'■/f^-
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 CATALOGUE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 SILVER PLATE 
 
 (GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN) 
 
 IN THE 
 
 BRITISH MUSEU! 
 
 H. B. ■WALTERS, M.A., F.S.A, O.B.E., 
 
 DErl'TY-KEEI'ER (IE IHE liEPAK IMENT OF GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES. 
 
 LONDON : 
 PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 
 
 .Sold al the British Museum ; and by Messrs. Longmans & Co., 39, Paternoster Row, E.G. 4 ; 
 
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 and Mr. Humphrey Mii.ford, Oxford University Press, Amen Corner, E.C. 4. 
 
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 An 
 Library 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 The present Catalogue of Silver Plate deals with a section of the collections of 
 the British Museum not hitherto illustrated or described in detail. Its exact 
 scope is defined by Mr. Walters at the beginning of the Introduction. 
 
 The Catalogue is the work of Mr. H. B. Walters, Deputy-Keeper of Greek 
 and Roman Antiquities. The proofs have been read by Mr. E. J. Forsdyke, and 
 Mr. F. N. Pryce, and by myself Mr. Reginald Smith, of the Department of 
 British and Mediaeval Antiquities, has given assistance in the cataloguing of the 
 silver objects found in this' country. 
 
 A. H. SMITH. 
 July I, 1921. 
 
 a 2 
 
 G98944
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 V 
 
 Preface .... 
 
 Table of Contents . 
 
 List of Plates 
 
 Introduction : — 
 
 Silver-working in Antiquity : Technical Processes 
 
 Historical Development of the Art 
 
 Scale for converting Millimetres into English Inches 
 
 Page 
 
 iii 
 
 V 
 
 vii 
 
 X 
 
 xiii 
 xxiv 
 
 CATALOGUE. 
 
 Orientalising Period (i) . 
 Greek Silver-Work (2-18) . 
 Etruscan Silver-Work (19-25) 
 Roman Silver-Work (26-241) 
 
 1. Statuettes (26-61) . 
 
 2. Reliefs (62-71) 
 
 3. Vases (72-93) . 
 
 4. Miscellaneous Objects (94-118) 
 
 5. Silver Treasures (119-223) 
 
 6. Votive Objects (224-241) . 
 Index 
 
 I 
 I 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 14 
 16 
 26 
 31 
 55 
 65
 
 LIST OF PLATES. 
 
 Plate I. Archaic Reliefs from Perugia (2-4) 
 
 ,, II, Bowls of 3rd cent. B.C. from Eze (8-9) 
 
 „ III. Greek Silver Vases ( 10-15) 
 
 IV. Silver objects from the tomb of Seianti Haiumia (21-25) 
 
 „ V. Roman Statuettes (29, ^2, 34, 49) 
 
 VI. Roman Statuettes (27, 28, 30, 32, 35, 55) 
 
 „ VII. Roman Silver- Work (7, 26, 43, 64) 
 
 „ VIII. Embossed Patera and Mirror-case {yy, 70) 
 
 „ IX. Trulla : Mars and Rea Silvia {y^i} 
 
 „ X. -Situla of Augustan Period : The Seasons (74) 
 
 „ XI. Bowl and Situla : Augustan Period (82, 74) 
 
 ,, XII. Roman Silver Vases (72, y6) 
 
 XIII. „ (78-80, 133) 
 
 XIV. Dish from Mileham, Norfolk (87) 
 
 „ XV. Lamp from Switzerland: mirror from Bulgaria (115, 106) 
 
 „ XVI. Brusa Treasure (i 19-122, 124) 
 
 „ XVII. Arcisate Treasure (126-129) 
 
 „ XVIII. Chatuzange Treasure : Bowl (132) 
 
 „ XIX. Chatuzange Treasure : TruUae (135,136) 
 
 „ XX. -Caubiac Treasure : Patera (137) 
 
 XXI. 
 
 „ XXII. Caubiac Treasure (138-140) 
 
 „ XXIII. Chaource Treasure (144-146) 
 
 XXIV. „ (147, 172) 
 
 XXV. „ (148, 170) 
 
 XXVI. „ (171) 
 
 XXVII. „ (150, 16S) 
 
 „ XXVIII. „ (154, 155) 
 
 XXIX. „ (151, 159. 160, 169) 
 
 XXX. „ (153, 164, 173^176'
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 This Catalogue comprises the principal objects in silver of the classical period contained 
 in the Departments of Greek and Roman, and British and Mediaeval, Antiquities. The 
 smaller objects which come under the heading of jewellery or personal ornaments have 
 already been described in the Catalogue of Finger-Rings (1907) and Catalogue of Jewellery 
 (1911), and are therefore omitted from the present work. It consequently includes : 
 (i) Works of art in silver, such as statuettes and reliefs. (2) Silver implements and utensils, 
 such as we should now-a-days regard as coming under the heading of " silver plate." 
 These include several " treasures " or table-services of silver found chiefly on Gaulish sites 
 in France, or in Britain, of which the most noteworthy is the Chaource treasure (Nos. 
 144-182) comprising no less than thirty-nine pieces. (3) Votive objects, such as the 
 tablets dedicated to Jupiter Dolichenus (Nos. 224-226). The great majority of these silver 
 objects belong to the Roman period. Silver was not largely worked in the earlier periods of 
 Greek art, and it was not until the Hellenistic Age that craftsmen in this metal came into 
 any prominence. But in the succeeding Graeco-Roman period, with the great increase 
 of luxury, metal rapidly supplanted earthenware for use at table and in other conditions 
 of daily life, at least among the well-to-do. 
 
 Some account of the circumstances under which the " treasures " were found is prefixed 
 to the descriptions in the Catalogue, vis., of the Macon treasure (p. 8) ; the Caubiac 
 treasure (p. 25) ; the Chaource treasure (p. 38) ; the Backworth, Capheaton, and 
 Coleraine treasures (pp. 46, 48, 52). The Macon, Caubiac, and Capheaton treasures 
 were acquired by the Museum from the Payne Knight bequest in 1824 ; the others by 
 purchase. The silver objects found in the United Kingdom are all in the Department 
 of British and Mediaeval Antiquities, as are also several " treasures " which are not included 
 in this Catalogue, being of the Christian Era, and comprising objects of a definitely Christian 
 character. Of these the most famous is the Esquiline treasure found at Rome in 1793, 
 which includes a casket with domed cover, embossed with figures of the Muses, an oblong 
 casket with bridal scenes and mythological figures, known as the Casket of Projecta, a 
 flask with embossed designs, and several dishes and spoons ; in all, fifty-seven objects. 
 Although this treasure dates from about the end of the fourth century, the classical 
 influence is still strongly shown. Another treasure was found at Carthage, and consists 
 of bowls, dishes, and spoons, and a third was acquired in 1899 from a monastery near 
 Kerynia on the north coast of Cyprus, the objects belonging to the sixth century. These 
 treasures are all fully described by Mr. O. M. Dalton in his Catalogue of Early Christian 
 Antiquities in the British Museum (1901).
 
 X CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 SILVER-WORKING IN ANTIQUITY. 
 
 I.— TECHNICAL PROCESSES. 
 
 The rarity of silver-work in early times, as compared with gold-work, is due to natural 
 causes. Gold was found almost everj'where, but silver could only be mined from mountains 
 (cf. Pliny, Hist. Nat. xxxiii. 95), and obtained with great difficulty. In Egj'pt it was 
 for a long period hardly in use, and it ranked even more highly than gold. The Phoenicians 
 however, made it more generalh' known all over the East, and thus silver came to be 
 " nothing accounted of in the days of Solomon " (2 Chron. ix. 20). Similarly they 
 extended its use in Greece before the silver mines of Laurion were discovered. In Italy 
 it was always rare until Asiatic luxury made its influence felt and the Spanish mines began 
 to furnish copious supplies. The Greeks of the Classical period obtained their silver chiefly 
 from Northern India, Colchis, Lydia, and Mount Pangaeus in Thrace, and above all, 
 down to the end of the fifth century, from Laurion.' In the Western Mediterranean, 
 Spain supplied first Carthage, then Rome, and another source was Sardinia. 
 
 Silver mineswereknownas dpyvpela ordpyvpeia fjieTaWa (argentariae,metalla argentaria). 
 The mines started by Hannibal in Spain were still working in Pliny's day, and remains 
 of them exist now, as also do remains of the mines at Laurion. The ore when extracted 
 was washed and sifted in order to separate it from the lead, the process being repeated 
 five times ; it was then smelted in order to get rid of all the lead, so that the silver came out 
 pure. The silver was then tested on red-hot shovels {cf. Pliny's account below). Remains 
 of smelting-ovens have been found in the Pyrenees. 
 
 Pliny deals at some length with the characteristics of this metal, and its use for various 
 purposes. He tells us that it is only found in pits, and is not easily distinguished as gold 
 is by its sparkling particles. It can only be extracted when it is combined with lead ore, 
 which is usually associated with the veins of silver. The application of fire causes the silver 
 to float on the surface of the lead like oil on M-ater. Silver is found in all parts, but the 
 finest comes from Spain, in spite of the barren and mountainous character of that country, 
 and here the presence of one vein is a sure sign of another,^ but usually the appearance of 
 alum in the soil betokens the cessation of the veins of silver. The uppermost vein is always 
 known as " raw silver " (crudaria).^ Pliny goes on to mention the methods of testing the 
 quality of the ore by placing it over burning wood on an iron shovel. The best silver 
 then remains white, the next best quality becomes red, and the inferior turns black. He 
 also mentions the familiar test of breathing on a polished surface.* 
 
 ' These mines were closed in 413 B.C., and reopened in 340 B.C., but with little success. 
 
 ' He derives the Greek word fifToWnv, a mine, from this circumstance ((utrA &\hov, " one after 
 another " ; but compare rather the Homeric nfraWav, to search). 
 
 ' Hist. Nat. xxxiii. 95, sqq. The full text is as follows: Non nisi in puteis repcritur, nullaque spe sui 
 nascitur, nuUis ut in auro luccntibus scintillis. Terra est alias rubra, alias cineracea. Excoqui non potest, 
 nisi cum plumbo niRroaut cum venaplumbi ; galenam (" lead ore ") vocant, quae iuxta argenti vcnaspler- 
 umquc repcritur. Et eodcm opere ignium disccdit pars in plumbum, argcntum autcm innatat supcrneut 
 oleum aquis. Repcritur in omnibus pacnc provinciis. .sed in Hispania pulccrrimum, id quoque in stcril 
 solo atque etiam montibus, et ubicumquc una invcnta vena est, non procul invenitur alia. . . . Argenti 
 vena in summo reperta crudaria appcllatur. Knis antiquis fodicndi solcbat esse alumen invcntum, 
 ultra nihil quafrcbatur. Nupcr invcnta aeris vena infra alumen nullam fmem spci fecit. 
 
 ' Jbid. § 127 : Argenti duae differentiae. Vatillis fcrreis candentibus ramento imposito quod candidum 
 pcrmancat probatur. Proxima bonitas rufo, nulla nigro . . . est aliquod experimcntum politi et in 
 halitu hominis, si sudet protinus nubemque disculiat.
 
 INTRODUCTION. XI 
 
 Silver, like gold and copper, lends itself to being worked either with a hammer or by 
 being beaten into thin plates for the production of decoration in relief or hollowed out. 
 These processes were largely applied to silver vessels for purposes of luxury or ornament, 
 gold being used more for ornaments and jewellery, bronze for implements of all kinds. 
 They include repousse work, stamping, chasing, or engraving, the metal being either 
 worked in a single piece or in separate pieces united by soldering. The Greeks used for 
 these processes the general term TopevriKi], which, however, literally signifies drilling 
 rather than chasing (from ropeveiv, lit., to bore). The corresponding Latin term is 
 caelatura, derived from caelum, a chisel [caed-lum from caedere, " cut ") ; this also was 
 used generally to include the various processes. There were, however, two specific 
 Greek words in use for special processes. The method practised in early times of using 
 beaten metal plates riveted together was known as a^vpy^Karov ; but this is more usually 
 found in bronze work. Repousse work, or a design beaten out {excudere) with a hammer, 
 was termed efnraicTTiKyj ; this seems to have been employed at all periods. The design 
 might be either beaten from the outside on a model, or from the inside, but the latter 
 method was more usually employed. It was rather a mechanical than an artistic process, 
 as the design was previously marked oixt by a sketch. It was usually only applied to parts 
 of vases, but sometimes whole vases were formed by beating up one malleable plate of 
 metal. 
 
 The general outlines having been wrought out with the hammer, the details were 
 executed with finer tools. The ancients brought this method to an extraordinary pitch 
 of perfection (compare the thinness and high relief of the Siris bronzes). It was employed 
 not only for silver vessels, but generally for relief work, e.g., for the decoration of furniture. 
 The reliefs from Perugia (Nos. 2-4) are an early instance of its use in the case of finer 
 examples, but for such purposes bronze was more commonly employed. 
 
 Silver was also used for sculpture in the round in the form of statuettes, of which 
 Nos. 26-56 in this Catalogue are examples, the process employed being the same as for 
 bronze.^ But except in the case of statuettes, sculptured work in silver is comparatively 
 rare. In the form of sigilla, or figures in the round attached to vases (see below) the chief 
 examples are two bowls from Boscoreale,' of the type known as paterae clipeatae, from their 
 resemblance to a circular shield (clipeus) with its central boss, and a vase at Munich 
 representing Trojan captives.^ I f^ 
 
 In regard to vessels of silver, a distinction must be made between metal vessels all in 
 one piece with the decoration, and those in which the reliefs {avd'yXv<pa, anaglypta) 
 were made separately and applied. In the first case they were either cast or hammered 
 from a plate, the casting being done from a wax model or mould, as in the case of statuettes. 
 Circular surfaces such as the backs of mirror-cases or the feet of vessels were often finished 
 off on a lathe [tornus).*' In small objects imperfections in the casting process were made 
 good by chasing with a tool called a caelum {ropci), of which numerous varieties were 
 in use, differing in form according to the purpose for which they were employed. The 
 
 ' See Cat. of Bronzes, p. xxxi. ff. 
 
 = Monutn. Piot, v. pis. i, 2. 
 
 = Antiquarium No. 647*. 
 
 ' See Pernice in Oesterr. Jahreshefte, viii. {1905), p. 53.
 
 Xll CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE 
 
 method of using the caelum is clearh^ shown in a painting from Pompeii representing a 
 man chasing a helmet.' 
 
 When the reUef was beaten out of a plate (the term for which is eK/cpoveiv, excudere), 
 the ri;/>o!»ss/ process was employed, with the use of a hammer or punch, or else the work 
 was done on a mould, and the details finished off by chasing. Most of the existing silver 
 vessels belong to the latter category, the decorations being known as emhlemata or crustae. 
 Reliefs are also called emblemata or sigilla where they are carved like sculpture (iyKoXuTrreiv, 
 exsculpere) and made separately and fixed on to the vessels, as in the case of the paterae 
 clipeatae found at Boscoreale (see above) ; of such sigilla the head of a Roman lady in this 
 collection (No. 26) is a fine example. Cicero speaks of a bowl with admirable figures attached 
 which Verres tore awa}', lea\ang the plain vessel.^ 
 
 These emblemata were let in [ifi^uWetv, inserere, infigere) to the vase, whereas crustae 
 were thin beaten plates applied [illigare) to the surface hy soldering. This appliquf process 
 is, however, more usual in the case of gold ornaments {auro illuminare). The distinction 
 between emhlemata and crustae should be carefully observed, though the words were 
 frequently used as equivalents (but cf. Cic. In Verr. iv., 23, 52 " crustae a«/ emblemata ").^ 
 
 Among other processes employed in connexion with silver-work maj' be mentioned — 
 (i) the use of gilding in order to get effects of contrast. Objects thus ornamented are 
 mentioned in the inventories of the Acropolis temples at Athens (■)(pvcrd kuI inrdpyvpa, 
 etc.).* This was also a favourite practice with the Romans, and MartiaP speaks of vessels 
 called chrysendeta. (2) The use of niello (derived from late Lat. opus nigellnm), a kind of 
 enamelling by means of a compound of silver, copper, and sulphur, with which inlaid 
 patterns are produced in a black colour, or else the background is covered with black, 
 the design being left in the plain metal {of. Nos. 90, 91)." The mixture was produced by 
 smelting, the sulphur giving it the black colour, and the design was coated with it, being 
 fixed by the action of heat ; after it was cooled, the black was removed from the surface 
 where it was not required. The process is not often found except in metal-work of the 
 Roman period ; there are two good examples in this collection in the two ink-pots 
 referred to above, where the background is in niello and the design in silver plating.. 
 (3) Leaf-silver {brattea argentea] was also employed to silver over other substances, and 
 there was, for instance, a class of fictile vases made in Campania about the second century 
 B.C., which bear traces of having been gilded or silvered over.' Athenacus (xi. 480 E) 
 speaks of vases made in Naukratis in the shape of shallow bowls with four car-handles 
 which were dipped to give them the appearance of silver {^ivn-rovrai ek to lioKcip elvai 
 (ipyvpai.) (4) Stamping from a die. This is a process which is confined to the 
 
 ' Ilolbig, W ar.dgemiilde Campaniens, p. 290, No. 1318 c; Bluemner, np. cit. iv., p. 264 ; Darembcrg 
 and Sacjlio, s.v. Caclatura, p. 791, fiR. 942. 
 
 • In Vetrem, iv. 22 , 48: " patcllam in qua signa erant egregia. Iste . . . sigillis avulsis, rcliquum 
 argentum reddidit." 
 
 ' Darembcrg and Saglio, ibid., p. 801. Tiberius objected to the use of the Greek form f^/SATj/uo (Suet. 
 Tib. 71). 
 
 ' Bril. Mus. Jnscr., 29; Boeckh, C.I.Gr., 151. 
 ' ii., 43, 1 1 : 53, 5 : vi. 94, I ; xiv. 97. 
 
 * See Bluemner, Technulogie, iv. p. 267. 
 
 ' Sec Ann. dell' Insl., 1871, p. 5 fT. ; and Cat. of Vases, iv. p. 25. Compare also the vases of the potter 
 Libertus (l)cchclctte, Vases Ornrs de la Gaule liomaine, i. p. 229).
 
 INTRODUCTION. xiii 
 
 making of silver coins, being an obviously convenient process where multiplied repro- 
 ductions of a single type were required. 
 
 The usual Greek term for a silversmith is ap'yvpoK6iTo<;, which, however, implies 
 working only in one method, viz. i^i-naiaTiKi). The Romans used jaher argeniarius 
 generally, and argeniarius vascularius for a maker of vases. Sellers were called negotiatores 
 argeniarii vasctdarii. Wares were sometimes named after their makers, as vasa Furiatia, 
 Clodiana, or Gratiana} 
 
 On technical processes in silver see generally Bluemner, Technologie, iv., p. 302, ff. ; Daremberg 
 and Saglio, Diet, des Antiqs., s.v. Caelatura ; Marquardt, Rom. Alterturner, vii., p. 652 flf. ; Babelon, 
 Tresor d' Argenterie de Berthouville, p. 65. 
 
 2.— HISTORIC.A.L DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART. 
 
 As has already been indicated, the working of silver goes back to a remote period, 
 although for a long time its use was rare as compared with gold. Of the earliest existing 
 work in silver, the Mycenaean period yields a good example in the portion of a vase 
 found at Mycenae, representing a siege. ^ Silver was also used for inlaid decoration, as 
 in the dagger-blades from the same site. Mention may also be made here of the elegant 
 silver cup, of the type of the Vaphio cups, in the Museum collection.^ We learn from 
 the Odyssey (xix. 55 ; xxiii. 200) that the chair of Penelope was ornamented with silver, 
 and that Odysseus employed it, together with other metals, to adorn his nuptial bed. 
 The (T^vpt'fKaTov process was doubtless employed for these works. 
 
 The style of other works of art described in Homer is perhaps reflected in a series of 
 objects, some of which are of earlier, others of contemporary or later, date, vis., the 
 " Phoenician " bowls of silver, which have been found in Cyprus (at Amathus, Citium, 
 and Curium) and in Italy (at Caere and Praeneste). The earlier examples are genuinely 
 Egyptian in style, and often naturalistic ; they belong to the XVIII-XIXth Dynasties 
 (about 1400-1200 B.C.). The style then becomes more and more conventional, with 
 mixed Egyptian and Assyrian motives, and these later bowls are probably the work of 
 local schools in Cyprus and elsewhere.* They extend down to about the middle of the 
 seventh century B.C. 
 
 Some of these bowls have subjects which obviously recall the Homeric description 
 of the shield of Achilles.^ The example in the Museum collection (No. 1) has engraved 
 decoration of an imitation Egyptian type, and may therefore be assigned to the 
 later group (beginning of first millennium B.C.). These later examples belong to the 
 same period of development as the Castellani cista from Praeneste in the Conservator! 
 Palace at Rome,' which is also strongly OrientaHsing in its decoration. Of much more 
 advanced style are the archaic reliefs from Perugia, of which the Museum possesses three 
 examples (Nos. 2-4) ; they are of more developed Ionic style, with little trace of 
 
 ' Pliny, Hist. Nat., xxxiii. 139. 
 ' 'E(j>ijfx. 'Apx-, i8gi, pi. 2 ; J. H. S., xxxi. p. 121. 
 ^ Cat. of Jewellery, No. 821, pi. 73. 
 
 * See Myres' Handbook to Cesnola Coll., New York, p. 457. 
 
 ' C^. Murray, Hist. of. Gk. Sculpt. ,i. p. 42 ff. See also von iSissing in Jahrb. d. arch. Inst., xiii. {1809; 
 p. 28 fi. 
 
 " Mon. dell' Inst., viii. pi. 26.
 
 xiv CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 Orientalism, dating from the sixth century B.C. Thej^ maj- be compared with the frieze 
 of the temple at Assos, and also have a close relation with the Clazomenae sarcophagi, 
 and with the contemporary vase-fabrics from Daphnae, Clazomenae, and elsewhere.^ 
 
 During the best period of Greek art, from the sixth century down to the end of the 
 fourth, we hear little of working in silver, although the sculptor Calamis was apparently 
 a chaser also (c/. the passage from Plinj' referred to below), and we have very few actual 
 remains which can be assigned to that period. But the frequent mention of silver 
 vessels, etc., in the Parthenon Inventories {Brit. Mus. Inscr. Nos. 25-33) shows that 
 silversmiths were active at Athens in the fifth century. In the Museimi collection the 
 only objects are two plain undecorated cups found at Curium, Cyprus (Nos. 12, 13), one 
 of which came from a tomb of about 470 B.C., the other from a tomb of about one 
 hundred j^ears later. The finest example of Greek silver-work in existence is the vase 
 found at Xicopolis in Southern Russia'-, which is engraved with figures of Scythians 
 and covered all over with decoration. 
 
 It is probable that the first silver-workers whose names are on record belong to the 
 period of this last-named vase, the latter half of the fourth century, although Pliny, who 
 is almost our only authority, gives very little chronological information. He begins his 
 account by expressing surprise that there are no names of famous goldsmiths, though 
 silversmiths are numerous. The highest reputation was enjoyed by Mentor, who made 
 four pairs of vases, subsequently lost in the burning of the temple of Artemis at Ephesus 
 or of the Capitol. Next came Acragas, Boethos, and Mys, works by all of whom still 
 survived in Rliodcs : an Athena by Boethos at Lindos, and cups with Centaurs and 
 Bacchanals by Acragas and Mys in Rhodes itself. A cup by Acragas with hunting- 
 scenes also enjoyed great fame. He then mentions Calamis, whose name has already 
 been noted, and Antipatcr, who made a cup with a lifelike sleeping Satyr. These are 
 followed by a long series of names, most of whom are nothing more, but Pasiteles is 
 also known as a sculptor of the Augustan age, and Zopyrus is recorded to have made 
 a famous vase with the trial of Orestes. It is possible that the well-known Corsini vase 
 at Rome ^ is a copy of this work. Pythcas made a cup with Ulj'sses and Diomcdes 
 carrying off the Palladium, and small drinking cups called " cooks in miniature," so 
 delicate that casts could not be taken from them. The last name is that of Teucer, 
 after whom the art relapsed into complete decadence, and sih-cr was only valued for its 
 antiquity.* 
 
 Pliny's list is arranged rather in order of reputation than chronologically, but we may 
 gather that most of the artists named by him lived in the fourth and third centuries B.C., 
 
 ' C/. for example tlie vase from Kyme now in the Museum (Rm%. Mitleil, iii. pi. 6). Sec on the subject 
 generally Petersen in op. cil., ix. (1894), p. 253 If. 
 
 ' Minns, Scythians and Greeks, p. 160, fig. 47. 
 
 ' lii'in. Mitleil. xx. (1905), pis. 9, 10, p. 290. 
 
 ' The foUowinR is the text of Pliny's account [Hist. Nat. .xxxiii. 15.) ff., translated by Jc.x-Blakc and 
 Sellers, Plinv on the History of A rt, p. 3 ff.): — Mirum auro caelando ncniinem inclaruisse, argento multos. 
 Maxime tamen laudatus est Mentor, de quo supra diximus. Quattucir paria ab eo omnino facta sunt, 
 ac iam nullum extare dicilur Kphesiae Dianac tt'iiijili aut Capitolii incendiis. Varrose ct aercuni signuni 
 eius habuissc scribit. Proximi ab eo in admirationc Acragas ct lioclhus ct Mys fucrc. Exstanl omnium 
 opera hodie in insula Khodiorum, Boethi apud Lindiam Minervam, Acragantis in tcmplo Libcri patris in 
 ijjso Khodo Centauros Bacchasque caelali scyphi,Myos in cadcm aede Silenos ct Cupidincs. Acragantis 
 ct vcnatio in scyphis magnam famam habuit. Post hos celcbratusest Calamis. Et Anlipater quoque
 
 INTRODUCTION. xv 
 
 the period when Asia Minor, with which district most of them are associated, was the 
 great artistic centre of the Greek world.- In one case indeed, that of Calamis, who is 
 presumably identical with the Athenian sculptor, we have a name going back a hundred 
 years earlier. Elsewhere (xxxiv. 47) Pliny mentions one Zenodorus, who copied two 
 cups by Calamis so that no one could distinguish them from the originals {duo pocula 
 Calamidis nianu caelata aemulatus est, ut vix nlla differentia esset artis). Zenodorus lived 
 about the beginning of our era,' and the cups alluded to were in the possession of 
 Germanicus Caesar, by whom they were highly prized (adamata). Of Mentor's date we 
 have evidence in the reference to the burning of the temple at Ephesus, which indicates 
 that his work was earlier than 356 B.C. The statement that nothing of his had been 
 preserved is at variance with that in xxxiii. 147, that L. Crissus, the orator, had two 
 cups chased by Mentor {dtios scyphos Mentoris artificis manu caelatos). Cicero also 
 mentions " Thericlean " cups, Mentoris manu summo artificio facta} Acragas is only 
 known from Pliny. Boethos was also known as a sculptor, and his date is, according to 
 the most recent evidence, about 170-160 B.C. [see No. 7). Mys, according to Pausanias 
 (i. 28, 2), was a contemporary of Parrhasios. The other artists named probably flourished 
 in the Hellenistic period or later. It is curious that Pliny only mentions argentarii, not 
 aurifices ; but he states that no famous goldsmiths are recorded [aitro caelando nemo 
 inclaritit). This is the more remarkable, as the remains of gold-work of this period far 
 surpass those in silver, of which indeed there is little beyond what has been found in 
 Southern Russia. 
 
 In the Museum collection there are not many examples of genuine Greek work, except 
 a few plain vases, which are noteworthy for their graceful forms (Nos. 11-17). Of 
 statuettes we have only a small Sarapis from Paramythia (No. 6), which was found with 
 the bronzes from that site,^ and must therefore be dated about 300 B.C., and the interesting 
 group of the Boy and Goose (No. 7), which, from the evidence of the coins found with it, 
 dates from about 250 B.C. There are also the three paterae with reliefs from Eze in 
 Southern France (Nos. 8-10), dating from the third century B.C., a sort of prototype of 
 the silver-work of the Roman period. From the evidence of the existing copies in terra- 
 cotta they probably originated in Campania.* 
 
 Etruscan silver-work again is very rare, especially when compared with the gold-work 
 found in such profusion in Etruria, and is only represented here by the silver-plated bronze 
 
 Satyrum in phiala gravatum somno collocavisse verius quam caelasse dictus est. Stratonicus mox " 
 Cyzicenus.jTauriscus, item Ariston et Eunicus Mytilenaei laudantur. et Hecataeus, et circa Pompeii Mag- 
 ni aetatem Pasiteles, Poseidonius Ephesius, Hedystrachides quiproelia armatosque caela\'it, Zopyrus qui 
 Areopagitas et iudicium Orestis in duobus scyphis HS xii (t ,200,000 sesterces) aestimatis. Fuit et Pytheas 
 cuius duae unciae ^X (10,000 denarii) venierunt. Ulixes et Diomedes erant in phialae emblemati 
 Palladium subripientes. Fecit idem et cocos magiriscia appellatos parvolis potoriis, e quibus ne exem- 
 plaria quidem liceret exprimere, tam opportuna iniuriae subtilitas erat. Habuit et Teucer crustarius 
 famam.subitoque ars haec ita exolevit ut sola iam vetustate censeatur, usuque attritis caelaturis, si 
 nee figura discerni possit, auctoritas constet. 
 
 With reference to the nameHedystrachides, the reading is doubtful. Brunn suggests Leostratides ; 
 Furtwaengler, Hedys, Thracides. The name represented by Hedys must begin with P, R, S, or T, as 
 the order from Ariston onwards is alphabetical. 
 
 ' C/. Dechelette, Vases ornis de la Gaule, i. pp. 222, 234. 
 
 " In Verr. iv. 18, 38. Bentley is probably right in deriving the name of these cups from one Thericles. 
 
 ' Cat. of Bronzes, p. xiv. 
 
 ' Cat. of Vases, iv. p. 25 ; Pagenstecher, Calenische Reliefkeramik, p. 70 ff.
 
 XVI CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 s atuette of a goddess (No. 19), a spoon with engraved design in the style of the bronze 
 mirrors (No. 20), and the tomb-furniture found in the sarcophagus of Seianti Hanunia 
 (Nos. 21-24). 
 
 Pliny also gives an account of the silversmith's art in Rome, especially in reference 
 to the popularity of ornamented silver vases ; and, as is his wont, he compares the luxury 
 of his own daj' in this respect with the restraint and frugality of Repubhcan times. He 
 instances Catus AeUus (Q. Aelius Tubero), consul in 167 B.C., who dined off earthenware 
 and refused throughout his life to use an}' silver vessels except two which L. Aemilius 
 PauUus had given him after his victory over Perseus (xxxiii. 142). The Carthaginian 
 envoys had remarked on the circumstance that there was only one dinner-service of silver 
 in the whole of Rome. But luxury rapidly developed as earthenware went out of use 
 among the richer classes' ; women had couches inlaid all over with silver,- and it was 
 also used for ornamenting triclinia, and later on for carriages. The orator Calvus com- 
 plained of the use of silver for cooking-utensils {vasa cocinaria, H.N. xxxiii. 140), by which 
 he probably means the decorated trullae or saucepans of which we have numerous examples 
 (c/. Nos. 73, 135, 136, 188 ff. in this collection). Other examples of silver vessels named 
 are lances or large dishes, square or circular (c/. Nos. 87, 131), weighing 100 lbs., of which 
 Pliny {H.N. xxxiii. 145) says that there were even in Republican times more than 150 in 
 existence at Rome ; they are said to have led to the inclusion of many names in Sulla's 
 proscription lists. He attributes this increase of luxury to the conquest of Asia [ihid. 148). 
 In 189 B.C. L. Scipio carried 1,450 lbs. of chased silver in his triumphal procession, and 
 Pompey, in his triumph over Mithradates, carried a silver statue of Pharnaces, the first 
 King of Pontus, as well as chariots in gold and silver which had belonged to Mithradates 
 Eupator. Cicero mentions dishes with designs of ferns (lances filicaiae) ,^ and a later writer* 
 speaks of bowls ornamented with %ane- and ivy-wreaths {paterae pampinatae, hederatae), 
 and plates with bunches of grapes {disci corymhiati). In the reign of Claudius one 
 Drusillanus Rotundus, a slave of the Emperor, had & lanx oi 500 lbs., and eight others 
 of 250 lbs. each, the manufacture of which required the building of a special workshop 
 {officina).^ 
 
 Further light is thrown on the art of the silversmith in the early Imperial period by 
 the bequest of C. Vibius Salutaris, a Roman knight, to the people of Ephesus in a.d. 104, 
 as recorded in the well-known inscription now in the British Museum.^ The bequest 
 included one gold statue and eight of silver, distributed as follows : (i) a golden Artemis 
 with two silver stags, silver images of the Roman Senate and the Ephesian /3ouXj;, dedi- 
 cated to Artemis and the /3ot/Xj; ; (2) silver statues of Artemis with torch, the Roman 
 people, and the Ephesian •^epovaia, to Artemis and the yepovffia ; (3) silver statues of 
 Artemis with torch, the Roman equestrian order and the Ephesian eiprjlSeia, to Artemis 
 and the ephebi. Salutaris also dedicated silver statues of Artemis and the Carenaean 
 
 ' H. N. xxxiii. 139. 
 
 » Cf. Ucli inargenlati. Dig., 33, 10, 3, § 3. 
 ' Ad Alt., vi. I, 13. 
 'Trcbelliiis Pollio. Vit. Claud. 17, 5. 
 ' //. N. xxxiii. 145. 
 
 ' /?. A/. Jnscr. No. 481 ; sec ibid., pt. 3, p. 136 and pt. 4, p. 242, and lines 159 ff. of the revised 
 rendering of the inscription.
 
 INTRODUCTION. xvii 
 
 tribe (to which as a citizen he belonged).' Probably two well-known types of Artemis 
 were represented : the Ephesian type and the type with torch. We arc also reminded 
 of the " silver shrines " (vaoi apyvpeoi) which the Ephesian silversmith Demetrius 
 made, as recorded in Acts {xix. 24). 
 
 Mention should also be made here of a curious inscription found by the Austrian 
 excavators at Ephesus,^ a reply of the emperors M. Aurelius and L. Venis made in 162- 
 163 A.D. to Ulpius Eurycles, the \oyiaT>]<; (curator) of the yepovaia, in regard to certain 
 questions raised by him. One of these questions related to the melting down of silver 
 statuettes of former emperors which had become worn and indistinguishable, and the 
 replacing of them by statuettes of the ruling emperors. It would appear that each figure 
 had a label {l3i/3\iov) underneath it, giving the name of the person represented. The 
 emperors replied that the statuettes should be preserved where possible, with their old 
 dedications ; those no longer identifiable might be melted down under certain conditions.* 
 
 The interval between the work of the Hellenistic period and of the craftsmen whose 
 names Pliny gives, and the typical Roman silver-work of the Imperial period which forms 
 the bulk of this collection, is filled by two famous " treasures," the Hildesheim find at 
 Berlin,* and the Boscoreale hoard, which is mostly in the Louvre.^ The Museum possesses 
 hardly anything which corresponds in style to the Hildesheim treasure, but is fortunate 
 in having one fragment found at Boscoreale, the bust of a Roman lady (No. 26). These 
 two treasures represent for us the silver-work of the Augustan age. It must not, however, 
 be supposed that all the objects which they comprise are contemporaneous, or even all of 
 the Augustan period. A collection of silver would necessarily comprise many objects 
 which had been in use or had been handed down over a considerable period, as is the case 
 at the present day ; and some of the Hildesheim objects certainly seem to be of an earlier 
 date than others. Similarly, the Boscoreale treasure can be dated as at least earlier than 
 A.D. 79, when that district was devastated by the eruption of Vesuvius ; but it is impossible 
 to say how much earlier some of the pieces may be. The majority, however, in both collec- 
 tions represent the typical art of the Augustan age. The Bernay or Berthouville treasure 
 in the Cabinet des Medailles, Paris, is another which comprises work of various periods.* 
 
 The Museum collection includes, in addition to the " treasures " shortl}' to be discussed, 
 a series of statuettes, reliefs, and vases, belonging to the Roman Imperial period, but 
 mostly of late date. Some may be definitely regarded as Alexandrian work, such as the 
 vases with fishing-scenes (Nos. 76, 77, 93), and the fridla from Syria with the subject of 
 Mars and Rea Silvia (No. 73). The bowl with the cranes, however (No. 72), is a good 
 specimen of the silver-work of the Augustan age, in the style of the Boscoreale vases, 
 and presents a close parallel with the well-known Arretine vase at Mainz by Ateius,' which 
 can be dated about the reign of Tiberius. On the other hand, the large situla with figures 
 
 ' Ibid., No. 594. 
 
 ' Forschungen in Ephesos, ii. p. 120 fi., No. 23. 
 
 ' For a similar occurrence at Oropos in Boeotia see Brit. Mus. Inscr. No. 160. 
 * See Pernice and Winter, Silberfund von Hildesheim. 
 ' M onuments Piot, vol. v. 
 
 " See the publication recently issued by E. Babelon (Trhor d'Argenterie de Berthouville, Paris, 1916). 
 They are mostly dedications to the Mercury of Canetonum, a local god. 
 ' Camb. Aniiq. Soc. Trans., 1907, pi. 5.
 
 xviii CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 of the four Seasons (No. 74), a tj-picallj' Augustan subject, must be of later date, the 
 figures being quite different from the recognised " New-Attic " types found on other works 
 of art.i 
 
 To the middle of the third century belongs the interesting find of statuettes from Macon 
 in France (Nos. 27-35), including two figures of Zeus, four of Hermes, an Artemis, and 
 the Tyche with representations of the Daj's of the Week. These were found in 1764 with 
 coins of Gallienus, under circumstances detailed by Payne Knight (see below, p. 8)" 
 through whom the group (\\ith the exception of No. 35) came into the Museum. 
 
 The tj'pical silver-work of the Roman Imperial period is represented, at any rate in 
 this collection, by a series of " treasures " found chiefly in Gaul, and also in Britain. Of 
 these the most remarkable is the Chaource or Mont cornet treasure (Nos. 144-182), found 
 in 1883 in the Department of Aisne in France, and dating from -the second century after 
 Christ. It consists of no fewer than thirty-nine pieces, mostly of plain silver, but some are 
 artistically decorated. Two smaller treasures are those from Chatuzange in the Depart- 
 ment of Drome and from Caubiac, near Toulouse, comprising six and seven pieces respec- 
 tively (Nos. 131-143). In the British and Mediaeval Department is a series of six orna- 
 mented handles of tndlae, or saucepans, found in 1747 at Capheaton, in Northumberland 
 (Nos. 188 a.) ; and also a trulla and other objects forming part of a find at Backworth, 
 in the same county (Nos. 183-187). Another treasure of a different type, comprising 
 twenty-nine pieces, is from Coleraine, in Ireland ; it is probably of late Imperial times, 
 and consists of portions of silver ingots and fragments of vessels and other objects in silver, 
 ornamented with patterns (No. 195 ff.). Some of these patterns are of an unusual and 
 elaborate character, and resemble those on the silver vases recently found at Whitting- 
 hame, in Scotland.^ 
 
 The ornamented silver vessels belong to a class which has been the subject of discussion 
 by two German writers, Th. Schreiber^ and Drexel.' Schreiber's book is written with the 
 object of pro\-ing that all such work is not only due to the influence of Alexandrian art, 
 but actually of Alexandrian origin, devoting his attention chiefly to the tndlae with orna- 
 mented handles and similar pieces. Drexel gives a useful survey of all the silver-work 
 of the Imperial period found in Central Europe, from Britain to the shores of the Black 
 Sea, together with similar examples from Italy and North Africa. Out of the sixty pieces 
 which he discusses in detail, forty come from Gaul, Germany, or Britain. His view is 
 that they were nearly all made in Gaul, under Alexandrian influence, and were exported 
 from that province, which was in the period a.d. 100-250 one of the richest in the Roman 
 Empire. At the same time he docs not deny the possibility that some, for example those 
 found in North Africa, were made locally, the influence of Alexandria having doubtless 
 spread elsewhere besides Gaul. It will therefore be seen that while accepting Schreiber's 
 thesis in the main he gives it a wider application. 
 
 These silver vessels are all cast from clay moulds on wax models, the friezes of figures 
 
 ' Cf. the Arretinft vase in B.M., L 54, and the terracotta reliefs, D 58^-586. 
 ' MS. Cat., s.v. Cybelc. 
 ' Antiquaries Journal, i., Jan. 1921, p. 42. 
 
 ' Die Alexandrinische Toreutik {1894), in Abhandl. d.k. siUhs. Gesellsch. d. Wissensch., phil.-hist. CI. 
 xiv., p. 273 ff. 
 
 * Bonner Jahrbiicher, 1 18, p. 176 ff.
 
 6 
 
 - 7 T 
 
 b 
 
 I V 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 10 
 
 15 
 
 FORMS OF SILVER VASES (ist-3rd centuries after Christ). 
 
 [A/lcr Drexil.
 
 XX CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 and other ornaments being worked in relief. Gilding is frequently employed for effect, 
 as for example on the large Caubiac dish. No. 137. A few specimens of bronze plated 
 with silver occur in the Chaource treasure (Nos. 179-181). The relief-decoration is usually 
 executed with great care. As regards shape, the vases usually fall into three classes : 
 (i) vessels for eating ; (2) vessels for drinking ; (3) jugs and saucepans (trullae). The first- 
 named include fiat, circular dishes {lances), often of considerable size ; the situlae or buckets, 
 and the deep bowls with projecting rims (Form No. 5 ; see below), which were evidently 
 intended for insertion in another vessel, must probably be also included under this heading, 
 being used at dessert for holding fruit or sweetmeats. The drinking-vessels are usually 
 in the form of shallow or hemispherical bowls. The principal forms as classified by Drexel 
 are illustrated in the accompanying diagram. Some are exclusively Gauhsh ; others again, 
 such as Forms Nos. i, 2, and 4, occur all over the Mediterranean basin, and are obviously 
 (Alexandrian in origin. On the other hand, it is remarkable that there is httle or no corre- 
 spondence with the contemporary forms of fictile vases ; the only exceptions are the 
 cylindrical bowl from Caubiac (No. 138), which corresponds more or less to Form No. 78 
 in the Brit. Miis. Cat. of Roman Pottery, and the bowl with projecting rim (Form No. 5), 
 which may be compared with Dragendorff's forms 38 and 44 {Brit. Miis. Cat. pi. 43). 
 
 These three classes of vessels form a complete service of plate, for which, in later times, 
 the word ministerium was adopted ; it is found in Lampridius about 300 A.D. {Vit. Alex. 
 ^^^- 34). who speaks of ducentarum lihrarum argenti pondus tninisterium ; and J. Paullus in 
 the second century mentions urceoli, lances, piperatoria, cochlearia, itemque trullae, calices, 
 scyphi et his similia as forming a ministeriutn {Sentent. iii. 6,86). 
 
 Drexel traces the development of the decoration of these silver vases of the Imperial 
 period, beginning in the first half of the first century of the Christian era with purely 
 ornamental motives, such as conventional foliage or masks on the handles. The execution 
 is better than in the later examples, and the style shows a close correspondence with that 
 of the Hildesheim and Boscoreale vases. The next stage introduces Dionysiac subjects, 
 and scenes of an idyllic character, belonging to the period 50-80 a.d. In the former, 
 greater realism is now to be observed ; the motives introduced include masks, altars, 
 musical instruments, or busts and half-figures on the handles of the vases. In the next 
 period (80-120 a.d.) the trullae with decorated handles make their appearance. The 
 flat handle is usually ornamented with the figure of a river-god surrounded by idyllic 
 scenes or motives of the same type as in the preceding stages. E.xamplcs in the Museum 
 collection are Nos. 135, 136, i88ff. They may be connected with the Alexandrian vases 
 with fishing subjects, examples of which are Nos. 76, 77, 93, and the engraved bronze 
 bowl from the Towneley Collection {Cat. of Bronzes, No. 884). These vases were imitated 
 in pottery of the time of Vespasian. 
 
 It is to be noted that after reaching the above point of development, Alexandrian 
 work comes to a standstill, and hence the same result appears in the provinces, and we 
 find no further development of the art, which remains at the same level down to the third 
 century. It is difficult to obtain satisfactory' evidence about the date of individual pieces 
 during this period, as it must be remembered that they may have been in use or in 
 possession for a long time between the date of manufacture and the time when they were 
 buried. The Chaource treasure, however, included coins down to the reign of Postumus,
 
 INTRODUCTION. XXI 
 
 and was, therefore, buried about a.d. 267. In other cases evidence of the date of burial 
 ranges from the middle of the second down to the fourth century. During the peace 
 of the second century not much silver was buried, but more was buried during the stormy 
 times of the third century, especially in the reign of Gallienus. The period of manufacture 
 of this class of vases may therefore be reckoned as about 100-250 a.d. ; it can hardly 
 have been earlier than 100 a.d., as nothing of this kind has been found at Pompeii. It is 
 practically impossible to draw any chronological conclusions from the style alone. 
 
 The characteristic decoration of these vessels is a narrow frieze on the exterior of the 
 bowls or the rims of the plates. The ornamentation falls under five main headings ; (i) 
 Masks, (2) Trees, (3) Animals, (4) Sea-monsters, (5) Ornaments and Dionysiac emblems. 
 In his treatise, DrexeF gives a classified list of the known examples, together with imitations 
 in bronze, pottery, and other materials, under the headings (i), (3), and (4), and subse- 
 quently he discusses all five classes of subjects in detail. His chief points are here 
 summarized : — • 
 
 I. Masks. — Of these we find four main types : Maenad, Seilenos, Satyr (bearded or 
 beardless) and Pan (bearded or beardless). They are often accompanied by other Dionysiac 
 attributes, such as the pedum, the thyrsus, or the tympanum, or interspersed with altars 
 and trees, the whole forming compositions which may be described as " Dionysiac still- 
 life." Nos. 75, 137-139, and 171, are examples of this style. The combination of these 
 masks and other attributes with Dionysiac animals may show that representations of 
 Dionysiac shrines are intended, though this is not always clearly indicated. In all this 
 type of decoration there may be traced a development from the compositions of the 
 Hildesheim cups and the cup of the Ptolemies.^ An increased tendency to symmetry is 
 to be noted, the motives being arranged almost mechanically like permutations of letters. 
 The origin of this style of decoration is certainly Alexandria ; it was especially developed 
 in Asia Minor. ^ 
 
 2. Trees. — These are somewhat conventionally treated, and some types cannot be 
 identified ; but the cypress is sometimes recognisable, and may be seen, for instance, 
 on the Caubiac bowl (No. 137). One type with leaves and spikes radiating from the end 
 of the branch is Alexandrian in origin, and also occurs at Boscoreale and Hildesheim. 
 
 3. Animals. — The fauna is that of Asia Minor rather than Eg^^pt, and may be com- 
 pared with that of early Ionic Greek vases. It was borrowed by the Alexandrian craftsmen 
 from Hellenistic art. It will be noticed that as in Pompeian wall-paintings and in the 
 pottery of the end of the first century (i.e., the bowls of form 37) there is a gradual encroach- 
 ment of this class of subject on all other motives except the masks. 
 
 4. Sea-monsters. — These are also derived from Asia Minor types. 
 
 5. Ornaments. — Among these may be noted the leaf-pattern developed from the 
 Lesbian kymation!^ (which occurs on Nos.8, •]■], 150, 170). 
 
 In summarising the results obtained by his survey, Drexel points out that the decoration 
 with friezes of masks first appears at Alexandria about a.d. 70 ; Dechelette, on the other 
 
 ' Bonner Jahrbiicher, 118, p. 182 S. 
 
 = Babelon, Cami-es de la Bibl. Nat., No. 368, pi. xliii. 
 
 ' Cf. Wiegand. Priene, p. 416 fi. 
 
 * On this pattern see Weickert, Das Lesbische Kymation.
 
 XXll CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 hand, traces the origin of the st\'le to an eariier period, in the silver vases of the Augustan 
 age.' The Caubiac vase (No. 137) is a typical example of this methpd of decoration 
 combined with animal motives, which graduall}^ invaded the mask-friezes. Thus we get 
 the combination of living creatures- with what has been termed " Dionj'siac stUl-hfe " ; 
 this maj', strictly speaking, be traced back to the art of Asia Minor, with its fondness for 
 animal friezes. Some of the existing examples are actual Alexandrian work, of the end of 
 the first century, but export soon began to the provinces. The use of moulds to reproduce 
 stock patterns by unskilled craftsmen and at comparatively small cost, was the cause of a 
 rapid increase in the imitation of these vases. A remarkable survival of this style is to be 
 seen in a fragment of a late vase recently found at WTiittinghame in Scotland (see p. xviii). 
 
 An interesting development of the art is its imitation in other materials. We find it 
 in the bronze buckets from Hemmoor in Hanover, the forms of which are Gaulish, but the 
 decoration, mostly consisting of animals, is local.- Their date is about 150-200 a.d. 
 But at an earlier date it appears in the Gaulish pottery of the beginning of the second 
 century, and there is a close relation between the Hemmoor buckets and the Lezoux 
 vases of " free " style. ^ In both we find a favourite subject to be friezes of animals 
 divided into groups by trees at intervals. On the ground of this similarity in detail, 
 D^chelette considers that the Hemmoor buckets were actually made in Gaul. 
 
 The vases of Libertus, whose date is about 100 A.D., evidently draw their inspiration 
 from the silver vases, and are therefore important for the dating of the latter.'' Some 
 of this potter's vases are actually covered with metaUic varnish, like gilt silver, and others 
 are evidently imitations of the forms of silver vases. In the Plicque collection at 
 St. Germain there are three moulds for vases of form 71, one of which is signed by 
 Libertus,^ which are exact copies, not only of the forms, but also of the decoration of 
 silver vases, with friezes of masks and animals. Dechelctte points out that the artist 
 Zenodorus (see above, p. xv) must have worked in the Arvcrnian region, where the vases 
 of Libertus were made, and that his date was about the middle of the first century, not 
 many years previous to the time of the potter. 
 
 ' Vases arm's de la Gaule, i. p. 233. 
 
 ■ Willers, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor. 
 
 ' Rev. Arch., 1902, ii. p. 290 ; B.M. Cat. of Roman Pottery, p. xxxiv. 
 
 * D6chelette, i., p. 229 ff. 
 
 ' Dichelette, i., pi. 5; cf. ibid., p. 231.
 
 CATALOGUE.
 
 Inches 
 
 2- 
 
 7-5 
 
 2-5 
 
 3-5 
 
 5 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 
 
 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 80 90 WO 
 M I L L I M ET R ES 
 
 SCALE FOR CONVERTING MILLIMETRES INTO INCHES.
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 I.— ORIENTALISING PERIOD. 
 
 1. BowL Shallow form, without foot, 
 of cable-pattern between rings of dots, 
 cartouches with meaningless imi- 
 tations of Egyptian hieroglyphs, 
 at equal intervals ; one cartouche 
 is wanting. They are as follows : 
 L (i) Ape with plants, and hiero- 
 glyphs ; (2) hieroglyphs. II. (i) 
 Cat and ankh ; eye ; (2) wanting. 
 
 III. (i) hieroglyphs, and boat 
 with plant ; (2) Horus-hawk 
 crowned with scourge and uraeus ; 
 papyrus-plant ; emblem of Neith. 
 
 IV. (i) Sign Pa ; Harpocrates 
 between two ideographs of ' sweet- 
 ness ' ; {2) vulture of Mut and 
 man with plant. The pairs of 
 cartouches are connected by a 
 band of lotos-flowers on a chain of 
 punctured dots. 
 
 Diam. 18-4001. Kameiros, i860. 
 Perrot and Chipiez, Hist, de l' Art, 
 surface corroded. The date is about 1000-800 B.C. 
 
 In the centre a rosette surrounded by a ring 
 Round the interior arc four pairs of feathered 
 
 iii., p. 790. Much injured and restored ; exterior 
 
 2-18. GREEK SILVER WORK. 
 
 THE PERUGIA RELIEFS (2-4). 
 
 These three fragments of reliefs form part of a find made in 1812 at Castello 
 S. Mariano, about four miles south-west of Perugia, consisting chiefly of fragments 
 of repousse reliefs in bronze, and a few of silver, all being early Ionic work of the sixth 
 century B.C. The silver fragments were acquired by J. Millingen, from whom they 
 passed into Payne Knight's collection ; the rest were partly secured for the University 
 Museum at Perugia, and for Munich. Those at Perugia were published by Micali, 
 Storia, iii. pi. 28 ff., and again by Petersen in Antikc Denkmaeler, ii. pis. 14, 15, with 
 
 B
 
 2 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 a full discussion of the whole series in Ram. Mitteil. ix. (1S94), p. 253 ff. They have 
 been restored into the decoration of a travelling-chariot and a war-chariot. 
 
 2. Part of a Panel, probably from a chariot, with raised frame of square section. 
 
 Along the inner and outer edges of the frame are narrow slips of electrum plating 
 
 with bead-and-reel ornament in relief, btit only fragments remain ; and at intervals 
 
 along the edges are small holes for attaching the relief to the body of the chariot. 
 
 The subject of the main design, which is in repousse, is a boar attacked by two lions: 
 
 The boar has fallen forward to r. with legs bent under him ; the lion on the 1. leaps 
 
 on its hindquarters and bites it in the back, while the other, whose head is turned 
 
 to the front, bites its back behind the shoulder, placing his 1. hind-paw on its snout. 
 
 The first lion's hind-legs are wanting, and of the other only the muzzle, 1. fore-leg and 
 
 hind-legs remain. On the r. is a Sphinx seated to r. (restored as a gryphon), with r. 
 
 fore-paw resting on the sloping side of the panel, so as to fit into the space ; the tail 
 
 is curled up. The wing-feathers are indicated by scales, and incised ; the outer row 
 
 of feathers is plated with electrum, as is also the end part of the mane or mass of 
 
 long hair which falls down the side of the neck. The head is wanting, and also the 
 
 upper part of the recurved wing. Plate I. 
 
 Length 39' 5 cm. Width 10-5 cm. Found in 1812 between Perugia and Cortona. Payne 
 Knight Coll. (MS. Cat., xx. 2-3). Micali, Storia, i. pi. 45 ; Rdtn. Mitteil. ix. (1894), 
 p. 313, fig. 20. On early Ionic Sphinx types, see Roscher, Lexikon, s.v., p. 1342 ff. 
 
 3. Part of a rectangular panel, with narrow raised frame along upper and lower 
 
 edges. Two Amazons on horseback galloping to r. ; the nearer one pulls at the 
 
 bridle (now wanting), and her r. hand, which has held something, is drawn back; 
 
 of the further one only the upper part is visible, with r. hand holding a forked stick. 
 
 They have receding foreheads and long straight no.ses, and each has long hair, 
 
 elcctrum-plated, falling in three long curl.'; over the shoulder and in a thick mass at 
 
 the back, with a fringe over the forehead ; the nearer one wears short girt chiton 
 
 with broad electrum border on which a ke\'-pattern is incised, and high boots with 
 
 turned-up toes, electrum-plated. Below them a similar figure lies on the ground with 
 
 feet to 1., the face and body turned to the front, r. hand raised, 1. supporting the 
 
 body ; hair, boots, and chiton as the first figure, but no key-pattern on border of 
 
 chiton. The horses have electrum manes, tails, and hind-feet, and the headstalls 
 
 and bits are also of electrum ; round the neck of the nearer horse is a collar with 
 
 incised pattern of pendent lotos-flowers and buds alternating ; on its back is a 
 
 saddle-cloth with electrum border, on which a key-pattern is incised.' Plate I. 
 
 Ht. 21-5 cm. Diam. lO'S cm. From Perugia, 1812. Payne Knight Coll. (xx. i). 
 Micali, Storia, i., pi. 45 ; Millingen. Anc. lined. Monuni. ii., pi. 14, p. 27 ; Miiller, Dcnhni. 
 d. ant. Kiinsl, i., 60, 301 ; Ri>»i. Mitteil. ix. (1894), p. 314, fig. 21 ; Aati/a- Ditikmacler, ii., 
 text to pi. 14-15, p. 3 ; Zahn, Daratelliing der liarbarcn, p. 56 ; Kcinach, Rt'pcrtoire de 
 Reliefs, ii., p. 508. l'"airly well preserved, but broken away in places. The style of the 
 figures is Ionian, of the sixth century B.C., and various points of comparison with the 
 vase-fragments from Clazomenae and Daphnae may be noted, e.g., the harness of the horses 
 and their open mouths showing the teeth. 
 
 ' Cf. /vV«;. Miltcil. ii. |jI. 9, ami lh<- vasc-lraHincnl Ii 116 in IJril. Mus. Inmi I laphniie.
 
 GREEK SILVER WORK. 3 
 
 4. Piece of open-work ornament, with flat rc/)OMss/ pattern of palmettes, with volutes 
 and interlacing tendrils, forming an oval. PLATE I. 
 
 Length 29 cm. Ht. 20-5 cm. Perugia, 1812. Payne Knight Coll. (xx. 4). 
 
 5. Ingot. Oblong shape, cut away at the lower corners. Inscribed on one side ; AlOS 
 AVKA, A(Os \vKa(iov) ; on the other, TPVrON, Tpvyayv. The lettering is of the fifth 
 
 century B.C. 
 
 Dimensions ii-5x4'3xi'25 cm. Weight 
 730 grammes. Sicily, 1885. Roehl, Inscr. 
 Gr. Antiq., No. 523 ; Inscr. Gr., xiv. 597 ; 
 Brit. Mus. Inscr. iv., pt. 2, p. 218, No. 1102 
 (gives weight as 725 grammes = 11,193 
 grains) ; Cook, Zeus, i., p. 88, note 5. Trygon 
 is presumably the donor. For Zfir Auitnios, 
 see Cook, loc. cit. 
 
 Sarapis. Stands on small 
 plinth, holding out patera 
 in r. hand and cornucopia 
 in 1. ; wears calathos, long 
 chiton, and himation over 
 1. shoulder ; round the hair 
 is a fillet tied at the neck 
 
 = No. 
 
 and hanging in a loop. 
 
 Ht. 3 cm. From Paramythia, Epirus ; 
 Payne Knight Coll. [MS. Cat. Ixxviii. 2) 
 remains of gilding on drapery. 
 
 found with the bronzes in 1792. 
 In nearly perfect condition ; 
 
 7. Boy and Fox-Goose. The boy sits with legs bent round and 1. foot crossed over r., 
 
 turning his head away to his r. from the bird which he holds in both hands, and 
 
 laughing painfully ; the goose bites at his 1. ear. He is of chubby proportions, and 
 
 has thick curly hair, rather long, with a plait along the top of the head, and round 
 
 his waist a garment is twisted. Plate VII. 
 
 Ht. g- 2 cm. Found in 1844 near Alexandria, with coins of the early years of Ptolemy III. 
 (247-222 B.C.) ; acquired 1845. Journ. Hell. Stud., vi., p. 9, No. 51, with plate ; Jahr- 
 eshefte, vi., (1903). p- 234, fig. 126 ; Walters, Art of the Greeks, pi. iii ; Re\n3.c\\, Repertoire 
 de la Statuaire, ii., p. 466. Lower part of back crushed and contorted. Possibly a variation 
 of the type usually associated with Boethos, but that sculptor is now dated about 170- 
 160 B.C.,' and from the evidence of the coins the date of this group must be seventy 
 to eighty years earlier. The group described by Herondas (iv.'3i) of a boy playing with 
 a fox-goose {xtifaXaiTrri^) accords better with this type ; it also occurs on a bronze lamp 
 {Ant. di Ercolano, viii. , i g) . Compare also a marble statue in the Borghese Collection ( Helbig, 
 Fiihrer', ii., p. 244, No. 1550; Jahreshefte, vi., p. 235, fig. 128); and see S. Reinach 
 in Revue de I'Univ. de Bruxelles, vi. (1901), p. 243 ; Monuments Plot, xvii. (igog), p. 45 ff. 
 (with other reff.) Mrs. S. A. Strong suggests that the boy may be the voung Asklepios 
 (Journ. Hell. Stud, xxviii., p. 20). 
 
 8. Patera. Round the central boss, which has vertical sides and a convex top, are 
 bands of pattern : leaf-pattern (variety of Lesbian kymation), palmettes and lotus- 
 
 See Cat. of Museo CapitoUno, p. 322 ; Jahrbiicli. d. Arch. Inst. xix. Anz. p. 212 ; Monum. Plot, xvii. p. 45. 
 
 B 2
 
 4 CATALOGUE OK SILVER PLATE. 
 
 buds alternating, and bead-and-reel ; round the outer edge of the interior, an ivj'- 
 
 wreath. The main design consists of a broad frieze round the interior with rehef 
 
 representing a procession of five deities in chariots (quadrigae) : (i) Athena, wearing 
 
 crested helmet, shield, and chiton ; (2) Herakles, bearded, with club ; (3) Ares, 
 
 bearded, with shield ; (4) Hermes with caduceus ; (5) Dionysos with thyrsus. Each 
 
 chariot is driven by a Nike, with hair knotted up and long chiton. Two of the horses 
 
 drawing the chariots of Athena and of Ares are looking back. The subject seems 
 
 to be the Apotheosis of Herakles. - Plate II. 
 
 Diam. 20-6 cm. From Eze, Dept. of Alpes Maritimes, France; found about 1870; 
 acquired, 1891. Blanchet in yh'in. de la Soc. Nat. des Antiqs. de France, liv., p. 47, No. 2 ; 
 Murray, Handbook ofGk. Archaeology, p. 108 ; Athen. Mitteil., xxxiii., p. 127 ; Babelon, 
 Trt'sor d'arg. de Berthouville. p. 61 '; Class. Review, v. (1891), p. 342 ; Numism. Chron. 
 1891, p. 318, note ; and see Brit. Mus. Cat. of Vases, iv., p. 25 (G 118-119), Pagenstecher, 
 Cale'nische Relief keramik , p. 72, and Walters, Ancient Pottery, i., pp. 192, 500, for 
 terracotta copies, dating from the second century B.C. In good condition, but injured 
 in one place ; details somewhat indistinct. For the leaf-pattern derived from the 
 Lesbian kymation cf. Nos. 75, 150, 170, and see p. xxi. 
 
 9. Patera, similar. Round the central boss, an elaborate pattern of palmettes, and 
 egg-pattern ; round the rim of the interior, laurel-wreath, with a fly or bee at intervals 
 (two now remaining). The main design consists of a broad frieze round the interior, 
 with relief representing a procession of four deities in quadrigae (Apotheosis of 
 Herakles) ; the figures are on a larger scale than in the preceding example, 
 (i) Herakles with club and lion's skin ; upper part wanting ; (2) Apollo, with 
 lyre and chlamys ; (3) Hermes or Dionysos, with chlamys ; (4) Athena, with 
 shield, and chiton with over-fold ; upper part wanting. Each chariot is driven by 
 a Nike, and between each middle pair of horses i? another Nike leading them. 
 
 Plate II. 
 
 Diam. 21-2 cm. Similarly acquired. Blanchet in Mem. de la Soc. Nat. des Antiqs. de 
 France, liv., p. 48, No. 3 ; Murray, Handbook of Gk. .Archaeology, p. 108 ; Class. Review, 
 V. (1891), p. 342. Much damaged ; rim complete, but outer edge of design wanting nearly 
 all the way round, and also the middle of the central boss. Better style than tlie preceding ; 
 probably third century B.C. 
 
 10. Patera, similar. Round the central boss, patterns as on the last but one, but no 
 
 frieze of figures ; the patterns are : Lesbian kymation, tongue, band of dots, palmette- 
 
 and-lotos, and bead-and-reel. PLATE III. 
 
 Diam. i7'8 cm. Similarly acquired. Blancliet in Mem. de la Soc. Nat. des Antiqs. de 
 France, p. 47, No. i. .\bout half of the vase is wanting. 
 
 11. Bowl. Wide neck with narrow vertical rim ; ellipsoidal body ; no handle or foot. 
 
 Round the shoulder, a plain gilt band, with band of beads below. Round the body, 
 
 band of broad pointed oval leaves, overlapping in three layers and diminishing in 
 
 size in each layer, with small plants in the angles between. On the base, rosette of 
 
 eight petals on a gilt ground, within a gilt ring. Plate III. 
 
 Ht. 6-8 cm. Diam. at mouth 7-5 cm. Acquired, 1901. Walters, Art of the Greeks, 
 pi. 1 1 1. Lower part of va.se much injured. The style of the ornamentation is I*;gvptian, 
 and the vase dates from the Ptolemaic period ; cf. Maspero, l.'Archi'ologie /•'gyptiennc, 
 p. 300.
 
 GREEK SILVER WORK. 
 
 12. Cup. Body ellipsoidal ; vvidf mouth, with rim spreading outwards ; no toot. 
 
 PLATE III. 
 
 Ht. 6-8 cm. Diam. lo cm. From Curium, Cyprus (tomb 83) ; excavated under the 
 Turner Bequest, 1895. Excavations in Cyprus, p. 66, fig. 79. Ahnost intact, but much 
 corroded throughout ; surface perforated with holes in one place. Found with vases and 
 other objects of the first half of the fifth century b.c. 
 
 13. Cup. Plain hemispherical form, like a fxa(TT6<;. PLATE III. 
 
 Ht. 6-8 cm. Diam. 8-75 cm. From Curium, Cyprus (tomb 80) ; excavated under the 
 Turner Bequest, 1895, Excavations in Cyprus, p. 66, fig. 78. Surface corroded ; part broken 
 away near base. Fourth century b.c.~; cf. Cyprus Mus. Cat. No. 4883. 
 
 14. Kylix. Hemispherical bowl, with delicate loop-handles curving outwards, and bent 
 inwards at the top, like the bronze cups found at Galaxidi (see below). PLATE III. 
 
 Ht. 5 cm. Diam. 8-4 cm. From the island of Chaike, near Rhodes, 1889. Surface 
 much encrusted, inside and out. About third century B.C. 
 
 15. Kylix. Flat bowl with low broad foot ; ' chicken-bone ' handles terminating 
 on the under-side of the bowl in leaf-shaped attachments. In the centre of 
 the interior is a rosette, the centre formed by a raised gilt knob ; round it are 
 two bands of engraved ornament, the inner a variety of Lesbian kymation 
 (cf. No. 8), the outer, an elaborate design of palmettes and tendrils. Plate III. 
 
 Diam. 23-5 cm.; of bowl only, 14-5 cm. Boscoreale, 1897. Exterior surface 
 corroded. Probably Greek work of ithe third or second century B.C. ; cf. the bronze vases 
 from Galaxidi exhibited in the Bronze Room. 
 
 16. Bowl. Rather flat, with wide rim spreading outwards ; no 
 foot. Lower part of e.xterior ornamented with radiating 
 leaves in high repousse relief ; very thin walls. 
 
 Ht. 5-3 cm. Diam. 14 cm. From a tomb at Budrum iinil 
 
 (Halicarnassos) ; excavated by C. T. Newton, 1857. 
 in places ; surface much corroded. 
 
 17. Bowl. Shallow, with overhanging rim and flat base. 
 
 18. 
 
 Injured 
 
 Ht. 3- 75 cm. Diam. 15 cm. From Kameiros (1864 ?). Repaired 
 and restored ; surface much scraped. 
 
 Fig. 4 = No. 16. 
 
 Mirror-Case, bronze, with silver-plated design. The case is of unusual type, 
 the inside of the lid forming the mirror ; this lid fits inside the lower part 
 of the case, which has a rim underneath so as to form a hollow base. The lid is 
 attached by a broad hinge, complete all but one rivet, and is fastened by 
 movable catch-piece working on a pivot. On the lid and on the under side of 
 the case are moulded concentric circles ; round the edge of the case, Lesbian 
 kymation. 
 
 The design is engraved on the inside of the lid and plated with silver ; it 
 represents Aphrodite and Eros. Aphrodite is seated to 1. on an oblong seat in 
 the form of an altar with plinth and projecting top ; her r. hand is held out
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 towards Eros, and on her raised 1. 
 hand a dove is perched. She wears 
 shoes, a long girt transparent chiton, 
 and scarf over shoulders, one end 
 falling over the front of her body, 
 the other caught under her thigh ; 
 her hair is knotted up under a fillet. 
 At the other end of the seat is 
 Eros leaning to 1., with 1. leg 
 crossed over r., looking round at 
 Aphrodite ; in r. hand he holds a 
 dish of fruit ; the 1. is placed on 
 the seat. 
 
 Diam. 15-5 cm. Hermione, 1902. 
 Roughly executed design, of late date. 
 
 19-25. ETRUSCAN SILVER 
 WORK. 
 
 19. Goddess or Woman. Stands 
 with feet together ; hair parted 
 and waved, with sphendone ; long 
 chiton with overfold covering arms, 
 falling in straight folds to the 
 ankles ; large hood or veil overhead with one point over the r. shoulder, and falling 
 in two points down the back. The ears are pierced for earrings. 
 
 Ht. 26-8 cm. Castellani, 1873. Catalogue of Bronzes, No. 607. Bronze plated with 
 silver ; surface much corroded. Arms broken away at elbows ; the eyes have been inlaid. 
 Etruscan work of about the fifth-fourth centuries B.C. 
 
 20. Spoon (T3'pe C, Fig. 37). Handle connected with bowl by a curved piece of 
 C-shape, the base of the bowl forming a straight bar at right angles to this ; the 
 bowl itself is oval in shape, widening out again towards the handle, and terminating 
 in a broad and straight piece ; the handle thih with pointed end. On the back of 
 the bowl is an engraved design representing Athena seated to r., holding spear in 1. 
 hand ; she wears crested helmet, aegis, and long chiton. Before her are her owl facing 
 to front and the serpent ; round the edge is a floral border, and in the field is 
 inscribed AdQN3t^, Menrfa. 
 
 Length 13-7 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (xcviii. 48). Bowl somewhat corroded. Late 
 Etruscan work ; for the style of the engraving cf. the later bronze mirrors (Cal. of Bronzes, 
 Nos. 726 £f.). 
 
 TOMH GROUP FROM CHIUSI (21--25). 
 
 These five objects were found in the same tomb as the sarcophagus of Seianti 
 Hanunia at Poggio Cantarello, four miles west of Chiusi, in 1886. The sarcophagus,
 
 ETRUSCAN SILVER WORK. 
 
 which dates from about the middle of the second century B.C., is descril^cd in the 
 Catalogue of Terracottas, D 786. The objects were fixed with iron nails to the walls 
 of the tomb. They are described in Rlim. Milteil. i. p. 219 ; Notizie degli Scavi, 1886, 
 p. 356 ; Antike Denkm. i. p." 9 ; see also Class. Review, i. p. 119. Illustrations of the 
 five silver objects are given in Amer. Journ. of Arch. 1918, p. 276, fig. 13, and in Antike 
 Denkm., loc. cit. Plate IV. 
 
 21. Aryballos. Globular body with narrow neck ; the mouth is broken away. Round 
 the middle of the body is a gilt band of incised wave-pattern between dotted lines. 
 
 Ht. 8-2 cm. 
 
 22. Situla. Egg-shaped body with plain flat lip, to which a movable flat semi-circular 
 handle is attached by hooks. 
 
 Ht. 15 cm. Diam. 14 cm. Handle repaired ; surface corroded in places. 
 
 23. Pyxis. Cylindrical form, with moulded base ; cover with domed top, which has 
 been attached to the side of the vase by a chain. Round the top of the vase is a 
 cable-moulding ; round the sides is engraved a large wreath in festoon, with ox-skulls 
 in the spaces above and below (four in all). 
 
 Ht. 10 cm. 
 
 24. Mirror. Circular, with long handle, formed of a thin plate of metal, which is bent 
 up along each side of the handle, terminating in a bent-up leaf. Round the rim of 
 the mirror is a gilt wave-pattern between dotted lines, which is sunk on the back, 
 and in rehef on the front ; along the handle is a leaf- or herring-bone pattern. 
 
 Length 37-5 cm. Diam. of mirror 15 cm. Surface highly polished. Found in situ 
 hanging on a nail. 
 
 25. Strigil. 
 
 Length about 25 cm. Broken in 
 three pieces ; surface corroded. 
 
 26-241. ROMAN 
 SILVER WORK. 
 
 (I) STATUETTES (26-61). 
 
 26. Bust of Roman Lady. This 
 bust represents a middle-aged 
 woman with thin bony face, and 
 hair arranged in the style in vogue 
 about .\.T). 40-60, as seen, for 
 instance, on the coins of Antonia 
 and the Agrippinas. It is drawn 
 on each side in undulating waves 
 to behind the ear and is smooth 
 over the top of the head ; behind Fig. 6. Restoration of No. 26.
 
 8 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 the ears it is gathered in two twisted strands, which are plaited together at the neck 
 
 and tied up in a club, the end of which is now wanting ; curls of hair escape in front 
 
 of and behind the ears. The bust has been torn in ancient times out of a patera 
 
 like that illustrated in Momim. Piot, v. pi. 2, which must have formed a pair with 
 
 it (see Fig. 6). Plate VII. 
 
 Ht. 10 cm. From Boscoieale, Pompeii. It seems to have been placed in a separate 
 cupboard, while awaiting repair, and so was found separated from the treasure of which it once 
 formed part. Formerly in the Tyszkiewicz Coll. ; acquired 1895. Motntiii. Piot, v. p. 45, 
 figs. 8, 9, and see pp. 22, 24 note i ; Gaz. des Beaux-Arts, Aug. 1895, p. 94. Cf. for the type 
 Bernoulli, Rom. Ikonogr. ii. pt. i, pi. 14, and coin-plates Nos. 33, 35. Surface somewhat 
 corroded. 
 
 THE MACON TREASURE (Nos. 27-35). 
 
 This group of silver statuettes forms part of a find made at Macon in France on 
 March ist, 1764, as described by Caylus in his Rectteil d'Antiquitcs, vii. p. 239, from a 
 letter written by M. le Chevalier de Savasse to M. de Montrichard. A vine-grower 
 fovmd, at a depth of 8 to 9 feet, a series of statuettes ' of great elegance,' vases, 
 and about 30,000 gold and silver coins, nearly all of which were of Imperial date, and 
 none later than the time of Gallienus (a.d. 260). A certain M. Aulas was stated 
 to possess ' seven statuettes in silver of the greatest beauty, each about 5 in. high, 
 except a Mercurj- which was 7 in., of which the mantle had been gilt,' also ' a Jupiter 
 bronti'e, the work of which is admirable, as is also a Cybele ' [the Tyche No. 33]. 
 Others were either carried off by the vine-grower or by the jewellers who cleaned 
 them, and these M. de Savasse had not seen. The coins were also subsequently 
 dispersed. M. Aulas had also five pedestals with gilding, each about 2 in. high, with 
 mouldings and ornament [these are now under Nos. 28-31 and 33], and ' a small 
 square altar of admirable work on which a flame is represented ' [cf. No. 34). He 
 also mentions a goat {cf. No. 27), and a small cock (No. 29) ; these are illustrated 
 bj' Caylus, ibid. pi. 67. 
 
 Payne Knight, in his MS. Catalogue, reproduces much of M. de Savasse's account, 
 also adding : — ' The whole being caked together in a hard lump by the solution of 
 the brass coins, the ignorant and timid Discoverer beat it to pieces and sold it clan- 
 destinely to silversmiths, who melted it down before the event had come to the know- 
 ledge of any Person of Taste or Science, so that but a small part was saved. . . . and 
 happily the most important of all (the Tyche) escaped with its surface uninjured 
 cither by corrosion or cleaning.' 
 
 The Zeus No. 35 was not acquired through Payne Knight, hut is a recent purchase ; 
 there is, however, every reason to suppose that it formed part of this iind. 
 
 27. Zeus. Stands with 1. leg bent holding in r. hand a tliundcrbolt, which terminates at 
 each end in a lotos-i)ud, and in 1. has been a scejitre. Head of the Otricoli type ; 
 wears chlamys at i)ack, drawn forward over r. arm and 1. shoulder, the jioinls of tiic 
 folds being held down with weights. At his 1. side is a she-goal witli (ipcu lUdutli. 
 Modern base. Plate VI. 
 
 Ht. 6-5 cm., witli base 10 cm, I'ouiid in 1704 at Macon, I'rance, witii Nus. .18-34. 
 Payne Knight Coll. (liii. 9). In line condition. Cf. the bronze types {Cat. 911 il.).
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 9 
 
 28. Artemis. She stands with 1. leg bent and hands extended, eacli having held an 
 attribute. Her hair is waved back and knotted at the nape of the neck, and over her 
 forehead is a crescent ; she wears a long chiton with over-fold, girt at the waist and 
 fastened with a brooch on 1. shoulder, the skirts of which float out each side. There 
 are remains of gilding on the figure. Ancient circular base with gilt ' rouletted ' 
 pattern round upper and lower edges ; round the middle, a gilt wreath ending in a 
 flower of man}' petals. Plate VI. 
 
 Ht. 7- 7 cm., with base 10 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (.xxvi. 
 5). Caylus, Recueil d'Antiq. vii., pi. 70, figs. 3, 4, p. 250. In good condition, but much 
 cleaned. 
 
 29. Hermes. Stands with 1. foot drawn back, looking down to his 1. ; in 1. hand he holds 
 a purse and in the r. he has held the caduceus downwards. He has closely-curling 
 hair, in which are small wings over the forehead, and round it is a wreath with ends 
 of ribbon hanging down behind ; a chlamys is fastened with a circular brooch on the 
 r. shoulder, and falls over the 1. arm, round which a fold is twisted. At his feet is a 
 cock. Ancient base, circular ; round the upper edge, row of beads and gilt egg-and- 
 dart pattern ; round the lower edge a gilt ' rouletted ' pattern. Plate V. 
 
 Ht. II- 2 cm., with base 14 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix. 12). 
 In good preservation ; lower edge of base injured. Cf. the bronze types (Cat. iig6 ff.). 
 
 30. Hermes. A boyish figure, standing with 1. leg bent, looking to his r. ; in r. hand he 
 
 holds a purse, and in the 1., the fingers of which are broken away, he has held a 
 
 caduceus. He has curly hair, round which is a wreath with ribbons hanging down 
 
 behind, and wears a small chlamys folded over the 1. shoulder and fastened with a 
 
 brooch, the end caught up over the 1. arm. Plain moulded antique base. Plate VI. 
 
 Ht. 6-8 cm. with base 8 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (I.x. 13). 
 Base injured. 
 
 31. Hermes, as the last. R. foot drawn back. Antique hexagonal base, ornamented 
 like No. 29. 
 
 Ht. 6' 5 cm., with base 8' 2 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix. 14). 
 In good condition. 
 
 32. Hermes. He stands with 1. foot drawn back, r. hand raised to his head, and 1. arm 
 
 bent, with the fingers crooked as if holding something. Hair in double row of close 
 
 curls over the forehead ; wears winged petasus (one wing wanting), sandals, and 
 
 chlamys over shoulders brought forward from r. side over thighs and caught up over 
 
 1. arm. Plate VI. 
 
 Ht. 8 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix. 16). In good condition ; 
 base modern. 
 
 33. Tyche (?), or tutelary deity of a city (Massilia ?) A goddess standing with r. foot 
 drawn back, holding a gilt patera in r. hand, from which she pours a libation on a 
 small altar in front of her ; in her 1. is a double cornucopia emerging from gilt leaves, 
 surmounted by busts of Apollo and Artemis. The goddess is winged, and her hair 
 is parted and arranged in elaborate curls ; she wears a long chiton with over-fold.
 
 lO CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 and himation over her shoulders, twisted up round the loins and falling in folds 
 weighted at the edges. On her head is a mural crown pierced with rectangular 
 openings, which implies that she is the goddess of a city. The altar on which she 
 pours the libation is rectangular, with a wTeath in relief on the front ; on it is a fire (?). 
 Of the two busts, Apollo has a laurel wreath in his hair, which is parted and waved ; 
 Artemis has her hair tied in a bow on the top of the head and knotted at the nape 
 of the neck, and a diadem over the forehead ; each has a belt over the 1. shoulder, 
 and at the back a disc marked with a cross. On the edge of each of the goddess's 
 wings about midway are busts of the Dioscuri, with richly-curling hair, draper}- on 
 breast, and stars on their heads ; below each is a small globe. 
 
 The wings support a horizontal crescent-shaped piece to which are attached seven 
 busts representing the Days of the Week or their corresponding deities, beginning 
 with Saturday (Saturnus) : (i) Saturaus, bearded, with drapery veiling his head ; 
 
 (2) Sol, beardless, with long curls, radiated head-dress, and drapery on breast ; 
 
 (3) Luna, «-ith hair parted and waved and falling in curls on shoulders, crescent over 
 forehead, and drapery on breast ; (4) Mars, bearded, with crested helmet and 
 breast-plate ; (5) Mercury, beardless, with wreath of foliage and wings oi\ head ; 
 (6) Jupiter, bearded, with thick curly hair and wreath ; (7) Venus, with diadem in 
 hair, which falls in tresses ou her shoulders ; below each bust is a small globe. 
 
 The figure stands on its ancient base, which is twe]\-e-sided, with vertical ribs from 
 
 top to bottom. There is much gilding throughout. PLATE V. 
 
 Ht. 14 cm. Found with the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. (.xxiv. i). Cayhis, Eecueil, 
 vii. pL 71, p. 250 ; De Witte in Gazette Archeol. 1879, pi. 2, p. 3, and 1877, p. 82 ; Maass, 
 Die Tai^esgdtter in Rom urid den Provimen, p. 240, fig. 28 ; Daremberg-Saglio, Die/, des 
 Antiqs., s.v. Cornucopia, p. 1520, fig. 1966 and s.t). Dies, p, 173, fig. 2404 ; Koerber, Rom. 
 Inschr. d. Maimer Mus. (1897), p. 266. See on the subject generally Gazette Archeol., 
 Daremberg-Saglio, and Maass, locc. citi., and Victoria County Hist, of Hants, i. p. 308 ; 
 and compare a bronze vase in Gazette Arch. 1877, pi. 8, with a bust inscribed TYXH 
 accompanying the seven deities ; a silver trulla from Wettingen, ibid. 1879, pi. I ; and a 
 bronze object from the Thames in Brit. Mus. (Victoria County Hist, of London, i. p. no, 
 fig. 47, with bibhograpliy of the subject). De Witte associated the figure with tlie city of 
 Nicopolis, but Maass gives reasons for identifying lier as the Tyche of Massilia (Marseilles). 
 It will be noted that Saturn as the oldest god begins the series of seven days. The cult 
 of the Days of the Week was introduced from Babylonia through Alexandria in the Hel- 
 lenistic Age ; they first appear in art at the end of the Republican period (Schreiber, 
 Alexandr. Toreutik, p. 449). On representations of cities in ancient art, see P. Gardner in 
 Jnurn. Hell. Stud. ix. p. 47, ff. 
 
 34. Genius. Stands witl; r. foot drawn back, l.olding out a patera in r. hand ; in the 1. is 
 a cornucopia. He has a youthful face, with richly-cnrling hair, and wears a mural 
 crown, high boots with flaps round the top, and a himation which passes over 1. 
 shoulder and round lower limbs, and is gatlnnd up ()\rr tlic 1. arm. .Xnriont 
 octagonal base. Plate V. 
 
 Ht. 7-3 cm., with base 9-5 cm. P'ouiid uitli the preceding. Payne Knight Coll. 
 (xxxviii. 2). In admirable preservation. 
 
 35. Zeus, seated. In his r. hand he liolds a thunderbolt on his lap, ornamented with two 
 Corinthian capitals ; the 1. is raised, and lias held a scejitre. The head is of tlie usual 
 type, with thick curling liair, round wliicli is a wrtatli, the tie iianging over tlie r.
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 
 
 II 
 
 shoulder. He wears sandals, and a himation round the lower part of the body, the 
 end caught up over the 1. shoulder ; his feet rest on a stool. Plate VI. 
 
 Ht. 7-2 cm. Purchased 1919 ; formerly in the possession of 
 Lord Home. From the style and condition of the statuette it is 
 almost certain that it formed part of the Macon find. The 
 drapery, wreath-tie, laces of sandals, and thunderbolt are gilded. 
 
 36. Zeus, seated. In his raised r. hand he has held a sceptre ; 
 the 1. rests on his knee. Benign type of features ; himation 
 over r. leg, twisted round the waist, and caught up at the 
 back on 1. shoulder. On the himation, remains of gilding ; 
 the seat is flat, and there is also a flat support for the feet. 
 
 Ht. 6-3 cm. Castellani, 1872. In good condition. 
 
 37. Head of Apollo or Woman. Looks upwards ; richly curling 
 hair. 
 
 Ht. I • 5 cm. Broken from a figure. 
 
 Fig. 7 ^ No. 36. 
 
 Fig. 8 = No. 37. 
 
 38. Aphrodite. Cnidian type ; she stands holding out r. hand with open 
 
 palm, and 1. hand before pubes ; she wears a bracelet on 1. wrist, and 
 
 round the neck a tore with pearl pendant (modern) ; her hair is 
 
 gathered in a bow at the top of the head and in a knot at the nape 
 
 of the neck. 
 
 Ht. i2'7 cm., with ancient bronze base 15-5 cm. Hertz Coll., 1859 {Cat., 154). Cat. of 
 Bronzes, No. 1105 ; Bernoulli, Aphrodite, p. 218, No. 16. Surface largely broken away, 
 especially on body and legs ; fingers of right hand broken. 
 
 39. Aphrodite. Stands on small square base, looking down to her 1., with hands raised ; 
 her hair is knotted at the nape of the neck, with curls falhng on the shoulders, and 
 round her lower limbs is drapery knotted in front of the pubes. 
 
 Ht. 3-3 cm. Castellani, 1872. Both hands wanting. 
 
 40. Aphrodite. Stands on the top of a column (now wanting), with r. hand by her side 
 and 1. raised, holding some object ; she is nude, with hair knotted at the back. 
 
 Ht. 2-8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. {MS. Cat. xc. 7). Somewhat worn and indistinct. 
 
 41. Aphrodite and Eros. Aphrodite stands with 1. leg bent and 1. hand raised, looking 
 down at Eros on her r. and placing r. hand on his head ; he grasps her r. leg with 
 both hands. The goddess is nude ; her hair is parted and waved. 
 
 Ht. 23 cm. 
 
 42. Eros. He stands with 1. leg bent and face upturned, holding up a cup in r. hand and 
 
 supporting the r. arm with the 1. He has small wings, and his hair is waved in thick 
 masses round his face. 
 
 Ht. II '5 cm. Coarse work and in poor condition.
 
 13 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 Fig. 9 
 
 43. Infant Dionysos. He has a chubbj' face and short curlj' hair ; he sits with body 
 inchncd to his 1., 1. leg bent up and r. foot thrust out, looking round to his r. In 
 his arms he holds a binich of grapes. Moulded base, circular above, 
 octagonal below. Plate VII. 
 
 Ht. 9-5 cm. Cairo, 1894. In bad condition, surface much corroded. 
 
 44. Isis. She holds in 1. hand a cornucopia, and in the r. a patera, from 
 which a serpent feeds, and a steering-oar. Her hair is parted and 
 knotted at the back, and she wears a sphendone, a calathos sur- 
 mounted by a crescent enclosing the lunar disc, between feathers, 
 long chiton, and himation over 1. shoulder. 
 
 Ht. 5-5 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. Well modelled and in fine condition. 
 Cf. the bronze types [Cat. 1456 ff.). 
 
 45. Isis, similar. She stands with r. foot drawn back, and holds a 
 cornucopia and a steering-oar (?) in 1. hand ; the attribute in the 
 r. is wanting. Head-dress broken awaj' ; wears sphendone {?), long chiton knotted 
 on the breast in the nodus Isiaciis, and himation veiling the head and falling in folds 
 down to the r. knee. 
 
 Ht. 4-8 cm. Blacas Coll. 1867. In poor condition. 
 
 46. Isis. She stands on a small plinth, holding a stecring-oar (?) in 1. hand ; her hair is 
 parted and knotted at the nape of the neck, and she wears a head-dress consisting of 
 the lunar disc between feathers, long chiton, and himation over 1. shoulder. 
 
 Ht. 3-6 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. Right fore-arm wanting. 
 
 47. Harpocrates. He stands on a small plinth, with r. fore-iinger 
 ])lai:c(l on his mouth, and a cornucopia in 1. hand ; he has small 
 wings, and wears on his head the crowns of the North and South 
 with a crescent in front ; drapery hangs over his 1. shoulder. At 
 his r. side a dog is seated, which tmns its head round towards him ; 
 on the 1. is a tree-trunk round which is twisted a serpent, and 
 beyond this is a seated eagle. 
 
 Ht. 2-3 cm. Perugia, 1873. Cf. the bronze types [Cat. 1473 tf.). 
 
 Fig. TO = No. 47. 
 
 48. Harpocrates (?). .\ nude childish figure standing with 1. leg bent on a small plinth ; 
 iiair ti((l in a Ijow on top of head ; some object slung over r. shoulder ; ring at back 
 for suspension. 
 
 Ht. 2'6 cm. Found near Mt. Vesuvius. Payne Knight Coll. (.\liii. 0). .'\nns wanting. 
 
 49. Harpocrates. He stands with 1. leg bent, placing r. fore-finger (broken) on his 
 nioutii ; the 1. seems to have held some object. He is winged, and has thickly- 
 curling hair, surmounted by a crescent, and in it is intertwined a wreath. .\ delicately- 
 wrought gold chain crosses his figure in frunt and passes through a loop .it (lie hack,
 
 ROMAN SILVKR WORK. 1 3 
 
 to which a gold hoop of twisted wire is also attached. At his feet arc a dog, a bird, 
 and a tortoise, and at his 1. side is a tree-stem (?) ; the bird has a gold ring round its 
 neck. PLATE V. 
 
 Ht. 7 cm. Found in digging tlie foundations of the new London Bridge, i Nov., 1825. 
 Presented by Messrs. Rundcll and Bridge, 1825 ; Roach Smith, 111. Rom. Land., p. 73, 
 pi. 22 ; .\llen, Hisl. of London, i., p. 32 (plate) ; Victoria County Hist, of London, i., p. log, 
 fig. 48. 
 
 50. Abundantia (?), small figure of, forming an amulet. She has a cornucopia in 1. hand, 
 and wears a calathos, long girt chiton, and himation round lower limbs. Ring at 
 back ; small base. 
 
 Ht. 3 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. Right hand wanting. 
 
 51. Goddess, enthroned. She is seated in chair with high straight back but no arms, 
 on a high open base ; she wears a long chiton and himation over her knees, and holds 
 in 1. hand a cornucopia. 
 
 Ht. 3 cm. Very indistinct ; features nearly obliterated ; right fore-arm lost. 
 
 Fig. I r = No. 50. 
 
 No. 53. 
 
 / 
 
 Fig. 13 = No. 54. 
 
 52. Goddess. She stands on a small phnth, looking to her 1., and holding a crescent- 
 shaped object in r. hand ; her hair is waved in front and knotted up on the crown 
 of the head ; over her r. shoulder and round her lower limbs is a himation, the edge 
 of which she draws forward with 1. hand. 
 
 Ht. 2-5 cm. 
 
 53. Seilenos with infant Dionysos (?). He moves to 1., with face to front, carrying the 
 child face outwards on his r. arm. ; he grasps it round the waist with r. hand and 
 holds its feet (now broken away) in his r. arm. Small base. 
 
 Ht. 2-5 cm. 
 
 54. Amazon. Wears high-crested helmet and short girt chiton twisted up round the 
 
 waist ; shield on 1. arm. 
 
 Ht. 5 cm. Blacas Coll., 1S67. In poor condition ; feet and right arm wanting, and 
 helmet and shield injured.
 
 14 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 55. Shepherd. .A. bo\-ish figure, standing with r. foot drawn back ; 
 he has short hair, and wears a chlamys fastened over the shoulders, 
 a chiton reaching to the knees, and high boots leaving the toes bare. 
 In 1. hand he holds a bottle of skin suspended from the shoulder, and 
 at the back, suspended from the brooch which fastens 'the chlamys, 
 is a large bag or pouch of skin, in which is a sheep (head and fore- 
 legs visible). Plate VI. 
 
 Ht. 8 cm. Blacas ColL, 1867. Right hand broken away ; otherwise 
 in good condition. 
 
 56. Woman Dancing. She stands on tiptoe with legs close together ; 
 
 her hair is waved and knotted at the back, and she wears a long 
 chiton with overfold, the skirt of which she holds up with her 
 hands on either side. 
 
 Ht. 5-5 cm. Blacas Coll., 1867. 
 
 57. Head of Cow. Horns curved round in front, nearly meeting. 
 
 Length 2-3 cm. From Kertch. Presented by Dr. Duncan 
 Macpherson, 1856. Well modelled ; hollow. 
 
 58. Ram to right ; body stippled all over. 
 
 Length 2-5 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxiii. 2). Two feet missing. 
 
 59. Head of Dog (?) Thick hair like a mane below the ears, which 
 
 project each side ; broken off from a complete figure. 
 
 Ht. 3-8cm. Length 5 cm. Towneley Coll. (?). Surface somewhat 
 corroded. 
 
 60. Mouse, seated on liind-lcgs on a small plinth, eating a fruit or 
 other object. 
 
 Length 3-3 cm. Cf. the bronze types (Cat. 1859 ff.). 
 
 6L Cock, on a small plinth, with head raised and beak open, as il 
 crowing. 
 
 Ht. 2-4 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (xxi. 2). 
 
 (2) RiaJEFS (62-71). 
 
 62. Medallion with Head of Zeus. Within a moulded rim, in 
 very high repouss^ relief ; head of the Otricoli lyjie, with face 
 turned slightly to his 1. ; hair in thick Icimine masses of curls, 
 and thick curly beard. 
 
 Diam. 11-5 cm. Greece, 1912. Lower edge broken away. 
 
 63. Head of Herakles, in repousse relief. Beardless ; lion's skin 
 
 drawn over head as a cap, with paws knotted under chin. 
 
 Ht. 2'5cm. Acquired 1854. Good work and in fine condition, 
 but left side injured. 
 
 Fig. 14 = No. 35. 
 
 Fig. 15 = No. 56. 
 
 Kig. 16 = No. 63.
 
 ROMAN .SILVER WORK. 
 
 64. Mask of Medusa. In repousse relief ; late beautiful type ; small wings over 
 temples ; hair parted and falling in rich curls down each side of the face, and serpents 
 knotted under the chin. Plate VII 
 
 Ht. 8-40111. Diam. yscm. Purchased in Rome ; pre- 
 sented by G. Buchan Simpson, Esq., 1873. In good 
 condition. 
 
 65. Medallion. Within a border of beads, bust of 
 Athena (?) with face turned slightly to her 1. ; winged 
 helmet with crest, and drapery on bust. 
 
 Diam. 3-3 cm. Very rough late work ; broken across. 
 
 66. Medallion in pear-shaped setting, with plinth below, 
 on a thin plate of silver. Within a double cable- 
 border, relief of Hermes to 1., nude, with short curly 
 hair ; in r. hand he holds out a purse and in 1. a 
 caduceus. At his side and at his feet are a cock to 
 r. and a ram to 1. (both very rude). Below, forming terminations to the cable-borders, 
 are two beardless masks (? the Dioscuri), and between them a bunch of grapes. 
 
 Ht. 2-4 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 73). Given to Payne Knight by Sir R. Worsley. 
 
 67. Medallion with relief. Dionysos and Ariadne : Dionysos is seated to 1., leaning 
 against Ariadne and turning round to look up at her ; his r. hand is placed on his 
 head. Ariadne is seated to the front, but looks round at Dionysos ; she grasps his 1. 
 
 Fig. 19 = N 
 
 Fig. 20 = No. 6S. 
 
 arm with her 1., and places r. arm round his neck. Dionysos has a himation over his 
 lower limbs, and Ariadne wears a long chiton. On the 1. a Seilenos with draperj' 
 twisted round his lower limbs, holds out r. hand to them ; in 1. hand he holds a 
 thyrsus. In the background are vine-tendrils with bunches of grapes. 
 Diam. 2-5 cm. 
 
 68. Medallion, set in an ivory stud. Head of Helios (?) to the front, beardless and 
 radiated, with drapery on bust ; behind him the ends of wings (?) are visible. Round 
 the edge of the stud is a cable-mo Ldding. 
 Diam. 3-3 cm. Corfu, 1S65.
 
 i6 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 Fig. ii = No. 69. 
 
 69. Medallion. Within a moulded rim and border of stamped 
 dots, Achilles seated on a rock to 1., with face turned to 
 front, fastening a sandal on his r. foot ; chlamj's over 
 shoulders. Before him is a column on which is a crested 
 helmet ; from it are suspended his shield, sword, and spear. 
 
 Diam. 2-S cm. Acquired 1894. 
 
 70. Cover of Mirror-Case. The cover is of polished silver, 
 and in it is set a niodallion with design in relief represent- 
 ing a revel of Dionysos, Eros, and Seilenos ; round the 
 design is a band of engraved wave-pattern between rings 
 of beading and of punctured dots. The three figures are represented dancing, facing 
 to the front ; in the middle is Dionysos, who, with r. foot drawn back, looks round 
 at Eros on his 1., and places an arm on the shoulder of each companion. Dionj'sos 
 wears high boots and a wreath \vith ribbons falling over his shoulders. Eros, whose 
 r. leg is raised, places his r. hand behind Dionysos' back ; he wears a wreath round 
 his head, and holds a torch in 1. hand. The Seilenos on the 1. plays the double flutes, 
 and wears a wreath and a skin over his shoulders. Plate VIII. 
 
 Diam. i3-7cm. From Aquileia. Castellani, 1866 (Sa/« Cn/. No. 345). Compare a similar 
 mirror-case from an Etruscan tomb of the third century r.c, now at Boston, Amer. Jotirn. 
 of Arch. 1918, p. 258. 
 
 71. Medallion, from cover of mirror-case, with repousse and engra\-ed design in high 
 
 relief. Toilet of Aphrodite : The goddess is seated to 1. on a rock strewn with 
 
 flowers, looking back ; her 1. hand is placed on a tortoise lying on the rock, and with 
 
 the r. she takes ointment (?) from a shell held out by a female figure who stands 
 
 facing her. Her hair is plaited along the top of the head and knotted up at the 
 
 back, with long curls falling on the shoulders ; she wears bracelets and a himation 
 
 round lower limbs, twisted up over the thighs, the edge being weighted down. 
 
 The female figure, apparently a statue, stands on a plinth or altar with moulded 
 
 cornice, on the front of which are a wreath and festoon ; her hair is arranged like 
 
 Aphrodite's, and she wears a long girt chiton with over-fold and vandyked lower 
 
 border. On the r. is Eros facing to the front, nude, holding a conical wicker basket 
 
 with both hands on his head ; no wings are visible. Beyond him is a quadrilateral 
 
 object (incised) ; beyond the woman a thyrsus, and below Aphrodite a doljiliin to 1. 
 
 In the field are also a butterfly and a four-petalled flower ; in the e.xergue of the 
 
 design are Pan's-pipes, a crow between two stars, a grasshopper, and a lyre. All the 
 
 objects in the field are incised. 
 
 Diam. 9-3 cm. From Tarentum. Formerly in possession of H. Vint of Colchester; 
 acquired 1853. Archacologia, xxxiv. pi. 21, p, 265 H. ; Wallers, Art of the Greeks, pi. iii. 
 Bernoulli, Aphrodite, p. 385. Kim injured in places. 
 
 (3) VASES (72--93)- 
 
 72. Bowl or Cup. Hemispherical, with plain rim. Round the exterior, a frieze with 
 ring of beads above and below : Eight cranes in pairs, divided by four trees, each of
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 
 
 17 
 
 two twisted or branching stems : (i) Two cranes confronted, devouring a water- 
 serpent between them ; below, two plants. (2) Crane to r. with head bent round, 
 biting its 1. leg, and another to front, with head downwards, biting r. foot. (3) Crane 
 to r. biting a serpent coiled on the ground, and another to 1. with r. foot raised, about 
 to pounce on another serpent on the ground with its beak. (4) Two cranes con- 
 fronted, the one on the 1. with head raised, the other with head downwards, each 
 devouring part of a serpent ; between them, a plant. Plate XII. 
 
 Ht. 5-6 cm. Diam. 9-7 cm. Boocke Sale, 1856 (Lot 157) ; formerly in Fejervary 
 Coll. (Cat. 250). Mon. dell' Inst. 1854, p. 90, No. 20 ; Monum. Plot, v. p. 219. Bottom 
 broken or cut away. For the subject compare the Boscoreale cup [Monum. Plot, v. 
 
 Fig. 22 = No. 71. 
 
 pis. 11-12) ; Babelon, Trcsor de Bevthouville, pi. 22 ; a vase from Hadrian's villa in the 
 Museo delleTerme at Rome (Helbig-Reisch, Ffihrer'^, ii. No. 1324); Wiegand, Priene, p. 418 ; 
 the Ateius vase at Mainz (Proc. Camb. Antiq. Soc. No. 48 (1907), pi. 5, p. 112) ; Dechelette, 
 Vases de la Gaiile romaine, i. p. 235, and ii. p. 146, Nos. 989, 990. Probably dates from 
 the first half of the first century after Christ. 
 
 73. Trulla. Shallow bowl, the interior ornamented with curved flutings ; in the centre 
 is a medallion with a group of the Three Graces, of the usual type (as No. 132), 
 nude, with arms round each other's necks ; details indistinct. Handle with trilobe 
 termination (as No. 135), prolonged on either side at base along the rim of the bowl 
 
 C
 
 1 8 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 in the form of a swan's head, behind which on each side is a dog with face to the 
 front, seizing a hare by its hind-qiiarters. On the base of the handle are two gilt 
 rosettes within tendrils. On the top of the handle is a bust of Juno or Diana in 
 relief, to the front, with hair falling in curls on the shoulders, wearing sphendone, and 
 gilt draper}- over 1. shoulder ; along the edge of the bust, four rosettes ; on either 
 side is the head of an eagle in relief. 
 
 The middle part of the handle is occupied by a design in relief representing Mars 
 and Rea Silvia : ]\Iars stands with face to front and 1. leg crossed over r., looking 
 down to his 1. at the sleeping figure of Rea ; he is represented like the Greek Ares, 
 with Corinthian helmet, chlamys over 1. arm, spear in r. hand, and circular shield. 
 Rea lies on her back with r. arm over her head and knees drawn up, 1. hand on the 
 ground ; over her head hovers a Cupid, and on the 1. another Cupid withdraws the 
 drapery from her body, disclosing her form to Mars. Plate IX. 
 
 Diam. 13- 7 cm. Length of handle, 4 in. Syria, 1902. Bull, de la Soc. des Antiqs. de 
 France, 1902, p. 150. Part of the bowl, which is very thin, is broken away. The main 
 design is gilded over in places. 
 
 For the subject compare coins of Antoninus Pius and Gallienus and B.M. Cat. of Gems, 
 No. 1693 ; for the sleeping figure of Rea the type of the \'atican Ariadne has been adopted. 
 See Roscher, Lexikon, s.v. Rea, p. 63, where a list of monuments is given, but this is omitted; 
 also R. Rochette, Mon. Ini'd. pis. 7-9, p. 30 ; Memorie deW Inst. ii. p. 143 ; Bonner 
 Jahrhiicher, i. p. 45, pis. 1-2 ; K. O. Mueller, Arch. d. Kunst, p. 575^ §373 ; Helbig, 
 Untersuch. i/ber d.Cainp. Wandm., p. 6; Arch.-epigr. Mitteil. aus Oesterr. xiii. (1890), p. 
 59 ff. The story is told in Ovid, Fasti, iii. 20 ff. ; Stat. Silv. i. 2, 243 ; cf. Juv. xi. 106 n. 
 
 74. Situla (Form 6). Straight-sided, curving inwards at base, with low broad foot ; 
 on the rim are two attachments, each pierced wdth a hole through which pass the 
 hooks terminating the handle ; the latter is twisted like a tore, and is movable ; 
 the hooks end in bud-shaped knobs. Rim moulded on exterior, with band of beads. 
 Round the exterior is a frieze representing the Four Seasons : (i) Spring seated 
 sidewaj's on the back of a panther moving to 1., her legs towards its tail, looking over 
 her r. shoulder ; her hair is parted and waved, and wreathed with flowers ; over her 
 legs is a himation, caught up over her r. arm and arched over her head, the 
 ends being caught and held out with her 1. hand ; in r. hand she holds a spray with 
 two flowers. In front of the panthir is a tall basket full of flowers, above which 
 hovers a winged Genius wreathed with llowers, flying to 1., and holding witli lioth 
 hands drapery which is twisted round his waist and flies out behind. [On the 1. of 
 this, part of the vase is broken away.] On the r. are two Genii, one above the other ; 
 the former, who is winged, flies towards Spring, holding out a sash (?) in bolh iiands ; 
 the other (unwinged) looks upwards and carries a kid cm iiis shdulders ; drajiery floats 
 behind him. 
 
 (2) Summer M-atfd on a bull, i)olli la( ing to r., the bull also seated. Sununer's 
 hair is knotted up at the back, with tresses falling on the siiouldiTs, and 
 in it arc ears of corn ; over lur lower limbs is a himation, forming an arch behind 
 her, the end caught round her I. arm. ilir r. hanil rests on the bull's liindipiarters, 
 and in the 1. she holds ears of corn. Behind her are two (ienii ; the u])|Hr one 
 'unwinged) moves to !., looking back, holding lUapery with both hands, which waves
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORIC. 
 
 over his head. The other (winged) is to r., and holds a sickle in r. 
 hand and a winnowing-fan (?) in 1. ; over his shoulders is drapery. 
 
 (3) Autumn reclining on the back of a panther which moves to 1., 
 looking round to her r. ; she wears a vine-wreath round her hair, which 
 falls in tresses on her shoulders ; round her lower limbs and over her 
 arms is a mantle, the edge of which she holds with r. hand. In her 
 r. hand is also a vine-branch with a bunch of grapes, and in 1. a basket 
 full of grapes and other fruit, her 1. knee being drawn up to support 
 it. Before the panther a Genius (winged) advances, looking round, 
 with drapery over his shoulders ; his 1. hand is raised, and with the r. 
 he holds a flat basket of fruit (see below) on his head. On the r. a 
 winged Genius hovers above, holding a bunch of grapes on a stalk in 
 r. hand ; on the ground-level is a similar figure holding the panther's 
 tail with 1., the r. hand being raised to urge it on. Both have 
 drapery over the shoulders ; the last-named raises his r. hand, 
 apparently threatening the Genius in front for having stolen his 
 basket. 
 
 (4) Winter, an elderly woman, is seated on the back of a reclining 
 boar, with r. hand on its hind-quarters, wearing long chiton, and 
 himation wrapped round her body and over her head. Behind her 
 head is a Genius wearing a hooded cloak (cuciiUus), carrying a shepherd's 
 crook in 1. hand and two birds by the legs in r. Before her is visible the 
 head of another Genius (winged) on a higher level. All this group is 
 much damaged. 
 
 Below the main design is a narrow frieze of four Cupids (in two 
 groups) riding over the sea on marine monsters : The first is on a sea-lion 
 with long coiled tail ; the second, facing, on a sea-horse ; between 
 them, a scallop-shell, and on the r., fore-part of a large dolphin to 1. 
 The other group is similar, with an anchor between the Cupids and a 
 steering-oar on the r. The sea-monsters' tails have triple-pointed ter- 
 minations. The sea is indicated by fishes, dolphins, and shells at 
 intervals. PLS. X.-XI. 
 
 Ht. 18 cm. Diam. 20-6 cm. Found in 1842 at Tourdan near Vienne, 
 Isere, France. In the possession first of M. Gerard and afterwards of M. 
 Savignd ; bought 1859. T. C. Delorme, Notice siir itne-zfase antique en 
 argent dt'couvert dans les environs de Vienne (with plate ; reprinted from 
 Journal de Vienne, 29 Apr. 1843) ; Wieseler in Ann. dell' Inst., 1852, pi. L, 
 p. 216 ; S. Reinach, Repertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 473 ; Willers, Bronzeeimer 
 von Heminoor, p. 178, fig. 65; Bonner J alirb. 118, p. ig6. No. 67; Babelon, 
 Tresor de Berthouville, p. 62 ; Arch. Zeit. 1846, p. 358. The vase has been 
 damaged on the bottom and one side by the pick of the excavator, and 
 there is also a large hole obliterating part of group (4) of the main design ; 
 the walls are very thin except at top and base. \\'illers notes that this 
 type of situla is peculiar to Gaul. 
 
 The Seasons are not of the well-known ' New .^ttic ' type, as seen on 
 the Campana reliefs, the Arretine vase in the Brit. Mus. (L 54) and other 
 works of the Augustan age ; they may however be compared with the 
 paintings from the tomb of the Nasonii (Bartoli, Le Pitture antichi del 
 
 C 2 
 
 ')/'■ 
 
 .fr^ 
 
 y\ 
 
 ^:
 
 20 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 Sepolcro del Nasonii, pis. 22-25) '• see also the Wilton House sarcophagus (Robert, Ant. 
 Sarkophag-reliefs. iii. pi. 136, no. 432). The resting animals of Summer and Winter may be 
 intended to suggest the stationary position of the sun at the solstices, while the moving 
 panthers of Spring and Autumn indicate the activity of Nature at the equino.xes. On 
 the Horae generally in art, see Roscher, Lexikon, s.v. ; Hermaim, de Horanim figuris ; 
 Von Rohden and' Winnefeld, Antike Terrakotten, iv. pt. i, p. 89; Kohert, Ayitike 
 Sarkophag-Reliefs, ii. p. 3 ff. 
 
 75. Bowl. Form as Cat. of Roman Pottery, 
 pi. 42, No. 22, with vertical sides and 
 low foot. Round the exterior is a frieze 
 consisting of two groups di\'ided by 
 masks : (i) Stag running to r., pursued 
 by a dog, with a tree between ; on r., 
 a youthful male mask to 1. (2) Doe 
 running to 1., pursued by a dog, with 
 tree between ; on the r., head of woman to r., with hair knotted at back. Above 
 and below the design are double rows of beading. 
 
 Fig. 24/. = N,.. 75. 
 
 Ht. 2- 7 cm. Diam. 6-8 cm. Found at Valence, Dr6me, France, 1817. Comarmond 
 Coll., 1851. Bronze, plated with silver in the interior. For the style of decoration cf. 
 the Caubiac bowl. No. 139, and Bonner J ahrbiicher, 118, p. 190, fig. 3. 
 
 76. Vase. Globular body with flat base ; orifice about 23 mm. wide, with moulded rim ; 
 may have had a lid. Roimd the body is a frieze in relief, representing a fishing- 
 scene from the salt lakes of the Egyptian Delta : Beardless fisherman to r., with hat 
 and short loose chiton, holding a basket in r. hand and a string of fish in 1., his 1. leg 
 is wanting. In the field in front is a crab ; on the r., above, two fishes in high relief ; 
 below, duck to 1. standing on a fish, with head thrust out. Next is an elderly fisher- 
 man, bald and beardless, wearing loin-cloth, seated to 1. on a rock ; he holds a fishing- 
 rod in 1. hand, with a fish at the end of the line which he lifts with r. hand. On 
 his lap is an uncertain object, and at his feet a wicker basket with loop-handle ; in 
 the field, a shell. Behind him is a shallow basket with loop-handle of cord at each 
 end, in which is a fish ; below it, a cuttle-fish, head downwards. Next are two 
 large fishes, crossed, and another below ; beyond, a basket and a fish suspended. 
 
 Plate XII. 
 Ht. 5 cm. Egypt, 1902. Boniier Jahrb. 1 18, p. 180, No. 5 ; Journ. Hell. Stud. .\.\xiii. p. 216. 
 Cf. Schreiber, Alexandrin. Torcutili, p. 325, fig. 63, and for the fishermen cf. Dechelctte, 
 Vases de la Gallic, i. p. 237, ii. p. 91, types 556-559. 
 
 77. Patera (Form i). Low foot and moulded rim. In the interior, witliin a band of leaf- 
 pattern as No. 8 (developed from the ],esbian kymation) and rings oihcwX'^, rcpoiissr 
 design of Eros seated to 1. on the l)ack of a sea-monster, the n])l\niu(l luad <>l whieli 
 he strikes with a trident. Eros has curly hair and small wings ; the monster has a 
 combination of a wolf's and an- eagle's heads, with long snout or beak and long
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 
 
 21 
 
 ears ; its body is covered with circles and stippling, and its tail ends in a triple point. 
 Round the rim of the interior eight plants or trees are faintly incised. 
 
 On the exterior is an engraved design representing an Egyptian landscape : 
 The water of the Nile is indicated 
 by waves, in which is a Nile-boat, 
 with a man in it bending forward 
 to r. and plying a pole. In front 
 of him is a lotos-plant, and 
 beyond on r. a serpent rearing to 
 r., confronting a seated dog ; 
 between them and behind the 
 dog are lotos-plants, and three 
 more beyond. Next is a crocodile 
 to 1. in the background, and in 
 the field five lotos-plants ; beyond, 
 an ibis pecking the ground to 
 1., and three lotos-flowers, also 
 another object. All the flowers 
 seem to be the lotos, in different 
 stages of growth, or seen from 
 different points of view. 
 
 Plate VIII. 
 
 Diam. 12-5 cm. Asia Minor, 1894. 
 Very late style. For tlie Egyptian scenes cf. the terracotta reliefs such as D 633 ff. in 
 Brit. Mus., and Von Rohden and Winnefeld, Antike Terrakotten, iv. pt. i, p. 159 (with 
 reff. there given). -; 
 
 Fig. 25 = No. 77 fe.it.). 
 
 78. Flask. Long cylindrical neck, the mouth broken^away ; slender stem and small 
 foot ; body top-shaped. Round the neck, two gilt bands of ornament, vandyke- 
 pattem between rings of punctured dots, and wave-pattern between similar rings ; 
 round the stem long acanthus-leaves with points between, also gilt. Round the 
 shoulder, frieze of ox-skulls alternating with festoons, above which are four-petalled 
 flowers. Round the body, a frieze of figures representing a sacrifice to Artemis : 
 Woman to r., advancing 1. foot and holding out a lyre in r. hand ; her hair is knotted 
 at the back, and she wears bracelets, and himation (gilt) round her lower limbs. In 
 front of her is an altar, over which a nude beardless figure facing to the front holds 
 up a human mask or osciUum ' ; he wears a himation (gilt) twisted round his loins, 
 and appears to hft with his 1. a conventionally-treated fold of his drapery. The altar 
 is in the form of an Ionic capital with oval top ; it is gilded and punctured aU over 
 with dots. Behind the man is a tall jar with fluted rim and gilded body, round 
 which is a band of Vandyke pattern ; over this a woman (as the first one) to 1. holds 
 a female mask (with hair knotted at back) before her face ; from it hangs a tress of 
 hair. Next are a man as before facing to the front, with arms extended ; and a 
 
 Perhaps a substitute for a human sacrifice; cf. Macrobius, Snt. i. 7, 11.
 
 22 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 woman to the front looking to r., with r. hand by her side ; her hair is knotted up, 
 with a fillet round it, and she wears long girt chiton with overfold ; in 1. hand she 
 holds up some object. Ne.xt is a woman to r. with both hands extended ; hair as 
 last, and himation round lower limbs with a fold caught up over 1. arm ; beyond her 
 is a piece of conventional drapery (?). Plate XIII. 
 
 Ht. 12-2 cm. Castellani, 1865. Very coarse late style, with much gilding. 
 
 79. Amphora. Elongated body, narrowing slightly at neck, with slightly projecting 
 lip. The handles are of scroll-form, and are ornamented with vine-leaves and grapes 
 in relief (some of the leaves gilt) ; they ha\'e diamond-shaped terminations on which 
 are gilt vine-leaves, with gilt lozenges in the angles. Round the neck is an ivy- 
 wreath with berries ; round the body, a scroll of vine-pattern with leaves and grapes ; 
 the berries and leaves are gilt in both cases. Plate XIII. 
 
 Ht. II cm. Castellani, 1872. \\ell executed and in good condition. 
 
 80. Jar. Form as No. 11 ; body nearly spherical, narrowing at neck, with spreading 
 lip ; no foot or handle. Round the shoulder, Lesbian kymation with gilt edges on a 
 stippled background ; round the body (below the widest part) a narrow wreath tied 
 round at intervals between two bands of beads. Underneath the base, a rosette of 
 eight narrow leaves with wavy tendrils between, on a sti])pled background. 
 
 Plate XIII. 
 
 Ht. 8-1 cm. Athens, 1895. Walters, Art of the Greeks, pi. iii. In fine condition ; very 
 thin at lip. 
 
 81. Jar. Ovoid bodj' with moulded ring of beads at base of neck, low 
 foot, and spreading mouth ; round the inside of the hp is a double 
 ring. 
 
 Ht. 10-3 cm. From Coimbra, Portugal. Presented by J. Henderson, 
 Esq., 1870. Somewhat injured, and distorted in shape ; thin walls. 
 Apparently made in two pieces and joined at base of neck. With the 
 vase were found six Roman denarii, two of the gens Iidia, one each of 
 the gentes Caipurnia, Claudia, and Marcia, and one of C. Julius Caesar 
 (B.C. 50-49 ; see Grueber, Cat. of Roman Coins, ii. p. 390). 
 
 82. Bowl. Deep form with vertical sides and no handle ; 
 walls very thin. The exterior is ornamented with 
 rcpoiissc' patterns of vine-leaves and tendrils, very well 
 executed ; the foliage is gilded throughout. 
 
 Plate XI. 
 
 Ht. 9-3 cm. Diam. 14-7 cm. Blacas Coll., 1807. Some- 
 what injured and distorted. 
 
 83. Bowl. Shallow form, witlumt foot or handles (cf. No. 
 327) ; moulded rim, and ring round centre of interior, 
 which is highly polished. 
 
 Ht. 6 cm. Diam. 18-4 cm. In good condition. Kit j7=No
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 
 
 The under-side 
 
 84. Bowl. Ellipsoidal in form with high rim curving outwards, and no foot. Round 
 the upper part of the l^ody, band of Lesbian kymation; below, tongue-pattern with 
 darts between; on the base, moulded concentric 
 rings. 
 
 Ht. 5-6 cm. Diam, at mouth 8-75 cm. Much injured 
 and corroded. 
 
 85. Bowl. Bronze, silver-plated ; form nearly as Cat. of 
 Roman Pottery, pi. 41, fig. 8, with moulded rim, 
 straight sides, and no foot. 
 
 Ht. 7 cm. Diam. 16 cm. From France. Morel Coll., 
 1904. One side damaged, being split along the lower edge of the bowl. 
 of the bowl is not silver-plated, but has a good patina. 
 
 86. Dish [Lanx). Oval shape with plain 
 rim ; at each end a flat ornamental 
 handle-piece with irregularly-cut out- 
 line, pierced with a hole for suspension. 
 
 Length 30 cm. From Egypt. Pre- 
 sented by G. Willoughby Fraser, Esq., 
 1892. Much corroded throughout ; traces 
 of fire on under side. 
 
 87. Square Dish. Low foot ; circular depression in centre (31 cm. diam.) ; rim bent 
 over outwards. Along the rim are large knobs or beads, punched out from below ; 
 within these are, on opposite sides : (i) scrolls with feathery leaves ; (2) a band of 
 tongue-pattern with straight-sided terminations between two wreaths (for which 
 compare Cat. of Roman Pottery, pi. 33, No. 12) ; in the angles are triangles of engraved 
 scale or feather patterns. Li the centre is a circle of similar scale or feather pattern 
 enclosed by concentric circles, and within this is a band of similar circles. 
 
 PLATE XIV. 
 
 Dimensions 37 '5 x 37 '5 cm. Weight 69 oz. (2150 grammes). Found in December 
 1839 at Second Alder Carr between Mileham and Longham, near East Dereham, Norfolk. 
 Archaeologia, xxix. p. 389, pi. 42 ; Arch. Journ. xlvi. p. 340 ; Victoria County Hist, of 
 Norfolk, i. p. 310, with plate (fig. 24). Surface damaged and broken in two places ; rim 
 also broken at one corner. For the row of knobs along the rim compare several of the 
 fragments of silver vases recently found near Whittinghame in 
 Scotland, of late Roman date {Antiquaries Journal, i., Jan. 1921, 
 P- 43)- 
 
 88. Lekythos. Flattened body with cylindrical neck, into which 
 
 is fitted a cylindrical stopper with top in form of flat disc 
 
 with raised knob in centre; no handle. Round the neck, 
 
 pairs of incised rings, and underneath the body pairs of incised 
 
 concentric circles. 
 
 Ht. 6- 5 cm. From Bordighera. Presented by J. A. Goodcliild, 
 Esq., 1885. In good condition except base, the surface of which is 
 much damaged. Fig. 30 = No,
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 89. Alabastron. Usual form, with straight-sided body, 
 small ears ; contains blue pigment (silicate of copper). 
 
 Ht. 5-5 cm. Eretria, 1894. Surface much corroded. 
 
 wide lip, and 
 
 a small orifice for 
 The whole is of 
 
 : No. So. 
 
 90. Ink-pot. Cylindrical, the top closed in except for 
 filling, to which a lid has been attached by a hinge, 
 bronze, the surface being covered with niello, in which the decoration 
 is inlaid in gilt and silver. The rim of the orifice and hinge of lid are 
 silver ; the patterns round this, consisting of an i\y-wrcath between two ^'b-3' = 
 rings of wave-pattern, are gilt. 
 
 Round the body is a frieze of figures with scenes from the 
 story of Telephos, with a double band of wave-pattern abo\e 
 and below ; the whole is inlaid in silver, except the drapery, 
 which is in niello, with details in silver, (i) Herakles seated 
 on a rock to 1., turning round to r., with r. leg bent under 
 the 1., 1. hand resting on the rock, and r. hand extended ; he is 
 bearded, and behind him is drapery. (2) The hind which 
 suckled Telephos, standing to r., with head turned round to 
 
 
 Fig. 32rt = No. go. 
 
 Fig. 32/' = No. t;o. 
 
 1. ; her attitude is that of the scenes where she is actually suckhng the child [cf. 
 Campana, Ant. opere in Plasl. pi. 25), but there are no traces of the other figure here. 
 (3) A young man, perhaps Telephos, seated to r., turning round to 1., and holding 
 a large branch in r. hand ; under him is drapery, twisted round his 1. knee. (4) A 
 woman, perhaps his wife Astyoche, seated in back view, with head turned to 1., 
 and 1. hand raised ; her hair is knotted at the back, and under her is drapery. 
 The scene is bounded at each end liy vertical lines. Underneath are moulded 
 concentric circles 
 
 Ht. 4 cm. Acfjiiircd at Count Milano's sale, 1853. Bttll. Arch. Nap., ist ser. pi. 7, 
 fig. 5, p. 121 ; Koschcr, l.e.xikon, iv. p. 300. Silver worn away in parts, especiallv on the 
 figures of Telephos and Astyoche, On the .subject see also Jahn, Telephos und' Troths, 
 p. 6 ff. and Arch. Aiifs. p. 224 ; Arch. Zeit. 1882, p. 257 ; Roscher,Z.e^i7fo«, i. p. 2247 ; Von 
 Kohden and \\"\nnclQ\d,Anlike Terrakollen. iv. pi. 127, fig. 2, p. 96. I-'or tlie jiattcrns on 
 the top, cf. Bluemrier, Technologic, iv. p. 273, fig. 32.
 
 ROMAN SILVER WORK. 
 
 25 
 
 
 91. Ink-pot, similar. Except for the main subject, similar in all respects to the preceding, 
 
 with which it forms a pair ; the two were perhaps originally united, like the ink-pots 
 
 illustrated in Museo Borhonico, i. pi. 12. 
 
 Frieze of figures from the story of Telephos, perhaps representing the combat of 
 
 his son Eurypylos with Neop- 
 
 tolemos [Od. xi. 519) : (i) 
 
 Neoptolemos, wearing crested 
 
 helmet, cuirass, and boots, with 
 
 sword in r. hand and shield 
 
 on 1. arm advances to attack 
 
 Eurypylos, who is similarly 
 
 armed. (2) A woman, perhaps 
 
 Cassandra (to whom Eurypylos 
 
 was betrothed) rushing towards 
 
 the combatants with raised 
 
 arms and flying hair ; she 
 
 wears a long chiton, and over her arms is a scarf. (3) A man (perhaps Telephos) 
 
 seated in back view to r. on a rock, looking round ; his r. hand is raised, and his 
 
 1. rests on the rock, over which is drapery. 
 
 Ht. 4 cm. Similarly acquired. BuU. Arch. Nap., ist ser. pi. 7, fig. 5. P- 121. Silver 
 worn away in places, especially on the figures (2) and (3). The shields and boots of the 
 combatants, the cuirass of Neoptolemos, and the drapery of the other figures are inlaid 
 in niello, with details in silver, the rest of the design in silver, with 
 carefully-incised details. 
 
 92. Ink-pot (?). Cylindrical, swelhng out at top, with separate lid. 
 Polished surface ; round the sides and on the lid are engraved 
 pairs of rings. 
 
 \ST£iT9T3l9^^to^g)X9^TPTai9T5T5te^E)TS)T£>^T9g)T9T9feToTsTotolDT!>N 
 
 ' Fig. j3 = No. 91. 
 
 Ht. &• 5 cm. From Cologne. 
 Much injured at base. 
 
 Presented by A. W. Franks, Esq., 187S 
 
 93. Shell (?). Oval form, surrounded by a flat rim, the base of the 
 shell broken away ; on the rim is engraved a Vandyke pattern. In 
 the centre a design in repousse relief : Two dolphins plunging down- 
 wards, their heads to- 
 gether ; in the field, 
 which is covered with 
 punctured dots, five 
 pairs of crescent-shaped 
 objects. On the 1. are 
 also a trident and two 
 elongated objects, crossed 
 at an acute angle ; one 
 ends in a sort of double 
 triangular blade, and each 
 is divided at intervals Fig. 35 = ko. „. 
 
 Fig. 34 = No. 92.
 
 26 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 by mouldings ; possibly they are weapons used for catching fish [cf. the arilSapi] 
 SoKi<; described by Oppian, Halieut. iv. 531). 
 
 Length 17-2 cm. Castellani, 1884 (Sale Cat., Paris, No. 199). 
 injured by fire ; remains of gilding. 
 
 One side apparently 
 
 (4) MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS (94-118)- 
 
 94. Spoon (Type A, Fig. 36). Large egg-shaped bowl, slightly concave, with plain flat rim, 
 
 the pointed end being away from the handle. Handle ending in a ' keel ' under the 
 
 bowl, and then turning over in a volute-form, to which is attached a double volute 
 
 or calyx, the rest of the stem being elaborately moulded. 
 
 Length 18-5 cm. Purchased in Egj-pt by Prof. W. M. Flinders Petrie ; acquired 1907. 
 Bowl somewhat corroded. On the subject of ancient spoons in general see Jackson in 
 Archaeologia, Uii. p. 107 ff. 
 
 Fig. 36. Spoons (Types A-K). 
 
 95. Spoon (Type A). Egg-shaped bowl as the last, but no rim ; plain handle, joined to 
 the bowl by a curved piece at right angles to the stem, and terminating at the other 
 end in a horse's hoof. 
 
 Length 14' 3 cm. 
 liii. p. 112, fig. 24. 
 
 Bequeathed by Sir W. Temple, 1S56. Compare Archaeologia,
 
 MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS. 
 
 27 
 
 96. Spoon, similar. 
 
 Length 15 cm. Bowl broken in three pieces. Bequeathed by Sir W. Temple, 1856. 
 
 97. Spoon (Type B). Bowl as No. 94, but smaller ; handle ending on bowl in a curved 
 piece at right angles to the stem, which is moulded at each end, the middle part 
 being octagonal in section. On the handle is incised MER. 
 
 Length 16-2 cm. Presented by Miss Preston, 1899. Part of bowl wanting. 
 
 98. Spoon (Type B). Small egg-shaped bowl, the pointed end towards the handle ; 
 concave, with plain rim. Handle as last, but only moulded at the end near the 
 bowl, the other end being pointed. 
 
 Length 13-5 cm. Presented by Miss Preston, 1899. Point of handle broken. 
 
 100 
 
 Fig. 37. Spoons (Types C-D). 
 
 99. Spoon. SimOar, but no rim to bowl, which is polished. 
 
 Length 15 cm. From France. Morel Coll., 1904. 
 
 100. Spoon (Type C). Bowl of shovel shape with rounded end, concave, with rim 
 
 somewhat bent up. Handle as No. 98, but no mouldings on stem. 
 
 I Length 15 cm. Towneley Coll. Part of bowl broken away. For the type c/. the Etruscan 
 
 • spoon No. 20.
 
 28 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 101. Spoon ^Typ>e D). Small circular concave bowl ; handle in form of duck's head, 
 turned away from the bowl, from the mouth of which issues a long stem ending in 
 the head of another bird (?) with small head and long narrow beak. 
 
 Length 13- 3 cm. Towneley CoU. 
 
 102. Spoon, similar, but plain handle with pointed end. 
 
 Length 12 cm. Towneley Coll. 
 
 103. Spoon as last. 
 
 Length 14-5 cm. Bequeathed by Sir W. Temple, 1856. 
 
 104. Spoon, similar. 
 
 Length 14 cm. Castellani, 1872. 
 
 105. Fragment of Spoon, consisting of about two-thirds of the bowl, which is of the 
 ordinary oval shape ; it is incised with a design of the 
 fore-part of a deer Ij^ng down to 1. ; before it is a tree. 
 
 Length 3-5 cm. From Guisborough, W. Riding of 
 Yorkshire ; purchased 1857. Found with coins of Julian II 
 to Eugenius (a.d. 360-423). Edges of spoon bent up and 
 distorted ; surface polished. The design is very rudely 
 executed. 
 
 106. Mirror. Circular, on a backing of wood, which has 
 been covered with cloth of a coarse texture ; the mirror 
 itself is of speculum metal, with a highly polished surface, 
 showing remains of bronze deposit. It is enclosed in a frame of silver-gilt bronze, 
 mth a design in repousse, pierced a jour on the wood backing ; between two rings 
 of beads is a frieze of running scrolls of vine-pattern, with tendrils and bunches of 
 grapes, and six peacocks in various attitudes, pecking at the vine-leaves ; two of 
 them stand behind the vine-leaves with heads turned round. At the back of the 
 mirror is a bronze spring oi fibula form, for the attachment of a wooden leg, now 
 broken away ; it has a spiral hinge of the ordinary Raman fibula tyiie, and a hook 
 at the other end as a catch for the leg. Plate XV. 
 
 Diam. 22 cm. Found in a woman's grave near Sofia, Bulgaria ; acquired 1909. The 
 mirror dates from about the third century of the Empire. A similar design, but in a 
 more degenerate form, occurs on the Projecta casket of the Esquiline Treasure (Dalton, 
 Cat. of Early Christian Anliqs. in Brit. Mus., pis 13-18). In the same tomb were found 
 a wooden pin, comb, and scraping in.strument, three toilet boxes, six fragments of cloth, 
 and eleven n\its, winch arc also now in the Museum collection. 
 
 107. Mirror. Circular ; handle convex above and flat luiderneath, sjireading out in 
 tlic form of a rude Ionic capital where it joins the mirror ; at the other end it termi- 
 nates in a serpent's head (?). 
 
 Ht. 25-3 cm. From Naukratis. Presented by tlie Egypt Exploration I'lnid, i88(). 
 Naukralis I, pL 28, p. 44 (described as a mirror-case). Surface corroded ; mirror repaired. 
 
 Kig. 38 = No. ,05.
 
 MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS. 
 
 29 
 
 108. Mirror. Circular ; round the edge a series of perforated holes. 
 
 Diam. 1 1 • 5 cm. From Corfu. Woodhouse Coll., 1868. Outer rim mostly broken away 
 at the perforations. Surface highly poHshed ; under-side corroded. 
 
 109. Mirror. Square ; round the edge a double groove, beyond which are cross-hatchings 
 of xxxx type at intervals (three each side). 
 
 9 x8cm. Purchased 1S49. Repaired ; one corner broken off. Surface highly polished; 
 corroded at back, with bronze deposit. 
 
 ■ • / IHKHMI III M I M IIII Iill l ..""UMHJ>l.l.f 
 
 SHSEJ 
 
 Fig. 39 = No. 107. 
 
 Fig. 40 =: No. 109. 
 
 110. Mirror with Case. Mirror circular, with highly-pohshed surface ; on under side, 
 concentric circles in pairs. Of the case only half remains. 
 
 Diam. of mirror, 10-2 cm. ; of case, 10-5 cm. From France. Morel Coll., 1904. Sur- 
 face of case much corroded. 
 
 111. Mirror-Case. One-half only preserved, probably the upper, being slightly convex ; 
 incised on both sides with concentric circles. 
 
 Diam. 8-3 cm. Purchased at Sotheby's sale, 6 May, 1851. In good condition except 
 for a small piece broken out of the rim. 
 
 112. Part of Mirror-Case. A plain circular convex disc, probably forming the upper 
 half of a mirror-case. 
 
 Diam. 7-3 cm. Comarmond Coll., 1851. In good condition ; exterior polished.
 
 30 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 113. Part of Mirror-Case. Similar, incised with concentric circles. 
 
 Diam. 7-4 cni. 
 
 114. Part of Mirror-Case. Lower half, flat, with hinge remaining. Incised on inside 
 with concentric circles ; outer side polished. 
 
 Diam. 9 cm. In good condition ; exterior surface corroded, with bluish green deposit. 
 
 115. Lamp. Type nearly as Catalogue of Lamps, No.' 395, but 
 
 with two nozzles each side instead of three. Bronze plated 
 
 with silver ; in the form of a boat with sharp-pointed 
 
 stem pointing upwards, and blunt-pointed prow"; on each 
 
 side project two semi-circular nozzles with a re-entrant 
 
 curve between. Round the edge is a row of stamped rings, 
 
 with a spiral on the stern, and below on the exterior is an 
 
 engraved wave-pattern. In the stem is the filling-hole. 
 
 The keel is indicated by pairs of deeply-scored lines from 
 
 prow to stern. The boat should perhaps be described 
 
 as a boat-shaped cradle. On the top, within a shallow 
 
 depression, is a figure of the infant Herakles reclining with 
 
 feet to the prow, strangling two serpents, whose necks 
 
 he grasps with either hand ; he is nude, with short smooth 
 
 hair. The serpent's bodies extend in convolutions, one on 
 
 his r. side, the other behind him ; these form points for the 
 
 attachment of chains for suspension. Plate XV. 
 
 Length 14 '3 cm. Ht. 7-5 cm. From Switzerland; 
 acquired 1915. Journ. Hell. Stud, x.xviii. pi, 33, p. 274. 
 Surface somewhat worn ; a hole broken out on' the prow. For 
 the subject generally see Journ. Hell. Stud. .\vi. p. 145 ff. 
 
 116. Sistrum. Handle moulded ; the upper part has four cross- 
 bars inserted, each bent round at the ends in the form of 
 serpents' heads, and on the top is a small figure of a cat 
 
 the round, lying down. The sides arc engraved 
 lozenge-pattern between borders of vandyke- 
 
 to 1. in 
 with a 
 pattern. 
 Ht. 21 cm. 
 
 117. Model of Temple-Key. Tin- key is of the usual form, 
 bent twice at a right angle, with moulded handle ending 
 in a knob, and flat blade. 
 
 Length 10 cm. I-"rom Cyprus ; formerly in the Cesnola 
 collection ; purchased 191 1. Broken in five pieces; surface 
 corroded in places. See on the subject Diehls, Parmetndcs, p. 
 123 ff., where an illustration is given of a similar key found at 
 Thelx;s (fig. 16), and also other examples figured on vases ; and 
 cf. id. in Sitzuyigsber. d. It. Akad. d. Wtsscnsch., Berlin, 1908, 
 pi. I., p. 27. 
 
 Fig. 41 = No. 116. 
 
 l-ig. ^i = No. 117.
 
 SILVER TREASURES 
 
 31 
 
 118. Ingot. In the shape of a double wedge, thicker in the middle than at the ends. In 
 
 ex of{ficina) Fl(avii) 
 
 the middle is inscribed 
 
 EX OFFL 
 
 HONORINI 
 
 Honorini. 
 
 Dimensions 10 x 6-3 cm. Weight i lb (374 grammes). 
 Found in 1777 in digging the foundations of the Ordnance 
 Office, in the Tower of London. Camden, Britannia, ed. 
 Gough, 1806, ii. p. 92; Malcolm, Londin. Redivivum, iii. p. 
 519; Allen, Hist, oj London, i. p. 26; Hughson, Hist, of 
 London, i. p. 34 ; Archaeologia, v. p. 291 ff., pi. 25 ; Gentleman' s 
 Mag. 1785, p. 332, 1835, i. p. 491 ; Roach Smith, Ulustr. 
 Rom. Lond. p. 31, pi. 22, 3; Wright, Celt, Roman, and 
 Saxon, p. 296 ; Victoria County Hist, of London, i. p. 130 ; 
 Numism. Chron. xv. (1915), p. 510, fig. 6 ; Westdeutsche 
 Zeitschr. x. p. 411, pi. 6, No. 8 ; Willers, Numism. Kleinig- 
 keiten, pp. 48, 53, pi. 12 ; id., Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor, 
 pi. 12, fig. I, p. 237 ; C. I. L. vii. 1196 ; Yates in Somerset 
 Arch. Soc. Trans, viii. 1858, p. 24 ; Arch. Journ. xi. p. 
 409, xvi. p. 40 ; Rhein. Mus. xii. p. 369, xiv. p. 365 ; Bull. 
 Arch. Crist, vi. (1868), p. 47 ; Petrie, Moniim. Hist. Brit. 
 
 Fig. 43 = No. iiS. 
 
 p. cxx. No. 1443. Found with three gold coins, one of Honorius and two of Arcadius. 
 Surface corroded in parts. For other silver ingots see Nos. 5, 195-202. 
 
 (5) SILVER TREASURES (119-223). 
 TOMB GROUP FROM BRUSA (i 19-125). 
 
 119. Pyxis. Cylindrical, with slightly concave sides. . Cover moulded, with concentric 
 rings ; base also moulded, with concentric rings underneath. Plate XVI. 
 
 Ht. 6- 25 cm. Diam. 65 cm. Brusa, 1913. A piece broken away at base, and another 
 from the cover ; surface corroded in places. 
 
 120. Patera. Flat and very shallow, without central boss ; round the centre, four 
 incised rings at nearly equal intervals. Plate XVI 
 
 Diam. 14-3 cm. Brusa, 1913. Surface polished ; partly covered with verdigris. 
 
 121. Bowl. Form asCrt^. o/i?owj«w Po^im', pi. 42, No. 22 ; straight sides and flat bottom ; 
 moulded rim and base. Plate XVI. 
 
 Ht. 3-4 cm. Diam. 8-75 cm. Brusa, 1913. Highly polished; a piece 
 broken out of bottom. 
 
 122. Simpulum. Bowl in form of flattened hemisphere, with moulded rings 
 
 on base, and concave moulded rim. Handle thin and flat ; volute each 
 
 side at base ; top widening out and then narrowing to a moulded 
 
 knob. Plate XVI. 
 
 Ht. 9-3 cm. Diam. of bowl 5-3 cm. Brusa, 1913. Cf. Monum. Piot, v. 
 pi. 24, fig. 3. 
 
 123. Spoon. Flat oval bowl with projection each side; thin flat handle, Fig. 44 = No 12-
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 ending in narrow piece curved round in a loop and ending 
 along the top of the flat part in the head and neck of a 
 swan. Cf. Type A, fig. 36. 
 Length 6-8 cm. Brusa, 1913. 
 
 124. Mirror. One side plain and highly pohshed ; on the 
 other, concentric rings at intervals ; moulded rim. 
 
 Plate XVI. 
 
 Diam. 18-75 cm. Brusa, 1913. In good condition, but 
 surface corroded in places. 
 
 125. Spindle. One end elaborately moulded about half-way 
 up, the mouldings formed of groups of rings, reels, and 
 beads, the other end plain ; in the middle, a flat disc 
 with moulded rim, edged with beads. 
 
 Length 22- 5 cm. Brusa, 1913. Highly polished; in 
 perfect condition. Cf. Daremberg and Saglio, s.v. Fusus, 
 fig- 3383- 
 
 THE ARCISATE TREASURE (126-130). 
 
 [Found at Arcisate, North Italy, between Layo Maggiore and 
 Lake Lugano, a few miles north of Varese ; purchased in 1900.] 
 
 126. Oinochoe. Ovoid body with sharply-marked off shoulder, 
 low heavy foot, and short wide neck with flat spreading 
 mouth, sharply moulded ; base moulded underneath, and 
 two grooves incised at angle of body and shoulder. 
 Handle in form of leaf (forming a thumb-piece), springing 
 from a calyx ; it terminates below in an oval piece, 
 below which is a pattern of tendrils on either side of a ''''^' *^ ~ '^''' '"' 
 vertical stem, and above in flat scrolls along the rim of the jug with open-work 
 
 volutes at the base of the handle. Underneath is incised ■''>•, , .,- t- ^v Utia 
 
 T(iti) /(ilia), pondo I. ; cf. the simpuliim No. 128. Plate XVII. 
 
 Ht. 13 cm. Weight 349-98 grammes = 5400 grains. Well executed and in perfect 
 condition ; highly polished surface. 
 
 127. Bowl. Plain hemispherical form, with foot ; mimldcd rim ; base moulded under- 
 neath. Has had handles attached, the place being marked Iw a pattern of scrolls 
 each side. PLATE XVII. 
 
 Ht. 5-3 cm. Diam. 13-4 cm. In good condition ; surface highly polished. 
 
 128. Simpulum. Deep hemispherical bowl ; flat IiiihUi with llanges which terminate 
 on the rim of the bowl in vertical curved points, and at the top in smaller hooks, 
 between which the handle tapers off into the neck of a swan, its head lying back 
 along the back of the handle. The swan's liead is gilt, and carefully modelled ;
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 33 
 
 round its neck is a ring of beads. On the upper part of the handle is incised in 
 
 punctured letters: T-^TI- V-F r :• JC-IV , T. Uti(us) U(li) f(iliits) p{ondo) III. 
 
 sc(ripula) iv ; cf. the oinochoe above. Plate XVII. 
 
 Ht. 18 cm. Weight 86-05 grammes = 1327-75 grains. In fine condition ; surface 
 highly polished. 
 
 129. Strainer. Hemispherical form (fiaaro^) ; handle flat, curving outwards with blunt 
 end, and terminating in volutes and scrolls along the rim, which is moulded. The 
 whole vessel is perforated in bands of pattern : (i) an intricate double maeander 
 pattern ; (2) tendril with pairs of ivy-leaves ; (3) intersecting obhque lines forming 
 intersecting triangles with small rosettes in the spaces ; (4) band of spiral scrolls. 
 On the base is a concave-sided square with loops at the angles, containing a quatre- 
 foil interspersed with four dots ; in the spaces between the loops are elaborate 
 patterns of spirals and volutes. Plate XVII. 
 
 Ht. 6-25 cm. Diam. 8-4 cm. In good condition, but split tlirough at one point; 
 surface highly polished. For the type of handle cf. Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreutik, p 319 
 fig. 61. 
 
 130. Spatula. Flat and tapering, like a paper-knife ; blade joined to handle by narrow 
 
 Fig. 46 = No. 130. 
 
 moulded neck. On the blade each side is engraved a straight wreath between lines 
 of dots. 
 
 Length 18 cm. Eight fragments joined ; part of blade wanting. Traces of gildin<^ on 
 blade. " 
 
 THE CHATUZANGE TREASURE (131-136). 
 
 [Found at Chatuzange, Department of Drome, France ; purchased in 1893.] 
 
 131. Dish {/ciHx), circular and quite flat ; wide low base-ring. Round the rim, bead-and- 
 reel pattern ; in the centre, a hook-armed cross, inlaid in niello [cf. No. 154). 
 
 Underneath is engraved in punctured letters P \J} ■— . P[ondo) vi. 
 Diam. 38-3 cm. Surface much scratched. 
 
 132. Bowl in the form of a lotus-flower, ribbed all round in twenty-four ribs, with recurved 
 rim ; base flat with concentric circles underneath in centre. The interior is covered 
 throughout with an engraved pattern of closely-overlapping leaves or feathers, also 
 visible on the exterior. In the centre is a medallion with border of beads, in which 
 is a rehef of the Three Graces (the usual Graeco-Roman type ; cf. No. 73) : They 
 are nude, and the middle one is shown in back view with her arms round the .shoulders 
 of the other two, who face outwards ; the one on the 1. holds out three large Ieaves(.?) ; 
 
 D
 
 34 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 the one on the r. takes a piece of drapery from a tall prochoos. The ground is indi- 
 cated below. Plate XVHI. 
 
 Ht. IO-6 cm. Diam. 35 cm. Repaired and restored ; somewhat battered in places ; 
 surface of medallion somewhat worn. For the type of the Graces cf. Jahn, Entjiihrung 
 d. Eitropa, p. 34. 
 
 133. Bowl (\"ariant of Form 3). Semi-elliptical form, with low foot ; no handle. 
 Round the rim, bead-and-reel pattern : in the centre of the interior, a maeander 
 cross inlaid in niello, the ends of the arms toothed [cf. No. 131). Plate XIII. 
 
 Ht. 4-2 cm. Diam. 11 -6 cm. In good condition. 
 
 134. Patera. Low central boss ; ribbed throtighout from rim to centre ; very thin. 
 
 Ht. 4-7 cm. Diam. ig-y cm. Split in one place ; covered with verdigris. 
 
 135. Trulla. Bowl of sugar-basin form [cf. No. 82) ; handle (now detached) with 
 irilobe top as No. 73, the edge modelled in the form of two swan's heads in low 
 relief, pointing downwards ; between them, a moulded stand for a basket of fruit. 
 On the central part is an acanthus-plant from which spring tendrils with vine and 
 ivy leaves and berries ; on the base are effective floral patterns and scrolls. 
 
 The bowl is surrounded externally by parallel vertical ribs, flat or slightly conve.x 
 or concave, wth roxmded tops ; these are overlapped by groups of similar ribs but 
 curved and converging below, forming a double group each side of the bowl. On 
 the vertical ribs are (on alternate sides of the bowl) four serpents between dolphins 
 twined round tridents ; these alternate with single serpents, and on the curved ribs 
 are pairs of similar serpents. At the tops of the ribs at irregular intervals are 
 scallop-shells and palmcttes (usually three scallops and then two palmettes). The 
 base is moulded in concentric rings round the centre and edge. Plate XIX. 
 
 Ht. of bowl 7-5 cm. Diam. 13-4 cm. Length of handle 6 in. Remains of gilding on 
 handle and on the designs on the bowl. 
 
 136. Trulla. Type as Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreiitik, p. 319, fig. 61 (handle as p. 315, 
 fig. 56) : straight-sided bowl with moulded rim ; plain handle with curved termi- 
 nation ; moulding round base of bowl. On the handle are reliefs in three rows : 
 (i) on the upper part, Felicitas standing to the front, looking to her 1., with 1. elbow 
 resting on a column ; in her r. hand is a cadiiceus, in her 1. a cornucopia. She wears 
 a winged petasos (?), long chiton, and himation round lower limbs and over 1. 
 shoulder, the ends gathered up over 1. arm. In the field on the 1. is tin- purse 
 of Hermes ; on either side, a rosette ; ground indicated below, with plant. 
 (2) A circular aedicula with conical roof and lofty doorway, on one side of which is 
 an annexe of similar form (?) ; ground indicated below ; on cither side a large flower, 
 that on the r. springing from a vase. (3) On base of handle, a woman bending to 
 1. over a rectangular altar on which a fire burns ; her r. hand is raised and >lic liolds 
 out some object in 1. ; siic wears long girt chiton and himation. Hetwecn lur and 
 the altar is a pot ; behind her, a column and a cista (?) ; in the fiild, a plant. On 
 cither side is a basket of fruit, from which hangs a bunch of grapes which a sheep
 
 . SILVER TREASURES. 35 
 
 lying down is devouring ; beyond each sheep is a Pan's pipe. Underneath the 
 
 bowl is incised 
 
 1^ ctni 
 
 ^ \'^r\ Plate XIX. 
 
 Lucini Vavisna 
 
 Ht. 4-7 cm. Diam. of bowl, 12-5 cm. Length of handle, 9 cm. In perfect condition. 
 The type of Felicitas occurs on a coin of Trajan of .\.d. 115 (Cohen, Monnaies, No. 351). 
 
 THE CAUBIAC TREASURE (137-143). 
 
 " These seven objects," says Payne Knight in his MS. Catalogue, " were all found 
 together in the month of May, 1785, carefully placed one in the other, under a great 
 stone, which obstructed the plough of a peasant in a field near the village of Caubiac, 
 si.x leagues from Toulouse. The field, according to the traditions of the neighbour- 
 hood, had previously been covered with wood, and some of the old inhabitants 
 remembered to have heard that the village church once stood on the top of the 
 knowl of which this field was a principal part of the base. After the discovery of 
 this Treasure extensive researches were made in every direction, but nothing else 
 was found except the ruin'd foundations of a small Temple of brick and plaster." 
 [He considers this to have been a Temple of Bacchus, to which the plate belonged.] 
 The treasure was purchased by the Abbe Tessant and sold by him to Payne Knight 
 in 1790. 
 
 See for a full account of the discovery Montegut in Menwires de VAcad. de Toulouse, iii. 
 (1788), p. I ff ; Dum&ge, Archeol. Pyren. iii. p. 204 ff., and Atlas, pis. 25-28. 
 
 137. Patera (Form 3). Flat, with plain rim ; the interior is plain, except for pairs of 
 concentric circles at equal intervals. Round the exterior, frieze with narrow band of 
 W9999b pattern above ; the design is in six groups (the alternate groups corres- 
 ponding), divided by altars ; in the three larger groups. Genii playing on musical 
 instruments between masks ; in the three smaller, pairs of quadrupeds (male and 
 female), (i) Rectangular altar on two steps, with a globe above ; mask of young Satyr 
 to r., with rough hair ; shepherd's crook tied up with a long ribbon ; tree or thyrsus; 
 small altar on plinth, on which is a goat's head. On the 1. of this altar is a Genius 
 (unwinged) to r., looking back, with draper}' over 1. arm, holding a flute or torch in 
 r. hand, and a tambourine in 1. ; on the r. another, winged, runs up, holding out a 
 tambourine in both hands ; over his r. arm is drapery. Beyond, a vase with high 
 stem on a phnth, a thyrsus ending in a pointed leaf, tied with ribbon, and a mask to 
 1. with a coif covering the hair. (2) Altar as before ; lioness crouching to r. and 
 lion advancing towards her ; rough ground indicated below ; between them, a tree. 
 
 D 2
 
 ^6 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. . 
 
 The lioness appears to hold a leg-bone in her mouth ; in the field above is a thigh- 
 bone, and above the lion a ram's head. (3) Altar as before ; female mask to r., 
 with hair in stiff parallel curls and a knotted fillet round it ; in the background, 
 thyrsus as in (i), and on r. a tree. Next, Genii with altar between, as in (i), except 
 that they face each other, and the one on r. (who is not winged) plays flutes ; on the 
 altar is a triangular object. The head of the Genius on the r. is broken away. Bej-ond, 
 thyrsus tied with ribbon ; Bacchic mask to 1. (ivy-wreath, hair knotted at back with 
 tress falhng on neck) ; below, a tambourine. (4) Altar as before ; two bears (?) 
 confronted, with tree between ; the one on the 1. leaps forward, and the other 
 crouches to attack it. In the field, a goat's head and two circular objects ; ground 
 indicated. (5) Altar as before ; mask of bald bearded Satyr to r., with wine-skin 
 below ; thyrsus and tree as (3). Next, two Genii, with a stand between in form of 
 double cone supporting a globular object ; the one on the 1. (unwinged) has a thyrsus 
 in r. hand, and holds up a piece of drapery in 1. ; the other, who is winged, moves 
 away, looking back, and carrying a thyrsus in 1. hand. Beyond, thyrsus ending in 
 four-petalled flower, tied with ribbon, and Bacchic mask as in (3). (6) Altar as 
 before ; two trees ; stag lying down, confronted by a doe, advancing with head 
 down ; between them, a tree ; ground indicated below. Underneath the vase is 
 
 . '^ •■-••-) V ■■ <■ •■'' 
 engraved in punctured letters / '/ ;•••'. K-\/ 1 J ' , S{e.xti) I{hIi) F[elicis) p(ondo) 
 
 '■"' / / . ; v ' ■" 
 
 VI siemis) , iind also ^ j R" )^-i \ OV^' Plates XX-XXI. 
 
 Ht. 5 cm. Diam. 38- 75 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (lxx.\ix. 70). De Montegiit in Mi'm. 
 de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii., 1788, pis. 2, 4, p. 3 ; Damage, Arch, PyrM. iii. p. 204, Atlas, pis. 
 25, 26; Bonner Jahrb. 118, p. 185, No. 15, fig. i and pi. 7, figs, i, 2 ; Mowat in Bull. 
 Epigr. vi. p. 247 ; Dechelette, Vases Ceram. de la Gaule Rom., i. p. 232 ; C. I. L. xii. 
 5697, 10 ; Gaz. Arch. 1883, p. 2, 1884, p. 342 ; Longperier, GLuvres, iii. p. 420, No. 2. 
 Cf. a patera from Bavai (Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 342, fig. 3), and another from Lillebonne 
 (Bonner Jahrb., 118, pi. 8, no. i). Surface highly polished ; details indistinct in places ; 
 shape somewhat distorted, and edge damaged in three place.s. For the bears in group 
 (4) Drexel compares the Orpheus bowl at Cologne (Bonner Jahrb. 118, p. 221, fig. 6), 
 
 138. Part of Bowl. Cylindrical form [cf. Cat. 0/ Roman Pottery, pi. 44, No. 78) ; bottom 
 entirely wanting, and about one-third of the sides, but the upper part is complete. 
 Round the top and bottom of the exterior are patterns of ovals as the preceding, 
 between which is a frieze of figures, composed of two Satyrs alternating with a male 
 and a female deer, di\ided by masks (four masks in all), (i) Mask of Priapus C!) to r., 
 with shaggy beard and drapery over the head ; in the background a thyrsus ending 
 in a flower, tied with ribbon ; below, a small altar. (2) Young Satyr facing to the 
 front, looking to 1., with shepherd's crook in r. hand and drapery over 1. arm ; lower 
 part wanting. (3) Mask of Maenad to 1., with hair waved back from the face (lower 
 part wanting) ; in the background a thyrsus ending in a spiked flower, tied with rihlion. 
 Behind is a cylindrical cista on heavy feet, with open domed litl, from which a ser- 
 jient (incised) emerges. (4) Female deer to r. ; above it Pan's pipes. (3) Mask of 
 young Satyr to r., open-mouthed, with rough shaggy hair ; in background, thyrsus 
 as ill (3) but flower of different form. (()) Young Satyr ad\ancing to 1., holding out
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 37 
 
 a flower with long stem in r. ; drapery or skin over 1. arm. (7) Mask of bald bearded 
 
 Satyr to 1., with richly-curling hair and beard ; thyrsus as before, with different type 
 
 of flower, and below the mask a wine-skin. (8) Male deer with Cretan goat's horns 
 
 (Tpaye\a(f)o<; .' ) ; in the field, oval object covered with punctured dots. Plate XXII. 
 
 Ht. 4-3 cm. Diam. 7-8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 71). Mem. de I'Acad. de 
 Toulouse, 1788, p. 9, pi. 4 ; Longperier, CEuvres, iii. p. 420 ; Bonner Jahrb. 118, p. 189. 
 No. 32 ; Gaz. Arch., 1884, p. 343. Walls very thin. Style and subject as the pre- 
 ceding. For the TfidyeXatpos see Keller, Thieve d. klass. Altert. p. 333, and cf. Athenaeus, 
 xi. 484 D, 500 E. A similar vase found at Arras is given in Gronovius, Thes. Ant. ix. 1190, 
 
 139. Patella (Form i). Flat rim, with moulded edge ; slightly sunk centre ; low small foot. 
 Round the rim a frieze with inner border of beads, and outer of bead-and-reel pattern ; 
 the frieze consists of four groups of figures (the alternate ones corresponding), divided 
 by altars. I. (i) Altar ; (2) bearded mask to r. ; (3) shepherd's crook or \ayo)j3uXoif 
 tied with ribbon ; (4) goat {rpajeXafpoi;?) tor. ; (5) ^/jjTSZfS ending in pine-cone, tied 
 with ribbon ; (6) mask of young Satyr to 1. II. Altar ; (7) dog pursuing (8) stag to 1., 
 with a tree between ; round the dog's body a gilt band. III. Altar and mask as 
 type 2 ; (9) ram with stippled body, crouching to r., between types (5) and (3) ; mask 
 (as type 6). IV. Altar ; stag (as type 8) pursued by (10) lion to 1. All the figures are 
 
 gilded. Underneath is inscribed in punctured letters t-X'^K' ^"'* '•■'/• .tf .■<" A 
 
 Plate XXII. 
 
 Diam. 13-75 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 72). Mt-m. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii, 
 17S8, pi. 3, p. 8 ; Dumege, Arch. Pyrin, iii. p. 206, Atlas, pi. 27 ; Longpdrier, CEuvres, 
 iii. p. 420 ; Mowat in Bull. Epigr. vi. p. 247 ; Gas. Arch., 1884, p. 343 ; C. /. L. xii. 
 5697, 9. Highly polished surface. For the style of decoration cf. No. 75. 
 
 140. Fragments of Bowl, consisting of central portion and a part of the rim (detached). 
 The bowl is shallow and straight-sided, with small low foot ; flat vertical handles 
 in form of two flat rings with a point rising between ; rim moulded in egg-pattern 
 on exterior. Round the interior, large oblique flutings ; in the centre a medallion 
 with border of beads, in which is an engraved design. In the centre is Aphrodite 
 to the front, with r. hand raised to her head, holding a fruit (?), in 1. a sceptre ; her 
 hair falls in tresses over her shoulders, and round her loins is drapery which is caught 
 up over the 1. arm. On the 1. a small Cupid flies towards her, with r. hand extended 
 holding out a fruit (?), in the 1. a torch with fleur-de-lys-shaped termination. On 
 the r. is Priapus or a young Satyr to 1., nude and ithyphaUic, with r. hand on 
 head and 1. on his side, standing on raised ground. Underneath is inscribed 
 
 •r; "V^ C J^^/*^\,./7' ? 'li'i ,y'l Eiigrafi pondo I III. semis (?), in punctured 
 
 letters and also \) \\\^\ ■ Plate XXII. 
 
 Payne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 69). Mem. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii. 1788, pi. i. p. 11 ■ 
 Dumfege, Arch. Pyren. iii. p. 208, Atlas, pis. 28, 29; Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 342 ; Longperier' 
 CEuvres, iii. p. 420 ; Bull. Epigr. vi. p. 247 ; C. I. L. xii. 5697, 8. Very thin walls I 
 the design is somewhat roughly executed.
 
 38 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 141. Dish {Lanx) (Form i). A large circular dish, on a low foot, quite flat and plain 
 except for a somewhat roughly-executed bead-and-reel pattern round the rim. 
 
 Diam. 48 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (Ix.xxix. 66). Man. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii. 
 pi. 4, p. 3. Highly polished surface. 
 
 142. Dish, similar, but slightly concave ; larger foot than last. 
 
 Diam. 47-5 cm. Pavne Knight Coll. (Ixxxix. 67). Mi-rn. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, 
 iii. pi. 4, p. 3. 
 
 143. Dish or flat bowl (Form 3). Quite plain except for two concentric rings engraved 
 round the centre ; moulded ring round base. Underneath are remains of a graffito 
 inscription Mill 
 
 Diam. 21 '25 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (ixxxix. 68). Mem. de I'Acad. de Toulouse, iii. 
 pl. 4. P- 8. 
 
 THE CHAOURCE TREASURE (144-182). 
 
 This treasure was discovered in i88j in a field near Montcornet, in the Department 
 of Aisnc, France, wrapped in a piece of cloth of which a few fragments remained. 
 ^^'ith it were found six Roman bronze coins, mostly of Trajan, Hadrian, and Anto- 
 ninus Pius, but covering the period from Domitian to Postumus (a.d. 267) ; the pre- 
 sence of the last-named coin, however, may be accidental. The date of the treasure 
 appears to be the second century after Christ, but it was probably preserved until 
 the third century, and buried in the stormy times of Galhenus' reign. It consists of 
 thirt\-nine pieces, forming a complete table-service or wirajs/en'MW (see p. xx), six 
 vessels being of plated bronze, the rest of silver. Thirty-two of the pieces (omitting 
 Nos. I, 2, 5, 10, II, 15 and ^^ in the Sale Catalogue) were described by MM. Thedenat 
 and Heron de ^'iIlefosse in the Gazette Archi'ologiqne, 1884-1885, and the whole were 
 sold by auction in Paris in June, 1888. The Museum acquired nineteen pieces 
 in 1889, and the remaining twenty in 1890. See generally Gazette Arc/ieol. 1885, 
 p. Ill ; Class. Review, 1890, p. 71 ; Cat. du Tvi'sor dc Chaourcc. introduction. 
 
 144. Statuette of Fortuna. A figure of the goddess standing with r. leg bent, holding 
 
 eornucopia in 1. hand ; the r. arm is wanting. Her hair is parted and waved in front, 
 
 and rolled up at the back, with curls falling on the shoulders, and round it is a 
 
 sphcndone ; she wears long chiton with short sleeves fastened by a row of buttons, 
 
 over which is a himation, the ends twisted up over her 1. arm and r. thigh. The 
 
 figure stands on an antique hexagonal base, the top and bottom moulded and 
 
 ornamented with rows of beads and of lOlOlOl pattern. Remains of gilding 
 
 throughout. Plate XXIII. 
 
 Ht. 12-8 cm., with base 16-5 cm. .\cqiiired 1890. Cat. du Trr'soy dc Chaourcc, No. 31, 
 pl. 2 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 32 ; Class. Review, 1890, p. 71. Hasc hollow iiiulci lUMtli. 
 
 145. Pepper-Castor {pi/)craloriimi) in form of Ethio])ian slave stpuitiing. He is rr]iri- 
 scntfd asleep, witli eyes closed ; his r. arm is wrapjied in his mantle, the hand suj)- 
 porting his cheek, and the I. hand rests on his knee, holding a (iiaiii attached to a 
 lantern (?) between his legs. His features are coarse, the h]>s tln(k, and the nose
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 39 
 
 broad ; his hair is crimped, and he has a moustache and two tufts of hair on the 
 chin. He wears sandals, a sleeveless tunic, and a paenula with hood {cucuUns), 
 which is partly gilded, and embroidered on the back with a gilt quatrefoil of ivy- 
 leaves ; the edge which hangs over the 1. shoulder is gilt, and on the hood are gilt 
 =jlL. patterns. The framework of the lantern is also gilt. In the hair above the 
 forehead a row of six holes is pierced, indicating the purpose of the figure. Below it 
 is a moulded base, the concave part of which is gilt. Plate XXT.II. 
 
 Ht. 9 cm. Weight 52 grammes (801 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. du Tn-soy de Chaource, 
 No. 32, pi. 2 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 35, 1885, p. 335, No. 25 ; Daremberg-Saglio, Diet, 
 des Antiqs., s.v. Piper, fig. 5685 ; Reinach, R/pertoire de la Statuaire, ii. p. 562, No. 3 ; 
 Sraiih., Dict.of Ayitiqs.^,u. p. 429 ; Class. Review, 1890, p. 71. C/. Froehner, CoW. Gn'flif, Nos 
 320, 385 ; and Babelon and Blanchet, Bronzes du Bihl. Nat. No. 1014. Base injured ; 
 broken away underneath. Julius Paullus {Sentent. iii. 6, 86) mentions piperatoria as 
 forming part of a tninisterium (see Introduction, p. xx). Compare also two figures of 
 slaves with lanterns, (Loeschcke in Bonner Jahrbucher, 118, pi. 32, fig. i, p. 392, and 
 p. 393, fig. ii), and Bull. Soc. Arch. Bulgare, iv. (1914), pi. i, pp. 10, 46 (salinum in form 
 of boy with dog). 
 
 146. Strainer (co/;/»0. with double bowl, the outer, which is hemispherical in form, ending 
 below in a tube open at the bottom ; on one side of it is attached a flat handle, 
 at the base of which is a hinge, on which the inner bowl works, fitting closely into 
 the outer. The handle is shaped like No. 136, and the hinge ends below on either side 
 of each bowl in conventionalized swan's heads ; the outer bowl is quite plain except for 
 two pairs of lines engraved round the exterior. The inner bowl is perforated all over 
 with elaborate patterns, forming the strainer ; in the centre is a rosette of six leaves, 
 with circles of points between ; at the end of each leaf is a group of three leaves 
 (forming a half-rosette), with triangles of points between the leaves. Round this 
 pattern is a double ring of dots, beyond which is a band of interlacing double lines 
 of dots, with lotos-flower (?) patterns in the inner spaces ; in the outer spaces are 
 groups of dots, and a double line of dots passes through the former pattern 
 towards the outer edge. Underneath the rim of the inner bowl, at the base of the 
 
 handle, is incised Vys)^ \, p{ondo) s[cinis)...s[cripuhmi).... Plate XXIII. 
 
 Ht. gem. Diam. 8-5cm. Weight 175 grammes = 2694 grains. Acquired i8go. Cat. 
 du Tresor de Chaource, No. 16, pi. i ; Daremberg-Saglio, Diet, des Antiqs., s.v. Infundi- 
 bulum, fig. 4064 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 317, No. 12 ; C. /. L. xiii. 10026, 38. Good polish ; 
 outer bowl restored in one place. These strainers were used either for clarifying the wine 
 or for cooUng it with snow ; see Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 318. One is exhibited in the Room of 
 Greek and Roman Life, and other examples have been found at Pompeii and 
 Herculaneum, and in the Crimea. 
 
 147. Jug (itrceus or /ajc>>m). The form is that of a slim oinoclwe with ovoid body tapering 
 up to a long slim neck with wide flat circular mouth ; flat handle with ct;rved thumb- 
 piece. Round the lip, row of beads, with band of oval markings below, engraved, 
 with gilt centres. Round the middle of the neck is a thick heavy band ornamented 
 with a guilloche pattern between rows of short vertical strokes. The handle is 
 merely soldered on below ; at the top is a necking of beads, below the thumb-piece, 
 which is in the form of a curling leaf, gilt in the middle. On either side it spreads 
 out in a flat volute, in which is a gilt rosette of dots ; it ends on the lip each side in a
 
 40 CATALOGUE OF SILVER I'LATE. 
 
 flat swan's head with gilded beak. Underneath the vase are engraved concentric 
 
 circles. PLATE XXIV. 
 
 Ht. 26-5 cm. Weight 750 grammes = 11550 grains. Acquired 1S89. Cat. dit Tn'sor 
 de Chaource, No. 18, pL 3.; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 260, No. 11. Fine polisli ; much dented 
 in at mouth and on one side of body. 
 
 148. Situla (Form 6). Hemispherical, with low foot ; plain rim with scroll shaped piece 
 as No. 74 each side ; in the orifices are inserted moveable handles, octagonal in section, 
 ending in hooks with long moulded knobs. Round the middle of each handle are 
 mouldings, between which and the hooks are projecting volutes. Round the upper 
 part of the bowl is an elaborate frieze, gilded throughout ; above, a row of beads and 
 border of toothed (acanthus ?) leaves on a stippled background ; below, a border 
 of inverted egg-and-dart pattern and another row of beads. Between these is a very 
 effective scroll-pattern, divided into two hal\-es by inverted spike-shaped flowers ; 
 the scroll consists of a wavy tendril with spirals at intervals in which are large 
 flowers, alternate with spike-shaped flowers. Underneath the vase are unintelligible 
 
 graffiti: , J. Plate XXV. 
 
 Ht. 17 cm. Diam. 21 cm. Weight 1396 grammes = 21498 grains. Acquired i88g. 
 Cat. dii Trt'sor de Chaource, No. 30, pi. 10 ; Gas. Arch. 1884, pi. 37, 1885, p. 333, No. 23 ; 
 Willers, Bronzeeiiner von Hemmoor, p. 179, fig. 67; Class. Review, 1890, p. 71. Fine 
 poHsh ; in perfect condition. Willers (loc. cit.) notes that a similar frieze occurs on one 
 of the Hildesheim vases (Pernice and Winter, SUberfuud von Hildeshevn, pi. 38). 
 
 149. Situla, -imilar. Quite plain ; rim projects slightly. 
 
 Ht. 15-3 cm. Diam. 18-3 cm. Weight 872 grammes = 13429 grains. Acquired 1890. 
 Cat. dit Tresorde Chaotirce, No. 17 ; Gas. Arch. 1885, p. 335, No. 24 ; Willcr.s, Bronzecimer 
 von Hemmoor; p. 180. Surface discoloured ; sides much indented. 
 
 150. Dish. Circular and concave, with moulded rim (variant of Form 3). In the centre, 
 within a border of leaf-pattern (derived from the Lesbian kymotiofi ; c/. No. 8) and 
 beads (both gilt), is a figure of Hermes facing to the front, with purse in r. hand 
 and caduccHs in 1. ; he has wings in his hair, and wears a chlamys fastened with a 
 brooch on the r. shoulder and caught up over the 1. arm. .\t his side are, on 1. a ram, 
 on r. a cock ; the ground i^ indicated below by incisions. The whole design i-; gilt 
 except the nude parts of Hermes. PLATE XXVII. 
 
 Diam. 23-4 cm. Weight 483 grammes = 7438 grains. Acquired 1890. Cat. dii Tri'sor 
 de Chaource, No. 29, pi. y ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 36, 1885, p. 3r9, No. T3 ; Reinach, 
 fii'pertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 477 ; Class. Revieiv, 1890, p. 71. In good condition, except 
 for one dent ; fine polish. For the figure of Hermes cf. Babelon, Tn'sor d'Argctitrrir dr 
 Berthouville, pl. 21. 
 
 151. Plate, Hat and circular (l-"orni i). Roimd the rim, elegant bcad-and-reel pattern ; in 
 the centre, iii a circle, a si.x-jioint rosette on an inlaid niello grotuul. Underneath 
 
 ^V^ 
 
 c 
 
 is incised -/Si, ' i^/r- . Gcnialis [cj. No. 163). PLATE XXIX.
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 4I 
 
 ^ Diam. 11 -8 cm. Weight 145 grammes (2232 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. du Tresor 
 de ChaouYce, No. 6, pi. 2 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 258, No. 8 ; Bull. Epigr. iii. (1883), p. 317 ; 
 C. I. L. xiii. 10026, 30rt ; Bull, des Antiqs. de France, 1883, p. 315, No. 6. Highly polished 
 surface. 
 
 152. Plate, flat and circular, as the last. Round the rim, bead-and-reel pattern. Under- 
 
 neath is engraved (now very faint) ^ \ — -f , Cava{r)iani (?) ; cf. No. 165. 
 
 Diam. 12-5 cm. Weight 126 grammes (1940 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat. du Trisor 
 de Chaource, No. 7 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 260, No. 10 ; C. 1. L. xiii. 10026, 296. Good 
 polish. 
 
 153. Plate, similar. Underneath, inscription as last VV * Vj , with the addition 
 
 
 ^' -> 
 
 of XXX below. PLATE XXX. 
 
 Diam. 12-5 cm. Weight 134 grammes (2062 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat. du Tresor 
 de Chaource, No. 8 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 259, No. 9 ; Bull, des Antiqs. de France, 1883, 
 p. 315, No. 7 ; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 29a. 
 
 154. Lanx (flat circular dish). (Form i.) Round the rim, bead-and-reel pattern ; in the 
 centre, a hook-armed cross with toothed ends to the arms, inlaid in niello [cf. 
 No. 131 from Chatuzange). Underneath are numerous ^>-a^/;' markings, among 
 
 which mav be read \ Al \ , Anu. on the rim. Plate XXVIII. 
 
 /^V'-'" 
 
 Diam. 33 cm. Weight 932 grammes = 14,353 grains. Acquired 1889. Cat. du Tresor 
 de Chaource, No. 26, pi. 8 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 112, No. i ; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 35. 
 
 155. Lanx, similar. Slightly concave, with low base-ring ; round the rim, bead-and-reel 
 pattern on stippled background ; in the centre, within a wavy line, a flower of eight 
 long narrow petals, between which are pistils (?), inlaid in niello. Plate XXVIII. 
 
 Diam. 35 '8 cm. Weight 1061 grammes = 16339 grains. Acquired 1889. Cat. de 
 Tresor de Chaource, No. 27 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 113, No. 2. Fine polish on upper surface ; 
 much dented in from below. 
 
 156. Lanx, similar, but more concave, with low foot. Round the rim, bead-and-reel 
 pattern on stippled background ; no central pattern. Underneath is engraved 
 
 ^ V/?'' 
 
 piondo libras) 11 s{einisst'm) (uncias quinque) (or 955 grammes) 
 
 Diam. 33 '5 cm. Weight 919 grammes = 14152 grains. Acquired 1890. Cat. du 
 Tresor de Chaource, No. 28 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 256, No. 3 ; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 37. 
 Good polish.
 
 42 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 157. Bowl. Hemispherical form ; surface covered with rf/)0Mss.' patterns beaten inwards. 
 so as to be in relief in the interior. Below the rim, bead-and-reel o-o-c ; round 
 the base, band of rays ; round the body, triple row of discs, the spaces filled m with 
 various patterns : in the upper row. ^^ ; in the second, | ; in the third, J^. 
 
 Ht. 7-2 cm. Diam. 11-5 cm. \Veight S7 grammes (1340 grains). Acquired 1S90. 
 Cat. du Tre'sor de Chaource, No. i . Broken and battered, and parts missing ; very thin 
 walls ; good polish on exterior. 
 
 158. Bowl as last, with similarly-e.xecuted ornamentation. Below the rim, band ot 
 herring-bone pattern ; below, three rows of discs. 
 
 Ht. about 7 cm. Diam. about 13 cm. Weight 107 grammes {1648 grains). .Acquired 
 1890. Cat. duTr^sor de Chaource, 'So. 2. Much broken and battered ; part of rim wanting; 
 surface covered with verdigris. Walls very thin. 
 
 159. Bowl, hemispherical, with slightly projecting rim ; no loot ; patterns beaten in 
 from the e.xterior, so as to be in relief inside, hollow outside, forming six bands of 
 ornament, (i) Four rows of ovals ; (2) bead-and-reel between horizontal lines ; 
 
 (3) row of discs with floral ornaments ^ between ; (4) vine-tendril with bunches 
 
 of grapes ; (5) triple row of beads ; (6) round the base, a ring of short rays. 
 
 Plate XXIX. 
 
 Ht. 7-8 cm. Diam. 12-2 cm. Weight 173 grammes (2663 grains), .\cquired 1890. 
 Cat. du Tn'sor de Chaource, No. 21, pi. 5 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 35, 1885, p. 329. No. 18. 
 In fine condition ; good polish. 
 
 160. Bowl, similar, but slightly smaller than the preceding, into which it fits exactly. 
 
 PLATE XXIX. 
 
 Ht. 7 cm. Diam. 11-5 cm. Weight 141 grammes (2171 grains). Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 22 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 330, No. 19- Not m such good 
 cond.tion as the preceding. 
 
 161. Bowl (variant of I'orm .;). Ordinary form witli 1(Av loot [cf. No. 133) ; romid the 
 rim, bead-and-reel pattern. Underneath is engraved L^i\Ij\ , Rn'^d '. outside 
 
 the base-ring, ///I .1 [\ , •^/'"• 
 
 Ht. 3-2 cm. Diam. 9-5 cm. Weight 129 grammes (1986 grains). Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. du Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 9 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 258, No. 7 ; C. I. L. xm. 10026, 31. 
 Dull polish ; exterior dented in one or two places. 
 
 162. Bowl, similar. 
 
 111. 3-5 cm. Diam. 9-5 cm. Weight 145 grammes (2232 grains). Acquired iSyo. 
 Cat. du Tn'sor de Chaource, No. 10. Surface discoloured.
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 43 
 
 I/I 
 163. Bowl, similar. Underneath is incised V^v^ Y/ . Genialis {cf. No. 151). 
 
 Ht. 3-5 cm. Diam. 10-2 cm. Weight 116 grammes (1786 grains). Acquired 1890. 
 Cat. du Tn'sor de Chaource, No. 11 ; C. I. L. xiii. 10,026, 306. 
 
 164. Bowl, similar. Underneath, a graffito inscription 1 /^ \ , illegible. 
 
 Plate XXX. 
 Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 10 cm. Weight 188 grammes (2895 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. 
 du Tresor de Chaource, No. 12 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 257, No. 4. Surface discoloured ; 
 exterior dented in one place by a blow. 
 
 165. Bowl, similar. Underneath is engraved the inscription, fainth' visible : 
 
 ) -^l ^ Cava(r)iani (?) ; cf. No. 152. 
 
 Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 11 cm. Weight 159 grammes (2448 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat. 
 du Tresor de Chaource, No. 13 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 25S, No. 6 ; C.I. L. xiii. 10026, 
 29c. Exterior much damaged ; surface more or less discoloured and corroded. 
 
 166. Bowl, similar. Underneath, inscription as last )p^ Jv , very faint. 
 
 Ht. 4-3 cm. Diam. 11-25 cm. Weight 134 grammes (2062 grains). Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 14 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 257, No. 5. Surface highly 
 polished ; a hole in the side, the result of a blow. 
 
 167. Bowl, similar. 
 
 Ht. 3-8 cm. Diam. io-6 cm. Weight 135 grammes (2077 grains). Acquired 1S90. 
 Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 15. Highly polished surface, but discoloured in parts 
 or corroded ; in one place a dent caused by a blow. 
 
 168. Bowl (variant of Form 3). Flat shallow form, with small low foot ; in the centre 
 is engraved a rosette of six points within an outer one of twelve points ; romid this 
 the bowl is fluted in twelve large ribs, and at each point of the outer rosette is a 
 small lozenge corresponding to the bases of the flutings. Underneath the foot, 
 concentric circles. Plate XXVII. 
 
 Ht. 6 cm. Diam. 24 cm. Weight 493 grammes = 7592 grains. Acquired iSgo. 
 Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 19, pi. 4 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 329, No. 15. Good polish ; 
 surface pierced through in one place. 
 
 169. Bowl, similar ; twenty-nine flutings ; centre plain except for a double ring engraved. 
 Underneath is incised t^^J^ ' L^J^^ S II . Aurdia['ni) sieniis) [unciae) 11 [i.e. 
 172-5 grammes). Plate XXIX.
 
 44 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 15-5 cm. Weight 169 grammes = 2602 grains. Acquired iSSg. 
 Cat. till Trtsor de Chaource, No. 20, pi.. 5 ; Gas. Arch. 1885, p. 32S, No. 14 ; C. I. L. xiii. 
 10026, 28 ; Babelon, Trtsor d' .-irgenierie de Berthouville, p. 65, note 4. One side dented 
 in ; otherwise in good condition, but surface discoloured. 
 
 170. Bowl of flattened hemispherical form, with small foot (Form 5). About J in. below 
 the rim is a projecting rim all round, starting at right angles and curving down- 
 wards ; this is made separately and soldered on. On this rim, between two lines of 
 beads, is a very elegant scroll-pattern of leaves and flowers, with outer border of 
 leaf-pattern as No. 77 ; the scroll is di\ided into two portions by large plants with 
 deeply-cut leaves, and each portion again is divided by a flower with elongated 
 caly.x ; in each of these four divisions are live flowers enclosed by scrolls. Under- 
 neath is incised I \ / ). Plate XXV. 
 
 Ht. 9-3 cm. Diam. 23-5 cm. Weight 845 grammes = 13013 grains. Acquired 1890. 
 Cat. dti Tresor de Chaource, No. 23, pi. 6 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 330, No. 20 ; C. I. L. xiii. 
 10026, 34. Good polish ; base of bowl much battered and distorted. Cf. Gaz. Arch. 
 1880, pi. I, = Longperier, CEuvres, iii. p. 419, pi. 9. For the shape cf. Bonner Jahrb. 
 118 pi. 6, form 5, p. 198 ; Dechelette, Vases de la Gaulc, i. p. 231 (Dragendorff, form 38). 
 
 171. Bowl, similar ; low foot, larger than in the preceding. On the projecting rim, frieze 
 with two designs, each repeated twice : (i) Sea-lion crouching to 1. between mask 
 of bearded Pan or Satyr (on 1.) and mask of young Satyr (on r.) ; (2) sea-lioness 
 crouching to r. between similar masks ; between these groups are elegant scrolls. 
 The sea-monsters have coiled tails with trifurcate terminations. Round the whole, 
 
 an edging of beads. Underneath the bowl is scratched A . Plate XXVI. 
 
 Ht. 8'75cm. Diam. 20-5 cm. Weight 854 grammes = 13151 grains, .\cciuired 1SS9. 
 Cat. die Tresor de Chaource', No. 24, pi. 7 ; Gas. .4rch. 1885, p. 331, No. 21 ; Bonner Jahrb. 
 118, p. 187, No. 23. In good condition, with fine polish. 
 
 172. Bowl, similar ; foot somewhat larger than in the preceding. On the projecting rim, 
 bitween two rings of beads, five acanthus-plants at equal distances, from which 
 spring on either side tendrils with long narrow leaves ; between the.se are small 
 
 eagles to r., with heads turntil to 1. Underneath is scratched 
 
 Marua, or M. Rus(tici). Plate XXIV. 
 
 Ht. 8-75 cm. TDiam. 22 cm. Weight 983 grammes = 15138 grains. Acquired 1890. 
 Cat. du Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 25, pi. 7 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, pi. 36, 1885, p. 332, No. 22 ; 
 C. I. L. -xiii. 10026, 32. In good condition, witl\ line ])i)lish, l)\it dented in 111 (inc jilace.
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 45 
 
 173. Cup or Bowl, of bronze plated with silver (F'orm 8, nearly). Upper part concave, 
 spreading out at mouth, with plain rim ; lower part convex and somewhat squat ; 
 low foot. Round the middle, two pairs of raised lines. Underneath, unintelligible 
 
 graffiti Y^. PLATE XXX. 
 
 Ht. 5' 6 cm. Diam. 85 cm. Weight 129 grammes {1986 grains). Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. (ill Trc'sor de Chaource, No. 35 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 337, No. 26. 
 
 174. Cup or Bowl, similar ; underneath, graffiti \^^^^ 
 
 Plate XXX. 
 
 Ht. 4-6 cm. Diam. 7-8 cm. Weight 100 grammes (1540 grains). .Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. dii Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 34 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 339, No. 27. 
 
 175. Cup or Bowl, as before. Underneath is engraved 
 
 PLATE XXX. 
 
 Ht. 4 cm. Diam. 6-8 cm. Weight 75 grammes (1155 grains). Acquired 1890. Cat. 
 du Tresor de Chaource, No. 36 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 339, No. 28 ; C. I. L. xiii. 10026, 39. 
 
 [These three cups, 173-175, form a set, decreasing in size in the same ratio, and 
 exactly fitting into one another.] 
 
 176. Cup. Concave sides, with small foot ; quite plain. Underneath is engraved 
 
 Plate XXX. 
 
 Ht. 8' 75 cm. Diam. 8 cm. Weight 128 grammes {1971 grains). Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. du Tri'sor de Chaource, No. 3 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 329, No. 16 ; C. I . L. xiii. 10026, 
 36. Good poUsh. 
 
 177. Cup, similar. Underneath, a graffito inscription /\ . 
 
 Ht. 8-4 cm. Diam, 7-5 cm. Weight 84 grammes (1294 grains). Acquired 1890. 
 Cat. du Tresor de Chaource, No. 4 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 329, No. 17. Surface somewhat 
 oxydised ; piece broken out near rim. 
 
 178. Fragment of similar cup ; about one-third remaining ; rim complete. 
 
 Ht. 7-2 cm. Diam. 7-5 cm. Weight 35 grammes (539 grains). Acquired 1890. 
 Cat. du Tre'sor de Chaource, No. 5. Surface o.xvdised. 
 
 179. Plate or Saucer, of bronze plated with silver ; quite plain and slightly concave, 
 
 with base-ring. Underneath is engraved f/ \ \ A) 'A// . Genialis (cf. No. 151). 
 
 Diam. 11 cm. Weight 130 grammes (2001 grains). Acquired i88g. Cat. du Tresor 
 de Chaource, No. 37 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 29 ; C. /. L. xiii. 10026, 30c.
 
 46 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 180. Plate, similar, with same inscription 
 
 j^\ Hi>^ 
 
 Diam. ii cm. Weight 129 grammes {1986 grains). Acquired 1889. Cat. dii Tresor de 
 Chaource, Xo. 38 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 30 ; C. /. L. xiii. 10026, 30^. Surface 
 worn in places. 
 
 181. Plate, from pair of scales, of bronze plated with silver. Quite flat, with narrow 
 
 rim ; on the upper side are visible the places of attachment of the chains which 
 
 joined it to the arm of the balance. 
 
 Diam. 12-8 cm. Weight rgS grammes (3049 grains). Acquired i88g. Cat. du Tn-sor 
 de Chaource, No. 39 ; Gaz. Arch. 1885, p. 340, No. 31. Polished surface. 
 
 182. Pedestal for a figure. Circular, with moulded egg-pattern round top ; round the 
 
 base, punctured patterns of hatchings. 
 
 Ht. 1-8 cm. Diam. 3-1 cm. Weight 25 grammes (385 grains). Acquired 1889. 
 Cat. du Trt'sor de Chaource, No. 33. 
 
 THE BACKWORTH TREASURE (183-187). 
 
 This treasure was found in 1S12 at Backworth, Northumberland, about si.\ miles 
 north-east of Newcastle, together with gold and silver finger-rings now in the British 
 Museum (Cat. of Finger-Rings, Nos. 451, 460-461, 636, 943), other ornaments in 
 gold and silver, and 290 coins, including two of Antoninus Pius, the latest having been 
 struck in 139 a.d. The smaller objects were found in the trulla, the mirror being 
 used as a cover thereto. The find was sold to T. Watson, a silversmith of Newcastle, 
 and was afterwards in the possession of Mr. J. Brumell. It was acquired for the 
 Museum at the Brumell Sale in 1850. See general)}' Archacol. Joiirn. \\\\. yi. 36 and 
 Report of O.xford Meeting, 1850, p. 121. 
 
 I 1^. 4;ii = No. 183, 
 
 183. Trulla. I'orm as No. 135 ; hemispherical bowl on low foot, with moulded 
 rim ; handle of usual type, but very elaborately moulded. The top of the handle
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 
 
 47 
 
 is in the form of a double 
 loop with a flower and 
 volute projecting each side, 
 and at the base it terminates 
 along the rim in swan's 
 heads ; along the edge of 
 the base are two pairs 
 of flowers with volutes 
 attached. At each end of 
 the handle are designs in 
 low relief in the form of a 
 large plant or flower with 
 elegant scrolls each side ; 
 below that on the top of the 
 handle are a band of beads 
 and a leaf pattern (c/. No. 
 150) . The design is covered 
 with gilding throughout. 
 On the middle of the 
 handle is inscribed in gilt 
 
 inlaid letters ^^d^bIt*^' 
 
 Matr{ibus), Fab{ius) Dubit- 
 
 (atiis). The bowl is quite 
 
 plain. 
 
 Ht. 8-4 cm. Diam. of bowl 
 1832 (J. Bell), p. 167, pi. 4, fig. 
 Hist, of Northumberland, pt. 2, 
 
 
 Fig. 47^ = No. 183. 
 
 jlrch. Aeliana, ii. 
 
 II -8. Length of handle 11-2 cm. 
 I, and N.S. .xv. (1892), pp. 162, 331, No. 25 ; Hodgson, 
 
 vol. 3, p. 440 ; Bruce, Lapidarium Septentr. p. 272, 
 No. 535 ; Archaeol. Journ. viii. p. 36 (with plates) and Report of O.xford Meeting, 1850, 
 p. 121 ; Bonner J ahrbr/cher.Si, p. 159, No. 360, pi. 3, fig. 3 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 269 ; Furt- 
 waengler, Ant. Gemmen, iii. p. 302 ; C. /. L. vii. 1285. Surface of bowl somewhat worn ; 
 sides injured in two places. On the Matres see generally Roscher, Lexikon, s.v. ; Haverfield 
 in Arch. Aeliana, N.S. xv. p. 314 and in Joiirn. Rom. Stud. ii. (1912), p. 140 ; Victoria 
 County Hist, of London, i. p. 104. One of the rings found with the trulla is also dedicated 
 to the Matres [B.M. Cat. of Finger-Rmgs, No. 636). 
 
 184. Mirror. Circular; handle attached by means of flat 
 pieces of metal folded over the rim, on which are 
 leaf-patterns ; on the under-side, concentric circles. 
 
 Diam. 13 cm. Archaeol. Joiirn. ■viii. p. 40. Repaired; 
 handle wanting ; surface much scratched and polish 
 worn. 
 
 185. Spoon. Type B, Fig. 36, with small egg-shaped 
 bowl, concave, with incised line round edge. Handle 
 movilded at thicker end, with a thick curved piece 
 ending in keel-form on the bowl ; the other end has 
 a blunt point. 
 
 Length 12-4 cm. Archaeol. Journ. viii. p. 39. 
 
 Fig. 48 = No. 1S4.
 
 4S CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 186. Spoon as last ; pointed end to handle. 
 
 Length 12-4 cm. A rchaeol. J oHr)!. viii. p. ^g. Bowl damaged ; point of handle broken 
 off. 
 
 187. Spoon. Type D, Fig. 37, with small shallow circular bowl ; plain handle attached 
 to under-side of bowl. 
 
 Length 10 cm. Archaeol. Journ. viii. p. 39. Pohshed surface to bowl, which is damaged ; 
 point of handle broken off. 
 
 THE CAPHEATON TREASURE (188-194). 
 
 This treasure was found in 1747, half a mile to the N. of Sir John Swinburne's house 
 at Capheaton, in the parish of Kirkwhelpington, Northumberland, near the Roman 
 road which branches off from Watling Street at Corbridge and leads in the direction 
 of Ber\\'ick. The objects were unearthed about three feet below the surface ; some 
 appear to hav^e been secreted and melted down. One complete vase and six orna- 
 mented fragments were presented by Sir John Swinburne to Payne Knight, bv whom 
 they were bequeathed to the Museum in 1824. See his MS. Cat. l.x.xxix. 59-65 ; 
 Archaeologia, xv. p. 393, pis. 30-33 ; Wallis, Hist, of Northtimberland, ii. pp. 535- 
 537 ; Hodgson, Hist, of Northumberland, part ii., vol. i, p. 228 ; Bruce, Lapidarium 
 Septentrionale, p. 343, No. 654, with plate ; Arch. Aeliana, N.S. xv. (1892), p. 161 ; 
 also Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 267 ; Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreiitik, p. 317 ; Reinach, 
 Repertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 478 ff. 
 
 188. Trulla. Type as No. 183. Quite plain, except that round the upper part of the 
 
 exterior runs a broad moulded band, and on the bottom arc concentric circles ; three 
 
 small /)d/<«-shapcd supports have been attached to the underside of the bowl, of 
 
 which only one remains. 
 
 Ht. 7-5 in. Diam. 14-5 in. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. l.wxix. 5c)). Airhaeologia, 
 XV. pi. 33 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 268. Surface corroded in parts ; piece broken out of side, 
 and most of handle wanting. The form of the supports is derived by Willers from the 
 bronze buckets of the I,a Tone period {^'etic t'nlersKcliungen, p. 7, fig. 5, and p. 24). 
 
 189. Trulla, part of , including handle and jxjrlion of rim adjoining (four pieces joined). 
 The handle is shaped like No. 136, terminating on the rim of the bowl each side in 
 a flat piece of irregular outline forming a background to the design ; round its edges is 
 a row of beads. On the handle are designs in relief : (i) At the lop, bust of Juno (.') 
 to the front, resting on a calyx ; thick hair, in wliich is a sphendonc, drapery with 
 cross-belt over r. shoulder. On the 1., floral ornament, and small figure of rustic 
 walking to r., with staff in hand and basket on his back ; he wears a short loose tunic. 
 On the r., a small figure of a shepherd reclining, with face to front, holding a crook ; 
 below him arc three sheep (indistinct). (2) Within an acdicula. with anhed shell- 
 canopy over it, is Mercury seated to front, looking round to his 1. ; wings in liair and 
 drapery over r. thigh, caduceus in r. hand, purse in 1. ; below him is a cock to I. 
 His 1. leg is partly broken away. (3) Bacchus and Ariadne, both facing to the front : 
 .\riadne on the 1. has sceptre in r. hand and wears long chiton and hiniation : Bacchus
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 
 
 49 
 
 has drapery over 1. arm, 
 
 bunch of grapes in r. 
 
 hand, and thyrsus with 
 
 pine-cone at each end in 
 
 1. ; both wear wreaths. 
 
 At Ariadne's side is a 
 
 panther to 1., looking 
 
 round ; beyond Bacchus, 
 
 a crater containing grapes. 
 
 (4) On the rim on the 
 
 1. is a water-nymph 
 
 rechning on 1. elbow 
 
 (head to r.), with r. knee 
 
 drawn up and r. hand 
 
 placed on it, her 1. arm 
 
 and lower limbs covered 
 
 with drapery ; beyond is 
 
 a jar lying on its side, 
 
 from which a spring is 
 
 issuing. On the r. is a 
 
 river-god reclining on r. 
 
 elbow with feet to r. ; 
 
 he is bearded, with 
 
 drapery over lower limbs, 
 
 anchor in !. hand, and a 
 
 staff (?) in r., the arm 
 
 resting on a fish or 
 
 dolphin. The design on the r. of this 
 
 figure is broken away. 
 
 Length of handle 14 -3 cm. Width at 
 top 6- 8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. 
 Ixxxix. 61). Archaeologta, xv. pi. 31 ; 
 Wallis, Hist, of Northumb. ii. p. 536 ; 
 Hodgson, Hist, of Northumb. pt. 2, vol. i, 
 p. 228 ; Lapid. Septent. p. 343, No. 654, 
 3, fig. 3 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, p. 267 ; 
 Schreiber, Alexandr. Toreutik, p. 317 ; 
 Reinach, Repertoire de Reliefs, ii. p. 478. 
 Remains of gilding, on Ariadne's drapery 
 and elsewhere. 
 
 190. Part of Trulla, as the preceding. Plain 
 edge to handle, which ends on the rim in 
 scrolls (one side broken away). Designs 
 in relief : (i) At top of handle, head of 
 Jupiter (?) to the front, with short curly 
 beard ; on each side an eagle facing out- 
 
 
 
 Fig. 49 = No. 189. 
 
 No. 50 = No. 190.
 
 50 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 wards with head bent round, in very low rehef and indistinct ; below, four flowers on 
 
 a festoon. (2), The Empress Julia Domna (?) to the front, holding out a patera in 
 
 r. hand over a cylindrical altar ; in her 1. is a legionary signiiin with a hand at 
 
 the top (c/. B.M. Cat. of Bronzes, No. 2733) and three wreaths and a crescent on the 
 
 stem ; she wears a long girt chiton and himation round lower limbs. The figure 
 
 maj' be identified as Juha Domna from its close resemblance to the type on a coin 
 
 of that Empress (Cohen, Monnaies imp. ram. p. 115, No. 121). (3) A narrow 
 
 frieze with vase (?) ; nude child squatting to 1. on a low seat, with 1. hand raised ; a 
 
 cone-idol (?) ; Centaur galloping to 1. ; tree ; mela or cippus ; all very indistinct. 
 
 On the rim, foliage roughh' in the form of a swan's head. 
 
 Length of handle, 10-3 cm. Width 14-3 cm. at base. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. 
 Ixx-xix. 62). Archaeologia, xv. pi. 32a ; Wallis, p. 537 ; Hodgson, p. 228 ; Lapid. Septent. 
 p. 343, No. 654, fig.r ; Gas. Arch. 1884, p. 267 ; Schreiber, Alex. Toreutik, p. 318, No. 7 ; 
 Reinach, Rt'pert. de Reliefs, ii. p. 479. 
 
 191. Part of TruUa, as before, but coarser work, j^^^^f^"-'^'^ 
 with less of rim remaining. Handle as No. 
 189 ; large beads all round the edge. In the 
 upper part of the handle is an irregularly-shaped 
 sinking for a relief-design now broken away, 
 representing a bust of Hercules with lion's skin 
 knotted round neck ; on the 1. is his scyphus, 
 on the r. his club. Below are represented 
 various animals slain by him : (i) the Nemean 
 lion lying to 1. ; (2) the Keryneian stag to r., 
 lying down ; (3) the Erymanthian boar to 1., 
 lying down. On the lower part of the handle in 
 the middle is a rectangular altar on which a fire 
 burns ; on the r. of this are a plant and (4) the 
 Lemaean hydra, with four heads visible ; on 
 the 1., (5) the tree of the Hesperidcs, round 
 which is twisted the serpent, with head 
 stretched downwards towards the altar ; against 
 the tree lean a quiver and bow-case conjoined. 
 Beyond on the 1. is (6) one of the Stymphalian 
 birds pecking the ground to 1. ; on the r., another bird to 1. and a plant. 
 
 Length 15 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. Ixxxix. 63). Archaeologia. xv 
 p. 393 ; Wallis, p. 536 ; Hodgson, p 
 1884. p. 267 ; Schreiber 
 Reliefs, ii. p. 480, No. i 
 
 192. Handle of Trulla, as before, in two pieces (now joined), the top of the handle and 
 part along the rim wanting. Designs in relief : (i) on the middle of the handle, tin- 
 figure of a goddess, probably Roma, to the front, holding spear or sceptre in r. hand, 
 and oval shield in 1., resting on her 1. thigh which is drawn up. She wears a cuirass, 
 and himation covering her r. leg and 1. thigh ; on her figure are remains of gilding. 
 
 
 Fig. S' = No. 191 
 
 228 ; Lapid. Scptentr. p. 344, fig. 4 ; 
 Alex. Toreutik, p. 323, No. 19, fig. 62 ; Keniach 
 Broken across the middle. 
 
 Ga 
 R.'pert 
 
 pl- 30, 
 
 Arch. 
 
 de
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 
 
 51 
 
 Her 1. foot is supported on a helmet; ground indicated below. (2) On base of handle, 
 a rustic to 1., wearing short girt chiton, offering incense at a rectangular aedicula 
 with domed top ; on the 1., a temple standing obliquely, with three columns on the 
 front and pediment above ; on either side of it a tree. Below is a cave from which 
 issues a stream. In the angles are two reclining figures of river-gods, of which only 
 the upper parts are preserved ; their arms rest on vases lying on their sides from which 
 issues water ; each turns round towards the centre, and wears a himation covering 
 the lower hmbs. 
 
 Length 8 cm. Payne Knight Coll. {MS. Cat. Ixxxix. 64). Archaeologia, xv. pi. 326 ; 
 Wallis, p. 537 ; Hodgson, p. 228 ; Lapid. Septentr. p. 343, No. 2 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884, 
 p. 267 ; Schreiber, Alex. Torentik, p. 318, No. 6, fig. 59 ; Reinach, Rupert, de Reliefs, 
 11. p. 479, No. 2. C. W. King suggests that the temple and trees represent the temple of 
 Romulus by the side of the Tiber and Vne ficus Ruminalis. 
 
 Fig. 52 = No. 192. 
 
 Fig. 33 = No. 193. 
 
 193. Relief, perhaps from handle of trulla, in the form of a circular medallion, to which 
 is attached a group of Hercules and Antaeus wrestling, modelled in the round. 
 Hercules grasps Antaeus from behind round the waist and raises his feet from the 
 earth to the height of his own knees ; both are nude and bearded, their heads very 
 small. In the background on the r. are the hero's club and Hon's skin ; on the 1., 
 the lower part of a draped woman (?). 
 
 Diam. 6-25cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. CaA Ixxxix. 65). Archaeologia, -kv . p. 393, 
 pi. 30 ; Wallis, p. 537 ; Hodgson, p. 228 ; Lapid. Septentr. p. 344, No. 5 ; Gaz. Arch. 1884. 
 p. 267 ; Reinach, Re'pert. de Reliefs, ii. p. 480, No. 2. Rough work and indi.stinct ; much 
 bent up and damaged. 
 
 194. Fragment of Trulla, forming bottom of bowl ; underneath are concentric circles. 
 
 Diam. 11-25 cm. Payne Knight Coll. (MS. Cat. Ixxxix. 60). Archaeologia, xv. pi. 33 ; 
 Wallis, p. 536 ; Hodgson, p. 228 ; Lapid. Septentr, p. 344, No. 6. Fine polish. 
 
 E 2
 
 52 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 THE COLERAINE TREASURE (195-223). 
 
 Found in April 1854 at Ballinrees, near Coleraine, Comity Derry, Ireland, together 
 with a hoard of 1506 silver Roman coins, covering the period from Constantius II. 
 toHonorius (a.d. 337-423). Purchased from Mr. J. Gilmour, 1855. Full details of 
 the find are given in the Ulster Journal of Archaeology, ii. (1S54). P- 1S2, the article 
 being reprinted in Niiniism. Chronicle, xvii. (1855), p. loi ff. See also Proc. Kilkenny 
 Arch. Sac. iii. 1854, p. 62 ; Arch. Journ. xi. (1854), p. 283 and xvi. (1859), p. 40; 
 Eng. Hist. Review, xx\dii. (1913), p. 8; Willers, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor, p. 237 ; 
 id. in Zeitschr.fnrNnniism. xxxi. {1899), p. 367 ; C. I. L. vii. 1198 ; Arch. Cambrensis, 
 1866, p. 303, 1867, p. 90. 
 
 195. Ingot, part of ; wedge-shaped, like the example 
 
 from the Tower (see No. 118) ; surface hammered. 
 
 Inscribed CVRMISSI, Citrinissi (a name not otherwise 
 
 known). 
 
 Length 6-25 cm. \\idth 7-5 cm. Weight 4 oz. 445 
 
 grains (150 grammes). Willers, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor, 
 
 p. 237, pi. 12, 2; Nuynism. Chron. xvii. p. 105, No. 4 and 
 
 (1915), p. 514, fig. 7 ; Rheni. Mits. xiv. {1859), p. 
 
 
 XV. 
 
 365 ; Yates in Somerset Arch. Soc. Trans, vni. 
 C. I. L. 1 198 ; and other reff. as above. 
 
 p- 24 ; 
 
 Fig. 54 = No. igs- 
 
 196. Ingot, part of, as the last; hole beaten j through the wider 
 part. Inscribed f mcT ^'^' ^^ officina Patrici. 
 
 Length 5 cm. Width 6 cm. Weight 2 oz, 140 grains (70 grammes). 
 Willers, Bronzeeimer, p. 237, pi. 12, 3; Xumism. Chron. xv. (1915). 
 p. 515, fig. 8 ; other references as last. 
 
 197. Fragment of Ingot as before ; stamp apparently obliterated. 
 
 Length 5 cm. Width 8-4 cm. Weight 5 oz. 115 grains (163 
 grammes). W'iUcrs, Bronzeeimer von Hemmoor, pi. 12, 4. - -x « 
 
 198. Ingot, in the form of a thick oblong bar with rounded ends. 
 
 Length 125 cm. Width 3-4 cm. Weight 10 oz. 350 grains (334 grammes). 
 
 199. Ingot, similar. 
 
 Length 12-5 cm. Width 4-3. Weight 11 oz. 35 grains (345 grammes). 
 
 200. Ingot, similar, but much narrower. 
 
 Length 7-8 cm. Width 1-25 cm. Weight i oz. 409 grains (58 grammes). 
 
 201. Ingot, as last. 
 
 Length 7-8 cm. Width 1-25 cm. Weight 1 oz. 3r39 grains (55 grammes). 
 
 202. Ingot, as before. 
 
 Length 8-4 cm. Widtli 1-25 cm. Weight i oz. 370 grains (55 grammes).
 
 SILVER TREASURES. 
 
 53 
 
 203. Flat Band, hammered, with parallel markings. 
 
 Length 9-7 cm. Weight i oz. 20 grains (32-5 grammes). 
 
 204. Part of Spoon. Oval bowl ; handle octagonal in section, joined to bowl by a curved 
 piece. 
 
 Length 7 ■ 5 cm. Handle bent and distorted. 
 
 205. Part of Spoon, as last ; handle ribbed. 
 
 Length 8- 75 cm. Bowl cut off straight across the middle. 
 
 206. Fragment of rectangular slab of silver, perhaps forming thehd of a box or casket ; 
 panels of ornament with borders of wavy lines and 
 beads. One panel is nearly complete, containing 
 two interlacing equilateral triangles, forming a six- 
 point star, with a rosette of six points in the centre ; 
 they are enclosed in a circle composed of tendrils. 
 Adjoining this is part of another panel with border 
 of guilloche pattern. 
 
 5x3-4 cm. Numism. Chronicle, xvii. p. 104, No. i. 
 Remains of gilding ; hole in corner for suspension or 
 nail. The patterns suggest an imitation of a mosaic 
 pavement. 
 
 No. 56 = No. 206. 
 
 ■JTJIJJTjnTJ 
 
 207. Fragment, oblong, with one end 
 bent over at right angles. Narrow 
 panel with scroll-pattern within a 
 border of beads between lines ; along 
 one side, row of arcading ; along the 
 other, row of larger beads ; at the 
 
 end, an engraved floral pattern. On the bent-over piece is ^^^^^ 
 a pattern of interlacing squares, inlaid on red background ; 'S^g;;,V«.i«.:<.:<.iii3i 
 the background of the upper surface is gilded all over. 
 
 7-5 X 2'5 cm. Numism. Chronicle, xvii. p. 105, No. 2. 
 
 208. Clasp from Belt (?), with lozenge-shaped centre and broad 
 blunt ends, with raised bars across the points of junction. 
 In the centre of the lozenge is an eight-point rosette within 
 a double circle of dots, surrounded by four groups of four 
 dots. On the end-pieces are patterns of hatched rectangles* 
 in four rows ; in the corners, holes for attachment. 
 
 Length 6-5 cm. Numism. Chronicle, 
 One corner broken off at each end. 
 
 xvii. p. 106, No. 6. 
 
 * Cf. the late Roman pottery from the Marne district (Dechelette, Vases 
 ornis de la GatiU Rom. ii. pi. 11, p. 325). 
 
 Fig. 58 = No. 2o3.
 
 54 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 209. Fragment from rim of large dish, vnth six large knobs along the edge, as on 
 the Mileham dish, No. 87. 
 
 Length 7 cm. 
 
 210. Fragment, similar ; nine knobs. 
 
 Length 8- 75 cm. 
 
 211. Fragment, similar ; seven knobs. 
 
 Length 6' 25 cm. Bent over double. 
 
 212. Fragment, similar ; nine knobs. 
 
 Length 9 cm. 
 
 213. Fragment, similar ; five knobs and part of another ; below, floral pattern engraved. 
 
 Length 6 cm. 
 
 214. Fragment, similar ; four knobs. Below, engraved 
 . design of flowers, leaves, and tendrils. 
 
 Length 5 cm. 
 
 215. Fragment of Bar, thick, of rectangular section. On 
 the top, between two shallow grooves, an engraved scroll 
 with vine-leaf and bunch of grapes. 
 
 Length 3 • 75 cm. 
 
 216. Fragment forming bottom of bowl or dish, with part of 
 base-ring. 
 
 7-5 X 5 cm. Much distorted. 
 
 217. Fragment, similar. 
 
 4-3x4 cm. Much bent. 
 
 Fig. 59 = NO' 2'4. 
 
 Fig. 60 = No. 215. 
 
 218. Fragment of rim of bowl, with mouldings. 
 
 Length 6-5 cm. Much distorted. 
 
 219. Bottom of Bowl. Round the centre are engraved concentric circles. 
 
 Diam. 7-5 cm. Much bent up and damaged. 
 
 220. Fragment of Bowl or Cover, with moulding indicating a 
 
 flange or base-ring ; urnamented with rude egg-pattern (?) on 
 
 stippled ground, and row of beads, below which arc the head 
 
 and shoulders of a human figure to r. 
 
 4-3x4 cm. Niimism. Chron. xvii. p. 106, No. 5. Remains of 
 gilding. 
 
 221. Fragment with design in low relief ; draped figure in motion, [j 
 
 Ht. 4'0 cm. Design very indistinct ; much distorted. Hg. 61 = Ku. a^o.
 
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 
 
 55 
 
 222. Fragment of Square Dish. Elaborate engraved design : (i) Outer border of 
 
 Lesbian kymation, on stippled ground. (2) Two square panels with frames of 
 
 engraved lines bordered by twisted cables 
 
 of two strands : {a) in left-hand panel, 
 
 ' cruciform ' pattern of eight leaves (four 
 
 larger diagonally placed, overlaying four 
 
 smaller at right angles to the sides) ; in the 
 
 centre a quatrefoil ; in the field, stippled 
 
 tendrils. {b) In right-hand panel, diaper 
 
 pattern of circles formed of oval leaves 
 
 diagonally placed, with rosettes of dots in 
 
 the spaces. 
 
 8 X ys cm. Weight, 136-4 grammes = 
 2100 grains. Much bent up ; part of base- 
 ring remaining. Design like the patterns of 
 mosaic pavements. 
 
 223. Bowl. Hemispherical, with plain rim 
 base-ring ; very thin walls. Designs 
 punched in dots and circles from the 
 outside, so as to be in relief inside. 
 Round the rim, row of dots, and row 
 of dotted circles with pairs of dots 
 between. Round the body, two bands 
 of ornament divided by a row of dotted 
 circles : (i) twelve circles of dots, each 
 ij in. diameter, divided alternately 
 by conventional trees with fruit and 
 by vertical chain patterns. (2) Six 
 similar circles of dots, divided alter- 
 nately by trees with fruit (a different 
 
 Fig. 62 = No. 222. 
 
 Fig. 63 = No. 223. 
 
 type from those of the upper row), and lozenges containing a diaper pattern 
 
 of dotted circles, with groups of three similar circles at each angle. Below, row of 
 
 dotted circles ; round base, ring of dots ; between these, triangles of dots at intervals. 
 
 Ht. II cm. Diam. 18 cm. Numisni. Chronicle, xvii. p. 106. Much shattered; a 
 considerable number of pieces wanting. 
 
 (6) VOTIVE OBJECTS {224-241). 
 
 224. Votive Tablet to Jupiter Dolichenus. The tablet is in the form of a thin lamina 
 of silver with designs in repousse relief. In the centre is a shrine, and below it, a 
 rectangular tablet containing an inscription. Surrounding these is a rectangular 
 frame-work with pointed base, obhquely ribbed. Above the pediment spring three 
 leaves similarly marked, with central ridge, branching out at the top into curling 
 fronds ; the middle one is surmounted by a crescent. These leaves are possibly
 
 56 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 intended to suggest the form of a thunderbolt. In the base of the tablet are two 
 small holes for suspension. 
 
 The shrine is in the form of a building with 
 two Corinthian columns, spirally fluted, the 
 gable ha\-ing rows of beads along the cornice 
 and a wreath in the tj'mpanum ; the archi- 
 trave extends across to the edges of the 
 framework. Within the shrine stands 
 Jupiter Dolichenus to the front, looking 
 to his r., and holding a thunderbolt in r. 
 hand and spear or sceptre in 1. He has 
 rough hair and beard, and wears a himation 
 round his loins, caught up over 1. shoulder ; 
 at his side is his eagle to 1. 
 
 The inscription (in punctured letters) 
 runs : 
 
 I-OMDGLICHIING-V /. 0. M. Doliclieno u- 
 
 BIFIIRRVM-NASCIT bi feniim nascit- 
 
 VRFLAVIVS-FIDIILIS iir Flavins Fidelis 
 
 iiT QIVLIVSPOSSTIM et Q. lulius Posstim- 
 
 VSnx-iMPllRlOiPSl us ex imperio ipsi- 
 
 VS-PROSiillTSVOS US pro se el SHOS (sic). 
 
 Ht. 24 cm. From Heddernheim, Germany. 
 Presented bv Sir A. WoUaston Franks (from 
 a sale at "Puttick and Simpson's), 1896. 
 Bonner Jahrbiicher, 107, pi. 6, p. 61 ; Cook, 
 Zetis, i. p. 627, fig. 492 ; Brit. Mus. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Roman Life, 
 P- 53. fig- 44 ; C. I. L. xiii. 73426. For the expression ubi ferrum nascitur, cf. C. 1. L. 
 iii. 1 1 28, 1 1927 ; the reference is to Doliche in Commagene, where there were iron mines. 
 On the subject generally see Hettner, De love Doliclieno ; Kan, De lovis Dolulieni citltu ; 
 Bonner Jahrb. 107, p. 61 ff. ; Cook, Zeus, i. p. 604 it. ; Daremberg and Saglio, Diet, des 
 Antiqs. ii. p. 329 (with bibliography) ; Pauly-Wissowa, s.v. Dolichenus, p. 1276. A 
 sanctuary of this deity at Carnuntum in Pannonia is described in Arch.-epigr. Milt, 
 aus Oesterr. 1893, p. 177 ff- 
 
 225. Tablet as the preceding, with similar ribbed frame-work ; above is an imitation 
 of a spearhead with similar frame-work in the form of foliage. 'J'herc is no design, 
 l)ut on a rectangular tablet is roughly scratched the inscription : 
 
 1 • 0-M-DO 
 CH UNO 
 
 Fig. 64 = No. 224. 
 
 1.1 
 
 l.O.M. Do- 
 liclieno 
 Doniititis 
 Gcrmanus 
 v(otum) s[olvit) l{ibens) l(aeliis) m{erito). 
 
 Ht. 22-5 cm. Similarly acquired. Bonner Jahrb. 107, pi. (>, figs. 2, 3, p. 03 ; Cook, 
 Zeus, i. p. 628, fig. 493 ; C. /. /.. xiii. 7342^. liolc broken out of upper part.
 
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 
 
 57 
 
 226. Votive Tablet. As the preceding, but differing in shape, and very fragmentary. 
 It is in the form of a shrine within a rectangular frame, which is ribbed obhquely 
 at the sides and vertically below. From the gable rises an obUquely-ribbed leaf 
 between two large flat leaves which curve outwards ; this part is much mutilated, 
 as is also the lower frame-work. The shrine is a building with two Corinthian 
 columns, unfluted, the architrave over which is arched in the centre to leave room 
 for an inscription ; along the cornice 
 is a cymatiiim moulding ornamented 
 with acanthus patterns, and in the 
 tympanum are a crescent in the 
 upper angle and a star in each lower 
 angle. 
 
 In the middle of the design on the 
 ground-level is a square altar with 
 moulded top and base, on the 1. side of 
 which is Jupiter Dolichenus, stand- 
 ing full face on the back of a bull which 
 is to r. ; he holds a double axe in right 
 hand, and a thunderbolt with three 
 arrow-heads at each end in 1. His hair 
 and beard are rough, and he wears a 
 coat of mail reaching nearly to the 
 knees. Above him on the 1. hovers a 
 Victory holding a wreath over his 
 head, and a palm-branch in 1. ; she 
 wears a long chiton with over-fold. 
 On the r. of the scene, on the same 
 level with Jupiter, is a woman, 
 apparently also standing on an animal, 
 of which the ears and one fore-leg are 
 visible ; she holds out a patera as if to pour a libation on the altar. In 1. hand 
 she holds a sceptre ; she wears a long girt sleeved chiton and himation veihng her 
 head. The background and many of the details, such as the wings of Victory, 
 are gilt. 
 
 In the upper part of the design are remains of an inscription in punctured letters : 
 
 Fig. 65 = No. 226, 
 
 ID- 
 
 /. 0. {M 
 
 DOLIC 
 
 Dolic{he) 
 
 NO- XIBI 
 
 no tibi 
 
 T- DAM 
 
 T. Dam.. 
 
 and traces of more letters are visible on the r. 
 
 ; Ht. i6-8 cm. Similarly acquired. 
 Zeus, i. p. 629, fig. 494 ; C. I. L. xii 
 pi. 8 (an example at Wiesbaden) . 
 
 Bonner Jahrb. cvii. pi. 7, fig. i, p. 63 ; Cook, 
 7345a. Cf. for the subject, Bonner Jahrb. 107,
 
 .8 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 227. Tablet. The form is similar to that of the Heddernheim reliefs, the upper part 
 being in the form of a large tapering leaf with oblique ribs, cur^ang over at the top ; 
 the lower part is in the form of a disc, but it is not certain that the two parts belong 
 to the same object. On the disc, within a border of large beads between two rmgs 
 of smaller beads, is a bust of Helios (Sol) to the front ; he has thick curling hair, 
 round which is a radiated diadem, and drapery fastened with brooches on the 
 shoulders. Behind him are \'isible the fore-parts of two horses, one springing out 
 each side. Along the leaf are four rows of raised dots. 
 
 Ht. 28-5 cm. Diam. of disc, 9 cm. Found at Bala-Hissar (Pessinus). Bequeathed by 
 Sir A. W. Franks, K.C.B., 1899. Brit. Mtis. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Roman 
 Life, p. 54, fig. 45. With this were found other votive discs, now melted down. 
 
 228. Tablet, similar. In this case there is no disc attached, but the design is on the 
 broad lower part of the leaf. It represents Selene (Luna) seated sidewaj's (facing 
 the front) on a horse which moves to 1., holding a patera in her r. hand ; she wears 
 
 ■'***..*:i»*^i ^•^ 
 
 Fig. 66 = Nos. 227-229. 
 
 a long chiton reaching to the feet ; her head is mostly wanting. On the leaf arc 
 four rows of perforations in place of the usual raised dots. 
 
 Ht. 26-5 cm. Similarly acquired. Brit. Mus. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Rowan 
 Life, p. 54, fig. 45. The leaf is much broken, and nearly half is wanting, including part 
 of the design and the surrounding edges ; it is now in five separate pieces.
 
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 
 
 59 
 
 229. Tablet, similar. Form as the preceding. On the broad end of the leaf is a figure 
 
 in relief of Mithras to the front, holding a patera in r. hand and a pine-cone in 1. ; 
 
 he has thick straight hair falling each side of the face, sleeved chiton and another 
 
 garment over it, chlamys falling over the chest in front and caught up on thel. arm, 
 
 and high boots. At his r. side is a cock to 1., and behind it a small altar on which a 
 
 fire burns. On the leaf are rows of raised dots. 
 
 Ht. 26 cm. Similarly acquired. Brit. Mus. Guide to Exhibition of Greek and Roman 
 Life, p. 54, fig. 45. 
 
 THE BARKWAY TABLETS (230-236). 
 
 A series of seven thin leaf-shaped plates, found with other silver and bronze objects 
 in digging a chalk pit in Rookery Wood, between the village of Barkway and the 
 Ermine Street in Hertfordshire, about 1743. They were bequeathed to the 
 Museum in 1817 by Lord Selsey. Five of them 
 have representations of Mars or dedications 
 to that deity ; two have figures of Vulcan, one 
 with a dedicatory inscription. It is probable that 
 they were votive objects suspended round a way- 
 side shrine on the Ermine Street, from which 
 they were at one time stolen and concealed. 
 They resemble in form the votive tablets to 
 Jupiter Dolichenus (Nos. 224-226), and others 
 found at Dodona (Carapanos, Dodone, ii. pi. 49, 
 No. 11) ; cf. also those from Stony Stratford (Nos. 
 237 ff.). With them were found a bronze figure 
 of Mars (now in the British and Mediaeval 
 Department) and part of a bronze implement or 
 utensil. 
 
 Philosoph. Trans, xliii. (1746), p. 349, pis. i, 2 ; 
 Royal Soc. Letters and Papers, Decade i, No. 356 ; 
 MS. Min. Soc. of Antiqs. 1745, v. 2 and xxxiii, 303 ; 
 Camden, Britannia, ed. Gough, 1789, i. p. 341 ; 
 Lysons, Reliq. Brit. Rom. ii. {1813), pis. 40-42 ; 
 Brayley and Britten, Beauties of England and Wales 
 (1808), vii. p. 184 ; Annates encyclop. v. (1818), p. 
 153, No. 84 ; Clutterbuck, Hist, of Herts, (1827), iii. 
 p. 361 ; Cussans, Hist, of Herts (Edivinstree 
 Hundred), 1872, p. 24 ; Victoria County Hist, of 
 Herts, iv. p. 149, plate 10 ; C. I. L. vii. 84-86. 
 
 230. Tablet. In the form of a leaf with broad pointed 
 base, tapering upwards and ending in three 
 points, those at the side curving outwards, the 
 middle one lozenge-shaped ; rib up the middle, 
 with oblique markings each side like the Jupiter pig. g^ = no. 230.
 
 6o 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 Dolichenus tablets. Towards the base is an eared tablet on which is inscribed in 
 
 punctured letters : 
 
 MARTI 
 TOVTATI 
 
 Tl CLAVDIVS PRIMVS 
 ATTII LIBER 
 V-SL M- 
 
 Marti 
 
 Tout at i 
 
 Ti. Claudius Primus 
 
 Attn liber (tus) 
 
 v{otum) s[olvit) l{ubens) m{erito). 
 
 Ht. 51-25 cm. Width 25-6 cm. C. I. L. vii. 84. Much broken ; point on right side 
 wanting. The second word of the inscription has also been read as loviaUs, but there 
 is no authority for such an epithet of ;\Iars. On the other hand, Mars Toutates is a 
 well-known Celtic deity ; the name is also spelled Ttitates or Teutates. and is derived 
 from tenia, a people or state (see Holder, Altcellische Sprachsatz, ii. pp. 1805, 1896). He 
 was worshipped with human sacrifices (Lucan, i. 444 ; Lactantius, Div. Inst. i. 21). 
 Cf. C. I. L. iii. 5320; also Roscher, Le;r;7(0);, s.v. Mars, p. 2399 ; D'Arbois de Jubainville, 
 Cycle Myth. Iilaud. p. 378. For Attius cf. C. I. L. vii. 27, 386, 390, 394. The arrange- 
 ment of the freedman's name is unusual. 
 
 231. Tablet. Oblong form, tapering slightly upwards, with finial as last, but flat-topped ; 
 elaborate leaf-markings all over except in centre, where is a panel containing a 
 
 Fig. 68 = No. 231. 
 
 shrine. The shrine has twisted cohunns with leaf-capitals, and ijcdinicnt with 
 cable-moulding on cornices, within which is a wreath. In the shrine is a figure of 
 Mars to front looking to I., with spear in r. hand and 1. resting on sliidd ; he wears
 
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 
 
 61 
 
 helmet, short chiton, cuirass, and greaves, 
 inscribed in punctured letters : 
 
 DMARTIALATORI 
 
 DVMCENSORINVS 
 
 GEMELLI-FIL 
 
 V-SLM 
 
 Below is an cared tablet on which is 
 
 D(eo) Marti Alatori 
 Dum{nonins ?) Censorinus 
 Gemelli fil{ius) 
 v{otum) s{olvit) l{ubens) m{erito). 
 
 Ht. 18 cm. Width 10 cm. C. /. L. vii. 85 ; Daremberg and Saglio, Diet, des Antiqs., 
 s.v. Donarium, p. 375, fig. 2539. Edges much broken ; points at top and on right side 
 wanting. Mars Alator was a local deity ; the word alator appears to mean ' huntsman.' 
 There is an altar to him at South Shields (Ephem. Epigr. vii. 999). See also Roscher, 
 Lexikon, s.v. Mars, p. 2396. The name Dumnonius is not a certain restoration, but if 
 correct, it indicates a provincial who was not a Roman citizen, 
 adopting a nomen from his tribe in south-west Britain. ?^^ 
 
 232. Tablet of rectangular form with elaborately ornamented top, 
 consisting of a pair of volutes as on No. 231, with a piece above 
 in the form of the tablet No. 230. On the upper part are 
 leaf-markings ; down the sides, chevron patterns ; along the 
 base, panel of lattice-pattern. In the centre is a shrine witli 
 gabled top supported on spirally-twisted columns with plain 
 flat capitals ; the cornice of the gable is marked with herring- 
 bone patterns. Within the shrine is Mars to the front, looking 
 to the r., as in last, with chlamys over r. shoulder. 
 
 II cm. Edges injured and points at top on 
 
 Ht. 20 cm. Diam. 
 left side broken. 
 
 233. Tablet as No. 231, with leaf-markings above ; below, panel 
 with borders of herring-bone pattern, in which is Mars as 
 before, but not in a shrine, looking to 1. 
 
 Ht. 11-8 cm. Width 4 cm. Projections at top broken ; design 
 rough and indistinct. 
 
 N^i^^^iws^s^ 
 
 234. Fragment of similar tablet ; Mars within shrine with 
 twisted columns and leaf-capitals as No. 231 ; the 
 entablature is ornamented with cable-moulding. 
 
 Ht. 7' 8 cm. Width 4-6 cm. Upper part wanting; lower 
 edge much damaged ; design very indistinct. 
 
 235. Tablet as No. 232, with elaborate leaf-markings on upper 
 part. Below, on either side, panel of dotted lattice-pattern, 
 and in the middle a shrine with gabled top supported on 
 twisted columns with plain caps ; at the apex and angles of 
 the gable are volute-ornaments. Within the shrine is a 
 figure of Vulcan to the front, looking to 1. ; he wears a cap, 
 boots, short chiton, and mantle hanging from 1. shoulder ; 
 in r. hand he holds out a pair of pincers and in 1. is a hammer ; 
 
 Fig. 71 = No. 234.
 
 •62 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 at his side is an anvil, on which is an S-shaped object. Below the shrine is 
 inscribed NV V L CO, Nu{mim) Vtilco{no) ; cf. C. /. L. vii. 398. 
 
 Ht. i6-8cm. Diam. 8-4cm. C. I. L. vii. 86. Top complete but lower edge injured. 
 
 Fig. 72 = No. 235. 
 
 Fig- 73 = ^'°- =3*- 
 
 ■236. Tablet as Nos. 233-234 ; top part nearly all wanting. Round the edges, leaf- 
 markings, except along the base, where is a band of lattice-pattern. In the centre 
 a shrine with figure of Vulcan, all as on No. 235. 
 Ht. 8-75 cm. Width 5 em. 
 
 237 
 
 THE STONY STRATFORD TABLETS (237-241). 
 
 Found in 1789 in an urn at Windmill Field, Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire, on 
 Watling Street. Lysons, Rdiq. Brit. Rom. ii. pi. 39, iig. 7 ; MS. Miu. Soc. Autiqs. 
 xxxiii. 306, June 1813 (Lysons) ; C. I. L. vii. 80-82 ; Victoria County Hist, of Bucks, 
 ii. p. II. There are between 50 and 60 fragments of tablets in all, of which some 
 half-dozen have figure-subjects, resembling those on the Barkway tablets. Besides 
 the one here given, Hiibner in C. /. L.vii. 81-82 gives two more inscribed tablets, 
 but the inscriptions are now no longer legible. 
 
 Tablet, in two pieces, with leaf-markings along each side, (i) On a square panel 
 is engraved in very faint letters : 
 
 DEO Deo 
 
 lOVi ET VVLCA lovi ct Vulca{no) 
 
 VASSINVS Vassinus
 
 VOTIVE OBJECTS. 
 
 63 
 
 CVM VELLI 
 NT ME CON 
 SACRATVM 
 CONSZRVA 
 PROMISI DENA 
 
 cum velli- 
 
 nt me con- 
 
 sacratum 
 
 conserva{re) 
 
 promisi dena- 
 RIOS SIX PRO VO riossexprovo- 
 To SA • ■ • EST to sa{lutis ?r)est {itnlae ?]. 
 
 (2) Upper part in leaf-form with oblique markings ; 
 
 lower part rectangular. Within a border composed of 
 
 wreaths are two figures confronted, now nearly obliterated : 
 
 on the 1., Mars (?) with helmet, etc. ; on the r., Vulcan (?), 
 
 bearded, wearing short chiton. 
 
 Ht. of panel 7-5 cm. ; of the other part, 14-3 cm. Width 
 7 cm. C. I . L. vii. 80. Much injured. 
 
 238. Fragment of tablet tapering upwards, with leaf-mark- 
 ings ; below,, shrine with arch under a gable resting on 
 twisted columns with moulded caps. Within it is Apollo 
 to 1., beardless, wearing wreath ; in r. hand he holds up a 
 flower (?) ; his 1. rests on his lyre ; lower part wanting. 
 
 Ht. 8-75 cm. 
 
 239. Fragment, similar. Double shrine with two gables and 
 twisted columns with moulded caps and bases ; on the ^'^' '''' ^ ^°' '^'' 
 cornice of the gable is a cable-moulding. On the 1. is Mars to 1., with crested 
 helmet, cuirass, short chiton, and caligae, 1. hand resting on edge of shield, r. 
 holding spear ; on the r., part of Victory to r., winged, with long chiton and over- 
 chiton, holding a palm-branch. 
 
 8-75 X 7-3 cm. 
 
 Fig- 75 = ^fo• =38. 
 
 Fig. 76 = No. 239.
 
 64 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 240. Fragment, similar. Lower part of Mars as in No. 239 ; on the r., twisted 
 column. Upper part in leaf-form with oblique markings, as No. 237 ; head and 
 r. hand of Mars v-isible. 
 4-3x4 and 4-2 X 2*7 cm. 
 
 ^'8 77 = ^o* 240. 
 
 241. Fragment, similar. Gabled shrine as in No. 239, in which is Mars to front with 
 face to 1., wearing helmet, cuirass, and caligac ; r. hand holds spear and 1. rests 
 on edge of shield. On either side, oblique leaf-markings. 
 5 X 4-5 cm.
 
 6s 
 
 I.— INDEX OF PLACES. 
 
 Alexandria, 7. 
 Aquileia, 70. 
 Arcisate, Italy, 126-130. 
 Asia Minor, 77. 
 Athens, 80. 
 
 Backworth, Northumberland, 183-187. 
 
 Barkway, Herts, 230-236. 
 
 Bordighera, 88. 
 
 boscoreale, i5, 26. 
 
 Brusa, II 9-1 25. 
 
 BUDRUM (Halicaniassos) , i6. 
 
 Cairo, 43. 
 
 Capheaton, Northumberland, 188-194. 
 
 Caubiac, France, 137-143. 
 
 Chalke, 14. 
 
 Chaource, France, 144-182. 
 
 Ch.\tuzange, France, 131-136. 
 
 Chiusi, 21-25. 
 
 Coiihbr.\, Portugal, 81. 
 
 CoLERAiNE, Ireland, 195-223. 
 
 Cologne, 92. 
 
 Corfu, 68, 108. 
 
 Curium, Cyprus, 12, 13. 
 
 Cyprus, 117. 
 
 Egypt, 76, 86, 94. 
 Eretri.\, 89. 
 EzE, France, 8-10. 
 
 France, 85, 99, no. 
 
 Greece, 62. 
 
 GuiSBOROUGH, Yorkshire, 105. 
 
 Heddernheim, Germany, 224-226. 
 Hermione, 18. 
 
 Kameiros, I, 17. 
 Kertch, 57. 
 
 London : — 
 
 London Bridge, 49. 
 The Tower, 118. 
 
 Macon, France, 27-34, 35 
 
 Naukratis, 107. 
 
 Par.\mythia, Epirus, 6. 
 
 Perugi.\, 2-4, 47. 
 
 Pessinus (Bala-Hissar), 227-229. 
 
 Rome, 64. 
 
 Sicily, 5. 
 
 Sofia, 106. 
 
 Stony Stratford, Bucks, 237-241. 
 
 Switzerland, 115. 
 
 Syria, 73. 
 
 T.^rentum, 71. 
 
 Valence, France, 75. 
 Vesuvius, Mt., 48. 
 Vienne, France, 74.
 
 66 
 
 II.— GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 78, 136-139, 190, 191. 
 
 Abundantia, 50. 
 Achilles, 69. 
 Aedicula, 136, 192. 
 Alabastron, 89. 
 Alator, see Mars. 
 Altar, 18, 33, 71 ?, 
 
 226, 229. 
 Amazon, 3, 54. 
 Amphora, 79. 
 Amulet, 50. 
 Anchor, 189. 
 Ankh, I. 
 Antaeus, 193. 
 Anvil, 235. 
 Ape, I. 
 Aphrodite, 18, 38-41, 
 
 and see Venus. 
 Apollo, 9, 238 ; head or bust of, 33, 37 ? 
 Apotheosis of Herakles, 8, 9. 
 Arcis.\te Treasure, 126-130. 
 Ares, 8 ; and see Mars. 
 Ariadne, 67, 189. 
 Artemis. 28, 78 ; bust of, 33 ; and see 
 
 Diana. 
 Aryballos, 21. 
 astyoche ?, 90. 
 .Athena, 8, 9, 20 ; 
 Aurelianus, 169. 
 Autumn, 74. 
 AxE, Double, 226. 
 
 140 ; toilet of, 71 
 
 bust of ?, 65. 
 
 Bacchic masks, 137-139. 171- 
 
 Bacchus, 189 ; and see Dionysos. 
 
 Backworth Treasure, 183-187. 
 
 Base, antique, 28-31, 33, 34, 144. 
 
 Basket, 71, 74, 76, 1^6. 
 
 Belt, part of, 208. 
 
 Boar, 2, 74 ; Erymanthian, 191. 
 
 Boat, i, 77, 115. 
 
 Boethos, 7. 
 
 Bottle, 55. 
 
 Bow-case, 191. 
 
 Boy and Goose, 7. 
 
 Bronze, silver-plated, 18, 19, 85, 106, 115, 
 
 173-175. 179-181- 
 Brusa Tre.\sure, 119-125. 
 Bull, 74, 226. 
 Bust of Roman Lady, 26. 
 Butterfly, 71. 
 
 Calathos, worn by Isis, 44. 
 
 Caligae, 239-241. 
 
 Capheaton Treasure, 188-194. 
 
 Cartouches, i. 
 
 Cassandra ?, 91. 
 
 Cat, I, 116. 
 
 Caubiac Treasure, 137-143. 
 
 Cavarianus, 152, 153, 165, 166. 
 
 Cave, 192. 
 
 Centaur, 190. 
 
 Chaource Treasure, 144-182. 
 
 Chariot, 8, 7 ; reliefs from, 2, 3. 
 
 Chatuzange Treasure, 131-136. 
 
 CiSTA, 138. 
 
 City, deity of, 33. 
 
 Claudius Primus, T., 230. 
 
 Cock, 29, 61, 66, 150, 189, 229. 
 
 Coleraine Treasure, 195-223. 
 
 Column, 69, 136, 224, 226, 231, 232, 234-236, 
 
 238-241. 
 Cone-idol ?, 190. 
 Corn, Ears of, 74. 
 Cow, Head of, 57. 
 Crab, 76. 
 Cradle, 115. 
 Cranes, 72. 
 Crater, 189. 
 Crocodile, 77. 
 
 Crook, Shepherd's, 74, 137-139, 189. 
 Crow, 71. 
 Crown, mural, 33. 
 Crowns of North and South, 47. 
 Cucullus, 74, 145. 
 Cupid, 73, 74, 140 ; and see Eros. 
 Curmissus, 195. 
 Cuttle-fish, 76.
 
 GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 ^7 
 
 Dancing Woman, 56. 
 
 Days of the Week, 33. 
 
 Deer, 105, 138. 
 
 Diana, bust of ?, 73 ; and see Artemis. 
 
 DioNYSOs, 8, 9, 67, 70 ; infant, 43, 53 ? ; and 
 
 see Bacchus. 
 Dioscuri, 33, 66 ? 
 Doe, 75, 137. 
 
 Dog, 47, 49, 73, 75, 139 ; head of, 59 ? 
 Dolphin, 71, 74, 93, 135, 189 ? 
 DoMiTius Germanus, 225. 
 Dove, 18. 
 Duck, 76. 
 DuMNONius Censorinus, 231. 
 
 Eagle, 47, 190, 224 ; head of, 73. 
 Egyptian hieroglyphics, i ; land- 
 scape, 77. 
 Electrum, 2, 3. 
 
 Eros, 18, 41, 42, 70, 71, 77 ; and see Cupid. 
 Erym.\nthian boar, 191. 
 Ethiopian slave, 38. 
 Eugrafus, 140. 
 Eurypylos, 91. 
 
 Fabius Dubitatus, 183. 
 Felicitas, 136. 
 Fisherman, 76. 
 Fishing implements, 93. 
 
 Flavius Fidelis, 224 ; Honorinus, 
 
 1x8. 
 Fortuna, 144. 
 Fox-goose, 7. 
 Fruit, 18, 74, 136, 140 ? 
 
 Genialis, 151, 163, 179, 180. 
 
 Genius, 34, 74, 137. 
 
 Gilding or Gold, use of, 11, 15, 21, 24, 28, 
 29. 33. 36. 49. 73. 78-80, 82, 90, 91, 93. 
 106, 128, 135, 139, 144, 145, 147, 148, 
 150, 183, 192, 206, 207, 226. 
 
 Goat, 27, 139 ; head of, 137. 
 
 Goddess, unidentified, 19, 51, 52 ; and see 
 
 33- 
 Graces, 73, 132. 
 Grapes, 74, 189. 
 Grasshopper, 71. 
 
 Hammer, 235, 236. 
 Hare, 73. 
 
 Harpocrates, I, 47-49. 
 
 Helios, head or bust of, 68 ?, 227 ; and see 
 
 Sol. 
 Herakles, 8, 9, 90, 193 ; infant, 115 ; 
 
 labours of, 191 ; head of, 63. 
 Hercules, see Herakles. 
 Hermes, 8, 9, 29-32, 66, 150. 
 Herondas quoted, 7. 
 Hesperides, tree of, 191. 
 Hieroglyphs, i. 
 Hind, 90. 
 Horus-hawk, I. 
 Hydra, 191. 
 
 Ingot, 5, 118, 195-202. 
 Ink-pot, go, 91, 92 ? 
 Isis, 44-46. 
 
 Julia Domna, 190. 
 
 Julius Felix, S., 137 ; Posstimus, Q., 
 
 224. 
 Juno, bust of ?, 73, 189. 
 Jupiter, 33 ; head of, 190 ? ; Doli- 
 
 chenus, 224-226 ; and see Zeus. 
 
 Keryneian Stag, 191. 
 Key of Temple, 117. 
 Kid, 74. 
 
 Kymation, Lesbian, 8, 10, 15, 18, 77, 80, 84, 
 150, 222. 
 
 Lagona, 147. 
 
 Lamp, 115. 
 
 Landscape, Egyptian, 77. 
 
 Lantern, 145. 
 
 Lanx, 86, 131, 141-143, 154-156. 
 
 Legionary signum, 190. 
 
 Lernaean hydra, 191. 
 
 Lesbian Kymation, 8, 10, 15, 18, 77, 80, 84, 
 
 150, 222. 
 Libation, 33, 226. 
 Lion, 2, 137, 139 ; Nemean, 191. 
 Lioness, 137. 
 Loin-cloth, 76. 
 Lotos-plants, 77. 
 Lucinus, 136. 
 Luna, on horse, 228 ; bust of, 33 ; and see 
 
 Selene. 
 Lunar disc, 44, 46. 
 Lyre, 9, 71, 78, 238.
 
 68 
 
 CATALOGUE OF SILVER PLATE. 
 
 AL^coN Treasure, 27-35. 
 
 Maenad, mask of, 138. 
 
 Marine monster, see Sea-monster. 
 
 Hars, 33, 73, 232-234, 237 ?, 239-241 ; 
 
 AlATOR, 231 ; TOUTATES, 
 
 230 ; and see Ares. 
 Mask, 75, 78, 137-139, 171 ; and see 
 
 Medusa. 
 Massilia, Tyche of ?, 33. 
 /xaoTor, 13, 129. 
 M aires, 183. 
 Medusa, mask of, 64. 
 Menrfa, 20. 
 
 Mercury, 33, 189 ; and see Hermes. 
 Meia ?, 190. 
 
 Mirror, 24, 106-110, 124, 184. 
 MiRROR-CASE, 18, 70, 71, 110-114. 
 Mithras, 229. 
 Mouse, 60. 
 Mut, vulture of, i. 
 
 Neith, emblem of, i. 
 
 Nemean lion, 191. 
 
 Neoptolemos, 91. 
 
 Niello, 90, 91, 131, 133, 151. 154, 155. 
 
 Nike, 8, 9 ; and see Victory. 
 
 Nile, River, 77. 
 
 Nodus Isiacus, 45. 
 
 Oscillum, 78. 
 Owl, 20. 
 Ox-skull, 78. 
 
 Pa, I. 
 
 Paenula, 145. 
 
 Pan, mask of ?, 171. 
 
 Pan-pipes, 71, 136, 138. 
 
 Panther, 74, 189. 
 
 Papyrus plant, 1. 
 
 Patera, bust from, 26. 
 
 Patricus, 196. 
 
 Peacocks, 106. 
 
 Pepper-castor, 145. 
 
 Petasos, winged, 32, 136. 
 
 Pincers, 235, 236. 
 
 Pine-cone, 229. 
 
 Piperaloriuni, 145. 
 
 Priapus, 140 ? ; mask of, 138. 
 
 Prochoos, 132. 
 
 Purse of Hermes, 29-31, 66, 136, 150, 189. 
 
 Quadriga, 8, 9. 
 
 Quiver combined with bow-case, 191. 
 
 R.\M, 58, 66, 139, 150. 
 Rea Silvia, 73. 
 River-god, 189, 192. 
 Roma ?, 192. 
 
 Roman Lady, bust of, 26. 
 Rustic, 189, 192. 
 
 Sacrifice to Artemis, 78. 
 Sarapis, 6. 
 
 S.4TURNUS, 33. 
 
 Satyr, 138, 140 ? ; mask of, 137-139, 171. 
 
 Scourge, i. 
 
 Scyphiis of Herakles.'^igi. 
 
 Sea-horse, 74. 
 
 Sea-lion, 74, 171. 
 
 Sea-monster, 74, 77, 171. 
 
 Seasons, 74. 
 
 Seilenos, 53, 67, 70. 
 
 Selene, 228 ; and see Luna. 
 
 Serpent, 44, 47, 72, 77, 115, 135, 191. 
 
 Sheep, 55, 136, 189. 
 
 Shell, 71, 74, 76 ; imitation of, 93. 
 
 Shepherd, 55, 189. 
 
 Shepherd's crook, 74, 137, 139. 
 
 Shrine, 224, 226, 231, 232, 234-236, 238- 
 
 241. 
 Sickle, 74. 
 
 Signum, legionary, 190. 
 Simpulum, 122, 128. 
 Sistrum, 1 16. 
 Slave, 145. 
 
 Sol, 33 ; bust of, 227 ; and see Helios. 
 Spatula, 130. 
 Sphinx, 2. 
 Spindle, 125. 
 Spoon, 20, 94-105, 123, 1S5-1S7, 204, 205. 
 
 Spring (Season), 74 : (of water), 
 
 189. 
 Stag, 74, 137. 139, 191. 
 Statue, 71. 
 
 Stkicring-oar, 44, 43 ?, 40 ?, 74. 
 Strainer, 129, 146. 
 Strf.am, 192. 
 Strigil, 25. 
 
 Stvmphalian bird, 191. 
 Summer, 74.
 
 UKNERAL INDEX. 
 
 69 
 
 Tambourine, 137. 
 Telephos, story of, 90, gi. 
 
 Temple, 192 ; ,key of, 117. 
 
 Thunderbolt, 224, 226. 
 Thyrsus, 8, 71, 137-139. i89- 
 Toilet of Aphrodite, 71. 
 Torch, 137 ?, 140. 
 
 TpayeXa4>os ?, I38, 139. 
 
 Treasures, see Separate Headings. 
 
 Trident, 77, 93, 135. 
 
 Trulla, 73, 135, 136, 183, 188-194. 
 
 Trygon, 5. 
 
 Tutelary, deity of city, 33. 
 
 Tyche ?, 33. 
 
 Urceus, 147. 
 
 Utia, 126. 
 Utius, 128. 
 
 Vassinus, 237. 
 
 Venus, 33 ; and see Aphrodite. 
 Victory, 226 ; and see Nike. 
 Votive tablets, 224-241. 
 VuLCANUs, 235, 236, 237 ? 
 Vulture, i. 
 
 Water-Nymph, i8( 
 
 WiNNOWING-FAN ?, 
 
 Winter, 74. 
 
 74- 
 
 Zeus, 27, 35, 36 ; head of, 62 ; XvKawi, f, 
 and see Jupiter.
 
 JO 
 
 . III.— INDEX OF INSCRIPTIONS. 
 
 Anu, 154. 
 
 Aureliani S. II., 169. 
 
 Cavariani, 152, 153, 165, 166. 
 CURMISSI, 195. 
 
 D(eo) MARTI ALATORI, etc., 231. 
 DEO lOVI ET VULCA, etc., 237. 
 AIOZ AVKA, 5. 
 
 Etigrafi p. nil s., 140. 
 
 EX OF FL HONORINI, 118. 
 
 EX OF PATRICI, 196. 
 
 Genialis, 151, 163, 179, 180. 
 
 I.O.M. DOLICHENO, etc., 224-226. 
 
 Lucini Vavisna, 136. 
 
 MARTI TOUTATI, etc., 230. 
 Mams, lyz ; of. 161. 
 MATR-FABDUBIT, 183. 
 Menrfa, 20. 
 Mer, 97. 
 
 NVVLCO, 235. 
 
 P. VI, 131. 
 
 P{pndo) l[ibrae) II, etc., 156 
 
 P. s. (?) e I, 146. 
 
 Rusa, 161. 
 
 S. I. F., p. VI. s., 137. 
 
 T. Uti. U.f.p. III., sc. IV, 128. 
 TPVrON, 5. 
 
 Ulia T.f. P. I, 126.
 
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