UC-NRLF B E flEl t,lfl THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Gift of Mrs. Margit Lindholm in memory of her husband former Consul General of Sweden at San Francisco igrtized by the Intef net Archive in 2008 with funding from « IVIicrosoft Corporation Z^RiCE 1/6 iiiiiii!tliiii^^iiiiiiiii; ■ Hiiiiiiniii. ."iiiinKi ^iiiiiiiiiji. '■'i/(f"^'ilii'.i'iii|i|i|||ii(ii, '"iiii „iii Ilk ili!|i|j|l^»"1l!Mllll!(l|i|i'f||||||4illllii|iiit^ PUBLISHED BY JWBEATTIC HO BART. £XA /»-/ "^ e /=( i- ro/v Lufra Hotel Tourists visiting Tasmania should not miss spending a week or a fortnight at Lufra, Eaglehawk Neck. Eaglehawk Neck is recognised as one of the most charming health* resorts of the world, its surround- ings and views eclipsing Colombo. LUFRA HOTEL is built on a cliff overlooking the historical Pirates' Bay, and also the famed "Neck" which w^as so fiercely guarded by blood- hound and shark in the old prison days; and on the Lufra Estate the old ^Military Guard House and Soldiers' Quarters are still to be found. SIGHTS AROUND LUFRA.— Tasman Arch; The Blow Hole; Devil's Kitchen; The Bell Arch; Waterfall Bay; Pulpit Rocks; Tesselated Pavement; Cash's Look-out; Fern Gullies, Waterfalls, and ^lountain Climbs. FISHING AND SHOOTING.— Cray and Real Trumpeter. Fishing- can be got off the rocks, and every facility afforded for Deep Sea handline fishing. EXCELLENT SURF BATHING, two minutes' walk from Lufra Hotel. PORT ARTHUR. — Conveyances leave Lufra every morning after breakfast, returning before dinner, thus allowing visitors plenty of time to see all the places of interest there. FAMILIES from the other States requiring a modern health resort for their children will find in Lufra all that can be desired. There are five miles of a beautiful sandy beach, and every comfort is provided for children — hot and cold baths, plunges or showers, with modern sanitary arrangements throughout. CATERING.— This department has always been OUR SPECIALTY. The "Lufra air" is. an unfailing tonic, and w^e strive to enhance its effect by care and variation of an excellent cuisine; our boast being that our clients leave invariably eating well, drinking well, and sleeping well! HOW TO GET TO LUFRA.— There are two routes— the sea and the overland, ^•'rom December till April steamers leave Hobart daily. The overland route, by train and coach, is also a daily service. There is a good motor road, running through beautiful scenery, all the way to Lufra, and the journey can be done in 2^ hours, TELEPHONE CONNECTION.— Lufra can be rung up at the General Post Office, Hobart, and rooms can be booked. Address all communications — letters and telegrams — to C. Nuroo, Lufra, and prompt attention will be given them. Further information from Tourist Bureau, or Huon, Channel, and Peninsula S.S. Company, Hobart. C. NUROO, Proprietor. A[)\KRTlSmiKXTS, J2 C/5 o 0-8 .. (8 o; > -i-' c O J *T Adverttsemkxts H. C. Heathorn& Co LIMITED. hobart: Motor Garage and Hiring Depot, Macquarie Street (late Ikin's Stables) Motor Garage and Engineering Depot, 39 Campbell Street. launceston: Saul's Motor Garage, Patterson St. We have the MOST UP-TO-DATE FLEET OF HIRE CARS IN THE STATE. Regular Trips to Port Arthur and 111 other PLACES OF INTEREST IN THE STATE. REPAIRS EXECUTED on SHORTEST NOTICE at REASONABLE RATES. Adnkrtisemexts. iii. Ash, Sidwell & Co. Pharmaceutical Chemi^s and Photographic Merchants. 1 02 Elizabeth Street, Hobart. ESTABLISHED OVER HALF A CENTURY. High- Class Drugs and Chemicals ; Patent Medicines ; Homoeo- pathic Remedies ; Perfumery and Toilet Preparations ; Infant and Invalid Requisites : Druggists' Sundries and all kinds of Photographic Material. TELEPHONE: CENTRAL 29. To those who want Quality and Reliability in Cycles. Consult JAMES BILYARD, who has had fourteen years' experience in building all classes of Cycles for Tasmanian Roads MAKER OF THE FAMOUS HAVELOCK CYCLES. Sole Agent for the famous "Triumph," " New Hudson," " Premier," and B.S.A. Motor Cycles. NOTE OUR ADDRESS: James Bilyard, 1 10 Elizabeth St., Hobart. ADN'IvRTISEMICXT Delightful and Attradive Outings BY S.S. Reemere FROM FRANKLIN PIER. SOUTH ARM.— TOURISTS" DAY TRIPS, Wednes- days and Fridays at 9am.; arriving back by 6.30 p.m. Saturday Afternoon Excursions when adver- tised in daily papers. The Famous Roaring Beach. Beautiful Sandy Beaches —A RARE OPPORTUNITY for Shell Collectors. BROWN'S RIVER.— Two Excursions every Sunday (during Summer Months) — Morning at 10. 15 a m. ; Afternoon at 2.30 p m. Fares, Is. Arriving back at 12. 15 p.m and 5.30 p.m Also Dired Route to the historic Port Arthur, via Nubeena. Full Particulars at Touri^ Bureau, or Office, Franklin Pier. Ai:\i:kT[si:MKXTS. "Mount Royal BROWN'S RIVER, Kingston Beach. MRS. J. A BOUTCHARD, Proprietress. 1^ This House contains 35 rooms, replete with every convenience and standing in its own grounds of over 20 acres. It is charmingly situated on tlie clirts, and commands magnificent views of both land and sea. About three minutes walk from the beach, yet com- pletely sheltered from the cold sea breeze. The seclusion and comfort to be derived is. apparept to all who wish to avoid the publicity whicli is unavoidable at an ordinary hotel. TERMS AND ANY INFORMATION REQUIRED ON APPLICATION. Telephone i. vi. Adnkrtisemext Go Overland to Port Arthur Webber, Rometch & Duncan Ltd. (Contra<5\ors to Thos. Cook & Son) run a Service of MOTOR CARS DAILY Throughout the Season. Make inquiries at the Office, 78 MURRAY ST., HOBART. N.B. — Also inquire about the Huon Motor Trip. Tel. 714. Derwent Hotel BRIDGEWATER JUNCTION (Under entirely New Management). Good Shooting. Salmon and Bream Fishing. Boats Free. On direct road from Hobart to Launceston. Only twelve, ^miles from the capital. BILLIARD ROOM. GOOD ACCOMMODATION FOR VISITORS. L. A. STANLEY, Proprietor. Al)\KRTlSEMKXTS. VI 1. The Imperial COLLINS ST., HOB ART. - 150 ROOMS. ELECTRIC LIGHT THROUGHOUT. Centrally situated, within two minutes of the Post Office and Electric Trams, and convenient to Wharves and Railway Station. Public and Family Dining Rooms, Drawing Room, Read- ing and Smoking Rooms, Private Sitting Rooms and Every Convenience for Visitors. NORTH REES, Manager. A n \ • I-: R T . S E M E XTS . Bay Vi lew (Late Wiseman's) Hotel BURNIE 7 . 1 \m} < 1 ¥ AN IDEAL SITUATION OVERLOOK iNG EMU BAY, ELECTRIC LIGHT MOTOR GARAGE 1 eleohone™ No. 27. r^^i J. L, Roberts, Proprietor f Late Huddait Parker Ltd. and U.S.S. Co. Ltd. Advertisements. PICNIC HOTEL, HUONVILLE- Premier Tourist Resort. LUKE PERRY, Proprietor. Hillcre^, ' ' Geeve^on, PRIVATE BOARD AND RESIDENCE Heart of Appleland and Timber Districfls. Starting Point for Hartz Mountains. Ponies and Traps are at the disposal of Visitors, Gratis, thus they may visit the famous Fairy Glen, etc. H. COOPER, Proprietor X. Advertisements. Tasmanian Government Rail ways RETURN TICKETS ARE ISSUED AT EXCURSION FARES on PUBLIC HOLIDAYS, and are available at all time to parties of six or more. No Visitor to Hobart should fail to see the famous RUSSELL- FALLS. Excursions are run daily. Train journey of 43 miles on tho banks of the River Derwent through the lovely Dervvent Valley- Inclusive charge from Hobart for Rail, Coach, and Lunch, 11/6 First Class, 9/4 Second Class. Passengers may Book at the Railway Stations at Hobart, New Town, Moonah, or Glenorchy, or at the Tourist Bureau. The LAKE COUNTRY is conveniently reached by train from Hobart to Parattah or Tunbridge. Coach runs regularly from Tunbridge to Interlaken Boarding House between Lakes Crescent and Sorell on Fridays, and more frequently during the summer months. Return Fare from Hobart, 21/10 First Class, 14/8 Second Class. Coach, 15/- Return. For further particulars apply to the SECRETARY FOR RAILWAYS, HOBART. An EXCURSION to PORT ARTHUR in 1642. (3 3)y Tlaoid !Bum. f Tasmania : The Examiner '" and ''Courier'' Office.^ ^ Patterson Street^ Laiinceston. Illustrations ^'^^ I.— Port Arthur in 1842. II. — Penitentiary and Prison Buildings. III.— Model Prison. IV.— Chapel ^lodel Prison. v.— Eagle Hawk Neck. VI. — Relics of Convict Discipline. VII.— Capt. Booth. VIII.— Interior Churcli. IX. — Chart of Tasnian Peninsula. LOAN STACK GIFT i^iA" LOAN STACK Index Page An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842 13-.1 \. Extracts from the X'otes of an Officer in the Convict Department, Point Puer 44-4/ Strength of tlie IVmimI l^stahlishments on Tasman Peninsula in 1844 47 Succession of Commandants at Port Arthur 48 Sorrow Songs from Point Puer — The Captive 48 My Native Land 49 The " Isle Des Morts " 5052 Records from the Office of the Comptroller-General of Convicts 53-91 Alenioranda 92-03 271 Index to Advertisements A.M. p. Society xx. Angus and Robert ?on, Sydney x'lv. Ash, Sidwell. and Co li:. Pav \'ie\v Hotel. Purnie, J. L. Roberts viii. ]>eattie, J. \A\. Hobart xviii.. xi.v. Bilyard. James in. Commercial Pank of Tasmania .... Outside Pack Cove. Derwent Hotel, Pridgewater, L. A. Stanley vi. Heathorn's Motor Garage ii. " Hillcrest," Geeveston, ]\lrs. H. Cooper ix Huon Channel and Peninsula S.S. Co xvi. Pufra Hotel, C. Xuroo Inside Front Cover Lufra Hotel. C. Xuroo . . . i. ?\Jt. Lyell Railway xii. ;\[t. Royal Hotel, Prown's River, Mrs. J. A. Pouchard . . \, X^orthern Tasmania Tourist Association x^. l-'icnic Hotel, Huonville, L. Perry ix. S.S. Reemere i\. Tasman X'illa Hotel, Port Arthur, H. W. F. h^rerk . . xii;, Tasmanian Government Rail\va}"s . . . . x Tasmanian Tourist Association. Hobart xv'i The Pmperial. Hobart vii W'alcli and Sons . Piside Pack Covoi W'el^ster, Romttch, and Duncan vi W'ellard and McGinniss xi'i Foreword 1 1 E HISTORY of the convict days of Tasmania will always focus on Tasnian Penin- sula, because the Peninsula in geneial, and Poit Arthur (its chief settlement) in par- ticular, contained the princi- pal machinery of the whole convict coercive system. Tiie convict system, as a system, may be said to have commenced in Tasmania with the administration of Colonel Geori^e Arthur in 1824. Previous to his advent there was. practically, no system at all. but his wonderful admin- istrative capacity, indomitable will, and iron hand, rapidly changed the position of things, and the huge prison, "X'an Diemen's Land" (for it was really a penal colony, and Coh^nel Arthur regarded it as essentially a prison), soon assumed somewhat of the routine and character of a vast penitentiary. For a long time after the settlement of the colony, convicts committing fresh crimes received additional punishment by being sent to chain gangs working on the roads of the colon} or else were transported to either 8 Foreword. Port Jackson or Newcastle, where harsher measures for their control were in operation, there being no isolated secondary punishment or penal station then in the colony for their reception. Colonel Sorell, Tasmania's third Governor, realising the necessity for such an establishment, supplied the want by creating the Macquarie Harbour station, on the wild western coast of the island, an establishment wdiich rapidly became notorious for its severit}- of punishment, and was a veritable "hell upon earth" until its abandonment. The inaccessibility of Macquarie Harbour induced Colonel Arthur to break it up, and he decided that Tasman Penin- sula should be the future ultra penal station of Van Diemen's Land, and as soon as suitable buildings were erected at Port Arthur the ''old hands" at Macquarie Har- bour were transferred to the new station. Port Arthur was "born" in September, 1830, and during the long period of 47 years it passed through all the phases of a human existence — had its childhood, its manhood, and its old age, and it died and was buried in 1877. The wrecks of its great prisons are to-day, just like the ruinous tomb- stones of a neglected old grave-yard, giving evidence of the magnitude of its past, and creating a longing desire in the minds of the curious to know something of its wonderful history. The following account of Port Arthur and its depen- dencies on Tasman Peninsula is from the pen of an old colonist of brilliant attainments — David Burn, Esq.. ot Rotherwood, Ouse — and gives a capital general idea of the convict establishment at the time when it w^as rapidly assuming vast dimensions, teeming with life and energy, under the administration of the greatest of its Comman- dants, Captain Charles O'Hara Booth, of the 21st Fusiliers. To the majority the past of Port Arthur is as a closed book, and, indeed, no complete history of the place has been, or ever can be, written. Fragmentary sketches there have been, scattered here and there, which, if collected, would undoubtedly form interesting reading, but a reliable history, founded on official records, can never be compiled, because the records have all been destroyed, and no one now lives who is in a position to fill the gaps which these missing records have left. I'^OREWORD. 9 Mr. Burn's account is the most reliable and best of the published descriptions of Port Arthur. Additional information will be found regarding the Boys' Reformatory at Point Puer, which should prove of interest now because of the absence of all the buildings which once formed that station. There has also been included several interesting poetical contributions emanating from Point Puer — the sad songs of an unforturiate doing duty at this station. They are chosen from a number of the unpublished selections qf this talented composer, whose latter years, happily, brought him comparative comfort and peace. As prison discipline, particularly as it was applied at the Penal Stations of the Convict Department, has, with the general public, been largely a matter of speculation, a series of Official Papers is published herein, which furnishes reliable information regarding discipline at the principal stations of the department. These records are "Police Histories," and show the operation of the System upon boys. men. and women under- going imi)ris()nnK'nt at Macquarie Harbour. Maria Island, Port Artluir, i*oint Puer. Norfolk Island, and the Female House of Correction. These publications are ABSOLUTELY CORRECT in every detail, the names only of each prisoner having been withheld, for obviou< reasotm. 1. \V. BF. ATTIF. An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. Sy DAVID BURN, OKT ARTHUR, the once penal settlement of Tasmania, has furnished a thousand texts for a thousand fallacious, if not perverted commentar es. It was a place the economy of which was little understood even in this colony, and of course utterly unknown to the British public. As a faithful description may lead to <^ood purpose, I herewith supply a narrative whit h 1 trust may be found as interesting as it is authentic. The principle upon which the administration of His Excellency Sir John Franklin was based being to afford every facility of investigation and of information, there existed no diffictilty in procuring from the Colonial Secre- tary the requisite visiting permission, together with an order for a passage in one of the colonial Government vessels, the only vessels trading to the port. Thus fur- nished, on the evening of Thursday, January 6. 1842, I embarked in the schooner Eliza, Captain Hurburgh, a beautiful craft of about 150 tons, built at Port Arthur in 14 An Excuhsiox To Port ARTiirR ix 1842. 1835, and named after the wife of the late LieutenaiiL- Governor. It was designed partly as a yacht for Sir George Arthur, and partly as a cruiser to be employed in chase of any runaways who might carry off any colonial shipping. We had several passengers ; amongst the number the Rev. Mr. Simpson, of the Wesleyan Mission; John Kerr. Esq. ; Messrs. Agnew, Holman, and Major Robertson, with a party of the 96th Regiment, and a batch of convicts for disposal at different stations. We weighed archor and made sail with a gentle land breeze about 4 o'clock of the following morning, the barque Lord Goderich, wh'ch had landed her convicts, standing- down the river in company. It was one of those deliciou> mornings which inspire the heart and enchant the senses llie numerous diversified bights and bays of the glorious Derwent glanced sweet and softly to the early sun ; the country showing fresh and verdant after the recent rains. About 8 a.m. a moderate sea breeze sprang up. This obliged us to work to windward to enable us to round the Iron Pot and Betsy's Island, a task we completed in ex couple of hours ; after which the lively Eliza was permitted to run before a ste^'dy increasing breeze, which tempered the otherwise sultry heat of noon. THE SCENERY OF FREDERICK IIEXRY r,AY. Point after point opened to our view in swift and pleasing succession. The water was of mirror-like smoothness, the bright sands of many a fair shore glittered gaily, the air seemed charged with odours, and all nature breathed harmony and joy ; in a word, it was one of those fascinating moments when mere animal existence is a bliss of transcendent enjoyment. The breeze continued to freshen, and we sped along the shores of Frederick Henry Bay with a flowing sheet. The characteristics of Frede- rick Henry Bay bear a somewhat close affinity to the imposing scenery which greets the visitor of the far- famed Loch Linne. In the Scottish waters the deep inland projections are termed lochs, while the like sea-arms of Tasmania are designated bays. Both are beautiful ; each has its point of resemblance to the other ; the southern mountains, however, unHke the time-worn, weather- beaten cHffs of poetic Morven, rise and fall in graceful undulations, and are divested of the savage precipitous Ax Ex cr RSI ox to Port Arthcr ix 1842. 15 grandeur of the Scottish hills. They are, moreover, clothed with living- wood, and illuminated by a sun that rarely chases the cold grey mist from the frowning peaks of the north. We skirted Slopen Islanci, had a distant ghmpse of Pittwater and the Carlton, and shortly after noon entered the magnificent lal c-like sea called by Captain FHnders Norfolk liay. The prospect on every side was superb — the view al:ead terminating in a glorious salt-water vista, its apex formed by one of those graceful sugar-loaf hills so common to Tasmania. We were the centre of a moving panorama of beauty, bii^ht after bight, channel after channel, glen after glen, presented themselves in endless tortuous variety ; each new featiwe basking in all the ethereal love- liness of a spotless empyrean, seemed more attractive than the preceding : for in a picture of harmonious grouping, that which is seen last is ever apt to be the most esteemed. Of the present it may be truly said there are few scenes to surpass it : hill. dale. wood, water, blent in one enchant- ing whole. Every eye beamed with pleasure ; every imagi- nation revelled in the ravishing prospect. We called to land convicts at several probation stations on Tasman Peninsula, but as these were sul)se(iuently visited I shall pass them over for the present, simply re- marking that our coasting trip made it night ere we let go the anchor off Woody Island, near the top of Norfolk liay. The sunset was in keeping with the beauty of the day, being one of radiant glory, unsurpassed by any 1 ever witnessed within the tropics. The following morning broke forth in heavenly sweet- ness. The Eliza floated gracefully on the bright (|uiescent waters, and the beauteous landscape, sunk in calm repose, conveyed anything but an idea of being the receptacle oi P)ritain's off-scourings. Guilt and its attendant punish- ment seemed at utter variance with scenes and climes sufficient of themseves to excite gratitude and joy. Lovely land, and still more lovely water ! What might you not now be — what must you not inscrutably become when the felon race^ the only blot on your fair face, shall be merged in the active, industrious moral peasantry ! And yet, humiliating as is the spectacle of man's degradation, it is still one cheering feature of the picture that it leads, in a g"reat measure, to the ultimate compulsory regeneration. i6 An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. THE CONVICT RAILWAY. At 9 o'clock we bade adieu to the staunch and fleet Eliza, landing on the railway jetty at the head of Norfolk Bay. This rail, or rather tramway, is formed from the hardwood of the country, and passes over a space of five miles, thereby affording a rapid and easy means of transit between the heads of Norfolk and Long Bays, the latter of which leads to Port Arthur. This tramway, the pro- jection of Captain Booth, has proved to be a work of the utmost utility, shortening the distance between Hobart Town and Port Arthur, and ensuring a rapid and certain communication at times when the long sea passage might be impracticable. Like many men of superior intellect^ it was the fortune of Captain Booth to encounter the sneers of the common herd, who, in their narrow-mindedness, predicted naught but failure in his enterprise. Nothing daunted, and possessing the confidence of the Governor, Captain Booth toiled on till they that came to jeer went back to admire. The ttamway, unlike our English rail- ways, follows the natural levels of the ground, the ascent of a hill being compensated in its opposite descent. No horse, no ox, no locomotive traverses its course , the waggons are propelled by convicts, three men being* generally allotted to do the work of each waggon, which is capable of conveying half a ton of goods at each transit. Upon emergency the same gang have made their three journeys and back, thirty miles a day, conveying thus halt a ton per man either way. It jars harshly against the feelings to behold man, as it were, lowered to the standard of the brute, to mark the unhappy, guilty creatures toilmg and struggling along, :heir muscular powers exerted to the utmost, and the perspiration bursting profusely from every pore. It is a harrowing picture; and yet a little calm reflection will show that it is rendered more peculiarly so by place and circumstance. Let us but tax our memory, and we shall find hundreds of free British labourers whose drudgery is fully equal to that on this tramway. This tends m some degree to dissipate the revolting ideas which, never- theless, still usurps possession of the imagination, and shocks the heart. And yet the tramway is a step of the probationer's advancement. Captain Booth arguing justly that the convict who cannot resist the greater facility which it affords of pilfering or absconding, is unfit to be trusted in the less restricted parts of the island. An Excursion to Port Arthur ix 1842. 17 PORT ARTHUR. By noon Major Robertson, Holman, and myself had traversed the tramway on foot — no passenger vehicles were to be had at the moment, owing to the few in use being engaged to convey Captain Sullivan, of H.M. sloop Favour- ite, and a party to the coal mines. Transferring the soldiers and their baggage to a launch, we embarked in 1 fine four-oared whaleboat, and after a short pull Port Arthur opened its capacious basin to our astonished and delighted gaze. ''What! this the pandemonium — this the repository of the worst of guilt !" was the natural exclama- tion bursting from our lips. Whatever the core, the out- side is a goodly and enchanting one. What lovely bays! What noble basins! What splendid anchorage! An anchorage not wholly uncon- scious of freightage nor the ample means of eciuipment, for on its dark-green waters tloated the Lady Franklin, a strong, staunch, wholesome-looking bar(|ue (just launched), of 270 tons burthen, and a few yards off H.M. i8-gun sloop Favourite was stripping, preparatory to undergoing a thorough refit. We landed at the Commissariat Pier, wlicre we were met by Mr. Cart, the Superintendent oi Convicts, through whose kindness we were (|uickiy enabled to present our credentials to the Commandant. Captain Booth welcomed us with the greatest urbanity, presenting us to his accomplished partner, and courteously inviting us to take up our (piartcrs with him — an invitation we gladly accepted. Port Arthur being yet unconscious of an hotel, iodging-house, or any place of entertainment ; in fact, every residence is a Governnient one. SUNDAY AT PORT ARTHUR— THE CHURCH Next day ])eing Sunday, we i)roceeded after breakfast to see the convicts mu Uered prior to their being marched to church. They were drawn up in three lines, each gang forming a separate division — the overseers (convicts) taking their stations in the rear. It was hideous to remark the countenances of the men, to which their yellow raiment (or half-black, half-yellow), with P. A., and their respective numbers stamped in various parts, imparted a sinister and most revolting expression. Scarcely one open set of features was ^o be found. To read their eyes, it seeded as though they were speculating the chance of gain or i8 An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. ■advantage to be hoped from us. Crime and its conse- quences were fearfully depicted in their visages ; and we turned from the disagreeable caricature of humanity with as much disgust as pity and regret. Muster over, th- men were marched with the utmost silence to church, whither we shortly followed, a military guard with loade.l arms being so stationed as to command the entire building. This necessary arrangement in a great degree destroyed the solemnity ofi the worship. The crew of H.M.S. Favourite were present ; their frank, manly, jovial coun- tenances offering a striking contrast to the lowering aspects of the miserable yellow jackets. Service was performed by our fellow-traveller, the Rev. Mr. Simpson, and the •occasion being in aid of the Sunday School, the v/orcuy pastor took the opportunity of remarking that as cash was a scarce commodity on the settlement, the lOU of any individual disposed to contribute would be gladly received — an observation which received a general grin, since, however beneficial it might prove to the cause, the expres- •sion seemed more fit for the gaming-table than the p'.ilpit. The language, however, was soon forgotten in the motives. The church at Port Arthur is a beautiful, spacious, hewn-stone edifice, cruciform in shape, with pinnacled tov/er and gables. Internally it is simply but neatly fitted affording accommodation for upwards of 2000 sitters. There is no organ ; but a choir has been selected from among the convicts, who chant the psalms with considerable eflfect. As yet no clergyman of the Established Church has been resident, the rehgious duties having hitherto been undertaken by those zealous and indefatigable Christians, the Wesleyans. Mr. Manton is the pre< in daily rotation, two delegates, who receive the victnil:.^ and afterwards apportion each man his share. That this may be fairly done, the mess, drawn up in double lines- before the table, surveys the partition. They then sit down and consume all the food that is set before them, it being one of the imperative regulations that nothing shal^ be laid by, a measure to ensure the impossibility of husband- ing, and thereby obtaining a provision in case of abscondin£^ So rigidly is this necessary precaution enforced that eating, out of season becomes a punishable offence, and no food (fish or kangaroo, for example) caught in the bush is (jn any pretext permitted to be consumed there. The meal afforded the convict is not only ample, but nutritious, con- sisting of excellent soup, good wheaten bread (I tasted both), and beef, mutton, or pork — such a meal, mdecrl^ as would rejoice the heart and gladden the eyes of man/ an honest, hard-working, hungry Briton. Breakfast and supper of bread and a pint of skilly. The clothing of the convicts is of woollen cloth, dyed yellow, or partly bbck, partly yellow. They are furnished with two complete suits, shirts, and boots a year. Their quarters are clean, well ventilated, and frequently whitewashed. They have «•. sufHciency of bedding, which during the day is folded up, eacli man sleeping in a separate berth. In the first ward we entered Jones, the Chartist watchmaker, was actings overseer to the mess, which comprised some refractory lads. He said grace for them before meat. He appeared to be circums]:)ect and orderly, although upon his first arrival he wore tlie aspect of a sottish, dissipated mechanic, -ml was disposed to talk rather freely and unwarrantably. A liint, however, sufficed. He has learned his place, and se?ms to be in full health and vigour. When not employed in triHing repairs in his own trade, he works in the tailor's shop. Williams is likewise at Port Arthur. In the first instance, having assumed a s])ec:ous character, and bemg in some degree conversant with mining, he was sent to the coal mines. There he inveigled some of his companions, built a boat, and effected a temporary escape ; being re- captured, he was sent to Port Arthur, where he at present works in one of the ch^in-gangs. I did not see Williams, who is represented as a bad. designing man. Some of his associates in flight were a short while at large. During that period they committed a murder, for which they were executed, a penalty they ought never, perhaps, have 20 An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. incurred but for the temptation of Williams. From the penitentiary barracks we proceeded to the silent cells, the rations of whose inmates are only bread and water. In one we found a juvenile murderer, of whom more anon. In another was a man confined for habitual absconding. A short period only had elapsed since he had been rescued from death by exhaustion. He was discovered at the last extremity, conveyed to the hospital, recovered with difh- culty, and no sooner recovered than he again attempted a similar rash and fruitless hazard. THE HOSPITAL. From the cells we v>/ent to the hospital, where we had a signal opportunity of drawing a wholesome moral from the sad — the miserable consequences of crime. There, upon a stretcher, lay Henry Savary, the once celebrated Bristol sugar baker, a man upon whose birth fortune smiled propitiously, whose family and kindred moved in the very first circles, and who himself occupied no inconsiderable place in his fellow citizens' esteem. The forgery (in 1825) and the miraculous escape from execution of this unhappy man cannot have escaped the public mind. Acting under the advice of several magistrates at Bristol, Savary pleaded guilty to the offence, refusing, although earnestly counselled by the Judge (Gififord) to amend his plea. He was in consequence sentenced to death, and his crime occurring so recently after Fauntleroy's, his execution was deemed equally certain. The punishment, however, was commuted to transportation for life, and Savary shortly afterwards arrived in this colony, where he was employed as a writer in one of the public departments. Having left a wife in England who was tenderly attached to him, she speedily followed her husband, but the ship (Jessie Lawson) in w^hich she had taken her passage was wrecked on the Hoe at Plymouth. The passengers, nevertheless, escaped, and Mrs. Savary, nothing daunted, embarked in another vessel. She escaped shipwreck in her second conveyance ; but, unless report be false, made a shipwreck of her husband's peace of mind. The domestic affliction here alluded to is painfully narrated in a tale called ''Ouintus Servington," a work published by Savary in Hobart Town in 1830, and which appears to be an authentic memoir so far of his ill- starred career. Goaded to frenzy, the miserable Savary attempted his life by drawing a razor across his throat. ^^LmS ^B ^"^Ih s '-^csB^K^n «.s^^^ ' ^^^^^^^^^^^^^H ^^ ^K P* '4^^^^^|^H 1 1^ ■ ' \^l ^^^^^^1 K>m'« ^k1^ rnk'^m I^B4WI 1 iHil^^ 1 Ax Excursion' to Port Arthur ix 1842. 23 The wound, however, was not mortal, and he was disco- vered in time to save his Hfe. Shortly after his wife and child returned to England ; and Savary. subsequently obtain- ing a ticket-of-leave, engaged in farming — became bankrupt — again had recourse to lorgery, was again convicted, and subjected to the ordeal of Port Arthur. There he experi- enced a shock of paralysis, and there, ere long, in all human probability, the misguidea man will terminate his wretched career. (Savarv died shortly after, on February 5. 1842.) It has been said by the slanderers of the colony that vice makes converts. 1 would that Mis (irace of Du])lin, or even his ally of the "Colonial Gazette," could have stood, as I did, by Savary's pallet — could have witnessed the scarce-healed wound of his attenuated throat — the lack- Uistre glare of his hollow eye. I think even they would have felt inclined to doubt the siren's blandishnunts. Knowing, as 1 did at Bristol, some of Savary's wealthy, dashing gay associates, 1 could not contemplate the miser- able felon before me without sentiments of the deepest com])assion. mingled with horror and awe. There l.e 1 y — a sad. a solemn warning. POINT PL'ER. Iviiibarking in a sj)lendid six-oared whaleb at. we crossed the bay to l^oint Puer, the boy thieves' establish- ment. They were busily em])loycd in learning and re])eating the catechism. At the penitentiary of Point I'uer we en- countered Queen Caroline's celebrated witness, Lieutenant Flynn, of the Xavy. a miscreant who was convicted in 1839, at the Old liai'.ey, of forging poor wi lows' pension tickets. I'or this fellow Oueen Caroline obtained the third-class order of St. h\^rdinand. and since his arrival herj letters have been actually addressed to Sir John Flynn. Lights are kept burning throughout the night in the penitentiary barracks, tlie inmates of which are never for a moment sure when or by whom they may be visited. We accompanied the Commandant in one of his tours of inspection, visiting r,everal of the wards at 10 p.m. In one the o:'our or tobacco smoke was discerned, and as the posession of tobacco is an ofTence against the regulations, notice was given that the entire wara would be placed in charge until the smoker was known. When we came away they had not discovered the offender, and in consequence every man 24 An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. was made to sleep in a silent apartment. In passing along the road on the settlement after dark, every sentry chal- lenges, and without the countersign even the Commandant would be peremptorily detained. Every soldier invariably bears loaded arms ; the penitentiary yards are commanded in various places. They are repeatedly visited, and such is the severity of discipline, such the rigidity of scrutiny, aye, and such the felons' mutual distrust, that anything like con- certed revolt is as hopeless as impracticable. We slept in perfect tranquility in a house unconscious of window shut- ters — guiltless of window fastenings. THE POINT PUER WORKSHOPS. Having witnessed the devotional exercises of Point Puer, we next morning paid a visit to the various work- shops. In this admirable establishment between 600 and 700 boys are taught the means of obtaining an honest live- linood. When first received they are instructed in the use of the spade^ the hoe, and the grubbing axe. They clear, break up, fence, and cultivate their own land, the product being principally confined to potatoes, cabbages, turnips, and other vegetables. After a term of good conduct the option of trade is conceded as a boon, five or six kinds of handicraft being submitted for election. At the head of each department the necessary instructions are to be found, and as means and opportunity admit these are chosen from among persons arriving free in the colony. The juvenile sawyers first attracted our notice ; of these there are from 15 to 20 pairs. At present they work in open pits, but sheds are in progress to shelter them from the weather. 'i hese lads not only cut suf^cient timber for their own build- ings, but furnish considerable supplies to the other work. The boatbuilders' department, in which is Kirbv, the poisoner of his master at Lincoln, now a young man of exemplary conduct, comes next under review. There a beautiful whaleboat of Huon pine, the timbers of light (a resemblance of rose) wood, was rapidly attaining comple- tion. At the cooperage tubs, buckets, 'mess kids, and ship buoys were in progress of manufacture. About 50 tailors actively cut out and make up clothing, while there are 75 shoemakers ecjually assiduous in their vocation. Every scrap of old iron is turned to account in the blacksmith's shop, where the boys were converting fragments of hoops into nails, rivets, and the like. At the carpenter's shop Ax ExcuRsiox TO Port Arthur in 1842. 25 they were framing doors and window sashes, and preparing boards. The bookbinders were in full employ, having several of Mr. Manton's volumes in hand. The turners alone were inactive. I must here remark that any of the boy or adult mechanics or labourers performing work for any of the Civil or military officers a record of the amount of such service is kept and charged against the employer. Some ^500 a year thereby finds its way into the military chest. The stonemasons were next visited. They have a great variety of material prepared and preparing for the purpose of erecting a large and substantial barrack, together with an extensive range of improved workshops. At the bakery a large supply of goodly provender, the production of sundry juveniles, met our eyes, whilst the savoury steams of the cook-house induced us to take a peep at the excellent fare, the boys being allowed an equal ration with the adult. lieforc dinner the boys are taught a habit of cleanliness by being obliged to wash. A short space is also allotted to play, and every afternoon half of the youngsters attend school. Although the origin of this establishment be founded in guilt, it is one of deep interest, for from the very core of crime there springs the cherished hope of fairer, happier days. Infamy may be lost in industry, sin give place to grace, and transportation itself may. through the blessing of God, be the balsam of the reckless. Such consunnnation is within the power of all. Many, no doubt, have, and will again clutch tht? offered gift, and 1 earnestly hope, as I sincerely believe, that many will bless the hour they saw Point Puer. which, under Provi- dence, may prove the salvation (body and soul) of hundreds. Several instructed there are already earning comfortable livelihoods in various parts of the colony, and numbers have feelingly acknowledged to Captain Booth the blessings they thence derived. How many of England's poor but virtu- ous children would be overjoyed with the full provisions, excellent lodging, and comfortable clothing — not to say a word of the beneficial instruction — of Point Puer ! THiE ISLE OF THE DEAD. On our return to the settlement we landed at a small island named, from its funeral purposes, *Tsle des Morts," or Dead Men's Isle. Within its sea-girt shores, almost its first occupant, lies Dennis Collins, the sailor who threw a 26 A.\ Excursion- to Port Arthur in 1842. stone at King William the Fourth on one of the English racecourses. Here likewise repose the ashes of May, the hurker of the Italian boy. Here, moreover, are monu- ments to several free persons who have died during service at Port Arthur, or perished in its vicinity ; of the latter are three seamen wrecked in the schooner Echo, two sea- men of Government vessels, and several soldiers of the 2ist^ 51st, and r)3rd Regiments. Over the remains of Robert Young, a soldier of the 51st, accidentally drowned, his sorrowing comrades have reared the recording stone, on which a poetic private has written the following: — His melancholy fate doth plainly prove The frail uncertainty of human life ; Oh, may his soul attain that l)lest abode Which knows no human misery or strife. Alichael Gibbons, a private of the 21st, who lost his wife shortly after child-birth, and who was left with twa infant children, in his own verse, thus weeps his sad bereavement :— When worth and truth like l:er descend to dust Grief is adept, and sorrow is more just; Such cause has he to weep who pious pays The last sad tribute of his love and praise. Trust he shall meet her on that happy shore. Where pain and sickness there shall be no more. Dead Men's Isle is a picturesquely sorrowful spot — sa soothing in its melancholy, so placid in its solitude that a friend of mine, the late Dr. ]\Iacbraire, when medical ofihcer at the settlement, under the impression of approaching doom, requested that he might l)e laid within its leafy shores. IMacbraire, however, was destined to mingle his dust with that of Albion, where, my wanderings o'er, 1 yet look forward to deposit my own. It is not alone in funeral verse that Port Arthur has been sung, ]\Ir. Ellerman, first lieutenant of H.M.S. F'avorr- ite, having struck the chord in glowing measure. PORT ARTHLR SUNDAY SCHOOL AXXIX ERSARY. Port Arthur is a place of v/onders. Where iiauglvt but sin and crime are assumed to exist the seeds of religion and virtue have l)een carefully planted, and the blossoms of: Ax Excursion to Port Arthur ix 1842. 17 goodliness are seen to germinate. Even the yellow jacket may cover many a repentant and returning heart. As a kind of guiding star, a spiritual oasis in this moral desert, a Sabbath school has been instituted for the children of the officers, soldiers, overseers, and others. This day, the loth of January, the anniversary meeting and examination were held. The muster was a goodly one. comprising 34 boys and girls of various ages. A number of excellent instructive books were provided as prizes for the most exemplary attendants, the most diligent and proficient scholars. In each branch a hot competition ensued, and in many instances so earnest was the struggle that Captain r>ooth. the patron of the institution, felt some difficulty in awarding the palm. The examination over, the children proceeded to a marquee formed by the Favourite's sails and flags, and tastefully aflorned with a profusion of native wreaths and garlands. In this marc|uee they enjoyed a fete al fresco, tea. cofifee, cake, raspberries, gooseberries, currants, and other fruits being abundantly supplied. It was an era in their lives, an event of pleasing contemplation to the spectators. The children satisfied, a like refresh- ment was next provided for their delighted parents, and after some very apposite oljservations from the patron, the Revs. Messrs. Manton and Simpson, as also Major Robert- son (elected a member of the committee), the state of the funds were declared. From this it appeared that a balance of i\ los remained in hand from last year's account: that i8 I OS had been collected the preceding day: that the tea tickets (IS each) and one or two contributions amounted to £3 or £3 los : and that, therefore, there were between £13 and ii4 available for the purchase of next year's prizes. To the honour of Port Arthur's contributions it should be mentioned that only a few weeks had elapsed since they had subscribed above £16 in aid ol the Wesleyan Missionary Fund. A YOUTHFUL MURDERER. On Tuesday we visited the several artificers' shops, which. are a mere adult duplicate of Point Puer. At the ironsmith's we witnessed the operation of file-cutting. From the factories we walked to the scene of a recent atrocious, motiveless murder. It is about three-quarters of a mile from the settlement, in a lonely, gloomy dell — some of the neighbouring trees are still splashed with 2S Ax Excrusiox to Port Arthur in 1842. the victim's blood. From the depositions, it appears that the murderer, Belfield, a lad of 18, and Broadman, a lad of 17, were at work in the vicinity. Belfield complained of thirst, and Broadman went some short distance to show the other a creek where he might slake it. Both were seen to leave the gang, but Belfield alone returned, and, when questioned by the overseer of his comrade, he declared he had "bolted." pointing in the opposite direction of the path they had pursued. Boardman was accordingly reported as an absconder. A couple of days elapsed, when a man cutting brooms thought he heard groans, which as he approached grew more distinct, until, at the foot of a gigantic gum tree, clotted with gore and fly-blown, he beheld the hapless sufferer. Shouting for aid, and hasten- ing to the creek, he washed the vermin from the mouth of the mangled creature, who was so disfigured as to be unknown by his comrade — t'hc person who sought to relieve him. ''Don't you know me, Tom? I am Sydney." Assistance having arrived, he was forthwith conveyed to the hospital. He sullficiently recovered to identify his assassin. It appears that they had no sooner reached the creek than Boardman was assaulted by Belfield, who dealt him some severe blows on the head ; the stick breaking, Belfield seized a heavier one, and belaboured the poor fellow until he became insensible. Not satisfied, the young monster ''jobbed" a haftless knife between the spinal process of the neck, and then fled to concoct the story of abscond- ing. Boardman lingered until January 2, and Belfield is now in Hobart Town Gaol. When we saw him in the cell at Port Arthur he looked a poor, simple, well-featured boy. with a countenance anything but ferocious. He did not attempt to deny his guilt to Mr. Manton, but wept bitterly. He assigned no reason for the bloody deed, and as no probable cause can be traced it is one of utter mystery. DOCKYARD AND GOVERNMENT GARDENS. At the dockyard we found most of the people busily prepared to heave down H.M.S. Favourite in order to thoroughly refit her — another launch for the Lady Franklin, a lighter, and an exquisitely proportioned 18-ton gunboat » calculated to carry a long 32-pounder, were in a very for- ward state, and the timber of a lOO-ton cutter in process of conversion. We visited the Favourite, a cruiser of 430 tons> and 18 guns, with a crew of jolly lads that my quondam Ax Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. 29 acquaintances, Monardh and Vernon, would have leapt sky- high at. From the Favourite we made a trip to the tjovernment grounds, in local parlance styled the garden. Several men were employed building a rick of well-made hay. This domain is an enchanting spot, of which the pencil, not the pen, can convey adequate conception ; wood, water, earth, skv, all contrive to gladden the eye and charm the sense. Here at some future (perchance not very distant) day, when penitentiary and penal settlements have ceased to exist, here in one of the most beautiful bays, with a shore of the purest sand, and waters of pellucid hue, here the Tasmanian steamers will flock with their joyous freight- age of watering-place visitors, whilst the present settlement, an easy distance off, will eventually resolve itself into one of the finest and most important naval arsenals — a Plymouth of the South. The security and amplitude of the haven, the facility of equipment, and the superabundance of choice buihhng materials, all conducing to the certainty of such result. On our return w'e boarded the Lady Franklin, fitting with the utmost despatch as a troop and store ship. The brig Tamar shortly afterwards came to anchor, and in the course of the evening the beautiful Eliza, so that Port Artluir boasted a larger fleet than I have sometimes, not nian\- years back, seen in Hobart Town. PLINDERS BAY PROBATION STATION. The following morning (Wednesday, the 12th) we accompanied the Commandant on a visit to the Probation Station at Flinders Bay, one of the numerous indentations (if Xorfolk liay. Our course was by the tramway, and a l)art of the route by which we first reached Port Arthur. Flinders Ray is a new and very primitive station, under the superintendence of Mr. Smith. There are 200 convicts under his charge, and a sergeant and 12 privates of the 99th Regiment. They are as yet domiciled in bark huts ; but slab ones are preparing, as also cottages for the superinten- dent : Mr. Kilgour, the surgeon; Mr. Dove, the catechist, and several assistants. It may save repetition if I here remark that a ''complete" probation station is governed by a superintendent, three assistant superintendents, a com- petent number of overseers (all free men), a surgeon, a catechist. and a military detachment : in addition, a visiting magistrate is placed in such a part of the country that two or more stations may come within his inspection. 30 Ax Excursion to Port Arthur ix 1842. The men are employed in the erection of all the requisite buildings, forming roads and bridges, grubbing, fencing, and cultivating land, which in an improved condition will, it is presumed, at some future day, be sold for the public behoof. As their probationary terms expire, the convicts are removed to Slopen Island, a station whence they are subsequently otherwise disposed of. Flinders Bay party is yet in the earliest of these stages, being employed in felling, burning ofif, and clearing land, and providing them- selves with the necessary quarters. It is a magnificent- looking location, with an ample supply (even at this dry season) of water. The land seems poor and exceedingly stony, Init after the soil I have seen reclaimed and made productive it would be extremely rash to pronounce Flinders impracticable. Its position is one of very great advantage. EAGLE HAWK NECK. Having made the tour of inspection, we set sail for Eaglehawk Xeck — a hummocky, sandy isthmus, situated at the extreme of a deep bight. This isthmus is about a quarter of a mile in length, and 300 yards in breadth. Sentries are posted night and day, and a yet more infallible security, a chain of 13 ferocious dogs is placed at intervals across its breadth, these dogs receiving a regular ration from the commissariat. At night a row of lamps in the same direction as the dogs is lit up. a measure which pre- cludes the possibility of escape. This singular formation is thus the secure key of Tasman Peninsula, and what is very remarkable, there is a like key (East Bay Xeck) to Forestier Peninsula. The first is a subaltern's guard : the latter is only now being made a post. These singular formations lead one to the almost natural conclusion that Tasman and Forestier Peninsulas were designed for the purpose to which they have been applied. The convicts know the hopelessness of escape : that the least appearance of smoke would betray their where- abouts, because its existence would be communicated from every signal-hill ; that they could not possibly ford the cordon on either isthmus ; and, therefore, that being without food, fire, or water, they had but one of two alternatives — a lingering death or inevitable surrender. Under such considerations it must be self-evident that no place could be An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. 3.5 better chosen than Tasman and I^orestier Peninsulas. The former comprises an area of 45,000 acres, the latter of 15,000, nearly one-half whereof is available, and much of it very excellent land — land that the probation parties must ere long turn to good account — land which, whenever the peninsulas become free settlements, will be the object of earnest competition, intersected, as it will be, by capital roads, and accessible on so many points to water carriage. THE COMMANDANT NEARLY LOSES HIS LIFE. It was on Forestier Peninsula that Captain Booth, some three years ago, had nearly perished. In the anxious desire to make himself personally conversant with certain localities, he became entangled in an almost impervious scrub, until at length extrication was beyond his power. The hannner of one pistol broke in the attempt to strike a light; the other was so saturated that it refused to give fire. Quite overpowered, he laid himself down and slept. He awoke chilly and torpid, again to sink in a state of exhaustion. In this horrifying state did this excellent officer witness the fall of four successive nights — the dawn of five succeeding days — without drink, without food, with- out hope. His toes had begun to mortify (the flesh sloughed away), and a lingermg and agonising death seemed at hand. Suddenly the woods echoed to the bugles of his anxious comrades. ])ut their commander was too far gone to utter a response. It seemed a mockery — an ofTer of life, but beyond his power to reach. His two faithful kangaroo dogs clung to their master's side. He saw them lick the hoar from the frozen leaves, a hint whereby he ])rohtcd, and felt in some degree revived. God at length was gracious : the numerous parties in quest of the missing commandant drew near. The dogs sprang to greet them, and after a hundred hours of famine and horror, Captain Booth was snatched from death, but with an enfeebled frame and impaired constitution. NATURAL WONDERS OF EAGLEHAWK NECK. Ensign Wilson, of the 96th Regiment, the officer in command at Eaglehawk Neck — a merry, good-natured, generous young man — was on the lookout, and entertained us most hospitably at his quarters. The further shore of the Isthmus is washed by the jiiighty Pacific, which throws 34 Ax Excursion to Port Arthur ix 1842. its billows into the beautiful sandy cove called Pirate's Bay. In this bay portions of the cliff's base assume the com- plexion of natural works, as remarkable as Stafifa or the Giant's Causeway. This consists in layers of rock in square, long, oblong, lozenge, triangular, and other shapes, all jointed with the most beautiful and perfect regularity — some bound, as it were, with an iron band, some perfectly smooth on the surface, some ridged and fluted, some rounded in the centre, with a fine cut-down border. Alto- gether it is a formation as beautiful as it is singular, and although dissimilar, yet, in default of a more appropriate definition, has been styled the Tesselated Pavement. Some of the officers of the Erebus and Terror removed a portion, which may probably find its way to the United Service Institution. In future times this pavement will become as much the object of Tasmanian as Stafifa and the Causeway are of Scotch and Irish pride ; and it is paying Pirate's Bay no small compliment when I pronounce its clififs and pro- montories to be fully equal to the bold and varied scenerv of the Antrim coast. THE FRENCHMEX AXD THE RAILWAY. On our return to the settlement, we had no idea of the speed of the tramway. There is a shoot of a mile and a half near the head of Long Bay, which is traversed at the rate of 40 miles an hour. It requires some little nerve at first to keep one's composure ; because, once in motion, there are no stoppages, and the least obstruction would, as Jonathan says, ''Send carriages and their contents to immortal smash." The officers of the French frigate Artemise were in ecstacies with this descent, which, on a larger scale, reminded them of the Montagues Russes of Paris: down they went, hallooing, shouting, screaming, like madmen. SOME DETAILS OF THE SYSTEM AT PORT ARTHUR. The night of Wednesday was a turbulent one. blowing half a gale ; but the morning sun that was to light us on our homeward path broke bright and genial. However, disagreeable to its constrained visitors, we found Port Arthur a place of beauty, kindness, courtesy, and goodwill; a place where we enjoyed all the comforts and many of the Ax Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. ^^ luxuries of life, and these imparted with cordial welcome devoid of affectation. To take a summary of our five days' residence — a space sui^ciently long to see and form a correct opinion of every- thing — we arrived at the conclusion that the main purposes of its creation were wrought out with consummate skill and great humanity. The discipline is, of necessity, rigidly severe ; not a fault — no, not the most trivial is overlooked ; the most anxious, the most searching enquiry ever precedes punishment, and the ofTender is made to feel that its intliction proceeds from no arbitrary capricious tyranny, but is the inevitable and well-knowti reward of his own mal- ])ractices. The convicts are distributed as much as possible in various classified gangs. Upon their arrival they are closely searchcvd, being prohibited from liaving money, tobacco, or any document. The standing regulations ot the settlement are then read, and an earnest caution to act in conformity given. They are next taken to the hospital, where each undergoes an individual examination by the medical officer. Labour proportionate to their strength is then assigned, the physically incapacitated being employed in stone-breaking. Men are removed from the more laborious gangs according as their behaviour is good, or their sentences ex])ire. All newcomers sleep in silent apartments (a sore punishment) for periods connnensurate with the nature of their offence, such periods increasing in a twofold degree to those who have previously been at the settlement. The carrying gang is deemed the most severe. This gang, sometimes 63 or 70 in number, transport on their shoulders immense spars (the masts and yards of a 30G-ton sliip, for example) from the forest to the dockyards. The inequality of pressure will at once be obvious ; some men during the different stages of transit sometimes sus- taining a couple of hun;lredweight, sometimes less than 40lb. The dockyard gang is scarcely les:; laborious than the carrying, the men being frequently immersed in water to the neck while securing naval timber to the launches for the juirpose of transport to the arsenal. It must be borne in mind that no beasts of burden are permitted either at Port Arthur cr the probation stations, and that, conse- c uently, all the drudgery of labour is borne by the convicts. The chain-gangs are employed in carting stone, firewood, or drawing water for general use. The most habitual absconders, like the French felons of the Bague, are not 36 An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. only put in irons, but fastened to a chain, where they are made to break stones under the eye of every passer-by — a punishment the most intolerably galling. Every week there is a muster for medical inspection. They strip to the waist, because a man's face may greatly belie his bodily energies. If an individual by tlaccidity of muscle or other unequivocal token gives evidence of being overtasked he is either removed to Hghter labour or received into the hos- pital, as the urgency of the case may demand. Exclusive of the gangs already enumerated, there are sawyers, splitters, quarrymen, masons, grubbers, gardeners, watermen, tramwaymen, and all the different artisans. Half an hour before evening muster a ball is suspended at one of the yard-arms of the semaphore as a signal to those that work in the bush to make their way to headquarters, any absentee being returned as absconded. THE PORT ARTHUR TELEGRAPH. A telescope and a semaphore are excellent tell-tales, and the telegraphic code of Captain Booth has been brought to a very high pitch of perfection. By it very long mes- sages are conveyed to and from Hobart Town and Port Arthur in an incredibly short space. An answer to one sent by ourselves, and responded to in a short space, may suffice, the distance being 50 miles either way. It was this : — ''The Commandant is informed there have been no arrivals from England;" also, "That Mr. Waterhouse is much the same as he was." These semaphores are all worked by convicts, constantly liable to removal. Were they, as they should be, given as a reward with a small salary to discharged soldiers, they might be made more efficient, and, if extended throughout the colony, should give the death-blow to every species of absconding. THE POTTERY. There is a factory, hitherto overlooked, where bricks, tiles, gutter tiles, flower pots, and other similar articles are manufactured. From the excellence of the clay, the commodities are of the most superior quality, so much so that the use of a pug-mill and a careful selection of material might prove the means of creating a pottery of infinite value, whence a ware little inferior to Wedgwood might be pro- Ax Excursion to Port Arthur ix 1842. [^y duced. As it is. Port Arthur brick kilns not only supply all the wants of the settlement and Point Puer, but export largely to Hobart Town, both tor Government appropria- tion as well as for general sale : in fact, the excess of production (in numerous articles) available for exportation leaves a large balance to the credit of the penal settlement. SOME HISTORICAL XOTES. Port Arthur was at one time the receptacle of educated convicts, who upon their arrival in the colony were wont to be ordered thither. The protection system has now put an end to that, and it is only used as a place of secondary punishment for re-convicted offenders and boys direct from England, who, as far as practicable, are taught reformation through the iron hand of coercion. Port Arthur was founded by Colonel Arthur as an ex])erimental station in 1830. Dr. Russell, assistant surgeon of the 63rd Regiment, was sent down in the double capacity of medical officer and Commandant, with 16 or 17 convicts at his disposal. The present site was at once fixed upon, and the infant scioTi increased under the several rules of Captain Mahon, Major Ihiggs, and Captain (Hbbons. of the 63r(l Regiment. It was on St. Patrick's Day. 1833, that the present active, intelligent, and enterprising Commandant assumed the reins of office, which, during his nine years' career he has wielded with skill and integrity of purpose that cannot sufficiently be commended. Much as the colony itself is the wonder of strangers, as much is Port Arthur the source of wonder to the comparatively few colonists who have visited its shores. THE MILITARY BARRACKS. I have already spoken of its elegant church, but I have made no mention of its strikingly picturcs(|ue military bar- racks, which are constructed of the finest hewn stone, and are capable of containing 100 men. The front entrance is through a handsome castellated, or, rather, battlemented, round tower, which commands the settlement. From this we pass through a tolerably spacious parade ground, lead- ing to an elevated esplanade, conducting in turn to a verandah opening to the different barrack-rooms. There is a large yard in the rear with a like round tower nearly finished, the bottom of which is to constitute a magazine. 38 Ax ExcTRsioN TO Port Arthur in 1842. the roof serving the purpose of a watch-post. In a Hue with the barracks, and upon a precisely similar plan, a new hospital is about to be erected. THE COMMANDANT'S ENERGY /vND FORETHOUGHT. The bay at the head of which the church stands is, like Sidlivaii Cove, very shallow. This Captain Booth is filling in, and upon the recovered territory a new and exten- sive penitentiary will forthwith be constructed. All the streets and buildings are laid out with the strictest care. The future is not overlooked in the present — every edifice is convertible, and whenever Port Arthur becomes, which it one day must, a flourishing, free arsenal, the zeal and judgment of Captain Booth will be fully apparent and dul\ appreciated. Port Arthur has never failed to strike every stranger; even I, somewhat familiar with the railway pace of penal colonies, felt impressed Vv'ith unmingled surprise. Substantial stone buildings, tasteful cottages, extensive factories, luxuriant gardens — all the means and appliances of civilised and social life. And yet this enchanting spot^ this beautiful creation, like a "goodly apple rotten at the core," is but the guarded receptacle of Britain's refuse, and of the civil and military establishments requisite for the working of their purgation. CASCADE PROBATION STATION. Bidding adieu to Port Arthur we again crossed the tr:imway, again embarked at the head of Norfolk Bay, rrriv'ng after a short and pleasant sail at Cascade. This is an incipient probation station, commenced about six or s^ven weeks since under the auspices of a couple of con- stables and 25 (who have recently been augmented to 50) men. The sartie system is applicable to every station, with the exception that some are begun with only a few hands ; 1:)ut whenever they attain their full complement they are to be worked in the manner already shown. Cascade is a charming locality, embraces a /ery considerable area of the richest soil, abounds with the finest timber, and is admirabh' watered. The gang is at present occupied clearing roads, preparing for the erection of a pier, and in the construction of the necessary buildings for reception of a large accession of strength. An Excl'rsiox to Port Arthur in 1842. 39 JMPRESSION BAY STATION. From Cascade we coasted to Impression Bay, some five miles distant. This is a beautiful, more advanced, and fuller manned (100 in the gang) station. Three months nave sulificed to clear and cultivate a large space of ground, to erect a variety of buildings, to establish a road of some extent, and nearly to complete a jetty. Mr. Armstrong, the superintendent, seemed to be an active officer. His men work well, and in another 12 months Impression Bay will have become a place of some importance. At this place Frost, the Chartist, is at work, and having promised an acquaintance of mine and his, a man of fortune in Eng- land, who at one time had unhappily imbibed Chartist ideas, that I would, if possible, see Frost, I availed myself of the present oi)portunity to have an interview. The only indul- gence he at present enjoys is that of being permitted to sleep alone ; he labours in common with the gang. He has been six or seven weeks at Impression Bay, having been removed from Brown's River for insolence to the superin- tendent, the only instance of his having demeaned himsch' with impropriety. There have been many falsehoods in the English papers with respect to Frost. For example, when first landed, he was sent to Port Arthur, and there em])loyed without pay as a writer, a mere copier in the Conimantlant's office. This simple fact was tortured into an alleged (lovernment appointment of profit and considera- tion, upon which fruitful theme various newspapers of the day took care to ring the changes. Knowing from long colonial experience that such a thing could not be, I published the matter as it actUcilly stood. As a further instance of the "undoubted authority" of the Press, three days have barely elapsed since I read a paragraph in a London weekly, copied from a Glasgow paper, in which the journalist declares, upon the authority of a nameless person who "reports" having seen the man in \'an Diemen's Land, that Frost was engaged with Williams in the latter's attempt to escape. Pure fiction, every line, Frost being then at Port Arthur, and Williams at the coal mines, more than 20 well-guarded miles apart. ESCAPES. The attempts to escape by boats, canoes, and cata- marans are frequent ; indeed. Captain Booth showed us a 40 An Excursion to Port Arthur in 1842. variety of such contrivances. Upon one occasion his own crew made off with his boat. ''Who'll volunteer in chase?" was the word in the penitentiary at Port Arthur. In an instant an able crew was at the captain's comniand, and a second boat in earnest pursuit. The men made their oars spring again, and if the first boat had not had too great a start she could not have failed to capture. She was re- taken shortly after and the fugitives transferred to their abandoned quarters. Upon another occasion a singular device was had recourse to. This was a sort of packing- case^ about 8ft. or 9ft. in length, 2^ ft. broad, and Qin. deep. It was closed and caulked both above and below, conse- quently rendered air-tight. A couple of light spars were lashed across either end, and at their extremities pieces of wood like enlarged bricks were secured. Every precau- tion had been taken to guard the two fugitives against the possibility of upsetting. Unhappily, hovvever, there was no like longitudinal preventive, and the washing ashore of two corpses, together with the crazy fabric, gave too clear an indication of the manner in which way they had met their doom. We also saw several coracles, the framework of wattle boughs, the covering (to serve for planking) of cotton shirts. To what desperate expedients will not men resort for liberty ! SALTWATER CREEK AGRICULTURAL STATION. From Impression Bay we proceeded to Saltwater Creek, about five miles off. This is a remarkably fine locality, with extensive penitentiaries accommodating about 400 convicts, with barracks for a sergeant and 13 soldiers of the 96th Regiment. It is a perfect station, comprising all the requisite officers, and has been established upwards of ten months. Roads have been formed, piers constructed,, land broken up and cleared, upwards of 50 acres being luxuriantly cropped wath cabbages, potatoes, turnips, etc. The soil is extremely fertile, and of considerable extent, and as spade is the only husbandry employed, the land is certain to be w^ell worked and pulverised. Many wdio are friendlv to the introduction of convicts inveigh loudly against the probation system. It requires a fair trial. The probation gangs are opening up many invaluable locations, and creating settlements of infinite importance. Until they were placed upon it, Tasman Peninsula was either Ax Excursion to Port Arthur ix 1842. 43 unknown, despised, or deemed too densely wooded for anv individual to venture upon. There are now four flourish- ing stations thereon ; roads are forming to connect them with each other; piers are constructing for the shipment of produce : and large openings are making in the forests ; so that, discontinue the system a couple of years hence, and even then Tasmania will have gained a vast accession of richly productive agricultural territory. Frost's son-in- law, Geach, is at Saltwater Creek. He was ill in the hospital in the hands of my clever friend, Dr. Agnew. but, entertaining no desire. I did not visit him. THE COAL MINES STATION. Our Thursday's tour ended at the coal mines — a station semi-probationary, semi-penal. It contains an extensive 5tone penitentiary, to which large additions are about to be made ; a military barracks for 30 men, officers' quarters, commissariat store, and sundry other stone edifices. The scenery around is superb. We landed at seven o'clock in the evening, dined, and took up our quarters with Lieu- tenant Barclay, of the 96th. Next morning I descended the main shaft along with Captain Booth. It is 52 yards deep. The winch was manned by convicts under punishment. One stroke of the knife might sunder the rope, and then — however, it has never been tried, deeds of ferocity being very infrequent. A gang on the surface worked the main pump, and another below plied a horizontal or slightly- inclined draw-pump, which threw the water into the chief well. The seam has been excavated 1 10 yards from the shaft, having also several chambers diverging right and left ; the height of the bore is 4ft. The quality of the coal partakes much more of anthracite than of bitumen ; it flies a good deal, but produces intense heat. The mines are esteemed the most irksome punishment the convict encoun- ters, because he is not a practised miner, and because he labours night and day, eight hours on a spell. Continued stooping and close atmosphere caused our party to be bedewed with perspiration. I cannot, therefore, wonder at the abhorrence of the compulsory miner in loathing what I conceive to be a dreadful vocation, a vocation, I should think, that those who had once been forced to would in future, when relieved, most earnestly avoid. After breakfast we walked across the tongue of Slopen Main, and shaking my kind host. Captain Booth, cordially by the hand, embarKcd 44 Extracts from the Notes of an Officer. for Ralph Bay Neck in his boat After four hours' dead pull to windward against a strong breeze and heavy sea, we landed on the further shore of Frederick Henry Bay. From this a walk of seven miles through Rokeby and Clarence Plains conducted us to Kangaroo Point. Here we again took boat, and in another half-hour trod the shores of Sullivan Cove, where I shall for the present call halt, hoping that the reader may have derived pleasure, if not profit, from my excursion to Port Arthur. Extracts from the Notes of an Officer of the Convict Department, Point Puer. I commenced service under the Imperial Government as one of the assistant schoolmasters at the Boys' Reforma- tory at Point Puer, situated one mile eastward from the Penal Station of Port Arthur. Boys from England were received there to undergo sentences of from seven to 14 years, their ages ranging from 10 to 18 years. At this establishment, in 1841, there was one superinten- dent, one assistant-superintendent, two schoolmasters, one catechist, and three free overseers, competent to give the boys instruction in tailoring, shoemaking. and boatbuilding. Each boy attended school half the day each day, except Sunday which day was devoted to divine service, morning and evening. Every Saturday afternoon was allowed as a general holiday for the boys, except for those undergoing" solitary confinement or other minor imprisonment. Such boys as were not learning the before-mentioned trades were employed at gardening and breaking up new land, others as *' wards," cooks, and various duties. At this establishment, in 1841, there were about 800 boys under sentence of transportation from England. I remem- ber several that were sentenced to seven and 10 years for the most trifling thefts, such as the steahng of goods of the value of IS. or 2s 6d., but, of course, they had been pre- viously convicted in England of petty larceny prior to transportation. The station consisted of a gaol, a brick building, where boys were sentenced to three, six, and nine months for repeated ofTences against the regulations. Inside the walls Extracts from the Notes of ax Officer. 45 of the gaol yards they were employed at stone-breaking, but were not allowed to work at other trades whilst under- going gaol sentence. There was another brick building, called the ''New Build- ing," where boys were sent from seven to 14 days for minor offences against the regulations. The gaol and New liuilding were under the management of the assistant superintendent, assisted by four well-conducted adult prisoners, overseers from Port Arthur. There were also six other adult prisoners, overseers, superintending gardening and clearing land. These overseers h;id in turn six hours' night duty as watchmen inside of the dormitory, gaol, and new building. The schoolroom (a weatherl)oard building) was large enough to seat 850 prisoners, free officers, and their families, and licrc divine service was performed every Sunday. Six ])oys performed the baking and cooking for the establishment. Twelve boys also undertook the washing for all the prisoner boys. One half-day per month was allowed for sea bathing. A general inspection regarding each boy > cleanliness took place every Sunday morning at 10 o'clock. Captain ( )'Hara liooth, as commandant, residing at Port Arthur, being invariably present, in company with the superintendent and all other officers of the establishment. The free officers had comfortable quarters, a garden, a per- sonal ration, and one or two boys as servants, according to rank. The prisoner l)()ys' daily rations were as follows: — Flour, i;}41b. for bread and gruel; meat, ^Ib.; vegetables, .)41b.: salt, >^oz. ; soap, j4oz. This ration was for boys not under solitary confinement. Certain well-conducted boys and school monitors, cooks, and bakers were each allowed additional daily ration of — tea, 40Z. ; sugar, 40Z. l>ovs performing solitary confinement in cells were only allowed'daily lib. bread and as much water as they required. IVisoner adult overseers and watchmen were allowed the same daily ration as the boys not under confinement. Point Puer as a reformatory for boys was broken up about the year 1857. Its reformatory results were not con- sidered satisfactory, and it was considered also to be too closelv situated to the Port Arthur Penal Settlement. 46 Extracts from the Notks of ax Officer. Boys frecjucntly al)SCon(led, principally with a view to traffickino- with the other prisoners on the peninsula, but I do not remember a sing-le instance of any prisoner bov havinj^ esca])e(l from the peninsula to the mainland. If any boy told tales, or gave any information against his fellow prisoners, such informant was sure to be mobbed by a number of other boys and brutally ill-treated, therefore it was a rare occurrence to hear of any informant among the boys. T recollect, about the year 1842, a very wild happening among the boys in the dormitory. The principal figure was an adult prisoner overseer named Bundock, who was very much disliked. One night when on watch inside the dormitory, at a given signal by the boys, all the oil lamps were extinguished, and a furious attack was commenced on Bundock. Bricks were pulled from the fireplaces and hurled at the watchman, whose screams of "murder" soon brought the superintendent and other officers to his rescue, not. how- ever, until Bundock was severely wounded, and was after- wards in hospital for three months. As may be expected, when bricks are thrown in the dark they do not always find the intended mark, so that several boys were also severely. wounded in the afifray. About 30 whale oil lamps were spilt on the bedding. As no evidence could be adduced against the guilty parties, the commandant sentenced the whole of the boys — about 400 — to three months on the muster ground. As soon as these boys came from labour — morning, noon, and even- ing (Sundays excepted) — they were ranked up, two and three deep, and were made to stand erect until their meals were ready. After breakfast, dinner, and supper, a few minutes before the bell rang for labour or evening muster, they were supposed to obey their muster ground sentence; any absentee would get three days' solitary. No half-day holiday was allowed to those who received a muster ground sentence. EAGLEHAWK NECK. The narrow neck of land which joins the peninsulas of Tasman and Forestiers (about 150 yards wide), called Eagle- hawk Neck, was in charge of a military guard consisting of one lieutenant, one sergeant, two corporals, and 28 privates. Stri:\(;th oi- the Pp:xal Establishments. 47 Tlic o-uarcl room, a 1)rick l^uilding, was situated on the centre of the " neck," where two sentinels were posted by- day in a commanding position and four at night from sun- down till sunrise. Convenient to the guardroom was a lino of savage dogs — bull and mastiff. Each dog could reach to within six inches of each other, to the right or to the leit. T do not remember an instance of any absconder passing l)ctwecn tliis line of dogs. About 200 yards from the guardroom, towards Tasman Peninsula, there was another line of small sharp watch dogs, who, on giving the alarm of the approach of any person, attracted the notice of the large dogs and sentries, and also "brought out the whole of the guard under arms. There have l)een instances of prisoners escaping past Eaglehawk Xeck on either side in the water. Some would roll themselves up in long kelp or sea weed in shallow water, to make the sentries believe it to be a mass of floating- weed; others have swam some distance from shore with n l)ushel basket on their heads. Eaglehawk I Jay, on the west side of the neck, varies ii^ width from two miles to three miles. On either side were •consta])les' stations, at an ecjual distance apart. The strength at each was two sworn and acting constables and one pri- soner cook and wood cutter. A patrol under arms day and night was carried on at each of these stations, and, according to the number of absconders at large, so would the chief constable increase the number of his men, and would visit the whole of the stations at uncertain hours. Strength of tt7e Penal Establistiments on Tasman Peninsula in i844. Total niunber of prisoners 7? 105 Total number of free officers 835 Total number of military 317 48 Succession of Commandants. /uccession of Commandants at Port Arthur. I. 1830. — Dr. Russell. 2. Captain Mahon. 3. Major Briggs. 4. Captain Gibbons. 5. Captain C. O'Hara Booth. 6. W. T. N. Champ, Esq. 7. Major F. L. Jones. 8. G. H. Courtney, Esq. 9. James Boyd, Esq. 10. A. H. Boyd, Esq. 11. Dr. Coverdale. Sorrow Songs from Point Puer. The following poetical compositions form part of t. series from the accomplished pen of an unfortunate, long: since passed away, who had unhappily experienced, and who^ could feel, the anguish he so exquisitely and so touchingly depicts. This person, previous to obtaining his freedom, occupied a position on the scholastic staff of the Point Puer establishment. THE CAPTIVE. In every path of life, keen woes In dense array awaiting stand; But who the depths of suffering knows. Till banished from his native land. If o'er the exile's slumbers creep Sweet visions of the distant strand. Yet soon he wakes, and wakes to weep. As fades away his native land. And when he views with hope's bright eyes Vistas of opening l)liss expand, His chains alas! recall with sighs The memory of his native land. Sorrow Songs from Point Puer. 49 JUit, oh, if beaming mercy smiles And pity wave her angel hand — His heart forgets to grieve awhile, Forgets his lost — his native land. — 184T. MY NATIVE LAND. From the sweet islands of the South, That smile in sunny light And gem the bosom of the main, Like stars the brow of night ; Across the weary length of earth And many a wide, wide sea My soul springs back at one swift bound My Native Land, to thee! Though sever'd far, no stern decree My fixed affections move; No frowns of scorn, no arm of might, Can rend thee from my love, Dear as the light that rushes down In nature's glee — Dear as my own life-blood art thou My Native Land, to me! I'ull well I know thy hills are green, Thy vales are passing fair; That hears — the beautiful nnd brave — In pride and beauty there; I know thy deeds in arts and arms — Tliat thou art great and free; ])Ut are these all that bind my heart My Native Land, to thee? Ah, no! my dearest friends are thine. And all that kindred claim; Yes, she for whom my bosom burns With unextinguished flame; And he — my gentle boy — is there, Who breathes but love for me, E'en midst the fate that bears me far My Native Land, from thee! 50 Sorrow Songs from Point Puicr. For these beneath the glorious l)laze Of southern skies I sigh; For these amidst elysian fields The tear bedims mine eye; In vain the voice of kindred cheers, In vain the burst of glee ; My bounding spirit starts away My Native Land, to thee. Hope! in thy rainbow brightness rise O'er skies that frown the while ; Oh! spread thine arch upon the storm And bless me with thy smile. Oh! give me in thy radiant hues, Through parting clouds to see, One dear, sweet, promise of return My Native Land, to thee! Point Puer, i/i 2/1841 THE " ISLE DES MORTS," OR DEAD MAN'S ISLAND. L'isle^des Morts is a very small island in the Bay of Port Arthur, Van Diemen's Land. It forms the burial place for the penal establishment of Port Arthur and the adjacent juvenile establishment at Point Puer. A few free people are interred there, but the silent occupants of this beautiful little island are principally convicts. Isle of the dead! well might Thy verdant l)osom be. The last retreat of honour fair. The death-home of the free ! But, mouldering there, the slave of crime, And wretch of blighted name Sink in the dread repose of guilt, To rest in graves of shame. Isle of the exil'd dead! To distant regions borne, From 'one dear land their bleeding hearts A word of fire had torn; Justice looked forth, with withering frown, And shook the avenging brand; Whilst law rais'd up his arm of might, And spurn'd them from the strand! Sorrow Songs from Point Pukr. 51 Isle of the homeless dead! Within thy rock-bound breast, Full many a heart that throbb'd for home, Now find untroubl'd rest; For home, alas! they throbb'd in vain; A mother's fond caress, A father's care, a sister's smile, Had ceas'd their hearts to bless. Isle of the fetter'd dead! Oft pity, weeping, stood. To hear the clash of penal chains, To see their tears of blood ; But now, within the silent grave, Their earthly bondage o'er. The clanking chain, the writhing lash. Are heard and felt no more! Isle of the unwep't dead! When, 'midst the pcrfum'd shade Of trees that wave in beauty there. The last sad rites are paid; No bursts of hallow'd grief are heard. No sighs of untold woe; No eyes look dimly through their tears ( )n him that sleeps below. Isle of tlic uiircmember'd dead! Nought of whose names remain, Save one dark page of guilt that tells They died amidst their chains; No stone, with sculptured record, marks The spot where they repose; And friendship, turned to scorn, forgets, Their nuMuory in their woes. Isle of the unlionorVl dead! When death's dread summons calls, No cries bespeak a nation's grief, No pageant decks their fall; No echoing shouts of trumpet fame Rise pealing o'er their grave; Their recpiiem is the breaker's dash, Their dirge, the sounding wave. ^2 Sorrow Soxes from Point Puer. Isle of the unsolac'd dead ! Oh where, when, o'er their frame, The icy thrill of death's cold touch, And mortal anguish came; Oh, where was then affection's hand To close the fading eye? The soft, sweet words of love, to soothe That hour of agony? Isle of the deathless dead ! The dead in thee that rest. Though spurn'd till life itself was death, May, even in death, be bless'd ; An angel's wing, a seraph's plume, Their new-born life may 1)ear To realms where woe forgets to weep, To chainless freedom there! — Point Puer, 184T, Ri-coRDs FROM Comptroller-Gexeral's Offick. 53 Records from the Office of the Comptroller-General of Convids. <(This Department of the Imperial Government Service was abolished after the cessation of transportation.) JOHX , No. 1,782. Arrived at Van Diemen's Land August 16, 1839, per Egyptian. Tried Central Criminal Court, August 20, 1838. Seven years. Transported for larceny. Gaol report — House of correction twice. Hulk report — Good. Stated this offence — Steal- ing clothes from my brother; again for robbing my brother. Twice for same — one month each. Surgeon's report — A cjireless, smart boy, constantly in petty scrapes. Trade Labourer Eyebrows Brown Height 4ft. 4in. Eyes Hazel Age 12 years Nose Small Complexion Sallow Mouth Large Hea(l Round Chin Medium Hair Rrown Native place . . . . London \'isage Oval Remarks. — Heart and mark Eorehead \j)w left arm. October i, 1839 (Point Tuer). — Absenting himself from the estal)lishment, and remaining so until brought back in custody. Twenty-four hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. October 23, 1839 (Point Puer). — Absenting himself from the establishment and remaining so until l)rought back- in custody. Twelve stripes on the breech. November 18, 1839 (Point Puer). — Being beyond the bounds without authority. Six days' solitary confine- ment on bread and water. January 2, 1840 (Point Puer). — Absenting himself from the establishment without leave. Eighteen stripes on the breech. January 9, 1840 (Point Puer). — Absenting himself without leave. Twenty stripes on the breech. February 19, 1840 (Point Puer). — Stating a wilful falsehood. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. 54 KKCORDS from CoMI'TROlJvKK-CJFXKKAl/s OfFICK. April 3^ 1840 (Point Puer). — Insolence and having- the blade of a knife improperly in possession. Forty-eight hours*^ solitary confinement on bread and water. July I, 1840 (Point Puer). — Having a spoon in possession contrary to orders. Twenty-four hours' solitary con- finement on bread and water. December 26, 1840 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Five days' solitary confinement on bread and water. January 13, 1841 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Twenty stripes on breech. January 21, 1841 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Ten days' solitary confinement on bread and water. February 12, 1841 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Twenty stripes on the breech. April 14^ 1 84 1 (Point Puer). — Disorderly conduct on the chain. Five days' solitary confinement on bread and water. June I, 1 841 (Point Puer). — Misconduct in using improper language to the overseer. Four days' solitary confine- ment on bread and water. June 23, 1 841 (Point Puer). — Repeated disorderly conduct. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement. December 31, 1841 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Twenty-five stripes on the breech. January 28, 1842 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Two months' labour in chains. March 3, 1842 (Point Puer). — Disorderly conduct. Five days' solitary confinement on bread and water. May 27, 1842 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Ten days' solitary confinement. November 7, 1842 (Point Puer). — Absent without leave. Twenty-five stripes on the breech. Novem1)er 9, 1842 (Point Puer). — Misconduct. Seven days' solitary confinement. November 21, 1842 (Point Puer). — Insolence to the super- intendent. Ten days' solitary confinement. December 19, 1842. — Misconduct in sleeping out of his berth, and further, with breaking up the flooring of his silent apartment. J/^ourteen days' solitary confinement. January 7, 1843 (Point Puer). — Misconduct in having a quantity of potatoes improperly in his possession. Five (lays' solitary confinement. .March 4, 1843 (Point Puer).— Absent without leave. luour- teen days' solitary confinement. RELICS OF CONVICT DISCIPLINE. J. W. Beattie. Hobart Records from Comptr()i.ler-Gp:xkral's Office. 57 May I, 1843 (Point Puer). — Misconduct in losing or making away with his Government blanket. Seven days' soli- tary confinement. August 2^, 1843 (Point Puer). — Misconduct in having a stick secreted contrary to orders. Twenty-five stripes on the breech. October 25, 1843 (Point Puer). — Striking his fellow pri- soner. Fourteen days' solitary confinement. November 2;^, 1843 (Point Puer). — Refusing to work. Four- teen days' solitary confinement. December 15, 1843 (Point Puer). — Absconding. Existing sentence extended six months. January 31, 1844 (Xew Town Farm). — Absent from his gang. Three months' hard labour in chains: Ross chain gang. Febniary 5, 1844 (Ross Chain Ciang). — Misconduct. Four- teen days' solitary confinement. September 6, 1844 (Koss Chain Gang). — Absent without leave. Seven days' solitary confinement. February i, 1845 (I^oss Chain (iang). — Misconduct, h'orty- eight hours' solitary confinement. May 14, 1845 (Ro.ss Chain (iang). — Assault. Fourteen days' solitary confinement. May 31, 1845 (Ross Chain Gang). — Misconduct. Four days' solitary confinement. June 31, 1845 (Ross Chain Gang). — Larceny. Discharged. ( )ctober 5, 1845 (Ross Chain Gang). — Misconduct. Four days' solitary confinement. November 25, 1845 (Ross). — Insolence and smoking in the ranks. Seven daxs' solitarv confiiienuMit. ROliERT , No. 2,029. Arrived at \'an Diemen's Land May, 1836, per Elphinstone. Tried Glasgow, September 8, 1835. l^^ourteen years. Trade Eyebrows Light Height 4ft. 5>2in. Eyes — Right eye half grey Age 13 in 1836 half blue, left grey Complexion Paie Nose Long Head Oval Mouth M.W. Hair Light flaxen Chin M.L. Whiskers Native place .... Greenock Visage Oval Remarks. — Small scar on Forehead High right and left cheeks. 58 Rp:cords from C()mi'tr()li.er-Ge\i:kal's Office. Transported for theft by lioiisebreaking. (jaol report — Once in Bridewell. Hulk report — Good. Stated this offence — Housebreaking and stealing plate. Tried witii Daniel McDonald on board. I have been in gaol so often I cannot recollect how many times. Surgeon's report — Stubborn temper, diligent at school, and greatly improved. October 19, 1836 (Point Puer). — Falsely accusing his over- seer with striking him and a series of misconduct. Fi\ e days' solitary confinement on bread and water. Same date. — ^Talking in the cells. Twelve lashes on the breech. December i, 1836 (Point Puer). — F'ighting. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. February 18, 1837 (Point Puer). — Gambling on the Sabbatlu Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. April I, 1837 (Point Puer). — Having missiles concealed in his bedding, several having been thrown at overseets in barracks at night. Fifteen stripes on the breech. August 3, 1837 (Point Puer). — Molesting a fellow boy while at work. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. October 2, 1837 (Point Puer). — Breach of the school regula- tions. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. November 20, 1837 (Point Puer). — Having canvas im- properly in his possession. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. December 20, 1837 (Point Puer). — Disorderly conduct in the gaol yard. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. February 12, 1838 (Point Puer). — Irregular conduct at mus- ter. Tw^o days' solitary confinement on bread and water. March 2y, 1838 (Point Puer). — Misconduct during divine service. Four days' solitary confinement on bread auvl water. May 18, 1838 (Point Puer). — Maltreating a fellow boy or conniving at same. Forty-eight hours' solitary confine- ment on bread and water. June 28, 1838 (Point Puer). — Fighting. Eighteen stripes on the breech. July 21, 1838 (Point Puer). — Threatening violence to his- overseer. Five days' solitary confinement on bread and water. Records from Comptrollkr-Gexeral's Office. 59 August 4, 1838 (Point Puer). — Attempting- to secrete rations under the mess table. Forty-eight hours' solitary con- finement on bread and water. September i, 1838 (Point Puer). — Fighting. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. December 18, 1838 (Point Puer). — Plghting. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. January 19, 1839 (Point Puer). — Fighting. Five days' soli- tary confinement on bread and water. January 29, 1839 (Point Puer). — Gambling. Two days' soli- tary confinement on bread and water. February 14, 1839 (Point Puer). — Being beyond the bounds without authority, and wilfully destroying a shoemaker s apron. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. June 21, 1839 (Point Puer). — Contemptuous conduct on leaving the office. Forty-eight hours' solitary confine- ment on bread and water. July 3, 1839 (Point Puer). — Absent from his gang without authority. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. January 16, 1840 (Point Puer). — General misconduct. Twenty stripes on the breech. REMOX'ED TO HOBART TOWN. December 13, 1841 (Hobart Town). — Just received frou) Point Puer — Disorderly conduct Ten days' solitary confinement. January 3, 1842. — Misconduct. Twelve months' hard labour in chains, jind rcconuncndcd to be removed to Port Arthur. December 21, 1843 (Port Arthur). — Misconduct in having tobacco improperly in possession. Three days' solitary confinement. February 15 (Port Arthur). — ^Misconduct in having boots improperly repaired. Five days' solitary confinement. April I, 1844 (Port Arthur). — Disorderly conduct. Repri- manded. April 15, 1844 (Port Arthur). — ^Misconduct in being in a hut to which he did not belong. Seven days' solitary con- finement. June 18, 1844 (Port Arthur). — Having a knife improperly in possession contrary to orders. One month hard labour in chains. 6o Records from Comptroller-GeneraIv's Office. November 22, 1844 (Port Arthur). — Misconduct in having lasts improperly in possession. Six weeks' hard laborr in chains. February 22, 1845 (Port Arthur). — Misconduct in assaulting Jas. Osborne. Three days' solitary confinement. March 18, 1845 (Port Arthur). — Misconduct in having his face disfigured. Fourteen days' separate apartments. April 5, 1845 (Port Arthur). — Misconduct in having his face disfigured by fig'hting. Fourteen days' solitary con- finement. May I, 1845 (Port Arthur). — Refusing to work. Separate apartments until further orders. May 14, 1845 (Port Arthur). — Idleness. Fourteen days' separate apartments. REMOVED TO ROSS. October 10, 1845 (Ross). — First class. January 17, 1846 (Ross). — Fighting. Twenty-four hours cells. March 9, 1846 (Ross P.W.). — Assaulting Overseer Muldon. Nine months' hard labour in chains. WILLIAM , No. 1,089. Arrived at \"an Diemen's Land September 29, 1838, per Minerva. Tried Cani- Ijridge, January i, 1838. Seven years. Trade Eyes Grey Height 4ft. 4>4in. Nose Small Age 14 year;3 Mouth Small Complexion Pale Chin Small Head Round Native place. Hair Reddish Remarks.— J.W.H.F. right Whiskers arm, ring on middle finger. Visage Round right hand, anchor and I? Forehead Low on left arm, ring on ring Eyebrows Dark finger left hand. Transported for stealing a watch, value 50s. Gaol report — Character very bad. Hulk report — Orderly. Stated this offence — Stealing a watch, once sacrilege one month; seven times in prison for theft. Brother Edwarvl was transported about three years ago. Records from Comptroller-General's Office. 6t December ii. 1838 (Point Puer). — Being on the rocks con- trary to orders, insolence, and disorderly conduct. Fortv-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. December 18, 1838 (Point Puer). — x\bsenting himself from the nuister ground when confined thereto. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. December 26, 1838 (Point Puer). — Disorderly conduct In the gaol yard. Fifteen stripes on the breech. Januarv 9, i83() (Point Puer). — With insolence to the super- intendent. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. January 19, 1839 (i'oint Puer). — Disorderly conduct and in- solence. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. March 11, 1839 (Point Puer). — Shirt wantonly destroyed and insolence. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. March 21, 1839 (Point Puer). — Absent from the establish- nicnl and remaining so until brought l)ack in custody. ICighteen stripes on the breech. March 2y, 1839 (Point Puer). — Throwing stones contrary to orders and misconduct after hours. Twelve stripes un the breech. April 10, 1839 (Point Puer). — Changing his sleeping berth without authority. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. April 19, 1839 (Point Puer). — Misconduct in l)arracll)ruary 20, 1846 (Saltwater River). — Insolence to Mr. Catechist Crooke in the execution of his duty. Ten days' solitary. May 2(j. 1846 (Saltwater River). — Absent from the station without leave. Recomt. that his period of probation be extended one month. Appd. January 12, 1847 (Westbury). — Disobeying orders and ab- senting himself without leave. Six weeks' hard labour. February 6, 1847 (Deloraine). — Misconduct in disobeying the orders of his overseer and behaving in a most in- solent manner. Four months' hard labour in addition to existing sentence. l\'l)ruary 6, 1847 ( Westbury). — Absconding from the public works at Deloraine on the ninth day of February last. Eighteen months' hard labour cells, to be removed tc Pjrt Arthur. Augurt 29, 1849 — Absconding un October i, 1847, ^^"<^^ ^"-- maining illegally at large until apprehended on Augur-t i^, 1849. Eighteen months' hard labour cells. April 2}^, 1850 (Cascades, Tasman's Peninsula). — Absent without leave. Six months' hard labour in addition to his existing sentence. 68 Records from Comptroller-General's Office. July g, 1850 (Cascades). — Absconding from the station on 5th inst. Imprisonment and hard labour cells, in addi- tion to his existing sentence, 12 months. September 30, 1850 (Cascades). — Positively refusing to go out to work. Fourteen days' solitary confinement. June 16, 1 85 1 (Sorell). — Suspicion stealing. Discharged. June 17, 1851 (Sorell). — Absconding. Eighteen months' hard labour cells. To be sent to Port Arthur and placed in three new cells under strict separate treatment till for- warded to Norfolk Island, and to serve 18 months' probation in extension of last sentence to hard labour. ARRIVED NORFOLK ISLAND SEPTEMBER 14, 1851. December 10, 1851. — Insolence. Three months hard labour cells. December 30, 1851. — Having coffee improperly in posses- sion. Six months' hard labour cells. Disobedience of orders. — Ten days' solitary confinement. April 2^, 1852. — Neglect of duty and telling a lie. Fifty lashes. Recomd. three months' additional probation. May 3, 1852. — Disobedience of orders. Two months hard labour cells. July 19, 1852. — Disobeying orders. Fourteen days' solitary confinement. Augvist 19, 1852. — Having tobacco improperly. Six months hard labour cells. January 12, 1853. — Having tobacco improperly. Ten days' solitary confinement. April 18, 1853. — Having tobacco improperly. Ten days' soli- tary confinement. Same date. — Insubordination and refusing to obey orders. Fourteen days' solitary confinement. PORT ARTHUR. May 20, 1854 (Port Arthur). — Disobedience of orders. Four- teen days solitary confinement. August 4, 1855 (Port Arthur). — Harbouring a runaway ap- prentice. Nine months' hard labour. August 6, 1855. — Wilfully damaging a public building by breaking a hole through the ceiling of the watchhouse and attempting to escape. Nine months' hard labour in chains, to commence at the expiration of existing sentence. J^in. Forehead Low Age 19, 18.H3 Eyebrows.. .. Light brown Complexion Fresii Xose Small Head .Medium size Mouth Medium Hair Light brow 1 Chin Round Eyes Cirey Native place Jersev Whiskers Xone Transported for stealing two pairs of hoots. Stated this offence stealing two pairs of boots. ( )nce for vagrancy, fourteen days. August ly, 1832. — Absconding. Ten days' solitary confine- ment on bread and water. J)eceniber 10, 1832 (I'ublic Works). — Absconding. Six months' im])risonment hard labour. l'\'])ruarv 21. 1833 (^bain (iangj. — Idleness and neglect of duty. Twent}' lashes. Marcli 9, 1833 (l*ublic Works). — Xeglect of work and dis- obedience of orders. Twenty-five lashes. Ai)ril 6, 1833 (Launceston Chain (iang). — Idleness, h^ifteen lashes. May 21, 1833 (Launceston Chain (Iang). — Constantly idle. Twenty-five lashes. May 2y, 1833 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Fighting in tiie street when returning from work. Two months' im- prisonment, seven days' hard labour in addition to his former sentence. June 5, 1833 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Disobedience of orders. Twenty-five lashes. September 23, 1833 (Launceston Fu])lic Works). — Abscond- ing, h^ifty lashes. May 9, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Repeated idleness. Thirty lashes. June 26, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Xeglect of work. Twenty-five lashes. July 12, 1834 (Liumceston Chain Gang). — Xeglect of work. Twenty-five lashes. July 29, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Neglect of work. Fiftv lashes. yo Rkc()Ri;s from Co.mptrollkk-Gkxkral's OFFrcK. August 5^ 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Disobedience of orders. Seven days' solitary confinement on bread and water. August 26, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Neglect of work. Fifty lashes. September 2, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Disobeying orders. Fourteen days' solitary confinement on bread and water. September 18, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Neglect of work. Reprimanded. r)ctober 10, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Disobeying orders. One month's hard labour. October 12, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Wilfully breaking his irons. Twenty-five lashes, and seven davs' solitary confinement on bread and water. November 2, 1834 (Launceston Chain (jang). — Repeated idleness. Twenty-five lashes. November 18, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Attempting to abscond. Three months' imprisonment and hard labour. Notman's gang recommended. November 21, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Neglect of duty. Twenty-five lashes. November 26, 1834 (Launceston Chain Gang). — Insubor- dination in refusing to work. Fifty lashes. December 4, 1834 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Repeated neglect of work. Fifty lashes. December 19, 1834 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Repeated neglect of work. Twenty-five lashes. December 31, 1834 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Neglect of duty. Twenty-five lashes. January 7, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Neglect of worl:. Twenty-five lashes. January 14, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Neglect of work. Reprimanded. January ly, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Neglect 01 work and idleness. Twenty-five lashes. March i, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang).— Neglect of work. Fourteen days' hard labour. April 2. 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang).— Idleness. C^nc month's hard labour. April 3, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Neglect of wor':. Fourteen days' hard labour in addition to his former sentence. lXTr:RIOR CHURCH. J. W. Real tie, Hobart. Records from Comptrollkr-Gexeral's Office, y^^ April 9, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Neglect of work and quarrelling. Twenty lashes. April 14, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — One month's hard labour in addition to his former sentence. AJay 6, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Continuously using profane language. Twenty-one days' solitary confine- ment on bread and water. June 5, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Disobedience of orders. Twenty lashes. December 22, 1835 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Having a pair of trousers in his possession for which he could not satisfactorily account, and insolence. Fifty lashes. Ahirch 13, 1836 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Absconding. Original sentence of transportation extended three years. March 31, 1836 (Notman's Chain Gang). — Secreting him- self with intent to abscond. Six months' imprisonment and hard labour. I'ridgcwatcr Chain Gang recom- mended. Same Date. — Profane swearing in the presence of the magistrate. Thirty-five lashes. Jul\ 3, 1836 (Hridgewater Chain Gang). — Not performing his work as directed by his overseer. Seven days' soli- tary confinement. To be sent to Port Arthur. July 14, 1836 (Port Arthur). — Continued idleness. Seven days' solitary confinement. Seiyteml)er 17, 1836 (Port Arthur). — Having tobacco. One month chain gang. December 3, 1836 (Port Arthur). — Repeated idleness. Reprimanded. February 9, 1837 (Port Anhur). — Improper conduct in the shoemaker's shop. Five days' solitary confinement. March 12, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Idleness. Five days' soli- tary confinement. April 14, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Talking during muster for divine service. Tliree days' solitary confinement. June 20, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Purchasing a pair of Govern- ment boots from a fellow ])risoner. Fourteen days in irons. August 5, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Idleness this day. Three days' solitary confinement. August 17, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Making use of disgraceful language. Five days' solitary confinement. 74 Records from Comptroller-General's Office. September 30, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Talking in the ccll.^ contrary to orders. Three days' soHtary confinement on bread and water. October 4, 1837 (Port Arthur). — Talking in the cells con- trary to orders. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water in addition to present sentence. March 9, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Quarrelling at his work and making use of most improper language. Three week's No. I Chain Gang. March 20, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Being asleep during divine service. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. March 31, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Repeated idleness and refus- ing to do his work. Fourteen days No. 2 Chain Gang. April 19, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Disorderly conduct when going to school. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. May 22, 1838 (Port Arthur). — ^Talking during muster for church service. Fourteen days No. 2 Chain Gang. May 2.6, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Out of their cell, and groi^s- and obscene language to a watchman in the execution of his duty. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. May 27, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Talking in his cell when under solitary confinement. Three days' solitary con- finement on bread and water in addition to foniKT sentence. June 20, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Insolence to the gatekeeper. Three weeks No. 2 Chain Gang. June 29, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Having bread secreted on his person without authority. Three weeks No. 3 Chain Gang in addition to former sentence. July 15, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Talking in his cell. Fourteen days No. 3 Chain Gang in addition. August 29, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Most improper conduct during divine service. Five days' solitary confinement on bread and water. August 7, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Improper conduct during divine service. Four days' solitary confinement on bread and water. August II, 1838 (Port Arthur).— Talking in his cell. Three days' soHtary confinement on bread and water in addition. Records from Comptroller-General's Office. 7}^ September 5, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Having- a piece of cloth in his possession for which he could not satisfactorily account. Three days' solitary confinement on bread and water. September 19, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Idleness. Fourteen days No. 2 Chain Gang. September 25, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Talking in his cell and subsequent laughing since being placed at the bar for trial. Twenty-five stripes. January 24, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Idleness. Fourteen days No. 2 Chain (iang. I^^bruary 9, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Impudence. Fourteen days No. 2 Chain Gang. February 19, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Leaving the ranks con- trary to orders. 1^'ourteen days No. 3 Chain Gang in addition to former sentence. June 21, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Emptying the tubs in the Penitentiary Yard, contrary to orders. Three weeks to No. 3 Chain Gang. July 6, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Idleness and insolence. Twenty-five stripes. July 26, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Giving in his name to attend the hospital and not doing so agreeably to regulations. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. August 30, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Idleness. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement on bread and water. August 4, 1838 (Port Arthur). — Not performing the work ordered. Tliree weeks Xo. 3 Chain C^ang. August 22, 1839 (Port Arthur). — Idleness and insolence. Three weeks No. 3 Chain Gang. GEORGE , No. 580. Arrived at Van Diemen's Land July, 1824, per Phoenix 2. Tried Middlesex September 10, 1823. Life. Trade Baker J'^orehead Higli Height 5ft. 3>2in. Eyebrows .... Dark brown Age 28, 1835 Eyes Brown Complexion Pale Nose Smail Head . . Medium size, rounvr ;^ nt fjAUD HOVTt r.«.v.i/.i.v:v /•iJAlvi'rAa ^ 5r u CHART TASMAN PENINSULA. J. W. Beattie, Hobarf. Records from Comptroller-Genkral's Offick. 85 Again tried Richmond Quarter Sessions July 21, 1845, ^I'l*-^ sentenced life. Transported for larceny of a watch value £6 and a gold ring value 30s. To be sent to Norfolk Island for four years. December 31, 1845. — Neglect of duty. Admonished. February 26, 1846. — Misconduct in using abusive language to Sub-overseer James IJrown. Seven days' solitary confinement. Arrived at Norfolk Island August 22, 1845. F)etention, four years. ?s larch i, 1847 (Norfolk Island). — Insolence to Commissary Mollineaux. Admonished. July 31, 1847 (Norfolk Island).- -Misconduct in malingering. Imprisonment with hard labour in chains seven days. August 5, 1847 (Norfolk Island). — Idleness. Imprisonment with hard labour in chains four months. August 7, 1847 (Norfolk Island). — Misconduct in exciting the mind of Jacob Small to assault boatman Morris. Imprisonment with hard labour in chains extended nine calendar months. Se])teml)cr 4, 1847 (Norfolk Island). — Idleness. Thirty-six lashes. .Same Date. — Absent from his work without leave. Solitary confinement fourteen days. N()vcm])er 11, 1847 (Norfolk Island). — Misconduct in l)eing dirty in his habits. Solitary confinement forty-eight hours. January 28, 1848 (Norfolk Island). — Misconduct in having tobacco improperly in possession. Solitary confinement ten days. June 10, 1848 (Norf(3lk Island). — Wilfully making false statement. Ten days' cells. July 25, 1848 (Norfolk Island). — Smoking improperly. riiirty-rix lashes. Same Date. — Destroying (Government book. Fourteen days^ solitary confinement. January 2, 1850 (Norfolk Island). — Disrespect. Fourteen days' imprisonment hard labour cells. , ]'>bruary 13, 1850 (Norfolk Island). — Neglect of duty. h\)urteen days' imprisonment hard labour cells. July 9, 1850 (Norfolk Island). — Disobedience orders. Twr> months' imprisonment hard labour cells. August 19, 1850 (Norfolk Island). ^Disobedience orders. Two months' hard labour cells. 84 Records from ComptrolIvEr-General's Office. October i, 1850. — Disobedience orders. Seven days' im- prisonment hard labour cells. December 31, 1850 (Norfolk Island). — Using indecent lan- guage. One month hard labour cells. VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. Arrived from Norfolk Island June 12, 185 1. Passholder eligible for hire at Launceston Hiring Depot, not enter private service in the districts of Hobart Town or Richmond. October 14, 1851. — Absconding. Reward, £2. September 2.y, 1851 (Public Works, Launceston). — Making away with Government property. Nine months' hard labour. October 31, 1851 (Prisoners' Barracks, Launceston). — Absconding. Eighteen months' hard labour cells Salt- water River, and to serve eight months in probation on expiration of this sentence. January 18, 1853. — Neglect of duty. Existing sentence to hard labour extended to one month. November 16, 1853 (King). — Out after hours. Returned to Government. January 4, 1854 (Hobbs). — Absconding. Twelve months' hard labour Tasman's Peninsula. Approved Saltwater River. EXTRACTS FROM THE RECORDS OF THE HOUSE OF CORRECTION FOR FEMALES, CASCADES, HOBART TOWN. February 3, 1854 — A , Sarah (Dk. Northd.). — Breach of regulations in talking in the mess room. Three days' punishment dress on bread and water. February 7, 1854 — B , Eliza (E. and Henry). — Dis- orderly conduct in the mess room. Seven days' punish- ment dress — first three days on bread and water. February 7, 1854 — C , Ellen (Earl Grey).— ^Breach of the regulations in talking in her cell after being locked at 6.30. Admonished. February 10, 1854 — D , Bridget (A. Maria). — Insolence to Constable Strawson. Forty-eight hours' punishment dress on bread and water. Rkcokds from C()mi»troller-General's Offick. 85 I'Y'bruary 13, 1854 — E , Mary (Aurora). — Disorderly conduct when confined in her cell. Remanded for tlie attendance of the night constable. J'>l)ruary 13, 1854— F , Mary (J. W. Dare).— Loud talk and laughinc^ durin"^ the hours of labour. Three days' punishment dress on bread and water. ^>bruary 14 — G , Sarah (Free). — Dirty apartment. Three days' solitary confinement. h\M)ruary 14, 1854 — H , Mary (Aurora). — Brought up remanded from yesterday. Three days' bread and water, and ordered to l)e confined to apartments ten days. I\>l)ruary 16. 1854 — I , Bridget (Sir R. Seppings). — Disorderly conduct in her apartment. Ordered to be confined to her a])artment one week. ]^\d)ruary 16, 1854 — J , Margaret (J. W. Dare). — Inter- marrying with P. , a private of the 99th Regiment without the permission of the Lieutenant-Governor. Remanded for \'.M. i^'ebruary 21, 1854 — K , Catherine (Ds. Northd.). — Hav- ing tobacco impro])erly in her possession. Tliree days' solitary confinement. l'>l)ruary 21, 1854 — L , My Ann (J. W. Dare). — Making a false statement to the surgeon. To be specially re- ported to the C.(i. l*\'bruary 21. 1854 — M , Ann (A. Maria). — Talking in her cell when in solitary treatment in F. Division at 6.30 p.m. Three days' bread and water. February 22.^ 1854 — X , Rosannah (Midlothian). — Behaving in a disorderly manner when proceeding from the police office. Three days' .solitary confinement. February 2^. 1854 — C) , Jessie (Sir R. Seppings). — Disorderly conduct when confined in C. Division. Three days' solitary confinement. February 24, 1854 — P , Sarah (Barretto, Junr.). — Be- having in a disorderly manner at the mess table. Seven days' punishment dress, first three on bread and water. February 24, 1854 — Q , Mary (Australasia). — Behaving in a disorderly manner on returning from chapel. Fourteen days' strict separate treatment, first three on bread and water and punishment dress. March 3, 1854 — R , Mary (Australasia). — Insolence on being removed from her cell. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement. 86 Ri-:c()Ri^s FROM Comptkollkr-GfnKral's Office. March 4, 1854 — S , ^^Ir.rgaret (Tory 2nd). — Behaving in a disorderly manner in F. Division on the 3rd inst.; disobedience of regulations in having bread and ment in her possession. Three days' solitary confinement, and to be brought up on the second charge. March 8, 1854 — T , Sarah (Free). — Breach regulations in leaving her apartment. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement. March 8, 1854 — U , Margaret (Tory 2nd). — Disobedi- ence of regulations in having bread and meat in her possession. Three days' solitary confinement. March 10, 1854 — V , Mary (Blackfriar). — Neglect of her orphan child. Brickfields. March 13, 1854 — W , Sarah (Free). — Talking in the Separate x\partment after being locked up. Three days' solitary confinement, confined to apartment fourteen days. March 20, 1854 — X , Margaret (Ds. Northd.). — Breach of regulations in having bread and meat in her posses- sion. Three days' solitary confinement. March 15, 1854 — Y , Winifred (J. W. Dare). — Being asleep on watch at Brickfields. Credit stopped during the time she has been in the watch. March 2^^ 1854 — Z , Sarah (Free). — Talking when con- fined in Separate Apartment. Three days' solitary con- finement. ]\Iarch 22^, 1854 — Za , Catherine (Midlothian). — Loud talking in the workshop. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement. March 22,, 1854 — Zb , Margaret (Tory 2nd). — Disorderly conduct in striking a fellow prisoner. Three days' soli- tary confinement. F.O.'s, viz., expiration of sentence and conduct to be reported. March 23, 1854 — AA , Eliza (Elizabeth and Henry). — Disorderly conduct on being removed from the laundry. Three davs' solitary confinement. Separate Treatment. F.O.'s. March 24, 1854 — BB , Maria (Martin Luther). — Dis- orderly conduct in the mess room. Six night duties. March 29, 1854 — CC , M. A. (J. W. Dare). — Behaving in a disorderly manner in the wash yard. Forty-eiglii; hours' solitary confinement. RiCCORDS FR(JM Comptroller-General's Offick. 87 Aiarch 30, 1854 — DD , Honora (Maria). — Breach regu- lations in singing and dancing in her cell. Three days* solitary confinement. April 4, 1854 — EE , Johanna (J. W. Dare). — Idle and loud talking during the hours of labour. Seven days' punishment dress, first three on bread and water. April 10, 1854— in^^ , Maria (Martin Luther).— Dis- orderly conduct in the dormitory in throwing the tubs aljout. Thirteen days' solitary, and ordered six weeks' past credit stopped off six months' sentence. April II, 1854 — GG , Ann (Anna Maria). — Improperly threatening to report an officer. Admonished. April 13, 1854 — HH, Honora (Maria). — Talking after being locked up in Separate x\partment at 6.30 ]).m. Three days' bread and water, and ordered to be confined to apartment for seven days. A])ril 20, 1854 — II , Catherine (Sir R. Seppings). — Per- forming her work in an improper manner and making an insolent reply. Ordered two months' past credit t(; be stopped. April 2;^, 1854 — J J , Winifred (J. \V. Dare). — Being on duty with McGuire and allowing her to sleep. Credit sto])ped. A])ril 2^^, 1854 — KK , Mary (Blackfriar). — Misconduct — being found in the Comptroller's garden. Six months' hard labour. Sejnember 11, 1852 — Ai , Ann (Stately). — Destroying an a])ron. I^ismissed. September 11,, 1852 — A2 , Elizabeth (Baretto, Junr.). — Talking in Separate Apartment. Dismissed. September 20, 1852 — A3 , Ann (Aurora). — Disorderly conduct. Three days' bread and water. September 11, 1852 — A4 , Mary (Lord Auckland). — Dirty and disrespectful. Three days' bread and water, black cap and short-sleeved jacket fourteen days. September 14, 1852 — A5 , Ellen. (Maria) — Having two extra petticoats. Three days' bread and water, black cap and short-sleeved jacket fourteen days. September 16, 1852 — A6 , Mary (Duke Cornwall). — Loud talking at work. Three days' bread and water, and to be kept at the wash tub. September 21, 1852 — Ay , Ellen (Duke Cornwall). — Not performing her work properly. Three days' solitary confinement. 88 Records from Comptroli.kr-Gknkral's Offick. September 21, 1852— A8 , Mary (Baretta, funr.).— Having a tobacco pipe in her possession in the lirick- fields. Temporarily detained fourteen days. September 21, 1852— A9 , Mary (Aurora). — Neglect of duty. Ten days' extra duty. September 23, 1852 — Bi- , Susan (Auroa). — Loud talk. Three days' bread and water. September 2y, 1852 — B2 , Margaret (Auroa). — Inso- lence. Seven days' black cap. September 27, 1852 — B3 , Elizabeth (Tory). — Talking at muster. Three days' bread and water, black cap one week. September 2y, 1852 — A7 , Ellen (Duke Cornwall). — Profane language. Three days' bread and water, four- teen days' Separate Treatment when not at labour. October 4, 1852 — B5 , Mary (St. Vincent). — Disorderly conduct. Three days' bread and water. October 4, 1852 — B6 , Ann (Anna Maria). — Talking in chapel. Three days' bread and water. October 4, 1852 — B7 , Margaret (Sir R. Seppings).— ■ Disorderly conduct in the ward. Ten days' extra duty. Credit stopped. October 7, 1852— B8 , Mary A. (Anna Maria).— Allow- ing talking and neglect of work. Seven days' extra duty and credit stopped. October 7, 1852 — Ai , Ann (Stately). — Disorderly con- duct. Admonished. October 11, 1852 — A7 , Ellen (Duke Cornwall). — Hav- ing a pocket. Forty-eight hours' bread and water. October 11, 1852 — B8 , M. A. (Anna Maria).— Asleep on her post. Admonished. October 14, 1852 — A3 , Ann (Aurora). — Disorderly con- duct. Black cap, seven days. October 20, 1852 — B9 , Jane (Sir R. Seppings). — Talk- ing to a prisoner in the free yard. October 21, 1852 — B2 , Margaret (Aurora).— Spilling oil in the ward. Admonished. October 22., 1852 — B2a , Mary (Blackfriar). — Mi con- duct. Three days' bread and water, wash tub. October 22, 1852 — B9 , Jane (Sir R. Seppings). — Not alert in answering the night officer. Three days' bread and water, black cap, fourteen days' detained, no credit Records from ComptrolIvEr-General's Office. 89 October 22, 1852— Ci , Hannah (Barreta, Junr.).— Giv- ing gruel to the watchwoman in her cell. To be strictly confined to her apartment. October 22, 1852 — C2 , Mary (Anna Maria). — Pulling bricks out of her apartment at H . Remanded for Visiting Magistrate. < )ctober 2}^, 1852 — C^ , Ann (St. Vincent). — Talking in solitary confinement. Three days' bread and water. October 23, 1852 — B2 , Margaret (Aurora). — Neglect of duty. Three days' bread and water, punishment dress one week, wash tub, and return to duty. October 26, 1852 — B9 , Jane (Sir R. Seppings). — Mis- conduct. Punishment dress extended one week. October 26, 1852 — A7 , Ellen (Duke of Cornwall). — Altering her clothing. Three days' bread and water and punishment dress fourteen days. Octol)er 26, 1852 — C4 , Hannah (Stately). — Disorderly at workshop. Three days' bread and water, ten days' ])unishment dress, and wash tub. October 2^, 1852 — C5 , Frances (Asia). — Wasting the hot water. Three days' bread and water, fourteen days' separate treatment. Xovember 4, 1852 — C6 , Mary (Barretto, Junr.). — Hav- ing two aprons. Three days' bread and water. JJecember 11, 1852 — A3 , Ann (Aurora). — Asleep in her cell when the Matron visited. Tliree days' bread and water. December 13, 1852 — A3 , Ann (Anna Maria). — Climbing upon her door and taking bread from Jane Smith. Three days' solitary confinement. December 2^, 1852 — A3 , Ann (Aurora). — Starching her cap. Punishment dress, seven days. January 14, 1853 — C7 , Margaret (Aurora). — Allowing a woman to make toast. Credit stopi>ed for one month. January 14, 1853 — C8 , Bridget (J. W. Dare). — Spinning bad yarn. Three days' solitary confinement. February i, 1853 — C9 , Margaret (St. Vincent).-- Altering her petticoat. Punishment dress until further orders; strict separate treatment when not at labour. February 8, 1853 — Di , Ann (Sir A. Sepping). — Singing in her apartment. Three days' bread and water. February 10, 1853 — D2 , Mary (Earl Grey). — Talking loud in cage. Three days' solitary confinement, seven days confined to apartment. 90 Rkcords from Comptrollek-Gkxkral's Offjck January 31, 1853 — D3 , Jane (Sir R. Sepping). — Miscon- duct in chapel. Bread and water, and locked up on Sunday next. February 21, 1853 — D4 , Alargaret (Alartin Luther). — Laughing and insolence. Wash tub and credit stopped. February 21, 1853 — D5 , Mary (Martin Luther). — Talking at labour. Seven days' separate treatment, half rations. February 28, 1843 — ^^ « J^^"^ (2^Iartin Luther). — Dancing. Three days' bread and water, fourteen days' punishment dress. March 5, 1853 — ^^5 , Ellen (Maria). — Having tobacco. Three days' solitary confinement, separate treatment till expiration of sentence. March 16, 1853 — D4 , Margaret (Martin Luther). — Looking out of door of her apartment. Three days' bread and water, and separate treatment when not at labour. March 30, 1853 — D7 . Mary (Free). — Refusing to have her hair cut. Three days' solitary confinement. April I. 1853 — D8 , ]^Iary (x\urora). — Talking to the men. Ten days' credit stopped. July 16, 1853 — D9 , Mary (Duke Xorthumberland). — Knitting in her cell. Reprimanded. August 8, 1853 — C6 , Mary (Baretto, Junr.). — Going to Protestant prayers, being Roman Catholic. October 19, 1852 — Ei , Ann (Waverley). — Combing her hair at labour. Detained fourteen days, and wash tub. February 14, 1853 — E2 , Margaret (Jno. Calvin). — Asking a smoke from the night constable. Three days' bread and water. ]\lay 9, 1853 — E3 , Margaret (Jno. Calvin). — Talking at muster. Seven days' credit stopped. October 12, 1853 — E4 , Catherine (Sir R. Seppings). — Disorderly conduct in the mess room, and saying " cheese it " on the approach of the officer. Three days' solitary confinement, removed to A, and wash tub. November 10, 1853 — E5 , Alargaret (Alartin Luther). — Untidy at inspection. Seven days' punishment dress. December 20, 1853 — E6 , :\Iary (Black Friar). — Talkiri^.- in her cell after l)eing locked up. Forty-eight hours" solitarv confinement. Records from Comptroller-General's Office. Qi May 9, 1853 — E7 , Bridget (Martin Luther). — Dis- orderly conduct at the mess table, complaining of her dinner. Forty-eight hours' solitary confinement. November 25, 1852 — E8 , Mary (Aurora). — Having extra string on her apron. Tliree days' bread and water, punishment dress. November 19, 1852 — E8 , Mary (Aurora). — Combing her hair in the dormitory. Admonished. December 22, 1852 — E9 , Ann (St. Vincent). — Return- ing from private service under the influence of liquor. Detained fourteen days' wash tub. August 22, 1853 — Fi , Ann (J. W . Dare). — Having tobacco in her mouth. Three days* bread and water. January 23, 1854 — F2 , Mary (Free). — Talking in her cell at 6.30 and looking through the window of her apartment. Three days' bread and water, and confined to her a])artment for one week. I'ebruary 24, 1853 — F3 , Eliza (Martin Luther). — Rising from her work to look out of the window. Wash tub. March 7, 1853 — F4 , Mary (Sir R. Seppings). — Talking in chapel. To be kept in a separate apartment each Sunday while in the building. November 5, 1852 — V^ , Margaret (Duke of Cornwall). — Not washing her face. Ten days' solitary confinement when not at labour. December 30, 1852 — F6 , Ellen (Martin Luther). — Sing ing at work. Three days' bread and water. October 28, 1852 — I^ , Ann (J. W. Dare). — Wearing her shoes down on the heel. Wash tub one week. January 6, 1853 — F8 , Julia (Martin Luther). — Breaking out of the ranks. Fourteen days' separate treatment when not at labour. February 4, 1853 — F9 , Hannah (Martin Luther). — Giving an onion away. To be kept at the wash tub and all credit stopped. 92 Memoranda. Memoranda, 93 Xll. Advertisements. Finest View on the Mount Lyeil Railway, Western Tasmania, scenic route in the Commonwealth, Through rail connection from Hobart, Launceston and Burnie. Direct steamers from Melbourne and Tasmanian ports to Strahan, Advertisement: Xlil. Tasman Villa Hotel, PORT ARTHUR. The Only Licensed Hotel at Port Arthur. BEST BRANDS of WINES and SPIRITS STOCKED. Every Attention to Tourists and Travellers, with moderate charges. Port Arthur is famous as tlie site of the old Penal I'^^tablislinicnts, and po-sesses unequalled sceneiy, good Fishing and l);)ating. The Proprietor ha^ 27 years' knowledge of Port Arthur. The Remarkable Arch is only three miles from Hotel. Arrangements can also he made for Tourists to visit the charming resorts of Tasman Arch. Blowhole and Tesselated Pavement. Reference : COOK'S AGENCY and TOURIST BUREAU H. F. W. FRERK, Proprietor. Port Arthur, Taranna, and Eaglehawk Neck X'ehicles meet all steamers at Taranna, to convey vis tors to and from Port Arthur, X'isitors having tickets from Tourist Association may he met at Taranna, Eaglehawk Neck, Mondays and Thursdays or any special day, driving to Blowhole, Arch, Tesselated Pavement, etc., on to Port Arthur same evening, return same boat Tuesday and Friday, or may return Wednesday and hViday by S.S. Reemere from Nubeena leaving Port Arthur 12.30, arriving at Hobart 6 p.m. \'ehicles available at Port Arthur for Brown Mountain, Blowhole, Remarkable Cave, and Safety Cove by special arrangement. G. WELLARD and K. B. McGINNISS PROPRIETORS. xiv. Advertisements. Wanted to Purchase : BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, PRINTS, MANUSCRIPTS, and WATER COLOUR DRAWINGS relating to AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, ' TASMANIA and POLYNESIA. Angus & Robertson Ltd Booksellers to the University and the Public Library of New South Wales. 89 CASTLEREAGH STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W. AdvKRTISEMEJNTS. XV. LAUNCESTON and Northern Tasmania " We leave Laiinceston with but one regret — that our sojourn has come to an end." Thus wrote a party of tourists, before their departure, in the Visitors' Book at the Launceston Tourist Bureau. This statement tersely sums up the sentiments of all who have enjoyed the bountiful share of attractions at the disposal of Visitors to the Northern City. The Tourist who cannot find plenty to appeal to his taste must indeed be difficult to please. ARE YOU AN ANGLER? There are numerous noted streams within easy radius. ARE YOU A MOUNTAINEER? Three easy day trips, and a variety of longer excursions may be done. ARE YOU A MOTORIST? 25 distinct day runs are at your disposal. ARE YOU A PHOTOGRAPHER? No better scope exists anywhere for your art. ARE YOU A GOLFER? Summer Golf may be played. Excellent course. Convenient Club House. ARE YOU A BOWLER? Three easily accessible greens are open to Visitors. ARE YOU A YACHTSMAN? Forty miles of superb river scenery will appeal to you. ARE YOU A PEDESTRIAN? Then you will never lack variety of excursions. ARE YOU FOND OF ANY KIND OF SPORT? You will find kindred spirits here to welcome you. For those who wish for the quiet restful pause the City provides amply. The coolness and seclusion of the Cataract Gorge and Cliff Grounds and numerous attractive reserves will supply this need perfectly. The Tourist Bureau arranges HALF-DAY and DAILY DRIVES to a large number of places during the season, also MOTOR and RAIL and COACH trips to the magnificent Mole Creek Caves and other spots. RAILWAY EXCURSIONS are run to Denison Gorge, famous for it:> fern scenery. Launceston provides excellent accommodation at varying tariffs, deep drainage, pure water supply. Turkish and swimming baths, an electric tram service, and every modern convenience. All facilities are afforded Tourists to enjoy themselves. Apply for Free Illustrated Guide to Launceston at Tourist Bureau, Launceston or Hobart. xvi. Advertisements. Stimulates ! Invigorates ! The Summer Trips to Huonville, Franklin, Jlpple Land, T^ort Es- perance {the Artists' T^endezvous), T^ort Arthur {the old settlement where many of the scenes depiSed through this book occurred). Eagle- hawk Neck with its natural wonder- ful scenery, Tasman Jirch, The ^low Hole, The T^avement. Day Trips Brown's T^wer, T^ort Esperance, Eaglehawk Neck, Apple Land. The Steamers '' ^reone/' Cartela, " ' ' T)over, " ' ' Huon, '^ Ronnie, " Time table in daily papers. > y Fuller Particulars THE TOURIST BUREAU. or Office of the Huon Channel and Peninsula Steamship Co. Ltd. BROOKE STREET PIER (where all Excursions start from) •Phone 141. HOBART. Advertisements. xvu . Tasmania THIS IS FOR YOU ! If vou arc cJoin(j fo visil THE LAND OF THE GOLDEN APPLE, THE TOURISTS' SUMMER PARADISE, You want the assistance of the Tasnidiiian Touriel Surcau, ::^obQrf, and it wants to assist you. 1\\tron: Sir Harry Barron ; President: Hon. Henry Dobson ;: Chairman : P. S. Seatj;er, Esq., LS.O. I The Bureau works under ihe authority of the Government of Tas- mania. It books pisseii£(ers bv MOTOR, STEAMER, GOVERNMENT RAILWAY,^ BRAKE, etc. It can do anything the Tourist desires, and arrange to send the visitor any- wiiere. Agent for Tliomas Cook and Sons. FREE READING ROOM. FREE WRITING ROOM. CLOAK ROOM, etc, f. Moore-Robinson, F.R.G.S., (^oRRKsr oxDENCE Invited. Secretary. xviii. Advertisements. PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE OLD PORT ARTHUR DAYS. We have always made a SPECIALTY of PORT ARTHUR VIEWS, and hold a UNIQUE SERIES illustrating the old PENAL DAYS, and also the SCENERY of TASMAN PENINSULA. Such a Collection is not to be found in any other Establishment in Tasmania or Australia, and therefore stands alone in the representation of an interesting past. PORT ARTHUR POST CARDS. Splendid Collection, showing everything of interest, past and present. PORT ARTHUR SOUVENIRS. Views Mounted on Crystal Glass, for use as PAPER WEIGHTS. Views Framed as OVAL MEDALLIONS, in neat Brass Rim Frames. Views Mounted on Glass with Plush, and Framed Artistically, to stand or hang. PORT ARTHUR LANTERN SLIDES. We issue an exceptionally interesting Series, which is accompanied by a DESCRIPTIVE LECTURE Compiled by J. W. BEATTIE. The Set Consists of 25 SLIDES, comprehending everything of interest relating to Port Arthur and the Prison System, and should be in the hands of Lecturers and others interested in early history. PRICE, 27/6. POSTAGE AND PACKING 3/6 EXTRA TO WITHIN THE COMMONWEALTH AND NEW ZEALAND. ^- BEATTIE'S STUDIOS, 60 ELIZABETH STREET, HOBART. Advertisements. xix. BEATTIE'S STUDIOS The Studio in Hobart for Everything Artistic in Portrait and Landscape Photography. THE PORTRAIT DEPARTMENT Is iiiuler the supervision of a Skilled Operator, who Specialises in th'^ Highest Class of Work. TASMANIAN VIEWS. We Stock a very large and comprehensive collection, showing the BEvST SCENIC FEATURES OF TASMANIA. TASMANIAN PHOTOGRAPHIC POST CARDS. We show a splendid range of hundreds of Views, from ihc host of our collection. TASMANIAN LANTERN SLIDES. We can supply Lantern Slides representing all our Views. Slides can be Packed and Mailed without danger of breakage. TASMANIAN PANORAMIC VIEWS. Fine Series. Being constantly added to. SOLOMON ISLAND VIEWS. We have a very fine collection of Views of the Solomons and the other Islands in the South-West Pacific. The SERIES IS EASILY THE REST IN AUSTRALIA. POST CARDS AND LANTERN SLIDES can be supplied from any of the subjects. Over 1,200. CATALOGUES SENT POST FREE ON APPLICATION GOSS HERALDIC CHINA. Wc are the Agents in Hobart for the Famous GOSS HERALDIC PORCELAIN SOUVENIRS, WITH THE TASMANIAN, HOBART, AND LAUNCESTON ARMS. J. W. BEATTIE, PHOTOGRAPHER TO THE GOVERNMENT OF TASMANIA, 60 ELIZABETH STREET. HOBART. XX. Advertisements. Auilralian Mutual Provident Society ACTUAL RESULTS OF A WHOLE TERM OF LIFE POLICY.-Table A. The Society has been ccurleously permitted by David Barclay, Esq., of Hobart, Tasmania, to publish the Actual Results n respect of his Policy — No. 70,303 — issued 3rd May 1878, which are as follow, viz : — SUM ASSURED £1000 O O Bonus Additions to 3lst Dec, 1910 £1015 6 O Bonus for one year, 1911 ... ... 32 18 O 1048 4 O Present Total Sum Assured ... ... £2048 4 O The Half-Yearly Premium is ... £13 5 O Total Premiums paid to November, 1912 (34^2 years), amount to .. £914 5 O It should be observed that : — The Bonus additions are £133 I9s, Od. in excess of all the Premiums paid, and he has been assured since the issue of the Policy for an amount varying from £1000 to £2048 4s., more than twice tl:e sum originally assured. The Bonus added to the Policy for the year 191 1 was £32 18s., being £6 8s. in excess of the Premium paid for the year. The present Cash Value of the 191 1 Bonus is £21 14s. 7d. The Cash Value of the total Bonuses is £692 12s. 9d., or of the Policy and Bonuses, £1231 13s. 9d. The Loan available upon security of the Policy at 5 per cent, per annum is £1108. By surrendering^ £334 8s. of the Bonuses the member could ex- tinguish all future premiums ; the policy would then be paid up for an amount of £1713 16s., and bonuses would continue to be added until his death. Membersof the AUSTRALIAN MUTUAL PROVIDENT SOCIETY should iem.nib::r that they are directly interested in the satisfactory investment of the Society's Funds, and should therefore lose no opportunity to submit or influence to the Society first- class securities of the following nature : — Freehold Pastoral and Agricultural Lands. Freehold Properties at Hobartj Launceston, Devonport and Burnie. Life Interests or Reversionary Interests in Funds or Estates. Lowest Current Rates of Interest. No Commission charged Liberal iMorigHge Deed giving power to rt pay portions of loan duiing term, C. W. HEMERV. Resident vSecretary 27 Elizabetli Street, Hobart. ALL ABOUT TASMANIA. WALCH'8 "RED BOOK" OF TASMANIA. Walch's rasinaoiau Book Almanic, published Annually by Authority. The only Oificial and Complete Haudboot of the State, 42j pages. Bound in Cloth, 4/-. WALCH'S ROAD MAP OF TASMANIA. Size, 21 X Jl inches, folded in t'jcket Case, with Descriptive Pamphlet of Routes, Ac. Price, I,-. Posted, 1/1. WALCH'S MAP OF HOBART. Showing Tram I^ines, vS:c., with Pamphlet of UsefulJInformation for Visitors. lA BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF THE DERWENT ESTUARY (S.E. Tasmania). Price, J/() ; folded in Case,;V'> ; or Mounted and Varnished for hanging up, 5/-. BEAUTIFUL TASMANIA. MRS. MEREDITH'S "BUSH FRIENDS IN TASMANIA." The Floral ami Rural Heauties ot Tasmania reproduced in colours. Richly bound. P'olio Ml'-. Second Series. Note. — The First Series is very scarce, only a few copies at £4. * MRS. MEREDITH'S "FRIENDS AND FOES IN FURS AND FEATHERS." Coloured I'iciures. '' - MRS. MEREDITH'S" WARATAH RHYMES FOR YOUNG AUSTRALIA." Wilh Phoitj-etche 1 Illustrations. (Juarto. Coloured Hoartis, V o. WALCH'S ART ALBUM OF TASMANIAN VIEWS, 11 x 9 in. 24 Choice Views, Mounted on Toned Art Paper, Sunk Mounts ; size of views, 8x6 inches. In Art Paper Covers, 3;o. ; in Cloth Boards, 5- The Days of Old Van Diemen's Land WEST'S HISTORY OF TASMANIA. Priiiled by liciiiy I)(jwling, I.aunceston, Tasmania, l)S.5J. J Vols. Very Scarce. FENTON'S HISTORY OF TASMANIA. With toriraits of Aboriginees. Svo., pp. 4o(j. J. Walchit Sons l'^S4. Cloth, 12/6. BONWICK'S LOST TASMANIAN RACE. A Narrative ol De.ilings with tile Natives. Portraits, pp. Jlo. 3/0. ROTH.-THE ABORIGINEES OF TASMANIA. Second Edition Revised and l-inlargttl, with Map. Hy H. Ling Roth. Illustrated. Royal Nvo. Scarce. £2 2s. Only 225 copies of this Edition published. CROZET'S VOYAGE TO VAN DIEMEN'S LAND, NEW ZEALAND, &c., 1771-2. Translated by H. I.ing Koth. Illustrated. 15- Scarce. Only 500 copies printed. J. B. WALKER'S EARLY TASMANIA. Comprising : P'arly Navigators, Hounding of Hobart, Norfolk Island, Tasman and his Voyages, &c. Original Charts, &c. pp. J-SM. 4/-. 8. O. LOVELL'S TASMANIA: ITS FIRST CENTURY. pp ^J. Sixpence. Po>^ta.i;e, Id. Appointed to be used in the State Schools. Stories of Old Van Diemen's Land. MARCUS OLARKE.-FOR THE TERM OF HIS NATURAL LIFE. A Reali-^tic Story of tlie Old Davs*of Convict I.ife. Including Macquarie Harbour, Port Arthur, Norfolk Island, &c. locket hdition. Cloth. 1/3.. THE BROAD ARROW: The Story of a Lifer. Hobart Town and Port Arthur in the old days. With Illustrations of Port Arthur, &c. Special Cheap PMition for the Colonies. .150 pages. 2/6. By post, 2/9. A com- panion Volume to Marcus Clarke's Famous Story. MARTIN CASH, the Bushranger of Van Diemen's Land in 1843. A Persona' Narrative of his Kxploits in the Bush, with his experiences of Norfolk I.sland and »'ort .\ithur. 1/-. By post, 1/1. THE PEdlLS AND ADVENTURES OF MR. WILLIAM THORNLEY. One of the Pioneer Settlers of Van Diemen's Land in 1S17. Narrated by Charles Rowcroft, a Magistrate of the Colony. 1/-. By post, 1/1. THE CONVICT KING. The Surprising Career of Jorgen Jorgenson, who took part in the Founding of HoDart Town, the Discoveries of King Island and Bass Strait, &c. Sixpence. J. WALCH & SONS LIMITED, HOBART < < en O k-i K tfi ^ s ;^ c« G 03 ?: 0/ G • C ^ -^ -: ^ . H « ^ ' 15 O .-— O ^ 5 o sill O ^ -^ CO a PQ OiO tc 03 > ^ r; 1/3 - W "^ -: ^<: ■> . ' — i"^ ^ A.^ . .< ca O H :z: -- O --^ H < P c4 O ;4 ^> O < o o < w h4 ..> ^' o ;i. ^ 1- >- ^1 i! X oj w, ^, .^ 13 -- J, j^ ^ „ ^ cc 03 C ^ b/; O V u o ;? . bJC' a; (L) s o • K K '^' Pii ^'^^ ±: 5 O *^ "-r i^ ^ cj 1) .- l; 03 o ^^3 S ^?^^