A COLLECTION O F LETTERS, AND STATE PAPERS. F R O M T H E ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPTS O F Several Princes and great Personages in the two lair. Centuries; with fome curious and fcarce TRACTS, and Pieces of Antiquity, Modern Letters, &C. on feveral important Subjects, In TWO VOLUMES. To which arc added MEMOIRS of the unfortunate Prince Anthony the Firft of Portugal, and the Oecono.mv of High-Life. Compiled by L. HOWARD, D. D. Redtor of S:. George's, Southwark, and Chaplain to her Royal Hishneis the Princefs Dowap-er of Wales. VOLUME the Second. LONDON- Printed for the Aothor; M.DCCLVT. THE O N T E N T S Of the Second Volume, v :.. N. B. This Volume goes on from Page 376 in the firft Volume where the'firft part of this Collection ends, AN Original Letter from King Cbarlesl. to his Siller 377 Letter of advice concerning the choice of Members of Par- liament 378 Letter from Sir Francis JVindebank to King Charles I, 594 Some curious inftrudtions to the Commander of Cromwells Fleet qqS Letter from Sir Henry Hide, Amballador ol Charles 2d in "Turkey giving an account of the affair betwixt him and Sir Thomas Bendijh, Others AmbafTador at the Port 400 letter from the Earl of Derby, to Commiflary General Ireton .103 A remarkable Aneclxlote concerning Lord Shaftejbury Tryal ib, Letter from the Duke of Monmouth to the Duke of Albemarle 405 The Duke of Albemarle 's anf\ver to the fame 406 A lift of King Jame? II Army, with a particular account of their manner of encamping on Honficw-Hath, 16S6 407 A copy of a writing found in a Noblemans Clofet, in relation to King James the II. going off' 409 Speeches in Parliament, Letters, &c* of Lord Howard foon after the Reftoration from 410 to 440 * An Original Commiflion for Captain of' a Company of Foot by Oliver Cromwell **44i A \Y arrant, fign'd by James II. for the Arms of his natural Son Henry Fitz James 1687 **442 The Duke of Norfolk Earl Marfhal, his order to the Heralds, crV. fubfequent thereto **443 Speech of Serjeant Puckering, Speaker of theHoufeof Commors to Queen Elizabeth at Richmond-, advertifing her of the dang r her Majelty was in by the Queen of Scots **444 Letter from Lord Surrey to r W G^.ri of Suffer **4^o Remarkable Title to a d:\d of F o .ent temp: Queen Mary T. **45i Letter from the Arch-bifnup 0. Dubhu Mr, Stcietary Wilfcn **4 3 2 A curious tract of the nature force and progrefs of the Imagination "**454 a Letters The c Letcers, c s"c b:ing put in, in this place by miflake are du'inguii'b.'d. by two Stars, via, *J^ (ill page 441 ii CONTENTS of the Second Volume. Letters wrote by Dr. Howard the Compiler and printed in a Weekly Paper, 1738 441 A Letter from Sir Robert Cotton to Sir Edward Montague 1621. on the ancient power of the Commons of England 465 A moil extraordinary relation taken from an old manufcript 471 Letter from F. Grevillzx. Venice to Lord 473 Inflructions on the bill tor free Trade 478 Extract of a Letter from Dr. Worthington to Mr. S. H. very curious 4.96 A fpeech made to the French King at Verf allies 497 Original inilructions to the Earl of Manchefler, fign'd by Queen Anne 503 Original Letters from the Earl of Peterborough 505 Queen Anne to the Re-publick of Venice, in Latin 508 Mr. TfAvenant to the Duke of Marlborough 509 Sir Dudley Carletcn to the Earl of Salijbury 513 The Mayor of Norwich's expence for a publick dinner with a re- markable Speech 516 Account of the Embaffy of Sir Thomas Wilks 518 An original love letter of Sir George Hayward, 1550 521 Letter from the King of Scotland to Queen Elizabeth 523 Letter from the French King to Lord Sujfex Temp: Elizabeth 524 Letter from Lady Stafford, to Mr. Secretary Cromwell Temp. Hen. 8 525 Lord Murray's folemn Oath at taking the Regency of Scotland 527 The names of the Abbies, whole Abbots were of the Houfe of Peers 528 Profelibr Sandcrfons Lectures on Sound 529 Letter from the Emperor to Ins General Sevcndi $37 Letter from Pope Gregory XV. to King Charles I. when Prince of Wales 539 Letter horn the Duke of York to he Chaife 1675 542 Letter from he Chaife to Father Petres 544 Letter from Mr. Cults [afterwards Lord Cutis'] to the Earl of Mid- dle ton 550 Addrefs of the Anabaptifts 551 Lord Chancellor Jeffries' s Speech to Lord Chief J u Mice Herbert 553 Addrefs to the Engii/h i/rote Hants in King James II. Army 555 Letter from the Queen of Sweden to the Chevalier Torlon 556 Petition of the Fellows ol [Trinity College Cambridge to the Rump t Parliament ;- 8 A Letter from Lord Paget at Vienna 500 Account of King James II reception at Oxford 5^ 2 Account CONTENTS of the Second Volume, iii Account of the Czar and King Williams meeting 564 Remarkable Letters from the Molucca IJlands $66 to 568 Part of an old M.S.S. in the Houfc of Be Dreux 569 Imitation of the famous Soliqui in Hamlet 570 Sir Thomas Sadler s Epitaph 571 Original Letter from Sir R. JV. to General Churchill ib. A Letter from Mr. P to Mr. Cook 57 2 A Latin Oration on the Stage 574 Humorous Letters againft Lap-dogs 576 Letter concerning the Private Expedition of- Mr Trior to France negotiating a Peace 577 A remarkable Letter to Dr. Owen 588 Letters fron Dr. Baker of St. Johns Coll: Cambridge to Mr. Cook 592 from Mr. Henley of Grange, to ditto 596 1 from Ambrofe Phillips, Elqi to ditto 597 from Dr. Baker, to ditto 596 ... -from Mr. IVhijlon, tc ditto 600 An Original Letter from the Dutchefs of Marlborough to Prince Eugene 602 M. Voltaires Letter, containing his opinion of the Minute Philofopher 604 A Letter [as fuppofeel] to Sir Robert V/arpok 605 A Letter of the Compilers, taken from a Weekly Paper with fome paricular remarks and directions for the ufe of young perfons 608 An Appeal to rhepublick in the late Rebellion, 1745 617 Tvo Letters from the Earl of Fffex, Tern: Eliz. 62 7 Anectdote of Dutchefs of Bavaria 640 Original Letters of Lord Ha/tings, Tern: Rich 3. 641 Letter from Mr. Dobree of Clapham, to the Candid Difquifition with his character in a note 642 Original Trad from the M.S.S. of Dr. Baftere C4.6 Letters to the Rev. Mr. Lawrence ori fome intended alterations in our Littrgy 650 to 653 Anotlu r very curiousand fenfible charge from Six Henry Butler 6^ to 664 Some r_rc- k poetry ou a Dog of great parts belonging to a Civilian in Doctors Commons 665 A remarkable Epitaph 666 A very Antient a*. 3 riulcfophical account of Water 667 Letter to Mr. T'heoj u:s C'wbcr, from Mr. Savage under fentence of death 6j 5 A cii/ious arc 1 : Ancient Tr :t on the fecret and natural averfion and ^^~i^)i\ ol ionie creatures 6 y A vi CONTENTS of the Second Volume. A curious and ancient tract on Man's going upright 68 1 A remarkable anedldote of Pope Sextus, &c. 684 Letters to Mr. Ccok 6Sy to 696 A Letter from Dr. Hough the good bifhop of Wcrccjter, in the 89th year of his Age 6gy More Letters to Mr. Cock 6^8 to 706 A remarkable letter to Mifs on her going to be married 707 Verfes to the Memory of M. Concanen Attorney General of Jamaica 700 Verfes to the prefent bifhop of Winchefttr on his Sermons y i0 An Ode on the birth of Mailer Stone Son of Andrew Stone. Efqj 71 1 Epitaph on the Right Hon. Henry Pelhatn, Efq; Verfes to Lord Weftmoreland To a Lady on dropping one of her Gloves An Anfvver to Ditto. OEconomy of high-life in an Appendix dedicated to Mr. Onflow 1 to 58 Supplement to OEconomy of high-life containing great charac- ters, &V. 59 712 ib. 714 f*\ 7f\ A> /f\ /*\ /\ *V\ mm # # ^ 38L 3fe* ^ ^/LETTERS. 377 An original LETTER from K. Charles I. to his Sifter the J^ of Bohemia. My only dear Sifter, AT HoneywoocTs Arrival (being but a little before Chrijlmas) I received three Letters from you, to wit, two of the 17th, the other of the 13th of November (which he delivered himfelf) two of which I lhall anfwer by this, that that concerns Nether- fole (hall be anfwered afterwards. I thought your Love to me fo well known, that I never ima- gined that any (efpecially your Servants) durft directly traduce me to you ; but give me leave to fliew you (and as I think infal- libly) how that indirectly by blaming of my Councels andCoun- cellors, ill Offices have been done me ; I cannot but call it fo, when my Actions are mifconftrued : and in this I cannot be mif- taken, for you fay, that thofe Ways were not taken that in all Appearance were thought ben: and fpeedieft by your Friends on that Side, but that all the Time was loft by Treaties and other Delays ; and this you put upon fome ill affected Perfons about me ; whereas, I dare affirm, that you will find (if you will look upon my Proceedings with an unprejudiced Judg- ment) that all the Error that I have committed is, that I have fpent too much to no End, that is to fay, before I had a good Party made j for you muft not think that every one that is againft the Emperor of Spain is prefently for you - y fo was Sweden, yet I could never directly fallen him for you : As for the Evangelic Princes of Germany, they are now fo disjointed a Body, that it is well if they do for themfelves for want of a Plead ; and until they be joined by one they can never do us good. And now France is to be tried, being much to be doubted whether he will be better natured than Sweden was : Laftly, For the States (let them now affirm what they will) they did abfolutely deny to join with me in Arms for the Reftitution of the Parliament, lor that (as they laid) the Treaty of Southampton did not fo oblige them ; and this was but a little before I made Peace with Spain, it being one of the chief Inducements thereto. To conclude, B b b You 37 8 ^COLLECTION You blame me for too much ufing of Treaties, they now mull do you Good before Arms, thereby, either to make a good flrong Party, or a fair Beginning of a peaceable Reflitution, and I hope you will excule me from making of more needlefs Expences before I fee fome good Likelihood, by a good Party, that what I undertake may be to Purpofe - y and then you {hall fee that nothing fhall be fpared to do you Service, by Tour hying Brother to ferve you, Whkchall, the Charles K. 1 2th of January 1635 Letters of Advice ', touching the Choice of Knights and Burgejfes, The Superfcription. 'To the Honourable Cities and Counties of London, Weflminfler, Surry, and Southampton (to whom I am efpecially obliged) and to all other the Honourable and Worjhipful Counties and Corpora- tions^ throughout the Kingdom of England and Dominion of Wales, to whom the Choice of Knights and Burgejfes for Par- liament doth appertain ; humbly pre/bit theje. Honoured and Beloved, HAV ING lately received Information, that both Houfes of 'Parliament are not only refolved to call their falfe and apoftate Members to a jull Account ; but, for ever, alio to difable them from returning to that Parliamentary Trull and Dignity, which they have unworthily dishonoured and deferted ; I pre- tumed thereupon, that the Vacancy of thole many Rooms which are now void by their Failings, and the Want of thole Worthies, whom God hath (perhaps for our Sins) called out of this Life iince the Parliament began, would fhortly neceflitate the renewing of that Number of Knights, Citizens , and Burgejfes, which compleat the Hokfe cf Commons. I conjectured alio, that the more fpeedy Summons ^/LETTERS, 379 Summons *vould be fent forth for their Election, becaufe the Wif- dom of our Great Council fails not (I hope) to confider, how cafual their precious Lives are who now fuflain the heavy Burthen of public Affairs ; how intolerable it might prove, if the prefent Supporters thereof mould be much more diminiihed ; how pof- fible it is, that fome time or other, Advantages may be taken by the Paucity of the Number, to endamage the Tublic, by thole who wait for fuch Opportunities > and how many Accidents may Suddenly happen, to difturb that Means of a free Election, which is now clear in many Parts of this Kingdom. Therefore being wofully experienced in the manifold Miferies whertinto this Nation is plunged, by the Corruption and Inef- ficiency of Perlbns heretofore chofen (or prefumptuoufly intrud- ing upon that High Calling ;) and perceiving no public Means provided for Prevention of the like Mifchief hereafter, nor any Man privately contributing his Advice, toward the regulating of thole Elections, from whence our prefent Calamities have fprung, and whereupon the Remedy both of prefent and future Mifchiefs may depend : I have, upon thefe, and the like Considerations, haflned to fend abroad among you my humble Letters of Ad- rice; not, as one arrogating a Sufficiency fully to direct or advile in all Things pertinent to the due Choice of your Knights, Citizens, and Burgejfes, but rather as one (feniible of the common Danger) offering his weak Endeavours to be a Means of ftirring up and provoking others of more Sufficiency, to take timely Notice of his Intention ; and to employ their better Judgments, in perfect- ing thefe good Purpofes toward the Procurement of a prudent managing and Execution of your Elections. And I delire, for your own Sakes, that my good Meaning may not be utterly de- 1 piled or made void. For, I addrefs not thefe Lines for fuch private and corrupt Ends, as thole for which you heretofore received many Letters from Lords and Ladies, to muffle into your Ejections, thole of their Court-cards, or of the vulgar Tack, which might be moll ferviceable to their own Dcligns ; but honeftly to difcharge that Duty, whereto I am obliged both by our National Covenant, and my perfonal Affection, to the Common-good ; and, fo to prepare, before the Days of Election, thole of inferior Rank and meaneft B b b 2 Capa- <3 8o i COLLECTION Capacities, to whom the free Choice of Knights, Citizens, and Bur- gefes appertains, by presenting unto them needful Cautions and Confiderations, thatthey might thereby (ifpoffible)be rendred more capable and more confcionable of their Duties to their Country and themfelves in that Point ; and become willing to be instruct- ed, how much it concerns their own, and the public Intereft and Safety, to be well advifed, and heedful in the faid Elections. And, to that End, I befeech you, to whom thefe Mi/Jives do come (and among whom better Oratory is wanting) that their Words or Contents may, in private, or at your Conventions in public, be So Signified to thofe illiterate Perfons, whofe Voices are ufually given by an implicit Faith, that they may more dif- creetly confer them for the Time to come. Left by that Courfe which thefe were wont to run, Both Good and Bad together be undone. That my Advice intended may be the more willingly enter- tained, I will firft make bold to remember you of thofe Mil- chiefs and Inconveniences, which are obferved to be the Fruits of inconfiderate Elections ; and how traiterous you are unto yourfelves and Country therein. I will next prefent you with a brief Character, or Qualification, both of thofe whom you ought to reject, and of thofe who are fit to be elected for your Knights and Burgcjjes in Parliament. And, laftly, I will offer to your Coniideration, that which 1 conceive to be the beft Means for preventing Partiality in Choice ; and fo, confequently, for reple- nishing the HouSe of Commons with Inch Members, as Shall be likely (by Cod's Blefling) to become Instruments of removing our prefent MiSchiefs, and of eftablifhing a happy Peace among us for the future ; if we be not grown So corrupt a Body, that we will not be represented by good and diScreet Men; which, it Seems, was formerly our Fault, and made us chuSe a Representative Bo- dy, in Corruption and Failings, like unto ourfelves. K The Butterflies produce not Bees ; Good Fruits grow not on evil Trees. I will, as I laid, only remember you (for Things apparent need no Proof) into how many Plagues and MiSeries this Com- monwealth ^/LETTERS 381 monwealth is plunged, by the Rottennefs and Giddinefs of fome, formerly chofen to be Members of the Reprefentative Body of our Commonalty ; and how perfidioufly they have betrayed their Truft, to their perpetual Infamy, and to the endangering of our everlafting Slavery both to Tyranny and 'Popery which join': Bondage would have been nothing lefs accurfed than that of Egypt, whether coniidered as a temporal or fpiritual Servitude : And God only knows how long it will yet be, e'er thefe Iflands fhall be totally delivered from the Dangers whereinto thofe Trai- tors have formerly brought them. Thus miferable are they able to make us on whom we confer a Parliamentary Truft, if they be not wife and confcionable Men ; for we give them Power, not only to make us Slaves, Beggars, and liable to the Hangman at their Pleafure ; but to fubmit us alio to thofe Decrees, which may, gradating bring our Pofterity to be Turks, Pagans, and Vaifals to the Devil ; which, if you believe not poflible (becauic not yet come to pafs) believe, at leaft, that which you fee, of the Condition and Practice of them whom you have unworthily and unwarrantably elected ; and coniider what may be further poffible, by their bringing fo far back upon us (as they have lately done) thofe Antichriftian Slaveries which we thought paft Fear of reviving. But, perhaps, Mifchiefs and Inconveniences of lefs Concern- ment, will ftir up fome to be more cautious in their Elections than thefe ; let fuch therefore take notice, that by Heedleihefs in this Duty, they mail make Tyrants and Fools Lords over them, who will fawn and court them 'til they are elected, and then fcorn and trample them under Feet 5 putting fuch an im- meafureable Diftance betwixt themfelves, and others of that Bo- dy whom they reprefent, and out of which they were chofen, as if they had forgotten what thev were ; and that the Reibect due to a whole Committee at leait, if not to the whole Iloufe of Commons, were due to their fingle Votes and Perfons ; yea, fome of their Deportments (hall be fuch, as if it were Crimen Lefce Majejtatis, to fpeak to them, or of them, or in their Pre- sence, but as they pleafe to permit; and they will 10 take upon them, and fo demean themfelves likewife, as if to favour their Clients, to fupprefs thofe whom they difaffect, to ftrengthen their Faction, .82 /COLLECTION Faction, to further their private Defigns, to fecure their own Eitates, and to defend their perfonal Privileges (though to the utter Ruin of all public Liberties and true Piety) were the chief End of their calling. And what Good can be had, or what Benefit can be looked for, from fuch a Choice ? or what better Choice can be made, unleis you ferioufiy, prudently, and con- tlionablv manage your Elections ? JVhen JVo-hes are by the Flock for Guardians chofe> WJ:o marvels if their Skins and Lives they lofe. The only Means to be delivered from fuch Mifchiefs, is, bv humbly fupplicating the Divine Mercy ; by truly repenting our Sins j and by taking more Heed hereafter (then we have done heretofore) that we be not Traitors to ourfelves, in foolifhly giving up the Difpofure of our Eftates, Lives, Liberties and Confciencies to them who will fell us for old Shoes, and ferve us, only to ferve their own Turns to our Deftruction : There- fore, I beieech you to be wary, whom yon fhall know, or here- after, el eel: ; and make us not irrecoverably unhappy, by liften- ing to the Infinuations of unworthy Perfons, who will importune vou, bv themfelves, or others, to put our Bodies and Souls into their Hands; complying with all Shews of Courtefy and Humi- lity, 'til their Purpofes are obtained j and never afterward regard Your Perfons, your Caufe, your Miferies, or your Petitions ; but overlook you with fuch Pride and Defpight, as if they had nei- ther received their Power from you, nor for your Welfare ; but merely to exalt their own Vanity : Or, as if every one of them had, in his lingle Capacity, conferred on him by his Election, fuch a Meamre of all Virtues and Sciences ; and received fuch an Extraction out of the Body reprcfented, that none of his Electors had left in himfelf, either Wifdom, Honefty, or Piety, in com- parifon of his ; though but the Day before his Election, all the Good you heard or knew of him, amounted perhaps to no more, but that he was a good Huntfman, a good Falconer, a good Gamefter, or a good Fellow- who, having a good Eftate in his Country, where he was cholen, a good Opinion of himfelf, and a good Mind to be a Law-maker, was elected by his Neighbours; who had rather adventure the undoing of themfelves, their Pof- terity. of L E T T E R S. 383 terity, and the whole Kingdom > then hazard his FroWn, or the Lords or Ladies Difpleafure who folicited for him : Which Folly that you may now fhun, both for the Remedy of prefent Evils, and for the better eflablifhing our jufl Privileges, with the common Safety : Let your Care be to avoid the Choice of llich as thefe. 1. Men over-lavij/j in Jpeaking, or in taking extraordinary Pleafure to hear themfelves talk : for, a Man full of Words i& neither good to give, or keep Counfel. 2. Notorious Gamejlers, for I never found a prudent or jufl Man among them. For how can he be jufl, whofe daily Practice is to play others of their Eflates ? Or, how can they have Prudence becoming Difpofers of the public Treafure, who are fo foolifh, as need- lefsly to expofe their certain Eftates to the uncertain Hazards of Chance ? 3. Men extremely addiBed to Hunting or Hawking : For, moil of thefe, fo they may preferve and increafe their Game, and en- large Privileges for their own Pleafure, care not though it were to the Depopulation and impovei ifhing of whole Countries, and to the multiplying of thole wild Beafls, which are one of the Curies threatened for Sin. 4. Chufe not fnch as are evidently ambitious or covetous , for how prone thefe will be to fell their Country and their Religion too, for titulary Honours or Rewards, we have had too much Experience of late Years. 5. Men inJIirceJ to Wantonne/s, and with open Impudence pei - levering in that Sin ; for fuch are a Diihonour to that lli^b- callingy and will not only give away their Eftates and Liberties to fulfil their Lulls, but betray alio their own Lives, their Country, and their Saviour, to pleafe their Dalilahs. 6. Take heed of chuling thole who are Juperlail-'ccU Prwd ; lor thefe will be fo puft up with their Legiflatormips, that after they have fat a While in the Houfe, they will be apt to forget they are a Part of the Commonality, and be fo elevated, that we fhall hardly know how to fpeak or make AddrefTes or Complain* s to them, without Danger of being queflioned for Breach of Good- manners, or infringing their peribnal Privileges, which ufually they prefer before the Privileges of the whole Commonwealth. 7. Chufe 384 ^COLLECTION j. Chufe not Men immoderately addicted to Popularity, for thofe have lb many to pleafure, protect, prefer, or comply withal ; that their Wit, Leifure, and Abilities will be wholly taken up in the Profecution of private Accommodations and Conveniences for their Clients, who mall not only be ferved before the Public, but to the Detriment thereof alfo, rather then fail. 8. Chufe not Men reputed of a vicious Converfation in any kind, for iuch will be fecret Oppofers of all Laws or Ordinances refraining Enormities, and conftant Hinderers of bringing Delin- quents to condign Punimment. 9. Make not choice of Men irreligious, or inclined either to antiquated Super/lit ions, or modern Novelties j for the Firft will neither further needful Reformation, nor be careful of preferving Orthodox, Difcipline, or Doctrine, from Violation, nor much regard, fo their temporal PoiTerTions may be exempt from Pay- ments, and their Perfons from Labour and Danger, what hap- peneth to the Dishonour of God, or to the Safety or Perdition of Souls ; and the Latter will advance nothing but what tends to the Eilabliihment of his Fancies. For how can he advance true Reformation, Who neither had right Rules, nor firm Foundation ? 10. Elect not thofe Male-contents, who are obferved, by Dif- courfe or Practife, to be Enemies to the whole Frame and Con- stitution of our Government ; for thefe will prove ill Counfellors, and rather diftructive than helpful, in repairing and curing the Ruins and Diffractions of thefe Times. 1 1 . Make not choice of Children under Age j for to me it feemeth not only unnecefTary, but ridiculous alfo, to commit the managing of the moft weighty Affairs of the Commonwealth to thofe who are not by our Laws capable of governing or difpoling their private Eflates j efpecially, feeing the major Part of Voices, which the Vote of an ignorant Child makes up, may confirm a Refolution to the public Damage. 12. Permit none of thole to be elected, who have heretofore procured, executed, or countenanced, opprefling Monopolies, or been active in extorting Ship-money, Coat and Conduct-money, or in any illegal Exactions, injurious to the Rights and Privileges of the of L E T T E R S 385 the Commons ; for though fome of thefe may now, perhaps, be better Patriots, and otherways affected ; yet if there be others untainted not unworthy of your Choice, good Reafon it is that they fhould be preferred before thefe. 13. Chufe not Men who, knowingly, ftand Out-laived, or fo far indebted, that they dare not walk Abroad without Protections, except in fuch Cafes as may in Equity be allowable ; for what can be more abfurd or unjuit than that they mould fit as Law- makers, who fubject not themfelves unto the Laws in force ? and what can be more unreafonable, than to make the Fountain of Juftice to be an Obftruction to her own due Proceedings, to the Scandal of that High Court, which ought (as much as poffible) to be compofed of fuch Members as are every way without Ex- ception ? I hope the Land is not yet fo full of Beggars and Bank- rupts, that there may not be 400 Men found in it, fitly qualified for this Service, without {training a Privilege in this Kind. 14. Laftly, avoid in your Elections the Choice of thofe ivko make means to have themfelves ckofen ; for, in my Opinion, it dif- covereth in them fo much Arrogance and Self-conceit, that they are worthy to be rejected, though the Cuftorn of the Times made it heretofore feem no infringment of Modeftv, and brought many difcreet and honeft Men, infanire cum vulgo, to be over- {ccn for Company. Doubtlefs, the Caufe of mod of thofe Evils which are fallen upon thefe Iflands, have been occafioned by fome of thefe Intruders. The FaKhood, Pride, Covetoufnefs, Hypocrify, Apoftacy, Cowardice, Ignorance, Partiality, Atheifm, Senfuality, Self-love, and Self-conceit, of fome of thefe, hath dif- fracted, divided, impoverished, and almorf. undone us at this prefent, and the total Accomplishment thereof will follow, un- lefs God fhall give you Grace to be confeionably careful in your Choice of the Knights and Burgefles to be fupplied ; and caufe thofe to purge themfelves by Repentance (if any fuch remain in the Houie of Commons) who have intruded as aforefaid, or been heretofore inconfiderately and unworthily elected by others : For the chief Deliverers of God's People in Diftrefs, and their ablefr Captains and Governors, were they who moaeftly fought to put off, rather then arrogantly to intrude upon fuch Places : And it may be obferved, that Saul was fitter to reign when they C c c found 386 ^ COLLECTION found him hidden among the Stuff, than when he took care to be honoured before the People. The curfed Bramble (trove not to be chofe, The Foreft-King, 'til fome did him propofe. Thefe are they, the Choice of whom, I mail humbly advife vou to avoid in your Elections as much as poffibly you can j vet let your Proceeding be with fuch Difcretion, that you nei- ther expect Men abfolutely free from all Imperfections (left you be compelled to feek them in another World) nor examine every Man's Failings, with fuch Severity, as may fcandalize honeft and defer ving Men ; for the beft are fometimes traduced, and evil fpoken of, by Malignants and wicked Perfons, without Caufe : which may eafily be difcovered, by diligently examining who they are that fpeak Evil of fuch, and upon what Grounds they traduce them or by a prudent and charitable Examination of Teftimonials given on their Behalfs who are traduced. Now, in councelling to make Choice of fuch as may be befl confided in, I mall be very brief; becaufe, by the foregoing Cautions touching the Qualifications whom you are to pafs by, Directions are tacitly given to inform what manner of Men they ought to be, who mould have Nomination in your Elections : To wit, Men whom you know or believe (by their Teftimony whole Fidelity you fufpect not) to be of upright Converfations, unreprovable (as far as human Frailty will permit) prudent, flout, impartial, fober, well-experienced, Lovers of their Coun- try, grave, meek, humble, religious, and rather eminent for their Virtues and Abilities, than for their Wealth, Birth, or Titles 3 and yet none fo poor or mean, as to make their Perfons liable to Contempt, or in Danger to be expofed to a Temptation through extreme Neceffities. Of thefe Qualifications being allured, or at leaft well perfuaded by good Information (and not wilfully deceiving yourfelves, or negligently permitting others to deceive you) proceed chearfully to an orderly Election, and commit the Event to God, without diftruft of his BlefTmg therein, that his merciful Providence may fupply that, wherein your Weaknefs or Improvidence may fail ; and, queftionlefs, a goad Event will follow. For of L E T T E R S. 387 For when our Ways we prudent/y difpofe, God crowns our Hopes , or better "Things bejlows. But, you will fay, perhaps, evil Cuftoms have fo difordered your Elections, that though you have confidered the Danger of making Choice at random ; or, according to their Perfuafions, who abufed your Credulity and Simplicity heretofore j and though you are alfo truly deiirous to regulate your Choice accordingly to good Advice, yet fo much is afcribed to Cuftom (though evil) and the Corruption and Cunning of thofe who are moll: pow- erful in managing thofe Elections may be fuch, that the Well- affected fhall be overborne > or thofe Contrivances perhaps prac- tifed, whereby your Votes may be neverthelefs transferred to a wrong Party, as it hath often happened in Times pail. To prevent this, I will offer to Conn" deration, what I have conceived may be helpful againft fuch Fraud or Faliliood, and conducing to the regulating of your Elections for the Time to come : (And though the Wifdom of this Generation may, per- haps, deride it) I fhall not repent the Propofal thereof, becaufe I am affured it will avail to the public Security ; and mall be both entertained with Approbation, and practifed with good Ef- fects, when the Time cometh, in which this Kingdom muft be reftored to that Happinels which we have loft, and mall be made bleiTed by that Reformation which we defire. My Propofitions are thefe : 1 . That at your Conventions of the Freeholders or Burghers, to elect Knights of the Shire or BurgelTes, no Man's Prefence may be admitted of, but his who is interested in your Elections : For they who intermeddle impertinently in other Mens Matters, do very feldom bufy themfelves to an honeft Purpofe. 2. That no Man be permitted at fuch Meetings (before or alter Choice made) to provide Banquets, or make coitly Prepa- rations, for their Entertainment by whom they are choien : For it is a kiiv ] of embracing his Chufers ; and to me it feems an improper Compliment (if nothing were corruptly intended) that lie who confers the Benefit, mould be at the Charge of giving Thinks; for he that is elected undertakes the Service for his Electors. Ccc 2 3. That 3 S8 ^ COLLECTION 3. That either at or before the Times of meeting about your Elections, you confer together, and take care thoroughly to in- form yourfelves, what Perfons you know, or by commom Fame, conceive to be nttcfl to ferve the Republic, for your feveral Coun- ties or Boroughs, according to the Directions afore exprcfied ; and that you then give in the Names of fo many as are conceived and agreed upon, by a considerable Number of Voices, worthy to be prefentcd (be they more or lefs) rejecting none who mall be fo brought in : And if two are to be chofen, let four of them j and if one, let two, which have the moft Voices, make Trial by Lot, to whether of them God will be pleafed to difpofe the Place or Places to be fupplied : So both God and Man concur- ring in their Elections, much Corruption thereby will be pre- vented : And where Man's Judgment faileth to make a right E- lection, God's Providence (if he hath any Pleafure in us) will correct your Errors ; and if lie hath decreed our Deilruction, what will it the more or lefs profit us, that we chufe our own Deftroyers by that means ? This Determination of Election by Lots, though it may now feem new, was warrantably practifed by the Jews, in the Elec- tion of their firft King, as appears, 1 Sam. x. 20. For the Tribe of Benjamin was chofen, and Saul out of that Tiibe, by Lot, before the Kingdom was eftablifhed upon him. The like Courfe was taken to fupply the Room of judas^ the apoftate Apoflle (even in thofe primitive Times, wherein the Gift of difcerning Spirits was conferred in greateft meafure) : And after the Congre- gation of Believers had chofen out from among the Difciples thofe two, whom (according to outward Appearance) they judged fit ttft for the Apoftlefhip, Matthias was elected, by Lot, out of thofe two, perhaps to be a Pattern to fucceeding Times, in what Man- ner they might belt make choice of Officers, for Prevention of a partial Election. And, doubtlefs, this way of electing by Lot was, in After-ages, purpofely difallowed, omitted, and changed, as iupcrltiiious, by the Fraud and Corruption of thofe Prieits and Prelates, who perceived, that if fuch a Practice mould be ap- proved and perflated in as warrantable, it would neither be cafy nor pofTible for them, to keep the Difpofure of Dignities and Preferments in their own Power, for the Advantage of themfelves and of L E T T E R S 389 and their Favourites, by which they had wanted the chief" Pillar in their antichriftian Structure. This, other Politicians obferving, the Civil Magistrate, in mod States, learned their Subtilty, and have followed ever fince their Example, in vilifying or neglecting Lots ; and in electing of temporal Officers, according to fuch Means or Votes as may bring in whom they pleafe, and effect. that which will be moil advantageous to their particular Ends. Which unprofitable Policy being difcovered, if now Elections by Lot were again revived and praclifed, in the Choice both of Ec- cleiiallical and Temporal Officers, it might be a Means to reilore Honefty and Piety to their primitive Being, in Church and Com- monwealth, where Officers hitherto have been arbitrarily chofen, bv their corrupt Superiors and Patrons for private Ends. Take this Overture into your Consideration as you fee Caufe (for I prefs it no farther) and therewithal, if you like the Mo- tion, take heed that you abufe not Lots, to determine what is al- ready determined or determinable by the Word of God, by po- iitive human Laws, or by common Reafon ; and beware alio, that ye make not God an Umpire in trivial and indifferent Things, which are at your own free Choice ; for that were a finful Temptation of God, and a Profanation of that Ordinance, which, being confiderably and rightly ufed, may be a means of much Good, and of preventing much Evil : For if the Kings Maje/iy, Supreme Magi ft rates, Officers of State, Patrcns of Church- U r c,:rgs, and other who claim the Difpofure of the Profits, and Executions of all Places in Church and Commonwealth, could poffibly be pcrfwaded to refign to the Church, and to their Country refpectively (and unto whom, by moil ancient Right, they appertain) a free Election or Nomination of Officers to all public Places, referring all fuch particular Elections to tliofe un- to whom, by Calling, they mod properly belong; doubtleis, ho- ne fl: and experienced Men would be ftill preferred : Yea, ihould we refer to the Votes of both Houfes of Parliament (when they lit) or to the Votes of the Privy Cowicil (they not fitting) the Nomination of all Office, r of State, whole Places are void ; to the Sergeants at Law, the voting of "Judges, CI ief-jufUces, arid fuch-iike Officers j to the Benchers of the Inns of Court, the voting of Sergeants ; to Clerks of the Chancery, and of other Courts, 390 ^ COLLECTION Courts, the voting of their chief Officers } to Freeholders and Burghers, the voting of Knights and Bnrgeffes, according to lawful Cuftoms ; to the Univerfities, being firft purged, the voting of fending forth able Perfons for the Miniftry, when Church-livings are void ; to the Minifters within a certain Limit, wherein Livings of greateft Value are vacant, the voting of re- moving thither fuch Perfons from inferior Cures, who are raoft eminently deferring in the Church : And fo proceed in all other Nominations or Elections confideratis confiderandis ; and then let the final Determination of the faid Elections and Nominations be concluded, as it mall pleafe God's Providence to difpofe of them by Lot. It feems very probable that, by this means, the Refor- mation we delire would be much facilitated, yea, half effected ; and that molt of the Corruptions now complained of both in the Church and Commonwealth, would be beaten down at one Blow : For if this Courfe might be taken, there would be no Admiffion of ignorant and fimoniacal Paftors ; there would not be fo eafy an Entrance for Bribing-Magijlrates, or other corrupt Officers - y Men would neither fo glory or trull: in Riches as they do, becauie their Tram would be able to purchafe nothing but Things of its own Value; Honejly, Knowledge, Piety, and other Virtues, would be more accounted of, more ftudied, and more practifed ; as moll eonducible to our Well-being here, and to our Happinefs hereaf- ter ; and Men vicioufly inclined, or unprofitably ipending their Times, would by degrees become more confcionable, or more aihamed of their Courfes. Perhaps good and difcreet Men may, at firft hearing, /tumble at this ; but, lure I am, incurable Fools, and incorrigible K?iaves 3 will re mad at the Motion, and never condeicend thereunto: For if they ihould put their Preferments to God and their Coun- try, they would have little Hope of Advancement ; and therefore I neither expect their Vote in this Matter, nor their Approbation of this Letter, for being an Inltrument to offer unto Coniidera- tion, a Propofition fo mifchievous to their Conftitution : Howib- * i ever, the Overture is new made and tendered in publick, Valcat nt 'valere potejl. Perhaps it comes forth in a good Seafon -, if not, God hath another Time for it, whereto I refer it, and the Effect? thereof, to his good Pleaiure. I will of L E T T E R S. 391 I will now conclude thefe my Letters of Advice with that which muft be the Beginning of your Elections, even with a Heart lifted up in Prayer to God the Father, for a Bleffing on your Endeavours, and with an earned. Defire, that you may make choice of fuch Men as may be fitly qualified with natural Abilities for the well difcharging of that Trufl which you repofe in them ; and, by the Grace of our Lord Jefus Chrilr, and the Sanctification of his Holy Spirit, be fo furnifhed and fo feparated for the Work which they mail be called unto, that they may be a Means of bringing Peace again into our Borders, even that Peace which paiTeth all Underftanding, and which mall prevail to the eflabliihing of Truth, and to the Introduction of that Kingdom for which we patiently attend. Amen. 'The Postscript. AS I was about to make up thefe Letters, I remembred (by what I have obferved, and by Inch Complaints as I have heard, how poffible it is, through the great Hypocrify now reign- ing, that when your belt Endeavours have been ufed in thefe Elections, many Members may, neverthelefs, be chofen, vvhofe Performances of their Duties will be wilfully unanfwerable to your juft Expectations (eipecially when by a long SeJJion, or Parliament, the Word-affected mall find Means how they may fecurely know and ferve each other, by fecret Compliances, for their private Advantages, to the public Damage or by conceiv- ing themfclves fo inverted with an irrevocable Trufl:, that they are above Control) : And when I called likewife to mind, how many (fince this Parliament began) feeming excellent Patriots at the firit, have after turned Faces about, for want of right Af- fections and good Principles, to the great Grief and Amazement of their honed Friends. And how many, accounted wife, up- right, (tout, and religious (yea, and fome after they had been deeply engaged, both by acting and fuffering for the belt Caufe) have afterward, through fottifh Folly, Fear, Delufion, or Diiho- nedy, daggered and fallen totally from their firit and juft Re- folutions : I thought it fitting, upon thefe Coniiderations, to add,. by way of Pcjifcript> a Line or twain touching your Duties after Choice 39 2 ^ COLLECTION Choice made, for the better Prevention of that general Deflru- clloii of our Liberties, which is threatened by the fpreadh g of that peftilent Gangrene. And my Advice to fuch purpoie is chieily this : When you have elected fuch as you conceive well qualified for the public Service, you muft as well endeavour to keep them as to chufe them fuch, by having always a watchful Eye over their Demeanors, both in their private, and public Duties and Actions, fo far forth as in Civility, and without Injury, they can be pried into. To that end, you muft obferve their Aflbciates, with whom they moil converfe ; you muft obferve to whom they are moft kind; of whofe Affair:, they are moil zealous; in whole Defence they ofteneft and moft readily appear ; to whom they have neareft Relations or ftricteft Obligements ; you muft obferve like wife what Fame reports of their Affection or Difaf- fection to thole Couries or Proportions which concern the Com- monality, left you lofe a T'ru/he before you be aware : More- over, you muft take notice of their Diligence, Prudence, Faith- fulnefs, or Stoutneis in your Service, to cheriih it by due Thank- fulnefs and Acknowledgements, and of their apparent Negligence or Failings ; that if they be not unpardonabiy deflructive, they might be awaked and lovingly admonimed, as there fhall be Caufe, by difcreet and expeclive Expreffes from the Eody of your Counties or Corporations, by whom they were chofen ; re- membring them lovingly (if they forget it) that though they are above you, being joined to our whole reprejeni alive Bodies, yet (being coniidered apart in their iingle Capacities) they are Ser- vants and Inferiors to their refpective Countries and Boroughs ; and that, by them, they are called to account for every Omif- fion or CommiiTion worthy queftioning, either before the prefent ^Parliaments whereof they are Members, or before the next that mall be fummonedj and, doubtlefs, that High Court will com- mend and thank you for fo doing. This is your Privilege by the ftipreme Law, called Saius Populi, which is the moft ancient and moft undeniable Charter, yea, the Sum of all the Charters in the World, tending to the Preservation of human Society ; and whofoever goes about totrke from you the Benefit of this Law, is not only a Traitor in the hisjieft of LETTERS. 3 gj higheil Degree, but (againfl him fo endeavouring) doth make alio everv tiling, without Exception, to be lawful, which is ne- ccilarv to the Eilablifhment and Prefervaticn thereof. By this Laic, the Parliament humbly requires of the King that which pertains to its own and our Safety, in the Prefervaticn of thole Privileges which are eflential thereto ; and, by the fame Law, you may freelv petition for, and boldly claim from all Parlia- ments, whatfoever is neceffary for the general Safety; and from this Parliament in particular, without Fear of Denial: For lean witnefs their Encouragement hereunto, by their cheerfully ac- cepting of, and by their open Return of Thanks for Petitions in that kind. Now therefore to crown your Elections, ;ind to fecure your own Safety, if there be any of your Kjilghts or Barge/Jes whom. on know or probably fufpect to be unfaithful to their Tra/l } by holding Intelligence with your Enemies; by doing his Duty negligently, or not at all; by complying or plotting with Malig- nants (as in the Conspiracies and Apoftacics of Waller, Hotham, and inch like) by protecting, countenancing, or concealing dan- gerous Delinquents; by cunningly obibrucTmg the Courfe of , .v, or Propo/Itlcn;, tending to the common Welfare, or iidvance of Piety and Good-manners ; by diffracting or dividing the Minifters or Agents of Parliament in their Execution of their Ordinances; by difcountenancing, oppofing, or difplacing thofe j lorn Employment in the .publick Service, who have given emi- nent Proofs of their Uprightnefs, Fidelity, and good Affection to their Country ; If, I fay, any whom you have chofen (hall have, by thefc or by any Inch like Courfes, juftly caufed fealouJies to arife, let (according to Equity and your late Covenant) Informa- tion be fpeedily exhibited againft them, with fuch Proofs and Probabilities as you have thereof, that fuch may be purged or removed, and others (if need be) elected in their Steads, for the abating of your Fares, and for the Prevention of your De- triments ; cither of which are considerable Motives. By this Courfe you mail make thofe, perhaps, who will grow over bold wLh your Tri:/i, to act more honefdy for Fear, if not for Confcience : And eveiv faithful Knlgbt and Barge/} in che Houfe will be both advantaged and wcll-pleaied to hrue D d d rb:s 394 A COLLECTION this Band applied to keep their loofe Companions clofer to their Duty ; yea, they will think themfelves the fafer in their Work, when they perceive your Eyes are open to watch for them, and to take care that they be not undermined and be- trayed by thofe whom you have fent in among them : If the reft be offended you need not care ; and, for my part, I do not though I know they will be vextatmy Advice, and do me what iecret Mifchkf they can. if you, neglect this Courfe and this Care over-lonor, the/,W/V_ ncmt Party will, perhaps, be as prevalent in the Houjss of Parlia- ment, as thev have been in the Kingdom ; and either perempto- ry Cilt forth your juft Suits and Complaints, or elfe make them mifcarry, or be quite ftified, by Committees neglecting fhem ; or elfe prepared and mifinformed to make them tedious if not mifchievous, to the Petitioners. Such things have been pomble heretofore, and I fee no Inch Amendment anions us but that fuch Things may be as poifiblc hereafter. Therefore pracYife according to this Counfel, and do it quickly, before it be too late ; and yet better too late than never : For if we muft perifh, it is moll noble and more man-like to fink, difchandno- our Duties with Courage, than to fhrink from them, and fall theakingly with Fear. Tour true-fpeaking and faithful Servant, f 64^;. and Reme?nbrancer> G. W A Cofy oj an Original Letter (in the ColleElion of Sir Peter Thompfbn) from Sir Francis Windebank to King Charles I. with the Kings Anfwer thereto, in 'his own Hand-writ in?. It may pleaj'c your Majefly, Iliad not Time upon Sonday laft to acquaint your Majefty with fuch Advertiiemcnts as I had received the laft Weeke from Paris, and therefore do now in. all Humblenes prefent them of L K T T E R S, 39 c, ibem to your Majefty, hoping they may now be fom little En- tertainment to your Majefty, which at Hampton Court, among lb many Affares, mull oi necellity have been a meere Impor- tunity. Betides that which your Majefty may pleafe to obferve in the Paper of News that goes herewith, I underibtnd that how - ioever the Atnbaftador o& Venice in France hath given AiTurance that the Venetians will not give Pailage to the German Troupes through their Territerics, yet fom have and do continually paiTe bv connivance from Tircll into the State of Milan, bv that part of theire Eftate which borders upon the Bithoorick of Trent, wherat the Cardinal de Richlicuh much troubled. I likewiie underftand that after the Encounter of Galazzoes Troupes with thole of the Cardinal de laVaktte, in which Mon- fieur^ Moy, and Mouiieur de Cahuzac with divers other Perfons of Quality were loll, the laid Cardinal made his lletrestes to karbrv.de not far from Metz, where they arc now out of dan- ger of being farther purfued by Gallas his Army, which is thought to be for the moft parte on this fide the Rhine, how the raid Gallas will difpofe thereof is uncertain, whether to heiiedge Mayene and Frankendall, o; to bring the Duke of Lor- rain and Jean de Wert oft from Rhamber-Villiers, where they are intrenched, or elfe jointly with them enter into France, one of which they muft of neceffity do, it being impofiible for Gallas, the Duke of Lorrain, and Wert, to fubiift any Time in thefe Partes for want of Victuals, and yet very hazardous for them to venture on any part of the Frontiers of France, the French Kins having now ail his Troupes of the Ban and Ar- rierban, and the new Levies of 12000 Suijfes in a redines, and expecting daily the Duke de la I' alette with thofe he had with him in Guyenne, yet it is thought there will be this Yeere fom Blow betweene them, all the hether Partes of Germany being" fo much ruined as Gallas mull of necefhty advance toward France to find Victuals for his Army. I am farther advertifed that your Ma- Kino's Anfwer. ieftv's AmbafTador in France expects Order from V our Mai elty how- he lholl governe u i >(lt Sf-irthtr oiunSc-c- himfelfe toward the Princeiics of the Bloud -aim / content to allow D d d ? there? 396 A COLLECTION the,?:, there king no que/- there, touching the Title of Altefle which . { i , . they expect to have given them, wnere- unto if your Majefty fhall condefcende, your Majefty may pleafe to coniider, whether it will not be nt: to do it with this Condition, that the like fhall be don by the French AmbaiTador here to your Majefty's Children. It is likewife advertifed that the Prote- King s Aniwer. flants in France complain much of an Al- ' *."'" j'T'^-'!^' tar which the Lord Scudamore hath caufed to be let up in his Chappell there after the* Manner of the Church of Fngland, which being held a greate Superftition by the Proteftants there, they are much fcandaiized at it, and it is thought it may hazard the Intereft your Majefty hath in tlv.it Party, and thereupon hath bene forborne by your Alajefty's former Ambaffadors. This Newes though it be of little conn deration, yet I thought it not impertinent to reprefent il to your Majeity. I have alio thought feriouily 'upon the ; v] NG s Anfwer. bufinefs of Captain Brett, and do moft hum- v., .,-,,-, ,;- ; , bly beeieecn your Majefty to give me leave ',' '. * f't : <) /'.;/(/,/'- 1 1 f fitly Ut J J - J O ..- / -uns tcobn/Ue in the to exprelTe my humble Opinion thereupon, fnf-x-cr^hit now that 1 'have with fubmitfton to vour Majefty's Wifdom, ^J'. 39 /} COLLECTION and of the tn-j (J fpeakc as a Secretary, ami mojl humbly crave your Majejlys Pardon) Hcnefly in this Romijh Ewplovwert /nay better be [pared then fnfflciency. Leandcr and thole of his Side, who do heartily afTcct your Majelty's Service, and do all know it, and have repaired tome about it, are clearly of Opi- nion that this Gentleman can do your Majefly no Service at all, I mof- humble befeeche your Majelry to Pardon my pre- fuming thus fair and the length of thefe, and to voucl me leave to reft Tour Majefly s mojl humble, and faith full IV ejlml after Subject, and Servant, j.Ofiob. 1635. Fran. Windebank. Your Majefly is mofl humbly defired to King's Anfwer* Burne thefe immediately. This is better tbunBurning, It may - .cafe your Majeftv to perufe the E'rl of Ltndjeys Letter heerwith fent, ami r to vouchfafe me Order for his return, ac- cording to his defire. For your moll Sacred Majefty. King's Anfwer. Retorted to yourfelf. Robert Blake, Richard Deane, and George Monke, Aih?iirr,,s and Generals, appointed by Parliament ; , to Command the Fleet this Expedition. In fi.ru dtions to be Obferved by the Refpective Captains of and belonging to any of the Ships or Frigots of the Com- monwealth of England. I. '\T O U ere in the haft Place and on all Occahons (as you J5_ mall he able) to maintain this Commonwealth's In- ter. A and Sovereignty in thefe Seas, againft all that mall op- poi. . \ r ou are to feize and take, and (:n cafe of refinance) to "- : thervvife deftroy, all Ships and Veffels belonging or _;. to the United Provinces of the Low Countries -, a? of LETTERS. 399 as alio, all Ships and Veifels belonging to the French King or any of his Subjects. 3. You are to protect all Ships and VelTels, tiadmg and palling under the Parliaments Obedience, in a way of Mer- chandizing, and carrying Provifions to any of the Ports be- longing to the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, or Ire- land ; being in Amity with this Nation; and fairly and refpecl- fully, to treat all Ships and Vellels pafling thefe Seas, which belong to other Princes or States, in Friendihip, or not in Enmity with this Commonwealth. 4. You arc when apart from us to Advertife the Conimif- lioners of the Admiralty and Ourfelves, of your proceeding:-; and prelent Employment, that fo we and you may be tire bet- ter enabled to improve the Knowledge thereof to the puhlick Service, 5. You are to have fpecial Care, that all the Officers and private Seamen under vour Command, do behave themfclves, juflly, civilly, and orderly, and in Cafe of mifcarriage in any of them, you are to fee them feverely puniihed according to the Laws Martial. 6. You are to caule the late Articles that palled in Parlia- ment, to be fit up in fome publick Place in the Ship under your Command, whereby tire Officers and Common Seamen belonging to the Ship, may have free accefs unto them, to the End they may have no juft Caufe of pleading Ignorance in Cafe of offending againii any of them. 7. You are alio, from Time to Time to Publifh and Pro- claim, or caufe to be Publilhed and Proclaimed, all Orders ana Commands that (hall be lent on board your Ship by us or our Order, and to fee the lame put in Execution accord- ingly; As alfo, what Orders mall be fixed up at the Admirals Main Matt. Given under cur Hands and Seals the 3 ill of March 1653. To Capt. jofeph Ames Ri. Deane, Commander of the Samuel, Georg. Monck. Sir 4 oo A CO LIE CT I O N Sir Hcnvy Hide a Britifh Merchant of great Family refuting in Turkey, and a near Relation, as hath been [aid, of the Clarendon Family, being Commiff- oned from King Charles the 2d in exile, as his Mimjier to Tran/atl his Affairs at the Porte, flood in competition with Sir Thomas Bendim, then Am- baffador from Oliver Cromwell for Place and Pre- cedency before the Vizier Bama ; the rejult of which was that Sir Thomas Bendiili, jbould not only have Place but difpofe of the /aid Sir Henry Hide as he thought pood, who immediately fent him to Smyrna, > C> 11/7 and from thence into England, where he was co?:- demn d and beheaded before the Royal Exchange in London. From Smyrna he wrote the following Letter to Lord Smyrna 165 c . My Deer Good Lord end much honoured Friend e I Am at this time and at this place a Pryfoner contrary to all Juftice and the Law of Nations, and am to be brought over to England, to be butcher'd in all probability for my zealous Adherence to my Royal Mailer, and the Dignity of Monarchy, in opposition to the mock Government of mole Mifcreants, who after killing ibme good Subjects, impryfoning others and then murthering their Leige Lord and Sovereign, would willingly fatten on the Prince whofe Commiflion J bear, laying, this is the Heir, Let us lull him and his Royal Relations, that the Inheritance may be ours; for tho' the caufe of Liberty might bring at riril ibme well meaning and Great Men into an Op- poiition, they never intended toflretch it to a Rebellion, and left the Party when they found its Politicks tainted with Ambition, rind befmear'd with blood thirflinefs and perfonal hatred of his Majeiiy. I expect my Lord, that my landing on my Native Shore, will be Marching with a fure and quick pace to that Earth of LETTERS. 401 I a;th whence we were all taken, but I hope I may without Vanity fay, in fo great a Caufe, that the dark Grave will be to me a bed of eternal Honour. I expect no mercy from that Fox upon whom the Lyons fkin fits fo Awkardly, and that they will treat the poor Ser- vant with little Ceremony when they make fo free with his Mailer. They are in the Chariot and drive fiercely, and like Phaeton unlefs ilopt by the everlafting vengance of Heaven, they will let not only their own Country, but the whole World on Fire. If my Cale in Turkey has not as yet reaeh'd you, I fhall in- form you that in honour to his Majefly, and in fupport of mv Character as his Ambaflador, I fought it ftifly with Sir Thomas Bendijh their mock Officer, and the Affair was to be argued before and decided by the Vizir Bafia, but it went againifc me, and Power and Poffeilion on the one Hand, and Bribery in another, were too weighty Arguments with that Hypocri- tical Mu I] elm an forme to withstand ; fo that rubbing hisWhifkers with a fly grin he faucily told me, that in giving Precedence and Ad million to the Credentials of Sir T. B. he paid the due Honours to that Country he came from; that he was not to de- cide National Matters in controverfy, nor receive AmbafTadors from Princes depofed and out of PofTeffion. That if the form of Government in England was chang'd into a Common Wealth, like other Common Wealths in Friendihip with the Port he fhould always treat it ; that he had great regard to his Rank and Condition by whom I was CommilTion'd, but could not in the prefent Circumilances prefer me to, or even admit me as an Ambaffador from England. Thefe were the plaulible Arguments which I fuppofe had been dictated to him, and when Gold glitter'd before him, and CV/vvrj Bluilerous Cannon fcem'd to roar in his ears, what was to be expected from Igno- rance and Avarice ? and when an infidel cowardly Turk was mv Judge. The iiiuc was mv being lent to Smyrna to be difpos'd of at the will of my Antagoniil, which is as i have obfervu to your Lordfhip, to Death, and if fo, I hope, to immortality. But my Lord, life is precious to everv Mortal, and for the poor privilege of living to know mere trouble, to Age E e e ami 4 o2 A COLLECTION and Infirmitys, we labour and go thro' the bufy fcenes of Life with pleafure ; if therefore you can be any means with the Powers that be (amongft whom you have feveral degenerated Relations) to fatistie fuch a natural defire and propenfity, your Intereft in that refpecr. will be a proof of your Friendfhip and hncerity. I leave my views and poor Life in your Hands, either to endeavour to fave it, or to let me fhare the fate to which they lhall deftine me ; and as I think you and all my Friends would rather have me Dead than Live difgracefully, know, and be allured my Lord, that I will accept of no diihonourableTerms ; for every breath thev give me leave to draw mail be accomoa- ny'd with prayers and wifhes for my Royal Mailer ; I will never do any thing below myfelf and the Great Caufe I have embark'd in ; for then I know what I (hall lofe, and what fliall I gain but a little refpite from a Sentance which Nature herfelf will foon pais upon me, and then mail I link into the Grave with more Dishonour to my Name, than death can bring to my poor mouldering Carcaie. My trufty Man who brings you this Letter is enter'd as a common Mariner, on Board an Englijh Vellel now Sayling from this Place, and may probably without luiu^on convey it iafe to your Lord- ihip. I pray God to preferve the Kino; from all his Enemvs, and bring him fafely to his Kingdoms, and you to his Coun- cils. If on my Arrival in Bonds, thev mould permit any Friends to come to me in my Dungeon, I think I have not a Greater, nor one whole Charitable Vilits will give me more Comfort, or lighten my heavy Chains more than your Lord- ; till when i beg thole Prayers of your Lordmlp, which from the unerring Word of Scripture 1 may hope will be availing to, My Lord j your unfortunate, but ajjhred Friend. H. Hyde. N. }). There is a Copy of a Letter in Anfwer from Lord Darby to Lvtou, han.U- 1 '.mongft the EngliJJj in thefe Parts, t :11 of that Bravery and J']>;glifi Spirit, which becomes aNoMe- and Loyal Subject, it ought to be printed in Letters of GAd Th 'J L E T T E R S. 403 I following Letter being mentioned by Sir Henry Hide, in the foregoing one with inch great Encomium s\ the Curiofty of fame, xvho may not have met with it, may be excited to fee it, therefore 1 hope I /bad be excufed publifiing it in this CetleErion. \ Copy of a Letter from the Earl of Derby, to Commiffuv General Ireton, upon his being Summoned to deliver up the IJIe of Man. I Received your Letter with Indignation, and with Scorn i return you this Anlwer, that I cannot but Wonder, whence you mould gather any Hopes from me, that I mould like you prove Treacherous to my Sovereign, iince you cannot be infallible of my former Actings in Ills late Majeures Ser- vice, from which principles of Loyalty I am no whit de- parted. I lcorn your Proffers, I difdain your Favour, 1 abhor your Treafon, aiid am fo far from delivering up this liland to your Advantage, that I will keep it to the Utmoft of mv Power to your Deftruction. Take this your final Anfwer, and for- bear any further Solicitations, for if you Trouble me with any more JVJerTages on this Occafion, I will burn the Paper, and hang the Bearer, this is the immutable Refoiution, and ihall be the undoubted Practice of him who accounts it his chiefeft Glory to be His Majefties moji Loyal Cnflktcjim 1 2th and obedient Subject. July 16 19. Derby // Remarkable Annecdote concerning Lord Shaftsburys r S I R, THE inclofed is the Paper which I told you of, and you have Liberty to print it, if yni pleafe. Iliad the Curiofity to feaich, and found the Original Minute Paper L e e 2 taken 4 o 4 A COLLECTION taken at the Tryal, and in that, the Evidence was taken, not as mentioned in the printed Tryal, but as here inferted, ib that I am convinced, that was the Truth. / am, Sir, Tour humble Servant, D. P. An Account of fonts Converfation betwen Sir John Moore, then Lord Mayor, his Chaplain Dr. P k, and Mr. Papillon, at his Lordfiifs Houfe ^ April 2Gth, 1682. 6> 'R. Papillon telling his Lordfhip among other Thing m that Juftice ought to regard the Matter and not the Pcrfons, the Chaplain reply'd, Sir, did not you look on Per- ibns in the Tryal of my Lord Shaftjbury f Mr. P. faid, Sir, you can't think it proper for me to Argue that Matter with you or any Perfon living, I did therein difcharge my Confer- ence and my Oath, that is fufricient. We had the Laws, the Indictment, the Evidence all before us, and T will not give an Account upon what we went, and what indue'd us to give our Verdict. My Lord laid, the Chaplain was at the Tryal, and that he did own (as the Lord had before) that we did right upon the whole Matter. The Chaplain acknowledged the fame, but laid, had the WitneiTcs been credible Perfons, they fwore enough, for to have found the Bill and brought the Matter to Tryal j I anfwered, That was his Opinion, but I would not tell him what was mine, nor upon what we went. I faid there were many Miftakes in the Book printed of that Tryal, both as to Questions asked by the Jury and as to what the Witnefles faid, for Inftance, it's laid, We asked whether this Paper or the AiTociation in this Paper was read in the Houfe of Com- mons, whereas there was no fuch Queilion asked, the Chap- lain faid, No, it was asked, whether there was not Debate or Difcoiirfc In the Houfe of Commons about an AiTociation. Yes, of LETTERS. 405 Yes, faid I, it was fo, and whether the Act about the AiTo- ciation in Queen Elizabeth's Time was not read. Another Thing, one of the Witneffes faid, my Lord Shaft (bury laid, he was forry the King did not fee his own Danger, and in the printed Book it is. He was glad the King did not fee Ids own Danger, which is very different. I faid there were many other Miftakes in the printed Relation, but tho' it it was faid to be published by Authority, yet no Perfon owning it, We did not trouble ourfelves about it, but fatisfy'd ourfelves in having faithfully difcharged our Confciencies therein. This is the Subilance of what palled to the heft of m y Remembrance, being Writ down before I Slept. Letter from the D:tke of Monmouth, to the Duke of Albemarle, 168$. My Lord, "HE RE AS we are credibly inform 'd. That there are fome Horfc and Foot under your Command for "James Duke of York, which were purpofely railed in Oppofition to Ut, and our Royal Authority. We have thought ft to fignify to you our Refentment, and do promife cur Self that what you have tranfadted therein is through Inadvertency and Miftake, and that your Grace will take- other Meafures when you have receiv'd Information of our being Proclaim'd King to iiiccced our R.oval Father lately Deceas'd. We therefore have lent this MefTenger on purpofe to Intimat the fame to You, and it is our Royal Will and Pleafure and We do hereby llriclly Charge and Command you upon Notice and receipt hereof; To Ceafe all Hoftilities and Force of Arms again!! Us and all our loving Subject ; And that your Grace would Immediately repair to our Camp, where von mail not faile of Kind and Hearty Reception from Us ; And in Default of the Prcmiiies, We mail be Oblig'd to Proclaim you and all thoie under your Command Rebells, and Traitors, and lhall Prolecute both them and You accordingly Yet W T e Allure our Self your Grace; A.O-J A COLLECTION Grace will Pav a ready Obedience to our Command. Where- fore wc bid vou heariilv farewell J8 7b c*/r Trn : and Welbelrccd Coiifin and Car:- fellor Chrifconher Duke ^/'Albemarle. J. R. 7jb Duke of Albemarle' j Anfwer by the fame Mejfenger. have receiv'd your Letter, and do not doubt but you would ufe me very kindly if you had me, and fince that you have given yourfelf the trouble of an Invitation ; This is to let you know that 1 never was nor will be a Rebell to my Lawful 1 King who is James the Second, Brother to my Lte Dear Matter Charles the Second If you think I am in the wrong; and vour Self in the Right, when ever we meet I do not doubt but the Juftice of my Cauie mall iufficiently convince you that vou had better have let this Rebellion alone, and not to have out the Nation to fo much Trouble, To James Scott, late Duke of Monmouth Albemarle. Dear Oii' NO WING you to be a hearty Friend of that glorious j ^ Revolution w Inch deliver'd us from Popery and Arbi- trary Power, and procur'd for us the bleffmgs we now enjoy under the unblemifhable legal and mild Adminftration of that illuflrious Prince by whom we are govern d ; I have taken the Liberty to lend you a very curious draught of K: 'James the Se- cond's Army, which was lent at that time in a Letter to a certain great Man very lately deceas d wherein it was filled an invinci- ble Army, which all Holland and the protectant Powers united couki not overthrow not defeat the Views of that Prince, to bring tins obltinateNation in dutiful fubjetion to the See oiRome. As of LETTER S. 407 As this will flicw the wonderful hand of Providence, in the fucccfs - f our great ana immortal Deliverer, againft thefe Pcpijh Menaces and the lv .'led Strength and Grandeur of this Army, and as it may be a curioiity to fbmethat may have never fcen it, and cannot without great dimculty get it j I think, in the prefent Military Tafte, it will not be hup: -. tor vou to infert in your Collection, and may be an Entertainment to your iTicnds, as it was to Fours ^ &"Y. Jmcr-Temple, November ill 1749. T. P. A Lift of KingJrtWf.s's Army or Hc::;:/.c-jj Heath a? they ! ay encamped, with the Name? of all 'he General! and Field Officers, Colour of their Cloaths, Number of Men, and Marine: of I u- cam} ing, Is':. Jum 30th \(M . I iis Majesty GencrailiMirr.o Earl of Craven 1 };-ir] of Feveribam I Lic*tenant Generals Ihii] r.f Durbart< n J >ir John Phenwick ") >h John Lannerc ( p . . ,. . .,* , .,, >i>ricradier General ( Col. Kirkt Lor d Ch. i; cm: ( Col . Vi ': Lnen >. ,t ., : nr Ge ne: ah Col . Ml'.C! scy \ Col. O.ix c "l .- r <-. , Ci rr.l Col, Ram s Col . Mr v - '_] Qe urt' i' I via i ' e .' ( Eo d R; r Eii \\ J'; ?r '.".>.-. <^i ;. Si; . ;; Co: mv.i.T; irv G . ,:-., Lor. .1 Dar tn.m ,th Gc: h J O 1 Earl of Oxford 2 M::j. Gen. WorthciEs ; Queen Dowager's f Shrewsbury Horfe on the PJghr. Field Officers Names. CmourofClcath;. Companies. each. M n. Regiments f E. of Oxford Col. 1 < Sir Fra. ComptcnL. Ccl '- Blue hrfd v.hh red o -o . -o ( Liricco'i Maj. J fMaj. Gen WorthenCol. "j -1 Barni. Howard L. Col i-Rt-dliifd with led 6 e.o mm L Morgan Maj. .; f Lord Lumky Col. " 1 < Vernon L. Col. > Red liifd v.kh o reo ', .-, zjp f Cunningham MEi. j f E. of Shrewsbury Col. ~1 -J Coy L. Col. [ Red EEd with '-.ufT ^_ foiir. Skelton Maj. } f E. of hmrb rou :,h CM ") I of i\ terborom h 's Sir John . ail t L. C\ I. ; R< > ; ''' \ \ :il: red 6 ..o : : 3 L Chilean Maj. J Foot 1 Ti- ; 1! b. ict all ion, Col. ? f 1A <- r > .- r > 1 "1 D 1 < ' ' o : - ^ ,, '. i- i D. 01 GrrrtonCol. I Red nr. 1 v t.. :.w:.\ .. , .'M^ummdant M .,-;,.. ;.,,,. L< CnL I j,,.^ ;,.. . ; y liJ 'V- s ,3^ att!llll0n i ]Kr,-;itliaftiii..,xV;:.;. m:.E: n y Cor.: . ) ' .5 <- :. o- Cra.-er.'s illBar- f E. of Craven Col. V" .':..' ' : !v.e, ^ ., - .1. ..' j. IlewitCom- Cob mieh.ville L. Col. / [:E:l ' jei.hr- a:. J - j ' ;nt / liewitMaj. jv.iiu :-;...,< 41 i !! ".all: on of S. otch C Sir jam'- /;"> E as C E " Re.: iin'd v ... . Ciuiid--, Maj. Murray < v\"ond umL.Col.^v.h - brceei.ea and 7 - ' '- Ci. mnu'ndant / Sir Ciiariei Murray ..mi. < flovkmi;, . 4 oS si COLLECTION SSir Cha LittletonCol. 1 Red lin'd withyellow, Nicholfon L. Col. >grey breeches and 12 50 600 BaggotMaj. j ftockings r Sir Then TO^lcthorp Col. 1 Red lin'd witft afh, ( Colonel Ogletkorp's 3 Lord Hunfdon L. Col. > a Hi colour'd breeches 12 50 600 ^ Starling Maj. 3 an< ^ dockings r K. of Huntington Col. 1 Redlin'dwithyellow, - Earl Huntington's ! Eeid. Hattings L.Col. > yellow breeches grey 10 50 500 (_ Morgan Maj. j dockings Z. of Litchfield Col. 1 Red lin'd with white, S Karl of Litchfield's < Salisbury L. Col. [blue breeches and io 50 500 Trapps Mai. J ltockings f M, of Worccfter Cc slter's < Sir John Hanmore I CarrMaj. rE. of Bath Col. 1 Blue laid with red < Sir Nich.SlanningL.Col. tred breeches anc (_ SirCha. Carney Maj. j ltockings \)1. 1 Red lin'd with tawny, Marquis of Worcelter's { Sir John Har.more L.C. [tawny breeches and to ltockings E. of Bath Col. 1 Blue lmd with red, ic Earl of Bath's { Sir Nich.SlannineL.Col. Cred breeches and 10 50 5 c Charles Kirk Col. 1 Red lin'd with ereen 11 Colonel Kirk's -J Kirk L. Col. [green breeches and 10 t Lefiey Maj. J white 'lockings 1" E. of Dumbarton Col. 1 Redlin'd with white, 1 il. o: jL'unoarton v_oi. 1 Return a wnti wnite, j Douglas L. Col. [grey breeches and ii,iGre- 5c (_ Douglas Maj. J ltockings nadiers 1: Earl of Dunbarton's Horfe on the left f E.of Plimouth Col 1 Earl of Plimcuth's J Sunderland L. Col. S> Red lin'd with green 6 40 / Worthcn Maj. rE.ofScarfdaleC'oI. j 2 Ea.l of Scarfdale'3 1 Langton L. Col. > Red lin'd with yellow 6 40 240. (_ I\crton ?viaj. j >f Arran Col. Needbv L. J ) ,,-,.. 1 with w hitf- n k a hes " t v f E. of Arran Col. 1 n , ,. ,, ., ... \ xr 1, T r , , / Red lm d with white, < Meedbv L. Col. > - , , . ril .- ,-. ) ,, , ,, . f with white ink iaihes (_ 1 ar-ier Ah.j. J f Sir John Lannerc Col. "j < Legg L. Col. I Red lin'd with yellow 6 Sir William Board ?Jaj. J f Sir fohn Lannerc Col. 4 The Queen's J Legg L. Col. I Red lin'd with yellow 6 40 240 Dragoons f Lord Cornbury Col, ~i 1 The King's J L. Col. V 6 t Maj. i Charles Bartlett Co!. 6 40 240 40 2 40 (Charles Bartlett Col. } Princcfs of Denmark's J I. Col 5- l HalleyMaj. J {D. of Soinenet Col. T L. Col. V 6 40 240 Maj. J {Lord Dartmouth Col. 1 Red lin'd with yellow, Saintclare L. Col. [grey breeches and 12 5c 600 Soper Maj. J Jtockings 1 miners Gunners 56 ) Matroffes 28 ) Note, That onlv private Ccntinels are reckoned 1 o , 44 Their ^/LETTERS. 409 Their Manner of Encamping. The Horfe, Foot, and Dragoons are encamped in a direct Line, the Intervals between each Regiment of Hone about 50 paces, the Interval between the Foot 70 paces, the Intervals between the Horfe of the Left and the Dragoons (because of the Ground) is near half a Mile The Lieutenants and Lnfigns Tents in the Rear or tiieir refpective Companies in adiredt Line, ' 7 paces from the Soldiers Hutts or Tents, the Captains Tents 12 paces behind the Lieutenants, the Colonels Tents behind the Captains 10 paces, the Lieutenant Colonel on the Right of the Colonel, and the Ma- jor on the Left in a direct Line. Sir John Phenwick (as eldeft Brigadier) his Tent in the Rear of the Center of the Horf: on the Right, 20 paces behind the Colonels Tents. Sir John Lannerc (as 2d) in ihc Rear of the Left Regiment of Horfe on the Left. Colonel Sackville (as 3d) in the Rear of the Interval between Lord Craven's Regiment and the Scotch Guard.;. Colonel Kirk's (as 4th) in the Rear of the Interval between his own and the Earl of Bath's Regiment, all four in a direct Line. The King's Quarters is in the Rear of the Left of the Horfe on the Left, in an inclofed Field, in which Quarter are the following Tents, w'z, The King's Tent and Chappell "j Lord Churchilis /The Generals Quarters is be- f Earl ofFeveriham* Adjutant Generals I hind the Kings, in which J Col. Worthens ()uarttr Mailer Gencrails ( are thele Tents, viz. ) Lord Ranelagh Sir Charles Murray* I (_Col. Orbe iiirl of Dunbartons -^ The Fuziliers are encamped in the Rear of the Line, a good Diftance behind th.- Interval between the Earl of Cravens Regiment and the Scotch Guards, and in fe- veral Parties about the Store Carriages. The Guns are planted about 100 pace* before the Line, before the Interval between the Scotch Guards and Prince George' Regiment, guarded by a Party of Fuziliers, each Gun having 2Gunners and a Ma- troife to attend it. 1 he Queen's Scaffold was about 150 paces to the Right of the Guns, fomething more advanced from the Line. The Suttlery Booths are abouc 100 paces in the Rear of the Line. N.ote, That beftdes the Forces abovementioned there were three Troops of the Horfe-Guards and Granadiers this Day. The following writing was found in the M s ofH s Clofet, in Relation to King James the Second 1 s going off ^ given to my Collection by Capt. Fletcher, a Ge?itle- nian well blown and of Jlrict Honour and Integrity. HP H E Kings efcape was not without the Prince of Oranges J_ privity, for the King fent the Lord H. to the Prince to ibllicit him on his behalf, and the Prince anfwered he could clo nothing for him; for no Law wou'd fave him ; and produe'd a fteel box of the Kings, wherein was a covenant and league written moft of it with the King's own hand, fealed and fub- fcribed by the Pope, the French King, and the King of Eng- land, binding thcmfelves to extirpate and root out in all halt, the whole Proteftants of Europe ; each of their Seals were ap- pended ; this the Prince fhew'd to the Lord H. and faid, Fff My 4 io A COLLECTION My Lord, T fhou'd not read it myfelf, nor let any other read it to you, but read you it, and as you love the life and tender the welfare of your Self and of your Family do not prejudice it, but after reading reltore it to me; which being read by the Lord H. he was attonilhed, and faid he couid fay nothing in the Kings behalf, he immediately went to the King, and told him, he had undone us all, himfelf, his Family and Pofterity and the name of the Stuarts for ever, the King oppos'd it lay- ing, what have I done ? it is not fo ? he anfwer'd, yes Sir, vou have undone yourfelf ; how ? fays the other, with your own hand, laid he, for I have fecn a Covenant with three Seals ap- pended, Yours, the French Kings and die Popes ; Saw you it, fays the King ? I did Sir, quoth the other j can you fwear it is my hand fays the King ? Yes, laid the other, and I will fwear like wife it is the French Kings hand, for I know both your hands, and the moll part is written with your own hand, and this I will fwear. Then the King of England clapt his hands with. forrow, and beat his breaft crying out, undone, undone for ever. The way how this was difcovered was as followeth ; the Steel box with the paper in it was fent to the Emperor to fubferibe, and he out of difrefpec~t to the French King, let the Duke of Lorrain fee it, he being at that time outed of his two Dukedoms of Lorrain and Bar, lying within the territorys of the French King, and knowing that the Pr. of Orange had the fame mea- fare by the French King, being outed of his Principality of Orange, &c. lying within the lame Territories, with all, he himfelf having a hearty malice at the French King fent this fteel box to the Prince of Orange, which was the lirft thing that bred alj this in the Prince of Oranges breaft, yet out of duty and affection to the King of England his Father in Law, he fent him to Cobham-Cajile a place near the Sea and thirty miles from London, that he might the more eafily make his efcape. Speeches in Parliament, Letters, &?c. (as endcrfed on the MSS.) of Lord Howard, after the Reflora- t ion from 1660 to 1673, but not regularly dated. A Speech in Parliament. Stand not up (Sir) to oppofe any thing contained in this Bill ; It is a Bill moil worthy of fuch a Parliament, molt fuitable and agreeable to that Loyalty, Duty and Allegiance of LETTERS, 41s which all Englifimcn owe, and which, to your eternal Honour, as the. true Reprefentatives of the People, you have, upon allOc- cafions exprefl your Readinefs and Forwardnefs to pay, with all handfome Circumflances, and moflemphatical Demonflrations of a real, cordial and moil fincere Affection to his Majefly. Wc now find, Sir, the Truth of that Maxim confirmed to us, ex- pejjimis mcribus optima nafcwitcr leges. The Debauchery of wicked Men, and the Iniquity of evil and corrupt Times have always been the Production of the bed and rnofl prudential Laws. I fpeak not this, Sir, as if I were about to accufe the good. wholfome, wife, and prudent Laws of this Nation, of fo great an Overfight as the Neglect of the Prefervation of the facred Perions of our Kings, in whom are bound up the Safety, Wel- fare Peace and Happinefs of this Kingdom ; this were an Hypo- thecs not to be allowed, nor can any Man, who is not out of his Wits, imagine, that what you are now doing is grounded upon fitch a Suppofition, or capable of fuch an Interpretation. The very Phrafe and Words of the Bill do plainly enough evince, that it is not intended to be an Act constitutive and creative of v/n ,k, . u efote was not, but explanatory and declaratory ef what before was, and ever has been ; and certainly, Sir, fince, in thefe our Days there has flarted up a curfed, impious and moil auda- cious Generation of Men, who, having not only like thofe Giants in the Fable, bid Defiance to Heaven, made War with the Gods, defpifed and contemned Authorities* affront a Majefly, and moil impudently affafTinated and murdered the befl of Princes ; % but have alfo endeavoured to gild and paint over this their Wicked- nefs with the Name of Jufiice, and by their crafty Prevarications, cunning Infinuations, and falfe abufive Gloffes upon this Law, have been fo powerful upon the Minds of common, filly and ignorant People as to imprefs upon them an Opinion and Be- lief of the Legality of what they have done ; who is there that will not think itnecefTary,atlafl, that fomethingfhould come from you to flop the fpreading Contagion of the Doctrine of thefe Devils, to reclaim Men from the dangerous Error of fuch a Paradox, and to recal them again to their wanted due Reve- rence and Adoration of thofe who have ever been held and truly filled Gods upon Earth. To this End, Sir, this declarative Claufe of this Bill iee'ms to be excellentlv well accomodated, and I would hope, that it may be effectual for thofe Purpofes for F f f 2 which 4 i2 A COLLECTION which you intend; yet give me leave to tell you, Sir, that in my Appruieniion there is fon ething wanting. You are pleafed, Sir, to think fit, that it be declared, that neither one nor both Houfes of Parliament have, or by the Laws of this Nation can pretend to have any coercive Power upon the Perfon of their King. This is a very good Declaration, and fuch an one as will undoubtedly be able to juftify itfelf by the har- monious Confent of all the Laws of this Nation; but this, Sir, does but lop off one of the Branches of Rebellion ; this does not put the Axe clofe to the Root of the Tree. Alas, Sir ! to what Purpofe will it be to declare, that a King ought not to be murdered, unlefs you alfo take care that, a King may not a.t any time by rebellious Arms be conquered ; and how can it be^ thought, that you would, as much as in you lies, give Prevent tion for the Future to the bold Undertaking of a rebellious Hand, unlefs you do clearly determine, even to the Underftand-- ing of the moil: iimple and ignorant, in whom, and in whom, -alone reft a Power of calling the Nation into Arms. This I dare lay down for an AiTertion, as that which does molt naturally prove itfelf, that .in whomfoever is lodged a Power of taking up of Arms, to them muft alio be allowed the Exercife of, that Power, when, and as often as they think a fit Occafion, for the Rule holds as true in Politics as it does in Phyiic, frujlra datur potent i a ejus quod nunquam ejl in affu. And to whomfoever is allowed an Authority to take up Arms, . to them alfo be allowed an Authority to fight with, kill and deftroy all that make Refiftance againft them ; and to whomfo- ever it is allowed to fight, to them alfo it muft be allowed to conquer if they can; and to whomfoever is allowed a Right of conquering, to them alio muft be allowed a Liberty of improv- ing a Victory ; and what will be judged a due Improvement; none but the Conqueror muft undertake to determine. It therefore, Sir, you fufTer this Error to remain fixed and ra- dicated in the Minds of Men, that there is an Authority in the Nation feperate and diftinct from the King's which can juftify the People in taking up Arms againft their lawful Prince, though it be but under the Name of defenfive Arms only, and that for the Preservation of the Laws againft arbitrary and tyranical Pro- ceedings (the always pretended Excufe for fuch Undertakings.) Do you thinkj Sir, you have made the King's Perfon one Jot the o/ LETTERS. 413 the fafer by declaring, That no coercive Power ought to be ex- ercifed over him.^Will a Rebel, think you, made proud by Vic- tory, be led to ftand by fuch a Declaration ? Will an infolent Conqueror confine himfelf within the modeft. Bounds and Limits of your Laws? Can it be imagin'd, that a poor Parchment Record mall put a Stop to him, who has made the ftrongefi: Forts and Catties to fall down before him ? No, Sir, none but that Om- nipotent One who fets Bounds to the raging Sea, can fay to that proud. Wave,- Thou malt go thus far, and no farther. The Truth.of this, Sir, is too fully proved to you by fad Experience, and it is fcom that Experience that Tarn emboldened thus to fpeak. Did I believe that you intended nothing more than a mere Compliment to the King, I mould be as ready as any one to confels, that this Bill, as it is now framed, would ferve well enough for that Purpofe; but I am confident, Sir, that if we would (as that I am fure is your Defign) prevent this bad Ef- fect, you muft be careful in time to ftrangle it in the dark Womb of its mod: remote Caufes. If you would avoid the flinging of the fiery Serpent, you muft break early the Cockatrice's Eggs. If you would have your Kings fafe, you mufr. block up all thoie Avenues and Acceifes by which Parricides have formerly made their Approaches to the facred Throne. I am not ignorant, Sir, that fome perhaps may be. ready tu obj eel:, and fay, that the undoubted fole Power of the Militia is in the King, and that therefore a Declaration of this would be altogether unneceffary, there being none, or but very few, who do believe, that a War raifed under the Pretence of any other Authority, deferves any better Name than Rebellion: For if there be few or none that do believe, that it is juftifiable to take up Arms againft the King ; then certainly there are fewer who do believe. that a King is accountable to his Subjects, and can be arraigned and executed as a Criminal ; fure I am, that if there be none to believe the firfl, there will be none able to do the other -, and this I conceive will be no little Part of your Bill. 1 never heard that a King was apprehended as a Malefactor, by Warrants iiTued out from Juftices of the Peace : I never heard that a King was feized by a Conftable or a Purfuivant : Does any Record make mention, of a King filed to appear before any legal Court of Juflice ? This were a Thing fo abfur'd to imagine fo altogether unneceffary to urge ; that a Parliament that fhould make 4H A COLLECT! ON make a Law to obviate and prevent fuch Mifchief ; which never did, nor never, by any PofTibility, can happen, would feern to act as fruitlefs a Work; as aPhyfician that mott'ld beat his Brains to find out a Remedy for a Difeafe which Mankind never felt, nor mav ever, according to Rules of Art, be obnoxious to. Sir, Do but you take care that there never be a Cromwel again in England, and I v. ill warrant you, you mail never hear of ano- ther Bradjlaw ; free us but from the Fear of a rampant Army, railed under the Countenance of a pretended lawful Authority, and there will bene Danger thatMajeftyfhalleverftand arraigned again at the Bar of an High Court of Juftice. Believe it, Sir, this does more deferve your ferious Thoughts, than can, perhaps, on a fudden be imagined. If you do but look Abroad a little, and take a due meafure of Men, by fome Difcourfes intimative of their Minds, which now and then drop from them, you will have Caufe to conclude, that though at prefent (bleffed be God for it) all the Idol Powers of the Nation are fallen, at the glorious Appearance of our Sovereign, like Dagon before the Ark ; vet there is a golden Image mil Handing, to which many are ready to bow the Knee ; this, this, Sir, I conceive is to be broken in pieces, or otherwife I do not fee how your Peace can be fuffici- ently fecured, or the Throne of His Majefty firmly eftablifhed : I will not hold you longer in the Clouds, I am fure I mean ho- neftly, and I would hope therefore I may fpeak plainly, it is for your Service only that I fpeak, and defire to do it without of- fending any. Suppofe, Sir (for I muft fuppofe that which I hope we mail never fee) that Mifunderftandings and Jealoufies grew betwixt the King and his Two Houfes ; are there not ma- ny Thoufands, Sir, think you, in the Kingdom, who are of opinion, that at the Beck of the Two Houfes they may lawfully take Arms, and march confidently under their Banners without incurring the Danger of ^ailing under the dishonourable Name of Rebels? Sir, I may fafely fay it with Sadnefs, there are many, many honefl and well-meaning Men, who, poifoned with the Doctrine of the late Times, do think it not only lawful, but their Duty, thus to be obedient to the Call of Parliaments ; and there are not few, I fear, who with Earneftnefi and longing Expecta- tion wait for fuch a Call, that under the Pretence of a Parlia- mentory Authority, they may gain an Opportunity of reducing the Nation to that referable Condition in which you found it when of LETTER S. 4 i 5 when you firft took your Place. Here lies your Danger ; and hence, Sir, mufl fpring all thofe Evils which have aheady been felt, or we may hereafter fear. This, Sir, I humbly conceive affords the fittefl Matter for a Declaration for to work upon, this being a Controverfy managed with fo much Fineffe, and polifhed over with fo many nice Diilinctions, that 'till you undertake the Decifion of it, every common and vulgar Underftanding will not know how to make a Refolution in the Cafe. 'Tis true, indeed, Sir, to take up Arms again!! the King, this is High Treafon in plain Englifi ; no Man 1$ to ignorant as not to know it, no Man fo impudent as to de- ny : But modeftly, civiliy, and demurely, to take up Arms for the Defence of King and Parliament, though without the con- current Authority, of the King, and contrary to the declared Mind and Will of the King : This is not High Treafon, as it has been faid, &c. Many- fuch moot Cafes, Sir, arifc, you fee, upon this Point of Law ; many fuch Queftions, dainty, fine, nice, curious, critical, philofophical Queftions, are ftartedupon thisOccafion j Queftions, Sir, that have borne a Twenty Years Debate ; Queftions that have been difputed up to the Ears in Blood ; Queftions that to this Day remain undetermined ; and methinks, Sir, they are now ripe, high ripe, for your Determination at this Time. \Iiere the 1\1S. ends.} Mr. Speaker, I Think, I need not tell you that I do not Hand up to plead the Caufe of thofe bloody AfTaffins, the Authors of that horrid execrable and moft deteftable Murther and Treafon committed againft, and upon the facred Perfon of our dread Lord and So- \ L*reign of ever famous and renowned Memory ; I hope, Sir, 1 mav fay, that I have not carried myfelf fo fince I had the Ho- nour to fit within theie Walls, as that it can be faid of me, that 1 have at any time appeared an Advocate for Delinquents of a much lower Form than thefe. But, Sir, as I uo not ftand up to plead for them, fo give me leave to tell you, that I take it to be a little foreign to the Matter now in hand, to declaim or inveigh againfr. them : Surely, Sir, were there nothing more than they only in the Qneftion, their Lives, their Safety, their Impunity, not three Davs, nor three Hours had bcc$ fpent in the Debat c 4 i6 ^COLLECTION Debate. I am certain, Sir, you cannot but remember when the Journal of the Proceedings of thefe bloody Traitors, preferved with (o much Care upon Record, were read before you, you cannot, I fay, Sir, but remember how great a Confirmation of Mind did feize the whole Houfe : Did you not obferve, Sir, every Man hanging down his Head like a Bulrufn ? Did not a fudden Tremor fall upon our Joints ? Did not Palenefs, like the Palenefs of Death, fit upon our Countenances ? Did not you fee Shame, Sorrow, and Indignation, driving as it were for the Vic- tory in us ? Was not every Motion of our Eyes, and every Ge- fture of our Bodies, ftrong Arguments, and Indications, that our Souls were agonized and couvulfed with an impatient Defire of hastening Revenge upon the Heads of thofe curfed Mifcreants? I do appeal to you, Sir, if fuch was not the Temper of this Houfe, when this helliih Fad was firft fpread before us ? Nor is it to be wondered at: What Ear can hear, what Tongue can utter, what Heart can imagine, the tranfeendant Iniquity of that ftupendous Act, without having his Blood fevered with Indigna- tion againft it, and his Soul poiTefTed with an Abhorrency of it! that a King, the beit. of Kings, the ben: of Men, the ben: of Chriftians -, he who had cloathed us in Scarlet, and had turned our Iron into Brafs, our Brafs into Silver, and our Silver into Gold ; a Prince, whofe Prerogatives were our Ornaments, not our Burthens ; whofe Power was our Safety, not our Danger j our Security, not our Fear ; a Prince, in whole Reign, and un- der whofe Government, the Church might more truly be called Triumphant than Militant : That this Prince, Sir, mould be haled to the Bar as a Criminal, mould be arraigned, accufed, con- demned, under the black Characters of Tyrant, Traitor, Mur- therer ; that he mould be reviled, fpit on, reproached, upbraid- ed, defpifed, contemned, nay, murthered, murthered at his own Door, murthered in the View and Sight of his own People ; murthered, with all the unworthy Accumulations and fmarting Circumftances of Affronts and Indignities, which either Malice could contrive, or Barbarity execute; is a Wickednefs fo fuper- latively exceeding all thelnftances of Wickednefs acted in former Ages, that we may truly fay of it, it is that qucd nunquam vidit antiquitas et cegre credent pojieri. Certainly, of LETTERS. 417 Certainly, Sir, I may fay, and I doubt not, but you are of the fame Opinion, that fuch then was the full, free and univerfal Concurrence of this whole Houfe, in expreffing their Deteft ation of this hellim Parricide, that if the Edge of their Juftice had not been abated by I know not what prudent Confiderations ob- ftructed upon them, there had not been one of thefe Caitiffes now living, to have been the Occafion of fo unhappy a Difference be- twixt the Lords and us. And if fuch were the Refentments we then juftly had of the Injuries done to that good murdered Prince, whilft we were yet ignorant of the Virtues of his Son, how much deeper muft thefe Refentments be now radicated in us, who find ourfelves fo much the more endeared to the Memory of the Father, by how much the more experimentally we tafte and feel the Benefits we en- joy and hope to enjoy under the moft excellent Government of his incomparable Son. This Consideration alone, if there were no other, would be enough to fire our Minds with fuch Indigna- tion againft thefe Canibals, that were there a thoufand of them, an Army of them, we mould rather ftudy how to heap compli- cated Deaths upon them, than make it our Concern to fave their Lives ; could we refign them up to all the Miferies that the Rage of that Revenge could devife, or could command upon the Pains of the infernal Pit, could we arm that great Scorpion Death with Ten thoufand Stings, or bring upon them all thofe Torments which Poets have invented to bugbear Men from the Practice of Vice, all this would be little to be inflicted upon them as the Punifhment of fo unparalleled a Villany. For my own part, I mult declare, that as it was my very great Trouble to fee you mangle and cramp your Juftice, by confining it to fo fmall a Num- ber as Seven, fo there is nothing I could more heartily rejoice in, or concur with, than the giving a larger Commiiiion to your deltroying Angel now. If the fingle Queilion were concerning theie Men's Lives only, I do nor fee how any one here, nor have I reafon to believe, that any one here would be backward to pronounce this Sentence without any Difcrimination upon them all, Sat i wit fe f anguine quam jitierunt^ they have thirfted after Blood, give them therefore their own Blood to drink, for they are moft worthy j fill up the Cup of Vengeance to the Brim, and G g g put 4 i8 ^ COLLECTION put it into their Hands, and make them to drink it ; yea, drink the Dregs of it till they be drunken therewith, and ftagger, and reel, and tall, and never rife any more ; and may all thofe fo perlfh who are the Enemies of our Sovereign Lord the King, and let all the People of Engla?:d fay, Amen. This were a Sentence, Sir, moft defervedly due to fuch Crimi- nals, and furely they had not been thus long without it, if you conceived vourfelves at liberty to give it ; but this is your Un- happinefs at prefent, and I pray God it proves not an Unhappi- nefs to the Nation, that you have fo fettered yourfelves by your own Votes and Proclamations, that what is juft they mould fuffer, you are not clear, that you in Juftice can inflict upon them. How to extricate you out of this Difficulty, Hie labor hoc opus eji. I do not think that a more perplexing Queftion did ever come into this Houfe ; it feems to goar you with this Di- lemma, either that, on the one hand, you fhould remit fome- thing of the Severity due to the worft of Malefactors, which would not be for the Honour of your Juftice ; or, on the other hand, that you fhould depart from your own Engagements ; which I am fure would much impeach the never to be violated Faith and Reputation of this honourable AfTembly. Whether it has proceeded from my Weaknefs, or from the real Nicety, or Curiofity of the Queftion, I mail not determine, but I will not be aihamed to acknowlege to you, that till now I could not bring myfelf to fuch a Fixation, as to be pofitive in any Opinion ; and what my Judgment is, fuper tot ?ieuter^ and upon what Reafon grounded, I ihall humbly crave Leave briefly to acquaint you. The Arguments that have been urged for your now agreeing with the Lords, as near as I can remember, have been drawn cither from your Votes, wherein you are fingle, acting only within yourfelves, or from the Proclamations wherein you are con- joined in a Concurrence with the King and Houfe of Lords. As to your Votes, you have been put in mind, that upon mature Deliberation you have voted, that only Seven fhould die for the King's Murder ; and afterwards, by other Votes, have proceeded to the Nomination of thofe Seven Perfons ; from which Votes, in a Matter fo ferious, as the Lives of Men, it is urged, that in Ho- nour, you cannot recede to this Objection ; the Anfwer has been ready, */ LETTERS 4 i 9 ready, and often given, that you are fo far Mafters of your own Votes, that upon better Rcafbns appearing to you, you can alter and retract as you fee Occafion ; that this is done frequently in divers Bills, and particularly in this Bill, as appears by divers In~ fiances, why your Votes, which are not conclulive to yourfelves, fhould be any more conclufive to the Lords, who have an t ;-.;ii Share in the legiflative Power, more than theirs to you; and wny you fhould more infift upon them in this Cafe than in others, where the Inducements to recede were not ftronger, if fo ft-ong as in this, I confefs, I cannot underftand. The Arguments urged upon you from the Proclamations, have been raifed, either from the Title of the Proclamation, or the Penalty in cafe o Non-con- formity to the Commands of the Proclamation, from whence is infered a negative Implication ; thefe have been often and largely infilled upon by many learned Gentlemen of the long Robe, and others j but the Arguments on the other Side, feem to me, much the ftronger and more powerful. Upon the whole, Sir, I cannot fee, that either the Votes ab- ftractly confidered by themfelves, or the Proclamation precifeiv conlidered by itfelf, does, in Honour and Confcience, oblige you to an immoveable Adherence. The Proclamation is neceifarilv to be conftrued with the Votes previous to it, and both it and them being fo conftrued together, an Adherence to them is highly incumbent on you for thefe Reaibns : Firft, Becauie the Procla- mation took its firft: Rife from you. Secondly, It was grounded upon a Reafon of State, which was a valuable Coniideration for the Benefit held forth in the Proclamation to thole that did, in the Time limited, conform themfelves to the Commands. Thirdly, Thofe that did come in upon the Confidence of your Proclamation, did part with that Security which was valuable te the Benefit promiied. Fourthly, It was really the Intentions of this Houfe, that they that did come in fhould have the Benefit of the Proclamation, as will appear, i. By an Appeal to every Man's particular Confcience. 2. By open Matters of fact. Fifthly, It is manifeft, that thofe that did come in, did thus un- derftand your Proclamation, and upon that Confidence caft them- felves upon your Honour. Sixthly, The whole Nation in general, as well thofe that are not -concerned, as thofe that are, have, and G g g 2 do 4 20 ^ COLLECTION do fo underfland. Sir, this laft is not, to me, the leaf! preva- lent Reafon, nor the leafl powerful Consideration j it is the Ho- nour of this Houle, and nothing elfe but the Honour of this Houfe, that in all this Debate has been confulted ; I am fure there is nothing but the tender Care and Regard which I have (and ought) of that, which does embolden me thus to give you the Trouble of this Difcourfe. If therefore your Honours be that which is at flake, I pray confider which way this is bell: to be preferved. It is one of the greater!: UnhappinefTes of Man, that that which of all things is moft valuable to him (his Ho- nour) is leafl of all in his own Pofieffion. The befl Courfe that any Perfon, public or private, can take to fecure this flippery Thing, is to act with fo much Clearnefs and Ingenuity, that Malice itfelf will -not have the Power to impeach his Actions. Now, Sir, fuppofe (for I would, by Suppofition, allow the moft that could be thought of) fuppofe, I fay, you were Satisfied, upon the Reafons you have heard (which I confefs are weighty ones) that, notwithstanding your Votes and Pro- clamation, there is yet Room and Scope enough left you to cri- ticife thefe Men out of their Lives ; I will not deny, but per- haps you might make a hard fhift, with a great many good Words, and fine Prevarications, to put fuch a Glofs upon it, that the wifer fort of People, who are good at diflingui thing, may entertain a pretty good Opinion of what you do. But I need not tell you, Sir, that the greateft Number of Men, to whom you are to approve yourfelves, and by whofe Judgment you mufr, (land or fall, are not Critics, nor to be made Critics ; they would rather, Sir, a Man fhould right down play the Knave with them, than they would have one who is fo myilerioufly honefl, that they muft take pains to find him out ; they will not put them- ielves to the trouble of nice Diltinction to fave your Credit, nor the Credit of all the Parliaments that ever were in England. Can it be imagined, Sir, that thole that whiflle at the Plough, or fit in their Shops all their Lives-time (and fuch are the Judges you are like to have) will thefe Men, think you, turn Philofophers on purpofe upon this Occafion ; do you think, Sir, that they have nothing elfe to do but make Syllogilms to defend your Re- putations. Upon my Word, Sir, they go a nearer way to work, they ^/LETTERS 4 2i they judge of Things as they prefent themfelves prima facie ; and when they have once made their Conclufion, I would fain fee that Logician that can difpoflefs them. The Cafe then {landing thus, it is not fufficient to tell you, that according to nice and i\nd Rules of Logic and Grammar, fuch an Interpretation is to be put upon your Votes and Proclamation, as leaves you a Lati- tude to recede from your firft Votes (though that is more than I will allow to be true) but he that will be trufty, careful and tender of your Reputation, mult mew you how you mould make common People underfland this, before he advifes you to do it. Really, Sir, give me leave to tell you, that if you be once taken notice of to be a Parliament that is cunning to evade your own Words, and in fpeaking oraculoufly in doubtful Senfes, the ho- nefl Countryman, yea, and the Citizen too, will be as much afraid of you, as ufually they are of thofe whom they call Con- jurers, they will not dare to come near you, or have any thins; to do with you for fear of Tricks to be put upon them. Par- don, Sir, I befeech you, this Bluntnefs of Speech and Freedom, I fhould not prefume to be thus bold with you but for your Honour's Sake, which I do profefs I value, and will value above my own Life, or any Concern of mine in this World. There comes to my Mind an excellent Saying of Julius Cczfar concerning his Wife, whom he had repudiated, fuos non tantum crimine fed fufpitione cavere oportet. Methinks a Houfe of Com- mons mould be as jealous of their Honour as Catfar of his. Letters of Lord Howard to [no Name.] It may pkafe your good Lordfiip, MY Hand never moves fo heavily upon Paper, as when the DiftreiTes of my perplexed Condition compel me to give your Lordfhip a Trouble in my own Concern ; it being much more agreeable to my natural Temper, and the Deiign of my Life (if my unkind Fortune did not thwart it) to appear rather as a Per- fon ftudious how to contrive myfelf into fome Ufefulncfs for Flis Majefty's Service, than as One importunate and follicitous about my 4-22 /; COLLECTION my own Affairs. But, as Wounds (though they cannot be operi^ ed without fome Smart, yet they cannot be neglected without more Danger) lb fuch, my Lord, are my Wants, my very pref- ting Want.-, at prefent, that as I know not how to expreis them without offering Violence to my own Genius, fo I cannot longer conceal them without fitting down under ablblute Ruin. Beiide c the violent Impulle of Neceflity, the miferable Effect of my Unfortunacy, I have a gentler and more comfortable Encourage- ment to this Application, from the AfTurances of your Lordfhip's KindneiTes, which have already been moft fignihcantly expreffed to me b TT many real and effectual Benefits beftowed upon me. It was by your Lordfhip's Favour only, that I was at firft fo far received into the King's good Opinion, as to be allowed a Place in the Catalogue of thole who did defire to ferve him j it was by your Lordfhip's Favour only, that my weak but faithful Endeavours (when moft unfuccefsful) were yet fo advantageoufly reprefented, that they found the Acceptance of more happy Un- dertakings ; and it is by your Lordfhip's Favour only, that, fince His Majefty's happy Reftoration, I have not been altogether with- out fome Evidences and Fruits of his gracious Inclinations to- wards me; and that I do every Day (which is better to me than Life, and without which my Life would be a Burthen to me) enjov thofe benign Afpects of his Countenance, which though (like the Morning Appearance of the Sun) they have hitherto brought more Light than Warmth with them, yet they have and do quicken me to an hopeful Expectation, that I may hereafter in time feel the Influences of his Grace more and more beneficially operative and powerful upon me. Now, my Lord, notwith- standing, that when I reflect upon myfelf, I have Reafon enough to fear, from a true Apprehenfion of my many Defects, that your Lordfhip may fee Caufe to repent you of this your Kind- nefs begun to me ; yet, on the other fide, when I remember that there is nothing wherein great Perlbns can fo much imitate either the omnipotent Power, or the immenfe Goodneis, of the great Creator, as in acting without the Foundation or Predifpofition of a Subject-matter ; I am again encouraged to conceive Hopes, that your Lordfhip will not altogether forget the Workman!] lip of your own Hands, for fuch, my Lord, I am proud to declare my- felf of L E T T E R S 423 felf to be, nor fhall I ever be ambitious of any greater Honour than to be fo accounted. Thefe, my Lord, have been the Thoughts with which I have thus long endeavoured to buoy and bear up my finking Spirits, above the high-going Waves and Billows of a boifterous and tempefluous Fortune j 'til now at lad, finding myfelf juft ready to be overwhelmed and fwallowed up, I am enforced to lift up my Voice to your Lordfhip, in the Words of that doubting Dif- ciple to our Saviour, when he had iefs Caufe to be afraid, Do- mine ?ne fac /ahum. I know it becomes me not to trouble your Lordfhip long, nor indeed do I take any Pleafure to dwell long upon a Difcourfe of this nature : Briefly, therefore, to acquaint your Lordfhip with a true State of my Cafe, it ftands thus with me : I am as a Perfon againft whom Adverfity feems to have laid a clofe Siege; within, threatned with Famine ; and without, with the Danger of a cruel Enemy : When I think to keep myfelf within the Intrenchments of a retired Life, and to efcape the more violent AfTaults of a peevifh Fortune, by making myfelf a Reclufe in my Chamber, where I might quietly enjoy the good Company of my Books, and my own melancholy Thoughts ; I find I cannot polTefs myfelf long of this Contentment, for want of that which mould bring in thofe Reliefs to me which Nature expects at my Hands : On the other fide, when I am about to take up a Refolution to fally out into the World, to feek a Livelihood by an induftrious Practice in the way of my Profeffion, I give up myfelf as a Prey to my hafty and impatient Creditors, who think themfelves half paid when I am quite undone. This, my Lord, is my Condition, which I have lately repre- fented in a Petition to His Majefty 3 who (according to his ac- cuftomed Goodnefs) did exprefs fuch tender and companionate Sentiments of my Misfortunes, and was pleafed to give me fuch AfTurances of a fpeedy Relief from his princely Bounty, that if your Lordfhip would be pleafed to be his Remembrancer in my Behalf, and fo far to take me into your Patronage, as to co-ope- rate with his propenfe Inclination, I cannot doubt of the good Succefs. I humbly leave myfelf at your Lordihip's Feet, ex- pecting from your Mouth the Sentence of Life or Death : This only 424 ^COLLECTION only I (hall crave Leave to add, which I befeech your Lordfhip to entertain for an unfeigned Truth, that as I cannot hope to live but by your Lordfhip's, fo I would not defire to live but to your Lordfhip's Service ; for which, though there be many bet- ter fitted by Opportunities, or better qualified by their Parts and Abilities, yet there is none, I am fure, that mall with more con- ilant Steadinefs direct all his Motions to that End, and with more Chearfulnefs frame himfelf into a Conformity to all your Lordfhip's Commands, than, my Lord, Tour Lordfiifs mofi humbly devoted Servant. Lincoln s-Imi, this 226. of June, 1660. My Lord, I Find it fo impomble a thing to gain fuch an Opportunity of Privacy with your Lordfhip as I have long defired and fought for, that I am conftrained to have recourfe, at laft, to this new way, of whifpering into your Lordfhip's Ear, from time to time, a few humble and modeft Complaints ; to which, if your Lord- fhip mall pleafe to give Audience at your bell Leifure, I fhall, with a chearful Patience, expect the further IfTues of your good Pieafure towards me. My Lord, It is very far from my Purpofe, to fetch any Ar- guments for myfelf, from the prefumptuous Topic of any opi- niated Merits of my own : As my Religion teaches me better Manners, than to ftile myfelf any thing but an unprofitable Ser- IT?/:/, in reipect of God, fo I would be unwilling to appear fo iil-inflrudted in the Maxims of a Subject, as to lay claim to Re- ward as a Debt due to me from my Sovereign ; nay, I do pro- fefs, my Lord, if I can boaft of any thing, it is of this, that the Senle of my Duty hath ever been the fole Impulfe upon me in all my Undertakings ; and my Zeal to ferve His Ma jelly, has winged my Soul withDefires fo much above my lowPerformanees, that when I look back upon what I have done, or rather allayed X* do, I cannot but be afhamed of them, as of peer, weak, abortive, of L E T T E R S. 425 abortive Endeavours, fuch as I dare not prefume to call by the Name of Services ; neverthelefs, this is my great Confolation, that the very Intentions of my Heart have found more gracious Acceptance from His Majefty than was due to them, though the Succefs had fully aniwered myDeiign ; which is principally to be afcribed to your Lordfhip's extraordinary Kindnefs to me, which has found out a way to place Figures before my Cyphers, and to give that the Reputation of Something, which in jul't Value has been Nothing : I mean nothing more at this Time than to ac- knowledge your Goodnels to me, whofe Heart, if you could fee it, would teitify with what Sincerity of Affection and Grati- tude, I am, Tour Lordjkip's, &c N.B. Pardon, my Lord, I befeech you, the Trouble of this Apo- logy for myfelf, which (perhaps) may appear more than either the Innocency I pretend to does need, or the Satisfaction your Lord- lhip profeifes to have concerning me ; I confefs I have always been of Opinion, that much laboured Excufes, if they are not to be looked upon as Arguments of Guilt, yet they are moil commonly the Indications of a weak Mind, not fufficiently pof~ felled of that Afllirance which naturally refults from a well- grounded Confcience, fortified with an impregnable Innccency. But I am not altogether unwarranted in what I do, from the Au- thority of that excellent Perfon the renowned Lord Verulam. who tells us, it is but a decent Regard we owe to our Reputation. As thofe never omit to burn Perfumes in thole Rooms which (by any Accident) happen to be annoyed with a Stink j lb it is as necef- fary, that he who would be careful of his Reputation, mult be content fometimes to ufe fome honeft Arts to fweeten the Air about him, and to fubdue or fupprefs thole ill Savours which Calumnv and Detraction are wont to leave behind them : To which Care 1 cannot but think myfelf the more obliged by this Reflection, that ali the Credit I either have or hope to have with the King, is to be placed to your Lord/hip's Account, who has been pleafed lb far to own me, as to enter into a kind of Security for my Gcod Behaviour ; and 1 know very well, that what Ctfj'ar laid, upon the Occalion of fome Difcourfes concerning his repudiated Wife, is no lefs true of all Perfon- in that high Station in winch vour Merit II h h iv- 426 /? COLLECTION has placed you, * Suos non tantum crimifte ; fed fufpicione cavere cfortere. So long as I have the Happinefs of being unfufpectedly in your Friendfhip and Confidence, no Stone from any other Quar- ter will much affect me, they may help to untile the weak and tottering Fabric, the outer Man, but cannot make the Mind of, Mv Lord, Tour Lordfiifts mo/I devoted, &c. My Lord, IT is an Obfervation of great Ufe to the Affertors of Religion, that as there has never been a People in any Age, who have not, from the common Light of Nature, been brought un- der the awful Apprehenfions of fome Deity ; fo neither has been any Generation of Men (howfover barbarous and favage they may appear in other things) who have not, from the fame com- mon Principle, been induced to form to themfelves fome way of Worfhip, by which they might be able fignificantly to exprefs a grateful Acknowledgment of the Benefits they receive from that divine Power to which they owe their Being. Hence it comes to to pais, that into whatfoever blind or dark Corner of the World we carl our Eyes, we every where find, not only frequent De- dication of Altars, but alio Altars made fat with the richeft Sa- crifices and daily Oblations j and to this, certainly, the Poet had a Refpect in thofe Exprefiions, or rather Charge which he gives, after he had declared Augnjlus to be his God, and which your Lordfhip is too good a Clafiic to ftand in need of my Quotation. My Lord, from hence I am inftructed, that it is not fufficient that I mould have my Lleart only affected with a religious Senfe of the many great Favours for which I- ftand eternally obliged to vour Lordfhip (which to want were unpardonable Atheifm) but that my Hand alio fhould be ready to give fome outward At- teftation of the inward Adoration of a grateful Mind (which to omit totally, could be called no lefs than inexcuiable Impiety). Notwithstanding, therefore, that I am not ignorant, that high Altars ought not to be approached but with more than ordinary Solemnity, yet when I confider, that though Hecatombs make a thicker Smoke and fend a more confpicuous and pompous Pre- terit to the Gods, yet that the Fume of mean Gums and low- priced * My Lord ftc:n3 mighty fond of this Paffagc, having quoted it before. of L E T T E R S. 427 priced Spices find a more eafy and quick Afcent, and give as good an Intimation to Heaven of the pious Intention of the hum- ble and devout Adorer ; I am not only emboldened to come with this fmall Offering to your Lordihip, but am alfo encou- raged to hope, that though the Value of it is in no Degree either fuitable to the Dignity of your Perfon, or proportionable to the Meafure of thofe Benefits which I have received ; yet that your Lordihip will be pleafed to accept it, as the bell Signification which the Narrownefs of my Fortune can exprefs of that Honour and Regard to your Lordihip, with which I am, &c. June 30, 1673. My mofi honoured andjlngular good Lord, np H E comforting Affurance your Lordihip lately gave me, -* that thofe unjuff Reports concerning me, had made no Im- preffions upon you to my Difadvantage, gives me the Confi- dence Hill to hope, that you have not yet put me out of your Protection, and that you will not be backward to build upon your own Foundation, by deriving to me the Benefit of thofe gracious Inclinations of the King, which I have reafon to believe have been the fole Effects of your kind and favourable Repre- fentations. The Truth is, my Lord, when I made my Applica- tion to his Majefly, I found him in fo propenfe a Difpofition to grant what I defired, that I could not but conclude that your Lordfhip's Kindnefs had prevented me, and that you had fmootli- ed the Way for my Addrefs by a previous Preparation ; who, upon the firft Intimations of the Diltreffes of my Condition, with a princely Franknefs and Generoiity, immediately gave me a Promife of a prefent Supply, and to make it the more fpeedily effectual to me, directed me to your Lordihip as my Patron, in whole Care, he knew I muft needs account myfelf moft fafe. From this free Indulgence of the King's Grace towards me, I think I may warrantably comfort myfelf with this Perfwalion, that (at that time) his Ears had not been difturbed with any of thofe lpiteful Insinuations againft me ; and if your Lordihip lhail find, that the fame peevilli Spirit, which has endeavoured to pof- fefs you with an ill Opinion of me, has been active alfo in im- printing the like Jealouiies upon his royal Breaft, though I can- II h h 2 not 4 28 ^ COLLECTION not think it an eafy Matter to deliver myfelf from the Preju- dice of inch malicious Whifpers, yet I am not altogether hope- lefs (lupported by a Conicience of my own Integrity) that might T but be admitted to make my Vindication before his Majefty, .1 ihculd be able to put myfelf under a better Character, and make it to be underftood, that thofe very Difcourfes of mine (whatfoever they have been) which either Malice orMiftake has made Arguments of my Difaffection to the Government, have been the greateft Indications of my Loyalty, and the beft and cleareft Evidences I can give, of a Mind moil: religioufly addicted, and moil: intirely devoted to the real Service of the King and Kingdom. I will not deny, my Lord, nay, I muft ingenuoufly confefs, that I have been of the Number of thofe (not the worft of his Majefty's Subjects) who have been much amufed at fome late Proceedings, nor do I fee why I fhould diffemble, that as I have not been altogether without making my private Remarks upon fome late Tranfactions and Traverfes of the Times, fo I have fometimes (as Occafion has offered itfelf, and when I have judged it feafonable) affumed the Liberty of exprentng my Sen- timents of the dangerous Tendency of fome dark and myfterious Councils, which feemed to me to have a moil affrighting Afpect, and luch as (not without jufl Caufe) have filled me oftentimes with trembling Apprehenfions concerning the (too much expofed) Safety of that, in which alone is involved the Safety of all honeft FLtigl'lJhmen, the facred Perfon of the King. That this, my Lord, has not been the Difeafe of an ill-affected Spleen, nor the Caprice of a worfe affected Mind, or the vain and idle Phantafm of a deluded Underftanding, might be ffrongly enough evinced, from the concurrent Fears, and (almoft) univer- sal Consternation of the whole Nation at once ; but befides thefe Things, which (being of public Notice, and obvious to common View) have been the Matter of all Men's Obfervation as well as mine, there are fome other Things which (perhaps) have been pe- culiar to myfelf, and confined within the Limits of my own Know- ledge, which (however I have hitherto kept them fmothered in my Breait) have been as Coals, of Fire within me, which have fevered my Soul with fuch an inward Heat and Fervour of Thoughts, as has fometimes conveyed a more than ordinary Warmth Majefty to put thofe Hardfhips, Affronts, and Indignities, upon all the Non-Conformifts, which, I may be confident to fay, are at leaft Nine Parts of Ten of the whole Nation. And although it is very well known to all who have the Ho- nour to fraud near your Majefty, that you have a princely Soul, large as your Dominions, and that there is nothing more con- trary to your Nature, than to hear the Sighs of any of your Sub- jects ; yet fuch has been the Artifice of this perfidious Miniftcr, "that what has been done only or principally by his Dictates, he has not wanted Impudence to infmuate into divers, to have been done quite contrary to his Judgment and Counf. 1 ; and that if he had not been overborne by others who were more prevalent with your Ma ; eity than himfelf, Toleration had been allowed. To trace this Serpent in all his crooked Windings, and parti- cularly to fet forth, by what feveral Arts and Stratagems he has 438 A COLLECTION for many Years paft fought to fubvert your Majefty's Authority, by difappointing your (Councils, by embezzling your Treafures; by bringing Difreputation upon your Perfon, by fruftrating the Hopes of your Bed, and by blunting the Edge of your Sword ; were a Work of much longer Difcourfe than I mall prefume to trouble your Majefty with, and is perhaps too bold a Subject to be treated upon by me. Part of the Argument, with refpeti to the Payment of Officers, and their Arrears due in the Civil Wars, THERE are Two Evils of the late ufurped Powers, which are here reflected upon in the Preamble of this Claufe, as the principal Inducements and ftrong leading Motives to the enacting Part of it, viz. their Injuftice, and their Partiality ; each of which is emplified in its proper Inftance : i . Their Injuftice, in an Inftance exprefTed, which is, their not giving any Satisfac- tion at all to many of thofe Commimon'd Officers who had faith- fully ferved againft the Rebels in Ireland before 1649. 2. Their Partiality, in an Inftance not indeed fo plainly expreiTed, but yet fo pregnantly implied, that the Senfe cannot be compleat without fupplying it, and that is, their giving Satisfaction to fome of thofe Officers with unequal Differences of Favour ; to which certainly this Word (Partiality) muft needs have a neceftary, direct, and immediate Relation ; for they might truly have been ftiled unjuft, for their not allowing due Rewards and Compenfations, for the Services of all thofe worthy Heroes, who by their Virtue and Prowefs had reicued and redeemed a poor periihing Kingdom from the bloody Hands of thofe prodigious Rebels : Yet (to give then - ; their Due) I do not fee how they could have been charge- able with Partiality, if they had ferved all alike, and had given Satisfaction to none of them. So that I think it cannot well be oppofed, but that applicando jingula fmgnlis, thofe two Words, Injuftice, and Partiality, mult nave a divided Refpect to the d /able Error of the Proceedings of thofe Times; that of Injuftice, t o their not allowing Satisfaction to all ; and that of Partiality, to ^LETTERS 439 to their different Regard had to fome. The Reafon of the firft, I think, No-body will be much to.feek for, for who will won- der, that Rebels mould not be forward to carve out Rewards to Enemies of Rebellion ; but the Reafon of the fecond would be more myfterious, if it were not very well known that there was none, or very few, if any, who did mare in that their diftinguim- :ng Grace, and fave only fuch, who though they had indeed been initrumental to caft out Devils, yet did it upon Defign to advance the Kingdom of Beelzebub himfelf, the Prince of Devils. To this fecond Evil reflected upon in the Preamble, there is a fecond Provinon made in the enacting Part, as an exact and equal balanced Expedient for an indifferent Diitxibution of Re- wards due to all thofe meriting Gentlemen, though in a different Order, as well thofe who, by the Injuftice of the Ufurpers, had received no Satisfaction for the faid Services, but alfo thofe, who by the Partiality of the Ufurpers, had received fome Satisfaction for their faid Services. The firft, indeed, are thofe who are prin- cipally taken care of, as there is good Reafon they mould ; for them therefore Provifion is made in the firft place, in the pofitive Words of this enacting Claufe, viz. That all fuch Commiilioned Officers fhall be fatisfied 1 2s. 6d. in the Money, according to the Inftructions of the Act, viz. mall be preponed. As to the fecond, viz. thofe who have fince 1649, received fome Satisfaction for their Arrears due to them before 1649; though it is generally faid they are mut from the Benefit of this Act, becaufe it is thought in this Cafe deferre & auferre is the fame ; yet, to fpeak properly, they alfo are provided for, ao to the remaining Part of their Ar- rears unfatisfied, in that Order and Method which ftands with that excellent Proportion intended to be kept between them and their Brethren, in the Negative, Exclufive and Exceptive Words of the Claufe, which, conftrued with the next Paragraph, do amount to thus much, in fhort, that they fhall be poftponed. Now, my Lord, having thus, by this fhort Analyfis of the Words, melted down the Body of thefe Claufes into thefe feveral general Parts, it remains that I fhould tie them together by the Ligaments of Grammar, and that muft be done, by bringing every Nominative Cafe ck>fe to his own Verb, and every Ante- cedent clofe to his own Relative ; and then, I think, the Senfe runs +4 o ^COLLECTION runs plainly thus : " Being fenfible (fays the King) that there are "^ feveral Commitlioned Officers, who were engaged in our Ser- '- vice in Ireland, and eminently acted and fuffered therein, &c. <4 have received no Satisfaction for the fame, We do therefore " declare, that all Commimoned Officers who ferved Our " Royal Father or Ourfelf in the Wars in Ireland, at any time ponable Qualification. But, for all my Hafte, Mr. Keeling will not let it pafs fo ; he will tell your Lordfhip, and therefore I had as good prevent him, for I am fure I fhall hear of it By-and-by, that the Gram- mar is altogether on his fide, and the Miftake wholly on my part ; for, fays he, it is very plain from the true reading of the Words, that Lands or Money, here mentioned, and fuppofed to be received, is for Pay due unto them fince 5th June, 1649 which he enforces ffom a fubtil Obfervation of the Pofition of the Comma ; for as it would ferve much for my Purpofe, to r-lace the Comma betwixt the Words them andj$nce* t fo he thinks and not upon flight Grounds neither) that it being placed (as it W ; : '. will ftand him in as much ftead to juflify his Affertion, 1 hat all thofe who have received any Lands or Money, though it was un\y in Satisfaction of their Pay due unto them fince the 5th of Jdiie, 1 649, without any refpect to thofe Services before 1 649, ihali thereby be brought under a poftponable Qualifica- tion. Thus my Lord, this molt ingenious Gentleman, priding himfelf in the Luxuriancy of his own tranfeendant Parts, lias, by d rare Invention of Wit, placed this Comma fo to his own Ad- vantage, that he thinks to make it like the Pillar of Cloud, and of j/.LET.TER S. 44-i' s of Fire, betwixt the Ifralites and the Egyptians darktiefs to us, but Light to our Truftees, but I would hope before I have done to caufe this Pillar to pais behind us, and then it will W Light to us, and Darhiefs to our opponents. The end of Lord Howard's Letters, &c. N. B. The Originals to be feen at the Comnilers. An Original Co'mmiffon fro7n Oliver Cromwell, /jt j' , Lord Lieutenant General of Ireland, and Captain General oj all the Land Forces of the Parliament of the Commonwealth of England. To William DraDer Captdine. BY Virtue of the Power, and Authority to me derived from the Parliament of England. I do hereby Conititute and Appoint you Captain of that Company of Foot whereof Cap- tain Difney was late Captain, raifed, and to be railed, under my Command, for the Service of the Commonwealth, in the Regiment whereof Sir William Co?ift able is Colonel. Thefe are therefore to require you to make your prefent unto the faid Com- pany, and taking Charge thereof as Captain, duly to exercife the inferior Officers, and Soldiersof the faid Company in Armes, and to ufe your beft care and endeavours to keep them in good Order, and Difcipline, Commanding them to obey you as their Captain. \nd you are likewife to obferve fuch Orders and Directions, as you iliall from Time to Time, receive from myfelf and your fuperior Officers of the faid Regiment and Army, according to the Difcipline of War. Given under my Hand and Seal, the 20th Day of July 1651. O. Cromwell. O o o Temp. 442** A COLLECTION 'Temp. Jac. idi. An original Warrant for the Arms, &c. of Henry Fitz James, natural Son of King James the id. Whereas the Kings moil excellent Majefty fignified unto me his Royal Pleafure under his Signet and Sign manuel as follow- eth. 'James R. ^AME S the Second by the Grace of God King of England* J Scotland* France and Ireland* Defender of the Faith, &c* To our right trufty and rightly beloved Coulin Henry Duke of Norfolk* Our Earl Marfhall of 'England* Greeting. Thefe are to fignify unto you, that we are gracioufly pleas'd to give and affign unto our dearly beloved natural Son Henry Fitz- < James y fuch Arms and Creft as he his Heirs and Defcendants may and Shall lawfully bear and ufe on all Occasions, according unto the Law, Practice and ufage of Arms. And thereupon in consideration of our natural Affection, and for the early hopes he gives of his future Courage and conduct, we do declare and ordain that our faid dearly beloved natural Son Henry Fitz- yames, Shall bear our Royal Arms with a Batton Sinifter Azure, charged with Flowers de Liz Or : (being the distinc- tion given by us.) And for his Creft. a Sea-Horie argent,, gorged with a coller Azure charged with three Flowers de Liz- Or. And our further will and pleafure is, that you do require and command our Trufty and well beloved Servants, the Kings Heralds* and Purfuivants- of Arms, to Marfhall and Order, on all fit and proper occasions the Arms of our laid dearly beloved' Natural Son, according to the Blazon above expreft, arid unto< the Law ufage and practice of Arms, and that you do alfo di- rect and require this our Conceffion and Declaration to be re- giftred in our Office of Arms. For which this fhall be your Warrant. Given at our Court at Whitehall the 21 St. Day of Ja?iuary i i68y. in the Second Year of our Reign. By his Majefties Command. Sunderland P. TJiefe vf LETTERS. 4+3 ** TH E.S E are therefore to Authom and appoint Oar end- eux and Norroy Kings of Arms, each of them in their refpc&ire Provinces, as occafion will require, to exemplify, depict and give forth the faid Arms and Creft blazon'd as by his Majefties faid Warrant is directed. And I do hereby require and command all and every the Kings Heralds and Purfuivants of Arms, that in obedience to his Majefty's Will and Pleafure, before iignified, they and every of them do henceforth Mar (ball- and let up on all proper Places and fit Occalions the Arms and Creits of his Majefties laid dearly beloved Natural Son Henry Fitz- James, accordingly to the Blazon fpecify'd and that the fame be forthwith entered and rcgiftred in the College of Arms together with this Warrant, and hereof fail not. Given under my Hand and the Seal of my Office of Earl Mary ha II of En- gland, the 24th. Day of January, in the Second Year of the Sovereign Lord King James the lid. Anno Dam. i68y To the Kings Herald's and Purfuivants of Arms. Norfolke, E. Marshall. To the Compiler, Dear Sir, Have fentyou by the Bearer a very old MS being a curious and remarkable Speech in the reign of Queen Elizabeth y It may have been printed, and you may perhaps think it is too well known for you to infert in your Collection; but I am perfuaded many of your Subfcribers, have never met with it. I have fent ittofeverai learned Men, who had never feenit and returned it to me with many thanks, as very interefting and en- tertaining. It is agreeable to your Propofals (asbeingacuriousand fcarce tract) and I believe you'l have no reflection for making i t more Publick. For my own part I have often wim'd to fee curious pieces of Antiquity abftracted from old Books which may O o o 2 inftruct 444** A COLLECTION inftrud and improve thofe who cannot with convenience come at the large Works, in which they are publifh'd, and where the original Proprietors and Authors are deceafed and the Books altogether, not worthy reprinting ; by which means the good things in them are not loft to the Publick. However you'l do as you think proper, I have fent it and at the fame time an Aflurance of being with all Sincerity. Tour well ivijher. Gravs-Intt, November ift, 1753. r C. I The Speech of Serjeant Puckering, Speaker of the Hea- ther Houfe of Parliament^ in the Name of the Com- mom, made before her Majefiy. y at Richernonde, UN L E S S E execution of this juft Sentence be done 1 ft. Your Majefties Perfon cannot any while be fafe: 2d. The Religion cannot long continew amongft us: 3d. The moft nouriming prefent Eftate of this Realm fjuft thortly receive a wofull Fall : 4th. And confequently in fparing her, your Majeftr. fhall not only giue Courage and Hardines to the Enemies of God, of your Majeftie felf, and of your Kingdom ; But mall difcom- fort and daunt with defpaire, the Hearts of your loving People, and defervedly provoke the heavy Hand, and Mjeftie of God, &c. And that fummariiy for thefe Reafons enfuyng. ift. Touching the Danger of your Majeftie. Both fhee and her favourers thin he- that fhee hath Right nor only to fucceed, but to enjoye yourCrowne in Poffemon. And therefore as fhte is a moft impatient Competitor (acquainted with Blood) fo will fhee not fpare any meanes that may take you from us, being the only let, that /bee enjoyeth not her de- lire, Shec of LETTERS. 445 ** Shee is hardened in Malice againft your royall Perfon, not- withstanding that you have done her all Favour, Mercy and kindnes, as well in preferving her Kingdome as faving her Life, and falving her Honour. And therefore there is no Place for Mercy, where there is no Hope of Amendment, or that (hee will defift from her moft wicked attempt. The rather for that her Malice appeareth fuch, that fhee maketh as it were her Teftament of the fame to be executed after her Death, and appointeth her Executors to perform the fame. Shee arTirmeth it lawfull to move Invafion ; Therefore as of Invafion Victory may enfue, And of Victory the Death of the vanquifhed -, So doth fhee not obfeurely profeiie yt lawfuil to deffroy you. Shee holdeth vt not only lawfull, but honourable alio j and meritorious to take your Life, &c. as being deprived of your Crowne by her Holy Father. And therefore fhee will (as (hee hath continually done) feek vt by all meanes whatfoeuer. Shee is greedy of your Death and preferreth it before her owne Life, .tor in her late direction to fome of her Complices, fhee willed whatfoever became of her, the tragicall execution mould bee performed on you. There is by fo much the more Danger to your Perfon fince the Sentence then was before, by how much it behoveth them that woulde preferue or advannce her to haften your Death , now (or never) before execution donne upon her, as knowing that you and none elfe can give direction for her Death (and that by vour Death the Sentence hath loft the Force of Execution) and otherwife they fhould'come too late if they took not the prefent Opportunitie to help her. Her Friends hold Invafion unprofitable while you live, and therefore in their Opinion your Death is firft and principally to bee fought, as the moil compendious way to wynne the Rcalme by Invafion. Somme of the oldeft and wifefr. Papiites fet it down for a fpe- cial Drifte to occupy you with conceite that the Prcfervalion of her Life is the fafety of your owne, and therefore you may bee allured 446"* A COLLECTION afmred that they verely thinke that her Life will be your Death and deftruclion. **.- 2d. For fo much as conccrncth the Religion, Of It is mo(l perillous to fpare her that hath continually breath- ed the Overthrow and Suppreffion of the lame, being poyfon- ed with Popery from her tender Youth, and at her Age joyn- ing in that falily termed Holy League, and ever fmce and now a profeiled Enemy of the Truth. Shee refleth wholly upon popifh Hopes to be delivered and advanced, and is fo devoted and doted in that Profeffion, that ihee will (as well for Satisfaction of others as feeding her owne Humour) iupplant the Gofpel where and whenfoeuer fhee may : which evil is fo much the greater and the more to bee a- voyded, as that it ilayeth the Soule, and will fpread itfelf not only ouer England and Scotland, but alio into all Parts beyond the Seas where the Gofpell of God is maintayned, the which cannot but bee exceedingly weakened, if defection fhould hap- pen in thefe two moil valyaunt Kingdomes. 3d. Touching the happy Eftate of this Realme. The Lydeans fayd, union Regem agnofcunt Lidi : duos autem tollerare non pojfitnt. So we fay, unicam Reginam Elizabethans agnofcunt Angli : duas autem tollerare non pojjunt : And therefore fmce fhe fayeth that fhee is Queen here, and we neither can nor will acknowlede any other but you to be our Queen j It will follow if fhe preuayle, fhee will rather make us Slaves then take us for Subjects : And therefore the Realme figheth and groaneth under feare of fuch a Stepmother. She hath already provided us a fofter Father and a Nurfe, the Pope and King of Spayne, into whofe Hande if yt fhould mifhappen vs to fall, what can wee elfe looke for, but Ruyne, Deftrudtion, and utter Extirpation of Goods, Lands, Lyves, Honours and all. Whilft fhee fhall lyue, the Enemyes of the State will hope and gape after your Death ; they truft to make Invafion profita- ble for them, which cannot bee but that the fame mould be moft of LETTERS. 447 ** moft lamentable for us, and therefore it is meet to cut off the Head of that Hope. As fhe hath already by her poyfoned Baites brought to de- flruction more Noblemen and their Houfes, and greater Multi- tude of Subiects during her being here, then fhee mould have bene hable to have done if fhee had bene in PofTefTion of her owne Crowne, and armed in the Field againft us : So will fhee flill bee continuall Caufe of the like Spoyle to the great Lolle and Peril of this Eftate ; And therefore this Realme neither can nor may endure her. Her Sectaries do write and print that we be at our Witts and Worlds End; if fhe outlyue your Majeflie; meaning thereby that the End of our World is the Beginning of theirs j And therefore take her away and their Worlde will bee at an End before it beginne* Synce the fparing of her in the xivth Year of your Raigne, popifh Traytors and excufants have multiplied exceedingly j if you fpare her now, againe they will grow both innumerable and invincible alfo. Mercv now in this Cafe would in the End proue Cruelty a- gainft us all. Nam efi qiuedam crude lis mifericordia. And there- fore to fpare her is to fpill vs. Shee is only a Coien to you, in a remote Degree j But wee bee Sonnes and Children of this Land, whereof you be not on- ly the naturall Mother, but alio the wedded Spoufe ; And therefore much more is due from vou to us all, then to her alone. It would exceedingly grieue and wound the Hartc of your lov- insr Subjects if thev mould for lb horrible Crime fee you not con- dignely punifh her. If any bee wauering yt will wynnethem "o the worier Parte, and many will feeke to make their own: where- fore as well for Comfort of the one as Stave of the other, and retaining of all ; It is moll needfull that Juilice bee done upon her. Thoufands of your molt loving Subjects of all degrees which haue for fpeciall Zeale of your Safety made Oathe before (rod to purfue to Death by all feafible and poffible Meanes, f nee as fhee is by jufl Sentence now found to bee, cannot faue their Oathe^ 4+ b** A COLLECTION Oathes if you keep her alive, for then either we muft take her Lite from her without your direction ; which will bee to our ex- treame Dannger by the Offence of your Lawe, or elie wee muft lurrer her to lyue againft our expreffe Religion, the which will be to the uttcrmoft Peril of our own Soules, wherewith no Act of Parliament or Power of Man whatfoever can in any wife dif- pence. And therefore feeing it rcfteth who ! ly in you by a moil worthie and jnft Execution of this Sentence to keepe us upright and free us in both, wee have moil humbly andearneftlybeibught vou, &c. that fpeedie Juftice bee donne upon her: Whereby yourfelf may bee fafe, the State of your Realme preferved, and wee not only deliuered from this Trouble of Confcience, but alfo recomforted ; and to endeuour to lave ourfelues and all ours; into whatfoeuer Perill we run for the Preferuation and Safety of you. Laflly, Confider God's Vengeannce againft Sauk for fparing Agag ; Againft Achab for fparing the Life of Benedad ; Both which were by the juft Judgment of God deprived of their King- dom for fparing thefe wicked Princes whom God had de- livered into their Hands of purpofe to be flayne to Death by them as by the Minifters of his eternal and deuine Juftice. How much thefe Magiftrates were remended that put to Death thofe mifcheivous and wicked Eneemes 'Jefabell and Athalia. How wifely Solomon proceeded to punifli, intent in putting to Death his own naturall and elder Brother Adonias for the only Intention of a Marriage which gave fufpicion of Treafon. Where is no more defiered of your Majeftie, than the ve- ry Pope (now your fworne Enemy) of fome of thefe late Con- ipirators, and the wicked Lady herfelf haue thought fitt to fall on her. He in like cafe gaue Sentence vita Conradini mors Charoli Mors Conradini vita Caroli. They in their beft Mindes and remorfe of Confcience fetting downe the beft meanes of your Safety, faid, hee that hath no Armes cannot fight, and he that hath no Leggs cannot runne away, but he that hath no Heade can doe no harme - y Pi fa's primum a capite fcztat She by her vo- luntary of LETTERS. 449** Iuntary fubfcribing to the late Affociation, &c. gave this Sen- tence againfr. her felfe. And after in her Lies of thefe Trefons to Babmgton, wrote that if fhe were difcouraged yt would give iufficient Caufe to you to keep her in perpetual clofe Prifon, by which laft Words lhee could meane nothing elie but paynes of Death. Therefore wee feing on the one Side. How you haue to the Offence of mightie France advanced Religion. With what tender Care, and more then motherly Piety, you haue always cherifhed us the Children of this Land. With what Honour and Renowne you have reftored the an- cient Righte of the Crowne. With what Peace and Juflice you haue governed. With what Store and Plenty you have reigned over us. On the other Side feeing that this Enemy of our Felicity feekes. To undermine the Religion, &c. To fu plant us, and plant Strangers in the Place. To transfere the Right of the Crowne to the Italian Prieft. And the Crowne to herfelf or fome other from you. And therefore lyeth in continuall waite to take your Life. &e. Therefore we pray you, &c. For the Caufe of God : His Church : This Realme : Our felues : And your felfe: That you will no longer bee.careles of your Life, our So- ueraigne Safety : Nor no longer fuffer Religion to be threatened : The Realme to ftand in Danger : Nor vs to dwell in fear : P p p; But 450** A COLLECTION But euen as Juftice hath giuen rightfull Sentence, err. fa you will grant Execution : But as her Life threateneth your Death : So her Deathe mai" (by God's Fauour) prolong your Life : And that this Evil being taken from the Earth, Wee may praife God for your Deliuerance, And pray him for your Contmewannce. And with the Pfalmift fay, Deus fecit judicium > and the vn- godlv is trapped in the Workes of her own Hands. And fo pray God to enclvne your Heart to our jufl Defires. Grr, *?* Fli? .1 It* I* J- -I if l /<^. Lord Surry to Earl of Suflex. My very good Lord. AF T E R my moft hartie commendations, For as muche as, at my lafl being withe youre Lordfhip, I did forgete to renue mvne old fute, unto you in the favour and behalie of my loving Friend this berer, late SerVante unto the Lord of Richmond^ whom (if it fhall pleafc you to call unto youre good remembrance,) youre mofte gentle promys unto me xii Monthes part, and more, was for my fake to admitt him unto my Lord the Prince his Hyghnes, line which time, to his no little cofie and charge, hathe been his daily Attendance upon you, in th' only Expectation and Truft of the fame. I am therefore foe bold to defyre and hartely pray your Lordfhip to be fo good now iinto him, at this my poor Requeft and Contemplation, that his lor.gfuit herein may take Effect : Whereby the poor man maye no longer to his greate Impoverifhmente, Hynderance but alfo help a right honeft Man, uppon whom (I doubt not) ye mall hereafter have good caufe, to thinke your JBountie and Goodnes of LETTER S. 451** Goodnes extended towards him in this behalfe, very well be- ftowedj as knoweth hym who fend youre good Lordfhip, as well to fare as your Harte can wyfhe or thinke, from Duref- me place, this Friday the 28th. Day of Marcbe. Youre Lordfjips ajjured to his Power. H. Surry. N. B.This Letter flews that Attendance ; Dependence and Difappointment from Courtiers, which fo many have fat aly expe- rienced, was the Fajhion of the former, as well as prejent 'Times. In a deed of Eeofment dated 1554. from Chriftopher Peckeryng, to John Pulvertoft, to few the Kings fupremacy was the receivd Senje and Law of thofe Times, though Queen Mary, a noted and obfttnat Papifl, had a fc ended the llirone of thefe Realms, the aforefaid deed began thus. s THIS Indenture made the 1 8th of May, in the Firfl Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lady Queen Mary the Firft, , by the Grace of God Queen of England, France and In- land, Defender of the Faith, and in Earth of the Church of En- gland and Ireland the Supreme. Head, between Chrijlopber Pec- keryng of Toynton, in the County of Lincoh Yeoman, on the one parte, and John Pulvertofi, of Bennyngton in the County aforefaid, Hu(bandman, on the other parte, WitnerTeth,