769) made er appearance at Drury Lane in 1766 as jady Lurewell in ' The Constant Couple.' Dodding-ton, Bubb. See Softy, Sir Thomas. Dodge, Demosthenes. A character a E. L. Blanchard's 'Artful Dodge ' (q.v.). Dodgre for a Dinner (A). A farce by T. A. Palmer (q.v.), Strand Theatre, London, December 28, 1872. Dodipole, Dr. See Wisdom of Dr. DODIPOLE. Dodsley, Robert. Dramatic and mis- cellaneous writer, born 1703, died 1764 ; started life as a footman, and did not begin his literary career till 1729, when he pro- duced a "poem" called 'Servitude.' In 1735 he began business as a bookseller and publisher, in which latter capacity he issued some notable works. His first play, ' The Toyshop,' was performed in 1735. It was followed by ' The King and the Miller of Mansfield ' (1737), ' Sir John Cockle at Court,' its sequel (1738), ' The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green' (1741), a masque (1749), and ' Cleone ' (1758)— all of which see. In 1748 appeared his ' Trifles,' in which he included his dramatic pieces. His ' Select Collection of Old Plays ' appeared in 1744 ; it was reproduced, with notes by Isaac Reed, the omission of twelve plays, and the insertion of ten others, in 1780. J. P. Collier edited it in 1825-28, and it was edited by W. C. Hazlitt in 1874-76, See ' Biographia Dramatica' (1812). Dodson, J. E. Actor ; was the ori- ginal representative of Carraway Jones in ' Turned Up ' (1886) and of the Professor in ' Kleptomania ' (1888). He was for some time a member of the Kendals' touring company, with whom he was seen at the Avenue Theatre, London, in 1893, and with whom he made his first appearance in America at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York. Since then he has been the original representative in America of Matthew Keeber in ' The Bauble Shop,' Montagu Li(shington in ' The >L"isqueraders,' Andrew Gibbard in ' Michael and his Lost Angel,' Rev. Stephen Wynn in ' John h Dreams,' Cardinal Riche- lieu in ' Under the Red Robe,' etc. In 1899 he was John Weatherby in ' Because she Loved him So.' Dodsworth, Charles. Actor ; began his professional career in 1880, and, after experience in the country, came to the Strand Theatre, London, in 1885, as a member of Edward Compton's comedy com- pany. He was afterwards in the original casts of ' Hard Hit,' ' The Red Lamp,' ' The Dean's Daughter,' 'Brantinghame Hall,' 'The Profligate,' 'A Pair of Spectacles,' ' The Crusaders,' ' The Honourable Herbert,' etc. In 1888 he was engaged at Wallack's Theatre, New York, playing Dolly Spanker, Krux (' School '), and other parts. Doe, John. See Great Divorce Case. Doel, James. Actor, born 1803 ; made his professional debut in 1820 at Plymouth, and was at one time manager of theatres at Plymouth, Exeter, and Devonport. At the last-named place he once played Mrs. Mala- prop. In 1851 he acted at the Marylebone and the Standard, London. He retired in 1876. DOES HE LOVE ME? 408 DOING THE HANSOM Does h.e Love me ? A play by Edmund Falconer (q.v.), tirst performed at the Hay- market Theatre, London, on June 23, IStiO, with J. B. Buckstone as Bubble, Mrs. Wilkins as Mrs. Comfort, and W. H. Chippendale, H. Howe, E." Villiers, and Miss Amy Sedg- wick in other parts. Doeskin. Serving-man to Shekel, in D. Jerrold's ' Bride of Ludgate' (g.r.). Dog- Days in Bond Street. A comedy in three acts, attributed to W. DiMOND, and performed at the Haymarket in 1820. Dog- in the Mang-er (A). A farcical comedy iu three acts, by CHARLES H. HOYT ; Lafayette Square Opera House, Washington, D.Ci January 30, 1899. Dog of Montargris (The). See Forest OF BONDY. Dog-loerry. " A foolish officer " in 'Much Ado about Nothing' {q.v.). His first entrance is made in act iii. sc. 3. His name, according to Steevens, comes from the shrub called " dogberry," or "female tornel." Doge of Dnralto (The). An extrava- ganza by R. B. Brough (7. r.), first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, December 26, 1S57, with F. Robson as the Doge, Miss Wyndham as the Princess Capriccia, Miss Hughes as Ulfo, and H. Wigan, Mrs. Eraden, etc., in other characters. Doge of Venice (The). A romantic play in four acts, adapted by Bayle Ber- nard {q.v,) from Lord Byron's 'Marino Faliero,' with additions from the 'Marino' of Casimir Delavigne, and musical illustra- tions from the ' Marino ' of Donizetti, the ' Due Foscari ' and ' Bravo ' of Verdi and Mercadante ; first performed at Drury Lane on November 2, 1867, with Phelps as Marino Faliero, E. Phelps as Fernando, H. Sinclair as Michael Steno, J. Johnstone as Benin- tende, J. C. Cowper as Israel Bertuccio, C. Warner as Calendaro, W. Mclntyre as Stozzi, C. Harcourt as Pietro, H. Rignold as Signer of the Xight, J. B. Johnstone as a sacristan, and ilrs.^Hermann Vezin as Angiolina. Dogg-ett, Thomas. Actor, born in Dublin, died 1721 ; performed at first in the provinces and at London fairs. His metropolitan debut was made at the The- atre Royal in 1691 as the original Nincom- poop in ' Love for Money ' {q.v.). He acted at that house till 1697, save for appearances at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1695. He was at the last-named theatre from 1701 to 1704, when he went to Drury Lane. In 1705-6 he was at the Haymarket. In 1709 he became co-lessee of the Haymarket with Cibber and AVilks. In December, 1713, he retired from the stage, to which, however, he returned for a few nights in 1717. He was the tirst representative of Fondleicife in Congreve's *01d Bachelor' (1693), of Sir Paul Plyant in Congreve's 'Double Dealer' (1693), of Sancho in the First Part of D'Urfey's ' Don Quixote ' (1694), of Fernando in ' The Fatal Marriage ' (1694), of Ben in Congreve's ' Love for Love' (1695), of young Hob in his ow play, ' The Country Wake ' (1696), of the •' Je" of Venice " in the play so named (1701), c Sir Testy Dolt in ' The Lady's Visiting Day: (1701), of Squire Treelooby in the play s named (1704), and of Moneytrap in Var brngh's ' Confederacy' (1705). He was als seen as Polonius, the First Gravedigger, Si Hugh Evans, Dapper ('The Alchemist'; Marplot, etc. Cibber says: "He was thi most original, and the strictest observe of Nature of all his contemporaries. H borrowed from none of them. . . . Indres.- ing a character to the greatest exactnesi he was remarkably skilful ; the leas article of whatever habit he wore seeme in some degree to speak and mark th different humour he presented. He coul be extremely ridiculous, without steppin into the least impropriety to make him sc His greatest success was in characters c lower life, which he improved from th delight he took in his observations of tha kind in the real world." " He was," say Antony Aston, "the best face painter an gesticulator, and a thorough master c several dialects." On August 1, 1716, th- following announcement appeared :— " Thi' being the day of his Majesty's most happ: accession to the throne, there will be give; by Mr. Doggett an Orange-coloured Liver; with a Badge representing Liberty, to h rowed for by six watermen that are out c! their time within the year past. They at; to row from London Bridge to Chelsea. ]' will be continued annually on the sami day for ever." See Cibber's 'Apology,' tb,: ' Tatler ' and ' Spectator ' passim, Dibdin , ' History of the Stage,' the ' Biographi Dramatica,' Genest's ' English Stage,' etc. ' Dog-g-rass. Uncle of Susan in D. Jei rold's 'Blackey'd Susan' {q.v.), in Bui nand's burlesque so named {q-v.), and i ' Blue-eyed Susan ' {q.v.). Dog-grell. A character in Gay's ' Wii of Bath' {q.v.). There is a Mrs. Doggrel i ' The Register Office' {q.v.). Dog-s of St. Bernard (The). A dram by Clement Scott {q.v.), produced at tb. Mirror Theatre, London, on August 21, 187:* Doigts de Fee (Les). See Frock; AND Frills and World of Fashion, Thi Doiley, Abraham. A retired slo) seller in Mrs. Cowley's ' Who's the Dupe | Doing- Banting-. A farce by T^ Brough and A. Halliday', Adelphi Th; atre, London, October 24, 1864. Doing for the Best. A drama in twi acts, by Rophino Lacy {q.v.), produced ;< Sadler's Wells Theatre on November 1 ^ 1861, with Phelps as Dick Stubbs, a carpentei Doing- my Uncle. A farce by R. LacI {q.v.), Surrey Theatre, September 8, 1866. 1 1 Doing- the Hansom. A farce by i^ Harris {q.v.), first performed at the L ceum Theatre, London, November 3, 185 with Toole as Felix Pottinger and Mi Goward (Mrs. Keeley) as Susan, DOLABELLA 409 DOLORES Dolabella. Friend to Octavius Ccesar in Shakespeare's 'Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.); tigures also in Dryden's 'All for Love ' (q.v.). Dolaro, Selina. Actress and vocalist, died January, 1889 ; made her first appear- ance in London at the Lyceum Theatre in 1870 as Galsuincla in ' Chilperic' (q.v.), after •which she appeared at the same theatre in 'Breaking the Spell' (q.v.). In 1872 she was the original Camilla in Plowman's 'Zampa' (q.v.) at the Court Theatre. An engagement at the Philharmonic Theatre followed ; there she figured as FrMigonde in ' Chilperic,' Genevieve de Brabant, C'lairette in 'Madame Angot,* and Fleur-de-Lys in Farnie's piece (q.v.). Next came appear- ances at the Royalty in 'La Perichole'(<7.r.), at the Alhambra (1877), and at the Folly (Toole's) Theatre, where she was seen as Rose in Maillart's ' Dragoons ' (1879). Mdme. Dolaro afterwards went to America. She ■was the author of a play called ' In the Fashion,' performed in 1887. Doldrum (The) ; or, 1803. A farce in two acts, by John U'Keefe, "founded on the idea of a man's sleeping from 1796 to 1803, and on his surprise at tlie changes around him," and performed ut Covent Oarden in April, 1796. Dole, DanieL A circus clown in II. J. Byron's 'Fine Feathers' (q.v.). Doll Common. See Common, Doll. Doll Tearsheet. See Tearsheet, Doll. Doll's House (A) [' Et Dukkehjem ']. A play in three acts, by Henrik Ibsen, translated into English by William Archer, and first performed at the Novelty The- atre, London, on June 7, 1889, with Her- bert Waring as Torvald Ilchner, Charles Charrington as Dr. Rank, Royce Cai'leton is Nils Krogstadt, Miss Gertrude Warden IS Mrs. Linden, Miss B. I'^versleigh as Anna, md Miss Janet Acliurch as Nora Helmer. The play had previously been adapted to ;he English stage by IIenry Arthur fONES under the title of ' Breaking a But- erfly' (q.v.). 'A Doll's House' was re- 'ived at Terry's Theatre on the afternoon )f January 27, 1891, with Mi.'is Marie Eraser s Nora, Miss Elizabeth Robins as Mrs. Anden, C. Forbes-Drummond as Ilehner, '. Fulton as Krogstadt, and W. Herbert as lank; at the Criterion Theatre on the fternoon of June 2, 1891, with Miss Rose i^orreys as Nora, Miss Lucia Harwood as trs. Linden, Mrs. E. H. Brooke as Anna, 'rank Rodney as Helmer, C. Fulton as 'rogstadt, W.'L. Abingdon as Hank, and '.ric and Caryl Field- P'isher as the children ; t the Avenue in April and May, 1892, with Hss Achurch as before, i\Iiss Marion Lea •* Mrs. Linden, C. Charrington as Helmer, erbert Flemming as Kroggtadt, and C. Hilton as Bank ; at the Royalty in March, i93, with Miss Achurch as before. Miss irlotta Addison as Mrs. Linden, C. Char- ngton and H. Flemming as at the Avenue, and W. R. Staveley as Rank ; at the Garden Theatre, New York, March, 1896 ; at the Globe Theatre, London, in May, 1S97, with Miss Achurch as before. Miss Vane Feather- stone as Mis. Linden, Courtenay Thorpe as Helmer, C. Fulton as Krogstadt, and C. Charrington as Bank. Under the title of 'Nora,' ' Et Dukkehjem' was translated into English by Frances Lord in 1882 (re- vised in 1890). DoUallolla. Wife of King Arthur in FlELDLNG's ' Tom Thumb the Great ' (q.v.). Dolland, Dick. The uncle in H. J, Byron's 'Uncle Dick's Darling' (q.v.). Dollars and Dimes. A play by G. Howard Coveney, performed in the U.S.A. in 1887. — ' Dollars and Hearts : ' a play by H. A. Du SOUCHET, first performed at the Windsor Theatre, New York, 1888. Dollars and Sense. A comedy in three acts, adapted by Augustin Daly (q.v.) from the German of . L'Arronge, and produced at Daly's Theatre, New York, in October, 1883, with C. Fisher as Pierce Tremonf, J. Lewis as EVqyhalet Lamb, C. Leclercq as Bnggs, W. H. Thompson as Griggles, 3. Drew as I^atimer, Miss Ada Rehan as Phronie, Miss May Fielding as Mrs. Tre- mont, INIiss Virginia Dreher as 3[rs. Briggs, and Mrs. Gilbert as Mrs. Lamb ; produced at Toole's Theatre, London, on August 1, 1884 ; revived at Daly's Theatre, London, in September, 1893. Dolly. (1) A comic opera, music from Adolphe Adam's 'Poupee de Nuremberg,' produced at the Gaiety Theatre, Ijondon, on Aug-ust 22, 1870. (2) A comic opera in two acts, ^vritten by John Bannisteu, composed by Herr Pelzer, and first performed at Carlisle, October 27, 1890. Dolly. (1) The heroine of Alfred Cellier's ' Sultan o' Mocha ' (q.v.). (2) The •'Dominie's Daughter" in Lloyd's play of that name (q.v.). Dolly Truth. See Truth, Dolly. Dolly Varden, (1) A drama in four acts, adapted by Murray Wood (q.v.) from Dickens's ' Barnaby Rudge ' (q.v.), and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Bradford, April 29, 1872 ; produced at the Surrey Theatre, October 5, in the same year, with Miss Virginia Blackwood as Dolly and Miss Miggs. (2) A play by C. T. Vincent, per- formed in U.S.A. Dolly's Delusion. A play by Robert Reece (q.v.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, with Edward Terry as Joe Sally. — ' Dolly's Dilemma : ' a musical ab- surdity, by Harry Millward and C. Flavell Hayward, Theatre Royal, Wol- verhampton, April 22, 1887. Dolores. A version by Mrs. Sarah Lane of Sardou's 'Patrie' (q.v.), first per- formed at the Britannia Theatre, London, on April 5 .1874, with Miss Marie Henderson as the heroine. DOLORES 410 DON C^SAR DE BAZAN Dolores. The name of characters in Genee's ' Naval Cadets' (q.v.) and Wills'S 'Betrayed' (q.v.). D olph. The voung hero of G. F. Rowe'S 'Wolfert's Roost"' (j.r.). Dombey and Son. A play in three acts, adapted by John Brougham (q.v.) from Dickens's story, and first performed at Burton's Theatre, New York, in 1850, -with the author as Joe Bagstock, Burton as Captain Cuttle, G. Jordan as Carker, ]Mrs. Burton as Florence Domhey, and Mrs. Brayham as Susan Kipper; revived at Daly's Theatre, New York, in September, 1885, and at the Star Theatre, New York, in 1SS8. See Captain Cuttle and Heart's Delight. Domestic Diplomacy. A comedietta by James Redmond, Gaiety Theatre, Dub- lin, April 1,1872. Domestic Economy. A farce in one act, by Mark Lemon (q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Novem- ber 8, 1849, with Edward Wright as John Grumley (a part afterwards played by J. L. Toole and G. Belmore) and "Mrs. Frank JIatthews as Mrs. Grumley. Turned into an operetta, Avith lyrics by F. C. Burnand and music by Edward Solomon (q.v-), ' Domestic Economy ' was revived at the Comedy Theatre, London, on April 7, 1890, Avith E. Dagnall as Grumley and 2^1iss Alma Stanley as Mrs. Grumley. Domestic Hearthstone (The). A burlesque by J. Smith. Domestic Hercules (A). A farce by Martin Beecher, Drury Lane Theatre, September 24, 1870. Domestic Medicine. A comedietta adapted by Leta Smith from the Spanish ; Theatre R'oyal, Grantham, June 2, 1887. Dominic, "The Spanish Friar" in Dry- den's play of that name (q.v.). "His b1g belly walks in state before him, like a har- binger, and his gouty legs come limping after it. Never was such a tun of devotion seen" (act ii. sc. 3). Dominie's Dang-hter (The). A play in four acts, by D. D. Lloyd (q.v.), first per- formed at Wallack's Theatre, New York, in March, 1887, with Harry Edwards as the Dominie (Rev. John Van Dervcer), Miss Annie Robe as his daughter Dolly, Kyrle Bellew as Captain Dyke, H. Kelcey as Major Barton, and other parts by :Mdme. Ponisi, Charles Groves, Creston Clarke, etc. The scene is laid in New York (then occupied by the British) in 1781. Dominique the Deserter ; or, The Gentleman in Black. A comic drama in two acts, adapted by W. H. IMurray (q.v.) from the French, and first performed at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh ; per- formed at Drury Lane with Wallack as Dominique, Mrs. Orger as Jeannette, and Mrs. C. Jones as Genevieve. Revised and partly re-vvritten by T. E. Pemberton, it was revived at Toole's Theatre, London, in^ 1885 under the title of ' Old Harry,' with Toole as Dominique, supported by C. D. AVard, H. Westland, Miss M. Lind"en, and- Miss E. Johnstone. — Another version of the same French original was made by C. Z. Barnett, and played, under the title of ' Dominique the Possessed,' in 1831 at the Coburg (with Davidge as Dominique.) and at the Pavilion (with Freer as the hero). Domino Noir (Le). See Black Do.MiNo, The. Dominos Roses (Les). See Pink DOMINOS. Domitia. Wife of ^^lius Lamia ir Massinger's 'Roman Actor' (q.v.). Domitilla. Cousin-german to Ccesar ii Massinger's ' Roman Actor' (q.v.). Don (The). A comedy in three acts, b^ Herman (and Mrs.) Merivale (q.v.), firs- performed at Toole's Theatre, London March 7, 1888, with J. L. Toole in the titli part (Mr. Milliken, M.A.), and other role by J. Billington, E. W. Gardiner, E. M. Lowne, Aubrey Boucicault, George Shelton Miss Kate Ptiillips, Miss Marie Linden Miss Violet Vanbrugh, and Miss Emil; Thorne [in the autumn Miss Eva Moore re placed Miss Linden]. Don Ceesar de Bazan. The hero an( title of several dramas, adapted from o founded on the play by MM. Dumanoi- and D'Ennery, produced at the Forte St Martin, July 30, 1844, with Lemaitre i: the title part :— (1) A drama by Gilber' Abbott a Beckett (g.r.) and Mark Lemo;. (q.v.), first produced at the Princess's The' atre, London, on October 8, 1844, wit! James Wallack as Don Ccesar, Mrs. Stirlin.' as Maritana, Fitzjames as Don Jose, Walto as the Ki7ig of Sjyain, Granby and Mrs Fosbrooke as Marquis and Marchioness c Rotondo, Miss Marshall as Lazarillo, etc It was in this version that Edwin Boot appeared at the Adelphi Theatre, Lender in August, 1882, supported by Mi-s Bell Pateman as Maritana. (2) Another ver sion, by BENJAMIN WEBSTER and Dw Boucicault, was brought out at the Ade phi, London, on October 14, 1844, with I Webster as Don Ccesar, Howe as the Kini Mdme. Celeste as Maritana, and Mis Woolgar as Lazarillo. [(3) A version i: two acts, by C. J. Mathe-^S, entitled ' . Match for a King' (q.v.), was produce' on October 14, 1844, at the Haymarket (4) An adaptation by C. Z. Barnett (q.v was produced at the Surrey Theatre o October 21, 1844, with Henry Hughes b Don Ccesar, N. T. Hicks as Don Jose, J. 1 Johnson as the King, Mrs. Honner t Maritana, and Mrs. H. Vining as Laz<. rillo. (5) A version of the play was pr- duced at the Princess's Theatre, Londoi' on February 11, 1861, with Fechter i, the title part, J. G. Shore as the Kin Basil Potter as Don Jose, :Miss Carlott Leclercq as Maritana, Miss Marian Harr as Lazarillo, and Frank Matthews and Mr' DON CARLOS DON JUAN Weston as the Marquis and Marchioness of Rotondo. The piece was revived at the Imperial Theatre, London, in December, 1885. (6) A "revised edition," by H. A. Saintsbury, of MM. Dumanoir and D'En- nery's drama, in four acts, was produced at thePrincess of Wales's Theatre, Kennington, August 21, 1899.— C. Dillon and W, Cres- •wick included Don Ccesar in their reper- tory. — Lester Wallack played Don Ccesar in New York in 1849, and the play was revived at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, December, 1869, with E. L. Davenport as Bon CoEsar, Miss F. Davenport as Lazarillo, and Miss A. Ethel as Maritana. — Burlesques on this subject were written by John Brougham (under the title of ' Don Cfesar de Bassoon') and by H. J, Byron (see Little Don Cesar de Bazan). See also Maritana, Match at Midnight, and Royal Rival, A. Don Carlos, Prince of Spain. A tragedy in rhymed verse, by Thomas Otway {q.v.), performed at Dorset CJarden in 1676, with Smith in the title part, Betterton as Phili'p II. of Spain, Medbourne as Ruy Gomez, Harris as Don John of Austria, Mrs. Mary Lee as the Queen of Spain, Mrs. Shadwell as the Duchess of Eboli, and Mrs. Gibbs as Henrietta. " I believe," says Langbaine, " that Otway cliietiy followed the French novel of ' Don Carlos ' [by Saint- R^al], wliich is the most perfect account of that tragical story that I have met with." Betterton, it is recorded, told Bootli that ' Don Carlos ' was infinitely more applauded, and better followed for many years, than either 'The Orphan' or ' Venice Preserved.' Schiller and Altieri wrote tragedies on the same subject. " Altieri's Philip," writes Roden Noel, "is as life-like and graphic a study of individuality as that of Saint-Real or Schiller ; whereas the Philip of Otway makes no pretence to being other than a mere conventional stage-tyrant, violent, and ever in extremes." (2) 'Don Carlos:' a play by Earl (then Lord John) Rus- sell, published in 1822. " In Lord John Russell's ' Don Carlos,' " writes Doran, 'the reason given for the grovelling Cor- ioba's hatred of the Spanish prince, reminds the reader of that of Zanga for Alonzo." 3) ' Don Carlos ; or. The Infante in Arms :' I burlesque by Conway Edwardes (g.r.), irst performed at South Shields in August, 1860 ; produced at the Vaudeville Theatre, •iondon, on April 16, 1870, with Miss J. Beauclerc in the title part, and Miss Nelly ^ower, Miss K. Irwin, G. Honey, and T. rhorne in other roles. Don Garcia. A play by Alfieri, trans- ated by Charles Lloyd (1815). Don Garcia of Navarre. A play ranslated from Moli^re by Ozell. Don Giovanni [Don Juan] is the hero f the following dramatic pieces :— (1) ' Don Jiovanni ; or, A Spectre on Horseback :' a omic, heroic, operatic, tragic, pantomimic lurletta-spectacular-extravaganza, by Tho- us Dibdin (g.v.), performed at the Surrey Theatre in 1817, with " O." Smith as Don Guzman, Fitzwilliam as Leporello ; revived at Drury Lane in 1829, witti Miss Love as Don Giovanni, Harley as Leporello, Mrs. C. Jones as Lobsteretta, and Mrs. Orger as Shrimpenna. (2) 'Giovanni in Ireland' iq.v.) (1821). (3) ' Giovanni in London' (o.v.), by "\V. T. Moncriefp (1827). (4) 'Little Don Giovanni' {q.v.): a burlesque by H. J. Byron (1S65). (5) ' Don Giovanni : ' a bur- lesque by J. C. Brennan, Greenwich, March, 1872. (6) ' Don Giovanni in Venice : ' an operatic extravaganza by Robert Reece {q.v.), first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on February 17, 1873, with J. L. Toole as the Don, Miss E. Farren as Leporello, Miss Alice Barth a;? Elvira, Miss Alice Cook as Zerlina, Jlaclean as the Commendatore, A. Bishop as Ottavio, and other parts by Miss Constance Loseby, J. G. Taylor, etc. In this piece the cha- racters are sons and daughters of the ori- ginal Don and his circle, the Don himself being portrayed at the outset as a mild philanthropist, Ottavio as a blighted tenor^ and so forth. (7) ' Don Giovanni, M.P. : ' a burlesque, produced at the Princess's Theatre, Edinburgh, on April 17, 1S74, (8) ' Don Giovanni, Junr. ; or, The Shakey Page, more Funkey than Flunkey :' a bur- lesque, brought out at Greenwich on May 17, 1875. See Don Juan. Don Giovanni, M.P. See Don Giovanni. Don Giovanni in "Venice. See Don Giovanni. Don Giovanni, Junr. See Don Gio- vanni. Don John ; or, The Two Violettas. An alteration, by Reynolds {q.v.), of Flet- cher's 'Chances' {q.v.), produced at Covent Garden in February, 1821. Don John of Austria. A play founded on Casimir Delavigne's 'Don Juan d'Autriche' {q.v.), and first performed at Covent Garden Theatre, London, on April 23, 1836, with Miss Helen Faucit and John Dale in the principal parts. See Monastery of St. Just, The. Don John of Seville. A play in blank verse, adapted by Edgardo Colonna. from ' Don Juan de Tenorio,' and first per- formed in London at the Elephant and Castle Theatre on September 30, 1876, with the adapter in the title part and Miss Mari© Henderson as Inez. See Don Juan. Don Juan (who, since Tirso de Molina told his story in ' El Burlader de Sevilla,' (^1 has been the typical libertine of opera and ' drama) made his first appearance on the English stage in 'The Libertine' {q.v.) of Thomas Shadwell. Since then, he has given his name to the following dramatic pieces : — (1) ' Don Juan ; or. The Libertine Destroyed :' a pantomime ballet performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, in August, 1787 ; revived at the Marylebone Theatre, with C. Dillon as Juan and Paul Herring as H DON JUAN D'AUTEICHE 412 DON QUIXOTE Scaramouch. (2) 'Don Juan:' a romantic drama in three acts, founded by J. B. BuCKSTONE on Lord Byron's poem, and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, December 1, 1S2S, -with Mrs. Honey as Bon Juan, Mrs. Emden as Donna Inez, "O." Smith as Lambro, and the author as Cyrus (a negro). (3) ' Don Juan : ' a musical drama" in three acts, dialogue by Charles MiLXER, lyrics by E. Stirling, performed at the City of London Theatre in 1S37, with Mrs. Honey as Don Juan and Mrs. Emden as Inez. (4) 'Don Juan:' an opera, music from Mozart's ' Don Giovanni,' with English libretto, produced at Drury Lane Theatre in October. ISoS, with Mdme. Albertazzi as Zerlina, ^liss Betts as Donna Anna, M. W. Balfe as Juan, H. Phillips as Leporello. (5) 'Don Juan, the Little Gay Deceiver:' a burlesque by H. Spry, Grecian Theatre, London, June 20, 1870. (6) 'Don Juan:' a burlesque produced at Bradford, Novem- ber 22, IsTO. (7) ' Don Juan : ' an extrava- ganza by Henry J. Byron (g.v.), first per- formed at the Alhambra Theatre, London, on December 22, 1S73, with Mdme. Rose Bell as Juan, H. Paulton as Leporello, Miss Amy Sheridan as Spalatro, Miss Kate Santley as Ilaidte, and Miss Lottie Venne as Zerlina. (8) ' Don Juan Junior : ' a burlesque by "the brothers Prendergast" (R. Reece and E. Righton). first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on Novem- ber 3, IS'SO, mth E Righton as Pedrillo, T. P. Haynes as Lambro, Miss Kate Lawler as Bon Juan, Miss E. Ritta as Haidec, and ZSIiss Annie Lawler and Maggie Brennan in other parts. (9) ' Don Juan ; or, The Sad Adventures of a Youth : ' a play by Richard Mansfield, first performed at the Garden Theatre, New York, May IS, 1891, with the author in the title part. ' (10) ' Don Juan : ' a burlesque in three acts, dialogue by J. T. Tanner, lyrics by Adrian Ross, first per- formed at 'the Gaiety Theatre, London, on October 23, 15.93, with ]Miss 3Iillie Hylton in the title part, ^Miss Cissy Loftus as Haidee, Miss Sylvia Grey as Donna Julia, Arthur Roberts as Pedrillo, and other parts by E. W. Royce, Edmund Payne, Miss K. Sey- mour, etc. (11) ' Don Juan's Last Wager : ' a play, adapted by Mrs. Cunninghame Graham from the 'Don Juan de Tenorio' of Jose Zorrilla, and first performed at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on February 27, 1900, with Martin Harvey as Don Juan, Herbert Sleath as Don Lids, Holbrook Blinn as Don Gonzalo, Miss Marriott as Brigida, Miss Louise Moodie as the Abbess, Miss N. de Silva as Soledad (daughter of Don Gonzalo), and other parts bv Miss Gigia Filippi, Miss V. Raye, J. G. Tavlor, etc. — An Englif^h translation of Moliere's ' Don Juan ' (' Le Festin de Pierre ') was performed by the Elizabethan Stage Society (g.v.) in the dining-hall of Lincoln's Inn in 1S99. See DON Giovanni, Don John OF Seville, and New Don Juan. Don Juan d'Autriclie. A play in five acts, bv Casimir Delavigne, first pro- duced iu Paris in 1835 ; performed in the original French at the Royalty, London, ii-, October, 1SS5. See Don John of Austrl; and Monastery of St, Just. Don Juan de Tenorio. Juan. See Do:; Don Juan Junior. See Don Juan. Don Juan's Last "Wager. SeeDoi Juan. Don Pasquale. An opera by Donizettii performed for the first time with an Englislj libretto at the Princess's Theatre, London' in October, 1S43, with a cast includinj Mdme. E. Garcia, Allen, and Paul Bedford! Don Pedro. (1) A drama in five acts by Richard Cumberland, first perfonneij at the Haymarket in July, 1796. The her' is the captain of a band of Spanish robber:' (2) A tragedy by Lord Porchester, base(' upon historical fact, and performed at Drur j ' Lane in March, ls2S, with Cooper as Pedri (King of Castile), INIacready as Henry o} Trastamar (his natural brother), Wallack ai j Ruban (a Jew), Hiss Ellen Tree as Blanch\\ (Queen of Spain), :Mr3. W. West as Mari\\ de Padilla, etc. (3) A one-act play bj* Langdon E. Mitchell, Strand Thea London, May 26, 1892. Don Q,uixote. The hero of Cervante;! famous story is the chief personage in man; English dramatic pieces :— (1) ' The Comics] History of Don Quixote :' a play by ThomA) D'Urfey iq.v.), in three parts, the first an I second of which were acted at Dorset Gaii dens in 1694. In the First Part Bowen wa( Quixote; Dogget, Sancho; Haines, Ginesi Powell, Don Fernando ; Bowman, Cardenio\ Verbruggen, Ambrosio ; Cibber, Perez\ Harris, Xicholas; Bright, the Host; Mnj Bracegirdle, Marcella ; Mrs. Knight, Dora thea; Mrs- Bowman, Luscinda ; Mrs. Leigb Teresa ; Mrs. Verbruggen, Mary theBuxon] In the Second Part, Bowen, Verbruggerjl Bowman, Mrs. Bracegirdle, Mrs. Bowmar^ Mrs. Leigh, and I\Irs. Verbruggen were aj before, vdih Underbill as Sancho, Powej as Manuel, Cibber as the Duke, Freeman a: Pedro, Harris as Diego, and Mrs. Kent aj Donna Rodriguez. "The First Part," say Genest, " is a good play, and the Second much better. D'Urfey has hit off the ch;,- racters of Don Qui.xote and Sancho very wel' and has introduced a good deal of humeri of his own in Mary the Buxom, though (' the lowest species." The Third Part cam^ out at Drurv Lane in 1696, with Powell Quixote, Newth as Sancho, Bullock as Cti macho, Pinkethman as Jaques, Verbrugge! as Carrasco, Leigh as Gines, Mrs. Powell a1 Teresa, Mrs. Finch as Quilteria, Miss Crofj as Altesidora, and Mrs. Verbruggen as b<< fore. " The whole of this comedy is equqj to the Second Part and very superior t the First" (Genest). (2) 'Don Quixote i England : ' a comedv in three acts by Henrj j Fielding (q.v.), acted at "the Little TIki' atre in the Haymarket" in 1734, witj Roberts as Quixote, MuUart as Sanchd Macklin as Squire Badger, Warwell a DON QUIXOTE JUNIOR 413 DONE ON BOTH SIDES i Fairlove, Miss Atherton as Dorothea, etc. (3) 'Don Quixote:' a musical piece by D. J. PiGUENiT, performed at Covent Garden once in 1774. (4) ' Harlequin and Quixote : ' 1 pantomime by J. C. Cross, acted at Covent Garden In December, 1797. (5) ' Don Quixote in Barcelona : ' a ballad farce in two acts, by Joseph Moser, printed in 1808. (6) ' Don Quixote ; or, The Knight A the Woeful Countenance : ' a musical irama in two acts, by George Almar, first performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, n 1833, with C. Hill as the Don and Vale as Sancho. (7) ' T)on Quixote : ' an opera, li- bretto by George Macfarren, music by Sir G. A. Macfarren (q.v.), first performed vt Drury Lane in February, 1846, with Allen, Weiss, and Miss Rainforth in the cast. (8) Don Quixote ; or, Sancho Panza and his ^Vife Tereza : ' a pantomime by C. H. Hazle- svoOD, Britannia Theatre, London, Decem- ber 26, 1867, with G. B. Bigwood as the Bon md Mrs. S. Lane as Teresa. (9) ' Don Quixote:' a burlesque by J. M. Killick, .869. (10) 'Don Quixote:' a comic opera, ibretto by H. Paulton (?.r.) and A. Maltby q.v.), music by Frederic Clay, produced at he Alhambra Theatre, London, on Sep- ember 25, 1876, with Jarvis as the Don, H. ^aulton as Sancho, and other parts by E. joredan, E. Rosenthal, Mat Rubson, Miss {^ate Munroe, and Miss Emma Chambers. 11) 'Don Quixote : ' a one-act play, founded )y W. G. Wills on an incident in the ro- nance by Cervantes, and first performed at he Lyceum Theatre, London, on May 4, 1895, vith Henry Irving as the Don, S. Johnson s Sancho, Mrs. Lacy as Dvlcinea, Miss M. ■lilton as Maria, Miss de Silva as Antonia; irst performed in America at Abbey's The- ,tre. New York, in December, 1895. (12) Don Quixote : ' a burlesque by Percy .IiLTON, Alexandra Theatre, Stoke New- :ngton, August 28, 1899. (13) ' Don Quixote : ' . comic opera, words by H. B. Smith, music y R. De Koven, performed in U.S.A. See iiTTLE Don Quixote and Modern Don QUIXOTE. Don Q,uixote Junior. A comedietta 11 one act, by J. C. Goodwin and John lOwsoN, produced at the Globe Theatre, jondon, on April 21, 1879. Don Qiuixote the Second. See Fox lUNT. Don Sangrado. A Spanish ballet, -'ovent Garden, September, 1814. Don Saverio. A drama, acted with Hisic by Dr. Arne, at Drury Lane Theatre, lid printed in 1750. Don Sebastian, King* of Portug-al. . tragedy by John Dryden (q.v.), first erformed at the Theatre Royal in 1690, ith Williams in the title part, Betterton s Dorax, Mountfort as Don Antonio, 'nderhill as the Mvfti, Kynaston as hdey Moluch (Emperor of Barbary), Mrs. •arry as Almevda, Mrs. Mourn furt as (orayma, and Mrs. Leigh as Johayma. The plot," wrote Dryden, " is purely fiction, for I take it up where history has laid it down." It turns, says A. W. Ward, "upon the strange story of Sebastian of Portugal, which Massinger had treated in his 'Be- lieve as you List,' and to which Beaumont and Fletcher refer in their ' Wit at Several Weapons ' (act i. sc. 2). Dryden's invention consists in the fatal passion entertained for one another by Sebastian and his sister \Almeyda], while alike unaware of their mutual relationship. At the conclusion Sebastian determines to seclude himself in a desert for life " (' English Dramatic- Literature '). Dorax is the name assumed by Do7i Alonzo, a friend of Sebastian. Mo- rayma and Johayma are respectively wife and daughter of the Mxifti, and both in love with Antonio. The play was revived in 1709, 1717, 1732, 1744, 1752, 1774, and 1794. See Renegade, The. Don, Sir "William Henry. Baronet and actor, born 1825, died 1862 ; educated at Eton ; entered the army in 1838, and left it in 1845, very much in debt. Being obliged to sell his estate, he joined the theatrical profession, beginning work in the provinces. In 1850 he went to America, making his. debut at the Broadway, New York, in Octo- ber of that year. In 1855 he returned to England, and again acted in the country. His first appearance in London was made in March, 1857, at the Marylebone Theatre, as the Bailie in 'Rob Roy,' and in 1857, also, he married Emily Sanders, the actress. In 1861 and 1862 Sir William and Lady Don played engagements in Australia, and Tasmania. After Sir William's death, liis wife acted in New York (1867), after- wards becoming for a time lessee of the Theatre Royal, Nottingham. She died in 1875. See 'National Dictionary of Biogra- phy,' Ireland's 'New York Stage,' and Jefferson's ' Autobiography ' (1889). Jeffer- son says of Don that " he was at least six feet six inches in height." He adds (referring to the year 1850): "I was dis- appointed in his acting : he was amusing and effective, but he was an amateur from head to foot, which in his case meant a good deal." Donagrh (The). A drama in three acts, by Geokge Fawcett Rowe, produced at the Grand Theatre, Islington, on April 12, 1884. Donaldbain. Son to King Duncan in 'Macbeth' iq.v.). Donaldson, "Walter Alexander. Born 1793, died 1877. Author of 'Recol- lections of an Actor ' (1865 ; reprinted in 1881) and ' Theatrical Portraits ' (1870). Donatien, Julius. "The White Slave " in E. Stirling's drama of that name {q.v.). Done Brown. A farce by H. T. Craven iq.v.), first performed at the Adelphi The- atre, Edinburgh, in 1845, with the author as Octave Leclef. Done on Both Sides. A farce by J. M ADDISON Morton {q.v.), first performed at DOXE-TO-A-CINDERELLA DORA the Lyceum Theatre, London, February 5, 1847, with C. J. Mathews as Brownjohn, and F. .Matthews, Buckstone, and Mrs. C. Jones in other roles. Done - to - a - Cinderella ; or, Tlie Drudg-e, the Prince, and tlie Plated Glass Slipper. A burlesque by Fawcett LOMAX, Theatre Royal, Exeter, September 12, 1881. " Done to death, by slanderous tong-ues." First line of Hero's epitaph, in • Much Ado about Nothing,' act v. sc. 3. Donelly, Igrnatius. See Bacon- Shakespeare Controversy. Donjon de Vincennes (Le). See Life's Revenge (A). Donna Constanza. An opera in three acts, music by Adolph Gollmick, first performed at the Criterion Theatre, London, on November 21, 1875. Donna Diana. A play in three acts, adapted by Westland Marston {q.v.) from the ' Donna Diana' of Joseph Schreyvogel, itself (like Mo^iore's 'Princesse d'Elide') an adaptation of the Spanish dramatist Moreto's ' El Desden con el Desden,' which is said by Henry Morley to be " founded on a poor play that preceded it, called ' The Avenger of Women,' if not on Lope de Vega's for- gotten ' Miracles of Contempt.' " Schrey- vogel's drama was performed in London by a company of German artists ; and 3Iarston's version was produced at the Princess's The- atre on January 2, 1864, with Mrs. H. Vezin in the title part, H. Vezin as Don Ccesar, H. Forrester as Don Luis, David Fisher as Don Gaston, and G. Vining as Perin. " There is, on the whole," wrote Henry Morley, "reason to be exceedingly well satisfied. Mr. Marston could, perhaps, find good critics to argue in support of the modification of the denouement, sacrificing poetry to stage effect, which is the one change he has made" (' Journal of a London Playgoer,' 1866). ' Donna Diana ' was first performed in New York on November 5, 1866, with Mrs. D. P. Bowers as the heroine, W. G. Andrews as Don Gaston, and M. W. Leffingwell as Perin; revived at the Star Theatre, New York, in January, 1SS6, with Mdme. Modjeska in the title part, E. H. Vanderfelt as Ccesar, and F. Clements as Perin; also at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in September, 1871, with Miss A. Cavendish in the title part. Miss C. Loseby as Floretta, Miss Annie Tremaine as Donna Finesa, W. Riguold as Don Ccesar, W. Maclean as Don Gaston, J. G. Taylor as Perin, and other parts by George Fox and Miss Love ; and at the Prince of "Wales's Theatre in November, 1896, with Miss Violet Vanbrugh as Donna Diana, Miss Irene Van- brugh as Floretta, Arthur Bourchier as Don Coisar, H. Vibart as Don Luis, W. G. Elliot as Penn, M. Kinghorne as Don Diego, etc. Donna Inez de Castro. A tragedy tran.slated by John Adamson {q.v.) from the Portuguese. Donna Juanita. A comic opera in three acts, libretto by Zell and Gen^e music by Von Suppe, Ladbroke Hall, Lon don, February 24, 1880. ^ Donna Luiza. An operetta in on(' act, written by Basil Hood, composed b; Walter Slaughter, Prince of Wales's Theatre London, March 23, 1892. Donnelly, H. G-rattan. Dramatic writer; author of 'The American Girl,' ' The Children of Israel,' ' Darkest Russia, ' Dick Turpin,' ' Fashions,' ' Fontenoy,' ' Hei Ladyship.' ' Jess,' 'Later On,' ' The MiUion aire,' ' Natural Gas,' ' A Night in New York, 'A Ni^ht at the Circus,' 'Our Je.ss,' ' A\ Pair of Jacks,' 'The Quaker's Daughter,' 'On the Rhine,' 'Ship Ahoy,' 'A Tammanj Tiger,' and ' A Woman in Black ; ' co-author i also, of ' By the Sad Sea Waves ' (1898)— all produced in U.S.A. ! Don't judg-e by Appearances. M drama founded by J. Maddison MORTOfI {q.v.) on 'Ange et Demon,' and first per! formed at the Princess's Theatre, London' in October, 1855, with Miss Carlotta Lej clercq as Diana. ; Don't lend your TJmhrella. A\ comic drama in two acts, by Leicesteej Buckingham, first performed at the Stranc, Theatre, London, January 26, 1857. ; Don't mind Me. A farce, Theatre Royal, Plymouth, December 16, 1872. < Don't tell her Husband. 4; comedy by Augustus Tho.mas {q-v.), Coj lumlua Theatre, San Francisco, California,! September 27, 1897. j Doo, Billy. See Billy Doo. | Doo, Brown, & Co. A farce in threij acts, by C. M. R.A.E {q.v.), first performect at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, March 11, 1886. j Doodle. One of the husbands irj Ravenscroft's ' London Cuckolds.' i Doom of Devorgroil (The). A pla: bv Sir Walter Scott {q.v.), printed ii li29. . Doom of Marana (The); or, Th(l Spirit of G-ood and Evil. A roraantii, drama in two acts, by J. B. Buckstoni, {q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Thej atre, London, October 10, 1836, with thii author as Gil Pedrosa. Doomsday. The title and subject oj plays in the Chester and the Coventrj series. J Doone, Neville. Actor and dramatij writer ; author of ' Summer Clouds ' (1891). 'Two Suicides' (1891), 'My Awful Luck" (1892), ' The Lass that Loved a Sailor,' li; bretto (1893), 'Sparkle's Little System (1893), ' The Woman Tamer' (1896), ' A Swee; Deception' (1896), ' Breaking It Off' (189S); and, with H. W. C Newte, 'A Ministerinj. Angel ' (1893) and ' Snowdrop ' (1894). Dora. A drama by Charles Read:! {(I.e.), founded on the poem by Tennyson! and first performed at Adelphi Theatre' if I DORA DORLIN London, on June 1, 1867, -with Miss Kate Terry in the title part, Henry ?seville as Fanner Allen, H. Ashley as William Allen, J. Billington as Luke Blomfield, and Miss Hughes as Mary Morrison; performed in the" English provinces in 1879, with Ellen Terry in the title part, and in America -with Mrs. F. S. Chanfrau as Dora ; revived at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in January, 18S3, with Clias. Warner as Allen, E. H. Brooke as William, W. Rignold as Znike, Miss Sophie Eyre as Dora, and Miss Tenny- son as Mary ; at the Lyric Theatre, Ham- mersmith, in July, 1895, with C. Warner as before, C. Dalton as Luke. Miss L. Marl- borough as Mary, and Miss Grace Warner as Dora; at the Princess's, London, in 1900. Dora. (1) The " child-wife " in vei-sions of 'David Copperfield ' {q.v.). (2) The heroine of ' Diplomacy ' {q.v.), figuring also in BuRNAND's ' Dora and Diplunacy ' {q.v). Dora and Diplunacy ; or, A "Woman of Uncommon Scents. A burlesque by F. C. Burnand {q.v.) of 'Diplomacy' (7. i'.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on February 14, ■ 1878, with Harry Cox as Julian Beauclerc, 'F. Mitchell as Captain Beauclerc, W. S. Penley as Stein, C Marius as Orloff, Miss Rachel Sanger as Dora, Miss Lottie Venne as Zicka, Mrs. Clouston Forster as tne Marquise; revived at the Trafalgar Square Theatre, London, May 6, 1S98, with a cast including Frank Wyatt, Arthur Playfair, Cairns James, and Miss Elsie Chester. Dora Ingrram. A domestic drama in four acts, by .Mortimer Murdock, Pavilion Theatre, London, February 23, 1885. Dora Mayfield ; or, Love the Leveller. A drama in one act, by Edgar >'ewbou.nd, Britannia Theatre, London, February 25, 1878. Dora's Device. A comedietta in two acts, by ROBEiiX Reece {q.v.). Royalty The- atre, London, on January 11, 1871. Dora's Dream. An operetta, words by Arthur Cecil and music by Alfred CeUier, first performed at St. George's Hall, London, on June 17, 1873, by Arthur Cecil and Miss Fanny Holland; revived at the Opera Comique Theatre, November 17, 1877. Dora"bella. Sister to Fiordelisa in ' Tit for Tat ' {q.v.). Doran, John. Miscellaneous ^vriter, born 1S07, died 1878 ; published ia 1864 ' Their Majesties' Servants : Annals of the English Stage from Thomas Betterton to Edmund Kean ' (edited by R. W. Lowe in 1S8S), and in 1885 ' In and About Drury Lane, and other Papers.' He was the author of a play called ' Justice ; or, The Venetian Jew' {q.v.). Dorant. Son to Mr. Barnard in Van- BRUGH's ' Country House' {q.v.). Dorax. The name assumed by Don Alonzo in Dryden's ' Don Sebastian '{q.v.). Dorcas. An " operatic comedy " in three acts, libretto by Harry and Ed\vari) Paulto.x, music by several composers, first performed at EHzabeth, X.J., September 24, 1894 ; Olympia, New York, December, 1896 ; Kilburn, London, February, 1898. Dorcas. Wife to Gregory in Fielding'.s 'Mock Doctor' {q.v.). Doremus, Mrs. C. A. Dramatic writer; author of 'A Boy Hero,' 'The Charbonniere,' ' A Chinese Puzzle,' ' The Circus Rider,' ' Compressed Gunpowder,' ' Dorothy,' ' A Fair Bohemian,' ' Fernande,' 'Fleurette,' 'The Four in Hand,' 'A Mock Trial,' 'A Music Lesson,' 'Pranks,' 'Real Life, or Andy,' 'The Sleeping Beauty,' 'A Wild Idea,' etc. ; also, part-author, with T. R. Edwards, of ' The Wheel of Time,' and, with E. R. Steiner, of 'The Day Dream '—all produced in U.S.A. Dorf -and Stadt. See Lorlie's Wed DING. Doricourt. The hero of Mrs. Cowley's 'Belle's Stratagem' {q.v.). Dorilant, Mr., is a character in Wyciierley's 'Country Wife' {q.v.). (2) Sir John Dorilant, in ' The School for Lovers' {q.v.), is guardian to Ccelia. Dorilas. The name of characters in 'Merope' {q.v.) and 'The Whims of Ga- latea' {q.v.). Dorimant. A witty libertine in Ethe- REGE's 'Man of Mode' {q.v.).— There is a Sir Dudley Dorimant in ' Fashionable Friends ' {q.v.). Dorimond, in Dudley's ' Travellers in Switzerland' {q.v.), is in love with Julia. Dorinda. Daughter of Lady Bountiful in FARtiUHAR's 'Beaux' Stratagem ' {q.v.). Dorine. (1) A servant in Molierk's 'Tartutt'e' (7.1;.). (2) A character in Mat- THisON's ' Brave Hearts ' {q.v.). Doringrton. The hero of Holcroft's ' Man of Ten Thousand.' Doris. A comic opera, libretto by B. C. Stephenson {q.v.), music by Alfred Cellier {q.v.), first performed at the Lyric Theatre, London, on April 20, 1SS9, with Mdme. Annette Albu in the title part, ]\Iiss Amy Augarde as Lady Anne Jerningham, Miss Alice Barnett as Mistress Shelton, Miss Etiie Chapuy as Dolly Spigot, Miss H. Coveney as Tahitha, Ben Davies as Martin Bolder, Hayden Coffin as Sir Philip Carey, Furneaux Cook as Alderman Shelton, J. Le Hay as Crook, Percy Compton as Burnaby Spigot, and Arthur ^Villiams as Diniver. Doris. (1) The heroine of DiON Bouci- Cault's 'Fin Mac Coul' {q.v.). (2) The chief female character in ' After Business Hours ' {q.v.). (3) The heroine of ' An Inter- national Episode' {q.v.). Dorlin. A blind old soldier, father of the heroine in Howard Payne's ' Adeline ' (3. v.). DORMER 416 DORVAL Dorraer. (1) Caroline Dormer is the heroine of Colman's 'Heir at Law' (q.v.). (2) Captain and Marianne Dormer are brother and sister in CUMBERLAND'S ' Mys- terious Husband ' (q.v.). (3) The Bev. Paul Dormer is one of the personce in PiNERO'S ' Squire' (q.v.). Dormont, Valentine. A character in ' The Farmer ' (q. v.). Dormouse, Mr. and Mrs. Characters in Lewes'S ' Cosy Couple' (q.v.). — The Dor- mouse is one of the characters in 'Alice in Wonderland' (q.v.). Dornton. A banker in Holcroft's 'Road to Ruin' (q.v.), of which play his jon Harry is the hero. Dornton, Charles. Actor and the- atrical manager, died 1900.— Mrs. Charles Dornton [Louisa Robertson], actress, died February 6, 1881. Doro, Prince. The hero of Gilbert and Clay's ' Princess, Toto' (q.v.). Dorothea. (1) Sister of Monsieur Thomas in Beaumont and Fletcher's play so named (q.v.). (2) The " Virgin Martyr " in MaSSINGER'S play so named (q.v.). Dorothy. (1) A comic opera, music by Julian Edwardes, first performed at Leeds, April 2, 1877 ; produced at the Ladbruke Hall, London, September 24, in the same vear. (2) A comic opera in three acts, libretto by B. C. Stephenson, music by Alfred Cellier, first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, September 25, 1SS6, with ^Nliss Marion Hood as Dorothy Bantam, Miss F. Dysart as Lydia, Miss F. Lambeth as Phyllis, Miss H. Coveney as Mrs. Privett, Miss J. M'Nulty as Lady Betty, Redfern HoUins as Geoffrey Wilder, C Hayden Coffin as Henry Sherwood, Furneaux Cook as Squire Bantam, Arthur Williams as Lurcher, J. Le Hay as Tom Strvtt, and E. Griffin as John Tuppitt ; transferred on December 20, 18S6, to the Prince if Wales's Theatre, where Miss Edith Chester replaced Miss Dysart, and where, on February 19, 1887, ]Miss Marie Tempest and Ben Davies replaced Miss Hood and Redfern HoUins ; transferred on Decem- ber 17, 1888, to the Lyric Theatre [the opera was withdrawn on April 6, 18S9, after a run of 931 consecutive performances] ; performed in the English provinces in 18S7, with Miss Carr-Shaw as Dorothy, Miss M. Cross as Lydia, Miss M. Webb as Phyllis, Miss S. Lingwood as Mrs. Privett, Phillips Tomes as Wilder, C. Ryley as Shenrood, H. Fischer as Lurcher, A. Christian as the Squire, C. Burt as Tom Strutt, and W. T. Helmsley as Tup- pitt; revived at the Trafalgar Square Theatre, London, on November 26, 1892, Avith Miss Decima Moore as Dorothy, J. Tapley as Wilder, Leonard Russell as Sheruood, W. Eltonsis Lurcher, Miss Carr-Shaw as Phyllis, Miss M. A. Victor as Mrs. Privett, and J. Le Hay, F. Cook, and Miss F. Dysart in their original roles; revived in London and the provinces in 1900, with C. Pounds as Wilder, R. Gretn as Sherirood, M. Marler as Lurcher, J, WiJson as Bantam, Miss Ethel Newman as Dorothy, etc. The opera was performed at the Standard Theatre, New York, in 1886, Y/ith a cast including Miss Lilian Russell : (Dorothy), Miss Marie Halton (Phyllis), ! Eugene Oudin, etc. ; also, in the same i city in 1895, with Miss Morton as the heroine ; ' and again in New York in 1898, Avith Miss ' Attalie Claire in the title part. (3) A play i by Mrs. C. A. Doremus, performed in U.S.A. | Dorothy. (1) Daughter of "the Vicar : of Bray," in Grundy and Solomon's opera ' of that name (q.v.). (2) The heroine of • Crook's 'King's Dragoons' (q.v.). Dorothy's Dilemma. A play freely adapted by Leopold Jordan from G. Von Moser's " lustspiel," ' Eine Fraudie in Paris . War' (from which 'A Night's Frolic' is i taken), and first performed at the Park Theatre, New York, August 20, 1891. i Dorothy's Stratagrem. A comic \ drama in two acts, by James Mortimer j (q.v.), first performed at the Criterion i Theatre, London, on December 23, 1876, i with Miss Eastlake as the heroine, and • other parts by Miss E. Bruce, Miss M. j Holme, Miss M. Davis, H. Ashley, and H. ' Standing. Dorothy "Vernon. A drama in five acts, by J. W. Boulding (q.v.), first per- formed at Ashton-under-Lyne in October, 1889 ; produced at the Savoy Theatre, Lon- ■ don, on the afternoon of October 6, 1892. ' ti Dorr, Dorothy. Actress, born 1867 at \ Bdston, U.S.A. ; made her professional ' dibut at the Opera House, Chicago, in June, 1887, as Rachel in ' Held by the i Enemy' (q.v.). Her first appearance in ! New York Avas in March. 1888, at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, as Ethel Gray in 'The Golden Giant.' In the same month she ; was the original Ethel Sorrero in ' A Possible Case.' She made her English debut at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, in March, 1891, as the original Mary Dennison in Dam's , • Diamond Deane ' (q.v.). She was after- wards in the first casts of ' Dick Wilder' (1S91), ' The Honourable Herbert ' (1891), ' Happy Returns ' (1892), ' Strathlogan' (1892), 'The Lost Paradise' (1892), and ' Delia Harding ' (1895), besides being seen as Clara Douglas in ' Money ' (1891), Letty Fletcher in ' Saints and Sinners ' (1S92), and Tress Jarvis in ' The Lights of Home ' (1892). Dorrillon, Sir "William and Maria. Father and daughter in Mrs. Inchbald'S ' Wives as they Were and Maids as they Are ' (q.v.). Dorrison, Lucy. The ingenue ia Robertson's ' Home' (q.v.). Dorset Garden. See London The- atres. Dorset, St. John. See Belfour, Hugo John. Dorval ; or. The Test of Virtue. A comedy, translated from Diderot, and printed in 1767. DORY 417 DOUBLE DUMMY Dory, John. A character in O'Keefe's 'Wild Oats' (g.u). Dot: A Fairy Tale of Home. A play by Dion Boucicault {q.v.), founded on Dickens's 'Cricket on the Hearth' (q.v.), ind first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 14, 1862, with Miss Wool- ^ar as Tilly Slowboy, Miss Louise Keeley as Dot, Miss H. Simmsas Bertha, Mrs. Marston 13 Mrs. Fielding, Miss Kate Kelly as the renms of Home, J. L. Toole as Caleb Plum- net, S. Emery as Peeryhingle, C. H. Stephen- on as Tackle.ton, J. Billington as Ned Hummer; revived at the Gaiety in Decera- )er, 1S70, as 'The Christmas Story,' with ;oole as Caleb, Miss E. Farren as Tilly, . D. Stoyle as Tackleton, Jliss Carlotta iddison as Dot, Miss M. Dalton as Bertha, liss B. Marston as May, Mrs. H. Leigh as Irs. Fielditifj, and W. Maclean as Peery- ingle ; reyived (with alterations) as • The Cricket on the Hearth,' at C4arrick The- tre, London, December, 1903, with A. >ourchier as Caleb, Miss V. Vanbrugh as lertha, J. H. Barnes as Peerybingle, etc. Dotheboys HaU. A drama in three cts, adapted from 'Nicholas Nickleby ' (^.r.) y J. Daly Besemerks {q.v.), first performed t the Court Theatre, London, December ), 1871, with E. Ilighton as Squeera, Mrs. tepheiis as Mrs. Squeers, Miss IVLaggie lennan as Miss Squeers, Miss R. Coglilan 5 Tilda Price, Miss Santon as Smilce, W. J. ill as Broivdie, A. Bishop as iS'ichola. Harry Atall, Fairbank as Supple, Mrs. Cross as Lady Sadlife, Mrs. Oldfield as Lady Dainty, Mrs. Rogers as Clarinda, Mrs. Saunders as Wishivell, etc. '' At-all jumps, by mere volubility of tongue and limbs, under three several names into three several assigna- tions with three several incoynitas, whom he meets at the same house, as they happen to be mutual friends. He would succeed with them all, but that he is detected by them all round, and then he can hardly be said to fail, for he carries off the best of them at last, who, not being able to seduce him from her rivals by any other means, resorts to a disguise, and vanquishes him in love by disarming him in a duel " (HazUtt). The comedv was revived at Covent Garden (? 1839 or 1840), with C. J. Mathews as Atall, Farren as Sir Solomon, G. Vandenhoff as Careless, Mdme. Vestris as Clarinda, Mrs. Nisbett as Lady Sadlife, INIrs. W. Lacy as Lady Dainty, Mrs. Humby as Wislnvell, and Mrs. Orger as Situp ; revived at the Hay- market in March, 1848, with a cast com- prising Farren, Webster, Howe, Tilbury, Rogers, Brindal, H. Vandenhoff, Mrs. Nis- bett, Mrs. Humby, Mrs. Caultield, Mrs. Buckingham, and Miss Fortescue. Double Lesson (A). A play by B. C. Stephenson {q.v.), performed by Miss R. Vokes and company at New York in January, 1887. Double Life (A). (1) A drama I Lewis Slnclair, produced at Swansea c December 4, 1871. (2) A drama by J. < Elliott, fir.st performed at Dundee r October 21, 1872. (3) A drama by Edwab CocKBURN Johnstone, Theatre Metropol Birkenhead, April 11, 1892. Double Marriag-e (The). (1) tragedy by Beaumont and Fletcher (j.t;, performed at the Theatre Royal in 16S The double marriage is that made by ViroU who, wedded to Juliana, but a prisoner the Duke of Sesse, agrees to espouse Marti ^ the duke's daughter, who promises to s him free. He afterwards divorces Julian but goes through only the ceremony ' marriage with Martia, who vows reveng Ultimately Juliana stabs Virolet, and "di on his dead body." The play was revivi at the Marylebone Theatre in April, 18< with Mrs. Warner as Juliana, Miss Fani Vining as Martia, Graham as Virolet, La as Ferrand (tyrant of Naples), Potter Ronvere (his creature), and Johnstone as t Duke of Sesse. (2) A drama in five acts, Charles Reade q.v.), founded on his no\' of ' White Lies ' (itself founded on Maque play, ' Le Chateau Grantier,' Paris Gar 1852), and first performed at the Quae;- Theatre, London, on October 24, 18< with INIiss Ellen Terry as Rose de Beau 2)airc, Miss Fanny Addison as Josephine Beaurepaire, Miss H. Hodson as Jacint), L. Brough as Dard, A. Wigan as CaptO' Raynal. A revised version of the play ■« produced (after a provincial run) at t- Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on t' afternoon of June 26, 1888, with Miss Ai; Roselle as Louise (Rose), Arthur Dacre Dujardin, and Oscar Adye as Rayii' " Josephine, the heroine, has given birth a child under circumstances which, thou' ultimately explained satisfactorily, appn at the moment most compromising. . . . ' this supreme moment, her sister, a yoi girl, the incarnation of truth, purity, a innocence, comes forward in the presence her affianced husband and her mother, i ■ haughty Comtesse Grandpri, and, to s; Josephine from shame, brands herself W infamy. Taking the claild in her arms, - innocent girl declares that it is hers " (Jc Coleman). (3) An American drama in ti> acts, first performed at the Adelphi Thealj. March S, 1873. ! Double Mistake (The). A comii- by Mrs. Elizabeth Griffiths, acted., Covent Garden in 1766.— 'A Double ft.- take ' is the title of a farce by F. ThompS' produced at Hastings in June, 1884. Double Rose (The). An historical p • in five acts, by J. W. Boulding {q.v.), i: performed at the Adelphi Theatre, Lond , on the afternoon of June 17, 1882, wifi. cast including Miss Sophie Eyre (Qui Elizabeth), Miss Agnes Thomas, W. Rignc, E. Price, F. Everill, W. Mclntyre, • Thorne, T. F. Nye, etc. Double Zero. A comedy in three a , by J. P. Hurst iq.v.), first performed at i DOUBLE-BEDDED ROO:SI 419 DOUGLASS Stranrl Theatre, London, on the afternoon of October 10, 1883, with a cast including F. H. Macklin, W. F. Hawtrey, Miss Fanny Coleman, and Miss Lucy Buckstone. Double-bedded Room. (The). A farce founded on ' Une Chambre a Deux Lits,' and tirst performed at the Haymarket Theatre, June 3, 1843, with a cast including r. F. Matthews, Strickland, Clark, Mrs. lilover, and Mrs. Humby. " The part of \n irascible old gentleman was played, with ■ onsummate ability, by William Farren the Elder" (G. A. Sala). Doublechick, Barnaby- A wealthy joap-boiler in II. J. Byron's ' Upper Crust ' q.V.). Doublecbin. A monk in Gay's ' Wife )f Bath' (q.i\). Doubledick. A drama by West )IGGES, Theatre Royal, Halifax, October S, 1S75. Doubleknock, Sandy. A postman in :. Stirling's ' Grace Darling ' (q.v.). Double-faced People. A comedy in hree acts, by J. Col'ktnky (q.v.), tirst per- urraed at the Ilaymarkec Theatre in Feb- nary, 1857, witli Chippendale as Vacile, V, Farren as Men'le;/, Buckstone as Sr-rum- ■lel, Compton as (Jlons, Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam s Emily, Miss Reynolds as Fanny, Mrs. 'oynter as Mrs. Wranrval, Love as Glenalvon, Younger as Lord Randolph, Mrs. Ward as Lady Ran- dolph [originally called "Lady Bernard"], and Mrs. Hopkins as Anna ; fi'rst produced in London at Covent Garden on March 14. 1757, with Barry as Douglas, Sparks as old J!forml, Smith as Glenalvon, Ridout as Lord Randolph, Peg WoflBngton [who, ac- cording to Wilkinson, M-as not suited to the part] as Lady Randolph, and Mrs. Vincent as Anna; revived at Drury Lane in 1760 with Mrs. Yates as Lady Randolph, and in 1769 with Mrs. Barry in that role ; at Covent Garden in 1776, with Barry as old Norval ; at the Haymarket in 1780, with Bannister, jun., as Douglas, Digges as old A'orrai, and Mrs. Crauford as Lady Randolph ; at Covent Garden in 1783, with Henderson as old Norml ; at Drury Lane in 1783, with Palmer as Glenalvon, Farren as Lord Randoljjh, and :Mrs. Siddons as Lady Randolph ; at Covent Garden in 1787, with Pope as Douglas and Mrs. Pope as Lady Randolph; at Drurv Lane in May, 1795, with Mrs. Powell as Douglas; in 1796 with Elliston as Douqlas, and in 1803 with Kemble as old Nvrval and Cooke as Glenalvon ; at Dublin in 1803, witli W. H. Betty as Douglas ; at Glasgow in 1806, with Mrs. Bartley as Douglas; in New York in 1807, with J. Howard Payne as Douglas; at Drury Lane in 1818, with Edmund Kean as Douglas and Pope as old Xorval; at Covent Garden in 1818, with Charles Kemble as Douglas, Young as old Norval, Macready as Glenalvon, Egerton as Lord Randolph, Miss O'Neill as Lady Randolph ; at Drury Lane in 1826, with Wallack as Douglas, Bennett as Glenalvon, Cooper as old Norval, and Mrs. West as Lady Randolph, and in 1827 with Charles Kean as Douglas; at the Surrey Theatre in November, 1838 ; at Sadler's Wells Theatre in November, 1845, witli Miss Cooper as Douglas, Marston as Glenalvon, and i\Irs. Warner as Lady Ran- dolph ; in the English provinces in 1851, with H. Vezin as Douglas ; at Albany, New York, in June. 1853, with Miss Maggie Mitchell as Douglas. Douglas has been represented in America by Mrs. Conner and in England by Miss Marriott. In 1S27 Sir Walter Scott wrote of the play that it " does not stand the closet. Its merits are for the stage, but it is certainly one of the best acting plays going." — A one-act bur- lesque of ' Douglas,' by W. Leman Rede, was performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, February 13, 1837, with " O." Smith as Glenalvon, J. Reeve as Douglas, and Mrs. Stirling as Lady Randolph. Doug-las, Clara. The heroine of Lytton'S 'Money' (q.v.). — Ellen Douglas figures in the various dramatizations of ' The Lady of the Lake ' (q.v.). Doug-las [Robertsonl, G-. R. Dra- matic writer; author of 'Stage-Land' (1875), 'Rival Candidates' (1880), and 'A Naughty Novel' (1881)— all of which see. Doug-lass, John. Actor and theatrical manager, born 1814, died 1874 ; began life at eleven as a pantomime ' ' super " at Covent DOUGLASS 420 DOAN-N THE SLOPE Garden. In course of time he became cele- brated for his representation of nautical characters, being seen at Drury Lane in 185S in ' Ben the Boatswain,' in -which he made his final stage appearance in 1869. Between 1S33 and 1845 he was manager of minor theatres in Gravesend, Chelsea, and various other parts of London. His con- nection with the Standard Theatre began in 1S45 ; of the new Standard, opened in 1S67, he was director until his death. From 1S57 to 1S71 he was also manager of the Pavilion, and, during part of that period, of the Marylebone. His son John (q.v.) followed him at the Standard, and his son Eichard became a scenic artist. Doug-lass, J olm. Theatrical manager and dramatic wTiter ; son of John Douglass [see above] ; author of the following (and other) stage pieces :— ' A Royal Marriage ' (1868), ' A Dead Calm ' (1S6S), ' For Sale ' (1869), 'The Young Man of the Period' (1869), ' In and Out of Service ' (1869), ' Guy Fawkes ' (1870), ' Venus v. Mars ' (1S70), ' A Chapter of Accidents ' (1870), ' The Vicar of Wakefield' (1870), 'Germans and French' (1871), ' "Warranted Sound and Quiet in Harness' (1S71), 'Brave as a Lion' (1872), ' Thompson's Visit ' (1872), • What will the Neighbours Sav ? ' (1873), ' Xo Man's Land ' (1890), 'Winifred's Vow' (1892), 'Nance' (1893), ' Birthright ' (1894), ' Down on his Luck' (1894), ' Known to the Police ' (1899), 'The Mistress of the Seas' (1899). Also, co-author, with J. Willing, of 'A Bubble Reputation' (1885) and 'A Dark Secret' (l&b6); and with T. G. Warren, of 'The Tongue of Slander ' (1837) ; part-author of ' A Bitter Wrong ' (1884), ' The Royal Mail ' (1SS7), 'A Bunch of Shamrock' (1896), 'The Cross for Valour' (1897), 'From Scotland Yard ' (1897), etc. Dove and the Serpent (The). A play by Leopold Lewis (q.v.) and E. Dut- 'C0.\ Cook iq.v), produced at the City of London Theatre. Dove- Cot (The). A comedy in three acts, adapted from MM. Bisson and Le- clercq's 'Jalouse' (Paris, October, 1897), and first performed at the Duke of York's Theatre, London, on February 12, 1898, with Seymour Hicks and Miss Ellis Jeffreys as Mr. and Mrs. Allward, J. Welch and Miss Carlotta Addison as Mr. and Mrs. Brindle, and other parts by C. Sugden, W. Wyes, G. Raicmond, Miss Leonora Braham, Miss Sybil Grey, Miss Sybil Carlisle, Miss K. Kearney, etc. Dove, Owen [Gustave de Meirelles Soares]. Actor and playwright, born 1845, died 1893. Dove. (1) A character in Bdckstoxe's 'Married Life' (g.f.). (2) Cato Dove is a barrister in Boucicault's ' Forbidden Fruit' iq.v.). (3) Sir Benjamin and Lady Dove figure in CUMBERLAND'S 'Brothers' iq.v.); tile former is henpecked, and the latter a termagant. Doves in a Cag-e. -A. comedy in two acts, by Douglas Jerrold {q.v.), first per- formed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, December 21, 1835, with F. Vining as Prosper, Wilkinson as Cherub, Webster as Carbuncle, Searle as Claws, Mrs. Nisbett as Mabellah, Miss Barnett as Mrs. Comfits, etc. Dovetail, Nicholas, figures in"' Mis- ■ chief-Making ' (q. v). There is a Bujus Dove- tail in Derrick s ' Little Stranger ' (q.v.). Dowag-er (The). (1) A play by Thomas Chatierton' (q.v.), of which two scenes exist in manuscript. (2) A comedietta adapted by C. J. Mathews (q.v.) from 'Le Chateau de ma Mfere,' and first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, December 3, 1843, with Mathews as Lord Alfred Lyndsay, ^ Mdme. Vestris as the Doicager Coiintess o) Tresilian, and other parts by HoU and Brindal ; revived at the Strand Theatre, London, in 1876, with W. H. Vernon as Lord Alfred, J. G. Grahame as Sir Frederick, H. Cox as Beauchainp, Miss A. Swanborough as the Dowager Countess, and Miss L. Venne as Lady Bloomer. (3) A play by F. Paul-' DING, performed in U.S.A. Dowden, Edward. Professor of Eng-. lish literature and miscellaneous writer;.' author of ' Shakespeare : his Mind and^ Art ' (1876), ' A Shakespeare Primer ' (1877).i and * An Introduction to Shakespeare ' (1893) ; editor of Shakespeare's Sonnets prefaced and annotated (I^jT), and of 'Ham let' (la09) and 'Romeo and Juhet' (1900) also prefaced and annotated. Dowlas, Daniel, in Colman's ' Heir ai Law' {q.v.), is an ignorant and vulgaV chandler. His wife Deborah and his soi' Dick are also prominent in the play. Dowling:, Maurice G-. Superintenden of police at Liverpool ; author of burlesque.; of ' Othello ' (1834) and ' Romeo and Juhet . (1837). Dowling-, Mildred T. See Danger^ FIELD '95. , Dowling-, Richard. Novelist am) dramatic writer, born 1846, died 1898 j author of ' Below London Bridge,' dram:] (1896). Down among the Coals. A farce bj Taylor Bilkins, Court Theatre, Londoni November 15, 1873. ' Down in a Balloon. A farce by Joh:' OXENFORD iq.v.), first performed at th Adelphi Theatre, London, on April 10, 187r Down in Dixie- (1) A play by Scot JiARBLE, first performed at the Oper House, Cincinnati, September 2, 1894. (2 A play by C. Townsend, performed i: U.S.A. Down on his Duck. A farcical corned in three acts, by John Douglass, Ne- Theatre, Oxford, October 1, 1894. Down the Slope. A comedy-dram in four acts, by A. E. Berg, first performe in America ; produced at the Grand Tht atve, Stalybridge, June 28, 1897. In DOWNER 421 DR. BILL Downer, Billy. The " Unfinished Gentleman " in Selby's play so named (q.v.). Downes, John. Prompter to "the Duke's Servants " in the theatre at Lincoln's Inn Fields from 1662 to 1706; author of 'Roscius Anglicanus [q.v.]; or, An Histori- cal View of the Stage,' published in 1708. Downfall of Robert, Earl of Htua- tingdon (The). See Robin Hood. Downing-, George. Actor and dra- matic writer ; author of ' Newmarket ' (1763 \ ' The Parthian Exile ' (1774), and ' The Volunteers ' (1780). Downman, Hug-h, M.D. Author of three tragedies — 'Lucius Junius Brutus* (1779), ' Editha' (17S4), and 'Belisarius' (1792). See Drama, The. Downrig'ht, Daniel. See Bastard Child. Downrig'ht, Georg-e. A " plain squire" in Jonson'S 'Every Man in his Humour.' (2) Doionright is cousin and lover of Clarinda in Oxenford'S 'Idol's Birthday' {q.v.). Downward, Dr. , in Wilkie Collins's 'Miss Gwilt' iqv-), "rather prompts deeds of violence than accomplishes them with his own hands ; but his wickedness is never- theless of the most abandoned and atrocious kind" (Dutton Cook). Dowton, Mrs. H. See Sloman, Mrs. Dowton, William. Actor, born at Exeter, 1764 ; died 1851 ; was articled to an architect, but was led by his success as an amateur actor to join "the profession." His earliest experiences were provincial, his first appearance in London being made at Drury Lane in October, 1795, as Sheva in * The Jew ' {q.v.\. Among other characters played by him in the metropolis may be named Shylock, Falstaff, Maholio, Sir Hugh ,Evans, Dr. CantwcU, Hardcastle in 'Sha ■jStoops to Conquer,' AntJiony Absolute, Sir Oliver Surface, old Dornton, etc. He was for a time manager of the theatres at Canterbury and Maidstone. In June, 1S36, he made, at the Park Theatre, New York, his American debut, playing Falstaff; he returned to England in November. On June 8, 1840, at Her Majesty's, he enacted, for his own benefit. Sir Robert Bramble in 'The Poor Gentleman,' securing a sum sufficient to provide him with an adequate annuity. He married, before coming to London, ]\Iiss S. Baker, an actress. Of his sons, William (died 1883) managed the Kent Circuit from 1815 to 1S35, making his Lon- lon debut in 1832 ; while Henry (born 1798) is said to have performed Liston's line of parts "inimitably." See Oxberry's 'Dra- matic Biography ' (1827), Genest's 'English Stage ' (1832), Ireland's ' New York Stage ' 1867), etc. Richard Cumberland wrote in 1806: "If quick conception, true discrimi- lation, and the happy faculty of incarnating ;he idea of his poet, are properties essential ■n the almost undefinable composition of a great and perfect actor, these and many more will be found in Dowton " (' Memoirs '). " The greatest living comedian out of the direct pale of gentility, though we by no means insinuate that he is vulgar, appears to us," said another contemporary critic, "to be Dowton. His genius lies in the expression of strong feeling, open or sub- dued, at the middle period of life. He can smooth over an habitual vehemence, indulge himself in the most delightful cordiality, and be carried away into the uttermost transport of rage, with equal facility." Hazlitt described Dowton as " a genuine and excellent comedian." See also Leigh Hunt's ' Performers of the London The- atres ' (1807). Dowty, A. A. See After Darkness, Dawn. Doxy, Betty. A character in Gay's ' Beggar's Opera.' Doyle, Conan. Novelist and dramatic writer ; author of the following stage pieces :— ' Foreign Policy (1893), ' A Story of Waterloo' (1894), 'Halves' (1899), and, with J. M. Barrie, the libretto of 'Jane Annie * (1893). Dozey, in Dibdin's 'Past Ten O'clock and a Rainy Night' {q.v.). (2) Dr. Dozey is a character in Grundy's 'Silver Shield' iq-v.). Dr. See Doctor. Dr. Ambrosias, his Secret. An opera di camera in two acts, words by H. !>., music by R. D'Oyly Carte, first per- formed at St. George's Hall, Loudon, on August 8, 1868. Dr. Barlow. An extravaganza in one act, by W. Heighway. Dr. Belg-rafif. A play by Charles Klein, first performed (for copyright pur- poses), Vaudeville Theatre, London, October 31, 1896 ; produced at Park Opera House, Erie. Pa., November 2, 1896, with Wilton Lackaye in the title part ; first performed in New York at the Garden Theatre, April 19, 1897. Dr. Bill. A farcical comedy in three acts, adapted by Hamilton Aid^ from 'Le Docteur Jo- Jo ' of Albert Carre (Paris Cluny, March 16, 1888), and first performed at the Avenue Theatre, London, on February 1, 1890, with Fred Terry in the title part {Dr. William Bro^vn), Miss Elizabeth Robins as Mrs. Brown, Miss F. Brough as 3[rs. Hor- ton. Miss Edith Kennard as Miss Fauntle- roy (" the Kangaroo Girl "), and other parts by A. Chevalier, B. Webster, H. Grattan, Miss C. Leclercq, Miss L. Graves, and Miss M. Linden ; in March, George Alexander replaced F. Terry, and in July was himself replaced by J. G. Grahame. The piece was produced at the Garden Theatre, New York, in September, 1890 ; and revived at the Court Theatre, London, December 8, 1894, with C. H. Hawtrey in the title part and Miss Lottie Venne as Mrs. Hortoa. DR. CHETWYND 422 DRAGON'S GIFT Dr. Chetwyiid. A plav in four acts, by F. C. Philips (q.v.). Opera House, Cheltenham, January 20, 1896. Dr. Claudius. A play, in a prelude and four acts, founded by Marion Craw- ford and Harry .•5T. Maur on the former's noYel so named, and perfoi-med, for copy- right purposes, at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, January 29, 1397 ; first acted in America at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, Xew York, February 1, 1S97, by E. M. HoUand, Joseph Holland, and their company. Dr. Clyde. A comedy in five acts, first performed in U.S.A., and produced at the Alexandra Opera House, Sheffield, July 19, 18S0. Dr. D. A comic opera in two acts, li- bretto by C. P. COLNAGHI, music by jCots- ford Dick, first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, May 30, 1SS5, with H. Ashley in the title part (Z)ocfor Dosemojfen), and other rOles by Miss Amy Florence, Miss Ethel Pierson, Miss Emily Cross, etc. ; re- vived at the Opera Comique Theatre in December, 1891, as ' A Spring Legend,' with Cairns James as the Doctor, and other parts by Miss Edith Chester, Miss Laura Linden, Mrs. Copleston, S. Barraclough, W. R. Shirley, etc. Dr. Faust and Miss Marguerite ; or, 'xhe Young- Duck -with the Old Q,uack. A burlesque by R. J. 3Iartin and E. H. P. Hobdat, first produced by amateurs at the Queen's Theatre, Dublin, on August 24, 1885. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. (1) A play by T. Russell Sullivan, founded on the story by R. L. Stevenson, and first per- formed at Boston, U.S.A., in May, 1887, with Richard Mansfield in the title roles. Miss Isabel Evesson as Agnes Careiv, and Miss Emma Sheridan as Rebecca; first per- formed in England at the Lyceum The- atre, London, on August 4, 1889, with R. Mansfield and Miss Sheridan as before. Miss B. Cameron as Agnes, D. H. Harkins as Dr. Lanyon, :Mrs. Harkins as Mrs. Lanyon, etc. (2) A play based by Daniel E. Band MANN on the same original, and first performed in U.S.A. in ISSS; produced at the Opera Comique, London, on August 6, 1888, with the adapter in the title parts, Miss L. Beaudet as Sybil, and other roles by Miss L. Seccombe, 5liss Ada Neilson, H. Loraine, and S. Calhaem. — There is another dramatic version of the story, written by D. Davidson and C. Young, and performed in U.S.A. Dr. Johnson. An episode in one act, by Leo Trevor (q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal, Richmond, May 11, 1896 ; Strand Theatre, London, April 23, 1897, with Arthur Bourchier in the title part, Fred Thorne as Bosxcell, Miss Sidney Crowe as Mrs. Bosicell, and C Weir as Captain McKenzie. See Johnson, Samuel. Dr. Syntax. A comic opera, written by J. Cheevek Goodwin, music by Wool- son Morse, acted first under that title. Montreal, Canada, August 27, 1894 ; first in New Y^ork, Broadway Theatre, September 3, 1894. See Cinderella at School. (2) ' Dr. Syntax, the Hypnotist : ' a comedy- drama by William Busch, Adelphi The- atre, Liverpool, September 24, 1894. (3) ' Dr. Syntax : ' a musical comedy-drama in three acts, by Charles Freeman, Roval Concert Hall, St. Leonard's-on-Sea, June' 3 1895. Dr. and Mrs. Neill. A play in three acts, by Clo Graves, first performed at Theatre Royal, Manchester, September 28, 1894, with J. Forbes Robertson and Miss Kate Rorke in the title parts. Miss M. Rorke as Lady Cartheiv, T. B. Thalberg as Valancy, and E. W. Gardiner as Flunkett; Grand Theatre, Islington, September 9, 1895, with Miss K. Rorke and E. W. Gardiner in their original roles, Brandon Thomas as Br. Xeill, and Miss Beatrice Lamb as Lady Carthew. Drag-g-lethorp, Tiddy. A character in W. Phillips's ' Lost in London' {q.v.). Dragron (The) is a leading character in G. Abbott a Beckett's and Mark Lemon's ' St. George and the Dragon ' {q.v.), and in other versions of the same story. Drag-on Knig-ht (The) ; or, The Q,ueen of Beauty. A drama in two : acts, by Edward Stirling, founded on H. Ainsworth's ' Crichton,' and first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on Novem- ber 18, 1839, with Lyon as the Admirable Crichton (the Dragon Knight), Miss M. Lee as Esclairmonde (the Queen of Beauty), ; Yates as Henri de Valois, Maynard as ' Gonzago, Saville as Joyevse, Wright as , Chicot {the jester), Mrs. Fosbroke as Cathe- ' rine de Medicis, Miss Allison as Marguerite ,' de Valois, and Miss E. Honner as Genevra. ; Dragon of Wantley (The) was, •written by Henry Carey {q.v.) and com- ' posed by J. F. Lampe, in burlesque of the Italian operas of their day. It was first, performed at Covent Garden on October 26, 1737, with Reinhold as the Dragon, Salway.' as Moore, Laguerre as Gaffer Gubbins, Miss J. Y'oung as Margery Gubbins, and Miss E.' Y'oung as Mauxalinda. Moore, who is in; love with Margery, slays the Dragon by kicking him in the rear ; Avhereupon Gub- bins cries — " The Loves of this brave Knight, and my fair Daughter, In Eoratorios shall be sung hereafter." Mauxalinda is an old flame of Moore's, and jealous of Margery, whom she essays to kilb with a bodkin. A sequel, or second part,' of ' The Dragon of Wantley,' entitled 'Mar- gery ; or, A Worse Plague than the Dragon,\ was produced at Covent Garden in Decem- ber, 1838. (2) ' The Dragon of Wantley ; or. Old Mother Shipton,' a pantomime by E., L. Blanchard, produced at Drury Lane in December, 1870. Dragon's Gift (The). A play liy J. R. Planche, produced at Drury Lane Theatre on April 12, 1830. i DRAGONS DE VILLARS 42.3 DRAMATIST Dragons de Villars (Les). A comic opera, composed by Maillart, and first performed in London (in French) at the Gaiety, on June 24, 1875 ; afterwards per- formed in London, with an English libretto, under the title of ' The Dragoons' (q.v.). Dragrooner, Mrs. The "Auntie" of H. J. Byron's farcical comedy so named (q.v.). Dragroons (The). A comic opera in three acts, the music by Maillart, the li- bretto by Henry Hersee, adapted from that of 'Les Dragons de Villars' (q.v.) ; first performed at the Folly Theatre, London, on lApril 14, 1879, Avith Mdme. Dolaro as Rose Friqiiet, Miss Alma Stanley as Georgette., F. Leslie as Thibaut, C. J. Campbell as Sylvain, and F. H. Celli as Bellamy. Drake, James, M.D. Author of ' The Sham Lawyer,' a comedy (1697) ; also, of a criticism on Jeremy Collier's ' Short View Df the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage,' entitled ' The Antient and Modern Stages Survey'd, or Mr. Collier's View ... set in a True Light ' (1699). Drake, Julia. Actress ; daughter of Samuel Drake the actor (1772-1847) ; succes- ively Mrs. Fosdick and Mrs. Dean ; " was," lays T. Allston Brown in 'The American otage,' " the first native-born actress that Electrified the Western country in 1S15." ■JeeDEAN, Julia. Drake, Mrs. Alexander [nee Denny]. Lctress, born at Albany, N.Y. ; first ap- peared in Philadelphia in 1821, and in New 'ork in 1832, Drama (The). A poem, published in 775, and ascribed both to H. Downman nd F. PiLON. Drama (The), or Theatrical Pocket lag-azine. A periodical started in May, i2l, and continued till 1825. Dram.a at Home (The). A " revue " y J. R. Planch i5:, produced at the Hay- larket Theatre, London, at Easter, 1844, ith a cast including C J. Mathews, James land. Miss P. Horton, and Mrs. Glover. Drama's Levee (The) ; or, A Peep t the Past, A "revue" by J. R. LANCHi^, produced at the Olympic The- ;re, London, on April 16, 1838. Dramas of the "Wine Shop (The), melodrama, adapted by B. Webster, jun., om 'Les Drames du Cabaret' (g.t-.), and •educed at the Adelphi Theatre, London. Dramatic Biog-raphy. See Ox- iRRY, W. Dramatic Censor (The), or Critical ompanion, bv Francis Gentleman, IS published in 1770. " It is," says R. W. nve, "a very valuable work so far as its iticisms upon the actors are concerned." ) ' Tlie Dramatic Censor, or Weekly The- lical Report,' by Thomas Dutton, was issued from January 4 to June 28, 1800, after which it became a "monthly epitome." In July, 1801, its title was changed to 'The Dramatic and Literary Censor.' Dramatic Gazette (The), a weekly record of the stage, appeared between Octo- ber 9, 1830, and January 1, 1831, inclusive.— 'The Dramatic and Musical Review' was published between 1842 and 1847.— 'The Dramatic Chronicle and Observer ' appeared in January, 1870. — 'The Dramatic Review' began to appear in February, 1885. Dramatic Magazine (The), issued monthly, was published in three volumes, dated 1829-31. — ' Tallis's Dramatic Maga- zine ' appeared monthly for eight months, beginning in November, 1850. Dramatic Mirror (The) : "containing the history of the stage, from the earliest period to the present time ; including a biographical and critical account of all the dramatic writers from 1660 ; and also of the most distinguished performers, from the days of Shakespeare to 1807 ; and a history of the coimtry tlieatres,in England, Ireland, and Scotland," by Thomas Gilliland, pub- lished in 1808. — 'Oxberry's Dramatic Mirror,' containing the biogra; iiies of certain " emi- nent performers," appeared in lSi28. Dramatic Miscellanies. See Davies, Thomas. Dramatic Notes. A year-book of the London stage, edited by Charles Eyre Pascoe(1S79), W. H. RiT)i;iNr; (issO), Austin Brereton(1881 to 1880), and Cecil Howard (1887 to 1892). Dramatic Poesy, Essay of. See Dryden, John. Dramatic Students (The). A Society thus entitled, consisting of young actors and actresses desirous to obtain further oppor- tunities for practice in their art, and to promote the study of dramatic literature, was founded in February, 1885, and during its existence revived the following plays : 'The Two Gentlemen of Verona' (June, 1885), Lamb's ' Mr. H.' and Jerrold's ' House- keeper' (October, 1885), Dryden's 'Secret Love ' (.January, 1886), White's ' King of the Commons ' (May, 1886), Hey wood's ' Woman killed with Kindness' (March, 1887), W. Marston's ' Favourite of Fortune ' (Novem- ber, 1887). Dramatick. The hero of ' The Author's Triumph ' (q.v.). Dramatist (The) ; or, Stop him ■who Can ! A comedy in five acts, by Frederic Reynolds (q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden in May, 1789, with Lewis in the title part ( FapicZ), Munden as Ennui, Quick as Lord Scratch, Blanchard as Flori- ville, Holman as Harry Neville, Macready as Willoughhy, Mrs. Webbas iadj/ Waitror'i, Miss Brunton as Louisa Courtney, and Mrs. Wells as Marianne ; liijou Tiieatre, London W., October 29, 1903. DRAMES DU CABARET DREAMS Drames du Cabaret (Les). See Dramas of the Wi.ne Shop and Work- men OF Paris. Draper, Mattlie-w. Author of ' The Spendthrift,' a comedy (1731). Drawcansir, iu Buckingham's 'Re- hearsal' (q.v.), is a travesty of Almayizor {q.v.) in ' The Conquest of Granada.' Dra-wing--E,ooins, Second Floor, and Attic. A farce by J. Maddison Morton {q.v.). Drawn Battle (A). A duologue by Malcolm Watson, first performed at the Op6ra Comique Theatre, London, on April 17, 1893, by Charles Fulton and Miss Lena AshweU. Drayton, Micliael. The following dramatic pieces, none of them now in ex- istence, have been ascribed to this poet : — . ' Connan, Prince of Cornwall ' (1598), ' Earl Godwin and his Three Sons' (1598), 'The First Civil Wars in France ' (1598), ' Sir William Longsword ' (159S), ' Wars of Henry I. and the Prince of Wales ' (1598), 'Worse Afeared than Hurt ' (159S), and ' The Two Harpies ' (1602). See Henslowe's ' Diary,' 'Biographia Draraatica' (1812), Fleay's ' English Drama ' (1891), O. Elton's ' Michael Drayton' (1893), and the 'Dictionary of National Biography.' Dreadfully Alarming-. A farce by Conwav Euwardes {q.v,) and E. A. CuL- LERNB, first performed at the Philharmonic Theatre, London, on September 30, 1871. Dream. (A); or, Binks' Photo- g-raphic Gallery. A musical satire by Nat Childs and AVillie Edouin {q.v.), first performed in the United States, and produced at the Avenue Theatre, London, July 16, 1883. Dream (The). A tragedy in three acts and in prose, by Joanna Baillie {q-v.). " This play," says Genest, " has great merit. The character of Osterloo {.q.v.} is drawn in a masterly manner." Dream at Sea (The). A three-act drama by J. B. Buckstone, first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on No- vember 23, 1835, with the author as Tinkle, Vining as Launce Lynivood, "O." Smith as Black Ralph, Miss Daly as Anne Treva- nion, Mrs. Nisbett as Biddy Nutts ; revived at the Adelphi in 1836, with Mrs. Stirling as Biddy ; at Sadler's Wells, London, in 1S38, with Mrs. Honey as Biddy ; at the Maryle- bone Theatre in 1848, with the Keeleys ; at the Adelphi Theatre, London, in January, 1875, with J. Fernandez as Launce, W. Mclntyre as Black Ralph, J. Fawn as Twin- kle, Miss Edith Stuart as Anne, and Miss Hudspeth as Biddy. Dream Faces. A play in one act, by W'YNN Miller, first performed at Ramsgate on October 18, 1888 ; produced at Terry's Theatre, London, on November 1, 1888, and revived at the Garrick Theatre on February 22, 1890 ; first performed in America at Palmer's Theatre, New York, in April 1891. Dream Flower (The). A pantomimic fantasy in one act, by Aimee Lowther, performed at the Comedy Theatre, London' June 30, 1898. Dream in "Venice (A). An entertain- ment in two acts, by T. W. Robertson, first performed at St. George's Hall, London, i in March, 1867, by John Parry, T. German. Reed, Miss S. Galton, and Mrs. German Reed. Dream of Fate (The); or, Sarah i the Jewess. A drama in two act-;, by . C. Z. Barnett, first performed at Sadler's i Wells, August 20, 1838, with Cathcart as- ; David Stolberg (a rich Jew of Frankfort),, j Mrs. R. Honner as Sarah (his daughter), ■• and other parts by Miss Pincott, Conquest,, i J. Webster, R. Honner, etc. .' Dream of Life (A). A play by Walter I Watts, produced at the Marylebone The- ' atre in March, 1849. Dream of Love (A). A comedy in two ; acts, by John Oxenford {q.v.), first per- ! formed at the Op^ra Coraique Theatre,. ' London, on October 21, 1S72. * Dream of the Future (A). A comedy • in three acts, by Charles Dance {qv.), first \ performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, . on November 6, 1837, with a cast including \ J. Vining, C. J. Mathews, F. Matthews, ' J. Brougham, Mdme. Vestris, etc. The 1 " dream " occupies the second act. ' Dream of "Whitaker's Almanack ■ (A). An "up-to-date review," produced at the Crystal Pala&p on June 5, 1899, with a ! cast including Miss Violet Cameron, Miss ; Louie Pounds, Miss L. Linden, L. Rignold, . A. Helmore, A. Collard, etc. :' Dream Spectre (The); or. The! Leg-end of the Sleeper's Shrift. A: romantic drama in three acts, by T. Eger- ton Wilks, first performed at the Victoria. Theatre, London, July 24, 1843. Dreamer Awake (The); or, The Pugilist Matched. A farce by Etre,< performed at Covent Garden in May, 1791, ' with Munden as Sir David Droivsy, Bernard as Boh Sparwell (a pugilist), Macready as-; Orrnand, etc. . Dreams. A comedy in five acts, byt T. W. Robertson {q.v.), founded on a short, story contributed by Robertson to a col- lection of tales called 'A Bunch of Keys,',, and first performed at Liverpool in Feb- ruary, 1869, as ' My Lady Clara,' with D. Bandmann as Rudolph, Mrs. Bandmann as Lady Clara Vere de Vere, Miss R. Sanger as Lina, E. Saker as John Hobbs, J. Chester as the Duke of Loamshire, and A. Glover as the Earl of Mount Forrest Court ; produced, as ' Dreams ' at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on March 27, 1869, with Miss M. Robertson' (Mrs. Kendal) as Lady Clara, Mrs. Leigh as Frau Har/thal, Miss R. Sanger as Lina, ih rl ( DREAMS OF DELUSION 425 DREW A. Wigan as Rudolph, J. Clayton as the Earl, J. Maclean as the Duke, R. Soutar as Hobbs; revived in the autumn, with Sam Emery and Henry Neville as the old and young German respectively ; performed at Boston, U.S.A., in March, 1869, as 'My Lady Clara ; ' first produced in New York (by A. Daly) at the Fifth Avenue Theatre on September 6, 1869, with E. L. Davenport as Vo7i Har/thal, George Clarke as Rudolf, James Lewis as John Hobbp:, Holland and Davidge as the pensioners, Mrs. Clara Jen- nings as Lady Clara, Miss Agnes Ethel as Lena, and Mrs. Gilbert as Frau Von Harf- thal. " The play passed through the hands of Mr. Boucicault before it was produced by Mr. Daly." "Its story is the very, very old one of the slighted love of a poor young man for a rich young woman." (2) A play by M. Fuller, performed in U.S.A. in 1889. Dreams of Delusion. A play in one act, by Palgrave Simpson (q.v.), in which 'G. V. Brooke played Sir Bernard Harleigh. Dreary, Wat. A highwayman in Gay's ' Beggar's Opera.' Dred. (1) A drama by John Coleman land F. Phillips, performed at the Surrey jTheatre, London, in October, 18ri6. (2) A idrama by Walter Banks, 3»rince of Wales's Theatre, Wolverhampton, November 19, 1872. Dresden China. A fantasy in one act, by ALICE CiiAPiN and E. IL C. Oliphant, Vaudeville Theatre, London, July 21, 1892. Dressalinda. Sister of Beautu in Planciie's 'Beauty and the Beast' {q.v.). Dress Coat (The). A farce by F. W. GrREEN, first performed at the Strand The- itre, London, June 29, 1876. Drew, Georg-iana. Actress ; daughter if Mrs. John Drew (^.r.) ; wife of Maurice Sarrymore {q.v.) ; died 1S93 ; made lier first ippearance at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in 1876 as Clara in ' Money ' q.v.). At the same house in the same year ilie was the oi-iginal Mrs. Gresham in ' Life,' ind the first representative in America of \Selen in 'Weak Woman.' besides figuring - and performed in New York in April. Is I DUKKEHJEM DUMB SAVOYARD Tith Miss Julia Dean as Gahrielle, de Belle- fsle. (2) A play by A. R. Slous, adapted irom the same original, and first performed .t Princess's Theatre, London, on June 4, 851, with Mrs. C. Kean as Mdlle. de Belle- sle, C. Kean as Leon St. 3Iars, Alfred Wigan s the Due de Richelieu, and Mrs. Winstanley s the Marquise de Prie. Dukkehjem, El. See Nora. Dulcamara: or, The Little Duck nd the Great Q,uack. A burlesque on L'Elisir d'Amore,' written by W. S. GiL- ERT iq.v.), and first performed at the St. ames's Theatre, London, on December 29, ^66, with Miss Carlotta Addison as Adina 'the little duck"), Miss Vj. M'Donnell as emorino, J. D. Stoyle as Bepjio, F. Charles ,! Belcore, Gaston Murray as Tomaso, Miss . Bufton as Gianetta, and Frank Matthews [■Dr. Dulcamara. "The piece," says the jithor, was "written in ten days and re- liarsed in a week." Dulceda. Daughter of Cantato in Jayes' Ojiera' (q.v.). Dulcet, David, in Peake's ' Amateurs d Actors' (q.v.), is a "musical dramatic lateur," " attached to theatricals and iss Mary Ilardacre." iDulcie. The heroine of Rose's ' Vice !;rsa' iq.v.). lOulcimel, in J. >Lu?ston's ' Parasitaster' v.), is daughter of the Duke of Urbino. Dulcimer, Dick, in E. L. Blanchakd's dam Butt' {q.v.). Dull. A constable in 'Love's Labour's .iV iq.v.). Dulverydotty. A farce in one act, by :s. Adams Acton, Terry's Theatre, Lon- ;le. 'umas, Alexandre [the Younger]. is Ami de Femmes ; Dame aux Came- ls ; Demi-Monde ; Dl\ne de Lys ; H angere, L' ; Fils Naturel ; Monsieur A honse ; Pere Prodigue ; Princesse ti irges. umaur'alized Trilby (A). See umb Belle (The). A comedietta by KjLE Bernard (q.v.), first performed at tnOlyinpic Theatre, London, in 1831, with »J|iie. \estris in the title part (Bliza ai?n«on), and other roles bv J. Vining, '**|Vinmg, Brougham, and Miss Pincott ; revived at the Lyceum Theatre, London, in October, 1874, with a cast including H. B. Conway, J. D. Beveridge, Miss St. Ange, etc. ; first performed in New York in De- cember, 1834. Dumb Brig-and (The). A play pro- duced at the Strand Theatre, London, on March 15, 1832, with Madame Celeste in the title character (.4 //j). She was seen in this role in New York in January, 1835. Dumb Cake (The); or, The Re- g-ions of Fancy. A pantomime per- formed at Covent Garden in December, 1787. Dumb Conscript (The) ; or, A Brother's Love and a Sister's Hon- our. A drama in two acts, by H. P. Grattan (q.v.), first performed at Astley's Theatre, London, in 1835, with Ducrow in the title part (Kugene) and Mrs. Pope as Eugene's sister Gahrielle. Dumb Girl of Genoa (The). A melodrama in three acts, by Farrell, first performed at the Coburg Theatre, London ; played at the Lafayette Theatre, New York, in July, 1826 ; printed as ' The Maid of Genoa.' Dumb Guide of the Tyrol (The). A romantic drama in two acts, by T. G Blake, first performed at the Adelphi The- atre, London, October 9, 1837, with Ducrow in the title part (Fritz), and other roles by " O." Smith, U. Beverley, Mrs. Yates, etc. Dumb Knig-ht (The). A play bv Lewis Machin, "acted .sundry times by the cliildren of the Revels," and printed in ItJOS. The scene lies in Cyprus, and tlie incidents are taken from Bandello. The duml) knight is Philocles, who, for love of Mariana, promises to keep silence for a twelvemonth. Dumb Lady (The) ; or, The Farrier made Physician. A farce in five acts, by John Lacy', founded on Molit;re's ' Medecin Malgre Lui,' acted at the Theatre Royal, and printed in 1672. " Lacy no doubt acted Drench, the farrier" (Genest). Dumb Man of Manchester (The). A melodrama in two acts, translated by B. F. Rayner from the French, and first per- formed at Astley's Amphitheatre, London (under the title of ' The Factory Assassin'), on September 28. 1837, with Ducrow in the title part, and IL Widdicomb as Crispin Welter (a bootmaker) ; produced in New- York in November, 1838. Dumb Savoyard (The) and his Monkey. A melodrama in one act, by B. Thompson, first performed at Drurv Lane in April, 1828, with JNIrs. Barrymore and Master Wielaud in the title characters (Pipino and Marmazette), and other parts by Mrs. W. West, ]Mrs. C. Jones, Younge, etc. ; performed in New York in November. 1828, with Mrs. Hilson as Pipino (a part afterwards played by Mrs. Barnes and Mdme. Celeste). DUMBIEDIKES DUNDREARY Dumbiedikes, The Laird of, figures in BorciCAULT's ' Trial of Effie Deans,' in shepherd's ' Effie Deans,' in ' The Scotch Sisters,' and otlier dramatic versions of ' The Heart of Midlothian' (q.v.). " Dumb -shows, Inexplicable." This phrase, used by Hamlet in act iii. sc. 2, has reference to the pantomimic action in -which certain old-time dramas were introduced. "Before each act of the play to be performed, the dramatis personce came forward, and by means of eloquent gestures, postures, and glances, typified the transactions in which they were about to engage" (Dutton Cook). See Buckhurst's ' Gorboduc,' in which " dumb-shows " were freely used. A "dumb-show," in the text of 'Hamlet' (act iii. sc. 2), precedes the performance of ' The Murder of Gonzago ; ' this, apparently, was intended to be "in- explicable," because, after it is over, Ophelia says to Hamlet, "What means this, my lord ? " " Belike," she innocently continues, "this show imports the argument of the play." Herein Shakespeare may be satirizing the " dumb-show" as a dramatic institution of his time. See Cook's 'On the Stage' (1SS3). Dtunnorix. Chief of the Trinobantians in Glover's ' Boadicea ' (q.v.). Dumont. A character in Eowe's ' Jane Shore ' (q.v.).— Blanche Dumont is the heroine of Marston'S 'Hero of Romance' (q.v.). Dumpling:. (1) There is a Major Dumpling in JONES's ' Green Man.' (2) 2[aster Ji'seph Dumpling is the "fat boy" in MONCRlEFF's ' Sam Weller ' (q.v.). Dumps. A character in Cumberland's ' Natural Son ' (q.v-). Dumps, Dolly. See Bachelor's Buttons. Dunbar, Henry. See Henry Dunbar. Duncan. King of Scotland in 'Mac- beth' (q.v.). Hazlitt says that "the dra- matic beauty of the character of Duncan, which excites the respect and pity even of his murderers, has been often pointed out. It forms a picture of itself." Duncan, Emily. Actress, died July, 1SS9 ; was in the original casts of ' Bibb and Tucker' (Gaiety, London, 1S73), 'The Great Divorce Case' (Criterion, 1S76), 'Res- cued' (Adelphi, 1S79), 'Olivette' (Strand, ISSO), etc. Duncan, Maria [Mrs. Davison]. Ac- tress and vocalist ; born 17S3 ; had played at Dublin (1796), York, Edinburgh, Glas- gow, and Liverpool, before, in October, 1804, she made her London debut at Drury Lane as Lady Teazle. In the course of the season that followed she was seen at the same theatre as Iiosali7id, Lady Townley, Kate Hardcastle, Sylvia ('The Recruiting Officer '), Miranda ('The Busybody '), Letitia Hardy, Charlotte (' The West Indian'), Cla- rinda (♦ The Suspicious Husband '), Lydia Languish, Mrs. Sullen, Mrs. Oakley, and Juliana in ' The Honeymoon' (of which she was the first representative). She married in 1S12, and became mother of J. "\y. Davison, the musical critic. "She was the successful rival," says Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography,' " of Mrs". Jordan in Xell in ' Tht Devil to Pay,' and Peggy ('Country Girl' and Priscilla ('The Romp'). . . . As s general actress," vrrote the same authoritj (1S26), "she is decidedly the first of the present day." Leigh Hunt, in his " critica essay " on Mrs. Jordan, refers to Miss Dun can's successes in " breeches' parts," sucl as Captain Macheath ; she "wears thi breeches," he says, "much better thaj becomes her." William Robson says : " Sh' was not the tragic muse, she was not th comic muse, but she was worthy to be th chosen handmaid of either, or both. Witl a full, handsome person, and a rich, good and sweet voice, she had just talent enoug to make loveable women very loveable u deed. Her attention was principally directe to comedy, but, like all good comedian.- she was quite capable, when required, t' draw a tear" ('The Old Playgoer,' 1846. " The charm of her acting," .says Mrs. Xev ton Crosland, "was its naturalness. H(. enunciation was distinct, and the dialogv, from her lips received the easy flow of coii versation" ('Landmarks of a Literary Lift 1S93). ; Dunce, Sir Davy and Lady, a-i characters in Otway's 'Soldier's Fortun' (q.v.). ■ Duncombe, William. Dramat writer, died 1769 ; author of ' Athalialj (1722) and ' Lucius Junius Brutus ' (1735). ( Dundee [Scotland]. For the theatrici historv of this town, see 'The Dund; Stage,' by F. Boyd. Dunder, Sir David and Lady, a character's in Colman's ' Ways and Mear iq.v.). They have two daughters— fi^ar/- and Kitty. — Van Dunder is a character ' The Dutch Governor' {q.v.). ' Dunderman, Van, in O'Keef 'Blacksmith of Antwerp' (q.v.), is the ri- of Quintin Matsys. Dundreary, Lord, figured first in T Taylor's 'Our American Cousin' (q.y The part was originally a very small o, but Sothern, its first exponent, v- allowed carte blanche in regard to it, a. gradually expanded it until it became, wl seen in London, the mainstay of the pi; Henry Morley wTote of Sothern's perfoi ance '(in November, 1S61) that it was .. sketch new to our stage, given by an ac" hitherto unknown in London, Mr. Sothe. with an eccentric and whimsical elaborat.i that is irresistibly amusing. The st> jokes and the extravagant suggestioii'^^ emptiness would be intoleraldy stupid i the hands of almost any actor. But .. i Sothern has overlaid it aU with innvmiera ) DUNELM 437 BURET ludicrous touches of manner and byplay, and is so imperturbably extravagant, that shouts of laughter fulluw almost every look and gesture. He contrives, in the midst of all the extravagance, to maintain for his inane lord the air of a well-bred good- natured gentleman." Lord Dundreary re- appeared in ' Sam's Arrival' {q.v.), by John Oxen FORD (1862), and in ' Lord Dundreary Married and Done For' {q.v.), by H. J. Byron (1864). See the article by John Oxenford in the Theatre magazine for Octo- ber, 1878; also, Maidkn and Mizen. (2) Lord Dundrearij, in IJROUGH and Hali.i- day'S ' Colleen Bawn Settled at Last ' {q. v.), is represented as an ancestor of the peer made popular by Sothern. Dunelm. A character in Dr. J. Browne's ' Athelstan' {q.v.). Dunlap, "William. Dramatic writer and theatrical manager ; born New Jersey, 1766; died New York, 1839 ; began life as a student of painting. He made his dibut as ;i playwright in September, 1883, when his pomedy, 'The Father ; or, American Shandy- 'ism,' was performed in New York. After [this came 'Darby's Ileturn,' followed by ' Leicester.' a tragedy (1794), ' Fontaineviile Abbey,' a tragedy (1795), ' The Archers ' 1 1796), 'Tell Truth and Shame tlie Devil' 11797), 'Andre' (1798), 'Abaellino' (1802), 'The V^oice of Nature ' (1803), 'The Italian iFather' (1810), ' The Wife of Two Husbands ' ;1811), 'Peter the Cireat' (1814), 'The Glory \A Columbia her Yeomanry ' (1817), ' Bona- mrte in England,' and many other plays, including adaptations from the German, iiuch as ' The Blind Boy,' ' Fraternal Dis- cord,' ' Lovers' Vows,' 'The Stranger,' 'The •Vildgoose Chase,' etc. From 1798 to 1805 le was director of the Park Theatre, New fork, of which in 1810-11 he was assistant nanager. In 1812 he resumed the profes- ion of painter. He Avas the author of a I Memoir of George Frederick Cooke ' (1813) 'nd of a ' History of the American Stage ' !1832). Dunn, John. Actor ; imitated T. D. lice and became known as "The English im Crow." J. A. Cave describes him as 'a very popular comedian at the minor heatres, especially Sadler's Wells " (' Jubilee f Dramatic Life and Incident'). His first ppearance in America was made at Niblo's iarden, New York, in October, 1844, as ling Bigaroon in ' Fair Star. ' ' ' ^Mr. Dunn," 'rites J. N. Ireland, " was a good low omedian in country boys and certain grades f eccentricities." Dunscombe, Cecilia and Chud- Bigh. Characters in T. W. Robertson's M.P.' {q.v.). Dunstall, Joh.n. Actor ; appeared at loodman's Fields between 1740 and 1742, ad at Covent Garden between 1744 and 777. He was the original representative of anis in ' The Good-iiatured Man 'and of >avid in 'The Rivals.' Among his other arts were Falstarf {' ^lerry Wives'), Sir Toby Belch, and Caliban; and his Brain- worm, Lockit, Sir Jealous Traffic, Sir Sampson Legend, Pan ('Midas'), etc., were praised by his critics. Dunster, Charles, published a trans- lation of ' The Frogs ' of Aristophanes (1785). Dupe (The). A comedy by Mrs. Frances Sheridan, acted at Drury Lane three times in December, 1763, with Yates in the title part {Sir John Woodall), Mrs. Pritchard as the woman by whom he is duped {Mrs. Etherdown), King as Sharply (her accomplice), Mrs. Lee as ^Boxe (in lovb with Sharply), Mrs. Palmer as Emily {Sir John's niece), Packer as Wallford{\\ev lover), Havard as Friendly, and Kitty Clive as Mrs. Friendly. Dupe, Lord. " An ignorant pretender," in FooTE's 'Taste' {q.v.). (2) Sir Simon Dupe, in Miller's ' Art and Nature ' {q.v.), is father of Flaminia. Dupely, Sir Charles. A character in BURGOYNE'S ' Maid of the Oaks' {q.v.). Dupes of Fancy (The) ; or. Every Man his Hobby. A farce in two acts, by GEORGE Savile Carey, first performed at the Haymarket in May, 1792. Duplicity. (1) A comedy in five acts, by TiiOMAS HOLCROFT {q.v.), first performed at Covent Garden on OctoV>er 13, 1781, with Henderson, Lewis, Lee Lewos, Edwin, We- witzer. Miss Younge, and Mrs. Inchbald in the chief parts ; reduced to three acts, and revived at the same theatre, in May, 1796, as 'The Mask'd Friend.' The friend in question is Osborne, who, with the aid of some sharpers, cures Sir Harry Portland of his passion for gaming. (2) A drama in three acts, by R. Clift, Eclectic The- atre, Soho, London, December 14, 1871. (3) A comedy in two acts, by Mrs. Saker, first performed at Birkenhead, May 28, 1883. Dupre. Servant to, and accomplice of, Darlemont in Holcroft's 'Deaf and Dumb ' {q.v.). Duprez and Son, Bankers and Brokers. A play produced at the Union Square Theatre, New York, in 1884. It is identical with the drama called ' Struck Blind.' See Aveugle, L'. Durable, Miss Laurelia. An old maid in Kenney's ' Raising the Wind' {q.v.). Durand et Durand. See Two John- nies, The. Durant, Baines. A cynical man of the world in Pinero'S ' Imprudence ' {q.v.). Durazzo. The "Guardian" in Mas- SiNGER's play so named {q.v.). Duret, Marie. Actress, died San Francisco, April, 1S81 ; made her first ap- pearance in America in March, 18-.0, at the "Walnut Street Thtatre, Philadelphia, as DURETETE DYAS Julia in ' The Hunchback.' See Brooke, G. V. Duretete, Captain, in Farquhar's 'Inconstant' {q.v.) is "an honest, good- natured fellow that thinks himself a greater fool than he is." Durimel. A character in Charles Kemble's ' The Point of Honour ' {q-v.). During- Her Majesty's Pleasure. A drama in three acts, by George Con- quest and Henry Pettitx, first performed at the Grecian Theatre, London, on May 21, 1877. Duruset, Jolin. Actor and vocalist, born 1791, died 18-12. Dust. A farcical comedy in tliree acts, adapted bv Sydney Grundy {q.v.)ivom ' Le Point de Mire' of Labiche and Delacour, and first performed at the Royalty Theatre, London, on November 12, 1881, with a cast including F. A. Everill, G. W. Anson, J. G. Taylor, F.Rodney, R.Mansfield, C. Glenney, Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Harriett Cove- ney. Miss Nellie Younge, and Miss Lottie Venne. Dutch Courtezan (The). A comedy by John Marston, " played at Black Fryars by the children of the Revels," and printed in 1605. Dutch Governor (The); or,'Twould Puzzle a Conj urer. A drama, produced in U.S.A. with W. E. Burton in the leading character. Dutch Lover (The). A comedy by Mrs. Behn, acted at the Duke's Theatre, and printed, in 1673. The plot is founded on that of a Spanish novel. Dutchman (The). A musical piece in two acts, written by THOMAS BRIDGES, and performed at the Haymarket in August, 1775. Dutiful Deception (The). A comedy in one act, performed at Covent Garden in 1778. Dutiful, Deuteronomy. A character in ' The Vermont Wool-Dealer.' Dutton, Thomas. Author of ' Pizarro in Peru,' a play (1799). See Dramatic Censor. Duty. A play in four acts, adapted by James Albery from Angler's ' Les Bour- geois de Pont Arcy' (g.r.), and first per- formed at the Prince of "Wales's Theatre, London, on September 27, 1879, with H. B. Conway as Sir Geoffrey Leane, Arthur Cecil, Forbes Robertson, H. Kemble, Miss Linda Dietz as Marcelle, Mrs. Herman Vezin, 3Irs. John Wood, Miss Augusta Wilton, and Miss Marion Terry as Mabel ; revived at Terry's Theatre, London, on the afternoon of Novem- ber 30, 1887. Duty, the Mariner's Compass. A play by Henry Leslie {q.v.), produced at the* Bowery Theatre, New York, in 1870. Duval. (1) Armand Duval is the hero of various adaptations from ' La Dame aux Cam(51ias' (q.v.). (2) Catherine Duval, i; Watts Phillips's ' Dead Heart ' (q-v.)' becomes the Countess. (3) Marianne Duva\ is the heroine of L. PHILLIPS'S ' Marianm'' the Vivandiere ' {q.v.). Duval, Claude. See Claude Duval. Dux Redux ; or, A Forest Tangle A poetical play in three acts, by Jame:' Rhoades, first performed at the Novelt;! Theatre, London, January 18, 1887. "; Dwarf of Naples (The). A tragi comedy in five acts, by George Soanij {qv.), first performed at Drury Lane ii! March, 1819, with Edmund Kean in the titl' part (Malvesi), and other rdles by H. Kemble Harley, Oxberry, Bengough, !Mrs. W. West! Mrs. Mardyn, Mrs. Orger, etc. " The Dwarj is described as half mad with envy— ai; having the heart of a lion and the cunnini; of a fox— as wise, learned, valiant, an(i everything but good " (Genest). ' Dwyer. Actor; after experience on th; Norwich and York circuits, made his Lon: don debut at Drury Lane in 1802 as Belcou' in 'The West Indian.' Dwyer, Michael. Actor and vocalist! made his professional debut at the Oper» Comique, London, in June, 1878. He wa| the original representative of Buckinr/hau in Farnie and Planquette's ' Nell GwynneJ (Avenue Theatre, 1884), and of Viiicen* Knapi's in ' La Cigale ' (Lyric Theatre, lS90^j Dwyer, P. W. Author of ' The Soldiet of Fortune,' a comedy. | Dyas, Ada. Actress ; daughter cj Edward and Ann Dyas {q.v.) ; made her LoEj don d^.hut at Sadler's Wells in 1861 as Princ\ John of Lancaster in 'Henry IV.' In 186j she was the original Phoebe \n Roberts's vei' sion of ' Lady Audley's Secret ' {q.v.), and ii 1866 was seen as Clara in the first Londo production of 'Hunted Down' {q.v.). Sh was the first representative in the Englis provinces of Esther Eccles in 'Caste' {q.v) and afterwards was specially chosen b; Wilkie Collins for the dual role of Anne an Laura in 'The Woman in White' (1870;' At the Court Theatre in 1872 she was thi original Beatrice in Merivale's 'A Son c the Soil' {q.v.), and also played AlcmenaK. Oxenford's adaptation of Dryden's ' Amphi tryon' (g.i'.). Late in 1872 she was engage by Augustin Daly to appear at the Fift Avenue Theatre, New York, where she mad her American debut as Anne Sylvester i 'Man and Wife' {q.v.). Thence she. wee as "leading lady" to Wallack's, where sh remained for three seasons (1874-76), figurin as Kate Hardcastle, Lady Teazle, Lady Ga Spanker, Clara Ffolliott in 'The Shaugl raun,' etc. She next "starred" with h( own company as Esther Eccles, afterward returning to Wallack's, and then appearin at the Madison Square Theatre as Mrs. Die in 'Young Mrs. Winthrop' {q.v.). Latt came appearances throughout tt,e States £ Mrs. Ralston in 'Jim tlie Penman'^ {q.v and Mrs. Seabrooke in ' Captain Swift ' {q-v I DYAS 439 EARL OF ESSEX In 1892 she played Goneril in the production of ' King Leai' ' at the Lyceum, London, Dyas, Edward. Actor, born 1815, died 1877 ; made his first metropolitan ap- pearance at the City of London Theatre in • October, 1860, as Simon Scrubby in 'The Thieves' Secret.' He was the first repre- .sentative of Colonel Croker in 'The Winning Hazard' (1865), of Sir Jericho Maximum in •How she Loves Him' (1S67), of Dr. Prit- chard in ' Tweedie's Rights ' (1871), and of Tupman in Albery's ' Pickwick ' (1871). He was also seen as Villiers in ' The Belle's Stratagem' at the St. James's, London, in 1866.— His wife, ANN Ada Dyas (born 1823, died 1871), made her first appearance in London at the City of London Theatre in ,September, 1860, as Gemea in ' The Fortune Teller.' See Dyas, Ada. . Dyce, Rev. Alexander. Editor and critic, born 1798, died 186!) ; undertook clerical duty from 1822 to 1825, but after the latter year devoted himself to literary pursuits. He published editions of the works of English dramatic authors in the following order :— George Peele, 1828 and 1839, revised in 1858 ; John Webster, 1830, ,-evised in 1857 ; Robert Greene, 1831, re- vised in 1858 ; Thomas Middleton, 1840 ; 'Beaumont and Fletcher, 1843-46 ; Chris- topher Marlowe, 1850, revised in 1861 ; ;?hake3peare, 1857, revised in 1864-67 ; and Tohn Ford, 1869. In 1830 he edited the ,ext of 'Demetrius and Euanthe' ('The Tumorous Lieutenant '). Tliree years later, le completed Gifford's edition of Jaraed ihirley, adding a memoir. To tlie Aldine eries he contributed an edition of Shake- peare's poems. He edited, also, Kempe's ' Nine Days' Wonder,' Porter's ' Two Angry Women of Abingdon,' and the two old plays of ' Timon ' and ' Sir Thomas More,' all of which see. His other publication.s include ' Remarks on Collier's and on Knight's Editions of Shakespeare' (1844), ' A Few Notes on Shakespeare ' (1853), and ' Strictures on Collier's Edition of Shake- speare ' (1859). Dyer, Robert. Author of 'Nine Years of an Actor's Life ' (1833). Dying- for Love. A comedietta in one act, by J. Maddison Morton (q.v.), per- formed in New York in October, 1858. Dykwynkyn. The no7n de guerre of Richard Wynne Keene (q.v.), theatrical designer. Dymas. The King's favourite in Young's ' Brothers ' (q.v.). Dyott, John. Actor ; well known and popular on the York circuit ; made his American debut in September, 1844, at the Park Theatre, New York, as Jago. — His wife is described by J. N. Ireland as " a very useful and valuable actress in various grades of countesses, chambermaids, spin- sters, and country girls, and rarely equalled in several parts, especially a line of French soubrettes." Among her best parts were Jiosa Dartle, Mrs. Mantalini, and Tilly Slow- hoy. She retired in 1853. Dysart, Florence. Actress and voca- list ; was the original Lydia Hmvthorne in Cellier's 'Dorothy' (1886); she also played (in London) Sybil in 'Dandy Dick Turpin' (1889), the Queen of France in ' Joan of Arc' (1891), etc. Each for Himself. A musical farce, reduced at Drury Lane Theatre in 1816. Eag-le Eye. A drama of Indian life, erformed in America. Eag-le Joe. A drama in four acts, by [ENRY Herman, Princess's Theatre, Lon- ■on, December 'IQ, 1892. Eagleclyffe, The Earl of. A cha- pter in T. W. Robertson's ' Birth ' {q.v.). Earl (The). A tragedy in verse and five :ts, founded by Edgar Fawcett (q.v.) on s own poem, 'Alan Eliot,' and first per- rmed at Boston, U.S.A., in April, 1837. Earl G-ood-win and his Three Sons. play by Robert Wilson, M. Drayton, . Chettle, and T. Dekker, performed 1598. "A second part, ascribed wholly Drayton, was acted the same year by the n-d Admiral's servants." (2) ' Earl Good- in:' an historical tragedy by ANN YeaRS- :y, performed at Bath in 1789. Earl of Brecon (The). A tragedy in verse, in five acts, by Robert Landor (q.v.), printed in 1841, and described by iSwinburne as " noble and pathetic" — " the motive or mainsi^ring of the action at once so new, so true, and so touching." Earl of Essex (The). The title of two plays based on the story of Elizabeth's "unhappy favourite : "—(1) A tragedy by Henry Jones, first performed at Co vent Garden on February 21, 1753, with Barry as Ji'ssex, Mrs. Bland as Queen Elizabeth, Sparks as Lord Burleigh, Smith as Southamptony Mrs. Cibber as the Coimtess of Rutland, and Jlrs. Vincent as iheCountess of Nottingham. This piece was revived at Drury Lane in 1755 and 1773, and at Covent Garden in 1774, 1782, 1790, 1812, and 1822. Genest points out that Jones should not have made Burleigh one of the personce, for he was not alive at the date given to the action of the play. Mdme. Janauschek acted in America in 1868 in W. Laube's ' Graf von Essex,' EARL OF POVERTY 440 EASTER EGG ■which seems to have been suggested by Henry Jones's play. (2) A tragedy by Henry Brooke (q.v.), performed at Dublin in 1743-49 ; produced at Drury Lane on January 3, 1761, ^yith T. Sheridan as Essex, Mrs- Pritchard as Queen Elizabeth, Da\i3 as Robert Cecil, Holland as Southampton, Miss Mo-watt as the Countess of Paitland, and Mrs. Kennedy as the Countess of Notting- ham. In this play occurs the passage— "Monarchs, To rule o'er freemen, should theniselvei he free." •which Dr. Johnson parodied in the well- known line— " Who drives fat oxen should himself be f.it." " Jones's ' Earl of Essex,' " wrote Genest in 1832, "keeps possession of the stage; but Brooke is vastly superior in point of lan- guage, and finishes the play much better than Jones does." See Unhappy Fa- vourite, The. Earl of Poverty (Tlie); or, Tlie Old "Wooden House of London "Wall. A local drama in two acts, by George Almar, performed at the Surrey Theatre in February, 1S3S, with E. F. Saville in the title 7-6le (Lord Glenjillan), and other parts by Cobham, Dibdin Pitt, Mrs. R. Honner, etc. Earl of Warwick (The). (1) A tragedy by Francis Tolson, produced at Drury Lane in June, 1719, with Mills in the title part. (2) A tragedy translated by Dr. Thomas Franklin, from a play on the same subject and with the same title by De la Harpe, and acted at Drury Lane in December, 1766, with Holland as the hero, Powell as King Edward, and Mrs. Yates as Margaret of Anjou. It was played in three acts at Covent" Garden in 1796, with Mac- ready as Edward and Mrs. Pope as Margaret. (3) A tragedy by Paul Hiffernan, also translated from be la Harpe, and printed in 1764. Earl of "Westmorland (The). See Betrayer of his Country, The. Earl's Daugrhter (The). A comedy- drama in two acts, by E. Haslingden Russell, Theatre Royal, Croydon, July 21, 1S96.— 'The Earl's Housekeeper:' a drama by W. Seaman, Britannia Theatre, London, April 22, 1S72.— ' The Pearl's Revenge : ' a tragedy by John Wilson Ross (died"lSS7), founded on the story of Lady Jane Grey. Earls of Eammer smith (The). A play produced at the Olympic Theatre, Lon- don, in 1S13. Earlybird, Edmund. A character in HOLLiNGSHEAD's ' Birthplace of Pcdgers ' iq.v-X Earlypurl. The king in Bellingham's 'Blue-Beard Re-Paired ' (q.v.). Earnest Appeal (An). A farce by Frederick Hay, first performed at the Sti-and Theatre, London, on May 6, 1S75, with H. St. :Maur as Mr. Brusselsprout, Miss L. Venne as Susan Gingkam, etc. Earthquake of Martinique (TheX A play adapted from D'Eiiuery's ' Tremble- ment de Terre de la Martinique,' and per- formed in London in 1840. Earwig-, Jacob. The "boots at the Swan" in Selby's farce so named {q.v.). East Indian (The). (1) A 'comedy in five acts, acted at the Haymarket in 1782, : with Bannister, jun., in the title part, and other rOles by Palmer, Bensley, Mrs. Inch- bald, and Mrs. Bulkeley. (2) A comedy translated by A. Thompson from the Ger- man, and printed in 1799. (3) A comedy in five acts, written by M. G. Lewis at the age of sixteen, and first performed at Drury, Lane in April, 1799, with J. P. Kemble in the title -pmi (Rivers), C. l^em\Ae ?iS Beauchamp,, Mrs. Jordan as Zorayda (daughter of Rivers),. R. Palmer as Lord Listless, Barrymore as Modish, Miss Pope as Miss Chatter'all, etc. , East Lynne. A novel by Mrs. Henry Wood (1S61), of which dramatic versions' have been made by John Oxenford, J. C. Chute, T. A. Palmer, etc. Adaptationswere, performed at the Holborn Theatre, London, January, 1S73, with Mrs. H. Vezin as the heroine [see Lady Isabel] ; at the Standard Theatre, London, in 1878, with Miss J) Drummond as Lady Isabel ; at the Olympic; Theatre in 1879, with Miss Heath as Lady Isabel ; at the Standard in Febniary, 1870.; with INIiss Bella Pateman as Lady Isabel} at Astley's Amphitheatre in October. 1879,] with Miss Sarah Thorne as Lady Isabel,] Miss EmUy Thorne as Cornelia, and George! Thorne as Lau-yer Dill ; at the Olympic it] December, ISSS, with ^Miss Kate 'Read as; Lady Isabel; at the same theatre in April 1889, with Miss B.ose'MelloT £i.s Lady Isabel at the Royalty in October, 1891, with Mis- Frances Ivor as Lady Isabel, Miss G. Olifft as Joyce, W. L. Abingdon as Levison, Fidle;. MeUish as Archibald, and H. de Lange a: Lawyer Dill Miss Louisa Moodie playec Lady Isabel in the English provinces ii 1876-78. The more recent versions are b; Edmund Gurney ('The New East Lynne') Theatre Metropole, Birkenhead, June 6 lS9S(Miss Bessie Rignold as Lady Isabel)' bv LiLLA WiLDB, Theatre Royal, Cradle;' Heath, December 19, 1S9S ; and by Berber Shelley, Grand Theatre, Fulham, Lon don, February 20, 1899 (:Miss M. Elmore a. Lady Isabel). Yet another version wa' seen at the Elephant and Castle Theatre London, in 1901, with Miss Mary Allestre as Lady Isabel. Miss Ada Rehan has at, peared in America as Barbara Hare- Amon the burlesques founded on the story ma; be named ' East Lvnne,' performed at th Theatre Roval, Birmingham, in September 1869. and ' East Lvnne ; or, Isabel that wa a Belle,' produced at the Theatre Roya Coventrv, in November, 1884. See Littl; Billie Carlyle and Lost Lady of Lynni Easter Eg- gr (An). An operetta in on act, words and music bv Walter ^LiYNAR (Willert Beale), Terry's Theatre, Londoi December 7, 1893. i / EASTLAKE 441 ECCLES Eastlake, Mary. Actress ; appears fco have made her professional d6but at the Crystal Palace, December 14, 1876, as the first representative of Annie in Matthi- son's 'Enoch Arden' (?.v.). This was followed by an engagement at the Criterion Theatre, during which she was the first performer of Dorothy in ' Dorothy's Strata- gem' (1876), Mrs. Lovibond in 'On Bail' (1877), and Mr$. Greythorne in ' Pink Domi- nos' (1877). In 1878 she was the original Eaidde Burnside in 'The Crisis' (Hay- market). Returning in 1880 to the Criterion, she was the first representative of Madge in • Where's the Cat ?' and of Constance Leyton in 'Butterfly Fever' (1881). From July, 1881, to July, 1886, she was '^'leading lady " at the Princess's, playing the following original parts— i?ess in ' The Lights o' Lon- don' (1881), Gertie Heckett in 'The Romany Rye' (1882), Nellie Denver in 'The Silver King ' (1882), ^Itoida in ' Claudian ' (1883), Lucretia in ' Junius ' (1885), Nance Yeulett in 'Hoodman Blind' (1885), Esther Breame in 'The Lord Harry' (1S86), and Ilelle in 'Clito' (1886). At the Globe Theatre in 1887 she was Lilian in the orighial cast of 'The Golden Ladder' (1887). At the Prin- cess's in 1888 she "created" the part of Mona in ' Ben-my-Cbree,' and in 1889 that of Mary Langley in ' Good Old Times.' At the Olympic in 1891 she was the original Faith in ' A Yorkshire Lass.' Among other parts played by her in the course of her career may be named Ophelia (Princess's, 1884), Pauline Deschapcllcs (Glol)e, 1888), Maria in 'The School for Scandal' (Gaiety, 1877), Eva in ' Progress ' and Mrs. Mildmay in 'Still Waters' (Criterion, 1877), Arrah- na-Pogue (Oystal Palace, 1877), and Lilian in ' The Old Love and the New ' (Princess's, 1881). Eastward Hoe. (1) A comedy by George Chapman, Ben Jonson, and John Marsxon, acted by the children of her Majesty's Revels in the Black Friars, and printed in 1605. In this piece Touchstone, a city goldsmith, has two apprentices. Quick- silver and Golding, the one dissolute and the other sober. Touchstone's elder daughter, Girtred, marries Sir Petronel Flash, who persuades her to sell an estate bequeathed to her, with a view to his levanting with the proceeds. Circumstances, however, prevent his flight, and in the end he is forgiven. " It is said that, for writing this comedy, wherein the authors were accused of reflect- ing on the Scots, they were committed to prison, and were in danger of losing their ears and noses. They, however, received pardons." In 16S5 an adaptation by Nahum |Tate, entitled 'Cuckold's Haven' (g.v.), [Was produced at Dorset Garden. In 1751 the original play was performed one night (October 29) at Drury Lane, with Yates as \TQuchstone, Woodward as Quicksilver, INJat- itocks as Goldina, Palmer as Fla»h, and Kitty Clive as (Girtred. A second adapta- tion, by Mrs. LENNOX, was performed at Drury Lane in 1775, under the title of ' Old City Manners '(^^.f.). From ' Eastviard Hoe,' it is said, Hogarth took the idea of his set of prints called * Industry and Idlene.ss.' (2) A new version of the operatic bui-- lesque, 'The Black Cat' {q.v.), Avritten up to date by W^. Younge, and produced on December 24, 1894, at the Op^ra Comique, London. Easy. (1) Sir Credulous Easy figures in Mrs. Bern's ' Sir Patient Fancy' {q.v.). (2) Sir Charles and Lady Easy are characters in Gibber's ' Careless Husband ' {q.v.). " In Lady Easy," Doran writes, "we have, what was hitherto unknown, or laughed at, — a virtuous married woman." (3) Gilbert Easy is one of ihepersonce in Oxenford's 'Billing and Cooing ' {q.v.). Easy Mark (An). See My Wife's Step-Husband. Easy Shaving-. A farce by F. C. BuR- nand {q.v.) and Montague Williams (g. v.), produced at the Haymarket Theatre in June, 1S63. Easy Street. A play, with music by W. S. Mullaby, performed in U.S.A. Ebbsmith, The Notorious Mrs. See Notorious Mrs. Ebbsmith. Ebony Casket (The); or, Mabel's Two Birthdays. A drama in four acts, by T. AV. SPEiGfir, Gaiety Theatre, London, November 9, 1872. Ebsworth, Joseph. Dramatic writer, born 1788, died 1868 ; was the author or adapter of numerous plays, including ' Ade- laide' (from Pixerecourt), 'The Crusaders' {q.v.), 'Ourika' {q.v.), 'The Rival Valets' {q.v.), ' Rosalie ' {q.v.), ' Rouge et Noir ' {q.v.), ' Tarn o' Shanter ' {q.v.), ' The Tempter '{q.v.), and 'The Two Prisoners of Lyons' {q.v.). In early life Ebsworth had experience both as a vocalist and as an actor, being engaged in the latter capacity at Edinburgh circa 1S26. His wife, Mary Emma Ebsworth (born 1794, died 1881), was the author of ' Payable at Sight ' {q.v.), ' The Sculptor of Florence,' and other dramatic pieces. Ecarte. A comedy in four acts, by Lord Neavry, performed at the Globe Theatre, London, for the first and only time, on December 3, 1870, with Miss Ada Cavendish as 3[rs. Mason, and other parts by Miss Alleyne, R. Cathcart, Shafto Robertson, F. Kilpack, G. Temple, etc. Eccentric Lover (The). A comedy in five acts, by Richard Cumberland {q.v.}, performed at Covent Garden on April 30, 1798. Eccles. Father of Esther and Polly Eccles in ROBERTSON'S ' Caste' {q.v.). Eccles, Ambrose (died 1809), published editions, with notes and other memoranda, of 'Cymbeline' (1793), 'King Lear' (1793), and ' The Merchant of Venice' (1805). See ' Biographia Dramatica ' (1812). Eccles, John (died 1735), contributed musical numbers to many dramatic pieces circa 1681-1707. In 1696 he wrote music for ECHARD 442 EDGAR POE a revival of ' Macbeth.' For a list of other theatrical productions with which he was associated, see Grove's 'Dictionary of Music' (1879) and the 'Dictionary of National Biography.' Ecliard, Lawrence. Prebendary of Lincoln and Archdeacon of Stow, born 1671, died 1730 ; translated into English nine comedies by Plautus and Terence. Echo. (1) A character in Jonson's 'Cynthia's Revels' (q.v.). (2) A character in Kex-net's 'World' (qv.). "He adopts the opinion and imitates the manners of any person with whom he may happen to be acquainted." Echo. A comedy in three acts, by A. :M. Heathcote, Trafalgar Square Theatre, London, April 25, 1S93. Echoes of the Nig-ht. A drama in four acts, by H. P. Grattax and Joseph Eldred, first performed at Bradford in January, 1S84 ; produced at the Pavilion Tlieatre, London, on July 7 following. Eclipsing: the Son. A comic drama, adapted by W. W. Hartopp from the French. Ecole des Femmes (L'), See Agnes, Love i.\ a Wood, School for Guardians, and Sir Solomon. Ecole des Maris (L'). See Country Wife, Love in a Wood, Plain Dealer, and Mulberry Garden. Edda. A melodrama by Edward Fitz- 15ALL, performed at the Surrey Theatre. Eddystone Elf (The). A melodrama in two acts, by George Dibdin Pitt, first performed at Sadler's Wells in 1S33, with R. Honner in the title part. At the Surrey in the following year the cast included the author, T. P. Cooke, and Vale. Eden, Rev. Mr. The clergyman who befriends the boy Josephs in Reade'S 'It's Never too Late to Mend' {q.v.).— The Earl of Eden figures in Boucicault's ' For- mosa' iq.v.). Edendale. A drama in three acts, by C. S. Cheltnam iq.v.), first performed at the Charing Cross Theatre, London, .June 19, 1S69, with Miss Ernstone, Miss Kathleen Irwin, Miss Hughes, J. G. Shore, and C. P. Flockton in the^cast. Edgar. (1) Son of Gloucester in 'King Lear.' (2) Master of Ravenswood in all the adaptations of ' The Brido of Lammer- moor' di-v.), and all the English libretti of 'Lucia di Lammermoor' {q.v.). (3) The chief male character in Tennyson's ' Pro- mise of :May' {q.v-). Edg-ar; or, Caledonian Eeuds. A iragedv bv GEORGE Manners, adapted from Mrs. Ratcliffe's story, ' The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne,' and performed at Covent Garden in May, ISOO. Edg-ar ; or, The Eng-lish Monarch. A tragedy by T. Ryjier, written in heroic verse, and printed in 1678. The plot is from William of Malmesbury and other old Eng- lish historians, Edgar being the King of the West Saxons. See Athelwold, Edg.a.r and Alfreda, and Elfrida. Edg-ar and Alfreda. A tragi-comedy by E. Ravenscroft, acted at the Theatre Royal in 1677. " This play has some resem- blance to ' Edgar ; or, The English Monarch ' {q.v.), but the plot of it (says the ' Biographia Dramatica') is seemingly borrowed from a novel culled ' The Annals of Love.' " Edgar and Emmeline. A "fairv tale" by J. Hawksworth, produced at Drury Lane in January, 1761. In this piece the hero and heroine were supposed to ex- change sex, by command of the fairies, and by way of enabling them "to receive the impressions of love, unknown to themselves, through the conveyance of friendship." Edgar Atheling, in Cumberland's 'Battle of Hastings' (^.i'.), is in love with Edwina {q.v.). Edg-ar etsa Bonne. See My Mother's Maid. Edgar, Edward Fisher. Actor and manager, died September, 18s4 ; made his London debut in 1852 at the 01yn)pic Theatre as Andre in ' Lucille ' {q.v.). He was in the original casts of Fitzball's ' Nitocris ' (1855), ' True to the Core,' ' Nobody's Child,' ' The Rapparee,' ' Philomel,' Wills's ' Charles I.,' Wills's ' Eugene Aram,' ' England in the Days of Charles II.,' 'Family Honour.' Merivale's ' Lord of the Manor,' ' His Wife,' ' Storm Beaten,' Gilbert's ' Comedy and Tragedy ' (18S4). His other parts in London included Orlando (1854), Pompey in ' Antony and Cleopatra ' (1867), Cassio (1878), Aimwe'U in ' The Beaux' Stratagem ' (1879), Twitch in 'The Good-natured Man' (1881), etc. He was at different times lessee of the Maryle- bone Theatre and co-lessee of the Surrey. Edgar, Richard Horatio. Actor, born 1848, died 1^94 ; son of Robert Edgar {q.v.); after some provincial experience, appeared at Sadler's Wells, and toured in America, whence he returned to England to figure as low comedian and stage-manager at the Queen's, Manchester. For tM'o years he was in management at Rochdale ; after which he sent numerous companies on tour, himself appearing with them as Perky n Middlevjick in 'Our Boys,' Partridge in ' Sophia,' Mr. Poskett in ' The IMagistrate,' Goldfinch in ' A Pair of Spectacles,' etc. Edgar, Robert. Theatrical manager, died May, 1871 ; lessee succes.sively of the Standard and Sadler's Wells Theatres. See Marriott, Alice. Edgar Poe. A play by Henry Tyrrell, performed at the Empire Theatre, New- York, May 14, 1895.—' Edgar Allan Poe ; or. The Raven : ' a play by George C. Hazle- TON, jun., first performed at Albaugh's , Lyceum Theatre, Baltimore, Md., October 11, 1895. i EDGEWORTH EDINBURGH Edg-eworth, Ezekiel. A cutpurse in JONSON'S ' Bartholomew Fair' {q.v.). Edgring", Mrs. Woman to Lady Easy in Gibber's ' Careless Husband' {q.v.). Edinburg-h. The first reference in local records to dramatic matters in the capital of Scotland has for date the year 1554, when the municipal authorities ordered a certain payment to be made in connection with a play performed within their jurisdiction. The " playinc; place " appears to have been the Greenside, and was prepared at a cost of a hundred marks. The first play of which documentary mention is made in connection with Edinburgh is the ' Three Estates ' of Sir David Liiulsay (q. v.). The Greenside wasused, apparently, for theatrical purposes at least as late as 1588. In 1593 Edinburgh received a visit from a company of English actors, of whose personnel nothing is known. They were followed in 15'J9 by a troupe, also from England, of whom Shakespeare may have been one, seeing that the company was that of Lawrence Eletcher, with which tlie poet is known to have been associated. Fletcher and his colleagues, it would seem, acted first before the Court, and then received royal permission to perform in public, much to the displeasure of the local clergy. In 1603 King James removed his court to Whitehall, and from that date onwards, for many a year, players in the Scots' capital had no direct royal patronage. "Not till we arrive at the year 1GG3 is there," says J. C. Dibdin, " any further record of tlie drama " in Edin- burgh. "Jan Penthus" was then allowed to build a public stage " down about Black- friar Wynd head." In 16(58 came a represen- tation Jf Sydserf's comedy, 'Tarugo's Wiles,' in tlie tenuis court at Holyrood. In 1C69 and 1670 the town council are found licensing special performances, and in 1072 the local records make mention of a representation of 'Macbeth.' In 1677 and 1637 further special licenses are issued, and in 1689 we find the city losing the services of Sydserf, who had been managing a "theatre " in the Canongate. The next notable entrepreneur was Anthony Aston {q.v.), whose career as manager extended certainly from 1725 to [W28. His locale was the Skinner's Hall, 'and his regime was chequered, not to say stormy. He contended manfully, and not unsuccessfully at times, against official prejudice, but had to succumb at last. From 1728 to 1735 performances were given in the Taylors' Hall, Canongate, by "the Edinburgh company of players," who, with other things, produced ' The Tempest ' for the first time in the city. In September, 1736, it was announced that " the new theatre in Cari'utlier's Close will be opened the first of November." " This was the first regrilar theatrical establishment ever erected in Scotland, and was brought into existence by the enterprise of the poet, Allan Ramsay. What fortune it may have had, during its brief existence of little more than sis months, is unknown. That it was shut up immediately on the passing of the New Act, 10 George II. cap. 28, June 24, 1737, is certain. Ramsay must have lost heavily bv his speculation " (J. C. Dibdin). Management at the Taylors' Hall was by-and-by under- taken by one Thomas Este, who appears to have flourished, more or less, between 1741 and 1745, when he died. He had hit upon the idea of calling the place a concert hall, and charging the public for admission to a musical entertainment, after which a play was given "gratis." This device kept the drama alive in Edinburgh till 1767, when a patent was first granted to a local playhouse. IMeanwhile, 1747 was signalized by a large secession from the Taylors' Hall, many of the players taking service at a new " concert hall" which had been erected in the Canon- gate. Of this establishment, John Lee {q.v. ), the actor, from Drury Lane, became the director in 1752. He was not, however, well treated by his principal patrons and sup- porters, who engaged a Mr. Callender to replace him as business manager, the entire direction of the stage being vested in West Digges {q.v.), who, before long, became manager-in-chief. This was in 1756, a year notable for the production of Home's 'Douglas' {q.v.). Digges reigned for a year or two, giving way eventually to a combination of Callender with Bates (or Beat) of Newcastle. Under the rule of these gentlemen the," concert hall" was the scene of a riot, which created a strong prejudice against an unlicensed playhouse and a de- mand for a licensed one. A patent was ac- cordingly applied for and granted, the first holder of it being David Ross {q.v.), from Covent Garden, who was enabled to erect a new building in Shakespeare Square on the site of the present General Post Office. This "Theatre Royal" was opened on De- cember 9, 1769, with the patentee as " leadin^: man" and Mrs. Baker as "leading lady." In the following year Ross leased the the- atre to Samuel Foote {q.v.), who, in his first season, brought the whole of the Haymarket company to Edinburgh. He was glad, how- ever, in 1771 to resign the sceptre to West Digges, who by-and-by took John Bland into paitnership, and introduced Yates, Mrs. Yates, Shuter, Barry, and Mrs. Barry to local audiences. His management was not successful on the whole, and in 1777 he re- tired from it, followed in 1779 by Bland. A ilr, Corri, and afterwards, Tate Wilkinson, had the theatre for a season or two, and then in 1781 Ross resumed control, with the result that he was soon bankrupt. It was at this juncture that John Kemble first ap- peared in Edinburgh. The next lessee was John Jackson {q.v.) — actor, dramatist, and author of a ' History of the Scottish Stage.' Starting in November, 1781, he engaged Mrs. Bulkeley as " leading lady," and during the next few years presented r^Irs. Baddeley, Mrs. Siddons, Henderson, Mrs. Jordan, and others to the Scottish public. In September, 1788, the patent expired and had to be re- newed, the Duke of Hamilton and Mr. Henry Dundas becoming trustees for the public. In 1791 Jackson's reign ended, and the the- atre passed for a season into the hands of Stephen Kemble {q.v.), who, succeeded EDINBURGH EDMUND by Mrs. Esden, started in opposition to her at the Circus in Leith Walk. In 1794 she ceded tlie Theatre Royal to him "for a con- sideration," and he remained director till 1800, meanwhile bring-ing to Edinburgh such " stars" as Incledon, Mrs. Crouch, and Ellis- ton. In 1801 Jackson resumed his old posi- tion in partnership with Aickin of Liverpool, and between that date and 1809 employed Charles Mayne Young as "leading man," Bannister, jun., Cooke, and others coming as " stars." Henry Siddons became lessee in 1809. At first he transferred the patent from the Shakespeare Square house to the Circus aforesaid, but he returned to the former in 1811. His wife was his "leading lady," and both Munden and Charles IMathews appeared under his auspices. In 1815 he died, and his brother-in-law, W. H. Murray (q.v.), who had been a member of the com- pany since 1809, joined Mrs. H. Siddons in the management. The fifteen years that followed were memorable in the theatrical history of Edinburgh. They witnessed the appearances as "stars" of Miss O'Neill, Edmund Kean, C. Kemble, Grimaldi, Fanny Kelly, Mdme. Vestris, Vaudenhoff, ISIiss Foote, Braham, Miss Jarman, and Fanny Kemble, and the work done as "stock" actors by Murray, Calcraft, Montagu Stanley, and Mackay. In 1830 the patent granted to Henry Siddons expired, and it was now re- newed in favour of Murray, who also became lessee (with Yates) of the unlicensed Circus, which had come to be known as the " Cale- donian," and was re-christened by Murray the "Adelphi." This house was kept open in the summer, and the Theatre Royal in the winter. Murray continued in manage- ment of both till October, 1851— practically, for twenty years, during Avhich, at one or the other house, he introduced to his patrons Mdme. Celeste, Sheridan Knowles. Miss Ellen Tree, Charles Kean, J. B. Buckstone, C. J. Mathews, jNIiss Helen Faucit, G. V. Brooke, James Anderson, Mrs.AVarner, Barry Sullivan, Miss Glyn, Miss Cushman, Edwin Forrest, etc., besides maintaining a stock company in which many players since famous had much of their early experience. On Murray's retirement H. F. Lloyd and R. H. Wyndham became lessees, respectively, of the Theatre Royal and the Adelphi. Lloyd vacated the Royal in 1852, in favour of Rolli- son and Leslie (an actor). In January, 1853, Rollison retired. In May, 1S53, the Adelphi was burned down, and Wyndham became lessee of the vacant Royal. Of this he was director from June, 1853, to May, 1S59, and an the course of that period his company included J. L. Toole and Henry Irving. In 1857 it had already become known that the Government intended to buy the ground on ■which the Royal rested, in order to erect there the General Post OflQce. In 1855 the Adelphi, rebuilt, had been opened by James Black, of Leith, as the " Queen's" Theatre ; but Black failed, and in November, 1857, Wyndham took the house off his hands. In 1859, when theRoj^al had to be surrendered. Wyndham transferred its patent to the Queen's, which he renamed the Royal. There he stayed till January, 1865, when the build- ing was destroyed by tire. Another structure took its place in December, 1865, and this, too, w^as burned down in February, 1875. At this point Wyndham retired from manage- ment. Yet another Theatre Royal, erected on the same site, was opened in January, 1876, by J. B. Howard, and in June, 1884, shared the fate of its predecessors. Its successor was opened in December, 1884, by H. Cecil Beryl. Meanwhile, other theatres had been springing up in Edinburgh. In 1860 a music-hall on the south side of the city had been transformed into a playhouse, and this, in 1868, had been opened as the "Princess's" by A. D. McNeill, for many years popular as manager and as actor. Dying in 1884, he was succeeded by his son, W. A. McNeill, who kept the theatre open till May, 1886. In December, 1875, Wybert Reeve had begun operations in a building a little to the west of the Castle, which was called the Edinburgh Theatre, and was the scene in 1876 of Salvini's first performances in Great Britain. In April, 1877, it closed its doors for good. Again, J. B. Howard, deserting the Theatre Royal in 1883, had in September of that year joined with F. W. Wyndham (son of R. H, Wyndham) in opening the Royal Lyceum Theatre. For full details of the story thus outlined, see J. C. Dibdin's ' Annals of the Edinburgh Stage' (1888), Jackson's 'Scottish Stage,' Genest's ' English Stage,' the histories of Scotland and of Edinburgh, Wilkinson's ' Wandering Patentee,' Lowe's ' English Theatrical Literature,' etc. Edith. Daughter of Baldivin in Beau- mont's ' Bloody Brother ' (q.v.). Editha. A character in Mrs. Cowley's • Albina ' Iq.v.). Edith.a ; or. The Siege of Exeter. A tragedy by Hugh Downman, M.D., per- formed at Exeter in 1786. Editha's Burglar. A story by Mrs, F. H. Burnett, of which there have been several dramatizations under the same title : —(1) A play by Augustus Thomas and Edgar S.mith, performed in U.S.A. in 1887. (2) A play in one act, by Edwin Cleary, performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, October 28, 1887. (3) A play in four acts, by Mrs. BUR.N'ETT herself , produced at the Park Theatre, Boston, U.S.A., on June 17, 1889. (4) A drama in three acts, by :Mrs. F. H. BURNETT and STEPHEN TOWNSEND, brought out at the Bijou Theatre, Neath, on January 3, 1890. See NlxiE. Edmond. The " Blind Boy " in J. Kenney's melodrama so named (q.v.). Edmund. Natural son of the Earl of Gloucester, in 'King Lear' (q.v.). "The whole character, its careless, light-hearted villainy, contrasted with the sullen, ranco- rous malignity of Rejan and Goneril ; its connection with the conduct of the under- plot, in which Glostefs persecution of one of his sons and the ingratitude of another EDMUND KEAN 445 EDWARD III. form a counterpart to the mistakes and misfortunes of Lear ; his double amour with the two sisters, and the share which he has in bringing about the fatal catastrophe, are all managed," says Hazlitt, "with an un- common degree of skill and power." Edmund. Kean. (1) A drama in four acts, translated from the ' Kean ' of Alex- andre Dumas (Paris, 1836), and first per- formed at the Holborn Theatre, London, on September 25, 1871, with T. Swinbourne as Kean, Gaston Murray as the Prince of Res- selstadt, E. J. Odell as Sterling {Eean's con- fidential servant), Miss Josephine Fiddes as the Lady Angela, Miss Patti Josephs as Alice Elton, etc. (2) A play in five acts, adapted by T. Edgar Pemberton from Dumas' ' Kean,' Theatre Royal, West Hartleoool. January 4, 1895, with Edward Compton as Kean. Lewis Ball as Tabberer, Miss Sidney Crowe as Lady Lidcombe, etc. ; Metropole Theatre, Camberwell, London, October 23, 189G. (3) A one-act play by Gladys Unger, Vaudeville Theatre, Lou- don, January 10, 1903. See Royal Box, The. Edmunda, in Ireland's 'Vortigern' {q.v.), is Vortigern' s wife. Edouin, Bose. See Lewis, Mrs. G.B. Edouin, "Willie. Actor and manager ; joined the troupe managed by Miss Ivvdia Thompson, with whom heactetl in America, and afterwards in London, where he was seen, at the Charing Cross Theatre in 1874, as Zoug-Zoug and the Heathen Chinee in the burlesque of 'Blue Beard' {q.v.). His next prominent part in London was that of Dolly in ' The Babes ' (Toole's Theatre, 1884), followed by those of Boohee Jappa in 'The Japs' (Novelty, 1SS5), Carraway Bones in 'Turned Up' (Comedv, 18361, Macovey in •The Coming Clown' (Royalty, 1886), and John Sherwin in ' Ivy ' (same theatre and year). In February, 1S3S, he became mana- ger of the Strand Theatre, with whicli he remained associated till 1894. During this period he played the leading " low comedy " roles in ' Katti ' (1888), ' Airey Annie ' (1888), 'His Wives' (1888), 'Run Wild' (1888), •Kleptomania' (1888), 'Private Enquiry' (1891), 'Our Daughters' (1891), 'A Night's Frolic ' (1891), 'The Late Lamented ' (1891), 'The New Wing' (1892), 'The Postman' (1892), 'Wide Awake' (1893), 'The Lady Killer ' (1893), ' Beauty's Toils ' (1893), ' The Jerry Builder ' (1894), and ' The Wrong Girl ' (1894). He first appeared as Nathaniel Glover (the theatrical manager) in ' Our Flat ' at the Prince of Wales's Theatre in 1889. He was also the representative of Michonnet in I Trooper Clairette' at the Opera Comique in 1892. His later impersonations have in- cluded Ililarius in ' La Poupee ' (1897), Tweedlepunch in 'Florodora' (1900), and the leading comic part in 'The Girl from Kay's' (1902), and 'Amorelle' (1903). He is co-author, with T. G. Warren, of the play entitled ' Our Daughters ' (qv.y—Uis daughter. May Edouix, made her stage debut m 1894, in which year she figured at the Strand m ' The Jerrv Builder ' (qv)~ For an account of Mrs. Willie Edouiu'(died 1899), see Atherto.n, Alice. Education. A comedy in five acts by Thomas Morto.x, produced at Covent Gar- den in April, 1813, with a cast including Young, Mathews, Fawcett, C. Kemble, Liston, Barrymore, Mrs. Charles Kemble Mrs. S. Booth, and Mrs. Davenport. In this piece, says Genest, " fashionable educa- tion is well ridiculed," the heroine (Rosina} being a teacher in a fashionable school. Edward I. An historical play by George Peele, first printed in 1593. The full title runs as folio v*s: 'The famous Chronicle of King Edward the First, sur- named Longshankes, with his Returne from the Holy Land. Also the Life of Lleuellen, Rebell in Wales. Lastly, the sinking of Queen Elinor, who sunck at Charing Crosse, and rose again at Potter'shith, now named Queenhith.' Edward II. A tragedy by Christo- pher Marlowe, entered on the book of the Stationers' Company on July 6, 1593, acted by the Earl of Pembroke's servants, and printed in 1594 and 1598. This play describes not only the " troublesome reign and lamentable death" of Edward, but "the tragical fall of proud Mortimer, and also the life and death of Piers Gaveston, the great Earl of Cornwall, and mighty favourite of King Edward the Second." "In a verv different style from miglity Tamberlaine is,"" says Charles Lamb, "the tragedy of •Ed- ward the Second.' The reluctant pangs of abdicatingroyalty in Edward furnished hints, which Shakespeare .<Mdile. Beatrice com- pany, during which he figured in the first casts of ' The Sphinx,' ' John Jasper's AVife,' ' A Woman of the People, ' Married, not Mated,' etc. Of recent years he has been a member of Wilson Barrett's company. Edwards, Julian. Musical composer, born at Manchester, 1856 ; furnished the score for the following operas, and others : —'Brian Boru,' 'The Jolly Musketeer,' ' Jupiter,' ' King Rent's Daughter,' ' Made- line,' ' Victorian,' and ' The Wedding Day.' He has also acted as orchestral conductor to tieveral opera companies. Edwards, May. The heroine of Taylor's 'Ticket-of-Leave Man' (q.v.). Edwards, Osman. Translator into English of the second version of Bjijrnson's play, ' A Gauntlet ' (q.v.) (1884). Edwena. Daughter of Lucrine in Jack.- so.N's 'Eldred' (^.r.). Edwigre. The gipsy girl in * Falka ' (q.v.). Edwin. A tragedy by George Jef- freys, acted in Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1724, with Boheme in the title character (King of Britain), supported by Ryan, Quin, etc. Edwin and Ang-elina. This ballad by Goldsmith has suggested two dramatic pieces : (1) An opera by E. H. Smith, acted at New York, and printed there in 1797. (2) A "melodramatic burlesque" by Miss Walford, performed by amateurs at St. George's Hall, London, May 6, 1871. Edwin, Elizabeth Rehecca [Mrs. Jolni Edwin, jun.]. Actress, born about 1771, died 1854 ; nee Richards, daughter of an actor ; made her professional debut, as a cliild, at Dublin. After country experience, .'^lie appeared at Covent Garden In November, 1789, as Maria in ' The Citizen.* In 1790 she was employed at Hull by Tate Wilkinson, and in 1791 married John Edwin, jun. (q.v.), M-ith whom she appeared at the Haymarket in the following year. In 1809 she was seen at the Lyceum as the Widoiv Cheerly in ' The Soldier's Daughter,' and in 1810 she was the original representative of Lady Traffic in 'Riches' (g.v.). Under Elliston's manage- ment she figured in 1818 at the Olympic and in 1819 at "Drury Lane. After a period of retirement, during which she sustained a severe pecuniary loss, she returned to the .stage in 1821, playing at Drury Lane the Duenna in Sheridan's operetta so named. "She candidly acknowledged that she was too old for the parts which she usually acted." She was at all times popular in the country, and especially at Bath. "No actress in or out of London was so able to sustain Mrs. Jordan's characters." See Wilkinson's ' Wandering Patentee,' Genest's ' English Stage,' and Mrs. Baron Wilson's ' Our Actresses.' Edwin, John. Actor, born in London, 1749, died 1790 ; after some practice as an amateur, appeared at the Haymarket in 1764 as Quidnunc in ' The Upholsterer.' In 1765-6 he was engaged at Dublin. From 1768 to 1779 he was employed mainly at Bath, making, however, occasional ap- pearances in London. Thus, in 1776 he was seen at the Havmarket as Flaiu in ' The Cozeners' and Billy Button in ' The Maid of Bath.' At the same theatre in 1777 he played Old Hardcastle, Lancelot Gobbo, and Quince and Autolycus in adaptations from Shakespeare ; in 1778 he appeared as Midas, and in 1779 as Scrub and as Bobin in ' The Waterman.' From this date till his death he divided his time and services between EDWIN 448 EGERTON Drary Lane and the Haymarket. During this period his more notable parts included Touchstone, Sir Hugh Hvans, Polonius, Cloten, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, Autolycus, Speed, Dromio of Syracuse, Sir Amorous La Foole, Master Stephen, Old Mirabel, Maw- worm, Ben ('Love for Love'), Lucy Loctit, Croaker, and Chrononhotonthologos. Among the characters of v\hich he was the tirst representative were Lazarillo in ' The Spanish Barber' (1777), Tipi^le in 'The Flitch of Bacon ' (177S), Punch in ' The Mir- ror' (1779), Jeremy in ' Barnaby Brittle' (17S1), Lingo in 'The Agreeable Surprise' (17S1), Timid in ' Duplicity ' (17bl), PedriUo in 'The Castle of Andalusia' (1782), Don Vincentio in ' A Bold Stroke for a Husband ' (1783), Clod in ' The Young Quaker ' (1783), Trudgein ' Inkle of Yarico' (1787), LaFleur in 'Animal Magnetism' (1788), Ennui in ' The Dramatist ' (1789), and Gregory Gubbins in ' The Battle of Hexham' (1789). "Edwin," wrote the author of ' The Prompter,' is one of those extraordinary productions that would do immortal honour to the sock, if his extravasations of whim could be kept within bounds, and if the comicality of his vein could be restrained by good taste." " Tiiis singular being," wrote'Boaden, " was the absolute victim of sottish intemperance. " See 'Williams's ' Eccentricities of Edwm,' O'Keefe's 'Recollections,' Reynolds' 'Life and Times' [in which Edwin's habit of " gagging " is described], Bernard's ' Retro- spections,' Genest's ' English Stage,' ' Dic- tionary of National Biography,' etc. Edwin, John [the younger]. Actor ; son of John Edwin (q.v.), born 1760, died 1805 ; appeared at the Haymarket when eight years old ; was seen at "Covent Garden in 1788 as Lick in ' The Apprentice,' and at the Haymarket in 1792 as Blister in 'The Virgin Unmasked.' He was engaged by Lord Barrymore to conduct the private tlieatrical entertainments at Wargrave. See Wilkinson's 'Wandering Patentee,' 'The Thespian Dictionary,' and Genesfs ' English Stage.' See, also, Edwin, Elizabeth Rebecca. Elwin, Lina. Actress ; wife of Bland Holt ; leased Waverley Theatre, New York, and opened it as Lina Edwin's Theatre in September, 1870. Among her most popular pares were Susan in ' Black- Eyed Suzing' and Jack in ' Jack Sheppard.' She died in Australia, June, 1883. Edwin Drood. See Mystery of Ed- win Dkuod. Edwin the Pair. A poetical drama by Sir Henry Taylor, published in 1842. Edwina, in Cumberland's 'Battle of Hastings,' is in love with Edgar. Edwy and Elg-iva. A tragedv by I^Idme. D'Arblay(3.i\), performed at Drury I^ane on March 21, 1795, with J. J». Keuible as Edwy, Mrs. SicWons as Elgiva, Bensley as Lunstan, and other roles by Aikin, Palmer, C. Kemble, and Mrs. Powell. Doran says that " when the king cried. 'Bring in the bishop,' the audience, thinking of the pleasant mixture so called, broke into laughter." Effie Deans, the Lily of St. Leo- nard's. A drama by Shepherd, founded on Scott's ' Heart of Midlothian ' (q.v.), and performed at the Surrey Theatre, London, February 7, 1S63, with :\Irs. Emma Rob- herds as Effie, Mrs. Eburne as Jeanie, Mrs. Pauncefort as Madge Wildfire, and W. Gourlay as Dumbiedykes. (2) ' Effie and Jeanie Deans ; or, The Sisters of St. Leo- nard:' a drama by George H.\milton, also founded on Scott's story, and hrst per- formed at the Albion Theatre, London, on October 29, 1877 ; revived at the Maryle- bone Theatre on August 4, 1S79. See Heart OF Midlothian ; Scotch Sisters ; Trial OF Effie Deans. Eg-an, E. B. Actor, born 1818, died 1877 ; was, for sixteen years, manager of the old Queen's Theatre, Manchester.— Mrs. F. B. Egan, actress, made her metropohtan debut in 1871 as Madame Deschapelles in ' The Lady of Lyons.' Egran, Pierce. See Life in London and Tom and Jerry. Eg-an, Rose. Actress ; daughter of F. B. Egan {q.v.) ; made her debut in London in May, 1S73, at the Court Theatre, where she was the tirst representative of Florence in 'About Town' {q.v.). At the same the- atre, betn-een 1873 and 1«75, she was the original performer of Mrs. Carter in ' Brigh- ton,' Mrs. Bunthunder in 'The Wedding March,' and Lady Isabelle in 'The White PUgrim.' At the Criterion, in 1879, she was the first Mrs. Cornpton in 'Truth' {q.v.). In 1873, at the Queen's, she played Prince Henry in ' King John,' and in 1877 was seen at the Aquarium (Imperial) as Lamorce in 'The Inconstant' and Mrs. Singleto)i Bliss in ' Cyril's Success.' Eg-erton. Son of Sir Pertinax Mac- Sycophant in Macklin'S ' The Man of the World' {q.v.). Eg-erton, DanieL Actor and the- atrical manager, born in London, 1772, died 1835 ; was, according to one authority, trained for the law, and according to another " in business," before he took to the boards. He is said to have made his debut at the Royalty. He is known to have spent the earlier years of his career in the pro- vinces—at Birmingham (1799), Edinburgh, Newcastle (1801), and Bath (1803), M-here he held a high position. In July, 1S07, he was seen at the Haymarket as the Duke Aranza. In October, 1S09, he began at Covent Garden an engagement which lasted for many years. He opened as Lord Avon- dale in 'The School of Reform,' and there- after "uninterruptedly retained the posses- sion of such characters as Tullus Aufidius, King Henry VIII., and the sentimental fathers in comedy." It was written of him ' (Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biogi-aphy ') that " with judgment, figure and voice, he seemed suodued by a careless ennui, and I EGERTON EILEEN OGE scarcely ever did more than deliver the text of his author." He was manager of Sadler's AVells from 1821 to 1S24, of the Olympic in 1828, and of the Victoria (with William ' Abbott) in 1S33-4. See ' Thespian Diction- ary ' (1805), Genest's ' English Stage,' etc. ,See, also, EgehtOx\, Sarah. Eg-erton, Sarah. Actress, n4e Fisher ; born 1782, died 1847 ; made her first appear- ■ ance in December, 1803, at Bath, where she remained till March, 1809. Latterly she played "lead," and was very popular. In the same company was Daniel Egerton (q.v.), whom she married. In 1810 she acted at Birmingham, her London dtibut being made at Oovent Garden in P'ebruary, 1811, in the role of Juliet. At this theatre her .greatest successes were made in melo- , drama — e.g. as liavina in Pocock's ' Miller and his Men ' (1813), Mej Merrilies in Terry's ' Guy Mannering ' (1816), and Helen in Pocock's 'Rob Roy '(1818), of all of which she was the first performer. In 1819, at the Surrey, she was the original repre- sentative of Madge Wildfire in T. Dibdin's 'Heart of Midlothian.' After that came ;an engagement at Drury Lane (1819-20), ;during which she figured as the Queen in ,■• Hamlet ' and as Volumnia. From 1821 lonwards she appeared mainly under her ihusband's management at Sadler's Wells 1( where she was Juan of Arc in Fitzball's iplay), the Olympic, and the Victoria. After Ms death she retired on a pension from tlie iCovent Garden Fund. " Mrs. Egerton," wrote a contemporary, " is an actress of .^ome genius. She has made two or three Aaracters exclusively her own. . . . She is the very first melodramatic actress, and ihe is a general second-rate actress" (Ox- berry's ' Dramatic Biography '). The same luthority commends her Rnmliml and her Hermione in ' The Distressed Motlier.' See jenest's ' English Stage ' and Mrs. Baron jtVilson's ' Our Actresses.' I Egeus. Father of Hcrmia in 'A Mid- iummer Night's Dream ' {q.v.). Eg-la. A Moor in Beaumont and Flet- :her's 'Spanish Curate' {q.v.). Eg-lamour. (1) A character in 'The Two Gentlemen of Verona' {q.v.). (2) The jiueen in Parker's ' Love in a Mist' {q.v.). Eglantine. The name of characters in ')iBDL\'s 'Valentine and Orson' {q.v.), and dALTBY and :Mansell'S 'La Belle Nor- Qande' {q.v.). " Eg-o et Rex Meus." See Baker. Eg-otist (The). A comedy in three cts, by Herbert J. Leigh Bennett, lotel Metropole, Brighton, February 20, 895. Egyptian (The). (1) A play in five cts, by J. H. AViLKiNS, being a revised ersion of the author's ' Zenobia ' {q.v.), and rst performed at the City of London The- tre, April 18, 1853, with Charles Pitt in the itle part {Zahdas), supported by H. Rignold, r. T. Hicks, W. Searle, W. Ti-avers, Mrs. Hugh Campbell {Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra). Mrs. B. Barnett, and others. (2) An adap- tation of Hugo's ' Hunchback of Notre Dame,' first performed at the Opera House, Chicago, on February 15, 1892. Egyptian Idol (The). A plav in four acts, by Richard Saunders and Maurice E. Bandmann, Theatre Royal, Sunderland, December 16, 1895, with Miss Claire Ivauova as Madame Laroche. Ehre (Die). A drama in four acts, by Hermann Sudermann, performed by the Ducal Court Company of Saxe-Coburg at Drury Lane on June IS, 1895. An English adaptation of tliis piece was produced at the standard Theatre, New York, in November, 1895, with Frederick de Belleville as Count Trust and Miss Fanny Rouse aa Mrs. Uartmann. Eider-down Quilt (The). A farcical comedy in three acts, by ToM S. Wotton, first performed at Terry's Theatre, London, December 21, 1896, with INIiss Fanny Brough as Patricia, H. de Lange, A. Playfair, etc. Eight Hours at the Seaside. (1) A farce in one act, by J. Maddison Morton. (2) A farce by W. Kingston Sawyer {q.v.^, first performed at Brighton in 1853. Eight Pounds Reward. A farce by John Oxenford {q.v.), adapted from the French, and produted at the Olympic The- atre, London, in 1855. 1863 ; or, The Sensations of the Past Season. A "comical congloniera- tive absurdity " by H. J. Byron, first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, with Miss Fanny Josephs as an Author and Robert Audley, and J. L. Toole as Mr. Broivn, a French Gentleman from the Ly- ceum, a Misanthropic Gentleman from Drury Lane, and Lady Audley. 1870; or, The Battle of Life. (1) A drama produced at the Queen's Theatre, Dublin, October 31, 1870. (2) A play in one act, by Birch Vye, Theatre Royal, West Hartlepool, August 22, 1896. 1871. A play adapted by Charles H. Palmer from the French of Alphonse Daudet, and first performed at the Girard Avenue Theatre, Philadelphia, Pa., June 2, 1896. 1874; or, High and Low, Rich and Poor. A drama by John Elphin- stone. Theatre Royal, Hanlev, August 17, 1874. Eighteen Years in an Hour. An operetta, libretto by G. M. Layton, music by Lecocq, produced at the Park Theatre, London, February 15, 1895. Eileen Oge ; or, Dark's the Hour before Dawn. A drama in four acts, by Edmund Falconer {q.v.), first performed at the Princess's Theatre, London, on June 29, 1871, with Miss Rose Leclercq as Eileen, Miss Hudspeth as Bridget Maguire, J. G. Shore as Patrick O'Lonnell, G. Jordan aa 2 G EILY 450 ELDRED t Henry Loftus, J. Maclean as CUford, and the author as Bryan 0' Farrell. This piece ran for a hundred and eighteen nights. Eily. An Irish drama by F. Marsden, first performed at the Opera House, New York, in October, 18S5, with Miss Annie Pixley in the title part. Eily O'Connor. (1) A play by T. E. WiLKS (q.v.), adapted from Griffin's ' Colle- gians,' and first performed at the Milton Street Theatre, London, July 23, 1831, with Mrs. Chapman as Eily, Miss Forde as Ann Chute, James Vining as Hardress Cregan, John Kemble Chapman as Danny Mann, J. B. Buckstone as Lowry Lobby, and Miss Ellen Tree (Mrs. C. Kean) as the Widow Grecian. (2) A play by J. T. Haines {q.v.), in two acts, presented at the Milton Street Theatre on October 29, 1832, with Miss Mary Glover as Eily, Miss Pearce as Ann Chute, E. W. Elton as Hardress Cregan, Sam Chap- man as Loivry Lobby (Myles), and William Chapman as Danni/ Mann. See Colleen Baw.n and Miss Eily O'Connor. El Capitan. See Capitan, El. El Flambo. A pantomime by Frede- rick IMarchant, Britannia Theatre, Lon- don, December 27, 1S75. El Kyder : the Chief of the Ghaut Mountains. An " Eastern melodramatic spectacle" in two acts, by William Barry- more, first performed at the Coburg The- atre, London, November 9, 181S, with Huntley in the title role, Mrs. W. Barry- more as Harry Clifton, etc. Elaine. (1) A play founded by G. P. Lathrop and H. Edwards upon Tennyson's ' Idylls of the King,' and first performed at the Madison Square Theatre, New York, on December 6, 1SS7, with H. M. Pitt as King Arthur, H. Edwards as Lord o/Astolat, Alex. Salvini as Lancelot, C. P. Flockton as the dumb servant. Miss Marie Burroughs as Guinevere, and Miss Annie Russell as Elaine. Lancelot goes to the tourney at Camelot ; wounded, he is received at Astolat ; Elaine loves him, is deserted, and dies, her funeral barge floating down to Arthur' s conxt. (2) An opera in four acts, libretto (founded on Tennyson) by Paul Ferrier, and music by Ml Bemberg, produced at Covent Garden in July, 1892. (3) A play in one act, by RoYSTON Keith, Kilburn Town Hall, June 26, 1S90. Elaria. Daughter of Baliardo in Mrs. Behn's ' Emperor of the Moon' (q.v.). Elbow. A constable in ' Measure for Measure' (q.v.). Elder Brother (The). A comedy by John Fletcher (probably revised and in part rewritten by Massinger), acted at the Black Friars, and first printed in 1637 ; re- vived in 1661 ; performed at Miss Kelly's theatre in Dean Street, Soho, in 1845, by an amateur company headed by Charles Dickens ; revived at Drury Lane in 1S50, under the auspices of J. R. Anderson, and at the City of London Theatre in 1852. The ' Elder Brother is Charles Brisac, a scholar ; : the younger, Eustace, a courtier. Lewis • desires that one or the other shall marry ' his daughter Angelina. Charles, at first, . is disinclined for wedlock, but, on seeing Angelina, falls in love with her, and carries her off to his uncle Miramont's. In the end, Charles and Angelina are wedded. See ' Love makes a Man. Elder Miss Blossom (The). A comedy in three acts, by Ernest Hendrie and Metcalfe Wood, first performed at the Grand Theatre, Blackpool, Lancashire, September 10, 1897, with Mrs. Kendal in i the title part (Dorothy), Miss N. Campbell; as Sophia, W. H. Kendal as Andreiv Quidk, ; F. Fenton as Major Ttventymaii, and Rudge , Harding as Arthur Leacroft ; produced at the St. James's Theatre, London, September ■ 22, 1898, with the above in their original ! parts, and Charles Groves as Christopher ' Blossom ; first performed in America, Chest- ' nut Street Opera House, Philadelphia, Octo- ; her 9, 1899 ; first performed in New York at ! the Knickerbocker Theatre, November 20, . 1899. j Elderberry. A retired manufacturer) in Peake's ' Amateurs and Actors' (q.v.). i Elders (The). A farce by Henry Man, performed at Covent Garden in April, 1780. Eldorado. A "folie musicale " in five scenes, adapted by H. B. Farme from 'La Cagnotte,' and first performed at the Strand ' Theatre, London, on February 19, 1874, with Edward Terry as the Maire of Fouilly-les- - Oies, :Miss Nelly Bromley as his daughter ' Verdurette, and other parts by C. D. Marias, ; Harry Cox, E. J. Odell, Miss Maiia Jones, ' Miss Topsy Venn, Miss Sallie Turner, and Miss Angelina Claude. Eldred. A tragedy by John Jackson (q.v.), first performed at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, on February 19, 1774. Eldred; or, The British Free- holder. A tragedy by John Jackson (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket on ' July 7, 1775, with the author in the title part. The scene is laid in Cambria, in the time of Hengist and Vortimer. In this play we have " the simple circumstance of a British freeholder triumphantly resisting the usurpation of a tyrant lord." Eldred, Joseph. Actor, born 1843, died 1884 ; after experience at Dublin, Liverpool, and Birmingham, made his Lon- don debut at the Olympic Theatre on June 15, 1868, as Major Ilegulus Rattan in 'Ici on parle Franyais.' In 1868-9 he was en- gaged at the Gaiety, where he was the first : representative of Gobetto in Gilbert's 'Robert the Devil,' of Old Gray in Robertson's , 'Dreams' (in London), of Alonzo Pinzon in Alfred Thompson's ' Columbus ' (q.v.), and of the Jew bill-discounter in Gilbert's 'Old Score' (q.v.) Later in the year he went ■ to the Olympic, where he was the original H ■ ^ i V- y^ ELDRIDGE ELFINELLA interpreter of Micawher in Halliday's ' Little Em'ly '((/.r.), and where, in 1875, he played I Melter Moss in a revival of ' The Ticket-of- Leave Man.' In the provinces he made special successes in ' Xemesis ' and 'The Princess of Trebizonde.' Eldred was co- author (with Harry Paulton) of 'The Gay Musketeers ' (1870) and (with H. P. Grat- tan) of ' Echoes of the Night ' (1884). In HoUingshead's ' Gaiety Chronicles ' (1898) he ; is described as "a clever character actor." See, also, T. E. Pemberton's ' Birmingham Theatres ' (1889). Eldridg-e, Mrs. Louisa [nt^e Har- ■wood]. Actress, born in Philadelphia ; •made her first appearance, when fifteen, lat the old Chestnut Street Theatre in that icity ; joined, in succession, the companies lOf Peel's Museum and Barnum's Museum .(as singing soubrette and boy) ; married \V. Eldridge, merchant, and retired for five years, returning to the stage (Barnum's, ,New York) in 1858; in 1S60-62 was en- gaged at the New Bowery, going thence to Cincinnati and Washington. Among her chief roles were Madame Prudence, Aunt Delia in ' May Blossom,' and Aunt Eliza in J. W. Keller's ' Tangled Lives.' Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen of England. See Henry II. , Eleanor's Victory. A drama by John Oxenford, founded on Miss Brad- [ion's novel of that name, and first per- formed at the St. James's Theatre, London, )n May 29, 1865, with Miss Herbert as Meanor Vane, Mrs. Frank Matthews as tfr«. Lennard, 11. J. Montagu as Lancelot parrell, Frank Matthews as Major Lennard, V. Johnstone as Vandeleur Vane, and other parts by A. Stirling, Gasttm Murray, pederic Robinson, and Miss "Weber. ! Eieazar, the Moor in Marlowe's Lust's Dominion' (q.v.), is " such another haracter as Aaron in 'Titus Andronicus'" Hazlitt). Election (The). (1) A comedy in hree acts, printed in 1749. (2) A musical nterlude by M. P. Andrews (q.v.), pro- uced at Drury Lane in 1774, with Ban- ister as John, Mrs. Love as his wife, and Irs. Wrighten as Sally, his daughter. In his piece, one Trusty and a certain Sir \ourtly are candidates for a seat in Parlia- :ient. (3) An entertainment in two act'<, y RiCii.\RD Cu.MBERLANU, performed pri- ately in 1778. (4) A comedy by Joanna [iAlLLTE, printed in 1S02. Tliis, in 1817, was brned into a three-act opera, with lyrics by . J. Arnold, music by C. E. Horn, and was Performed at the Lyceum Theatre in June f that year, with H. Johnston a,s Baltimore, artley as Freeman, and other parts by iorn, Chatterley, Miss Kelly, etc. The lection is for the borough of Westown ; id Baltimore and Freeman, who are neigh- 3urs and hate each other, are the candi- ites. It turns out that they are sons of le same father, and they are thereupon •conciled. Electra. (1) A tragedy by Sophocles, translated into English by L. Theobald (1714), George Adams (1729), T. Franklin (1759), R. Potter (17SS), and R. C. Jebb (1894). See Sophocles. (2) A tragedy translated by Dr. T. Franklin from the ' Urestes ' of Voltaire (1761). (3) A tragedy by W. Shirley, adapted from Sophocles, and printed in 1765. It had been accepted for Covent Garden in 1762-3, but was re- fused a licence. (4) A play from the 'Orestes' of Voltaire, performed at Drury Lane in October, 1774, with Smith as Ores- tes, Palmer as ^Eyisthus, Mrs. Hopkins as Clytemnestra, Mrs. Baddeley as Iphisa, and iNIrs. Yates as Electra. (5) A tragedy translated from Euripides bv Michael Woodhull (1782) and R. Potter (1783). (6) A burlesque, ' Electra in a New Electric Light,' by Francis Talfourd, first per- formed at the Hay market Theatre, London, on April 28, 1359, with J. Clarke as Lycus, 11. Compton as ^Eyisthus, Mrs. Wilkins as Clytemnestra. Miss M. Ternan as Orestes, Miss L. Leclercq as Chrysothemis, Miss F. Wright as Pylades, and Miss Eliza Weekes- as Electra. Electric Spark (The). An " operatic absurdity " by C. F. Pidgin and C. D. Blake, first performed in America, and produced at the Prince's Theatre, Man- chester, May 28, 1883. Elephant (Der), See Scorpion, The. Elera. Maid to Zahina in ^L\RLOWE's 'Tamburlaiiie the Great' (First Part). Eleventh Commandment (The). A play in four acts, by Robert Castleton, Theatre Royal, Margate, December 4, 1899. Eleventh Hour (The). A drama by RonaldMacdonald and H. A. Saintsbury, Prince of Wales's Theatre, Birmingham, September 14, 1896. Eleventh of June (The). See Syl- vester Daggerwood. Elfie ; or, The Cherry Tree Inn. A drama in three acts, by Dion Boccicault, first performed at the Theatre Roval, Glas- gow, on :\Iarch 10, 1871; produced at the Gaiety Theatre, London, on December 4, 1871, with Mrs. Boucicault as Elfie, Miss Behrend as Rose Aircastle, H. Neville as Bob Evans, Atkins as Sadlove (a waxwork showman). W. Rignold as Joe Chirrup, etc. Bob, who loves Rose and is beloved by Elne, is accused of robbing the inn ; but the crime has really been committed by his rival, Deepear, disguised in a waxwork mask which has been made by Sadlove in the likeness of Bob's face. Elfin Tree CThe). An operetta, libretto by Alfred E. T. Watson ("Peyton Wrey "), music by Louis Diehl. produced at Alexandra Palace, London, on May 12, 1875. Elfinella ; or, Home from Fairy- land. A play in four acts, by Ross Neil (q.v.). first performed at the Princess's The- atre, Edinburgh, on October 15, 1875, with ELFRID 452 ELIZABETH Mi>s Heath in the title part and Wilson Barrett as Waklmar ; produced (with music by Alfred Cellier) at the Princess's Theatre, London, on June 6, 137S, with Miss Heath as before, r^Iiss D. Drummond as Lisa, Miss M. Milton as the Fainj Queen, Miss C Coote as Gretchen, Charles Warner as Waldmar, H. Russell as Franz, and W. Rignold as Hans. " A graceful and poetic work, but deficient in dramatic purport and interest " (Dutton Cook). Elfrid ; or, The Fair Inconstant. Atrairedv by AARON HiLL (q.v.), first per- formed at Drury Lane in January, 1710, with Mrs. Bradshaw as the heroine, Booth as Athehvold, Powell as Kinj Edgar, Mrs. Knight as Ordelia, etc. Elfrid, wife of Athehvold, is false to him with the King, and is killed by him. This play was after- wards rewritten and reproduced as ' Athel- wold ' (q.v.). (2) ' Elfrid : ' a tragedy by JOHN Jackson (q.v.), acted at the Haymarket in 1775. See Elfrida. Elfrida. A dramatic poem by William Mason, published in 1752 ; adapted to the stage, and performed, with music by Dr. Arne, at Covent Garden Theatre, on No- vember 21, 1772, with Mrs. Hartley as the heroine, Mrs. Mattocks as Albina, Smith as Athelu'old, Bensley as Kiiig Edgar, Clarke as Orgar, and a chorus of British virgins, in which Miss Catley was the principal per- former. "It is wretchedly acted," wrote Walpole to the author in the following Feb- ruary, "and worse set to music. Orgar (Clarke) had a broad Irish accent Edgar (Bensley) stared at his own crown, and seemed' to fear it would tumble off. . . . Smith did not play Athelwold ill. Mrs. Hartley is made for the part {Elfrida), if beauty and figure would suffice for what you ■write ; but she has no one symptom of genius. Still, it is very affecting, and does admirably for the stage, under all these disadvantages." ' Elfrida,' arranged for the stage by Mason himself, and fitted with music by Giardini, Avas acted at Covent Garden in February, 1779, with :Mrs. Hartley, Mrs. Mattocks, and CLirke as liefore, Lewis as Athehvold, and Aikin as Edgar. In this plav, as in 'Elfrid' (g.r.), Edgar falls in love with Elfrida, but Mason gives a dif- ferent turn to the relations between Edgar and Athelwold. Elg-itlia. A character in J. S-Knowles'S ' Brian Boroihme ' ifl-v.). Elidure. Son of Eldred in Jackson's play so named {q.v.). Elig-ible Bachelor (An). A come- dietta in one act, produced at the Strand Theatre, London, December 9, 1871. Elig-ible Villa (An). An operetta, music by M. Gastenel, Gaiety Theatre, Lon- don, April 19, 1869. Elinor. The Queen in Shakespeare's 'King John' (?.r.). Eliot. A conspirator in Ot way's ' Venice Preserved' (q.v.). Elisina. A melodrama adapted by Charles Moritz Klanert from the French, performed at Richmond, Surrey, and printed in 1S24. Elisir d'Amore (L'). See Adl\a, Dulcamara, Elixir of Love, and Love Spell. Elixir of Life (The). A drama in three acts, by George Conquest, produced at the Grecian Theatre, London, on Sep- tember 29, 1S73. Elixir of Love (The). An opera in two acts, music by Donizetti, libretto by T. H. Reyxoldson (q.v.), produced at the > Surrey Tneatre in 1839, with Templeton as I Xemorino, Reynoldson as Serjeant Belcore, ; Balfe as Dulcamara, Miss Romer as Adina; > brought out at the Princess's Theatre in ' 1S44, with Allen as jS^emorino, Paul Bedford . as Dulcamara, and Miss Austin as Adina. See Dulcamara. Elixir of Youth (The). A farcical comedy in three acts, founded by George ■ R. Sims and Leonard Merrick on the ' Bockspruenge' of Hirschberger and Kraatz, and first performed at the Vaudeville The. atre, London, September 9, 1S99, with a cast including G. Giddens, Miss Ellis Jeffreys, ■ Miss J. Xesville, Miss F. Wood, and Miss M. Legarde. Eliza. An "entertainment "by Richard ROLT, set to music by Dr. Arne, and per- formed at Drury Lane in 1757. Elizabeth. Queen to Edward IV. in Shakespeare's ' Richard III.' (q.v.). Elizabeth, The Princess (afterwards Queen of England), figures in the old play ■ called ' Courtenay Earl of Devonshire ; or, The Troubles of the Princess Elizabeth,' and also in TOM TAYLOR'S ' 'Twixt Axe and Crown' (q.v.). See Elizabeth (Queen of England). Elizabeth, Q,ueen of England, . fiauves in ' Albion Queens,' in Jo.NES'S i ' Earl of Essex' (g-.v.) in Hood and German's •. 'Merrie England' (q.v.), and in all ver- : sionsof Scott's ' Kenilworth' (q.v.), besides i being the Cynthia of Lyly's 'Endymion*/ (q.v.). She is also the leading personage in ; ' Elizabeth, Queen of England,' a tragic play in five acts, translated from the Italian of i Giacometti, and produced at the Amphithe- . atre, Liverpool, June 14, 1SG9 ; brought out at ■• the Lyceum Theatre, London, December 18, ■ 1S69, with Mrs. F. W. Lander (Miss Daven- ■ port) as the Queen, Miss K. Harfieur a.s Lady Sarah Hoivard, Allerton as Essex, C. Har- court as King James of Scotland, and C. F. Coghlan as Francis Bacon. The same play, ; translated by Thomas Williams, was per- formed at Drury Lane on July 14. 1SS2, with ]Mdme. Ristori in the title part. Miss Sophie ' Eyre as Ladu Sarah, J. H. Barnes as Essex, A. Dacre as Bacon, A. Matthison as Burleigh, T. F. Nye as Drake, and H. Xicholls as Davison. See England's Elizabeth. E-LIZ-ABETH ELLIOTT E-liz-alDeth; or, Th.e Don, the Duck, the Drake, and the Invisible Armada. A " profoundly historical " bur- lesque by F. C. BURNAND {q.v.), tirst per- formed at the Vaudeville Theatre, London, November 17, 1870, with T. Thorne as Queen Elizabeth, G. Honey as Drake, W. H. Stephens as Sir Christopher JIatton, David James as Don Ferolo Whiskerandos, Miss A. Newton as Raleigh, and Miss Hetty Tracy as Tilburina. Elizabethan Stage Society (The) had its origin in the Shakespeare Read- ing Society founded by AVilliam Poel in London in 1875 for the recitation of plays by Shakespeare. This Society decided in 1887 to give a reading in public, choosing for the purpose ' The Merchant of Venice,' which was recited, in modern dress and with a background of draped curtains only, in the Botanical Theatre of University College. Other such readings, at different places, followed, till, in 1891, ' Measure for Measure' was rendered, without scenery but in Elizabethan costume, at the Lad- broke Hall, Notting Hill. In 1892 and 1893 respectively, the Society interpreted ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona ' and ' Love's Labour's Lost' in similar fashion. In the autumn of the last-named year, the Society converted the interior of the Royalty into "as near a resemblance of the old Fortune playhouse a« a roofed theatre would admit of," and therein gave a representation of 'Measure fur INIeasure,' "the audience im- mediately adjoining the stage wearing Elizabethan costumes." This was so suc- cessful that it suggested the idea of a Society for promoting similar performances — an association on which the name of ' The Elizabethan Stage Society' was bestowed. Under the auspices of this body, and under the direction of William Poel, the following plays have been performed under Elizabe- than conditions (so far as they are known) : 'The Comedy of Errors,' Gray's Inn Hall, 1895 ; Marlowe's ' Doctor Faustus ' (pro- logue by A. C. Swinburne), St. George's Hall, 1896 ; ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona,' Merchant Taylors' Hall and Charterhouse, 1896; 'Twelfth Night,' Middle Temple, 1897 ; scenes from ' Arden of Feversham ' and ' Edward III.,' St. George's Hall, 1897 ; 'The Tempest,' Mansion House and Gold- smiths' Hall, 1897 ; ' The Coxcomb,' Inner Temple, 1898 ; Middleton and Rowley's ' Spanish Gipsy ' (prologue by A. C. Swin- burne), 189S; 'The Broken Heart,' St. Gef>rge's Hall, 1898 ; ' The Sad Shepherd,' Fulham Palace, 1898 ; ' The Merchant of Venice,' St. George's Hall, 1898; 'The Alchemist' (Ben Jonson), Apothecaries' Hall, 1899; 'Locrine' (A. C. Swinburne), St. George's Hall, 1899 ; Calderon's ' Life's a Dream,' St. George's Hall, 1899 : Kdlid^sa's ' Sakuntala,' Botanical Gardens, 1899 ; •Richard II.,' London University, 1900; Moli^re's ' Don Juan ' (translated), Lincoln's Inn Hall, 1900; 'Hamlet' (first quarto), Carpenters' Hall, 1900 ; ' Samson Agonistes,' South Kensington Jiluseum, 1900 ; Schiller's ' Wallenstein' (Coleridge's version), London University, 1900 ; ' Everyman,' Charterhouse, London, 1901 ; ' The Alchemist,' Imperial Theatre, London, 1902; 'Edward II.,' New Theatre, Oxford, 1903 ; ' Much Ado About Nothing,' Court Theatre, London, 1904. Ella. See ^lla. Ella Rosenberg-. A melodrama in two acts, by James Kenney, first performed at Drury Lane on November 19, 1807. Ellen ; or, Love's Cunning-. A comedy in five acts, by W. G. Wills (g.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on April 14, 1879, with Miss Florence Terry in the title part. Miss B. Henri as Lady Breezy, W. Terriss as Walter JVorfA, Charles Kelly as Tom Pye, and other r6les by H. Howe, Norman Forbes, G. W. Anson, and Miss Emily Thorne. Proving unsuccessful, the play was revised and reproduced at the same theatre, June 12, 1879, under the title of ' Brag,' with C. Kelly as before, W. Terriss as Hugh Memjman, Miss Henri as Mrs. Merry7nan,SLnd other parts by G. W. Anson, H. Howe, N. Forbes, Miss Ewell, Miss J. Roselle, and INIiss Emily Fowler. Ellen Wareham. The title and heroine of several plays founded on one of the tales in Lady Dacre's ' Recollections of a Chaperon ' (1833) :— (1) By J. B. BucK- STO.NE (q.v.), first performed at the Hay- market Theatre, April 24, 1833, with Mrs. Yates as Ellen, and other parts by Mrs. Humby, Mrs. Honey, Mis. Glover, Dowton, Vining, Elton, and the adapter. (2) By W. E. BuRTO.N, produced at the Surrey Theatre in May, 1833, with Mrs. W. West as the heroine, and other parts by Miss Vincent, Dibdin Pitt, Vale, etc. Elliott, Gertrude. Actress ; maxie her London debut in 'The Cowboy and the Lady ' (June, 1899). She was afterwards the first Princess Alestine in ' A Royal Family ' iq. u. )and the first Lucy in ' Lady Huntworth's Experiment' {q.v.). In 1900 she imperso- nated, in the English provinces, Desdemona, Ophelia, the heroine of ' The Devil's Dis- ciple' (q.v.), and the boy in 'Carrots.' She was the heroine of 'Mice and Men '(1901), 'The Light that Failed' (1903), and 'The Edge of the Storm ' (1904). Elliott, Maxine. Actress, born in Rockland, Maine; made her ddbut in America in 1891 as a member of E. S. Willard's tour- ing company. Her first original part was that of Lady Gilding in 'The Professor's Love-Story.' In 1895 she came to England with Augustin Daly's troupe, appearing in London as Sylvia in ' The Two Gentlemen of Verona ' and Hermia in ' A Midsummer Night's Dream.' In 1899 she returned to London, and undertook, at the Duke of York's Theatre, the chief female role in ' The Cowboy and the Lady ' and in ' An American Citizen,' in both of which she had Ereviously figured in the States. She has een seen in America as Grace in ' London Assurance, 'Do7-a in ' Diplomacy,' Sophie Jopp ELLIOTT 454 ELLISTOX in 'Judah,' Beatrice Sehryn in 'A Fool's Paradise,' Mrs. Allenhy in ' A Woman of Xo Importance,' and characters in ' A Gilded Fool,' ' In Mizzoura,' ' Xathan Hale,' etc. Elliott, "W. Gr. Actor ; after expe- rience with the A.D.C., Cambridge, began his professional career at the Haymarket Theatre in 1882, as Limpet in a revival of 'The Overland Route ' {q.v.). At this the- atre he was the first representative of Sir George Parnacott in ' Lords and Commons' (1883). After this came an engagement in America with Miss Rosina Yokes (Mrs. CecU Clay), with whom he played -CccZes in ' Caste,' Ledger in ' The Parvenu,' Admiral Rankling in ' The Schoolmistress,' Jack Deedes in ' A Pantomime Rehearsal,' etc. It was in the last-oamed part that he reappeared in Lon- don (Terry's Theatre, 1S91), following this lip with Montagu Trimble in the first cast of Pinero's ' The Times.' In 1S92-3 he was at the Court Theatre, where he was the original impersonator of Rosencrantz in Gilbert's ' Rosencrantz and Guildenstern,' Sir Charles Jenks in ' Marriage,' the Comte de Grival in ' The Amazons,' etc. _ Other original parts since played by him in Lon- don include Christiansoii in ' A Gauntlet ' (Rovaltv, 1894), Montagu Lushington in 'The Masqueraders ' (St. James's, 1894), Lord Bevenish in 'Guy Domville' (St. James's, 1895), and Petruchio Gomez in ' The New Baby' (Royalty, 1896). At the Hay- market in 1897-9 he was in the original casts of 'The Little Minister,' 'The Manoeuvres of Jane,' and 'The Black Tulip,' and at the same theatre in 1900 he was Sir Benjamin Backbite in ' The School for Scandal.' Ellis, Havelock, miscellaneous writer, has edited plays of Christopher Marlowe (1887), of John Ford (1888), and of Thomas Middleton (1887-90). Ellis, "Walter L. J. Dramatic author and critic ; has written the following plays, some of which are included in French's series of acted dramas :— ' The Evergreen,' ' A Fair Exchange,' ' Faultless,' ' Good-bye,' •The Lawyer,' 'The Love Test,' 'Mem. 7,* ' My First Brief,' ' Our Cousin,' ' Position,' ' Twenty Minutes Late,' ' Vol. III.' Elliston, RolDert "William. Actor and theatrical manager, born in London, April, 1774 ; died July, 1831 ; the son of a watchmaker, and intended for the Church, but, having taken part in theatrical per- formances at school and afterwards as an amateur, eventually left home and engaged himself to Diraond, the manager at Bath, There he appeared, according to Genest, on April 14, 1791— according to Raymond, his biographer, on April 21, 1792— as Tressel in 'Richard III.' He afterwards acted at Bristol and on the York Circuit. In 1793-4 he returned to Bath, with which he remahied connected for some years while making ap- pearances in London. Thus at Covent Gar- den in 1796-7 he played Shem (in 'The Jew '), young Xorval, and Philaster. At the Haymarket in 1797 he was seen as Othello, Shylock, and Sir Edward Mortimer ; and at the same theatre in 1803 and 1804 his roles included Hotspur, Richard III,, Henry V., Orlando, Rolla, George Barnwell, the Stranger, Sir George Airey, young Wild' ing, Harry Dornton, Dick Dowlas, Dr. Pan- gloss : he was also in the first cast of ' Love Laughs at Locksmiths' and other pieces. At Drury Lane in 1S04-5 his repertory in- cluded Hamlet, Benedick, Romeo, Comus, Archer, Doricourt, Charles Sid'face, etc, and he was the original Duke Aranza in 'The Honeymoon ' and the first Vivaldi in his own p ay, ' The Venetian Outlaw ' (q.v.). Petruchio, Rover, and young Rapid were among his parts at the Haymarket in 1805. At Drury Lane between 1S05 and 1809 he played Mercutio, Valentine in ' Love for Love,' young Mirabel, Sir Harry Wildair, Lord Townly, Captain Absolute, Puff, etc., also "creating" FUzharding in 'The Cur- few,' Lothair in ' Adelgitha,' and other characters. In 1809 he became lessee of the Royal Circus (afterwards the Surrey Theatre), retaining the control of it till 1812, and appearing meanwhile at the Hay- market (in 1811) as Pierre, Lothario, Job T hornberry, a.nd King Charles II. in 'The Royal Oak,' of whom he was the first repre- sentative. His performances at Drury Lane between 1812 and 1815 included Bolingbroke in 'Richard II.' and Joseph Surface. In 1813 he undertook the management of " Little Drury Lane," shortly afterwards re-christened "The Olympic." From this he passed in 1819 to the sole direction of Drury Lane, a position which he held till 1826, when he was adjudicated bankrupt. " His pecuniary affairs," says Genest, " were involved in great difficulties by his own fault, for with common prudence he might have been a rich man." During his regime he had employed as "stars " Edmund Kean, Young, Macready, and Mdme. Vestris, with Clarkson Sranfield and David Roberts as his chief scenic artists. Among his own impersonations had been Falstaff, Rich- mond, Cassio, Macduff, Ranger, and young Marlow, with one or two "original" parts. His last appearance at Drury Lane was on May 11, 1826. With 1827 began his second less'eeship of the Surrey Theatre, marked by the engagement of T. P. Cooke and the production of ' Blackey'd Susan,' and con- cluding in 1831, his final appearance as an actor being made there on June 24 of that year. On July 6 he died, of apoplexy. In addition to his London theatrical man- agements, he had conducted similar enter- prises in Manchester, Leicester, and Bir- mingham. Besides ' The Venetian Outlaw' (1805), 'No Prelude' (1805) was from his pen. Lord Byron said he " could conceive nothing better than Elliston in gentleman's comedy and in some parts of tragedy." Leigh 'Hunt wrote of him in 1807 that he was -'already the second tragedian on the stage," adding : " That Mr. Elliston's tragic genius is naturally equal, if not superior, to that of Mr. Kemble, may be seen in his quick conception of whatever is most poeti- cal, or, in other words, most fanciful, in tragedy, . . . Mr. Elliston's peculiar warmth ELLY 455 ELSIE VENNER ' of feeling has rendered him the best lover on the stage both in tragedy and comedy. ... He appropriates almost exclusively to himself the hero of genteel comedy. . . . I consider Mr. Ellliston, not only with respect to his versatility, but in his general excel- lence and in the perfection to which he has brought some of his characters, the greatest actor of the present day " (' Critical Essays on the Performers of the London Theatres '). i See, also, Charles Lamb's ' Last Essays of i Elia'C'Tothe Shade of Elliston.'and ' Ellis- toniana,' 1831). Elliston, says Robson, had "a frank hearty manner, set off by a good deal of grace, that made his comedy very delightful" ('The Old Playgoer,' 1846). Planche says : " Elliston was one of the best general actors I have ever seen ; but , the parts in wliich he has remained un- I rivalled to this day were the gentlemanly I rakes and agreeable rattles in high comedy. His Ranger, Archer, Marlow, Doricourt, Charles Surface, Rover, Tangent, and many other such characters, he made his own — and no wonder, for these characters re- flected his own" ('Recollections,' 1872). "His voice," sa>s W. Donaldson, "was of a superior quality, of great compass, and capable of any intonation ; his face noble, and his height about five feet ten " (' Recol- lections '). For biography consult the ' Memoirs ' by Raymond (1845), Oxberry's 'Dramatic Biography,' the ' Biographia ' Dramatica,' Genest's 'English Stage,' iMacready's ' Reminiscences,' etc. Elly. A play by Fred Marsden, first performed in New York at Niblo's Garden, December 21, IS'Jl. Elmerick ; or, Justice Trium- phant. A tragedy by Gkorge Lillo, lirst performed at Drury Lane on Februaiy ■23, 1740, with Quin in the title part. Elmire. A character in the English iversions of Moliere's ' Tartuffe' iq.v.). Elmore, Margaret. The heroine of 'Love's Sacrifice ' (q.v.). i Eloisa. A tragedy by Frederick Rey- nolds, taken froni the ' Nouvelle Heloise* pf Rousseau, and performed at Covent IGarden in December, 1786, with Miss Brun- ,ton in the title-part. Eloped; or. Babes and Beetles. 5ee Babes in the Wood (Tom Taylor). Eloped ■with a Circus Man. A play py F. G. Maeder and J. AV. McGrath, jirst performed at Bridgeport, Ct., January U, 1886 ; produced under the title of ' The Circus,' Philadelphia, February 22, 1892 ; first )erformed in New York, INIarch 28, 1892. Elopement (The). (1) A farce by ViLLiAM Havard, acted at Drury Lane in 763. (2) A pantomimic entertainment at )rury Lane in 1767. (3) ' Elopement : ' a omedy in two acts, by Henky Arthur oxes, produced at the Theatre Royal, Bel- ist, on August 16, 1880, with J. F. Young as 'onathan Ilonywill, E. S. Willard as Phil laikes, and Mrs. E. S. Willard as Maggie. Elopements in Higrh Life. A comedy in five acts, by Robert Sulivan, first per- formed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on April 7, 1353, with Barry Sullivan as Travers, W. Farren as Charles'Perfect, W. H. Chippendale as Lord Betterton, H. Howe as Tor)v Singleheart, H. Compton as Captain Gawk, J. B. Buckstone as Jemmy Tulip, Miss Reynolds as Mrs. Louisa Lovelock, Miss Louisa Howard as Eatherina, Mrs. Bucking- ham as Sybilla, and Mrs. Fitzwilliam as Lady Betterton. Elringrton, Thomas. Actor and the- atrical manager, born in London, 1688, died 1732 ; after some experience as an amateur, made his professional debut at Drury Lane in December, 1709, as Oroonoko, and re- mained connected with that theatre till 1712, when he went to the Smock Alley Theatre, Dublin, to play " lead." In the following year he married the daughter of the lessee, Joseph Ashbury (q.v.), on whose demise in 1720 he succeeded to the direction of the theatre — a position which he retained till his own decease. Between 1715 and 1729 Elrington made many appearances in London. In the first-named year he was at Drury Lane, playing Hotsjnir, Cassius, and so forth ; in 1716, at Lincoln's Inn Fields, where he Avas seen as Hamlet, (Edipus, etc. ; in 1718, at Drury Lane ; and in 1723-9 at the same theatre, enacting Othello, Antony, Cato, and other characters. He was the original representative of Pem- broke in Rowe's ' Lady Jane Grey ' (1715), Charles Courtwell in 'Woman's a Riddle' (1716), Sir Harry Freelove in ' The Artful Husband' (1717), the title-character in ' Busiris ' (1719), etc. " Mr. Elrington," says Chetwood, " was a true copy tif Mr. Verbrug- gen, but the former had an infinite fund of (what is called low) humour on the stage" ('History of the Stage'). See Hitchcock's ' Irish Stage,' Curll's ' History of the Stage,' Davies' ' i)ramatic Miscellanies,' Genest's ' h^nglish Stage,' etc. Elsa Dene. A drama in four acts, by A. C. Calmour, first performed at Brighton, October 14, 1886 ; produced at the Strand Theatre, London, on October 25 in the same year, with Miss Agnes Hewitt in the title part. Elsie. A drama in one act, by F. W. Broughton, first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, September 8, 1883. Elsie Venner. This fantastic tale by Oliver Wendell Holmes, first published in 1861, was dramatized m America, the play being produced in 1865 at the Boston Theatre. "The result," says Holmes's bio- grapher, "was absolute failure." Holmes himself said in conversation, " It was bad, very bad. It was not ' Elsie Venner ' — my ' Elsie Venner ; ' they had made it into a melo- drama, and the psychology was not there. ... It was the novel vulgarized. . . . You may imagine Elsie, with her strange eyes and the snake look in them, but you cannot see her on the stage : the illusion would not hold there." ELSWITH ELWINA Elswitla. See Elswitha. Elswitha, the heroine of Pocock's drama, 'Alfred the Great' (q.v.), appears as Elswith in Sheridan Knowles's play, ' Alfred the Great,' and in R. B. Brough'S extravaganza, 'Alfred the Great' {q.v.). See Ethelswida. Elsworthy, Maria [Mrs. Archedeckne]. Actress, born 1825, died 1879 ; played Gul- nare and Amine ia F. Talfourd's 'Abon Hassan' (1854). Among her original parts were the Countess in ' Bel Demonio ' (1S63), Bianea cVAlhizzi in 'The Watch Cry' (1865), Lady Ashton in 'The Master of Ravens- •wood ' (1866), and i/rs. Torrington in ' Uncle Dick's Darling ' (1869) She was the Queen in 'Hamlet' at the Princess's, London, in 1861, and at the Lyceum in 186i ; also, the Widoiv Melnotte at the Lyceum in 1867. Elton, Edward Williain [real name, Elt]. Actor, born in London, 1794, died 1843 ; was intended for the law, but, after some amateur experience, embraced the his- trionic profession. His London ddbut was made at the Olympic Theatre in 1823. After this came engagements at various provincial centres (a special success being achieved at Liverpool as Napoleon in 'The Battle of Waterloo '). His metropolitan renlrie was made in 1831 at the Garrick, Whitechapel, in the role of Richard III. — a performance which at once made him popular in the East End. Employed between 1832 and 1836 at the Suney, the Haymarket, and Covent Garden, Elton went to the last- named in 1838, and to DruryLane in 1839, as a member of Macready's companies. In 1843 he undertook some appearances at Edinburgh, and, returning from that city, was drowned in the ship Pegasus, on the voyage from Leith to Hull, on July IS. While at the Surrey in 1832 he was the original Eugene Aram in W. T. Moncrieff's play {q.v.). Other characters of which he was the tirst representative include Walter Tyrell in the play so named (1783), Waller in 'The Love Chase' (1837), Beauseant in 'The Lady of Lyons* (1838), Louis XIII. in Lvtton's 'Richelieu ' (1839), L'Aubigny in ' A Night in the Bastille ' (1S39), Bizzio in Haynes' ' Mary Stuart ' (1840), Pheax in ' Gisippus ' (1842), and Heartwell in ' The Patrician's Daughter ' (1842). Among other roles played by him were the Ghost in ' Ham- let' (Haymarket, 1837), Edgarin 'King Lear,' Antony in 'Julius Caesar,' Buckingham in 'Henry VIII.,' Guiderius in 'Cymbeline,' and Jaffier in ' Venice Preserved ' (all at Covent Garden in 1838), Laertes, Bertram in ' Marino Faliero ' (Drury Lane, 1842), and Camillo in ' The Winter's Tale ' (Drurv Lane, 1843). See the Era for July, 1843, Marshall's 'Lives of the Most Celebrated Actors and Actresses' (1847), and Westland Marston's ' Our Recent Actors ' (1888). Elton, "Williani. Actor, born 1850 ; made his first appearance at the Adelphi Theatre, Liverpool, in 1839. In 1867 he was "low comedian" at the Queen's, Man- chester. In 1872 he joined the travelling company of Captain Disney Roebuck, with whom he played in comedy and burlesque till 1875, when he went with him to South Africa. Engaged at Brighton in 1877-8, he went thence to the Gaiety, London (1879-80), where he " created" Count Nava- riski in 'Boulogne,' Merryman in 'Th& Great Casimir,' Botibol in ' Unlimited Cash,' and Bash'eigh in ' Robbing Roy.' In Octo- ber, 1880, he began a three years' engagement , at Wallack's Theatre, New York, where he was seen as To7iy Lumpkin, Bob Acres, old ; Middlewick (' Our Boys '), Doublechick (' The Upper Crust '), Ledger (' The Parvenu '), etc. At the London Gaiety in 18S3-4, he appeared as Sam Nubbles in ' Virginia and Paul,' Caliban in ' Ariel,' Cyniscos in ' Galatea,' ( the Shah in ' Camaralzaman,' Calchos in i ' Our Helen,' Alderman Chinkible in ' A Wet j Day,' Sinnery in ' Called there and Back,' ' and so forth. From 1886 to 1892 he played ; a long series of roles in Australia and New ' Zealand. In London in the last-named year j he " created " the Seneschal in ' The Wedding I Eve ' {q.v.). Among his more recent roles was ' that of Potter in ' Little Miss Nobody ' (1899). ; Elvina. A character in Kenney's ' Blind Boy ' {q.v.). Elvino, in 'La Sonnambula' and the burlesques based upon it, is a farmer in love- with Amina, the heroine. Elvira ; or, The "Worst not always True. A comedy adapted by George j DiGBY (Earl of Bristol) from the ' No Siem- pre lo Peor es Cierto' of Calderon, pub- I lished in 1667, and described by Swinburne I as "the one dramatic work in the Ian- j guage which may be said to have antici- j pated the peculiarly lucid method, and the ' peculiarly careful evolution of a most \ amusingly complicated story, which we i admire in the best works of Wilkie Collins." ' From this piece, it is thought, Mrs. Cent' livre borrowed something for ' The Won- j der' {q.v.). (2) 'Elvira:' a tragedy by j David Mallet, first performed at Drury : Lane on January 19, 1763, with Garrick as ' Alonzo IV. (King of Portugal), Holland as- \ Don Pedro (his son), Mrs. Gibber as Elvira J (secretly married to Pedro), Mrs. Pritchard • as the Queen, and Miss Bride as Ahneydai | (her daughter). This play was " confessedly an imitation" of De la ilotte's tragedy on j the same subject, which was itself deriveti . from the 'Lusiad' of Camoens. Elvira. (1) Wife of Gomez in Dryden's i ' Spanish Friar ' {q.v.). (2) Wife of Clodio in Gibber's 'Love makes a Man' {q.v.). (3) Mistress of Pizarro in Sheridan's play so named, and in L. Buckingham's bur- lesque thereof. Elvira is also the name of characters in (1) ]Mrs. Cockburx's ' Agnes de Castro' {q.v.), (2) 'The Muleteer of Toledo' {q.v.), (3) 'Bunker Hill,' and (4> : the English adaptations and burles(]ues of 'Don Giovanni,' ' Ernani,' 'Puritani,' and, ' Masaniello.' Elwina. A tragedy by M. Fitzgerald, , acted in Dublin in 1792 ELWOOD EMERY Elwood, Arthur. Actor ; flprured in the original casts of 'The Rector' (1883), 'The Blue Bells of Scotland' (1887), 'Calumny' (1889), 'Dick Venables' (1890), 'Hedda Gabler' (Lovborg, 1891), 'The Hon. Herbert ' (1891), Benhara's ' Awakening ' (1892), ' The Transgressors ' (1894), ' Nelson's Enchantress ' (1897), ' The Happy Life ' (1897), ' The Wisdom of the Wise ' (1900), etc. He has also been seen in London as Captain Hau'tree (1889), Major Treherne in ' Cyril's Success' (1890), Captain Hawkdey (1890), Smooth in ' Money ' (1891), etc. Elysium. A play by William Fleron, founded on Mario Urchard's novel, ' Mon Oncle Barbasson ' (Gymnase, Paris, 1S71), and first performed at Hermann's Theatre, New York, May 16, 1893. Elze, Karl. Author of ' Essays on Shakespeare ' and ' William Shakespeare : a Literary Biography,' both translated into English by Miss L. D. Schmitz, and pub- lished in that form in 187-1 and 1888 respec- tively ; author, also, of an essay on Sir William Davenant in the 'Shakespeare Jahrbuch ' (1869), and editor, likewise, of Chapman's ' Alphonsus' (1867) and S. Row- ley's ' When You See Me ' (1874). Embassy (The). A play in three acts, adapted by J. R. Plancii^ from the French, and first performed at Covent Garden on March 22, 1841, with a cast including Mdme. Vestris, Miss Tree, and J. R. Anderson. Emden, T. "Walter L. Architect, born 1847 ; son of W. S. P^mden (q.v.) ; de- signed the following London theatres— the old Court, the new Court, Terry's, the Garrick, and the Duke of York's ; also, the Ipswich Theati-e, the City Theatre, Sheffield, and the Theatre Royal, iVewcastle-on-Tyne. In several London theatres he has carried out large structural alterations, and he has designed many other places of entertain- ment in town and country. Em.den, W. S. Theatrical manager and playwright ; was, witli F. Robson (q.v.), co-lessee of the Olympic Tiieatre, London, from August, 1857, to September, 1864. — Mrs. W. S. Emden was engaged as an actress at the Olympic during her husband's regime, appearing in such original parts as Nanina in 'The Doge of Duralto,' Zemila in H. J. Byron's 'Mazeppa' {q.v.), etc. — Henry Emden, son of the above, is well known as a scenic artist. See Emden, T. Walter. Emerald, King-. See King Emerald. Emerald Queen (The). A drama by W. Travers, Britannia Theatre, London, July 18, 1870. Emerald King- (The). A play by John Brougham, produced at the Broad- way Theatre, New York, in December, 1868, with Barney Williams in the chief part. Emerance. Daughter of Eudcs, Duke of Aquitaine, in Grattan's 'Ben Nazir' (q.v.). Emery, John. Actor, born at Sunder- land, September, 1777 ; died in London, July, 1822; son of Mackle Emery (q.v.); v.as educated at Ecclesfield in Yorkshire ("where he doubtless acquired that knowledge of the dialogue which obtained for him so much celebrity "). He was trained to be an instrumentalist, and began life in the orchestra of the Brighton Theatre, where he made his debut as an actor as Old Crazy in ' Peeping Tom ' (q.v.). After this came country engagements with John Bernard and Tate Wilkinson, followed by an engagement at Covent Garden, where he was first seen on September 21, 1798, as Frank Oatland in ' A Cure for the Heart- ache' and Lovegold in 'The Miser.' These were followed at the same house by his Abel Drugger in 'The Tobacconist,' Orson in ' The Iron Chest,' Daniel Doivlas in ' The Heir at Law,' and so forth. At the Hay- market in ISOO he played Zekiel Homespuii in ' The Heir at Law.' In ISOO-lSOl he was at Covent Garden, where he was the original Stephen Harrowhy in ' The Poor Gentle- man.' At the Haymarket in the latter year he represented Clod in ' The Young Quaker ' and Farmer A.^hticld in 'Speed the Plough.' From 1802 till 1820 Emery was employed at Covent Garden, where he was the first performer of Dan in 'John Bull,' Sam in ' Raising the Wind,' Tyke in ' The School of Reform,' Dandie Dinuiont in Terry's ' Guy ^Mannering,' Ratclif in the same adapter's 'Heart of Midlothian,' and Moustache in 'Henri Quatre.' During the .same period Emery appeared as Silence in 'Henry IV.,' Caliban and Barnardine in 'Measure for Measure,' Lockit in ' The Beggar's Opera,' Hodge in ' Love in a Village,' Dougal in Terry's 'Rob Roy,' etc. His last appear- ance was on June 29, 1822, as Edie Ochil- tree in 'The Antiquary.' He had some gifts as a pictorial artist, and between 1802 and 1817 was a frequent exhibitor at the Royal Academy. Hazlitt wrote of him : "In his line of rustic characters he is a perfect actor. His Hodge is an absolute reality, and liis Lockit is as sullen, gloomy, and impenetrable as the prison walls of which he is the keeper. His Robert Tyke is the sublime of ti'agedy in low life" ('Criticisms and Dramatic Essays'). W. Robson says: "He understood and could play Shakespeare. His Caliban was by far the best that has been seen since Charles Bannister ; his Sir Toby Belch, his Grave- digger, his Dogberry, I have never seen equalled ; but his Barnardine was the most astonishing. ... He was great in the ner- vous, strong parts of our old comedies, and was reaMyDandi/ Dinmont himself" ('The Old Playgoer'). See, also, 'The Thespian Dic- tionary,'' Oxberry's ' Dramatic Biography,' Genest's ' English Stage,' Bernard's ' Re- collections,' Donaldson's ' Recollections,' Lamb's Essays, Leigh Hunt's ' Critical s,' etc. EMERY 458 EMIGRATION Emery, Mackle. Actor, died 1825 ; is described in (Jxberry's 'Dramatic Bio- graphy' as ''an actor of some humour but little originality." His -wife appeared at the Haymarket in 1802 as Dame Ashfiehl in ' Speed the Plough,' and was afterwards employed at Covent Garden. Emery, Sam.uel Anderson. Actor, born in London, 1S17, died July, 1881 ; son of John Emery {q.v.) ; made his professional diliut in 1835 in the provinces, beginning his meti'opolitan career, in effect, in April, 1S4.S, at the Lyceum, as Giles in ' The Miller's Maid' {q.v.). After appearing as Fixture in 'A Roland for an Oliver,' he joined the Keeleys at the Lyceum, where he was the first representative of Jonas in Stirling's adaptation of ' Martin Chuzzle- wit,' Will Fern in the same adapter's version of 'The Chimes' (1845), John Peerybinr/le in Albert Smith's ' Cricket on the Hearth ' (1845), and Anthony Latour in ' The Creole ' (1847). In 1853 he migrated to the Olympic, and was there notable as the original per- former of Fouche in 'Plot and" Passion' (1853), Benson in ' To Oblige Benson ' (1854), Potter in ' Still Waters Run Deep ' (1855), and Kinrj Gander in 'The Discreet Prin- ce sa' (1855). In the following year he was for a time lessee of the Marylebone Theatre. In the course of the twenty years that followed he sustained the following (and other) original roles—those of Beau Brum- mel in Blanchard Jerrold's play (185vi), Banuccio in 'Bel Demonio' (1863), Caleb Balderstone in ' The Master of Ravenswootl ' (1866), Noah Learoyd in 'A Long Stroke' (1870), DanH Peggotty in 'Little Em'ly' (1869), Dr. Primrose in Douglass's ' Vicar of Wakefield' (1870), Captain Cuttle in 'Heart's Delight' (1873), Major Bridgenorth in 'England in the Days of Charles II.' (1877), and Chamboran in ' Proof ' (1878). His other impersonations included Sir Peter Teazle (Olympic, 1855), Bobert Macaire (Lyceum, 1859), M'Closkey in 'The Octo- roon ' (Adelphi, 1861), Johnson in ' The Lan- cashire Lass' (Queen's, 1868), Peter Hayes in ' Arkwright's Wife' (Globe, 1873), O'Grady in ' Arrah-na-Pogue ' (Adelphi, 1876), and Martin Truegold in 'True to the Core' (Adelphi, 1877). His last appearance in London was made in 1878. His activities included a short engagement in America late in the sixties, and, just before his death, a tour of the Colonies. " Everything Sam Emery touches dramatically,"'wrote Edward Stirling, "impresses his audi- ences with truth to nature. Even in the smallest detail of character that excel- lent quality is worked out" ('Old Drury Lane '). F.mery, "Winifred. Actress ; daughter of .iamuel Anderson Emery (q.v.) ; made her professional debut at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, as the child in ' Green Bushes.' Her earliest appearance in Lon- don was at the Princess's Theatre, in 1S75, in the pantomiaie of ' Beauty and tlie Beast.' Her first engagement as an adult performer was with Miss Litton at the Imperial The- atre in 1879. At the Court Theatre in Sep- tember of that year she played Amanda in a revival of ' Fernande,' her first original part being that of Minnie in 'A Clerical Error' at the same theatre in the following month. Since then she has been the first representative of the following (and other) characters : — At the Court : Florence in ' The Old Love and the New ' (1879) ; at the i Haymarket : Bosalie in ' A Bridal Tour ' , (ISSO) ; at the St. James's : Mabel in ' Co- ; h ralie' (1881); at Toole's: Mrs. Bunny in j W^ ' Auntie' (1882) ; at the Vaudeville: Bose in | if"'' ' Confusion ' (1883) ; at Terry's : 3[rs. Errol in ' The Real Little Lord Fauntleroy ' (1888) ; 1 at Drury Lane : Sybil in ' The Armada ' | (1888) ; at the Vaudeville : Kate in ' That M Dr. Cupid' (1889) and Lady Fenton in 'The ■*" Old Home ' (1889) ; at Drury Lane : Mildred \ V in ' The Royal Oak ' (1889) ; at the Vaude- j Wf-^ ville : Clarissa in R. Buchanan's play (1890) ! »*• and Fanny Hoyden in 'Miss Tomboy'' ,.- (1890) ; at the Olympic : Grace in ' The • People's Idol ' (1890), Ad'ele in ' Father Buona- , parte ' (1891), and Madeline in ' The Acro- bat ' (1891) ; at the Avenue : Cynthia in , ' The Crusaders ' (1891) ; at the Comedy : ; Bosamund in ' Sowing the Wind ' (1893), j Elizabeth Linley in ' Dick Sheridan ' (1894), ■ Margery in ' The New Woman' (1894), Theo- ' phila in ' The Benefit of the Doubt ' (1895), ' and Mrs. Castello in ' The Late Mr. Castello ' ] (1895) ; at the Lyceum : Bazilide in * For the ■ Crown ' (1896) ; at the Haymarket : Ben^e , de Cocheforet in 'Under the Red Robe'' (1896), Comtesse de Candale in ' A INIarriage : of Convenience' (1897), Lady Babbie in 'The Little Minister ' (1897), the heroine in ' The ; Manteuvres of Jane' (1898), Bosa in 'The- Black Tulip' (1893), and the Comtesse d'Au- \ treval in ' Tiiere's Many a Slip ' (1902). Miss j Emery has also been seen in London in the i following (and other) parts -.—Nichette in j ' Heartsease ' (Court, 1880), Nerissa in ' The ■ ^lerchant of Venice' (Lyceum, 1881), Mrs.] Featherly in 'A Widow Hunt' (Vaude-: ville, 1881), Lottie in ' Two Roses' (Lyceum, •: 1881), Lydia Languish (^\a.nde\iUe, 1882, and; Haymarket, 1900), Sophia (and Olivia) in 'Olivia' (Lyceum, 1885), Marguerite in; ' Faust ' (Lyceum, 1886), Jessica (Lyceum, j 1887), Ida in ' Werner ' (Lyceum, 1887), Lady Teazle (Vaudeville, 1890, and Haymarket,' 1900), Kate Hardcastle (Vaudeville, 1890, and Haymarket, 1900), Vashtiin 'Judah' (Shaftes-. bury, 1890), Pauline Deschapellcs (Olympic,; 1890), Mrs. Haller (Olympic, 1891), Bess in' 'The Lights o' London' (Olympic, 1891),, Mo7ia in ' Ben-my-Chree' (Olympic, 1891), Ophelia (Olympic," 1891), Gilherte in 'Frou-; Frou' (Comedy, 1894), and Esther in ' Caste': (Haymarket, 1902). Miss Emery acted in America in 1834 and 1887 as a member of the London Lyceum company. Emigrant's Dauirhter (The). A drama in one act, founded by R. J. Ray- mond on an American tale, and first per-' formed at the English Opera House, Lon-, don, August 8, 1338. Emigrration. (1) An Irish drama byi B.\RRY Connor, Queen's Theatre, Dublin ■ I EMILIA 459 ENCHANTED HORSE July 13, 1880. (2) An Irish drama in four acts, by HUHKRT O'Grady, Princess's Theatre, Glasgow, INIay 14, 1883. Emilia. (1) A tragi-comedy, dedicated to "the only few," printed in 1672. (2) A tragedy by Mark A.nto.\y Meilan (1771). Emilia. (1) ^Vife of lago in 'Othello' iq.v.). (2) A lady in 'The Winter's Tale' {q.v.). Emilia Galotti. A tragedy by Les- SING, performed at Drury Lane (in English) in October, 1794, with Miss Miller in the title part, J. P. Kemble as the Prince of Guastallo, C. Kemble as Appiani, Palmer as Marinelli, Wroughton as Odarto, and Mrs. Siddons as the Countess Orsina. An English version by B. Thompso.X was printed in 1800. The original piece was performed at the St. James's Theatre, Lon- don, in 1852, with Henry Devrient as Appiani. Em'ly ; or, The Ark on the Sands. A drama adapted from Dickens's 'David Copp'ifield' iq.v.), and produced at the (^ueen's Theatre, Manchester, March 10, 18S4. See LirriK Em'ly. Emm, Henry. Nom-de-giLcrre, as play- wright, of Harry Monkhouse {q.v.). Emmett, Joseph Kline. Actor, born at St. Louis, 1841, died June, 1891 ; began his career in a "variety theatre" at his birthplace. His dibid as an actor was made in America, in 1868, in the title part of Charles Gaylor's ' Eritz, Our Cousin Ger- man '—the role in which he made his first appearance in London, on November c^O, 1872, at the Adelphi Theatre. Empedocles on Etna. A dramatic poem by Matthew Arnold, first pubhshed in 1853. Emperor of the East (The). A tragi-comedy by Philip Massinger, acted and printed in 1631. The Emperor is Theo- dosius ; he has married Athanais, a pagan girl who has been baptized as Eudocia. He comes in time to suspect Eudocia of an intrigue with Paidinus, but is duly con- vinced of her innocence. In Dr. A. W. Ward's opinion, " Massinger has not made any very successful use of a strange and, in its way, fascinating story, or invested with any marked interest the character of the 'Empress Eudocia'" ('English Dramatic Literature '). See Gibbon's ' Rome,' chapter 22; also, Theodosius. Emperor of the Moon (The). A farce in three acts, by Aphra Behn(j.i;.), adapted from the ' Arlequin Empereur dans le Monde de la Li;ne ' of Nolant de Faton- ville (which was itself originally trans- lated from the Italian), and acted at Dor.'^et Garden in 1687, with Untlerhill as Dr. Baliardo, ^lountfort as Von Charmante, Powell, jun., as Don Cinthio, Mrs. Mountfort as Bellemante (niece of Laliardo), Mrs. Cooke as Elaria (daughter of Baliardo), Jevon as Harlequin, Leigh as Scaramouch, and Mrs. Cory SiS Mo2)Sophil. "The Doctor is so credulous as to believe that there is a world in the moon. Charmante helps to impress him in his belief. The Doctor is at last persuaded that the Emperor of the Moon and the Prince of Thunderland are in love with Elaria and Bellamente. Cinthio and Charmante descend in a chariot as the Emperor and Prince. They marry Elaria and Bellamente" (Genest). ^'Harlequin and Scaramouch play off innumerable tricks and antics. They are the servants respec- tively of Don Cinthio and Dr. Baliardo, the lover and the pantaloon of the plot, and are both in love with Mopsophil, the duenna of Bellemante and Elaria " (Dutton Cook). The farce was revived several times between 1702 and 1748. Empire (The). A droll, founded (1676) on ' The Alchemist' (q.v.). Empress of Morocco (The). A tra- gedy in rhymed verse by Elkanah Settle iq.v.), first performed at Court in 1671, and afterwards acted at the Duke's Theatre (in 1673), with Mrs. Betterton as the Empress {Laula), Betterton as her paramour (Cn">na^- haz). Smith as Muley Hamet, Mrs. Mary Lee as Mariamne, etc. " The success of this tragedy excited the envy of Settle's con- temporaries. It is never dull, and the plot is well managed" (Genest). The play is said to have been the first ever printed with pictorial illustrations (1673). It was burlesqued in ' The Empre.ss of Morocco,' a farce written by TiiOM.iS Duffet, and acted at the Theatre Royal in 1674. En Manches de Chemise. See No. 1 Round the Corner, Nothing to Wear. En Route. A musical comedy in two acts, written by CECIL Maxwell and Walter Parke, composed by Ernest Buca- lossi (with additional numbers by Roland Carse and P. Bucalossi), and produced on Septeml)er 21, 1S96, at the Parkhurst The- atre, Holloway, London. En Voyag-e. A one-act piece by Lewis COEN, Vaudeville Theatre, London, Decem- ber 20, 1883. Enchanted Barber (The). A panto- mime by the Brothers Grinn, Adelphi Theatre, London, December 22, 1877.— 'The Enchanted Castle : ' a pantomime, adapted from a tale by Miss Aickin, and performed at Covent Garden in 1786.—' The Enchanted Dove : ' a pantomime produced at the Bri- tannia Theatre, London, December 26, 1881. Enchanted Eorest (The). A bur- lesque by Charles Dance {q.v.), produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, 1847. See Enchanted AVood. Enchanted Fountain (The). A fairy play in two acts, Avords by Mrs. De Lacy Lacy, music by Mrs. Lynedoch Mon- crieff, St. James's Theatre, London, June 22, 1900. Enchanted Horse (The). A bur lesque by Albert Smith {q.v.) and Toai ENCHANTED ISLAND 460 ENFANT PRODIGUE Taylor (q.v.), produced at the Lyceum Theatre, London, during the management of Mr. and Mrs. Keeley (about 1844-46). Enchanted Island (The). A dra- matic ballet by John Fawcett, performed at the Havmarket in June, 1S04. " The title states' that the story is founded on Shakespeare's ' Tempest.' The incidents which he has mentioned as having ijreceded the scenes of his play are given in action, and form the basis of this ballet " (Genest). Enchanted Isle (The) ; ' or, " Raising the Wind " on the Most Approved Princi- ples : a drama without the smallest claim to legitimacy, consistency, probability, or anything else but absurdity ; in which will be' found much that is unaccountably coin- cident with Shakspere's "Tempest,"' by William and Robert Brough {q.v.); pro- duced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on November 20, 1848, with Miss Woolgar as Ferdinand, " O." Smith as Prosi:>ero, Mdme. Celeste as Ariel, Miss M. Taylor as Miranda, Munyard as Caliban, Paul Bedford as Alonzo, C. J. Smith as Easa di Baccastoppa, Sanders as Smuttifacio ; revived in July, 1860, with ISIiss F. Stirling as Miranda. Enchanted Lovers (The). A pastoral by Sir William Lower, printed in 1658 and 1661. Enchanted Prince (The). A panto- mime by JOHN Douglass, Standard The- atre, London, December 24, 1S77. Enchanted Tower (The). A fairy extravairanza by Charles Selby, produced at the Marylebone Theatre in 1848. Enchanted Wood (The). (1) A legendary drama in three acts, by Frances, based on Parnell's ' Fairy Tale in the Ancient Stvle,' and performed at the Hay- market in 1792. (2) ' The Enchanted Wood ; or. The Three Transformed Princes : ' an extravaganza by Henry J. Byron (q.v.), brought out at the Adelphi Theatre, Lon- don, ""on May 4, 1870. See Enchanted forest. Enchanter (The); or, Iiove and Mag"ic. A musical drama in two acts, attributed to David Garrick, and acted at Drury Lane in 1760. (2) ' The Enchanters : ' a pantomime, founded on the story of Misnar in 'The Tales of the Genii,' and performed at Drury Lane in 1806-7. End of a Day (The). A play in one act, by Herbert Barnett, Royalty The- atre, Loadon, December 5, 1S91. End of the Tether (The). A drama in two acts, by G. C. Baddeley. End of the World (The). A play by J. W. Karner, performed in U.S.A. Endig-a. A character in Planche's •CharlesXIL'(3.v.). Endless. (1) A character in O'Keefe's 'Young Quaker' (q.v.). (2) A lawyer in Hoares 'No Song, No Supper ' (g.y.). Endymion ; or, The Man in the Moon. A comedy or masque by J. Lyly, "performed before Queen Elizabeth, at Greenwich, by the children of the Chapel ; and of Paul's," probably in 1587, and printed in 1591. In this piece Endymion is beloved by Tellus, but does not return her passion. She applies to a witch, who puts him into a sleep supposed to be everlasting, and also changes him from a young to an old man. ■ Cynthia, whom Endymion loves " at a re- spectful distance," is told that he will awake if she will kiss him. This she does, and he not only awakes, but recovers his youth. G. P. Baker, who introduced, edited, and annotated an edition of ' Endymion' brought out in America in 1895, regards the play as an allegory of the relations between thO' Earl of Leicester (Endymion), Lady Essex ■ (Tellus), and the Queen (Cynthia). See Cynthia and Endymion. (2) ' Endymion ; or. The Naughty Boy who cried for the; Moon:' a "classical mythological" ex- travaganza in one act, by William Brough, j first performed at the St. James's Theatre, London, on December 26, 1860, with Miss M. Taylor as Endymion, Miss Herbert as' Liana, Miss Kate Terry as Polydora, and I other parts by Miss E. Romer, Miss C. St. I Casse, Dewar, Emery, Belmore, andCharlesj Young. Enemies. A comedy -drama in five' acts, adapted by Charles F. Coghlan: from 'La Grande Marni^re' of Georges! Ohnet, and first performed at the Prince of. Wales's Theatre, London, January 28, 1886, with J. Fernandez and F. A. Everill asi Peter Darvel and Sir Manvers Glenn (the' enemies), and C. F. Coghlan and Mrs.- Langtry as Richard Darvel and Margaret^ Glenn (the lovers who reconcile their fathers). Enemy of the People (An). A play in five acts, by Henrik Ibsen, first per- formed in English at the Havmarket The- atre on the afternoon of June 14, 1893, with H. Beerbohm Tree as Dr. Stockmann, ]Mrs. T. Wright as Mrs. Stockmann, Miss L. Hanbury as Petra, H. Kemble as the Burgomaster, J. Welch as Horstad, E. M. Robson as Aslasken, etc. [six other perform- ances followed in June and July] ; first acted in America at the English Opera House, Chicago, 111., March 8, 1895. Enemy to the King- (An). A romantic drana in four acts, by Robert N. Stevens, Lvceum Theatre, New Y'ork, September 1, 1S96. Enfant de Paris (L'). See Day of Reckoning. Enfant Prodig-ue (L'). A musical plav, without words, in three acts, invented, bv "Michel Carre fils, composed by Andre Wormser, and originally produced at the Cercle Funambulesque, Paris ; brought out at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London,^ March 31, 1891 ; revived at the Criterion Theatre in April, 1892, and at the Lyric, Theatre in May, 1900. Adapted by AUGUS-i TIN Daly, the play was performed in NeW: ENFANT TERRIBLE ENGLISH GENTLEMAN "■ork in March, 1891, under the title of Pierre the Prodigal' (q.v.). Enfant Terrible (L'). See Gossip. Enfers de Paris (Les). See Paris ND Pleasure. Eng'ag'ed. (1) A comedy in three acts, )y W. S. Gilbert (q.v.), first performed at he Haymarket Theatre, London, on Oc- ober 3, 1S77. with G. Honey as Cheviot Hill, ^yrle Bellew as Belvaiuney, H. Howe as Mr. tymperson, W. Dewar as Angus Macalister, tVeathersby as Major Macyillicuddy, Miss .yiarion Terry as Belinda Treherne, ISIiss Julia (Stewart as Maggie Macfarlane, INIiss Lucy Buckstone as Minnie, Miss Emily Thorne is Mrs. Macfarlane ; revived at the Strand Theatre, London, in July, 1878, with G. Honey and Miss Stewart in their original parts, Edgar Bruce as Bdvawney, Clifford Cooper as Symperson, INIiss L. Hibbert as Belinda, Miss L. Telbin as Minnie, and Mrs. (Clifford Cooper as Mrs. Macfarlane ; at the Court Theatre, London, on November 30, .1881, with H. J. liyron as Cheviot 11 ill, K. Bellew as Belvawney, Clifford Cooper as Symperson, W. H. Denny as Angus, Miss Marion Terry as Belinda, Miss C. Addison Q,s Minnie, Miss Measor a,s Maggie, and .Miss Emily Thorne as Mrs. Macfarlane ; at the Haymarket on February 17, 1S86, with H. ;Beerbohm Tree as Cheviot, M. Barrymoreas \ Belvawney, W. Mackintosh as Sinnper.son, \C Brooktield as Angus, Mrs. iJeerbohm ; Tree as Belinda, Miss Augusta Wilton as i Minnie, Miss Norreys as Maggie, and Mrs. E. H. Brooke as Mrs. Macfarlane. In 1878 :* Engaged ' was jjlayed in the English pro- vinces, with G. Honey in his original role, Clifford Cooper as Sj/mperso7i, Edgar Bruce as Belvawney, and Miss Louise Hibbert as Belinda; more recently, with F. H. Macklin as Cheviot, Percival Clark as Belvaivney, Mrs. Macklin as Belinda, Miss F. Brough as Minnie, and Miss L. Gourlay as Maggie. The comedy was performed at New York in 1878, with James Lewis as Cheviot Hill and Miss Minnie Palmeras Minnie ; and at Fourteenth Street Theatre in 1SS6, with R. C. Hilliard as Cheviot Hill and INIiss Olga Brandon as Minnie. (2) A play by Livingstone Rus- sell, produced in the United States. Eng-agement (An). A duologue by B. C. Stephenson, Theatre Royal, New- castle-on-Tyne, August 29, 1890. Engrineering". A comedietta in two acts, by Arthur Matthison (q.v.), Park Theatre, London, June 22, 1878. Eng-Iand Ho ! or, The Buccaneers of the Arctic Reg-ions. A drama, pro- duced at the Marylebone Theatre, July 6, 1878. Eng-land, Home, and Beauty. A drama in three acts, by Joseph Brace- well, Queen's Theatre, Manchester, August 22, 1SS2. England in the Days of Charles the Second. A drama in four acts, by W. G. Wills (q.v.), first performed at Drury Laae Theatre on September 22, 1877, with S. Emery as Major Bridgenorth, W. Terriss as Julian Peveril, J. Fernandez as Edu-ard Christian, A. Glover as fhe Duke of Bucking- ham, W.H. Pennington as Charles II., Miss M. Leighton as the Countess of Deri y, Miss Alma Murray as Alice Bridgenorth, and Miss Louise Willes as Fenella. Eng-land Preserved. An historical play by George Watson, performed at Covent Garden in February, 1795. The scene is laid in the early part of Henry III.'s reign, and three of the leading cha- racters are fictitious. Eng-land's Elizabeth. A play by E. A. Parry (q.c.) and L. Calvert (?. v.), first performed at Manchester in April, 1901. Eng-land's Flag-. A drama in four acts, by Hakold Whyte, Prince of Wales's Theatre, Salfurd, April 15, 1895.—' England's Glory : ' a naval drama in four acts"^ Park- hurst Theatre, Holloway, London, August 20, 1894. Eng-land's Iron Days. See Ban- nister, N. H. Eng-land's Joy. A play performed at the Swan Theatre, London, in 1C02, and "exhil)iting, after an allegorical fashion, certain of the chief events in the reign of Elizabeth." See Dodsley's Collection. Eng-lander, liudwigr. Musical com- fK)ser; has supplied the score for the oUowing operas, first performed in U.S.A. : — ' The Belle of Bohemia,' ' The Casino Girl,' 'The Little Corporal,' 'The Passing Show,' 'A Round of Pleasure,' 'The Twen- tieth-Century Girl,' etc. Eng-lish Etiquette. A farcical comedy in two acts, by John Oxenford, first per- formed at the Olympic Theatre, London, November 2, 1840. ' See ETIQUETTE. English Fleet in 1342 (The). A comic opera in three acts, words by T. DiBDiN, music by Braham, produced at Covent Garden in December, 1803. English Friar (The); or, The Town Sparks. A comedy l)y James Crowne (q.v.), acted at the Theatre Royal in 1689, with Bowman in the title part (Father Finical). TJie Friar swindles Lord, Stately out of £300, and is discovered intriguing with the maid of Lady Credulous. Eng-lish G-entleman (An) ; or, The Empty Pocket. A drama in four acts, by Henry J. Byron (qv.), first performed at Bristol on November 8, 1870. with the author as Charles Chuckles; produced in three acts, and under the title of ' An Eng- lish Gentleman ; or. The Squire's Last Shilling,' at the Haymarket Theatre en May 13, 1871, with E. A. Sothern as Chuckles, and other parts by W. H. Chippendale (Jabez Grindrod), Mrs. Chippendale (Lady Logwood), Miss Caroline Hill (Malvina), Miss Amy Roselle (Mary), etc. ; revived at the Gaiety Theatre, London, in October, 1879, with the author as Chuckles. ENGLISH HEARTS ENGLISHMEN IN INDIA Eng-lish. Hearts. A drama in four acts, by M. Hall and H. Green, music by C. Harrison, Theatre Roval, Lincoln, June 10, 1S92. Eng-lisli Lawyer (The). A comedy translated by E. Ravexscro[-t, "%vith very little change," from Ruggle's Latin play, ' Ignoramus ' (q.v.), and acted at the Theatre Royal in 167S. Eng-lisli Merchant (The). A comedy bv George Colman (q.v.), adapted from ' L'Ecossaise ' of Voltaire, and acted at Drury Lane in 1767, with Yates in the title part (Freeport), Powell as Lord Falb ridge, Ha- vard as Sir William Douglas, Mrs. Palmer as Amelia Freeport Douglas, Mrs. Abingdon as Lady Alton, and King as Spatter. Lady Alton, who loves Lord Falbridge, conspires with Spatter to prevent his marriage with Amelia. She is, however, foiled by Free- 'port. The piece was played at New York in June, 1795, as ' The Benevolent Merchant,' with Hodgkinson as Freeport and Mrs. Hallam as Amelia. Eng-lish Monarch (The). See Edgar, Eng-lish Monsieur (The). A comedy by the Hon. James Howard {q.v.), acted at the Theatre Royal in December, 1666. Pepys witnessed the first performance, and described the work as "a m ghty pretty play, very witty and pleasant." Nell Gwynn was in the cast. The scene between Comely and Elspeth in the fourth act is parodied in 'The Rehearsal.' Eng-lish Moor (The) ; or, The Mock Marriage. A comedy by Richard Brome {q.v.), printed in 1659. Eng-lish Nell. A comedy in four acts, founded by ANTHONY Hope and Edward Rose on the former's novel entitled ' Simon Dale,' and first performed at the Prince of AVales"s Theatre, London, August 21, 1900, with Miss Marie Tempest as Nell Gwynn, Frank Cooper as Charles II., Ben Webster as Simon Dale, etc. Eng-lish Princess (The) ; or. The Death of Richard III. A tragedy by J. Caryl, acted at Lincoln's Inn Fields in March, 1667, with Betterton as Richard, Harris as Richmond, and Smith as Sir William Stanley. The Princess is Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Edward IV. The piece is in rhym'ed verse, and statedly based on "plain 'Holinshead and downright Stow," though the love scenes are all fictitious. English Reading-s. An interlude by James Cobb, performed at the Haymarket in August, 17S7. It was WTitten in ridicule of the inferior " reciters " of that day. Eng-lish Rose (The). A drama in four acts, by George R. Sims {q.v.) and Robert Buchanan {q.v.), first performed at the Adelphi Theatre, London, August 2, 1890, with Leonard Boyne as Harry O'Mickey, ]SIiss Olga Brandon as Edith Kingston, and other parts bv Bassett Roe, J. D. Beveridse, T. B. Thalberg, W. L. Abingdon, C. Dalton, L. Rignold, J. L. Shine, Miss M. Rorke, ISIiss C. Jecks, Miss Essex Dane, and Miss Kate James ; produced in New York, Sep- tember, 1S90. English Traveller (The). A tragi- come.iy by Thomas Heywood {q.v.), acted at the Cock-pit, Drury Lane, and printed in 1633. The hero is young Geraldine, who is in love with the young wife of old Wincott, but refrains, out of friendship for the husband, from wooing her. He after- wards discovers that she is the paramour of his friend Dalavill. Hazlitt says : " The most splendid passage in Heywood's co- medies is the account of ' Shipwreck by Drink,' in the 'English Traveller,' which was the foundation of Cowley's Latin poem, ' Naufragium Joculare.' " Eng-lishman from Paris (The). A farce by Arthur Murphy, acted at Drury Lane, once only, in April, 1756. Englishman in Paris (The). A ; comedy in two acts, by Samuel Foote {q.v.), ; first performed at Covent Garden on March i 24, 1753, with Macklin as Buck, Miss Macklin as Lucinda, Mrs. Macklin as Mrs. Subtle, etc. ■ The object of the piece was " to expose the folly of sending our youth abroad to catch ■ the vices and follies of our neighbour ; nation." Buck (the Englishman) is in love with Lucinda, an orphan in the hands of the Subtles. In February, 1756, Foote pro- duced at the same theatre a two-act sequel to this piece, entitled ' The Englishman Return'd from Paris,' with Foote himself as | Buck, Mrs. Bellamy as Lucinda, and Shuter, | Sparks, etc., in other parts. Herein, " the . Englishman, who before was a brute, is now become a coxcomb ; from being absurdly > averse to everything foreign, is grown into , a detestation of everything domestic "(' Bio- graphia Dramatica '). Buck no longer cares ■ for Lucinda, whose own affections are other- wise engaged. Eng-lishman Return'd from Paris (The). See Englishman in Paris. Eng-lishman's House is his Castle (An). A farce by J. Maddiso.n Morton Iq-v.), produced with a cast including \ Harley, H. Saker, Miss Buf ton, and Miss [ Kate Terry. Englishmen for my Money; or, A Woman will have her Will. A comedy, ascribed to William Haughton, : mentioned by Henslowe in 1593, and first printed in 1616. "It is a merry bustling comedy of London life, showing how the three daughters of a ' Portingal ' usurer and their three English lovers carry the day over their money-loving father and the three benighted foreigners in vain favoured by him "(A. W.Ward). Englishmen in India. A comic opera in three acts, libretto by W. DiMOND, first performedwith a cast including Dowton, Gattie, Harley, Wallack, C. Jones, Mrs. * Davison, Miss Kelly, and Miss Stephens- revived at Drury Lane in 1SS9, with Dowton, ; Duruset, W. J. Hammond, Mrs. Selby, Mrs. . Stirling, and :Miss Betts in the cast. SV ti ENGLISHWOMAN EPICCENE Eng"lish.woinan (An). A melodrama in five acts, by St. Aubyn Miller, Opera House, Chatham, January 1, 1S94 ; Standard Theatre, London, October 1, 1S94. Enlisted. See Chain Gang, The. Ennui. A character in Reynolds' ' Dra- matist' i'l-v.). Enobarbus. Friend to Antony, in 'Antony and Cleopatra' (q.v.). Enoch Arden. A poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson, of which, apparently, a dramatized version was performed in America in 1S65, with J. F. Wheelock as Enoch. Then came (2) Stirling Coyne's ' Home Wreck ' (q.v.) (1869), (3) Henry Leslie's ' Mariner's Compass' (q.v.), and (4) 'Enoch Arden,' a drama in four acts, by Arthur Matthison, first performed at the Crystal Palace, De- cember 14, 1S7G, with Reginald 3Ioore as Enoch. H. R Teesdale as Philip, G. Barrett as Peter Lane, A. Matthison as Boscn Ben, Atkins as Dr. Graminett, Miss Eastlake as Armie, etc. (5) Another dramatization of the poem, made by Newtown Beers, was performed in the United States in 1SS9. Enough's as Good as a Feast. A comedy "mentioned by Kirkman, but with- out either date or author's name." Enquire Within. A musical piece, written by F. C. liURNAND, and performed at the Gallery of Illustration, London. Enrag-ed Musician (The), with music by Samuel Arnold (q.v.), was first performed in 17SS, and revived at St. George's Hall, London, on March 12, 1855. Ensnared. A drama in three acts, adapted by Walter Frith (q.v.) from ' Le Drame de la Rue de la Paix,' and first performed at the Gaiety Theatre, London, ^larch 8, 1883. It was afterwards played in the provinces by a company headed by Miss R. Leclercq. Enson, Fanny. Actress, died 1897 ; was the original representative of the follow- ing (and other) chAvactevs:— Mary Faii-fax in Wills's 'Buckingham' (1875), Amaranthe in Rowe and Harris s ' Freedom ' (1S83), An- gelica BloKsom, M.D., in Burnand's ' Doctor' (1887), Amcnartas in Rose's 'She' (1888), and Lady Kate ffennell in Jones's ' Bauble Shop' (1893). She was also seen in London in 1892 as Mrs. Erlynne in ' Lady Winder- mere's Fan' and Mrs. Glyn-Stanmore in Chambers's ' Idler.' At Birmingham in 1873 she played Helena in ' A Midsunmier Night's Dream,' and in the same city in 1876 Cordelia. Entellus. A conspirator in Massinger'S ' Roman Actor ' (q.v.). Enthusiasm. (1) A play by Joanna Baillie, printed in her volume of ' Dramas ' (i83o). (2) A play by John Brougham (q.v.). Enthusiast (The). (1) A comedy in one act, by William Lowe, Theatre Royal, Blacklnirn, May 7, 1884. (2) A dramatic sketch in one act. Vaudeville Theatre, London, March 11, 1892. Entrances and Exits. A drama in prologue and three acts, by George Spencer, East London Theatre, April 27, 1868. Entrapped. A melodrama in two acts, by Edgar Newbound, Britannia Theatre, London, July 24, 1880. Entry into Jerusalem, on an Ass (The). One of the York Plays (q.v.). Eolia. The " Mountain Sylph " in Bar- nett's opera so named (q.v.). Epee, The Abbe de 1'. See Abbe de l'Epee and Deaf and Dumb. Epernoune. A character in Marlowe's ' Massacre at Pari.s ' (q. v.). Ephesian Matron (The). (1) A farce in one act, by Charles Johnson (q.v.), acted at Drury Lane Theatri in April, 1732. (2) A comic serenata, " after the manner of the Italian," by Is.^ac Bickerstaffe, produced at the Haymarket in 1769. Epiccene ; or, The Silent Woman. A comedy in five acts, by Ben Jonson (q.v.), first performed in 1609 " by the children of Her Majesty's Revels." It was printed in the same year, and ran through several editions (1612, 1616, 1620, and so forth). The plot is thus given by Genest: "Morose has such an abhorrence of all noise that he in- structs his servant to answer him by signs. He has taken a dislike to his nephew, Sir Dauphine Eugenie, and is determined to marry. Cuthcard recommends Epicoene to him as being a Silent Woman. Trueivit does his utmost to deter Morose from marrying ; his attempt only accelerates Morose's deter- mination. ... In the third act, Epicoene re- covers the full use of her tongue. . . . Morose agrees to settle £500 a year on his nephew during his life, and the rest of his fortune at his death, on condition that he will effect a divorce for him. This is easily done, as Epicoene is a boy whom Dauj'hine has pre- pared for his purpose." Tlie comedy w^as revived in 1660, and again at the Theatre Royal in 1664, with (probably) Mrs. Knap as Epicoene, CartwTight as Morose, Mohun as Trueivit, Kynaston as Sir Daxiphine, Winter- shall as Sir Amorous La Foole, Shatterel as Sir John Daxv, Lacy as CaiAain Otter. Burt as Clerimont, airs. Corey as Mrs. Otter, and Mrs. Rutter as Lady Haughty. Pepys, who witnessed this performance, records another revival in 1667, adding, " I never was more taken with a play than I am with this ' Silent Woman,' as old as it is, and as often as I have seen it. There is more wit in it than goes to ten new plays." In 1668 he WTites : " To the King's Playhouse, and there saw 'The Silent Woman,' the best comedy, I think, that ever was wrote." The play was revived at the Haymarket in January, 1707, with Mrs. Old- field as Epicoene, Betterton as Morose, Wilks as Trueivit, Booth as Sir Dauphine, Bullock as La Foole, Cibber as Daw, Mills as Cleri- inont, and Norris as Cutbeard ; at Drury Lane in October, 1731, with Mrs. Thurmond as Epicoene, Johnson as Morose, Cibber, jun.. EPICURE 464 EPIMETHEUS as La Foole, and Bridgwater as Sii- Dau- phine ; at the same theatre in Fel^ruary, 1738, with Mrs. Butler as Epicoene, Mills as True- wit, Macklin as Cutoeard, Havard as Sir Dauphine, and ^Mrs. Pritchard as Lady Haughty ; at Covent Garden on April I7, 1745, with Mrs. Pritchard as Epicoene, Cibber, jun., as Daw, and Woodward as La Foole; and at Drury Lane in October, 1752, with Yates as Morose, Palmer as Truewit, Shuter as La Foole, Woodward as Daw, and ^Irs. Clive as Lady Haughty. Altered by Colman, the play was produced at Drury Lane, under Garrick's auspices, in January, 1776, with Mrs. Siddons (and afterwards Lamash) as Epicoene, Bensley as Morose, King as La Foole, Yates as Otter, Parsons as Daw, and Baddeleyas Cutbeard. It was seen at Covent Garden on April 26, 1784, with Mrs. Bates as Epicoene, Aikin as Morose, Wroughton as Truewit, Edwin as La Foole, Quick as Daw, and Wewitzer as Cutbeard. In 1798 appeared an edition of the play with the scenes ar- ranged " according to the French model." A performance of the comedy was given at Sander's Theatre, Cambridge, U.S.A., on March 20, 1895. " Epic(ene" was made the subject of high eulogy by Dryden in his " Essay on Dramatic Poesy." Coleridge de- scribed it as " the most entertaining oi Jon- son's comedies." " Its merits," writes A. C. Swinburne, "are salient and superb: the combination of parts and the accumulation of incidents are so skilfully arranged and so powerfully designed that the result is in its own way incomparable. , . , Jonson's wit is wonderful— admirable, laughable, laud- able—it is not in the fullest and the deepest sense delightful. It is radically cruel, con- temptuous, intolerant ; the sneer of the superior person — Dauphine or Clerirnont — is always ready to pass into a snarl. . . . This is perhaps the only play of Jonson's which will keep the reader or spectator for •whole scenes together in an inward riot or an open passion of subdued or unrepressed laughter " (' A Study of Ben Jonson '). See, also, Ward's ' English Dramatic Literature ' Epicure, Sir Tunbelly, in Dr. Bacon's ' Insignificants ' (5. v.). Epilog-ues. The epilogue, in English drama, was, we read, " probably a develop- ment of the old Greek yvti^ixn, or moral re- flection, with which the Chorus concluded the play, and partly of the ' vos plaudite ' of the Roman comedians. The features of these two parents can be traced in most English epilogues. In those which refer back to the action of the drama, and tend to justify its issue ; in those ' merry epilogues to tra- gedies ' which in the pages of the Spectator found such vehement assailants and cham- pions ; whenever, in shert, a character in the play appeai-s and speaks lines calculated to dismiss the audience with unruffled tem- perament and assuaged emotions ; we seem to discover a relic of the sententious sapience of the Chorus of Greek tragedy. But in those many others, which are divested of any reference to the play, and in which the audience are directly addressed with a view to obtain a favourable reception for the players, we recognize a development of the brief ' plaudite ' with which tlie actor in a play of Plautus or Terence, advancing to the front of the stage, would appeal to the public " (' The Prologue and Epilogue in English Literature'). In English the- atrical history the epilogue has taken many forms, and has been delivered under vary- ing conditions. It was originally very brief, but grew gradually in length till it became a substantial com'position. At first, in aU probability, it was a species of "tag" pro- nounced by the last speaker in the play, as in the familiar case of ' As Yuu Like It' (from the epilogue to which it is clear that such utterances were usually given to a male character, and, moreover, that they were not invariably in verse). Almost equally familiar, at least as a matt-r of history, is the epilogue to Dryden's ' Tyrannic Love' iq.v.), spoken by Nell Gwynn in the cha- racter of the Princess Valeria. The Princess was supposed to be lying dead upon the stage ; but when the attendant came to lift the pseudo-corpse, Nell opened her mouth in protest : " Hold ! Are you mad, you d d confounded dog? I am to rise and speak the epilogue." The epilogue to ' 2 Henry IV.' is spoken by "a dancer," that to Dryden's 'Indian Em- peror' by "a Mercury." Dorset wrote for a revival of 'Every Man in his Humour' an epilogue spoken by " the Ghost of Rare Ben Jonson." Sometimes the epilogue (as in the case of Brome's 'Antipodes' and Dryden's ' Don Sebastian ') took the shape of a colloquy between two speakers, and was caUed an epidialogue. Occasionally the epilogue was not spoken, but sung. In course of time, it became fashionable for the author of a play to write neither his prologue nor his epilogue, but to get in- fluential friends to do both for him ; and to this custom we owe some of the best epilogues in the language. Shakespeare makes Rosalind say, "If it be true that good wine needs no bush, it is true that a good play needs no epilogue ; yet to good wine they do use good bushes, and good plays prove the better by the help of good epilogues." On the other hand, the speaker of one of Beaumont and Fletcher's exordiums has to remark — " Why there should be an epilogue to a play I know no cause." Against the " merry epilogues to tragedies," once so prevalent, both Arthur Murphy and John Home protested strongly in epilogues of their own. Not for many a year has an epilogue, other than Shakespearean, been delivered on our regular stage. One of the most recently printed is that which Theo- dore Watts-Dunton wrote for an amateur performance of Banville's ' Le Baiser ' at Coombe, Surrey, in August, 1889. See But- ton Cook's ' A Book of the Play.' Epimetheus, in H. J. Byron's 'Pan- dora's Box' ( ill love with Freddy Boiv- man (q.v.). Epsom "Wells. A comedy by T. Shad- well, tirst performed at the Duke's Theatre in 1G72, with a cast including Betterton, Harris, Smith, Underbill (as Justice Clod- pate), Nokes, Angel (as Fribble), Mrs. John- son, Mrs. GibbS; and Mrs. Betterton (as J/rs. Jilt) ; revived at Driiry Lane in 170S and 1715, and at Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1726. " This is one of Shadwell's best plays " (Genest). See Downes's ' Roscius Augli- canus.' Equality Jack. A "nautical operetta" in twu acts, the libretto founded by William POEL f>n characters and dialogue in Cap- tain ^Nlarryat's novels, the music by W. S. Vinning ; Ladbroke Hall, London, February 28, 1891. Equals. A comedy in three acts, adapted ])y P^UWAUD Rose from ' Le Gendre de M. Puirier' (q.v), and first performed at the Alexandra Theatre, Liverpool, .July 2, 1883, with C. H. Ilawtrey and Miss Abington as the Marquis smd Marchioness of Duntaayne. Equanocta. A character in Talfoliid'S ' Aboil Has.san ' (q.v.). Era (The). A weekly newspaper, the first number of which appeared on Sunday, September 30, 1838. At first, the 'Era' consisted of miscellaneous news, special prominence being given to all kinds of .sport. Of late years, however, under the editorship of its i)roprietor, Edward Ledger, the 'Era' has devoted itself solely to the regular and " variety " stages of the United Kmgdom, America, the Colonies, and cer- tain Continental cities. In connection with it is published, every January, the Era An- I ; nual, the first issue of which (entitled The :. '< Era Almanack) took place in 1S6S. [The title Avas changed (on the cover) to The Era Annual in ISd'i.] The Annual is a reposi- tory of information concerning the plays and the obituary of the year dealt with, besides including original literary matter and pictorial illustrations. Erastus, in Vanbrugh's 'Country House,' is in love with Maria mne. Erictho. A witch in J. Marston's 'Wonder of Women ' (q.v.). Erina. The heroine of J. S. Knowles'S 'Brian Boroihme ' (q.v.). Erin-g-o-Brag-h ; or, The Wren i Boy s of Kerry. A drama by C. F. Hazle- I ,WOOD, Britannia Theatre, London, April IS, ,1870. (2) ' Erin-go-Bragh ; or, The Mile- sian's Thrust in Luck : ' a drama by W. J. Travis, Victoria Theatre, London, May 3, 1873. Erixene. (1) The Thracian princess in 1 OUXG's ' Brothers ' (q.v.). (2) Euphrasia' s attendant in Murphy's ' Grecian Daughter' (q.v.). Erl King's Daughter (The). A play by William Gade, performed in U.S.A. Erie, T. W. Author of ' Letters from a Theatrical Scene Painter,' published in London in 18S0. Erm.inie. A comic opera in two acts, written by Harry Paulton and Claxox Bellamy, composed by Edwai-d Jakobowski, and first performed at the Grand Theatre, Birmingham, in October, 1885, with Miss F. St. John in the title part. Miss K. Munroe as J avotte, 'Miss, M. A. Victor as the Pmicesse de Gramjyoneux, Miss V. Melnotte as Cerise, H. Paulton as Cadeau, F. Wyatt as Ravannes, Henry Bracyas Eugene Marcel, Fred Mervin as the Marquis de Pontvert, and other parts by H. Bolini, J. W. Bradbury, Miss Edith Vane, Miss K. Everleigh, and Miss Ethel Selwyn ; first performed in London at the Comedy Theatre on November 9, 1885, with the same cast ; performed at the Gaiety, London, February 18, 1SS6 ; performed in the English provinces in 1885-6, with Miss Esme Lee in the title part. Miss C. Lee Stoyle, T. Paulton, and W. H. Rawlins, and in 1887 with Miss E. Vane in the title part and Miss >L Duggan as Marcel. In America the opera was performed originally (Casino, New York, May 10, 1886), \vith a cast in- cluding Mdme. Pauline Hall, Miss Marie Jansen, Oliver, and Hallam. It was revived in New York, at the Broadway, in 1893, with Francis Wilson as Cadcaux, and at the Casino in 1898, with H. E. Dixey as Ravannes. Ernani. An opera in four acts, the li- bretto founded on the ' Heriiani ' of Victor Hugo, the music by Verdi, first performed in England in March, 1845, at Her Majesty's Theatre, London. It was burlesqued by William Brough (q.v.) in 'Ernani; or, The Horns of a Dilemma,' produced at the Alexandra Theatre, Highbury, on :May 20, 1S65, with Miss Rachel Sanger in the title part, Dan vers as Scampa, C. H. Hazlewood as Rof/uez, Miss R. Edwin as Donna Elvira, and Mrs. Caulfield as Jacinta.— Another travesty of ' Ernani ' was performed at the Union Square Theatre, New York, in 1872-3. See, also, Handsome Hernani. Ernest de Fridburgr. The " Prisoner of State" in E. Stirling's play so named (q.v.). Ernest Maltravers. A drama in three acts, by Rose Medina (q.v.), produced at the Britannia Theatre, London, Septem- ber 28, 1874, with E. Newbound in the title character, James Arden as Richard JJarvil, and Miss Marie Henderson as Alice Darvil. Ernesto. A character in Otway's 'Orphan' (q.v.). Ernstone, Helena Cecile [nee Schott]. Actress, of German extraction ; made her debut on the English stage at Canterbury in 1867 as Geraldine in ' The Green Bushes.' her first appearance in London taking place 2h EROS 466 ESMERALDA in February, 1868, at Covent Garden, as Katherine in ' Katherine and Petruchio' iq.v.). trtre Hardy, Miss Ague. u ESMERALDA 467 ESTCOURT Booth as Nora Desmond, T. Whiffen a.s Estabroulc, and Miss Annie Russell in the title part. It was afterwards produced in London under the title of ' Young Folks' Ways' (,q.v.). Esmeralda, (1) The Princess in Planch iVs 'Riquet with the Tuft' (q.v.). (2) The heroine of Halliday's ' Notre Dame ' (q.v.). Esmeralda, Miss. See Miss Esme- ralda. Esmeralda, Pretty. See Pketty Esmkkalda. Esmond. A play by W. G. Wills, founded on Thackeray's novel, and per- formed at St. George's Hall, London, June 21, 1893, with Ernest Meads in the title part, Dawson INIilward as Lord Mohun, Miss Mabel Harrison as Lady Castlewood, and (Other parts by Miss Muriel Ashwynne, Misa 1 Eleanor Rees, etc. See Henry Esmond. i Esmond, Henry V. Actor and drama- Itist, born November, 1869 ; was engaged as under-study at the Prince's Theatre, London, in 1886. After this came considerable ex- perience on tour in the British provinces. His first original role in London was that of Adrian Fiore in Outram Tristram's 'Panel Picture' (Opera Comique, INIarch, 1889). iSince then he has been the first representa- itive of the following (and other) characters : —Captain Chandler in 'The Middleman' (1889) and Ca2:>tain Kirhym ' Dick Venables ' (1890)— both at the Shaftesbury Theatre ; Algernon drey in 'Sweet Nancy' (Lyric, 1890); Grahatn Maxivell in ' The Pharisee ' and Jack Deshorouyh in 'My Lady Help' ^haftesbury. 1890) ; Auyustus Sudds in ' The Director' (1891), Howard Erjerton Pomjjas in ' The Times ' (1891), Dickliawdon in ' The County' (1892), Neville Turner in 'Uncle Mike' (1892), and Weston Carr in 'Flight' (1893)-all at Terry's; Plantageiut Watts in I The Great Unpaid' (Comedy, 1893) ; Eddie ,in 'The Masqueraders ' (1893), George Round in * Guy Domville ' (1895), Willie Hesseltine in 'The Triumph of the Philistines ' (1895), and Bates-Buttanshaw in ' Bogey ' (1895)— all at the St. James's ; Regqie Philhrick in ' The Rise of Dick Halward ' (Garrick, 1895); Dolly Talbot in ' A Blind Marriage ' (Cri- terion, 1896) ; and Ronald St. Roche in ' The Princess and the Butterfly ' (1S97), the Major in 'The Tree of Knowledge' (1897), Captain Korner in 'The Conquerors' (1898), Vivian Beaudevere in 'The Ambassador' (1898), Adam Ilaygard in ' In Days of Old ' (1899), Fritz von Tarlenheim in ' Rupert of Hentzau ' (1900), and James Antrohus in ' A Debt of Honour ' (1900)— all at the St. James's. H. V. Esmond was seen at the St. James's in 1893 as Cay ley Dm mmle in ' JMrs. Tanqueray, at the Havmarket in 1895 as Little Billee in 'Trilby,' at the St. James's in 1896 as Touch- s'/nie, and at tlie same theatre in 1S98 as Verges. He is the author of the following plays :— ' Rest ' (1892), ' Bogey ' (1895), ' The l^ivided Way ' (1895), ' In and Out of a Punt ' '.1896), 'One Summer's Day' (1897), 'Cup- board Love' (1S98), ' Grierson's Way' (1898), ' When We were l^enty-one ' (London, 1901), ' The Sentimentalist ' (1901), ' The Wilderness ' (1901), ' My Lady Virtue' a902), and ' Billy's Little Love-Affair * (1903) ; also of ' The Courtship of Leonie,' ' My Lady's Lord,' etc. Esmondes of Virg-inia (The). A play in four acts, adapted by A. R. Cazauran from Anicet Bourgeois' ' Une Separa- tion,' and first performed in America ; produced at the Royalty Theatre, Lon- (-lon, ]May 20, 1886, with Miss Helen Barry as Rachel Trevor, and other parts by H. R. Teesdale, J. H. Darnley, N. Doone, J. C. Buckstone, and Miss Measor. Esop's Glo"wworm. A moralp'ay, referred to by Nash in one of his tract's, dated 1592, as then well known. Essex, Countess of. See Countess OF Essex and Siephens, Katherine. Essex, Earl of. See Earl of Essex. Estcourt, Richarrf. Actor, born at Tewkesbury, 1668, died 1712 ; educated at Tewkesbury Grannnar Scliool ; when fifteen, ran away from home and joined a troupe of travelling players. Rescued from strolling, he was apprenticed to an apothecary, and afterwards practised as such, but, not pros- pering, returned to the stage. About 1698 he was engaged at Smock Alley, Dublin, where he played Sir Joslin Jolli/ in ' She Would if She Could ' (q.v.), and old Bellair in 'The Man of Mode' (q.v.). BetAveen 170.1 and 1709 he was acting at Drury Lane, where he figured as the first representative of Hardy in 'The Quacks,' Pounce in 'The Tender Husband,' Captain Hearty in 'The Basset Table,' Sergeant Kite in 'The Re- cruiting Ofhcer,' and Sir Francis Gripe in 'The Busybody.' He also appeared as Dominic in 'The Spanish Friar,' Crack in ' Sir Courtly Nice,' Captain Bluff in ' The Old Bachelor,' the First Gravdigger in ' Hamlet,' Bayes in ' The Rehearsal,' Falstaff in 'Henry IV'.,' Lady AddlejHot in ' Love for Money,' Mercury in ' Amphitryon,' Sir Samp- son Legend in ' Love for Love,' Sir Ejncure Mammon in * The Alchemist,' and Pandarus in ' Troilus and Cressida.' At the Hav- market in 1709-10 he was the original Trusty in ' Man's Bewitched,' and also enacted Surly in ' Sir Courtly Nice ' and Sullen in 'The Beaux' Stratagem.' His last appear- ance was on June 12, 1712. He was the adapter of 'The Fair Example' (q.v.), a comedy (1703), and the author of 'Prunella' (q.v.), a burlesque (1708). He appears to have become, in 1711-12, the proprietor of the Bumper Tavern in Covent Garden. Steele pictures him as Tom Mirror in the ' Tatler ' for August 6, 1709, and has tributes to him in the 'Spectator' for May 5 and August 27, 1712. Downes, in his ' Roscius Anglicanus,' describes Estcourt as " histrio natus," and says: "He has the humour (nature enduing him with an easy, free, unaffected mode of elocution) in comedy always to la-tificate his audience, especially I ESTELLE 468 ETHEL'S REVENGE quality (-witness Sergeant Kyte). He's not excellent only in that, but a superlative mimick." "This man," writes Colley Cibber, " was so amazing and extraordinary a mimick, that no man or woman, from the coquette to the privy-counsellor, ever mov'd or spoke before him, but he would carry the voice, look, mien, and emotion, instantly into another company." Yet, adds Cibber, •'with all his skill in mimickry and knoM-- ledge of what ought to be done, he never upon the stage could bring it truly into practice, but was on the whole a languid, unaft'ecting actor" (' Apology '). T. Parnell made Estcourt the subject of a poem. See, also, Chetwood's 'History of the Stage,' Hitchcock's 'Historical View of the Irish Stage,' and Genest's ' Account of the Eng- lish Stage.' Estelle. (1) A character in Marston and WiLLS'S ' Broken Spells ' (g.v.). (2) The heroine of W. S. Gilbert's adaptation of ' Great Expectations' {q.v.). Esther; or, Faith Triumphant. A sacred tragedy, adapted by Thomas Brereton from the 'Esther' of Racine, and printed in 1715. (2) ' Esther,' a sacred drama by John Collett, was printed in 1806. (3) ' Esther, the Royal Jewess ; or. The Death of Haman : ' an historical drama in three acts, by Elizabeth Polack, pro- duced at the Pavilion Theatre, London, March 7, 1835, with Mrs. H. Lewis as Esther, Freer as Hainan, Dibdin Pitt as Ahasuerits, Cobham as Mordecai, and Mrs. Wingi'ove as Vaaldi. Esther Eccles. See Eccles, Esther. Esth er Sandraz. A play in three acts, by Sydney Grundy, founded on Adolphe Belot's ' Ferame de Glace,' and first per- formed at Chicago, U.S.A., on June 3, 18S9, with Mrs. Langtry as Esther; produced at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, London, on June 11, 1SS9, with Miss Amy Roselle in the title part, Arthur Dacre as Henri Vandelle, Fred Terry as Olivier Deschamps, H. Kera- ble as Fourcanarde, Miss Rose Leclercq as Mdme. Fourcanarde, Miss E. Leyshon as Henrietta and C. H. E. Brookfield as Bois- gommeux; revived at the St. James's Theatre on May 3, 1890, with Miss Langtry as Esther, C. Sugden as Vandelle, A. Bourchier as Deschamps, F. A. Everill as Fourcanarde, Mrs. C. Calvert as Mdme. Fourcanarde, and Miss Marion Lea as Henriette; performed at the Madison Square Theatre, New York, in January, 1891. Estie. A character in ' Blue Grass ' (q.v.)- Estifania. Servant to Donna Marga- ritta in Beaumont and Fletcher's ' Rule a Wife and Have a Wife' {q.v.). Estrangred. A comedy-drama in three acts, by H. W. Williamson, first performed at the Globe Theatre, London, August 3, 18S1, with a cast including C. Glenney, C. Groves, H. Astley, T. P. Haynes, *Miss Minnie Bell, etc. Estrella. A comic opera in three acts, libretto by Walter Parke, music bv Lus- combe Searelle, produced at the Prince's Theatre, Manchester, on May 14, 18S3, with Miss Constance Loseby in the title part, Mrs. Sallie Turner as Tartarella, Aynsley Cook as Count Pomjjoso di Vesuvio, G. Temple as Signor Phylloxera, Arnold Breedon as ,S('^- nor Lorenzo, and H. De Lange as Major Doino; performed, with the same cast, at^ the Gaiety Theatre, London, on May 24 in the same year ; played in the English pro- vinces in 1884, with a company including Mdlle. D'Anka (followed by Miss Dora Wiley), Arnold Breedon, and Georgf< Temple. Esty, Alice. Vocalist and actress born near Boston, U.S.A. ; made her d^bw. in the United Kingdom, in opera in English- at Belfast, as Michaela in ' Carmen.' Shi; was the first representative of Annabel ii Goring Thomas's ' Golden Web ' (1893). He : repertory includes Elvira in 'Don Giovanni,- the Countess in ' Le Nozze de Figaro,' Derthi in 'Le Prophete,' Rosi7ia in ' H Barbiere Elsain 'Lohengrin,' Venusin 'Tannhauser, Juliet in ' Romeo et Juliette,' Desdemo7ia i] 'Otello,'etc. Ete de St. Martin (L'). See Squir; Humphrey and AVhite Lie. : Eternal Masculine (The). A dm logue by Horace Newte, Terry's Theatr-i London, March 8, 1898. Ethais. A fairy, with mortal counte' part, in Gilbert's ' Wicked World' (q.v.).'' Ethel, Agrnes. Actre.ss ; appeared ii the following roles at the Fifth Avenue Ih' atre. New York, between August, 1869, a.v' March, 1872 -.—Rosie Fanquehere in ' PlaV Lena in ' Dreams,' and Jessie Bellm ' Dad(! Gray ' [of all of which she was the fir representative in America] ; Gilberte in .■ Daly's version of ' Frou-Frou,' and Fernan-', in his adaptation of Sardou's play [in bov of which she was the "original"]; OUv (and afterwards Viola) in 'Twelfth Nigh Hero in ' Much Ado about Nothing,' Rosa. in ' She Would and She Would Not,' La\ Priory in ' Wives as they Were,' Constat.. in ' The Love Chase,' Julia in ' The Hunc back,' Maritana in 'Don C-esar de Baza and Leonie in ' Checkmate ; or, A Duel ' Love ' {(J.V.). In October, 1872, she appear; at the Union Square Theatre, New York, the heroine of Sardou's ' Agnes '(g.r.), whi' had been written specially for her. "So afterwards," says an American writer, "s' married and retired from the stage. S emerged from that retirement once— Octol ■ 4, 1875— to open the Brooklyn Theatre." Ethel's Ileveng;e. A play in four ac . adapted by Walter Stephens from Quid;; novel ' Strathmore,' and first performed i the Court Theatre, London, on Septembe , 1876. — ' Ethel's Test : ' a comedietta in t'> acts, by H. W. Williamson, first perforn I at the Strand Theatre, London, March j 1883. ETHELBERTA EUGENE ARAM Ethelberta. A character in Jerning- HAM's ' Siege of Berwick ' (q.v.). Ethelinda. Niece of Osivald in Hill's 'Athelwold' (q.v.). Ethelstan; or, The Battle of Bru- nanburh. A dramatic clironicle in five acts, by George Darley (q.v.), performed in 1841. See Athelstan, Ethelstane. Son of Beltjert in * The Appeal' (g. I'.). Ethelswida, in Home's 'Alfred' (q.v.), is betrothed to the King. Ethel-wald, in ' A Knack to Know a Knave' (q.v.), is nephew to King Edgar of England, who sends him as his proxy to woo Alfrida. Ethelwald a,n(\. Alfrida, however, fall in love with each other. Their story is told in Ravenscroft's ' Edward and Alfrida' (1667), Rymer's ' Edgar ' (1677), Hill's ' Elfrid ' (1710), and Mason's 'Elfrida' (1752)— all of which see. Etherdown, Mrs. A character in Mrs. Sheridan's ' Dupe ' (q.v.). Etheregre, G-eorge. Knight, diplo- matist, and di'amatist, born circa 1634-5 ; died at Paris, 1690 or 1691 ; was employed in embassy-work by Charles II. in the Netherlands and by James II. in Germany. Marrying a lady of fortune, he was knighted. He was the author of three comedies—' The Comical Revenge ; or, Love in a Tub ' (1664), •She Would if She Could* (166S), and 'The Man of Mode; or. Sir Fopling Flutter' (1676)— all of which see. See also Dry den's Epistle to Etherege (No. IX.), Rochester's reference to him in 'The Session of the Poets,' and No. 51 of 'The Spectator' (Steele) ; likewise, Cienest's ' English Stage,' the ' Biographia Britannica,' and E. W. Gosse's ' Seventeenth - Century Studies.' Editions of the comedies appeared in 1704, 1715, and 1735. The ' Works,' including plays and poems, were edited by A. W. Verity, with an introduction, in 1S8S. "No doubt," says A. W. Ward, " Moli^re and other French dramatists with whose works Etherege was familiar had initiated Mm into the uses of a light and graceful style. But he not the less deserves credit for having, as he proceeded, modelled his diction not on the traditions of the ex- hausted English stage, but on the conver- sation of the society in which he lived, although no doubt animating his dialogue by more wit than that conversation can be supposed to have habitually displayed. He wrote as a man of the world for men and women of the world, who flocked to his plays to see themselves in his comic mirror, and pointed the way to the style of English comedy of which Congreve afterwards shone as the acknowledged master" ('English Dramatic Literature '). Etliwald. A tragedy in two parts, by Joanna Baillie (([.v.), printed in 1S02. Etiquette. A comedy by C E. Howells, Alexandra Theatre, Walsall, March 1, ISSO. See English Etiquette. Etoile (Ti'.) See Merry Monarch and Stars and Garters. Eton Boy (Th.e). A farce by Edward Mortox (q.v.), first performed at Drury Lane, October 29, 1842, with C. J. Mathews, Keeley, Mrs. Stirling (Fanny), and Mrs. Selby in the cast. Fanny masquerades as her cousin Tom, " the Eton boy." Etourdi (L')- See Sir Martin Mar- RALL and School for Guardians. Etrangrere (L'). A drama in four acts, by A. Dumas fils (1876), translated by E. L. Blanchard, and first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on June 3, 1876, with Miss Helen Barry as Mrs. Clark- son, Miss H. Hodson as the Duchesse de Septnionts, Miss Emily Thorne as the Mar- quise de Rumitres, Miss Blanche Henri as Mdme. D'Ernelines, Hermann Vezin as the Due de Septmonts, C. Harcourt as Mr. Clark- son, H. Howe as Moriceau, and Clifford Cooper as Dr. Remonin. See American, The. Etre aime ou mourir. See Dying FOR Love. Euanthe. The heroine of Home's ' Agis'(.7.y.). Euchred. A play by Charles Vogt, performed in U.S.A. Eudemus. A character in Jonson's 'Sejanus' (q-v.). Eudes. Duke of Aquitaine in Grattan's 'Ben Nazir ' (q.v.) Eudocia, the Empress in Massinger's 'Emperor of the East' (q.v.), figures also in Lee's 'Theodosius' (7.^). — Eudocia, in Hughes's ' Siege of Damascus ' (q.v.), is daughter of Ewnenes. Eudora. A tragedy by William Hay- ley (herman " (characterized by Lawrence Button as "one of the most droll and original dramatic conceptions of modern times"), and G. H. Knight and R. S. C. Goodwin in other rdles. This piece has been represented in America over five thousand times. It M'as performed by an American company at the Royal Court Theatre, Liver- pool, in June, 1883, and revived at Four- teenth Street Theatre New York, in Oc- tober, 1885, with Miss Irene Verona in the title part and J. A. Mackay as Leblanc. (2) A burlesque in two acts, libretto by G. Cheever Goodwin, music by E E. Rice, Garden Theatre, New York, October, 1896. — Mrs. Bateman {q.v.) wrote a drama on the subject of Longfellow's poem. See Erratic Evangeline. Evans, Sebastian. Co-author, with Frank Evans, of a translation of Pailleron'.s 'Le Monde oii Ton s'Ennuie' called 'Cul- ture' {q.v.). Evans, Sir Hug-h. A Welsh parson in ' The Merry Wives of Windsor ' {q.v.). Evanthe. Wife of Valerio in Flet- cher's ' Wife for a Mont'i ' {q.v.). Eve. A drama in three acts, adapted by Benjamin Webster, jun., from the 'Gabrielle' of Augier {q.v.), and produced at the Adelphi Theatre, London, on May 31, 1869, with Miss Furtado in the title part, and other rdles by B. Webster. H. Neville, J. G. Taylor, and Mrs. Alfred Mellon. Eve. One of the heroines of H. F. CiiORLEY's 'Old Love and New Fortune' {q.v.). Eve of Marriage (The). See Great Tkmi'tation, a. Evelina. The heroine of Mason's- 'Caractacus' {q.v.). Eveline, Lady. Wife of Sir Walter Ain.i/ott in LovELL's 'Wife's Secret' {q.v.). (2) Eveline is the heroine of Lord Lvlton's 'Rightful Heir' {q.v.). Evelyn, Alfred. The hero of Lord Lytton's ' Money ' {q.v.). " To the part of Evelyn," says Lady Pollock, " Macready gave a distinction of manner and an eleva- tion of character whiclj lent a particular interest to the play." Evelyn, John. Miscellaneous writer^ born 16-iO, died 170G ; author of a 'Diary,' edited by Bray in 1818 and by John Forster iu 1857, in which there are many references to the stage of his day. He appears to have written some plays, which he read to Pepys, and which that brother-diarist thought " very good," though not so good as their author conceived them to be. Evening- Dress, by W. D. Howells, was first performed at the Empire Theatre, New York, March 27, 1894. Evening-'s Intrig-ue (An). A comedy, translated by Captain .John Stevens from the Spanish, and printed in 1709. EVENING'S LOVE 472 EVERY MAN IN HIS HUMOUR Evening-'s Love (An) ; or, The Mock Astrolog-er. A comedy adapted by John Dryden (g.r.) from T. Corneille's 'Le Feint Astrologue ' (itself taken from Calderon), with some obligations to ' Le Depit Amoureux' of Moliere ; performed at the Theatre Koyal in 16G8, and printed in 1671 with the following' cast :— Hart as Wildblood, Mohun as Bella my, Shatterel as Maskal (their servant), Wintershall as Don Alonzo, Burt as Don Lopez, Nell Gwynn as Jacinta, Mrs. Bowtell as Theodosia, Mrs. Quin (and afterwards Mrs. Marshall) as Aurelia, Mrs. Knepp as Beatrix. Ever Faitliful. A drama in five acts, by Edward Darbev, Hastings, July, 1S;5 ; Holborn Theatre, London, January 4, 1SS6. Everard, Edward Cape. Actor, born 1755 ; author of ' Memoirs of an Un- fortunate Son of Thespis, being a sketch of the Life of Edward Cape Everard, comedian, twenty-three years of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane ' (1818). Everard, Harriette Emily [Mrs. Darley Beswicke]. Vocalist and actress, born 1814, died 1882 ; made her professional dJbut at Exeter in 1860. She was in the original cast of ' Princess Primrose ' at the Olympic Theatre, London, in litWj. Among other parts played by her in London were Mrs. Major de Boots in 'The Widow Hunt' (1875) and Mrs. 0' Kelly in ' The Shauglnaun ' (1875). She was the first representative of Little BiMercupin 'U.^l.S.I'inaifore' {Opeva Comique, 1878). Everdene, Bathsheba. The heroine of Hardy and Carr's ' Far from the Mad- ding Crowd' (q.v.). Evergreen. (1) A comedy in two acts, by AV. H. Pollock, adapted from 'Le R(^veil du Lion* of MM. Jaime and Bayard, and first performed at the Haymarket The- atre, London, on August 9, 1884, with C. Brookfield as Stanislas de FonUanche. See ROLSED Lion. (2) A play by Mrs. Burton Harrison, first performed at the Schiller Theatre, Chicago, October 9, 1893. Everg-reen, Sir William, is one of the 2)ersonce in BUCKSTONE'S ' Rough Dia- mond' (g.«.). — Adonis and Dick Ecergreen are father and son in C. J. Mathews's 'My Awful Dad' (7. r.). Everill, Frederick Aug-nstus. Actor, born 1829, died Felnniary, 1900 ; made his professional debut afRxde, Isle of Wisht, July 12, 1852, as Baron 'Steinfort in ' The Stranger.' He began his London career in June, 1870, at the Haymarket, appearing as Felix Trimmer in ' A Cure for Love ' Later in the same year he was the original Chriisal in 'ThePalace of Truth '(7. r.). InlsTlatthe same theatre he appeared as Tmichxtonp ; in 1878 he was seen there as .SV>- Tuhii Belch. During an engagement with Miss Litton in 1879-81 he played Boniface in 'The Beaux' Stratagem' (Imperial), and Lofty in 'The Good-natured Man ' (Gaiety). He was in the first casts of the following (and other) plays : — ' The Lord of the Manor ' (1880), ' Enemies * (1886), ' Lady Barter ' (1891), ' Agatha Tvlden* (1892), ' Bogey ' (1895), and ' The Only' Way ' (1899). Between 1882 and 1891 he was seen in London as Adam in 'As You Like It,' Enobarbas in ' Antony and Cleopatra,' Sir Oliver Surface, Colonel Damas, Dr. Sutcliffe (in ' School '), and other standard rdles. Eversfield, Henry. Actor, died 1896; played Ralph Backstraicin the 'Children's ' ' Pinafore " Company ' at the Opdra Comique, London, in 1879, and on tour in 1880. Among the characters of which he was subsequently the first representative were Jemmy in 'Nita's First' (1883), Cis Farringdon in ' The Schoolmistress ' (1885), Reginald Paul- over in ' The Magistrate (1S86), lAeut. Darby in 'Dandy Dick' (1887), and Dick Hammond in ' The Derby Winner ' (1894). In 1888-9 he was in America, where he was in the first cast of ' A Gold Mine' {q.v.). Everyman. A "treatise how the hye fader of heven sendeth dethe to somon every creature to come and gyve a counte of theyr lyves in this worlde, and is in maner of a morall playe ; " printed apparently several times between 1500 and 1537 ; re- printed in Hawkins' ' Origin of the English Drama,' in Hazlitt's edition of Dodsley's Plays, and in 1902 with preface by F. Sidg- wick. See also the edition of Goedeke (Hanover, 1865), and Ward's 'English Dramatic Literature' (1899). It was per- formed, under the auspices of the Eliza- bethan Stage Society, at the Charterhouse, London, on July 13, 1901, with Miss Douglas Reynolds as Everyman, and at the Imperial Theatre, London, in June and July, 1902. It was afterwards represented in the United States by a company headed by Miss Edith Wynne Matthison. Every Man for Himself. A drama in five acts, by May Holt (Mrs. Fairbairn), first performed at Great Yarmouth on June 22, 1885, and produced at the Pavilion Theatre, London, on October 24 in that year. Every Man in his Humour. A comedy in five acts (and a prologue), by Ben JONSON {q.v.), first performed in 1598 at the Globe Theatre and by "the Lord Chamber- lain's servants," including Shakespeare, Burbage, Condell, Hemings, Kemp, A. Phillips, W. Sly, T. Pope, C. Beeston, and J. Duke. Proving a success, the play was printed and published in 1601. " This first version, however, was Italian-scened, and Italian-charactered as far as names went. Our present version was first published in the folio of 1616, and, as shown by internal evidence, was written about or in 1606. Besides that the scene is changed to England, and the characters are English- named, many of the speeches are altered, some omitted, and some added, the acts and scenes re-arranged, and some of the latter transposed" (Brinsley Nicholson). According to Downes, the comedy was revived at the Theatre Royal between 1663 and 1682. It was again revived " with EVERY MAN IN HIS HUMOUR 473 EVERY ONE HAS HIS FAULT alterations," at Lincoln's Inn Fields in January, 1725, with Hippesleyas Kitely, Hall as Bohadil, Spiller as JJrainuonn, W. Bullock as Stephen, Quin and Ryan as Knoivell, sen, and jun., Walker as Wellbred, Bullock as Clement, Egleton as Marwit, Hulett as Downright, Mrs. Bullock as Mrs. Kitely, Mrs. Moffet as Clara, and ^Mrs. Butcher as Lucinda. In November, 1751, Garrick pro- duced the piece at Drury Lane, fitting it with a new prologue, and himself playing Kitely to the Bohadil of Woodward, the Brainivorm of Yates, the Stephen of Shuter, the old Knowell of Berry, the Wellbred of Palmer, the Matthew of Vaughan, the Doivnriyht of Winstone, the Mrs. Kitely of Mrs. Ward, and the Tib of Mrs. Cross. See the accounts of the performance given by Davies, Murphy, and Wilkinson. Revivals took place sub- sequently at Covent Garden, October, 1762, with Smith as Kitely ; Drury Lane, October, 1767, with King as Bobadil, Dodd as Stephen, Baddeley as Brainivorm, and Mrs. Baddeley as Mrs Kitely ; at Drury Lane, January, 1778, with Henderson as Bobadil; at Covent Garden, October, 1779, with Wroughton as Kitch/, Lee Lewes as Bobadil, and Mrs. Bulkt'ley as Mrs. Kitely ; at the same theatre, May, 1798, with Ilolman as Kitely, Munden as Clonrnt ; at the same theatre, December, 1800, with Cooke as Kitely ["con- sidered his best character after Jayo"], Fawcett as Bobadil, INIuiiden as Brain- worm, and Emery as Clemmt ; at Drury Lane, December, 1802, with Bannister, jun., as Bobadil. R. I'almer as Braintcorm, and Suett as Cliiiient ; at the same theatre in June, 1816, witli E(hnund Kean as Kitely, Ilarley as Bobmlil, Oxberry as Stephen, Wallack as Wellbred, etc. ; and at Covent Garden, May, 1825, with Young as Kitely, W. Farren as Brainivorm, Keeley :ts Mattliew, Blanchard as Clement, and .Mrs. Chatterley as Mrs. Kitely. In Septeml)er, 1845, a private performance of ' Every Man in his Humour' was given in Miss Kelly's Theatre, Soho, under the direction of Charles Dickens i<].v.), who himself played Bobadil, supported in the other parts "by Douglas Jerrold, John Forster, Mark Lemon, G. k Beckett, John Leech, Frank Stone, etc. The success of this representation "speedily led to a repetition, and afterwards to many other performances for public and charitable objects." [See Mrs. Cowden Clarke's ' Re- collections of Writers.'] "'Every Man in his Humour,'" says A. W. Ward, "is justly recognized by most critics as a work which is not only one of the happiest efforts of its author, but also holds a place peculiar to itself in our dramatic literature. It may, in a word, be regarded as the first important comedy of character proper produced on the English stage. ... A further literary signi- ficance attaches to it from the fact "that a large proportion of it is in prose, for which Jonson, following the example of Lyly, thus asserted a right on the comic stage Avhich was in the end to become a prerogative. . . . Taking advantage of the prevailing fancy for applying the terra ' humour' to oddities or novelties of conduct, manners, or fashion," Jonson " with the help of this word classifies a series of dramatic figures whose mental or moral characteristics, themselves decisively marked, stand out still more distinctly by the force of contrast. The plot which holds the action together is indeed slight— perhaps too slight — but it serves ; and, so far as has been ascertained, it is perfectly original" (' English Dramatic Literature '). Every Man out of his Humour. A comedy in five acts (with an induction and an epilogue), by Ben Jonson (q.v.), first performed in 1599 at the Globe and by the Lord Chamberlain's company [see above]. " On one occasion Queen Elizabeth honoured its performance by her jjresence, and Jonson took the opportunity to alter the epilogue to one highly panegyrical, with which her Majesty appears to have been duly pleased" (Nicholson). The play was printed and published in 1601. It was revived, with a prologue and epilogue written by Duffet, at the Theatre Royal in 1675, and again in 1682. Dr. A. W. Ward says of the comedy : " Some of their author's peculiar merits as a dramatist shine at least as conspicuously in ' Every Man out of his Humour ' as in its predecessor ; and from both a biographical and a critical point of view the later play may perhaps lay claim to even superior interest. . . . The central idea of the play may be termed a philosophical one : viz. that every humour is curable by its own excess. ... In the Induction, designed to make clear tlie author's standpoint to the audience, he introduces a poet, Afsper, who discourses on his aims as a writer ; and we are likewise made acquainted with two critics, Cordatus and Mitis, who accom- pany the entire progress of the play with a running comment of observations. The action of the play itself is slight, but suf- ficient for its purpose. . . . The strength of the play, of course, lies in the characters. All these are drawn to the life, so that the whole presents a picture of manners as well as of character unsurpassed in its vivacity and truthfulness." From Asper in this play we receive Jonson's definition of the word " humour " as used by him — " When some one peculiar quality Doth so possess a man that it doth draw All his effects, his spirits, and his powers, In their confluxions, all to run one way. This may be truly said to be a humour." Every One has his Fault. A comedy in five acts, by Mrs. Inchbald, first per- formed at Covent Garden on January 29, 1793, with Farren as Lord Xorland, Mrs. Pope as Lady Eleanor Jriviu, Pope as Irwin, Lewis as ,SiV Robert Ramble, Mrs. Esten as Miss Woobnrn, Munden as Harmony, Quick as Solus, Fawcett as Placid, ^Irs. Mattocks as Mrs. Placid, and Mrs. Webb as Miss Spinster. Lord Norland is angry with his daughter Eleanor for marrying Irwin, but is eventually reconciled to both. Sir Robert marries Miss Wooburn, is false to her, is divorced from her, and in the end marries her again. The authoress received £700 for the copyright of this piece, which was I EVERY WOMAN IN HER HUMOUR 474 EXCELSIOR revived at Drury Lane Theatre in 1842, with S. Phelps as Lord Xorlaml, and at Sadler's Wells in 1S45, with H. Marston and Mrs. Warner in the principal parts. Every "Woman in lier Humour. (1) An anonymous comedy, printed in 1609. (2) A farce in two acts, performed at Urury Lane in March, 1760, with Kitty Clive (to whom the authorship has been ascribed) in the principal role, supported by :\Iiss :Mack- lin, Miss Pritchard, King, Yates, Moody, etc. See Genest. Everybody Mista^ken. A farce by William Taverner {q.v-), performed at Lincoln's Inn Fields in March, 1706. Everybody's Friend. A comedy in three acts, by Stirling Coyne {q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, Lon- don, on April 2, 1859, with J. B. Buckstone as Major Welliiu/tou de Boots, C. J. Mathews as Feiix Featherly, H. Comptou as Frank Jcehrook, Mrs. C J. Mathews as Mrs. Featherly, Mrs. Wilkins as Mrs. De Boots, and Miss Reynolds as 3[rs. Swansdoicn (a widow). Henry ^Nlorley then described the piece as consisting mainly of original variations upon ;Murphy's ' Way to Keep Him' (q.v.). Rewritten, with the part of the Major strengthened for J. S. Clarke, the piece was produced at the Haymarket in October, 1867, under the title of 'The Widow Hunt' (q.v.), and with Clarke in the part which he had elaborated in America. ' Everybody's Friend ' was performed at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York, in Novem- ber, 1869, with J. Lewis as the Major, and again in 1872 and 1874. Everybody's Husband. A farce in one act, adapted by Richard Ryan from ' Le Mari de Toutes Jes Femmes,' and per- formed at the Queen's Theatre, London, in February, 1831, with a cast including Green in the title part (Alexis Tu-isselton), and Mrs. Glover as a boarding-house mis- tress with histrionic aspirations. Everyday TMan (An). A play by Marguerite Meringtox, performed in U.S.A. EveryounR-, Sir John. A character in Sedley'S ' :\Iulberry Garden ' (q. v.). Evesson, Isabella. Actress; was seen at Boston, U.S.A., in 1SS7-8 as ifolly Van Derveer in 'The Dominic's Daughter,' Mrs. Mildmay in ' Still Waters Run Deep,' Dora in ' Diplomacy,' the heroine of Bu- chanan's ' Sophia,' Sheha in ' Dandy Dick,' etc. Eviction (Tbe). A drama in three acts. In Hubert O'Grady, first performed at Glasgow in .January, ISSO : produced at the Standard Theatre on August 9 of the same year. Evil Eye (The). (1) A play by R. B. PEAKE(<;?.r.), produced at the Olympic The- atre, London, 1841-44. (2) A comic opera. performed at Theatre Royal, Leicester on April 21, 1876. Evil G-enius (The). (1) A comedv by Bayle Bernard (q.v.), first performed at the Haymarket Theatre, London, on 3Iarch 8, 1856, with W. H. Chippendale as Uill Cooler, J. B. Buckstone as Tom Ripstom, H. Compton as Joe Withers, Miss Reynolds as Lady Aurora Ringivood, and Miss Swan- borough as Clara Fielding. (2) A drama in five acts, by Wilkie Collins (q.v.), first performed at the Vaudeville Theatre, Lon- don, on October 30, 1885. Evil May Day (The); or, The London 'Prentices of 1517- A melo- drama in two acts, by W. S. Emden (q.v.), founded on historic fact, and first performed at the City of London Theatre, May 1, 1837. with Mrs. Emden as Margery. Ewald, Alexander Charles. Mis- cellaneous writer ; edited, with notes, the plays of Congreve (1887). and, with memoir and notes, the plays of Farquhar (1892). Examiner of Plays (The). An employe in the office of the Lord Chamber- lain, by whom the appointment to the post is made, and to whom alone the Examiner is responsible. The first occupant of the position seems to have been a Mr. Larpent. who, after performing the duties for nearly twenty years, was followed, in 1824, by George Colman the younger (q. v.). Colman, dying in 1S36, was succeeded by Charles Kemble (i,(»K, written maiidy in rhymed verse, and printed in 1G7D. "The whole of it is a satire on the Church and doctrines of Rome " (Genest). Excursion Train (The). A farcical comedv in three acts, adapted bv JrsTiN H. M'Carthv, :m.P., and W. Yardlev from ' liC TYain de Plaisir ' of Alfred Henne- quiii, Arnold Mortier, and Albert de Saint All)in, and first performed at the Oi)era Comiciue Theatre, London, April 6, 188;'), with a cast including Jlavid James, F. W. Irish, W. Scott Buist, E. W. Gardiner, W. Lestucq, Miss Cicely Richards, Miss Lucy Buckstone, and Miss Helen Forsyth. Executioner (The). A drama in three acts, adapted l>y T. J. Thackeray from the Frencii of Pixcreconrt, and performed at the Coburg 'J'lieatre, London, in ls2S. Executioner's Daug-hter (The). A play in one act, by Alicia Ramsey and Rudolph de Cordova, Gaiety Theatre, Hastings, April 6, 1S96 ; produced at the Royalty Theatre, London, on April 16, 1S06, as ' Monsieur de Paris,' Mith Miss Violet Vanbrugh in the title part (Jacinta), and other roles by Mrs. H. Leigh, H. Vibart, and M. Kinghorne. Exeter. The theatrical history of this city ajipears to have begun in 1749, when a playhouse of some sort was erected in Waterbeer Street. In connection with the career of this building the names of William Dowton (q.v.) and of J. Foote (the father of Maria Foote, q.L\) are mentioned ; but little else is recorded of it. In October, 17S7, a new theatre was opened in Bedford Circus, under the management of Hughes and Tre- raan. Of its first season the "stars" were Stephen Kemble and his wife ; in 1789-90 it was dignified by a visit from Mrs. Siddons, then in the heyday of her powers. In 1794 Huglies gave way to a 3Ir. Barrett, but re- turned to management in 1796. In ISOO he again retired, this time in favour of a Mr. Sandford, but before long once more re.sumed his old position. Master Betty played an engagement in 180.5, and in 1806 Charles Kemble and his wife were seen. In 1811 Edmund Kean, then only twenty- three, made so favourable impression upon the Exeter public that he was promptly engaged for three years, during which he undertook a long series of leading roles. Leaving Exeter in 1814, Kean came back to it in 1816 as a " star." He was followed, in the course of the next few years, by Maria Foote and Miss O'Neil. Towards the end of 1819 the theatre was reconstructed and redecorated, only to fall a victim to fire in the following March. It was replaced by a new building in January, 1821. In June, 1823, Hughes retired from the direction, taking a farewell benefit, at which Dowton appeared. The year 1824 was made memor- able by Macready's first professional visit to the city. See W. Cotton's 'Story of the Drama' in Exeter. Exile (The). (1) A "melo-dramatic opera" in three acts, words by Frederick Reynolds, music by Mazzinghi, performed at the Haymarket in November, 1808, with Mrs. H. Johnston as Alexina, Pope as Count Ulrick, Young as Daran, and Munden, Liston, Mrs. Gibbs, etc., in other roles. This piece was founded on ' Elizabeth,' a novel by Mdme. Cottin. It has for heroine Alexina, tlie daughter of Count Ulrick, who has been banished for State reasons to Sil)eria. Alexina, journeying to Moscow to l)eg for the Count's pardon, is protected on the way by an Indian, calling himself Daran. She secures the pardon, but, owing to circumstances, is forced into a marriage with Daran, who, however, happily proves to be her lover, Romanoff, in disguise. The play has been performed' of late years under the title of ' The Exiles of Siberia,' which was revived at the Adelphi in March, 1874, with -Miss Genevieve Ward as Alexina. (2) A drama in three acts, by J. Holmes Grove R, Elephant and Castle Theatre, London, August 9, 1879. Exiles of Erin (The); or, St. Abe and his Seven Wives. A (hama of Mormon life, in four acts and seven tableaux, by Robert Buchanan (7.1-.% first performed at the Olympic Theatre, London, Mav 7, 1881, with a cast including Miss Harriett Jay, Miss Letty Lind, W. Reimund, W. Mclntyre, H. St. Maur, S. Calhaem, etc.— ' The Exile of Erin : ' a play by Arthur Treloar, performed in U.S.A. Exiles of Siberia (The). A plav bv SCOTT Marble, performed in f.S.A. See Exile, Theci). Existence Decoloree (Une). See Blighted Being. Exit by Mistake. A comedy in three acts, by R. F. Jameson, performed at the Haymarket in July, 1816. I EXPERIMENT 476 EZEKIEL Experiment (The). (1) A comedy in two acts, ascribed to Charlvs Stvart, and performed at Covent Garden in April, 1777. (2) A farce by Charles Murray, printed in 1779. Expiation. (1) A play in three acts, by James Mortimer, first performed at Grover's Theatre, Washington, U.S.A., De- cember, 1865. (2) A drama in a prologue and three acts, by E. Manuel, Britannia Theatre, London, June 5, 1876. Exposition (The). A " Scandinavian sketch, containing as much irrelevant matter as possible," in one act, by Shirley BROOK.S ((7. r.), first performed at the Strand Theatre, London, on April 28, 1851, with John Reeve and J. Rogers as Thor and Balder respectively, Romer as Heimdall, Mrs. C. Horsman as Freya, Miss M. Taylor as Snowtm. Extractio Animarum ab Inferno. One of the Towneley Plays (q.i\). Extraordinary Behaviour of Mrs. Jallowby (The). A farcical comedy in three acts, by Clive Brooke, Novelty The- atre, London, December IS, 1896. Extreraes; or, Men of the Day. A comedy in three acts, by Ed:\iund Falconer (q.v.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on August 26, 1S58, with the author as Frank Hawtlwrne, ]Mrs. Charles Young as Lucy Vavasour, Mrs. Wallis as Mrs. Vavasour, Mrs. Weston as Mrs. Wildhriar, Emery as Robin Wildbriar, and other parts by F. Charles and James Rogers ; revived at the City of London The- atre in 1859. A fortune is willed to Haiv- thorne if, within six months, he marries Lucy, to whom, in the event of his refusal, it will revert. Fearing she does not love him, he declines the alliance, whereupon Lucii avows her love, and all goes well. The ' ' extremes " illustrated are those of aristocracy and plutocracy. (2) ' Extremes : ' a play of New York life, produced in that city at the Broadway Theatre in 1850. Extremes Meet. A comedietta by Kate Fjeld {q.v.), St. James's Theatre, London, March 12, 1S77. Eyes and No Eyes ; or. The Art of Seeing-. A vaudeville, words by \V. S. Gilbert, music by T. German Reed, founded on the leading idea in Hans Andersen's story of 'The Emperors Clothes,' and first performed at St. George's Hall, London, on July 5, 1S75, with Mrs. German Reed as 2sicolette, Miss F. Holland as Culombine, Miss L. Braham as Clochette, Alfred Reed as Cassandre, Corney Grain as Pierrot, and Alfred Bishop as Arlequin. See OXCE upon a Time. Eyes, Nose, and Mouth. A panto- mime by E, L. Blanchard (q.v.), brought out at the Marylebone Theatre at Christmas, 1847, with Tom IMatthews as clown. Eyre, Jane. See Jane Eyre. Eyre, Sophie [real name, Ryan]. Actress, born in Tipperary, 1853, died at Naples in October, 1892 ; " made her pro- fessional debut at the Cliaring Cross The- atre, London, on June 10, 1876, in ' My Niece and My Monkey' (q.v.). From 1877 to 18S2 she was employed mainly in the provinces, returning to London in the last- named year to "create," at the Adelphi, Lady Anne in 'The Kingmaker' {q.v.) and Elizabeth Woodville in 'The Double Rose' (q.v.). Other characters of which she was subsequently the first representative in London were Julia in 'Love and Money' (1882), Suleima in ' Freedom ' (1883), Esther in ' A Sailor and his Lass ' (1883), Lucy in 'A Run of Luck' (1886), Lady Althea in ' The Witch' (1887), Sitocris in the play so named (1887), Hose in 'The Love that Kills' (1888), Mrs. Stanhope in 'Tares' (18s8), Marina in the play so named (18SS), and A yesha in ' She ' (1888). ;Miss Eyre was also seen in London, or elsewhere in Eng- land, as Lady Macbeth, Paulina ('The Winter's Tale'), Lady Teazle, Julia ('The Hunchback'), Constance ('The Love Chase'), Lady Clancarty, Peg Wojfington and Mabel Vane ('Masks and Faces'), Sance Oldjield, Mirza (' The Palace of Truth '), Galatea in Gilbert's play, Louise (' Frou-Frou '), etc. In 1884-6 she was in America, where she figured as Mrs. Pinchbeck in ' Home,' Zicka in ' Diplomacy,' Claire in ' Le Maitre de Forges,' Vere Herbert in ' Moths,' etc. Ey tinge, Rose. Actress ; was seen in New York in 1875 as Lady Macbeth, and in 1877 as Cleopatra. Among other notable parts played by her in the United States are those of Rose Michel, Miss Multon, Gabrielle in ' The Geneva Cross,' Armande in 'Led Astray,' May Edwards in 'The Ticket-of-Leave Man,' Zoe in ' The Octoroon,' and the heroine of ' Griffith Gaunt.' In 1878 she figured at the Olympic Theatre, London, as Nancy Sikes in a version by Cyril Searle of ' Oliver Twist ' (q.v.). Ezechias in English. A play by Nicholas Udall {q.v.), acted before Queen Elizabeth at Cambridge in August, 1564. It was "handled," we read, " by King's College men onlye." Ezekiel. One of the Chester Plays (q.v.). fabp:ll FADETTE P I Fabell, Peter. The hero of "The MeiTv Devil of Edmonton" (q.v.), saiil to have "been a real individual who lived in the reign of Henry VII. "Some," says Fuller, " make hun a forger, others a lay gentleman, all a conceited person, who by his merry devices deceived the devil." Fabian. A Creole, the hero of J. V. Briugma.n's 'lilack Doctor ' (q.v.). Fabricator (The). A play by Walter Stokes Craven, Union Square Theatre, New York, June 6, 1892. Fabricio. Father of Inahella in Mid- DLETon's ' Women beware Women' (q.v.). Fanade. An architect in Slous' ' Light and Shadow' (q.v.). Face. The housekeeper in Jonso.n'S ♦Alchemist' (q.v.). Face at the "Window (The). A drama in four acts, by F. Brooke Warren, Regent Theatre, Salford, July 20, 1897 ; West Lon- don Theatre, May 1, 1899. Face in the Moonlig-ht (The). A drama in jirnlogue and tliree acts, by Charles Osisorne, produced at Leeds, October 30, lSi71 ; first performed in America at Buffalo in August, 1892. Face to Face. (1) A drama in two acts, by Gilbert a. Beckett (q.v.), pro- duced at the Prince of Wales's Theatre, Liverpool, March 29, 1869. (2) A comedy in two acts, by E. Haruourn, Chiswick, Sep- tember (5, 1869. (3) A drama by I. Hall, Macclesfield, October 2i, lsi72. (4) A drama by H. J. STANLEY, Dewsbury, April 5, 1875. (5) A drama in four acts, by T. Archer, Marylebone Theatre, May 19, 1877. (6) A drama by H. T. Minns, Birmingham, No- vember 27, 1837. (7) An adaptation by J. A. Frasek, jun., performed in U.S.A. Faces in the Fire. A comedy in three acts, adapted by Leicester Buckingham (q.v.) from the ' Matliilde, on la Jalousie' of Bayard and Laurencin (Paris, 1835), and first performed at the St. James's Theatre. London, February 25, 1865, with a cast including C. J. ^Mathews, F. Robinson, A. Stirling, Miss Herbert, and Mrs. Charles Mathews. Facheux. See Impertinents. Facile, Euclid, in Oxenford's ' Twice Killed ' (q.v.). Facing- the Music. A farcical comedy in three acts, by J. H. Darnley. Prince of Wales's, Liverpool, May 22, 1899 ; Brixton Theatre, June 5, 1»99 ; Strand Theatre, London, February 10, 1900. Factions. A traveller, one of the dis- guises assumed by Mutable (q.v), in ' Cozen- ing '(^y.r.). Factious Citizen (The); or, The Melancholy Visioner. An anonymous play produced at the Theatre Royal in 1684, witfi Underbill and Leigh in the two title parts— Tim o48) at Bur- ton's Theatre, New York, as ' The Toodles,' with Burton as Toof/^t^-s (now called Timothy), and George Jordan as George Acorn. Farmer's Return from London (The). An interlude by David Garrick, first performed at Drury Lane in March, 1762, with the author in the title part (in which he was painted by Zoffiny). "'The plan of it is a humorous description in rhyme given by a farmer to his wife and children, on his return from London, of what he had seen extraordinary in that gTeat metropolis " ('Biographia Draraatica'). The piece was printed in 1762, with a frontispiece designed by Hogarth. Farmer's Story (The). A drama in three acts, by Bayle Bernard (^^.w.), first performed at the Lyceum Theatre, London, on June 13, 1836, with Mrs. Keeley as Mary Lockicood. Farmer's "Wife (The). A comic opera in three acts, by Charles Dibdln, jun., first performed, with music by Bishop, AVelsh, Davy, Reeve, Condell, and Addison, at Covent Garden in February, 1814. Farm-house (The). See Country Lasses, The. Farnie, Henry Broug-ham. Play- wright and journalist, died September, 1889 ; was of Scotch parentage, and began life as a journalist, editing successively the Orchestra, the Paris Times, and Sock and Buskin. He wrote several burlesques, such as 'The Idle Prentice' (1870), 'The Mistletoe Bough ' (1870), ' Blue Beard ' (1875), and ' Robinson Crusoe ' (1886). His chief work, however, was done as an operatic librettist and adapter. In this capacity he wrote the " books " of ' Le Petit Faust' (1S70), 'Breaking the Spell' (lb70), ' The Crimson Scarf ' (1^71), ' L'(F:il Creve ' (1872), ' Fleur de Lys ' (1873), ' The Barber of Bath' (1879), 'Olivette' (18S01, 'La Bou- langere' (1881), 'Manola' (1882), 'Madame Favart' (1382), 'Rip Van Winkle' (1882). FARO TABLE 491 FARREN «La Vie' (1883), 'Nell Gwvnne' (1884), ♦Indiana' (1886), 'The Old Guard' (1887), and ' Paul Jones ' (1889). He was also part- author of several adaptations : with R. Reece, of ' Les Cloches de Corneville' (1878), ' The Mascotte ' (1881), and ' Boccaccio ' (1882); with C. Searle, of 'Venice' (1879); and with H. J. Byron, of 'Frolique' (1882). Faro Table (The). See Gamester, The. Farq.ixhar, Georgre. Dramatic writer, born at Londonderry, 1678, died 1707 ; en- tered Trinity College, Dublin, as a sizar, in 1694, leaving in tlie following year. In Dublin he made his ib-hut as an actor, but, having accidentally stabbed one of his col- leagues, he retired from the stage, and in 1C97-8 went to London. There, at Drury Lane in 1699, was produced his first play— 'Love and a Bottle.' In 1700, Lord Orrery having presented him with a lieutenant's commission, he served in Holland. To the same year belongs 'The Constant Couple,' and to 1701 a sequel to that comedy — ' Sir Harry Wildair.' After these came in suc- cession 'The Inconstant' and 'The Twin Rivals,' both in 1702; 'The Stage Coach' (in which Farquhar collaborated with Motteux) in 1704, ' The Recruiting Officer ' in 1706, and ' The lieaux' Stratagem ' in 1707. In 1702 he published his 'Love and Business,' with a discour.se on comedy. His comedies were printed in 1710. Editions of his plays appeared in 1728, 1742, and 1772, in each case with a hiographic al sketch. A memoir of him was prefixed by Thomas Wilkes to an edition of his woiks published in 177.5. See, also, A. C. Ewald's preface to his edition of the Works (1892). See, further, Chetwood's ' History of the Stage,' Genest's ' English Stage,' and Leigh Hunt's preface to the Works (1840). Hazlitt says of Farquhar : "He somewhere prides himself in having introduced on the stage the class of comic heroes . . . which has since become a standard character, and which represents the warm-hearted, rattle- brained, thoughtless, high-spirited young fellow, who floats on the back of his mis- fortunes without repining, who forfeits ap- pearances but saves his honour ; and he gives us to understand that it was his own. He did not need to be ashamed of it. In- deed there is internal evidence that this sort of character is his own, for it pervades his works generally, and is the moving spirit that informs them. His comedies have on this account probably a greater appearance of truth and nature than almost any others. His incidents succeed one another with rapidity, but without pre- meditation ; his wit is easy and spon- taneous ; his style animated, unembar- rassed, and flowing ; his characters full of life and spirit, and never overstrained so as to ' o'erstep the modesty of nature,' though they sometimes, from haste and carelessness, seem left in a crude, un- finished state. There is a constant ebulli- tion of gay, laughing invention, cordial good humour, and fine animal spirits, in his writings " (' The English Comic Writers '). Farquhar, Gilbert. Actor; made his first professional appearance in 1S83. He was in the first cast of ' Ascot ' (1884), ' Alone in London ' (1885), ' A Woman of the World ' (1886), ' Sophia,' as Squire Allivorthy (1886), ' May and December ' (1887), ' Heart of Hearts ' (18S7), ' Booties' Baby ' (1888), ' The Late Lamented' (1891). ' An Old Jew' (1894), • Jedbury Junior ' (1896), etc. Farr, Florence. Actress ; the original representative of AmaryllLs in Todhunter's ' A Sicilian Idyll' (1890), liebecca in English version of 'Rosmersholm ' (1891), Beatrice in Todhunter's ' The Passion-Flower ' (1891), Blanche in Shaw's ' Widowers' Houses ' (1892), Ladij Brandon in Todhunter's ' Co- medy of Sighs' (1894), Louka in Shaw's ' Arms and the Man' (1894), etc. Farren, Elizabeth [Countess of Derby]. Actress, born 1759, died 1829 ; daughter of a surgeon and apothecary Avho joined a company of strolling players. After play- ing, in the country, a round of juvenile parts, she made her metropolitan debut at the Haymarket on June 9, 1777, as Miss llardcastle, which was followed by her Bosetta in ' Love in a Village.' In the same year she played her first original part— that of Bosina in the manager's ' Spanish Bar- ber." Her first triumph, however, Avas made as Ladi/ Toirnley in 1778. In that year she was seen at Drury Lane, and she continued to act at that theatre, at the Haymarket, and on occasion at Covent Garden, till April 8, 1797. when she made her final appearance in public prior to her marriage to the Earl of Derby on the following May 1st. Among the roles of which she was tl.e first representative were those of Lady Sash in Sheridan's ' Camp,' Cecilia in Miss Lee's ' Chapter of Accidents,' Sophia in Burgoyne's ' Lord of the ^Lanor,' Lady Emily Gayville in the same writer's ' Ileiressi^' Emily in Cumberland's ' Wheel of Fortune,' and the heroine of Holcroft's ' Force of Ridicule.' Her chief successes, however, were made in the standard drama. Her parts in Shakespeare included Ilermione, Olivia ('Twelfth Night'), Portia ('Mer- chant of Venice'), Juliet, Mrs. Ford, Helena (' All's Well that Ends Well'), and Beatrice. Among her other roles were Lady Fanciful, Charlotte Busport, J/rs. Sullen, Angelica (' Love for Love '), Bisarre, Millamant, Statira, Lady Betty Modi.