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 Weekes— ;\[ilson 
 
 Monograph on the old Franciscan 
 f'lission, Santa Barbara, California
 
 f 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 
 MONOGRAPH 
 
 on the 
 
 )ld Franciscan Mission 
 
 SANTA BARBARA 
 CALIFORNIA 
 
 PRICE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS
 
 Has done more 
 real good for the 
 human i«ace than 
 all the drugs that 
 were ever com- 
 pounded. 
 
 Stomach, Liver, Malaria, Headaches 
 or Constipation. 
 
 We will put a case in your Shome on ten days' 
 trial— you to be the judge as to its merits. Leave 
 your name and address with your druggist. Results 
 first— pay after. If you want to cure a disease 
 you must remove the cause. 
 
 WHAT VERONICA HAS DONE FOR OTHERS IT IS 
 GUARANTEED TO DO FOR YOU 
 
 LET US SEND YOU A CASE ON TRIAL 
 
 -SOLD BY ALL DEALERS- 
 
 Yerooica Medicinal Springs Water Company
 
 ^MONOGRAPH 
 
 on the 
 
 OLD FRANCISCAN MISSION 
 
 Santa Barbara 
 California .y 
 
 By 
 Leila Weekes-Wilson, ^ 
 
 Printer 
 
 Pacific Coast Publisiiing Company 
 
 1913
 
 Copyright. 1913 by 
 Leila Weekes-Wilson 
 
 Published. October, 1913 
 
 Photographs by the author 
 
 All rights reserved
 
 'Four crninhliiKi irnlls of rose-stained gray 
 The unci en/ chapel atatids to day " t' ^^ ^ ^ 
 
 The author dedicates this httle Monograph to 
 Mrs. Frani< J. Maguire — and her friendly interest. 
 
 And acknowledges with much appreciation the 
 assistance of Father Zephyrin Engelhardt, O. P. M. 
 
 614112 
 
 ' The land irhere ulriiwreTThr-rer ceane 
 Their sunny pmlin of Hijhl and peace.
 
 • Oo Utile hook, God seiiil //ti'f good pansac/e, 
 And specialty let this be thy 2)rayere 
 Unto them all that thee will read or hear. 
 Where thou art wrong, after their help to call 
 Thee to correct in any part or all."
 
 LIST OF FATHERS 
 
 AT THE OLD FRANCISCAN MISSION 
 19 13 
 
 Reverend Theodore Arentz, Superior 
 Reverend Turibius Deaver 
 Reverend Zephyrin Engelhardt 
 Reverend James Nolte 
 Reverend Humilis Wiese 
 Reverend Paul Meyer 
 
 FORMER FATHER SUPERIORS AT THE 
 OLD FRANCISCAN MISSION 
 
 Prior to 1856 there were no Superiors, rroperly speaking The senior 
 of the two Fathers usually acted in emergencies. 
 
 Reverend Gonzalez Rubio 
 Reverend Jose M. Romo 
 Reverend Ferdinand Bergmeyer 
 Reverend Hugh Fessler 
 Reverend Bernardin Weis 
 Reverend Peter Wallischeck 
 Reverend Ludger Glauber 
 Reverend Theophilus Richardt 
 Reverend Novatus Benzing
 
 Iiitf-rior of llie <'orriii<jr
 
 FOUNDING OF SANTA BARBARA 
 
 Quoted from account of tlie expedition whicli Portola (Por- 
 lo-lah') conducted, August ITtli, 1770. . . . ••Proceeding along 
 the beach we arrived at a village of thirty-eight huts. The 
 savages were possessed of a number of canoes, and, as they 
 were .iust BUILDING anotlier, the soldiers called tlie place 
 CARPINTERIA (Car-pen-ter-e-ah). We broke camp at seven 
 in the morning and kept on traveling near the beach in a 
 westerly direction. . . . After marching four leagues, we 
 arrived at a large ranclieria, far larger than any we had yet 
 seen, situated on a good point of land which enters the sea. 
 With mucli difliculty we crossed a large estuary which ex- 
 tends inland for some distance. AVe forded it near a Rancho," 
 (in the South we would say, Plantation; in New England we 
 would say. Farm), "and tlien went into camp about two gun- 
 shots from the village. ... In the neighborhood of this 
 ranclieria is a spring of very good water, and near to the camp 
 we found a large lagoon. . . . The level land in this vicinity 
 is covered with many large evergreen oaks. The pueblo 
 (pu-ah'-blo) was named LA LAGUNA DE LA CONCEPCION. 
 We could make no observations on account of cloudy weather. 
 . . . We pitched our camp in a canada with running water 
 
 . . three leagues to the west ... a double estuary 
 entered the land, forming an island. . . . On this island 
 was a large town in which we counted a hundred huts." "This 
 camping place must have been SANTA BARBARA." 
 
 April 21st, 1782. "Towards evening the expedition came to 
 a spot which, tlie first explorers had named SAN JOAQUIN 
 DE LA LAGUNA, ten leagues to the northwest of San I'.uena- 
 ventuia. Here the PRESIDIO (pre-se-de'-o) of SANTA BAR- 
 BARA was FOUNDED." FATHER SERRA relates the event 
 as follows: '•On tlie feast of the patronage of St. .Joseph 
 . . . occurred the blessing and erection of the great Cross, 
 tlie blessing of the locality, the first holy Mass and sei-mon, 
 the founding of this I'residio of Santa Barbara on the land of 
 Yanonali. May God Bless It. Amen." 
 
 The next day the soldiers went to work erecting a chapel, 
 dwellings for the priest and officeis, l)an-acks for the soldiers, 
 houses for their families, and a wareliouse. 
 
 This "estero" (lagoon), probably covered the present "•eslero" 
 and leached up to the ijld I )e la (^lUcria (Janlens.
 
 FOUNDING OF CITY 
 
 FATHER JUNIPERO SERRA was born on Xovember 24th, 
 ITi::. ill tlu' villat;e of I'etia. in the Island of Mallorca, Spain. 
 Tlie name given liim at christening was Migiiel Jose. After 
 entering- tlie convent lie took the name of Junlpero on account 
 of the devotion he always expressed to .Junipero, the saintly 
 companion of St. Francis of Assisi. 
 
 '•Tlie name of JUNIPERO SERRA! "SVho was so entirely 
 absorbed in the advancement of the Church, that as soon as 
 temporary dwelling's were provided for the . . . soldiers, 
 work w-ould be commenced on the founding of the Mission, but 
 Neve felt that their position among unknown tribes would be 
 Insecure until the fortifications and buildings of the Presidio 
 had been at least partly completed; and, therefore, declined 
 to take any immediate steps toward the founding of the 
 Mission. The venerable Serra was greatly disappointed at the 
 decision, and shortly afterwards left Santa Barbara for the 
 Mission of San Carlos, which he had founded at Monterey. 
 He was nearly sevent.v years of age. yet he traveled all the 
 distance on foot, as was his custom. It was his last long 
 .lourney, and there on the 28th of August, 17S4, he died." 
 
 "The soldiers, in leathern waistcoats and leggins, were as- 
 sembled near the intersection of what is now Canon Perdido 
 and Santa Barbara streets. Father Junipero Serra clad 
 in stole and alb, stood in a hastily constructed chapel of 
 brush before a roughly hewn table, used as an altar. The 
 soldiers, under command of Governor Neve and Captain Ortega, 
 then formed in a square, and having laid aside their sliields 
 and- lances, knelt, with bared heads, while the reverend father 
 invoked the blessings of Heaven upon the congregation and 
 their undertakings. 'With these simple ceremonies was 
 FOUNDED the CITY of SANTA BARBARA." (Presidio means 
 military fort.) This Presidio was a thousand feet square, with 
 an adobe (pronounced (ah-do-bee) wall ten to twelve feet high, 
 with bastions at the corners, where canon were mounted. 
 From the centre rose the flag of Spain. The church was 
 liegun shortly after. 
 
 The site chosen for the PRESIDIO was the plot of land now 
 bounded by the streets Figuertia. Canon Perdido, Garden and 
 Anacapa. 
 
 In 1696 was formed the beginning of the Pious Fund in 
 California and Father Juan Maria Salvatierra and Father Kino
 
 FOUNDING 
 
 were empowered to found missions on tlie peninsula and "it 
 may be fairly stated that the missions were from first to 
 last founded and supported by private subscription." At the 
 first the founders paid only the annual income interest to the 
 Jesuit fathers. Later Father Salvatierra decided to invest the 
 capital in real estate or haciendas ("equivalent to our southern 
 plantations, except that the laborers were not slaves.") "At 
 each new mission the missionary had a soldier who acted as 
 g-uard and to a certain extent shared the authority of the cap- 
 tain of the presidio. The soldier's duty was to protect the mis- 
 sionary, to protect the mission, and quell disturbances among 
 the Indians whom the missionary was trying to convert." 
 
 Letter from General Neve to Father Junipero Serra, April 
 1st, 1784. "Informed by your communication of December ."itli 
 last about the advantages whicOi the site called MONTECITO 
 offers, and whicli is but a short distance from the I'residio of 
 Santa Barbara, for establishing a MISSION of the same name. 
 I consent that it be effected in such a way as not to offend 
 the gentile Indians. You will see that they are treated with 
 the greatest gentleness and sweetness lest this foundation 
 be repugnant to them." 
 
 At last, on April 1st, ITStJ, Father Sancho informed Fatlier 
 Lasuen "tliat by order of the Viceroy IMatias de Galvez lie had 
 sent six religious who had volunteered in (jrder to make 
 possible the founding of the Mission of Santa Barbaia. 'I must 
 remind you, however, that said Mission must be estal)lished on 
 a site most in accordance with the conditions which tlie 
 royal instructions prescrilje' . . . sufficient good land, water, 
 and timber in a populous Indian countr.y." "Right days later 
 Father Sancho wrote, 'For the founding of Mission Santa Bar- 
 baia it is necessary that all the missions willingly aid b\- 
 donating live stock and all kinds of seeds." " 
 
 "In tlie afternoon of December 4tli, ITSfi, on the feast nf Saint 
 Barbara, Virgin and ^Martxr, Faliier Lasuin raised and l)less<(l 
 tlie great cross which marked llif site of the tutuif .M i.s.simi." 
 Tlie spot was called EL PEDREGOSA liy the SPANIARDS; 
 and TAYNAYAN by tlie INDIANS, l">th word.s meaning "incky 
 heiglits." Tliere was a (lela\' in waitint; Idr the airival (if 
 Governor Fages; lie reached Santa llailiara on tlie ]|lh. On
 
 SAINT BARBARA 
 
 the 16th of December. 17S6, "Father I^asueii. in a brushwood 
 shelter, sang the High Mass. Tlie Mission was tluis formally 
 declared founded. But the 4tli has always been reported and 
 regarded as the day of founding. Father Antonio Paterna, 
 (from San Luis Obispo), and Father Cristobal Oramas, a new- 
 comer, were appointed the first missionaries." 
 
 Santa Barbara owes its name to the navigator, Sebastian 
 Vizcaino, who entered this channel in 1602, accompanied by 
 Carmelite Fathers, and according to the Catholic custom of 
 dedicating newly discovered places under the patronage of 
 some saint, and as this was the 4th day of December, the 
 feast day of Saint Barbara, the whole channel and shore were 
 named Santa Barbara. Although Vizcaino was not tlie first 
 discoverer of California, yet his voyage is impurtant on ac- 
 count of the MAPS and AUTHENTIC INFORMATION." 
 
 SAINT BARBARA. 
 
 SAINT BARBARA \\a.'; liorn in Nicomedia, a city of northern 
 A.sia Minur. 
 
 ITALIAN:— Santa Barliara. FR ENCH :— Sainte Barbe. 
 
 PATRON SAINT of ARMORERS and GUNSMITHS; of FIRE- 
 ARMS and FORTIFICATIONS. She is invoked against thunder 
 and liglitni!ig, and all accidents arising from explosions of gun- 
 powder. Patroness of Ferrara, Guastia, and Mantua. Died, 
 December 4th, A. D. 303. 
 
 "There was a certain man named Dioscorus, who dwelt in 
 Heliopolis; noble, and of great possessions; and he had an only 
 daughter, named Barbara, whom he loved exceedingly. Fear- 
 ful lest, from her singular beauty, she should be demanded 
 in marriage and taken from liim, he shut her up in a very 
 liigh tower, and kept her secluded from the eyes of men. 
 . . . He was violently opposed to the Christians. He sent 
 skillful architects to construct within the tower a bath- 
 chamber of wonderful splendor. One day St. Barbara de- 
 scended from her turret to view the progress of the work- 
 men; and seeing that they had constructed two windows, com- 
 manded them to insert a tliird. . . . When her father 
 returned, he said: 'Why hast thou done this thing?' and she 
 answered: — 'Know that through THREE windows doth the 
 soul receive light, — the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost; 
 
 I
 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 and the Three are One.' " . . . later, her father seeing no 
 hope of her heing led a%va\' from Christianity, "carried her to 
 a certain mountain near the city, drew his sword and cut off 
 her liead with liis own hands; but as he descended the moun- 
 tain, there came a fearful tempest, with thunder aral liglitning, 
 and fire fell upon this cruel father and consumed him utterly." 
 
 In the devotional pictures (quoted from "Sacred and Legend- 
 ary Art." liy Mrs. Jameson): — "St. Barbara bears the sword 
 and palm in common with other martyrs: but her peculiar 
 attribute is the tower, generally with three windows. Sain' 
 
 Barbara is the protectress against thunder and lightning, fire- 
 arms and gunpowder and sudden death." 
 
 1. The most beautiful of the single figures is (by) Palma 
 Vecchio placed over the altar of St. Barbara in the Church of 
 Santa ;\laria Formosa at Venice. She is standing in a majestic 
 attitude, looking upwards with inspired eyes. . . . She 
 wears a tunic of rich, warm brown, with a mantle of crim- 
 son; and a white veil is twisted in her diadem and among her 
 tresses of pale golden hail": the whole picture is one of glow, 
 of color, life and beauty. (This is the most celebrated of the 
 numerous portraits of Violante Palma). 
 
 As a patroness of flre-arms and against sudden death, the 
 effigy of St. Barbara is a frequent ornament on shields, armor 
 and particularly great guns and field-pieces. "I found her 
 whole history on a suit of armor which Emperor Maximilian 
 sent as a present to Henry VIII, in 1509, and which is now" 
 preserved in the Tower of London. "On the breastplate is St. 
 George as the patron of England, vanquishing the dragon; on 
 the backplate. St. Barbara standing majestic, with her tower, 
 her cup and her liook." 
 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 The Santa Barbara ^Mission today is the best preserved 
 of all the Califoinia Missions. It has been in constant use 
 for religious purposes from the time of its dedication until 
 the present day, and the light over the main altar has never 
 gone out — it has been constantly, steadily bui-iiing in guidance. 
 
 "The Mission structure is an old-woild wah'. It i.s a toiuh 
 of other times and other lands." 
 
 "In the middle of tliis ci-escent. directl.N' o[)p(isiti' the anchor-
 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 in>,' sruvind, lie the MISSION ami TOWN OF SANTA BAR- 
 BARA, on a low plain, hul liule above tlie level of tlie sea, 
 covered with srass, thouRli entirely without trees, and siir- 
 roundeti on three sides by an amphitheatre of mountains, whicli 
 slant off to the distance of fifteen or twenty miles. The MIS- 
 SION stands a little back of the town, and is a large building, 
 or rather collection of buildings, in the centre uf whicli is a 
 high tower, with a belfry of five liells. Tlie wliole. being plas- 
 tered, makes quite a show at a distance, and is the mark 
 by which vessels come to anchor. The town lies a little 
 nearer to the beach, — about half a mile from it, — and is com- 
 posed of one-story houses, built of sun-baked clay, or 'ADOBE,' 
 some of them whitewashed, with red tiles on the idofs. I 
 should .iudge that there were about two luindred of tliem; 
 and in the midst of them stands the PRESIDIO, or fort, built 
 of the same materials, and apparently but little stronger. The 
 town is finely situated, with a bay in front, and an amphi- 
 theatre of hills behind." (Quoted from Kicliard Heni\- Dana, 
 
 Possibly the first object to greet you at the Mission is the 
 FOUNTAIN, shaded by sw'aying pepper trees, which stands in 
 tiie open space in front of the Mission. This was erected in 
 180S and is still in working order. The fountain is built of 
 stone and cement, plain in appearance, octagonal in shape of 
 base, and is one of the best of the old Mission fountains. The 
 top is surmounted by a pomegranate, and beneath is the bowl 
 where gold fish and carp swim. This fine fountain has been 
 recently (1913) "restored," and — much to the regret of art 
 lovers — painted red. The lovely green moss and the dust of 
 the ages have disappeared. 
 
 Before you proceed, look to your riglit, as you face the 
 Mission; behind the fence is a stone head -piece, representing 
 a bear. Through its mouth issued water brought down from 
 the mountains: and in the trough below was washed the 
 clothes. It must have been a picturesque sight to watch the 
 Indian women as they gathered here. 
 
 "It is common to attribute to the missions the Moorish style 
 of architecture, but perhaps this is without good foundation. 
 The missionaries and pioneer Fathers, not lacking harmony 
 with the style of their epoch and having been reared close 
 to the Moorish castles in Spain, they may have unconsciously
 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 or purposely stamped these missions with some lasting seal 
 of their early impressions. . . . All these, however, were 
 placed without departing from the general lines of the style 
 of their epoch, which was that of the renaissance in a popular 
 form which we might term Franciscan." 
 
 The work of erecting the necessary buildings began in 1787. 
 Dwellings were built for the priests, followed by a house for 
 the Indians; a granary and a carpenter-shop; quarters for the 
 iinmai'ried women and girls. All structures were of adobe 
 and the walls thirty-flve to forty inches in thickness. As it 
 was intended the buildings should be permanent, the founda- 
 tions were all of stone, mortared, and the walls of the adobe 
 buildings were covered with cement, rendering them less sus- 
 ceptible to the weather. The lime came from deposits found 
 near by, was burned in kilns. Ilemains of some of these kilns 
 are now in Mission Cafion (Can -yon). The church and front 
 of the Mission house are covered with tiles manufactured in 
 the second year and made by the Indians. Previous to the 
 restoration both buildings were covered with shingles, used 
 probably on account of not being able to procure better mater- 
 ial. The roofs were made of heavy rafters of sycamore and 
 poplar; replaced later by pine. These were gathered with 
 great labor, brought by the Indians from the mountains l)eyond 
 the Santa Ynez River. These timbers were tied together with 
 rawliide strips, over which was spread a layer of soft clay and 
 then thatched with straw. Tiles were manufactured the fol- 
 lowing year. In the succeeding years other structui-es were 
 added; and converts, and industi'ies increased. 
 
 In 1807 an Indian village surrounded, or nearly so, southwest 
 of the main building, of 252 separate adobe Indian huts. 
 The front of the Mission, a fine facade, was completed in 1811, 
 as well as the Cloisters. In 1806, in order to obtain water 
 from the mountains, a dam was built, very strong and solid, 
 across Pedregosa creek, on tlie west fork, about two miles back 
 of the Mission toward the foothills. Another dam was built 
 about three miles from the Mission, on the east fork. You 
 may find this dam now, the old Indian Dam in Rattlesnake 
 Canon. A larger reservoir was used for storage water, and 
 from its south corner an aqueduct was laid to the church, 
 where it crossed the road, along a wall of masonry. You ma>- 
 see tlie remains of the old wall, uvav the residence of Mr. 
 
 <
 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 Adair. From tlie tannery (all traces disappeaietl) the main 
 braneli of the artery passed through a large orchard. Traces 
 of this artery are to be found in the rear of the residence-yard 
 of Mr. John Edwards, Junipero Plaza, wlm in building his 
 new liome, very carefully preserved tlie oM wall. As you pass 
 up along the Mountain Drive, you will see on your right a 
 small stone house: this was the settling tank, where the water 
 for drinking and domestic purposes was clarified. Prom this 
 building a cement pipe crossed on top of a wall of solid 
 masonry, over a beautiful arch spanning the road; this arch 
 was destroyed in ISSO. It ended in the fine old stone wall, 
 opposite the Oliver Drinking Fountain, where you will notice 
 the sun-dial set in the solid wall, with the ivy giving a touch 
 of the old world and the aloes suggesting sunny California, 
 or Spain. 
 
 The small chapel was enlarged in 17.SS, and by 1792 the con- 
 verts came in so rapidly tiiat the old structui'e was taken down 
 and a very large edifice was completed in 1793, size 12.5 by 25 
 feet. There were three small chapels on each side. But the 
 earthquake of 1812 damaged the building: it was taken down 
 and on its site rose the present church, dedicated in 1820, on 
 September 10th, having been five years in building. 
 
 The walls are six feet thick, consist of cubes of sand-stone. 
 The solid buttresses measure nine by nine feet. The church 
 is 165 feet long, 30 feet wide and 30 feet high (interior measure- 
 ments). The present stone steps and the tiles are the originals. 
 The height of the towers is 30 feet to the eaves of church; 
 solid masonry of stone and cement, 20 feet square. A narrow 
 passage leads through the left tower to the top, where the old 
 bells are interesting: and the view into the gardens and over 
 the city very lovely. The stairs are rather a hard climb, the 
 tread being high. "Doubtless the Santa Barbara Mission church 
 is the most solid structure of its kind in California." 
 
 The TOWER on the left has always been considered the 
 principal belfry, and at one time contained six BELLS, all 
 of which were of brass. Now, the two largest liells weigh 825 
 and 870 pounds. The first has a curious inscription, difflcult 
 to read, as is also that of the second bell. Being interpreted 
 to mean that they were made in the year of Our Lord 1818 
 by Manuel Vargas for the Mission of Santa Barbara, Upper 
 California. The bells are fastened by rawhide thongs to a
 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 beam, and to an old frame-work of iron. Both tliese bells are 
 only tolled. Higher up is a larger bell, more modern, discordant, 
 rung several times daily. 
 
 Quoted from "Ramona": 
 
 At the time of her marriage, Seriora Moreno's uncle was the 
 Superior of the Santa Barbara Mission. "Her name was a toast 
 from Monterey to San Diego. . . . Her wedding ceremonies 
 were the most splendid ever seen in the country. The right 
 tower of the Mission church at Santa Barbara had Just been 
 completed, and it was arranged that the consecration of this 
 tower should take place at the time of her wedding, and that 
 her wedding feast should be spread in the long outside corridor 
 of the ilission building. The whole country, far and near, 
 was bid. ... At that time tliere were long streets of In- 
 dian houses stretching eastward from the Mission. . . . The 
 Indians came in bands, singing songs and bringing gifts. . . . 
 strewing seeds, in token of welcome. . . . On the third da>-, 
 still in theii' bridal attire, the bride and bridegroom, bearing 
 lighted candles in their hands, walked with the monks in a 
 procession round and round the new tower, the monks chant- 
 ing and sprinkling holy water on its walls." 
 
 Within a shell-like recess in a pediment above the entrance is 
 a carved figure, painted stone, representing Saint Barbara. 
 Resting above the cornice at either end are stone statues, 
 which, with the third, which has been removed, represented 
 Faith, Hope and Charity. 
 
 Notice the regular and fine design, at the base of the pedi- 
 ment and running across the facade — tlie double design of the 
 "cross of good luck," the old Indian symbol of the "Swastika" 
 (Swa'-stee-kali ), whicli has lieen found in every civilized niid 
 uncivilized countr>- on the glolie. 
 
 Tlie one small round window in the left tower is to admit 
 light into the belfr.v. tliere being no stairway in the opposite 
 tower. The l)olts in the entrance doors are the originals; tlie 
 wood of the door.s — as well as the glass above — is modern. 
 
 MISSION HOUSE AND CLOISTERS 
 
 The Old .Mission as \\c know il today, t-niisists of the (Mnirc'li; 
 Monastery (jr lioiiie of the I'adies and Ikjusc for study and 
 work; the Cemetery and the two Gaidens. The I'adres (priests.
 
 INTERIOR 
 
 fathers, friars, as you choose), accomplish all the work of 
 the place and on several lands in the surrounding country. 
 The Old Mission is still of the Franciscan Order: many of the 
 p&dres now are Germans. The entire community, not includ- 
 ing- the College of St. Anthony back of the Mission, consists 
 of thirty members, fathei-s, clerics and lay-brothers. Father 
 Theodore Arentz being in charge. 
 
 The habit of the Franciscans was originally gray, and it Is 
 guay in all the ancient pictures. After the first two centuries 
 the color was changed to dark l)rown. It consists of a plain 
 tunic, reaching close to the ground, with long loose sleeves; 
 fastened round the waist with a knotted cord, of white: the 
 cord of St. Francis — representing symbolically a lialter or bridle 
 of a subdued beast, for such It pleased "St. Francis to con- 
 sider the body in subjection to the spirit." A cape, r.athor 
 scanty and round in shape, hangs over the shoulders, from 
 which is affixed a pointed hood. 
 
 The Franciscans usually wear sandals called in ItalN' "zoc- 
 colos." 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 The lil)rar>' contains a valual>Ie collettion of old volumes 
 brought from different missions, when they were abandoned. 
 There are some remarkably fine Spanish manuscripts, records 
 of the old missions. There is a valuable telescope given by 
 Einperor Maximillian to Father Romo. who was superior of 
 this Mission, 1S72 to 1S84. The same emperor gave a fine 
 set of surveyor's instruments, which are here. 
 
 THE ROOM OF CURIOS 
 
 In a large glass case are ihree hugh parchment volumes, 
 the principal offices as recited by the missionaries. These are 
 In good condition and ornamented profusely and richly. The 
 letters are very large, traced by hand, representing years of 
 labor. The maniple, stole, and burse belonging to FATHER 
 JUNIPERO SERRA is probably of first interest to many, in 
 tliis room. Then there are old statues, two very old vases 
 of Mexican clay; two old chandeliers made by the Indians. 
 One case contains something which should be of interest and of 
 exceeding value to all — several old volumes of ancient music
 
 INTERIOR 
 
 as suns: by the Indians. Observe that the notes are of differ- 
 ent colors; an idea originating with one of the padres, in order 
 to thus teach the Indians to sing. A writing-set belonging 
 to the first Bishop of California. 
 
 In the room adjoining is a very well preserved old Steinway 
 piano. A brass-bound solid walnut writing desk, once the 
 property of Bishop Garcia Diego. There are a number of In- 
 dian relics, water-jars, and so forth. Besides a curious wheel 
 hung with eight bells, said to have been rung on especial Holy 
 days, and many fine specimens of the Indian mortar and pestle 
 — majadero de mortero. 
 
 INTERIOR 
 
 The lengtli of the NAVE, exclusive of the Choir, is 138 feet; 
 the breadth, outside measurement, is 40 feet; inside measure- 
 ment, 30 feet. Of the four SIDE ALTARS, the two nearest 
 the entrance are in small oratories, built in tlie solid walls, 
 (which are here of double thickness.) 
 
 On entering the front door, you will probabl,\' notiie the I'eil- 
 ing al once. The wood carvings and designs are the original 
 INDIAN work, cut from cedar. They have recently been re- 
 stored and painted bright reds and greens and blues, to cor- 
 respond to the original colorings. Notice the repeated design 
 of the THORS THUNDER BIRD, the Winged Lightning. 
 
 The walls of the Cluuch liave also been recently re-painteil. 
 
 The Church has two CHAPELS, two side ALTARS, in addi- 
 tion to the High Allar. 
 
 THE HIGH ALTAR is in the Uoman style, 12 feel wide, 15 
 feet high, all in white with gold decorations, and flanked by 
 two beautiful statues of angels. This is the fourth MAIN 
 ALTAR to be used in this church. The present ALTAR is the 
 woik of one Brother, resident at the Mission. It was used 
 foi- the first time at the Early Mass last Christmas morning. 
 
 On tlie RIGHT side, as you enter the Church, is the group 
 representing Our Lady of Sorrows with liei- Divine Son. Be- 
 yond this is the CHAPEL dedicated to SAINT ANTHONY. 
 Over which, is a large painting, very old, representing Hell. 
 At the left of the entrance, this side of the confessional-l)o.x, 
 is a very fine statue— "ECCE HOMO" — carved in Italy from 
 one pit'ce of wood of I'avaria. Tlif rcnl is. of course, separate.
 
 INTERIOR 
 
 On tlir LEFT sidi-. is a CHAPEL .ItMlirated to SAINT FRAN- 
 CIS. Tlie large oil paintiiif;, also veiy old liuliau, represents 
 Purgatory. 
 
 The FLOORING is modern. IHl:.': liavini; been laid over the 
 original tile-briek pavement. 
 
 On the left hand side, is an ALTAR dedicated in lionor c f 
 Saint Joseph. Close to the railin.i;. on th<' same side, is tlie 
 STATUE of the SACRED HEART. 
 
 < ijiliosite, on the rii;lit siile. is the ALTAR dedicated in lujtKir 
 of OUR LADY of GUADALUPE. The oil painting above is 
 a copy of the original at Guadalupe, near the City of Mexico. 
 
 Beyond, close to the rail, is the little ALTAR of the BLESSED 
 VIRGIN MARY. 
 
 The Altar of Our l^ady of Guadalupe contains authentic relics 
 of the Boy Martyr, Saint Adeodat, who died for the faith in 
 one of the first centuries after Christ. The relics were brought 
 from Rome by the Right Iteverend Bishop Mora. 
 
 The fourteen STATIONS of the CROSS are very old oil paint- 
 ings, having been bi-ouglit from Spain in 1793. 
 
 The four large PAINTINGS hanging on the side walls were 
 bi-ought liei-e in ITn:;. The fiist on the RIGHT represents tlie 
 ASSUMPTION OF OUR LADY. Opposite, THE CRUCIFIXION. 
 The PAINTING iiisi.le ihe SANCTUARY RAIL, on the RIGHT, 
 represents OUR LADY of the SCAPULAR. On the LEFT, 
 THE LAST JUDGMENT, a copy of tlie original in the Escurial 
 Palace, Spain. 
 
 On the RIGHT of tlie HIGH ALTAR, is a painting of the 
 DESCENT FROM THE CROSS, a copy of Ruben's picture in 
 the Cathedral at Antwerii. ( )n the LEFT, a large painting of 
 the SAVIOUR. 
 
 Pacl< I t the HIGH ALTAR and above, is an old wooden 
 STATUE (if SAINT BARBARA. In niches on either side of 
 the MAIN ALTAR an — on the RIGHT, Saint Dominick. On 
 the LEFT, Saint FRANCIS. Back, on pedestals, are STATUES 
 rf the BLESSED VIRGIN and SAINT JOSEPH. On eitlier side 
 are PAINTINGS of SAINT ANN and SAINT JOACHIM. 
 
 SAINT FRANCIS:— The s..n of a licli merchant of Assisi. 
 He was christened Giovanni (A. D. llSiM. but his father, intend- 
 ing the son for his chief agent, had the boy taught French; 
 "this, fcir the times and tlie locality, was a rare accomplish-
 
 INTERIOR 
 
 ment. And liis c'ompaninns called him Francesco — 'the French- 
 man'." 
 
 As a young- man he enjoyed life to the full. Becoming very 
 111 unto death he thought over his various sins and on his 
 I'ecoveiy lie dedicated himself to I'eli.gion. at the age of twenty- 
 tive. 
 
 The story of his deeds of kindness are manj-. He was cele- 
 brated, venerated and canonized. He instituted the Oi'der of 
 St. Francis — the Fianciscans. The lialiit is gray or dark 
 brown, girded witli a woolen coi-d. This order is one of 
 the si.\ gTeat :\l«ndicant Orders -the FRANCISCANS, the 
 DOMINICANS, the CARMELITES, th.' CAPUCHINS, the AUG- 
 USTINIANS, and tlie SERVITES. 
 
 Two years after llie death of FRANCIS OF ASSISI, (U'2S), 
 he was canonized b\- Pope Gregory IX and in the same year 
 there was commenced a magnificent tomli and cluirch in Assisi — 
 where his remains now lie. 
 
 Of all the hundreds of paintings and sculiitures representing 
 the life of St. Francis, one of the liest is the exi|iiisite pulpit 
 in the Church of Santa Croce in Florence. 
 
 SAINT DOMINIC(K):— In the year U'lr,. Dnniinick, the Span- 
 iai'd, and Francis of Assisi met ;it lionie. .\nd l)efore the end 
 of the century their followers liad spread into tliousands and 
 tens of thousands, all over Christian Europe. 
 
 Dominick was born in llild at Cdlaruga in tlie kingdom of 
 Castile, and of nolile liirtli. His mother di-eamed l>efore he 
 was boi'n of a dog with a flaming torcli in its mouth. At 
 his christening, his godmother saw a wonderful stai- desr'end 
 from Heaven and settle upon his lirow. l)(iniinick founded a 
 religious Order, named after him. .\nd in li'ii? he is said to 
 have piopagated the devotion ,<f THE ROSARY. A chaplet 
 of beads bad been used by the Kgyptians; l>ut l)ominick is said 
 to have invented a novel arrangement of tlie lieads .hkI dedi-- 
 oated it to the Blessed N'irgin. A cnmplete Uosary consists of 
 fifteen large and one hundred and fifty small beads: the former 
 representing the Pater-nosters and the latter the Ave-Marlas. 
 
 Dominick lies buried in Bologna: bis followers of the Dom- 
 inican Order being even then wide-spread, lie is usually rep- 
 resented in a white tunic, white scapular,\-. and lun- 1 lack 
 <-loak witli a liood. Attributes: — a lil\- and a l.o.iU. .\ star 
 on, (ii- aliovi'. liis forehead: usuall.v with a dog witli ,i lla:ning 
 lorcli in liis mouth.
 
 INTERIOR 
 
 SAINT JOACHIM AND SAINT ANNA;— Tile Parents cf the 
 VIRGIN MARY. "Tliere was a man of Xazaretli whos.^ name 
 was Joachim, ami lie had for his wife a woman of 3ethleheni, 
 whose name was Anna, an<l tliey hoth were of tlie royal liouse 
 of David. . . . Tlieir daus:liter was called by tlio name of 
 Mary, which in Hebrew is Miriam." 
 
 The Franciscans were from tlie first enthusiastic defenders 
 cf the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary; 
 which, since 1S54, is a dogma of Catholic Faith. 
 
 <:)n tlie right hand side is a MEMORIAL TABLET to the 
 FIRST BISHOP of CALIFORNIA, who died in ]s4H; and be- 
 neath it to the right of the HIGH ALTAR is the TOMB where 
 lies buried the Right Reveiend Francisco Garcia Diego y 
 Moreno. 
 
 In front of the Sanctuary rail is a TABLET, and beneath 
 the nave lies buried Governor Figueroa; Governor Don Jose 
 de la Guerra y Noriega, born in Norales, Province of Santader, 
 Spain, 1779; of ancient family dating back to the Moors. And 
 his son, Don Pablo de la Guerra y Noriega. The remains of 
 six of the early Missionaries and three of later date are buried 
 in the same Crypt beneath the floor of the Sanctuary. 
 
 To the left of the SANCTUARY is the CHOIR, wliere the 
 Fathers and clerics chant the Divine Offices. 
 
 Over the entrance door is the ORGAN. The Father in charge 
 of the choir is a trained musician and the choir of men and 
 boys from St. Anthony's College present some very fine music. 
 
 The CHRISTMAS early MASS, (1913), seemed unusually beau- 
 tiful. Pos.silily it was the "setting," I do not know. But, 
 approaching the Mission, walking under the long avenue of 
 gently waving pepper trees, at a trifle liefore five of a winter's 
 morning, brisk, cool; the moon swinging high in the sky, and 
 attended plentifully by the "for-get-me-nots of the angels," 
 all ablaze and atwinkle in the clear blue of early dawn. The 
 stolid, white facade of the Old Mission, broken in color only 
 by a round of light, yellow light, over the entrance. The foun- 
 tain playing easily: shadow-people tying horses, or getting 
 cut of carriages or dismounting from sleepy horses; flowers, — 
 flowers everywhere. The background of eternal hills, grim, 
 dark, .lust touched here and there on the heights with the com- 
 ing light of day.
 
 SURROUNDING 
 
 And afterwards. After the service; the lights, tlie incense, 
 the crowded people, the low chants: and the blaze of altar 
 lights; then to come out into the cool of the risen day, for- 
 getful for the instant of all but the crowded church and stifling 
 air — suddenly awakened to a new day, face to face, to look 
 out over the sleeping city below at the rosy, glimmering sea, 
 all lovely with molten opals; to greet the risen sun, bold old 
 fellow, driving away the pretty fading stars, while they are 
 shrinking, but still loyal to the round old moon lijigering up 
 there, a trifle pale, yet staunch as ever. Oh, it was the glorious 
 dawn of a new year, dating from Oliristmas. 
 " At my feet the city slumbered. From its chimneys here and there 
 Wreaths of snow-white smoke ascending, vanished, ghost-like, into air." 
 Another Christmas and another year. 
 
 SURROUNDING 
 
 Entering through the huge door, wliich your padre (pah- 
 dray) who is guiding you will open for you, leading from the 
 Church, you enter the CEMETERY, entirely enclosed within 
 a high solid wall, sluitting out the streets and the neighbors. 
 A small place, with many lovely trees and shrubs in full flower, 
 and some of the largest calla lilies ever grown. Neai-ly 4000 
 Indians are buried here. On a number of tombs and head- 
 stones you read names of old time settlers in Santa Barbara, 
 "prominent wliite people." This cemeter.v is now used only 
 for the interment of some member of the Franciscan com- 
 munity, in a vaulted chamber. The last Spanish priest to be 
 laid here was Father Jose Godiol, 1902; he was the first novice 
 of the Franciscan Order on the Pacific Coast. 
 
 This year (1913) Brother Hugoline was laid away in here. 
 He had been the guide since 1884. Surmounting the high 
 stone wall is a small cross. 
 
 "In tlie wall, separating tlie cemeterx- from the Mission 
 road, was a gateway surmounted by a small stone cross. 
 This entrance was closed with masonry many years ago, al- 
 though the cross indicates where it was located. At a short 
 distance (from the stone cross) stands a living monument 
 to kind-hearted Father O'Keefe, one of tlie most best beloved 
 of the Mission padres. In yeai'S gone hy he had observed 
 some Indian wom.en coming regularl.y to that spot and wash-
 
 CEMETERY 
 
 iiiK their i-lotlies in the water from tlie acquetliu't. To pro- 
 tect them from tlie heat of the sun lie planted four sycarnores, 
 two of whic-h died. The Indians have long since disappeared, 
 yet two tall sycamores remain, and in their grateful shade 
 many a weary person has sat and rested on the seat which 
 reaches from trunk to trunk." These two trees have been 
 painted innumerable times by the artists visiting- Santa Bar- 
 bara, and photographed l.).v almost every guest within <i\ir cit\-. 
 
 Notice, in the Cemetery, the beautiful trees beaiiiiK Iiuk'* 
 white bells, ringing out their sweet-scented message in the 
 breeze; this is tlie Datura, or, more prettily called, "Angel's 
 Trumpets," or "Mission Bells," also "Scent of the Night." 
 
 The l)eautiful weeping-willow tree, near the centre of the 
 Cemetery, was planted here in 1S33, and is from the parent 
 tree over the grave of Lafayette, in the Paris Cemetery of 
 Picpus, within the grounds of the Convent Church of the Nuns 
 of the Sacre-Coeur. 
 
 Buried in the vault used only for the remains of the Padres, 
 lies "Father Salvierderra," of "Uamona" fame. 
 
 Among the flowers and shrubs, notice the "Bird of Paradise"; 
 and tlie "Job's Tears", bearing a curious berry, of green or 
 gray, which is used for stringing into rosaries. 
 
 And amid carefully clipped cypress trees there stands a very 
 fine CRUCIFIXION. 
 
 Into the SACRED GARDEN, if you are a woman, you may 
 not enter. That is, you and I cannot enter. But the wife 
 of the President of the United States, or the Queens of other 
 countries may walk all about, accompanied b.v one other lady. 
 Nearly two hundred different varieties of flowers are carefully 
 cultivated in this cliarming garden, centered al)out a foun- 
 tain. 
 
 "And so within the Garden Wall 
 The little world goes on, 
 
 Through building and through nesting time, 
 With buzz and hum and song. 
 
 Nor need you search for magic 
 At the rainbow's shining end. 
 Nor pray that tinkling fairy charms 
 Their mystic- help may lend. 
 
 .Just -watch tlie busy garden life 
 Behind the old gray wall, 
 And, if tliere's hoping in your eyes, 
 The veil will from them fall."
 
 HISTORICAL NOTES 
 
 111 the oUI days the Alissicin liad fann houses and cattle 
 laiuhcs in the surrounding- country. AH the ranches east of 
 the Santa Ynez River, from San Marcos to the Rincon, near 
 Carplnteria, belonged to the Mission. Tliere were the ranehos 
 of Tefolote, San Miguel, Canada de las Aemas, and San Mar- 
 cos, where stock was herded. For wheat, barley, corn, lentils, 
 garbanzo (peas), frijoles (beans), there were the ranches of 
 Dos Pueblos, San Jose, Aba.io, San Juan Bautista and Sauzal. 
 Sauzal is now part of the Hope Ranch. You must rememljer 
 that tlie Indians raised absolutely nothing, fed on anytliing 
 that would sustain life. Agriculture even among tlie wliite 
 people of the missions was in its infancy. Work was peiformed 
 in a crude way, for implements were rude or lacking. Tlie 
 missionaries clianged all tliis. The advance of the Indians 
 under tlie instruction of tlie padres was remarkable. Tlie 
 annual average of wheat, from 1787 to 1834 was 3617 bushels 
 per year. Barle\- an average of 060 lousliels per year. Corn, 
 grapes and other fruits, vegetables and cereals were raised, 
 superintended entirely by tlie padres. At first most of the grain 
 was raised in the fertile valleys between the Arroyo Pedregosa 
 and the Arroyo del Burro. The low bottom lands were used 
 for grain and the foothills for stock and sheep. Several ranch- 
 erias were established wliere the Indians could live comfort- 
 ably. On tlie west bank of tlie little creek near the Hope 
 Ranch ma.v still be seen ruins of adobe buildings used by the 
 Mission. Sheep, horses, mules, goats and hogs were raised 
 for meat and utility. Various industries were introduced, as 
 tlie need for them arose. Carpenters, blacksmitlis, masons, 
 brickmakers, tilemakers, shoemakers, saddlers, tanners, weav- 
 eis and soapmakers were trained, wliile the young girls learned 
 to skillfull.v make clothes, spin yarn, weave cloth, until the 
 Mission must have been a bus.\' place indeed. Religion and 
 industry went hand in hand: and that the pleasures of the 
 simple Indians might not be overlooked, after the day's work 
 was finished tliere would be music and singing, even dancing 
 and play; for musical instruments were found in all the mis- 
 sions; flutes, clai'inets, trumpets, drums, violins, triangles and 
 many Indian instruments. Tlie songs of the Indians would 
 indeed be most interesting today. At the close of the yeai' 
 of 1803 there was a population at the Mission of 833 male and
 
 HISTORICAL 
 
 S59 female Indians, l)esi<lfs tlie snhiiers ami iiadres. 
 
 In ISS.') besan the SECULARIZATION ..f the MISSIONS; as 
 the Indians were not ready, the Fiancistans opposed it, and 
 rightly so. Mission property was squandered, the Indians set 
 adrift, the missionaries were scattered far and wide, often 
 enduring the utmost privation. Tlie story of Lower California 
 where ^laria de Los Angeles was the last mission to be planted 
 by the .Jesuit Fathers, was repeated. The royal edict went 
 forth, the Jesuits were prisoners in their own missions. The 
 .Jesuits were expelled from New Spain and the missions were 
 placed in the hands of the Franciscan missionaries. Then 
 
 came the dreary days of secularization and woeful days for 
 the Franciscans, and all these beautiful missions became the 
 property of greedy Californians. The United States restored 
 the remnants to the Church. "The annals of the Catholic 
 Church in California are full of faithful service." The greed 
 for gold in 1S49 caused a mighty emigration westward and 
 new blood came into the state. Gold not being picked up 
 easily by everyone, many seekers, finding a delightful climate, 
 sought a livelihood here. Acres were put into cultivation; the 
 fertile valleys and herding places were quickly taken. Lawful 
 ownership was a question in the open courts; in the many 
 trials and vexations heav.v indebtedness fell upon many prop- 
 erties. In order to rebuild the missions, it was necessary to 
 have money as well as religious interest. New churches, new 
 schools sprang up, towns grew and rancherias became cities. 
 I^ittle time was left for the rebuilding of ruined missions. The 
 Mission of Santa Barbara suffered less than any other, for 
 while it lost most of its secular possessions, and many of its 
 buildings were in ruins, yet the Church and Cloisters are well 
 preserved. One reason for this is that the padres were natives 
 of Spain, save two. and they never abandoned the Mission; 
 whereas at other mi.«sinns the padres died and had no sub- 
 stitutes. 
 
 In 1840 a new DIOCESE was created in Alta (Upper) Cali- 
 fornia and Father Fianilsco Garcia Uiego y ^loreno was 
 appointed BISHOP. He chose Santa Barbara as his see, and 
 made his home at the Mission. In 1S4.5 a proclamation was 
 made for the sale of nine of the missions; others, including 
 Santa Barbara, were leased for a term of years, with the ex- 
 ception of the Church and Cloister and IMission House.
 
 LIST OF CALIFORNIA MISSIONS OF IMPORTANCE 
 
 1. San Diego, July 16, 1769 
 
 2. San Carlos, June 3, 1770 
 
 3. San Antonio, July 14, 1771 
 
 4. San Gabriel, September S, 1771 
 
 5. San Luis Obispo, September 1, 1772 
 
 6. San Francisco, October 8, 1776 
 
 7. San Juan Capistrano, November 1, 17. "6 
 S. Santa Clara, January 12, 1777 
 
 9. San Buenaventui'a, March "1, J7'^2 
 
 10. SANTA BARBARA, DECEMBER 4, 1736 
 
 11. La Purisima Concepcion, L>e<ember S, 17S7 
 
 12. Santa Cruz, August 2S, 1791 
 
 13. La Soledad, October 9, 1791 
 
 14. San Jose, June 11, 1797 
 
 15. San Juan Bautista, June 21, 1TJ7 
 
 16. San Miguel, July 25, 1797 
 
 17. San Fernando, September 8, 1797 
 
 18. San Luis Rey, June 13, 1798 
 
 19. Santa Ynez, September 17, 1804 
 
 20. San Rafael, December 14, 1817 
 
 21. San Francisco, Solano, July 4, 1823 
 
 It is of especial significance that twenty-one missions were 
 
 built and three of them lie in Santa Bai'bara County — Santa 
 Barbara, Santa Ynez and La Purisima ("oncepcion. 
 
 HOURS OF SERVICE 
 
 Order of services at the Santa Barbara Mission, founded 
 December 4, 1786; Sundays and Holy Days of Obligation; 
 Holy masses at 5:15, 6, 7, 8 and 9:30 a. m. Sermon at the 6, 8 
 and 9:30 masses. The last Holy mass is always a liigh mass. 
 At :! p. m. : Vespers or Compline, followed by benediction, 
 with tlie Blessed Sacrament. On week days: Holy masses 
 at 5:15, 5:30 and 6 a. m.; on Tuesdays and the first Friday of 
 every month also at 7:45 a. m. Every Friday afternoon at 5:30, 
 litanx' and benediction, witli the Blessed Sacrament. 
 
 HOURS FOR VISITORS 
 
 It is re(iueste(l tlial VISITORS whc. wish tn lie slmwii about 
 the Old Mission will RING tli.- BELL at the Mission House—
 
 ITEMS 
 
 steps to the right of the old iron i'A (^iinino Ueal Hell — and 
 ask for a Guide. One of the pftdres is al\va.\s willing- to con- 
 duct guests; between the hours of: — 
 
 S to 11:30 in the morning:, and 1 to .". in the afU'iinxin. 
 
 Xo charge is made. But the visitor will surel.\- dept)Kit a 
 small g-ift toward the restoration fund of the beautiful Old 
 Mission — especially after he has traveled thousands of miles 
 to enjoy the hospitality of this splendidly preserved cliurch 
 of the "old world." Also, to compensate the guide, who can 
 do nothing else but attt-iul to vi.'^itors. 
 
 FEATURES TO BE NOTED 
 
 Present Chtirch commenced in 181.") 
 
 "Walls are G feet tliick. of cubes of sandstone 
 
 Buttresses measure 9 by 9 feet 
 
 Present stone steps are the original tiles of the Indian days 
 
 In the Tower to the left, are the original bells 
 
 Dedication of the Tower, — to the left 
 
 One rovmd window in tlie left Tower 
 
 Notice design on the P^acade: the double Swastika 
 
 The fine Clcisteis 
 
 The Library 
 
 The Uoom of Curios 
 
 The Vaulting: Ceiling: in the Interior of the Clun-cli. Notice 
 
 the vivid colors, recently restored, especially on the old 
 
 hand-carved figures of the Indian Thors Thunder Bird 
 Floors of the Chapel; modern; laid in 1912 over the orig:inal 
 
 pavement of Indian days 
 The Chapels 
 The Paintings 
 The High Altar 
 The Cemetery 
 
 Sycamore Trees: without the walls 
 Willow Tree, near side of nortli entrance 
 Old Roof Tiles 
 Skull and Cross-bones over outer door leading to Cemetery — 
 
 from the Church 
 Statues and Paintings — exterior and interior 
 Goldflsli and Carp in Central Fountain Basin
 
 ITEMS 
 
 As we go to press, arrangements are being made for parking 
 the space in front of, and owned by, the Mission. And erect- 
 ing to the memory of Father .Junipero Serra, a huge boulder 
 suimounted by a large Cross. 
 
 MEASUREMENTS 
 EXTERIOR 
 
 Towers are 30 feet high to the eaves; 20 feet square; 
 
 solid masonry of stone and concrete 
 
 Buttresses measure 9x9 feet 
 INTERIOR 
 
 Church is 165 feet by 30 feet wide and 30 feet high 
 
 Exclusive of CHOIR, it is 13S feet long. 
 
 INFORMATION 
 
 There are at present in the Mission Six Padres, Eighteen 
 Lay-Brothers, and Six Novices. 
 
 There are Two Chapels — St. Francis, to tlie left ; and St. 
 Anthony, to the riglit as you enter the church. 
 
 The High, or Main, ALTAR is built in the Roman style, and 
 is twelve feet wide, fifteen feet liigh, all of white with gold 
 decorations, and flanked on eitlier side by the statues of two 
 beautiful angels. 
 
 Date of the last burial in the Cemetery, January 5, 1913. 
 
 The last three visits of especial distinction to the secular 
 woi-ld was tlie visit of President McKinley, I\Iay 10, 1901; of 
 Pi-esident Roosevelt, May 9, 1903. Both these eminent gentle- 
 men were photographed at tlie Mission, .lust outside the door 
 leading from the church into the Cemetery — with the cele- 
 brated background of the door over wliich is carved tlie Cross- 
 l)ones. And on September 30, 191:',, tlie visit of Don .Tuan Riano 
 y Oayangos, eminent diplomat and minister of Spain to the 
 T'nited States. 
 
 'I'lie hist Padre to l)e biiricil in tlie Cemetery was Reverend 
 Placidus Krekeler, 1911. 
 
 In Alta California tliere is a cliain of roads ciinnerting inis- 
 sinn witli mission. Little more tlian a trail in tlie old daxs, 
 linking <jne mission with anotlier. Indicated, was this well- 
 trodden path, by iion bells, each licaring its sign-board, in-
 
 EL CAMINO REAL 
 
 forming tlie weary plutUii^r, be he pS-dre or c-itizen. of the 
 distance to the next mission and tlie distance from liis last 
 resting- place. 
 
 Extending from mission to mission was one well-traveled 
 highway known as EL CAMINO REAL, "King's" or "Hoyal" 
 Highway, wliich ronnected at San Diego with the sys- 
 tem of mission liighways of Baja California, known as tlie 
 Gulfo Camino, Sierra Camino, and Pacific Camlno. All of 
 the highways were constructed by the pS,dres as a means of 
 communication between the missions, and over them a mounted 
 mail carrier bore the despatches from the City of Mexico. 
 The Camino Real was the road over which Father Junipero 
 traveled wnen he visited the missions which he had estab- 
 lished in Alta California: and (is now the) principal highway 
 along the coast. ... It was never a paved liighway like 
 some of the Caminos Reales of Mexico. It is little more than 
 a broad trail: . . . yet it is of greater liistoric interest 
 than any other road in California. 
 
 Copy of inscription on the sign-board of the El Camino Real 
 Bell, at the Santa Barbara Mission: 
 
 EL CAMINO REAL 
 
 ^fission Santa Barbara Founded Dec. 4th, 17S6 
 
 Mission ' Mission 
 
 Santa Ynez San Buenaventura 
 
 47 Miles X.W. i 30 :\Iiles S.W. 
 
 Below is the inscription: 
 
 Erected April Idth. 1910 
 by 
 Santa Barbara Woman's Club 
 On the Bell itself is inscribed: 
 
 1789 and 1909 
 El Camino Real 
 
 "As year after year he journeyed up and down tlie country, 
 seeing, at mission after mission, the buildings crumbling into 
 ruin, the lands all taken, sold, resold, and settled by specu- 
 lators; the Indian converts disappearing, driven back to their 
 original wildernesses, the last traces of the noble work of the 
 Order being rapidly swept away . . . (This padre) was of
 
 ST. ANTHONYS COLLEGE 
 
 the same type as Francis of Assisi. To wear a shoe in place 
 of a sandal, to take money in a purse for a journey, above all 
 to lay aside the gown and cowl for any sort of secular gar- 
 ment, seemed to him wicked." — From "Ramona." 
 
 "When the first glow of dawn came in the sky, the eastern 
 window was lit up as by a fire. The (Padre, a guest in the 
 home), was alwaj-s on watch for it. . . . As the first ray 
 reached the window, he would throw the casement wide open, 
 and standing there with bared head, strike up the melody 
 of tiTe sunrise hymn sung in all devout Me.xican families. It 
 \\a.s a lieautiful custom, not yet wholly abandoned. At the 
 first dawn of light, the oldest member of the family arose, 
 and began singing some hymn familiar to the household. It 
 was the duty of each person hearing it to immediately rise 
 . . . and .ioin in the singing. In a few moments ihe whole 
 family would be singing, and the .ioyous sounds pouring out 
 from tlie liouse like the music of birds In the fields at dawn. 
 The hymns were usually invocations to the Virgin, or to the 
 saint of the day, and the melodies were sweet and simple. 
 . . . The Indians thought the sun was coming up apace, 
 and the earth was standing still, — a belief just as grand, 
 just as thrilling, as the other: men worshipped the sun long 
 before they found out tliat it stood still. Not the most rev- 
 erent astronomer, with the mathematics of the heavens at 
 his tongue's end, could have had more delight in the won- 
 drous phenomenon of tlie dawn, than did the (simple minded 
 Indian)." — Ramona. 
 
 You say that it is a foolish little prayer, to pray to "have 
 torn lace made whole. But it would be hard to show the odds 
 between asking that, and asking that it may rain, or that 
 the sick may be made well. As the grand old Russian says, 
 what men usually ask for, when they pray to God, is that 
 two and two may not make four. All tlie same he is to be 
 pitied who prays not." 
 
 ST. ANTHONY'S COLLEGE 
 
 Saint Francis founded the (Jriier of Fiiars .Minor, known in 
 later centuries as the Order of St. Francis. "St. Antliony's 
 College is an institution conducted by the Franci.scan Fathers, 
 having as its object the training of ("'al;liolit- young men desirous
 
 ST. ANTHONYS COLLEGE 
 
 of entering the Drder of Kriars jMiiioi-. Heiu-e oiil\' such students 
 will lie iulmitted as show the iiecessaiy qualifications for l)ecom- 
 iiiK. in due time, worthy priests and followers of St. P^rancis. 
 The api)licant must have made his First Holy Communion; be 
 of an ag-e between ten and sixteen years, and have had a 
 thorough common school education." 
 
 This College is situated Just beyond, to tlie westward, of the 
 Old Mission. The College was founded in 1S96: a portion of 
 the Old Mission was used for College purposes at first. In 1899 
 was laid the corner stone of the present building; Fathei- Peter 
 Wallischeck, the rector. 
 
 The Superior in charge is Father Linus Koenemund, O.F.M. 
 The attending physician is Doctor Stoddard. There are eight 
 professors, and an average yearly attendance of fifty-five stu- 
 dents. The young men remain for a five years classical course, 
 and when graduated are prepared for entrance into the Fran- 
 ciscan Order. 
 
 uIniiUgi|t in ^attta iBarbara 
 
 The golden slieen of sunset fills 
 Canyon, and valley, and the bay; 
 And glints on peak and distant hills 
 That vanish, leagues and leagues away. 
 
 Down in the wee snug valley sleep 
 The nestled houses— drenched withhaze; 
 And out by pier and ocean, weep 
 The sobbing waves of long past days. 
 
 A dream town; and of seas and deeps; 
 And where the Mission waits in tryst, 
 A wealth of years in silence sleeps 
 'Mid lovely hills of amethyst.
 
 " Hoir all iliinijK (jloiv irilh life and lliniKjliI , 
 \\hne'<r Ihe J'aUiiful fulhei-fi trail."
 
 '■Chief Big Bear'''
 
 ■'Like Sentind and Monk, they keep their vigil O'er the qreen; 
 One seems to guard, and one to ueep the dead that lie tjeliueen.
 
 rr 
 
 
 
 "Brilliant morning shines on the old city. Its an- 
 tiquities and ruins are surpassingly beautiful, with the 
 ivy gleaming in the sun and the trees waving in the 
 balmy air. Changes of glorious light from moving 
 boughs, songs of birds, scents from gardens, woods and 
 fields, or rather from the one great garden of the culti- 
 vated land in its yielding time, penetrate into the 
 (Mission), subdue its earthy odor, and preach the 
 Resurrection and the Life." — /liclen.-i.
 
 " 1 hf-nril a li'^art of Iran hfatlng in tlu liclfnj 'J'airer.
 
 EL CAMINO REAL 
 
 Mission Santa Barbara Founded December 4th, 1786 
 
 Mission 
 Santa Ynez 
 
 47 Miles N. W. 
 
 Mission 
 
 San Buenaventura 
 
 30 Miles S. W.
 
 :'Jt 
 
 
 r . 
 
 ''■-Alj 
 
 
 
 The Old FUlfr House.
 
 ''On the Day of I'ltlni . in the land of oranfje Mosxoinx, 
 Of ol'ire, aloe, and maize and vine.'"
 
 still iwliUs the Toiiur and l/leuilx the liill: 
 Still are they tcatching o'er the toirn . . . .
 
 "The Missions 
 
 and 
 
 Missionaries 
 
 of California" 
 
 By FR. ZEPHYRIN ENGELHARDT, O. F. M. 
 
 Vol. I, 650 pages. $2.75 
 Vol. II, 728 pages, $3.00 
 Vol. Ill, 683 pages, $3.00 
 
 With many illustrations, autographs and facsimiles 
 
 These books describe the Crime of the Nineteenth Century 
 in California, or the Confiscation of the Indian Missions. 
 For sale by booksellers everywhere. 
 
 "The Missions and Missionaries, is without a peer in the 
 field, and a great credit to California. I highly recommend 
 it."— Dr. H. E. Bolton. Professor of American History, Uni- 
 versity of California.
 
 Ten of the Best California Books 
 
 OUT OF THE MANY ON OUR SHELVES 
 
 "The Old Spanish Missions of Father Serra" by Paul Elder | 3.50 
 
 '"The Story of California from the Earliest Days to the 
 
 Presem" by H. K. Norton 1.50 
 
 "Under the Sky in California'* by C. F. Saunders 2 00 
 
 "The Yosemite" by John Muir 2.40 
 
 "Field Days in California" by Bradford Torrey 1.50 
 
 "In and Out of the Old Fvlissions ' by Geo. Wharton James 3.00 
 
 "California the Beautiful " by Wes'.ern Artists and Author; 2.50 
 
 "Birds of California" by Wheelock 2.50 
 
 "Western Bird Guide" by Reed, Harvey & Brasher, Pocket Edition 1.00 
 
 "The Channel Islands" by C. F. Holder 2.00 
 
 OSBORNE'S BOOK STORE 
 
 923-925 State Street 
 
 Both Telephones 495
 
 Gentle Ponies or Experienced Guide 
 
 Small Horses for Mountain 
 
 for Children Camping Parties 
 
 F. J. VANDEVER 
 
 Riding Instructor 
 
 422 East Micheltorena Street 
 
 Home Telephone 153 
 
 Native, well-trained Horses Western and English style of 
 
 for Mountain Trail-riding Riding perfectly taught 
 
 Horses rented by day, week or month at reasonable rates
 
 THE TENT CITY 
 
 Santa Cruz Island 
 
 THE OTTER" 
 
 CAPTAIN VASQUEZ 
 
 At the beautiful Friar's Harbor ( Frye's Harbor). 
 With tents to sleep in; with board floors; beds and 
 bedding of the best and the cleanest. Amid ven- 
 erable oaks, beside a running brook, on the sea- 
 shore. Table supplied with the best of material, 
 always well cooked. 
 
 Rates $2.50 a day. The round trip made in 2^ l> 
 hours, each way; on a strong, fast boat, captained 
 by one of the best sailors on the Pacific Coast, 
 Captain Vasquez, "keen of eye, always one ahead 
 of the next thing that COULD happen." 
 
 The "OTTER" may be chartered for moonlight 
 excursions, or for fishing parties, or for cruising 
 amid the lovely Channel Islands. 
 
 Information at 730 State Street, Home Telephone 51
 
 THE MORNING 
 PRESS 
 
 West Ortega Street 
 
 Santa Barbara's Leading Daily 
 
 Largest Circulation 
 
 Complete Associated Press Reports
 
 state Normal School 
 
 . . . OF . . . 
 Manual Arts and Home Economics 
 
 on 
 Mission Ridge Road 
 
 Offers Professional Training for both 
 Men and Women 
 
 INDUSTRIAL and MANUAL ARTS 
 
 Joinery, Turning, Forging, Concrete, Building 
 
 APPLIED ARTS and DESIGN 
 
 Metal-work, Book-binding, Tooled-leather, 
 
 Wood-carving, Printing, Pottery 
 
 HOME ECONOMICS. DOMESTIC SCIENCE, DOMESTIC 
 
 ARTS. INSTITUTIONAL MANAGEMENT and DIETETICS 
 
 for Trained Nurses 
 
 MISS EDNAH A. RICH, President
 
 Ihe DAILY NEWS 
 
 STORKE & PETTERSON, 
 Publishers 
 
 Santa Barbara's 
 Home Paper 
 
 BEST 
 
 1 ELEGRAPH SERVICE 
 LOCAL NEWS GATHERERS 
 
 No Obnoxious 
 
 RATES: 
 
 Patent 
 
 50c. the Month 
 
 Medicine 
 
 $2.50 six months (in advance) 
 
 Advertising 
 
 $5.00 the year (in advance)
 
 Home Telephone 53 Pacific Telephone 30-R 
 
 GEORGE W. TOMLINSON 
 
 714 STATE STREET 
 
 Harness — Saddlery 
 
 English Saddles 
 
 California Saddles 
 
 English and California complete Riding Equipment 
 
 Motor-car Robes 
 
 Stable and Street Blankets 
 
 English Holly Whips and Crops 
 
 Quirts, Riding and Driving Whips of all kinds 
 
 Everything in Leather Novelties 
 Suit Cases
 
 PICTURES PICTURE FRAMING 
 
 Knight's Art Store 
 
 917 State Street 
 
 ARTIST'S; MATERIALS 
 WALL PAPERS 
 
 E. F. ROGERS H. WINIFRED SMITH 
 
 Proprietor Manager 
 
 Home Telephone 197
 
 FAMILY LIQUOR DEALERS 
 
 The A. Qoux Company 
 
 Three Local and Montecito 
 Deliveries Daily 
 
 1101 state Street 
 
 Both Telephones 136
 
 * * * 
 
 Three Star 
 
 White Pine Cough Syrup 
 
 MENTHOLATED 
 
 Contains No Morphine or Opium 
 
 STERLING DRUG CO. 
 
 Store No. 1 
 
 Store No. 2 
 
 Next to Post Office 
 
 1227 State Street 
 
 Botti Tefepfiones 71 
 
 Both Telepliones 42
 
 Visiting Milliner 
 
 Professional Millinery Work 
 
 At your own Kome 
 
 From your own 
 
 material 
 
 To suit your own style 
 
 MaKe your own date 
 
 over the Home 
 
 Telephone 
 
 BlacK 938 
 
 ♦ ♦ 
 
 MRS. C. L. HIQQINS
 
 LAUREL SPRINGS 
 
 ON THE SUMMIT OF THE SANTA YNEZ MOUNTAINS 
 
 OVERLOOKING 
 VALLEY AND OCEAN 
 
 ELEVATION 2800 FEET 
 
 15 miles from Santa Barbara 
 
 Homer C. Snyder 
 
 HOME TELEPHONE EXCHANGE 174
 
 Pacific Coast Publishing Co. 
 
 PRINTERS 
 BINDEIRS 
 ....and 
 ENGRAVERS 
 
 fl 
 
 STATIONELRY and OFFICE SUPPLIES 
 Wholesale and Retail 
 
 n 
 
 1032 - 1034 State Street 
 
 HOME! ff 388 
 
 Our MottO; 
 To Please
 
 "And finally, let each of us according to his ability and opportunity 
 practice and inculcate respect for the law, the maintenance of order, 
 regard for the rights of others, admiration for the successful, sym- 
 pathy with the unfortunate, charity for all, hope for humanity, joy in 
 the simple life and contentment therewith."
 
 Clarence C. Knight 
 
 The Oldest Established Undertaker 
 in the City 
 
 NEW LOCATION 
 
 Large Colonial Residence 
 
 1525 STATE STREET 
 
 Woman Attendant When Desired 
 
 TELEPHONES 75-Three Bells
 
 University of California Library 
 Los Angeles 
 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 Phone Renewals 
 310/a26^9188 
 
 REC'O LD-URl 
 JUN2 51998 
 
 4 AfKMA"? ? 1 ^'
 
 F 
 
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 Sif5W69 
 
 r-J