- . - , ■- , ■""' - • 4 - - ' -,__^_... .. . ..-— ^«.._«_-_^ — ^.--:» _^ .-..=— ..,...-,-. ... > ^->nal anaal Titaining ^ w » Wd3. C. R. iiatnmel ^ fid va need l^nife Work B. p. iJobnson . 4i Publishing Company l?iehtnond i- ADVANCED KNIFE WORK $ Cost of Material per Pupil ^ iMtAswrttdWoodTablefa... ~..30c. Sandpaper... - • is* Hair-fnch Biads (enough for 10 puplU) _Jc. 32c. No. 4. ADVANCED KNIFE WORK 1 Set Assorted Wood Tablets 45c Sandpaper i c Half-Inch Brads, (Enough for Ten Pupils) ..\^. ......... . ic Sloyd Knife, 2i inch Blade, (Used in Elementary Kniife Work)..!!. 50c 6-Inch Try-Square, (U.sed in Elementary Knife Work) 15c Brass-Tipped Ruler, (Used in all of the four courses) 5c Pair of Dividers, (Used in all of the four courses) I2c Total .$1.29 STATS KOIIMAL SCHOOL :,fW A : '. — '-. Educational Manual Training ADVANCED KNIFE WORK BY WM. C. A. HAMMEL Director of Manual Training and Physics in the North Carolina State Norma! and Industrial College Formerly Director of Manual Training and Physics in the Maryland State Normal School Director of Manual Training in the Bryn Mawr School Inspector of Manual Training Schools in the State of Maryland RICHMOND ' B. F. JOHNSON PUBLISHING COMPANY IMO. 4. '903 COPYKIGHT 1903 By WM. C. A. HAMMEL All rights reserved •-. •• • . c o « C8-2— H. P. v\ \^'^ INTRODUCTION This set of models for Adyanced Knife Worli is to follow the course in Elementary Knife Work, and is a preparation for the course in Wood Sloyd. The course i? adapted to the ability of the children in the sixth grade. In Elementary Knife Work the pupil had practice in constructing models from but one kind of wood, and had to deal with but two dimensions, length and breadth. The Advanced Knife Work course requires the use of various k-inds of wootls, and length, breadth, and thickness are considered. The tool equipment is the same as that used in Elementary Knife Work. The only cutting tool employed is the knife; for laying out the work, a tr}--square, a rule, a pencil, and dividers are used. In this course there are seventeen models, carefully graded in difficulty so as not to overtax the children's ability, and are so planned thaieach new exercise brings in some new principle of laying out, cutting, or putting together. Each model, while simple, is designid to l)e of use in some way in the schoolroom, at home, or in the child's play. Suggestions. — In the first lessons the teacher should demonstrate before the class the methodvto be pursued in constructing the object under consideration. Never try to help a pupil by doing his work for him. Hasty and careless work shonld be early detected and corrected. This is easily possible if the teacher requires that each step in the exercise be executed and submitted for inspection before other work is undertaken. Every pupil should be allowed to proceed with the work as fast as he is able to do good work. The student should always stand when cutting the wood. At the close of the 5-ear the models should be given to those who have made them. Slight wounds are liable to occur, and should Ixj managed in accordance with the methods of modem aseptic surgery, not only for the immediate benefit of the one injured, but for the educational value derived from ex-tending a knowledge of such methods. Al- ways keep on hand in a glass jar or bottle some sterilized gauze and adhesive plaster. W. C. A. H. [ 3 ] Description of the \A^oods Used in Advanced Knife Work Basswcxxl — American Linden — Lime Tree ( Tilia. Americana) The wood is light, soft, stiff, but not strong; of fine texture, and white to light brown in color; clear of knots, but does not split lasily; it is sold {lenerally under the name of basswood, but is sometinu'S confounded with tulip wood, or white wood. It is used in carpentry, in the manufacture of furniture and wooden ware, both turned and carved, in cooi>erage, and for toys. Density, or specific gravity, of Basswood, 0.4525 Weight of cubic foot of Basswood, 28.20 lbs. Black Cherry ('Prunus Serolina) The wood i;i firm, close-grained, of a light red color, darkening with age. It takc-s a fine polish, and, when perfectly seasoned, will not warp or shrink. It is chiefly used as a decorative furniture lumber for buildings, cai^, and boats; also for furniture and turnery. It is becoming too costly for many purposes for which it is naturally well suited. Density, or specific gravity, of Black Cherry, 0.5822 Weight of cubic foot of Black Cherry, 38.28 lbs. Red Cedar ijuniperus Virginiana) The Red Cedar is the most widely distributed conifer of the United States. The wood is of a l)right red color, fading with ex- posure to air; its sapwood is nearly white, fragrant, light, soft, and close-grained. It is largely used for post-s for interior fini;;h of homes, for chests and closets, in which woolens are preserved against attack <.f moths; for cabinet work and for lead pencils. Density, or specific gravity, of Red Cedar, 0.4826 Weight of 1 cubic foot of Red Cedar, 30.70 lbs. I 5 J Yellow Poplar or Tiilip Tree {Liriodendron Tulipifera) The wood is light yellow to brown in color ; its sapwood is creamy white, light, soft, and straight-grained. It is used for interior finish of houses, for panels of carriages, for pattern timber and wooden ware. On account of the scarcity of white pine, tulip wood is taking its place to some extent, particularly when very wide boards are re- ared. Densitj, or specific gravity, of Yellow Poplar, 0.4230 Weight of 1 cubic foot of Yellow Poplar, 26.36 lbs. Sweet Gum {Liqaidambar Siyraciflua) The wood is bright reddish brown in color; its sapwood is nearly white, ratlier heavy, soft, quite stifE and strong, tough, commonly L-ross-grained, of fine texture, and takes a beautiful polish. It is used in carpentry, in the manufacture of furniture, for cut veneer, for wooden plates, placques, etc. Density, or specific gravity, of Sweet Gum, 0.5910 Weight of 1 cubic foot of Sweet Gum, 36.83 lbs. "White Pine {Pinus Strobus) The White Pine is probably the most important timber tree of the United States. Its wood is light brown in color ; its sapwood is nearly white, light, soft, compact, straight-grained, easily worked, and takes a fine polish. It is used for lumber, shingles, cabinet work, interior of houses, masts and spars of vessels. Density, or specific gravity, of White Pine, 0.3854 Weight of cubic foot of White Pine, 24.02 lbs. [ 6 ] DIRECTIONS FOR KNIFE WORK r SIDES, EDGES AND ENDS Every board has two sides, two edges, and two ends. THE SLOYD KNIFE While in this course a number of tools arc used, the knife is naturally the most important; it is therefore very necessary to select for this work a suitable knife of the best quality. Though the work can bo done with a good stout penknife with two bladis, it is advisable that the regular Sloyd k-nife be used. This knife comes in two sizes — one having a 214-inch blade, the other, a 3-inch blade. The smaller knife is recommended for younger pupils ; the larger, for older ones. HOW TO HOLD THE KNIFE Hold the knife in the right hand and the wood in the left hand (see photograph). Be careful always to cut away from the body and to ki.'cp the left hand back of the blade of the k-nife. When cutting, keep the flat surface of the blade as close to the wood as possible to prevent cutting too deeply. WHien the surface of the wood to be cut is quite long, the piece of wood can be rested upon tlje board protecting the desk; tliis will steady the hand which holds the wood. [ - ] HOW TO CUT If you cut along the edge of a piece of wood you are cutting either iL-ith or against the grain. Whenever possible cut with the grain, because the knife does not then sink into the body of the wood and split it. In crosscutting, the wood is cut at right angles to the grain ; it is a little more difficult than cutting with the grain, as the fibres of the wood have to be cut through instead of being torn apart (see Iihotograph). It is best to rest the wood on the board protecting the desk when cross-cutting. Oblique-cutting is simply a variation of cutting with the grain and crosscutting; the knife is held in .the usual manner and the rutting is done diagonally across the grain. THE TRY-SQUARE The importance of having your work "square" can hardly Ije over- estimated. For this reason the try-square is one of the most useful tools in Knife Work. The names of the parts of the square are given above (see photograph). [ 8 ] USE OF THE TRY-SQUARE Soe that one side of the piece of wood to be used is perfectly smooth and flat; then hold the inner edge of the beam of the tr}- sijuarc against the side of the wood that is flat and smooth; the blade rests on the edge of the wood, and is moved along this edge from end to end. In moving the trj-square along the wood, see that the ln'am and the blade fit exactly on the side and edge tliroughout their length. Hold the wood and the square as in above photograph, being verj- careful in moving the blade of the square along the edge of the wood to keep the beam firm against the side of the wood. [ 9 ] THE OIL STONE The stone knowTi as Eed Washita is recommended for use in sharpening tlie knife. Use sperm oil or kerosene as a liil)ricator. Always wi{>e the stone clean after using. When an oilstone becomes unevenly worn, true it down by rubbing- it on a sheet of sandpaper fastened on a flat surface. In doing this, use water as a lubricator. It is much the best to sharpen the tools as soon as they begin to get dull, for then they will require but little rubbing. In rubbing the knife on the oilstone, give it a circular motion, rather than a back and forth motion; observe this particularlv in sharpening the point of the knife. The flat surface of the blade sliouhl be pressed more heavily near the edge of the stone. SANDt'APER Sandpaper is made of paper with a coating of finely-ground flint, glass, or quartz glued to it. The grains on the same paper are always of the same size. The finest quality of sandpaper is numbered "0," the coarsest, "rough 2." It is best to use sandpaper on a sandpaper block, — a piece of wood 3" long, 1" \ride and about %" thick. Place the sandpaper on the face, or plane surface, of the wood, and, if possible, glue a thin layer of cork or cardboard on th(i wood. The cork or cardboard acts as a cushion for the sandpaper. In order to give a smooth finish with sandpaper, work the saml- paper cither at right angles or obliquely to the grain of the wood. Sandpai>cr should be used only for cleaning the model ; never use sandpaper to fonn or smooth up the surface of a model. [ 10 ] Working In tlio advanood knifo work course the pupil is required to make workiufj; diagrams oi- drawings, since two or more \ iews of the object made are often necessary. Good work- ing drawings are self-explanatoiy ; they are usually drawTi to a scale. A working diagnuu to a scale is nothing more than a make-believe full-size drawing. "We notice in the above diagram tiiat, although eacli rectangle is drawni to a dif- ferent scale, the shape of the outline of each is tlie same. "\\nien a drawing is not full size, the scale must be written under it. Diagrams The pupil should W taught to read working drawings intelligently, and should lie re([uired to express in a corret-t working drawing his idea of a given model. He will then realize the im])ortance of accuracy in measuring dimen- sions, and will be led to exercise carefulness in making tlie model. When the object to l)e maile is not too large, i)upils should make woi-king diagrams natural size. The pupil must submit the uorkiiit/ diagram of the model to he made before he beffiiis to male the model. [ 11 ] MODEL No. 1 WHISK BROOM HOLDER Directions for Constructing Model No. i ^^^^^ A. 1. Prepare stocJi for Back,* making rectangle Af wide X 8" long. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 2. CpiDy working diagram. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 3. Cut out design. ^^^^^^^^^^^ 4. Clean with sandpaper. ^^^^^^^^ B. 1. Prepare stock for Front, making rectangle 4^" wide X 4" long. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B 2. Copy working diagram. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H 3. Cut out design. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^H 4. Clean with sandpaper. ^^^^^^H C. 1. Prepare stock for Sides— each piece to be a rectangle 1^" wide and 4" long. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^H 2. Clean with sandpaper. ^^^^^^^^^^^^^H D. Fasten parts together witli brads and glue, l)eing care- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H ful to start brads in Front and Back before glu- ■^I^H ing. ike each piece a separate exercise. 'M. k for Back: y thick x 4|" wide x 8J" long— Basswood, Wliite Pine or StocSweet Gum. Stock tor Front: jj" tliick x 4|" wide x 4^" long — Basswood, AMiite Pine or Sweet Gimi. Stock for Sides: 2 pieces, each j\" tliick x IJ" wide x 41" long — Basswood, Wliite Pine or Sweet fiuni. [ 12 ] MODEL No. 1 4?" FRONT WHISK BROOM HOLDER— Working Diagram 41" 4' M" r V .._.- >! SIDE SIDE Siale !"=■>" [ 13 ] r ViODEL No. 2 WEDGE Stock \" thick x \\" wide x W long— White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. 2 1. Make one edge sti-aight and smootli. (Cut with the 5. CopyonedgesFig.il. grain.) 6. Cut sides to oblique lines. o Cut one end square to tried edge. (Test with the try- 7. Copy on opposite sides Fig. I. square.) 8. Cut out design. o o. From finished end measure length 3", and square 9. Submit model for inspection. across with knife line. 10. Clean with sandpaper. 4. Cut end square to tried edge. r 14 1 MODEL No. 2 WEDGE— Working Diagram Fig. I I'iK. 11 I 1-J MODEL No. 3 PEN RACK Stock for Base: J'' thick x 2i" wide x 6J" long— Basswood, 'SMiite Pine or Sweet Gum. Stock for Supports: ^^" thick x 2j'' wide x i\" long— Basswood, A\niite Pine or Sweet Gum. Directions for Constructing Model Nc. 3 A. 1. Prepai-e stock for Base, making i-ectangle 2" wide x 6" long. 2. Draw working diagram upon wood. 3. Cut out design. 4. Clean with sandiiai)er. 2. On one side of piece of wood* place drawing of sup- ports—one at each end. 3. Cut out cui-v^es at each end. 4. Cut out design, making two supports. 5. Clean with sandpaper. P>. 1. Pi-epare stock for supports, making a rectangle 2" C. Fasten supports to base with brads and glue. Be care- ful to start brads in base before gluing. wide X 3]" Ions. *A longer piece of wood i.s iis«l (o enable tlie ]iii|)il to eiit out the oiiv\ more readilv. [ IG ] MODEL No. 3 PEN RACK— Working Diagram I ' IiS Side 0" ticali: l"=-.i [ 17 ] MODEL No. 4 GLOVE MENDER Stock I" thick x 1" wide x 1" long— 'White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. 4 1. On one of the 1" sides, wliich should be marked No. 1, draw a line ^" from the upper edge of the wood. 2. Cut this side down to line drawn, making it square to No. 1 ; mark this side No. 2. 3. On side No. 2 draw line yV' from side No. 1. Cut to this line, mailing the side square to No. 2; mark this side No. 3. 4. On side No. 3 draw line y\" from side No. 2. Cut to this line, making the side square to No. 3; mark tliis side No. 4. 5. Draw line ai'ound stick I" from the end. (Use iv\- square. ) 6. Cut off end of stick at this line, making end square to all faces. 7. Draw line around stick 6tV" from this end. Cut off stick at this line. 8. Square to all the side faces, making square prism tV^6 1 // 9. Draw lines around stick \" from one of the ends and ^" from other end. 10. Draw plan (omitting curves) upon the opposite sides of the wood. 11. Cut the other two opposite sides down to the lines of the drawing. 12. Draw jilan (omitting curves) upon these two sides ; cut down to these lines, maldng frustum of a square pyramid. 13. Quadrisect all edges of both ends ; join opixtsite points, except the middle points. 14. Cut all comers to lines, maliing frustum of octagonal pyramid. 15. Round all comers, making fmstum of a cone. 16. Draw lines around the stick ^" from the larger end and ■^" from the smaller end. 17. Round the ends according to the drawing. 18. Clean with coarse and then with fine sandpaper. [ 18 ] GLOVE MENDER— Working Diagram MODEL No. 4 I I I 'c- -iC .if.1 ? y i I VJ / MODEL No. 5 FLOWER STICK Stock J" thick x |" tviae x 14" long— White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. 5 1 . Cut stock to an oblong |" x 14". 2. Draw line around stick |" from one of tlie ends. (Use tiy-square. ) .3. From finished end measure length 13", square across with knife line. 4. Cut the end square to edges. .5. At ends, quadrisect sides and edges. 6. Connect opijosite points (except the middle ones) by straight lines. 7. Cut all comers to lines, making octagonal prism. 8. Bound all comers, maldng cylinder. 9. Draw lines around stick ^V" fi'om one end; 1" from the other end. 10. Cut ends according to drawing, 11. Clean with sandpaper. MODEL No. 5 FLOWER STICK— Working Diagram -->! L ^1 J / MODEL No. 6 PAPER KNIFE Stock. jY' thick x IJ" wide x 11.]" long- Cherry Directions for Constructing Model No. 6 1 . Cut one edge straight and smooth. ( Cut witli grain. ) 2. Cut one end square to tried edge. (Test with tiy- square.) 3. From finished end measure length 11", and square across with knife line. 4. Cut this end square to tried edge. 5. Measure width 1", and cut to line. 6. Cojjy working diagram on each side. 7. Cut out desig-n. 8. Form hlade with knife, working to a center on the edge (see lower drawing). 9. Clean with sandpaper. r 22 ] PAPER KNIFE— Working Diagram MODEL No. 6 '* 11' I r ,<--->: iVJC TS xy Y^ 'K -^» T-X- -;. M'^ iiZE Scale 1"=2''' I -i- ] MODEL No. 7 SEED STICK Stock J" thick x J" wide x 9" long -White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. 7 1. Cut stick to an oblong |" x 9". 2. Draw line around stick |" from one of the ends. (Use tiy-square.) 3. From finished end measure length 8|", and square across with knife line. 4. Cut the end square to edges and sides. 5. Draw lines around stick |" from one end, 3" from the other. 6. Draw plan upon two opposite sides of stick. 7. Cut notches. 8. Cut to oblique lines. 9. Bevel the four longer edges. 10. Bevel edges on oblique sides. 11. Bevel edges on ends. 12. Clean with sandpaper, ends first, oblique sides next, and then the remaining sides. [ 24 ] MODEL No. 7 SEED STICK— Working Diagram' ■ ^ 1^ \ i ;'/' IT' in iii H- -- >c 14. 8 5" H ^'" X-----f^ • J" 1 1 ll" I I I I I --ii ] MODEL No. 8 LETTER OPENER stock tV thick x If" wide x W' long— Cherry Directions for Constructing Model No. 8 1. Make one edge straight and smooth. 2. Cut one end square to tried edge. (Use try-square.) 3. From tinislied end measure length 9", and square across with knife line. 4. Cut end square to tried edge. 5. Measure width 1^", and cut to line. 6. Copy working diagi-am. 7. Cut out design and form blade of opener. 8. Submit model for insjiection. 9. Clean with sandpaper. r 20 ] LETTER ; t" ! ,«- — »i 1}"! 1 , MODEL No. 8 OPENER— ^Vo^king Diagram ■ i : 9" ''' 1 — i 3 A 1 V -n l- - - -- . • Scale 1"=2" t i:: J MODEL No. 9 FILE HANDLE Stock i^' thick x 1" wide x 5^' long— White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. g 1. Prepare stock as in previous models, making an oblong 2. Draw the diagonals on one end. 3. Hold stick in vertical position; bore hole i^'), using auger bit (see drawing) . 4. Draw jilan upon two opposite sides of stick, cun^es.) 5. Cut to lines. ti. Draw plan upon the remaining opposite sides, cui-ves.) (Omit (Omit 7. Cut to lines, thus making frustum of square pyramid. 8. Draw lines around stick f" from larger end. 9. Quadrisect the lines that are f " from larger end. 10. Quadrisect all edges of smaller end. 11. Joint opposite points and cut to lines, making frustum of octagonal pyramid. 12. Proceed with the rounding as in previous models. 13. Clean with sandpaper. [ 28 ] MODEL No. 9 FILE HANDLE— \Vorking Diagram [ 29 ] MODEL No. 10 CROCHET NEEDLE Stock I" thick X i" wide x 10" long— Cherry Directions for Constructing Model No. lo 1. Cut one edge straight and smooth. 2. Cut one end square to tried edge. (Test with try- square.) .3. From tliis finished end measure length 9", and square across with knife line. 4. Cut this end square to tried edge. 5. Measure width ^", and cut to line. G. At ends quadrisect by points all sides and edges. 7. Connect by straight lines all opposite points. 8. Cut all corners to lines making octagonal prism. 9. Round all comers making cylinder. 10. Draw lines around stick ^" from one end, and |" from the other end. 11. Cut ends according to drawing. 12. Clean model with sandpaper. r 30 ] CROCHET NEEDLE— Working Diagram MODEL No. 10 I ~n:^ h^." 7^ ■ I rL3. ,'5* I -a MODEL No. II WHISTLE Stock 1" thick x 1" wide x 5J^' long— White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. ii 1. Make one edge straight and smooth. 8. Cut piece of wood, cylindrical in form, \" in diameter Cut one end square to tried edge. and 1" long. (This piece of wood is to be used as 3. From finished end measure length 5", and square across a plug.) with knife line. 9. Cut a flat side on this plug fV" (see working dia- 4. Cut end square to tried edge. gram). 5. Measure width f", and cut to line. 10. Glue plug in the hole bored (see working diagram.) 6. Draw diagonals on one end, and mark center. 11. Cut the notch and the bevel, as indicated by the draw- 7. Bore the half -inch {^") hole about 4" deep (see working ing. diagram). 12. Clean model with sandpaper. [ 32 ] WHISTLE— Working Diagram MODEL No. 11 J"* ".y_ L ;j:; j 1. 3. 4. 0. f). 7. 8. !). MODEL No. 12 BEVELED RULER 1 and draw tiy-square tiy-square tiy-square try-square 1 light and and and and m^^^^i^njjj^^^^i stock J" thick X 11" wide X 12^" long— White Pine Directions for Constructing Model No. 12 Make one edge straight and smooth. edge, measure distance at each enc Cut one end square to tried edge. (Use try-square.) l^eneil lines.) From finished end measure length 12", and square 10. Mark lines for inch divisions. (Use across with knife line. knife.) Cut the end square to tried edge. 11. Mark lines for \" divisions. (Use Measure width 1", and cut to line. knife.) Copy drawing on each end, and mark lines on edge and 12. Mark lines for ]" di^dsions. (Use side showing part to be beveled. knife.) Bevel side as indicated by working diagram. 13. *Mark lines for -J" divisions. (Use •Clean with sandpai^er. Icnife.) Copy drawing on beveled side. (For lines parallel to H- JMark cut lines with sharj) ])oncil. *May Lie uiiiittcd unless student is very skillful. [ 34 ] MODEL No. 12 BEVELED RULER— Working Diagram III III i| 1 TTT 1 T w TT TTT l|l III IM l| 1 1 || I |i 1 IT TTT TTT 1 II ITT TTT TTT TTT in m vn H--V I 1 1 1 —I- 1 — i— 1 1 ' ' 1 T" *r- -T" -H^ -M-^ -4^ 1^ V A ; 1 I' :; 4 r. G r s 9 lo 11 1 p< 1 — "■ - - — - — ~ ' — ~ - "■ * " " • — """ "* ^ --1-2- - Scale 1"= 2" ~ ■".- - — - - — ■ — - - - - - > ■'(■i X ;>•■ ^■ I :i-' J MODEL No. 13 PEN HOLDER Stock f thick x f " -wide x 8 " long— Ciheny or Red Cedar Directions for Constructing Model No. 13 1. Prepai-e stock as in previous models, making an oblong outer end, where it should ))e slightly smaller to Vxfxsr. ' admit pen (see working diagram). 2. All sides being square, cut one end square. (Test with 8. Glue in peg. try-square.) 9. Find center of othei- end and draw I" circle. 3. From finished end measure length TV', and square 10. Copy drawing on two opposite sides. across with knife line. 11. Cut out desig-n. i. Cut this end s(iuare to edges. 12. Copy drawing on sides just cut. 5. Find center of one end and draw ]" circle. 13. Cut out design. (5. Bore hole Ij" deep, using ]" auger hit. 14. Whittle to shape. 7. Cut small peg, 1|" long, to tightly fit hole except at 15. Clean with sandpaper. [ 30 ] PEN HOLDER— Working Diagram MODEL No. 13 2J" o:iiE [ 37 ] MODEL No. 14 MAT Stock '," thick x 4i" wide x 41" long— TATiite Piue or Yellow Poplar 1. ]\Iake one edge straight and smooth. 2.' Cut one end square to tried edge. (Test with tiy- square.) .S. INIeasure length 4}" from finished end, and square across with knife line, ■i. Cut the end square to tried edge. Directions for Constructing Model No. 14 5. Measure -nidth 4|", and whittle to line. 6. Copy working diagram. 7. Cut out design. 8. Bevel ]" (see working diagram). 9. Clean with sandpaper. [ 38 ] MAT — Working Diagram MODEL No. 14 41" >^-, 'J' I 39 J MODEL No.15 FLOWERPOT STAND Stock I" thick x 11" wide x 6" long— White Pine, 2 pieces. Directions for Constructing Model No. 15 1 . Cut one edge straight and sniootli. '2. Cut one end square to tried edge. (Test with tiy square.) 6. Copy working diagram No. 1 on each side. 7. Prepare other piece of wood in same way and copy working diagram No. 2 on eacli side. 3. From finished end measure length 54", and square 8. Cut out designs. (In making notches first cut out V across with knife line. 4. Cut this end square to ti"ied edge. 5. Measui'e width 1", and cut to line. as in previous models.) 9. Clean eaeh piece with sandpaper. 10. Fit the pieces together. [ 40 ] FLOWERPOT STAND— Working Diagram No. 1 ^ 1". f u J// 1 1 i"\ <- _ J 1 1 1 -L. _ _ _ --->! :i" No. 2 I"; n. Scale 1"=2'' • a// . . y. . . MODEL No. 15 lU: t .11 J MODEL No. 16 KEY RACK Stock jV thick x 3" wide x 8}" long — Cherry or Basswood Directions for Constructing Model No. i6 1. Cut one edge sti-aiglit and smooth. (Cut with the 5. Measure width 2f", and cut to line. gi'ain.) :!. Cut one end square to tried edge. (Test with try- 6. Copy working diagram. 7. Cut out design. square.) :i From finished end measure length 8", and square across 8. Submit model for ins}iection. with knife line. 9. Clean with sand]iaper. 4. Cut this end square to tried edge. 10. Place hooks in position (see working diagi-am.) [ 42 ] MODEL No. 16 KEY RACK— Working Diagram Scale l"=-y' L 4a J MODEL No. 17 CORNER BRACKET Stock for Top : -^^" thick x GJ" wide x CJ" long — Basswood or S\veet Gum. Stock for Braces : two pieces each j'j" thick x 6i" wide x 8" long — Ba.sswood or Sweet Gum . Directions foi Constructing Model No. 17 A. 1. making rectangle 6"x6" B. Prepare stock for Top, (Test all corners.) Copy working diagram Cut out design. Clean with sandpaper. Prepare stock for Braces, maldng each piece a rect- angle 6" wde X S" long. (Test all corners.) 2. Co^j drawing on each piece, being careful to make one brace 6" wide, the other 5y|" wide. 3. Cut out design on each piece. 4. Clean with sandpaper. 1. Locate and start brads in the brace 6" wide, and fasten with glue to the other brace. 2. Locate and start brads in top and fasten with glue to the braces. [ 44 ] ■ MODEL No. 17 CORNER BRACKET— Working Diagram Scale 1"=2'' [ 45 ] 0J41VEKSrrY of CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES LIBRARY