RARY ^>F- 
 
 Bily^NGLO SaXo;: po; 
 
 Iw. 
 
 \ /' O T , 1 1 i m t Mm\tm mmmimmmimmimmtmmmiimmaS!K 
 
 XODUS--DAN;i: 
 
 H u : . ■] 
 
 GINN^COMPM^Y
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 RIVERSIDE
 
 C^DMON'S 
 
 EXODUS AND DANIEL. 
 
 gtXltjed fxom CSvjeitx. 
 
 BY 
 
 THEODORE W. HUNT, Ph.D., 
 
 PBOFESSOR OP RHETORIC AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN PRINCETON 
 COLLEGE. 
 
 FIFTH EDITION. 
 
 BOSTON, U.S.A.: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY GINN & COMPANY. 
 
 1893.
 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1883, by 
 
 THEODORE W. HUNT, 
 in the Ofiace of the Librarian of Congress, at Washmgton. 
 
 Typography by J. S. Cushing & Co., Boston, U.S.A. 
 
 Presswork by Ginn & Co.. Boston, U.S.A.
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 . PAGE 
 
 Pkeface 5 
 
 Introductions : — 
 General. 
 
 I. Caedinon 7 
 
 II. The Paraphrase 8 
 
 1. Source of the Paraphrase 8 
 
 2. Structure and Moral Character .... 8 
 
 3. Contents 10 
 
 4. Caedmon and Milton 10 
 
 Special. 1. Theme and Plan of Poems 13 
 
 2. State of the Text 13 
 
 3. Literary Character 14 
 
 Exodus: Text 17 
 
 Daniel: Text 37 
 
 Variants 65 
 
 Bibliography 71 
 
 Glossary 77
 
 NOTE TO THIRD EDITION. 
 
 Long vowels and diphthongs are accented. The Notes, as given in 
 preceding editions, we omit, though we include their essential features 
 in the Glossary. With the generous aid of Professor Harrison, the 
 text has been, once again, thoroughly revised, on the basis of Grein, 
 variant readings being also given. The Glossary, it will be seen, is 
 greatly enlarged: especially, as to definitions, references to text, and 
 quotations of characteristic passages. 
 
 In the revision of the Glossary, the editor has been much indebted 
 
 to Messrs. L. M. Harris and C. L. Crow, students in the University at 
 
 Lexington, Va. 
 
 T. W. H. 
 
 College of New Jekset, 
 November, 1887.
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 ONE of the most ui'gent needs which the recent revival of in- 
 terest in English Philology has brought to light is that of 
 American editions of the best specimens of First English Prose 
 and Poetry. So difficult of access and so expensive have the Ger- 
 man, and even the English, editions been found, that the study of 
 the oldest English has suffered not a little thereby. Nor is it 
 altogether gratifying to the pride of an ingenuous American 
 scholar to feel that he should be thus dependent upon foreign 
 sources for the best results in this department. As far as the pub- 
 lication of Middle English Texts is concerned, the main woi"k has 
 been done, and naturally so, by native English scholars, such as 
 Sweet, Earle, Skeat, and Morris, under the auspices of the Early 
 English Text Society and kindred agencies. As to the work of 
 what has been called. The Earliest English Text Society, most has 
 been done by continental and English scholars. Such Danes and 
 Germans as Rask, Bouterwek, and Grein, and such native English- 
 men as Thorpe, Bosworth, Arnold, and Kemble, have been foremost 
 in this arduous work. Up to a comparatively recent date, Ameri- 
 can scholarship had made no conti-ibutions to this subject. What 
 was attempted was rather in the line of the elementary than in 
 that of the more advanced and critical. To Professor March of 
 Easton is due the awakening of a genuine interest in all that per- 
 tains to English speech, and, more especially, as to its first forms 
 and uses. Since then, more or less of worthy work has been done 
 at home by Corson, Carpenter, Cook, Shute, and others. To Professor 
 Harrison, of Lexington, special meed is due in beginning the editing 
 of the best First English Poetry. His recent edition of Beowulf, 
 from the text of Heyne, marks a new departure in the critical study 
 of our mother tongue. It opens the way for a complete series of
 
 6 PREFACE. 
 
 editions accessible in American forms, and at moderate cost. The 
 present edition of Ca,'dmon\s Exodus and Daniel is in the way of 
 contribution to this needed work, and is designed, mainly, for use 
 in college classes. There is no part of our oldest poetry as good 
 as Cajdmon which is so difficult of access in this country, and of 
 which there is more immediate need. It is gratifying to state that 
 Professors March, Baskervill, and others will take part in the 
 series proposed. 
 
 Of the various texts of Cajdmon, there are four which any editor 
 must have on his table : Junius, Thorpe, Bouterwek, and Grein. 
 Of these, the last is by far the most valuable, and we shall adopt 
 it as the authoritative text, up to this date. We shall prefer to 
 give Grein's text precisely as it stands in his Poesie, save that the 
 hyphens between compounds have been omitted, and several errors 
 that have crept into the text have been corrected. 
 
 Wiilker's Revision of Grein, so long promised, will soon be com- 
 pleted. This will undoubtedly give us a text superior to any now 
 extant; and, when it appears, may be used by the student in th» 
 way of helpful reference. 
 
 In addition to the text, with a brief outline of its separate sec 
 tions, we shall give a brief and yet sufficiently full glossary for the 
 aid of the advanced student. 
 
 Much general introductory matter, such as the genuineness of 
 the Paraphrase and kindred topics, we must omit as properly 
 belonging to the editor of Genesis. 
 
 If the edition hereby offered aids a whit in the better study of 
 our home speech, and deepens the interest already felt in a knowl- 
 edge of its first forms, our final end will have been reached. 
 
 T. W. H. 
 
 Princeton College, 
 October, 1887.
 
 GEJSTEKAL INTBODUCTIO^. 
 
 I. C^DMON. 
 
 THIS " Father of English Song " appears in the earliest English 
 history, and disappears from it, with but a fact here and 
 there to fix his place and work. In the account of Cfedmon given 
 us by Alfred, in his translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History, 
 there are found a few incidents and statements which serve to 
 make up his only biography. It is suggestive to note, that this 
 story in Bede reappears substantially in the Heliand, the Old 
 Saxon Paraphrase of the ninth century. It may further be noted, 
 that the fragment of song given us in this history is probably the 
 most ancient piece of Saxon poetry extant. 
 
 From this we learn the following facts : That he was a native 
 of Northumbria, near Whitby, and lived in the seventh century ; 
 that he was a convert from Paganism, and a member of the Abbey 
 of Hilda ; that he was English in heart and spiritual in life, sing- 
 ing in his native tongue, and always for holy ends ; that he was 
 a simple herdsman among his flocks, specially endowed in later 
 life with the divine gift of poesy ; that he wrote many poems ; 
 that he sang and prayed his life away in the love of God, and died 
 in peaceful triumph about 680 a.d. 
 
 All we know of him is, that he was a pious monk, taught of 
 God, full of song and Saxon spirit; and that out of the fulness 
 of his heart, and for the common weal, he sang of Creation and 
 of Christ. Such may be said to be the traditional account of 
 Csedmon.
 
 8 GENEKAL INTKODUCTION. 
 
 11. THE PARAPHRASE. 
 
 1, Source of the Paraphrase. 
 
 This poem by Csedmon, as far as it is extant, is especially im- 
 portant to English scholars in that it marks the very beginning 
 of Anglo-Saxon literature in the seventh centuryj its close being 
 marked by the completion of the Chronicle in 1154. 
 
 As to its source, Bede and Alfred give us all that is to be given. 
 In Thorpe's edition of Csedmon we may find a sufficiently accurate 
 translation of this narrative. If this is not accessible, it may be 
 found in any good histoi'y of the Anglo-Saxons or in the Saxon 
 text in March's Reader. The substance of the record in a few 
 words is, that he was an untaught herdsman, ignorant of poetry ; 
 that, asleep among the cattle, he heard in his dream a voice bid- 
 ding him sing; that, refusing, he was again commanded to sing 
 the origin of things, and so began his song. At the request of the 
 abbess, Hilda, he sang before all the learned, and turned into 
 sweetest verse all that they taught him. Forsaking the worldly 
 life, he joined the monks and devoted himself to the work of the 
 minstrel. In this simple manner the origin of the Paraphrase and 
 other poems has come down to later history. Such is the ti-adi- 
 tional origin of the Paraphrase. 
 
 2. Its Metrical Structure and Moral Character. 
 
 We find in Csedmon a good example of classic Saxon poetry, a 
 specimen of the language on the basis of which successful study 
 may be conducted. As to the versification, it is that which all our 
 First English Poetry has in connnon. We note the presence of 
 alliteration, both of consonants and vowels, and the imiform divi- 
 sion of the line into two sections (heraistichs), the caesura falling
 
 GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 9 
 
 between them. We note but few examples of fiual and perfect 
 rhyme. The prevailing type of verse is the narrative with four 
 feet in each poetic section. The long narrative verse is less fre- 
 quent. As to accent or syllables determining the verse, we note 
 the emphasis of the former, and this places our earliest poetry in 
 harmony with our best modern poetry. 
 
 Centuries ago, Bede stated the principle still in force, that 
 "rhythm depends on the sound and modulation, and not on an 
 artificial government of the syllables." 
 
 It may be added that parallelisms, which so mark the structure 
 of Hebrew verse, are a conspicuous feature of the poetry in ques- 
 tion, while there is found the same prevalence of metaphor, 
 indirect statement, inversion and abrupt transition that mark all 
 our first poetry. 
 
 It is worthy of mention that Mr. Guest, in his English Rhythms, 
 speaks of the special skill with which Csedmon manages his 
 metres. 
 
 As to its moral character, the Paraphrase speaks for itself. It is 
 a free poetic rendering of Holy Writ to foster piety in the hearts 
 of the people. 
 
 It was the first attempt in English verse to popularize the Bible, 
 and thus places its author in line with the authors of the Old 
 Saxon Heliand, with Orm, Dante, Milton, and Klopstock, and with 
 our own lamented Longfellow. The poem is spiritual throughout, 
 and opens a question ill to solve, as to the presence in a converted 
 pagan of such clear and high views of truth. It would be a study 
 of no little interest to the student of theology to note the manner 
 in which this "good monk of Whitby" paraphrases, in the seventh 
 century, the Scriptural account of the fall of man and kindred 
 doctrines. 
 
 There are reformers before the reformation, and Caidmon pre- 
 pares the way for the great work of Wicliff and his successors.
 
 10 GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 
 
 3. Contents ok rAitAi'iiiiASK. 
 
 The Hymn and the Vision ajiart, tliere are : Book I., Genesis, 
 2935 lines; Exodus, 589 lines; Daniel, 765 lines. Book IL, 
 Christ and Satan, 733 lines. This second book is paraphrased 
 from the New Testament, and is in every way inferior to the 
 first. To these books some editors add, The Sonrj of Aztiriah and 
 The SotKj of the Three Children. According to Bede, the Para- 
 phrase is but a part of Ca^dmon's autliorship. With regard to 
 Cfedmon and his Poems, modern criticism has modified tradition 
 as follows : (a) That no one of these poems can with certainty 
 be ascribed to Ctedmon, thougli one of them. Genesis A, was 
 probably based on his work, (b) That the name, Ctedmon, is 
 applied to the poems, on the ground of convenience. See Wiilker's 
 Grundrks, pp. 114, 140. 
 
 4. C^EDMON AND MiLTON. 
 
 The history of opinion on this subject is full of interest. As 
 favoring a close relationship, we note the names of Turner, 
 Nicholson, Thorpe, Conybeare, Southey, and Taine, while such 
 cautious writers as March and Morley hesitate not to give this 
 theory the benefit of the doubt. Mr. Disraeli, in his Amenities of 
 Literature, devotes an entire chapter to the subject, and takes 
 strong ground against the theory of literary relation. The final 
 settlement of this question is impossible. The facts are too few 
 to warrant it. Each author had access to the Bible, and to biblical 
 and mythical traditions, and drew from these common sources. 
 The coincidences are striking: each poem is, in a sense, a para- 
 phrase of Scripture ; each is an epic and on the same theme ; each 
 opens with the same scene, the fall of the angels, and proceeds in 
 a somewhat similar manner. As to Satan's rebellion prior to the 
 creation of man, and his consignment with the fallen angels to
 
 GENERAL INTRODUCTION. 11 
 
 darkness and despair, they fully agree. The source whence they 
 derived this tradition, Persian or Clialdean, must have been the 
 same. Each poem points to the East as the place of origin, and 
 many of the scenes and actors are the same. As to more specific 
 resemblances, we may note the description of Satan and his fall ; 
 of hell and heaven ; of Adam and Eve, and the speech of Satan 
 to his rebel hosts. These coincidences, however, need not be 
 regarded as proving identity or even actual imitation of plan. It 
 is f m'ther to be noted that these similarities are found in Csedmon's 
 Genesis only, the subject-matter of the other portions being outside 
 of Milton's jiurpose. Even in Genesis there is a large part taken 
 up with the history of Abraham, a topic, also, apart from Milton's 
 aim. Moreover, the Paraphrase is based upon the Apocrypha as 
 well as on the Canonical Scriptures. This collection of books is 
 not endorsed by the Puritan poet. A word in reference to the 
 historical relation of these two poets is here essential. The MS. 
 of Junius (1055) may have been accessible to Milton. Morley 
 writes : " Milton knew Junius [Caedmon's first editor], and was 
 interested in his studies." The objection by Disraeli, that the MS. 
 was too precious to be loaned by Junius, is unworthy of notice. 
 To the graver objection, that the poet could not have read it in 
 Saxon, it may be said, that Milton was a careful student of the 
 earlier times. A few years before this he prepared a history of 
 England up to the Norman Conquest, in which he makes reference 
 to the old authors. It is known that he was an Oriental scholar, 
 and thoroughly versed in the Modern European Tongues, including 
 some knowledge of the Low Dutch, so akin to the Saxon. Under 
 the English government, he was " secretary for foreign tongues." 
 The argument here is, that it would not have been strange had 
 such a linguist been able to read the Saxon of Junius. If not, the 
 meaning could have been made known to him by Junius or Somner 
 or others. By reason of the poet's blindness (1654), this was prob- 
 ably the case. Between the edition of Junius (1655), and the
 
 12 GENERAL INTllODUCTION. 
 
 finishing of Paradise Lost (1661), there is a period of six years of 
 
 possible reference to Caedmon. In fact, ISIiltou's epic was not 
 published till 1667, twelve years after Junius. The plausible 
 theory, that a great poet cannot be indebted to his predecessors, 
 is a mere hypothesis, and facts are against it. The England of 
 Milton had something to learn from Bede and Alfred. We add 
 the suggestion, that, in an epic upon the fall of man, the strong 
 presumptive evidence is that Milton consulted any existing epic 
 upon a similar theme. A translation by Bosanquet (1860) of the 
 Miltonic portions of Caedmon into English Heroic Verse, is 
 entitled "The Paradise Lost of Cjedmon."
 
 SPECIAL IJSTTEODUCTIOE". 
 
 1. Theme and Plan of the Poems. 
 
 THE subject of Exodus is, The Departure of Israel from Egypt, 
 their Sojourn under Moses in the Wilderness, and their Pas- 
 sage through the Red Sea to the Land of Promise. Of the forty 
 chapters of Exodus given by Moses, Caedmon paraphrases but a 
 few, and even here the poet follows the sacred narrative much less 
 closely than in Daniel. As far as the authoritative text is concerned, 
 the first fifteen chapters of the history may be said to be the only 
 ones referred to by the author. He dismisses the subject as the 
 people stand upon the farther shore of the Red Sea with the prom- 
 ised land before them. It is also noticeable that incidents and 
 facts are introduced which are not found in the biblical record, 
 such as the precise order of march through the Red Sea, the 
 special valor of the warlike bands selected to oppose Pharaoh, and 
 many minute statements as to the pillar of cloud and of fire. 
 The subject of Daniel is, The Deliverance of the Three Hebrews 
 from the Fiery Furnace. The poet takes the record, as in Exodus, 
 from the Old Testament, giving a faithful paraphrase of the first 
 five chapters of the Book of Daniel. For the sake of clearness, 
 the first of these poems may be divided, as in Grein, into eight 
 sections, and the second, into five. The topics of the respective 
 sections will best be given in connection with the text. 
 
 2. State of the Text. 
 In common with other parts of C?edmon, and nearly all our 
 earliest writers, the text is more or less unsatisfactory. Among
 
 14 SPECIAL INTRODUCTION. 
 
 the eight sections of Exodus there is one (VI.) that seems to have 
 been bodily interpolated, while in the third section of Daniel there 
 is a very loose ]3araphrase of Azarias as given in The Codex 
 Exoniensis, or Exeter Book. The addition of single words and 
 lines is very common, as also their omission. In the best editions, 
 there are several textual gaps which the editors do not pretend to 
 supply. In many other places no one can be dogmatic as to the 
 rendering. Despite these facts, however, the substantial correct- 
 ness and unity of Exodus and Daniel are preserved. 
 
 3. Literary Character. 
 
 The cast of the poems is l3Tical as well as epic. Moses and 
 Pharaoh, Daniel, Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar, and the Hebrew 
 children are the prominent figures, while the praises of Jehovah 
 and his servants are sung in fervid strain. They afford one of the 
 best examples in our literature of the combination of the narrative 
 style proper to the epic, with the freer descriptive style of impas- 
 sioned verse. Where they lack in smoothness of historical order 
 they abound in imaginative sketching of persons and scenes. 
 Some of the descriptions are as bold and vivid as those of Beowulf, 
 "the Saxon Homer." In this respect they surpass Genesis, and 
 have always been regarded as poems of rare interest, especially 
 characteristic of early Teutonic litei'ature. They are in the 
 department of the sacred epic what Beowulf is in the historico- 
 mythical epic, marked by the old Gothic dash and daring. 
 
 Their influence is stimulating. They stir the blood. They are 
 a bold testimony by a converted pagan to the power of Jehovah 
 on behalf of his oppressed people. We think, as we read them, of 
 the most stirring battle songs of the Bible, and of secular letters. 
 They have the same martial spirit. It is for reasons such as these 
 that we have deemed it wise to place these poems in reach of 
 American students. It is hoped that they will aid in the critical 
 study of First English, and infuse into the modern Teuton some- 
 thing of that Saxon vigor to which he has rightful heirship.
 
 (JMBM0W8 
 EXODUS AND DANIEL.
 
 EXODUS. 
 
 I. 
 
 Reference to the Laios of Moses. — Praise of Moses. — His 
 relation to Pharaoh. — God's icorcls to Moses as to the 
 creation. — GocVs visitation iqjon Egypt. — Sjjoiling of the 
 Egyptians and rescue of Israel. — The first encampiment. — 
 Continuance of the march. — Encampment at Etham. 
 
 Hwset ! we feor aud ueah gefrigen habbap 
 
 ofer middangeard Moyses ddmas 
 
 wi'iBclico wordriht wera cu^rissum, 
 
 in uproder ^adigra gehwam 
 5 sefter bealustpe b6te llfes, 
 
 lifgendra gehwam laugsumne ned 
 
 haelejHim secgan ; geh}'re se ]'e wille ! 
 
 pone on westenne weroda dribten 
 
 s6])f8est cyning mid bis sylfes mibt 
 10 gewyrpode and bim wundra fela 
 
 eee alwalda in t%bt forgeaf . 
 
 He wses Idbf gode, Idbda aldor, 
 
 borse and brej'ergle'aw berges wtsa, 
 
 freom folctoga. Faraones cyn 
 15 godes andsacan gyrdwlte band, 
 
 fser bim gesealde sigora waldend 
 
 modgum magor&swan bis m^ga feorb, 
 
 onwist e|)les Abrabames sunum. 
 
 Note : In printing the text, it has been thought best to use, uni- 
 formly, J> instead of the double letters \> and tS.
 
 18 EXODUS. [19-53 
 
 H^ah waes J'flet handl^au and liini liold frcQi 
 20 gescalde wjupna geweald wi|' wra)'ra gryre : 
 
 ofei'c6m mid ))}• campo cnc^omriga fela, 
 
 fdbnda folcriht. p^ wses forma sip, 
 
 \>{Gt liiue weroda god wordum n;egde, 
 
 ))a!r he him gesivgde s6]'wnudra fela, 
 25 hA J' As woruld worhte witig drihten, 
 
 eorj'au 3'mbhwyrft and uprodor 
 
 gesette sigeiice, and his sylfes naman, 
 
 j)one yldo beam ^r ne cftpou, 
 
 fr6d foedera cyn, ])e'ah hie fela wiston, 
 30 Hajfde he )>a geswiped s6])um cvseftum 
 
 and gewur])odne werodes aldor 
 
 Faraones fdbud on forj'wegas, 
 
 ]'A waes iugere ealdum witum 
 
 d^a|>e gedrenced drihtfolca m^st : 
 35 hordwearda hryre h^af waes geniwad, 
 
 swtefon seledr^amas since berofene ; 
 
 hasfde mdnsceapan set middere niht 
 
 frficne gefylled, frumbearna fela, 
 
 Abrocene burhweardas : ban a wide scrdj), 
 40 Ikp Idbdhata. Land drysmyde 
 
 delidra hrcewum : dngo]' foi'|» gewat, 
 
 w6p waes wide, worulddre'ama 13't ! 
 
 wieron hleahtorsmipum handa belocene, 
 
 dl^'fed IddsiJ) l(^de gretan, 
 45 folc ferende : f^ud wses berelifod, 
 
 hergas on helle. H^fon ]nder bec6m, 
 
 drurou d^folgyld. Dseg wses mt'ere 
 
 ofer middangeard, pd s^ mengeo for, 
 
 swd j'oes faesten dre'ah fela missera 
 50 ealdwerige Egypta folc, 
 
 ])ses ])e hie widefer]) wyrnan pdhton 
 
 Moyses mAgum, gif hie metod lete, 
 
 onlangne lust Idbfes sipes.
 
 54-79] EXODUS. 19 
 
 Fyrd waes gefysed, from se |'e licdde 
 55 modig inagoneswa mji^glmrh heora. 
 
 Oferioi" he mid j'y folcc faestena worn 
 
 land and l^dweard \kpvB, manna, 
 
 enge dnpa])as, unc(l|' geldd, 
 
 6j» )'iet hie on Gftjmiyrce gearwe b^ron ; 
 60 waerou land heora lyfthelme bepeaht, 
 
 mearchofu mdrheald : Moyses ofer ])Ci 
 
 fela meoriuga fyrde geht'dde. 
 
 Heht j'd ymb twd niht tirfaestne haelep, 
 
 sij>])au hie fdbndum 6|)farcn hfefdon, 
 65 ymbwicigean werodes bearhtme 
 
 mid aelfere ethanes byrig 
 
 msegnes mtest^ mearelondum on. 
 
 n. 
 
 TTie protection of the people by Jehovah. — The third encamp- 
 ment. — The pillar of cloud and of fire. — The joyful 
 breaking of camp. — The heavenly beacon. — The approach 
 to the sea. — Encampment at the Bed Sea. 
 
 Nearwe genSpdon on nor))wegas, 
 
 wiston him be sfipan Sigelwara land, 
 70 forbserned burhhleopu, brftne Idbde 
 
 h^tum heofoncolum. p^r h^lig god 
 
 wi|' f^rbryne folc gescylde, 
 
 baelc^ oferbrffidde byrneudne heofon, 
 
 hdlgan nett6 hdtwendne lyft. 
 75 Haefde wederwolcen widum fjejimum 
 
 eorpan and uprodor efne ged^led, 
 
 l^dde l^dwerod : ligfj'r fidranc 
 
 h^t heofontorht. H[ele|) wafedon, 
 
 diihta gedr3'most. Daegscealdes hldb
 
 20 EXODUS. [80-114 
 
 80 wand ofer wolcnum : hsefde witig god 
 
 sunnan sijjfaet scgle ofertolden, 
 
 swd ]'A, msestrdpas men ne cftpon 
 
 ne pa seglr6de gesdbn mealiton 
 
 eoi'l'bftende eallfi crseftt*, 
 85 lift ^foestnod wees feldhfisa m£'st. 
 
 Sippan he mid wiildre geweorpode 
 
 I'dbdenholde, ]^k waes pridda wic 
 
 folce t6 frOfre : fyrd call geseah, 
 
 lift ))^r lilifedon Mlige seglas, 
 90 lyftwundor l^ht ; Idbde ongeton, 
 
 dugoj) Israhfela, J'^et pier drihteu cw6m, 
 
 weroda drihten, wlcsteal metan. 
 
 Him beforau fdran fyr and wolcen 
 
 in beorlitrodor, be'amas twegen, 
 95 p^ra ^ghwaeper efngedtelde 
 
 helilipegnnnga lulliges gAstes 
 
 d^rmddra sij) dagnm and uilitum. 
 
 p4 ie on morgen gefrsegn mddes rdfan 
 
 hebban here by man hlftdan stefnum, 
 100 wuldres w6man. Werod eall drds, 
 
 mddigra msegen, sw^ him Moyses bebelid 
 
 m&re magont^swa metodes folce, 
 
 Ms fyrdgetrum : for)) gesdwon 
 
 lifes l^tj'dbvv liftweg metan. 
 105 Segl sipe w^ld, sijemen sefter 
 
 fdron flddweg^ ; folc w£es on sdkim, 
 
 hlftd herges cyrm. Heofonbelicen ^stdh 
 
 ^fena gehwam : 6per wnudor 
 
 syllic fefter sunnan seth'Me behdbld 
 110 ofer l^dwerum lig^ scinan, 
 
 byrnende belim. Bl^ce stddon 
 
 ofer scdbtendum scire Idbman, 
 
 scinon scyldhr^pan, sceado swipredon : 
 
 neowle nihtscuwan neOih ne mihton
 
 115-141] EXODUS. 21 
 
 11 o heolstor Ahydan. Ileofoncandel barn : 
 
 niwe nihtweard nyde sceolde 
 
 wician ofer wereduni, j'v la^s hiin wt"stengr3're 
 
 hdr ha3|> holmegum wedrum 
 
 6 ferelamnie ferh)) getwu'fde. 
 120 H£efde foregeuga fyreue loccas, 
 
 bldce b(famas, b^legsan hw^p 
 
 pam here|'reate, hAtan lige, 
 
 piet be on westeune werod forba?rude, 
 
 nympe hie mOdbwate Moyses hyi'de. 
 125 Scedn scir werod, scyldas lixton ; 
 
 gesawon raudwigau rihtre striate 
 
 segn ofer sweotum, 6l> pait si^faesten 
 
 laudes set eude l^dmaegne forst6d, 
 
 ffts on forj'weg. Fyrdwic ilrds, 
 130 wyrpton bie w^rige ; wiste gentegdou 
 
 m6dige metej'egnas byra mtegeu betan. 
 
 Briyddon a^fter beorgum, si]')'an b^me sang, 
 
 flotan feldhftsum : )iii waes fdbrpe wic 
 
 randwlgena raest be I'am relidan s{e. 
 
 III. 
 
 Fear of Pharaoh in pursuit. — Sins of Egypt. — Pursuit by 
 Pharaoh and his host. — Increasing terror of the people. — 
 Preparation for battle. 
 
 135 p^r on fyrd byra fttrspell becw6m, 
 
 6bt inlende : egsan stddan, 
 
 waelgryre weroda. Wra?cmon gebi\d 
 
 lAjme Idstweard, se pe bim lange jfer 
 
 epell^sum 6ht-nied gescrfif, 
 140 weTan witum fest : wttre ne g^mdon, 
 
 j'tTab ))e se yldra eyniug &r ge [tipode],
 
 22 EXODUS. [142-170 
 
 ))A [he] wear)) yrfewcard ingefolca 
 manna aefter ma|»mum, paet he swd miceles ge])dh : 
 ealles ])a?s forge ton, sijij^an grame wurclon 
 145 Egypta cyn ymb andwig, 
 
 J)ri h(k> his niiegwinum morj'or fremedon, 
 wr6ht berenodon, wjere fneton. 
 Wi!feron hea|!Ovvylnias heortan getenge, 
 raihtnKjd wera niftnum tr(fownm : 
 150 woldon hie ]>8et feorhlelin fficne gyldau, 
 J)£Ette he J'set dffigweorc drdbre gebohte, 
 Moyses ldl)de, pier him mihtig god 
 on ])am spildslpe spede forgfife. 
 pk him eorla mdd ortrywe wearp, 
 155 si|i])an hie gesAwou of sftjiwegum 
 fyrd Faraones for|' ongangan, 
 oferholt wegan, dbred lixan, 
 ]>MsiS j'unian, ))^d mearc tredan : 
 gdras trymedon, gftp livvearfode, 
 160 blicon bordhr^pan, bj^man sungon. 
 On hwffil hr^pon herefugolas 
 hilde grtedige ; [hraefen g61] 
 W*|?^^^ cLc, ^ deliwigfepere pfer drihtnfium, 
 !v<Lvta /vw, /ir~ wonn wselcdksega. Wnlf as sungon 
 Ioa^^ImAZj, 165 atol ffifenl^j) fetes on weuau, 
 ,1ttA«..4£^. cu ft-'^'^'i carle'asan ddbr, cwyldrdf bdbdan 
 y.^, IVV^y U^oIh on mpra Idst ldbdma?gnes fyll, 
 '^o^'t^-A o.'xMU.ftiM'^ hr^pon mearcweardas middum nihtum : 
 Nw^M^ iLy fleah ffege gdst, folc waes genseged. 
 
 I* " ' IvO Hwllum of I'am werode wlance pegnas 
 tv " V ' majton milpapas meara bogum. 
 ' Him |>fer sigecyning wij) pone segn foran 
 
 manna pengel mearcpre'ate rM ; 
 gAl)weard gumeua grlmlielm gespdbn 
 175 cining cinberge (cumbol lixton) 
 wiges on wenum, wa^lhlencan sce6c,
 
 177-207] EXODUS. 23 
 
 heht his hereciste healdan georne 
 
 faest fyrdgetrinn. Fdbnd onsegon 
 
 Idpum (^igum laudnianua cyme. 
 180 Ymb liine wjegon wigend unforhte, 
 
 hAre heorovvulfas hilde gretton 
 
 })urstige jTaicwiges | dbdcnholde. 
 
 Haefde him dlesen Idbda dugepe 
 
 tir^adigra twA, |'ftsendo, 
 185 pajt wierou cyningas and cn^wmdgas, 
 
 on \>sdt ^ade riht aepelum ddbre ; 
 
 for]'on Anra gehwilc lit dltedde 
 
 wJepnedcynnes wigan itgliwilcne, 
 
 ]'dra ])e he on ])am fyrste findan mihte. 
 190 Wi^ron inge men ealle aetgsedere 
 
 cyningas on corpre : cAj'Ost gebe'ad 
 
 horn on hdape, to hwaes hsegstealdvm 
 
 gApprelit gumena gearwe bi'eron. 
 
 SwA ]'{er eorp werod ecan lieddon 
 195 iri]> jefter hlj'um l^dmjfignes worn 
 
 ptisendm&lum, j'ider wa;ron Mse : 
 
 hsefdon hie gemynted t6 ]'am maegenhe'apum 
 
 t6 ])am c'erdaege Israliela cynn 
 
 billum Tibrdbtan on hyra brdporgyld. 
 200 Forpon woes on wicum w6p up dhafen, 
 
 atol tefenl^l>. Egesan st6don, 
 
 weredon woelnet, ]>& se w6raa cw6m, 
 
 flugou frficne spel : fdbnd waes anmdd, 
 
 werud wjes wigbldc, 6p ]'8et wlance forsc^f 
 205 mihtig engel, se ]>A menigeo beheld, 
 
 J)8et ))^r gelAjie mid him leng ne mihton 
 
 ges^n t6somne : si]' waes ged^led.
 
 24 EXODUS. [208-236 
 
 IV. 
 
 Renewed fear and further preparation. — Description of the 
 host under Moses. 
 
 Haefde nydfara nihtlangne fyrst, 
 
 pdah ))e him on h^alfa gehwam hettend seomedon, 
 210 maegen oj'pe merestreiim : iiAhtou mdran hwyrft, 
 
 w^ron orw^nan 6j'eli'ihtes, 
 
 s^ton aefter bcorgum in bldcnra r^afum 
 
 we'an on weuum. WjBccende bM 
 
 eall s^ sibgedriht somod setgaedere 
 215 mfiran majgenes, 6)) Mo^'ses bebead 
 
 eorlas on uhttid tyrnum b6nium 
 
 folc somnigean, frecan ^risan 
 
 habban heora hlencan, hycgan on ellen, 
 
 beran beorht searo, beacnum cigean 
 220 sweot sande near : snelle gemundon 
 
 weardas wtgldbp. Werod wfes gef ysed : 
 
 brudon ofer beorgum (byman gehyrdon) 
 
 flotan feldliftsum. Fyrd woes on 6fste, 
 
 si]']ian hie getealdon wi|' J^am t^onhete 
 225 on J'am for)>herge fej'an twelfe 
 
 m6de rdfa ; mtegen waes onhrfired. 
 
 Waes on dnra gehwam aej'eles cynnes 
 
 dlesen under lindum Idbda dngnpe 
 
 on folcgetael fif tig cista ; 
 230 haefde cista gehwilc cAj^es werodes 
 
 g^rberendra gftpfremmendra 
 
 tynhuud geteled tire'adigra. 
 
 paet waes wiglic werod : w^ce ne gretton 
 
 in j'aet rincgetael r^swan herges, 
 235 ]A I'e for gdbgn|)e gyt ne mihton 
 
 under bordhrdbj'an brdbstnet wera
 
 237-201] EXODUS. 25 
 
 wi|) fldne f^nd folmum werigean 
 
 ne him liealu benne gebiden ha'fdon 
 
 ofer liude l.urig, licwunde swor, 
 240 gylpplcgan gdres. Gamele ue m6ston 
 
 hCive heaj'orincas hilde on]'(^n, 
 
 gif him modheapuin majgen swiprade : 
 
 ac hie be wffistmum wig curon, 
 
 hft in Idbdscipe liestau wolde 
 245 m6d mid Tiran, (Tac pan mffignes crajft 
 
 [gegdn mihte] gi\rl)dames feng. 
 
 pd waiS handr6fra here oetga^dere 
 
 ffts forpweges. Fana np-rAd, 
 
 belima beorhtest : bidon ealle yCi gen, 
 250 hwonne sipboda siestreamum ne'ah 
 
 Idbht ofer liudum lyftedoras braec. 
 
 V. 
 
 The harangue of Moses to the host. — Charge to be courageous. 
 — Assurance of God's help. — Dividing of the waters by 
 Moses. — The rising of the host. — Entrance on the sea 
 path. — The march over the sea by tribes. — Description of 
 tribes. — Judah, Reuben, and Simeon. 
 
 Ahldbp pri for hffilejnim hildecalla, 
 
 beald bdbth^ta, bord up ^hof, 
 
 heht \>k folctogan fyrde gestillan, 
 255 j'enden mOdiges mejel monige geh^rdon. 
 
 Wolde reordigean rices hyrde 
 
 ofer hereciste hftlgau stefue ; 
 
 werodes wisa wurpmyndum spraec : 
 
 " Ne b^]) ge ]>y forhtran, \i^ah pe Faraou brdhte 
 260 sweordwigendra side hergas, 
 
 eorla nnrim ! Him eallum wile
 
 26 EXODUS. [262-296 
 
 mihtig drihten ]mrh mine hand 
 
 16 dcKge )>issum diudk^an gj'fan, 
 
 ])8et hie lifigende leug ue niOton « 
 
 265 aegnian mid yrmjium Israhela cyn. 
 
 Ne willa]) ^w oudni'dan dt^ade fe)'an 
 
 ftiege ferli))locan ! fyrst is xt eude 
 
 l^nes lifes. Eow is Idr godes 
 
 d-br6den of br^stum : ic on beterau rifed, 
 270 J)£et ge gewurpien wuldres aldor 
 
 and ^w ltffi-(^an lis^a bidde, 
 
 sigora gesjmto, ju'er ge sij>ien ! 
 
 pis is se ecea Abrahames god, 
 
 frumsceafta fr^a, se ])ks fyrd were]) 
 275 m6dig and mnegenr6f mid J'^re mielan hand." 
 
 H6f J'^ for hergum hliide stefne 
 
 lifigendra Idbd, ])d lie t6 l^dum spraec : 
 
 " Hwffit ! ge nu eligum t6 on Idcia]), 
 
 folca l^fost, fterwuudra sum, 
 280 Ml ic sylfa sl6h and j'^s swij're hand 
 
 grene t&ne garsecges d^p : 
 
 y}> up fsere]', 6fstum wyrcep 
 
 wfBter and wealfnesten. Wegas syndon dr3'ge, 
 
 haswe herestrgeta, holm gerymed, 
 285 ealde sta]:olas, ]>k ic &r ne gefrsegn 
 
 ofer middangeard men geferau, 
 
 fdmge feldas, ]i& for]) heonon 
 
 in ece y]>e ])eahton, 
 
 saelde si%grundas : sO[])wind fornam 
 290 ba3])weges bl^st, brim is dr^afod, 
 
 sand ssecir spdw. Ic w^t s6p gere, 
 
 ])aet ^w mihtig god miltse gecyj'de, 
 
 eorlas, ^rglMe ! dfest is selost, 
 
 ]>aet ge of f^nda fae])me weor]?en, 
 295 nu se dgend up Arjierde 
 
 r^ade stre'amas in randgebeorh :
 
 297-331] EXODUS. 27 
 
 syndon ]»d foreweallas foegrc gestepte 
 
 wraetlicu wicgfaru 6)) wolcna hrof." 
 
 ^fter ]>km wordum werod call drCis, 
 300 in6digra nuBgen : mere stille bM. 
 
 H6fou herecyste hwite linde, 
 
 segnas on saude. Sttiweall AstAli, 
 
 uplaug gestOd wip Israh^'lum 
 
 dndaegue fyrst ; waes s^ eorla gedribt 
 305 Tines m6des : [y]'a weall] 
 
 fajstum ffe]'mum freoJ'OWi^re IiA)ld. 
 
 Nalles hig6 gehyr(v)don lulliges lAre 
 
 si}>j'au Idbfes l^J) k^ste nelir 
 
 sweg swijnode and sauges bland. 
 310 pa pitt fA)r|'e cyn fyrmest (Tode, 
 
 w6d on wstgstrdam, wigan on helipe, 
 
 ofer grenne grand : Judise fe|)a 
 
 An on-orette uncfl]) gehtd 
 
 for his nijvgwinnm, swa him mihtig god 
 315 Jia^s daegweorces d^p lean forgeald, 
 
 sij'I'an him gestelde sigorworca hrej), 
 
 ]>?et he ealdorddm dgen sceolde 
 
 ofer cynericu, cudbwmdga bhled. 
 
 Hsefdon him to segne, ]'d hie on suud stigon, 
 320 ofer bordhr^pan b^cen drjlered 
 
 in I'ani gftrhelipe gyldeune leon, 
 
 drihtfolca mi^st ddbra cenost : 
 
 be ]'am herewisan h^n} o ne woldou 
 
 be him lifigendum lange j'olian, 
 325 j-onne hie t6 gftje g^rwudu ntrdon, 
 
 j'^da tenigro. pracn wses on 6re, 
 
 heard hand-plega, hoegsteald mddige 
 
 WEepna waelslihtes, wigend unforhte, 
 
 bilswajm blddige, beadumsegnes rtes, 
 330 grimhelma gegriud, )'^r Jndas f6r. 
 
 -^fter J'ffire fyrde flota m6dgade,
 
 28 EXODUS. [332-361 
 
 Rubenes simu : randas b^ron I 
 
 sj'ewieiiigG ofer scaltue mersc, ( 
 
 mfia inenio, micel Angetrinn I 
 335 ^de unforht. He his ealdorddm 
 
 synuuin Aswefede, ^sst li6 slpor f6r 
 
 on It^fes lt\st : him on Idbdsceare 
 
 frumbearnes riht frdbbrdj'or 6)))>ah, 
 
 dad and ajpelo ; h^ woes earn swA, ] eah. 
 340 pitn- [forj)] aefter him folca ])ry)nun 
 
 sunu Simeones sweotum cdraon, 
 
 l^'idde ])dbdma3gen : ))t\fas wundon 
 
 ofer gdi-fare, gftpcyst on])rang 
 
 de'awig sceaftum. Da2gw6ma becwOra 
 345 ofer gfirsecges [begoug], godes be'aena sum, 
 
 morgen m^^vetorht. Maegeu forp gewM, 
 
 ]'d ]'ier folcmaegen f6r oefter 6)!rum : 
 
 Isernhergum An wlsode 
 
 raaegen))rymmum miBst, ]'y he miiere wear]?, 
 350 [F6r] ou forj'wegas folc ffifter folcum, 
 
 cyun refter cyune : e<\j;e iegliwilc 
 
 mtegburga riht, sw^ him Mo3-ses be'ad, 
 
 eorla ffipelo. Him wjes dn foeder : 
 
 ItTof Idbdfruma landriht gepali 
 355 frdd on ferhpe, frdbmagum Idbf, 
 
 cende cn^owsibbe eenra manna, 
 
 he'ahfaedera sum hdlige ]i^ode, 
 
 Israela cyn, ouriht g6des, 
 
 swA, ]'£et oi'l'ancum ealde recca}', 
 360 ]>k ]>e mi!egburge m^st gefrunon, 
 
 frumcyn feora, fsedersepelo gehwaeso
 
 362-387] EXODUS. 29 
 
 VI. [Episode.] 
 
 Noah and Ids sons in the ark. — The contents of the ark. — 
 Abraham, the jjeopW s rjuide and lord. — David and Solo- 
 mon. — Abraham and Isaac on the ivay to the mount. — ■ 
 Preparations for the sacrifice. — Arrest by the angel. — 
 Jehovah' s promise as to Abraham's seed. 
 
 [Niwe flddas Noe ofei-htl' 
 
 prymfaest ]'dbden mid his )n1m sunum, 
 
 ))one d^pestau drencfldda 
 365 ])dra )'e gewurde on woruldrice. 
 
 Hsefde liim on hrel're htilige ticfowa : 
 
 for]'on he gel^dde ofer lagustreainas 
 
 mdjnnhorda miest mind gefrstge : 
 
 on feorh-gebeoih f olden haefde 
 370 ealhnn eorpcynne egel^fe 
 
 fi'umcu^w gehwffis, fseder and radder 
 
 tuddort^ondra geteled rime 
 
 mismicelra, J'onne men eunnon, 
 
 snottor st^ldbda ; e'ac |'on sieda gehwilc 
 375 on bearm scipes beornas feredon, 
 
 ))^ra J^e under heofonum hselep bryttiga)>. 
 
 Swd J'ffit wise men wordum secgap, 
 
 ))8et from Noe nigoj'a wi^re 
 
 feeder Abrahames on foletale : 
 380 Jiaet is se Abraham, se him engla god 
 
 naman uiwan ^scedp, e'ac |'on ne'ah and feor 
 
 hdlige he'apas in gehyld bebelid, 
 
 werj'^da geweald. He on wrtece lifde. 
 
 Si|'|'an he gel&dde Idbfost feora 
 385 hMiges h^sum : helxhlond stigon 
 
 sibgemdgas on Seone beorg ; 
 
 w^re hie ]'^r fundon, wuldor gesdwon,
 
 30 EXODUS. [388-422 
 
 haiige hdahtrc^we, sw^ hoele]) gefrunon, 
 
 ]>&v eft so suottra sunu Da.uides 
 390 wuldorfjfist cyuiug witgau Idrum 
 
 getiiubrede tempel gode, 
 
 alh h^ligae, eorpcyniuga 
 
 se wisesta on woruldrice 
 
 healist and liAligost hoelejuim gcfnU^gdst 
 395 miKSt and raiijrost, ]>dra )je manna beam 
 
 fira sefter foldau folmum geworhte. 
 
 T6 ]'am me]'elstede magan gehedde 
 
 Abraham Isaac ; ^dfyr onbrau : 
 
 fyrst ferhpbaua n6 ])y f^gra woes ! 
 400 Wolde jione Ifistweard lige gesyllan 
 
 in b&lblyse beorna selost 
 
 his swsesne sunu t6 sigetibre, 
 
 dngan ofer eor]ian yrfelftfe, 
 
 feores frdfre. pit he swfi for)) gebM 
 405 Idbdum to Mre langsumne hiht : 
 
 h6 paet gecy];de, |)d h^ ];one cniht genam 
 
 fseste mid fobuum, folccA]' gete'ag 
 
 ealde Idfe (ecg grymetode) , 
 
 ]>set he him lifdagas l^fran ne wisse, 
 410 ponne he hyrde heofonc3'ninge. 
 
 Up dr^mde se eorl, wolde slean eaforan sinne, 
 
 unweaxenne ecgum v(fodan, 
 
 magan mid meee, gif bine metod lete : 
 
 ne wolde him beorht feeder beam setniman 
 415 h^lig tiber, ac mid hauda bifeng. 
 
 ph him stjran cw6m stefu of heofonum, 
 
 wuldres hl^j'or, word sefter sprsec : 
 
 " Ne sleh ]>{i, Abraham, pin ^gen beam 
 
 sunu mid sweorde ! s6)' is geeyfed, 
 420 nu ]>in cunnode cyning alwihta, 
 
 j'set Jd wi]) waldend wiere hdblde, 
 
 fseste trdbwe : sdb ]ie freopo sceal
 
 423-451] EXODUS. 31 
 
 in lifdagum longest weor]»an 
 
 4wa t6 ealdre uuswicieudo ! 
 425 M I'earf mannes sunn mdraii tr(^:»wc? 
 
 Ne behwylfau maeg heofon and eorj'e 
 
 his wiildres word widdra and siddra 
 
 ponue befffijjmian mit^ge foldau sceatas, 
 
 eor]'an ymbliwyrft and uprodov, 
 430 gilrsecges giu and ]'dbs gdbmre lyft. 
 
 He Aj) swere]>, engla J^^den, 
 
 wyrda waldend and wereda god, 
 
 s6]'ftBst sigora [weard], )'iirli his sylfes lif, 
 
 ]58et ])ines cynnes and cn^wmdga 
 435 raudwiggendra rim ue cunuon 
 
 ylde ofer eorpau eall6 crj^ft^ 
 
 t6 gesecgenne s6]'um wordiim, 
 
 nym]'e hwylc j'ffis snottor in sefan weorfe, 
 
 ]5£et he ilua niifege ealle gerimau 
 440 stdnas on eorpan, steorran ou heofonura, 
 
 s^beorga sand, sealte 3']'a : 
 
 ac hie gesitta)) be Sctm twdbuum 
 
 6)) Egypte iugej'dbde 
 
 land Cananea, l(fode j'ine, 
 445 frdbbearn faeder, folca selost."] 
 
 VII. 
 
 Pharaoh's host is overivhelmed in the sea. 
 
 Folc waBs tlfi^red : flddegsa becwdra 
 gdstas g(^mre, geofon delipfi hw^p. 
 Wteron beorhhli)m bldde bestfimed, 
 holm heolfre spAw, lire'am wses on 51'^^™5 
 450 waeter wttpna ful, wa?lmist dstdh. 
 Wserou Egypte eft oucyrde,
 
 32 EXODUS. [452-486 
 
 flugon forhtigende, f&r ongfiton, 
 
 woldon hereblda|)e hdmas findau : 
 
 gylp wear]' guornra ! Him oug6n gehndp 
 455 atol 3')'a gewealc : ne j'&r ifenig becw6m 
 
 herges t6 hdme, ac hte liindan beltTac 
 
 wyrd mid w&ge. pa;r Siv wegas Itigon, 
 
 mere mddgode, maegen woes Adreuced. 
 
 Striemas st6don ; storm up gew^t 
 460 h^ah t6 heofonum, herew6pa miest ; 
 
 ld])e cyrmdon ; lyft up geswearc : 
 
 f{%gum st^fnum fl6d bl6d gew6d. 
 
 Raudbyrig wteron rofeue, rodor swipode 
 
 meredelij'a mtest ; mddige swulton 
 465 cyniugas on corpre, cyrr swi|u-ode 
 
 wseges aet ende. Wlgbord scinon. 
 
 Hdab ofer hoelejmm holmweall dstdh, 
 
 merestrelim m6dig : msegen wses on cwealme 
 
 fgeste gefeterod, forjganges nep 
 470 searwum dsteled. Sand bdsnode 
 
 on witodre fyrde, hwonne waj'ema stre'am 
 
 sincalda ste sealtum ypum 
 
 seflj^stum gewuna ece sta])ulas 
 
 nacud uj'dboda n^osan c6me 
 475 ikh fejjeg^st, se ])e f^ndum geu^p. 
 
 Wffis sdb hi^wene lyft heolfre geblanden ; 
 
 brim berstende blddegsan liw^p, 
 
 sgemanna si]', 6]']'oet s6j? metod 
 
 ]'urh Moyses hand mddge rymde : 
 480 wide w^J'de, wffilf£fi]'raum swdbp, 
 
 fl6d Mmgode, f^ge crungon, 
 
 laguland gef^ol, lyft waes onhrered, 
 
 wicon weallfiTesten, wtegas burstou, 
 
 multon meretorras, ]'d se mihtiga sl6h 
 485 mid brdige hand lieofourices weard 
 
 werbtTamas, wlance p^de.
 
 487-514] EXODUS. 33 
 
 Ne mihton forhabban helpendra pap, 
 
 merestr^ames m6d, ac h6 manegum gesc^d 
 
 gyllende gryre : gfirsecg wedde, 
 490 up dt^ah, on sl^ap ; egesan st6don, 
 
 wdbllon wii3lbeuna. Wl-trod gefdbl 
 
 h(^ib of beofouum, baudweorc godes. 
 
 F.^migbdsma flddwearde s\6h 
 
 unbl^wan wajg aide mccc, 
 495 |)aet Jy dea] drepe dribte swjefon, 
 
 synfubra sweot, sAwlum luunon 
 
 fi\?ste befarene, flOdblAc bcre, 
 
 sijipau bie onbugou brftn yppiuge, 
 
 mddwiega mtiest. Msegen eall gedr^s, 
 500 ]'A be gedrencte dugo]> Egypta, 
 
 Faraon raid bis folcuin : be oufond brape, 
 
 sippan [grand] gestiib, godes audsaca, 
 
 J)?et ]'air mibtigra mereflodes weard 
 
 wolde beorofae|)mum bilde gesceddan 
 505 yrre and egesfull. Egyptum wearp 
 
 I'fes daegweorces d^p lelxn gesceod : 
 
 forpam paes beriges bfim eft ne c6m 
 
 ealles ungrundes lienig t6 htfe, 
 
 poette sip beora secgau mdste, 
 510 bodigean sefter burgum bealospella m^st, 
 
 bordwearda bryre bwlej'a cw^num, 
 
 ac pd moegenpre'atas merede'ap geswealb, 
 
 [spilde] spelbodan, se pe sped ttbte, 
 
 ^geat gylp wera : bie wij) god wuuuon !
 
 34 EXODUS. [516-542 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Wo7'ds of Moses to Israel on the farther shore. — God's 2iower 
 and covenant faithfidness. — The joy (f the j^^^ojde upon 
 their deliverance. — Division of spoil. 
 
 515 pfinon Israhelum ece ri^das 
 
 on mereliwearfe INIoyses saegde 
 
 h^ahpungen wer lullige spruce, 
 
 diSbp lyreude : diijgweorc nemna]n 
 
 SwA, gyt wer)dbde on gewritum findap 
 520 ddma gehwilcne, pAra j;e him drihten bebtTad 
 
 on ])am si|>fate s6|)um wordum. 
 
 Gif onlAcan wile lifes wealhst6d 
 
 beorht in brdbstum b^nliftses weard 
 
 ginfest god gAstes ci^gum, 
 525 rftn bi]> gerecenod, ntd for)» gie)»: 
 
 hafa]' wlsllcu word on fa?])me, 
 
 wile me'agollice m6duni ttecan, 
 
 ]r^et we geslne ne s^n godes ]'dbdscipes, 
 
 meotodes miltsa. He As m^ onlyh)?, 
 530 nu As bdceras beteran secga]', 
 
 lengran lyft wynna : ])is is lisne dre'am 
 
 wommum ftwyrged, wreecum dlyfed, 
 
 earmra anbld : ^pell^ase 
 
 ]'3'sne gystsele gihpum healda]', 
 535 murnaj) on mdde, mdnhfis witon 
 
 fffist under foldan, J'ttr bij? fyr and wyrm, 
 
 open ece scraef yfela gehwylces. 
 
 Swd nu regn)'(^fas rice dsela]> 
 
 yldo o]')'e itrdelil', eftwyrd cym]> 
 540 maegenj'rymma ra^st ofer middangeard, 
 
 dseg di«dum f Ah : drihten sylfa 
 
 on pam mepelstede manegum deme]?.
 
 643-575] EXODUS. 35 
 
 ponne he sdpfsestra sdwla l^de]? 
 
 (Tadige giiestas on uprodor, 
 545 Y&r [is] Idbht and lif , t%c )'0n lissa bl&d : 
 
 dugo)) on dr^ame drihten heriga]) 
 
 weroda wuldorcyniug tO widan feore. 
 
 SwA reordode neda gemyndig 
 
 manna mildost mihtum swiped 
 550 hlfulau stefne ; here stille bdd 
 
 witodes willan, wundor ongfiton, 
 
 mddiges mfi))ht^l ; h6 t6 moenegum spraec : 
 
 " Mieel is ];^s menigeo, mt^genwisa trum, 
 
 fullesta miSest, se ] Tis fare kede)' ! 
 555 hafa]> As on Cananea cyn gelyfed 
 
 burh and be'agas, brftde rice : 
 
 wile nu geltestan, ]'a?t he lange gehet 
 
 mid d)'sware, engla drihten, 
 
 in fyrndagum federyncynne, 
 560 gif ge gehealdap h^lige \Ave, 
 
 ))aet ge fdbnda gehwone for)' oferganga]?, 
 
 gesitta|> sigerice be sa;m tw^onum 
 
 b^rselas beorna : bi]' ^wer bl^d micel ! " 
 
 After j'dra wordum werod wffis on s^lum, 
 565 sungon sigebyman, segnas stddon 
 
 on fffigerne sweg. Folc wses on lande : 
 
 hffifde wuldres hehm. werud gel^ded 
 
 hdlige he'apas on hild godes. 
 
 Life gef^gon, ])k hie 6]'l^ded haefdon 
 570 feorh of f^nda d6me, ] e'ah pe hie hit frficne genepdon 
 
 weras under wffitera hrdfas. Ges5,won hie pger weallas 
 standan ; 
 
 ealle him brimu blddige ))<ihton, jmrh \>& heora beado- 
 searo w^gon. 
 
 Hrej'don hildespell^, sippan hie pam [herge] wipfdron, 
 
 h6fon here]'r^atas lilAde stefne, 
 575 for ]>am dsedweorce drihten heredon :
 
 36 EXODUS. [576-589 
 
 weras wuldres sang, wlf on 6prum, 
 
 folcswdbta nvdist fyrdldb)) g61ou 
 
 acluiu stefuum eallwundra fela. 
 
 pd waes ej'fynde Afrisc mdbwle 
 580 on geofoues sta])e gold6 geweorpod : 
 
 hand dh6fon huls\vur]>unge, 
 
 bllfe w^ron, b6te gesAwon, 
 
 h^ddou hercrdhfes (h;«ft wffis onsicled), 
 
 onffiinuou sa-hlfe se2;nnni dielan 
 585 on 3'1'lMe, ealde m^pmas, 
 
 reaf and randas : heom on riht sc^de 
 
 gold and godweb, Josephes gestrdbn 
 
 wera wuldorgesteald. Werigend Itlgon 
 
 on dell]) stede, drihtfolca m&st.
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 Prosperity of the Jews in Jerusalem. — GocVs blessing upon 
 them. — Their pride and rebellion. — Entrance of the 
 Chaldean soothsayers. — Enmity of Nebuchadnezzar. — 
 The Babylonians in Jerusalem. — Despoiling of the temple. 
 — Departure of the enemy with treasiires and captives. — 
 Subjection of the Hebrews in Babylon. — Search by the 
 king for ivise youth. — Choice of the three Hebrews: 
 Hananiah, Mishael, Azariah. — TJieir cq^pearance before 
 the king. — Provision for their needs. 
 
 Gefraegn ic Hebrfios ^dge lifgean, 
 
 in Hierusalem goldliord d^lan, 
 
 cyniugd6m habban, swtt him gecynde waes, 
 
 sip]'an )mrh metodes msegeu on Moyses hand 
 5 wear]) wig gifen wigeua maeuieo 
 
 and hie of Egyptum At afdron 
 
 maegene micle : pajt wses mOdig cyn, 
 
 })enden hie yy rice riiedan mdstoii, 
 
 burgum w^ldon ; waes him beorht wela, 
 10 penden ptet folc mid liim hiera freder wtere 
 
 healdan woldon. Wres him liyrde g6d 
 
 heofonrices weard, hdlig drihten, 
 
 wuidres waldeud, se pam werude geaf 
 
 m6d and mihte, metod alwihta, 
 15 ]>set hie oft fela folca feore gesce6don 
 
 heriges helmum, J'dra ))e him hold ne waes,
 
 38 DANIEL. [17-51 
 
 6}) I'set hie wlenco auw6d set wlnjiege 
 
 ddbfoldaTlum, druncue ge])ohtas : 
 
 ))d hie iuci'ififtas Tuie foilctou, 
 20 metodes maegeuscipe, sw^ u6 man scyle 
 
 his gfistes lufan wi]' gode dit'hxn ! 
 
 p& geseah ic ]>A gedriht iu gedwolan lifgan, 
 
 Isra^la cyu unriht d6n, 
 
 wommas wyrccan : J^a^t wses weorc gode. 
 25 Oft h6 ]>iim Idbdum Idre sende 
 
 heofourices weard h^lige gAstas, 
 
 ]>k )'am werude wisd6m budou. 
 
 Hie ]»it're snytro 86)' gel^fdon 
 
 lytle hAvile, 6]y ])ffit hie lauguiig beswdc 
 30 eorpan drelimas eces ra;des, 
 
 ])8et hie set si|)estau sylfe forl^ton 
 
 drihtues ddmas, curou defies erajft. 
 
 pA wear]) r6))em6d rices pdbdeu, 
 
 unhold j'dbden j'^m he ^hte geaf : 
 35 wisde him sdt frym])e, J'd ]'e on frum'au xv |)on 
 
 wserou mancyunes metode djrust, 
 
 dugo]?a dyrust drihtne Idbfost, 
 
 herepa]> t6 ]wre hean by rig 
 
 eorhim el])dbdigum on ejjelland, 
 40 f^r Salem st6d searwum dfaestnod, 
 
 wealhim geweor]7od : to ];ies witgan foron 
 
 Cald^a cyu t6 ceastre for]), 
 
 f^r Israela ^hta w^ron 
 
 bewrigene mid weorciim ; id ])Am ])8et werod gef6r, 
 45 m8egen]'re'at maire mAnbealwes georn. 
 
 Awehte ])0ue wajlai]? wera aldorfre'a 
 
 Babiloues brego on his burhstede 
 
 Nabochodonossor ]nirh nijjhete, 
 
 ])8et h6 sfican ongan sefan gehygdum, 
 50 hA he Isra^Ium ^a])Ost meahte 
 
 })urh gromra gang guman 6]']'ringan :
 
 52-86] DANIEL. 39 
 
 gesamuoclc pA s{l))au and norl>aa 
 
 woelhrdbw werod aud west faran 
 
 herige h^))enc3'ninga t6 ])&re h^n b3nrig : 
 55 Israfila ^^I'clweardas 
 
 lufan lifwelau, j'euden hie 16t metod. 
 
 pd ic epan gefraegn ealdfdbnda eyn 
 
 wiubiuh wera : pa wigan ne gelyfdon, 
 
 bere'tifodou ]ki receda wuldor re'adau goldd, 
 60 since aud seolfr6, Salomones tempi, 
 
 gestrudan gestrdbna under stfiuhlipum 
 
 swilce all swA ])A eorlas agan sceoldon, 
 
 6]> pset hie burga gehwoue ^brocen hsefdou 
 
 ))^ra )'e ] am folce to fripe st6dou. 
 65 Gehlddou him t6 hflpe hordwearda gestr^a, 
 
 f^ and frdbs, swile ])^r fuudeu wses, 
 
 and ])d mid pAm a^htum eft sipedon 
 
 aud gelitddou e'ac ou laugne sip 
 
 Israela cyn ou elistwegas 
 70 t6 Babilouia, beorua unrim, 
 
 under hand hailep htepeuum dfiman. 
 
 Naboehodonossor him ou U3d dyde 
 
 Israela beam ofer ealle lufen 
 
 wiepna \Me t6 weorcpdbwum. 
 75 Onsende pd siura pegua 
 
 worn ])ffis werudes west t6 ffiran, 
 
 pset him pdra l^da land geh^lde 
 
 6pue epel refter Ebreum. 
 
 Het ]'d secau slue ger^fau 
 80 geond Israela earme Mfe, 
 
 hwilc p^re g^gope gl^awost w^re 
 
 b6ca bebodes, pe p&r bruugen waes : 
 
 wolde, paet ]>k cnihtas crasft leornedon, 
 
 ]'3et him snytro ou sefan seegau mihte, 
 85 nalles py ))e h6 pfet mdste o]')'e gemunan wolde, 
 
 paet h6 pdra gifena gode pancode,
 
 40 DANIEL. [87-112 
 
 )'e him ]){^r t6 (lugu|'e driliten sc3'rede. 
 pd hte I'-diV fundou t6 freagl^awe 
 fepele cnihtas and ^fseste, 
 90 gioge and g6de in godsfede : 
 dn wees Ananias, 6j)er Azarias, 
 fridda Misael, metode gecorene. 
 pd ]ny c6mon td J'dbdne foran 
 hearde and liigej'ancle, ]>&r se htepena saet 
 95 cyning corfres georn in Caldfia byrig. 
 pd Me pam wlaucan wisd6m sceoldon 
 weras Ebr6a wordum C3'J'an, 
 higecrseft h^ane jmrh liMig m6d. 
 pk se beorn bebe'ad, Babilone weard 
 100 swij'mdd cyning, sinum jegnum 
 f>8et ]>k frumgdras be feore dtede, 
 ]>set ]>tm gengum I'lym gftd ne w&re 
 wiste ne w^de in woruldlife. 
 
 II. 
 
 The king's pride and defiance of God. — His unpropitious 
 dream. — Command to his wise men to tell it. — Being un- 
 able, he threatens them tvith death. — Daniel appears before 
 the king as interpreter. — The king praises and exalts him. 
 
 \>k wfes brerae Babilone weard 
 105 msere and m6dig ofer middaugeard, 
 
 egesful ylda bearnum : nd he ^ fremede, 
 
 ac in oferhygde ieghwjes lifdc. 
 
 pk. parn folctogau on frnmsltepe, 
 
 si)>Jjan t6 reste gehwearf rice ];^den, 
 110 com on sefan hwurfan swefues w6raa, 
 
 h<i AYoruld Wi^re wundrum get(^d 
 
 ungelic yldura 6|) edsceafte.
 
 113-147] DANIEL. 41 
 
 Wear)' him on sl.t'pe s6|' gecvped, 
 
 paette rices gehwtvs repe sceolde gelimpan, 
 115 eorpan drcTamas ende wur|'an. 
 
 pA onw6c wulfheort, se jt^r wiugAl swa3f , 
 
 Babiloue weard. N.es liiiu bli)»e liige, 
 
 ac him sorh Astdh swefnes w6man : 
 
 n6 h<S geraunde, ]'iet liim raetod waes. 
 120 Het I'A t6somne siura k^da, 
 
 I'A, wiccungd6m widest b&ron, 
 
 fra?gn |)A ]'d mreuigeo, hwaet hiue gemjiette, 
 
 penden reordbereud reste vvunode : 
 
 wear]> he on J)am egesau acol worden, 
 125 pd he ne wisse word ne augin 
 
 swefnes sines, bet him secgau ]:e'ah. 
 
 pri liim uublipe andswaredon 
 
 ddbfolwitgan (nres him d6m gearu 
 
 t6 Asecgaune swefeu cyninge) : 
 130 " Hfi mfigon w6 swit dygle, drihten, dhicgan 
 
 on sefan ])inne ht\ ];6 swefnede 
 
 oppe wyrda gesceaft wlsddm bnde, 
 
 gif ))ft his terest ne meaht 6r i\reccan?" 
 
 pd him unbllpe andswarode 
 135 wulfheort cyning, witgum slnum : 
 
 " Nteron g^ swCi ehcne ofer ealle men 
 
 m6dge];ances, swA ge me soegdon 
 
 and I set gecw^don, paet ge ciipou mine 
 
 aldorlege, swA, me tefre wearp 
 140 oppe ic furpor findau sceolde, 
 
 nu g6 m^tinge mine ne cunnon, 
 
 pA I'C me for werode wisd6m berej' ! 
 
 G6 sweltap d^ajfi, nympe ic d6m wite 
 
 s6pan swefnes, pa3S mln sefa myndgaj) ! " 
 145 Ne meahte ]'A s^ maenigeo on pam mej'elstede 
 
 purli witigdom wihte i1];encean 
 
 ne Ahicgan, ]'ti hit forhsefed ge wearp,
 
 42 DANIEL. [148-167 
 
 pfEtte hie sjt'dou swcfu c^nioge, 
 
 wyrda gerynu, 6j) juxit witga cw6ra 
 150 Daniel t6 d6me, se waes drihtne gccoren 
 
 snotor and s6|'fjcst, in ])aet seld gangan : 
 
 se waes ordfruma earmre Idfe, 
 
 ]>Sbre ]>e ]'am h&penan hj^ran sceolde. 
 
 Him god sealde gife of heofnuni 
 155 I'urh hldbj'orcwyde lulliges gdstes, 
 
 I'Sit liiin engel godes call ^saegde, 
 
 swtl his raaudrihten gemteted wear|j. 
 
 pa dbde Daniel, ]>^ dteg lylite, 
 
 swefen reccan sinum fr^an, 
 160 sfegde him wislice wereda gesceafte, 
 
 pffitte s6na ongeat swi|'m6d cyning 
 
 ord and ende f'Ses ]'e him ywed waes. 
 
 p^ haefde Daniel d6m micelne, 
 
 blaid in Babilonia mid b6cerum, 
 165 si))])an h6 gest^de swefen eyninge, 
 
 |)8et he iev for fireniim onf6n ne meahte, 
 
 Babilonie weard, in his brdbstlocan.
 
 1(18-184] DANIEL. 43 
 
 III. 
 
 The king still defiant. — Raises an idolatrous image in Dura. 
 — The people boiv to it. — The three Hebrews refuse and 
 are threatened. — They are jjlaced in the fiery furnace. — 
 Preserved from harm, they rejoice. — The king's anger and 
 ivonder. — The song of Azariah. — Praises God and con- 
 fesses the sin of the Jeios. — Pleads the covenant and prays 
 for help. — The angel of deliverance appeal's and saves 
 them. — The song of the three Hehreios. — All things praise 
 Jehovah, the Triune God. — The king and his chiefs take 
 counsel. — Tlie lender pleads for the youth. — They come out 
 of the furnace to the king. — The angel ctscends. — The king 
 praises God and favors his servants. — Acknowledges the 
 wisdom of Daniel. 
 
 N6 hwae])ere ]'£et Daniel gecl6n mihte, 
 
 ]»aet h6 wolcle metodes mihte gel^fau : 
 170 ac he wyrcan ongan weoh ou felda, 
 
 ))am \Q ddbrmdde Diran heton, 
 
 se waes on |>t%re ):dbde, ])e swA [prymlice hiUte] 
 
 bresne Babilouige : ptere burge weard 
 
 ^nne maullcan ofer metodes est 
 175 gyld of golde gumum dn^rde, 
 
 forpam he gle'aw ne woes, gumrices weard 
 
 rej)e and raedldas, rihtes [ue gymde]. 
 
 p6 wear]' hffile])a hlyst, \t hl^por cw6m 
 byman stefiie ofer burhware. 
 180 pd hie for pam cumble on cnt^wum stetgn, 
 onhnigon t6 pam herige h^ejine ):^de, 
 wurpedon wihgyld (ne wiston wnestran rted), 
 efnedou unrihtdom, swti hyra aldor dyde 
 m^ne gemenged, m6de gefrecnod :
 
 44 DANIEL. [185-218 
 
 185 fremde folcmaegen, sw^ hyra fr^a ^rest 
 
 unnl'd efnde ; him yves aifter becw6m 
 
 yfel eudelehn : uurilit dyde ! 
 
 p&r )5ri w^ron on pses ] ^dnes byrig 
 
 eorlas Israela, ]'set hie A noldon 
 190 hyra ])dbdnes d6m ]>afigan onginuan, 
 
 |)}Tet hie t6 J'am bdacne gebedu nerde, 
 
 |;^ah ])e ]'ter on byrig bj^mau sungon : 
 
 j)^ w&ron aej'elum Abrahames beam, 
 
 wjeron w&rfffiste, wiston drihten 
 195 ecue uppe relmihtne. 
 
 Cnihtas cyueg6de c(l]> gedydon, 
 
 I'ffit hie him pxt gold t6 gode noldon 
 
 habban ne healdan ac j-one heliu cyning, 
 
 gdsta hyrde, ])e him gife sealde. 
 200 Oft hie t6 bdbte balde gecwit'don, 
 
 ])ciet hie J'ses wiges wihte ne rdhton 
 
 ne hie t6 ]jam gebede geb^dan mihte 
 
 ht^j'en heriges wlsa, ]sst hie j'ider hweorfan wolden, 
 
 guman t6 ])am gyldnau gylde, ]'e he him id gode 
 getdbde. 
 205 pegnas p^dne sjegdon, ]rxt hie j'tere gepeahte nseron 
 
 " hseftas h^ran in ]>isse he'an byrig, 
 
 paet f>is [hilepengyld] hergan ne willap 
 
 ne I'isne wig wurjngean, ]'e )'A ]>e td wnndrum t^dest." 
 
 pd him bolgenm6d Babilone weard 
 210 yrre andswarode ; eorlum onm^lde 
 
 grimme ]'dm gingum and gdbcre oncwae)>, 
 
 J'aet hie gegnunga gyldan sceolde 
 
 o]>]>e jTOwigean J^relinted micel, 
 
 frecne. fyres wylm, nym))e hie frij'es wolde 
 215 wilnian t6 J'am wyrrestan, weras Ebrea, 
 
 guman t6 pam golde, j^e he him t6 gode tdbde. 
 
 Noldon le'ah ] A, hyssas hyran Ittrum 
 
 in hige hifepnum, hogedou georne.
 
 219-251] DANIEL. 46 
 
 fast & gocles ealle gel&ste 
 220 and ne riwricodon wereda drihtue, 
 
 ne hc%n-moegen hwyrfe in hc«|)cnd6m : 
 
 ne hie t6 fticne freo|:o wilnedan, 
 
 J'^ah pe him se bitera d^a]) gebodeu wiere. 
 
 pft wear]' yrre anm6d cyning : 
 225 hSt h6 [egeslice] ofu ouhietan 
 
 td cwale cuihta feonim, for|)am l>e hie his craeftas ons6con. 
 
 p6 h6 waes geglMed, sw^ h6 grimmost raihte, 
 
 fr^cne fyres lig6, j'^i M |'yder folc samnode 
 
 and gebindau h6t Babiloue weard 
 230 grim and gealhmdd godes spelbodan, 
 
 het ]'A his scealcas scftfan ]»d hjssas 
 
 in bt^lblyse, beornas giuge. 
 
 Gearo waes, se him g^ce gefremede ; J^e'ah )>e hie swd 
 grome njdde 
 
 in fse]'m f^res lige, hwae]'ere heora feorh generede 
 235 mihtig metodes weard, swd J?set maenige gefrunon, 
 
 hAhge him j'ter help getdbde. Sende him of h^an rodore 
 
 god gumena weard gdst J'one h^lgan ; 
 
 engel in J^one ofn innan becwdm, J'ser hte J'aet agldc drugon, 
 
 f r^obearn fsej'mum bej'eahte under ]iam fyrenau hr6fe : 
 240 ne mihte jielih heora wHte gewemman [ne him wroht 
 6)>faestan] 
 
 wylm j'ses wwfran liges, ]>& hie se waldend nerede. 
 
 HrcTohmdd wo9s se ha^j'ena J'^den, het liie hrape baernan : 
 
 i^led waes ungesce'ad micel. p^ waes se ofen onh^ted, 
 
 isen eall ]nirhgl£'ded : bine j'&r esnas maenige 
 245 wurpon wudu on innan, swA him woes on wordum gedSmed, 
 
 bieron brandas on byrne blacan fyres. 
 
 Wolde wulfheort cyning weall onsweallan 
 
 iserne ymb ^faeste, 6}) J^aet up gewdt 
 
 lig ofer l^fum and ]'urh lust gesldh 
 250 micM mdre, j'onne gemet w^re. 
 
 p^ se lig gewand on IdJ^e men
 
 46 DANIEL. [252-286 
 
 baej'ne of Mlgum. Hyssas w&ron 
 
 bli)'em6de, burnon scealcas 
 
 ymb ofeu fttau : alet gebwearf 
 255 tdbufuUum ou teso, peer td geseah 
 
 Babilone brego. Blipe w&roii 
 
 eorlas Ebr6a, 6festuin lieredon 
 
 drihten on drcOiine, dydon swA hie o(l)>on 
 
 ofne on innan aldre geuerede. 
 260 Guraan gbiednidde god wurj edon, 
 
 under pses faj)*me f e geflj'nied wearj> 
 
 fr6cne f^res hjleto : fr^bearn wurdon 
 
 ^Iteten liges ganga ; ne hie him |)a!r 1^]> gedydon : 
 
 naes him se sw^g t6 sorge );on m^ J'e sunnan scima ; 
 265 ne se bryne bdbt mrecgum, J^enden in ])am bdbte w^ron, 
 
 ac ]'8et f}!" scyde t6 Jdm ]ie ])A scylde worhton : 
 
 hweorfon \>k hi^epenau hoeftas fram ))dm hdlgum cnihton ; 
 
 w^rigra wlite minsode, ]'^ra j^e ]>y worc6 geffigon. 
 
 Geseah ]'t\ swipmdd cyning, ]>& h6 his sefan ontrdbwde, 
 270 wundor on wlte dgangen ; him ])8et wrsecltc ])Ahte : 
 
 hyssas h^le hwurfon in )>am hdtan ofne 
 
 ealle t^faeste pry [unforbaerned] . 
 
 Him e'ac )'^r wnes kn on gesyhpe 
 
 engel aelmihtiges : him pi^r dwiht ne derede, 
 275 ac wses ])^r inne ealles geltcost 
 
 efne )'onne on sumera sunne sclnep 
 
 and de'awdrias on dsege weorj^ep 
 
 winde geondsdwen. pa^t waes wuldres god, 
 
 |)e hie generede wi\> pam nij>hete. 
 280 pk Azarias ingefancum 
 
 hldbprade hdlig jmrh hdtne llg 
 
 dffida georn ; drihten herede 
 
 wer womma Ida's and ]'d word ^cwaej) : 
 
 " Metod alwihta ! hwset, ])ti eart mihtum swi]) 
 285 nipas t6 nergenne ! is )'iu nama niitre 
 
 wlitig and wuldorfaest ofer \Yerpdbde !
 
 287-t521] DANIEL. 47 
 
 siendon ))tae d6mas in daga gchwam 
 
 s6|>e and geswi|'de and gesigefiest, 
 
 swft ]'([ eac sylfa eart [sigores waldeud] ! 
 290 syndon |'lne willan on woruldspfidum 
 
 rihtc and gerflme, rodora waldeud ! 
 
 Gdbca <\ser georue nu, gilsta scippend, 
 
 and ]nu'h [hyldo] help, hdlig drihtcn, 
 
 nu w6 )'ec for I'rcTaum and for l^b-uydum 
 295 and for dixpint'dum firna biddu]) 
 
 lig^ belfigde ! W6 ]>ses lifgende 
 
 worhton on worulde, eac ))on worn dyde 
 
 Aser yldran for oferhygdum, 
 
 bri^cou bebodo burhsittende, 
 300 bM oferhogedou hdlgan lifes. 
 
 Siendon we t6wreceue geond widne grund 
 
 helipuni t6hworfene hylde lelise : 
 
 is Aser lif geond lauda fela 
 
 fracop and gefri^ge folca raanegum, 
 305 ]}k ftsic bewnecon t6 J'les wyrrestau 
 
 eorj'cyninga {fehta gewealde, 
 
 on haeft heorugrimra, and we nu h&)>enra 
 
 pawned I'olia]' : paes \>e j'anc sie, 
 
 wereda wuldorcyning, ]r^et \yii us J'^s wrace t^dest ! 
 310 Ne forl^t ]>t Asic, ^ua 6ce drihten, 
 
 for ])dm miltsum )'e pec men hliga]> 
 
 and for jirim trdbwum pe ))<i tirum fsest, 
 
 nipa nergend, genumen hsefdest 
 
 t6 Abrahanie and t6 Isaace 
 315 and id Jaeobe, gdsta scyppend ! 
 
 ]>ti him ]>set gehfite }mrh hldbporcwyde, 
 
 pset ]>t heora fromcyn in fyrndagum 
 
 lean wolde, J'sette oefter him 
 
 on cn^rissum cenned wurde, 
 320 and s^ mffiuigeo m^re wi%re 
 
 hat 16 hebbanne, swd heofousteorran
 
 48 DANIEL. [322-3ofi 
 
 bebAga)) brMue hwyrft 6)) ))A brimfaro, 
 
 J'aes styfaroj'a sand geond sealtne wa'g 
 
 in care gryude)), |)a3t ])us his uurim Cl 
 325 iu wintra worn wurjan sceolde. 
 
 Fyl uu frumspnuce, ) tOili heora feti lifigen, 
 
 wlitiga ))inne wordcwyde and j'iu wuldor on tin ! 
 
 gecyj' crseft and miht, j'aet ]>sst Caldcas 
 
 and folca fela gefrigen habba]', 
 330 I'd ]'e under heofenum hciel)eue litlgea)', 
 
 and ]>set ]>t[ ^na eai*t 6ce drihten, 
 
 weroda waldeud, woruldgesccafta 
 
 sigora settend, s6]'fjest metod ! " 
 
 Swd se hdlga wer hfirgende wses 
 335 metodes miltse and his mihta spdd 
 
 rehte ])urh reorde. pd of roderum waes 
 
 engel aelbeorht nfan onsended, 
 
 wlitescyne wer on his wuldorhaman, 
 
 se him cw6m to fr6fre and t6 feorhnere 
 340 mid lufan and mid lisse, se J»one lig tdsce'af 
 
 hdlig and heofonbeorht hdtan f^'res, 
 
 tdswdbp bine and tdswende ))Lirh ]>h swipan miht 
 
 ligges Idbman, })8et hyra lice ne wses 
 
 dwiht geegled : ac h6 on andan sl6h 
 345 fyr on f^ndas for fyrend&dum. 
 
 P&, wses on ]'am ofne, ]>ser se eugel becwdm, 
 
 windig and wynsum wedere gelicost, 
 
 ponne hit on sumeres tid sended weorpe]' 
 
 dropena drdarnng on dseges hwile, 
 350 wearmllc wolcua scfir : swylc bi]) wedera cyst, 
 
 swylc waes on ])am f^'re frelin mihtum 
 
 hdlgum t6 helpe ; wear]) se hdta lig 
 
 t6drifen and tddwaesced, ]ner pd di^dhwatan 
 
 geond ]'one ofen dbdon and se engel mid 
 355 feorli nerigende, se ]'£er f^rpa waes, 
 
 Ananias and Azarias
 
 357-391] DANIEL. 49 
 
 and Misael. pi^r ]>Ci m6dhwatan 
 
 j'ly on gepancum )!dbdeu hfiredon ; 
 
 bidden bletsian beam Israela 
 360 eall landgesceaft 6cne dviliten, 
 
 ])dbda waldeud. Swfi hie Jny cwitdon 
 
 m6dum horsce )'urli gem&ne word : 
 
 " p6 gebletsige, bylywit faeder, 
 
 wonildcrfefta wlite and weorca gehwilc, 
 365 heofenas and engias and hluttor wfeter ! 
 
 ]A fe on roderum on rihtre gesceaft 
 
 wunia|> in wuldre, ]>ri |'ec wur)na)', 
 
 and J'ec, aslmihtig, ealle gesceafte, 
 
 rodorbeorhtan tunglu, ]'4 ];e ryne healda]), 
 370 sunne and indna, sunder anra gehwilc 
 
 herige in hAde ! and heofonsteorran, 
 
 de'aw and ddbr scAr, J'd );ec ddmige 
 
 and pec, god mihtig, g^stas lofige ! 
 
 byruende fjr and beorht sunior 
 375 nergend hergap, niht somod and daeg! 
 
 and ])ec lauda gehwilc, Idbht and ] dbstro, 
 
 hfirige on htlde, somod hdt and ceald ! 
 
 and pec, fre'a mihtig, forstas and sn^was, 
 
 winterbiter weder and wolcenfaru 
 380 lofige on lyfte ! and pec ligetu, 
 
 blAce berhtmhwate, pa ]'ec blestige ! 
 
 eall eorpan grund, ^ce driliten, 
 
 hyllas and hrAsan and he'll beorgas, 
 
 sealte Si^wiygas, sdpfsest metod, 
 385 ^astre'ara }pa and upcyme 
 
 wsetersprync wylla, pA pec wur]»ia]' ? 
 
 hwalas ])ec herigap and hefonfngolas 
 
 lyftldcende ! ]>k pe lagostr^amas 
 
 waeterscipe wecgap and wildu d^or 
 390 and ndata gehwilc naman bletsie, 
 
 and manna beam mddum liifiap
 
 50 DANIEL. [392-42d 
 
 and )'ec Israela, .'fehta scyppend, 
 
 herigal' in lifide horran siune ! 
 
 and J'cc liMigra licortan cra^ftas, 
 395 s6)'f8estra gehw£es sdwle and gdstas 
 
 lofia)> lifFr^au, ItOui sellende 
 
 eallum [tefiestum] t'ce drihteu ! 
 
 Annanias ])ec and Adzarias 
 
 and Misael, metod, ddmige 
 400 brdbstgejjancum ! We ]>ec bletsiap, 
 
 fr^a folca gehwaes, faeder ailmihtig, 
 
 s6)) sunu metodes, s^wla uergend, 
 
 hselejm helpeud, and ]'ec, litilig gdst, 
 
 wnr)'ia]' in wuldre, witig drihten ! 
 405 w6 pec lierigap, Mlig drihten, 
 
 and gebeduni br§ma]» ! ])(\ gebletsad eart 
 
 gewurjiad [wide] ferhj) ofer worulde hr6f 
 
 h^ahcyning heofones hMgnm mihtum 
 
 lifes l^htfrunia ofer landa gehwilc ! " 
 410 pk ])8et ehtode ealdor ]'dbde 
 
 Nabochodouossor wi)) ]'^m nehstum 
 
 folcgesipum : " paet dbwer fela geseah, 
 
 J7^de mine, ]>8et we Jn-y sendon 
 
 geboden t6 b^le in byrnende 
 415 fyres l^oman ! Nn ic I't^r f^wer men 
 
 gesdb t6 s6)je : nales me sefa Idbge)) 1 " 
 
 p^ cwaep, se \>e wses cyninges reeswa 
 
 wis and wordgle'aw : " paet is wundra sum, 
 
 )58et w^ ]ner e'agum on 16cia)) ! 
 420 gepenc, p^den min, ]nne gerysna ! 
 
 ongyt georne, liwA ]'4 gyfe sealde 
 
 gingum gaedelingnm ! hie god h^riga)) 
 
 dnne ecne and ealles him 
 
 be naman geliwam on n^d sprecap, 
 425 ])ancia]) I'rymmes Jnlstum wordum, 
 
 cwe)'aj> he sie dua selmihtig god.
 
 427-458] DANIEL. 51 
 
 witig wuldorcyning worldc and heofona. 
 
 Aban yti ]A beornas, brego Caldea, 
 
 ftt of ofne ! nis ]>xt dwihtes g6d, 
 430 ]>set hie sten on ]:aiu liij'e leng j'onne ])A |'urfe." 
 
 H6t ]>&. se cyning 16 him cuihtas gangan : 
 
 hyssas hearde hyrdon Iftre, 
 
 cyrdon cyneg6de, swA hie gecypde w^ron, 
 
 hwurfon hielejr geonge t6 ]'am hj^penan foran : 
 435 wtleron ]>A bendas forburnene, ]'d him on bdnuui lAgou, 
 
 ld,])searo Idbda cyuiuges, and hyra lice geborgen ; 
 
 naes hyra wlite gewemmed ne ntenig wr6ht on hraegle, 
 
 ne feax fjr^ beswi^led, ac hie on fripe diihtnes 
 
 of ]>am grimman gvyre glade treddedon 
 440 gle'awmdde guman on gdstes hyld. 
 
 pA gewdt se engel up, sficau him 6ce dr^amas, 
 
 on he'ahne hr6f heofona rices, 
 
 heh]'egen and hold hA,lgum metode : 
 
 hffifde on pam wundre gewur])od, ]'e j'a gewyrhto 4hton. 
 445 Hyssas h^redon drihten for j^am h^penan folce, 
 
 sewton hie s6])cwidum and him s^don fela 
 
 s6]'ra tdcna, 6)' pffit he sylfa gelyfde, 
 
 ])set se w^re mihta waldend, se fe hie of pam mirce 
 generede. 
 
 Gebe'ad }'d se bnesna Babilone weard 
 450 swifmdd sinum Idbdum, pset se w^re his aldre scyldig, 
 
 )'e ]'fes onsdce, j'sette so)' wi«re 
 
 miere mihta waldend, se hie of ]'am morjn'e Mysde. 
 
 Agsef him ]>^ his l^da lAfe, ]>e ]>-&r gelsedde w^ron, 
 
 and nfthte ealdf^ndum, j)jBt hie are hsefdon. 
 455 Wffis heora bleed in Babilone, sij'j'an hie ]'one bryne 
 fandedou ; 
 
 d6m wear]) after duguj^e gecyj'ed, sij']>an hie drihtne 
 geh3'rdon ; 
 
 w^ron h3Ta rsedas rice, si))]'an hie rodera waldend 
 
 hdlig heofonrices weard wi|' j'one hearm gescylde.
 
 62 DANIEL. [459-486 
 
 \)Cl ic s6can gefrsegn s6]'um wordura, 
 460 sijjjjan he wundor onget [worden in ofne] 
 
 Babilone(s) weard piirh bryne fyres, 
 
 hfl I'A. hyssas ))iy hdtan ofnes 
 
 f^rgryre fyres oferfareu haefdon, 
 
 wybn |nirliw6don, svvA, him wiht lie scdbd 
 465 grim gleda n!j», godes spelbodan, 
 
 frecnan fyres, ac him frip drihtnes 
 
 wif) jvies egesau gryre aldor gescylde. 
 
 pCi se ]'(^den ongan gepiiiges wyrcan, 
 
 het ]>& tdsomne sine l^de 
 470 and ]'i on |)am me]'le ofer menigo bcbe'ad 
 
 wyrd gewordene and wundor godes, 
 
 paette on ]>km cuihtum gecy'J'ed wses : 
 
 " Ouhicga]) nu hdlige mihte, 
 
 wise wundor godes ! we gesdwou, 
 475 faet h6 wif cwealme gebearh cnihtum on ofne 
 
 l^cende lig, \>tm ])e his lof bt^ron : 
 
 forj'am h6 is ^na ^ce ffihnihtig 
 
 [dugoj'a] drihten, se ]>e him d6m forgeaf, 
 
 spdvvende sped, ]i^m ]'e his spel berajj ; 
 480 forpon witiga]' }nirh wundor mouige 
 
 Mlgum gdstum, j'e his hyld curon. 
 
 CftJ> is, j'set m6 Daniel dyglan swefnes 
 
 s6pe ges^de, J^set i«r swij^e dpstdd 
 
 manegum on mdde mlnra Idbda, 
 485 forj'am sehnihtig e'acenne g^st 
 
 in sefan sende, snyttro crseftas."
 
 487-511] DANIEL. 53 
 
 IV. 
 
 Still, the king is defiant. — His dream and vision of the great 
 tree. — Snmmons his ivise men to interpret. — Daniel 
 summoned. — Interprets the dream as prophetic of the 
 king's fate. — Pride and downfall of the king. — His ref- 
 ormation and re-estahlishment. — Acknowledgment of God. 
 — His pidjlic acts and death. 
 
 SwA, wordum sprrec werodes rjeswa, 
 
 Babilone wea,rd, sij'pau he beacen on get, 
 
 swutol tA,cn godes : 116 ]>y sel dyde, 
 490 ac J)am oej'elinge oferhygd gesce6d, 
 
 wear]) him hyrra hyge and on heortan gepanc 
 
 mdrau mOdsefan, poune gemet w&re, 
 
 6j' ))8et hine mid nyde n3'|)or Asette 
 
 metod sehnihtig, swA he mauegum de]) 
 495 jiAra J'e ])urh oferhyd up Tistige]). 
 
 pA him wear]) on shepe swefen retywed 
 
 Nabochodonossor : him ])8et n6h gewearj) ; 
 
 ])fthte him, ]'oet on foldau faegre st6de 
 
 wudube'am wlitig, se wses wyrtum fsest, 
 500 beorht on bhedum ; uses h6 bearwe gelic, 
 
 ac h6 hlifode t6 heofontunghim, 
 
 swilce h6 oferf0e])mde foldan scelitas, 
 
 ealne middangeard 6J) merestr^amas, 
 
 twignm and telgum, ))^r he t6 geseah : 
 505 ])Ahte him, ] ast se wudube'am wildddbr scilde, 
 
 dne ^te ealhim hdblde, 
 
 swylce fuglas eac heora feorhnere 
 
 on J'ses be'ames bl^dum ndme ; 
 
 ]>thte him, ]'aet engel ufan of roderum 
 510 stigan cw6me and stefne S-belid 
 
 torhtan reorde, het ]'^t tr^w ceorfan
 
 54 DANIEL. [512-546 
 
 and ]'A wil(lA)r on weg ll(5bn 
 
 swylce dac ) Ti fugoltis, )onue his fyll c6me ; 
 
 h6t I'oune besu&dan seolfes bliiudum, 
 515 twigum and telgum and J'oali tAceu wesan, 
 
 wuuian wvrtruman jam wuduljeames 
 
 eorpau fa^stue, 6)> ))ix;t eft cyme 
 
 grene bl6da, ponne god sylle ; 
 
 hC't dac gebindan btOxni ];one miclan 
 520 ijereuum clA,mmum and iseiuiun 
 
 and gesieledne in sAsl d6n, 
 
 j'set bis m6d wite, yxt mihtigra 
 
 wite wealdep, ponne hd him wi|» mst'ge. 
 
 p& of sl^pe onw6c (swefn wses set eude) 
 525 eor]'lic sepeliug : him ]>ves egesa stud 
 
 gryre fram )'am gAste, ];e j^ydev god seude, 
 
 H6t \>&, t^somne sine Idbde, 
 
 folctogan ; fraegn ofer ealle 
 
 swijnndd cyuiug, hwfet )'aet swefeu bude -• 
 530 nalles py he w6nde, pset hie hit wiston, 
 
 ac he cunuode, ht\ hie cwejau woldon. 
 
 pd wses t6 pam d6me Daniel hdten, 
 
 godes spelboda : him wtes gsest geseald 
 
 liAlig of heofonum, se his hyge trymede ; 
 535 on ])am drihteuweard ddbpne wisse 
 
 sefan sidne gej-anc and snytro crseft, 
 
 wlsne wordcwide. Eft h^ wundor manig 
 
 metodes mihta for men aetbaer, 
 
 ]A h6 secgan ongan swefnes w6man 
 540 h^ahheort and hi1e]'en heriges wisa 
 
 ealne ]'one egesan, ])e him ^owed wffis, 
 
 hsed bine Areecan, hwaet sdb rftn bude, 
 
 h6fe hAligu word and in liige funde 
 
 t6 gesecganne s6]mm wordum, 
 545 hwcet se be'am bude, ]'e M bliean geseah, 
 
 and him witgode wyrda ge])ingu.
 
 547-581] DANIEL. 65 
 
 H6 I'd swigode : hw£e])ere sA]) ongeat 
 
 Daniel vet j-ain d6ine, j-ait his drihtcn waes 
 
 guraena aldor wip god scyldig ; 
 550 wandode se wlsa ; hwsej're M worde cwaej) 
 
 Arcrffiftig ill' to pam aej'cliuge : 
 
 " pset is, weredes weard, wundor uulytel, 
 
 )>8et ]>ti gesdwe piirh swefen ciimau 
 
 heofonlieaue beam and ))ii liAlgan word 
 555 yrre and egeslicu, )'d se eugel cwi«)>, 
 
 paet paet trdbw sceolde telgiim besn^ded 
 
 foran dfealla'n, ]'ffit xv fiBste st6d, 
 
 and j!onne mid ddbrum dre'amle'as bdbn, 
 
 wfisten wuuiau and liis wyrtruman 
 5G0 foldan befolen fyrstmeavc wesan 
 
 stille on stapole, swA, sdb stefn gecwae]', 
 
 ymb seofon tida st'ede eft onfdu : 
 
 swS- )'in bl^d li]' ! Swd se be'am gewdbx 
 
 h^ah t6 heofonnm, swCi )>A hailepum eart 
 565 dna eallum eor]>buendum 
 
 weard and wisa : nis ]>e wiperbreca 
 
 man on moldan nymj'e metod itna, 
 
 se fee dceorfe|» of cyningdOme 
 
 and pee winelelisne on wnec sendep 
 570 and ponne onhweorfe]' lieortan pine, 
 
 pset p1\ ne gemyndgast oefter mandr;eme 
 
 ne gewittes wdst butan wild^ra J-eliw, 
 
 ac pft lifgeude lange j)rage 
 
 heorta lilypum geond holt wuuast : 
 575 ne bip pec miel mfite nympe mOres graes 
 
 ne rest witod, ac pec regna scAr 
 
 w6cep and wrecep swd wildu ddbr, 
 
 6p pffit pA ymb seofon winter s6p gelyfest, 
 
 pset sie kn metod eallum mannum 
 580 reccend and rice, se on rodernm is. 
 
 Is m6 swd I'elih willa, pset se wyrtruma
 
 56 DANIEL. [582-616 
 
 stille waes on stajjole, swd s^ stefn gecwse)), 
 
 and ymb seofon tide s&de onfenge : 
 
 swfi j>in lice resteude bi|' 
 585 anwl6h for eorlum, 6]y J'aet ]>fi eft cymst. 
 
 Geliyge ]'ft, fic^a min, fffistlicne rtfed : 
 
 syle jKlinyssan, wes earmra hi A), 
 
 ))inga for );(^due, i=er jnim s^ |a-ali cyme, 
 
 ]>set h6 ]>ec ftweorpe of woruldrice ! 
 590 Oft metod filiut nionige ]'><Sl)de 
 
 [w^an] wyrcan, j^onne hie woldon sylfe 
 
 firene fffistau, ttr him fSiv godes 
 
 j'urh egesan gryre aldr6 gescedde." 
 
 N6 I'ffis fela Daniel t6 his drihtne gesprsec 
 595 sdpra worda jmrh snytro craft, 
 
 J)8et ]'8es k SB rica r^can wolde 
 
 middangeardes weard, ac his m6d ^st^h 
 
 helih fram heortan : h6 ))aes hearde ougeald ! 
 
 Ongan ]ik gyddigan ]'urh gylp micel 
 600 Caldea cyning, ]Ci he ceastre weall, 
 
 Babilone burh, on his blj^de geseah 
 
 Sennera feld sidne bewindan, 
 
 he'ah hlifigan, ])aet se horetyma 
 
 werede geworhte ]mrh wuudor micel 
 605 (wear]) pd dnhydig ofer ealle men 
 
 swi|'m6d on sefan for ]wve sundorgife, 
 
 ])e him god sealde gumena rice 
 
 world t6 gewealde in wera life) : 
 
 " pA eart s^ micle and min sdb msere burh, 
 610 pe ic geworhte t6 wurjunyndum, 
 
 rtlme rice ! ic reste on l^e, 
 
 eard and ^J^el dgan wylle ! " 
 
 ph for ])am gj'lpe gumena drihten 
 
 forfangen wearp and on fle'am gew^t, 
 615 ^na on oferhyd ofer ealle men. 
 
 Swd w6d wera on gewindagum
 
 617-651] DANIEL. 57 
 
 gdbcrostne si\> in godes wite, 
 
 Jjiira I'e eft lifigende Idbde begSte, 
 
 Nabochodonossor, si]'|'an him nt|) godes 
 620 hi'6)) of lieofonum liete gesc^de. 
 
 Seofou winter somod sftsl |>vowode 
 
 wildebra westen winburge cyning. 
 
 pS, se earfo|>m{ecg np 16cade 
 
 wild(^ra gewita purla wolcna gang ; 
 625 gemunde ]'Ci on m6de, pset metod wajre 
 
 heofona lie'jihcyning ha?le])a bearnum 
 
 ^na ece gtlst. pA he eft onhwearf 
 
 w6dan gewittes, J^aes pe h6 a;r wide baer 
 
 herew6san liio;e heortan Q-eteno-e : 
 630 ))^ his gdst ^hwearf in godes gemynd, 
 
 m6d t6 mannum, sipj'an h6 metod onget. 
 
 GewAt I'd earmsceapeu eft sij'ian 
 
 nacod nj^dgenga, nij^gepafa, 
 
 wundorlic wrfecca and w^da leas 
 635 nij'etra on m6dge|'anc t6 mancynne, 
 
 ]'Oune gumena weard in gylpe wffis. 
 
 St6d middangeard oefter mandrihtne, 
 
 eard and e|'el refter ]'am repelinge 
 
 seofon winter samod, swtl n6 swij'rode 
 640 rice under rodermn, 6j' faet.se rjeswa com. 
 
 pd w\Tes eft geseted in aldordom 
 
 Babilone weard, hjefde beteran Jielxw, 
 
 l^litran gele'afan in liffruman, 
 
 })sette god sealde gumena gehwilcuni 
 645 welan swtt wite, swA he wolde sylf. 
 
 Ne lengde ]'A l^da aldor 
 
 witegena wordcwyde, ac h6 wide be'ad 
 
 metodes raihte, ])8es he meld dhte ; 
 
 sipfaet saegde sinum Idbdum, 
 650 wide wdpe, |'e h6 mid wildd^rum titeah, 
 
 6)' ]'£et him frelin godes in gfist becw6in
 
 58 DANIEL. [662-676 
 
 r&dfaest sefa, \>k lit; t6 lodenim beseah. 
 
 Wyrd wffis gewordeu, wuudor gec3')'ed, 
 
 swefii geseped, sdsl riwunneu, 
 655 d6m gedfimed, swd &r Daniel cwsep, 
 
 ]>set se folctoga fiudan sceolde 
 
 earfo])si|)as for his ofermedlau, 
 
 swd he geornlice god spellode 
 
 metodes mihtum for mancynne. 
 660 Sij'pau in IJabilone l)urhsittenduni 
 
 lange hwile Idre sffigde 
 
 Daniel d6mas. Sij'l'an ddbra gesip 
 
 wildra wa^rgenga of wApe cw6m, 
 
 Nabochodonossor of nij)wracum, 
 665 sij5]'an weardode wide rice, 
 
 h^ld hffile];a gestrdbn and )>A, hean burh 
 
 fr6d foremihtig folea ntswa, 
 
 Caldea cyuing, 6]> J)a3t him cwelm gesedbd, 
 
 swd him ofer eorj'an andsaca ne waes 
 670 gmnena lenig, 6)' jia^t him god wolde 
 
 purh hryre hreddau heli rice. 
 
 V. 
 
 Reign of BelsJiazzar. — His doionfcdl and the transfer of the 
 kingdom to the Medes foretold. — Bel shazzar' s feast. — The 
 desecration of the sacred vessels. — Defiance of God. — 
 The mysterious writing on the v:all. — Daniel summoned to 
 interidret. — His ivords to the king. 
 
 Sij'l'an ]>XY his aferan ^ad bryttedon, 
 welan, wunden gold in ];{tre widan byrig, 
 ealhstede eorla unw^clice, 
 675 helih hordmaagen, 1)^ hyra hh^ford Iseg. 
 
 ph in ))j«re J'tfode dwdc his J'set Jn-idde cn^w,
 
 677-711] DANIEL. 59 
 
 waes Baldazar burga alclor, 
 
 w^lcl wera rices, 6|' \yait him wlenco gesc^d, 
 
 oferhyd egle : I'd was ended<Tg, 
 680 I'ffis )>e Caldeas cyningddm dhton, 
 
 Jul metod onlftli INIedum and Persuni 
 
 aldord6mes yiiib litel (see, 
 
 let Babilone bhed swij'iian, 
 
 J'one )»tl hoelc)' healdan sceoldon ; 
 685 wiste li6 ealdormeu iu unrilituin, 
 
 J)d ])e ]'y rice nedan sceoldon. 
 
 pk ]>set geliogode hdmsittende 
 
 Meda aldor, j ret &r man ue ougan, 
 
 ]-set he Babilone Abrecan wolde, 
 690 alhstede eorla, )'ter a^J'clingas 
 
 under wealla hldb welan brytnedon : 
 
 J'aet w£es ])Ara fffistua folcum cfij'ost, 
 
 m^st and mterost, j;dra ].e uieu bftu, 
 
 Babilon burga, Oj'j'set Baldazar 
 695 ))urli gylp grome godes fredsade. 
 
 Sieton him ret wine wealle belocene, 
 
 ne onfigdon nA orlegra nij) 
 
 pe'ali ]'e fifouda folc feran ewome 
 
 herega genedum t6 jiiere healib3'rig, 
 700 |»aet hie Babiloue Abrecan mihton. 
 
 Gesaet ];d to symble sidestan dsegS 
 
 Calde'a cyuing mid cn^omilgum : 
 
 ])8er mediigdl wear]' moegenes wisa, 
 
 heht yti [on i^ht] bcrau Israfila gestrdbii, 
 705 hftslfatu hdlegu on hand werum, 
 
 I'd ^r Caldeas mid cyne])rymm6 
 
 cempau in ceastre clrene gendmon, 
 
 gold in Gerusalem, |;d hie Judda 
 
 bl^d forbnecon billa ecgum 
 710 and Jnirh hl^j^or cyme herige gendmon 
 
 torhte friBtwe, ])d hie tempel strudon.
 
 60 DANIEL. [712-740 
 
 Salomones sold : swijie gulpoii. 
 
 pfi wear)) blij'CiuOd burga aldor, 
 
 gealp gramlice gode on andan, 
 715 cwai]) I'aet bis hergas hyrran w&ron 
 
 and mihtigran maimum t6 frij^e, 
 
 ])onne Israela 6ce di'ihten. 
 
 Him ])ffis tftcen wear]', jwr lie t6 starude 
 
 cgeslic for eorlum innan liealle, 
 720 ))8et M for Idbdum lygeword gecwsep, 
 
 ))t1 ]'j^r in egesan eugel drihtnes 
 
 Idt his liand cuman in ] set hdaseld, 
 
 wr^t yCi in wage worda ger^'nu 
 
 baswe b6cstafas bnrhsitteudmn. 
 725 pd wear)) folctoga forht on mode, 
 
 acul for ])am egesan, geseali M angles hand 
 
 in sele wrltan Sennara wite. 
 
 pset gyddedon gumena moenigeo 
 
 hselef in healle, hwait s^ hand write 
 730 t6 pam belxcne burhsittendum, 
 
 weredfi c6mou on ]^xt wnndor s^n : 
 
 sdhton jnt swipe in sefan gehydum, 
 
 hwset s^ hand write hAliges gdstes. 
 
 Ne mihtou drtedan runcrseftige men 
 735 engles terendbec, sepelinga cyn, 
 
 6]> pset Daniel c6m drihtne gecoreu 
 
 snotor and s6pfjest in pset seld gangan, 
 
 pam waes on gdste godes craeft micel. 
 
 T6 pam ic georne gefraegn gyfmn ceapian 
 740 burge weard, j'ffit h6 him bdcstafas 
 
 4r^dde and drehte, hwset sdb rfin bude. 
 
 Him i^crseftig andswarode 
 
 godes spelboda gl^aw gepances : 
 
 " N6 ic wip feohsceattum ofer folc bere 
 745 drihtnes d6mas, ne ]'6 dugepe can ! 
 
 ac pe uuc^apunga orljeg secge.
 
 747-765] DANIEL. 61 
 
 worda gerynu, ]>Ci ))ft wendun ue miht. 
 
 pt. for aum^dluu in ;tlit ba're 
 
 hftslfatu bAlegu on hand weruni : 
 750 on p&m. g6 ddbflu drincan ongunnon, 
 
 J)4 Sir Israela in x hoefdon 
 
 set godes earce, 6|> \>set lile gyli) beswAc, 
 
 wlndruncen gewit : swd ))6 wurpan sceal ! 
 
 N6 )itet Jiin aldor lyfre wolde 
 755 godes goldfatu in gylp berau 
 
 ne |'3' lira]>or hremde, |'dah ))e here brohte 
 
 Israela gestrA)n in his ;ehte geweald, 
 
 ac ])ait oftor gecwae]' aldor J;^oda 
 
 s6]mm wordum ofer stn niaegen, 
 760 si|>]>au him wuldres weard wundor gecyj'de, 
 
 ])a}t he wiere dna ealra gesceaf ta 
 
 drihten and waldend, se him d6m forgeaf, 
 
 unscyndue bUled eorj^an rices : 
 
 and ]'A Itgnest nu, ])?et sie lifgende, 
 765 se ofer ddbflum duge))um wealde)» ! "
 
 YAEIANTS, BIBLIOGEAPHY, 
 
 AND 
 
 GLOSSARY.
 
 YAEIAETS. 
 
 CONTRACTIONS. 
 
 B., Bouterwek. 
 Diet., Dietrich. 
 Ettm., EttniUller. 
 Gr., Grein. 
 
 J., Junius. 
 
 L., Lye. 
 
 Ms., Manuscript. 
 
 i^i., Sievers. 
 
 T., Thorpe. 
 
 EXODUS. 
 
 LIKE 
 
 4. up-rodor, T. 
 8. werode, Ms. J. 
 15. andsaca, Ms. J. 
 
 17. niago-rseswum, B. 
 
 18. on wist (into the abundance), 
 Ms. J. B. T. 
 
 22. feonda (i-epeated), Ms. J. 
 
 2.3. najgde = huigan (to how),L. 
 
 27. sige rice, T. 
 
 3.3. ingere, Ms. T. (of old), iu 
 gere, B. 
 
 33. witum = wisuni, T. 
 
 30. fele dreamas, B. T. 
 
 40. dryrmde, Ms. B. T., Jrys- 
 myde (ode) (cover), Diet. 
 
 44. lah siK Ms. T. 
 
 45. freond, Ms., feond, T. 
 
 46. heofon (heaven), T. 
 
 49. l^aes = hajt, B. T. ; swa = wlio. 
 55. mago-rsewa, Ms. J. 
 
 57. leod-geard, Gr. 
 
 50. giil'-niyrco (hostile frontier) ,T. 
 01. heald (heold),T., mor-heald 
 
 (marshy), Diet. 
 
 00. aelf-ere,Ms.T., ael-fere(faere), 
 Diet., el-fare, Gr. ; a>t-anes, J. 
 07. niearc-landum, T. 
 68. ge-nyddon, Ms. T. B. 
 70. beorh-hleoho, T. 
 
 78. hate, Ms., hajleh — h£elej>as. 
 
 79. daeg-sceades, L. 
 81. svvegle, Ms. B. T. 
 
 86. Omissions by copyist. 
 93. foran — foron. 
 
 104. lif-weg, Ms. B. T., lift-weg, 
 Diet. 
 
 105. swegl-sihe, Ms. B. T. 
 
 113. scea)>o, Ms. T. 
 
 114. neah(satis), Ettm. 
 
 119. oferclanime, Ms. T. B., 
 fffir-clamme, Diet. ; ge-tweef, Ms. 
 
 121. bell egsan (crij of terror), Ms. 
 Diet. T., bael egsan, B. 
 
 122. in Kara, B. T. 
 
 120. rihte, Ms. 
 
 127. sweoton, Ms. 
 
 128. leo, for lend, Ms. 
 131. beton, B. T.
 
 66 
 
 VARIANTS. 
 
 LINE 
 
 134. >au, Ms. 
 
 139. on nit'd, Ms. B. T. 
 
 141. Ms. here defective. 
 
 142. he, omitted B. T, 
 
 145. an-t\vig {(ihout a rod), Ms. 
 T., an-vvig, Diet. 
 
 157. ofer holt (over theholt), Ms.T. 
 
 158. follows 100, Ms. B. T. 
 
 161. hwreopon, Ms. T., hreopan, 
 St.; on w;«l, Diet. 
 
 162. hrffifeu gul, omitted B. T. 
 166. glides gifre, B.; beodan — 
 
 bidon (^awaited), Gr. 
 
 107. ful (fowl), Ms. B. T. 
 
 169. ge-hffiged (hemmed in), B. 
 T.; ge-hnseged (subdued), Diet. 
 
 172. segn-cyning, Ms. 
 
 176. hwcel, T. 
 
 178. freond on-sigon, Ms. B. T. 
 
 179. eagan, T. 
 
 181. heora-wulfas, Ms., here-w-, 
 T. B. 
 
 184. tirea-digra, B. 
 
 186. on ham eor)? (eard)rice, T. 
 
 190. inge(ginge) men, Diet. 
 
 191. cujj eft ge-bad, B., (oft-)ge- 
 bad (awaited), Ms. T. 
 
 194. ec an-lseddon (also, led on), 
 B. T. L. 
 
 199. br6}>ra, T. 
 204. wlence, Gr. 
 
 206. ge-lade (way), T. B. Diet. 
 
 207. ge-scebn, Diet. 
 216. bunum, T. 
 222. burgum, Ms. 
 
 226. rofra, Gr. 
 
 227. aij^elan, B. T. 
 233. wac, Ms. B. T. 
 
 239. sweor(5rne/'),Gr.,swor(sar), 
 T. 
 
 242-43. git, T. ; wigan, T. 
 
 246. ge-gan mihte, not in B. T. 
 
 249. beorht6st,Si.; bidon=buton, 
 Ms., bugon, B., bufon, T. 
 
 LINE 
 
 253. beo-liata (surctij), Ms. Diet. 
 T. B. 
 
 255. ge-hyrden. 
 
 204. muten. 
 
 205. egian, Ms., a?glian (torment). 
 Diet. 
 
 271. bidden. 
 
 277. K'od, Ms., |)eoden, T. 
 281. tacne, Ms. B. T. 
 283. waitcren. Diet. ; and, omitted 
 T., = for, Gr. 
 
 285. J^a = hser, T. 
 
 287. fage (variegated), Ms. B. T. 
 
 288. in ece (throucjh etemitij), T. 
 
 289. sealte, T., sa;l)>e, Diet. 
 
 290. bring, Ms. T. 
 
 291. span (join), Ms. Ettm. T., 
 a-spaw, B. 
 
 296. rejje, Diet. 
 
 298. wrseclicu (foreign), J. 
 
 305. yj'a weall, not in B. T. 
 
 307. hie, B., hi, T.; ge-hyrden, 
 Ms. 
 
 309. sances, Ms. B. T. ; bland = 
 blan (ceased), T. 
 
 313. anon orette, Ms. T., =onette, 
 T. 
 
 321. leor, Ms, T. 
 
 326. J>raca, Ms. T. 
 
 333. sffi-wicengas, B. T. 
 
 339. gearu, Ms. T. 
 
 340. forb, omitted T. 
 343. guj>-cyste, Ms. 
 
 345. begong, not in T., be-gin, B, 
 350. for, omitted B. T. ; folcum, 
 T. J. ; wolcnum, G. 
 
 302. nil-e-flodas (dire foods), T. 
 304. dren-floda, Ms. 
 369. falden (concealed). Diet. 
 374. sffi-lida, T. 
 
 384. ge-lirde, J. 
 
 385. stigan, T. 
 302. allin, Ms. J. 
 396. ge-worhton.
 
 VARIANTS. 
 
 67 
 
 LINE 
 
 405. to lafe, Ms. 
 
 411. eaferan, B. T. 
 
 412. eagum (cfguni), T. 
 
 413. god, Ms. B. T. 
 424. aldre, B. T. 
 
 428. sciattas, Ms.; msegen. 
 
 4ol. ne, Ms., for ho, J. 
 
 483. weard, omitted B. T. 
 
 43G. yldo, Ms. B. T. 
 
 441. sund, Ms. J. 
 
 443. inca J'eodc, Ms. T., incre 
 
 }>eode, B. 
 
 453. blU'C (bleahe), T. 
 
 454. ge-nap (cloud), Ms. T. 
 456. be-hindan, Ms. 
 
 465. eyre, Ms. 
 
 466. sics ajt ende, Ms. B. T. 
 
 469. ncre {refuge), L., nep (neap) 
 (haste), Gr., nef, T. 
 
 470. barenoden (laid bare), Ms. 
 B. T. 
 
 471. on, omitted T. B. 
 
 475. filli (hostile) w;bs se g^st, B., 
 fall (fleah) fjege gsst (spirit of 
 death), T. 
 
 487. elpend, Gr., helpendran, T. 
 
 490. steap, T. L. 
 
 491. witod (appointed), T., wit-rod 
 (rad) (magic). Diet. 
 
 498. on bOguni, Ms. B. T. 
 
 499. mode-wsega (proud waves), 
 Ms. B. T. 
 
 LINE 
 
 500. ge-drecte, Ms. J. 
 
 501. on-feond, Ms. J., on-fand, T. 
 
 502. grund, not in B. T. 
 
 503. ha?t wa-s, Ms. B. T. 
 
 504. huru (yet), B., lieoro, T., 
 (heora). 
 
 513. spildc, not in B. T. 
 
 514. he for he, T. 
 516. moyse, Ms. J. 
 518. nemned, T. 
 
 524. gin ftcsten (widely powerful), 
 T. 
 
 525. ge-regenod (prepared), 
 Diet. B. 
 
 529. metodes, B. T. 
 
 531. lyst, B., = lif, T. 
 
 532. a-wyrded (spoiled), Diet., 
 wirecum, Si. 
 
 534. healdeK Ms. B. T. 
 
 539. eftwyrd (afterward), T. 
 
 545. is, omitted B. T. 
 
 555. ufon, Ms. B. T. 
 
 569. ge-feon, Ms. B. 
 
 570. hit = hie, T. 
 
 573. herge, omitted T., hild- 
 frunium, B. 
 
 585. madmas, Ms. B. T. 
 
 586-87. scco(d), Ms. B. T., 
 = sceode (divided), sceo-gold, L. 
 
 589. m&, Ms. 
 
 DANIEL. 
 
 19. an-forleton (abandoned), T. 
 
 22. K'ge driht, Ms. J. ; hweorfan 
 for-lifgan, T. B. 
 
 29. me for hie, Ms. J. 
 
 34. K'odne, T., l^am he, T. 
 
 35. wishe, Ms. J., wisode, B. 
 37. dugoH dyrust, Ms. B. T. 
 
 38. herepo)5, Ms. 
 
 41. to })sere, T. 
 
 53. het, after faran, T. 
 
 55. jjser supplied, Gr. 
 
 56. lufan — lufon (leofan), T. 
 
 57. ha eac, Ms. B. T. 
 61. ge-streono, Ettm.
 
 68 
 
 VARIANTS. 
 
 06. fca, Ms. T. 15., fuo(li), Ettm. ; 
 freos = freogas, (Jr. 
 
 71. denia, Si. 
 
 73. otor (/(•(V/(o«/),Ms.'r.,fiton,B. 
 
 77. leode, Ms. B. 
 
 84. niihtcn. 
 
 88. froan, T. B., irx-g, Gr. 
 
 90. in god saede (^ofyood race), T., 
 {/ear of Cod), Diet. 
 " 97. cylnlon, Ms. T. 
 
 101. difide = didon (T.) 
 
 118. wunia, Ms. T. 
 
 119. was = waif (contrived), Gr. 
 189. aefter, Ms. T. 
 
 141. ne ge, Ms. 
 
 148. sseden. 
 
 ] 52. ha^s for waes, Ms. J. 
 
 100. vvyrda (fates), T. B. 
 
 170. wuh, Ms. 
 
 173. burh-weardas, B. T. 
 
 176. forHni j^e, T. 
 
 177. rilit, Ms. 
 
 189. H \>e for hie, T. 
 
 191. rterdon, B. T., (rarden). 
 
 192. on herige, Ms.T.; byrigc, D. 
 195. ailinilitigne, T. 
 
 197. gyld, Ms. B. T. 
 
 200. bote, Ms. 
 
 202. ge-b£edan (persuade), T. 
 
 205. w^ron, Ms. T. B. 
 
 206. hearan (proud), Ms. B. T. 
 
 207. hegan, Ms. J., heanian, B., 
 hergan = heran. 
 
 214. woldon, T. B., (wolden). 
 216. gylde, B. 
 
 219-20. ge-lseston, T., ge-lsesten, 
 B., (a-wacoden). 
 
 221. (ne J^an) msegen liwyrfe 
 (high course), T., (liwyrfen). 
 
 222. (wilneden). 
 
 227. ge-lifided, Ms. T. B. 
 232. genge, T. R. 
 
 234. fyr-liges, T. 
 
 235. weard (treasure), Gr. 
 
 LINE 
 
 236. haliga, T. 
 
 240. ne . . . nb-fa!sten, not in B.T. 
 
 247. on-steaile, Ms., on-steallan 
 (erect), T., on-stellan, B. 
 
 255. on teso (to destruction), Gr. 
 
 263. gange (course), Ms. T. B. 
 
 265. K'li, Ms. 
 
 200. fyr fyr-scyde, Ms. J. ; fyr- 
 sian (reniore). Diet. 
 
 267. haigan,B., (iiwurfon) (cnili- 
 tum). 
 
 268. l'al>e,Ms. B.; ge-fsegon,T.B. 
 277. deaw-drcpan, B., deaw-drias 
 
 (dripas), Ms. T. 
 
 287. dseda for daga, Codex, Ex. 
 (sindon). 
 
 289. Interpolated line. 
 
 294. hrua-nj'dum, T., J>earfum, 
 Codex, Ex. 
 
 296. be-legde, T. 
 
 297. dydon, T. 
 
 299. burh-sittendum, Ms. J. 
 301. (sindon). 
 
 305. I'a us ec, Ms. T. 
 
 306. aiht-ge-wcalde, B. 
 
 311. linigat' (incline), T. B. L.; 
 hligah (invite), Gr. 
 317. frum-cyn, Ms. 
 
 321. had, B., ge-hat (promise), Gr. 
 
 322. o\> brim-fludas (sea), B. 
 324. ear-grynde, B., geond ear- 
 
 grund (sea-bottom). Codex, Ex., me 
 are gryndeh>, Ms. T. ; un-rima (in- 
 finite), Ms. T. 
 
 328. hffit \>k, T. 
 
 343. leoma(n), B. T. ; liges, B. 
 
 348. hit, not in Codex, Ex. 
 
 364. vvoruld sceafta wuldor, Co- 
 dex, Ex. 
 
 366. rihtne, T. 
 
 372-73. (domigen) (lofigen). 
 
 377. (herigen). 
 
 379. folcen farv (heaven's course), 
 T. 
 
 I
 
 
 
 VARIANTS. 
 
 LINE 
 
 
 
 LINE 
 
 381. 
 
 (blestigen) (bletsiger 
 
 )• 
 
 554. 
 
 393. 
 
 l>inne (hyra), T. 
 
 
 562. 
 
 404. 
 
 wurhah, B. 
 
 
 563. 
 
 407. 
 
 ge-wurt>a)>, Ms. J., ferh{>(e), 
 
 575. 
 
 B. T. 
 
 
 
 582. 
 
 410. 
 
 ealde, B. T. 
 
 
 ^ 591. 
 
 413. 
 
 syndon, T. 
 
 
 600. 
 
 416. 
 
 selfa, B. T. 
 
 
 603. 
 
 422. 
 
 gsedelinge, B. 
 
 
 609. 
 
 429. 
 
 nis hit, B. 
 
 
 616. 
 
 435. 
 
 benne, T., (bendas). 
 
 
 swa he, 
 
 442. 
 
 hCanne, Ms. 
 
 
 618. 
 
 446. 
 
 stcpton (exalted), B. T.; 
 
 623. 
 
 hine, T. 
 
 
 628. 
 
 451. 
 
 se, B. T. 
 
 
 633. 
 
 454. 
 
 rahte (reahte), Diet., 
 
 (haef- 
 
 658. 
 
 den). 
 
 
 
 695. 
 
 465. 
 
 nij> ac godes, Ms. 
 
 
 {tempt). 
 
 480. 
 
 monig, B. T. 
 
 
 710. 
 
 497. 
 
 him ge-lic, T. 
 
 
 718. 
 
 500. 
 
 he = him, T. 
 
 
 740. 
 
 508. 
 
 naman, T., (namen). 
 
 
 748. 
 
 518. 
 
 wille, T. 
 
 
 756. 
 
 538. 
 
 mihte, B., mihtum, T 
 
 
 
 69 
 
 heanne, B. T. 
 and ymb, T. 
 bih, T., lit> = ligej>, Gr. 
 niBel-mete, T. 
 wsere, T. 
 
 wean and, omitted in T. 
 weold, B. T. 
 heah (burh), B. T. 
 earh, Ms. T. 
 
 w6J> = \\k\> {wuij), B. T. ; 
 Gr. 
 
 be-rehte, T. 
 locode, T. 
 ^aes ^e, B. 
 
 ge-hafian, B., -^olian, T. 
 ofstlice, B., god-spellode, Gr. 
 frea siede, T., frasade 
 
 Diet, 
 hleohor-cwyde (propIt€Ci/),T. 
 \>3et, T. 
 
 burh-ge-weordas, B. T 
 here for bsere, B. T. 
 ne = he, T.
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 A. EDITIONS. 
 
 1655. C(tdmonis Monachi Parapkrasis Poetica Genesios ac praecipu- 
 arum Sacne paginoi Historiarum, ahhinc annos M. LX.X. Anqlo- Saxonice 
 conscripta, et nunc primum edita a Francisco Junto, MDCLV. This 
 edition is in the old forms, without translation or comment. It is very 
 valuable, however, in being the first authentic edition. It was printed 
 at Amsterdam. The original Ms. on which it is based was found in 
 the seventeenth century by Usher^ through whom it came to Junius. 
 The Ms. was given by Junius to the Bodleian Library, at Oxford, 
 where it is still preserved. It is a small folio of 229 pages. The 
 remaining 17 pages (Book II.) are imperfect in style and transcription. 
 
 1832. Ccednion's Metriccd Paraphrase of Paiis of the Holy Scriptures, 
 in Anglo- Saxon. By Benjamin Thorpe, London. This ranks as the 
 first Anglo-Saxon publication of the Society of Antiquaries in London. 
 The text is given in the old forms and is translated into English. It 
 has preface, notes, and a valuable verbal index. 
 
 1851-54. Ccedmon's des Angelsachsen biblische Dichtungen. By K. W. 
 Bouterwek. Elberfeld and London. This edition is an exhaustive one. 
 After a scholarly introduction, there follow the text with critical 
 notes ; the translation into German Prose, and the Glossary, in Saxon 
 and Latin. It closes with an Anglo-Latin verbal index, and an index 
 of selected Anglo-Saxon words. 
 
 1857. Ausgabe von Chr. Grein in seiner : Bibliothek der Angelsdchsi- 
 schen Poesie. Gottingen. This edition of our oldest poetry, including 
 Caedmon, has valuable notes and an invaluable Glossary. 
 
 Wiilker's promised complete revision of Grein, part of which has 
 appeared (1883), will be awaited with scholarly interest. 
 
 JB. TRANSLATIONS. 
 
 1832. In Thorpe's edition, already mentioned, the translation is in 
 English Verse.
 
 72 BllJLIOGllAI'HY. 
 
 1851-54. In Boutcrwck's edition, as mentioned, tliis translation is in 
 German Prose. 
 
 1852-54. Cd-'dmun's Sclio/>fu)i(/ unci Abfull dcr biiscn Etujel . By J. P. 
 E. Greverus. Oldenburg. This, also, is in German Prose. 
 
 1857. In Grein's Dichtungoi dcr Angelsachsen, is found a, translation in 
 German verse, alliterative in character. Giittingen. 
 
 1860. The Fall of Man or Paradise Lost of Qcdmon. By W. H. F. 
 Bosanquet. London. This is a free rendering in English heroic verse 
 of a portion of Genesis. 
 
 There is an introduction on Cfedmon's Versification. 
 
 C. MISCELLANEOUS AUTHORITIES. 
 
 Watson's Co'dmon, the first English Poet. 
 
 Turner's History of the Anglo-Saxons. 
 
 Conybeare's Illustrations of A. S- Poetry (1826). 
 
 Wright's Biographica Britannica Literaria. Vol. I., 1850. 
 
 Ettmiiller's Scopas and Boceras (Engla and Seaxna) . 
 
 Ettmiiller's Handhuch der deutechen Litteraturgeschichte. 1847. 
 
 Taine's History of English Literature. 
 
 Morley's English Writers. Vol. II. 
 
 Hammerich's Alteste christUche Epik. 1874 (translated). 
 
 Grein's Angel sdc.hsische Gramrnatik. 1880. 
 
 Ten-Brink's Early English Literature (to Wiclif). 
 
 Bouterwek's Ccedmon (Introduction). 
 
 Brother Azarias' Development of English Literature. 
 
 Longfellow's Poets and Poetry of Europe. 1838. 
 
 G. P. Marsh's Origin and History of the English language. 
 
 Bouterwek's Ueber dedmon. Elberfeld, 1845. 
 
 Sievers' Collutionen, in Haupt's Zeitschrift. Bd. 15. 
 
 Dietrich's Tertverbesserungen : Zu Cajdmon, in Haupt's Zeitschrift. 
 Bd. 10. 
 
 Pfeiffer's Germania. Bd. 10. 
 
 Sandras' De Carminibus Anglo- Saxonicis Ccedmoni. Paris, 1859. 
 
 Balg's Der Dichter Cadmon. Bonn, 1882. 
 
 Gotzinger's Ueber die Dichlungen. Gottingen, 1860. 
 
 Bede's Histor. cedes, gentis Anglorum. Lib. IV., cap. 24. Holder's 
 edition. 1882. 
 
 Strobl's Exodus, in Pfeiffer's Germania. XX. 
 
 Ebert's Exodus, in Anglia. Bd. V.
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 73 
 
 Kerable's Bihliotheca Anglo-Sax. 1837. 
 
 Anglia, X. Band. 1 Heft. (1887), pp. 157-167. 
 
 In other authors, as Zupitza, Grimm (J), Groschopp, and in other 
 periodicals, as Englische Studien, Zeitscrift fur deutsche Philologie, 
 etc., helpful material on Cajdmon and related topics may be found. 
 The above Bibliography, given, in the main, in Wiilker's Grundriss, is 
 meant to be but partial, the more exhaustive collation being left to tlie 
 editor of Genesis.
 
 CONTRACTIONS. 
 
 B., Beowulf. 
 
 D., Daniel. 
 
 Ex., Exodus. 
 
 f., feminine. 
 
 lu., masculine. 
 
 M., March (figures after M. refer to 
 
 M.'s Grammar). 
 n., neuter. 
 
 pret.-pres., preterite-present. 
 
 S., Sweet. 
 
 St., strong. 
 
 St. v., strong verb. 
 
 w., with. 
 
 wk., weak. 
 
 wk. v., weak verb. 
 
 Other contractions will be easily understood by the student.
 
 GLOSSAEY.* 
 
 The genitive singular and the gender of each noun are given, as, also, the chief 
 parts of each verb. Sweet's classification of strong and of weak verbs, as found in 
 the last edition of his Reader, is given; also, that of March. The order of words is 
 strictly alphabetical. Any omission of words or definitions or chief parts of irregular 
 verbs may be supplied by a reference to Harrison and Baskervill's Dictionary. 
 
 A. 
 
 a, adv., ever, alvmi/s, forever, D. 
 189, 324, 596. 
 
 a-bannau, ben, bannen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to order, summon, 
 proclaim, call out or aioay. a- 
 ban Ki ha beoruas, D. 428. 
 
 S.-bebdan, bead, boden, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to order, command, 
 announce, offer, stefue a-bead, 
 D. 510. 
 
 Abraham, -es, st. m., Abraham. 
 sunuin Abrahames (Israelites), 
 Ex. 18, 273, 379, etc. 
 
 a-brecan, bra^c, brocen, st. v., 
 S. 4, M. 1, to break, break open, 
 conquer, take by storm, destroy. 
 haefde . . . a-brocene, Ex. 39 ; 
 a-broceu lia;fdon, D. G3, 689, 
 700. 
 
 a-bredan, br^d, brOden, (bre- 
 den), St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to swiny, 
 draw, remove, icithdraw, draw 
 back, ^ow is lar godes a-bro- 
 den of bre'cstum, Ex. 269. 
 
 a-bregdan, braegd, brogden, 
 
 (bregden), see a-bredan. 
 a-breotan, breat, broten, st. v., 
 
 S. 7, M. 3, to break, break to 
 pieces, destroy, kill, billum a- 
 breotan, Ex. 199. 
 
 a-brocen, see a-brecan. 
 
 a-br6den, see a-bredan. 
 
 ac, coiij., but, but yet, hut also. 
 Ex. 415, 456, 488, etc. ; D. 107, 
 118, 170, etc. 
 
 a-ceorfan, cearf, corfen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to cut, cut off, hew, 
 separate. 
 
 acl, adj., clear, sounding, soriorous, 
 Ex. 578. 
 
 acol, adj., timid, affrighted, ex- 
 cited by fear, D. 124; acul, D. 
 726. 
 
 a-CT*^eJ»an, cwaej>, cweden, st. v., 
 S. 5, M. 1, to speak out, say out, 
 say. \>a, word a-cwffi)>, D. 283. 
 
 ad-fyr, -es, st. n.,Jire of the fune- 
 ral pile, fire of sacrifice, ad-fyr 
 on-bran, Ex. 398. 
 
 a-dranc, see a-drincan. 
 
 * For the reading of the Glossary, hoth in Ms. and proof, the editor 
 is greatly obliged to Professor J. M. Garnett, of the University of Virginia, 
 and to Charles W. Kent, Pli.D., of the University of Virginia, for valuable 
 aid iu the accentuation of the Glossary.
 
 76 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 si-drencan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. G, to droion, submerge. 
 maBgen wacs a-drenced, Ex. 
 458. 
 a-drincan, dranc, druncen, st. 
 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to be drowned, 
 immersed, quenched. lig-fyr 
 admiic, Ex. 77. 
 
 Adzarias, -as, st. m., Azariah, 
 D. 91. 
 
 &i, St. f., indec.,7ato, right, reli- 
 gious rite(s), D. 106, 219. 
 
 ^-craeft, -es, st. m., skill in the 
 laic, knowledge of the law, reli- 
 gious observance (s). Me (Is- 
 rael) 8e-cra)ftas ane for-leton, 
 D. 19. 
 
 &-craeftig, adj., skilled in the law, 
 wise, D. 742. 
 
 ^-faest, adj., observant of the law, 
 devout, pious. iie-fa?ste cnihtas, 
 D. 89, 248, 272, etc. 
 
 ^fen, -es, st. n., even, evening. 
 Eefena ge-hwam = every evening, 
 Ex. 108. 
 
 fefen-lebj?, -es, st. n., an evening 
 song, atol sefeu-lebj', Ex. 1G5, 
 201. 
 
 sef-last, -es, st. m., a wandering 
 from the icay, departure, sef- 
 lastum ge-wuna = won^ to wan- 
 der(?), Ex. 473. 
 
 &fre, adv., ever, alvmys, D. 139. 
 
 aefter, prep. av. dat., (a) local, 
 after, over, along, among, through, 
 throughout. sefter . . . flod- 
 wege — along theflood-ioay, Ex. 
 106 ; sefter beorgum = alo7ig or 
 over the slopies, Ex. 132, 212 ; 
 laj' aif ter laKim, Ex. 195. So Ex. 
 331, 340, 347, 350, etc.; ajfter 
 foldan = over the earth, Ex. 396 ; 
 sefter burgum = throiigh the 
 cities, Ex. 510. 
 
 (h) temporal, after, during, 
 throughout, Ex. 5, 109, 299, 564, 
 D. 78. 
 
 ■(c) causal, after, about, on ac- 
 count of, in consequence of, for 
 the purpose of. ajf ter ma}>mum = 
 according to treasures, Ex. 143. 
 w. ace. = after, according to, 
 D. 456, 571, 637, etc. 
 
 aefter, adv., after, afterward, then, 
 thereupon, word £Bfter spraec, 
 Ex. 417, D. 186. 
 
 &g-hwa, adj. pro. indef., every 
 one, everything, seg-hwajs = at 
 all, quite, altogether, D. 107. 
 
 &g-hw^l>er, indef. pro., each, 
 each (of two), either, both, M. 
 136, 5 (b). j^ara seg-hwael^er = 
 each of which, Ex. 95. 
 
 &g-hwilc, indef . pro., every, every 
 one, each one, whosoever, Ex. 
 188. cu|>e seg-hwilc = e«c^ o?ie 
 knew, Ex. 351. 
 
 ftg-hwylc, see &g-hwilc. 
 
 aegiiian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to vex, frighten, disquiet, tor- 
 ment. a3gnian mid yrmjjuni, 
 Ex. 265. 
 
 S&Yit, -e, St. f., property, posses- 
 sion(s), riches, poicer. in seht 
 f or-geaf = gave into (his) pos- 
 session, Ex. 11, D. 34, 43, 67, 
 704, etc. 
 
 ael-beorht, adj., very bright, all- 
 glorious, shining, D. 337. 
 
 seled, -es, st. m., fire, fire-brand, 
 burning, D. 243. 
 
 sel-fser, -e, st. f., the whole army, 
 army, mid ?el-fere, Ex. 66. 
 
 ael-fer, see ael-fser. 
 
 ael-meahtig, see ael-mihtig. 
 
 ael-messe, see ael-mysse. 
 
 ael-niilitig, adj., almighty, D. 274, 
 368, etc.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 77 
 
 ael-mysse, -an, wk. f., alms, alms- 
 (jiviiifj, benefit, D. 587. 
 
 &aig, indef. pron., any, any one, 
 a simjle one. J>ebda iienigre = 
 any nation, Ex. 320, 455, 508 ; 
 giimena Eeuig= an?/ man, D. G70. 
 
 &r, adv., ere, earlier, before, soon- 
 er, early, Ex. 28, 138. \>&v &v 
 = iohere be/are, Ex. 457. Also, 
 prep, xr glade = before sunset, 
 Ex. 293(?) ; ser-J^on = before that, 
 D. 35, 116. 
 
 *r-daeg, -es, st. m., dawn, early 
 day, morn, to ham ^r-d8ege = 
 at dawn, Ex. 198. 
 
 SbT-deky, -es, st. m., early death, 
 Ex. 539. 
 
 &ren, adj., brazen, made of brass, 
 Ex. 216, D. 520. 
 
 ^rende, -es, st. m., message, tid- 
 ings, business, (errand), de^op 
 serende = an important message, 
 Ex. 518. 
 
 &rest, adj. and adv., sup. of &r, 
 first, erst, at first, before all, D. 
 133, 185, 
 
 *rend, -b5c, -e, st. f.,a message, 
 letter, D. 735. 
 
 ^r-glaed, adj., gleaming in brazen 
 arms, shining, Ex. 293(?). 
 
 &rost, sup. of ser, see serest. 
 
 set, -es, St. m., food, meat, setes 
 on weuau = in hope of food, Ex. 
 165. 
 
 aet, prep. w. dat., (rt) local, at, 
 near, by, on, in, unth, upon, as 
 to. landes set ende, Ex. 128, 
 466. 
 
 (b) temporal, at, at the time 
 of, during, near, in, to. aet si- 
 hestan = at last, D. 31 ; set 
 f rj'm^e = i?i the beginning, at 
 first, D. 35; tvt middere mht = 
 at midnight , Ex. 37 ; set ende = 
 
 at an end, Ex. 267 ; ict win-^ege, 
 D. 17. 
 
 w. ace. = to, up to, into, as 
 far as, as to. 
 aet-boran, bier, boren, st. v., S. 
 
 4, M. 1, to bring to, carry to, 
 produce, bear aioay, show, D. 
 538. 
 
 aet-gaedere, adv., together, at the 
 
 same time, Ex. 190, 214, etc. 
 aet-niman, nam, numen, st. v., 
 
 5, 4, M. 1, to take from, take 
 avmy from, deprive, ne wolde 
 Mm . . . beam cet-niman, Ex. 
 414. 
 
 aet-ywan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to disclose, show, announce, 
 appear. 
 
 .^J»an, -es, st., Etham, Ex. 66. 
 
 8eJ>ele, adj., noble, illustrious, Ex. 
 186. aj)5eles cynnes = of noble 
 race, Ex. 227, D. 89, 193. 
 
 aejjellng, -es, st. n., nobleman, 
 chief, prince, man, {God), D. 
 525, 551, etc. 
 
 aejjelo, st. f. and n. plu., rank, 
 nobility, family, noble descend- 
 ants, Ex. 339, 353. 
 
 8eJ»elu, see aejjelo. 
 
 a-faeran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to terrify, frighten, make to 
 fear, folc wais a-fsered, Ex. 
 446. 
 
 a-faestnlan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to fasten, bind, fix on or 
 upon, strengthen, Ex. 85. sear- 
 wum a-faestnod, D. 40. 
 
 a-faran, for, faren, st. v., S. 2, 
 M. 4, to go forth, go away, de- 
 pjart, remove, ut a-forou, D. 6. 
 
 a-feallan, fe^ol, feallon, st. v., S. 
 1. M. 5. to fall, fall down, make 
 to fall, kill, f oran a-f eallan, D. 
 557.
 
 78 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 afera, -an, wk. ni., son, descend- 
 ant, successor, = (e)afora, Ex. 
 411. 
 
 Afrisc, adj., African, of Africa, 
 Ex. 579. 
 
 after, see sefter. 
 
 agan, ahte, pret. pres., to own, 
 have, possess, Ex. 317. se be 
 sped ahte, Ex. 513, D. 62, 612, 
 f>80, etc. 
 
 a,-gangan, geng, gangen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to 2)ass by, pass over, 
 happen, befall, go forth, on wite 
 a-gangen, D. 270. 
 
 agen, adj., own, peculiar, ptroper, 
 Ex. 418. 
 
 agend, -es, st. m., part., master, 
 lord, owner, Ex. 295. 
 
 a-gifan, geaf, (gaef), gifen, st. 
 v., S. 5, M. 1, to (jive back, re- 
 store, deliver, give up, imptart, 
 lose, a-gfef him . . . lafe, D. 453. 
 
 a-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. I, to bring to nought, destroy, 
 put out, overturn, (mere-de'a^) 
 . . . a-geat gylp ^^era= brought 
 to nought their boasting, Ex. 514. 
 
 ag-lac, -es, St. m. and n., grief, 
 misery, torment, bitter hate, mis- 
 fortune, fighting, D. 238. 
 
 ag-l^c, see ag-lac. 
 
 a-hafeii, see a-hebban. 
 
 a-hebban, hof, hafen, st. v., S. 
 2, M. 4, to heave tip, raise, exalt, 
 erect, bord up a-hof, Ex. 253, 
 581, etc. 
 
 a-hicgan, hogode (ade), od, wk. 
 v., S. 1, M. 6, to think out, de- 
 vise, search, invent, D. 130, 147. 
 
 a-hleapan, hle'bp, hlelipen, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to leap uji, spring 
 up, jtimp, exalt, a-hlebp . . . 
 hilde-calla = the tear -herald 
 sprang up, Ex. 252. 
 
 a-hle'bp, see a-hlelipan. 
 a-hof, see ri-licbban. 
 a-hweorfan, hvvearf, hworfen, 
 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to turn aside, 
 away from, to turn, move, D. 
 630, etc. 
 
 a-hycgan, see a-hicgan. 
 
 a-hydan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to hide away, conceal, hide. 
 heolstor a-hydan, Ex. 115. 
 
 a-l&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to lead forth, lend, come forth, 
 produce, fit a-liedde, Ex. 187. 
 
 a-l&tan, let, l^ten, st. v., S. 1, 
 M. 5, to permit, endure, allow, 
 pardon, give up, free, D, 263, 
 etc. 
 
 aid, adj., old, of yore, ancient, 
 aged, Ex. 33, 285 ; as noun, 
 ealde, Ex. 359 ; as comp. yldra 
 = elder, Ex. 141, 403, etc. 
 
 aldor, -es, st. m., chief, master, 
 lord, prince, (elder) ; pi. ances- 
 tors, le^oda aldor, Ex. 12 ; we- 
 rodes aldor, Ex. 31, 270, D. 467, 
 549, etc. 
 
 aldor, -es, st. u., life, age, old age, 
 time, ~D. 450. awa to ealdre = 
 forever, Ex. 424. 
 
 aldor-d6ni, -es, st. m., power, 
 sovereignty, dominion, Ex. 317, 
 335, D. 641, 682, etc. 
 
 aldor-fre'a, -an, wk. m., king, 
 chief, lord, D. 46. 
 
 aldor-lagu, -e, st. f., fate, ap- 
 pointed time, life's destiny, death. 
 dat. aldor-lege, D. 139. 
 
 a-lesan, laes, lesen, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to choose, select, pick out. 
 haefde . . . aleseu, Ex. 183; 
 wa;s . . . aleseu, Ex. 228. 
 
 alh, -es, st. m., hall, ])alace, 
 shrine, temple, alh haligue, Ex. 
 392.
 
 GLOSSAKY. 
 
 79 
 
 alh-stede, -es, st. m., a hall-place, 
 palace, D. 090. 
 
 all, see call. As uoun, D. 62. 
 al-wal(la, -an, wk. m. ; also adj., 
 almifjlittj , almirjhty one, all-rul- 
 imj (God). See al-\vakla, Ex. 
 ll". 
 
 al-wihte, st. f. plu., all things, 
 creation, Ex. 420. mctod al- 
 wilita = disposer of all, God, 
 D. U. 
 
 a-lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 (J, to allow, grant, concede, leave. 
 a-lyfed . . . li^ode = it was per- 
 mitted the people, Ex. 44, 532. 
 
 a-lysan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to ransom, release, se hie 
 . . . a-lysde = v)ho them released, 
 D. 452. 
 
 an, uum. adj., one, the one, a cer- 
 tain one, single, alone, only, 
 each, every, aues modes = o/ 
 one mind, Ex. 305 ; au (ou- 
 orette) = aZo?ie,Ex. 313; lie aua 
 = he alone, Ex. 439 ; an (wTsode) 
 = a certain one, Ex. 348; aura 
 ge-h wile = eacA one, Ex. 187, 
 227; an . . . o\>e:v = the one, the 
 other, D. 91; ane for-leton = 
 left alone, forsook, D. 19. 
 
 Ananias, st. m., Hananiah, D.91. 
 
 an-bid, -es, st. n., delay, waiting, 
 hope, expectation, Ex. 533. 
 
 and, conj., and, Ex. 1, 10, 13, 19, 
 etc., D. 6, 60, 89, etc.; prep., 
 with, over, against, on, into, for, 
 before, and weal-fsesten = into 
 or for a roall(?) , Ex. 283. Also, 
 as a prefix, and-saca, Ex. 15. 
 
 anda, -an, v/k. m., anger, envy, 
 hate, D. 344, 714. 
 
 an-daege, adj., /or one day, daily. 
 au-d»gne fyrst, Ex. 304, M. 
 295 (a). I 
 
 and-saca, -an, wk. m., adver- 
 sary, enemy, denier, apostate. 
 godes and-sacan — deniers of 
 God, (enemies), Ex. 15, 502, D. 
 669. 
 
 and-swarian, ode, od, wk. v.,S. 
 2, M. 6, to answer, reply, D. 127, 
 782, etc. 
 
 and-wig, -es, st. m., repulse, re- 
 sistance, battle, Ex. 145. 
 
 anga, wk. adj., sole, only, angan 
 . . . yrfe-lafe= owZy inheritance 
 (heir) (Isaac), Ex. 403. 
 
 an-getrum, -es, st. n., a host, 
 squadron, an illustrious host, an 
 array, Ex. 334. 
 
 an-gin, -es, st. n., a beginning, an 
 attempt, undertaking , action, a 
 cause, D. 125. 
 
 Sn-hydig, adj., single-minded, 
 firm, constant, brave, D. 605. 
 
 an-lifedan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to lead on, conduct to, Ex. 
 194. 
 
 an-medla, -an, wk. m., pride, ar- 
 rogance, insolence, D. 748. 
 
 an-ni6d, adj., of one mind, with 
 one accord, unanimous, brave, 
 steadfast, Ex. 203. 
 
 an-p8ej>, -es, st. ra., a narrow or 
 lonely path, Ex. 58. 
 
 an-wadan, AvOd, vvaden, st. v., 
 
 5. 2, M. 4, to invade, come upon, 
 attack, seize iipon. Me (Israel) 
 wlenco an-w6d, D. 17. 
 
 an-wl6h, adj., ornamented, 
 adorned, D. 585. (an-walh.) 
 
 S,r, -es, St. m., a messenger, ser- 
 vant, legate, man, D. 551. 
 
 ar, -e, St. f., glory, honor, fame, 
 grace, help, favor, D. 454. 
 
 a-rfedan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to interpret, decipher, unfold, 
 reveal, D. 734, 741.
 
 so 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 a-rst'inan, de, ed, wk. v., S. i, M. 
 
 (I, li> rise, stand up. up a-ram- 
 
 de so eorl, Ex. 411. 
 a-riferan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to rear, elevate, lift up, arouse, 
 
 rise up, Ex. 29.5, ;?20, D. 191. 
 a-ras, sec a-risan. 
 ar-craiftig, adj., strong in honor, 
 
 honorable, respectful, D. 551. 
 are, -au, wk. f., diynity, honor. 
 
 mid aran, Ex. 245. See Sr. 
 a-re'afiaii, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 6, to rob, deprive, destroy, 
 
 divide, despoil, Ex. 290. 
 a-reccan, rehte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to declare, explain, spread oxit, 
 
 D. 133, 582, etc. 
 a-risan, ras, risen, st. v., S. 6, 
 
 M. 2, to arise, spring tip. werod 
 
 eall aras = the host all arose, Ex. 
 
 100, 129, 299, etc. 
 a-s^lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to bind, fasten, fetter, Ex. 470. 
 a-sceppan, scop, sceapen, st. v., 
 
 5. 2, M. 4, to do, make, fix, ap- 
 point, establish, determine. Also, 
 sce'cp, scapen, S. 1, M. 5, Ex. 381. 
 
 a-secgan, sfe(g)de, sae(g)d, w'k. 
 v., S. 1, M. 6, to tell, explain, de- 
 clare, deliver, speak out, D. 129, 
 156. 
 
 a-settan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to set down, lay down, set up 
 or in. 
 
 a-stah, see a-stigan. 
 
 a-stigan, stah, stigen, St. v., S. 
 
 6, M. 2, to ascend, scale, ascend 
 
 to, mount up, arise (descend). 
 
 a-stah, Ex. 107, 302, etc., D. 118, 
 
 495. 
 a-swebban, efede, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 1, M. 6, to put to sleep, destroi/, 
 
 kill, lose, Ex. 336. 
 a-swefede, see a-swebban. 
 
 a-teon, teah, togcn, st. v., S. 7, 
 M. 3, to draw forth or out, move 
 forth, journey, up a-tt"ou = to 
 ascend, move up, array, Ex. 490. 
 
 atol, adj., hostile, dire, terrible, 
 frightful, Ex. 165, 201. 
 
 aj», -es, St. m., an oath, he ah 
 swere)', Ex. 431. 
 
 a,-]>encan, J>ohte, )>6ht, wk. v., 
 
 5. 1, M. 6, to invent, conceive, 
 think out, remember, D. 146. 
 
 aJ>-sAvaru, -e, st. f., oath-swear- 
 ing, oath, Ex. 558. 
 
 awa, adv., ever, alxcays, Ex. 424. 
 
 a-wacan, woe, wacen, st. v., S. 
 2, M. 4, to axoake, anse, spring 
 forth. 
 
 a-wacian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to decline, abstain, desist, 
 turn from, D. 220 (a-wa- 
 codon) . 
 
 a-weccan, hte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to avmken, arouse, excite, in- 
 cite, a-wehte ^one, D. 40. 
 
 a-^veorpan, wearp, Avorpen, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to cast aside, out, 
 reject, contest, D. 589. 
 
 a-wiht, -e, St. f., also -es, st. n., 
 aright, anything, D. 334, 429. 
 
 a-winnan, wan(n), wunnen, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to win, conquer, 
 endure. 
 
 a-wyrgan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to strangle, suffocate, in- 
 jure, destroy, worry, wommum 
 a.-Vi'yrgec\^ destroyed by sin(s), 
 Ex. 532. 
 
 Azarias, see Adzarias, D. 91. 
 
 B. 
 
 Babilon, -es, n., Babylon, D. 47, 
 
 99, etc. 
 Babilonia, f., Babylon, D. 70.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 81 
 
 Babilonigo, adj., Babylonian, D. 
 
 178. 
 bad, see bidaii. 
 b&dau, do, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 G, to constrain, demand, compel, 
 incite, encourage. 
 
 b^l, -es, St. n., a flame, hxirning, 
 fxDieral fire, D. 414. 
 
 bM-bl5's, -e, St. f.,fire, blaze of 
 the funeral pile, furnace of fire, 
 Ex. 401 . in bffil-blyse — fiery 
 furnace, Ex. 401, D. 232. 
 
 b&l-blyse, -an, wk. f., see b&l- 
 blys. Also bsel-blaese. 
 
 bjelc, -es, st. m. , a covering, cloud. 
 btvlce ofer-brtetkle = overspread 
 ivith a cloud, Ex. 73. 
 
 b^l-egesa, -an, wk. m., dread of 
 the flame, terror, bail-egsan 
 hwe^op = threatened tvith terror 
 of the flames, Ex. 121. 
 
 baer, see berau. 
 
 baernau, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to burn, consume, D. 242. 
 
 baej>--\veg, -es, st. m., a bath-way, 
 sea-way, sea. ba^Mveges blfest, 
 Ex. 290. 
 
 balca, -an, wk. m., a covering. 
 
 Baldazar, m. irreg., Belshazzar, 
 D. 677. 
 
 ban, -es, st. u., a bone, D. 435. 
 
 bana, -an, wk. m.,a slayer, mur- 
 derer, an outlaw, bana wide 
 scrah, Ex. .39. So, bona. 
 
 band, see bindan. 
 
 bS.n-hus, -es, st. n., bone-house, 
 body, Ex. 523. 
 
 bannan, ben, bannen, St. v., S. 
 1, M. 5, to order, call, summon. 
 
 basnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to expect, await, loait for, 
 Ex. 470. 
 
 basu, plu. we, fx<\]., purple, crim- 
 son, baswe boc-stafas = c?'n«- 
 
 son letters or characters, D. 
 724. 
 
 be, prep. w. dat. and inst., (a) 
 local, by, near, nearby, at, upon, 
 on, with, from, concerning, be 
 silvan = on the south, Ex. 69, 
 134 ; be ham here-wisan = on or 
 upon their leader, Ex. 323, D. 424. 
 (&) temporal, ivhile, during. 
 be him lifigendum = during their 
 life, Ex. 324, M. 334. 
 
 (c) causal, /or, on account of, 
 according to, through, be wasst- 
 mum = according to {their') 
 strength, Ex. 243; be feore= on 
 j)ain of death, D. 101. 
 
 beacen, -es, st. n., abeacon, token, 
 standard, image, banner, miracle, 
 belicen a-riSred = had raised a 
 standard, Ex. 320 ; cTgean l)e'ac- 
 num = to summon by standards, 
 Ex. 219, D. 191, 488. 
 
 bead, see beodau. 
 
 beado-searo, u. plu., ar7ns, bat- 
 tle vxapons, Ex. 572. (beadu- 
 searo.) 
 
 beadu-nisegen, -es, st. n., a bat- 
 tle troop, host, martial poxoer. 
 beadu-msegnes rses, Ex. 329. 
 
 beag, -es, st. m., ornament, chain, 
 crown , plu., rings, jewels, brace- 
 lets, Ex. 556. (beah.) 
 
 b(e)ald, adj., bold, brave, strong, 
 Ex. 253, T). 210. 
 
 bealde, adv., boldly, D. 200. 
 
 bealo(u), -wes, st. n., bale, woe, 
 evil, hurt, depravity. bealu 
 henne = injury from a wound, 
 Ex. 238. Also adj. , baleful, evil, 
 destructive, (balu), Ex. 5. 
 
 bealo-spel(l)es, st. n., evil mes- 
 sage, tale of woe, Ex. 510. 
 
 bealu-sijj, -es, st. m., fatal jour- 
 ney, death, calamity, Ex. 5.
 
 82 
 
 GTvOSSAUY, 
 
 belim, -es, st. m., beam, pillar, 
 20ood, tree, column {of cloud), 
 pillar {of fire), Ex. 94, 111, D. 
 508, 619. 
 
 bearhtm, -es, st. in., sjilendor, 
 noise, tiimiiU, cry. Avcrodes 
 bearhtme = ^lnth tumult of the 
 host, Ex. G5. 
 
 bcarm, -es, st. lu., bosom, posses- 
 sion, bcarm scipcs, Ex. 375. 
 
 beam, see byrnan. 
 
 beam, -es, st. u. (bairn), child, 
 boy, son, desce7idant{s). >one 
 yldo beam, Ex. 28, So. 395, 414, 
 D. 73, 106. 
 
 bearu, --wes, st. m., tree, wood, 
 forest, grove, J). 5t)0, (l)earo). 
 
 be'atan, boot, beliten, st. v., S. 
 1, M. 5, to beat, strike, shake, 
 injure, bc^ot mpecgiim, D. 265. 
 
 be-bead, see be-be^odan. 
 
 be-be^odan, belid, boden, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to bid, command, an- 
 nounce, entrust, offer, deliver, 
 Ex. 101, 215. in ge-hyld be- 
 bead = delivered into custody, 
 Ex. 382, D. 99. Also bi-bebdan. 
 
 be-bod, -es, st. n., a command, 
 precept, D. 82, 299; plu., be- 
 bodu (be-bodo). 
 
 be-bilgan, be'ah, bogen, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to encircle, enclose, 
 surround, turn, avoid, {reach), 
 D. 322. Also bi-bugau. 
 
 be-cCm, see be-cuman. 
 
 be-cuman, com (cTvQm), cu- 
 men, st. v., S. 4, M. 1 and 4, to 
 become, happen, befall, come, 
 reach, overcome, enter, Ex. 46, 
 D. 651. This verb is anoma- 
 lous. Old form of pret. , cwam. 
 
 be-cwOm, see be-cuman. liyra 
 fser-spell be-c\v6m = sudden 
 fear befell them, Ex. 135, 344. 
 
 be-fa»)»mlan, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. (i, to embrace, include, en- 
 circle, Ex. 428. 
 
 be-faran, for, faren, st. v., S. 2, 
 M. 4, to go around, through, en- 
 compass, facste bc-farenc = 
 ftrmhj encompassed, Ex. 497. 
 
 be-feolan, fa;!, folen, st. v., S. 4, 
 M. 1, to fix in, fasten, commit, 
 grant, deliver, foldan bc-folcn, 
 b. 560; (pret. fealh, S. 3). I 
 
 be-foran, prep. w. dat., («) local, « 
 before, in the presence of, in 
 front of. him be-foran = ftp/ore 
 them, Ex. 93. {b) temporal, 
 sooner than. Also, adv. =/or- 
 merly, at hand, in front. 
 
 be-gang, see be-gong. 
 
 be-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to obtain, acquire, take, 
 seize, receive, befall, D. 618. 
 Alsobi-gitan. 
 
 be-gong, -es, st. m., way, circuit, 
 course, area, Ex. 345. Also bi- 
 gong. 
 
 be-healdan, be'bld, healden, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to hold, defend, 
 possess, inhabit, cherish, observe, 
 take care of, behold (bi-healdan), 
 Ex. 109. 
 
 be-he'cld, see be-healdan. se ha 
 menigeo be-he'bld = who pro- 
 tected the host, Ex. 205. be- 
 he'bld . . . sciuan = took care to 
 shine{?), Ex. 109. 
 
 be-li\vylfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to cover, submerge, sub- 
 vert, destroy, ne be-hwylfan 
 raseg = may not subvert, Ex. 426. 
 
 be-lecgan, (g)de, (g)ed, wk. v., 
 
 5. 1, M. 6, to surround, {belay). 
 be-legan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to blaze, surround with fire. 
 Also bi-legan, D. 296.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 83 
 
 be-locen, sec be-lucan. 
 be-lucan, leuc, locen, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to dose in, lock, protect, 
 embrace, Ex. 43, 45G. wealle 
 be-loccnc, D. GUG. Also bt- 
 Incan. 
 
 beine, -an, wk. f., a trumpet, Ex. 
 21G. 
 
 ben(n), -e, st. f., a wound, Ex. 
 238. 
 
 ben, -e, st. f., a prayer, entreaty, 
 boon. 
 
 bend, -es, st. m. aud f., a band, 
 bond, 1). 435 (bend, -e). 
 
 beodan, be'ad, boden, st. v., S. 
 7, M. 3, to command, offer, an- 
 nounce, bring, threaten, signify, 
 Ex. 352. wisdom budon, D. 27. 
 D. 647 ; = bidon {awaited) , Ex. 
 166. bude, D. 132, 542. 
 
 beo-hata, -an, wk. m., leader, 
 j^rince, surety, ptromiser, Ex. 253. 
 
 be'cn, \v8es, ge-'«'esen, irreg., to 
 be. See Avesan. Generally 
 with futnre sense, bih e'bwer 
 blaid miccl = great glory shall be 
 yours, Ex. 563, D. 350. 
 
 beorg, -es, st. m., hill, slope, bar- 
 row, mountain, D. 383. 
 
 beorh, see beorg. 
 
 beorh-hliJ>, -es, st. u., hill-slope, 
 height, mountain slope or height, 
 n. plu., Ex. 448. Also beorg-hlih. 
 
 beorht, adj., bright, clear, bril- 
 liant, noble, holy, Ex. 219, D. 9, 
 374. Used also as pi-efix. 
 
 beorht-rodor, -es, st. m., bright 
 firmament, ether, Ex. 94. 
 
 beorn, -es, st. m., hero, man, no- 
 bleman, prince, xmrrior, Ex. 375, 
 D. 70, 99. 
 
 beornan, see byrnan. 
 
 be'cr-sele, -es, st. m., hccr-luill, 
 festive hall, hall, Ex. 563. 
 
 be'ct, -cs, St. n., threat, boast, 
 pledge, peril, in }>ana bifote = in 
 peril, 1). 2G5. to bLH)tc, D. 200. 
 
 beot-hata, -an, wk. m., sec beb- 
 hata. 
 
 beran, baer, boren, st. v., S. 4, 
 M. I, to bear, carry, bring for- 
 xcurd, offer, suffer, support, ob- 
 serve , dra 10 near, gearwc b&ron 
 = offered themselves ready, Ex. 
 59; hersi]) = observe, D. 479; 
 bereh^berah-, D. 142. 
 
 be-relifian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 G, to bereave, pdunder, spoil, D. 59. 
 
 be-reccan, re(a)hte, re(a)ht, 
 wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to relate, re- 
 count, explain, say, rule. 
 
 be-rtMiian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. G, to p)lan, prepare, arrange, 
 Ex. 147. Also be-regniau. 
 
 be-re^ofan, reaf, rofen, st. v., S. 
 7, M. 3, to rob, deprive of, Ex. 36. 
 
 berhtni-hwat, &({]., quick, bright, 
 ready, D. 381. 
 
 be-rofen, sec be-re^ofan. 
 
 berstan, bterst, borsten, st. v. , S. 
 3, M. 1, to break to pieces, burst, 
 scatter, resou>id, Ex. 477, 483. 
 
 be-se'bn, seah, sewen (ge-sewen), 
 St. v., S. 5, M. 1, to look about, 
 observe, see, gaze, inspect, D. G52. 
 
 be-sn8edan,de, ed, wk. v., S. 1,M. 
 6, to cut, circumcise, D. 514, 556. 
 
 be-stenian, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to bedeiv, make icet, satu- 
 rate, to steam, foam over, blode 
 be-stemed = tvith blood bedewed, 
 Ex. 448. 
 
 be-styinan, see be-steman. 
 
 be-swac, see be-s%vican, D. 29. 
 
 be-sw^lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. G, to singe, scorch, parch. 
 fyre be-swaeled = singed with 
 fire, D. 438.
 
 84 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 be-s\vican, swac, swicen, st. v., 
 
 S. G, M. 2, to beguile, deceive, 
 entice away. hie gylp be- 
 swac— pnVZfi hefjrdlcd them, D. 
 7r,2. 
 
 betan, te, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, M. G, 
 to amend, restore, repair, 
 ciire. hyra msegeu betan = 
 to repair their strength, Ex. 
 131. 
 
 betera, see god. 
 
 bc-t^ve'bnuIn, prep., between, 
 among, Ex. 442, 5G2. 
 
 be-)>eaht, sec be-J>eccan. 
 
 be-J>eccan, }»eahte, J>eaht, wk. 
 v., S. 1, M. 6, to cover, thatch, 
 bedeck, conceal, Ex. GO. 
 
 be-'windan, wand, wunden, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to irind around, 
 surround, shut in, D. G02. Also 
 bi-\vindaii. 
 
 be-wrecan, wraec, wreeen, st. 
 v., S. 5, M. 1, to avenge, 
 wreak, drive, overturn, bring, 
 strike. be-wr£econ, D. 305. 
 
 be-wrigan, wrah, wrigen, st. v., 
 S. G, M. 2, to cover over, conceal, 
 hide. be-Avrigene = hidden, D. 
 44. 
 
 be-wrihan, see be-Avrigan. 
 
 bidan, bad, biden, st. v., S. 6, 
 M. 2, to await, bide, expect, loait, 
 dwell, reach, find, Ex. 213, 249. 
 here . . . bad = the army awaited, 
 Ex. 550. 
 
 biddan, baed, beden, st. v., S. 
 5, M. 1, to ask, bid, pray, order, 
 D. 295, 359, 542. bidde=^6?VZ- 
 den, Ex. 271. 
 
 bi-fOn, feng, fangen, st. v., S. 1, 
 M. 5, to grasp, seize, surround, 
 embrace, mid handa bi-feug, 
 Ex. 415. Also be-fon. 
 
 bi-legan, see be-legan. 
 
 bll(l),-es,st. n., battle-axe, sword. 
 
 Ijilluiu a-bre'btan = to destroy 
 
 ivith sword(s), Ex. 199. 
 bile-Avit, adj., mild, gentle, calm, 
 
 mere if III. 
 bil-swa;J>, -es, st. n., a sword- 
 track, vjound, Ex. 329. 
 bindan, band, bunden, st. v., S. 
 
 3, M. 1, to bind, tie. gyx'd-wTte 
 
 band, Ex. 15. 
 biudan, see beodan. 
 biter, adj., hitter, sharp, severe, 
 
 painful, angry. 
 bi-Avindan, see be-windan. 
 bi-Avrecan, see be-Avrecan. 
 bi-\vrigan, see be-Avrigan. 
 blcle, adj., pale,shining, brilliant, 
 
 gleaming, Ex. Ill, 121. in l)la- 
 
 cum reafuin, Ex. 212, D. 24G. 
 biffed, -es, St. m., riches, success, 
 
 honor, happiness, joy, breath, 
 
 blast, Ex. 318. lissa blaed = the 
 
 joy of favors, Ex. 545, D. 164. 
 bl&d, -e, St. f., blade, leaf, flower, 
 
 fruit, D. 500, 563. 
 bl&st, -es, St. m., a bloioing, blast, 
 
 wind, Ex. 290. 
 bland, -es, st. n., a blending, 
 
 mingling, confusion. sanges 
 
 bland, Ex. 309". 
 bled, -e, st. f., a blade, branch, 
 
 D. 508, 518. See blajd. 
 bletsigan, see bletsian. 
 bletsian, ode, od (ad), wk. v., 
 
 S. 2, M. G, to bless, consecrate, 
 
 D. 359, 390. 
 blican, blac, blloen, st. v., S. G, 
 
 M. 2, to shine, glitter, appear, 
 
 become visible, Ex. IGO, D. 545. 
 blinnan, blan(n),blunuen, st.v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to cease, rest, forego, 
 
 lose, be deprived of. 
 blij>, adj., blithe, happy, joyous. 
 
 Ex. 582, D. 117.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 85 
 
 bliJje-niSd, adj., hippn-mindcd, 
 rhccrf id, joyous, I). 713. 
 
 blod, -es, St. n., blood, gore, Ex. 
 448. flod blod ge-w6d= 5?ood 
 came upon the waves, Ex. 462. 
 
 blod-cgesa, -an, wk. m., hloodij 
 terror, terror, Ex. 477. 
 
 blOdig, adj., hloddy, (jory, Ex. 
 ;?2!). blodige 1 fditon = seemed 
 bloody, Ex. 572. 
 
 bOc, -e, St. f ., book ; in plu., sacred 
 books, (Bible), boca be-bodes, 
 D. 82. 
 
 bOcere, -es, st. m., book-man, 
 learned man, writer, author, 
 interpreter, boceras = learned 
 men, Ex. 530, D. 164. 
 
 bOc-staef, -es, st. m., a letter, 
 character, D. 724, 740. 
 
 bodian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to announce, herald, proclaim, 
 preach, prophesy. 
 
 bodigean, see bodian. bodi- 
 gean jefter burgum= announce 
 among the cities, Ex. 510. 
 
 bog, -es, St. m., arm, limb, shoul- 
 der, leg, (el-bow), meara bo- 
 gum ~ with the legs of, Ex. 171. 
 
 bog (b6h), -es, st. m., bough, 
 branch. 
 
 boga, -an, wk. m., a boio, an 
 airh. 
 
 bolgen-mod, adj., angry, enraged 
 in mind. 
 
 bord, -es, st. u., a shield, board, 
 table, buckler, bord up a-hof = 
 raised up (his) shield, Ex. 253. 
 
 bord-hre(o)J»a, -an, wk. m., 
 shield-covering, buckler, shield, 
 Ex. 160. 
 
 b6t(e), -e, st. f., help, amends, 
 remedy, penance, offering, Ex. 
 5. bote ge-sawon = they saw re- 
 lief, Ex. 582 ; to bote = moreover. 
 
 brad, adj., broad, toide, spacious, 
 
 Ex. .5.56, D. 322. 
 brjBc, see brecan. 
 br^dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to spread, stretch (a tent). 
 
 l)roaden, rise, grow ; br£'ddon = 
 
 spread (their tents), Ex. 132. 
 braisne, see bresne. 
 brand, -es, st. m., brand, fire- 
 brand, torch, D. 246. 
 brecan, brtec, brocen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. 1, to break, break through, 
 
 violate, vex, take by storm, (.'sail) . 
 
 brivc= broke through, Ex. 251. 
 bredan, brtfed, broden (breden) , 
 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to move, draio, 
 
 swing, strike (a tent), braid. 
 
 brudou flotan feld-husum, Ex. 
 
 222 223. 
 bregdan, braegd, brogden, see 
 
 bredan, st. v., S. 3, M. 1. 
 brego, St. m., prince, ruler, D. 47, 
 
 256. 
 bregu, see brego. Used in poe- 
 
 tiy as a prefix. 
 brenian, dc, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 C, to honor, celebrate, D. 406. 
 brenie, adj., famous, notable. 
 
 Also ady ., famously , D. 104. 
 breost, -es, st. n., breast, bosom, 
 
 mind, Ex. 269. 
 bre'bst-gejjane, -es, st. in.,hea7't- 
 
 thought, reflection, thought, D. 
 
 400. 
 bre'bst-loca, -an, wk. m., heart- 
 enclosure, mind, heart, D. 167. 
 breost-net, -es, st. n., breast-net, 
 
 shirt of mail, Ex. 236. 
 bresne, adj., brazen, strong, D. 
 
 173, 449. 
 brim, -es, st. n., flood, ocean, sea, 
 
 wave, Ex. 290. 
 brini-faru(o), -e, st. f., sea-tcay, 
 
 waves, sea, D. 322.
 
 86 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 bring, -es, st. m., an offoiuf/, a 
 <"'/'■ 
 
 bringan. brOhte, ge-brOht, \vk. 
 v., S. 1, M. (j, k> briny, hear, 
 lead, produce, present, Ex. 259, 
 D. 82. 
 
 broj>or, -or, st. m., irrcg., 
 }>rnthcr. 
 
 broJ»or-gyld, -es, st. i\.,hrothpr- 
 vengeance, venycance Jor broth- 
 ers, Ex. 199. 
 
 brohte, sec bringan. 
 
 brudon, see bredan. 
 
 brfiii, adj,, brovjn, dark, blacJc, 
 Ex. 70, 498. 
 
 bryrne, see breine. 
 
 bryne, -es, st. ra., fire, btirniny, 
 heat, T). 240, 2(15. 
 
 brytnian, ode (ede), od (ed), 
 wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to enjoy, dis- 
 pense, distribute, welan bryt- 
 nedon, D. 09 1. 
 
 bryttian, ode (ede), od (ed), 
 wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to distribute, 
 enjoy, D. 672. Also brittian. 
 
 bryttigan, see bryttian. 
 
 buau, de, Avk. v., S. 1, M. C, to 
 dicelh abide, occupy, inhabit, D. 
 693. 
 
 bufan, see bufon. 
 
 bufon, prep., above. 
 
 bfigan, belih, bogen, st. v., S. 7, 
 M. 3, to boio, bend, turn, flee. 
 
 burg(h), -e, (byrig), st. f., city, 
 castle, fortress, stronghold, Ex. 
 66, D. 9, 38. 
 
 burh-hleoJ>, -es, st. n. , city-height, 
 fortress-height, Ex. 70. Also, 
 bnrh-lili}>. 
 
 burh-sittende, st. m. (part.), 
 citizens, city-dwellers, inhabi- 
 tants, D. 660, 724. 
 
 burh-stede, -es, st. m., place of 
 stronghold, castle, city, D. 47. 
 
 burh-waru, st. f., citizens, D. 
 179. 
 
 burh-weard, -es, st. m., city or 
 castle dffender, guardian, Ex. 
 39. 
 
 butan, prep, ami coiij., but, un- 
 less, except, out of, against, with- 
 out, 1). r)72. 
 
 buton, see butan. 
 
 buwan, see buan. 
 
 byly-wit, see bile-wit, D. 363. 
 
 byme, sec beme, Ex. 132, 160. 
 
 byrhtni, see bearlitni. 
 
 byrne, -an, wk. f., shirt of mail, 
 (burnie) . byrne {fire) — bryne. 
 
 byrnan, b(e)arn, burnen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to burn, burn up, 
 blaze, glovj, 1). 253. 
 
 byrnende, part, adj., burning, 
 Ex. 73, 111. 
 
 C. 
 
 C8eg(e), -e and -an, st. f. and 
 
 wk. f., a key, Ex. 524. 
 cald, see ceald. 
 Calde'as, m. plii., Chaldeans, D, 
 
 42, 95, 600. 
 camp, -es, st. ra., battle, fight, 
 
 combat, Ex. 21. Also comp. 
 Canane'as, pi., Canaanites, Ex. 
 
 444. 
 car-le'as, adj., careless, free from 
 
 care, reckless, car-le'asan-de'br 
 
 = reckless icild beasts, Ex. 106. 
 ceald, -es, st. n., cold. Also adj. 
 ce'apian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 1, to buy, bribe, bargain. 
 
 gyfum ce'apian, D. 739. 
 ceaster, -e, st. f., city, town, for- 
 tified place, D. 42, 600. 
 cempa, -an, wk. m., a hero, xoar- 
 
 rior, champion.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 87 
 
 cene, adj., keen, bold, icarlike. 
 ctMiost debra, Ex. 322, 350. 
 
 cennan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 G, to heyet, bear, create, prove, 
 Ex. 356, D. 319. 
 
 cennan, de, ed, S. 1, M. (J, to 
 confess, explain, ascribe. 
 
 ceorfan, cearf, corfen, st. v., S. 
 3, M. 1, to hew, cut, cai've, cut 
 dotcn. het ha?t trt'ow ceorfan, 
 D. 511. 
 
 ceosan, ee'as, coren, st. v., S. 7, 
 M. 3, to choose, prefer, seek, as- 
 swne, accept, Ex. 243. curon 
 deifies cra?ft, D. 32, 150. 
 
 cerran, see cyrran. 
 
 cerre, see eyrr. 
 
 cigan, see cigean. 
 
 cigean, de, ed. wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 G, to call, call tipon, cry aloud, 
 name, summon, be'acnum ci- 
 gean =^0 summon by signals, 
 Ex. 219. 
 
 cin-berg, -e, st. f., chin-defence, 
 visor, Ex. 175. 
 
 cine-doni, see cynlng-d6m. 
 
 cining, see eyn-ing. 
 
 cist, see cyst. 
 
 clifene, adj., clean. Also adv., 
 enti7'ely. 
 
 clamm, -es, st. m., e. f., band, 
 fetter, (prison), J). 520. 
 
 clene, see cl&ne. 
 
 clom, see clain(ni). 
 
 cneo-magas, st. ra. pin. , kinsfolk , 
 relatives, Ex. 21, 434, D. 702. 
 
 cneb-ris, -e, st. f., generation, 
 race, tribe, family, nation, wera 
 cne'c-rissum = to the tribes of 
 men, Ex. 3. 
 
 cne'b(-w), -es, st. n., generation, 
 race, relationship, enebw, D. 
 676. 
 
 eneo(w), -es, st. n., knee, D. 180. 
 
 cneow-sibb, -e, st. f., race, gener- 
 ation, relationship, Ex. 356. 
 
 cniht, -es, st. m., boy, youth, 
 young man, servant. )>one cniht 
 (Isaac) ge-nam = laid hold of 
 the boy, Ex. 406; plu., cnihtas, 
 D. 83, 89; cnihton = cnihtum, 
 D. 267. 
 
 cSm, see cuman. 
 
 corj^or, -es, st. m., a troop, band, 
 an army, pomp, a crovjd. cyn- 
 ingas on cor)>re, Ex. 191, D. 95. 
 
 craeft, -es, st. m., craft, skill, 
 cxinning, poiver ; plu., idles, Ex. 
 30, 84. ealle crtefte = by any 
 skill, Ex. 436, D. 32, 83. 
 
 cringan, crang, crungen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to cringe, submit, 
 fall, die. f^ge crungon = the 
 fated ones fell (in death), Ex. 
 481. 
 
 cuman, com (cw6m), cumen, 
 St. v., S. 4, M. 4, to come, go; 
 w. inf. of verb of motion ex- 
 presses purpose, cwom metan 
 = came to measure, Ex. 91, 92; 
 eft-wyrd cym(> = the judgment 
 (last) ivill come, Ex. 539 ; styran 
 cwom = came to prevent, Ex. 
 416, D. 93. 
 
 cumbol, -es, st. n., a sign, ensign, 
 banner, cumbol lixton = the 
 signs (on the helmet) flashed, 
 Ex. 175; for ham cumble, D. 
 180. 
 
 cuunan, cuj>e, pret. pres., to 
 knoio, know how, to be able, ac- 
 quainted with, ne ciil^ou = did 
 not know, Ex. 28, 82; mis- 
 micelra honne men cunnon = 
 of more sorts than men knew of, 
 Ex. 373 ; ne cunnon . . . ge- 
 secgenne = loill not he able to 
 tell, Ex. 435.
 
 88 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 cuiiniun, orto, od, \vk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 0, to lest, prove, know by 
 testing, Ex. 420, D. 531. 
 
 curon, see ce'bsan. 
 
 cuj>, adj., knoiim, famed, sure,, Ex. 
 230, D. 482. cubost = best 
 known, Ex. 191, D. 692; cuj> 
 ge-dydon = made known, T). 19G. 
 
 cuj>e, see cunnan. 
 
 cwala, -e, St. f., murder, violent 
 death, destrtiction, V>. 22G. 
 
 cwe(a)lin, -es, st. m., death, slaugh- 
 ter, violent death,^j'^. 4(i8, T). 47"). 
 
 c.\vej»an, c^va?]>, cwedcn, st. v., 
 S. 5, M. 1, to say, spenk, U. 3G1, 
 (quoth) . 
 
 cwen, -e, st. f., woman, wife, 
 {queen), bodigean . . . ha;lel>a 
 cwenum = announce . . . to the 
 wives of men (slain), Ex. 510-11. 
 
 cwiinan, cwam, cumen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, see cuman. 
 
 c^vOnl, see cuman and cwiinan, 
 D. 663, M. 200. An anomalous 
 verb. 
 
 cwyld-rof, adj., slaughter-famed, 
 deadly, savage, bold. Also 
 adv., cwyld-rof be'bdan — savage- 
 ly to proclaim, Ex. 166 (?). 
 
 cygean, see cigean. 
 
 cyme, -es, st. m., coming, arrival, 
 Ex. 179, D. 517. 
 
 cyme, adj., becoming, noble, glo- 
 rious, D. 710. 
 
 cyn(n), -es, st. n., kin, race, tribe, 
 people, nation, Ex. 14, 29. cyn 
 sefter cynne = tribe upon tribe, 
 Ex. 351 ; Knes (Abrahanies) 
 cynnes, Ex. 434; modig cyn 
 (Israel), D. 7; eald-fe'bnda cyn 
 (Babylonians), D. 57. 
 
 cyne-g6d, adj., well-born, noble, 
 gentle, cyrdon cyne-gode, D. 
 433. 
 
 cyne-rice, -es, st. n., rule, king- 
 dom, government, ofer cyne- 
 ricu = orer the kingdoms, Ex. 
 318. J 
 
 cyne-J>rym(in), -es, st. ni., royal ■ 
 glory, glory, 1). 706. ^ 
 
 cyning, -es, st. ni., a king, ruler, 
 Ex. 9, 14. cyning alwihta 
 (God), Ex. 420, D. 95, M. 228 
 (4), 237. 
 
 cyning-dom, -es, st. m., kingdom, 
 royal ride. i 
 
 cyrc, -es, st. ni., choice, tcill. .1 
 eyre swi^rode = choice ceased, 
 Ex. 465. 
 
 cyr(r), -es, st. m., « turning, J 
 change, space of time. ■ 
 
 cyrm, -es, st. m., noise, shout, 
 uproar. herges cyrm = the 
 shout of the host, Ex. 107. 
 
 cyrmaii, de, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to shout, cry out, Ex. 461. 
 
 cyrran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to turn, go, return, D. 433. 
 
 cyst, -e, St. t., chosen body, cohort, 
 Ex. 229, 230. 
 
 cyst, -e, St. f., choice, free will; 
 in gen. plu. = best of its kind, 
 virtue, excellence, bounty, (wede- 
 ra) cyst = the bounty of, Y). 350. 
 
 cyj»an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to make known, set forth, relate, 
 make celebrated, show, wordum 
 cyl^an, D. 97. 
 
 D. 
 
 d^d, -e, St. f., deed, action, daeg 
 
 dsedum fah = a day hostile in 
 
 deeds, Ex. 541, D. 282. 
 d^d-hvvaet, adj., quick to do, bold, 
 
 ready, D. 353. 
 d&d-le'an, -es, st. n., reivard for 
 
 deeds, recompense, Ex. 263.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 89 
 
 d*d-weorc, -es, st. n., an effec- 
 tive work, lourk accomplished, 
 work, for l^am d&d-weorcc = 
 for the icork done, Ex. 575. 
 
 daeg, -es, St. m., d(n/, Ex. 47. da- 
 gum = bi/ dan, Kx. 97 ; to da>ge 
 f>issuni = this day, Ex. 208 ; dajg 
 d&dura fall {the last day), Ex. 
 541, I). 158. 
 
 daeg-sceado(u), -e, St. f., day- 
 shade, shade. 
 
 daeg-sceald, -cs, st. iji., day-rider, 
 shield, (sun). dasg-scealdes 
 hleo, Ex. 79. 
 
 daeg-weorc, -es, st. n., day's loork, 
 stated service, work, j^ajs da^g- 
 weorces . . . f or-geald = recom- 
 pensed . . . for that day's work, 
 E5:. 315 ; daeg-weorc = deca- 
 logue, Ex. 518, (Grein). 
 
 dteg-vvoma, -an, wk. m., rush of 
 early morn, dawn, Ex. 344. 
 
 d&lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to deal, divide, share, sejjarate, 
 obtain, distribute. Swa . . . 
 regn-}'ebfas(rice) dwlab = TJius 
 do the arch-thieves divide, Ex. 
 538, D. 2, 21. 
 
 Daniel, st. m., Daniel. 
 
 David, St. m., David. 
 
 delid, adj., dead, Ex. 266 ; as noun, 
 deiidra, Ex. 41. 
 
 delil?, -es, St. m., death, dying, 
 Ex. 34. ge sweltaj' deal'O = ye 
 shall die the death, (die), D. 143. 
 
 de'ajj-drepe, -es, st. m., a death- 
 blow, blow, death, Ex. 495. 
 
 delijj-stede, -es, st. m., place of 
 death, of slaughter, sepidchre, 
 field of battle, on deal^-stede, 
 Ex. 589. 
 
 deaw, -es, st. m., dew, D. 372. 
 
 desv^v-dreas, st. m., dew-fall, D. 
 277. Also deaw-drias. 
 
 dca wig, adj . , dewy, bedewed, dea- 
 wig sceaftum, Ex. 344. 
 
 dcawig-fej»ere, adj., dewy-feath- 
 ered, dewy, Ex. 163. 
 
 dema, -an, wk. ra., judge, rider, 
 master. \vSi\>cwnm doman, D. 
 71. 
 
 deman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to judge, (deem), decide, esti- 
 mate, demel^ = icill judge , Ex. 
 542. 
 
 de'bfol, -es, st. m. and n., devil, 
 Satan, debfles cra;ft, D. 32. 
 
 deofol-d&d, -e, st. f., deviVs 
 deed, evil deed or iwrk, D. 18. 
 
 dex>fol-gild, see de'cfol-gyld. 
 
 de'bfol-gyld, -es, st. n., devil tcor- 
 ship, idolatry, an idol, image of 
 the devil, Ex. 47. 
 
 deofol-witega, -an, wk. m., 
 deviVs prophet, magician, sooth- 
 sayer, D. 128. 
 
 de'bp, -es, st. n., the deep, an 
 abyss, Ex. 281. 
 
 de'bp, adj., deep, vast, great, sol- 
 emn, heavy, significant, de'bp 
 ffirende = an important message, 
 Ex.518; de'bp \€a.\\ = heavy ret- 
 ribution, Ex. 506. 
 
 de'br, -es, st. n., animal, wild 
 beast, Ex. 166, D. 389. 
 
 de'br, adj., wild, bold, violent. 
 debr scfir, D. 372. 
 
 de'br(e), adj., dear, beloved. sd\>e- 
 lum de'bre = dear to the nobles, 
 Ex. 186. 
 
 de'br-inOd, adj., beloved, of bold 
 spirit, bold, Ex. 97, d". 171. 
 Also as noun. 
 
 derian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to harm, hurt, injure, D. 274. 
 
 digel, see dygle. 
 
 Dira, irreg., Plain of Dura, D. 
 171.
 
 90 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 dum, -es, st. m., law, decree, judg- 
 ment, {doom), poioer, gloiij, in- 
 terpretation, Ex. 2, 520. of 
 ft~oiula doine = out of the poiver 
 of, Ex. 570; na-s hira dora, D. 
 128 ; uymt)e ic dom wite = un- 
 less I may know the interpreta- 
 tion, D. 143. 
 
 doniian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 0, to (jlorifu, exalt, give judg- 
 ment, D. 372, 39y (d6mige = do- 
 migcn), (domigan). 
 
 d6n, dide, ge-don, wk. v.,irreg., 
 to do, make, cause, accomplish, 
 D. 23. in susl d6n= to cast into 
 torment, D. 521. 
 
 dr&fan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to urge, drive. 
 
 dretih, see drebgan. 
 
 dream, -es, st. m., a joyful sound, 
 joy, mrisic. dugob on dre'anie = 
 men shall in joy, Ex. 546, D. 
 30. 
 
 dre'am-le'as, adj., joyless, D. 558. 
 
 drelirung, -e, st. f., a falling, 
 distillation, D. 349. 
 
 drenc-flOd, -es, st. m., drowning- 
 flood, flood, deluge, (Noah's 
 flood), Ex. 364. 
 
 dre'bgan, dreah, drogen, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to bear, suffer, carry. 
 dreah = suffered, Ex. 49, D. 238. 
 
 dre'br, -es, st. m., blood, running 
 blood, Ex. 151. 
 
 dre'bsan, dre'as, droren, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to fall, perish, dis- 
 appear, weaken, Ex. 47. 
 
 drige, adj., dry, Ex. 283. 
 
 driht, -e, st. f., troop, company, 
 people, Ex. 79. 
 
 drihten, -es, st. m., leader, prince, 
 lord, (God), weroda driliten = 
 lord of hosts, Ex. 558, D. 12. 
 Used in composition. 
 
 drihten- weard, -es, st. m., mas- 
 ter, lord, {(iod), D. 535. 
 
 driht-folc, -es, st. n., troop, hand, 
 nation, multitude, Ex. 84. driht- 
 folca msest (Egyptians), Ex. 
 589. 
 
 driht-neas, st. m. plu., bodies of 
 slain, carcasses, Ex. 163. 
 
 drincan, dranc, druncen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to drink, D. 750. 
 
 druron, see dre'bsan. 
 
 dryge, see drige. 
 
 drysinian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to become dark, obscure, 
 gloomy, (land) drysmyde = be- 
 came dark, Ex. 40, B. 1376. 
 
 dropa, -an, wk. m., acZrop, D. 349. 
 
 druncen, see drincan, part, adj., 
 drunken, I). 18. ■* 
 
 dryliten, see drihten. 
 
 dugoJ>(uJj), -e, St. f., that which 
 avails, advantage, manhood, 
 men, noble band, Ex. 41, D. 87. 
 
 dw&scan, ede (te), ed, wk. v., 
 S. 1, M. 6, to quench, 2)ut out. 
 
 dygle, adv. , secretly, D. 130. Also 
 adj., unknoivn, D. 482. 
 
 dj'glice, adv., secretly. 
 
 dygol, adj., secret (digol). 
 
 dyre, adj., dear, beloved. 
 
 dyrust (djTost), adj., sup. See 
 dyre. metode dyrust = dearest 
 to God, D. 36, 37. 
 
 E. 
 
 e'ac, conj., also, likewise, more- 
 over, Ex. 245, D. 68; prep., 
 imth, in addition to, besides, 
 ehc ];>on = besides that, Ex. 374, 
 381. 
 
 eaca, -an, wk. m., an addition, 
 increase. to elican = besides, 
 moreover.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 91 
 
 eacen, part, adj., increased, great, 
 larye, heavy, full, widespread, 
 D. 136, 485." 
 
 ead , ad j . , happy, blessed, rich . on 
 ^aet eiide riht, Ex. 186. 
 
 ead, -es, st. ii.,ioealth,possessio7is, 
 joy, Ex. 339, D. 072. 
 
 eadig, adj., prosperous, happy, 
 blessed, rich. Also as noun, 
 eadigra ge-hwam = to each of 
 the blessed, Ex. 4. Also, adver- 
 bial, D. 1. 
 
 e'ad-medu, st. u. pin., hitmilit'j, 
 kindness. 
 
 cafora, -an, wk. m., offspring, 
 son, descendant, caforan sinne 
 (Isaac), Ex. 411. 
 
 cage, -an, wk. n., eye, Ex. 179. 
 
 oal(l), adj., all, ichole, entire, uni- 
 versal, Ex. 84, D. 73. 
 
 eald, see aid. 
 
 eald-feond, -es, st. m., an old 
 enemy, ancient foe (Babyloni- 
 ans), D. 57. 
 
 ealdor, see aider, chief. 
 
 ealdor, see aider, life. 
 
 ealdor-dOni, see aldor-dom. 
 
 ealdor-lagu, see aldor-lagu. 
 
 ealdor-nian, -es, st. m., (alder- 
 man), ruler, prince, D. 685. 
 
 eal-dwerig, adj., altogether per- 
 verse, depraved, loicked, Ex. 
 50. 
 
 ealh, see alh. 
 
 ealh-stede, -es, st. m., see alh- 
 stede, D. 674. 
 
 ealles, adv., toholly, entirely. 
 
 eal-walda, see aI-^valda. 
 
 eal(I)-'«^undor, -es, st. n., a great 
 iconder, miracle, Ex. 578. 
 
 earn = eom (^vesan) . 
 
 ear(h), -es, st. ra., sea, ocean. D. 
 324. 
 
 ear, -es, st. m., earth. 
 
 earc, -e, st. f., ark (of the cove- 
 nant), chest, ark, T). 752. Also 
 earce, -an, wk. f. 
 
 eard(J»), -es, st. m., earth, native 
 soil, D. 612. 
 
 elire, -an, wk. n., ear. 
 
 earfojj-niaecg, -es, st. m., an af- 
 flicted one, a sufferer, D. 623. 
 
 earfo}>-siJ>, -es, st. m., a trouble- 
 some journey, calamity, hardlot, 
 D. 657. 
 
 earm, adj., poor, mean, pitiful, 
 wretched. As noun, eamra an- 
 bid = the hope of the loretched, 
 Ex. 533 ; earme lafe, D. 80. 
 
 earni-sceapen, part, adj., ill- 
 shapen, misshapen, ill-created, 
 u-retched, D. 632. 
 
 earu, adv., quickly, ready, Ex. 339. 
 
 easterne, adj., eastern, east. 
 
 ea-stre"am, -es, st. m.,sea, ocean, 
 river, stream. 
 
 e'ast-weg, -es, st. m., a loay in the 
 east, toward the east, D. 69. 
 
 e'aj>(e), adv., easily; adj., easy, 
 D. 50. 
 
 eajj-medu, see e'ad-medu, D. 295. 
 
 ea]?-nietto(u), st. n. plu., humil- 
 ity, ki)idness, weakness. 
 
 Ebrelis, st. m. plu., Hebrews. 
 
 ec, adv., also (eke). 
 
 ece, adj., eternal, perpetual, Ex. 
 11, D. 30. Also adv., eternally, 
 Ex. 288. 
 
 eeen, adj., see e'acen, Ex. 194. 
 
 ecg, -e, St. f., edge of a ioeapo7i, 
 edge, sword, blade, weapon, ecg 
 grymetode= ^Ae weapon sounded 
 out, Ex. 408. ecgum = with the 
 sword, Ex. 412, D. 709. 
 
 ed-scaeft, -e, st. f., a new crea- 
 tion, regeneration. Also, ed- 
 sceaft, D. 112. 
 
 efen, see ^fen, D. 276.
 
 92 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 efne, adv., evenly, exaclly, Ex. 76. 
 efn-ged^lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 1, M. G, to share, divide equally, 
 Ex. 95. 
 efn(i)an, (e)de, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 6, to do, make, execute, D. 
 
 183, 18G. 
 eft, adv., again, aneio, back, after- 
 wards, eft on-cyrde = again 
 
 made to turn, Ex. 451, D. i'u . 
 eft-wyrd, -e, st. i., future destiny, 
 
 fate, Ex. 539. 
 ege-laf, -e, st. f., battle-remnant, 
 
 sjjoil, (survival's'), Ex. 370. 
 eg(e)le, adv., hateful, trouble- 
 some, D. 679. 
 eg(e)sa, -an, vpk. m.,fear, terror, 
 
 horror, egsan stodon = fears 
 
 arose, Ex. 136, D. 124. 
 eges-ful(l), adj., fearful, full of 
 
 awe, terrible, Ex. 505, D.106. 
 eges-lic, adj., terrible, fearful, D. 
 
 719. 
 eges-lice, adv., terribly, fearfully, 
 
 imnderfully, intensely, D. 225. 
 eglian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 (!, to ail, trouble, pain, torment. 
 Egypte, -e, f., Egypt, Ex. 443. 
 Egypte, Bi. plu., Egyptians. 
 
 dngo> Egypta, Ex. 500 ; of 
 
 Egyptum, D. 6. 
 ehtan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, «o 
 
 harass, persecute, pursue. 
 ehtian, see ehtan. 
 ehtian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 6, to esteem, observe, consider, 
 
 counsel icith, D. 410. 
 ellen, -es, st. m., strength, cour- 
 age; in. plu., brave deeds, Ex. 
 
 218. 
 elpend, -es, st. m., elephant. 
 el-]>e"odig, adj., of another nation, 
 
 foreign, hostile. el-Jie'bdigum 
 
 (Babylonians), D. 39. 
 
 ende, -e, st. ni., an end, edge, a 
 boundary, Ex. 466, D. 115. 
 
 ende-da'g, -es, st. m., a last day, 
 day of death, D. 679. 
 
 ende-lelin, -es, st. n., final re- 
 ward, reparation, punishment, 
 D. 187. 
 
 enge, adj., narrow. enge = nar- 
 roio, Ex. 58. 
 
 engel, -es, st. m., angel, messen- 
 ger, Ex. 205. engla drihten 
 (God), Ex. 558, D. 337. 
 
 ^de, see gan. 
 
 eom, see ^vesan or be^bn. 
 
 e'bred, -es, st. n., troop, band. 
 
 eorl, -es, st. m., earl, leader, no- 
 bleman, man, Ex. 261. se eorl 
 (Abraham), Ex. 411 ; l^a eorlas 
 (Israel), D. 62. 
 
 ebrod, see e'cred. 
 
 eorp, adj., brown, dusky, dark. 
 eorp werod (Egyptians), Ex. 
 194. 
 
 eorp, -es, st. n., a host. 
 
 eorJ>e, -an, wk. f., earth, ground, 
 plain, world, Ex. 26, D. 30. 
 
 eorjj-buende, st. m. (part.), earth- 
 dwellers, inhabitants, men,'Ex.Si. 
 
 eorjj-cyn, -es, st. n., mankind, 
 human race, Ex. 370. 
 
 eorjj-cyning, -es, st. m., king of 
 the land, great king, king, D. 
 306, (Solomon), Ex. 392. 
 
 eorJ»-lic, adj., earthly, D. 525. 
 
 e'b^v, see J>u. 
 
 e'bw(i)an, (e)de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to shoiv, reveal. 
 
 esne, -es, st. m., slave, servant, 
 man. l>seY esnas masnige, D. 
 244. 
 
 est, -es, St. m., grace, favor, 
 pleasure. 
 
 e]>(e), adv. comp., more easily. 
 Also adj., easy, mild.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 93 
 
 6J»e, adj., loaste, deserted, barren, 
 
 D. 78. 
 e}»an, de, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, M. G, 
 
 to lay waste, destroy, D. 57. 
 ej»el, -es, st. m., fatherland, na- 
 tive land, home, possessions, Ex. 
 
 18, D. 638. 
 e}>el-land, -es, st. n., native land, 
 
 land, country, D. 39. 
 e)»el-leas, adj., exiled, homeless. 
 
 As nouu, ej'el-letisum, Ex. 139, 
 
 533. 
 ej»el-riht, -es, st. n., land-right, 
 
 native right, inheritance, Ex. 
 
 211. 
 ej>el-weard, -es, st. ra., lord of 
 
 the land, native chief; ia plu., 
 
 nobles, D. 55. 
 e]>-f j'nde, adj . , easy to find, visible, 
 
 Ex. 579. 
 
 P. 
 
 facen, -es, st. n., deceit, fraud, 
 evil, injustice, to facue, D. 222. 
 
 facne, adv., deceitfully, wickedly, 
 Ex. 150. Also very, greatly; 
 eidj., wicked, deceitful, tcorthless. 
 
 faec, -es, st. n., period of time, a 
 space, D. 682, M. 295 {a). 
 
 f^cne, see facne. 
 
 faeder, -es, st. m. (indec), in 
 sing., father, Ex. 29, D. 10. 
 beorht fa;der (God), Ex. 414, 
 (Abraham), Ex. 353. An in- 
 terpolated poem begins here. 
 
 faeder-aJ>elo, st. n. plu., ancestry, 
 paternnl honor, origin, Ex. 361. 
 
 faeder-cyn(n), -es, st. n., fore- 
 fathers, generation of one's 
 fathers, Ex. 559. Also fajde- 
 ren-cyn. 
 
 f^ge, adj., unhappy, accursed, 
 doomed, (dead) , devoted to death. 
 fsege = the doomed, Ex. 481. 
 
 faegum stsstn\im = with its dead 
 bodies, Ex. 462. 
 
 faeg(e)r, adj.,/a?V, beautiful, joy- 
 ous, melodious. on faegerne 
 sweg = with melodious sound, 
 Ex. 566. 
 
 ftegere, adv., beautifully, gently, 
 well, Ex. 297, D. 498. 
 
 f&r, -es, St. m., sudden danger, 
 fright, peril, evil, Ex. 452, D. 
 592. Also, used as a prefix. 
 
 f^r-bryne, -es, st. m., great heat, 
 terrible fire. wil> f£er-bryue = 
 against great heat, Ex. 72. 
 
 f^r-gryre, -es, st. m., sudden ter- 
 ror, horror, D. 463. 
 
 f&r-spell, -es, st. n., sudden, tin- 
 expected tidings, Ex. 135. 
 
 f^r-wundor, -es, st. n., sudden 
 xoonder, gen. plu., Ex. 279. 
 
 faest, adj., firm, fast, steadfast, 
 Ex. 422, 536, D. 312. = fajstne 
 (ace.), Ex. 140. 
 
 faestan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to fasten, make firm. 
 
 faestan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to fast, abstain, D. 592. 
 
 faeste, adv., fast, firmly, fa^ste 
 mid folmum, Ex. 407. , 
 
 faesten, -es, st. n., a fastness, cas- 
 tle, fortress, city, captivity, Ex. 
 49 ; gen. plu., Ex. 56. 
 
 faestlic, ad]., fast, firm, D. 586. 
 
 faej»m, -es, st. m., grasp, sicay, 
 embrace, j)ossession, D. 234. 
 
 fah, adj., proscribed, unfriendly, 
 hostile, guilty, Ex. 475. Also, 
 fag- 
 
 famgian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to foam, boil, Ex. 481. 
 
 famig, Si6.y, foamy, foaming, Ex. 
 287. 
 
 famig-bSsni, ady, foamy-bosomed, 
 the sea, Ex. 493.
 
 94 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 fana, -an, \vk. m.,flaf/, standard, 
 
 Ex. 248. 
 famlian, ode (edo), od, wk. v., 
 
 S. 2, M. 6, to try, test, prove, D. 
 
 455. 
 faran, for, faren, St. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 4, to move, go, travel, proceed, 
 ride, sail, etc., Ex. 48, D. 41. 
 Expresses any form of move- 
 ment to and fro. 
 
 Farabn, -es, st. m., Pharaoh, Ex. 
 
 14. 
 faru, -e, st. f., a journey, march, 
 
 an army, expedition. \>as fare = 
 
 this army, Ex. 554. 
 fealdan, fe'old, f(e)alden, st. v., 
 
 5, 1, M. 5, to fold, surround, 
 conceal. 
 
 fea(w), adj. indec. (dat. um), 
 feio, little, D. 326; adv., little, 
 few. 
 
 feax, -es, st. n., hair, D. 438. 
 
 fela, indec. noun and adj. and 
 adv., much, many, very, Ex. 10, 
 D. 15. 
 
 feld, -es, St. m., a field, plain, 
 country, Ex. 287, D. 170. 
 
 feld-hus, -es, st. u., a field-house, 
 tent, Ex. 85. 
 
 feng, -es, st. m., grasp, hold, han- 
 dle, gar-beames feng = the han- 
 dle of the sword, Ex. 246. 
 
 feo(h), -OS, St. n., irreg., cattle, 
 herd, property, money, D. 66. 
 
 fe'bgau, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to hate. 
 
 feohan, feah, fegen, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to rejoice, enjoy one's self. 
 
 feoh-sceat, -es, st. m treasure, 
 money, D. 744. 
 
 fe^on, see feohan. 
 
 febn, see fe'bgan. 
 
 feond, -es, st. m., an enemy, a 
 foe, Ex. 22, D. 345. 
 
 feor, adv., far, far aimy. neah 
 and feor, Ex. 381. 
 
 feor(h), -es, st. ra. and n., life, 
 living principle, living being, 
 man. feores f rof re = consola- 
 tion of his life, Ex. 404; to wi- 
 dan feore =/o?- life eternal, Ex. 
 547 ; be feore daede — on pain 
 of death, D. 101 ; o^-keded li«f- 
 don feorh = had escaped xoith 
 their lives, Ex. 570, D. 15, M. 
 301 (a). 
 
 feorh-bana, -an, wk. m., destroy- 
 er of life, murderer, Ex. 399. 
 
 feorh-gebeorg (gebeorh), -es, 
 St. n., life's protection, refuge, 
 Ex. 369. 
 
 feorh-le'jin, -es, st. u., revenge for 
 blood, life recompense. J^set 
 feorli-k~an, Ex. 150. 
 
 feorh -nam, -e, life's nourishment, 
 protection, preservation, D. 339, 
 507. 
 
 feorh-nere, -es, st. m., life's ref- 
 uge, safety, D. 339, 50*7. See 
 feorh-naru. 
 
 fe'brjja, num. ady, fourth, febrile 
 wic = fourth encampment, Ex. 
 133. 
 
 feran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to go, mxirch, journey, Ex. 45, 
 D.76. 
 
 fer-clam(m), -es, st. m., sudden 
 peril, dangerous straits, Ex. 119 
 (inst.). 
 
 ferh}>, -es, st. m., soid, mind, 
 heart, him ferh)' getwJefde = 
 might confuse their mind, Ex. 
 119, D. 407. 
 
 ferhj>-bana, -an, wk. m., a life- 
 destroyer, murderer, Ex. 399 
 (Cain?). 
 
 ferh}>-loca, -an, wk. m., sottl- 
 enclosure, breast, Ex. 267.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 95 
 
 ferian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 G, to bear, bring, carry, Ex. 375. 
 
 fej»a, -an, wk. m., infantry, troop, 
 line of battle, army, Ex. 225, 
 266. 
 
 fej>e-gast, -es, st. m., foot-guest, 
 visitor, Ex. 475. 
 
 fiftig, num. adj.,./?%. Ex. 229. 
 
 findaii, fand, funden, st. v., S. 
 3, M. 1, to find, find out, search, 
 visit, Ex. 189 ; flndaj>, Ex. 519, 
 D. 66. 
 
 firas, St. m. plu., men, human 
 beings, heroes, hara he manna 
 beam, iira.= of those that the sons 
 of men, of heroes, Ex. 396. 
 
 firen, adj., sinful, vicious, unnat- 
 ural, D. 592. 
 
 firen, -e, st. f., trespass, si7i, crime, 
 pain, outrage, D. 166. 
 
 fla(h), adj., crafty, deceitful, hos- 
 tile. 
 
 flan, -e, st. f., a dart, tveapon, an 
 arrow, wi^flane = against the 
 dart, Ex. 237. 
 
 flelih, see fle^on. 
 
 fleam, -es, st. m., flight, bayiish- 
 ment, D. 614. 
 
 flenian, see flyman. 
 
 fle^on, fleah, flogen, st. v., S. 7, 
 M. 3, to escape, avoid, Ex. 169, 
 203. Egypte flngon, Ex. 452. 
 
 fle'bs, see flys. 
 
 fldd, -es, St. m. and u., a flood, 
 wave, stream, sea, Ex. 462. 
 
 fl6d-blac, adj., pale with fear of 
 the vxiters, pale, Ex. 497. 
 
 fl6d-egesa, -an, wk. m., fear of 
 the waters, fear, Ex. 446. 
 
 flSd-'weard, -e, st. t., flood-guard, 
 protection against the sea. flod- 
 wearde {v:aU of waves). ^x. 493. 
 
 fl6d-weg, -es, st. m., flood-way, 
 sea, Ex. 106. 
 
 flota, -an, wk. m., sailor, ship, 
 fleet, Ex. 133, 223. flota mod- 
 gade = the fleet (men of the) 
 boldly advanced, Ex. 331. 
 
 fliigon, see fleon. 
 
 flyman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to rout, j^ut to flight. 
 
 flj's, -es, St. n., fleece, wool. 
 
 folc, -es, St. n.,folk, tribe, nation, 
 people, multitude, band of ivar- 
 riors. folc ferende = the de- 
 parting folk, Ex. 45 ; folce to 
 f rof re = /or the comfort of the 
 pteople, Ex. 88 ; folc (Egyp- 
 tians), Ex. 486; folc (Israel), 
 Ex. 566, D. 10; ham folce (Is- 
 rael), D. 64; folca selost (Is- 
 rael), Ex. 445. 
 
 folc-cuJ>, adj. and adv., xvorld- 
 famous, celebrated. folc-cuj? 
 lafe (sword of Abraham), Ex. 
 407. 
 
 folc-gesiJ>, -es, st. m., one of the 
 same country, countryman , war- 
 rior, D. 412. 
 
 folc-getael, -es, st. n., numbenng 
 of the people, number, people. 
 on folc-geta?l, Ex. 229. 
 
 folc-maegen, -es, st. n., people's 
 force, midtitude, people, Ex. 347, 
 D. 185. 
 
 folc-riht, -es, st. n., folk-right, 
 common right, dominion, Ex. 
 22. 
 
 folc-s-weot, -es, st. m., host, mul- 
 titude, folc-sweota raSst = 
 greatest of multitxules, Ex. 577. 
 
 folc-talu, -e, St. f., numbering of 
 the people, genealogy, nigoha 
 on folc-tale = ninth in descent 
 (from Noah), Ex. 379. 
 
 folc-toga, -an, wk. m., a leader 
 of the people , prince, commander, 
 Ex. 14, D. 108.
 
 96 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 foldan, see fealdan. — f olden, 
 = falden {concealed), Ex. 3G9. 
 
 folde, -an, wk. f., the earth, land, 
 field, firm ground, Ex. 428, D. 502. 
 
 folm, -e, St. f., andan, wk. t.,palm 
 of the hand, the /(rt»fZ,Ex.237,396. 
 
 fon, feng, fangen, S. 1, M 5, to 
 catch, c/rusp, receive. 
 
 for, prep. w. dat.,/o>', before, inpres- 
 ence of, sooner than, above, on 
 account of, through, beca^ise of, by 
 reason of, instead of, in accord- 
 ance tcith, as to. (a) local, Ex. 
 314, 252, 276, D. 585, 588. (b) 
 causal, for geogiU^e, Ex. 235, 
 575, D. 166, 606; for-J'£et = /or 
 that; for-l^am = because that; 
 for-J'am-l'e =/o)' (because). 
 
 f6r, see faran. 
 
 foran, adv. and prep., before, in 
 front of, forward, Ex. 172, D. 
 557. to J'e'bdne foran = in jwes- 
 ence of, D. 93. 
 
 fSran = f oron , Ex. 93. See faran . 
 
 for-baernan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to consume, burn up, de- 
 stroy, Ex. 70. for-ba3rnde = 
 would consume, Ex. 123. 
 
 for-beornan, barn,borneu (bur- 
 nen), st. v., S. 3, M. 1, to con- 
 sume, brim, D. 435. 
 
 for-brecan, braec, brocen, st. v., 
 S. 4, M. 1, to break to pieces, 
 destroy, break. 
 
 for-byrnan, see for-beornan. 
 
 fore, a.i\v., before, formerly. Also 
 adj. 
 
 fore-genga, -an, wk. m., fore- 
 runner, ancestor, herald, Ex. 
 120. (fore-gengend, -es.) 
 
 fore-mihtig, adj., most mighty, 
 omnipotent, D. 667. 
 
 fore-weall, -es, st. m., fore-ivall, 
 rampart, Ex. 297. 
 
 foreweard, see fore. 
 
 for-fOn, feng, fangen, st. v., S. 
 
 1, M. 5, to seize, arrest, take 
 aicay, D. 614. 
 
 for-geaf, sec for-gifan. 
 
 for-geald, see for-gyldan. 
 
 for-geton, see for-gitan. 
 
 for-gifan, geaf, gifan, st. v., S. 
 5, M. 1, to give, allow, forgive, 
 deliver, in teht for-geaf = to 
 deliver into keeping, Ex. 11, D. 
 478. 
 
 for-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 
 5, M. 1, to forget, neglect, Ex. 
 144. 
 
 for-gyldan, geald, golden, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to pay, reward, 
 give back, Ex. 315. 
 
 for-habban, htefde, wk. v., ir- 
 reg., to restrain, hold, avoid, 
 hold back, deny, abstain, Ex. 
 487, D 147. 
 
 forht, adj., timid, fearful, fright- 
 ened, D. 725. coinp. forlitra, 
 Ex. 259. 
 
 forliti(g)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to fear, be frightened, 
 Ex. 452. 
 
 for-l*tan, let, l&ten, st. v., S. 
 
 1, M. 5, to let, allow, release, 
 
 abandon, D. 19, 31. ane for- 
 
 Iseton = let alone. 
 forma, num. adj.,^?'s^, sup. of fore- 
 
 Aveard. 
 for-nam, see for-ninian. 
 for-ninian, nam, numeu, st. v., 
 
 S. 4, M. 1, to remove, deprive 
 
 of, Ex. 289. 
 for-sce'af, see for-scufan. 
 for-scfifan, sceaf, scofen, st. v., 
 
 S. 7, M. 3, to reject, remove, 
 
 scatter, cast down, Ex. 204. 
 forst, -es, St. m., cold, frost, D- 
 
 378.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 97 
 
 for-staudan , stud, standen, st. 
 
 v., S. 2, M. 4, to stand before, 
 prevent, xcard off, Klx. 128. 
 
 forJ>, adv., forth, hither, hence, 
 further away, continually, near, 
 in the presence of. (a) local, 
 Ex. 103, 340, 525. (/-) temporal, 
 Ex. 287, 404. 
 
 for-J>ani, see for-l>on, Ex. 507. 
 
 for>-gang, -es, st. va.., going forth, 
 advance, progress, Ex. 469. 
 
 forJ>-here, -(g)es, st. m., van of 
 an army, van, head, Ex. 225. 
 
 for-Jjon, couj. and adv., therefore, 
 on that accoiint, Ex. 187, D. 480. 
 
 for]»-weg, -es, st. m., onvjard way, 
 departure, march, journey, Ex. 
 32, 129. fus for^-weges = ready 
 for the march, Ex. 248, M. 315 
 
 *(3). 
 
 fracoJ>, adj., vile, base, impious, 
 D. 304. 
 
 fraet, see fretan. 
 
 fraet(u)we, -a, st. f. plu. orna- 
 ment, treasure, D. 711. 
 
 fram, see from, D. 526. 
 
 frea, -an, wk. m., master, lord 
 {God), Ex. 19, D. 185. 
 
 frea-gle'a-w, adj., very vnse, skil- 
 ful, D. 88. 
 
 fre'asian, ede (ade) , ed (ad) , wk. 
 v., S. 2, M. 6, to temj)t, entice, 
 question, D. 695. 
 
 free, adj., bold, rash, frecue spel, 
 Ex. 203. 
 
 freca, -an, wk. m., loolf, vmrrior, 
 hero, Ex. 217. 
 
 frecne, adv. , boldly, harshly, fierce- 
 ly, vith danger, Ex. 38; adj., 
 bold, fierce, dangerous, D. 228. 
 
 frenide, adj., foreign, strange, 
 distant, D. 185. 
 
 fremman, de, ed. wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to do, make, help, support. 
 
 keep, further, commit. I). 106, 
 Ex.146, (frernian.) 
 
 fre'c, adj., free-born, free, icell- 
 burn. 
 
 fre'c, St. f. , mistress, lady. 
 
 freo, -OS, St. m., a freeman, man. 
 frcbs, D. 66. 
 
 freb-bearn, -es, st. n., a free-born 
 child, noble child or descendant, 
 Ex. 445, D. 239. 
 
 fre"o-brOJ»or, -or, st. m. irreg., an 
 own brother, Ex. 338. 
 
 frcoh, adj., see fre^o. 
 
 freom, adj., strong, firm, mighty, 
 Ex. 14. 
 
 fre'b-niBeg, -es, st. m., a relative, 
 kinsman, Ex. 355. 
 
 freo]»o-w^r, -e, st. f., a covenant, 
 an agreement of peace, Ex. 306. 
 
 freoJ»u(o), -e, st. f., peace, se- 
 curity, favor, freedom, Ex. 422, 
 D. 222." 
 
 fretan, fraet, freten, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to eat, consume, break. 
 ware f rffiton = broke the com- 
 pact, Ex. 147. 
 
 fri, see freoh. 
 
 fricgan, frseg, frigen, st. v., S. 
 5, M. 1, to ask, inquire into, 
 learn, find out, Ex. 1, D. 329. 
 
 frignan, fra?gn, friignen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to ask, learn by ask- 
 ing, learn, D. 122, .528. 
 
 frinan, fran, frunen, st. v., S. 
 3, M. 1, to ask, inquire, ascer- 
 tain. 
 
 frij», -es, St. m. and n., peace, 
 safety, protection, D. 64, 214. 
 
 frSd, adj., xcise, prudent, experi- 
 enced, Ex. 29, D. 667. 
 
 frOfor, -e, st. f., solace, comfort, 
 Ex. 88, D. 339. 
 
 from, &([]., firm, bold, brave, skil- 
 ful, Ex. 54.
 
 98 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 from, prep., from, Ex. 378, D. 
 2()7. (fram.) 
 
 fruiiia, -an, wk. m., beginning. 
 on fruman -- at first, D. ;?.5. 
 
 fruiii-bearn, -es, st. n.,first-J>(jrn, 
 Ex. ;58, 338. 
 
 fruin-cnebw, -es, st. n.,fi7-st gen- 
 eration, progenitor, parent, Ex. 
 371. 
 
 frum-cyn, -es, st. n., ancestry, 
 descent, family, Ex. 861, D. 317. 
 (fvom-cyn.) 
 
 fruiii-gar, -es, st. m., clwf, no- 
 ble. I'fi frnm-garas, D. 101. 
 
 frum-sceaft, -e, st. f., first cre- 
 ation, beginning, creature, Ex. 
 274. 
 
 frum-sl^p, -e, st. f., first sleep, 
 D. 108. 
 
 frum-sprgfec, -e, st. f ., first saying, 
 former speech, promise, D. 326. 
 
 frym>, -es aud -e, st. m. and f., 
 origin, commencement, first- 
 fruits, D. 35. 
 
 fugel, -es, St. m., fowl, bird, D. 
 507. Also, fugol. 
 
 fiil(l), adj., full, filled, complete, 
 Ex. -150. Also adv., fully. 
 
 ful, &(\j.,foul, unclean, vile. 
 
 ful-l^st, -es, St. m., help, support, 
 Ex. 554. 
 
 furjjor, adv., forth, comp. of for^. 
 
 fus, adj., ready, quick, forward, 
 ready (to die), Ex. 103, etc.; 
 adv., suddenly, Ex. 129. 
 
 fyll, -es, St. m. , fall , decay , slaugh- 
 ter, ruin, Ex. 167. 
 
 fyllan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to fill, finish, fxilfil, D. 326. 
 
 fyllan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 0, 
 to fell, destroy, cut down. Also 
 fellan. 
 
 fyr, -es, st. n.,fire,Jiame, Ex. 93, 
 D. 214. 
 
 fyrd, -e, st. f ., army, camp, Ex. 54. 
 fyrd-getruin, -es, st. n., battle- 
 
 (trray, host, company, Ex. 103. 
 fyrd-leoJ>, -es, st. n., army-song, 
 
 Ex. 577. 
 fyrd-wic,-es, st. n.,camp, encamp- 
 ment, Ex. 129. 
 fyren, ad]. , fiery , flaming , Ex. 120. 
 fyren-d&d, -e, st. f ., an evil deed, 
 
 sin, evil. 
 fyr-lig, -es, st. n., fire-flame, fire, 
 
 flame. 
 fyrmest, sup. of fore>veard, first, 
 
 foremost, Ex. 310. 
 fyrn-dagas, st. m. plu., days of 
 
 old, of yore, former days, Ex. 
 
 559, D. 317. 
 fyrst, adj., sup. of foreweard, 
 
 Ex. 399. 
 fyrst, -es, st. m., portion of time, 
 
 delay, space, respite. on ham 
 
 fyrste = «< the time, Ex. 189; 
 
 niht-langne fyrst, Ex. 208. 
 fyrst-niearc, -e, st. f., a space, 
 
 period, D. 560. 
 
 G. 
 
 g&d, -es, St. n., loant, need, haet 
 J>am gad ne wsere, D. 102. (gild.) 
 
 gaedeling, -es, st. m., companion, 
 comrade, relation, D. 422. 
 
 gaers, see graes. 
 
 g^st, see gast. 
 
 galan, gol, galen, st. v., S. 2, M. 
 4, to sing, call, cry aloud, re- 
 sound, liraifen gol, Ex. 162 ; 
 fyrd-le'ch golou, Ex. 577. 
 
 gamel, adj., old, gray ; plu., late, 
 (ancestors), Ex. 240. 
 
 gamol, see gamel. 
 
 gan, e^ode, ge-gan, wk. v., irreg., 
 to go, walk, come, happen, Ex. 
 310. rsed fox\> gsej', Ex. 525, D. 
 158.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 99 
 
 gang, -cs, St. m., a r/oiiifj, an ex- 
 pedition, a course, moving, an 
 attack. \>uTh gromra gang, I). 
 51, 2G3. 
 
 gangau, gong, gangen, st. v., S. 
 1, M. 5, to go, loaJk, come, hap- 
 pen, march, D. 151. 
 
 g^r, -es, St. m., spear, arrow, dart, 
 javelin, guras trymedon, Ex. 
 1.50. 
 
 gar-beam, -es, St. m., sjyxir-shaft, 
 beam, Ex. 246. 
 
 gar-berend, -es, st. m., (part.), 
 spear-bearer or bearing, warrior, 
 Ex. 231. 
 
 gar-faru, -e, st. f., spear-hearing 
 host, host, of er gar-fare, Ex. 343. 
 
 gar-he'tip, -es, st. m., spear-heap, 
 spearmen, army, Ex. 321. 
 
 gar-secg, -es, st. m., sea, ocean, 
 Ex. 281. gar-secg weclcle = the 
 sea raged, Ex. 489. gar-secges 
 gin, Ex. 430. 
 
 gar-wudu, -a, st. m., spear-wood, 
 lance, spear, Ex. 325. 
 
 gast, -es, St. m., ghost, breatli, 
 spirit, soul, Ex. 544, D. 480. 
 balig gast, D. 21; gastas=h'i'- 
 ing beings, 'Ex. HJ. lialigegas- 
 ta,s = holy men, prophets, D. 2G, 
 {Holy Ghost) Ex. 524. 
 
 ge, see J»u. 
 
 gealh-mOd, adj., wroth, furious, 
 sad, D. 230. 
 
 ge(a)re, adv., very well, Ex. 291. 
 
 gearu(o), adj. and adv., ready, 
 prompt, promptly, D. 128, M. 
 251 (1). 
 
 gearwe, adv., quickly, readily, 
 Ex. 59, 193. 
 
 ge-bad, see ge-bidan. 
 
 ge-b&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. G, to force, compel, drive, 
 overcome, persuade, D. 202. 
 
 ge-belid, see ge-be'bdan. 
 ge-bed, -es, st. n., prayer, pieti- 
 
 tion, D. 191. 
 ge-bcodan, belid, boden, st. v., 
 
 5, 7, M. 3, order, hid, direct, 
 surrender, show, offer, threaten, 
 Ex. 191, D. 223. 
 
 ge-beorgan, bearg(h), borgen, 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to save, spare, 
 protect, xcard off, (avoid), D. 
 475. 
 
 ge-bidan, bad, blden, st. v., S. 
 
 6, M. 2, to await, bide, remain, 
 expect, experience, find, ge-bi- 
 den haifdon, Ex. 238. 
 
 ge-biden, see ge-bidan. 
 ge-bindan, band, bunden, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to bind, tie, fetter, D. 
 
 519. 
 ge-blandan, blend, blanden, st. 
 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to blend, mingle, 
 
 disturb, mix, exchange, pollute. 
 
 heolfre ge-blanden = polluted 
 
 toith blood, Ex. 476. 
 ge-bletsian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to bless, consecrate, D. 
 
 363. (ge-bletsigan.) 
 ge-bohte, see ge-byegan. 
 ge-byogan, bohte, boht, wk. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. 6, to buy, procure, sat- 
 isfy, Ex. 151. 
 ge-ce'bsan, ce'as, coren, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to choose, select, (cnth- 
 tas) . . . ge-corene= chosen, D. 
 92. 
 
 ge-cwej>an, cwaej?, cweden, st. 
 v., S. 5, M. 1, to say, speak, D. 
 200, 561. 
 
 ge-cynde, adj., belonging by birth, 
 natural right, natxiral. him ge- 
 cynde wses = by natural right 
 was, D. 3. 
 
 ge-eyj>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to make known, reveal.
 
 100 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 proclaim, Ex. 400, 21)2. ge-cy- 
 |>ed, Ex. 410, 1). li;J. 
 
 ge-(lS;lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 0, to divide, distribute, sepa- 
 rate, Ex. 70, 207. 
 
 ge-deman, dc, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to judge, deem, consider, 
 decide, decree, dom ge-demed 
 — judgment decreed, D. 245,655. 
 
 ge-dOn, dide, wk. v., irreg., to 
 do, act, mah-e, cause, D. 168. 
 
 ge-drencan, te, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to drown. ddah-e ge- 
 <\YencQ6. = drowned in death, Ex. 
 34. 
 
 ge-dreme, see ge-drj^ine. 
 
 ge-dre'bsan, dresis, droren, .st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to fall, sink, perish. 
 call ge-dre'as, Ex. 499. 
 
 ge-driht, -e, St. f., host, midtititde. 
 eorla ge-driht, Ex. 304, D. 22. 
 
 ge-dryine, adj., joyous, cheerful. 
 sup. ge-drymost, Ex. 79. 
 
 ge-dwola, -an, wk. m., error, 
 ffuile, godlessness, sin. in ge- 
 dwolan = iyi error (sin) , D. 22. 
 
 ge-eglan, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to injure, afflict, D. 344. 
 
 ge-faran, for, faren, st. v., S. 2, 
 M. 4, to go, come, march, move. 
 J'set werod ge-for, D. 44. 
 
 ge-feallan, fe'bl(l), feallen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to fall down, to fall, 
 come upon, overwhelm, reach, 
 Ex. 482. ge-fe'bl= overichelmed, 
 Ex. 491. 
 
 ge-feohan, feali, fegen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. 1, to enjoy, delight in. 
 life ge-fegon — delighted in life, 
 Ex. 569. (ge-fe^n.) 
 
 ge-fe'bn, see ge-feohan, D. 268. 
 ge-fPran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1., M. 
 
 6, to go, come, advance, Ex. 
 286. 
 
 ge-feterian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to fetter, bind, fsestc 
 gc-f etcrod —fast-bound, Ex. 469. 
 
 ge-fihan, sec ge-feohan. 
 
 ge-flyiiian, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to expel, rout, banish, D. 
 261. 
 
 ge-fra;ge, -es, st. n., informatiim. 
 knowledge by asking, mine ge- 
 frajge — «.s' / have learned (by 
 asking), Ex. 368. So in B. 
 
 ge-fr55ge, adj., famous, widely 
 known, sup. ge-frsegost, Ex. 
 394; (notoriou.^),jy. 30i. 
 
 ge-f raegn , sec ge-frignan, D. 459, 
 739. 
 
 ge-frecnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to corrupt, make evil, 
 cruel. D. 184. 
 
 ge-freinnian, de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to do, work, execute, 
 further. 
 
 ge-fricgan, fraeg, frigen, st. v., 
 S. 5, M. 1, to learn, learn by 
 asking, hear of, Ex. 1, D. 1, 57, 
 459, 739, M. 199. 
 
 ge-frigen, see ge-fricgan. 
 
 ge-frignan, fraegn, frugnen, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to learn by ask- 
 ing, hear, learn, Ex. 98, 285. 
 
 ge-frinan, fran, frunen, st. v., 
 
 5. 3, M. 2, to hear of, learn by 
 asking, Ex. 388, D. 235. 
 
 ge-frunen, see ge-frinan. 
 ge-fyllan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. 6, to fell, slay, Ex. 38. 
 ge-fyllan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. 6, to fill, fulfil. 
 ge-fysan, de, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to hasten, urge on, Ex. 54, 
 221. 
 
 ge-gan, e'bde, wk. v. irreg., to 
 go, practise, conquer, pass, Ex. 
 246.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 101 
 
 ge-gledan, de, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, 
 M. (), to kindlp, Urjhten, make hot. 
 
 gegniinga, adv., openhj, plainly, 
 straightway, D. 212. 
 
 ge-griiid, -es, st. n., ruhbing, 
 crash, commotion, Ex. 330. 
 
 ge-hat, -es, st. n., a voio, promise. 
 
 ge-hatan, het, haten, st. v., S. 1, 
 M. 5, to vovj, promise, Ex. 557, 
 1). 31(;. 
 
 ge-healdaii, hebld, healden, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to hold, maintain, 
 possess, keep faithfully, observe. 
 gif ge ge-lioaldah = if ye oh- 
 serve, Ex. 5 GO. 
 
 ge-higd, see ge-hygd. 
 
 ge-hladan, Mod, hladen, St. v., 
 S. 2, M. 4, to load, j~ilace tipon. 
 ge-lilodon him = loaded them- 
 selves, T>. G5. 
 
 ge-(h)nipan, see ge-nipan. 
 
 ge-l^^va, adj. pro., each, every, Ex. 
 4, 6; on healfa ge-hwara = on 
 each side, Ex. 209, 227. Also 
 each one, every one, fe'bnda ge- 
 hwone, Ex. 5G1 ; burga ge- 
 hwone, D. G5, M. 136 (5) («). 
 
 ge-h\vcorfan, liAvearf, liAvorfen, 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to turn, change, 
 return, xvander, go over, D. 109, 
 254. " . 
 
 ge-hwilc, adj. pro., each, every, 
 each one, lohoever, whatever, 
 Ex. 187. cista ge-liwilc, Ex. 
 230, D. 3G4. 
 
 ge-hwylc, see ge-hwilc. yfela 
 ge-liwj'lces = every evil, Ex. 537. 
 
 ge-hycgan, liogode, liogod, wk. 
 v., S. 1, M. G, to consider, re- 
 flect, regard, D. 58G. 
 
 ge-hygd, -es, st. n.,(e. i.), thought, 
 reflection, counsel, secan ge- 
 liygdum = to ascertain by reflec- 
 tion, D. 49, 732. 
 
 ge-hyld, -es, st. n., custody, pro- 
 tection, in ge-liyld = in custody, 
 Ex. 382. 
 
 ge-hyran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 G, to hear, heed, obey, perceive. 
 gc-hyrdon = ge-hyrden, Ex. 255. 
 ge-liyrdon, Ex. 307. 
 
 ge-lad, -es, st. n., way, path, 
 course, Ex. 58, 313, M. 295 («). 
 
 ge-lad, see ge-lsij>. 
 
 ge-lieddan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. G, to lead, bring, conduct, 
 Ex. 62, D. 68. 
 
 ge-l&stan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to follow out, execute, ob- 
 serve, remain, nu ge-laistan = 
 now execute, Ex. 557, D. 219. 
 
 ge-laj>, adj., hostile. As noun, 
 ge-lal'C, Ex. 206. 
 
 ge-leafa, -an, wk. va., faith, trust, 
 belief, assent, D. 643. 
 
 ge-lie, adj., like, similar, equal, 
 D. 510. 
 
 ge-limpan, lamp, lumpen, st. v., 
 
 5. 3, M. 1, to befall, happen, 
 succeed, D. 114. 
 
 ge-lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to grant, concede, permit, be- 
 lieve, ge-lyfed = granted, Ex. 
 555 ; ge-lyfde, D. 447 ; ge-lyf- 
 don, D. 28, 58. 
 
 ge-m&ne, adj., common, in com- 
 mon, general, mutual, D. 362. 
 
 ge-m^re, -es, st. n., border, limit. 
 
 ge-m&(t)tan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to dream, D. 122, 157, 
 M. 290 (c). 
 
 ge-met, -es, st. n., limit, bounds, 
 end, measure, D. 250. 
 
 ge-met, adj., meet, good, becom- 
 ing, D. 492. 
 
 ge-mengan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to mix, mingle, unite, D. 
 184.
 
 102 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 ge-munan, de, ed, prct. pres., 
 to remember', recall, consider, 
 think of, Ex. 220, D. 85, 119. 
 
 ge-mynd, -es, st. n., also e. f., 
 thought, mind, remembrance, D. 
 630. 
 
 ge-myndig, adj., mindful, heed- 
 ful, raida ge-myndig = mindful 
 of counsels, Ex. 518. 
 
 ge-inyndg(i)an, ode, od, wk. v., 
 S. 2, M. 6, to be mindful of, D. 
 571. 
 
 ge-myntan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to intend, resolve, be mind- 
 ful of. ge-mynted, Ex. 197. 
 
 gen, adv., again, once more, Ex. 
 289. 
 
 ge-n&gan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to assail, oppress, offer, 
 subdue, Ex. 130, 1G9. 
 
 ge-napan, ne'bp, nsipen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to attack, come tipon, 
 overichelm, Ex. 475. 
 
 ge-nerian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. G, to save, redeem, protect, D. 
 234, 448. 
 
 ge-nej>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to dare, venttire, Ex. 68, 
 570. 
 
 geng, see geong, D. 102. 
 
 geiigan, gengde, wk. v. iri'eg., 
 to go. 
 
 ge-niman, nam, nuinen, st. v., 
 
 5. 4, M. 1, to take, seize, take 
 hold of. ge-nam mid folmum 
 = seized with hands, D. 707, 710. 
 
 ge-nipan, nSp, nipen, st. v., S. 
 
 6, M. 2, to grow dark, cover 
 over, come upon, {overcome). 
 him . . . ge-nap = came upoti 
 them, Ex. 454. 
 
 ge-ni^vian, ode (ade), od (ad), 
 wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, to renew, Ex. 
 85. 
 
 ge-nydan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. 6, to force, compel. 
 
 gebc, -e, St. f., 7ielp, support, 
 safety, consolation, D. 233. 
 
 ge'bcian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to help, strengthen, com- 
 fort, D. 292. 
 
 ge'bcor, adj., sad, bitter, dire, 
 brave, D. 617. 
 
 geocre, adv., harshly, severely, 
 angrily, sup. D. 211. 
 
 geofon, -es, st. u., sea, ocean, Ex. 
 580. 
 
 geoguj?, -e, St. f., youth, state of 
 yoiith, young persons, (men), 
 Ex. 235, D. 81. 
 
 ge'binor, adj., sad, gloomy, trou- 
 bled, Ex. 430, 447. 
 
 geond, prep., beyond, through, 
 among, along, over, throughout, 
 as far as, D. 80, 301. 
 
 geond-sawan, se^ow, sawen, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to SOU) abroad, 
 scatter, spread, D. 278. 
 
 geong, adj., young, D. 434. 
 
 georn, adj., eager, desirous, dili- 
 gent, seeking, D. 45, 95. -lice. 
 
 georne, a.(\v.,zealoicsly, carefully, 
 willingly, Ex. 177, D. 739. 
 
 ge-r^de, -es, st. n., equipment, 
 trapinngs, D. 699. 
 
 gere, adv., very toell, thoroughly, 
 Ex. 33, 291. Cf. geare. 
 
 ge-rec(e)nian, ode, od, wk. v., 
 S. 2, M. 6, to explain, make 
 clear, (run bi)') ge-recenod = 
 made plain, Ex. 525. 
 
 ge-refa, -an, wk. m., king's offi- 
 cer, officer, prefect, D. 79. 
 
 ge-regnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to arrange, set in order, 
 prejyare, provide. 
 
 ge-riman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to count, compute, Ex. 439,
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 103 
 
 ge-ri(y)sne, -es, st. n., lohat is 
 proper, convenient, D. 420. Also 
 adj. 
 
 ge-rume, adj., roomy, spacious, 
 ample, D. 291. 
 
 Gerusalem, f., irrcg., Jerusalem. 
 
 ge-ryman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to make room, spread open. 
 Ex, 284. 
 
 ge-ryne, -es, st. n., a secret, mys- 
 tery, vjonder, D. U9, 723. 
 
 ge-saegde, see ge-secgan. 
 
 ge-sielaii, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. G, to bind, D. 521. 
 
 ge-s&lan, de, ed, wk. v., S. I,M. 
 6, to happen, occur happily, ef- 
 fect, him ge-S£elde, Ex. 31C. 
 
 ge-samnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to assemble, summon, 
 collect, D. 52. 
 
 ge-sawon, see ge-se'bn. 
 
 ge-sc(e)adan, scetb)d, scaden 
 (sceaden), st. v., S. 1, M. 5, to 
 separate, cut off, deprive, feore 
 ge-sce'bdou = deprived of life, D. 
 15. Also, to decide, hilde ge- 
 sceadan, Ex. 504. 
 
 ge-sceaft, -e, st. f., creature, crea- 
 tion, fate, destiny, decree, D. 160. 
 
 ge-sceaj»aii, so(e)od, sceaj>en, st. 
 v., S. 2, M. 4, to injure, over- 
 whelm, Ex. 488, D. 15, 490. Also 
 ge-sceh^an, -scod-, S. 2, M. 4. 
 
 ge-sceon, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. G, to occur, assign, allot (by 
 fate), D. G20, Ex. 50G. 
 
 ge-scraf, see ge-sorifan. 
 
 ge-scrifan, scrftf, scrifen, st. v., 
 S. 6, M. 2, ^0 assign, impose 
 upon, Ex. 139. 
 
 ge-scyldau, do, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to shield, defend, Ex. 72, 
 D. 458. 
 
 ge-seah, see ge-se'bn. 
 
 ge-sealde, see ge-syllan. 
 
 ge-secgan, saegde, saegd, wk. v 
 irreg., to say, tell, declare, ex- 
 plain, Ex. 24, 437. 
 
 ge-sellan, see ge-syllan, D. 533. 
 
 ge-settan, te, ed, wk. y., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to set, place, arrange, mark 
 out, Ex. 27, D. G41. 
 
 ge-seon, seah, sewen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. \,to see, look, discern, Ex. 
 83, D. 22. 
 
 ge-sej»an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 G, to affirm, verify. 
 
 gesige-faest, adj., victorious, D. 
 288. 
 
 ge-sihj», -e, st. f. , sight, face, vis- 
 ion, appearance. 
 
 gesine, adj., deprived of, without. 
 we gesine ne syn = toe may not 
 be dep>rived of, Ex. 528. 
 
 ge-sittan, saet, seten, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to sit dozen, settle, inhabit, 
 possess. In pres. plu. has a 
 future sense, Ex. 442. 
 
 ge-sij>, -es, st. m., a follower, com- 
 panion, D. GG2. 
 
 ge-slelin, sloh, slegen, st. v., S. 
 2, M. 4, to slay, kill, strike, con- 
 quer, leap up, D. 249. 
 
 ge-spannan, speon, span(n)en, 
 St. v., S. 1, M. 5, to join, fasten, 
 stretch, attack, Ex. 174. 
 
 ge-spe^on, see ge-spannan. 
 
 ge-sprecan, spraec, sprecen, st. 
 v., S. 5, M. 1, to tell, speak, D. 594. 
 
 ge-standan, stod, standen, st. 
 v., S. 2, M. 4, to stand attack, 
 press on, oppose, Ex. 303. 
 
 ge-stepan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to raise, erect, Ex. 297. 
 
 ge-stigan, stah, stigen, st. v., S. 
 
 6, M. 2, to ascend, rise, reach. 
 grund ge-stah = reached the bot- 
 tom, Ex. 502.
 
 104 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 go-stillan, do, cd, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. r., to stiU, restrain, Ex. 254. 
 
 ge-stod, set' ge-staiidan. 
 
 ge-strebii, -cs, st. ii., treasure, 
 riches, Ex. r,S7, 1). (W. (m. 
 
 ge-strudan, stread, stroden, st. 
 v., S. 7, M. 3, <o ravage, de- 
 spoil, plunder, ge-strndan ge- 
 strebna = plundered the treas- 
 7n-cs, D. 01; (ge-strudan = ge- 
 stnulon) . 
 
 ge-SAvelgan, s^vealh, s%volgen, 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to swalloin up, 
 devour, destroy, ge-swealli, Ex. 
 .512. 
 
 ge-sweorcan, swearc, sworcen, 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to he darkened, 
 become dark, Ex. 461. 
 
 ge-swij>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to strengthen, confirm, in- 
 vigorate, Ex. 30, D. 288. 
 
 ge-sy(i)h)>, -e, st. f., see ge-sih}>, 
 D. 273. 
 
 ge-syllan, sealde, seald, wk. v., 
 S. 1, M. G, to give, grant, deliver, 
 Ex. IG, 20. 
 
 gesyne, see gesiae. 
 
 ge-synto, -e, st. f., health, safety, 
 prosperity, fruit, Ex. 272. 
 
 ge-teald, see ge-tellan. 
 
 ge-teled, see ge-tellan. 
 
 ge-tellan, tealde, teald, wk. v., 
 S. 1, M. 6, to compute, tell, 
 count, Ex. 224. ge-teled rime 
 = computed in number, Ex. 
 372. 
 
 ge-tenge, adv., near, heavy, j'tress- 
 ing. heortau ge-tenge = ?«eor 
 the heart, Ex. 14^8, D. G29. 
 
 ge-te'bn, te'ali(g), togen, st. v., 
 
 5. 7, M. 3, to draio, Ex. 407. 
 ge-te'bn, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to appoint, design, establish, 
 D. 204. 
 
 ge-tiinbrian, ede, cd, wk. V , S. 
 
 2, M. (!, to build, erect, construct, 
 
 Ex. 3;)1. 
 ge-tijjian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. G, to grant a renuest, to grant, 
 
 VjX. 141. Ms. liere defective. 
 ge-twH'fan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. (!, to divide, distract, confiise, 
 
 Ex. 11!). 
 ge-)»ah, see ge-J>icgan and ge- 
 
 Jnhan. 
 ge-J>anc,-es, st. m.and n., thought, 
 
 thinking, mind, opinion, on ge- 
 
 bancnm = t« mind, D. 358, 530, 
 
 M. 313 («)■ 
 ge-J>eaht, -e, st. f., reflection, 
 
 counsel, consideratiou, I). 205. 
 ge-J>encan, Jjohte, }>6ht, wk. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. 0, to think, devise, re- 
 member, think itpon, D. 420. 
 ge-Jje'bn, J>eah, J>ogen, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to thrive, prosper, Ex. 
 
 143. See ge-J>ihan. 
 ge-l>icgan, l>(e)ah, }>igen, st. v., 
 
 S. 5, M. 1, to accept, receive, 
 
 take, Ex. 354. 
 ge-J>ihan, ]>ah, J>ihen, st. v., S. 
 
 G, M. 2, to groio, thrive, succeed, 
 
 Ex. 143. 
 ge-}>incan, )>uhte, }-uht, wk. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. G, to seem, appear (im- 
 
 pers.). me \>mc\> = it seems to 
 
 me (meseems). 
 ge-]>ing, -es, st. n., a council, an 
 
 assembly, a covenant, destiny, 
 
 D. 54G. ge-J)inges wyrcan = to 
 
 form an assembly, D. 4G8. 
 ge-J>oht, -es, st. m., thought, idea. 
 
 ge->ohtas, D. 18. 
 ge-wadan, wOd, ^vaden, st. v., 
 
 S.2,M. 4:,to go tluxmgh, (wade), 
 
 go, advance, press upon. Ex 
 
 462. 
 ge-wat. see ge-Avitan.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 105 
 
 ge-wealc, -es, st. n., rolling, tnas- 
 ii^y- yj'a g('-\vealc = roZ/t«</ of 
 the sea (leaves), Ex. 455. 
 
 ge-\veald, -e, st. f., poiocr, miijht, 
 rule, Ex. 20, D. (508. 
 
 ge-\veaxan, webx, weaxen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to groio, wax, in- 
 crease, D. 5(53. Also, pret. wox, 
 
 5. 2, M. 4. 
 
 ge-weimnan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to defile, injure, spoil, D. 
 240, 437. 
 
 ge-wendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to turn about, change, 
 turn. 
 
 ge-Tveor]»aii, wear}>, worden, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to become, be, 
 take place, Ex. 365, D. 471, 
 497. 
 
 ge-w^eor}>ian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to honor, adorn, make 
 worthy, ge-weor^od = adorned, 
 Ex. 580, D. 41. 
 
 gewin-daeg, -es, st. m., day of 
 battle, of labor, of sorroio, D. 
 616. 
 
 ge-windan, wand, wunden, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to wind, loind 
 about, entangle, D. 251. 
 
 ge-wita, -an, wk. m., a compan- 
 ion, icitness. 
 
 ge-witan, wat, ■witen, st. v., S. 
 
 6, M. 2, to go, depart, move, 
 come, (die), Ex. 346. forh ge- 
 wat = died, Ex. 41 ; up ge-wat 
 = c.ame up, Ex. 459, D. 441. 
 
 ge-witt, -es, st. n., mind, skill, 
 knowledge, D. 572, 628. (ge- 
 wit.) 
 
 ge-writ, -es, st. u., a writ, writ- 
 ing, book, (Scripture), on ge- 
 writura, Ex. 519. 
 
 ge-Aviin, adj., used, accustomed, 
 Ex. 473. 
 
 ge-wurj>ian, see ge-\veorJ>ian , 
 
 1). 407, 444, M. 401 (a). 
 gc-\vyrcan, Avorhte, Avorht, wk. 
 
 v., S. 1, M. 6. to work, make, do, 
 
 construct, Ex. 396, D. 604. 
 ge-wyrht, -es, st. n., a work, 
 
 deed. 
 ge-^vyrhto, indcc, d/serls, merits, 
 
 deeds, D. 444. 
 ge-AvyrJjian, see ge-vveor}>ian, 
 
 Ex. 10. 
 giddian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 6, to recite, sing, spieak, D. 
 
 728. 
 gif, conj., if, though, even if, pro- 
 vided that, tohether, Ex. 52. 
 gifan, geaf, gif en, st. v., S. 5, 
 
 M. 1, to give, grant, bestow. 
 
 wearjj wig gifeu, D. 5. 
 gifu, -e, St. f., gift, grace, favor, 
 
 D. 86. 
 gihJ>o,o-e, St. f., sorrow, care, 
 
 troidde. gilij^um healdab = in 
 
 sorrow hold, Ex. 534. (gehbu.) 
 gild, -es, St. n., reparation, re- 
 
 ward, retribution, D. 175. idol. 
 gildan, geald, golden, st. v., S. 
 
 3, M. 1, to reward, requite, re- 
 store, D. 212. (geldan.) 
 gilp, -es, St. m., boast, boasting, 
 
 vain-glory, Ex. 514, D. 599. 
 
 Also gielp. 
 gilpan, gealp, golpen, st. v., S. 
 
 3, M. 1, to boast, D. 712, 
 
 714. 
 gilp-plega, -an, see gylp-plega. 
 gin, -es, st. n., an expanse, abyss, 
 
 a chasm, Ex. 430. 
 gin-faest, adj., vast, wide, mighty. 
 
 Ex. 524. 
 ging, adj., see geong, D. 90. 
 gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, 
 
 M. I, to get, obtain. 
 glade, adv., gladly, D. 439.
 
 106 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 glade, -es, st. m., fall, fall (of 
 sun) . &r i^irule = before sunset, 
 Ex. 293. 
 
 glajd, adj., ylad. 
 
 glajd-niOd, adj., glad of mind, 
 jnijous, kind. 
 
 glcjiw, adj., wise, knowinff, hav- 
 ing knowledge of, D. 81, 743. 
 
 gleaw-in6d, adj., wise-minded, 
 jirudent, D. 448. 
 
 gled, -e, St. f.,fire, coal, D. 4G5. 
 
 gnorn, adj., sad, gloomy, gj'lp 
 wearjj gnoYnrsi = their boasting 
 became sadder, Ex. 454. 
 
 god, -cs, St. m., God; plu., idols, 
 Ex. 23, 71, 380, D. 24, 8G. hie 
 wih god wunuon = they against 
 God contended, Ex. 514. 
 
 g6d, -es, St. 11., a good, good 
 thing. 
 
 g6d, adj., good; plu., goods, ivel- 
 fare, Ex. 358, D. 11, 90, etc. 
 
 god-s^d, -es, St. n. , inety , fear of 
 God, (God's seed), D. 90. 
 
 god-spellian, -ode, od, wk. v., 
 S. 2, M. G, to X)roclaim, (to gos- 
 pel) , herald- 
 
 god-web, -es, st. ii., costly tex- 
 ture, purple cloth, purple, Ex. 
 587. 
 
 gold, -es, St. n., gold, Ex. 580, D. 
 59. 
 
 gold-faet, -es, st. n., a gold ves- 
 sel, costly vessel, D. 755. 
 
 gold-li(e)ord, -es, st. m., a treas- 
 ury, treasure, treasure of gold, 
 D. 2. 
 
 goniel, see gamel. 
 
 gr^dig, adj., greedy, covetous, de- 
 sirous, hilde grsedige = greedy 
 of battle, Ex. 162. 
 
 grfes, -es, st. n., grass, D. 557. 
 
 gr^tan, gret, gr&ten, st. v., S. 
 1, M. 5, to iveep, lament. 
 
 grain, adj., hostile, fierce, crueJ, 
 dire, Ex. 144. \>\\v\\ granira 
 IJ^ang = through the onset of the 
 enemy, T>. 51. 
 
 gram-lice, adj., fiercely, severely, 
 I). 714. 
 
 grene, Si(\]., green, Ex. 281, 312, 
 D. 518. 
 
 gretan, -te, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, to 
 greet, accost, approach, seek out, 
 take hold of, begin, Ex. 44; to 
 call, Ex. 233,= curon (chose). 
 
 grim, adj., fierce, wild, cruel, hos- 
 tile, angry, grim and gealh- 
 iiiod, d! 230, 439, 4G5. 
 
 grim-helm, -es, st. m., mark- 
 helm, visor, helmet toith visor, 
 Ex. 174, 330. 
 
 grimine, adv., cruelly, fiercely, 
 hostilely, D. 211, 227. (sup.) 
 
 grindan, grand, griinden, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to grind, rub together. 
 
 grom, see gram, D. 233. 
 
 grome, adv., fiercely, severely, D. 
 G95. 
 
 grund, -es, st. m., ground, earth, 
 bottom, Ex. 312, 502, D. 301. 
 
 grymetan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to sound, clash, rage, ecg 
 giymetode = the iveapon sounded 
 out, Ex. 408. 
 
 gryndan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 G, to be in the deep, to be deep, 
 D. 324. 
 
 gryre, -es, st. m., dread, terror, 
 fright, Ex. 20. gyllende gryre, 
 Ex. 489, D. 439. 
 
 gama, -an, wk. m., man, person, 
 being, Ex. 174, 193, (Israel) D. 
 51, 175. 
 
 gum-rice, -es, st. n., kingdom of 
 men, kingdom, earth, D. 17G. 
 
 gujj, -e, St. f., war, battle, conflict, 
 Ex. 159, 325.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 107 
 
 guj>-cyst, -e, St. f., battle host, 
 chosen host (bravery), Ex. 348. 
 
 guj»-freininend, -es, st. in. (part.) , 
 fighting one, umrrior, Ex. 231. 
 
 guV-mearc, .see guj»-niyrc. 
 
 guj>-niyrc, -e, St. f., hostile fron- 
 tier (Gr.). 
 
 Gu}>-myrce, st. plu., Ethiopians, 
 Ex. 5'J. 
 
 guJ»-J»re'at, -es, st. m., v^ar-band, 
 host, Ex. 193. 
 
 guj>-weard, -es, st. \'Q.,war-guanl, 
 leader, protector, Ex. 174. 
 
 gyfan, see gifan. 
 
 gyddian, see giddian. 
 
 gyld, see gild. 
 
 gyldan, gcald, golden, st. v., 
 
 5. 3, M. 1, to repay, restore, re- 
 ward, facne gyldan, Ex. loO. 
 
 gylden, adj., golden, Ex. 321. 
 
 gyllan, (e)de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to roar, cry, sound aloud, 
 make a loud noise, Ex. 489. 
 
 gylp, see gilp. 
 
 gylp-plega, -an, wk. m., boastful 
 S2)ear-play, loar, Ex. 280. 
 
 gyman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to keep, observe, care for. ne 
 gymdon, kept not, Ex. 140. 
 
 gyrd-wite, -es, st. n., affliction, 
 punishment by the rod, Ex. 15. 
 
 gyst-sele, -es, st. m., guest-hall, 
 banquet-hall. bysne gyst-sele 
 (the vmrld, as a present abode), 
 Ex. 534. 
 
 gyt, conj. and adv., yet, still, Ex. 
 235, 519. 
 
 H. 
 
 habban, haefde, ed(d), wk. v. 
 
 irreg., to have, keep, hold, oc- 
 cupy, possess, M. 222. As an 
 anxiliary, Ex. 1, 30, 37, 64, D. 
 * 63, 444. habban lieora hlencan 
 
 — to put on (have on) their co7-se- 
 lets, Ex. 218; hajfdon to scgne 
 = had for a sign, Ex. 319, D. 
 1G34 ; hacfdon = haifden, D. 454. 
 
 had, -es, st. m., age, rank, person, 
 condition, form, manner, tribe, 
 nature, D. 300, 371. (Eng. 
 hood.) 
 
 hajfde, see habban. 
 
 haeft, -es, st. m., fetter, captivity, 
 distress, liitf t wa;s on-sseled = 
 their captivity was over, Ex. 583, 
 D. 206, 307. Also captive, slave. 
 
 haeg-steald, -es, st. m., one of 
 high degree, leader, bachelor, Ex. 
 192, 327. 
 
 haelej^, -es, st. m., hero, ivarrior, 
 mail, Ex. 63, plu. haelet>; Ex. 
 78, 376, 388, D. 71, M. 74, 1 (a). 
 hajlel^a, D. 178, 403, 684 (Medes 
 and Persians). 
 
 h^lig, see halig. 
 
 ht'es, -e, St. i.,a command, behest. 
 haliges ha;snm= at the command 
 of the Holy One, Ex. 385. 
 
 h*tan, -te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to 
 heat, make hot. 
 
 h*tu(o), -e, St. f., heat, loarmth, 
 D. 262. 
 
 hfej), -e, St. f., heath, loaste. 
 
 hsejjen, -es, st. m., a pagan, 
 heathen, D. 153, 252. Also adj., 
 pagan, heathen, D. 71, 94. 
 
 hsej»en-cynlng, -es, st. m., king 
 of the heathen, heathen king, D. 
 54. 
 
 h*J>en-dOm, -es, st. m., heathen- 
 dom, D. 221. 
 
 h^j>en-gyld, -es, st. n., idol, idol- 
 atry, D. 207. 
 
 h^wen, adj., azure, blue, seb 
 hwwene lyft, Ex. 476. 
 
 hal, adj., whole, sound, healthy, 
 unharmed, D. 271.
 
 108 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 halig, adj., hohj, nacred, Ex. 71, 
 74. lullijic's \iirc = the tmchuKj 
 of the llohj One, Ex. 307; lia- 
 liiros luL'sum, Ex. 385, D. i)8 ; 
 hfilii^cs ii-nstas, 1). 2(1. 
 
 hals-^vurjjung, -o, .st. f., tlKUiksi- 
 (/iviny, praise for j)rosj)erU>/. 
 hand a-hofon lirils-Avur)miif^e = 
 they raised their ]i(()ids in thnnks- 
 (jiving, Ex. '>S\. 
 
 ham, -es, St. m., home, to lirime 
 = home, Ex. 4.'36. As adv., Ex. 
 507. 
 
 ham-sittende, adj. (part.), abid- 
 ing, residing, D. G87. 
 
 hand, -a, st. f., hand, Ex. 43, I). 
 722. Expresses as;ency, Imrh 
 Moyses hand, Ex. 479, i). 4. 
 
 hand-lean, -es, st. n., reward, 
 recompense, Ex. 19. 
 
 hand-plega, -an, wk. m., hand- 
 flay, contest, encounter, Ex. 
 327. 
 
 hand-rof, adj., strong-handed, fa- 
 mous for strength of hand, brave. 
 As noun, hand-rofra here, Ex. 
 247. 
 
 hand'-weorc, -es, st. n., hand- 
 xvork, u-ork. haud-weorc godes 
 {the loall of waters), Ex. 492. 
 
 har, adj., Aoar, gray, old, Ex. 118, 
 181. 
 
 hasu(o), adj., gray, ashen, taiony, 
 Ex. 284. 
 
 hat, adj., hot, burning, fervid, 
 gloioing, Ex. 71, D. 271, 281. 
 iiate, Ex. 78, M. 362 (1) ; hatan 
 lige, Ex. 122. 
 
 hat, -es, St. n., heat, fire, Ex. 78 
 (inst.). 
 
 hat, see ge-hat, D. 321. (hat = 
 hads.) 
 
 hatan, he(h)t, (heht), haten, 
 St. v., S. 1, M. 5, to order' call, 
 
 command, promise, pass, liatte 
 = to be called, named, Ex. (i3, 
 177, 1). 79, 120. het, supplied 
 after faran, 1). .">;5. 
 
 hat-M'cnde, adj., ho/, burning, 
 Ex. 74. 
 
 he, pers. pro., he (she, it). Also 
 reflexive, himself, Ex. 203, 402, 
 ]). 21 , 47. se him — he to whom, 
 Ex. 380; plu., hie, Ex. 387; 
 gen., heora, Ex. 509, (hiera) D. 
 10; hcom (dat.), Ex. 58G; ace. 
 plu., hie, Ex. 450, 498, D. 17, 
 29; used indeflnitely= they. 
 
 helif, -es, St. m., mourning, lam- 
 entation, hoaf wit'S ge-iii\vad, 
 Ex. 35. 
 
 heah, adj., /uV//i, noble, great, im- 
 portant, conip. hyrra, sup. hyhst 
 (heahst), Ex. 492, D. 383. 
 heah wses = great icas, Ex. 19 
 (liige-cr;eft) hdane = excellent, 
 D. 98. As adv., high, far up. 
 heah to heofenum, Ex. 400. 
 
 heah-burg(h), -e, st. f., a high 
 city, metropolis, D. 099. 
 
 helih-eyning, -es, st. ra., high 
 king, king of kings, lord, (God), 
 D. 408, 020. 
 
 heah-faeder, -es, st. m. , patriarch. 
 heah-f sedera sum = one of the 
 2Mtriarchs, Ex. 357. 
 
 heah-heort, adj., high-hearted, 
 proud, T>. 540. 
 
 he'ah-land, -es, st. n., highland, 
 mountain country, Ex. 385. Also 
 heah-lond. 
 
 helih-nisegen, -es, st. n., high 
 strength, poicer, virtue, D. 221. 
 
 helihst, see heah. 
 
 heah-steald, see haeg-steald. 
 
 heah-tre'bw, -e, st. f., league, 
 sacred covenant. 
 
 he'ah-J>egen, see heh-J»egn. 
 
 I
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 100 
 
 heah-J>egniing, -e, st. f., hifjh 
 servirr, ilutij, office, Ex. 9(>. 
 
 heah-Jmii^cn, adj., noble, illiis- 
 Iriuus, {Moses), Ex. 517. 
 
 healdan. hebld, healden, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to hold, hold fast, 
 support, own, occuptj, preserve, 
 protect, observe, Ex. 177. wsere 
 healdan = A'cpp the covenant, D. 
 11; gihhum healdaj' = /loZf? (in- 
 habit) with sorroio, Ex. 534, D. 
 198. (lupoid = heald, Ex. Gl?) 
 
 healf, -e, st. f., half, side, Ex. 
 209. 
 
 heall, -e, st. f., a hall, D. 719, 
 729. 
 
 hean, adj., depressed, abject, poor, 
 despised, miserable, D. 666. 
 
 heap, -es, st. m., heap, crowd, 
 band, army, assembly, Ex. 192, 
 311, D. 302. 
 
 heard, adj., hard, bold, severe, 
 durable, strong, Ex. 327. lie'arde 
 = brave, D. 94, 432. 
 
 hearde, adv., severely, D. 598. 
 
 hearg(h) , -es, st. m. , grove, wood, 
 idol, temple, (here), D. 181. 
 
 hearm, -es, st. m., harm, loss, 
 sorrow, evil, D. 458. 
 
 hearra, -an, "wk. m., lord, master, 
 D. 393. (herran.) 
 
 hea-seld, -es, st. n., a high sent, 
 throne, D. 722. 
 
 heajjo-rinc, -es, St. m., battle- 
 hero, hero, vmrrior, Ex. 241. 
 
 heajjo-wylni, -es, st. m., battle- 
 wave, deadly flame-waves, feuds, 
 Ex. 148. heabo(u), used only 
 in compounds. 
 
 hebban, hof, hafen, st. v., S. 2, 
 M. 4, to heave, raise, lift up; 
 M. 207 (d), lift up (the voice). 
 ge-f rteffn . . . hebban = learned 
 that they raised, Ex. 99, 301; 
 
 hofon hliide atcfne: ~ lifted up 
 loud voices, Ex. 574 ; hebbanne 
 = ha^bbanne (?), D- 321 = to 
 reckon. 
 
 Hebreas, plu., sec; Ebrelis. 
 
 hedan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to guard, heed, take possession 
 of, Ex. 583. 
 
 heht, see hatan. 
 
 heh-J>egii, -es, st. in., chief attend- 
 ant, superior thane (servant), 
 angel, D. 443. 
 
 hell, -e, st. f., hergas on helle = 
 hosts in hell, Ex. 46. 
 
 helm, -es, st. m., defender, cover, 
 protector (Lord), D. 16. 
 
 help, -e, St. f., help, aid, support, 
 D. 236, 293. 
 
 helpan, healp, holpen, st. v., S. 
 3, M. 1, to help, aid, assist. As 
 sub., helpendra p3i\> = j^ath of 
 the helping ones (?), Ex. 487. 
 
 helpend, -es, st. m., helper, D. 
 403. 
 
 heofon, -es (-e, -an), st. m., and 
 wk. f., heaven, Ex. 73, 426, D. 
 154, 830. 
 
 he'cfon, -e, st. f. irreg., mourning, 
 lamentation, Ex. 46. 
 
 heofon-beacen, -es, st. n., heav- 
 enly sign, token, Ex. 107. 
 
 heofon-beorht, adj., heavenly 
 bright, glorious, D. 341. 
 
 heofon-candel, -es, st. u., heav- 
 en's candle, a heavenly light, 
 sun, moon, stars, inllar of fire, 
 Ex. 115. 
 
 heofon-col, -es, st. n., heavenly 
 coal, hi'atofthe sun. brune . . . 
 hatum heofou-colum = broion 
 from the great sun-heat, Ex. 71. 
 
 heofon-cynlng, -es, st. m., king 
 of heaven (God), Ex. 410. 
 
 heofene, -an, see heofon.
 
 110 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 heofoii-fusol, -es, st. in.,foiol of 
 
 (lie ail', bird of hrnven, bird, 1). 
 
 387. 
 heofon-h<rah, adj., fuaven-hitjh, 
 
 loft!/. D. 554. 
 lieo foil -rice, -es, st. n., kingdom 
 
 of heaven, heaven, Ex. 485, 1). 
 
 12, 20. 
 heofon-steorra, -an, \vk. in., ftUir 
 
 of heaven, star, D. 321, 371. 
 heofon-torht, mX"]., heavenly bright, 
 
 (/iorious, Ex. 78. 
 heofon-tuugel, -es, st. m. and n., 
 
 star of heaven, star, siin, D. 
 
 501. 
 hc'bld, see healdan. 
 hebld, -e, st. f., lair, cave, hold. 
 heolfor, -es, st. n., blood, gore. 
 
 holm heolfre . . . spaw = the sea 
 
 sjnt gore, Ex. 449, 476. 
 heolster, see heolstor. 
 heolstor, -es, st. ii., hiding-place, 
 
 cavern, Ex. 115. 
 heorran, adv., hence, from now 
 
 on, Ex. 287. 
 heoro-faeJ>m, -es, st. m., fatal 
 
 embrace, embrace of death, lieo- 
 
 ro-fa?}'mnm = vyith his fatal 
 
 grasp, Ex. 504. 
 heor(o)t, -es, st. m., a hart, J). 
 
 574. 
 heoro-'wulf, -es, st. m., army- 
 wolf, warrior, Ex. 181. 
 heort, adj., high-minded, judicious. 
 
 D. 394. 
 heorte, -an, wk. f., heart, Ex. 
 
 148, D. 491, 570. 
 heoru-grini, adj., very savage, 
 
 fierce, cruel, D. 307. 
 heraii, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6; 
 
 see heriiin, D. 206. 
 here, -es (ges), st. m., army, 
 
 hand, host, troop(s),'Ex. 13, 107, 
 
 D. 54. See hearg. 
 
 here-blea}), adj., afraid in the 
 army, timid, cowardly, Ex. 453. 
 
 liere-byine, -an, wk. f., a tvar- 
 (rumpet, Ex. 99. 
 
 here-cist, -e, st. f., division of 
 an army, cohort, Ex. 177. Also 
 hcre-cyst. 
 
 here-fiigol, -es, st. in., army-foiol, 
 raven, vulture, Ex. 161. 
 
 here-pa(e)J>, -es, st. m. and n., 
 army-road or path, course, march. 
 wisde him . . . here-paj> = 
 pointed out the path of the army, 
 Y). 38. 
 
 here-relvf, -es, st. n., spoil, army- 
 plunder, booty, Ex. 583. 
 
 here-str^t, -e, st. f., army-road, 
 public way, Ex. 284. 
 
 here-tyina, -an, wk. m., army- 
 leader, leader, chief, D. 603. 
 
 here-J>re'at, -es, st. m., band, host, 
 company, Ex. 122, (Israel), Ex. 
 574. 
 
 liere-\visa, -an, Avk. in., leader of 
 an army, here-wisan hyn)ju = 
 insult to the chief, Ex. 323. 
 
 here-wop, -es, st. m., army-cry, 
 lament of an army, here-wopa 
 mast = the greatest of army- 
 laments, Ex. 460. 
 
 here-w6sa, -an, st. m., army- 
 leader, warrior, one fierce in 
 loar, D. 029. 
 
 hergan, see herian, D. 207. 
 
 lierige, see here, D. 181. 
 
 herian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to praise, honor, glorify, Ex. 
 575, D. 257. herige = herigen, 
 D. 377. 
 
 her(i)gean, see herian, Ex. 546, 
 D. 207. 
 
 hete, -es, st. m., hate, D. 620. 
 
 hettan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to pursue, harass, drive
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 Ill 
 
 hettend. -cs, st. m. (part.), oi- 
 emy, pursuer, Ex. 209, M. 74, 1 
 («). 
 
 hiogan, sec hycgan. 
 
 Hierusalein, -e, f., Jerusalem, 
 D. 2. 
 
 hige, -es, st. ra., mind, soul, heart. 
 nalles luge ge-hyrdon = not at 
 all did they observe the mind 
 (icill) of, Ex. 307. 
 
 hige-craeft, -es, st. m. (-e, st. f.), 
 mental power, knoioledge, wis- 
 dom, D. 98. 
 
 hige-J>ancol, adj., prudent, loise, 
 thoughtful, I). 9-i. 
 
 biht, -e, St. f. (-es, m.), hope. 
 langsumne hiht = continual 
 hope, Ex. 405. 
 
 Mid, -e, St. f., battle, combat, 
 fight, tear, Ex. 162. 
 
 hild, -es, St. m., grace, p)votection, 
 favor, on hild godes, Ex. 568. 
 
 hilde-calla, -an, wk. m., xvar- 
 herald, caller to battle, herald, 
 Ex. 252. 
 
 hilde-spell, -es, st. u., story of 
 the battle, Ex. 573. 
 
 hindan, adv., behind, from be- 
 hind, in the rear, Ex. 456. 
 
 Mne, adv., hence, away. Also 
 pro., see he. 
 
 hirde, -es, st. m., keeper, guar- 
 dian, lord, D. 199. 
 
 hlaford, -es, st. m., « lord, D. 675. 
 
 hleahtor, -es, st. m., noise, laugh- 
 ter, rejoicing. 
 
 hleahtor-sinil>, -es, st. m., laugh- 
 ter-smith (producer), causer of 
 laughter, Ex. 43. laugher. 
 
 Menca, -an, wk. m. (-e, -an, f.), 
 link, coat of mail, chain., corse- 
 let, Ex. 218*. 
 
 hleo('\v) , -es, st. xa., shade, shelter, 
 protection, Ex. 79, D. 587, 691. 
 
 hleojjor, -es, st. n., sound, voice, 
 song, oracle, joy, Ex. 417, D. 178. 
 
 hleoJ»or-CAvide, sec hIe"oJ»or- 
 cwyde. 
 
 hleoj^or-cwyde, -es, st. ni., 
 speech, saying, prophecy , revela- 
 tion, oracle, D. 155. li-cyme. 
 
 hle'bj>rian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to speak, sound, exclaim, 
 resound. 
 
 lilifi(g)an, ode (ede),od, wk. v., 
 S. 2, M. (), to rise up, tower. 
 liu }>Eer lilifedon = hoxo there 
 toivered, Ex. 89, D. 501, 613. 
 
 hligan, see hlygan. 
 
 Mud, adj., loud, Ex. 99. 
 
 Muttor, adj., bright, clear. 
 
 hlj'gan, Mah,Migen, S. 5, M. 2, 
 to call, call upon, pjraise, D. 311. 
 
 Myp, -es, St. m., a leap, D. 574. 
 
 Myst, -e, St. f., hearing, attentive 
 listening, D. 178. 
 
 hnigan, hnah, hnlgen, st. v., 
 
 5. 5, M. 2, to boio, bend, descend, 
 fall, incline. 
 
 hof, see hebban. 
 
 hogian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 6. See hycgan, D. 687. 
 hold, adj., kind, good, gracious, 
 
 dear, loyal, Ex. 19, D. 443. 
 
 J^ara he him hold ne W8es = 
 
 those loho were not friendly, D. 
 
 16. 
 holm, -es, st. m., vxUer, sea, deep, 
 
 Ex. 284. holm = f/ie deep, Ex. 
 
 449. 
 holmeg, adj., luet, misty, stormy, 
 
 Ex. 118. 
 holm-weall, -es, st. m., UKdl of 
 
 waves, sea-wall, holm weall a- 
 
 stah=^7ie sea-umll arose, Ex. 
 
 467. 
 holt, -es, St. u., a grove, wood, D. 
 
 574.
 
 112 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 honl-iuargcn, -es, st. n., a Ircas- 
 nre-hnnse, treasutij, D. G75. 
 
 liord-weard, -es, st. m., guar- 
 diau of the treasure, possessor 
 of icealth, Ex. 35, (Egyptians), 
 Ex. 511. liord-wcarda ge- 
 strebn, 1). (")."). 
 
 horn, -es, si. in., Iiarii, tnnnpi't, 
 Ex. 1<J2. 
 
 liorso. adj., toi.sv, prudent, Ex. i;5. 
 
 In-a>fii, -es, st. m., raven, Ex. 102. 
 
 hrsegl, -es, st. n., (jarment^s), 
 clothing, armor, D. 437. 
 
 hrtew, -es, ^t.n\., carcass, corpse, 
 Ex. 41. 
 
 hraj»e, adv., soon, quickly, straight- 
 waii, Ex. 501, D. 242. Conip. 
 ]). 750. 
 
 hre'ainj-es, st. m., din, noise, up- 
 roar, hreiim wsxm on yl'"'") 
 Ex. 449. 
 
 hreliw, see hr&AV. 
 
 hrecldan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 0, to rescue, deliver, D. 071. 
 
 hreman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to disquiet, D. 750. 
 
 hre'oh-mOd, adj., angry in mind, 
 enraged, sad. troubled, D. 242. 
 
 hre'bp, see hropan. 
 
 hrepan, see lirOpan. 
 
 hrej>, adj., rough, vnld, savage, 
 Ex. 310, D. 020. 
 
 hrej>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to exult over, rejoice in, Ex. 
 573. 
 
 hrejjer, -es, st. m., mind, heart, 
 inner thought, breast, Ex. 300. 
 
 hrej»er-gle{i-\v, adj . , loise, prxident, 
 Ex. 13. 
 
 hr6f, -es, st. m., top, (roof), sum- 
 mit, surface. o\> . . . lirof = up 
 to the summit of, Ex. 298, D. 239, 
 407. 
 
 hrOpaii, hr«"op, lirOpcn. st. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. 5, to call, cry out. 
 hriise, -an, wk. f., a rock, hill. 
 hryre, -es, st. ni., fall, daicnfall, 
 
 destruction, death, Ex. 35,611, 
 
 I). 071. 
 hfi, adv., hov}, ichy, wherefore, Ex. 
 
 25, 85, D. 50. = InvT, inst. of 
 
 hwiet. 
 huru, adv., yet, perhaps. 
 husl-ftet, -es, st. n., a vessel for 
 
 sacrifice (hoiiscl), D. 705. 
 huj>, -e, St. f., booty, spoil, to 
 
 lifijie = as booty, D. 05. 
 h-wa, pro. (interr. and vc\.),who, 
 
 what, to li\va;s lucg-stealdum 
 
 = to the leaders of which, Ex. 
 
 192, D. 421; hvXci. = any one, 
 
 thing. 
 hwtel, -es, st. m., whcde, D. 387. 
 hwsel, -es, st. m., icheel, circle. 
 
 on hwajl = i» a circle, Ex. 101. 
 h\va;t, see hAvsl. 
 hwfet, interj., lo ! behold! what! 
 
 indeed! Ex. 1, 278, 1). 284, M. 
 
 203 (2), 377 (1) (6), B. 1. 
 h^vai}>er, couj. and pro., ivhether, 
 
 u-hich of two, either, each. 
 h-waej>ere, adv., yet, however, D. 
 
 108, 234. 
 hAvearfian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. G, to roll on, advance, aj)- 
 
 proach, turn, wander. gu)> 
 
 hwearf ode = %mr was approach- 
 ing, Ex. 159. 
 hwe^op, see hwopan. 
 h\veorfan, hwearf, hvrorfen, st. 
 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to turn, turn one's 
 
 self, turn about, change, ivander, 
 
 (die), D. 203, 271, M. 204 (6). 
 hweorfon = liwurf on, see h-weor- 
 
 fan, D. 267. 
 hAvil, -e, st. f., uihile, interval of 
 
 time, space (of time), lytle
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 113 
 
 hwile=/o/- a short time, D. 29, 
 
 349, M.295 («). 
 hwllc, pro., (a) rel., which, which 
 
 one, icho, D. 81; (fi) indef., 
 
 some one, some, any, Ex. 438. 
 
 Also interrog. 
 h\vile, -an, wk. f., see h^vil. 
 h^vilon, adv., at times, often. 
 
 Also hwlluiii, Ex. 170. 
 hwit, adj., ichite, Ex. 301. 
 hn'onne, adv. and conj., ichen, 
 
 as long as, until, Ex. 250, 471. 
 
 hwonne ^r = xohen first. 
 hvvOpan. hn'ebp,hwOpen, st. v., 
 
 5. 1, M. 5, to cry out aloud, 
 threaten, hwe'bp ()?am herc- 
 Jji'eate) = threatened, Ex. 121, 
 447. 
 
 h\vurfan, sec h'W'eorfan, D. 110, 
 
 (partic. inf.). 
 hwylc, see h^\'ilc. 
 h\vyrfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to turn, eJianr/e, he turned, 
 loander. liwjrf e = bwjrf en, D. 
 221. 
 
 h^vJTft, -es, St. m., toay out, out- 
 let, ualiton maran hwyrft = 
 had no way out, Ex. 210, D. 322. 
 
 hycgan, hogode(ade), od, wk. 
 v., S. 1, M. G, to think, think of, 
 meditate, resolve, hope, D. 218, 
 Ex. 218. 
 
 hj'ge, -es, St. m., seehige, T>. 117. 
 
 hyge-crfpft, see hlge-craeft. 
 
 hyge-}»aiicol, see hige-J>ancol. 
 
 hyht, see hilit. 
 
 hyl(l), -es, St. m., D. 383. hill. 
 
 hyld(o), St. f ., [/race, favor, D. 293. 
 
 hynjju, see hynj>u, M. 100 («). 
 
 hyuJ»u(o)e, St. f., disgrace, humili- 
 ation, injury, Ex. 323. 
 
 hyran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to hear, obey, to subject, to heed, 
 Ex. 410, M. 170, D. 153. 
 
 hyrde, -es, st. m., guardian, prO' 
 lector, wics him byrtle (god) = 
 their protector, D. 11. 
 
 hyse, -es, st. m., youth, young 
 man, hoy, 1). 217, 231. 
 
 hysse, see hyse. 
 
 I (J). 
 
 laoob, -es, in., Jacob. 
 
 ic, pcrs. jm)., /, Ex. 98, 269, D. 
 1, 57; pin., we, Ex. 528; dat., 
 us, Ex. 529. 
 
 loan, see j'can. 
 
 in, prep. w. dat. and ace, ^■n, inio, 
 on, upon, at, during, for, toward, 
 about, (a) local : in nproder, Ex. 
 4,94, 244, 321, D. 2, 95. (/>) tem- 
 poral : in llf-dagum, Ex. 423, D. 
 103. (c) condition or manner : 
 in ge-dwolan = in the state of 
 error, 1). 22, 90; in blacum rea- 
 fum, Ex. 212. (d) additional 
 uses: in &\\t = into his posses- 
 sion, Ex. 11 ; in hfet rinc-get£el 
 = into, Ex. 234 ; in ge-liyld = 
 into his care, Ex. 382. 
 
 Inca, -an, wk. m., doubt, sitsjn- 
 cion, complaint, cause. 
 
 inca-J>e'bde = in-ge-he'cde, Ex. 
 443. 
 
 ing=ging (geong), nA]., young. 
 inge-men, Ex. 190. inge = 
 ginge (geonge). (in-gemen.) 
 
 in-ge-folc, -es, st. n., inhabitants, 
 native or home people, Ex. 142. 
 
 in-gere, adv., of old (Bosworth). 
 See in-gere. 
 
 in-ge-Jjanc, -es, st. m., inner 
 thinking, mind, thought,!). 280. 
 
 in-ge-^e'bde, u. plu., tribes, na- 
 tion, people, Ex. 443. 
 
 in-lende, adj., inland, native. 
 oht in-lende =r/e«r induced by 
 the natives, Ex. 136.
 
 114 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 innan. prep, with son. and dat., 
 
 also adv. , in, inside, into, roithin. 
 
 ))&r on innan = therein ; in Jjone 
 
 ofeu innan, I). 238; on innan — 
 
 therein, 1). 245, 25'J. Also w. 
 
 ace. 
 innc, adv., inside, into, tcithin, 
 
 hesides, D. 275. 
 Joseph, -es, m., Joseph, Ex. 587. 
 iren, see isen. 
 is, see wesan or be'bii. 
 Isaac, -es, m., Isaac. 
 Iscu, -es, St. n., iron, I). 244. 
 
 Also adj. 
 isern, -es, st. n., iron, sioord, D. 
 
 502. Also adj., made of iron, iron. 
 isern-here, -es, St. m.,iron army, 
 
 host in iron armor, Ex. 348. 
 
 (isern-heriguni.) 
 Israhel, -es, m., Israel, Ex. 198. 
 
 (Israhelas). 
 Judas, -as, irreg., ./?uZffl/(. Jndas 
 
 for, Ex. 330. 
 Jude'as, -a, m.plu., Jews, D. 708. 
 Judisc (ludisc), adj., Judaish, 
 
 of the tribe of Jiidah, Ex. 312. 
 iu, adv., once, of old, formerly, 
 
 Ex. 288. 
 iu-gelira, adv., see iu-gere. 
 iu-gere, adv., of old, formerly, 
 
 Ex. 33. 
 
 lacan, lee (le'clc), 13,cen, st. y., 
 
 5. 1, M. 5, to flicker, leaver, 
 spring, contend, lacende lig, D. 
 476. 
 
 lad-sij>, see laj»-sij>. 
 
 I&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to lead, move, conduct, Ex. 
 54, 77. Iseddon = moved, Ex. 
 194. 
 
 l^ue, adj., transient, perishable, 
 mortal, liable to destruction, 'E^s.. 
 
 2C8. laeuc drdam = transient 
 
 joy, Ex. 531. 
 liferig, -es, St. ni., rim or edge of a 
 
 shield, ofer linde lierig, Ex. 239. 
 1*8, adv. and conj., less, lest. )>y 
 
 \&H=lest that, Ex. 117. 
 iSist, -e, St. f., performance, fid- 
 
 fihnent, Ex. 308. 
 Install, te, S. 1, M. G, to execute, 
 
 follow out, continue, (last), Ex. 
 
 244. 
 l(ii)etan, let, l&ten, st. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. 5, to let, allovj, endure, leave. 
 
 gif hie nietod laite, Ex. 52, D. 
 
 56, 722. 
 laf, -e, St. f., that left, a remnant, 
 
 heritage, to lafc — as remnant, 
 
 Ex. 508. So D. 80. waipna 
 
 \Oiie= those spared in battle, D. 
 
 14; ealde lafe = the ancient 
 
 sword {as a heritage), Ex. 408. 
 lagu, -e, St. f., law. 
 lagu(o), St. m. (indec.), sea, 
 
 water, Ex. 482. 
 lagu-lad, -e, st. f., a sea-way, 
 
 voyage, jotirney. 
 lagu-land, -es, st. n., icater-del- 
 
 iiged land, Ex. 482. 
 lagu-stream, -es, st. m., sea- 
 stream, sea, ocean, D. 388. 
 
 (lago-s.) 
 land, -es, st. n., land, firm ground, 
 
 Ex. 40, D. 303. Also, territory, 
 
 dominion, country, Ex. 57, 69. 
 
 land Canaaneli, Ex. 443; plu., 
 
 Ex. GO (land). 
 land-ge-sceaft, -e, .st. f., earthly 
 
 creature or creation, mortal. 
 
 call land-ge-sceaft, D. 360. 
 land-man, -es, st. m., landman, 
 
 native inhabitant, Ex. 179. 
 land-riht, -es, st. n., land-right, 
 
 landed estate, right to estate, Ex. 
 
 354.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 115 
 
 land-weard, -es, St. m., land- 
 warden, (juardian of the shore. 
 
 lang, adj., lo7i(j, lasting. Comp. 
 lengran, Ex. 531 ; langne si}', 
 D. 68. Sup. leugcst, Ex. 423, 
 D. 573. 
 
 lange, adv., long, a long time, 
 Ex. 138. Comp. leng, Ex. 206, 
 D. 430. 
 
 langsuin, adj., long, lasting, Ex. 
 6, 405. 
 
 langung, -e, st. f., longing, de- 
 sire, D. 29. 
 
 lar, -e, st. f., teaching, counsel, 
 (lore^, exhortation, command, 
 Ex. 268, 307. witgan larum = 
 at the command or by the in- 
 struction of the prophet, Ex. 390, 
 D. 25; lare = an adv., wisely, 
 D. 661. 
 
 lS,st, -es, St. m., trace, trail, foot- 
 step, oil last = o?i the track of , 
 Ex. 167, 337. 
 
 last-weard, -es, st. ra. , pursuer , 
 persecutor, successor, heir, Ex. 
 138, (Pharaoh). J)Oiie last 
 (Isaac) , Ex. 400. 
 
 lat-)>e'b-w, -es, st. m., guide, lead- 
 er, Ex. 104. 
 
 lajj, adj., hateful, hostile, Ex. 40, 
 57. As noun=/oe, Ex. 195, 
 461. 
 
 iaj>, -es, St. n., evil, suffering, in- 
 jury, sin, D. 263, 430. 
 
 laJ>-searo(w), -es, st. n., intrigue, 
 cunning, hatefid device, D. 436. 
 
 laj»-sij>, -es, st. va.,dire or hateful 
 journey, Ex. 44. (lad-siK) 
 
 lelm, -es, st. n., recompense , retri- 
 bution, (loan), Ex. 315. debp 
 le'an=a heavy retribution, Ex. 
 506. 
 
 leas, adj., loose, free, bare, bereft, 
 D. 283, 302. 
 
 leng, see lange, D. 430, M. 124. 
 lengan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to prolong, put off, reach, D. 
 646. 
 
 le'cd, -es, st. m., prince, leader, 
 ruler, Ex. 277, D. 618. 
 
 le^od, -e, st. f., folk, people; in 
 plu., men, people, Ex. 44, 152. 
 le^ode ]nne (Israel), Ex. 444, D. 
 25. 
 
 le^od-fruma, -an, wk. m., prince 
 of the people, r%der, Ex. 354. 
 
 le'bd-hata, -an, wk. m., people- 
 hater, tyrant, despot, Ex. 40. 
 
 leod-maegen, -es, st. n., might of 
 the people, host, multitude, lebd- 
 maegue f or-stod = stood in the 
 tmy of the host, Ex. 128, 167. 
 
 le^od-soearu, -e, st. f., tribe, peo- 
 ple, nation, Ex. 337. 
 
 le'bd-scipe, -es, st. m., people, 
 nation, tribe, in le'bd-scipe = 
 among the people, Ex. 244. 
 
 le'cd-weard, -es, st. m.,guardian- 
 shi}) of the people, government, 
 territory. leod-weard = teri'i- 
 tory, Ex. 57. 
 
 le'bd-^veras, st. m. plu., men, hu- 
 man beings, Ex. 110. 
 
 leod-werod, -es, st. n., host, na- 
 tion. Isedde le^od-werod, Ex. 
 77. 
 
 le'of, adj., dear, beloved, valued. 
 le^of gode = dear to God, Ex. 
 12 ; folca le'cfost = dearest of, 
 Ex. 279; as noun, Ex. 308, D. 
 249 ; comp. lebfran = too dear, 
 Ex. 409; le'cfost, sup. (Isaac), 
 Ex. 384, (Israel), D. 37. 
 
 leofan, leaf, lofen, st. v., S. 7, 
 M. 3, to love, enjoy, choose, pre- 
 fer, D. 56. 
 
 lebgan, le'ag(h), logen, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to lie, betray, de-
 
 116 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 ceive. nalcs me sefa \€bge\>, D. 
 41G. 
 
 leolit, -es, St. n., lujht. leoht and 
 lif, Ex. 545; also adj., Uyht, 
 clear, bright, flashinr/, Ex. 90; 
 also adv., brightly, Ex. 251, D. 
 043. 
 
 leoht-fruina, -an, wk. m., creator, 
 prince of light, D. 40!). 
 
 lebma, <m, wk. m. , light, beam 
 or ray of light, Ex. 112, D.343. 
 
 leo, -on, wk. m. and f., lion, 
 lioness. 
 
 leon, -es, st. m., lion, gyldonnc 
 leon {as a standard or ensign), 
 Ex. 321. 
 
 leornlan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to learn, meditate on, 
 think out. leornedon = leorne 
 den, D. 83. 
 
 leoJ>, -es, St. u., a lay, song, poem, 
 Ex. 308. 
 
 let, see l&tan. 
 
 libban, lifde, wk. v. irreg., M. 
 6, to live, D. 107, (of Abraham), 
 Ex. 383. 
 
 lie, -es, St. n., body, D. 343, 436. 
 
 licgan, laeg, legen, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to lie, be situated, Ex. 457, 
 588. (lagon.) D. 675. perished. 
 
 lic-Avund, -e, st. f., wound, body- 
 wound, lic-wunde swor = the 
 trace of a loound, Ex. 239. 
 
 lif, -es, St. n., life, Ex. 5, 104, D. 
 300. life gefegoii = they en- 
 joyed life, Ex. 569, D. 608. 
 
 lif-daeg, -es, st. m., day of life. 
 in lif-dagiim = in his lifetime, 
 Ex. 423. 
 
 lif-fre'a, -an, wk. m., lord of life, 
 Ex. 271, D. 396. 
 
 lif-fruma, -an, wk. m., author of 
 life, life-giver, 643. 
 
 lifg(e)an, see lifigan. 
 
 llfi(g)an, leofode, od, wk. v. 
 
 iri'eg., M. 6, to live, exist, con- 
 tinue, D. 1, 326. 
 
 lifigend, adj. (part.), living, Ex. 
 264, 324. As noun, Ex. 6, 277, 
 D. 573. 
 
 lif-'weg, -es, st. m., life-path, way 
 of life, Ex. 104. 
 
 lift-weg, -es, st. m., air-vmy, Ex. 
 104(?). 
 
 lif-^vela, -an, Avk. m., life-weal, 
 tvealth, good things of life, pros- 
 perity, heavenly life, D. 56. 
 
 lig(g), -es, St. m. and n., flame, 
 fire, Ex. 110, D. 228. 
 
 lige, -es, st. m., lie. (lyge.) 
 
 liget, -es, St. n. (-e, f.), flash, 
 lightning-flash, flame, D. 380. 
 
 llge-word, see lyge- word. 
 
 lig-fj^r, -es, st. n., flame of fire, 
 fire, (sun). Ex, 77. 
 
 lignian, see lygnlan. 
 
 lihtan, see lyhtan. 
 
 limpan, lamp, lumpen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to befall, happen, 
 succeed. 
 
 lind, -e, st. f., linden, shield, lin- 
 den-shield, Ex. 239. 
 
 linde, -an, Avk. f., see lind. 
 
 linnan, lau, liinuen, st. v., S. 3, 
 M. 1, to depart, leave, be deprived 
 of, yield, desist, cease, sawlum 
 lunnon= lost their lives, Ex. 496. 
 
 liss, -e, St. f., favor, grace, kind- 
 ness, lissa bidde = pray for 
 favor (s), Ex. 271, 545. 
 
 list, -e, also -es, st. f. and m., 
 wisdom, art, skill, deceit, listiim 
 = deceitfully. 
 
 litel, see lytel. litel faec, D. 682. 
 
 lixan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to flash, shine, glitter, ebred 
 ITxan = the host glittering. Ex 
 157, lixton, Ex. 125.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 117 
 
 loc(c), -es, St. m., lock of hair, 
 
 fyrene loccas, Ex. 120. 
 loca, -an, \vk. m., lock, holt, cap- 
 tivity. 
 lOcian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 6, to look, see, behold, lucia^, 
 
 Ex. 278. 
 lof, -es, St. m. and n., ^iraKsr", D. 
 
 47G. 
 lofi(g)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 6, to 2>i'<(if^c, exalt, celebrate, 
 
 D. 373, 380. lofisje= lofigen, 
 
 D. 373, 380. 
 lufan = lufon, see leofan, D. 5(5. 
 lufe, -an, wk. f., love, D. 21. 
 lufen, -e, st. f., love, ofer ealle 
 
 luf en = contrary to all love, D. 73. 
 lufian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 6, to love, exhibit love, D. 391. 
 lust, -es, St. m.., pleastire, delight, 
 
 longing, desire, Ex. 53, D. 249. 
 lybban, lifde, wk. v. (irreg.), M. 
 
 6. See libban. 
 lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to believe. 
 lyfan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. fi, 
 
 to allow, grant. 
 lyfode= leofode, see lifi(g)an. 
 lyft, -e (-es), St. m. and'f., air, 
 
 Ex. 74. lyft up ge-swearc = the 
 
 air above greio dark, Ex. 461, 
 
 476, D. 380. 
 lyft, -es, St. n., promise, gift, grant. 
 
 lyft \xynna = grant of joys, Ex. 
 
 531. 
 lyft-edor, -es, st. m., air-region, 
 
 sky, Ex. 251. 
 lyft-helin, -es, st. m., air-helm, 
 
 cloud, mist, lyft-helme be^eaht 
 
 = covered ivith a cloud, Ex. 60. 
 lyft-lacend, part, adj., sporting in 
 
 the air, flying, D. 388. 
 lyft-wundor, -es, st. m., air-won- 
 der, meteor, Ex. 90. 
 
 lyge-word, -es, st. n., a falsehood, 
 
 hjing vord, 1). 720. 
 lygniau, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 6, to deny, U. 764. 
 lyhtan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to 
 
 flash, lighten, shine, D. 158. 
 lyst, -e, St. f., desire, love. See 
 
 lust, 
 lyt, adv., little. As noun, woruld- 
 
 dre'ama lyt = fev3 world-joys 
 
 (joys), ^x. 4:2. 
 lytel, adj., little, short. lytle 
 
 liwile= biit a short time, D. 29. 
 
 M. 
 
 ma, see mieel, more, larger, D. 
 264. 
 
 madni, see maj»ni. 
 
 inaecg, -es, st. m., see maeega. 
 
 niaecga, -an, wk m., man, D. 265. 
 
 ni&g, -es, at. m.., kinsman, relation 
 by blood, son, D. 523. his maga 
 feorh=; the lives of his kinsmen, 
 Ex. 17 ; magum, Ex. 52. 
 
 mifeg-burh, (g)e, st. f., family, 
 race, tribe, people, genealogy, na- 
 tion, Ex. 55, 352, 360. 
 
 maigen, -es, st. n., force, might, 
 bodily strength, virtue, host, army, 
 Ex. 131, 242, 245. )mrh metodes 
 nifegen, D. 4 ; modigra m«gen 
 = host of, Ex. 101. So Ex. 210, 
 226, 300, 346, D. 7. 
 
 maegen-haep, adj. as noun, vigor- 
 ous, pioiverful. 
 
 mjegen-heap, see maegen-htep. 
 to ham ma\gen-lie'apuni, Ex. 197. 
 
 maegen-rOf, adj., mighty, poiver- 
 ful, Ex. 275. 
 
 maegen-sclpe, -es, st. n., power, 
 rule, supremacy, D. 20. 
 
 maegen-}»reat, -es, st. ni., mighty 
 host, great army. maggen-lTe'a- 
 tas (the Egyptians), Ex. 512;
 
 118 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 ma?,£:en-hreat mtere (the Baby- 
 lonians), D. 45. 
 
 m}egeu-J>ryin, -es, st. m., vigor, 
 strength, mighty force, valor, Ex. 
 349. magen-ln'y™™* msest = 
 the greatest of mighty powers, 
 Ex. 540. 
 
 maegen-wisa, -an, wk. m., a lead- 
 er of forces, general, mighty 
 leader, Ex. 553. 
 
 m&g-wine, -es, st. m., hlood- 
 friend, kinsman, friend, Ex. 
 146. for Ms mteg-winum, Ex. 
 314. 
 
 m&l, -es, St. n., a meal, portion, 
 D. 575. 
 
 mMan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, 
 to speak, talk. 
 
 mseldan, see m^lan. 
 
 mfel-mete, -es, st. m., food. 
 
 inaeni(g)eo, see menigeo, D. 5. 
 
 m^re, adj., icell known, cele- 
 brated, famous, clear, bright. 
 dseg waes msere {clear), Ex. 47 ; 
 msere (famoiis) mago-reeswa, 
 Ex.102." So Ex. 349, D. 45, 105, 
 285. maest and mserost = great- 
 est and most famous, Ex. 395. 
 
 mfere-torht, adj., bright, shining, 
 Ex. 346. 
 
 m&st, see micel. 
 
 msest-rap, -es, st. m., mast-rope, 
 halyards, Ex. 82. 
 
 maet, see inetan. 
 
 m&tan, te, ed (od), wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to dream, D. 119. 
 
 m^te, adj., moderate, small, D. 
 635. 
 
 maejjel, see mej>el. 
 
 inae}>el-stede, see inej»el-stede. 
 
 mating, -e, st. f., dream, D. 141. 
 
 maga, -an, wk. m., son, young 
 man. magan (Isaac), Ex. 397, 
 413. 
 
 magan, pret. pres. meahte 
 (mihte), may, can, to be able. 
 ne . . . gestfon meahton — might 
 not see, Ex. 83, 114, 189; subj. 
 (msege), Ex. 439; pret. subj. 
 meahte, D. 50; mihte, msege^ 
 may prevail, D. 523. 
 
 mago-rfeswa, -an, wk. m., leader 
 of men, leader, Ex. 17, 55, 102. 
 (magu-.) 
 
 man(n), -es, st. m. irreg., man, 
 person, human being, Ex. 82, 
 190, D. 136 ; indef . j^onne men 
 cunnou, Ex. 373. So Ex. 395, 
 549. 
 
 man, -es, st. n., sin, badness, in- 
 justice, crime, D. 184. 
 
 man, adj., mean, bad, false, sin- 
 ful, criminal, manum trtAjwnm 
 (with false faith), Ex. 149(?), 
 334. 
 
 mS.n-bealu (o) , -wes, st. n., crime, 
 ci'uelty, hateful deed, eril deed, 
 D. 45. 
 
 man-cyn, -es, st. n., mankind, 
 men, D. 36, 635, 659. 
 
 man-dream, -es, st. m., revelry, 
 human joy, joy,!). 571. draera. 
 
 man-drihten, -es, st. m., lord of 
 men, prince, lord, D. 157, 637. 
 
 man-dryhten, see man-drihten. 
 
 man-hus, -es, st. n., house of evil, 
 abode of the hoicked, man-hus 
 ffest under foldau {hell), Ex. 
 535. 
 
 manig, adj. and noun, many, 
 many a one, Ex. 255, 488, etc., 
 D. 285. (monig.) 
 
 man-lica, -an, wk. m., man-like- 
 ness, statue, effigy, D. 174. 
 
 man-sc(e)aj»a, -an, wk. m., rob- 
 ber, sinner, wretch, malicioiis 
 foe, Ex. 37. 
 
 mara, see micel, D. 492.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 119 
 
 majjin, -es, st. m., gift, jpivel, treas- 
 ure, Ex. 143. ealde mabmas = 
 the old treasures, Ex. 585. 
 
 majun-hord, -es, St. n., treasure- 
 hnard, treasure. mal'in-hoi'da 
 (contents nf the ark) iwxst, Ex. 
 ''M',H. 
 
 ina}>uin-liord, see majjiii-liord. 
 
 me, see ic. 
 
 meagol-liee, adv ., puwerfidhj, ^vith 
 strength, e^nphasis. wilemeligol- 
 lice . . . t^can = icill poioerfiiUy 
 instruct, Ex. 527. 
 
 meaht, see iiiiht. 
 
 meahte, see inagan. 
 
 meahtig, see mihtig. 
 
 mearc, -e, St. f ., mark, district, do- 
 main, province, boundary, be'bcl 
 mearc tredan, Ex. 158. 
 
 mearc-hof, -es, st. n., place, 
 court, court-enclosure, limit, Ex. 
 61. 
 
 mearc-land, -es, st. n., border- 
 land, (march-land), Ex. 67. 
 
 mearc-lond, see mearc-land. 
 
 mearc-Jjrelit, -es, st. m., border- 
 host, army, frontier army, Ex. 
 173. 
 
 mearc-weard, -es, st. m., border 
 (march)-tcarden, forest-guard, 
 wolf, lire'bpon mearc- weardas, 
 Ex. 168. 
 
 mear(h)g, -es, st. m., horse. 
 meara bogum, Ex. 171. 
 
 mece, -es, st. m., sicord, dagger. 
 mid mece, Ex. 413, 494. 
 
 Medas, -a, plu., Medes, D. 681, 
 688. 
 
 medu-gal, adj., mad ivith mead, 
 joyous, D. 703. 
 
 meld, -e, st. f., 2)roof, announce- 
 ment, information, D. 648. 
 
 meldan, see maeldan, \vk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to speak, announce. 
 
 meltan, mealt, molten, st. v., S. 
 
 3, M. 1, to melt, dissolve, Ex. 
 484. 
 
 meni(e)o, see men(i)geo. 
 
 men(i)geo, st. f. indec, many, 
 nudtitude, host, people, Ex. 48, 
 334. Other forms exist, as 
 mengu (go, geo), menigo (ego), 
 mtiMiigo (ego, igeo, egeo), ma- 
 negn,"etc., D. 122, 145. 
 
 meodu-gal, see medu-gal. 
 
 meoring, -e, st. f., obstacle, hin- 
 drance, danger, fela meoringa 
 = xoith many dangers, Ex. 62. 
 
 me(o)tud, -es, st. m., see metod. 
 
 meoAvle, -an, wk. f., maid, girl. 
 Afrisc mebwle, Ex. 579. 
 
 mere, see m&re. 
 
 mere, -es, st. m., body of loater, 
 sea, ocean, Ex. 300. mere mod- 
 gode = the sea raged, Ex. 458. 
 
 mere-dea}>, -es, st. m., death in 
 the sea, drowning, Ex. 464, 512. 
 
 mere-flOd, -es, st. m., sea-flood, 
 ocean, Ex. 503. 
 
 mere-hvvearf, -es, st. m., sea- 
 shore, shore, Ex. 516. 
 
 mere-stream, -es, st. m., sea- 
 stream, current, vmves, Ex. 210, 
 468, D. 503. mere-stre^ames 
 mod = the violence of the waves, 
 Ex. 488. 
 
 mere-tor (r), -es, st. m., sea-tower, 
 tower, heap of waves, Ex. 484. 
 
 mersc, -es, st. m., marsh, sicamp. 
 ofer sealtne mersc, Ex. 333. 
 
 inetan, maet, meten, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to measure, mete, mark off, 
 traverse, Ex. 92, 171, D. 575. 
 
 mete-J>egn, -es, st. m., meat-thane, 
 s^e?r«7/Y?,Ex.l31. (mete-es,TOea«.) 
 
 met(e)gian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to consider, meditate upon, 
 D. 119(?).
 
 120 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 iiiet(g")ian, ode, od, \vk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. c. In ciDiirol, ijnidc, moder- 
 utc. 
 
 metiau, ode, od, \vk. v., S. 2, M. 
 (), h) measure, appoint, I). 1 1!) ( '<). 
 
 iiietod — nut' toil {dreamed), D. 
 1 1!> ; see mtetaii. 
 
 metod, -es, s<. m., a disposer, 
 {(rod), orduiner, fate. so\> rae- 
 totl, Ex. 478; inotod al-wihta = 
 lord of all, I). 14, 56; metode 
 ge-corene = chosen of God, D. 
 !)3. 
 
 nie]>el, -es, st. n., speech, counsel, 
 discourse, Ex. 255, 1). 470. 
 
 inej>el-stede, -es, st. m., place of 
 meeting, counsel, Ex. 397, 542, 
 D. 145. 
 
 mieel, adj., large, great. Coinp. 
 mara (ma) ; sup. invest, Ex. 34, 
 67, 395; comp. Ex. 210. As 
 adv., much, very. With comp. 
 and sup. = l»j far, by much. 
 
 inic(e)les, adv., much, Ex. 143; 
 see micel. Also, miclum. 
 
 mid, prep, with dat. and ace., 
 with, together xoith, among, in, 
 Ex. 56, 66, 206, 363, 501, D. 10. 
 mid )'am selitum = in possession 
 of, D. 67 ; mid al'-sware= along 
 with, Ex. 558. Also, instrumen- 
 tal, with, by means of, by, through, 
 Ex. 9, 86, 265, 275, 407, 415, 4*19, 
 457, 485. mid weorcum, D. 44 ; 
 mid \>y — thereby, Ex. 21. As 
 adv., at the same time. 
 
 inid(d), adj., mid, midvmy, in the 
 middle of. set middere niht, 
 Ex. 37; middum nihtum, Ex. 
 168. 
 
 iniddan-(g)eard, -es, st. m., mid- 
 earth, earth, Ex. 2, 48, 286, D. 
 503. ofer middan-geard = on 
 earth, Ex. 540. 
 
 iniht, -e, st. f., might, power, 
 strength, Ex. 9, 1). 169, 284. 
 mihtum swiped = strengthened 
 in might, Ex. 589. 
 
 inihte, see inagaii. 
 
 niihtig, ailj., mighty, powerful, Ex. 
 152, 2U5, I). 235. se mihtiga*: 
 the mighty one, Ex. 484 ; comp. 
 mihtigra, Ex. 503. 
 
 inlht-inOd, -es, st. n., strong mind, 
 violent temper, Ex. 149. 
 
 inilde, adj., gentle, kind, mild, 
 friendly. Sup. mildost, Ex. 549. 
 As adv. 
 
 milds, see milts. 
 
 mil-pa(e)j>, -es, st. m., mile-path, 
 path, distance by miles, Ex. 171. 
 
 milts, -e, St. f., kindness, mildness, 
 favor, mercy, sympathy, Ex. 292, 
 T>. 311, 335. 
 
 min, poss. adj. pro., mine, my, Ex. 
 262, D. 484. mine ge-fra'ge = 
 as I have learned (by my hear- 
 ing), Ex. 368. 
 
 minsian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to decrease, diminish, D. 268. 
 
 mire, -es, st. n., darkness, disaster, 
 D. 448. 
 
 Mlsa(h)el, m., Mishael, D. 92. 
 
 mis-micel, adj., of many sizes, dif- 
 ferent sizes, varying size, Ex. 
 373. 
 
 missere, -es, st. n., half-year, sea- 
 sons, Ex. 49. 
 
 m6d, -es, st. n., spirit, said, heart, 
 mind, courage, violence. Ex 154, 
 527, D. 98; courage, Ex. 98, 
 226, 245. mod (courage) and 
 mihte, D. 14 ; violence, Ex. 488. 
 
 m6d-ge-J>anc, -es, st. m. and n., 
 mood-thought, thought, mind, D. 
 137, M. 321. 
 
 mddgian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to rage, be excited, brave,
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 121 
 
 bold, Ex. 331, 458. Also inod- 
 gadc. 
 
 inod-ba?p, axlj., 8Co inOd-hoap. 
 
 mod-heap, -es, st. m., adj., hracc, 
 courageous, rich in valor, Ex. 
 242. (mod-luup.) 
 
 in6d-hwa(e)t, adj., bold, valiant, 
 cncnjdir, Ex. 124, 1). 357. 
 
 modig-, adj., bold, brave, spirited, 
 furious, Ex. 17, 131, D. 105. As 
 noun, modiges me)'el= the speech 
 of the brave one, Ex. 255. So 
 Ex. 101, 300, modige, (Egyp- 
 tians) Ex. 464, (Israel) Ex. 470 ; 
 modig cyn (Israel), D. 7; fiiri- 
 ous, Ex. 468. 
 
 mddor, -ur, st. f., mother, Ex. 
 371. (moder.) 
 
 mOd-sefa, -an, wk. m., mind- 
 thouyht, mind, D. 41)2. 
 
 m6d--w^g, -es, st. m., mightij, vio- 
 lent wave, Ex. 49!). 
 
 molde, -an, Avk. f., earth, soil, D. 
 567. 
 
 mOna, -an, Avk. m., moon, D. 370. 
 
 nionig', see inanig. 
 
 ni5r, -es, st. m., a moor, heath, D. 
 575. 
 
 morgen, -es, st. m., morn, morn- 
 ing, forenoon, Ex. 98, 346. 
 
 mOr-heald, adj., marshy, sur- 
 rounded by moors, Ex. 61. 
 
 morjjor, -es, st. m., punishment 
 by death, torment, pain, sin, 
 murder, Ex. 146, D. 452. 
 
 mSste, see luotan. 
 
 mdtan, pret. pres., niGste, to be 
 able to, to be permitted to, must. 
 gamele ne moston, Ex. 240; 
 leng ne moton = may not be able 
 longer, Ex. 264; secgan moste 
 = might tell, D. 85. 
 
 Moyses, -es, st. m., Moses, Ex. 
 61, 101, D. 4. 
 
 inurnan, niearn, mornen, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to mourn, grieve, la- 
 ment, Ex. 535. 
 
 muj>-h&l, -es, st. n., mouth-greet- 
 ing, announcement of safety, 
 word of cheer, modiges muj>- 
 litel = the cheering announce- 
 ment of the brave one (Moses), 
 Ex. 552. 
 
 inj^cel, see niioel. 
 
 myceles, adv., 7nuch. 
 
 inynd(g)ian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to remind, recall, be 
 mindful of, D. 144. 
 
 myrc, see mire. 
 
 msTce, see mearc. 
 
 N. 
 
 na, adv. (ne, a), not, D. 697. 
 Naboc(h)odonossor, m., Nebu- 
 chadnezzar, J). 48, 72. 
 nacod, see nacud. nacod nyd- 
 
 boda, Ex. 474, D. 633. 
 nacud, adj., naked (fig.). 
 n^gan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to approach, assail, attack, wor- 
 
 dum n«gde = addressed, Ex. 23. 
 nienig (ne and &nig), pro., none, 
 
 D. 437. 
 ngeron = ne WEeron, D. 136, 205. 
 naes = ne wses, D. 117, 128, 264. 
 nagan, pret. pres. (ne, agan), 
 
 nahte, not to own, not to have, 
 
 lack, Ex. 210. 
 nahte, see nagan, D. 454. 
 na(l)les (ne, eal(l)es), adv., not 
 
 at all, by no means, Ex. 307, D. 
 
 85, 416. 
 nama, -an, wk. m., name, Ex. 27. 
 
 (Abrahame) naman, Ex. 381, D. 
 
 285. 
 ne, adv. neg. particle, not, Ex. 28, 
 
 114, 140, b. 16, 58. ne...ne =
 
 122 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 7ieither . . . nor, Ex. 82, 83,235, 238. 
 ne . . . wiste ne wSido^neUho- 
 of fuud nor riothiny, 1). 103. 
 
 neadaii, de, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 0, 
 to force, compel, 1). 233. (ny- 
 dan.) 
 
 iie'(ji)h, adj. and adv. (prep.), 
 comp. near(ra) (nyra), sup. 
 iidahst(n}'list) (nelist), near, 
 nigh, Ex. 250, 381. As adv., 
 enough, sufficiently, n^ali ne 
 militon = w«V//t( not sufficiently, 
 Ex. 114. 
 
 neaht, see niht. 
 
 iielir, see ne'ah. 
 
 nearwe, adv., narrcnmly, closely, 
 Ex. G8. 
 
 ne'at, -es, st. n., cattle, beast of 
 burden, D. 390. 
 
 nellan, see nillan. 
 
 nemnan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to name, call, Ex. 518. 
 
 neinjje, see nyinj>e. 
 
 neod, -e, st. f., effort, zeal, desire, 
 D. 424. 
 
 ne'csan, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 G, to seel; seek out, visit, ap- 
 proach, ne'bsan come = should 
 come to visit, Ex. 474. 
 
 nebsian, see ne'osan. 
 
 neow(o)l, adj., deep, profo^md, 
 Ex. 114. 
 
 nep, -es, st. n., neap-tide {"i) . (f or)'- 
 ganges) nep= haste of (Grein), 
 Ex. 469. 
 
 nere, -es, st. m., refuge, safety, 
 preservation. 
 
 nergend, -es, st. m., savioiir, pre- 
 server, God, D. 313. 375. 
 
 neriend, see nergend. 
 
 neri(g)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to save, defend, preserve, 
 heal, redeem, D. 241, 285. feorh 
 nerigende, 355. 
 
 net(t), -es, st. n., net, Ex. 74. 
 nu'd, see nyd. 
 
 nigo>a, ninn. adj., 7iinth, Ex. 378. 
 niht, -e, (-es), st. f. (m.), night, 
 
 Ex. 37. ynib twa niht=a/i!er 
 
 tu-o nights, Ex. 03, 07, 108. 
 niht-lang, adj., night-long, last- 
 ing during the night, Ex. 208. 
 niht-scu(\v)a, -an, wk. m., night- 
 
 sliadovi, Ex. 114. 
 niht-weard, -es, st. m., night- 
 guard, watchman, Ex. 116. 
 uillan, (ne willan), nolde, pret. 
 
 pres., to be unwilling, I). 189, 
 
 197. 
 niman, nam, nunien, st. v., S. 4, 
 
 M. 1, to take, assume, accept, oc- 
 
 cujiy, seize. 
 nis = ne and is, is not, D. 429, 566. 
 nij>, -es, St. m., creatw'e, person, 
 
 human being. Used in plu., D. 
 
 285. niha nergend, D. 313. 
 nij», -es, St. m., effort, violence, 
 
 strife, hate, envy, T>. 465, 619, 
 
 697. 
 ni}jer, adv., below, (nether.) 
 ni}>-ge-J»afa, -an, wk. m., a victim, 
 
 D. 633. 
 nij>-hete, -es, st. m., fierce hate, 
 
 hate, D. 48, 279. 
 nij»-wraeu, -e, st. f., punishment, 
 
 fortune, death penalty, D. 664. 
 ni\ve, adj., new, novel, Ex. 116, 
 
 381. niwe flodas = strange 
 
 floods, Ex. 362, B. 784. Also 
 
 adv., newly. 
 nd, adv., never, not, by no means, 
 
 Ex. 399, D. 20. 
 Noe, -es, st. m., Noah, Ex. 362. 
 norjjan, adv., from the north, D. 
 
 52, M. 255 (6). 
 norJ>-'\veg, -es, st. m., north-way, 
 
 northioard. on norh-wogas = 
 
 along the north-ways, Ex. 08.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 123 
 
 nu, adv., now, Ex. 278, 557, D. 141 ; 
 conj., since, as, seeing that, Ex. 
 295, 420, 530. 
 
 nyd, -e, st. f ., need, necessity, force. 
 As adv., necessarily, Ex. IIG. 
 on nyd = hy necessity, D. 72 ; 
 mid nydc, I). 403. 
 
 nyd-boda, -an, wk. m., messenger 
 of ill, bringer of evil, evil har- 
 binger, Ex. 474. 
 
 nydan, see neadan. 
 
 nyd-fara, -an, wk. m., need-trav- 
 eller, fugitive, Ex. 208. 
 
 nyd-genga, -an, wk. m., an exile, 
 wa7iderer in need, I). 633. 
 
 nyllan (ne willan), nolde, pret. 
 pres., see uillan. 
 
 nymj>e, conj., if not, except, unless, 
 Ex. 124. nymj'e liwylc = unless 
 (there be) some one, Ex. 438. 
 
 nyl>or, see ni]»er, D. 493. 
 
 O. 
 
 6, adv., ever, at any time, Ex. 119. 
 
 of, prep. w. dat., from, out of, off 
 from, (a) place whence : Ex. 
 'l70, 2G9, D. 154, 236, 336. {b) 
 condition out of which : of 
 feonda fajjmie, Ex. 294, 570. 
 (c) material: of golde, D. 175. 
 As adv., off, away. 
 
 ofen, -es, st. m., oven, D. 225, 243. 
 
 ofer, prep. w. dat. and ace. over, 
 above, (a) local : ofer wolc- 
 num = above the clouds, Ex. 80 ; 
 so Ex. 110, 112, 117, 163, etc. 
 (6) after verbs of motion : ofer 
 middan-geard, Ex. 2 ; so Ex. 
 48, 239,1). 105, 179, 409; ofer 
 eorhan = thro^ighoxit the ■ earth, 
 Ex. 403. (c) ofer ealle lufen = 
 beyond (contrary to) all love, D. 
 73. (d) ofer hcre-ciste = to, 
 
 concerning, Ex. 257, D. 759. (e) 
 ofer cyne-rTcu = rule over, do- 
 minion, Ex. 318. 
 ofer-br^ddan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 1, M. 6, to cover, spread over, Ex. 
 73. 
 
 ofer-cliniban, clain(b), clum- 
 
 (b)en, St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to climb 
 
 over, pass beyond. 
 ofer-coni, see ofer-ounian. 
 ofer-cunian, com, ounien, st. v., 
 
 S. 4, M. 1, to overcome, attack, 
 
 conquer, Ex. 21. 
 ofer-faeJ>inian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to encompass, over- 
 shadow, D. 502. 
 
 ofer-faran, for, faren, st. v., S. 
 2, M. 4, to go over or across, to 
 wander through or over, Ex. 56, 
 D. 463. 
 
 ofer-for, see ofer-faran. 
 
 ofer-gangan, geng, gangen, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to overcome, con- 
 quer, ge . . . for)' ofer-gangaj^ 
 = ye shall Jienceforth overcome, 
 Ex. 561. 
 
 ofer-gengan, gengde, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to pass over or through. 
 
 ofer-hogian, ode(ede), od, wk. 
 v., S. 2; M. 6, to contemn, despise, 
 renounce, D. 300. 
 
 ofer-holt, -es, st. n., over-v}ood, 
 shield, cover, Ex. 157. 
 
 ofer-hycgan, see ofer-hogian. 
 
 ofer-hydig, see ofer-hygd. 
 
 ofer-hy(g)d, -es, st. n., over- 
 mindedness, pride, T). 107, 298, 
 495, etc. 
 
 ofer-li]>an, laj>, llden, st. v., S. 6, 
 M. 2, to sail over, go or pass 
 over, flodas . . . ofer-laK Ex. 
 362. 
 
 ofer-medla, -an, wk. m., pride, 
 haughtiness, D. 657.
 
 124 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 ofer-teldan, teald, tolden, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to cuvcr, protect, screen, 
 envelop, segle ofer-toldcu, Ex. 
 81. 
 
 ofer-tolden, see ofer-teldan. 
 
 of (e)st, -e, St. f ., haste, speed, of est 
 is selost = haste is best (icisest), 
 Ex. 293 ; on of ste = in haste, 
 Ex. 22;?. 
 
 6f(e)stiim, adv., qnickly, rapidly, 
 forthu'ith, Ex. 282, D. 257, M. 
 251 (1). 
 
 oft, adv., oft, often, D. 15. 
 
 6ht, -e, St. f ., persecution, fear, op- 
 pression, anxiety, oht in-lende 
 (domestic fear) , Ex. 136. 
 
 oht, see 6-wiht. 
 
 Oht-nfed, -e, St. f., persecution, 
 oppression, disquietude, Ex. 139. 
 
 on, see unnan. 
 
 on, prep., w. dat., inst., and ace, 
 on, upon, in, at, to, into, toumrd, 
 besides, amonc/. (a) local : Ex. 
 8, 67, 123, 153; on cor^re = «« 
 the head of, Ex. 191, 192, 209, 
 227, 302 ; on ore = at the front, 
 Ex. 31G, 365, 303, 440, 465, D. 47 ; 
 on = in, on lielle, Ex. 46, 200, 
 355, 366, 519, D. 84, 108, 110; on 
 us = ^0 us, D. 327; on Moyses 
 hand = into, D. 4 ; with ace, 
 Ex. 59, 68, 135, 161, 167, D. 39, 
 69. (ft) temporal : i7i, at, dur- 
 ing, on, for ; on ^am fyrste = 
 at the time, Ex. 98, 189, 216, 521, 
 D. 35, 277, 348. (c) state or 
 condition : in, on, according to ; 
 on salum = in joy, Ex. 106, 165, 
 176, 213, 223, D. 124, 344; on 
 I'iht = according to right, Ex. 
 586 ; on nyd = of necessity, D. 72. 
 (c?) causal : to, for ; on f orh- 
 wegas =for the journey, Ex. 32, 
 129, 186, 199 ; on = adv., Ex. 490. 
 
 on-beornan, soo on-byrnan. 
 on-brinnan, bran, l)runnon, st. 
 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to kindle, catch 
 
 fire, Ex. 398. 
 on-bugan, belih, bogen, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to turn in, upon, invade, 
 
 ovenchehn, Ex. 498. 
 on-byrnan, barn, bornen, st. v., 
 
 5. ">, M. 1, to inflame, kindle. 
 on-cvveJ»an, c\v8ej>, cweden, st. 
 
 v., S. 5, M. 1, to address, accost, 
 answer, on-cwajb, I). 211. 
 on-cjTran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to make to turn, to turn, turn 
 around, Ex. 451. 
 
 on-dr&dan, dred, dreden, st. v., 
 
 5. 1, M. 5, to dread, fear, ne 
 willaj' . . . on-drjedan = /ear ?io<, 
 Ex. 266, M. 440. 
 
 on-egan, de, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to 
 
 fear, D. 697. 
 on-ettan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to hasten, eagerly to begin 
 loork. 
 
 on-findan, fand, funden, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to flnd out, discover, 
 
 Ex. 501. 
 on-fon, feng, fangen, st. v., S. 1. 
 
 M. 5, to receive, hold, take, hear, 
 
 perceive, D. 166, 562, 583. 
 on-gangan, geng, gangen, st. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. 5, to approach, Ex. 156, 
 
 participial use of infinitive. 
 on-ge(a)n, prep, and adv., over 
 
 against, opj)osite. him on-gen, 
 
 Ex. 454 ; other forms, on- 
 
 geg(e)n, on-gan. 
 on-geat, see on-gitan. 
 on-gildan, geald, golden, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to pay, expiate, atone 
 
 for, D. 598. 
 on-ginnan, gan, gunnen, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. \,to begin, commence, Ex. 
 
 584, I). 49, 468. attempt, D. 688.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 125 
 
 on-gitan, geat, giten, st. v., S. 5, 
 
 M. 1, to apprehend, perceive, 
 
 know, Ex. 90, 452, D. 460. 
 on-h&tan, te, ed, \vk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to heat, inflame, kindle, D. 225, 
 
 243. 
 on-hicgaii, hogode, wk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. 6, to consider, reflect, recall, 
 
 D. 473. 
 on-hnigan, hnah, hiiigen, st. v., 
 
 S. 6, M. 2, to bow down, worship, 
 
 D. 181. 
 on-hreran, de, ed, >vk. v., S. 1, 
 
 M. 6, to move, agitate, distu7-b, 
 
 excite, Ex. 22G, 482. 
 on-hweorfan, h^vearf, hvvorfeii, 
 
 St. v., S. 3, M. 1, to turn, change, 
 
 D. 570, (327. 
 on-h^v5Tfan, sec on-liweorfaii. 
 on-l^dan, see an-l^dan. 
 on-lang, adj., continuous, ex- 
 tended, long, Ex. 53. 
 on-lihan, lah, ligen (lihen), 
 
 St. v., S. 6, M. 2, to give, bestow, 
 
 lend, Ex. 529, D. 681. 
 on-lihtan, te, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to lighten, ilhnnine, flash 
 
 forth. 
 on-lucan, leac, locen, st. v., S. 7, 
 
 M. 3, to unlock, unfasten, lag 
 
 open, Ex. 522. 
 on-lyhan, see on-lihan. 
 on-ni^l(d)an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 1, M. 6, to address, accost, an- 
 nounce, D. 210. 
 on-orettan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to contend for, conquer, eagerly 
 
 pursue, Ex. 313. 
 on-riht, adj., lavful, proper, true, 
 
 {partaking of), on-riht godes, 
 
 Ex. 358. 
 on-sacan, sOe, sacen, st. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 4, to deny, oppose, refuse, 
 
 contest, D. 226, 451. 
 
 on-saelau, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to unbind, loosen, Ex. 583. 
 on-seah, see on-seon. 
 on-segon = ou-sawou, Ex. 178; 
 
 see on-se'cn. 
 
 on-sendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to send, send avjay, des- 
 patch, D. 75. 
 
 on-se'bn, seab, se^ven, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to look upon, at, gaze 
 upon, observe, Ex. 178. 
 
 on-slupan, sle^p, slopen, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to escape, slip off, Ex. 
 490(?). 
 
 on-stellan, stealde, steald, wk. 
 v., S. 1, M. 6, to ptit in place, de- 
 vise. 
 
 on-swellan, sweal, swollen, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to swell, swell up, 
 D. 247. = on stellan (B. aud 
 T.). 
 
 on-tre'bwan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to trust, confide in, D. 269. 
 Other forms, on-truwan, try- 
 wan. 
 
 on-J^eon, >eah, J»ogen, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to undertake, engage in. 
 hilde on-he'bu = engage in battle, 
 Ex. 241. 
 
 on-J>rang, see on-J?ringan. 
 on-}>ringan, Jjrang, J>rungen, st. 
 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to press on, for- 
 ward, through, Ex. 343. 
 on-wacan, woe, Avacen, st. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 4, to ctwake, arise, D. 524. 
 on-wadan, see an-wadan. 
 on-wist, -e, st. f., abode, presence 
 
 at or in a place, Ex. 18. 
 open, adj., open, open . . . scraef 
 
 (hell), Ex. 537. 
 6r, -es, St. n.,van, van-guard, front 
 
 rank, Ex. 326. 
 ord, -es, st. n., point, sword-point, 
 
 sword, beginning, van, head.
 
 126 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 ord-friiina, -an, wk. m., author, 
 
 creator, sovereign {God), D. 152. 
 
 orettan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to 
 
 contend, J'ujht for, eayerly strive, 
 Ex. 313. (on-orettan.) 
 
 or-la;g, -es, st. n., ancient law, 
 fate, D. 746. 
 
 or-leg, -es, st. n., destruction, evil. 
 
 or-lege, -es, st. n., strife, laidcss- 
 ness, icar. 
 
 or-lege, adj., hostile, fierce; as 
 noun, D. G97. 
 
 or-J»ancuin, adv., skilfully, Ex. 
 359. 
 
 or-tre'owe, sec or-try^ve. 
 
 or-trywe, adj., mistrnstfiil, dis- 
 trustful, despondent, Ex. 15-1, M. 
 254 (1). 
 
 or-weiia, iii\j.,hopeless, despairing, 
 despondent, Ex. 211. 
 
 Otor, adv. and prep., over, beyond, 
 beside, apart from, D. 73. 
 
 (}\>, prep. w. ace., to, up to, far as, 
 Ex. 298, 443, D. 112 ; con j . 6^-J^ait, 
 till, until, up to the time that, Ex. 
 59, 127, 204, 478, D. 17, 29, 63, 
 149, 248. 
 
 o>er, adj. pro., other of two, sec- 
 ond, another, Ex. 108, D. 91. 
 aifter 6l:)rum = one after an- 
 other, Ex. 347 ; on oj'rum = in 
 turn, Ex. 576. 
 
 0J>-f8estan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to entrust, fix on, establisJi. 
 
 o>-faran, f6r, faren, st. v., S. 2, 
 M. 4, to come off, escape, flee 
 from,. sit>)'an hie fe'cndum o]'- 
 f aren has f don = had escaped, Ex. 
 64. 
 
 6J>-l*dan, da, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to lead away, rescue, save, Ex. 
 569. 
 
 6J>-standan, stOd, standen, st. v., 
 S. 2, M. 4, to escape, withdraw. 
 
 OJ>-J>a;t, see 6J». 
 GJ>-J>ali, sec OJ>-J>icgan. 
 
 o>J»e, conj., or, Ex. 210, 539, D. 
 
 85. 
 OJ>-J>iegan, J>(e)ali, J»igen, st. v., 
 
 S. 5, M. 1, to icithdraw, snatch 
 
 away, deprive, Ex. 338. 
 0]>-J>ringan, J»rang, J>ruugen, st. 
 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to force from, take 
 
 aicay from, D. 51. 
 0-vviht, -es, st. n., aught, a inhit, 
 
 something, D. 274. See a-wiht. 
 
 pa(e)J>, -es, st. m.,path. helpend- 
 
 ra pa^, Ex. 487. 
 Pers(e)as, -a, plu., Persians. 
 
 R. 
 
 rad, see ridan. 
 
 r(a)ed, -es, st. m., counsel, ad- 
 vice, admonition, advantage, Ex. 
 6. ic ou beteran rted, Ex. 269, 
 J). 457 ; Yss(\a.gc-myn(\\g = mind- 
 fid of counsels, Ex. 515, 548; 
 rted for)) gaeb = good counsel will 
 follow, Ex. 525, D. 30, 182. 
 
 r&dan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to give counsel, rule, own, pos- 
 sess, guide, read, interpret. 
 
 rsedan, red (record), rfeden, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to counsel, care 
 for, govern, possess, forebode, 
 D. 8. rsedan (rule), D. 686. 
 
 r»d-faest, adj., resolute in coun- 
 sel, determined, D. 652. 
 
 r&d-lelis, adj., ill-advised, bad. 
 rel'G and rEed-le'as, D. 177. 
 
 r&ran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to rear, erect, lift up, set in mo- 
 tion, gar-wiidu raJrdon, Ex. 
 325; rterde = rjerden, D. 191. 
 
 r5;s, -es, st. m., attack, onslaught, 
 (rush), Ex. 329.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 127 
 
 raest, -e, st. f., rest, sleep, couch, 
 
 Ex. VU. 
 r&swa, -an, Avk. in., prince, ruler, 
 
 adviser, plu., Ex. 234, U. 417, 
 
 487. 
 rand, -es, st. m., edge, rim, shield, 
 
 burlder, Ex. 332, 586. 
 rand-biirh, -(g)e, st. f., a de- 
 fence, protectiny shield or wall; 
 
 plu., rand-byrig wieron {walls 
 
 of vriters), Ex. 4G3. 
 rand-ge-beorh(g), -es, st. m., 
 
 shield, defence, protecting shield. 
 
 in raud-ge-beorh = into or for a 
 
 shield (waves), Ex. 296. 
 rand-Aviga, -an, wk. m., shield- 
 
 ivarrior, irarrior, Ex. 12G, 134. 
 rand-wig (g) end, -es, st. m. and 
 
 part., shielded warrior, icarrior, 
 
 Ex. 435. 
 read, adj., red. readan see, Ex. 
 
 134, 296; readan golde, D. 59. 
 relif, -es, st. n., robe, garment, 
 
 corselet, Ex. 212 ; plu. re'af and 
 
 randas, Ex. 586. 
 recan, rShte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to care about or for, seek after, 
 
 desire, D. 201, 596. 
 rec (c) an , re (a) hte, ge-reaht, wk. 
 
 v., S. 1, M. 6, to recount, relate, 
 
 speak, Ex. 359, D. 159, 336. 
 
 Also, to ride, guide. 
 recoend, part. aCc]., ruling, D.580. 
 
 Also sub., -es, rider. 
 reced, -es, st. n. and m., building 
 
 (house, temple), D. 59. 
 reg(e)n, -es, St. m., rain, storm. 
 
 (ren.) 
 regn-Jje'cf, -es, st. m., arch-thief, 
 
 chief of robbers. regn->ebfas 
 
 rice deelaj' = the arch-thieves di- 
 vide the kingdom, Ex. 538. Used 
 
 as an intensive prefix. 
 rene, see ryne. 
 
 re'od, see read. 
 
 reodan, relid, roden, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to redden, stain vnth 
 
 blood, slay, kill, Ex. 412. 
 re^ofan, relif, rofen, st. v., S. 5, 
 - M. 3, to break, break through, 
 
 Ex. 463. 
 reord, -e, st. f. (-es, n.), speech, 
 
 talk, language, voice. I'urh reor- 
 
 de, D. 336, 511. 
 reord-berend, -es, st. m. and 
 
 part., endoioed with speech, man, 
 
 human being, D. 123. 
 reordi(ge)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to speak, talk, harangue, 
 
 discoui'se, Ex. 250, 548. 
 rest, -e, st. f ., see ra;st, D. 109, 123. 
 restan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 rest, repose. 
 rej»e, adj., rude, wild, severe, sav- 
 age, wroth, I). 177. Also adv., 
 
 roughbj, severely. 
 reJje-mOd, adj., cruel, savage, of 
 
 fierce spirit, D. 33. 
 rice, adj., mighty, powerful, rich, 
 
 Ex. 538, D. 457, 580. 
 rice, -es, st. n., realm, kingdom, 
 
 land, power, rule, Ex. 256, 556, 
 
 D. 8, 33, 114, 442, 584. 
 ridan, rad, riden, st. v., S. 6, M. 
 
 2, to ride, move, Ex. 173. 
 riht, adj., right, straight, correct, 
 
 just, rilitre strjete, Ex. 126, D. 
 
 291, 366. 
 riht, -es, st. n., right, justice, just 
 
 claim or due, Ex. 352, 586. Also, 
 
 portion, possession, duty, on 
 
 \>is:t e'ade riht (duty), Ex. 186, 
 
 338. rilites (ne gymde), cared 
 
 not for justice, D. 177. 
 rim, -es, st. m., count, number, 
 
 Ex. 372, 435, (rime). 
 rinc-ge-t?el, -es, st. n., number of 
 
 men, host, Ex. 234.
 
 128 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 rodor, -es, St. m., (rodor), sJcy, 
 heaven, firmament, Ex. 4G3, D. 
 2:50, 2!M. 
 
 rodor-booiilt, julj., heaven-hritjld, 
 hriijht, D. SGI). 
 
 rof, adj., able, stronrj, valiant. 
 modes voiaw — valiant in spirit., 
 Ex. 98, M. 321. r6fa= rofra, 
 Ex. 226. c-rof(e), Ex. 1G6. 
 
 Kiiben, -es, m., Reuben, Ex. .332. 
 
 ruin, adj., roomy, spacious, vmle. 
 vuuie rice, D. Gil. 
 
 rftmc, adv., far, richly. Coinp. 
 rumor, further yet. 
 
 run, -e, St. f., secret, mystery. 
 run bi)' ge-recnod = the secret 
 will be explained, Ex. 525, D. 
 542, 741. 
 
 run-crteftig, adj . , acquainted with 
 ruucs, vnse in interpretimj mys- 
 teries. 
 
 ryman, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to make room, clear away, re- 
 move. modgc rymde = removed 
 the proud, Ex. 479. 
 
 ryne, -es, st. m., course, path. 
 ryne healda^, D. 369. 
 
 S. 
 
 sacan, s5c, sacen, St. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 4, to Jight, contend, attack, curse. 
 
 sib, -es and -e, m. and f., sea, 
 ocean, Ex. 134, 472. be ssem 
 twebnum, Ex. 442. 
 
 s*-beorg, -es, st. m., sea-moun- 
 tain, (shoi-e), vrnll or mountains 
 of waves, ste-beorga sand = 
 sands of the sea-shore, Ex. 441. 
 
 s£e-ci(y)r, -es, st. m., ebb of the 
 sea, ebb. sand S£e-cir spavv, 
 Ex. 291. 
 
 ssed, -OS, St. n., seed, sseda ge- 
 hwilc, Ex. 374. 
 
 sife-f aesten , -es, st. n., sea-fastness, 
 ocean, Ex. 127. 
 
 sft-faroJ>, -es, st. m., beating of 
 the irave, wave, D. 323. 
 
 sfpgl, -es, St. n., SU71, (eye). 
 
 ste-grund, -es, st. m., sea-ground, 
 sea depths, ocean depths, Ex. 
 289. 
 
 siSil, -es and -e, st. m. and L, for- 
 tune, bliss, happiness, joy. on- 
 srilum = i/i jo//, Ex. 106, 564. 
 
 s&-laf, -e, st. f., sea-remnant, that 
 left from the sea, one escaped 
 from the sea. sai-lafe (Israel), 
 Ex. 584. 
 
 saild. adj., salt, salty, Ex. 289. 
 
 sic-lobda, -an, wk. m., sailor, sea- 
 farer, snottor Sic-lebda (Noah) , 
 Ex. 374. 
 
 s&-lida, -an, see s^-le'bda. 
 
 ste-man, -es, st. m., seaman, sail- 
 or, Ex. 105, 478. 
 
 sfe-stresim, -es, st. m. , sea-stream, 
 current, sea, ocean, Ex. 250. 
 
 sa;t, see sittan. 
 
 s^-Av&g, -es, St. m., sea-wave, 
 ivave. 
 
 sfe-waroJ>, -es, st. m., seashore, 
 beach, bank. 
 
 sfe-weall, -es, st. m., sea-wall, 
 VHills of divided ivater, Ex. 302. 
 
 sffe-wiciug, -es, St. m., viking, 
 pirate, sea-dweller, Ex. 333. 
 
 Salem, f., Salem, D. 40. 
 
 Salomon, -es, m., Solomon, D. 
 60, 712. 
 
 samnian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. G, to collect, assemble, meet, 
 D. 228. 
 
 samod, see somod. 
 
 sane, see sang. 
 
 sang, see singan. 
 
 sang, -es, st. m., son//, Ex. 309, 
 576. xilso song.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 129 
 
 sand, -es, St. n.,sand, beach, sandy 
 shore, grains of sand, Ex. 220, 
 441, D. 323. sand basnodon = 
 the sands aicaited, Ex. 470. 
 
 sar, adj., so7'e, painful. Also 
 noun (st. n.), i^ain. 
 
 siiwan, seoAV, sawen, st. v., S. 
 1, M. 5, to sow, streic. 
 
 sawl, -e, St. f. (sawul), soul, 
 spirit, Ex. 543. Also life, prin- 
 ciple of life, sawlum lunnon, 
 Ex. 496, D. 395. 
 
 scacan, sc(e)oc, soacen, st. v., 
 S. 2, M. 4, ;o shake, move violent- 
 ly, escape, Ex. 176. 
 
 sceacan, see scacan. 
 
 sceado, -we, st. f. (also -wes, 
 m.), shadoio ; plu., Ex. 113. 
 Also, sceadu. 
 
 sceaft, -es, st. m., shaft, spear, 
 holt, Ex. 344, D. 132. 
 
 scealc, -es, st. m., slave, servant, 
 man, luarrior, lad, D. 231, 253. 
 
 scean, see scinan. 
 
 scelit, -es, st. m.,part of the earth, 
 region, portion of space, Ex. 
 428, D. 502. 
 
 sceat(t), -es, st. m., coin, money. 
 
 sc(e)aj>an, sc(e)6d, sc(e)aj>en, 
 St. v., S. 2, M. 4, to injure, 
 (scathe), D. 464. 
 
 sce'bc, see scacan. 
 
 sceolde, see sculan. 
 
 sceon, ode, (scyde), Avk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to fall to, fall to one's lot, 
 occur to. heom . . . secede =fell 
 to them by lot, Ex. 586. (ha3t 
 fyr) scyde = turned suddenly 
 upon, D. 266. 
 
 sce'ctend, -es, st. m. and part., 
 shooter, archer, Ex. 112. 
 
 sceppend, see scippend. 
 
 si-ild, -e, St. f. (sceld), debt, 
 crime, sin, D. 266. 
 
 scildan, de, ed, wk. v., S. !, M. 
 
 6, to shield, protect, D. 505. 
 (scyldan.) 
 
 scildig (scyldig), adj., guilty, D. 
 
 4.50, 549. (scyldig.) 
 scild-hre'b)>a, -an, wk. m., shield, 
 
 Ex. 113; shield-ornaments. 
 scinia, -an, wk. m., brightness, 
 
 light, splendor, shining, sun- 
 nan sctma, D. 264. 
 scinan, sc(e)an, scinen, st. v., 
 
 S. 6, M. 2, to shine, flash, groio 
 
 bright, gleam, glitter, Ex. 125. 
 
 &cmow= flashed, Y.ii. 113, D. 276. 
 scip, -es, St. n., ship, boat, vessel. 
 
 bearm scipes (of the ark), Ex. 
 
 375. 
 sci(y)ppend, -es, st. m., shaper, 
 
 creator, D. 292. 
 scir, adj., bright, clear, pure, 
 
 (sheer), Ex. 112, 125. 
 scrsef, -es, st. n., pit, cave, den. 
 
 ece scrnef (hell), Ex. 537. 
 scraj>, see scrij>an. 
 scrij>an, sera]?, scrij>(d)en, st. 
 
 v., S. 6, M. 2, to stride, wander, 
 
 move, go. wide sera)?, widely 
 
 roamed, Ex. 39. 
 scufan, sceaf, scofen, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to shove, picsh (forward), 
 move, go, D. 231. 
 
 sculan, pret. pres., sc(e)olde. 
 (a) shall, must, oiight, (obliga- 
 tion), D. 20, 62, 96, 1.53. (b) 
 will, shcdl, (futurity), sceal 
 weorl-an, Ex. 422, 423, D. 114, 
 325. 
 
 scur, -es, st. m., shower, storm, 
 D. 350, 372. 
 
 scyld, -es, st. m., shield, protec- 
 tion, defence. 
 
 scyld, see scild, D. 266. 
 
 scyne, adj., shining, bright, beau- 
 tiful, D. 338.
 
 130 
 
 GLOSSAKY. 
 
 scyrian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 6, to divide off., designate, ar- 
 rancje, offer, pi-escnt. scyredc, 
 D. 87. 
 
 se, seb, }>aet, pro. and art. (a) 
 article: the; Ex. 380= be; se'b, 
 Ex. 47G; hajt, D. 10; hajs, Ex. 
 507 (Ex. 49 = bait); baire, D. 
 28 ; bam(n), Ex. 575 ; bone, Ex. 
 3G4; by, Ex. 495; plu., ba, D. 
 58; bara, 77; bam, Ex. 365. 
 (6) demonstrative: the; sebe = 
 he xcho, Ex. 475, D. 233; bajt 
 (with all the genders), Ex. 380 ; 
 ba3S snottor = wise to that de- 
 gree, Ex. 438; to \>2e^s = thither, 
 D. 41; swa bfet, Ex. 377; bybe 
 =for the reason that, D. 85; n. 
 plu., babe, D. 35; bambe, Ex. 
 365. (c) relative: who, which; 
 se . . . geaf, D. 13; so D. 116, 
 150; plu., ba, D. 27. Also, /le 
 who, Ex. 554; that which, Ex. 
 557; se him=7ie to whom, Ex. 
 380; ba3S = ic/iic/i, D. 144; bais 
 be= (of) thatiohich, D. 162. 
 
 sealt, adj., salt, salty, Ex. 441, 
 472, D. 323. 
 
 searo(u), -es, st. n., armor, weap- 
 ons, skill, care, art, deceit, hos- 
 tile cunning, Ex. 470, D. 40. 
 
 secan,,s6hte, ge-solit, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, ^0 seek, seek out, aim to 
 find, D. 49, 79, 441. 
 
 secgan, saegde (s^de), saegd 
 (s*d), wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to 
 say, speak, relate, tell of, Ex. 
 377, D. 84. SEedon-= Sweden, D. 
 148. 
 
 sefa, -an, wk. m., mind, spirit, 
 soul, thought, Ex. 438, D. 49, 
 84, 110. 
 
 segel, -es, st. m. and u., sail, Ex. 
 81, 89. 
 
 segel = sa)gl (sun). 
 
 scgen, -es, st. m. and n., standard, 
 
 sign, signal, token, to segne = 
 
 for a standard, Ex. 319. segnas 
 
 stodon=i/ie signals arose, Ex. 
 
 565. 
 segl-rOd, -e, st. f., sail-rod, pole, 
 
 spar, Ex. 83. 
 segne, -an, wk. f., net, seine, 
 
 drag-net, Ex. 584. 
 sel, adj., selra(la), est (ost), 
 
 good, excellent; sup. (fees^),Ex. 
 
 293, 401, 445. (History from 
 
 Noah to Isaac here given.) 
 sel, s^I, adv. comp., better, D. 
 
 489. sup. selost. 
 seld, -es, st. n. (seald), &aZZ, room, 
 
 house, palace, seat, throne., dwell- 
 ing, (tent), D. 151. 
 sele, -es, st. m., hall, D. 727. 
 sele-dre'am, -es, st. m., hall- 
 
 joy(s), joy, revelry, Ex. 36. 
 self, see sylf. 
 sellan, see syllan. 
 sellende, -es, st. m. (part.), giver, 
 
 spender. 
 sellic, see syllic. 
 sendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to send, let go, D. 25 ; pres. 
 
 used as fut., D. 569. 
 Sennar, -e, f., Shinar, D. 602, 
 
 727. 
 Sennare, -a, plu., p)eople of Shinar 
 
 (land of) . 
 seofon, num. adj., seven, D. 
 
 562. 
 seolfer, -es, st. n., silver, D. 60. 
 seomlan, ode (ede), od, wk. v., 
 
 S. 2, M. 6, to linger, tarry, abide, 
 
 Ex. 209. 
 se'bn, seah, ge-sewen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. 1, to see, behold, inspect, 
 
 visit, find, D. 731. 
 Seen, f., Zion.
 
 GLOSSAKY. 
 
 131 
 
 setl-rad, -e, st. f., settling, sink- 
 ing, setting, sunnan sctl-rade 
 = sunset, Ex. 109. 
 
 settend, -as, st. m., fonnder, crea- 
 tor, D. ooO. 
 
 sew(i)aii,tc (de), wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to teach, slunr, instruct, D. 
 446. 
 
 sib-ge-driht, -e, St. f., a kindred 
 band, troop, host, Ex. 214. 
 
 sib-ge-niagas, -a, st. m., plu., 
 kinsinen, blood relations, (Abra- 
 ham and Isaac), Ex. 386. 
 
 sid, adj., vast, broad, spacions, 
 icide, Ex. 260, D. 536. widdra 
 and sTddra = too imde and broad 
 (vast), Ex. 427. Sup. sidestan 
 = sTJ>estan, D. 701. 
 
 sige, -es, st. m., success, victory. 
 
 sige-byme, -an, wk. f., trumpet 
 of victory, trumpet. siingon 
 sige-byman = the trumpets of 
 victory sounded out, Ex. 565. 
 
 sige-cyniug, -es, st. m., victorious 
 king, victor, Ex. 172 (king of 
 Egypt). 
 
 Sigel-waras, -a, st. plu., Ethio- 
 pians, (sun-men), Ex. 69. 
 
 sige-rice, adj., victorious, power- 
 ful in victory, triumphant, Ex. 
 27, 562. 
 
 sige-tiber, -es, st. n., sacrifice of 
 victory, glorious sacrifice (of 
 Isaac), Ex. 402. 
 
 sigor, -es, st. m., triximph, victory, 
 Ex. 16, 272, D. 289. 
 
 sigor-w(e)orc, -es, st. u., ivork 
 or deed of victory, Ex. 316. 
 (sigor-worca.) 
 
 Simeon, -es, m., Simon, Ex. 341. 
 
 sin, pes. adj. pro., his, Ex. 411, 
 D. 75, 79, 100. 
 
 sine, -es, st. n., treasure, riclies, 
 property, jewels, precious things. 
 
 since be-rof ene = deprived of 
 
 treasure, Ex. 36, D. 60. 
 sin-cald (ceald), adj., intensely 
 
 cold, bitter cold, sin-calda sse, 
 
 Ex. 472. 
 sindon, see \vesan. 
 singan, sang, sungen, st. v., S. 
 
 3, M. 1, to sing, resound, make 
 a musical sound, Ex. 132, 1). 
 192. 
 
 Sion, f., Zion. (Seon) Seone 
 
 beorg= hill of Zion, Ex. 386. 
 sittan, sfet, seten, st. v., S. 5, M. 
 
 1, to sit, Ex. 212, D. 94. 
 
 sij>, adj. and adv., late; comp. 
 
 sij^or, Ex. 336. set sihestan^ 
 
 at last, I). 31. 
 sij>, -es, st.m.,way, jiath, journey, 
 
 expedition, going, Ex. 53,97, D. 
 
 68. forma si]) = the first time, 
 
 Ex. 22. Mao, fate, destiny, lot, 
 
 Ex. 207. si\> heora (of the 
 
 Egyptians), Ex. 509. 
 siJ>-boda, -an, wk. m., herald, 
 
 messenger, Ex. 250 (pillar of 
 
 fire). 
 sijj-ftet, -es, st. m., loay, course, 
 
 journey, Ex. 81, 521, D. 649. 
 sij>ian, ode (ede), od, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to set out, march, jour- 
 ney, Ex. 272, D. 67, 632. 
 
 sij>>an, adv., since, after that, 
 aftenoard, from now on, further, 
 Ex. 86, 384, D. 109, 165; conj., 
 since, after, Ex. 64, 144, 155, 
 498, D. 4. 
 
 sltep, -es, St. m., sleep, D. 113. 
 
 slelin, sloh(g), slegen (ge-sla- 
 gen), (sla;gen), st. v., S. 2, M. 
 
 4, to strike, strike down, slay, 
 Ex. 280, 484. wolde sle'kn 
 (Isaac), Ex. 411, 418, D. 
 344. 
 
 sldh, SCO slean.
 
 132 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 slfipan, slelip, slopen, st. v., S. 
 
 7, M. 3, to (jlidc, move stealthily. 
 on sleiip = ^Ziderf on, Ex. 490. 
 
 snaw, -es, St. m., snow, T>. 378. 
 
 snell, adj., quick, lively, vigorous. 
 
 snellc, adv., quickly. Ex 220. 
 Also, snellice. 
 
 sno(t)tor, adj., vyise , pnident , sa- 
 gacious, (of Noah) Ex. 374, (of 
 Solomon) Ex. 389, 438, D. 151. 
 
 snyt(t)ro, f. indec, wisdom, sa- 
 (jncitii, D. 28, 84, 486. 
 
 soinni(ge)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 0, to collect, assemhle,~Ex. 
 217. 
 
 somod (somud), adv., together, 
 Ex. 214, D. 375, 377. 
 
 s6na, adv., soon, forthwith, at 
 once, D. 161. 
 
 sorh(g), -es, st. n. and i., sorrow, 
 care, anxiety, pain, D. 118, 
 264. 
 
 86J», adj., true, just, genuine, reli- 
 able, Ex. 30, 478, D. 144, 288, 
 451. As adv., in truth, indeed, 
 truly. s6)'-gere=/t<n weZZ, Ex. 
 291. 
 
 s6J», -es, St. n., truth, justice, right- 
 eousness, D. 28, 113, 416. 
 
 s6J>-cwide, -es, st. n., a true say- 
 ing, truth, D. 446. 
 
 s6J»e, adv., truly, D. 483. 
 
 s6J>-fa;st, adj., jiist, firm in truth, 
 true, pious, Ex. 9, (of God) 
 Ex. 433, D. 333, 384. 
 
 s6J>-gere, adv., very well. 
 
 soJ>-ivundor, -es, st. n., a true 
 ivonder, great toonder, Ex. 24. 
 
 spannan, spen, spannen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to stretch, fasten, at- 
 tach, make fast. 
 
 spkxv, see spiwan. 
 
 sp§d, -e, st. f., success, good for- 
 tune, (^speed), progress, haste. 
 
 Ex. 153, D. 335. sebc sped ahte 
 = he who had {oioncd) success, 
 Ex. 513. 
 
 spel, -es, St. n., news, vjord, mes- 
 sage, accoiint, (spell) ; plii., Ex. 
 203, D. 479. 
 
 spel-boda, -an, wk.m., announcer 
 of a message, messenger, prophet, 
 (angel), D. 230. 
 
 spe(l)lian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to speak, talk, announce, 
 D. 658. 
 
 spild-sij>, -es, st. m., destr^ictive, 
 dangerous journey, Ex. 153. 
 
 spillan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to destroy, kill, Ex. 513. 
 
 spiwan, spa^v, spi\ven, st. v., S. 
 6, M. 2, to spew, reject, spit out, 
 Ex. 291. holm heolfrc spaw = 
 the sea spat gore, Ex. 449. 
 
 spor, -es, St. n., trace, footstep, 
 Ex. 239. (swor.) 
 
 spowan, spe'ow, spowen, st. v., 
 S. 1, M. 5, to succeed, thrive, D. 
 479. 
 
 spraec, see sprecan. 
 
 spr^c, -e, St. i., speech, discourse, 
 xdords. halige sprace, Ex. 517. 
 
 sprecan, sprsec, sprecen, st. v., 
 S. 5, M. 1, to speak, say, Ex. 
 258, 277, D. 424. 
 
 staefn, see stefn. 
 
 stce)>, -es, St. n., shore, beach, Ex. 
 580. 
 
 stah, see stigan. 
 
 Stan, -es, st. m., stone, Ex. 440. 
 
 standan, stod, standen, st. v., 
 S. 2, M. 4, to stand, stand firm, 
 remain, be, Ex. 571, D. 40. hara 
 he . . . to f ril>e stodon = these 
 {cities)which remained for safety, 
 D. 64. Also to rise up suddenly, 
 to threaten, Ex. 201, 459, 490; 
 stodon {started up), Ex. 565.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 133 
 
 stan-hlij>, -es, st. u., cliff, preci- 
 pice of stone, T>. Gl. 
 
 starian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 G, to stare, gaze, D. 718. 
 
 staJ>ol, -es, St. m. (staJ»ul),/oM/t- 
 dation, ground, place, base, bot- 
 tom, Ex. 285, D. 5G1. See sta- 
 )>ulas = the everlasting depths, 
 Ex. 473. 
 
 steap, adj., steep, deep, lofty. 
 
 stef(e)n, -e, St. f., voice, Ex. 99, 
 257, 276, 416, 550, 574, D. 179, 
 510, 561. 
 
 stefn, -es, st. m., stem, trttnk, 
 2)row of ship. fEegum stsefnura 
 (bodies of the dead), Ex. 462. 
 
 steorra, -an, wk. m., star, Ex. 
 440. 
 
 stepan, te, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to raise, erect, exalt, D. 446. 
 = stepten (B. and T.). 
 
 stigan, stah, stigen, st. v., S. 6, 
 M. 2, to ascend, mount, climb, 
 move, step, go, Ex. 319. heah- 
 lond stigon = theij ascended the 
 highlands, D. 510. 
 
 stille, adj. and adv., still, quiet, 
 quietly, silently, Ex. 300. stille 
 hM= quietly awaited, Ex. 550, 
 D. 561, 582. 
 
 stOd, see standan. 
 
 storm, -es, st. m., storm, tempest, 
 uproar, t%imult. storm up ge- 
 wat = tumult arose, Ex. 459. 
 
 str&t, -e, St. f., street, road, course, 
 Ex. 126. 
 
 stre'ani, -es, st. n., stream, cur- 
 rent, river, sea, Ex. 296, 471. 
 stre'amas stodon — the ocean 
 threatened, Ex. 459. 
 
 striidan, stre'ad, stroden, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to plunder, destroy, 
 cari-y off. 
 
 styran, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to ride, manage, hinder, re- 
 strain, him styran . . . stefn = 
 a voice to restrain him, Ex. 416. 
 
 styrian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to stir, move, excite, urge, at- 
 tack, to be moved. 
 
 sum, adj. pro., one, a certain one, 
 any, one of many, chief one, Ex. 
 279, 357, D. 418. godes be'acna 
 Slim = one of. 
 
 sumor, -es, st. m. (sumer), sum- 
 mer, D. 276. 
 
 sund, -es, st. m. and n., sound, 
 sea, strait, ocean, Ex. 319. 
 
 sundor, adv. (sundur), apart, 
 separately, especially, sundor 
 anra ge-liwilc= eac/i one sepa- 
 rately, D. 370. 
 
 sundor-gifu, -e, st. f., special 
 gift, gift, distinction, D. 606. 
 
 sunne, -an, wk. f. (v. -e, st. f.), 
 the sun, Ex. 81, 109, D. 264. 
 
 sunu, -a, st. m., son, Ex. 18, 332, 
 363, etc., D. 402. 
 
 susl, -es, St. n., torment, punish- 
 meiu, D. 521, 621, 654. 
 
 su}>a, -an, wk. m., the south, be 
 sutian = on the south. 
 
 sujjan, adv., /rom the south, sil- 
 van and norbau, D. 52. 
 
 su]>-'\veg, -es, st. m., south-way, 
 vmy southvxird, Ex. 155. 
 
 suj>-wind, -es, st. m., south-wind, 
 Ex. 289. 
 
 swa, adv. and conj., so, thus, 
 so that, in such wise, therefore, 
 Ex. 194, 377, D. 130. swa = so 
 that, Ex. 82, D. 20; swa mice- 
 les = so much, Ex. 143 ; swaj^eah 
 = nevertheless, or yet, Ex. 339. 
 (rt) relative : loho, as, so far as, 
 in the manner that; swa dreali 
 = icho endured, Ex. 49 ; swa — 
 wihich, D. 3. (b) conj. : as, so
 
 134 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 as, Ex. 388; swilce swa^ such 
 
 as, D. G2, Ex. 101, 314, 352. 
 8^vaef, see sAvefan. 
 sw&fan, (le, ed, Avk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to stagger, hesitate, D. 116. 
 svvSis, adj., dear, sv^eet, beloved. 
 swapan, swebp, swapen, st. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. 5, to sweep, sweep away, 
 
 Ex. 480. 
 swarian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. G, to say, talk. 
 swefan, swaef, swefen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. 1, to sleep, shimher, rest, 
 
 D. llG,/aZZ in death, cease from. 
 
 sele-dreamas swdefon = joys 
 
 ceased, Ex. 36 ; swEefon =fell 
 
 asleep (in death), Ex. 495. 
 swefen, -es, st. n., sleep, dream, 
 
 D. 110, 118. 
 swefn(i)an, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to dream, D. 131, M. 
 
 290 (c). 
 svpeg, -es, St. in., sound, noise, 
 
 crash, tunuilt, Ex. 309, D. 264. 
 SAvellan, sweal, swollen, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to simll, sioell up. 
 s-weltan, sAvealt, sw^olten, st. v., 
 
 S. 3, M. 1, to die, perish, Ex. 
 
 464. 
 sw^eord, -es, st. n., sword, Ex. 
 
 419. 
 sw^eord-w^igend, -es, st. in. and 
 
 part., sworded warriors, sword- 
 
 wielders, soldiers, Ex. 260. 
 sweot, -es, st. m., band, troop, 
 
 Ex. 127, 220. sweotum comon 
 
 = came in troops, Ex. 341, (of 
 
 Egyptians) Ex. 496. 
 swerian, swor, sAvoren, st. v., 
 
 S. 2, M. 4, to swear, Ex. 431. 
 sw^erian, see swarian. 
 sw^igian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 6, to be silent, quiet, D. 
 
 547. 
 
 swilc (swylc), adj. pro., such, 
 such as, each, every, who, which, 
 that, D. 62, 66, 350. swilc, 
 swilc = such as, so as. 
 
 swilce (swylee) , adv., also, more- 
 over, furthermore, such that, so, 
 D. 502, 507. 
 
 swipian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to beat, strike, Ex. 463. 
 
 sw^ij», ad]., strong, valiant, violent, 
 D. 284. swil^re hand, right 
 hand, Ex. 280. 
 
 swij>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, (swyj>an), to make powerful, 
 establish, strengthen, Ex. 549. 
 
 sw^ij>e, adv., strongly, eagerly, D. 
 483. 
 
 swij>-in0d, adj., of violent dis- 
 position, proud, haughty, bold, 
 D. 100, IGl. 
 
 SAviJjrian, ode (ade), od, wk. v., 
 S. 2, M. 6, to vanish, disappear, 
 diminish, weaken, Ex. 113, 242, 
 D. 639. sweg swil-rode = sound 
 ceased, Ex. 309 ; eyre (hope of 
 return or advance) , disappeared, 
 Ex. 465. sw^or, see spor. 
 
 SAVor, see swerian. Also sar. 
 
 swutol, adj., clear, bright, D. 489. 
 
 sylf (self), adj. pro., self, ic 
 sylf a = I myself, Ex. 280 ; hie . . . 
 sylfe, D. 31, M. 131, 366 (10). 
 
 syllan, sealde, seald, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to give, give over, pre- 
 sent, spend, (sell), D. 154, 199. 
 
 syllfc, adj., strange, singular; as 
 adv., Ex. 109. 
 
 symb(e)l, -es, st. n., feast, ban- 
 quet, meal, festivity, D. 701. 
 
 symb(e)l, es, st. n., duration. 
 synible, adv., always. 
 
 syn(n), -e, st. f., sin. 
 
 syn-full, adj., sinful, wicked; as 
 noun (of Egyptians), Ex. 496.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 135 
 
 tac(e)ii, -es, st. n., a sign, token, 
 
 I). 447, 4«9. 
 t&can, ttchte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to show, point out, teach, instruct. 
 
 moclum twcau = instruct the 
 
 minds, Ex. 527. 
 tan, -es, st. m., rod, tide), branch. 
 
 gi'ene tane = loith a green ticig, 
 
 Ex. 281. 
 telga, -an, st. m. , a hough , branch. 
 
 D. 504, 515. 
 tempel, -es, st. n., temple, Ex. 
 
 391, D. 60, 711. 
 teohian, see te^on. 
 te^on, Ode, od, \vk. v., S. 1, M. C, 
 
 to set, fix, establish, make, lourk, 
 
 D. Ill', 208, 216, 309. 
 te^onful, ad]., malicious, injurious, 
 
 unworthy, D. 255. 
 te'en-hete, -es, st. m., dire hate, 
 
 malicious hate, Ex. 224. 
 teosu, -e, St. f., harm, injury, de- 
 struction. 
 teso, -e, St. f., see teosu, D. 255. 
 tiber, -es, st. n., offering, sacri- 
 fice, halig tiber (Isaac), Ex. 
 
 415. 
 tid, -e, St. f., time, tide, season, 
 
 D. 348, 562. 
 tir, -es, St. m., glory, splendor, 
 
 honor, brilliancy, D. 312. As 
 
 a prefix, indicates excellence; 
 
 see below. 
 tir-elidig, adj., glorious; as noun, 
 
 Ex. 184, 232. 
 tir-faest, adj., famous, glorious, 
 
 established in, glory, Ex. 63. 
 t6, prep. w. dat., to. (a) local: 
 
 to, at, by, near, up, toioards, Ex. 
 
 277, 397, 456, 460, 552, D. 38, 
 
 44, 54, 70, 93, 109; 181, 204, 
 
 (before), (b) temporal: to, at, 
 
 for, till, during, against, Ex. 
 
 198, 263; to ealdre = /or all 
 time, Ex. 424; to widau feore 
 = for life eternal, Ex. 547. (c) 
 purpose : to, for, as, into, to 
 fr6fre = as a help, Ex. 88. So 
 Ex. 319, 325, 402, 405, 508, D. 
 87, 150, 197, 208, 216 ; result, D. 
 74; with inf. to feran, D. 76, 
 129. (fZ) with particles (gen.) : 
 to Yiwsi^ — ivhither ; to ^ses = 
 thither, D. 41 ; to \>9ds, = to that 
 degree, so ; to middes dseges — 
 at midday ; ne to wuhte = by no 
 means ; w. ace, to-dseg. 
 
 to-dr&fan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to drive apart, separate, 
 destroy. 
 
 t6-drifan, draf, drifen, st. v., 
 S. 6, M. 2, to disperse, separate, 
 destroy, D. 353. 
 
 tO-dwfescan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 0, to put out, extingrdsh, D. 353. 
 
 to-hw(e)orfan, (hwurfan), 
 h'wearf, hworfen, st. v., S. 3, 
 M. 1, to separate, scatter, D. 
 302. 
 
 torjit, adj., clear, bright, D. 511. 
 
 tO-sonine, (samne), adv., to- 
 gether, Ex. 207, D. 469, 527. 
 
 tO-scufan, sceaf, scofen, st. v., 
 S. 7, M. 3, to shove ap>art, scat- 
 ter, D. 340. 
 
 tO-swapan, swebp, sw^apen, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to siceep apart, 
 asunder, to separate, D. 342. 
 
 tO-s'wendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to cause to go apart, de- 
 stroy, D. 342. 
 
 to-wrecau, \vraec, wrecen, st. v., 
 S. 5, M. 1, to scatter, separate, 
 dissipate, D. 301. 
 
 tredan, traid, treden, st. v., S. 
 5, M. 1, to tread, enter, go upon, 
 roam through, Ex. 158.
 
 136 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 treddian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. (>, to tread, step, gu, go about, 
 
 D. 439. 
 tre'b(w), -es, st. n., a tree, wood, 
 
 D. 511, 556. 
 tre'bw, -e, st. i., faith, trust, fidel- 
 ity to covenant, faithfulness , Ex. 
 
 149, 422, 425. lialige trebwa, 
 
 Ex. 306, D. 312. 
 trebwan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to trust, confide in, entrust. 
 tre'bwe, -an, wk. f., see tre'bw. 
 truin, adj., firm, true, steadfast, 
 
 Ex. 553. 
 trynian, see tryinian. 
 trymian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 
 M. 6, to strengthen, incite, to 
 
 storm, rage, roar, lohirr, Ex. 
 
 159. trymede = strengthened, 
 
 D. 534. 
 tuddor-te'bnde, adj. part, plu., 
 
 bringing forth offspring; as 
 
 noun, Ex. 372. 
 tungel, -es, st. n. , star, planet, con- 
 stellation, D. 309. Also tungol. 
 twa, num. adj., see twegen, Ex. 
 
 63, 184. 
 twegen, num. adj., two, (tu), 
 
 Ex. 94, M. 141. Also twa, gen. 
 
 twegra, dat. twam. 
 twelf, num. adj., tioelve, Ex. 225. 
 tweogan, see twe'bn. 
 twe'cn, Ode, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 
 to be of doubtftil mind, to doubt. 
 twe'cne, num., see bi(be)-tweo- 
 
 num, Ex. 502. 
 tw^ig, -es, St. n., a tivig, branch, 
 
 D. 504, 515. (rod.) 
 tyn-hund, -es, st. n., ten hundred, 
 
 thousand, Ex. 232. 
 tyr, see tir. 
 J>a,, adv., then, there, at that time, 
 
 Ex. 22, 30, 33, D. 19, 22; then, 
 
 when, where, Ex. 48, 140, 202, 
 
 319 ; \>Si. . .\>Si = then . . . when, 
 D. 178; \>A Jntr, Ex. 347; as 
 couj., as, when, since, Ex. 142. 
 
 \>&r, adv. and couj. and rel., 
 there, in that place, if, through, 
 Ex. 71, 89, D. 40, 00; thither, 
 Ex. 91, D. 82; where, there 
 where, Ex. 330, 387, U. 346: 
 haer ge = whithersoever ye, Ex. 
 272. 
 
 J>aes, see se, (gen.). 
 
 J>aet, conj., that, Ex. 23, 123, D. 
 83, 86; that, so that, (result), 
 Ex. 200, 204, 294, D. 15, 31; 
 purpose or design, Ex. 317, 
 336, 528, D. 77. 6> \>3it = until, 
 D. 29. 
 
 Jjaet, see se. 
 
 }>aette, conj., (}>a}t-J>e), that, so 
 that, in order that, Ex. 151, 509, 
 D. 114, 101, 318. 
 
 J>afl(g)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 0, to submit, agree, accede, 
 D. 190. 
 
 J»an, see se, (J>am) = J>one, Ex. 
 245. 
 
 J>anc, -es, st. m., thought, reflec- 
 tion, favor, pardon, D. 308. 
 
 J>ancian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 0, to thank, give thanks, re- 
 ward, D. 80, 425. 
 
 J>anne, see J»onne. 
 
 }»auon, adv., then, thereupoti, Ex. 
 515. 
 
 J»e (iudec), rel. particle and conj., 
 loho, which, that, D. 87. se J^e — 
 he loho, Ex. 7 ; se he his = ichose ; 
 l-a he (those icJio), Ex. 235, D. 
 35 ; hara he, Ex. 189, M. 380 (3), 
 D. 16 ; hses he = because, Ex. 
 49, D. 308; ser ham he = ere 
 that ; he ... he = either . . . or, 
 ma he (more than), D. 264; oh 
 he = tmtil ; to h^es he = whither.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 137 
 
 J>eah, conj. and adv., (J»eah J>e), 
 
 thoufjh, although, Ex. 141, 209, 
 
 D. 192. swaboah =:; however, 
 
 nevertheless, Ex. 339. 
 ]7eaht, see J>eocan. 
 J>eaw, -es, st. m., cAistom, habit, 
 
 tisaye, D. 572. 
 J>eccan, Jieahte, ge-}>eaht, wk. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. G, to cover, thatch, cuu- 
 
 ceal, Ex. 288. 
 J>eg(e)n, -es, st. m., thane, knight, 
 
 servant, vassal, Ex. 170, D. 75. 
 J>egnung, -e, st. f., service. 
 J»egu, -e, St. f., reception. Used 
 
 in compounds. 
 J>enoan, J^ihte, ge-J»Ght, wk. v., 
 
 S. 1, M. 6, to think, intend, fan- 
 cy, wyrnan t>6hton = thought 
 
 to refuse, Ex. 51. 
 J>enden, adv. and conj., ivhile, 
 
 during, so long as, that, Ex. 255. 
 
 D. 8, 10. 
 }»engel, -es, st. m., prince, lord, 
 
 Ex. 173. 
 JjeTxi, -e, St. t.,folk, nation, 'peo- 
 ple, Ex. 158, 32G, 357, D. 172, 
 
 181. wlance J>e'bde (Egyptians) , 
 
 Ex. 48(5. 
 J>e'bd(e)n, -es, st. m., lord, prince, 
 
 ruler; (of Noali), Ex. 363, D. 
 
 109, 188; (of God), Ex. 431, D. 
 
 33, 34, 93. 
 )>e'bden-holtl, adj., loyal, pleasing 
 
 to one's lord, faithful, Ex. 87, 
 
 182. 
 Jjebd-maegen, -es, st. n., folks' 
 
 jwiuer, might, cohort, body, host. 
 
 hridde Kod-, Ex. 342. 
 Jje'cd-scipe, -es, st. m., laio, rule, 
 
 government, godes \>eo(l- (rule 
 
 of God), Ex. 528. 
 J»eo^v-ned, see J>e'b\v-nyd. 
 J»e'b(-\v)-nyd, -e, st. f., slavery, 
 
 bondage, D. 294, 308. 
 
 J>e"oster, st. n., see )>e'bstru. 
 
 J»eostru, -e, st. f., gloom, dark- 
 ness, he'bstro, D. 376. 
 
 J>es, J»eos, J>is, dem. pro., this, 
 Ex. 273, U. 206, (Msse), Kos, 
 Ex. 280, 430; to dajge Hssum, 
 Ex. 263. 
 
 J>ider, (J>yder), adv., thither, Ex. 
 46, 190. 
 
 >in, pers. pro., thy, (thine), 
 your, Ex. 418, 434, D. 131, 
 285. 
 
 Jjincan, ]>uhte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, seem, ap>pear, (methinks) , Ex. 
 
 572, D. 270, 498, 505, 509, (me- 
 seems) . 
 
 J>ing, -es, St. n., thing, event, en- 
 terprise, assembly, council. 
 
 J)ing(i)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to beg, pray, speak, con- 
 ciliate, eo:piate. \>\ng& =^pray, 
 D. 588. 
 
 Jjohte, see }>encan. 
 
 }>olian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to endure, suffer, alhnv, grant, 
 Ex. 324, D. 308. 
 
 ]>on = J>am, see se. eac \>o\\ = 
 moreover, Ex. 374, 381 ; ser ^on 
 = before that, D. 35. 
 
 J>onne, adv., theii, at that time, 
 henceforth, Ex. 543, D. 276. 
 \>oiine-i>oin\e = then, when ; conj., 
 if, as, vjhen, ivhile, Ex. 325; 
 lionnejifet, honne gif (than if), 
 ^vith comp. = than, Ex. 373. 
 widdra and siddra Jjonne, Ex. 
 428, D. 250. 
 
 l>racu, -e, st. f., attack, pressure, 
 force, conflict. )>racu wiBS on 
 ore, Ex. 326. 
 
 l>raec-'wig, -es, st. m., violent com- 
 bat, onset, battle, Ex. 182. 
 
 J>rag(h), -e, st. f., time, space, D, 
 
 573, 588.
 
 138 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 Jjreaf'g), -es, -e, m. f. (n.), threat, 
 calamity, attack, terror, evil, 
 oppression, D. 294. 
 
 J»reanied(iiyd), -e, st. f. (n.), 
 bitter necessity, misery, need, 
 distress, danger, D. 213. 
 
 J»reo(>ry), num. adj., three, Ex. 
 363, D. 102; gen. Kebra, dat. 
 brym; as noun, |'a |>ry, D. 93. 
 
 J>ridda, num. adj., third, Ex. 87, 
 3-13, D. 92. 
 
 )>rist(e), adj., bold, dariwj, reso- 
 lute, D. 425. 
 
 I»rowi(ge)an, ode, od, wk. v., 
 S. 2, M. 6, to endure, bear, T>. 
 213. 
 
 )>rym(m), -es, st. m., troop, band, 
 multitude, p on- er, glory, majesty ; 
 D. 425. Also In-im. 
 
 J»rym-f8est, adj., glorious, mighty ; 
 (of. Noah), Ex. 303. 
 
 )>ryin-lic(e), adj. and adv., glo7'i- 
 oiis, noble, mighty, nobly, glori- 
 ously. 
 
 Jjrysinian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to press, disquiet, suffocate. 
 
 )>r5'st, see Jurist. 
 
 ]>ry>, -e, st. f., strength, power, 
 glory, multitude, folca Jnyhum 
 = in multitudes, Ex. 340. 
 
 J»u, pers. pro., thoti, you, Ex. 421. 
 ge, Ex. 259; e^w, 2G8. 
 
 J>uf, -es, St. VI., flag, ensign, stan- 
 dard, Ex. 158. 
 
 J>un(e)rian, see Jjunian. 
 
 ]>uniaii, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 G, to extend, float, swell, resound, 
 Ex 158. 
 
 J»urfan, ]>orfte, pret. pres., to 
 need, xcant, desire, Ex. 425. 
 
 >urh, prep. w. ace, through, by 
 means of. (a) local, Ex. 572, 
 D. 281,461. (h) inst.,Ex. 262, 
 D. 4, 51, 146, 316. (c) causal, 
 
 D. 48. (d) confirmatory (by 
 oath), hurh his . . . l!f, Ex. 433. 
 
 }>urstig, adj., thirsty, greedy, de- 
 sirous, Ex. 182. 
 
 )>urh-gledan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 
 1, M. 6, to heat through, D. 244. 
 
 J>urh-\vadan, Avod, waden, st. 
 v., S. 2, M. 4, to penetrate, go 
 through, invade, D. 464. 
 
 J>us, adv., thus, so, D. 324. 
 
 Jjusend, num., thousand, Ex. 184, 
 M. 141. 
 
 >usend-mailuin, adv., thousand- 
 fold, by thousands, Ex. 190. 
 
 \>y, see se. 
 
 >y-l^s, conj. \>y lae« (\>ii) = lest 
 that. 
 
 )>yncan, see Jjincan. 
 
 U. 
 
 ufan, adv.,//'om above, above, D. 
 509. 
 
 uht-tid, -e, St. f., dawn, tidlight- 
 tide. on nht-tid = about dawn, 
 Ex. 216 (3 to 6 A.M.). 
 
 uii-blij>(e), adj., joyless, unkind, 
 D. 127, 134. 
 
 im-ce'apunga, vl(\\., freely, gratui- 
 tously, D. 740. 
 
 un-cu)>, adj., unknown, strange, 
 Ex. 58, 313. 
 
 under, prep. w. dat. and ace, un- 
 der, below, beneath, Ex. 228, 236, 
 376, D. 61. under hand = Mito 
 the poicer of, D. 71. 
 
 un-for-baenied, part, adj., un- 
 burnt, D. 272. 
 
 un-forht, adj., fearless, bold, un- 
 terrified, Ex. 180, 328. As adv., 
 Ex. 335. 
 
 un-ge-lic, adj., unlike, D. 112. 
 
 un-ge-sce'ad, adv., undauntedly, 
 boldly, very, D. 243.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 139 
 
 iin grund, adj., boundless, vast, 
 unfathomable, Ex. 508. 
 
 un-hleb'vv, adj., offering no pro- 
 tection, Ex. 494. 
 
 iin-hold, adj., unfriendly, angry, 
 irrath ; (of the Israelites), D. 34. 
 
 uii-lytel, adj., great, vast, D. 552. 
 
 unuiiu, pret. pres., uj»e, to give, 
 grant, present, ic oii(an) = / 
 give, Ex. 260. 
 
 un-r&d, -es, st. m., evil counsel, 
 fdly, D. 186. 
 
 uii-riht, -es, st. n., lorong, evil, 
 injustice, sin, D. 23, 187, 685. 
 
 uii-riht-dOni, -es, st. m., unright- 
 eousness, sin, D. 183. 
 
 iin-rim, -es, st. m., countless , vast 
 mimber, Ex. 261, D. 70, 324. 
 Also adj., countless. 
 
 un-ryht, see un-riht. 
 
 uu-scende, see un-scynde. 
 
 un-scynde, adj., bla7neless, honor- 
 able, not to be ashamed of, D. 
 763. 
 
 un-s'wiciende, adj. and part., im- 
 perishable, unceasing, eternal, 
 Ex. 424. 
 
 un-wac-lice, adv., strong,!). 674. 
 
 un-weaxen, adj. pp., ungrown, 
 young ; (of Isaac), Ex. 412. 
 
 up, adv., up, above, upvjard; (of 
 motion), Ex. 200, 253, 411; up 
 above, above, Ex. 461. 
 
 up-cyme, -es, st. m., rising, ori- 
 gin, source, D. 385. 
 
 up-lang, adj., upriglit, erect, Ex. 
 303. 
 
 uppe, adv., above. Also adj., 
 above, high up, exalted, D. 195. 
 
 up-rad, see up-ridan. 
 
 up-ridan, rad, riden, st. v., S. 6, 
 M. 2, to ride, move ttp, rise. 
 fana up-rad — the standard up- 
 rose, Ex. 248. 
 
 up-rodor, -es, st. m., heaven, fir- 
 mament, Ex. 429, 544. 
 
 user (fire), pos. pro., our, ours, 
 (of us), D. 292, 298. 
 
 usic, see ic. 
 
 fit, adv., out, icithout, Ex. 187, D. 
 429. of Egyptum fit, D. 6. 
 
 utan, adv., (uton), outside, 'with- 
 out. 
 
 utan = wntau = let us (go) . 
 
 W. 
 
 wac, adj., weal-, timid, coicardly, 
 soft, Ex. 233. 
 
 wacian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to ivealien, yield, languish. 
 
 ^vadan, wOd, waden, (wseden), 
 St. v., S. 2, M. 4, to press througlt, 
 move, go through, Ex. 311. 
 
 ■waeccende, part., %mtching , watch- 
 ful, awake, Ex. 213. 
 
 w&d, -e, St. f. (-e, st. u. plu.), 
 clothing, garments, D. 103, 634. 
 
 w^fre, adj., wavering, unsteady, 
 unquiet, D. 241. 
 
 ^vfeg, see wegan. 
 
 wseg, -es, St. m., wall, partition, 
 Ex. 483; (of waves), Ex. 494, 
 D. 723. 
 
 w£eg, -es, st. m., wave, billo^v, 
 sea. mid wsege, Ex. 457, 466, 
 D. 323. 
 
 ■\v&g-faru, -e, st. f., sea-path, 
 course, Ex. 298. 
 
 Av^g-streain , -es, st. m., wave- 
 stream, loave, sea, ocean, Ex. 
 311. 
 
 ■wsel-ben(n)e, st. f., death wound, 
 mortal ivound, battle wound, Ex. 
 491. 
 
 wael-celisega, -an, wk. m., battle- 
 chooser, carrion-chooser, raven, 
 Ex. 164. (wa;l-c^asig, adj.)
 
 140 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 W8el-fa5j»m, -es, st. m., grasp of 
 death, fatal embrace, Ex. 
 480. 
 
 wael-gryre, -es, st. m., deadly 
 horror, dread, terror of battle, 
 Ex. 137. 
 
 wael-hlence, -an, wk. f., battle- 
 link, chain, armor, shirt-of-mail , 
 Ex. 176. 
 
 wael-hreow, adj., savage in 
 slaughter, cruel; (of Babyloni- 
 ans), D. 53. 
 
 wael-mist, -es, st. m., battle-mist, 
 death-mist, mist, Ex. 450. 
 
 wael-nc(t)t, -es, st. n., death-net, 
 battle-net, Ex. 202. 
 
 ■W8el-niJ>, -es, st. m., deadly hos- 
 tility, enmity, icar, D. 4G. 
 
 wael-sliht, -es, st. m. and (n.), 
 (sleaht), slaughter in battle, 
 massacre, slaughter, Ex. 328. 
 
 w&p(e)n, -es, st. n., loeapon, piece 
 of armor, shield, spear, sword, 
 Ex. 20, 328, 450. waepna lafe 
 {survivors) , D. 74. 
 
 ■w^pned-cyn, -es, st. n., male- 
 kin, race, tribe, Ex. 188. 
 
 w&r, -e, St. f., covenant, agree- 
 ment, promise, Ex. 140. wsei'e 
 frseton = broke the covenant, 
 Ex. 147, 387, 421. 
 
 wfere, -an, wk. f., see w&r. 
 
 w&r-fjest, acl]-, faithful, true, D. 
 194. 
 
 waer-genga, -an, wk. m., a toan- 
 derer, traveller, D. 063. 
 
 ■waes, see wesan. 
 
 ■waestm, -es, st. m. and n. (-e, f.), 
 growt?i, stature, bodily strength, 
 abundance. he wa;stmum = 
 according to bodily strength, Ex. 
 243. 
 
 vvteter, -es, st. n., water, Ex. 283, 
 450. 
 
 wa;ter-scipe, -es, st. m., collec- 
 tion of vxtters, vmter-floods , 
 floods, D. 38'.). 
 
 waiter-spring, -es, st. m., 
 (sprync), water-spring, whirl- 
 pool, eddy, I). 386. 
 
 wa;ter-sprync, see above. 
 
 w5ij>an, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to roam, wander, Ex. 480. 
 
 wafian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to waver, hesitate, stare, he 
 astonished. hailej> wafedon = 
 the warriors wavered, Ex. 78. 
 
 wah(g), -es, st. m., see waeg. 
 
 waldend, -es, st. m. and part., 
 guide, ruler, king, lord; (of 
 God), Ex. 16, 421, 432, U. 13, 
 241. 
 
 ^vani, see worn. 
 
 wan, see won. 
 
 w^and, see Avindan. 
 
 w^andian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to hesitate, desist, D. 550. 
 
 waru, -e, st. f. plu., citizenship, 
 citizens, used only in com- 
 pounds. 
 
 wat, see writan. 
 
 AvaJ>, -e, St. f., aioay, ivandering. 
 
 w^a]»enia, -an, wk. m., flood, 
 stream, sea. (waj>uiiia.) 
 
 wraj>u, -e, St. f., a loay, course, D. 
 G63. 
 
 wa]>uni, -es, st. m., loave, billow, 
 water-stream, Ex. 471. 
 
 we, see ic. 
 
 wea, -an, wk. m., vjoe, misery, 
 trouble, wean on weinim = in 
 expectation of misery, Ex. 213. 
 Appos. with 6]it-uft;d, Ex. 
 140(?), D. 591. 
 
 well, adj., %ooful. 
 
 w^ealdan, we^old, wealden, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to wield, rule, 
 exercise authority over, guide.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 141 
 
 sihe we'bld = {/uided the journey, 
 Ex. 105, D. 9, 523. 
 
 wealdeurt, see ^valdend. 
 
 Avealh-stOd, -es, st. ni., interpre- 
 ter, Ex. 522. 
 
 ■weall, -es, st. m., wall, rampart, 
 (cliff), Ex. 305, 571, D. GOO. 
 
 weal(l)-faesten, -es, st. n., ram- 
 part, castle, fortress, and weal- 
 faesten = into a rampart, Ex. 
 283. 
 
 weallan, we'bl(l), ■weallen, st. 
 v., S. 1, M. 5, to luell up, gush 
 out, rock, (sioell). webllou 
 Wfel-benna = death wounds 
 swelled, Ex. 4i)l(?). 
 
 we'an, -es, st. m., misfortune, 
 ruin, D. 591 (?). 
 
 w^eard, -e, st. f. , see weard. 
 
 weard, -es, st. m., giiardian, pro- 
 tector, lord, Ex. 221, 503; (of 
 God), Ex. 433, 485, D. 12, 26, 
 104, 117. bau-huses weard 
 (mind, spirit), Ex. 523. Also 
 ■watch, protection, D. 235. 
 
 weardian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6, to guard, protect, defend, 
 D. 665. 
 
 weannlic, adj., toarm, D. 350. 
 
 wearjj, see weorJ>aii. 
 
 weccan, lite, wk. v., S. 1, M. G, 
 to arouse, ivake, excite, D. 577. 
 
 wecgau, ede, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to move, agitate, D. 389, 577(?). 
 
 wedan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to rage, rave, storm, Ex. 489. 
 
 weder, -es, st. n., (iceather), air, 
 D. 347. liolmegum wedrnni = 
 through stormy weather, Ex. lis. 
 
 vsreder-wolcen, -es, st. n., cloud 
 in the air, cloud, Ex. 75. 
 
 •wefan, waef, wefen, st. v., S. 5, 
 M. 1, to contrive, project, waes 
 = wa3f, D. 119(?). 
 
 weg, -es, St. m., vmy, path, road, 
 course, Ex. 283. >jer ser wcgas 
 lagon = lay the ways, Ex. 457 ; 
 ou-weg= aioay, D. 513. 
 
 wegan, ^vieg, ^vegen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. 1, to hear, carry, move, 
 Ex. 157,572. \\&goi\ = moved, 
 Ex. 180. 
 
 wela, -an, wk. iii., ivcal, prosper- 
 ity, wealth, D. 9, 645. 
 
 Aveiiiiiian, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, 
 M. 6, to abuse, revile. 
 
 wen, -ne, st. f., see -wena. 
 
 ^vena, -an, wk. m., (weening), 
 hope, expectation, setes on we- 
 nan = 7"rt hope of, Ex. 165, 176, 
 213. 
 
 weuan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to iceen, hope, expect, D. 530. 
 wendan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 
 6, to we)id, turn, turn about, in- 
 terpret, wendan ne miht, D. 
 747. 
 
 w(e)oh(g), -es, st. m., see wig. 
 
 weold, see w^ealdan. 
 
 'vv(e)orc, -es, st. n., work, 
 deed, something made, labor, 
 grief, (evil tcork), D. 44, 268. 
 weorc gode = grief to God, D. 
 24. 
 
 w(e)orc-J>e'bw, -es, st. n., slave, 
 servant; (of Israel), D. 74. 
 
 w(e)orc-l>e"owa, -an, wk. m., see 
 ■weore-J>e"ow^. 
 
 weorpan, wearp, worpen, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to cast, throw, D. 
 245. 
 
 w^eorjjan, wear]>, ^vorden, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to be, become, happen, 
 escape, Ex. 142, 144, 154, D. 33, 
 124, 178. fa;)>me weorpan = 
 escape from the grasp of. Ex 
 294. 
 
 weorJ>ian, see w^urj>ian.
 
 142 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 weorJ>-niynd, -cs, st. n., see 
 
 wurj>-inyii(l. 
 >vcoruld, see \voriild. 
 
 wer, -es, st. in., man, person, 
 Ex. 3, 149, U. <J7. 
 
 wer-beain, -es, St. n., {tree of de- 
 fence), warrior, strong man ; (of 
 Egyptians), Ex. 480. 
 
 ^verg(i)aii, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. G, to curse, denounce. 
 
 weri(ge)an, Avk. v., (^vergau), see 
 weriau. 
 
 werian, ede, ed, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to defend, protect, (juard, icard 
 off, hinder, Ex. 202. (se has 
 fyrd) yveYe\>— protects. 
 
 werig, adj., acciirsed. 
 
 werig, adj., weary, dependent, un- 
 strung, unhappy, Ex. 130, D. 
 268. 
 
 •weri(g)end, part, sub., -es, m., 
 defender, guardian, protector; 
 (of Egyptians), Ex. 588. 
 
 werod, -es, st. u., (wered), band, 
 host, multitude, Ex. 100, 299 
 (Israel), Ex. 564 (Babylonians), 
 D. 44, 53, Ex. 194 (Egyptians), 
 (Israel) D. 13, 27. 
 
 werud, see werod, Ex. 204, 567. 
 
 wer-]>e'bd, -e, st. f., folk, peoptle, 
 men, Ex. 383, 519. " 
 
 wesan, ^vaes, ge-wesen, irreg., 
 he, Ex. 12, 19, 22, etc., D. 3, 7. 
 As auxiliary, Ex. 33, 35, 43, D. 
 113, 124. 
 
 west, adv., ivest, toestioard, D. 53, 
 76. wests, adj., waste. 
 
 westen, -es, st. n., waste, desert, 
 solitude, Ex. 8, 123, D. 559, 622. 
 westen-gryre, -es, st. m., desert- 
 horror, dread of the icaste, Ex. 
 117 (inst.). 
 w^ic, -es, St. n., camp, dwelling- 
 place, house, village, Ex. 87, 
 
 133. Used in coniijounds, 
 wic-stede, etc. 
 
 w^ican, wac, w^icen, st. v., S. 6, 
 M. 2, to yield, fall down, give 
 loay, Ex. 483. 
 
 w^ie(c)uiig-dOin, -es, st. m., 
 magic, witchcraft, D. 121. 
 
 wician, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to dwell, tarry, sojourn, rest 
 in, Ex. 117. 
 
 Avic-steal, -es, st. ni., camp, camp- 
 ing-ground, Ex. 92. 
 
 wid, adj., icide, vast, broad, long, 
 tddespread, Ex. 42, 75, D. 121. 
 to widan feore =/ore«er, Ex. 
 547. 
 
 wide, adv., widely, far and wide, 
 Ex. 39, 480, D. 628, 647. 
 
 wide-ferhj>, -es, st. m. and n., 
 lo)ig life, long time, —for a 
 long time, Ex. 51, D. 407 (?). 
 
 ■wif, -es, St. n., woman, female, 
 (wife), Ex. 576. 
 
 wig, -es, St. m., idol, image, tem- 
 ple, D. 201, 208. 
 
 wig, -es, St. m. and n., war, bat- 
 tle, skill in ivar, Ex. 176, 243. 
 wearj> wig gifen = success in 
 battle loas given, D. 5. 
 
 ■wiga, -an, wk. m., warrior, sol- 
 dier, fighter, Ex. 188, 311, D. 5. 
 
 w^ig-bed, -es, st. u., altar, place 
 of sacrifice. 
 
 ■wig-blac, adj., brilliant in battle 
 gear, battle-shining , Ex. 204. 
 
 ^vig-bord, -es, st. n., battle-shield, 
 shield, Ex. 466. 
 
 wigend, -es, st. m. and part. , war- 
 rior, fighter, Ex. 180, 328. 
 wig-gyld, -es, st. m., idol, shrine. 
 w^ig-lebj>, -es, st. n., vmr-song, 
 
 battle-cry, Ex. 221. 
 wig-lie, adj., war-like, martial, 
 Ex. 233.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 143 
 
 wig-trod, -e, St. f., ^oarlike cxpe- 
 (lUio)i, army, Ex. 491. 
 
 wih-gyld, -es, St. n., see Avig- 
 gyld, D. 182. 
 
 wiht, -e, St. f., ^rhit, thing, cns- 
 tuvi, VHiihl, 1). 140, 201, 4(!S. 
 
 wild, adj., vhUI, savage, D. ;><S!), 
 GG3. 
 
 >vild-debr, -es, st. n., loikl beast, 
 beast, U. 505, 51:^. 
 
 willa, -an, \vk. in., vhU, loisfi, de- 
 sire, joy. bad willan = awaited 
 the v-ill, Ex. 551, D. 290, 581. 
 
 willan, pret. pres., w^olde, to 
 wish, vnll, desire, Ex. 150, D. 
 203. se ^e \vi\le= he loho will, 
 Ex. 7 ; wolde = wolden, D. 214 ; 
 be willing to, D. 11 ; be about to, 
 Ex. 400, 411, 504, D. 85 ; future 
 sense, Ex. 527, 557. 
 
 wilnian, ode, od, (ede, ed), wk. 
 v., S. 2, M. G, to wis/i, ivill, en- 
 treat, D. 215. wiluedan = wilne- 
 den, D. 222. 
 
 win, -es, st. n., tinne, D. 696. 
 
 win-burg, -e, st. f., wine-city, 
 city of feasts, city, (Jerusalem), 
 D. 58. win-burh, beloved city, 
 D. 622. 
 
 wind, -es, st. ra., vnnd, D. 278. 
 
 ■vvindan, wand, wunden, st. v., 
 S. 3, M. 1, to wind, turn one's 
 self, twist, move, stir, fly, wave. 
 hufas yv\\\\(\ow— standards waved 
 over, Ex. 342. 
 
 windig, adj., windy, breezy, D. 349. 
 
 win-druucen, adj. (part.), wine- 
 drunken, drunken, D. 753. 
 w^ine-leas, &,([]., friendless, D. 569. 
 w^in-gal, &([]., intoxicated, elated 
 
 with ivine, joyous, D. 116. 
 winnan, wan(n), w^unnen, st. 
 v., S. 3, M. 1, to strive, struggle, 
 fight, Ex. 514. 
 
 w^insum, adj., see wynsuin. 
 
 winter, -es, st. m. and n., winter ; 
 plu., years, seasons, D. 578. 
 
 winter-biter, adj., cold, wintry, 
 1). 379. 
 
 w^in-J>ege, -an, wk. f., see next. 
 
 win-J»egu, -e, st. f., wine-feast, 
 banquet, drinking, D. 17. 
 
 wis, adj., trise, knowing, saga- 
 cious, Ex. 377 ; (Solomon) , Ex. 
 393, D. 418. 
 
 wisa, -an, wk. m., ivise man, 
 guide, leader, Ex. 258, 540, D. 
 203. 
 
 wisan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to point o^it, show, instruct, 
 guide, D. 35. 
 
 wisdOm, -es, st. m., wisdom, 
 knowledge, D. 27, 96. 
 
 w^isian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 G, to guide, instruct, Ex. 348. 
 See Avisan. 
 
 wis-lic, adj., loise, sagacious, Ex. 
 526. 
 
 ■wis-lice, adv., loisely, D. 160. 
 
 wist, -e, at.f., food, nourishment, 
 Ex. 130, D. 103. 
 
 Aviste, see ^vitan. 
 
 ■witan, pret. pres., wiste (w^isse), 
 to knoio, know of, be acquainted 
 icith, Ex. 29, 69, 291. ne wisse 
 = did not know of, Ex. 409, D. 
 125, 182. 
 
 wite, -es, st. m., punishment, dis- 
 tress, misery, Ex. 33, 140, D. 
 270, 523. 
 
 wit(e)ga, -an, Avk. m., seer, 
 prophet, Ex. 390. witgeau {ma- 
 gicians), D. 41, 149. 
 wite-rOd, -e, st. f., rod of pun- 
 ishment (?). 
 witian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, toprescril)e, appoint, laydoum, 
 pass, destined, witodre wyrde
 
 lU 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 = appointed fate, Ex. 471. As 
 uouu, Avitodes, Ex. 551, laio. Gr. 
 
 witig, adj., wise, coynizant, Ex. 
 25, 80, D. 404. 
 
 witig-dom, -es, st. m., prophecy, 
 prediction, D. 14G. 
 
 wit(ig)ian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. G, to prophesy, predict, 1). 480, 
 546. 
 
 witod, adj., appointed, destined, 
 D. 576. (wit-rod = magic rod, 
 Ex. 491 (?).) 
 
 \vi-trod, -e, st. f., an expedition. 
 See wig-trod, Ex. 471, 491. 
 
 ■wij>, prep. w. gen., dat., and ace, 
 tvith, against, from, before, at, 
 to, beside, by, for. (a) separa- 
 tion =/rom, away from, D. 21. 
 (/)) from, «^«ins«= protection, 
 Ex. 20, 72, 224, 237, D. 279, 4G7. 
 (c) hostility = against, Ex. 514. 
 wih (hone segn foran) = before, 
 Ex. 172. 
 
 ^vi}>er-breca, -an, wk. m., antag- 
 onist, enemy, D. 5GG. 
 
 wijj-faran, for, faren, st. v., S. 
 2, M. 4, to escape, elude, come 
 away from, Ex. 573. 
 
 wlanc, adj., jwond, harighty, 
 stately, rich, glad, Ex. 170, 48G; 
 (of Nebuch.), D. 26. 
 
 wlanc, -e, st. f., pride, arrogance, 
 Ex. 204. 
 
 w^lance, -es, st. m., see wlanc. 
 
 wlenco, see wlanc, D. 678. 
 
 wllte, -es, St. m., form, figure, 
 face, beauty, D. 240, 268. 
 
 w^lite-se'bn, -e, st. f., sight, as- 
 pect. 
 
 w^lite-scyne, adj., beautiful in 
 face, beautiful, D. 338(?). = 
 wlite-se'bn. 
 
 wlitig, adj., beauteous, lovely, D. 
 286. 
 
 wliti(g)an, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 
 2, M. 6, to beautify, ennoble, D. 
 
 327. 
 w^Od, see wadan. 
 w^6d, adj., raging, mad, T>. 616, 
 
 628. 
 wolc(e)u, -es, st. n., cloud, {wel- 
 kin), Ex. 80, 298, D. 350, 624. 
 wolcen-faru, -e, st. f., flying of 
 
 clouds, cloud-drift or course, D. 
 
 379. 
 ■woni(ni), -es, st. m. and n., spot, 
 
 stain, crime, sin, Ex. 532, D. 24. 
 w6m, -es, st. m., shouting, lamen- 
 tation. 
 AvOnia, -an, wk. m., noise, tumult, 
 
 terror, vision, dream, Ex. 110, 
 
 202, D. 100, 118, 539. 
 won(n), adj., (wan), dark, lurid, 
 
 black, Ex. 164. 
 AvOp, -es, St. m., (hw^eop), cry, 
 
 lamentation, weeping, (lohoop), 
 
 Ex. 42, 200. 
 word, -es, st. n., ivord, speech. 
 
 wordum usegde = addressed, Ex. 
 
 23, D. 125 ; emphatic, wordum 
 
 secgah, Ex. 377, 437, 521, D. 97. 
 w^ord-cw^ide, see next. 
 w^ord-cwyde, -es, st. m., speech, 
 
 language, command, utterance, 
 
 D. 327, 537. 
 w^ord-gleliw^, adj., word-clever, 
 
 fluent, D. 418. 
 word-riht, -es, st. n., written law, 
 
 laii\ Ex. 3, right icord. 
 worhte, see w^yrcan. 
 w^orn, -es, st. m., number, multi- 
 tude, great number, Ex. 56, 195, 
 
 D. 76, 325. 
 woruld, -e, st. f., xoorld, Ex. 25, 
 
 D. HI. Also weoruld. 
 woruld-craeft, -es, st. m., earthly 
 
 unt, earthly wisdom, D. 364. 
 
 Also weoruld.
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 145 
 
 woruld-dream , -es, st. m. , world- 
 joy, joy. woruld-clreama lyt — 
 little joy, Ex. 42. 
 
 woruld-ge-sceaft, -e, st. f ., earthly 
 creature, toorlcl, D. 332. 
 
 woruld-lif, -es, st. n., lifetime, 
 life in the icoi'ld, D. 103. 
 
 woruld-rice, -es, st. n., kingdom 
 of the world, loorld, Ex. 365, 393, 
 D. 589. 
 
 ■woruld-sped, -e, st. f., success in 
 the world, success, D. 290. 
 
 wra(e)cu, -e, st. f., vengeance, 
 punishment, D. 309. 
 
 wraec, -es, st. n., exile, banish- 
 ment, misery ; (of Abraham), Ex. 
 383. on wroec = into exile, D. 569. 
 
 ■jvraecca, -an, wk. m., an exile, a 
 fugitive, miserable one, (loretch) , 
 Ex. 532, D. 634. 
 
 wraec-lic, adj., strange, wondrous, 
 foreign, Ex. 3, D. 270; Ex. 3-6, 
 appositive and parenthetical. 
 
 ■wraec-man (men), -es, st. m., 
 exile, fugitive, Ex. 137 (Israel). 
 
 wrsest, adj., fixed, firm, lasting ; 
 comp., D. 182, better. 
 
 wraetlic, adj., ornamental, strange, 
 wonderful, Ex. 298. 
 
 •wraj>, adj., wroth, hostile. As 
 nomi, Ex. 20. 
 
 wrecan, wraec, "wrecen, st. v., S. 
 
 5, M. 1, to drive, force, expel, 
 avenge, D. 577. 
 
 wreccan, hte, wk. v., S. 2, M. 6, 
 to incite, arouse, D. 577. 
 
 wrec(ce), adj., exiled, miserable, 
 Ex. 532. 
 
 writan, w^rat, writen, st. v., S. 
 
 6, M. 2, to write, record, D. 723, 
 727. 
 
 wrObt, -e, st. f. (m., -es), strife, 
 hostility, discord, reproach, sin, 
 harm, Ex. 147, D. 240. 
 
 wudu, -a, St. m. (-es), wood, D. 
 245. 
 
 wudu-beain, -es, st. m., forest 
 tree, tree, D. 499, 505. 
 
 wuldor, -es, st. n., glory, fame, 
 praise, Ex. 86, 100, D. 13, 59. 
 
 wuldor-cyning, -es, st. m., king 
 of glory, glorious king, God, D. 
 309, 427. 
 
 ■wuldor-faest, adj., glorious, fa- 
 mous ; (of Solomon), Ex. 390, D. 
 286. 
 
 wuldor-ge-steald, -es, st. n. 
 (plu.), glorious possessions, 
 riches, Ex. 588. 
 
 wuldor-hama, -an, wk. m., garb 
 of glory, brilliant robe, D. 338. 
 
 wulf, -es, St. m., xvolf, Ex. 164. 
 
 wnlf-heort, adj., wolf-hearted, 
 cruel, hard-hearted, D. 116, 135. 
 
 vvunden, adj., bent, tioisted, D. 
 673. 
 
 wundor, -es, st. n., wonder, mar- 
 vel, miracle, Ex. 10, 108, 551, 
 D. Ill, 444. wundrum, adv. 
 
 wundor-lic, adj., strange, won- 
 drous, D. 634. 
 
 wunian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, M. 
 6, to divell, abide, last, accustom, 
 D. 123, 367. 
 
 wurdon, see TveorJ^an. 
 
 wurj>an = wurj^en ; see weorJ»an. 
 
 wurjjian, ode, od, wk. v., S. 2, 
 M. 6 (wnrjngean), to esteem, re- 
 spect, honor, adorn, D. 182,208, 
 260. Also ede, ed. 
 
 wur]>-mynd, -e, st. f., honor, 
 dignity, D. 610. wurj>-myndum 
 = in a dignified manner, Ex. 258. 
 
 wntan, wuton (with inf.), let us. 
 
 wyll, -es, St. m., loell, spring, D. 
 386. 
 
 wylla, -an, wk. m. (-e, -an, f.), 
 see Avyll.
 
 146 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 wyllan, see willan. 
 
 wylm, -es, st. m., wellinrj, surg- 
 ing, surf, flood, D. 214, 241 ; 
 surging {of flames'), D. 464. 
 
 •wyii(n), -e, St. f., joy, pleasure, 
 delight, Ex. 531. 
 
 wynsum, ad]., winsome, pleasing, 
 D. 347. 
 
 Tvyrc(e)an, worhte, ge-worht, 
 wk. v., S. 1, M. 2, to loork, 
 make, create, establish, Ex. 25. 
 wyrce> waeter =/onns the water, 
 Ex. 282, D. 266; wyrcan = to 
 act (loith impunity), D. 591. 
 
 wyrd, -e, St. f.,fate, destiny; (of 
 God), Ex. 432, 457, 471, D. 132, 
 149, 471. 
 
 wyrin, -es, st. m., worm, Ex. 536. 
 
 ■wyrnan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 
 6, to refuse, deny, reject, pro- 
 hibit, Ex. 51. 
 
 wyrpan, te, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to rest, refresh one's self, recover, 
 return, wyrpton hie = rested 
 (threw themselves down), Ex. 
 130. 
 
 wyrresta, see yfel, D. 215, 305. 
 
 wyrt, -e, st. f., a root, herb, D. 
 499. 
 
 ■wyrt-(t)ruina, -an, wk. m., root- 
 stock, root, D. 516, 559, 581. 
 
 Y. 
 
 yean, yhte, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, to 
 
 increase, enlarge, D. 318. 
 yfel, wyrsa, wyrst (^vy^^esta), 
 
 adj., D. 187. 
 
 yfel, -es, st. n.,evil, evil thing ; (of 
 hell), Ex. 537. 
 
 ylde, m. plu., men, people, hu- 
 manity, Ex. 436, D. 106, 112. 
 
 yldo, indec. f., age, old age, time, 
 era. yldo beam = men of the 
 
 time, Ex. 28; j\do=old age, 
 Ex. 539. 
 
 yldra, see eald. 
 
 yldran, -ena, plu. m., ancestors, 
 parents, I). 298. 
 
 yld(u), -e, St. f., see yldo. 
 
 ymb, prep. w. ace. and dat., 
 around, about, at, Ex. 180, D. 
 248, 254. Temporal = about, 
 after, Ex. 63 ; causal = on ac- 
 count of, Ex. 145. 
 
 ymb-hweorft (hwyrft), -es, st. 
 m., rotation, environment, cir- 
 cuit, Ex. 26 ; circle of the earth, 
 Ex. 429. 
 
 ymb-utan, adv. and prep., about, 
 around. 
 
 ymb-wician, ode, od, wk. v., S. 
 2, M. 6, to encamp about, dwell 
 around, Ex. 65. 
 
 ymb-wicigean, see above. 
 
 ypping, -e, st. f., expanse, brun 
 yppinge, the brovm expanses, 
 Ex. 498. 
 
 yrfe-laf, -e, st. f., heir, one left to 
 heir ; (of Isaac), Ex. 403. 
 
 yrfe-weard, -es, st. \)l\., heir, guar- 
 dian, Ex. 142. 
 
 yrnij>, see yrnij>u. 
 
 yrmjju, -e, st. f., distress, misery, 
 Ex. 265. 
 
 yrre, adj., wroth, Ex. 505, D. 210, 
 224. Also, xcrong, erring, con- 
 fused. 
 
 y>an, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to waste, destroy. 
 
 yj>(u), -e, st. f., toave, flood, bil- 
 low, Ex. 282, 288. 
 
 y]j-laf, -e, st. f., loave-remnant, 
 sand, shore, Ex. 585. 
 
 ^wan, de, ed, wk. v., S. 1, M. 6, 
 to show, reveal, a7inounce, ap- 
 pear. \>e him yw^^l W8es = 
 which to him was revealed, D. 162.
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS.
 
 OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 
 
 [ANGLO-SAXON.] 
 
 Beowulf : An Anglo-Saxon Poem. 
 
 (Vol. I. of the Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry.) 
 
 Contains also the Fight at Finnsburh-. With Text and Glossary on the 
 basis of Heyne's fourth edition, edited, corrected, and enlarged by 
 James A. Harrison, Professor of English and Modern Languages, 
 Washington and Lee University, and Robert Sharp, Professor of 
 Greek and English, Tulaue University of Louisiana. Third Edition, 
 revised. 12mo. Cloth. x + 325 pages. Mailing Price, $1.25; Introduc- 
 tion, $1.12. 
 
 rnrilS edition is designed primarily for college classes. It has 
 been recommended by Professors Uowden and Nicoll to their 
 classes in the Universities of Dublin and Glasgow. 
 
 F. A. March, Prof, of Analo-Saxon, 
 Lafayciie College: The best there is 
 for class use. 
 
 Hiram Corson, Prof. Eng., Cornell 
 Univ. : Altogether the one best adapt- 
 ed to the wants of American students. 
 
 Ccedmon's Exodus and Daniel. 
 
 (Vol. II. of the Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry.) 
 
 Edited from Grein, with Notes and Glossary, by Theodore W. Hunt, 
 Professor of Rhetoric and English Language in Princeton College. 
 Third Edition, revised. 12mo. Cloth. i21 pages. Mailing Price, 65 
 cents ; Introduction, 60 cents. The Glossary has been much enlarged. 
 
 F. A. March, Lafayette College : It 1 American publish a neat and conven- 
 is a matter of honest pride to see an I ient edition of it. 
 
 Andreas: A Legend of St Andrew. 
 
 (Vol. III. of the Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry.) 
 
 Edited, with Critical Notes, by W. M. Baskervill, Professor of English 
 Language and Literature in the Vanderbilt University. Text and Notes, 
 viii + 78 pages. Paper. 25 cents. To be issued soon in Cloth, with 
 Glossary. See the Announcements. 
 
 T. W. Hunt, of Princeton College : 
 It is very neatly issued, and in text 
 and notes is liighly satisfactory. 
 
 Modern Language Notes (J. W, 
 
 Bright) : The editor's work bears 
 the stamp of great eare and industry.
 
 OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 25 
 
 The Phonological Inuestigation of Old English. 
 
 Illustrated by a series of .TO prohlenis. By Alp.ert S. Cook, Professor 
 ot the Lnghsh Laiif^uajje and Literature in Yale University. 12mo. 
 Paper. 26 pages. Pnee by mail, 22 cents ; for introduction, 20 cents. 
 
 Chaucer's Parlament of Foules. 
 
 A revised Text, with Literary and Grammatical Introduction, Notes 
 '^f'^ffl ^A\ ?'T4^"'l- u^y/^- ^- LoTTNSBUBY, Professor of English in the 
 Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University. 12mo. Cloth. Ill naees 
 Price by mail, 55 cents; for introduction, 50 cents. 
 
 F. J. Child, Prof, of English Liter- I so good a book that I am inclined to 
 ature m Harvard University : It is I slight even better poetry for it. 
 
 Cynewulf's Elene. 
 
 {Vol. VI. of the Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry.) 
 
 Edited with Introduction, Latin Original, and Complete Glossary. By 
 Charles W^ Kent, Professor of Euglish and Modern Languages in the 
 University of Tennessee. 12mo. Cloth, vi + 149 pages. Mailing Price, 
 65 cents; Introduction, GO cents. 
 
 nnilE introduction contains an account of the manusci-ii^t, author, 
 sources, theme of poem, etc., as well as a discussion of the 
 versification, particularly of rhyme. The text is accompanied by 
 the Latin original at the foot of each page. The notes are copious, 
 and the glossary is unusually full. 
 
 T. W. Hunt, Prof, of Enc/lish, 
 Princeton College, N.J. : In correct- 
 ness of text, in judicious explana- 
 tions by way of notes, and especially 
 
 in the critical and comprehensive 
 glossary. Dr. Kent has given us an 
 admirable piece of editorial work. 
 {Sept. 4, 1889.) 
 
 Elene; Judith; Athelstan, or the Fight at Bru- 
 
 nanburh ; and Byrhtnotb, or the Fight at Maldon : Anglo-Saxon Poems. 
 
 Translated by James M. Garnett, M. A., LL.D., Professor of the English 
 Language and Literature in the University of Virginia ; Translator of 
 Beowulf. Square 12mo. Cloth, xvi + 70 pages. Mailing Price, $1.00; 
 Introduction, 90 cents. 
 
 npHESE translations, made from the texts of Zupitza, Grein, 
 Sweet, Korner, and Grein-Wiilker, comjirise about 2100 lines 
 of Old English poetry. They are line-for-line, and are accom- 
 panied by a brief introduction and occasional notes. 
 
 Albert S. Cook, Prof, of English, 
 Tale College : These translations are 
 faithful and scholarly and will be of 
 great service to students of Old Eng- 
 
 lish poetry, and to all those who, for 
 any reason, are interested in the ear- 
 liest literary productions of the Eng- 
 lish race.
 
 26 
 
 OLD AND MIDDLE ENGLISH. 
 
 Carpenter's Anglo-Saxon Grammar and Reader. 
 
 By Stephen H. Carpenter, late Professor of Rhetoric and English 
 Literature in the University of Wisconsin. 12mo. Cloth. 218 paees, 
 Mailing Price, 70 cents ; Introduction, GO cents. 
 
 Carpenter's English of the XIV. Century. 
 
 By Stephen H. Carpenter. 12mo. Cloth. 327 pages. Mailing Price. 
 $1.00; Introduction, 90 cents. b ^^$ 
 
 TLLUSTRATED by Notes, Grammatical and Philological, on 
 Chaucer's Prologue and Knight's Tale, and so forming an excel- 
 lent introduction to that author. 
 
 Ueber Thomas Castelford's Ghronik uon England. 
 
 Doctorate Thesis in German. By Professor M. L. Perrin of Boston Uni- 
 versity. 8vo. Paper. 47 pages. By mail, 50 cents. 
 
 Beowulf, and The Fight at Finnsburh. 
 
 Translated by James M. Garnett, M.A., LL.D., Professor of the 
 English Language and Literature in the University of Virginia. With 
 Facsimile of the Unique Manuscript in the British Museum, Cotton. 
 Vitellius A XV. Third Edition, revised. 12mo. Cloth. 156 pages. 
 Mailing Price, Sl.lO; Introduction, $1.00. 
 
 Francis A. March, Prof, of Com- 
 parative Philology, Lafayette Col- 
 lege : This is the best translation so 
 far in our language, and will do 
 honor to American scholarship. 
 
 J. Earle, Prof, of Anglo-Saxon in 
 the University of Oxford, Eng. : It is 
 a very complete piece of work, bring- 
 ing the whole subject up to the very 
 front line of its progress. 
 
 An Old English Grammar. 
 
 By Eduard Sievers, Ph.D., Professor of Germanic Philology in the 
 University of Tiibingen ; translated and edited by Albert S. Cook, 
 Ph.D. (Jena) , Professor of the English Language and Literature in Yale 
 University. Second edition, revised and enlarged. 12mo. Cloth. xx + 
 273 pages. Mailing price, $1.25 ; for introduction, f 1.12. 
 
 TT is hoped that this version will be found not only to present 
 
 in English the most approved text-book on the subject, but to 
 
 present it in a form better adapted for the use of students, and in 
 
 some respects more in accord with the views of the best authorities. 
 
 F. J. Cliild, Prof, of Eng., Harvard 
 Univ. : It is an absolutely masterly 
 book, as would be expected of those 
 who have made it. 
 
 C. F. Bichardson, Prof, of Eng,, 
 
 Dartmouth College : No more impor- 
 tant work is now accessible to the 
 student of the early grammatical 
 forms of our twelve-hundred-year-old 
 English language.
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 
 
 M into' a Manual of English Prose Literature. 
 
 Designed maiuly to show characteristics of style. IJy William Minto, 
 M.A., Trofessor of Logic and English Literature in the University of 
 Aberdeen, Scotland. 12mo. Cloth. 5(j(i pages. Mailing price, ^1.65; 
 for introduction, ^1.50. 
 
 rpHE main design is to assist in directing students in English 
 composition to the merits and defects of the principal writers 
 of prose, enabling them, in some degree at least, to accpiire the one 
 and avoid the other. The Introduction analyzes style : elements 
 of style, qualities of style, kinds of composition. Part First gives 
 exhaustive analyses of De Quincey, Macaulay, and Carlyle, These 
 serve as a key to all the other authors treated. Part Second takes 
 up the prose authors in historical order, from the fourteenth cen- 
 tury up to the early part of the nineteenth. 
 
 Hiram Corson, Prof. English Lit- 
 erature, Cornell University : With- 
 out going outside of this book, an ear- 
 nest student could get a knowledge 
 of English prose styles, based on the 
 soundest principles of criticism, such 
 as he could not get in any twenty 
 volumes which I know of. 
 
 Eatherine Lee Bates, Prof, of 
 English, Wellesley College: It is of 
 sterling value. 
 
 John M. Ellis, Prof, of English 
 Literature, Oberlin College : I am 
 using it for reference with great in- 
 
 terest. The criticisms and comments 
 on authors are admirable — the best, 
 on the whole, that I have met with 
 in any text-book. 
 
 J. Scott Clark, Prof, of Rhetoric, 
 Syracuse University : We have now 
 given Minto's English Prose a good 
 trial, and I am so much pleased that 
 I want some more of the same. 
 
 A. W. Long, Wofford College, Spar- 
 tanburg, S.C.: I have used Minto's 
 English Poets and English Prose the 
 past year, and am greatly pleased 
 with the results. 
 
 Minto's Characteristics of the English Poets, 
 
 from Chaucer to Shirley. 
 
 By William Minto, M.A., Professor of Logic and English Literature 
 in the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. 12mo. Cloth. xi + 382 pages. 
 Mailing price, $1.65; for introduction, $1.50. 
 
 rPHE chief objects of the author are: (1) To bring into clear 
 light the characteristics of the several poets ; and (2) to trace 
 how far each was mfluenced by his literary predecessors and his 
 contemporaries .
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 9 
 
 Selections in English Prose from Elizabeth to 
 
 Victoria. 1580-1880. 
 
 By James M. Gaknktt, Professor of the English Language and Liter- 
 ature in the University of Virginia. 12mo. Clotli. ix + 701 pages. 
 By mail, .'ifl.fJS; for introduction, $!1.50. 
 
 n^IIE selections are accompanied by such explanatory notes as 
 have been deemed necessary, and will average some twenty 
 pages each. The object is to provide students with the texts 
 themselves of the most jirominent wiiters of English prose for 
 the past three hundred years in selections of sufficient length to 
 be characteristic of the author, aud, when possible, they are com- 
 plete woi-ks or sections of works. 
 
 F. B. Gummere, Prof, of English, 
 Haveifonl College: I like the plan, 
 the selections, and the making of the 
 book. 
 
 H. N. Ogden, West Virginia Uni- 
 versitii : The book fulfils my expec- 
 tations in every respect, and will 
 become an indispensable lielp in the 
 work of our senior English class. 
 
 Sidney's Defense of Poesy. 
 
 Edited with an Introduction and Notes by Albert S. Cook, Professor 
 of English in Yale University. 12mo. Cloth, xlv + 103 pages. By 
 mail, 90 cents ; for introduction, 80 cents. 
 
 A S a classic text-book of literary ajsthetics, Sidney's Defense has 
 enduring interest and value. Something of the character of 
 Sidney as a man, of the grandeur of his theme, of the signifi- 
 cance of poetry, of sound methods of pi'ofiting by poetry and of 
 judging it, — ought to be disclosed by study of the book. In 
 the notes everything is considered with reference to the learner, 
 as far as possible ; and the j)oiut of view is not exclusively that 
 of the grammarian, the antiquary, the rhetorician, or the ex- 
 plorer of Elizabethan literature, but has been chosen to include 
 something of all these, and more. 
 
 William Minto, Prof, of Litera- 
 ture, University of Aberdeen: It 
 seenis to me to be a very thorough 
 and instructive piece of work. The 
 interests of the stiident are consulted 
 in every sentence of the Introduction 
 and Notes, and the paper of ques- 
 tions is admirable as a guide to the 
 thorough study of the substance of 
 the essay. 
 
 Homer T. Fuller, Pres. Worcester 
 Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, 
 Mass. : I think every lover of the 
 best specimens of good thought and 
 
 good writing in our mother tongue 
 must confess his obligations to both 
 editor and publishers of such a 
 volume as this. First, for the breadth 
 and accuracy of the notes ; second, 
 for the historical research and good 
 critical judgment displayed in the 
 introduction; third, for the good 
 taste and clearness of the type and 
 print ; and fourth, for the timeliness 
 of the appearance of a volume which 
 just at present calls attention to some 
 of the essentials of poetry.
 
 10 
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 
 
 Shelley's Defense of Poetry. 
 
 Edited, witli luti-oduction and Notes, by Albert S. Cook, Professor of 
 Eii.i,dish iu Yale University. 12mo. Cloth, xxvi + 80 pages. Price by 
 mail, ()0 cents; for introduction, 50 cents. 
 
 GIIELLEY'S Defense may be regarded as a conipanion-piece to 
 tliat of Sidney. In their diction, however, the one is of the 
 sixteenth century and the other of the nineteenth. For this reason 
 a comparison of the two is of interest to the student of historical 
 English style. But, apart from this, the intrinsic merits of Shelley's 
 essay must ever recommend it to the lover of poetry and of beauti- 
 ful English. The truth which he perceives and expounds is one 
 which peculiarly needs enforcement at the present day, and it is 
 nowhere presented in a more concise or attractive form. 
 
 John F. Genung, Prof, of Rhetoric, 
 Amherst Colleye : By his excellent 
 editions of these three works, Profes- 
 sor Cook is doing invaluable service 
 for the study of poetry. The works 
 themselves, written by men who were 
 masters alike of poetry and prose, 
 are standard as literature; and in 
 
 the introductions and notes, which 
 evince in every part the thorough and 
 symijathetic scholar, as also iu the 
 beautiful form given to the books by 
 l^rinter and binder, the student has 
 11 the help to the reading of them 
 that he can desire. 
 
 Cardinal Newman's Essay on Poetry, 
 
 With reference to Aristotle's Poetics. Edited, with Introduction and 
 Notes, by Albert S. Cook, Professor of English in Yale University. 
 8vo. Limp cloth, x + 36 pages. Mailing price, 35 cents ; for introduc- 
 tion, 30 cents. 
 
 rpHE study of what is essential and what accidental in poetry is 
 more and more engaging the attention of thoughtful men, 
 particularly those occupied with educational work. Newman's 
 Essay expresses the view of one who was a man of both action 
 and theory. Besides this, the Essay is a notable example of the 
 literary work of one who has been considered the greatest master 
 of style in this generation. The illustrative apparatus provided by 
 the editor includes practical hints on the study of Greek drama in 
 English, an index, an analysis, and a few suggestive notes. 
 
 Hiram Corson, Prof, of English, 
 Cornell University/. In its editorial 
 character it's an elegant piece of 
 work. . . . The introduction is a 
 
 multiim in parvo bit of writing ; and 
 the notes show the recherche scholar- 
 ship of the editor.
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 11 
 
 The Art of Poetry : 
 
 The Poeiical Treatises of Horace, Vida, and Boileau, with the trans- 
 lations by Howes, Pitt, and Soame. 
 
 Edited by Albert S Cook, Professor of the English Language and 
 Literature in Yale University. 12mo, Cloth. 214 pages. Mailing 
 price, .$1.25 ; for introduction, *S1.12. 
 
 T^HIS volume is intended to meet the wants of three cla.sses of 
 teachers and students, those of Latin, French, and English or 
 comparative literature. To the first class it will furnish the best 
 Latin metrical criticisms, ancient and modern, on poetry ; to the 
 second, a classic which every highly educated Frenchman is sup- 
 posed to know by heart ; and to the third, an authoritative state- 
 ment, by poets themselves, of the canons recognized in the 
 Augustan ages of Latin, Italian, and French literature, and, to a 
 very considerable extent, in the so-called Augustan period of 
 English literature, the reign of Queen Anne. Those who read 
 Latin and French will here find tlie originals, while those who 
 read only English are pro-\dded with standard translations. A 
 full index, containing lists of the Homeric and Virgilian passages 
 illustrated and a topical analysis of the threefold work enhance 
 its value for the class-room and the private student. 
 
 Bliss Perry, Prof, of English, 
 Williams Collei/e : The fullness and 
 accuracy of the references in the 
 notes is a testimony to his patience 
 
 as well as his scholarship. ... I 
 wish to express my admiration of 
 such faithful and competent editing. 
 
 Addison's Criticisms on Paradise Lost 
 
 Edited by Albert S. Cook, Professor of the English Language and Lit- 
 erature in Yale Uuiversity. 12mo. Cloth, xxvi + 200 pages. Mailing 
 price, $1.10; for introduction, .'gl.OO. 
 
 'PHE text of this edition is based upon the literal reproductions 
 
 of Arber and Morley, and, allowing for the modernization of 
 
 spelling and punctuation, is believed to be more correct than any 
 
 published in this century. The index is unusually full, and will 
 
 enable Addison's comments on any particular passage of Paradise 
 
 Lost, as well as on those of the ancient epics with which it is 
 
 compared, to be found with the least possilile trouble. 
 
 V. D. Scudder, Inst, in English be welcome as an addition to our 
 Literature, Welleslei/ College: It store of text-books, 
 seems to me admirably edited and to
 
 12 HIGHER ENGLISH. 
 
 ' What is Poetry ? ' 
 
 Leigh Hunt's An Answer to the Question including Remarks on 
 Versification. 
 
 Edited by Albert S. Cook, Professor of the Eiifjlish Languajje and 
 Literature in Yale University. 12nio. Cloth. 000 pages. Mailing 
 price, 000 cents; for introduction, 000 cents. 
 
 /^NE of the most delightful short papers on the subject of 
 poetry is this of Leigh Hunt. Its definitions, its quotations, 
 and especially its charm and spirit make it peculiarly valuable 
 for school and college use as an introduction to a course in poetry 
 or criticism. In this edition the quotations are conformed to the 
 best texts, which cannot always be said of the ordinary issues. 
 The notes are few and brief, and have, for convenience, been 
 relegated to the foot of the page ; in many cases they are merely 
 devoted to locating the quotations employed in the text, an aid 
 for which both teacher and student will be thankful. The index, 
 as in other books by the same editor, is a feature of tlie new 
 edition. 
 
 Analytics of English Prose and Poetry. 
 
 By L. A. Sherman, Professor of English Literature in the Univei'sity 
 of Nebraska. 12mo. Cloth. 000 pages. Mailing j)riee, 000 cents ; 
 for introduction, 000 cents. 
 
 T^HIS book was written to embody a new system of teaching 
 literature that has been tried with great success. The chief 
 features of the system are the recognition of elements, and insuring 
 an experience of each, on the part of the learner, according to the 
 laboratory plan. The principal stages in the evolution of form 
 in literature are made especial subjects of study. 
 
 It aims to make criticism begin on less vague and more exact 
 foundations. The discussion in each chapter is in the nature of a 
 condensed lecture before laboratory experiment and verification in 
 the topic treated. Tlie text-pages of the volume proper are adaj)ted 
 alike to students of higher or lower grade, and the treatment, so 
 far as left incomplete, is continued in notes provided in an appen- 
 dix. To aid teachers not acquainted with laboratory methods, 
 hints and suggestions how to set the student at work for himself 
 are added to many chapters.
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 
 
 13 
 
 Ben J on son's Timber: or Discoueries ; 
 
 Made upon Men and Matter, as they have Flowed out of his Daily 
 Reading, or had their Reflux to his Peculiar Notions of the Times. 
 
 Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Felix E. Schelling, Professor 
 in tlie University of Pennsylvania. 12mo. Cloth, xxxviii + Ififi imges. 
 Mailing price, 90 cents ; tor introduction, 80 cents. 
 
 T^niS is the first attempt to edit a long-neglected English classic, 
 which needs only to be better known to take its place among 
 the best examples of the height of Elizabethan prose. The text 
 — the restoration of which entitles the book to a place in every 
 library — is based on a careful collation of the folio of 1641 with 
 subsequent editions ; with such modernization in spelling and 
 punctuation as a conservative judgment has deemed imperative. 
 The introduction and a copious body of notes have been framed 
 with a view to the intelligent understanding of an author whose 
 wide learning and wealth of allusion make him the fittest exponent 
 of the scholarship as well as the literary style and feeling of his age. 
 
 Edward Dowden, Prof, of English, 
 Trinltij (JoUeye, Dublin, Ireland : It 
 is a matter for rejoicing that so valu- 
 able and interesting a piece of liter- 
 
 ature as this prose work of Jonson, 
 should be made easily accessible and 
 should have all the advantages of 
 scholarly editing. 
 
 A Primer of English Verse. 
 
 By Hiram Corson, Professor of English Literature in Cornell Univer- 
 sity. 12mo. Cloth. iv+ 232 pages. By mail, .1? 1.10; for introduction, 
 $1.00. 
 
 ^HE leading purpose of this volume is to introduce the student 
 to the aesthetic and organic character of English Verse — to 
 cultivate his susceptibility to verse as an inseparable part of poetic 
 expression. To this end, the various effects provided for by the 
 poet, either consciously or unconsciously on his part, are given for 
 the student to practice upon, until those effects come out distinctly 
 to his feelings. 
 
 ous metres, giving examples of usage 
 from various poets. The book will 
 be of great use to both the critical 
 student and to those who recognize 
 that poetry, like music, is constructed 
 on scientific and precise i)rinciples. 
 
 The University Magazine, New 
 York: Prof. Corson has given us 
 a most interestiug and thorough 
 treatise on the characteristics and 
 uses of English metres. He dis- 
 cusses the force and effects of vari-
 
 14 TUG ITER ENGLISH. 
 
 Five Short Courses of Reading in English Litera- 
 
 ture. 
 
 With Biographical and Critical References. By C. T. Winchestek, 
 Professor of English Literature in Wesleyan University. Sq. Kirno. 
 Cloth. V + 99 pages. Mailing price, 45 cents ; for introduction, 40 cents. 
 
 ^piIIS little book lays out five short courses of reading from the 
 
 most prominent writers in pure literature of the last three 
 
 centuries, beginning with Marlowe and ending with Tennyson. 
 
 The book contains also information as to the best editions for 
 
 student use, with extended and well chosen lists of critical and 
 
 biographical authorities. 
 
 Le Baron R. Briggs, Professor of I much pleased with it. It cannot help 
 English, Harvard University : I am I heing useful. 
 
 Synopsis of English and American Literature. 
 
 By G. J. Smith, Instructor of English, Washington (D.C.) High School. 
 8vo. Cloth. 125 pages. By mail, 90 cents ; for introduction, 80 cents. 
 
 /^NE finds here in every case the author's full name, the dates 
 of birth and death, the class of writers to which he belongs, 
 the chronological place of that class in the development of litera- 
 ture, his most important works, his most distinguished contem- 
 poraries, the leading events of the time, and, in most cases a few 
 clear words of explanation or criticism. 
 
 W. B. Chamberlain, Prof, of 
 Rhetoric, Oberlin College : Its clear- 
 ness, compactness, and readiness for 
 reference must make it one of the 
 most useful tools for either teacher 
 or student. It gives a vast amount 
 
 of most valuable information in the 
 most economical manner possible. A 
 very valuable feature is its correla- 
 tion of literary with political and 
 general historical events. I regard 
 it as a decided success. 
 
 Shakespeare's Tragedy of Hamlet 
 
 For the use of Colleges, High Schools, Academies and Clubs. By Car- 
 Ei;[il. Lewis Maxcy", A.B., Associate Principal and Instructor in Eng- 
 lish, Troy (N.Y.) Academy. Square 16mo. Cloth. 200 pages. Mail- 
 ing price, 50 cents ; for introduction, 45 cents. 
 
 A VERY few notes have been added to explain passages which 
 would otherwise be unintelligible. The most famous quota- 
 tions are grouped at the end of each act. 
 
 The Philosophy of American Literature. 
 
 By Grkenough White, A.M. 12mo. Flexible cloth, iv + CO pages. 
 By mail, 35 cents ; for introduction, 30 cents.
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 
 
 15 
 
 The Best Elizabethan Plays. 
 
 Edited with an Introduction by William R. Thayer. 
 611 pages. By mail, 31-40; for introduction, $1.25. 
 
 12mo. Cloth. 
 
 •PHE selection comprises The Jew of Malta, by Marlowe ; Tht 
 Alchemist, by Ben Jonson ; Philaster, by Beaumont and Fletcher; 
 The Two Noble Kinsmen, by Fletcher and Shakespeare ; and The 
 Duchess of Malfi, by Webster. It thus affords not only the best 
 specimen of the dramatic work of each of the five Elizabethan 
 poets who rank next to Shakespeare, but also a general view of the 
 development of English drama from its rise in Marlowe to its last 
 strong expression in Webster. The necessary introduction to the 
 reading of each play is concisely given in the Preface. Great care 
 has been used in expurgating the text. 
 
 Charles F. Richardson, Prof, of 
 English, Dartmouth College : The 
 book is an excellent one, intelligently 
 edited, equipped with brief and sen- 
 sible notes, and introduced by a 
 preface of real critical insight. Alto- 
 gether, it is well fitted for college use. 
 
 Felix E. Schelling, Professor of 
 English, University of Pennsyl- 
 vania: This has proved invaluable 
 to me in my Seminar. All profes- 
 sors of English literature must wel- 
 come such intelligent and scholarly 
 editions of our enduring classics. 
 
 A Method of English Composition. 
 
 By T. Whiting Bancroft, late Professor of Rhetoric and English Lit- 
 erature in Brown University. 12mo. Cloth. 101 pages. Mailing 
 price, 55 cents ; for introduction, 50 cents. 
 
 Notes on English Literature. 
 
 By Fred Parker Emery, Instructor in English in the Massachusetts 
 Institute of Technoloiiy, Boston. 12mo. Cloth. 152 pages. By mail, 
 fl.lO; for introduction, $1.00. 
 
 rpHIS book is a departure from the ordinary mode of teaching- 
 English Literature. It follows the critical, comparative, and 
 philosophical method of the best universities, and combines the 
 advantages of the tabulated synopsis of authors and books with 
 those of the critical literary history. History, politics, society, and 
 religion are studied with the proper perspective in relation to liter- 
 ature, and are made to show why literature is necessarily charac- 
 teristic of the age that produced it. 
 
 Leroy Stephens, Pres. Western 
 Pennsylvania Classical and Scien- 
 tific Institute, Mt. Pleasant, Pa.: 
 Nothing that I have seen compares 
 
 with it in the value of the references 
 by which history and literature are 
 kept so closely linked together.
 
 HIGHER ENGLISH. 21 
 
 The Classic Myths in English Literature. 
 
 Accompanied by Interpretative and Illustrative Notes. 
 
 Based chiefly on Bulfinch's Age of Fable (1S55), which has been adapted 
 to school use and to the needs of beginners in English Literature ani* 
 in the Classics, and in part rewritten. 
 
 By Charles Mills Gayley, Professor of the English Language and 
 Literature in the University of California and formerly Assistant- 
 Professor of Latin in the University of Michigan. OOmo. Cloth. 000 
 pages. Mailing price, 00 cents ; for introduction, 00 cents. 
 
 OOME special features of the edition are : An introduction on 
 the indebtedness of English poetry to the literature of fable ; 
 and on methods of teaching mythology. 
 
 An elementary account of myth-making and of the principal 
 poets of mythology, and of the beginnings of the world, of gods 
 and of men among the Greeks. 
 
 A thorough revision and systematization of Bulfinch's Stories 
 of Gods and Heroes ; with additional stories, and witli selections 
 from English poems based upon the myths. 
 
 Illustrative cuts from Baumeister, Roscher, and other standard 
 authorities on mythology. 
 
 The requisite maps. 
 
 Certain necessary modifications in Bulfinch's treatment of the 
 mythology of nations other than the Greeks and Ronians. 
 
 Notes, following tlie text (as in the school editions of Latin 
 and Greek authors), containing an historical and interpretative 
 commentary upon certain myths, supplementary poetical citations, 
 a list of the better known allusions to mythological fiction, refer- 
 ences to works of art, and hints to teachers and students. 
 
 The work is elaborately illustrated with a large number of 
 specially prepared new cuts and reproductions from the antique 
 and from recent authoritative publications. The whole work will 
 be found eminently satisfactory from both the literary and artistic 
 points of view, and as a manual of ready reference will prove itself 
 invaluable to classical and other teachers.
 
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