:/;; JUN 13 U \ B P Home Economics Circular No. 16. November, 11CJ1 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF EDUCATION WASHINGTON, D. C. APPLIED SCIENCE COURSE FOR HIGH-SCHOOL BOYS. INTRODUCTION. AYorthy home membership is one of the objectives strongly em- phasized by the Committee on the Reorganization of Secondary Edu- cation. In the various sessions of this committee it was reiterated that every member of a household has some responsibilities in rela- tion to the comfort and welfare of other members of the home. Only the smallest infant should be exempt, and that only until such a time as the child is able to keep its own playthings in order. Even the sick are obligated to inconvenience others as little as possible, and to do such tasks for themselves and others as are within their strength and ability. Home economics courses have these objectives: The command of certain skills; a degree of prevocational training; health; and, most especially, worthy home membership. Thus far. little stress has been placed upon either of the last two objectives in planning courses of instruction for boys. Recently, in certain schools, health education has received some emphasis, but home membership is still ignored. Believing that the term "home economics," applied to any course intended for boys, will imperil the popularity of that course, it is suggested that some other name be given to the instruction primarily intended to function in a boy's home life. The caption of this publication may be chosen as the name of the course, or some other may be found more attractive. Household mechanics and practical arts are both applicable. Whatever the name decided upon, the objectives will be the same, to give the boy an understanding of household and home-life problems, develop a skill in certain mechanical problems and awaken a sense of responsi- bility for the welfare and pleasure of others within the home, and to provide a scientific basis for certain health teaching. It is suggested that this course will prove most satisfactory and most popular if several departments of the school cooperate in pro- 201 io c 22 APPLIED SCIENCE COURSE FOR HIGH-SCHOOL BOYS. Classroom icork Continued. 7. Faulty habits in eating hastily, ir- regularly, etc. 8. Sanitation of food : (A) In oaiup. (B) In home. (C) In stores ami markets. 9. Preservation of food: (A) In camp (o) Game. (6) Fish. (c) Eggs. (d) Butter. (e) Cereal products. (B) In home Canning. Drying. Salting. Storage. Butchering and curing meat. (C) In commercial concerns Cold storage. Salting. Drying. Canning. Packing houses. (D) Tests for adulterants of foods Laboratory work Continued. Practical methods of cooking ( 'on. 15. By hot water Boiled dried fruit. Boiled onions (buttered). Boiled potatoes (jackets on). Boiled salt mackerel. (Combine in a canip dinner.) C. By steam Rice and raisins in double boiler. Steamed turnips. Macaroni with tomatoes. Braised beef. (Prepare and serve as home dinner.) Special camp dishes : Apple sauce. Stewed tomatoes. Cocoa. Fried fish. Vegetable soup. Meat stew. Corn bread. Hot biscuit. Ginger bread. Foods requested by class. Home meal service. Camp work : Packing food. Transporting. Protecting. Open-fire cooking. Camp dish washing. Canip sanitation. Clothing (about 3 weeks). Choice of clothing: (a) Materials used in suits Qualities to be looked for. Common deceptions as to quality. Colors most apt to fade. Weaves that tear easily. Trade names of cloths made from wool. (b) Materials used in socks (1) Wool, silk, fiber silk. Cotton and mercerizetl cotton. (Comparative wearing qualities.) Choice of clothing Continued. (b) Materials used in socks Con. (2) Methods of weaving socks. (c) Kinds and wearing qualities of different leathers used in shoes. (d) Methods of preserving shape and appearance of garments. Care of clothing : Removing spots and stains. Pressing suits. Cleaning neckties with gasoline. Sewing on athletic stuff Mending baseball. Mending baseball gloves. Mending sweaters. APPLIED SCIENCE COURSE FOR HIGH-SCHOOL BOYS. Care of clothing Continued. Sewing on athletic stuff Contd. Sewing on buttons. Minor repairs to slices. Care of clothing Continued. Washing white sweaters. Sewing on insignia. Shortening trunks. Sanitation (9 weeks). Classroom. Heating a dwelling. Heat by convec- tion, conduction, and radiation. Househeating by stoves, fireplaces, hot- air furnaces, and by steam and hot water. Relation of moisture to sensation of warmth. Kind of fuel and relative heat units per pound. Comparative costs of various locally used fuels. Fuel saving. What constitutes adequate ventilation of a room. Sanitary plumbing devices. Possible spread of disease through bathroom equipment. Personal ownership and private use of toilet articles. Unhygienic practices and spread of disease. Disposal of household waste. Disposal of city garbage. Disposal of sewage. City water supply Sanitation of swimming pools and swimming holes. Disease-carrying insects and their eradication or exclusion. Rodents as disease carriers and their eradication. Relation of household cleanliness to health. Composition and uses of various paints, varnishes, oils, and waxes used in the household. Sftop. Visits to residences in construction. Visits to hardware establishments with studies of heating apparatus. Collection of samples of various fuels and lists of prices of fuels. Lesson in building and caring for a furnace fire. (May use school heat- ing system.) Lesson in sifting ashes. Covering heat pipes. Taking down furnace pipes. Cleaning hot-water heater. Repairing different types of taps. Cleaning sink trap. Repairing cistern, to toilet. Pipe fitting. Thawing frozen pipes. Cutting off water, gas, and electricity. Reading meters. Repairing telephone and electric bell. Repairing electric iron and toaster. Inserting fuses. Elementary electric wiring work. Making screens. Visit to city waterworks and sewage plant. Visit to abattoir, dairy, and markets to observe sanitation. Visits to plumbing establishments, Removing old finish from floors. Refinishing with paints, varnish, oil, and wax. Making paste for paper hanging. Repairing and reh'nishing chairs, tables, etc. First aid work (4 weeks). In addition to the preceding semesters course (one semester if given the time suggested, two semesters if given less time per week), instruction should be given in first aid and emergencies. Whoever gives this instruction should understand the boy's viewpoint and the emergencies which are most apt to be encountered. Burns, bruises, punctures, cuts, fractures, sprains, disloca- tions, fainting, unconsciousness from injuries, drowning, ivy poison, bites of insects, reptiles, and of dogs are more apt to full to the lot of boys than of girls; while certain first care of the sick is quite as apt to be demanded of 8 APPLIED SCIENCE COURSE FOR HIGH-SCHOOL BOYS. the one as of the other. Therefore, in addition to first aid in accidents, a boy should receive some instruction in giving first care to the sick. r.oing able to rcci p-ni/.o a fever, relieve a headache, intelligently observe the condition of the pulse and breathing, and prepare u hot-water bottle or a simple beverage are highly desirable accomplishments. Nor should a ho.\ be ignorant of how to lift a sick or injured person. There are home-economics women who can give this course; there are also school nurses able to make the right, approach, and certain physical directors ;irc particularly well prepared to interest, the boys along these lines. Certainly it is more essential that the material be presented by a sympathetic and well- prepared person than that any certain department administer it. Personal health (5 weeks). General outline. Health and disease, definitions. ( 'a uses of disease: External. Internal. Ingress of microorganisms, skin, diges- tive tract, respiratory tract, and re- productive organs. Protection from diseases caused by mi- croorganisms cleanliness, personal care, etc. Bodily resistance to disease. Natural immunity. Acquired immunity. General outline. Common infections boils, styes, ring- worm, colds, pneumonia, diphtheria, sore throats, scarlet fever, measles, pink eye, etc. Common carriers of infection water, milk, pencils, hands, garments, etc. 1'ersonal care of hands, feet, skin, hair, and teeth. Personal habits : Hands about face, nail biting, coughing, etc. Proper conditions for refreshing sleep. Care of the excretory organs. Hygienic clothing. Mental effect upon physical well-being. Cost of living (9 weeks). The instruction in cost of living may be given in the department of social science, or by the home-economics teacher, or even the prin- cipal of the school may desire this contact with the boys of the school. The work does not essentially differ from that given to the girls in the home-economics classes, but it is considered better to keep the classes separate. Recitation. Average incomes in the United States for different occupations. Budgeting the average income. Budgeting the personal share of a high- school boy. Investment of savings : Insurance. Savings banks. Government bonds. Building and loan associations. Real estate. Laboratory. Simplified personal and household ac- counting. Visits to banks. Visits to " cash and carry stores,' " credit and delivery stores," and public markets. Visits to cold storage plants. Visits to " installment plan " stores. Compilation of price lists. APPLIED SCIENCE COURSE FOR HIGH-SCHOOL BOYS. Recitation Continued. UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACLITY Banking : Checking account. Writing checks. Drafts. Deposit slips, etc. Mortgages. Conditions affecting the cost of living: Foods production, transportation, storage, distribution, charge ac- counts, delivery, attractiveness of package. Clothing. Shelter. Transportation. A 001 139365 9 OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT P2INTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 5 CENTS PER COPY V