i iMMiwMMwanwii lawuiJ wawWMiwgtWWW '/Ai (eXT/sO rc/sw -V Ail w# AW ' [f>° M!l MB S&7/J <&frtmm& Jtopxrlft ^ckmx, 0L3l ry&^/ ^/Aife^' t^Sat-fan; CM 'a&n . )^3^It f|g £/r ^^^K^^V>^^ ^^v\i'^-4^ (iS*^&a^^SHfc ^J^^ffi ^b^^Slv- \. w r% \ m t O r / fswWmli ^^fe*£SS5« \I5\o7"*] lf*\.*W«/Vl tAw^ "/Si la I? THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BEQUEST OF ANITA D. S. BLAKE W\Z! uV. '^Crtw^ js*«~> /£u<7~ ^^^^-t^L-^^^^^^r /S^W_ /L^Z^ ****** ? I ■•* . HORNSEY GATE. P. 267. XGQICWGDD. A 'How a net, Jr -LONDON &_ MEW Y O R K G E Q BOD fiOU TLED GE &. S G M S KOOKWOOD & Romance BY ¥. HARRISON AINSWORTH AUTHOR OF "THE TOWER OF LONDON," "THE MISER'S DAUGHTER," &C. &C. I see how Ruin, with a palsied hand, Begins to shake our ancient house to dust. Yorkshire Tragedy. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY GEORGE CRUIKSHANK AND SIR JOHN GILBERT, A.R.A. LONDON : GEORGE ROUTLEDGE AND SONS THE BROADWAY, LUDGATE. NEW YORK : 416, BROOME STREET. CONTENTS. ♦ — PAGE Memoir of "William Harrison Ainsworth, by Laman Blanchard . v Lineage oe William Harrison Ainsworth xxix ROOKWOOD. Dedication xxxi Preface ........... .xxxiii BOOK I.— THE WEDDING BING. chap. I.— The Vault 1 II. — The Skeleton Hand 10 III.— The Park 16 IV.— The Hall 25 V. — Sir Reginald Book wood 29 VI. — Sir Piers Bookwood 35 VII.— The Return 37 VIII. — An Irish Adventurer 39 IX. — An English Adventurer 47 X. — Ranulph Bookwood 63 XI. — Lady Book wood 71 XII. — The Chamber of Death 77 XIII.— The Brothers - . . . . 79 BOOK n.— THE SEXTON. I.— The Storm S7 II. — The Funeral Oeation 93 III. — The Churchyard 100 IV.— The Funeral 107 V.— The Captive Ill VI. — The Apparition . . . 116 BOOK III.— THE GIPSY. I. — A Morning Bide 127 II. — A Gipsy Encampment 133 III.— Sybil 147 IV. — Barbara Lovel 154 V. — The Inauguration 162 VI. — Eleanor Mowbray 1S9 VII. — Mrs. Mowbray 197 a IV CONTENTS- CHAP. PAGE VIII. — The Pasting 201 IX. — The Philter 204 X. — Saint Cyprian's Cell 208 XI. — The Bridal 213 XII. — Alan Rookwood 223 XIII.— Mr. Coates .... 230 XIV.— Dick Turpin 234 BOOK IV.— THE RIDE TO YORK. I. — The Rendezvous at Kilburn 244 II.— Tom King 253 III.— A Surprise 262 IV.— The Hue and Cry 265 V.— The Short Pipe 268 VI.— Black Bess 272 VII.— The York Stage 278 VIII.— A Road-side Inn 280 IX. — Excitement . . .284 X.— The Gibbet 285 XI. — The Phantom Steed . . . . g . . . . 288 XII. — Cawood Ferry *..... 294 BOOK V.— THE OATH. I. — The Hut on Thorne Waste 299 II. — Major Mowbray 304 III. — Hand ass ah 312 IV.— The Dower of Sybil 320 V. — The Sarcophagus 329 MEMOIR OF WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. BY LAMAN BLANCHARD. ■4- A RECENT review in a leading journal of France bears testimony to the great popularity which has been obtained in that romance- reading nation by the writer of whom we are now to offer some account. The estimation in which he is held by his own country- men is evinced by the large sale which each new production of his pen successively commands. In America his writings have been extensively read. They have all been translated into German and some of them into Dutch. Dramas have been founded upon them; their more striking passages have become as familiar as household words; and their subjects, in some important instances at least, are associated with the most memorable features of Eng- lish history. The biography of a writer who has secured so pro- minent a position may be supposed calculated to awaken a more than ordinary curiosity; not merely with respect to those early dawnings of intellect, and those traits of personal character, to which a deep interest always attaches, but in relation to the family from which he has sprung. Happily, in the present instance, we are able to gratify the reader's curiosity. William Harrison Ainsworth unites in his own name the names of two families which, in the eminent success of various members of them, had obtained celebrity long prior to the present generation. Amongst his paternal ancestors are, Robert Ains- worth, the well-known scholar and author of the Latin Dictionary, VI MEMOIR OF and Henry Ainsworth, the Brownist, who flourished at the com- mencement of the seventeenth century. The latter was one of the most profound Hebrew scholars of his time, and author of " Anno- tations upon the Old Testament," and of a translation of the Pentateuch.* From these we come to the father of the living descendant from this learned stock, Thomas Ainsworth, of Man- chester, a solicitor in very extensive practice. This gentleman, though descended from a family residing at Plessington, in Lancashire, was born at Rosthorne, in Cheshire, a village which he always remembered with affection, and where, dying in June, 1824, he was interred. Manchester, however, the stage on which his active life was passed, benefited most largely by the ardour and zeal with which he devoted himself to the pro- motion of public improvements. He was one of the main instruments in causing the rebuilding and widening of one of the principal thoroughfares — Market-street: and though he did not live to see the work accomplished, his name must always be honourably con- nected with it. Of rather an irritable temperament, perhaps, he was known extensively for a singular liberality of character and generosity of disposition. He was a man of taste and virtu; uniting, with a fair degree of classical scholarship, considerable proficiency in botany, and a general fondness for scientific pursuits; and thus the excellent library he possessed was, throughout life, a source of pleasure and recreation that lightened the graver duties he so faithfully discharged. He married, in 1802, Ann, daughter of the Rev. Ralph Harri- son, a Presbyterian divine, and Ann Touchet. This divine, him- self the son of a minister, and great-grandson to the Rev. Cuthbert * The Novelist's grandfather, Jeremiah Ainsworth, of Manchester, was a distinguished mathematician. In a Memoir of Joint Buttertrorth, the Mathe- matician, by Thomas Wilkinson, of Burnley, it is said, " A cursory glance at some of the Mathematical periodicals of the day (1761) will readily furnish the name of Ainswohtii, whose elegant productions in pure geometry adorn the' pages of the Gentleman's and Burrow's Diaries." And again : " During the greater part of the time just reviewed, Mr. Jeremiah Ainsworth was resident m the neighbourhood of Manchester, and so early as 1761 was in correspond- ence with the editors of the Mathematical Magazine. He subsequently asso- ciated with Mr. George Taylor, a gentleman of kindred habits, then resident in the immediate vicinity, and these worthy veterans of Science, as time wore on, collected around them a goodly array of pupils and admirers, and hence may truly be said not only to have laid the foundation of the ' Oldham Society,' but also to have been the fathers of the Lancashire School of Geometers." Jere- miah Ainsworth was born at llillenden, in Lancashire, in 1713, and died in 1784; consequently, the "veteran geometer" could only have been eighteen when he first distinguished himself' WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. Vll Harrison, who, as a famous Nonconformist teacher, is noticed in Dr. Calamy's account of ejected ministers,* attained a high repu- tation in Manchester as a preacher, an author, and a scholar. In the academy there he was appointed professor of the Greek and Latin languages, and of polite literature. He produced many able works of an educational character; and left behind him a volume of dis- courses that fully bear out his claim to the affectionate regard in which his character and ministrations were held. Of these ser- mons, which, with a biographical memoir, were first printed in * From another source, a manuscript to which we have had access, we derive some particulars relative to this said Cuthbert, far too curious to omit. Cuth- bert, the youngest son of Jlichard Harrison, who resided at Newton, was born about 1627, and was regularly ordained. In 1672 he obtained the king's license to preach in Elswick Lees, according to the doctrines of "the per- suasion called Congregational;" but this license served him but for a short time, the Parliament declaring the meetings illegal ; and he preached as before, in his own house at Bankelield, and also at others, "very privately in the night, to such as would venture to hear him." The following extract- from a letter written by one of his descendants explains the rest, and fully develops at once his character and his persecutions : " Mr. Richard Clegg, vicar of Kirk- ham, fell violently upon him, first, in the ecclesiastical court, for preaching, marrying one James Benson, and baptising his child, and got both him and Benson excommunicated. [He was absolved from this censure in 1677.] He sometimes repaired to the parish church at Kirkham, particularly one Lord's day, whilst he was under the aforesaid censure, and took his place amongst the gentlemen in the chancel. Mr. Clegg, the vicar, who wrote his prayer before sermon, and all his sermons also, in characters, was got into the pulpit, and, looking aside and seeing him come in and place himself, lost the end. He could not find it again, and was silent for some time ; then ordered the church- wardens to put him out. They went to our father, and told him what Mr. Clegg had ordered, and desired he would go out. He refused ; and said that, except Mr. Clegg himself would put him out, he would not go. Mr. Clegg then desired Mr. Christopher Parker, who was justice of the peace, and then in church, and sat within six foot of our father, to put him out ; but Mr. Parker refused, and said he would not meddle. Then Mr. Clegg went to our father, and took him by the sleeve, and desired him to go out. He went along with, Mr. Clegg, and opened the chancel-door, and was no sooner out, but with a strong voice said, * It's time to go when the devil drives.' Thou canst scarce imagine a greater disorder than was reported to have been in the church at that time. Shortly after, the vicar sued our father at common law, upon the statute called Qui tarn, for 20/. a month, for six months absenting from the church, and the case was brought to a trial at the assizes at Lancaster; but I could never know the judge's name. Our father, in his defence, proved that he was at church one Lord's day in one of the months, on his jornall to Chester, being cited to appear and answer a libel of Mr. Clegg's, a Lord's day in another month, and under the church censure for the other time, and that he went to church and was put out as aforesaid. The judge was hearty, and after he had summed up the evidence, he told the jury ' There was fiddle and be hanged, and there was fiddle not and be hanged. The defendant was under church censure, which might prevent his going to church. Gentlemen, pray consider it.' The iury brought in for the defendant, and all costs were thrown on Mr. Clegg, with, many affronting scoffs." There are other characteristic stories of this veteran Nonconformist. The war was continued, even to the writing of his epitaph. a* Vlil MEMOIR OF 1813, a new edition appeared in 1827. It may here be men- tioned, as a somewhat rare occurrence in the life of a Presbyterian minister, that this reverend person, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, realised, by fortunate speculations in land and build- ing, a large fortune, leaving behind him upwards of 60,000/. Of this union two sons were born; the elder named William Harrison, the younger, Thomas Gilbert, who, distinguishing himself at Cam- bridge, and taking a scholarship there, unfortunately fell into ill- health from over-study, which so affected his nervous system that he never took his degree, and his intention of going into the church was therefore abandoned. William Harrison Ainsworth was born on the 4th of February, 1805, at the house of his father, in King-street, Manchester; but not long after, the family removed to a very commodious and pleasantly situated country-house, called Beech Hill, about two miles from the town, on the Chetham side. Here was a very ex- tensive garden; and here all the time that could be spared by its possessor from professional pursuits was devoted to the studies and recreations of which he was so passionately fond. The grounds were laid out under his own eye, and several of the trees were planted by the young brothers. To the education of the elder of these it is now necessary to refer. The early part of it was undertaken by his uncle, the Rev. William Harrison ; and then, while still very young, he was placed at the free grammar-school in Manchester, in one of the classes of the Rev. Robinson (afterwards Dr.) Elsdale. In this school, which was founded early in the sixteenth century, many persons eminent for science and learning!; have been educated. The list extends as far back as the reign of Mary, opening with the well-known name of John Bradford, who suffered martyrdom in 1555. Reginald Heber (the father of the bishop) was here — Cyril Jackson, and his brother the Bishop of Oxford — the first Lord Alvanley, Mr. Morritt of Rokeby, David Latouche, the celebrated banker, the present Mr. Justice Williams, and many others. Here our youth- ful student so far distinguished himself as to have received very flattering testimonials from Dr. Smith (the then head-master of the school), and his colleague, Dr. Elsdale. He wrote several transla- tions from the Latin and Greek poets, which obtained their appro- bation. At that period (the practice, we believe, has been since • discontinued) there were held, once a year, " speaking days" — the WILLIAM HA CRISON AINSWORTH. IX head boys reciting passages from the poets and orators in Greek and Latin; and upon one of these occasions he obtained great praise and credit by reciting Seneca's Qais vere Rex? with a translation by himself. In this school he remained, gathering honour and advantage, until he reached the first form, when his father, who designed his son to be his successor, placed him as a clerk with Mr. Alexander Kay, a then rising, and since risen, so- licitor in the town. The blossom of that literary fruit, on which the public, in more than one nation, has since fed with such eagerness and relish, had begun to develop itself previously even to this youthful period — and not in one form only, but in many ; not in translations merely, but in original compositions — in tales, sketches, dramatic scenes — even in tragedies. But, to begin with the beginning, it should be mentioned that these literary predilections had their precursors in other tastes. The first passion, if report speaks truly, took a pyrotechnic direc- tion; it shot upward like a rocket. Firework-making was, in short, the earliest predilection that manifested itself with any con- siderable potency; and the first throb of young ambition was to make a rocket in earnest. Roman candles, serpents, &c, were ac- complished satisfactorily; but the "greatest was behind," the grand triumph was the rocket; and in the blaze and brilliancy of this — for it was at last achieved — the passion for pyrotechnic glory seems to have evaporated. Success sometimes involves terrible disappoint- ment, and has the most unlooked-for consequences — swallowing up, in the moment of victory, all care and concern for the very objects of success. We hear no more of this passion ; but of another which suc- ceeded it we may justly say, that while it lasts it burns with such ardour as to consume or draw to itself every other youthful feeling. This is the rage for private theatricals. The nature on which this had now taken hold was not one to surrender itself by halves, with reluctance, or with misgivings. The whole heart of the schoolboy, for as yet he was no more, was freely given to the new passion. He constructed a theatre in the cellar (the majesty of buried Den- mark speaking from the "cellarage !"), put together the machinery, fixed the great essential, the curtain, painted the scenes, made the dresses, acted the characters — having first written the pluys I It is to this circumstance, perhaps, that our libraries are indebted for X MEMOIR OF many admirable romances; as it is to such seemingly trivial acci- dents we may often trace the first workings of a genius which, in its fully developed beauty, delights the world with animated pic- tures drawn from the past or imagined of the future — dazzling the eye with glittering fictions, and filling the soul with sweet perfumes. His literary career, ere he had yet left school, may now be said to have commenced, since he contributed largely to a weekly lite- rary journal then existing in Manchester, called "The Iris;" and so profusely were his youthful feelings and opinions poured forth, that it may be doubted whether he ever wrote more, even at the busiest season of his subsequent career. His reputation as a writer was thus so far advanced, that a printer was induced to bring out a small theatrical paper, written solely by him; and, subsequently, a journal (on the plan and in the form of the "Indicator") entitled the a Boeotian." Of this work (the motto of which was Boeotum crasso jurares aire naturn, in merry allusion to the town where it was produced) six numbers were published. Its young editor about the same time contributed regularly to the " European Magazine." It had been his father's wish, w T hen the period of the youth's law-studies commenced, that he should devote himself chiefly to that branch of the profession which it was intended he should practise — conveyancing; but no great progress was made in this study. Byron, Scott, and Shelley had charms that title-deeds could never boast; writing verses was far more attractive than making abstracts, and drawing drafts bore no comparison to sketch- ing for Magazines. It was the old story — he was literally A youth foredoom'd his father's hopes to cross, Who penn'd a stanza when he should engross. The nameless editor of a Magazine was, in his enchanted view, greater by far than the greatest of the whole tribe of lawyers; and the occupation of the editorial chair appeared in his fanciful dream an object worthier of a lofty ambition than a seat on the woolsack. What his present feeling may be — now that he has accomplished his young desire to the full — we pause not to ask. It is enough to know that coming events often cast before them shadows far gaudier than themselves. The glory fades in possession — u the beautiful has vanished, and returns not." And yet — for there is no end to contradictions — the early vision has been more than realised. WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. xi But if law failed to attract, other studies were not at this time neglected. His father's lavish care had provided masters of various kinds, and he continued to read the classics, on two days of the week, with Dr. Smith, the head-master of the school he had quitted. Literature only consumed the time apportioned by parental anxiety to severer pursuits ; but that the literary fruits of these stolen marches were not slight, a simple enumeration of his published pieces will show. Having composed, prior to the appearance of Lord Byron's "Foscari," a tragedy on the same subject, he sent some account of it to Constable's " Edinburgh Magazine," in which miscellany a notice appeared a month previous to the publication of Byron's drama. A regular contributorship to that periodical en- sued; but it did not absorb all his literary interest, for he wrote a tale for Taylor and Hessey's "London Magazine," called the "Falls of Ohiopyle;" and through the medium of Mr. Arliss, the printer, published with Whittaker two poems, entitled the " Maid's Revenge," and "A Summer Evening's Tale." Some of the tales and essays thus scattered over various periodicals were afterwards collected into a little volume, under the title of " December Tales," and published by Whittaker. Of what was unpublished we know nothing ; but all these pro- ductions saw the light before their author was nineteen years of age. Thus early was he a prolific writer. It was at this period that his father's death occurred, from the shock naturally conse- quent upon which he awakened to a sense of the expediency of completing his term as a conveyancer, and qualifying himself for assuming the professional responsibility which this bereavement devolved upon him. With this view he repaired to London, to finish his term with Mr. Jacob Phillips, of the Inner Temple. Yet it does not appear that he devoted himself with the adequate diligence and zeal to professional study. The literary enthusiasm was still the stronger feeling, though less productive in its imme- diate results than before ; for the metropolis was a novel scene, and some time was spent in acquainting himself with its amusements. Not long before the completion of his appointed stay in town, he commenced an acquaintance with Mr. Ebers, at that time the ma- nager of the Opera House. A constant attendance there was, of course, included among hisLondon pleasures. Still literature asserted its claims ; and with Mr. Ebers, a few months after the commence- ment of their intimacy, he published a romance entitled " Sir John Xli MEMOIR OF Chiverton." Of this work, which we never happened to read, we cannot, of course, offer any critical opinion ; yet we remember to have observed that Sir Walter Scott has referred to it not uncom- plimentarily in his u Diary." We pass it to record a more im- portant step in life — the marriage of Mr. Ainsworth to Fanny, the youngest daughter of Mr. Ebers. This event occurred in the au- tumn of 1826. Three daughters, still living, were the offspring of this union. They lost their mother in the spring of 1838. The connexion thus formed with Mr. Ebers had a material in- fluence in deciding the young law-student as to the course he should pursue. His repugnance to " conveyancing" being insu- perable, and his tastes and inclinations being decidedly literary, he readily listened to the suggestions of Mr. Ebers, to make an expe- riment as a publisher. The sacrifice, to be sure, was considerable. It involved the relinquishment of his share in his father's lucrative business, which had been carried on, meanwhile, by two partners, at the head of whom he would necessarily be placed ; it was the exchanging a certainty for a chance. Yet, on the other hand, he was to secure the advantage of Mr. Ebers's extensive connexion, and of his practical knowledge of a business which as yet was a " book sealed" to him. There were other temptations, not un- worthy of a high literary ambition, and a generous zeal for the interests of authors. The period, that of 1828-9, was the season of the (exclusively) "fashionable novels," when what was most ephe- meral was most triumphant, and when works of a more enduring though less winning- character had fewer charms than usual in a publisher's eye. Let us here pause for a moment to consider what his aims were, and, at the same time, what were his qualifications for giving effect to them. Mr. Ainsworth entered upon his speculation doubtless with lite- rary feelings not very dissimilar to those with which he may be supposed to have recently originated his Magazine. His was not the speculation of an ordinary publisher ; his aim was to promote the interests of literature, to advance his own reputation as a writer, and to surround himself with such authors as it was alike honourable to serve and to be associated with ; he thought that he might bring forward sterling works, rejected, perhaps, as not " fashionable," and assist writers of a better class than those who aspired to a merely fleeting popularity ; in any case, he should succeed in showing that such an enterprise might be conducted on WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. Xlll liberal and gentlemanlike principles. These, as we believe, were his objects ; but he mistook the practicability of the scheme, and misconceived his own qualifications for conducting it. He had great liberality, a highly cultivated literary taste, ripe scholarship, and popular manners; he was borne up by the spirit of youth, and the love of books for their own sake, to make an experiment, and his entering upon it was the best proof of the sacrifices he could cheerfully incur, and that he thought of no selfish or mercenary bargain. But with these fine qualities he wanted some that are not always found in their company and in that of youth, — fore- thought, deliberation, patience under disappointment, submission to repugnant tasks, and indifference to the trifling circumstance of being always unthanked and generally misapprehended. What young man of one-and-twenty understands his own character sufficiently to justify such an attempt? His principles were but partially recognised by the writers with whom he was brought into connexion, and he was of too impatient a temperament to afford them time to understand him. His pride speedily revolted from the position he had voluntarily chosen, and at the expiration of about a year and a half he abandoned the experiment ; the result was — neither good nor harm beyond loss of time. During this period, and up to the year 1830, a few trifles had been written; a tragedy on the subject of Philip van Artevelde was planned, and two acts composed ; a melodrama or two, never acted, swelled the stock ; but nothing was published. A change of scene was now resolved upon : in the summer of that year Mr. Ainsworth started on a tour in Switzerland and Italy. It was in the following year, during a visit to Chesterfield, .that he first thought of writing a three-volumed tale, and the idea of " Rookwood" arose. He has told us his object. u Wishing," he says, " to describe somewhat minutely the trim gardens, the pic- turesque domains, the rook-haunted groves, the gloomy chambers, and gloomier galleries of an ancient Hall with which I was ac- quainted, I resolved to attempt a story in the bygone style of Mrs. Radcliffe ; substituting an old English squire, an old manorial residence, and an old English highwayman for the Italian marchese, the castle, and the brigand of that great mistress of romance." u Rookwood" was commenced, but many and serious pauses oc- curred in the completion of the story; nor was it until May, 1834, that it was published ; but the power with which the design was XIV MEMOIR OF worked out, the success with which it was accomplished, was in- stantaneously recognised. The " Edinburgh Review" described the novel achievement — " What Mr. Ainsworth has ventured to do, and successfully, was to revive the almost exploded interest afforded by the supernatural ; and to preserve this, too, not in connexion with days long gone by, but side by side with the sober realities of 1737, with the convivialities of Yorkshire squires and country attorneys, with the humours of justices of the peace and the feats of Dick Turpin the highwayman." The same writer describes, also, the influences of all this upon the reader. " Strange as it may seem, the author has contrived to present the terrors of burial vaults and the blood-stained mysteries of family crime side by side with the most familiar scenes of the every-day life of the eighteenth century, without exciting the slightest feeling of the ludicrous — nay, more, with a character of earnestness and solemnity with which, a priori, we should have hardly thought such subjects could have been invested." But the truth is, as the critic seems to have felt, that the reader is never allowed to pause for an instant to think at all. The famous picture of the ride to York, now as well known as the name of Turpin himself, is but an. image of the reader's course as he leaps the abrupt gaps and turns the picturesque corners of this singular tale. He goes through it hurried, yet noting everything, and with breathless interest ; and it is not until after a pause at the close that he bethinks him of the songs and ballads whose lively or solemn chimes struck his ear as he passed rapidly; when he is sure to turn back to read them leisurely over one by one, enjoying the true spirit of the old minstrelsy with which they are imbued, and wishing for a whole volume of such tuneful rarities. The effect of this publication was to place Mr. Ainsworth in the first rank of writers of romantic fiction. The first edition was speedily sold off; a second followed. In 1 836, Mr. Macrone issued a beautiful volume with designs by Cruikshank. " Crichton" was the next work meditated ; and as soon as pro- jected Mr. Macrone offered 350/. for the manuscript. It appeared in the spring of 1837, and a rapid sale betokened the now esta- blished reputation of the writer. This historical romance afforded, in some respects, indications of a higher aim and more elaborate finish than the happiest pictures of the preceding work. Extensive and curious reading — a minute acquaintance with the modes, WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. XV usuages > intrigue, and philosophy of the time — a capacity at once to analyse and combine — an eye for grand effects as well as the smallest details — were everywhere recognised. Many rare qualities united in the composition of this work. Its pictures of the times and persons it treats of are " finished sketches," the effect of which, by a truly artist-like skill, is heightened instead of diminished by the small fine touches that denote a thorough familiarity with every incidental particular of the subject. Thus, not only are the king's jester and the king's cook as vividly set before us as Henri him- self; but Henri's lineaments are not more accurately painted than is the quaint figure on a piece of embroidery, the fashion of a jewel, or the cut of a garment. In spite of a most hurried and effect-marring termination, this romance has in it the seeds of life, and contains some of its author's soundest and most brilliant writing. Here, again, we see a lyrical genius in full flow ; some of the songs are o£ a most dainty fashion, and charm equally by their structure and their fancy. The " Admirable Crichton" was yet winning admiration when his untired historian commenced another romance, which he origi- nally intended to call " Thames Darrell," and under that name it was announced by its publisher. After considerable delays, the opening chapters of the work made their appearance in " Bentley's Miscellany," under the title of " Jack Sheppard." This was in January, 1839. Two months afterwards, on the retirement of Mr. Dickens, the author of the new romance was installed as editor of the " Miscellany" — the terms agreed upon being 51/. per month. As the story month by month developed itself, the circle of its success widened ; not an audible objection to its hero or to its author — to his plot, scenery, or persons — their life, character, or behaviour — was raised, as far as we are aware, in the most fastidious coterie ; but, on the contrary, many established critics of high cha- racter, fully cognisant of the significant fact that the hero of the tale was the veritable housebreaker, welcomed him with winged pens as he broke limb by limb out of the Magazine, and shook him heartily by the hand as a legitimate historical acquaintance. When he stood before them, whole, in the autumn of the same year, he met with astonishing success, and became the " rage " for months. The three volumes were produced in a dramatic form simultaneously at eight different theatres ; and George Cruikshank's b xvi MEMOIR OF inimitable designs became set scenes east and west. At last, how- ever, the prison-breaker's popularity became all at once an offence in people's eyes greater than any of which he was ever convicted. He was denounced as something worse than the monster in " Frankenstein." Critics, who had always a passion for heroes in fetters before, now found out that housebreakers are disreputable characters. They were in raptures with the old-established brigand still, and the freebooter of foreign extraction ; they could hug Robin Hood as fondly as ever, and dwell with unhurt morals on the little peccadilloes of Rob Roy ; nay, they had no objection to ride behind Turpin to York any day, and would never feel ashamed of their company ; but they shook their heads at Shep- pardy because low people began to run after him at the theatres; he was a housebreaker ! We are here recording facts, and have small space for opinions. It may be observed, however, that the outcry, to have served any moral end, should have been raised much sooner. Why did it not break out when the housebreaker first broke out in January amidst public plaudits? Why was it silent for a whole twelvemonth? But this is not the only question. Why was not that moral outcry raised long before this culprit ever made a literary appearance at all? He had some remarkably suspicious precursors — heroes selected only for their ruffianism ; yet the storm falls on this offender, pro- bably because he comes late in the field. In answer to the charge of choosing a Newgate hero, the romancer is surely entitled to say, u I did not select him because he was a housebreaker, but because he was a prison-breaker" And if mischief arise from the delinea- tion of the characters of such criminals — which is a separate ques- tion, and would lead us as far afield as the " Robbers" of Schiller led the young reprobate nobles who turned thieves in imitation, and might suggest a committee of inquiry concerning Bardolph and Company, amongst a crowd of others — but if mischief arise, which course has the directest tendency to produce it — that which introduces the criminal into the story to play off his brutalities un- restricted, and, as it were, under cover of false dates and places — or that which avows the heroship on the title-page, and warns off those of timid tastes and trembling morals? People seem to object to no atrocity, no vulgarity, so that it be unexpected, and not con- centrated in the hero. We take up the most innocent-looking Arcadian sort of books, and find ourselves in the heart of Newgate. WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. XVll Of this we may have some cause to complain ; but we cannot com- plain of going to Tyburn, when the hero's very name tells us we shall be taken there in the end, wheresoever the story may pre- viously wind. Gay has been libelled for his " Beggar's Opera," and Fielding has been abused for his " Jonathan Wild the Great " (excellent company wherein to sin or to suffer martyrdom); but those exqui- site satires, if liable to be misunderstood by the dull, are as inno- cent of evil as they are brave in purpose and profound in wit. They are what they profess to be, and do not cheat the reader with a promise of something different. It is so, in its degree, with the romance to which we have referred. It can have injured or imposed upon no family on earth, except the Fudge Family. We now approach the consideration of works on which their author has unquestionably employed his best powers, and in which at least he has not sinned in point of subject. With the new year he commenced two new romances. u Guy Fawkes " appeared in the " Miscellany," and was completed in eighteen monthly num- bers, when it was reprinted in three volumes. The sum received during this period from the publisher exceeded 1500/. Of the several romances that have been founded partly or entirely upon the same subject, it is by far the most striking. The bold and simple painting of character, the felicitous description, the hair- breadth 'scapes which the reader follows with an interest trem- blingly alive, the constant fertility of invention, while the stream of historical truth flows on in the midst of all, denote the abundance of the resources which this w r riter always brings to his task. The time and subject seem new in his hands, because his manner and his materials (save the simple truth upon and around which he works them) are entirely his own. The " Tower of London " — the twin-born romance, running chapter by chapter with the foregoing — is a work of yet more remarkable power, because it is more fully and consistently sus- tained to the close. It had been the author's wish — if we are not misinformed — from the hour when he first saw the old fortress, to write a romance on one of the thousand almost incredible truths with which the memory that sanctifies it is peopled. The com- panion-thought to this was the hope to connect another historical legend with the Castle of Windsor — both so picturesque in them- selves, and both so surpassingly rich in historical recollections. 12 XVlll MEMOIR OF The one object is accomplished, the other is on the eve of com- mencement. The project of the u Tower" brought together author and artist — Ainsworth and Cruikshank — in partnership, on equal terms, and on their own responsibility. Considerations, however, connected with publication, led to an arrangement with Mr. Bentley, who was appointed to publish the work in monthly parts. It is still as popular as ever, as it must long remain. " Desirous," says Mr. Ainsworth, " of exhibiting the Tower in its triple light of a palace, a prison, and a fortress, the author has shaped his story with re- ference to that end; and he has also contrived such a series of in- cidents as should naturally introduce every relic of the old pile — its towers, chapels, halls, chambers, gateways, arches, and draw- bridges, so that no part of it should remain unillustrated " It is curious to observe how this purpose is worked out in entire con- sistency with an unbroken and uninterrupted narrative. With every necessity imposed upon the historian for going out of his way in order to realise previously resolved upon effects, there is no appearance of his ever doing so, and indeed, the scene being cir- cumscribed and the locality fixed, there is in this work fewer abrupt turns and changes than in the majority of its predecessors. The historical events chosen for illustration are happily suited for the design: they admit of every variety of agency, and embrace an enormous field in a small space ; — they involve the throne and the block, the siege and the stake, the secret plot and the fiery storm of revolt; — "the mad battle and the ghastly grave." They comprise the cold, insidious foreign bigot, wily as a serpent, and the hot-gospeller, frantic in his fanaticism; the haughty, daring noble and the brutal gaoler; the courtly knight and the headsman — a goodly company, with an infinite train of " dwarf and giant auxiliaries." The characters are extremely numerous; but they are not more skilfully grouped than they are artfully discriminated. Two of them seem to us of first-rate rank in that grand human gallery to which this author has now contributed several noble portraitures; these are, Mary the queen, and the subtle Spaniard, Simon Renard. But the whole space allotted to this memoir would not be too wide a limit for a comprehensive review of the characteristics of this admirable romance. One remark may be allowed. Mr. Ainsworth, in his intro- ductory observations, says: " Opposite the matchless White Tower WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. XIX — William of Orange by the side of "William the Conqueror — is that frightful architectural abomination, the Grand Store-House. It may not be impossible to remove this ugly and incongruous structure." Not long after this was written, the abused building was burnt down. Should not cant or prejudice, when it traces robberies to novels, have traced the conflagration to this romance? In the first week of 1841, " Old Saint Paul's" was commenced. The proprietors of the Sunday Times newspaper had proposed to Mr. Ainsworth to write a romance to be published in their journal weekly throughout the year, for which they very liberally offered 1000/. This was a new feature in newspaper management and romance-writing. The offer was accepted: the tale appeared in successive numbers, and at the close of the year (the copyright reverting to Mr. Ainsworth) it was re-issued in three handsome volumes, lavishly illustrated by Franklin. A large edition was disposed of. This work, u a tale of the Plague and the Fire," abounds, as this explanation denotes, in the terrible and the sub- lime. The time extends from April, 1665, to September in the following year, embracing the two most fearful and fatal calamities that ever London was visited with. With what grasping power Mr. Ainsworth has seized upon the prominent points arising out of these scenes of devastation and dismay, those best may judge who can most vividly recal past examples of his art in stirring men's blood and lifting the imagination to a point of horror ; but they may not so readily surmise with what a gentle and reconciling humanity he has detained us amidst what was loathsome, to exhibit to us, as it were, the lily in the charnel-house; and carried us through the pestilence and the flame, to vindicate the severity of human trials, to inculcate salutary lessons of exertion and en- durance, and track the course of faith, and courage, and happiness, through all. From the insupportable and unredeemed ghastliness of Defoe's astonishing narrative, we turn to this peopled story, and discover a vitality amidst the shadows of death, and hope stealing silently on through the desolation and the ruin. Mr. Ainsworth's engagement as editor of " Bentley's Miscellany " terminated with the year 1841, and in February, 1842, appeared the first number of "Ainsworth's Magazine," a journal of Romance, Literature, and Art. Its success, measured by the sale of the first volume, now completed, surpasses, it is said, by many degrees, that of any similar periodical that ever made its appearance. Its editor XX MEMOIR OF had surrounded himself by many able writers, but his reliance, perhaps, was upon a new tale from his own pen, " The Miser's Daughter." Though scarcely half finished, public opinion seems to have set its seal upon this fine-toned and charmingly-coloured story, as " the favourite and the flower." Of this work Cruikshank is the illustrator; but Mr. Ainsworth, it seems, purposes to keep the imagination of a second artist employed, for in July he opens, in his Magazine, a new tale, entitled " Windsor Castle," for which the celebrated Tony Johannot is to furnish steel engravings, and Alfred Delamotte woodcuts. Here draw we to a close, with the observation, that, should these new romances, now in a state of progress, share the good for- tune of their predecessors, they will not only be extensively read, but dramas will be founded upon them in this country; the Paris press will give them a new shape; America will spread them over her surface ; the German translator will ensure them a wide circu- lation in that land of the mysteries; and even the Dutch, as in the case of " Rookwood " and " Crichton," will mark them for their own. There is one event of a domestic nature that should be mentioned in a more saddened tone at the close. On the 15th of March, in the present year (1842), it was Mr. Ainsworth's affliction to lose his surviving parent — the revered mother who had taken pride in his rising fame, and had found joy in his constant affection. A beautiful monumental tribute to both parents has just been erected in the cemetery at Kensal Green. What have we to add to what we have here ventured to record, which the engraving that accompanies this memoir* will not more happily embody? Should that fail to do justice to his face — to its regularity and delicacy of feature, its manly glow of health, and the cordial nature that lightens it up, we must refer the dissatisfied beholder to Mr. Pickersgill's masterly full-length portrait, exhibited last year; in which the author of " The Miser's Daughter" maybe seen, not as some pale, worn, pining scholar — some fagging, half- exhausted periodical romancer — but as an English gentleman, of goodly stature and well-set limb, with a fine head on his shoulders, and a heart to match. If to this we add a word, it must be to observe, that, though the temper of our popular author may be marked by impatience on some occasions, it has never been upon * This refers to a portrait by Maclise which appeared in the " Mirror." WILLIAM HARRISON AI'XSWORTH. XXI any occasion marked by a want of generosity, whether in con- ferring benefits or atoning for errors. His friends regard him as a man with as few failings, blended with fine qualities, as most people; and his enemies know nothing at all about him. He is liberal towards his contemporaries, and quick to feel a kindness rendered to himself. He writes rapidly, and finds leisure, we are told, for a full portion of social enjoyment and relaxation; so that, at Kensal Manor-House, hospitality is a virtue that is always at home. Amongst the possessions which Mr. Ainsworth has more recently inherited is the charming residence at Beech-hill, where, as above stated, his early years were passed. To that house, with which all his younger and pleasanter recollections are connected, he medi- tates, we believe, a return in mature life. But the metropolis and its neighbourhood, the pursuit of fame, and the fields in which he has gathered up so many golden sheaves, will long detain him thence : the delay only tending to enrich his memories, and double the sweetness of a late retirement. And when that late day shall come, and the home of his childhood shall again be his, may he find the end like the beginning — with its "vision splendid " turned to a reality. The foregoing Memoir originally appeared in the " Mirror," in 1842. As emanating from an intimate and very dear (though now, alas! lamented) friend of Mr. Ainsworth, it will naturally be suspected of leaning to the side of partiality. And so it does, no doubt. Still, that does not seem a sufficient reason for withholding it from the present collective edition, to which it forms so appro- priate an introduction. A few more particulars are subjoined. Mr. Blanchard's favourable prognostications in regard to the "Miser's Daughter" were fully justified by the result. Of all the writer's productions it has, perhaps, held the chief place in public estimation. "Windsor Castle" was completed, and published with illustra- tions, in 1843, and obtained a very large sale. In the following year, " Saint James's ; or, the Court of Queen Anne," was commenced in " Ainsworth's Magazine," and was subsequently republished in three volumes. XX11 MEMOIR OF In the spring of 1845, Mr. Ains worth became sole proprietor of the " New Monthly Magazine," by purchase from Mr. Golburn. . In 1848, the " Lancashire Witches" appeared in weekly portions in the Sunday Times. For this romance 1000/. was received by its author, being the same amount as that paid him by the liberal and spirited proprietors of the journal in question for his previous work, " Old Saint Paul's." In, 1850-1, cheap editions of all such of Mr. Ainsworth's ro- mances and tales as had appeared up to that date were published by Messrs. Chapman and Hall. Upwards of thirty thousand copies of " Windsor Castle" (the first of the series) were disposed of in a short time, and all the works enjoyed a very large sale. Early in 1854, the "Star-Chamber," an historical romance, was published in two volumes. And in May in the same year appeared a Tale of English Home, entitled " The Flitch of Bacon; or, the Custom of Dunmow." This domestic story, very charmingly illus- trated by John Gilbert, seems to have taken rank as one of the most popular productions of its author.* In November, 1854, Mr. Ainsworth purchased "Bentley's Miscellany" from its proprietor and publisher; and in December an the same year " Ainsworth's Magazine" w T as discontinued, being ■ combined with the " Miscellany." In July, 1855, the ancient ceremony of the Flitch of Bacon was revived at Dunmow by Mr. Ainsworth. The following account of the proceedings on that occasion is from the Illustrated London Neics : " Thursday of last week, July 19th, was fixed, it will be re- membered, for the revival of this curious and interesting old custom. The publication of Mr. Harrison Ainsworth's romance, 'The Flitch of Bacon; or, the Custom of Dunmow/ last year, produced quite a new excitement on the subject in the neighbour- hood, and some of the inhabitants of Great Dunmow, a small market-town about two miles from the site of the Priory of Little Dunmow, where the flitch was originally given, formed themselves * There have been German, Dutch, and Russian translations of this tale. Lawrence, in his Life of Fielding, speaking of Russian versions of English novels, says : " I see by a new number of one of their periodicals (the Otechest- vennuiya Zapiski, for June, 1855), that in the midst of the desperate struggle before Sebastopol, the public of Saint Petersburg was being amused with trans- lations given at full length in that magazine of Lever's ' Dodd Family Abroad .and Ainsworth's ' Flitch of Bacon.' " WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. XXm into a committee, and placed themselves in communication with Mr. Ainsworth, for the purpose of reviving the custom. Mr. Ainsworth entered warmly into the plan, and not only subscribed handsomely towards the expenses, but offered to give the flitch. "When this was made public, the applications were more numerous than could have been expected; and, eventually, Mr. Ainsworth offered a second flitch. The couple first selected were Mr. Black- well, a surgeon of Cranbrook, in Kent, and his wife ; but, un- fortunately, Mrs. Blackwell died last February, and it became necessary to choose another couple in their place. The honour fell next upon Mr. James Barlow, a builder, of Chipping Ongar, in Essex; and the second flitch was adjudged to a couple from London, the Chevalier de Chatelain and his lady. The Chevalier is a French gentleman, and the lady an Englishwoman, and both of them are favourably known by their literary labours. As the Lord of the Manor of Little Dunmow refused to allow the revival of the custom there, the next best thing was to hold the ceremony in the town of Great Dunmow, which, at the present day, is by much the more appropriate place of the two; and there, accordingly, it was an- nounced that the adjudication of the flitches would take place. But it met with opposition even there ; and the greater part of the clergy of the neighbourhood, rather injudiciously, we think, set their faces against it ; and this feeling was carried to such an extent, that hostile papers were distributed about in some of the neigh- bouring towns and villages. It was evidently, however, very popular among the people of Dunmow generally. a The disappointment of the latter may be easily imagined when the morning of Thursday, the 19th of July, was ushered in by a pelting storm of rain, and everything announced its continuance during the whole of the day. This mischance kept away many of the visitors who had to come from a distance; and the special trains from the metropolis brought probably not more than one half of the number who would have been collected in them had the day been fine. In spite, however, of the inclemency of the weather, people poured in from the country around in great num- bers, some of them in waggons and carts decorated with flowers and green branches; and by mid-day the streets and open places in the town were everywhere crowded. Fortunately, the earlier and longer part of the proceedings were to be performed under cover. A chair of state, jury-boxes, seats for the claimants, witnesses, and Xxiv MEMOIR OF counsel, had been prepared in the handsome little Town-hall, and profusely decorated with garlands of roses and other appropriate ornaments. Although the company here was select, as they were admitted only by five-shilling tickets, the hall was well filled with spectators of both sexes, out of whom six maidens and six bachelors volunteered to act as the jurors. At two o'clock Mr. Harrison Ains- worth, as the giver of the flitches, took the chair to preside over the court ; the two sets of claimants, with their two witnesses each, were ushered into the places appropriated ; and the counsel (consisting of Mr. Eobert Bell, for the claimants, and Mr. Dudley Costello, opposed to them) took their seats. The prseco, or crier (Mr. Pavey), with mock ceremony, opened the court, and Mr. Ainsworth from the chair delivered an appropriate address, in which he traced very lucidly all that is known of the history of this custom ; dwelt on the advantage of keeping up old customs like this, which furnished innocent and exhilarating amusement to the people, and tended to protect rather than endanger morality, and upon the injudicious but fruitless opposition which a party had made to it in the present instance. The jury was then called over and received its charge; after which Mr. Bell addressed the company on the history of such courts, instancing others of the same character which had formerly existed in various countries, and comparing them with the Courts of Love in the middle ages, of which he gave a rather learned, but very amusing account. He concluded by confuting two objections which had been made to the court; first, that it was illegal, because held in Great Dunmow instead of Little Dunmow; and, secondly, that the claim was in neither case admissible, because not put in at the exact period of a year and a day after marriage. " Mr. and Mrs. Barlow, as the first claimants, were first brought forward. They were a good-humoured and intelligent-looking couple, excellent examples of good old English humanity, and they evidently carried with them the sympathies of the audience, among whom were many of their friends and acquaintance. Mr. Barlow, it appears, is a man who has raised himself to a respectable and comfortable position in life by his own industry and good conduct, having been originally a mere ploughboy; but, having entered into service as a man of all work, he saved sufficient money to put him- self apprentice to the business of a carpenter, in which he worked for some years as a journeyman, and subsequently set up in business for himself; and it was stated as a proof of the respect in which he WILLIAM HARRISON AIXSWORTH. XXV is lield by his townspeople, that they had shut up all their shops during the day in order to come to be witnesses of his triumph. The chief examination by Mr. Bell, and the cross-examination by Mr. Costello, of these claimants and their two witnesses, were carried on with admirable gravity; but they produced a very con- trary effect upon the audience, who were kept in a continual roar of laughter for considerably more than an hour. The position in society of the second claimants, the Chevalier de Chatelain and his lady, made their case far less calculated to afford amusement, and it was passed through more rapidly. At about half-past four this part of the proceedings was concluded, and both sets of claimants were declared worthy of the prize. " During this time the weather outside had undergone a propi- tious change, and the rain of the morning had given place to bright sunshine, leaving, however, behind it an abundance of mud. The procession set off from the Town-hall, immediately after the con- clusion of the court, to the great satisfaction of the crowd in the streets, who cheered it loudly as it went along. At the head rode a ' marshal/ or herald, in dress of the olden time ; then followed a party of the riders of the circus on their horses ; next came a car decorated with garlands, in which rode the ' ladies and gentlemen' of the jury. These were followed immediately by four yeomen, also in antiquated costume, carrying a frame, in which was sus- pended the first flitch of bacon, banded with wreaths of roses. This was followed immediately by the first successful couple, carried on men's shoulders, in a chair which appeared as though it were made of flowers. These were followed by another party of the equestrians of the circus, and by the second flitch, carried in the same manner, and by a similar chair, in which were the Cheva- lier and Madame de Chatelain; and the rear of the procession was brought up by Mr. Ainsworth in a carriage and a party of gentle- men on horseback. The procession proceeded through the town to a place outside called Windmill Field, where there was a large enclosure, in which stood the temporary building of Smith's circus, and a large booth for refreshments. From a rough calculation, we should judge that hardly less than seven thousand persons were assembled on this occasion ; and there was a great struggle to get into the enclosure, by those who were unwilling to pay the shil- ling demanded for admission. It w T as here that the concluding part of the ceremony took place. This consisted in taking with XXVI MEMOIR OF due solemnity the ancient Oath of the Flitch, thus expressed in rhyme : We do swear by custom of confession That we ne'er made nuptial transgression ; Nor since we were married man and wife, By household brawls or contentious strife, Or otherwise at bed or at board, Offended each other in deed or word ; Or since the parish clerk said amen, Wished ourselves unmarried again ; Or in a twelvemonth and a day Repented in thought in any way, But continued true and in desire As when we joined in holy quire. " When this oath was taken by each couple, it was the duty of the officer who administered it to reply : Since to these conditions, without any fear, Of your own accord you do freely swear, , A whole flitch of bacon you shall receive, And bear it hence with love and good leave ; For this is our custom at Dunmow well known, Though the pleasure be ours, the bacon's your own. "After this ceremony, the two couples were carried in their chairs to another part of the field, where the flitches were delivered to them, and acknowledged by the Chevalier in a rather short address, but by Mr. Barlow in a long one, in which he endea- voured to demonstrate to all married pairs how easy it was to live without quarrelling. " The remainder of the day, until a late hour, was passed in various sports and amusements, for which ample provision had been made. A party of near thirty gentlemen dined at the Saracen's Head with Mr. Ainsworth, who was supported by several of his literary friends, including Messrs. Robert Bell, Francis Ainsworth, T. Wright, Dudley Costello, J. W. Kaye, Lascelles Wraxall, Bertie Mostyn, &c, and passed a very pleasant social evening. An excellent haunch of venison had been presented by the Viscountess Maynard. Generally speaking, the proceedings of the day seem to have produced a favourable impression, for they presented none of the objection- able characteristics which some people seem to have expected, while the c performance' itself was carried on in a much more refined style of burlesque than any one looked for. No one could deny that there were here as honest couples as in days of yore, as imma- culate a jury, as good counsel, and as honest a judge, and many a good honest English yeoman, with plenty of sturdy lads and buxom WILLIAM HARRISON AIXSWORTH. xxvil lasses. A universal wish was expressed that it might be repeated another year." In 1855, appeared a beautifully printed edition of Mr. Ainsworth's poetical works, under the title of " Ballads : Romantic, Fantastical, and Humorous," with illustrations by John Gilbert. In 1856, the "Spendthrift" was published, with illustrations by John Gilbert, having previously appeared in " Bentley's Mis- cellany." It only remains to be added that a uniform octavo edition of Mr. Ainsworth's entire works, with illustrations by John Gilbert, George Cruikshank, Hablot K. Browne, John Franklin, Tony Johannot, and W. Alfred Delamotte, has been published by Messrs. Routledge and Co.; and that a cheap edition of the same works is included in the " Railway Library." " One of the main causes of the great popularity of Mr. Ains- worth's novels," says the Examiner, in a notice of the u Spend- thrift," " is the easy, familiar, natural style in which his narratives are told. Abundant in incident, ingenious in construction, clear and picturesque in description, sharp and decisive in the delineation of character, they excite an interest which never flags. A story in his hand receives a treatment peculiarly his own. From the first page to the last the movement is ever right onward : there are no retrospective pauses — no longueurs; he sets the goal fairly in view at once, and reaches it without swerve or check. But this rapidity is not achieved at the expense of method. That necessar}' adjunct to all successful novel-writing is, on the contrary, notably present in the artistic skill with which the actors in Mr. Ainsworth's spirited dramas are kept together, all advancing with equal foot, and moving by a common impulse. Mr. Ainsworth's predilections in the choice and treatment of a subject are essentially romantic — not to say tragic; but a large proportion of domestic incidents, which are always treated with much breadth and humour, is mingled with his tales ; so that though the general purport of them be serious, that quality does not overlay the lighter matter. There is no need for us to illustrate this fact by special reference to books which are in everybody's hands; and we only allude to it for the purpose of saying, that if a departure from his general plan be ob- servable, it is in his later productions." AINSWORTH OF SPOTLAND AND BEECH HILL, CO. LANCASTER. FROM BURKE'S "LANDED GENTRY." Ainsworth, William Harrison, Esq., of Spotland and Beech Hill, co. Lan- caster, b. 4 Feb., 1805 ; m. 11 Oct., 1826, Anne-Frances, younger dau. of John Ebers, Esq., and by her (who d. 6 March, 1838) has issue three daus., viz., i. Fanny. ii. Emily-Mary. in. Anne-Blanche. The Spotland estate came into the possession of Thomas Ainsworth, Esq., of Tottington, co. Lancaster, in 1708, through his wife, Jane, dau. of Jane Hop- wood, and James Echersall, Esq., Beech Hill, Smedley, near Manchester, was purchased in August, 1811, from Samuel Chetham Hilton, Esq., by the late Thomas Ainsworth, Esq., as were land and messuage in King-street, in March, 1819, from William Rigby, Esq., of Oldfield, Cheshire, together with other pro- perties in Manchester and Salford, in the years 1811, 1819, 1820, and 1822. Other property in Manchester was bequeathed to Thomas Ainsworth' s wife, Ann, for her separate use, by her father, the Rev. Ralph Harrison, who was the son of the Rev. William Harrison,* a Presbyterian divine, and the great-grand- son of the Rev. Cuthbert Harrison, a famous Nonconformist teacher, noticed in Dr. Calamy's account of ejected ministers. The Rev. Ralph Harrison attained a high reputation in Manchester as a preacher, an author, and a scholar, and realised a large fortune. He produced many able works of an educational cha- racter, and left behind him a volume of discourses that fully bear out his claim to the affectionate regard in which his character and ministration were held. William Harrison Ainsworth s. to the property on the death of his mother, 15 March, 1842. * The Rev. Ralph Harrison, b. 10 Sept., 1748, m. 6 March, 1775, Ann, dau. of John Touchet, Esq., of Manchester, by Sarah, dau. of James Bayley, Esq., and d. 24 Nov., 1810, having had issue six sons and three daus., i. John, b. 7 Jan., 1777, d. 11 Sept., 1777. ii. William, b. 22 May, 1779, minister to a society of Protestant Dissenters belonging to Blackley, Lancashire. in. James, b. 27 April, 1783, d. 6 Sept., 1788. iv. Ralph-Cooper, b. 5 Feb., 1785, d. 18 May, 1804. v. John, b. 6 Feb., 1786. vi. James, b. 10 March, 1791. i. Ann, b. 16 July, 1778, m. 23 June,' 1802, to Thomas Ainsworth, Esq., of whose line we treat. ii. Sarah, b. 21 Feb., 1787, d. 23 Sept., 1787. in. Sarah, b. 29 Dec., 1788, d. 13 June, 1789. XXX AINSWORTH OF SPOTLAND. Hmeage. Jeremiah Ainsworth, Esq., of Tottington, co. Lancaster, was father of Jeremiah Ainsworth, Esq., b. 13 Dec, 1622, whose son, Thomas Ainsworth, Esq., of Tottington, b. in 1656, m. Jane, dau. of James Echersall, Esq., of Spotland, by Jane, his wife, dau. of Edmund Hopwood, Esq., and grand-dau. of Thomas Hopwood, Esq., whose wife, Alice, conveyed the Spot- land estate to Edward Hopwood, Esq., of Hopwood, in trust for her son, John Hopwood, father of Jane Echersall. Thomas Ainsworth d. in 1742. Of this marriage the son and heir, James Ainsworth, Esq., of Mottram, m. Apphia, dau. of Joseph Holland, Esq., by Anne, dau. of John Braddock, Esq., and d. leaving four sons and two daus., James, Joseph, Jeremiah, Robert, Jane, and Apphia. The third son, Jeremiah Ainsworth, who was b. 25 Feb., 1743, m. Ann, dau. of John Shuttle- worth, Esq., of Rostherne, co. Chester, and d. 13 Nov., 1784, leaving issue, i. Thomas, b. 3 Feb., 1769, d. 29 Dec, 1771. ii. John, a capt. in the army, b. 4 April, 1771, m., 1st, Sarah, dau. of Benjamin Bancroft, Esq., by wnom ne had issue, John, likewise a capt. in the army, since deceased; Joseph, a major in the army, who d. in India; and Thomas, in holy orders, of Hartford Hall, co. Chester, who d. 15 May, 1847; Capt. Ainsworth m., 2ndly, Sarah, daughter of Thomas French, Esq., of Fobbing, Essex, by whom he had issue two sons and one dau., of whom the sole sur- vivor is William Francis Ainsworth, F.G.S., F.R.G.S., Corresponding Mem- ber of the Geographical Society of Paris, of the German Oriental Society, and of the German " National Union," Vice-President of the Institut d'Afrique, Corresponding Member of the Natural History Society of Mol- davia, Hon. Member of the Limerick Institution, and Honorary Secretary of the Syro-Egyptian Society, b. 5 Nov., 1807; appointed, in 1835, Surgeon and Geologist to the Euphrates Expedition; and despatched, in 1838, by the Royal Geographical Society, and the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, in charge of an expedition to the Chaldean Mountaineers. Captain Ainsworth d. 8 Sept., 1849. in. Jeremiah, b. 2 Sept., 1775, d. 13 Nov., 1784. iv. Thomas, of whose line we treat. v. James, F.R.C.S. Lond., and Senior Surgeon to the Manchester Infirmary, b. 5 March, 1783, m. Elizabeth, dau. of James Fawsett, Esq., by whom he has issue, 1. Ralph-Fawsett, M.D.,F.R.CP. Edinb., Physician to the Manchester Infirmary, and Lecturer to the Manchester School of Medicine; and 2. Anne, m. to the Rev. Thomas Ainsworth. She d. 30 May, 1847. i. Mary, b. 18 April, 1773. ii. Elizabeth, b. 18 Jan., 1781, since deceased. Thomas Ainsworth (the fourth son), b. at Rostherne, 19 June, 1778, m. 23 June, 1802, Ann, dau. of the Rev. Ralph Harrison, of Manchester, and d. 20 June, 1824, leaving issue, i. William-Harrison, the present representative. ii. Thomas Gilbert, 6. 4 Oct., 1806. Arms. — Gu., three battle-axes, arg. Crest— An arm in armour, grasping a battle-axe, ppr., suspended therefrom an escutcheon, arg., charged with a spade, sa. Motto. — Vi et virtute. Residence. — Brighton. TO MY MOTHER. When I inscribed this Romance to you, my dear Mother, on its first appearance, I was satisfied that, whatever reception it might meet with elsewhere, at your hands it would be sure of indulgence. Since then, the approbation your partiality would scarcely have withheld, has been liberally accorded by the public ; and I have the satisfaction of reflecting, that in following the dictates of affection, which prompted me to select the dearest friend I had in the world as the subject of a dedication, I have not overstepped the limits of prudence; nor, in connecting your honoured name with this trifling production, involved you in a failure which, had it occurred, would have given you infinitely more concern than myself. After a lapse of three years, during which my little bark, fanned by pleasant and prosperous breezes, has sailed, more than once, securely into port, I again commit it to the waters, with more confidence than heretofore, and with a firmer reliance that, if it should be found " after many days," it may prove a slight memorial of the warmest filial regard. Exposed to trials of no ordinary difficulty, and visited by do- mestic affliction of no common severity, you, my dear Mother, have borne up against the ills of life with a fortitude and resigna- tion which those who know you best can best appreciate, but which none can so well understand, or so thoroughly appreciate, as myself. Suffering is the lot of all. Submission under the dispensation is permitted to few. And it is my fervent hope that my own children may emulate your virtues, if they are happily spared your sorrows. Hereafter, if I should realise a design, which I have always entertained, of illustrating the early manners and customs, as well t • xxxn DEDICATION. as the local peculiarities, of the great commercial town to which I owe my birth, I would inscribe that book to my Father — u line pauvre feuiile de papier, tout ce quefai, en regrettant de ri avoir pas de c/ranil ;" — as a fit tribute to the memory of one whose energies were so unremittingly and so successfully directed towards the pro- motion of the public improvements in Manchester, that his name may, with propriety, be associated with its annals. Would that he had lived to see the good work he so well began entirely ac- complished ! But the present Dedication, and that which I meditate, are inseparably connected together in my mind by the same ties of reverence and love. I would offer one to both, and both to one. The tenderness lavished on my childhood, the guidance be- stowed upon my youth, and the counsel afforded me in maturer years, — All these, still legible in memory's page, And still to be so to my latest age, Add joy to duty, make me glad to pay Such honours to thee as my numbers may : Perhaps a frail memorial, but sincere, Not seorn'd in heaven, though little noticed here ! That you may be long spared to him* is the earnest wish of Your very affectionate Son, WILLIAM HARRISON AINSWORTH. October 18, 1837. * The prayer was not granted. My venerated Mother was lost to mo in little more than four years from the date of this Dedication. She died 15th March, 1842. PREFACE. During a visit to Chesterfield, in the autumn of the year 1831, I first conceived the notion of writing this story. Wishing to de- scribe, somewhat minutely, the trim gardens, the picturesque domains, the rook-haunted groves, the gloomy chambers, and ffloomier galleries, of an ancient Hall with which I was ac- quainted, I resolved to attempt a story in the bygone style of Mrs. RadclifTe (which had always inexpressible charms for me), substi- tuting an old English squire, an old English manorial residence, and an old English highwayman, for the Italian marchese, the castle, and the brigand of the great mistress of Romance. While revolving this subject, I happened, one evening, to enter the spacious cemetery attached to the church with the queer, twisted steeple, which, like the uplifted tail of the renowned Dragon of Wantley, to whom u houses and churches were as capons and turkeys," seems to menace the good town of Chesterfield with de- struction. Here an incident occurred, on the opening of a vault, which it is needless to relate, but which supplied me with a hint for the commencement of my romance, as well as for the ballad entitled "The Coffin." Upon this hint I immediately acted; and the earlier chapters of the book, together with the description of the ancestral mansion of the Rookwoods, were completed before I quitted Chesterfield. Another and much larger portion of the work was written during a residence at Rottingdean, in Sussex, in the latter part of XXXIV PREFACE. 1833, and owes its inspiration to many delightful walks over the South Downs. Romance-writing was pleasant occupation then. The Ride to York was completed in one day and one night. This feat — for a feat it was, being the composition of a hundred ordinary novel pages in less than twenty-four hours — was achieved at " The Elms" — a house I then occupied at Kilburn. Well do I remember the fever into which I was thrown- during the time of composition. My pen literally scoured over the pages. So tho- roughly did I identify myself with the flying highwayman, that, once started, I found it impossible to halt. Animated by kindred enthusiasm, I cleared every obstacle in my path with as much facility as Turpin disposed of the impediments that beset his flight. In his company, I mounted the hill-side, dashed through the bustling village, swept over the desolate heath, threaded the silent street, plunged into the eddying stream, and kept an onward course, without pause, without hindrance, without fatigue. "With him I shouted, sang, laughed, exulted, wept. Nor did I retire to rest till, in imagination, I heard the bell of York Minster toll forth the knell of poor Black Bess. The supernatural occurrence, forming the groundwork of one of the ballads which I have made the harbinger of doom to the house of Rookwood, is ascribed, by popular superstition, to a family resident in Sussex; upon whose estate the fatal tree (a gigantic lime, with mighty arms and huge girth of trunk, as de- scribed in the song) is still carefully preserved. Cuckfield Place, to which this singular piece of timber is attached, is, I may state, for the benefit of the curious, the real Rookwood Hall ; for I have not drawn upon imagination, but upon memory, in describing the seat and domains of that fated family. The general features of the venerable structure, several of its chambers, the old garden, and, in particular, the noble park, with its spreading prospects, its pic- turesque views of the Hall, " like bits of Mrs. Radcliffe" (as the poet Shelley once observed of the same scene), its deep glades, through which the deer come lightly tripping down, its uplands, slopes, brooks, brakes, coverts, and groves, are carefully delineated. The superstition of a fallen branch affording a presage of ap- proaching death is not peculiar to the family I have mentioned. Many other old houses have been equally favoured: in fact, there is scarcely an ancient family in the kingdom without a boding sign. For instance, the Breretons of Brereton, in Cheshire, were warned PREFACE. XXXV by the appearance of stocks of trees floating, like the swollen bodies of long-drowned men, upon the surface of a sombre lake (called Blackmere, from the inky colour of its waters) adjoining their residence; and numerous other examples might be given. The death-presage of the Breretons is alluded to by Drayton in the "PolyoUrion? It has been well observed by Barry Cornwall, " that the songs which occur in dramas are more natural than those which proceed from the author in person." With equal force does the reasoning apply to the romance, which may be termed the drama of the closet. It would seem strange, on a first view, that an author should be more at home in an assumed character than his own. But experience shows the position to be correct. Conscious he is no longer individually associated with his work, the writer pro- ceeds with ail the freedom of irresponsibility. His idiosyncrasy is merged in that of the personages he represents. He thinks with their thoughts; sees with their eyes; speaks with their tongues. His strains are such as he himself {per se) would not — perhaps could not — have originated. In this light he may be said to bring to his subject not one mind, but several; he becomes not one poet, but many ; for each actor in his drama has a share, and an im- portant share, in the lyrical estro to which he gives birth. This it is which has imparted any verve, variety, or dramatic character they possess, to the ballads contained in this production. Turpi n I look upon as the real songster of " Black Bess ;" to Jerry Juniper I am unquestionably indebted for a flash melody which, without his hint, would never have been written; while to the Sexton I owe the solitary gleam of light I have been enabled to throw upon the horrors and mystery of the churchyard. As I have casually alluded to the flash song of Jerry Juniper, 1 may, perhaps, be allowed to make a few observations upon this branch of versification. It is somewhat curious, with a dialect so racy, idiomatic, and plastic as our own cant, that its metrical capabilities should have been so little essayed. The French have numerous chansons d'argot, ranging from the time of Charles Bourdigne and Villon down to that of Vidocq and Victor Hugo, the last of whom has enlivened the horrors of his " Dernier Jour dun Condamne" by a festive song of this class. The Spaniards possess a large collection of Romances de Germania, by various authors, amongst whom Quevedo holds a distinguished place. We, xxxiv PREFACE. 1833, and owes its inspiration to many delightful walks over the South Downs. Romance-writing was pleasant occupation then. The Ride to York was completed in one day and one night. This feat — for a feat it was, being the composition of a hundred ordinary novel pages in less than twenty-four hours — was achieved at " The Elms" — a house I then occupied at Kilburn. Well do I remember the fever into which I was thrown- during the time of composition. My pen literally scoured over the pages. So tho- roughly did I identify myself with the flying highwayman, that, once started, I found it impossible to halt. Animated by kindred enthusiasm, I cleared every obstacle in my path with as much facility as Turpin disposed of the impediments that beset his flight. In his company, I mounted the hill-side, dashed through the bustling village, swept over the desolate heath, threaded the silent street, plunged into the eddying stream, and kept an onward course, without pause, without hindrance, without fatigue. With him I shouted, sang, laughed, exulted, wept. Nor did I retire to rest till, in imagination, I heard the bell of York Minster toll forth the knell of poor Black Bess. The supernatural occurrence, forming the groundwork of one of the ballads which I have made the harbinger of doom to the house of Rookwood, is ascribed, by popular superstition, to a family resident in Sussex; upon whose estate the fatal tree (a gigantic lime, with mighty arms and huge girth of trunk, as de- scribed in the song) is still carefully preserved. Cuckfield Place, to which this singular piece of timber is attached, is, I may state, for the benefit of the curious, the real Rookwood Hall ; for I have not drawn upon imagination, but upon memory, in describing the seat and domains of that fated family. The general features of the venerable structure, several of its chambers, the old garden, and, in particular, the noble park, with its spreading prospects, its pic- turesque views of the Hall, " like bits of Mrs. Radcliffe" (as the poet Shelley once observed of the same scene), its deep glades, through which the deer come lightly tripping down, its uplands, slopes, brooks, brakes, coverts, and groves, are carefully delineated. The superstition of a fallen branch affording a presage of ap- proaching death is not peculiar to the family I have mentioned. Many other old houses have been equally favoured: in fact, there is scarcely an ancient family in the kingdom without a boding sign. For instance, the Brerctons of Brereton, in Cheshire, were warned PREFACE. XXXV by the appearance of stocks of trees floating, like the swollen bodies of long-drowned men, upon the surface of a sombre lake (called Blackmere, from the inky colour of its waters) adjoining their residence; and numerous other examples might be given. The death-presage of the Breretons is alluded to by Drayton in the « Polyolbion? It has been well observed by Barry Cornwall, u that the songs which occur in dramas are more natural than those which proceed from the author in person." With equal force does the reasoning apply to the romance, which may be termed the drama of the closet. It would seem strange, on a first view, that an author should be more at home in an assumed character than his own. But experience shows the position to be correct. Conscious he is no longer individually associated with his work, the writer pro- ceeds with ail the freedom of irresponsibility. His idiosyncrasy is merged in that of the personages he represents. He thinks with their thoughts; sees with their eyes; speaks with their tongues. His strains are such as he himself (per se) would not — perhaps could not — have originated. In this light he may be said to bring to his subject not one mind, but several; he becomes not one poet, but many; for each actor in his drama has a share, and an im- portant share, in the lyrical estro to which he gives birth. This it is which has imparted any verve, variety, or dramatic character they possess, to the ballads contained in this production. Turpin I look upon as the real songster of u Black Bess ;" to Jerry Juniper I am unquestionably indebted for a flash melody which, without his hint, would never have been written; while to the Sexton I owe the solitary gleam of light I have been enabled to throw upon the horrors and mystery of the churchyard. As I have casually alluded to the flash song of Jerry Juniper, 1 may, perhaps, be allowed to make a few observations upon this branch of versification. It is somewhat curious, with a dialect so racy, idiomatic, and plastic as our own cant, that its metrical capabilities should have been so little essayed. The French have numerous chansons oVargot, ranging from the time of Charles Bourdigne and Villon down to that of Vidocq and Victor Hugo, the last of whom has enlivened the horrors of his " Dernier Jour dun Condamne" by a festive song of this class. The Spaniards possess a large collection of Romances de Gertnania, by various authors, amongst whom Quevedo holds a distinguished place. We, XXXVI PREFACE. on the contrary, have scarcely any slang songs of merit. With a race of depredators so melodious and convivial as our highwaymen, this is the more to be wondered at. Had they no bards amongst their bands? Was there no minstrel at hand to record their exploits? I can only call to mind one robber who was a poet — Delany, and he was an Irishman. This barrenness, I have shown, is not attri- butable to the poverty of the soil, but to the want of due cultiva- tion. Materials are at hand in abundance, but there have been few operators. Dekker, Beaumont and Fletcher, and Ben Jonson, have all dealt largely in this jargon, but not lyrically; and one of the earliest and best specimens of a canting-song occurs in Brome's u Jovial Crew;" and in the a Adventures of Bamfylde Moore Careio" there is a solitary ode, addressed by the mendicant fraternity to their newly-elected monarch; but it has little humour, and can scarcely be called a genuine canting-song. This ode brings us down to our own time; to the effusions of the illustrious Pierce Egan ; to Tom Moore's Flights of " Fancy ;" to John Jackson's famous chant, " On the High Toby Spice flash the Muzzle" cited by Lord Byron in a note to u Don Juan ;" and to the glorious Irish ballad, worth them all put together, entitled " The Night before Larry was stretched" This facetious performance is attributed to the late Dean Burrowes, of Cork. It is worthy of note, that almost all modern aspirants to the graces of the Musa Pedestris are Irish- men. Of all rhymesters of the " Road" however, Dean Burrowes is, as yet, most fully entitled to the laurel. Larry is quite " the potato ! " And here, as the candidates are so few, and their pretensions so humble, I can't help putting in my claim for praise. I venture to affirm that I have done something more than has been accomplished by my predecessors, or contemporaries, with the significant language under consideration. I have written a purely flash song; of which the great and peculiar merit consists in its being utterly incomprehensible to the uninformed understanding, while its meaning must be perfectly clear and perspicuous to the practised pattercr of Romany, or Pedlar's French. I have, more- over, been the first to introduce and naturalise amongst us a mea- sure which, though common enough in the Argotic minstrelsy of France, has been hitherto utterly unknown to our pedestrian poetry. Some years afterwards the song alluded to, better known under the PREFACE. xxxvn title of u Nix my dolly, pals,— fake away l'^ sprang into extraor- dinary popularity, being set to music by Rodwell, and chanted by glorious Paul Bedford and clever little Mrs. Keeley. Before quitting the subject of these songs, I may mention that they probably would not have been written at all if one of the earliest of them (a chance experiment) had not excited the warm approbation of my friend Charles Oilier, author of the striking romance of "Ferrers." This induced me to prosecute the vein accidentally opened. Turpin was the hero of my boyhood. I had always a strange passion for highwaymen, and have listened by the hour to their ex- ploits, as narrated by my father, and especially to those of " Daunt- less Dick," that " chief minion of the moon." One of Turpin's adventures in particular, the ride to Hough Green, which took deep hold of my fancy, I have recorded in song. When a boy, I have often lingered by the side of the deep old road where this robbery was committed, to cast wistful glances into its mysterious windings; and when night deepened the shadows of the trees, have urged my horse on his journey, from a vague apprehension of a visit from the ghostly highwayman. And then there was the Bollin, with its shelvy banks, which Turpin cleared at a bound; the broad meadows over which he winged his flight ; the pleasant bowling-green of the pleasant old inn at Hough, where he produced his watch to the Cheshire squires, with whom he was upon terms of intimacy ; all brought something of the gallant robber to mind. No wonder, in after years, in selecting a highwayman for a cha- racter in a tale, I should choose my old favourite, Dick Turpin. In reference to two of the characters here introduced, and drawn from personages living at the time the tale was written, it may be mentioned that poor Jerry Juniper met his death from an accident at Chichester, while he was proceeding to Goodwood races; and that the knight of Malta (Mr. Tom, a brewer of Truro, the self- styled Sir William Courtenay, who played the strange tricks at Canterbury chronicled in a song given in these pages), after his re- lease from Banning Heath Asylum, was shot through the head while leading on a mob of riotous Kentish yeomen, whom he had persuaded that he was the Messiah ! If the design of Romance be, what it has been held, the expo- sition of a useful truth by means of an interesting story, I fear I have but imperfectly fulfilled the cfiice imposed upon me; havings XXXVlll PREFACE. as I will freely .confess, had, throughout, an eye rather to the reader's amusement than his edification. One wholesome moral, however, may, I trust, be gathered from the perusal of this Tale; namely, that, without due governance of the passions, high aspira- tions and generous emotions will little avail their possessor. The impersonations of the Tempter, the Tempted, and the Better Influence, may be respectively discovered, by those who care to cull the honey from the flower, in the Sexton, in Luke, and in Sybil. The chief object I had in view in making the present essay, was to see how far the infusion of a warmer and more genial current into the veins of old Romance would succeed in reviving her flut- tering and feeble pulses. The attempt has succeeded beyond my most sanguine expectation. Romance, if I am not mistaken, is destined shortly to undergo an important change. Modified by the German and French writers — by Hoffman, Tieck, Hugo, Dumas, Balzac, and Paul Lecroix (le Bibliophile Jacob) — the struc- ture commenced in our own land by Horace Walpole, Monk Lewis, Mrs. Radcliffe, and Maturin, but left imperfect and inhar- monious, requires, now that the rubbish which choked up its ap- proach is removed, only the hand of the skilful architect to its entire renovation and perfection. And now, having said my say, I must bid you, worthy reader, farewell. Beseeching you, in the words of old Rabelais, " to inter- pret all my sayings and doings in the perfectest sense. Reverence the cheese-like brain that feeds you with all these jolly maggots; and do what lies in you to keep me always merry. Be frolic now, my lads ! Cheer up your hearts, and joyfully read the rest, with all ease of your body, and comfort of your reins." Kensal Manou-House, December 15, 1S49. ROOKWOOD. BOOK I. THE WEDDING RING. It has been observed, and I am apt to believe it is an observation which will generally be found true, that before a terrible truth comes to light, there are certain murmuring whispers fly before it, and prepare the minds of men for the reception of the truth itself. Gallick Reports. Case of the Count Saint Geran. CHAPTER I. THE VAULT. Let me know, therefore, fully the intent Of this thy dismal preparation — This talk fit for a charnel. Webster. Within a sepulchral vault, and at midnight, two persons were seated. The chamber was of singular construction and consider- able extent. The roof was of solid stone masonry, and rose in a- wide semicircular arch to the height of about seventeen feet, mea sured from the centre of the ceiling to the ground floor, while the sides were divided by slight partition- walls into ranges of low, nar- row catacombs. The entrance to each cavity was surrounded by an obtusely-pointed arch, resting upon slender granite pillars ; and the intervening space was filled up with a variety of tablets, escut- cheons, shields, and inscriptions, recording the titles and heraldic honours of the departed. There were no doors to the niches ; and within might be seen piles of coffins, packed one upon another, till the floor groaned with the weight of lead. Against one of the pillars, upon a hook, hung a rack of tattered, time-out-of-mind hatchments ; and in the centre of the tomb might be seen the effigies of Sir Ranulph de Rokewode, the builder of the mau- soleum, and the founder of the race who slept within its walls. This statue, wrought in black marble, differed from most monu- B 2 EOOKWOOD. mental carved-work, in that its posture was erect and life-like. Sir Ranulph was represented as sheathed in a complete suit of mail, decorated with his emblazoned and Q-ilded surcoat, his arm leaning upon the pommel of a weighty curtai-axe. The attitude was that of stern repose. A conically-formed helmet rested upon the brow ; the beaver was raised, and revealed harsh but commanding features. The golden spur of knighthood was fixed upon the heel ; and, at the feet, enshrined in a costly sarcophagus of marble, dug from the same quarry as the statue, rested the mortal remains of one of " the sternest knights to his mortal foe that ever put speare in the rest." Streaming in a wavering line upon the roof, the sickly flame of a candle partially fell upon the human figures before alluded to, throwing them into darkest relief, and casting their opaque and fantastical shadows along the ground. An old coffin upon a bier, we have said, served the mysterious twain for a seat. Between them stood a bottle and a glass, evidences that whatever might be the ulterior object of their stealthy communion, the immediate comfort of the creature had not been altogether overlooked. At the feet of one of the personages were laid a mattock, a horn lantern (from which the candle had been removed), a crowbar, and a bunch of keys. Near to these implements of a vocation which the reader will readily surmise, rested a strange superannuated terrier with a wiry back and frosted muzzle; a head minus an car, and a leg wanting a paw. His master, for such we shall suppose him, was an old man with a lofty forehead, covered with a sin- gularly shaped nightcap, and clothed, as to his lower limbs, with tight, ribbed, grey worsted hose, ascending externally, after a by- gone fashion, considerably above the knee. The old man's elbow rested upon the handle of his spade, his wrist supported his chin, and his grey glassy eyes, glimmering like marsh-meteors in the candlelight, were fixed upon his companion with a glance of searching scrutiny. The object of his investigation, a much more youthful and interesting person, seemed lost in reverie, and alike insensible to time, place, and the object of the meeting. With both hands grasped round the barrel of a fowling-piece, and his face leaning upon the same support, the features were entirely concealed from view; the light, too, being at the back, and shedding its rays over, rather than upon his person, aided his disguise. Yet, even thus imperfectly defined, the outline of the head, and the proportions of the figure, were eminently striking and symmetrical. Attired in a rough forester's costume, of the mode of 1737, and of the roughest texture and rudest make, his wild garb would have de- termined his rank as sufficiently humble in the scale of society, had not a certain loftiness of manner, and bold, though reckless deportment, argued pretensions on the part of the wearer to a more elevated station in life, and contradicted, in a great measure, f§^£^^ THE VAULT P. 2. ROOKWOOD. 3 the impression produced by the homely appearance of his habili- ments. A cap of shaggy brown fur, fancifully, but not ungrace- fully fashioned, covered his head, from beneath which, dropping, in natural clusters, over his neck and shoulders, a cloud of raven hair escaped. Subsequently, when his face was more fully revealed, it proved to be that of a young man, of dark aspect, and grave, melancholy expression of countenance, approaching even to the stern, when at rest; though sufficiently animated and earnest when emraired in conversation, or otherwise excited. His features were regular, delicately formed, and might be characterised as singularly handsome, were it not for a want of roundness in the contour of the face which gave the lineaments a thin, worn look, totally dis- tinct, however, from haggardness or emaciation. The nose was delicate and line ; the nostril especially so ; the upper lip was short, curling, graceful, and haughtily expressive. As to com- plexion, his skin had a truly Spanish warmth and intensity of colouring. His figure, when raised, was tall and masculine, and though slight, exhibited great personal vigour. We will now turn to his companion, the old man with the great grey glittering eyes. Peter Bradley, of Rookwood (comitatu. Ebor.), where he had exercised the vocation of sexton for the best part of a life already drawn out to the full span ordinarily allotted to mortality, was an odd caricature of humanity. His figure was lean, and almost as lank as a skeleton. His bald head reminded one of a bleached skull, allowing for the overhanging and hoary brows. Deep-seated, and sunken within their sockets, his grey orbs gleamed with intolerable lustre. Few could endure his gaze; and, aware of his power, Peter seldom failed to exercise it. He had likewise another habit, which, as it savoured of insanity, made him an object of commiseration with some, while it rendered him yet more obnoxious to others. The habit we allude to, was the indulgence of wild screaming laughter at times when all mei'd- ment should be checked ; and when the exhibition of levity must proceed from utter disregard of human grief and suffering, or from mental alienation. Vv r caried with the prolonged silence, Peter at length conde- scended to speak. His voice was harsh and grating as a rusty hi n ire. " Another glass ?" said he, pouring out a modicum of the pale fluid. His companion shook his head. " It will keep out the cold," continued the sexton, pressing the liquid upon him ; " and you, who are not so much accustomed as I am to the damps of a vault, may suffer from them. Besides," added he, sneeringly, u it will give you courage." His companion answered not. But the flash of his eye resented the implied reproach. " Nay, never stare at me so hard, Luke," continued the sexton; b2 4 ROOKWOOD. a I doubt neither your courage nor your firmness. But if you won't drink, I will. Here's to the rest eternal of Sir Piers Rook- wood ! You'll say amen to that pledge, or you are neither grand- son of mine, nor offspring of his loins." " Why should I reverence his memory," answered Luke, bitterly, refusing the proffered potion, u who showed no fatherly love for me? He disowned me in life: in death I disown him. Sir Piers Rook wood was no father of mine." "He was as certainly your father, as Susan Bradley, your mother, was my daughter," rejoined the sexton. " And, surely," cried Luke, impetuously, " you need not boast of the connexion ! 'Tis not for you, old man, to couple their names together — to exult in your daughter's disgrace and your own dishonour. Shame ! shame ! Speak not of them in the same breath, if you would not have me invoke curses on the dead ! / have no reverence (whatever you may have) for the se- ducer — for the murderer of my mother." " You have choice store of epithets, in sooth, good grandson," rejoined Peter, with a chuckling laugh. u Sir Piers a murderer I" " Tush !" exclaimed Luke, indignantly, " afFect not ignorance. You have better knowledge than I have of the truth or falsehood of the dark tale that has gone abroad respecting my mother's fate; and unless report has belied you foully, had substantial reasons for keeping sealed lips on the occasion. But to change this painful subject," added he, with a sudden alteration of manner, "at what hour did Sir Piers Rookwood die?" " On Thursday last, in the night-time. The exact hour I know not," replied the sexton. "Of what ailment?" " Neither do I know that. His end was sudden, yet not with- out a warning sign." " What warning?" inquired Luke. " Neither more nor less than the death-omen of the house. You look astonished. Is it possible you have never heard of the ominous Lime-Tree, and the Fatal Bough? Why, 'tis a common tale hereabouts, and has been for centuries. Any old crone would tell it you. Peradventure, you have seen the old avenue of lime- trees leading to the hall, nearly a quarter of a mile in length, and as noble a row of timber as any in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Well, there is one tree — the last on the left hand before you come to the clock-house — larger than all the rest — a huge piece of timber, with broad spreading branches, and of I know not what girth in the trunk. That tree is, in some mysterious manner, con- nected with the family of Rookwood, and immediately previous to the death of one of that line, a branch is sure to be shed from the parent stem, prognosticating his doom. But you shall hear the legend." And in a strange sepulchral tone, not inappropriate, how- ever, to his subject, Peter chanted the following ballad: ROOKWOOD. O THE LEGEND OF THE LIME-TREE. Amid the grove o'er-archcd above with lime-trees old and tall (The avenue that leads unto the Rookwood's ancient liall), High o'er the rest its towering crest one tree rears to the sky, And wide out-flings, like mighty wings, its arms umbrageously. Seven yards its base would scarce embrace — a goodly tree I ween, With silver bark, and foliage dark, of melancholy green ; And mid its boughs two ravens house, and build from year to year, Their black brood hatch — their black brood watch — then screaming disappear. In that old tree when playfully the summer breezes sigh, Its leaves are stirred, and there is heard a low and plaintive cry ; And when in shrieks the storm blast speaks its reverend boughs among, Sad wailing moans, like human groans, the concert harsh prolong. But whether gale or calm prevail, or threatening cloud hath fled, By hand of Eate, predestinate, a limb that tree will shed : A verdant bough — untouched, I trow, by axe or tempest's breath— To Rookwood's head an omen dread of fast-approaching death. Some think that tree instinct must be with preternatural power, Like 'larum bell Death's note to knell at Fate's appointed hour ; While some avow that on its bough are fearful traces seen, Red as the stains from human veins, commingling with the green. Others, again, there are maintain that on the shattered bark A print is made, where fiends have laid their scathing talons dark ; That, ere it falls, the raven calls thrice from that wizard bough ; And that each cry doth signify what space the Fates allow. In olden days, the legend says, as grim Sir Ranulph view'd A wretched hag her footsteps drag beneath his lordly wood, His blood-hounds twain he called amain, and straightway gave her chase ; Was never seen in forest green, so fierce, so fleet a race ! With eyes of flame to Ranulph came each red and ruthless hound, While mangled, torn — a sight forlorn ! — the hag lay on the ground ; E'en where she lay was turned the clay, and limb and reeking bone Within the earth, with ribald mirth, by Ranulph grim were thrown. And while as yet the soil was wet with that poor witch's gore, A lime-tree stake did Ranulph take, and pierced her bosom's core ; And, strange to tell, what next befel ! — that branch at once took root, And richly fed, within its bed, strong suckers forth did shoot. From year to year fresh boughs appear — it waxes huge in size ; And, with wild glee, this prodigy Sir Ranulph grim espies. One day, when he, beneath that tree, reclined in joy and pride, A branch was found upon the ground — the next, Sir Ranulph died ! And from that hour a fatal power has ruled that Wizard Tree, To Ranulph's line a warning sign of doom and destiny : For when a bough is found, I trow, beneath its shade to lie, Ere suns shall rise thrice in the skies a Rookwood sure shall die ! " And such an omen preceded Sir Piers's demise ?" said Luke f who had listened with some attention to his grandsire's song. 66 Unquestionably," replied the sexton. " Not longer ago than Tuesday morning, I happened to be sauntering down the avenue I have just described. I know not what took me thither at that early 6 ROOKWOOD. hour, but 1 wandered leisurely on till I came nigh the Wizard Lime-Tree. Great Heaven ! what a surprise awaited me ! a huge branch lay right across the path. It had evidently just fallen, for the leaves were green and unwithered ; the sap still oozed from the splintered wood ; and there was neither trace of knife nor hatchet on the bark. I looked up among the boughs to mark the spot from whence it had been torn by the hand of Fate — for no human hand had done it — and saw the pair of ancestral ravens perched amid the foliage, and croaking as those carrion fowl are wont to do when they scent a carcase afar off. Just then a livelier sound saluted my ears. The cheering cry of a pack of hounds re- sounded from the courts, and the great gates being thrown open, out issued Sir Piers, attended by a troop of his roystering com- panions, all on horseback, and all making the welkin ring with their vociferations. Sir Piers laughed as loudly as the rest, but his mirth was speedily checked. No sooner had his horse (old Rook, his favourite steed, who never swerved at stake or pale before) set eyes upon this accursed branch, than he started as if the fiend stood before him, and, rearing backwards, flung his rider from the saddle. At this moment, with loud screams, the wizard ravens took flight. Sir Piers was somewhat hurt by the fall, but he was more frightened than hurt ; and though he tried to put a bold nice on the matter, it was plain that his efforts to recover himself were fruitless. Dr. Titus Tyrconnel and that wild fellow Jack Palmer (who has lately come to the hall, and of whom you know something) tried to rally him. But it would not do. He broke up the day's sport, and returned dejectedly to the hall. Before departing, however, he addressed a word to me, in private, re- specting you ; and pointed, with a melancholy shake of the head, to the fatal branch. ' It is my death-warrant] said he, gloomily. And so it proved ; two days afterwards his doom was accom- plished." " And do you place faith in this idle legend?" asked Luke, with affected indifference, although it was evident, from his manner, that he himself was not so entirely free from a superstitious feel- ing of credulity as he would have it appear. " Certes," replied the sexton. " I were more difficult to be convinced than the unbelieving disciple else. Thrice hath it oc- curred to my own knowledge, and ever with the same result : firstly, with Sir Reginald; secondly, with thy own mother; and lastly, as I have just told thee, with Sir Piers." " I thought you said, even now, that this death-omen, if such it be, was always confined to the immediate family of Rookwood, and not to mere inmates of the mansion." " To the heads only of that house, be they male or female." "Then how could it apply to my mother? Was she of that house? Was she a wife?" " Who shall say she was not?" rejoined the sexton. EOOKWOOD. 7 "Who shall say she was so?" cried Luke, repeating the words with indignant emphasis — " who will avouch that?" A smile, cold as a wintry sunbeam, played upon the sexton's rigid lips. " I will bear this no longer," cried Luke ; " anger me not, or look to yourself. In a word, have you anything to tell me respect- ing her? if not, let me be gone." "I have. But I will not be hurried by a boy like you," replied Peter, doggedly. " Go, if you will, and take the consequences. My lips are sealed for ever, and I have much to say — much that it behoves you to know." " Be brief, then. When you sought me out this morning, in my retreat with the gipsy gang at Davenham Wood, you bade me meet you in the porch of Rookwood Church at midnight. I was true to my appointment." " And I will keep my promise," replied the sexton. " Draw closer, that I may whisper in thine ear. Of every Rookwood who lies around us — and all that ever bore the name, except Sir Piers himself (who lies in state at the hall), are here — not one — mark what I say — not one male branch of the house but has been sus- pected " "Of what?" " Of murder!" returned the sexton, in a hissing whisper. "Murder!" echoed Luke, recoiling. " There is one dark stain — one foul blot on all. Blood — blood hath been spilt." "By all?" " Ay, and such blood ! theirs was no common crime. Even murder hath its decrees. Theirs was of the first class." " Their wives ! — you cannot mean that?" " Ay, their wives ! — I do. You have heard it, then? Ha ! ha ! 'tis a trick they had. Did you ever hear the old saying? No mate ever brook would A Rook of the Rookwood ! A merry saying it is, and true. No woman ever stood in a Rook- wood's way but she was speedily removed — that's certain. They had all, save poor Sir Piers, the knack of stopping a troublesome woman's tongue, and practised it to perfection. A rare art, eh?" " What have the misdeeds of his ancestry to do with Sir Piers," muttered Luke, " much less with my mother?" " Everything. If he could not rid himself of his wife (and she is a match for the devil himself), the mistress might be more readily set aside." "Have you absolute knowledge of aught?" asked Luke, his voice tremulous with emotion. "Nay, I but hinted." " Such hints are worse than open speech. Let me know the 8 ROOKWOOD. worst. Did he kill her?" And Luke glared at the sexton as if he would have penetrated his secret soul. But Peter was not easily fathomed. His cold, bright eye re- turned Luke's gaze steadfastly, as he answered, composedly, " I have said all I know." "But not all you think" " Thoughts should not always find utterance, else we might often endanger our own safety, and that of others." " An idle subterfuge — and, from you, worse than idle. I will have an answer, yea or nay. Was it poison — was it steel?" " Enough — she died." " No, it is not enough. When ? where ?" " In her sleep — in her bed." " Why, that was natural." A wrinklinsr smile crossed the sexton's brow. " What means that horrible gleam of laughter?" exclaimed Luke, grasping the shoulder of the man of graves with such force as nearly to annihilate him. " Speak, or I will strangle you. She died, you say, in her sleep?" " She did so," replied the sexton, shaking off Luke s hold. ' ' And was it to tell me that I had a mother's murder to avenge, that you brought me to the tomb of her destroyer — when he is beyond the reach of my vengeance ?" Luke exhibited so much frantic violence of manner and gesture, that the sexton entertained some little apprehension that his in- tellects were unsettled by the shock of the intelligence. It was, therefore, in what he intended for a soothing tone that he at- tempted to solicit his grandson's attention. " I will hear nothing more," interrupted Luke, and the vaulted chamber rang with his passionate lamentations. " Am I the sport of this mocking fiend?" cried he, "to whom my agony is derision — my despair a source of enjoyment — beneath whose withering glance my spirit shrinks — who, with half-expressed insinuations, tortures my soul, awakening fancies that goad me on to dark and desperate deeds? Dead mother! upon thee I call. If in thy grave thou canst hear the cry of thy most wretched son, yearning to avenge thee — answer me, if thou hast the power. Let me have some token of the truth or falsity of these wild suppositions, that I may wrestle against this demon. But no," added he, in accents of despair, il no ear listens to me, save his to whom my wretched- ness is food for mockery." " Could the dead hear thee, thy mother might do so," returned the sexton. " She lies within this space." Luke staggered back, as if struck by a sudden shot. He spoke not, but fell with a violent shock against a pile of coffins, at which he caught for support. " What have I done?" he exclaimed, recoiling. A thundering crash resounded through the vault. One of the ROOKWOOD. 9 coffins, dislodged from its position by his fall, tumbled to the ground, and, alighting upon its side, split asunder. "Great Heavens! what is this?" cried Luke, as a dead body, clothed in all the hideous apparel of the tomb, rolled forth to his feet. "It is your mother's corpse," answered the sexton, coldly; "I brought you hither to behold it. But you have anticipated my intentions." " This my mother?" shrieked Luke, dropping upon his knees by the body, and seizing one of its chilly hands, as it lay upon the floor, with the face upwards. The sexton took the candle from the sconce. " Can this be death?" shouted Luke. " Impossible ! Oh, God ! she stirs — she moves. The light ! — quick. I see her stir ! This is dreadful I" " Do not deceive yourself," said the sexton, in a tone which betrayed more emotion than was his wont. "*Tis the bewilder- ment of fancy. She will never stir again." And he shaded the candle with his hand, so as to throw the light full upon the face of the corpse. It was motionless as that of an image carved in stone. No trace of corruption was visible upon the rigid, yet exquisite tracery of its features. A profuse cloud of raven hair, escaped from its swathements in the fall, hung like a dark veil over the bosom and person of the dead, and pre- sented a startling contrast to the waxlike hue of the skin and the pallid cereclothes. Flesh still adhered to the hand, though it mouldered into dust within the gripe of Luke, as he pressed the fingers to his lips. The shroud was disposed like night-gear about her person, and from without its folds a few withered flowers had fallen. A strong aromatic odour, of a pungent nature, was dif- fused around; giving evidence that the art by which the ancient Egyptians endeavoured to rescue their kindred from decomposi- tion had been resorted to, to preserve the fleeting charms of the unfortunate Susan Bradley. A pause of awful silence succeeded, broken only by the convul- sive respiration of Luke. The sexton stood by, apparently an in- different spectator of the scene of horror. His eye wandered from the dead to the living, and gleamed with a peculiar and in- definable expression, half apathy, half abstraction. For one single instant, as he scrutinised the features of his daughter, his brow, contracted by anger, immediately afterwards was elevated in scorn. But otherwise you would have sought in vain to read the purport of that cold, insensible glance, which dwelt for a brief space on the face of the mother, and settled eventually upon her son. At length the withered flowers attracted his attention. He stooped to pick up one of them. " Faded as the hand that gathered ye — as the bosom on which ye were strewn!" he murmured. " No sweet smell left — but — 10 ROOKWOOD. faugli !" Holding the dry leaves to the flame of the candle, they were instantly ignited, and the momentary brilliance played like a smile upon the features of the dead. Peter observed the effect. " Such was thy life," he exclaimed; a a brief, bright sparkle, fol- lowed by dark, utter extinction !" Saying which, he flung the expiring ashes of the floweret from his hand. CHAPTER II. THE SKELETON HAND. Duch. You are very cold. I fear you are not well after your travel. Ha ! lights. Oh horrible ! Fer. Let her have lights enough. Duch. What witchcraft doth he practise, that he hath left A dead hand here ? Duchess o/Malfy. The sexton's waning candle now warned him of the progress of time, and having completed his arrangements, he addressed himself to Luke, intimating his intention of departing. But re- ceiving no answer, and remarking no signs of life about his grand- son, he began to be apprehensive that he had fallen into a swoon. Drawing near to Luke, he took him gently by the arm. Thus disturbed, Luke groaned aloud. " I am glad to find you can breathe, if it be only after that melancholy fashion," said the sexton; "but come, I have wasted time enough already. You must indulge your grief elsewhere." " Leave me," sighed Luke. " What, here? It were as much as my office is worth. You can return some other night. But go you must, now — at least, if you take on thus. I never calculated upon a scene like this, or it had been long ere I brought you hither. So come away; yet, stay; — but first lend me a hand to replace the body in the coffin." " Touch it not," exclaimed Luke; "she shall not rest another hour within these accursed walls. I will bear her hence myself." And, sobbing hysterically, he relapsed into his former insen- sibility. " Poh ! this is worse than midsummer madness," said Peter ; " the lad is crazed with grief, and all about a mother who has been four-and-twmty years in her grave. I will e'en put her out of the way myself." Saying which, he proceeded, as noiselessly as possible, to raise the corpse in his arms, and deposited it softly within its former tenement. Carefully as he executed his task, he could not accom- plish it without occasioning a slight accident to the fragile frame. Insensible as he was, Luke had not relinquished the hold he ROOKWOOD. 11 maintained of his mother's hand. And when Peter lifted the body, the ligaments connecting the liand with the arm were sud- denly snapped asunder. It would appear afterwards, that this joint had been tampered with, and partially dislocated. Without, however, entering into further particulars in this place, it may be sufficient to observe that the hand, detached from the socket at the wrist, remained within the gripe of Luke; while, ignorant of the mischief he had occasioned, the sexton continued his labours un- consciously, until the noise which he of necessity made in stamp- ing with his heel upon the plank, recalled his grandson to sensi- bility. The first thing that the latter perceived, upon collecting his faculties, were the skeleton fingers twined within his own. u What have you done with the body? Why have you left this with me?" demanded he. u It was not my intention to have done so," answered the sexton, suspending his occupation. " I have just made fast the lid. but it is easily undone. You had better restore it." u Never," returned Luke, staring at the bony fragment. u Pshaw ! of what advantage is a dead hand? 'Tis an unlucky keepsake, and will lead to mischief. The only use I ever heard of such a thing being turned to, was in the case of Bow-legged Ben, who was hanged in irons for murder, on Hardchase Heath, on the York Road, and whose hand was cut off at the wrist the first ni^ht to make a Hand of Glory, or Dead Man's Candle. Hast never heard what the old song says ?" And without awaiting his grandson's response, Peter broke into the following wild strain : THE HAND OF GLORY* Prom the corse that hangs on the roadside tree (A murderer's corse it needs must be). Sever the right hand carefully : — Sever the hand that the deed hath done, Ere the flesh that clings to the bones be gone ; In its dry veins must blood be none. Those ghastly fingers white and cold, Within a winding-sheet enfold ; Count the mystic count of seven : Name the Governors of Heaven.f Then in earthen vessel place them, And with dragon-wort encase them, Bleach them in the noonday sun, Till the marrow melt and run, Till the flesh is pale and wan, As a moon-ensilvered cloud, As an unpolluted shroud. Next within their chill embrace The dead man's Awful Candle place ; * See the celebrated recipe for the Hand of Glory in "Les Secrets du Petit Albert." | The seven planets, so called by Mercurius Trismegistus. 12 ROOKWOOD. Of murderer's fat must that candle be (You may scoop it beneath the roadside tree), Of wax, and of Lapland sisame. Its wick must be twisted of hair of the dead, By the crow and her brood on the wild waste shed. Wherever that terrible light shall burn Vainly the sleeper may toss and turn ; His leaden lids shall he ne'er unclose So long as that magical taper glows. Life and treasure shall he command Who knoweth the charm of the Glorious Hand ! But of black cat's gall let him aye have care, And of screech-owl's venomous blood beware ! " Peace !" thundered Luke, extending his mother's hand towards the sexton. "What seest thou?" " I see something shine. Hold it nigher the light. Ha ! that is strange, truly. How came that ring there?" " Ask of Sir Piers ! ask of her husband ! " shouted Luke, with a wild burst of exulting laughter. u Ha ! ha ! ha ! 'tis a wedding- ring ! And look ! the finger is bent. It must have been placed upon it in her lifetime. There is no deception in this — no trickery —ha!" " It would seem not ; the sinew must have been contracted in life. The tendons are pulled down so tightly, that the ring could not be withdrawn without breaking the finger." " You are sure that coffin contains her body?" " As sure as I am that this carcase is my own." " The hand' — 'tis hers. Can any doubt exist?" " Wherefore should it? It was broken from the arm by acci- dent within this moment. I noticed not the occurrence, but it must have been so." " Then it follows that she was wedded, and I am not " u Illegitimate. For your own sake I am glad of it." " My heart will burst. Oh ! could I but establish the fact of this marriage, her wrongs would be indeed avenged." u Listen to me, Luke," said the sexton, solemnly. " I told you, when I appointed this midnight interview, I had a secret to com- municate. That secret is now revealed — that secret was your mother's marriage." " And it was known to you during her lifetime ?" " It was. But I was sworn to secrecy." " You have proofs then?" " I have nothing beyond Sir Piers's word — and he is silent now." 61 By whom was the ceremony performed?" " By a Romish priest — a Jesuit — one Father Checkley, at that time an inmate of the hall; for Sir Piers, though he afterwards abjured it, at that time professed the Catholic faith, and this Checkley officiated as his confessor and counsellor; as the partner ROOKWOOD. 13 of his pleasures, and the prompter of his iniquities. He was your father's evil genius." " Is he still alive?" " I know not. After your mother's death he left the hall. I have said he was a Jesuit, and I may add, that he was mixed up in dark political intrigues, in which your father was too feeble a character to take much share. But though too weak to guide, he was a pliant instrument, and this Checkley knew. He moulded him according to his wishes. I cannot tell you what was the nature of their plots. Suffice it, they were such as, if discovered, would have involved your father in ruin. He was saved, however, by his wife." " And her reward " groaned Luke. " Was death," replied Peter, coldly. " What Jesuit ever forgave a wrong — real or imaginary? Your mother, I ought to have said, was a Protestant. Hence there was a difference of religious opinion — (the worst of differences that can exist between husband and wife). Checkley vowed her destruction, and he kept his vow. He was enamoured of her beauty. But while he burnt with adulterous desire, he was consumed by fiercest hate — contending, and yet strangely-reconcilable passions — as you may have reason, hereafter, to discover." " Go on," said Luke, grinding his teeth. " I have done," returned Peter. u From that hour your father's love for his supposed mistress, and unacknowledged wife, declined; and with his waning love declined her health. I will not waste words in describing the catastrophe that awaited her union. It will be enough to say, she was found one morning a corpse within her bed. Whatever suspicions were attached to Sir Piers were quieted by Checkley, who distributed gold, largely and discreetly. The body was embalmed by Barbara Lovel, the Gipsy Queen." " My foster-mother !" exclaimed Luke, in a tone of extreme astonishment. " Ah," replied Peter, " from her you may learn all particulars. You have now seen what remains of your mother. You are in possession of the secret of your birth. The path is before you, and if you would arrive at honour you must pursue it steadily, turning neither to the right nor to the left. Opposition you will meet at each step. But fresh lights may be thrown upon this difficult case. It is in vain to hope for Checkley's evidence, even should the caitiff priest be living. He is himself too deeply implicated — ha !" Peter stopped, for at this moment the flame of the candle sud- denly expired, and the speakers were left in total darkness. Some- thing like a groan followed the conclusion of the sexton's discourse. It was evident that it proceeded not from his grandson, as an ex- clamation burst from him at the same instant. Luke stretched out his arm. A cold hand seemed to press against his own, commu- nicating a chill like death to his frame. 14 ROOKWOOD. " Who is between us?" he ejaculated. " The devil !" cried the sexton, leaping from the coffin-lid with an agility that did him honour. " Is aught between us?" " I will discharge my gun. Its flash will light us." " Do so," hastily rejoined Peter. "But not in this direction." " Get behind me," cried Luke. And he pulled the trigger. A blaze of vivid light illumined the darkness. Still nothing was visible, save the warrior figure, which was seen for a moment, and then vanished like a ghost. The buck-shot rattled against the further end of the vault. u Let us go hence," ejaculated the sexton, who had rushed to the door, and thrown it wide open. " Mole! Mole!" cried he, and the dog sprang after him. " I could have sworn I felt something," said Luke ; " whence issued that groan?" "Ask not whence," replied Peter. "Reach me my mattock, and spade, and the lantern ; they are behind you. And stay, it were better to bring away the bottle." "Take theln, and leave me here." "Alone in the vault? — no, no, Luke, I have not told you half I know concerning that mystic statue. It is said to -move — to walk — to raise its axe — be warned, I pray." "Leave me, or abide, if you will, my coming, in the church. If there is aught that may be revealed to my ear alone, I will not shrink from it, though the dead themselves should arise to pro- claim the mystery. It may be — but — go — there are your tools." And he shut the door, with a jar that shook the sexton's frame. Peter, after some muttered murmurings at the hardihood and madness, as he termed it, of his grandson, disposed his lanky limbs to repose, upon a cushioned bench without the communion railing. As the pale moonlight fell upon his gaunt and cadaverous visage, he looked like some unholy thing suddenly annihilated by the presiding influence of that sacred spot. Mole crouched him- self in a ring at his master's feet. Peter had not dozed many minutes, when he was aroused by Luke's return. The latter was very pale, and the damp stood in big drops upon his brow. " Have you made fast the door?" inquired the sexton. " Here is the key." " What have you seen?" he next demanded. Luke made no answer. At that moment, the church clock struck two, breaking the stillness with an iron clang. Luke raised his eyes. A ray of moonlight, streaming obliquely through the painted window, fell upon the gilt lettering of a black mural entablature. The lower part of the inscription was in the shade, but the emblazonment, and the words — Orate pro arnrna 3£UgfaaUrf Hooklnoofc ccruttts auratf, ROOKWOOD. 15 were clear and distinct. Luke trembled, he knew not why, as the sexton pointed to it. " You have heard of the handwriting upon the wall," said Peter. li Look there ! — ' His kingdom hath been taken from him.' Ha, ha ! Listen to me. Of all thy monster race — of all the race of Rookwood I should say — no demon ever stalked the earth more terrible than him whose tablet you now behold. By him a brother was betrayed ; by him a brother's wife was dishonoured. Love, honour, friendship, were with him as words. He regarded no ties: he defied and set at nought all human laws and obligations — and yet he was religious, or esteemed so — received the viaticum, and died full of years and honours, hugging salvation to his sinful heart. And after death he has yon lying epitaph to record his virtues. His virtues ! ha, ha ! Ask him who preaches to the kneeling throng gathering within this holy place what shall be the murderer's portion — and he will answer — Death ! And yet Sir Reginald was long-lived. The awful question, ' Cain, where is thy brother?' broke not his tranquil slumbers. Luke, I have told you much — but not all. You know not, as yet — nor shall you know your destiny; but you shall be the avenger of infamy and blood. I have a sacred charge committed to my keeping, which, hereafter, I may delegate to you. You shall be Sir Luke Rookwood, but the conditions must be mine to propose." " No more," said Luke; " my brain reels. I am faint. Let us quit this place, and get into the fresh air." And striding past his grandsire he traversed the aisles with hasty steps. Peter was not slow to follow. The key w r as applied, and they emerged into the churchyard. The grassy mounds were bathed in the moonbeams, and the two yew-trees, throwing their black, jagged shadows over the grave hills, looked like evil spirits brooding over the repose of the righteous. The sexton noticed the deathly paleness of Luke's countenance, but he fancied it might proceed from the tinge of the sallow moon- light. " I will be with you at your cottage ere daybreak," said Luke. And turning an angle of the church, he disappeared from view. u So," exclaimed Peter, gazing after him, "the train is laid; the spark has been applied; the explosion will soon follow. The hour is fast approaching when I shall behold this accursed house shaken to dust, and when my long-delayed vengeance will be gratified. In that hope I am content to drag on the brief rem- nant of my days. Meanwhile, I must not omit the stimulant. In a short time I may not require it." Draining the bottle to the last drop, he flung it from him, and commenced chanting, in a high key and cracked voice, a wild ditty, the words of which ran as follow : 16 ROOKWOOD. THE CARRION CROW * The Carrion Crow is a sexton bold, He raketh the dead from out the mould ; He delveth the ground like a miser old, Stealthily hiding his store of gold. Caw! Caio! The Carrion Crow hath a coat of black, Silky and sleek like a priest's to his back ; Like a lawyer he grubbeth — no matter what way — The fouler the offal, the richer his prey. Caw! Caw! the Carrion Crow! Dig ! Dig ! in the ground below ! The Carrion Crow hath a dainty maw, With savoury pickings he crammeth his craw ; Kept meat from the gibbet it pleaseth his whim, It never can hang too long for him ! Caw! Caw! The Carrion Crow smell eth powder, 'tis said, Like a soldier escheweth the taste of cold lead ; No jester, or mime, hath more marvellous wit, For, wherever he lighteth, he maketh a hit ! Caw! Caw! the Carrion Crow! Dig ! Dig ! in the ground beloio \ Shouldering his spade, and whistling to his dog, the sexton quitted the churchyard. Peter had not been gone many seconds, when a dark figure, muffled in a wide black mantle, emerged from among the tombs surrounding the church ; gazed after him for a few seconds, and then, with a menacing gesture, retreated behind the ivied but- tresses of the grey old pile. * Set to music by Mr. E. Romer. CHAPTER III. THE PAKK. Brian. Ralph ! nearest thou any stirring ? Ralph. I heard one speak here, hard by, in the hollow. Peace ! master, speak low. Nouns ! if I do not hear a bow^ go off, and the bnck bray, I never heard deer in my life. Bri. Stand, or I'll shoot. Sir Arthur. Who's there ? Bri. I am the keeper, and do charge you stand. You .have stolen my deer. Merry Devil of Edmonton. Luke's first impulse had been to free himself from the restraint imposed by his grandsire's society. He longed to commune with himself. Leaping the small boundary-wall, which defended the ROOKWOOD. 17 churchyard from a deep green lane, he hurried along in a direction contrary to that taken by the sexton, making the best of his way until he arrived at a gap in the high-banked hazel hedge, which overhung the road. Heedless of the impediments thrown in his way by the undergrowth of a rough ring fence, he struck through the opening that presented itself', and, climbing over the moss- grown paling, trod presently upon the elastic sward of Rookwood Park. A few minutes' rapid walking brought him to the summit of a rising ground crowned with aged oaks, and, as he passed beneath their broad shadows, his troubled spirit, soothed by the quietude of the scene, in part resumed its serenity. Luke yielded to the gentle influence of the time and hour. The stillness of the spot allayed the irritation of his frame, and the dewy chillness cooled the fever of his brow. Leaning for support against the gnarled trunk of one of the trees, he gave himself up to contemplation. The events of the last hour — of his whole exis- tence — passed in rapid review before him. The thought of the wayward, vagabond life he had led; of the wild adventures of his youth ; of all he had been ; of all he had done ; of all he had en- dured — crowded his mind ; and then, like the passing of a cloud Hitting across the autumnal moon, and occasionally obscuring the smiling landscape before him, his soul was shadowed by the re- membrance of the awful revelations of the last hour, and the fear- ful knowledge he had acquired of his mother's fate — of his father's guilt. The eminence on which he stood was one of the highest p oinls of the park, and commanded a view of the hall, which might be a quarter of a mile distant, discernible through a broken vista of trees, its whitened walls glimmering in the moonlight, and its tali chimney spiring far from out the round masses of wood in which it lay embosomed. The ground gradually sloped in that direction, occasionally rising into swells, studded with magnificent timber — dipping into smooth dells, or stretching out into level glades, until it suddenly sank into a deep declivity, that formed an effectual di- vision, without the intervention of a haw-haw, or other barrier, between the chase and the home-park. A slender stream strayed through this ravine, having found its way thither from a small reservoir, hidden in the higher plantations to the left; and further on, in the open ground, and in a line with the hall, though, of course, much below the level of the building, assisted by many local springs, and restrained by a variety of natural and artificial embankments, this brook spread out into an expansive sheet of water. Crossed by a rustic bridge, the only communication be- tween the parks, the pool found its outlet into the meads below; and even at that distance, and in that still hour, you might almost catch the sound of the brawling waters, as they dashed down the weir in a foaming cascade; while, far away, in the spreading valley, a 18 ROOKWOOD. the serpentine meanderings of the slender current might be traced, glittering like silvery threads in the moonshine. The mild beams of the queen of night, then in her meridian, trembled upon the topmost branches of the tall timber, quivering like diamond spray upon the outer foliage; and, penetrating through the interstices of the trees, fell upon the light wreaths of vapour then beginning to arise from the surface of the pool, steeping them in misty splendour, and lending to this part of the picture a character of dreamy and unearthly beauty. All else was in unison. No sound interrupted the silence of Luke's solitude, except the hooting of a large grey owl, that, scared at his approach, or in search of prey, winged its spectral flight in continuous and mazy circles round his head, uttering at each wheel its startling whoop ; or a deep, distant bay, that ever and anon boomed upon the ear, proceeding from a pack of hounds kennelled in a shed adjoining the pool before mentioned, but which was shrouded from view by the rising mist. No living objects presented themselves, save a herd of deer, crouched in a covert of brown fern beneath the shadow of a few stunted trees, immediately below the point of land on which Luke stood; and although their branching antlers could scarcely be detected from the ramifications of the wood itself, they escaped not his practised ken. "How often," murmured Luke, "in years gone by, have I traversed these moonlit glades, and wandered amidst these wood- lands, on nights heavenly as this — ay, and to some purpose, as yon thinned herd might testify ! Every dingle, every dell, every rising brow, every bosky vale and shelving covert, have been as familiar to my track as to that of the fleetest and freest of their number : scarce a tree amidst the thickest of yon outstretching forest with which I cannot claim acquaintance ; 'tis long since I have seen them. By Heavens ! 'tis beautiful ! and it is all my own ! Can I forget that it was here I first emancipated myself from thraldom ? Can I forget the boundless feeling of delight that danced within my veins when I first threw off the yoke of servitude, and roved unshackled, unrestrained, amidst these woods? The wild intoxi- cating bliss still tingles to my heart. And they are all my own — my own ! Softly, what have we there?" Luke's attention was arrested by an object which could not fail to interest him, sportsman as he was. A snorting bray was heard, and a lordly stag stal'ked.slowly and majestically from out the copse. Luke watched the actions of the noble animal with great interest, drawing back into the shade. A hundred yards, or thereabouts, might be between him and the buck. It was within range of ball. Luke mechanically grasped his gun ; yet his hand had scarcely raised the piece half way to his shoulder, when he dropped it again to its rest. " What am I about to do?" he mentally ejaculated. " Why, for ROOKWOOD. 19 mere pastime, should I take away yon noble creature's life, when his carcase would be utterly useless to me? Yet such is the force of habit, that I can scarce resist the impulse that tempted me to fire; and I have known the time, and that not long since, when I should have shown no such self-control." Unconscious of the danger it had escaped, the animal moved forward with the same stately step. Suddenly it stopped, with ears pricked, as if some sound had smote them. At that instant the click of a gun-lock was heard, at a little distance to the right. The piece had missed fire. An instantaneous report from another gun succeeded ; and, with a bound high in air, the buck fell upon his back, struggling in the agonies of death. Luke had at once divined the cause ; he was aware that poachers were at hand. He fancied that he knew the parties; nor was he deceived in his con- jecture. Two figures issued instantly from a covert on the right, and making to the spot, the first who reached it put an end to the animal's struggles by plunging a knife into its throat. The affrighted herd took to their heels, and were seen darting swiftly iown the chase. One of the twain, meantime, was occupied in feeling for the deer's fat, when he was approached by the other, who pointed in the direction of the house. The former raised himself from his kneeling posture, and both appeared to listen attentively. Luke fancied he heard a slight sound in the distance; whatever the noise proceeded from, it w r as evident the deer-stealers were alarmed. They laid hold of the buck, and, dragging it along, concealed the carcase among the tall fern; they then retreated, halting for an instant to deliberate, within a few yards of Luke, who was con- cealed from their view by the trunk of the tree, behind which he had ensconced his person. They were so near, that he lost not a word of their muttered conference. " The game's spoiled this time, Bob Rust, any how," growled one, in an angry tone ; u the hawks are upon us, and we must leave this brave buck to take care of himself. Curse him ! — who'd a' thought of Hugh Badger's quitting his bed to-night? Respect for his late master might have kept him quiet the night before the funeral. But look out, lad, Dost see 'em?" " Ay, thanks to old Oliver — yonder they are," returned the other. " One — two — three — and a muzzled bouser to boot. There's Hugh at the head on 'em. Shall we stand and show fight? I have half a mind for it." "No, no," replied the first speaker; " that will never do, Rob — no fighting. Why run the risk of being grabb'd for a haunch of venison? Had Luke Bradley or Jack Palmer been with us, it might have been another affair. As it is, it won't pay. Be- sides, we've that to do at the hall to-morrow night that may make men of us for the rest of our nat'ral lives. We've pledged our- selves to Jack Palmer, and we can't be off in honour. It won't do C 9- 20 . ROOKWOOD. to be snabbled in the nick of it. So let's make for the prad in the lane. Keep in the shade as much as you can. Come along, my hearty." And away the two worthies scampered down the hill-side. " Shall I follow," thought Luke, " and run the risk of falling into the keeper's hand, just at this crisis, too? No, but if I am found here, I shall be taken for one of the gang. Something must be done — ha ! — devil take them, here they are already." Further time was not allowed him for reflection. A hoarse baying was heard, followed by a loud cry from the keepers. The dog had scented out the game; and, as secrecy was no longer necessary, his muzzle had been removed. To rush forth now were certain betrayal} to remain was almost equally assured detection ; and, doubting whether he should obtain credence if he delivered himself over in that garb and armed, Luke at once rejected the idea. Just then it flashed across his recollection that his gun had remained unloaded, and he applied himself eagerly to repair this negligence, when he heard the dog in full cry, making swiftly in his direction. He threw himself upon the ground, where the fern was thickest; but this seemed insufficient to baffle the sagacity of the hound — the animal had got his scent, and was baying close at hand. The keepers were drawing nigh. Luke gave himself up for lost. Tho dog, however, stopped where the two poachers had halted, and was there completely at fault: snuffing the ground, he bayed, wheeled round, and then set off with renewed barking upon their track. Huidi Badger and his comrades loitered an instant at the same place, looked warily round, and then, as Luke con- jectured, followed the course taken by the hound. Swift as thought, Luke arose, and keeping as much as possible under cover of the trees, started in a cross lane for the line. Rapid as was his flight, it was not without a witness : one of the keeper's assistants, who had lagged behind, gave the view-halloo in a loud voice. Luke pressed forward with redoubled energy, endeavouring to gain the shelter of the plantation, and this he could readily have accomplished, had no impediment been in his way. But his rage and vexation were boundless, when he heard the keeper's cry echoed by shouts immediately below him, and the tongue of the hound resounding in the hollow. He turned sharply round, steer- ing a middle course, and still aiming at the fence. It was evi- dent, from the cheers of his pursuers, that he was in full view, and he heard them encouraging and directing the dog. Luke had gained the park palings, along which he rushed, in the vain quest of some practicable point of egress, for the fence was higher in this part of the park than elsewhere, owing to the in- equality of the ground. He had cast away his gun as useless. But even without that incumbrance, he dared not hazard the delay of climbing the palings. At this juncture a deep breathing was ROOKWOOD. 21 heard close behind him. He threw a glance over his shoulder. Within a few yards was a ferocious bloodhound, with whose savage nature Luke was well acquainted; the breed, some of which he had already seen, having been maintained at the hall ever since the days of grim old SirRanulph. The eye-s of the hound were glaring, blood-red ; his tongue was hanging out, and a row of keen white fangs were displayed, like the teeth of a shark. There was a growl — a leap — and the dog was close upon him. Luke's courage was undoubted. But his heart failed him as he heard the roar of the remorseless brute, and felt that he could not avoid an encounter with the animal. His resolution was instantly taken : he stopped short with such suddenness, that the dog, when in the act of springing, flew past him with great violence, and the time, momentary as it was, occupied by the animal in recovering himself, enabled Luke to drop on his knee, and to place one arm, like a buckler, before his face, while he held the other in readiness to grapple his adversary. Uttering a fierce yell, the hound re- turned to the charge, darting at Luke, who received the assault without flinching; and in spite of a severe laceration of the arm, he seized his foe by the throat, and hurling him upon the ground, jumped with all his force upon his belly. There was a yell of agony — the contest was ended, and Luke was at liberty to pursue his flight unmolested. Brief as had been the interval required for this combat, it had been sufficient to bring the pursuers within sight of the fugitive. Hugh Badger, who from the acclivity had witnessed the fate of his favourite, with a loud oath discharged the contents of his gun at the head of its destroyer. It was fortunate for Luke that at this instant he stumbled over the root of a tree — the shot rattled in the leaves as he fell, and the keeper, concluding that he had at least winged his bird, descended more leisurely towards him. As he lay upon the ground, Luke felt that he was wounded ; whether by the teeth of the dog, from a stray shot, or from bruises inflicted by the fall, he could not determine. But, smarting with pain, he resolved to wreak his vengeance upon the first person who approached him. He vowed not to be taken with life — to strangle any who should lay hands upon him. At that moment he felt a pressure at his breast. It was the dead hand of his mother ! Luke shuddered. The fire of revenge was quenched. He men- tally cancelled his rash oath ; yet he could not bring himself to sur- render at discretion, and without further effort. The keeper and his assistants were approaching the spot where he lay, and search- ing for his body. Hugh Badger was foremost, and within a yard of him. "Confound the rascal!" cried Hugh, "he's not half killed; he seems to breathe." The words were scarcely out of his mouth ere the speaker was 22 EOOKWOOD. dashed backwards, and lay sprawling upon the sod. Suddenly and unexpectedly, as an Indian chief might rush upon his foes, Luke arose, dashing himself with great violence against Hugh, who happened to stand in his way, and before the startled assistants, who were either too much taken by surprise, or unwilling to draw a trigger, could in any way lay hands upon him, exerting all the remarkable activity which he possessed, he caught hold of a pro- jecting, branch of a tree, and swung himself, at a single bound, fairly over the paling. Hugh Badger was shortly on his legs, swearing lustily at his defeat. Directing his men to skirt alongside the fence, and make for a particular part of the plantation which he named, and snatch- ing a loaded fowling-piece from one of them, he clambered over the pales, and guided by the crashing branches, and other sounds conveyed to his quick ear, he was speedily upon Luke's track. The plantation through which the chase now took place was not, as might be supposed, a continuation of the ring fence which Luke had originally crossed, on his entrance into the park, though girded by the same line of paling, but, in reality, a close pheasant preserve, occupying the banks of a ravine, which, after a deep and tortuous course, terminated in the declivity heretofore described as forming the park boundary. Luke plunged into the heart of this defile, fighting his way downwards, in the direction of the brook. His progress was impeded by a thick undergrowth of brier, and other matted vegetation, as well as by the entanglements thrown in his way by the taller bushes of thorn and hazel, the entwined and elastic branches of which, in their recoil, galled and fretted him, by inflicting smart blows on his face and hands. This was a hardship he usually little regarded. But, upon the present occasion, it had the effect, by irritating his temper, of increasing the thirst of vengeance raging in his bosom. Through the depths of the ravine welled the shallow stream be- fore alluded to, and Hugh Badger had no sooner reached its sedgy margin than he lost all trace of the fugitive. He looked cautiously round, listened intently, and inclined his ear to catch the faintest echo. All was still : not a branch shook, not a leaf rustled. Hugh looked aghast. He had made sure of getting a glimpse, and, perhaps, a stray shot at the " poaching rascal," as he termed him, " in the open space, which he was sure the fellow was aiming to reach ; and now, all at once, he had disappeared, like a will-o'-the- wisp or a boggart of the dough." However, he could not be far off, and Hugh endeavoured to obtain some clue to guide him in his quest. He was not long in detecting recent marks deeply in- dented in the mud on the opposite bank. Hugh leaped thither at once. Further on, some rushes were trodden down, and there were other indications of the course the fugitive had taken. "Hark forward!" shouted Hugh, in the joy of his heart at this discovery; and, like a well-trained dog, he followed up with ROOKWOOD. 23 alacrity the scent he had opened. The brook presented still fewer impediments to expedition than the thick copse, and the keeper pursued the wanderings of the petty current, occasionally splash- ing into the stream; Here and there, the print of a foot on the sod satisfied him he was in the right path. At length he became aware, from the crumbling soil, that the object of his pursuit had scaled the bank, and he forthwith moderated his pace. Halting, he perceived what he took to be a nice peeping at him from be- hind a knot of alders that overhung the steep and shelving bank immediately above him. His gun was instantly at his shoulder. u Come down, you infernal deer-stealing scoundrel," crid Hugh, u or I'll blow you to shivers." No answer was returned: expostulation was vain; and, fearful of placing himelf at a disadvantage if he attempted to scale the bank, Hugh fired without further parley. The sharp discharge rolled in echoes down the ravine, and a pheasant, scared by the sound, answered the challenge from a neishbourin