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 <^tLlBRARY. 
 
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 Or:
 
 Oriental ReperItorv (London), 
 
 Volumes 1-2 [l70|-97]. ? ■.vol<! 830 
 
 This is a coMPLfiiF: tile 'md all that was 
 PUBLISHED. It was edited by Alexander 
 D alrvmple, 
 
 allibone,in hi!= critical oiction'>ry of 
 
 ENGLISH L ITERATURE. .. 1378, HAS THIS TO 
 ay »bout this serial: 
 
 "This is a valuable collectio-' (^f tracts 
 relating to the c qmmerc e , h i -^ to r y , ma nner ■^ 'no 
 
 natural history of THE EasT INDIES AND 
 
 China..." "The East India Company, at 
 whose charge the collection was published, 
 
 TOO loo OF THE 250 COPIES "HICH WERE 
 STRUCK OFF", 
 
 WILSON'S UNION LIST OF SERIALS RECORDS only 
 ^ COMPLETE FILES. THE UNM ON CATALOGUE OF 
 PERIODICALS IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES RECORDS 
 
 ONLY ONE COMPLETE FILE. THERE IS NO FILE 
 
 RECORDED IN THE CATALOGUE OF PERIODICALS 
 IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
 
 To The Honorable 
 
 The COURT of DIRECTORS, 
 
 oi" the 
 
 United East -India -Company, 
 In January 1791, 
 
 Stephen LusniN'GTON, Efq being Chairman. 
 William Deva\nls, Efq. Deputy. 
 
 DIRECTORS, 
 Francis Baring, Efq. 
 Jacob Bosanqj."Et, Efq. 
 Thomas Cheap, Efq. 
 Lionel Darell, Efq. 
 V/alter Ewer, Efq. 
 Thomas Fitzhugh, Efq. 
 FluGH Inglis, Efq. 
 
 Paul le Mesurier, Efq. and Alderman. 
 John Manship, Efq. 
 Thomas Tiieophilus Metcalfe, Efq. 
 Charles Mills, Efq. 
 William Money, Efq. 
 Thomas Parry, Efq. 
 Thomas Pattle, Efq. 
 Abraham Robarts, Efq. 
 John Roberts, Efq. 
 David Scott, Efq. 
 Nathaniel Smith, Efq. 
 George Tatem, Efq. 
 KoBERT Thornton, Efq. 
 John Town son, Efq. 
 John Woodhol-se, Efq. 
 This IFork, undertaken on their Encowagevient, 
 
 is infcribed by 
 Their moft obliged humble Servant, 
 
 Mz)dfrumhU,
 
 Errata . in Note P. 2. 
 
 The Perfon alluded to, Mr. Charles Dubois, was Treafm-cr and not 
 Secretary to the Kajl India-Company ; a Dutch VelFel from Madagafcar 
 alfo brought the Rice into Carolina; and to this is attributed Their 
 having ivjo kinds of Rice.
 
 I N T R O D U C IM O N 
 
 To the Firfi J'oluvic of the 
 
 Oriental Pv e p e r t o r y. 
 
 1 do not think it neceflary to reprint, The Plan ioi 
 the Publication of this Work; The General IntroduSiiotiy 
 which explained the Heads propofed, and the P/^// adopt^ed ; 
 nor The Intrcduciions to the F/r/?, Second or I'hird Num- 
 bers ; which may all be bound up at the beginning of this 
 Folume : The Fourth Number, which compleats the Vo- 
 lume, contains only T^wo Articles : The ift is the /?ott/^ 
 from Poonah to Balafore, as travelled by Colonel Upton 
 on his return to Bengal : It was communicated to me, 
 by my Friend Major Remiell: A Journey over fo great a 
 part of the Penififula, is certainly in itlelf a very curious 
 and important Addition to the Common-Stock of Know- 
 ledge ; but The World have received, from this valuable 
 Member of Society, fo much of His own ; that no fingle 
 Piece of Geography can fenfibly encreafe the Debt of the 
 Publick for his Labours and Communications. 
 
 The Maps belonging to this Route, were mofl obligingly 
 fent to me by Captain Ghent : Thefe are only fufficient to 
 elucidate the Route, but are bv no means laid down with 
 competent precifion for eftablifliing the Geographical 
 Situations of the Places, through which Colonel Upton 
 
 a pafled •
 
 U INTRODUCTION. 
 
 pafTcd : I nm ignorant by whom they were made, but the 
 Reverend Mr. Smith, who accompanied Colonel Upton from 
 llengal to Pootiiih, unfortunately, was not with him in 
 his return ; if that affiduous Obferver had been prelent, 
 \ve fliould not now have reafon to regret, that this Route 
 was not regulated by Obfervations, even of the Latitude^ 
 at any of the Places vifited in the Journey. 
 
 The 2d Article concerning Sooloo, does not require 
 iny addition to the Introduction prefixed : after printing 
 the laft: Sheet, I found a curious Paper, being fome Notes 
 of Information I received from Ornnky Ogoo, on 8th 
 Auguft, 1 76 1, of the Sultans of Sooloo which he had 
 feen : This Relation comprehends the Period of inoi'e than 
 a full Century, and affords a great pleafure to the Imagi- 
 nation, carrying us, as it were, back to the days of the 
 Patriarchs, when Tradition preceded Hiftory ! To pre- 
 ferve fo curious a Paper, I cancelled a Half- Sheet, and 
 printed 577 and 578 with * to denote repetition. 
 
 I have made it a rule to adhere to the Original, in 
 fpelling proper Names, although it produces a number of 
 fynonimes ; but I would not take upon me to decide what 
 is right : When the MS was ambiguous I have added, ?, 
 to the name. 
 
 Having compleated the ift Volume, I think it proper to 
 take notice, that ihe Fund is diminijl:ed; inftead of an 
 encreajing Fund, which I was in hopes might in time 
 have enabled me, to have given in this Work, Fiews 
 
 of
 
 INTRODUCTION. iU 
 
 of many remarkable Buildings and o( Places in India, and 
 that it depends on the Sale of this Volume, whether the Fu7id 
 will be competent to publiQi another : The nature of this 
 Publication being neceflarily limited to a fmall Number, 
 muft of courfe be expenfive : as the Price muft ever be re- 
 gulated by the number of the Impreflions : I cannot myfelf 
 have the fmallefl pecuniary Interefl: in It, 'till after the 
 whole Impreffion is fold; but I pofTefs the retrofpedive 
 fatisfadtion of having, in this Volume, preferved many 
 Papers, which would otherwife, probably for ever, have 
 been loft to The World. 
 
 I am induced to flate the circumftances that has occa- 
 fioned my difappointment concerning the encreajing Fund: 
 The Article of the Original Propofuion was 
 
 " The Eafl -India Company, on advancing ^200, to 
 " conftitute the neccflary Fund, fhall be entitled to re- 
 '* ccive 100 copies of each Number of the Publication, at 
 " the prime coft of the whole Impreflion of 250 copies, 
 " wherehy the Fw:d \v\\\ he preferved undiminijl)ed : and an 
 " adequate number of copies remain for contingencies." 
 
 This Stipulation is pcrfedtly clear', but as an Obje(fl:ion 
 naturally occurred, that, unlefb The Company had an 
 option of refufal. They might be drawn into an unlimited 
 Expence, of which they could not judge : It was therefore 
 added 
 
 "It
 
 W INTRODUCTION. 
 
 " It fhall be optional with The Company, to take or 
 refufe the loo copies of each Publication at prime-cofl", 
 hntfuch Number as The Company do not take ijclthin a 
 month after Publicalicn, (liall be fold for the benefit of 
 the Fund : fo that The Company cannot, without their 
 approbation, be drawn into any Expence beyond the 
 Sum originally fubfcribed." 
 
 The intention of this claufe is obvious ; That The Com- 
 pany might at any time flop, on the lofs of the firfl Subfcrip- 
 tion : but that fo long as They thought the Publication 
 merited their encouragement, it was naturally inferred, from 
 the former ftipulation, that The Company were to receive the 
 •whole loo copies, that the Fund might be afliircd of an Fn- 
 creafe by the Sale of the other loo, as their payment for loo 
 would prelerve it und'miiniJJjed. However The Company 
 undcrftanding the matter otherwife, have only taken 64 
 copies, inftead of 100 copies ; which, being a cafe unthought 
 of, an ambiguity of exprefTion may be conftiued to 
 admit as the Condition of their Agreement : But, I 
 hope the ufual Liberality of The Company, will induce 
 them, on reconfideration, to compleat their 100 Copies. 
 
 N? 52, High Street, Marj'lebone. 
 31ft Dec. 1792. 
 
 JaCrumhic, 
 
 TABLE
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 13th January, 1791. 
 
 T. 
 
 HE East India Company, with their ufual Liberalifyf 
 having granted £ 200 as a Fund for pubhfliing The 
 Oriental Repertory, no Pains fliall be wanting, in me, 
 to promote this Undertaking. 
 
 It is propofed to feparate the Imall Trads, in this Colkdion, 
 under the following Clafles ; 
 
 Geography, and Aftronomical Obfervations. 
 
 Meteorology, or account 0/ Weather and Seafons. 
 
 Commerce, and Manufadures. 
 
 Natural Hiftory. 
 
 Of the Indians, comprehending their Literature, Sciences, 
 
 Arts, Manners, Cuftoms and Religion. 
 Mifcellancous, as Hiftory, Sec. and what refers to more 
 
 than one of the foregoing Clafles. 
 
 It is alfo propofed to feparate what concerns particular 
 Countries, under their Local Heads, as A v a and Peg r. 
 Cochin - China, China, Oriental -Polynesia, he. 
 
 B The
 
 C 2 ) 
 
 The Subjecfls will often run into eacli other, unavoidablj*, 
 from the nature of the CoUecftion ; but to obviate the 
 inconvenience, as much as poffible, it is intended that 
 each Number (hall have Three Indexes, viz. of Places, of 
 Perfons and of 'Things. 
 
 The number to be printed, at the expence of the Fund, 
 is 250; of which, 100 copies optional for The Eaft India 
 Company to receive, at prime coft of the whole impreffion 
 of 250 : Of the remainder, 50 copies are intended for 
 prefents, chiefly to Thofe who make valuable Communications ; 
 and TOO for fale, to benefit the Fund, and to anfwer con- 
 tingent expences : But, of the early Numbers, I fliall print 
 500 copies, 250 being at my own charge ; that, in cafe 
 the demand fliould be confiderably more than 100, The Public 
 may not be difappointed : At the fame time, however valuable 
 the Colledion, it cannot be expefted to have a quick cir- 
 culation, as it neceflarily requires that ench Number he paid for 
 on delivery ; fmce the Fund would foon be exhaufted, and the 
 Undertaking (lop, if the Produce, of each Publication, was 
 not immediately to return into the Fund. 
 
 For the conveniency of binding in Claffes; there will be, at 
 the bottom, a Running-Title of the Cldfs to which each Piece 
 belongs, as Geography, &c. with the feparate Paging of the 
 diftind Claffes, continued through the feveral N«w^^rj ; or, at 
 leaft, 'till the feparate Clafs is competent to form a Volume : 
 at the bottom, in the middle of the Page, the literal nume- 
 ration, and at the top, the general Paging of the IVkole 
 ColtcElion. 
 
 The
 
 ( 3 ) 
 
 , The European World are, at this day, in altnoft total 
 igpo ance of many parts, of the extenfive Regions, between 
 Inoia and China; This will induce me to give an early 
 attention to the fcattercd Fragments, which I have been 
 enabled to collect, concerning them. 
 
 In my early years, I applied myfelf, afTiduoiifly, to a minute 
 examination of The Old Records, of The Eaft-India-Company, 
 at Madras ; and, at that time, wrote a Collection of Letters, 
 when the information, I had derived from the Records, was 
 freili in memory : I regret that circumjiantinl Refereijces to 
 the Records are wanting ; but, as I had no party-purpofe 
 in view, and meant chiefly thereby to fix circi^mftances in my 
 memory. The Information thofe Papers contain may fafely 
 be relied upon as authentic, and I truft they will be deemed 
 too-curious not to claim attention : They have, not only, 
 never been published, but have been feen in MS by very 
 few Pcrfons, fo that they have the Merit of Novelty, although 
 written 30 years ago at the leaft. 
 
 Amongft my Papers I have Relations of different Embaflys 
 to AvA ; fome, perhaps, not elfewhere exifting ; and all 
 at this time forgotten by The Publick, as if no fuch attempts 
 had ever been made. 
 
 The Copy, in my poffellion, of the Account of Pegu given 
 by Capt. Alexander Hamilton^ having had many Notes added, 
 chiefly from the information of Capt. George Baker, becomes 
 an Objedl of efpecial confideration; in the margin of Hamilton's 
 Book I expreflTed confirmation by V ; what was doubtful or 
 incomplete by ?, and erroneous by -f-. This is a Mode by 
 which Travellers may add, valuably, to antecedent Fubli cat ions, 
 
 with
 
 ( 4 ) 
 
 with very little trouble to themfclves. It mufl; be remembered, 
 that I never was myfelf in Pegu. 
 
 In order to encourage Perfons, to continue their communi- 
 cations, by fhewing that The Publick are immediately put in 
 pofleffion of the information they convey ; I fliall give a 
 preference to recent Communications, before thofe Pieces, 
 that have been long in my Pofleflion. 
 
 Perhaps I may introduce into this Colkcl'ion, parts of my 
 02vn Foyages; but in fuch cafe, as I was then a very young 
 man, I mufl: claim the Indulgence of the Publick ; fince I 
 think the OhfcrvatloH of the moment, with all its Imperfcclions, 
 preferable to fabricdtion of a later period; which I too often 
 perceive in Foyages prefented to The Publick. 
 
 \j^rumhd'.
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 To the Firjl Kumler 
 
 Of the ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 X HAVE ia this Number given A Detail of the cir- 
 cumftances attending the Cultivation of Pepper, in the 
 Circars, by the indefatigable labours of Dr. IFilliam 
 Roxburgh, taken from letters written from time to time ; 
 they alfo contain occafionally other fubjefts of public 
 advantage and curiofity. 
 
 This is followed by an Account of the method of 
 cultivating the Pepper at J'ellicbeny. 
 
 The Letter from Dr. A. Andcrfon to Dr. William 
 Roxburgh, concerning the Climate and Produdlions of 
 the "fravancore Country, is a very curious Paper, and 
 not the leaft remarkable circumftance in it, is the Account 
 
 B of
 
 ii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 of the Bread-fruit 'trees, called by the Dutch Maldiv'niy 
 yackf being found at Cochin. 
 
 Dr. EoxburgFs Defcription of the Tree-Indlgo, which 
 he names Ner'ium ThiBorium, I doubt not will be ranked 
 amongft the moft curious Articles in this CoUedion : 
 The Court of Direflors of the EafI: India Company, with 
 their ufual liberality, communicated this Defcription, and 
 the Drawing of It, tranfmitted by Dr. Roxburgh, for 
 infertion in this Work ; and I truft the Engraver will 
 be thought to have done Juftice to his Subject : I confefs 
 my own ignorance in this Branch of Knowledge, and 
 fhall not often be Induced to meddle with Botanical 
 Subjects, but I wiflied to fliew, that every thing promoting 
 our Knowledge of the Eaft will be embraced in this 
 Colle£tion ; and I was efpecially folicitous, for the credit 
 of Dr. Roxburgh, that The World fliould, as foon as 
 pofTible, receive the communication of this important 
 Difcovery. 
 
 It appears to me that Regifters of Weather are of the 
 moft important confequence. It is by them alone we 
 
 can
 
 INTRODUCTION. iii 
 
 can have political Information, for the Operations of 
 Armys ; and from them alfo a probable inference may be 
 drawn, what vegetable Produdions, for the ufe of Mankind, 
 may be either introduced into any Country, or 
 brought from thence : Mv Acknowled2:ements are due 
 to Lieutenant Ewart, not only for the Summary 
 Account of the Weather at Nagpore, but for many 
 Agronomical Obfervations, which I mean to introduce, 
 in fubfequent Numbers of this CoUedion. 
 
 The Lift of the Clafles of the Indians who do, and 
 who do not eat animal food, will be a curiofity to thofe 
 interefted in the Inveftigation of the Indian Manners 
 and Cuftoms. 
 
 The Geographical Papers that follow, by Lieutenants 
 Lennon and M'Kenzie, were obligingly communicated by 
 Major Maule, to whofe attention my acknowledgments 
 are due. * 
 
 The 
 
 * There is a miftiike in the itamcs of the Rivers to the Southivard of 
 Carole in one of thefe Suiiryon, for that next to SingraconJa is called the 
 MuJJy, by Litut. Lennon, which the othernames the Paler; and calls that 
 MuJTy which Lieut. Linnon names Ini^aUrt,
 
 iv INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The Voyage to Cochin-China, was extraded by myfelf 
 at Madrafs, many years fince; I have collated it with a 
 MS. now remaining at the Eafl India Houfe, which Mr. 
 Thomas Wilkes has rcfcued, with many other curious 
 Papers, from the confufioti and oblivion, into which 
 the Old Records of the Eafl India Company had been 
 thrown. 
 
 I {hall conclude this Introdudlion with my beft thanks 
 to the feveral Perfons who have obligingly lent mc Their 
 afllftance in this Work. 
 
 c)th April, 1791.
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 To the Second Number 
 
 Of the ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Tj 
 
 HE Letter, which commences this Number, it is 
 prefumed, will be found to contain fome curious infor- 
 mation ; although its many imperfe(£lions mufl claim the 
 Public Indulgence. 
 
 'O" 
 
 The Paper, received from the late Governor Saunders, 
 derives fome confequence, from its having been the 
 Foundation of the Negrais Expedition. 
 
 Capt. George Baker's Obfervations at Per/aim m 1755, 
 His Journal of an Emb.ijfy, to the King of the huraghmabnsy 
 His CharaCler of that Ki':g, and the Short Account of the 
 Country are from MSS, which that valuable Friend gave 
 to me during the courle of our Voyage in the Cuddalore 
 1759: His Modeft Diffidence makes him apprehenfive 
 of appearing as an Author; but, I doubt not. The Publick 
 approbation will fhevv his apprehenfions were groundlefs. 
 
 I find amongft my Mem', of information, received from 
 Capt. Baker, the following Account of Pegu, which could 
 not properly be introduced in any other Place, and therefore 
 I have infer ted it here. 
 
 *' The City of Pegu was a regular Square, with four 
 *' Grand Streets leading to four Gates, and being built on 
 " a Plain, a Perfon, at the Center, could lee them all at 
 " once, although the City was above a mile each wzy : 
 
 a *' la
 
 ii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 ** In the NE Quarter was the Palace^ and the 'Temple of 
 *' Kyak Mintao, the laft was gilt, and made a very fplcndid 
 ** appearance, as do the other celebrated Pagodas, in this 
 •• Country, being alfo giU. 
 
 ♦' The Palace had fomewhat of Graftdeur, although it 
 *' had no carved Work, like the Buraghmagh King's, which 
 *' was very far from being contemptibly executed. The 
 " Pillars, &c. of the Pegu Palace, were carried to Bengal 
 "in 1757 by Capt. Bailey. 
 
 *' It is remarkable the Palace was built in one day, ac- 
 
 " cording to a fupcrflitious Cuflom of thefe People, which 
 
 .** enjoins their Royal Palaces to be raifed in ofie day ; It 
 
 ^;** was built in 1753 : AH the Materials being prepared, a 
 
 ^^ *' certain number of People, from every Diftrift, and from 
 
 ^*' every Ship in the River, were fummoned, with the proper 
 
 *' Implements, to be employed in this Bufmefs." 
 
 He alfo informed me *' The Buraghmah King's Boat 
 
 *' carries 300 Perfons, bcfides Servants, 150 Rowers, 75 
 
 *' Men with Firelocks, and 75 with Bows and Arrows, 
 
 ^' ** placed in 3 teers ; The Rowers on the furface of the 
 
 • " water, and then the Fire Arms. The Boat was about 
 
 *' 150 feet long and 40 broad, and went very fwiftly, the 
 
 •* Rowers being isoell-trained to their Oars" 
 :/■!; 10). '.\-A'^«./ 
 
 Wi.ij^ has appeared, in Capt. Baker's Obfervations, that the 
 ^ Buraghmah King had rifen from his abilities ; Simento, the 
 King of Pegu, was at flrft a Goldfmith', fo that both Com- 
 ►ft petitors were felf- raifed. 
 •i ■Am* ^w) gnwd 
 •)f\i I have
 
 INTRODUCTION. ili 
 
 I have engraved, for this Number, the Map which 
 Capt. B.ikcr had fketched of the Jlva River; unfortunately a 
 Corner of it has been torn oft, fo that the View of the diftatit 
 Mountains^ to the NE of Ava, is not compleat ; Capt. Baker 
 having made a miftake in cafting up his Traverfe, the 
 Map was affecfted by this error; I have correcled it by the 
 Latitudes, which refult from his Courfes and Diftances : 
 but have, in every other refpc(£l:, exactly followed the 
 Original Map ; though the Scale is reduced. 
 
 The other Map, of Ava River, is reduced from a MS 
 communicated by my Friend Major Koinell ; but he is 
 ignorant when, or by whom, it was made. 
 
 Perhaps fome Apology may be requilite for the Papers 
 which immediately follow Capt. Baker s, but the like 
 abiiirdity, hereafter, may be prevented, by the expofurc 
 of this very extraordinary contradiction of Proceedings, in 
 Perlons under the fame Flag, and in the fame fervice. 
 
 Enfign Lejlers Journal contains fo much naivete, that 
 I doubt not it will be well received by The Pubhck. 
 
 The Short Account of the 'Trade to Arrackan, as it 
 reprefents the aflual State of that Trade in i 761, muft be 
 confidered as a very valuable document. 
 
 I am indebted to my Friend Capt. Clements for the 
 Particulars concerning Tippo Sultauti, and the Malabar 
 P inces ; I thought it expedient to omit the name of Tippo^s 
 Officer, from u hom the information was received. 
 
 Mr. Kirfov''j Account of Cochin CatNA, befidcs its 
 intrinfick jMcrit, has the advantage of being ow link in 
 
 the
 
 iv INTRODUCTION. 
 
 the Ch.ii/i, of Europeam Acquaintance with that Country : 
 the Nites are partly from a Spa'up Paper, in Mr. Khf^fs 
 hand ; and partly from an Englifli MS, which I conceive 
 to have been written by Dr. D«^, who was a Mandareen 
 at Cochin-China. 
 
 I hope the Lift of the different kinds of Grain, in the 
 Ch'icacole Circar, will induce fome one, hereafter, to give 
 a particular Defcription of thofe feveral kinds. 
 
 I am indebted to Governor Hornby for the Plan and 
 ScFiions of Syringampatnam, It was the Original French 
 MS; Go'verncr Bodilwi alio communicated to me a Copy, in 
 EngliJJ), but although there were fome differences in the 
 two Plans, the laft was obvioufly copied from the other. 
 
 The Plate of Colar was moft kindly given to me, by rny 
 old Friend Mr. Orme ; The Publick will lament that His 
 State of Health prevents the continuation of His valuable 
 Hiflory, for which the Plate was intended. 
 
 The Original IMS of Dnrampury and T'ingherry Cotah 
 were without Scale ; This may, I hope, be fupplied by fome 
 Perfon who was prefent, by the dijiance of the Batterys^ 
 if no more determinate Scale can be obtained : I find this 
 Defefl of Scale very often in Plan<:, brought from India ; 
 but as I mean to engrave all the Plaits, that are not already 
 before The Publick, although I fhall not be prevented 
 on that account, I wiih the Scales could be obtained before 
 they are. engraved ; I mud take this occalion to mention 
 that the Plans of Biddinorc, and of Annaniapore, obligingly 
 communicated by Governor Boddum, are iviihoul Scale. 
 
 Sth December, .79'. ^afrymfyf^.
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 To tlie Third Number 
 
 Of the ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 1 H E Accounts of Malwa ; of Bandelcmd ; of the 
 B.anah ; of Jaypoor ; of the Jauts ; of the Province 
 of Agra; and the Hiftorical Anecdotes of the Bounjla 
 Family, were obhgingly communicated by my Friend 
 Mr. Gregory, of Berner-Street : They are, I believe, 
 from the Obfervations of the late Colonel Camac. 
 
 The Papers concerning the Junk - Trade of Canton, 
 Chufan znd Limpo ; the Chinefe Japan-Trade; and of the 
 Imports at, and Exports from, Macao, were communicated 
 by my valuable Friend Mr. Thomas Fitzhugh ; whofe 
 kind attention I have experienced, on every occafion. 
 
 The Papers, concerning Negrais, and Capt. Ahess 
 
 Embaffy to Ava, with the Letters that pafled on that 
 
 occafion, were communicated by my much lamented 
 
 Friend the late Lord Pigot : Having the Original, of 
 
 the Pri;2ce of Per/aim's Letter, in the Buragmagh 
 
 Chara&er ; I may, perhaps, give a y^Cj^/;«7^ Engraving 
 
 of it, if The Fund fliould, hereafter, admit. 
 
 a The
 
 ii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 . '.fThe xAccoiint of ^cdah^ was obligingly fent to me 
 by Mr. Toppings who informed me, it was chiefly 
 from tlie information of Capt. Light, the Chief at 
 Prince-Waks IJland. It muft be very fatisfa^Story to The 
 Public, to fee the following Account of the 'Trade of 
 that infant Settlement, which, although the firjl Hutt, 
 on the IJland, was built no longer ago than July 1786, 
 has now a capacious Town, and a Colony of near 
 10,000 Inhabitants ; from its Trade, It bears the 
 Expences of the Civil and Military Efablifmient. 
 Although It never can become the Emporium of the 
 Oriental Polynesia, It may be a very profitable 
 Commercial Settlement, if duly countenanced and protecSled ; 
 but all infant Efablijljments require fo much nurfng, 
 that I am afFraid, in the great Concerns on the Continent 
 of India, This Settlement may be overlooked and 
 negleSied. 
 
 General Review of Imports and Exports, at Princc-lVales 
 Ifland, between March and November, 1789. 
 
 Exports. Value in Imports. Value in 
 
 Spanilh Dollars. Spanifli Dplbrs. 
 
 On Ships, to China, &c. 294,910 By Prows, in thefe 8 Months, 128.904 
 On Malay Prows . 43'4c6 By Ships, in 3 Months 219,330 
 
 285 Chcfts, Ophi urn fold 94,050 By Hon. Company's Ophium 59, 19a 
 
 By Private Ophium . 16,000 
 
 Total 423,426 
 
 The 
 
 Total 432,366
 
 INTRODUCTION. iit 
 
 The Account of the Moraitas, from a Perjtan MS, 
 was obtained, ia 1769, :it Allahabad, by my old Friend, 
 Mr. Claud Rujfell, to whofe attention I am much indebted ; 
 as every thing concerning 'this People is become an objeft 
 of confideration, I have given it a Place ; but the Hijlorical 
 Documents, of the Morattas, have the like contradidlions, 
 as are found in the Hiftories of other Countries. 
 
 The Paper containing the Latitudes and Longitudes of 
 Places, between Mafulipatam and Calaitta, was obligingly 
 communicated by Mr. Petrie, of the Madrafs Council ; 
 This Journey was executed under the countenance of the 
 late Sir Archibald Campbell, to whom, and to Mr. Topping, 
 the Public are indebted for much valuable Geographic 
 Information : and ftill more may be expelled from 
 Mr. Topping, in confequence of the liberal condudl of The 
 Court of Diredlors, when They gave him the direction 
 of that bufinefs, by appointing him The Company's 
 Aftronomer and Surveyor on the Coaft of Choromandel. 
 
 The Account of Dr. Roxburgh's affiduous Exertions 
 for the Public Service, is taken from his Letters to 
 me. 
 
 Dr. Roxburgh has fuggefted the very great benefit, to 
 the Inhabitants in the Circars, under the Eaft India 
 
 Company's
 
 iv INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Company's Jurifdiction, that would attend a Copper Coinage 
 from England, not liable to thole Jrbiirary Fludiuations, 
 which at prefent enable the Shroff'' s, or Money-Changers, 
 grievoufly to diftrefs the indujlrious Poor^: I truft the 
 Perfons, to whom the Management,, and Superintendance 
 of the Company's affairs, are now confided, will not 
 be wanting in applying a remedy to the Evil com- 
 plained of. 
 
 The Public are to thank Lieutenant /. 5". Ewart, for 
 the Plan of Khalinjer Fort, Iketched by an Indian ; although 
 it cannot be confidered as a Geometrical Plan, it probably 
 conveys a competent idea of that Place. 
 
 5th July, i7t|2.
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 OF 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 N? I. Page. 
 
 1 . Account of the Cultivalion of Pepper, in the Circar of 
 
 Rajahmundry, near Samul Cotab, by Dr. JVilliam 
 Roxburgh i to 30 
 
 2. Method of cultivating Pepper at Tellicherry, on the 
 
 Malabar Coajl 3 ' • 3*^ 
 
 3. Letter from Dr. A. Anderfon to Dr. Pf^iUlam Roxburgh, 
 
 containing an Account of the Climate and Pro- 
 
 daciions of the Travancore Country 37-3^ 
 
 4. A Botanical Defcription of The Tree- Indigo, or 
 
 Neriiim TinBorium, by Dr. fFilliam Roxburgh . 39 . 44 
 £. Summary Account of the H^eather at Nagpore, 1782 
 
 and 83, by Lieutenant I. S, Ewart 45 . 48 
 
 6. Lift of the Indian Cajis, who do, and who do not, eat 
 
 animal Food 49 • 5^ 
 
 n. Memoir of a Sketch of the Roads into the Comhum and 
 
 CudapahCoumneSfi-}^^, hy Lieutenant IV.C.Lennon 53 . 56 
 
 8. Account of the Plan of the Roads, from Nellore to 
 
 the fVeJlern Pajfes, and to Ongole, Inacunda, &c. 
 
 1788, by Colin Mackenzie, Praftitioner Engineer 57 . 64 
 
 9. Introduftion to Mr. Bowyears Voyage to Cochin- 
 
 China, by ^ 65 . 08 
 
 r , 10. Letter to the King of Cochin-Clina, Mr. Bowyears 
 
 v"^ Inftruftions, and Mr. Bowyear's Journal, 1695-7, 
 
 znd King of Cochin-China's L.^iter 69 . 94 
 
 11. Grofs Produce of the different kinds of Grain at 
 
 J'izagapalam 95 
 
 12. Grains ofRice counted on differentStalks of Paddy D? . . 96 
 
 In this Number are the following Plates; 
 J. Tree Indigo; 2. Lieut. Lennon's Sketch; 3. 4. Lieut. 
 
 M'Kenzie's Plans. 
 
 b 1. Letter
 
 v/ 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 N? II. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1. Letter concerning the Ncgiais Expedition, and 
 
 conccTning xhe aJjafeiit Countries, 1759, by J2) 9710128 
 
 2. The Consequence of Settling an European Colony 
 oathe IfianJNEcviAis 129 . 132 
 
 3. Ca.pt. George Baker's Ob(eTvn\ons at Per/aim, I "]£§ 133 . 142 
 
 4. -■ Journal of his Embajfy to the King 
 of the Biiraghmahns 143 . 162 
 
 5. • Short C/?'^rj<3fr of that iCi.>«g- . . 163 . 168 
 
 6. Short Account of that Country . . 169 . 176 
 
 7. Account o( the EnglijJ: Proceedings 3.tDagoon, ly^^ ij-j . 200 
 
 8. Enfign LeJIer's Embafly to the King of Jva, 1757 201 . 222 
 
 9. Treaty concluded with the IsC/z/g- of y?x;rt . . 223 . 226 
 ID. Brief Account of the 7'rai? of ^n«ra«, 1761, by 
 
 Mr. William Turner 227. 228 
 
 11. Account o( Tippo Sultauii, 1790 229 . 236 
 
 12. Account of iVfl/rPrwf^i, on the Malabar Coast 237 . 240 
 ^ 13. Some Account of Cochin-China, by Mr. Robert 
 
 Kir/op, 1750 241 . 254 
 
 14. Lift of different Gr^m in C/6/V^fo/^ CrVrrt/- . . . z^^ . 256 
 
 Ir^ this N? are the following Plates : 
 
 1, Ava River by Capt. Baker ; * 2. Ava River from another MS; 
 
 '3. Plans of Darampury and Tingherry Cot ah ; 4. Plan of 
 
 Seringampainam with the Setiions ; and, 5. Plan and Sections 
 
 of Colar. 
 
 I. Account 
 
 * For Rounmeon read Kounmcon. 
 
 /
 
 5^ 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 N? I If. 
 
 Page. 
 
 269 . 
 
 280 
 
 281 
 
 282 
 
 283 
 
 286 
 
 287 
 
 
 1. Account 01 Mahva 257 to 264 
 
 2. Defcription of L^^//, 17S5, by Sir C. W. Malet,, 265 . 268 
 
 3. Account of Bandekund ....... 
 
 4. Goods imported, by Junks, at Canton, 1767 
 /^ 5. D? . exported, . Z)? from Z)? ' .1767 
 
 6. Imports at Qv</i7« and L/V??/'^, 1767 . . 
 
 7. Exports to, and Imports from, Japan, 'I'jb'p ■ — - 28S- 
 
 8. Goods imported, 2it ALuao, annually; and Goods 
 
 exported, 1767 289 . 290 
 
 "9. Account o( the Ranah 291. 298 
 
 10. Account of 7j)/)oor 299 . 302 
 
 11. Account of the 7''*<'-s 303 ' 3^'^ 
 
 12. Account of the Province of ./^^rj > 311 . 314 
 
 13. Hiftorical Anecdotes of the .5a««/Za Faw;/y . . 315 • 342 
 /-1 4. Account of the Lofs of iVt'^ra/j, 1759 . • • 34-3 ' 5 S'^ 
 
 I 15. Capt. IValter Alves^s Proceedings in Ava, on an 
 
 j Emhaffy, 1760 351-393 
 
 16. Tranflation of a Letter, from the^ T^i^g of the 
 
 Buraghmahiis, 10 x\\t Governor oi Madrafs . 394 . 395 
 
 17. Jiitonio, the Lin^uiJ's, Ljetter to Governor Pigot '. 396 
 V_j8. Prince o{ Per/aim's 'Letter, to D? .... 397 . 398 
 
 19. Account of ^uedah, 1789, by M. Topping, Efq. 399 . 402 
 
 20. Account of the Aforrt/Zi^i, from a Perfian MS. . 403 . 418 
 
 21. Latitude a.nd Longitude of Places, between MafuH- 
 
 patam and Calcutta, with Remarks on the Country, 
 
 1786, and 1787, by M. Topping, Efq. . . 419 . 450 
 
 22. Further Account of the Cultivation of Pepper in 
 
 the Circars, by Dr. Roxburgh 45 1 • 4^6 
 
 In this N? are the following Plates : 
 
 X, OlTour, 2. Salem, 3. Cannanore, 4. Views of Buildings in 
 Seringapatnam, and 5. Plan of Khalinjer Fort. 
 
 I . Route
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 N? IV. 
 
 Page. 
 
 1. Route from Poonah to BaUijore, as travelled by 
 
 Colonel Upton, on his return to Bengal, 1777 467 to 498 
 
 2. Effay towards an Account of Sooloo, 1763, by r 499 . 576 
 
 Malrymple 1577*578* 
 
 Lift of Sovereigns of 5orwo 577 
 
 D? . D? . . . Magindanao 578 
 
 In this Number are the following Plates. 
 1.2. Col. Upton's Route. 
 
 LIST of PLATES, to be l>ounJ with guards. 
 
 to face 
 Pi. I. Tree Indigo . Page 39 
 
 2. Lieut. Lennons Sketch of the Combum and Cudapah Countries 53 
 ^' J Lieut. M^Kenzus Plan of Roads from Nel/oie, to Ongele, &c. 64 
 
 5. jiva River, by Capt. Baker 133 
 
 6. Ava River, from another MS 226 
 
 7. Fhn of Xha/injir 276 
 
 * i Colonel Uptons Route from Poonah to Bengal . . . 498 
 
 1 0. Plans of Darampury and Tingherry Cotah 
 
 11. Win oi Sciingapalam ...... 
 
 12. \\cvi& oi Buildings \n Sciingapatam .... 
 J 3. Plan of Color ........ 
 
 1 4. Plan of Ojjour . ....... 
 
 15. Plan of Salem ........ 
 
 1 6. Plan of Cannanorc ....... 
 
 J-578
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 SCELLJXEOUS. 
 
 1 HE Human Mind is not, naturally, fo profligate, or 
 abandoned to felf, as to be without the generovis defire of 
 promoting the welfare of Pofterity : But, fmce Ignorance and 
 Envy are Weeds, even in thefe enHghtcned days, not quite 
 rooted out from Society, Public Applaufe and Encourage- 
 ment are juftly due to Thofe Men, who apply their Ingenuity 
 and Labours to the Public Service: Indeed it appears that 
 App-robatioii is, at all times, requifite to fupport the Energy of 
 Effort. 
 
 The Cultivation ofPeppn; in the Circjrs, appears to be an Objecl 
 of very great confequence; and much credit is due to Dr. 
 IfWiam Roxburgh, by whole affiduous Endeavours, the Intro- 
 duftion of this valuable Plant, into cultivation, was effeded in 
 17S7. . 
 
 Tliere is no Subjedl iTiore curious, than to follow, through 
 every Step, from the firft Introduaion, ii'.e Progrels of New- 
 Articles of Produce, in any Country. 
 t 
 
 ■ Wlien it is confidered that Supra;-, the great Staple of the 
 I y'cji- Indies, is not indigenous to the Kew-ll'orLi; but firfh 
 ^xcw zt Hifpanioh in 1306; having been carried tl:itber from 
 
 C tl"'c
 
 2 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the Canaries, ^ We are ftruck with aftonilhmcnt at the Events 
 produced by the introdudVion of a regetable ! 
 
 On 7th March, 1787, I received from my worthy Friend 
 Mr. A/idrezu Rofs^ at Madrafs, the firft account of Dr. Roxburgh's 
 having found '' that the Black-Pepper grew wild in the Hills to 
 the Northward oi Samul Cotab, which is in about 17? North Lat. 
 82? E. Long, from Greenwich; but as I doubt not it will be 
 moft acceptable to the Publick, to have thefe Papers in the 
 ftate I received them, I fliall, without further introduftion, 
 infert them, efpecially as it gives me the opportunity of doing 
 Juftice to all the Parties concerned : 
 
 Extracts. 
 
 • Tiiblus Chronologicas por Claudio Clcmente, Valencia 1689 4? P. 168. 
 " Las primcras canas de a^ucar ij huvo en las Indias, fueron en la Ilia Efpa- 
 " Sola, 1 506 : Avia las Uevado «e Canarias un vezino de la Vega llamado 
 " Agujllon : el Bachillcr Vcllofa, y Pedro dc Atien^a, fueron los primeros 
 •' que las plantnron, y facaron a^ucar de ellas; dieron tan bien, que en poco 
 " tiempo huvo 40 ingenios de agiia, y cavallos en la Ifla. El primcro Ic 
 ** hczieron Chriftoval, y Francifco de Tapia en el Laguate. 
 
 •' The firft Sugar Canes found in the Weft-Indies were at Hifpaniola in 
 " 1506. An Inhabitiint of la F'ega, named JIguillon, having brought them 
 *' from the Canaries: Baclnllcr Fcllofa and Pedro Atkn^a were tlie firft who 
 •' planted them and cxtnifted Sugar from them : They yielded fo well, that 
 '•' in a fliort time there were on the Ifland 40 Water and Horfe Mills. The 
 " firft was made by Chriftoval, and Francifco dc 7apia, at Laguate.''^ 
 
 I cannot omit, on this occafion, taking notice, that the late Mr. Hazard 
 affured me, he learnt from one of the Panics concerned, that Rice, the 
 Staple of Ca;«/;>;a, was the rcfiiit of a yiwa// ^j ot Paddy, given as a prefent 
 from u Secretary of the £;ift India Company to a Catolina-Trader. ^ 
 
 ' It is faid The Committee cA Circuit, in one of their Reports, had mentioned 
 
 that Pepper was- produced in Ran:pah, on the borders of the Rajamundry 
 
 J^ISCELLANEOUS, drear; but it appears Dr. ^tf.v^/o-^/?' was unacqu^iinted with this i?(r^«r/; and 
 
 his Merit is not in having learnt that it was produced., but in his afliduous 
 
 Z endeavours to bring the Pepper into cuttivatiou.
 
 •ELLANEOUS. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 3 
 
 Extracts of Letters from Mr. fVilUam Roxburgh, Surgeon, 
 at Samiil Cotah, to Mr. Andrew Rofs, at Madrafs. 
 
 " April 25th, 1786. 
 " I have the pleafure to inform you, that, fince my return, 
 I have for the firfl time difcovered, that Black Pepper is found, 
 growing wild, in fome parts of the Hills to the North Weft 
 of this, the Natives of thofe Hills bring fmall quantities 
 frequently down to the Plains to fell, — now judge to yourfelf, 
 how right Doctor Ru^el and I have been in conjedluring, that 
 the Climate, &c. of the Circars, would be favourable for the 
 culture of Black Pepper. 
 
 *' I have now two Men out amongft thofe Hills, to bring me 
 fome of the Pepper — fome of the Plants, &c. and fliall let you 
 hear from me again on their return, I muft now requeft of you 
 to take a favourable opportunity of mentioning the whole Plan 
 to our new Governor. ^ You can point out the advantages that 
 may be expefted to arifc from our fchemes being heartily carried 
 into execution. 
 
 " May 8th. I wrote you on the 25th ult? that, fince my 
 return, I had learned, that Black Pepper grew wild amongft the 
 Hills to the North Weft of this — and that I had lent out to 
 bring me fome of theJPepper, fome Specimens of the Plant, &c. 
 The Pepper I got — but none of our low country People will 
 juft now venture in amongft the Hills for the Plants. The 
 Pepper I find is to be had in all the Bazars near the Hills, it 
 being chiefly what is ufed Inland, and as foon as any of the 
 Hill-People come down, they are to be broughc to me, and 
 then it fliall be my bufmefs to induce them to bring me as 
 many Plants as pofTible — about a thoufand I hope, thus far 
 
 I will 
 
 ; Sir Archibald CaropbcU.
 
 4 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 1 will go at my own expencc ; but if Government wiili to 
 fet about introducing the culture, in a proper manner, many 
 thoufand mud be got, luppofe 5000, and if thofe are well taken 
 care of, 500,000 may be in two years raifed from them.— • 
 I mufl: requeft of you to let me know what is your opinion 
 of this matter, and whether or not you think Government will 
 proceed in the bufmefs or not, for without they do, it is needlefs 
 for me to take much trouble, nor to put myfcli to much 
 cxpence about the matter. 
 
 " May 1 2th. Your agreeable Letter of the 4th. 1 have 
 received, and thank you for the warm part you take in for- 
 warding the Pepper cultivation. On the 8th I did myfelf 
 the pleafure to fend you a muiler of the Pepper from the 
 Hills. — I now fend you a little more for Sir Arcbikild Campbell, 
 which I beg of you to prefent. As foon as the Rains begin 
 to fall, I (liall fet about getting Plants, and if Orders In the 
 mean time were iiTucd, to the Board at Mafidipaia/n, to render 
 me all the afTiflance in their power, it would be of the utmoft 
 confequence, for my labour unfupported can at moft only 
 cultivate a fmall number of Plants compared to what muil 
 make it an Object of Commerce for the Company. 
 
 " I have fortunately met with Mar/Jen's Hiflory of Suimlra, 
 which throws fome light on the method of proceeding with 
 that valuable plant. 
 
 " Many thanks for the Guhica Grafs feed. I had fome from 
 Sir Jcb'i DalUtig laft year, but none of it grew, how ever I hope 
 to fucceed better with this, we may expect our Rains to fet in 
 next Month, which is the time for fowing it, fo it has arrived 
 MISCFT I yJKEOUSr '" ^'^^' 8°°'-^ ^^me, pray can you procure me any thing die in 
 that way ? 
 4 From
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 5 
 
 From Mr. Rofs to Sir Archibald Campbell. 
 
 " MaJrafs, 22d May, 1786. 
 
 *' I forgot. Sir, to add to the Extradts from Mr. Roxburgh's 
 " Letters on the Subjedt of the Pepper, what may be regarded 
 ** as no immaterial confideration ; that on comparing the Mufter 
 *' which he has fent, with the Pepper from the Malabar Coaft, 
 " which is here in the Shops for Sale, the Shopkeepers fay that 
 ** the former is at lead lo ^ Cent, better in quality. 
 
 " I am not a fufficient judge of the matter, but am inclined 
 ** to think, that the quality of the Pepper would be ftill further 
 ** improved by cultivation." 
 
 ** From Mr. Roxburgh to Mr. Rofs, 4th June, 1786. 
 
 " Some days ago I replied to your kind Letter of the 25th 
 ult? fmce that my Peon has returned from the fkirts of the 
 Hills, with fome more Pepper : he got it at a place called 
 Cottapilla, where the Hill people frequently bring it to fell, and 
 he was informed, the neareft Pepper Gardens were at a place 
 called Rampa, which is about 12 Cofs beyond Cottapilla, and 
 where the low Country People never go, if they can avoid it. 
 The Zemindar, that Raynpa belongs to, promifes to procure 
 plants when the Rains begin. I am now anxious to have 
 OiHcial inftrudlions before the Rains ^£o-/«, for without Orders 
 being iffued, by the Board, to the Zemindars, to affift and 
 encourage the undertaking, littl^ is to be expefVcd ; the 
 labouring People, through the Circars, look up totheir Zemin- 
 dars, or Rajahs, and not to the Company, nor their Servants." 
 
 Mr. Rofs in his Letter to me of the 13th Ai^giiH: 1786, 
 received in England on the 7th March 1787, fays " The moft 
 5 D " particular 
 
 CELLAXEOUS.
 
 6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " particular Orders were given in time to The 67vV/and Council 
 *' of MafuUpatam to furnifh Mr. Roxburgh with all the neceflary 
 " difburfements to enable him to proceed, and to give Orders 
 ** to the Zemindars, to aflift and encourage the undertaking." 
 
 On the 7th of April I/87 I received from Mr. Rofs the 
 . following additional information, contained in Extradls of Letters 
 from Dr. Roxburgh to him; they comprehend other Subjedts 
 befides the Pepper, but as It is a pleafure to promulgate the 
 public-fpirited efforts of thefe worthy Perfons, I have not a 
 doubt, that in giving the Extrafls at large, I fliall render an 
 acceptable fervice to a Generous Publick. 
 
 «' SamulCotah, ibth Nov. 1786. 
 
 " Since my laft to you I have received fome very confiderable 
 fupplies of Pepper Plants, and what is more, they grow well, I 
 begin already to lay them down, I think, fuppofing I receive 
 no more, a fuppofition I have not right to entertain, by the 
 time for tranfplanting them out to the prop-Trees, I fhall have 
 about 1000 Plants. The Prop-Trees for 1500 Pepper Vines 
 are already planted, fo you fee I go on brifkly, indeed my 
 fuccefs hitherto is far beyond what I ever flattered myfelf with; 
 my valuable Correfpondent Herbert Harris of Calcutta is now 
 fcndirLg me a number of Coffee Plants, fo that the whole of my 
 plan will be completely on foot, he informs me that Lord 
 Cornwallis told him the Government of Madrafs had procured 
 me a large fupply of Pejper plants, which I would foon 
 receive ; do you know any thing of them ? 
 
 •' The Board oi MafuUpatam render me every affiftance I can 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. ^^^ ^°''' ^^^"^^ excepted, thofe I have got by my own 
 
 induflry. I have fortunately been able to enter into a Corrcf- 
 
 6 pondence
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 7 
 
 pondence wiih the Rajah of Rampa, where Pepper grows, he 
 may be called an independant Polygar, he is a young man of 
 about 18 or 20; when he laft font me Pepper Plants they were 
 accompanied with a wild Hog, a Mountain Squirrel, differing 
 from any I had ever feen before, and fomc finging Birds, and. 
 in return wrote for two pen-knives, and a looking Glafs. The 
 knives I fent, but had no looking Glafs fit foMiini, I fliall write 
 to Amos to fend me one by the firft Conveyance. 
 
 " Wc have been vifited by two very violent Gales of Wind 
 . in the Circars this Year, which is a thing very uncommon, the 
 lafl was on the 3d, it exerted its force chiefly in the Vizagapatani 
 Diftriift, where many Lives were loft. Trees torn up, Houfes 
 beat down, &c. fome Veffel or Veflels muft have been loft at 
 Sea, as many pieces of the wreck have been drove on ftioar near 
 this, and the Body of an European. 
 
 " Mr. Harris is fending me a fet of Copper-Sugar-Boilers. I 
 mean to fet about improving the quality of our Sugars, next 
 month they begin to cut the Cane, Sec. 
 
 ** The Crop looks remarkably well all hereabout, we have 
 had juft fufficient Rain, the Farmers fay they have had juft as 
 much as they could willi and no more, which is a rare circum- 
 ftance, as they are always complaining, with a view to raife the 
 Price of Grain. 
 
 " Samul Cotab, i^th Aii^. I "86. 
 
 " I have received the wild Paddy, you were fo good as to fend 
 me by Mr. AmoSy together with your obliging Letter which 
 accompanied it, that fort of Paddy grows in great abundance 
 wild in this diftrift, but is never eat, the Inhabitants here are 
 7 better 
 
 CELLANEOUS.
 
 « ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 better fed than on the Ifland of Zcylan, it is feldom they are 
 drove to the neceffity of eating fuch food ; they fay it has no 
 tafle, and that it is troublefome to gather, and to clean. 
 
 " The Seeds I promifed you fliall be fent by Captain Burns, 
 who arrived here the day before yefterday, and delivered me your 
 Letter of the 17th, but alas ! the Water-crclTcs periflied on the 
 paflage, not one fingle blade of them to be feen, he fays, fo did 
 not fend the Tub on flioar. 
 
 " I am forr}', fincerely forry indeed, to be ftill unable to give 
 you favourable accounts of the Pepper Plantations. The Board 
 of Mafulipatayn has ordered me what Ground &c. I want, but 
 with all their influence and my induftry, Plants have not hitherto 
 been procured. I have ftill two men on the Borders of the Hills 
 with Money to procure them, the neareft place where the Pepper 
 grows, is about 30 Cofs within the Hills, you would think, no 
 great diftance, yet fo great is the dread the low land people 
 have of thefe Hills, that it would be eafier to bring them 
 (the Plants) from the moft Southerly part of the Continent than 
 that 30 Cofs. 1 am exceedingly glad to find you are endeavouring 
 to get Plants from Sumatra and the Alalabar Coaft, and hope you 
 will fucceed, for at all events it will be fatisfaclory to try every 
 fort." 
 
 " Samul Cctah, •jthSept. 1 786. 
 
 " It will give you fitisfaclion, I am certain, to know, that 
 I have received in pretty good order, a parcel of Pepper Plants 
 from the Pfills — they were brought from beyond Rimpa, which 
 is about 20 Cofs within the Hills — two Peons were fent on the 
 expedition, one of which was taken ill with the Hill Fever on 
 
 his return and left behind, fo dangerous is it for a Native of the 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS- , , , „ ,v ,i ^ u 11 - 
 
 low Lands, to venture in amonglt the Hills. 
 
 8 Samul
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. p 
 
 " SamulCotab, 12th Sept. 1786. 
 
 " I have, fince writing you laft, received fome Pepper Plants 
 from the Hills, fo I now hope, the great obilacle is at laft 
 furmounted, and that I lliali almoft every itw days receive 
 fupplies." 
 
 On 2d April 17S8, by the Ravenfivorih, I received from 
 Mv.Rofs, in a Letter dated the 5th Oct. 17S7, the following 
 copy of a Letter from Dr. Roxburgh, at Samid Cotah, dated 
 23d Aug. 1787, to Dr. Anderfon at Madrafs. 
 
 " Only yefterday did I receive your favour of the loth, with 
 •its enclofures, the Rains have been fo very violent hereabout 
 for a length of time, that we are fometimes 3 days without a 
 Tappal. The CaSlus JUps which were fent me by the Dcuijlrog, 
 I have received, and have planted them, immediately under my 
 Eye, in my Garden, and as they fhoot out ramuli, I will remove 
 them to a Plantation, out at the Pepper Gardens, which is inland 
 from diis about 6 miks, and from the neareft part of the Sea 
 8 or 1 2 miles. The place is near the firft range of Hills and 
 is well flickered by innumerable xMango Topes— fo have no doubt 
 but that it is as good a fituation as can be found any where on 
 the Coaft. No fpecies of the Caaus grows any where hereabout. 
 I have conftantly people going and coining from the Hills 
 collecling Pepper Plants.— I AkUI fliew them the Plant, and 
 direct them to keep a look out for any thing they can fee like it. 
 1 have alfo a Man conftantly employed amongft the Hills 
 collecling me Seeds and Specimens of Plants, he fiiall allb be 
 inftruded to look out particularly for the Plants of that Genera. 
 I fear the Chlocoon L,fccl will not be found hereabout for fome 
 'CELLAXEOUS. -""^' °° account of the late Inundation; laft year I faw many 
 of them near the Sea by Ccdamrni upon however 
 
 9 E I fliali
 
 WSCELLJNEOL^. 
 
 lo ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 I (hall dlftribute your Advertifements amongft the mofE 
 intelligent of the Natives, and do ochcrwire all I can to procure 
 you a quantity. 
 
 *' My Pepper Plantations go on far beyond what I ever 
 expe£\ed. 1 have now not lefs than between z or 3000 very 
 fine Plants ready to remove from the Nurfery, fome of theni 
 in flower— as foon as the heavy rains are over, I fliall fet 
 about removing them out to their Prop-Trees — Erytbrina 
 coralladendron. The Seeds of the Lo^ood, Ca-fijlpinia fappatty 
 you gave laft year, has produced very fine Plants. I have them 
 out at the Pepper Gardens. I now mean to fet about ta 
 introduce the culture of Teak in the low Lands hereabout. 
 At prefent it grows only amongft the Mountains about 
 Rnjahmundij." 
 
 Mr. Rofi adds in a PS- " Dr. Roxburgh, in a letter of a 
 ** later date, fays that he has about 4000 Pepper Plants." 
 
 Mr. Rofs, in a letter of the 22d Ocl. 1787, by the fame 
 Ship wrote me thus. 
 
 " Having lately received from Dx. Roxburgh a Parcel of the 
 " Pepper which is produced in the Hills to the Weftward ^ of 
 " Sannd Colah, from whence he has procured the Plants, that he 
 " is now rearing. — I have requefled the favour of Capt. Roddanty 
 " to carry it home — and he is fo good to do fo. It is put up 
 " in Gunny and marked I. A. Pepper, and you will enquire 
 " after it, and diftrlbute the Contents to fuch Perfons, as you 
 " may judge moft likely to take notice of an improvement 
 
 *' which 
 
 10 • WeJl'ivarJ fliould be Nordward.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY n 
 
 '* which may prove beneficial to The Company, and that fuch 
 *' intimation of the laudable care, induftry, and knowledge of 
 *' fo valuable a Servant as Dr. Roxburgh, may be better known 
 " to fuch as have it in their power, and ought to reward, with 
 " liberality, thofe who fliew themfelves fo deferving." 
 
 But unfortunately this Sample of the Tepper never came to 
 my hands ; Capt. Roddam informed me it had been feized by 
 the Cuftom-Houfe Officers. 
 
 On 24th March, 1789, I received a Letter from Mr. J?o/}, 
 dated 6th Aug. 1788, in which he enclofed an Extrad of a 
 Letter, dated 17th July, 1788, from Dr. Roxburgh to the 
 Chief and Council of Mo.fuhipatam, giving an account of the 
 Improvements he had made in the cultivation of Pepper and 
 Coffee at Samul Cotah, viz. 
 
 " It is with plcafure that I can inform the Board, that the 
 late weather has been lb favourable for tranfplancing the Pepper 
 Vines from the Nurferics to the Plantations, as to enable me 
 to determine, that the three Plantations contain no lefs than 
 9,500 Plants ; nearly double the number I formerly reckoned 
 upon, which reduces the charges above one half, or which is the 
 fame thing, I have double the number of Plants for the fame 
 money, and what will reduce them ftill more is, that I have the 
 pleafure to find, that after compleating the above work, 
 9 or 10,000 Plants will remain, the chief purport of this Letter 
 is to requeft to know as foon as poffible, what Government would 
 
 wllh to have done with the remaining 9 or 10,000 Plants. 
 
 They thrive exceedingly well, in all the different foils mentioned 
 
 in my former Letters, fo much fo, that in another year, I could 
 
 ^CELLA:SE0US. ^''^'^^'^"■^ ^o fay, that 100,000 Plants may be procured from thofe 
 
 I am already in pofleffion of. 
 
 IJ a Iq
 
 12 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " In my Letter to the Board, under date the 24th December, 
 and again in my Letter to the Honourable the Governor in 
 Council of the 17th Fcbr. I hinted ni}' wifli to try if a Icfs 
 valuable foil would not anfwcr equally \vcll for this culture, 
 and pointed out the Satuiy Lands about Tozuir/on, in the 
 Zemindary of Pcttupoor; except a Plantation there for atrial, 
 I would recommend the greateft number of the above mentioned 
 fpare Plants, to be placed about Irawa, where they thrive fo well. 
 
 " The young Coffee Trees grow well, and are moft com- 
 pletely loaded with berries, which I mean to employ entirely 
 for feed, with a view to raifc as many Trees as poffible; 
 Government will then have it in their Power to cultivate that 
 Article or not, as may be advifeable." 
 
 Mr. Rofs added that " if I could procure Dr. Roxburgh any 
 ** fubftantial mark of The Company's approbation it would 
 " be encouraging to him and to others, and if nothing better 
 " can be obtained, it would be acceptable to him, if his 
 ** Mafters would fend him, all the good Books on Botany 
 *' (Latin and Englilli) and on fuch other Subjects as have a 
 " connedion with it, and on Natural Hiftory, Chymiftry and 
 " the cultivation of fuch Staple Articles in that way, as this 
 " Country produces, or may be introduced, If a copy of the 
 " Hortiis MalabancL'.s could be procured, that would be very 
 " acceptable to him. For all thcfe he is now at a lofs, by 
 " being deprived of many of them, and of others, by the 
 " Great Scorm that happened at Corhiga (where he then was) 
 *' two years ago. He is very induftrious and fenfible." 
 
 I received at the fame time a Letter from Dr. Rosbi'.r?-h 
 bimfclf, dated Saniul Cotah 25th Auguft 1788, in which he 
 MISCELLANEOUS, gives the following Summary Account of his Proceedings. 
 
 12 " Since
 
 
 (( 
 (( 
 
 (( 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 13 
 
 " Since the end of 1781 I have been ftationed here, and as 
 foon as I became a little acquainted with the Seafons, Soil 
 and Produce of the Country hereabout, I formed an idea 
 " that Pt'pper and Coffer would tiirive as well in this Crrcar, as 
 " in any part oi' Jjia ; my natural tuin for Botany, Agriculture 
 " and Meteorological Obfervations enabled me to form the 
 idea upon pretty certain grounds. I addrcflcd Mr. Davidfon 
 [then Governor of Madmfs'] on the Subject and received a 
 " favourable anfwer, recommending my writing immediately 
 " to The Board, which I did ; however little more than juft 
 *' having received favourable anfwcrs from Government, was 
 " done, 'till the arrival of Sir Archibald Campbell : during the 
 " mrerval I fortunately difcovered that the Pepper-Vine was a 
 " Native of the Hills diredly North from Samul Cot ah : on 
 procuring fomc of the Tcppcr, it was found equal to, if nQt 
 belter than, the beft Malabar or ZeyUin Pepper, thefe favour- 
 able circumftances induced me to prefs Government pretty 
 " hard to begin the cultivation, in their own Lands between 
 " Samtl Cotah and the Hills ; and at laft an Order arrived for 
 " fo doing: the whole of the affiftance I have hitherto re- 
 ceived has been juft 200 Pagodas, w^hich fum has defrayed 
 every expence down to this time. I think you will fay J 
 have not negleclej the bufincfs, nor peculated from the 
 abovementioned Sum, when I inform you that at this inftant 
 I have compleated three Plantations containing 4750 prrp- 
 •Trees, and to each prop-tree I have put two Pepper Fine 
 Plants; in all 0500 Hnes, and have befides about 10,000 
 Plants remaining in the Nurferics, with which I am ordered 
 to form more Plantations : and Ihould the culture be carried 
 " on as faft as I could do it, I will venture to fliy that in one 
 " year more I could have loo.oco Plants and could continue 
 SCELU^EOUS. " ^° encrealc them to any number : I never met with any fort 
 " of plant fo eafy to propagate. My Prop - trccs are from 
 ^i F '* branches 
 
 
 
 a
 
 MISCELLANEO US. 
 13 
 
 14 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 *' branches of ihe Moochy JVood tree'' and to fiivc room they 
 *' are planted in quincunx order, at the diftancc of 6, 8 and 10 
 *' feet afundcr. ^ 
 
 " I have alfo procured about 40 very fine young Cofce 
 *' Trees, they thrive as well as I could u'ifh, and arc at this 
 " inftant complcatly loaded wiih berries. 
 
 " Many of mv Teppcr Plants begin to fhow their Flowers : 
 *' however 1 Icarce can expect any produce yet, as they have 
 " been only two and three months tranfplanted inta the plan- 
 *» tations from the Nurferies. 
 
 *' I have made trial of various forts of Soil, and they grow 
 *' moft luxuriantly in all forts to be found, up towards the Hills, 
 " viz. a rich black inould, a mixed red ditto with tiiiuh coarfc faiid, 
 " a fandy and a clayey : thefe are the Sorts that prevail where 
 •* I have made the Plantations : they require much Jjade and 
 " moijlttre. The Ground employed for Nachanee and fmall 
 " ^rain is what anfwers beft, and is not half io valuable to 
 ♦' the Zemindar as Paddy Ground. 
 
 " Had it not been for the above Undertaking I fhould 
 •' have left India for my native Country laft Year, nothing 
 " elfe detains me, as I have been fo fortunate as to make a 
 " fmall fortune entirely by Trade, my income from The 
 '• Company has never any thing like maintained me, yet I 
 " am not an expenfive Man. I have a wife and Family of 
 " two Children, they are of an age to be put to School ; which 
 «< is another inducement for mc to go home. I have not 
 " hitherto received the fmalleft advantage for the great trouble, 
 
 " I may 
 
 Eiythrina coralladendron of Liimeus. R,
 
 OP.IENTAL REPERTOPvY. 15 
 
 *' I may fay conftant labour, I Iiave had with the undertaking, 
 " nor do I exped any : I am perfectly convinced that the 
 " advantage likely to accrue, not only to The Company but 
 " to the Nation, mud be confitlerablc when abundantly pol- 
 " fefled of fo valuable a Commodity in the Circan, which is to 
 " me a great reward. 
 
 *' Bcncoolcn and its dependencies are, I believe, kept up 
 " chiefly, if not entirely, on account of the Pepper, how much 
 "more preferable would it be, could as much as The Company 
 " wants, be ralfed here in their own Territory, which would 
 " require no additional cxpcnce to defend It, on account of 
 *' Its producing Pepper, 
 
 " The chief Place, up amongft the Hills, where I have 
 " been able to difcover the Pepper Plants to be a Native, is in 
 *' amongft the Hills about 30 miles, and about 50 diredly North 
 " from hence. It Is called Rampbah, and belongs to an inde- 
 " pendent Pollygar ; a young man of about 20 years of age, 
 *' I have had fome friendly corrcfpondence with him on the 
 " fubjecl: of Pepper, fome Plants he fent me hlmfelf : he alfo 
 " fent me a prefent of a living wild-pig, a mountain Squirrel, 
 " tzvo tame Paroquets, and a black Mjna, fuch as we get from 
 *' Chit t agon g. 
 
 " I muft not omit to tell you, that the quantitv of Pepper 
 " procurable from the Hills, is too trifling to deferve attention, 
 " its price as high as from 30 to 40 Pagodas ^ Gwc/yof 500 lb. 
 " fo The Company muft entirely depend on the produce of 
 " their own Plantations. It will then come very lozv, if the cul- 
 " ture is managed with proper CEconomy. The Hill People are 
 'ELLAKEOV^. " ^-'^^^^'-^ingb' indolent, and only juft pick up the little that 
 " Nature yields without culture or care. I find, that after 
 IS " the
 
 i6 ORIENTAL REPERTOPn^Y 
 
 ** the Plantations are complcatcd, one Cooly ' will be fully 
 " fufficient to take care of looo Plants, his pay may be 
 " reckoned at 30 Rupees ^ annum, and the 1000 Plants 
 " will on an average yield at lead 500 lb. ^ annum, '' after 
 " they arrive at their bearing Rate, fo that every Candy of 
 " Pepper (o raifed, may be reckoned to fland The Company 
 *' in 50, or at mofl 60, Rupees, rent of the Ground included." 
 
 The next letter which I received from Dr. Roxburgh, by 
 the Manfhip zzd June, 1789, was dated at Madrafs, 30 Jan. 
 1789, in which he fays. 
 
 " I have now formed Plantations which contain between 
 " 40 and qo,ooo Pepper \'ines, occupying about 50 Acres 
 " of Land, and they might now, beyond a doubt, be cncreafed 
 " to any extent Government thought proper ; The Soil they 
 " thrive beft on, is a mixture of reJ-Jlind and clay, and fo high 
 " as never to be flooded by the mofl; violent rains, fuch Lands 
 " the Natives generally ufe for growing. Nafd'anee and other 
 *' forts of dry grain, •= and is only rented at half the value of 
 " Rice-Land, this circumftance will be of confequcnce when 
 " the Plantations come to be very numerous. The whole of 
 " the Undertaking ("cxclufue of my own private Travelling &c. 
 " expences, that I am at on that fcore, and thefe I have 
 *' never charged, as I wifli to keep the expence as low as 
 " pofllble) came to no more, at the end of December, than 
 " about :;oo Pagodas, but now the expence will be confiderably 
 *' greater, as it was only betv/ccn September and December 
 " that the encreafe of from 9 or 10,000 to between 40 and 
 " 50,000 was made." He adds 
 
 "' I have 
 
 " Cooly i. c. LiibouRT. J2) 
 MISCEl L 4\'FOUS- "" This is .t ivrv i)vi' «^/'»/a/i", for it .appears that lib. ^ plant is the ufvial 
 protaucc, :ind confequcntly looolb. inftead ot 500 lb may be expcifted. J^ 
 1 5 ' This is the viilij-.ir iippell.-ition for all G')v7/'2 except Tv/if. J2)
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 17 
 
 '* I have lately pointed out, to the Governor and Council, 
 " the great advantages the Country would now derive, from 
 " the culture of Teak, in every little vacant corner, and fuch 
 " vacant fpots are innumerable all over the Coaft. I have 
 *' alfo hinted, that I think the Silk-lVorm might be reared 
 " to advantasie on the Coaft. You muft well remember how 
 *' eafily and luxuriantly the Mulberry Tree grows every where ; 
 *' poor helplefs women and children might be employed feeding 
 " and taking care of the Worms, which would render the 
 *' work a charitable humane undertaking, independent of its 
 " expedled advantages." 
 
 In a P. S. he adds " No Botanift has ever been in the 
 *' TraveiKore Country, I mean to apply to Government for 
 *' their leave to explore that Country, at the fame time to 
 *' learn their method of cultivating Pepper. I (hall alfo 
 " recommend making a Contradt with the King of The Country 
 " for an annual fupply of Pepper : The Danes have fuch a 
 *' Contradt with him, and deliver Military Stores in payment 
 *' for the Pepper: It is much better our Company (hould have 
 " that profitable branch of Trade to themfelves. I am certain 
 *' it only wants being propofcd to the King of Travancore." 
 
 On the ift September, 1789, by the Dublin, I received 
 a letter from Mr. Rofs of 6ch April, 1789, enclofing Copy of 
 a Letter, dated Fizagapatam, i4ih Dec. 1788, from Dv. Ruffe II 
 to Sir Archibald Campbell, which, being very much to 
 Dr. Roxburgh's Credit, I fliould be unpardonable not to 
 introduce. Dr. Ruflel fays, 
 
 " The Time approaching when I muft of courfe refign my 
 
 'CELLANEOUS' " prefent appointment, I am naturally felicitous, that fome one 
 
 " ftiould fucceed to continue the fame rcfcarches. The only 
 
 ^7 G •' Perlbn
 
 ^1 
 
 i8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " Perfon I know of in The Company's Sen'ice on this Coaft,^ 
 " adequate to the Tafk, I conceived to be on the eve of 
 " his departure for Europe, but find lately that it is his in- 
 *' tcntion to remain fome \Tars ftill in the Country. The 
 *' Gentleman I mean is Mr. Roxburgh, who has been many 
 *' years in India, and applied much to Botany at his leifurc 
 " hours, he had the advantage alfo of being much with the 
 *' late Dr. Ko}!ig, who aflifted him in his (ludies. 
 
 " In the inundation lad year at Ligcvam, he had the mil- 
 " fortune to lofe the whole of a very large Collection of 
 " Plants, together with moft of his Books and Papers, but 
 •' hasfince, under many difadvantagcs, made a New Colleflion, 
 " and in a great meafure repahcd the lofs he had fuftained, this 
 •' I confider as an unequivocal proof of his knowledge and 
 ** praftice in Indian Botany, (and conjoined to his local 
 *< knowledge acquired in the courfe of a long refidcncc in the 
 " Country) of his ability to be of eflcntial Service to the 
 " Company in the way The Direftors wilh, that is in the 
 ** application of fuch refearches to the more immediate purpofes 
 " of utility. It is in this view, fliould you Sir have no 
 " objeflion, that my refignation is intended to be accompanied 
 " with a recommendation of Mr. Roxburgh, as a very proper 
 «* fuccelTor, a few lines in anfwer will much oblige, &c» 
 
 To which Letter, Sir Archibald Campbell made the following 
 anfwer, dated Madrafs, 31ft December, 1788. 
 
 " I have had the honour to receive your letter of the i4tli 
 
 «* Inftant, while I lament that The Publick are to be deprived 
 
 «' of the continuation of your important Services in this 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. ^, Country; I am happy that a Gentleman fo well qualified 
 
 18 " ^^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 19 
 
 *' and Co deferring of the Truft as Mr. Roxburgh is upon the 
 " fpot to purfue the enquiries you have commenced ; and as 
 " I perceive that his being appointed your Succeflbr, will be 
 *' an agreeable meafure to You, You may relye on my recom- 
 " mending him for the vacancy when your refignation comes 
 " before the Board." 
 
 Mr. Rofs's Letter alfo contained copy of the following letter 
 from Dr. Roxburgh to Sir Archibald CcunjbeU's Succeflbr in the 
 Government dated 6th March 1789. 
 
 " While I am at the Prefidency, I think it proper to 
 '' trouble you, with a brief recapitulation of the fuccefs and 
 " prefent (late of The Company's Pepper Plantations under my 
 " care, ray Correfpondence with tlie Board of I^IafullpatafH 
 " contains a pretty accurate hiftory of their progrefs, at large. 
 
 " At various times during 1787 I procured from the 
 " Diftricl of Rampah about 4 or 500 Slips of the Pepper Vim 
 " which was the utmoft I have ever received from that or any 
 " other fource. They were planted in Nurferies and remained 
 *' in them till the Rains began to fall lad year, when they 
 " were removed out into the Plantations prepared for their re- 
 *' ception, the prop-trees having been before planted and rooted. 
 " At the end of December lafl, I had nearly compleated 
 " Plantations containing between 40 and 50,000 Pepper Plants, 
 *' occupying between 40 and 50 acres of fuch Lands as are 
 " employed for the growth of Natehanee and other forts of 
 *' dry grain, which is only about half the value of the Lands 
 " ufed for the culture of Paddy. This will be a confideratioii 
 " of confequence fhould the culture of BLuk Pepper become 
 :ellaneous. «■ extenfive on the Coaft. 
 
 19 «* Befides
 
 20 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 20 
 
 '* Befides the abovementioned 40 or 50,000 Plants, there was 
 ' ftill, in the Nurferies, remaining, to be planted out, a con- 
 ' fiderable number. New Nurferies have alfo been formed, from 
 ' the fmall Slips and prunings of the tranfplanted Plants. 
 
 " The prodigious increafe in one year from 500 to upwards 
 ' of 50,000 * convinces mc, and I dare fay it will every one, 
 ' that the Undertaking may in a fliort time be carried to 
 ' whatever extent Government pleafes. While the Plants 
 ' remained in the Nurferies, they required few hands to take 
 
 * care of them, of courfe the expence was very trifling. At 
 ' the end of December laft it did not quite amount to 300 
 ' Madrafs Pagodas, exclufive of my own travelling charges 
 ' which have never been put in the account. But now the 
 ' expence will be confiderably higher, a Man to each 1000 
 ' Plants is the leaft that can be reckoned on, with a Majlny 
 ' Gardener^ to each 10 or 15,000. 
 
 " I could wilh to have one or two good careful Invalids 
 ' to look after and keep the Coolies to their work, if they 
 ' have been originally Gardeners, fo much the better. 
 
 " The Pepper Fines on the IVeJl Coajl [of Sumatra'] I am 
 ' credibly informed yield one with another, including young 
 ' and old, bearing and not bearing, one pound of Pepper 
 ' annually; but as they grow fo much more luxuriantly in the 
 ' Cinars than on Sumatra, I am inclined to think they will 
 ' alfo yield a larger proportion. One Ton, Builder's Meafure- 
 ' ment, is equal to i6cwt. of Pepper, or 17921b. a fliip may 
 
 * be faid to carry 500 Ton for The Company, fo it will 
 ' require to load one Ship 896,000 lb. and reckoning one 
 
 " pound 
 
 ' There is an iiuicciiracy of cxpreirion here, for the number of Phmts by 
 the end of 1787 was 4000; fo that the Encrcafe from 500 to above 40,000 was 
 in the courfe of t-n.'o yean inftcad of one year. ^ 
 
 ' Maftciy Gardener i. e. Head Gardener. J^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 21 
 
 ** Pound and a half to be the annual produce of each Plant, 
 " it will require 597,332 Vines, to yield 500 Tons of 
 " Pepper * yearly. 
 
 " As foon as I know it is the intention of Government to 
 *' continue encreafing the number of Plantations as faft as the 
 'f Plants can be propagated, I will then take the liberty of 
 *' pointing out what, in my opinion, ought to be done, to 
 " render the Work entcnfive and fuccefsful, and flatter myfclf 
 " that every fupport will be heartily granted, to enable me to 
 " render the undertaking as foon as poffible beneficial to the 
 " Public." 
 
 On 23d April, 1 790, I received a Letter from Dr. Roxburgh, 
 dated SamulCotah, loth Oftob. 1789, he fays, 
 
 " In Auguft, 17S8, I informed You, that I had difcovered 
 " the Pepper Vim to be a Native of the Rampah Hills, and 
 *' that my Plantations then contained between 9 and 10,000 
 *' Plants, befides as many more in Nurferiesj It givQs me 
 " much pleafure to be able to inform you, that, fmce that 
 " time, I have difcovered that that valuable Plant grows wiUl, 
 " in almoft every Valley, amongft the Mou7itains, immediately 
 *' North of this Place, as well as in the Rampah DiJlriSl; 
 " In general the Natives do not know it, nor its value, fome 
 *' few, better informed, benefit by the ignorance of the 
 " multitude, by gathering and bringing it to market. 
 
 " My 
 
 ■ But at I lb. 5f^ Vine, ^oo Tons will require 896,000 Fines, The Fi/ics 
 ELLANEOUS. to produce a T»u of Pepper will occupy fomewhat kfs than t^xo aaa of Lami. ^ 
 
 21 
 
 H
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 22 
 
 a2 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 *' My Plantations contain at prefent between 40 and 50,000 
 ** Plants, planted out to their Prop-trees. The oldeft begin 
 ** to fhow their flowers, however I cannot expe>fl they will 
 ** prove fruitful with me at fo early a period. In the Travancore 
 *' Country they do not bear 'till the fourth year, a pretty good 
 *' account of the method of cultivating the Vine in that Country, 
 *' I have lately received from Mr. A.iderfon^ Surgeon to our 
 " Troops there, a copy of his Letter 1 fend you with this. ^ 
 *' The weather there feems much the fame with what we have 
 " in the Ctrcars, however, I cannot be fo certain as I could 
 " wifh, 'till I have it in my power to compare our meteorological 
 " Obfervations. 
 
 " Our Government before I left Madrafs, (I w.is there on 
 *' a vifit the beginning of the year) granted me permijjion 
 *' to extend the Plantations till they contained 100,000 Plants, 
 " and not to exceed, I have been trying to get ground for 
 " the additional work, but hitherto have not got pofleffion 
 '* of it : fo many hindrances come in the way. Notwith- 
 " {landing, I (hall do every thing in my power to bring the 
 *' Undertaking to perfeftion. The Labour is great ; befides 
 " I am at much private expence on that fcore, which I cannot 
 •' well charge to The Company. 
 
 *' I ftill go on with my Botanical Labours, I conftantly 
 *' keep two Draught/men drawing and colouring Plants, Sec 
 " I have now between 4 or 500 Drawings of Plants alone. 
 " Since my return from Madrafs I have found a fpecies of 
 " Nerium which yields very excellent Indigo; it is a pretty 
 •' large fhrub, and grows wild, in the utmoft abundance, up 
 " amongft the Mountains, I cannot well fend you a fample cf 
 " it by this conveyance (an Imperial Ship for OJlc/id) but 
 
 11 
 
 <c 
 
 Wl 
 
 I (hall iiilert this Letter hereafter. J2)
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 2, 
 
 J 
 
 " will fend you fome, by the firft of our fliips that fails from 
 *' Mairajs, the greateft quantities of this Indigo may be had 
 *' at a trifling expence, as the Shrub grows abundantly wild. 
 
 " Some years ago I fent home a fmall quantity of Caducay 
 *' Galls, they appeared by my experiments to be a ftronger 
 •' aftringent than Akppo Galls ; befides the beft yellow (he of 
 *' this Coajl is prepared from them : I imagine they might 
 *• become a beneficial Article of The Company's Commerce. 
 
 " Our Rai/js began this year in June, ever fince the weather 
 " has been cool and pleafant. Thermometer without doors, 
 " keeping conftantly between 76? and 90? Barometer tgl to 
 1' z^i. There fell by my Rain-Gage, which is a Tin Cylinder^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Inches 
 
 I2ths 
 
 *' In June 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 * 
 
 6. 
 
 
 
 •' July 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 6. 
 
 10 
 
 « Auguft : 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 21. 
 
 I 
 
 " September 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 • 
 
 I. 
 
 4 
 
 *' From ill to 
 
 1 0th Oclober 
 
 3- 
 
 8 
 
 38. II 
 
 *' Lafi: year was reckoned remarkably zvet, 69 Inches fell during 
 " the whole year, intermitting fevers prevailed much towards 
 *' the end of the Seafon, no doubt caufed by the uncommonly 
 ** great humidity of the Air. This Seafon has hitherto been 
 " healthy, except to thofe who have been obliged to be on 
 " duty up amongft the JAlls, in the Ganjam and Vizagapatani 
 *' diftridls; what a pity that ever European Officers fliould be 
 " employed on fuch a diflreffing dangerous Service. A cure 
 *' for the Hill-Fever is vot knozvn to the Natives^ I have made 
 'FT T AXFnTr<^ " every poffible enquiry, but in vain. Bark, Camphire, Snake- 
 [[ Rco: and Pf^ne -are what I have found of moft ufe. If we 
 24 " could
 
 24 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " could fell on fome mode, to clear away the immenfc "Jungle, 
 " that covers ahnofl; the whole of the Hilh and ValVies, up 
 " amongft the Mountains, we would not only gain large Tracts 
 " of as fertile Land as any in India, but alfo remove the caufe 
 " of that dreadful diforder, the Hill-Fever, and render the 
 '* Polygars more obedient; for while they have their ce/'/i and 
 " alrtiojl inpenetrable ForreJIs to hide in, they will be their own 
 *' Mafters : many valuable lives have been loft in endeavouring 
 " to bring them to obedience, but all in vain, and will ever 
 " be fo 'till the Country is cleared. During the Land f Poinds, 
 *" the Jungle could eafily be burnt, the Hill People themfelves, 
 " dui-ing that period, burn large Tra5ts of it to cultivate, but 
 ** the head Polygar takes care that they never take more than 
 " a Crop or two from the fame place, they muft then leave the 
 " cleared ground to Nature, to replenilh with its original 
 " Cloathing." 
 
 By the Houghton, zift January, 1791, I received a Letter 
 from Dr. Roxburgh, dated at Samul Cotah, 17th July, 1790, 
 in which he informs me : 
 
 " Government has never yet tranfmitted to me any Paragraph 
 of the General Letter from the Dire<ftors, regarding the 
 Pepper Plantations. » 
 
 " Soon 
 
 * The tollowing is Paragraph ot The General Letter iVom The Court 
 of Directors to J/a</ji7/}, dated z^d April 17S9. 
 
 *' In our Letter of the 3ifl: July 1787 we approved of the meafures Yo* 
 " had taken to affift Dr. Roxburgh in the cultivation of Ciffce and of the 
 " Pepper-plant ip the RajabmunJry Circar ; but for want of information, &c, 
 " we could not deciile how far it was a meafiire meriting our furrher En- 
 " couragement. Having fincc received this intormation, and likewlfe the 
 " moft favourable accounts of the Succefs of the Undcrt-kinir, we now order 
 AUSCELLAKEOUS. " -^^ direilt that You affurd Dr. Roxburgh t\txy encourageinen; and airuiance 
 ■" in your power, in the cultivation of fuch ufeful Articles of oui- Comiuerce, 
 24 •' particularly that of Pepper."
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTCY. 25 
 
 " Soon afterthedaeof my laflLetterto You,[iothO'5b. 17S9] 
 Government ordered me not to extend thofe Plantations ary 
 further, fo they remain as before : This year I have about 
 100,000 fi'.perfi'.ous Plnnts, which I mnfl: throw away to clear 
 the Plantations. The Zemindars, fince they beg.in to be convinced 
 the Pepper-Vine would thrive, have done all they well can to 
 impede me, in my labours ; and to that, I impute the want of 
 Encouragement and AfTiftance from MafuVipatam,. notwithtlanding 
 I have brought this Species of Culture to fiich a pitch of 
 perfection, as muft convince every perfon, that the Pepper-Vine 
 will thrive as well, on this Coaft, as in any part of India ; how 
 they will produce is ftill undetermined, but, from every ap- 
 pearance, I have reaibn to think, they will be as produdive as 
 they are luxuriant, fome of the mod forward Plants bore laft 
 year, but dropped before it came to maturity. ^ " 
 
 Dr. Roxburgh enclofes in his Letter fomc papers to invalidate 
 the falfe afpcrfion of a Black Agent from Mofuhpatam, who 
 had reported, thatinftead of between 40, and 50,000 Pepper Plants 
 that he had not above 1500. The fame Black Agent had 
 alledged, that, oviXhzMalaharCoaji^ The Pepper Plants ^volIwcq 
 in five Months after planting, and yield 30 lb. of Pepper each 
 Vine W annum. So much Ignorance, or Impudence, cannot 
 merit attention. 
 
 Dr. RoxhargJj 
 
 :llaneous. 
 
 25 
 
 ' In a let! tr to Dr. Roxhirgb from Dr. A. Ai!<^erfi»i in the Trcvancort Counhy, 
 he fays, "The Touiig Trees, unlcfs the Seafons are very lavouiable, 
 " are obferved to lo'e the firft year a great many Flowers wiihout proiiucino- 
 " Gcimen, and it l-kewife happens to Old Trees when the Sea/ons are ,fry."
 
 26 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Dr. Roxburgh adds, *' You will judge, the encouragement: 
 I have met with, and the reward for fo much unremitting labour, 
 as I have had with this Work. Had it not been for the 
 encouragement You gave me in one of your Letters, I 
 fhould ceitainly have given up the Undertaking before this 
 time." 
 
 Dr. Roxburgh further adds, " In my lafl I mentioned my 
 defire of being able to procure fome Cinnamon Plants, this 
 point I have cffefted. I have fix very fine fmall tices, more I 
 cxpcfi; daily; the/.v I have made PkW/V P?v)/'f;-Ay of. 
 
 " I have been able to raife fome thoufand plants of the 
 Siifpan (Vuod 'Tree, which is a valuable article of Commerce, 
 and was always imported from the Eaftward. Alfo a very large 
 number of Plants of the Annatta-Tree, teak, &c. all at my 
 own expence ; could you prevail on the Directors to eftablifh 
 a Botanical Garden up here, upon a fmall (limited, if they think 
 proper) Scale, it would be a means of bringing into their 
 Territories many very valuable vegetable produdlions. I do 
 as much as my finances will permit, fliould my labours be fuc- 
 ccfsful, the Direftors will probably reimburfe me, if not, I 
 have the fatisfaftion to think, that my money could not be better 
 laid out, than for the Benefit of Mankind in general. 
 
 " My new Indigo plant, or rather tree, promrfes well ; by 
 this conveyance, the Houghton, I fend to the Dircftors a 
 drazving and defcription of it, with a fample of the Indigo ci.at 
 I have extradled from its leaves ; fome of the Indigo I have 
 MISCELLANEOUS, fcnt to Bengal, where it is well thought of, a copy of a para- 
 graph 
 
 26 
 
 gf
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 27 
 
 graph of a letter from Col. Kyd on tliat fubjecl, I take the 
 liberty to cnclofe you. ^ 
 
 *' I have lately got an additional fupply o^ Bread Fruit plants ; 
 in January I hope to be able to difpatch fome more to 
 St. Helena, laft year I fent one very fine young Tree, which I 
 recommended to be left at St. Helena to gain ftrength ; that 
 Ifland is a good half-way houfe for rare Plants. 
 
 •* The introduction of the Sago Pal»i feems to me a mod 
 defirable objccl, they would be a great refource for the Natives 
 in times of fcarcity, and at other times an objeifl of Commerce; 
 in the Travancore Country, the poor live almoft entirely on it. 
 I have lately procured fome of the feed, but as yet it has not 
 vegetated ; had there been a few thoufands of them round 
 Madras during laft War with Hyder Ally, they would have 
 been the means of faving many lives, a bound-hedge might be 
 made of them, every hedge, avenue, &c. in the environs of 
 Madras, and elfewhere, might be filled with them ; for thefe 
 
 purpofes. 
 
 • Colonel AW in this letter, dated Calcutta 2 2d June 1790, tells Dr. Roxiurgl', 
 that both He and Mr. Harris " are of opinion that your new Heriu/n 
 •' Inaigo poflefles the qualities of the heft Indigo, and falls to be ranked (if not 
 " equal in value to the firft) to the fecondary fpecies which has yet been 
 *' produced in Bengal." 
 
 He adds " Of the /Jc^ of this Plant which you fent me, fome has already 
 *' been diiTemin .ted amongfl the ColleHon of the Provinces of our Wejlerrt 
 " Frontier, befides many hundreds now rifing, in The Company's Garden, in the 
 " moft promifnig manner; fo that we fliall be able to avail ourfelves immedi- 
 'CELLANEOUS. *' ately of this additional valuiblc refource, by a general diiliibution, in the 
 " couifc of the prcfent feafon, to the ManufaHartrs of Indigo throughout the 
 27 ^« Provinces, *
 
 28 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 purpofes, feeds and plants might be eafily procured from the 
 'travancore country. 
 
 " They would, no doubt, thrive better in the Clrcars, but the 
 grand objecl is, to have them in plenty, clofe to Madras in 
 particular ; up here every fpecies of vegetation is much more 
 hixuriant than in the Carnatic, we have here Jix months of 
 (l:)Ozvery weather in the Year, there fcarce trco, for that reafon 
 a Botanical Garden ought to be eftabliflied in the Circars in 
 preference to the Carnatic. 
 
 " Dr. Andcrfon fent me a flip or two of his Kew Opuntia, 
 font out by the Direftors, they grow with me aftonifliingly, I 
 could, if ncccflary, form a pretty large plantation of them 
 already. 
 
 " I \\-\ve. ftlk-worm eggs coming from Bengal, it is adonifli- 
 ing that they Ibould never have been tried in the Circars, where 
 the mulberry grows with the greateft eafe from cutting:s, and 
 moft luxuriantly ; rearing them would create employment for 
 many poor helplefs women and children, who are in thoufands 
 ftarving, for want of fucli employment as they are able for; 
 but what can the labours of an individual do without fupport, 
 and here I have fcarce any to hope for." 
 
 " P. S. Since writing the above I have got two very fine 
 Nutmeg plants, andjfcr more Ci/inamon plants." 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 48 Account
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 29 
 
 " Account of the l^umher of Prop-Trees and Pepper-Fines in 
 The Company's Pepper-Plantations, in the Zemindarys of Peddapore 
 and Pettapore, alfo of the Land they occupy, and its vahie 
 f annum : taken at the end of the year 1789. 
 
 ifourPlantaiions under the Ullages 
 Jrwaila, Iriva and Mallum, in the V i 
 ■minJary of Pettapore, contain J 
 
 ; Plantation at Samul Cotah in the 
 Tie ZeminJary, contains 
 . lu the laft mentioned Plantation, " 
 fome Land, fo bad as to be uiifit 
 ■ this culture, it is therefore kept 
 grafs for the Buffaloes, employed 
 nwing luater, &c. the quantity 
 ly be about . . , 
 
 e Plantation under the Fillage of 
 
 Number 
 
 of 
 Prop-Trees 
 
 1,400 
 
 4,6So 
 
 > 
 
 
 ingotoor, in the ZeminJary of > 7)200 
 dJaporc, contains 
 
 J 
 
 Total 
 
 2V. 
 
 280 
 
 Number 
 
 of 
 
 P eppcr-Vines 
 
 22,800 
 
 9,360 
 
 14,400 
 
 46,^60 
 
 Land i Value of the LandlM. Pag' 
 
 = c 
 > 
 
 annum. 
 
 10 
 
 ^3 
 
 423 
 
 2 16; 
 
 624 
 
 2424 
 
 itsM.P'^viflum 
 
 D? 
 
 at 2 D? a^' vifllmi. 
 
 .it^M.P'.IP'viffum 
 
 S3 
 
 23 
 
 33 
 
 Fan' 
 
 V- 
 
 3* 
 
 Ca(h 
 
 2 o 
 
 40 
 
 M ad. Pag-.l 116 I lo 
 
 20 
 
 20 
 
 " The Land has been repeatedly valued by different Cidti- 
 vators, they dlfagrcc; from 4 to 6 Madrafs Pagodas ^ Fijfufn, 
 runs their valuation ; the Medium 5 will be near the Truth. 
 
 " There are /rc'o Pepper-Fines, in general, to each prop-tree ; 
 
 The Prop-trees are 6 cubits afunder, but as they are planted in 
 
 quincunx order, the rozis arc little more than j; ; however 6 is 
 
 ISCELLJNEOUS. reckoned in the above flatcmenr. 
 
 29 
 
 .11 
 K 
 
 The
 
 30 ORIENTAL REPEPvTORY. 
 
 '* The Fifum of Land is a Hituho * Meafure containing 3 1 \ 
 fquarc Countas, the Counta is 32 fquare cubits, fo that the 
 Fijfum is not quite /zt'o ^f;vi, 
 
 *' A quarter of the above Plants are about /rt'o jrjrj planted 
 out from their nurferies, another quarter from one to one and a 
 half year, and the o//;<;>- half are from /tco to twelve months; 
 befides the above, there are about as many more young vines in 
 the Nurferies. 
 
 " Auguft 1790. Since the above Account was taken, there 
 has been, 'till laft month, a continuance of dry hot zveather^ 
 zvithout one jloower, not with (landing, mofl of the Pepper -Vines 
 have throve well, except fuch as were planted on a red barren 
 clay, or fand, there mod have peridied : however the lofs is made 
 up for, by another Plantation in a better foil. 
 
 " Alfo, fince taking the above Account, I have had reafon 
 to think the Land over-rated at 5 Madrafs Pagodas ^ Fijfum , 
 Mr. Maxwell, who was a Member of the Committee of Circuit, 
 and who is well acquainted with the value of Land in the 
 Circars, has examined the Plantations, and He alfo thinks that 
 thefe Lands are greatly over-valued. By the original valuation, 
 5 Madrafs Pagodas ^ Fijfum, it comes to 24 Ihillings ^ Acre" 
 
 Method 
 
 MISCELLu4XE0US. ' Original, Gentoo, which is the common appellation at MaJrafs, obvionfly 
 adopted, oiiginally, from the Poiii'gaife, and corrupted by E'lgHJ}} \noao\in- 
 30 ciatioii. ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 31 
 
 Method of plant ing, and cultivating, tie Pepper- Vines,^/ Tellicheriy, 
 on the Malabar Coaft, enehjed in a Letter, to Fort Maribrough, 
 *' from the Chief and Council, dated nth June, 1776. 
 
 The Pepper -Vine fhould be planted in a low firm 
 ground. 
 
 In the beginning of the month of June when the rain 
 falls inceffamly, at the foot of a Jack, Mango, Cajou, Muricu* 
 or any other Tree, whofe Bark is rough, or prickly, dig a hole 
 one foot deep, the breadth and length 6 inches, into this hole, 
 put a piece, taken from the extremity of one of the branches, of 
 a Peppcr-Vinc, then fill it up with earth, taking care no water 
 is therein, and that none may remain after planting ; in the 
 month of July the Roots will extend themfelves in the ground, 
 and the fprouts will appear on the furfacc, when they are to be 
 lied to a Tree, and a circular bank of earth thrown up round 
 them, that they may enjoy the moiilnefs of the water, which re- 
 mains on the ground, and thereby kept from being inflamed by 
 the Heats, which fubfift from the month of July till October ; 
 when the Rains are over, cover the root of the Vine with frefli 
 leaves, it matters not from what Tree, fo they have the quality 
 of cooling : if the ground is too dry, water the fame, morning 
 and evening, but if it is entirely cool, twice in eight days is 
 fufficient ; Then plant 5 or 6 fprigs at the foot of the fame Tree, 
 taking particular care they in no ways touch one another. 
 
 Ten days after the Rains are fet in, remove the leaves that 
 cover the root of the Vine, pull up the grafs that may have 
 grown near them, and demolifh the circular bank of earth, made 
 to contain the water, that none may remain at the foot of the 
 
 ■CELIANEOUS. ^^^^'' 
 
 31 
 
 * The fame Tree iifed in Dr. Roxburgh's Pcpper-PLintations. J2)
 
 32 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 o 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 tree ; in the month of Auguft repeat the fame : The Vines 
 are to be cheriftied in this manner for 3 years. 
 
 It muft be obferved, that the foot of the Vines fliould be 
 covered every year, in the manner before mentioned. 
 
 If the Vine is once fmothered by the heat, it will begin 
 to languilh and produce no fruit, fo it is neceflary to follow 
 the above inftruflions. 
 
 The leaves ought likewife to be removed in the month of 
 June, to prevent the white Ant from eating the root of the 
 Vine, thofe Vermin being much given to cat the leaves, which 
 the rain draws into the ground, and thereby come to the 
 roots of the Vine, which th?y prey upon likewi(e. 
 
 Obferve alfo, that the Vine is not too much affecled by the 
 heat of the Sun, on account of the proximity of the water. 
 
 Thefe Pepper-Vines ought not to be planted at the foot 
 of Trees whofe Bark is fmooth, as they will in confequence 
 fall to the ground ; therefore always make choice of thofe 
 that are rough, and prickly. 
 
 I'he Manner of Planting the P.eppcr-Vine in the month of February, 
 zuhere the ground is lozv and firm. 
 
 Having made a hole 10 inches from the Tree, the depth 
 thereof being i; inches, the length and breadth 12 inches 
 each, take feven branches from the extremity of the Vine, 
 
 cut
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 53 
 
 cut them 30 inches long, and put them into the hole; then 
 fill it, I with earth, and the remainder with frefti leaves; 
 obferving to put water thereon, morning and evening, 'till 
 the commencement of the Rains, when fill the hole with 
 earth, and throw up the bank as before directed. 
 
 The time for planting thofe Vines, in the rainy feafon, is 
 in the month of June, and the month of February In the 
 dry feafon; if they are planted at any other time they will 
 bear no fruit ; the reafon is, that they will extend their roots 
 in the ground at thefc times, and no other, and therefore 
 ' particular care ought to be taken of them, as before direQed. 
 
 Trees, planted for the fupport of Pepper- Vines, ought to be 
 15 or 16 feet afunder, if clofer, the branches will fhade the 
 Vines from the Sun; as they ought to receive a moderate 
 heat. 
 
 Manner of planting th Pepper-Vine in higher Jituation and jinn 
 
 ground. 
 
 Make a fquare hole of 15 inches, the fame diftance from the 
 Tree, take 10 branches from the extremity of the Vine, of 7 
 inches length each, put them into the hole at a certain diRance, 
 filling it with earth, and treating them as before direded. In a 
 high Place, the Trees, planted for the fupport of Pepper-Vines, 
 ought not to be more than 13 feet diftant on account of the 
 heat. Two years after they are planted, it is neceflary to throw 
 up a fquare Bank of Earth round every 5 Plants, that the rain- 
 MISCELLJXEOUS. water may- foak in, and nourilh the roots; if this is omitted 
 
 L durinsc 
 
 2S
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 34 
 
 54 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 during the rains, the Vine will not fubfifl during the dry feafon^ 
 on account of the heat. 
 
 This Square is to be repaired every three years, by which 
 nieans the Vine will live a long time, and produce plenty of 
 Pepper ; it ought to be done during the Rains, in the month 
 of July, for, at that time, fliould the fpade happen to touch the 
 root, it will be of no inconvenience, but Ihould it do fo, at any 
 other time, the Vine will certainly die. 
 
 ^ke Manner of planting Pepper-Fines in a very high Ground. 
 
 Make a fquare hole 2I feet deep, at the fame diftance from 
 the Tree, take 12 flips from the extremity of one of the Vines, 
 2 feet 9 inches long, put them into the hole at a certain 
 diftance, and cover them as before diredted, throwing up the 
 fquare Bank. It is neceflary to plant thofe Vines at the time 
 before mentioned. The reafon for making the hole deeper, is 
 on account of the great heats which prevail in high places, 
 and prevents the Vine from dying. 
 
 Vines, planted in a ftony foil, will not produce any fruit,, 
 becaufe the Roots cannot extend themfelves with facility. 
 
 A fandy foil is equally prejudicial to them, becaufe it is 
 naturally hot, and the heat of the Sun penetrates with more • 
 facility than in any other Ground, confequently the Vines are 
 rot able to refift, though watered three or four times in a 
 day. 
 
 You
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 oi 
 
 You may plant Vines in a place where frefli water commu- 
 nicates itfelf, in the fame manner as in Ground entirely low 
 and firm, but I doubt very much if they will produce Pepper ; 
 if they really yield any, I am certain the Grapes will be of 
 no great account, becaufe of the continual m.oifture the Plant 
 will receive. I have already remarked, it is abfolutely neceffary, 
 that thofe Vines enjoy an eqyal degree of heat and moifture^ if 
 you think of gathering a good Crop. 
 
 Manner of planting tie Pepper Grain. 
 
 Take ripe Pepper and put it into water for 3 days, at the 
 end of which take off the fkin, and after you have mixed good 
 red earth, with cow-dung and water, pur the Pepper into it, 
 expofing the fame to the Sun for 3 days, only early in the 
 morning and in the evening ; it is neceffary this mixture be- 
 neither too thick or thin. After this, plant the fame in an 
 earthen pot, every grain at a certain diftance, taking care to 
 water them every day, with a waterpot, until the ftalk has 4 
 leaves ; then dig a hole, at a foot of a tree, 2 feet deep and 
 9 inches long and broad, take cow dung and afhes of all forts 
 of firewood, put it in the hole, and mix the fame with the 
 ground dug out of it, taking care to fill it in fuch a manner 
 that there only remains 5 inches of elevation; 15 days after, 
 plant 4 Pepper-Vines in every hole, cover them with earth 
 2 inches deep, during the fummer water them every day, 
 morning and evening, and cover them during the rains, like- 
 wife take care no water remains at their feet, by covering theni 
 with earth, as they ought to be, as foon as the rains are over, 
 throw up a circular bank of earth round them, to contain the 
 
 ELLA^EOUS ^^'^'^^'' ^'^^^ ^"^^ watered with; in this manner they muff be 
 
 nouriQied for 3 years, in the 4th }ear they will begin to give 
 
 35 fruit.
 
 36 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 fruit. Thcfc Inftrudions are to be followed every year, thcfe 
 Pepper Plants are planted either in high or low ground, but ic 
 is necelfary it be very firm. 
 
 Mitnner of planting Pepper-Vines in a Place where Salt IVatcr is. 
 
 After having made a hole, 13 inches fquare, at the foot of a 
 tree, fill the fame half up with good red-earth, without mixing " 
 it in the lead with the fait water, then plant therein 10 flips of 
 thofe Vines, at a certain diftance, and. cover the fame with good 
 red-earth ; when the rains are over, throw again red-earth at 
 their feet, and make a circular Bank round them, to form a 
 confcrvatory, for watering them every other day, taking parti- 
 cular care to cover the feet of the branches with frelli leaves : 
 in the beginning of the Rains fill the confcrvatory, and take 
 away the leaves, obferving to pull up the grafs, that fprouts at 
 their feet, covering them with red-earth, at the fame time 
 fpreading fome round about; they arc to be nouriflicd every 
 year, as is pointed out at the beginning of thefe Inftructions. 
 
 ^cUichcrry, wlhjunc, 1776. 
 
 (Signed) M. FIRTH, Sec. 
 
 ILLANEOUS. 
 ?6 
 
 Copy
 
 J 
 
 ORIENTAL REPEP.TORY. 37 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Dr. A. Anderfon to Dr. William Roxburgh. 
 
 Paroor, 26th Auguft, 17S9. 
 
 WOULD have done myfelf the pleafure of anfwering your 
 Letter of tlie ift Inftant before now, but I wiflicd to get infor- 
 mation, that I could depend on, regarding the cultivation of 
 Pepper ; and it requires fome time to come to the truth, in a 
 Country where we and our fervants are not familiar v.ith its 
 language. The Climate of this Coaft differs very much from 
 that of Corotnandel, and in my opinion accounts for the culti- 
 vation of Pepper being attended with fo little trouble ; it is a 
 plant that requires much water, and the inceffant heavy rains 
 that fall here from the month of May to Oclober juil fuits it ; 
 vegetation, in confequence, is more luxurious than I have feen, 
 particularly of large trees, and indeed the whole Country appears 
 as an immenfe forcfl, from the fummits of the hills to within 
 fifty yards of the fea. The Pepper is planted at the commence- 
 ment of the rains, in the latter end of May, or beginning of 
 June, according to the appearance of a ftar ; the top of the 
 branches, or thofe that run along the ground, at the bottom of 
 the tree, are equally fit for raifing new plants; flips are generally 
 about a cubit in length, one half of which is put in the ground, 
 and the other half towards the tree on which it is to climb ; no 
 manure is ufed, and care is only taken of it, till two or three 
 leaves are produced, afterwards no attention is paid to it. The 
 tree in general bears fruit in the fourth year, but if the foil is 
 very good, and the feafons favourable, it often appears in the 
 third. I have not been able to afcertain the exact number of 
 years the tree continues to give fruit, but the general idea 
 appears to be, the term of a man's life. The flowers appear in 
 the month of June, and the berry is ripe in December; it is cut 
 down when the berry becomes of a blood red colour, and dried 
 in the fun for five or fix days, it is then winnowed and forted 
 for the different Markets, the heavy being intended for the 
 European, and the light for the Indian cont'umption. The 
 white Pepper is prepared by bruifmg the berry with the feet, fo 
 as to take off the external ikin, and waflied with water, it is 
 TR ir/lKCORF afterwards dried in the fun as the black. The young trees, 
 unlefs the feafons are very favourable, obferved to lofe the firll: 
 I M year 

 
 38 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 year a great many flowers without producing germen, and it 
 likewife happens to old trees, when the feafons are dry. The 
 trees that the natives think mofl proper for the Pepper to climb 
 on, are the Mango, Jack, and Cotton, the former of which is 
 laid to be the beft ; they do not fecm to think that fliade is of 
 fo much confequcnce, but they fay the tree mvifl have a foft 
 and fweet bark. There is a great difference in the produce of 
 trees, both in quantity and quality, in different foils, the trees 
 towards the hills, produce, at leafl:, fourfold to thofe near the fea ; 
 the foil that I have feen, about lo miles from the Coafl is a 
 reddifli clay, or red gravelly earth, that towaids the fea a dead 
 fand. They depend much on the rains, that fall in the beginning 
 of June, for a Pepper crop, and if it happens that there is little 
 rain in the month of April and May following, the great many 
 young trees in general fuffer, but the old ones are never m 
 danger. The Pepper towards TelUcherry is faid to be fuperior 
 to that of 'Trat-ancore, and the trees are more produdive, pro- 
 bably owing to the foil, and its Northerly fituation. Every man 
 in this Country underftands the cultivation of Pepper, but the 
 difficulty is in getting one to quit his native foil ; I have been 
 iifing my endeavours without effed. 
 
 V/e have found, at Cochin, a great many Bread-fruit trees; 
 growing moft luxuriantly, it is called, by the Dutch, Maldiviny 
 Jack, the fruit is equal to the firjl fort of yam. Coffee is 
 produced in fmall quantities, but is of a very inferior quality. 
 The Caffia lignea grows to an immenfe foreft-trec, all over this 
 Coaft, it is of no value here, and is frequently cut down 
 for firewood. I have not been able to learn if there are 
 any Cimiamon trees ; 1 have obferved two or three fpecies 
 of Palm, which I never faw on your Coaft ; nettles, lemon- 
 grafs, cedar and hazle in abundance : one fpecies of the Palm, 
 called, by the natives, Beffen bittah, is a moft curious and ufeful 
 one, the keart, after beating it, produces a flour and grain fome- 
 thing \\V.efago, which conftitutes the greater part of the food, 
 of the poorer fort of people hereabouts, the natives fay, that it 
 bears only once fruit in twelve years, after which it dies. Wc 
 only want you to point out the immenfe riches with which 
 TRAVAVCORE. ^.^^^^^ h^^g ftocked the forefts. 
 
 2 A Botanical
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 3^ 
 
 A Botanical Description, and Draaving of A nez<f 
 Species of Nerium (Roje-Bay) with the Procefs for extracting, 
 from It's Leaves, a very beautiful Indigo. 
 
 Addrefled to The Honourable Court of Directors of the 
 East - India - Company 
 
 by 
 
 Their moft obedient humble Servant 
 Wm. ROXBURGH. 
 
 J- HIS is a middle-fized Tree, agreeing perfectly in //'/Botanical 
 Characlers, with the Nerium, of the Linn^an Sxjion; and, 
 from the quality of It's Leaves, I will call It Nerium 
 tinctorium, DTEPCS- ROSE -bat, for to me It feems a 
 tiezv Species, at leaft. It is not taken notice of, by the Great 
 Sir C. Limi^us, nor by His Son, in his laft Botanical Publication, 
 The Supplementum Plantarum, publifhed in 1781. It 
 comes neareft Nerium Antidyfentericum, the Tree which yields 
 the ConeJJi Bark, of our Materia Medica ; Codago Palo, of the 
 HoRTus Malabaricus, Pala Cadija of the Hindoos; They 
 are both Natives of the lower Region of thofe Mountains, which 
 bound the Rajahmundry Circar on the North fide, and 
 are fo much alike in moft refpeAs, the Ne^arium excepted, 
 that, without a perfeft knowledge of both, the one may be 
 miftaken for the other ; and I have no doubt but the Bark of 
 this new Nerium, might have been gathered and fold for Conefi 
 Bark ; to this fuppofed miftake of mine, I attribute the difrepute 
 which has fallen upon Coneffi Bark, for, with the Hindoos, it is 
 efteemed a Spccifc, in moft complaints of the Bowels, and I am 
 ■AL IIISTORI-. inclined to think it deferves a better name, than it has hitherto 
 acquired in EuRotE. 
 
 NERIUM
 
 40 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 NERIUM TINCTORIUM. 
 
 Trunk, very irregular in fliape, when very old, it is from 
 one and half, to fwo fed in diameter, but when of that 
 fize, it is full of large rotten cavities; Its height, to the 
 branches, when large, is from i o to 1 5 feet ; the Bark of 
 the old xvood is fcabrous, of the yauiigj pretty fmootb, and 
 ap-coloured. 
 
 Wood, remarkably white, clofe-grained, very beautiful, coming 
 near to Ivory in appearance. 
 
 Branches, irregularly difpofed, being bent in various 
 forms. 
 
 Ramuli, or fmall branches, oppofite. 
 
 Leaves, numerous, ftand oppofite, on (liort foot-ftalks, are 
 oval, pointed, pretty fmooth, entire, pale-green, when full 
 grown, from 5 to 8 inches long, and from 3 to 4 broad. 
 
 Stipils, none. 
 
 Flowers, about an inch and an hdf in diameter, when 
 expanded, perfedtly white, fragrant, and difpofed on lax 
 globular panicles, at the extremities of the Branches. 
 
 Bractea, a fmall oval one below each fubdivifion of the 
 Panicles. 
 
 Calyx, a perianihium below the germen, divided into fvt 
 NATURAL HISTORV. equal, femi-orbicular Segments, permanem. 
 
 2 Corolla,
 
 iL HISTORV. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 41 
 
 Corolla, confifts of one petal, tube fliort, the border large, 
 fplit into /:-(', oblique-linear, oblong, fpreading Segments. 
 
 Nectarium, ^ many ramous white filaments crowning the 
 Mouth of the Tube of the Corolla, 
 
 Stamina, five very fliort rigid filaments, inferted juft within 
 the Mouth of the Tube, and within thcNeclarium ; Anthers 
 arrov.'-fliaped ( fagittatse ) rigid, united to one another 
 laterally, forming a very firm conical cover for the Stigma, 
 their lower parts are covered with fine white hairs. 
 
 PiSTiLLUM, the gcrmens two, feemingly united; Stylus the 
 length of the Tube, Stigma double, covered with tranfparent 
 gluten, by which it adheres to the infide of the anthers. 
 
 Pericarpium, two very long (lender pendulous follicles, 
 united at both ends, fingly they are from 12 to 20 inches 
 long, and about as thick as a common Pencil, confiding 
 of one valve, which opens lengthways. 
 
 Seed, numerous, long, flender, and crowned with down, 
 like the feed of the common Thillle. 
 
 This Tree, as I obferved before, is a Native of the lower 
 region of the Mountains, diredly North from Cpringa, in the 
 Rajahmundry Circar ', it contains a mild milky juice, chiefly the 
 tender branches and young leaves, which flows out on being 
 wounded. (Nerium Antidyfentericum contains a fimilar juice.) 
 
 The 
 
 ■ la Nerium Antidyfenttricum, the Nc^arium is wanting. 
 
 N
 
 NATUR-dL IIISrOR}\ 
 
 42 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Natives make fcarcely any ufe of this tree, except for 
 fire-wood, and the more it is cut down, the more it CHcrcafes, 
 many Shoots ifTuing from the old flumps. Thefe, in one year, 
 acquire the height of 8 or 10 feet, and are thick in proportion; 
 It cafls its Leaves during the cold feafon, (perhaps it may not do 
 fo in a ftate of cultivation). About the beginning of the hot 
 feafon, March and April, the young leaves begin to make 
 their appearance, together with the flowers, by the end of 
 May, thofe that firft begun to be unfolded, will have attained 
 to their full fize ; about this time alfo, it ceafes flowering, 
 and the feed velTels are fully formed, but the feed are not 
 ripe till January or February. 
 
 The colour the leaves fometimes acquired, in drying for 
 my Hflfliis Jiccus, firft induced me to think, They were 
 pofleflcd of colouring matter, and the refuk of lome Experi- 
 ments, fully anfwered my Expeftations, although I have beea 
 often deceived by the fame appearances in the Leaves of 
 other Plants. 
 
 The method I took to extraft the Colour, was, by collefling, 
 promifcuoufly, the large and fmall leaves, while frefli; I put 
 them on the fire, in common unglazed earthen pots, with foft 
 well water, and, when fcalding hot, ftrained off the liquor, 
 which had acquired a deep green colour, with fomething of 
 the violet coloured fcum, that is obferved on the common 
 Indigo, not * towards the end of the fermentation; with little 
 agitation, this liquor began to granulate ; to promote the gra- 
 nulation as well as the precipitation, I tried various liquors, 
 I'iz. cold Infufion of Jamblong bark (Jambolifera fedmcidata 
 of Linnaus) which is what the H/,uioos ufe univerfally on 
 
 this 
 
 * So in the original. ? J3)
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 43 
 
 this part of the Coaft, to precipitate their Indigo; I alfo tried 
 Lime-water, a lixivium of vvood-alhes, a mixture of Lime- 
 water and lixivium of wood-adies, and alfo a ley, made of 
 equal parts of cauftic vegetable alkali and quick-lime; thefe 
 five I have repeatedly tried, and as often found that lime-water 
 and a lixivium of wood-afhes, mixed together, anfwered beft, 
 
 the fiecula was waflied, filtrated and dried, in the ufual 
 manner. 
 
 A fample of the Indigo accompanies this : I have no doubt 
 but a perfon /killed in the manufacture of Indigo, would by the 
 common procefs of fermentation, &c. extradl a much finer 
 colour from the leaves of this Tree, than the accompanying 
 Specimen; It is .almoft the firft Indigo of any fort that I ever 
 made, of courfe muft be imperfedl. 
 
 The quick and luxuriant growth of this Tree, in its native 
 foil, will be a great inducement to thofe who widi to cultivate 
 it, which can require little or no trouble, and the foil that it 
 is always found wild in, is the barrren dry rocky hills, and lower 
 region of mountains, which is totally unfit for every fort of 
 agriculture. The lower parts of the fleep rocky Mountains of 
 Siihit Helena, feem to be the very foil and fituation it delights in, 
 its fize and quick growth will render it valuable there, if ic 
 be only for firewood; with that view, 1 fent, in January and 
 February laft, a pretty large quantity of the feeds, to the Planter's 
 Society on that Ifland. 
 
 It may be fald that we are already in poffeflion of a fufficicnt 
 number of good blues, confequently, unneceffary to attend to 
 this new Indigo; to obviate this objedion, let me obferve, 
 '.^L Ji;S'xORr. ^^^^ ^^^^ common Indigo Plant is only to be brought to per- 
 fection, by nice, expenfive, and laborious culture, is liable to 
 5 many
 
 44 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 many accidents, from changes of weather, and other caufes, that 
 no human forefight can prevent : thcfe are well known facts to 
 every one tjjat cultivates Indigo to any extent; only laft year a 
 very confiderable manufacturer, in Bengtil, wrote me as follows 
 on the toth OAober : " The wet feafon has hurt my Indigo 
 " very much, it has not yielded one fourth proportion of 
 *' colour, fo that inftead of making near 300 Maund (24,ocolb.) 
 " as I cxpeded, I do not get above 80 Maund (6,40olb.)" 
 This Tree is not fubjeft to thefe inconveniences, behdes it 
 requires not the fmalleft care, is found in the greateft abun- 
 dance, growing wild, in the moft barren trails that can poflibly 
 be imagined, and, from what I have feen and learned from 
 the natives, it requires only to be cut down, once every year, to 
 make it produce a large fupply of young flioot;, with very 
 luxuriant leaves the following feafon ; befides, the colour that 
 this Indigo may give to cloth, &c. may be different from any 
 other hitherto known, confequently, may prove of confiderable 
 benefit to a commercial nation like Great Britain. 
 
 My experiments do not yet enable me to determine, with 
 precifion, the proportion of pure colouring-matter thefe leaves 
 yield, but have reafon to think, it will be about one in two 
 hundred, that is, two hundred pounds of the frefh leaves, 
 produce one pound of Indigo, which is rather more than the 
 leaves of the common Indigo Plant yield. 
 
 KATURAL HISTORl'. SUMMARY 
 
 6
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 45 
 
 Summary Account of the Weather, at Nagpore, 
 Lat. 21? 8/ 28." N. Long. 79? 24'. E. from Greenwich, 
 
 by 
 Lieut. J. S. EWART. 
 
 March, 1782. 
 
 22d. Strong North-Wefter, in the Evening, with fmall rain, 
 with a good deal of Thunder and Lightning. 
 Thermometer at Noon generally up at 94? or 93? 
 
 May. 
 
 26th. A ftrong Squall, from NW, with Thunder, Lightning 
 and heavy rain. 
 
 June. 
 
 1 2th. Cloudy Weather, and fome hard Rain, with Thunder 
 and Lightning. 
 
 1 3th. I D? Weather, with fmall Rain, Wind moftly from 
 14th. J NE. 
 
 2oth. D? . . hard Rain, Wind from NE Quarter, with 
 
 Thunder and Lightnino;. 
 23th. Dark, cloudy Weather, in the night much Rain, 
 
 Wind from the Weftward. 
 26th." 
 27 th. 
 2Sih. 
 
 Moftly hard Rain, Wind from Weftward. 
 Thermometer 76? Noon. 
 
 29th. 1 Fair Weather, Winds as yefterday. 
 ETEOROLCGi: 30th. J Thermometer 80? at Noon. 
 
 I. O July,
 
 46 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 July. 1782. 
 
 ift. Small Rain, Winds variable. 
 
 2d. D? D? 
 
 Clear Weather, with ftrong Wefterly Winds in the 
 mornings until the 
 14th. When we had fome Rain. 
 
 Thermometer generally at Noon 88? or 90? 
 Rainy and cloudy Weather till the 
 23d. Thermometer 78? and 80? at each Noon. 
 
 D? D? until the end of the month. 
 
 Augufl. 
 
 Unpleafant Weather till the 
 loth. Thermometer 75? and 80? 
 
 Some flying fhowers the end of the month; 
 
 September. 
 
 Little or no Rain, all the month, and moftly a clear 
 ferene fky. 
 Thermometer at Noon generally about 80? 
 
 Odlobcr. 
 
 7th, Had a very fevcre Squall of Rain from the Weftward, 
 \*ith fome Thunder. 
 
 8th. Cloudy. Thermometer down to 65? 
 
 9th. Clear. D? . . up ro 78. 
 
 10th. D? . D? . . . 75. 
 
 12th. D? : D? at 7 AM. 66. 
 ilLTEOROLOGr. ^^^^ ^^^^^ Weather all the remainder of the month. 
 
 • November.
 
 rEOROLocr. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 47 
 
 Ncsvember 178a. 
 5th. Pleafant clear Weather, the Evenings and Mornings 
 pretty Iharp, at which time the Thermometer 4? above 
 temperate, and at Noon 86? 
 The Weather, throughout the remainder of the month, very 
 pleafant, and the mornings and evenings pretty fliarp. 
 The Thermometer down fometimes to 61? and at 
 Noon generally up to 84? or 85? 
 
 December. 
 From the id to the 5th Cloudy Weather, the evenings 
 remarkably warm. The Mercury in the Thermometer 
 up to 77? 
 
 January 1783. 
 Pleafant clear Weather, all throughout, the latter part the 
 ground very dry, and much in want of rain, for the 
 grain, which is moftly blighted. 
 
 February. 
 Clear pleafant Weather all the month. The Winds moflly 
 Wefterly, and fome days blowing very frefli and hot 
 withall. In the latter end of the month all the grain 
 cut and taken off the ground. 
 
 March. 
 7tli. Cloudy Weather, in the evening fqually with Thunder, 
 Lightning and fome Rain, Wind from the SWeftward. 
 20tb. Very hot Weather, with Winds moftly Wefl-erly in the 
 afternoons, but in the morning moftly fiom the 
 Eaftward. Thermometer at Noon 107? 
 31ft. D? Winds and Weather. Thermometer 106? 
 The night very pleafant. 
 April. 
 Strong Wefterly Winds, very hot with clear Weather. 
 
 May
 
 48 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 May, 1783. 
 
 Strong Wefterly Winds, very hot with clear Weather, 
 
 until the 
 
 20th. Cloudy Weather, fome Thunder, Lightning, and fmall 
 
 ihowers of Rain at intervals, -» 
 , ^o -no I Thermom. generally up 
 
 26rli. D? . . . . D? . . J 
 30th. D? .... D? Threatening /ky all round. 
 
 June, 
 id. 2d. and 3d, Cloudy Weather, with variable Winds, 
 ych. Squalls from all round the Compafs. 
 Fair Weather, until the 
 i/th. When there was heavy Rain for feveral days — then fair, ' 
 to the latter end of the month. 
 July. 
 The ] ft part of the month. Weather unfettled, middle clear 
 and pleafant, latter heavy rain. 
 
 Thermometer, in the clear Weather, high, but down at 
 Summer heat, in the rainy days. 
 Auguft. 
 From the ifl: pleafant clear Weather, to the 
 10th. Squally rainy Weather, until 
 1 6th. And fair Weather all the month. Winds modly Wefterly. 
 
 September. 
 Clear pleafant Weather, throughout the whole month.. 
 
 NB. A great want of R;un, the grain being almofl 
 fcorched up. 
 
 Oi\ober. 
 
 From the ill to the 
 
 7rh. Mofdy. Eafterly winds, with many flying clouds and 
 iome rain, the mornings beginning to be a little cold 
 about daybreak. 
 METFOROL^cy ^'^'^' ' ^ fcvere_ f<|uall of Wind, and very heavy Rajn from 
 
 3 PM to Sunfet. 
 4 A GENTLEMAN
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 49 
 
 J\ GENTLEMAN, who had long refided in India, having 
 queftioned the allegation, that fome of the Hindoos eat animal 
 food, I wrote amongft others to my Friend" Mr. Rujfell, then ac 
 Vizagapatam, flating the matter in queftion, without influencing 
 his judgment by any expofition of my own, "or any other perfon's, 
 opinion, but only rcquefting he would be as explicit as he 
 could on the fubjecl ; He was (o obliging to make the Enquiry 
 dcfired, and obtained the following Lijh; which I give without 
 any alteration. 
 
 Lift of the Cafts that do not eat Animal Food. 
 Gentoo Brahmineys. 
 Guzerat Ditto. 
 Arra or Maharatta Ditto 
 Kannojee or Lallah Ditto. 
 Gavoorah Baniarts. 
 Guzerat Ditto. 
 
 Dava Tellukelavanloo . Gengerly Oil People. 
 
 Putfauleeloo . . . Spinners of Fine Thread for 
 
 Stockings. 
 
 Five String-s, fuch as are called 
 Seelamuntuloo. 
 
 Davanguloo 
 
 * I am indebted to Mr. Maxtone for the following information. 
 
 " Thefe Five Cafts do not hum their Dead; but lury them, confequently when 
 
 " a Vf'ife of either of thefe _/fi'c Caf.s wiflies to fo'.low h&r dccea/cJ hujbanii, (lie 
 
 " cannot burn, as is the cuftom amongft moft of the other Cafts ; the ufage 
 
 " therefore with them, on fuch occafions, is, to ereifl, upon very flenderfupporters, 
 
 " ;i kind of large Bafket, which is filled with fand, or earth, fo that it may be of 
 
 " confiderable weight, when this is prepared, which is done at the place of Inter- 
 
 " ment, the fetf -devoted W^dow goes under this weight of land, ani ftanJj 
 
 " uprijht, holding a Coconut under her chin ; flie then gives a fignal of her being 
 
 " ready, immediately upon which fome of her friends, or thofe ftanding around, 
 
 " inftanily cut away the fupporters of the Balket of Sand, which of courfc fa. Is 
 
 'te INDLINS. " dircrtly on the Woman's head, diflocatcs her neck, and never fails, I under- 
 
 " ftand, of inJIaniiinceuJJy putun^ an end to her exlilcncc : flie is then interred 
 
 I P " with 
 
 Gold Smiths 
 
 " 
 
 Iron 
 
 Ditto 
 
 
 Brafs 
 
 Ditto 
 
 V 
 
 Carpe 
 
 nters 
 
 1 
 
 Stone 
 
 Cutters 

 
 s«> 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Davanguloo |f^'chasare called?^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^j^ kinds of Cloth. 
 
 Saulevanloo J Seelamuntuloo. J 
 
 Linga Baljeeloo . . Makers of the Glafs Joys for 
 
 Women's Arms. 
 Vepravenodiiloo . . Beggars, but from Brahmins only. 
 
 Jungumvanloo. Scelamuntooloo. Priefts to fome of the Sooderloo 
 
 or 4th Caft. 
 
 Lijl of the Cajls that eat Animal Food. 
 
 Woriar Brahmineys 
 Pundah Brahmineys 
 
 Rajahs. 
 
 Calinga Banians 
 Tellagas or Gentoos 
 Wadceloo . 
 
 Kammavauroo . 
 Valamaloo 
 Batraujuloo 
 
 Totadevalamaloo 
 Mooterachevauroo 
 Moorekenautcvauroo 
 Ayarkelavanloo . 
 Gavaravanloo 
 
 Fifli, Mutton, Game. Not Fowls. 
 That perform Ceremonies at Ja- 
 
 ganat Pagoda. Neither thefo 
 
 cat Fowls. 
 
 Outcaft from Gavarah Banians. 
 Sooderloo or 4th Caft. 
 Coir Makers. 
 Cultivators of Grounds. 
 Maheputtyrow one of them. 
 Beggars on Weddings and public 
 
 occafions. 
 Born of Slave Mothers. 
 The fame among Rachcvars. 
 Born of Slaves by Eaflards. 
 Rich Farmers. 
 Gardeners. 
 
 Gold 
 
 Of the IKDIJNS. 
 
 " wkh her Huftand. This ceremony however is but feldom, or never, put in 
 *' piailice, for in the courfe of 18 years refidence amongft the Hifitfoos I never 
 " fiiW an inilance. Indeed, the IFl-ves, of the /ffw^r Cafts, very feldom either hum, 
 " or bury., w th the Ilujlanti. 
 
 *' None of the Hindoo Carts burn thofe who die of the Small Pox: they are 
 " always buried, from a notion that t\^e Smoak^ of the Funeral Pile, fpreads the
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 51 
 
 Gold Smiths 1 
 Iron Ditto I 
 Brafs Ditto ^ 
 Carpenters I 
 Stone Cuttersj 
 Sirtukurnauloo 
 Bondileloo 
 Poodbialoo 
 
 Jungumvanloo, not Scelamun- ' 
 
 tuloo 
 
 Naravedeavanloo 
 Katchapoovanloo 
 Panafavanloo 
 Veeramuftevanloo 
 
 Chenchuvanloo . 
 Chittajuloovanloo 
 
 Savalevanloo 
 Miichevanloo 
 
 Maudegavanloo, or Chucklers 
 
 Maulavanloo, or Pariars 
 Saduroo, Boyaloo or Pariars 
 
 Five Strings, fuch as are called 
 not Seelamuntuloo. 
 
 Town Conicoplies. 
 
 A kind of Rajapouts. 
 
 A little different from the above, 
 
 reputed for honefty. 
 • Taylors. 
 
 Tumblers. 
 
 Slight of hand People. — Thieves. 
 
 Beggars from Gold Smiths only. 
 
 Begging Caft, who carry firafs 
 Pots and fing at Doors. 
 
 Hill People. 
 
 Beggars from Banians and Slight 
 of hand People. 
 
 Fortune Tellers. 
 
 That makes Trunks, and other 
 Chefts with paints over them. 
 
 Makers of Shoes and other Lea- 
 ther Works. 
 
 Labourers in the Fields. 
 
 Holders of Lands and of confe- 
 quence in Hyder's Country, 
 for guarding the Entrances of 
 FortrefTes at Nio-hts. 
 
 The fullozvhig Cajis eat Animal Food, and the PFives are married as 
 
 often as fFidozvs. 
 
 Caulingavanloo 
 
 /.. INDIANS, ^'oonupulavanloo 
 Radckecloo 
 
 Chillce Sellers, and Cultivators of 
 
 La fids. 
 Painters. 
 Palankeen Boys. 
 
 Wandavanloo
 
 5^ 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Of the 
 
 WaudavanloQ 
 
 
 
 Syrangs and Lafcars of Veflels, 
 
 Gollavanloo 
 
 
 
 Milk People and Cowkeepers. 
 
 PuUevanloo 
 
 
 
 Both -Lafcars and Firtier Caft. 
 
 Jalleryvanloo 
 
 
 
 Fifliers and Boat-drivers. 
 
 Nagarauloo 
 
 
 
 Cultivators of Hill Fields. 
 
 Mangalavanloo . 
 
 
 
 Barbers. 
 
 Sakalevanloo 
 
 
 
 Wartiers. 
 
 Coomarevanloo . 
 
 
 
 Pot Makers. 
 
 Yeandravanloo . 
 
 
 
 Toddy People. 
 
 Perrikevanloo . 
 
 
 
 Gunny Makers. 
 
 Gamunlavanloo . 
 
 
 
 Arrack Diftillers and Sellers of it. 
 
 Sondcvanloo 
 
 
 
 Makers of Rice Balls for the 
 
 
 
 Arrack Diftillers. 
 
 Sagodevanloo 
 
 • 
 
 Toddy People. 
 
 MuUamoodupuvanloo 
 
 Thieving Caft. 
 
 Jalagadiigulavanloo 
 
 • 
 
 Live by the Gold, he. found 
 among the Alhes bought from 
 Silver Smiths, Mint, &c. 
 
 Yatavanloo 
 
 
 Gardeners and Toddy People. 
 
 Vooperloo 
 
 
 
 Tank Diggers. 
 
 Vodaravanloo 
 
 
 
 Different Caft of Tank Diggers. 
 
 Condavanloo 
 
 
 
 Hill People in general. 
 
 Gaunetavanloo 
 
 
 
 Hill People. 
 
 Vojoolavanloo 
 
 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 Gaudebavanloo 
 
 
 
 . Ditto. Tank Diggers. 
 
 Godealoo . 
 
 
 
 Hill People. 
 
 Savarloo . 
 
 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 Yarukelavanloo 
 
 
 Balket Makers and Wandering 
 Beg-o-ars. 
 
 Sankudauferloo . 
 
 
 Wandering Beggars. 
 
 Paumiilavanloo . 
 
 
 Snake People. 
 
 Totakooravanloo 
 
 
 Gardeners. 
 
 Yanaudevanloo . 
 
 
 Between Hill People and Pariars. 
 
 L.umbaudcevanloo 
 
 " 1 
 
 'hefe Three Cafts are Travelling Merchants 
 
 Coodcaloo 
 
 
 and marry the Widows of their Brothers. 
 
 Memoir
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 53 
 
 Memoir of a Sketch of the Roads into the Combu.m and 
 CuDAPAH Countries, by Lieut. W. Caulfeld Lemon, 
 Lieutenant of Engineers. 
 
 A HE accompanying Sketch was made in the year 1783, 
 when I attended the Detachment under General Jones, whicli 
 was defigned againft Cudapah and Sidout. The Route from 
 Ellore to Ongole being fufficiently well known, i began at 
 the latter place. From the Hill of Ongole I took the bearings 
 of Ardinghy, Chicurta, Puddly, Cimnagn.erry and Sundy Hills, 
 with an Azimuth Compnfs. Our Route from Ongole was by 
 Mynumpaud, Bodawada, Pudally, Yetherelepaud, Turlepaud and 
 CoMBUM. The bearings of each days March laid down from 
 the former, the diftanccs meafured by a Termnhulator. From 
 Pudally Hill I took the bearings of Combum, Inicunda, 
 Chicurta and Ongole. From Combum we marched to Comeral, 
 where the Detachment halted fome time. From hence I pro- 
 ceeded to the PaJ's of Tacoor, and to within fight of Bodewall, 
 but could not with fafety venture further. Thus far, bearings 
 and diftances are laid down by the Compafs and Perambulator. 
 From Pormajnela the two Routes to Cudapah and Sidout 
 are taken from the concurring reports of Black People, fent out 
 for the purpofe ; I believe them to be tolerably exaft, for when 
 (hewn to the Rajah of Cotacotah he immediately named 
 the places as they were reprefented ; I was afterwards confirmed, 
 in my opinion, from the accounts of Lieutenants Baillie and 
 Martin, wiio wcic taken at the Battle of Bodezvall and carried 
 prilbncrs to Sidout. The Roads from Tacoor, by Sahumporam 
 and IVocdaguerry, to Sirngum, and from Bodewall, by the 
 E0GR4PHr. ^-^"''"^^ ^'ll^y ^ colleded from t\ic reports of thofe who efcaped 
 by thcfc Roads from Bodewall to Nellore. The Road 
 f Q. from
 
 54 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 from Nellore to Colzvay, and by the bed of the River to 
 the fmall Redout, withhi five or fix miles of Sidout, alio the 
 fituation of Ra7>ipoor, and the Cbittel Pi'/r, I have from 
 Lieut. Robin/on, who explored thefe places in perfon. 
 
 The Detachment remained a confidcrablc time at Co!)ieyal, 
 from whence I was fent to dcflroy the Fort of Cotacotah, 
 and thence to Dupaud; thefe Roads arc all laid down by Compajs 
 and Perambulator. There is a confiderable Pafs, about five cofs 
 to the NW of Gurzapilh, but I had not time to explore it, 
 for before I had quite finiflied my work at Di'pai'd, the 
 Enemy's horfe, after the affair at Bodcziall, poured in from the 
 Wcdward, and I was obliged to take refuge at Courch'ter. 
 From this Hill I took the bearings of Inicunda, Ardinghv, 
 Ptidally and Combum Hills. Having caught a violent fever 
 here, from the ill treatment of the Rajah, who had a defign of 
 delivering me up to the 'Enemy, I was incapable of meafuring 
 the dijiances to Ongole, where I was permitted, at laft, to go 
 for my recovery. 
 
 Shortly after, I explored all the Roads to Canna^uerry, and 
 rejoined the Detachment at Combum, by the Pafs oi Yehnapaudi 
 through which, though extremely difficult, upon my report of 
 its pradlicabllity, the Commanding Officer, then Captain Brown, 
 was perfuadcd to carry off the two 24 Ibrs that were intended 
 to breach Sidout, which, otherwifc, he would have been 
 obliged to leave behind ; as our communication was effedlually 
 cut off by the Enemy, on every other fide. This i?W is laid 
 down particularly exaft, for I travcrfed it four different times, 
 and always found the bearings and diftances to corrcfpond. 
 
 GEOGRAPHr. The
 
 OPvIENTAL REPERTORY. s5 
 
 The Rivers I took particular care in tracing, and afccrraining 
 their exact coHtJes. The Mujfy I crofled in above ten different 
 places, and of the fczv parts that I did not actually trace, 
 I had a Fiew of its vcmdings through the whole extent. 
 
 The Gandega-ziia, I traced from Com bum to Coinyhier, and 
 from Ardinghy to the Sea. North of the Road leading 
 to Courcbier, I am not certain of its courfe, but it certainly 
 pafTcs between Courcbier and Inicunda, and approaches as 
 near to Ardinghy a-s reprefented. The Source of this River 
 is the great Tank of Com bum, which is formed by nature, 
 as reprefented in the Sketch, peyfeSi, except a fmall opening in 
 the lejer Range of Hills, at the letter C of Combum ; 
 which is built up with Stone; from a bafe of 130 feet to 40 
 at top, 60 feet high, and near 300 yards long, with a 
 Stone Sluice, in the Center, of very curious Conjlruction. The 'Tank 
 when full, is about 7 miles long, and 3 broad. The bills to 
 the Weftward remarkably high and bold, and forms altogether 
 a very noble Fiezu. 
 
 The River at Garkpett, I believe to be, the fame that dif- 
 embogues itfelf at Caroar, or at leaft a branch of it, but I had 
 no opportunity of examining it. 
 
 I was forry that I could not take the Latitudes and Longitudes 
 of the principal places in this Sketch, but had no other Inftruments 
 with me than a Compajs and Perambulator. From the Cir- 
 cumftance of my having been attacked with the Hill-fever 
 in 1786, when attempting a Survey of the River Godavery, 
 above Polarum, and being obliged to go to China for my 
 Recovery, I loft almoft all my papers, amongft the reft, the 
 GEOGRAPHl'. j^^gjr^ii of the diflo^nces of the particular places, in this Route 
 
 3 ''>■
 
 CEOGRAPHl'. 
 4 
 
 56 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 by the roads, but they were laid down at the time, according 
 to the Proportion of 8 and 8§ Englijh Miles, traverfed by the 
 Perambulator, to 7 horizontal miles of the fame kind ; varying 
 the proportion, within the above bounds, by the diverftty of 
 the roads. 
 
 The dijlance between Ongole and Nellore, is laid down 
 a little more than it (liould, being only intended to fliew the 
 relative fituation of the other places fVeJl of them. 
 
 Feh: 8 th, 1790. 
 
 NB. The Map and this Memoir differ in fpelling fome of 
 the Names, viz. Canaguery, Mynunipad, Bodazvoda, 2'elherlepaudf 
 BoDEWAL, Garlapettj Caroure. ^ 
 
 /icotint
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 57 
 
 Account of the ConJiruBion of the Plan of the Roads from Nellore 
 
 to the Weftern Pafles, and to Ongole, ^c. meafured ?« 1788. 
 
 By Colin Mackenzie, Pra£litmer-Engineer. 
 
 The fituation of fomc remarkable objefts near Nellore, were 
 afcertained, by an adlual Survey of the Environs of that Flace ; 
 the principal are, * Ramanaig petta Pagoda, Narfamallee Pagoda, 
 on the rock of that name, the fmall Pagoda, on a rock North of 
 the river, Janiverdy rock ; the road to Seropilly Fort was alio 
 accurately meafured by the chain, and the diftance of upwards 
 of II miles, from Nellore to Seropilly, formed a bafe for the 
 Angles taken of Narfamallee Conda, Janiverdy Conda, Cajfimore 
 Conda, &c. Bearings were alfo taken, with an accurate 
 Theodolite, oiCundellPeak, ■■■Fenkalgerry durgum, Malleam Conda, 
 Dudania Cauda, and feveral remarkable Hills in the Weftern 
 Chain, which may be clearly feen from Nellore, and ferved 
 £0 corredb the diftance run by the Peratnbulator. 
 
 This foundation beinglaid, in Auguft 1788,! meafured the Road 
 ivom'bli.LhoK^ South-Parade to*Rampour, following the windings 
 of the road, minuting the diftance at every change, in the direc- 
 tion, and Country, correcting the fmall errors, which unavoidably 
 arofe from the Pocket Compafs ufed, by bearings, taken at every 
 convenient ftation with thcTheodolite, of thofe remarkable objeifts, 
 mentioned already, and of others, which occurred in the courfe 
 of tliis Survev. The Perambulator ufed, was a Wheel about 
 20 feet in circumference, conftruded by the late Major Pn',;^ /if 
 of the Guides, and which I found, on examination, to be more 
 accurate than the common fmall ones. In protrading the 
 meafurcments on the Plan, I laid down each fmall diftance 
 according to the bearing by Compafs, and afterwards correiftcd 
 them by the ftationary bearings, fo that the diftances, on the 
 Plan, may be reckoned horizontal, the road or winding diftance 
 
 R being 
 
 GEOGRJPIir. * The MS is not always conliftcnt widi itfcU", and differs from the Ma/>, 
 
 in fpcUng the «<7»;«; by the Ma/>, Ranganaig, Narfimalke, Vcncatygerry 
 5 durgiim, Mallcm-conJ;i, llampora.
 
 58 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 being in the abftradt of the Routes annexed. I alfo took fketches 
 of the outlines of the remarkable hills, which ferved to make 
 them known to me, when viewed afterwards from other quarters: 
 fome of thcfe may be diftinguiflied at upwards of 60 miles ; 
 as Venkan'geny durgum and Mallcaviconda from Nellore; 
 Udgheny durgum from Niirfimalke and Singrhonda. * 
 
 The fbortnefs of the time prevents my giving a complete ropy 
 of the field-hook kept, and of many bearings taken, but it is' 
 hoped, the abftra£l annexed will give fome fatisfaction. 
 
 The routes marked with the Guntoor Detachment arc alfo- 
 given, and which were furveyed in the fame manner ; the great 
 number of remarkable Hllh and Pagodas facilitate very much 
 a Survey of this kind, but from AUour to '''Carvcar on the Ongole 
 road, this help was much wanting, as the road there goes 
 through thick Groves oi Palmyras, in a level Country near the 
 Sea, where the fight is much circumfcribed, and a view of the 
 mountains can be rarely obtained ; this may have occafioned 
 perhaps fome fmall deviation there from the true line, but 
 I apprehend it cannot be confiderable, as Colonel Pearce's mcafured 
 line agrees fo nearly with it ; a fcale ofCofles maybe formed 
 for this part, from thcfe diftanccs, but it will not anfwer for the 
 Weftern parts of the Country, as the Cantarozv Cofs is ufed. 
 beyond the Gaats in Tippoo's Country, which I am told is 
 much larger than this, in the proportion, perhaps, of 3 to 2. 
 
 No obfervations of the Variation were taken for want of time 
 and proper inftruments, but from a variety of obfervations made 
 by another Gentleman, 1 underftand it is never more than about 
 1? 18' to 1? 27' Wefterly from Madrajs :\ to Majulapatam, 
 no allowance is made for this, in the Mnp. 
 
 Fort Si -George, Fehr. loth, 1790. 
 
 JhfiraB 
 
 CEOGRAPIir 
 
 ■'■ Py the il/iv^, Singracond.i, Caiv;idoo. 
 6 f Mr. Topping found the Fariation w.is 1? E. at Fori St. George in 1789.
 
 ORIENTAL REPEPvTORY. 
 
 59 
 
 JlftraB of the Dl/Iances of the pnncipal Places, from Nkllore to the 
 PaJjl'S fl/RAMPOL-R and Sami serum, * extracted from the Field Book, 
 kept from 8//? to ibth Augufl. 1788, in Road D'ljlance, mcafured by an 
 accurate Ferambulalor, 20 feet in circumference. 
 
 Mlnimoody village, miiJ Choultry, havJng'M 
 
 crofled Narfamalkc 
 O A rock, on the left . . . 
 
 Dillance to Nellorc, S Cofs. 
 
 Tondul Village ..... 
 © Podalcour Village and Culba mud Cli? 
 Rampore, 8 Cofs dill. 
 
 PonJ-aar * River .... 
 
 Caidclair River .... 
 
 Adriapilly, Village .... 
 
 Chain. ipallee, * Village . . . 
 
 Toomay Village, paflcd through Jungle 
 
 © Sydapilly 
 
 N. B. The Ridge of Mountains, now 
 near, go by the general name o{*Ellacoiuia 
 or injlte Mountains, though diftiuct hills 
 have their feparate names, as CundsU 
 -Coryve, Dudamaconda, Malleam conda, 
 
 &c. 
 
 M. 
 
 Y ( Bearings here. © (Vide View N? i . ) 
 
 36: 6 
 
 Venkatgcrry Hill 
 
 { 
 
 Peak 
 
 durgum 
 
 211. 
 
 2.5? 
 
 Sangam Hills . 
 
 
 • 
 • 
 
 3 5=>- 
 357- 
 
 Naif.im:illcc Spire 
 
 
 N 6;? 
 
 45.' E 
 
 CunLlell Peak . 
 
 
 S.49. 
 
 30 W 
 
 rodalcour Tope 
 
 
 5^32. 
 
 4SW 
 
 Caffimore Hill 
 
 
 S 142. 
 
 E 
 
 Bearings from ruined Mud Foit. 
 
 Vencatgerry durgum 
 
 Si 13? 
 
 36.' VV 
 
 Narfamallce Hill 
 
 . 
 
 N 64. 
 
 E 
 
 Cundcll I'eak 
 
 . 
 
 8252. 
 
 oW 
 
 Tondall Rock 
 
 • 
 
 N 5+. 
 
 21 E 
 
 r It rifeafromCimde 
 
 Peak whence its 
 
 name, Cundcl = aar. 
 
 Enter the Valley of Rampour. 
 
 Bearings. 
 
 Vencatgerry durgum S 196? CjMV 
 
 CundellPcak . N291. iS W 
 
 Rampour Flag Stall" S 190. o W 
 
 O R.unpore 
 
 OGRJPIir. 
 
 By the iliij/, Samiffcrum, Pondair Ri\er, Chainapalem, Ela conda.
 
 io 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 
 11 
 
 VIlFI Y 1 
 
 
 36 6 o| 
 
 Bearings. " 
 
 G Ramporc Forr, gate 
 
 .' S 
 
 Dudamaconda"' , N 335? W 
 
 NB. Rampore from Nellore, 20 Cofs 
 
 
 Malleamconda . N 327. W 
 
 fiom Calvay 12 D? 
 
 
 Peak . . , N307. W 
 
 IVom Vencatgcriy 6 D? 
 
 
 GaatorPafs . . N 274.! W 
 
 
 3^- 3 ° 
 4 lie 
 
 Vencargcrry durgum S 195. |W 
 
 Entry of the Pafs, and bed of river 
 
 Vide Fieiv N? 2. 
 
 Barrier in the Pafs .... 
 
 c 3 :io 
 
 Chittcll faid to be . WSW 4 Cofs. 
 
 Choutra SirainooJa, * the boundaiy or limit 
 
 
 Sidout 5 Gaes or 20 Cofs. 
 
 on the hills .... 
 
 ^ S no 
 
 Iragoonta . . S? 3 Gacs. 
 
 
 47 7 1'° 
 
 
 Rampore to Samilcrum. 
 
 
 Bearings near Penpurty. 
 
 SyJapilly, ViUaje .... 
 
 2 5 ° 
 
 I'afi . . . S i93f|W 
 
 Cundcll, a? 
 
 
 3 3 ° 
 
 Vcncatygeiry durgum S 1S6. W 
 
 Govanapilly, • 0? . , . . 
 
 
 - - - 
 
 Cundcl Peak . . 8 226. W 
 
 Lingapilly, d? 
 
 
 - - - 
 
 ■ 
 
 Candclair River, croflbd 
 
 
 46 
 
 Bearings at Calvay. 
 
 G Penpurty, * Village 
 
 
 ~ 7 ~ 
 
 Cundcll Peak . . S 177.I E 
 
 Palicond.1, d? through Jungle and ftr 
 
 lit 
 
 5 5 oBomaveram Peak . N -{ib. W 
 
 Shipfnappy, V:ilage . 
 
 
 J 2 
 
 Samiferum Pafs . N 258. W 
 
 Topegunta, c? . 
 Calvay, * d? 
 
 
 42 
 2 6 - 
 
 U '"hcrr%' Hills 1 ^ P"*^ ^ 346.-i-W 
 L.^lie.rj Wills 1^^, ^, j^^^^_ ^y 
 
 - ^^-..— -______^^____^^____^ 
 
 lb 4 - 
 
 3 4 c 
 
 
 Colour, Village .... 
 
 
 Rajapilly, d? . . . . 
 
 
 1 2 c 
 
 
 Pcnnar River, South Bank . 
 
 • 
 
 1 — 
 
 
 D? North Bank 
 
 , 
 
 I - 
 
 
 S.imifcrum Pngoda 
 
 NB. Sidout, diftant 16 Cofs. 
 Chittcll, . 12 D? 
 
 M 
 
 - 7 IK 
 
 . U I lie 
 
 1 
 
 J Bearlngj from the PagoJa. 
 jBonwveraai Peak . "Szz. 21 I 
 
 GEOGRJPIir. 
 
 8 
 
 Samifen I 
 
 * Ey the A/<»/>, ST.:moody, Gouainpilly, Pciipurrly, Ca'.vay. 
 t Qu.> 346? or 344?
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 6i 
 
 Samifcrum t» Ne!lore» 
 
 Cumbumpaur, * Village 
 Cuinburapilly, * d? . 
 Shinivaflaporam, * J? 
 © Devoorpilly, Village 
 Minikell, Tope . . 
 Eandaarpilly, Village 
 G Aparoupilly, * Village 
 
 Yerlagoodypaud ', , 
 
 Bugair River . . . 
 CoUagotla, * Village . • 
 Veraper River . . . 
 Sangam, Village and Pagoda 
 rcramuttapolhim, * Village 
 Door, Village . 
 Panchcr}', * d? . 
 Jaiiiverdy d? . . 
 Pcnnar, CioflcJ . 
 
 Ramdoz's Choultry . 
 Ntllorc 
 
 OGR.lPin 
 9 
 
 i:c 
 
 M 55 
 
 lie 
 
 I IC 
 
 Bearings. 
 
 Calvay 
 
 Cumbumpalcin 
 B;>mavcrain Peak 
 
 S 104? 2i'E 
 N 80. 30 E 
 N 17IE 
 
 Bearings at Devoorpilly. 
 Injamour Conda • 
 Boraaveram . . N 284 W 
 
 N 22|E 
 
 Bearings at Aparoupilly. 
 CundcUPealc . . S::i7?W 
 
 Attcour * Hill, 2 Miles N 329. W 
 
 Yerlagoodypaud . 
 Vide new, N" 3. 
 
 Udgherry . 
 Sangsm Hills . 
 
 N 63. E 
 
 Beaiings from Sangam. 
 ^>'arfaraallee Conda \ ^, 
 
 1 10 
 II 
 
 Spire, fuppofcd 
 
 '35- 
 
 Udgherry (dim) 
 
 300. 21 
 
 CundcU Pci.k 
 
 3:6. 
 
 Attcour Hill . 
 
 2S4. 
 
 Colljgotla 
 
 ;S2. 30 
 
 Abflran. 
 
 * By tlie Maf), Cumbarpoor, Cumhumpilly, Shinivafaporaro, Aparopilly, Attacour, 
 Coll.«otta, Paramuttapalcm, Ponchcry,
 
 62 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Abjira^ of the Dijlattces, from Nellore to Ongole, in Road Dijance, 
 meafured from 19//; to 22^ Aiiguft, 1788. 
 
 Nellore, South - Paiadc 
 
 © CoravcUour, * Pagoda . 
 Mopour, Village 
 Allour, Village . . 
 
 Shindapallem, * Tope and Village 
 Jualdenny * Village . 
 Sipelair River, crofTcd , 
 Mamadroog, fniall Village . 
 Chinapalem, * d? d? • 
 Rameapatam (Centre Village) 
 Sacherla, fmall Village 
 Carwar, * village 
 Mancr River, crofled , 
 
 Binganapilly, Village . 
 
 Paler River, crofled , 
 Tangatore, Village . , 
 Muffy River, croffcd . 
 Vclour, * Village . . 
 Pellour * Fort (to Venkatgcrry) 
 South Gate of Ongole Fort 
 
 
 t 
 
 M 
 
 
 Y 
 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 7 
 
 2 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 1 10 
 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 i 
 
 
 lie 
 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 6 
 
 I 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 _^ 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 3 
 
 
 160 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 77 
 
 
 160 
 
 
 
 
 
 r Bearings. 
 
 ! Sangam Hills . . 281? to 476 
 
 I NarfamaHee Pagoda 228. 39' 
 
 LRanganaig Pagoda . 189. 21 
 
 From Nellore to Ongole is reckoned in Country meafure 32 or 33 
 Coffes, of thofe ufed in this Country, Col. Pearce's meafured route 
 agrees nearly with this, being Miles 76.48 from the North Bank of 
 the Pennar. 
 
 CEOGRAPHr. 
 
 AbftraEl 
 
 10 
 
 ■^ By the Map, Curavellore, Sindipalem, Jualdmny, Chimpalem, Carvadoo, 
 Vcllore, Pcllore. 
 
 f This Column is in black-lead pencil.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 63 
 
 JbJlraEl of the Route, marched by the Guntoor Detachnent, 
 
 in Sept. 1788. 
 
 O.vGOLi Fort, 
 
 Goulapilly, * North fide of the Gondegama or Gonlacuramum 
 River ••..«■..• 
 
 Ardingy 
 
 Cooprapaud * 
 
 Yelchoor 
 
 Inaconda 
 
 Yelpour 
 
 Garapaur, or Gourepaudoo * 
 
 Upilpaudoo ''' 
 
 Bdlamconda ^.*. •»..... 
 
 From hence the Detachment marched to Condavii 
 and Guntoor. And I afterwards furveyed the 
 road to Chlntapllly. 
 
 Bdlamconda 
 
 Achcmpetta 
 
 Chintapilly 
 
 M, 
 
 13 1 
 
 4 ^ 
 
 100 
 140 
 
 200 
 
 1 00 
 
 20 
 
 100 
 
 160 
 120 
 too 
 
 160 
 
 120 
 
 60 
 
 The above diftances are meafurcd from the Artillery Park, 
 from one Encampment to the next. 
 
 CEOGRAPIir. 
 
 £ 
 
 eanngj. 
 
 II 
 
 By the Map, Gollapilly, Cooprapad, Gurapaad, Upilpaad, Bellumconda.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Bearings. 
 Head-Quarters Goulapilly, 
 Peak of Chicotta Hill .... 
 
 Matramctia Conda (By the Map, Malramella) 
 Onjjole Hills, Weft extremity 
 
 ^latrametla 
 
 ArJiiijy round liill, or Singticonda. 
 
 Inaconda Eaft Hill 
 
 D? Weft Hill 
 
 Chicotta Peak 
 
 D? Hill, from 
 
 Poudcla Conda ....... 
 
 SingriconJa 
 Matr.-.metla 
 
 Inaconda 
 
 Ardingy Hill 
 Matrametla 
 Chicotta 
 BcUumconda 
 
 Inaconda 
 Chicotta 
 
 Inaconda Fort Hill 
 
 Bjlluir.comia 
 
 Chicotta 
 
 GEOCrRJPHl : 
 
 Chintapilly Fort 
 ColKvjr . 
 GuticonJa . 
 Iivaconda . 
 
 Coupe rapauJoo. 
 
 Yelchour. 
 
 InacoiiJa Rock. 
 
 Yclpour. 
 
 Gunapar. 
 
 • { 
 
 BcUunicoiida. 
 
 to 
 
 Head-Quarters Ardinghy. 
 Inaconda, diftant 1 1 Cofs .... 
 
 261 
 
 17 
 
 ^11 
 
 ■7 
 
 o 
 
 J± 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 3-2 
 
 319 
 
 22 I 
 
 30; 
 
 3=- 
 
 ^34 
 
 30 
 
 15 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 to 
 
 167 
 
 4a 
 
 21 
 
 266 
 
 '32 
 
 14c 
 16^ 
 
 32 
 
 182 
 
 r 
 
 Ito 
 
 9 
 
 o 
 
 45 
 9 
 
 48 
 
 9 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 6 
 
 
 3» 
 
 o 
 
 30 
 2-*;! o 
 21-,! 30 
 Aicoirnt
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. g^ 
 
 Cochin-china, 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Fort S. Gtorge, 1757. 
 
 J. N looking over the old Records, in queft of Materials to 
 explain and compleat " A Vievj of the Countries adjacent 
 to Pegu," I fell accidentally on a Letter, to the King ot 
 Cochin-China, with LiJIrucfioas to a Peifon bound thitber, 
 concerning the Meafures to be purfued in endeavouring to obtain 
 a Settlement there ; This induced me to poftpone my purfuit, 
 and to look after the Reply; I met with many Difap- 
 pointments, from Books being wanting, and from the Con- 
 fufion of thofe ftill remaining ; however at lad I was fuccefsful 
 enough to find the Journal of iJ:is Expedition, which was 
 fo full, as convinced me, my Time and Pains were well 
 requited. 
 
 The Gentlemen at Fort St. George in 1695, whilft 
 Nath. Higginfon, Efq. was Preftdent, fitted out the Ship 
 Dolphin, on a Voyage to Cochin-China ; the Command of 
 this Ship was given to Captain Zechariah Stilgoe, and 
 Mr. T'!:o>nas Bozcyear was Supra-Cargo ; they departed in 
 May, 1695, and returned the 2d April, 1697; b/lr. Boztyear, 
 the Supra-Cargo, feems to have been a very intelligent and 
 difcreet Man ; He after his return was fent to Pegu, where 
 he continued, as Rrfidcnt at Syrian, till 
 
 It is but jullice to the Memory of Mr. Higginfon, who appears 
 
 ''ocurx CM^y / ^° ^^^^'^ been not only an honed, confcientious, but public fpirited 
 
 Man, to obferve that feveral fchemes were laid, during his 
 
 I T Adminiftration,
 
 66 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 Ad'Tiiniflration, for extending our Commerce ; a Correfpondcnce 
 was opened with the King of Succadana on Borneo : the 
 Settkmcits were re-ejinbliped in the Dominions of Pegu, and 
 a correfpondence renewed with Acheen. — This Gentleman 
 was about that time appointed Licutenant-General, the Affairs 
 of The Company being then managed, by a General at Bombay, 
 to whom all the Settlem.ents were fubordinate ; but Mr. Hig' 
 ginfon was afterwards fupercedcd by Thomas Pitt, the famous 
 Diamond-Governor. -j~ 
 
 Mr. Bowyear's Journal contains an account of Cochin-China, 
 with his Proceedings there. I do not recolledl to have even 
 met with any mention of our attempting to gain admifTion 
 into that Country, fo that this Account is the more valuable, 
 confidered doubly, as a Piece of Hijiory, and as tending to 
 inform us of the Jfate and ProcluSl of the Country. 
 
 The Account Borri gives of this Kingdom, has generally 
 been efteemedi but as two Accounts of a Place are more valuable 
 than one, both as mutual teftimony of each other's veracity, 
 and as many Particulars will be noted by each, which efcaped 
 the other; at the fame time, a variety of Incidents, which 
 every one cannot meet with, tend greatly to our Information ; 
 befides this Expedition is at leaft half a Century later than 
 Borri. * 
 
 Odober, 
 
 ■{• I am far from meaning an imputation on his memory for any tranfaftion 
 
 concerning that Diamond; when I arrived at Madrafs, 1 7 53, He bore the Cha- 
 
 ratter of an hontft Man, but •violent: In Salmon's Irijl> Peerage, under the article 
 
 Londonderry, will be found a Vindication of Governor Pitt againft the afperfions 
 
 COCHIN'CHIXA. of Mr. Frederick, who had a very bad Characler. 
 
 * This Expedition was before the Expullion of the Miffionaries.
 
 ORIENTAL RErER.TORY. 67 
 
 October, 1758. 
 Mr. Bazvyear fays, the Prince of Champa, 'fthom he met 
 at the Cocbin-Ch'hiefe Coitrt, was very polite to him, and ftrenuoufly 
 exhorted him to introduce the E>ii^ll/J:> to the Domhilons of 
 Champa, where he promifed they fhould be fecure of a good 
 reception; The Jnibajfj^ors of Camboja were likewife there, 
 and endeavoured to perfuade him- to open a Trade with their 
 Country ; aflurinsr him that he would be free from the Impofb 
 and Difficulties met with in Cochin-China : He feems to 
 have a good opinion of this, and imagines ^jjamilies of woollen 
 Goods might be difpofed of to advantage amongft the Laws, 
 as he calls them, by the River of Camboja. 
 
 It mud be confefled the Scheme is far from being unfcafible ; 
 and it is furprifing never was attempted. The River oi Camboja 
 is navigable for Veflels of Burthen to the C//v, and at its 
 Entrance has not lefs than 4 fathom Water ; above the City, 
 they make ufe of fmall velfels only. A confiderable way up 
 a CataraSl is laid down, by fome Maps, which, if real, mufl 
 be an Interruption to the Navigation upv/ards ; however 1 do 
 not find any authentic account of this Fall, nor indeed any 
 at all of its height, fo that it is impoffiblc to fay, whether it 
 will be a hindrance at all Seafons, or only when the Heaters are 
 hzv. Camboja is plentifully fupplied with all the convenieiuies 
 for Ship-Building-, nor is it ^'oid of Commodities for Trajfick, at 
 the fame time the People are, at leaft zi-ere, much add idled to 
 Mercantile Affairs, and their fituation is very favourable for 
 carrying on an extenfive Commerce. 
 
 By fome converfation with Mr. Di'ff, a Mamiirln of 
 
 Cochin-China, I was informed, that the ftate of this, and 
 
 .OCHIN-CHIKA. ^ijg adjacent Coimtries, is full neaily the fame as it is defcribed 
 
 3 , ■ "='
 
 68 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 by Bowyear. Camboja is tributary (the terms and Occafion 
 juftly related by Hamilton) but is little pkii/ed with a Foreign 
 Toke, and ahuoft every year rebels, Champa is likewile tributary, 
 and though it has its ozvn Prince, nothing can be done without 
 the Approbation of a Coehin-Chinefe Mandareen, refident at the 
 Court. The Ckampans particularly have very good Fejfels 
 (a circumftance mentioned by Dampier alfo) are remarkably 
 fond of Maritime Affairs, and are a very ingenious People. 
 
 The Cambojans, are by him defcribed to refemble the Malays, 
 which Language is generally underjlood by all the People in 
 thofe Parts, a pcrfon therefore proficient in the Malay La,i- 
 guage will be neceffary as an Interpreter, although fome may 
 be found in this, as well as in the adjacent Countries, who 
 can fpeak Portuguefe. 
 
 jStli November, 175'', 
 
 /a&ljmhU. 
 
 />^^„„, ^„„, . Inrtructions 
 
 4
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 69 
 
 Instructions toMr.Bozvjear,a.SupraCargoe, in t\\cCouniry Servlcey 
 bound for Cochin-China, what meafures to purfLie, in 
 attempting to obtain a Settlement ; Letters to and from the 
 King of Cochin-China, with Mr. Bo-jvjear's Journal of his 
 Proceedings and Obfervations. (Extrafted at Madrass, 
 from Letters Sent 1695, and Letters Received 1697, and 
 collated with a M. S. at the Eaft India Houfe 1791.) 
 
 Letter to the King of Cochin-China. 
 
 To the mofl: lUuftrious and Mighty Prince, the King of 
 Cochin-China, Nat. Higginfon, Efq. Prefident for the 
 Englip Nation, on the Coajl of Cormandell, Bay of 
 Bengall, Sumatra, and South-Seas, Wifheth Health 
 and Happinefs, and a Long and Profperous Reign. 
 
 May it pleafe your Majefly. 
 
 Whilft Tour Ancejlors forbid other 
 Nations to vifit their Kingdoms, their Lujlur was confined 
 within their own Bounds, but fince your Majejly has permitted 
 and invited them to trade in your Ports, the Fame of your 
 Miijcjly's Greatnefs, Poxver and Jujlice, (hines like the Sun 
 throughout the JVorld, God made the Heavens for the 'Throne 
 of His Glory, and the Earth for the habitation and Ufe of 
 Mankind, and hath divided it amongft a fezv, whofe Greater 
 IViJdani and Valour renders them f.t to govern men, your 
 Majefty is one of tbofe, to whom Dominion is given over a 
 nutnerous and valiant People, a large and rich Country, bled by 
 fruitful Nature, with Variety of good Things, convenient for 
 the Life of Man, in greater (lore than is neccflary for the 
 Maintenance of your own People, (o hath God given other 
 good things, to other Countries, and hath not given all to 
 any part of the Earth, but hath by His Providence ordered, 
 that one Country fhall communicate to another, and that b\' a 
 'orrrry cni\' 1 fi'i^ndly Exchange, each part of the World enjoys the Benefit 
 and Choice of all. 
 ^ U In
 
 .70 ' ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 In confidence of your Royal Goodncfs and JiiRice, I have fent 
 my Merchant Mr. "Thomas Bozvyear, to wait on your Majelly, 
 vhom 1 pray your Majedy to receive courteouily, who if pleafe 
 to permit him, will make a JiKall frefcnt to your Majefty's 
 Acceptance, and propofals in behalf of the tioble Ei:glijh Company, 
 for a future Ccmtmnce ; at prefent not underftanding the Trade 
 of the Country, h.ive fent but a /mall Ship, and a fi/iall Slock 
 for a Trjal, and I pray your Majefty to permit him to fell his 
 goods and buy fuch Commodities, as the Place affords, and give 
 him leave to return in due time, the next year I fhall fend more, 
 as your Majefty fhall give Encouragement. 
 
 I have heard a report that Mr. Lemuel Blacbmre, belonging 
 to the Englip FaSiory at Tonqj-'Een, was caft away on the Coajt 
 of Cochin-China, and that your Majefty ufed him civilly and 
 gave him free paflage to Tonqj'een, for which fiivour I rctura 
 your Majefty my humble thanks, and beg this further favour, 
 that your Majefty will affift Mr. Bovjyear in fending my Letters 
 to my Fa5iories* at Tonqj-^een, whom I fent two years ago- 
 with a Ship, and heard nothing from them fince, but there 
 is a report that the Ki^i^^ of Tonqueen doth detain my 
 Ship. 
 
 It is well known to all parts of India, where the Englijh 
 have traded, that they deal juftly, and live peaceably, with 
 all men ; not fecking to conquer Kingdoms, but carry on their 
 Trade only, to the great Benefit of the Country where they 
 trade. 
 
 Your Majefty's moft humble Servant, 
 
 Fort St. George, 
 zd of May, 1695. Nat: Higginson. 
 
 CoCHm-CHINJ. Letter 
 
 6 * So in the original.
 
 JCHIN-CUmJ, 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 71 
 
 Letter to Mr. Bozi-year. 
 
 Fort St. George, 2d May, 1 695. 
 To Mr. Tho. Bouyear, 'Supra Cargoe of Ship Dolphin, bound 
 
 for CoCHIN-ClIINA. 
 
 After the King of Cochin-China has underftood the Contents 
 of my Letter, which refers him to you for Bropofds of Trade, 
 you may take your opportunity to acquaint him, that not 
 underftanding the Trade, and produee of the Country, 1 defire 
 Hhn, to order kls ozvn Jervants, to make a lijl of' the forts, 
 quantities, and Prices of Conr/noditles, bought a.nd Jo/d, that I may 
 know how far the Trade would be prof table, to the Right 
 Honourable EngliJJ} Eaft-India Company, and would anfwer the 
 charge oi fettling a Faclory. 
 
 That if the Trade proves profitable, I would fettle a FaElory, 
 if he would grant the fame Terms, and PrlvUedges, which the 
 Right Honourable Company enjoys in all other places, viz. 
 
 1. A Piece of Ground to build a FaBory in the moft 
 
 convenient Place. 
 
 2. The Englidi Chief to have Power of Judging all 
 
 Matters, wherein Englifh Men are concerned, either 
 with Englifh or Natives. 
 
 » 
 
 3. Coolies and others to ferve the EngUJh, paying them at 
 the fame rate as the Natives pay, and to be punillied, 
 by the EngliJI: Chief, when g^iilty of a Fault. 
 
 4. Freedom
 
 7« ORIENTAL REPERTORY: 
 
 4. Freedom of Cuftom, for all Goods exported, or 
 
 imported. 
 
 5. A convenient Place for building a Dock, wherein our 
 
 Ships may be laid afhoar and repaired, or new Ships 
 built, either in the River, or on fome IJla/id. 
 
 6. Ships caft away by florm, or other accident, on any 
 
 part of the Codjl of Cochin-China, not to be 
 forfeited, or feized; but the King's Subjefts to aflill 
 in faving, and fecuring Ship, Men, and Goods, and 
 all to be delivered to the Englifl} FaSlory. 
 
 7. All Goods, belonging to the Engltjlo FaEiory, to pafs 
 
 from the Futlory into the Land, and from the Land 
 to their Fa£lo)y, free of Cuftom, having the Cbop of 
 the EngUJIo Chief, and they, and their Servants, to 
 travel free, and fafc, without moleftation. 
 
 Take care that all, belonging to your Ship, behave 
 themfelves civilly and foberly, that no OffeUce ' be given to 
 the Government, or Injury done to the Natives. 
 
 If Freedom from Cujlotn c:\nnot be obtained, then the Paymeftt 
 (hould be reduced to certainty, fo far as can be, either fo much 
 ^ Cent on the Goods, or a rate of meafuring the Ship, to 
 prevent the ManJareeis, &c. OJiars impofing and demanding 
 PifLb%caJlh's at Plcafure. 
 
 Nath. Hicginson. 
 
 CociiiN-cHiyj, 
 
 8 
 
 Mr.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 73 
 
 Mr. Bowvear's Instructions. 
 
 To Mr. tho. Bazvyear, Supra Cargoe of Ship Dolphin, bound 
 for Cochin-China. 
 
 It is probable you may have occafion to produce Inflrudions 
 delivered to you for treating with the Kifig of Cochin-China, 
 about trading in his Country ; and therefore This is delivered 
 apart, to be kept private, that mentions Privilcdgcs to be 
 demanded, the ifl whereof is a Piece of Ground to build a 
 FaSfo/y ; but it is left to you to enquire and confider v/hither 
 it be fit to afk for fuch a piece of ground, as is contained 
 within a random (liott, wherein a Fort may be built ; and all 
 that Ground to belong to the Right Honourable Company, and 
 all that dwell within it to be fubjed to their Government, as in 
 Fort St. George and Fort St, David; dL /mall IJland 
 is mofl eligible, efpecially if naturally fortified, and has a 
 good Road or Harbour, and a convenient Place for mending 
 Ships. 
 
 During your flay there, inform yourfelf In the following 
 particulars, and at your return bring us an Account of your 
 Obfervations in Writing, viz. 
 
 The Na!7ies and Titles of the King and his Family. 
 
 The Najncs, Titles, and Offices of his Chief Servants and 
 Favourites. 
 
 The Manner of Government, efpecidly relating to the Trade 
 oi Foreigners. 
 
 )CniN-CHlKJ. 
 
 X The
 
 COCHIK-CHINA. 
 
 Y4 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 
 
 The Onlcr of the Cujlom-Houfe. 
 
 Whether the King of Cochin-China has JVar, or Peace, 
 with the Kings of Tonqjjeen, Siam, and Camboja. 
 
 VVhether a 'Trade be driven from thence to Jappan, and 
 by what Merchants? What is the Amount of the 
 Stock and Number of the rejels yearly ? What fort of 
 Goods carried thither ? and what brought back ? 
 Whether Europe-Cloth may be fent to Jappan by the 
 Cochin-China Jtinks f 
 
 The Prices of all forts of Commodities grooving, or tJiade, 
 in the Country, or imported from any /ijj/. 
 
 What 'Trade or correfpondence the Dutch have, or had, in 
 Cochin-China, and how the iT/V/g- ftands affeded 
 to them? 
 
 You are not to Conclude any Contra^ with the King', 
 but only to make and taeive Propr/a/s. 
 
 Nat." Higginson, 
 Jy;-/ 3"/. George, ' W^ill". Fraser. 
 
 idMay, 1695. Iohn Styleman. 
 
 Thom. Wright. 
 Edwkd. Tredcroft. 
 
 10 
 
 Mr.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 75 
 
 Mr. Bow year's Journal. 
 
 To the Honourable Nath'. Higginson, Efq. Governor of 
 Fort St. George, Prefident of the City of Madrass, 
 Coajl CoRMANDELL, Bay of Bengal, Weft Coaft, &c. and 
 to his Refpedive CoiV/zr/V. (Received 2d April, 1697.) 
 
 HoKOURAELE SiR, and Worthy Gentlemen. 
 
 For the better anfwering your Honour's Queries, and 
 Charge given me, be pleafed to take the following Relation 
 of my Proceedings here, the foregoing year, not to mention 
 our tedious Paffage, arriving on this Coafh, late in Auguft. 
 
 The 18th in the morning we let go our grapling in 46 fathoms 
 Water, to the Eaftward of the Ift:s of Champelhs, diftant 
 3 leagues, the Wind and Current both fetting off, lay in the 
 offing till 
 
 o 
 
 KIirS'-CHINJ. 
 II 
 
 The aoth, with our Colours out, to invite the Fifhermen 
 on board, having many in fight, but none ofTcring to come 
 near us, in the Afternoon I fent the Purfcr on fhoar, to 
 acquaint the People at the IJle, that we were bound in, and 
 dehred Boats to help us. 
 
 The 2 1 ft in the forenoon He and x\ie Surafig "vieit brought 
 off, in two Boats, with two fmall Ofiicers, belonging to the 
 IJle, and ten other Boats with them, all Fifiermen, which they 
 told us fliould help the Ship in, defiring the Captain and 
 another would go afhoar with them, v/hile they kept our Boat 
 and four Liifuvs, at the JJlc, with a ftrong guard, however, 
 I prepared immediately for the fhoar, with Mr. Gyfford, and 
 the Pv.rjcr, leaving the Captain to get his Ship into Harbour ;
 
 7^ ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 we parted about 1 1 a'Clock in two Boats, and arrived at the 
 
 fhoar, between 3 and 4 in tlie Afternoon, but, the Wind and 
 
 Tide being againft us, were fet fo much below the Bar, that 
 
 it coft us a hard march, of above 3 hours, along the ftrand, 
 
 fo that about 7 at night we gained the River, and were carried 
 
 to a Fiji:ers, where we had a Supper provided, of a boiled 
 
 Snake, to invite us to eat their black Rice ; after a little rcfpite, 
 
 our Officers got a Boat, and carried us, over the River, to the 
 
 Bar-Tozon, where we were met at our landing, with a great 
 
 Company of armed men, drawn up in two Ranks, through 
 
 which pafling about 200 paces, were led before the Rcfident, or 
 
 Sub-Governor of Cachong, our fccond Difpatchadore, &c. who 
 
 were waiting for the Lingua, that they had fcnt oft', in the 
 
 Morning, to enquire what we were. Here my Cheft, Scrutore, 
 
 and Bedding (which the Officers had prefled men to bring 
 
 with us) being fet down, we had a Matt fpread to fit on, and 
 
 after forae General Queftions, were defired to ftand up, that 
 
 their Men might feel us, it being their Cuftom, which they 
 
 did, examining our pockets, and after, my Cheft, Bedding, 
 
 and Scrutore, opening every particular (fealed Letters excepted, 
 
 of which had feveral for the Padris) as if they fearched for 
 
 Diamonds, &c. a Common-Praycr-Book, and other of like 
 
 bulk, they muft know what was writt in them, and what 
 
 Lano-uage, with many other Impertinencies that I fluU forbear 
 
 particularifing, for I fear being tircfome, amongft the reft, they 
 
 found my Letter of Credit, and His Honours to the King, 
 
 which were convincing Arguments that we came diredly to 
 
 the Port, on account of Tiade (otherwife our Ship and Cargo 
 
 had been liable to Seizure, by an aatienc Cuftom, for Ships 
 
 forced in) \ec notwithftanding our Complaint, both of Wearincfs 
 
 and Hunger, they kept us widi their fearching Quellions 
 
 CoCHlX-CHlXJ. frojn 8 till iz at night; then, fealing up my Cheft, and 
 
 Scrutore, 
 12
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 77 
 
 Scrntore, fent us to take our repofc at a Fifncrs, the Chief 
 of the Mkd.-'^ 
 
 The 22d early in the morning came to me two of our 
 Lafcars (that were brought from the Ifle and fevercly examined 
 apart) full of Fear and Concernment what flaould be done with 
 them, the bufmefs fceming no better, but that we were all 
 Prifoners, but going to pay our refpefts to the MandareenSy 
 defired they might be font on board, which was immediately 
 done, and we embarked for Foy Foe, in a Boat with the 
 Lingua, at what time the Gallies were ready to put off for 
 Cachotig, and in lefs than two hours, arrived at Foy Foe, 
 (by the Natives, fFha Pboo) where we were entertained by 
 the Lingua at his own houfe. They had brought down thirty 
 Gallies, on the notice of our Ship's lying in the Offing, either 
 out of Fear, or thinking to take a Prize, but I rather believe 
 the former, they being very jealous of their Neighbours the 
 Tonqueenen ; and the Dutch, who they can't be but confcious 
 they have dilbbliged ; Thefe Gallies carry a fmall Culverin 
 of Brafs, in the head, of 8 or 1 2 Pounders, go with 50 Oars, 
 the blades painted white, and • the upper part red, a red 
 flreak, of about 4 inches, fore and aft, above the water's edge, 
 and all above that, lackered black, the flarnes curioufly gilded 
 and carved. 
 
 The 23d I was fent for to the Uader-Difpatchadore, who 
 I found with my Scrulore before him, I having the Key, he 
 defired me to open it, and after a iecond examination returned 
 it with all what it contained, told me, they had difpatched 
 His Honour's Letter to the King, and was very inquifitive as 
 to our Cargo, of vv'hat it confided, the amount, and what 
 
 I defigned 
 
 OCHIN-CHIKA, * AlJea is Ullage In the Buimaugh, &c. as in this Kingdom. 
 
 Y
 
 7? OP.IENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 I defigned to make my returns in, &c. nuking me a Vifit In 
 the Afternoon, I defired him to fend my Letter on board, 
 with fome rcfrclhments, and caflies to fupply the Captain's 
 Wants, 'till his arrival in the Rha; which he did, 1 would 
 willingly have hired a Boat, for the Purfer to go to and fro, 
 but could not be granted. 
 
 The 24th U/!g Coy Buck Looke Deam arriving, made him 
 a Vifit. 
 
 The 25th went with a prefent of 3000 ca(hcs, according 
 
 to the Country Cufliom, he enquired of our Nation, whence 
 
 we were, the difference between us and the Dutch, and which 
 
 the moft powerful, Sec. Then of the Governor s Letter to the 
 
 King, which, he told me, none of the PaJrIs at the Court 
 
 could read, on this I produced the Portugticfe Copy, having 
 
 confulted the Padris before, by whofe affiftance it was tranflated 
 
 into Cochin-China, all but His Honotirs defire of having his 
 
 Letter forwarded to Ton queen, which they thought not 
 
 convenient ; there being mention of a prefent to the King, 
 
 he required the particulars, which producing in a paper I had 
 
 ready, he thought it too ftnall, as coming from the Governort 
 
 to which I anfwered, that His Honour had left to me -without 
 
 Limitation, and if I had made an error, as a Stranger, hoped 
 
 he would excufe it, if he be fo kind as to advife me, what he 
 
 thought proper, or necefTary, to be added ; which he feemed 
 
 unwilling, intimating that Gifts were free, but preffing it, told 
 
 me when he fee the things I mentioned, he would confider it, 
 
 and that what I then gave the King would be confidered in 
 
 the return of His Mcijefiy's Anfwer to the Governor. 
 
 CnrmvrfTf\^4 ^^^ ^^^'^ "^^"^^^ ^" ^'^^ morning, he went to fee the Ship 
 
 over the Bar, taking all imaginable care and feeing her fafc 
 
 14 at
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTOP.Y. 79 
 
 at anchor. Immediately returned, giving us Joy; in the 
 evening the Sliip moored before the Cujlotn'-boufe, being 
 towed up the River, by Fijloermen; the King forgives thcfe 
 Fijloenmn their tribute for their Service in helping in the 
 Ships. 
 
 The 27th we began to unlade, and come to their Cufiom- 
 houjes, of which there are three, in a fqi^are Cotnponiid of about 
 100 Paces over each v/ay, at the upper end, right againft 
 the Gale, (lands the largejl, in the middle of which the 
 Mandareens and Officers fctt, the other two, which are fomewhat 
 inferior, on each fide, all open to the middle of the Square, 
 on one fide of the Gate, without, is a Shed, where the Soldiers 
 watch, to fee that all goes right from the Ship, notwithftanding 
 fix or eight Waiters on board, from the time of the arrival 
 of the Ship at the IJles of Clxrmpello, which was no fmall 
 trouble to the Captain, being uneafy Guefls, here is a flrict 
 Watch kept by the People of two JlJcas, who likewife carrys 
 the Goods from the Ship to the Ci^Jlom-honfc, if any thing 
 be loft, they are accountable, for which the King frees them 
 of their 'tribute. The goods being brought and fet in t:io 
 Rows in the middle of the Square, are one by one opened 
 before the Mandareens, ftriftly examined and entered by three 
 or four feveral Perfons, what the Difpatchadores think fit, 
 they fet by for the King, the reft they give' the liberty to take 
 away, referving Mujiers of each fort, they open all Chefts, 
 Boxes, Scrutores, and whatever comes, turning every thing 
 out before them, and handing from one to other, peeping, 
 pearing, prying and enquiring the meaning and ufe of every 
 thing, very vexatious, not to mention the lofs, by begging 
 and fliifting, there being many ff'aiters and Under-Offcers 
 croudino; about. 
 
 o 
 
 CHIK-CIins\i. 
 15 After
 
 X 
 
 8o ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 After 12 days fpent in this Exercife I fell 111 of a violent 
 cold, which was a great Detriment, being not able to profccutc 
 my Journey to the Court, where the Mamlarecns were gone 
 with the Grofs of our Cargo, till 
 
 The 4th of Oclober parting from Foy Foe, travelling along 
 the Sea-fide, and over the Great Mountains, though there is a 
 much nearer way, but prohibited, for what realons I cannot 
 learn. 
 
 The 9th D? arrived at the Court of Slnoa, by the natives Ding 
 Clave, here I came to underftand that the King was entered 
 into his Tongtam, or 8th Moon, a time he fets apart for his 
 recreation, with his Chief Mandareens in the Court ; prohibiting 
 all Petitions or AddrcfTes of any Nature to be made to him, 
 which was a Second Hindrance; mean time I made my 
 Vifits to our two Difpatchadores, Ung Coy Backe Looke, and 
 Ung Cookey 1'hoo, the latter is the moft aftivc in this affair, as 
 being bred up to It ; he keeps the Books and gives Reports to 
 and from the Merchants, by way of an Eunuch ; though 
 Ung Coy Back is of greater Authority, daily attends the King, 
 in whom the King much confides, a good moral Man, and 
 of great moderation ; he, though ordered by the King, has 
 not the King's Chop as the Cuftom is, and one of the Ki..g's 
 Uncles aiming at, and pretending to the Place, makes him lax, 
 to the great Prejudice of JNIerchants ; fo that I found a Neceflity 
 of applying myfelf to Coolcy Thoo, one of a hard Face, but 
 courteous, fniooth and zcell fpoken ; he, being brought up a poor 
 boy by Un^-7'hoo Moy, (Son-in-law to this King's Grand-father) 
 betrayed his Majler, and fo came to be Chief-Difpatckadore, 
 had the Title of Ung At Coy Boe, grew great in favour, 'till 
 CocHIK-CHlXJ. a Servant, 
 
 16
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 8i 
 
 a Servant, of his bringing up, accufed him of like crimes, 
 relating to the Difpatch ; he was imprifoned, congoed, 
 tormented, his family turned out, but making Friends with 
 his Money, after many fuffrances, and the cxpeaccs and charges 
 of 50,000 Tale, was cleared, and made Under-Cujlomer or 
 Difpatchadore; he profefled great Friendfhip, and difcourfing 
 our Affair, I offered to his confiderations His Honour's 
 Propnfah of Trade ; which I had advifed about, and got fair 
 written in Portuf^ucfe, for the more ready turning into Cochin- 
 Chiiij, which he ordered to be done before him, and after 
 Examination and a fair copy, he was pleafed to fay there 
 was many Articles, though nothing but what the King might 
 grant, and he would ufe his Diligence; but was defirous to 
 know how I would confider his Trouble. We had long 
 Harangues by way of Inlinuation and Inftruction, promifmg 
 to manage all my Bufinefs to content, but the Point was 
 500 Tale for his Trouble ; after fome practice, we agreed 
 on TOO Tale certain, the Lingua affuring him the Enjlijl} 
 were not wanting in acknowledgement of good-turns, and that, 
 if he did my bufinefs, the Price of the Goods confidered, 
 and fo as to have a Difpatch in time to profecute my Voyage, 
 I would farther gratify him, according to my fmall ftock ; 
 defiring withall that he would confider the future benefit that 
 might accrue, if your Honours found encouragement to make 
 a Settlement, in fine he exprcffcd a great Rcadinefs and Good- 
 will, faying, thr.t he was already obliged, and would not be 
 wanting. 
 
 The 2d November His J^-^djeJIy fitting without his Palace, I was 
 
 led before him by Ung Cookey Thoo, with a prefent as cuftomar)-, 
 
 which fet down about 50 Paces from the King ; I there (lood, 
 
 and made my Bows, and retired ; after the Ki?ig had alked, 
 
 OCHIX-CHI'NA. what Captain it was, and given me A ja Viig, or Tbjr.k yo;' Sir, 
 
 Z ' 'He 
 
 17
 
 82 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 He fent, as cuftomary, to the Houfe where I was, a Prefent of 
 1 0,000 Cajhes, a Hog, tzi.'0 Bags of Rice, tzfo Jars of Salt Fiji), 
 and two Jars of /f^V/^. 
 
 After this, and my Prefents to the ^.een-Mother and Ki/ig*s 
 Uncles, &c. Cokey being flow with his Cnjlom-Houfe-Books and 
 Papers, I made my Application to Ung Cone Toe, the 
 2d Eunuch, to whom the Biifincfs likewife pertained, he 
 promifed fair, but I found he fided with Ung Cokey ; 
 withall I continually made my addreffes to Ung Coy 
 Back Looke, who I found very cordial, in all my pradlice 
 with him ; and after his feveral Mefl!ages to Uig Cokey, 
 and my often complaint of the expence of Time, to the 
 danger of lofing my Voyage, he advifed me to go before 
 the King, with my Propofals, promifing to be there, and take 
 the Opportunity to fpeak to the King, and forward me what 
 he could, but what with the excejfive Rains, Floods, and other 
 Impediments it was 
 
 The 27th of December, before I could offer the following 
 Propofals to His Majejly, as direded by His Honour, 
 
 ift. If it pleafe your Majejly, that the Englijh may continue 
 to trade in this Country, It is defired that your Majejly 
 confent, that at the Arrival of our Skips, we deliver 
 an Account with Mujlers of Cargoe of faid SI:ips ; that 
 what your Majejly pleafe to take of faid Cargoe, may 
 be account fent to the Cbief; defiring to be free from 
 the Difpatch, ufed in this Country to Strangers, it 
 being contrary to our Cujloms, very troublefome and 
 vexatious. But that the Chief Dijpatcbadore with his 
 Scrivans, may take Account on hard Ship, of the Cargoe, 
 Cochin-china. ^^d fee the Mufers. That we fliall be obliged to pay in 
 
 18 '»>*
 
 )CHIN-CUINJ. 
 19 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. S^ 
 
 lieu of the Cuftoms and Dotchin for every SJ/tp, that fhall 
 come into the Port to trade, 500 Tales, with what 
 more your Majejly fliall pleafe to order to the Officers 
 of the Cujlom, as their Fees. 
 
 And if it fliall happen, that any Ship in her Pajfage 
 to China, touch here to unlade any Goods, or part of 
 her Cargoe, fhall pay 200 Tale, and what fhall be unladen 
 fliall be given Account of with the Mujiers, but in 
 cafe the Ship cannot flay many days for the Arvival 
 and Difpatch of the Chief Mandareens from the Court, by 
 reafon of the latenefs of the Mqjjoon, we defire your 
 Majejly will give leave to any other Mandareen in Foy 
 Foe, to take Acco\int of what fhall be unladen, without 
 opening the Goods as the Cuflom here is. 
 
 2ly. We defire, in cafe it fliould happen that any S/:ip fliall 
 be cajl azvay in your Majejly's Ports, belonging to the 
 Eiiglijh, that it may pleafe your Majejly, what Goods 
 fliall be faved, be delivered into the hands of the Captain, 
 and that if any Sbip fhall put in here, for want of 
 Provijions or water, flie fliall not be obhged to pay 
 any Cujlom, nor detained here, but forwarded, ^^■ith 
 necelfary Provilions, for the Profecution of her 
 Voyage. 
 
 3ly. Defire a Place in Foy Foe, near the River, and another 
 at the Court of Sinoa, to build a FMoyy, and tiled Houfes 
 fecure from Fire and Robbery, as the Fnglijl: are allowed 
 in other Countries; our FaBories ufually confifling of 
 large Stocks, not to bear away on our Backs, on every 
 Accident by Fire, nor fuch lofs well to be fuftained. 
 
 4th.
 
 S4 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 4!)'. It is dcllred, that having a Faclory, your Miijcjly will 
 give lc;ivc and empower tlic Chief of the FaSlory, to 
 judge and determine all caufes of Difference, that may 
 arife between the EngliJJ} and their fcrvants, and that 
 they may not be called to Account, or judged of, by 
 the Mandareens here. We as foreigners having the faid 
 Liberty in other Countries where we trade. 
 
 5ly. That no Aldndareen, or other of the Country People, be 
 allowed to enter the FaClcry in a rude, affrontive or 
 violent manner, to lay hands on, or feize any in the 
 Facfory, and if it fhould fo happen, that the faid Perfons 
 may be feized on, and bound according to their Quality, 
 and delivered up, to the Chief Difpaichadore of the 
 jlrangers. 
 
 6!y. That in cafe of any Complaint by, or Lazvfuit with, the 
 Country People, the Englijh (hall not be obliged to anfwer 
 to any other Jujlice, than the Mar.darcen that is, or fliall 
 be, appointed over the Affairs of Foreigners. 
 
 ^ly. Having a FaSlory, it will be neceflary to be ferved by 
 a Lingua and fervants of the Country, which, is delired, 
 fliould be free from Tribute, and fervice of the Mandareens^ 
 and not fubje<5t to be fei'::,ed on, for fnldiers, but to be 
 wholly at com7Jiand of the Chief of the Facfory. 
 
 Sly. That your Majejh ifllie out your Royal Chop, to the Chief 
 of the Faclorv, for the liberty of tzvo Sinjas, to trade 
 freely to the Ports of Champa, Camboja, and Siam. 
 
 COCHIN-CHIKJ. ply. Your Majefiy confenting to and allowing of thefe 
 
 Articles. 
 
 The 
 
 ao
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. S5 
 
 The Noble Eajl- India Company will be obliged to bring, 
 
 for your Majejlys Account, fuch fort of Goods, as your Majejly 
 
 ■• fliall pleafe to defire and give Mtijlers of, at fuch rates as 
 
 fliall be agreed, between your Majejly and the Noble Eajl-India 
 
 Company, 
 
 In a Paptr by itfclf, I defired that, for this prefent Year, 
 His Majefy would be pleafed to excufe us from paying the 
 Cujioms and Dotchin. 
 
 The Anfwer was, that in Cafe of a Settlement, the Propofals 
 fliould be granted, and, if I would, might make then Choice 
 of Ground for a FaSiory, and Ung Coy Back-Looke was ordere4 
 to fliew me the Guns, about the Palace, to know if his Honour 
 could fend the King fuch Guns ? there were four that carrj'ed 
 a (liot of 6 Inches diameter ; round about the Palace were placed 
 Guns within ten feet of one another, the leafl: carrying a fhot of 
 12 <7W 8 Pounders. The Palace fecms to be a perfect Square, 
 about 500 Paces each way. 
 
 On this the Ci'Jlom-Houfe Books were produced, and the 
 King ordered immediately Payment to be made me, which was 
 done for what he took, in Gold, as I defired, but at a high 
 rate; and underftanding withall that the King had abated 
 fourteen hundred and odd Tales of the Prices that Ung Cookcy 
 had made of our Goods at the Cujlom-Houfe. 
 
 The loth January 16Q3-6, I went with a Paper, complaining 
 of the abatement and Price of the Gold; as to the Gold it 
 was anfwered, that it was the Price the King gave it to others; 
 and for the Goods he had ordered the Jappancrs to make it 
 good to me ; underftanding they had prized them for their Interef; 
 uOCHIX-CmKJ. ^^^ Officers were fent to Foy Foe to recover \.\\q Money of them, 
 
 A a fo 
 
 21
 
 $6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 fo were the Jappaners enfnarcd by the Intrigues of Ung CokeXy 
 and while I was bufy getting in my Money for the Goods 
 he had parted to the Courtiers, the Jiippaners came up wich 
 their Complaint, and 
 
 The 27th January, I went before the Kiti!^ with another 
 Paper, complaining of being delayed, to the danger of lofmg 
 ■ my Voyage ; and defiring His Majefy's further order for the 
 Payment of the Jappancr's money, underftanding they pleaded 
 poverty, but they were excufed ; and though the Kl-ig was 
 perfuadcd that the Goods were over-rated, he was pleafed to order 
 me two Bars of Gold. Ung Cay Back-Looke was ftirring in my 
 Bufinefs, and the KIuq's Letter and Prefent being prepared, 
 the Drum was beat about the Courty giving notice, that who- 
 ever did not make immediate Payment to the EngliJJi Captain, 
 fliould lofe their Offices ; however it was 
 
 The 1 7th of Febniary before I could part from this Court. 
 
 The 24th of February I arrived at Foy Foe, and then had a 
 Quantity of SaraJJes, Beteelas and MuUnds that were rejefted. 
 Befides all my Long-Cloth, Red-lFood and Brimjlone to difpofe of, 
 about 3000 Taile to inveft, and 2000 more ftanding out, 
 with confufed Accounts, as the Jappaners pleafed to make 
 them, they having parted, what they pleafed of the Goods, 
 returned from the Court, amongft them/elves, and the Under- 
 Officcrs at the Cujlom-Houje, howe\'er, being wholly bent to 
 make my Voyage, if poffible, ufed all diligence to get in, 
 difpofe, invefl, and lade the Effects, fo that by 
 
 The 24th of March I had cleared the Fa^lory and agreed 
 
 COCHJN-CHINA ^^'"'^ ^'^^ Pylots to carry the Ship down the River, and over 
 
 the Bar, it being the time of Spring T'ide, but they failing 
 
 22 by
 
 CHlN-CHiyA. 
 
 ORIEiNTAL REPERTORY. 87 
 
 by reafon of the. Fe §^an, as they faid, which is underftood 
 to be the btiftnefs of the King and Mandaree>is, and the Spring 
 I0JI ; Captain Stilgoe, confidering the If'iiuis and latenefs of 
 the Seafon, declared the hazard of the Voyage, if we were thea 
 at Sea; and fince we nnift wait 15 days more for anotlier 
 Spring, there was no probable hopes of gaining the Port of 
 Malacca ; on which advifing with Mr. Gyfford, although 
 I had made Provijion, in cafe we had been forced into any 
 Port on the Coajl, by dcfiring the Chops of the Ala-rJareeus 
 and Prirce of Champa; ' yet confidering the whole Mattec, 
 with the attending circumftances, we thought it moft advifeable 
 to remain here, till the next MoJJlon, concluded to hire another 
 FaSlory, and unlivcr the Ship. 
 
 This ' Foy Foe, is about three Leagues from the Bar, a 
 Jireet, by the River Side, with two Rons of Houfes, to the 
 number of 100 or thereabouts inhabited by the Chinef:s, except 
 four or five famihes of Jappaners, who, formerly, were the chief 
 Inhabiters and ruled the Trade of this Port ; but they being 
 diminiflied and empoveriflied, the Trade is now driven by the 
 Chincje, with ten or tivehe Junks yearly, at leaft, viz. from 
 Jappan, Canton, Siam, Camboya, Manilha, and of late from 
 Batavia. 
 
 The Jappan Junhs are not conftant, nor do they return 
 direftly, fince the Prohibition of the Exportation of Siher by 
 the Emperor of Jappan, but difpofe their Jappan Cargo in China, 
 and bring other gcods, with fuch a ^antity of Copper as 
 fufliceth the Market, keeping up the Price to 20 Ta : ^P" Pecull. 
 Thefe Ji'nks commonly touch at Lympo, from whence they 
 bring Petre, Geelo'gs and other Silks. 
 
 From 
 
 23
 
 COCIIIN-CIIINJ. 
 2 + 
 
 83 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 From Canton is brought Cajhes, of which they make a great 
 Profit, as alfo of their Jlowcred Silks of Sundry Sorts, Geeloiigs, 
 Seyas, Cbina-'ware, Tea^ "tutenagey ^ickfiher, Jenfumy Cafumbcr 
 and many forts of Drugs. 
 
 From Si AM, Pctrey Sjpai:, Lack, Necaiie, Elephant* S' 
 teeth, tin, Lead, Rice. 
 
 From Camboja, Camhoja, Benjamin, Cardimons, IFax, 
 LikIc, Nccarie, Coyalaca and Sapan JVood, I)amer, Buffalo's- 
 Ilides, Deer-Skins and Nerves, Elephant's - teeth, Rhinoceros's- 
 Horns, &c. 
 
 From Batavia, Silver, Sandall, Petre, coarfe Baftaes red 
 and zi'hite, Fennillion. 
 
 From Manilha, Silver, Brimjlone, Sapan, Conres, tobacco, 
 IVax, Deer-Nerves, Sec. 
 
 Cochin - China affords, Gold, Iron, Raw and wrought 
 Silks, as Li,!gs, Shues, Hackings, theas, Holas, Chemttnges, 
 tafficlears, Callauiback, Agula, Sugar, Sugar Candy, Jagary, 
 Bird's Nrjls, Pepper, Cotton. 
 
 Their ta/c is accounted by CaJ}:es, one thonfand of which, 
 as they call it, makes the tak; ten Mafs, the thoufand; and 
 fixty Cafies xXxtMafs; fo fix Cafjes make the Candareen, and 
 600 the thoufand or talc. 
 
 The Silk and Cloth meafure is 224. Inches, anfwerable to the 
 tirnquecn ; For ihc'ir Lotcbin and Ballance they ufe that of 
 Jatpan. 
 
 As
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 89 
 
 (1650?) As to the Dutch, it is now near 46 years fince they left the 
 
 Country ', the manner is varioiifly reported ; fome fay that the 
 King ordering their Ships to be fearched for "Tonquee/iers, or his 
 oiuj/i People (which he doth not fuffer to go out of his Couat/y,) 
 and the Dutch refufing to be fearched, bred a quarrel ; others 
 fiy that the Sailors bred a quarel with the People of Cbampello, 
 and forced feveral of them off the IJle, carrying them on board, 
 their Ships; but certain it is, that on a quarrel, the Dutch, 
 with three Ships lying in the offing, between turong Bay and 
 the Court River, from whence the King fent his Gallies ; the 
 Dutch firfl firing, they began 2. fight, which lafled the whole day; 
 in the Action the biggejl of the Dutch Ships was loft, how many of 
 the Gallies I know not, but the King was fo difpleafed, that he 
 ordered their FaSlory to be feized, the Goods turned out and 
 burnt ; above 30 Dutch, belonging to t\\e. fa5iory, were bound and 
 carried up to Court, to be executed ; but the Mandareens inter- 
 ceeding, telling the King the fault was not theirs, but thofe 
 that belonged to the Ships, they were fent to B.itavia the 
 year following on the China Junks, 
 
 The Government of Cochin-China, is the fame with 
 ToNQi'^EEX, they being a branch of that Nation; and to this 
 day all their Papers are dated in fuch a Moon of fuch a year of 
 the Reign of the Booa of To>:qj'EEN ; fo that their quarrel is 
 not againft the Booa, or Kir.g, but the Chcz:-a or General, of 
 whofe family the Kings of Cochin-Cuina, are Rightful 
 heirs-Males, as thus : 
 
 The/r/? that governed Cochin-China, called Chczva Tcan, 
 
 was the only Son of the Chezva of Tonqi-een, who d)ing left 
 
 this Son, a Child, with the Militia of the Kingdom (till his Son 
 
 'rtruTN rTTJ\4 ^^™^ ^° -^g^) ^'^ ^^ governed by one of the chief iMandareens, 
 
 to whom he had married his Daughter. This ManJareen, 
 
 2,i B b having
 
 9° 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 havintr the Government :it Command, defigned privily to 
 make away his Young Brother-in-law, but his IVife, having 
 notice of his Cruelty, hid her brother, till fiich time as flie 
 wrought on her hufiand to fend him Governor of Cochin- 
 Chin a, then of little Account with the 7o»^«iv/,tT J. This 
 
 Cke^va Tean, accompanied by feveral of the better Sort to 
 his Government, remained quiet for his time, and after, his 
 Son 
 
 Chezi-a Say, only encrcafing their fmall Province by encroach- 
 ing on the Chdtnpas, 'till 
 
 Chewa Thung, ftrengthening himfelf, refufed Tribute to 
 the Chewa of Ton que en, and defending himfelf againft 
 their Power, took the Title of Cotick-Cung-Cheue-Chrwe-Thew 
 Boe, which is, Rejlorer of the Kingdom, Generalijimo at Sea and 
 Land; after him 
 
 C1644?) Chewa Mean, maintained zjlrong liar againft the Tonqueeners; 
 
 he brought Nock Ramajs, the Rebel King, from Camboja to his 
 Court, his Aid being defired by Nock Boo Toom, he over-ran 
 Champa ; in his time the broil happened with the Dutch, he 
 fettled the Kingdom, bringing /,', to what it now is, and after 
 44 )'ears Reign, left it to his Son. 
 
 ( ^^R "^ Chewa Gnay, about the Year 88 or 89, he defigning to 
 
 open a Port of free Trade in his Country, fcnt to invite the 
 
 Dutch, and other trading nations; but dying before his Em- 
 
 bajfadors returned, left the Government to his Son, that now 
 
 reigns who writes himfelf. 
 COCHIH-CHINA. 
 
 26 Ki"S
 
 OPvIENTAL P.EPERTORY. 91 
 
 A7»^ of the Kingdom of Aynam, a Toung Prince much ruled 
 by his Uncles, of which he has four by the Mother s fide, three 
 of them are feated about the Palace, and govern his Guards. 
 The two Eldefi are known by the 27//;?/ of Ung Taa and Ung 
 How, and are the Jufiices on the right and left hand ; They have 
 no War, and feem to be dcfirous of Correjpondence with Europe 
 nations', and io the Cha;npas, whofe Prince I met at this 
 Court, and was pleafed to vifit me at his Departure, and give 
 me his Chop, with many Invitations to his Country. 
 
 Here I alfo met the Embajfador of Camboja, who com{)lained 
 of the Ufage and Trouble the Cochin-Chinefe gave to Foreigners ; 
 and promifed better treatment in his Country, where the 7rj£/<r 
 is free of Impofition or Cufiorns ; a correfpodence here with the 
 Lazis, probably, may be a way to difpofe of fome quantity of 
 our broad-Cloth. This Country is faid to be rich in mines of Gold 
 and Silver, as well as Iron and Steel which comes behind none; 
 fuch Plenty of Timber of all forts, that the Spaniards from 
 Manilha have fent hither to build their Galleons ; The /Foo^j 
 abound with Rhinocerofes, Elephants, Deer, Buffaloes, Wild Hoo-, &r. 
 They have Rice and all fi)rts of Proiifions in or^rt/ abundance. 
 The /)fo/)/^ given up to Juperftition and £^;/?. Here I prefume 
 will be Ground granted for a Fort, or any thing that can be 
 defired, how conveniently it lyeth for drawing the Trade of all 
 theje Tarts, or what benefit may accrue to the Right Honourable 
 Company by a Settlement here, I refer to your judicious and 
 mature confiderations, as being 
 
 Honourable Sir and AYorthv Gentlemen, 
 Your mofl faithful and obedient Servant, 
 
 COCHIN-CHIKA. Fey Foe, Apr. 30th. 1696. Tho. Bowyear. 
 
 27 Tra:flate
 
 92 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Trdnjlaie of The King of Cochin-China's Letter fent to 
 the EngliJ/j Governor of the C//>' of Madrajpatam in India, 
 rendered into Latin from the Chinefe Ckaraders. Received 
 2d April 1697. 
 
 The King of the Kingdom of Aynam returns this Anfcvcr to 
 the Englijh Governor in India, who is of the fiipreme and 
 fecret Council of the Ki.g. 
 
 Our Ho/y Book fays, the fedr of Heaven preferves Kingdoms, 
 and the heart of a truly wife Man carries in itfelf the Right Rule 
 of gaining the Friendfiip and procuring Leagues with the Neigh- 
 bouring Nations, nor is there any bufinefs too diflicult for a Man 
 of a found Judgement ; and who earneflly endeavour at Piety, 
 will eafily attain to that Goodnefs, to that brightnefs of it, and 
 as may be faid to that Spring of Virtue. 
 
 Supreme Governor and Princely Courfellour who reprtTents the 
 Chief Per/on of the fVeJlern Jxis, which receives its Name from 
 the Northern Pole hanging over it, The Englijlo who perfciflly 
 iinderftand whatfoever is contained in the book of the Jix 
 Sheaths, and the three Orations, fo called amongft us, and con- 
 taining wholefome Dodrine, Who have the Strength apd 
 Courage of the Bear, and the "figer, and the Panther ; who 
 induflrioufly nourifli the Military Art, and the Maihematicks, 
 and perfectly underftand not only the Heavens, but the Earth, 
 the IVinds, the Clouds, and the Airy Regions, whofe under- 
 ftanding reaches the Sun, and whbfe hands are able to fuftain the 
 Firmament, who are fo very careful in choofing Governors, and 
 ruling their /ul>}e£is, in the Pro.'eoiing of their people ; in giving 
 Cochin CHINJ ^"''°'' ^° S''^'^^ ^"'^ PForthy Men-, in kindnejs to Foreigners; who 
 manaoe themfelvcs fo regularly in thofe other nine Rules of 
 28 Government, and although the Didance from us hinders our 
 
 perfonal
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 93 
 
 peifonal conveifation, yet our minds are never feperated from 
 you in affecftion and efteem. 
 
 Not many Months fince one came, whom 
 
 The fupreme Governor and Kingly Cour.fdlor fent on piirpofc 
 to Us, and who was Captain of a Shipy and called Bowyear, who 
 brought into this our Kingdom, a Packet of Letters with Gifts 
 and prefents (which was a great favour). The Piety, The 
 Behaviour, The Fidelity, and the tVMtXy folid Jitjiice of that Deputy 
 are not Marks of an inferior Per/on. 
 
 Now we return you as an Anfwer to thofe Letters, and 
 with them fend fome prefents to 
 
 The fupreme Governor and kingly Counfelhr, as bringino- a fmall 
 Memorial of our true affe5fion ; As to what related to the Mer- 
 chandizes brought in that Ship, we referred them to our Minifters, 
 to be viewed, and examined, in order to the fale of them, 
 according to the Current Price of this year, for it is not our 
 Nature to do any thing clandcftinely, as to the tryal rclatino- to 
 the Ship, and what we were to receive, and other things of 
 that Nature that were in controverfy, the Seafon, and oppor- 
 tunity of this year are now paffed, but if the Ship returns, 
 this next year, we will freely grant them all Things and intro- 
 duce a new Method of Trade, that, making ufe of the riches 
 that are under Heaven, we may gain the Love of all the 
 Nations, both of the Northern and South.ern Climates, with 
 COCHIN-CHINJ. ^^''' ''' ^'"^ *"^"^' oflerings, viz. 
 
 ^9 Co Calamback
 
 94 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Calamback . i Europe Pound. 
 
 Gold . . . lo P«. of the lame Pound. 
 
 Silk . . . 30 Ps. 
 
 Wood of a fine Grain 200 Pieces. 
 
 Dated the 12th day of the 12th Month of the i6th Year 
 Chink-hca, (which happens on the 16th day of January 
 New Stile.) 
 
 Note. This Letter is throughout very friendly written. And 
 it is to be obferved as a mark of Great Honour, to begin a new 
 Paragraph, wherefoever the Name of the Lord Governor, (who is 
 filled the Supreme Governor s.nd Kingly Comfdlour) is mentioned. 
 
 Cochin-china. 
 
 30 Ak
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 93 
 
 An Account of the Grofs Produce of the different Grain 
 fown in Common and Ufual Fields in the Diflricl of 
 Fizagapatam. 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 
 Seeds Sown. 
 
 Grofs Produce 
 
 
 Names of Grains. 
 
 
 Cunchums. 
 
 Cunchums. * 
 
 
 Paddy . 
 
 * » • 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 Nachiny or 
 
 Solloo 
 
 
 
 70 
 
 
 Samaloo 
 
 • • • 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 Ganteloo 
 
 « » • 
 
 
 
 120 
 
 
 Korraloo 
 
 • • • 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 
 Voodeloo 
 
 • * • 
 
 
 
 60 
 
 
 Jonnaloo 
 
 * . * * 
 
 
 
 80 
 
 
 Defakeloo 
 
 • • • 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 Allafcndaloo 
 
 . (Gram) . 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 Canduloo 
 
 . (D?) . 
 
 
 
 200 
 
 
 Voolavaloo 
 
 . (or Horfe Gram) 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 Pafaloo 
 
 . (Gram) . 
 
 • 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 Anumviloo 
 
 . (D?) . 
 
 . 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 Bobberloo 
 
 . (Gram) ► 
 
 • 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 Amudauloo 
 
 . (Lamp Oil Seeds) 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 Minumuloo 
 
 . (Gram) . 
 
 • 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 Sannagaloo 
 
 . (D?) . 
 
 • 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 Nuvooloo 
 
 . (Gingedy Oil Seeds) 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 Aulloo . 
 
 • • • 
 
 • 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 Flirty . 
 
 . (or Cotton Se 
 
 cds) 
 
 
 I Maund 
 
 
 
 
 of Cotton. 
 
 TSCELLANEOVS. 
 
 37 
 
 9 
 
 
 Number 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 le P. 36. Or. Rep. 
 
 * ACi 
 
 nchumis 7I Seers, 
 
 each Seer 
 
 , nearly 24 Oz 
 
 . Averd.
 
 96 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Number of grains, amounting to 12,463, counted on 105 
 different Stalks of Paddy, at Vlza^^apatam, in 1787, by 
 Claud Russell, Efqr. 
 
 Number of grains of Rice. 
 
 
 177 
 
 88 
 
 186 
 
 130 
 
 144 
 
 147 
 
 
 089 
 
 124 
 
 ^05 
 
 '37 
 
 167 
 
 1 48 
 
 
 0S9 
 
 170 
 
 029 
 
 13s 
 
 109 
 
 ' 0:) 
 
 
 058 
 
 52 
 
 141 
 
 065 
 
 129 
 
 198 
 
 
 208 
 
 ^33 
 
 116 
 
 140 
 
 089 
 
 053 
 
 
 H3 
 
 131 
 
 137 
 
 125 
 
 135 
 
 140 
 
 
 145 
 
 109 
 
 143 
 
 092 
 
 114 
 
 072 
 
 
 071 
 
 1 10 
 
 058 
 
 °55 
 
 I02 
 
 096 
 
 
 117 
 
 124 
 
 104 
 
 085 
 
 059 
 
 148 
 
 
 056 
 
 o8i 
 
 U7 
 
 178 
 
 110 
 
 127 
 
 
 -u 2,20 
 
 081 
 
 102 
 
 154 
 
 094 
 
 ■ 107 
 
 
 151 
 
 124 
 
 160 
 
 174 
 
 057 
 
 106 
 
 
 147 
 
 ^33 
 
 051 
 
 134 
 
 123 
 
 082 
 
 
 157 
 
 075 
 
 121 
 
 1 10 
 
 116 
 
 134 
 
 
 lOI 
 
 22 ^ 
 
 110 
 
 063 
 
 121 
 
 123 
 
 
 077 
 
 148 
 
 107 
 
 074 
 
 °5S 
 
 ^3S 
 
 ZnSCELLJNEOUS. 
 
 -_ 028 
 114 
 
 051 
 048 
 
 III 
 
 107 
 
 040 
 
 122 
 
 189 
 
 Total 12,463
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 97 
 
 Letter concerning the Negrais Expedition; and concerning 
 the adjacent Countries, * 
 
 23d June, 17,-9. 
 
 An the Year 1753, an Expedition to fettle at Negrais was 
 undertaken ; As the particular Motives, for this Scheme, were 
 communicated only to a Secret Committee, of thefe, or the 
 P/nn laid down, if there was any, I can therefore fay 
 nothing, -j- 
 
 Of the Conduift and Confequences of the Expedition, I 
 am enabled to give you more information : But before I do 
 this, it may afford you fome entertainment to receive a brief 
 Account of feveral attempts, made, in ancient times, towards 
 an EJlabUpoment in this Country, fo far as I have been able to 
 meet with any Records. 
 
 This Account muft neceffarily be obfcure, from the want 
 of compleat Memoirs, but I hope it will contain fome things 
 you may not have heard ; and perhaps indeed what you will 
 find few, if any, capable to inform you of, as my Information 
 
 was 
 
 * The Aiithoiities quoted, B denotes Capt. George Baker. H B the 
 late Mr Henry Biookc, and T P The decealed Capt. Thomas Powne)-, 
 
 -j- I received from my deccafed FricnJ, Govirr.or SannJcrs, fome years 
 after my return to England in 1765, A Paper, which fccms to have been the 
 Founilaiioii of the Kegrah Rxpeditioii ; I cannot tell who was the Author of 
 this Paper ; perhaps Mr. 7/'»w«i TVij-Zor, who, 1 have been informed, was at 
 "NcgraU'va. 174.. in H. M. Ship Exeter; bur, I have he;ird x reported, it 
 was Capt. Burton who recommended to The Court of DircilarSy That a 
 'A and PEGU- Settlement rtiould be made at Ncgrais. I fliall print the Paper received from 
 Covc'rnor Sauiiikrs. 
 
 Dd
 
 98 ORIENTAL REPERTOP^Y. 
 
 was derived from mufty Volumes of old R£Coids, which had 
 flept undifturbed for above half an Age. 
 
 In the beginning of the 17th Century, it appears, both 
 EngliJI: and Dutch, liad confiderable Commerce in the Bilrayhmab * 
 Dom/uons; the E:i^I:/Ij had Eftablifiments at Syrian, at Prcm, 
 at Ava ; and on the borders of China ; probabJy at Prammoo ; 
 The Dutch, by an Infcriptiott, in Teu/o.iick Characters, lately 
 found at Negrais, on the Tomb of a Du.'ch Colonel, who died 
 in 1607, 'i' ^PP^^r then to have had Pofleffion of that IJland, 
 of which the Natives are faid to have an obfcure Tradition.. 
 
 On fome difpute with the Btiraghmah Government, the Du'ch 
 threatened (if they did not even attempt) to bring in the 
 Chinefe ; This very jufkly gave umbrage to the Bilra^hmah, 
 who immediately turned both Englijh and Dutch out of his 
 Dominions; many years elapfed before the EngliJJj could obtain 
 leave to return; and the Dutch never were re - admiued.^ 
 Could the Relations of thofe times be obtained, we fliould 
 have a better knowledge of the higher Country, than the future 
 Exper'ie,:ce of Europeans will permit, as their Eftablilhments 
 never reached fo far up, fince that Period : Probably it was 
 at this time Thevenot's Drai'glt of the Ava River, by the 
 Dutch, was made ; and having mentioned this, I imagine 
 it may be agreeable to you to be informed, the Sheet Jaid to 
 be waniing, is, I am well affured, to be fupplied by unitfhg 
 thofe that remain, as the intermediate fpace is merely imaginary, 
 or, if there be any chafm, it is only of a very fmall tract 
 neceflary to unite them. 
 
 The 
 
 Jlf'A and PEGU. * This is the Name by which the Buraghmahns diftinguifh their^oiintiy, 
 
 in which gh is founded like ch, harfli ; wc commonly called it Burmagh. 
 
 2 
 
 f qu? if not 1627.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 99 
 
 The exaft year, of our Admiflion into, or Expulfion from, 
 this Country, does not appear, from any Memoirs I have feen; 
 though there is, in them, fome reafon to conjediire, the lad 
 happened before the middle of the 1 7th Century, 
 
 [It may be here proper to obferve that TJ/is Country contains 
 tzvo Nations, the Bilraghmahns, and Peguers ; 
 
 r 
 
 The Peguers reiemble the Malays, in their appearance and 
 difpofition, though more induftrious ; they cut their hai 
 round before, and the back-part, from their ears to the crown of 
 their Head, ia fliaved in a Semicircle. 
 
 The Buravhnmhns have more fimilitude to the Arabians in 
 
 O 
 
 their features \ but are darker in complexion than the Pegmrs; 
 The Biiraghinahns are much more numerous than the Peguers, 
 and more addicled to Commerce ; Evea in Pegu their Numbers 
 are 100 to i : They punduate thcmfelves, and, by rubbing 
 Gunpowder ^ into the wound, give fuch marks as remain ever 
 after ; They are of a tawny complexion, though the women 
 who are not much expofed, if not white, are at leaft fair ; 
 The common women undergo all drudgery, and are very 
 homely. 
 
 The men are lufly, and particularly paint their Thighs, as 
 
 has been obferved, not in figures of Bcajh, &c. as would 
 
 feem, but like the Meaugis. ^ 
 
 There 
 
 ' Ai^other Mem"' i;i}S Dammer, which is more prob;ib!e. 
 
 * Dumpier, in lis dcfcrpti-.n of the Prince of Mcarigis, fays " He was 
 
 " painted all down the Brcaft, between hii ftiouldcrs behind ; on his Thighs 
 
 " (moftly) bi;forc ; and in the form of feveral broad Rings, or Bracelet.-^ 
 
 " round his Arms and Legs. I cannot liken the Drawings to any Figure 
 
 *' of Animals or the like ; but they were very curious, full of great vaiiefy 
 
 tfA ojid PEGU " °f L'nes, Flourlflics, chequered Woik, &c. keeping a very gracetuL 
 
 " proportion, and appearing very artiricial, even to wonder, efpeci.illy that 
 
 5 " upon and between his Shoulder Blades." 
 
 J3ampilr, Vol. I. p. 514.
 
 loo ORIENTAL REPERTORY. ' 
 
 There is another People in this Country called Carlaiiners, 
 whiter than either, dillinguinied into Buraghnch and Pegu 
 Carianners; they live in the -woods, in fmall Societies, of 
 lo or 12 boi'/es ; are not wanting in indiiftry, though it goes 
 no farther than to procure them an annual fubfiftence. 
 
 They are remarkable for their perfeB morality, but have no 
 apparent Religion : When afked if they believed the exijlence 
 of any Superior Being, they replied, that the Biiraghmah 
 and Pegu Tallopins told them fo, but that they knew nothing 
 about It. 
 
 It is cuflomary with them to place a Duck, or Fowl, with 
 feme rice, upon the grave of every deceafed perfon ; when 
 afked on this alfo, they give no reply, but that it is cuftomary. 
 When any perfon dies they abandon the houfe, and build 
 another. ^] B 
 
 The Firfl; Dominion, the Buragl.viiahns had over Peg!?, was 
 about 300 Years ago, ^ when called in againfl: Siam ; but the 
 Pcguers never had any Authority over the Ava Dominions 'till 
 above a Century after,*^ when having thrown oft' the Buraghmah 
 2'(ike, and reduced the then indepcndant flates of Dalla, Marta- 
 van, &c. They marched to Ava and were very near taking that 
 Capital, however in that they failed ; and being then ag^ain 
 fubdued ; it is the common report,'' in that Country, that only 
 
 7 Peguers 
 
 • Between [ ] wns not in the Original Letter; but now infeited from 
 fome Notes of the fiirae period. 
 
 ' i. e. about 145^. 
 A f^' J anil PEGU. c About 1 50 years ago, i c. about 1609. B. 
 
 A '' The cxprcifun was " in the mouth of every CLi'd." S
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. loi 
 
 7 Pcgi'.ers, of each fex, were fived from a General Majfaae thit 
 enfiied : It cannot be imagined that after fo general a Deftrudion, 
 they could for a long time make head againil the Bnra^ol'nia'.ns, 
 and indeed I can find no traces of any Revolt 'till 1740, in 
 which year, being fupported from Siam, a Body of Uiany 
 thoufand Peguers and their Allies, entered Syrian on the ^th 
 December, and maflacred the Bihaph/jiahns of every Age, Se:c 
 and Condition ; the fame was done in the Provinces of tavay, 
 Marlavan, Tongoo and Prone (or Trom ^) where the Buraglniah 
 Government was cftablifhed, fo that the conqueft of Aia, the 
 only Place left, was thought certain ; Simento the Tcgu Chief, 
 who was made King, having heard of this fuccefs, fent a Letter 
 to the Englifl: Refident, advifing him of the Motives which 
 had induced them to rife at all hazards, viz. The grievous 
 Oppreffions the Peguers laboured under ; and the mailtcre, of 
 them and the Siamefe, intended by the Biiraghmah Government. 
 
 In 1 741, a Narrative of the Progrefs of the PFar, from the 
 commencement of Hoftilities to that time, was tranfmitted to 
 Fort St. George ; but from having no opportunity to recur to 
 That Narrative, I can fay nothing of the War 'till 1 743 ; 
 On the loth November the Biiraghmahns regained Syrian, the 
 Peguers having deferted it; but on the 13th the Pegu Jrmv 
 returned and put the Bi'traghimhns to flight ; As the Faaoi-y was 
 now withdrawn, I cannot give you any Account of what followed, 
 farther than that Hoftilities continued, generally with ill fuccefs 
 on the part of the Btlraghmahns, 'till April 1752; when Ava 
 was taken : This is the commencement of the yEra of the Pegu 
 Dominion over Ava, as the King was made Prijoner, and the 
 
 Empire 
 
 * Generally fuppofed the Limits between Bt'ragl^mah and Peg.-,, but by 
 ■A and PEGU. "^''^'^ changing its Mafters, it was fometimes reckoned the &;,//. Limit 
 of Jva, and fometimes the North Limit of Pcsu, 
 
 5 E e
 
 TOZ 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Empire overturned ; however the Pegu Affairs gradually declinetr 
 from this time, 'till Oflober 1754,^ when thej^ put the Captive 
 King to death ; Thenceforward they hurried to dcftiuftion, as 
 that Event joined all the Bi'iraghmabns under the Banner of their 
 Antagoiiifl, whofc fuperior Courage and Conduft completed the 
 Conquefl: by taking Pegu in 1757. ^ 
 
 After this Digreflion, concerning the Revolution of Govern- 
 ment, let me return to what propofcd. 
 
 I can find no Traces of any Attempt towards a re-cftablidi- 
 
 ^°CorfulSX' "^^"^ '" ^^^^ Country, from our Expulfion, to the year 1680, 
 
 1680. P. 15 £^ 28. when fettling there was taken under Confideration : From the 
 
 Records of thefe times it appears fome trading Veflcls went 
 
 thither antecedent to this Period ; The Perfon then cntrudtd 
 
 with the management of the Affair, which was fcarcely a Public 
 
 Undertaking, had belonged to thefe ; It was his Opinion, that 
 
 D? . 16S1. P. 4. an European, fent thither with Prefcnts, might eafily fucceed : 
 
 As it was not purfued with nxich earneftnefs, I can find no 
 
 farther progrefs 'till 
 
 o io T^ f. 1684. When one Dod, trading thiiher, was intruded to 
 Letters Sent, 16S4, 1 .306, ^ . 
 
 enquire into the Conimerce, and Terms, which might be obtamed ; 
 and as a ftrong defire was now exprcffed of obtaining a Settlement 
 at Pramawo, on the Confines of China, I have been induced 
 Confultations, 16S4, ^q fuppofc. This was the Place (though I cannot determine its 
 fituation) at which we had formerly an EtUblifliment. 
 
 In 
 
 • I find :i Mem".' fays 0«5tobcr i 753 ; and that He was t'ae 35 in diredt 
 
 Line ot that Family, in a period of 375 years (137S). Another Line of 
 
 Piinces before that, for time immemorial. B 
 jirj and PEGU. 
 
 ^ " III the cni of May, cr bcrjinn'nj of June laft," Letter from. 
 
 6 Capt. Miller »\. Xi-grals, dated 12th September, 1757.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 103 
 
 "p" 7'."°"^' ' ^' ^'^ '^^5' l^liis J5c)./ arrived with Papers from Pkcu, and 
 
 Iters Received, 1685. returned thither with farther Inftruftions. 
 
 P 52. 
 ronfaltations, P. 46. 
 
 But in 1686, All tlioughts of fettling were given up, as they 
 
 infiiled, very rcafonahly, that fome Perfon of confcqucncc flioiild 
 
 Confultations, 16S6. , ,- t • • r r a • 1 1 tx . 
 
 1'. ^. be lent : ac this time a Letter from Ava was received by Doa. 
 
 fultations, P. 72, irj'. Howevcr there was now a Rcfohition taken to fettle at Negr^h, 
 ' *' ' '■^"' confidered at this time as part of the Arrakan Dominions, and a 
 Sloop was accordingly fent to make a Survey of it; but, lofing 
 her PalTagc, flie returned, which prevented the Expedition. 
 
 I can't help here mentioning that about this time Clvi-l 
 Diffenfions having been carried to great lengths in the Dominions 
 of Arrakan, The King to be rid of the vexation, occafioned by 
 the Difpofition of his Subjcds, endeavoured to bring the Moors 
 mto \\\s Ki>igdoy>i, which he was folicitous to- relinquifli-; and, to 
 cffc'it rhis, made application to Governor Tale, at Madrczjs, for 
 his Interceffion with the Moors. You cannot but perceive v.-hat 
 a different Figure we now cut, and muft be fenfible that on fuch 
 a Propofition, at prefcnt, we would interfere as Principals ; 
 But although our Military Force was then fo contemptible, and 
 our Political View&fo narrow, it appears the Perfons in Admi- 
 niftration, at that time, cultivated a more extenfive Correfpon- 
 dence, and intimate Connedion, with the Indian Powers than 
 we do now. 
 
 ^oiirultatKins, 1687, I" 1687, Captain JVeldon, with whom Dampier mentions to 
 
 ^'' '^'^* have made a Voyage to Tonqjteen, went in the Curtaiui to 
 
 MergKi, to declare Wax againft Siam. In his return he touched 
 
 ^t Negrais, of which he made a SHrvey; and having deftroyed 
 
 fome Sicvnefc hijcriptions, and Hi'lts, took pofleffion of the IJland ; 
 
 7 hojiled
 
 p. 21, 25. 
 
 104 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 hoifted Colours, and left anlnfcrlption, on Tin, of his Proceedings. 
 In this \'oyage he furveyed the N'uobars alfo, which Survey, 
 with the H'ljlory of them by a Span'ip Priejl, who had refided 
 there many years, was fent to The Company, and may pofiibly 
 be ftill extant. 
 
 In 16CS, A Letter was received from the Government of 
 Syrian, profcfllng great Friendlhlp, and inviting to a Settlement, 
 Conliltaiions, 1688, which was taken under Confideration, and many Arguments 
 virgcd to The Company in favour of it, though this Projc<fl: was 
 rejected by them, through preference to Cbati^^an, againft 
 which an Expedition was then intended. It is remarkable that 
 in the Letter abovemcntioned, the Ciiy and E?Jipire of Ava, is 
 filled Alla. 
 
 All thoughts of eftablifliing here fcem to have dropped 'till 
 1695; when, during the Adminiftration of Mr. Higgi>ifo;i, one 
 Mr. Eihi'ivrd Fleetwood was fent thither, the Journal of his 
 TranfaSlioiis \\Ci% tx:in(m\x.ttd to Europe in 1697, but 1 have not 
 been able to meet any Detail of them. * 
 
 In this Year, 1697, Mr. Thomas Bozvjear, whofc curious 
 Voyage to Cochin China is ftill extant, -j~ was fent to Syrian, in 
 the Charafter of Refident, fo that it appears fome Prizikdges had 
 been obtained, but what they were I can give you iio Infor- 
 mation. 
 
 In 1709, Mr. Richard Allanfan (mentioned by Hamillon, under 
 the name of AUiJoa) went on an Embajfy to Ava ; with a Letter 
 from the f-^mous Diamond-Governor Pitt. Hamillon s Account 
 
 of 
 
 A FA and PEGU. 
 8 
 
 * His Diary cxifts at the India HoLife, 1791. J2) 
 f Printed in Oriental Repertory, N? I.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 105 
 
 of his Obfervations, is all I have met with regardhig his Journey, 
 and therefore refer you ro chat Book ; which, though generally 
 " extremely partial, where our own Governments are concerned, 
 in other Things, except when under the influence of fuper- 
 ftition, is well worth attentive perufal. 
 
 It does not appear that from this time, (when, it is prefumed. 
 Articles of Commerce were agreeci upon) to the year 1744, the 
 Factory was ever withdrawn, but as the ReJiJ.ens were, in 
 good meafurc, mere Supervifors of the Private Trade, and not 
 immediately in the Service of The Company (who have had 
 no Commerce, in this Empire, fince their Expulfion in the 17th 
 Century) There is hardly any Information to be obtained 
 from Public Records during this Period, fo that I have fcarce 
 been able to coUedl any thing worthy Atiention, from t'ne 
 Records of almoft a Century. There was indeed (as I have 
 been confidently afTured) a compleat Difcription of this Empire, 
 written by one of thefe Refidents, named Tornery, but whether 
 it be now extant is much to be queftioned : It has been faid 
 Mr. Foivke got it into his poffeflion ; I hope, if that Gentleman 
 is really in poflefllon of fo curious a Work, he will not deprive 
 the Public for ever of fo valuable an Acquifition. 
 
 When the Pcguers conquered Syrian, in 1740, none of the 
 Europeans were molefted, and, in the Letter above-mentioned, 
 the King gave the Rejident the ftrongeft aflurances that the 
 Strangers fiiould not be touched ; In reply to this, the Rcfident 
 obfervcd to him, that as Strangers were only Merchants, they 
 confidered themfelves under the proteftion of the ruling Pozver, 
 Avhether Pegu or ofber : The Perfons who conveyed this reply, 
 were kindly received at Pegu, by the nezv King, who importuned 
 the Rcfident to make him a I'ifit, and propofed that he fliould 
 'A and PEGU, have the Regulation of the Port-Charges and Cujloms, which 
 
 , Ff it
 
 To6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 it was then imagined might be reduced for Strangers to 5 ^ Cenr. 
 The Ltbcrly to build Ships, free of the exoibitant Prefcnts, 
 formerly exadled, and Permiffion to export all kind of Goods 
 were alfo promilcd : But fo far were the Pcgners from keeping 
 their word, that the Fd8ory was burnt to the gronndy when they 
 entered Syrian the fecond time, in confequence of which the 
 Rcfident withdrew. 
 
 Living Teftimony places the Charaifler of Mr. Smart, the 
 Refident, in an infamous Light, and taxes him with having in- 
 volved the Ei'glifo in the difpute, between thcfe blood-thirfly 
 Parties, in neither of whom could any Confidence be placed ; as- 
 the favage difpofition, common to all Civil Wars, is in thiiy 
 perhaps, more brutal, than in any other Country. 
 
 I have nov/ endeavoured to give you a fketch of the Attempts 
 made towards an Ellablilhment in this Country, before the late 
 one, which I fliall now Iludy to explain to you, as far as 1 
 am able. 
 
 But, to convey an idea of the Vahe of any EJlablifiments here,. 
 it will be requifite to take a brief View of this, and the adjacent 
 Kingdoms, 
 
 The genuine title of the prefint King, which here follows, 
 was tranlcribed from a Tranjlation of two Letters, the one to 
 His Miijejly, wi itten on a Leaf of Virgin Gold, the other, oa 
 Piipcr, to The Company, fcnt from Ava in i757» 
 
 " The King defpotick, of great Merit, of great Power, 
 
 ** Lord of the Countries, Thonahpronda, Tomp Devah, 
 
 J FA and PEGU. " andCAMBojA, Sovereign of the Kingdom of Bukaghmah, 
 
 ♦' the Kingdom of Siam and Hughen, and the Kingdom 
 
 10 ,c ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 107 
 
 *' of Cass AY. Lord of the Mines of Ridits, Gold, Silver, 
 " Copper, Iron, and Jmkr ; Lord of /finite. Red, and Spotted 
 " Elephants, Lord of the Fital Go/den Lance, Lord of many 
 " Goklen Palaces, and of all tliefe Kingdoms, Grandeurs and 
 " IFcalth, whofe Royal Perjeti is dcfcended from the Nation 
 " of the Sun," 
 
 I (hall not offer to determine the fituation of thcfe fevcral 
 Countries, fince none, I have converfed with, know even the 
 Names of the two firft : Camboja and Siam are well known; 
 HuGHEN, by being joined to Siam, may perhaps be what we call' 
 Laos, which is faid, by the Chinefe, to be tributary to Ava ; 
 and to be governed by a Prince, defcended from SiamT 
 Cassay lays to the NWeftward of Ava, and to the EaRward 
 of Azem. 
 
 In regard to the title he derives from Elephants, it may be 
 obferved, that The Ifl.ite Elephant, is rather an Object of Defire 
 than PcJeJJion : There is a Report, current amongft them, 
 that the Divinity appeared on a white Elephant; and an Oracular 
 Tradition, that He who is poffeffed of fuch, (hall have the 
 Dominion, jure divino ; Hence, fince they cannot fnd, they 
 endeavour to make a /d'7yite Elephant, by frequently rubbing oft' 
 the Hair, which produces a whitifli Scurf; and by the help of 
 imagination, and adulation, this pafles for the true -zd-ite- 
 Elephant — The prefent grew white, as Allaum Prazv grew great, 
 and after the completion of the Emperors Conqitejl, He became 
 perfeclly white as Sdo-du. 
 
 I can^t help taking Notice of another Prophecy, iinivcrfally 
 
 received, (which greatly impeded any Grant from the Pegu 
 
 ''A and PEGU. Government, though the Buraghmah Prince feems to defpife it) 
 
 It is a Report, that, about this Period, a Nation wearing Hats, 
 
 fliall 
 
 II
 
 io8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 flmll conquer the Empire, and overthrozv the Government. — 
 I mention this, that I might have an Opportunity of obferving, 
 that in all Countries, there are Vttlgar Prophecies which will enfure 
 fuccefs to the Politician, who is obfervant of them : You 
 cannot but remember how long difafFcifled perfons called the 
 Brittle of Prcjlon, in 1745, by the name of Gladfmiiir, from 
 the old prediSlion of thotnas the Rhimer, who fays of the 
 decifive Battle. 
 
 On Gosford Green it fliall be fecn 
 By Gladfmuir Tree, the Battle be. 
 
 Give me leave to exprefs my Opinion, that to the Perfon who' 
 could make an Elephant zvhite, if he added to it the DifinEtion 
 of a remarkable Hat, the conqueft of the Bi'iragh-mah Empire 
 would be certain. 
 
 To drop Politicks and treat of Geography ! 
 
 The Biiraghmah Empire to the South is bordered by the 
 Siamefe Dofninions : On the Eajl it has Tunnan, a Province 
 of China, Part of Laos and of Siam; To the North is 
 Thibet, between which is a jnotottainous TraB, according to the 
 Chinefe, inhabited by a Savage People, whom they name Lijfe. 
 
 On the JVeJl is the Sea, and the tributary States of 
 Arrakan and Cassay; though it is uncertain whether, 
 fmce the Revolution, Arrakan has yet fubmitted. 
 
 A 
 
 The Kingdom of Buraghmah, I conceive, includes Ava, 
 
 Prom, Per/aim, Prgu, and many other fmaller Diftrids, Tavay, 
 
 AFA and PEGU. Mdrtavan, Rejs, which lyes between the two lad ; and Tammoo 
 
 towards Siam; perhaps Arrakan ought alfo to be included, 
 
 12 as
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 109 
 
 as It is reported to have been fubjeft to them. The Countries 
 mentioned in the Tille, were only tributary, though feveral of 
 them have advantaged, by the disjointed Government of late, 
 and thrown off their AUeeiance; Jlli'm Prazv dechred he would 
 oblige them all to fubmit, before he (heathed the S.vord ; but 
 it is reported he abandoned himfelf to fVomeHy after he 
 compleated the Conqueft of Pegu, and probably will not be 
 fo much inclined to commence a new War, as he feemed to 
 be of profecuting the old one. 
 
 As I cannot have recourfe to many Writers, who mention 
 thefe Countries it would be impoffible to be very minute in 
 my Defcription, nor indeed would fuch a tafe be agreeable to 
 the Plan I have laid down; Their General Situation, and Produce, 
 is ail I have in View, except when 1 am able to give fome 
 Information not to be met in Books. 
 
 The Buraghmah Dominions yield Gold, Silver, Iron, tin, Copper, 
 Lead, Alluyn, Elephant's 'teeth, fome Pepper and Cardamums, 
 Mujk, Lacs, Furs, Precious Stones, Ekpha ts. Grain, Hartal, 
 turmerick, Cotch, IVax, Earth-Oil, and IVood-Oil, plenty of 
 Cotton and Silk, and Salt Petre. 
 
 The lajl, produced in the Countries between Prom and Ava, 
 
 may be had in any quantities ; if Pcrmiffion be granted to 
 
 export it, (which feems implied by the Treaty concluded in 
 
 1757.) It behoves us attentively to endeavour preventing other 
 
 Nations from being concerned in this bra,uh of Commerce, 
 
 as the exclufife Privilege granted in Bengal will be ineftimably 
 
 beneficial, if the like can be obtained in Pegu; befides it will 
 
 lower the price at Bengal, and fecure a fufficiency in cafe of 
 
 FA and PEGU, any accident in that Province, it ought however to be obfervcd, 
 
 G g diat 
 
 13
 
 jll'A and PEGU. 
 
 iiD ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 that a Siinipk, fent to Madras fome years ago, was found }}iucb 
 injeriur, to what is pcoduced in Bengal. 
 
 The common price of Rice formerly was 20 Biijlets, three of 
 Wiiich make a bug, for a R:>pcc ; now it is about 15 only. B 
 
 The Country, for 20 miles round Perfaim, is reprcfcnted as 
 capable of producing Rice fufficient to fupply The Coajl of 
 Choromandel from Pondicherry to Miifidapatatu, 20 miles 
 inland. B 
 
 Vaffc quantifies of Razv Silk may be obtained from this, 
 and the adjacent Countries : The prohibition of exporting it 
 from China, * demands our attention to enquire whence 
 it may be had. And as all thefe Countries produce 
 plenty of Cotton, I prefume a due encouragement to the 
 Cultivation of it, will be the means of fccuring in a few years 
 a fufficient quantity for the IiiveJliiieiU in Bengal, and on 
 the Choromandel Coast ; not to mention the great pro,- 
 bability that a very confiderable Invejlnient, oi Piece Goods, may be 
 had in this Country; tlie People are defcribed as very induftrious, 
 and fo aditfled to weaving, that fcarce a houfe, from Prince to 
 Feafant, is zvithout a Loom. 
 
 Formerly confiderable quantities of IVoollen Goods were carried 
 thither from the Choromandel Coast, and as they muft 
 there have been purchafed at an advanced Price, it is evident 
 that they would have turned to better account, had they been 
 imported immediately from Europe. 
 
 The Jefuits, who have publiflied an Account of Cochin- 
 China, report that the Inhabitants of Laos, carry on a 
 
 confiderable 
 
 J . * This w;is onl}' a temporary Prohibitioa.
 
 r^ rt»^ PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL P.EPERTORY. m 
 
 confiderable Traffick with Thibet: This muft be done either 
 through the Province of Tminan, or through the Dominions 
 of the Biiraghmabns ; eitlier way it is evident a Trade may be 
 carried on by the Englijh, with tliefe refpedive Countries; 
 Laos, in Mr. Bozvycar's Opirdoii, -j- will take off confiderable 
 quantities of JVoollen Goods : And, if we may judge from the 
 Situation and Cli;f2ate of Thibkt, there is no room to doubt 
 that a good Vent will be found for them there. Tunnan alfo, 
 and the adjoining Provinces, will probably take off large 
 quantities; Although being fo diftant from Canto;\ and the 
 Sea Coajls of China, they can at prefent have very little (hare 
 in the Europe trade ; efpecially as the numberlefs Hopo-IIoufes, 
 by their Exaftions, as well as by the cftablillied Duties, will not 
 admit Goods to be tranfported far, but at an enormous Expence ; 
 This Branch feems formerly to have been driven, from the 
 Eftablifhment at Prajiimoo. Nor are we to fuppofe fFootlens 
 the only Article that may be introduced, many others fiom 
 EuRovE, as well as from various parts of India, undoubtedly 
 will find a Vent. 
 
 But to have a Juft fenfe of the Conveniency of the Inland 
 Trade, I muft give you a View of the Ava River. 
 
 The Chief River in this Empire, traveifes it from Nortb to 
 South, paffmg Ava and many other Cities : It is generally 
 called by the Natives " the River," by way of Excellence, as 
 the Ganges in Ben gat,, Tfanpu in Thibet, and Kiang in 
 China; all which arc nothing more than appellations, which 
 have aboliQied the common ufe of their proper Names, by 
 exprcffing their Diftinftion. 
 
 This 
 
 ^5 t Vide hi j curious A'c>_v:(i;c to Coi/'j/j-C/^'w/a. Okilmal Ru.i kaTosv, N2L
 
 112 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 This River difcharges itfelf into the Sea by a multitude of 
 Channels, the chief are Per/aim, or Negrais, Bragou, DjILi, 
 China-backeer, and Syrian : The largeft is that of Bragou : 
 That of Pcrfaim is occafional only, as there is a IraSi of Land 
 between // and the Main River in the dry feajnn.^ The 
 Eajleni Channel is conjund with Pegu River, into which that 
 of Ava falls, a little below Dagoon, a very noted Pagoda. 
 
 Some Modern Geographers have imagined that of Ava to 
 be the River Tarou, or Tfar.pu ; the more antient reckon it 
 the Lttkiang : A middle Opinion, from the beft information 
 i have been able to obtain, appears to be the moft rational. 
 
 I am afllired, that not verv far above Ava there is a 
 very large Lake, from whence the River proceeds. B 
 
 This Lake, I am inclined to believe, is the receptacle of the 
 many large Rivers, which run from Thibet and China towards 
 AvA ; it is probably the Cbiatnay Lake of the Old Maps, 
 though that Lake is deemed i-maginary, by the ojnijfion of // 
 in the Modern Draughts ; Out of this Lake run not only the 
 Ava River, but thole of Siam * and Cajfay, and probably 
 thofe of Arrakan, Cbatigan, and for^e others on this fide, if 
 that of Cajj'ay be not one of the tzvo, laft mentioned. 
 
 This Lake is reprcfcnted to be difficult of Navigation, on 
 account of Overfalls and Riplings, which makes the commu- 
 nication 
 
 * Thh is doubtful ; at lead there feenis to he a certain commv.n'cation 
 from Kc^rais to Ava at all fcalbnj : though perhaps the channel into the 
 vrcat River, in the dry Sea/on, may be bela\u the Toivn of Per/aim, 
 
 * According to the concurrent Report in the Buraghmah Dominions 
 1 6 and Siam, 
 
 AVA an J PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 113 
 
 nicatlon with China, lefs facile than might be cxpeded, 
 from the depth of the Ava River, which is navigable by 
 Veflels of confiderable Burthen, up to that Ci/y, where it is 
 reported to be about 3 fathoms deep. B 
 
 The f raters of this River are extremely cold, during the 
 FreJJieSy which is an Evidence that the Country from whence 
 // comes, is a cold one ; but the fuppofition of the Armenians, 
 and, from them, of fome Europea-is, who have been in this 
 Country, that it muft therefore have its fource in a very high 
 Latitude, is owing to their ignorance in Geography ; as 
 Thibet, from whence both the Tarou and Lukiang flow, 
 exaftly correfponds with this Account i being a cold mountainous 
 Country, covered with Snffw. 
 
 BcTides the Communication abovementioned with Chixa, 
 I have been told of another that is praaifed ; whether it 
 be true, or falfe, I will not prefume to determine, but I am 
 convinced that the Gentleman, * from whom I had this 
 Information, had no intentions of deceiving ; and as he was 
 fome time refident in the Country, and had feen feveral Cbinefe 
 in the Southern parts; he certainly had an opportunity of 
 informing himfelf, unlefs the Natives had an Intcrefl in 
 deceiving him. 
 
 This Communication is by a kind of Aqua tick Land Carriage, 
 for they report, that between the Ava River, and another large 
 one, which traverfes part of China, -f there is a tiarrow Tract 
 
 of 
 
 * H B 
 
 t Mr. T. Taylor reports, that according to the Tatlopin Manufcrtpts, the 
 Chinese were formerly fettled at P^>/;j:« ; and traded from thence to the 
 'A and PEGU. Weftcrn Provinces of China. 
 
 .7 ""
 
 114 ORIENTAL PvEPERTORY. 
 
 of Low Land; this being overfiozved in the Fbods, much Mud 
 is left behind by the Stream, over which the Boats, with Goods, 
 are tranfported from cm River to the other. This iraiifportatlon^ 
 from leaving one, till launching into the other River, takes 
 up about a f^Feek. As there is ftrong reafon to prefume the 
 River, here mentioned, is what runs from Tunuan through 
 Laos and Cameoja, the Trade thither may be commodioufly 
 carried on by this Track : In confirmation it might be urged 
 that ^o;>7, as above related, in his Account of Cochin-China, 
 pofitively alTerts the People of Laos to have a confiderable 
 Trade with Thibet. 
 
 The Diftance between Ava and the Country lafl: mentioned, 
 is about 300 Miles, what Nations inhabit this Traft is very 
 uncertain, as the Li[fe are the only people I can find any 
 mention made of, and the Extent of their Territory is not 
 at all known. 
 
 The Pe^ti River, which Modern Geographers have fuppofed. 
 the Lukiang, according to the bed Information I have 
 received, is not navigable far above Pegu; nor does the 
 Ava River communicate with it to the Northward of Dagoo^. B 
 
 I have now attempted to convey an Idea how well this 
 Empire is fituated for an extenfive inland Trade ; which 
 being once eflabliflied, would infinitely encreafc, by the Indufiry 
 it would introduce, and by the many valuable Articles which 
 would be found, if there was a ceitain Vent, fufficicnt to 
 encourage the fearch after them. 
 
 To compleat the View propofed, I muft briefly fpcak of 
 ^rJ and PEGU: the adjacent Countries, and to begin with thofc more immediately 
 a under the Biiraghmah^ 
 
 Tavav
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 115 
 
 Tavay produces Tin in large quantities, Rice in plenty, 
 and fonie Cardamums, there is in this Country a Gold Mine, 
 which is reported to be valuable ; it abounds, as well as all 
 others on this fide of India, with 'Timber: The Natives 
 are of an indolent Difpofition. The Ki,ig of this Country 
 offered the Englijh an Eftabiifhment in 1752. The Tenns 
 I fliall infert, as they may yield you feme fatisfaiflion, though 
 the Offer was rather negktled than nfufed. He required of 
 The Company 100 pieces of Cannon, 3 covids and one fpan 
 long, four of 5 covids and one fpan, 100 mnfqucts, icoo catties 
 of powder, and a like quantity of Ihot, and that 50 men fliould 
 be kept there for his Defence, at The Company's charge, fo 
 long as the Settlement was continued. And that the Succours, 
 neceffary at any time, for the prefervation of his Country, fliould 
 alfo be tranfported at their Expence ; Befides which he was 
 to have an annual Prcfent, fo long as they continued the 
 Efiabl'ijliment ; though the value of that Prefent was not 
 fpecified. On thefc ConlKJerations the following Privileges 
 were offered : ift. The Company to have the refufal of all 
 the 77//, in his Country, and private Merchants only to have 
 what The Company did not chufe to purchafe. 2d. They 
 were allowed to purchafe as much Grain as their Ships may 
 require. 3d. Leave to build Fejfels, and to cut the Timber 
 necefFary for this purpofe, as vvell as for lading their jinps. 
 And on thefe Conditions it was ftipulated, that all their (liips 
 fhould be free from paying Cuftoms, or making Prefents. 
 
 That thefe Terms ought not to have been accepted, is 
 beyond difpute ; but it is not fo clear that a Jetlkment- in this 
 Country, on more advantageous Terms, would not be beneficial ; 
 Certainly, however, at this time it was improper to infert in 
 a propofed Treaty with Pegi', that the Company would aflifl: 
 yjl and PEGU, them againft Tavay ; not only as thefe had proffered their 
 Fricndfoip, which was not rejected, but as the Pegu Govcnwient 
 
 might
 
 AFA ami PEGU. 
 20 
 
 116 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 might very fenfibly have urged, that it was not agalnft Tin\iy, 
 but agalnft the Buraghmahns, they defired affiftance, but in 
 truth, that Treaty is a mifcrable piece, wrote in the ftile of 
 a ConHtry Attorney s Clerk, and unworti»y the Notice of a 
 rolitician. 
 
 I remember to have feen fomc years ago a particular Chart 
 of the Tavay River ; * it is very deep within, but whether 
 there be water enough at the Entrance for a large Ship I 
 cannot poffibly fay. 
 
 Cassav, which, as before mentioned, Hes to the NWeftward 
 of AvA, is a Country, fo far as I can learn, hitherto unheard 
 of in Europe, the Account I am enabled to give you of it is 
 very imperfect, being only what a Pcrfon, (who went on a kind 
 of Embaliy to Ava lately) learnt of a Bramhi, who had refided 
 there fome years, where he had married. The fame Ferfon 
 who obtained this information * was Ihewn by the Burd^bmah 
 King, whilft at Mum Chaboo, a Prince of about 21, and a 
 Princefs of 1 7 years of age, left as Hcjlages for the fidelity of 
 this Country ; They were not, ftridly fpeaking, luhite, though 
 fairer than the faireft of the Peguers. The Princefs had an air 
 of grandeur in her appearance ; (he was of a long vifage, and 
 her features very fine. This Country is a J mall, fruitful 
 Principality, ftridly fpeaking no more indeed than a large ra/ky, 
 confined on all lldes by a circle of Mountains : The Capital 
 is encloll'd by an impenetrable HiJge of Bamboos, with only 
 one Pajfcige through. Near the Tozcn is a large River, with 
 a very remarkable Cataracf, under which Carriages may pafs 
 dry. 
 
 • I have fince publiflicd the Chart of Tavay Rivir, which however 
 I believe was not the fame here refciicd to.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. n; 
 
 dry. This Country is amazingly fruitful in Rice ; and, as 
 Money is very fcarce, it is incredibly clicap. 
 
 Cass AY ^ has another Country finiilar in Name, 
 Casay, to the NVV of it, but this is reported to b-: 
 independent. 
 
 Arrakan was, formerly, immediately fubjeft to Ava ; 
 but, of late years, it feems to have been entirely free from 
 fubjedion ; nor, from the circumftance above taken notice of, 
 does it feem to have been under the jurifdidion of the 
 Buragkmahiis, at the end of the lafl Century. The Rher of 
 Arrakan is fcarce to be paralleled in the Eaft ; I prelent you 
 a Chart of it, * though I cannot warrant it's authority ; 
 That it is a very fine River feems a CircumRance too well 
 cftablifhed to be doubted : The Knowledge of Europeans, 
 however, extends but a little way up, though there feems to- 
 be a ftrong prefumption it flows from the fame Lake as the 
 Ava and Siam Rivers; it probably is that large River which 
 runs through Cassay. -j- The Country of Arrakan is 
 reckoned extremely unhealthy to Europeans ; It produces, 
 befides Grain and Timber, Tin, Lead, Stick-huk, and 
 Elephant's 'Teeth. I have been aflured by the Perfon 
 
 abovementioned. 
 
 * B 
 
 * This Chart is publiflied in my coUedion of Plans. 
 
 f This feems to be a miftakc, as by a MS. Map, received fioin my 
 Friend Major Rcnnell, the Rivir falls into the ^va River below Ava, 
 {FA and PEGU. ^^.iji^,ii -,3 faij fo ji^.jjg jj^g Q^jp ^„j Siirmah Countries. ^ 
 
 21 I i
 
 iiS ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 
 
 abovcmentioned, ^ who went to Ava on an EmhaflTy, that 
 there is no Braneb of iJyts River f-ills into the Sea between 
 Ava and Negrais; whence it is evident the Arrakan, cannot 
 be a Brivub, of the Ava River : at leaft falling from />, 
 to the Southward of Ava : and 'tis alfo evident, that the 
 CkamieJs dotted in D'Anville, and fupplied by his " bnprovirg 
 *' Tranflator," are purely imaginary. 
 
 To the Northward of Arrakan, is the Country of Azem, 
 to which the French have gone from Dacca of late years, it 
 produces plenty of Coarfe Silky and Gum-lac^ befidcs Gold and 
 Silver, Lead, and /ro;/. 
 
 In tliis quarter alfo is fituated the Country of Tipra, 
 which yields Silk and Coarfe Gold. I thought it moft eligible 
 to mention the two laft in this place, from their vicinity to- 
 Arrakan, though I do not find they were ever under tlic 
 fubjeftion of the Buraghmahtis, 
 
 ifl: Tuly, ij^^' The next adjacent Cb^i'////^; to be mentioned 
 is Siam; It hardly merits notice, if their Behavior did not 
 deferve Chailifement, which may turn to more advantage than 
 the "Trade, whilft fubjed to fuch impofitions, as at prcfent, 
 under fo injurious a Government. 
 
 The Prodi'.Fiicns of this Counlry are prodigious quantities 
 of Grain, Cotton, Benjamin, Sandal, Agnala, and Sapan 
 IFoods, Arititnony, Tin^ Lead, Iron, Loadjlones, Gold 
 
 and 
 
 ArA and PEGU. 
 
 22 ? B
 
 ORIENTAL REPErvTORY. 119 
 
 and Siher, Sapphires, Emeralds, J^ates, Chryjial, Marble, and 
 ^ambanck. 
 
 The Dutch in 1754, had 3 Europe Ships, and i Country Vejfcl 
 here, one of the Ships was intended to carry Rice to Ccylan ; 
 the others chiefly loaded with Sapan IFood and Tia ; 
 the former for the Europe, the other for the Chifia Market, 
 whither it was fcnt from Batavia. I cannot inform you 
 whether this Trade be continued, fince that to China was 
 put under new Regulations. But the pradice of fupplying 
 one Place with Grain from another, where it is cheap, 
 is certainly a very judicious practice, and what naturally 
 occurs to every Nation ; though Bengal has generally been 
 our Granary. 
 
 An EngUJ}] Fejfel was very lately felzed, and the Crczo 
 murdered in a Slamefe Port ; the Captain fortunately, and 
 narrowly efcaped ; In confequence of his Report, Remonftrance 
 >vas made to the Ki/ig ; and a Refolutlon taken of making 
 reprijals if fatisfacfion was not given ; So notorious an J3 
 of Treachery ought not to be forgivrn, merely from receiving 
 pecuniary fatisfatlion ; as Siam has no Force, and would be a 
 very valuable Acquifition to any European Nation, either in 
 whole, or in part, though the Trade will yield but little advantage 
 under the prefent circumRanccs. 
 
 The fevcral Defcriptions of this Couniij, in print, will 
 
 convey a better Idea of it than any thing I can fay in general; 
 
 41 A and PEGU. g^,j as I have been informed of fome Circumftances reg-ardins 
 
 a, Mergi'i^
 
 AFA and PEGU. 
 
 24 
 
 120 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Mergi'.'i, by a Gentleman ' who was lately there, I muft beg 
 leave to repeat thefe Circuraftances. 
 
 There is dill the remains here of an Old Er^liJJj Forf, 
 but the Slamefe have no Force, except a few old Guns, which 
 they would abandon at the firfl appearance of an Enemy. 
 The River was formerly navigable to Tenaferim, where the 
 Porln^uefe had a For!, but the Comnuinication is only open 
 for Boats at prefent ; whether the Navigation of the River 
 was fpoilcd by accident, or intentionally, is uncertain ; It is 
 reported there is a Communication with Junk Seylon, from 
 Te/uijfenm for Boats, by the Rivers within land. 
 
 Provifions are extremely plenty and cheap ; a dozen, or 
 20 fowls, may be bought for a Tical (little more than I a Crown) 
 FiJ}} are very fine, and equally cheap ; and Rice may be bought 
 for about 12 Pagodas a Garce : The price of Rice on the 
 Choromavulel Coajl is generally above 30, and fometimes even 
 80 Pagodas ^ Garce: The Commodities in chief demand, 
 are Salt, Iron, Tobacco, and Metchlepatam Chints. For Salt, 
 which generally is from 3 to 3! Pagodas ^ Garce, on the 
 CoaJl of Cloroniandel, they give in return at Mergai 3 of 
 Rice, for i of Salt. A Bundle of Tobacco, which will cod 
 about a Pagoda on the Coi'Jt of Clorami/idel, will fometimes 
 fell for the value of 10 or 12 at Mergui ; The Ckints, and 
 oxhcT fine painled Goods will, if the Market is not overftocked, 
 find immediate Vent, and fell for 100 ^ Cent. It is evident 
 from hence, that were the Country under better Government, 
 it would yield no contemptible Trade ; efpecially in that 
 
 fure 
 
 ' Captain Thomas Powney.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 I2i 
 
 'A and PEGU, 
 25 
 
 fure Article of Grain ; But there is another Confideration of 
 weight in regard to Merg:'i. The French have frequently of 
 late years gone thither, and (hould they te kept out of 
 Bengal and Pegu, it can fcarcely be doubted they will 
 fix themfelves here, as it is fo fituated as to admit an early 
 Arrival, on the Choromandel Coast, abounding in 
 Grain, which they may tranfport with the greateft con- 
 veniency to Pondicherry, and as there is the greateft plenty 
 of fine Timber, and many Carpenters, which muft greatly 
 expedite and facilitate the Repairs, which may be required by 
 their Fleets in IFar. 
 
 In this Place I beg leave to obferve that the Gentleman 
 above mentioned * aflured me, that they pafs from Mergui 
 to Judia, in about 3 Weeks during the Floods, when the Rivey-s 
 overflowing great extent of Country, they pafs the greatejl part 
 of the zvay by water on Rafts, In the dry fecfon, they are 
 almofl double this time. 
 
 I have alfo heard it reported, that there is a trade carried 
 on, between ^ledah and Pattany, over land. 
 
 Colonies and Settlements of every kind muft at firft be 
 attended with many Difficulties, which however a judicious 
 
 Perfeverance 
 
 Captain Thomas Powney, 
 
 Kk
 
 iia. ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Percverance will furmount, if there be not fome Original 
 Deiaull in the ERablilliment. 
 
 It muft be obvious to every one that the Engllfli never 
 made a Settlement in which they were not impeded by fome 
 unforefeen Difficulties, fo as at laft frequently to make 
 abandoning the Infant Eftablilhmcnt, appear the moft 
 prudent ftcp, without even hoping any Return for the 
 prodigious Expence, which may have been incurred by the 
 Undertaking. 
 
 Various Reafons may be afcribed for this Event; But in- 
 capacity in the Pcrfon, entrufted with the Management; and the 
 want of proper previous Examination of the Place; feem to 
 me the moft common, and moft confiderable. 
 
 In Difcovery Expeditions, There is fcarce room to lay down 
 
 a Regular Plan, as the Ignorance of the Objeds of them, makes 
 
 particular Inftrudlions impoffible. But as Eftablifhments are 
 
 fuppofed to be the Refult of former Difcoveries and Obfervations, 
 
 where thcfe are incompleat, it certainly is neceffary, not only 
 
 to lay down a Plan, of what is propofed by the Eftablifhment, 
 
 the Inducements to it, and the moft probable means of Succefs; 
 
 but that a previous Survey (hoiM be made, and the Place beft 
 
 adapted to anfwer the Purpofes of the Expedition pitched on, 
 
 whether as a place of Trade ; or merely as a Port. Ic feems 
 
 indifpenfibly neceflary, that the Perfon, to be entrufted with the 
 
 .future IVIanagcment of the Expedition, fliould fuperintcnd this 
 
 ^rj and PEGU. Survey, which ought not to be a curfory View, but a careful, 
 
 a6 accurate
 
 J aud PEGU. 
 «7 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 123 
 
 accurate and mature Examination of the Place, where the 
 intended Settlement is to be made, by Perfons properly qualified 
 for fuch a Survey. The inconveniencies and Advantages fliould 
 be minutely noted, and an Eftimate of the Expence made ; 
 It fhould then be confidered what Expence the Advantages 
 propofed may induce to be at ; for it may happen, efpeciaily 
 if a Port only is in View, that an Eflabliflimenr, which in 
 itfelf is very beneficial, may become otherwifc by incurring 
 a greater Charge than the Advantages of the Settlement will be 
 adequate to. 
 
 Without a previous Accurate Survey being made, it muft 
 be admitted fo certain, as the probability of 10,000 to i, an 
 extraordinary and unnecefFary Expence will accrue : For there 
 is hardly a pofllbility that accident Ihould point to the Spot 
 which is really bed adapted, every thing confidered, for the 
 Eflablifhment ; and if that is not fixed on, not only the 
 Expence of ereding Works in the firft place, and the time 
 loft in ereifling thefe works, are to be charged to the ill 
 Choice, in confequence of a previous Survey being omitted, 
 but when it is confidered that the firft Difficulties are always 
 the greateft in fuch Expeditions, and the Lofs of Men 
 then likevvife greateft, from being expofed to the Weather 
 ■without Shelter, It muft appear that nothing can be of more 
 fatal confequence, than to repeat thefe Inconveniencies by a 
 removal ; as it may be the means of making the Expedition 
 abortive, by difcouraging the People, and expofing them to 
 now Fatigues; bclidcs fuch removes cannot fail to lelTen 
 
 their
 
 124 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 tlicir Confidence in the Chief, and produce many other 
 unhappy Circumftances. * 
 
 This Defeft is eafily remedied, as it is no very difficuk 
 matter to find Perfons capable of, fuch a Survey ; but to 
 find one, with all the Qualifications requifite to form a good 
 Leader in fuch Expeditions, is of equal Lnportance and 
 Difficulty. 
 
 It is not Capacity, or Knowledge, alone that are required. 
 There is a certain turn of Mind, a prudent companionate 
 Difpdfhion, to gain the Confidence and Efteem of his own 
 People; a Prefcnce of Mind, and readinefs in all Exigencies; 
 an unwearied Patience, joined to indefatigable Adlivity ; 
 An open, though cautious, Behaviour, and eafy Affability, 
 
 widi 
 
 * Letter from Mr. H. B. d.itcA Ne^rais, 31ft Aug. 1754. " Wc have 
 " moft unhappily made choice of a Spot of Ground for our Fort, which h 
 " exceeding low and fwampy, and overflowed by the Tiifes, and to which 
 " we imagine in a great mcafurc is owing the Caufe, why our People fall 
 " down fo very faft, and indeed our diftrcfs in this point is really calamitous, 
 " Blacks, Whites, CofFries, and even the Natives of the Country have 
 " not been exempted, but all univerfally have been fubjedl to intermittaiit 
 " Fevers and Fluxes : and yet if I am permitted to judge by the robuft 
 u4FA aitd PEGU. u ^^^ vigorous appearance of ?. Peguer or a Burmagb, there is not a more 
 q *' healthy Climate in India."
 
 OPJENTAL P.EPERTORY 
 
 125 
 
 with a Free Generofity, is ncceffiiry to win the good Opinion 
 of thofe, amoiigft whom it is intended to fe:tle : But even 
 after fuch a Survey has been made, and fich a rerfua found, 
 what good can be expecled ; unlcfs tlie Settlement be properly 
 afliaed and fupported ? There is hardly an Inftance of a Troop 
 of Emigrants, going in queft of a new Home, under a leader 
 of their own Eledlion, who have failed to grow confdcrable in 
 their Habitation ; knowing they had no rcfoi'.rce but in tlicir 
 own Virtue, they conformed to Circumflances, and foon 
 furmounted every Difficulty ; but a Colony, or Settlement, 
 being under Orders and Rcftriaions, compofed of Perfons not 
 acting with the fame Difpolltion, cannot be thus modeled to 
 Incidents; and if not duly, regularly, and eflectualiy fupported, 
 by the ConRituents, like a Plant flinted in it's growth, will 
 never yield the fruit, wjiich might have realonably been 
 expeded from the richnefs of the Soil. 
 
 That Negrais was tJ.us r.egk^eJ, I can pofitively afHrm ; 
 but it may be ufef.il to confider whether the other Circumflanes, 
 necellary to the well-being of an Eilublilhrnent, were duly 
 regarded. 
 
 The Chief, Mr. Hunter, was a Peifon of C;ipacity, but of 
 a very unfit Difpofition for fuch an Undertaking, extremely 
 haughty, and fo bigotted to his own Opinion, that he ridiculed 
 whatever any other propofed, even when his Sentiments were 
 a/ked : Befides his Hopes did not reft in the ^uccefs of the 
 Expedition, bur he confidered himfelf as afTured of the 
 Government of Madrafs ; So that when an Accident evinced that 
 this Hope was vain, * Pie was not only greatly difappointed, 
 ^___^ but 
 
 * Capt. Felix Baker, Brother to The AUcrmaH, who was, in i;;*, 
 
 Chairman of the Eafl LiAia Compaiy, marrieJ a D.iughter-in-l aw of 
 
 ^A and PEGU. ^^ ' ^'""^''' '^''^ Alderman difqvial ticJ in, or about, 1753, ^nJ confcqucntly 
 
 all Mr Hunter's Hope?, of the Government of Madrafs, were overtumeJ! 
 
 2Q I am far fiom afleriing that they were ever well grounded. 
 
 LI
 
 126 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 but chagrined at the Refledion, that this Event, which he had 
 confidered as certain, and en which he had buih, Icffened his 
 Influence amongft thofe under his f^ye, whom he had en- 
 deavoured to keep in dependancc, by the hope, or fear, ot 
 what might happen, on his removal to a more exalted Station. 
 Unlefs there be a Dependance on the Chief, every thing muft 
 be clogcd ; when Difficulties occur, they will be made im- 
 poffibilities; for this reafon every Perfon engaged on fuch 
 Expeditions, fliould have their Preferment dependant on the 
 recommendation of the Chief. Mr. Hunter was not of a 
 Difpofition, to gain the AfFc<;1ion of the People under him ; 
 and he, foon after his arrival, did a thing equally injurious 
 and unrcafonable to the Co'fns, whom he would not fupply 
 with Provifions, in common with the reft, as there was a 
 great fcarcity ; bit obliged them to rely on the precarious 
 Fortune of the Chace : The Confequence naturally to be 
 expected, was not guarded againft, and when they rofe, they 
 eafily got Arms, and diove the Europeans aboard the Veflcls. 
 The lofs of the Ccffrys, of whom fome were killed, and many 
 took flneher in the Woods, from whence they got over to 
 the Miii}!, was very ftnfibly felt in the retardation of the 
 pf^'orks, neccflJary for the General Accommodation, and Security; 
 Luckil}', none made an Hcflile Attempt, (which could fcarce 
 have failed of Succefs). But the ravages of Difeafe, from 
 want of Provifions and Shelter, were very great. 
 
 Mr. Hauler, the Chief, who for fome time, had been 
 fcnfible of his approaching end, had defired that he might 
 be relieved ; or at leaft that Jnme o/?e, capable of the TruJ?, 
 might be fent to fucceed him, declaring the Perfon, who 
 had gone over with him as his Affiftant, was incapable. 
 At" J and PEGU. Mr. Huntcr was not relieved; but his Death made the 
 appointment of a nezv Chief neceffary : As Nei^rais had got 
 3° ^ the
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 127 
 
 the charafler of being unhealthy, and as there was no profpedt 
 of advantage falling down from Heaven upon it, many were 
 pointed out, but all declined ; fome on one, fome on another 
 pretence; It is a Culloiii in The Company's Service, that 
 Seniority precludes every confideration of Capacity, but as 
 Perfons, with this infallible Teflimony of Perfciflion, were 
 unwilling to proceed to fo uncomfortable a Phcc, as Negrais 
 was defcribed to be. The Bufinefs ended in giving the 
 Appointment to the Perfon, who had gone over with Mr. Hunter, 
 and whom on his death-bed he had publickly reprefcntcd as 
 incapable: as He was alfo of an inferiour rank, It could not 
 be expedled that much attention ftiould be paid to his 
 reprefentations, of the Neceffities of a Settlement, which had 
 been fo mifcrably negleded, in the appointment of fuch a 
 Chief. 
 
 I have heard Governor Pigoi declare, that in his opinion, 
 fome Perfon of Rank fhould have been fent over, with full 
 powers to conclude a Treaty with the Government ; and that 
 the Eflablilhment, if formed, fhould have been purfued 
 with vigour -, avowing that he would willingly have accepted 
 of fuch an appointment ; I dare fay, if he had been fent, 
 Succefs would have attended the Entrerprlfe ; as He is well 
 qualified for fuch an office : and as, if He had been fent, it 
 would not have been neglected, in the manner it was. 
 
 It is now time to end this Letter, which has run to a 
 length much beyond what I expedcd : I truft what has 
 been faid will be fufficicnt to fliew, how /// the Negrais 
 Expedition has been cmducled, and I fliall therefore only add, 
 FA and PEGU. *^^' ^ 'Treaty, as it is called, was concluded in 1757, by 
 which Ntgrcis; a Spot, about 2000 feet fquare, at Pcrjaim; 
 31 and
 
 128 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 and a frte Trait through the Buvaghmah DomiKioiis, were 
 
 granted ; as I have been aflured, the Purport of this Treay 
 
 was not kiiffWn to the King, who confidered it only as a 
 
 Royal Grant, to encourage the Englifli to trade in his 
 
 Dominions; it ought never to be confidered as more by 
 
 us ; as it certainly will not by Him : It was obtained by a 
 
 Prefent to the Frince of Per/aim ; and to a Perfon who aAed 
 
 as an Interpreter. I have before faid it is drawn up in the 
 
 Scile of a Country Attorney : I repeat that and fubfcribc 
 
 myfelf, &c. 
 
 » 
 
 July, 1759. 
 
 Memorandum. 
 
 nth Auguft, 1791. 
 
 On reference to the Reeert^s, ahhough nothing i\\ the foregoing can be 
 
 confidered as mifrtprtreHtatioit : }et the Information is defeBi'vc : which 
 
 will make it defireable, to give as full a Detail, as the Records admit, of the 
 Proceedings on the Negrais Expedition. ^ 
 
 Ai'A and PEGU. ^' ^^P^"" 
 
 3»
 
 VA and PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 129 
 
 The Paper received from Governor Saunders. 
 
 The CoNSEQjjENCE of SettliiJg an European Colony on the 
 
 IJland Negrais. 
 
 X HESE tzvo IJlands, lying on the IVefiern Part of the 
 Coajl of Pegu, form a Capacious Harbour for Shipping, being 
 fecured againft all forts of Winds ; and the Entrance very 
 eafy, having good Anchoring Ground, at a good Diftance; 
 the Soil of them being very good, by the Quantity of Food 
 it produces, to the vaft number of Wild BeaP.s they afford, 
 fuch as Deer, Buffaloes, IVild Hogs, and Elephants, befides 
 plenty of Fijh and Turtle, on Diamond IJland, which is but 
 three Leagues diftant from them, the advantage of having 
 communication by large navigable Rivers, into all parts of the 
 King of Ava's dominions, from whence the Trade of that 
 Country might be cafily ingroffed in a few years, and the IJland 
 fupplicd with all the Commodities that Kingdom affords, as alfo 
 made convenient for Shipping, either to repair, or build new ones 
 on, with a confiderable lefs Rifque or Danger than the Port of 
 Syrian is at prefent ; which it feems will in a few years be almofl. 
 impracticable for large Ships, by the encreafe of the Sands in 
 feveral places, efpecially before the Tomn. Another benefit, that 
 fuch a Settlement would be of, is the nearnefs of the tzio Places, 
 Madras and Bengal, which at any time of the year might be 
 fupplied with the Effects and Materials this Country produces, as 
 alfo their Ships repaired, or new built, without any Molef-ation, 
 after the Colony was once fupplied with a competent Number of 
 Inhabitants, which would not be long in effeding, by giving 
 a reafonable encouragement to the Natives of the Main, who 
 having been for many )'ears under a t3Tannical Government, 
 would joyfully embrace the opportunity of fettling in a place 
 where they fliould enjoy the Benefit of their Labour, efpecially 
 the People employed in the Building of Ships, and cukivatino- 
 the Land, which, being the moft opprcffcd, would be the mod 
 forward to feek for relief, and by their quitting the adjacent Port 
 of Syrian, that place would foon be ruined, and the whole trade 
 of the Country take its Courfe toward the Nezv Setllanent ; beino- 
 fo conveniently fituated, and with a moderate charge may be 
 made capable of Defence againft a confiderable Force. The 
 
 M m prefent
 
 130 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 prefent inncliirc, of fettling fuch a Colony, feems one of tlie moft 
 favourable, for the following reafons. The /far which, for aimed* 
 Ten Years part, has harrafled the poor people in the Principalities 
 oi Martavan, Toigu, Pegu, and Syrian, has fo far difgufted them, 
 that a confiderable Number of them, to fliun the repeated 
 oppreflion, are retired into the mofk defert places of the Country, 
 by the Sea fide ; having quitted all the Neighbourhood of Cities 
 and Towns, chufing rather to live among the Wild Beads, 
 than be at the Mercy of the cruel and tyrannical Government, 
 which at prefent has a King, without any experience, and intirely 
 ruled by Minijlers, without any other knowledge but a bare private 
 Intereft, which makes the Country in general wifh for a change, 
 becaufe every petty Govcrnour of Tozvns or Cities, if he can but 
 fatisfy the Minifter at Court, can at his pleafure opprefs the 
 people under him, without any fear of Puniniment, which has 
 caufed the Revolt of the richefl: and largefl Province of this 
 Kingdom, who for this laft lo Years has baffled all the attempts 
 that have been made by all the King's Forces to bring them again 
 under S.ib)cClion ; having at prefent no hopes to accomplifli it, 
 being quite dilheartcned by their continual lofles, which are 
 wholely owing to the bad Government all over the Kingdom. 
 
 The Natives of this Kingdom, if once under a good Govern- 
 ment, are capable of any improvement; being generally of a 
 good difpofition, a tolerable good Genius, and flrong conditution, 
 and nothing near fo fupcrditious in their religion as other people 
 of India, which makes them very fit to be brought up amongft 
 Europeans,x\\t Peltiers c{^tc\3\\)' , in a little time iorwicxcellent Seamen. 
 
 If the fettling fuch a Colony fliould be thought by the King 
 of AvA an encroachment upon his Country, yet he is not in a 
 Capacity to hinder it, and ihcfiid Ifiands have been for many ages 
 without Inhabitants, he cannot hinder a Nation to improve ihem, 
 fince they are not a property to him or his Subjects ; befides, in 
 cafe of any oppofition, the Iflands are fo fituated, that with a few 
 light Boats, or Pinnaces, the Paflage from Syrian, Pegu, and 
 Martavan to AvA would be eafily flopped, and no Provifions 
 I'uiTered to go up towards Ava, which would quickly bring him 
 
 to 
 
 AFA i>«d PEGU. 
 
 nt * The date of the Paper m.iy be inferrcJ from hence; for the War bciran 
 
 in 1740, which imples the uate to be antecedent to 1750-
 
 K-i and PEGU' 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 131 
 
 to Terms, confidering that the aforefaid Provinces fupply Ava, 
 and all the inhiid parts of the Kingdom with Rice, and other 
 necdfarics for Life, and by confequence it would oblige him to 
 fufilr a free Trade all over his Dominions. The Port of Syrian 
 being once difcredired, and the Nezv Settlement brought to a tole- 
 rable pafs, all Nations trading to Pegu would infallibly, rather chufe 
 to trade under an European Govern7?jent, than to bear Impofiiions 
 that the Country Government lays on all Strangers ; and by con- 
 fequence the charges of the .Settlement would foon be defrayed 
 by a moderate Cufiom, on the Imports and Exfor/s ; another con- 
 veniency is, that the Danger of going out and coming in of that 
 Harbour, is nothing in comparifon of Syrian River, or the Coafi 
 near it ; where the Jfrong Tides and the Sands, lying at a great 
 diftance from the fhoar, makes the Entry difficult and dangerous 
 for Ships; Having fuch a Settlement on the Frontier of both 
 Kingdoms (Ava and Arakan) it would be eafy to fettle a 
 Correfpondence with the Inhabitants of the lajl Ki/igdom, by which 
 means a good Trade might alio be carried on, the People being 
 almoft of the fame Genius as the other, and fpeaking the fame 
 Language, and the Country exceeding fertile in Rice, befides 
 other valuable Commodities, which by a good underftanding with 
 the Natives would be brought to enter into a Traffick beneficial 
 to both fides. 
 
 The Proiince of Martavan, which is the fame Climate as 
 Negrais, and has the fame outward appearance, produces good 
 Pepper and Cardamwms, which in all probability would grow on 
 thefe IJlands, if once cultivated, and without doubt Cotton and 
 other Commodities belldes, as the Main Land is fo abundant in all 
 forts of Minerals and Metals, it is likely alio, that a large IJliind, 
 at fuch a fmall diftance from the Main, muft have its fliare of 
 either; the fettling fuch a Colony would in a little time make 
 it very populous, confidering that out of the King of Ava's 
 Dominions, a confulerable number of Ckrijlians would joyfully 
 chufe to live under the protection of an Enropcan Government, 
 rather than (lay under the hard Government of tlie Buraghjiialns, 
 (a great many of them being IVorkmen in SlApping') wotild be 
 very ufeful. 
 
 In cafe of a War with any European Nation, of what Confequence 
 would it be, to have a fafe and capacious Harbour for Ships, at 
 fuch a fmall diftance from Madras, and Bengal : the Coajl
 
 132 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 ofCoRoMANDEL has «ow, and the /2/Vfr of Bengal is full of 
 Dangers for large Ships, befides not fo convenient, to put to Sea 
 at all times of the Year. 
 
 A great convenicncy towards the fettling on thefe IJlands is the 
 Quantity of Timber there is on them, as alfo the Commodities 
 of making Bricks and Chunam, with all the eafe poflible, by 
 which means the Building would be of little charges : As 
 Madras, and the adjacent Country, contains vaft Numbers of poor 
 Chrijlian Families, no doubt a good Number would be glad to be 
 fent to fuch an EfiabliJImient; where in a few years by their Labour, 
 they could live in plenty of the neceffaries of Life; the Famine 
 of lajl l~ear having reduced many to the greateft mifery ; as the 
 Sea about thefe IJlands abounds with all forts of Fifh, and the 
 Land with quantity of Deer, Buffaloes, and ivild Hogs, as alfo zvild 
 Fowl, the people could not be reduced to want, having once a 
 Crop of Rice of their own, befides the fupplies they could draw 
 from the Main ; the Neighbourhood of the Coco IJlands would 
 contribute alfo to the welfare of the Nczv Settlement, by procuring 
 from thence plenty of thofe valuable Trees, which in few years do 
 fo amply pay the Labour of their Owners. 
 
 To begin fuch ^ Settlement it would be fufiicient at firfl;, to have 
 a moderate number of People, both capable of Labour and 
 Defence ; but moflly Men of good Difpofitions, with the 
 Encouragement they fliould have, would keep always in a good 
 behaviour towards their Superiors, who Ihouid be alio of an 
 examplary behaviour to the people under them ; and as much as 
 polTible ufed to fatigue, their prefence being requifite on all 
 occafions. The firfl; Planters fliould alfo be exempt from any 
 Cijiovis or Taxes, for a certain time, to encourage them ; as to 
 the number of Forces, to begin with 40 Military Men, inured to 
 the Climate of India, with about an equal Number oi Artizans, 
 luch as Carpenters, Smiths, Bricklayers, &c. Arms, 'Ammunition 
 and Provijions for about Jix Months, with Injlruments neceflary 
 for building of Iloijes, and Tilling of the Ground. 
 
 It is not to be doubted, in the leafl:, but fuch an EJlabliJJoment, 
 
 in a few Years, would encreafe confiderably ; and the Benefit of 
 
 it foon repay the Charges, and thefe two IJlands become one of 
 
 the moft flouridnng parts of India, by their convenient Situation 
 
 AVA and PEGU. |j^ refpecl to Tratle with the two Neighbouring Kingdoms of 
 
 «6 AvA and Arakan. 
 
 Captain 
 
 J'
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 133 
 
 Captain George Baker's Obfervatlons at Persaim and in ihc 
 Journey to Ava and Back, 1755. * 
 
 Persaim, 1755. 
 Some Account of the Country Affairs this Tear. 
 
 The Pegv.ers having pofTeffed ?ronc, for fome Years pafl, 
 made feveral fuccefsful Campaigns into the heart of the 
 Buraghmab Dominions, even to the faking, facking, and burning 
 of Ava, their Capital, in April 1752 j they feemed then to be 
 arrived at the fummit of their Glory, for ever after they purfued 
 their Conquefts with lefs fuccefs, having been totally defeated 
 near that place in April 1754, which obliged them to retire into 
 their own Dominions, leaving a Garrifon in Prone, which was 
 foon after well fortifyed, after their manner, by the direftion of 
 Ponna Bella: That being done. He left it in September and 
 returned to Pegu, where the Captive King of Ava was put to 
 death on the 13th Oflober following. This fo incenfed the 
 Bfiraghmahns in ?rone (who were by much the moft numerous 
 Party there) that they confpired againft the other Party in the 
 Town, and at an appointed time, in the beginning of November, 
 put them to the Sword ; and took the Government of the Place 
 into their own hands. The Scafon of the year now permittino-, 
 they began to make Preparations of each fide, one to retake, and 
 the other to defend, this important Bojl ol Prone; and accordingly 
 Ponna Bella left Pegu, for that Place, the i6th November ; 
 but, making little fuccefs in his Enterprize, was re-inforced by 
 a ftrong Party, in the beginning of January, 1755, whick 
 altogether made up a numerous Army. 
 
 The 
 
 'A and PEGU. 
 
 * The names of Places are iliffcrciuly fpclt ; I therefore follow the :\IS. 
 „- «s the varieties may tend to explain the true pronunciation: and fliall at the 
 
 end give a Tabic of thofc Varieties. J^) 
 
 N n
 
 134 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Bi'o-n^hmahns, havino; received Notice of thc'r Sovereign's 
 Dia/h, immediately joined tlie New Ki-tg of I\Tomchabiie, who 
 had now ufiirped the Government near Ava, to whofe 
 AfTiflance feveral of the neighbouring Nations fent Parties of 
 Men, who were cnmmardcd by him, whom 1 now call the 
 Buri^ghmah Kh:g. He loft no time to come to the relief of 
 Prone ; for, by the beft intelligence I get, he was there as 
 foon as the party difpatched laft to Ponna Delias AfTiftancc, and, 
 having a free Entrance, he reinforced it very confiderably. 
 
 The River, fronting this Place, leads fomewhat near North 
 and South, and as the Town ftands on the Eaft fide of It, 
 the Pegners pitched their Camp on the Weft, fomething 
 below the Place ; which the Bihaghmah King obferving, pitched 
 his Camp alfo below the Town, almoft right oppofite the 
 Peguers, for fome days together there paffed frequent flight 
 fkirmifhes between their boats. 
 
 On the 9th of February, at Night, the Buraghmahis marched 
 
 ii little down, and croflcd the River, unknown to, and unexpeftcd 
 
 by, the Peguers, and fell on them at Daylight, with fuch fury, 
 
 as flaughtered great numbers, and routed the others : The 
 
 Generals themfelvcs cfcaped with the greateft hazard. This 
 
 Defeat which had fo difperfed their Troops, and was indeed 
 
 compleat, made the Pegu Generals apprehend thcmfelves unfafe, 
 
 even in that Nighbourhood, for they immediately took their 
 
 rout to Kbotighn-Zeak, where they ftaid only to deftroy the 
 
 Country, and took the whole People with them to Sanyangon, 
 
 (a Place about two days Journey above Syrian') where they made 
 
 a ftand with the Army. This Affair had very extraordinary 
 
 Effcdls on the whole People of both Kingdoms : The 
 
 Buraghmahns were fo animated, that they talked of purfuing 
 
 ^FA a»d FEGU. their Conqucfts, and making a pufh for Syr/ij;/ : T\\t Ptguers^ 
 
 on the other hand, were ftiuck with a panick that made them ^* 
 
 apprehend
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 13: 
 
 FA and PEGU. 
 39 
 
 apprehend they might. At leafl: the Government here, and all 
 that Faction, was ftrantiely intimidated ; but at nothing fo much 
 as of a fet of men (Bdraghmahns) who had beeh o-atherinf 
 together for fome Months pad, at Rhoiighkhougln ; and who 
 would not difpeife themfelves, notwithftandirig they had frequent 
 remonftrances from the King of Tegu, Rajah, &c. though they 
 always rook care to return palliative Anfwers to them. This" 
 Fear of theirs proved well grounded, for the Vrince here, having 
 fent Spies, they returned the i6th February, reporting that 
 they had heard a Letter read, which came from the Buraghmah 
 King, to the Cbi.f there, telling him that if he would make 
 head againft, and reduce this Place, He fhould have (under the 
 King) the whole Difricl as His Province : On this they called 
 a General Council, and gave out as the Rcfult of it, that they 
 would tranfport their Families to Dalla, in order to be rid of 
 that incumbrance, and fo to be the better able to defend the Town 
 with the Men : This, for the day, was generally believed to be 
 the refolution taken, but on the 17th in the morning it was 
 found the Prince had left the Place ; which, being done in 
 fo fecret a manner, made People fufped: fome eminent danger, 
 and put them into very great confufion : The Pegue's thought 
 the Buraghmahns might have confpired againft them ; and 
 fome Bilriighnahns thought the Peguers might have laid a 
 fcheme to maflacre them ; part of each Faction feared and 
 hoped refpeftively, that the Government had received 
 intelligence, that the Bilraghiiab Troops were immediately at 
 hand ; Thus the Tozin being in an uproar; and none 
 knowing juftly w hat they feared ; nor any fteady hand to 
 calm them, fome ran to the JFood:, but moft to their Bouts, 
 Women big-bellied and ihofe with Children at their breaft, 
 as alfo the Aged, of both fexes, were forced to exert 
 themfelves for their Lives fiike, on this Occafion, thoufi'h 
 they could not determinately fay what it was they had at 
 that inftant to fear. 
 
 By
 
 i;6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 J 
 
 By Noon there was not perhaps 20 Souls left in the Place, 
 thefe let fire to fcveral parts of the Town, and confumed great 
 quantities of Grain ; the Town being at lad entirely evacuated, 
 there appeared fevcn of the Buraghwah Boats in fight, at 9 in 
 the morning the 23d, which gave chace to a fingle Pegu Boat 
 down the Rhrr, and having taken her, returned and landed 
 here, they came to our houfe, and (laid about an hour, where 
 I entertained them as I ufcd to do the other Party : I defired 
 them not to moleft this Place, as it was on the Honourable 
 Company's Ground, they declared they would not, nor did in the 
 leaft; and in every other refpeft behaved humanely and 
 decently, they were about 250 Men, well armed in their way, 
 and people of good appearance ; having left us, they fct fire 
 to the Town about Noon, which they entirely demoliflicd, 
 with a great part of the wooden fFalls, and fet out again for 
 Rbcugbkkougn at 4 o'clock that Evening. 
 
 From the time that the Buraghmahns demoliflicd the Town, 
 to the 2d March, there frequently came Pegu Boats for, and 
 went with, Paddy ; at leafl thofe that could get it, for it was 
 Ixjcome now very fcarce. And again on this day the 2d March 
 there arrived 4 Biiragkniah Boats with about 30 Men, only to 
 fee how things flood, at a time when there happened to be no 
 Pevuers here ; they went away again about 1 1 in the morning, 
 but had not been gone an hour, when the late Seio)id of this 
 Place, arrived with 12 or 15 Boats, and about 200 Men, and 
 beino- every day after joined by more, he got together by the 
 qth about 400 Men, in order to fettle here again and oppofe the 
 Bnraghinahns ; but that day in the morning, between 10 and 
 II, there arrived in fight 21 Bi'iraghmak Boats, the Pc^ucrs, 
 who were then moftly on ihoar, repaired to theirs, and drew 
 out in the middle of the River, as it were to receive their 
 
 AFA ani PEGU. j.^^^y . 
 
 40
 
 VA and PEGU. 
 41 
 
 ORIENTAL PvEPERTORY. 137 
 
 Enemy ; whofe number they then plainly faw to confift, as 
 I faid before, of 21 Boats, and they having but 12, immediately 
 took to fliglif, and were purfued by the others, who paflcd 
 down out of fight, and, in about 2 hours after, returned again 
 with 5 Pegu Boats, of thofc prepared to fight, and 3 or 4 other 
 fmall ones laden with Grain, &c. which I did not fiifl: reckon 
 in the number, fo that there was but 5 Boats efcaped in all : * 
 However there was none of the Feople taken, killed or 
 wounded, as they quitted their Boats and ran into the Woods. 
 The Buraghmaljiis, ftaid fome time in the Town, and fet out 
 again about 4 that evening. The 12th there arrived again 
 6 Boats, \\ho came then only to fee how things flood ; and 
 if it might be fafe for thofe, of v.hom I ihall fpeak by and 
 by, to come down ; they returned again that ievening, antl 
 the next morning came back with 19 Boats more, in all 
 25, in which were two Armenians, two Moors, and two 
 Bitraghniabns, Embafladors to Mr. Bfoike, from i^Momlahue) 
 the Buraghmah King, whom they left at Lnndfj ; He, having 
 made himfelf Mafter of the whole Biira^hmah Dominions, 
 has been declared and acknowledged Kt;ig of all parts in it; 
 from Hitn thefe Men brought a Letter to Mr. Brooke, defiring 
 his Friendfliip, &c. and promifmg in return that nothing 
 fliould be wanting in which he could oblige him ; the Copy 
 of which I fent that Evening to Negrais; and, as they did 
 not think it prudent to go themfelves, they went up the 
 River again that evening, to wait there 'till an Anfwer might 
 be had to the Letter, I font ; which being expefted in four 
 
 days, 
 
 * The number was fikl to be I 2 or i 5, and the number taken 5, fo that 
 the number cfcniiin^ muft he nmrc than 5 ; viuk'Ts there is foinc miftakc in 
 the 'm/joIc. ^ 
 
 O o
 
 138 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 days, tlicy promifed to return In that period, which they 
 
 accordingly did, and the Schooner from Negrats arrived the 
 
 fame evening, with Orders for me to accompany them thither 
 
 on her; we fct out accordingly the 19th in the morning, 
 
 and arrived at Negrais at 8 PxM the 22d. The Embaffadors 
 
 had their Audience the 23d ; but their Bufinefs being not 
 
 compleated, nor determinate Anfwcrs given, till the 26th, it 
 
 was 6 that evening before we fet out again for Perjalmy 
 
 and I o'clo'-k in the morning the 30th before we arrived 
 
 there; where we found then about 1800 Peguers, in about 
 
 60 fio^hting Boats, which, as v,e were then informed, had on 
 
 the 26th pafl: taken all the Bi'iraghmah Boats (being about 20) 
 
 which viraited for the return of the Embafliidors. Thefe Pcpuers 
 
 infifted much on having the Embafladors furrenclcred to them, 
 
 but this I abfolutcly refufcd, and as there remained no 
 
 pradticable method of conducing them up in fafety, we 
 
 determined to carry them h:ick. to Negrct'is ; and, as I thought 
 
 it abfolutcly neceflary, for their fafety, to go with them there, 
 
 \vc fet out the 31ft in the evening accordingly, and at 6 PM 
 
 on the 3d April arrived there. The 4th, the Embafladors 
 
 ■went afhoar, and ftaid to wait fome favourable opportunirj)-, 
 
 whereby to return to their Mafter : which it appears was 
 
 attempted fome two or three days after. The 9th at 4 in 
 
 the Evening I fct out again on the Schooner for Pcrfniniy 
 
 where I arrived on the morning of the 12th. The number of 
 
 Troops here at this junfture not exceeding 500, a part of 
 
 them having dcferted, though it appears not 'till they hacV 
 
 made fome Incurfions in the Country above, and brought off 
 
 good quantities of Gm;/, Biiffaloes, fome boats, &c. The i6th 
 
 they received intelligence, that Chozvbrah had been attacked 
 
 by the Bitraghtnahns in his Camp at Sinyangon, this gave them 
 
 here much concern for the Event, and made them readily 
 
 ulFA anJ PEGU, fufpeft, what at laft they were confirmed in, viz. that he 
 
 might 
 42
 
 ^'A and PEGU. 
 43 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 159 
 
 arright be defeated, and accordingly they received that Account 
 the 2ift in the Afternoon; and, having made preparations 
 for that purpofe, they a'l fct out for Syrian that night, and 
 were followed, the next day, by thofc which were fcnt up 
 the Country to ravage it; fo that on the 23d in the morning 
 there was not a fingle Pejp:er left here, being moftly retired 
 to Syrian, where they had received information the Bitraghmakns- 
 intended to pufh their conquefts, and 'tis whifpcred that in 
 order to it, they are arrived in the neighbourhood of Dagon. 
 
 The 2d of May a Party of Buraghmahns from Khoukkloughn, 
 Gonfifting of about icoo Alen, in 40 Boats, arrived here,, 
 (commanded by the fame Man who was defeated at this 
 Place the 26th March) who informed us that the Buraghmbus 
 had attacked the Pegucrs in their Ip'orks, at Siiiyangong and 
 Paula/ip- and routed them thence; and that the Kin^ of 
 the Birraghmabiis, with the body of his Army, was now 
 encamped at Dagon. The 3d in the morning thefe 40 Boats 
 fet out again, down the River, in queft of what P(guers lay 
 hid in the fundry Rivers and Creeks, between this and Da^on; 
 and, if fiacceeding, to difperfe them, with a refokition to go 
 thither that way. 
 
 The 8th in the morning thefe 40 Boats, with 9 morCj returned, 
 having attacked the Peguers, on the 5th Inflant, in fome of the 
 Rivers, near the Sea jide ; and, as they fay, defeated and 
 taken from them 8 Boats, 7 fmall Guns, 8 Mufkcts, 10 Vifs 
 of Powder, killed many Men, and taken two Prifoners. 
 
 The nth inflant the Fleet fct out again for Koukkboiiglvty 
 and the fame time arrived Advices here, that a party of 
 
 Buragb77iakns
 
 I40 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Biiraghmnh)is, who had been difpatched to reduce the Kerianers 
 in Mftra River, had accordingly effected ic. 
 
 The 2oth arrived here about 20 Families in as many Boats, 
 mofily Burngbmahus, who had abandoned the Pcgners, and 
 came to take protei5\:ion of the Buraghmahns, and for that 
 purpofe fet out the fame evening for Lower Cofijong. Soon 
 after which, about 9 PM, arrived here a fmall Party of Peguers, 
 through the IVoods, about 14 or 16 in number, .they pafled by 
 our Houfe, in fuch hafte, that we had only time to afk. them 
 who they were ? where the body of their People was ? and 
 what number they confillcd of ? to which they only anfwered 
 they were Peguers, their Party was below, and that they 
 confifled of about 500. Then afking if the Buraghmahns 
 were here ? and, being refolved negatively, fet out 
 immediately. 
 
 The 23th arrived 5 Buraghimh Boats from Khouhkhovghn, 
 and from that to the 28th about 35 more, which made the 
 number amount to 40 fighting Boats, and were manned with 
 about Soo effective Men, befides thcfc, a Party of theirs 
 came by land of about 200 Men, and the fame day arrived 
 at their Camp, part of thofe 20 Families, which I have already 
 faid arrived here on the 20th inftant, and fet out again the 
 fame day for Conjong, who happening to be intercepted, the 
 day after, by two Pcgti fighting Boats, were many of them 
 cut off, others taken, and thofe which came to the Camp 
 efcapcd. 
 
 The 2d June, in the evening, 35 of the Boats went down 
 the River (the others being difpatched on tb.c look out) 
 in order to meet the Honourable Company's Schooner, on 
 44 board 
 
 AfA and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 141 
 
 board of which were cxpcded to be the remaining tivo 
 Embajfadors, who had hitherto waited an opportunity to come 
 hitlier; and the 3d, at 9 PM, they returned again with the 
 Schooner, and the two Embtjjfadors, on board her, jis expeffted, 
 and, on the 5th, thcfe two EtnhaJJ'adors fct out for the King 
 at Dagon, with the Chief of Negrais his Letter. 
 
 The 7th arrived here thofe Btiraghmahns ( being about 
 16 Famihes) which had fince the Defertion of this Town, 
 taken fhelter at Negrais ; they now entered into the Party, 
 and protedlion of their own Faftion ; and were received 
 without further moleftation, than being each Family cefTed 
 3 Tickle. From this time forward the General fuffered fevcral 
 of his Troops, thofe with their Boats as well as others, to 
 retire to their Homes ; (perhaps on fome pecuniary conlideration 
 made him) to follow their neceflary vocations, as preparing 
 for Tillage, &c. infomuch that on the 17th there remained 
 but 7 fighting Boats, with which he that morning went down 
 ;he River, as he faid, in queft of the Enemy: But it is probable 
 he did not go with that intention, fince it is evident he did 
 not go into that Quarter where he well knew they lay, viz. 
 about Pooloo ; for on the zoth two ftout Pegu Boats, well 
 manned, arrived here, and burnt the Birraghmah Houfes, then 
 fet out again immediately. 
 
 On the 24th there arrived from the Bilrnghmah King, at 
 Dflgon, two Embajfadors (one of them being one of thofe 
 which came to Mr. Brooke from the King in April laft) 
 dcfigned for Negrais, to the Chief there, with a Prefent of 
 two Horfes, 100 Vifs of Wax, 100 Vifs of Teeth, and 
 a Ring ; they were efcorted with about 20 fighting Boats, 
 well equipped and manned, with about 600 Men. The 28th 
 arrived here the Party confifting of 7 Boats, which left this 
 45 P p the 
 
 iFA and PEGU.
 
 JiFA and PEGU. 
 46 
 
 142 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the 17th inftanr, but brought with them no jokens of having 
 diftrefled the Peguers : Their Chief now put himfelf under 
 Orders of him who commands the Party from Dagon, and 
 is now Chief of all ranks of the Fadion in this Quarter. 
 
 This Chief fent his Orders into all parts of this Neighbourhood,, 
 commanding the Seggees of the Villages, each to bring in his 
 Quota of Men and Grain; which being accordingly done, 
 they made themfelves ready for an Expedition, and fet ouf, 
 with about 50 Boats, in queft of the Peguers, on the 5th July, 
 but firft of all to efcort the Embajfadors, as far down the River, 
 as they (hould think paft any danger from the Enemy. 
 
 The 6th in the evening we received News that the King^ 
 (as we have hitherto called him) late at Dagon, had fct out 
 thence, fomc fifteen days fince, to go into the Ava Dominiont, 
 to oppofe the late Btlraghmah King's Son, who, it appears, 
 has invaded the Kingdom in that Quarter, from the fide of 
 Si(j»i, and contends for the Crozi-n of his late Fathir^ 
 
 Capj
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 143 
 
 Captain George Baker's Journal of a Joint EmbafTy to 
 the King of the Buraghmahns. 
 
 Having received Orders, from the Chief of NcjrraJs, to 
 accompany the King of rhe BthagJmalns two Einbajfadors to 
 their Prince, Lieut. John North and fmflfkt out, from Negrais, 
 I'n company with them, the 1 7th July, as Embajfadors from th.e 
 Honourable Company, being provided by Henry Brooke, Efq. with 
 a Prefent for that Prince ; confiding of 4 Pieces of Iron Cannon^ 
 one a 12, the odier three 9 pounders; 80 i"/-;}/ and 4 Che ft s- 
 of Pozvdcr, together v.-ith fome few things of lefs vahie ; 
 having Orders from the faid Henry Brooke, Efq. for the 
 concluding a Treaty of Friendfl:ip and Alliance, between tUc 
 Prince and our Honorable Maflers. 
 
 Arriving at Verfaim, the i9t!i, and having prepared our 
 Boats, in the beft manner we couFd, proceeded on our Paffao-c 
 again the 21ft in the Afternoon. 
 
 On the 23d arrived' at the §lv.ala of Coanjong, where my 
 Colleague, Lieut. John North, was feized with an Aguiili fit, 
 which terminated in a continued Fever. 
 
 The 24th at 6 in the evening left this Place again and ar 
 5 in the Afternoon on 
 
 agam 
 
 TA and rEGZr. 
 
 47 
 
 The 2_5th reached KotMomr Creek, which we ieft 
 lin 
 
 The 26th at 7 in the moriung ; and on 
 
 The
 
 AFA and PEGU. 
 48 
 
 144 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Tlie 27th, at 3 in the afternoon, arrived at Lameanahf 
 M'lierc we continued 'till 
 
 Tiie 29th in the morning ; and at 4 o'clock the fame 
 evening reached Bowcbagang, where we were confirmed la 
 the Truth of a Report, whjch we had heard fome days 
 before, viz. That the French and Peguers together, had both 
 with Shipping and on flioar, attacked the Biiraghmahns at 
 Dagon, and that they had made themfelves Mafters of the 
 F/iiglifl?, and other Veflcls there, and plycd all their Cannon 
 on the Buragknmb Camp, in fo much that there then remained 
 a probability of their being routed thence : This we thought 
 a material affiur, though it was not yet decided, and therefore 
 forwarded a Letter to the Chief of Ncgrais, with the moft 
 circumftantial Account of it that we could procure. Now 
 my Colleague's Fever began to intermit, having reduced him 
 to a ftate of great weaknefs. 
 
 The 30th, in morning, left BozvchagatJg, and lay the following 
 Night at Tombay, which we left again. 
 
 The -^ift, at 2 in the Afternoon, and at about the {-ime 
 time of day, on 
 
 Friday, the ift Auguft, got out into the Great River, leading 
 from Ava, which, had the King been at D,}goo>i, we fliould 
 have gone thereby ; But, now the Buraghmah Gentlemen 
 acknowledged themfelves convinced that he was gone up, of 
 which they hitherto pretended to doubt; we urged to them 
 the ncccflity of our making all poffible difpatch, which they 
 promil'ed to do, to the utmofl of their power. 
 
 The
 
 FA and PEGU. 
 49 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 145 
 
 The 3d, at Sunfet, we arrived at Lnndpy, where we flaid 
 for the Boat, that carried the Guns, to get a Mad and Sail, 
 Ihe being the thing that fo greatly prolongs our Paffagc. 
 
 At 10 in the forenoon, of the 6th, we left Lundfey, and 
 having pafled Saladan (a Place remarkable for the great 
 quantities of Timber it produces) and three or four places 
 of lefs note, arrived 
 
 The 9th, in the evening, at Prone: having left the Boat 
 with the Guns, fomething behind us, in order to procure 
 a more commodious Boat for Mr. North, againft (lie mio-ht 
 come, he being not yet perfeftly recovered, and attributed it, 
 chiefly, to the inconveniencies he fuffered in that we now 
 were. 
 
 The Weather proving remarkably calm, and the Frefhes 
 exceeding ftrong, it was the nth ere the Boat with the Guns 
 arrived; and, that no time might be loft, we prevailed on 
 her to fet out again the next day. Having now fufficiently 
 experienced how tedious it was to go up this River, at this 
 Scafon, and particularly informed ourfclves (from fuch People 
 as probably could have no Intereft in mifguiding us) in how 
 long a time we might perform the refiduc of our Paflage ; 
 received fuch an Account, as by no means left us any reafon 
 to think we could return to Ne^rais, in Seafon for a Veffel 
 to be dilpatched thence to the Coi^Jl, and be able to return 
 again before the NE Monfoon : On this we again remonftrated, 
 to the Head- Man of the Boats of our Fleet, and the Governor 
 of Prone, together with the two Embajfadors, how great a 
 difappointment to His Mcijejly, fliould he pleafe to fign the 
 Treaty, if we could not return to Negrais, In fcafon for a Veflcl 
 to be fent to the Coajl, and return from thence again before 
 
 Q.q the
 
 AFA and PEGU. 
 50 
 
 146 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the NE Monfoon ; to which they iinanimoufly anfwered, 
 we fliould be forwarded with all poffible difpatch ; but, 
 notwithftanding this, we forefaw how unlikely it was, we 
 fliould arrive at Nep-ch again, time enough for this purpofe, 
 and therefore wrote to Mr. Brooke, advifing him of the 
 improbability of it ; and at the fame time informing him that the 
 Biiraghmahns, had not only ma.de a Sally out of their Works, 
 and defeated the Befwgers, but alfo compelled the Vcflels to 
 withdraw froni thence ; and how much the People in general 
 were irritated againft Capt. Szcainc, " whofe conduct, faid they, 
 argued him (and confequently You) our Enemy" Being well 
 allured of overtaking the Boat with the Guns, ftaid here for 
 the benefit of Mr. North's health (who was now feized by 
 a Flux} 'till the 1411?, and then fet outT in the Afternoon. 
 
 The 1 7th touched at Camma, and fct out again immediately 
 after^ 
 
 The 19th, at Mcachaga-iig, met the General'ijfimo of the 
 King's whole Troops, with about 80 Boats, and 4000 Men 
 bound to Dagooii ; to re-inforce and take the Command of 
 the Army there ; to whom on confideration of the lituation 
 of our Affairs at Dagon and Syrian, we had, when we firfl 
 heard of his coming down, reiblved, when we fhould meet 
 him, to procure an interview, and make him fome Prefent,- 
 in Older to mitigate, and cool, his refentment ngainfl our Shipping, 
 in that Quarter ; Mr. Nurth being ill, I paid him my 
 Compliments in his own Boat, and at the fame time prefentcd 
 him with fundry things, to about 100 Rupees value; and 
 after a little Converfatlon, in which he fliewed great hopes 
 of taking Syrian, and deflroying the French VefTels, I took 
 my leave, and we each proceeded on our rcfpeiflive Voyages. 
 The 23d arrived at Mdhne, where wc flayed about an hour, 
 
 and
 
 VA aud PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 147 
 
 and fet out again. The 24th, at night, reached Taynanpng^ 
 or Earth-oil toivn, where we (laid the night, and fet out 
 the 25th, in the morning; and on the 27th, about 2 o'Clock: 
 in the afternoon, arrived at I'oungoue, where having procured 
 a Houfe we carried my Colleague on Ihoar, who \\a5 now 
 reduced to a fiate of fuch weaknefs, as not to be able to 
 walk, or even fland j and his diftemper, ftill raging, indicated 
 the approach of Death, which accordingly happened, tlie 
 30th, at I paft 9 in the morning ; and he was interred the 
 fame evening, with all the Decency that the Circumftances of 
 Place, and Neceflaries, would admit of; the Ceremooy being 
 performed, I again remonftrated to the Embajfadors, &c. the 
 necelfity I apprehended there was, of our making more difpatch 
 than what we had yet done ; to which they anfv/ered as they 
 did before that all poflible hafte fliould be made; and indeed 
 it muft. be confefled, that there could fcarcely be any other 
 method ufed to forward the Boat with the Guns, (as fhe 
 was full manned with Oars and provided with a very large Sail) 
 except that of having People ready (for her Crew was 
 changed at almoft every Town) af each ftage to go on board 
 her, as foon as fhe fliould arrive at it, which I propofed to 
 them, and in order to it, they generally lent a light Boat 
 a-head, to get the People ready againil fhe came ; but I 
 think it was not fo well executed, as to afford all the advantage 
 that might be expected from it. The 3ifl:, at Sunrife, we fet 
 out from Toungoue, and after having touched at feveral Imall 
 Places, of fome 30, others 40 or 50 Houfes, it was the 
 8th September, before we arrived at the late Seat of the 
 Empire, Ava, which is now governed, under the King, by 
 his Brother-in-Law ; on whom I waited, and was kindly 
 received; at leafl in fuch manner as is, in this Country, generally 
 efteemed fo. The 9th at Sunrife we fet out for Khounmeoiif 
 a Town, on the Bank of the River, where the King always 
 
 51 lauds 
 
 s.
 
 AFJ auA PEGU, 
 52 
 
 148 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 lands, or embarks, going on, or coming from, any Expedition ; 
 and on the 12th, at about 3 in the afternoon, arrived there, 
 when the Governor immediately difpatchcd notice thereof to 
 the King. On the 13th, I waited on this Governor, by whom 
 too I was kindly received ; He told mc, he had advifcd 
 his Majefly of our Arrival, and cxpefted an Anfwer that day ; 
 and, as I underftood after, came accordingly to call the 
 Head Man of the Party, which came with us, and the 
 Buraghmab Embajfador, (the Armenian having no Orders to 
 come, durft not repair to Court 'till he was called) the others 
 fct out on the 14th, in order, perhaps, to report the £1;^/ of 
 their Etnbujfy. On the 15th the Bunighmab Emba[fador returned 
 to Khounmeon again, with Orders to accompany 'us back to 
 the King, and on the 16th in the forenoon fet out, and, 
 after having laid by confiderably in the way, reached the 
 Town about Scnfct, and was lodged, by the King's Appointment, 
 in a Houfe, prepared for the purpofe, juft without the middle 
 Eaft Gate. When the Buragkmah Emha^ador waited on the 
 King, to acquaint him of our arrival, and foon after his Secretary 
 came, by his Order, to take an Inventory of our Prefenf, which 
 being done, he returned with it direftly to him. On the 17th, 
 in the morning, I was given to underftand, that he intended to 
 admit me to a Publick Audience, in the evening; and, for that 
 purpofe (having difpofed of every thing to the bed advantage 
 for the difplaying the grandeur of his State) I fet out at 4 o'clock, 
 accompanied by 10 or 12 of his Officers, the 4 Chells of 
 Powder, fome Shot, 2 Mufquets, 2 Brals Carbines, i Gilt 
 Looking Glafs, 2 Bags of red Earth, and 6 Bottles of Lavender 
 Water, being carried, with the Governor's Letter, on a piece 
 of clean Muflin, in proccffion before us; and entering the Gate, 
 paffed through two ranks of Elephants and Horfcs, promifcu- 
 oufly difpofed of, and interfperfed with Crouds of People, 
 (perhaps the major part of the inhabitants of the Town) untill 
 
 wc
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 149 
 
 we eame to a Street leading to the Pahce-Tard, where were 
 
 difpofed of in rows, about 200 Pieces of Brafs Patareroes, and 
 
 Cannnn, and having advanced near the Yard Gate, where we 
 
 could view the King on his Throne, began our Compliments, * 
 
 from whence to the Palace Steps, we were conducled by about 
 
 20 Mufqueleers, headed by a Dru?n. In this part of the IValk, 
 
 were feated at little diftances on each fide, fcveral Bands of 
 
 various forts of Mufick, and IVo-men Dancers, unto the Steps 
 
 afcending the Prefence Room, where I entered in the midft of 
 
 a Croud of Officers, in their Court Drtfs, the King's tivo Eldeft 
 
 Sons, being feated on Carpets, one on each fide the joot of 
 
 his Throne where their Father fat in State. Having paid him 
 
 my Compliments, he looked at me for fome time, and at 
 
 length faid. How does your King do ? I anfwered, he was well 
 
 when 
 
 * Which were performed on the Knees, bowing the Head three times Ivm 
 down ; this was repeated three feparate times, from the Place, where it was 
 firft begun, to the Pataee Steps. It muft be confeffed it was an extraordinary 
 Ceremony, as I had it in ray power to have refufed, at Icaft not voluntarily 
 to have fubmitted to the performance of it, but what would have been the 
 Confequence ? I conceive the preventing an amicahle Intervieiv, breakino- 
 off the Treaty, and confirming them in the Opinion which they, either real 
 or pretendedly, entertained, fince our Ships firing on them, of our beiug in 
 a Comhination with the Peguers, againft them. But it may be ob-eded 
 perhaps, that The Honourahle Company^! Dignity is not to be proftituted 
 after fuch manner, on any Condition : I anfwer, the Cuftom of this Country 
 is well known ; that fome fuch Ceremony has been always paid, and they 
 that wqmM. reform the manners of a. Jealous Prince, or bigotted People, need 
 niuch/or« or eloquence ; I was mailer of neither. Moreover I was poflefTed 
 of no Inftruftions on that Head, and I could not juftify niyfelf to thofc who 
 had an Authority to examine me, for interrupting that friendfliip and good 
 underftanding which we might expect to enfiie from this Journey, on a 
 pimftilio, which in a little time, by prudent management, I believe, may 
 i and PEGU. in a great mcafurc be got over, B 
 
 SI R r
 
 150 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 when we had the laft accounts from Europe. How old is ht? 
 
 feventy-two Years. Is he at Peace with his neighbouring 
 
 Princes ? Yes, and has been fince the laft War with our old 
 
 Enemy the French, which is now about 6 Years. Having 
 
 paufed fome time, at length fays he, Your Ships that were at 
 
 Dagon with Mr. fFhitebill, I treated with kindnefs, and fupplied 
 
 them with what they wanted, and at my leaving that Place, 
 
 to come here to keep our faft, defired him that, in cafe it 
 
 (hould be required in my abfence, on an emergency, to affift 
 
 my People; or at leaft not to join the Pegners againft themi 
 
 which though he promifed to obferve, yet was the firft that 
 
 fired on them ; I anfwered, I was heartily grieved at his 
 
 being guilty of fo radi^ and imprudent an Adion ; and 
 
 that I was fure His Majejly himfelf could not be mor« 
 
 offended at him than Mr. Brooke would be for it; However 
 
 hoped, that, on due examination, it would in the event 
 
 appear clearly to His Majejly, that, it was either the force 
 
 of the Peguers, or the fraud and device of our inveterate 
 
 Enemies, the French, which had compelled, or feduced him to 
 
 it : But fays he, had not Mr. Brooke any hand in this ; was 
 
 it not by his Counfel ? I gave him all the aflurances to the 
 
 contrary, that I thought would be moft likely to convince 
 
 him, and concluded that head, with averring, that I was fure 
 
 no other Human Affair could give him fo great uneafmefs, 
 
 as the News of this would do. He then ordered the Letter 
 
 to be read, to which he gave a calm attention 'till coming 
 
 to thefe Words, " As you will, by this means, obtain an 
 
 " Jlliance and Friend/hip with io great a Pozver as the Honourable 
 
 " Eajl India Company, who can fend you fuch Affiftance as 
 
 " will fupport Tour Majejly' s 'Throne, againft all future Rebellions, 
 
 " Doniejlick feuds, and foreign Enemies" At which he affedled 
 
 a very hearty laugh, (and his Officers in attendance, like true 
 
 JFJ and PEGU. Courtiers, joined in the Chorus) faid, have I aficed ? or, do 
 
 I want 
 54
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 151 
 
 I want any Affiftancc to reduce my Enemies to fubjec^ion ? 
 let none conceive inch an opinion ? have I not, in three Ycai-s 
 time, extended my Conqucft three Months journey on every 
 Qi_iartcr, without the help of Cannon, or Muftets ? Nar, 
 I have with Bhidgcons only, oppofed and defeated thefe 
 Pegiiers, who dellroyed the Capital of this Kingdom ; and took 
 the Prince prifencr ; and, a Month hence, I intend to go, 
 with a great force, in perfon to Dag^con, where I have an 
 Army now lying; when I will advance to the JValls o( Pegu ; 
 blocade, and ftarve them out of it, which is the Li/i T'ozt'n 
 I have now to take, to compleat my Coaquejl ; and then I 
 will go in queft of Bonrno. Then the Secretary proceeding 
 on to thefe Words, " thefe Gentlemen may be Witneffes to 
 " Your Majefiys placing your Signet to the Contract on your 
 '* Tart, &c. he again afFecled the fame mirth (and was too 
 again joined by his Courteous attendance) faying, What 
 Madman wrote that ? * the Letter being gone through, he 
 fays. Captain, fee this Sword, it is now three Years, fince it 
 has been conftantly exercifed m chaftifing my Enemies ; it 
 is indeed almoft blunt with ufe, but it fhall be continued to 
 the fame, 'till they are utterly difperfed ; don't talk of Affiftance, 
 I require none, the Peguers I can wipe away as thus. -[- 
 
 I told him I was convinced of hfs potency, but hoped at 
 the fame time our voluntary Offer would not be taken in bad 
 part. He anfwcrs, See thefe Arms and this Thigh (drawing- 
 the fleeves- of his Vefture over his Shoulders, and tuckin^^ the 
 
 D 
 
 lower 
 
 * Alluding to the Biiraghmah who tranflated the Letter, for he thouo•h^ 
 
 or pretended to think, it flrange, that one of his own Subiecls (hould think, 
 
 (in which tit fnppofed the Tranflator to agree with the Writer of the 
 
 iVA and PEGU Original) that he who had recovered mod of all the Ancient Dominionj, 
 
 fliould want a.Tiftance to take the Lajl T/>-A->t, as he called it. J^ 
 
 55 t Drawing the Palm of one Hand over the other., ft
 
 AFA and PEGU. 
 
 151 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 lower part up to his Crutch) adds, amongft 1000 you won't 
 fee my match. I myfelf can crudi 100 fuch as the King of 
 Pegu. I protefl, and God knows the truth of my aflertion, 
 that State is a burthen to me, 'tis a confinement which I 
 endure only on account of the neceflity there is for it, towards 
 the fupport of Government. I have carryed my Arms to the 
 confi/ies of China; the King of which Country has fent me 
 a rich Prefent of curious things, (feveral of which he flicwed 
 me,) on the other quarter, I have reduced to my fubjeftion 
 the major part of the Kingdom of Cassav, whofe Heir I have 
 taken captive, fee there he fits behind you ; I have alfo fome 
 of the Princejjcs in my Court, they fit yonder (then fays he 
 to them) come forth, on which they pafled before us ; * 
 I have upwards of 100 near Relations, amongft the reft an 
 own Brother, there he fits, (pointing to him) and 9 children, 
 two of them Men grown, there they are : they have behaved 
 well in the late War, the third a Youth, here he is, the 
 reft are but young. To all which I gave the moft fuiiable, 
 or what I conceived would be the moft agreeable Anfwers, 
 (for I thought that was the avenue to his heart) admiring the 
 fuccefs of his Arms, telling him it was the immediate hand of 
 Providence; and declared his Prefenls from China, rich 
 and curious ; hoping my Honourable Mafters would have the 
 opportunity of prefenting to him fome of the Produce of 
 Europe, in their kinds equal to, if not furpaffing, them; 
 when it fliould be known to them, what forts would be moft 
 acceptable to His Majefiy, and hoped that his Royal Progeny 
 would, to the end of all time, perpetuate the memory of their 
 
 unparalleled 
 
 ' Capt. Baker informed me, \.h.a Prinei was about 21, and a Priiicers 
 17," who were as Hojlagn for the Fidelity of Cajfay; They were fairer 
 than the faireft of the Pegttin, but not perfeftly white. Her Features 
 were rery fine ; a long face, and an air of grandeur in her 
 
 c5 appearance. J3) 1759.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. i^- 
 
 nnparaklled Prcdecefor. After fome time he a/ked me where 
 the other Letter was, meaning the Articles, I anfwered him 
 here, He a/ked me, in what Language thej' were, I told him, 
 Englip, he then defired me to get them tranflated into 
 Bumghntah and bring them to him the next day ; on which 
 he gave the Signal for our withdrawing, which we did 
 accordingly, going through the fame Ceremony as I did at 
 my Entrance. 
 
 The 1 8th tranflated the heads of the Articles into Biiraghmahy 
 in order to have prefented them to the King, but he being 
 not difpofed to receive them that day, defired they micrht 
 be fent by Gregory, * the next ; which was accordingly 
 done, being the 19th, and caufing them to be read to him, 
 faid, what they want three Places, and will give me in lieu 
 thereof an Annual Curiojity ; and pray what is this Curiojity 
 to be ? Go aflc the Captain, Gregory came accordingly and 
 defired to know, what it was defigned to be, or whether I 
 could aflure any particular thing. I told him the Howyrahle 
 Company had exprefled themfclves in that manner, only becaufe 
 the King might have the opportunity of making known to 
 them, what would, in iheProduce of Europe, be moft acceptable 
 
 to 
 
 * The Armenian Amhaffaitor, which came with us, he was oftca 
 emplo_ved afterwards by the King in bringing jNIeflages to me, and was the 
 Man who always introduced me to him, and which brought Apologies from 
 Him, or perhaps' either forged, or new formed, them himfelf, as they were 
 generally in exceeding kind terms, whta His Majefiy defired to be excufed 
 from granting me an Audience, at my requeft, on account of his Indifpofition. 
 I was ever dubious of the uprightnefs of this Man, yet deemed it imprudent 
 to dl'.cover my diftruft, and thought it impoffible to break with him, at this 
 time, to advantage; as he had fo much the King's ear; But our moft 
 dangerous Enemy was Zachary, an Armenian by Nation, and an Accomplice 
 FA and PEGU. and Intimate of his, of whom I fliall fay more hereafter. B 
 
 51 S S
 
 154 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 to him. Gregory returned immediately with this my Aiifwer, 
 and tlie Ki/ig fent word again by him in return, that Mujlets 
 and Guns were what he made choice of, could I aflure his 
 Prefent fhould confift of that : I returned for anfwer, that he 
 might depend, it fhould. 
 
 The fame night, though late, he fent Gregory back again 
 with this Mejage, viz. that as he intended to begin the 
 Siege of Pegu, fome fix Weeks hence, he chofe rather to 
 have a good Supply of Arms now, than an Annual Prefent, 
 of them, and that he would grant the Negrais and Perfaim to 
 the Honourable Company, with a Place at Dagon, where he 
 intended to build a Town himfelf (for he was determined 
 to deftroy Syriam, and fuffer no body to inhabit there) if I 
 would afllire him he fhould be immediately fiipplied with 
 looo Mujkets, and 20 Pieces of Cannon. Thus ended all that 
 pafled material on the 19th, and on the 20th, in the morning, 
 I returned for Anfwer by Gregory again, that 1000 Mufkets 
 was a quantity that I could not aflure, however, that if His 
 Mojejly would pleafe to fign thelc Articles, I would warrant 
 that on my return to Negrais he fliould be fupplied on the 
 fpot with 75 Mujkets and fix Pieces of Cannon, * and that a 
 
 Veflel 
 
 * Here, it muft be confefled, I took a very extraordinary ftep, but the 
 
 Cafe appe.ired to mc dcfperate ; and, as I apprehended, muft have had a 
 
 fu table remedy ; for this Armenian Zachary, of whom I fpoke in Note 
 
 I'.ige 153, h.id now arrived fome two days fince, he was one of the 
 
 firft of the Strahgcn who deferted Syrian, and came over to the Kind's 
 
 }' arty -At D''go>i, where, he accidentally met this other Armenian, Gregory; 
 
 who was the only Stranger then in the Biiraghmnh Camp; and who 
 
 having followed the King in all his fortunes, fmce he was firft attacked by 
 
 the Prgucrs, after the deftruftion of Ava (of which he was then an 
 
 Inhabitant) had gained much ol' his Ffteem and Confidence; and making 
 
 •A PA and PEGU. him to believe that he was iiuimaiely acij^uainted with the Manners and 
 
 _ Intcrcfts 
 
 58
 
 ORIENTAL REPEPvTORY. 155 
 
 Veffel (liould be fent to the Coast, to rcrurn again as foon 
 as poffible with 14 Pieces of Cannon, and 525 Mujkels more ; 
 that being the iitiuoft I could afliire; however, I would ufe 
 all my Inceieft and Endeavours with Mr, Brooke, that the 
 
 number 
 
 Imeieft of the Engii/k, French, and ether Strangers ; :.nd that Zachary 
 was Majler of the tivo firf, nnd fe'veral olhir Languages, the King emjloyed 
 them in bringing, what Strangers they coulJ, over to his faCtii.n, in which 
 they fucceeded fo well, that t!.' y, by that means, jo ntlv engroflcd His 
 Maj^Jiy's favour ; and wh-ofoever c inie, whether by their inltigati'in or not, 
 they made a merit of it ; as was the cafe with all the Veffels which came 
 to Dagon, particularly Bourno. 
 
 I having before had fome acquaintance witli this Zachary, wae well 
 convinced from my Converfation with him, to what IntereJ}, refpefting the 
 French and Etiglijh he inclined ; and being confirmed in it by a careful 
 Examination of his Behaviour while at Dagon, from fundry Strangers, and 
 even the Briraghmahns themfelves j found he had but too much influenced 
 the m'nds of the King, and People, of the grandeur and ftrength of the 
 French Nation ; but, fincc the Shipping attacking Dagon, he had entertained 
 fome fear of the King's rcfentment, for what he had faid in favour of them j 
 but he found means to remove that, by declaring it a mad trick o^ Bourno' s; 
 and that he would certainly be puniflied for it at Ponduherry. He moreover 
 infinuated to the King, that he would undertake to reconcile the Affair, and 
 make the French hh friends, if His Majejly would fend him, on that EmbaJ/y, 
 to ihe'ir Pre/dent on the Coast; and, I am well informed, that the King 
 for a long time defigned it, and am not fure that he has yet dropt that 
 Refolution entirely. Here methinks I forefec it will be faid, how eafy was it 
 to convince the A7«^ o{ our Jinccrity, and the deceit of the Fnnch, particularly 
 jince Bourno came over to them, and engaged to ftiy by them at Dagon, 
 afterwards deferted them, and came again and fought againft them ; this- 
 indeed one would think were enough to convince them ;. but thcfe Armenians 
 (our Enemies) have taught thein to fay, did not the Englijh come to us, 
 promifed the King to flay by us, and we expe<fted their help accordingly, 
 'till the French and Pegucri attacked us, then, fay they, when they, if they 
 had been friends, flviuld have fliewcd theml'clves fo, fuffercd the Enemy lo 
 '^A and PEGU. come upon u?, without ojipolition ; nay, though we efteem them as friends- 
 in our bo.ora, were the firft that fired on us ; and whe.i they could not 
 59 eficL^^.
 
 156 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 number of Mufkets fliould be made 1000 ; and though I 
 could not affirm it fliould be fo, yet from the great relpeft 
 I knew Mr. Brooke to have for His Majejfy, and the ftridl 
 attachment to the Buraghmah Interejl in general, I had great 
 
 hopes, 
 
 cffeft, what they intended, eloped with the reft ; pr.iy which fliull we 
 
 efleem our greateft Enemy ? Notwithftanding this, perhaps, the King and 
 
 People,, in general, believe the whole of that Affair to be a e/evice of the 
 
 French and Peguers ; though they don't care to acknowledge it to us : 
 
 However it has afforded a fufficient handle for this Frenchified Armenian, and 
 
 he has not omitted to make the beft ufe of it : Therefore finding the King 
 
 wavering in his opinion, whether to lend him to \.hc French or not, I concluded 
 
 fomething muft be done to prevent it ; for I make no doubt, when they 
 
 know rightly the circumflanccs of Affairs, they would, if they could with 
 
 the leaft fliadow of Jiiftice or Honour, have abandoned the Peguen ; and 
 
 nothing was more likely in my opinion to do it, than coming fomething near 
 
 the King's term?, cfpecially as they were fuch as would not have proved 
 
 more difadvantageous to the Honourable Company, than the prefenting him 
 
 annually with any tolerable Curiofity, which was their o'jjn Propofition, and 
 
 more particularly fo, as they were by this exempt from the obligation oiajijling 
 
 him againfi all his Enemies, and this I do believe had its Intended effcdt, for 
 
 the next day when the Armenian waited on His Majejly, he returned to 
 
 the houfe, ffor we live and eat together) fomething chagrined, and told 
 
 me the King had been defirng him to go to P ondicherry with a Meffage 
 
 for him, but that he had excufed himfelf, and to be out of the way of 
 
 further temptation he would leave the Place the next day, which he 
 
 accordingly did ; this, as I was afterwards informed, was aftually the 
 
 contrary of what had happened, fo that I prcfume the making the King this 
 
 Offer, was the principal thing which rendered the Armenians Scheme 
 
 abortive ; though, as he 4iever after fpoke of that affair, I was cautious 
 
 not to urge it much, and o;i!y once after mentioned it; being loth to give 
 
 any Affurance, lor any particular thing, when the only reafon wh'ch could 
 
 juftify me in doing of it, feemed to be for a time effedually anfwered ; 
 
 and indeed, whether that were fufficient to have vindicated me in it, or 
 
 not, my Superiors can only juJge of, to whofe better knowledge, and 
 
 impartiality, I appeal, for their approbation or reproof, in this unwarranted 
 AFAandFEGU. ^^;^_ g 
 
 60
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 157 
 
 hopes, I (liould be able to prevail on him to grant the full 
 of His Majejly's requeft. 
 
 He then fent back word for us to wait on him on the 
 Mjrrow, viz. 21ft, and I went to the Pdace Ca e for that 
 piirpofe, but he (cat out an A"'ology, and dcfired that our 
 Attendance mi^ht be pollponed 'till the next day. 
 
 On the 22ti accordingly, I wjiir.?d on Hi>n, at about 
 
 4 o'clock in the Afternoon, when he happened to be bufy 
 
 with his Court, about other bullnefs ; and therefore fat near 
 
 an hour before he nccofted me, which was again with the 
 
 Story of the Shipping i how ill they (our E':gUflo) had requ'rcd 
 
 his favours, I anfwered him in fuch manner as at length 
 
 he confelfed, he believed Mr. IVh'iie'All not g-dty, but Szvaine 
 
 he aihrmed to be refolved in a fcheme with Bourno. However 
 
 favs he, you fee my Army repulfed them, notwithflantjmg 
 
 their force and treachery, but how can we truft you again ? 
 
 however, I am willing to try how far you will prove truely 
 
 my friends, and therefore we will now live, as heretofore, in 
 
 amity, and you may have a Place as cuftomary at Perjaim, 
 
 and Dagon, (for we intend to deftroy Syrian) but fays he, 
 
 with what Intention did you come to Negrais ? and witiiout 
 
 (lading for the Anfwer, went on again with Encomiums on 
 
 himfelf, and fuccefs ; and ran on with a Narrative of all 
 
 his JJlions, infomuch that I had not the opportunity ro iay 
 
 any thing, but fignifying my approbation of what he Lw] ; 
 
 at length he concluded, with faying : now we fhall fee how 
 
 far you will be our friends, and I will deal accordmgly with 
 
 The Company, then I told him if he would pleafe to prant 
 
 their Requeji, I would aflure he would be fiipplied with the 
 
 'A and PEGU, Arms, &c. 1 had before warranted ; on that Condition, he faid, 
 
 T t I have 
 
 61
 
 ArA and peg: 
 
 15S ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 I have granted them the Ncgnvs, and a Place at Per/aim, and 
 DagoH, but come again to-morrow morning. 
 
 The 23d in the morning I was defired to defer my 
 attendance 'till the evening, between 4 and 5 o'clock, then 
 I accordingly waited on Him, and having fat a little while, 
 he called the Secretary and diflated to him Mr. Brooke's 
 Letter, which was in our hearing; but I finding he tolerated 
 The Honourable Company with liberty for Factories at Perfiim 
 and Dagoji only, without any mention of Negrais, and all this 
 without any form of fecurity, I defired His Majejly, that he 
 would plcafe to make a Grant of that to them alfo, as Ships 
 of Burthen could not be brought up to Fer/aim to repair ; 
 and becaufe that it was particularly iifeful as a Harbour, which 
 The Honourahle Company often wanted to flielter their Ships, 
 as it was at one Seafon of the Year dangerous lying on the 
 Coaji. 
 
 Why you are there, are you not ? but I thought you had 
 wanted to come all to Vcrj'aim. * However I don't tell you 
 
 not 
 
 * To this I could give no determinate Anfwcr ; and, in feveral other 
 refpe(Ss, found the want of Particular Inftruciions, for had I known where 
 The Honourahle Company would have chofcn to have had their Faftory, 
 when Per/aim had been refufcd, I believe I might have had a Verbal 
 Grant of it, for whenever that fliall be afkcd again, as it iiuill be if they 
 chufe it, at any other Place than near Per/aim, it will be cftccmcd by the 
 King as another favour granted ; and whofoever fliall be hereafter deputed 
 by You to treat with the King, will, I am perfuaded, need Particular 
 Inftraiflions on almoft every Head that can happen ; or the Coni.hifion 
 of his Bufinefs will in all appearance be put oft" 'tiil the next t ime, &c. &c. 
 that being a hole which they never fail to creep out at. Though after all 
 it muft be confeflbd, the manner of your Proceedings with them is rather 
 begging a favour, than coming to terms with them, on one equal footing; 
 and therefore I believe the fucccfi of the whole affair depends upon the 
 
 g, niauner, and other Circumllances, of the next Einbalfy. B
 
 ORIENTAL REPEPvTORY. 159 
 
 not to flay there, but let me fee The Company's generoftty, and 
 then they fliall fee mine; we are yet but Strangers, this is 
 ' the firft time you have ever feeii my face, I don't ycc well 
 know your Intention of flaying there, for what inftance have 
 I had of your llncerity, I treated your Ships at Dagmr, with, 
 fingular kindnefs, and they proved traitorous to me after it; 
 let me fee how The Company will behave thi^ time, let them 
 fhow their generojiiy, and tnhe fliall not be zvanting. I don't 
 care if they bring all Madras to Negrais, if they behave 
 kindly now ; for this is the only time by v/hich I fliall 
 judge of their friendflilp. Then he gave the fignal to 
 withdraw, and come again in. the morning. 
 
 The 24th in the, morning I went to the Pa/ace Gate, to 
 have waited on him, but was told he defired I would come 
 in the evening, I went in the evening accordingly, but was told 
 he was indifpofed, and would have me come the next day. * 
 
 1 went accordingly, viz. the 25th in the afternoon, but 
 he being (as I was told) greatly indifpofed ; I was defued to 
 come to the Roundtiy, the next day, where the Governor's Letter 
 fliould be delivered to me by the King's Council, unlefs I 
 had any particular defire to take my Leave of His Majejiy 
 in perfon, I told them, I was entirely devoted to the 
 King's Plcafure, with refpeft to that : I then was given to 
 underftand the fame night, that he would admit nie to an 
 Audience the next morning. 
 
 The 26th, I kept a peifon at the Palace the whole day, to 
 know when it fliauld be the King's Pkafure to admit me ; but at 
 
 niv'^ht 
 
 '''A and PEGU. 
 
 * His Indifpofiuon was exceji-vc grief for a favourite CoacuhinCy wh© 
 03 then lay dangcroufly ill. B
 
 i6o ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 night was told, as heretofore, that His Majeflyi Indifpofition 
 had fo much increafed, that he could not grant an Ai(die»ce, 
 and therefore defired me to come again in the morning ; 
 hoping he might be better then, I went accordingly about 
 lo o'clock in the morning, on the 27th to the Imier Roun^ay, 
 from whence a Meffenger informed His Majejly of my coming, 
 who returned for an Anfwer in Writing, don't take it amifs 
 Captain, that I cannot grant you an Interview, my Indifpofirion 
 will not admit of it ; * I have therefore fent, by my firji Minijler, 
 The Company's Letter, and ordered him to give you a Horfe, 
 return again with difpatch and meet me at Dagon, or in the 
 way thither, then Tke Company fliall not want what they 
 would have; I have Elephant's Teeth, Wax, &c. &c. ready 
 for them, this being read, and interpreted to me, the Minijler 
 delivered me the King's Letter, and ordered the Horfe to be 
 fent to my Hoiife, I then anfwered the King's Apology and faid, 
 I am far from thinking ill of His Majefly for not granting 
 me an Audience of Leave, at fuch Conjunfture ; I am on 
 the contrary heartily grieved for his Indifpofition, and hoped 
 his recovery would be fpeedy ; for which I fhould not ceafe 
 to pray ; then paying my Compliments, took my leave and 
 withdrew to my Houfe, where I made ready for fetting out 
 the next morning. 
 
 Sunday, 28th September, at 4 in the morning fet out for 
 Khounnieon, where arrived at 10 the fame forenoon, and 
 employed the rcfidue of the day in preparing for our 
 Departure. 
 
 The 
 
 * At this lvmt-\\'.i favourite l:iy at the Point of Death, and expired about 
 two hours after. She was Daughter to a petty frince, whofe Dominion lay 
 jlF'A end PEGU, about i 5 days Journey to the 'North^'ard of Momchabue, and whom the King 
 , had fubdued ; aiiii taken this Piinceji Captive. B
 
 ■^A and PEGU. 
 6s 
 
 OPvIENTAL REPERTORY. i6t 
 
 The 29th, at 5 in the forenoon, left Khounmeon, and 
 
 On the 30th, at 10 AM, arrived at Ava, where we (laid 
 24 hours to get Rice, &c. and then 
 
 On the I ft of Odober, at 10 AM, left that Place, and at 
 Midnight, (for we went night and day) between the 2d and 
 3d, arrived at PegangYoungue ; Where, on the morning following, 
 we were informed that there had a Boat paffed that Place, two 
 days before, with a Letter for us, on which I immediately 
 difpatched a Man to Ava by Land, that being the Qiorteft 
 way, to order her back here, where I refolved to ftay 'till 
 her Return; expedling at the fame time ftie might get 
 mformation in her Paflage, that we were come down, and 
 that on that News flie would immediately return hither; 
 but it happened that (lie received no certain account of our 
 being come down 'till (lie arrived at Ava', (Where flie met 
 the meflenger I fent from Toungue). 
 
 It was the loth, in the morning, before (he arrived, when, 
 finding the Letter to import no reafon for our returning to the 
 King, as at firft was doubtful, we left that Place immediately. 
 
 On the 14th, in the evening, arrived at Prone. 
 
 On the 1 6th, in the morning, fet out from thence again; 
 and 
 
 On the 17th, in the evening, arrived at Lundfcy. 
 
 The 1 8 th left Lundfcy. 
 
 Uu Oa
 
 i62 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 On tlie 19th, entered the mouth of the NfgraJs Rhcr; 
 and 
 
 On the 20th, arrived at Khoukkouiu 
 
 The 23d left Khoukkouiu 
 
 The 24th arrived at Covjoeng ^uaiuLi, where continued 
 for an Efcort of Birragh-ituih Boats 'till 
 
 The 27th, and then left that Place, 
 
 The 29th, arrived at Per/aim, where {laid about an hour, 
 and fet out again, and 
 
 On the 30th, arrived at Negrafs. 
 
 This is an ExaSl and true Account of our Pajage ta 
 Momchabue, my tranfaElions with the King there, in every 
 refpeft (fome Repetitions rerpe(fling his fuccefs in the Wars 
 only excepted, of which he feemed to think he could hardly 
 fay enougli) and Return from thence. As Witnefs my hand. 
 
 George Baker. 
 
 jtrj a»H PEGU. 
 
 66 A Short
 
 ORIENTAL REPEPvTORY. 163 
 
 A Short Characler of the King of tlie Biiraghmahns, 
 
 It being but ten Days that I refided at Afomchabuey and 
 ehher on account of His Majejlys real Affliction, or pretended 
 Illnefs, had no very frequent accefs at Covrt ; and not being 
 able to fpeak the Language -well, it can't be fuppofcd that 
 I can give a very /////, or general Defcription of tins Pririce, 
 or bis Policy: However I will fay a few words, fuch as has 
 come to my knowledge, of his Riff, IFars, Perfon and 
 Government, and that as foUowcth. 
 
 A: the redudlion of Ava by the Peguers, ' and the taking 
 the then King Captive, he was a Seggee, (i. e. the Head of 
 a niLige) over about 300 families, inhabiting a lil/Ie Spot, 
 where his Capital now Hands, called Momchabue. Soon after 
 the Riijah * had made himfelf Mailer oi Ava, he fent an Oilicer, 
 ■with about 100 Men, to neighbouring Fillages, to adminifter 
 the Oaths of Allegiance, and amongft the reft to Momchabue ; 
 "When they were told by the Seggee (now King) that he was 
 not prepared for the performance of that Ceremony, after a. 
 manner that he could wlfli, to honour thofe with who were 
 to adminifter it ; and therefore begged they would plcafe to 
 make their tour to the neighbouring FilLiges firft, and, by 
 their return, he would make provifion for the performance of 
 it, fuitable to the occafion : The Pegu Officer went his Rounds 
 accordingly, and returning to Momchabue was kindly received 
 
 _. ^y 
 
 * Captain Baicr informed me the King of Ava put to death ia 
 
 Odlober 1753, was the 35 in a diiecl Line of that Family, in a perieJ 
 
 of 375 Year?, which goes bick A. D. 1378. Another Line befere this, 
 
 for time immemcri;il. I am doubtful if the year, on which he was put to 
 
 A and PEGU. '^"'''' '^'^' '753. "r i7S4. ^ 
 
 * Apporazah, Brother to the Klnsr olPf^u, commonly, though erroneoufly, 
 ^7 called Upper Rajah, J2)
 
 1.64 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 by his HoJ}, who was to be fworn the next day ; but, purfuant 
 to a premeditated RefoUition, the Peguers were all fet on, 
 and mauacred, in the night. 
 
 The news of the Peguers being cut off, at length reached 
 the Rajah's ears at Ava, who fent a Party of about looo Men 
 to chaftife the Aggreflbrs but he, in the Interim, had taken 
 all nccefTary precautions for his Defence, got a good party 
 of men together, and made himfelf a little Tenable Inclofure, 
 in which he defended himfelf againfl: this party of Peguers^ 
 and at length, in a fkirmifli, flaughtered many and difperfed 
 the reft. 
 
 The Rainy Seafon being now commenced, he was attacked 
 no more this Year, as the Rajah returned to Pegu, leaving 
 a Garrifon only in Ava. The Seggee, or as the People began 
 now to call him, by the Grace of God the Great Man, began 
 to be famous, and the fugitive Prince, the King of Ava's Son, 
 who had quitted that Place before /'/ was taken, about this 
 time, took flielter under his Proteftion ; on which all the 
 neighbouring Country, united with them, and amongft the 
 reft the ^ois, who had been a fore thorn in the King of Ava's 
 fide during his Wars with the Peguers. 
 
 The fair Ifcather Seafon being now commenced again, the 
 Peguers began their Campaign, and brought a great Body of 
 Troops againft Mrmchabue, and (not to dci'cend to particulars) 
 w^re again defeated, and retired to Ava. About this time 
 the Pri>!ce, Son of the Captive King, abfconded from Momchahie, 
 on fufpicion of their having fome treacherous defign on his 
 Perfon, and retired into the Siam Dominions ; foon after, the 
 fame feafon, the Biiraghmahns attacked Ava, and made 
 ihemfelves mafters of //, and not long after that again, the 
 68 Great 
 
 ArA and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 165 
 
 Great Man, as I now call him, maffacred all the ^>ois, that 
 were then at Momcbabne, being about 700, alledging that 
 they had laid a fcheme, to have effeded the fame thing on 
 them; he, having now no rival in his neighbourhood, and 
 being poflefled of a good pofTe of Troops, extended his 
 conqueft on every Qnarter, and to the Southward as far 
 as near Toungeoe. 
 
 This was the State of his Affairs, when in Nrvember 
 1754, on x.\iePegHers having put the King of the Buriiglmiahis 
 to death, the Bitraghmahns, in Prone, maflacred all the Pegu 
 Officers, Soldiers, and common People of that Nation then there, 
 and as there was no Pegu Garrifons above that Town, they 
 difpatched a Meflenger to Motnchabue, to beg the Great Man 
 to come to their affiftance; adiuing him of their readinefs 
 to receive him as their Sovereign, on which he made as 
 fpeedy preparations as poffible, and after having fent a Body 
 of Troops, under one of his principal Officers, into the Siam 
 Dominions, to oppofe the lineal Heir to the Crown, and ^(ois, 
 both of which were now his Enemies, he departed for Prone; 
 where he arrived very feafonably for the relief of that P/ar^, it 
 being then clofely befieged by the Peguers, which fiege however 
 he found means to raife, after having killed and taken many 
 of their troops, and caufed the reft to retire down, within 
 two days journey of Sjrian, at a place called PanLing or 
 Sinyangong, 
 
 Being thus fuccefsful in the Wars, he began now to take 
 a Prince-like-Jiate on him, and to receive the Compliments, 
 and Courtefies ufually paid to Sovereigns, in this Country ; 
 (which before he abfolutely refufed, faying, God would fend 
 the People a Prince, he for his part was only as an Introdudtion 
 r^ and PEGU, to a Revolution.) 
 
 69 
 
 X X Having
 
 i66 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 
 
 Having now made himfelf mafter of this important PLiee, 
 
 where he got many Boats, and had abundance of People flock 
 
 to him, he refolved to pufh his Conqueft, and accordingly 
 
 attacked the Peguers again, at Panlujig, which he carried 
 
 by ftorm, and thofe which efcapcd of that Party retiring to 
 
 Syrian, he followed them to Da^on, where he pitched his 
 
 Cai7ip, and here (as there had indeed many before) abundance 
 
 oi Buraghniahns, which were hitherto witli the /"t-n-z/tTJ, defcrted 
 
 them, and came to him ; here he continued 'till fome time 
 
 in June, 1755, when finding it neceflary to provide himfelf 
 
 with more fighting Boats, and to colleft the People together, 
 
 many of which yet lay about in bjr-places, where they, and 
 
 their Families, had hid themfelves during the Troubles ; he 
 
 refolved to go in pcrfon, and give the neceflary Orders 
 
 for it ; and having appointed about i :;,ooo Men to maintain 
 
 the Pojl at Dagon, fet out accordingly ; and as he pafled 
 
 by every Place, gave orders, for them refpeftively, to call in 
 
 the former Inhabitants, and obliged them to build a number 
 
 of fighting Boats, in proportion to the number of the People ; 
 
 many of which I faw in my way down, and all of which will 
 
 probably be ready by the time he returns to Dagon, which 
 
 he purpofed to do in November, with, as he faid, 1000 Boats 
 
 and 100,000 Men, but by the bcft Information I can get, his 
 
 Boats will not exceed 500, nor his Troops, both by Land and 
 
 Water, not above 30 or 40 thoufand, which perhaps with 
 
 the Army now at Dagon, may make the whole Body about 
 
 50,000. 
 
 Thus is the rife of the ptefent King, of the Buraghmahns, 
 
 '■(for he is now generally allowed as fuch, all Officers taking 
 
 their Oaths of Allegiraice to him ; and none now durft put 
 
 him in mind of his having faid, God would appoint another 
 
 AFA and PEGU. King) he is about 45 Years of Age, about 5 feet 1 1 inches 
 
 highy 
 
 70
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. l(>^ 
 
 high, of a hale Conjlitutm, and Jlurdy, though clean, make, 
 and of a Complexion, full as dark as the generality of Biiraghmahns, 
 his I'ifage fomezvhat long, though not thin, nor projninent, and 
 eoarfe features, a little pitted with the Small Pox, his afpeft 
 fomevvhat _g^r«i'f, when y'r/o'i'j; and, when y('<?/c'i:/ in his TZro^r, 
 I thought he fupported Majefy with a tolerable grace ; his 
 Te-mpn (if I have made right inferences from my Convcrfiuions 
 with the People, for though he were a /f«^ from the loiver 
 Regions, his SubjeBs through fear, as a Conqueror, would f.v/o/ 
 his Virtues) is y^i^/j ; and difpofition, fever e, or ?-^//!'fr n7/f/: 
 I don't remember to have heard any inftance of his Juflice, 
 (though he himfelf adminifters it in almoft every cafe) that 
 deferves to be more remembered for its impartiality than 
 feverity, though the former never fails to meet with E^icomiums 
 from them about him ; for he always caufes, and often fees, 
 all corporal, or capital, Tunifhments to be executed, to the utmofl 
 rigour of the Sentence, which generally argues rather a barbarous 
 than humane difpofition. 
 
 As to his Courage, his adions have often proved it imdaunlei, 
 and refolute ; which, with that JlrilUnefs of difcipline he keeps 
 in his Army, has won him his Crozvn ; he has 9 Legitimate 
 Children by one Wife, the three firfl Sons, the Eldefl married, 
 and is about 22 Years of Age, the fcond about 19 and is 
 married alfo ; He has alfo abundant Relations and Dependants, 
 which he generally employs in Pojls of trufl, or confiquence, 
 and fo many of the principal Men of the Country have 
 lent a hand to his Canfe, and are now become interefted in it, 
 that if he happens to compleat his conqnefi of the Peguers 
 this Seafon, as (putting by the Affiftance the French may 
 render them) has certainly much probability in it, * it will 
 in all human appearance, be more than the fugitive Prince 
 
 can 
 
 rj and PEGU. 
 
 * The Cifj of Pe^ii was taken iii the cad of May or beginning of j^^^t
 
 AVA and PEGU. 
 72 
 
 168 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 can do, to retrieve his Right, until fome unforefeen con- 
 tingencies may come to pafs, or the hearts of the People, 
 which is often feen to change, fliall happen to be united, 
 in a difpofition to favour his Reftoration. 
 
 The Faricties in fpelling of Names in the MSS of Capt. Baker ; 
 The names in his Map, being written in his own Hand, are 
 placed firft. 
 
 Monchabue Momchabue 
 
 Kountncwa Khounmeon, Khounmewa q ? R inftead of K 
 
 Chagang Chaggang, Chaiganj 
 
 Youngeoe Youngoue, Pegang-Youbgue, Poga«j-Younjwe, Pigang-Younguo 
 
 Sallcmew Sallcemue 
 
 Raynangong Raynangomc 
 
 Cammah Carama 
 
 Khounzeak 
 
 Prygee Pryggee 
 
 In Ava, Mellone, Meachagang, Prone, Saladan, Lundfey, 
 (^called alfo Yaoungmeoe) Perfaim, and Negrais, there is no 
 Tariety of fpelling ; the following Places are not in his Map. 
 
 Conjong, cdkd alfo Coanjong and Cowjoeng Quainla; 
 Khoukkhoughn, called alfo Koukkhoiighn, Khoukkoun, and 
 Koukkoun ; Capt. Baker's K and R are fo much alike, that it 
 is difficult to dirtinguifli the one from the other, and 1 fufpeol 
 the Place named Rhoughgkkhoughn, P. 135, and 136 is the 
 fame as this; Lameanah, Bowchagang, and T^mbay ; thefe 
 are on Perfaim River : Dagon or Dagoon, Syrian or Syriam ; 
 Yay nang ong, Sinyangon, or Sanyangon ; called alfo Panlang, 
 Pooloo, Metra River, Pegue (for Pegu). JS) 
 
 Short
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 169 
 
 Short Account of the Buraghmah Country, 
 by Captain George Baker. 
 
 The Bi'traghmah Country, it is certain, has heretofore been 
 frequented by many Europeans, particularly Englifi, whofe 
 refidence, in It, has undoubtedly afforded them much greater 
 Opportunities of giving better Accounts of it, than what 
 I can pretend to do; yet, as thefe Gentlenten are now moftly 
 defund, and perhaps no Account of Theirs extant, I will 
 fay a few words towards it, for the fatisfadion of fuch as 
 have not themfelves feen it. 
 
 Momchahv.e is the Place where the prefent Prince refides; it 
 is a -walled Town, built with Brick and Mud, about 12 feet 
 thick, and 20 high; and as I compute, about 1000 paces 
 each fide, being a regular Square; and contains about 
 4000 Familes, It is feated in an even Country, about 1 2 Miles 
 from the IFater-Jide, but a very fandy Soil, though it abounds 
 in many places, with a fort of Black Earth, which, when 
 boiled, and otherwife prepared, produces great quantities of 
 Salt, and out of the neighbouring parts is got, with but 
 a reafonable degree of trouble, good Salt-petre ; of which 
 too, there might be great quantities had, if People were 
 employed on it. 
 
 Khounmewn, a Place on the River's ftdc, about 12 Miles 
 Eaft of Momchahue, it being the Toxwi where Goods are landed 
 for, or boated from, the Capital, from this Place the River 
 running to Ava (the Ancient Seat of the Empire) in a line 
 nearly South about 45 Miles diftant ; on the IVefi fide, 
 there runs a rijge of Hills, of a moderate height, from near 
 '-^ A and PEGU. Klowmiewn to immediately oppofite of Ava, where they end ; 
 
 Y y in 
 
 73
 
 lyo ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 ill z point, at a Place, formerly well inhabited, called C/vyV^j;//, 
 On the Eiijl fide the La>:d is marpv, at leaft lozv, in moft 
 places, for 2, 3, 4 or 5 miles diilant from the Riveras fide unto 
 the foot of a very high Ridge of MouHtains, running nearly 
 North and South, they extend, from confiderably to the Southward 
 of Ava, unto the Northward of Khoiariiieion, even fo far as 
 can be feen, and it is faid much farther, though at Khounmeivn 
 they come near the River, and part the Couiitry, which is 
 ordinarily called the Buraghmah Dominions, from thofe of Siam^ 
 though thefe two Countries have generally been under on« 
 Frince. 
 
 Ava alfo is a walled Town, but of lefs Extent than Momchahuff. 
 though the Soil being much better for Brick than that of 
 Mo77ichabHe, it is certainly much more durable; 'Tis faid it haS' 
 been a rich and populous Place. Indeed the remaining ntins 
 afford rcafon to believe the latter, and common Report is 
 fufficient to confirm u?, in the belief of the former : Though 
 I think (notwithllanding there are fome two or three Edifices 
 admired by the Country People) that there is not ^fingle ftruBure, 
 or but one, that can poffibly deferve the name of great, much, 
 lefs magnificent. It contains now about loco Families, and 
 is feated by the fide of the River, on the Point of a delightful 
 large Plain, of rich Soil and delicate Herbage. From hence the 
 Merchants go by Land to and from Si am. At this time it 
 is not productive of a fingle Commodity, and though it has 
 formerly been the Mart for trade. That is at this time fa 
 dead, there is now fcarce any there. 
 
 From Ava to V oganj -Tounjwe , the River is very zvinding 
 
 and crooked. I judge the latter, in a ftreight line, to lye 
 
 about WSW, 70 Miles from the former. Between thefe two, 
 
 AFA and PEGU, jj^^ Country is, for the moft part, lozv, yet fo high in the 
 
 74 loiveji
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 171 
 
 hv.rji places ns to preferve itfelf from any damages from the 
 fu'dUngs of the River, the Soil is good and produclivc of 
 Giijary ^ and Pc.ddy, befides the Eaft fide I am told abounds with 
 Salt-pefrc, and is, in my Opinion, one of the bcft fpots in 
 the Northern part of tlie Kingdom. There is no remarkable 
 ^'ou:n between thofe tzvo- Places, but feveral fmall VilLigesy 
 both on the Riveras fide 'and farther in the Country. 
 
 Pagong-Toi'.ngeoe, we are told, has formerly been a large 
 and j-otulous Place, and indeed from the great number of Pagodas, 
 there is in, and about it, it carries with it much probability. 
 It is fituated on Ground, reafonabiy high, perhaps 10 feet 
 above what the Water ever comes to ; but the Soil is exceeding 
 fandy, and remarkable for the produ6lion of nothing near it 
 but Ginjelly ^ and Gajary, for there is neither Timber nor GraiiL 
 grows in the Neighbourhood ; The Country for fome 5 Miles 
 round it, grows nothing but Shrubs and Tamarind Trees, of 
 which latter there are abundance. But notwithftanding the 
 harrcnncfs of the Sc/il, near this Place, yet at fomewhat remoter 
 diftances, 'tis very fertile ; particularly on the oppofite fide, 
 which is tolerably well inhabited, and from thence is brought 
 Grain and Fruits, with a fort of Earth good for zvaJJnng. 
 
 This Place is now inhabited by about 6 or 800 Families, and 
 is the Mart, where Goods are brought from all the neighbouring 
 Country, and confequently where others come to buy. 
 
 They have one particular Pagoda, much bigger than the 
 
 reft, and indeed the biggeft of any between Dagon and 
 
 Momchabue, 'tis well adorned, and kept in good order, and 
 
 repair ; and celebrated by the People for having one of their 
 
 . of/-7r God's Teeth and a C: liar-bone buried under it. 
 rj and PEGU. ^^^^ 
 
 7 J • qJ vvhiit ? in one MS it is y^frt'^, which is unrefined fugar. J^ 
 
 ' Is a Plant from wliofc feeds Oil is cxpreffed. Jg)
 
 172 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 From T'oungcoc to Sallee-nute I take to be about 25 Miles, 
 and the latter to lye about SW by South from the former; 
 There is a ridge of ragged Mountains on the Wcflern Ihoar, 
 near the River s fide (for thefe two Places lye both on the 
 Eaft) that extend from oppofite the one to oppofite the other 
 of thefe Places ; On the Eaft fide is another ridge of Hills, 
 but not ft) long, and lying farther in the Country, and at the 
 back of them again, is one remarkable Mountain, which may be 
 feen, in clear weather, from Ava upwards, unto Melloiie, or 
 perhaps farther, downwards. The other part of the Country 
 on the £^7? fhoar is reafonably high, and perhaps a good Soil; 
 though 'tis certain near the River's fide it has a good degree 
 of Sand mixed with it. 
 
 Raynaii-Gome I take to lye 25' South of Sallee-mue. The 
 Country between them, on the fVeft fide, is lozv for many 
 Miles from the River fit de ; 'till it ends at the feet oi feveral 
 Mountains. The Eafiern fiooar is confidcrably higher, and, in 
 all appearance, a fine level Country, though the Soil near thc_ 
 Water fide has a mixture of Sand in it. At this Place there 
 are about 200 Families, who are chiefly employed in getting 
 Earth-Oil, out of Pitts, fome five Miles in the Country. 
 
 Me/lone, a Place on the Weft fide oi the River, lyes about 
 SSW ;^^' from Raynan-Gome ; there are about 100 Families 
 inhabiting this Place, who employ themfelves chiefly in tillage 
 of Paddy and Ginjelly; the Country, on each fide the River, 
 between thefe two Places, is fomething irregular ; being in 
 fome places a little hilly, and in fome level, at reafonable heights ^ 
 in others loTi'er and plain, and iji general the mould, richer and 
 lefs fandy than the Country above, though for 7uant of 
 Inhabitants, and Cultivation, it. is moflly fpread over with low 
 
 AFA and PEGU. tklnff'oods, 
 
 y5 From
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 173 
 
 From Mellone to Menchagmig , a Village containing about 
 100 Houfes, on the Weji fide of the River, I take to be 
 about 3 j' SSW. Between thefe tzvo Places there has tbrmerl)' 
 been fome Towns and feveral Villages, but now utterly ruined 
 and void of a fingle Inhabitant; The Country in 7iioJl, at 
 leafl many, places hilly, and fome of them, on the Wefiern fide, 
 high, though there be many intervening Fallies, fome lying 
 hzv, and fit for Pculdy ; others higher, and is undoubtedly 
 fine Pafiiire Land, being rich Soil, and fpontaneoufly producing 
 abundant Herbage, Trees and other Plants, as Nature has 
 poflcfled it of, but it is rare to fee between thefe two Places 
 a head of any fort of Cattle, or any other mark of a Country 
 inhabited or cultivated, and in general it is very fVoody, 
 
 From Meachagang to Camma, the Courfe is about South by 
 Weft 20/ Between thefe two Places, there are two or three 
 fmall Villages, of 10 or 20 Houfes each. The Country is much 
 the fame as that between Mellone and Meachagaug, or if it differs 
 in any thing, it is for the better, being lefs hilly and rather 
 thinner of fVoods. Camtna is remarkable for the great quantities 
 of 12 Covit Teak Plank it produces. 
 
 From Camma to Prone the Courfe is about South by Weft 15'; 
 The Country between thefe two Places, is very hilly, not iuhabitedf 
 and indeed unfit for /Agriculture, or even Pafiurage. 
 
 Prom is feated on a broad level Point, jetting out into the 
 River, which runs back into a fine Champain Country, of rich 
 Soil, well inhabited, and produdive of much Grain; It has 
 the ruins of an old brick wall round it, and immediately without 
 that, another with Teak Timber. It contains about 2500 Families, 
 and is the Place where is the moft Trade for all forts of Goods, 
 rj W PEGU. 2, z particularly 
 
 77
 
 174 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 particularly the Cliief Commodities, as Lou, Lead, Teelh, fFax, 
 timber and Flank, of any between Syr'ian and ^va. 
 
 Saladan lyes about SW i8' from Prone; The Country, 
 between thele Places, is level, of a rich mould, and naturally 
 cherifhes whatever is foxvn, or jAantcd, with care and culture ; 
 but at prefent abounds with no one particular thing. At the 
 back of Saladan, which lyes on the IVeJl fide of the Rl: er, 
 about a day or txios journey, in the Country, grows great 
 quantities of l!eak limhers, which are brought thence by two 
 little Rivers, which come out near this Place. 'Tis from Tbis,. 
 and Camma, that the Syrian Market always has been fupplied 
 with thefc coriwiodities. 
 
 Lvndfey, or Taomigmeoe, lyes on the Wefi fide of the River 
 about 25' SSE of Saladan. It is walled in with 'timber, about 
 800 Paces long, and 600 broad ; and contains (the Suburbs 
 included) about 2coo Families. The Country on all fides of 
 it, is exceeding e^.en and of an excellent rich Soil, but in general 
 ivcody, heir)g but badly cultivated ; it is not remarkable for any 
 thing in particular, but there is notwithflanding fomething, of 
 whatever the Country produces, to be had here, and as to 
 Trade it feconds Prone. 
 
 From Lunrfey, to the Mouih of that River which leads to 
 Negrais, the Courfe is about South, ^^.' Between thcfe two 
 Places, there arc two f^nall Filla^rs, both on the IVefiern Jhoar ; 
 The Country is even, and loKver than that above it ; however 
 it is habitable, and not fo thick of IFoods, as fome other parts. 
 Thc6"6;/ is exceeding o-^oi, and produftive of good Paddy: and 
 indeed the whole Country between Prone and this River's Month, 
 is a very fertile mould; being, in my Opinion, the richefi Soil 
 AVA a:i3 PEGU. " that 
 
 78
 
 VA and PEGU. 
 79 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 175 
 
 that I have feen, for fo grest a fpace together, in the wholt 
 Country. From this Place, where the Ncgrais River receives 
 its fotirce from that of Ava, it being exceeding crooked, 
 I compute to be, by way of the Rhcr, to Pryggee about 1 10', 
 and (according to Computation 100) in a ftreight line S\\(^ 60.' 
 The Soil, between thefe Places, is exceeding rich, and prodiiSiive 
 of great quantities of Grain, and fuch Fruits, &c. as they plant, 
 it being in moft places reafonably high ; 'Tis as well inliabited, 
 at this time, as any other part of the Country, that I 
 have feen. 
 
 From Pryggee to Perfuint, the Land is much lower ; yet 
 many Places habitable, though not now inhabited, and abundance 
 of fne Land for Paddy. I take the latter to lye from Pryggee 
 SSW 45', direft diftance. 
 
 Negrais I take to lye 45' in a line SSW from Per/aim; *• 
 The Country, between thcfe Places, is fo well known, it needs 
 no Defcripiion of mine; and therefore I (hall only fay, that 
 the fii-ft 10' beloiv Per/aim, is Land exceedingly well fituated 
 
 for 
 
 * Capt. Baker having maue a m'.ftake, in cafting up the Traverfe of the 
 Courses and Diftances between Memchalue and Xegrau, has obtained a 
 fal/c Latitude of Momchabiie : and has laid down his Skelch of the River 
 by thi'. falfe Latitude, 1 have thought it would be fatisfadory to give 
 Capt. Baker's Traverre, as well as the Pojiticra, from his Traverfe 
 corrcH, 
 
 ^ From
 
 176 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 for the growth of PadJy, which is one Commodity, if the 
 Place becomes inhabited, and the Country enjoys Peace, that 
 
 will certainly be very cheap. 
 
 Mention 
 
 *' From Monchabuc to Ara 
 
 " Ava to Youugeoe . 
 
 " Youngeoc to Sallcmew . 
 
 " Salleinew to Raynan^jong 
 
 " Raynaugong to Mellone 
 
 " RIellone to Meachagang 
 
 " Meachagang to Cammah 
 
 " Cammah to Prone 
 
 •' Prone to Saladan . 
 
 " Saladan to Lundfcy . 
 
 " Lundfey w //fdrfof Ncgrais^/wr S 35- 3 S 
 
 " //ca// of Negrais 5/wr «» Prygee SW 6o. 42,+ 
 
 " Prygce to Perfaim . . SSW 45. 41,6 
 
 " Perfalra to Ncgrais . . SSW 45. 41,6 
 
 Courie. 
 
 Dift. 
 
 Dit.Lut 
 
 
 Depart 
 
 
 
 S. 
 
 E 
 
 . W. 
 
 S 
 
 45- 
 
 45 
 
 
 • 
 
 wsw 
 
 70. 
 
 26,8 
 
 
 64.7 
 
 SWbS 
 
 25. 
 
 20,8 
 
 
 «3.9 
 
 s 
 
 ^v 
 
 ^S 
 
 
 • 
 
 SSW 
 
 3S- 
 
 3 -'.3 
 
 
 i3>4 
 
 ssw 
 
 3i- 
 
 32-3 
 
 
 13.4 
 
 SbW 
 
 20. 
 
 :8.8| 
 
 * 
 
 6,8 
 
 SbW 
 
 IS- 
 
 i4>i J 
 
 
 S'l 
 
 SW 
 
 18. 
 
 12,7 
 
 • 
 
 12,7 
 
 SSE 
 
 25- 
 
 23>i 
 
 9. 
 
 6 . 
 
 42.4 
 
 "431,5 9,8 2o6,8 
 "96 
 
 " Difference of Latitude between Negrals in 
 " and Monchabne ... 
 
 " Latitude of Monchahue 
 " Ava lyes South of Monchahue 
 
 *' Latitude of Ai'a . , 
 
 43' 
 
 (I 
 
 '97.2 
 
 N 
 
 
 16.0 
 
 N 
 
 or 
 
 7. II 
 
 
 
 23.11 
 
 N 
 
 
 • 45 
 
 
 22.26N" 
 
 But the fum of the difference of Latitude is only 411,; inftead 
 of 43 1,5 and confcquently 6? 51' inftead of 7? 11' added to the 
 16. o girts 
 
 Latitude of Negrais 
 
 22. 51 Latitude of Monchaluc, and 
 fubtraft 45 
 
 g 
 
 ves 22. 6 Latitude of A^'a, but 
 
 " iS,81 f, 11 I f 19,6] which would place 3/oaf^'<j^»c in 22. ;;2N 
 :4,i I '"°"''* ^"^ I ■■V,3 / antl ^i''-^ in ^2- 7 ^' ■ Working the 
 
 T. tverfe 
 
 JFA and PEGU. 
 80 
 
 ^3- '■ 
 
 22. 26 
 
 22. o 
 
 21. 38 
 
 21. 14 
 
 20. 43 
 
 Corrected Lat. P'rom Ca| 
 
 by iZwt. Baker's „ , , ,- 
 ' cr /• Baker s Mi 
 
 1 raverjf, 
 
 Manchabuc 22? 53.'N 
 Ava . 12. 8 
 Youngcoe 21. 41. 15 
 Salleinew 21. 20. 30 
 Reynangong 20. 55. 30 
 Mellone 20. 23. 10 
 
 Meachagang 19. 50. 50 20. 1 1 
 Cammah ig. 31. 10 19. 52 
 
 Prone . 19. 16. 25 19. 36 
 
 Saladan 19. 3. 40 19. 8 
 
 Lundfey 18. 40. 34 18. 43 
 
 Hcadoil^eg.Vi.i^. 5. 34 18. 6 
 Prygee 17. 23. 8 '7. 25 
 
 Perfaim . 16. 41. 34 16. 41 
 Ncgrais 16. o. 16. « 
 
 Traverfe to the greatell esa(flne 
 
 Motichaiiie is in . 22? 53' 
 
 and coftfequently Ava in 22. 8 
 
 C apt. Eakcr has not made his M 
 conformable to his Tra'verfc, \ 
 having placed Saladan, nearly in 
 true fitualion from Ne^rais, he 1 
 extended the diftance between .S<z//j<i 
 and Prone, to conform the Maf) 
 the falfely ajfumed Latitude 
 Monchahui, J5)
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 177 
 
 15th Auguft, rygr. 
 Mention having been made in Capt. Baker's Narralive, 
 of the Embarraffment which had occurred, from the En^liJJ) 
 Vejfels at Dagnon having fired into The Buraghyriahn Camp ; Ic 
 is neceffary to give fome account of that matter. 
 
 The Company's Snow Arcot, commanded by Capt. Robert 
 Jack/on, with Mr. John IVhiteh'ill, Paflenger, on board, was fent 
 from Madrafs to Negrais ; but, faUing to leeward in the end of 
 May 1755, partly by firefs of weather, and partly by her 
 leaky condition, the Commander was induced to go to Syrian, 
 •to get her leaks flopped ; intending to proceed from Syrian to 
 Negrais, the latter end of Angujl following. 
 
 On the I ft June they croffed Syrian Bar into the River, when 
 their Boat, which had been fent in, returned with a letter from 
 Mr. StringfelloTv, late Carpenter at Syrian, informing them of 
 the Wars in the Country, and that he had left Syrian, in The 
 Company's Schooner Hunter, and was at Dagoon, with the 
 Elizabeth, Country Ship, Capt. Swaine from Bengal, and two 
 more Fejeh: that the Biiraghmahns had driven the Peguers 
 away ; that the Arcot might come into Dagoon River, where 
 afliftancc might be got to repair her, but at Syrian there was 
 nothing to be had. 
 
 Capt. Jack/on met in Pegu River, three French f'eje/s, one 
 large and two fmall, which had left Syrian ; and another coming 
 into the River. The Officer, that had been fent with a letter 
 to Mr. Stringfelloiv, told Capt. Jackfon that the King (of thi 
 Buraghmahns) would .affift him in every thing wanted, and fend 
 Boats to Negrais, with their letters to Mr. Brooke, the Chief 
 there, who was the Kings Friend, and to whom the Kiug had 
 fent his Ambnjjlidors. 
 Si A a a On 
 
 *'A and PEGU.
 
 178 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 On 6th June the Arcot got fafely into the River of Dagoon: 
 Capt. Jadfon defired Mr, IVhitehill to wait on the King of the 
 Bdvaghmahis, * with a prefent of a fine fowling-piece and two 
 bottles of Rofexvater, in The Company's name, and to requeft 
 His afTiftance, of Carpenters and Caulkers, to repair their Snow 
 Arcot ; which the Buraghmab King promifed ; and that he would 
 fend Boats to Negrais, with their letters to Mr. Brooke : the 
 next day Mr. Whitehill, Mr. Stringfellow and the reft of the 
 Englifo Gentlemen, went on flioar to the Buraghmab King, as he 
 had defacd them to do : and then His People came on board 
 the Arcot, and demanded all the Guns, fmall Arms and ammunition^ 
 and an Account of what Goods were on board, to which Capt. 
 Jackfon anfwered tliat " he could not part with any Guns, &cc. 
 " that it was not The Company's Cullom, nor had ever once 
 " been demanded of thcni at Syrian; and that what Goods were 
 " onboard, were for The Company's vfe, a.nd not far file ; and 
 " that as the Buraghmab King was a Friend to The Companv, 
 " hoped he would not infift on it, for if he did (Capt. 
 " Jackfon faid) he would go to Syrian, with all the Englip 
 " Ships." Mr. PVbitehill and the other Gentlemen were kept 
 Prifoners all day, and at night came on board, and informed 
 Capt. Jackfon, that all Capt. Szuaine's great guns, fmall arms and 
 powder were taken away. 
 
 Capt. Jaclfon fays, "I did not any ways like thefc proceedings, 
 " for I found they wanted to difablc us ; I was forty Capt. 
 " Suaine had let them go ; for I faw they wanted to ufe us 
 " very ill. I complained to Mr. Stringfellow, what fhould 
 *' make him fo blind, to think that fuch Rebels fliould be friends 
 " with the Englip, and, as I undcrftood, this man was an Ufnrper, 
 
 " and 
 
 jtrj and PEGU. 
 
 * Capt. Jackfon calls them Burrcrr.on ; but ht mifpells the moft common 
 82 words. J3)
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 179 
 
 " and was taking the throne from the true Prince, which was 
 " at Ava." 
 
 In the morning the Buraghmah King fent his people again on 
 bQard the Arcot, to take away the Guns, &c. by force ; Capr. 
 Jack/on anfwered that " he would not deliver them, but would 
 *' proteft them, and The Company's effedts to the utmoft; and 
 ** he ordered all the Guns ready, got tht fmall-arms upon deck, 
 " and made ready for failing ; and told thefe Buraghmahns, to go 
 " and tell their King, that if he wanted the Guns, to fend for 
 " them J and that he would fail if any fuch thing was offered 
 ** for the future. They went alhoar, acquainted their King, 
 " who fent his Son on board, to afllire Capt. Jack/on of his 
 " Friendjlnp to the Englip, and that what He had done, one 
 " Mr. Cnifton, who was there, had informed him was cufto- 
 *' mary at Syrian, but he would not infift on it any more; 
 ** defiring Capt. Jack/on, to flay, and not go to his Enemy ; 
 " promifing to affifl him in every thing he wanted ; and that 
 " his Boats would go in a day or two to Negrais, and carry 
 " their letters to Mr. Brooke." Capt. >r/y5« fays " The 
 " Buraghmah King fent the Boats away, but would not let any 
 " one of them fend one letter." * 
 
 In fifteen days the Boats returned, with letters for the Buraghmah 
 King, from Mr. Brooke, who had fent him two chejis of powder, 
 and a dozen of mujkets. 
 
 Mr. mitehill read Mr. Brooke's letter, and there not being 
 one word concerning them, it was thence concluded, Mr. Brooke 
 had not been informed of their arrival ; Mr. Whitehill complained 
 
 very 
 
 VA and PEGU. 
 
 * This appears an extraordinary aflcnion, unwarranted by their own 
 S3 report. J2)
 
 i8o ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 very much of the Buraghmah King's fending the Boats away 
 without their Letters, The King faid He had ordered the Boats 
 to come on board, and to carry the Letters, 
 
 " In Mr. Brooke's letter he acquaints the Bfiraghmah King of 
 " fending Meffis. North and Baker, Ambajfadors to Him, with 
 " four pieces of Camion very fliortly" " which (Capt. Jackfon 
 " adds) I was really very forry to hear, as I found by their 
 " proceedings, they had no mind to ufe us as Friends."* 
 
 During this time Capt. Jackfin had *' got his own Carpenter 
 " and Caulker to work, and borrowed Capt. Swaitie's, and got 
 " Mr. StringfelloTv, with The Company's Caulkers, from the Hunter 
 " Schooner, and (topped the Leaks of the Arcot as well as they 
 " could." 
 
 Capt. Jackfon had been ill, ever fince before he made the Ccafly 
 and his illnefs encreafed, fo that he was not expedled to recover, 
 and he was at times light-headed. 
 
 He received a letter from his Royal Highnefs Apporazah, at 
 Syrian, inviting him to come to that Port, with all the Englifl} 
 Vejfels, and dcfiring that they would not afiift his Enemies the 
 Bitragniahns, for he was coming to Dagoon, with all his Forces, 
 to drive them away, and hoped, as the EngUfh were his Friends, 
 they would not moleft him. 
 
 Capt. Jackfon fays, he was in great difficulty how to fend His 
 Highnefs an Anfuer, becaufe one Crafton read to the Buraghmah 
 
 King 
 
 jtKA anil PEGU. * Nothing, Capt. yjclfon has reported, warrants fuch an Inference ; on 
 
 the contrary, notwiihftanding his ill timed threats, there appears gre?.t mode- 
 84 ration and fairnefs in the Buraghmah Proceedings. ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. iSi 
 
 King all letters, that were fent away, and the King knew notl)ing 
 of this Letter, it having been brought by a Lafcar belonging to 
 Monfieur Burno, from whom alfo he had brought Letters to the 
 Euraghtnah King. 
 
 Capt. Jackfnn fent only a verbal anfwer, that " he might be 
 " fure the Englip were his Friends, and would not offer to molcft 
 *' his Forces, but fliould be glad to get away from the 
 " Buraghmahns the firft opportunity." 
 
 Some days paffed, and then the Pegu Forces came, by night, 
 and attacked the B ilraghmahns ; the Englifh Veflels not firing on 
 the Pcguers, raifed a fufpicion that there was a correfpondencc 
 between them. 
 
 In feven days after, Capt. Jackfon received another letter from 
 the Pegv.ers, complaining of his not anfwering the former 
 letter ; as they were fure i: got fafe ; and mentioned that they 
 defigned to come again very fliortly, and that the Englilh mufb 
 anfwer for their Proceeding : no anfwer could be fent to this, 
 and the Lafcar that brought it was made Prifoner, and fent up 
 to Pron, where the King was gone with moft of his Forces. 
 
 Capt. Jackfon, and the other Englifli, at lafl: '' rcfolved to fend 
 " away Capt. Swaiae's fmall Prow with a letter to Apporazah, and 
 " Monf Burno, to fay, that if they would come into Dcgood 
 " River with their Ship^ and Ballongs, the Veflels then would 
 ** come out and aflift them, when they engaged the BuraghmJjns; 
 *' this letter got fafe to them ; and next day the Ships were 
 *' feen. 
 
 A and PEGU. B 5 Ij (, -pjj^ 
 
 «5
 
 iS2 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " The I-uraghmahns lent for. Mr. WhitehlU, and all the Englifli 
 " Gentlemen, ro come on (hoar, and confult with them, how 
 " to proceed : for they were fure that the Pegiiers were com'mg 
 " to engage them : they faid they were fine the Englijlj at 
 " Darooii had correfponded with the Pepiers, and now required 
 
 jlFA <i>i il PEGU. 
 
 " their words to aflltl them againft the Pegucrs. 
 
 " Mr. Whitehill told them, that not having The Company's 
 *' Order, He could not make .irar aga'tnjl any Nation ; that tlic 
 " EngliOi liere were Merchants, and come to trade with them, as 
 " Friends, and not to make war on any one: but if the 
 " Peguers fired on the EngUjh, they would refent it, and aflill 
 " them againft the Peguers." Mr. Whitehill, &c. were kept 
 PriJ'oners^ all day, and " would not have had them go on 
 *' board at night ; Mr. JVbitebill told them he could not do 
 *' any thing without confulting with Capt. Jack/on, and deilred 
 •' that they might go aboard, and fee what was to be done; 
 " and they would return aflioar in the morning : they accor- 
 " dingly came on board." 
 
 Capt. Jackfon fays, the Euraghmahns had kept a ftrong guard 
 of Boats about the Veffel for feveral days, and He advifed them 
 not to go aHioar in the morning, if fent for, but propofed to 
 keep on the defence, and was determined if the Bilraghmahtu 
 " offered any manner of force, to fire on them, and go down 
 " xhi River; for the Ships and Ballongs were at the Moufh o£ 
 *' Dagoon River, and would be up in the morning. 
 
 " Early in the morning, the whole Fleet was feen coming on, 
 " confifting of two large French Ships, and the King of PegiCs 
 
 " Snozvy 
 
 * 
 
 Prifoncrs feems to be an cxprcffion of aggravation, without ground 
 86 from what f>jllows. ^
 
 OPvIENTAL REPERTORY. 18 
 
 D 
 
 ** Snow, all manned and armed ; and 200 f-gkti'g Ealkngs ; 
 " on which the Luraghmahns came on board, and fhewed their 
 " fears, and dcfired the Englilh Velfels to afTid them ;" Capt. 
 Jackfon fays " very little notice was taken of this application." 
 
 " It was 2 o'clock before they got up, then they fired 
 *' feveral guns, and anchored oppofite the Tope, and engaged; we 
 " (fays Capt. Jackfon) did the fwie, and tliere was a brifk fire 
 *' all that day, we drove the Buraghivahns from their Ba/kngy, 
 *' which the Peguers might have carried, if they would have 
 *' gone on fhoar, but we could not perfuade them to it. In the 
 *' night (continues he) I got farther from the tope, with the Anot 
 *' and Hunter Schocner ; for we were fo clofe that their MuJJ.et Balls 
 " reached us ; we had not received any damage from them, 
 *' only a few Balls through her, and /iio Peguers killed on board 
 " of us, the reft of the Veffcls had not received any damage of 
 *' confequencc." 
 
 Capt, JackfrjH being much out of order, Mr. Bnrno and Mr. 
 Whitehill defired him to go to Syrian, where was a French DolIct 
 which might relieve him ; befides, there every thing was to 
 be got for his afliftance, at Dagoon nothing ; nor had they feen 
 a foivl fince they had been there, and no tuater but what was 
 very bad : which had thrown him into a Bloody flux and a 
 flrong fever. Capt. Jackfon went to Syrian accordingly. 
 
 " The Engagement lafted /even days, and then the Fleet 
 
 '* came up to Syrian alfo, not having taken the P/ace; for the 
 
 " Peguers would not land, or fight aflioar ; and no army came 
 
 - *' by land : So, moft of their ammunition being expended, they 
 
 *' left it for another time ; the Buraghmahns kept to their Topey 
 
 "A and PEGU. " fi""'"? ^s brilkly as they could, but little or no damage 
 
 " done." 
 
 87 ■ When
 
 iS4 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 When the Veflels came to Syrian, " JpporiTz^h received 
 " Mr. IVh'itehill, and tlie reft of tlie Enp^lrfJj Gentlemen, rery 
 " handjomely, and complained of Mr. Brooke for affifting his 
 Enemies', as he had heard by people that had come from the 
 King of the Bth-aghmahns ; He fakl he was forr)' the ArUclcs 
 concerning Negrais and Uajfein, * were not figned, but that it 
 was not his fault, for thofe Gentlemen that came did not 
 bring powers, how to proceed : He likewife fliewed The Letters 
 " he had received from Governor Saunders, and Mr. Hunter ; and 
 *' declared that he was now willing, to llgn Articles, if Mr. Brooke 
 '• would come, or fend Mr. PFhitehill, as he had promifed to 
 " do ; and to fend Ba/longs to the Negrais, with our Ictfers to 
 " Mr. Brooke." — " He likewife defired Mr. Brooke, in his 
 " Ict/er to him, to come and make an end of the faid Articles, 
 ♦' and They fliould be according to The Company's dejire." 
 
 ' • Capt. Jackfon fays "in 18 days we had an anfwer, whereia 
 " Mr. Brooke gives him his ivord, as foon as Mr. IVtitehill qut\c 
 " to the Negrais, that either He or Mr. (Fhitehill would come; 
 " but that at picfent He could not leave the Place. Mr. Brooke 
 " defrred his hiighnefs to affift The Company's Vejfels, and difpatch 
 *' them away." 
 
 Mr. Brooke defired Capt. Jarhfon to come out as foon as ever 
 the \\cather would permit, and to bring the Hunter Schooner wick 
 him, which he defigned, and hoped to be at the Negrais hy 
 the icth of September. 
 
 Mr. U'hitehiU came to the refolution to go to the Negrais a» 
 foon as Appcrazah would fupply Beats, concluding that . Mr. 
 ii'roo/-? would want affillance, . as Meflis. North znd Baker wtxc 
 gone as Ambaffadors to the King of the Buraghmakns " with 
 " 4 pieces of Canncn, as Mr. Brooke had informed Appcrazah in 
 
 ArA and PEGU. u j-iij 
 
 83 * i'cii;.ini, it is doubtlul \shit.h is the proper name. J/^
 
 A and PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 185 
 
 " his Letter" Capt. Jackfon adds " and now we hear that 
 " thefe unfortunate Gentlemen are Jhiit up at Ava." * 
 
 Apporazah ordered 20 Ballongs of force to guard Mr. ll'lntehill 
 to the Negrais, " and defired, of Mr. Brcokc, what piiall arms 
 " arjd ammunition he could fpare; and not to go on ■xni. fupply his 
 ** Enemies with anus againft his Friends, now he knew that the 
 " Bilraghmab had impofed on him, by faying He was Mafier of 
 ** the Country." 
 
 Capt. Jackfon fays " Apporazah affbred Mr. Brooke of his 
 " ftncere friendfhip with the Engliflo" He adds " and really 
 " He has ufed us as Friends, ever fince we have been here, 
 *' and has proinifed me all the affiftance I wanted, and to all 
 " the EngliHi which were here." 
 
 Mr. Brooke had ordered Capt. Jackfon to deliver fome of The 
 Company's Cafli on board the Arcot, to Mr. IVhltehlll for payment 
 of fome arrears, due to MeiTrs. Stringfcllow and Savage for The 
 Schooner Hunter, which was done to the amount of 3000 Arcot 
 Rupees, Mr. IFlntehdl, having finiflied thefe Accounts, failed 
 for Negrais: -f and with him Mr. Pecucla, and a SoUier alfo 
 went. 
 
 Capt. Jackfon fays " Apporazah fent Letters to Mr. Brooke 
 " defiring him to fend all the Peguers that were at Negrais, by 
 " thefe Beats that went with Mr. Whiiehill : In 15 days the 
 " Beats returned with letters, but no Arms, &c. that Apporaz-ah 
 " had defired ; nor any One to conclude the Articles, which 
 " gave him ftrong fufpicion of Mr. Brooh : efpecially as 
 " Mr. Brooke had written to him, to deliver up the Fa5iojy 
 
 C c c " G//;.\y 
 
 * This teftifics how ill-intbimcd Capt. Jackfon was. J2) 
 89 f Mr, tVkitehill arrived at "Ncirah 26th Auguft, palling through the Rivers. Q
 
 AVA and PEGU. 
 
 186 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " Guns, that were at Syrian, to me to bring to the Nc\^rais r 
 " Jpporazah told me that Mr. Lrooke was going to break the 
 " friendJlHp, which was ib ftrongly contra^ed with them by the 
 *' RngliJJo ; by his demanding four old Guns, at fiich a junflure 
 ** as this, when The Country was full of troubles ; and his fup- 
 " plying the Buraghmahm with both large Gnus and fmall Jrmf, 
 *' PoTvder, &c. Apporazah faid the G.'//;j fhould be delivered 
 " as foon as the Troubles were over, but that he knew Mr. 
 ** Brooke wanted to give them to the Buraghmahns, that He 
 " might get fome more Rubies from Da^oon Pagoda ; and that 
 ♦' he would not believe The Company had given him any fucli 
 " Orders, for proceeding in this way." 
 
 ** Apporazah had given orders for their failing, and wrote- 
 " to Mr. Brooke expreffing his furprife that he had not fent the 
 " Peguers, as defired ; and complaining of his treatment to the 
 " General's Boats, that he had fent with Mr. fVhitehill, in not 
 " allowing them to come on the Negrais, to get provifions, and 
 " what they wanted ; which was a fign that he was an Enemy 
 " to the Peguers and no Friend:" but the Arcot fprang a 
 leak, and on a Survey it was found necefl'ary to lay the Veflel 
 on flioar before flie could proceed to Sea, which would take a 
 month's time : Capt. Jack/on therefore difpatched the Hunter 
 Schooner to Negrais, and fhe accordingly failed the 26th Sep- 
 tember : the Arcot was got on flioar, and the Leaks flopped to 
 carry her to Negrais ; but fhe proved fo very bad that Mr. 
 Stringfellozv faid that a thorough repair would coft more than 
 a new Veflel might be bought for. 
 
 When the Arcot was ready to fail to the Negrais, Capt. Jiickfon 
 " fent to Apporazah to give his difpatches, but he fent word 
 " that he would not let the Vefiel gOj^-.till he heard from 
 " Mr. Brooke, from whom he expeded to hear, or to fee him 
 
 <( 
 
 90 " very
 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 187 
 
 very foon, and tlierefore Capt. Jacifon might make himfelf 
 very eafy, for he fhould not go." 
 
 Capt. yiick/en intended to have fent the Veffel under the 
 command of another Perfon, and remained behind for the 
 recovery of his health, but after waking fve dajs, finding that 
 if he did not go hiiufelf, he fhould not get the Veffel away, 
 being now a little recovered, though he had not been out of 
 his room fince his arrival at Sjriafi, he got Mr. Robert IVeJlgarlh, 
 (the Englidi Refidcnt) and the Commanders of the EngliJI} 
 Skips, to go with him to Apporazah. 
 
 Capt. Jackfon fays " we waited on his Highnejs and he was 
 " glad to fee me; I carried a prefrnt, which cofl: me 100 
 Rupees, and told him that the Arcot was ready for failing, 
 *' and defired him, in The Company's name, to give me leave 
 " to proceed to the Negrais, as he had once promifed me; 
 " and that if his Majefty, (the King of Pegu) or He, had any 
 " letters for the Governor of Madrafs, that they fliould be 
 " caref.iUy delivered, when I arrived at the Coajl; he made 
 " me this anfuer — that Mr. Brooke had ufcd him very ill, 
 " and that he had promifed to come, or fend Mr. Wkitehill 
 " here, and make an end of the Articles between him and the 
 " Engllfo; that he had complied with what the EngliJIj had 
 " defired; and, for his part, he was willing to fign them, 
 " whenever Mr. Brooke came, or fent any of The Company's 
 *' Gentlemen wkh full powers ; and not to be made a too/ of, 
 " as he had been by Mr. Brooke : that Mr. Brooke had forfeited 
 " his zvord, feveral times, as he could prove by his letters to 
 " him ; and that Mr. Broo.ie was a Friend to the Bttragkmabns, 
 " ^""yreceiving j;rt'rt//;/(?/f;j/j from them, which he knew to be 
 TjI and PEGU. " '"° "^'""^ » an^'trhat he would not let tne go from tjjis Place, 
 " nor Capt. Swaine, nor Mr. Robert mf garth, till he had ac- 
 ^^ " quainted
 
 i?8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " qiiainted the Governor of Madrafs of it, and had received the 
 " Governor of Madrajs's anfwer, with fatisfaclion for the ufage 
 *' Mr. Brooke had given him : and to know if the Englljh had 
 " declared themfclves Enemies to the Kin^ of Pegu, that they 
 " might know how to proceed. 
 
 " I anfwered him, that I was fure the Governor of Madrafs 
 
 *' had never given Mr. Brooke any orders, to give the King of 
 
 " Pegu the leafl reafon of fufpicion ; on the contrary that the 
 
 ** Governor of Madrafs was their Friend, and had always (hewn 
 
 " it, whenever any of the King of Pegu's fliips came to any of 
 
 " x.\\z Englifl: Settlements; where they were always received in 
 
 " a friendly manner, and aflifted with every thing they wanted, 
 
 *' and had free liberty to go and come whenever they pleafed : 
 
 " and further The Company never took any manner of Cuftoms 
 
 *' from the King of Pegu's Ships, which was not granted to any 
 
 " other Nation : that if the King of Pegu let the Governor of 
 
 " Madrafs know his complaints, he would receive all the fatif- 
 
 ** faBion dejtred : But to detain The Honourable Company's 
 
 " Veflel here, was making a breach of FriendJJjip with the EngUfJ:; 
 
 " that I hoped he would confidcr, and think better of //, and not 
 
 " do any thing rafloty : that I was fure fomebody had given 
 
 " his Highnefs bad advice, in offering to ftop The Honourable 
 
 " Company's Veffel, and that Monf. Burno was at the bottom 
 
 " of it ; which he could not deny : I told him very freely, 
 
 " that if he would not le( me go by confent, that I fnvfl go -without 
 
 " it, for I muft obey The Governor of Madrafs' s Orders, and not 
 
 " his : that I was not bound hither, but came here by dijlrefs ; 
 
 " and that he had promifed me his afjiflance, and. to let me 
 
 " have what I wanted, but that I never could get the leaft 
 
 " aflillance imaginable; that I had not been ungraceful to his 
 
 " Government, but had made them prefents upwards of two vifs 
 
 " of Jllier ; but at Madrafs their fervants never gave any, nor 
 
 92 " would 
 
 AFA tind PEGU.
 
 ■^A and PEGU. 
 
 93 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 189 
 
 " would any of the Gentlemen offer to take any, upon any 
 **■ account ; and that I had affifted him, as far as lay in my 
 " power, by lending him four of the Airot's Gnus, as he had 
 " defired of me; This nettled LJs Highnefs very much; he 
 " told me we were his Prifoners, having redeemed us from 
 " Dagoon ; and that I fliould not go, till the Kh^g (of Pegu) 
 *' thought proper : I told him that bringing us from Dagcon 
 " was a piece of friendfnip, but not [a reafonj to do a bad 
 " thing, after he had done a good one ; and that his leiten 
 "■ invited us to Syrian, and that we fliould go and come when 
 " we pleafed, and have all the privilsdges as formerly, and 
 " that we did not expecl fuch ufage from him ; he anfwered 
 " that Mr. Brooke had given much reafon for fo doing, and 
 " that Mr. Brooke kept a great many Peguers, prljoners, at the 
 " Negrais, and would not fend them to him, as he defired; 
 •' my anfwer was, that Mr. Brooke had written to his Highnefs 
 •' to deliver The Company's Coffreys that were at Pegu, and 
 " likewife The Company's Guns; and he refufed to deliver 
 " them up ; keeping the farmer as his Slaves ; that if his 
 " Highnefs would fend them to the Negrais, Mr. Brooke would 
 " fend a/I the Peguers to Syrian, by the fame Boats: I told 
 " him he muft take it very kindly of Mr. Brooke in proteding 
 *' thefe People; if he had not, the Buraghmahns had killed them 
 " all, having demanded them of Mr. Brooke, but he gave 
 " them his protection, and fupplied them with every thing they 
 " wanted, and paid rhem for any work they did for The 
 " Company; he anfwered, I might make tnyfelf eafy, that the 
 " Kii:g (of Pegu) would keep Jiie, and Capt. S-walne, and 
 " Mr. I f'ejl garth's Ship here, 'till they had heard from the 
 *' Governor of Madrafs : and fent 70 Pegu Soldiers on beard, 
 " and fet Guards at our Houfes, and gave orders to flop us at 
 *' the Gates, nor did he allow us to fend oft' any thing, not 
 
 D d d " evea
 
 I9D ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 " even water or provifions, without having orders from The 
 
 " Government. At lad he let one Capt. Douglafs, belonging 
 
 " to Bengal, fail; having taken his Guns; and being in 
 
 " debt to him tix:enty-fix i<is of Sii'vcr." 
 
 Cnpt. Jaikf^n fent by Capt. Douglis, a letter to the Governor 
 of Madrafs, by way of Mergui, to inform him how the Peguefs 
 \jfed the EngHQi : in that letter Capt. Jack/on fays " that 
 " the French Chief, one M. Eunio-, is every thing with tire 
 " King (of Pegtt) and I am fure that he is the caufe of our 
 " being detained here ; he puts a great many things in 
 *' Aj^porarah's head, to do us all the damage he can, the 
 •• French Ships are not flopt, nor any moleftation given them, 
 " but go whenever they pleafe : Tuo have left this Place a 
 " month ago." 
 
 There being an EuglifJj Sloop, belonging to Bengal, ready to fail, 
 the London, Capt. Hairy Karr, Capt. Jack/on defired him to 
 take, upon freight, all the Stores and Cafi intended for Negrais, 
 and offered to give him 200 Rupees for the freight; as the Veifel 
 was bound to Bengal, it would not be twenty-four hours fail out 
 of his way; but Capt. Kerr refufed, alledging he had no orders 
 to go there : Capt. Jack/on s Gunner having run away to Jpporazah 
 encreafed his uneafinefs, for fear he fliould tell him ^^hat was 
 on board : and he at laft prevailed on Capt. Karr to carry The 
 Company's Stores and Cffh to Negrais, for 300 Rupees, having 
 given him a proteft before he could pievail upon him. * 
 
 Capt. 
 
 ■* Thiit Capt. Jaikfon fliould have been able to have put the Trcafure, &c. 
 on board the Sloop London, docs not feem to co'intenance his former Report 
 jIFA and PEGU, of having 70 Fegucrs fcnt on loard, and being debarred fer.ding off any thino-, 
 even ii'fl/fr ox provlfions, without au order from Government. ^ 
 
 94
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 191 
 
 Capt. Jackfon having defired Afporaiah to let the Arcot go, 
 and offered to remain himfelf, till advices were received from 
 the Ga-.ermr of Madnifs; Apporazah told him, that neither 
 he nor the vej^el fliould go on cviv account. Capt. Jackfon fays 
 " I told him he had taken a very wrong (Icp, and that tlic 
 *' Governor of Maclrafs would refent it very foon : that there 
 " was a Fleet of Men of It'cir at Madrafs, ready, at an 
 " hour's warning, to go any where on The Companys account, 
 " and wiflied he did not repent it when too late. I received 
 " a letter from Apporazah, defiring me to give the Gunner his 
 " Chefi. and Cloathes, and pay him what was his due ; I fent him 
 " word that that Man belonged to The Honourable Company, 
 " and hoped when he came to Syrian, he would deliver him to 
 " me. The ufage I meet with now (continues he) is very 
 " bad, for I have been abufed by the Peguers, ^Lndjiruck hy 
 " one of their Generals, when I was fuk on my Cot, I complained 
 " of it, but have got no fatisfacVion as yet : The Troubles in 
 " the Country are very much encreafed, and the Peguers, at 
 " prefent, are the ftrongeft, and have taken feveral Bdllongs 
 *' and Convoys, with provijions, going to the Buraghmahn Camp, 
 " and the Pegu Army is at Ava, '^ and joined by the ^wys, 
 *' Siamefe and Junkamoyers ; and it is my opinion that the 
 " ^iiraghmahns will never be Mafers of the Country ; for this 
 " King of the Buraghmahns is an Ufurper, and the true Prince is 
 " now at war with him : Here is no manner of T'ode, except 
 " for arms and -ivarlikc-Jlores , which the King (of Pegu) b'.ys, 
 " and pays as he pleafes : no ret<'rning Cargo to be got, and 
 ** every thing/o dear, that Provifons are much cheaper at Madrafs 
 " than here." 
 
 Capt. 
 
 ■A and PEGU. 
 
 * Cjl^i. Baker'' s Diary ftiews how ill Capt, J^aci/on was informed oi ihi 
 ^S fi-'^c of ihc Country. Cj),
 
 192 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Capt. Jackfon's letters are dated at Syrian, icth and nth 
 December, 1755, lie fays he was then fomething recovered, 
 from a long fit of illncfs, that for five months had rendered 
 him unable to get off" his Cot. 
 
 Capt. Jackfuii tranfmltted the following copys of Letters. 
 " Coppys of the Uper Roger's Letters. 
 
 *' To Capt'- Jadfon and the refi of the Englijli Getiiclmen. 
 
 "SIRS, 
 
 " As your are of the fide of my Etiinteys, I am 
 " allways a Freind to the EngUJh, I entend to fend my Fleet of 
 *' Ships and Ballongs to drive away my Enimeys, I hope you will 
 " not ftop or make any refiftance againft my fieet and Army, that 
 *' you have no reafon to fire att your frcinds, all the favours I have 
 " granted to- The Eng/iJJj Company, at Syrian Negrais and BaJJlm, 
 " its a fecurity, I hope that you will not make any Refstance at 
 " the Succefs of my Arms, and if you will come to the Port of 
 " Syrian, with all the Fejfels of the Englijlo flagg, that I give you 
 " my -word and honour, that I will receive you as formerley, that 
 " you may come and trade here without molleftation, I give you 
 *' the word of a King, that I will receive you as formerly, and 
 AFA and PEGU, k fmcere 
 
 96
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 19^ 
 
 * fincere fieindfhip, by this this fame opertunky, fend me an 
 '' Anfwer of yours and the reft of there opinions. 
 
 « I am 
 
 " Syrian the i8th of June i 755. *' Gentlemen and Sirs, 
 
 ** your affured ficind, 
 *' (Singn^ w* is Signet) " Uppa Raja." 
 
 *' To Cap"- Jackfon. 
 
 "SIR, 
 
 ** I am very much furprifed, that you have not 
 *' done mee the favour, to write mee an Anfwer for my former 
 *' Letter, which I wrote to you dated the i8th of June. 
 
 *' I am of the fame Sentiments now, as I wrote to you 
 *• before, this is my feccond Letter, which I fend to receive am 
 " Anfwer, for your good and my Acquittance. 
 
 " I am with all emaginable refpeft 
 
 ** Syrian June the aS"'- 1755. *' Your mofl affured Freind 
 
 " Uppa Raia." 
 " To Capt"- ynckfon of the 
 
 " Company's Brggentien 
 
 " att Dagoon River. The true Coppy." 
 
 'A and PEGU. 
 
 97 E e c "A Coppjr
 
 M^A and PEGU. 
 
 98 
 
 194 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 '* A Coppy of our Letter to the Upa Raja and Monf/ Bunio^ 
 
 To his Highnefs the Upa Raja and Monf.' Bitrno at Syrian,- 
 
 *' S I R, 
 
 " Your Letters was delivered us by the BurramciS' 
 ** who permitted us to read them, and fent them up to Prone 
 " with the tzLO La/cars that brought them, to the King of the 
 " Bnrromers who left this place the 26th of June and with. 
 *' //;;/ is tivo Sons and the bejl of bis Forces, likcwife Mr. Crafton 
 " and Monf.' Lavi/i. 
 
 " You was fo kind as to proffer your Service to help us outr 
 " of this place which we fliall fincerely embrace and in cafe the 
 *' Biiramers fliould Attack you, you may depend that we will 
 " ^Jf'ft you to the lajl drop oi our Blood, for ever fince the Pegv.crr 
 " attacked the Burromas the have look'd on lis as there 
 " Enimeis and how farr the may refent it God above knows, 
 " therefore as you are Clrijians, we humbley beg your kind affif- 
 " tance to in order to gctt out of this Place. 
 
 " Tlic Bt'.rmas has now Eighty Ballongs, nine of which as 
 ** great Guns, and the have two mounted on the Shore and a 
 " Dutch Briganteen is man'd with Burmabs, The Company's 
 " Sno-d) as thirteen Guns on board and the reft of the Ships as 
 " Six arid Small ArmSj and with your kind affiilance wee thinlc 
 
 " it
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 195 
 
 *' it no difficulty to gett out. 
 " Wee are 
 « Sirs 
 
 " Your mofl: obedient and 
 " Humble Servants, 
 " Dated on board the " Robert Jackfon. 
 
 " Honble Company s Snow ** Jn"- Whithal.* 
 
 " Arcot in Dagoon River, " Tho^- Swain. 
 
 " July the i2th, 1755. " Edward Savage. 
 
 " To Antony Burno Efqr. " Henry StringfcUow. 
 
 " at Syrian. " A True Coppy." 
 
 It is proper here to infert fome extradls of Mr. Brockets 
 letters to Governor Pigct ; the firft is dated 3ifl: Auguft 1754, 
 before Mr. Pigot v^'as removed, from \.\\z.Ckiefship of Fizagapatai)i, 
 to fucceed Mr. Saunders in the Government of Madrafs. 
 
 " Nicoofe having been feat to Mr. Saunders as Embnjfador 
 " from the King (of Pegu), we have attempted nothing, fave 
 " only a correfpondence by letters, 'till his return, which we 
 " earneftly hope for, and expect all affairs will be adjufted : 
 *' the Ki^g (of Pegu) feems much more inclined to favour 
 " Us, than at our firft coming, but this I take arifcs not fo 
 " much from any cordiality towards Us, as through his policy, 
 " led we lliould be inclined to favour the Burafrhruabus, who 
 ** have gained a complcat Battle over the King's Brother, the 
 *' Rajah, and have regained their Capital Ava. 
 
 On 
 
 'A ait^ PEGU. * ^^r. Whltehill's name is fo fpclt in the MS, the Spel'/mg of which is 
 
 here follovved: as it Avill flicw the neceffity of deviating fiom the IMS in th«-' 
 99 lormer Extradrs. J^
 
 196 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 On the 13th April 1755 he writes *' By the occurrences 
 " and Tranlacftions of this Place, together with the General 
 " Letter, voli will be a competent Judge of our prefent fituation, 
 '■'■ as notliing is related therein but the fimple truth, without 
 " varniih or evafion ; To conclude with the King of Pegu on 
 " advantageous terms, I now defpair of; how can we expedt 
 " it ? when even now, though he wants our afllftance, yet He 
 " will not aflure us, that He will maintain our Soldiers, though 
 " they fl^.ould fight, and lofe their lives, in the defence of his 
 *' Country; has He not ufed Us ill, on all occafions? has he 
 " not, as much as in him lay, underhand endeavoured to ruin 
 " us ; by preventing the People to work for Us, and to bring 
 " Us Rice, &c. Victuals, though his Country might have 
 " fupplicd Us; There is much difference between foliciting and 
 " being folicited : we are purfuing the Man, who Is unwilling 
 " to aflifh us, yet if he had it in his power He would not ; 
 " and are courted by the Kitig of Ava, who Is ready and able 
 " to favour Us ; to turn the deaf ear to his addrefs, and tender 
 " of his Friendfiiip, would in my opinion be an adt of impru- 
 *' dence ; but You cannot /ifien to him, without offending the 
 *' other ; What then is the Medium ? had we a Force here lufii- 
 " cient to carry IFeight, we could eufily turn the Ballance of 
 *' Power In favour of the Biiraghmahns : to accomplilh this 
 " would require brifk Force, and a-Veflel to lye at Dagon, in 
 *' SyriiVi River, would be abfolutely neceflary, and would not 
 " only prevent fupplies of Arms, &c. from paffing through 
 *' Syrian River, but prevent all the King (of Pegu's) IVar 
 " Bnats from going up the Rivers towards Prone, then the 
 " Biiraghmahns, could come even to Syrian unmolefted, who 
 " together with a junction of our Troops by ihefe Rivers, 
 " would probably carry every thing before them, and fettle the 
 " Affairs of this place in one Campaign ; but fliould we not 
 '* concern ourfelves in this Aflair, the French who have openly 
 100 *' efpoufed 
 
 jrA and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 197 
 
 efpoufed the Peguers' Cavfe at Syrian, may turn the fcale 
 againfl: the Buraghmahns, which now feems to incline to their 
 fide ; what fhould we then expert from his Majejly of Pegu ? 
 or yet in cafe the Bhraghtnahns Ihovild meet with fuccefs in 
 the next Campaign, without our Affiftance ; We cannot then 
 hope for thofe favourable Conditions we may at this junfture 
 reafonably expedt. I have thus candidly given you my 
 Opinion of our Affairs here, that you may be acquainted 
 with the mofl: minute Circumfhances, and though Troops 
 are expenfive, yet they are neceffary, if you will tliink 
 proper to fpare any, OElober is the beft Month for their 
 arrival here ; in the interim I fhall, with the utmoft Circum- 
 fpeftion, give no jufl; Caufe of Offence to either Party,, 
 though our being on this IJland, I believe is fufficient to the 
 King of Pegu," 
 
 In a fubfequcnt letter, dated 26th Nov. 1755, Ivlr. Brookt 
 
 doesjuftice to Ca.\)X.. Baker s mtxks, whom he had, on the death 
 
 of Capt. Hammond, appointed to the command of the Cuddalore, 
 
 till the Orders of the Government at Madrajs could be known; 
 
 he fays " this Gentleman's Characler has been unexceptionable 
 
 ' fince on this Expedition, both in Mr. Hunter's time and 
 
 ' fmce ; he has tranfadled The Honourable Company's affairs, 
 
 ' at their Faclcry of Per/aim, with circumfpevflion and prudence, 
 
 ' and hope on thefe Accounts You will find him a perfon 
 
 ' worthy of his prefent Station. 
 
 AFjI sttd PEGU. 
 
 lOI 
 
 *' Capt. Baker relates that the King of the Bitraghmahm has 
 been very diffident of our conduft, and miftruftful of our 
 Intentions, occafioned by the proceedings of the Gemle.men 
 of the Shipping at Syrian, who have acted quite contrary to 
 what we have done on this IJlaiui, in behaving offenfively, 
 
 Fff "and
 
 198 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 *' and firing againfl; the Bilragbmah Tope at Dn^oott, in con- 
 *' junction with the French and Pcgtters ; How then, fays the 
 ** King (of the Buraghmabiis), can I have confidence in what 
 ** You fay, You come with a fair face, but your Countrymen 
 " join with my Enemies againfl: me, and producing an Iron 
 " Shot, witnefs the truth of vviiat I fay, this came from an 
 " EugUp Ship againft my People. But in his letter to me, he 
 " promifes The Company a Place at Perfaim, Another at 
 " Dai^oon, and Liberty to etijoy this IJland, but I cannot be 
 " afllircd whether He means that we fliall eredl Fortifications in 
 " his Country, fo much however for the firfl: Ncgociation : yet 
 " 'tis highly probable, that were it not for the unlucky and 
 " unaccountable affair of the Shipping at Syrian, we fliould have 
 " concluded every thing to our fatisfadtion. He feems ftrcnn- 
 *' oufly to defire our affiftance againft the Peguers, yet would 
 " make us believe he does not want our help. * 
 
 " Some French Gentlemen, now here, report that the Upoo 
 " Rnjab (Apporazah) was determined to make another attack, 
 " in conjundlion with all the Shipping, French and Englijh, at 
 *' Syrian ; which Report alfo agrees with our laft advices from 
 " thence, which further fay that the Vpoo Rajah fent for all 
 " the EngUjlo Co?]imanders and told them, in publick, to prepare 
 " to go againft the Buraghmahns, which they feeming to 
 " decline, he further faid, it did not fignify to raife objedlions; 
 " it was a thing determined they Jloould go, and if not with free 
 " will, he would compel them, and fend a force of Peguers on 
 " board their Ships, or words, to that purpofe; I have taken 
 " the Liberty to advifc You of thefe things, that you may be 
 *' the better able to proceed, but, with us here, it is the unani- 
 
 " mous 
 
 JIFA and PEGU. — — 
 
 103 * He feemcd to vi&iA ArinsAaii Ammunitionhnt no other ajpfiancc. J^
 
 FJ and PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 199 
 
 *' mous voice of this Place, that a Force is rcqiiifite to extricate 
 *' the Shipping out of Syrian." 
 
 Mr. nijitehill in a letter, to the. Governor of Madrafs, dated 
 loth December 1755 from Negrais, fiys " We are in a very 
 *' bad llate of defence, in cafe of an attack, which I miifl; fay, 
 " we mny exped, from what 1 heard and faw, while I was 
 " with the Biiraghhiahns and Peguers, which was from 3d June 
 " to 2cth Augull, in this, time I underwent vaft uneafinefs ; 
 " The Company will never do any thing in this Country without 
 draw;ng the S'uord, and that mull be in favour of the 
 B-'raghmakns ; and that Joon if at all, for fhould the Pegners 
 get head again, by the affiftance of French, it is all holiday 
 with us, for then you may be fure they will try to rout you 
 from this Place, and if they cannot do that, they will hinder 
 you from an ounce of Trade, fo that what good will this 
 JJlatid be to you." 
 
 
 Notwithftanding thefe opinions, of the propriety of a^jjijl- 
 ing the Bihwh mains, It appears by a fubfequent letter from 
 Capt. Jaikfon, that the King of Pegu had obliged him, as well 
 as all the other Eaglip Ships at Syrian, to go with the Peltiers, 
 again to attack the Buragbmahns at Dagoon, promifing they 
 fliould, on their return, have liberty to depart : the F/eet 
 confiiled of three Englijh and one French Ship, The King of 
 Pegti's Snow, and three hundred of his Boats ; an Jrwy of 10,000 
 men marched at the fame time to attack the Buraghmahns by 
 Land, who retired to their Fort, and defended themfelves 
 refol nely ; and having fct fire to a Jitngodo • of Boats, thefe 
 
 driving 
 
 105 * Suppofcd to mean feveral Boats faftencd together. ^
 
 AVA and PECU. 
 104 
 
 too ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 driving down towards the Fleet, compelled them to weigh and 
 fall down the River, by which means they avoided the danger, 
 though the French Skip very narrowly efcaped being burnt; 
 Sometime after Capt. Jackfon's return to Syrian, viz. 5th January 
 1756, he obtained the if/'«^ of Pf^K'j leave to depart ,- but the 
 King of Pegu obliged him to leave five of the Ar cot's Guns 
 behind, promifing to return them as foon as the Troubles 
 (hould be over. 
 
 Capt. Jachfon, meeting with a violent gale of wind, wras carried 
 to leeward of Negrais, and bore away for Fizagapatam. 
 
 Mr. Brooke having, on account of his health, defired to be 
 relieved from the Chicfjlnp of Negrais ; Mr. Andrew Newton was 
 appointed to fucceed him ; but Mr. Newton having declined 
 on account of ill-kealth, Capt. John Hoives, a Military Officer, 
 was on 28th February 1756 nominated Chief, and having 
 received his difpatches the 15th March, proceeded thither in 
 the Ctiddalore, Capt. Baker, and arrived at Negrais the 12th 
 April : Capt. Howes died in a few months after his arrival, 
 and Lieut. Thomas Newton, as the Senior Officer on the Spot, 
 fucceeded Capt. Howes. 
 
 In June 1757 Lieutenant Nervton fent Enfign Robert Lester, 
 on an Embajfy to the King of tlie Biiragbmah'is ; his Motives 
 appear in the Letter prefixed to Enfign Lejier's Diary, viz. 
 
 To
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 201 
 
 To Enfign Robert Lejler. 
 
 S I R, 
 
 I have received a Letter from the King of Ava, 
 wherein he has acquainted me with his Conquejl of Pegu, and 
 has defired I would meet him in his way to Prone, having 
 fome Matters of Confequence to communicate to me ; at the 
 fame time he acquaints me, if I could not conveniently come 
 myfelf to him, then to fend fome proper Perfon, in my ftead, to 
 confer with him. 
 
 As I believe it would be imprudent in me to leave the 
 Honourable Company's Settlement, being at this time much 
 indifpofed, fo, on the other hand, I believe it will be for the 
 Intereft and Safety of this Settlement, to comply, as far as wc 
 are able, with the King (of Avas) defire ; I do therefore, on 
 mature confideration, look upon you to be the mofl proper 
 Perfon at the Negrais, to proceed on this Embaffy, and you arc 
 accordingly appointed by me to go as an Ambajfador Extraor- 
 dinary to the Bilraghmah King on this Occafion ; and you are to 
 be furniflied with fuch Prefents as the Settlement affords at this 
 time, which are to be delivered to His Majejly in the Name and 
 Behalf of The Honourable Company. 
 
 I have given Orders for the Mary Schooner to attend you from 
 this Place to Perfaim, where you are to meet Antonio, who is 
 ordered by the King (of Ava) to provide proper Boats for your 
 Conveyance, and to condud you fafely to him. 
 
 I now fend by you, two Copies of an intended treaty of 
 Friendpip and Alliance between the King of Ava, and the 
 105 ^gg Honourable 
 
 i and PEGU.
 
 202 ORIENTAL REPERTOR.Y. 
 
 Honourable United Eajl India Company ; one of which you are to 
 life your utmoft Endeavours to get His Majejly's Signet afHxed 
 thereto, which done and compleated, you are then to prcfent 
 him the other figned by me, and fealed with the Seal of the 
 Jnns of the Honourable United Eaji India Company. 
 
 And as it will be impoffible for me to know, at this Diftance, 
 what Reception you may meet with from the King, or His 
 Great Officers about him, fo it is out of my Power to give you 
 any particular Inftruftions, relating to your Condufl on that 
 Head, I muft therefore refer it to )our own Prudence and 
 Judgment, in ailing according to the Treatment you meet 
 with, wliich will be your bell Guide on this Occafion. 
 
 I have herewith enclofed an Account of fuch things as are 
 now fent with you, as a Prefent to the King (of Ava) which I 
 recommend to your peculiar care, until fuch time as they are 
 delivered by an Order from His A^jjejij. 
 
 I muft defire you to let me hear as frequently from you as 
 Opportunities will admit of, I moft fincerely wifli you Enjoyment 
 of Health and a fuccefsful Embaffy, and 
 
 1 am, Sir, 
 
 Your moft humble Servant, 
 Negrais, June 24th 1757. 
 
 Thmas Newton. 
 
 P. S. I have enclofed an exaft Copy of my Letter to the 
 King of ylvdy which I defire you will fliew to Antonio, and 
 endeavour, by all means, to get it well and fairly tranflated into 
 jrJ W PEGU. '^' B^raghmah Language. 
 
 106 Enfign
 
 ■A «nd PEGU. 
 
 107 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 203 
 
 Enlign Robert Lejier's Proceedings on an Embajfy to the Ki>:^ 
 of AvA, PegUj &c. 
 
 June 26th 1757. 
 This Morning at 7 o'Clock I received the above Letter, and 
 at 8 I embarked on board the Honourable Company's Schooner, 
 the Mary, the IFind and the Tide being then in our favour, 
 for Perfaim, I ordered the Mafter to proceed for that place, 
 he accordingly weighed oj-^, and failed; and at 10 at night 
 we c|-^ at tke Entrance of Perfaim River ; I have with mc 
 one Gunner, one Matrofs and two La/cars; with the undermen- 
 tioned things, as a Prefent for the King of AvOy in the Name 
 and Bthalf of the Honourable Company, viz. 
 
 I Four Pound Gun and Carriage compleat. 
 
 1 New Carriage for a Nine Pounder. 
 
 2 Barrels of fine Europe Powder. 
 
 I Pair of Brafs mounted piltol Biunderbufles. 
 
 1 Fuzec brafs mounted. 
 
 2 Pieces of ordinary Red Broad Cloth.. 
 
 3 D? of Perpctuanoes Popinjay. 
 2 D? of fine China Carpets. 
 
 10 D? of Red Silk Taffety. 
 2 D? of Silk Grogram. 
 2 D? of Coffimbuzar Handkerchiefs.. 
 2 D? of fine ftriped Soofics. 
 2 T)^ of Scerfuckers. 
 
 June 27th 1757. This evening at 9 o'Clock we 4-^ at 
 Perfaim, and, according to my Inftruftions, 1 immediately 
 enquired for Antonio, the Perfon who is to be my Conduclor' 
 to the King of Ava, but was inforpncd that he was at Koughknng, 
 a Place Eighty or Ninety miles up the River, I then ordered a 
 Boat might be difpatched, with all Expedition, to let him- 
 
 know
 
 S0+ ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 know I was arrived at this Place, as an Ambaflador from the 
 Chief of the Illand Ne^rais (with a Prefcnt) to the King of 
 Ava. Sec. 
 
 28 th. Waiting for Antonio. 
 
 29th. Waiting as above. 
 
 30th. This night, at 9 o'Clock, 'Nineteen Boats with a great 
 number of Pegu Fami/ics arrived here, from up the Countryj 
 In order to fettle at this Place, under Protedlion of the 
 Buraghma/j. No news of Antonio. 
 
 July I ft. This Day a fmall Boat came here from Koughkong, 
 the Head Man of which tells me Antonio will be here in two 
 Days. 
 
 2d. At 10 at Night I was informed Antonio was on his way 
 for this Place, and would be here to-morrow. 
 
 3d. This Evening at 6 o'Clock Ajilonio came to this Place, 
 and informs me he fhall have Boats ready for my Conveyance 
 to the King of Ava, &c. in fix Days, or thereabouts, 1 then 
 told him of a Copy of the Chief of Negrais Letter, which I have, 
 to be tranflated into the Buraglrmah Language, which he promifes 
 me faithfully to afTift in doing, before we get to the Ki>ig; he 
 likcwife tells me that the Prince of Per/aim and himfelf, with 
 the Intereft they have, he hopes fhall be able to get our Treaty 
 of Friemljkip and Alliance approved of, and the King's Signet 
 affixed thereto. I have endeavoured, all I can, to bring 
 Antonio to particulars, with regard to an Englijl} Ship, which 
 the faid Antonio wrote to the Negrais was arrived at Dagcn with 
 108 Prejents 
 
 AVA and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 205 
 
 Prefenls from Madrafs, for the YLitig of Ava ; but now he declares 
 to me that when he was coming away from Dagon, he had only 
 time to hear the Captain's Name was Bellam, the Ship from 
 Madrafs, but knows nothing further concerning her; but 
 further fays, that, fince he left Dagon, there's arrived there, a 
 Sloop, belonging to the King of Ava, from Fort St. George, and 
 a French Brigantine, ftranded near Syrian Bar, the Crew faved. 
 
 July 4th. My Conductor is fometimes employed in getting 
 the Boats in readinefs for our Departure, other times torturing 
 the Peguers, and coUeding all the Money, Sec. he can, from 
 them, to carry to the King (of Ava). 
 
 5ch. Antonio is employed as above. 
 
 6th. I this Day fpoke to Antonio about getting Mr. Newton s 
 Letter to the King (of Ava) tranflated into the Biiraghmah 
 Language, but he tells me he has fuch a multiplicity of Bufinefs 
 on his Hands (collecling as above) that he fliall not be able 
 to do it here, but pofitively promifes to do it when we get in 
 the Boats. 
 
 7th. I am in waiting as above. 
 
 8th. This Day Antonio defired me to let the 4 Pound Guh 
 be put in the Boat I am to go in, that the Men might cover 
 the faid Boat with Thatch, I immediately gave Orders for it to 
 be done, as likewife the two Carriages, to be landed, to put 
 Matts about them, that they might look well, when they came 
 to the King (of Ava.) 
 
 'A and PEGU. y^^^ j,,j^ 
 
 109
 
 2o6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 July 9th. Antonio informs that he expcds to meet the Kiii"^ 
 (of Ava) at Dagon, or fhortly after he leaves that Place, and 
 that our Rout fhall be by the way of Koughkong, and that h« 
 Itall be ready in three Days, to leave this Place. 
 
 loth. Antonio is employed as beforemcntioned. 
 
 nth. At 6 this Evening Antonio came to me, and defired 
 the things might be put in the Boat to-morrow, as he intends to 
 go away foon the next Morning.. 
 
 1 2th. This Morning I gave orders to Mr. Briggs, the Mafier 
 of the Mary Schooner, to deliver to the Buragkmah Boats the 
 remainder part of the King (of Avas') Prefent. 
 
 13th. I find the Boat that I am to go in is very badly fitted 
 for the prefent Seafon, which I told Amonio of, this Morning, 
 he feemed very indifferent about it, and told me that the 
 Saggee of Perjaim was juft arrived with fome Pegu Boats, which 
 had Rice in, that they had bought at the N^grais, this feemed 
 to make fome difturbance amongft them, as there was a great 
 number of them affembled together at that time ; I then told 
 Antonio that I was informed, by the Chief at Negrais, that the 
 King (of Avn) had given Orders that I fhould have a proper 
 Conveyance, and as I found I had not, it was at my Option to 
 return or not, on which an Knglijlo Mujiee, in Antonio's Service, 
 his Name (Villiam Pladivell, who is to be Interpreter from me to 
 Antonio, made ufe of fome very impertinent Language in 
 Portuguefe, fuch as " let them go to the Devil," as I under- 
 ftand a little of the above Language, I was rifing up to chaftife 
 the above Tladu-ell, for his Infolcnce, but on Confideration I 
 Jl FA and PEGU. ^j^Q^oht it bed to let it alone, as it might erabarrafs The 
 1 1 o Company's
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 207 
 
 Company's Affairs on my prcfent Enibci£v, and fo I put up 
 with ir, on Anfonlo's promifing t!iat nothing of that kind ihouid 
 happen again, 1 meet with many things amongft thefe People 
 that would try the molT: patient Man ever exifted, but as I 
 hope it is for the good of the Gentlemen I ferve, I fliall put 
 lip with them and proceed ; Antonio told mc he was to go at 
 Noon, on which I embarked, and left Perfaim to go on this 
 Embaffy, by the way of Koughkong ; I wrote to the Chief of 
 Negrais by Mr. Briggs of the Ma)-y Schooner, but as the Letter 
 was delivered, and we were juft going away, 1 made no mention 
 of the above in the PublUk Letter, but gave him a hint of their 
 behaviour in private, 
 
 July 14th. It being now the Ra'my Sea/on, the Rher is 
 fomewhat rapid, and no Flood Tide to affifl: us ; we. have four 
 Boats, one that I am in, one Antonio has, with two others 
 accompanying, and make but little defpatch, by reafon above ; 
 I had a meeting with Atitcnio to day, and put him in mind of 
 his promifing to get Mr. Newton" s Letter to the King (of Ava) 
 tranllated into the Buraghmah Language, but he again put it off, 
 by faying he had a good deal of bufmefs to tranfaft before he 
 got to Koughkong, and that he pofitively would do it before we 
 got to the King (of Ava) he likewife told me, that they had 
 evident proof, that the Negrais fupplied the ftragling Peguers 
 with Rice, and other things, which hindered them from coming 
 under the Bdragbmah Laws, and would fomewhat enrage the 
 King (of Ava) but he hoped it was in his power to make all eafy 
 on that head. 
 
 July 15th. At 7 this Evening we got to Praggee, and 
 Antonio informs me that he has had Intelligence that the Kin^ 
 (of Ava) is at Dagon, he likewife tells me, that we are now 
 half way to Koughkong, and the Boat that I am in will take 
 ^ ^ ^ three 
 
 '^A an:I PEGU.
 
 aoS ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 t|irec Days longer to get there, and that he thinks it is bed 
 for him to go away immediately, and get things in readinefs 
 for the remainder part of our Pafiage, to which I agreed ; he 
 left Orders with the Head Man of my Boat, to make difpatch, 
 and went away, we have exceffive hard rains with muclx 1 bunder 
 and Lightning; this Afternoon fee fome Mountains to the left 
 of us, which is the firjl 1 have feen fmce leaving the Negrais, 
 the Land being low, and encompafled with PVoods and Bupes, on 
 each fide the River, and very little inhabited, at this time, 
 but it appears to be a fine River, and I believe navigable for 
 Ships as far as I have come. 
 
 July 1 6th. This Morning at 8 o'clock we left Praggee, and 
 at 7 in the Evening the Men made the Boat faft to the "Trees, 
 which hang over the River, in order to go to reft, having been 
 rowing all day, the River becomes much narrower. 
 
 17th. Proceeding to Koughkong as above, at Noon we 
 flopped at a fmall town, and got four Men more, we have 
 now fixtecn Men to row the Boat, at Night lay at the River 
 fide as before. 
 
 1 8th. At 10 o'clock this Morning got to the Entrance of 
 Kcughkong Creek, and at 6 in the Evening, Antonio told me he 
 was ready to go, on which we embarked and left the above 
 Place, he likewife told me he has received a Letter from the 
 Prince of Per/aim, who is with the King (of JraJ defiring him 
 to make all the difpatch he can, and that he believes we fliali 
 meet the King of Ava after leaving Dagon. 
 
 19th. The River is 77iore rapid and our Men take but little time 
 to eat or reft, but labour much in getting the Boats along, this 
 Evening, At 5 o'Clock, we joined Antonio, at 2.Jmall town, on the 
 112 bank 
 
 AFA and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 209 
 
 bank of the River, and he informs me that he has had 
 intelligence, that the King (of Ava) has left Dagoii, and that 
 he expedls we Ihali meet the Ki/;g (of Ava) in three Days; 
 he likewife promifes me, he will come to my Boat to-morrow, 
 and get Mr. New/on's Letter to the King (of Ava), as likewife 
 the Treaty, tranflated into the Buraghmah Language, we have 
 exceffive hard Rains, which makes it fomewhat dilagreeable. 
 
 July 20th. This morning at 8 o'clock Antonio, with 
 IVilliam P/aawell, an Englijh Miijfce in his Employ, and a 
 Bthaghniah Writer, belonging to Antcnio, came into my Boat, 
 and tranflated Mr. Newton's Letter to the King (of Ava), as 
 likewife the Treaty of Alliance, into the Bura^hmah Language, 
 m the following manner, Pladiuell interpreted the a,bove to 
 Antonio, in the Porttiguefc Language, and Antonio didtated to his 
 IVriter in the Buraghmah Language ; This, according to my 
 inftruiflions, is the beft method I can find, to get the above 
 done, when finifhed Antonio told me, that Mr. Brooke, as 
 likewife Captain Houes, former Chiefs of the Negrais, had 
 promifed the Prince of Perfaim and himfelf, in cafe of gettino- 
 the King of Avas Signet, or Chop, affixed to the Treaty, tliat 
 they fhould have a good Prefent, and as I was now here in 
 the Name of The Company, if it was done, he hoped that 
 they fhould not be forgot ; on which I gave him my Word 
 and Honour, in the Nai7ie of The Honourable Company, that if 
 the above was compleated, the prefent Chief, at Negrais, would 
 make them a genteel Prefent, he faid he would leave it to 
 the Prince, and went into his Boat, feemingly well fatisficJ ; 
 as the Prince of Perfaim has all that Province, from Neorais 
 to Perfaim, Koughkong, &c. in his Jurifdiiftion, and A tonio 
 being the next Man to him, and tranfafts all Affairs in the above 
 i and PEGU, '^'■''■w^^^ ^^^ ^s ^^'^ have no other to apply to, to get the 
 
 I i i above
 
 AFA and PEGU, 
 114 
 
 210 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 above fininied, I have taken upon me to make them this 
 Promifc, but I fear that will not be fufficient, when we fee 
 the Prince. 
 
 July 2: ft. The Hiver is more contradcd, and, of confequence, 
 the Water more rapul ; At 8 o'clock at night we came to 
 that branch of the River which leads to Dagon, and had the 
 Tide in our favour for the firft time, at 10 ditto we flopped 
 at a Tozvn, on the River fide, where there is a Houfe built 
 for the King's Reception, there is another branch of the River 
 here, which leads to Prone, &c. &c. 
 
 July 22d. This Morning, at break of day, we left the 
 above Town, and now we are come into a 7uicie River, we 
 meet with great numbers of Boats, loaded with Plunder, belonging 
 to the King of Jva, taken at Pegu, and I am informed going 
 up to Prone, Ava, &c. and that the King is not far from us. 
 
 At 3 this Afternoon, we came to a fmall Town, on the 
 lank of the River, where we found the King, in his Barge, 
 with great numbers of other Boats attending him ; Antonio 
 waited on the King, to acquaint him I was come, and, at 
 5 o'clock, a Meffenger came from Antonio to acquaint me, 
 that the King would give me Audience to-morrow morning, 
 and that it was the King's Defire I flrould fend the Prefent ^ 
 by the Meffenger, which I delivered. 
 
 July 23d. This Morning, at 7 o'clock, Antonio came to me, 
 and told me, that the King would give me Audience, at the 
 fame time he told me, that on going into the Kings Apartment 
 in his Barge, 1 muft leave my Sword and Shoes behind, and 
 on approaching near the King, to the Place appointed for mc, I 
 muft kneel; I ufed all the Arguments I could, and told him as an 
 
 Oficer
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 211 
 
 Officer in The Honourable Company's Service, I could not 
 confenc to the above, he then, as likevvife other Great Men 
 with him, told me, that no Per/on., let him be of the highcft 
 Rank, could have Audience given them by the Great King 
 of Ava, Pegu, &c. &c. {Allaum Pravj, next to God) if they 
 did not conform to the above, and that all Ambajj'adors, from 
 the Negrais before, had done it. 
 
 As I hope it will be a means of getting the Treaty of 
 Alliance, with the above King and The Honourable Com- 
 pany, fettled, I agreed, and went with Antonio to the King's 
 Barge, and after congratulating him, on his late conqueft of fo 
 potent a Kingdom, with other Compliments on the Occafion, 
 I delivered him my Credentials, which was explained to His 
 Majejly in the Bitraghmah Language, firft Lieut. Thomas Newton's 
 Letter, and after the Treaty of Alliance ; this done, The King 
 then faid through the Interpreters, William Pladzvell and Antonio, 
 that he had fixed his Chop to a Plate of Gold, with Rubies fet 
 rwwizV, aslikewife to a Paper which were both fent by JVIr. Dyer, 
 I then defired the Interpreters to inform the King, that I 
 believed thofe His Majefty was pleafed to fend by Mr. Dyer, 
 were Letters, and not of the fame kind with this Treaty of 
 Friendflnp and Alliance, between His Royal Self and The Honour- 
 able Eafi India Company; but Mr. Dyer had this Treaty with him, 
 and I believed His Majejly had approved of it, and promifed 
 His Rryal Signet, or Chop, fliould be fixed thereto ; and further 
 that the Etiglij}} were ftrongly attached to His Intereft ; and if 
 His Majify would now be pleafed to confent to the fixing His 
 Chojl> to the above, it would be a means of uniting the two 
 Nations together for ages to come. 
 
 The King then faid, that he had fent a Sloop fome Months 
 ago to Madrafs, with Goods to purchafe Powdey, Sec, and he 
 115 was 
 
 FA and PEGU.
 
 212 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 was informed by the Captain of another Sloop, now arrived at 
 Ddgon from the Coajl, that the Governor of Madrafs had de- 
 tained his Sloop there, I anfwered that we had received no 
 Letters, or News of any kind, from Madrafs, but I was pofuive 
 if the Sloop was detained, that the Governor of Madrafs did not 
 know that (he belonged to His Majefiy : As I had not room to 
 ftretch my legs out, and I was fomewhat uneafy, I faw a fmall 
 Stool behind me, which I took, and fat on, this caufed a laughter 
 among the Great Men about me, the King afked the reafon, and 
 was informed, on which he rofe up and came clofe to me, 
 and laughed very heartily, and afked me what was the reafon 
 that Englifhmen could not kneel ? I told him we were not ac- 
 cullomed to it ; on which he pointed to the Tard of the Boaf^ 
 which was clofe by, and told me I might fct there, I told His 
 Majefiy I was not infenfible of the Honour he did me, he then 
 pointed to the Prince of Perfiim, and told me he had given him 
 a new Name (Mmgee Naratazc) on account of his good beha- 
 viour, the King then afked me feveral Queflions, through the 
 above Interpreters, viz. Does your King go to the Wars and 
 expofe his Perfon as I do? Do you underftand the ufe of 
 Ordnance, &c ? Could you point a Gun to kill a Man at a 
 great dlftance ? Is there as much Rain in your Country as in 
 this ? Wliat is the reafon you wear that at your Shoulder, 
 (my Shoulder Knot) ? Plow much Money does The Company 
 pay you '|^ Month ? Why don't you black your Bodies and 
 Thighs as we do (at the fame time rifing up, and fliewing me 
 his I'high) ? Let me feel your Hand, feeling my Fingers and 
 Wrift, and faid we were like Women, becaufe we did not black 
 as above. 
 
 Is there Ice in your Country as in mine, fmall Creeks froze 
 over? I anfwered to all the above Qucllions, which feemed to 
 pleafe them, and to the laft Qucflion I told him that I had 
 ii6 fcen 
 
 AFJ and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 213 
 
 feen a River, as broad as ibis His Majefty is now in (meaning 
 London River) frozen over, and an Ox roafted whole upon the 
 Ice; to which the King, as likewife all the Great Men about him, 
 Jaughed heartily; the King aflccd me, what was the reafon wc 
 did not leave the Negrais, and come all to Per/aim, and fettle 
 there ? I told him that the Negrais was a Key to that River, if 
 we loft it entirely, that the French, who I believe we were now 
 at War with, would likely come there, but that we fhould 
 come with a firm refolution to fettle at Per/aim, if His Majejly 
 would indulge us in fettling the Treaty, and leave a fmall Force 
 at the Negrais ; The King then faid if all the Pozvers in The 
 fForld was to come, he could drive them out of His Country ; 
 he then aflced me, if we were afraid of the French ; I told him 
 that the Englijlj and French had no great liking for each otl^er, 
 but there never was that Engl'ijloman born, that was afraid of a 
 Frenchman ; the King then told me, that he had taken great 
 quantities of Guns, Bombs, &c. with all kind of Warlike Sores 
 at Pegu, and that he was now going up triumphant (with 
 the former King of Pegu, and his Dhnghler, the Uppa Rajah, 
 and other Great Men, Peguers, prifoners) to his great Cities, 
 Prone, Ava, &c. and that he would put his Chop, to our Treaty 
 of Alliance, and give us Liberty to trade in any part of his 
 Kingdom ; he then ordered me to follow him to the Mouth of 
 the River, which leads to Ava, where there is a Houfc, as above- 
 mentioned, for the King's reception, and I am informed, he intends 
 to ftay two or three days, and he would fend me Provifions and 
 fettle the above ; I defircd the Interpreter to return His Majejly 
 my hearty thanks for the Honour done me, and as His Barge 
 was getting in readinefs to proceed, I was defired to take my 
 Leave, which I did and came away ; I have made Prefents to 
 the Prince of Per/aim, King's Brother, Prime Minijler, and other 
 fix Great Men, about the King's Per/on, of the following 
 TA and PEGU, things, \'\7., Scarlet Chlh 30 Yards, 2 Pieces Scerfuckcrs, i Piece 
 J J ^ K k k PuUicat
 
 214 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Pullicat Handkerchiefs, i Kiityfall, i Bottle Lavender fFaier, 
 1 Ring, Brijlol Stone, with a Brilliant Spark on each fide, 
 I Black Feather, from my Hat, i Piece of Silk Handkerchiefs ; 
 this I have done, hoping it may be a means of getting my 
 bufinefs done, on The Company's Account, the fooner ; the 
 remainder part of this day we have been following the King to 
 the Place abovementioned, the Frejh in tliis River is exceflive 
 rapid, and we could not come to the Place where the King was, 
 at Night, I believe, at a moderate computation, there's in Boats, 
 on this River, on this Occafion, One hundred thoufand Men, 
 Women, and Children. 
 
 July 24th. This Day we have been making the befi: of our 
 way up the River, after the King ; At 5 this Evening, I faw the 
 Prince of Perfaim and Antonio in their Boats, who informed mc 
 that the King was a little way above us ; and that we fliould go. 
 to that Place, and ilay all night ; At 7 we came to the Place 
 where the King was, and lay by the Bank-Jule of the River. 
 
 July 2^th. This Day we have been following the King, as 
 Yefterday, and at night we flopped as above ; the Rains are 
 cxceffive fevere, and I cannot lye dry, which makes it exceflive 
 difagrceable. 
 
 D 
 
 July 26th. At 10 this Morning we came to the Place, where 
 x\\t Houfe, beforementioned, is built for t\iQ King's reception; the 
 Kings Barge lay clofc to it, and numbers of other Boats all 
 about it, there being four foot Water, all round it ; occafioned 
 by the fwelling of the River fince it v>'as built ; at Noon Autonio 
 came, and told me that the King wanted me, I drcfled myfelf 
 and went with him to the faid Hotifi, or Ifland, but found the 
 King was gone into His Barge, on which the Prince of Perfaim 
 kt him know I was come, his anfwer was I muft follow him to 
 118 Liinzee, 
 
 AJ'J and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 215 
 
 Ijinzee, a Place much farther up the River, and the King went 
 away immediately. 
 
 , But now the Promilc made to Antonio on the 20th inftant 
 (as I expeded) won't do, he now tells me that Mr. Brooke, 
 former 'Chief of the Nc^rais, promifed the Prince of Terfaim, 
 thirty Fifs of SHroer, and hmifelf twenty ; if the Kinfs Chop was 
 fixed to our Treaty; and that I muft give them from under my 
 Hand, in die Name of The Company, that thofe Sums muft 
 be paid, othcrwife no Chop fliould be affixed to our Treaty ; I 
 told them. The Company vvas at a great expence, and muft be 
 at a much greater, before they could bring the Negrais, and 
 Perfainiy to any Perfection, and this was a very large Sum. 
 
 Now, I am certain that nothing can be done without the 
 Intereft of the above Men ; this Affair has fubfifted a long time, 
 and is of the utmoft Confequence; there has been many 
 EmbaJJies before, on this head, and attended with a great 
 Expence to The Company ; and if I don't finifli now, there 
 muft be another Einbajfy (with a Prefcnt) on the fame Accounr, 
 I therefore concluded, within myfelf, to make them an Offer, 
 and put the finiftiing ftroke to this long Affair, which I did of 
 Twenty Vifs, which was not accepted, and on their going into 
 their Boats I made them an Offer of Tn-cnty-five, which was 
 likewife refufed ; fo we parted : the remainder part of this Day 
 we have been following the King, but did not come up with 
 him at Night. 
 
 July a 7th. This morning. At 8 o'clock, we came oppofite that 
 
 narrow entrance which leads to Koughkong, I there faw the 
 
 Prifice of Per/aim and J^ito .ic, and as I am pofitive nothing can 
 
 A anii PEGU, j^g done, but through thefe Men, neither can I get Audience 
 
 J 19 t*^
 
 ei6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 to the Ki/:g but by AtUonio, who is my Interpreter, I have 
 taken upon me to offer ihem Thirty Fifs, which they accepted, 
 and promifed that they would get the Ki-ig's Clop affixed to 
 our 'Treaty, and be firmly allied to our intcrell; this will, 1 hope, 
 meet with the Approbation of The Howurable United Ecijl- 
 Ind'ui Company, and Governor and Council of Fort St. George, &c. 
 This day has been attended with a bard Storm of JVind, and 
 Rain, I have nothing to eat but Salt Beef, which has been on 
 the Ifland Negrais four years; the Buragkmah King has not 
 been fo good as his Promife, in fending the Provifions ; our 
 Men put the Boat in a very difagreeable place this Afternoon, 
 and would not proceed any further, I believe through fear of 
 the inclemency of the weather, this gives me fome uneafinefs, 
 as we could not fee the King's Barge this night, but as it is 
 a conveyance found by the Country, and I could not fpeak 
 the Buraghmab Language, to the Men, to endeavour to make 
 them go on, I was obliged to wait with patience. 
 
 July 28th. We have been all this Day on our way for 
 Lunzee, but have feen nothing of the King's Barge, neither 
 the Prince of Per/aim, or Antonio; at Sunfet we paffed a large 
 Town, this River, all this Day, has been as wide as at the 
 Negj-ais, and the FreJJ} very ftrong againft us. 
 
 29th. This Morning, At 9 o'clock, we came to Lunzee, 
 and found the King's Earge here, and preparing to go away ; 
 Antonio came to me, and told me that the Ki'-g was juft going 
 away, and that the King's Chop was affixed to our Treaty, and 
 as the Prince of Per/aim was going with the King to Ava, 
 he had left every thing with him with regard to the Per/aim 
 Country ; and that he would deliver me the Treaty at Knu^hkong, 
 jm J T,r^^.. but if I chofe to fee the King, he believed we Ihould have 
 
 ■a yA and PEGU. . ^ • i i • 
 
 jull time to fee him and no more ; on which I went with him, 
 120 and
 
 A and PEGU. 
 Ill 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 217 
 
 and found the King was jufi: going awaj', fo that I was with 
 the King but a fhort time, the King told me, he vvould order 
 the Men in the Boat that I was in, to be punifhed for their 
 neglcd, in not coming up fooner ; he likewife told me, that 
 he had been informed, the Negrais had funplied the ftragling 
 Peguers with Rice, &c. which had hindred them from being 
 fubject to His Lazes, and that I mufc inform the C/v>/, that 
 nothing of that kind muft be done for the future; and, as he 
 was juft going away, he had left every thing, with regard to 
 fettling the Treaty, with Afitonio; and his Chop was affixed thereto: 
 and told me, we muft come to Pcrfaim and fettle ; I defired 
 Antonio, in cafe the Ships at Dagon had Letters^ or Stores, for 
 the Negrais, to afk the King for an Order, that they might 
 have the liberty of fending thofe things, which the King promifed 
 to grant ; the fliort time I was with the King, he alked me 
 feveral queftions, of the fame kind, as the laft time I v/as with 
 him; he likewife told me, that he would go to Madnifs and 
 carry a large Chejl of rich Stones, with all forts of other 
 Commodities, which his Country aflTorded ; he likewife told me 
 if a nine pound Shot was to be fired out of a Gun, and come 
 againft his Body, it could not enter; with fome other things 
 of the fame kind. As his Barge was juft going to put off, 
 I afked the King if he had any Commands to the Chief of 
 Negrais, he told me he had given Antonio a Letter, which he 
 would deliever to me ; made me a Prefent of Eighteen Oranges, 
 two dozen Heads of Indian Corn, and five Cucumbers ; fo I took 
 my leave of this Great Monarch, and came away ; and on our 
 coming to the Boat, Antonio told me, that the Boat I came in, 
 muft go to Ava, with the King, and I muft remove to 
 another Boat, fhewing me a fmall inconvenient Boat, which 
 was almoft finking ; I was obliged to go into this Boat, or 
 go to Ava with the King; fo I agreed, as I could not help 
 myfelf ; but I advifc any Gentlemen that fhould come on 
 
 L 1 1 thefc
 
 2i8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 thefe occafions, before they leave the Negrais, to get a good 
 Conveyance, for of all mankind, which I have feen, the 
 Buraghmah promtfes the mnft and performs the kaft ; At 3 o'clock 
 this Afternoon, we left Lv.nzee, and At 1 1 at Night, we got to 
 that Branch of the River which leads to Koughkong. 
 
 July 30th. All this Day we have been on our way to 
 Kotighkong, at Night we ftopped at a fmall Toivu, on the Bank 
 of the River, for the men to reft ; this Day has been attended 
 with conjiant rain, my two Europeans, with one Lafcar, are fick, 
 by being expofed to the inclemency of the Weather, Antomo 
 is gone before. 
 
 July 31ft. This Day at Noon we came to Korighkong,. 
 Antonio fent his Writer to me, to let me know he had pro- 
 vided a Houfe for me, and that he was much indifpofed 
 with a Fever, I went and looked at the Houfe, and found that 
 there was about two foot Water underneath it, occafioned by 
 it's being built near the Creek, but as the top feemed as if it 
 would keep the weather out, I preferred it to the Boat, and 
 landed, I find myfelf much difordered ; the weather as yefterday ; 
 the Boat I came in funk at night. 
 
 Auguft ift. I am much indifpofed, as likewife my Men, 
 Antonio, I am informed is the fame, fo that we cannot have 
 a Meeting;. 
 
 '&• 
 
 jiFA an J PEGU, 
 
 12Z 
 
 Auguft 2d. Antonio I am informed is very bad, the Saggee 
 of Perfaim died at this Place to-day, myfelf and men are as 
 yefterday. 
 
 Auguft
 
 OP^.IENTAL REPERTORY. 219 
 
 Augufl- 3d. Conftant raiti, Night and Day, the Heater under 
 our Honfe rifes much, Antonio is flill bad, I am fbmething 
 better to Day. 
 
 Aug. 4th. The Weather as yeflerday, Antonio is fo bad that 
 I cannot fpeak to him, and I have no other Perfon here, 
 that I can underftand, as Phdwell is likewife bad. 
 
 Aug. 5th. The Rains are exceflive fevere, this Afternoon, 
 about 5 o'clock, we had a violent Shock of an Earthquake, 
 which I took to laft about a minute and a half. 
 
 Aug. 6th. I this Day had a Meeting with Antonio, and fettled 
 the Treaty with him, in the following manner, viz. 
 
 That we are to have two hundred Bamboos fquare, (each 
 Bamboo containing feven Cubits') at Per/aim, and the Kings 
 Promife of more Ground, after our fettling at that Place. 
 
 That we are to prt fent to the King annually, for the Grant 
 of the IJland Negrais, and Spot of ground at Perfaim, one Piece of 
 Ordnance to carry a twelve Pound Shot, with tivo htmdred Fifs of 
 good Gw'pcvder, as an Acknowledgment, &c. &c. as fpecified 
 ^ Article the 6th, in the Treaty of Fri.ndjhip and Alliance. 
 
 After this we exchanged Treaties, he prefented me the Treaty 
 with the King of Ava, Pegu, &c.'s Chop fixed thereto, and done 
 in the above King's Prejence, I prefented him with the other, 
 to which Lieut. Thomas Nezuton, Chief of Negrais, had figned 
 his Name, and fixed the Arms of The Honourable Company ; 
 and according to my Promife, made to the Prince of Perfaim 
 'A and PEGU, a^d Antonio, on the 28th of laft Month,! gave him the undermen- 
 
 ,23 ^^°^^^>
 
 220 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 tioned Note, in the Name of The Honourable Company, but Antonit 
 defired that he might be called Checado in it, which is hii 
 Station in the Country. 
 
 Koughkotig, Ai:gufl: 6th, 1757. 
 
 I Promife, in the Name of the Honourable United Eajl India 
 Company, that the Prince of Per/aim (Mungee Narataw) as 
 likewife Cbecado, the next in Station to the above Prince, in 
 that Pro^'ince, do receive from the Chief of the IJland of Negrais^ 
 thirty Vifs of Silver between them, each Vifs containing one 
 hundred Ticcals, on Account of their being the means of getting 
 the Treaty of FriendJJjip and Alliance between 1 he Honcurahle 
 Eajl India Company and the King of Pegu, Ava, &c. fettled, the 
 Prince to receive Twenty Vifs, the Cbecado, Ten. 
 
 Robert Lejler.^ 
 
 I hope this will meet with the Approbation of the Gentlemen 
 I ferve, I am pofitive that it fignifies nothing our continuing 
 at the Negrais, or Perfaim, without we are in the intciefl of the 
 Prince of that Province ; as likewife Antcnio, who tranfacts all 
 Affairs there ; and as I could not have an Opportunity of 
 writing to the Chief oi Negrais, this is the beft method I could 
 think on ; Antonio tells me 1 mud ftay here five or fix Days 
 longer, the River being now fo rapid, that their Men think 
 it too great a Rifque to go to Perjaim. 
 
 Auguft 7th. This Day the Weather has been more moderate, 
 
 Auguft 8th. Antonio tells mc this Day that he would have 
 Conveyance ready for me to go to Perfaim in two days, but 
 as he has not recovered his proper flate of health, he cannot go 
 with me, but will come fliortly after. 
 124 9th. 
 
 AFA and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 ■221 
 
 Auguft 9th. This Day Mr. Buckley Hope, the Captain of a Ship 
 which was ftranded fome Months ago on the Pe^u Coajl, came 
 to this Place, and informed me, that he was come from Ba'^on, 
 and that there were fwo Englifi Ships at that Place, both from 
 Bengal, lafl from Madrafs ; one, Capt. Lowes, the other, Capt. 
 Bailey, which was called Bellam by Antonio before ; and that 
 Capt. Bailey had brought a Prefent, from the Governor of fort 
 St. George, for the King of Ava, &c. viz. One Brafs Field Piece 
 compleat. Eight Chejls of Powder, and five hundred Shot. 
 
 Auguft loth. I this Day wrote to the above Captains at Dagon, 
 defiring them to fend all the Intelligence they can to the Chief 
 of Negrais, with regard to the Company's Settlements at Bengal, 
 and on the Coaji of Coroma..del ; I expect to go away to-morrow, 
 Antonio having two fmall Boats in readinefs. 
 
 Auguft nth. This Day, at Noon, l\dr Koughkong, having 
 with me Captain Hope, Antonio being not quite recovered, he 
 intends to follow me in a few Days, at Night we flopped at the 
 Bank of the River. 
 
 Auguft 1 2th. This Day, at Noon, we palTed Praggee ; At 
 Night we flopped at Sanguaine, a Jrnall Town on the Bank of 
 the River, very hard Squalls. 
 
 Auguft 13th. This Morning we left the above Place, and 
 at midnight we got to Per/aim. 
 
 Auguft 14th. As there is no proper Conveyance at this Place, 
 to carry me to the Negrais, I landed, and wrote to the Chief, 
 to let him know I was come. 
 
 Auguft 15th. Very hard Rains, waiting for a Conveyance 
 to carry me to the Negrais. 
 
 Auguft 1 6th. As Yefterday. 
 
 Auguft 17th. Waiting as above. 
 *2S M m m Auguft 
 
 ^ anrl PEGU.
 
 222 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 Auguft i8th. Waiting for a Conveyance to carrj' me to the 
 l^egrais. 
 
 Auguft 1 9th. As Yefterday. 
 
 Auguft 20th. As above. 
 
 Auguft 2 1 ft. As above. 
 
 Auguft 2 2d. This Morning I went on the other fide of the 
 River, and took PoJfeJJion of the Spot oi Ground, in the l>}ame of The 
 Honourable United Eajl India Company, having the King, Allaum 
 Praxus Liberty for fo doing, I hoifted our Colours, and fired 
 three Follies of fmall Arms on the Occafion ; at the fame time, I 
 meafured, from High Water Mark, up to a fine Spot of Ground, 
 and found it to be Eighty-four Bamboos to the faid Spot, each 
 Bamboo containing /even Cubits, fo that according to my Agree- 
 ment W Treats, we have one hundred and fixteen Bamboos further 
 in, on the Land from the above Spot, which is a fine Plain ; 
 this Evening the Schooner came to this Place, and I had the 
 plcafure of receiving a Letter from the Chief of Negrais, ac- 
 quainting me that there was a Sloop at the Negrais, bound for 
 Bengal, and that (lie would fail the 25th Inftant ; on which I 
 ordered my things to be put on board the Schooner, that I might 
 Teach the Negrais before the above Sloop failed. 
 
 Auguft 23d. This Morning I embarked on board the 
 Schooner, the '^ was immediately weighed, and we failed for the 
 Negrais. 
 
 Auguft 24th. On our Paflage for the Negrais. 
 Auguft 25th. On our Paflage as above. 
 
 Auguft 26th. This Morning, At 3 o'Clock, we 4-> at the 
 Negrais, At 6, landed and delivered the above Proceedings, as 
 likewife the 7reaty, and a Letter from the King of Ava, &c. 
 
 .., ,. 7 r.T-^7r to the Cbitf. 
 Jf^J and PEGU. -^ j^gi^^rt Lefter. 
 
 126 Treaty
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 225 
 
 Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, between The 
 Honourable The United Company of Merchants of England, ' 
 trading to the Eaji Indies, Subjeds of His moft Sacred 
 Majejly, George the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great 
 Britain, France, and Ireland, King &c. &c. &c. of the One 
 Part, and the Great King of Ava znA Pegu, The greateft 
 King upon Earth, Allatmi Praw 8cc. &c. Sfc. of the Other 
 Part. 
 
 Be it known, unto all whom it may concern, that the Parties 
 abovementioned, wifely confidering that the Riches of Kingdoms 
 are derived from Commerce, for the Promotion and Profperity 
 whereof, it is ncceflary, that Security and a Free intercourfc 
 fhould fubfift, between the Nations trading together, they the 
 faid Parties have, therefore, for their mutual Benefit and Advan- 
 tage, Agreed on the following Articles. 
 
 ift. The King of Jva and Pegu doth hereby, for himfelf, 
 his Heirs and Succeflbrs, freely and abfolutely grant unto the 
 faid Honourable United Company, and their Succeflbrs, the IJland 
 of Negrais, which from henceforth for evermore they fliall and 
 may peaceably and quietly poflefs and enjoy, together with all 
 Benefits and Advantages arifing therefrom. 
 
 2d. The King of Ava and Tegu, for himfelf and his Suc- 
 ceflbrs, doth alfo hereby freely and abfolutely grant, unto the 
 faid Honourable United Company, and their Succeflbrs, a Spot, or 
 7'raB, of Ground fituate on the Bank of Per/aim River, oppofite 
 to the Pagoda Hill, and the Old Tozvn of Per/aim, of the follow- 
 ing Extent, Vz. "Two hundred Bamboos fquare, each Bamboo 
 containing 7 Cubits, which faid Spot, or Tracl, of Ground at 
 A and PEGU. Pcrjaim, The faid Company and their Succeflbrs, fliall and may 
 127 henceforth.
 
 224 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 henceforth, for evermore, peaceably and quietly poflefs anc] enjoy, 
 together with all Benefit and Advantage arifing thereuy. and 
 with full Liberty to build Foitif.caticns, and ercdl iucU otner 
 Buildiugs thereon, as they fliali think fit. 
 
 3d. The King of Ava and Pegu doth hereby further for 
 himfelf, his Heirs and Succeflbrs, freely and abfolutely, grant 
 unto the faid Honourable United Company, and their Succefibrs, 
 and the Servants of the faid Company, the full and unlimited 
 Privikdj^e of trading, in what kind of Goods or Merchandize they 
 Ihall think fit, throughout all his Dominions, without let or 
 hindrance, and free oi all Duties or Cujloms whatfoevcr; provided, 
 that the Commander of every Ship, arriving at any of his PortSj 
 and claiming the above previledge, do produce before he can 
 be entitled thereto, a Certificate figned by the Governors, Chicfsy 
 FaBors or Agents of the faid Company, that the Goods on board 
 fuch Ship, are the file Property of the fjid Conipar.y, or their 
 Servants, but all Goods whatfoever belonging to Strangers, or 
 Perfins not a5lually in the Service of the faid Company, fliall 
 pay the accuflomed Duties. 
 
 4th. The King of Ava and Pegu doth hereby give and grant 
 unto the faid Honciirable Company, and their Succeflbrs, and 
 Servants, the free Liberty of employing fuch Artificers, l-Foikmen 
 or Tradefmen of his Subjects, as fliall be willing to engage in his 
 Service, on paying them the ufual and accuftomed Wages, 
 And the King doth alfo hereby promife, that he will publilh to 
 his Subjects, free Liberty of engaging themfelves in the, Ciicl 
 Company's Service as aforeiaid. 
 
 5th. The King of Ava and Pegu doth hereby promife, that 
 
 ATJ and PEGU, in Cafe any of his Ofiicers, or SubjeSls, fl:iall at any time invade , 
 
 or molefi the faid Company, or their Servants, in any manner 
 
 128 of
 
 ■J and PEGU. 
 129 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 225 
 
 of wife, or abridge them of any of their Priviledges of Trade^ 
 herein before exprefled, on due Complaint thereof made, he 
 will, to the utmoft of his Power, v/ithout delay, proted and defend 
 the faid Company, and their Servants, and fupport them in the 
 exercife and enjoyment of the faid Priviledges. 
 
 6th. In confideration whereof, the faid Honourable Company do 
 hereby promife and oblige themfelves to prefent unto the King of 
 Ava, and Pegu, annually, one Piece of Or chance Xo c3.XYy a twelve pound 
 Shot, as likewife 200 Vifs of good Gunpowder, as an Acknow- 
 ledgement, that they bear in remembrance the King's Friendpip, 
 in granting the faid Ijl.ind of Negrait, with the Spot, or TraSi 
 of Ground, fituate on the Bank of Perfaiin River, as before- 
 mentioned, to the faid. Company. 
 
 7th. The faid United Company do hereby, for themfelves 
 their Heirs and Succeflbrs, fully and abfolutely grant unto the 
 King of Ava and Pt^-w, and his Succeflbrs, and his and their Sv.bjeSls 
 the full and unlimited Priviledge of trading in what kind of 
 Goods or Alerchandlze they fliall think fit, at the faid Company's 
 Ports, of Fort St. George, Fort St. David, Deve Cotah, and Fizaga- 
 patam, on the Coajl of Choromandcl, or any other of the Company's 
 Ports in India, without any Let or hindrance, and free of all 
 Duties and Cuftoms whatfoever, provided that the Comm.ander 
 of every Ship, arriving at the faid Ports, and claiming the above 
 Priviledge, do produce, before he can be entitled thereto, a Certi- 
 ficate, under the King's Chop, that the Goods on board fuch Ship, 
 are the fole Property of the King, or his Subje^s. 
 
 Sth. The United Company do hereby, for themfelves and 
 their Succeflbrs, promife and oblige themfelves to aid, affijl 
 and defend, the King of Ava and Pegu, and his Succeflbrs againfl: 
 all their Enemies by Sea and Land, and for that purpofe to 
 
 N n n furnilh.
 
 JFA and PEGU. 
 
 226 ORIENTAL REPEPvTORY. 
 
 fLirnifh fuch a number of Troops, with proper Warlike Stores, 
 as the Occafion may neceflarily require, and the faid Compauy 
 can conveniently fpare, from the Defence and Protedion of 
 their own Territories ; upon confideration, neverthelefs, that the- 
 King fhall defray the Wages, and all Charges whatfoever, of 
 fuch Troops, during the Time they fliall be in his Service, and 
 pay for all M'^arlike Stores that fliall be expended. 
 
 9th. The faid United Company do further for themfclves 
 and their Succeflbrs, promife that in Cafe the King of Tavay, 
 fliould, at any time hereafter, take up Arms againft the King of 
 A'ja, and Pegu they will not on any Account give him the lead 
 Aid or AJfiJlance ; but on the contrary they do oblige themfelvcs 
 to p rot eft and defend the Kiig of Ava, and his Dominions and 
 SuhjeSls, to the utmoft of their Power. 
 
 In Witnefs whereof, I the Great King of Ava and Tegu, ?3cc^ 
 Allaim Prazv, have hereunto affixed my Royal Signet, this 28th 
 day of July 1757. 
 
 The King of Ava 
 & Pegus Royal 
 
 Signet. 
 
 130
 
 mRACKAN, 
 I 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 227 
 
 Extract of a Letter from Mr. William Turner, 
 dated Nagore, 7th July, 1761. 
 
 " T 
 
 jLN your laft you mention the Intention you have of going 
 to Arracan, I heartily wifli you fuccefs, and have here 
 inclofed a Lijl of what things will do, and the quantity ; 
 it is a very troublefome Place, but the Gains are very great ; 
 but the fum of money is fo fmall that you invert, that ac 
 the moft you can inveft in five or fix months, will be fix 
 or eight thoufand Rupees, unlefs there has not been a Ship 
 there this two or three years, in which cafe you will be able 
 to inveft as much more; the Port Charges will be 12 or 
 14 hundred Rupees, what I mean is the Cujlotm, or Duties 
 on Import and Export; if there is a great call for PFax, in 
 Calcutta, I would advife you to carry as much ready money 
 as you can, for then you'll get away from there the fooner^ 
 and will not be troubled to fell your goods at retail; for 
 there is not a Man there, that can take 500 Rupees of things 
 at once, without truft, and that you muft never do, not evea 
 the Great men ; for by trufting them I have been detained 
 two or three Months for my Money, you may venture to- 
 rruft the King, as you can cut otf fo much of his Dutys ; 
 don't let your Invoice of thefe things exceed 4000 Rupees, 
 let the reft be in ready Cafli ; as your Rupees that you carry 
 there, will be all nezv coined by the King, it will be beft to 
 to carry Arcot Rupees, as they weigh the fame as Sicca, at 
 leaft the difference is only 2 f Cent by this you will ikve 
 7 or 8 ^ Cent on 6 or 7 thoufand Rupees; this is all 
 that, I can think at prefent, will be of any fervice." 
 
 Cowrys,
 
 taS ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Cowreys, 400 R" (Maldivia, If you can get them.) 
 Iron, 40 Maund. 
 Steel, 25 Maund. 
 Hartall, 3 Maund (China.) 
 Sindure, i Maund. 
 Singerrys, i Maund. 
 China Cups, looo (in the Moors tafte.^ 
 D? Dilhes, 200 D? D? 
 
 Mufk, one Sear. 
 Opium, 5 Sear or 10 Scar. 
 
 Ilinglafs, 5 Scar (large pieces, fuch as you put in Windows. 
 Painted Cullemcurrys, 40 Pieces (from the Coaft.) 
 Raw Silk, i Maund. 
 Muga Silk, 4 Maund. 
 Hing, I Maund. 
 
 Corral, 1000 BJ- worth (large and good) the long fort will do. 
 Lead, 5 or 6 Maunds. 
 
 If Salt Is cheap in Calcutta, take In 2 or 3 hundred Maunds 
 by way of Ballaft. 
 
 ARRACKAN, 
 
 I 
 
 Some
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 229 
 
 Age and Conftitutlon. 
 
 fire and Figure, 
 
 Faniil/, 
 
 Jlfpofuion. 
 
 *olicy, 
 
 USCELL/INEOUS. 
 
 39 
 
 Some Particulars relative to Tippo Sultaun, 
 
 His Reveiiiies, Ejlahlifloment of Troops, tzc. &c. 
 Taken from the Information of one of 7/);/;o'j Officers. * 
 
 MaJras, ift Decern. 1790. 
 He is about 43 Years of Age, his Conftitution is much 
 impaired, he is fubjcdl to two diforders ; the frequent returns 
 of which, obliges him to take Medicine daily. 
 
 He is from five feet eight to nine Inches high, Is no\T 
 rather inclining to Fat, although a few Years fince, he was 
 very thin ; his face is round, with large full Eyes, and there is 
 much Animation and Fire in his Countenance ; he wears 
 Whilkcrs, but no Beard ; he is very Adlivc, and fometimes 
 takes long Walks. 
 
 He has Eleven Children, of whom only two are in marriage ; 
 the Elder, a Girl of 7 Years, the Younger, a Boy of -4 Years. 
 The Eldeft of his natural Children, is a Girl of i 7 Years, the 
 Second, a Son of 15 Years, he is a great favourite,, and accom- 
 panies his Father upon all occafions, his name is Giillautn Heyder: 
 Another Son, Abdul Kb aiiluk, is 10 years old. 
 
 His difpofition is naturally Cruel, his Temper is paffionate, 
 and Revengeful ; and he is prone to be abufive, and his words 
 are falfe and hypocritical, as fuit his purpofes. 
 
 His Policy thus far differing widely from his Father, has 
 been ruinous to his Revenues, as well as hurtful to his Govern- 
 ment. He profeffes \nmk\i Naib to one of the tvelve Prophets, 
 who, the Mahomedans believe, are 3'et to come; and he per- 
 
 O o o fecutcs 
 
 * Seme Allowance mrfl be made for cilontent, in \vh;it is reported 
 unfwvourabh ot Tippo i but imicli of this Character cariiiot be fufpectcd tqi 
 be inirrcprelemed. jSJ)
 
 230 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 feciites all other Cafts, forcing numbers to become Muflelmcn. 
 He is jealous of, and prejudiced againft, his Father's favourites; 
 moft of whom he has removed from their OfEces ; giving to 
 fome leflcr Appointments : When compared to his Father, his 
 Underftanding and Judgment is fuppofed to be inferior, he 
 is efteemed, as good a Soldier, but a Icfs fkilful General, and 
 he is wanting in that great refource, which his Father fo 
 eminently difplayed in all cafes of Danger. His Father difcri- 
 minated Merit, rewarded it liberally, and puniflied Guilt with 
 the utmofi: rigour of a Dcfiiot ; he gives little encouragement, 
 or reward, and he punillies, more from the influence of Padion 
 and Prejudice, than from any Attention to Juftice ; his Father 
 was afllduous in gaining the Attachment of his Army, he is 
 rather negligent of it, and being very parfimonious, he is led to 
 impofe upon his Troops, whenever opportunitys offer; he 
 fometimes retains their Pay, for feveral Months, and has his 
 own Soucars to lend his Money at an enormous Interell, which 
 is flopped when the Pay is iffued. 
 
 His Peifonal Property, on 
 his father's Death. 
 
 IIISCEI.LJNEOUS. 
 40 
 
 On Tippo's return to Serlngapatam, after the Conclufion of the 
 War with the Englifli, he took an Inventory of his Property, 
 of every kind, which, in Treafure and various other Articles, 
 on valuation flood at 20 Crores of Pagodas. * In the Treafury, 
 Bahaudry Pagodas, 4 Rupees each, 5 Crores; the remaining 15 
 Croirs was in Jewels, valuable Clothes, &c. &c. &c. and in 
 Elephants ...... 700 
 
 Camels ....... 6,000 
 
 Horfes . . . . . . 11,000 
 
 Bullocks and Cows .... 400,000 
 
 Buffaloes ..... 100,000 
 
 Sheep ...... 600,000 
 
 Firelocks 300,000 
 
 Matchlocks 
 ' * It is Icaicely uecclLry to fay 109,000 is a Lack and 100 Lacks a Crore. ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTOR 
 
 Y. 
 
 231 
 
 Matchlocks . . . . • 
 
 Svvoids and Crcfles 
 
 Guns in Seringaparam, of dificient Calibres, 
 
 a few of which are Malabar, 
 Guns in other Forts • . . . 
 
 300,000. 
 
 ZOOjOOO 
 
 1,000 
 
 The Treafure, and other valuable property, is now kept en- 
 tirely at Sewigiipatam ; formerly fome part of it was kept 
 in Biddinore, and it isfaid, that at the time of General Mathra'ss 
 taking it, there was a Treafure of 25 Lacks of Pugodas, beuucs 
 4 Crcrcs of Pagodas value, in Gold, Silver, Sec. &;c. &c. 
 
 erenues, on his 
 er's Death, and 
 h were laifcd to 
 /imouiir, about 5 
 g betore. 
 
 SCELLANEOUS. 
 41 
 
 The full colledlions amounted to five Crorcs and Ni>.ety-tiv9 
 Lacks of Cunteiiry Pagodas, of three Rupees each, the ex pence 
 ot Sebundy, &c. one and a half Crore ; Deficiencies in the 
 CoUedions, from various Caufes, which lay over, 60 Lacks ; for 
 Building and repairing Forts, making Docks, and Building 
 Ships, One Crore Eighty-two Lacks ; paid into the Treafury, Two 
 Crorcs— ToiaX 5 Crcrcs 92 Lacks. Since Tippo afTumcd the 
 Government, the Revenues have diminifhed greatly, in Con- 
 fequence of his having adopted a different policy, from his 
 Father; he removed from the Hamauldar'ies, all the Bramins, 
 and others of the Hindoo Caft, who were well verfed in Country 
 bufinefs, and put Muirelmen in their places; he forbid the Sale 
 of Arrack and Gjuija throughout his Dominions, which had 
 produced a very Confiderable Revenue to the Circar. He 
 removed from the Biddinvc and Soanda Countrys, ab^ut Seventy 
 Thoufand Chrifiian Lihduifants, who were the Cultivators of the 
 Ground, by which tlie Revenues of thefe Countrys, fuftained a 
 Confiderable lois. 1 he Biddinore Country alone yielded to 
 Hcyder a oett Revenue of 18 Lacks of Pagodas, it has fince 
 fallen to loLatks: from thefe, and other Caufes, arifing from 
 bad Management, Tippo's Revenues have been greatly dimi- 
 niflicd ; inlbaiuck that his nett Revenue did not exceed, afier 
 
 the
 
 231 ORIENTAL REPErsTORY. 
 
 the foregoing dcdudtions, the firft Year, One and a half dor.', 
 inflcad of tzvo, as in his Father's time, and every fuccecding 
 Year only One Crcre. He has not thrown any Money into the 
 Jtam!lng Treajury, fince his Government, and he has drawn from 
 it Fifty Lacks of Pagodas. 
 
 Provlfions throivn into the Since the Conchifion of the late War, he has thrown into 
 Forts .na the appomt- Seritmpatam, Provifions for ioo,oco Men for 12 Months; 
 and into Bangalore, Proviiions for 12,000 Mentor 12 Months; 
 and into his other Torts, Provifions in Proportion to their 
 ftrength and importance : and, as a precaution to prevent 
 Treachery, he has appointed to fome of his principal Foris, 
 fix Killedars, to others three ; to others tu-o ; and fuch as are 
 not intended for defence have only one. Akhough all thefe 
 are commonly called Killedars, yet, properly fpeaking, there is 
 but one KiUedar, the others go under the denomination of 
 Mv.nfixur (or Coinuelkrs). Tiie ift is Buckjky, or Commander 
 of the Scpnyi, the 2d, B/tikJly of the Peons, the 3d, Buck/toy of 
 the Comir.attys and Arlijiccrs, the 4th Darogha, in charge of the 
 Works, the ^th Darogha, for fuperintending the making of 
 Bricks and Chunan. When Tippo writes he addrefies the KULdar 
 and Mu:'(imrautt, when they write to*him it is in like mtinner 
 fioai the KiUedar and Minijkuri-u/i, they have all their refpedHve 
 orders from the Circar, and each is at liberty to detedt the other, 
 if any thing is done contrary to order. 
 
 The EJlablifinient of his Forces. 
 
 Tlic F.lliblinimcnt of hU Cavalry. 
 
 i'orccSa 
 
 FTis own Stable, Florfe for Service . . . 70C0 
 Hired Horle 12000 
 
 » IQ.OOO 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. ^' 
 
 ^2 Artillkry.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Artillery. 
 
 133 
 
 Goullandauze 
 
 Lafcars for the Guns . . » . 
 
 European Artillery, 2 Companys 
 
 Infantry. 
 
 Affadoulla, or Chelys, from the Carnatic 
 Ditto, from Chittledurg. 
 Ahmuddy, or Chriftians from Biddinore 
 Mahomedy, or Chelys, from Coerg 
 Difmounted Troopers .... 
 Sepoys 
 
 Fighting Peons 
 
 Rocket Men 
 
 2000 
 8000 
 
 10,000 
 
 • 3^ 
 
 2,500 
 500 
 
 1,500 
 . 1,500 
 . 8,000 
 . 55,000 
 
 . 40,000 
 5,000 
 
 69,000 
 
 45,000 
 
 Commattys . . ~. . . . 10,000 
 
 Peons for carrying Dooleys, &c. and working at 
 
 the roads with the Commattys . . 60,000 
 
 2 Riffallas of Topaffes, one of them having a 
 Company of Europeans, attached to it, of 
 100 flrong 
 
 Lally's Party. 
 
 European Cavalry, i Troop . . ; 
 
 Ditto, Infantry intermixed with Country born 
 Topalll's ....... 
 
 Sepoys ....... 
 
 With the Party i fix Pounder. 
 
 70,000 
 
 900 
 
 50 
 180 
 150 
 
 250 
 
 630 
 
 ■ELLANEOUS. Tippo has made great Alterations in the Eflablifliment of 
 
 his Troops ; his Father was partial to his Cavalry, and kept 
 
 ppp up 
 
 43
 
 234 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 lip a much larger body than he does, he is partial to his 
 Infaniiy, and has made great Augmentations to them ; 5000 
 of his own Stable Horfe, are formed and trained regularly, and 
 2000 are as f^Iogul Horfe ; and there are not above three Thoujand 
 of the hired Horfe, that can be called good Cavalry, the reft 
 are more of the plundering kind ; he has adopted Perftan terms 
 for the words of Command, which were heretofore given partly 
 in Englip, partly in French; he has alfo altered the terms for the 
 formation of the Troops. In tlie Cavalry a troop (of 95 ftrong) 
 is called a Tezvs ; the Sitbahdar, a 7'ewsdar ; a Je-midar, Surkele ; 
 a Regiment (of 4 I'eivs) is called a Tub ; the Commandant, 
 Tubdar ; a Mowkoub is compofcd of 4 Tubs, the Commander, 
 Mowkoubdar; the Troopers are called Ofsknr. In the Infantry, 
 a Company (of 125 ftrong) is called a Jowk; the Subabdar, 
 Jowkdar; a Jemidar, Surkele; a Batallion of 4 Jowks is 
 called a Rijfalla; the Sepoys are called Jifl:;. A Centinel is 
 called Eziiddar ; the Rounds, Kirwaun ; the Parole, Niflmne ; 
 a Guard, Muiikulla; each Tub has two Galloper-Guns, 3 Pounders, 
 and each Riffalla has two 6 Pounders. A Kouflooun^ or Legion, 
 is compofed of one Tub of Cavalry, 4 Rijfallas of Infantry, and 
 two Eighteen Pounders : the Cavalry Gallopers are drawn by 
 Mules, and all the Draught Cattle belong to the Circar. 
 Each KouflMun has an Elephant attached to it, which is harnefled 
 like a Horfe, to aflift the Guns through difficulties. The Cavalry 
 and Infantry are cloathed alike, in a ftriped Blue and White 
 Cotton Stuff, of Country Manufadure : The Artillery have alfo 
 a Cotton Stuff, white ground with large round blue Spots. 
 
 Tlie manner of his paffing He rifcs fomctimes at Seven o'Clock, but more commonly 
 
 his Time in Camp. ^j. Eight, or nine in the Morning; on halting Days, waQies 
 
 and takes Medicine, the Barber then begins to fliave him, 
 
 during which the Head Aukbar Neoife, or News writer, comes 
 
 in with the Letters, that have arrived by the Tappauls, and 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS, j-gi^tcs the Nezfs of the different Countrys, as he has received it. 
 
 ^, The OHicer, commanding his Guard, then comes in, and makes 
 
 his
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 235 
 
 his report, after which the Adjutants of Corps, come and 
 make a report of their rcfpeftive Corps. About iz o'Clock he 
 goes to Dinner, which is over in about an hour, he then holds 
 his Durbar, and tranfadls all bofinefs. Civil and Military, until 
 5 o'clock, he then gives out the Parole, w hich he takes from 
 the Planeis, or Sigm of the Zodiac, writing it himfelf in a Book^ 
 which is depofitcd wiih his own Guard; where the Adjutant- 
 Generals (for each Cutchrie has an Adjutant-General) come 
 and take it, after which he lays down, and fleeps about an 
 Hour, rifes and makes his fecond Meal; the Mounchys, or 
 Secretarys, are then called in, they read the Letters, that have 
 been received during the day, and he gives his orders for 
 anfwering them ; all this done, and the Letters prepared for 
 difpatch, about two or three in the Morning he goes to reft. 
 On marching days where there is no immediate Exigency, the 
 Army feldom moves before Eight o'Clock, after Tippo has 
 taken his Breakfaft ; he goes in his Palanquin, on the March, 
 and if any thing particular occurs, he immediately mounts his 
 Horfe ; the order of March is varied according to Circumftances, 
 during his late War againft the Mahrattas, as they were greatly 
 fuperior to him in Cavalry, his Infantry marched in four Columns 
 
 thus 
 
 with the Cavalry and Baggage in the Center, he 
 
 encamps in a Square ; his Infantry and Guns occupying the four 
 faces, the Cavalry within the Square ; each face has an open freet, 
 in its Center with a Buzzar. A Kouflooun forms the Ticquet of 
 the front face, and is advanced from tivelve to fifteen hundred 
 "Paces, a Rijfalla is advanced from it, about five hundred Paces ; 
 each of the other faces has a Riffalhi, advanced from it 
 about five Hundred paces^ and on the March all thefe Picquets 
 form the advance and Rear Guards, and flanking Guards to the 
 Columns. The Infantry are difencumbcred of their bago-atre on the 
 45 March, Bullccks being allowed by the Circar for carrying it. 
 
 The 
 
 )CELLANEOUS.
 
 236 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Army marches, in common, about 4 Cejs Stillany ; * in 
 expedition the whole Army marches about 6 or 7 Cofs Sultany, 
 but a Body of HotJ} only, in order to make a Pufli, have gone, 
 in little more than a Day and a Night, a very Confiderable 
 diftancc : During the late War in the Carnatic, Heyder marched, 
 with a body of Horfe, from Omnblx, near Tritckimpoly, to 
 Ciyilitfiibrum in 27 Hours; he moved off at 3 o'Clock in the 
 Morning, and at 7 o'Clock the next Morning, he reached 
 Ch'ilitnibrum, a diftance of about 7 Gow, or 28 Cofs, equal to 
 70 Miles ; the third day, his Infantrv and Guns came up : At 
 tlie Commencement of Tippo's late War, againft the Mahrattas, 
 he lay with his Army at Pcroiir, in the Riadurg Countryy 
 marching at 3 o'Clock in the Morning, he arrived, at 7 o'Clock 
 tiie next Morning, at Kuiubungood, near to Adoni, and attacked 
 a body of 4,000 Mahratta Plunderers. 
 
 Harcnrrahs, and 
 IntcUgcncc. 
 
 He keeps in his pay 300 Harcarrahs, at 3 Pagodas a Month 
 each, fuch as prove themfclvcs moft Adtive, and Clever, are 
 employed for Intelligence ; befides thefe, he ftations News IVriters 
 in fuch principal places as he thinks neceffary, and thefe are 
 inflriK^cd to write in the ftile of Smiairs, and the Intelligence 
 required is made applicable to the Coins, &c. treated of, fo 
 that if a Letter is intercepted, no dilcovery is made, fhoukl 
 there be any thing that cannot be fo introduced, it is given 
 verbally to the bearer of the Letter. Tippo feldom rewards 
 with prefents, and when he does, they arc very trifling, perhaps 
 not more than 5 Rupees. 
 
 "Nair 
 
 MISCELLJNEO US. 
 46 
 
 * The Su!ta::_y Col's has been clLiUiiflicJ by Tippo, and the printipal 
 roaJs Cirough his Dominions have three Trees, of piirticular kinds, phantcd 
 on one hde to mark the Cofs. The Carnatic Cofs is about i\ Miles ; the 
 Cunteary, or the old Al^fore Cofs, Is about 3 Miles ; the Sultany Cofs ii 
 about 4 Miles.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 2|7 
 
 Nair Princes, of Confequence, on the Malabar Coast, 
 who, it is fuppofed, would be happy to embrace the 
 firft Opportunity of Ading againft Tippo, who has 
 perfecuted them with great Crueky. 
 
 Gallic L'T. 
 ZaMORIN, or head Rajah of the Nair Tribes, his 
 Name KiJInm-tnmby-raun ; Sometimes, he takes fhclter in the 
 Travaucore Country, at other times, he returns to his own 
 Country, amongft the Hil/s ; his people adhere to him, and 
 only want fupport to replace him in his Government ; the 
 whole body of Nairs are greatly attached to the Zamorin. 
 Family. 
 
 CoTANGURRY, about 6 Cofs Cunteary from Tellicherry, 
 and about NE. 
 
 Ram Raja, He took Cowl from the Chief of Tellicherry, 
 after the Defeat of Sirdar Cawn, and refided in his Country. 
 When Tippo came into that Neighbourhood, he was obli<Ted 
 to take fhelter at Tellicherry, but in confequence of the Peace, 
 he was told he could not be protected ; he therefore made 
 his Submiffion to Tippo, and was reinflated ; but when Tippo 
 began his perfecution of the Nairs, he took the Alarm 
 and fled. 
 
 Chercull, or Cheriau, as in the Maps. * 
 
 IForizcorum Raiye, He likewife took Cowl, after the Defeat 
 of Sirdar Caivn, and refided in his Country ; he was afterwards 
 obliged to take flielter in Tellicherry ; was again reinflated 
 by Tippj, but as he was jealous of him, and his Brother, 
 he attempted to take them Prifoners, in which the Raja was 
 ELLANEOUS. killed and the Brother made his efcape. 
 
 Q^ q q CuRRUTNAUR. 
 
 47 
 
 In Major Rennell's Map, Chcrua, J2)
 
 238 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 CuRRUTNAUR, about 7 Cofs Cunteary, SE from TeWcherry. 
 
 Keelaun-tumby-rawt, He alfo took Cowl, after the Defeat 
 of SirJar Cawn, and refided in his Country ; he was, in 
 confcquence of Tippos near approach, obliged to take fhelter 
 at telll. berry ; was again reinftated by Tippo, but in the 
 attempt made againft Werwcrum Ruiye, he took the alarm 
 and fled. 
 
 KouMBUL, Mtirynuefttr, between Cananore and Mangalore. 
 
 M unon^^ole, He has been ever at variance with Tippo, has 
 taken flielter amongft the Hills, he is efteemed a very good 
 Soldier; and often returns, and fights for the recovery of 
 his Country. 
 
 Mauplys. 
 
 Goorcull Mauply, A Principal Chief of that Tribe, refides 
 in the Calliait Country, amongft the fFoods ; is a great Enemy 
 of Tippo" s, and can raife Six or Seven Thoufand Alaitplysi 
 and would readily join the Zamorin. 
 
 Ante Bawauchie Mauply, Another Principal Chief, who alfb 
 refides in the Callicut Country, can raife Three or Four 
 Thoufand Maaplys, is likewife a great Enemy of Tippo's ; and 
 would readily join the Zamorin. 
 
 There are three Pajfcs leading from TeUicherry, into the 
 Coorg Country; That upon the right, is called the Munttinna 
 Pafs : Heycler went through it, Eighteen or Nineteen Years ago, 
 with his Army, as far as Cetan Gurry ; as did Tippo^ with a 
 divifion of his Army, about four Years ago ; That, in the 
 Center, is called the Naiill Nazvr Pafs ; That, on the left, ii 
 called the Tel Cavery. 
 
 i'lISCELL^NEOUS, Detachments of Tippo's Troops have gone through the two 
 
 latter Pafles, but that of Muntumta is by far the beft. 
 
 Journal 
 
 48
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 *3> 
 
 Journal of a Route from Tellicherry to Serhigapatam by the 
 
 Muntunna Pafs. 
 
 Cotangurry 6 Cofs Cunteary. 
 
 Muntunna 6 Ditto, lyes about 2 Cofs from the Pafs, 
 
 which takes its name from it. 
 Curryutnaur 5 Cofs Cunteary, through the Pafs, and arriving 
 
 in the Coorg Country. 
 Cundingurry 4 ditto. From hence another road leads to 
 
 Zefyrabad, a Strong Brick Fort ereded 
 
 by Heyder. 
 Siddapoor 6 Ditto. 
 
 Periapatnam 6 Ditto. A Stone Fort of no ftrength, the 
 
 ditch dry, and no Glacis, it is Situate on 
 
 a Plain, about 3 Cofs from the Coorg, 
 
 Woods. 
 
 :eiljneous. 
 49 
 
 Cuttemulwapilly 
 
 4 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Chickhollie 
 
 4 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Paulhilly 
 
 6 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Seringapatam 
 
 I 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Another 
 
 Road leading 
 
 from 
 
 Lirryutnaur. 
 
 Bepounaur 
 
 3 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Corunderbauny 
 
 5 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Chindun Cotah 
 
 6 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 Periapatam 
 
 6 
 
 Ditto. 
 
 
 
 TheCooRG Country is very woody, abounding in Sandal, Yeak, 
 large fruit Trees and Bamboos; no Thorn or Brufhwood. Its 
 Cultivation is entirely Pahly, of which, it is fuppofed, there is 
 no great quantity, owing to the want of Inhabitants. 
 
 The
 
 £49 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The BuL Country borders the Coorg, on the North, 
 and is highly Cultivated with PaJdy ; it has alfo Qi^iantities 
 of Cattle, but few Sheep ; it is not fo "ucody as the Coorg 
 Country. Tippj expelled the Raja, after the Peace with the 
 Englifh, and built a Brick Fort, on the top of a finall Hill, 
 called Munzurabad. 
 
 The Biddinore Country, borders the Bul Country on 
 the North, and there is an eafy communication between the 
 three Countrys. 
 
 Tippo draws large fupplies of Rice from the Bul and the 
 Biddinore Countrys; as well as from fome Diftriifts, that 
 border thefe Countrys, to the Eaftward ; they have two Crops, 
 the one in November, the other in Jpril. 
 
 The Route from Tellichcrry to Seringapatam, through the Cttiote 
 Country, 1775. From another MS. 
 Is in the Dry Scii/on two Days March for Infantry, but im- 
 paffable to Cannon; one days march for Cavalry. There are 
 two Places where they are fure of Forage, Cotate and Pa!a, 
 there are three Rivers, all paflable ih the dry Seafon, and at 
 worft can be overlaid with 5 Pontoons. Sera is the Pafs of 
 the Gots, This is about two Cofs, very Steep, and lb narrow, 
 but only two Men can walk abreaft, and but one ride. 
 This Place muft be furprized. The Country above the Got/s 
 is Corga, this Country is full of Defiles and Woods, for two 
 Days March for Inflintry, and one for Cavalry. No place for 
 Forage, till You get to Periapafam. From Periapatam to Patam, 
 the Road is broad, without a Tingle Rher ; full of Places to 
 Forage, but one days March for Cavalry, two for Infantry. 
 Cotate Fort may be taken by School Boys, Pera^atam Fort is 
 MISCELLAXEOIS. ^^^ tenable, Catahhul -uwee is not worth Attention. 
 
 50 /'?V=r\ 
 
 Some
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 241 
 
 Some Account of Cochin China, 
 By Mr. Robert Kir/op, who was there In the Year, 1750. 
 
 Cochin-China, c<i\\eA,hy thtChinefezndi Natives, Aynam, 
 including Champa, and the Southern Province, now fubjeft 
 to It, lyes in Latitude from 10? 50'N to 17? 40' N. The 
 OTi\y Port of Trade, is Faifoe, in Lat. 16? N, ^ fituated about 
 10 miles from the Sea, on a River, navigable, formerly for 
 the largefi Junks, but now only for Veflels of about So Tons ; 
 the Junks lye about a league from the toivn, in another 
 River, that communicates with the former, where Veflels of 
 180 or 200 Tons may very eafily enter. Before (hz^e Rivers ^ 
 about 3 leagues from the Main (which is low) lye the IJlands 
 of Champello, in Lat. 16? 8'N; wirhin the larged: JJlancl, 
 you have good cf^ ground, a mile or 2 from the flioar, 
 when the body bears from NE to ENE, where you ought to 
 4-^, till permiflion is had to trade, and, if your Veflel is 
 fmall enough, to enter the River. To the NWeftward of 
 Champello is a very high land, on the Main, which appears 
 like an IJland, round which, is the Bay of Tourou, capable to 
 receive the largeft Ships, where the Macao Ship lyes, or any 
 large Junk, that draws too much water to enter into Faifce 
 River ; but this is very inconvenient ; Boats being frequently 
 a week in making one "trip, on board, from Faifoe. ^ 
 
 At 
 
 * There is a part dcf;iccd, fo th:it it does not appear whether the Latitude 
 be ftated as i6? precilely, but this is of no confcuucnce, as the Latitudes are 
 not exall. Jg) 
 
 ' An Englifli MS, fays " At Toiiron you o)-^ in fight of a Toivn about 
 " SW, where there is a River, that communicates, by a Canal, (cleared 
 'rjTl\'mj " y^'"'/ '"'' ^^'^ K'ng's Tributes to pafs) with the River of Faifbe; aaJ 
 
 " through which your Boats may pafs." ^ 
 
 31 ^"'■^
 
 24a ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 At your arrival, Officers arc fent on board, 'tilLyoii have the 
 King's Chop, and the charge of your entrance agreed on, which 
 is according to the fize of your VefTei, or your Stock on board; 
 of which they will require an Account. There is a pcrfon at 
 Faifoe, in an Office fomething like that of Sbabandei; that will 
 affift you, in your entrance; to whom it will be ncceflary to 
 make a fmall prefcnt; though I believe you will not be able 
 tofinhh this bufincfs, till you are on the fpot where it is tranf- 
 adted, which is always at IFbey, where the King refides, two 
 days journey from Faifoe; for which place it will be beft to 
 pufli as foon as poffible, where you'll aft with more certainty, 
 and not rifque the being deceived by any inferior Officer, that 
 may pretend to have It in his power to ferve you. ^ At Court 
 the only Mandarine, that has power to dlfpatch you is Ung 
 chee mo; whom the King entrufts, and conllilts in every material 
 cafe, relating to Commerce, and whom you mud be fure to 
 make your friend; He is a man of a very great Charader, and 
 was In being in the year 1750. What dealings in Trade you have 
 with the King, will be tranfacted by the fccond Eunuch, who is his 
 Cafhier without: the Palace, to whom feme fmall prefent will be 
 neceflary : The Macao SI:ip of about 500 Tons, pays yearly 3000 
 Quans (befidcs prefcnts to the King's Officers) and has all duties 
 
 taken 
 
 * Englifli MS. " It is not much material vvhetlicryou fee the King or no, if 
 " you can get your bufinefs done without it ; for it will coll you a great 
 " deal in prefents to have an audience with him : You muft apply firft to 
 " Maiidannc U//g Kay An, who has the direftion of all mercantile Affairs, 
 " his Office being like that of a Shnba/tikr, and your audience with the 
 " King will be needlefs, if you have not firft made way to him with hand- 
 " fome Prefcnts. The French, in 1749, carrying every thing with a high 
 " hand, took little notice of this Mandarine, because they had had audiences 
 " with the King ; and the King, who thinks himfelf above fettling affairs 
 CoCHIK-CIlINJ. " relating to Trade, referred every thing to him, and He was greatly the 
 «' occafion of the French's Mifcarriage ; and it was by his inftigatlon th;it 
 «2 «» the Miflionarys were that year all baniQied." J§)
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 243 
 
 taken off, which is, by the laws of the Country, 12 ^ Cent 
 on all Goods imported ; but that is always excufed for a fum of 
 money, agreed on at your fiift entrance; * and, while you are 
 there, you may agree to your liking for a Ship, of any Burthen, 
 to come another year: The Ckinefe always have a pals for each, 
 of their "Junks, and pay from i to 2000 Quans yearly. 
 
 The greateft difficulty liere, is (as probably you are not 
 acquainted with their Language) the tranfadling all your Affairs 
 through the means of a Linguijl, who is always with you, and 
 lives in your houfe; they generally are paid 2 or 300 Quans a 
 feafon, ^ befidcs perquifites, which will be difficult to hinder 
 them of; There are only ihree profeffed ones, ^ Miguel, Gregorio, 
 
 and 
 
 * A Spanifli MS, in Mr. Kb/op's writing, fays " which, according to 
 •" the information I have received, will be 2000 Coans, little more or 
 *' Icf;, for a Vcffcl like Gafpar's [of about ;oo Tons.'] with a Cargo of 
 " 60, or 70,000 Dollais." 'J he Engllfli MS fays " The Dutyi on every 
 " thing inijortcd is 12 3p' Cent, but you mult make a Report of what 
 " Goods you have got, and agree to pay a certain Sum, every time that the 
 " Veflel comes there, the Portugucfe pay yearly for rheir Ships 300 ^latrs, 
 *' [1' JO°o •'] and the Chinefe pay about 1500 or 2000 according to the 
 " fize of their Junks, which fum is always fpecified in the Chop that you 
 " have granted you." 
 
 '■ The Eiiglifh MS fays " the common pay is loo ^tans or more ac- 
 «' cording to your Stock, and you muft allow, though wink at, the taking 
 " perquifites." The Spa-.iifli MS fays " 200 or 2^0 Coans, but it will be 
 *' a great advantage to carry a ^Tejizo who tilks the Ansoy Language, for 
 ♦' i'.lmoft i-.ll the ^.'anilarincs and Merchants undcrftand it." 
 
 ' The Engiifli MS fays " the only capable one, is Gregorio, who ferves 
 «' the I'ortuguefe, this Man will do your bufinefs and you may truft your 
 " affairs to h:m ; but he is the only Sharper, that can, and will, cheat 
 " you without your knowledge ; Thomas., a young fellow, who was on the 
 " Coajl of Choremaiidd with M. Frial, he is idle and given to liquor, but 
 " ni:;y be eafily managed, and is fliarp and has a great deal of alFurance : 
 OCIIJN-CHlNJ. " ^I-^'iiko, who only dcfcrvcs employment when the other two are not to be 
 •* had, they all fpeak Poitugucfc. And there is one more, iMonf, Pav!, 
 33 ♦« who fpeaks French." J2)
 
 
 24+ ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 and Thowas', Miguel, who ferved the French, and the mofl: 
 capable and intelligent fellow, was, with Thomas, when young 
 carried by Monfieur Friel to Pondicherry, and there made Chrljlians 
 and taught to fpeak Portuguefe ; Gregorio ferves the Macao people. 
 If thefe three are employed, there are hvo more that may make 
 a fliift to ferve you, Manico, and Monfieur Paulo ; they all 
 fpeak the Portuguefe Language, except Paulo who profefles the 
 French ; if on your arrival at Faifoe you are greatly at a lofs 
 for want of one, till you go to Court, you will likely find 
 fomebody that may do for 2 or 3 days about the Portuguefe 
 hotife, who generally at all times of the year have people at 
 Faifoe ; if not, it will be then proper to make application to 
 the Govet-ning Mandarine, there to fend for one of the above- 
 mentioned from Court, 'Tis a very nice and material, point to keep 
 him in yourintereft; for on that your fuccefs greatly depends; 
 but whoever aims at having an eafy and fmooth fuccefsful Trade, 
 with the Cockin-Chinefe, muft as foon as poffible begin to learn 
 their language, which may be cafily attained; though the Chinefe 
 CharaBers are ufed, to exprefs the fame meaning and things, 
 yet xht fpeech is quite different, and of a much eafier and plainer 
 expreffion. 
 
 The Chinefe have the greatefl: fhare of the Trade of 
 Cochix-Chjna, (carrying there Toolhcnague, ^ China IVare, 
 
 Tea, 
 
 * The Englifli MS " There is nothing better, or fcarce any thing cl e 
 " that will do, to carry to Cochin-China but Toothr.tagve^ which the King 
 " ahv.nys ergrolfcs to himfelf, commonly at m^ ^ansi^ Pecul: You will 
 " find in what Ttothtnaguc you fell the King, you will have 3 ^' Cent. 
 <' lofs in the weight. If a Ship goes from India the latter end oi /Jpril, it 
 •' will be fafeft to carry Toothenaguc, if it can be bought fo cheap, that you 
 " can have yourov\n Money for it, as you have the advantage of receiving 
 COCHIX-CHINA. „ ^^^^ Q^jy jj.^j^ jjjg Y^mg : But, if Gold is lAar, you will lofe nothing 
 
 by 
 34
 
 '♦ 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 245 
 
 1'ea, and great quantities of Medicinal Roots and Herhi) and 
 the little that has been had, from any part of India, makes 
 it not very certain what Commodities would anfwer for that 
 Port; Tin will fell, from 22 to 25 Quans ■^ Pecu!, there 
 can be no lofs upon Dollars; Tooihenagu is all engroffed 
 by the King, at 13 and 14 Quans ^ Pecul : and Trials 
 may be made of Sandal Wood and Pepper; a' little Cw.lcry 
 will fell ; it will not require a great Stock to procure a Cargoe 
 cf Sugars, for a fmall Veflel, which will be mod proper 
 to fend at firft; the profit of the Returns will anfwer, if only 
 you fave yourfelves on the Stock there. A fort of Cap, 
 made of Toothenague , is the only Currency of the Country, 600 
 making a ^(an, is neareft in value to two Rupees, ^ and is 
 divided into 10 Mace, or Tean, of 60 Cajh each; the whole 
 ftrung up together, and divided by a knot, at each Mace: 
 What you receive from the King, are always good and new, '• 
 and may be paid away again, without any doubt of a deficiency; 
 but in )'our dealings with any body elfe, you are liable to receive 
 your CaJIj old and mixt ; which is very troublefome in laying 
 out again, befides a lofs of 4 or 5 ^ Cent. The King refines 
 
 and 
 
 " by carrjing Dollars, and felling them at your arrival t,> the Portugurje or 
 
 " Chine/e; who, not being able to invelt the returns of their Toothcnague 
 
 " ia Sugars, are obliged fometimes to carry Gold, at a great difadvantage : 
 
 " the greatcft part of your (lock ought to be in Dollars, or Toothenague^ 
 
 " for other Goods are not to be depended on at firft, 'lill they have been 
 
 " tried; unlcfi a little Cutlery, in low priced Spri>:g-Knii>es and Hiijars, 
 
 " which I am fure would fell well; a few piece goods, of various kind?, 
 
 " might be carried for a trial, and a 5/ai, or two, oi LcaJ." The Spanifli 
 
 MS. fays, " there will be no lofs on Co-ivries, Cochineal, Sulpi:ur, Balate 
 
 " (or Sea-Slug) and Blue-Dye (Tinra Azul) only to the amount of 5 or 
 
 ** 60CO Dollars for the firft Voyage." ^ 
 
 ' The Spanifli MS " 7 Riales (^ of a Dollar) at which rate, a little 
 
 H/VCTTrVA " '"""^^ or Icfs, the Dollar may be fold." J^ 
 
 •" EngliQi MS " and is bftter by 8 f-^ Cer.t. than the old, which you 
 
 ^ " will be furc to receive, if you trade with any body elfe but the King. 
 
 :>5 e ■ 
 
 OSS
 
 246 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 and runs all his Silver into Bars of 10 Tale weight, with which he 
 fometimes pays his Soldiers, at 20 ®nans each, but they never 
 pafs current, being fold at 16 or 17 ^'ans: Silver is very 
 little ufed otherwife than in ornamenting their Jrws. 
 
 The Weights are exaflly the fame as in China, and they ufe 
 Dodgins after the fame manner ; only, for Sugars they have them 
 one half larger than for any other Commodity ; fo that you have 
 150 common Cbifia Cattys, or 200 lbs, to each 100 Cattys or 
 Pecul of Sugar; though the moft of the Chinefe have them 10 
 Cattys larger^ making the Pcad of Sugar 160 common China 
 Cattys. * 
 
 The befl Commodity the Country produces, for a Gargoe, is 
 Sugar; the fined Sugar Candy is generally fold for 5^ 2^^ to 4Q- 5'^ 
 ^ Pecid; ^ fine -white Towder, from 4 ^lans to 3 ^lans 5 Mace, 
 a middling fort, like that of Manila, about 3 ^taus, and the brown 
 Powder, from 2 ^.ans 6 Mace to 2 j^«^//j. They bring it down 
 for fale in the Months of June, July and Auguft ; but the greateft 
 quantity in the latter end of July; "= when the Chinefe are bufy 
 
 buying 
 
 • The Enslifli MS " The Weights, in Cochin China, are, by the 
 " Eftablifhmcnt of the Country, the fame as in China ; only Dottghis made 
 •' on purpofc for Sugar, which you may have as large as you pleafe ; the 
 " People knowing it, will make their Price accordingly." ^ 
 
 " The Spanifli MS " 3. 6. to 4 Coaiis ^ Pecul of China." <^ 
 Englifli MS " Sugar Candy is generally bought for between 4 Quans 
 " 5 Mace and 5 Quans W' Pecul of 150 Catty, and white Powder Sugar 
 ♦' 3. 4. to 4 Quans, Middling Brown Sugar from 2 Quans and upwards 
 •' ^ Pecul." 
 
 ' The EngUQi MS *' It will be neceflary, in the latter end of July, at 
 «' farthcft, to get in your Money, for every thing the King has bought 
 " of you, &c. at Court, and to fend it to Faifoe, and go there yourfclf, for 
 *♦ about that time the Sugars are brought down out of the Country ; and 
 COCHIN-CHINA, " Auguft is the only Month wherein you can lave Sugars, plenty and cheap j 
 •' and may buy 30ur Cargoc as faft as you can get it weighed and 
 36 «' packed." j^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 247 
 
 buying it up, to fend to China ; The Porlugucfe FaBor^ that has 
 permiffion to ftay there, frequently buys in the latter end of 
 Auguft and September, after their Ship and all the Junks are 
 gone, confiderably cheaper than the prices abovementioned; the 
 Women will fometimes be fitting in the ftreets with fniall Samples, 
 but they come generally to the houfes of thofe that are confi- 
 derable buyers, and after the price is agreed, by this Sample, 
 they bring it all into your Yard ; and there, before it is weighed, 
 each Bafket is tried by a long Taper-bore, by which you eafily 
 deted any fraud; it is always in very unhandy Bafkets of 4 or 
 500 Weight each, ^ and each Parcel (which may be from 5 to 
 to 15 Bafkets) of a different fort ; for which reafon it is cuflo- 
 mary to ftart all your Sugars, and to mix well together what 
 comes neareft in quality, and at your own expence repack it 
 into fmaller BaflvCts. '' They have plenty of Silk, '^ which they 
 work in mofl Familys only for their own wear; though, if they 
 had otherways a demand for that Commodity, would foon 
 bring it to as great perfeflion as in Cii'ina. The Portuguef& 
 have caufed them to make fome of a dull Brown Jlripe, which 
 has anfwered to carry to Macao, and export again to feveral 
 parts of India, The Country produces great plenty of Iron-Ch-e, 
 of which they refine only what ferves themfelves ; ^ and likewife 
 GoU, which chiefly comes through the hands of the King, and 
 
 is 
 
 • The Englifh MS " It is cuftomary to allow for the Bafkets, 20 Cattys, 
 " unlefs you think they weigh more." J3) 
 
 * Engiifli MS " you may repack it into Bafkets of what fizc you pleafc, 
 " the who'e charges of repacking, fliifping, &c. not amounting to above 
 50 CaJJj ^ Pecul." J3) 
 
 ' Spanifli IMS " In 1750 Raixj Silk was fold at 200 Coa«s the Cbiiia Pecul: 
 HIN CHINA " ^^^''""i^-" ^''^ ^* cheap as in China." J3) 
 
 * Spanifh MS " Iron is in abundance, but the Exportation is prohibited, 
 37 ♦» as in CA/«(>.'* ^
 
 248 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 is run into fmall Barrs, or Ingots, of 10 Tile each; which, 
 having the King's (lamp, always pafl'es in China tor 94 Touch, 
 but fuch as have not, are not to be dependeu on, it was 
 fold formerly for 1 50 to 1 90 ^lans a Barr ; but lincc -/oo he- 
 nague Cafli has been (o much ufed, has rofe to 200 and 225 
 ^lam. They have a very fine fort of Aagalu-l'Food, but the 
 exportation is prohibited. * 
 
 What may be mofc acceptable as prefents ^ are fine 
 Broad-Cloths, curious Clocks and JVatches ; any curious AimSj 
 a PFcather Ghifs ; Injlriwients for AJironomical Obfir'uutions, 
 Spying Glajfes, Fine long Cloth, Morees or Cambrick, a handibme 
 fmall Sword, well bred Dogs, Canes, mod of which the King 
 himfelf recommended to have brought to him. 
 
 The 
 
 • The Spanifli MS " tliey have fMantas de Algodon, Mantequillas 
 " p*. Cobijas) Cotton Coverlits, and fmaller for Cloaks, the bcft at 2 
 " Coans." J2) 
 
 ^ Englifli MS " Prefents, which I think would be acceptable to the 
 " King, arc, a. p]ecc of Scarlet Clot/j, apiece oi fiac Long Cloth, a hanufome 
 ^'^ fmall S'-woni, fpying GtaJJes and C) Jione rings: He wants a Chaije With 
 " aharnefs and all his Tackling ; He alfo wants aCoat of Mail; two or three 
 " DogSy efpecially Hater-Dogs, and one that would fcich and carry. 
 
 " Prefents muft be made to U/;g Kay an, and to the Second Eunuch, 
 " which may be a piece of Hue Cloth, a piece of fine Morees, or a T-ivcczcr 
 " Ca/e and fome Rings; a handfomey^/f////;^- Bottle, with Spirits of Hartfliorn; 
 " it will be ncceffary to give a few prefents to the Shabandcr at Faifoe, who 
 " is commonly called Ung Treebo or U»g Chcino, but obferve never let your 
 " Generofity appear but to thofc with whom you have bufinefs, for there 
 " are fevcral Mandarines, who will very genteely promote acquaintance 
 LiOCnlN-LHlN at »« vvith you, and then continually plague you for prefents, who have it not 
 " in their power to fcrvc you," J2) 
 3S
 
 ORIEiNTAL REPERTORY. 249 
 
 The City where the King refides, is called, by the Chinefs 
 
 and Natives, I'Vhey, Lat. 16? 48' N, fituated about 25 miles 
 
 from the Sea, on a River, whofe mouth is NWbW from 
 
 Chawpello and lyes in Lat. i6?55'N, where they have a 
 
 great Trade, from Kancao, and all parts of their own Coafts, 
 
 by Veflels of 50 or 60 Tons, that eafily go up to the City ; 
 
 but the Bar is difficult, having on it only 4 foot at low 
 
 water ; The City is very extenfive, being populous and the 
 
 houfes ftragling; the feveral Branches of the River, that meet 
 
 here, make it very pleafant ; and the conveyance, from 
 
 one part to another, moftly by water; for which purpofe, 
 
 every fubftantial Family keeps a commodious covered Boat, 
 
 and there are others for hire, that at any part may be had 
 
 on call : The Streets, near the Palace, are regular, long and 
 
 very wide : The Palace is an exadl Square, of about 500 
 
 paces, walled and furrounded with Guns, without the walls, 
 
 very irregular and poorly mounted ; moftly on {locks ; the 
 
 Side next the River has 3 magnificent Gates, before which 
 
 is a fmall Palace on the River, erefted upon pales with feveral 
 
 neat apartments, and at a little diftance inclofed with pallifadoes, 
 
 leaving within a fufficient fpace for fifliing Boats, for the 
 
 recreation of the King and his Women. 
 
 The Town of Faifoe is little more than one very long narrow 
 Street, barely leaving room for a ro%u of Houfes, on that fide 
 next the River, the bed, built on purpofe to let to the 
 Cbinefe Traders, are on the oppofite fide, which will fetcli 
 from 200 to 500 ®/w;« a Seafon ; ^ there are other fmaller, 
 though commodious enough, that may be had for 8 or 12 
 Quans a Month, 
 
 The 
 
 CHIN-CHINJ. • Englifli MS " Houfes at Faifce are to be had, convenient enough, for 
 
 " between 30 and 100 ^a>u for the Seafon." J^ 
 
 39 T 1 1
 
 230 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Form of Government, is nearly the fame as in China, 
 as alfo the degrees and qualities of the Mandarines, many of 
 whom are of the Chinefe cxtradion, who took refuge there, 
 about the time of the Tartar Conqnejl ; the Cockin-Chinefe wear 
 their hair tied up, retain ftill the fame full and becoming drefs 
 that the Chinefe ufed, before they met with that difgrace ; 
 They have a great Ihare of Pride, though civil enough, ufing 
 a good deal of ceremony in their behaviour, and formality in 
 their drefs ; are fomewhut avaricious, but no fharpers ; are 
 full as polite as the Chinefe, have a more favourable opinion 
 of Strangers, whom the beft Mandarines will receive, and 
 entertain very kindly, in their Vifits. * The IVonten have 
 a great deal of liberty, are very induftrious, and make no 
 fcruple to converfe and deal with Strangers ; and your houfehold 
 affairs will never be rightly managed, 'till under the care 
 of one of them, who, among other neceffary Services, will be 
 very faithful, in the tedious work of counting your Cafh, but 
 you muft never take one without being well recommended.'' 
 
 The Country near the Sea, is moftly low, very fertile and 
 well watered with Rivers ; but a little farther in, is high and 
 mountainous ; whence they have plenty of timber and Plank, 
 
 efpecially 
 
 ' EngUfli MS " Keep a Palanqueen, with two Cooleys, and have 
 " always Servants, in order to go abroad with You, and behave to every 
 " body with a great deal of Serenity." _® 
 
 * The Englilh MS " If you take a Miftrefs, it will be better if She is a 
 
 " Chinamar.'s Widow, and be i'urc to receive her from her Parents, or 
 
 " Friends ; take great care of tampering with your Linguift, and make him 
 
 " believe you put ^ great confidence in him, though you mufl never truft 
 
 Cnrujv rvTV A " ^''^ ! Icirn feme words of the language as foon as poffible, that you, with 
 
 •' your Female Houfckeeper, may be able to do fomc trifles of Bulinefs, 
 
 " without always troublijig your Linguift." ^ 
 40
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 251 
 
 efpecially Tindolo; ^ which, with the plentifuUnefs of the Country, 
 draws the Chlnefe to build many of their Junks there ; Rice, and 
 all manner of Vegetables, they have in abundance, and other 
 Provifions reafonable : There are many Elephants in the Country, 
 but few more are taken, than only for the King's ufe * for 
 
 which he has them regularly trained, and kept with much 
 order, * near his Palace, as alfo a great many fprightly little 
 Horfes, which are bred in great numbers throughout the Country. 
 
 Proceedin'gs of the French, and fome reafons for their 
 milcariage, in C o c u i N - C h 1 n a, in 1 749. 
 
 They were, as mofh likely, encouraged by the Alijfionarys, and 
 Monf. Friel (who had been there a few years ago, in his way from 
 China to the Coaft of Coromandel) to come, and have at lead 
 liberty of a faSor to remain there ; Monf. Le Poivre, who had 
 been there formerly, was fent in the Charader, of Commijfaire to 
 the F..iig of France, and Monf. Laureus was Siipereargoe of the fliip, 
 and appointed to flay there ; At their arrival Le Poivre hafted 
 to Court in grand order with his Guards &c. and there made a 
 yery fplendid appearance ; He had a Letter, from the King of 
 France, foliciting the FnVw^j/p of the King of Cochin China, 
 and he prefented him with the French King's Pidure in armour, a 
 pair of poor little hcrfes, a pair of large looking Ghijfes, a Telefcope, 
 and feveral other Bagatelles. Their Stock was chiefly in Dollars, 
 which they might have fold at their firft arrival to the Portngucfe; 
 but aiming higher, they got the King's Stamp put on them, to 
 pafs as Current of the Country, at i §uan 2 Mace and fome odd 
 
 C'lf!-, 
 
 ' So o;;lled in the Philipinai, a Species of Wood like Mahogany, though 
 CHlN-CHl}iA. clofer grained. ^ 
 
 * The MS obliterated. 
 41
 
 252 ORIENTAL REPERTORY 
 
 Cajl:, and the King, taking none himfelf at that rate, cafily 
 granted it, though at above S ^ Cent more than the real vahic ; the 
 Country people finding this, avoided dealing with them, and for 
 their whole Cargoe they could get no m.ore than about looo Pecul 
 of Sugar ; and carried mofl: part of their Dollars away with them. 
 In effeft of their Prefents to the King, and conflant afliduity 
 towards him, he forgave them all Port Charges, and always ufed 
 them extremely civil. By this his complaifance, Le Poivre was 
 led on, to overlook and difregard his Miniflers, which ftirred up 
 their refentment, as well as an attention what could be the 
 drift of a People that gave a fufpicion, by their lofty 
 appearance, to have fomething more in view, than barely to 
 buy and fell ? ^ they fii'fl began to tamper with the Linguift, 
 becaufe they perceived Monf. Le Poivre always careffed him, fo 
 as nearly to make him his Companion, and by this method foon 
 difcovered his whole defigns ; before he thought it was time 
 to bring them about ; I cannot pretend to lay open particularly 
 what they were, though am certain the difcovery caufed ari 
 extraordianary furprize in the Mandarines, and ftruck them with 
 the terrible Ideas of Great Guns, high ivallSf and limited Boundaries 
 hedged off from them, and poflefled by Strangers in the heart 
 of their own Country : the Linguift was frequently privately in- 
 troduced to the King, and became greatly in favour with the 
 Mandarines, whilft Le Poivre's Secrets kept pouring in upon 
 him : They ftill kept fair with one another ; Le Poivre 
 continued gay, always plying them with the greatnefs of his 
 King, and what confequence it would be of for his Majejly of 
 CocH in-China to have fuch a Friend ; this behaviour, which 
 
 the 
 
 * A Note fays " The Thoughts of a Settlement, terrible to the Cochin 
 COCHIN-CHINA. " Chtne/e" and " frequent Audiences, expenfive, and caufe a difregard to 
 " Minifters, who on that account plot againfl You." 
 42
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 253 
 
 the King thought falfe, aggravated more his difcontent, and 
 at laft he grew tired, and wifhed the;Ti gone ; and then 
 Le Po'tvre, being greatly difcouraged, made fliift to fqueezc 
 out fome faint propoials, for his Countrymen to occupy a bit 
 of Ground, and the King dropt him as cool a denial : I am 
 not certain whether Mr. Laurens was denied Leave to ftay in 
 the Country, or whether he declined it, as unneccfTary, after 
 fuch other more material difappointments : they did not find- 
 out the falfity of the Liiiguijl, 'till near the time of their going, 
 and then they found, that he had tricked and deceived them, 
 in almofl: every thing that was entrufted to him ; at their 
 embarking, they got him on board, on fome pretence of 
 clearing Accounts, and by force carried him away ; they had, 
 before this time, begun to behave in a very ftiff, and furlv 
 manner to the Country people ; but this laft Ailion (as if they 
 cared not what trouble it might involve their Neighbours into) fet 
 the whole Country in an uproar ; and forces were fent to all parts, 
 to flop the Ship, if flie fliould put in any where on their Coafts: 
 Before this time the Cochin-Chincfe never knew the difference of 
 Europeans ; In the King's Letter they were cautioned not to 
 have any dealings with the Enpjifi or Dutch, = this helped to 
 give the King a fufpicion of their fincerity, befides comincr 
 with the recommendation of Mr. Fricl, who before had behaved 
 very ill ; for when he was there, the Kine, wanting; to 
 encourage him to come again to trade, which he engaged 
 himfelf to do, promifed to furnifh him with GcLl at 150 Qs. 
 an L:gct, gave him Commiffions for fevcral Europe Curiofities, 
 and a fufiiciency of Gold to purchafe them ; likewife, at his 
 own requcft, fent two Tenths with him, to learn the European 
 
 Languages i 
 
 CHIK-CWSA. 
 
 • A JMS Mem ."^ of Mr. Wliiiiim Roberts lays " Lf^.vis i jth wio;c his 
 Brother King, that the EtigUfi and Dutch are Infidels." ^ 
 
 U uu
 
 CoCh'iN-CHTN.'i. 
 
 44 
 
 254 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Langmges; three years after that, the Lads came drooping 
 back, moneylefs, by the way of Mdcao; and the King heard 
 no more of Fr'iel, nor his money, till lately he obliged the 
 Miffionarys to pay it. 
 
 The Macao SJjip arrived in March 1750, which was about two 
 Months after the French were gone, then all Letters, and 
 whatever was direfted for MiJJjonarys, were feized, and had 
 feparate interpretations of them by the PortKgiicfe, whom they 
 kept confined for that purpofe, but found nothing prejudicial, 
 or touching the Government ; though, to clear all doubts, 
 they thought they could do nothing lefs, than fend all the 
 Chriflian Priefts out of the Country ; and accordingly they were all 
 taken into Cuftody, 'till the Auguft following, they went (o^ Macao 
 in the Portuguefe Ship, except one Germany who profefilng 
 Phyfick, was kept to attend the. King's houfchold ; moft 
 of their Churches were razed to the Ground, and their Books 
 and Papers all deftroyed, the Fre-:ch Priejls were diftinguiflied 
 by a guard of Soldiers, that efcorted them to Faifoe, whilfl; the 
 reft came down, at their liberty, with the Portugueje Captain. 
 
 Lift 
 
 It is allcdged they were very foon readmitted. ^
 
 ORIE>^TAL PvEPERTORY. 
 
 '>5 
 
 Lift of the different Grains in the Chicacole Circar. 
 Communicated by Claud Rujfel, Efcjr. 
 
 CELLJNEOUS. 
 
 5' 
 
 Kinds of Grain. 
 
 Fine Paddy. 
 
 Cufumuloo. 
 
 Duffarabogaloo. 
 
 Rajabogaloo. 
 
 Muteafurloo. 
 
 Chitty Muiealoo. 
 
 Aukfurloo. 
 
 Rutnafurloo. 
 
 Jinnoobauloo. 
 
 Bungarategaloo. 
 
 Unnuntabogaloo. 
 
 Chaumaboiialoo. 
 
 Raujanauloo. 
 
 Vunkafunnaloc. 
 
 Miiloo Raujanauloo. 
 
 Coarfe Paddy. 
 
 Catirtecauloo. 
 Goury Concauloo. 
 Garuda Vaugnaloo. 
 Nundy Vurdaunaloo. 
 Chitty Cunnerloo. 
 Biidamurloo. 
 Jelamulloo. 
 
 Coarfe Paddy continued. 
 
 Valavaudaloo. 
 
 Nerucauraloo. 
 
 Shufteecauloo. 
 
 Autoogadaloo. 
 
 Boberry Guntaloo. 
 
 Bulloogutuloo. 
 
 Gudabullo. 
 
 Ukuloo. 
 
 Chamapoo Raujanaloo. 
 
 Mypauleloo. 
 
 Vajanauloo. 
 
 Mrudundaloo. 
 
 Mahadavee Cautkaloo. 
 
 Raumbaunaloo. 
 
 Gungajalaloo. 
 
 Balaraumbogaioo. 
 
 Varupanafaloo. 
 
 Nelajalaloo. 
 
 Byetaluloo. 
 
 Paulabyetaloo. 
 
 Chitterloo. 
 
 Kinds of Soloo. 
 
 Punaufafoloo. 
 Peddafoloo. 
 Eadakuloo Soloo. 
 
 Kinds
 
 256 ORIENTAL 
 
 Kinds of Guntaloo. 
 
 Pitta Guntaloo. 
 Pedda Guntaloo. 
 Earaguntaloo. 
 Boda Guntaloo. 
 
 Kinds of Peffaloo. 
 
 Pacha Peffaloo. 
 Nulla Peffaloo. 
 
 Kinds of Cundala. 
 
 Clicree Cundaloo. 
 Billa Cundaloo. 
 Conda Cundaloo. 
 
 Kinds of Minmuloo. 
 
 Munchy Minmuloo. 
 Tega Miiunuloo. 
 
 Kinds of. Sanaguloo. 
 
 Boda Sanagulooi 
 Comtnu Sanaguloo. 
 
 REPERTORY. 
 
 Kinds of Hoife Gram. 
 
 Nulla Vulavaloo. 
 •Telia Vulavaloo. 
 
 Kinds of -Gingelee Seeds. 
 
 Nala Nuvaloo. 
 Pyra Nuvaloo. 
 Turoo Nuvaloo. 
 Gunta Nuvaloo. 
 ValeQia Nuvaloo. 
 
 Kinds of Lamp Oil Seeds. 
 
 Pedda Aumadaloo. 
 Chitty Aumadaloo. 
 Salaga Aumadaloo. 
 
 Boberloo. 
 
 Alachundaloo. 
 
 Anumuloo. 
 
 Jenumuloo. 
 
 Mufluirloo. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 52
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 25^ 
 
 An Account of Malwa. 
 
 M. 
 
 .ALWA is in length, two hundred and forty-five Cofs, 
 and in breadth, two hundred and thirty ; It is bounded on the 
 North by the Azmere Soubab, on the South by Buggellanay on 
 the Eaft by parts of the Agra, and Akahad Soubahs ; on the 
 Weft by Guzurat. The principal Rivers are the S'nid and 
 Narbadah ; but it is watered by matty fmaller Streams, at the 
 diftance of three or four Cofs, the Land in general veryferiik, 
 and higher than the reft of Hindoojian. 
 
 The Patan Princes, of the Race of Khtilleejee, conquered the 
 Province from the Hindoos, and fixt their Seat of Government 
 at Mando, which is now in a ruinous condition, but there are 
 ftill Its remains, which points out Its former magnificence, 
 particularly the I'Falls of the Forts, which are fome Ccfs in 
 circumference. From the Patans, Malwa was totally wrefted 
 by Akbar, who annexed It to his Empire, and It continued in 
 the hands of his SLicceflbrs, 'till the conclufion of the Reign of 
 Mahomed Shaw. 
 
 At this Period, here as in other parts of the Empire, the 
 Zemeendars, and new Adventurers, divided the Province amongft 
 them, and formed feveral petty States, throwing off all but a 
 nominal Allegiance to the Throne : fo that nothing was left to 
 the Imperial Soubadar, but the Ficinity of whatever City he 
 refided at. The Rajah of Chundely, defcended from the Ancient 
 Princes of the Country, feized on the North Eaft Parts ; the 
 Keeches upon the South ; the Zemeendars of Anuntzvarra and 
 SundtL-arra aflumed the ftile of Princes, and, in the ce/;/er of 
 the Province, ftarted up the little Nabobfiip of Bopaul, which 
 will be mentioned more particularly hereafter. While thefc 
 
 X X X Rebels
 
 a^S ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Rebels were bidding defiance to the Royal Authority, another 
 Enemy entered the Province, deftroyed the hopes of thefe petty 
 Sovereigns, and foon became Matters of the whole. 
 
 When Ktillkk Khan Nizulmtil Muluck, celebrated in Hijlory a^ 
 the Inviter of Nadir Shaw into Hiudoojlan, was intrufted by the 
 Empeior with the Government of the Duckan; he fought to 
 make himfelf independant ; and, therefore, to employ the Royal 
 Army, and prevent its being turned againft himfelf, fuffered, 
 if he did not perfuade, the l^Iaharaiias to invade the rich 
 Troviiue of Guzurat, after which they entered into Malwa, 
 overturned that Country, and penetrated as far as Biaiia and 
 Azmere. 
 
 Baj(e RaoTv defeated the Soubadar of Malwa, Deah Bahadur, 
 who had collected together a large Army, and prevailed on the 
 rebellious Zemeendars to join againft the common Enemy. 
 After the Vidlory, the Maharattas fettled themfelvcs in the 
 province, and obliged thofe who affumed independance, to pay 
 a tribute, and part witli moft of the Lands they had ufuiped ; 
 the Nabob of Bopaul, 2inA fome Rajahs, they fuffered to keep a 
 part of their Territories, and exercifcd over them a princely 
 power, but took care to weaken them lb much, as not to leave 
 it in their option to part them on any future occafion. 
 
 The Province was divided into three Shares, one of which was 
 allotted to Bajerow, another to the Maharatia Sircar, and the 
 third to the Chief Mulhar Row ; the Chief Scindia poflefles the 
 firjl, which was conferred on his father by Bajecrow, but he 
 has ufurped great part of that appropriated to the State, fo that 
 his Revenue may amount to about one Crore of Rupees, his Capital 
 MALlvA. is Oitgcne, a very large and ancient City, on the Scppree River, 
 
 2 but badly defended, it being only furrounded by a decayed 
 
 IFalL
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 159. 
 
 fFall; He laft year began to erect a Mud Fort, of great extent,. 
 but which is but little advanced in the building. 
 
 The dependencies of Ougene are very extenfive, comprehending 
 all the Country from thence to Guzur at Weftward ; and, befides, 
 Scindia poflefled Beljha, a capital Town, with an extenfive Territory, 
 which is governed by his Naib, Jpajee Andoo Roiv. 
 
 Tokajee Holkar, a near relation of the late Midhar Ron', 
 inherits his flaare of Malwa, which is faid to produce nearly 
 Eighty Lacks revenue, but this is clogged by a charge for the 
 fupport of the Widow of his Predeceffor's Son, which may 
 amount to fifteeen Lacks ; he refides at Indaur, about fifteen 
 Cofs from Ougene, a flourifliing Town of modern date. 
 
 It is fuppofed Scindia can bring into tlie field forty thouCind 
 Men, and the Chief Holcar about half that number, but their 
 late Campaign againft General Goddard has much weakened their 
 reputation, and drained their Coffers, which they are in vain 
 endeavouring to fill, by mofh opprcffive exadions from the 
 Subjedls^ 
 
 That part of Malwa, in the hands of the PeJIozva, as 
 
 Minijlers of the Circar, are very trifling, and comprehends 
 
 only the D/Jlricis of Seppree, Jerri, Neia Sural, Scourah, Mugid 
 
 Scourah, Kutchnar, and Bajfaudah Gunje; which are governed 
 
 by the Chief Tirmuck Roy and his Deputies ; He cannot raife 
 
 more than five or fix thoufand Men. Sheoor and JJh tab belong 
 
 to Sewajee EJlall, Son of the late Chief Bbeetal Row, and arc 
 
 worth about two Lacks ^ Annum. It is faid Scindia intends 
 
 him to command an Army on the Eaftern Frontiers, in 
 
 order to oppofe our Arms, while he himfclf remains at Ougene, 
 
 to watch the motions of General Goddard... 
 
 Abou:
 
 iJJLfFJ. 
 
 a6o ORIENTAL REPERTOR.Y. 
 
 About fevcnty-four Cofs from Nsrwar^ is the government 
 of Bopaul, belonging to a Patau Tribe, of which the following 
 is the Hiflorical Account. 
 
 A Rohilla, of the Mcer Jes Tribe, having committed a 
 Murder in his own Country, fled into Malwa, and entered 
 into the Service of the Beerfah Zemeendar, as a common Soldier, 
 being liked by his Mafter, he was foon promoted to the 
 Command of ten or twelve Peons, and, having diftinguillied 
 himfelf greatly at the head of this little Body, obtained (hortly 
 the charge of two hundred foot, and fifty Horfe ; continuing 
 to gain favour with his Employer, he had the Fort of Jugdees 
 given him as an Aj'ylum for his family, with the farm of the 
 Purgimnah, in which it flood, he changed the name of the 
 Fort to Jflaamnagghi'.r which it now bears. 
 
 Soon after this, being ambitious of raifing himfelf to great 
 honour, he left his family at Ijlaamnagghur , and, with about two 
 hundred Horfe, went to pufh his fortune in the Duckan ; from 
 whence, after being very fuccefsful, and having acquired 
 much wealth, he returned to Malwa, and brought with him 
 many followers of his own Tribe, with whom he had formed 
 the flrifteft friendfhip : It was now that he planned the defign 
 of forming an independent Government, and he began by 
 binding the Riots of his Purgunnah to his intereft, by ads of 
 generofity and flrift juflice. The Town of Bopaul, about three 
 Cofs from Iflaamnagghur , was pofTelTed by an independent Chief, 
 whom he attacked, defeated and put to death ; after which he 
 feized upon his State. In the Town of Bopaul he built a Citadel, 
 which he called Futty Ghur, and foon after quarrelling with his 
 old Patron, put him to death, and obtained pofiefTion of his 
 Zemeendary. 
 
 He
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 261 
 
 He next, by bribery, procured the Jlroitg Fort of Kinnore, 
 and plundered the Rajahs of Holta and Chmdely, whom he 
 obliged to pay an annual tribute, he then carried his Arms 
 againft Bhelfah, took it, and put the Killarday to death ; By 
 this Acquifition, and his former fuccefles, he had formed a 
 Territory of thirty Lacks of Rupees revenue, and was daily 
 gathering new ftrength, when the old Nizam, who was re- 
 turning from Delhi to the Duckan, took the route of Bopaul ; 
 which had nearly proved fatal to his fortune. 
 
 The Nizam demanded from him a Nuzzir of twenty Lacks 
 of Rupees, which he refufed giving ; and retired to the Fort of 
 Kemiore for flielter, in which he was befieged for fome time, 
 when the Nabob ^ agreed to accept of the Bond for fifteen 
 Lacks, on condition that he would give up his Eldcjl Son as an 
 hojlage, this being done, he was confirmed by the Nizam in his 
 Country, to which he foon after added many Diftrids. 
 
 Doajl Mahomed dying, and his Eldeft Son '' Ear Mahomed 
 being in the Duckan, the Second, Sultan Mahomed, was placed 
 on the Mujh'.d; but the Nizam hearing of the Nabob's death 
 permitted Ear Mahomed to return to Bopaul, and difmiflcd him 
 with honour, and ftrong AfTurances of his fupport, (hould he 
 be oppofed in claiming his Birthright. 
 
 On his arrival at Bopaul, the Government was furrendered to 
 him by his Brother, to whom he allowed a handfome Stipend 
 for the fupport of his Rank. Secured in the protedion of the 
 Nizamt to whom he always acknowledged Allegiance, his 
 
 Government 
 
 • So in the IMS obviouily fliould be Nizam. J^ 
 
 MA LIV A, '" ^"^ '^'^ ^^ ^^ " '"^ °"^ P^^*^^ ^^^"^^^ ^'"' Mahomed but in federal Ear, 
 
 which I therefore conclude to be the name. J2) 
 
 5 Yyy
 
 262 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Government remained very flourifliing, and he colle(5led the 
 Tribute, his Father had laid on the neighbouring Rajahs, fo that 
 Bopaul was ftrong at home, and refpedted abroad. Ear Mahomed 
 entrufled the management of his Affairs to his Be^nm, a fVotnan 
 of very great abilities., who is yet alive and refpefted. 
 
 Ear Mahomed left behind him four Sons, Fiez Mahomed, 
 Tafeen Mahomed, Hyrat Mahomed, (the prefent Nabob) and 
 Saad Mahomed. 
 
 Thefc Children being all very young, Sidtau Mahotned, their 
 Uncle, formed a Party, and attempted the Miifmid, but the 
 fuperior abilities of the Begum fruftrated his fchemes, and Fiez 
 Mahomed acceded to the Government ; Sultan Mahomed raifed 
 an Army, and befieged his Nephew at Bopaul ; but was 
 defeated, and obliged to fly to the Fort of Raatghur, in which 
 he was clofely blockaded by the Nabob. 
 
 Finding at length refiftance vain he gave up the place, 
 which was reftored to him, with a penfion adequate to the 
 fupport of his dignity. In the invafion of the Marat tas, Fiez 
 Mahomed was obliged to give up Bel/ah, and half his Country, 
 to prevent the entire ruin of hLs family. After this, either 
 through grief at the lofs of his power, or from a naturally 
 gloomy turn of mind ; he became a devotee to Religion, no 
 longer engaged in public Affairs, and but once appeared in the 
 Durbar, at the requeft of the Begum, to pleafe his Subjefts. 
 
 Giving up every thing to her diredion, he employed his 
 time m religious aufterities, wore the drefs of a Faquier, lived 
 upon the coarfeft, and mofl common diet, and would fcarcc 
 be prevailed upoa to fpeak, but in prayer ; the Begum governed 
 6 "1 
 
 MALWA.
 
 MALWA. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 263 
 
 in his name, much to the fatisfadtion of all his Subjecls, but 
 at length a partiality fliewn to a Towig Man of her family, 
 roufcd the jealoufy of the Nabob's Brothers, who, as he had no 
 Children, looked to the fuccellion. 
 
 Imagining the Begum wiflied to make her favourite. Nabob ; 
 they prevented it by a confpiracy to feize the Government ; the 
 Toung man was put to death, and Tafeen Mahomed, the Second 
 Son, took the reins of power into his hands, under the title of 
 Naib, to his Brother ; who, dying foon after, left him his 
 Heir, but he did not long enjoy tlie new dignity, being taken 
 ill, and dying twelve days after his acceffion. 
 
 ■ Hyant Mahomed Fihan fucceeded to the Government, which 
 he now holds, but this little State, furrounded by Enemies, is 
 at prefent in a very weak condition, confifling only of the 
 Diftricts of Bopaitl, Bcerja, Sarvajfee and Sulwanee, svhich form 
 a Tra!Ii, from Ambarree South to Koranoo, of twenty Cofs in 
 length, and only two, three and four in breadth ; the Revenues 
 are not more than twelve to fourteen Lacks, great part of the 
 Country, being hilly and but thinly inhabited ; the Nabob 
 keeps up but a fmall force for the colleftion of his Revenues, 
 and the fervice of garrifoning his Forts, in which his ftrength 
 confifts. The principal are Bopaid or Fatteghur, Raat Ghur 
 and IJlaamnaggur. 
 
 Since General Goddard's March through Malwa, Sindiah 
 has been exceedingly jealous of the Bopaul Nabob, who gave 
 every affiftance, his Country could afford, to the Englip Army ; 
 Since the fall of Gualier, and the reports of our Invading 
 Malwa has prevailed. He has one time threatened to deprive 
 him of his Country, at another to give him up part of his 
 former poffefuons, if he will join heartily in afllfting his Army, 
 
 but
 
 264 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 but the Nabob endeavours, by foothing and excufes, to keep 
 clear of any engagements ; and it is more than probable that 
 he would, with proper encouragements, do every thing in his 
 po\^•er to forward our Views ; though what force he could bring 
 to our fupport in the field, fliould not be very great, yet the 
 free admiflion into, and ufe of, his Country, would be of much 
 fervice, as it abounds with provifions, exceedingly cheap, 
 would be a fecure Station for the Sick, who doubtlefs will be 
 many, whenever we arrive there; and in cafe the want of 
 Ammunition, or other Caufes fhould make it neceflary to put off 
 a fudden advance to Ougene, would be a friendly Poll, to wait 
 for Supplies at. 
 
 The Nabob has more than once exprefled his wifh to join in 
 our Operations againft the ATarattas, and from his former be- 
 haviour to General Goddard, his natural hatred to the Enemy, 
 and his dread of Sindiah's jealoufy, there is every caufe to 
 believe him fincere ; but while furrounded with Enemies, and 
 our Army near eighty Cofs diftance from his Country, it is 
 impoffible he can publickly declare his intentions, without the 
 greateft; rifque of being ruined. 
 
 In the Hills of Malwa are a people, Rajepoots of the 
 Grajfta Tribe, who often make defcents into the low Countries, 
 and raife Contributions upon the Maratta Aumils, who buy off 
 their plunders by a Sum of Money. They are all Horfe, and 
 it is faid remarkably daring, but particularly fo againft the 
 Marattas, whom they have a mortal hatred to. 
 
 Descriptiom 
 
 MALirJ. 
 8
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 265 
 
 Description of Ugkn, 
 
 The Capital of Mahadagee Scindia. 
 
 By Mr. Malet (now Sir Charles W. Malet Baronet) dated U^en 
 
 13 April 1785. 
 
 On the Subjedlion of Malwa, by the Mahratlas, about 50 
 Years ago, It was given in Jagh'ire to Three Chieftains, Ranojee 
 Scindia, Malajce Holcar, and Efivauhea Powar. Ugen is the 
 Capital of the Scindia Family ^ In dor of the Holcar s, and 
 Dhar of the Pou-ars. 
 
 Ugen is fituated in 23? 14' '. On the nth Inftant I went to 
 view the City and Environs, proceeding by the Bdnks of the 
 River Si/era, on the Eaflern fide of which, the City (lands, running 
 nearly due North. At about the Diftance of two Miles on the 
 Weftcrn Bank is Behro Ghtir, or Mahadovj Ghur j the former 
 Name is in compliment to the Idol of that Name, who has a 
 Temple here, the latter in compliment to Madoivjee Scindia, who 
 ordered the Ghttr, or Fort, to be undertaken at the Inflancc of 
 Jevjram Jaut, a Chief of that Tribe, who took Refuge with 
 him about ten Years ago, to avoid the Troubles in his own 
 Country. Tt is a Fort on an extenfive Plan, furroundcd by a 
 Ditch, of about 20 feet deep, meant to communicate with the 
 River at each Extremity. The IValls of the Fort are of Stem 
 and Mortar, and feem excellent Mafonry, but they are not yet 
 raifed to the Commencement of the Parapet ; within the Fort 
 is another very handfome fqtiare Fortification, meant for the 
 Habitation of Scindia himlelf, each Face 150 Yards. This 
 Building is in the fame unfiniflied State, with the former, and 
 the Progrefs of both is flopped by the Orders of Scindia. 
 
 About 
 • The MS faye 23? 1+' to 15' ^ 
 
 Zzz
 
 266 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 About a Mile and a lialf further, on the fame fide of the 
 River, is a very extraordinary large gloomy Edifice of peculiar 
 S-rciigth, and ftill in very good repair, erefted on an artificial 
 Ijland, formed for the purpofe, by a diverfion of the Stream 
 of the Sifera, and connected with the Weflern Bunk, by a Bridge 
 of 16 Arches. In the Weftern Stream, which I conceive to 
 be the artificial one, is a furprizing Multitude of various Apart- 
 ments, conllruci:!--d on a level with the Water, and in the 
 niidll: rhereof, the Water being conveyed round them in various 
 Channels into Refervoirs contrived for its reception, whence it 
 is conveyed by proper Outlets to the Bed of the River, into 
 which it is difcharged by little artificial Cafcades that have a 
 very plcafing Effeft. 
 
 The whole of thefe Buildings, in the Bed of the River, which 
 muft have been conftruftcd before the Bank was cut, are over- 
 fiowed in the Rains; but of fuch aftonifhing Strength is the 
 Mafonry, as to remain ftill in high Prefervation. 
 
 The Apartments are admirably calculated for coolnefs, each 
 Recefs being furniflied with Rings, to which I conceive were 
 fixed da talus of the Aromatic Root called Keefc, 'which being 
 wetted gives a delicious Coolnefs to the enterino- Air. 
 
 On the Weftern fide of the River are two large Enclofures 
 
 of Stone Wall, one within the other, the lefler muft have ' 
 
 been a Garden, the other which is 3 or 4 Miles in Extent,' 
 a Park, the Wall of which is now in Ruins. 
 
 I could get no intelligible Account of this extraordinary 
 
 Work, from any of the Natives, who call it the abode of 
 
 Ghors Sba. The firft Princes of Malwa, after the fubverfion 
 
 MALIFJ. of 
 
 10
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 267 
 
 of the E.ppire of Delhy, were of that Tiibe, but the 
 Government afterwards^fell into the hands of Gilirecs, and oa 
 confuhing an authentic Hijlory of this Ptovhice, I fortunately 
 found the following very clear and concife account of this 
 extraordinary Structure (viz.) 
 
 " Sultaun Nafis iil Dcen Gihgce, Son of Gheas ul D.en, 
 
 " afcended the Throne of Malwa, in the Year of the Hejcia 
 
 " 905, and reigned eleven Years and four Months. This 
 
 " Prince who was cruel and oppreflive, built the lf''a!er fTorks, 
 
 " at Kallcah De and Saadan Pore; for having contrafted an 
 
 " intolerable Heat in his Habit, by czimg fixed ^ickjilver, he 
 
 " fpent his whole time in thefe PFatry Jbodes, and carried on 
 
 " the Bufinefs of his Government there." 
 
 By this Account thefe works are 300 Years old, and iheir 
 .^Permanence through fo long a period, with fo conftant and 
 '« ^o great a force of Water on them, is certainly much to be 
 admired. 
 
 The Indians have extraordinar)-^ Ideas of the ftimulative 
 and ftrengthening Qualities of fixed ^.ickfiher, and alfo impute 
 to it fome prodigious and fupernatural effeds, arifing from 
 Ignorance, and a fondnefs for the Wonderful. 
 
 ,1 am informed that this Prince ordered Places of the fame- 
 Ts.ind to be pepared in many parts of his Dominions, and that 
 there arc very fine ones at Mando, about 26 Cofs hence. 
 There are fome Infcriptions here by order of ^khar, and Sha 
 Jchan, in their Progrefs to and from the Deekan whish 1 
 have taken Copies of. Captain Reynolds has taken a view of 
 the Works. 
 
 Tlie
 
 MALW A. 
 12 
 
 s68 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Cily of Ugen is veiy ancient, and fald to have been 
 the Refiiknce of \\\t great Prince, Bicker Ma jit, whofe -.Era 
 is now Current among the Hindoos, this being the Year 1842. 
 It is now as cxtenfive as Sural, but retains Marks of much 
 greater Extent, large bricks being conftantly dug up, three or 
 four Miles round. The Town is very irregular, particularly 
 towards the River, where the Ruggcdnefs of the Bank has 
 prevented the fmalleft appearance of order. There are many 
 fine Flights of Steps to the Water, and fome handfome Mattfoleumi 
 and Pagodas, on the Banks, and in the Town, particularly the 
 Repofttory of the Aflies of Ranajee Scindia, Father of Mabajee 
 Scindia. 
 
 The great Street is very ftraight, broad, regularly built, and 
 well paved. The Bazar is well fupplied with Grain, Rice, Goods, 
 Greens, Fruits, amongft which are Apples, Melons, Grapes, 
 Pomgranales, Oranges, &c. &c. 
 
 Account
 
 10 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 169 
 
 Account of BANDELCcrND. 
 
 HjNDELCUND is bounded on the North by the Jumna^ 
 on the South by the Roiva, on the Eaft by Btirgur, and on 
 the Weft by the Pergunnah of Ketmar ; It is properly comprifed 
 in the IlUabad Soubah, and, when tributary to the Emperors, 
 was governed by the Nabob of this Province; the prefent 
 Pofleffors of this Country, are not the original Proprietors of 
 It, their firft introdudion being only fo late as the Reign of 
 the Emperor Jehanger, and of this the following is the Hil- 
 torical Account given. 
 
 A Rajepoot of the Bomkla "Tribe, a Native of Benaras, 
 removed from thence with his family to the Fort of Kerrar, 
 fituated in the Diftridl of Ourcha, then governed by a Raja of 
 the Cajl of Girkers, who received him into his Service, and 
 him to Employments of Confidence and Profit. 
 
 The Bondela had a Daughter of exquifitive Beauty, whofe 
 praifes coming to the Rajah's hearing, he fell in love, and 
 demanded the Lady of her Father in Marriage, the Bondela 
 was afraid to refufe, but enraged at the Affront offered him, 
 by the Rajah, whom he efteemed inferior in family to himfelf, 
 he communicated the requefl, and his own fenfe of it, to his 
 Daughter, who formed a great, but bloody fchemc, to rid 
 hcrfelf of her infolent Lover, and build, upon his Ruin, the 
 Fortune of her Father. 
 
 She defired him to pretend an acquiefcence to the requefl:, 
 and make preparations for the Nuptial Ceremony, at his own 
 Houfe, to invite the Rajah to perform it there, and bring 
 NDEICUND. with him his whole family, and the Officers of his Court. 
 
 I 4 A The
 
 i-jo ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The R^Jah accepted the Confent with joy, and waited 
 impatiently for the Day, which, he expeded, would afford him 
 Beauty and Blifs ; when it arrived, he, with his Relations and 
 Friends, came in State to the Dwelling of his wiflied for 
 Bride, where uncommon fplendor was difplaycd in the 
 preparations for the Marriage Feafl: : An elegant Collation 
 was fet before him, of which his principal Attendants were 
 delired to partake, and Mufick was called in, to add to the 
 pleafure of Fellivity. 
 
 The unfufpefting Rajah feafted to excefs on the fatal 
 Banquet, into which Poifon had been infufed, by the Lady 
 and her Father, dreadful Agonies foon fucceeded the Delights 
 of the Palate ; and the treacherous Bondela now brought in the 
 Sword to the afliftance of Poifon; while the Rajah and his 
 Friends were writhing svith Pain, he called in his Followers,, 
 who finiflicd their Tortures by repeated wounds : The Bondela, 
 after this cruel deed, attacked the remaining Officers in the 
 Fort, fpreading devaftation and flaughter, around among thofe 
 from whom he could have any thing to fear. When all were 
 removed of any Rank, he feated himfelf upon the Mnznud of 
 the Rajah, and kept it peaceably to his death. He was 
 fucceeded by his Son Bcufing Deo ; who, being of an enter- 
 prifing difpofition, made war on the furrounding Zemeendars, 
 whofe Diftritts he added to his own Pofle^ions ; He made 
 himfelf ferviceable to the Soubadar of Aleahad, in reducing 
 feveral refradory Zemeefidars, and was rewarded for it, by 
 Grants from him of the Lands he had reftored to the Royal 
 Subjeftion : Beo Sing Deo alfo committed many Robberies, on 
 the Borders of Mahva, and the Nerwar Road, through that 
 Provifice, into the Duckan, 
 BANDELCUND. 
 
 •L It
 
 WELCVND. 
 3 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. z-jt 
 
 It was by his Banditti that the celebrated Hlftonan Abool 
 Fuzzul was affaffinated * on his way from Boorampoore, and it 
 was fufpedled, Beo Sing Deo did this at the requeft of JehangWy 
 who was jealous of the influence that great Man had over his 
 Father Akber. 
 
 Thefe fufpiclons were in part confirmed by the favour {hewn 
 to Beo Sing Deo on Jehangiir's Acceffion to the Throne, he 
 was honoured by the Title of Maharaja : and intruded with 
 the Government of Bandekmd, or Dv.nguch, then in poffeffion of 
 the Goher Caji, of which Futteh Sing a Pizam Saw, is now the 
 Head, but greatly reduced in power and confequence. Beo 
 Sing Deo, exalted by the Royal Notice, foon performed the 
 Commiffion he was entrufted with, and drove the Raja Bbarat 
 Saw, who had rebelled againft the Imperial Authority, from 
 the Country he poflTeffed, Northward as far as the River 
 Chtmbal, Soutliward as far as Gurrah Mandel, Eaftward to the 
 Jumna, and Weft ward to Nerwar, 
 
 He built, with the Wealth he acquired from the Conquered,. 
 fifty two Jlrong Forts, among which were Dhimonna, Jaafe, 
 Dutteah, Seronge; As he paid the fettled tribute to the 
 Imperial Treafury at lUehabad, he was permitted to enjoy his- 
 Conqueft unmolefted, and became one of the firjl Hindoo 
 Mujfubdars at Court, where he was held in the greateft Efteem, 
 during the whole Reign of Jehangiir ; Beo Sing Deo did not 
 long furvive his Royal Patron, and left behind him Eight 
 Sons, to each of whom he left Diftrids ; to one he gave Jaafe, 
 to another Dutteah, to another Scoundah, to a fourth Pathoivley, 
 to his Brother's Son, Champut Roy, he gave Dungvjh, now 
 called Bandelcimd, his Eldeft Son Hyar Sing, he left his 
 
 SuccefTor 
 
 * This Event having happened in the reign of Akhcr, the firft acccllion 
 of Beo Shig Deo's Father, muft have been antecedent to the rei^n of jfel.hin^lr ; 
 though it may have happened in his timc^ J3)
 
 SJNDEICUND. 
 
 171 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Succeflbr to the Omuncha Rajajlnp ; and gave him a fuperior 
 power to his Relations, who were ordered to pay him Tribute, 
 and efheem tlicmfeivcs Vaflals to his Government. 
 
 Hyar Sing, being difgufted with the treatment he received 
 from Shaw Jehan, rebelled againll: him, and refufcd to pay 
 the Royal Tribute ; upon which a large Army entered his 
 Country, under the Command of fome principal Omrahs ; and 
 the Emperor himfelf advanced as far as Gualier, with the 
 Imperial Standard to be ready to fupport them. Hyar Sing 
 feeing himfelf furrounded, and knowing oppofition would prove 
 his ruin, fued for pardon, which was granted on his paying up 
 the Arrears of Tribute, and a confiderable PeflicuQi ; his Eldeft 
 Son, Bucker Majiet, was delivered up as an Hoftage to the 
 Emperor, who fent him to the Duckan, to ferve in the Army 
 of Aurengzebe. 
 
 Hyhar Sing continued for fome Years a loyal Subjcdl ; but 
 at length rebelled again, and Bucker Majiet, efcaping from the 
 Duckan, joined him in oppofing the Royal Authority ; a very 
 confiderable Force was fent againll them, and entered the 
 Country in three Detatchments ; Hyhar Sing, driven from 
 Fortrefs to Fortrefs, was at length taken, with his Son, at 
 Joragur, and put to death with him ; and many of his 
 dependants : Above a Crore of Rupees, in plunder, fell to the 
 fhare of the Imperial Troops ; A diftant Relation of the 
 Family, was placed upon the Miijm'.d of the Raaje : but Jaafe 
 and other Forts given up, and garrifoned by the Imperial 
 Troops. From this time the fVill of Beo Sing Deo was 
 forgotten, and the Tribute with-held from the Ourcha Raja, 
 who, lofing all power in Dxmgv.Jh, where Champiit Roy reigned 
 independent, contracled his Views, as did alfo his Siicceffors, 
 to the Sovereignty over Ourcha, Dutteah, and Puttroivky ; 
 This was prefented * for fome time, but the Duttea Prince 
 
 gained 
 * So in the MS. J^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 273 
 
 gained the Aiperiority, which is ftill mainialned in that family ; 
 the Ounka Raja now pofleffing nothing but the Town of that 
 Name, and a fmall Diftrid: not more than fifty thoufand 
 Rupees f Annum : but he is ftill reckoned the Chief of the 
 Bondelas, who pay him a nominal fubmiffion, and receive 
 from him Teekas of their Raaje. 
 
 The Raja of Dutteah poffefTes an Extent of Country, lying 
 on the Southern Bank of the SenJe, from near Cnlpee, as far 
 almoft as Nerwar, valued almoft at twenty Lacks Yearly ; but 
 of this Sum he pays nearly half to the Chief Scindia ; He is 
 entirely governed by his Uncle Futte/j Sing, who manages the 
 Country, while the Raja leads a life of pleafure : He maintains 
 about rwo thoufand Horfe, and about twice that number of 
 Foot, which are entirely attached to Futteb Sing, who is very 
 ftrongly leagued to the Maharattas. 
 
 The Sumthir Rajajhip, a fmall Territory of between five 
 and fix Lacks Revenue, has been wrefted from that of Dutteah, 
 by Bifienfing of the Goojer Tribe ; he has long withftood the 
 joint endeavours of the Raja Gongadchr and the Ifaafi Soubadar 
 to reduce him to obedience; and maintains about fifteen* 
 hundred, or two Thoufand good Horfe, and more Foot ; he 
 attended Soujah D(rwlah, with the former, in the Rohilla 
 Conqueji, and was rewarded by him with a Grant of the 
 Purgunnahs of J or lone, Ktmche, Bundehr, Errick and Kanave, 
 which border upon his Country, and are at prefent in the 
 hands of Gondaher and Rnganaut Row. 
 
 It was before mentioned that the BorJela Principality of 
 Diingujh, or Bandelcuitd, was given by Bco Sing Deo to his 
 KDELCUND. Nephew Champut Roy. 
 
 S 4 B This
 
 SJNDELCUND. 
 
 a74 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 This Prince increafed his Power, as did his Succeflbrs, 
 whofe Names I cannot learn regularly, nor is it any importance 
 to know J our chief knowledge to be acquired, being that of the 
 prefent (late of the Country, and moft leading Circumftances 
 to it ; When Mahomed Shaw reigned at Delhi, Cbittterfall fat 
 on the Raaje of Bandelcund, but his Government was difturbed 
 by intefline quarrels, and his power becoming very unliable, 
 when a new fourcc of Vv'^calth was opened to his exhaufted 
 Trea'ury, and gave his Raaje a Brilliancy unknown to his 
 PredecelFors. A Faquier who had lived retired in the Hillsy 
 difcovered ^e. famous Diamond Mines, and difclofed the Faltiahle 
 Treafure to the Rajah, who in gratitude to his Friend, whofe 
 name was Tionault, called the Tozvn he founded, after him Fiona, 
 and fettled on his family a confiderable Jaaghier, alfo a fhare of 
 the produce of the Mines. 
 
 Chutterval ftrengthcned by this Acquifition of Wealth,, 
 cftablilhed himfelf firmly in the Raaje ; kept a confiderable army 
 on foot -, and, encouraged by the weaknefs of Mahomed Shaw's 
 Government, refufed to pay the Imperial Tribute. Mahomed 
 Khan Burgujlo, Soubadar of Ferrokabad, was fent againfl him 
 with a fine Army, the Rajah was defeated, and agreed to pay 
 the ufual fums, but this was only to gain time, and amufe the 
 J^ahob, while he was calling the Maharattas in, to liis 
 Affiftance. 
 
 Baaje Rmv was then in Malwa, and, being pleafed with the 
 propofals of Chutterfaul, joined him witli an Army of Eight 
 thoufand Horfe, Maho?ned was now in his turn defeated ; after 
 fuffering repeated LofTes, took refuge in the Fort of Jeytpoore, 
 which M'as clofcly befieged, for feme Months, by the united 
 Army : At the end of this period, the Garrifon being reduced 
 to live upon Horfe-flelL, and no fuccour coming from the 
 6 Emperor,
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 27_5 
 
 Emperor, the Nabob agreed to give up the Fort, on 
 condition of being fupplicd by the Raja with Provifions to 
 carry him to his own Country ; and his Baggage and followers 
 to depart unmolelled : Thefe Conditions being complied with, 
 he evacuated the Place, and returned with his fliattered Army 
 to 
 
 Chuiterfaul difmlfled Baaje Row with valuable Prefents, and a 
 proper Confideration for the Service he had rendered him, and, 
 fecured from all Enemies, affumed a total independence of the 
 Empire; and from this time, the Soubah of Aleabad became 
 reduced to the Country between the Rivers and Jemundary of 
 Benaras. 
 
 Chiitterjmd dying, left his Country between his two fons ; 
 Hardee Shaw the Elder had the largeft fhare, and the fmalleft 
 fell to Juggut Roy. Hardee Shaw was fucceeded by his Son 
 Sabha Sing, who, by large prefents, prevailed on the Imperial 
 Killadar to give him up the Fort of Callingir, which his Father 
 and Grandfather had often befieged, but without efFeft, 
 
 On the Death of Hardee Shaw, Baaje Row led an Army into 
 Bandekmd, to fupport a Claim he made to a fhare of the 
 Country, he faid had been collefted * him by Chtttterfaul, who 
 had adopted him as his Son, when he marched to his affiftance 
 againft the Nabob Mahomed Khan Bungujh. The Bondclas 
 oppofed the Maharatters for three Years, but were at laft 
 forced to beg for Peace ; and confent to the required divifions 
 of the Country, alfo the Diamond Mines of Fimnah, which 
 allotment will be mentioned hereafter. 
 
 Subah Sing was fucceeded by his Eldeft Son Jman Sing, who 
 
 was depofed and put to death by his younger Brother. The 
 
 'KDELCUKD. late 
 
 So in ihe Ciiginal. J^
 
 176 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 late Rajah Hindoput, who died but a few Years ago, leaving 
 behind him three Sons named Serneel Sing, Arnood Sing, and 
 Dhokul Sing. 
 
 There have been many Struggles between the Brothers for 
 fuperiority, but Fortune has decreed for Amrood Sing, who is 
 a Boy of Thirteen Years, fupported by the Minifters of the 
 late Raja ; Serneet Sing is allowed a Revenue of Nine Lacks 
 ^ Annum on which he fupports a kind of dignity, and courfe of 
 the mod vicious debauchery. The youngcft Brother is quite 
 an Infant, and lives with his Brother Amrood Sing. 
 
 Bennay Kiizzaree, who has at prefent the charge of Amrood 
 Sing's Government, being difliked by Kimraje Choba, an Old 
 Servant to the late Rajah, and who was intrufted by him with 
 the Fofts of Callingir, in which are depofited the "trcafiires, 
 collefted by himfelf and family, he has refufed to give up 
 his truft, till the Rajah has arrived at Years of difcretion, and 
 be able to manage bufmefs for himfelf; and pretends alfo 
 that Hindooput, on his death bed, gave him pofitive Orders, 
 not to deliver it, until one of his Sons, arrived at Manhood, 
 fliould be in full pofleflion of the Ranje. 
 
 In confequence of his refufal, Bennay Kuzzaree with the Chief 
 Balladehr, and the Rajahs Komaun and Gomattn Sing, have long 
 lain before Callingir^ in hopes of iharing the Treafures It con- 
 tains ; but it is faid they will now raife the Siege, and move 
 towards Sanger, in order to obferve the motions of our Army, 
 and form a jiinflion with Gongadehr, to oppofe our progrefs 
 into Malwa. Serneet Sing, is of fo bad a Charader, and fo 
 much difliked by the Bondelas in general, that there is little 
 ' ' hopes of his being able to bring over any party, fliould we at 
 
 8 a"y
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 177 
 
 any time chufe to enter the Couotry, and affift him in aflerting 
 his Claims to the Raje, as the Eldefl Son of Hindooput. 
 
 Jttggut Roy, the fecond Son of Chutterfaul, had two Sons, 
 Pahar Sing and Keernt Sing, the latter of whom died during the 
 life of his Father, and left behind him two Sons, named Komaun 
 and Goniaun Sing. Jvggut Roy, in prejudice to his own Son, 
 intended Komaun Sing for his own Heir, but died before he had 
 taken meafures to fecure his Succeffion. Pahar Sing fiicceeded 
 his father, and would have put his two Nephews to death, but 
 was prevented by their Friends, and obliged to allot fome Lands 
 for their maintenance. 
 
 Pahar Sing, dying, was fucceeded by his Son Gttdje Sing, 
 who was foon overpowered by his Coufins Komaun and Gomauit 
 Sing, who drove him from the Raje, leaving him nothing but 
 the Fort of Jeylpoore, where he refides, on a very pitiful and 
 fliabby Income. 
 
 Juggut Roy had alfo one Daughter, who was married to a 
 Rajeepoot of the Powan Tribe, by whom he had a Son, named 
 Gomaun Sing, to whom was allotted, by his Uncle Pahar Sing, 
 the Diftridl of Loonee, of which he was deprived by his Coufins 
 Komaun and Gomaun, who except the Fort of Jeytpoor, poffefs 
 the whole Heritage of Juggut Sing. 
 
 The Revenue of the Countries, in poffeffion of the Sons of 
 Hindooput, and Heeret Roy, with the fliare of the Maharattas, 
 are eftimated at two Crores of Rupees ; including the profits of 
 the Diamond Mines of Pirnah. The fuccefTors of Hindee Saw, 
 have ?fiore than a third of this Sum ; but I cannot learn exadly 
 (NDELCUND. j^^^^, j^;juch : The Share of the Maharatlas, is the fame with that 
 
 4 C of
 
 ^78 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 £jlNDELCUNn. 
 lO 
 
 of Koniauii and Gomaun Sii/g. Below are the Names of Pur-^ 
 gumiahs, with the mode of their allotment, to the three Powers. 
 
 I . Pooree. 
 
 I. Tillullpoore. 
 
 2. HuttoIIa. 
 
 2. Modah. 
 
 3. Rahut. 
 
 3. Ameerpoore. 
 
 4. Pundwanee. 
 
 4. Summeerpoore. 
 
 5. Siimmounee. 
 
 5. Scoundah. 
 
 NB. Thefe five Purgunnahs 
 
 Thefe five belong to Komaiin 
 
 are in fliares between Am- 
 
 and Gomaun Sing only. 
 
 rood Sing, Komaun and 
 
 
 Gomaun Sing. 
 
 
 I. Mahomedabad. 2. 
 
 Ourie. 3. Dhamaunee. 
 
 The laft Three are equally divided between Atnrood Sing, 
 Komaun Sing, Gomaun Sing and the Maharattas. 
 
 r. 
 
 Culpee. 
 
 4- 
 
 Kenuch. 
 
 7-. 
 
 Mahobah: 
 
 2. 
 
 Kunnani 
 
 5- 
 
 Jalone. 
 
 8. 
 
 Kuttah. 
 
 3- 
 
 Konche. 
 
 6. 
 
 Sahaooh. 
 
 9- 
 
 Sanger. 
 
 Thefe Wme Purgunnahs belong properly to the PcJJo-wa, bur 
 fince the Contefts for that Office, the Chiefs of Balladehr, 
 Gon^adehr, and Bijfajee, have converted the Revenues to their 
 own ufes, and not remitted any part to Poonah. IJaai and 
 Bandehr are in poffeffion of Rogamiut Roxv, who alfo held them 
 on Account of the PeJ]yzi;a, but Scindia has lately laid Claims to 
 them, and ordered Hapajee Kandoo. Row, the Bsljhah Renter to 
 take pofTeflion, but fince his flight into the Malwa Province, 
 he has confirmed the prefent Soubadar in his Government.. 
 
 1. Gohorah. 
 
 2. Loonee. 
 
 3. Gerkah. 
 
 4. Koonhifs. 
 
 5. Joorehr. 
 
 6. Oocaflee. 
 
 7. Terrawan. 
 
 * 8. Meher. 
 
 * 9. Bferfingpoore. 
 * 10. SookawaL. 
 
 11. Todepoore. 
 
 12. Seuraajepoore. 
 
 13. Damamee. 
 
 14. Callian Ghur. 
 
 All
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 279 
 
 All thefe Purgunnahs are folcly pofleffed by the Rajah, Amrood 
 Sing, and Sons of Hindooput. Thofe marked with * Herdee Saw 
 wrefted from the Rewa Rajah. Bujfant was alfo taken from 
 Terr a wan Siirky, a pet:y Rajah. 
 
 The Diamond Mnes are upon a range of Hills, fituated about 
 forty-two Cofs S3W of Cti/pee, and are called, by the Natives, 
 Bund Achill; they extend about twelve Cofs in length, and 
 about two and three in breadth ; and are divided into twenty- 
 one Diftrids, which are appropriated, as mentioned below, 
 
 1 Pirna. 6 Calleanpoore. 11 Rajepoore. 
 
 2 Gurriah. 7 Puttee. 12 Kimmerah. 
 
 3 Anwont Pockerne. 8 Reypoor. tj Guddafcah, 
 
 4 Chaunee. 9 Ettawa. 
 5. Birdee. 10 Maharajepoore. 
 
 Thefe belong to Amrood Sing, and a Son of Hindooput : In 
 the four lajl, are found the largejl and bej} Diamonds; and, it is 
 faid, one dug from the laft mentioned Mine, is the largeji in 
 the World, and is now in the poffeffion of Heemraje Chobah, with 
 the other Treafures o( Hindooputy in Ghtir Callingir. 
 
 1 Ranypoore. 3 Attoopoorah. 5 Singoopoorah. 
 
 2 Cherriapoore. 4 Merah. 6 Mujigovah. 
 
 Thefe, with two others, the Names of which I cannot learn, 
 belong to Komaun and Gomaun Sing. 
 
 The Rajahs have each the Charges of their own Mines, nor 
 does one receive any fhare of the Diamonds, which are found 
 in that of the other; each Proprietor has a Cutchery, the 
 bufinefs of which is thus conduced. Over each Mine there is 
 a Siipcrintcndant, appointed by the Rajah, who is attended by a 
 1 II Comajlahy 
 
 iNDELCUND.
 
 JSANDELCUND^ 
 12 
 
 tZo ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Gomajlah, of the Maharattas, who has however no Command, 
 and only regijlers the Stones, as they come from the Mne-, from 
 whench they are carried to the Cutchery, and inftantly prized by 
 the Merchants, to whom they are immediately fold, if the Rajah 
 and Maharattas db not chufe to keep them. 
 
 When valuation is made, and Money paid, the Raja receives 
 two thirds, and the Maharattas one, after the deduftion of the 
 reward of the Miners, which is in proportion to the fize of 
 the Stones ; regularly fixt at fo much ^ Rutty ; more, when 
 they exceed a certain weight ; fo that the people employed 
 in working (which they do at their own expence) fome time 
 make fortunes, and are after ruined. As the Mines are not 
 farmed out, it is impoffible to calculate the Revenues they 
 produce, it depending imirely upon Chance, their finding 
 the Stones, which of courfe mud vary every Year. 
 
 The Bondelas have been fo long in Connexion with the 
 Maharattas, and have agreed fo well together, that it is more 
 than probable, that they will never be brought to join with 
 us, willingly, againft their State, which would be changing 
 a certain for an uncertain Good, Serneet Sing indeed might prefer 
 being raifed to the Raaje, on any conditions we would offer, 
 to his prefent humble State, but he has no Money, and the 
 Expence of the War muft be all our own. 
 
 He did, I believe, make fome Propofals to Col. Lejlie, the 
 remembrance of which has made the Bondelas and Balladehr fo 
 jealous, that they would unite on the firfl report of our Arms 
 moving that way. The Conquejl of Bandelcund might no 
 doubt be cffeded by four Battalions. 
 
 GpODS
 
 tSi 
 
 nbatigl t from CamBodia; 7 from Ka>ig-Kow, and 
 
 IJambodla. 7fr.Kang-Kow 4fr.Palambang-. 
 
 SiNewKang-KLow. 
 ?ecuU Catty. p,,„,. Catty. P«"l- Catty. 
 
 . . Coarfe 3 • j i 
 
 16.84 
 
 > 63. • 
 
 844.15 
 
 ' i,S46'4i 
 
 292-25 
 
 450.26 
 
 • « 
 
 3-03 
 
 939.62 
 
 1,887.88 
 
 . • • 
 
 198.65 
 
 9.19 
 
 5'S5 
 58-49 
 
 55»ii 
 
 • • 
 
 215.88 
 
 • '33-33 
 
 ifcdi 185.63 
 
 14.19 
 
 5< 
 
 26 
 
 6 
 
 20 
 
 163 
 
 31 
 
 45' 
 
 82 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 359 
 
 '83 
 
 12 
 
 .82 
 
 411 
 
 .86 
 
 iSi 
 
 '5 
 
 6 
 
 .46 
 
 3*57 
 
 88. 1 
 
 4.50 
 
 1.58 
 • . 
 259.26 
 
 5.16 
 
 6.19 
 
 1 from Batavia. 
 
 Pecul. Catty. 
 
 • 2.41 
 
 • 4-7-75 
 . 31.6a 
 
 3,550 Bottles, 
 
 1,568.90 
 
 i>367-93 
 
 4.20 
 
 10.05 
 
 2d 
 
 fort 0.05 
 0.81 
 
 79.42 
 
 fort of Leaf ■ 
 after O 
 exprcilcd, 
 
 ■"(451-49 
 
 36-97 
 
 • ic«79 
 
 C II I, 
 I 
 
 . 14.10 
 
 8.59 
 
 Continued.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 C 
 
 Coosi imported at Ca/itot in 1767, in 
 
 32 Junks, viz. 9 from Pa-chuck; 9 from Cochia-China i 4 
 New Kaiig-Kozv j and i from Balavia. 
 
 from PaUmiatig; t from CamBodia; 7 from Kang-Kow, and 
 
 Aj^ala Wood . ; . . 
 
 Agaraga, or SejwteJ . . 
 
 Amboyiu-wood . • . 
 
 Arrack . . 3,550 Bottles 
 
 Bark, of abaftard fort of Rofewood for dying 
 
 Beetk-Nut 
 
 Beecha dc Mar (or Sea-Slugs) 
 
 Benjamin . 
 
 Birds-Neft 
 
 Blaok-wood 
 
 Blue, or Smalts 
 
 Bullock^s Bones 
 
 Calavanccs 
 
 Camphir, Barroos ifl and 2d fort 
 
 Canes • . . 
 
 Cardimums . 
 
 CaiBa • • • 
 
 Cakes, for waftiing hands 
 
 Cloves 
 
 and Nutmegs 
 
 Cochineal 
 Cotton 
 Dcer*s, Sinewa 
 
 Dryed Sca-Saails 
 D? Shrimps . 
 
 D? Filh 
 D? Deer's flelh 
 Dr Cow's d? . 
 Di agon's Blood 
 
 Drugs, viz. Medicinal, names unkn 
 
 Pcculs. 
 66! 
 
 407 
 
 j,300 
 
 411 
 
 .81 
 99 J 
 
 Peculs.Catty. 
 
 63-77 
 
 4»7'75 
 
 3i«6a 
 
 79.04 
 
 31,40^.09 
 
 2,684*44 
 
 11.73 
 
 30.90 
 
 6.078.95 
 
 222.56 
 
 501-57 
 
 316-96 
 
 . -90 
 
 108-97 
 567.80 
 41-41 
 
 451-49 
 60-17 
 
 6-20 
 
 1,361 .66 
 65-62 
 
 Price. Total 
 
 Tale., Dec. Tales. Dec". 
 
 30 Ip'Pecul. 2,603 -too 
 
 4 • • 1,711 • 
 
 8 . . 252.880 
 
 o.ioo|^Bottle 335 
 
 i.ioo^Pecul. 948.480 
 
 9 Junks from Pa-chuck. 9 from Cochin-China. 
 
 3 • 
 »S - 
 '7 • 
 500 
 
 30 . 
 
 1 . 
 
 1.800 
 
 400 
 
 2 • 
 35 
 
 100 
 
 400 
 
 It 
 
 40 
 
 Catty. 
 
 
 S3I 
 
 58 ;- 4,074-43 
 86 ! 
 
 45 
 
 1,694.31 4 
 
 
 Elephant's Teeth 
 
 
 K? . Hones 
 
 CHINA. 
 
 Fifli-gluc . 
 
 I 
 
 
 50.72 
 10.79 
 46.58 
 
 4' 
 
 94,306.270 
 
 67,111 
 199.410 
 
 15,450 . 
 
 12,157-900 
 
 6,676.800 
 
 501.570 
 
 570.528 
 
 320 
 
 217.940 
 19,573 
 i,035-25o 
 
 451-490 
 
 6,017 • 
 
 2,480 
 
 13,878-260 
 2,624-800 
 
 8,048-860 
 
 2,028-800 
 10-790 
 93.160 
 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 45, . 
 
 f 4-i8 
 1 36-46 
 
 182.S7 
 
 463-37 
 
 48. . 
 
 ,240.44 
 
 629.50 
 
 fmall loifoiious 
 nut ufcil in \\', 
 Icrs. ' 
 Round fmaliDfu^") 
 ike a Si.nc, uQti > 233 . 79 
 jn Medicine. J 
 
 3-53 
 
 7-8e 
 
 Pecul. Catty. 
 - '7-85 
 
 'S'946-37 
 
 . 
 
 . 9,708-13 
 
 373-78 
 
 • 
 
 210-22 
 
 . 
 
 * 
 
 . 
 
 12.71 
 
 . 
 
 8.14 
 
 1,397-90 
 
 - 
 
 • '.853-55 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 13-91 
 
 • • 
 
 . 
 
 - 50"57 
 
 • • 
 
 a 
 
 fort of 316.96 
 
 • ■ 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 15.36 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 245. 68 
 
 • 
 
 • 3'5-9J 
 
 Drugs 
 
 A Medicinal Powtler so • c j 
 
 Round (lit Drug ~ 
 
 likeaSionCjufc*.! 
 
 in Medicine 
 
 Meilicincs 
 
 J 1180.35 
 
 10.07 
 33-09 
 
 ic-79 
 30-19 
 
 a from Cambodia. 7fr.Kang-Kow 4fr.PaUmbang. 1 from Batavia. 
 
 ScKewKang-Kow. 
 
 PecuU Catty. p.^„,_ c,„y. Pecul. Catty. 
 Coarfe 3.51 
 
 41.41 
 
 7.14 
 
 498-33 
 14.64 
 
 147-41 
 
 f 80.27' 
 I 754-57 
 
 275-49 
 
 13.05 Round (lalDi 
 
 16. 84 
 S44.15 
 292-2; 
 
 939 
 
 .62 
 
 9.19 
 
 5-55 
 58.49 
 
 55.11 
 215-88 
 
 '33-33 
 
 
 likcaSronCjUfcd V 185-63 
 JO Mi-dicjne. J 
 
 '=•79 
 
 63. . 
 
 1,546.41 
 
 450 .»6 
 
 3.03 
 
 98.65 
 
 14.19 
 
 S-26 
 6.20 
 
 163.31 
 45.82 
 
 359-83 
 
 12-S2 
 
 411.86 
 
 281-15 
 
 6.46 
 
 3-57 
 
 8-59 
 
 :8S.13 
 
 4.50 
 
 1.58 
 
 259.26 
 
 5-16 
 
 Pecul. Catiy 
 
 3 
 
 4' 
 
 • 4:7 
 
 75 
 
 3' 
 
 62 
 
 3.550 B 
 
 attles 
 
 1,568 
 
 -90 
 
 '.367 
 
 •93 
 
 4 
 
 .20 
 
 10 
 
 .05 
 
 r ift fort 0*05 
 ^2d . 0.81 
 
 79.42 
 
 fort of Leaf -J 
 
 afte, Oil 1.(45,.^, 
 
 cxprcJkd. } 
 
 36-97 
 
 4D 
 
 Continued.
 
 CHINA. 
 
 s'Sa 
 
 ■ContlniicA, 
 
 Price. 
 
 Total 
 
 PccuIs.Catty. Talcs. Dec. TaIe:.Dcc'. 
 
 ORIENTAL repertory; 
 
 9 Junks from Pa-chuck, g from Cochia-China. 
 
 Peculs. Catty, Peculs. Catty. 
 
 .1- 
 
 Pieces. 
 
 <?imbouo;e , . • • 
 
 ■LinncnCIoih . . 745 ^'"cs 
 
 Long Tcpper .... 
 
 ■LoDking GlafTes . 26 Pieces 
 
 Madrafs Long Clotli 
 HaiidkcpcliieU and Palampore 
 
 Marts, Rattan and Straw . 
 
 Mother of Pearl fiiells 
 
 Nutmegs, f-li/e Cloves 
 
 Olibanum . 
 
 A fort of Paunch, and Peloiigs 
 
 Pepper .... 
 
 ]*hcarant*s Feathers • 
 
 I'lnc-applc leaves, a fort of Cloth m; 
 
 Putchuck . 
 
 Rattans . • • 
 
 Uofe-woixl 
 
 D? a baftard fort 
 
 Small pieces of wood grained lilic Rofc- 
 wood, for inccnfc 
 
 Sago . . . ■ 
 
 S:indal-wood - . . 
 
 Sapan-wood (MS Jjpan wood) 
 
 Seeds, fmall white, ufcd in Cake 
 
 Shark Fins ... 
 
 6 Pieces . 
 
 604 feathers 
 .deof,a4,3o8P. ^43*08 
 
 i,70i»92 
 
 Skins of Deer 
 
 Fifli, Cows, 
 Elephants, 
 Snalve3,&:c. 
 
 ^ Skins 
 
 93S 
 
 ckoning each Sk: 
 
 Slickl.xk 
 
 Sugar, powder 
 
 Sugar candy 
 
 Sweelmeats 
 
 Tin . 
 
 Tin Utenfils 
 
 Tinder, made of 
 
 Tortoifc-nicll 
 
 Wax 
 
 Wax Candles 
 
 Wine « 
 
 fort of wp/}, 
 
 5S.7+ 
 14.90 
 7 -5 + 
 
 4i7'4i 
 
 30 . 
 
 0.300 1?* Piece, 
 7 ^ Pccul. 
 4 each . 
 
 10 ^ Piece. 
 
 0.400 each 
 7 ^ Pecul. 
 
 1,762*^00 
 223.500 
 52.780 
 104. 
 
 29-17 
 
 China coarfe 2.26 Coarfc 
 
 21*90 
 
 12*64 
 
 t from Camhodia* ; fr.Kang-Kow 4 fr.PaUmbang. 1 from Batavii. 
 
 &NcwKang-Ro\v. 
 
 Peculi. Catty. p^^y,5_ Q Peculs. Catty. Peculs. Catty. 
 
 6*43 . 1*54 
 
 79°" • 
 2,964*800 
 2,921.940 
 
 Handkerchiefs 1 7 Piecet. 
 Falainpores 2 Pieces. 
 
 43-75 8 . . 350. . 
 
 0.400^ Piece. 46*400 
 
 ia.5oo^Pec'. 42,097* , 
 
 2 ^ 100 12*080 
 o.40o3^Piece. 9,723*200 
 42 Ip- Pccul. 3°5'340 
 6 . . 10,211.520 
 10 . 2,760.200 
 
 4 . . 14,685.320 
 
 3 • * 396-840 
 
 5 • • 61.350 
 16 . 3,256*800 
 1.500 . 10,544.970 
 2 * * 39* . 
 20 . 801*800 
 
 {Paunch 5 Pieces, 
 Pelongs 6 Pieces, 
 . . 371*83 
 
 173*26 
 276*02 
 
 Rottan 45. 
 
 Paunch 105 Pieces. 
 
 * 2.776*55 
 feathers 604 from Tai 
 
 . 243*08 
 
 • ^■9-34 
 
 3.'-?' 
 '3^ 
 
 Wood forincenfe9*50 
 
 12*27 
 
 205*55 
 
 7,029.98 
 
 19.50 
 
 14*09 
 
 . 1,875*06 , 
 
 5-59 
 Hides . 1*99 Hides 
 
 482.30 
 11*9 
 
 489.46 I f Skin. 
 
 at 9 Catty. 
 
 1,680 Bottles 
 
 9-5' 
 1,487*95 
 I. ,125. 97 
 
 3S*37 
 12,658*47 
 
 7'34 
 17*88 
 
 7*60 
 129* . 
 
 9-49 
 3'MS 
 
 5 ^ Pecul. 
 3.S00 . 
 6.500 
 8 . 
 11.400 . 
 
 '5 
 4 . 
 
 30 
 24 
 40 
 0.300 ^Bottl 
 
 5.938 • 
 
 47-5SO 
 
 5,654'2io 
 
 72,318.805 
 
 258.960 
 
 144,306*558 
 
 110.100 
 
 71*520 
 
 228. . 
 
 3,096. . 
 
 379*600 
 
 I 504. . 
 
 64*18 
 Deer . 33.84 
 
 Deer Skins 25*51 Deer, betterfort 11*60 
 Elephants 7*72 Elephants 24.96 
 
 Snake 87 Pieces. 
 Fifli i: 
 
 Powder . 40*05 Pow 
 
 Deer 
 
 40*95 
 
 3.1 
 
 62*95 
 
 0*44 
 12*42 
 
 9*51 
 
 >447 
 10,792*83 
 
 '3-84 
 
 •40 
 
 4*72 
 
 c03rre26Pieccs. 
 
 26 Piecci 
 
 {Long Cloth 2 2 Pieces 
 Palampores 1 2 
 
 _ no f Rattan 6,163 
 
 Rattan 100 RattJn 278 | Fine Straw 829 
 
 281.02 '36-4» 
 
 50*50 
 
 '. 783-53 
 
 S.42 
 
 12*27 
 
 .08 
 
 19-33 
 
 '47-93 
 
 7*27 
 4l2*Sz 
 
 1,887.80 
 20*54 
 
 20*90 
 
 333-»6 
 
 2,384*60 
 7.58 
 8*50 
 
 77.09 
 
 Hides 19. 
 
 '3 
 
 Cow 125*26 Deer 13. 
 So«otDecr97.8; Filh 9' 
 
 5*21 
 
 36.39 
 
 1,984*08 
 
 '•95 
 
 51*80 
 
 9.49 
 
 7,468. 
 
 Cow 
 
 43-75 
 
 563.24 
 
 16. 
 
 73 
 
 203.55 
 65.14 
 
 36-97 
 
 333-'4 
 3»-37 
 
 7'34 
 .7*8« 
 
 7 '9* 
 3"4S 
 
 Talcs 6o-'rt 1 76,000
 
 I Cambodia. 7 fr.Kang-Kow 4 fr.Palambang. i from Batavia. 
 
 &Ne«Kaiig-Kow. 
 Peculs. Catty, pe^uls. Catty '^®'^^'^' Catty. PccuU. Catty. 
 
 6.43 « 1«24. 
 
 4.72 
 
 50.50 
 
 2,a22«88 
 
 J9'35 
 
 5.21 
 
 3.82 
 
 coarfe26Plec«5. 
 
 . 26 Piecci 
 
 f Long Cloth 22 Pieces 
 j^ Palampores 1 2 
 
 i> .. Ti ,^. o f Rattan 6,163 
 
 . . Rattan 100 Ratttn 278 | h^^ St.aw Sag 
 
 281.02 ...... . . i36'4* 
 
 • • ■ 
 
 7.27 
 
 • « 
 
 412.82 
 
 • • 
 
 » • 
 
 .783' 53 
 
 1,887.80 
 
 8.42 
 
 20.54 
 
 I2«27 
 
 • * 
 
 C IT 
 
 i47'93 
 
 acgo 
 
 333*a6 
 
 77.09 
 
 • • 
 
 2,384.60 
 7.58 
 8.50 
 
 Hides 19.13 
 
 7.08 Cow 125.26 Deer 13.80 
 SortofDeci-97.8; Fi(h 9.32 
 
 1,984.08 
 
 1.9s 
 
 51.80 
 
 9.49 
 
 7,468.27 
 
 Cow 
 
 43" 
 
 563" 
 
 16.73 
 
 « » 
 
 203.55 
 65.14 
 
 3<^-97 
 
 333 
 
 14- 
 
 3* 
 
 •37 
 
 . 
 
 • 
 
 7 
 
 •3* 
 
 17 
 
 .8S 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 7 
 
 •9f 
 
 31 
 
 •4S
 
 CHINA. 
 
 3 
 
 the Troubles in the Country. 
 
 itavia. 
 . Catty. 
 
 8-89 
 
 a'3^ 
 
 21.44 1 
 
 B6.98 
 
 0.2I 
 
 0-33 
 0-35 
 
 M-87 
 
 T 
 
 Tot.'.l 
 
 PecuU. Catty. Piice. 
 
 342.29 C Ta'es. 
 ? 21:: bottles' . . 0,360 ^bottle 
 
 0-27 B 
 . . 4,«6B 
 
 J3«o5C 
 
 0.05 B 
 2.89 C 
 
 2-09 C 
 
 0.85 c 
 43.13 B 
 
 3 A 
 
 2339. 27- 
 
 109 A 
 
 18 A 
 
 a pieces A 
 
 304 
 
 •>3C- 
 
 
 
 tsB- 
 
 3 
 
 .68 C 
 
 (3 
 
 •67)* 
 
 I- 
 
 59 B 
 
 
 
 3SB 
 
 0.05 c 
 
 18.25 
 
 at 1,200 
 
 2?3 
 
 Tales. Dec. 
 • 7^-520 
 
 7,130.00a 
 
 C.81 B 
 (2'39iC) 
 
 i5» o' nt 20. 3^ Pecul 300.000 
 
 4196.85 .nt 18. . 75.543-30O 
 
 21.900 
 
 Cnrricd ov«r 8^,071. :,20 
 
 d in the Original. ^ J5'03 by t:ie p.nticulars. « 1.79 by the paiticulais.
 
 3 
 
 AHiim 
 Arrack & . 
 
 European Wine 
 Bifcuits 
 
 Blubber, dryect 
 Bohea Tea, <viJ€ Congo 
 Borax 
 Boxes, v:Je Sandal 
 Boots, 'Vide Shoes and Stockings 
 Branch Coral 
 Brimftonc 
 
 Broad Cloth, vide WooUea 
 Camphirc, China 
 Carpets, cinboflcd 
 Caffia 
 
 Chairs, Tables, Stools, &c 
 China ware, fine 
 
 blue, and white 
 
 (heaker's coloured 
 
 very coarfe 
 
 middling fort 
 China enamelled Cups 
 China-Root 
 Chocolate 
 Cinnabar ■ 
 
 Cinnamon 
 CUy Figures 
 Cloaths, old, for fale 
 
 old European 
 Cloth, *vide Woollen and Linnen 
 
 Long, Madrafs 
 Cloth-Cuttings 
 
 Cloves 
 
 Coffee 
 
 Congo Tea, &c. . 
 Cural, mJc Branch 
 
 Coich 
 
 Cotton Stockings, viJe Stockings 
 iDammcr .... 
 
 Pryed Blubber, 'vide Blubber 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 Goods Exported from Canton in 1767, on 24 Jtoiks. NB. Ho Jimks to Sium, on account of the T'/s.vWc/ in the Cuuutry. 
 
 9 Junks to Pa-chuck, 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 I u Bottles 
 
 . . 0.53 
 
 0.05 
 
 09 
 
 5-55 
 
 1.8S 
 
 31 .^6 
 
 0.02 
 
 243-16 
 
 O'OJ 
 
 10 P'. to Cochin-Chiaa. 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 340- '7 
 91 Bottles. 
 
 4-86 
 3-64 
 
 0-58 
 
 3 Pieces 
 
 2.07 
 
 3. o 
 518.61 
 
 S'S'54 
 
 V69 
 0.1 si 
 
 3'3+ 
 ••59 
 
 0.59 
 
 = •37 
 
 ai66.i8 
 
 1.74 
 
 18. J5 
 
 3j*'.toKang-Kow. 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 rolls aS 
 
 61 
 
 I J unk to Catnbodia. 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 04 
 
 1 Junk 10 Br.Iivia, 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 8.89 
 
 a. 31 
 
 0.54 
 
 39- '3 
 911.44 -) 
 Common 318.26 
 
 286.98 
 
 0*21 
 
 <"33 
 
 ''•35 
 
 771.87 
 
 Tot.J 
 
 PccuU. Catty. Price. 
 
 341.29 C Ta'es. 
 r 2 1 2 bottles ' . . 0,360 ^p* bottle 
 
 o.-B 
 . . 4,'*6B 
 
 13.05C 
 
 0.05 B 
 2.89 C 
 
 a.ogC 
 
 0.85 c 
 4a. .3 B 
 
 a A 
 
 109 A 
 
 iS A 
 
 2 pieces A 
 
 2339.27' 
 
 304'>3C* 
 0.15B' 
 3.68 C- 
 
 (3-''7)* 
 
 ..598 
 0.35B 
 
 c.Si B 
 (2-391 C) 
 
 i5« o' at ao. ^ Ptcul 
 4196.85 at 18. . 
 
 o-oj C 
 
 1E-2; 
 
 at i,aoo 
 
 2?3 
 
 Tales. Dec. 
 
 .(.320 
 
 7,i30.oo» 
 
 300.0.10 
 75>H3-30° 
 
 Cirriedovfr 8t, 071.^20 
 
 •202 bottles by the particulars. > 2339- by the particulars. ■ 3,4-03 by the paracuUs. ' o- t^i Ly .he particubrs. ■ 0-34 by the particulars. * omitted in the Origiual. ' ,5-03 by the particular. • , - 79 by the pattictUars.
 
 C N I N A. 
 
 z'H 
 
 China Exports, 1767, Continued. 
 
 DrycJ Fruit=, leeclifes and long-ycans 
 raifins, fi^s ;ind plumbs 
 pUimbs from Ticntfin . 
 plumbs ■ • • 
 
 dilferent kinds of plumbs and figs 
 China plumbs and figs, &c. 
 China plumbs of another for 
 
 Drugs, racJicinal 
 phyfical 
 I'hyfick 
 
 Phyfick of diircrcnt forts 
 Chjncfc phyficul 
 a Chincfc phyfical Root 
 a Chincfc phyfical Drug 
 Wanglcun, a CMncfe mciii^inalRoot 
 
 Drums, China . . . • 
 
 Earth, a fort of rcJ, for painting 
 a Ibrt of hard for pl.iiftcrs 
 
 F,ins .... 
 
 Ivory . 
 
 Figures, 'viiU Ornaments, and CLiy 
 
 Fiflilng lines, made ol a fort of guifs 
 
 Flints .... 
 
 Garlick .... 
 
 Gauze Lanthcrns . . 
 
 ftjuaie pieces painted, for 
 
 Gcnfing, Canada . • 
 
 Glafs L mlherns . . 
 
 Shades . . * 
 
 Glue .... 
 
 Gold Thread, China . 
 
 Handkerchiefs, M;idraf6 
 
 Honey .... 
 
 Ink 
 
 Ifinglafs .... 
 
 Ivory Fans, n/iJe Fans 
 
 Ivory Flower Potts, v/Vf Potts 
 
 I"ory-Toy, vuic Toy 
 
 Kangthow, &:c. Cloth 
 
 Kites, 'viJc Paper, 
 
 Kittyfols . . . • 
 
 Knives and Forks, European 
 
 9 Juuks to Pa-chuck. 
 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 27.40 
 50.95 
 0.99 
 
 616 
 
 46 
 
 15.30 
 
 o«S6 
 
 ahout 340 ^"4? 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 10 \"- loCocliin-Cluna. 
 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 3' 
 
 74 
 
 130 
 
 .63 
 
 3-77 
 
 J4-t+*-> 
 3.91 
 
 1.27 
 
 9.2+ 
 0.48 
 
 = •79 
 0-55 
 
 3S-40 
 
 35'6o 
 
 3J'". toKang-Kow. 
 Pccul!. Catty. 
 79 
 
 605 
 
 iJunUtoCjmbodii. 
 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 6-57 
 
 600 
 
 about 80 
 
 I -60 
 
 33 
 
 39 
 
 I Junk to Batavia. 
 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 ■6.08 ■ 
 
 4659 
 
 138 
 
 [3-44 
 I o» I I 
 
 •44 
 
 • I I 
 
 009 
 
 "35 
 
 0-29 
 
 Total 
 
 Peculs. Cattys. Price. TaUi. Dec. 
 
 Tales. Brought over 83,071.520 
 
 35 
 
 ..;6' 
 
 6 f 
 
 Pccul 
 
 2,175.360 
 
 15^6.04 C 
 
 24 A 
 
 17,017 
 
 9 
 
 hB 
 
 
 
 
 
 (0 
 
 •48)* 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 at 
 
 0,03c 
 
 W 
 
 Fan 
 
 1 
 
 .jB- 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 35 B 
 
 
 
 
 
 •S 
 
 >3C' 
 
 
 
 
 
 510.5:0 
 
 156 A 
 146 A* 
 
 45 A 
 
 2.27 > 
 
 •79^ 
 
 0.70 
 
 2'II 
 
 , 
 
 I A 
 
 4.50 
 
 vttle Sweetmeats 
 
 . 
 
 28.408 
 
 a. II at 430,000 3^* Pccul 907.300 
 
 23.63 C 
 
 cog J 
 
 420 . 
 20 p'. A 
 
 0,090 each 
 
 37.800 
 
 Carilcd orcT 86,7:2.490 
 
 362. §4 by the particulars. 
 
 * 1555-02^ by the particulars. 
 
 (0.48) omitted in the MS. 
 
 • 1.35 by the particulars. 
 
 * 15*30 by the particulars. 
 
 46 by the particulari.
 
 t to Batavla. 
 
 culs. Catty. 
 6.98 ' 
 o.|8 
 
 Total 
 
 .S'-i+ r 
 
 0» I I 
 
 o«o9 
 
 PecuU. Cattys. Price. Talci. Dec. 
 
 Ta'.es, Brought over 83,071.520 
 
 352. j6' at 6f?ccul . 2,175-360 
 
 24 A 
 
 17,017 
 
 15^6.02 C ' 
 
 9»24 B 
 (0.48) * 
 
 at 0,030 3^ Fan . 510.510 
 
 2.3s 
 
 : 1 
 
 » • 
 
 156 A 
 146 A' 
 
 45 A 
 
 I.15B' 
 ..35B 
 15.130* 
 
 207 C 
 
 • 
 
 2.79c 
 
 0*70 
 
 a. II . at 430,000 ^ Pecul 
 
 • 
 
 I A 
 
 4.50 
 
 viile Sweetmeats 
 
 • 
 
 28.40 B 
 
 O'oa 
 
 23.630 
 
 907.300 
 
 0.29 
 
 o«29 B 
 
 CHINA. 
 4 
 
 420 . 
 
 20 p'. A 
 
 0,090 each 
 
 . 37.800 
 
 Carried otct 86,702.490 
 
 * 15.30 by the particulars. ' 46 by the particulars.
 
 China E 
 
 ^S5 
 
 Total 
 
 Peciils. Cattjs. Price. Tales. Dcc» 
 
 Lackered Sk;ji„ ^) Talcs. Brought over 86,702.490 
 
 33-79 * 
 o.;8I5 
 
 8.17c 
 
 Lackered wa 
 
 Lamp wicks 
 
 Lapis Calam 
 
 Linen Cloth, 
 of c 
 
 veti pieces 174' 7; at o.^oo ^d' piece 
 firJ 
 
 Long Cloth, ■ 
 Long thin St; 
 Long Pepper 
 Looking glafi 
 Medicinal Dr 
 Mocha Stone! 
 Mother of Pe 
 Muik 
 Myrrh . ! 
 
 at 4. ejch 
 
 O'Oi B 
 
 o»42 C 
 3'93C 
 
 Nankeen Clot 
 
 Nankeen raw' P'"" '^"^^ at 0,300 f piece 
 
 Needles 
 
 Nutmegs . 
 
 Olibanum 
 
 Oranges, pre< 
 
 Ornaments, i 
 beafts, &c. 
 
 Falfepe 
 Palampores, j\ 
 Paper, coarfe 
 
 yellow 
 
 tinned. 
 
 Kites a 
 Pearls, falfe, .j 
 Pelong 
 
 Potts, Ivory F 
 Putchuck . 
 Quickfilver 
 Raw fijk, Na^ 
 
 * Red Wood ini 
 Rofe Malloes 
 Rofe Wood for 
 Snffron, China 
 Salt Efli . 
 Sandal Wood 
 J3 
 
 O'li B 
 o.g.fC 
 4-71 C 
 
 10.86 B 
 777. 74 B 
 
 1180.43 at s.^pccul. 
 
 1628.02' at 5.<^pecu!. 
 10.15 2 
 
 t.;5 C 
 
 3-33 ^ 
 
 5.84 at 260. ^ pecul. 
 
 o«C2 C 
 
 42.40 C 
 4.50 B 
 
 I --4 at 20. ^ PccuL 
 0.09 B 
 
 i,70o.oo» 
 
 7,700.000 
 
 588.000 
 
 7,593.300 
 
 5,901.350 
 8,135.100 
 
 1,512.400 
 
 34.8.0c 
 
 •* in ibeGenc' 
 
 particul.iH. 
 
 Carried over 119,863.440 
 * 42.45 by the particulars.
 
 5 
 
 China Exports, 1767, Continued, 
 
 Lackered Sfcrccns • 
 Lackered ware • 
 Lamp wicks 
 Lapis C;ilaminaris 
 Linen Cloth, China 
 
 of different colours 
 very coarfe, difFcrenl kinds 
 flrong; 
 
 Long Cloth, vide Cloth 
 Long thin Sticks, vidf Sticks 
 
 Long Pepper 
 
 Looking glalTes . . - . 
 
 Medicinal Drugs, 'vidc Drugs 
 Mocha Stones . . . . • 
 Mother of Peail Toys, i>ide Toys 
 
 Mulk 
 
 Myrrh 
 
 Nankeen Cloth . • . • 
 
 Nankeen raw Sitk, vUe Raw Silk 
 Needles •..•,, 
 Nutmegs ••,,,, 
 
 Olibanum 
 
 Oranges, preferred, vide Sireetmeats 
 Ornaments, (figures of men, birds, 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 9 Junks to Pa-chuck. 
 
 ioJ".toCochin-Cliina. 
 
 3J 
 
 '". to Kang-Kow. iJunktoCambodia. i Junk to Batiria. 
 
 Pecub, Catty. 
 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 
 . 
 
 4 bundles . 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 <,78 
 3'3' 
 
 12-I4 
 
 0.78 
 
 0-50 
 
 . . 144.66 
 
 • • 26*01 
 
 
 0.63 
 
 o.o5 
 
 • 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 
 0.46 
 0.27 
 
 40 
 
 bcafts, 8:c. in wood and ftone) . J 
 
 Falfc pearl and Hones made into Ornamcnti 
 Palampores, Madrafs 
 Paper, coarfe 
 
 yellow and red ... 
 
 tinned, burnt to Idols 
 
 Kites &c. for Cliildrcn 
 Pc.v)s, falfc, viJt Ornanienls 
 
 Pclong 
 
 Potts, Ivory Flower Potts 
 
 Putchuck 
 
 Quickfilvcr 
 
 Raw aik, Nankeen .... 
 * Red Wood in fmallplanks,carvcd with flowi 
 
 RofeiMalloes 
 
 Rofe Wood for ikrcens 
 
 Saffron, China 
 
 SaltFilh 
 
 Sandal Wood 
 
 Boxes .... 
 
 O'OJ 
 
 0*26 
 
 o.s8 
 10.86 
 
 73-58 
 
 O.OJ 
 
 0.64 
 0.09 
 
 80 
 
 col 
 
 3.67 
 
 O.II 
 
 0.90 
 4'« 
 
 777-7+ 
 
 436.0; 
 
 7S+-38 
 154S.3S 
 
 3.6a 
 i.go 
 
 bundle 8 pr. 
 
 42.40 
 
 27 
 
 '5 
 
 4 F 
 
 0.47 
 
 .06 
 
 iSi 
 
 Total 
 
 Pcculs. Caltys. Price. Tales. Dec. 
 
 (4 bundles -f) Talcs. Brought over 86,702.490 
 
 33-79 ■ ... . i,7oo.oo» 
 
 o.jSB ' 
 8.17C 
 
 I5,400piece! 174.75 at 0,50a ^C piece . 7,700.000 
 
 ■47 
 
 It 4. ejch 
 
 o.oi B 
 
 0.41 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 0.42 C 
 
 3-93 1; 
 
 
 42. S8 
 
 »S.3' 
 
 pieces 
 
 «42.38 at 
 
 0,300 4^ piece 
 
 • 
 
 , 
 
 , 
 
 O.II B 
 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 . 
 
 o-viC 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 4-7.0 
 10.S6B 
 
 
 • 
 
 . 
 
 • 
 
 777-74E 
 
 
 S2 A 
 
 1180.43 at 5.|^pecdl. 
 
 1628.0;' at 5.'jp'pecui. 
 10. i: 3 
 
 533.000 
 
 7,593.300 
 
 5,901.350 
 8,ia;.ioa 
 
 P- 
 
 
 I \ 
 
 6 A 
 
 ...-;C ■ 
 
 
 
 
 "43 
 
 . 
 
 3.33 c 
 
 
 
 
 5-34 
 
 • 
 
 , 5-64 at 
 
 260. ^ pccul. • 
 
 i,Jii;.400 
 
 
 
 32 A 
 
 o.ca C 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 A 
 
 42.40C' 
 
 
 
 
 4.50 
 
 • 
 
 4.50 B 
 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 '•74 at 
 
 20. ^' I'ecul. . 
 
 . 34.80c 
 
 
 
 , , 
 
 o.OQ B 
 
 
 
 Carried over 119,863.440 
 
 ■♦ In tbc General Actouni ihis Jscalltd Roj^-W^cd, ^ Om.tteJ in tht .Mo. 
 
 3^*79 by the pardcuUrs. 
 
 ^ 1625*02 by the particulars. 
 
 3>&3 by thej pinicuLiY. 
 
 4: '45 yy t\\: particularii.
 
 CHINA- 
 6 
 
 286 
 
 XlmvA. Exports, 1767, Continued. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 9 Junls toPa-chuA. 
 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 
 Shoes, viJi Stockings 
 
 Skreens, fmall (lone . . : • 
 
 iriJi alft Uckered 
 
 Snuff 
 
 Spcftjcles . . . . ■ 
 
 Spyiog Glafles . . . • • 
 
 Soap, China . . ■ • • 
 
 Sticks, long thin, with a mixture of Sandal 1 
 wood, burnt to the dead, and to Idols J 
 
 Stockings, &c. Chinefe 
 
 Silk boots 
 
 Silk llioes 
 
 Coarfc (hoes 
 
 Leather (hoes . 
 
 Co»tfe (lockings 
 
 Silk (lockings 
 
 Cotton, for Europeans 
 
 Sugar-Candy 
 
 Sweetmeats of different forts 
 
 prcfcived oranges 
 
 Talc .... 
 
 Thread, fewing . • 
 
 Tin, tnadc into utenfils • 
 
 Canifters, Potts, &-. 
 
 Tinned paper. i/zVc Paper 
 
 Tobacco, China . • 
 
 Tortoife-ihell . 
 
 boxes . 
 
 Toy, Ivory 
 
 Mother of Pearl 
 
 Tutenaguc . . • 
 
 Verdcgris .... 
 
 Vermillion ... 
 
 Wax .... 
 
 Wheat .... 
 
 Wine, European, ■vklt Arrack 
 
 AVood, coarfe for common tables, chairs. Sec. 
 
 Woollen cloth, coarfe 
 
 verj' coarfe broad cloth as failors "l 
 j:Kkprs arc in uie ot | 
 
 4 ?»«■ 
 
 1 pair 
 
 333 
 
 lybl 
 
 0.71 
 4.52 
 ..78 
 1.93 
 
 C.4 
 
 0.3 
 
 5889-77 
 
 36 
 
 coviJs 
 
 loP'. loCochln-China. 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 
 rjo pair. 
 
 J49 pair 
 
 2844 pair 
 
 320 pair 
 
 xio pair 
 1466 pair 
 
 O'OT^ 
 
 0.27 
 
 170.33 
 
 11.84 
 
 10.63 
 0.42 
 
 1.09 
 
 9868.04. 
 
 2.75 
 0.49 
 
 3 J'', to Kang-Koic. 
 Pecul.. Catty. 
 
 J07 
 
 pair 
 
 pair 
 
 36 
 
 1589 
 
 = « 
 
 COvids 
 
 63 
 
 '3 
 
 9» 
 
 I Junk to Camliodia. 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 
 »39'47 
 
 22 pair 
 S4pair 
 12 pair 
 
 0.(4 
 
 4m5 
 
 1014.99 
 
 I Junk to Eatavia. 
 Peculs. Catty. 
 
 J99 pair 
 
 930 pair 
 
 3.09 
 
 7-4 
 and Ho 
 
 incy. J 
 
 0.51 ] 
 
 0..5 
 
 5S7.4, 
 
 1.17 
 
 Total 
 
 3A 
 
 Peculs. Citty. Tiice, Tales. Dec. 
 
 T.iicE. Brougluover 119,563.440 
 
 130 pilT A 
 .lOD A 
 
 / 
 
 • 0.49 by the particulars. 
 
 * 6.97 by the p.irticular3. 
 
 5779 parr 
 
 0.07 B 
 
 0.27 B 
 643.79 »' 4- -Jf Pecul. 
 
 at 0,300 ^ Pair. 
 
 Sundaes in Talc A 1036 pieces anj pairs 
 
 Peculs. CattySi 
 D? . Peculs B . . 040. ;5 
 Dtugs . C . . 2353*39 
 
 2,;7;.i63 
 
 130 pair -A 
 
 . . 32*01 at 6. ^' Pcciil. . i9:.c6o 
 
 i = .S6C 
 . . 0.42 B 
 
 . . 5-'4B 
 
 1.09R 
 
 0.33 B 
 . . 0-34B 
 
 T A 
 
 o.tj 5 
 . i3,9;o-o3 at (-.-(cs . . i2!,aSo.i9a 
 
 1-17 C 
 . . 2-75 C 
 
 o.;2B 
 
 0.4; B ■ 
 
 36. o B 
 i88a coxijs' . at j. ^ covid . i,8?2 0:0 
 
 JJCCOO 
 
 9,6(13.000 
 
 H, 710. 448 
 
 Talcs . 2;J,SvO-'=°°
 
 y. 
 
 odia. 
 
 \7 
 
 X Junlc to Eatavia. 
 Pcculs. Catty. 
 
 Total 
 
 3A 
 
 Pcculs. Catty. Price. Tales. Dec. 
 
 Tales. Brought over 1 19,863.440 
 
 0*07 B 
 
 130 pair A 
 .lOO A 
 
 0-27 B 
 643 '79 at 4. >]f Fecul. 
 
 a,S7s.i6o 
 
 199 pair 
 
 L 5779 pwr 
 
 at 0,300 ^ Pair. , 1.733.700 
 
 ;4 
 
 530 pair . 
 
 D.Cl J 
 
 230 pair A 
 
 • 2«og "] 
 
 7.42 S 
 
 and Honey, J 
 
 • • 
 
 . • 
 
 32 •01 at 6. 3^' Pcciil. 
 
 I2.5&C 
 o«42 B 
 
 S.14B 
 
 ig:.c6a 
 
 o.^i 
 
 0..5 
 
 587. 4r 
 I • 1 7 
 
 • 1 
 
 1 A 
 
 I'OgB 
 
 
 C.3; B 
 
 
 0.34B 
 
 
 OM^B 
 
 
 . 18,950.03 
 
 at 6.400 
 
 • I • 17 s- 
 
 
 2.75 C 
 
 
 o.icB 
 
 
 0.45 B 
 
 ■ 
 
 36' o p. 
 i88i covlds ' . at J. ^ covld 
 
 I Tale A 1036 pieces anJ pairs 
 
 Pcculs. Cattys. 
 "eculs B . . 940.25 
 C . . a3S3»39 
 
 t . 
 
 121,280.19^ 
 
 i,8S2 o:a 
 
 . 750.000 
 
 . 8,603.000 
 
 15,710.448 
 
 Talcs . 272,5'^o.ooo
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 287 
 
 Imports of Junks to C h u s a » and L i m p o ; 
 Exports and Imports, to and from Japan 
 Mem. of Formosa and Tonqjjin, 1767. 
 
 Goods Imported at Ckusan by t-wo Chinefe Junks, 1767. 
 One Junk from Batavia. 
 
 
 Cloth 
 
 
 
 Long-Ells 
 
 Tin 
 
 
 Camblets 
 Hairbines 
 
 Pepper 
 Rhinoceros's Horns 
 
 
 Bird's-nefts 
 
 Beecha de Mar 
 
 
 Dragon's-Blood 
 Bird's Feathers 
 
 Agaraga, or Seaweed for eating 
 Putchuck 
 
 
 Nutmegs 
 Camphire 
 
 Elephant's Teeth 
 
 Rattans 
 
 Sandal- Wood 
 Sapan-Wood 
 
 Dryed Shrimps 
 
 Stick-T ,ack 
 
 
 One Jv.nk from 
 
 the Philiplne IJIands. 
 
 
 Sapan-Wood 
 Beecha de Mar 
 
 
 Bird's-nefts 
 
 
 Goods Imported at Limpo, by Jive Junks, 1767. 
 
 
 3"ii'o Junki from Kang-Kozv, 
 Nutmegs 
 
 One Junk from Patchuck. 
 
 
 Sapan-Wood 
 Black-Wood 
 Red-Wood, bad fort 
 
 Goods the fame as from 
 Kang-Kow. 
 
 
 Deer's Skins 
 Bird's Feathers 
 Rhinoceros's Horns 
 Elephant's Teeth 
 
 One Junk from Funk-Li. 
 
 Black-Wood 
 Camphire 
 
 
 Beetle-nut 
 Bird's-ncfts 
 
 One Junk from Palambam, 
 
 China. 
 
 Pepper 
 
 Tin 
 
 
 Cardimums 
 
 Bees Wax 
 
 7 
 
 t 
 
 i G Exports
 
 288 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Exports, of Fourieen Junhy from China to Japan, T767, 
 
 Raw-Silk 
 Wrought Silk 
 Linncn Cloth 
 
 Genfing, Canada and Tartar 
 Sugar-Candy 
 Beetle-nut 
 Sapan-Wood 
 Preferved Oranges 
 Gold Thread 
 Hides 
 I Ophium, very trifling 
 
 Putchuck 
 Agla Wood, for beads 
 
 Imports, of Fourteen Junks, from Japan. 
 
 Copper, in fmall Barrs 
 
 Lackered -ware 
 
 Beecha de Mar, very fine 
 
 Dryed Fifli 
 
 Quilts for Beds 
 
 Handkerchiefs 
 
 Copper Utenfils 
 
 Agaraga, a Seaweed 
 
 Shark's Fins, very fine 
 
 China-ware 
 
 FORMOSA. 
 
 As that part of it, to which the Junks go, is inhabited by 
 Chinefe, they carry thither only the Produdt of China, and^ 
 bring back from thence hue, Sugar, and Beetlenut. 
 
 TON Q^U I N. 
 
 There is no Trade by Ju/d's, only over-iand, and- by Boats 
 and fmall Coajlers, the Chhiefe carry thither, Divgs, a. little 
 ClI-IKJ. K*"^"* '^^'^■> and iVrtn^.wz Cloth, and the returns dixc Copper, and. 
 fine Cinnamon, worth 150 Dollars a Cattee. 
 
 8 
 
 Ani
 
 OPvIENTAL PvEPERTORY. 
 
 2S9 
 
 An Account of Goods imported, at Macao, annually. 
 
 C u 1 N A. 
 9 
 
 3,000 to 5,000 Peculs, pays 5 ^Ccnt. duty to l\it Senate 
 1,500 to 2,000 Bales. NB. Two Bales weigh 550 Cattees 
 5,000 to 7,500 Peculs 
 
 200 to 350 D? This and the following pay 8 ^ Cent. 
 
 500 to 700 D? to the Stnate 
 
 500 to 800 D? 
 3,000 to 5,000 D? 
 
 500 to 800 D? 
 
 r 1000. Chefts were imported this yeaf; 
 1 pays i6^Cheft to the Senate, and 
 100 to 175 Chells< Cbinefe, thelatter is paid_tori-o/;/;/wi^ 
 I at its being landed; as it is a prohibited 
 (, article. 
 100 to 250 Peculs. 
 250 to 350 D? 
 7,000 to io,oco Bundles. NB. 16 Bundles to the Pccul 
 350 to 500 Peculs 
 50 to 75 D? Moftly of the coarfe fort 
 £,000 to 7,500 D? 
 250 to 350 Peculs. 
 100 to 150 D? 
 
 50 to 75 D? 
 
 * 
 300 to 400 D? 
 
 250 to 350 D? 
 
 ICO to 150 D? 
 
 5 to 7 D? Daty 5 ?(^ Cent, only (an exception to' 
 
 70 Cattees the above 8 ^ Cent) 
 
 100 PecuU 
 
 75 D? 
 
 150 D? 
 
 Madrafs &Bengal goods 100 to 150 Bales 
 
 Pea lis from . 5010 75 thoufand Rupees Value 
 
 Silver, in Chefts, chiefly from Manilha, 150 to aoo Cherts,. each containing 3000 
 
 PoU.irs, p:iys 27!^ Cent, to the Scnatt 
 
 Tin 
 
 Cotton 
 
 Pepper 
 
 Wax 
 
 Cotch 
 
 Black-Wood 
 
 Sandal-Wood . 
 
 Red-Wood 
 
 Ophium . '. 
 
 Putchuck . 
 Pearl Shells 
 Rattans . . 
 Sapan-Wood 
 Eird's-nefts » 
 Beetlenut 
 Olibanum 
 Mona . . 
 
 Rofe-Malloea . 
 Shark's Fins . 
 Filh Maws 
 CaiTia . . 
 Cow Bezoar . 
 Coral . • 
 
 Elephant's Teeth 
 Spice, of forts . 
 Falfe Amber . 
 
 50 to 
 
 75 to 
 50 10 
 
 100 to 
 
 Goods-
 
 190 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Goods Exported from Macao, 1767. 
 
 Tutenague . 8,000 to ii,ooo Peculs 
 
 Sugar . . 9,000 to 14,000 D? 
 Sugar Candy . j,ooo to 7,000 D? 
 AUum . . 1,000 to i,;ooD? 
 China ware in Chefts 500 to 700 Cheftj 
 D? . in Rolls 15,000 to 20,000 Rolls 
 
 Coarfe Teas 
 Fine Teas . . 
 China Root 
 Chonchore • 
 Dammer . . 
 Lackered ware coarfe 
 Kittyfols, large 
 D? . fmall 
 
 1,500 to a, 000 Peculs 
 
 75 to lOQ D? 
 
 1,000 to 1,500 D? 
 500 to 750 D? 
 5,000 to 8,000 D? 
 . 100 Chefts 
 
 •?,ooo 
 10,000 
 
 White Copper, fine and coarfe loo Peculs 
 China Camphire loo to 150 D? 
 
 Silks 
 Velvet 
 
 2,000 to 2 
 2,000 to 2 
 
 , coo Pieces! ^i /■ 
 
 ,500 D? j """^'y ""^^ 
 
 Hartal 
 
 200 to 
 
 450 Peculs 
 
 Coloured Paper 
 
 150, 
 
 ,000 Sheets 
 
 White D? . 
 
 50, 
 
 000 D? 
 
 Mufk 
 
 7 to 
 
 9 Pcculj 
 
 jron Torches 
 
 15 
 
 ,000 
 
 Falfe Pearl 
 
 • 
 
 50 Lacks 
 
 Tinfel 
 
 50 to 
 
 70 Peculs 
 
 China Gold-Thread 
 
 • • 
 
 100 Chefts 
 
 China Toys 
 
 • • 
 
 100 D? 
 
 Gold in Shoes . 
 
 ICO to 
 
 200 Shoes 
 
 No Duties arc paid to the Striate for Gootls Exported. 
 
 C H I y J. 
 10 
 
 Of
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. igt 
 
 Of the Ranah. 
 
 Go H UD was about fifty years ago, a fmall Village, in the 
 Purgunnah of Kiltowly and Ghudah of GtrALfER, which com- 
 pofes the fouthern divifion of the Agra Soiibajhip ; the Ranah's 
 Anceftors were Zemeendars of this Village, and fomc others ; 
 but of no note, till within the laft thirty or forty years : 
 they were Jauts of the Bumrowly Tribe; and Khan become 
 a little more refpedable, was only a nick name, which took 
 its rife from one of the family who had the misfortune to be 
 blind of one eye, which is fignified in the Himioo Language 
 by the word Kaunnah ; there are two accounts of the affixing 
 this appellation, both which are equally ridiculous, but ferve 
 as proofs that the title of Ram, is not an ancient honour in the 
 Gohuid Family. 
 
 One of the Rana's anceftors, blind of one Eye, had the 
 fidelity and courage to refcue his Maftcr, a principal Rajahy 
 from the Claws of a Lion, which attacked him when hunting; 
 the Rajah, among other praifes for fuch a fervicc, obferved, 
 that though a Kounna, he was worthy to be a Ranah. 
 
 The other account is, that the Kaunnah was ploughing his 
 field, when one of the Emperors, then rcfident at Gualier, on 
 a hunting party, in the heat of the Chace outrode his attendants, 
 and left them behind at a confiderable diftance ; the Game 
 taking away acrofs the Kaumia's ground, the Emperor followed, 
 but was flopped by him, and abufed by him for injuring his 
 property ; the Emperor, amufed at the novelty of fuch 
 boldnefs, flopped to talk with him, but the rough Jaut con- 
 tinued his abufe, till the Prince's attendants came into light, 
 and even then was difrefpeftful, for which they would have 
 puniflicd him, but were ordered to deleft by the Emperor, 
 
 4 H who
 
 192 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 who praifed him for his boldncfs in defending his property, 
 obferving that though a Kaunnah he was worthy to be a 
 Ranah ; fuch are the accounts of the origin of this title, in 
 the family of the Gohud Zemeedais. 
 
 Becm Sing, paternal Uncle to the prefent Ranah, for fome 
 crime againfl the flate, was deprived of his Lands, by the 
 Imperial Aumil, the Rajah of Bhind ; after which he entered, 
 with his followers, into the fervice of B.ijeeraozv, the Maraitahy 
 and behaved fo galantly as to attraft the notice of that Chief, 
 who employed him, as bcfl acquainted with the Country, in 
 plundering the frontiers of his old Enemy, the Rajah of 
 Bhind. 
 
 On this fervice, he gave fo much fatlsfaflion to Bajeeraw^ 
 that as a reward, he reftored him to his Zemeendary, to 
 which he alfo added fome villages ; Beem Sing's firfl: care was 
 to ftrengthen the Gboes, and he accordingly fortified it as it 
 now {lands; for fome years he continued a faithful Vafllvl to 
 the Maharattas, but his acquifition of the Fort of Gualier, in 
 oppofition to their attempts to gain it, loft him their friendfliip, 
 and occafioned an enmity, which ftill fubfjfts between them and 
 his fucceflbrs. 
 
 In the reign of Ahmed Shaw, when the weaknefs of the 
 
 Empire became univerfal, and each Chief affbmed independance, 
 
 the lands round the Fort of Gualier, from the revenues of which 
 
 the Garrifon was fupported, were feized upon by the MarattaT 
 
 and different Zemeendars, the Keladar, KiJ}>-wer Ali Khan, 
 
 diftrelfed for Money to pay his Troops, and receiving no 
 
 affiftance from the Court, notwithftanding his frequently 
 
 repeated demands, found it vain to ftarve behind walls, which 
 
 Go HUD. in the end he mull be obliged to quit; the Marattas offered 
 
 him 
 z
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 293 
 
 iMm a large fum, and an ample Jaguier, to give up the Forty 
 but thefc he refufed, from a fmall remaining principle of 
 loyalty. 
 
 He thought if the Marattas got Poffeffion, that they had 
 power to keep it, againft any army the Emperor might 
 fend to retake it, but that if he furrendered it to the Gohud 
 Zemeendar, and the Einpire fhould, at a future period, be 
 fomewhat fettled, he might at any time be forced to reftore 
 it, by the Royal force. 
 
 This Idea, with an offer from Been Si>i^, to fettle a firm in 
 perpetuity upon his family, occafioned his giving up GauUer 
 to him, in preference to the Marattas, who enraged at this 
 important Fortrefs, being fnatched from their hands, by a 
 Creature of their own raifing, vowed fevere vengeance againft 
 him ; Butidl Raow led an army againft it, and the Ranab 
 Beem Slug, was flain in a fally, which he made upon the 
 Enemies Camp. 
 
 Biljoo Sing, his Brother, and Father to the Prefent Ranahy 
 fucceeded to the Zemeendary ; and fixed his refidence at 
 Gualier, but imprudently left his family at Gohud, which 
 occafioned the lofs of this important fortrefs. 
 
 The Marattas, finding they could effeft nothing againft 
 Gualier, thought the fureft way of obtaining it, would be to 
 befiege Gohued, and it was accordingly furrounded by a large 
 army, but defended with great galantry for fix months ; at 
 the end of which period, feveral practicable breaches being 
 made, the Marattas fent a mefl^age to Bcljoe Sing, that if he 
 did not immediately furrender Gw^AVr, G hoed (hould be ftormed, 
 and all the inhabitants, be put to the fword, not excepting 
 
 Hs
 
 194 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 his Wife and Family, With thefe threats was alfo fent an 
 offer of peace, and a promife, if Gualier was given up, to 
 protedl him in his Zemeendaree, to which fhould be added 
 One Hundred Villages ; Beljoo Sing, alarmed for his family, 
 accepted the terms, evacuated Gualier, of which the Murattai 
 took pofleffion, but religioufly performed the promife they 
 had made ; Rana Biljoo Sing remained in quiet pofTeflion of 
 Gohudy and its dependencies, and dying, about four years after 
 the Lofs of Gualier, was fucceeded by his eldeft fon. Portal Sing, 
 who lived only one year afterwards, and was fucceeded by his 
 brother, Chutter Sing, now on the Raajee. 
 
 The decifive afllon of Punniput, having fo much weakened 
 the Marattas, as to prevent their fupplying their poffeffions, 
 on this fide of India, properly with troops, many of the 
 tributaries (hook off their allegiance, and among thefe the 
 Raiiah, Chutter Sing, was the moft forward and fuccefsfull : 
 he drove their Tannas from Places in the Nerwar and Bhind 
 Territories, great part of which he feized from thofe Rajahs, and 
 affixed to his own. The Marattas fent various Chiefs againft 
 him, fome of whom he defeated, bribed others to quit the 
 Country without coming to adlion ; and, in (liort, he became 
 fo formidable, that the Poonah Miiiiftry judged it advifable to 
 fend againfl him a large army, which might at once crufli the 
 power he had affumed, and fettle other parts of their 
 dominions. 
 
 Rogoiiaut Raow, in 1766, entered his Country, with an army 
 of eighty thoufand Horfe, and the Ram, unable to appear 
 in the Field, took flielter in Gohud, which was furroundcd 
 foon after, by this vaft army ; The Ranah made a very gallant 
 defence, for near feven months, but all the Provifions in the 
 Gohud. place being exhaufled, at the end of that Period, he was on 
 
 the point of beging to capitulate, when, contrary to 
 4 cxpcftatioas,
 
 jOHVD. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 295 
 
 cxpedations, Roganant Row himfelf, offered, for a fum of 
 three Lacks of Rupees, to raife the Siege, and leave him 
 unmolefted in his Zemeendary ; the caufe of this extraordinary 
 clemency, was intelligence, the Chief had received irotnPoonaht 
 that his Enemies had ufurped his Authority at that place, 
 and were plotting his deftruftion, fo that he thought it neceflary 
 to return immediately to the Duckan with his Army. 
 
 The Ranah received this gracious, and unhoped for, offer, 
 with joy, paid the money and vifited Roganant Rcza, who 
 received him gracioufly, exchanged titrbands with him, a mark 
 of friendfliip, and adopted him as his fon, after which he 
 marched from Ghoed, and proceeded to the Duckan : Chulter 
 Sing, releafed from his long Blockade, and elated with Credit 
 he had acquired by refifting fo principal a Chief as Rogamut 
 RaoTv, with fo capital an Army, immediately on the Enemies 
 quitting the Country, put himfelf at the head of his Troops, 
 and laid (lege to fcveral of the fmaller Forts, in which Tannas 
 Guard had been left, thofe foon fell into his hands, the 
 Enemy being fo much alarmed at the fudden retreat of their 
 Chief, that they made but very little refiftance. 
 
 In 177 1, when the Emperor marched from Akabad to Delhi, 
 Ckutter Sing fent his Majefty a Naazer of a Lack of Rupees, 
 ' and it is faid obtained the Royal Sunnuds from his conqueft, 
 and zn Jtturngab or free gift oi \i\^ Zemeeda)y ; foon after, by 
 the interpofition of Nuzeeph Khan, he was honored with patents 
 of Nobility, and the tittle of Maha Rajah Ram, Serrce Sewa, 
 Loke Inder Chulter Sing, Bahadur Dillier Jung ; Nujeeph Khan 
 was at this time planning his defign to root out the Jauts, and 
 wiflied, for the prelenr, to make the Ranah his friend, in hopes 
 that lie would affill his ambitious views. 
 
 4 I On
 
 296 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 On the other hand the Jauts endeavoured to gain him ovei*, 
 and reprefented that his ruin muft follow theirs ; Chutter Sing 
 promifed Nuzeeph Khan to ftand neuter, but privately alTutcd 
 the Jduts with Troops, Nujeeph Khan hence became the Ranas 
 feaet Enemy, but his hands were too full for him to hnd ieilure 
 to act againft him. 
 
 In 1773, luckily for the Kana, the Vizier drove the Marrattas 
 f torn the Chuck /ah oi Eli azva, and a:ll their poffeffions North of 
 thcymviah; his fuccefs led him to entertain the Idea ofpufhing 
 his conquefts as far as the Nur!>aJuh, in profecucing which, he 
 thought the Ranah might be ferviceable ; he invited him to an 
 interview at Ettawa, where he diftinguilhed him by much 
 favor and additional honours, among which was permifTion to 
 ufe the filh in his colours, and to ride m the fringed Palaqueen : 
 in fliort Sujah ul Don-lah omitted nothing to bind him to his 
 intereft, and condefcended to adopt him for his Son, gave 
 him mufqucts for two Batallions of Sepoys, and promifed to 
 fccure him in his pofleiTions. 
 
 In return for all thefc favours, The Rana gave the Nabob, 
 a Nuzzir of one Lack and twenty thoufand Rupees, alfo a 
 promife to affift him with his whole force, in extending his 
 conquefts beyond the Nurbadah ; a Plan of operations being 
 fettled, they parted, mutually pleafed with each other, and 
 Sujah ul Dou'lah foon after fent Naun Khan to attack the Marattas, 
 on the South of the Jumna, and The Rana was defired to adt 
 in concert, but he only fent a fmall party of his troops, under 
 pretence that his own territories were in danger. Naum Khan 
 had no military abilities, and though at firft he feized many 
 places, yet he was defeated by the firfl troops fent againft him, 
 he patched up a difgraceful peace, and retreated in confufion 
 Go HUD. acrofs the Jumna. 
 
 6 This
 
 Go HUH. 
 7 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTOP.Y. 297 
 
 This happened in June 1774, and, in the following year, 
 Sujah ul Doivlab died, which put an end to further projcfts : 
 the inroads of the Gouufains, being more on their own accounts 
 than their mafters, from this period. The Rana engaged in 
 War with the Marattas rauft foon have fallen, had not 
 Colonel Lejlie's detachment drawn off his Enemies, to attend 
 to his Manoeuvres ; He thought this a fit period to attempt 
 the recovery of Gualier, and accordingly marched from GoecL 
 ^s'ith his Army and encamped about a Cofs from the Place, 
 which he endeavoured to cut off from receiving Supplies, 
 but the KellaJar, a gallant young Man, made repeated fallies 
 on his Camp, in which he was generally very unfuccefsful, 
 fo that, during five Months, The Rana was able to effedt 
 nothing, he did indeed one night furprize the Town, but 
 was obliged to retreat, a few hours after he had entered it : 
 Prior to this Siege he had concluded a treaty with Nujeeph 
 Khan, who agreed for an annual fubfidy, of five Lacks of 
 Rupees, to put him in poffeffion of Gualier, but only fent 
 five hundred Horfe to his affiftance, and they after two 
 Months, not receiving the ftated pay, quitted his Camp and 
 returned to Agra, 
 
 During this period, The RanaVs Brother, Mirjood Sing, 
 entered into Confpiracy againft him, but The Rana, having 
 timely intelligence, returned fuddenly to Gohttd, and by confining 
 the heads of the Confpiracy, and imprifoning his Brother, 
 put an end to the plot ; at the end of five Months, the Rana 
 patched up a treaty with the Marattas, and quitted his defign 
 againft Gualier, and this was the laft effort he was able to make 
 againft his Enemies. 
 
 In
 
 198 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 In the latter end 1778 an Army of Marattas, confiftlng of 
 about twelve thoiifand Horfe, and two thoufand Nargas, or 
 Facquiers, under the Chiefs Hindoo Raow Appa Phojedaar of Belfah 
 Ambajee and Ktimbut Row marched againft him ; The Rana, 
 whofe Troops, from being long in arrears, were grown 
 mutinous and difaffedted, fenfible of his inability to cope 
 with the Enemy, viewed with terror his approaching ruin, 
 but his Good Fortune once more affifted him, in pointing out 
 a Path, by following which his affairs were retrieved, and 
 acquired a fplendor unknown to him before. 
 
 MeerMuzhir Alt, a fervant of The Rana, by his correfpondance 
 at Calcuttaf obtained intelligence of the Governor's wijh to unite 
 the Forces of the different Rajas, with thofe of the Englijhy 
 againft the Marattas, in the prefent war ; He made known 
 this information to his Mafter, advifed him to afk an alliance 
 with the Englidi, and offered himfelf to go as Ambaflador, 
 and negotiate a treaty at Calcutta : The Ranah gave him the 
 neceffary credentials, as his Envoy, with power to conclude 
 El treaty, on ihe beft terms he could obtain from Government. 
 
 Meer Muzhir Alt, on his arrival at Calcutta, found the 
 difpofition of Mr. Hajlings favourable to his hopes, and he loft 
 no time in forwarding the bufinefs ; he magnified the power 
 and abilities of The Rana, reprefenting the long War, he 
 had fupported againft the Marattas, in the moft favourable 
 light, for his conduct and courage, and exaggerated on 
 the influence he had with The Rana of OJipore, the 
 Rajahs of Jodcpoor, Jeypoor^ and all the Princis whoni 
 Mr. Hajlings wifhed to unite in carrying on the War. 
 
 GoHVD. OfJAYPOOR, 
 
 i
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 299 
 
 Of J A Y P O O R. 
 
 X H E Frontier of this RajahJJiip, commences about thirty 
 Cofs Weft from Agra, and extends about fixty Cofs, Eaft and 
 Weft, and nearly as many North and South ; it is bounded 
 on the North by Stimber ; on the South by Kottah and Bandee ; 
 on the Eaft by Nujeeph Khan's Dominions ; and on the Weft, 
 by thofe of Jodepoore and Oudepoor ; the Jeypoore Princes are 
 of a Younger Branch of the Houfe of Nerwar, and the 
 Cutchewaul Tribe of Rajapoor, claiming their defcent from the 
 God Rum, who reigned * at Adjodeah, now called Oude. 
 
 Of the founding of the Rajapip of Jeypoor, and line of 
 Succeffion of the different Princes, I cannot obtain fatisfadory 
 information. It is however fufficient to obferve, that about 
 forty years ago, Rajah Jtyjing acceeded to the Raajee, and by 
 his great Abilities, raifed his Country to a moft flourifhing 
 Pitch : He was the Poltician, the Soldier, and Man of Science, 
 
 he 
 
 irPOOR. . jVIS. refigned. 
 
 I 
 
 4K
 
 300 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 he forced all the petty Ranvs and Zemeendars, into abfolute 
 fiibjeftion, and obliged the Jauts to pay him Tribute. He 
 built the City of Jeypoore, after a regular plan, and it foon 
 "became the grand mart of Commerce between the South, 
 North, and Eaftcrn provinces. He built an Obfervatory, and 
 encouraged all ftudents in AJlronomy, in which Science he was 
 a great proficient, he died in the year 1766, and was 
 fucceeded by his Son, Pertie Raaje, to whom he left a 
 moft flourifhing Territory, producing at leaft a Corore of 
 Rupees Revenue. 
 
 Pertie Raaje was attacked foon after his acceflion, by the- 
 yatit Chief, Jawahir Sing, whom he defeated, as related 
 in the Life of that Rajah ; ^ but, not being ambitious,. 
 he did not follow his Viftories by reprizal on his enemies j 
 he died about three years ago, and having no Children was 
 fucceeded by his firft Coufin, Portab Sing, a Minor, who is 
 the prefcnt Rajah. 
 
 The different Raows, and Feudal Chiefs, now difputed among 
 themfelves for the Regency of the Government, during his 
 Nonage ; and at length the old Dewan of the Rajah Jayfing, 
 who was charged with the Care of the Young Prince, and 
 beloved by the People, affumed the Title of Regent at 
 Jaypoore ; but many of the difappointed Raows, immediately 
 
 withdrew. 
 
 "J A T P O O R. 
 a 
 
 * Vide f . 308.
 
 t r p o R.. 
 3 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 301 
 
 withdrew their allegiance from the Rajah, and became 
 independent, in their feveral Governments. 
 
 The principal of thefe is Peraab Sing, the Raozv of Macheree^f 
 who is now obliged to pay a tribute to Nujeeph Khan. The 
 Rajah of Jeypoor is fuppofed to poffefs great Wealth, heaped 
 up by his Predeceffors, and the Old Drwan his Guardian; 
 who died about fix Months ago, and it was on his deceafc 
 that Nuzeeph Khan began to invade this Raaja/hip ; Rajali 
 Himmut Goufaln was detached upon this fervice, and the 
 Jeypoore Prince took into his pay, Sheck AJfaan, a confiderable 
 Chief, who on fome difguft had quitted the Army of Nuzeeph, 
 but he was flain in the firft engagement, with the Gonfains, and 
 his followers difperfed. 
 
 Since this, Mtibub AH Khan, the Eunuch, formerly Atanil of 
 Korah, has taken feveral of the Rajah's Pitrgiinnahs ; and 
 many Weeks ago Morteeza Khan Bareich had a fevere 
 Engagement with the Rajeepoots, at a place only fixteen Cofs 
 from Jaypoor, in which after lofing a great Number of his 
 men, he was Vidlorious, he himfelf, with his Brother and Sen, 
 were wounded in the Adlion. 
 
 The Rajah has requefted Peace, and a Ceflation of Hoftiliiies- 
 has taken place for the prefent, while both parties are preparing 
 for new Operations, the Rajah propofes paying rhe ufual tribute. 
 
 of
 
 301 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 of his family to the King, and Ntizeeph Khan, provided he is 
 fupported in fubjcdling his rebellious Vaflals, but as Jeypoore is 
 a Country (Irong by Nature, and has many very capital forts, 
 fuch as Rumiumbore, Kanone, Lutchmongtir &c. the Acquifition 
 of which will add great Security to Ntizeeph Khans power, 
 as well as his revenue, it is moft probably, no compofuion 
 will be accepted ; but that he will profecute his Succefs with 
 the iitnioft Vigour, and which he has the faireft profpeds 
 of making effeftual, as the only powers who can impede it, 
 are now engaged in their own difputes, too much to attend 
 to his proceedings ; fliould Nuzeeph Khan conquer Jaypoor, 
 he will then be of real and dangerous confequcnce, as, fecurc 
 on the South Weft, he will then be at leafure to improve 
 that clofe connexion he has formed with the Rohillahs, 
 cemented already by a Marriage with the Daughter of Zabtah 
 Khan., Son to the late Niizeep al Dowlah. In fliort there is 
 a power forming in the South Weft borders of our pofleflions, 
 that if not clipped now, will foar to a height truly 
 dangerous to our interefts, fhould Bengal be invaded by 
 them. 
 
 NB. Nuzeeph Khan being dead, the apprehenfion of his 
 power no longer exifts. S^ 
 
 JAYPOOR.^ 
 
 Of 
 
 4
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 503 
 
 Of the J A U T S. 
 
 JPROM the Chumbal, about twenty Cofs South of Agra, 
 Eaft to the Jumna, Weft to the Jeypoor Rajafiip, and Northward 
 to the Delhi Boundary, being about eighty Cofs in length, 
 and from twenty to twenty-five in breadth, lye the territories 
 of Nuzeeph Khan, lately wrefted by him from the Jauts, 
 from whom thefe Countries are called the Birge and Jautu-aree, 
 
 The Jauts were of no note, as a People, untill the reign 
 of the Emperor Ferokfere, but peaceable renters of fmall 
 Zemeendarys ; during the reign of the Emperor, Aurungztbc, 
 Churamana, a Jaut of the Seneennee Tribe, put himfelf at the 
 head of a Body of Banditti, and plundered fuch Travellers 
 as pafled near his Zemeendaree ; Having by this means 
 acquired money, and being generous to his followers, Idle 
 fellows of no principle, flocked to be enlifted among them; 
 fo that he became a Terror to the Country round, which, 
 from the Emperor's abfence in the Duckan, was but rather 
 loofely governed ; whenever he was hard puflied by the Troops 
 of the Auniils, He took refuge in the Nerwar Hills, flyino- 
 from place to place, till the patience of his purfuers was tired 
 our, or they were called away by other duty. 
 
 In Aurungzebes laft March towards the Duckan, Churaman 
 
 had the audacity to plunder the baggage, following the 
 
 "3 '^ ^' "^ ^' Imperial Army ; by which he acquired much Wealth ; with 
 
 I 4 L part
 
 304 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 part, he bribed the Soubadar of Agra to connivance, and with 
 the reft, built the fortrefs of Bhirtpoore, as an Afylum for 
 his family. 
 
 On the death of Aiirttngzebe, in the difputes which happened 
 concerning the fucceflion, Churaman, with his followers, hung 
 on the rears of the contending Armys, plundering from 
 both ; at length the Nabob Jooul Fucear al Dowlah, Prime 
 Minifter to the Emperor, Jchaiidar Shazv, entertained him in 
 his Service ; and he behaved with great gallantry, in the 
 Engagement between that Prince and his Rival Ferohkfere ; 
 who, however, proving victorious, Churaman loft his Court- 
 Patron, but retired with much plunder to Bhirtppor ; round 
 which, to a confiderable diftance, he had eftablilhed his 
 authority, which he enjoyed undifturbed to his Death ; the 
 Cabals of the Omrahs at Court, affording no time to retrieve 
 the internal occonomy of the Empire, which was now beginning 
 to totter on its bafe. 
 
 Churaman was fucceeded by his Son, Mahomed Sing, who at 
 firft added to his poffeflions, but was in the end obliged to 
 become tributary to Jcyftng, the founder of the City of 
 yeypoorc. Mobun Sing " was fucceeded by his Brother, Bodun 
 Sing, who firll aflumed the title of Rajah ; and during 
 the growing imbecility of Mahomed Shaw's reign, fpread his 
 Ravages to the very Walls of Jgra; He fecured his Country 
 from the tribute impofed by the Jeypoor Rajah, and left to his 
 Son and Succeffor, Sourage Mid, a very rich extenfive and 
 flouriftiing Country. 
 
 y AU 7 S. 
 
 Sooraga 
 
 • So in the MS.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 j^> 
 
 Soorage Mul modelled his Government into a proper form, 
 and procured titles from che weak. Emperor A^ahomed Shaw, 
 who, now become a mere Pageant, was forced to accept of 
 the nominal Submiffion, of thofe Rebels, who were preying 
 on the very vitals of his Authority, and only courted honors 
 from him, as a grace to their plunders. Now become an 
 Onirah, of confequence from the territories he poflefled, fo 
 near the Capital, Soorage Mul wai much carefled by the various 
 parties formed in it ; He embraced that of S'lfder Jung, the 
 Vizier, and joined him on his rebellion againft Ahmed Shaw, 
 who had degraded him from the Vizarat, for aflliirinating his 
 favourite the Nabob Bahadur, 
 
 Sufder Jung being defeated in his treafons, by the fpiritcd 
 conduti of the great, but wicked, Ghazinl Dien, and the 
 gallant Rohillah, Nuzeebul Dow/ah, retired to his own 
 government at Oude, leaving his friends to make Peace for 
 themfelves ; Soorage Mul, unable to keep the field, fled to 
 his New fortrefs of Combere, and Akebut Mahomed, the Tutor 
 and Advifcr of the Young Ghaze, ravaged his Country, with 
 a powerful army ; took Baleengur, a ftrong fort, and at length 
 fet down before Combere, againft which he was not able to 
 efFedt any thing. 
 
 Ghazeul D'len upon this took the field himfelf, and brought 
 with him an additional army of fifty thoufand Marattas, under 
 the Command of Mathar Row, and Rogonaut Rozv, whom he 
 had taken into pay; Combere was reduced to the greateft 
 extremities, when the Omrahs at Delhi, envious of the reputation 
 of Ghazeul Dien, and countenanced by the Emperor, in whofe 
 caufe he was engaged, confpired againft him ; hearing of 
 this he broke up the fiege, and haftened to Delhi, with his 
 J A U T S. whole Army, which deftroyed the Plot intended againft him. 
 
 3 Soorage
 
 3o6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Soorage Mul now foon recovered wliat Country had been 
 taken ; and except the City of Agra, The Fort of Gtialier, 
 and a few other places, feizcd moft of the Dlftrids of the 
 Soiibadaree ; In Ahmed Shaw AMa/ie's * fecond invafion 
 of Hindfljian, his Pofleffions were again overrun ; but the 
 numerous forts he had conftruded, preferved his power, and 
 admitted only of predatory incurfions, from the Durannee Army., 
 whofe only Aim was prefent Plunder. 
 
 Soon after this, a vaft Army of Marattas, after plundering 
 Molnar, Bunderabun, and Bbind, invaded Agra, and the Delhi 
 Sotibajfjip ; and it was thought had intentions of entirely 
 fubverting the Mogul Empire, and placing on the Throne, 
 Bifsnas Row, of the Bofalee Family, whom they had brought 
 from Sittarah, for that Purpofe, and to Mahavajee ^ 
 of all Hindojian. 
 
 Soorajee Mul joined the Maratta Chiefs, and was 
 treated by them with great diftinftion, but on Ahmed 
 Abdallie's marching againft them, and their fortifying 
 themfelves in Lines at Panipat, he judged it more 
 politic to take part with the Mahomedans ; who forgetting 
 all their animofities, had flocked in Crouds to Abdallie's 
 Jlandard, in order to oppofe their common Enemy; Soorage 
 Mul left the Maratta Camp, under pretence of going to 
 fecure them fupplies of grain, from his Country, but 
 no fooner had he gotten out of reach, than he wrote 
 a petition to the Emperor Abdallie, exprefling forrow 
 
 for 
 
 t A XJ T S 
 
 •^ • MS. Obdadic. 
 
 4 » So in MS.
 
 J AU TS. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 307 
 
 for his paft Errors, and requefting leave to wa(h out 
 
 the Stains of his Offences in the Blood of the Marattas, 
 under his Standard. 
 
 Ahmed Abdallie complied with the requeft, and Soorage Miil 
 joined the allied army, which foon after defeated the 
 Marattas, fo effedlually that few of them efcaped from the 
 field of Battle ; and, fo decefive was the blow, that for the 
 fucceeding ten years, the Marattas brought no Army into the 
 Province of Agra, or Delhi, with a View of fubduing for 
 themfelves. 
 
 Soorage Mid was rewarded by Abdallie with a grant of 
 the City and Soubadaree of Agra, forced from the impatient * 
 Aullungeer Sani, who had been raifed to the nominal 
 Pofleffion of the throne by Ghaziel Dien, when he depofed 
 Ahmed Shaw ; on the Shah Abdallie's departure from 
 Hindojlan, Soorage Mul raifed a very confiderable Army, 
 with a view to poflefs himfelf of Delhi, and difpoil the 
 Army " of Nujal al Dowlak, who then afted as Capr. 
 General to the Ruined Empire; being too Confident of 
 Succefs, and defpifmg his Competitor, He forgot his 
 ufual political caution, which occafioned his Ruin ; 
 Having quitted his Camp, on a hunting party, with 
 only three Hundred Attendants, He was attacked by 
 nearly the fame number in the Courfe of his diverfion, 
 under Af%ul Khan, detached for the purpofe, by Nuzeebul 
 
 Dozvlah, 
 
 * So in MS. • MS. his Army Nujal &c. 
 
 4 M
 
 3o8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Dozvldh, Soorage Mul was flain in the Skirmifli, and, 
 upon his death, his Army difperfed. 
 
 His Son Joivaher Sing, fucceeded him in the Rajif, 
 and foon after acceflion, he with Gbaztiil Dien and 
 Mulhar Row* the Marattas, led an Army again!! Belhi^ 
 to revenge the Death of his Father, this City was 
 reduced to the greateft extremities, when Nujub ul D(nvla, 
 by bribing Mcitbar Row, prevailed upon him to draw off 
 his Troops; after which Jiwahire Sing thought proper 
 to enter into a treaty. 
 
 Nuzeeb al Dcnvlah evacuated Delhi, and retired unmolefted 
 to his own Jaghier, upon which Gkaziel Dien Kban 
 again took poffeflion of the City, and Charge of the 
 Affairs of the Shadow of a Monarch, whom he fhortly 
 after affaffmated, for treating privately with the Durannee. 
 Skah. 
 
 Jcrwahir Sing next led his Army againft the territories 
 of Jeypore, the Rajah of which, named For tee Rajabi 
 fent againft him one of his Chiefs with an inferior 
 force, but of chofen Men, Jawabir Sing received a 
 total defeat, and would have been taken prifoner, but 
 for the gallant behaviour of Suniroo, the Deferter and 
 his troops, who on this occafion fliewed a Valour 
 becoming a much better caufc; the Jeypore Rajak, 
 
 looking 
 
 y A UTS, • So Id MS. q? Mathar Row» 
 
 6
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 309 
 
 looking only to the fafety of his own territories, did not 
 follow his Vidlory, fo that Jowaher Sing only fuffered 
 the dUgrace of a defeat, without lofing any part of 
 his Country; He was foon after aflaffinaced by a Mogul, 
 to whom he had offered, fome injury. 
 
 Ja-wahlr Sing was fucceeded by his Brother, Rultm 
 Sing, who did not rule long, being ftabed by a Faquir 
 whom he had taken into his Service to learn him the 
 Secret of the Philofopher's Scone, the murther was 
 committed in a lone Room, into which no one was ever 
 admitted, but the Rajah and his Ttaor, Co that the 
 aflafiin efcaped unhurt, and the fad was not difcovered until 
 fome hours afterwards. 
 
 Kijferee Sing, his Son, an infant of one year, was 
 placed upon the Mufnud, by the friend of his Father, 
 but the other Chiefs difliking a Minority, acknowledged 
 the Authority of Naxuil Sing, third Son of Soorage Mid, 
 who however took only the title of Regent for his 
 i^ephew. 
 
 Nujeeph Khan had by this time made fome progrefs 
 ill the invafion of the Country; and Newil Sing, though 
 a very able Prince, diftrafted as It was by inteftina 
 divifions, was unable to ftem the torrent of Ill-fortune; 
 After fuffering feveral defeats in the field, he took flicker 
 in the fort of Decg, where he died of a dropfy, 
 brought on by grief, while Nuzeeph Khan was befieging 
 it in the Year 1773 of our ^Era.
 
 3*o 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 J AU T S. 
 
 8 
 
 Ranjeet Svigt his brother, was raifcd to the Rajie, but 
 Daan Skaw, a difaffcdcd Chief of great power, ufurping 
 his Authority, he quitted Deeg, and retired with his 
 followers to Comberee ; the Government being thus 
 divided, JS!ujeeph Khan foon conquered the Country- 
 drove Daan Shaw from Dceg, and then marched to 
 Cetnberee; after the Capture of which place the' Jaut 
 Raaje was entirely fubverted ^ and the Rajah Ranjeet Sifig, 
 reduced to the pofleffion of the fort of Bhirtpoor and a 
 fmall diftrift round //, of about Seven Lacks ^ Annum. 
 Combere was alfo given up, with a trifling territory, 
 by Nujeepb Khan to the Widow of Jowaher Sing ; 
 the only Jaut Chief now independant is the Rajah 
 Ranah, Chutter Sing our Ally. ^ 
 
 MS. fubfiiled. 
 
 The Province
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 311 
 
 The PROVINCE of AGRA. 
 
 T. 
 
 HE Province of Agra is bounded, on the North by 
 the Ganges ; on the South by the Chundere Malwa ; on the Eaft 
 by Gomtimpore ; and on the Weft by the Soubah of Delhi; 
 the principal Rivers are the Jumna, Chambel and Coharee, 
 but fmaller Streams are very numerous ; which after watering 
 the Country, fall into one, or other, of thefe three Rivers. 
 
 Jgra, or Akberahad, is the Capital of the Province ; and 
 was long the Metropolis of this Great Empire; It fpreads 
 on both Banks of the Jumna^ and in the reign of Akber, 
 was efteemed the largeft, and by much the richeft. City in 
 the World ; the Palace, eredled here by the Emperor, 
 contained five hundred apartments, finifhed with all the 
 Elegance, India could afford : thevenot, and other old Travellers, 
 fpeak of it with admiration, as a mod compleat and imperial 
 Refidence ; that part of it, now in repair, is the Palace of 
 the Kabob Nuzeeph Khan. 
 
 The grcateft ornament to Jgra, is the Taaje Mahal, or 
 
 Maufoleian of the Begum, of the Emperor Shaw Jehani 
 
 AGRA. ^vhich was twelve years in building, and coft fifty Lacks of 
 
 I 4 N Rupees ;
 
 312 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Rupees ; the Hiftorian who writes the reign of that Emperor, 
 gives the following Accounts of it, as juft finiflied. 
 
 From a broad and well built Street, having on each fide 
 the Houfes of capital Merchants, you enter a Square 150 
 dirrecks in • length, and 100 in breadth, which is built 
 about, with two Rows '° of Shops, and two Serais ; From 
 this you pafs into another Quadrangle, 90 dirreks long, and 
 30 broad, forming the Area of two Serais ; This leads to a 
 Terrace, 80 dirreks in length, and 34 in breadth, about which 
 is convenient Stabling, and other Offices. 
 
 From this Terrace, through a very lofty fuperb Gateway;,, 
 
 you enter a Garden, which is a perfect Square of 360 dirreks i. 
 
 ornamented with Baths, Fountains, terraced walks. Ponds, &c.&c. 
 
 The Southern End looks upon the Jumna, and is taken up 
 
 by a range of very magnificent Apartments ; at the Eaftern 
 
 end of the Garden, riles a Terrace of Stone, in length 354 
 
 in breadth 141, and 16 .^//Vrf/tj high from the ground ; From 
 
 the center of this rifes another Terrace of IVhite-Marble, 
 
 being a Square of 120 dirreks, from this rifes the Maufoletim, 
 
 an odagonal Building, crowned with a Dome, and faced 
 
 with IFkite- Marble, infide and out ; on the Top of the 
 
 Dome, is a pinnacle " of Solid Gold, in the form of a Rofe, 
 
 eleven 
 
 ji G R A. 
 
 • Original fays the dirrek is a roeafure of 2 feet and 1 inch. ^ 
 » MS Flows of Shops, Qu ? R<n>.<s or Floors. J§) 
 ' The Oiiginal P/V/>;«</? obvioufly a mLftake. ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 313 
 
 eleven Guzin in height, and from the Terrace to the Top 
 of This, ineafiires 106 dirreks ; In the Center of the Building, 
 is the 'Tomb of PFhite Marble, round which is a Mofaic Pavement, 
 done in flowers, formed of fuch lively coloured Stone, as to 
 equal the mod exaft Drawing ; this Pavement is furrounded 
 by a Cage of Marble, perforated into the moft elegant Lace- 
 work, the Doors of which are two tables of fine J a/per; at 
 each Angle of the Marble Terrace is a Minaret, fifty two Dir- 
 reks high. 
 
 Fronting the Manfoleum, at the Weft end of the Garden, is 
 a fine Mofque oi red Stone, and a large Building for Purification; 
 for the Support of the Servants, Attendants on the place, as 
 Readers of the Koran, Gardeners, Sweepers, Lighters of the 
 Lamps, &c. was allotted a revenue of two Lacks of Rupees, 
 under the direftion of a Darogah, who was an Omrah of Rank, 
 and quitted the World for a religious retirement.^ 
 
 The Golden Pinnacle, the Jafper Gates, and richer Ornaments 
 of the Buildings, were taken away by the Jauts, who alfo, 
 tempted by the Beauty of the Stones, tore up part of the 
 Mofaic Pavement, but being difappointed in expectation of the 
 value of them, They defifted from farther ravages, fo that 
 the Taaje Mahal yet remains a magnificent and curious mark of 
 the fplendor of the Moguls. 
 
 Two Cofs North from j^gra, is a large Town named BunktaJ:,. 
 where the Hindoos have feveral Temples, which are held in 
 3 ^reat 
 
 JG R A.
 
 314 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 great veneration ; Twelve Cofs from Jgra is Faltepoor or 
 Sichree, y/hich. Akber adorned with a fine Mofqite, a Convent for 
 DeiveJ}:es, and fortified Palace ; clofe to the Town is a very 
 cxtcnfive Lake, on the bank, of which the above Emperor 
 eredted many Pleafiire-Houfes, and a large inclofure for fighting 
 Elephants, playing at the Chomgaum, throwing the Lance, and 
 other exercifes ; Here is alfo an inexhauftable quarry of red 
 Stone, from which are dug tables, of any length or breadth 
 required. 
 
 Biana was formerly a large City, of which there are yet fome 
 (lately Remains, as Arches, Pillars, and fome very fine fub- 
 rerraneous apartments ; the Indigo, which grows in great 
 plenty near this, is much cfteemed. Mutterah is a large town, 
 famous for its temples among the Hindoos, and is now in a very 
 flourifliing Condition, owing to the Refidence in It, of the 
 families of the principal Moguls in Niizeeph Khan's fervice. 
 
 Kennouge was formerly the Capital of the antient Hindoo 
 Empire ; and. Tradition fays, extended along the Banks of the 
 Ganges to Futteghur : of the truth of which, there is fome 
 evidence in the vafl: heaps of Bricks and Rubbifli, and the 
 Rooms fiequently difcovered under them ; but Kinnouge is at 
 prefent only a fmall Town ; and remarkable for nothing, but 
 affording the fineft rofe water and Otter in Hindojlan, next to 
 that brought from Cahul. ^ 
 
 AGRA. 
 
 • MS Cabals. 
 4 SoMi
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 315 
 
 SoMU Historical Anecdotes 
 
 of the 
 
 BOUNSLA FAMILY, of Marhattahs, 
 fince their fettling at Nagpoor, under Ruggojee. 
 
 A Family, 
 
 Ruggojee BOUNSLAH, or Buncelloy was one of thofe 
 numerous Jagyrdars, who, in the Mahrattah Dominions, hold 
 their Lands on Military tenures, He was born in a Country, 
 called Gmig Terree, near the River Gunga Gudazcrife Guddavery, 
 and was nearly related to Rajah Sabozv, and to Teivh Bye 
 his Wife. 
 
 During a Courfe of Service, he had acquired both 
 Reputation and Riches ; and, from the Command of a 
 1000 Horfe, was raifed to that of 10,000 by the Rajah, 
 who prefented him with an honorary ftandard like his own, 
 with the exclufive Priviledge of wearing it, and gave him a 
 Sunnud to Conquer the Deogurs and Chandah Countries, for 
 the Maintenance of his Troops. At this time Buckht Beillund 
 was Rajah of Deogur and Negpoor, he was of the Caft of 
 Goiind, or Goanr, was a very powerful Prince, and had always 
 worn the Enfigns of Royalty. 
 
 Ahmgeer had formerly fent Nawab Deliel Khan againfl: him, 
 who reduced him, and brought him to Dehly, when the 
 King, on his turning Mujfelman, gave him back his Country, 
 returned the Enfigns of Royalty and gave him the title of 
 Shah, as an addition to his name. 
 
 4 O Rugpjcf,
 
 J 
 
 16 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Riiggojec, not being able to make a Conqucfl: of the Countrj', 
 by open force, had made feveral predatory incurfions, carrying 
 of their Cattle and Effefts, for the pay of his Troops ; fo 
 that the Country was almoft ruined, and the inhabitants would 
 not fettle in their Villages, for fear of being annually 
 plundered. 
 
 Once he appeared with more than ordinary force, intending 
 to carry every thing before him, and with 50,000 Horfe 
 over-run the Countries of Dengue, Chandah Nagpoor while he 
 was encamped at Kaloivl, Buckht Boiliind, in defpair for the 
 fuffering lofs of his Country, forced a March to furprize him, 
 with 12,000 refolute men, who were animated with the fame 
 feelings ; he fct out, cautioning every man, who would not 
 die with him, to return ; came on them to a great Advantage, 
 and after a very fierce attack, entirely defeated them ; They 
 were perfued fix Cofs to Kundalee, where Ruggojee narrowly 
 cfcaped being made prifoner. 
 
 After this, they difcontlnued their attempts till the Death 
 of Bucki Boilliind, who left a difputed fucceflion, between 
 Akbur Shah, and Booraii Shah, who fought many Battles with 
 each other, fo that Ruggojee made an eafy conqueft. 
 
 In the Fort of Deogur, the Rajah Booran Shah fell into 
 his hands, and the Couutry of Nagpoor, being dependent on 
 it, came under fubjeftion. 
 
 Though he took full poffeflion of the whole Rawge, yet 
 
 he conducted all bufmefs in the Name of Booran Shab. 
 
 y\t continued a fort of Prifoner, but all his former ftate 
 
 ^ was preferved to him, his Colours remained in every place, 
 
 " ■" ' and he even by him colle(fled the Country. An agremeent 
 
 a was
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 317 
 
 was entered into between them, that Booran Shah fliould pay 
 him Three-fourths of the Revenue, and detain the other 
 Quarter, which flipulation exifts to this Day, and is nominally 
 put in practice. Booran Shah lived in a flate of Confinement, 
 but, during Rtiggojee's life time, he regularly got his Quarter, 
 Janojee ufed to permit it too, but ufed now and then, when 
 it accumulated, to afk it by way of Loan, which the other 
 eould not refufe. The fame farce is (till kept up, and he 
 has even been permitted to go about a hunting and diverting 
 himfelf, but not further than 10 or 12 Cofs. The fame 
 refpedt and attention is ftill paid him ; but he feems fo prudent, 
 or afraid, that he has declined many offers, from JSlizamally., 
 and from the Pajliwa, who have each endeavoured to tamper 
 with him. He is ftill in being, but very old, and has Sons 
 and Grandfons who live at Riittenpoor, but in great reftraints. 
 After feveral years, when Ruggojee had fixed his Government 
 fecretly, in Deogur, Chanah and Nagpoor, he fent Bofchar Baboo, 
 who had the Chief Command in his Army, and Ally Bye to 
 Bengal, by the Road of Chetefgiir (Thirty-fix Forts) or 
 Ri'.ttunpoor. They plundered the Country of Ruttunpoor, in 
 their Road, and paffed through the Diftrids of Rundwan Bujler, 
 Nebujievy "turkamanie and Cattack, plundering them alfo, till 
 they came into the Provinces; They praftifed this almoft 
 every year, and by their Depredations and Incurfions, the 
 Siibah of Bengal was obliged to make overture of Peace j 
 After an infideous Treaty, Bofchar, and feveral of the Sardars, 
 were invited to his Tent, and murdered ; and the Troops were 
 difperfed. 
 
 Ruggcjee aftenvards fent his two Sons, Modajee and Janojee.' 
 
 with a large force to plunder Bengal; and they carryed 
 
 ST A F^MILr °^ ^ Booty, on their Return, he fent his Son, Siih^jce, 
 
 (fometimcs called Nanajee) in the fame manner, to make 
 
 3 Depredationsj^
 
 3i8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Depredations, but none of thofe being able to eftablifli 
 themfelves, he next year marched himfelf, with about a Lack 
 of Horfe, leaving his S:>n to take care of his own Country; 
 and laid wafte the Country of Bengal, &c. taking a vaft 
 deal of Plunder and levying large Contributions. 
 
 Rtfggojce by this time, on Account of fucceffes and his 
 power, had drawn on himfelf the jealoufy of PeiJJnva, who 
 was now come to Benares, with a large Army, to perform 
 the Religious ceremonies of that place : Aliverdy Khan, 
 afraid left he fliould aflift in compleating his ruin, immediately 
 applied to him large Sums of Money, and reprefented the 
 many Ravages of Ruggojee, that if any thing was to be 
 paid, it ought to be to him, and not to the other, who 
 was but a Servant. Baba Bajeroiv hearkened to this application, 
 which was likely to make him of fo much Confequencc, 
 and joined his Troops with the Nabob's, in expelling Ruggojee, 
 from whom moft part of the plunder was retaken. He 
 therefore fled to his own Country, through the Hills by 
 way of Rewan Muckanpocr, The Rnjah of which, Adjeed 
 Slug ftopped the Paflages, and refuted admittance to him ; 
 however on pledging faith together, and his making 
 Ruggojee his Son by adoption, he permitted him to go by 
 Shagpoor, When he arrived at Ruttenpoor he attacked it, 
 and it was defended by Sirdar Sing, the Raja of the Country, 
 whofe family was of the Hoohoobunfey Cajl of Rajepoots, 
 and had poflefled this Government from very remote 
 Antiquity ; This Country, fo very convenient for his incurfions 
 into Bengal, he made it a particular point to reduce to 
 his obedience ; which after much fighting, and fome lofs 
 BoUNSLA FAMILT. he effeded ; the Rajah fubmitted and Mohim Si,ig, Riiggojces 
 adopted Son, was left with the Government ; who kept the 
 ■* Rajahs
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 315 
 
 Rajahs family in a State of Confinement, in which feveral 
 of them exift at this Time, at Ritttenpoor ; others have taken 
 protedtion with the neighbouring Rajahs, who are either 
 unable, or unwilling to fupport their pretenfions. Ruggojcr 
 made fome other attacks on Aliverdy Khan's Government, at the 
 inftigation of Alyr Hubbuba, Servant of Surfraz Khan, who fled 
 from Aliverdy, and who vowed revenge for the murder of his 
 Mafter; in the Courfe of thefe incurfions the Chout was 
 agreed upon, and afterwards the Cef.on of Cattack in lieu 
 of It : and Jamjee, for the Confideration of five Lacks, put 
 Alyr Hubbub to Death. 
 
 Ruggojee's Death happened fome time after this; he left 
 four Sons, who were born in the following Order. Modajee, 
 Janooje, Bimbajee and Sabajee. Modajee and Bimbajee were by 
 the great Ramie, who was of the Poonah family, and Jamjee and 
 Sabajee by another Wife, of not fo confiderable a Rank. 
 Modajee's mother being related to Sahaiv Rajah, and to I'arra 
 Bye, aflumed much from her condition, and by her Pride 
 difgufted Ruggojee ; whereas the Mother of Janoojee had made 
 herfelf the moft beloved. Modajee too, from the Same Circum- 
 ftances, had given fome oppofition and difguft to his Father, 
 fo that Janoojee became the Favourite, and he wifhed to leave 
 him his Heir. On his death he declared Janoojee, Rajah, and, 
 his Mother having pofleffion of all the Treafure, he by this 
 means got the Government. Modajee, during his Father's Life, 
 had the Charge of Chandah, and was abfent there ; from hence 
 he collcifted an Army to difpute the Razige with Janoojee, 
 Notwithftanding thedefedion of Pelagee Nak, and many of the 
 Sirdars, who went over to Modajee, Janoojee obtained a viftory 
 by means of Mtjeed Khan Ruhillah, oi Hujimbeg Khan, and of his 
 ■AFAMILI: '^'''^'^ Houlhold Troops. Peace was afterwards concluded 
 
 4 P betwcea
 
 320 ORIENTAL REPERTORY; 
 
 between them, and Cbandah was given to Modajee for Life. 
 Bimbajee during this, was at Sittara, with the Rajah Saboiv and 
 Tarah Bye, with whom he was nearly related by his Mother ; 
 and was greatly favoured ; Tarah Bye, at this Time, had his 
 Marriage celebrated with her own Niece ; and, on the news of 
 Ritggojee's Death, he was invefted with the Rajajhip of 
 Ruttoipoor, which he claimed as his Share of his father's 
 inheritance. 
 
 Mohun Sing, the adopted Son of Ruggojee, who was men- 
 tioned above, had continued in the Charge of thofe Countries, 
 ever fince their fii-ft conqueft, and, fortunately for Bimbajoo, had 
 died a few months before, fo that he eafily poflefled himfelf 
 of them. 
 
 This perfon had during his Government made the Countries 
 of Sumulpoor, Gangpoor, Jufpoor, Surgoojah Chuta, Nagpoor 
 and fome other, tributary to him. Bimbajee therefore fucceeded 
 to thofe appendages as well as to Ruttunpoor about the 
 Year 1768. 
 
 Modajee, notwithftanding his agreement, ftill created troubles 
 and gave difturbance to Janojee: fo that many difputes 
 happened between them, Janojee fent Mujeed Khan, who 
 invefted Chandah, which furrendercd ; and Modajee was forced to 
 come in : a Peace was again concluded, Modjee acknowledged 
 obedience to Janojee, while he gave up Chandah to him for a 
 Subfiftance, and, having no iflue of his own, adopted Modjee' s 
 Son (Ruggcjee) as his Heir ; Janoojee, in order to fecure the 
 Obedience of his Brother, kept Ruggojee always with himfelf, 
 and, as his Succeflbr, invefted him with a Drefs, fo that Modajee 
 BOUNSLJ FaMILT. remained pretty quiet at Chandah, during the remainder of his 
 
 reign. 
 6
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 321 
 
 reign. Bimbajee, though he did not interfere in the difpute, 
 yet frequently gave difturbance to Jonajee's Government, and 
 plundered his Treafurc, on the road from Cattack, as his Country 
 lay between that and Nagpoor. 
 
 Sabajee, continued always with his Brother, was ftiled his 
 Dwan, and was very Steady in his Intereft ; he had a Jaghier 
 of 50,000 Rupees a Year at Dmiwab, from Nezaw al Mulk, 
 by way of Penfion, with other allowances from Janojee. 
 
 During the Courfe of many years, Janojee had feveral Wars, 
 both with the Pejlnvah, who were now very jealous of his 
 power, and with Nizam al Mnlck, in which he had Management 
 and Addrefs enough to keep his Brother Modajee either in his 
 power, or attached to him ; Bimbajee was with him in one 
 aftion, and Modajee frequently accompanied him : in a War, 
 which fubfifted between Mahdoorow and Nizam Ally, he joined 
 the Latter, and they plundered Poonah : on their return 
 Janoojee joined his Forces with Mahdoorow's and plundered the 
 Nabob in paffing a River called near Poonah. Two 
 
 years after this the Pejlo-aiah and Nizam both attacked Janojee's 
 Country, and laid it wafte, burning Nagpoor itfeif, to the 
 ground; Janojee was not able to face them in the field, and 
 in order to rid himfelf of fuch troublcfome Neighbours, 
 marched, with all the force he could colleft, through Hills, 
 Jungles, and the moft difficult Roads, plundering every where 
 he went, towards the Capital, Poonah, where all their families 
 were depofited, and was now defcncclefs, in order to retaliate 
 on //, the difgrace his Capital had fuffered ; This obliged 
 Madharow immediately to march to its Afliftance, and to get 
 between Janoojee and Poonah, when he was but three marches 
 
 _, from It ; Janojee therefore returned through the Nizam's 
 
 Country, plundering and burning every thing that came in 
 
 - his
 
 322 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 his way, he was followed by the Pejbwah, and a peace was 
 concluded : Janojee giving the Pejhwah fome money, profefling 
 his dependance on him, and promifing his Rujlen of Troops 
 when the Government required it; little regard was paid to 
 this Treaty, for the Pejhwah was no fooner gone, than Janojee 
 difpofleffed his People of the Fort of Amnier, near to Katowl, 
 which he had taken during the war, and the Pejlnvah did not 
 chufe to take any further notice of it. Janojee, till his 
 Death, had no other Wars with the Pejhwah, he verbally 
 acknowledged a Dependance ; but when he went to Court, 
 it was with his Army, to prevent any treachery. 
 
 He raifed Contributions from the Neighbouring Countries, 
 both in Perfon, and by his Sirdars. From Berar (the Capital 
 of which is Elichpoor) the Nabob paid him the Chout of its 
 Revenue, which is 52 Lacks, and it is fixed fo till this Day. 
 
 Jannojee died in the year 1772, he had marched from Nagpoor, 
 to raife money ftom the Country of Jungterry, with Derria Bye 
 his Wife, who always went into the field with him, and rode 
 on Horfeback; Modajee, Sabajee, and Ruggojee, his Nephew 
 and adopted Son, alfo accompanied him, on hearing that 
 Alyr Mooja Khan, Rookem al Dow/ah, and Ibrahim Khan Dowlah 
 Zabit Jung were come there, with a force to colledl the Country, 
 on the part of the Nizan', he kept Derria Bye, Sabajee and 
 Ruggojee in the Fort of Akoat, and marched to oppofe them ; 
 When the two Armies were very near each other, a Peace 
 was concluded ; Janoojee foon after was fuddenly taken ill, and 
 died in two days ficknefs, as fome fay by poifon. 
 
 He delivered all the papers, Trcafure and Effefls, which were 
 
 with him, to Modajee; who, being fufpicious of the other 
 
 JjOUNSLJ FAMlir. Army, fcnt Gul Mirza Khan to Zabit Jung, with the particulars 
 
 of 
 8
 
 ^LA FaMILT. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 323 
 
 of Janojee^s Death, and his own profefiion of fricndfliip ; He 
 in return, condoled with him, and gave him afl'urances that he 
 might in fafety perform the funeral Ceremonies of his Brother, 
 which, with the Himhos, requires 12 Days : feveral of his 
 Women burned themfelves on this occafion : and amongft the 
 reft a Dancing Girl; but what makes it more extraordinary, a 
 Mujidman ; She, 'tis faid, with fume of the others, did it for 
 fear of Deryia Bye, who was of a very violent Difpofition, and 
 had vowed to Ihavc their Heads, and otherwife difhonour them, 
 if they fell within her power; after 12 days, he marched to 
 Akcat, to confole the Family; whilft Dcrria Bye, by her Intrigues, 
 in the mean time, had gained over the Army, and got 
 pofleffion of the Treafure, telling them as they loved Jan^jee, 
 to ftand by her, and flie would pay them all their Arrears ; on 
 this they all attached themfelves to her Intereft, and the whole 
 marched to Nagpoor. Here Modnjee got leave for Rurgcject 
 on pretence of feeing his Mother, to accompany him to 
 Chandah, under a promife of returning ; they remained at 
 Chandah all the Rains, and entertained Troops ; but Modajee 
 did not declare whether it was to aflert the Raage for himfelf, 
 or his Son. 
 
 Derria Bye, in the mean time, was not idle, and her 
 People, feeing the Danger, advifed her to give the Tecka to 
 Sabajee, as her Hufbands Brother, and a Perfon who would aft 
 according to her advice and inclination, which was not to be 
 expected from Modojee, or his Son, which ever of them 
 fucceeded. She approving of this, wrote to Aladhoorow, the 
 PeiJIoivah, and to Seekaram Baboo, his Dezvan, in favour of 
 Sabajee, and lent Tceps ^ fox 12 Lacks of Rupees, to back 
 
 4 Q^ her 
 
 * MS. Troops.
 
 324 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 her Application: Letters, of the fame Nature, were fent to the 
 Nizam, with Seven Lacks of Sunmidi, In confequence of which, 
 Khilluts were fent from each of thofe, and Sabajee regularly 
 invefted with the RajaJJnp; on this Madajee marched to 
 Amrazutee, where Sabajic, accompanied by Derriah Bye, met him, 
 they had each about 12,000 Men, but Sabajee had Artillery, and 
 his troops were better ; after difputing the field almoft the 
 whole Day, Modajee was defeated, and retreated 12 Cofs ; 
 Sabajee was now fettled in the Rawge, but, being foon impatient 
 of the vaft power and infolent behaviour of Derria Bye, was 
 very defirous of curbing it, and fetting himfelf free from the 
 influence which flie had in the Country, and over the Troops : 
 Her loofc behaviour alfo, fcandalized him exceedingly, and 
 when he remonftrated to her on it, or attempted to deprive 
 her of the Company of her Gallants, the mod violent Quarrels 
 and abufive language pafTcd. 
 
 On feeing an Image, fct with Jewels, (which Janojee ufed 
 to wear) on the Neck of one of her Favourites, a violent 
 Quarrel arofe ; and She made a Shift to cfcapc with her 
 Jewels to Modajee ; Indeed her influence in the Army was fo 
 great, that, it is faid, flie did, or might have done it, in 
 defiance of him, and that he was, therefore, obliged to wink 
 at the retreat ; This defeAion had like to have been the Ruin 
 of Sabajee, for by her intrigues fhe had nearly carried off his 
 whole Army, and he was obliged to divide a great part of his 
 treafurc among them, even to his Elephants, Horfes, Arms 
 and Cloaihs, to fecure their Allegiance to him. 
 
 r, . -p . ^^^ Country having an high Veneration for Janojee, his 
 
 adoption, the dying declaration, faid to be made in favour of 
 
 10 Rm^J"
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 325 
 
 Ruggojee, had a great Efied on their minds, Whilft the 
 inveftiture of Sabajee, by the PeiJJnva, and the Nizam, had alfo 
 its weight, and nearly balanced them : Such therefore, whofc 
 Interefts or Inclinations led them, favoured one Side or the 
 other; but mod remained fufpended, till they fliould fee 
 which Side got the better ; Sabaajee, on this occafion, wrote 
 to the PeiJJowa, and to the Nizam, offering them very hand- 
 fome terms for their affiftance, he reprefentetl to the Latter, 
 that they wanted to ficzc his pcrfon, and begged him to 
 march to him immediately, for which he promifcd to give 
 up the Chout of Berar ; Ibrahim Khan Doufsha was at Nermub, 
 8 Days from thence, on the part of Nizam Ally Khan; he 
 marched immediately, and in 13 Days arrived at Koranjah, 
 within 12 Cofs, with a large Army, he was joined, foon after 
 the Arrival of Ibrahim Khan, by Attaliah, with 7 or 800 
 Mahrattas, on the part of the Pefhivah Madhoorow. 
 
 Modajee, in the mean time, was not idle; for he got over 
 
 unto his Intereft Ifhmael Khan, who was the Nabob's Deputy in the 
 
 Province of Berar, at Elichpoor, who though he fent him part 
 
 of the Revenues, yet he paid Jonojee the Chout, and there was 
 
 Such a Connexion between them, that the Nabob dared not 
 
 difplace him, though he was much inclined to it; The 
 
 Nizam had long wiflied to reduce him, by dividing him from 
 
 the Maharatta Intereft, whilft IJJmiael was apprehenfive left 
 
 Sabajee, being put up by the Nizam, he ftiould be an immediate 
 
 Sacrifice. Immediately on the news of Ibrahim Khans JunElion, 
 
 Madojce marched, with Derriah Bye, towards Nagpoor, in 
 
 order to fecure part of Janojee's Trea/ure, which was depofited 
 
 . p^jiTTry. iri different Forts : but the principal was In Gur Gozoal (a Fort 
 
 on the Hills within 7 Cofs of Elichpoor) under care of Jaum 
 
 Sing 
 II
 
 BoUNSL.i Fjmilv. 
 
 12 
 
 326 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 ^ing Hazzaree, who, as well as the others, refufed to deliver 
 up his Charge, till the difpiite was determined, who fhoiild be 
 Rajab; on the Road they were joined by ljl:inael Khan, and 
 though they were piirfued clofely by Sabaji'e, and the Nabob's 
 forces, they carried off the Treajure, which was at Na^poor, 
 to Manich Durg, an inacceffible Fort on a Hill, three Cofs from 
 Chandah, where dcpofiting it, they marched on, to the Southwaid, 
 to the fort of Malore, which was under Ipviacl Khan, Where 
 finding themfelves purfued, they retreated to Elicl.poor. Here 
 finding they could not face Sahajce in the field, it was deter- 
 mined that IJ1:mael Khan fhould defend Ejichpoor, whilft 
 Modajee fhould diftrcfs them, as much as he could, in carrying 
 on the Siege. There being a great Antipathy between IJhmael 
 Khan and Ibrahim Khan, Mcer Moofa Khan Rookenal Dowlah 
 the NnvaFs Dtian, perfuaded his Mailer to fend him to accom- 
 modate Matters, and bring Ipmael in, on this Omrah's arrival, 
 IJhmael immediately applied to him, and he himfelf went into 
 the Kellah, where Terms were immediately agreed on, that he 
 fliould abandon Modajces intereft, and lliould pay a large Sum 
 to the Niza??!, but continue in poffcffion of the Country. 
 Before they marched off from this Place, intelligence came of 
 MadhooroTvs Death, which was in November 1772, and of his 
 Brother, Narrain Rozu's, acceffion to the Office of PeJJm-ah ; 
 Modajee tlierefore, finding other refources fail, went off with 
 his Son Riiggrjee, and Denlah Bye, to Court, where he met with 
 very little encouragement from Narrain Row; Sabjjee being 
 afraid that this Change might make fome difference in his 
 Tnterefl at Court, kept clofely connected with the Nabob, and, 
 accompanied by his Troops, went to vifit him, whilft the 
 Partizans of each fide carried on hoftilities againft each other, 
 both in Nagpoor and Chandah. During his Refidence with the 
 Nizam, which was for feven months, Narrain Roiu was cut 
 
 off
 
 '.A Familv. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 32/ 
 
 off, by his Uncle Ragobanv, by means of Summer Sing and Ifoof, 
 Ally Giirdee, and he was declared Tejlrwah by many of the 
 Chiefs of the Country. I fhall omit mentioning the detail of 
 the Tranfadions at Poonah, as, during the late political difputes, 
 they muft be very fufficienily treated of ; the principal events, 
 fo far as they concern this Narration, fhall only be mentioned ; 
 For many years there had been a ftrong friendfhip between 
 Ragoba and Modajee, the latter therefore attached himfelf to 
 him, and fupported his Intereft, as much as he could, 
 in hopes of his reinftating him in Nagpoor, when he was 
 fecured in the Government. Ragobaw, foon after his acccffion, 
 gave Ragojee the Ticha (mode of making him Rajah) of 
 Nagpoor, declaring that it was his right, in confequence of 
 Jamjie's will. 
 
 He fummoned all the Sardars and was joined by Tirmiik 
 Mama, with 50,000 Men, alfo by Hurry Ftirkiah, AttoUah and 
 odiers, but Hulcar and Scindiah, with fome more, did not join, 
 on pretence of the diftance. An Alliance was alfo concluded 
 between Ragoba-w and Nizam al Dowlah, to Attack Hydre Ally^ 
 and he marched from Poonah, and joined his Army with the 
 Nabob's, at Biddowr, he was accompanied by Modajee, and it 
 was an extraordinary circumftance, that Modajee, Derriah Bye 
 and Ruggojee, here met with their Competitor Sabajee, who 
 had accompanied the Nabob, (o that the two Rivals refided in 
 the fame Camp together for fometime. Ragobaw was no fooner 
 from the Ctipiml, than Gop/:a Bye, the Mother of Budhoorozv 
 and Nariain Row, begun with her intrigues to bring about his 
 fall. This Woman from her fliamclefs mode of life, had 
 
 4- E. become
 
 BOUNSLJ FAMILV' 
 14 
 
 328 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 become difagrecable to her Son, Miuihooro-w and having come 
 to pay her devotions at Allahabad and Benaras, She fixed her 
 Refidencc at tlic latter Place, either through conftraint, or Ih. 
 order to indulge her inclinations more freely. 
 
 The Marhattah Women cxpofc themfelves more than the 
 Women of the other parts of India, and the greateft of them 
 are frequently on horfeback nay fome are faid to lead Armies 
 and mix in Battle j They are aHo very prone to intrigues, and 
 not very ceremonious about the Scandal attending it ; they 
 pretend great Veneration for Gyah &c, and often come on a 
 Pilgrimage there, efpecially Widows; they hold it neceffary 
 for the entire remiffion of their Sins, to have their Heads 
 fhaved at thefe Places, a pradife I don't recolledt to ha\e 
 feen related in any of the Accounts of India, though it is 
 no lefs true; This praftife is more neceffary to thofe 
 Women, who have indulged themfelves in gallantries, and 
 they then fuppofe themfelves fully purged ; but it is done 
 under the cloak of generaj TrefpalVes, and not avowedly for. 
 this Crime. 
 
 Gapha B\e went through the ceremony of fhaving of her 
 hair, at Allahabad, and after vifiting Gyah, flie continued at 
 Benaras, either more fully to indulge her inclinations, or by 
 the pofitive orders of her fon, Madhooroiv, who was much 
 diflatisfied at her Conduft, and the Fadlions flie was continually 
 fomenting. On Narrain Row's getting the Pejlowahjhip, flie 
 returned, being certain of having great influence, from his 
 pHancy of Temper and eafmefs of difpofition, Ihe had been 
 the principal caufe of the miiunderflanding between Ra^obaw, 
 and Narrain Rnv, and was now violently incenfed againft 
 
 the
 
 A Familv. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 329 
 
 the former, for the murder of her favourite fon, with her 
 own lofs of power in confequence thereof. 
 
 Niirabi Row's Wife was, about this time, brought to Bed 
 of a Pojlhitmotts Son, and (he wrote to all the Sardars, exhorting 
 their abliorrence againft Ragobaw, for the murder o[ hi^ N ephrw ; 
 a Crime more heinous, as they were both of the facred Cajl 
 of Bramins ; and imploring their Proteftion for the fafety and 
 rights of his infant Son. 
 
 In all cafes of this Nature, there will be Parties, and Perfons 
 difaffeded to Government; Seekaram Pundit, the Purnacies, 
 who had been Dnan, and a very old, and confidential Servant, 
 both to Madboorozv and Narrain Row, joined his endeavours 
 with her. He accompanied Ragobaw, in his Campaign to the 
 Southward, and while Gapba Bye folicited the aJTiftance of the 
 Niza??!., by her Letters and advantageous offers, he was not 
 idle in forwarding her views, Sabajee, it may be fuppofed too, 
 ufed all his endeavours to ruin the Patron of his Rival Brother •, 
 the Fort of Dowlabad, being within 3 Cofs of Aiirungabad, the 
 ancient Seat of the Subahs of the Dcckan, was now in the hands 
 of the Marhattahs, but though the Capital was the Nabob's yet 
 this Fort being in the very ^ Suburbs, he would not refide 
 there; This was offered, and, with a large fum of Money, 
 was given him for abandoning Riiggojee's Intereft. Tirnmck 
 Mama, the Chief Sirdar, was alfo privy to it ; and it was 
 determined to feize Ragobaw, but he fled in the night, witli 
 his own family Troops, and with thofe of Modajee, Siinier Sing; 
 and Ifoof Ally Gandee, with a few others ; It was agreed that 
 
 the 
 
 MS. in the way Suburbs.
 
 330 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 the Nabob fhould have a Lack of Rupees, for every marching 
 day, and, 50,000 for every halting day, for Sabundy; he 
 therefore marched often llowly, with his Artillery, whilft 
 Tiimuck ^m(ncd him, with his Marhattahs; he foon overtook 
 him, but was killed himfelf in the Conflidt, after \s\i\c\\. Ragoba-xu 
 followed rout to Burbanipoor, or Brampoor; here too, 
 being purfued, Modajee fled to Elicbpoor, to his ancient friend 
 IJhmacl Khan ; and Rogabazu to the Northward, to folicit the 
 protedtion and affiftance of the powers of Hiudojlan; on their 
 flight from Biddour, Detriab Bye, afraid of loofing her valuable 
 by plunder, =* took with her the boy Ruggsjee, aijd her own 
 Troops, confifling of 7 or 8000 Men, and threw himfelf * into 
 the protedlion of the Nawab, and marched with him after 
 Ragobaw, as far as the Ntirbttdda, and from thence back to 
 Brampoor. 
 
 Derriah Bye ufed to encamp between the Nizam's Army and 
 that of the Marhattahs, which, fince the Death of Turmuck 
 Mamma, was commanded by Hurry Pundit Furkia. At this 
 place Sabajee and Ibrahim Khan reprefented to the Nabob, 
 that Derria Bye was the Caufe of all the Family difputes, 
 which never would be at an end, untill flie was delivered up, 
 with her treafure to Sabajee. The Nabob objeded, that as flie 
 was the Rannee of Jannjce, and had taken his protedion, it 
 would appear infamous to fend to attack and lieze her by force, 
 in her own camp ; where befides, (he might be joined by 
 the Marhattah Army ; but gave his confent to get hold of 
 Her by fome contrivance or other : Ibrahim Khan therefore 
 
 commenced 
 
 BOUNSLA FAMILT. 
 16 
 
 • So in the MS.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 331 
 
 commenced a Negociation with Her, to make up all matters 
 between Her and Sabajee; a day was fixed for their both, 
 coming to vide Her ; They came with a large Body of Gardees 
 (Sepoys, difciplined in our manner) and as foon as they were 
 got within the Camp, either through n)iftake, or in confequence 
 of a difcovery of their defign, they began firing on her People, 
 who were unprepared for fuch a falutation : On the firft alarm 
 fhe and Rug^ojee mounted the Horfes of the Guards, who 
 always (lands ready faddled before their Tents, and efcaped 
 to the Lines of Hurry Pundit ; while Ibrahim fulfilled his own, 
 and the Nizam's Views, in (ecunng the Treafure zndi Faliiabks : 
 The Camp too was plundered by the Soldiers, but little fell 
 to Sahajees fliare, except fome Horfes, Tents, and Elephants. 
 After the plunder, they advanced towards the Furkiah's 
 Encampment, who got ready his Troops, refufed to give up 
 Derriah Bye, and forbad their further approach ; Hurry Pundit 
 did this merely from a point of honour, for he was afraid of 
 Gapha Bye, and knew he could not protedl perfons, fo nearly 
 conneded with her enemy ; he therefore advifed Derriah Bye 
 to put herfelf, with Ragojee, into the hands of Sabajee, who in 
 return promifed them fafety and kindnefs. 
 
 The Rains now coming on, the Army was broke up, the 
 Nizam marching to his own Country, the Furkiah to Poonah ; 
 and Sabajee, with Derriah Bye and Rogpjee to Nagpoor ; on 
 the Road he befieged Akowlah, and raifed confiderable 
 Contributions from Kurunkare and Calapoor, Forts belonging 
 to Jfimael Khan, on account of the Chout, and becaufe of the 
 proteftion he offered to Modajee. 
 
 LA FAMILV. 4 S Modajee
 
 331 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Modajee remained all this time at EUchpoor, where he was 
 drove to great diftrefs, and was much relieved by the 
 Hofpitality of IJhmael Khan ; his People even flopped him 
 one day in the Buzar for Pay, and on his abufing them, 
 three Patans, who had followed his fortunes without any return, 
 fell on him, wounded him feverely in the back, cut off his 
 Thumb, and killed his Son in Law, at the expcnce of their 
 own Lives. 
 
 IJhmael aflifted him during liis Illnefs, and promifed him 
 his utmoft fupport, when the Seafon for commencing the 
 Campaign began ; Ragonat Row was now in the northern parts, 
 and received but a cool reception, from Sindiah and Hulkar, 
 the two principal Sardars in thofe Diftridls, but hearing of 
 Modajees misfortunes, he difpatched Ifoff Ally with his Gardees, 
 and fuch others as he could pick up in the way, to affift 
 him in the recovery of Nagpoor. 
 
 Ifoff Ally was reckoned a brave, and excellent Officer, and 
 
 Modajee was under the greateft obligations to him, on This, 
 
 and on many former occafions; he had diftinguifhed himfelf 
 
 by his bravery with Ragonaut Row, and now by this Zeal in 
 
 Modajee's caufe, on which he was fent, at his own inftigation, 
 
 not only from a view of reinflating Modajee, but for bringing 
 
 the profpeds of his Mafter, into a better fnuation, by the 
 
 acceffion of fo confiderable a Country, as Nagpoor, to his Intereft. 
 
 His Adlivity in preparing every thing was fuch, that Modajee 
 
 often faid, that if he ever got the Razvje it would be owing to 
 
 him, and fwore to him, that he would divide it with him ; 
 
 IJhmael Khan too exerted all his power to fend him into the 
 
 field, in the moft refpedable manner, thereby incurring the 
 
 BoUNSZA FAMILT. difpleafure of his Mafter, the Nizam, who was known to 
 
 patronize 
 18
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. ^^ 
 
 patronize the Intereft of Sabajee. After the Rains, they marched 
 to Belah, 6 Cofs from Nagpoor, where they were met by Sabajee, 
 and a vtvy compleat Vi<flory gained by the latter; 5 or 
 6,coo =» of the Enemy being killed; it was fo compleat, that 
 many paid him the Compliments on the occafion, and they 
 were purfuing the Enemy, who were difperfed on all fides» 
 Sabajee himfelf happened to be with the party which furrgunded 
 his Brother, who was attended only by about an hundred 
 followers, and, knowing Madojee by his long beard, called 
 out to fpare his Life ; as he advanced up, waving his hand 
 to fave him ; when his Elephant came almoft up to Modajee, 
 the latter levelled his piece at him, and fhot him dead on 
 the Spot. 'Its faid the only excufe given for Madojee on this 
 occafion, is, that fomebody called out : what, do you intend 
 to wear your Brother's Chains ? 
 
 The Sardars after the purfuit, coming to pay their con- 
 gratulations, found their Mafter dead, and his Brother with 
 Rjiggojee (who accompanied Sabajee in the Adion) in his 
 room. Some were for revenging Sabajce's Death, the 
 Circumftance of which infpired pity for him, and deteftation 
 for his Brother ; till Jaage Khan, the Brother of Modajee Khan, 
 a perfon of great influence, advifed them to fettle all differences, 
 by making Modajee, or his Sou, Rajah. Sabajee's body was 
 fent to Nagpoor, where his Wife, another 'i^'itce o^ Tarah Bye, 
 mounted the funeral Pile along with it. The brave Ifoff AHy 
 was found defperately wounded, among heaps of flain, when 
 
 he 
 
 A FAMILr, . ]^is. 5 or 60,000. 
 
 J9
 
 33+ ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 he had defended Modajee, and was with difficulty recovered. 
 5fl^(7/V<rV Death happened in December 1774, or January 1775, 
 His difpofitiou was extremely gentle and eafy. 
 
 Ruggoje&^wis now proclaimed Rajah, and his father tranfacled 
 all Bulinefs in his Name. He has another Son named Chimmjee ; 
 and Sabajee has a Son, fevcn or eight years old, who remained 
 at Nagpoor, with Derriah Bye, in a ftate of Confinement ; 
 Modajee was now employed, in rcftoring Order to the Government, 
 and eftabiifliing his authority, as far as was in his power; 
 but mofl Places ftood out, till he fliould get the full Confirmation 
 of the Nabob and Pejlnvah. 
 
 Bimbajae was inclined towards Modajee's party, but feeing 
 that it * was continually in Sabajee's favour, he remained quiet 
 at Ruttanpoor. If he did render him any afliftance, it was done 
 as privately as poflible, to keep it from the knowledge of the 
 other ; after Modajee's acccdion, he came to Nagpoor, In 
 April or May, ijy^y both to congratulate him, and In hopes 
 the Raage was only between the two Brothers, a large portion 
 of it might be granted to him. In the latter part of his 
 Errand, he did not find Modajee fo attentive as he wiflied, 
 but he ftlll gave him fome hopes. While Bimbajee refided 
 with his brother, another ftorra threatened the latter. Both 
 the Nizam and Regency at Poonah were highly incenfed at the 
 Death of Sabajee, the manner of which was related In much 
 more aggravating Terms than is mentioned above. The 
 Nizam In particular, had a perfonal regard for him, and was 
 highly offended, at feeing his rebellious Servant, IJhmael Khan, 
 have fo great a hand in difpofing of the Rajahjhip of Nagpoor : 
 He therefore marched againfl Modajee, and on his approach 
 the Latter retired from Nagpoor. 
 BOUNSLA FaMILT. The 
 
 20 
 
 • So in the MS.
 
 ORIENTAL P.RPERTORY. 335 
 
 The Court of Poona') too ifliied their thunders on the 
 occaflon, 1\;l they had employment eifewhere for their Troops. 
 The Nabob gave it out, that his motive for invading the 
 Country was to expell Modajee utterly ; and to fet up the 
 Son of Sabajee, as the perfon approved of, by the Pcjhwah', 
 but his real defign was to raife fome money from P.'odajee, and 
 to crufh the power of IJlomael. Modajee retreated to Katcrwl, 
 and Aimre ; and was followed by the Nabob, where, rather 
 than rifque a B.utle, he fent his Dtian, Deu-agur, or Dexicjec 
 Pundit Cbmgoriab, to negociate a peace. It was agreed that 
 a very conf.dcrable Sum, fliould be paid to the Nirim ; 
 that Afodcijee fliould abandon the Interell of IfJomael^ whilfl: 
 the Nabob fhould reduce him; and that he IliouLl deliver 
 up the ftrong Fortrefs, of Ghur Gaueab, near Ellirpocr to the 
 Nazvab, after his marching out of his Country. Thc!"e terms 
 being agreed on, he vifited the Nawab, by tlic mediation of 
 Ibrahim Khan, and continued with him fome time. Ibra'^im 
 Khan had been in the Englifh Service, and rofe to the Rank 
 of Commandant, or Subadar, but by what means he quitted 
 if, or entered into the Nabobs, my information does not 
 reach. 
 
 He commanded a largs body of Troops, difciplincd in the 
 European manner, and he had 7 or 8co Abijy'iian Slaves, 
 which he had purchafed from Sural, and trained as a body 
 of Horfe ; this perfon had rofe by degrees in the Nabob's 
 Service, by means of the Dwan, Myr Mocfah Khan Rookmi 
 all Dowlah, but (ince the latter perfon had officiated in faving 
 his Enemy, IJb?!iael Khan, at Elicbpoor from the DeR:ru(5lion 
 which he had planned for him, as related above, he bore 
 him a moft inveterate enmity ; in confequcnce of his III 
 
 4 T Offices 
 
 A Famili: 
 
 zi
 
 -•xS ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 OJ 
 
 Offices with the Nabob, Myr Moofa Khan declined much in 
 favour, fo that a plan was laid for cutting him off, which 
 was now executed at a private audience. 
 
 Ibrahim Khan having now got all power into his own hands, 
 
 and being rid of the only perfon who had patronized Ipmael 
 
 Khan, he ftimulated the Nazvab againft him, and engaged 
 
 him to take this opportunity of crufhing him ; on this 
 
 occafion Ifonf Khan reprefented to Modajee the fituation of his 
 
 Friend, and the Dilemma which perhaps his attachment to him, 
 
 had helped to bring on him, offering at the fame time to 
 
 go to his AfTiftance, which Modajee refufed, for fear of offending 
 
 the Nabob. Ifimael, being now abandoned by the only perfon 
 
 whom he had hopes from, or who was able to fupport him, 
 
 againft the force of Ibrahim Khan, determined to throw himfelf 
 
 on the Nabob's clemency ; on his arrival in Camp he was 
 
 refufed audience, unlefs by the mediation of Ibrahim Khan, 
 
 which he efteeming a difgrace to perfons of his Rank and 
 
 Family, refufed with fome indignation, faying he would not 
 
 be introduced by that Gardee ; his fall was before determined, 
 
 fo this perhaps only haftened his Fate, his encampment was 
 
 of about 1600 Men, the reft being left at Eiuhpoor, thefc 
 
 were in the night furrounded by the Nabob's troops, and the 
 
 Artillery began to play on them ; all but a very few run off 
 
 and this Patan, with about 70 of his Country-men, fallied forth 
 
 to find Ibrahim Khan, and died at the feet of his Elephant. 
 
 On this the Nawab proceeded to EUchpoor, which he took 
 
 poffeflion of, with the treafure and family of the unfortunate 
 
 Ilhmael; whilft Modajee was a tame fpeclator of thefe trafaclions. 
 
 The Nabob having gained all his ends, now marched back ; 
 BOUNSLA FjMIir. ^^^ 
 
 22
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 337 
 
 and Bimbajee proceeded with Modajee as far as Nagpoor, where 
 he took his leave about the begining of the Rains of 1775. 
 
 The Forf of Gffweab, according to agreement, was to have 
 been delivered over to the Nizam, on his Marching out of 
 the Country ; but Modajee, well knowing that it was an 
 Affair of too little Confequence to bring his Army back, at 
 fuch an immence cxpence, declined it ; nor has he yet fatisfied 
 him in this refpect. 
 
 The Nabob taking leave of Modajee, he advifed him to 
 gain the favour of Court, by the difmiflion of Tn/uph Ally, as 
 Gapha Bye had frequently wrote to him to fend her his Head, 
 Modajee had alfo Applications to the fame purpofe from this 
 enraged Woman, and was told it was the only flep to his 
 being confirmed from Court ; He reprefented the infamy 
 fuch a ftep would bring on his name, but, promifed to difmifs 
 Ti'fuph Khatij from his Service and Country ; and privately 
 agreed that Hurry Pundit might attack him, as foon as he left 
 his frontiers, on his way to join Ragobazo ; of which he 
 engaged to give proper intelligence ; on fettling Accounts 
 there was fome difputes about the Arrears and Service of 
 Tufuph, feveral Lacks were due to him, a fmall part of which 
 was paid, and Bonds were given for the Reft, his Uncle IVolley 
 Mahomud remaining behind for its Receipt. 
 
 On this rout he was Attacked by Ferkiak, and obliged to 
 
 retreat back to Modajee's Country, where he was afterwards 
 
 feized at an Entertainment, by Modajee s Orders, his whole 
 
 trcafure plundered, and he, with his Uncle, delivered to Gapha 
 
 'SLA FamIW. Bye, who blew them both from a Gun ; Whether this was to 
 
 conc'diate 
 23
 
 338 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 conciliate the favour of the Poonah Court, or to get rid of the 
 Debts due to this Officer, and to feize his treafurc, it miift 
 be acknowledged to be a mofl ungenerous, ungratefu! and 
 bafc tranfadion, confidering his great Attachment, and cuiinent 
 Service, with the obligations he laid under to him ; confidering 
 the vaft dependence Ragobazv had on him, he immediately 
 after this bufinefs received the Teekah from the Pejhvoah, as the 
 Reward of this Service, and was received into great favor, 
 but can never be reconciled to Ragonat Rozv for having fo 
 eifeiflually difappointed the Hopes which he had formed in 
 placing him on the Rauge, and who, after he had exerted 
 every Share of the fmalleft remains of his power to put him 
 up in his Country, in order that it might prove an Afylum to 
 himfelf, or a Step to his further grandeur, thus fliamefully 
 abandoned his Intereft, and went over to that of his Enemy. 
 Above all, how can Ragonat be reconciled to the treatment of 
 Jufuph^Ally, a Man attached and tied to him by their mutual 
 Intereft, and \\hofe abilities and Courage he had the greateft 
 dependence on, a Perfon whom he had fent to his afliftance, 
 whom he had intrufted to his care, and whohadjuft fo eminently 
 diftinguidied himfelf in his Caufe ; and might be faid to have 
 put him on the Rawge, thus tamely to fell him into the hands 
 of his implaccable Enemies, merely to gain their favour, at a 
 time when he was under no apprehenfions from them, and 
 when his fears of the Nizam were fo far eafed, and he was 
 fo little ftudious of keeping on terms with him, that he refufed 
 giving up the Fort of Ga-oueab according to the treaty. 
 
 In the latter end of 1775 Bimbajee again went on a villt to 
 
 his Brother, at the celebration of the Marriage of Rn-ggojee^ 
 
 i^OUNSLA FaMILT. who vvas then about his 1 7th Year. During his ftay there, 
 
 which 
 
 24
 
 25 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 339 
 
 which was many monihs, he had continually folicited his 
 difmiflion, and was fo ofun put oiT with frivolous excufes, that he 
 had apprehenfions about his libsrt}-. Modajcc's behaviour and 
 propofals alfo gave him fome alarm, he obliged him to five 
 him five Guns, which he had in Ruttunpoor, and a/!ved him 
 to adopt Chimnageey his Second Son^ as his Heir, in prejudice 
 to his own Son, who was by a Woman of another Caft ; he 
 alfo feveral times, between jeft and earnefl, propofed to him 
 to give up Ruttunporr ^c. to Chimnagee, and to come and refide 
 at Chandah, which he v.oii'.d give him in exchange; well 
 knowing that Place being fo long his, he fliould have him 
 compleatly in his power, while thofe remote and independent 
 Diftrids would be fecured to him by his Son ; all thefe made 
 Bimbagee very uneafy in his prefent fituation, and 'tis even faid 
 he came away without leave, and got out of Modajee's power, 
 before he could prevent him, Modajee has not fince received any 
 moleftation, either from abroad, or at home, but his paffionate 
 and fanguinary Temper, makes him generally difliked in the 
 Country, and his deceitful behaviour has caufed him to be lefs 
 trufted by his Neighbours. In his f:\mily the feeds of difcontent 
 remain. 
 
 Dentah Bye, impatient of the circumfcribed power which 
 (he now is confined to, has been intriguing with the Nizam, 
 (who profefles himfelf her Patron ;) with Poonah ; with his 
 own Son Ruggogee; and with many of the Chiefs of the 
 Country, who, venerating the Memory of Jauojee, are much 
 at her devotion ; and wi(h to fee her better provided for : 
 She is now very narrowly watched, as well as Sabajee's Son, 
 whom Ihe has taken to live with her, and all her Letters and 
 Correfpondence carefully examined. 
 
 4 U She
 
 340 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 She has attached herfelf much to Young Ritggogee, whom 
 (he calls her Son, and there does not feem much cordiality 
 between him and the Father. He little brooks the aufterity of 
 Modagee, who on feveral occafions has thwarted him in his 
 inclinations, with fuch Petulance as gave him difguft. Once 
 when he gave part of his Drefs to a favourite, the Father 
 ordered it to be returned, faying that it was taking on himfclf. 
 the State of Rajah to give Khillats. Many of the Chiefs think 
 he has the abfoliite right to the Raage, but the Father conti- 
 nually aflerts that he conquered It, and that it is his, by the. 
 right of his fword. 
 
 Bhnhagee, from the nature of his laft departure and treatment: 
 vhile at Nagpoor, not fuppofing that he had much to cxpedl 
 from Madojee's friendfliip, has endeavoured to fupport himfelf 
 as much as poflible againfl: his Attempts ; he therefore fent one. 
 Raiban, a very confidential Servant of his, to negociate for. 
 him sxPoonah; and did not fcruple to fay, that he ought to 
 have the half of the Raage with Madojce ; this perfon was dif- 
 covered by Ruggojee and Dewajee Duan (who were both then 
 there) to have feveral private convcrfations with fome of the 
 principal people, which, being communicated to Modajee, in- 
 flamed his Sufpicions much againfl: his Brother. He, fince that,, 
 has feveral times been invited to go to I<lagpoor, but as often 
 declined it; and their mifunderftanding proceeded to fuch a. 
 length, that Modajee, on pretence of going to worfliip at 
 Bamtigin, May 1777, marched fuddenly to the frontiers of 
 Rutiunpoor. Tiirwal Sing, the Rajah of Dumdah, immediately 
 colle<ftcd his People, and' fent off his efieds towards our 
 Countries ; Madojee, inftead of proceeding further, fent Nurrejee 
 Jflckuk, to perfuade him to come, telling him he only came to 
 BoUNSLA FJMILr, nie.c.t him, as he had expeded him, and that they would go- 
 
 togetherr 
 26
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 341 
 
 together againft Mundlah, at the fame time endeavouring to 
 bully him into his Views. Bimbagee had Jackuk delayed on 
 the Road, by the Dumdah Rajah, he alfo deferred giving him' 
 Audience for many Days, while he collected the forces of this 
 Country, put his Place in a pofture of defence, and made 
 ready to fend off his EffeAs ; this was intended to gain time, 
 and alfo to fhew the Ambaflador that he was prepared for him. 
 Jackuk returned without effeft, and Gul Mizza Khan and Shah 
 Mahamud Khan came and had no better fuccefs, in bringing 
 about an Interview ; as Bimbajee was difTuaded from it by 
 Derriah Bye, by Devsagur, the Dev.an, and by feveral of the 
 principal people about Modajee, fome fay by Ruggojee himfelf. 
 During all this my people were with Bimbagee, and care was 
 taken to boaft of the Conneclions and Friendfliip which he had 
 with the EngliJJ}, threatening to bring them even to Nagpoor. 
 Modagee feeing thefe preparations, and fearing to bring himfelf 
 into further trouble, as the Rains were now coming on, 
 thought proper to go back again ; however he ftill continues 
 his injuniflions, and invitations to Bimbajee to come to him ; 
 which the other is determined never to comply with, but to 
 evade, on one pretence or other. It was juft before the departure 
 of my people from Ruttunpoor, that Bimbajee had fcnt on his 
 Tent, and had Encamped out of the Town, to march to 
 Bujlitf, in order to afford an excufe for his non-attendance, 
 and to be further out of the way of Modajee, fhould he 
 pay him a vifit, as was expeded. At parting he told them 
 that if Modagee attacked him, he would fend people to me 
 immediately, and his retreat, if he was- preffed, fliould be 
 towards us. 
 
 ^ FaMILT. The 
 
 27
 
 BOUNSLJ FjMILr. 
 z8 
 
 344 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The foregoing Anecdotes were colledted from many different per- 
 fons (during a long refidence on their frontiers) mod of them fenc 
 at the Writer's Expence, expreffly for the piirpofe, he therefore 
 cannot vouch for the truth of them, but can only anfwer, that 
 he has taken as much pains, as his Situation afforded him, of 
 comparing the various relations, and feparating the many 
 fables, which Travellers take the priviledgc of mixing with their 
 accounts of diftant Countries. The little knowledge, which 
 he has obferved, that Europeans in general have of the 
 political State, or the Hijlory of thofe Inland Countries, and 
 particularly of Nagpoor ; and above all the prefent Crifis of 
 our affairs, touching the Marbattah Government, has made him 
 venture to throw together thofe Materials ; feveral of the Cir- 
 cumftances may be wrong, but they are faithfully related by 
 him, as far as he could learn. If, on fome future Opportunity, 
 he fliould receive better Lights, he will make no fcruple to 
 retrench and corred them. 
 
 ^OOc^ 
 
 Account
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 343 
 
 ACCOUNT of the Lojs of NEGRAIS. 
 
 It will be neceflary, by way of Introdudion, to mention that 
 it having been determined to withdraw the Settlement at Negrais, 
 except 3 or 4 people to take care of the Teak Timbers that had 
 been colleftcd there, and to fecure the right of poffeflion, in 
 cafe it might afterwards be thought proper to refettle at that 
 Place. Capt. Newtnn proceeded accordingly to Bengal, where 
 he arrived 14th of May 1759, with 35 Europeans, and 
 70 Black People. 
 
 On 30th of July 1 759. The adminiftration at Bengal thought 
 proper to accept of Captain William Henry Southby's offer to go to 
 Negrais, to take care of the Teak Timbers, and accordingly 
 difpatched the Victoria Snow, Capt. Walter Alves, to carry Mr. 
 Southhy to the Negrais. 
 
 Capt. Alves returned to Bengal in November, and gave the 
 following 
 
 Account of the Settlement at Negrais, being cut off. 
 
 ** On our paflage to Negrais, on the 2 ad. September, in the 
 Latitude of 13? 30'N, about 30 leagues from the Coafl: of 
 Choromandel, in a violent gale of wind from the SW, we were 
 obliged, for the prefervation of our Lives, and fafety of the 
 Honourable Company's Veflel, to cut away our Main Mart, 
 main yard, with the fail to it, the Maintopmaft, and our lee 
 anchor ; we had got down both Topfail yards, and the fpritfail 
 yard, on deck ; but when the main mart fell over the fide, 
 fome ropes got foul of the Topfail and fpritfail yards, in fuch 
 a manner, that not being able to clear them, and the mafl 
 131 4 X thumping 
 
 and PEGU.
 
 344 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 thumping along fide, for fear of bilging on it, we were 
 obliged to throw them all overboard ; at that time the fea 
 broke all over us, and, when flie got before it, we were 
 pooped by a very large Sea, which drove in the dead lights in 
 the Cabin window, and (hipt a great deal of water in the 
 Cabin; all which run down into the hold, and rauft have 
 done a great deal of damage to the cargo there, we had feveral 
 other Seas that broke on us ; One in particular that filled the 
 Deck, fore and aft, and unhung one of the Cabin Doors, 
 which were (hut, and a great quantity of water run into the 
 Cabin and fo down into the Hold ; when we had made Cape 
 Negrais, our fore yard, which was the only yard we had left, 
 broke in a fquall, in a Place where it was bad ; and the 
 morning of the 21 ft of September, in the beginning of the 
 Gale of Wind, our boat, which we were obliged to tow aftern, 
 as we were fo crank we could not hoift her in, filled with a 
 Sea, fo were obliged to cut it away : On the 4th October we 
 got into Negrais Harbour where we found the Shaftsbury, Europe 
 Ship, Capt. Ing/is. In the Evening Mr.Southby went afhoar, and 
 on the 5th, and on the 6th in the morning, fent for every thing 
 belonging to him afhoar, By the Shaftfbury's Long Boat ; only 
 5 leaguers of Arrack. 
 
 " The day of his arrival at the Negrais, there came one Antonio, 
 the Buraghman Governor of Per/aim, there alfo, with a letter 
 from the Buragfmiah King to the Rejident, which was delivered 
 in form the next day, and Antonio dined with Mr. Southhy 
 afterwards. 
 
 " Next morning, viz. on the 6th, between 9 and 10 o'Clock, 
 
 under pretence of afking for an anfwer to the Letter he had 
 
 j!rj and PEGU, brought from the Buraghmah King, Antonio went again to the 
 
 Fort Houfe to Mr. Southby, and was to have dined again wich 
 
 132 ^^™'
 
 and FEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 345 
 
 him ; but juft as the fervants were bringing up the dinner, on 
 fignal given by Jntonio, each of the Buraghmahtts having 
 fingled out his man before, they flabbed Meflrs. Southhy, 
 Robertfon, Hope and Briggs, who were all above ftairs ; Ac the 
 fame time, and on the fame fignal, on pretence of buying 
 fomething from the Europeans below, {tabbed every man of 
 them, only a Mid/JApman that belonged to the Shaftsbury, 
 the Weapon glancing on his ribs made his efcape to the 
 water fide, and hailed the Shaftsbury, telling them that the 
 Buraghmahns had murdered all the Europeans in the Fort. 
 Capt. Inglis immediately fent his pinnace armed, and took 
 him on board, and as many of the black people, that belonged 
 to the Settlement, as had efcaped ; as we did alfo a country 
 boat that we had from the fhoar, for the Buraghmahns murdered 
 man, woman and child that fell into their hands ; jufl before 
 the Midlhipman came to the water fide, we faw a great number 
 of People run to the Shaftjburys I>ong Boat (which had carried 
 a loading of Mr. Southby's things aflioar from us and landed 
 them) and flic put off from the flioar, with the Union of her 
 Enfign down, this was the firft Notice we had of what was 
 done on flioar ; there was killed of Europeans, befides thofe 
 4 already mentioned by name,* a Serjeant, a Corporal, a Matrofs, 
 and 3 private Men, which were all that belonged to the 
 Settlement ; alfo a fick man that belonged to the Shaft/bury, 
 who was fo ill he could not rife, him they flabbed on his 
 cott. As foon as the Buraghmahns had got quiet pofTeffion of 
 the Fort, they brought all the Guns there, which were 9 in 
 nutjiber, and fired at the Shaft Jbury (they fired 25 Chefts of 
 Pozvder of Mr. Southby's that had been landed from us in the 
 morning among other things) they did not fire at us ; but, as 
 we lay further up the River than the Shaft/bury, for fear in 
 the night, when the Tide of Flood made, of their making 
 an attempt on us by Boats, which if it happened, the Shaftfury 
 could be of very little fervice in protedling us, and as we were 
 
 of 
 
 133 * Mr. Rchcrtfon was not killed. ^
 
 346 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 of no force ourfelves capable of oppofing a number of Boats 
 and Men on fuch a defign, we weighed and diopt without 
 tLe Shaftsbury, when we 4"^. Afterwards fome more of the 
 Black people that belonged to the Settlement got on board us, 
 one of them was much bruifcd, by Blows with a flick, and 
 another was wounded with a Lance, in fix different places, 
 they gave us an account, that though the Buraghmahns only 
 brought about 60 men, in all the three Boats we faw, yet 
 they had landed a great number of men, at a part of the 
 JJland we could not fee, and marched them through the Woods ; 
 which come within half a mufquet fhot of the Fort, in the 
 edge of which they lay concealed, till, on the fignal given, 
 they rufhed into the Fort, by a Gate that could not be feen 
 by the Ships, and aflifted in the execution of the murdering 
 fcheme, and firing at the Shaftsbury. 
 
 " In the evening I went on board Capt. Inglis, to fee what 
 he intended to do, and to afk his affiftance for Mafts and Yards, 
 as there was little probability of getting them any where elfe; 
 He told me, that as all the Europeans afhoar were killed, 
 and nothing of The Company's of value fufficient, that he 
 could carry away, to excufe him if his Ship (hould be much 
 weakened by landing his men, efpecially as he knew not the 
 numbers againft them ; he thought it bed to leave the Place, 
 and refolved to do fo as foon as poffible. As to my 
 requeft for Mafts and Yards, he told me he would let mc 
 .^1^ have what he could fpare, and at the fame time faid, that as 
 
 he was in want of Rice, and could get none to buy, before 
 this melancholy affair happened, fo now with the additional 
 number of people he had taken on board from Negrais, he 
 had not fufficient for his Paffage to Madrafs, therefore requefted 
 me to let him have 100 Bags of The Honourable Company's 
 jiFA and PEGU, j^-^^ ^^ board us, for which he would be accountable to 
 134 George Pigot, Efq. at Madrafs; which I agreed to, on his 
 
 giving
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 347 
 
 giving me a Receit, the Price referred to be fettled at Madrafs; 
 while I was on board the Shaftsbury, the Buragkmahns kept 
 firing at her, and (he at the Fort. A fhot from the Fort 
 killed Mr. Burroughs the 2d Mate, another Man, and wounded 
 the Gunner much in the arm, they alfo lodged feveral fliot 
 in her between wind and water, and fhot away a good deal of 
 her rigging. 1 faw one French Man with the Buraghmahns the 
 day before they cut off the Settlement, who was an Officer 
 under the Buraghmah King, and dined with Mr. Southby once, 
 whether or not there were any more Europeans with them I 
 can't tell, but think there was by their levelling and pointing 
 their Guns fo well, for from fiift to laft they lodged 9 fhot 
 between wind and water, and great numbers ftruck her Hull 
 aloft, but luckily killed nobody, but what I mentioned before; 
 The Buraghmahns continued to fire all night at the Shaftsbury ; 
 this Evening we faw a fail in the Offing. There efcaped on 
 board the Shaftsbury 47 men and 2 women, and on board us 
 13 men, z women and i child from the Negrais. 
 
 " On the 7th the Buraghmahns continued to fire at the Shaftsbury 
 all the forenoon, when fhe, having unmoored, weighed and 
 dropped down the Harbour with the Ebb ; when abreaft of 
 us Capt. Inglis hailed, and told me he intended to drop out 
 of the Harbour that tide, and if we would follow him he 
 would give us all the alTiftance : on which we weighed and 
 followed him out, and cf-^ about 6 miles without the Harbour, 
 near the Shaftsbury ; here we got what Mafts, &c. he could 
 fpare us, and for them figned a receit, in which was mentioned 
 the Prices of what I had received from him, and wrote to 
 the Honourable George Bigot, Efq., to whom I referred him 
 for payment, at Madrafs ; alio there I delivered him the 100 Bags 
 of the Honourable Company's Rice, and took his receit for it, 
 of which I alfo wrote to the Honourable George Bigot, and 
 to fettle the Price, as I did not agree with him on that there. 
 On the loth, The Shaftsbury failed, and the Ship, we faw 
 135 4 Y in 
 
 ]rA and PEGU.
 
 348 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 in the Offing fome days before, fent her boat on board ; 
 ft»c proved to be a Moor-Jhip, from Machefs, bound for Mergtd, 
 in great w-ant of provifions. They had fiifl been on board 
 the Shaftibjiry^ and brought with rfiem a Pafs, figned by 
 Mr. Hodges at T^licherry; and Money to pay for Rice; they 
 only wanted what wotdd fcrvc on their paffagc to Mergui^ 
 and as I (hewed them our Rice was damaged, they took. 
 1 8 bags of it, at 3 Ri. ^ bag, and z bags of Wheat at 6 
 f bag. 
 
 ** On the J 4th, I'he wind coming fair, wc run to Dianiotii 
 IjlmiS to get fVater and Ballajl, as we were too light, and 
 ftad only one caflc of water left ; for the time was ib fhort 
 that we were at Negrais before the Settlement was cut off, 
 that we had got no fupplys of any thing from thence. While 
 We lay at Diamond IJlcmd, On the i6th, we faw a Snow under 
 Englifl) Colours, that came from the Northward, working to 
 get into the Negrais, we weighed and endeavoured to fpeak her, 
 and made alfo fignals for that purpofe, as I imagined it might 
 be dangerous, after what I few, for a finall Veffel to go in, 
 but they, not fufpefting what had happened, run into the 
 Harbour and <4-^ there : ive could not g«t nearer, as the 
 wind and tide Tvas, than within 3 miles of Pagoda Point, 
 however I fent in a Canoe, we had, and found lier to be the 
 Hr/en Snotv, Capt. Miller, from Bengal, to the Strait of Malacca, 
 who had run in to get his Water filled ; the Snow •f-^ in the 
 evening ; and, in the night, and next morning, the Buraghmahns 
 fct fire to the Place, it kept burning all night. In the morning 
 they fent a fmall boat off to him, which would not come on 
 board, but called to him to moor, and he Ihould have whatever 
 he wanted : he afked them to come along fide, but they faid 
 they would go aftioar, and -afk ftar orders to do fo ; foon 
 afterwards they brought all tlire Boats tliey had there, and 
 JFJ »uii PLCU. ^Q^gj ^,p t^iie River, as faft as poffible, a flrort time after 
 .,5 that happened, I got aboard the Snow, in our Canoe, for 
 
 when
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 349 
 
 when I faw the place in flames, the night before, I Imagined 
 the Buraghmahns might be going away, therefore intended to 
 run in with the Veflel, as foon as opponunity ferved, in order 
 to recover any thing of The Company's that might have 
 efcaped the fire, if poffibie ; but the wind continuing to the 
 Northward, 1 went into the Harbour in the Canoe in the 
 morning, and found Capt. Miller's boat going alhoar to fill 
 their empty Water-Cafks. I alfo went aflioar in ours, to fee 
 if we could not make a raft of The Honourable Company's 
 Timben and tow down to the Veflel. 
 
 ** On going aftioar I faw one of the mofl (hocking iights I 
 ■ever beheld, viz. the Bodies of all the Europeans, and a great 
 aiumber of Black People (by their drcfs I knew them, as they 
 had not been ftript, for they were all putrified) lying fcattered 
 «ip and down, fbme in a wet Ditch, that was round the Fort ; 
 others by the Water fide, and about 13 or 14 on a Plain, 
 about 20 yards w-ithout the Fort, to the SE, among which 
 were the Remains of Meflrs. Soutbhy's, Hope's and Brigg's 
 irodies, the others were the Europeans that belonged to the 
 Settlement, and Black People ; they had been all pinioned, for 
 line Ropes, that had been ufcd for that purpofe, were fldU 
 vifible about their arms. The Burjzgbmahns bad fet fire to e%'ery 
 [thing] that would burn that they left behind, viz. All the 
 Honfes in general were burnt down, the Company's Schooner and 
 l.oagboat, that lay in the Creek to be repaired,- they had 
 eiideavoured to burn the Teak Timbers alfo, bat they lying ia 
 a fwa-,}ipy Place, would not take fire, the Remains -of tbe 
 dm Carriages (for they had burnt them for the fake of the 
 Jrm) lay on the fieach, the Giins they carried away, they had 
 iUok an 3 oar Pinnace of The Company's, at low water mark, 
 which, as Ihe tad lain fame days, was full of Sand, the weight 
 of which had fplit her to pieces ; I found a Yard and the 
 
 and PEGU. Main Boom belonging to the Schooner, that was burnt, and 
 brought them off, and as much OU Iron and few Coddallies. 
 
 137 which
 
 AVA and PEGU. 
 138 
 
 350 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 which were amongft It, as there was a heap of It lay thrown 
 together not carried away, as the Canoe would carry ; I tried 
 to get fome of the Timbers into the Water, but had not People 
 enough to do it, as they were about 50 yards above High 
 Water mark, fo I went to Capt. Miller, to alk him for fome 
 People to make a Raft, as our own Veflel was fo far off, the 
 Canoe could not have returned from her before night. Juft 
 after I had got on board there, we faw about 15 or 20 large 
 Boats, that rowed from 20 to 30 oars each, coming down the 
 River, towards us as fafl as poffible : this immediately determined 
 Capt. Miller to weigh, and run out of the Harbour; juft after 
 ■ he had got up his °|-^, they landed at the Fort, I believe 
 there might be 500 men that we faw come out of them on 
 the Beach. I went on board our own Veflel again, and as 
 I faw no probability of getting any thing from Negrais, 
 weighed and run to Diamond IJland, to get our Water filled, 
 and our Mafts and Yards refitted as well as poffible, alfo 
 Ballajl, we were very crank ; Capt. Miller went alfo along 
 with us ; and as he faid he was in want of Rice, I let him 
 have, 30 Bags of The Honourable Company's that was on 
 board, here, and took a Receit for it, fpecifying that he had 
 received it for the ufe of the Helen Snow, and defiring his 
 Owners to pay for it, the Price to be fettled by the Gentlemen 
 at Bengal. 
 
 *' We continued at Diamond IJland till the 23d of Oftober ; 
 when having filled our Water, got fome Ballajl and fitted 
 every thing in the beft manner we could, we failed for Bengal, 
 and arrived In Ballajore Road the loth November. We left 
 Capt. Miller ready to fail, from Diamond IJland, the firft fair 
 wind, he had tried to get to the SE, but the wind and 
 current being againft him, he was obliged to '^ again." 
 
 Walter Ahes. 
 
 Capt. Ah'is
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 351 
 
 Capt. Jlues was fent back the enfuing Year ; and, on his 
 return to Bengal, tranfmitted to Governor Pigot, at Madrafs, the 
 following Diary of his Proceedings. 
 
 " On the loth of May, 1760, I failed from Mz^rij/}, and 
 refolved to touch at the Nicobars, in order to meet with a 
 Dutch Ship, which I was informed was to fail from Negapatam, 
 for the Nicobars and Pegu, about the lime we failed from 
 Madrafs ; on her I intended to fend notice to Gregory, the 
 Armenian, at Dagon, that the BuragJmiah King might the fooner 
 get Notice of our being fcnt to Negraije, with Letters and 
 Prefents for Him, as I had reafon to apprehend that the 
 people about Negraife would be very fliy of ftrangers (after 
 what had happened there to the Englidi) only thofc who 
 might have a bad Defign, and from them were not ftrong 
 enough to be without apprehenfions of Danger; for this 
 reafon I thought it beft to touch at the Car-Nicobars, as it 
 was nothing out of our way, at this Seafon of the year. 
 Accordingly on the 23d of May I arrived at the Car-Nicobars, 
 and 4-^ there, and on the 25th, the Dutch Ship that I expeded 
 of-^ there alfo, fhe having failed from Negapatam, on the 12th 
 of May. I went on board her, and found one Coja Pocas, 
 an Armenian, who had been to the Coajl, and was on his 
 return to Dagon again ; he undertook to deliver a Letter for 
 me to Coja Gregory, who he told me was Sea-Citfiomer at 
 Dagon, and had alfo fome other Office under the Buraghmah 
 King; but at the fame time hinted to me, that it was a 
 particular cuftom at Pegu, that if any Perfon defires another 
 to do the lead thing for him, to give a prefent of fame kind, 
 before the other can pojfibly underjiand him ; as the Buraghmah 
 King paid no Salary to his Officers, and what they got that 
 way, was what they principally lived on, and that as there 
 A Mtid PEGU, yvas no Madeira IVii:e to be procured at Negapatam, a Cheft 
 
 139 ^'^ °^
 
 35* 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 of that, with fome Cordials, and a Cafe oi Knives and Forks, 
 he thought would be mod acceptable to Gregory, and engage 
 him to ufe his Intereft with the King of the Buraghmabns 
 (which JVIr. fVhitehill and Capt. Dawfon both told me was 
 very confiderable) to forward as much as poffible any Bufinefs 
 that was to be tranfaded, and the releafe of the unfortunate 
 Englijhmen, that were detained in Slai-ery by the Buragbmab King; 
 On thefe confiderations, and for fear if He (Gregory) fhould 
 altogether be denied a Prcfent, he fhould oppofe what I was 
 fent for, I complied in part with Pocas's requeft, and fent 
 him fome Madeira, fome Cordials, and other little things ; 
 thefe with the Letter to Gregory I delivered to Coja PocaSy 
 and the Dutch Ship failed on the aSih of May for Pegui 
 and on the 29th we failed for Diamond IJlauJ, after having 
 taken in Water, and as much proviiions as poffible, as perhaps 
 we might not be able to procure any at Negraife for fome 
 time." 
 
 Here follows a Copy of the Letter fent to Gregory^ 
 
 SIR, 
 
 " I take this Opportunity by Coja Pocas to acquaint you,, 
 that I am going to Diamond IJland, ox Negraife, immediately, 
 having on board Letters and Prefents, for His Majefly the 
 King of the Buraghmahts from the Honourable John Zephaniah 
 Holtuell, Efq. Governor of Fort IFilliam in Rengal, and from 
 the Honourable George Pigot, Efq. Governor of Fort St. George, 
 which I am ordered to deliver to whomfoever his Majejly 
 thinks proper to appoint to receive them, at Negraife; The 
 Prefent from Bengal is as follows, Fifty Mufqucts, Twenty 
 Brafs Barreled Blunderbuffes, One Hundred Piftols, Five Pieces 
 Superfine Scarlet Broad Cloth, One Piece Europe Crimfon 
 Velvet, Five Pieces fine Broad ftriped Dureas, Five Pieces .-iJii-^ 
 J 40 Narrow 
 
 jiFJ and PEGU.
 
 f and PEGU. 
 141 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 353 
 
 Narrow ftripal D? ; and the prefent from Madrafr^ is Superfine 
 Broad Cloth, one fide Red, the other Yellow, Twelve Yards; 
 D? the one Side Red the other Green, Twelve Yards ,- Superfine 
 Morces Ten Pieces, D? Betelhas, Three Cubits broad, five 
 Pieces. 
 
 " There is alfo a Letter for the Vizier, and another for You, 
 both from the Honourable George Pigot, Efq. which with thofe 
 for his Majefty, I will deliver to whoever is appointed ta 
 come for his ; You will pleafe to acquaint whoever may- 
 be fent to Negraife, to receive the Letters and Prefents, that 
 I fliall lay at Dianwnd IJlanJ, and when the Boats arrive at 
 Negraife, tell the People to make, if it is in the Night, Three 
 different Fires, that can be feen from Diamond IJland, and 
 if in the Day, let them alfo make three different Fires, and 
 (hew a White Flag, as large as poflible, that We may fee 
 it the better ; on feeing either of thefe Signals, I will come 
 off from the Harbour's Mouth, in the VefTel, and fend the 
 Boat in, to fee what is to be done; I fend you alfo by 
 Coja Pocas, Three Dozen of Madeira, with fome Cordials, 
 and fome other things ; which I hope you will accept of, 
 and fhall efteem any favour you do for any of the EngliJJjmen, 
 who are at Dagon, as done for me, and if you can poffibly 
 forward the Buragbmab King's good Intentions to releafe them, 
 that they may go to Bengal with me, it will be gratefully 
 acknowledged by them, and will be eftcemed a favour by every 
 Englifinian, who hereafter may have the Pleafure of knowing 
 you, I Ihall flay at Diamond IJland, waiting his Majefly's 
 Anfwers till the beginning of September, but longer I cannot 
 poffibly ftay. Dated at Car-Nicobar, 26th May, 1760. 
 
 " I failed from the Nicobar.-, as I have faid before, on the 
 29th May, and on June 5th, arrived at Diamond Ifland\ 
 
 where
 
 AFJ. and PEGU. 
 142 
 
 354 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 where I intended to have Uin with the Veflll, 'till I faw 
 the Signal, on little Nc-graijc, that I lent to Gie^orv, or got 
 fome Information by our own Boat, which I intended to fend 
 into the Harbour the firft opportunity of fair Weather ; but 
 the Wind coming to blow very ftrong from the Southward, 
 and a very large Sea tumbling in, which made the Veflel 
 ride fo hard, and occafioned her to make fo mvich Water, as 
 that if wc had laid there, from appearances we had reafon 
 to fear the lofs of our 'j-^, and alfo endangering The Honourable 
 Company's Veffel, fo on the 13th June, finding We could 
 not ride any longer, for the aforefaid reafons, I weighed 
 and run within Pagoda Point, which is about Three Miles 
 without the Harbour of Negraife, where there was a little 
 more fhelter, for I did not care to go into the Harbour of 
 the Negraife, 'till I knew the temper of the Buraghtuahns in 
 regard to us. On the 14th I went into the Harbour with 
 the Boat, and met with fome people belonging to a Cbowky, 
 a little way up Per/aim River, who were come to gather Fruit 
 and Limes in the Garden on Negraife, I fpoke with them as 
 well as I could, but not being able to underftand one another 
 fully, for want of a Lingwijl, I fent one of our People with 
 the Buraghmakiis up to the Cbowky, where there was a Moorman, 
 they told me, and they left one of their People in his room, 
 and to go aboard and fee the Veflel. In the morning of the 
 15th they returned from the Chowky, and hoifted a flag on 
 Little Negraife, on which I went into the Harbour in the Boat, 
 and found the Headman of the Ckozvky had come, and brought 
 our Lafcar again, alfo the Afoorman with him for an Interpreter, 
 I told him We had brought Letters, and Prefents from Bengal 
 and Madrafs for the Buraghmah King and afked him to furnifli 
 me with a Boat, to fend up to acquaint Antony (who he told 
 me was ftill Governor of Per/aim) of our Arrival, This he 
 faid he would do, if I would fend a Man up with her, fo 
 
 I left
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 355 
 
 I left hitn and went aboard to write a Letter to Antony, which 
 I gave to Mr. Dry/dale, who offered to carry it, fo having 
 fent him into the Harbour, He went up the River with the 
 Chowky People to Perfaim," 
 
 Here follows a Copy of what I wrote to Antony, 
 
 SIR, 
 
 " By my Chief Mate, I fend this to acquaint you of our 
 Arrival at Negraife, having Letters and Prefents on board from 
 The Honourable the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs, for his 
 Majefty the King of the Biiraghmahns (then I wrote a Lift of 
 the Prefents as I did to Gregory) I fhould be glad you would 
 forward this Advice to Coja Gregory at Dagon, for whom I 
 have a Letter, and another for his Majefty's Fizier, I have 
 already wrote to Gregory, by a Dutch Ship, that I faw at 
 the Nicobars, which by this time, if no Accident has happened 
 to her, fliould be arrived at Dagon, to convince you of the 
 truth of what I wrote you, I have fent the Chief Mate with 
 this, who will fatisfy you in any thing you want to know 
 concerning usj I have fent you alfo a few Dates, and fome 
 little things, which pleafe to accept of, and I fhall efteem 
 your forwarding Notice of our Arrival to his Majefty a favour, 
 in cafe the Dutch Ship I fent to Dagon by, ftiould not be 
 arrived. Dated 15th June, 1760. 
 
 " On the 23d of June, Mr. Dry/dale returned, and told me 
 he delivered the Letter to Antony, and explained it to him, 
 for he underftands Portiiguefe, He feemed to be very glad of 
 our Arrival, and very kind to Mr. Dryjdale in his way; He 
 came down the length of the Chowky to fpeak with me, and 
 fent a Chit, that as it was very blowing Weather, He durft 
 come no further, in his Boat, and defired I would come there 
 143 5 A and
 
 356 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 and fpcak with him, but there was a ftronger rcafon, for hi» 
 
 not coming down further, which his fear fuggefted to him, 
 
 than the bad weather, which he did not mention, and that was 
 
 tlie Part he adled, or as, he faid afterwards, was forced to adb 
 
 at the cutting off the Negraife. However on the 24th in the 
 
 Morning, I went up in our Boat to meet him, and after the 
 
 firft Salutations were over. He defired me not to be afraid of 
 
 him, for the Part he had afted, at cutting oft" the l^egraifty. 
 
 which he faid no doubt I had heard of on the Coaji., and at 
 
 Bengal, in a worfe light than it really was (he did not know 
 
 me, or took no Notice if he did, though 1 dined with him 
 
 the Day before Negraife was cut off) he told me, that all the 
 
 Part he had, was that of Interpreter, which he was obliged' 
 
 to do, for the Buraghtiah King had fent Laveene, the Frencbtnan, 
 
 with about fixty men to him, with a Letter, telling him 
 
 he had fent thefe Men to cut off this Settlement, by any means, 
 
 no matter whether by Fraud or Force, alfo ordered him to go 
 
 along with them in quality of Interpreter, as they had a Letter 
 
 from the Buraghnah King to Mr. Hope, in order to conceal' 
 
 their Defigns the better, which He was to explain, the Bu- 
 
 raghmah King, at the fame time told, in his Letter to him," that 
 
 if by any means, the Projedt was difcovered, he fhould look 
 
 on him (Antony) as the means of the Difcovery, and would' 
 
 caufe not only himfelf, but every other Perfon whatever, without 
 
 Diftindion of age or fex, that had any Relation to, or any 
 
 manner of Connection with him, to be put to immediate 
 
 Death; This Threat filenced him, and, he fays, was the 
 
 reafon of his not difcovering the defign to Capt. Inglis, or 
 
 Mr. Southby, he fays Laveene had orders to kill no body,. 
 
 without they refifted, and then to fave as many as poflible, 
 
 efpecially Europeans (which, from what 1 have fecn, was not. 
 
 done out of Humanity, but from a motive of Intercfl-, thinking 
 
 JFA and PEGU- the more that were alivcj the more Money would be got for 
 
 their 
 144
 
 ORIENTAL -REPERTORY. 357- 
 
 their Ranfom) then he told me the manner of their Executing 
 
 the orders they had from the Buragbinah King, which was much 
 
 the fame, with the Account I gave in to The Honourable 
 
 Board on my return from i^^^r^i/f in 1759, only what follows, 
 
 and is what, Mr. Robert/on has fince told, is true, thatjuftas 
 
 Dinner was to have come upon Table, nobody being above 
 
 but Meflrs. Southby and Hope, befides the Bitragkmahns, Antony 
 
 came down the Ladder, which led to the Hall, and as foon 
 
 as He was down, Mr. Robertfon and three Soldiers, who were 
 
 in the Godown below, heard the Shrieks and Groans of thofe 
 
 that were murdered, both above and below; and looking 
 
 out at a Window faw Antony running as faft as he could, 
 
 into the Woods ; then thofe who were in the Godown, to 
 
 whom alfo Mr. Brings had got in, after being ftabbed in two 
 
 or three Places, fhut all the Doors and Windows, and went 
 
 by a Trap-door to a Room of the Hall, where, looking 
 
 through the Key-hole, they faw the Buraghmahns in the Hall, 
 
 fitting on the Couches, the feet of which were placed oa 
 
 the Bodies of Meffrs. Southby and Hope. Mr. Robertfon and 
 
 the reft, remained in this manner till about 4 or 5 in the 
 
 Afternoon, when the Biiraghmahns having plundered every other 
 
 part of the Houfe, came to the Door, and defired thofe. 
 
 within to open it, and they would fave their Lives ; one of 
 
 the Soldiers underftood a little of the Buuighmah Tongue, and 
 
 aflced for Arttony, but was told. He was not there, and if the 
 
 Door v/as not immediately opened, they would force it, 
 
 and murder every body they found there ; on which the 
 
 Door was opened, and the Bnraghmakns took Meflrs. Robertfon 
 
 and Briggs, with the three Soldiers, and pinioned them, and 
 
 about Sunfett they were ordered through the Woods to Antony's 
 
 Boat ; in going clown the Ladder, Briggs., not going faft got 
 
 a Blow from one of the Buraghmahns, which knocked him off 
 
 TA an J PEGU, the Top of the Ladder, about 14 feet high, to the Ground, 
 
 he- 
 H5
 
 3^6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 he got upon his Knees, and endeavoured to rife, but one of 
 BuraghmaJms run his Lancet through him ; Robert/on, and the 
 others, when they got to the Boat, which was about Duflc, 
 were immediately loofed, though in that fliort time, they were 
 tyed, their Arms were all fwelled and cut with the cords, 
 they were bound with, Antony ordered them to be loofed 
 when they were put into his Charge, and they themfelves fay, 
 he ufed them better at that time, than they expetfted ; The 
 Boat was fent away with them that very tide to Dagon, where 
 the Buraghnah King was. This, as far as Antony knew of it, 
 was the Subftance of what he faid, but he interlarded his 
 Account, with many Proteftations of Sorrow for what had 
 happened, and Encomiums on his own Humanity, and Dif- 
 intercftednefs in the whole affair ; no Plunder had he touched ; 
 which, when I faw Mr. Robert/on afterwards, I found to be falfe, 
 for he took many things, and amongft the reft his Silver Buckles; 
 under pretence of taking care of them for him, but, to this 
 Day, he has never mentioned returning them, however thefe 
 things at that time I know not of, I afkcd what Reafons alfo 
 the Buraghmah King, affigned for cutting off Negraife ; after a 
 great many Encomiums on the Buraghmah King, and Invedtives 
 againft the Chiefs of Negraife; he told me, that Mr. Hope 
 had given four or fve Mufquets, with fome Powder and Skott, 
 alfo Provifions to the Pegtiers ; and that Gregory, the Armenian, 
 had reprefented this to the Buraghmah King, as if it had been 
 400 or 500 Muflets that bad been given, inftead o^ four or five; 
 and faid that the EngUp were a very dangerous People, and 
 if not prevented in time, he would find, would aft in the 
 fame manner, as they had done in Bengal, and on the Coafi; 
 where the firft Settlements were made in the fame manner as 
 at Negraife, but that, by degrees, they had fortified themfelves, 
 and brought Men, and all manner of Military ftores, in, under 
 various Pretences, till they thought they were ftrong enough, 
 
 AFA and PEGU- ^^^^" ^^^y P"^'^'^ off ^1^^ Mafic, and made Kings whom they 
 
 pleafed, 
 14-",
 
 A and PEGU. 
 '47 
 
 OPN.IENTAL REPERTORY. 359 
 
 pleafed, and levied all the Revenues of the Country at Difcretion ; 
 This he faid was the principal Reafon, though there were 
 others, which the Governors of Negraife, had given rife to, 
 by hindering Merchant Vcffcls from going to Per/ear, by which 
 ihe Buraghmah King lofl; his Duties ; However every thing that 
 could in the leaft be made to ferve as an argument againfi; 
 the Englifi, was always aggravated and put in the word 
 light poffible, by Gregory, to the Buraghmah King ; for then, 
 Antony faid, that the Settlement at Negraife always underfold 
 the Annenims, and fpoiled their Markets, both in buying and 
 felling; which he imagined was the Reafon of Gregory's ading 
 as he did; for there never was any quarrel between the 
 Armenians, and any Inhabitants of Negraife, that ever he heard 
 of; on the contrary It had ferved as an Afyliim, to feveral 
 of them, in the late troubles; and to himfelf alfo; when 
 they could be fafe no where elfe ; but He told alfo, that 
 the Buraghmah King was very forrow for what he had done, and 
 had given orders to him, to invite all Englijh Ships, that 
 fliould touch at Negraife, to come and trade on the fame 
 footing as before; and that, in particular, he would be very 
 glad of our Arrival, in order to make friendfliip again with 
 the Englilh ; but at the fame time told me, as we had not 
 come on the Score of Trade, but as an Embajfy to fettle a 
 FriendfJoip ; that unlefs We came up to Perfeen, the Buraghmah 
 King would be fufpicious of our Intentions ; and he was fure 
 the Armenians would take all opportunities of fomenting the 
 Quarrel, and reprefenting us as Spys ; and that unlefs we 
 came into the River to Perfeen, he for his own fake, durft 
 have no communications with us ; as it would be faid he 
 was carrying on fome Plot with us ; and as for the Letters, 
 and Prefents, he could not receive them, till he had Orders 
 from the Buraghmah King, which would at the (hortefl time, 
 be fix Weeks before they could arrive : As he was at Muxabooe 
 
 5 B then.
 
 360 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 then, and as he muft write, if we refufed to come in, he 
 knew not, how it might be taken; and that as the SW 
 Monfoon was now fetting in, we muft come into Negraife 
 Harbour^ he faid, for flielter, and that if any ill was intended 
 us, it could as eafily be done there as at Perfeen : On this 
 I told him, I would confider of what he faid, and left him, 
 in order to go on board ; but as it blew exceffive hard at 
 South, I was 24 hours in getting to the Veflel ; though not 
 ^bove three in coming from her: when I had got onboard, 
 I found the Veflel rode very hard, and made Water, as there 
 was a large Sea from the Southward ; and that on heaving 
 in the Slack of the fmall Bower-Cable, it was found ftranded ; 
 on this, as it was not poffible to lay where we were in Safety, 
 and as we were obliged to go into Negraife Harbour, and had 
 nothing on board which could induce or tempt the Btiraghmahns 
 to fcize us, I thought it bed to run up to Perfeen at once, 
 as I was well convinced, that if the Buraghmahn had a Defign 
 to feize us, they could do it at Negraife as eafily as at Perfeen ; 
 So on June 26th in the Morning, We weighed and run up 
 the River, and on the 28th arrived at Perfeen, where we 
 moored, by this time there was a Letter come from Meergtti 
 Norrataw, the Prince at Dagon, for Antony, in which he 
 informed him of our being to arrive at Negraife ; and defired 
 him as foon as he had Notice of our Arrival there, to go 
 down and bring the Veffel to Perfeen ; and alfo he gave 
 him a very ftrift order to take care that nobody molefted us 
 in the leaft, and to let us have every thing we wanted. 
 1 had not the leaft Notice from Gregory about any thing, 
 but that he was gone up in great hafte to the Buraghmah King, 
 I heard from the People that brought the Prince's Letter to 
 Antony ; who fent an anfwer to the Prince, advifing him of our 
 AFA and PEGU. Arrival, at Perfeen, I immediately fet about getting a Bankpall 
 built, to put our Stores, and Provifions in, while we bawled 
 ^48 a-Qioar.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. j6* 
 
 a-flioar to ftop our Leaks, on the 7th of July I received 
 a Letter from the Prince at Dago?i, defiring me to come 
 along with Antony to him ; and bring the Letters, and Prefents 
 with me, which he would fonvard to the Buraghmah K'lm, to 
 this, I fent an immediate Anfwer, that as foon as I could 
 procure Boats, I would wait on him, as he defired ; and 
 bring the Letters and Prefents with me. On the 13th 1 went 
 up to Keo-ivk Kioiu (which is the principal place here abouts, 
 fmce the burning of Perfeen, and where Antony lives) in order 
 to get a Boat to go to Dagon; Antony told me, there was- 
 only one Boat, fit to put the Prefents in, at Kiowk Kiozv, which 
 he wanted for himfelf ; but that he »vould fend and hire one, 
 at fome neighbouring place, for me, after ftaying two days 
 to no purpofe, I came down again to Perfeen, without a Boat; 
 for nobody durft hire me a Boat, without Antony's Order; 
 which he told me he had given, though on putting it to 
 the Trial, I found, he had not. 
 
 " When I was at Kiozvk Kiow, I heard a Report of the Bu- 
 raghmah King being dead, and of his Eldeji Son having taken the 
 Government of the Kingdom on him, and that he had fent 
 for all the Great Men in his Kingdom, to come to Muxabooe, 
 his Capital, and fwear Allegiance to him ; on enquiring of 
 A/itony he told me he believed it to be true, for that the 
 Buraghmah King, on his Expedition to Si am, which Place he 
 had been before, fome time, was obliged to raife the Siege 
 on account of a fever, and Flux he had himfelf, as likewife 
 one half of his Forces ; and return home : but he had no 
 other authority for any thing he faid, than common Report. 
 
 " On my return to Perfeen I got the VefTel hawled aflioar, 
 
 d and PEGU. ^° ^'^^ ^° ^°P ^°"^^ ^^ ^^ Leaks, and on the aSth July 
 
 another Boat arrived from the Prince at Dagon, with a Letter 
 
 149 fiac-
 
 362 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 
 
 for me, defiring mc to come with the Letters and Prefents to 
 him, as foon as poffible, and the people that biovight it, 
 went on board, and took all the Arms for the Buraghmah King 
 by force, for I had refufed to deliver them to them, as I 
 was obliged to go to Dagon myfelf; efpccially as the Prince 
 had not mentioned it in his Letter to me neither ; then 
 they went to Kiouk Kiozv to Antonv, for whom alfo they had 
 a Letter, and the next day Antony, and the people that brought 
 the Prince's Letter, came down to Perfeen again, and brought 
 a Boat for me, and the reft of the King's Prefents, to go in : 
 Antony alfo told me to carry a Prefent for the Prince, and 
 two or three others, that were his AfTiftants, in the Government 
 of the Province ; who very probably would give me the 
 EngUJl:men that were at Dagon, without waiting for any other 
 order, as the Country was all in Confufion, which was the 
 Reafon he did not go with me; He then told me that the 
 late King died in his return from Si am, about the middle 
 of May, and that his Second Son, who was then with the 
 Army, after his Father's Death, wanted to get himfelf 
 acknowledged King, by the Generals and leading Men, but 
 being oppofcd in his defigns by them, who all declared for 
 the Elder Brother, he feparated himfelf, with what People 
 would follow him, from the reft of the Army, and went to 
 Tonghoe, a Province bordering on the King of Siam's Country, 
 where he proclaimed himfelf King ; however the Generals that 
 kept with the Main Body of the Army, kept the King's Death 
 private as long as poffible, and fent Notice of his Death to 
 his Eldeft Son, whom they proclaimed King, and fent his 
 Father s Body, with great Pomp, to Muxabooe, where it was 
 burned ; they alfo fent him word of his Brother s Behaviour, 
 who, by this time, not finding that People joined him, as 
 ATA id PEGU ^^ ^^^^ expeftcd, had alfo fent to his Elder Brother, and, 
 by the Interceffion of his Mother, was pardoned on laying 
 150 down
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 363 
 
 down his Arms; the New Buraghmah King, now thinking he 
 had nothing to fear, under fome Pretence or other, fent for 
 two of the Generals from the Army, who had difobliged him 
 in his Father^s life time; they not fufpefting any Danger, 
 after their late Behaviour, went accordingly to him ; but 
 without admitting them to an Audience, he made them be 
 put to death ; This proceeding of the Buraghmah King, was 
 refented by the reft of the Army, in fuch a manner, by 
 the management of one of the moft popular of the Generals, 
 who was with the Army, and apprehended the fame fate 
 with the Officers who had been killed, that they immediately 
 proclaimed him King, on this he took Pofleffion of Ava, with 
 about 1 2,000 of the beft Troops in the Army, and commenced 
 Hoftilities againft the late King's Son, he alfo fent circular 
 Letters to all the Great Men in the Country, inviting them to 
 join him, and acknowledge him King. 
 
 ** As yet there was no knowing what turn affairs would take ; 
 
 however it would be a fufficient excufe for me, which ever 
 
 Party prevailed, that the Prince at Dagon had taken the 
 
 Prefents from me by force ; it would be of no fignification 
 
 to rifque the difobliging him by refufals, and putting thofe 
 
 things under his Care, might perhaps get the Englijhmen at 
 
 Dagon, releafed without farther trouble, fo I determined to 
 
 go with a good grace to him, as I found there was no 
 
 avoiding it; and accordingly on the 30th of July, I fet out 
 
 for Dagon, in company with the Boat that brought the Prince's 
 
 Letter to me, and on the 5th of Auguft arrived at Dagon, 
 
 and delivered the King's Prefents to Mungui Narrataw, the 
 
 Prince; and took a Receipt from him, for the Particulars; 
 
 I alfo offered him the Letters, but he would not receive them ; 
 
 but told me I muft go to the Buraghmah King, with them, 
 
 4 and PEGU, and deliver them to him in Peifon, and that he would fend 
 
 151 5 C the
 
 364 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the Prefents along with me, under care of one of his Officers. 
 I told him, I had not brought NecefTarys with me for fo 
 long a journey, and that it would be a great Inconvenience 
 to me to go as I was : I faid this, in order if poflible to 
 get off going, for in the prefent Situation of Affairs in the 
 Country, I did not by any means like it ; but he would 
 not be put off, but told me, he would fend the Prefents to 
 a Place called Ledgkk (which is fituated on the great River 
 of Ava, and near the Mouth of that Branch that runs down 
 to Perfeen) while I went another way, with one of his Officers, 
 to the Veffel, to get what Neceffaries I wanted, and leave 
 Orders with the Officers of the Veffel, for their behaviour in my 
 Abfence ; and that afterwards I fhould go and join the Boat,, 
 with the Prefents, at Ledgick, and proceed up to the Buraghmah 
 King : he defired me alfo to provide myfelf with an Interpreter^ 
 before I left Dagon ; otherways I probably would not get 
 one, when 1 wanted him up in the Country ; which, as it 
 was abfolutely neceffary, I did, though I was obliged to pay 
 dear for one ; I then afked what Advices he had received, 
 about the Rebellion up in the Country; and whether or not 
 he could not releafe the Englipmen to me then ? he told me, that 
 he had, that very day, received a Letter (rom A fuxabooe, in which 
 he had an Account of the General's forces being defeated by the 
 Buraghmah King's, and that he had fliut himfelf up in Ava, in 
 which Place he was befieged by the Buraghmah King's Forces, and 
 that, as there was no great Guns in the Place, he expedled every 
 day an Account of his being taken : This, as I heard from 
 every body elfe, was true ; and, he faid, as to releafing the 
 Englijlmcn then, though he had not the lead doubt of their 
 being fet at Liberty, by the Buraghmah King, yet he could not 
 prefume fo far on his favour (though the King was his Nephew) 
 as to releafe them without an order, from Court, for that 
 jtFJ and PEGU, purpofe ; and, fays he, as there is only thofe common Men 
 154 here,.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 365 
 
 here, and the Negralfe Writer, meaning Mr. Robeytfon, you 
 had better let it alone till the others arrive from Mergtd, 
 in the Ships we expeft daily. 
 
 *' I then begged him to let Mr. Robert/on go with me ta 
 Perfeen, to flay there till my return from tlie King, when I 
 fhould be certain whether or not he would be releafed ; This 
 he confented to ; and faid, that as he had committed no fault, 
 either againft the King, or any body elfe, if it had been in 
 his Power, he would have releafed him long ago ; that he 
 had ever fince his Acquaintance with the Etiglijh, which 
 commenced in Mr. Newton s time, when he was made Governor 
 of all the Country below Prone, he had always hved in 
 friendfliip with them, and never found reafon to do other wife ; 
 but that Mr. Hope had given fome Arms and Provifions to 
 the Peguers, which was rcprefented to the late King, by Gregory, 
 the Armenian with many aggravating Circumftances, on which 
 he himfelf was fent fome time before Negraife was cut off, 
 to do it, though much againft his Inclination, he was obliged 
 to undertake it ; that on his Arrival at Negraife he found lb 
 friendly an Entertainment from Mr. Hope and Captain Inglis, 
 that he went back to the Buraghmah King with a Prefent, which 
 Mr. Hope fent by him, and endeavoured to reconcile matters 
 again ; but Gregory, who had been fent to Negraife with him, 
 did all he could to hinder the Buraghmah King, from dropping 
 the Defign of cutting off that Settlement ; and at the fame time 
 reprefented him, as Confederate with the Englifh, in the Defigns 
 they had, to bring the Country under Subjeclion ; as they had 
 already done, the Coafl and Bengal; both which infinuations 
 the Buraghmah King took fo much Notice of, that he ordered 
 Lavene the Fienchman, with a Party of Men, to cut off 
 Negraife : and him to be put in Irons, and confined with 
 other Criminals, and, for feveral Days, he was ftretched at full 
 15J Length. 
 
 ^ an J PEGU.
 
 366 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 Length on his Back, in the heat of the Sun, before the Palace 
 Gate in Dagon, with three Timbers laid acrofs his body, viz. one 
 on his Throat, one on his Stomach, and another on his Thighs ; 
 till by the Entreaties of his Sijler, who was the King's Head fVife, 
 he was releafed, but, to this day, he has not recovered the 
 Shock it gave him ; alfo every Man that was with him at 
 Negratfe, except Gregory, was Bamboed ; I alfo heard when 
 I was at Dagon, that as foon as Gregory had received the 
 Letter, I fent him from the Nicobars, he immediately took 
 Boat and went up to the Buraghmah King, in order to be the 
 firft, that carried him the News of our Arrival, and to take 
 the Oath of Allegiance. 
 
 *' After having got an Interpreter, and a Boat, I fet out 
 on the 9 th Auguft, in the Morning, from Dagon, and on 
 the 1 8th arrived at Pcrfeen, where I found every thing as 
 I left It J and on the 17th was going to fet out in 
 Company with Mungui Narrataivs Officer, and Antony, for 
 Mitxabooe; when there arrived one of the Buraghmah King's 
 Officers, who was fent from Court, in Company with Gregory, 
 and another Officer, who had a Letter for me from the Buraghmah 
 Kin^, and told me I had beft ftay at Perfeen, till I received 
 it i this I determined to do, as there might be fomething in 
 it, which might hinder me from going up to the Buragh7nah 
 King, and poffibly an Order for me to finifli what I came 
 for, where I was ; by which a great deal of Trouble and 
 Expence would be faved. 
 
 " On this Mungui Narratazv's Officer, without faying any 
 
 thing to me, the very next Tide, went away up the River 
 
 by himfelf; On the 18th, Gregory arrived alfo from the 
 
 Buragl.mah King ; and fent to tell me, he had brought a Letter 
 
 AFA and PEGU fj-oni thc Buraghmah King, and defired I would come into his 
 
 Boat, 
 154
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 367 
 
 Boat, to receive it ; To (hew all poflible refpect for the Biiragh- 
 mah King 1 went accordingly, and he told me he had delivered 
 the Original to a Buraghmah Officer, who, he faid, would 
 arrive in a Day or two; but he delivered me a Copy, in 
 Englifli, which, he faid, was a true Tranflation of the 
 Buraghmah King's Letter, it was as follows. 
 
 " I the moft High and mighty King of all Kings, the moft 
 *' fortunate, and above all good fortune, of all thefe my Domi- 
 " nions. Matter of the three Pegu Kingdoms, with all its 
 " Provinces, Mafter of the Mines of Gold, Silver, Diamond, Rubies ^ 
 " Amber-beads, and all manner of precious Stones, in thefe my 
 " Dominions, now at the Golden City, in a Golden Palace, and 
 " Silver Canopy, Father of all good Fortune, and with a cheerfull 
 " Countenance, and free Heart, together with a Good-will, 
 *' towards the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs. 
 
 " This to Captain Walter Alves. 
 
 " My Shabander advifed me, of your being at the 
 
 " Diamond IJland, with Letters and Prefents for me ; as Negrais 
 
 " and Per/aim are Sea-Port Towns, You may freely enter and 
 
 " land at any of thefe Ports, and Trade after paying the ufual 
 
 " Cuftoms; as I am fenfible, as well as informed, of Your 
 
 " coming in behalf of The Company, to make friendfhip with 
 
 " the great King, my Father, who is now dead. He being 
 
 " informed of the Milbehaviour of Captain Hope, the Chief of 
 
 " Negraife, who had correfpondence with the Peguers, built feveral 
 
 " Fortifications, and did not advife his Majefty then of his being 
 
 " there, neither came to pay a Villt, nor fulfill the promifes 
 
 " and agreements made by The Company, his Majefty has alfo 
 
 " been particularly informed of the Fortifications that has been 
 
 " built there, and upon occafion to fight againft him, fent 
 
 155 j D People 
 
 ''A and PEGU.
 
 AVA And PEGU. 
 I lid 
 
 368 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 *' People to demolifh that place, and took away their Ammu- 
 " nition, ftores, &c. Now as you are come to trade, you have 
 " Negrai/e and Per/aim (and after having paid your due Cuftoms) 
 " You have free Liberty to trade, not only in thofe two Places, 
 " but in all my Dominions, and I will trade with you, and 
 " give you Merchandize, or any thing which you fhall want, 
 ** more than the Great King my Father has given the Englilh 
 *' Nation, formerly, with a good will and a free heart ; that 
 " my Country and your Country may be one in a Go/den Path ; 
 " If the Company at Negra'iji', then had done no * that both 
 " Negrai/e and Per/aim would have been theirs, long before now, 
 " but now as Perjaini is Inhabited -}- you may freely come and 
 " live at Negraife, till Per/aim is reinhabited, for which purpofe 
 " I had made my SkabanJar, Prince of that Place, and gave 
 " him Power to act as he thinks proper, for the Benefit of 
 " The Company's Intereft, fliould there be any hereafter, as alfo 
 *' to prevent mifunderftandings between me, and the Englifh 
 " Nation for the future, I defire you will come up yourfelf 
 *' with the Letters and Prefents from the Gentlemen of Bengal 
 ♦' and Madrafs ; I have ordered my Skabandar to condud you 
 ♦' here, for I have fomewhat of Importance to communicate to 
 " you ; and fhall have whatever your heart fljall wifh for. 
 " He has alfo begged leave of me for the Releafe of an EngHJh- 
 " man, one Robert/on, formerly a Writer at Negralfe, which I 
 " granted him ; I defire you alfo to bring up all the Goods 
 •' you have brought with you." 
 
 " When I had read this, and came out of his Boat again, 
 the Biiraghmah Officer, that arrived before him, afked Antony 
 the Contents of the Copy, (to him I had explained it in 
 
 Portugnefej 
 
 * So In MS. f So in LIS.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 369 
 
 Portuguefe) when he had heard them, he told me there were 
 feveral things in that Copy, which he was certain were not in 
 the Original, and that the Original never had been in Gregory i Care, 
 It was true he had foliciced for it, very ftrongly, to be delivered 
 to him, but was refufed, for which reafons, he bid me take 
 care he did not lead me into a Scrape, and there leave me ; 
 ajid that I had better ftay till I received the Original, before 
 I fet out for Muxabooe, and not go immediately with Gregory, 
 as he would have me, I thanked him for his Advice, and 
 refolved with mjfelf not to go from Perfeen, till I faw the 
 Original Letter, which with what I have feen, would be Ibmething 
 of a guide to me, in regard to whom I could mofl: rely on 
 for the future j whether Gregory, or the others fent from the 
 Buraghmah King ; and the improbable flories, and extravagant 
 Promifes of Gregory, helped to confirm me in that Refolution, 
 after I had talked with him fome time ; Accordingly on the 
 2ifl the Officer who had the Buraghmah King's Letter arrived, 
 which he delivered me, and read publickly on the 22d with 
 much Ceremony, and as nearly as I could underftand it, was 
 as follows. The Buraghmah King's Titles, were the fame as 
 in Gregory's Copy, which for brevity fake I leave .our. 
 
 he ' ■ Y o^hntr' ' 
 " In the Reign of the Great King, my Father, (who being 
 
 " wearied of this IForld is now gone to Govern a better) Captain 
 
 " Hope, who was then Governor of Ncgraife, did not fhew the 
 
 ** Cuftomary Refpefts, nor perform the promifes made by 
 
 \ " The Company to my Father, the Great King, but did juft as 
 
 *' he thought fit, built Fortifications where he pleafed, and, 
 
 *' alfo held a correfpondence with the Pegitcrs, whom he 
 
 " fupply'd with Arms, Ammunition, Provif.ons, Sec. which 
 
 " being told to the Great King, my Father, he accordingly fent 
 
 " a Party of Men to Negraife, and Seized all the Stores, Arms, 
 
 t and PEGU. " Ammunitions, &c. Now, as I am informed of your Arrival at 
 
 J .,, " Diaf7ioHd IJlanJ, with Letters, and Prefents for me, and if the 
 
 Cavernon
 
 370 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 ss " Governors of Maitrafs or Bengal want to fettle at Negralfe Or 
 
 " Perfecn, they have free Liberty to do fo, and Trade, after 
 " paying the ufual Cufioms, or if you have any Merchandize, you 
 " may freely enter and trade either at Negraife or Per/aim ("after 
 " you have paid the ufual Cvjloms) but as Perfeen is now unin- 
 " habited, you may {lay at Negraife, till it is repeopled. In the 
 " mean time, I defire you will come in Perfeen, and bring the 
 •' Letters, and Prefents you have brought from the Governors of 
 " Bengal and Madrafs, as alfo every thing of your own, you have 
 ** to fell, that your Country and my Country may be one, and 
 " you fhall have whatever you defire." 
 
 When I had got this explained to me, I found Gregory's 
 Word was not to be depended on ; however I took no Notice 
 to him, but refolved to have no communications with him ; but 
 what I could not avoid, for the future ; I was defned by 
 the Buraghmah Officers to take all my Orders from Bengal and 
 Madrafs with me, alfo the Copy that Gregory had given me, 
 for the Translation of the Buraghmah King's Letter ; for that 
 Gregory had told the Buraghmah King, I was come with orders 
 to Settle Negraife again, and had brought three Ships, and great 
 Quantities of Goods, and Stores for that Purpofe ; aqd that it 
 would be neceflary in order to confute Gregorys Story, to (hew 
 my Original Orders to the King, as alfo the Copy, for they 
 were certain that the King, on feeing nothing of what Gregory 
 had made him expeft, would afk for what I came ; and what 
 Orders I had, from Bengal and Madrafs ; As there was nothing 
 in either of the Orders that could be taken the lead amifs by 
 the Buraghmah King, I told them I would do fo ; they alfo, 
 faid, that Gregory told the Buraghmah King, that Mr. Pigot 
 AVA and PEGU, had wrote to him, to tranfadl affairs for The Company, with him, 
 and they alfo, defned me if I had not already delivered to him 
 ^^^ Mr.
 
 ORIENTAL E.EPERTORY. 371 
 
 Mr. Pigot's Letter, not to do it, till the Buraghmah King had 
 given me leave to do fo; they alfo faid the Reafon of the 
 Buraghmah King giving Mr. Robertfoa his freedom, was not 
 becaufe Gregory aik'd it of him, but becaufe the late King, his 
 Father, had promifed to do fo, the firft Opportunity that offer'd 
 of his getting to the Coaft ; which now offering by our Arrival, 
 he gave him leave to go accordingly. 
 
 " On the 22d. Auguft, in the Evening, having finiflied any 
 bufinefs I could do, I fet out from Perfeen, in Company with 
 the two Buraghmah Officers, Antony and Gregory, for Muxabooe, 
 where the Buraghmah King ufually refides ; Two or three Days 
 after 1 had left Perfeen, I heard of the Arrival of fome Ships 
 from Mergui, in which I expcifled there was fome Englijh Officers, 
 Nothing remarkable on our Pajfage up the River, but at feveral 
 Places, viz. Meam, Prone, Meloone, Tangoo, and fome other 
 Chokeys my Boat was fearched, and People changed, which 
 always coft me a good deal of Trouble, and a Prefent, before 
 I got frefh People, for all that came from the Buraghmah King, 
 not one flayed with me, as my Boat rowed heavy ; but Antony 
 ftaid clofe by me, and I believe faved me fome trouble, in 
 changing my Boats Crew fo often ; he alfo was fearched, 
 and ferved in the fame manner, on Account of the 
 Rebellion in the Country, only thofe, who came diredly from 
 the Buraghmah King, were exempted from Search ; not 
 one of whom ftaid by me, but took what things I had for 
 Sale out of my Boat, under pretence flie was too deep, and to 
 make her row better, and made what hafte they could to the 
 Buraghmah King with them; as I found Mungui Narrataxv's 
 Officer had alfo done with the Prefents, when I pafled by 
 Ledgick. On my way up the River, I found the Country 
 People, in general, by their Difcourfe, which was interpreted 
 to me, both by Antony and my Linguijt, were difaffecled to the 
 159 5 E prefent 
 
 A and PEGU.
 
 372 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 prefent Government , and always fccmed pleafed, when ever they 
 heard of a Repiilfe, that the Buraghmah Kings Forces met with 
 before Ava, which were frequent ; and in every attempt they 
 made to enter the Place (though there was no Cannon in it) 
 were always worded ; in one of which Attacks Laveene, the 
 Frenchman that commanded the Party that cut off Negraife, 
 was killed ; I have already mentioned that one of the late 
 King's Generals had fliut himfelf up in Ava, with fome of the 
 bed Troops of the Kingdom, for fear of being aflaffinated, 
 as two others were, before they were admitted to fee the 
 Buraghmah King ; they alfo talked publickly, that the General, 
 in Ava, had fent to Siam, for the Son of the lajl King of 
 Ava, whom the Pegvers dethroned and killed, about Ten Tears 
 ago, to come to Ava, and he would put him in pofledion of 
 the Kingdom ; and by their difcourfe, and manner of telling 
 thefc things, they all of them wifli'd it might tiim out fo ; and 
 every thing in the Country feemed to be in great Confufion ; 
 After a very tedious Journey in the Boat 
 
 " On the 22d. of September, I arrived at Siggeyn, a Place 
 diredly oppofite to Ava, on the other Side of the River, and 
 where the Buraghmah King had been fometime, in order to 
 forward the ReduBion of Ava, which he had befieged, then for 
 two Months with ioo,ooo Men, as I was told, and whofe 
 Batteries were within fifty Yards of the Walls, and though there 
 was no Cannon in the City, nor a Ditch about it, yet the Befieged 
 kept them off with Mujletry ; and when they endeavoured to 
 Jcale the IValls, the Befieged plyed them fo with boiling Dammer, 
 mixed with Oil, that they always fled with Precipitation ; fome 
 Poor Creatures, that were miferably fcalded in thefe Attacks, I faw 
 in Hiitts on this fide of the River. 
 
 AVA and PEGl\ 
 i6o 
 
 On
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 373 
 
 " Qn the 23d, in the morning, I was fent for to the 
 Buragkmah King, bur, before I could get admittance, I was 
 obliged to fend a Prefent before me (as Mungui Nairataw's 
 Officer had carried thofe I brought from Bengal and Madrafs 
 to the Buraghmah King, and delivered them fome Days before 
 I arrived, and was gone to Dagon again;) after making Obcifance 
 to the King, in the Buraghmah manner, I delivered him the 
 Letters, he broke the Seals, opened them and fent me to his 
 Secretarys to get them tranflated ; but before they would fee 
 about it, I was obliged to give «i Prefent, to a man that 
 could read the Perjian Language for his Trouble, I found this 
 was very necejfary, or he would perhaps have tranflated them, 
 in fuch a manner, as that 1 fliould have been no Gainer by 
 faving it : There was a Copy of the Madrafs Letter to the 
 Buraghmah King in Portuguefe, which they made me read, 
 and had it tranflated and compared with what the Perjian 
 tranflated, and being found to agree, when the others were 
 done alfo, I was fent for to the Buraghmah King to hear ihem 
 read. He faid he was furprifed to think how the Governor of 
 Madrafs, as he faid in his Letter, could have the face to 
 demand any Satisfaclion, which he would not give; for that 
 he looked on all that were killed at Negraife, whether guilty 
 or innocent, as born to die there, and in that manner ; and 
 that he never would give himfelf any trouble to enquire 
 farther about the affair; His Soldiers were not obliged to 
 know who were guilty, or who were not, neither did he expeft 
 they would enquire, but, in fuch cafes, generally killed Men, 
 Women, or Child as they pleafed ; for inftance fays he, as 
 foon as ever they get into Ava, I have given them Orders 
 to fpare nothing, that has Life ; and to burn, kill and deflroy 
 every thing in it ; though 1 knew that Nittoon (meaning the 
 General) and the Soldiers are to blame; as for thefe People, 
 ■A and PEGU. ^j^^j. ^^.^j.g ^^^ killed, you may take them with you to the 
 
 161 ^'"'■^i
 
 374 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Coajl ; the Timbers, you may alfo have, but as your Governors 
 at Negraife, and the Mafters of Ships, that were feized, were 
 the Offenders, they muft ftand to the lofs ; for Reftitution, 
 1 will make none : I then aflced him what Crimes the 
 Governors of Negraife had committed, for which the King, his 
 Father, had been fo much offended ? He faid, that Captain 
 Hope, while Chief at Negraife, had fupplied the Peguers, who 
 were his Enemies, with Arms, Ammunition, and Provifions; 
 and was in Contraft with them, for when they took any 
 Buraghmah Boats, the Plunder they carried to Negraife, and 
 Captain Hope took one half, and let them keep the other ; 
 and that not till after many repeated meffages to him to defift from 
 fuch Pradtifes, the Kt/ig his Father, had ordered Negraife 
 to be deftroyed ; I anfwered, if that could be brought to 
 proof, the Laws of England would punilli him with Death, 
 if his Father, had left his Punilhment to the Englip ; I then 
 afked him what Crime the Nciu Governor, that arrived the 
 Day before, or any of his People had done, for there was 
 no difference in their Punifhment ; He faid, he was born 
 to die there ;" and laughed; "for, I fuppofe you have feen, 
 " that, in this Country, in the wet Seafon, there grows fo much 
 " long ufelefs Grafs and Weeds, in the Fields, that in the dry 
 " Seafon, we are forced to burn them, to clear the Ground ; 
 fometimes it happens, there is fome ufeful Herbs among thefe 
 Weeds and Grafs, which as they cannot be diftinguifhed 
 " eafily, are burned along with them ; fo it happened to be 
 " the new Got't?r//o;-'j lot :" then the King alked me, what I 
 came to his Country for ? I told him I was fent by the 
 Honourable the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs, with Prefents 
 to His Majefly, and Letters in which were mentioned every 
 thing defired by their Honours ; which, if it was his Pleafure 
 AFA and PEGU, to grant, I was ordered to return as foon as poffible, with 
 his Majefly's Anfwer ; but had no Authority to alk for any 
 
 
 1 
 
 62 
 
 thing.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 375 
 
 thing, befides what was mentioned, in the Letters to his 
 Majefty ; he told me, that if the EngliJJj wanted a Settlement, 
 for trade, in his Coun/ry, notwithftanding they had behaved 
 fo ill, he would yet allow them to trade where they pleafed ; 
 but that the Principal Settlement, niufl be at Per/een, and not at 
 Negraife ; for when at that Place, as We were at War with 
 the French, they might come and plunder the Island, before 
 He could hear of their being there, or fend us any Afliftance; 
 which could not be done, if at Perfeen ; fays he, " the 
 " Governor of Bengal requires Satisfaction for what The Company 
 " loft at Negraife, and for Mr. WbitekilVs Veffel, but that I 
 " will never give; as the Governors o( Negraife, and Mr. PVhitehill 
 " himfelf, were the Offenders ; let him look to them for the 
 " Lofles fuftained ; Indeed there is a good many of the Company's 
 " 'Timbers at Perfeen and Negraife, them you may take freely ; 
 " but, fays he, " you muft leave fomebody to look after them ; 
 " to whom I will give you an Olio, or a Permifllon in writing, 
 " to buy, fell, or do any kind of Merchandize at Perfeen," 
 (after paying the proper Duties) and as He knew, that it 
 was for The Company's Intereft, that they fliould have a 
 Settlement in his Dominions, he would give them as much 
 Ground about Perfeen as they wanted, and I muft have fome- 
 body there to hoift Colours, or elfe he would think that the 
 Governor's expreflions of Friendlhip, were only wrote to amufe 
 him ; and me fent to his Country with fome other Defign 
 than was avowed ; the fuccefs of which, it was his Bufinefs 
 to prevent ; T told him, I could not poffibly ftay myfelf, 
 neither was it in my power, to give any other Perfons Authority 
 to aifl for the Company, but as his Majefty infifted fo ftrongly, 
 that fomebody ftiould ftay at Perfeen, if he would be pleafed 
 to releafe the Englifhmen in his Dominions, I would leave two 
 of them as a token of Friendftiip, and to look after the 
 <i and PEGU, timbers, as he defired, till the Honourable the Governorf 
 of Bengal and Madrafs fignified their Pleafure : This I w^s 
 
 5 F obliged 
 
 163
 
 37^ ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 obliged to fay, well knowing, that if I had not complied, 
 it would have ferved as a foundation for them to have quarrelled, 
 and might be attended with the lofs of my Liberty, at leaft, 
 by what the diftant threat of the Buraghmah King feemed to 
 infinuate ; The Buraghmah King faid that he wanted Arms, 
 Ammunition of all Sorts, Men, and Implements, to make Gunpowder, 
 and to caft Iron Shot -, alfo he wanted a Horfc and Mare, 
 each four Cubits high, and a Male and Female Camel, for to 
 breed ; that if the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs would 
 fupply him with thofe things, he would give them, in return, 
 the full Value, in any Commodities they pleafed, that his 
 Country produced ; I told him, I did not doubt but the 
 Honourable the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs would fupply 
 him with thofe things, if in their Power ; but at prefent, 
 as there was a War with the French, Arms and all kinds of 
 Ammunition, were fo fcarce that they could not be got, or 
 they would perhaps have fent him, a larger Quantity of them ; 
 and as for a Man to caft Iron Shot, there was none made, 
 only in Europe ; Thofe they have at Bengal and Madrafs being 
 brought from thence ready made, and as there was nobody, 
 there, knew how to make Iron Shot, it would take at leaft 
 three or four Years, before a Man could be brought from 
 Europe for that Purpofe ; then he afked me, if I could 
 engage, in the Name of The Company, to furnifli him with 
 thofe things, viz. Arms, Avimunition, &c. and he would give 
 them as much Ground, or any thing elfe they wanted, in 
 his Dominions, I faid, that I could [not] enter into Engagements 
 on the Part of The Honourable Company ; and, as I had 
 no Authority, if I did, they would not be valid ; but that 
 I would inform The Honourable the Governors of Bengal and 
 Madrafs, of what He faid, and defired he would give Orders, 
 to his Secretary, to mention in his Letter to them, any 
 ^rA and PEGU, thing he wanted ; he faid he would fo, and then defired 
 again, that as I was obliged myfelf to go away, I would 
 *^4 leave
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. ^77 
 
 leave two of the mofl: Senjible Men among the Englijhmeu, at 
 Perjeen, in the Name of The Company, 'till the Governor of 
 Madrafs (hoiild fend a proper Governor, otherwife, fays One 
 of his Counfellors, " We (liall imagine you are come as a Spy, 
 "and [not] to renew friendfhip ;" on which I anfwered, that 
 Spys came always privately, but that I had always faid, and 
 done every thing, in publkk; which might convince His 
 Majefty, that I had no private Orders, or any thing to 
 execute, but what was openly profeffed; and told the Buraghmah 
 King I would do as he defired, and he faid He would give 
 Orders for Olios to be made out for the delivering of whzt Eng/i^j- 
 men were in his Kingdom to me, as alfo an Olio, fignifying it was 
 his Pleafure, that the EngliJJj who refided at Perfeen, (hould 
 (after paying the proper Cujloms) have free Liberty to trade ; 
 and that no Perfon whatever fhould moleft them : and that if any 
 Englifh Ships arrived at Negraife, they fliould have Liberty 
 to trade on the fame terms; I was then ordered to withdraw, 
 and told, that, when I had any Bufinefs, I might again wait 
 on the Buraghmah King ; and if he wanted me, he would fend 
 for me : This Day Gregory was Majler of the CeremonieSy 
 and helped to interpret, what I faid to the King, but the 
 Letter to him, and the other to the Vizier was not read ia 
 my hearing. 
 
 " On the 24th, in the morning early, the Buraghmah King 
 fent me word, that he wanted the Boat, I came up in, 
 immediately, and that he would order me another; I was 
 obliged immediately to land every thing I had, on the Beach, 
 and make a Tent for the Prefent ; but afterwards as I faw 
 no likelihood of a Boat for fome time, I was obliged to build 
 a Bamboo Houfe, to fhelter me from the Weather, 'till I 
 could get a Boat, from a Man that had the Care of all 
 A and PEGU, the King's; and as I could not hire one there, before I did 
 g get one from him, it coft me more Trouble and Expence, 
 
 thaa
 
 378 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 than if I had hired one any where elfe, for all the Buraghmah 
 
 King gave Orders, in my hearing, to get me one the fame 
 
 day he took the other from me ; on the forenoon of the fame 
 
 day, viz. the 24th, I was fent for to the Palace, to fee, 
 
 what things I brought for Sale, opened before the Buraghmah 
 
 King, I went accordingly, and though I told them, 1 could 
 
 not poflibly fell the whole, but mufl: keep fome for Prefents, 
 
 it fignified nothing; for Gregory, as Cuftom Mafter, took 
 
 one Tenth of the whole Quantity, I had given an Account of, 
 
 at my Arrival at Perfeen (but as I had given away as Prefents, 
 
 fome of the Goods, before I fet out for Muxabooe, was obliged 
 
 to give a particular Account, to whom I had given them, 
 
 for, fays Gregory, " We mtift take care, that thefe Strangers do 
 
 *' not, under pretence of Prefents, fell Goods, and fo defraud 
 
 " the Buraglmiah King of his duties)" then he took for the Chop, 
 
 Godown-hire, &c. at the rate of five ^ Cent more, He would 
 
 not except thefe very things, which I had given as aPrefent 
 
 to the Buraghmah King, but took duties for them, the fame 
 
 as if I had fold them ; there was fome white Cloth, damaged 
 
 in the Buraghmah Boats, after they had taken it out of mine; 
 
 for that Gregory took Cufioms, &c. out of the Good, which 
 
 when I objefted to, as I could not fell it, was filenced, 
 
 by being told in a very peremptory manner, that the 
 
 Buraghmah King had occafion for more than the whole ; and 
 
 flood to no lolles. Afterwards what things the Buraghmah 
 
 King wanted were picked out, and then the Minifters took 
 
 what they liked beft. When I afked what price, they would 
 
 give me, was anfwered, that on that Head, I had beft fay 
 
 nothing ; for the Buraghmah King was not to be dealt with 
 
 as a Merchant, but always gave what Price he pleafed, which 
 
 ] found, afterwards, was not half, what I could have got from 
 
 other People, and the Minifters took care to follow his 
 
 AFA and PEGU. Example in that, and every thing elfe they got any thing 
 
 by ; I faw it was in vain to complain, fo told them I relied 
 166 on
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 379 
 
 on his Majefty's Pleafure, in that, and every thing elfe : at 
 which the Buraghmah King feemed pleafed, and told me that 
 next time 1 came, I fhould bring more Goods, for that the 
 Duties ofthefe, were fcarce worth taking the trouble of counting 
 them for ; and faid I might take away the Remainder of the 
 Goods, and fell them to whom I pleafed; on this I went 
 away to my Tent. 
 
 " On the 25th, early in morning, the Buraghmah King fent 
 for me, and defired me to lliew him, my Original Orders from 
 Madrafs and Bengal; which, when 1 did, after a great many 
 Queftions, which were alked to fee if they could touch me 
 in any Contradictions, I was ordered to read them, and when 
 they v/ere explained to the Buraghmah King, he called to 
 Gregory, in a furly manner, that there was no mention of 
 fettling Ne^raife, either in his Letters, or my Orders, and afked 
 him where the three Ships, and great Quantities of Goods 
 were, that he told him of; Gregory made no Anfwer, and 
 the King afked me, where the Letter, Gregory had given me 
 at Per/eeni, as a Copy of his, was; I had got it tranflated 
 into the Buraghmah Tongue, in coming up the River, and 
 gave it to Him, he ordered one of his Secretarys to fend it, 
 when he had heard it read, he afked me, if I was certain, 
 that this was a true Tranjlation, on which I appealed to the 
 Buraghmah Officer, and A7itony, to both of whom Gregory had 
 explained it, in the fame manner on his Arrival at Perfeem, 
 who both affirmed the truth of the Tranjlation ; on which he 
 faid to Gregory, that he had once defigned to make him 
 Sea-Cujlomer at Perfeem, according to his Deiire ; but as he 
 was fo expert of making himfelf a Prince^ and an Agent for 
 The Company, that to-morrow, or next day, he expeded to 
 hear him give himfelf the name of a King ; and told him to 
 / and PEGU, go with his Comrade, on the other fide the River, (meaning 
 the General in Ava) on which Gregory pleaded his Letter 
 ^^'1 5G from
 
 jgo ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 from Mr. Pigot, as fomcthing to countenance what he had 
 faid, about The Company (having appointed him to tranfaft 
 affairs on their Part, and the Buragkniah King) then the King 
 afked me, if Mr. Pigot, or the Governor of Bengal had told 
 me to apply to Gregory for any Affiftance, I anfwered, 
 they had not ; on which Gregory was ordered out of the 
 Palace that Inftant ; and he, feeming a little tardy, was 
 dragged out in the Street : after this the Buraghmah King 
 would never fufFer an Armenian, to interpret any thing to him, 
 but always called for Antony, who, to do him Juftice, was 
 of great Service to me, by telling me whofe Intereft with 
 the Buraghmah King was ftrongeft, and the manner of 
 infinuating into fome of the Great Men's favour, whofe 
 difpofition he knew ; alfo to whom, and the manner, to apply 
 for the fooneft difpatch of my Bufmefs. But notwithftanding 
 all I could do, I could [not] get my Difpatch till the 9th 
 of Oftober, for though I made all the Minifters Prefents, 
 through whofe hands Bufmefs paffed, on my firft Arrival, as 
 I was told, by every body, I would be much fooncr difpatched 
 for it ; yet always when I went to aik, when the Letters 
 would be ready, and when I fliould go away, I was put off 
 with Delays, and evafive anfwers ; there was fome things of 
 greater Confcquence, which would take up fo long a time, 
 and muft be difpatched firft, but that the Letters and Difpatches 
 for me, fhould be the firft Bufmefs, they would do afterwards ; 
 I was put off in this manner for Ten, or Twelve Days, when 
 one Evening, one of the Secretary's Servants, that ufed to 
 come to my houfe, and to whom I was complaining of the 
 Delays, that 1 was almoft every day put off with, told me 
 that it was done on purpofe, and that without 1 gave all the 
 Minifters, a confiderable Prefent, each, I might be fix months 
 before I got away ; for, fays he, the Letters want only to 
 AFA and PEGU, be fair-copied, and the Olios to be made out, all may be done 
 in half a day, if they pleafed to difpatch You. 
 
 I told 
 
 168
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 381 
 
 I told him that Was an Impofition, and I would complain of 
 it to the Biiraghmah King, but replied he, " what Linguijl dare, 
 '* or will, carry a Complaint to the Buraghmah King, againft the 
 " Vizier, Secretarys, &c. or if they did tell him what you defire, 
 *' he would only laugh at it, and fay that it was what every body 
 *' elfe did; and why not a Stranger; for the Prefents the 
 *' Minifters get, in that manner, are what they live by ; The 
 " Buraghmah King pays them nothing, for which Reafon he will 
 " give no heed to a Complaint of that Kind ; However if you 
 " plcafe, you may try the Experiment, but take my word you'll 
 *' wilh you had let it alone ; for to tell you a Secret, the 
 ** Buraghmah King, in the prefent poflure of his Affairs, will not 
 " quarrel with them for a Trifle; as they are all leading Men in 
 " the Country, and can be of great Service, or Prejudice, to his 
 " Intereft at this time ; but fays he if you do give any thing, 
 *' the fooner you do fo, the better, and the more eafiiy they will 
 *' be fatlsfied ; it will not be above three hundred Tekals to 
 " each of them; and there is eight in Number; bcfides, if you 
 " have made any remarks on the Prefent Situation of Affairs here, 
 " or have any Papers you would not have fecn, you had beft 
 *' deftroy them, for I have heard that there is a Defign to fearch 
 " your Houfe, to look for Papers, in order to difcover, if poffible, 
 " whether or not you have any Defigns, but thofe you publickly 
 " profcfs ; but take no Notice to any body of what I have told 
 " you, or it may coft me my Life," I thanked him for his Advice 
 and told him I would confider of what he had faid, and would 
 fee him next Day. This was the 7th of Odober, and that ' 
 Night I deftroyed the Diary, I had kept fince my Arrival at 
 Perfeem, though there was nothing in it, if rightly underftood, 
 that could be of Prejudice to me ; but as I found that every 
 frivolous pretence, ferved to fqueeze money from People in 
 this Place, I thought it moft prudent to deftroy it, and run 
 no rifque. Next Morning I heard that there were two 
 and PEGU, leading Men, in the Army, imprifoned, for holding a 
 j^Q Correfpondence
 
 382 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Correfpondence with the General in Ava, and that there was a 
 Letter taken from one of their Servants, from the General to 
 them, leUing them, that he had certain Advices from the late 
 King of Ava's Son, at Si am, being on his March to Ava, at the 
 head of an Army of Siamefe, to come and take on him, the 
 Title of King oi Ava; which he was born to ; whom, as foon 
 as near enough, he did not doubt to fight his way to, through 
 all oppofition, that the prefenc King would be able to make ; 
 I had alfo heard of a Confpiracy, to place the prefenc King's 
 younger Brother on the Throne, which it was faid was ripe for 
 Execution, the firft opportunity ; thefc things, and what the 
 Secretary's Servant told me, in regard to Complaints againft the 
 Minifters, (which I found to be true for I alked my own 
 Linguijl and Antony both, but not one of them would utter a 
 word of Complaint againft the Minifters) obliged me to 
 comply with their exhorbitant expedations, alfo I found very 
 true what he told, with regard to fearching my Papers ; for 
 the Day afterwards. Two of the King's Servants came, and 
 brought a Moor with them, for an Interpreter, and under 
 Pretence of looking for Nick-Knacks, which rhey faid the 
 King's Women had dcfired them to afk me for, made me open 
 [every] lock I had, and every bit of Paper, that any thing 
 was wrote on, aiked me what it was, and under pretence of 
 ihewing the King's PFonien, the European zvriting, cariied away 
 feveral Papers, for there was a Dutchman, that underftood a 
 little of EngUJ]}, and could read fome words (that they had 
 taken with Mr. Bjrncan) to him, I heard afterwards, the)' ftiewed 
 them, in order to find our, whether or not 1 had told them 
 truth, with regard to what was wrote on them ; but his Story 
 and mine agreeing, they were returned to me, the Papers were 
 my failing Orders from Bengal and Madrafs, alfo a Kv.rope Letter 
 from a Relation, and the other happened to be a Copy of the 
 AFA and PEGU. Letter, I fent to Gregory from the Nicohars; I was told, 
 that when either the Goz-ernor of Madrafs or Bengal wrote again 
 
 to 
 
 170
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 383 
 
 to the King, he defired that the Letters might be wrote in 
 Englip, for as neither I nor the Buragbmahs underftood the 
 Perfian Language, the People that did, and were employed to 
 read the Letters, had it in their Power to keep the Governors of 
 Bengal and Madrafs from being rightly underftood by his 
 Majejly, whereas if they were wrote in EngUJIo, as nioft of them 
 underftood Portuguefe, as alfo many of his Subjeds, it would 
 not be in the Power of thefe People to make mifunderftandings 
 fo eafily. 
 
 " On the 9th of Oftober, in the Morning, I carried Prcfents 
 to all the Minifters, in proportion to their Stations (that if 
 poffible I might get away before any new Difturbances happened, 
 which might probably effeftually hinder me getting away at 
 all) I was then told, that my Olios for the releafe of the 
 Englijlmien, Chokeys, &c. as alfo the King's Letters would be 
 ready the next day, and they defired me to carry a Prefent 
 on the morrow forenoon to the Buraghmah King, when I 
 would get his Letters, &c. but was told that I muft pay 
 for writing and gilding the King's Letters, and alfo for their 
 Cafes, likewife forty Tikals, a head for the Englijlomen' s Olios, 
 or that, as this was a Perquifite of the Under-Secretary's, 
 that they could not poffibly be finiflied without, as I was 
 well convinced of the truth of what the Principal Secretary 
 told me, with regard to the delays that would be occafioned, 
 by not complying with thefe Demands, I thought it befl to 
 make no hcfitation ; but immediately paid the money, and 
 next day in the forenoon, viz. loih Oiflobcr, I went to the 
 Palace with a Prefent to the Buraghmah King, and received 
 his Letters, goti-.i the OVio^, and took leave of him alfo, 
 and in the Evening fet out for Perfeem in Company with 
 Aiitony, who was included in this Paflport I had for the 
 Chokeys. I had forgot to mention, that on my way up the 
 171 River, when I was at Prone, I faw the Noqueda of the Fame, 
 
 S H that 
 
 .4 and PEGU.
 
 384 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 that was feized at Dagon about two years ago, he told mc 
 the Buraghmab King had alfo given him his Liberty, on the 
 news of our Arrival, and a Letter from the Eugliflj Chief at 
 Sural, which he Ihewed me, but on my way down the River, 
 I heard, on my Arrival at Prone, that he died a few Days 
 after I had fecn him, and that every thing that belonged to 
 him was feized for the Buraghmah King ; this his Servant 
 told me, who had alfo obtained his Liberty, at the fame 
 time his niafter did, and came from Prone to Bengal with me. 
 When at Siggeyu, two days after the feaft of the Candles, 
 which was about the 27th of September, it is cuftomary for 
 every body to carry a prefent and congratulate the Buraghmah 
 King as in England at the new year ; I alfo went according 
 to the Cuftom, at which the King feemed much pleafcd, and 
 told me, he would make me a prefent of any thing I afked 
 him for, whether an ELphant, a Horfe, or what elfe I liked 
 bed : 1 had feen at Dagon, when there, (which I had forgot 
 to mention) three Dutchmen that were Slaves, one a Surgeon, 
 and two SoUiers, that belonged to a Settlement the Dutch had 
 at SiAM, and which the Buraghmahs took and plundered 
 (in the fame nvinner they had done Negraife) in their late 
 Expedition, there were in it thirteen Europeans in all, which 
 were killed, only thefe three, who were at Dagon in a very 
 mifcrable fituation ; \Vhen 1 faw the Buraglmah King wanted 
 1 fhould afk fomething of him, I begged that he would 
 releafe thcfe three Men, and let them go with me to Bengal, 
 from whence they could go to their own countrymen again ; 
 this the King without Hefitation confented to, and gave Orders 
 that an Olio, for their Releafe, fliould be made out, and given 
 to me with thofe for the Releafe of the Englijlomen, but a 
 Dutchman, who was formerly Captain Sutherland's mate, and 
 run away from him, on being detected embezzling his Effe(fls, 
 jifA and PECU. and has been with the Buraghmahs ever fince, what his Reafons 
 were I know not, but he went to one of the Generals and 
 
 told 
 
 172
 
 rf and PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 385 
 
 rold him, that thofe Dutchmen, the King was giving their 
 Liberty to, could be of more Service to him, than all the 
 Europeans in the Kingdom, for they underftood making of 
 Gunpowder ; this the General went immediately, and told the 
 King of, who afterwards fent for me, and faid that he was 
 in great Want of Gunpowder, and had nobody that could 
 make any good, for which reafon he could not be fo good 
 as his Word, in releafing the three Dutchmen, as he was 
 told that they could make Gunpowder, better than any 
 body he had in his Kingdom ; and then immediately 
 ordered them to be fent for, from Dagon, this Meffage and 
 order the Dutchman begged leave to execute, and was 
 accordingly fent away to Dagon for them ; but on my going 
 to Dagon, for what Englijhmen were there, I heard that two of 
 them, the Surgeon and one of the Soldiers, were dead, and 
 that the Prince of Dagon had put the other on board a Ship, 
 he was fitting out to fend to the Nicobars. All the Englifl:tnen 
 I could hear of in the Country, which were only jiie, I got 
 an order for their Releafe, by name they were ; Mr. Robert/on, 
 and one Lewis, who belonged to the train, of the Negraife 
 People, Mr. Helafs, the chief mate, and Richard Lee, a 
 Quartermafter of the Fame, and one Richard Battle, that 
 belonged to Mr. IVhitehill's Veflel, all the reft died, in the 
 late Expedition with the Buraghmahs to Si am, at leaft none 
 of thofe mentioned, nor any body clfe I faw, know to the 
 contrary ; and according to the Buraghmah King's earneft requeft, 
 I pitched on MefTrs. Robert/on and Helafs to ftay at Perfeem, 
 till the Honourable the Governors of Bengal or Madrafs fignified 
 their Pleafure to the contrary ; and got an Olio for them, 
 by Name, for that purpofe ; fignifying that it was his Majefty's 
 pleafure, that nobody (hould in the leaft moleft them, while 
 they conformed to the Cuftoms of the Country ; alfo that 
 they might take any of the Honourable Company's Timbers, 
 wherever they found them, in order to have them in readinefs, 
 if the Honourable the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs (hould 
 
 think
 
 S86 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 think, proper to fend for them, and continue in FriendQiip 
 with his Majefty. 
 
 " On the 13th October, I arrived at Tangoe, on my way 
 
 down the River, where I met with two of the Englijhmeny 
 
 viz. Lewis, and Lee, who were on their way to the Buraghmah 
 
 King, being fent by the Prince at Dagon, in order to affift at 
 
 the Siege of Ava, I fliewed the Buraghmah King's Order for 
 
 their Releafe, to the man in whofe charge they were, but he 
 
 could not deliver them to me, he faid, as the order was 
 
 dircdled to the Prince at Dagon, who had not feen it, and 
 
 had given him a ftrid order, to carry them to the Buraghmah 
 
 Kingy fo finding I could make nothing of this fellow, I 
 
 determined to fend up my Linguijt again to Siggeyn, to procure 
 
 an Order for this man to deliver them to me, accordingly 
 
 on the 14th I hired a boat, and wrote three Letters, one to 
 
 the principal Secretary, one to the Vizier, and another to a 
 
 relation of the Buraghmah King, letting them know the reafon 
 
 of my troubling them again, and begging they would procure 
 
 an Order for this man's delivering the two Englifimen to me, 
 
 if he fliould not be arrived at Siggeyn when my Unguijl left 
 
 it; with thefe three Letters, I was obliged to fend a prefent 
 
 with each, as, by Experience, I knew, that nothing could be 
 
 done without ; and on the 15th the Lingniji fet out accordingly 
 
 for Siggeyn. As my Interpreter was gone up, I dropt down 
 
 the River with the Stream, in order to give him time to 
 
 overtake me again, before I pafled Prone, having refolved to 
 
 go to Dagon firft, rather than Perfeem, in order to get the 
 
 Englijlomen that were there, for fear they fliould be fent up 
 
 to Ava, as Lewis and Lee were, which would put it out of 
 
 my power to get them releafed at prefent, and to fend a Boat 
 
 with a Letter from Prone, to Perfeem, to advife my Officers 
 
 AFA and PEGU, of my coming, and to dcfire them to take in as many of 
 
 the Honourable Company's Tinihers, as the Veffel would 
 
 '^ carry. 
 
 " On
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 387 
 
 " On the 20th. of 0(ftober, I arrived at Prone, and on the 23d. 
 the Liiiguiji, with Leicis and Lee, arrived ; he having got an 
 Order, and taken them out of the boat from Dagon, before fhe 
 arrived at Siggeyn, however I was obliged to flay at Prone, till 
 the 25th. on account of Antony's being fick, who was included 
 in the paflport for the Chokey's with me, and which he took 
 care to keep, for fear I (hould leave him ; Antony being a little 
 better, on the 26th, in the morning, I prevailed on him to fet 
 out, and about 5 in the Evening, of the fame day, were much 
 furprifed to fee a large town called Aieam, all in Flames, and a 
 Crowd of People on the Shoar at a Fillage, about 5 Miles above 
 it, calling to us to come afhoar; we went accordingly, and 
 they told us, that the Governor of Meavi, who was at Slggeyn 
 when I left it, and who had affifted my Linguijl to procure an 
 order for the tzvo Englifrmcn I fent him back for, had fled 
 from Court with three others, one of whom was a General 
 and had arrived at Meam the night before, to which they 
 immediately fet fire, and fled into the woods, what their 
 intentions were they knew not, but they hadfpread a Report, that 
 one of the Bnragbmah King's Brothers had rebelled at Siggeyn, 
 whether true or falfe they could not tell, but they called to us, 
 to advife us of the Danger, this information made me lay afide 
 my Defign of going to Dagon firft, and proceed for Perfeem, as 
 faft as poflible, not knowing what might follow the burning of 
 Meam, fo I gave the boat people extraordinary pay, and made 
 them row Night and Day, till I arrived at Perfeem, which was 
 on the 28th at Night. Having given orders to rigg the Vefl~el, 
 and get her ready to drop down as faft as poflible, the next 
 Day I went up to Kiozvk Kiozv, to procure rice and provijiom for 
 our pafl^ige, and finding by the report of every body, that thofe 
 who had burnt Meam, had not in the Icaft molefted any body elfe, 
 but concealed themfelves in the Woods, I. hired a Boat to go to 
 Dagon, for the other tzvo Engli/Iomcn that were there, as I 
 lyf knew I could be back before the Vcfl"el would be loaded, and 
 
 J I ProviHons 
 
 d and PEGV.
 
 388 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Provifions procured, which might be done in my Abfence ; 
 
 and fet out from Pcrfeem on the 31ft. Oflober, and on the 4th. 
 
 November arrived at Dagon ; the fame Day I deUvered the 
 
 Buragkmahs Kiii/s Order for the releafe of the EngliJJjmen to the 
 
 Prince, which he immediately complied with, and defired me 
 
 to ftay a Day, or two, for fome Letters, that he would write 
 
 to the Governors of Bengal and Madrajs ; he then afked me to 
 
 give a Bajs for the Ship that was fitting out for the Nicobars, I 
 
 told him I had no authority to give a Pafs ; and that if I took 
 
 upon me to do fo, it could not be of the lead fervice to them, 
 
 but rather hurt ; and befides, a Thing of that kind would be 
 
 of great prejudice to me, as I had not the lead authority for 
 
 it ; then fays he you mufl: give a Certificate, that the 
 
 Buraghmah King has releafed all the EngliJJomen in his Kiiigdoniy 
 
 and wants to live in friendfliip with the Englijh, for in all 
 
 probability they may meet with fome Englijh Ship, who may 
 
 take them to the Coajl, and detain them till the News from 
 
 you arrive, by which means, we fhall at leaft lofe a Foyage to 
 
 the Nicobars, before the dry Seafon is done ; as this could not 
 
 well be refufed, I accordingly gave him a Certificate as he 
 
 defired, and he got a Maftefe that underftands Englijh to tell 
 
 him what I had wrote in it ; When at Dagon I was informed 
 
 that there was a Portugueje Man who had put into Alergni (when 
 
 the Biiraghmahs were there, in a Malaye Prow, he had no Pajs, 
 
 but faid he came from Padang) on the IVeJl-CoaJl of Sumatra, 
 
 and on his paflage into the Straits of Malacca he fell in with 
 
 fome Malaye Prows, who attacked him, and his Stern taking 
 
 [fire] in the Engagement, occafioned the lofs of all his papers ; 
 
 he had on board a very handfome fett of Silver handled Knives 
 
 and forks, with table and tea fpoons, marked with a creft of a 
 
 Hart's head, about 4000 Dollars in Specie, alfo fome Gold, 
 
 feveral fuits of laced Cloaths, with Linnen &c. in proportion, 
 
 feveral Eiilijh Miijqiiets and other things, the Shirts were marked 
 
 ^rj and FEGV. XC.and fome PS. there was alfo feveral EngliJJ: books, on fome of 
 
 which 
 176
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 389 
 
 which was wrote the names Rickjby, and on others, Charles Mearsj 
 1 759, none of which he could read, nor any body elfe he had 
 on board, he had alfo a Hadkys ^ladrant, and a fet of French 
 Charts, the ufes of which he knew not ; the Buraghmahs had 
 not troubled him with many Enquiries, but fiezed him and his 
 Veffel, and brought them to Dagon with them ; where he now 
 was, the EffeAs were fent up to the Buraghmah King, before 
 my Arrival there, on hearing this I went to the Prince, and 
 defired he would be fo good as to fend for this man, and let 
 me examine him before him, as I had reafon to think from the 
 above account, (which 1 told him) he had robbed fome EngliJJ} 
 Fejfel, where he got thofe things, and poffibly had alfo 
 murdered the Owners; he was accordingly (ent for, and the 
 Prince defired me to make what enquiries I thought proper, 
 he told me his name was Jofeph de Cruz, but that he generally 
 went by the Name of Janfy; and, after a good many 
 contradidlory Storys, he confefled that he was in an Englijh 
 Sloop, on the Wejl-Coafi of Sumatra, and failed from Negapatam 
 the lad Place (he left on the Coajl, fometime in 1759, and the 
 Captain's Name was Ford or fometl^ng like it, they had been 
 at Tappanooly, and had carried Mr. Hall, who was Chief there, 
 down to Nat all; Mr. Hall and the Captain went adioar 
 immediately on their arrival there, and in the Evening 
 three European Soldiers came oft", with an order to the 
 officer on board, informing him that there was Four 
 French Ships on the Coajl, which they hourly expedled, and 
 ordering him to weigh as foon as poffible and proceed to 
 fome place on Pido Nias, and there Iny for further orders, this 
 was immediately complied with ; and at that Place, the Lafcars, 
 that were on board, took an Opportunity to murder the Officer 
 and two of the Soldiers, the other was a Frenchman whom they 
 fpared, then tliis Fellow carried the Sloop along flioar to fome of 
 
 anJ PEGU, j^g jji^^^j^ off j^j/in Head, where they took fome MaLiye Prows, 
 
 and 
 
 177
 
 390 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 and divided the EffeBs, that were on board the S/oop, (which 
 they funk or burnt) into three Parts, viz. one for this fellow, 
 ■who was Gunner, one for the Sevang, and another for the Tindal, 
 each of whom put their Plunder into a Prow, and went where 
 their Inclinations led them ; this Fellow intended for Jiinkfielon, 
 but fell into Mergui, in April laft ; where the others went to 
 he faid he knew not ; the Soldier they had not murdered, and 
 who came with this fellow, was fent up to Jlva, on his arrival 
 at Dagon, 1 did not fee him or I would have enquired of him 
 alfo about this Aflair ; thefe were all the Circumftances I could 
 get from this fellow. When he had done his Story, and it was 
 explained to the Prince, I defired, as this fellow had, by his own 
 Confeffion, murdered the Commander of an Englip Vcflel, and 
 ran away with her, that he would be pleafed to deliver him to 
 me, to carry to Bengal, that he might be tryed by the Englijh 
 haws, and punilhed accordingly ; the Prince faid he could not 
 comply with my requeft, without firfl acquainting the Buraghmah 
 King, which would take up much time before he could get an 
 anfwer, but that he would detain him Prifoner, till he acquainted 
 the Buragh77iah King, and till he heard from the Governor of 
 Bengal or Madrafs, to whom he would write about it. 
 
 " On the 7th November, Gregory arrived at Dagon from 
 SiggeyHf with a Letter from the Buraghmah King, informing 
 the Prince, that he had appointed him to aft under the 
 Sea-Cuftomer, when he fliould be made at Perfeem, and to 
 let him have one hundred Families from Dagon, to clear 
 away and rebuild Perfeem ; but the Prince did not give the 
 leaft Notice to it, and told Gregory, that he might go again 
 and tell the Buraghmah King, he would not let him [have] 
 one Man from Dagon ; neither would he fuffer him to carry 
 any of his Effcfts out of the Tovjn, as he expefted the Peguers 
 would be coming that way foon, as it would difcourage thofe 
 jiFA and PEGU, that (laid behind ; this he did to thwart Gregory, 1 believe, 
 j^g for on my falling fick there, and applying to him for a more 
 
 convenient
 
 i and PEGU. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 391 
 
 convenient boat, he immediately fent one of his people to 
 hire one for me, and gave orders that I might have as 
 many People as I wanted. 
 
 " On the 9th November, having got the Prince's Letters, 
 for the Honourable the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs, I 
 fet out for Perfeem, with Mr. Helafs and Richard Battle in 
 Company with me, in the boat, I came from Perfeem in, 
 when I arrived on the 14th, I found that as yet there was 
 not Rice enough provided for a two months paflage, which 
 we might probably meet with, at this Seafon of the year, to 
 Bengal, fo having procured that and every [thing] elfe proper 
 that we could get, we left Perfeem on the 2 2d, and having 
 got fafe down the River, we failed, from Negiaife, on the 
 30th November, and as, at this Seafon of the Year, we 
 muft be obliged to work up in cf-^ ground, could not hoifl: 
 the boat in, fhe being leaky I was obliged to keep two people 
 in her, to throw the water out, and on the 3d of December 
 in the night, an unexpefted gale of wind coming on from 
 the SE, and increafing with great Violence, fo that at 8 in 
 the morning, not thinking the People fafe in the boat, tryed 
 to hawl her up to take them out, but at that time, an 
 exceffive hard fquall coming on, and a Sea breaking on the 
 boat, filled her and waQied the two People out of her, and 
 as we durfl not bring the Veflel to them, and could not 
 hawl the boat up, was obliged to cut her away : nothing 
 elfe remarkable happened on the Paflage from Negraife. 
 
 " On the 7th December, we met with the Calcutta Snozu, 
 Captain Baillie, from Madrafs, who kept us Company into 
 Ballafore Road, where we o^ on the loth December. I left 
 at Perfeem MefTrs. James Robertfon and John Helafs, to flay 
 there till the Honourable the Governors of Bengal or Madrafs, 
 
 5K or
 
 39i ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 or either of them, ftiould give Orders to the Contrary, for I 
 could not poffibly avoid leaving them, as it was urged in fuch a 
 manner to me, that I thought I had reafon to apprehend bad 
 confequenccs if I refufcd it, and if not approved off by their 
 Honours, any Veffel pafling that way, by only <+-> off 
 Negraife, may very eafily and without trouble bring them away; 
 as they will always be prepared for going at a Minute's 
 Warning, and will be fure to be on board any Veffel that 
 «f-^ near that place, as the Biiraghmahs will defire them to 
 go, in order to bring Ships to Perfeem, 
 
 " With regard to difturbances in the Country, as there is 
 nothing to be gained by molefting them, and all Parties 
 want affiftance, they will certainly be full as fafe, if not fafer, 
 than I was in going up to the Buraghmah King, when I was 
 fent for ; at that time all the common people wilhed earneflly, 
 that there was an European Settlement that was able to proteft 
 them from the prefcnt Oppreffions they fuffer in the Country; 
 and if I may judge from appearances, every Body of Figure, 
 I had any Converfation with, and has no Dependance on the 
 prefent reigning Family, would be glad of a change of Government; 
 and for that Reafon, as they imagine that the EngliJ]} has it 
 more in their Power to be of Service, or Prejudice, to them 
 than any other Nation, as there is no profit to be got, they 
 will not openly hurt them, and privately none but the Armenians 
 will, whofe Intereft in that Country is very low at prefent. 
 What Inftruftions I left with Meffrs. Robert/on and Helafs 
 are as follows. 
 
 To Meffrs. James Robert/on and John Helafs. 
 
 Gentlemen. 
 " The Honourable the Governors of Bengal and Madrafs 
 having thought proper to fend me in the ViBoria Snow, to this 
 Place, with Letters, and prefents for his Majefty the King of 
 x8o the Buraghjnahnsy in order to obtain your Liberty, with that of 
 
 the 
 
 ^FA and PEGU.
 
 and PEGU, 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 395 
 
 cRe other Englijhmen, held in Slavery, by his Majefty ; alfo to 
 obtain Security for the Honourable Company's Effeds, fcized 
 at Negraife in Odtober 1759, the Buraghmah King, on Receipt 
 of the Letters and prefents, releafed all the Englijhmen in his 
 Dominions ; alfo gave leave to take away what Timbers were at 
 Negraife and Perfeem, belonging to the Honourable Company ; 
 this was all could be obtained of him ; and the fame time he 
 infifled I fhould leave two People at Perfeem, to look after the 
 Timbers ; and to refide there, in the name of the Honourable 
 Company, till a proper Governor is fent from Madrafs or 
 Bengal; with which requeft, I have complied, and do hereby 
 defire that both of you, the above named, will remain here 
 till the Governor of Bengal or MaJrafs's Pleafure is known ; 
 taking care to do every thing that you think may be of any 
 Service to the Honourable Company's Affairs. 
 
 I am. Gentlemen, 
 Perfeem, 2zd Nov. 1760. Your moft humble Servant. 
 
 " With this I give your Honours a Tranflation, of the King 
 of the Buraghmakn's Letter, which I had tranflated at Siggeyn 
 into Englifj, as probably there might be fome difficulty of 
 getting it tranflated in Bengal. 
 
 " As I was obliged to deftroy my Diary, and kept none after- 
 wards, till I arrived at Perfeem from Dagon, there may probably 
 be fome things I heard, and faid, left out ; but nothing of any 
 confequence was faid, or done, in which 1 was any way con- 
 cerned, but what I have mentioned. 
 
 I am, 
 
 Honourable Sir and Sirs, 
 
 Dec. 10th 1760. Your moft obedient humble Servant, 
 
 JValler Jives.. 
 
 The
 
 394 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Translation of a Letter, fent by the Khig of the 
 Buraghmahs, to the Honourable Governor of Madrafs. Oftober 
 1760. ^ the Snow FiEloria. 
 
 " I the moft high and mighty King of all Kings, the beloved 
 Son of good fortune, and the moft fortunate Mafter of all 
 thefe my Dominions ; Sole and Supreme Lord of the three 
 Pegu Kingdoms, with all their Provinces ; alio Mafter of the 
 Mines of Gold, Silver, Diamonds, Rubies, Sapphirs, Emeralds, 
 Amber, and all manner o£ precious Stones, in thefe my Dominions ; 
 now at the Golden City, in a Golden Palace, under a Silver 
 Canopy ; Mafter of all good fortune, with a cheerful Counte- 
 nance, and a free Heart, together with a good Will, towards 
 the Governor of Madrafs. Send this to acquaint him. 
 
 " That Captain Hope, when Chief at the Negrais, did not 
 behave agreeable to the Contracl and Promifes, made on the 
 part of the Company, to the King, my Father, who gave 
 Negraife and Perfeem to The Company, to trade and merchandize 
 there, on condition, that they paid the cuftomary duties, &c. 
 to the King, my Father ; and alfo aflift him if required ; but 
 the Governors of the Negrais did not only trade, without paying 
 any duties themklves, but hindered Merchant VefTels, that 
 came to trade, and would have paid them, from entering the 
 Port of Perfeem, to my Father's lofs and prejudice ; alfo Capr. 
 Hope kept a Correfpondence with the Peguers, my Father's 
 Enemies, and fupplied them with Provifions, Arms and Ammu- 
 nicion ; with which they killed his Slaves, and robbed and 
 deftroyed his Country, whereat my Father being angry, ordered 
 his Slaves to feize and deftroy the Factory at the Negrais. The 
 King, my Father, fometime fince, being wearied of this IForld, 
 went to Govern in a better; and I, his eldefl Son, am now feated 
 on his Throne ; But I am far from believing, either the Governor 
 of Madrafs knew of, confented to, or approved of thefe adtions 
 182 oi\.\\t Governors oi Negrais, and as for rXxt New Governor, that 
 
 arrived 
 
 AFJ and PEGU.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 395 
 
 arrived the day before the Negrais was deftroyed, it was lils ill 
 fortune to be amongfl thofe who were guilty, and his lot to 
 be killed there ; as when you put a piece of fVood in the fre, 
 in which is a fVorm you know not of, // is, for want of being 
 diftingiiifhed, burnt in the /^ooi, fo it happened to the Nnu 
 Govenwr. 
 
 " But if you have a mind to trade in my Dominions, 
 I will give you as much ground as you chufe, at Per/eem, 
 or any thing elfe that is in my Kingdom, that you defire ; 
 on Condition that you pay the cuftomary Duties, and fupply 
 me with Arms and Ammunition, for which I will give you 
 in return, the value in Timbers, Wax, Ivory, Amber, or precious 
 Stones, for I am at prefent in want of both Arms and 
 Ammunition, as fome of my Slaves have rebelled againft me 
 their Lord and King; I have releafed, according to your 
 defire, the jive Englijhmen that were in my Kingdom, and on 
 the receipt of this Letter, I defire you will fend me as 
 under, viz. 
 
 Powder Sieves . . 1000 
 
 Muflcets .... 10,000 
 
 Flints 
 
 Steel 
 
 Iron . . « 
 
 500,000 
 1000 Vifs 
 1000 D? 
 
 " A Horfe and Mare, both four Cubits high, and a "Male 
 and Female Catnel, Thefe I want for Breed. 
 
 " Great and fmall Shot of fizes, as much as you pleafe, 
 and Powder. Alfo fend me a Man, that can caft Iron Shot, 
 and for all thefe things I will give what you defire." 
 
 The Letter to the Governor of Bengal is an exadt copy of this, 
 only change of names. As alfo the four Vizier's Letter, 
 ^A and PEGU. Yvhich is wrote in the name of them all. 
 
 183 5 L Antonio
 
 396 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Jntonio the Linguijl, To the Honourable George Pigoot, Efq. 
 Governor of Fort St. George. 
 
 Perfainty 24th November, 1760. 
 
 Honourable Sir, 
 
 I am forry to think, that your Honour fhould have reafon tO' 
 
 think, that I have been any way concerned in that unlucky 
 
 affair, that happened at the Negrais, in the month of Odlober 
 
 1 759 ; but give me leave to affure your Honour, that I was 
 
 no furth concerned, than as a Linguijier for the King's Officer,. 
 
 who commanded the Party ; and fo far I was obliged by the 
 
 Order of the King, which Order was abfolute, and would 
 
 admit of no Evafion, for the King faid, in the Order, that I 
 
 muft go to the Negrais, as a Linguijler, and if by any means 
 
 his Defign difcovered, he would look on me as the Author of 
 
 the Difcovery, and my PFife and every Man, Woman, and Child 
 
 who had any dependence on, or connexion with, me, he 
 
 would immediately put to death, to avenge himfelf of me. But 
 
 that I have always had a very great regard for the Englijh, as I- 
 
 am in Duty bound, and as Adions are always preferable to 
 
 Words, I fliall fay nothing in my own juftification ; but refer 
 
 myfelf firft to Mr Robert fan, who faw how far I was concerned 
 
 in the cucting off ATc^^mj; and next to Capt. Alves, who well 
 
 knows what pains I have taken to affift; him, in Tranfadting the 
 
 Bufmefs he was charged with, on Account of the Honowahle 
 
 Company ; and efpecially as he has had the good fortune to 
 
 fucceed, in renewing the Fricndfhip, which formerly fubfifted 
 
 betwixt his Majefly and the Honourable Company, which is 
 
 a plain proof, that my Love is fincere ; and Captain Alves^ 
 
 is fo fenfible of my Advice and Afiiftancc, on this Occalion, 
 
 that he has promifed to advife your Honour of my good 
 
 intentions. 
 
 " Plearc receive with this Fifty Vifs of IVax, Twenty-five 
 Vifs of Ivory, being three Teeth; and a large Towel, which 
 1 beg you will accept of from 
 jlFA and PEGU. ' Honourable Sir, 
 
 Your moft obedient, and 
 '84 mod humble Servant." 
 
 Tra<ijlatii>}k
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 3^97 
 
 Tranjlation of a Letter from Ma.igee Nor at a, Prince of Per/aim, &cc. 
 To The Honourable George Pigot, Efq. Prefident and Governor 
 of Fort St. George. 
 
 " By Order and Oath of the powerfull Lord, the Lord and 
 Head of all Kings of the Eajlern parts of the World, and above 
 all Crowns, Lord of the fVhite and Speckled Elephants, Lord of the 
 A//«?j- of the Rubys, 'Topas, Gold, Silver, Iron, and Lead, &c. King 
 o£ Kings, and Lor^ of all Provinces of the £«/?; whofe Oath I have 
 taken with a true heart, and by him appointed Prince of all the 
 Lower Countrys of this Place, that belonged to three Places of 
 Pegue, and Sea-port T'otww, Slaves of his Majefty, the inhabitants 
 thereof are like the Children of my Breaft, whom I take care to 
 Judge as they behave, who am Mangee Norata, with five hundred 
 and twenty-eight Loves, I fend my Service to the Honourable 
 Governor of Madrafs, George Pigot, Efq. whofe Country and ours 
 was in Ancient Times as united together as a Tulip-fioiDcr in the 
 ■middle of a Tank, fo was alfo our friendfhip then ; and I take it 
 to be fo now : between Strangers and my Nation, and hope it 
 •will lad long ; and you will pleafe to come to Trade as formerly. 
 The Chief of Negrais interfered himfelf with the Peguers, who 
 were Rogues, Runagadoes, Oath-breakers, and being againft us, 
 hid themfelves in the IVoods, and robbing our Towns and Filiates, 
 as Opportunity offered them; thefe People did the Chief oi Negrais 
 harboured, we was informed of, and have put a flop to it, that 
 The Company fhould not harbour them for the future, but could 
 not keep them under, for which reafon The Company being found 
 guilty, for afting in the manner which was not right, therefore 
 mifchief had befallen them, which you were informed of; and now 
 what is paft, is pafl ; now your Honour has been pleafed to fend, 
 and advifed us by Letters of your intent, and prefents to thtKing 
 by Capt. fVdter Alves, which is come to us now, with a clear 
 confcience Cz^'^.. Alves, did in behalf of the Kittg of England and 
 the Honourable Governor of Madrafs, George Pigot, Efq; begged ; 
 which was accepted by the King, and has granted the Rcfiding Place 
 of Perfaim, and the JJland of Negrais, as before ; but with this 
 Condition, that all Ships that comes there to Trade, both. 
 Company's and Merchant Ships, (hould pay their due Cuftoms as 
 1S5 before; 
 
 FA and PEGU.
 
 39« ORnilNTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 before ; at which time they will have free Liberty to fell and bviy 
 their Merchandize, without any nioleftation : This is the King's 
 orders, and according to this order, you will pleafe to Comply; 
 and whoever you will pleafe to fend over as Chief, let him be a 
 man of Confidence, and a man of great Senfe, if you will fend 
 fuch aPerfon here, you fhall not want whatever you Ihall dcfirc; 
 and recommend him to me, that I will aflifl; him whatever lyes in 
 my power to beg of the King. There is a man here whom 
 Capt. J/ves informed me, he believed was a man that has done 
 fomething that was not right, on the Coajl of Sumatra; which he 
 defired me, I might call him to my houfe, and be examined, 
 he being very well informed by feveral perfons here, that this man 
 had killed fome Englifli Commander, upon the man's coming to 
 my houfe, he equivated, * but at laft confelTed, that he was in 
 the fame Veflel, where the People killed the Commander of the 
 V'effel and three Soldiers ; this man our Wariours took, up at 
 Merguy, in a fmall Veflell, at the time our People being there i 
 and brought him here, in cafe your Honour will find this 
 ftory upon this man to be true, pleafe to fend me advice, and 
 I will execute Juftice upon him. I now fend your Honour by 
 Capt. Alves one hundred Fifs of IFax, which you will be kind to 
 receive as a prefent from me. 
 Rangoon, November 8th, 1760. 
 Firft day of the New Moon. " 
 
 Capt. Alves in his Letter from Calcutta, dated 28th Dec. 1760, 
 tranfmitting thefe Papers to Governor Pigot, fays, " I left at 
 " DagoH a Dutch Ship, belonging to the Governor oi Negapatam, 
 " which, from the prefent fituation of affairs in that Country, 
 " I know not whether or no they will be able to get away, for 
 " the principal part of their Cargo was carried up to Ava, to the 
 " Buraghmah King, by the Malabar Supercargo, and for what goods 
 " he had fold there, he could not get in the money ; and at Dagon 
 " they took a new Cable out of the Ship by force, for the ufe 
 " of a Ship they have fcnt to the Nicobars." 
 
 AFA and PEGU, * So in the Original, for equivocated. 
 
 Some 
 
 86
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 399 
 
 Some- Account of Quedah (pronounced KuJJah.) 
 By Michael Topping Efq. chiefly from the information of 
 Francis Light Efq. Chief oi Prince oi f Vales IJland, or /*? Pinanv, 
 
 T. 
 
 V E D A H. 
 
 HE Country' oi^edah extends from Trang in Lat. 7? 30'N. 
 to Crean in Lat. 5? i8'N. In length about 150 miles, in breadth 
 from 20 to 35 miles: But the cultivated Lands no where 
 exceed 20 miles from the Sea-(hoar- From Trang to Furlis, the 
 Sea-Coaft is flieltered by many Iflands, and a jlat Bank lies 
 between them and the Main, navigable for Jmall Vejfels only, 
 the diftance between Trang and Pitrlis being about 24 leagues. 
 The Sea-Coaft itfelf is low and covered with Wood. Inland are 
 many Mountains, fome of which as you approach Pur/is, projed: 
 into the Sea : The Country abounds in Rice, Cattle, and Timber. 
 Eleven Rivers empty themfelves into the Sea, navigable for 
 Prows only, on account of the Shallows without ; the principal 
 of* which are Lingoo and Sittoul, where thofe Veflels are built : 
 Pur/is has a deep narrozv River, at the Entrance of which is 
 a fmall fanJy IJland, on which ftands a fijhing Village, which 
 is protected by a few pieces of Cannon. The Bar of the 
 River is very long, with only ten feet water upon it, at fpring 
 tides. The Tozun is fituated four or five miles from this 
 Entrance, in a Valley of a mile and a half in circumference, 
 encompafled with fteep Hills. The old King, in his latter days 
 chofe this Place for his Refidence, which occafioned many 
 Veflels and People to refort here : Since his death, it has 
 funk into its former obfcurity, notwithftunding he bequeathed 
 it to his fecond Son Toonka Afooda, who ftill refides here. 
 Ponjil is a fmall Province of Paltany, bordering upon Ptirlis. 
 The Iflands Lancavy, or Ladda, and Trocklon, lye Weft of 
 This Port, about five leagues. The Great Ladda is inhabited 
 by a race of Md/im, who are, in general, Tbirces, andc ommit 
 frequent afts of Piracy : Thefe Iflands are dependant on the 
 Luxamana of ^^eda, who governs here abfolutely : They are 
 mountainous, have little pafture, and do not yield Rice fufiicient 
 for the Inliabltants. There is exceeding good cf-^ ground on 
 the Eaftern fide of them, of fufficient capacity for the largeft 
 Fleet, with a plentiful fupply of Wood and Water at hand. 
 
 5 M On
 
 400 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 On the SW fide is a fmall Harbor of fufncicnt depth; but 
 its fhoars are Coral. In a former War, the French refitted 
 and mafted here, after an Engagement with (I believe) 
 Commodore Barnet. The Land from Pur/is to the Mountain 
 Jerry (a Coaft of twenty leagues in extent) is low, and 
 level towards the Sea, covered with Jungle, which extends 
 between Purlis and §ueda one mile from the flioar. To the 
 Southward of §ueda^ the Woods grow much broader, and 
 the Country is ftill lefs cultivated. The principal Sea-Port, 
 called ^teda by Strangers, and ^lalla Batrang by the Natives, 
 lies in 6? o' N Latitude. The River is navigable for Veffels 
 of 300 tons, but its Entrance is choaked up by a fiat mud 
 bank, two and a half miles in length, with only nine feet 
 water on fpring tides. Large (hips lying in five and fix 
 fathoms, are four miles from the River's Mouth. At the 
 Mouth of the River is a fmall brick Fortrefs, built by a 
 Genioo, with a few fmall Guns, ill mounted : The greater 
 part of the Fort is in ruins, fo that the Spring-Tides flow 
 into it. The River is about 300 yards wide ; both flipars are 
 muddy, and have fwampy places, which are covered with 
 Jungle. This continues for three miles up the River. Half 
 a mile within the Jungle, the Paddy Grounds commence. 
 
 Seven miles, on the River, from the ^alla is Allejlar, 
 where the King refides. All Veffels that pals the Bar can 
 go to JlleJIa/;; The River is narrow, but deep ; the Country 
 level, but clear and cultivated, having a fine rich Soil. A little 
 above Alkjiar the Ground rifes, the River becomes more rapid, 
 and, at length, unfit for any kind of navigation, except that of 
 fmall Prows : The Channel on the Eaftern fide of the Ifiand, 
 is very narrow being not 50 feet acrofs. 
 
 The King's refidence, at Jllejar, is in a very fmall brick Fort, 
 built by his Merchant Jomall, about four years ago. The Inha- 
 bitants, near him, are compofed of Chuliars, Chinefe, and Malays. 
 
 This Place was plundered, and burnt, in i 770 by the Buggeffes, 
 aided by fome of the King's own Relations ; fince which it has 
 continued in a very poor ftate; the only Trade left it, is with 
 ^U E D A II. Saugonn ; Paltany being deftroyed by the Siamefe. 
 
 2 Limboon^
 
 ORIENTAL REPER-TORY. ^or 
 
 Ltmboon, on the Bank of the River, is about four mifes from 
 Allijlar: This Town is inhabited chiefly by Chtiliars ; the Soil 
 is exceedingly fertile (Clay and Sand) produces great abundance 
 of fruit and Vegetables. The Country rifes in a gradual afcent : 
 The River is very rapid, with Shallows and Overfalls, (o that 
 Prows only can navigate it. A very little above Limboon, tlie 
 Profped opens into an extenfive Plain, on which are many miles 
 of Paddy Grounds : The River is here contraded into a very 
 fiarrozv Channel, being, in fome places, not more than ten feet 
 acrofs, and is befides fo very crooked, and its Current Co rapid, that 
 only fmall light Prows can make their way up it. During the 
 ramy Seafon this Plain is overflowed, which greatly enriches it. 
 At the commencement of this Plain, the King is enclofing 
 a Place for the purpofe of eredling a Fort, to defend his Country 
 againft the Siamefe. On its Eaftern Boundary, The Country 
 is covered with Forrefts, fome fmall Villages, with their 
 cultivated Lands, lying fcatiered here and there. 
 
 The next place of any note is Apabookit, which is about fix miles 
 SE ofJliJIar, on a branch of the fame River. This Place is 
 chiefly inhabited by C/Mliar families ; the Soil is more Sandy 
 and light, than that of Limboon, but produces abundance of 
 Grain. Formerly the Courfe of the River, from ^lalla Batrang 
 to Allijlar, was twelve miles in length ; but the Father of the 
 reigning Prince, cut through a narrow Ifthmus ; in order to 
 fhorten the diftance five miles, and by degrees the old Channel 
 filled up : This work has however been of fingular difadvantage 
 to the neighbourhood, as it has leffened the quantity of frefh 
 -water in the Country, by giving it an eafier communication 
 with the Sea : Sea-water is now admitted up to Allijlar, in the 
 dry Seafon, the Bar at the River's mouth is likewife encreafed, 
 rot having a fufficient weight (or perhaps continuance) of 
 Current to carry off the mud, the Inhabitants of Allijidr are 
 obliged to fetch frefo water in Boats, during the Months of 
 March and April, for though M^ell-water is good, they do not, 
 in general, ufe it. At the ^yualla, they are fupplied with 
 frejl:i ii-ater, entirely by boats, for eight months in the Year. In 
 A H. Auguft, September, October and November, the River is 
 frep, to its entrance, at low water. 
 
 Clofe
 
 40* 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 ^ U E D J H. 
 
 Clofe to the Fort runs a Creek, which communicates with 
 the River above Limboon: This has been purpofely ftoppdi, 
 by an artificial mound : Were it opened, Veffcls might again 
 ■water at the River's mouth, in all Seafons of the Year. 
 
 The Entire Country of §ueda is exceedingly well-watered 
 and fertile. Twenty-three Rivers, all navigable for Prows, and 
 Ibme of them for larger Veffels, empty themfelves into the 
 Sea, between Trang and Creavg; The Country to the South- 
 ward of ^<eda River, as far as §ualla Mooda (about tea 
 leagues) is lefs cultivated than that more Northward. At 
 Eang they have the beft fruits; The principal Natives have 
 Gardens at this Place, to which they frequently refort (an 
 excurfion of fix or feven leagues) to feaft on Dorians and 
 Mangojlins, which ripen here in the greateft pcrfcdlion. 
 
 ^lalla Moorba is a large River, deep and rapid. The Water 
 
 is here always frejh to the Sea ; The land is high, and the 
 
 back fandy : The heavy Surge which breaks upon this fhoar ; 
 
 during the South-weft Monfoon, has, by oppofing the Current 
 
 from the River, formed a dangerous Sand-bank; extending 
 
 three miles out to Sea, and on which there is only one fathom 
 
 water : This Bank reaches almoft as far as ^.alla Mooda. S^nalla 
 
 Mooda is a fhallow and rapid River, but convenient on account 
 
 of its communication with the Tin-Mines : The annual produce 
 
 here is about a tboujand Peculs; This fmall quantity is not 
 
 however owing to the fcarcity of ore, but to the want of hands, 
 
 and to the few people, employed, being badly paid. The River 
 
 Prie lies next to ^.alla Mooda, and oppofite Rinang. This 
 
 place produces a little Tin, it has however very few Inhabitants, 
 
 and thofe are of very fufpicious Character. Crcan produces 
 
 Rattans and Canes ; This is the Southern extremity of ^leJah, 
 
 and hence begins Perack. Great numbers of Paltany people 
 
 have emigrated, and come down to §lualla Mooda (it is fuppofed 
 
 nearly fifteen thoufand) If thefe people fettle there, they will 
 
 greatly encreafe the cultivation, and benefit Pinang. It is 
 
 needlefs to add, that the King of ^tedah has been advifed of the 
 
 advantages he would experience, by having the Country oppofite 
 
 Pinang well cultivated; the Soil of which is of the richeft 
 
 quality. 
 
 Tranfiaiion
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 403 
 
 Translation of an Account, of the Morattas, 
 
 From the Rei^n of Shaw Jehan, to the Beginning of that of 
 
 Shaw Allum, 
 
 From a Perftan MS. obtained at Allahabad, January 1769. 
 
 OJHAJI, a Rajpoot, who originally came from Chittour, 
 and Oudoupoor, of the Seft of Rana, lived and had a Zemindary 
 at Pernala, in the Subab of DotUltabad, a Province of the Decan, 
 he firft ferved under the King of Bejapore, but afterwards under 
 Shah Jehan, with the rank of Commander of three thoufand, 
 agreeable to the Cuftom of the Decan. His Son Seiwaje, 
 of remarkable ftrength and prowefs, afked him one day to 
 give him an Elephant ; but he defired him to go and fcrve 
 his King, and he would gain many an Elephant. Seiwa, 
 being much affronted, at his Fathers refufing to grant him 
 this requeft, fled, and having taken poffeflTion of a. high mountain, 
 he began to plunder and ravage the King's Country. Sabaji, 
 on hearing this, wrote to the King, to inform him, that he 
 had no more power over his Son. About this time the war 
 between Sultan Aurungzebe, Dar ShekoTva, Shujah, and Murad 
 Behjh, Shah Jehan's four Sons, broke out. Shah Jehan himfelf 
 was imprifoned by Aurungzebe (who now affumed the Title 
 of Alumgheer) Dar Shekozt^a, having been defeated in feveral 
 Battles, was taken prifoner, and put to death. Shujah, havino- 
 been unfucccfsful in the war he waged with his Brother, had 
 fled towards the Kingdom of Aracan. And Murad BehJh was 
 alfo, by Alumghecr's deceit, taken prifoner. Thefe difturbances, 
 having lafted about three Years, Seiwaje employed himfelf, 
 during that time, in building the Fcrt of Setara-Ghor, on the 
 top of his Mountain, and encreafed his Troops daily. When 
 ^ A T T A S. Alumgheer got poflJeflion of the Throne, he appointed Mirza 
 Rajah Jsyfi'''g, at that time Zemindar of Amur, Nazim of the 
 
 5 N Decan,
 
 404 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Decan, and fent him, with a numerous Army, to reduce 
 Seiwaje. Mirza and Delier Chan, (a Chief of the Afghans,') 
 carried on a war with Sei-waje, for a confiderablc time, hut 
 to no purpofe ; till at laft Rajah Jeyfing fent two of his 
 adopted Sons, who were famous for their addrefs and dexterity 
 in ftealing, to bring him Seiwaje's turban, whilft he was 
 afleep : when they brought it to him, he fent it back to 
 Seiwaje, and told him, " He had got fuch people in 
 *' his army, who could fteal his 'Turban, and bring it to him, 
 *' and who could, with the fame eafc, bring to him his 
 *' head, if he chofe to order them." " Befides," fays he, 
 *' the Troops, I command, belong to the King, and I can every 
 " day receive frelh reinforcements;" and aflting, " how he could 
 " then pretend to oppofe him ? advifing him therefore to 
 " fubmit, and be a faithful Subjed: to the King; and that he 
 " would then enjoy the fame eafe, profperity and plenty as 
 " he did." Seiwaje, as he looked upon Rajah Jeyfuig to be 
 one of the truftieft Chiefs of the Rajpoots, believed what he 
 told him ; and accordingly came out of his Fort, and held 
 a Conference with him : Rajah Jeyfing then advifed him, if he 
 had any regard to his own fafety, to fubmit to, and prefent 
 himfelf to the King, that he might be fully afllired of his 
 loyalty, might make him one of his Confidents, and Minifters, 
 and give him Employments of the greaiefl; trufl: in Indostan. 
 Sdzi'aji immediately confented to this alfo, and Rajah Jevjing 
 accordingly acquainted the King with it, at the fame time 
 informed him, that Seiwaje expeded his Majefty's Son fliould 
 come and condud him into his Royal Prefenee, and that he 
 fhould there take rank of all the Nobles of his Court, that 
 his 'fiile fhould be greater than theirs, that the Country 
 around the place where he then lived, in the Subah 
 of Doulitabad, fhould be given him for his own, his Sarins 
 MORATTjiS ^"^ ^'" P^'^P^^'^ Jagheers ; and that in private he fliould be 
 allowed to fit down in his Majefty's prefence. 
 z The
 
 A TT A S. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 405 
 
 The King giacioufly complied with all thefe requefts, and 
 fent a Phirmaund to Seiwaje, defiring him to come into the 
 prefence. Seiwaje, and his eldeji Son, Siadha, accordingly fet 
 .out for Sbdh Jebanabiul {Delhyj and, when they came near, 
 the King fent Gunjevir Ramjing, Rajah Jcyftng's Son, out to 
 meet them, when Seiwaje arrived in the Prefence, he took 
 his place next to Ramfvig, and both he and his Son had 
 Apartments allotted them in the Kellah. They were then 
 afked to change their Religion, and turn Maho>netans, and 
 were acquainted, if they did, that they would receive the 
 completion of all the Articles of the 'Treaty; and the King 
 would look upon them, as his own Children. Seiwaje defired 
 to be informed of the Principles of the Mohamedan Religion, 
 before he would give his Confent, and the King, in confequence, 
 ordered feveral Priejls, and learned men, to attend him : 
 Seiwa, and his Son, were detained prifoners b}' Alimgheer for 
 fix Months, and at laft made their efcape out of the Kelah, 
 concealed in a Mangoe Eajket. The King fufpefted that Ramptg, 
 Jeyjings Son, was privy to this Efcape. 
 
 When Seiwaje, and his Son Sindba, arrived at Seiara Ghor, 
 they betook themfelves to their old trade of ravaging the 
 Country. At the time Seizvaje had the Conference with Jeyfing, 
 before he went into the King's prefence, he got the Title of 
 Seiwa Rajah, and died a few Years afterwards. His Son 
 Sindka Rajah* fucceeded him, and his fecond Son was put in 
 poffeffion of the Fort of Gingee. Sometime after, when 
 Alimgheer marched into the Decan, and held his Court at 
 Aurengabad, in the neighbourhood oi Dotditabad, Sheich Nizam, 
 one of the Chiefs of that Country, who lived at Bejapcre, 
 invited Sindha, and Sahares, one of his people, with a few 
 attendants, to come and fee one of his Temples ; and wh(^n he 
 
 got 
 
 * There fcems to be a miflakc here, for Sei-u-aJ! was fucceeded by his 
 ad Son, Sambajce, and not by Sindha, who died before his Father. ^
 
 4o6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 got him in his poflcflion, he confined hiin, his fVives and 
 Children, and brought them all before Alumgheer, in reward for 
 which, he was honored with the Title of Chan Allum. Sindha, 
 having fpoke in a difrefpeftful manner to Shah Allumgheer, was, 
 by his Order, put to death. His IVife and Son were put under 
 Charge of Zulfekar Chan, Fizier Aftd Cerwn's So/i, and kept in 
 Captivity for nine Years. When Alumgheer died, they were fet 
 at liberty, and the Son, whole name was Sahou, upon his 
 arrival at Setara Ghor, affumed the Title of Rajah, and managed 
 the helm of Government, 
 
 Bajerow, the Son of Befloenaut Peiidit, a Moratta, now began 
 
 to diftinguifh himfelf in the Empire, for having crofled the 
 
 Narbudda, during the time of Mohaf?ied Show's feeble Government, 
 
 he committed many ravages in the Suba of Malwa; 
 
 Miilhar Houlkar, Ranugee Sindha, and Nula Jadoun, were his 
 
 Genirals; and he, having overcome Rajah Girdher Behadur, 
 
 the Nabob of Malwa, in battle, he put him to death; 
 
 He was afterwards invited by Seter Saal Boundela, to come 
 
 and affift him againft Mohamed Chan Bengip, the Nabob 
 
 of Allahabad, who had defeated him in Bendclkind; and 
 
 Bajaro-j}, having joined his forces with Seter Saal's, they 
 
 reduced Mohamed Chan Bengijlo to great diftrefs, and kept 
 
 him clofe blocked up in the Fort of Chittour, for three Months 
 
 and an half. No reinforcements arriving from the King, during 
 
 all that time, the Morattas drew frclli courage, and penetrated 
 
 as far as Agra. During the three enfuing years, the Vizier 
 
 Kummeradin Chan, Chandaraan, the Head Barkjhi, and his Brother 
 
 Mupjir Chan, marched from Dehli, againft the Morattas, with 
 
 large Armies, and a train of Artillery, and came as far as 
 
 Berour, Bekiiidera and Serouiige. Whenever thefe Generals 
 
 appeared, the Morattas fled to the Southward, and when they 
 
 returned to Dehli, they came back ; and began anew to ravage 
 
 the Subah of Malwa, as far as Agra, and penetrated one 
 
 Morattas. time as far as Dthli, 
 
 , Burhanui 
 
 4
 
 Biirhaml l\^ulic'k bnce'^ave them a compleat overthrow: 
 Rajah Jexfing Sewai, tliC N'azm of Agra and Malwa, 
 made a private peace with them, and, as a token of his 
 friendlliip, exchanged his Turban with Bajarozv. 
 
 Some time after, Mohamed Shaxu having called Nizam id 
 Multick from the Decan to Dekli, he granted Sunnuds for the 
 two Sitbabs of Agra and Malwa, Cwhich originally belonged 
 to the Stihahjhip of the Dec an) to Chazodin Chan Ferouz Jing, 
 Nizam ul Mi<luck's Son ; and the King having ordered 
 Nizam ul Muluck to proceed againft the Morattas, he gave 
 him the Command of an Army of Eighty-thoufand Horfe ; 
 and EJier Jing, Rajah Jeyjing's Son, the Rajahs of Koutadeuitdi, 
 of Undicha, Dinaii, and Berour, Herdi Siial and Jnggut Saal, 
 the Sons of Scter Saal, and the RLijah of Bebdour, accompanied 
 him on this Expedition. When Nizam ul Muluck arrived at 
 Bouhtatal, in the Snbah of Malwa, Bafaroiv advanced towards 
 ,him, at the head of a large Army, cut oflF his foragers, and 
 plundered part of his Camp. Nizam ulJVIuluck having thrown 
 himfelf into the Fort of Bouhtatal, was much diftreffed, on 
 account of the fcarcity of provifions, and want of water. 
 
 v.. 
 
 Nadir Shaw's Invafion happened about this time, and 
 Chandaraan Buck/hi, having procured the Sunnuds, of the Subahs 
 of Malwa and Agra, for Siwai Jevjing, Nizam ul Muluck 
 was recalled into the prcfence. 
 
 The Hiftory, of Nadir Shaw's tranfaftions in Indostan, is 
 well known, and therefore does not need to be recorded in 
 this Account : After he returned to his own Country, Mohamed 
 Shaw was at peace with the Morattas ; and their Dominions 
 extended as far as Bedau-ir within twelve Cofs of Agra. 
 \ A T 7 A S. Upon the death of Jeyfing, Dukul Sing, and Railour, the 
 
 c O Zemindar
 
 M R AT T A 
 
 408 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Zemindar of Malwar, they levied an annual Chout from the 
 Rajpoots, and in feveral of the Stibahs, they had large Countries 
 allotted to them inftead of it. 
 
 Soon after this Mohamed Skah died ; and his eldefl: Son, 
 Ahmud Shah, having fucceedcd him, in the Throne of Indostak, 
 he appointed Sefder Jing Abw'd Men/our Chan, his Vizier. 
 Kaim Chan, the Son of Mokamed Chan Bengijh, being killed in 
 a Battle with the Rhohillas, the King marched from Delhy to 
 take pofleflion of his Country and Effetfts ; and Sefder Jing, 
 having marched on before to Ferouckabad, he took polieffion 
 of the Country, and, on the part of the King, appointed 
 Riijab Noul Rai, Governor of it ; and afterwards returned to 
 Delhy, The Afghans upon this affembled their Troops, and 
 putting themfelves under the Command of Ahmtid Chan, the 
 Son of Kaim Chan, they marched to attack Noid Rai. Both 
 he, and Attawil Allah Chan, being killed in a Battle, which 
 they fought with the Afghans, Sefder Jing marched from Delhi 
 to revenge their deaths; but was wounded, and obliged to 
 return ; And the Afghans and Rhohillas accordingly took 
 pofleffion of the Subahs of Oude and Allahabad. Sefder 
 Jing, finding it impofTible to get the better of them with 
 his own troops, he enlifted, into his Service, Mtdhar Houlkir 
 and Jeagi Appa, the Son of Ranouje Seidba, who, at that 
 time, commanded an Army of about forty thoufand men, 
 in the Country of the Rajpoots ; and, with their afliflance, 
 he gave Ahmud Chan, Saad Allah Chan, Chafiz Rehmit Chan, 
 and Doundi Chan, the Chiefs of the Rhohillas, a compleac 
 overthrow ; and, in reward for the Marat ta's Services, he 
 gave them the half of Ahmud Chans Country, which confided 
 of Kennauge, &;c. 
 
 Bajarom
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 40^ 
 
 BajaroTv died, during the reign of Mohamed Skah, and left 
 three Sons, called Balajerow, Raganmit Ran, and 
 Mohamed Shah appointed Balajerow, who is commonly known 
 by the name of Babagee, Subahdar of jMalwa ; and gave 
 Midhar Houlker and Jeagu Appa, his Generals, Titles and 
 Jagheers, as he had done in Bajaroivi time. 
 
 Rajah Sahou died in Ahmud Shah's time, and left no Children 
 behind him, Tarabai, Shtdha Rajah's Wife, and Sahous 
 Stepmother, fent for her Grand/on Ram Rajah, from Pernala, 
 and fee him upon the Throne at Setara Ghor. Sahou Rajah's 
 Brother, Tarabai's own Son, was a foolifh, indolent man; 
 he was however put in pofleffion of Pernala, the abode of 
 his Anceftors, and had two Sons called Ram Rajah and 
 Sahau Rajah, he himfelf remained at Pernala, and his eldeft 
 Son Ram Rajah, in the manner above defcrlbed, got the 
 Command of Setara Ghor^ 
 
 In the Snbah of Guzerat, where Monmin Chan was Nazim, 
 Damanjie Gaikivar, one of Sahau Rajah's Generals, having 
 taken pofleffion of the Countr)', he only gave the Province of 
 Gahpout to the proper Nazim. 
 
 Nizam-td-muluck, the Nazim of the Decan, died about this 
 time; and was fucceeded by his favourite Son, Nafer Jing, 
 but he did not live long to enjoy that honour; for he was 
 foon after treacherously aflaffinated by the Afghans. Chazodin 
 Chan, Nizam-id-muluck's eldeft fon, immediately upon this, 
 marched towards the Decan, and died a natural death, at 
 Aurengabad, foon after his arrival ; Mulhar Ran, v^ho had left 
 Sefder Jing after the war with the Rhohillas, and returned 
 to Delhy, attended Cl^az-o-din Chan on his Expedition to the 
 A TT A S. Decan. 
 
 , Selabit
 
 4IO ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Sebbit Jing, another of Nizam-ul-mu!uck's Sons, fucceeded 
 his brother, in the Nazimate of the Decan. The firft objeft 
 that attraded his attention was the making himfelf Mafter of 
 Pouyia, Balcijercnv's Capital; which he effeded, but the Morattas, 
 having aflembled their forces, they prefled him fo much, that 
 after fliutting him up in his Capilal of Aurengabad^ they made 
 him fign articles, giving up to them the forts of Bedir, and 
 AJier ; the Subah of Burhanpore, and even the Subah of 
 Aurungebad. 
 
 When the quarrel happened, between Ahmud Skah and his 
 Vizier Sefder Jing, in confequence of which he had returned 
 to his own Subah of Oude ; Erdizamud Dowlah was appointed 
 Vizier, and Elmad-id-muluck, commonly knov/n by the name 
 of Ghaz-o-den Chan, Nizam-ul-mulnck's Grand/on, was appointed 
 Mur Bachjhi. The King, at this time, having called Midhar 
 Rati, up to Delhy, he fent him againft Sourijmaal Jaat, who 
 was a Partizan of Sefder Jii'g's; he attacked his Fort, but 
 was repulfed, and loft his Son on the firft onfet. 
 
 Gkaf-o-din Chan's Ambition leading him to have an eye to 
 the Fizerate, it gave rife to an enmity between him and 
 Entizamud Dowlah, whom he regarded as the great Obftacle 
 to the Accompliftiment of his defires : Ahmud Shah, and his 
 Mother, favoring the party of Entizamud Dowlah, he crofled 
 the Jumna, with all his Begums, Jewels and Effe£ls, and went 
 along with him to Sekenderabad. 
 
 o 
 
 Ghaz-o-den Chan brought the Morattas to his Affiftance, 
 
 and obliged the King, and Entizamud Dowlah, to fly to Delhy, 
 
 all the King's Jezvels, &c. fell a prey to the Morattas ; 
 
 Mclka Semane and Sahiba Mtthel, the Wives of Mchamed Shah, 
 
 Mj) R A T T A S. ^^^ feveral other Begums were taken prifoners by the Morattas, 
 
 o and
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 411 
 
 and the Jewels, and other goods, that fell into their 
 hands, amounted to many Crores of Rupees. They then, in 
 conjunftion with Ghaz-o-din Chan, laid fiege to the Kelbh of 
 Delhi, and Ahmud Shah was obliged to fign whatever Articles 
 Ghaz-o-din Chan was pleafed to prefcribe to him. Sumfamud 
 DoTvlah, Eblifaam Chan, the Son of Chandouran, who at that 
 time commanded the Artillery, and was Governor of the Fort 
 of Delhi, having made an alliance with Ghaz-o-din Chan, he 
 feized upon Ahnntd Shah, and his Mother, and bafely put 
 out their eyes. 
 
 AJizodin, the fon of Kummerodin Jehandar Shah, the Son of 
 Shah AUum Behadur, the Son of Allumgheer, was then taken 
 out of confinement, and fet on the Throne ; with the name of 
 Allumgheer : Ghaz-o-den Chan was appointed Vizier, and Ehtijliaam 
 Chan, Mur Bachjhi. 
 
 The Morattas had the Countries of Etatua, Bouhwind, and 
 Guara, &c. ceded to them by treaty ; and Anta Manickfir 
 was appointed Foufdar of the Country round Dclby : Rajah 
 Matou Rau Pendit, Balajerow's Vackeel, who was alfo his 
 Confident, and prime Minifter, rented the Pergunnah of Marib, 
 and the reft of the Country between the Ganges and Jumna. 
 The Morattas alfo took poffeffion of feveral places, in the 
 Subah of Delhy, and Raganaut Rau, Balajerow's Brother, and 
 AMhar Rau, foon after returned to their own Country. 
 
 Ghaz-o-din Chan was dependent of the Morattas, and alfo 
 kept Alumgheer, a ftate prifoner, leaving him only the bare 
 name of King. About this time Main-ul-muluck, Kummerodin 
 Chan's fecond Son, and Subahdar of Lahour. died; and 
 Abdallah immediately took poffeffion of his Country, and 
 R A T T A S. afterwards marched towards Delhy. Najebud Doivlah, who was 
 5 P along
 
 MORJTTAS. 
 10 
 
 412 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 along with Ghaz-o-din Chan, fecretly favovircd the party of 
 Abdallah. Entizamud Dowlah, and Ghaz-o-din Chan, were takca 
 prifoners by Abdallah, and their effeds feized ; AUumgheer, 
 having had a Conference with Mdallah, he gave his Daughter 
 in marriage to his Son, Timur ; and the Morattas, in confeqiience, 
 retreated. Abdallah one time marched as far as Agra and 
 Mtitrou, and after reftoring to AUumgheer, the Regal Authority, 
 and making Najebud Doidah, Mur BachJIoi, he returned to his 
 own Country. Ghaz-o-din Chan gave Abdallah a promiflary 
 note for a Crore oi Rupees which he gave in charge, to Muratib 
 BehJ}} and Mirza Baber. Chaz-o-din Chan had carried the 
 Nephew of Ahmgheer to Ferouchabad, and was alfo on bad 
 terms with Shujah Dowlah, but finding that he was not able 
 to Hand his own ground, he called in Raganaut Ran and 
 Mulhar Raw to his affiftance ; and in conjundion with Ahmud 
 Chan, and the young Prince, he befieged AUumgheer and Najebud 
 Dowlah, in Delhy; and a peace was afterwards concluded 
 with Mulharrow. Najebud Dowlah then returned to his 
 Foufdarry at Shaharpore, and Raganaut Raw and Mulhar Raw 
 marched to attack Tiniur Shah, and Jehan Chan, whom Abdallah 
 had left Governors of the Sircar of Serhind, the Subahs of 
 Lahour, Multan, and Keshmir, when they were ceded to 
 him by AUumgheer. Simid Chan, who was at Seterbind, after 
 being defeated, was taken prifoner, by the Morattas. Timur 
 Shah and Jehan Chan, not being able to oppofe the Morattas, 
 fled from Lahour, and both it and Serhind, were immediately 
 taken poflenion of, by them ; and leaving a part of their troops 
 there, under the Command of Adbiadbeg Chan, they returned 
 to their own Country. 
 
 In the year following, Jengouraii and Del/a Petil, the Son 
 and Brother of Jcaji Appa, being appointed Balajerozv's Generals, 
 they marched towards Delhi, and a war broke out, between 
 
 them
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 415 
 
 them and Najebiid Do:tlah : He having built a Fortrefs at 
 •Sekerpaal, oh the banks of the Ganges, he fought a battle 
 with Jengou Delia, and was jufl on the point of being 
 compjeatly overthrown, when Siijah Dozvlah came to his 
 Affiftance. Abdallab again marched into Indostan, and 
 defeated S^ihiba Pitil at La hour ; immediately after which, 
 Sabiba Pctil, having fled by the way of Serkbid, joined the 
 Morattas under the Command of Jengouju and Detta Petil, 
 who had raifed the Siege of Sekerpaal, and were marching 
 towards Lahour, againft Abdallah. When he arrived at 
 Saharpore, at the bottom of the hills of Botiria, having marched 
 by the way of Skadhoura, &c. he heard that the Moratta army 
 had reached Paniputt, Kornal and Tanijfn, on their march to 
 attack him, immediately upon thi« he fent a party, of four 
 or five thoufand of his horfe againfi: them ; and an egagement 
 enfued at the Village of Andre near to Tanijfir, fixty Cofs to tlic 
 Northweft of Delhy ; the Shah's troops having come off 
 victorious, the Moratta Generals, Jengouje and Ditta Pitil, fled 
 to Delhy. Chaz-o-din Chan, Behadur Chan Belotteh, and others 
 of the Omrahs, who were along with the Morattas, after 
 murdering their King, Allumgheer , feized upon the few Jewels, 
 and other efFefts that he had by him : And they then put 
 Sidtan Chan Behjh, the Grandfon of Shah Kaambehfh, the youno-efl: 
 Son of the Great Aurungzebe Allumgheer, on the Throne, and 
 gave him the name of Shah Jehan; and having concluded a 
 treaty of peace with the Morattas, at Sekerpaal, they were 
 wholly devoted to their Intereft. 
 
 Chazodin Chan, having joined his troops with the Morattas, 
 
 who were encamped at Teta Miijnoun and Deftirabad, on the 
 
 banks of the Jumna, he pitched his tents before Delhy, having 
 
 the Artillery of the Kellah, in his train, and keeping his troops 
 
 R A T T A S. ready for Aftion. Shah Abdallah was arrived at Saharinpore, 
 
 1 1 Shuiih
 
 414 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Shiijah ul DoTvlah Behadur, Najcbud Dowlah, Saad Vila Chan, 
 and Fiiz Allti Chan, the Sons of Mahomed Ailu Chan, Chafex 
 Rehmoiit Chan and Doundi Chan and Serdar Chan Buxey, were at 
 Sekertaal. Shujah ul Dozulah, after the Moral tas retreated, had 
 returned to his own Subah, Najebttd Dow.'ab, and the Rhobillai, 
 went to Abdallab, and advifed him to march, through the 
 Country between the Ganges and Jumna, to Delhy. Abdallah 
 having accordingly arrived at Loune, on this fide the River 
 Jumna, he put his troops in readinefs to attack the Morattas. 
 But, as the River Jumna was between them, he ordered 
 Najebud Dowlah to crofs //, and begin the attack : In 
 confequence of thefe orders, Najebud Dorvlah, and Scmfamud 
 Dowlah, crofled the Jumna, and found the Morattas, under the 
 command of Ditta Petil and Jengou Rau drawn out to engage. 
 Delta Petil was killed in the battle, that enfued ; and Najebud 
 Dowlah cut off his head and fent it to the Shah. Jengourau 
 was wounded and fled ; Chazoden Chan alfo, after leaving Shah 
 Jehan in the Kellah of Delhi, deferted it. 
 
 After the battle, Shah Abdallah made his Troops crofs the 
 River, and fent them in purfuit of the Morattas, many of whom 
 were either killed or taken prifoners ; Abdallah aftenvards 
 marched to Delhi ; and, for fifteen days, gave the City up to 
 plunder, both he, and his people, committing murders, and 
 robberies and imprifonments without remorfe, all that the Vizier 
 Walichan, Chafiz Rehmut Chan and the other Rohillas could fay to 
 prevent it, being without effedl ; and the miferies the 
 Inhabitants were then fiibjeded to, are inexpreffible. 
 
 Abdallah then marched as far as Jeypore, Rajah Madhovj Sing's 
 
 Country, in perfuit of the Morattas, there heard that they had 
 
 M n n /I r r A s ^g^i^^ under the Command of Muhar Rau and Sembachi Kereira 
 
 marched 
 
 12
 
 R A TT J S. 
 »3 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 415 
 
 marched to Delhy, between the two Rivers, by the way of 
 Koul; immediately upon this, he returned from Bara Moutik 
 and attacked Mulhar Rau, Sec. Mulhar Rau efcaped, and 
 Sembacki Kereira was killed in the battle; and the Mbrattas 
 afterwards returned to the Dec an. 
 
 yibdallah afterwards marched towards Koul, when he bcfieged, 
 and took Sourymaal Jaat's Fort, and afterwards encamped near 
 Anoiip-JJiehir, on the banks of the Ganges, forty Cofs to the 
 Eaftward of Delhi. He there received the perfonal fubjeclion 
 of Ahmiid Chan BengiJIo, he there alfo fent Najebud Do-jolah 
 to bring Shvjah Do-wlah, who having had a conference with 
 him at Kennaugt, brought him along with him into the ShaVs 
 prefence. 
 
 About this time the Rainy Seafon fet in, and SedaJhioUj 
 known by the name of Bauhjee, the Nephew of Bafajerozv, 
 and Bifwafs Raw, the oldeft Son of Balajerow, Mulhar Raw, 
 JeHgou Rau, Ibrahim Chan Gardi, Damakji Gaikwar, the 
 Governor of Guzurat, ShumPeir Behadur, the Brother of 
 Baliije, by a dancing Girl, Mamthfir and Jefwint Raw Penwar 
 and other Aforatta Chiefs, marched from the Decan, at the 
 head of a hundred thoufand men, againft Shah Ahdallah, 
 and having joined their troops with Soiirymal Jaats, they fat 
 down before Delhy ; which, at that time, was commanded by 
 Jakonb Allu Chan, a Governor put in by Abdallah. 
 
 Shujah-ul-Dowlah, and Najebttd Dowlah, marched with all 
 poflible expedition, from Anmip-Shehir, at the head of a part 
 of Abdallah's Army, to the Defence of the City; but beino- 
 prevented from crofTmg the Jumna, when they arrived upon 
 its banks, by reafon of its being much fwelled with the Rains, 
 
 5 0^ and
 
 4i6 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 and the difficulty of getting boats; Jakoub Allu Chan was 
 obliged to capitulate, and give up the City to the Morat/as, 
 who feized upon every thing they could lay hold of, and 
 carried away the roof of the Durbar, which was made of 
 foUd Silvery and valued at twelvi: Laacks of Rupees. Shah 
 Abdallah encamped at Skatira, on the oppofite fide of the 
 River, from Delhy : A Correfpondence and propofals for 
 peace pafled between Shujah Dcnulah and the Morattas, but 
 without efletft ; Sourymaal however made peace and returned 
 to his own Country. 
 
 The Morattas afterwards left a Garrifon in Delhy, and 
 marched to attack Genypour, a City belonging to Nejabit a 
 Rhohlllah, where Abdulfemid Chan, and other of Jbdallah's 
 Generals were, and having taken Nejabit and Abdulfemid Chatty 
 prifoners, they put them to death, with the moft cruel tortures, 
 and plundered Gingpour. 
 
 When the Rains broke up, Abdallah marched from Chawni, 
 and croffing the 'Jumna, at the Gaut of Bagapaut, he marched 
 againft the Morattas, they having entrenched themfelves under 
 the walls of the City of Faneput ; Abdallah, Shujah Dowlah and 
 the Rhohiilas encamped about three Cofs from them, and there 
 was daily Skirmiibes fought between the advanced Guards of 
 each Army : At lafl; the Morattas, being drove to great flraits 
 for want of provifions, they were forced to come out of their 
 Trenches, and draw up their Army in order of battle, their 
 line extending four Cofs, and their Artillery and Infantry were 
 drawn up in the front. The Shah alfo drew up his Army, 
 Shah If'^alle Chan commanding the right wing, Ahmed Chan 
 Betigifi and Chafez Rehrtiout Chan, Doundu Chan and Vciz Allu 
 Morattas. chan commanding the left. Shujah ul Dowlah and Nujebud 
 
 Dowlah,
 
 RATTAS^ 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 4,7 
 
 Dowlaky were Rationed in the Rear ; and the Shah AbdalhL's 
 own troops were ftationed about half a Cofs diftant from them ; 
 Bifwafs Raw, and Balehju commanded the center of the Moratta 
 Jrmy, Mulhar Rau and Jengourau commanded the right wing 
 Damahjee Gaikwar, ShumJI:cer Behadur, and Maniekftr com- 
 manded the left : Ibrahim Chan Gardi, who was ftationed in 
 the center of the Moralta Army before Bakhjee, over againft 
 the Rhohillas, begun the Engagement about nine o'clock in 
 in the Morning; which lafted till the Evening; when the 
 Rhohillas were hard pufhed, and ready to give way : Abdallah 
 on feeing this, fent Hajv. Altai Ckan, at the head of 3030 
 horfe, to their Affiftance ; who, joined with Haju made the 
 attack in one quarter, while Shnjab id Dowlah did it on the 
 other. Ibrahim Chan Gardi and his troops were cut to 
 pieces; as alfo Bejwafi Rau, Bauhjee, Jengoujee, Shumjheir 
 Behadur and Jefwint Rau Pinzvar. Mulhar Rau was wounded 
 and Damahjee, and the other Moral tas fled, the carnage 
 that was made among the Morattas is inconceivable ; and 
 many were killed in the purfuit, ten or twelve thoufand 
 came over to Shujah ul Doxvlah and got protedlion in his 
 army. There was alfo a great many Elephants, and Guns, 
 taken from the Morattas. 
 
 Shah Abdallah, after he had gained this complete Viftory, 
 returned to Delhy; and, as many of his people were very 
 unwilling to remain any longer in Indostan, he returned 
 to his own Country : and the feveral Chiefs returned to 
 their own Subahs. The Country that lays between the tivo 
 rivers (the Ganges and Jumna) which was formerly fubjedt 
 to the Mo attas, was now divided in the following 
 manner ; between the feveral Chiefs, the provinces of Kara, 
 
 Kera
 
 4i8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Kera and Behour, fell to Shtijah ul Dmvtah; Kennauge and 
 the reft of Kaim Chan's Country to Ahmud Chan Bengip ; 
 Etarva Behotind, Paigaan and Boungaan to Chafez Rehmut 
 Chan ; Sbekhouabad to Douude Chan ; Murint Soukpit Paniput 
 and Chafe Hefaar, ^c. to Najebud Dowlah. 
 
 Shujah ul Dowlah afterwards went to Benares, and having 
 brought Shah Jllum, Shah Allumgheer's eldeft fon, from 
 Allahabad, he there fet him on the Throne. He foon after 
 marched to Kora, and having brought his Troops from acrofs 
 the Jumna, to Bcnddkind; he defeated Seinbhakifs and the 
 other Morattas, who were at, and about, Calpee ; and conquered 
 all the Countries of Jahft, Rendccha, Dona, Berour, Gualiar, 
 Kalabah, Ebrick, Calpee and Bedawer, and the Morattas were 
 all expelled and obliged to retreat to Malwa. 
 
 When Shujah, ul Dowlah was, fometime after, defeated by; 
 Bagjir, the Marattas returned, and took pofleffion o^ Calpee, 
 and the Country round ; but they could never again conquer 
 the Country to the Eaftward of the Jumna. 
 
 Morattas. 
 i6 
 
 The
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 419 
 
 The Latitudes and Longitudes of Places, 
 
 fituated between Masulipatam and Calcutta; 
 
 from AJironomical Obfervations, made in 1786 and 17S7, with 
 
 a few Curfory Remarks on the adjacent Countries. 
 
 By Michael Topping. Efq. 
 
 The Latitudes were all taken with an excellent Injlnment, 
 on the Hadleyan Principle^ made and graduated by Standi ffe, 
 and an Artificial Horizon, on the new Conftrudtion, by Dollond, 
 as were the Altitudes for correftion of the Chronometer. 
 
 The Chronometer, made ufe of, was a fmall one by Arnold, 
 that had before been under trial on a Voyage from England to 
 the Coaji ; and afterwards at Madrafs ; during an interval of 
 twelve months. The account, which follows, of the Method 
 obferved to afcertain its Rate, on the Road, will fhew how 
 fatisfadtorily it performed on this Occafion 
 
 A Telefcope of Mr. Dollond's, magnifying Power about forty- 
 feven times, was made ufe of, for the Eclipfes of Jupiter's 
 Satellites. Several Eclipfes vrere obferved, that are not regiftered 
 in this Account, which contains fuch only, as were found mod: 
 corrrefpondent and proper for determining the rate of the 
 Cl^ronometer. 
 
 In computing the Latitudes, not only the proportional parts 
 
 of the Declir.ations, are fcrupuloufly taken to feconds ; but the 
 
 Suns Refraclion and Para/lax are likewife made ufe of, with 
 
 G R A P H T jhe fame regard to exadlnefs ; Every care has been taken, 
 
 and in making the neceflary allowances, in the other Calculations, 
 
 ical Otfervations. and they havc all undergone a fedulous revifal. 
 
 13 5 R The
 
 420 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The rate of the Chronometer'' s Going, was determined by 
 Objcrvatiom on tlie Satellites of Jupiter, made at four principal 
 Stations, and fixing their Longitudes : In this important point, 
 the EcUpfes of the firjl Satellite were alone trufted to, as by far 
 the mod exafl, although it were to be wifhed, that correfpondent 
 Obfervations had been made of them, as well as of the EcUpfes 
 of the other Satellites, at Madrajs, or fome known Meridian in 
 India ; which would not only have rendered the EcUpfes of that 
 Satellite more corredt, but thofe of ihefecond and third of equal 
 value. T\\t four Jlationary Points were Mafulipatam^ Vizagapatam, 
 Ganjam and Calcutta. 
 
 In the Table of Latitudes and Longitudes, the ift Column 
 (hews the name of the Place, the 2d. its Latitude, by Obfervation; 
 the 3d its Longitude by the Chronometer, corrcfted according to 
 the rate found between the Stations ; and the 4th fuch Obfer- 
 vations of the Satellites of Jupiter, as were confided in, for fixing 
 the Longitudes of thofe Stations. The 5th Column contains the 
 day of the Month, on which the Altitudes, which follow, were 
 taken for the Longitudes ^ Chronometer i the 6th the Altitudes 
 themfelvcs, clear of Refra5lion and Semi-diameter, the 7th the 
 Times fhewn by the Chronometer, at the inflant thofe Altitudes 
 were taken, and the 8th the quantity, by which they gave 
 the Chronometer, too flow for mean time on the Spot. The 
 Chronometer being kept to Greenwich Time, as nearly as it would 
 go : The 9th Column fhews the Difference of Longitude, between, 
 the Places where the Altitudes were taken, and the Station laft 
 quitted ; as given by the Chronometer, with its fubfequent 
 correAions ; and the laft Column contains the true Meridional 
 Geography Zenith Difances of the Sun, from which the Latitudes, in the 2d 
 j^nj Column, were immediately deduced. 
 
 AJtronomkal Ob/ervatitns. 
 14 
 
 I have
 
 G R A P H r 
 
 and 
 ical Olfei vationi, 
 
 15 
 
 ORIENTAL REPEr^TORY. 421 
 
 I have chofen this mode of regiftering thefe refults, and the 
 data, on which they depend, from a defire I felt of putiing it 
 in the power of any perfan, converfant in thcfe matters, at a 
 future period, to re-examine them, and to point out miftakes 
 (if any) in the Calculations : Care however has been taken to 
 make them as corred as poffible, fo as to render fubfequent 
 fcrutiny, it is hoped, unneceflary. 
 
 But there arifes another advantage from this Method of 
 arranging the Obfervations ; which is, that if, at any future 
 time, a ftill more exadt method be found, of afcertaining the 
 Longitudes of the four Stationary Points, a new rate may thence 
 be formed, and the intermediate Longitudes be brought out, ftill 
 more accurately, without the trouble of going over the ground 
 again. 
 
 The Stations however it is believed, efpecially the three 
 Northernmoji ones, are very well determined ; at leaft as to their 
 relative Longitudes ; which alone can poflibly effed the rate of 
 the Chronometer, as determined by them. 
 
 A Table is likewife fubjoined of the Objervations made of fuch 
 Eclipfes of the Satellites o{ Jupiter, as I depended upon for the 
 Longitudes of the Stations. All the Data is inferted, upon which 
 the Calculations for thofe Longitudes depend, fo as to enable any 
 perfon, who chufes to be at the trouble of fuch inveftigation, 
 to re-examine them. 
 
 Method
 
 4ia ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Method obferved in order to -afccrtain the rate of the 
 Chronometers going on the Roads ; and thence to find the 
 fcveral neceffary corredtions for the Longitudes. 
 
 At Mafutipatara, December 5th at 4 PM. . . >. h. m. 1. 
 
 the Chronometer was (low for Mean Time. J ^' ' * 
 
 At Vizagapatam, December ijth, at 7I AM. . ^ 
 
 it was flow. 1 ^ '^^ 5^ 
 
 D. H. ~~~~~" 
 
 In 9. I J. the difference of Time the Chronometer (hewed was o. 5. 16 
 
 The Longitude of Mafulipatam by Satellites of ?> is 81? a' 
 of Vizagapatam by D? . . 83- '7 
 
 their difference of Longitude 2. i j=9m.of time. 
 
 But tke Chronometer gives a difference only of . . . J. 16 
 
 It therefore appears to hare gained in 9. 15. . . .3. 44 Or 
 *3>'3 f^ ^^y °°^ *^^ Road between Mafulipatam and Vizagapatam. 
 
 The feven latter days of my ftay at Mafulipatam, the Chronometer 
 gained 22 feconds ^ day ; fo that it appears to have been 
 very little affedled, by the motion of the Palanquin, between 
 the two lafl: Stations. 
 
 At Vizagapatam, December jjth, at 4^ PM. •. h. m. s. 
 
 The Chronometer was (low for Menn Time. f '' 3* 
 At Ganjam, January 3d, at ^\ PM. Slow 5. 16. 53 
 
 In 9 days the difference fhewn by it is . o. 3. 3a 
 
 The Longitude of Vizagapatam by Satellites of ?> is 83? 17' 
 of Ganjam by D? . . 85. 7 
 
 m. 5. 
 
 Geographt 
 
 and 
 
 Jfironomlcal Ohfer'vatioits, 
 
 16 
 
 their difference of Longitude 1. 50 = 7. ao. in time. 
 But the Chronometer gives a difference only of . . 3. 32 
 
 It therefore appears to have gained in 9 days . . . 3. 48 Or 
 ac,'3 ^ day, between Vizagapatam and Ganjam. 
 
 At
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 423 
 
 At Gaiijam, January i ith, PM. the Chronometer , h. rn. s.' 
 
 was flow for Mean Time. . . . , \ 5- '^- ^ 
 
 At Calcutta, January 30th, PM. it was flow 5. 19. 28 
 
 And gives a difference in 19 days of . . o. 5. 26 
 
 The Longitude of Ganjam by Satellites of ?> is 85? j'i 
 of Calcutta by D? . . 88. 25I 
 
 m. s. 
 their difference of Longitude is 3. 184 = 13. 13 in time. 
 
 But the Chronometer gives a difference of only . 5. 26 
 
 It has therefore gained in 19 days . . . . 7, 47 Or 
 
 a4',6 2p' day between Ganjam and Calcutta 
 
 The Corredtions therefore that appear neceflary to be adopted 
 are 23^3 ; 25S3 : and 2^^,6 gain f^ day refpectively. 
 
 The mean rate ^ day, between Fizagapatam and Calmtta, 
 during 36 days, was 24 feconds gain : * the trifling difference 
 obfervable in thefe, from the preceding rates, arifes from a 
 fmall change of rate, with which it feems to have been affected, 
 when in motion ; for it cannot be denied, but that it varied 
 its rate fomething on the road, though not in a degree to 
 injure the Calculations materially, checked as thefe are, by 
 corredion obtained from Cxlejlial Obfervations. 
 
 The mean rate of the ChronomeUr., when ftatlonary at 
 ISIafulipatatJi, was, for 26 days together only 20^,4 gain ^ day. 
 Its mean rate, during the ten days I was at Fizagapatam, was 
 20%i gain, and at Gaiijai?i for eight fucceffive days 2i%7, 
 though at Cahiitta, during a courfe of twenty five days, from 
 the day of my arrival there, its mean rate was 24^,7 daily gain, 
 performing all the time very equally and well. 
 
 GRAPHT. 
 
 , c S CorreSlicns 
 
 and -^ 
 
 lical Ohftrvatlem . 
 17 
 
 » So in MS. but the Mean of js',3 and 2 +',6 is 24',9S. v^
 
 4*4 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Geographt 
 
 and 
 AfronomicalOhfervat'ionu 
 
 i8 
 
 ConeElions of the Chronometer applied. 
 
 h. 
 Chronometer flow at MaXulipatam, December 5th, at 4 PM. 
 
 o. H. s. 
 
 Chronometer's gain in 3. 22, at 23,3 ^ day . • . 
 
 Slow for Mafuijpatam time, December 9th . . . 
 
 At Mahomedarum, December 9th, at a PM. . . 
 
 Mahomedarum EaA of Mafulipatam 
 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 
 
 Longitude of Mahomedarum 
 
 h. m. i. 
 
 . 5. II. 40 
 
 — o. I. 31 
 
 . 5. 10. 09 
 
 • S- '4- 4 
 
 o? s8'i . 
 81. 2 
 
 o. 3. ss 
 
 8::. o| Eaft of Greenwich. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Mafulipatam, Dec. 5th, at 4 PM. 
 
 D. H. h. s. n. H. m. s. 
 Chronometer's gain in 4. 16 (24 : 23,3 : : 4. 16. : i. 49) 
 
 Slow for Mafulipatam time, December loth . . 
 
 At Caflioporaum, December loth, at 8 AM. . 
 
 Caffioporaum Eaflcrly of Mafulipatam . i? io'| 
 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 81. 2 
 
 Longitude of Caflioporaum 82. i2| 
 
 h. 
 Chronometer flow at Mafulipatam, Dec. jth. at 4 PM. . 
 
 D. II. h. s. D. II. m. s. 
 
 gain in J. 22^ (24:23,3:: 5. 23:2.19) 
 
 Slow for IMafulijiatam time, December i ith. . 
 
 At Jagganaickporam, December i ith, at 2| PM. . 
 
 Jagganaickporam Eaflerly of Mafulipatam 1? 9"! 
 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 81. 2. 
 
 Longitude of Jagganaickporam 82. ii| 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 5. II. 40 
 
 o. I. 49 
 
 S- 9- S' 
 5. 14. 32 
 
 o. 4. 41 
 
 h. m. s. 
 5. II. 40 
 
 o. 2. 19 
 
 ?• 9-2 1 
 o. 4. 38 
 
 Chronometer
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 425 
 
 Chronometer flow at Mafulipatam, Dec. 5th, at 4 PM'. . 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 6. 18 (24 : 23,3 : : 6. 18:2. 37) 
 
 Slow for Mafulipatam time, December i2th. . 
 
 At Upparrah, December 12th, at 10 AM. . • . 
 
 Upparrah Eafterly of Mafulipatam . . 1? 14' . 
 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 81. 02 
 Longitude of Upparrah , 82. 16 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 5. ir. 4» 
 
 0. 2. 
 
 37 
 
 5. 9. 
 
 5. 13. 
 
 3 
 
 S9 
 
 0. 4. 
 
 56 
 
 Chronometer flow at Mafulipatam, Dec. 5th, at 4 PM. 
 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 7. 5 (24:23,3 : : 7. 5:2.47) 
 
 Slow for Mafulipatam time, December i2th. . , 
 
 At Pentacottah, December 12th, at 95 PM. . 
 
 Pentacottah, Eafterly of Mafulipatam, . 1? 28'i 
 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 81. 02 
 
 Longitude of Pentacottah 82. 3o| 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 5. II. 40 
 
 o. 2. 47 
 
 S- 8. S3 
 S' '4- 47 
 
 o. 5. 54 
 
 GRyi P HI" 
 
 and 
 
 tical Ohfcr'vations. 
 
 ^9 
 
 Chronometer flow at Mafulipatam, Dec. 5th, 
 
 h. s. d. 
 
 gain in 8 days (24:23,3:: 8 
 
 Slow for Mafulipatam time, December 13th. 
 At Wattara, December 13th, at 4 PM. 
 
 Wattara, Eafterly of Mafulipatam . . 
 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 
 
 Longitude of Wattara . 
 
 h. 
 
 at 4 PM. 
 m. s. ■» 
 : 3. 7) 
 
 I? 48' 
 
 81. 02 
 
 82. 50 
 
 h. m. s. 
 5. II. 40 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 7 
 
 5- 
 
 8. 
 
 33 
 
 5- 
 
 '3- 
 
 45 
 
 0. 
 
 7- 
 
 12 
 
 Chronomctcc
 
 ^tS 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 
 
 Chronometer flow at Mafulipatara, Dec. 5th, at 4 PM. . 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m. 8. 
 
 gain in 9. 15I (14 : 23,3 : : 9. 16 : 3. 44; 
 
 Slow for Mafulipatam time, December 15th. . . • 
 At Vizagapatam, December 15th, at 7! AM. . . 
 
 Vizagapatam, Eafterly of Mafulipatam . . 2? 15' . 
 Longitude of Mafulipatam 81. 02 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam S3. 17 
 
 h m. 8. 
 
 5. II. 4a 
 
 . 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 44 
 
 ' S- 
 
 7- 
 
 56 
 
 • S- 
 
 16. 
 
 $6 
 
 . 0. 
 
 9- 
 
 
 
 Between Vizagapatam and Ganjam. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, December 25th, at 4I PM 
 
 h. s. h. s. 
 
 gain in 14 hours 2 (24 : 25,3 : : 14 : 14) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, December 26th. 
 At Bimlipatam, December 26th, at 7^ AM. . 
 
 Bimlipatam, Eafterly of Vizagapatam . o? 5'! . 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam 83. 17 
 
 Longitude of Bimlipatam 83. 22^ 
 
 h, m. s, 
 J. 13. 21 
 
 o. o. 14 
 
 S- «3' 7 
 5. 13. 29 
 
 o. o. 22 
 
 Geographv 
 
 and 
 JJlroHomical Obftrvations. 
 
 20 
 
 h. 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. ajth, at 4I PM. 
 
 h. s. h. s. 
 
 gain in 41 hours | (24 : 25,3 : : 41I : 43) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, December 27th. . . 
 At Conara, December 27th, at 10 AM. • , 
 
 Conara, Eafterly of Vizagapatam . . t? i6"| . 
 
 Longitude of Vizagjpatam 83? 17 
 
 Longitude of Conr.ra 
 
 83- 33i 
 
 h. 
 
 m. 
 
 s. 
 
 5- 
 
 '3- 
 
 21 
 
 0, 
 
 0. 
 
 43 
 
 S- 
 
 12. 
 
 38 
 
 S- 
 
 '3- 
 
 44 
 
 0. 
 
 I. 
 
 6 
 
 Chronometer
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 427 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. 25th. at 4* PM. 
 
 h. s. I1. 3.' 
 
 gain in s days (24 : 25,3 : ; 48 : 50) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, December 27th, . 
 At CottapoUara, December 27ih, at 4 PM. 
 
 Cottapollara, Eafterly of Vizagapatam. , o? 26'^ 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam 83. 17 
 Longitude of Cottapollam 83. 43I 
 
 h. 
 
 m. 
 
 S. 
 
 r. ■ .5. 
 
 "3- 
 
 2t 
 
 . 0. 
 
 0. 
 
 50 
 
 • 5- 
 
 12. 
 
 31 
 
 . 5. 
 
 14. 
 
 »7 
 
 1 . 0. 
 
 I. 
 
 46 
 
 h. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. 2Sth, at 4I PM. 
 
 D. H. h. s. D. H. m. s. 
 
 gain in 2. 141 (24 : 25,3 : : 2. IJ : i. 6) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, Dec. 28th. . , 
 
 At Chicacole, December 28th, at 7I AM. 
 
 Chicacole, Eafterly of Vizagapatam 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam 
 Longitude of Chicacole 
 
 o- 3S'i 
 83. ,7 
 
 h. 
 
 m. 
 
 s. 
 
 s- 
 
 13- 
 
 21 
 
 0. 
 
 I. 
 
 6 
 
 S- 
 
 J 2. 
 
 'S 
 
 5. 
 
 14. 
 
 37 
 
 0. 
 
 2. 
 
 22 
 
 83- S2| 
 
 G R A P H r 
 
 and 
 tlcal Ohfcrvations. 
 
 21 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. 25th, at 4I PM. 
 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 5. 16 (24 ; 25,3 : : 5. 16 : 2. 24) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, December 31ft. 
 At Poondy, December 31ft, at 8 hours |, AM. 
 
 Poondy Eafterly of Vizagapatam. . . i? io'| . 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam 83- '7 
 Longitude of Poondy . 84. 27I 
 
 h. m. 8. 
 
 S- 13. 21 
 
 . 0. 
 
 2. 
 
 ^4 
 
 • 5- 
 
 10. 
 
 IS- 
 
 57 
 
 40 
 
 . 0. 
 
 4- 
 
 43 
 
 ST 
 
 Chronometer
 
 42S 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Geographv 
 
 and 
 Aftronomical Obfervattons, 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. ijth, at 4I PM. 
 
 n. H. h. s. tl. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 6. 2*. (24 : 25,3 : : 6. 2 : 2 3j) 
 
 Slow for Vizasrapatani time, December 31ft. . . 
 At Barawa, December 31ft, at 7 I'M. . . 
 
 Baraiva, Eafterly of Vizagapatam .... 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapaiam 83. 17 
 
 Longitude of Baraua . . 
 
 h. 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. 25th, at i,\ PM. 
 D. H. h. 9. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 6. 21 (24. : 25,3 : : 6. 21 : 2. 55) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, January ift, (1787) . 
 
 H. 
 
 At Itchapour, ill January, :787, at :| PM. . . . 
 
 Itchapour, Eafterly of Vizagapatam. . 1? 27'! . 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam 83. 17 
 
 Longitude of Itchapour, . 84. 44^ 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vizagapatam, Dec. 25th, at 4^ PM. 
 
 D. H. h. 8. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 7. 15! (24 : 25,3 : : 7. 16 : 3. 15) 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, January 2d. . . . 
 
 At Monfercotta, January 2d, at 8| AM. 
 
 Monfercotta, Eafterly of Vizagapatam 
 
 Longitude of Vizagapatam 
 
 Longitude of Monfercotta, 
 
 1. 41 ^ 
 
 «3- >7 
 84. iH 
 
 h. ni. s. 
 S- '3- 21 
 
 o. 2. 35 
 5. 10. 46 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 S. 13. 21 
 
 . 0. 
 
 2- 55 
 
 . 5- 
 
 iO. 26 
 
 16. 16 
 
 . 0. 
 
 s- 50 
 
 h. m. s. 
 S- '3- ^i 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 "S 
 
 
 10. 
 16. 
 
 0.6 
 
 SI 
 
 0. 
 
 6. 
 
 45 
 
 22 
 
 Chronometer
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 429 
 
 h. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Vlzagap.itam, Dec. ^jtli, at 41 PM. 
 
 h. s. (J. m. s. 
 
 gala in 9 days (24 ; 25,3 : : g : 3. 50) . 
 
 Slow for Vizagapatam time, J.muary 3J, 
 
 At Gaiijara, January 3, at 4§ PJM. . . . . 
 
 Gan;am, Eafterly of Vizagapatam. . 1? :;o'| , 
 
 I.ongitude of Vizagapatam. S3. 17 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam. 81;. 7I 
 
 Slow tor Gan'am time, January 12th. 
 
 On the Beach near Maloud, January 12th, 9I AM. 
 
 Place of Obfervation Eafterly of Ganjam, o? 10'} 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 
 s- -1 
 
 Longitude of Place of Obfervation 85. 18 
 
 h, m. s. 
 
 5- '3- 21 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 50 
 
 i- 
 
 9- 
 
 3« 
 
 5" 
 
 16. 
 
 53 
 
 0. 
 
 ; * 
 
 2Z 
 
 Between Ganjiwi and Calcutta. 
 
 h. 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, January nth, at 4I PM. 
 
 h. s. h. s. 
 
 Chronometer's gain in 17 hours (24: 24,6 : : 17 : 17) 
 
 h, m. s. 
 5. 14. 2 
 
 0. 
 
 0. 17 
 
 •>• 
 
 '3- 4S 
 [4, 27 
 
 0. 
 
 0. 42 
 
 ; R A p H r 
 
 and 
 
 1/ Obfervatitns, 
 
 2^ 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam January nth at 4I PM. 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. s. 
 
 gain in l. 21^ (24: 24,6 : ; i. 22 : 46) 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January 1 3th 
 
 At Manickpatara, January 13th, at 2 PM. 
 
 Manickpatam, Eafterly of Ganjam . . 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 
 C?29' 
 
 85. 07I 
 
 Longitude of Manickpatam 85. 36I 
 
 h. m. s. 
 S- '4- 2 
 
 0. 
 
 0. 46 
 
 
 13. i6 
 15. 12 
 
 0. 
 
 '• 50 
 
 Chronometer
 
 43° 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 GEOGR'ipnr 
 
 and 
 Aftronomiial Obfervatiom. 
 
 24 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, January iith 
 D. H. h. s. 
 gain in a. 17I (24 : 24,6 : : 
 
 h. 
 , at4|PM. 
 d. h. m. s. 
 a. 18 : I. 6) 
 
 • ■ • 
 
 0? 43' . 
 
 85. 7l 
 85. 5of 
 
 h. 
 • 5- 
 
 . 0. 
 
 m. s. 
 
 14. 2 
 
 I. 6 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January 14th. . 
 At Jaggemaut, January 14th, at 10 AM. 
 
 Jaggernaut, Eafterly of Ganjam 
 
 • S- 
 
 • 5- 
 . 0. 
 
 la. 56 
 15. 48 
 
 a. 5a 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 Longitude of Jaggernaut 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam January nth 
 
 D. H. h. s. 
 gain in 3. i| (a4 : 24)6 : 
 
 h. 
 at 4| PM. . 
 d. h. m. s. 
 3. 2 : I. 14) 
 
 • • • 
 
 0?42'| . 
 
 8;. Ik 
 
 h. 
 • 5- 
 
 . 0. 
 
 m. s. 
 14. a 
 
 I. 14 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January 14th . 
 At Aumutpour, January 14th, at 6 PIM. 
 
 Aumutpour, Eafterly of Ganjam 
 
 • S- 
 
 • 5- 
 . 0. 
 
 la. 48 
 
 '5- 38 
 
 2. 50 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 
 
 
 Longitude of Aumutpour 
 
 85. 50 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, January iit 
 D. H. h. s. 
 gain in 3. i6| (24 : a4,6 : 
 
 h. 
 
 h, at4|PM. 
 
 d. h. m. s. 
 : 3. 17 : 1.30) 
 
 • • 
 
 o?44 . 
 85- 07i 
 
 h, 
 
 • S- 
 
 . 0. 
 
 m. s. 
 
 14. a 
 
 I. 30 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January 15th. . 
 AtPecplcy, January 15th, at 9 AM. . 
 
 • s 
 
 • s- 
 
 . 0. 
 
 la. 3a 
 
 15. 28 
 
 Pccply, Eafterly of Ganjam . 
 
 2. 56 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 
 
 Longitude of Peepley. 
 
 85. sii 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chronometer
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 431 
 
 h. 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, January irth, at 4^ PM. 
 D. H. h. 3. d. h. in. s. 
 
 gain in 4. i6| (24 : 24,6 : : 4. x6 : i. 55) 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January i6tli. 
 At Cattac, January i6th, at 8| AM. 
 
 Cattac, Eaflerly of Ganjam, &c. . . o? 45' 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam . 85. 07I 
 
 Longitude of Cattac 
 
 h. 
 
 m. 
 
 s. 
 
 s 
 
 U- 
 
 - 
 
 0. 
 
 I. 
 
 55 
 
 5- 
 
 12. 
 
 7 
 
 5- 
 
 '5- 
 
 7 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 
 
 J5. s.i 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, Januaiy 1 1 th, at 4I PM. 
 
 D. H. h, s. d. b. m. s. 
 
 gain in 5. 16 (24 : 24,6 : : 5. i6 : 2. 19) 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January 17th 
 
 At Luckempour, January 17th, at 8 AM. . 
 
 Luckempour, Eaflerly of Ganjam. . . 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam . 
 
 Longitude of Luckempoor 
 
 o? 57'! 
 
 85- °7l 
 86. 05I 
 
 S. 14. 2- 
 
 0. 
 
 2. 
 
 '9 
 
 5- 
 
 II. 
 
 '5- 
 
 43 
 34 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 S' 
 
 GRAPH!' 
 
 and 
 ;V<j/ Ohfervalions. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, January nth, at 4I PM. 
 
 I). H. h. s. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 6. 17I (24 : 24,6 : : 6. 18 : 2.45 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January iSth. . . 
 
 At Burwah, January 18th, at 10 AJI. . . 
 
 Burwah, Eafterly of Ganjam. . . i? 8' 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam. . Rj. 7J 
 
 Longitude of Curwah . 86. 15I 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 s- 14- » 
 
 0. 
 
 2. 
 
 45 
 
 5 
 
 II. 
 
 '7 
 
 49 
 
 0. 
 
 4' 
 
 3* 
 
 25 
 
 5U 
 
 Chronometer
 
 43 * 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTOR=Y. 
 
 h. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam, January nth, at 4I PM. 
 d h. h. s. d. hi m. s> 
 
 gain in 7. 17 (24 ; 24,6 : : 7. 17 : 3. 9) . 
 
 Slow for Ganjam time, January igth. . « r >•• ■ •- < 
 At Byddiick, January 19th, at <)| AM., r , ., ', . ■< 
 
 Buddrick, Eaflcrly of Ganjam, 
 
 Lortgitude of Ganjam . 
 Longitude of Buddrick . 
 
 «? ^i'l 
 
 8S_7l 
 86. 30 i 
 
 h. m. (. 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 9 
 
 5- 
 
 10. 
 
 5.3 
 
 $' 
 
 16. 
 
 36 
 
 5" J3 
 
 - - - h. - 
 Chronometer flow at Ganjam January nth. at 4j PM. 
 D. u. h. s. d. h. m. s. 
 
 gain in 8. 15I (24 : 24,6 : : 3. 16 : 3. 32) 
 
 ■Slow for Ganjam time, January 2Cth 
 
 ■At Surrong, January 20th, at 8 AM . . . . 
 
 ' Sufi'&iig , Eaflcrly of Ganjam . . . '" 33' • 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 Longitude of Surrong 
 
 85. 
 
 .1 
 
 86. 4-.§ 
 
 - h. m. 6. 
 
 , 5. 14. z 
 
 nonou 
 0. ■?. 
 
 1, > 
 1» 
 
 5< 10. 
 5. ,6. 
 
 30 
 42 
 
 0. 6, 
 
 i» 
 
 G E o G R A p i: r 
 
 and 
 jijranmical Obfcrvatitnu 
 
 ChV&iolMeter flow at^Giiniam, January nth, at 47 PM. 
 
 - •• - , h. s. d. m. s. 
 
 gain in 10 days (24 : 24,6 : ; jo : 4. 6) . 
 
 Striw for Ganjam time, January a ift 
 .At Caliifore, Januarj- 21ft, at 45 PM. 
 
 Balafore, Eafterly of Ganjam . 
 
 Longitude of Ganjam 
 Longitude of Balafore 
 
 imo we 
 
 1? i3'i 
 
 'v °72 ,^- 
 
 87. 01 
 
 h. m. s. 
 ■■ri- ■■>>i>i I 
 
 . o. 4. 6 
 
 . s- 9- 56 
 • S- »7- 30 
 
 . . o- . 7-34 
 
 ..--..•sr.v-s-r^iO '.01 
 
 £6 
 
 r>;jaiu;KO/i ' 
 
 CkroQometer
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 From Balafjre to Calcutta. 
 
 Chronoratter flow at Balafore, . 2 1 ft January, at 4I PM. 
 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. s. 
 
 gain in i. 15I (24 : 24,6 : ; i. i6 : 39) 
 
 Slow for Balafore time, Jauuaiy 23d. . •, ' • > 
 At Jeliefore, January 23J, at 7^- AM. . . . 
 
 Jellsfore, Eafterly of Balafore . . 
 
 Longitude of Balafore 
 
 Longitude of Jeliefore. 
 
 c? is'l 
 
 87. ot 
 87. i6i 
 
 433 
 
 h. m. £. 
 $• '7- 3® 
 
 0. 
 
 Q- 39 
 
 5- 
 5- 
 
 16. 5T 
 
 17- H 
 
 0. 
 
 I- 3 
 
 
 
 Chronometer flow at Balafore, aift January, at 4^ PM. 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m- s. 
 
 gain a. 23 (24 : 24,6 : : 2. 23 : 1.13) 
 
 h. m, s. 
 
 s- 17- 33 
 
 o. I. 13 
 
 Slow for B:i!afore time, January 24th. . . 
 
 At Narangur, January :4th, at 3! PM. . , 
 
 Narangur, Eafterly of Balafore . . c? 29' 
 
 Longitude of Balafore . 87. 1 
 
 Longitude of Naranjrur . 
 
 . 5. 16. 17 
 . 5. 18. 13 
 
 . c. 1. 56 
 
 87. 30- 
 
 h. h, m. s. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Balafore, iiftjanuarj', 3145 PM. . 5. 17. 30 
 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m.s. 
 
 gain in 4. 2 if (24 : 24,6': : 4. 2a : 4.i} 
 
 G R A P H r 
 
 and 
 •cal Ohfcrvations, 
 
 27 
 
 Slow for Balafore time, January 26th. . 
 At Midnapour, January 26th, at 2 PM. 
 
 Midnapour, Eafterly of Balafore 
 
 Longitude of Balafore 
 
 Longitude of Midnapour 
 
 t + 
 
 5. 17. 06 
 
 o. 1. 37 
 
 87. 01 
 
 87. 
 
 1-0 ) 
 
 Chronometer 

 
 434 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Ballaforc, sift January, at 4J PM. 
 D. H. h. 9. d. h. m. 3. 
 
 gain in 7. 15I (24 : 24,6 : : 7. 16 : 3. 8) 
 
 Slow for Balaforc time, January 29th. . 
 At Tumlook, January 29th, at 8 AM. . 
 
 Tumlook, Eafterly of Balafore 
 
 Longitude of Balafore 
 
 Longitude of Tumlook 
 
 0? 
 
 S8' 
 
 87. 
 
 01 
 
 87. 
 
 59 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 5- '7- 30 
 
 
 
 3- 
 
 8. 
 
 s- 
 
 14. 
 
 22 
 
 5- 
 
 i3. 
 
 H 
 
 0. 
 
 3- 
 
 s* 
 
 h. 
 
 Chronometer flow at Balafore, 2!ft January, at 4^ PM. 
 
 D. H. h. s. d. h. m.s. 
 
 gain in 8. 2i| (24 : 24,6 : : 8. 22 : 3.39) 
 
 • • 
 
 Slow for Balaforc time, January 30th, at 2 PM. 
 
 At Calcutta, January 30th, at 2 PM. . 
 
 Calcutta, Eafterly of Balafore. . . 1? 24'^ 
 
 Longitude of Balafore . 87. 01 
 
 Longitude of Calcutta . 88. 25I 
 
 h. m. s. 
 
 S- '7- 30 
 
 °' 3- 39 
 
 5- '3- 5« 
 5. 19. 28 
 
 o. s- ^7 
 
 G E O G R J P H r 
 
 and 
 ^ifiroHOm'ual Ohfervations. 
 
 28 
 
 Names
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 435 
 
 BS of Places. 
 
 LitituJes 
 
 Losg 
 
 •r 
 
 Long, f 
 
 
 
 Obf.North. 
 
 Chro. 
 
 Eall. 
 
 ^Satellites. 
 
 Date. 
 
 
 byM.A.O 
 
 
 
 / 
 
 ° J " 
 
 1786. 
 
 
 16? 10.' 5" 
 
 
 
 81. 02 ^ 
 
 . 
 
 
 16. 10. }6 
 
 
 
 Medium 
 
 • 
 
 lipatam . 
 
 16. 10. \z 
 
 
 
 of two 
 
 • • 
 
 [r. Statham's) 
 
 16. 10. 17 
 
 
 
 Immerfions. 
 
 
 Flag Stoff 
 
 16. 10. 16 
 
 
 
 • • 
 
 • 
 
 i\ Miles . 
 
 16. 10. la 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 • 
 
 Mean 
 
 i6. 10. 16 
 
 — ' 3. 20 
 
 
 .atitude of Fort 
 
 16. 7. 56 
 
 
 apillee 
 
 M. A. 
 
 
 ommanding 
 
 16. 35. 49 
 
 
 rs Houfe.) 
 
 16. 36. 43 80. 
 
 .61 
 
 NWIN. 
 
 16. 37. 4 
 
 
 \ INIile 
 
 16. 36. 2 
 
 « 
 
 to 58'' 
 
 16. 36. 24I 
 
 1 
 
 Latitude. 
 
 + 58 
 
 
 ititude of i'frtij 16. 37. 22§ 
 
 
 M. A. 
 
 illee . 
 
 . 16. 44. 80. 43I 
 
 ars from 
 
 inferred from a 
 
 WiN.) 
 
 Bear'&dlft.fr.EIlore. . 
 
 
 M. A. 
 
 Fort 
 
 . 16. 42. 10 
 
 
 16. 41. 38 81. o| 
 
 
 16. 42. 23 . 
 
 True Alt. Tiiiie ^ Chro.flow D.Lon.from 0'Mer.Z.D. 
 
 O" Cent. Chronom. forM.T. fomeStuiion. byObfcrvat. 
 
 . . h. m. s. h. m. s. 
 
 • . 
 
 •. 
 
 
 33. 7. 5 Nov. ^th 
 
 
 33. 24. 35 10th 
 
 
 33. 40. 50 nth 
 
 
 34. 59. 42 i6th 
 
 
 35. 14. 29 17th 
 
 
 35. 28. 51 iS.h 
 
 Dec. 5. 13. 13. 47 II. 10. 44 5. II. 40 
 
 Bezoara Pa/s bears from ConJapilke' 
 S£b£ about 10 Miles 
 
 o- 35'i 
 
 Height of ConJapiUte 
 
 geometrically meafured, 1 326 Feet. J 
 
 > Mafuli' 
 Ue Peal, j patam. 
 
 28. 47. 19 Odt. ajih 
 
 Wefterly of 29. 8. 49 26th 
 
 Mafuli- 30. 29. 35 33th 
 
 3a. 48. s 31ft 
 
 The famous Diamond 'LTtnts of 
 Golconda, at Malvallee, within 
 3 or 4 Miles of this Place. 
 
 o. 17W 
 
 of 
 EUore. 
 
 Cantonments, for the Troops of 
 the Mafulipatam Di 
 Colonel Braithwaite 
 
 o- 33 1 
 
 the Mafulipatam Diftrift, under r Eafteriy of 32. 9. 35 
 
 31. 51. 34 Nov. 3d 
 4th 
 Condapillee. 33. 4. 36 7th 
 
 Mean 16. 42. 04 
 
 le. 
 
 Doub. Alt. 
 
 16. 26. 81. i| 
 
 A fmall Mud Fort, uninhabited, and! |a Mile \\X 33. 6. 
 overgrown with Grafs, &c. J of Mafullp"'. 
 
 Nov. 8th 
 
 O G R A P H r 
 
 and 
 \omtcal Obfervatioits. 
 
 5X 
 
 Chiana-Gollapnllam 
 
 29
 
 43^ 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Names of Places. Latitudes Long. ^ Long. ^ Troe Alt. Time f Chro. flow D.Lon.from Q'Mer.Z.D. 
 
 Obf.Nor.h. Chro.Eaft. ^Satellite. Date. O* Cent. Chronom. forM.T. fomeStation. byObfcrvat. 
 
 byM.A.© ? .' • ? / " 1-86. ? .' " h. m. s. h. m. s. ? .' ? .' " 
 
 Chlnna-Gollapollam. .6. aa. 3+ Mafulipatam. 13. 47- ^3 
 
 Sea Horizon 81. 2O5 
 (at HiinttngChoiillryhy Sea-liJe.) 
 
 ^laddepollam 
 Faftory 
 
 Mean of 4 
 
 M.A.of ■••:-■< .... 
 
 16. 25. 26| 81. 33I 81. 27 
 M. A. Im. ift Sat. 
 
 16. 26. 5 . . Middling Cbf. 
 
 Sept. i6th. . . . • • . o. i8|E 
 
 The Villages of MaddepoUam and o. 3i|E 
 Narfipour are contiguous : 
 Narffour is much the largeft. 
 
 39. 6. 5 Dec, 
 
 Mean 16. 25. 45 
 
 Mahomedarum M. A. O 
 
 (aboutiwaybetween 16. 37. 21 82. o|- 
 Amlipore & Ingerara.) 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 Caffiporam . . 16. 46. 49 82. I2| 
 (at the Refident (CoringaNNE 
 of Ingeram's about 2 Miles. 
 
 Houfe.) YanamS.3Miles.) 
 
 o. s8JE 
 
 QthDec.PM. 
 
 5. 14. 4 
 
 39- 29' 43 
 
 loDec.AM. 15. 25. 7 2. 20. 18 £. 14. 3a 
 
 1. loiE 39. 44. 41 
 
 M. A. O 
 Jagganaickporam 16. 56. 3 82, ii| 
 a Dutch Settlement 
 (a pointer extremity 
 of A Sand-bank at Sea 
 SE|E2leagues.) 
 
 Upparrah 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 17. 4. 14 82. 16 
 
 iiDec.PM. 34. 39. 57 9. 16. 17 s- '3- 59 '• 9§E 39. j8. ^8 
 
 12 Dec. AM. 42. 15. 10 4. 54. 41 5. 13. 59 1. :4E 40. u. ^3 
 
 M.A.vsAchernar. 
 Pentacottah 17. 16. 11 82. 30I 
 
 good Obfervat, 
 (Hills approach the Sea.) 
 
 -;■: Sirius. -;■. Acheraar. 
 
 laDec.PM. 22. 1. 10 3. 55. 14 5. 14. 47 1. 28 E 75. 35. 38 
 
 Wattara 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 17. 25. I 82. 50 
 
 Z. D. O 
 i3Dec.PM. 20. 9. 10 10. 31. 41 5. 15. 45 1. 48 E 40. 36. 40 
 
 M. A. 
 
 Semporapillee . 17. 33. 24 
 
 14th Dec. 
 
 • t « • 
 
 40. 48, 44 
 
 Geographt 
 
 and 
 Jlfironomical Obfervalions. 
 30 
 
 Vizagap
 
 ORIENTAL REPER.TORY. 
 
 437 
 
 s of Pkces. Latitudes Lonj. ^ Long. ^ 
 
 Obf.North. Chro.Eaft ?? Satellite. Date. 
 
 bvM.A.O ? .' ? .' " 1786. 
 
 True Alt. Time ^ Chro.flow D.Lon.from Q'Mer.Z.D. 
 ©'Cent. Chionom. fo. M.T. fumeStation. bvOufervat. 
 ? .' " h. m. s. h. m. 3. ? .' ? .' " 
 
 ;apatam 
 Foit 
 
 17. 41. 6 
 
 17. 40. 37 83. 17. 83. 17. zJSjt, 
 
 17. 40, 59 
 
 Mean 17. 40. 54 
 
 ^' *■ December 
 
 very fine 
 Obfervation. 
 
 1 5th AM. 13. 36. 57 2. 9. 42 5. 16. 56 
 25th PM. 9. 37. II II. 30. 30 5. 13. 24 
 
 Mafulipatam. 
 
 2. 15E. 40. 59. 39 Dec. ijth 
 
 41. I. $$ i6c^ 
 
 41. 4- a n^^ 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 patam . • i?- S°- i° ^i- ^^1 
 Wards.) 
 
 Vizagapatam. 
 26DCC.AM. g. 19. 25 2. 3. 16 5. 13. 29 o. 5I E 41. 15. 40 
 
 M. A. O 
 ■ah 18. o. 37 83, 331 
 
 wpettah about i J Mile N'.) 
 
 pollai 
 
 cole 
 
 dy 
 
 18. 7. eftim^Sj. 43^ 
 nearly 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 18. 17. 24 . 
 
 18. 17. 28 83. 52I 
 
 Mean i8. 17. 26 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 18. 39. 54 84. 271 
 
 • • 
 
 • • 
 
 27Dec.AM. 38. 10. J2 4. 39. 58 5. 13. 44 o. i6|E 41. 21. 3 
 
 27Dec.PM. 16. 23. 13 10. 56. 43 5. 14. 17 o. 26|E 
 
 • • 
 
 o. 35IE 41. 34. 56 Dec. 28th 
 28Dec.AM. 12. 16. 51 2. 18. 16 £. 14. 37 41. 31. 40 29th 
 
 31 Dec. AM. 25. 54. 15 3. 28. 38 5. 15. 40 I. lo^E 41. 45. 55 
 
 ,pour 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 19. 6. 32 84. 44I 
 
 • • 
 
 2787. 
 Jan. iftPM. 41. 36. 5 8. 25. 28 5. 16. 16 i. 37|E 42. 7. ijj 
 
 fercotta 
 
 1 I J mile 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 19. 16. 51 84. 58^ 
 
 M. A. O 
 am . . 19. 23. 27 
 Flag Si of . 19. 22. 51 
 
 Jan. 2d AM. 24. 37. 38 3. 23. 5 5. 16, 51 !■ 415E 42. i3. Sj 
 
 I „ Mean 19. 23. 16 
 
 I to 34 ' ■' 
 
 .atitude. 
 
 9"D.Long. 
 
 Jan.3dPM. 13. 29. 43 zi. 9. 43 5. 16. 53 x. 50jE 42. 13. 50 Jan. 3d 
 •••. •• ■• •• ...• 42. 7* S 4'h 
 
 19. 23. 51 8;. 7^ 85. 7|.iftSat. Jan.ii.PM. 13. 32. 28 ii. 18. 10 5. 14. a . . 4'- S4> 'o ^tlx 
 
 very fine 
 Obfervation. 
 
 - 34 
 
 Latitude of Jffr/ 19. 22. 42 
 
 : o G R A p H r 
 
 and 
 momical Oh/cwations, 
 
 Rhumbab 
 
 31
 
 438 
 
 Names of Places. Litirudcs Long. ^ Long. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 True Air. Time ^ Chro. flow D.Lon.from O'Mer.Z.D. 
 Obf.Nonh. Chro.Eaft. ^Satellite. Date. ©'Cent. Chronom. forM.T. fomeStatiou. byObfcrvat. 
 
 byM.A.O 
 
 Rhumbah, ? •' " Chronometer 
 
 (at the Chief of 19. 31. 16 not with me, 
 
 Ganjam's Hunting-Seat, but lyes about 
 
 on the Chilca Lake.) N?of Ganjam. 
 
 O ' o ' /' 
 
 787. 
 
 o / // 
 
 h. m. s. h. ni. s. 
 
 o / // 
 
 4a. 8. 57 Jan, 
 
 Sand-bank M. A. O 
 
 by Chilca Lake. 19. 31. 44 85. 18 
 
 (Maloud NWbW i mile.) 
 
 Ganjaro« 
 Jan.12.AM. 34. 5. 17 4. 19. 37 5. H- *7 O" 1O2E 4^> "• 3 
 
 M. A. O 
 Manickpatam . 19. 41. 23 85. 36I . . Jan.13.PM. 39. 17. 8. 55. i6 5. 15. la o. 29E 41. 10. 40 
 
 (Jaggcrnaut Pagoda juft in fight, ENE Northerly by Compafs, 5 or6 leagues.) 
 
 M. A. O 
 Juggernaut 19. 48. 10 85. 50I • 
 
 (Pagoda SW I mile.) 
 
 Jaa.14.AM. 38. 54. 7 4. 49. 38 5. 15. 48 o. 43E 41. 7. 2J 
 
 Aumutpour . . 19. 57. 85. 50 
 
 by cftimation. 
 
 -,< Sirius. 
 Jan.14. PM. 12, 45. 54 I. 7. 5. 15. 38 o. 42jE 
 
 M. A. O G* Alt. 
 
 Peepley . . 20. 6. 2 85. si| . . Jan.15.AM. 29. 37. 47 3. 54. J. 15. 28 o. 44E 41. 14. 25 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 Cattac . . 20. 27. 19 85. 52. . . Jan.i6,AM. 26. 10. 47 3. 36. 17 5. ij. 7 o. 45E 41. 24. 26 
 
 M. A. O 
 
 Luckempour . 20. 33. 86. 5J. 
 
 but an indiff. Obferv. 
 
 a cloud paffing over 
 
 the O at Noon. 
 
 Jan.17.AM. 20. 45. s 3- 7- 33 S- 15- 34 ». 57|E 41. 18. 25 
 
 Burwah . . 20. 47. 46 86. i^f. 
 
 Jan.i8.AM. 39. 57. 17 4. 59. 43 5. 15. 49 1. 8E 41. 20, 40 
 
 Geographt 
 
 and 
 AftrontmUal Ohfervations, 
 
 3^ 
 
 Bud
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 •s of Places. Latitudes Long. ^ Long. ^ True Alt. Time ^ Chro.flow D.Lon.from O'Mer.Z.D. 
 
 Obf.North. Chro.Eaft. ?> Satellite. Date. ©'Cent. Clironom. for M.T. foineStat'.oa. byObfcrvat. 
 
 O ? .' ? .' " 1787. ? .' " h. m. s, h. ro. s. ? .' ? .' " 
 
 ? / " Ganj^m. 
 
 rick . . 21. 2. 27 86. joj. . . Jan.19.AM. 33. 50. 56 4. 19. 32 5. 16. 26 i. 23IE 41. 22. 49 
 
 439 
 
 ns 
 
 O 
 
 . 21. 14, 40 86. 402. 
 
 Jan.20,AM. 19. 23. 54 3. o. 40 5. 16. 42 i. 33 E 41, 22. 16 
 
 re . . 21. 29. 56 87. 01. 
 
 Jan.21.PM. 14. 55. 14 II. 10. 50 5. 17. 30 1. 53|E 41. 24. 19 
 
 21. 48. 6 87. 16^. 
 
 Balafore. 
 Jan.23.AM. 14. 17. 34 2. 34. 35 5. 17. 54 o. I5IE 41. 14. 56 
 
 egur . 
 
 
 • 22. 
 
 3. 40 good Obf. 
 
 igur . 
 
 
 • 22. 
 
 8. eflim. 87. 30 
 
 
 
 M 
 
 A. 
 
 apour . 
 
 
 . 22. 
 
 25. 51 87. 25I 
 
 m SE 1 
 
 mi 
 
 e. 
 
 
 look 
 
 22. 17. 42 87. 59. 
 
 4i« 16. II 
 
 Jan.24.PM. 29. 9. 30 9. 57, 15 5. 18, 13 o. 29 E 
 
 Jaii,26.PM. 39. 13. 17 8. 57. 55 5. 17. 06 o. 24IE 41. 8. 41 
 
 Mean of this & 
 anotherAltitude. 
 Jan.29.AM. 19. 59. 4; 3. I, 6 5. 18. 14 o. 58 E 40. 29. 41 
 
 
 M. A. 
 
 
 
 tta 
 
 22. 34- ail 
 22. 34. 55 J 
 
 83.. 
 
 i5| . . 
 
 r the eld 
 
 
 • • • 
 
 irt-houfe 
 
 
 
 88. 25|. iftSat 
 
 ngee 
 
 ^22. 33. I 
 
 
 
 lile&a halfS" 
 
 iz. 33. 39 
 
 
 . 88, 24J. iftS. 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 "• 33- 3 
 
 
 . 88. 26. iftS. 
 
 fiaffdi Fort - 
 
 2i- 33- 7 
 
 
 • • • 
 
 ^i|E. * 
 
 22. 33. 6 
 
 
 • • ■ 
 
 e. 
 
 22. 33. 16 
 
 
 . . 
 
 
 22. 32. 36 
 
 
 • • • 
 
 
 22. 33. 7 Mean 
 
 
 
 + I. 30 
 
 
 
 ude of Calcutta 22. 34. 37 
 ;an of the two Upper-fights 
 1 at Calcutta is 22. 34. 38 
 
 Jan.30.PM. 40. 46. 19 8. 50. 30 5. 19. 28 1. 24^E 40. 13.541 Jan. 30th 
 
 39- 
 
 '3' 541 Jan.30th 
 57.55} 3 'ft 
 
 5 Y 
 
 3^. 
 
 36. 
 35- 
 34- 
 34- 
 34- 
 
 46. 24 Feb. 4th 
 34.53 nth 
 
 14. 30 
 34. 6 
 52.50 
 
 3^. 5 
 10. 19 
 
 i2th 
 14th 
 1 6th 
 17th 
 i8th 
 
 Table 
 
 o G R A p H r 
 
 ami 
 ncmical OhfervalionSt 
 
 So in the Ongiaal. ^ 
 
 33
 
 440 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Table of the Edipfcs of ?^'s Satellites, obferved at the principal Stations, 
 With the Data for Computing the Longitude from tljem. 
 
 Places of Obfervation. Date. Satellites App". Time Longitude Place of ©'TrueAlt. Mean Time Time by Daily r 
 
 17S6, of?' ofObfervation. in Time. Obfervations. forCor.Chro. byO'Altitude. Chronometer. ofChr.ga 
 
 h. m. s. h. m. s. ? •' ? .' " h. m. s. h. m. s. $. 
 
 Mafulipatam . Oct. 8th ift I. 8. 51. 3 A 5. 24. 22 16. iqN. 25. 46. 50 3. 51. 14 PM. 10. 56. 50 AM. 20 
 
 (at Mr. Stathain's) 15th ift I. 10. 46. 18 B 5. 33. 54 2J. 14. 48 4. 4. 56 PM. 11. 12. 30 AM. 17 
 
 Vizagapatam 
 
 27- 59- 39 3- 6. 35 PM. 9. 50. c6 AM. 20 
 
 2=- 39- 39 3- 45- ?9 I'M. 10. 30. 17 AM. 
 iS. 45. 23 3. 56. 32 PM. 10. 41. 30 AM- 
 
 Ganiam 
 
 Dec.i6th 1 E. II. 35. 24 C 5. 33. 13 17. 41 
 
 18th 1 E. 6. 3. 39 D 5. 33. 32 
 
 20th 2 £. 8. 46, 02 E S» 33* 8 
 
 1787. 
 
 Jan. 8th i E. 11. 46. 51 F 5. 40. 29 19. 23 18. 29. 34 4. 5. 22 PM. la. 50. 8 AM. 
 
 Calcutta 
 
 at Chiriniree 
 
 Feb. ad 1 E. 6. 37. 59 G 5.53.42 22.33 
 
 9ih I E. 8. 33. 13 H 5. 53. 37 
 
 16th 1 E. 10. 29. 26 I 5. 53. 5a 
 
 35th I E. 6. 55. 22 K 5. 53. 59 
 
 -7C Sirius. 
 
 34. 49, 40 7. 5. 30 PM. 
 OFebr.io.AM. 
 
 12. 44. 17 7. 37. 18 AM. 
 Febr.17th.AM. 
 
 12. 04. 35 7. 52. 10 AM. 
 
 2i, 10. 19 4. 23. 23 PM. 
 
 1. 47. 26 PM. 
 
 2. 22. SAM. 
 
 2. 39. 54 AM. 
 11. 14. 16 AM. 
 
 24 
 
 Circiimftances under which the above Obfervations were made. 
 
 A Moomight, D rather near ^-j yet I think, to be truflcJ within 10'. B dark and clear, Planet high, bnt near OppoEtion. 
 
 C Very fatisfaiTtory Obfervation. D In the remains of Twilight, or would perfciflly have agreed with laft Obfervation. 
 
 E Perfetfl Obfervation. F Very fine Obfervation. G Very fine Obfervation, clear, dark, Planet high. H The fame. 
 
 I Clear and dark, but Planet low, or woild have correfponded with former Cghrs. K Moonlight, g rot far from Planet, 
 or would have been fccn 20'. fooncr. 
 
 Cursor 
 
 GEOGRAPIir 
 
 an.l 
 ^Jlronomkal Ob/crvatioHi. 
 
 34
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 44, 
 
 Cursory Remarks. 
 
 From Mafulipatam to Gollapollam, the road is perfedly good, 
 and unobftriided by any material PFater Courfes ; but between 
 the latter place and Maddcpollam, there are three Rivers, the firft 
 is a very broad one, and neither of them fordable, at any 
 Seafon of the Year. 
 
 At Gollapollam, is a pretty good Choultry, and there is a 
 private cne, about 6 Miles farther on, by the Sea-fide. The 
 Diftance from Ma/iilipalam to J!^Iaddepollam is eftimated at 21 
 Cofs. 
 
 Between MaJdepollam and Atnlepore, are t-x'o broad Rivers, 
 and two Creeks, all which muft be pafled in Boats. Between 
 Mahcmedarum and Cajfwporam, are two Rivers, a narrow ifh one, 
 and a broad one, neither fordable. 
 
 'Thefe Rivers, are different Branches of the Goudavery, which 
 difcharges itfelf into the Sea, between Maddepollam and Ingeram. 
 I muft not omit here what I had from the beft Authority, that 
 the largeft and finejl Teek Timber in India, is to be found in 
 great abundance among the Hills up this Country, from whence 
 it may be tranfported down the River at a fmall expence. The 
 only difficulty Teems to lye, in the cutting it down, as it crows 
 in immenfe Fore/Is, where the air is faid to be fo putrid and 
 peftilential, as to awe the neighbouring people, from fully 
 profiting by a circumftance, that might, otherwife, prove a 
 G R J P H r fo^^'^^ of ^^^ greateft advantage to them. 
 
 The Country between Maddepollam and Mahcmedarum is the 
 rmical Ohfa-vations. fineft of any 1 have yet feen on the Ccajl. The Soil is a rich 
 
 dark 
 2S
 
 441 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 dark coloured Clay, which from its being fo well -joalered. by 
 the Rivers, before mentioned, produces a Verdure that is very 
 agreeable to the Eye, and a fertility fcarce any where elfe to be 
 met with. 
 
 Between Cajfwporam and Jagganaickpcram, are three Rivers; 
 all which muft be pafled in Boats, or on Ra/ts; and at 
 Jagganaickporam, is another of the fame Defcription. The larger 
 branches of thefe Rivers are navigable from the Sea up the 
 Country, many Miles for fmall Vcflels. 
 
 Jagganaickporam, is a Dutch Settlement, where there is a 
 Chief, and about half a dozen European Families : The Dutch 
 Company's Warehovfcs, were deftroyed, at the commencement 
 of the late War with Holland, by order of Government. 
 
 From Jagganaickporam all the way to Pentacottah, tliere are no 
 Rivers, except one fordable inlet, juft beyond Upparah, and 
 another near Pentacottab. The Road between thefe places is 
 moftly on the beach of the Sea, which in feveral places is rocky. 
 At Pentacottah, the Hills approach the Sea, for the firft time 
 from the Southward. 
 
 From Pentacottah to Wattara, the road is on the Sea-beach ; 
 five miles from Pentacottah is a fordable inlet ; and, juft before 
 you arrive at Wattara, you crofs the Harbour in a Boat. 
 
 Wattara is a fmall Village, furrounded with Hills that projeifl 
 
 into the Sea, and between which there is a fafe Harbour for 
 
 GeOGRAPHT j-.^^ii rejfcls. Its entrance may be known by a roc^y Hill clofe 
 
 ^"'^ by, to the Southwaid of it, on the Summit of iikich, llands a 
 
 jjlronomicd Ohfcrvathn.. ^^^^^ Pagoda. On the North llde is a fandy Beach, projecting 
 
 36 from
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. |43 
 
 from the bafe of mother Hill, which riles about half a mile 
 from the former, and at the foot of the Nortkernr,ioJl Hill is 
 fituated the Fillage. 
 
 Veflels, of between 200 and 300 Tons burthen, are built here, 
 and launched into the Harbour, which reaches four or five miles 
 up the Country. 
 
 The firft part of the Road to Semp-^rapilke, is rough and 
 fandy, and the whole is over horizontal ground, between 
 detached Hills, fmall portions only of the adjacent lands feem 
 cultivated : The Country wears much the fame face all the 
 way to Vizagapatam. 
 
 Before you enter Fizagapatam, you crofs the Harbour, which 
 is capable of admitting Veflels of 300 or 400 Tons burthen. 
 Its entrance is better known than I have, at prefent, the means 
 of defcribing it. 
 
 The Foriifications at Vizagapatam Cfor they do not amount to 
 a Fort) are, at prefent, in fo bad a ftate, as to be untenable, 
 unlefs defended by a force fuperior to that of an Enemy who 
 might attack them. They are alfo but badly fituated, being 
 commanded by one or two of the neighbouring Hills. 
 
 From Vizagapatam to Cbicacok, tlie Country is pleafant, and 
 pretty well cultivated. Between Bimlipatam and Cotiara, we 
 forded three {■Fitters, and between Cottapollam and Chicacole, 
 G R A P H T ftveral Channels, worn by the rains from the Hills, that in 
 the wet feafon mud: be difficult to pafs ; we alio forded a broad 
 River, juft before we reached Chicacole. 
 
 and 
 •ical OhfervatioHS 
 
 37 
 
 Z At
 
 444 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 At Calingpatam, about five Cofs beyond Chicacole, Vcffels, 
 of confiderable burthen, are built and repaired. Here too is a 
 River, wliich we however were juft able to ford ; and a little 
 beyond it another, though neither deep nor broad ; and 
 afterwards a deepifh Chanad. There is a great deal of Jungle 
 (wild Trees and Shrubs) between this Place and Poondy, and 
 at intervals many fields of grain, Junelo and Paddy. The Hills 
 hereabouts range within ten or twelve Miles of the Sea-Coaji, 
 and feme of them (thofe farthefl: back) are very high, lofing 
 their fummits in the Clouds. 
 
 At Pcondy is a River, which admits Veflels of a fmall 
 draught of Water. 
 
 A little to the Southward of Biira-wa, there is a River, 
 fordable at times, wheie fmall Veffcls enter, and others are 
 built. 
 
 The Road, between Poondy and Burazia, lyes on the beach of 
 the Sea, a great part of which, though fandy, is Jlrewed with 
 vajl fanes, which would make landing in a Boat hazardous, 
 iinlels conduded by feme pcifcn v. ell acquainted with the Coajl ; 
 The bcfl rule for a Riangcr, would be, to obferve where the 
 Fiping Boats are hauled up, for they lye at the cleareft place, 
 and attempt a landing near them. 
 
 The Country is very rich and beautiful, between Buraria and 
 
 Ischapour ; Corn land and Pafiurage interfperfcd with Villages 
 
 (-^ rp n r K 4 P H T ^"^^ Farms, a mofl agreeable variety : .The Country approaching 
 
 Ganjam, bc'in^ fandy, is not fo pleafant. 
 
 ytfironomical Ohfcrvathm. 
 
 -,8 
 
 From
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 445 
 
 From Gar.jam to Metacooa, about 30 Miles, the road is Jbnily 
 and bad, being along the Ba7ik, that feparates the Chilca Lake 
 from the Sea. At Metacoon is a very good Choultry, a welcome 
 retreat in this dreary Wafte, where there is plenty oifrcjh u-a.'er. 
 Juft before you get to Mankkpatam, about ten miles farther, 
 you crofs, in a Boat, the arm of zvater that communicates the 
 Lake with the Sea. There is a good Choultry, on the S? fide 
 of this Channel, oppofite Mankkpatam. 
 
 At Mankkpatam is a fmall Mz<i/ J&r/, with round Baftions ; 
 The Banks of the Lake are here pretty high. 
 
 The road, almoft the whole way to Jaggernaut, is over 
 a fandy defart ; at no time far from the Sea. Between 
 Maaickpatam and Jaggeniaitt, not quite half way, we forded a 
 water. 
 
 The Gentoo language, fpoken in the Northern Circivrs, is loft 
 on this fide Ganjam. 
 
 From Jaggernaut to Aumutpour, the face of the Country is 
 very pleafant, and well cultivated, fhaded with a variety of 
 Trees, while the Villages look neat and well peopled ; at 
 Aumutpour there is an enclofed §luadr angular Choultry, with a 
 Court Tard, which is fhut up at Night, to fecure Travellers 
 G R A P H r from the Tygers, which they told me infeft this Place very 
 much : In coming from Jaggernaut to this Village, we palfcd 
 over a Bridge, and croffed the bed of a River. 
 
 and 
 kal Obfcrvathr.i. 
 
 •^9 From
 
 446 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 From hence to Peepley, the Road lyes partly through a 
 thick and clofe Jungle, but more of it over a well Cultivated 
 Country, abounding in Villages : Some H:lls now appear in 
 the NW, which are the firft I have feen, fince I loft light of 
 thofe in the neighbourhood of Rhtimbah. 
 
 From Peepley to BalUntaJ]:>, you pafs through a great deal of 
 Jungle, and the Road lyes very much over a rough uneven 
 Country. Two water courfes are alfo in the way, but both 
 fordable in the fair Seafon. 
 
 From Ballintajh to Cattac, a good and fmooth road ; juft 
 upon entering Cattac, you ford the River, provided it be the 
 dry feafon, which muft be very broad, and troublefome to pafs, 
 in the rainy -weather. 
 
 Cattac, is large and populous, and, for a black Town, 
 rcfpeftable enough : The Bazars feem well fupplied, and the 
 buildings tolerably good : The Nabob of the Country refides 
 here, and the City is decorated with feveral Afofques and 
 Pagodas : Hills are feen to the Northward and Weflward of 
 Cattac: 
 
 About two Miles Northerly of Cattac, is a broad and deep 
 
 River, probably an Arni of that which runs to the Southward 
 
 of the To7VU. As you advance towards Luckenipoiir, you 
 
 approach to within a Mile of the SE extremity of a Chain of 
 
 jflronomical obfei-vations. HjUs^ and from hence to Arniikpore, great part of the Road is 
 
 near 
 40 
 
 GEOGRAPHi' 
 
 and
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 447 
 
 near the Eaftern Bank of a River. A great deal of good arable 
 land in this vicinity. 
 
 Between Arrackpore and Burivah, are three Rivers, and two 
 Nu/las (narrow water channels) over one of which is a Bridge. 
 A Bridge of njingular form, ornamented with four fm all Cupolas, 
 and by no means devoid of tafte, is to be feen not far from 
 Burwah. 
 
 The air of this Country is much colder in winter, than that 
 of the Carnatic. This morning (Jan. 18) at Sunrife my 
 Thermometer (a very good one on Farenheit's Scale) fell as 
 low as 52 degrees. Out of the Sun however, at two o'Clock 
 in the Afternoon it was up to 84 1- 
 
 We crofled (forded) four Rivers, between Burwah and 
 Damnalgur. Jargepour, a large and populous Village, we 
 paired through on our way thither. Between Jargepour and 
 Damnalgur, the Road is over a wild Jungley Country, the 
 ground, the moft irregular and rough poffible. 
 
 We pafled by feveral Plantations of Tobacco, and of a tall 
 Jlender Plant, from which lamp-oil is extrafted ; on this fide 
 Cattac, in the fields a variety of Grains were growing, Grams 
 
 and 
 
 calOhfiwations, ^''^"^ Damnalgur to Buddrick, the road is very rough, 
 
 being on a fliff clay, hardened by the Sun. This Country 
 
 ''" 6 A „,,ft
 
 448 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 mufl: be very difficult to pafs in wet weather, as well from 
 the irregularity of the ground, which forms innumerable 
 cavities for water to lodge in, as from the nature of the foil, 
 which mufl: then occafion a flippery footing ; not to mention 
 the many Rivers and Creeks to pafs. Between the laft 
 mentioned Places there are two deep Nullahs, and a River, to 
 crofs, one of the Nullahs, however, has a little bridge over 
 it. 
 
 From Buddrick to Surror.g, the Country is partly in a fl:atc 
 of Nature, and part cultivated. You pafs two Bridges over 
 wacer-courfes, before you get to Surroiig, which is a large and 
 populous Village ; The Soil of the Country here abouts, is 
 a whitilh Clay, of a chalky appearance : About three miles 
 Northerly of Surrong, the Hills, which are high, approach to 
 within about two Miles of the Road. Bigouiah is a fmall 
 Village in a Jungle. 
 
 From hence to Balajore, the Road is very uneven, and the 
 Country, till near that place, but indifferendy cultivated ; 
 There are three Nullahs to crofs on this fide Surrong, all 
 fordable. 
 
 The Cattac Country, in general, has a pleafant and fertile 
 
 appearance ; It is well watered, and the foil, as far as I have 
 
 feen of it, is every where good, moflly a rich clay: The Land 
 
 EOGRATIli jj^ many places, is very well cultivated, but might be fl.ill 
 
 ^"•^ . greatly improved, as every part of it fcems capable of 
 
 JJironomkal Ohfervatiom. producing fomething beneficial. The Villages are but thinly 
 
 fcattered 
 42
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 449 
 
 > 
 
 fcattered, except in one or two places, and the people fecm 
 poor and dirty. Grain is very cheap here, my fervants told 
 me, they bought for one Pice, zSeer of x.\\c fincji Rice, which 
 at MaJrnfs, would coft two fanams, or eight times as much. 
 A fecond fort (very good) they got a Seer and a half, for a 
 fingle Pice. Cowries pafs current in this Country, 100 to 
 the Pice. 
 
 Incredible numbers of 5^rtfj^^?5, a fort of religious Mendicants, 
 are continually paffing and repafiing this Diftricl, to and from 
 Jaggeryiaut Pagoda ; and it is not unufual to fee feveral of 
 thefe poor wretches, lying dead, in the Roads, through the 
 preflure of hunger and fatigue; for many of them travel 
 hither, on foot, from the remoteft parts of Hindojlan, truftino- 
 folely to Providence for fubfiftance in their Pilgrimao-e : The 
 Revemies, of this famous Pagoda, mud be very confiderable, 
 for the Bramins there, take money from all who vifit it. 
 
 Travellers frequently meet with obftrudions in paffing through 
 the Cat'ac Country, at the Chokeys, or Offices, eftablifhed, at 
 different Places, for the purpofe of levying a toll on all Paffengers : 
 Europeans however who have proper Pafes, are fuppofed to be 
 exempt from this impofition ; and yet, even though you 
 (hew them their Nalwb's Pafs, the People at thefe Chokeys 
 are very importunate for money, thinking perhaps by their 
 numbers and appearance (for they are all armed) to awe you 
 G RA P HT into compliance: The only proper conduft towards them, is 
 and a cool, uniform, and refolute refufal. 
 
 lical Obfervations. 
 
 43 
 
 After
 
 450 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 After croffing Bahfore River (in which there is a con- 
 fiderable rife and fall in the tide) you traverfe Paddy Fields, 
 for fome diftance, and afterwards make your way through 
 Jungles, and wildejl Scenes, oi uncultivated Nature, almoft any 
 where to be met with ; Here and there, however, a draggling 
 Village is to be feen ; Befides Balafore River, there are 
 four Nullahs, and a River, to crofs, all fordable in the dry 
 feafon, before you come to Jellefore River : Jelkfore is the 
 Englifli frontier Town, and from thence to Calcutta^ the 
 Country is fo well known, as to render any account, in my 
 power to give of it, needlefs and unimportant. 
 
 M. Topping. 
 
 Some 
 
 Geographt 
 
 and 
 AJironomical Obfervatlonu 
 
 4+
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 451 
 
 Some further Account of the Cultivation of Pkpper 
 
 in the Circars. 
 
 Having received, from Dr. Roxburgh, further information 
 concerning his affiduous efforts in the Publick Service; I 
 think it incumbent to make fome addition to the Recital 
 given at the beginning of this Work : and in the firfl: Place, I 
 muft take notice, that the Report of the Cowmittee of Cirndt, 
 referred to in the Note P. z, was, I am poffitively affured, made 
 on the information of Dr. Roxburgh., to the Committee 
 oi Circuit; "that Pepper was the produce of Rampah •" fo 
 that the Report of The Committee, obvioufly referred to, by 
 way of depreciating Dr. Roxburgh, in fad redounds to his 
 credit. 
 
 Here follows Dr. Roxburgh's additional information. 
 
 " In 1787 when the rains fet in, which was with the dreadful 
 Storm and Inundation, on the 20th May, very few of the 
 Pepper Plants, procured in the former year, were alive, and the 
 Storm deflroyed almoft the whole of the few that were alive 
 when it came on. 
 
 *' This year, in July, I got two Hill People engaged to procure 
 me fupplies of Flants from the Hills ; which they did : The 
 Slips were always fickly when they arrived, having been fome 
 days, out of the Ground, on the road ; they were therefore 
 planted in Nurfcries ; under the fhade of Jack or Alango Trees; 
 the fliade of thefe Trees I found moft favourable, and where 
 they throve well ; The Shoots were carefully laid down, as 
 foon as they were of fufficient length, and covered with earth 
 LLANEOUS. at the joints, by which meanr, every Joint fent down roots, and 
 up one, or more, Jl:oots, each of v/hich fcems fuiTicient for a 
 37 6 B Plant.
 
 452 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Plant. The profperous State of my Nurferies induced me to 
 apply for more ground, which I did by letter to the Board of 
 Mafidipatam, dated 13th September; this was complied with : 
 I therefore began, towards the end of the year, to plant Moochy 
 fVood branches, for Prop Trees, in a piece of ground, under the 
 Village of Mallam, which had been in grafs for fometime ; 
 this Piece, when planted out, contained 2350 Prop Trees, at 8 
 feet afundcr ; half is a good mixed foil ; the other half a very 
 poor flifF clayey foil ; the whole of this is too high to be 
 flooded by rain ; but fo low, as to be watered from the 
 River, when high, by fimply letting in the water ; the River 
 and 'water-coitrfcs, being confined between their banks, rife 
 above the level of mod of this part of the Country, through 
 which they pafs. 
 
 " ifl; December I began another Plantation on a piece of 
 poor redifli fandy land, under the Village of Mangatoor, in the 
 Zonindary of Peddapore ; this piece of ground is too high to 
 be watered from the River, without the labour of raifing the 
 iialer, of courfc fit only for the culture of Jmall grain ; 
 jNatchenee was the crop laft cut down : This Piece, when 
 planted out, contained 1810 Prop Trees, at 9 feet afundcr. The 
 two laft Plantations have the Prop Trees planted in quincunx 
 order, which faves much ground. 
 
 " In 1788, about the end of April, the Plantations o{ Mallam 
 
 and Mangatoor were compleated with prop Trees, feme Guava, 
 
 Orange, and Cvflard Jpple Plants, were alfo planted amohgft 
 
 the Mcvchv Branches, for a trial as prop Trees ; I found much 
 
 difficulty in procuring a fufficiency of Moochy Cuttings ; and 
 
 Mt rpr r ANFnrs therefore applied to the Board of Mafidipatam, to order the 
 
 ZcTnirJars to fupply me with igoo, which the Board did, but 
 
 38 their
 
 ORIEMTAL REPERTORY. 453 
 
 their order was of little efFcA ; this fcarcity of branches hinders 
 the work much. 
 
 *' The two Plantations, when compleated, contained 4160 Prop 
 Trees viz. In Mallam Garden 2350 
 Manga toor 18 10 
 
 4160 
 but, unfortunately, thofe planted in the poor ftiff clayey part 06 
 
 Mallam Garden do not thrive. 
 
 *' In May the Rains began, and after they feemed fettled, 
 the weather cool and the ground moifliened, began to tranfplant 
 the vines from the Nurferies to the Prop Trees; tivo vines to 
 each ; and by the end of September the whole was compleated, 
 and had ftill remaining a great many plants ; In July I faw 
 there would be at lead 10,000 more than could be wanted for 
 the Plantations, already planted with prop Trees : and then 
 applied to Government, to kaow what I was to do with them: 
 in confequence in September I got pofTefrion of an additional 
 piece of Ground, adjoining to the Plantation formed at 
 Mangatoor, the end of the laft and beginning of this year, and 
 in every refped fimilar to it : This Year's Crop was either 
 gathered in, or not injured, by the work going^ on to form 
 this new Tlantation. 
 
 " Towards the end of the year, I got pofleffion of two pieces 
 of ground in the Zemindary of Pettapore, under the Fillage of 
 Iru-acia; and one piece of high ground clofe to the Fort of 
 Samulcotah ; now planting with Moochy branches, for Prop 
 Trees, as faft as they can be had, which is difficult and 
 •ELLANEOUS. expenfive, as they muft now be brought from 15 to 20 
 
 miles i 
 39
 
 454 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 miles ; all nearer, have already been cut down, for the other 
 Plantations. 
 
 " I found the poor half of the Mallam. Garden in fo bad a 
 ftate, that I gave up as much of it as contained 1350 Frop-trees ; 
 they had moftly died during the rains ; which were long and 
 violent; fo that Plantation contained only 1000: a great 
 many of the Pepper Plants had alfo periftied, from the violence 
 of the rains ; I may fay one third of the whole ; they 
 rotted before they had time to take root ; fo very replete 
 with water, was every part : During the year, 69^ Inches 
 of Rain fell, by my rain-gauge, which is more by feveral Inches 
 than I ever knew fall in one year before. 
 
 " As foon as the rains were over, and the ground a little 
 drained; I replaced from the Nurferies thofe vines that had 
 perifhcd during the i-ains: but the Seafon being late, moft of 
 them periflied : from July 'till the end of Auguft is the proper 
 time for tranfplanting ; if later, they do not acquire fufficient 
 ftrength, to refill the enfuing hot feafon. 
 
 *' 1789, In January I left Samidcotah, to go to the Southward 
 by Sea for the benefit of my health, which had fuffered much 
 . from Sicknefs. The Plantations were left under the care of 
 my own Head-Gardener, an European Invalid, two Peons, 
 and a Conycoply, with Orders to compleat the new Plantations, 
 with Prep-Trees, as faft as pofllble, and to take care to keep 
 the Young Vines clean and moift. 
 
 " On my return to Samulcotah, in June following, I found moft 
 Miscellaneous, part of the lall mentioned two Plantations, under the Village of 
 
 Irzvada, 
 40
 
 ORIEK^f^A'L 'REPERTORY. 455 
 
 Irwada, and the other, near Samulcotah, compleated with Prop- 
 Trees : thefe, with the additional Plantation, under the Village 
 of Mangatoor, form by far the mod extenfive part pf 'the 
 work ; and unfortunately the Soil of the two firft, and laft, of 
 thefe does not prove fo favourable for this Culture, as the dark 
 rich foil of 7l<f(«//^»2 Plantation, which, as before obfcrved, is but 
 fmall, containing only 1000 ?r op-Trees, or 2000 Vines. 
 
 " In July, when the rains had fet in fairly, the earth well 
 moiftened, and the Air cooled, I began tranfplanting out the 
 Toung Vines, from their Nurferies, to the forementioned 
 Plantations ; by the end of the Year the whole was compleated. 
 The additional Plantation, under the Village of Mangatoor, 
 contained 5390 Prop-Trees, the two under the Village of 
 Irwada 9810, and that of Samulcotah 46S0; two Vines were 
 always planted to each Prop-Tree, not becaufe I thought one 
 would not be fufficient, when grown up, to occupy fully the 
 whole Prop-Tree, but becaufe they are fubject to perifh, and it 
 is eafier taking away than adding, 
 
 " On the iftofMay, 1790, reprefented to the Board, that 
 many of the Vines had perifhed on the bad Soil, on account of 
 the Soil itfelf, as well as the long continuance of dry weather; 
 and, on June 16th, having received liberty from Government, 
 rejeifled mod of the Plantation between Irwa and Irzvada, the 
 Soil a poor redifh binding fand and clay, this foil I find the 
 moft unfavourable for the Pepper Vine, and unfortunately a 
 large proportion were fuch, this is a work I was obliged now 
 to learn from experience, of courfe the more fubjeft to error ; 
 the part turned out contained 3600 Prop-Trees, which occupied 
 four Viffums of Land (which I had valued at 5 Pagodas ^ 
 ELLANEous. Viflum) It was at the clofe of lad Year, after the Crop was cut 
 
 6 C and 
 
 41
 
 4j6 ORIENTAL REPERTOPvY. 
 
 and carried away, that I got pofleflion of that ground ; fo 
 
 then, only one Year's Rent can be due for it, as it was reftored, 
 
 to the Zemindar, fome weeks before the ufual period of 
 Cultivation begins up here. 
 
 ** In November, I alforejcfled, from the Samukotah Fhnta.tion; 
 as much of the worft of it, as contained 1680 Prop Trees, which 
 occupied about 1 5- Viffiims, and was alfo valued at 5 IP' Vifllim, 
 alfo about two thirds, fay 1 Vifluni 16^ Countas, of the bad 
 implanted part of the fame Plantation, which I had valued 
 at 2 Pagodas f^ VifTum, I got poflelTion of thefe, at the 
 end of 1788, after that Year's crop had been cut, fo that the 
 Zemindar lofes the ufe of this land for near two Years. 
 
 *' December 1790, This Year has been remarkably dry and 
 hot ; The whole of the rain, that fell during the Seafon, being 
 only 16^ Inches, whereas there ufually falls from 55 to 70 
 Inches in the 12 Months, in thefe parts of the Circars ; 
 nptwithftanding, mod of the Pepper Fines have continued to 
 thrive pretty well ; fome upon the highcft and mod barren 
 fpots have peridied, perhaps a fixth part of the whole. The 
 foil they thrive bed in, is a rich Loam, however they do 
 pretty well in moft foils, the forementioned barren binding red 
 Clay and Sand excepted. 
 
 " About the end of laft, and beginning of this Year formed 
 another Plantation, to make up for thofe rejetted on account 
 of their foil, in a Mango Garden near Sanmlcotah, which 
 never yielded the Zemindar any revenue, being, fince the 
 Circars were fubjeft to the Company, the perquifite of the 
 Miscellaneous. Commanding Officer oi Samukotah. 
 
 42 
 
 About
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 457 
 
 •' About the clofe of this Year, I obferved a difference in the 
 fize and appearance of the Aments (Catkis) of different fl?ies 
 now in Flower, upon examination with a Lens, the one proved 
 to be Male, or bearing Ma/e Flowers, and the other Female, 
 the Ma/e Calkins, as might be expedted, fell foon after the 
 Flowers had difcharged their duft, the Female Catkins, of the 
 eldefl Vines, now began to ftand abundantly, which gave me 
 hopes of a fpeedy crop of Pepper. 
 
 " On making the above difcovery, I was, as may be well' 
 imagined, much aftoniflied to find that hitherto this valuable 
 Fi?te, had been fo very ill-defcribed, or rather its Botanic 
 Hiftory fo little known, a Defcription and Drawing of each, 
 (the Afale and Female) were made out, and fent home to the 
 Court of Direftors, through the Governor in Council of Fort 
 5/. George. 
 
 " This difcovery gives me room to hope, that I (hall now 
 fucceed better in the Culture, than formerly, by planting to 
 each Prop-Tree, one Male and one Female Vine ; on the South 
 fide, from whence the moft prevailing wind blows, the Male 
 Vine I conceive muft be put, and the Female on the North 
 fide; The Arabians, from time immemorial, knew it was 
 neceffary to promote the aftion of the Male Date Tree, on the 
 Female, to render the latter prolific ; which they do, if the 
 Trees ftand at a diftance, by carr}'ing a branch of the Male 
 when in Flowers, and fufpending it over the Female Tree, 
 while its bloffoms are open, hence it was the practice of an 
 Enemy, in time of war, in thofe parts where the Date is 
 cultivated, to cut down all the Male Trees, which effectually 
 prevents the Female Palms from bearing, a famine was often' 
 ILLANEOUS. j.jjg confequence. The Cultivators of the Fig (although 
 
 irioecious, 
 43
 
 458 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 trioecious, Male on one, Female on another, and Hermaphrodite 
 on a third) in the Archipelago, are obliged to follow the fame 
 prafticc, to cnfure a good crop. Other fimilar fads might be 
 brought to further corroborate what I have related, but thefe, 
 I imagine muft be fully fufficicnt. 
 
 " April 1 79 1, The ufual time of the Pepper ripening, up 
 amongfl the Hills, is March, and this prefent Month: Yet 
 although 1 have, chielly in one of the Plantations, a number of 
 Fines very compleatly loaded, with remarkable large bunches of 
 Pepper, which is full grown, yet none of it ripens properly, 
 but drops immature ; this circumftance furprifed me much, 
 and made me more inquifuive than ever, to difcover the caufe 
 of what feems to me fo extraordinary a circumftance, at laft I 
 found two or three Fines, which bore a third fort of Aments, 
 viz. with Hermaphrodite Flowers or with Hermaphrodite and 
 Female mixed; and, amongft thefe, found a few bunches of good 
 red ripe Pepper ; in no other refpeft could the Fines be 
 diftinguifhed from one another ; I now conclude, that this Plant 
 is of the Clafs Polygatnica, and order Trioecia, according to the 
 Linnaan (Sexual) Syjlem of Botany, and forms, fo far as we 
 yet know, only a third inftance of Trioecious Polygamy. The 
 Fig, and Carob, or St. John's Bread Tree, arc the other two. 
 It now feems, that it is this Hermaphrodite Tree, that yields the 
 beft Pepper, and I fufpeft the only one cultivated. Yet it is 
 probable, and analogy feems to confirm, that the Pepper of the 
 Female Fine, will alfo be good, under particular circumftances. 
 
 *' The fort of Fig, cultivated in the Archipelago, is Female, or 
 
 bears only Female Flowers, fo is the fort found in our Gardens 
 
 MrsCELLANEOUS. ^^^'"^ ^" ^"'^'^' at leaft all mine are fo ; and, though the Fruit 
 
 often comes, feemingly, to maturity (are fmall and taftelefs 
 
 44 compared
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 459 
 
 compared to Figs in the Levant) Yet the feeds never ripen, for 
 want of the Second Tree, called Caprificus, Male, or wiU Fig 
 Tree; The fort cultivated in England, has Hermaphrodite 
 Flrwers, or Male and Female within the fame Fruit, which 
 conftitutes the third Tree, to compleat this Genus ; here, on 
 this Coaft, I never could difcover a fingle Male, or Hermaphrodite 
 Flower in all the Figs I have examined, and they are many; 
 We may therefore conclude, that our fort, here in Ifidta, has been 
 brought from the IVejiern parts of Ajia, and that they were 
 originally from the very domeftic fort, cultivated in the Greek 
 IJlands ; could we procure the Male Tree, I doubt not but 
 this moft delicate Fruit, might be cultivated to as much 
 advantage, on many Parts of this Coaft, as they are in the 
 Archipelago ; There, the Male branches, at a particular period, 
 are carefully hung, by the Cultivators, upon the Female or 
 common Fig, Infedls making their efcape from the firft, traverfe 
 or enter the latter, by which the Pollen, or Male duft, is 
 carried, by the Infefts, to the Female, or domeftic fort, which 
 without it, would drop, or produce a poor fort of Fruit ; But 
 this account is not fo perfeflly philofophical ; the operation 
 may be better accounted for, by faying, there is a natural 
 opening at the top of the Male Fig, which becomes the under 
 part when the branch is fufpended, the farina falls naturally 
 from thence upon the young Female Fruit •, This is what the 
 Antients termed Caprification, and is found accurately 
 defcribed by Theophraftus, Pliny, &c. and fince confirmed, in 
 every particular, by Tournefort, Pontidera, and others. 
 
 " In confequence of the above, feemingly unfortunate and 
 
 unexpefted, difcovery, I have fent out feveral people, amongft 
 
 the Mountains, to procure me Plants of this laft fort, of which 
 
 ELL AN ROUS. 6 D I had 
 
 45
 
 46o ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 I had but few ; but to procure fuch large fupplies as I could 
 wifh, will require time, as the Hill People do not like to part 
 with this fort, however, I doubt not but perfeverance will foon 
 effeft it, for I have already got a confiderable number * in 
 addition to what I had. 
 
 " It is now evident, that the Natives of thefe Mountains, that 
 fupplied me with Plants, in 1787 and 1788, were more cunning 
 than I was aware of, for they muft have known perfedlly, that 
 (the Male) the fort they chiefly gave mc, were of no ufe, at 
 leaft when by themfelves, and that even the Female was not 
 fo good as this laft difcovered ; (the Hermaphrodite) 
 confequently made the moft, of what was the leaft ufe to 
 themfelves ; this fraud I could not poflibly deteft, 'till the 
 Fines floivered, for all the ivild Fines that I had feen in 
 foiver, were of the beft fort, and the very Hill People, that 
 brought me the Plants, alfo at times brought mc fmall 
 branches of the beft fort in Flower and in Fruit, many of thefe 
 branches I have now by me preferved ; of courfe I could not 
 poflibly fufpcdt, what has happened, for in every refped, the three 
 forts arc exaiSlly alike, the parts of frudification excepted, and I 
 never met with any defcription of this Vine, that could lead me 
 to think that it was improperly clafled by Liiinaus ; he, and 
 thofe who have attempted a defcription, had only met with 
 this lajl fort, which, is alfo erroneoufly reprefented, for there 
 are many Female Fhzvers mixed on the fame Jmente with 
 the Hermaphrodite, the circumftance has been exceeding 
 unfortunate, in having retarded, fo much, a fpecies of culture 
 which promifed, and ftill promifes much. It has led to what 
 
 I think 
 
 Miscellaneous. » g^^g thoufan^s in a flourifliing date, viz. at the end of June, two 
 
 months after the annexed Account was wrote. W. R. 
 46
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 461 
 
 I think a pretty compleat Defcription of the Black Pepper Fines ; 
 this is fome fmall Satisfadlion to me, and will be to every 
 Botanift ; Yet I fear not fo much fo to the Company, for the 
 Money that has been laid out in the undertaking, however I 
 have now more reafon than ever to believe this culture will 
 fucceed exceeding well hereabouts, from the great luxuriance 
 of the Male and Female Fines, I have every reafon to think 
 the third fort will thrive equally well, but as I have already 
 obferved, it will require fomc time, to procure a fufficient 
 number of them to compleat all the Platitations. 
 
 *' The Prop "Trees are now of a large fize, and fhade well the 
 new Fines, which will forward their growth much ; The 
 expence will be lefs monthly, than it has been thefe two Years 
 paft: I will therefore take the liberty to recommend a 
 continuance of the Prefent Plantations, or at Icaft the bed of 
 them, for the foil of fome is but very poor, in which neitlter 
 the Fines nor Prop Trees thrive, thefe I would recommend to 
 have rejeded, and when more of the bed Fines is procured, 
 than is wanted to compleat the bcft of the Plantations, more, 
 if Government conceive it neceflary, can be begun in a better 
 Soil. 
 
 " The Plantations contain befides the Pepper Fi.'.es, feveral 
 young Coffee Trees, and Plants, fome very fine Cejlan 
 Cinnamon Plants, fome young Bread - Fruit Trees, fome 
 thoufands ^appan Wood young Trees and Plants, a great 
 number young Trees of Annota, and fome thoufand Mulberry 
 Trees ; For as early as the latter part of Lord Macartney s 
 Government, 1 recommended to his Lordfliip, the introduction 
 of the Silk Worm up in the Ciican, where the Seafons are 
 ELLANEOUS. reckoned 
 
 47
 
 46a ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 reckoned more favourable, than even in Bengal, in confequence 
 I then began to cultivate the Mulberry Tree, which, with 
 little, or no trouble, I have done to a confiderable extent. The 
 Pepper Fine I tried to train up to the Mulberry Tree, but my 
 Experiments do not yet promife fuccefs, as the (hade of that 
 Tree, feems to them unfavourable ; it is not fo with the 
 Sappan Wood Tree, fo by having Sappan IVcod Prop Trees, 
 a double portion of gain may be expeded, as the Colouring 
 part of this Tree will have acquired Size and quality by the 
 time the Pepper Vines have done bearing, and may then be 
 cut down, and fold for greatly more than the whole Rent of 
 the Land, during the time it has been occupied, probably 
 for nearly as much as the Pepper itfelf yielded, for this Wood 
 is always in great demand over India. 
 
 " Suppofe an Acre of Land to contain about 500 Prop, or 
 Sappan Wood Trees, its Rent for 20 Years, the ufual period 
 of the life of the Pepper Fine, at, fay even, the fum of three 
 Pagodas 1^ Annum, is 60 Pagodas; The Sappan Wood Trees 
 will have acquired, during that time, fize and colour fuperior 
 to what is generally to be found at Market : I will fay each 
 Tree (hall only yield 25 lbs of good Merchantable Wood, 
 which makes the whole equal to 25 Candy, I have before 
 obferved to the Honble Court of Diredlors, that this Wood 
 from Siani, and the Malay IJlands, fells on an average on this 
 Coaft at 60 Rupees, or 15 Pagodas ^ Candy, however I 
 will for the prefent value it, at only 10 Pagodas, equal to 250 
 Pagodas, which is more than four times the rent of the Land. 
 The whole Banks of the Elyferam River, on both fides, from 
 Pettapore, to where it comes out from amongfl the Mountains, 
 with its turnings, include a tra<5t of not lefs than 20 or 25 
 Miscellaneous. Miles 
 
 48
 
 ORIENTAL PvEPERTORY. 463 
 
 Miles, feems as if by Nature intended for the growth of the 
 Mulberry^ Teak, Sjppan Trees, Pepper-Vines, &c. vaUiable 
 vegetable produdions, and at prefent there is only here and 
 there a Btiflj of no value, I mean literally the Ba^ks of this 
 River and its Subdivifions, and no part of the Land beyond 
 them, thefe would in time produce a Revenue ; the Silk tv 'rm, 
 alone, would employ and maintain thoufands of poor helplefs 
 (larving Creatures, with which thefe Parts abound, their 
 mifery, during fuch times as the prefent, is beyond my powers 
 to defcribe, many having been driven to the laft refourcc, to 
 fupport a miferable life ; viz. Selling their Children ; even 
 the Pepper Plantations have already faved, during this and 
 laft Year, many a life, and many a poor Child from being fold 
 by their wretched Parents ; thefe are Objeds too melancholy 
 to dwell upon ; and what is more extraordinary, the Country, 
 abovementioned, is one of the moft beautiful, moft fertile, 
 beft cultivated, and beft watered Countries on the whole Coaft, 
 I may fay on the face of the Earth : I have been here 10 
 Years, and, during that period, this River, up where I mention, 
 has never been once dry; Its fonrce is faid to be from a 
 large Lake, far in amongfl the Mountains, which communicates 
 with the Godavery River, its having a conftant, and a large 
 run of water in it, during the longeft period of dry weather, 
 renders the above Account of its fource probable ; the 
 Pandaruin Caft are the only people that have ever, fo far as I 
 can learn, penetrated in that direftion, through this immenfe 
 Ciiain of unhealthy, unknown Mountains, and from them, the 
 above account of //J yo.vrff is taken. 
 
 6 E Cliarcre 
 
 'CELLANEOVS. 
 
 49
 
 464 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 *' Charges Total of the Pepper Plantations from the beginning 
 'till the end of May, 1791. 
 
 In ij8j 
 1788 
 1789 
 1790 
 1791 
 
 M.P'. F'. C\ 
 
 . izo. 16. 45 
 
 • ^55- II- 65 
 
 • 659. 20. 35 
 
 • 7^o- 4- 15 
 . 275. 52. 20 
 
 1930. 40. 20 
 
 Miscellaneous. 
 5^ 
 
 F'. C\ 
 
 " Sketch of the Rent of the Land, occupied by the Plantations, 
 from the beginning 'till the ifl January 1791. 
 
 M.P', 
 That of the firft Plantation, of 590 Prop Trees, is 
 
 about -I Viffum, and has been occupied during 
 
 the Years 1788, 89, and 90, at 5 M. P'- ^ 
 
 VifTum ...... 
 
 10. 
 
 That ofthe fecond Plantation, of 1000 Prop Trees, 
 is about i Vifflim, and has been occupied 
 during the Years 1788, 89 and 90, at 5 M. P^' 
 ^ Viflum 
 
 Firft Mattgatoor Plantation, of 18 10 Prop Trees, is 
 about 2 Vifllims, and has been occupied during 
 the Years 1788, 89, and 90, at 5 M. P^- 
 •f' Viflum 
 
 15. o. 
 
 30. 
 
 o. 
 
 S5' o- o 
 Second,
 
 'ELLANEOUS. 
 51 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 465 
 
 M.P'. F'. C\ 
 
 55' °' o 
 
 Second Mangatoor Plantation, of 5390 Prop Trees, 
 is about 5-,: Vifliitns, and has been occupied 
 during the Years 1789 and 90, at 5 M. P^' 
 ^ Viffum 52. 24. a 
 
 Irwada Plantation, of 6210 Prop Trees, is about 6^- 
 Viflums, and has been occupied during the 
 Years 1789 and 90, at 5 M. P'- ^ VifTum . 62. 24. o 
 
 D? D? of 3600 Pro/) Tr^w, is about 3-I- Viflums, 
 and has been occupied during the Year 1789 
 only (it being reftored then to the Zemindar) i S. 36. o 
 
 Samulcotah Plantation, of 46 So Prop Trees, and has 
 been occupied during the Years 1789 and 90, 
 at 28 M. Ps- 34 Fs' 1^ Annum * . . '51' 20- o 
 
 In this Calculation the Land is valued at 5 
 Mad. Pags. ^ VifTum, as in my Statement of the 
 Plantations, at the end of 1789, but, as I have 
 already obferved, that is too high, \ of the whole 
 may be fafely dedudted . . . . . 61. 26 o 
 
 Which leaves for the Rent of the Land, from 
 the beginning 'till the 1 ft of January 1 79 1 . . 184. 30. o 
 
 Ext.'-ail 
 
 ■" At the clofe of the Year ijgo, 3^ Viflums of the above Plantation were 
 lejeiled and reftored to the Zemindar. W. R.
 
 466 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Extrad of a Letter from Dr. Roxburgh of 6th. OAober, 1791 
 received 23d May 1797., ^ Deptford. 
 
 «' Thefe two remarkable hot dry fcafons, (the oldeft men 
 " here do not recollect ^he like) have been exceedingly 
 " unfavourable to my Pepper Plantations; yet they thrive 
 " better, than I could poffibly have expeded ; which convinces 
 " me it is a hardy Plant. I have been fo lucky as to procure 
 " a fjfficient number of Plants and Slips, of the beft fort, to 
 " compleat all my Plantations with that kind ; They are ftill 
 " in Nurferies on account of the great Drought. I mean to 
 " difperfe of the three forts of vines, throughout the Plantations, 
 " in fuch a manner as will, when they are all of them of the 
 " ufual age to be productive, determine whether or not the 
 " one fort has any influence on the other, as wiih the Piflacia, 
 " Date, Fig, 6cc. Trees. I conceive this is a point of much 
 " confequence ; as it may tend much to improve the culture 
 " of that Commodity, and throw fome light on the Sexual 
 " Syftem of Botany." 
 
 In a Letter dated 3d Augufl: 1791, received by the Phrenix 
 
 3d June 1792, Dr. Roxburgh fays, " I have lately found that 
 
 *' the Natives of the interior Mountainous parts of the Rajemundry 
 
 " Circar, rear a large, and, I believe, unknown fpecies of 
 
 *' the Silk -worm, which feeds on the leaves of Caffta auriculata ; 
 
 *' one of the Cacoons, and a branch of the Caffia, were brought 
 
 " me in, from thefe parts, only this day ; the Cacoon is oval, 
 
 " about tzvo inches long, and 07ie in diameter ; it contains a 
 
 " large quantity oi filver coloured ftlk, which is not unlike the 
 
 " fubflance Shawls are made of; the Eggs oi this fort 1 am 
 
 " promifed ; I fliall then be able to give you a defcription of 
 
 Miscellaneous. " It: and will try to rear them: The Natives of the fore- 
 
 " mentioned Mountains, I am told, manufacture a Species of 
 
 5* " [Cloth] with the Silk."
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 467 
 
 Route from Poonah to Ballisore, 
 As travelled by Lieutenant Colonel Upton, on his Return to Bengal, 
 
 in the Year 1777. 
 
 The Cities, Towns, Villages, Rivers, Nullah and Forts on the Road: 
 
 are marked C. T. V. R. N. F. with their 
 
 DiJIances from each other, in Miles, and the computed Courfe and 
 Dijlance of each Days March. 
 
 Miles. Remarks. 
 
 From Poonah From Poonah to Poorundtir, the road is 
 
 ToTl-ieFoo/ofthe-| very good, except in afcending the Hill of 
 
 Hill, of Bafdeu I g BifJeu Pafs, but no Carriages can go up 
 
 >^« Gaut, or Pufs J ^^. ^^^^ ^[^ij p^^-^^ Elephants, Camels, 
 
 Choukey at thel Bullocks, &c. can go with their loads, 
 top of the Hill. J 2 
 
 Poorundur, F. . 8 Gat Gaiit is to the Northward of this 
 ESE 1 8 Pafs, about 4 miles, but not fit for Carriages. 
 
 Bhoor Gaut about 8 miles to the Northwai-d of Gai 
 Gaitt, Carriages, cf all kinds, can crofs the Range of 
 Hills at this Pafs to San/ore, and PoorwtJur, though with 
 fome difiiculty. 
 
 From Poorundur, F. March 7th, 1777, Marched this Morning 
 
 1 o Saujore, T. . 3 from our Encampment near the Fort of 
 
 Kanouly, V. I r, . 
 
 ^ ' — i Poorundur. 
 
 Eaft 8 
 
 Croflcd the Kurra Nnddy, about a Mile Weft of San/ore, 
 there is not much Water in it now, but it runs very rapid 
 in the rains. 
 
 G E o G R A p II r. 6 F The 
 
 45
 
 468 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Town of Sanfore, which is pretty large, with fomc 
 good Hoiifes, is in the Jagheer of Bejaba Puiidil, After 
 paffing the Town, marched on the North Bank of the 
 above Nudily, to our Encampment, on a Plain to the 
 Weft of Kanouly, with the Kurra in our Front. The 
 road is very good. 
 
 From Kanouly Miles, Encamped on the North Bank of the Kurra 
 
 To Pandoufer, V. 12 Nuddy, with the Village of Pandoufer, in our 
 Eaft 1 2 Front, on the South Bank. The road good 
 and the Country very open. 
 
 From Pandoufer 
 To Soopa, 
 
 Encamped about half a Mile NE of Soopa, 
 T. ID a fmall compact Town, walled round. 
 E.'7^ 
 
 The Inhabitants moftly Mahoraetants. There 
 is rifing ground near our Tents, from which we had the 
 laft View of Poorundur Hill, &c. The Road very good. 
 
 From Soopa 
 
 To Koorumbeh, F. 
 
 Koorumbeh is a compaft Town, with a large 
 12 Building for the Worfliip of Behzcannee ; one 
 
 Eaft 1 2 of the great Hindoo Goddefles. The Country, 
 open, and indifferently cultivated ; It alfo 
 appears lower as we advance, came down two or three 
 Defcents in this March. The Papnajfey Nullah, in which 
 there is but little Water at prefenc, from Weft to Eaft, 
 clofe to the South fide of Koorumbeh^ 
 
 From Koorumbeh 
 
 T o Gar done, T. 7 
 Beema, R. \ 
 
 Peer Gauw, T. 7 
 Surfutty, R.5 
 
 ENE 16 
 
 Geography. 
 46 
 
 Immediately after paffing Koorumbeh, wc 
 afcended the Doonda Pafs, which is only a 
 rifing ground, but very ftony, and the road 
 indifferent, till we defcended this Eminence, 
 at the diftance of 4 miles; from thence the 
 road very good ; Gardone, a walled fmall 
 
 Town,
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 469 
 
 Town, (lands on the Weft Bank of the Bama River, in 
 whicli there i§ no more than a Foot and a half Water ac 
 prefent, but in the rains is rapid, and about -f- of a 
 mile broad. 
 
 Peer Gaiiw is a confiderable Town, with a large ftone- 
 Fort, on which there appeared but one Gun mounted. 
 The Town and Fort greatly on the decay. 
 
 The Beema and Surfutty Rivers join clofe to the South 
 Eaft of Peer Gauiv, and forms the Point on which the 
 Town and Fort ftands. 
 
 The Courfe of the Beema is from Weft to Eaft, and 
 the Surfutty from North to South, 'till it empties itfelf inta 
 the Beema. 
 
 From Peer Gauiv Miles. 
 
 1 Kundur, JN . 
 
 I 
 
 Tajea, Y. 
 Luhburra, N . ■ 
 
 5 
 
 Bhortid Gaiiw 
 
 2 
 
 Alfoudy, V. 
 Nahany, N. 
 Raijin, V. 
 
 EbS' 
 
 4 
 
 I 
 
 14 
 
 From Rafin 
 
 To Chiloudy, V. 
 Koufutty, V. 
 Moorude, V. 
 
 4 
 3 
 5 
 
 12 
 
 This Town is in the Jagheer of Alakadajee- 
 Si/idia, the Mahratta Chief of Eugune ; the 
 Country very open, and indifferently cultivated, 
 no Hills in fight, and no Trees to be feen, 
 except a few at this place. The Luhburra 
 Nulla divides the Mahratta Dominions from 
 the Nizam's. From the Eaft Bank of this 
 Nullah the Jagheer of the Nabob Cuvvy* Jing 
 commences. This village is the Purgunnah 
 of Kuddyzvalet. 
 
 Encamped a little to the Eaftward of the 
 Village of Moorude ; a few Tamarind Trees 
 here; and Well- Water. The Road good. 
 
 From 
 
 Geography, 
 42 
 
 Cuvry. I
 
 470 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 From Mooruck Miles. The Road good, and the Country well 
 
 To Caloudee, T. 6 cultivated. Caloudee is a fmall Town, on an 
 Carmulla, C. _n pj^i^, 
 
 ESE 8; ^ 
 
 Carmulla is a confiderable City, in which there is a 
 X very pretty Stone Fort, in good order, with a double 
 Wall, and Ditch between them ; as well as a large Ditch 
 round the outer Wall. 
 
 The Inner Fort has Twenty-two round Baflions, on 
 which are i8 Guns mounted, Tome of them large; The 
 Outer Wall has the fame number of Baftions, but no 
 Guns mounted, and lower than the other : The Ditch, 
 between the Walls, is about 1 1 Feet deep, and not very 
 broad, dry at this Seafon. 
 
 The Outer Ditch, about 24 Feet broad, and 12 deep, 
 and dry, except a little Water under the North Baftion, 
 but in the Rains both Ditches are full. This City is 
 in the Jagheer of Jamiajee Numbalker, from the Nizam, he 
 is now at Hs'derabad. 
 
 From Carmulla 
 
 To HeJI'cra, V. 8 ^j^^ ^^^^ j^ ^^^^^ ,^^ ^ ^^^^ .^ 
 
 Auatty, V. ' ■" 
 
 Seem N. i general pretty good, and the Country well 
 
 Perbida, C. 5 cultivated. 
 
 SE 20 
 
 The Boundaries of Carmulla, are on the NE Bank, of 
 the Seenah Nullah, and the Perinda Diftrids begin on 
 the SE Bank. 
 
 Perinda is a large City, with a ftrong ftone Fort, in 
 
 good Order, and on tlie fame plan with the Fortifications 
 
 Geograpk r. ^t 
 
 43
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 471 
 
 at Cartnulla, with this dififerencc, that the Citadel, or Inner- 
 Fort has but 17 Baftions, and the Outer 20 Baftioas. 
 
 There is a large Gun and two Swivels, on each of the 
 Baftions of the Citadel, but no Guns on the Outer. 
 
 This City is the Refidence of jfa.iuje Neembalker. 
 
 From Perinda Miles. ThePmW^diftriifl, and A''?('»;^£j//&^rVJagheci', 
 
 To Ouple, V. 12 end at Otiple, and Handooy f is in a Jagheer, 
 
 Kandory? 2 which Betmrow Pmfeh (the Commanding 
 
 ESE 14 OiHcer of the Pejhwas Artillery) has from 
 
 the Nizam. All the Country is very open 
 
 and plain ; No hills to be feen ; the Road 
 
 T- r^ 7 f> very good, 
 
 i^rorn Kandooy? ' ° 
 
 To Coiva, V. 2 
 
 Pawn Gauw, T. 6 Pawn Gatau is a fmall Town walled round. 
 
 Bow Gavjouly 2 and is the Refidence of Aumel. Viragtie is 
 
 Manny Guaiv 2 a larger Town than the above, with a Mud 
 
 Firague T. 2 Fort with 12 Baftions, but only three Guns 
 
 SEbS 14 mounted. 
 
 The Piirgimnah takes its Name from Pawn Gauw, and 
 the whole in Beemrow Panfeh's Jagheer, from the Nizam. 
 Encamped in a IVIangoe Grove, to the Southward of the 
 Town; good Well- Water. 
 
 3 
 
 4~ 
 
 I- About two Courfe fiom Virague, pafled 
 between two fmall Hills, about -|- of a mile 
 from each other, which is called a Pafs, by 
 
 I the Country-People, but by no means deferves 
 
 _ that name. 
 
 The 
 6 G 
 
 From J'iragne 
 
 
 To Na^rjeery, R. 
 Hctuja, V. 
 Jaul Gaicv, V. 
 Ammy Gauw, V. 
 
 5: 
 
 2 
 1 
 
 Nagjeery, R. 
 Murzapore, V. 
 Eeljapore, V. 
 
 Z 
 1 
 
 SE' 
 
 M- 
 
 GEOGRAPHr. 
 
 
 49 

 
 472 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Road, in general, ftony from the entrance of 
 the Pafs to Murzapore, but very pafluble with Guns, &c. 
 the reft of the Road very good ; croffed the Nagjeery 
 River, in all, four times ; twice as marked in the Column, 
 and once to the Eaftward of Heteeja, and again a mile 
 Eaft of Animy Gaiiw. 
 
 Rajetun Purgumiah begins about two miles South Eaft of 
 Virague, and is in the Jagheer, given by the 'Nizam to 
 Baboo Naig, who is a Mahratta Chief of high Rank, and 
 refides at Baramooty, a City and Fort, Twenty-two Courfe 
 SE of Poonah. 
 
 From Eeljapore Miles. 
 
 '^° iTt'/lTrZlj^ore 2 . ^'°"^ '^^ ^'"^g^ °f Eeljapore, the Road 
 
 Kekrumba V. 4 ^^ '^'^''y good for aLout five Miles ; we then 
 
 Booriim, N. 2 afcended the Hill, on which ftands the Town 
 
 Kmdalla __2_ of Tooljapore. 
 SE 16 
 
 The only Road, by which Carriages of any kind can 
 afcend to the Town, from the Eaftward, is cut out of 
 the Hill, on the South fide of the Road, and on the North 
 is a deep Gully, through which foot paffengcrs can 
 afcend and defcend. 
 
 The Town of Tooljapore is famous for a Number of 
 Pagodas, dedicated to the Goddefs Behv-anny. The principal 
 Pagoda ftands at the top of the above Gully. 
 
 The Hindoos come, from all parts of the Country, to 
 Worftiip at this Place. The Town is not guajded by any 
 Fortifications, except its fituation, and the Goddefs. 
 
 There is a pucca Tank, upon the Hill, near the Grand 
 Pagoda ; After pafting Tooljapore, we found very little 
 Del'cent, the Road very good, and the Country well 
 cultivated, the reft of this Stage. 
 
 Geographt. TuolJMipore 
 
 5=>
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 473 
 
 Tooljapore is in Rajetan Purgunnah, which continues to 
 the Eaftward of Little Tooljapore, where Nuldoorg Purgunnah 
 begins, and the whole in Numbalker's Jagheer. 
 
 From Kundalla Miles. 
 
 To Tankee, V 2 
 
 Kurge Kera, V. 3 
 KanehGauzv, V. 3 
 Kaftee, V. 3 
 
 Ternee, ^* 1 < 
 
 Maukinee 
 
 17 
 
 Encamped, on the Eaft Banks of the 
 Ternee Nullah, in a Babool Grove, near the 
 Village. 
 
 The Road very good, and the Country one 
 extenfive plain. 
 
 The Purgunnah of Oez, begins at Kaneb Gauzv. The 
 Villages of Tankee and Kurge Kerah, are in the Jagheer 
 of Jehu-wer Jing, and the reft in the Jagheer of 
 Janiijee Rumba, from the Nizam. 
 
 From Maukenee 
 
 
 
 To Satoar, 
 
 V. 
 
 4 
 
 Chinchoiilee, 
 
 V. 
 
 2 
 
 Raje Gaw, 
 
 V. 
 
 I 
 
 Kouta, 
 
 V. 
 
 2 
 
 Mudgul, 
 
 V. 
 
 4 
 
 Saurowreef 
 
 V. 
 
 2 
 
 Encamped, near a Milky Hedge, to the 
 South of Surroivre? Village; the Country 
 plain, open, well cultivated, and the Road 
 good. 
 
 The Lelingha Purgunnah commences at the 
 Village of Kouta, and is in the Jagheer of 
 Kally B'lgham, the Nizam's eldeft Sifter. 
 
 There are two very high Octagons in the Village 
 of Surrowre. 
 
 SE 15 
 
 From Surrcnvree ? 
 
 To Handendee, V. 
 Monglee, V. 
 Chiiicbozira, V. 
 Jam Gatfw, V. 
 Tecna? R. U 
 
 SE i^ 
 
 Encamped, among a few Mangoe Trees, 
 
 ^^ to the Southwatd of Bbouferee, which is a 
 
 ^: fmall Town, walled round, on the SSE 
 
 2 ; 
 
 T i Bank of the Ttdra f 
 
 Bbouf^ree, 
 
 Geography 
 
 The Country open and well cultivated ; 
 the Road ratlier ftony. Croilbd three fmall 
 
 N!i!!*l:iy 
 
 51
 
 474 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Nrdbhs, and the above River, all running to the 
 Eaftward. 
 
 The Lelingha Purgiinnah ends on the SW Bank of 
 the Tiara ? and the Kalianee Piirgunnah begins from the 
 Eaft Banks, and all in the Jagheer of Calle Bighanu 
 
 From Bhouferee, Miles. Encamped a little to the Eaftward of the 
 
 To Mnnglee, V. %\ Town of Hoolfure, which is fmall, and 
 Koutmul, y 3 ^^^,1^^ ^^^^^^ 
 Mitchlee, V. 2 1 
 Hoolfurey T. 4 
 
 5jr~YT '^^^^ Country open, and, in general, well 
 cultivated ; the Road rather ftony. 
 
 The Knlianee Purgunnah, and the Bigham's Jagheer, 
 end to the Weftvvard of Koutmul, and Balkee Purgunnah 
 begins ; this laft, in the Jagheer of Rajah Chiter Sing, 
 from the Nizam. 
 
 From Hoolfure The Country well cultivated, but the Road 
 
 To Refer Jevel, V. 3 rather ftony, the Chilka River has but little 
 Lada, V. z\ water in it now, but in the Rains, runs 
 
 Chilka, R. 1 very rapid. 
 
 Balkee T. 74- 
 
 14 Balkee, is a large Town, furrounded by 
 a Wall, with a number of round Baftions. 
 The Town, &c. greatly on the decay ; no Guns 
 mounted. 
 
 This place is the Refidence of Rajah Chiter Sing, a 
 young Boy, about ten Years of age : Rajah Ramchitm, 
 the Father of this Boy, was a Chief, of high Rank, 
 under the Nizam, from whom he had a Jagheer of 52 
 Lacks a Year; but having behaved with inattention to 
 Rooken-ul-Daulab, the Nizam^s Dciran, he was foon after 
 Geography. imprifoned, 
 
 5*
 
 OPvIENTAL REPERTORY. 475 
 
 imprifoned, fent to the Fort of Colconda? and accufed of 
 Treafonable Correfpondence with the Mahrattas. No 
 fufficient proofs being brought to confirm this Charge, 
 it was imagined his Mafter (who had a fincere regard 
 for him) would foon reflore him to his Liberty and 
 Favour. This alarmed the Dewan fo much, that he did 
 every thing he could think of, to prevent it ; and at 
 laft feeing no profpeft of Succefs, and knowing the 
 dangerous Confequence of fuffering his Enemy to get 
 into favour again, he found means to prevail upon one 
 of the Rajah's Servants to give him Poifon, of which he 
 died immediately. The Nizam, on hearing of his Death, 
 fuffered much uneafinefs. The Dewan was not fatisfied 
 with the Death of the Father, but thought it necelfary 
 to reduce the power of the Son, in which he fucceeded 
 by perfuading the Nizam to reduce his Jagheer to three 
 Purgunnahs, amounting to three Lacks and fevcnty- 
 thoufand Rupees a year. The Purgunnahs belonging to 
 the Rajah are Nitore, Moorg, and Balkee. The Dewan 
 being dead, it is fuppofed the Nizam will raife the Family 
 to higher honours than what they enjoy at prefent. 
 
 From Balkee Miles. The Country well cultivated and the Road 
 
 To Mecond, V. 4 good. The Jurna Nuddy runs clofe to the 
 
 Hubargha, V. 4 Weftward of the Village of Milar Khanapore. 
 
 Junta Nuddy 7^ 
 
 Mylar Khanapore S t- 1 • »«■ ^ r 1 
 
 ■^ ^ t.ncamped m a Mangoe Grove (on the 
 
 — Eaft bank of this Nuddy) where there are 
 
 a great Number of white Monkeys, fo very tame, that 
 
 they came to be fed out of the hand ; they are very large. 
 
 There are feveral Pagodas on the NW Bank of the 
 
 Nuddy, dedicated to the Hindoo God Kanderow, near 
 
 which are feven fmall Tanks, which have each fome 
 
 extraordinary Virtue ; one of them in particular, cleanfes 
 
 every Perfon who waQies in it from his Sins, according 
 
 E o G R A p H r. 6 H to
 
 476 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 to the Hindoo Faith. It is faid that from thirty to forty 
 thoufand Hindoos come annually to pray to this God, 
 and wafh in the Tanks. The fituation is pleafant and 
 romantic. 
 
 From Mylar Kanapore Miles. Encamped to the SE of Beeder, amongft 
 To Beeder, C. SE lo a few Mangoe Trees, no Villages on the 
 
 Road, but there is a large W.ll, with fteps 
 down to the Water, about half way. It is reckoned 
 unlucky by the Country People, to pafs this Well, 
 without drinking of the Water. 
 
 The City of Beeder was the Refidence of the Sultans 
 of Bamania: it was then in its utmoft Splendour, of 
 which there is but a few ruined remains to be feen at 
 prefent. 
 
 The City is fortified all round with a ftrong ftone wall, 
 with many round Baftions, and furrounded with a dry 
 
 Ditch about three fathoms and a half deep, and pretty 
 broad. 
 
 The Wall of this Fort refembles greatly that of 
 Monghiery and is about three Caufs in Circumference, 
 with about 150 Guns, large and fmall, mounted, the 
 Wall is cracked in feveral places, and does not appear 
 to have been repaired for many years. 
 
 This place ftands upon an open plain, except the 
 Eaft fide, which is upon a rifing ground, or rather a 
 Hill, about 100 Yards high, and the only road for 
 Guns, which appears up to the Fort on this fide, is 
 under the SE; but Infantry can eafily afcend all parts of 
 the Eminence. 
 
 The Earth which was thrown out of the Ditch forms 
 
 a kind of Glacis to the South, the Weft, and North 
 
 fides of the Fort, which covers a great part of the 
 
 Wall. 
 
 Geographt. There 
 
 5 +
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 477 
 
 There were formerly many good BiiilcHngs within this 
 City or Fort. The remains of fome are dill to be 
 feen, particularly the Palace of the Sultan Ahmoody 
 and a very pretty Mofque ; the latter painted like China 
 ware. 
 
 There are two dry ditches round the Palace, and 
 another handfome Mofque juft without the Ditch, alfo 
 a large College, which was built by Sudder Jehan, where 
 young people are fent from all Quarters to be inftrufted. 
 in the Sciences ; The whole in Ruins. 
 
 The Town is fupplied with good Water from a Tank 
 about 100 yards fquare, juft without the Palace Ditch. 
 
 The South and Weft Gates of the Fort, are open, 
 the Eaft Gate built up with bricks, and the North Gate 
 opens to the Palace only, and from that to the City. 
 
 Beeder is reckoned famous for Tootanaig inlaid with 
 Silver. 
 
 From Beeder Miles. Encamped amongft a few Mangoe Trees, 
 
 To Goonjatee, V. 7 a little Weft of the fmall Village of Ramterit, 
 
 Ramterit., V. i which is furrounded by feveral fmall Hills, 
 
 SE 8 or Eminences. The Road to day very good, 
 
 and the Country one uncultivated plain, till 
 
 we came to the Village Goonjatee. Good Well Water at 
 
 our Encampment. This Village is in the Purgunnah of 
 
 Hoiijfinabnd, which commences a little to the Eallward 
 
 of Beeder. 
 
 From Ramterit No Villages near the Road in this March, 
 
 To Shigbam, V. 8 and the Country is uncultivated, though it 
 SE 8 appears to be fine Land. Crofled three fmall 
 NulLibs. 
 
 c R A p H r. There 
 
 5S
 
 478 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 There is a Pagoda in the Village of Singbam, 
 dedicated to the Hindoo God Mahadue, where great Numbers 
 of People allemble, at certain Seafons of the Year, to 
 worniip. 
 
 This Village is in the Purgunnah of Haujfenabad. 
 
 From Slttgham MUes, The Road, for the firft fix miles, but in- 
 
 To Jirlapeke, V. 6 different : afterwards good. The Country 
 Chllmurree, V. 4 ^^jj cultivated. 
 
 Khanapclle, V. 2 ^ •' 
 
 Monpellee, V. 2_ 
 
 SE 14 Kalboog Purgunnah begins at Jirlapeke, and 
 is in the Jagheer of Rajah Ungkit Row, from 
 the Nizam. 
 
 From Monpellee Crofled about eight fmall Nullahs ; the 
 
 To Impellee, V. 2 Country much better cultivated than any 
 Sedajfee Pete, V. 6 part we have feen on our Journey from 
 Sehgardee, T. 64 Poonah. 
 Sehgardee, F. ai- 
 
 SE 17 A Jecl (with a great deal of water) on 
 each fide of the Road, a little to the 
 Eaftward of Sidajfee Pete, and feveral other Jeeh between 
 that and Sehgardee. 
 
 Mangoe Groves near all the Villages, and a great 
 number of Date Trees, between Sedajfee Pete, and Sehgardee 
 Fort. This Fort is new, and made with Stone, with a 
 number of round Baftions, and a round Tower in the 
 Center, with one large Gun mounted on it, and a few 
 fmall ones on the Fort. The Fort is furrounded with 
 a wet ditch, built with ftone and lime but not very broad. 
 There is a very large Jeel to the North Weft, with juft 
 room for the Road between it and the Fort. Sehgardee 
 Pete, the Relidence of the Rajah Uijkit Roiv, is a fmall 
 Town, with a Stone Fort, much on the fame plan with 
 the above, but without a ditch. 
 GEOGRAPHr. Encamped 
 
 £6
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 479 
 
 Miles. 
 From Sehgardee Pete Encamped in a Mangoe Grove, ro llie Souch 
 
 To Lachnm, V. 10 Eaft oi Paltitn Cherce, a large Village. 
 
 Chitcool, V. 2 The Road, for the firfl: four Caufs, very 
 
 TattunCheree,Y. 3 indifferent, and the Country covered with 
 
 S E 15 fome Jungle, and a number of fmall Rocky 
 
 Hills, after which the Country is well 
 
 cultivated, with abundance of Tamarind and Mangoe 
 
 Groves. 
 
 The Purgunnah of Pattun Cheree, begins a little to the 
 Eaftward of Sehgardee, and furnifhes part of the Grain 
 for the Nizam's Elephants, Camels, &c. 
 
 Frorn Pattun Cheree The Road ver)' ftony, and the Country 
 
 To Ningham Pete,Y . 8 full of Jungle and Rocks, all the way, except 
 
 Hufeinjhaw 1 , ^ li"lc opening at the Village of Ningbam 
 
 fFu/Jies Durgah [ Pete; about two miles to the Weftward of 
 
 S E 15 the Durgah, there is a Wall, thrown up 
 between the two Rocks, which forms a Pafs 
 that no Carriages can go through, except at the Gate. 
 A little to the South Eaft of this, there is a fine Well, 
 with fteps down to the Water, it was lately built by a 
 Fagueer, and is of great ufe, as it is the only Water 
 near. There is another fmall Pafs, formed in the fame 
 manner Vv-ith the above, but neither of any ftrengrh againft 
 ' Artillery, and Infantry can eafily get over the Walls, or 
 
 Rocks. 
 
 From Hi'feinJ]:aw -. There are feveral Jeels, near the Mofque, 
 
 Wullies Durgah J the Country cultivated, and a large Village. 
 
 To Hyderabad, C._8_ The Road from the Durgah to the City, 
 SE 8 ver)'^ good, and the Country open, except 
 here and there fome fmall Rocks. 
 
 Bhaugnagur, ^now Hyderabad) ftands on the South Bank 
 
 of Miijah River. The Courfe of this River is from 
 
 Weft to Eaft, and runs very rapid in the rains, at 
 
 Geography. 61 prefent 
 
 57
 
 48o ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 prefent it has no more than two feet Water. This 
 City was a confiderable Place time out of mind, but 
 did not arrive at its full extent, or Splendour, till the 
 Reign of Hyder Shaw, who gave it the Name of 
 Hyderabad. It is furrounded by a high Stone Wall, 
 which was begun by Abdoolah Shaw, and finifhed by 
 Nizam-u-Mulk, the Father of the prefent Nizam. There 
 are a few fmall Guns mounted. 
 
 The Wall is no defence againfl: Artillery, but does 
 very well againfl: Cavalry. Some remains of the Palaces 
 of the antient Kings, or Sultans, are flill to be feen. 
 
 The Charmehel, or four Palaces, of which there are 
 only two {landing, were formerly Royal Refidence, very 
 large and Magnificent, but now in Ruins, and part of 
 the ground, on which the refl; of thefe Buildings fl:ood, is 
 at prefent covered with Corn. The above Ruins are in 
 the Northweft fide of the City. 
 
 In the Center of the City, is a Dome, with four Spires, 
 which are pretty high, and perceptable, at a confiderable 
 diftance from the City ; under this Dome (which is 
 fupported by four Arches) there formerly was a fountain, 
 near which the Kings ufed to pafs much of their time, 
 in the heat of the day, and even now, though partly in 
 ruins, people retire to this Place to enjoy the cool Air, 
 which they fl:and much in need of, in the hot Weather. 
 
 The next Relick of the antient Grandeur of this City 
 to be feen, is the Gate, and part of the Wall of Daad 
 Mehcl, or Palace of Jufl:ice. In the Reigns of Abdoolah 
 Shaw, and 'Tanah Shaw, a large Chain hung down at 
 this Gate, the upper end of which was fafl;ened in an 
 Appartment where the Kings, as well as fome of their 
 Prcdeceflbrs, ufed to give Audience, for certain hours 
 every day, and any perfon of whatever Rank, who thought 
 himfelf injured, by fhaking the Chain of Juftice, (as it 
 
 was 
 
 Geography. 
 
 58
 
 G R A p n r. 
 59 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 481 
 
 was called) was immediately called into the Prefence to 
 reprefent his Grievances. 
 
 There are feveral Mofques in the City, but thofe mod 
 deferving notice, are the Mecca Mofque, and the Bigham's 
 Mofqiie, which are in good Repair. 
 
 The City in general is on the decline, except the 
 Choukee, or Grand Buzar, which is full with very good 
 Shops and Houfes, there are fixtccn other Buzars, or 
 Markets, in the City, and it is faid that there were fifty-two, 
 in the Reign of Tanah Shaw. 
 
 The City has four Principal Gates, the Weft, commonly 
 called the Taak Gate, at the outfide of which, there is a 
 Stone Bridge, over the Mufah River. The Eaft, or Sundry 
 Gate} the South, or Heerapore Gate; the North, or 
 Delhi Gate. 
 
 Goujha Mehil, or corner Palei, is to the Northward of 
 the City, about half a mile from the Delhi Gate. 
 
 It is as fpacious and lofty Houfe, fit for the Refidence 
 of a Prince. The foundation of this Magnificent Palace, 
 was laid by Ahdoolah Shaw., and finifhed by Tanah Shaw, 
 his Son in Law, and Succeffor, in the Year 1096 Hijiree; 
 There is a large Pucca Tank, in the Front of the Houfe, 
 about 500 Yards fquare, and the compound, or Wall, 
 which inclofes the Palace and Tank, about 1000 Yards 
 fquare, 
 
 Nizam-ul-Mulk had his Palace in good repair, and was 
 ufed to hold his Durbar, and pafs much of his time 
 here; but fince, it has been but little attended to, except 
 when Monfieur Bujfy went to Hyderabad, it then had 
 fome repairs for his Refidence, and now and then the 
 roof is mended, to prevent its falling. 
 
 The Nizam has a Palace at Hyderabad, and another at 
 Auringabad, with Officers of the Houfehold, S:c. at each. 
 
 He
 
 48i ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 He would from Choice refide at the latter, on account 
 of the Water, Air and Situation, but its Vicinity to the 
 Mahratta Dommions, makes it rather troublefome ; he there- 
 fore refides in general at Hyderabad. Another Motive for his 
 Refidence there, is its being more in the Center of his 
 Dominions, and more convenient for fending Troops, to 
 keep off his mofl; reftlefs and troublefome neighbour, 
 Hyder Naig. 
 
 We had no opportunity of feeing the Fort of Colconda, 
 which ftands on a Hill, about three Caufs Weft North Weft, 
 • of the City, but it is faid to be very ftrong, with a great 
 
 Number of Guns mounted. The principal Inhabitants, 
 and Bankers, of Hyderabad, are permitted to have Houfes 
 in this Fort, to which they retire with their Money, &c. 
 on any Alarm. ♦♦ 
 
 It is faid that Auringzebe befieged this Fort for 1 2 Years, 
 and at laft got poffefllon of it, by the Treachery of Mufa 
 Kawn, who opened the Gate at night, and admitted the 
 King with his Army. 
 
 Tanah Shaw was at this time amufing himfelf at a Dance, 
 in the Citadel, or upper Fort ; on being informed that the 
 King of Delhi, was in poffeflion of the Fort, he defired 
 he might be fhewn to the Palace. When Auringzebe 
 arrived at the Door, Tanah Shaw went to meet him, and 
 after faluting him, in the moft friendly manner, he took 
 the King by the hand, and led him to the Throne, and 
 with a fmile faid " I have had my time, it is nov/ your 
 *' Majefty's turn, I beg you will fit upon the Throne, as 
 " more deferving it, and we will then amufe ourfelves at 
 " the Dance." 
 
 The King of Delhi was eafily perfuaded, but the 
 unfortunate Tanah Shazv had little Amufement afterwards, 
 except in Prifon. 
 
 The City of Hyderabad, within the Wall, is about two 
 Caufs in length, one and a half broad, and five round. 
 
 G E o G R A r H r. The 
 
 60
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 483 
 
 Miles. 
 From Hyderabad From the Eaft Gate of Hyderabad, to a 
 
 To Hyat Nagur, lo large Tank, two Caufs and a half, and the 
 
 SE To" fame diftance to Hyaat Nagur. . The Road 
 
 very good. No Buildings, to the Eaftward 
 
 of the City, deferving notice. A great Number of 
 
 Date Trees. 
 
 From HyatNagiir From Hyaat Nagur to the Nullah, is a 
 
 To Ameer Pete, V.3 Valley, about three miles broad, with feveral 
 
 Balfumgaram, 1 „ Jeels of Water, and fome Cultivation ; 
 
 Nullah ■' the Hills here are not very high, nor do 
 
 Mulkapjre, 6 they appear hke a continued range. 
 
 ES E 76" 
 
 From the Nullah, to Mtdkafore, is an intire Jungle, and 
 almoft the whole of this days Journey, at about the 
 diftance of every Caufs, we obferved two fmall Pillars, 
 between which the Road in general runs. 
 
 Thefe Pillars are about 18 feet high, and appear to 
 have been put up on purpofe, as a guide for Travellers 
 through the Jungle. They are now falling down, the 
 Road good. 
 
 Mulkapore is a fmall Village in the Jungle, and affords 
 but very litde Grain. Well-Water at this place. 
 
 From Mulkapore There is a Mofque in Ruins, near the 
 
 To Miake Gunge, 4 Remains of Miakee Gunge, but not a fingle 
 
 A large IVell, V.4 Inhabitant at this place. There is another 
 
 GoolinamPeree,V.S old Mofque, near the Well; here Travellers 
 
 ESE 1 6 frequently ftop all Night. 
 
 The firft five Caufs is moflly Jungle, here and there 
 fome little Cultivation, but no Villages near the Road, 
 except a very fmall one, SE of Old Gunge, the laft three 
 Caufs pretty well cultivated. Here are a very great 
 Number of Palmira Trees. 
 
 Encamped in a Tamarind Grove, SE of the Village 
 of Goolaram Pcttec. Weil-Water ; the Road very good. 
 E o G R A P H r. 6 K This 
 
 61
 
 484 
 
 From Goolaram Pet tee 
 
 To Karlia, V. 6 
 
 Chetall, V. 8 
 
 NarkundPetteejV. 5 
 
 19 
 
 ORIENTAL 
 
 Miles. 
 
 REPERTORY. 
 
 This days March througli an entire Jungle, 
 except near the Villages, but the Country 
 appeared better cultivated, at the diftance of 
 about two Caufs, off the Road. No Nullahs, 
 or Water of any kind, near the Road, except 
 at the Villages. From Nulkapore to the Village 
 Pettee, is in the Jaghecr of Rajah Ram 
 
 of Narkiind 
 
 Bahadeer, from the Nizam. 
 
 From Narkund Pelle 
 
 To Catinghoor,Y. 10 
 
 Allumer, V. 4 
 
 Narkurkle, V. 4 
 
 The firft five miles through a Jungle ; 
 afterwards fome Cultivation, and a great 
 number of Palmira Trees; fome fmall Hills, 
 at the diftance of a Caufs from the Road. 
 Encamped in a Grove of Palmira Trees, a 
 little to the Eaftward of Nakiirkle Village. Plenty of 
 Well-water at this place. This Country is in the hands 
 of Government, and not the Jagheer of any Individual. 
 
 From Nakurkk 
 
 To Atta Pete, V. 
 Koolpahary, V. 
 Arrie, N. 
 
 TauktnuUa, V. 
 Soorea Pete, 
 
 EbS 16 
 
 From Soorea Pete, 
 
 To Cheeamil, V. 6 
 
 Teejuapore, V. 4 
 
 Nemaram, V. 4 
 
 E. 14 
 
 GsOGRAPHr. 
 
 6z 
 
 The Country better cultivated than whar 
 we paft thefe two laft days. But few Hills in 
 fight. 
 
 Encamped in a Tamarind Grove, near 
 Soorea Pete, Oolque Purgunnah begins one Caufs 
 Weft of Arrynuddy, and is in the Jagheer of 
 Rajedar Khawn, from the Nizam. 
 
 This days March is in the Purgunnah of 
 Oongoondd, and in the Jagheer of Rajedar 
 Khawii. Tlie Fort of Oongoonda ftands upon 
 a high Hill, about three Caufs to the Southward 
 of Ckeeamil. It appears to be ftrongly fortified. 
 All the Country, we paffed to day, one entire 
 Jungle, except near the Villages. The 
 Road good. 
 
 Madehwaram
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 485 
 
 Miles. 
 From Nimarani Madehwaram and MoongaL belongs to the 
 
 To Maclehwaram, v. 2. Honorable Company; Koolpore and Chilenr 
 
 Moongal, V. 8 to the Nizam, and in the Nabob Fazibeg 
 
 Koorpore, V. 4 Kkawns Jagheer. 
 
 * _P — ^ The Fort of Moongal (lands upon a Hill, 
 
 about EbN from Madehwaram , which made 
 
 our Courfe fo much to the Southward to get round the 
 Hill, but for the laft two miles our Courfe was about 
 Eaft. The Fort and Hill about three miles from the 
 Road at NE. All" this Country covered with a very thick. 
 Jungle, except what has been cleared near the Villages. 
 
 From Chileur The Country covered with one entire Jungle^ 
 
 To Kooli/arree, V.4 very high and thick, except a little opening 
 
 Palkree f N. 8 at the Ruins of KooUarree, (where there are no 
 
 StirMehometFele,Y . 4 Inhabitants) and the Village of Seir Mehowet 
 
 E. 16 Pete, where there is a Buzar, and fome 
 
 Cultivation, and fevcral Villages, in the 
 
 Jungle, at the diftance of one and two Caufs^ 
 
 The Nizam's Dominions end on the Weft Bank of the 
 Palkree Nuddy, and the Company's Country Commences 
 on the Eaft Bank. The Road fandy and heavy, in other 
 refpedls pretty good. 
 
 The Jungle very thick and high tO' 
 Beemwaram, from thence to Guaram, the. 
 Country pretty open, and cultivated. Nabob 
 Pete belongs to the Company, and in Nwid 
 Gauiv Purgunnah. The Road good. 
 
 The Country pretty well cultivated, except 
 fome Jungle, on the Banks of the Oocr, 
 which at prefent has but little Water, but in 
 \\2^ '^he Rains, muft run rapid, and about i mile 
 broad. Its Courfe from South to North. 
 The Village of Puria Pellee, ftands on the 
 Eaft Kink, of another Branch of the Ooery 
 G R A p H r. which, 
 
 (^3 
 
 From Seir Mehomet Pete 
 
 To Beemwaram, 
 
 ,y. 8 
 
 Guaram, 
 
 V. 3 
 
 Nabob Pete, 
 
 V. 5 
 
 
 E. 16 
 
 From Nabob Pete 
 
 
 To Toole Ckurlo, 
 
 V.I 
 
 Cbingha Pahary 
 Ooer, 
 
 '. 4 
 R. 4 
 
 Magocl, 
 Semwaram, 
 
 V.2I 
 
 V.2 
 
 Purla Pelleey 
 
 V.2 
 
 
 IZ
 
 48$ 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 which is reckoned the largeft. We encamped in a 
 Tamarind Grove, on the Weft Bank of the River. 
 
 A high Range of Mountains appears about three 
 Caufs to the Southward of our Encampment. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 After pafllng the Village Swilpore, wc 
 
 marched between two ranges of high Hills, 
 
 and did not get clear of them, till we came 
 
 near the Village of Pavgool, where the North 
 
 range bore off, at the dirtance of five Caufs, 
 
 but the South Range kept at the diftance 
 
 of a Caufs and a half, to two Cavifs, all the 
 
 way. This is a fine broad Valley, pretty 
 
 well cultivated. 
 
 Erlapalam and Swilpoore, in the Nizam's Dominions, 
 and the Nabob Fazilbeg Khawn's Jagheer; all the other 
 Villages belong to the Honorable Company. 
 
 From Ptola Pete 
 
 
 To Cbilkur, 
 
 V. a E. 
 
 Janlee 
 
 V. 4 
 
 Erlapalam, 
 
 V. 3 
 
 Swilpore, 
 
 V. 4 SE 
 
 Pangool, 
 
 V. 8 S. 
 
 Sutapore, 
 
 V. 3 
 
 Malawaram. 
 
 ,V. I 
 
 
 25 
 
 From Mqlavaram 
 To AJaram, 
 Sanioondle, 
 Batoolgool, 
 Alnmn, 
 Lunger, 
 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 V. 
 T. 
 
 One entire Jungle to Batoolgool, after 
 
 NE. which the Country is pretty open to 
 
 ENE. Lunger, which is the Refidence of Rajah 
 
 E. Narjiiig appa Rozv, in the Mafulipatam 
 
 Diftrict. The Road good. Lunger is 
 
 a fmall Town, with a Fort in ruin. 
 
 17 
 
 From Lunger 
 
 To Mur, V. 4 
 
 Goolpellee, V. 5 
 Palarammidce.,\. 5 
 
 EbN. 
 
 E. 
 
 ESE. 
 
 The Road good, and the Country 
 open, except a little Jungle ,near 
 
 AlLr. 
 
 '4 
 
 From Talaramiindee 
 
 To Atlore, V. 5 
 
 Ellorc, T . and F. 3 
 
 Dadnore, V. 5 
 
 Gungegul, V. j; 
 
 E bN 18 
 
 Cy R A p II r. 
 
 64 
 
 Fine open Country and good Road, 
 Gundegul, is a poor fmall Village in ruins, 
 but Seetam Peie, which is half a Caufs to the 
 Northward of it, has a good Buzar, and a 
 Mangoe Grove, which affords flidter from 
 the Sun, near where we encamped. 
 
 The.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 487 
 
 Miles. 
 From Gungegul 
 
 To Gookugle V.6 
 
 Niicktee Bewannee, 3 
 Kackeram, V.j 
 
 Oogiur, V.4 
 
 EbN'iT 
 
 The Country open, and the Road good 
 now, but in the Rains mufl be very heavy 
 and indifferent. 
 
 From Oogtur, 
 To Pertaperet 
 Nunghf 
 Dooah, 
 Nurdool, 
 
 V. 8 
 R.I 
 
 V. 8 EbN 
 24 
 
 The Road good. Some Jungle. The 
 Nungh is a very fine River, with very good 
 Encampment Ground, on the Eaft Bank 
 of it, to the Northward of the Road. 
 The Village of Dooah is large, and on the 
 Eaft Bank of this River ; the Courfe of the 
 River is from North to South. 
 
 From Nurdool 
 
 To Noringha, V. xoE 
 GungaGoodaurj,^. -, 
 Rajahmundry, J 
 
 ENE~iT 
 
 The Gunga Goodaury about two miles broad 
 in the Rains ; at prefent about half a mile ; 
 Two fine large Boats at the Ferry, fixed 
 together with a Platform, to carry Guns, &c. 
 Thefe Boats will carry a Battalion of Seapoys, 
 and their Guns, in three Trips. 
 
 The Fort of Rajahmundry in Ruins. 
 
 From Rajahmundry Encamped to the Eaftward of the large 
 
 To Rajah Nagur,Y. 12 Village of Rajah Nagur, on the Bank of 
 EbN 12 Peeper Tcclazv (or Tank). 
 
 The Country, near the Road, is covered with one entire 
 Jungle, from Rajahmundry till within a Caufs of this Place, 
 and the Road fandy and heavy. 
 
 From Rajah Nagur Pedapore, is a large Town, with a Mud 
 
 To Kalla Teela-w, or 7 o Fort, on rifing ground, belonging to Rajah 
 
 Black tank, 3 Akram, under the Mafulipatam Council. 
 
 Pedapore, T, 10 Some fmall Jungle, near the Road, during 
 
 EbN 18 this days march. 
 
 Geography. 
 
 6 L 
 
 The
 
 488 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 From Pedapore Milw. The Country well cultivated and plenty 
 
 To Pittapore T.io ENE of Mangoe Groves. This is the Pur- 
 
 Mehomedpore, V. 2 & gunnah of Pittapore^ and under the 
 
 l^agle Peike, V. 4 NE Council of Vizagapatam. 
 ~T6 
 
 From Nagk Pellee This Country is in Sittiwaram Purgunnah, 
 
 To Hejna, . V. 10 and well cultivated, and the Road good, 
 
 Jagernotpore^ . a except when the Tide comes out in fome 
 
 Imaram, V. 4 fmall Nullahs, of which there are feveral. 
 
 EbN 16 The Sea about a mile and a half to the 
 
 Southward of Imaram. 
 
 From Imaram 
 To Durrai?!, 
 Sittiwaram^ 
 Niiniaram, V. 4 
 Goiircburla,Y. 2 
 NE TT 
 
 ;, R.7 
 am yT. J 
 
 The Dtiram River, which has not much 
 •water at prefent, is a little to the Weft of 
 Sitthvaram. 
 
 To the Eaftward of this Town we entered 
 between two ranges of Hills; that to the 
 Southward not high. The Valley about two 
 Caufs broad, and well cultivated. 
 
 From Gourchurla Encamped in a fine Mangoe Grove, 
 
 To Dcondam Pete, V.4 NE NE of the large Village Etkoopauk, clofe 
 
 Sirmapore, V.5 & under the North Range of Hills. The 
 
 Etkoopauk, V.3 NEbN Village well cultivated, and the Road 
 
 12 good. 
 
 From Etkoopauk Encamped in a Mangoe Grove, about half 
 
 To Elmltchlee, V. 8 a mile to the Eaftward of Cajem Cotta, a 
 
 Fulty Pete, V. 4 fmall Town under the Fizagapatam Council. 
 
 CaJJ'cmCoita, T. 8 The Country well cultivated, and the Road 
 
 EbN 20 good. Several Nullahs run from the Hills 
 
 in the rainy Seafon, which are at prefent 
 
 dry. 
 
 GEOGRAPUr. 
 
 66 
 
 The
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORT. 489 
 
 Miles. 
 From Cajfem Cotta The Dewbind Nuddy has but little Water 
 
 ToDewbindNuddy, 1 , now, but in the Rains is rapid. Its Courfe 
 Ankapelle, T.i from North to South.^ 
 Shaiupore, V. 6^ 
 
 Mohamk V. 2 Ankapellec, is a pretty large Market Town, 
 e , , ' , on the Eaft Bank of the Drajbind Nuddv, 
 
 ^ , ,„ ,, ^"s Road, for the nrll ten miles, good, 
 
 xTXTi- —TT- arterwards very mdmerent. 
 NNE 18 •' 
 
 From Goolapellee The Country well cultivated, with' a 
 
 1 o Beeka, \. 6 number of fine Mangoe Groves, at every 
 
 Renka, V. 4 .... 
 
 Alminda, Y.^ ^^^^S^' 
 
 N NE 14 
 
 Frotn Alminda Vtzanagram is a large Town, with a good 
 
 To Mompore, V. 4 Fort, under the Northern Hills, and a very 
 
 Seetanagram, V. 4 large Tank, clofe to the South-fide of the 
 
 Vizanagram , T. 6 Town. This is the Refidence of the Rajah 
 
 14 Seeteram Rofe, fubordinate to the Council of 
 
 Vizagapatam, The Country well cultivated, 
 
 and the Valley, all this days march, exceedingly pretty,. 
 
 and well watered. 
 
 From Vizanagram The Country, in general, pretty well cul- 
 
 To Bodee, R. 6 tivated, but no Villages, near the Road, from 
 
 Kundywilfah,V. 8 Fizauagratn to Kundywilfah. The Bodee River 
 
 14 rifes and falls very fuddenly, according to 
 
 the Rains on the Hills. 
 
 From Kundywilfah The Road very good, except a little to 
 
 To N. 3 the Eaftward of the Nul/ah, where there is 
 
 TamerGhudda,V.i^ fome broken Ground. 
 NE"76" 
 
 GioGRAPHr, Encamped 
 
 67
 
 490 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 From Tamer Ghieeda, 
 To Chicacole, R.7 
 Chicacole, T.3 
 
 ENE To 
 
 10 
 
 Encamped in a Mangoe Grove, to the 
 North Weft of the Town. 
 
 The River is broad and rapid in the 
 Rains; a Battalion of Seapoys ftationed at 
 Chicacole. 
 
 From Chicacole 
 
 To Cheek, V. 
 
 Suriah, V. 
 
 Kanpillis, R. 
 
 ID 
 
 
 16 
 
 From Kanpillis 
 To Runkia, 
 
 V. 12 
 
 NE~2 
 
 The laft four Caufs covered with Jungle. 
 Encamped on the Weft Bank of the Kanpillis 
 River, about a mile North of Kelingpatam, 
 wliich is on the Sea Shoar. 
 
 The Country Sandy, and little Cultivation 
 near the Sea. The Road good. 
 
 From Rmikeen The Tide comes out into the Boanpar 
 
 To Oudapore, V. 5 Nullah, which makes it not only difficult, 
 
 Naparah, V. 5 but very dangerous for Cattle to crofs. 
 
 Boanpore, N. l Several of our Horfes and Camels, funk fo 
 
 Tuck Tackley, 5I deep in the mud, that they were not able 
 
 NE 16 to extricate themfelves, without the affiftance 
 
 of a number of People. But by going nearer 
 
 the Hills, the River can eafily be croffed, without any 
 
 danger. Some of our Camels did not come up all 
 
 Encamped in a Mangoe Grove, near a 
 Tank, in the Jungle. The great variation 
 in our Courfe to day, is owing to a Bay of 
 the Sea running out, about three Caufs to 
 the Eaftward of Tackley, From Hojfatn 
 Bugha to the Tank, one entire Jungle, and 
 
 
 
 night. 
 
 
 
 
 
 From 
 
 Tuck Tackley 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tc 
 
 ) Beefapore, 
 
 V. 
 
 5 
 
 NE 
 
 
 
 Mohunpore, 
 
 V. 
 
 I 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 Nybtizar, 
 
 V. 
 
 2 
 
 N 
 
 
 ' 
 
 Kojfan Bugha. 
 
 ( 
 
 2 
 
 and 
 
 
 
 J Tank, 
 
 - 
 
 8 
 18 
 
 E 
 
 Geo 
 
 GRAF 
 
 68 
 
 H r. 
 
 
 
 
 the Road in fome places indifferent. 
 
 Encamped
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 491 
 
 Miles. ^ 
 From fke tank Encamped on a fine Plain, to the North- 
 To Ammy Gawn, 3 ward of the Village of Jarporee. 
 Bar dee, V. 4 
 
 Sanah, V. 2 From the tank to Ammy Gazv.i, a good 
 
 Bhoor Gawn, V. 1 deal of high Jungle, (from thence to Bhoor 
 
 Jarporee, V. 6 Gazvn, the Country vvell cultivated, and from 
 
 NE'iT Bhoor Gazi'fi, to the Ground covered with 
 
 Jungle,) * but not very clofe. 
 
 From Jarporee 
 
 To Nybuzar, V. 6 Hitchapore is a fmall Town with an old 
 
 Hytchapore, T. 2 Fort, formerly the Refidence of Rajah 
 
 Montredy, V. 6 Hitcharam, who was the founder of it. 
 14 
 
 There is a Batalllon of Seapoys ftationed at this Town, 
 under the Ganjam Council. 
 
 From Montr idy The Road in general very good, but 
 
 To Monfore, V. a ENE& in the Rains, the firft three Caufs muft 
 
 M)K/or^ Co//a,V. I o NbE be greatly under Water. The Sea about 
 
 1 2 a mile to the Southward of the Road. 
 
 About a mile before we came to our Ground, we 
 crofled a fmall Outlet from the Sea, where our Camels 
 funk, fo much, that they were obliged to be unloaded, 
 and then it was with fome difficulty they were got afhoar, 
 but this can be avoided, by going a mile to the Northward; 
 of which we were not informed till after we crofled it. 
 
 There is the remains of a Fort, on a fmall Rocky Hill, 
 near Monfoor Cotta^ which (the people told us) was 
 evacuated on account of very large Snakes. 
 
 From Monfoor Cotta The Road good, through a fine open 
 
 To Ganjam, R. | Country, well cultivated, but no Villages 
 
 Ganjam, F. P^ near the Road. The Fort of Ganjam, off 
 
 NE 10 the Mouth of the River, on the Eaft Bank. 
 
 This Fort is fmall, but very compaft. 
 
 GeoGRAPHT. 6M The 
 
 9 * Between ( ) omitted in oae MS. J^
 
 49* ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 From Ganjam The Country from Ganjatfi, for 
 
 To Baliapoker, V.ioNEbE& about five miles is very low, and muft 
 
 BungerCoita, V. 6 ENE be under water in the Rains. The 
 
 i6 reft of the Road runs on the Sand 
 
 Bank, about a mile from the Sea. 
 
 The end of the Ch'ilka Lake comes clofe to the Road, 
 about a Caufs and a half to the SW of the Village of 
 Budger Cotta, and about a mile and half from the Sea. 
 Encamped in a Grove of Banian Trees, to the Eaftward 
 of the Village of Btidger Cotta. This place affords hardly 
 any Grain, but fome may be got at Maloudy, about a 
 mile to the Northward of it. 
 
 The Mahratta Diftrift begins at Palliapoker. Plenty 
 of good water at our Encampment. 
 
 From Budger Cotta About a Caufs to the Eaftward of Budger 
 
 To Muta Co^'ah or -i Cotta, we entered between a branch of the 
 
 frejb-nvater-iveln "^ Chilka Lake and the Sea, and marched along 
 
 ENE 14 the edge of the former, to our Ground. This 
 
 branch of the Lake is about a mile broad, and 
 
 the diftance between the Lake and the Sea near a mile. 
 
 The Space between the Lake and the Sea is an entire Sand, 
 
 except here and there a plot of Grafs. There are two or 
 
 three Fiftiermen's Hutcs near the Hill. 
 
 From Muta Covah or There are no Boats on the firft Branch of 
 
 frejh-'water-'wcll the Chilka, except one Canoe to crofs the dauk 
 
 To Branch of the Hiicarrahs ; however the Fo:!gedar of Moiiick- 
 
 Ch'dka I ^ fatan fcnt feveral Dunghies, and we collefted 
 
 D° D? 1 others from the Villages, by which means we 
 
 Monickpatan J got over our people and Cattle pretty well. 
 
 ENE 10 The Tide runs very ftrong here, the Gaitt is 
 
 about a quarter of a mile from the Sea. 
 
 The branch of the Chilka near Monickpatan is about a 
 mile broad, and difficult to be crofTed, if there is any wind. 
 
 G E O G R A F H r. Moft 
 
 70
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 49^ 
 
 Moft of our People and all our Cattle, remained upon the 
 Beach all night, and were not all crofled before 12 o'Clock 
 next day. 
 
 The firft branch, to the Eaftward of the frejb<vaier-vjell, 
 is about 200 yards broad at low water. 
 
 There is a fmall mud Fort at Monickpatan, but not 
 ftrong. Grain of all forts is very fcarce. 
 
 From Monickpatan A fmall branch of the Chilka runs from 
 
 To Soonapatan,W^.^ J Monickpatan to the Nullah; to Ja^gcmaut the 
 Jaigernaut, T. 6 •^°^'^ ^^""y ^^^^7 and fandy. 
 
 ii Jiggernaut is a large Town, full with 
 
 Pagodas and other Hindoo Worfliiping Places. 
 It is faid, that fome Lacks of People affemble annually 
 at this Place to worfhip, who are all obliged to pay duties, 
 according to their Circumftances. 
 
 From Jaggernaut The Country well cultivated, but very 
 
 1 o Tarney, N. /r N & 1 r , ^ , 
 
 Ahomdpore, V. 5 NbW "" ' ^° """^^ ^°' ^''^^ ^'^^ ^""^^^ ^o"" ^^e 
 
 -^ greateft part, is on Caufeways, built on 
 
 —- purpofe. 
 
 From Ahomedpore The Country, in general, well cultivated. 
 
 To Pe^ply^ ^W j^ ,„dthe Road good, but there is fome 
 
 Mokoonpore, V. 3 N & J""g'e, near the latter, where are a number 
 
 NoorPeeply,T. 2 NbW oi Segers. 
 
 \2. Mokoonpore is a large Village, with a 
 
 fine Tank clofe to it. 
 
 Noorpeeply is a fmall Town, the refidence of the Amelly 
 who is faid to have twenty-two Purgunnahs and thirty-five* 
 Forts under his Command ; fubordinate to Cuttack. 
 
 There are many Mahometans at this place, principally 
 
 Patans, and the number of Mofques, and the ruins of other 
 
 antient buildings, which are ftill to be fcen, give reafon to 
 
 fuppofe, that this was formerly a Place of confequence ; ac 
 
 Geographt, prefent 
 
 71 ' " ' — 
 
 ' * Another MS 5 Forts. J2)
 
 494 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 prefent it is a fmall Town, with Choppered, or Thatched, 
 Houfes, and an old Mud Fort. 
 
 From Noor Peeply Miles. The Country open, and well cultivated. 
 
 To Kowa Kay, R. | . f^^ ^i^^ ^^^ ^^^ ^-^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ covered 
 
 Hurapore, V. 2 N & '^'^" ^^^^ Jungle, where there are a great 
 Bttlwanta, V. 6 NbE number of Tigers, and very ravenous, 
 14 which makes this road dangerous for Tra- 
 
 vellers, particularly in the night. 
 
 Frgm Bukvanta No Villages near the the Road, but people 
 
 To TooloyDofsChoiiky 3 came to the Choukies to fell grain, Sec. to 
 
 Tackngha * D? 4 Travellers. Came through a great deal of 
 
 Kutt Jury, R. -i Jungle, where people are frequently killed by 
 
 Cattack, C . 1^ Tigers. 
 
 N 10 Encamped on the Bank of the Lutt Jury^ 
 near Cat tack. This River is about 1 200 Yards broad, and, 
 in the Rains, very rapid ; Its Courfc nearly from Weft to 
 Eaft. 
 
 The City of Cattack is entirely open, except at the Weft 
 Angle, where there is an old walled place in Ruins, called 
 Lalbagh ; Here the Subadar refides. No Guns appeared oa 
 this Wall, but fome were under a (hade, on field Carriages. 
 
 The great fcarcity of Grain laft Year at this Place has 
 left it very thin of Inhabitants. Cattack has no building in 
 it worth notice, and the City, altogether, feems in a ruined 
 ftate, and the Inhabitants opprefled with heavy Taxes, &c. 
 
 What is in reality the City, is about five miles round, 
 but including the fmall detached Buzars and Villages, 
 which are all called Cattack, it is about ten miles in cir- 
 cumference. 
 
 The Subahdar of Cattack pays fourteen Lacks of Rupees a 
 Year, to the Bootifulah at Naigpoor, and fpends from eight to 
 nine Lacks, annually, in that Durhar, to fupport his intereft. 
 
 Geocraphi'. The 
 
 1^ * Tultyha Other MS. ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 495 
 
 The Fort of Bara Batty * ftands about half a Caufs NW 
 of the City, and is faid to be very ftrong, with two ftone 
 Walls. The inner Fort, or Wall, has eight round Baftions, 
 with Twenty Guns mounted. The outer wall is fquare, and 
 not fo high as the other, but furrounded with a wet Ditch 
 about 30 yards broad, very deep, and a great number of 
 Alligators in it. 
 
 The A^Iaha Nuddy runs about half a Caufs NW of the 
 Fort, and a Caufs above the City ; the Kutt Jury divides 
 from this River, and runs clofe to the South fide of Cattack. 
 The Courfe of both rivers from Weft to Eaft ; they are vfery 
 rapid in the rainy Seafon, and fometimes overflow their 
 banks. There are feveral very large boats on them ; fome 
 tied two and two, and decked, for the convenience of 
 crofling Guns, Troops, &c. 
 
 There are four thoufand Cavalry (moftly Jfgans) now at 
 Cattacky and in cafe of neceffity it is faid they can raife 
 about ten thoufand more, including Ateets, Braggies, &c. &c. 
 
 From Cattack, Miles. The Maha Nuddy is about a Caufs broad. 
 
 To Maha, R. 2 from Bank to Bank ; we forded it, a mile below 
 
 Puddampore, V. 6 the ferry, at three feet water, it being at this 
 Luckiijpore, V. 6 time very low. 
 
 ^ E 14 xhe Road pretty good, except within a 
 Caufs of Lnckinpore, where it is but indifferent, with a tliick 
 Jungle on both fides, where there are feveral Tigers. 
 
 The Beerpa Nuddy, which is a branch of Alaha Nuddy, 
 runs NE under the Hills to the weflward of the Road. We 
 encamped on the Bank of it, but did not crofs it. 
 
 Luckenpore 
 
 • Batty, means Twenty Beeghas of Land, fo that the Fort oi Bara 
 Batty covers 240 Beeghas. 
 
 Geographi'. 6N 
 
 73
 
 496 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Luckenpore is a fmall Village, on the SE bank of this 
 River, with a great deal of Jungle about it, and near the 
 Hills. There is a fmall Buzar in this Village. 
 
 From Luckenpore Encamped on the SE bank of the Beerpa 
 
 To Branch of the, Nuddy, which continues the fame Courfe. 
 
 Beerpa, R.J The Hills at the diftance of four miles to the 
 
 Akulpore, V. 7 Weftward. 
 
 NE 10 
 
 The Country, in general, very well cultivated,. 
 
 and the Road sood 
 
 or 
 
 From Aktitpore The Country well cultivated, for the firfl 
 
 To Gung-auly, R. 2 three Caufs, and afterwards large open Plains, 
 
 l<Iiillah, with a -i with long grafs, except near the Villages. 
 
 Stone Bridge J ^ 
 p L ,^ V There are feveral Hills, to the SE of the 
 
 „ • 't> Road, covered with high Jungle ; the Village 
 
 n . -o of Parbi'.tpore ftands on the point of one of 
 
 ■Kj 1 rr XT them, about half a mile from the Road. 
 
 Nehrujfua, N. i ' 
 
 Burruah, V._2 The Hills to the Eaftward, about the diftance 
 NNE^j^ of two Caufs, and no Hills to the Southward 
 of the Road, except thofe near Parbutpore. 
 
 There are Stone Bridges over the Nehrujfua, and the 
 other Nullah, and the River Gung-auty, Cumeeria, and 
 Baminee, arc fordable in the dry Seafon, but muft all be 
 croffed in boats in the Rains. The Courf6 of thefe Rivers 
 nearly from Weft to Eaft. 
 
 Burruah was formerly the Refidence of a Nabob, and a 
 very confidcrable Town, but it is now in ruins, and no more 
 than an indifferent Village, with a Fougedar. The Country 
 appears to be very fcarce of inhabitants. 
 
 Geograpuy. The 
 
 74
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY, 497 
 
 Miles. 
 From Burmah, The Kurrujfua River had about five feet 
 
 To Kurruffua, R. i Water in it. We crofled it in Boats. The 
 
 Boody, R. 3 Byturnee is near half a mile broad, and runs 
 
 Madaghia, N. 2 clofe to Jaagepore, it has about three feet 
 
 Jaagepore, T.l Water in it now, but in the Rains can only 
 
 Byturnee, R. ■' be crofled in boats, as well as all the Rivers 
 
 Gungauire, R. 2 wc crofled to day. 
 
 Dbamnagur,\. 6 (The Byturnee is near half a mile broad, and 
 
 ^5 runs clofe to Jaagepore, it has about 3 feet 
 
 water in it now ; but in the rains, can only be crofled in 
 
 boats, as well as the Rivers we crofled to day.) -j- 
 
 The Byturnee is by the Hindoos reckoned the firft Gate 
 to Jaggernaut; They ftiave their heads and bathe in this 
 River, either going to, or coming from vifiting their much 
 adored Idol. 
 
 Janjipore is a large flraggling Tov/n, where a good deal 
 of Cloth is made ; it ftands on the South Bank of 
 Byturnee River. 
 
 The Country fine and open, till we crofled the Gung-autee, 
 and then one continued Jungle to Dhamnagur, which is 
 greatly infefted with Tigers 
 
 Dba7nnagur is a large Village, but very thin of 
 Inhabitants. 
 
 The Hills appear at the difl;ance of about fix Caufs, 
 bearins North-Weft. No Hills to the Southward. 
 
 o 
 
 From Dhamnagur The firft four Caufs are an entire Jungle, 
 
 To Churakootee, V. 4 except fome little cultivation near Churakootee. 
 
 Solindee, ^- 1 2 This Jungle is infefted with Tigers, which 
 
 Bhitderuck V.jj have killed feveral People lately. 
 
 N E 12 
 
 There are Stone Bridges over two very fmall Nullahs, 
 one to the North Eaft, and the other to the South Wefl: 
 of Churakootee, at the diftance of half a mile. 
 GeoGRAPHT. Bhuderuck 
 
 75 • Other MS 15 NNE. <^ t Other MS. J3)
 
 4^8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Bbiideruck is a large Village, where a great deal of 
 white Cloth is made. This place is the Refidence of the 
 
 Foitgedar. 
 
 This Village ftands on the NE Bank of 5o//Wi,v, which 
 has but little Water at prefent, but in the Rains can 
 only be crofTed in boats. 
 
 The firft part of the Road very indifferent. 
 
 From Bhuderuck No Villages on the Road, and the 
 
 To a Small N. 1 k i*jt7 Country from Bhuderuck, for the firft 
 
 ■withaStoneBridge.^ ^ fix Caufs, one extenfive plain; and 
 
 Surrong V. 4 NEbN from that to the Bridge, fome Jungle, 
 
 20 and afterwards, a thick Jungle all the 
 
 way to Surrong, which is infefted with 
 
 Tigers. A great deal of Rain fell to day, which has 
 
 made the Road very heavy, and, for the laft four miles, 
 
 our people were up to their middle in water. 
 
 From Siirrong The Country one continued Jungle, almoft 
 
 To Biganiab, V. 8 all the way, and the Rain has made the Road 
 
 Ekhiearpore, 8 very heavy and difagreable. 
 ENETT 
 
 From Ekhtearpore The Nullahs had about three feet 
 
 To N. I Water in them, when we crofled, but 
 
 N. I ' NEbE & fometimes they rife to ten and 
 
 BaU'ifore, T. 5! ENE twelve feet, according to the Rains 
 
 ^~ in the Hills. 
 
 The Country near BalUfore well cultivated, and the 
 Road, in dry weather, good. 
 
 GEOGRAPlir. An 
 
 76
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 499 
 
 ESSAY, towards AN ACCOUNT of SOOLOO. 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 X H E following Account of Sooloo, was begun to be 
 written in April, 1763; It is little more than the Sketch, of 
 what I intended to have compleated at leifure ; parts of this 
 AccoiTNT have been already laid before The Public, in the 
 *' Plan for extending the Commerce of the Eajl India Company, 
 " and oiThis Kingdom, by an Efiablijlrment at Ba lam bang an," 
 8? 1769; and in a Paper, publifhed with the " Tranjlation 
 " of South Sea Voyages," 4? 1770, under the Head of 
 " Natural Curiofities at Sooloo." This laft making a compleat 
 Chapter, of the intended Account of Sooloo, and having 
 been alfo printed feperately, I think it inexpedient to reprint 
 it in this Collecflion ; but the repetition, in fubftance, of part 
 of the other could not be omitted, without leaving a deficiency 
 in the part, I have thought proper here to print. 
 
 I have given The Preface, as it explains the Plan of 
 The Work: but it is not my prefent intention, to infert all 
 the Chapters. 
 
 N? 52, High Street, Marylebone. 
 30th July, 1792. 
 
 L 0. 
 
 I (^ O PREFACE.
 
 500 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 April 1 76 J. 
 
 AT may be a proper Introduftion to this Work, to take 
 a General View of its Subjeft, from which will be obtained 
 an Idea of its Importance : But antecedent to this, a few words 
 may be neceflary in regard to the Work itfelf. 
 
 A compleat Defcription of Sooloo is very far from 
 being here intetided; fueh a vrork muft be the refult of 
 careful Obfervation during a long period : but, I conceive^ 
 it will be inftrumental toward this End, to prefent a Sketch, 
 not only as a Stimulation to Enquiry, but as fome Guide to 
 Obfervation : I do not mean to aflume the province of a 
 Naturalift, I acknowledge my incapacity and regret it ; the 
 few circumftances, therefore, mentioned in regard to the Natural 
 Produftions of this Country^ where they do not relate to fome 
 other confideration, demand apology ; and are merely taken 
 notice of, as Objeds of Curiofity : At the fame time, I veotutc 
 to promife the Naturalift an ample Field for his refearches. 
 
 It may be a{ked, why this Plan was chofen ? rather than 
 inferting the Occurrences in a Journal; as that would have 
 allawed the recital of many Incidents now excluded : I muft, 
 in defence of the Plan adopted, obferve, the neceflity a 
 Journal expofes the Writer to talk in the firft Perfon ; and 
 the Reflexion, how difficult it is to do this with Propriety, 
 deters me from the Attempt. 
 
 The Point on which I raoft value myfelf, is the EclaircifTement 
 of the Geography, and Hydrography of this Quarter j as I 
 cannot but confider it as an Objeft of the utmoft Importance : 
 and although I do not pretend to have executed it with the 
 utmoft Precifion, I prefume it will be, on Comparifon with 
 former Treatifes and Maps, allowed a confiderable Portion of 
 Merit : In treating this Point, 1 have confulted great variety 
 of Printed and MSS Charts, but have had fo little fatisfaftion 
 ^ from any, that I think it unneceflary to refer to them. 
 
 However, I muft except fuch as were obtained from the 
 2 Natives,
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 501 
 
 Natives, (and perhaps one or two others, which I obtained 
 from private Pcrfons) as I am under the neceflity in many 
 Places to rely on thcfe InformatloDs, from the vi-anc of Peri'onal 
 Experience; Amongft the Authorities of tliis kind, I cannot 
 omit meniiooing a very extraordinary Chart, of the Sooloo 
 IJles, and Northern part of Borneo; It was formed by the 
 Defcription of Bakatoly a Native of Sooloo, from the 
 refleded Experience of almoft a Century : Particular Obfervation 
 was made feme ufe of, in limiting the Iflands adjacent to Sooloo, 
 and Miftakes, in thefe, were the Source of fome Confufion: 
 But, though it cannot be fuppofed a Draught, made from 
 Memory, and delineated by the hands of another, fhould be 
 free from very material Errors and Omiffions ; I need not be 
 afraid of exceeding, in my Applaufes of fo remarkable a Work 
 of Natural Genius ! when I confider alfo, that his Defcriptions were 
 conveyed through means of an Interpreter, and in a few days, 
 which Period did not admit a recolledion of thofe Inaccuracies, 
 which are found in Works executed by the Rules of Science : 
 To confirm my fentimcnts of dais Perfon's Genius, I have 
 prefented a faithful Copy of part of his Performance, even 
 without his latter Correftions : I need not be afraid to fay, 
 that, had this Old Man been inftruded in the Principles of 
 Hydrography, his Defcriptions would have merited the utmoft 
 Confidence ; but, I am almoft afraid to add, he was fo ignorant 
 of thefe Principles, as to have not the leaft Idea of any Scale 
 of Diftance, and probably as little, of ever having his Obfervations 
 examined : From his Youth he delighted in vifiting Foreign 
 Parts, from which Difpofition indulged, he attained great 
 Knowledge, at the fame time that he was ever a Model of 
 Meeknefs and Modefty. An Old Man, good humoured and 
 aflive, thirfting after Knowledge, and communicative of that, 
 which Experience has fhowered on his Silver Locks, prefents 
 the raoft affeding Pidurc of Human Nature, whatever be the 
 Complexion ; and I am inclined to imagine, this one Inftance, 
 o L 0. (without mentioning others) will be thought ample Proof, 
 
 that
 
 S O O L 0. 
 
 502 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 that Colour docs not, in any meafure, difqualify a Perfon from 
 attaining a Proficiency, in, at leaft the Praftice of, Hydrography; 
 and, on this Prefumption, cannot omit hinting the advantage 
 which a little condefcenfion, in giving Inftrudion to the 
 Buggtiefesy Chinefe, &c. might produce, by obtaining Particular 
 Defcriptions of Places, vifited only by them. 
 
 It is neceflary here to recite the Plan, I propofe to follow, 
 and at the fame time, to prefent a Table of Contents. 
 
 This Work is difpofed into Three Paris. The Flrjl, relates 
 to the Country and Climate : The Second, chiefly to the 
 Inhabitants ; and the LaJ}, is Hiftorical. 
 
 Though in treating the Hiftory of this Country, I propofe 
 chiefly to follow their own Reports ; I have profited by 
 Verbal Information from the Spaniards, and have alfo paid due 
 Attention to the Spanifli Writers. 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 Containing a general View of the Subject. 
 PART I. 
 Ch. I. Seafons, Climate, Weather and Winds. 
 
 2. Gcogiaphicd Dcfciiption, comprehending Soil, Rivers, &c. 
 
 3. Nautical Dcfciiption, with Charts, Views ot Land, &c. 
 
 4. Natural and Artificial Curiofities. 
 
 5. MifccllMneous. 
 
 PART II. 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 Ch.i. Their Government. Ch. 6. Their Habitations, 
 
 2. Religion, and Places ofWoifliip. 7. Military Art, and Weaponi. 
 
 3. Language, and Liicrature. 8. Embarkations. 
 
 4. Their Manners. 5. Commerce. 
 
 c. Appearance, Dreff, and Difpofition. 10. Weights, and Meafures. 
 
 PART. III. 
 The Hiftory of Sooloo. 
 
 I have added, byway of Appendix, A View of the Advantages 
 attending an Eftablilliment at Bdan:baiig(in : mod of thefe Cir- 
 cumftanccs are common to Sooloo, and the other Places in this 
 Quarter : But where they relate only to t/:is particular Place, 
 that relation mud be obvious, and therefore requires no 
 particular Difcuflion. 
 
 PART I.
 
 O O L o. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 503 
 
 PART I. 
 
 Chap. I. 
 
 Seafons, Climate, Weather and Winds. 
 
 The Tropical Regions, in general, have no other Diftinftion 
 of Seafons, than Rainy and Fair Weather. But there arifes 
 fome Variety from the Situation of Places, and from the Soil : 
 The Ocean, which Solomon calls the Fountain of Rain, 
 regulates in great meafure their Seafons ; more perhaps even 
 than the Sun, which is commonly reckoned the Caufe of this 
 Viciffitude. 
 
 SoOLOo is variable In its Climate, two Years differing 
 very much, though a dry Seafon is generally fucceeded by a 
 wet one, and this again followed by its oppofite : If, from 
 the Experience of two Seafons, I may be allowed to judge, 
 it feems the dry is the leaft warm : Perhaps from the Influence 
 the Salt-Petre, which is abundant on the Ifland, has in cooling 
 the Atmofphere in the dry Seafon, when the Exhalations are 
 the ftrongeft, and it is poffible the Saline Particles, being 
 diluted by the Rains, have a lefs fenfible effed ; however, 
 this Conjedlure is only propofed for future Obfervation. 
 
 As the different Parts of this Empire are very different in 
 point of Situation, They of confequence vary in Climate and 
 Seafons: When I mention Sooloo, I mean the IJland 
 only ; and here I may repeat, that the Seafons being variable, 
 fome can fcarce obtain an adequate encomium, whilfl: others 
 are not fuperiour to what is common in the fame Latitude : 
 However, their Rains are not, as the Monfoon Weather In 
 India, inceffant for days, but are hard Showers, generally 
 attended with violent Blafts of Wind of (hort continuance. 
 
 6 P The
 
 504 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Air is, in general, at other times clear, the Tops of the 
 Hills being remarkably free from Vapours,* and the Nights 
 commonly cool. The Rains are chiefly from June to the 
 end of Oaober, though in the two firft Months the Showers 
 are lefs frequent, and in the laft moft common, the latter 
 part of Auguft, and beginning of September feem to be moft 
 liable to fqualls. The North Winds bring fair Weather and 
 Sunfliine, At the termination of them are frequent Calms ; 
 which is the Seafon for fifhing Pearls. 
 
 The Seafons, along the Weft Coafts, of Keeney-BaIIoo, and 
 Palawan^ are confonant to Sooloo; Rains attending the 
 Wefterly Winds, and fair Weather the NE. But the Eaft 
 Coafts of Borneo, from Paitan to Tiroon, are diredlly the 
 Reverfe. The NE bringing rainy, and the SW fair Weather. 
 Thefe Circumftances, fo contradidory to the Solar Syftem of 
 Seafons, are entirely confonant to the true Origin of the Tropical 
 Rains ; which are caufed by the Wind blowing conftantly over 
 a large Surface of Fluid, and bearing with it Clouds of 
 Exhalation, which diflipate in heavy Rains. 
 
 In all Places within the Tropicks, the Land fecms to have 
 an Influence in directing the Winds, but not with that Unifor- 
 mity which Syftematicks pretend, however, in general, there is 
 a Breeze from the Land in the Night, and from the Sea in 
 the Day ; The Night Breeze is commonly a cold penetrating 
 elaftick Air, and that from the Sea a cool humid one. The 
 Sea is little different any where, but the Land communicates, 
 by its Exhalations, its Nature to the Breeze : Mangeedara, 
 for example, is a very cold Countiy, difagreeable in the 
 higheft degree to the Conftitution of the Sooloos ; This 
 Frigidity is afcribed to the Gold Mines, which are in 
 
 Sooloo. this 
 
 ■ 
 
 5 * I have diiliniftly fecn, by Moonlighl, The Mountairn of Sooloo when 
 
 above lo leagues diftant.
 
 O L O. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 505 
 
 this Country equally abundant and pure : The Natives, indeed, 
 to the fame Caufe refer all remarkable Coldnefs in Rivers or 
 Fountains, with how much Juftice I leave to be determined 
 by the Natural ift. 
 
 Thunder and Lightning are common here, as in other 
 Countries, but not remarkably frequent or exceffive ; indeed 
 I have not heard of any Accident from them. 
 
 In moft Places of the Eafl-Indies, they have ftorms in a 
 certain degree at the Change of the Monfoons, and, it frequently 
 happens, Thefe are very violent. Although the intermediate 
 Seafons are generally exempt from Tempefts, tKey fometimes, 
 though very rarely, happen at other times than the Change 
 of ihc Monfoon. The China Seas, and all other Places adjacent 
 to the invariable Trade-Winds, are liable to Hurricanes, or 
 Tuffoons, which arife from the ftruggle between thefe Trade- 
 Winds and the Monfoon, chiefly at the Springs. 
 
 At SooLOo, there are no Storms at the fhifting of the 
 Winds, and very feldom at any other time. The end of 
 the Monfoon is attended with a frefh Wefterly Wind, for 
 fome days, which they foretell by the fituation of a Conllellation, 
 called by them, from a fuppofed refemblance. The Coco Tree : 
 This generally occafions a Storm amongfl; the Northern Phillpinas, 
 which the Spaniards term Bag-io, and fome years ago it was 
 felt at SooLOo, though not violently, as at Bafilan, where it 
 was very fevere : This, and one more, are the only Storms 
 the oldeft Perfons recollect at Sooloo, the other happened 
 about the termination of the NE Winds, and was exceflively 
 violent : many days it rained without Intermiffion, and not 
 one Coco-Nut-Tree was left Handing on the whole Ifland. 
 
 The
 
 S O L o. 
 
 506 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Hills were fwcpt clear of their Woods : one Ifland 
 overwhelmed entirely, and much Devallation made in many 
 Places. It feems to have been attended with an Earthquake, 
 as Temontangis is reported to have trembled. 
 
 Although SooLoo itfelf be exempt from Storms, in 
 common, it is not to be fuppofed all parts of the Empire 
 are : Thofe Places, open to the Sea, have little difference. In 
 this refpecl, from others in parallel fituations : Sooloo and 
 the adjacent Iflands, fituated between Borneo and the 
 yirckipelago of the Philipinas, derive from this Situation, the 
 Benefit of an exemption from Tempefts, and have from 
 thence alfo another Circumftance, attended with Conveniences, 
 though with concominant Difadvantages : This is, that The 
 Winds are not fo fixed and fteady, as in Places where there 
 is an open Sea : But, though this facilitates the Paffage one 
 way, it retards it the other ; as the Confequence of this Situation 
 is, that Calms and Light Winds are very frequent : Though, 
 as the Banks are of great Extent, and the Tides very rapid, 
 upon the whole it appears to me, that Sooloo has a Benefit 
 in thefe refpefts, above mofl other Places between the 
 Tropicks. 
 
 It is common, to have conflant Land and Sea Breezes in 
 the fair Seafon, but during the Rains they are in few Places 
 fo frequent ; I have however been affured, that the Coafts 
 of Borneo, from Uiifarig towards Pai/aa, have conftantly near 
 Ihoar a Northerly Wind in the day, and a Southerly one in 
 the Night, at all Seafons. 
 
 Perhaps the Conclufion of this Chapter, which are Signs of 
 Weather and Land, communicated by Babatol, the Old Sooloo, 
 
 may
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 507 
 
 may expofe me to ridicule. However, few are fo ignorant 
 of Human Nature, as not to know that Experience exceeds 
 the deepefl: Reafoning, and that an illiterate Fifherman fhall 
 often be found, better acquainted with the Signs which indicate 
 Changes of the Weather, than the moft acute Philofopher 
 with his Barometer. BahatJ informed me, that thefe Signs 
 have paffed down from Father to Son, through many fuccefTions, 
 and that his long Experience has warranted their Veracity : 
 However, I only prefent them, to be confirmed, or refuted, 
 by Obfervation and Experience. 
 
 Thefe Signs are chiefly taken from Lightning. 
 
 When Lightning explodes upwards, it fliews there will 
 foon be Wind, though it does not denote a Storm. 
 
 A Storm is predidled, by a woo-ing Sound in the Water. 
 
 Tremulous Lightning very high, is a Sign of Rain. 
 
 The fame not fo high, indicates a Hill. 
 
 When the Lightning is red and fiery, it (hews the Hill 
 to be rocky. 
 
 When Yellow, it is a Sign the Hill is Earth. 
 
 Low Flafhes upon the Surface of the Water, denote a Shoal 
 under Water. 
 
 A fhoal above Water, has an Atmofphere hanging over it, 
 which appears like an Ifland. 
 
 Low long Lightning, upon the Surface, fhews an I/land 
 with Trees; And when an Illand, or Hill, is high at 
 one End, and low at the other, the Lightning will be in an 
 o L 0. inclining Line like the Hill. 
 
 9 6 Q^ I had
 
 5o8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 I had almoft forgot to take Notice of a Phoenomenon, well 
 worthy a Philofophical Difquifition ; I prefume not to determine, 
 whether it arifes from a refradion in the Air ? from the Tide ? 
 or from what other Caufe ? it is, that whilft at <+-^ near Ahai, 
 the fame Lands were fometimes vifible from Deck, which 
 could, at other times, only be feen from the Main Top, 
 elevated about 40 feet from the Surface : This Circumftance, 
 which evinces the vifible Horizon to change its Dlftance, 
 makes all Obfervations of Latitude, taken by means thereof, 
 uncertain ; and perhaps, if it be owing to a refraftive 
 Power in the Air, Land Obfervations may be confidcrably 
 afFefted thereby. Though I mention this one Inflance only,, 
 fimilar have occurred at other times. 
 
 Earthquakes are not uncommon, but not very violent, 
 there being no Inftance of any mifchief, done by them, at 
 
 SOOLOO. 
 
 Chap. II. 
 
 Geographical Defcription of Sooloo. 
 
 The Limits of Sooloo, Eaftward and Northward, are the 
 Thilipims: Weftward, Borneo - Proper : and Southward, 
 Idanea, or the inland of Borneo. 
 
 It is compofed of an Archipelago, of which the Three moft 
 
 confiderablc IJlands are Sooloo, Bafeelan and Taweetatvee ; 
 
 Of many Diflrifts on the Eaft, North, and North Weil: Coafts of 
 
 Borneo; and of the better half of Palawan, or /"tfr^^w, and 
 
 of Dumaran. 
 Sooloo. 
 
 10 I propofe
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 509 
 
 I propofe to treat firfl: of the Jpnds, which I fliall, 
 for the greater PrcciTion, do under three heads, SooLoo, 
 Bafeelati, and Tazveetawee, 
 
 Sect. i. Sooloo. 
 
 SooLoo comprehends the Sooloo IJlandsy Tapool IJles, 
 PaUeangan IJles, and Pangootaran IJlands. 
 
 Under the Denomination of the Sooloo IJlands, I confider 
 Sooloo, Noja Sale, Tulean, Bankoongan, Panganak, Kookangan, 
 Toolyan, Boole Koolin, Kapooal, Beeteenan, Saang, Bong Bong, Tam- 
 hoolean, Pata, Danmwkan, Loo7nbeean, Patean, and Teoomabal. 
 
 Sooloo itfelf is divided into feveral Chief-fliips, all 
 fubordinate to the Capital, but, having their own Officers 
 for the common Jurifdiftion in their feveral Diftrids i The 
 Chiefs of thefe Diftrifts are of different Ranks, being nominated 
 Pangleema, Maharaja Palawan, and Orankys. The Diftridls 
 are Eight in Number. * 
 
 Looc, which comprehends the Country of ^ooa/and Patceboolan, under z Pangleema. 
 
 Da/joiv, , . Maharaja Palaixian, 
 Temontangiiy ^^''eflward . "1 
 
 Seenomaan .... I 
 
 TanJoo .... I 
 
 The Diflrla adjacent to that Town V'^^'^^^Oranljs. 
 The Diftrict between Bood Data I 
 and the Sea on the other Side. J 
 Parang, . . . Toohy .... PareanBatang, 
 
 Pooddool, 
 Panchual, or Panchuar 
 Geetong, . , 
 
 Tandoo-Annan, , 
 Mymbcem, . . 
 
 Pocgpopg, . , 
 
 Looc is the moft confiderable for number of People : It 
 is not to be fuppofcd the Limits of each Diftrift are determined 
 
 with 
 
 O O L O O. 
 
 • The iol owing divilions do not correfpond with thofc of the j\Tap, but 
 1 1 the Li/l is to be preferred to the Map,
 
 5IO ORIENTAL REPERTOP.Y. 
 
 with fufficient precifion to permit a minute Geographical 
 Difquifition, but what is above mentioned will be enough to 
 point out their Situations. 
 
 There are, perhaps, few Places in the World more agreeable 
 than SooLoo, particularly in the arrangement and figure of 
 the Hills, fome whereof are covered with ftately Woods, 
 others with clear Grafs Land, delightfully verdant, except in 
 Spots, where it has been burnt for Cultivation, and which, from 
 the Variety it affords, conveys more the Idea of Pleafure than of 
 Barrennefs : Many of the Hills are cultivated almoft to their 
 fummits, and thefe Fields, furrounded with Clumps of Wood- 
 Land, afford a delightful Profped to the Eye, which only wants 
 Country-Seats, Churches, and fuch Decorations of a civilized 
 People, to form a compleat Landfkip, as the Huts which 
 appear fcattercd over the Country, are but a poor fubflitute for 
 the want of better Habitations : The Coaft is generally woody, 
 fo that it is no fmall Pleafure to the Eye, as it were, to (leal 
 through this Barrier into the cultivated Scenes. 
 
 Tentontangis, the moft remarkable of the Hills, is a fingle 
 Mountain, peaked at top, it is fituatcd to the SW of the 
 Fort, and is detached from all the other Hills : To the 
 Southward of it is the Mountain Tooky, lefs in Altitude, but 
 more beautiful in appearance, being chiefly cleared and extremely 
 verdant, it has a remarkable Peak near the Summit, detached 
 and apparently flcep on every fide, intended, as it were, by 
 Nature for an Obfervatory ; it is faid the top of the Mountain 
 forms itfelf into a hollow Plain, with a gentle declivity inwards 
 to a Pitt, which has lately fallen in, and is without Bottom ; 
 here the Natives have built a Town, and, indeed, it appears. 
 
 few more agreeable fituations are to be found. 
 
 S o L o o. 
 
 To
 
 O O L O, 
 13 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 511 
 
 To the Weftward, between Tooky and Temontangis, there is 
 a peaked Hummock named Hesgang-dn, not high, though 
 woody. 
 
 To the Eaftward of Tooky there are feveral Hills; the 
 moft remarkable is Taleeporw, which in beauty of appearance 
 furpafles all the others ; It is of a good height, though not 
 equal to many others on the Ifland, but the Southern fide of 
 it is half Wood Land, with Savannahs, and the other half 
 cleared, with a flrcak of Wood, running down in a ferpentine 
 Line, from top to bottom : This is now aUnoft the only 
 Place on the Ifland where there are Elephants, the Deftruclion 
 they make in the Plantations, having induced the N itivcs to 
 kill all they can meet with, and for this Purpofe they have 
 inftituted a Grand-Hunting-Match, when their Harveft is 
 over. 
 
 Dahow, is a pretty high round Hill, almoft in the Center of the 
 IVeJiern Penlnfula; on the Top of it is a large Plain, wheie 
 a Town is built, and the Mountain being fteep, there are 
 fteps cut for the facility of afcending it ; this fituation very 
 naturally influences the Inhabitants to Theft, as they have a 
 fecure retreat, in their Mountain, for the Cattle they plunder 
 from their more open, not more honeft. Neighbours. 
 
 Between Dahow and Temontangis, though nearer the Fort, 
 are feveral Hills, very remarkable in the Profpcd they form, 
 as expreffed in the View from the Bay ; one of the two flat 
 ones, named Data, was the Retreat of the Chief Sooloos 
 during the Spanijh Invafion, when they eftablilbed fome Forts 
 on the Ifland. The View alfo reprefents the other Hills to 
 Seenomaan better, than many Words could defcribe them. 
 
 6 R Dakola
 
 S O O L o. 
 
 512 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Dakola is a fmall Woody Hill, detached from all others, and 
 fituated near the Bottom of Booal Bdj. Uroot, Tandoo, and 
 the Chain between them to the Southward, are chiefly 
 remarkable for the Beauty and Diverfity of Profped. 
 
 The Country fituated between the various Hills, is not a 
 dead Flat ; but waved Plains, cultivated in many Places, 
 verdant in all; well watered with Streams, which difembogue 
 themfelves on every fide, and well adapted for the Produce of 
 Sugar-Canes, Grain, &c. The Soil is in general a ftiff loomy 
 black, or red. Mould, though from the Fort to Temontangis it 
 is very {liallow, and fcarcely ftrewed over the Iron Stones, 
 though even this part yields good Pafture, and Woods of 
 Teak, though generally ftinted in their growth, by burning 
 the Land, which is done here to entice the Deer, by the 
 young herbage that (hoots up from the Afhes. There are 
 befides many Reeds, which would form excellent Thatch for 
 Houfes. 
 
 The Hufbandry of Sooloo is very far from being adequate 
 to the natural Advantages ; for want of a little Afliftance to 
 Nature, it often happens that their Crops fail them, in a dry 
 Seafon ; whereas, were they to ufc the leaft degree of Induftry, 
 to coUeft and preferve their Water, they would never be in 
 danger of Famine, but in wet Seafons would have Crops 
 fuperiour to now, and as good in dry ones, whereas now it 
 fometimes happens a Field is not worth reaping. 
 
 The aptnefs of the Soil to run into Grafs, is alfo another 
 inconvenience they have to ftruggle with, for if they cultivate 
 the fame Ground, two or three Years following, the Grafs 
 choaks the Paddy. This prevents them from grubbing up the 
 Roots of the Trees, and the Land having been burnt, the 
 
 Branches
 
 O L O 0. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 513 
 
 Branches are left bare without Leaves-, which has the appearance 
 of Barrennefs at a diftance. 
 
 There are many Towns on the Sea-fnoar, though inland 
 they are chiefly in ftragling Huts : To the Eaftward of 
 SooLoo, on the North Coafl, Patecule* Heegajen and Tagleebee; 
 on Booal-Bay, Boo)iboon, Soo-ok, and fome other Towns, Boca/, 
 Sapa,;g, Karang Karaiig ; On the SE Tandoo; on Saa>ig-Bay, 
 Puteboolan ; Maymboom on the South ; Parang, &c. on the 
 Weft: and on the NW, Senogaan, Kan-jea, Bato-bato, and 
 Matanda. 
 
 1. No/a Sale is a fmall low Woody Ifland, clofe to the 
 Point of Parang Bay. 
 
 2. TooleaH, a fmall, though pretty high, rocky Ifland, in fhape 
 like a flipper. There are here many painted Snakes, which 
 crawl into their Veflels that lye a night at this Ifland. 
 
 3. Bankoongan is pretty high and covered with Wood, but 
 appears very Rocky and barren. It has a fifliing Hut or two 
 on the South fide. 
 
 4. Panganak is merely a Rock covered with Shrubs. 
 
 5. Koohangan has no Inhabitants; it appears like two Iflands, 
 there being a low Ifthmus in the middle : It is very woody. 
 
 6. Toolyan is high land. The Hills form an Amphitheatre with 
 a large Valley in the middle, to which two or three breaks 
 between the Hills, form a Paflage ; particularly on the South 
 part where there is a large Plain, between the Peak Hdl and 
 the Green Ridge, covered with Woods : The Ifland is not 
 
 at 
 
 ^ * Patekool is the name of a Hill, The name of ihe To-xn is Kc^-nyaiu
 
 514 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 at prefent inhabited, but formerly it was, and had then many 
 Cattle, Coconut, and other Fruit Trees, which were deftroyed 
 by the Spaniards, in their laft Expedition againft Sooloo. 
 
 The Woods are not in general large towards the Shoar; 
 they arc of various kinds, and many of them good Timber ; 
 The Alexandrian Laurel is common enough, and by much the 
 largeft I have feen; one of them, growing on the Shoar, 
 being above two fathom in circumference : There are feveral 
 Foot Trees on the Idand : the Leaves are dark green, pretty 
 large arui high ribbed ; the Dammer is in general as white 
 as Milk ; and has the confiftency, and fomewhat of the fmell, 
 of Turpentine, it feems to oufe entirely from the Bark. 
 
 The Shoar is, in fome Places, fo deep that a large Ship 
 may careen by it, but the Ifland is but ill fupplied with 
 Water : The Bay is very commodious and fecurc for a few 
 Ships. 
 
 7. Boolekootln, which forms, with part of SooLoo, a Harbour 
 for fraall Veffels, is a low woody Ifland without Water. 
 
 8. A'rt/>oo<?/ is inhabited, and produces confiderable quantities of 
 Paddy; it is pretty high Land, with Woods of very large 
 fine Timber, and has plenty of Deer. 
 
 9. Beeteenan is not fo high as Kapooal, but little different 
 from it otherwife. 
 
 10. Saang are feveral fmall rocky Keys, which form a Cove 
 with the South Coaft of SooLoo, but whether there be Depth 
 
 Sooloo, within, or any Paffage through them, is uncertain, 
 
 16 11. Dong-dong
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 515 
 
 11. Dong-dong is a long low woody Ifland, at the SE end 
 are feveral Rocks above Water. 
 
 12. Tamhoolean is a fmall low woody Ifland, which feems to 
 have a RifF all round it. 
 
 13. Pata is a pretty large inhabited Ifland, off Saang-Bay : 
 The Weftern part is high Land ; the Eaft low. It has a 
 good Stock, of Cattle, and, it is faid, one very old Elephant: 
 There are 3 Pitts of very white Salt-Petre Earth, which 
 yields ■{- of Petre. 
 
 14. Dammookan is another fmall low woody Ifland, clofe to 
 the North End of Pata. 
 
 15. Loombooean, fimilar to the former, and clofe to it. 
 
 16. Patean is tolerably high, abounds with Water, and is 
 reported to have a Cove, with Depth of Water for any Ship, 
 on the Eaft fide, which fronts the Coaft of Sooloo, and is 
 therefore land-locked. 
 
 17. Teoomabal is a low woody Ifland. 
 
 The Tafool IJles comprehend, North and South Kabing-aan, 
 Talook, lapocl, Booleepoug-pong, Soolaclde, Tar a, Seeajpe, Naaka, 
 Lanienoofa, Parang-parangan, Seebeehing, Karang China, Mamobol, 
 Lapak, Pandamme, and Seerloom. 
 
 18. The Kabiiig-aan's are two low woody Iflands, with a Chain 
 
 19. of Rocks, like Haycocks, running from one to the other. 
 Sooloo. 
 
 17 6 8 20. Talook
 
 >. 
 
 S^* ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 20. ^ralooh is clofe to them and is fimibr : all three arc 
 lemaikable for plenty of Fifli. 
 
 21. Tapc-oi is a high Ifland, abounding with frefh Water, fmall 
 Cattle, Goats and Yams, being cultivated to the very top : 
 The Natives, derived from the Inland of Sooloo, retain fome 
 peculiar Laws and Cuftoms, though not very worthy to be 
 imitated. 
 
 22. Booleepcngpong is a high lAand alfo, but appears more 
 woody than Tapool. 
 
 23. Sooladdee is a low woody Ifland, without frefli Water. 
 
 24. Tara is nothing more than a high Rock, with a 
 few Shrubs. 
 
 25. Seeaffee is a high Ifland, cloathed with Woods, but cleared 
 in many Places ; It is inhabited, and well fupplitxl with 
 Frefli Water. It yields many fmall Cowries, and fmall Baat, 
 named Sceajfee. 
 
 26. Nanka is a fmall Hummock, but pretty high and woody.^ 
 
 27. Lameenoofa has a Beach of very bright white Sand, but 
 -ivithin feems entirely covered with Wood, it is not high, 
 though above the level of the Iflands to the Southward. 
 
 28. 29. Parangparangan, Seebeehing and Karang China, are all low 
 30. and woody, with a fandy Beach : It is very difficult, in pafTmg. 
 
 them, to determine their Limits or Number ; as great part 
 Sooloo. appears a low fandy Ridge with tufts of Trees here and there, 
 
 which 
 18
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 517 
 
 which look like fo many Iflands. Pararigparangan is very low, 
 with feme Spots of bright white Sand, which look like 
 Breakers ; between it and Lamrenoofj, there is a dry Sand 
 Bank, named l^ooiiian. Thefe Illands form a Harbour with. 
 Seeaffee, but it is reported to be (hallow. 
 
 31. Manoobol is a final! low woody Ifland. 
 
 32. Lapak is high, and cloathed with Woods, it appears, 
 with Seeajfee, to form good Shelter from the SW and NE 
 Winds, and is barred from the South by Shoals, which join 
 the two Iflands. 
 
 33. PanJanme is defcribed to be a fmall Sand, with a few 
 Buflies, clofe to Lapak. 
 
 34. And Seerloom, a fmall Ifland, adjacent to It. 
 
 The Piingootaran IJles are, Pangoctara/i, Oobeean, Teekool^ 
 Ocfadda., Kooneelaan, Bas-bas, MaJcpMtbas, PanJookaii, Koolajfian, 
 Bo)booan, Toobigan, Tatakooaan, Teotnabal, Taweetaivee, Labat- 
 iahat, Kaangan, Palleeangan, Tong-Tong, Maroongas, Sookokon- 
 Bohd, Hcgad, and Meenis. 
 
 35 Pafigootaran, formerly fettled by the Spaniards, who left a 
 Breed of large Hogs, is about 10' lor>g, and at the South 
 End where broadeft, near half that in breadth, it is deftitute 
 aot only of Harbours, but even of (heltcr for Ships, it being 
 fteep, to a very fmall diftance, on every fide. It is very well 
 inhabited, bv Slaves and Vaffals of the Siihan, Ora,:kyMalUck, &c. 
 The chief Town, named Maglocob, is fituated on the Eaft fide, 
 o L o o. ^ Vntlc in from the Shoar, though there are fome houfes near 
 
 the Beach. There are feveral White Coral and Sand Banks 
 19 off
 
 5i8 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 off this part of the Ifland, with fmall Channels through them, 
 which, at high water, admit large Boats into the Ihallow Lagmcs, 
 formed by thefe Banks and the Shoar, which are fccure from 
 all weather. The Ifland is an entire Bed of Coral-Rock, 
 with fcarce any appearance of Soil upon it, and every where 
 fo fliallow, that the People who die here are removed to fome 
 of the other Iflands to be interred. However, although there 
 be fo little Soil, there are plenty of fine Timber Trees, which 
 are in general very lofty, and have many Doves and other 
 Birds on them. The Ifland abounds with Coconut Trees, 
 which are very tall and fruitful, this is an infinite benefit to 
 the Inhabitants, as the Ifland is deftitute of good Frefli Water: 
 In the dry Seafon it is very fait, and is not to be drank by 
 any but themfelves, though they, it is pretended, like it better 
 than other Water ; but, in the rainy Seafon it is only brackifli. 
 Notwithfl:anding this deficiency of Water, and want of Soil, 
 this Ifland has plenty of Cattle, which, though fmall, are 
 very fatj they have alfo many fine Goats, and plenty of Fowls. 
 The Chief Perfon of MaglocoFs Houfe was built, according 
 to the Eaftern Stile, on Pods, but for this purpofe, inftead of 
 finking them in the Ground, which the Nature of the 
 Country rendered difficult and unftable, he had made choice 
 of a Spot, where four Trees grew at the Didance required, 
 and, having lopped off their Heads, upon them his Palace was 
 built, and perhaps fomething of this kind may have given rife 
 to the Reports, of People living in Trees. 
 
 A little to the Southward of Maglocoh is Bayt-bayt, 
 
 confifling only of two or three Houfes, the mod remarkable 
 
 thing here, is a Coconut growing within a large Tree, 
 
 the Trunk being entirely concealed, 'till the Branches of the 
 
 _ Tree fpread, 
 
 S O O L o o. 
 
 20 . 3^* Oobeean
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 519 
 
 36. Oobeeati h the largdl of the Iflands, on the South fide of the 
 Strait y which divides them from Pangootaran ; it is reported 
 to be divided by feveral Creeks, and about the middle has 
 one Tree, diftinguifl-iably higher than the reft. 
 
 37. Tetkool is the higheft of thefe Iflands, but is without any 
 Hill ; it is fmall and almoft round ; the Eaft End is 
 loweft. 
 
 38. XiofaMa is alfo low and woody ; the Trees are higheft in 
 the middle, both ends being lower, and looking, at a diftance, 
 like other Iflands behind it ; the Eaft fide, particularly, is 
 very fmooth and low. 
 
 39. Kooneelaan, and 
 
 40. Bas-bas, are both low woody Ifles. 
 
 41. Maleepotbas is alfo low and woody, it has Shoals all round, 
 which extead above two miles to the NWeftward. 
 
 42. PandooTtan, which is low and woody, is inhabited, and is 
 reported to have a Salt-water Lake in the interiour part : ' 
 Off the South Points are two Spits of ftioal Water, and \ 
 between them a Bank with tolerable anchorage, within -J- of a 
 mile from the Shoar. The North End is fhoal a good way, for 
 at leaft -I- a mile, there being only a fathoms, and for a little 
 diftance, from the NW Point of Pandookan, it is dry, 
 
 43. Koolajfian is a low woody Ifland, deftitute of Water and 
 Inhabitants. 
 
 44. Toobigan is a fmall woody Ifland, with a little rifing in 
 the middle ; it has frefli Water, and it only, of all the 
 Iflands from Sooloo to Pangootaran. 
 
 ^ O o L 0. AS' Teomabal is low and woody. 
 
 21 6 T 46. Patakoonan
 
 520 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 46. Patakoonan is alfo low and woody : Near the Weft End on 
 the North fide, there is a large, and, to appearance, deep 
 Lagune ; there are feveral Sand Banks off the North Coaft, 
 which are high out of the Water, particularly near the Eaft 
 end of the Ifland, and form feveral fecure Coves for Boats. 
 On the Banks are fo many Sea-Fowl, that 14 were killed 
 at one Shot. 
 
 47. Boobooan has a round Hummock on the North Point, and 
 in the interiour part a Salt-water Lake ; it is very woody : 
 There are fome People on it. 
 
 48. Taiveetcnvee is a fmall low woody Ifland. 
 
 49. Lahat-lahaty fimilar to it, is adjacent to the Eaft part 
 of Palkeangan, as 
 
 50. Kaangan, ftill fmaller, is to the North. 
 
 51. Palkeangan, is a low woody Illand, the part fronting the SW 
 is a long ftreight fandy Beach : in the middle of the Ifland is a 
 Salt-water Lake ; off the Weftern part is a little Ifland, named 
 
 52. 'Tong-tong, feparated from Palkeangan by a narrow Channel, 
 paflTable for Boats at high Water. 
 
 53. Maroongas is pretty high and rocky, except the Eaftern 
 part, which is low and woody ; there are fome Fnjit 
 Plantations on it. 
 
 54. Sokokon-Bolod, is remarkable for two Hills on the South 
 Coaft ; the Weftern and Northern part of the Ifland is chiefly 
 low and flooded ; which affords a conveniency for making 
 much Salt. 
 
 55. Hegad is a low woody Ifland, as is 
 
 56. Meenis, which is fteep, very clofe to the fhoar, and then 
 furrounded with Ihoal water : It is very difficult to land ; 
 being, almoft every where, furrounded with Beds of Coral, dry 
 at low water. 
 
 Aluioft all thefe Iflands have great plenty of Turtle. 
 2 a The 
 
 S o L o o.
 
 O O L O O. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 521 
 
 The following Iflands ought properly to come under the 
 Clafs of the Sooloo IJles, but as their Defcription is entirely 
 from Bahatol's Report, it appeared more eligible to fpeak of 
 them apart. * 
 
 57. To the SWeftward of Bas-bas, 4' or 5', is a round 
 Ifland, named Toobaloobook, on the Southern fide it is 
 without Trees. 
 
 Between thefe two Iflands, is the Sunken IJlandy Jpo-Lamboo', 
 within the Memory of Man, it was above Water, but is now, 
 where fhoaleft, 4 fathom under the Surface. It had a Lake 
 3 fathoms deep in the middle, without any Entrance through. 
 the Bank of Sand, which furrounded it, and was covered with 
 Trees : A hard Storm overwhelmed the Ifland, the Trees, 
 which are all dead, being ftill vifible under Water. 
 58- Toogbdbas is 5' or 6' to the Weftward of Toobaloobook, 
 
 and is fimilar to it, having no Trees on the Southfide 
 
 To the Weftward are a Clufter of Iflands, about 
 10' diftant. 
 
 59. Keeneekel:an, about the fize of Too^babas, covered with 
 Trees. 
 
 60. Dockan, a long low Ifland, as is 
 
 61. Laparan, adjacent to it. 
 
 62. Karaocgan, round and fomewhat lefs than Keeneekehan, and 
 to the Eaft of them 
 
 63. A Rock like t^Iean, without Soundings at half a mile 
 diftance, named Deotobato. 
 
 To the Southward of Toogbabas, is another Clufter of low 
 Iflands, lying in a Circle upon a Bank, where they collect 
 
 64. Baat, or Sea-flug, &c. They are named Dammy, Seen-gaan, 
 & Dafaan, Mammanook, Bambannan, which has two little Iflands, 
 
 72. named Lahat-lahat, adjacent to it, Billangacm, and Oowaan. 
 
 Samar 
 
 * Thefe IJlandi I have fincc feen, but I think it molt expedient to omit 
 J, for the prefent the Obfervations then made; but I muft take notice that the 
 
 Defcription here given appears to be inaccurate.
 
 52i ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Samar Laut contains Ma>won^-oot, Bangao, Seemeejfa, San^-eta^-e^ 
 ATamanook, Parool, Tongkecl, Mamud, Bookootoa, B^/awn, 
 Halooloocoo, Tap'iantana, Laiiawan, Boobooan, and Duohohd. 
 
 •j^. A£aiwo>!g-oot is a fmall round Hummock Ifland, and is the 
 Weftcmmoft of the S^nar Laut Iflands> thofe to the 
 Eaftward, in general, are deftitute of Water, and are chiefly 
 inhabited by Bajows, who colleft the produce of the adjacent 
 Seas, which chiefly confifts in Pearl-Oyfters and Cowries. 
 They are all low and wood}', except 
 
 74, Mamud, which has a little Hill. 
 
 75. 76. Belazon and Bookootoa, clofc together, both of good 
 height, the former very much refembling the Great Sanghy, 
 or Hares-Ear. 
 
 77. Halooloocoo, is of a pretty good height, though no Hills. 
 
 78. Tapeantana, Lanawan and Boobooan, are three Hills, the 
 
 79. middle the leaft ; the other two exaftly of the fame 
 
 80. height and appearance. 
 
 81. Duabolod, which fignlfies Two Hills, are two fmall 
 
 82. high Rocky Iflands, covered with Bulhes. 
 
 Sect. 2. Baseelan. 
 
 Bafeelan IJlands, befides the fmall Ifles around Bafeelan, of 
 which we have not the Detail, comprehend Bafeelan, and 
 Peelas ijles. 
 
 83. Bafeelan, has a range of Mountains in the middle, but 
 towards the Coaft it appears low ; the whole feems veiy 
 
 woody, and being but thinly inhabited, it's Productions are 
 not confiderable, or well known : It is faid there is Mafl!aroong 
 there ; Grain it yields in plenty. Cowries are abundant, but 
 thefe are the Chief Productions I hr»ve heard of, and the 
 24 whole 
 
 S o o L o o
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 523 
 
 whole Ifland, being deftirute of Harbours * it is of lefs 
 Confequence than its Extent and Situation would give room 
 to imagine : I cannot enter into a minute Defcription of 
 the Ifland, and therefore leave it. 
 
 The Peeks IJlands comprehend Peelas, with feveral low 
 
 woody Iflands adjacent to it, Ballook-ballook, The Great and 
 
 Little Sa>igboy, or Hare's-Ears, Teyng-a, Kalublub, and Dafaan, 
 
 with the Salleeoolakii, and Peelas Rocks. All the Iflands are woody 
 
 and without fixed Inhabitants, being, in general, deftitute of Water. 
 
 ^2. Peelas is a pretty large Ifland, of good height, and appears 
 
 to have a good Harbour on the South fide, but the Ifland 
 
 is defcribed to be deftitute of Water. It ) ields great plenty 
 
 of Cowries. 
 
 84. The North end of Ballock-baUook is a pretty high round Hill, 
 with low Land on the South, the Ifland is without Water. 
 
 85. The Sangboys are two pretty high woody Iflands, and are 
 
 86. faid to have frefli Water. 
 
 87. D-afam is low and very woody, fome of the Trees are 
 large Timber, and Ebony is to be found here, as well as in 
 all the neighbouring Iflands. It produces great plenty of 
 Cowries, and fome Keema. 
 
 88. Kalublub is larger than Dafaan, but otherwife much alike. 
 The Salleeoolakkit are five Rocks. The largeft, at fome 
 
 diftance from the others, is a Heap of Marble Rocks, with 
 a few Shrubs and Tufts of Grafs, fhooting out of the Cliffs. 
 It is the habitation of multitudes of Sea-Fowl, whofe Eggs 
 are in great abundance, -f- 
 
 ■'oo" 
 
 S 
 
 ECT. 
 
 3- 
 
 ♦ This is a Miftake, for Malozn may be reckoned ont, 
 t There are many other IJJands in the vicinity oi Peelas and Baseflan 
 befides thofe named ; but I have not thought it expedient, to alter the MS 
 2 - ^y 'l>s addition of Thofe, of which I had no knowledge at that time. 
 
 "* 6 U 
 
 ^ L O
 
 524 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Sect. 3. Taweetawee. 56 Iflands. 
 
 The Taweetawee 7/?fl«^j arc very numerous, and may be 
 diftinguiflicd into two Clafles. Taueetazvee and Sibooto, fome 
 (particularly favsectaixee itfelf) of confiderable extent ; fomc^ 
 of them high, many low, and not a few mere Rocks. 
 
 Their Number, Names, and Situation, are not well enough 
 defcribed to permit a minute Detail, thofe mentioned to me, 
 are : 
 
 Tazveetawee,Seemaloak,Coo-adbaJangTattaan,Seepyo'>k,Bookootlapees, 
 Bangao, Noofapapabag, Tangoo, Mancokmanka, Simoiior, Sa'i^y/eeapo, 
 La, Samampoot, Doolangdoolang, Lupa B.tan, Teeheckteeheck, Babag- 
 foTvka, Beelattan, Bajfeeboollee , Panampangan, Banarran, Mantabooan, 
 Latoan, Sekooboom, Bozu-tuan, Kalampapahan Kalaeetan, Oobeean, 
 "Tabooaan, Beettlocolan, Keenapoojfan, Magpeos, Tagao, Looran, 
 Tankolalocan, taiidoo Batto, Bdlleeoongan, Tato, Batotapak, 
 Naitkaan, Gooleemaan, Pozvmaban, Kaiigtecpyan, Tambagaan, Sigboye 
 Kakataan, Parangan, Tapaan, Magloomba Manincolat, Babawan, 
 and Btibuan. 
 
 The Circumftances, reported to me of thefe Iflands, are to 
 follow. 
 
 In the interior part of taweetaxvee, there is a Lake, named 
 Latidn 1'oong-ang, with an Ifland in the middle, which in one 
 Place approaches fo near the Main, that the roots of a large 
 Tree there, hangs over the Ifland, and affords a palfage to 
 fugitive Slaves, who have fixed themfelves on the Ifland. 
 The Lake is full of Crocodiles. 
 
 There is another Lake, on the Ifland, of more Confequence; 
 it is nair.ed Doongon, and was for fome time the Refidence 
 of Sultan Badarodin, (from thence commonly called Sultan 
 Doongon) two Rivers fall into the Lake, and the Coaft between 
 26 them 
 
 S L o o.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 525 
 
 them is ftcep rocky Cliff's, the Lake is frefh, at low Water, 
 and has 8 fathoms. The River, leading from it to the Sea, 
 has 5, 6, and 7 fathoms. But on the Bar, which is of 
 black Sand, only i^ at low Water, and about 4 at the 
 height of Springs. 
 
 Tmifan Doolangdoolang adjacent to Doongon, has very many 
 large Pearl Oyfters. 
 
 The Chain of Iflands on the SE fide of Taweetawee are all 
 low, with an infinite number of Shoals between them and 
 taweetawee, through which the Channels have 6,7, and 8 fathoms, 
 but are extremely intricate and fo narrow, that the Chinefe Junks 
 ufed, in fome Places, to be puflied on, with Poles. Thefe Gutts 
 are the moft valuable Pearl Filhery, as acceffible at all times, 
 and Fifli of various kinds are amazingly plentiful, and of 
 great fizc. 
 
 The Ifland Taweeiazvee, has but few People, but abounds 
 with excellent Timber. 
 
 Samamppot has many Alligators. 
 
 Nnofa Pababag is low and uninhabited, it is rocky in the, 
 middle, and deflitute of Water. 
 
 Simonor has plenty of Manatee. 
 
 Tankalalooan, is fo called from the number of Oyfters. 
 
 T^agaoy Hcai IJland, from a fuppofed fimilitude to a Man's 
 Head. 
 
 The Names of feveral of the Iflands are fo immodeft, that 
 
 it would be improper to Ihew their Nakednefs by a Tranflation : 
 
 The moft obfcene parts of the Human Frame, give Name to 
 
 fome, from a real or fuppofed Refemblance, and others derive 
 
 o o L o o. jj^gjj. _Appellation from Accidents the moft indecent. 
 
 2 7 Magpeos
 
 526 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 AJagpcos is a fingle Mountain. 
 
 Looran, a fmall Hill, inhabited. 
 
 Si^bye is high Land, but dellitute of Water. 
 
 Tambagaan, which is fituated between it and 'taweetawee, is 
 not very high, but has good water. 
 
 Kangteepyan are two fmall Iflands, lefs than SoolaJc/ee, lying 
 Eaft and Weft, parallel to each other ; the Southern has a 
 ledge of Rocks on the Souchfide, making a Harbour for 
 fmall Veffels. 
 
 Bubiian has in the middle a Lake, and the River which 
 leads to it is on the NW fidej the Ifland is about the fize 
 of Tapool. 
 
 Kakataan, about the fize of Afinis, is a low woody Island, 
 fo infefted with Mufquitoes, that the Sooloo's are aiFraid 
 to go near it. 
 
 Magloomba, is a fmall Island which produces Birds Nefts ; 
 There is an Entrance at top, but too fmall to admit a Man, 
 the People who go to gather the Nefts, therefore, dive under 
 Water, and pafs under the Cliffs, where there is a PafTage 
 into the Cave. 
 
 Although the greateft part of Palawan be under the Sooloo 
 Dominion, yet I cannot enter into a minute Defcription : 
 The Country, in general, is defcribed to be plain and flat to 
 the bottom of the Hills, and no country in this Quarter abounds 
 more in valuable Produdions: The Canes are efteemed the fineft 
 in the World, Cowries are very plent)'. Wax, Tortoife-fhcll, 
 Baat, or Sea-flug, &c. are in abundance. Moftof the Jdaanlive 
 on the Eaft-fide, for which reafon it is beft frequented, but as 
 there are few Bajoivs, the utmoft Benefit is not derived from the 
 *8 innumerable 
 
 Sooloo
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 527 
 
 innumerable Banks there. There has been lately found the 
 T^enJQo, which is the Gum, or Refin, of a very large Tree, 
 It much rcfembles Amber, and 40 or 50 Pecul may be had of 
 K yearly. * There is much Ebony and Laka, and it is faid there 
 are Hot Springs and Mines of Gold. The Weft fide is chiefly 
 inhabited by a favage People, who feldom frequent the Coaft. 
 
 The SooLoo Dominions on Borneo are diftinguiflied into 
 Four Diftrifts; Tiroon, Mangeedara, Malloodoo and Keeney- 
 Balloo or Pappal. 
 
 The firft extends from Kanneoongan to Sibocoo, which is the 
 laft River of Tiroon. 
 
 Mang-eedara extends from Sibocoo Northward to towfan 
 Duyon. 
 
 Malloodoo, comprehends the North end of the Ifland, and 
 Pappal, the Diftrids adjacent to Borneo Proper. However, 
 the Limits of each are not very definite. 
 
 Befides, thefe Diftrids on the Main, there are many Islands 
 adjacent to almoft every part of it, which I propofe to mention 
 in fuccefllon to the Diftrid they are neareft. 
 
 TiROON. 
 
 The Coaft is all low Mangrovy Land, the Mountains, very 
 diftant in-ftioar, are inhabited by Idaan; All the Country is 
 covered with the Sago Trees, which, being the chief Suftenance 
 of the Natives, they plant in great Numbers every Year, to 
 prevent any deficiency, as they are long in growing. The 
 Rivers are many, very large and navigable. The Produce 
 of the Country is chiefly Sago, and Birds Nefts, both which 
 are in great perfedion and abundance : It alfo yields Wax, 
 Canes, Rattans, Marts, Honey, and fome parts of it Gold, 
 Goolega, and Baat or Sea-Slug : And it is affirmed there is 
 great plenty of Salt-Petre. And many Capis. 
 o L o o. The 
 
 29 * Tcnjoo, is little difterent from Gum Copal, 
 
 6 X
 
 S O O L O 0. 
 
 30 
 
 528 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The firfl: River of Tiroon is Tapeanduriaii, or Tapedwian, 
 chiefly remarkable for the bad difpofition of its Inhabitants. 
 
 The next is a fmall River named Samonlay, and to the 
 Northward of it 
 
 Dumaring, which is a confiderable Place. A little farther is 
 
 Talifyan, to the Northward whereof is a Point with a Hill 
 towards the Shoar. There are fcveral Banks along the Coaft, 
 where they colleift Boat. 
 
 The next River is a very large one, fometimes called 
 Barow, and fometimes Curan, from different places near it ; the 
 Firft is an Independant State, in Alliance with Sooloo, the 
 other is fubjeft to Sooloo : The River has 3 fathoms at the 
 Mouth, but there are feveral Shoals which require a Pilot. 
 There is a confiderable Trade, in Coconuts, carried on from 
 Ituallee on Celebes, to Barow, which they call Barong ; according 
 to their Accounts, the River is very deep within, and the 
 Country yields much Birds Nefts, and other valuable Commodities : 
 But, though the Sooloos agree in the magnitude of the River, 
 they deny that the Country is of much Confequence with refpeft 
 to its Produce. This River is in the bottom of a deep Bay, 
 the Land running from thence to the Eaftvvard, terminating 
 in a Point of Red Land, called on that account, Tanim Mera, 
 off which are many Islands. The Northern part of this 
 Point is called Sabannooug, from whence the Lands runs as 
 much to the Weflward to a large River named Baroongaii, or 
 Booloongan, which is a confiderable Place, formerly under Pajfv^ 
 and, befides the common Produce of Tiroon, yields much Gold ; 
 a very rich Mine having been lately difcovered. It alfo yields 
 Earth-Oil. 
 
 Adjacent to this is Sicatack or Lalawang, it is reprefented 
 to be a fine Bay, into which the fmall River of Tolangang 
 
 fails
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 5Z9 
 
 falls on the Southfide, and that of MuHtabidiiig on the North : 
 The Productions of this Place are 100 Pecul Black Bird's Nefts, 
 befides a little White, and the other Tiroort Commodities. 
 
 There are many Islands, clofe to this part of the Coaft, 
 where the River of LeeleedoHg difembogues itfelf into the Sea; 
 one of thefe named Tarakkan, yields 20 or 30 Jars of Earth-Oil 
 ^ Annum. This River is capable of receiving the largeft 
 Ships, and is very populous, * it is fometimes named Leo, 
 and Lcedong, from different Places (ituated on it : Inland it 
 produces much Rice, which they fell, living on Sago as in 
 other parts of Tiroon. 
 
 There is, adjacent to this Place, another Red Land, called 
 alfo Tanna Mera. 
 
 Sambacoong, which, according to the Sul/an's Account, yields 
 above 20 Pcculs of Bird's Nefts. It is alfo a large River, 
 though Lefs than Leo, but it has fome Shoals at the Entrance, 
 and feveral Islands divided by Creeks, and covered with Neepa 
 Trees. The outermoft of the Islands, which terminates in a 
 (harp Point, is named Pedadda, it forms, on the South, Sibocoo 
 Bay, in which the River difembogues. 
 
 Sibocoo River, -}- is larger than Sambacoong, but is faid to 
 have fome Shoals at the Entrance : The Current is very 
 rapid, fo that the Tide never runs up, the Flood only flackening 
 the Stream. All thefe Rivers are very deep within. Off this 
 
 River's 
 
 * (Bantila?i) io,ooo People, 25 Peculs Bird's Neils, Wax, Sago and 
 Boory Marts. 
 
 •f Sihocoo has more than 30 Towns inland ; produces 40 Peculs of 
 S O O L O 0» Birds Neft, according to Allimodin, 50 Pecul by Bantilan's Account, 100 
 Peculs Wax, Canes, Rattan?, very fine Sago, Honey, and Boory Alatcs, 
 31 and 1000 People.
 
 530 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 River's Mouth are fituated two pretty large Iflands, named 
 Samangkanoo, or Samakadoo, and SeebaUick, the laft is high, and 
 yields much Dammer. 
 
 The Maratua IJlands are fix in Number, AlanUua, Kakabban^ 
 Sang-alakee, Seemamak, Dalawan, or Darawaii^ P? Panjangj 
 and Raboo-raboo. 
 
 « 
 
 Maratua is moderately high, without Hills, and has fome 
 Wells of frefh Water, made by the Sooloos, who go thither to 
 coUedt Sea-Slug, which is in great plenty on the Banks near it ; 
 it produces alfo great plenty of Coolit-Lawang, or Clove-bark, 
 there being fcarce any other Trees on it ; there are alfo very curious 
 Corallines found there, plenty of Keema, and fome Teepy. 
 
 Adjacent to Tapeandiirian, there are fome fmall Islands, and 
 an infinite number of Shoals, on which they find great plenty 
 of Baat. 
 
 There are alfo feveral Islands and Banks near Kivi/ieoongaHy 
 but that part of the Coaft not being inhabited, they are little 
 frequented. 
 
 Mang-eedara. 
 
 The Diftrift of Mangeedara is the moft Eaftern of Borneo, 
 extending itfelf towards the Sooloo Archipelago, in a long 
 narrow Point, called Unjang: This Diftrict produces Bird's 
 Nefts, Wax, Lack a- Wood, Dammer, and plenty of very fine 
 Gold, which is foft like Wax; the moft remarkable Place 
 for this is Talajfatn, within Geeong, but the River difembogues 
 into the North Sea, between Tambeefan and Saiuiakan. 
 
 The Firft River in Mangeedara is I'awao, oppofite to the 
 
 Sooloo. ^^1^"^ Seebattick, to the Eaftward of this is a Point with a high 
 
 Land named Bira>ig, and adjacent to it a River called Pallafs, 
 
 52 at
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 531 
 
 at which Place are many Cattle. * The Land from thence to' 
 Geeong Bay, is divided by Creeks into feveral Islands, the 
 Soiithernmoft and largefl: is called Cooly Babang, the Northern- 
 nioft Tama Baloo, the Southern Point of it, is named Tanjong 
 Timban Malta. 
 
 Geeong Bay is very large, and has many Iflands, and 
 feme Shoals : There are feveral Hills around it, the firfl: 
 called Madai, has a Birds-Neft cave ; the next, on the Weft 
 fide, a high one, named Bcod See/am ; towards the NW part 
 of the Bay, is the River of Geeong, where there is much 
 Birds-Neft, but blackifti. There is another River beyond 
 this, named Ling-gang; beyond it, there is a pretty large 
 River, and to the Eaftward a low Mangrovy Point, which 
 terminates the Bay of Geeong. 
 
 The South Coaft of Unfang, from hence to the Eaftern 
 Extremity of Borneo, has many Bays and Rivers. 
 
 Salooroong is a fmall Bay, with two Reefs at the Points, 
 extending a confiderablc way off. 
 
 Babatoo is a fmall River, where is plenty of wild Cattle, 
 
 Malaboong is another River adjacent to it. 
 
 Tooncoo is the next, and 
 
 Secbait the laft- 
 
 Off this part of Mangeedara are many Islands and Shoals, 
 which yield Baat, the moft remarkable of the Islands are, 
 P° Gaya, which has many Deer; and Seeparran, plenty of 
 Green Turtle. 
 
 Unfang 
 
 * At Coopang, Thoufands of Cattle, fome Horfcs and Liflang mixed : 
 They have made a rut about a fathom deep, fo that they may be caj^ht 
 L 0. ''* *"y number by Hopping it up. When the Horfct appear it it a fign 
 the Cattle follow. Oranky Maltick. 
 
 33 6 Y
 
 5S2 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Unfang terminates Eaftward in a Bluff Point, at the NE 
 part whereof is a fmali Island, named T'ambcefan , forming a 
 Harbour capable of admitting Ships of confidcrable fize. 
 The Main adjacent yields plenty of fine Timber, particularly 
 Alexandrian Laurel, feme Trees of which are 2 to 3 fathoms 
 in Circumference. 
 
 The North Coafh of Unfang has many Bays, but none which 
 afford flielter in the Northerly Winds. There are on this Coafl: 
 many large Rivers, 30 in number from Tambeefan to Sandakan, 
 all (except Maroak) Branches of the Kinabatangan River, 
 which comes from the Lake of Keeney Balloo. The 4 Weftern 
 Branches are the mofl: confidcrable, and of all, the lafl 'TowfanAba'ti 
 the Bar is very Ihallow, but within, it is faid, to have Depth 
 enough for any Ship, and perhaps, were the Country well 
 peopled, this might be brought through the Harbour of 
 Mamiyong, which would probably open the Bar. 
 
 The Eafliern part of Unfang abounds with wild Elephants,, 
 which have not reached the other parts of Borneo, and 
 Mangeedara, in general, with Cattle, left there by the Spaniards, 
 who about a Century ago had got footing here, but relinquilTied 
 it, by Treaty with the Sooloos. 
 
 Oppofite to Tnzvfan Duyon, which is faid to unite the Harbours 
 of Sandakan and Maniuyong, is the Island Bahalatolis ; on the 
 interior fide of the Island, it is faid, a Ship may careen, clofe 
 to the Shoar, in 8 or 10 fathoms, and that there is a Scream of 
 excellent Water falling into the Sea over the Cliffs.* 
 
 Sandakan is defcribed to be an Affemblage of many Harbours, 
 with Soundings, fit for any Ship, and good Water : It 
 
 abounds 
 
 S L 0. 
 
 * This Account was from the iaforraation of the Sosloos, before 1 had 
 34 vifited thcfc parts.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 53J 
 
 abounds with Baat^ and juft without it, there is abundance 
 of A^al-Aeal. 
 
 Doubling a Point, to the North Weftward, is a large Bay, 
 named Labook, it has feveral Banks in it, and, farther to the 
 North, difembogues the River of Soogool, which (it is faid) conies 
 from the Lake of Keeney Balho, 
 
 Oppofite to Sandakan and Labook, there is an Aflemblage 
 of Islands, the Eafternmoft, named Baguan, is remarkable for 
 the great plenty of green Turtle, found there in the Southerly 
 Winds. This IJla»d and Seepanan, on the Coaft of Mangeedara, 
 are the only Places where the Foonoo, or Green Turtle, are in 
 plenty. Tht Paycokan, or Tortoife-fliell fpecies, is remarkably 
 plenty, in all the MaUoodoo Islands in particular. Bagvan alfo, 
 has plenty of the Palo-Maria or Alexandrian Laurel. The 
 other Islands in this Clufter are, Taganac, Great and Little 
 Bancoongan, Langaan, Leeheeman, Bo-aan, Papattangal, which is 
 a Bank with a Tree, Seelingaan, Goolijfan, and Leebarran. 
 
 Almofl midway, between Baguan and Cagayan Sooloo, is 
 MambahenazL'aHy and between them and the Paitan IJlands, is 
 Lankayan. 
 
 T ait an is a Bay and River on Borneo, remarkable for the 
 abundance of Camphir; it alfo yields Clove -Bark, and has 
 plenty of Liffang ; it is very full of Shoals, and the Coaft 
 on both fides extremely foul. The Islands to the Southward are 
 named BillebiU'ean, Great and Little Tagypeel, and Ci'.ya Cmaban ; 
 on the North are Lecnan and Kalangaan, There is a Creek 
 from Paitan, leading into a large Bay, between it, and Malloodoo 
 Bay, off which are many Islands, but the Bay, as well as the Islands, 
 extremely encumbered with Shoals, the largeft of the Iflands is 
 MallazvalU, which is high, and forms an agreeable Profpedl ; 
 the others are Bidalla, Kookooboon, Teegaboo, Seepeendoong, Teebakkan, 
 Teeheengan, Mandeedara, Paranka Paranka, Marantabuan, and 
 ZS hiozcfali 
 
 L 0.
 
 534 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Inowfal : between thefc and Banguey, there are alfo many 
 Shoals, leaving however a navigable Paffage, and indeedj as 
 thefe are detached Banks, with deep Water and good Soundings 
 between them, was this Place minutely examined, there is 
 no doubt many other Paflages might be found. 
 
 Off the Eafl; Coaft of Banguey, there are many Islands, but 
 little confiderable, except for the plenty of Turtle. 
 
 Cagayan-Sooloo is a Clufter of Islands, not vifible from 
 Bangtiey, The Chief only, of thefe Islands, is conftantly inhabited ; 
 there is a very good Bay, on the Weft fide, and there are 
 Soundings, between many Shoals, to Banguey. 
 
 Malloodo is, in many refpefts, one of the moft valuable 
 Diftrids on Borneo. Few Places equal it, in the abundance 
 of Provifions, nor is it deftitute of valuable Articles of 
 Commerce. 
 
 There arc many Rivers, of frefh Water, which fall into the 
 Bay of Mallcodoo, which is reported to have good Soundings 
 to the very bottom. On the Eaft fide there is a large Shoal, 
 which, by Report, forms a fine Harbour at Bankoka, where 
 is a very good Landing Place, and very fine Coolit-Lawang, 
 or Clove-Bark, is produced here. 
 
 The oppofite, or Weft fide, is remarkable for the Pearl Banks, 
 which are, chiefly, found near Songy Bafar. 
 
 The whole Diftrift of Malloodoo abounds with Rattans, of 
 which, lo or 20 feet long, two or three Sliip's-load might 
 be had : It alfo abounds in Grain, and inland is very populous. 
 The Country, to the Eaftward of Kccney Balloo as far as 
 Sandakan, is low and plain, with a few Hillocks, but no High 
 f. Land, except a Ridge to the Southward of Bankoka, which 
 
 fcems to run nearly Eaft and ^Veft towards Paitan, leaving 
 36 » Gap
 
 S L 0. 
 
 37 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 5^5 
 
 a Gap of Low Land. At the Bottom of Malloodoo Bay, between 
 this Ridge, and that which ains from the TampaJJhok Mountains 
 towards Sariipan:')ja>t^io; through which, from Banguey and 
 MaUooJ.oo Bays, the High Mountain of Kceney Balloo is feen to 
 great advantage, rifing abruptly on the Weft to a flupendous 
 Height, and falling down on the Eaft with a gentle declivity 
 towards the low Land of Sandukan. This Country cannot fail 
 of being one of the moft fruitful in the World, if well cultivated 
 and inhabited by a Civilized People ; were tliis the Cafe, there 
 would be an eafy Land Carriage, of 40 or 50 miles, to the 
 Lake of Keeney Ballco, which is reprcfented to exceed in 
 magnitude the Lake of Manila, and to have many Islands in 
 it. It is faid, to be 5 or 6 fathoms deep in fome places, and 
 to be the Source of all the confiderable Rivers in Borneo, 
 above 100 in number ; the Water is not limpid, but whitifh: 
 Around its Margin are innumerable Towns of Idaan, they have 
 a Sovereign here, but in other Places only Chiefs or Orankys. 
 This Tribe is extremely numerous, but from their wanr of 
 foreign Communication, and from fome remarkable Cuftoms, 
 they are lefs addi6ted to Commerce, than the Value of their 
 Country would make it imagined. They have however an 
 Intercourfe inland with Benjar, and are well enough inclined 
 to Commerce and Hufbandry, except where their Prejudices 
 lead them into War. 
 
 The Islands oppofite to this part of Borneo, and indeed 
 the Coaft, from Sampainiangio to near Pa'nan, do not properly 
 come under the Denomination of the Sooloo Dominions, 
 as ceded to the Englilb Company, and require a particular 
 Difcuffion in another Place, as the moft eligible of all Situations 
 for the Capital of the Oriental Polynefia. 
 
 The laft Diftrift of Borneo, is Pappal, the Limits Sampanmangio 
 on the North, and Keemannees River in ^°i N Latitude, which, 
 
 6 Z by
 
 536 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 by Tre.ltv, is the Limit Southward, with the Kingdom of 
 BoRNbo Proper. 
 
 The Produdions of this Coaft, in general, are Sago, Rice, 
 Beetle-Nut, Coconut-oil, Camphir, Wax, fonic Pepper, and 
 Cinnamon ; particularly the laft in fomc quantity at Kceinannees* 
 The Country is very populous, the inland particularly, which 
 is inhabited by Idaan, as are fome Places on the Coaft : 
 It is extremely well adapted for the Cultivation of Pepper 
 and Cinnamon, and in a few Years large quantities might be 
 had ; it is very well watered, and has the Conveniency of 
 many Rivers, navigable by Boats, and fome even by larger 
 Veflels ; the River of 1'awarran leads to the Lake of Keeaey 
 Balloo, from whence it is about lo' or 15' diftant, and is 
 acceflible for Boats ; that of Tanipajfook is faid to come from. 
 thence alfo. 
 
 The Firft River is Tambaloolan, the Natives iJaan, thought 
 few in number ; Abrcaft of this River is a Coral Tree, 
 5 or 6 fathom high, it grows in 7 fathoms, but the number 
 of large FiHi frighten People from diving for it. 
 
 Loo, a fmall River, is the next. 
 
 Pividafan has few People, who are Mahometans. 
 
 I'ampnffbok, Aba'i, Loobook, and Amboong, are inhabited hy 
 Mahometans, and form one Jurifdidion. The firft is a Frefli 
 Water River, with a Bar of 2 fathoms at high Water, it is 
 frefli at the Bar, and within has 3 and 4 fathoms, it is 
 reported to come from the Lake of Keeney Balloo, and has a 
 Gold Mine near it. 
 
 The River of 'Tanipajfook, a few miles inland, approaches 
 
 veiy near that of Abai, which is Salt for fome miles iTp, leaving 
 
 b L 0. ^ Jq^ narrow Ifthmus between them ; the Natives have had 
 
 28 fome
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 537 
 
 ibme thoughts of directing the Tampajfook Riier acrofs this, 
 into the Channel of Ji/ai, which is even now accefiible at 
 all times by fmall Vell'els, and would then probably be fo 
 bv larse. 
 
 The Harbour and River oiAiai, are fuperiour to any, between 
 Sampanmangio and P? Gaya, (and indeed is the only Place 
 where Veffels have Shelter from Weflerly Winds) except 
 Amboong, which is near to Abai, and is reprefented to be a 
 good Harbour. The Country here abounds with Grain, and 
 confiderable quantities of Pepper and Cinnamon would be had 
 in a (hort time, were the Cultivation encouraged. 
 
 The next River is Sulaman, which is inhabited by IJldiii. 
 
 'tini-arran is inhabited by Idaan, there are many Goats in 
 this Diflridt ; it is very populous. About 60 Cbinefe, who 
 left Borneo many years ago, fettled amongft them. The 
 River is reported to be navigable for Boats, to the Lake of 
 Keeney Balloo. 
 
 Mangcaboong River is inhabited by IJlam, it is populous ; there 
 is a Sand-Bar with 2 fathoms at high Water, at low large 
 SooLoo Boats cannot enter, within 3 or 4 fathoms ; there is 
 a Salt Lake about 3' from the Bar, it has 2 fathoms and in 
 fome places i fathom. The River above the Lake is rapid, 
 and full of Rocks, fo that it is not navigable but by Canoes; 
 fome fay, it comes from the Lake of Keeney Balloo ; but 
 Dato Saraphodin thinks otherwife. This Place and thofe before 
 mentioned, produce fome Pepper. 
 
 To the Southward of Mangcaboong lye P° Gaya, and fome 
 other Islands, they with fome Shoals form a convenient Harbour, 
 but of difficult Entrance on account of thefe Shoals ; into 
 S L 00. this Harbour difembogues the Rivers of 
 
 y,n La Baliiaiiy
 
 iSS ORlENTy\L REPERTORY. 
 
 La Biituan, Inannatn, Mangata/, Pootatan, and Keetiaroot ; 
 the Inhabitants are ljlj7n ; the Country is populous, and produces 
 Sago, Rice, Beetle-nut, Cinnamon, and Coconut-Oil. 
 
 The next River is Pangalat, and to the Southward of it 
 Pappal, which is a large barred River, diferabogues by two 
 Branches, the Weftern named Benonee. The Country is very 
 populous, the Natives IJlam, it produces Camphir as well as 
 the other Articles. 
 
 Keemannees is the laft River of the Sooloo Dominions the 
 Inhabitants are Idaan, and very numerous, they carry on an 
 extenfive Trade in their own Proas to Jjva, &c. the Country, 
 befides a confiderable quantity of Cinnamon and the other 
 Articles above mentioned, produces Tenjoo, which is the 
 Gum of a certain Tree, found alfo in Palazvan and 
 Mageendanao. 
 
 There are few Iflands off this Coaft. P° Teega, adjacent 
 to Kcewannces, is not remarkable for any thing. Maniralkom 
 abounds with frefh Water, though a low Island, it yields 
 alfo much Agal-agal, and a delicious Root refembling 
 Turnips. 
 
 Mantannane, which is oppofite to Pandafan, is in the Diftri<fl 
 of Abai, there are three Islands which produce fome Birds 
 Neft, but of a red Colour. 
 
 Such are the Sooloo Dominions on Borneo, this im- 
 perfeft Sketch of them may aiford fome fatisfacflion, fincc 
 hitherto we have been in abfolute Ignorance of this Quarter. 
 
 Sooloo, 
 
 40 PART II.
 
 O O L O 0. 
 41 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 539 
 
 Account of Sooloo. 
 
 PART II. 
 
 The Notion, commonly entertained, of the Influence of 
 Climate on the Manners of Men, feems no otherwife well 
 grounded, than as Manners are derived from the Religion, 
 Government and Cuftoms, which are indeed regulated in good 
 meafure by Circumftances, arifing from the Situation of a 
 Country. 
 
 Previous therefore to a Confideration of the People, it feems 
 proper to treat of their Government, Religion and Literature, 
 as the Origin of their Manners and Difpofition, 
 
 Nothing, to a Speculatift, is more agreeable or important, 
 than the Obfervation, what a difference, in point of Morals 
 and the Interefts of Society, arifes from Cuftoms and Education, 
 by which 
 
 . Man differs more from Man 
 
 Than Man from Beaft. —— 
 
 Speculations of this kind will probably make the beft 
 Subjeds, by imprefling the ftrongeft fenfe of the Calamities 
 incident to a deviation from the Line of Reditude ; And 
 alfo Ihew, how inftrumental Religion is to the welfare of 
 Mankind, and towards preferving the Interefts of Society. 
 
 7 A Chap. 
 
 /
 
 540 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Chap. I. 
 
 their Government. 
 The cold Regions feera not only to have been the Nurferies 
 of the Human Species, but of Civil Policy; and, probably, from^ 
 thence the mixed Monarchies, eftablilhed in this and the adjacent 
 Iflands, were derived ; for as an Emigrant from China, in an 
 early Age, obtained the Dominion of Borneo, we need not 
 hefitate to conclude, the Police of the Chinefi was engrafted 
 on this Savage Stock. 
 
 It is a very difficult matter to defcribe the Conflitntion of 
 any Country ; But it is fcarccly poflible to be done without 
 recourfe to ancient Records : Enquiries gain but little 
 Information, as few, even in the more civilized Countries, are well 
 enough verfed in the Principles of their Legiflature, to inform 
 a Stranger : So much is every where fuppofed to be previoufly 
 underftood, that without the Ability and Leifure to confult 
 the SooLoo Records, and being capable of entering into a 
 Perfonal Converfation, in their own Language, with the mod 
 Ancient and Intelligent, on the Subjeft of thefe Records, I 
 defpair of being able to give a conneded Idea of their 
 Coiillitution. 
 
 Their Government, by the Names of the Officers, which 
 is indeed faid to be derived from the Example of Achen, feems 
 to differ little from that found in the Malay Countries, except 
 perhaps of having more of the Popular Caft, unlefs the Matay 
 Sovereigns may have gained a more abfolute Authority, than 
 originally was intended by their Conftitution. 
 
 The SooLoo Government is divided into three Eftates : 
 
 The Sultan ; Nobility, or Datos, chiefly perfonated by 
 
 Data Bandabara, whofe Authority appears to be little lefs than- 
 
 S o o L o 0. the Sultans ; and Orankys, or rather the People, perfonatcd 
 
 by Oranky MaUick. 
 4* In
 
 CfRIENTAL REPERTORY. 34? 
 
 In former times, their Government was executed conftitutlonally; 
 But at prefent, many of the Offices are vacant, and the Sultan 
 little confiders the others, but in particular Exigencies or 
 Diflurbances, where a regard to his own Security extorts from 
 him Promifcs and Profeffions, by which he means nothing. 
 It is an Obfervation of Old Babatol, That all former Sultans 
 and the Officers, were like the Stone and Setting of a Ring, 
 where there was a mutual Connexion and Dependance ; but 
 that at prefent, the Stone feemed to have rejefted the Setting 
 as ufelefs : This adds to my Difficulties, as the Sultan had 
 a Point in View, in all the Eclairciirement he gave of the 
 Officers of State. 
 
 The Offices, in general, are Hereditary Jurifdifliions ; though 
 Incapacity, or other reafonable Objeflion, may prevent this 
 Rule taking place. The Appointment of thefe Officers, on 
 Vacancies, i'eems a part of the Royal Prerogative, though not 
 without a Bechar of the other Eftates. The Officers which 
 have been related to me ate, 
 
 Amongft the T^obiltiy or Datos, who are all of the Royal 
 Line, legitimate or Baftards. 
 
 Dato Bandahara, who on the Sultan's Death governs 'till 
 another is elefted, and afterwards is ftiled Raja Bandahara. 
 
 Dato Mamancha. 
 
 Raja Lautj i. e. Lord of the Sea. High Admiral. 
 
 Jukan Pallazvan, . . . Captain General. 
 
 Tooivan^-goong, . . . Chief Juftice. 
 
 MoolLck Manderajfa, . , CoUedor of the Cuftoms» 
 Maharaja Lela. 
 Sabalmal. 
 
 Sawa Jan, . . . ; Vice Admiral 
 
 • Mannabeel, the fame Office, as Mannabee, the firfl being 
 
 43 ^^^ 
 
 O O L O O.
 
 54* ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the Denomination of the Office, when executed by a Dato, 
 the lad when filled by a Plebeian. Governor of the Fort. 
 
 Officers not Datos. 
 
 Oranky Mallick. Rear Admiral. Tribune of the People. 
 
 Pangleenia. 
 Mannabce. 
 Sarre Lama. 
 Sivre Bangfazvan. 
 Sarre Raja. 
 ■ Naklb. 
 
 Hameel al Allam. Standard Bearer. 
 
 Thefe Officers, as muft be the Cafe, wherever there is no 
 (landing Army, have a Civil and Military Capacity ; and he, 
 who is a Chief Perfon in the former, has but an inferiour 
 Rank in the lad. 
 
 Bandahara is an Officer fuperiour to all others, but it is 
 not eafy to explain his Duty, as what by the Ignorance of 
 an Interpreter, and Delicacy of the Subjedl, I have not been 
 able to obtain a diflinft Account of it ; however, this feems 
 certain, that he is next to the tuan Calv, the fupreme Judge in 
 important Caufes, which are determined by him, as inferiour 
 are by Dato Toomang-goou^, and in Conjunftion with Oranky 
 Mallick, empowered to difplace a Sultan^ who governs con- 
 trary to the Law, 
 
 However, as the Government is {o nearly popular, there 
 is an Office very remarkable, and extremely neceflary, as fuch 
 Governments are naturally inclined to Revolutions; this is 
 the Office of Mamancka, which is calculated to prevent all 
 S o L o. precipitate Refolutions, for in all Bechars, his affent is neceflary 
 to fandlify their Legality, and 'till this affent pafles, nothing 
 44 done
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 543 
 
 done obtains the Authority of a Publick Aft. But Mamancha 
 has only an affirmative Voice, fo that he can fcarce prevent 
 any Publick RcfoUition, though his Office empowers him to 
 mediate between the contending Parties, and by Delays to 
 temper the Difpofition of Malecontents. The Rank of this 
 Officer is the fame with Raja Laut and Jnhai Palla-wan, to 
 whom the Siiltatis Power devolves in time of Aliion. It is 
 Raja Lout's Duty, to examine all foreign Veflcls, who arrive in 
 the Sooloo Seas, but this is generally performed by inferiour 
 Officers. 
 
 There is one Officer in their Conftitution, not only extremely 
 important, but fingular, fince I do not recollecfl: any tiling 
 fimilar to it in Publick Governments, though it is to be found 
 amongft the Inftitutions of Loyala. This Office is rhe 
 Maharaja Lela. It is generally faid, the Ma'.araja L'-la is 
 abfolute, and beyond the reach of Juftice, fo that even 
 the Sultan cannot call him to Account for any Oflence; 
 fuch a Power would be extremely dangerous in the Conftitution, 
 and the only advantage in it would arife, from the Example 
 how neceflary Government is, to reftrain the inordinacy of the 
 Human Mind. But the Defcription does not by any means 
 convey an adequate idea of his Office. He may be ftiled the 
 " Ad monitor;" for it is his Bufinefs, to exhort and reprove 
 all Officers, even the Sultan, when wanting in their publick 
 Duty, in doing this, he is fecure of Indemnity, though his 
 private Perfon is equally, as others, expofed to Punilhment, 
 where he is guilty of any Crime. 
 
 Sabalmal may be termed the Guardian of Orphans, for 
 
 according to the Conftitution, the Eftaces of all Perfons who 
 
 have no right-Heirs, go into a Publick Cheft, which is 
 
 Sooloo. entrufted to Sabalmal, who out of it provides for Orphans till 
 
 7 B they
 
 S o I. o 0. 
 
 46 
 
 544 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 they reach their 15th Year, at which Age they are confidercd 
 as capable of earning a livcHhood, and therefore after they 
 reach this Period, He can no longer let them fliare of the 
 Publick Cheft : The Charge whereof, and the Execution of 
 Moollock Manderajfas Office, the prefent Sultan has taken upon 
 himfelf. 
 
 Oranky Mal/ick is one of the moft confiderable Officers in 
 the State, for a Bechar of the Sultan with him only, is of 
 force, though one, with all the Datos without his Aflent, is nor: 
 He is the Chief Agent in difplacing a Sultan, nor can the 
 Election of a New one take Place without his Ratification : 
 fo that the popular is an integral part of the Saoloo Conjlitution.. 
 
 Pangkema is a term of Military Honour, refembling our 
 Knighthood, obtained by fome valiant Atchievement, and 
 beftowed by the Sultan ; but it is alfo an Office of more- 
 general Ufe, the Chiefs of the feveral Diftridts being fo (liled, 
 and have almoft an abfolute Authority. The Pangleemas of 
 Sooloo, are, as it were, Aid de Camps to Jiikan Palla-wan, they 
 are few in number, that dignity not being proftituted like 
 modern Knighthood. 
 
 Chap.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 545 
 
 Chap. II. 
 
 Their Religion and F laces of JVorJI:ip. 
 
 The Religion of Sooloo being Mahometan, admits no 
 
 Defcription in this Work ; but their Places of Worfhip 
 
 claim our Notice, not by their inward decoration, which is 
 
 excluded equally from all ; Nor by their outward magnificence, 
 
 which is remarkable enough in the Mogul Empire, and other 
 
 Mahometan Countries; but from the meannefs of them ; 
 
 for they are in faft nothing more than thatched fheds, open 
 
 all round. It feems a Point warranted by Experience, that 
 
 Religion is but little attended to, wherever the Temples are 
 
 mean. Whether this be an Evidence of the little Influence of 
 
 the Prieft, or of the fmall Veneration of the People to the 
 
 Deity, I fliall not prefume to decide; but it may be obferved, 
 
 that moft of the Sooloos are very ignorant of the Religion 
 
 they profefs ; though many are inclined to make the Pilgrimage, 
 
 had they a Conveniency to do it, and however homely their 
 
 Places of Worlbip may be, They are not without Vifitants, 
 
 who, it would feem, by their vociferous declamation, intend 
 
 to rouze a flumbering Epicurean Divinity. But the general 
 
 behaviour would incline one to think, they imagine, " He, 
 
 who made the Eye, is blind ; " for no where is to be met 
 
 more frequent Inftances of dcftroying his Image! It is to be 
 
 hoped, the Influence of Religion may have a good Eifecl on 
 
 tlicir Minds ; And though, perhaps, as Cbrijlians, we ought to 
 
 wifli them of our Perfuafion ; as Politicians and Men, we 
 
 mull be better pleafed, to fee them of any, tlian of no 
 
 Religious Profeffion, though the Introduction of Arts, 
 
 Sciences, and Literature, may be neceffary to modulate them 
 
 effectually. 
 o L o o. 
 
 47 Their
 
 546 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Their Church Government at the Capital is compofed of 
 a Tuan Caly, who is fupieme in Civil, as well as Canon, Law, 
 and relides at Matanda; one Imauni ; four Hatibs, or Ledlorers, 
 and four Fillals, or Cryers, to the Publick Mafguid, or Mofque. 
 Other fmall Mofqucs in different quarters of the Town, called 
 Langaly have an Imainn, but no Lcdlurers, or Cryers. 
 
 They are fometimes vifited by Serifs, who are defcended from 
 Mahomet, and one of thefe, they boaft, was their firft Sultan. 
 The refpecft which thefe itinerant Priefts meet with, in the 
 Mahometan Countries in the Eajl-Indies, frequently induce 
 Impoftors to pretend a Defcent from Mahomet, which is not 
 eafily refuted, as they have no Auricular Diftinftion, like the 
 Peruvian Incas, and rather pretend to an Infallibility in point of 
 Faith, than a miraculous Power to evince their Miffion. 
 
 The Clergy here, as in all Countries, have confiderable 
 Influence in Government and Private Life : They are here 
 alfo the Repofitories of the Publick Records, * and Law Cafes 
 adjudged between Individuals. The Law, as in other Countries, 
 has fwelled to many Volumes, which are in great meafurc 
 unmolefted Lumber, fince there are no profefl: Lawyers, who 
 might benefit by Briefs, as long as the Annals of a Century: 
 Thefe Records would undoubtedly be worth Examination, as 
 the beft, perhaps the only, means of attaining a perfedl Idea 
 of their Conflitution. 
 
 The SooLoos are inveterate to the Spaniards, and their Faith ; 
 perhaps as much from the imprudent behaviour of the Mifiionary 
 
 Priefts, 
 
 * I was at feme pains to obtain a copy ; the Perfon who promifcd this, 
 
 procraflinatcd till the moment of my departure, fo that I had no opportunity 
 
 S L 0. to fliew it to any of my learned I'riends ; who on being (hewn it, on my 
 
 rttMvn to Sooloo, laughingly, t(-ld me the Perfon had impoftd the Copy of aa 
 
 4° ''Arabian Fable as the Hiftory al Socio o.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 547 
 
 Prlefls, as from the Abhorrence in which they hold fome 
 of the Roman Cathohck Tenets. Their Antipathy to the 
 Spaniards may be naturally referred to that animofity and 
 mutual fpirit of reproach, always found between neighbour- 
 ing States : And that to the Roman Cathdick Religion, is, 
 in great meafure, an Extenfion of their Hatred to the Priefts, 
 who, when permitted to have a IVIiffion here, prefumed to 
 make themfelves Umpires, and call in queftion the Matter's 
 Right to the Slave, whom they converted. 
 
 Although the Religion of Sooloo be Mahometan, the mod 
 numerous Portion of the Inhabitants of this State are 
 Gentiles, and go under the general denomination of Idaan: 
 Thefe Idaan, whofe Ideas of a Divinity, feem as confined as 
 the Brutes of the Field, claim the ftrongeft attention of 
 a humane mind, as this blindnefs makes them equally the 
 Objects of Compaffion in every View : The Peculiarities of 
 their Cuftoms and Opinions will claim a Place in another 
 Chapter. 
 
 Chap. III. 
 
 Language and Literature. 
 
 It would be going too far, to condemn, or approve, a 
 Language which is not underftood ; but . I muft own, the 
 Sound, of the Sooloo Language, is not agreeable to my 
 Ear; It is faid to have as great Affinity to the Bijfaya, as 
 Spanijh to Portuguefe, and appears to be copious, from the 
 different Appellations of Quantity, &c. Thus, Great, is in the 
 Sooloo Language, Dakola, but they have various other 
 Words of Magnitude, as Mag-go, Taddal, Taroong, Baggal. 
 Thefe are confined to diftinft Subjects, thus, Taroong, expreffes 
 the large of Fruit, Baggal, of Animals, &c. 
 
 Sooloo. Whether the Sooloo Language is the Original Dialeft of 
 
 Borneo, cannot be determined : Though, from its relation to 
 
 49 7 C the
 
 548 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the Bijfaya Language, It is not improbable that it has, at 
 lead:, an affinity to It; fincc it is beyond Difpiite, the BorneaN 
 Empire extended over the Biffaxa Iflands : But that thcfe 
 Languages are derived from the Malav, feems very improbable : 
 The intercourfe with the Mala\s, and the ufe of that 
 Language, as the general Means of Converfation with Strangers, 
 will naturally account for the Introdudion of many Malay 
 Words, or Words with Affinity to Malay. But when the 
 Expreffions of Affirmation and Negation are different, as 
 well as thofe of Numeration, and in Common Life, It 
 feems inconfiftent to fuppofe an Identity of Original ; Many 
 Examples would be fuperfluous, a few may be bodi ufeful 
 and entertaining. 
 
 There does not appear to be the lead Affinity in thefe two 
 Languages, from the common Words that follow, annexed 
 to them are fome of the PhilUpin Languages. 
 
 
 Sooloo, 
 
 Malay. 
 
 Tagalo, 
 
 BiJJaya. 
 
 TIoco. 
 
 Pampanga. 
 
 Pangajinan. 
 
 TiJori. 
 
 r 
 
 lira 
 
 Sato 
 
 IfTa 
 
 Ifla 
 
 Mjfa 
 
 Mytong 
 
 Myfa 
 
 Roomde 
 
 z 
 
 Dua 
 
 Dua 
 
 Dalawa 
 
 Dua 
 
 Dua 
 
 Dua 
 
 Dua 
 
 Malofong 
 
 ? 
 
 Too 
 
 Tecga 
 
 Tatloo 
 
 Too 
 
 Talloo 
 
 Talloo 
 
 Talloo' 
 
 Raneet 
 
 \ 
 
 Oopat 
 
 Ampat 
 
 Apat 
 
 Apat 
 
 Oopat 
 
 OopaTit 
 
 Oopaiit 
 
 Laha 
 
 5 
 
 Leema 
 
 Leema 
 
 Leema 
 
 Leema 
 
 Leema 
 
 Leema 
 
 Lcema 
 
 Matoha 
 
 3 
 
 Annoom 
 
 Annam 
 
 Annoom 
 
 Annoom 
 
 Innoom 
 
 Oonnoom 
 
 Oonnoom 
 
 AroRa 
 
 7 
 
 Pecto 
 
 Toojoo 
 
 Peeto 
 
 Peto 
 
 Peetoo 
 
 Peetoo 
 
 Peetoo 
 
 Toom-madee 
 
 3 
 
 Walloo 
 
 Dalapan 
 
 Walloo 
 
 Walloo 
 
 Wail-loo 
 
 Walloo 
 
 Wall-loo 
 
 Tuffa-kang-cc 
 
 3 
 
 Sccam 
 
 Sambeelaa 
 
 Seeam 
 
 Seeam 
 
 Seeam 
 
 Seeam 
 
 Seeam 
 
 Seer 
 
 10 
 
 Hangpoo 
 
 Sapoolo 
 
 Sang poo 
 
 Hang poo 
 
 Sang pooloo 
 
 Sang pooloo Sang pooloo 
 
 Nagecmoc 
 
 1 1 
 
 Hangpootagifla 
 
 Sa bias 
 
 Labeenifla 
 
 
 Sang poolo keetmyfa 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 Hangpootagdua 
 
 Dua bias 
 
 Labeendalowa 
 
 
 Sang a pooloo kcetdua 
 
 
 
 
 '3 
 
 
 Teega bias 
 
 Labeentatloo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 20' 
 
 Kaowan 
 
 Dua pooloo 
 
 Daloowangpoo 
 
 
 Dua pooloo 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 40 
 
 SO 
 60 
 
 Katlooan 
 Kapaian 
 Kalecina:;n 
 Kannoomaan 
 
 Teega poolo 
 Ampat poolo 
 Leema poolo 
 Annam poolo 
 
 Tatloongpoo 
 Apat na poolo 
 Leemang poo 
 Annoom napoo 
 
 
 Talloo pooloo 
 Oopat a pooloo 
 Lcema pooloo 
 Innoom na pojloo 
 
 
 
 
 80 
 
 93 
 
 Kapeetooan 
 
 Kawalooaang 
 
 Kafceaman 
 
 Toojoo poolo 
 Dalapan poolo 
 Sambeelan poolj 
 
 Peetoong poo 
 Walloong poo 
 Seeamla poo 
 
 
 Peetoo pooloo 
 Wall-!oo poobo 
 Seeam na pooljo 
 
 
 
 
 100 
 
 Hang gattoos 
 
 Saratoos 
 
 I (Tang daan 
 
 
 Sang a gaflud 
 
 
 
 
 2CO 
 
 Diiang gattoos 
 
 Dua ratoos 
 
 Daloang daaa 
 
 
 Duan^:; a gafTud 
 
 
 
 
 300 
 
 Ton gattuos 
 
 Teega ratoos 
 
 Tatloong daan 
 Appat naraan 
 
 
 Tallooang a galTud 
 
 
 
 
 I COD 
 
 IflangorHangLceboo Sa re;.boo 
 
 Iflang Lecboo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 L 0. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 1 
 
 And
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 
 Sooloo. 
 
 . M lay. 
 
 Tagalo. 
 
 And 
 
 Yb,:n 
 
 Dan, Maca 
 
 Sampon 
 
 Aiit 
 
 S innain 
 
 Semoot 
 
 
 Beard 
 
 Jan-oot 
 
 J;ingt;ot 
 
 
 Blood 
 
 Dooggoo 
 
 Dira 
 
 Dugo 
 
 Boy 
 
 Anak Ofloog 
 
 Boodack, Anak-lakee 
 
 
 Breafl 
 
 D.ig-ha 
 
 Dada 
 
 
 BufF.loe's Hern T.iidojk 
 
 TanJook 
 
 
 Bull 
 
 Sapec Mandang.in 
 
 Sappee jantan 
 
 
 Calf 
 
 Anak Sapee 
 
 Anak Sappee 
 
 
 Chill 
 
 Takko 
 
 Dagoo 
 
 
 Cow 
 
 S;ipcc Umagak 
 
 Sappee beteena 
 
 
 Ear 
 
 Tcyn-ga 
 
 TeliEga 
 
 
 Elbow 
 
 Scckoo 
 
 Sekoo 
 
 
 Ever 
 
 Comiill 
 
 Cacal 
 
 
 Eye 
 
 Matta 
 
 Mata 
 
 
 Eye -brow 
 
 Keely 
 
 Kening 
 
 
 Fighting Cock 
 
 Gang an ? 
 
 Ayam balalang 
 
 
 Fire 
 
 K.to 
 
 Appee 
 
 
 Fifh 
 
 Ifta 
 
 Ecaa 
 
 
 Fly 
 
 Pcekott 
 
 Lallat 
 
 
 Foot 
 
 Seekec 
 
 Cakkee 
 
 
 For 
 
 Sa 
 
 Acan 
 
 
 Fowls 
 
 RIanook 
 Booboo ? 
 
 Ayam 
 
 
 From 
 
 Deyn 
 
 Deree 
 
 
 Girl 
 
 Anak Baboyee 
 
 Anak parampoan 
 
 
 Goat 
 
 Cambing 
 
 Cambing 
 
 
 Bijfaya. 
 
 Dugo 
 
 Yloco, 
 
 Dara 
 
 549 
 
 Pampanga. 
 
 aya 
 
 He 
 
 She 
 
 f Cambing IVIandangan 1 
 [ or Cambing OUoog J 
 
 {Camb ng Uniagnk or 1 
 Cambiiig Baboyee J 
 
 Govern 
 
 !RIamaiinta 
 
 Great 
 
 Dakola 
 
 
 Mas-go 
 
 
 Taddal 
 
 
 Taroong 
 
 
 Baggal 
 
 Grcateft 
 
 Lagg.s 
 
 Hand 
 
 Lema 
 
 H.ve 
 
 Flag 
 
 Head 
 
 Oo 
 
 Hoiife 
 
 Bai 
 
 I give 
 
 Decceheclco 
 
 In 
 
 Haluum 
 
 Ink 
 
 Davat 
 
 Iron 
 
 Baflec 
 
 I'.land 
 
 Poo 
 
 It h.i-i or is 
 
 Tagga 
 
 Ivory 
 
 Gading 
 
 Language 
 
 B:.fa 
 
 Lips 
 
 Ko-abccl 
 
 Little 
 
 AlTecbcc 
 
 M.n 
 
 Oflbog 
 
 Pegang parenta 
 Bafaar, Gadang 
 
 Dakel 
 Malaqui 
 
 Dacu 
 
 Onai 
 
 Dagul 
 
 bafaar deree pada famoa 
 
 i. e. Greateft of all 
 Tangan 
 Adda, Sooda 
 C'pjla 
 Rooma 
 
 AkooCaflee (arBree) 
 Dedalam, De 
 Dawat 
 Befiee 
 Pooloo 
 Adda 
 Gading 
 Bafa 
 Bibber moulout 
 
 Cached 
 
 Orang 
 
 Olo 
 
 Bahay 
 
 Olo 
 
 Balay 
 
 Olo 
 Balay 
 
 Buntoe 
 Balay 
 
 r Pufiquit 
 \ Monti 
 
 I Diut, 
 
 Guti Baffit 
 
 S O O L O 0,
 
 550 
 
 
 
 ORIENTAL 
 
 REPERTORY. 
 
 
 
 
 Sooloo. 
 
 Malay. 
 
 
 Ta^alt, Bijfaya. 
 
 Yleco, 
 
 Mouth 
 
 
 SeemooJ 
 
 Mooloot 
 
 
 
 
 Neck 
 
 
 Leog 
 
 Leher 
 
 • 
 
 
 m 
 
 Nijple 
 
 
 Dooroo 
 
 Pintul foofoo 
 
 
 
 
 No 
 
 
 Dc «r 
 
 \va 
 
 Teedda 
 
 
 Iiidi. Di, Dile 
 
 ■ Saan 
 ludi 
 
 Nofc 
 
 
 Eelong 
 
 Edong 
 
 
 
 
 Of 
 
 
 Sing 
 
 Pada, Derree 
 
 
 Nang,Cay,Sa ^^^^ 
 
 
 Plantains 
 
 
 Syne 
 
 Pecfang 
 
 
 
 
 Proteftion 
 
 
 Gaos 
 
 Liiidong-an 
 
 
 
 
 Sell 
 
 
 Bee 
 
 Jewal 
 
 
 
 
 Son 
 
 
 Anik 
 
 Anak lakkec 
 
 
 
 
 Sulphur 
 
 
 Mye-lang 
 
 Blcrong 
 
 
 
 
 D? White 
 
 
 Sandaway 
 
 Chendawan, Nitre, 
 
 
 
 q? Saltpetre 
 
 mould, fungus 
 
 
 
 
 The 
 
 
 Ing 
 
 Eang, Ca 
 
 
 Siya, Ang Ang 
 
 
 To 
 
 
 Hinga 
 
 Ca, De, La, pada, fa, 
 
 Acan 
 
 Cay, fa. 
 
 
 Towards 
 
 
 Tampal 
 
 Pada, Capada 
 
 
 
 
 Water 
 
 
 Toobig 
 
 Aycr 
 
 
 
 
 Woman 
 
 
 Baboyee 
 
 Parampoan 
 
 
 
 
 Yes 
 
 
 Oon 
 
 £a 
 
 
 Oo Oo, Hoon 
 
 Oen 
 
 S O O L 
 
 52 
 
 The AfTumption of the Ma/ay Charadlers may, probably, 
 have introduced more Words into thofe States, who have 
 adopted them, than into the more remote which had charafters 
 of their own : It is conjedlured that The Borneos had a Cha- 
 radler ; For fince the Bugguefe, the Javanefe, the Tagalos, &c. 
 have, there is little reafon to doubt the Borneos had. And 
 perhaps the diftind Charafters may point out the Original 
 Empires, or Sovereignties, into which the Oriental Polynefia 
 was divided. 
 
 It does not appear, the Bijfayas have any Original Charadler, 
 though it feems evident, from Circumftunces mentioned by the 
 Spanifi Difcoverers, that the Mahometan Religion had found 
 its way there; In this we have an Evidence to warrant the 
 Borne AN Dominion, which perhaps comprehended alfo the 
 tagalos, whofe Language is faid to have fome Affinity to the 
 Bijfaja. In this Cafe the Tagalo Charadler is probably the 
 Antient Bornean. 
 
 Had the firfl: Miffionaries paid any attention to thefe 
 Enquiries, fome Information of Confequence might be obtained, 
 but it does not appear, that there is any thing written on the 
 Antiquities of the Philipiiias, except Fr. Juan de Placentia'sy 
 Curious, though Concife, Account of the Antient Government and 
 Cujloms (24 Oft. 1589.) It is true, the Spaniards who have 
 wrote of the Tagalo Language, pretend they derived their 
 Charafters from the Malays : Thefe Tagalo Charafters have no 
 fmiilitude to the Arabick, or Malay Charafters, and therefore, 
 if it means any thing, this Opinion mufl countenance the 
 Conjefture above mentioned, as the Borneos may eafily be 
 fuppofed to be confounded under the general Name of 
 Malays. 
 
 Placeniia, though he mentions the Ancient Government of 
 
 Q 0, Datos and Barangayes, amongft the Tagalos, takes no notice 
 
 of any Sultan, or Sovereign, amongft them. 
 
 The 
 
 Pamfavta. 
 
 E. All 
 
 Oua
 
 S L 0. 
 
 Si 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 551 
 
 The Chronica de S. Greprio, (V. i. P. 134,) tells us alfo. 
 That the Tagalos have a Tradition of their being Defcendants 
 from Borneo. Hence it feems probable, that the Borne an 
 Empire comprehended all the Bijfaya and Tagalo Provinces of 
 the Philipinas, though it feems to have extended no farther 
 North. 
 
 Placentia derives the Tagalo term, Barangayes, from the 
 Veflels in which, he fuppofes, the Families, who peopled thefe 
 parts, arrived. Without pretending to determine, whether 
 there were any Veflels of this appellation, amongfl; the Malays, 
 as he alledges, it feems probable, as the Sooloo Government, 
 as well as mod others in the Neighbourhood, have Oran-kayas, 
 anfwering to the Office of Barangayes, that thefe Names, fo 
 fimilar in found, have the fame Origin; For although in the 
 Malay Language, Oran-kaya is literally a rich Man, it is 
 applied to the Heads in the feveral Towns and Diftrids, where 
 there are no fuperior OiTicers. 
 
 Perhaps antiently Barangayes may have been the common 
 appellation in the Bornean Dominions, though it has now 
 given place to the Malay Term. 
 
 It does not appear, whether the Bornean Empire was 
 Mahometan or not, before its Diflblution, nor can I determine 
 the Time this Law got footing in Borneo: though the 
 Portugiiefe, who vifited Borneo in 1530, fay, it then was, 
 (Lavanha P. 380.) It is reported that it was introduced at Celebes 
 about the middle of the i6th Century. And it feems to be 
 allowed. The i(V Sultan of Sooloo introduced the Mahometan 
 Law there, though poflibly the Bajozvs might be then IJlam ; 
 
 7 D wherefore
 
 S L 0. 
 
 54 
 
 552 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 wherefore it is not probable the Mahometan Law was unlverfally 
 cftabliflied, before the Diffolution of the Bornean Empire, for 
 although when the Sooloo Government was formed, there 
 was, as there ftill is, a Prince at Borneo, I conceive his 
 Dominion was not then extenfive. There is another Evidence 
 to corroborate the Opinion, that Mahometanifm, is of late 
 Introdudlion, as the Idaan, who inhabit the Inland of Borneo, 
 are Gentiles, nay, fome of the mofl confiderable Maritime 
 Places, on the NW part of the Illand, which were the nearefl: 
 to the Capital, as Keemannees and Tawarran, are Gentiles to this 
 day. However, it feems, from the Spanijh Difcoverers, that 
 the Mahometan Religion had found its way into this Quarter,, 
 though it did not univerlally prevail. 
 
 There is a very great Variety of Languages in the Sooloo' 
 Dominions. The Tiroon and Idaan, are equally foreign to 
 the SooLoo, and to each other; nay, particular Diftrids 
 have different Languages, which, however, I rather fuppofe 
 Dialefts of fome of the others, than entirely diftindt from- 
 them. The Idaan Language is defcribed to be a very fofc. 
 and fmooth one.. 
 
 The Learning of Sooloo is very confined. They have' 
 adopted the Malay Charafters, and have a few Books in that 
 Language, with which they are chiefly fupplied by the 
 Buggucfe. They have alfo, it is faid, Hiftories of Borneo, 
 of an antient date, and of Sooloo from its Original. There 
 are a fesv who underftand a little Jrabick ; but the greateft 
 number, even amongft the moft confiderable, cannot write, fo- 
 that their Literature is a Subject, which does not afford room, 
 to be diffufive. 
 
 They
 
 O L O O. 
 
 55 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. ss3 
 
 They pretend, to have Accounts of the Inventors of Gunpowder 
 and the Compafs : However, they are totally ignorant of the 
 Principles of Magnetifm, and although they are good Practical 
 Navigators, and are feldom without a Compafs in their Boats, 
 
 they have all thefe from the Chinefe. The Names of fome 
 of the Points are different from the Malass: 
 
 N? Ootarra. 
 
 NE. Timor Laut. 
 
 NW. Heelagga. 
 
 E. Timor. 
 
 SE. Tons;arra. 
 
 S? Salatan. 
 
 SW. Barat Dyar. 
 
 W. Habaggat. 
 
 None of them had any thing like a SyRcm of Knowledge : 
 What little any of them has picked up, is very fuperfitial ; 
 they feem to have an Inclination to Literature, from 
 the fenfible Queftions they have afkcd on particular Occafions ; 
 though probably this Difpofition will remain uncultivated, 
 from the difficulty of obtaining Saiisfaiftion, to their Enquiries^ 
 
 Chap.
 
 S O L O 0. 
 
 56 
 
 554 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Chap. IV. 
 
 Their Manners. 
 
 It cannot be imagined that the fame Manners and Cuftoms 
 fliould prevail univerfally, through (o many Countries as 
 this State is compofed of: Very various are thofe to be 
 found amongft different Cafts of the Natives. This makes 
 it difficult to give any General Charafter, though if one were 
 to be given to the greater part of the Inhabitants of the Capital, 
 it muft be raked out of the Dregs of Mankind, fince words 
 can fcarce exprefs an adequate Deteflation and Contempt of 
 their Difpohtion and Manners. 
 
 It is a common Obfervation, that the AJiaticks are of a 
 more diflimulating Inclination than the Europeans : But this 
 is generally afcribcd to the command they have attained over 
 the Paffions, which has diverged them into this Channel : 
 But here there is an equal Poriion of that Brutal Fire found 
 in free Savages, of the diflimulating Difpofition of the more 
 humanized, and, perhaps, to the completion of their Charadler, 
 I may add, an adequate flrare of Perfidious Cowardice. 
 
 Murder, on the moft frivolous Difpute, is fcarce held amongfl: 
 them to be a Crime : and indeed the confideration, that 
 whatever is frequent, fcarce (lings the Confcience, would almoft 
 deftroy the Fundamental Principles of innate Morality, though 
 at the fame time it adds Energy to the hand of Government, 
 by evincing the Benefit to Society, of an Executive Power, 
 to prevent, or reflrain, the inordinacy of Iniquity, incident to 
 the Human Frame, to Cuftom, and to Example. 
 
 Every Man, not indeed by the Law, but by Cuftom, is 
 in thefe Countries his own Avenger, by which the Sallies of 
 Paffion, often occafion the moft enormous Crimes, and 
 
 entail
 
 i O C L O. 
 
 57 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. SSS 
 
 entail Inveteracy and Bloodfhed from Father to Son, for 
 Generations, 
 
 The moft common caufe of Murder amongft them, is the Fair 
 Sex, for as Divorces are permitted to the Men, and often 
 bought by the Women, there is wanting that cordiality of 
 Afre(5lion, neceffary to bind fo ftridl; a Union as Marriage ; and 
 it often happens a Man will divorce his Wife, and, when fhe 
 marries another, he will reclaim her, on pretence of the want of 
 feme Formality in his Divorce ; and, though the probable 
 confequence be bloodfhed, will feize her by force. A jealous 
 Sufpicion often is held a fufficient caufe for Aflaffination, and 
 fcarce a Night, which is the common time of thefe Enormities, 
 pajfes without a Murder. 
 
 The Hiftories of all Times feem to evince the bad confequences 
 to Society, by a facility of Divorce, and Experience fufficiently 
 refutes that immoral Affertion of the Poet, That 
 
 Half the caufe of Conteft were remov'd, 
 If Beauty could be kind to all who lov'd. 
 
 Perhaps a mere Speculatift would rather join with Sir Thomas 
 Brozvne, and fome others, in wifliing the Deity had made a 
 different Difpofition for continuing His Creation. 
 
 Another Cuflom, equally deftrudtive to Civil Society, as 
 it beftows a Ferocity of Difpofition, is the Power every Mafter 
 is veiled with, regarding his Slaves ; which are by much the 
 greatcft part of the Sooloos : Thefe may be put to Death, with 
 Impunity, for the flighteft, or even without, Crime. When 
 fuch a Licence of Murder exifts, there can be no Expectation 
 it will be held in that Abhorrence its Iniquity demands. 
 
 7 E Another
 
 556 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Another Enormity, which evinces the Malignity of Difpofition, 
 is the frequent Theft of People, who aie feldom to be 
 redeemed, as the Country is, in a manner, entirely deftitute 
 of Publick Juftice. 
 
 The laxity of Publick Government is more in all Savage, 
 than in civilized Countries ; Under the firll: Denomination, we 
 may include in fome meafure the Bugguefe, &c. But there is 
 a very remarkable peculiarity between the Bugguefe and Sooloos, 
 which deferves to be mentioned, as it may tend to eftablifli the 
 Charader of each : The Bugguefe, in com.mon with the greateft 
 part of Mankind, determine many Difputes by fingle Combat, 
 but never avenge therafelves by Perfonal Aflaffinacion : On the 
 contrary, the Sooloos have no Idea of putting themfelves on a 
 footing with their Antagonift, but always attack him in the 
 dark, or off guard : We may allow the laft to be the moll: 
 prudent, but it is, undoubtedly, the lead honourable Cuftom. 
 
 Many of the Vices which difgrace this Country, are, it is 
 faid, of late date, and do not yet univerfally prevail. The 
 Eaftern part of Sooloo, it is pretended, ftill retains the fimplicity 
 of Antient Manners, and Theft is unknown amongfl: them : 
 They are the leaft poliOied, but are held the braveft on the 
 Ifland : Parang, on the contrary, is equally famous for Theft, 
 Murder, and a pufilanimous Difpofition. 
 
 Some of the Natives have acknowledged the ill difpofition 
 of iheir Countrymen, in a point where they are undoubtedly 
 the beft Judges, though very many inftanccs are not wanting to 
 obfervation, in confirmation of the juftice of their condemnation. 
 This is in a mean invidious Difpofition, which is an Enemy to 
 Induftry and every Virtue, for it is confidered as fufficient Caufe 
 of Aniniofity, if any one, by good-fortune, or affiduity, obtains 
 a portion of Property, or a degree of any Virtue fuperiour to 
 bis Fellows : They exclaim, in that Cafe, againft him, with all 
 58 the exiguous Malevolence of Envy, and take pleafure in doing 
 
 him 
 
 Sooloo.
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 557 
 
 him an Injury ; perhaps even in depriving him of Life : Such 
 a Difpofition, of all others, has the word Influence on Society, 
 by difcouraging every thing that is praife-wotthy. 
 
 I may perhaps run the hazard of incurring the ridicule of 
 fome, if, to the other Caufes of the flagitioufnefs of Manners, 
 I add the want of Religion amongft them, for although they 
 are Mahometans by profeflion, they are extremely ignorant 
 of that Morality and Juftice which their Law enjoins ; indeed, 
 few of them can read, and ftill fewer are inclined to ftudy 
 the Koran ; fo that they may poflibly miftake old Cuftoms, 
 for Virtues, delivered down from their Anceftors. 
 
 Human Nature feems nearly the fame in every Region and 
 Climate. Cufloms and Accidents make, in Particulars, an 
 obvious difference. But, as the Pfalmifl: fays, " The ima- 
 gination of Man's Heart is Evil ;" and at the bottom the 
 generality merit an equal contempt and abhorrence; they who 
 paint Man in fine Colours, either are deceived, or mean to 
 deceive others ; The only engaging ties in Humanity are the 
 few, the very few, who have Souls expanded with the remains 
 of Virtue : Thefe prefervc the Syftem, and are the Link 
 of Society; and fuch are every where to be met with. I 
 acknowledge fuch there are at Sooloo, but in the fame 
 fcarcity as in other Countries; nor, when it is remembered, 
 Te>i would have faved Sodom, will it be wondered, if I only 
 mention by name Data Saraphodin, Pangleema Milaham, and 
 to do juftice to the Memory of the dead, once Dato Mahomed 
 Bandahara. Let us add, fince 
 
 All our praifes why fhould Lords engrofs, 
 
 Oran Ky Mallicki and Bahatol the old SooLoo Fiftierman. * 
 
 The 
 
 O L O. * I am far from infinuating that none other of the Sooloss defervcd to come 
 
 into this Lift: I only meant to exprefs, that thofe named! knew, by experi- 
 59 ence, to be truly good men : Avhofc word was truth.
 
 55? ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The vices common to ourfelves, we have been accuftomed 
 to look on with partiality ; Thofe we are not accullomed to, 
 we confider with abhorrence ; this may perhaps be the reafon 
 of my opinion, that out of the Dunghills of Humanity, it 
 would fcarcely be poffible to fcrape up a more infamous Race 
 tlian the Sooloos. The only Virtue they boaft, is Courage, 
 which, unaccompanied with Principle, is at beft but negative, 
 and in this Imlance doubtful. Honefty, Induftry, Hofpicality, 
 are unknown to the mafs of them, at lead in pradice, 
 but they are diftinguiflied by Civil-Diflentions, Treacherous 
 Aflaflinations, Vain-Boafting, Theft, Lazinefs, Dirt, Envy and 
 Diflimulation, or rather inconnedied Falfliood. 
 
 The Sooloos do not, like the Mahometans oi hdojian, confine their 
 fVonien ; on the contrary, They mix in Society as in Europe. 
 
 There is a Race of People, in fome part of the Sooloo 
 Dominions, on Borneo, fo peculiar in cuftoms and opinions, 
 that they claim particular attention j Thefe are called 7^atj« : It 
 is proper, however, to obferve, that what I know of them, is 
 only from the reports of the Sooloos. 
 
 The Idaaii, of different Places, go under different denominations, 
 and have different languages ; but in their manners and cuftoms 
 feem to be nearly alike : All objefts, feen through different ends, 
 of the perfpeftive, appear diffimilar, and none more than the 
 People now under confideration. 
 
 The name Idaan is, in fome meafure, peculiar to thofe of the 
 north part of Borneo ; the inland people of Pajfir are called 
 Darat ; thole of Benjar, Biajoos : the SiibcDws of Magindanao 
 appear to be the fame People ; perhaps where the Aborigines, in 
 the feveral Iflands of the Oriental Polynefta, are not Negroes, they 
 are little different from the Idaan of Borneo. 
 
 The Idaan are reckoned fairer than the Inhabuants of the 
 Sooloo. Coaft; this has given rife to an opinion that they are Defcendants 
 of the Chineje : however, diis Defcent from the Chinefe appears 
 
 to 
 
 60
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 559 
 
 to have as little foundation in truth, as the flory they tell in con- 
 firmation of it, " That the Emperor of China lent a great fleet 
 for the {lone of a Snake, which had its refidence at Keeney-Balloo i 
 that the number of People landed was fo great, as to form a 
 continued Chain from the Sea, and when the Snake's flone was 
 ftolen, it was handed from one to the otlier, till it reached the boat, 
 ^ which immediately put off from the flioar, and carried the prize 
 
 to the Junks ; they, immediately failing, left all thofe who were 
 aflioar behind ; though their difpatch was not enough to prevent 
 the Snake's purfuit, who came up with the Junks, and regained 
 his treafure." The origin of all nations is hid in the obfcurity 
 of fable : It is not therefore wonderful that a people, fo uncul- 
 tivated as the Idaaii, fhould be unacquainted with their 
 antiquity. 
 
 The proper Idaan language is defcribed to be very foft and 
 fmooth ; but probably it is not very copious ; as may well be 
 fuppofed from the rudenefs of the People, who are even ignorant 
 of high numbers, and therefore when they go to war, being very 
 numerous, they do not count their numbers by thoufands, but 
 by trees. They choofe a large tree, and each man, as he paffes, 
 gives it a ftroke with his weapon ; when the tree falls diey count 
 one : they who follow pick out another, in like manner. 
 
 They entertain many very fingular, whimfical, and abfurd 
 opinions : Amongft thefe may be reckoned the deftrudlive one, 
 that all whom they kill, in this World, fliall attend them as Slaves 
 after death. This notion, of future intercft in the deftruftion of 
 the human fpecies, is a great impediment to an intercourfe with 
 them, as murder goes farther than prefent advantage or refentment. 
 From the fame principle, they will purchafe a flave, guilty of 
 any capital crime, at five fold his value, that they may be his 
 \> L . executioners : The fame fuperftitious opinions amongft them 
 gj 7 F occafion
 
 56q oriental repertory. 
 
 occafion frequent wars, and more frequent aflaflinations : This 
 behaviour feems, however, rather to arife from fimple prejudices 
 of education, than inordinacy of difpofition : for thofe who 
 become Mahometans are remarkable examples of piety and 
 virtue. 
 
 The fame wile hand of Providence, which maintains order in 
 the natural world, extends its care to the moral ; men, vmder 
 the influenence of fuch prejudices, muft foon be extirpated, was 
 no antidote to be found to this principle of deftrudlion : The 
 Idaan are very ftrid keepers of their oadi, which they take, by 
 pronouncing, in their language, fome execrations againft perfidy, 
 and then cut a rattan : You do the like in yours; the friendfhip 
 is then cemented with all the Diftridt, with whofe Oranky this 
 oath was exchanged : They then confider you as a Brother, and 
 alfo every body related to you ; if any one knows of fuch an 
 engagement, and pretends to be a Relation of the Perfon, they 
 will take his word for it, and behave to him in the fame manner,, 
 as if they were under an oath to himfelf. 
 
 If the Idaan are ill-ufed at any place, they communicate the 
 report very quickly, and will every where remove, as you 
 approach ; on the contrar)', if well treated, they will flock to 
 you from every quarter : They are extremely fuperftitious in 
 figns, and though, if they engage to come to you by a certain 
 day, they will not fail, unlefs thefe intervene, yet if they hear 
 a bird, which they reckon unlucky, or any thing of the like 
 nature, they will return home ; this makes their travelling alway-s 
 tedious and uncertain. 
 
 They are generally well acquainted widi poifons, and their 
 antidotes ; the famous Borneo poifon, with which they poifon their 
 daxts, is colleded by them only, though the trunk, or hollow tube, 
 62 through. 
 
 S L 6 0,
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 56* 
 
 through which they flioot thefe darts, is a weapon common alfo 
 to the inhabitants on the adjacent Coafts. Tliis poifon is the 
 juice of a tree, named Ippoo ; its effefts feem to be very fimilar 
 to thofe of the Liana and Ticmna of South America. 
 
 The Idaan have, amongft different tribes of them, many very 
 whimfical reHgious tenets ; Paradife is generally fuppcfed to be 
 a-top o( Keeny-Balloo : Some, as thofe of Geeong, think it is guarded 
 by a fier)' dog, who is a formidable opponent to the female fex ; 
 for, whenever any virgins come, he feizes them as his legal 
 prize ; but whatever women have been cohabited with, in this 
 World, he confiders as unworthy of his embrace, and lets them 
 pafs : The fathers, however, of Geeong do not fail to reproach 
 their daughters, though not very feverely, if they make a flip. 
 
 Others, amongft the Idaan, think the paiTage for men into 
 Paradife is over a long tree, which, unlefs they have killed a 
 man, is fcarcely practicable, perhaps for want of the Slave's 
 affiftance. If prifoners are taken in war, it is faid, a general 
 meeting is called ; when the Chief gives the firft blow, and then 
 the devoted Vidlim is ftruck widi weap>ons on every fide. It is 
 reported, if a Chief of their Enemies be taken, his body is em- 
 balmed with Camphir, and his eyes being taken out, two cozvries 
 are placed in the fockets, and his arms extended; forming a 
 difmal fpeftacle. 
 
 People, who thus deform the image of their Maker, by 
 eftranging themfelves from the diftates of reafon and humanity, 
 can fcarce be confidered as men, and are, in dignity, beneath 
 the Oran-Otitans of their neighbouring woods. 
 
 ^ L 0. However^ 
 
 63
 
 S 6 L 0. 
 64 
 
 5«i ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 However, although thefe cuftoms and opinions may raife 
 abhorrence, the Idaan deferve rather to be confidered as objeds 
 of compaffion than contempt ; as they feem extremely defirous 
 of intuition, and entertain a juft regret of their own ignorance, 
 and a mean idea of themfelves on that account ; for, when they 
 come into the houfes, or veffels, of the Mahometans, they pay 
 them the utmoft veneration, as fuperiour Intelligences, who 
 know their Creator : They will not fit down where the Maho- 
 metans fleep, nor will they put their fingers into the fame 
 chunam, or betle-box, but receive a portion with the utmoft 
 humility, and in every inftance denote, with the moft abjeft 
 attitudes and geftures, the veneration they entertain for God 
 unknown, in the refped they pay to thofe who have a knowledge 
 of Him. 
 
 If we add the cuftom of arranging human fkuUs about the 
 houfes of the Idaan, as a mark of affluence, we need not wonder 
 at the terrible accounts of their barbarity, nor at the reports of 
 Anthropophagi. That fometimes diftrefs, and, on particular 
 occafions, national anatlpathies, have induced men to eat of their 
 fpecies, are too ftrongly attefted to be doubted ; but that there 
 is any race of men, who, eating Human FleJJo as Food, may 
 properly be called Cannibals, may well be queftioned ? I never 
 have even heard, from any of the Natives, of fuch People, to the 
 Eaftward of Sumatra, though it is reported fome, as well in the 
 Pbilipinas as Eaftern Iflands, are proud to drink out of the fkuUs 
 of their Enemies : Opinions of this nature often arife from mif- 
 conftruclion, or accident, and ought always to be adopted with 
 great caution : Perhaps, from a want of this confideration, 
 arifes the report of Cannibals on Sumatra, pofitively averred by 
 the Edglijh who have refided at Bencoolen. 
 
 Chap,
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 563 
 
 Chap. IX. 
 
 Commerce. 
 
 To underftand this Chapter, Reference muft be had to the 
 Geographical Defcription, as it would be impertinent to repeat 
 what has been faid under that Head. 
 
 It is neceflary, in the firfl: place, to give an Account of the 
 Articles of Commerce met with here ; this is chiefly done from a 
 Lift delivered by Sultan Bantilan, in January, 1761, though the 
 Quantities and Rates are omitted ; the former being in many 
 refpedls indeterminate; the Lift, in fome inftances, being confide- 
 rably deficient of what the Country produces, and in others 
 exceeding that produce. 
 
 It is neceflTary to take notice, on the Prices fettled in 
 the Agreement, made in 1761 for a Cargo, that the Goods 
 from India were to be received at 100 |^ Cent on the 
 Invoice Price there, and the Sooloo Goods, received in return, 
 were to yield 100 |^ Cent on the Sooloo Rates, when fold 
 in China; all deficiency to be made good by the Sooloos, and all 
 furplus accounted for to them : fo that the Rates, at which they 
 chofe to deliver the Goods, were not objefted to, as this Expe- 
 riment was meant to afcertain the aftual value in China ; and 
 the Conditions were fufficicntly profitable, if no Accident had 
 happened to prevent the Execution of this Experiment ; and 
 in cafe a deficiency had happened, we might have derived, in 
 Political Advantages, an equivalent for that deficiency. 
 
 I (hall divide the Statement of Sooloo Produce into Four 
 o o L o o, Clafles. 
 
 65 7 G I. Articles
 
 £64 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 1 . Articles of confiderable value, but fuch as are cither in no 
 great abundance, or take little room on fliip-bcard. 
 
 2. Staples, which mud form the cargoes. 
 
 3. Goods, which may hereafter become ftaples ; but, as in 
 no demand, are at prefent, in fmall quantities. 
 
 4. Some Produftions which may be ufeful to the Commerce, 
 but can fcarcely be reckoned Articles of Trade. 
 
 FIRST CLASSY. 
 
 S o 
 
 
 
 Soolo Language. 
 
 
 
 Gold 
 
 Boo-awan 
 
 extremely fine and plentiful 
 in Maiigeedara and Ttroon, 
 
 
 Pearls 
 
 Moo-tya 
 
 many of the fineft water. 
 
 
 Tortoife-nicll 
 
 Seefick 
 
 in great plenty. 
 
 
 Camphir 
 
 Capoll 
 
 in great abundance on Borneoi 
 
 
 Gum - anemee. 
 
 Tenjoo 
 
 in confiderable quantities. 
 
 
 or Copal 
 
 
 
 
 Bezoar 
 
 Goolcga 
 
 confiderable quantities ; the 
 bed worth, at Pafflr, eight 
 times its weight in filver. 
 
 
 Birds-neft 
 
 Saangan-Boo-ong 
 
 in great plenty. 
 
 
 Wax 
 
 Taloo 
 
 
 
 Plantain-cloth 
 
 Tindook 
 
 
 
 Maiquifate 
 
 Maflboroong 
 
 
 
 Lack 
 
 Ambalao ? 
 
 little only. 
 
 
 Ambergris . 
 
 • • • • 
 
 little. 
 
 
 Civet . 
 
 • • • • 
 
 little. 
 
 L 0. 
 
 
 
 
 66 
 
 
 
 SECOND
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 5S5 
 
 SECOND CLASS. 
 
 Mother of Pearl Teepye 
 
 Staples. 
 
 Sago 
 
 Rattans 
 
 Canes 
 
 Land an g 
 
 Oowy 
 
 Malao 
 
 Cowries 
 
 Buflty 
 
 Ebany 
 Sea-flug 
 
 Atta-atta 
 Baat 
 
 Cockles (called alfo 
 Manangky, and 
 Humba, by Chinefe) 
 
 Sharks-fins 
 
 Keema 
 Seeketan 
 
 Sea-weed (called /{^j(v 
 by Chinefe) 
 
 Beetle-nut 
 
 Agal-agal 
 Poolla 
 
 Lacka-wood ' 
 
 Kaio-lacka 
 
 Dammer, or Coun- 
 try Rofin 
 
 Booleetick 
 
 (called alfo Iccha-de-mar ; 
 by Malays Trlpang, in the 
 Philipinas Balata.) 
 
 qtt, logwoods 
 
 THIRD CLASS. 
 Of which large quantities may be had in fomc time. 
 
 grows fpontaneous. 
 
 
 Cinnamon 
 
 Manna 
 
 
 Pepper 
 
 Myfa 
 
 
 Sak-petre 
 
 
 L 0. 
 
 Clove-bar k- 
 
 Coolit-lawang 
 
 6r 
 
 
 
 Ginger
 
 566 OR 
 
 lENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 Ginger 
 
 Loya 
 
 Sapan-wood 
 
 Sibucow 
 
 Cacao 
 
 Cacao 
 
 Dying-wooods 
 
 Cudarang, Bankal, Nanka, Sec. 
 
 Sugar 
 
 Suckar 
 
 Soft-dammer 
 
 Poote 
 
 Wheat 
 
 
 Rice 
 
 Boogafs 
 
 Cotton 
 
 Kapafs or Gapafs 
 
 Sandal-wood 
 
 Kaio-chindana 
 
 Red-wood 
 
 
 Indigo 
 
 Ty-yoong 
 
 Coflee 
 
 
 FOURTH CLASS. 
 
 Timber of various kinds, fit for Qiip-building, and all other 
 ufes, in any quantity, viz. Teak, Nara, Lawawn or" Poone, 
 Black -wood, Mahogany, Malawee, Bintangol, Dongon, 
 Calaotic, Palo-maria, or Alexandrian laurel, Banaba, &c. 
 
 
 Balibagoo 
 
 of the bark, is made fmail cordage exactly 
 like hemp. 
 
 
 Gum-aty 
 
 excellent for cables. 
 
 
 Wood-oil 
 
 • • 
 
 Carooang. 
 
 
 Earth-oil 
 
 
 
 Coconut-oil 
 
 Lahing. 
 
 S O O L 0. 
 
 Honey 
 
 Tenoob. 
 
 68 
 
 
 The
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 567 
 
 The Chinefe trzde from Jmoy to Sooloo ; in 1761, there were 
 two Junks; but the oppreffion ihey fuffered was a great dif- 
 couragement to the Traders : In one of the Junks, Sultan 
 BaHtilan had an intereft, to promote which, on fome frivolous 
 pretence, he laid an Embargo on the other Junk, taking the 
 Rudder on fhoar : Dato Bandahara, and others, remonftrated on 
 this condu(fl, which was injurious to the Community ; for, if 
 Strangers had not protection and juftice, it could not be 
 expefted that they would frequent the Port, and confequently 
 every one fuffer, by having no vent for the produce of their 
 Eftates : Thefe reprefenrations being inefFedtual, Dato Bandahuray 
 Oranky Mallick and Pangleema Mllaham went on board the other 
 Junk, in which the Sultan had an Intereft, and brought its 
 rudder alfo on fhoar, informing the Sultan, that when He 
 difcharged the one. They would releafe the other, but not till 
 then : The Sultan was thus compelled to do the C^/V/^y? juftice, 
 to his own difgrace, but much to the Credit of Bandahara, and 
 his Friends. 
 
 The Chinefe Cargoes chiefly confift of Cangans, a coarfe 
 Cotton Cloth ; of Nankin Cloth, called Cozifoong ; and Cajl-Iron 
 Pans. Their returns made chiefly in Pearls, Mother of Pearl, 
 Birds - Neft, Beetle - nut, Sea - Slug, Cockles, Lacka - wood, 
 Ebany, and Agal-agal. 
 
 The Bugguefe alfo trade at Sooloo, chiefly bringing the Cotton 
 Manufaftures of Celebes ; but, in general, they only touch at 
 Sooloo, in their way to Manila, or other Places : I am ignorant 
 in what their returns are made, except in Slaves. 
 
 o L o. y H The 
 
 69
 
 S o o L o e. 
 
 70 
 
 568 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 The Sooloos feldom go, in their own Veflels, to Foreign Parts, 
 except on predatory Expeditions, making Slaves of the poor 
 helplefs Inhabitants of the Philipinas ; although thefe Piratical 
 Excurfions arc chiefly made from the Outports, as the Sooloos 
 have not been at war with the Spaniards for fome time. 
 
 The Sultan, Bantilan, more than once fent an Ambajfador 
 to Pekin ; which was, properly fpeaking, a Commercial Spe- 
 culation : for the Emperor of China confiders the PreJentSy 
 brought by Ambajfadors, as a Tribute from a Vajfal; and the 
 Prejents, fent in return, being made with liberality, Bantilan 
 found it a profitable Commerce : His Ambajfadors always went 
 on board the China Junks to Amoy» 
 
 Chap. X.
 
 ORIENTAL REPEPv.TORY. 
 
 569 
 
 Chap. X. 
 
 Their freights and Meafures. 
 
 It cannot be doubted the Chinefe communicated their Weights 
 to all the adjacent Countries ; thefe are fufficiendy known to 
 Europeans: a Pekool being equal to 1334-lb. avoirdupois, and 41b. 
 being equal to 3 catties ; 100 of which make a Pekool. But as 
 the Sooloos have adopted fome terms, not common to the Chinefe, 
 and corrupted others, by Pronunciation; I have, in the following 
 Table, reprefented the Sooho Weights, and their relation to the 
 Chinefe terms. 
 
 Sooloo Ifeights. 
 10 Moohook 
 
 
 Chinefe Weights. 
 10 Cafh make 1 Candareen 
 
 Socio* Weights. 
 
 ' I Oolandang, tr 
 Choochock 
 
 10 Oolan-dang, 
 Choochock 
 
 ..} 
 
 10 Candareens 
 
 I RIace 
 
 I Aramas 
 
 10 Amnias 
 
 
 10 Mace . 
 
 I Taile 
 
 I Taile 
 
 16 Taile 
 
 
 16 Taile . 
 
 I Catty 
 
 I Catty 
 
 5 Cattys 
 
 
 (« Cattys) 
 
 
 1 Booboot 
 
 10 Booboot 
 
 
 (50 Cattys) 
 
 
 I Lackfa 
 
 a Lackfa 
 
 
 100 Cattys 
 
 I Pekool 
 
 I Pekool. 
 
 The Weights of the Bajows, in the Sooloo Iflands, are faid to be 
 heavier than the Standard; however an impUcit Confidence is 
 not to be refted in their Dotchin ; and as there is no abfolute 
 Rule, for determining the diiference, it is impoflible to reduce 
 them to a Table. 
 
 The neceffity of a Current Coin, is no how more obvious, 
 
 than from die inconvenient Expedients, they are obliged to make 
 
 ufe of. Having no Money, diey reckon by Sanampoory, Cangan 
 
 y, ' and
 
 570 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 and Cow/oong, or Nankin : the firft a term only, and the fecond 
 a Coarfe China Cotton Cloth, which goes in payment of Goods, 
 and are reckoned equal to a Dollar. In fmall Payments they 
 make ufe of Paddy, or Rue in die hujl ; which riles and falls 
 according to the plenty or fcarcity of Grain. In their Accounts, 
 they fometimcs reckon by Spanijh Money, but commonly by 
 Cang-gan and Sanampoory, of which die following is the rate. 
 
 4 Sanampoory i Cang-gan of 6 fathoms long. 
 
 4 Sanampoory i Cowfoong of 4 fathoms. 
 
 The Cang-gan was formerly 7 fathom long, but as the 
 Ch'inefe fuftered by Impofitions here, they have debafed the 
 Manufadure, and contraftcd the Meafure ; which Example the' 
 Natives fo well imitate, that it fcarce happens a Cang-gan is 
 found even 6 fathom : This, added to the Natural Inconvenience 
 of fuch a Currency, makes them extremely defirous that a Coin 
 may be introduced, and alfo that a Meafure be fixed on, inftead 
 of the precarious one of a Man's fathom, and cubit. ' "• 
 
 The Ufe of Paddy as a Currency, may perhaps have introduced 
 the Cuftom of meafuring, inftead of weighing, Grain, and fome 
 Commodities, as Cowries, &c. They reckon 
 
 8 Panching, or | Coco-Nut Shells i Gantang. 
 10 Gjiutang .... I Raga. 
 
 The Gantang of Rice, is reckoned to weigh four Cattys ; according 
 to which Calculation 2\ Raga, or 25 Gantang y is equal to one 
 Pekool, and alfo to a Cawan of Manila, 
 
 S L 0. PART III. 
 
 7z
 
 OHIENTAL REPERTORY. 571 
 
 PART iir. 
 
 ESSAY towards the HISTORY of SOOLOO. 
 
 Every attempt, to inveftigate the Hiftory of the Eaftern 
 Nations, has a claim to Attention from the uncommonnefs of the 
 Subjed : The general Ignorance, 'till very lately, was beyond 
 Credibility; and though the Thick Cloud, which obfcured the 
 Hijlory of Indostan, has, in good meafure, been difpelled by 
 fome late Trads-, By the remarkable Events, of which it has 
 been the fcene ; and by it's having become the Common Topick 
 of Converfation; yet the Publick continue ftill much in the 
 dark, in regard to the Countries, which lye farther Eaflward : 
 This Confideration has induced the Author of this Effay, to 
 endeavour to give a Clue to the Htjlory of Sooloo, by which, 
 hereafter, others may be enabled to purfue the Subjeft. 
 
 Had the Author been pofleflcd of fuch a Work, he would 
 have been enabled to have gone much greater lengths; but 
 wanting fome General Heads, the Converfations, he had, were 
 the lefs fatisfaiflory, and prccife, from his Ignorance ; which did 
 not permit the proper enquiries : Occupations alfo intervened, 
 and the Converfations, by which he at laft attained to a tolerably 
 exadl idea, of the prefent State of Sooloo, were merely accidental, 
 when, after long acquaintance, at times a free intercourfe had 
 opened the heart without referve; The Author cannot but 
 lament, that in fo fhort a Period, thofe who were the beft able 
 to convey the Information, necelfary to compleat the Subjedt, 
 have been fwept off, fince He firfl vifited Sooloo, in 1761 ; 
 The oldejl were the bejl informed, and of thefe many have paid 
 73 7 I their 
 
 o o L o o.
 
 S O O L O 0. 
 
 74 
 
 572 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 their Debt to Nature; and now few are left, who have the 
 knowledge of any remarkable Events, but from fecond hand. 
 
 The Author had great hopes of fatlsfaftion, from the Sooloo 
 Hijlories ; but here he met with frequent difappointments : 
 Promifes he received many, but accidents prevented the com- 
 pletion of forae, others were never intended to be fulfilled, and 
 feme were deceitful ; amongft the reft, after much trouble, 
 and fome Expence, he received a Book in the Malay Chara£iers, 
 juft on his departure from Sooloo, defcribed to be the Hijlory he 
 required ; which upon enquiry, after his return, he learnt to be 
 only the tranfcript of fome Arabian Fables. Hence, although 
 the Author does not relinquifh his hopes, or purfuits, he can 
 give little more at prefent, from the Sooloos, than a Table of 
 their Princes ; and a few circumftances, regarding the Succejftons, 
 and Spanijli Expeditions, The Spanijh Writers are what he muft 
 chiefly follow, though with the utmoft care not to be led 
 aftray, by the Errors which have crept into thefe Writers, from 
 their ignorance in the Geography, and inteftine Hijiory of Sooloo: 
 Amongft others, we find mention made of the King of Tabitabit 
 Had they been acquainted with the Sooloo Affairs, it would 
 have been found. This was the fame Per/on, who was fo near 
 furprizing Samboangan (Vide Letcres Edifiantes, v. 23. p. 397) 
 viz. Mahomud Badarodin, who retired from Sooloo, to Doongoon 
 in Tawee-Tawee ; and returned to the afliftance of the Sooloos, 
 when they were attacked by the Spaniards, 
 
 Badarodin, it is true, might without much impropriety be 
 called King of Tawee-Tawee, as he is generally denominated 
 Sn/tan Doongoon, by the Soobos, But the manner the Spaniards 
 mention it, naturally implies that Tawee-Tawee and Sooloo, 
 were diftincl Kingdoms, which can fcarcely be allowed, during 
 
 Badarodin s
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 573 
 
 Badarodin s Life, to have been the Cafe, and never was 
 before, or fince. 
 
 The Chief Objeft of this EJfay, is to evince the Scoloo Inde- 
 pendancy, to which thefe Hijlorical Anecdotes are only an Intro- 
 dudtion ; and for this reafon it has been thought expedient to 
 make a feparation of the Antient and Modern Hijlory ; referring 
 to the former all incidents which occurred before 1734; when 
 the prefent Sultan fucceeded to the Throne ; and to the laft, all the 
 Circumftances which I have been able to colled of the late 
 Tranfadlions, whether regarding the Spaniards, or others. 
 
 As the Proofs, deduced fix)m original Papers, will plainly 
 evince the Modern Independance, it will excufe a difcuflion of the 
 Antient SpaniJJ} Pretenjions in this quarter. * 
 
 The prefent Sultan has promifed the Autlior, A detail of all 
 the Circumftances, fince his firft acceffion ; particularly regarding 
 the Spaniards, whofe protedtion he claimed, and by whom he 
 was afterwards put in irons. 
 
 The Mkrquis of Enfenada's Letter, plainly confutes the SpaniJJ} 
 Allegation, in defence of their Conduft, " that the Sultan was 
 " detefted, in illicit Correfpondence, and double dealing." Were 
 the proofs much clearer than they are, the moft they could make 
 of it, would be " The Biter bit." As it is evident, from that 
 Letter, the Spanijlo Plan was formed, before the Sidtan had givea 
 any ground, for their perfidy ; although they were fairly out- 
 witted, if not out-bullied, by the Sooloos ; for it is obvious that 
 
 the- 
 
 O L O 0. 
 
 * Vide " Full and clear Proof that the Spaniards can have no claim t» 
 75 Balamhangan," 8to. 1 774.
 
 S L 0. 
 76 
 
 574 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 the Spaniards fuffered more by the Expences of the Expedition, 
 and the difgrace it did them, than the Sooloos, by any mifchief 
 from the Spaniards : and, from a full knowledge of both, the 
 Author is convinced That the reduSlion and maintaining Sooloo. 
 under the Spanijl) Yoak, is beyond the pou-er of the Philippine 
 Government. 
 
 The Redudion of the MooriJ]} States, has been a favourite Objedt 
 in the Manila Politicks, ever fmce the SpaniJJo EJlablipment there; 
 but it has always been much eafier effefted in Speculation, than 
 FraSlice : For many years paft, the Spaniards have been lofing 
 ground ; and, perhaps, arming the Indians is the only method 
 of freeing the Spanijlo IJlands, from the invafton of the Moors : 
 However, this is a flep not very confident with Spanip Caution, 
 and, perhaps, too dangerous ever to be attempted : This 
 Subjeft will particularly occur hereafter, and the Author means 
 to be very particular on this Head, as it may be extremely 
 ufeful, in cafe we purfue an Intereft in this Quarter. 
 
 To SooLoo, (which, as well as the Philipinas, was antiently 
 under the Dominion of Borneo) then an obfcure Place, a Bajow, 
 from Jehore, retired with a beautiful Daughter, whom the Jehore 
 Sultan wanted to place amongft his Mijlrejfes. The Fame of This 
 Beauty drew many of the Eajlern Princes to Sooloo, and amongft 
 the reft One from Java, who won the Prize ; executing the 
 penalties enjoined by the Father ; which were, to introduce 
 Elephants, Spotted Deer, &c. the Javan making a Voyage to 
 SiAM, for the purpofe. He continued at Sooloo till his death, 
 which happened foon after, leaving his beautiful fVidoiv : Some 
 time after a Serif, driven hither by ftrefs of weather, was com- 
 pelled by the Natives, to an agreeable Penance^ in the enjoyment 
 
 of
 
 r 'jrr f 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 575 
 
 of Beai'tv and a Crmuir,. and irom this Defcendant of Mabomr, thc; 
 preient Sultan is Iprung. 
 
 The following is theLz/? of their Sovereigns, as they reckon them, 
 but feveral intermediate have mouBted the Throne; either omitted, 
 in the General Lift, as Co-temporaries, or as Ufurpers : Thcfe are 
 inferted here, but in an advanced Line. 
 
 Sultans. 
 Sultan Serif. 
 
 Cam-al-Odin . . Son to Sultan Serif ^^' the Bajow Princcfs. 
 
 Maharaja Oopoo . So/t to Cam-al-Odin. 
 
 Pangeran Boddeeman Son to Oopoo. 
 
 Marahom Tang-a . Son to Boddeeman. 
 
 Maraham Bongfo . Son to Tang-a, 
 
 Marahom Caramat or 
 
 Baftial, cal/ed alfo Jal Alodin . Son to Bongfo. 
 
 Seetecabeel, called alfo hrrvpy . Sahabodin's 5'//??r.* 
 Sahabodin Son of Badlial 
 
 Jual Pallawan, called alfo 
 
 Sapheodin, . Sahabodin's Brother. 
 
 Mahomud Badorodin . Badtial's Bafiard Son, h a Tiroon 
 
 Woman, generally denominated Sultan Doongoon. 
 
 Mahomed Naflarodin, (1731) Grandfon to Sahabodin, by 
 
 Mother, commonly called Depatuan. He reigned 3 Tears. 
 
 Mahomed Alhmodin, (i 734) Son /oBadarodin, /^/aSoppen Woman. 
 
 Marahom Mahomud Mo-i-Jodin, (1748) or 
 
 Bantilan . Allimodin's younger Brother. 
 Mahomud Allimodin II. (1763) Son /o Bantilan. 
 tal Polynefia, Mahomed Allimodin I. reflored, 1764. 
 
 77 According 
 
 O L O O. * By Oraniy Ogoo, Sbi y.'z% Coujtn, and aotSi/ler, to SahaboMn. ^ 
 
 77 7K
 
 576 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 According to Sir Ifaac Newton s Computation of the Reign of 
 Princes, the Sooloo State arofe about the beginning of the 1 5th 
 Century, however, as Maraham Bonpfa was on the Throne 
 in 1646, Tlie Six Pritues, including him, taken at 20 years, 
 the higheft of Sir Ifaac Newton s computation, places Sultan Serif 
 about 1526, and as Soolo was vifitcd by the Spaniards, in the 
 Ficlory's Voyage, 1521, probably the Origin of the Kingdom 
 was not later, as otherwife it would fcarccly have been then 
 mentioned ; * The long life of Baciial, will account for the 
 exception, which follows, to the Nrntonian Syftem of Chronolog)'. 
 
 Oranky Ogoo gave to me, on Saturday 8th, [Auguft, 1 76 1 f] the 
 following Account of the Sultans of Sooloo, which he had 
 feen ; Oranky Ogoo was Grandfather to Bahatol [or Bahalatol, 
 as thefe Notes call him] and muft have been conliderably above 
 100 years of age, as his Grandfon, Bahatol, was reckoned to be 
 90 years old. 
 
 •• Sultans of Sooloo, 
 
 Marahom Bongfo. 
 
 Sultan Jal Alodin, or Badlial. 
 
 Seetecabeel, a Female. 
 
 Saha-Boddin, . Son of Badial. 
 
 Jual Pallawan, . Boddin's Brother. 
 
 Mahomud 
 
 * Here it may not be amifs to coireft an Error of fome Spanijh Writers, 
 who, confounding yolo, ox Sooloo., with Jilolo, fay the Sultan of //, united with 
 the Sfaniarili and TiJore, againft Tcrnate, and the Portuguefi, fo early 
 as 1526. ^ 
 
 ■f- The Notes do not mark the Month or Year, but it muft be Augujt 1761, 
 
 OnentCll PohncJtCt' for the o^^^ Saturdays, on which the 8:h of the Month fell, from lytii, when 
 
 „o 1 firft vifited Sooloo, to 1764, when I was hift there: were Auguft 1 761, 
 
 May i/'iz, Jannary and Oiftober 1763, and September and December 1764. 
 
 C ^ /^ r o /n In Mav 1762, I was at Madrafs. In January 1763 at of-^ off Pandoolon, 
 
 In Oftober 1763 at Manila'. In September 1764, on the Pnjfage from 
 
 1^ BAL.'iJUBANGAN to SooLoo, and Lu Deccmbsr 1764 in CaiNA. ^
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 577* 
 
 Mahomud Badorodin, . Badlial's illegitimate Son, by a 
 
 Tiroon Woman. 
 
 Mahomed Naffarodin, Grand/on to Sahaboddin, by His 
 
 Mother. 
 Mahomed Allimodin, t 
 
 Mahomud Mo-i-Jodmi ^^'^^'^^^^'^ ''^^'"• 
 
 " Seetecabeel, reigned /owr o'c five years j-f Utr Mother was 
 Sijier to Ba£lial, and Her Father, Bar tammy, Rajah of Boyhan, 
 on Magindanao; Sahabodin was young, when ftie reioned; 
 flie married a Rajah of Ilanon. 
 
 " In Sahabodin s reign the Chinefe firft came to trade here. 
 
 " Badarodin was made Sultan by His Brother, againft the 
 inclination of the People ; He reigned long and governed well, 
 but, although he was a great Warriour, he was never fuccefsful; 
 Najfarodin rebelled againft him [in 1731] and he retired to 
 Dongon [or Doongoon on 'Taivee-Tazvee~\. 
 
 " In Badarodin's reign the Portuguefe came twice hither to 
 trade : Before this a large Spaniard, from Batavia, ran on Ihoar 
 and went to pieces. 
 
 " When Badarodin retired to Dongon, he carried with him 
 the Guns ; of which the Chinefe acquainted the Spaniards; who, 
 above 30 years ago, when Najarodin reigned here, came againft 
 Sooloo; Their Fleet, in all, confifted of above 30 veffcls; 
 3 Galleys, 1 Galleot, 2 Frigates, 4 Junks, and many fmall veffels. 
 
 " Sultan Badarodin, hearing at Dongon of the arrival of the 
 
 Spaniards, by fome Dongon People, who retired from Soo/oo, prepared 
 
 efjfal Polynefia. ^" armament ag:'.inft them ; fome Sooloos, who had departed 
 
 before the Spaniards arrived, retarded him, by reporting that 
 
 there 
 Sooloo. ■ - 
 
 79 
 
 t Another Report faid ; years. ^
 
 *578 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 there was no war : But, on gaining certain Intelligence, 
 he came to Sooloo, and the Spaniards retired : They had been 
 above a month before the Place ; but, being repulfed in their 
 firft attempt to land, they never again landed : above 30 of 
 the Spaniards were killed in the firft attempt, five being Whites; 
 The Armament confiftcd of about 20 Whites, and a great 
 many Blacks : The Spaniards took the Sooloo Colours, and the 
 Sooloos the Spanijh Colours, when they landed. 
 
 " Najfarodin reigned three years, and then called to Sooloo 
 AUaniodin, who fucceeded his Father at Dongon. Najfaroditt 
 died 8 or 10 years ago. 
 
 " Allimodin reigned here 20 years.* The Spaniards then 
 had Colours on the Fort ; which was garrifoned by above 
 100 SpaniJI} Soldiers, in the Sultan's Service : There was a Padre, 
 named Bafiian, allowed to refide here, but no Church. 
 
 " Jllimodin was veiy fevere, but generous, giving much, 
 if but a little was alked ; He ufed to walk round the Fort, 
 and if he found any body without provifions, he would fend a 
 fupply early in the morning, and would order any Houfes he 
 faw in want of repair, to be repaired : Had it not been for 
 this, His Government would not have been endured. The 
 Spaniards then traded hither; and 3 or 4 [China'] Junks 
 annually." 
 
 [26th Sept. 1792. The Circumftances, come to my know- 
 ledge, of the Hifiory of Sooloo, not being written o\^t fair, cannot 
 be, at prefent, laid before The Public ; as I have not now Icifure 
 to examine, and digeft, the Notes that I have on the Subjeft. 
 
 Oriental Pohncfia. I \\^\t, however, added Lifts of the BoRnean Sovereigns, and 
 Oq of thofe of Magindanao, asl received them from the Sooloos.'] 
 
 S o o I. o 
 So 
 
 List 
 
 * By liis own Report to me, 14 years. j2)
 
 J R N E O. 
 
 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 LIST of the SOVEREIGNS 
 
 O F 
 
 BORNEO. 
 
 ^77 
 
 Marahom Toombang Deroompoot, The Firft in their Hiftory, 
 
 about Caramat's Reigru 
 De Poolow. 
 
 Bongfo. 
 Abdool. 
 
 Ufleen, or De looba. 
 
 Di Bornai, or Appoong. 
 
 De Patooan, or Saiph Odin^ the prefent Sultan. 
 
 LIST
 
 I 
 
 578 ORIENTAL REPERTORY. 
 
 LIST of the SOVEREIGNS 
 
 O F 
 
 MAGINDANAO. 
 
 Capkain Laut. 
 
 Wappat, named Coo-darat. 
 Pangcran Tidory. 
 Minoolu Sarahamal UUa. 
 
 Mowlana. 
 Annoo wal. 
 Jaffar. 
 Malinoog. 
 
 Sultan Hamfa. 
 
 Pongloc. now reigning. 
 
 End or Volume I.
 
 GENERAL INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 /\bAI, 508, 536, 537, 
 
 538. 
 Acheen, 66, 389, 540. 
 Achempetta, 63. 
 Adjodcah, now called OuJe, 
 
 299. 
 AJoni, 236. 
 Adtiapilly, i;g. 
 Acripillec, 435. 
 Agra, as7, 291, 297, 299, 
 
 323. 304. 3'='i>, 3°/' 3". 
 
 313, 314, 406,407,412. 
 Ahoinedpore, 493. 
 Akberabad, i;/W. Agra. 
 Akoat Fort, 322, 323. 
 Akowlah, 33:. 
 Akutporc, 196, 
 Alaram, 486, 
 Aldea, 77. 
 Alia, 104. 
 Allahabad Soubah, 257, 
 
 269, 270, 271, 275, 2i)(i, 
 
 328, 403, 406, 4o3, 418. 
 Alleltar, 400, 401. 
 Aliour, 58, 62. 
 AUumer, 484. 
 Alkir, 486. 
 AlminJa, 4S9. 
 Alniun, 486. 
 Alfoudy, 469. 
 Ambarrec, 263. 
 Air,boong, 53b, 537. 
 Ameer Pete, 483. 
 Ameerpoorc, 27S. 
 Amliporc, 436, 441. 
 Amnere Fcrt, 322. 
 Aminy Gauw, 471, 472. 
 
 • Gawn, 491. 
 
 Amorc, 335. 
 Amoy, 567, <;6S. 
 Ainrawtrce, 263, 324. 
 Amur, 403. 
 Andre, 413. 
 Aukapcllce, 489. 
 Anouplhclur, 415. 
 Anwont Pockcrnc, 279. 
 AjiLibookit, 401. 
 Apuroupilly, Oi. 
 Apo-Lamboo, 521. 
 Aracan, 403. 
 
 Archipelago, 45S, 459, 506. 
 
 A' dinghy, 53, 54,55,63,64. 
 
 Arracan, 103, ic8, 1 12, 1 17, 
 
 118, 131, 132,227, 228, 
 
 403- 
 
 Arrackporc, 446, 447. 
 
 Arrakan, River ot, 117. 
 
 Ariie, 484. 
 
 Ariynuddy, 48^. 
 
 Allitah, 259. 
 
 Alia, 13. 
 
 Alier fort, 410. 
 
 Aiiore, 486. 
 
 Atta Pete, 484. 
 
 Aticour Hill, 61, 
 
 Attoopoorah, 279. 
 
 Auinut])our, 430, 438, 44^. 
 
 Auruiigabad, 329, 405, 40.J. 
 410, 481. 
 
 Ava, 97, 98, 100, to 104, 
 107, 108, 109, III, 1 12, 
 114, 116, 117, 118, 130, 
 to 134, 144, 147, 1^4, 
 161, 163, 164, 168, 169, 
 170, 172, 174, l;5, 170, 
 179, 185, 191, 195, 203, 
 210, 21 1, 213, 2[6, 217, 
 
 363. 364. 372. 373> 379. 
 
 382, 386, 390, 398. 
 Ava Dominions, 100, 142. 
 Ava River, 98, 1 1 1, to 1 14, 
 
 117, 118, 17s, 364. 
 Awatiy, 470. 
 Aynam, 91, 92, 241. 
 Azem, 107, 118. 
 Azmere Soubah, 257, 25S, 
 Babagfowka, 524, 
 Babatoo, 531. 
 Babawan, 524. 
 Baguaii, 533. 
 Bahalatolis, 532. 
 Balanibangan, 499,502,573. 
 Balalore, 432, 433, 434, 
 
 439. 448. 498. 
 Bala. ore River, 450 
 Balaforc Road, 350, 391. 
 Balcotty, 494. 
 Balengur, 305. 
 Baliapokcr, 493. 
 Balkcc, 474, 475. 
 Balieeo.injjan, 524 
 Ballip.tafli, 446. 
 Ballook ballook, 523. 
 B;'.llunr4;iram, 483. 
 Baninnia, 476. 
 Banibannan, 521. 
 Bamtigin, 340. 
 Banarran, 524. 
 Bandaarpily, 61. 
 Bandee, 299. 
 Bandehr, 278. 
 
 7L 
 
 Bandekund, 269, 271, 272, 
 
 273. 274, 275, 280, 406, 
 
 418. 
 Bangalore, 232. 
 Ban ao, 522, 524. 
 Bang-eeng-c, 522. 
 Baiigiie), 534, 535. 
 Banmee River, 496. 
 Bankoka, 534. 
 Bankooncjan, 509, 513. 
 Bara Baity, 495. 
 B.irv Moutik, 415. 
 Jianimooty, 472 
 Burawa, 428, 437, 444. 
 Bardee, 491. 
 Birong, 528. 
 B.irow, 528. 
 Baroongar, 528. 
 Barrier in the Pais, 60, 
 Baf-bas, 517, 519, 521. 
 Ba'deu Pafs, 467. 
 Bafeelan, 505, 508, 509, 
 
 522, 523. 
 Baffain, orBadim, 184, ic2. 
 Baflauda Gunjc, 259. 
 Ba(reebooilec, 524. 
 Batavia, 87, 88, 89, 119, 
 
 281, 2P2, 283, 284, :8s, 
 
 286, 287, 577*. 
 Bato-bato, 513. 
 Batoolgool, 486. 
 Batotapak, 524. 
 Batto, 524. 
 Bay ot Bengal, 69, 75. 
 Bayt-bayt, 518. 
 Bedawir, 407, 418. 
 Bcdir, Fort, 410. 
 Beedcr, 476, 477. 
 Bceka, 489, 
 Beclattan, 524. 
 Bcentocolan, 524. 
 Bccrna River, 4''>8, 469. 
 Becmwaram, 485. 
 Beerpa Nuddy, or Rivar, 
 
 495. 496- 
 Bcerfa, 263. 
 Beefapore, 400. 
 Boctenan, 500, 5 '.4. 
 Behound, 418. 
 Behour, 41S. 
 Behro Ghur, or Mahadow 
 
 Ghur, 265. 
 Bejapore, 403, 405. 
 Bikindcra, 406. 
 Bclah, 333. 
 Belawn, 522, 
 
 Bellnm conda, 63, 64. 
 Belflja, 259, 261, 262, 278, 
 
 298. 
 Benares, 269,275,318,328, 
 
 4.8. 
 Bencoolcn, 15, 562. 
 Bengal, 26, 28, 44, log, to 
 
 jii, 119, 121, 129, 131, 
 
 177, 190, 221, 122, 302, 
 
 3:7. 3 '8, 343. 348, 3^o. 
 351, to 356, 367, 368, 
 
 3:0. 373. 374. 379- 382, 
 384. 3 0.391. 393. 4^^- 
 
 Bengal, River of, 13a. 
 
 Benjar, 535, 558. 
 
 Bcnonee, 538. 
 
 Bcpounour, 239. 
 
 Berar, 322, 325. 
 
 Berour, 406, 407, 418. 
 
 Berlingpoore, 278 
 
 6ezoa:a Pafs, 435. 
 
 Bhaiignagur, 479, 
 
 Bh nd, 292, 294, 306. 
 
 BhirtpooreFortrel's,304,3io. 
 
 Bhoor Gaut, 467. 
 
 Bhoor Gawn, 491. 
 
 Bhorud Gauw, 469. 
 
 Bhouferee, 473, 474, 
 
 Bhudcruck, 497, 498. 
 
 Bian:i, 258, 314, 341. 
 
 Bidallah, 533. 
 
 Biddiiiore, 231, f^3, 240. 
 
 Biddowr, 327, 330. 
 
 Bi'^aiiiah, 448, 498. 
 
 Binganapilly, 62. 
 
 Billaogaan, 541. 
 
 B llebillcaii, 533, 
 
 Bimlipatam, 426, 437, 443. 
 
 Binningin, 340. 
 
 Birang, 530. 
 
 Birdce, 279. 
 
 Birge, 303. 
 
 Biflaya, 547, to 5;!. 
 
 Biliaya Illands, 548. 
 
 Boaan, 533. 
 
 Boanpore, 490. 
 
 Bodaw.ida, 53, 
 
 Bodee River, 489. 
 
 Bodewall, 53, 54. 
 
 Bomaverum Peak, 60, 6r. 
 
 Bombay, 66 
 
 Bondela, 273. 
 
 Bopaul, 257, 25S, 260, to 
 263. 
 
 Booal, 509, 513. 
 
 Booal Bay, 51a, ?i3. 
 
 Boobooun,
 
 INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 Boo!io6.Tji, 517, 540, 51*. 
 Bdod Dato, 509, 511. 
 Boid Seflam, i;3i. 
 Boody River, 497. 
 Book.otl.ipces, 524. 
 BooKOoton, 522. 
 Bpolee(x}on'p(ng,<i 5,516. 
 Boole Kootin. 509, 5.4. 
 Booloongan,' 5*8, 
 Biioaboon, 513. 
 Btior.impoorc, 471. 
 Bourum, 47a. 
 Boinean Empire, 548, 55 1, 
 
 552- 
 Born.o, 66, ;oi, 504, 506, 
 
 508, 537, 530, to 537, 
 
 538, 540, 547, JO, 553, 
 
 558, 560, 574, ^77' 
 Borneo Proper, 508,52 7,536. 
 Bouhtatal, 407. 
 Bouhwind, 411. 
 Boiingaan, 418. 
 Bouria, 4(3. 
 Bowchagang, i44> i68i 
 Bow Gawouly, 471. 
 Bow-Wan, 524. 
 Boyhan, 577*. 
 Bragou, 1 12. 
 
 Bubiian, 524, 526. n ^ 
 
 Buddi ick, 432, 439, 447,44*," 
 Budger Cotta, 492. 
 Bugair River, 61, 
 Biiggcliana, 257. 
 Bill Country, 240. 
 Band Achill, 279. 
 Buhvantn, 494. 
 Bundehr, 273. 
 Bunderabun, 306, 
 Bunktah, 313. 
 BuraghiDaliCaiDp, 1447! 77, 
 
 191. . 
 
 Biuagbmah Dominions, 98, 
 
 108, 128, 133, 137, 169, 
 
 170. 
 Burgur, 269. 
 Biirhampoor, or Brampoor, 
 
 330. 
 Burbanporc, 410. 
 Bun null, 496, 497. 
 Biinvah, 431, 4^8, .447. 
 BuiTaiit, J 79. 
 Kuilur, 341. 
 Buzzar, 235. 
 Byturnee River, 497. 
 Cabul, 314. 
 Cachong, 76 77. 
 Cagayan SooIjo, 533, 534. 
 Calapoor Fori, 3.< 1- 
 Calcutta, 6, J 2 7, 248, 398, 
 
 4T9, 420, 423 429, 433, 
 
 434, 4(9, 440, 450. 
 Calingapaum, 444, 
 
 Calleanpoore, 279. 
 CuUian Ghur, 278. 
 Calkrcut, 2:^7, 238. 
 Cllirigcr Fort, 275, 276. 
 Calou.kc, 47CX 
 CaJpee, 418. 
 Ciilvay, 60, 61. 
 Cambodia, 67, 68, 84, 87, 
 
 88, go, 91, 106, 107, 1 14, 
 
 281, to 286. 
 Canima, or Camniah, 146, 
 
 168, 173, 174, 176. 
 Cananorc, 238. 
 Canairics, a. 
 Cnndehir River, 59, 60. 
 Cannaguerry, 53, 54. 
 Canton, 87,-68, tii, 28 r, 
 
 to 286. 
 Carmulla, 470, 47.1. 
 Carnatic, 2B, 236. 
 Car Nicobars, 351, 353. 
 Caroar, 51;. 
 Carwar, 58, 62. 
 Caiay, 117. 
 Caflay, 107, 108, ii2, 116, 
 
 117, 152. 
 Caflem Cotta, 488, 489. 
 Calfi, 117. 
 Caflimore Conda, or Hill, 
 
 ■■57. 59- 
 
 Caflioporaum, 424, 430, 442. 
 CatamuUvarec, 240. 
 Cateiicgur, 439. 
 Catinghiior, 484. 
 Cattack, 317,319,321,431, 
 438, 446, to 449, 493, to 
 
 495- 
 Celebes, 528, 551, 567. 
 Ceylan, 119. 
 Cliagang, Chagong, or 
 
 Chajganj, 168, 169, J 70. 
 Chninapalke, 59. 
 Cl'.ambel River, 311. 
 Champa, 67, 68, 84, 90, 91, 
 
 241. 
 ChampcHo, Iflands of, 75? 
 Chunah ? 317. 
 
 79, 89, 241, 249. 
 Chandah, 315, 316, 319, 
 
 320. 3i3> 3*6, 339- 
 Chafe Helaar, 418. 
 Chnt'gan, 104, i la. 
 Chaiinee, 279. 
 Chawiii, 41b. 
 Cheeamil, 484. 
 ChcrcuU, or Cheriau, 237. 
 Cheele, 490. 
 Cherriapoore, 279, 
 Cherall, 484, 
 Chetefgur, 317. 
 Chiamay Lake, 112. 
 Chlcacole, 25;, 447, 437, 
 
 443> 444> 490' 
 
 Chicacole River, 490. 
 ChickhoUic, 239. 
 Ch'.cotta Feak, 64. 
 Ch'curta, 53. 
 
 Chief of Ganjam's Hunting- 
 Seat, 438. 
 Chilcur, 485. 
 ChJlka Lake, 438, 445, 49*, 
 
 493- 
 Chilka River, 474, 
 
 Chilkur, 486. 
 
 Chillimbruon, 236. 
 
 Chilmurrce, 478. 
 
 Chiloudy, 469. 
 
 China, 55, 83, 98, 102, 108, 
 1 10, to J 13, 152, 246, 
 2+7, 248, 2^0, 284, 385, 
 286, 388, 540, 563. 
 
 Chinabackccr, 1 12. 
 
 Chin.ipalera, 62. 
 
 China Seas, 505. 
 
 Chinchotilcc, 473. 
 
 Chinchowra, 473. 
 
 Chindun Cotah, 239. 
 
 Chingha Pahary, 485. 
 
 Chinna-GollapolLam, 436, 
 
 Chintapilly, 63, 64. 
 
 Chiringee, 439, 440. 
 
 Chitcool, 479. 
 
 Chittagong, 15, 
 
 Chittell, 60. 
 
 Chittcl Pafs, 54 
 
 Chittour, 405, 406. 
 
 Chittlediug, 233. 
 
 Choromandel, 37, 69, 75, 
 1 10, 120, 121, 132, 221, 
 225, 251, 343. 
 
 Choukcy, 354, 358, 371, 
 
 ^383, 467. 
 
 Choultry, 445. 
 
 Choutra Sirani«da, 6o. 
 
 Chucklah, 296, 
 
 Chumbal, 303. 
 
 Chunibal River, 271. 
 
 Chundcly Fort, 261. 
 
 Chundere Malwa, 311. 
 
 Churakootce, 497. 
 
 Chut'an, 287. 
 
 Chuta, Nagpore, 320. 
 
 Circar, 232. 
 
 Coanjong, Quala of, 68, 
 143, 1O2, 168. 
 
 Cochin, 38, 
 
 CoehLii-Chiiia, 6?, 66, 67, 
 69, to 74, 88, 89, 90, 92, 
 104, no, 114, 241, 244, 
 246, 2;i, &c. 281,10286. 
 
 Cochin-Chinefe Court, 67. 
 
 Cockanara, g. 
 
 Coco Iflands, 132. 
 
 Coharee River, 311. 
 
 Cokondai' 475,482. 
 
 Collagotla, 6t. 
 Colour, 60. 
 Colway, 54. 
 Combcrce, 310. 
 Combere Fortrcfs, 305. 
 Combom, 53. 54, 55. 
 Coirbum Hill, 54, 
 Comeral, 53, 54. 
 Conara, 426, 437, 443. 
 Concole, 435. 
 Condapillec, 435. 
 Condavir, 63. 
 Conjoiig, Lower, 140, 168. 
 Coo-adbalfang, 514. 
 Cooly Babang, 531, 
 Coapaiig, 53 r. 
 Coopiapaud, 63. 
 Coorg Country, 233, 238, 
 
 239, 240, 
 Coravcllovir, 6a. 
 Coring.!, 12, 41, 436. 
 Corundcrbauny, 2:59. 
 Coryvc, 59 
 Coflbur, 64. 
 
 Cotangurry, 237,238, 239. 
 Cotate Fort, 240. 
 Cotiotc Country, 240. 
 Cottapilla, 5. 
 
 CottapolLim, 427. 437, 443* 
 Cotta-cotta, 54, , 
 
 Cuttemulwapilly, 239. ^ 
 Coupcrapaudoo, 64. ' 
 
 Courchier, 54, 55. J- 
 
 Court of Sinoa, 80, 83, 89.. 
 Cowa, 471. 
 Crean, 399, 402. 
 Cudapah, 53. 
 Cudapah Countries, 53, 
 Culpee, 273, 278, 279. -| 
 Cumbuinpalem, 61. '} 
 
 Cumbumpilly, 61. f 
 
 Cumbumpaur, 6r. 
 Cumecria River, 496. 
 Cundell, 6o. 
 
 CundellPeak, 57, 59,60,61. 
 Cundingurry, 239. 
 Curan, 528. 
 Curryumaur, 238, 239, 
 Cuftom-Houi'e, 74, 79, 86. 
 Cutchery, 279, 280. 
 Cuya Cuyahan, 533. 
 Dacca, 118. 
 Dadnore, 486. 
 Dagon,orD.igoon, ii2,tr4, 
 '32, 139, 141, '42> i44» 
 146, 150, 151, 154, 15:^, 
 157, to 160, 166, 1 68, 
 171, 177, 180, 182, 183, 
 189, 196, 198, 1 99, 204, 
 205, 206, 207, 208, aog, 
 210, aj2, 217, 22/, 351, 
 353. 3SS» 358, }(>o, to- 
 3^4.
 
 INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 364. 366, 373. 384* to 
 ^39o>393' 398. 
 Dagoun i'agoda, 186. 
 Dagoon, Riyerof, 177,178, 
 
 181, 18.., 193, 195. 
 Daiiow, (jog, 511. 
 Dalvol.!, J 12. 
 Dalawan, 530. 
 Dalla, 100, 110, 112, 13^. 
 Dainamce, £78. 
 Dammoiian, J09, 515. 
 Dainmy, 521. 
 Dainnalgur, 447. 
 Darawan, 530. 
 Dafaan, 521, 523. 
 Daio, <vide Bood. 
 Dceg, 310. 
 Deeg Forr, 309. 
 Dekan, 258, 260, 261,267, 
 270, 472,295, 303, 329, 
 403,405,407, 409,4(0, 
 
 Delh:, 261, 267-, 274, 295, 
 303, 305, to 308, 311, 
 315, 406, 10417, 482. 
 Deogur, 315, 317. 
 Deotobato, 521. 
 Deouge, 316. 
 Deftiiabail, 413. 
 Dcve Corah, 225. 
 Devooipilly, 6 1. 
 • DcwbJnd Nuddy, 489. 
 Dliamaiinee, 278. 
 Dhamnagiir, 497. 
 Dhar, 265. 
 Dhunionn;!, 271. 
 Diamond liland, 129, 348, 
 
 ^.35°. 35-'. 353. 367, 369- 
 Dinaw, 407. 
 
 Docknn, 521, 
 
 DoiKi, 418. 
 
 Dong-Dong, 509, 515. 
 
 Dooah, 48;, 
 
 Doolang' diiolang, 524. 
 
 Doondam Pete, 488. 
 
 Doonda Pafs, 46S. 
 
 Doongoon, 524, -5 75, 572, 
 
 5/7 • 
 Door, 61. 
 
 Dornal Pafs, 53. 
 Doulitabad, 403, 404, 405. 
 Dowlabad Port, 329. 
 Dudama Conda, 5;, -59). 60. 
 Dumaran, 508. ;,iio,no, 
 Duniariiig, 528. 
 Dumdah, 340. 
 DunguQ), vul. Bandclcund, 
 Dunwah, 321. 
 Duobolod, 5»a. 
 Dupaud, 54, , 
 Dunam Hivcr, 488. 
 Duiteah, 271, 272, 273. 
 
 Eaft-Indics, 505, 546. 
 Ebrick, 418. 
 Eeljapore, 471,472. 
 Ekhtearpore, 498, 
 Elichpoor, 322, 325, 326, 
 
 330, 33-% '335. 336. 
 EUaconda, 59. 
 EUoreFort, 53, 435,486. 
 Elmitchlee, 488. 
 Elyibiara River, 462. 
 Erlapalam, 486. 
 Errick, 273. 
 Etkoopauk, 488. 
 Ettawa, 279, 296, 411, 418. 
 Eugune, "jij. Ugen. 
 Faifoe, 77, 80, 83, 85, 86, 
 
 87, 91, 241, 24a, 244, 
 
 246, 248, 249, 254. 
 Fattepoor, or Sichree, 314. 
 Formofa, 287, 288. 
 Ferokabad, 274, 408, 412. 
 Fort, 270, 346, 347, 349, 
 
 350, 401, 402. 
 Fort Houfe, 344. 
 Fort Marlbrough, 31, 
 Fort of C'otahcotah, 54. 
 Fort of Jugdecs, 260. 
 Fortrefs, 400. 
 Fort Seropilly, 57. 
 Forr St. David, 73, 225. 
 Fort St. George, 58, 65, 
 
 7°. 7I7 73. 74. 75. 205, 
 216, 225, 352, 396, 397. 
 
 457-. 
 Fort W^illiam, 352. 
 Futty Gliur, 260, 263, 314. 
 Funy Pete, 488. 
 Gahpout, 409. 
 Gal Gaut, 467. 
 Gandegama, 55, 63. 
 Ganges, iii, 311, 314, 
 
 411, .113, 414, 415, 417. 
 Gangpoor, 320. 
 Ganj;im, 23, 420, to 423, 
 
 426, 429, to 432, 437, 
 
 to 440, 444, 445, 491, 
 
 492. 
 Gaiijam Fort, 491. 
 Ganjam River, 491. 
 Garapaur, 63. 
 Gardone, 468, 
 Garlcpeir, 55, 
 Gaundavery, 441, 
 Gaut of Ba!;apiit, 416. 
 
 Gaya, P? 53^. 537- 
 Geeong, 530, 53,, 361. 
 Geetoog, 509. 
 Genypour, 416. 
 Gerkah, 278. 
 Ghiiclah, 291. 
 Gbocs, 292. 
 
 Ghur Callinger, viJ. Cal- 
 linger. 
 
 Ghu: ciawcab.t/iV.Goweab. 
 
 Gingee,. 405. 
 
 Giiigpour, 416. 
 
 Godavery River, 55, 31J, 
 441, 463, 487. 
 
 Gohorah, 278. 
 
 Gohud, 291, 10295,297. 
 
 Golconda, 435. 
 
 Golden City, 367, 394. 
 
 Golden Palace, 367, 394. 
 
 Gollapollnm, 441. 
 
 Gomtinipoie, 311, 
 
 Gookugit, 487. 
 
 GoolapcUc, 489. 
 
 Goolaram Pettee, 483, 484. 
 
 Goolcemaan, 524. 
 
 Gooliflaiv, 533. 
 
 Goolpellee, 486. 
 
 Goonjatee, 477, 
 Gotts, 240. 
 Govanapilly, 60. 
 Goulapilly, 63, 64, 
 Gourchurla, 488. 
 Gourepaudoo, 63. 
 Gouflia Mehil, 481. 
 Gow«ab Fort, 335, ,3*7^ 
 338. ; ;.; J 5;om;iii.rj 
 
 Gualier, 263,272,291, ?9?, 
 293, 294, 297, 306, 418. 
 Guara, 411. 
 Guaram, 485. 
 Giiddaicah, 279. 
 Gunapar, 64. 
 Gung-auly River, 496. 
 Gungautre River, 497. 
 Gungegul, 486, 487. 
 Gang Terree, 315, 
 Guntoor, 63. 
 
 Giir Gownl, Hill Fort, 325. 
 Gurrah JMandel, 271. 
 Guniah, 279. 
 Gurzapiliy, 54. 
 Guticonda, 64. 
 Guztirat, 257, 258, 259, 
 
 409, 415. 
 Gyah, 328. 
 Halooloocoo, 522. 
 Handcndcc, 473. 
 Heegiing-an, 511. 
 HeegafTen, 513. 
 He!;ad, 517, 520. 
 Hefna, 48 S. 
 Heflera, 470. 
 Heteeja, 471, 472. 
 Hindooftan, 257, 258, 306, 
 
 307, 314, 317, 330, 404, 
 
 407, 408, 413,417,449, 
 
 558._ .lii,;" J^' - 
 
 Hifpaniola, i. 
 Holta, 261. 
 Hoollure, 474. 
 
 Hoiiflcnabad, 477, 478. 
 Hubarghu, 475. 
 Hughen, 100, 107. a 
 
 Hu.iiiig Chottltry, 4j6, ff 
 Hurapoie, 494. ,. 
 Hufeinfliaw, 479. 
 HuttoUa, 278. 
 Hyat Nagiir, 483. 
 Hyderabad, 470, 479, U> 
 
 483 
 Idanea, 508. 
 Ilanon, 577*. 
 Illiabad buubab, 269,271. 
 Iinaram, 488. 
 Impellee, 478. .i 
 
 Inaconda, 53, 54, 55, 63, 
 
 64. 
 Indaur, 259, 265. 
 India, 14, 18,24,25,49, 
 70, 92, J 24, 130, ija, 
 225, 245, 04.7, 294, 503* 
 563. 
 Injjeram, 18, 436, 441. 
 Injaraour Conda, 61. 
 Inowfal, 534. 
 Iragoonta, 60. 
 Irawa, 12, 29, 455. 
 Irwada, 29, 453, 454, 45^ 
 465. .. "/ 
 
 Ifai, 278. 'i 
 
 Itlaamn;igghur, 360, 263. S 
 Iflandi ot Acbeen Uead^l 
 
 389. 
 Irthmu?. 401. .' 
 
 Iichapoar, 428, 437, 444^ 
 
 491. 
 Jaagepore, 497. 
 Jnafe, 271, 272. 
 Jagernotpcre, 4S8. 
 Jagganaickporam, 424,436. 
 
 442. 
 Jaggernaur, 430, 445, 493. 
 Jaggcrnaut Pagoda, 438, 
 
 449- 
 Jnghire, 265, 274, 404. 
 Jahfi, 418. 
 Jalone, 278. 
 Jam G«mv, 473. 
 Jangipore, 497. 
 Janivcfdy, 61. 
 Janiverdy Conda, 57, 
 Janiverdy rock, 57. 
 Jaidee, 486. 
 
 Japan, 74,87, 88,287,288. 
 Jargepour, 447. 
 [arporcc, 491. 
 Java, 538, 574. 
 J.iul Gauw, 471, 
 Jautwarce, 303. 
 Jaypoor, 898, 10 304, 308, 
 
 414. 
 Jebore, 574. 
 
 JcUcforc,
 
 INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 Tellcforf, 433, 439, 450. 
 Jelleforc River, 450. 
 Jerr'H 259. 
 
 Jerry, Mountain, 400. 
 Jeytpoor Fort, 274, 277. 
 Jirl:\pelee, 478. 
 J ode poor, 298, 299. 
 Jooiehr, 278. 
 Jor.igur, 272. 
 Jforlonc, 273. 
 fualdcnny, 62. 
 Jiidia, 121, 294. 
 Jugdees, a6o. 
 Jumna, 269, 271, 296, 303, 
 
 312, 410, 411, 413, to 
 
 4.8. 
 Jumna River, 311. 
 Jungtcrry, 322. 
 Junk Seylon, 120, 390. 
 Jurna Nuddy, 475. 
 Juf[<oor, 320. 
 Kaangan, 517, 520. 
 Kabing-aan, 515. 
 Kackeram, 487. 
 Kakabban, 530. 
 Kakatain, 524, 526. 
 Kalabah, 418. 
 Kalaectan, 524. 
 Kalampapahan, 524. 
 Kalangaan, i;33. 
 Kalboog, 478. 
 Kaliaiicc, 474. 
 Kalla Teelaw, 487. 
 Kalleah, Dc, 267. 
 Kaloul, 316. 
 KaUib]ub, 523. 
 Kanavc, 273. 
 Kandooy, or 
 Kandory, 471, 
 Kaiieh tiauw, 473. 
 Kaiig Kow, 249, afii, to 
 
 287. 
 KangKow, New, 281, 282. 
 Kangtcepyan, 524, 526. 
 Kan-;ea, 513. 
 Kanncoongai), 527, 530. 
 Kanonc, 302. 
 Kanouly, 467, 468. 
 Kanpillis River, 490. 
 Kapooal, 509, 514. 
 Karang China, 515,516. 
 Karang Karang, 513, 
 Karaoogar, 521. 
 Karlia, 484. 
 Kaftee, 473. 
 Katoui, 322, 335. 
 
 Keemaaecs, 535, 536, 53B, 
 
 552- 
 Keenapo(,>(r.in, 524, 
 Keenaroor, 538. 
 Keeneekchan, 521. 
 Keeney Balloo, 504, 527, 
 
 532. to 537. 559. 561- 
 
 Kckrumba, 472. 
 Kcling;ipatani, 490. 
 Kcllah, 404. 
 
 Kellab ot Delhi, 41 1, 414. 
 Kennar, 269. 
 
 Kcniiougc, 3 14,408,415,418, 
 Kcnuch, 278. 
 Keowk Kioiv, 361, 362. 
 Ker.i, 418. 
 Kcrar Fort, 269. 
 Refer Jcvcl, 474. 
 Kcflimir, 412. 
 Khasapeile, 478. 
 Khoughn Zcak, 134, 168. 
 Khoakkou[-hn, or Kouk- 
 koughn, 139, 140, 162, 
 168, 203, 204, 206, to 
 209, 215, 216, 218, 220, 
 221. 
 Khuunmeon, 147, 148, 
 160, 161, i68, 169, 170., 
 Kiang, III. 
 Killowly, 291. 
 Kimmcrah, 279. 
 Kiiiabatangan River, 532. 
 Kinnorc Fort, 261. 
 Kio.vk kio«-, 387. 
 Konche, 278. 
 FLoohangan, 509, 513. 
 Kookooboor, 533. 
 Koolallian, 517, 519. 
 Koolbanec, 48^. 
 Koolpahary, 484. 
 Kooneelnan, 517,519. 
 Kooiihiis, 278. 
 Koorpore, 485. 
 Koorumbch Fort, 468. 
 Korah, 301, 417, 418. 
 Koranj;ih, 325. 
 
 Koraiioa, 263. 
 Komal, 4 13. 
 
 Koilan Bu;^ha, 490. 
 
 Kottah, 299. 
 
 Koughkoiii;, 206, 207. 
 
 Kouyhkon^ Cicck, 143, 
 1 58, 208. 
 
 Koul, 415. 
 
 Koumbii!,Mynyewefur,238. 
 
 KoLifutty, 469, 
 
 Kouta, 473. 
 
 Koutadcundi, 4C7. 
 
 Koutmul, 474. 
 
 Kowakay River, 494. 
 
 Ko.v-iiyan, 513. 
 
 Kummccab, 279. 
 
 Kuddywalet, 469. 
 
 Kunchc, 273. 
 
 Kunchungood, 236. 
 
 KundaU-e, 316. 
 
 Kundalla, 472, 473. 
 
 Kundur, 469. 
 
 Kundyv.ilfah, 489. 
 
 Keeneekchan, 521. 
 
 Kunn.in, 278. 
 
 Kurge Kera, 473. 
 
 Kurrah Nuddy, 467, 468. 
 
 Kuri ulTua River, 497. 
 
 Kurunkarc, 331. 
 
 Kutchnar, 259. 
 
 Kuttah, 278. 
 
 Kutt Jury River, 494, 495. 
 
 La, 5"24. 
 
 La Batuan, 538. 
 
 Labook, 533. 
 
 Lac h ram, 479, 
 
 LaJa, 47J. 
 
 Ladd.i, 399. 
 
 Lahat-lahat, 517, 520, 521. 
 
 Labour, 411, 412, 413. 
 
 Lalawang, 528. 
 
 Lalbagh, 494. 
 
 Lameanah, 144, 168. 
 
 Lamcnoofa, 515, 516, 517. 
 
 Lanan Toong-ang, 524. 
 
 Lanawao, 522. 
 
 Lancavy, 399. 
 
 Langaan, 533. 
 
 Lankayan, 533. 
 
 Laos, 107, 108, 1 10, I II, 
 
 114. 
 Lapak, 515, 517, 
 Laparan, 521. 
 Latoan, 524. 
 Leehecman, 533. 
 Ledgick, 364, 371. 
 Leebarran, 533. 
 Leedong, 529. 
 Leelecdong, 529. 
 Lclingha, 473, 474. 
 Leo, 529. 
 Leonan, 533. 
 Levant, 459. 
 Limboon, 401, 402. 
 Limpo, 287. 
 Lingapilly, 60. 
 Ling-gang, 531. 
 Lingoo River, 399. 
 Loo, 536. 
 Loobook, 536, 
 Looc, 509. 
 
 Loombecan, 509, 515. 
 Loonee, 277, 278. 
 Lnoran, 524, 526. 
 Loune, 414. 
 
 Luckempour, 431, 436,446. 
 Lvickinpoic, 495. 
 Luhburra, 469. 
 Lukiang, 112, 113, 114. 
 Luiidlly, Lunzce, or Ya- 
 rungmeoe, 117, 14;, i6'i, 
 168, 174, 176,215,216, 
 218. 
 Lunger, 486. 
 Lupa Buan, 524. 
 Lutclimongur, 302. 
 
 Lutt Jury? 494. 
 Lympo, 287. 
 
 ^]acao, 247, 254, 289, 290, 
 MaJaghia, 497. 
 Madai, 531. 
 
 Maddcpollam, 436, 441. 
 Madchwaram, 485. 
 Malral's, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 13, 
 16, 18, 22,23, *7> 28,58, 
 
 69. 75' 9-'. '03. "o. 125. 
 129, 131, 132, 159, 177, 
 188, 191, 195, 197, 205, 
 21 1, 212, 217, 221, 229, 
 346, 347. 348, 35'. 353! 
 354. 355. 367. 3^8, 370, 
 
 373. 374. 379. 582. 39'. 
 419, 4:0, 449. 
 Mageendanao, 538, 558, 
 
 577*. 578. 578*. 
 Maglocob, 517, 518. 
 R'agloomba, 524, 526. 
 Wagool, 485. 
 Magpcos, 524, 526. 
 MahaJo-.v Jhur, 265. 
 Maha Nuddy, 495. 
 Maharajcpoure, 279. 
 Maha River, 495. 
 Mahavajce, 306. 
 Mahobah, 278. 
 Mahomedabad, 278. 
 Mahomedaniir, 424, 416, 
 
 441. 
 Mahoie Fort, 326. 
 Malabar Coall, 5, 8, 13, 2 J, 
 
 3'. ^37- 
 Malaljoong, 531. 
 Malicca, 87. 
 
 Maljcoa Straits, 348, 388. 
 Malawaram, 4K6. 
 Malay, 540, 548, to 552. 
 Malay Illand», 462. 
 Matepootbas, 517, 519, 
 Mnllam, 452, 453, 454,455. 
 IMallawallc, 533. 
 IVlallcam Conda, 57, 1060. 
 Malloodoo, 527, 534. 
 Malloodoo hay, 533, 535, 
 IViallyodoo Illands, 533. 
 Malium, 29. 
 Malo'id, 429, 438. 
 Maloudy, 492. 
 Maloza, 523. 
 Malvallee, 435. 
 Malna, 257,258,250,260, 
 
 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 
 
 270, 274, 276, 278, 406, 
 
 407, 409, 418. 
 Maiwar, 408- 
 Mamadroog, 62. 
 Mamanook, 521, 
 Mambahenawan, 533. 
 Mammanook, 522, 
 
 Mamud,
 
 INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 Mamud, 522. 
 Mamuyong, 532. 
 IVlando, 21; 7, 267. 
 Maner River, 62. 
 Manjjallooin, 5^8. 
 Maiigalore, 258. 
 Mangatal, 538. 
 Mang toor, 29, 452, 455, 
 
 455' 464, A^i- 
 Mangcaboong River, 537. 
 Mangeedara, 533. 
 Mangeed.ira, 504, ^27, 530, 
 
 53I' 532. 533, 564. 
 Mangoe Garden, 456. 
 Manich Durg Hill Fort, 326. 
 Manickp-itam, 429, 438, 
 
 4-4S- 
 Manila, 87, 88, 91, 246, 
 
 53 5. 5^7. 570- 
 Manincolat, 524. 
 Manny Gnaw, 471. 
 Manoob.tl, i;i;, 517. 
 Manookmanka, 524. 
 Manoong-oot, 522. 
 Mantabooan, 524. 
 Mantabuling, 529. 
 Mantannane,, 538. 
 Marant.«buan, 533. 
 Maraok, 532. 
 Maratua, 530. 
 Marib, 411. 
 Maroongas, 517, i;20. 
 Minavan, 100, 101, 108, 
 
 130, 131. 
 Mafulipatain, 4, 6, 8, 1 1, 
 
 19, 25, 58, 110,419,420, 
 
 422, to 426, 43 5, 436, 
 
 437, 440, 441, 452, 486, 
 
 487. 
 Matanda, ji'^, ^46. 
 Watramella Cunda, 64. 
 IMaukiiice, 473. 
 INIaymbooni, 51^. 
 Meachagang, 146, 16S, 173, 
 
 176. 
 Meam, 371, 387. 
 IVIcangis, 99. 
 Mcca Mol'nuc, 481. 
 Mecond, 475. 
 Mocni?, i;i7, 520. 
 Mcher, 278. 
 Mehomedporc, 488. 
 Mellone, 146, 168, 172, 
 
 '73. 176, 37'- 
 Mcrah, 279. 
 Mergui, 103, 120, 121, 
 
 190, 348, 365, 37;, 388, 
 
 390, 398. 
 Met.icooii, 445. 
 Metia River, 140, 168. 
 Miakc Gunge, 483. 
 Midna|iOur, 433. 
 Widnapour Fort, 439. 
 
 Minikel!, 61. 
 
 Minimoody, 59. 
 
 Minis, 526. 
 
 Mitchlcc, 474. 
 
 Mo:inporc, 489. 
 
 Modab, 278. 
 
 Moh;imIe, 489. 
 
 MohLin;:orc, 490. 
 
 Mokoonpore, 493» 
 
 Molwar, 306. 
 
 Womcliiibue, 116, 134, 160, 
 162, 163, 164, 165, 168, 
 169,170, 171, 175, 176. 
 
 Mongliicr, 476. 
 
 Monglce, 473. 
 
 Mo,uckp.it;iin, 492, 493. 
 
 Monpcllec, 478. 
 
 Monlcrcotta, 428,437,491. 
 
 Monforc-, 491. 
 
 Montredv, 491. 
 
 Mooigal', 485. 
 
 Moog, 47^. 
 
 Moorude, 469, 470. 
 
 Wopoiir, 62. 
 
 Mud Fort, 43 5, 445. 
 
 MudgLil, 473. 
 
 Muglce, 474. 
 
 Mugul Scourah, 2 59. 
 
 Mujigovah, 279. 
 
 Mulkapore, 483, 
 
 Multan, 412. 
 
 Mundlah, 341. 
 
 Muntunna, 238, 239, 
 
 Munzurabad, 240. 
 
 Murint, 418. 
 
 M:r7.apore, 471, 472. 
 
 Mufah River, 479, 481. 
 
 Muffcy, 55. 
 
 MitH.y River, 62. 
 
 Muta Covab, 492. 
 
 Matrou, 412. 
 
 Muitciah, 314. 
 
 Muxabooe, 359, 361, 362, 
 
 364. 3^-6. 369. 37'. 378. 
 
 jNIylarKhanapore, 475,476. 
 
 Mymbojni, 509, 513. 
 
 M'. numpaiid, 53. 
 
 Myibrc, 236. 
 
 Nabob Fete, 485. 
 
 Nagjcery River, 471, 47a. 
 
 Nagle Rellee, 488. 
 
 Nago e, 227. 
 
 Nagi:orc,4q, 315,316,317, 
 320, to 323, 325, 326, 
 327, 331, to 334, 337, 
 340, 341, 34a, 494. 
 
 Nahany, 469. 
 
 Nas, P? 389. 
 
 Nanka, 511;, 516. 
 
 N.uikaan, ^24, 
 
 Napurah, 490. 
 
 Narangur, 433, 439. 
 
 Narkund PcUcc, 484. 
 
 Narkund Pctec, 484. 
 Narkurkle, 484. 
 Narfaraallee Cuuda, 57, 
 
 59. 6'- 
 Nariamallee Pagoda, ■ '57, 
 
 58, 59. 62. . .•-. 
 Narlipoiir, 436. 
 Natall, 389. 
 
 Naiiil Naur Pals, 2j8. 
 
 Ncbufter, 317, 
 
 NcL^apatam, 351, ^89. 
 
 Ncgrais, 97, i/S, 10;, 103, 
 112, 118, 124, to 127, 
 129, i3r, 137, 138, 141, 
 141, to 146, 154, 157, 
 158, 159, 162, 168, I7J, 
 to 179, 184, to 187, 189, 
 190, 192, 199, 200, 201, 
 202, ao4, 206, to 20q, 
 211, 213, 215, to 218, 
 220, 22 f, :22, 34'!, 344, 
 346, 347, 348, 350, to 
 360, 365, to 370, 372, to 
 375. 377. 379. S^-l. 385. 
 
 39'. t" ^97^ 
 Negrais Ha tour, 344, 354, 
 
 360. 
 Ncgrais Iftaad, 219, 323, 
 
 a-' 5. 
 Negra;S River, 162, 175, 
 
 176. 
 Nehrufllia, 496. 
 Nc'a Surai, -2^9. 
 Nellore, 53, (;4, !;6, 57, ?3, 
 
 59, 6o, 61, 62. 
 Ncmurain, 484, 485. 
 Neimub, -.25. 
 
 Nciwur, 260, 270,277, 273, 
 
 , 294. 299- 
 Ncrivar liill , 303. 
 Nicobais, loj, 3i;t, 3i;3, 
 
 3<;,-, 366, 382,385,388, 
 
 389, 398. 
 Nini;ham I'ete, 479. 
 Nitoie, 475. 
 Noono.in, 517. 
 No'jr Pccply, 493, 494. 
 NooCapapabag, 534, 525. 
 Noringha, 487. 
 Northern Phi ipinas, 505. 
 Nofa Tale, 509, 513. 
 Nucktee Bcwannce, 487. 
 Nuldoovg, 473. 
 Nulkapore, 484. 
 Nullih, 483,489,496, 497, 
 
 498. 
 Nutnaram, 4SS. 
 Nund Gnuw, 4S5. 
 Is'u igh River, 487. 
 Nurbadah, 257, 296, 330, 
 
 406. 
 Nurdool, 487. 
 
 Nybuzar, 490, 491. 
 
 Odipore;, 298. 
 
 Oez, 473. 
 
 Old Gunge, 483, 
 
 Omuncha, 27a. 
 
 Ongoie, 53, 54, 56, 57, j8, 
 
 62, 63. 
 Ongolc Hillj, 64. 
 Ongoon da, 484. 
 OobeL.n, 517, 519, 524. 
 Oocaff-e, 2,8. 
 Ooe , 485. 
 Oogtur, 487. 
 Oolque, 484 
 Oombly, 336. 
 Ooi'aadda, 517, 519. 
 Ooudoupoor, 403. 
 Oowaan, 521. 
 Ofer River, 48;. 
 Oftend, as. 
 Oiidapore, 490. 
 Oudc, 305, 408, 410. 
 Oudepoor, 299. 
 Oup e, 471. 
 Ourcha, 269, 2;2, 273. 
 Ourie, 278 
 
 I'a-cbuck, 281, to 287. 
 Padang, -,88. 
 Pajo-!a Hil , 223. 
 Pago.ia Hoint, 348, 354. 
 Pagong, •»!«/<• Youngue. 
 Paigaan, 41S, 
 Paitan, 504, 506, 533, 534, 
 
 Paitan Ilknds, 533. 
 Pa!a, 240. 
 
 Palambing, aSi, -tSs, 287. 
 Palaramund e, 486. 
 Palawan, 504, 508,' 526, 
 
 538. 
 Paler Kiver, 62. 
 Palico'.id :, 60. 
 l'al,a>, 530. 
 
 Pa;'eeangan, 509, 517, 520. 
 Pailcrec, 4'^5. 
 Pallcrcc Nujdy, 485. 
 Palliapoker, ^92. 
 Paltany, 399, 400, 402. 
 Pampanga, 548, 549, 550! 
 Pan uTipangan, 524, 
 PancheiTV, 61. 
 Panchual, 509. 
 Pandammr, 515, 517. 
 Pandalan, 536, 538. 
 Pandookan, 517, 519. 
 Pandoufer, 468. 
 Pangalat, 5;8. 
 Panganak, 509, 513. 
 Pangatiiian, ^,8. 
 Pangool, 486. 
 Pangootaran, 509, 517, 519. 
 Panipu', 194, 306, 413, 
 
 416, 4'S. 
 
 7M 
 
 Panjan^,
 
 INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 Panj.m^, P? 530. 
 
 I'ai l.n, , 139, 165, 166, 
 
 168. 
 P.ip.ittnngal, 553. 
 Papnalley Nu.lah, 468. 
 Pappal, 527, J35, 538. 
 Parang, 509, 513, 556. 
 Parangan, 524, 
 Paragoa, 508. 
 Paraiig-parangan, 515, 5161 
 
 n ^'^* 
 
 Paranka paranks, 533. 
 
 Parbutpore, 496, 
 
 Parool, 522. 
 
 Paroor, 37, 
 
 Paffir, 528, 558. 
 
 Pata, 509, 51;. 
 
 Patakoonan, 517, 520, 
 
 Patcan, 509, 515. 
 Patecule, 513. 
 Pateeboolaii, 509, 513. 
 Pathowly, 271, 
 Pattany,' 121. 
 Pattun Chcree, 479. 
 Paulhilly, 239. 
 Pawn Gauw, 471. 
 Pedadda, 529, 
 Peddapore, ig, 452, 487, 
 
 488. 
 Pcelas, 522, 523. 
 Pcelas Rocks, 52^. 
 Peeper Tcelaw, 487. 
 Pccply, 430, 438, 446. 
 Peeply Shawporc, 493. 
 Peer Gauw, 468, 469, 
 Pegu, 65, 66, 97, 99, 100, 
 - to 103, 105, 108, 109, 
 
 114, 115, 121, 129, 130, 
 
 '3'. J33> '?'. i?2» 154, 
 164, 167, r68, 189, 201, 
 J03, 210, 211, 213, 351, 
 
 .35*. 397- 
 
 Pegu Kingdoms, 367, 394. 
 
 Pegu River, 112, 114, 177. 
 
 Pekin, 568. 
 
 PcUaur Forr, 6:, 
 
 Pcnnar River, 60, 6r, 62. 
 
 Penputty, 60. 
 
 Pentacottah, 425, 436, 442< 
 
 Perack, 402. 
 
 Pcrarruftapollam, 61. 
 
 Pcriapatam or Perj.ipatnam, 
 239, 240. 
 
 Perinda, 470, 471. 
 
 Pcrnala, 405, 409. 
 
 Pcrour, 236. 
 
 Perfaim, to8, no, 112, 113, 
 127, 133, 138, t43, 154, 
 157, 1^8, 162, i63, 175, 
 176, 184, 197, 198, 201, 
 30;, 206, 207, 209, 213, 
 215, a 1 6, 217, 219, 220, 
 221,223,344, 355, 359, 
 
 360, 361, 562, 364, to 
 
 37'. 375, 377. 37«. 379. 
 
 381, 383, 385, 386, 3!i7, 
 
 388, 590, to 397. 
 Peri.iim Kivtr, i63, 203, 
 
 223, 225, -^54. 
 Pertapcrce, 487. 
 Pettapore, 12, 29, 45'^, 462. 
 Phillipinas, 251, 506, 508, 
 
 Si°^ 55'. 5^2' 5<^4. 568, 
 
 f;7+' 
 
 Philipine Idands, 287. 
 Finang, P? 399, 402. 
 Pioni, 274. 
 
 Pirnah, 274, 277, 279. 
 Pittapore, 488. 
 Podalcour, 59. 
 Polarum, 55. 
 Pond-anr River, 59. 
 Pondicherr)', no, 121, 155, 
 Pooddool, J09. 
 Poog-}>oog, 509. 
 Poojil, 399. 
 Pooloo, 141, 168. 
 Poonah, 278, 294, 32 1, 327, 
 
 33'. 334. 335. 338. 339. 
 340, 4'o. 467. 472, 478. 
 
 Poondy, 427, 437, 444. 
 
 Poorce, 278. 
 
 Poorundur Fort, 467. 
 
 Poorundur Hi'I, 468. 
 
 Pootatan, 538. 
 
 Pormamela, 53. 
 
 Poudela Conda, 64. 
 
 Powmahan, 524. 
 
 Praggee, Prygee or Pryggee, 
 168, 175, 176, 207, 208, 
 221. 
 
 Prarcmoo, 98, 102, in. 
 
 Prie, ^03. 
 
 Prince of Wales Illand, 399. 
 
 Prom, Pron or Prone, 98, 
 loi, 108, 109, 133, 134, 
 14;, 161, 165, 168, 173, 
 '74. '76. 181, 194, 196, 
 2ot, no, 2n, 365, 371, 
 383, 384, 3S6, 3S7- 
 
 Piidilly, 53, 54. 
 
 Puddampore, ^95, 
 
 Pundwanee, 278. 
 
 Punnali, 275. 
 
 Pur£;unnah, 260, 273, 278, 
 
 279' 3°'- 
 Purli PcUce, 485, 4S6. 
 Purli?, 399, 400. 
 Putiec, 279. 
 Puttrowle)', 271, 272. 
 Quallah Batrang, 400,401. 
 Qualla Mooda, 402. 
 Qualla Moorba, 4O2. 
 Qiicdah, 121, 399, 400, 
 
 4-.2. 
 Raatghur Fore, 262, 263. 
 Rangoon, 398. 
 
 Raboo-raboo, 530. 
 Raliut, 278. 
 Railin, 409. 
 Rajahmundry, s, 10, 39. 4'^ 
 
 466, 487. 
 Rajah Nagur, 487. 
 Rajjpilly, 60, 
 Kajc Gaw, 473. 
 Rajepoore, 279, 299. 
 Rajctun Purgunnah, 47*, 
 
 473- 
 Ramana-gpetta Pagoda, 57. 
 Ramdoz's Choultry, 61. 
 Rameapatam, b2. 
 Rampa, 2, 5, 7, 8, 15, 79, 
 
 21, 451. 
 Rampoor, 54, 57, Pafs, 59, 
 
 60. 
 Ramterit, 477. 
 Raiiganaig Pagoda, 63. 
 Ranypoore, 279. 
 RaynagongorRaynangome, 
 
 168, 172, 176. 
 Rendccha, 418. 
 Renka, 489. 
 Rewa, 279. 
 
 Rcwan Muckanpoor, 318. 
 Reypoor, 279. 
 Rcys, 108. 
 Rhoughkhoughn, 135,136, 
 
 168. 
 Rhumbah, 438, 446. 
 Riadurg, 236. 
 Rohilla, 2O0, 273. 
 Rounday, 15c, 159. 
 Rounday, Inner, 160. 
 Rowa, 269. 
 Rukin, 490. 
 Rumoimbore, 302. 
 Rundwan Bufler, 317. 
 Ruitcnpoor, 317, 318, 319, 
 
 320. .334. 339. 34°. 34'- 
 Saadan Pore, 267. 
 Saang, i;o9, 513, 514, 515. 
 Sabaiinoong, 528. 
 Saclieria, 62. 
 Sahaooh, 278. 
 Saharpore, 413. 
 St. Helena, 27, 43. 
 Saladan, 145, 168, 174, 176. 
 Sallecoolakit, ^23. 
 SallemeworSaileetnue, 168, 
 
 172, 176. 
 Salooroong, 531. 
 Sainakadoo, ^30. 
 SamamptKir, 1524, 525. 
 Samanp Kan 00, 530. 
 Samar Laut, i;22. 
 Sambacoong, 529. 
 Sainboangan, 572. 
 Samoondlc, 486. 
 Samiicrum, ^9, 60, 61. 
 Samontay, 528. 
 Sampanmangio, 535, 537. 
 
 Samul Cotah, 2, 3, 6, i« 
 13, 21, 24, 29, 453, t» 
 
 456. 465- 
 Sanah, 491. 
 Sandakan, 530, 532, 533. 
 
 ^ 534. 535- 
 Sandbank, 402, 438. 
 
 Sang-alakee, 5 30. 
 Sangain, 59, 61, 62- 
 Sangboy, 522, 5*3. 
 Sanger, 278. 
 Sangoon, 400. 
 Sanguatnc, 221. 
 San^yfeeapo, 524. 
 Sanlbre, 467, 468. 
 Sanyangon, 134, i68, 
 Sapant^, (;t3. 
 Sarvatiee, 263. 
 Satoor, 473. 
 Satrumporum, :;3. 
 Saugcr, 276. 
 Saurowree, 473. 
 Scouiidah, 271, 278. 
 Scourah, 259. 
 Sedaflce Pete, 478. 
 Seeall'ee, 515, 516, 517. 
 Seebait, 531, 
 Scebattick, 530. 
 Seebeehing, 515, 516. 
 Seekoobooin, 524. 
 Seelingaan, 1:33. 
 Seemaloak, 524, 
 Seemcefla, 522. 
 Sceiia, N. 470. 
 Scen-gfaan, 521. 
 Sctnomaan, 509, 5 1 1. 
 Seepairan, 531, ^33. 
 Seepcendoonj, 533, 
 Secpyook, 5 24. 
 Seerloom, 515, -17. 
 Seetatn Pete, 486. 
 Seetanagram, 489. 
 Sehgardce, 478. 
 Schc;ardee Fort, 478. 
 Seir Mehomet Pete, 485, 
 Sckenderabad, 410. 
 Sekcrpaal fortrefs, 413. 
 Sckertaal, 414. 
 Scmamak, ^jo. 
 Scmi'orafMllee, 436j 443, 
 Scrrnvaram, 485. 
 Sende, 273. 
 Seiiogaan, 513. 
 Sepprcc, 3^9. 
 bep))rec River, 258. 
 Sera, 240. 
 Serhind, 412, 413. 
 Scringapatam, 230, 231,432, 
 
 2.39. a40. 
 Seronge, 271, 406. 
 Seropilly Fort, 57. 
 Sctara Ghor, 403, 405, 406, 
 
 409. 
 
 Seterbind,
 
 I-N I> E X of PLACE S. 
 
 Setcrbind, 412. 
 Seuraajepoore, 278. 
 Shasrp.i.ir, jtij. 
 
 Shu larporc, 41a, 413- 
 Shahoura, 413. 
 Shjtira, 416. 
 Shawpore, 409. 
 Shci^houabud, 418. 
 Sheoor, 259. 
 Shindapallein, 62. 
 Shinivaflaporam, 6i. 
 Shipfnappy, 60. 
 Siam, 84, 87, 88, 100, lor, 
 
 103, 106, 107, 108, I 12, 
 
 119, 142, 170,283,361, 
 363, 372, 382, 384, 385, 
 462, 574. 
 
 Siam Dominions, 164, i6j. 
 
 Sibocoo, 527, 539- 
 
 Sibocoo River, 529. 
 
 Sibooto. 524.. 
 
 Sicatack, 52S. 
 
 Sichrce, 314. 
 
 Siddapoor, 239. 
 
 Sidour, 53, 54, 60. 
 
 Sigboye, 524, c;2b. 
 
 Sjggeyn,372,384,386,387, 
 
 . 39°. 393- 
 
 Simonor, 524, 525. 
 
 Sind River, 257. 
 
 Bingham, 477, 476. 
 
 Singoopoorah, 279. 
 
 Siiigriconda, 58, 64. 
 
 Sinoa, 80, 83 
 
 Smyangon or Sinyangoug, 
 138, 139, 165, 168. 
 
 Sipelair River, 62. 
 
 Sirmapore, 488. 
 
 Sifera River, 265, 266, 
 
 Sittarah, 306, 320. 
 
 Sittavvaram, 488. 
 
 Sittoul River, 3t/9. 
 
 Soand.), 231. 
 
 Solindee Rirer, 497, 498. 
 
 Songy Bafar, 554. 
 
 Soobchwaram, 489. 
 
 Spo<o.'t, 533. 
 
 Soohokon Bolod, 517,520. 
 
 Sookawal, 278. 
 
 Sooloo, 499, 500, to 506, 
 508, ;C9, 510, 512, 513, 
 514, 519, 521, 526, 527, 
 5-8, 535, 538, 53^. 55=, 
 5>', Si^> 55^. S>7. S'iS. 
 563, 567, ^69, 571, 572, 
 
 574- , 
 Sooladdc, 515, 516, 526. 
 Sooloo Archipelago, 530. 
 Sooloo Seas, 543. 
 Soonapatan, 493. 
 Soo-ok, 513. 
 Soopn, 468. 
 Sooica Pete, 484. 
 
 Sou'.p!', 418. 
 
 Sou h rim-rica, 561. 
 
 South Seas, 69. 
 
 Sularnun River, 557, 
 
 Sulwance, 263. 
 
 Sumatra, 4, 8, 20, 562. 
 
 Sumatra, Well Coalt, 388, 
 389, 398. 
 
 Sumber, 299. 
 
 Sumraeerpoore, 178. 
 
 Summounec, 278. 
 
 Sumthir, 273. 
 
 Sumiilpoor, 320. 
 
 Sundy Hill, "53. 
 
 Sunburn, 53. 
 
 Sunken IQand, 521. 
 
 Surat, 268, 335, 3S4. 
 
 Suriah, 490. 
 
 Surrong, 432, 439, 448, 498. 
 
 Surfutty River, 468, 469. 
 
 Sutapore, 486. 
 
 SwJlpore, 486. 
 
 Sydopillj', 59, 60. 
 
 Surgoojah, 320. 
 
 Syrian Bar, 177, 205. 
 
 SyrianorSyriam, 65,98, loi, 
 104, 105, 106, 1 12, 129, 
 130, 131, 134, 139, 146, 
 154, 157. 165, ibb, 168, 
 »74, i77» 178. i79» '80, 
 183, 184, 186, 187, 189, 
 191, 192, :9-!, 194, 195, 
 196, 197, i9b\ 199, 200. 
 
 Syrian River, 196. 
 
 Taataan, 524. 
 
 Tabooaan, 524. 
 
 Taclun^ha Chouky, 494. 
 
 Tacoor Pafs, 53, ' 
 
 Tagalo, 548, 549.55°, 55'' 
 Taganac, 533. 
 Tagao, 524, 525. 
 Tagleebee, 513. 
 Tagypeel, 533. 
 Tajea, 469. 
 TalaiVam, 530. 
 Taleepow, 511. 
 Talil'yan, 528. 
 Talook, 515, 516. 
 Tambagaan, 524, 526. 
 Tambaloolan, 536. 
 Tambeefan, 530, 532. 
 
 Tamboolean, 509, 5 1 5. 
 Tamer Ghudda, 4S9, 490. 
 Tammoo, 108. 
 Tarapaliook, 535, 536, 537. 
 Tana Meia, 528, 529. 
 Tandoo, 509, 512,513, 524. 
 Tandoo-Annan, 509. 
 Taiigatore, 62. 
 Tangoo, 524. 
 Tanillir, 413, 
 Tank, 490, 491. 
 
 Tankce, 475. 
 Ta:ikm illi, 484. 
 Tankjlalooan, 524, £25. 
 Tanna Babo, 531. 
 Tapaan, 524. 
 Tnp.Mndurian, 5:8, 530. 
 T-peantana, 5:2. 
 Tapool, 509,515,516,526. 
 T'<ipp-inooly, 389, 
 Tara, 515, 516. 
 Tarakkan, 529. 
 Tarney, iN. 493. 
 Tattaan, 524. 
 Tavay, loi, loS, irj, 116. 
 Tavay River, 1 16. 
 Tawao, 530. 
 
 Tawarran, 536, 537, 552. 
 
 Taueerawee, 508, 509, 517, 
 
 520, 524, 525, 526, 572, 
 
 577*. 
 Teebakkan, 533. 
 Teegaboo, 533. 
 Teega, I'? 538. 
 Teeheckteeheck, 524. 
 Tceheengan, 533. 
 Teekool, 517, 519. 
 Teernapore, 484. 
 Tel Cavery, 238. 
 Tellicherrj', 51,36,38,237, 
 
 238, 239, 240, 348. 
 Temon'angis, 506,509, J^o, 
 
 5", Sl2' 
 
 Tenaflcri'n, 120. 
 Tenna River, 473. 
 Teomabal, 517, 519. 
 Teoomabal, 509, 515. 
 Ternee, N. 473. 
 Tcrr.uvan, 278. 
 Teta Mujnoun, 413. 
 Tcyng-a, 523. 
 Thibet, toS, HI, 1 12^" 113, 
 
 114. 
 Thonahprondah, 106. 
 Tiara, 474. 
 Tidore, 548. 
 Tilliillpoore, 278. 
 Timban Mata, Tanjong, 
 
 Tipra, 118. 
 
 Tiroon, 504, 527, 528, 529, 
 
 552, 5^4. 
 Todepoore, 278. 
 Tombay, 144, 168. 
 Tomp bevah, 106. 
 Toiicoo, 531. 
 Tondul, 59. 
 Tonghoe, 362. 
 Tongkeel, 522. 
 Tongoo, 10 r, 130. 
 Tong-Tong, 517, 520. 
 Tonquecn, 7c, 78, 88, 8g, 
 
 90, 10;, 287, 288. 
 Toofaaloobook, 521. 
 
 Toobigan, Ji-, ^19. 
 Toog^auas, ^21. 
 T uky-j 5-9, 5to, i?i. 
 Too angaiuT, j28. 
 Toole Churlo, 485. 
 To'l'apore, 472, 473. 
 Too oy Dols Choii'«y, 49^. 
 Toolyan, 509, 513. 
 Toomav, 59. 
 Tope, 153. 
 Topegunta, 60. 
 Tovarum, 12. ' , 
 
 Touron, Bay of, 89, i^T* 
 Towfan Doolangi^oolang, 
 Towfan Duyon, 527, 532. 
 Towfoii Abai, 532. 
 Trang, 399, 402. 
 Traveucore, 2} 7. 
 Travencore Country, 17, 
 
 22, 2;, 27, 28, 37, 38. 
 Tritchinopoly, 236. 
 Trocklon, 399. 
 Tfanpu, III, 112. 
 Tuallee, 528. 
 Tuck Tackley, 490. 
 Tule'an, 509, 513, 521. 
 Tumlook, 434, 439. 
 Turkaraanie, 317. 
 Turlepaud, 53. 
 Velour, 62. 
 Venkatgerry durgum, 57, 
 
 58, 59, 60, 62, - . 
 V e rape r River, 61. 
 Virague, 471, 472. 
 Vizagapatam, 7, i;, 23, 49, 
 
 9?, 96, 19m *°°. »»), 
 420, 421, 422, 423, 426, 
 427, 428, 429, 437, 440, 
 443, 488, 489. 
 _ Vizanagram, 489. 
 , Vunk, Li, 287. 
 
 Udgherry durgum, 58, 60, 
 61. 
 ,Ugen, 258, 259, 264, 265, 
 
 - 268, 4'69. 
 
 Undicha, 407. 
 
 Unfang, 506, 530, 531, 532. 
 
 Upilpaudoo, 63, 
 
 Upparrah, 425, 436, 442. 
 
 Uroot, 512. 
 
 Wattiira, 425, 436, 442. 
 
 Well, a large, 483. 
 
 Weft Indies, i> 
 
 Wha Phoo, 'Mae Faifoe. 
 
 Whey, 242, 349. -7 
 
 WooJaguerry, 53. 
 
 Wullies Durgah, 479. 
 
 Vanangong or Earth r oil 
 Town, 147, J 68. 
 
 Yaiigoe, 3 86. 
 
 Yangoo, 371, 
 
 YaeuiigiQeoe, :6S, 174. 
 
 Yarou
 
 INDEX of PLACES. 
 
 Yarou River, 112, iij. 
 Yelchoor, 6^, 64. 
 Yelmapaud Pafs, 54. 
 YcliKJur, 63, 64. 
 
 Ycrlagoodypaud, 61. 
 Yethcrclepaud, 53. 
 Yloco, 548, 549, 550. 
 Youngeoe, or Youngoue, 
 
 or Youngue, 147, 161, 
 16$, 168, 170, 171, 172, 
 176. 
 Yunnan, 108, in, 114. 
 
 Zcemandaree, 294, 
 
 303. 
 Zctyrabad, 439. 
 Zcylan, 8, I3> 
 
 29;t 
 
 LIST OF SYNONIMES. 
 
 Allahabad, Aleabad, lUia- 
 
 bad. 
 Amlipore, Amlcpore. 
 Aracan, Arracan, Arrakan. 
 Aiirungabad, Auringabad. 
 Balafore, Ballifore. 
 Bandclcund, Bendclkind. 
 Bclftia, Bhclfa, Bclfah. 
 Biganiah, Btgoniah. 
 Bopaul, Futtcghur. 
 Budgcr cottah, Buiiger eot- 
 
 tah. 
 Burruah, Burmali. 
 Burwa, Burawah. 
 Cambodia, Camboja. 
 Cattack, Cuttack. 
 Choromandil, Coromandel. 
 Conara, Conarah. 
 Coanjong, Quada of, Cow- 
 
 jeong Quainla. 
 Coory, Corga, Coorg. 
 Cotangurry, Cctangiirry. 
 Crean, Creang. 
 Curryutnaur, Ciirrutnaur. 
 D.ilawan, Darawan. 
 Pekan, Dccan, Deckan, 
 
 Duckaa. 
 
 Delhi, Delhy, Shah Jeha- 
 
 nabad. 
 Ettawa, Etawa. 
 Faifoc, Foy foe, Whafoo. 
 Futteghur, Fattcgliur. 
 Gandegama, Gondcgama, 
 
 Gonlacummum. 
 GoJavery, Goudaveiy, 
 
 Guiiga Goodaury, Gun- 
 
 ga Gudawrile, Gudda- 
 
 very. 
 Gung-auly, Gung-aiity. 
 Gungautre, Gung-autee. 
 Hendooftan, Hindoftan, In- 
 
 dollan. 
 Hcteeja, Hetuja. 
 Huffinabad, Hauffenabad. 
 Hyderabad, Bhaugnagur. 
 Hytchapore, Hltchaporc, 
 
 Itchapore. 
 Indaur, Indor. 
 Inaconda, Iiiicimda. 
 Iiawa, Irwa. 
 Jaagcpore, Janjiporc. 
 Jaghire, Jaghccr. 
 Jaypoor, Jeypoor. 
 
 Kang Kow, Kancao. 
 Khounmeon, Khounmcwn. 
 Korah, Kora. 
 Kolllin Biigha, Hoflam 
 
 Biigha. 
 Madrafs, Madraffpatam. 
 Mageendanao, Ma;,Mndanao. 
 INI.ilavaiam, Malawcrain. 
 IMangatoor, IVlangotoor. 
 Manila, Manilh i. 
 Maratua, Maiatoa. 
 Matrametla Conda, Malra- 
 
 mella. 
 Mellone, Mcloone. 
 JMomchabuc, MuinChaboo. 
 Nagpore, Naigpore. 
 Ncmaram, Nimarairit 
 Nurbadah, Nurbudda, Nar- 
 
 budda. 
 Palambang, Palambam. 
 I'aniput, Fanipat, Panipett, 
 
 Puniiiput. 
 Pa Chuck, Patchuck. 
 Patekool, Patccule. 
 Pcrlaim, Pcrfeen. 
 Pcttaporc, Pcttapcor, 
 
 Pirnah, Pirna. 
 
 Poonah, Pouna. 
 
 Ra;,amundry, Rajemundry. 
 
 Rampa, Rampha. 
 
 SaurowreCjSurrowrec, Sur- 
 rowre. 
 
 Sigboye, Sigbye. 
 
 Seronge, Scrounge. 
 
 Sooreapete, Soroivpettah. 
 
 Syrian, Syriam. 
 
 Tamer Ghudda, Tamer 
 Gheedah. 
 
 Tapeandurian, Tapedurian. 
 
 Tecna, Tuira, Tiara. 
 
 Tongoo, Tongu. 
 
 Tonqueen, Tonquin. 
 
 Travencore, Travancore. 
 
 Tulean, Toolean. 
 
 Touron, Turong. 
 
 Ugcn, Eugene, Ougene. 
 
 YoLingcoc, Youngoue, 
 Youngue, Pegang- Youn- 
 gue, Poganj - Younjwe, 
 Pigang-Younguo. 
 
 GENERAL
 
 GENERAL INDEX of THINGS. 
 
 A< 
 
 k.GALA Wood, 248. 
 Agates, 119. 
 A ja Ung, 81. 
 Amber, 394, 395. 
 Amber Beads, 367. 
 Aments, 457, 458. 
 Annatta, 26. 
 Aniiota, 461. 
 Arrack, 231. 
 Artificial llland, 266. 
 Aiturngah, 295. 
 
 Kag'O, 505- 
 Balate, 245. 
 Ballongs, 181, 182, 183, 184, 
 
 185, 191, 192, 194. 
 Bauliaudry Pagodas, 230. 
 Bazar, 268. 
 Behwanaee, fl> Behvvanny, Hindoo 
 
 Goddefs, 468, 472. 
 Beflcn bittah, Palm, 38. 
 Black Earth, 169. 
 Boats, Eiiraglimali, 136, 138, 
 
 140, 162, 206, Int. to ad No. 
 
 „ ''' 374- . 
 
 Boats, fighting, 141. 
 
 Boats, Pegu, 141, 206. 
 
 Bombs, 213. 
 
 Botanical Garden, 28. 
 
 Brafs Field Piece, 221. 
 
 Bread fruit, 38. 
 
 Bread fruit Trees, 27, 461. 
 
 Bricks, 132, 232. 
 
 Bridge, 260, 447, 448, 496. 
 
 Briflol Stone, 214. 
 
 Buffaloes, 729, 132, 138, 230, 
 
 Buildings, 266. 
 
 Bullocks, 230. 
 
 Bundry Gate, 481. 
 
 Buraghmah Language, 202, 204, 
 2C5, 207, 20g, 211, 216, 
 
 Ca6lus, 9. 
 
 Caducay Galls, 23. 
 
 Cajou, 31. 
 
 Calamliack, 94. 
 
 Camhrick, 248. 
 
 Came!, 230, 376, 395. 
 
 Candies, feaft of, 384. 
 
 Cangans, 567, 569, 57c. 
 
 Cannon, 115, 139, 143, 149, 151, 
 iS4j 155' "S^J 184, 221, 231. 
 
 Cannon, Iron, 143. 
 
 Canton, &c. Exports, 283 to 288, 
 29c. 
 
 • Imports, 281, 282, 
 
 287, to 289. 
 
 Carbines, BraCs, 148. 
 
 Cardamums, 115, 131. 
 
 CiEfalpina Hippan, to. 
 
 Cafli, 245. 
 
 Caflia ligiica, 38. 
 
 Caft Iron Pans, 567. 
 
 Cafts that do not burn their Dead, 
 49, note. 
 
 Caft that cat, and do not eat ani- 
 mal food, 49 to 52- 
 
 Cedar, 38. 
 
 Charuiahel, 480. 
 
 China Cattys, 246. 
 
 China Cups, 228. 
 
 China Diflies, 228. , 
 
 China Junks, 525, 568. 
 
 Cliina Ware, 244. 
 
 Chmcfe Charaftcrs, 244. 
 
 Chinefe Weights, 569. 
 
 Chlocoon Inlcft, g. 
 
 Chomgaum, 314. 
 
 Chop, 213, 215,216,217,219,225. 
 
 Chout, 319, 322, 325, 331, 408. 
 
 Chronometers, 419, to 434. 
 
 Chryflal, 119. 
 
 Chunam, 132, 232. 
 
 Cinnamon Plants, 26, 28. 
 
 Cinnamon, 288. ' ': " ' 
 
 Clocks, 248. 
 
 Cloth, 248. 
 
 Cloth Scarlet, 213. 
 
 Cochin China Imports and Ex- 
 ports, 88. 
 
 Coin, Meafures, 
 
 Weights, &c. 88, 245, 246. 
 " — '■ Government, 89. 
 
 • Produce, 91. 
 
 Codago pala, 39. 
 
 Coffee, 6, 11, to 14, 38, 461. 
 
 Collar-bone and Tooth, Bilragh- 
 
 mah God's, 171. 
 Commerce, Sooloo, 563. 
 Conefil Bark, 39. 
 Contraft for Pepper, 17. 
 Copper, 288. 
 Corral, 228. 
 Cofs, 58, 236, 237. 
 Cotton, no, 118, X31. 
 Cotton Tree, 38. 
 Counia, 30. 
 Cowreys, 228, 245. 
 Cows, 230. 
 Cowfoong, 567. 
 Crefles, 231. 
 Cucumbers, 217. 
 Cuilcmcurry's, painted, 228. 
 Cunteary Pa^ioda, 231. 
 Cuflard Apple, 452. 
 Cutchery, 279. 
 Cutlery, 245. 
 Daad Alehel, 480. 
 Dammer, 99, 372. 
 Date Tree, Male, 457. 
 Deer, i2g, J32. 
 Delhi Gate, 481. 
 Diamond Mines, 274, 275, 277. 
 
 279» 435- 
 Diamonds, 66, 367, 394. 
 Diary, 381. 
 Dodgins, 246. 
 Dirreks, 312, 313. 
 Dollars, 245. 
 Dorians, 402. 
 Drugs 288. 
 Dunghies, 492. 
 Durbar, 262, 416, 494. 
 Earth lor wailiing, 171. 
 Earth, red, 148. 
 Eclipfisof Jupiter's Satellites, 440. 
 
 7 N 
 
 Elephants, 129, 230, 234, 251, 
 
 3 '4, 574- 
 Elephants Teeth, 141, 160, 174, 
 
 396. 
 Emeralds, iig, 394. 
 Englifh Veffel feized in Siam, 119. 
 Erythrina coralladendron, 10. 
 Feather, black, 214. 
 Firelocks, 230. 
 Fifli, 129. 
 Flints, 395. 
 Fowl, Wild, 132. 
 Gajary, i-r. 
 Gales of VVind, 7. 
 Galleys, 77. 
 Gjunja, 231. 
 Geclongs, 87. 
 Gentoo Language, terminates, 
 
 445- 
 Ginjclly, 171, 172. 
 Glafs, Looking, 148. 
 Gold, 1 1 5, 247, 31 2, 3'^7>394.397- 
 Government, Sooloo, 540. 
 Gow, 236. 
 Grain, 117, 121, 138, 255, 256, 
 
 268, 449. 
 Grain, produce of the various 
 
 Kinds, 95. 
 Green Tea, 288. 
 Guava, 452. 
 Guinea Graf=, 4, 
 Guns, vide Cannon. 
 Guns, Galloper, 234. 
 Guns, Patararoes, 149. 
 Gunpowder, 99, 139, 143, 148, 
 
 179, 186, 219, 221, 225. 
 Guzin, 313. 
 Hamauldanes, 231. 
 Handkerchiefs, Pu'.icat, 214. 
 Handkerchiefs, Silk, 214. 
 Hartall, 228. 
 Hazle, 38. 
 Heerapoie Gate, 481. 
 Helen Snow, 348, 350. 
 Hermaphrodite, 458, 459. 460. 
 Hill Fever, 8, 23, 55. 
 Hing, 228. 
 
 Hogs, Wild, 129, 132. 
 Hopo-Houfes, III. 
 Horfcs, 141, 100, 230, 232, 251. 
 Image, 324. 
 Indian Corn, 217. 
 Indigo, 22, 26, 27, 43, 314. 
 Indigo, precarious Cultivation, 44. 
 jppoo, 561. 
 
 Iron, 174, 228, 247, 395. 397- 
 Iron Shot, 198. 
 Ivory, 395, 396. 
 Ifinglafs, 228. 
 Jack Tree, 31, 38, 451. 
 Jagary, 171. 
 Jumblong bark, 42. 
 Jappan Junks, 87. 
 Jeel, 478- 
 Jewels, 230. 
 
 ill), 234. 
 Jowk, 234. 
 
 Juncio,
 
 INDEX of THINGS. 
 
 Junelo, 444. 
 
 Jungle, 24. 3^'' 444. 440- 
 Jungodo, 199. 
 Junks, 281, 283, to 288. 
 Kanderow, Hindoo God, 475. 
 Kccfe root, 266. 
 Kcw Opuiitia, 28. 
 Kirwaun, 234. 
 Kittyfall, 214. 
 Kouflioun, 234, 135. 
 Lake, at Fattcpoor, 314. 
 Lance, vital Golden, 107. 
 Language, Sooloo, 547, to 550. 
 Latitude, 419, 420, 435 to 439. 
 Lavender Water, 148, 214. 
 Lead, 118, 174, 228, 397, 
 Lemon Grafs, 38. 
 Letter from the King of Cochin 
 China, q2. 
 
 to the King of Cochin 
 
 China, 69. 
 
 onleafofVirginGold, 106. 
 
 froinBuraghinahKing,367. 
 
 Lion, 2)1. 
 
 Loadftones, 118. 
 
 Logwood, 10. 
 
 Longitude, vide Latitude. 
 
 Mace, 245. 
 
 Mahadue, Hindoo God, 478. 
 
 Mahavajee, 306. 
 
 Malay Characters, 572. 
 
 Malay Prows, 388, 389. 
 
 Maldiviny Jack, 38. 
 
 Mangoe Bafket, 405. 
 
 Mangoflins, 402. 
 
 Mangoe Trees, 9, 31, 38, 451. 
 
 Manners, Sooloo, 554. 
 
 Marble, 119, 313. 
 
 MaflTacre, lOi. 
 
 Matchlocks, 231. 
 
 Moochy Wood, 14, 452, 453. 
 
 Moor Ship, 348. 
 
 Morces, 248. 
 
 Mofque, 313, 314. 
 
 Mowkoub, 234. 
 
 Mulberry Trees, 17,28,461,462, 
 
 463- 
 Mutes, 234. 
 Muricu, 31, 
 Mu(k, 228. 
 Mufkcts, 139, 148, 151, 154, 
 
 15s. 179' 395- 
 
 Mulnud, 261, 262,270,272, 309. 
 
 Naazer, 295. 
 
 Nankeen Cl th, 288. 
 
 Natchcnce, 14, 16, 19, 452. 
 
 Nenum Indigo, 22, 23, 26, 27, 39, 
 to 44, method of extracting 
 the colour. 
 
 Ncttks, 38. 
 
 Nifliane, 234. 
 
 Number of Grains of Rice on dif- 
 ferent ftalks, 96. 
 
 Nutmeg Plants, 28. 
 
 Nuzzir, 261, 296. 
 
 Obfervatory, 300. 
 
 Glio, 375, 377> 380, 383. 385- 
 Opium, 228. 
 Oranges, 217, 45^- 
 
 Oran Outans, 561. 
 
 Otter, 314. 
 
 Paddy, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 
 
 176, 239, 240, 255, 444- 
 Pagodas, Coin, 230, 231, 232. 
 Pagodas, Indian Temples, 171. 
 Pa'a Cadija, 39. 
 Palace, 85, Int. to 2d No, ii, 
 
 149, 159. 
 Palanquccn, 250, 296, 422. 
 Palm, 38. 
 
 Pepper, 131, 245, 451, 45S. 
 Pepper, Cultivation in the Cir- 
 cars, I to 30 ; Cultivation on 
 Malabar Coaft, 31 10 36; 
 grows wild on the liills, 2; cul- 
 tivation in I'ravancore Country, 
 Heavy for Europe, Light for 
 Indian Conlumption, 37 ; of 
 Circars 10 ^ Cent better than 
 Malabar Coaft Pepper, 5. 
 Pepper Plantations, 464, to 466. 
 Pepper Plants, 13, 20, 25, 31, 
 
 45'' 45+. .461, 462, 463. 
 Pepper, White, 37. 
 Pir.icy, 399. 
 Pillars on Road, 483. 
 Pollen, 459. 
 Powder Sieves, 395. 
 Prcfents, 203. 
 
 Produce of Buragbmah Domini- 
 ons, log. 
 Prop Trees, 22, 452, 453, 454, 
 455' 456' 461, 462, 464, 465. 
 Quan, 245. 
 
 Quarry of Rcdftone, 314. 
 Quicklilver, fixed, 267. 
 Rajahfliip, 272, 273, 299, 32O. 
 Rains, 4, 7, 9, 23, 38, 454. 
 Rcligion&Placesof Worfliip, 545. 
 Rice, no, 115, 117, 120, 132, 
 
 161, 196, 217, 24c, 251. 
 Ring, 141, 214. 
 RilValla, 233, 234, 235. 
 Roads, 53 to 56; 57 to 64. 
 Rofe Water, 314. 
 Rubies, 107, 186, 367, 394, 397. 
 Rupees, 146, 187, 190, 227, 
 
 23'' 295- 
 Rupees, Arcot, 1S5. 
 
 Rullcn, 322. 
 
 Sobundy, 330. 
 
 Sago P.dm, 27, 38. 
 
 Salt, 12c, 169, 228. 
 
 Saltpetre, 169, 171. 
 
 Sanampoory, 569. 
 
 Sandal, 239, 245. 
 
 Sappan Trees, 463. 
 
 Sappan Wood, ab, 119,461,462. 
 
 Sapphires, 1 19, 394- 
 
 Seerluckers, 213. 
 
 Sheep, 230, 24O. 
 
 Shot, 221. 
 
 Siam, Produce, 118. 
 
 Silk, Muga, 228. 
 
 Silk, Raw, no, 118, 228. 
 
 Silkworms, 17, 28, 4f?3, 466. 
 
 Silver, 1 1 9, 188, 246, 367, 39-^,397. 
 
 Silver Canopy, 367, 39^. 
 
 Sindure, 228. 
 
 Singcrrys, 228. 
 
 Soils, 14, i6, 38. • 
 
 Sooloo Government, 540. 
 
 : Produce, 564. 
 
 Weights, 569. 
 
 Spanifli Money, 570. 
 
 Spanidi Writers, 572. 
 
 Spotted Deer, 574. 
 
 Sp\ing Glallis, 248. 
 
 Steel, 228, 395. 
 
 Stones, 217, 314. 
 
 Storm, 12, 216. 
 
 Sugar, 245, 246, 247. 
 
 Sugar not indigenous to Weft 
 
 Indies, carried from Canaries 
 
 to Hifpaniola, i. 
 Swords, 151, 231. 
 Taak Gate, 481. 
 Taaje Mahal, 311, 312, 313. 
 1 able of Ecliples, 440. 
 Tale, 88. 
 
 Talopin MSS, 113. 
 Tamarind Trees, 171. 
 'I'ambanck, 119. 
 Tank at Combum, 55. 
 Tea, 245. 
 Teak, 10, 17, 26, 173, 174,2^9, 
 
 343. 349. 374. 375. 3^5. 386. 
 
 393' 441- 
 Tean; 245. 
 Teekas, 273. 
 Ticcals, 220. 
 Ticunna, 561. 
 Timber, 115, i2r, 132, 145, 174, 
 
 ^250. 352, 393, 395. 
 
 Tin, 115, 119, 245. 
 
 Tindolo, 251. 
 
 Tin Mines, 402. 
 
 Title of King of Ava, ic6. 
 
 Tobacco, 447. 
 
 Tongtam, 80. 
 
 Tooiliancaguc, 244, 245. 
 
 'J ooti), JBuraghiiiah God's, 171. 
 
 'J'opas, 397. 
 
 Towel, 396. 
 
 Treaty with King of Buraghmah, 
 
 128. 
 Tree Indigo, 39 to 44. 
 Tub, 234. 
 Tulip tlowcr, 397. 
 Tuiban, 295, 404. 
 Turtle, 1 29. 
 Ve Quan, 87. 
 Virgin Gold, ic6. 
 Vifs, 139, 141, 215, 216, 219, 
 
 220, 225. 
 Viffum, 30. 
 
 Voyage loCochinChina, 651094. 
 AVatches, 248. 
 Water Works, 267. 
 Wax, 141. iCo, 174, 227, 395, 
 
 396, 398. 
 Weather at Nagpore, 45 to 48. 
 
 in Circors, 23, 28, 30. 
 
 inTravancoreCountry,37 
 
 Wcather-GlalTcs, 248. 
 
 Wiiite Elephant, &c. 107, 397. 
 
 White Ant, 32. 
 
 WilJ Paddy, 7. 
 
 Yews, 234, 
 
 GENERAL
 
 GENERAL INDEX of PERSONS. 
 
 - A 
 
 BDALLAH411, to 417. 
 Abdool, 577. 
 
 Abdoolah Shaw, 480, 481. 
 Abdul Khauluk, 229. 
 Abdu'.fcmid Chan, 416. 
 Abiffynian Slaves, 335. 
 Abool Fuzzul, 271. 
 Adbiadbeg Chan, 412. 
 Adjeed Sing, 318. 
 Afghans, 404, 408, 409, 495. 
 Afzul Khan, 307. 
 Ahmed Shaw, 292, 305, 307. 
 Ahmed Shaw Abdallie, 306, 307. 
 Ahmud Chan, 408, 412. 
 Ahmud Chan Bengifli, 415, 416, 
 
 418. 
 Ahmuddy, 233. 
 
 Ahmud Shah, 408, 409,410, 411. 
 Akbar, 257, 267, 271, 311, 314. 
 Akbur Shah, 316. 
 Akebut Mahomed, 305. 
 All Khan, 292. 
 Aliverdy Khan, 318, 319. 
 Allanfon, Mr. Richard, 104. 
 Allaum Praw, 107, 109, 211, 
 
 222, 223, 226. 
 AUimodin, 578.* 
 Allifon, -uide Allanfon. 
 Alumgeer, 315. 
 AUumgheer, 403, 405, 406, 411, 
 
 412, 413. 
 Ally Bye, 317. 
 Alves, Capt. Walter, 343, 350, 
 
 3^7' 393> 396. to 398. 
 
 Alyr Hubbuba, 319. 
 
 Alyr Moofa Khan, 322. 
 
 Aman Sing, 275, 276. 
 
 Ambajcc, 298. 
 
 AmbafTador, 67, 177, 195, 137, 
 138, 141 10 143,145, i47»H^- 
 
 •Ampy, 575. 
 
 Amos, 7. 
 
 Amrood Sing, 276, 278, 279. 
 
 Anderfon, Dr. James, 9, 28. 
 
 Dr. A. 22, 25, 37. 
 
 Anee Bawauchie Mauply, 238. 
 
 Annoo wal, 578. 
 
 Anta Manickfir, 411. 
 
 Antonio, or Antony, 201, to 2n, 
 214, to 221, 344, 345, 354, 
 to 362, 366, 368, 371, 379, 
 380, 382, 383, 387, 396. 
 
 A|<ajec Andoo Row, 259. 
 
 Appa Pliojedaor, 2g8. 
 
 Appoong, 577. 
 
 Apporazah, 163, 180, 181, 184, 
 185, i8t>, 187, 190, 191, 198. 
 
 Arabians, 99, 457. 
 
 Armenians, 1 13,137,148,359,392. 
 
 Arnold, 419. 
 
 Arnood Sing, 276. 
 
 Afizodin, 411. 
 
 AfTadoulla, 233. 
 
 Ateets, 495. 
 
 Attaliah, 325, 327. 
 
 Attawill Allah Chan, 408. 
 
 Aukbar Neoife, 234. 
 
 AuUungeer Sani, 307, 
 
 Aumcl, 471, 493. 
 
 Aumil of Korah, 301. 
 
 Auniils, 303. 
 
 Aurengzebe, 272, 303, 304, 413, 
 
 482. 
 Ava, King of, 133,196, 201, to 
 
 211, 216, 217, 219, to 222, 
 
 224, 225, 226, 382. 
 Baaje Row, 274, 275. 
 Baba Bajerow, 318. 
 Babajee, 409. 
 Saboo Naig, 472. 
 Badlial, 575, 576, 577*. 
 Bagfir, 418. 
 Bahatol, 501, 506, 507,521, 541, 
 
 557, 576. 
 Bailey, Capt. 221. 
 Baillie, Capt. 391. 
 Baillie, Lieut. 53. 
 Bajarow, 407, 409. 
 Bajeeraow, 258, te 292. 
 Bajerow, 406. 
 Bajow, 574. 
 Bajow Princefs, 575, 
 Bajows, 522, 526, 55 r, 569. 
 Baker, Capt. Felix, 125. 
 Baker, Capt. George, 97, ico, 
 
 102, 110, 113, 114, 117, ^Z3i 
 
 143, '49, 15', 152, »53' IS*', 
 158, to ]6o, 162, 163, 168, 
 169, 175, to 177, 180, 184, 
 191, 197, 20c. 
 
 Balaje, 415. 
 
 Balajerow, 409,410,412,415. 
 
 Balehjee, 417. 
 
 Balladehr, 276, 278, 28c. 
 
 Bandahara, 542. 
 
 Bandehr, 2;}). 
 
 Bantilan, 575. 
 
 Barangayes, 550, 551. 
 
 Barnet, Commodore, 40c. 
 
 Bartammy, 577*. 
 
 Barton, Capt. 97. 
 
 Baftian Padre, 57 S*. 
 
 Battle, Richard, 385, 391. 
 
 Bauhjee, 415, 417. 
 
 Bejaba Pundit, 468. 
 
 Beem Sing, 292, 293. 
 Beerfah Zemcendars, 260. 
 Begum, 262, 263, 3.1. 
 Behadur Chan Beloucb, 413. 
 Bchwannee, 468, 472. 
 Bellam, Capt. 205, 221. 
 Belfliah, 278. 
 Bemrow Panfch, 471. 
 Bengal, Gov. of, 375, 376, 382 
 383» 385, 388, 390, to 393, 
 
 T, 395- 
 
 Bennay Kuzzaree, 276. 
 
 Beo Sing Deo, 270, to 273. 
 
 Beftenaut Pendit, 406. 
 
 Bheetal Row, 259. 
 
 Biajoos, 558. 
 
 Bicker Majet, 268, 272. 
 
 Biijco Sing, 293, 294. 
 
 Bimbajee, 319, 320, 321, 334, 
 
 „.337, 338, 339. 340, 341- 
 
 Biihenfing, 273. 
 
 BifTajee, 278. 
 
 Biffayas, 550. 
 
 Biflhas Row, 306. 
 
 Bifwals Raw, 415, 417. 
 
 Blickmoore, Mr. Lemuel, 70. 
 
 Boddins, 576. 
 
 Bodun Sing, 304. 
 
 Bonidela Tnbe, 269. 
 
 Bondela, 269, 270, 273, 275, 276, 
 
 280. 
 Bongfo, 577. 
 Bonfulah, 494. 
 Boca of Tonqueen, 89. 
 Booran Shah, 316, 317. 
 Bopaul, z'ide Nabob. 
 Bornean, Mr. 382. 
 Borneos, 550. 
 Borri, 66. 
 
 Bofalec Family, 306. 
 Bol'char Baboo, 317. 
 Bounfla Family, 315, 10342. 
 Bourno, M. 151, 155, 157- 
 Bowyear, Mr. Thomas, 65, to 
 
 71, 73. 75,91. 93' i°4. Ill- 
 
 Braggefes, 449. 
 
 Bra^gies, 495- 
 
 Braithwaite, Colonel, 435. 
 
 Bramins, 116, 231. 
 
 Brigs, M r. 206, 207, 345, 349.357- 
 
 Brooke, Mr. Henry, 97, 113, 124, 
 137. 141, 143, 146, 150, 155, 
 156, 158, 177, 178, 179, 180, 
 184, 185, ib6, 187, 18S, 189, 
 19S, 197, 200, 209, 215. 
 
 Brown, Capt. 54. 
 
 Browfl, Sir Thomas, 555- 
 
 Buck{ky>
 
 INDEX of PERSONS, 
 
 Buckfliy, 232. 
 
 Buckht Beillund, 315, 316. 
 
 Budhoorow, 327. 
 
 BuggcHis, 400, 502. 
 
 Buggues, 550, 552, 556, 567. 
 
 Bumrowly Tribe, 291. 
 
 Buraghmal), viiL- AinbaflTacIor. 
 
 Camp, 144,177,191, 
 
 King, 116,134,135, 
 
 137' 141. 143' M8, 149' '^2, 
 163, 165, 166, 177, to 181, 
 184, 191, 1194, 197, 198, 200, 
 201, 212, to2i6, 344, 347, 
 351. to 373' 376, »o 3b'i, 383, 
 to 386, 388, to 390, 392, 393, 
 
 394. 39«- 
 
 — — ^ King's Brother, 387. 
 
 Son, 166. 
 
 Buraglimahns, 98, to 102, in, 
 114, 116, 117, 118, 131, 133, 
 to 141, 143, 144, 146, 148, 
 
 151. '53' 15s. 1(^3. to 167, 
 177, to 187, 189, 191, 194, to 
 2O0, 345, to 349, 354, 357, 
 358, 360, 383, 388, 389, 392. 
 
 Buraghmah promiles, 218. 
 
 ■ Writer, 209. 
 
 Burhanul Mulick, 407. 
 
 Burmagli, 124. 
 
 Burno, Monf. 181, 183, 188, 190, 
 194, 195, vide Bourno. 
 
 Burns, Capt. 8. 
 
 Burrows, Mr. 347. 
 
 Bufly, Monf. 481. 
 
 Butull Raow, 293. 
 
 Byragges, 449. 
 
 Callc Bigham, 474. 
 
 Cam-al-Odin, 575. 
 
 Campbell, Sir Archibald, 3, 4, 
 5. 13, 17, J 8, 19. 
 
 Capitain Laut, 578. 
 
 Caramat, 577, 577*. 
 
 Carianner^, Bur.nghmah, 100. 
 
 — — fcgu, ICO. 
 
 Carpenters, 121, 132. 
 
 Chafez Rehmit Chan, 408, 414, 
 416, 418. 
 
 Champut Roy, 271, 272, 273. 
 
 Chan AUum, 406. 
 
 Chandaaran Buckfhi, 407. 
 
 Chandouran, 411. 
 
 Chazodin Chan, 409, 410, 411, 
 412, 413, 414. 
 
 Chazodin Chan Ferouz Jing, 407. 
 
 Chccado, 220. 
 
 Chelys, 233. 
 
 Chewa Gnay, 90. 
 
 Chewa Hcan, 90, 
 
 Chewa of Tonqueen, 89, 90. 
 
 Chewa Say, 90. 
 
 Chewa I ean, 89, 90. 
 
 Chewa 1 hung, 90. 
 
 Chinefc, 107, 108, 113, 244, 400, 
 502, 537, 540, 553' 558. 567' 
 569' 570, 577"^- 
 
 Chimnajec, 334, 339. 
 
 Chovvbrali, 138. 
 
 Chuliars, 400, 401. 
 
 Chuiaman, 303, 304. 
 
 Chuttcrfal, or 
 
 Chutierfaul, 274, 275, 277. 
 
 Chutcer Sing, 294, 295, 296. 
 
 Chutterval ? 274. 
 
 Cochin-Ciiinefe, 244, 250. 
 
 Coffrys, t.26, 189. 
 
 Coja Gregory, 351, 355, 356. 
 
 CojiPocas, 351, 352, 353. 
 
 Commattys, 232. 
 
 Coodarat, 578. 
 
 Cookey Thoo, 80. 
 
 Cornwallis, Earl, 6. 
 
 Crafton, Mr. 179, 180, 194, 
 
 Cutchewaul Tribe, 2i;9. 
 
 Cuvvy, or Cuvry Jing, 469. 
 
 Daan Shaw, 310. 
 
 Dalling, Sir John, 4. 
 
 Damanjee Gaikwar, 409, 415,' 
 417. 
 
 Dampier, 68, 99, 103. 
 
 Dancing Girl, 323, 415. 
 -Darat, 558. 
 
 Davidfon, Mr. 13. 
 
 Darogha, 232. 
 
 Dar Shekowa, 403. 
 
 Dato Bandahara, 540, 541, 567. 
 
 Dato Mahomed Bandahara, 557. 
 
 Dato Mamanclia, 541. 
 
 Datos, 540, 541, 542, 550. 
 
 Dato Saraphodm, 537, 557. 
 
 Dato Toomang-gong, 542. 
 
 Dawfon, Capt. 352, 412. 
 
 Dcah Bahadur, 258. 
 
 D'Anville, 118. 
 
 Delicr Chan, ^04. 
 
 Delia Petil, 412. 
 
 De looba, 577. 
 
 De Patooan, 577. 
 
 Depatuan, 575. 
 De Poolow, 577. 
 
 Derriah Bye, 323, to 327, 330, 
 
 ^33'' 334' 339' 34'- 
 Dctta Petil, 413, 414. 
 
 Dewagur, the Dcuan, 341. 
 
 Dewajcc Duan, 3hO. 
 
 Dewajee Pundit Churgoriah, 335. 
 
 Dewan, 475. 
 
 Dhokul Sing, 276. 
 
 Di Bornai, 577. 
 
 Doaft Mahomed, 261. 
 
 Doctor, French, 183. 
 
 Dod, 102, 103. 
 
 Dolland, 419. 
 
 Douglafs, Capt, 19c. 
 
 DounJi Chan, 408, 414, 416, 
 
 418. 
 Dryldalc, Mr. 355. 
 Duan Dcw-igur, 335, 341. 
 Duff, Mr. 67. 
 Dukul Sine;, 407- 
 Dunidah Rajah, 341. 
 Duraftnce Army, 306. 
 Duraiiene Shah, 308. 
 Dutch, 398. 
 Dutchmen, 384, 385. 
 Duttea I'riiice, 272. 
 Dyer, Mr. 211. 
 Ear Mahomed, 261, 262. 
 Ehlifaam Chan, 411. 
 Elmadul Muluck, 4ro. 
 EmbaiTador, -ji^t- AmbafTador. 
 Emperor cf China, 559, 568. 
 EngliHi, 298,341,359,375,383, 
 
 • 392' 393» 396' 562. 
 Enghflimen, 377, 383, to 388, 
 
 _ 393' 395; 
 
 Entizamud Dowlah, 410, 412. 
 
 Eilerjing, 407. 
 
 Efwanbca Po\v.-,r, 265. 
 
 Ewait, Lieut. J. S. 45. 
 
 Ezuddar, 234. 
 
 Fagueer, 479. 
 
 Faquier, 262, 274, 309. 
 
 l'"eiz AUu Chan. 416. 
 
 Fcrkiah, 337. 
 
 Ferokfere, 303, 304. 
 
 Ficz Mahomed, 262. 
 
 Firth, Mr. 36. 
 
 Fleetwood, ftlr. Edward, 104. 
 
 Ford, 389. 
 
 Fort St. George, Gov. of, vide 
 
 Madras, 221. 
 Fcugadar, 492, 498. 
 Fovvke, 105. 
 Fraler, William, 74. 
 Frederick, Mr. 66. 
 French, 121, 144, 150, 198, 376. 
 French King, 251- 
 Fritl, Mr. 243, 244. 251, 253, 254. 
 Jr. Juan, vide Placentia. 
 Furkiah, 3Tt. 
 Futtch Sin^, 271, 273. 
 Fuz AUu Chan, 414. 
 GaphaBye, 327,328,329,331,337. 
 Garuce, 336. 
 Gar COS, 331, 332. 
 Geiieraliihmo, 146. 
 Gen too, 400. 
 
 G|.as-o-diii Clian, 410, 41 1, 412. 
 Gijazuil Dien, 305, 307, 308. 
 Glica^-ui-D.eo, 267. 
 Gliorc Sha, 266. 
 Girkcrs Catt, 269. 
 Gilj^ees, 267. 
 GodJard, General, 259, 263, 264. 
 
 God
 
 INDEX of PERSONS. 
 
 God Rum, 299. 
 
 Gohud Zeemendars, 291,292,293. 
 Gohuid Family, 291. 
 Gohcr Caft, 271. 
 Gomaftah, 279, 280, 
 Gomaun Sing, 276, 277, 278, 279. 
 Gongadehr, 273, 276, 278. 
 Goojer Tribe, 273. 
 Gtx)rul Mauply, 238. 
 Goullandauze, 233- 
 Gound or Goanr Caft, 315. 
 Goufains, 297, 301. 
 Graffia Iribe, 264. 
 Gregorio, 243, 244. 
 Gregory, i53> '54^35'' 352' 354, 
 355, 35S, 359, S^'o. 3^5, 3^6, 
 369, 37-, 371,377' 37^' 379' 
 380, 382, 390. 
 Gudje Sing, 277. 
 Gul Mizza Khan, 322, 341. 
 Gullaum Heyder, 229. 
 Gunjevir Ramfing, 4c;5. 
 Gunner, 390. 
 Gyfford, Mr. 75, 87. 
 Haju, 417. 
 
 Haju Aliai Chan, 417. 
 Hall, Mr. 389. 
 Hameel al Allam, 542. 
 Hamilton, 68, 104. 
 Hammond, Capt. 197. 
 Hapajee Kandoo Row, 278. 
 Harcarrahs, 236. 
 Hardee Shaw, 275. 
 Harris, Herbert, 6, 7. 
 Haftings, Mr. 298. 
 Hatibs, 546. 
 Hecrct Roy, 277. 
 Hcias, Mr. 385, 391, 392. 
 Hemraje Chobnh, 279. 
 Herdee Saw, 279. 
 Herdi Saal, 407. 
 Heyd-r, 231, 236, 238, 239. 
 Higginlbn, Nath. tlq. 65, 66, 69, 
 
 70, 72,^74, 75, '04. 
 Himmut Gofain, 301. 
 Hindce Saw, 277. 
 Hindoos, 257, 271,468,472,476, 
 
 493, 497- 
 Hindoo God, Kanderow, 475. 
 
 Hindoo Gcd, Mahadue, 478. 
 
 Hindooput, 216, 277, 279. 
 
 Hindoo Raow, 298. 
 
 Hodges, Mr. 348. 
 
 Hoohoobunley Caft, 318. 
 
 Holwell,Hon.Johr Zephaniah,352 
 
 Hope, Mr. Buckley, 221, 345, 
 
 349, 356, 3^7. 338' 3^^5, 3^7, 
 
 3^9, 374. 394- 
 Howes, Capt. John, 200, 209. 
 Huikar, 259, 327, 332. 
 Hunter, M.. 125, 126, 127, 184, 
 
 197. 
 Hurry Pundit Furkiah, 327, 330, 
 
 33'>337- 
 
 Huflimbeg Khan, 319. 
 Hyant Mahomed hihan, 263. 
 Hyar Sing, 271, 272: 
 Hyder Ally, 27, 327. 
 Hyder Naig, 482. 
 Hyder Shaw, 480. 
 Hyrat Mahomed, 262. 
 Ibrahim, 331. 
 
 Ibrahim Chan Gardi, 415, 417. 
 Ibrahim Kb«n, 326, 330, 335, 336. 
 Ibrahim Khan Dousflia, 325. 
 Ibrahim Kl-.an Dowlah, 322. 
 Idaan 526, 527, 535, 536, 537, 
 
 53», 547' 552, 558, 559' 5^0, 
 
 561, 562. 
 Imaum, 546. 
 Imperial Aumil, 292. 
 Indians, 267. 
 Inglis, Capt. 344, 345, 346, 347, 
 
 356, 365- 
 Ifaai, 278. 
 ITaafi Soubadar, 273. 
 Iflimael, 335. 
 Khmael Khan, 325, 326,330,331, 
 
 33'^^ 334. 336- 
 Iftam, 537, 538, 551. 
 Ilbof Ally Gardee, 327, 329, 
 
 ^332. 333- 
 Ifoof Khan, 336. 
 Jaage Khan, 333. 
 Jackfon, Capt. Robert, 177, to 
 187, 190, to 193, 195, 199,200. 
 Jackuk, 341. 
 JatTar, 578. 
 
 Jakoub Allu Chan, 415, 416. 
 Jal AloJin, 575. 
 Jannajne Numbalker, 470. 
 Janojce, 317, 319, 320, 321, 322, 
 
 323' 324. 325, 327, 339- 
 Tauly, 389. 
 
 Janujee Rumba, 473- 
 
 fanuje Ncembjlker, 471. 
 
 Jappaners, 85, to 87. 
 
 Jaum Sing Hazzarre, 326. 
 
 Jauts, 291, 295,296, 300,303, 
 
 3'0, 3'3- 
 Javanefe, 550. 
 
 Jawahir Smg, 300, 308, 309. 
 
 Jv.-aji Appa, 408, 409, 412. 
 
 jelian Chan, 412. 
 
 Jeliander Sbaw, 304. 
 
 Jebanger, 269, 271. 
 
 Jehuvver Jing, 473. 
 
 Jemidar, 234. 
 
 Jengou Delia, 413. 
 
 Jengoujee, 413,417. 
 
 lens'ourau, 1 
 
 ■{ f n ^412, 414, 4tC, 417. 
 
 |enjou Rau, J ^ ' t t, -r j' -r / 
 
 }eiuits, no. 
 
 Jefvvint Raw Penvvar, 415, 417. 
 
 Jewram Jaut, 265. 
 
 Jcypoore Prince, 301. 
 
 Jeypoore Princes, 299. 
 
 Jeypojr Rajah, 304, 308. 
 
 7 o 
 
 Jeyfing, 304. 
 
 Jcyfing's Son, 405. 
 
 Jifh, 234. 
 
 Jiwahire Sing, 308. 
 
 Jomall, 400. 
 
 Jon^s, General, 53. 
 
 Jooul Fucear al Dowlah, 304. 
 
 Jofcph de Cruz, 389. 
 
 Jowahrr Sing, 308, 310. 
 
 Jowkdar, 234. 
 
 Jual Pallawan, 575, 576. 
 
 JuggutRoy, 275, 277. 
 
 Juggut Saal, 407. 
 
 Juhan Pallawan, 541, 543, 544. 
 
 Junkamoyers, 191, 
 
 Juluph Ally, 338. 
 
 Kaim Chan, 408, 418. 
 
 Kally Bigham, 473. 
 
 Karr, Capt. Henry, 190. 
 
 Kaunnah, 291, 292. 
 
 Kceches, 257. 
 
 Keclaun-tumby-raun, 238. 
 
 Keerut Sing, 277. 
 
 Keiadar Kifhwer AH Khan, 292. 
 
 Keriantrs, 14c. 
 
 Khan, 291. 
 
 Khullcejce, 257. 
 
 Killardar, 261, 275, 297. 
 
 Killedars, 232. 
 
 K'niraje Ch<jna, 276. 
 
 King, 81, 89, 115, 148, 149, 212, 
 
 213, 214, 215, 216. 
 King of Ava, 129, 130, 131, 382. 
 King of Ava's Son, 142,164. 
 King of Bcjapore, 4.03. 
 King, vide Biaraghmah, 
 King of Camboja, 74. 
 King of Cochin China, 65, 69, 73, 
 
 74, 8j, 89, 92, 251, 252. 
 King of England, 397. 
 King of Momchabue, 134. 
 King of Pegu, 135, 152, 187, to 
 191,196,197,199,200,223,213. 
 King of Quedab, 402. 
 King of Siam, 74. 
 King of Siiccadana, 66. 
 King of Tr.bitabi, 572. 
 King of Tavay, 115,226. 
 King of Tonqucen, 70, 74. 
 King of Travcncore, i 7. 
 Kirfop, Mr. Robert, 241, 243. 
 Kilhun-tumbv-raun, 237. 
 Kiflnver ali Khan, 292. 
 KilFeree Sing, 309. 
 Koman, 276, to 279. 
 Konig, Dr. 18. 
 Kuliick Khan Nizul mul Muiuck, 
 
 258. 
 Kunibut Row, ^.q'i. 
 Kummeradin Chan Chandaraan, 
 
 406. 
 Kummerodin Chan, 411. 
 Kumincvodin Jehandcr Shall, 41 1. 
 Kyd, Col. 27. 
 
 Lavecnc,
 
 INDEX of PERSONS. 
 
 'Laveene, ",56, 365, 37a. 
 Luvin, Monf. i94< 
 Laiircns, M. 251, i;3- 
 Laws, 67. 
 
 Lee, Richard, 38^, 38^, 387. 
 Lennon, Lent. Win. OaiilficW, 53. 
 Lellic, Col. 97. i8o, 
 Lciler, Eiifign Rob. 200, 201, 403, 
 
 210, 2Z1. '■'' '''■'' 
 
 Lewi.-, 385, ?86, 3S-- 
 Light, Finiicis, lilq. 3f;9. 
 Linnius, Sir C. 39. 
 
 Son, 39. 
 
 Lifle, 108, 114. 
 
 Lowes, Capt, 4ai. 
 
 Loyala, 543. 
 
 Luxamana, 399. 
 
 jVlacartiiey> Lord, 461. 
 
 Mackenzie, Colin, 57. 
 
 Mudhoorow, 323.325,3*6, 328, 329. 
 
 Madojee, 333. 
 
 Mahdoorow, 321. 
 
 Madowjee Scindia^ 265. 
 
 IVJadras, Governor of, 187, to 191, 
 
 197, 199, 212, 221, 377, 394. 
 Mahadajec, 469. 
 
 Mahadajee Scinda, 165, 268, 469. 
 Maharajah, 271. 
 Maharaja Lela, 1:41, 543. 
 Maharaja Oopoo, 57^. 
 Maharaja Palawan, 509. 
 Maha Rajah Raua, Serree Scwa, 
 
 Loke IndcrChutter Sing, Bahadur 
 
 Dillicv Jung, 295. 
 Mahomed Allimodin, S75» 577"- 
 Mahomed AUu Chan, 414, 41;' 
 Mahomed Khau BurguQi Soubadar, 
 
 -74' ^7S- ^ ,. 
 Mahomed Naflarodin, 575, 577*. 
 
 Mahomed Shaw, 257, 274,304, 305. 
 
 Mahomed Sing, 304. 
 
 Mahomedy, 233. 
 
 Mahomer,' 546, 575. 
 
 Mahometans, 405, 493, 545, 546, 
 
 5+7' ?58- , ,. 
 MahomudBadarodm, 572, 573, 575, 
 
 577*- 
 Mahomud Mo-i-Jod:n, 577*. 
 
 Mahratta Aumils, 264. 
 
 Mahrattas, 235, 236, 258, 262, 26.1, 
 265, 273, to 275, 277, 27«, 280, 
 292, to 294, 296, to 2^'i, 305, 
 307, 3' 5. 3-5' 3=9> 4°3- 406, to 
 408, 410, to 418,469,472,475. 
 492. 
 
 Main ul Muluck, 411. 
 
 Malabar Supercargo, 39S. 
 
 Malajee Holcar, 265. 
 
 Malays, 68, 99, 399, 400, 548, 550, 
 
 Sj'' jTi' 3^5' 
 M.ilct, Mr. 265. 
 Malinoog, 578. 
 MamaiK-ha, 542, 543. 
 Minjce Norata, 397. 
 Mar.icklir, 417. 
 Manico, 244. 
 Maniko, 243. 
 Mannabee, 541, 542. 
 M.mnabccl, 54 1. 
 IManulir, 415. 
 
 Marhattah Women, 328. 
 Marahom Bongfo. 57;, 576. 
 Marahom Caramat or lia1Mi.1l, 575. 
 Marahom Mahomud Moi-Jodin, 575. 
 Marahom Tiing-a, 575. 
 Marahom Touuibang Doroompoct, 
 
 577-. ,^ , , 
 Marquis of Enfcnaaa, 573. 
 
 Maridcu, Mr. 4. 
 
 Martin, Lieut. 53. 
 
 Mathar Row, 305, 308. 
 
 M..thews, General, 231. 
 
 Mauplys, 238. 
 
 Maxtone, Mr. 49- 
 
 Maxwell, Mr. 30. 
 
 Wears, Charles, 389. 
 
 Mecr:,ui Norrataw, 360. 
 
 Meer Jec Tribe, 260. 
 
 Meer Moofa Khan Rookcn al Dow- 
 
 lah, 32b, 335. 
 
 Meer Mozhir Ali, 2.^8. 
 
 Me^ka Scmane, 410. 
 
 Miguel, 243, 244- 
 
 Miller, Capt. 102, 34R, 340. 350. 
 
 Minoolu Sa'ahamal UUa. 578. 
 
 Mirjood Si ig, 297. 
 
 Mirza, 404. 
 
 Mirza Baber, 412. 
 
 Mirza Rajah Jeyfing, 403, 404, 405. 
 
 Millionarys, 254. 
 
 Modajce, 317, 319, to 327, 329, to 
 
 337' 339' 340. 34i« 
 IModajee Kh;.n, 333. 
 Mohamed Chan Bciigifl\, 406, 408. 
 Mohamed Shah, 40S, 400, 410. 
 Mohamed Shaw, 406, 407. 
 Mohim Sing, 318. 
 Mohun Sing, 304, 320. 
 Momlabuc, 137. 
 MooUock Mandcrafia, 541, 544. 
 Moor, 382. 
 INIoors, 103, 137. 
 Morattas, viJt Mahrattas 
 Mortceza Khan Bareich, 301. 
 Moumin Chan, 409. 
 Mounchys, 235. 
 Mounongolc, 238. 
 Mowkoulidar, 234. 
 Mow'a;ia, 578. 
 Mubul Ali Khan, 331. 
 Mudhoo ow, 328. 
 Miieed Klian, 320. 
 Mujeed Khan Ruliillah, 319. 
 Miilhar Houlkar, 406, 408, 409. 
 Mulliar Rau, 409, 410, 411, 412, 
 
 414, 415' 4'7- 
 Mulhar Row, 258, 259, 308. 
 Mumchabuc, King of, 134. 
 Munjui Narrataw, 21s, 22c, 363, 
 
 3&^ 37'. 373- 
 Munkulla, 234. 
 Munfliour or Counfellor, 232. 
 Munrtiuraun, 232. 
 Murad Bchfii, 403. 
 IMuratib Bchfli, 412. 
 Mur Bachflii, 410. 
 Mufa Kawn, 482. 
 Mufcfir Chan, 406. 
 Mufquctecrs, 149. 
 Muflubdars, 271. 
 
 Muflee, Englifli, 206. 
 
 Myr Moofah Khan Rookun all 
 
 Dowlah, 335. 
 Myr Moofa Khan, 336. 
 Nabob, 261, to 264, 369, 274, 296, 
 
 318, 326, 327, 334, to 337. 
 Nabob Bahadur, 305. 
 Nabob Fazibcg Khann, 48<;. 
 
 Fazilbcg Khawn, 486. 
 
 Nabob Jooul Fuccar al Dowlah, 304. 
 Nabob Mahomed Khan Bungudi, 
 
 275. 
 Nabob of Bopaul, 258, 263. 
 Nadir Shaw, 258, 407. 
 Naib, 229, 259, 263. 
 Naiis, 237. 
 Najebud Dowlih, 411, to 416, 
 
 418. 
 Nakib, 542. 
 Nanajec, 317. 
 Narga? or Facqu'crs, 298. 
 Narrain Row, 326, 327, 328. 
 
 ; M'ifc, 329. 
 
 Nafer Jing, 409. 
 
 Naflarodin, -.5 7H*. 
 
 Naun Khan, 296. 
 
 Nuwab, 330, 33^, 336. 
 
 Nawab pcliel Khan, 315. 
 
 Nawil Sing, 309. 
 
 Nazimof the Decan, 403. 
 
 Ncgapatam, Gov. of, 398. 
 
 Ncgrais, Chiefof, 141, 144, 204, 206, 
 
 207, 221, 222, 
 
 Nejabjt, 416. 
 Nerwar, 299. 
 Newton, Lieut. Thomns, soo, 202, 
 
 205, 207, 209, 211, 219, 345, 365. 
 Newton, Mr. Andrew, 200. 
 Newton, Sir Ifaac, 576. 
 Ne/.ani al Mulk, 321, 
 Nicoofc, 195. 
 
 Nittoon, 3-3. .o:t 
 
 Niiam,26i, 324, to 326, 3'«^,t6 
 
 332. 335' 337' to 339. 469, to 
 
 475' 478' to 481, 484, to 486. 
 Nizam al Dowl.ih, ^27. 
 Nizam Ally, 317, 321. 
 Nizam Ally Khan, 325. 
 Nizam u! Mulk, 407, 409, 410, 480, 
 
 40 1 . . / 
 
 Noliility, 1540, 541. 
 Nuck Boo Tot^in, 90. 
 Nock Ramafs, go. 
 North, Lieut, John, 143, 145, 146, 
 
 i8o, 184. 
 Noqueda, 383. 
 Nujal al Do«lah, 307. 
 Nu^ebiid Dovvlah, 416, 
 Nuiceph Khan, 297, 299, 309, 310. 
 Nu;ub-ul-Dovvi.i, 308. 
 N ila Jadoun, 406 
 Numbjlkcrs, 4-3. 
 Nurrcllce Jackuk, 340, 341. 
 Nuzeeih al Dowlah, 302. 
 Nuzeeph Khan, 295, 296, 301, 302, 
 
 303, 309, 311, 314. 
 Nuzzeeb ul Dowlah, 305, 307, 308, 
 Omrahs, 304, 305, 313, 413. 
 Orankayas, 551. 
 
 Oranky
 
 1 1^ 6 Ek^ of P E R S O N S. 
 
 Oraiiky Mallick, JI.7,.^51, ^40, 542, 
 544, 5?7> 567.: ' : ' 
 
 Oranky Ogoo, 57;, 576. 
 
 Orankys, 509, 540. . ' 
 
 Of\kiir, 234. ('5 |'^: 
 
 Ourcha Rajah, 272^ '-^T^' 
 
 Paltany People, 4x1s. 
 
 Pahar Sing, 277. 
 
 Pangcran Boddeeman, 575. 
 
 Pangeran Tidory, 578. 
 
 Panglecma, jcc;, 542, 544. 
 
 Pangleema Milahum, 50, 567. 
 
 Parean Batang, 509. •■■ 
 
 Paffir, 528. 
 
 Patan, 336. 
 
 Patan Princes, 2;-. 
 
 Pat:ins, 257, 493. 
 
 Patan Tribe, 260. 
 
 Paul, Mcnf. 243. 
 
 Paulo, Mcnf. 244. 
 
 Pearce, Col 58, 62. 
 
 Pecuda, Mr. 185. 
 
 P«erab Sing, 301. 
 
 Peg er, 124. 
 
 Peguers, 99, to lor, 105, 106, 130, 
 133, to 136, 138, to 14.0, 142, 
 144. i49» to 1^2, 154, 156, 163, 
 to 167, 177, 181, 182, 183, 18;, 
 186, 189, 19?, igt, 194, 197, ,98, 
 199,20;, 207, 213,217, 365,367, 
 
 3H37-'. 374. 39«» 394> 397' 
 1 egu 1-orces, 181. 
 Pegu Generals, 134. 
 Pegu, King of, 135, H2, 187, 188, 
 
 189, J90, 19 r, 195, 196, 197, igg, 
 
 213, 219, 220, 223, 224, 225, 226. 
 Pelagee Nak, 319. 
 Peons, 23;, 233, 260. 
 Peraab Sii g„ 301. 
 Perfiim, Prince of, 128; 204, 2ot, 
 
 209, 212, 213, 214, 21J, 216, 219, 
 
 220. 
 Perfaitn, Saggee of, 206, 218. 
 Periic Raaje, 3C0. 
 Peruvian Incas, 546. 
 Pcnwa,259, 278, 317,3,8, 321,332, 
 , 323,,3^25. 326, 327, 334, 335, 338. 
 Pigof, Gov. 127, 195, 5^6, 34-, 
 
 35'» 35^» 35^» 370»?7', 380, 39O, 
 
 397, 398, vide Wadras- 
 Pionaul', 274. 
 
 Pitt, Gov. Thomas, 66, 10 j. 
 Pi/.am Saw, 271. 
 
 Phcentia, ir. Juan dc, 550, 551. 
 Pladwell, VV illiam, 2c6, 209,2 1 1 ,2 lu. 
 Plmy, 459. 
 
 loivre, iMonf. Lc, 251, 252, 253. 
 Pondarum Call, 463. 
 Pongloc, 578. 
 Ponna Del. a, 133, 134. 
 Pofttidern, 459. 
 Porrab Sing, 3c o. 
 Portal Sing, 294. 
 Portcc Rajah, 508. 
 Portuguef. 388, 547, 55,. 
 ) owan Tribe, 277. 
 Powney, Capt. Thomas, 97, uo, 
 
 riince, 91, 135, 272,360,361. 
 Pnncc of Caffay, 1,6. 
 
 Prince of Champa, 67, 87, gt. 
 
 Prince of Dagoii, 38;, 386. 
 
 Prir.ce of Perfiim, 13S, 597. 
 
 Princes of MaUra^ 266. 
 
 Princefs of Calf'ay, 1 1 6. 
 
 Pringie (late) iVlajor, 57. 
 
 Pumacic?, 329. 
 
 Purwal Sing, 340. 
 
 Quuis or Quoys, 164, 16;, 191. 
 
 Raja, 272, 273, 274, 27s, 276, 
 
 280. 
 Raews, 300, 30 1. 
 RagoiiatRow, 332,338,409,411,412. 
 Ragepoois, 264, 377, qoi, 4C4, 
 Ragoboiv, 327, to 330, 337, 333. 
 Raiban, 340 
 Railour, 407. 
 Raja Bahaiat Saw, 271. 
 Raja B.mdahara, 541. 
 Rajah, 135, 195, 274, 275,^76, 304, 
 
 305, 3.8, 319. 
 Rajah Akrani, 487, 
 Rajah of Echdour, 407. 
 Ra'ah of Khind, 292. 
 Rajah Chiter Sing, 474. 
 Rajah of Chundely, 257. 
 Rajah of Cotah Cotah, 53, 54. 
 Rajah (if Damdah, 340. 
 Rajah Glrdher Behadur, 406. 
 Rajah, viJe Gongadehr. 
 Rajah Hemmut Go'iiainj 294, 301. 
 Rajah Hindoput, 276. 
 Rajah Hitcharam, 491. 
 Rajah of Jeypoor, 301. 
 Rajah Jeyfing, 299, 300, 404, 407. 
 Rajah Jeyfing Sewai, 407. 
 Rajah Kaunuah, 292. 
 Raja Laut, 541, 543. 
 Rajah Madhow Sing, 414. 
 Rajah Matow Raw Hendit, 411. 
 Rajah Nailing Appa Row, 4S6. 
 Rajah Noul Rai, 408. 
 Rajah of Peju, 163, 164. 
 Ra ah Ram B-.ihadeer, 484. 
 Rajah Ramchuni, 474. 
 Rajah Ranah Chutter Sing, 310. 
 Rajah Ranjcet Sing, 3,0. 
 Rajah Sahow, 31,, 320, 409. 
 Rajah Sectciam Rofc, 489. 
 Rajah Unkit Row, 47S. 
 Rajahs, 258, 261, 209, 270, 274, 
 
 279, 280, 29 1, 29S.' 
 Rajed.ir'Khawn, 484. 
 Rajpoot, 403, 408. 
 Raepoot, 269. 
 Ram Raja, 237, 409. 
 Rana, 297, 298, 403. 
 Ranah, 291, 292, 293, 29;, to 298. 
 Ranne, 319. 
 Rannee of Janojce, 330. 
 Ranojec Scindiah, 265, 268. 
 Ranugee Sindha, 406, 408. 
 Raow of Machcrec, 301, 
 Rennell, Major, 117. 
 Rewa Rajah, 279. 
 Reynolds, C^.pt, 267. 
 Rhohillas, vice Rohillas. 
 Ricksby, 389. 
 Riots, 260. 
 Roberts, Mr. William, 253. 
 
 Robcrtfon, Mr. J.s 34;. 357, i:9, 
 
 365. 36?, 37>. 3«S» 39'. 39^. 
 
 396. 
 
 Robinfon, Lieut. 54, 
 
 RoJdam, Capt. 10, it. 
 
 Rogaiiaut Row, 273, 278, 294, 295, 
 
 „ 30s. 333. 338. 
 
 Rohiha, 260, 30J. 
 
 Rohillas, 302, 408, 409, 414, 416, 
 
 417. 
 Rookcm si Dowlah, 322. 
 Rooken ul Daulah, 474. 
 Ro's, Mr. Andrew, 2, 3, 5, 0, 9, 
 
 10, II, 17, 17, iq, 
 Roxburgh, Dr. Wiirara, i, 2, ji, 
 
 5, 6, g, to 12, 16, to 19, 21, 24, 
 
 '0=7. 37. 39. 45'. 4t6. 
 Ruggogee, Jib, to 320, 322, 323, 
 
 3-J. to 327, 329, to 331, 333, 
 
 334» 33S, to 341. 
 " "gg'jcc Boorslah orBuncello, 315. 
 Rum, i.;^e Go J. 
 Ruflcl, Claud, Efqr. 49, 96, 21;;. 
 Rullell, Dr. Patrick, 3, 17, 49. 
 Ruttun Sing, 309. 
 Saad All.h Chan, 41,8. 
 Saad Mahomed, 262. 
 Saad Ulla Chan, 414. 
 Sabalmal, 541, 543. 
 Sabares, 405. 
 Sabha Sing, 27^. 
 Sabajee, 319, 321, to 327, 339, to 
 
 33'. 333. 1033;, 339, 
 baggec ot Perlaim, 200, 218. 
 Sahabodin, 575, 576, 577*. 
 Sahabodin's Sifter, 575, 
 Sahaji, 403. 
 Sahjba Muhcl, 410. 
 Sahiba Petil, 413. 
 Sah Jehanabad, 40;. 
 Sah Mahanuid Khaji, 341. 
 Sahou, 406. 
 Sahaw Rajah, 319. 
 Siiph Odin, 577. 
 Sapheodin, 575. 
 Sarre Bangi'awan, 543, 
 Sarre Lama, 542. 
 -■■'arre Raja, 542. 
 Sav.,g., ^:r. ,S,-, rg-. 
 baunder^ Ga». 97, 139, 184, iqj'- 
 Sawa Jan, ^41. 
 Scindia, ^,,/f Sindii. 
 Scdartnou, 41 J. 
 Scsktram Baboo, 323. 
 Scekaram I'undir, 3;g. 
 Scetccahecl. 57,-, 576, 577». 
 SefJerJ.ng, 403, 4.0. 
 
 Scfcer Jing Abwil McnrourChan,4oJ' 
 Segers, 493. 
 
 Sfggccs, 142, 16?, 1(4. 
 Seiwaje 403, 40^, 405. 
 ^elabit Jin?, 410. 
 Scinbachi Kcreira, 414, 41- 
 Sembha Kifs, 418. 
 Scm amud Dmvlah, 414. 
 Senecnnec Tribe, 303. 
 Sepoys, 232, 331. ^ 
 ^'T.ing, 3;o. 
 
 Scrdar Chan Buxev, 414. 
 Serif, 574. 
 
 Serif;,
 
 INDEX of PERSONS. 
 
 Serifs, 1546. 
 
 Senicet Sin-, 176, 280. 
 
 ^eierSaal, 4C7. 
 
 heicr Saal Boimdela, 406. 
 
 Sew.i'ee ElbiU, 259. 
 
 Shibinder, 242, 24.8, 368. 
 
 Shah Abdillah, 413,10417. 
 
 thah Alliini, 418. 
 
 Shah Allum Behadur, 41 1. 
 
 Shall Allum^heer, 418. 
 
 Shah KaatnbchQi, 413. 
 
 Shah Mahomud Khan, 341. 
 
 Shah Wallc Chan, 416. 
 
 Sha Jehan, 267. 
 
 Shaw AlUim, 403. 
 
 Shaw Jehan, 272, 311, 403, 413, 
 
 414. 
 Sheck Aflaan, 301. 
 Siicich Nizam, 405. 
 >>hu^ah, 403. 
 Shuiah Dowlah, 412. 
 Shu'ah 111 Doivlah Behadur, 414. 
 •Shumflieir Behadur, 415, 417. 
 Siamefc, loi, 120, 191, 382, 4C0, 
 
 401. 
 Simento, loi. 
 S.mid Chan, 412 
 Sindha, 405, 406. 
 S ndha Rajah, 405, 409. 
 SindiM, 2,8, 259, 263, 264, 273, 
 
 273, 327, 332. 
 Sirdar Cawn, 237, 239. 
 Sirdar Sing, 318. 
 Siwai Jeyfing, 407. 
 Smart, Mr. 106. 
 t>miths, 132. 
 S jlomon, 503, 
 Sooloos, 511, 526, (;28, 530, 532, 
 
 545, 546, 556, 553, jlS, 572, 
 
 573, ^77*, 578*- 
 hoppcn Woman, 575. 
 Soubadar, 270. 
 Soubadar of Agm, 304. 
 Soucars, 230. 
 Soiijah Dowlah, 237, 
 Soura;;e Mul, 304, 305, 306, 307, 
 
 3c8, 309. 
 Sourijmaal Jaat, 410. 
 Sourymaal (aats, 415. 
 Soathby, Capt. Wm. Hy. 343, to 
 
 345, 347, 34'-), 356, 357. 
 Spaniarus, 505, 514, 546, 547, i;;©, 
 
 5^'8, 572, to 574, 576, 577*, 
 
 578». 
 Stanclifte, 419. 
 Siilgoc, Capt. Zechariah, 65, 87. 
 
 Stringfellow, Mr. J 77, 178, 180, 
 
 185, 186. 195. 
 Stylcman, John, 74. 
 Subahdar, 234. 
 Subahdar ot' Cattack, 494, 
 Subah ot Bengal, 317. 
 Sub.ijce, 3 I 7. 
 Subanos, 558. 
 Suddfr Jehan, 477. 
 Sutder Jung, 305. 
 Sujah Dowlah, 412, 413. 415, 416. 
 Sujah ul Dowlah, 296, 297, 415, 
 
 416, 417, 418. 
 Suhan, 517, 529, 540, 541, 543, 
 
 544, 573- to 575- 
 Sultan Ahmood, 477. 
 
 Sultan Aurungzcbc, 403. 
 
 Sulian-Badarodin, 524, 577*. 
 
 Suhan Bantilan, i;63, 567, 568. 
 
 Sultan Chan Behfl), 413. 
 
 Sultan Doongoon, 572, 575. 
 
 Sultan Hamfa, ^78. 
 
 Sultan Jal Alodin, or Baflial, 576, 
 
 Sultan Mahomed, 261, 262. 
 
 Sultan Serif, 575, 576. 
 
 Sultaun Nafis ul Deen Gihgec, 267. 
 
 Summer Sine;, 327, 329. 
 
 Sumroo, 308. 
 
 Sumfamud Dowlah, 411. 
 
 Surfraz Khan, 319. 
 
 Suikele, 234. 
 
 Sutherland, Capt. 384. 
 
 Swainc, Capt. 146, 157, 177, 178, 
 
 i8d, 181, 187, i8g, 195. 
 Tagalos, 5^0, 551. 
 Tallopins, Buraghmah, 100. 
 
 — — i'egu, 100. 
 
 Tanah Shaw, 480, 481, 482. 
 
 Tannas, 294, 295. 
 
 Tappaiils, 234. 
 
 Tarabai, 409. 
 
 TarraBye, 319, 320, 333. 
 
 Tavay, vide King ot. 
 
 Taylor, Mr. Thomas, 97, 113. 
 
 Tcrah Bye, 315. 
 
 Terrawan Surky, 279. 
 
 Thevenot, M. 98, 3 It, 
 
 Thomas, 108, 343, 244. 
 
 Tirmuck Mama, 327, 329, 330. 
 
 Timur, 412. 
 
 Timur Shah, 412. 
 
 Tippo Sultaun, 58. 229, to 233, 235, 
 
 236, 237, 238, 240. 
 Tirmuck Roy, 259. 
 Tiroon Woman, 575, 577*. 
 Tokajee Holkar, 259. 
 
 Toomang-goong, 54 r. 
 
 Toonka Mooda, 399. 
 
 Topping, Michael, 399, 419, 450. 
 
 Tornery, M. 105. 
 
 Tredcroft, Edward, 74. 
 
 Tuan Caly, 542, 546. 
 
 Tubdar, 234. 
 
 Turner, Mr. William, 227. 
 
 Ung Ai Coy Boc, 80. 
 
 Ung chte mo, 242, 248. 
 
 Ung Cookey Thoo, 80, 81,82, 85,86, 
 
 Ung Cowe Toe. 82. 
 
 Ung Coy Back Looke Deam, 78, 80, 
 82, 85, 86. 
 
 Ung How, 91. 
 
 Ung Kay An, 242, 248. 
 
 Ung Taa, 91. 
 
 Ung Thoo Aloy, 80. 
 
 Ung Treebo, 248. 
 
 Upa Raja, 193, 104, 2i3. 
 
 Uper Roger, 192. ") 
 
 Upoo Rajah, 198. | y., »__.„ 
 
 Uppa Raja ■93. ^ ^1^^'' 
 
 Uppa Rajah, 213. | 
 
 Upper Rajah, 163.J 
 
 Upton, Col, 467. 
 Ulleen, 577. 
 Viilals, 546. 
 Viziers, 296, 395. 
 Vizier VVali chan, 414. 
 Wappat, 578. 
 Ward, Colonel, 437. 
 A\'eldon, Capt. 103. 
 Werworum Rsiye, 237, 238. 
 Wcftgarth, Mr.' Robert, 1S7, iSg. 
 Whitehill, Mr. John, 150, 157, 177, 
 to 179, 182, to 187, 195, 199, 
 3?2, 375, 3S5. 
 Whithal, i. e. Whitehill, 
 Wolley Mahomed, 337. 
 Women Dancers, 149. 
 Woriworura Raiyc, viae Werworum. 
 Wright, Thomas, 74. 
 Yale, Governor, 103. 
 Yafeen Mahomud, 262, 263. 
 Yewsdar, 234. 
 Yufuph Ally, 337. 
 Zabit Jung, 322. 
 Zabtah Khan, 302. 
 Zachary, 153, 1^4, 1^5. 
 Zamorin, 237, 2 3 3. 
 Zcniecndars, 258, 270, 291, 292, 
 
 293, 300. 
 Zemeendars of Anuntwarr.1, 257. 
 Zemeendais of Sundwarra, 257. 
 Zulfekar Chan, 406, 
 
 N.B. I have not ventured to make a Li/l oi Sjnonymes to the Index o^ Perfons. ^^
 
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