I
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
LOS ANGELES
CABALA:
S I V E
MYSTERIES
O F
State & Government:
LETTERS
Of illuftrious Perfons,and great Agents^in the
Reigns of Henry the Eighth, Queen Eli^jbeth,
K: fames, and the late King Charts.
IN TWO PARTS.
In which the Secrets of Empire, and
Publique manage of Affairs are contained.
With many remarkable Paflages nowhere elfe Published.
LONDON,
Printed for G. Bfdtl^md T. Ccltim, and are to be fold at their
Shop at the Middle-Temple-gate in Fleetftreet, 1654.
Cabala,
Myfteries of State^
LETTERS of the great MINISTERS
of K.^awef and K. fflarles.
WHEREIN
Much of the publique Manage of Affaires
is related.
Faithfully CoUeBed bj a J^oble Hand.
LONDON,
Printed for M. M* G. Bedell, and T. Coffins, and arc to be fold at
their Shop at the Middle-Temple Gate in Ftectftreet,
1654-
The Preface to the Reader.
En is publijhed a Piece,
not to be matched in Anti-
quity; a Colleftion, riot
r o much of Letters, as of
the myfleries of Govern-
ment, the wifdom, and
manage of Public^ bufinefles in the late
Reigns, where the great Miniftcrs of State
areprefentednafyd, their Confultations > De-
figns, Policies^ the things done by them, are
expofed to every mans eye y as they were brought
forth by tbemfelves. The moft famous of all
Modern Hiftorians glories in the helps and
advantages he bad above all men elfe to write ;
A 3
464354
The Prefaced
He came (fo be tells vi) prepared and furnished
from the Gabinets of Princes, be badferi*
oufly ferufecl , and fifted their Letters and
Orders ; the Letters of the Illuftriow Per fins
imfloyed by them, the private Commands,
Dispatches, and Inftru&ions 0/Embaffies ;
Debates^ and Refolutions of Councels,
without which all Hiftory muft.be lame and
imperfeff*
This was the way to mafy the caufes of
actions as vifible as their effetts, and with-
out which all Diligence and Faitbfulneft
elfewitt do little. <Mlmb of the Hiftory
of the laftyears of King James^ and begin*
ningsof KingChavlesmaybebereread. Here
the height of the mighty Favourite the Duke
vf Buckingham maybetatyn^ The Art sand
Subtleties of Spain, of tbeGonde Gondo-
mar, M the Englidi-Spanifh Party are dip*
covered; the Journey into Spain, breach of
jbrtbe renting Leagues with the enemies of the
Spanifh
The Preface.
Spanifli Pride and Vniverfality^ the carriage
of f&e-Imperialiftsj French,, Netherlan-
dersj and other Concurrents oftbofe Reigns>
areexaftly Related : with the Praffifes of
our borne-Roman Catholicks^W growth of
thofe who were here catted Puritans then ; the
Secrets of the Court and State; without any
falfe glofle to writhe, or flreigbten, to deprave
or extenuate, with more truth and pncerity y
then all the Annals canfloow^ where Paffion
tf^Intereft jway oftentimes too much, and
the cleaned hand mafys blots and ftain^ car-
ried away with Love or Hatred, to the fide
or man. Here are no (hares jet to catch or
inveagle any mans judgment, all things are left
clearly to their own worth and Refutation.
A 4
A
TABLE
OF THE
LETTERS
Contained
In this Colleiftion.
Arl of Sommerfet to King James, Page i
Lord Chancellour Bacon to the Ki*g t 31. July,
1617. p. 8
Lord Chancellour Bacon to the Ki*g t 2. Januar.
1618. %
Lord Chancellour Bacon to the Lords, 5 -
Lord Chancellour Bacon to the Mtrqueffe of
Buckingham, 25 March, 1620. 10
Lord Chancellour Bacon to the King, the 25. of March, 1620.
p. 10
Lord Chancellour Bacon to the Dnke, 122
^agdibeg to the King* 1 1
A Letter by King James to the LordKeefer, Bifloff of London , Win-
ton, Rocbefter, St. Davids, ^Exeter, Sir Henry Hubbard, tmd
othert, 30,0&ob, 163.1.- 12 :
Ttf*
A Table of the Titles of the Letters?
A Letter from Spain concerning the Princes arrival there , 30. Ssptemb.
1623. Madrid. , 17
The Eft of Briftol to the Prince touching the Proxies, l Madrid.
24
The Earl of Briftol to Secretary Cottington, April the 15*. 16*3.
28.
The E&1 of Briftol tt the Bi/bopof Lincoln, Auguftffo 20. 1623.
p. 20.
The Earl*/ Briftol totfaBifiopof Lincoln, 24. Septemb, 1623. Ma-
drid, ' 22
The Earl of Briftol to the Prince, September 24: 1623. tJMadrid
page 26.
TbeEttlof Briftol f* the Duly, the 6. of December, 1623. o%-
*/, 28
!Tfo Earl o/ Briftol to King James, ^27. 0/July, 1624. ^W*.
30
King Charles to the Ear/of Briftol, Jan. 21. 1625. 17
3T& Earl / Briftol to the Lord Conway the 4. o/ March , 1625.
Sherborn. 19
The Lord Conway to the Earl of Briftol, March 2i 1625. 19
Sir Walter AttontptbtD*kf, 30
Sir Walter ARontotheDukf, ij.Novemb. 1623. 34
The Duke ^/Buckingham to Sir Walter Afton. 34
The Duke of Buckingham^ Sir Walter Afton. 36
Sir Walter Afton to the Duke of^ Buckingham, December 22. 1623.
37
A t-Memorialpt 'effing for the Palatinate, &c given to the King of Spain
. b) Sir Walter Afton, 1 9, Jan. 1623. 38
Sir Walter Afton totheDukf^Zi Jan. 1623. 40
Sir Walter Afton to Secretary Conway, the 22. of January, 1623.
40
Sir Walter Afton to the Lord Conway. 44
Sir Walter Afton tothtLord Conway, S.June, 1624. 46
Sir Walter Afton to the Lord Conway, 1 7. July, 1624* S^
Sir Walter Afton to the Duke, 20. o/Odob. 1 624. 5 z
Sir Walter Afton to the Duke , the 10. of December , 162 4.
165
Sir Walter Afton totheDu^ lO.o/Decemk 1625. 55
&r. Williams** ffaZ>*tf, 54
The
A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
Williams Lord Keeper to the Duly, 27. July, 1621. 55
The EM of South-bamptons Letter to the Bijkof of Lincoln ,
The Lortf Keeper to the Dukf,22.}M\^^ 1621: 6 r
The Lord Keeper hii afwer to the Mart ef South-hzmpton, 2. Auguft,
1621. 58
The Lord Keeper to the Duty concerning the fame Earl of South-hamp-
ton, 2, Aug. 1621. 59
The Lord K ee per tot be Duly concerning the Lord of St. Albans, Octob.
27. 1621. 60
The Lord Keeper to the Duke concerning the Earl Mar /halt place, I. Sep.
tembcr, 1621. 62
The Lord Keeper to the Duke, i6.Deccmb. 1621: 6$
The Lord Keeper to the Dttkf *bwt Mr. Thomas Murrayes Diffenfa-
f, &c. 23.Febr. 1621. 66
The Lord Keeper to the Duke About the Liberties of Weftminfter, the
6. May, 1 621. 68
The Lord Keeper to the Duke, Aug. 23.1622. 69
The Lord Keeper to the Duke about the Lord Treafurer, September 9,
1622. 70
The Lord Keener to the ~Duk$ of Buckingham, the 14. tf Ofto-
bcr, 1621. 82
TheLordKeepertotheVuksfi.Aug. 1623. 83
The Lord Keeper to Jfe Duke , the 21- of September, 1,6-2 2.
93
The Lord Keeper to the Duke, 12. Oc^ob: 1622, 7S
The Lord Keeper to the Dub. 7^
The Lord Keeper to the <Dukf. 84
The Lord Keeper to the D uke, 6, Jan. 1623.' 86
Mr. John Packer to the Lord Reefer, the 21 of Janaary \. i 6 2 3
86
The Lord Keeper to the Df(e s 2. Febr. 1623. 88
The Lord Keeper to the 'Dukf, 24. May, 1624, 93
The Lord Keeper to the 1>ttke, 22. Aug. 1624. 95
The Lord Keeper to the D*ke t 1 1 . Odob. 1624. 95
The Lord Keeper to the Wake concerningthe Counttffe of South- hamp-
ton, 17. Novemb. 1624: 9 6
The Lord Keeper to the Dttke> 24. Decemb. 1624. 99
The LordKteper totbe Dkf concerning Dr, Scot, the 4 rf -Jan.. 1624
I GO
A Table of the Titles of the Letters?
The Lord Keeper to the Duke, 2. March, 1624. ior
The Lord Keeper to the Duke about Sir Robert Howard, xi; March,
1624. 103
The Lord Keeper to the Duly, 13. March, 1624. 1 04
The Lord Keeper to the Dukti 22. March, 1614. 106
The Bijhof of Lincoln to the Duke, the 7. of January, 1625.
107
The Bifljop of Lincoln to hi* Majepie, i e8
The Lord Keeper to the Vifcottnt Annan, the 17. / September, 1622.
109
The Bijhof of St. Davids to the Duke, the 18. of November, 1624.
"3
The Bij&op of St. I) wife to the Duke- 114
The Bifliop of Chichefter to the Duke'. 1 14
The Bi/hofs o/Rochcfter, Oxford, avdSt. Davids to the Dttkf, concern-
jgMr.Mountague, 2. Aug. 1625. 116
Dr. Field TH/bopofLznfaffc to the Duke, 118
Bijhof ^LandafFe to the D*ke. 119
Dr. Corbet to the Dukf. 121
Iztr/etof Worccfter , Arundel And Surrey, and Montgomery to the
King t 121
The E*rl of Suffolk to tii cMajeftie, 122
The Earl of Suffolk to the Dtt^e. 123
The EarU/ Suffolk to hi* Majeftie. m 124
The L*dj Elizabeth Howard to the King, . 126
The Lady Elizabeth Norris to the Duke. ibid.
Sir Edward Cecyl to the Duke. 1 28
Sir Ed ward Cecyl totheDttkei 129
Sir EdwardCecyUo/^Xs>r</Conway Secretary, 2, of June, 1625.
130
Sir Edward Cecyl to the Duke, 3; June, 1625, J 3 2
Sir Edward Cecyl totheDukf, 19. July, 1625. 134
The Lord Wimbledon to the 'Dttke, 28. April, 1 626. 135
The Lord Wimbledon to the Duke. 137
Sir John Ogle to the Duke, 3 . June, 1 625. 138
Sir Robert Manfel to the Duke, 9. June, 1621, 1 40
Sir Robert Manfel to, the Duke, ro. July, 1621. 143
Sir John Pcnnington^/^^D^, 27, July, 1625; 144
Captain Pennington to the Duke, 150
31. March, 1619. 151
Mr.
' T '
. /. A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
V Mr. Trumbal to the Secretary, 23-O&ob. 1619. 156
Sir Thomas Roc to the Marqucffeof Buckingham Ln-d tsfdmiraf,
17. Decemb. 1621. 1^3
L.R.H.r0r/*1>^ of Buckingham: IJ9
Sir George Carie to the M*rq*effe o/Buckingbam, the 8 . of Dccera.
1619. 162
To King James f ab ignotOi 1 63
Arckhfbop Abbot] fo Secretary Nanton, 12. of September, 1619.
169
TheLordfttooktothe'Dttkf, u.Novemb. 1623. 170
Dr. Belcanquel to Secretary Nanton, 26, March. 1 7 3
Sir William Beechcr to hit Majeftie, 4. Febr. 176
To King James ab ignoto. 178
Sir Ifaac Wake to the Secretary, the 27. of September, 1619.
180
Sir Ifaac Wake to the Secretary, the 5 th . of Odober, 1619.
184
Sir Ifaac Wake to the*Duke t 13- Fcbr. 1621; 188
Sir Ifaac Wake's TropofitioHfor the King of Denmark. ipo
Sir Henry Wotton to the Dftkty 25. Jan. 1619. 1 92
Sir Henry Wotton to the 'Duke, 29. July, 1622. 193
Sir Henry Wotton to the Vttk$ , the 2 d . of December , 1622;
1 94
Sir Henry Wotton to the T>uk$. 1 96
Sir Henry Wotton to the Duke. 1 97
Sir Richard Wefton to the 7)nke, 26. June, 1622. 200
Sir Richard Wefton to the Duke. Bruxels 3. of September, 1622.
201
Sir Richard Wefton to the Duke. 17. July, 1623. 202
Sir Richard Wefton to the D*kf, 20 May, 1624. 203
Sir Richard Wefton to the Dnkf. Chelfey,thc 23 of July, 16,24.
204
Sir Richard Wefton to the Duke. Chelfcy, 12. of Auguft. 1624.
206
Sir Francis Cottingfon to the Duke. Madrid, i. October, 1616.
206
Vifcount Rochfort to the Dttke of Buckingham, 209
King James to*Pepe Gregorierk 15. the to. of September, 1622.
211
Pope
A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
Pfffe Gregory the 15. to the Trince of Wales. Rome, 20 of April,
1623. 212
The Prince of Wales bit Reply to tie Popes Lett en 2 1 4
The P of e to the Duke of Buckingham. Rome, the 19 of May, 1623.
216
TV King James ab ignoto. 217
To King James ab ignoto. 222
Mr. Ch. Th . to the Duke. 228
To Count Gondomar. 233
CondcdeGondomar/0 theDukf. 13. Febr. 1625. 237
Paare Maeftre at Rome to the Spanifti Embaffadottr in England.
12, June, 1621. 238
Don Carlos to the Lord, Conway. 3. Septem. 239
MArqtteflt Ynoiofa to the Lord Conway , 5. of September, 1623.
242
Collections of 'Paff ages- and Difcourfes betvtixt the Spanifh Embafttiours
*W Sir Arthur Chichefter, 18 Jan. 1623. 244
Sir Arthur Chichefterfarta Z)//^, 2 5. Jan. 1623. 243
f*S*g ts betftixt the Lord Nithifdale <tad the Spanifli Embaffadours,
22. May, 1624. 247
T^ZWNithifdale^^^D^. 22 June, 1624. 249
SirTobie Mathewro the Kitgsf Spain. 251
SirTobie Mathewro tke ?> tttcheffeof Buckingham. From Bulloign,
9. June, 1625. 253
Dr. Sharp to King James. 255
Dr. Sharp to the Duke of Buckingham. 257
The Lord Gromweli to the Dttke, 8. Sept. 1625. 262
Sir Robert Philips** the Duke of Buckingham, 21. of Aug. 1624.
264
7/tf 4r/*/Middlefex totheDuke. 266
The E Mr I of Middlefex to his (Jlfajeftie , the 26. April, 1624.
267
The E*rl of Carlile to his Mtjeftie , 1 4. Febr. 1623. 269
7*Jje Lord Kenfington to the < Dukf. 273
The Lord Kenfington to the Prince, the 26, of February, 1624.
. . 276
The Lord Kenfington totheDnke. 274-
The Lord Kenfington to the Prince, 26 Febr. 1624. 2 7 6
Tht Lord Kenfington to the Duke. 278
The Lord Kenfington to the Prince. 280
TjstLord Kenfington to the Dnkf> 4- March, 1 924. 2$ 2
The
'
A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
' ?he Lord Rcnfington to th* Seer ttarj Lord C6t\my, 284
The Lord iKenfington to the Duke. 288
Tke^LordKenfingtontothe Duke. 291
The Lord Kenfington Earl of Holland to the Dukf. 292
The Earl c/HollandVo hit Majeftie. Paris, 13 March, 1625. 294
The Earl of Holland to the Dukf. 296
Mr. Lorkin to the Duke^ 30. Auguft, 1625. 299
Mr. Lorkin to the Dttkf, 17 Sept. 1625. 301
The Lord Herberts bis Mtjefic. FrwwMerton Caftle, 13 O&ob.
1623. 304
Mr. Edward Clerk to the Duke. Madrid, 6. Sept. 1623.' 305
Mr. Edward Clerk te the D*kf, Madrid , the i. of Oftober. 1623.
307
Sir Anthony Afliley to the Duke, izMay. 1621. 307
Sir Walter Rwleigh totheDuke, 12, Aug. 308
Sir Henry Yelverton tt the Duke, the 15. of March, 1623.
310
Sir John Eliot totheDuke^ S.Novemb. 1623. 311
The Earl of Oxford to the Duke. 311
The Lady Purbeck to the Duke. 313
Dr. Donne to the Marqueffc of Buckingham, 1 3 . September , 1 621.
Dr.JDonne f f ta Duke. 315
Sir John Hipflcy to the Duke. London,thc i . of September, 1623 .
316
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Mxrquefte o/Buckingham.Haguc,24.Febr.
1616. 317
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Duke of Buckingham. Hague^ i o. June,
1620. 321
Sir Dudley Carleton tothtVukf. Hague, 31. of January, 1622.
325
Sir Dudley Carleton totheD*kf* Hague 23 i of Auguft, 1622.
327
Sir Dudley Carleton totheDuke. Hague, 9. of December, 1623.
334
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Duke. Hague, 13. Dccemb. 1623.
334
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Duke. Hague, 18 of December, 1623.
337
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Duke. Hague, 24. of January, 1625.'
340
Sir
fs Table of the Titles of the Letters.
Sir Dudley Carlcton to the Dkf. Hague, 16 of February, 1625;
34*
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Duke. Hague, 16. of April, 1624.
343
Sir Dudley Carleton to thi Dnkf> Hague, the io, of June, 1625.
34S
Sir Dudley Carlcton totfa Dftkg. Hague 20. of Aaguft, 1625.
Litters ttccordfog tothf Order ef this Table.
Earl
E. of Sommerfet to K. JAMES,
Y this Gentleman your Ma jetties Lieutenant
I underftand of fomc halt you made, and the
Caufe of it, at fuch time as he offered to your
Majcftie my Letters. But foon aftcr,your Ma-
jeftie could refolve your felf and behold me
nothing fo diffident of you, but in humble
language petitioning your favour for I am
in hope, that my condition is not capable of
fo much more mifery, as that I need to make
my felf a paflage to you by fuch way of intercefiion. This which
followes after, I offer your Majeftic, though not as to your felf, for
upon leffe motive you can find favour for me : Now I need onely
move, not plead, before your Majeftie, as my Cafe doth ftand, for
what I feek to have done, followes upon what you have already
done, as a Confcquencc and fuccccding growth of your own ad. But
to the effed, that your Ma jefrie may fee that there 1$ enough to an-
fwer thofe (if any fuch there be) as do go about to pervert the excr-
cife of your Power, and to turn it from its own clear excellency, for
to minifter unto their paffions : I have prefumed ro this end to
awake your Majefties own Conceipt upon this fubjed, which can
gather to it felf better, and more able defences in my behalf upon
this view j for though the ads of your mercy which are not com-
municable, nor the Caufes of them with others, as derived from
thofe fecret motives, which arc only fcnfible and privie to your own
heart,and admit of no fearch or difcovery to any general fatisfadion,
and that under this protection I might guard my particular fufficient-
lyj yet my Cafe needs not hide it felf, but attend the difpuce with any,
B that
. ef Sommcrfct to K. fames*
that would put upon it a monftrous and heavy (hape. For though
chat I oroft acknowledge , that both life and eftate ape forfeit to you
by Law, yet fo forfeited, as the fame JLaw gives you the fame power
to preferve, as it doth to punilh, whereby your Majefties higher
prerogative doth not wreftle with it , nor do you infringe thofe
grounds by which yeu have ever governed; fo as the refinance is not
great that your Ma jeftie hath,for to give life,and which is leffe,in the
gift of eftate, for that theLawcafts wholly upon your felf, and
yields it as fit matter for the cxercife of your goodnefle. Once it
was your Majeftiesguift tome, foitmay be better not taken then a
fecond time given ; for it is common to all men for to a void to take
that which hath been once their own. And I may fay farther, that
Law hath not been fo fevcrcupon the ruine of innocent pofterity,
nor yet Cancelled, nor cut off the merits of Anceftors, before the
politique hand of State had contrived it into thofe feveral forms, as
fitted to their ends and government. To this I may adde, that that
whereupon I was judged, even the Crime it felf might have been
none, if your Majefties hand had not once touched upon it,by which
all acceffe unto your favour was quite taken from me. Yet as it did
at length appear^ I fell, rather for want of well defending, then by
the violence or force of any proofes : for I fo far forfook my felf,and
myCaufe, as* that it may be aqueftion whether I was more Corv
demned for that,or for the matter it felf which was the fubjed of that
dayesControveiffie' Then thus far nothing hath appeared, wherein
your Ma jeftie hath extended for me your power beyond thereafon-
able bound, neither doth any thing ftand fo in the way of your future
proceedings^ but rather make cade the accefic of your Majefties fa-
your to my relief.
What may then bethecaufe, that Malice can pitch upon,where-
fore your Majeftie (houid not proceed for to accompli(h your own
work? Afperfions are taken away by your Majefties letting me
become fub ject to the utmoit power of Law.with the lives of fo many
of the offendours , which yieldeth the world fubjeft of forrowr
rather then appetite to more b!oud,but truth and innocency protect
themfelves in poor men, much more in Kings. Neither ever was
there fuch afperfion ( God knowes) in any pofiibility towards your
Majeftie, but amongft thofe who would create thofe pretences to
raiflead your Majeftie, and thereby make m?mifcrable. If not this
(whereof the virtue, and ufc, was in the former time and now deter-
mined^ jthere is not any but your pleafurc. It is true; I am forfeited
sO'yourMajcftie 3 butnotagainft you by any trcafonablc or unfaith-
ful
E. tf Sommcrfcc w jr. $ames. _
, ful ad. Befides, there i$ to be yielded a diftindionof men as in
faults ; fnwhich-I am of both under the neereft degrees of excepti-
on ; yet your Majeftie hath pardoned life and cftate to Traytofs, and
to ftrange'rs, foraetimes the one, fometimes the other ; Nay to fome
concerned in this bufinefle wherein I fuffer, you have pardoned more
unto, then I deiire ; who as (it is reported) if they had come to the
teft, had proved Copper, and ftiould have drunk of the bitter Cup
as well as others. But I do not by this envy your favours to any per-
fon, nor fcek I to draw them in thcyoak with my felf, but applaud
your Majefties goodncfie, being in that refpecl: in a neerer pofiibility Mt
to come at me. Befides this, to Etvijb your Majeftie hath given Sir w/
eftatc, which is a greater gift then life, becaufe it extends to pofteri- (&
ty,who was the worft deferver in this bufinefs ; an unoffended inftru-
mcnt might have prevented all after- mifchief, who for his own ends
fuffcredic, and by the like arts afterwards bewrayed it. To this I
may adde Trefiam in the Powder Treafon, upon whofe fucreflburs I s!r
do not caft any of his infamy, yet he preferved himfelf to pofterity, Trejk*m.
foas what he, or others fuch as he, have defrauded by the arts of
Law, and whom their own unfaithrulnefle made fafe, I have much
adoc to hold by ingenuity, and Confidence. How may it be that be-
caufe I diflrufted not your Majeftie, or becaufe it returned in your
power from whom I had it, it is in danger to be broken or difmem-
bred. Let me hope that there is nothing which by favour may be ex-
cufed, or by induftry might have been avoided, that will fail me,
where your Majeftie is to determine. It is not I who thus put your
Majeftie in mind importunely : It is he that was your Creature, it is
Sommerfet, with all your honours, and envious greatneffe, that i*
now in queftion. Kings themfclves are protected from the breach of
Law by being Favorites and Gods anointed, which gives your Ma-
jeftie the like privilcdge over yours; As I took from Dr. Dftmte in rj r ,
his Sermon, that the good netfe of God is not fo much acknowledged
by us in being our Creator, as in being our Redeemer; nor in that
he hath chofen us, as^JMb^othing can take us out of bis hands, which
in your Majefties reHinbrance let me challenge, and hope for : For
the firft accedes of favour, they may be afcribed to ones own plea-
fing themfelv<?s, but that appears to be for our fakes and for our
good,when the fame forfakes not our civil dcferts. This redemption
I crave, not as to my own ptrfon, but with your benefits once given ;
nor do I affume them very deep, for I have voluntarily departed from
the hopes of penfion, place, office; I only cleave to that which is fo
little, as that it will fuffer no pairing, or diminution.
B 2 And
E, 0f Sommcrfct u K.
And as in my former Letters, fo by this I humbly crave of your
Majeftie not to let the pra&ifesof Court work upon your Son the
Prince, not fearing your fufferance of my lofie in that particular fo
much, (for I cannot lofc it, but willingly all with it) as'fortotake
off the Stage, that which in the attempt may prove 'inconvenient.
And confiderl pray your Majeftie, that my hope in defiring to pafle
thefe bad times, was to be reftored to my fortunes; others arc made
unhappy by me, if othcrwife, and then I lofe my end, I fpeak of
impairing, of changing, orfuppjying, asof any other way, all fuch
alterations, and ruine, are alike, without I be worthy of your gift,
and that I can be worthy of all, that Law can permit you to give, or
caft upon your Majeftie by a more neerer title, as it doth by this ; I
fliall account them equal evils, that leave nothing, or a patched and
proportioned one , changed or tranflatcd from one thing to ano-
ther.
But if. your Majeftie have any refpefts to move you to fufpend
your gQod towards me ; let that which is mine reft in your own
hands, till that you find all oppofite humours conformed to your
purpofe. I have done wrong to my felf, thus to entertain fuch a
doubt of your Majefty; but the unrelenting of advCrfaries , which
when you will have them, will fooner alter ; and that all this while
I have received nothing of prefent notice for direction % or to com-
fort me, from your Ma jefty, hath made me to expoftulate with my
felf thus hardly. For God is my judge Sir, I can never be worthy
to be i if I have thefe markes put upon me of aTraytor, as that
tumbling and disordering of that eftate would declare the divorce
from your prefence, laies too much upon me, and this would upon
both.
I will fay no farther, neither in that which your Ma jefty doubted
my aptneffe to fall into, for my Caufe, nor my Confidence is not in
ihatdiftrcfle as for to ufe that mean of. intercefiiori v nor of any
thing befides, but to remember your Majeftie, that I am the'Work-
manihip of your hands, and bear your ftanmdceply imprinted in
all the characters of favour ; that I wa^lRirft plant ingrafted
by your Majefties hand in this place, therefore not to be unrooted
by the fame hand, left it fltould taint all the fameki^d, with the
touch of that fatalnefFe; And that I was even the Son of a Fa-
ther , whofe fervices are regiftred in the firft honours and impreffi-
<ons I tookof your Majefties favour, and laid there as a foundation
that building; Thefc and your Majefties goodnefle for to-
receive
The Le. Chtncthr Bacon t$ the Lerds.
receive them, is that I rely upon; So praying for your Maj'efties
profperity; I am j n all humblenefle
Mtjefies lojdfirvAHt, *&
Creature,
R. Sommcrfctt.
Ike to. Chtncelonr Bacon f* the Lords,
If it may fle*fc
1 (hall humbly crave at your Lordfhips hands a benigne interpret*^
1 tion of that which I (hall now write; for words that come from
wafted fpirits, and an oppreffed mind, are more fefe in being depofi-
ted in a noble Conftrudion, then in being Circled with any refer-
red Caution. Having made this as a protection to all, which I
(hall fay, I will go on, but with a very ftrange entrance (as may feem
to your Lordfliips at the firft) for inthemidftofa ftatcof as great
afflidion, as I think a mortal man can endure, ( honour being above
life) I (hall begin with the profefiing gladnefle in fome things.
The firfl is,that hereafter the greatnefle of a Judge or Magiflratey,
(hall be no Sanduary, or protection tohimagainftguiltine(fe,which
in few words is the beginning of a golden world.
The next, that after this example,- it is like that Judges will file
from any thing in the likencffe of Corruption (though it were at a
great diftance) as from a Serpent, which tendeth to the purging of
the Ceur-tsof Juftice, and reducing them to their true honour and
fplendour. And in thefe two points God is my witnefTe (f hough ic
be my fortune to be the anvile upon which thefe good effeds arc
beaten and wrought) I take no fmall comfort* But topaflefrom
themotionsof my he^BKhereof God-is onely Judge; to the' merit?
of my Caufe, whereolBjFLordfhips are onely Judges, under God ,
and his Lievtcnant ; nfounderftand, there hath been expeded from
me heretofore fome justification, and therefore I have chofen one
onely justification inftcad of all others, out of the jufrification of
^, for after the clear fubmifllon and Confcflion, which I fhall now
make unto your Lordftiips, I hope I may-fay, and juftifie with fob in
thefe words, / bavt not hid m) fin at did Afam, nor conceAtrdntj faulttin
my bofome*. This is th< oniy juftification-I wUl uftr- It rcfltth tbert
The L
fore that without fig-leaves, I do ingenuoufly confefle and acknow-
ledge, that having underftood the .particulars pf the charge, not
formally from the houfe, but enough to inform my Confcicnce and
memory , I find matter both fufficient and full, to move % me to defert
the defence, and to move your Lordfhips to condemn and cenfure
me. Neither will I trouble your Lordfhips by fingling out particu-
lars, which I think may fall off. ttidte exempt* juvat {pints demittibu*
UM*? Neither will I prompt your Lordfhips to obferve upon the
proofes, where they come not home, or thefcruples touching the
Credit of the Witnefles : Neither will I prefent unto your Lordfhips,
how far a defence might in divers things extenuate the offence,
in refpcd of the time, or manner of the gift, or the like ciraimftan-
ces, butonely leave thefe things to fpring out of your own noble
thoughts, and obfervations of the evidence, and examinations thcm-
felves, and charitably to wind about the particulars of the charge
here and there, as God fhall put in your minds, and fo fubmit my
felf wholly to your piety and grace.
And now that I have fpoken to your Lordfhips, as Judges, I (hall
fay a few words unto you, as Peers, and Prelates, humbly commend-
ing my Caufe to your noble Minds,and magnanimous affections.
Your Lordfhips are not onely Judges, but Parliamentary Judges,
you have a farther extent of arbitrary power, then other Courts :
and if you be not tied to the ordinary courfe of Courts,or prefldents,
in point of ftridneffe and feverity, much more in points of mercy and
mitigation. And yet if any thing I fhould move might be contrary
to your honourable and worthy ends to introduce a reformation,
I ftiould not feek it. But herein I bcfeech your Lordfhips to give
me leave to tell you a ftory, Titut tJManlitu took his fons life foe
giving battail againft the prohibition of his General* Not many
years after the like feverity waspurfuedby 'Pafinus Cttrfor the Di-
lator againft guinttuiJfrUximuSt who being upon the point to be
fentcnccd, was by the interceflion of fome principal perfons of the
Senate fpared ; whereupon Livie maked^ys grave and gracious
JMaximi, qttAmmirtbili fupplicioTiti <~ManRtb.t difciplinepf War
was noleffeeftablifhed by the queftioning onely of guiatus MA-
ximtts, then by the punifhment ofTittu M*nliHs. And the fame
afon is of the reformation of Juftice ; for the queftioning of men
of eminent place hath the fam6 terrour, though not the fame rigour
with the punifhment. But my Cafe ftayeth not there, for my hum-
Wedellrcis, that his Majeftie would ta^e the Sea] into his hands,
tohich
9 T&e to, CbAKcehr Bacon to tit Lents.
which is a great downfal, and may fcrve I hope in it felf for an cx
piationof my fault*.
Therefore if mercy and mitigation be in your Lordfhips power,
and do no wayes crofle your ends, why (hould I not hope of your
favours and Commiferations ? Your Lordfhips may be pleafed to
behold your chief Pattern the King our Sovereign, a King of in-
comparable Clemencie, and whofe heart is inftrutiiable for wifdorn
and goodneffe. You well remember , that there fate not thefc
hundred years before in your Houfc a Prince (and neverfucha
Prince)whofeprcfence dcferveth to be made memorable by records,
and afts, mixt of mercy and jufticc. Your felvcs are either Nobles
(and Compaflion ever beateth in the veins of noble bloud,) or Reve-
rend Prelates, who are the fervants of him, that would not breathe
bruifed reed, nor qttenchfntOAk.i*gfL*xe.
You all fit upon a high Stage, and therefore cannot but be more
fenfible of the changes of humane Condition , and of the fall of
any from high places. Neither will your Lordfhips forget that there
are viti* imports, as well as viti* homixit y and that the beginning of
reformation , hath a contrary power to the pool of Bethefda $ for
that had ftrength onely to cure him, that was firftcaff in, and this
hath ftrength to hurt him onely,tbat is firft Caft in; and for my part,
Iwifhic may flay there, and go no further.
Laftly, I affure my felf, your Lordfhips have a noble feettngof me,
as a member of your own body ; and one, that in this very Seffion ,
had fome tafte of your loving affection, which I hope was not a
lightning before the death of them, but rather a fpark of that grace
which now in the Conclufion will more appear. And therefore my
humble fuit to your Lordfhips is, that my voluntary Confeffion be
my fentence, and the loffe of the Seal my punilhment, and that your
Lordfhi pswi 11 fpare any farther fentence, but recommend me tohis->
Majefties grace and pardon for all that is paft. And fo,&c.
Your Lordfhips, &*;.
Fivc
Bacon to tfo King.
..Five Letters more of my Lord
Btcon totbe King^ July 31. 1617.
Lord Kee- -^ are not P r efume any more. to reply upon your Majeft-ie, but re
per Bacm ^ erve ^Y Defence till I attend your Majeftie at your happy return,
co his M*- when I hope verily to approve. my felf not onely a true fervanc
jeftic. to your Majeftie, but a true friend to my Lord of Buckingham, and
for the times alfo I hope to give your Majeftie a good account,
though diftance of place may obfcure them. But there is one part
of your Majcfties Letter, that I could be ferry to take time to an-
fwer ; which is that your Majeftie conceives, that whereas I wrote,
That the height of my Lords Fortune might make him fecurc; I mean
that he was turned proud, or unknowing of himfelf. Surely the
opinion I have ever had of my Lord (whereof your Majeftie is beft
witneflej is far from that : But my meaning was plain and fimple;
that his Lordfhip might through his great fortune, be the lefle apt to
Caft,andforefee,theunfaithfulnefTe of friends, and the malignity
of enemies,and accidents of times. Which is a judgment (your Ma-
jeftie knowcth better then I) that the beft Authors make of the beft,
and beft tempered fpirits, Vt funt res human* ; Infomuch as Guic-
W*W maketh the fame judgment (not of a particular perfonj but
of the wifeft ftatc of Europe, the Senate of Vtnice, when he fayeth
their profperity had made them fecure, and under-weighers of perils.
Thercforel bcfeech your Majefty, to deliver me, in this, from any
the leaft imputation to my dear and Noble Lord and friend. And
fo expecting, tba.t that Sun, which when it went from us, left us cold
weather, and now it is returned towards us, hath brought with it a
blefled harveft,will when it comcth to us difpel and difperfc all mifts,
and miftaidngs.
,1 am, &c,
Lord hancellour to his Majeftie,
2. Jan. 1618.
1
ft mtjptetifc your wft excellent M/tjefie^
I Do many times with gladnefle, and for a remedy of my other It-
bours,.revolvc in my mind the great happinefle which God (of bis
fingular goodnefle) hath accumulated upon your Majefty every way,
and how Compleatthc fame would be, if thcftate of your mcanes
were once rectified, and well ordercd,your people militaric, and obe-
dient, fit for war,ufedto peace, your Church illightened with good
Preachers, as an heaven of Stars, your Judges learned, and learning
from you, juft, and juft by your example, your Nobility in arighc
diftancc between Crown and People, no ppreffori of the people,
no overftiadowers of the Crown, your Councel full of tributes of
Care, faith, and freedom, your Gentlemen, and Juftices of Peace,
willing to apply your Royal Mandates to the nature of their feveral
Counties, but ready to obey, your fervants in awe of your wifdomc,
in hope of your goodneflc ; The fields growing every day by the im-
provement and recovery of grounds, from the defert, to the garden;
The City grown from wood to brick, your Sea-walls or Tomerium of
yourlflandfurveyed, and in edifying; your Merchants imbradng
the whole compafle of the World, Eaft, Weft, North, and South ;
The times give you Peace, and yet offer you opportunities of adipn
abroad : And laftly,your excellent Royal Iffue entayleththefe blef-
fingsand favours of God, todefcend to all poftcrity. It refteth
therefore, that God having done fo great things for your Majeftie,
and you for others j You would do fo much for your felf as to go
through (according to your good beginnings ) with the rectifying
and fettling of your eftate and means, which onely is wanting. Hoc
rebus defttit unum. I therefore whom oncly love, and duty to your
Majeftie, and your royal line, hath made a Fintncier^ do intend to
prefcnt unto your Majeftie a perfeft book of your eftate, like a per-
ipeftivc glafleto draw your eftate necr to your fight j bcfceching
your Majeftie to conceive, that if I have not attained to do that, that
I would do in this which is not proper for me, nor in my clement, I
(hall make your Majeftie amends in feme other thing in which I an>
better bred.
C
io The LtrA ChtmlloHr t* the King.
The LordChwcelhun* the ^MMrqttefle ^Buckingham,
27. March, 1620.
^Mj very giod Lord,
'VT'Efterday I know was no day ; Now I hope I (hall hear from your
JL Lordfhip, who are my anchor in thefe flouds. Mean while to
cafe my heart, I have written to his Majeftic the inclofed, which I
pray your Lordfhip to read advifedly, and to deliver it, or not to de-
liver it, as you think Good. Cod ever profper your Lordftiip.
Tours ever fthat I am
Fr. ,$. Man. Cane.
The LorAChAncelleur io the King. March 2 5 . id
It m*j flftfejour mof excellent Majeflie,
HpIme hath been , when I have brought unto you gemit
JL ColHmb* from others, now I bring it from my fclf. I flie unto
yeurMajetVie with the wings of a Dove, which once within thefe fc*
ven daie$,I thought would have carrried me a higher flight. When
I enter into my felf, I find not the materials of fuch a tempeft as is
come upon me. I have been, as your Majeftie knoweth heft ( never
tuthour of any immoderate Ceunfel , but alwaies defiredtohave
things carried futvibw modi*. I have been no avaritious opprefTor
of the people. I have been no haughty, or intolerable, or hateful
man in my convcrfationjOr carriage. I have inherited no hatred frotu
my father, but am a good Patriot born. Whence (hould this be . ? for
thefe are the things that ufe to raife diflikes abroad.
For the houfc of Commons, I began my Credit there, and now it
muft be the place of the Sepulture thereof. And yet this Parliament
Upon the Mcffage touching>Re1igion, the old love revived, and they
faid I was the fame man ftill, onely honefty was turned into ho-
nour.
For the Upper Honfe, even within thefe daics, before thefe trour
Ife, they fecmcd as to take nit into their arms, finding in me inge-
nuity.,
Magdibcg tt fa iMtjeJltc. XI
nuity, wljich they took to be the true ftreight line of nobJenefle With-
out Crooks or angles.
And for the briberies and guifts wherewith I am charged; when
the books of hearts (hall be opened, I hope I fhall not be found to
have the troubled fountain of a corrupt heart, in a depraved habit of
taking rewards to pervert Juftice, howfoever I may be frail, and par-
take of the abufes of the Times.
And therefore I amrefolved, when I come to my anfwer, not to
trick my innocency (as I writ to the Lords) by CavillationSjOrvoi-
dances, but to fpeak to them the language, that my heart fpeaketh t*
me, in excufing, extenuating, or ingenuous confeffing ; praying God
to give me the grace to fee to the bottom of my faults , and that no
hardnefle of heart do fteal upon me,under (hew of ore n eatnefle of
Confcience, then is Caufe.
But not to trouble your Majeftie any longer, craving pardon for
this long mourning Letter j that which I thirft after,as the Hart after
the ftreams,is,that I may know by my matchlefle friend that prefent-
eth to you this letter, your Ma jeflries heart (which is an tiyfffu of
goodncffe, as I am anabjfu* of mercy) towards me. I have been
ever your tnan,and counted my fclf but as an ufufru&uary of my fclf,
the property being yours. And now making my felf an oblation to
do with me as may beft conduce to the honour of your Juftice,
the honour of your Mercy, and theufe of your Service , refting
as
Clay in your Majcfties gracious hands,
Fr, S*. Alb**.
*, J-I 7 . /J-
Magdibcg t* htt iWwflte.
it pbtff jour mofl exceKent (JWajeftit,
I Make bold after a long filence, to proftratemy felf before
Majeftie, and being the Ambaffadour of a great King, that coun-
tcth it an honour to ftilehimfelf your friend, I do bcfeecb .you to
afford me that juftice, which I amfureyou will not refufc td the
meaneft of your Subje&s.
At my firft arrival into this yonr happy^Kingdome, I was. infor-
med by the general relation of aH that had recourfc unto me that
one here (whd bad the title of Ambafladouc frof& my Ivlaftef ) did
C 2 vainly
i a Tbe Cyy tfa LttUrwittttt ly tlf Mtjeflh, &c.
vainly brag that he had married the King of Perfta's Neecc, which
kindled in me fuch a vehement dcfirc to vindicate my Matters honor,
from fo unworthy and falfe a report, that at my firft interview with
him, my hand being guided by my dutie, I endeavoured to fatten
upon him a Condigne difgrace to fuch an impofture. But the caution
that 1 ought to have of my own juftification, when I return home,
biddeth me the more ftridly to examine the truth of that which was
told me ( whereon my action with Sir Robert Shirley was grounded)
and to have it averred in the particulars^ well as by a general voice.
Therefore I humbly bcfcech your Majeftie, that out of your Princely
goodnefle you will be pleafcd to give fuch order, that this point may
be fully cleared. Wherein for the manner of proceeding, I wholly
and humbly remi^my felf to your Majeftie: And this being done, I
{hall return home with fomc meafure of joy to ballance the grief
which I have, for having done ought, that may have clouded your
Majefties favour to me. And fo committing your Majeftie to the
protection of the greateft God, whofc (hadowes, and cleft inftru-
xncnts , Kings are on earth, I humbly cake my leave, and reft, &c.
Ike Copy of A Letter written fy bit Majeftit to the LordKeefer^ the
Bjftips- of London, Wynton, Rochefter, St. Davids, And
Exeefter, Sir Henry Hubbert, Mr. Juftice Dodderi'dge,
Sir Henry Marti n t aneHy. Steward,^ Any fix ofthem^
thereof the Lord Keeper ^ the Bijbops of London,
Wynton^rf^S'. Davids to be four*.
IT if not unknown unto you, what happened the laft Summer to our
trufty and welbeloved Counceljour, the Lord Archbi(hop of Can-
terbHry^ who (hooting at a Deer with a CrofTcbowe in Bramf.il Park,
did with that (hoot, cafually give the Keeper a wound, whereof he
dyed. Which accident (though it might have happened to any other
man) yet becaufc his eminent rank and function in the Church hath
(as/wf are informed) miniftred occafion of fome doubt, as making
ite Gawfe different in his perfon, in refpcft of the fcandal (as is fup-
pofcd, ) we being defirous (as it is fit we (hould/to be fatisfied there-
in, and repofing efpecial truft in your learnings, and judgments,have
made choice of you to inform Us concerning, the nature of this
aufe,and dos therefore require you to take-prefently into your Con-
idbratiolxs,ihe Scandal that may arife thereupon, and to certifie Us
whae
The ArMfitp of York/0 King James.
what in ypur Judgements the fame may amount unto, either to an
irregularity, or offierwife. And laftly, what means maybe found
for the rcdjrefie thereof (if need be) of all which points, we (hall ex-
ped to have your Reports, with what diligence and expedition you
may. DatedatTW*/*//, OAob. 3 d . 1621.
The ArckbijhofofYmkto King James*
M*y it fletfejour Afajefiie,
I Have been too long filent, and am afraid that by filence, I have
neglefted the duty ot the place it hath pleafed God to call me unto,,
and your Majcftie to place me in. But now I humbly befcech, that
I may difcharge my Confcience towards God,and my dutie towards
your Majeftie. And therefore I befeech you Sir, to give me leave
freely to deliver my felf, and then let it pleafe your Majeftie to do
with me as you pleafe.
Your Majeftie hath propounded a Toleration of Religion, I bc-
feech you to take into your Confideracion, what your Act is, and
what the Coniequence may be. By your aft, you labour to fet up
that moft damnable and heretical dodrincof the Church of Rome,
the Whore of Btbjlon. How hateful will it be to God,and grievous
to your Subjects ( the true profeffoars of the Gofpel) that your Ma-
jeftie who hath often defended, and learnedly written againft thofe
wicked herefics, fhould now fhew your felf a Patron of thofe do-
ctrines which your Pen hath told the world, and your Confcience
tells your felf are fuperftitious, idolatrous, and detcftable: Alfo
what you have done in feirdingthe Prince without Confent of your
Councel, and the privitie and approbation of your People : For
although Sir, you have a large intereft in the Prince, as the Son tf
your fle(h,yet have your People a greater as the Son of the Kingdom,
upon whom (next after your Majeftie) are their eyes fixed, and their
Welfare defends. And fo flenderly is his going apprehended, that
believe Sir, how ever his return may be fafe, yet the drawers of him-
unto that aftion, fodangerous to himfelf, fodefperatc to the King-
dome, will not paffc away unqueftioned, and unpunifhed.
Bciidcs, this Tolleration you endeavour to fct up by your Prpcla-
mation> it cannot be done without a Parliament,unlc(Te your Majeftie -
will let your Subjects fee, that you now take unto your felf a libertie
to throw down the Lawes of the Land at your pleafure. What dread-
ful
I4 Tfa Copy if * Letter fent from Spain,
fill Conference thcfe things may draw after, I befeech youc Ma jeftie
to Confidcr.
And above all, left by this Tolleration, and difcountenance of the
true profcflion of the Gofpel (wherewith God hath bleffed us) and
under which this Kingdome hath flourifhed thefe many years; your
Majeftie doth draw upon the Kingdom in general, and yourfelf in
particular, Gods heavy wrath and indignation.
Thusindifchargeof my dutie to your Majeftie, and the place of
my Calling, I have taken the humble boldneflc to deliver my Con-
fcience. And now Sir, Do with me what you pleafe.
Next of all,in order, follow the Letters that pafled between the King
and his Agents, about the Spanijk Tranfadions.
The firft Letter written, per twujmum, brings newes of the Princes
arrival.
of 4 Letter fent from Spain, concerning thi
Princt$ arrival there, &c.
I Prcfume his Highneffe being now returned, you may by Confe-
rence have fuch choice, and free relations of his proceedings in
Sp*itt, that I may well hold my Pen, (it being not priviledged with
that freedom that the tongue is) yet to comply with that conftant
obligation I purpofe ftill to owe you, I will write fometh ing, and
point at fome paffages, where others perhaps may not fo punctually
inform you.
The Prince's coming hither feemed not fo ftrange, as acceptable,
and pleafing unto all. The Common fort cxprefled it by extraordi-
nary (houts, and acclamations of joy, offering, and marrying the
Infant* (as it were) prefcntly, by publique voice, as having wonne
and truly dcferved her, by fo brave an adventure. The King and
State ftudicd how to do him all the honour that might be : Thefirft
decree that the Councel of State made, was, that at all occafions of
meetings, helhouldhave the precedence of the King. That he
(hould make cntrie into the Palace in the form of State, as the Kings
of SpM'at do in the firft day of their Coronation. That he fhould
have one of the chief Quarters of the Kings Houfe for his lodgings,
one hundred of the Guard to attend him, all the Councel to obey
feim,a$thcKing$ownperfon. Allprifoncrs were releafcd, the new
Proclamation
itnecrnivg tie Princes arrival there, &c. 1 5
Proclamation againftexcctfe in apparel revoked, and fundry other
arguments of jof. Buc a wonder laftcth not but for nine daies.
This univerfal joy was grounded upon hopes, that the Prince came
not onely'to fetch a wife, but alfo to make himfclf a ^tholitjne. The Sajyonfo?
Pope incited him hereunto by Letters, which his Nuntio delivered.
He fent a charge to the inquifitor general, to ufe all pofiible diligence
herein. Many procefiions, and (hewes were made to ftirre him. But
theyfoon faw how improbable it was to win him, how amongft all For
hisfervants there was not one Catholique about him: what flight God be
efteem they made of the Churches, and Religion here ; fome com-
mitting irreverent, and fcandalous actions in the Kings own Chappel,
fo that they began to behold the Engliih with an ill afpect,to inveigh
againft tiui.Co*dedeGH*dom*r, thathe {hould inform the King and
State, that the Prince had a difpofition eafie to be wrought upon to
be made a Catholique. Adde hereunto the ill offices that the Irifb do,
who to prcferve themfelves in the Spanifb penfion did prejudice the
bufinefle, by cafting afperfions upon the Englify, the mis-information*
of the pcrfecution in their Country, and in Jiw^/Wnotwithftanding
being here, and the abufe of the Ambafladours lervants in London.
When the Prince came,there wanted nothing for the final contam-
ination of all things but the difpenfation, which came twomoneth*
after. And whereas it was expected to come abfolute> and full; it
came infringed with Cautions and limitations.^. That the Infanta
{hould not be marritd till matters in Engird were in perfect execu-
tion ; that in cafe the King of England could not give fufficient fccu-
rity,the King of Sp*i himfelf (hould fwcar, and undertake the oath
for him. Hereupon a Jtmt oof Divines was appointed to determine
hereof, Whether the King might do this with a fafe Confcience or
no. Thefe Divines went gravely and tedioufly to work j which put
the Prince upon that impatiency, that he was upon point of depar-
ture. When at laft the bufineflc came to a refolution, and fo the
Match was publiquely declared. The Prince had then often (though;
publiquely) acceffe to the Infant*, the King being ftill himfelf pre-
fcnt, and in hearing. Afterthts a Ratification was fent for from
Rome, but the Pope dying in the interim, and the new Pope falling
fuddenly Tick, it could not be fpeedily procured. For want of this
Ratification there was no Contract made, and the Prince himfelf
feemed not to defire it. A little before his departure, the King and
the Councel of State, with the Patriarch of the Indies, the Prince-
Prelate, after the Bifhop of Toledo, (who is under age) fwore to- all
the Capitulations, fo that the Prince feemed to depart well fetisfiedl
1 6 The Ctpy &{ A Letterfent from Spain, &c.
The King brought him to the /cw*V, and a little before his depar-
ture, the King and he went into a clofe Coach, antf had a large dif-
courfe together, (ray Lord of Briftol being in another Coach hard by
to interpret fome hard words, when he was called.) And fo they
parted with many tender demonftrations of love. A Trophy of
Marble is erected in the place where they parted. Many rich Pre-
fents were given on both fides. The Prince beftowed upon the Queen
the biggeft Crown Pearl in the world between two Diamonds. He
gave the Infiwt* a rope of Pearl, and an anchor of great Diamonds,
with many other Jewels. He hath been very bountiful to every one
of the Kings houfe, and all the Guard. Never Prince parted with
fuch an univerfal love of all, He left every mouth filled with his
Commendations; every one reporting him to be t truly Noble,
difcrcet, and vrell deferving Prince. I write what I hear,and know,
and that without pafiion , for all he is the Prince of my Coun-
trey.
My Lord of Buckingham at firft, was much efteemed, but it lifted
little; hisFr^garb,withhisftouthaftineflein negotiating, and
over-familiarity with the Prince, was not liked. Moreover, the
Councel of Sf*in took it ill, that a green head,(bould come with fuch
a fuperintendent power to treat of an affair of fuch Confequence,
among fo many grave Minifters of State, to the prejudice of fo able
and well- deferving a MinifterasmyLordof n[/?c/,who laid the firft
ftonc of this building. Hereupon his power was called in queftion,
and found knperfed: in regard it was not confirmed by the Councel.
Thus the bufmefie began to gather ill bloud between Otivartz., and
him, and grew fo far out of fquarc, that unlefle there hid been good
beads to peece them together again, all might have fallen quite off
the hinges. He did not take his leave of theCeuntefie of Olivare*,*
and the farewel he took of the Conde himfelf was harlh ; for he told
him, he would be an everlafting fervanttothe King of Spat* , the
Queen, and the Infanta, and would endeavour to do the bed offices
he could, for the concludingof this bufineffe, and Strengthening the
amity between the two Kingdomes ; but for himfelf, he had fo far
disobliged him,thac he could make no profeflion of friendship to him
at all. The Conde turned about,and faid he accepted of what he had
fpoken, and fo parted.
.Since his Highnefle departure,my Lord of Briftol negotiates clofely,
he is daily at the Palace to attend the Infanta, and he treats by means
of the Countefle of Olivtre*.
There is a new Junto appointed for the difpofing of the Infanta's
affairs,
r.T
i # Mtjejtles 16 the E4rl of Briftol.
affairs, aijd we hope here, that all things will be ripe againfl the next
Spring to bring het over. And fo I reft, &c.
Prow Madrid. 30. Scptcmb. 1623.
Hit iJMtjefits te the Earl 0/BriftoI,
Jan. 21. 1625.
WE E have read your Letter addrefled to us by Buckingham^
and We cannot but wonder that youfhould through for-
getfulneffe make fuch a requeft to us of favour, as if you flood ea-
venly capable of it, when you know what your behaviour in Spain
deferved of Us, which you are to examine by the obfervations We
made, and know you will remember, how at our firft coming into
Spain, taking upon you to be fo wife as to forcfee our intentions to
change our Religion, you were fo far from difTwading us, that you
offered your fervicc, and fecrcfie to concur in it, and in many other
open Conference* preffing to (hew how convenient it was for us to
be a Reman Cathcliqtte, it being irnpoffible in your opinion, to do any
great adion otherwife j how much wrong, difadvantage, and dis-
fcrvicc you did to the Treaty, and to the right and intcreft of our
dear Brother, and Sifter, and their Children ; what difadvantage, in-
convenicnce,and hazard you intangled us in by your artifices, putting
off, and delaying our return home. The great eftimation you made
of that State, and the vile price you fet this Kingdome at, ftill main-
taining, that we under colour of friendfhipto Spain, did what was
incur power againft (hem, which (you faid) they knew very well.
And laft of all , your approving of thofe Conditions, thatour Ne-
phew fhould be brought up in the Empcrours Court, to which Sir
Walter 4fto* then faid, he durft not give his Confent for fear of his
head ; you replying to him, that without forne fuch great aftion,nei-
thcr marriage nor peace could be had, &c.
Lord
Lord Conway to t&e
March 21. 1625. b)
CMy Lord,
1 Received a Letter from your Lordfliip dated the 4 th of this month,
^written in anfwer to a former, which I directed to your Lordfhip by
his Majefties Commandment. This laft Letter (according to my du-
ty) I have (hewed unto hisMajeftie; who hath perufed it, and haih
commanded me to write back this unto you again. That he finds
himfelf nothing fatisfied therewith j the queftion propounded to
your Lordfhip from hisMajeftie was plain and clear, Whether you
did rather choofe to fit ftill without being queftion'd for any crrours
paft in your negotiation in Spain, and enjoy the benefit of the late
gratious pardon granted in Parliament, whereof you may have the
benefit; or whether for the clearing of your innocency (whereof
your felf, your friends, and your followers are fo confident) you will
be contented to wave the advantage of that pardon, and put your
fclf iato a legal way of examination for the tryal thereof ? His Ma-
jetties purpofe hereby is not to prevent you of any favours the Law
hath given : but if your affurance be fuch as your words and letter
import, hcconccivcthit ftands not with that publiqueand refolute
pfofefiion of your integrity, to decline your tryal. His Majeftic
leaves the choyce to your fclf, and requires from you a direft anfwer,
without Circumlocution, or bargaining with him for future favours
beforehand.
But if you have a defire to make ufe of that pardon which cannot
be denyed to you, nor is it any way defired to be taken from you ;
His Majeftie expeds, that you fhould at leaft forbear to magnifie
your fervice, and out of the opinion of your own innocency caft an
afperfion upon his Majefties Juftice, in not affording you that prefent
fulnefTeof liberty and favour which cannot be drawn from him, but
in his own good time,and according to his own good pleafure . Thus
much I have in command to write unto your Lordfhip, and to require
your anfwer cleerly and plainly by this Mcflenger fent on purpofe for
it, Andfo,&c.
Zfc.
/
19
> we Lord Conway,
4. March, 1625.
My Lord,
T Received your Letter of the 25. of February , and therein a Com-
^mandment from his Majeftie, and in his Majefties name to make a
cleer and plain anfwer, Whether I defire or reft in the Security I am
now in, and to acknowledge the gratious favour of his late Ma jeftic,
and of his which now is, who have been pleafed not to qncftion my
actions, &c. Hereunto I have laboured exactly to obey, but find
that a plain and clear anfwer cannot pofiibly be made,untill there be
a cleer undcrftanding of the thing propounded fo that I may crave
pardon if my anfwer be not fo cleer as I could wifh it: for I rauft
freely acknowledge, that I no way underftand what is meant by the
fecurity I am now in, whether it be by the prefent eftate I am now in,
or not : If it be fo, I conceive a man cannot be under a harder Con-
dition; for your Lordftiip knoweth, that by order myperfonis rer
ftrained , and you were pleafed lately to fend me word, that you
would notadvifemetomakeufcof the liberty which his late Maje-
ftie had given me of coming to Lon&on, although that were onely to
follow my private affairs, and for the recovery of my decayed health.
I ftand likewife prohibited to come to the Court, or to the Kings
prejencc, ( I pafle by my being removed from all my places, and offi-
ces, and wholly depending upon his Majefties royal pleafure.) But
being a Peer of this Realm, I have not onely by Commandment,been
formerly ftayed from the Parliament, but of late, my writ hath been
detained, as though my honour were forfeited. And this is truly the
Condition I am now in, but I cannot imagine that this is the fecurity
intended I fhould reft in ; but am in hope, that the fecurity intended
is, that I may for the future enjoy the liberty of a free Subject,and the
priviledges of a Peer of the Kingdom. Which being fo, I (hall with
all humility acknowledge his Majefties grace and favour, and be rea-
dy to ferve him with all fidelity even to the laying down of my life,
not thinking it to ftand with the duty of a Subject to prefle his being
queftioned, fince fuch being the pleafure of his Soveraign, it were
not in the power of any fubject to avoid it. But in cafe his Majeftie
(hall be pleafed to bring me to any legal tryal , I fhall moft willingly
and dutifully fubmit my felf thereunto, and doubt not but my inno-
ccncy in the end will be my beft Mcdiatour for his Majefties future
favour. And in that Cafe I am a fuitor that my Writ of Parliament
as 4 Peer of this Realm may be fent unto me, and chat my prefent re*
Da
The E< 0/Briftol to the Li. B'ijbof of Lincoln,
pair to London may not difplcafe his Majeftic ; As for the pardon of
the 21 . Reg. l*cobi t which you mention, I fhould renounce, but that
I know that toe jufteft and mod cautious man living, may through
ignorance or omiffion offend the Lawes 5 fo that as a Subject I (hall
not difclaim any benefit which comcth in the general as it doth ufi>
ally xo all other Sub/efts in the Kingdom : But as for any Crime in
particular, that may trench upon my imployments in point of Loyal-
ty, fidelity, or want of affection to the King or State, I know my in-
nocency to be fuch,that I am confident I fhaUnot need that pardon.
I (hall conclude with a mod humble fuit unto your Lordfhip, that out
of your noblenefTe, and that friendship that hath been betwixt us,
you Will ufe your bed endeavours both with his Majeftie and the
Duke, that this unfortunate bufinefle may be pad over, by the re-
newing whereof I can fee little ufe that can be made but the adding
to a mans misfortunes already fufficiently humbled ; For I am ready
to do all that a man of honour and honeftie may do j but rather then
to do any thing that may be prejudicial to me in that kind , to fuffer
whatsoever it (hall pleafe God to fend. And fo with the remem-
brance of my humble fervicc unto your Lordfhip, I recommend you.
unto Gods holy protection, And reft
Skerborn Lod ge, , Tow Lordfiips kumblefervant,
&c.
Briflol.
Here next follow the Letters of my Lord of Briftol concerning
the bufinefle of the Match.
ibe E. of Briftol to the Lo.d Bijhop of Lincoln,
Aug. 2.0, 1623,
M) very Worth} Lord t
IGiveyou many thanks for yourLettcr of the 23 d .of 7/;,by which
I underftand your great care of me, by fecondinga former mo-
tion it pleafed your Lordfliip to make, of having me reconciled to my
tord Dukes favour, (A thing which I have infinitely defired ) and
have cirecmed the good offices you have been pleafed to do therein,
as a very high obligation your Lordfhip puts upon me. But I con-
ceive your Lordfhip will find chat any motion you have made in that
kind:
The E. of Briftol to the Lord tiifhof of Lincoln. 2 1
kind untp his Grace hath been defpifcd, rather then received with
any thankfulnefle^ or that he hath returned you any anfwerof his
inclination thereunto. For the truth is, my Lord doth look down
upon my poor Condition with that fcorn and contempt, that I con-
jedure the very moving of any fuch thing, efpecially under the term
of reconciliation, hath not been pleafing unto his Lotdfliip. But
thereof your Lordfhip can make the beft judgment by the anfwcr you
received from him. I do but guefle thereat, by what I have heard he
hath been pleafed to fay,and the manner wherewith he hath ufed me.
Which hath been fuch, that the Spaniards thcmfclves (which moft
afflided me) have out of companion pitied me. Yet I may with
much truth affure your Lord (hip, that I have not omitted towards
him either any refped or fervice that was fitforme to perform, ei-
ther towards his perfon, or the high place he holdeth in my Mafters
favour, or unto his prefent imploymcnt ; well knowing how unde-
centandfcandalousa thing it is fortheMinifters of a Prince to run
different way es in a ftrange Court, but have attended him in all his
publique audience, and ufed in all kinds that refped and obfervance
towards him, that I think malice her felf cannot charge me with an
omifiion. And my Lord, this is the truth, whatsoever may belaid
or written to the contrary : It is true, that fome four moneths fincc
in a bufinefTe that no lefle concerned his Majeftie and the Prince's
fervice, then abruptly to have broken off all our Treaty^ I was far
differing from my Lords opinion ; And thereupon happened betwixt
us fomcdifputein debate of the bufinefTe, but without any thing
that was perfonal , and there was na creature living at it but the
Prince, to whofe Cenfure I (hall willingly refer my felf. In me I
proteft it unto your Lordftiip, it made no alteration, but within half
an hour I came to him with the fame reverence and refpeft that I
was wont to do,the which I have continued ever ftncejb that I have
much wondered how it cometh to be fo much fpoken of in EngUnd^
that my Lord Duke and my felf fhould live here at too much diftance.
And I cannot find any other reafon for it, but that every body hath
taken fo much notice of my ill, and contemptible ufage, that they
think it unpofiible for any Gentleman, but to be fenfible of it. But
if any one difrefped, or omifiion from me towards my Lord Duke
can be truly inftanccd in by any man, I will be contented to incur his
Majefties high difpleafure, and your Lordfhips Cenfure.
For the prefent Newcs here, it is, that the ninth of this Monctfr,.,
the Prince intcndeth (God willing) to begin his journey for England.
And the day before, I conceive the Contrad will be, The Inf**M is
V
The E. 0/Briftol to the LwdBifttp ^/Lincoln,
to follow in the Spring, and the Prince hath commanded my flay
here. I know not how things may be reconciled hefce before my Lord
Dukes departure, but at prefent,they are in all extremity ili,betwixt
this King, and his Minifters, and the Duke, and they ftick not to pro-
fefle, that they will rather put the Infanta headlong into a Well,
then into his hands. I write unto your Lordfhip you fee with much
freeneffe, and I intreat you let it remain with you. And fo in much
haftc I onely intreat your Lordfhip to believe, that you have not
living an honefter, nor a true hearteder a friend, and fcrvant, then
Your Lordfhips ever to be commanded,
BrifoL
E of ftti&oltetfa Lord Bi/bopef Lincoln,
24. of Septemb. 1623.
My ftngnl*r Lord,
I Have difpatched this Bearer my fervant r/Z? with the draught
of the temporal Articles, which I hope will be to the King and
Prince his fatisfadion, and he will let your Lordfhip have a fight
of them.
Since the departure of the Prince , there have every day parted
Letters of extraordinary affection between the King, and the Prince;
and the love that is here generally born unto the Prince is fuch , as
cannot be well believed by tbofe that daily hear not, what paffeth
both from the King and his chief Minifters. And to fay the truth,
his HighncfTe hath well deferved it; for in the whole time of his be-
ing here,hc hath carried himfclf with the greateft arTability,patience,
and conftancie > and at his departure with the greateft bountie, and
liberality, that I think hath been known in any Prince in our times*
And I proteft unto your Lordfhip as a Chriftian, that I never heard
in all the time of his being here, norfinceany one exception taken
againft him, unlefle it were for being fuppofed to be too much gui-
ded by my Lord Duke of Buckingham, who is indeed very little be-
holding to the Spaniards for their good opinion of him,and departed
from hence with fo little fatisfadion, that the Spaniards are in doubt,
that he will endeavour all that (hall be poffible to croffe the Mar-
riage ; Wherein certainly they are very much miftakcn ; For my
Lord
TfaE. 0/BriftoI U tfa lord Btfoptf Lincoln.
Lord cannot but be obliged a fervant for any particular diftaftes of
his own to cfolfe toe advancement of his Ma/cftie, and the Prince's
fervice, efpecially in a bufincfle of fo high Confequence as this.
It may be yourLordlhip will hear many Complaints, and that the
Match never was, nor yet is intended I befeech your Lordlhip to
give little belief in that kind, and the effects will now fpeedily de-
clare the truth, if the fault be not on our fide. It is true that the
Spaniards have committed many errours in thejr proceedings with the
Prince ; but the bufineflc is now by the Prince overcome, if we our
felves draw not back: For which I confefle I Ihould be heartily forry,
and fo I conceive would moft honeft men j for if this match, and the
alliance with Spain hath been fo long defired by his Majeftie,and that
for it he hath heen pleafed to do fo much, and the Prince to take fo
hazardous a voyage, if all the famereafons arc yet on foot, which
have ever moved the King and Prince to wiih the match ; if to this
may be added, that his Majeftie hath overcome all the difficulties on
his part, and that both he, and the Prince do ftand ingagedfor the
performance of it, as far as Princes ran be, God forbid, that any
particular diftaftes, or misunderftandings (which God knoweth have
little relation to the bufinefle) (hould be of power to difturb it, efpe-
cially now, when the Match is pad all danger of mifcarrying , the
portion, and all temporal Articles fettled, and I hope to the Kings
Content, and all other good effects that could be expected by this
allyance in a very fair way, I hope there will be no caufe of doubt in
this kind ; if there (houidbe, I amfurethat your Lord (hi p would
put to a helping hand to keep the bufinefle from being overthrown,
fince you have done fo much for the overcoming of former difficul-
ties^and the bringing it to the pafTe 'tis now in. If there be no caufe
of writing this, I befeech your Lordlhip to impute it to ray zeal to
the bufinefle, and my frecnefle wich your Lordlhip, upon whofe true
love and friendship I fo much rely, as 1 (hall not forbear to tell you,
any of my fears. I hope within 3. daies Sir Franci* Coitington will
be able to begin his journey towards your Lordlhip. He will tell you
many truths, being on my knowledge, as hearty a fervant and friend
as 'tis poftibie for your Lordlhip to have. He hath told me how
much I am bound to your Lordlhip for your love, and favour , and
truly I will deferve it the beft I can, and that I think will be onely by
loving you, for otherwife I conceive I am like to have little means of
meriting at any bodies hands, yet at your Lordlhips it may be I may, .
by being a man of honcfty, and honour : And fuch an one I will la-
bour
V
2 4 The of Briftols Letter to the Prince ,
hour to be, and your affectionate friend and fervant. And fo I kiffe
.your Lordftiips hands.
Lftladrid, &C.
TheE. $f Briftols Letter to the Prince, touching the delivery
of his Proxie to the Kingof Spain.
it fie nfe jour Highttejfe,
JN this Letter I (hallonely fpeaknnto your Highneffe concerning
that particular whereof you were pleafed to write unto me after
your departure from St. Lorenzo, and haveprefumed to fetdown
exactly the cafe as it (lands. In what fort a woman betrothed , and
foft <JM.atrimonittm ratum , may before the Confummation of mar-
riage betake her fclf unto a religious life; I have likewifc fet down
unto your Highnefle all forts of fecurity, that cnay be taken before
the betrothing for the preventing of any fuch courfe in the parties,
that are to be betrothed. Tothis your Highnefle mayaddeany
other you can think of, for that the King, and his Sifter, and all the
Minifters profefle fo really the punctual andprefent performance of
all that is capitulated with your HighnefTe ; That they will refufe no
kind of fecurity , that in rcafon can be demanded in this behalf: fo that
your Highnefle may fet down, whatfoever you think this King and
his Sifter may do with decencic, and honour, and they will be ready
to perform it.
I muft now crave leave to fpeakunto your Highnefle like a faithful
plain fervant, which is, if your Highnefle pleafurebetohavcufc
.made of the Powers you have left in my hands ; I no way doubt, but
in this particular fuch fatisfaction will be given, as will appear rea-
fonable to all the world. But if your Highnefle defire, that thefe
Powers (houldnot be ufed, they may be detained upon other juft
reafons which will arife in the treatie of the temporal articles. And
I doubt not but the Depoforio's may be deferred for fome few daies
upon other fair pretexts. But thefe inconveniencies I conceive will
follow. Firft it will be of great difcomfort to the Infanta, who until
the Defoforio's are paft, is not her own woman, but muft be governed
by the pleafurc of the Jttnto t which I think (he is very wearie of, nei-
ther till then may (he declare her felf to be yours, nor Comply with
your
meting the deHwf tfhk Pnxh tot fa King of Spaim 1 5
.yourHi^heffe in anfweringof your Letters, and Meffages, and gi-
ving you thofe rejects, and Comforts, whicji I know (he would be
glad to do. But if (he (hould any way judge, that the delay of the
1)cpoforios {hould arife from your Highnes part, I conceive (he would
take it moft heavily.Secondly,it will certainly raifc great jealoufies in
fhis King, and his Minifters, and retard the rcfolutions, that are tit to
be'takcn with fpeed for the putting in execution that which is capi-
tulated.I therefore offer it unto your Highnes wifdom, whether upon
the fatisfaction, which they will give in this particular,which will be
whatfocver you can defire ; and upon the agreement of the temporal
articles your Highneffe would upon the coming of the Popes appro-
bation make any farther fcru pie in the delivering of your Highneffe
powers ; If I (hall, I am confident they will not preffe it, as not de-
cent for the womans part to urge the hafting of the Marriage. But
I conceive it will caftfuch a cloud of Jealoufieand diftruft upon the
bufmeffe, that befides the difcontent and affliction, which I know it
will give the Infanta (which moft worketh upon me,) it will fodif-
ordertbebufineffe,thatitwillmakeaftandin your whole proceed-
ings, and preparations, wherein they now go on chearfully, and con-
fidently, and I conceive will punctually perform all that they have
capitulated with your Highneffe. I dare not fo much as give my felf
leave once to queftionyour Highneffe intentions of proceeding to
the real effecting of the match, which makes me dcfirous that all
things may be executed, that may any way retard or difturb it. Only
I (hall like a faithful poor fervant prefume to fay thus much to your
Highneffe ; That for divers years paft, I know the King your father,
and your fclf, have held this the fitteft Match in the World, and by a
defire of effecting it, your Highneffe was induced to undertake that
hazardous journey of coming to this Court in perfon. In the time
of your being here, (admitting that their proceedings have been in
many things unworthy of you.) And that divers diftaftes have
grown by intervenicnt accidents; Now things are reduced to thofe
terms, that the Match it felf is fare, the portion, and the temporal
Articles fettled (I hope to the Kings liking and yours) And all other
good effects that could be hoped for by this alliance, are in a fair
way. If to thefe reafons may be added, That on his Majeftie and
your Highneffe part, you have already paffed by, and overcome the
main difficulties j and your Highneffe by your journey hath fatfsfied
your felf of the perfon of the Infanta, God forbid, that either any
perfonal diftaftes of Minifters, or any indifcreet, or paffionate car-
riage of bufineffcs (hould hazard that, which his Majeftie and your
E Highneffe
2 rbe E. <f Briftol to tke Prlnct m Higbmffc.
Hi'ghneffe have done fo much to obtain, and whereby doubtleiTe fb
much good, and peace is to accrew to Chriftcndou by the 'effecting
of it j and contrariwife fo much trouble and mifchief by the mifcar-
rying of it. Befides the individual happineffe of your Highneffe in
fach a Wife, which the World fuppofeth you infinitely eftcem for
her perfon. And for her Birth and Portion is no where to be mat-
ched ; And queftionleffe for her vertue,and fettled affection to your
Highneffe deierveth you better then any woman in the World. I
humbly crave pardon for writing unto your Highneffe in this man-
ner, which I hope your Highneffe well enough knowes, neither the
benefits I have received from Spain, nor their grateful ufage of me
upon occafions (nor I proreft unto your Highneffe any other earth-
ly refpect) moveth me unto it, but the zeal, and love I bear to your
fcrvice, for which I (hall ever undervalue any thing,that may concern
my felf. And therefore I (hall conclude by intreating your Highneffe,
that if you would have things go well, that a Port may inftantly be
difpatched back unto me, authorizing me to deliver the (aid power
upon the arrival of the difpenfation, and having taken fitting fecu-
ritie in this particular point. And this I carneftly befeech your High-
aefle may be done with all poffible fpecd and fecrefic j and that the
mbaffadours may not know that ever there was any fufpen-
fion made of the delivery of the powers. In the interim I will find
means if thedifpcnfation come for 20, or 24 daies to alledge fomc
other fair pretexts for the deferring of the Depoforiot j But herein I
defire I may know your Highneffe refolution with all poffible fpecd,
&c. And fo with, &c.
SriftoL
The M. of Briftol to the Prince his Highm[fe,
Septemb. 24. 1623.
\7\/Hcn your Highneffe (hall remember, that your Highneffe
V V being herein perfon, it was not poffible in leffe then a
moncth,to get that difpatcht which you were promifed Mr. Secretary
Cottington mould have carried with him, if your Highneffe would
have but frayed him 24 hours ; I hope you will pardon your fervants
although they fometimes miftake in the time, which they limit for
the procuring ef the difpatch of bufineffe, efpecially if they depend
upon
- . J >
- '/ ' 7
?. 0/Briftolffe trlwettt
. upon the difpatches, that arc to be procured from them. I have
thefe i o.' dales hkd Grtify iiva readinefle to depart, having every day
expe&ed a refolution from the Junto. Firft in point of the portion,
and fince In the daics of payment, andatlaft I have received theic
anfwer in them both, in fuch fort as your HighnefTe will fee in the
paper inclofed, which is an extract of the heads of the temporal Ar-
ticles that we have ag-eed, although I have onely confented unto
them dtbenecff^ until I (hall receive his Majefties approbation and
yours : In the point of the portion, I have had a tough and a knot-
ty piece of work, by reafon that not onely the Conde de Otivtre*,, but
all the jfcr0were abfolutely ignorant of what had patted in the late
Kings time, which I forefaw, and that was the caufe that I moved fo
earneftly at the Efcurial, to have the Conde de (jondomtr remain here.
They made many prefidents to be fcarched, and found that the two
mititonj demanded was four times as much as ever was given with any
daughter of Sptin in money. They alledgedthat it would be faid,
that the King of Spain was fain to purchafe the friendfhip and alliance
of England; that this would be fuch aprefidcnt, as that Spain here-
after muft marric no more daughters. lonely infifted that it was a
thing, by the laft King fettled, and agreed with me, that this King
had by feveral anfwers in writing to me undertaken to purfue the
bufineffe as it was left by his father, and to make good whatfoever he
had promifed. And thereupon defired that the original Papers, and
Confultos of the laft King might be feen , which very honcftly by the
Secretary Ciric* were produced, and appeared to be fuch, that I dare
fay there was not a man that faw them, that doubteth of the laft
Kings real intention of making the Match. And queftioniefle this
had been the ufefulleft occafion to have difavowed former proceed-
ings, and I was refolved to put them to it. But both the King and
his Counccl upon the fight of what had been promifed by his father,
prefently took refolution to make good the two millions , onely to
remonftrateuntohisMajeftiethe vaftneffcof the Portion, and to
defire him to confider how far the King had ftretchcd himfelf in this
particular forhisfatisfadion. And therefore, that he would have
Consideration of it in fuch things for the future , as might be trea-
ted of be: wixt them, and their Kingdoms. As for the daie* of pav-
ment,I infifted to have had half a million upon the Depoforios, half a
million to be carried along with the Ifatt, and the other million at
their Fleets the two next years after by equal portions. But I have
now received the Kings anfwer in this particular , which your High-
neffewillfccintheeaclofed paper; as iikcwife what I have do*
E 2 therein
The Sari of Briftol to tfa T>ukt 07 Buckingham.
therein by the Copieof the difpatch, which I now write about it to
Mr. Secretary. So not having any thing more & add 1 concerning
this particular, I recommend your highnefle to Gods holy pro-
te&ion> &c.
E of Briftol to the Duke of Buckingham,
Decemb. 6. 1623.
M*y it fleafe jour Grace,
THe prefent eftate of the Kings affairs requireth the concurrencie
of all his fervants, and the Co-operation of all his Miniftcrs r
which maketh me defirous to make unto your Grace this tender of
my fervice, that if there have happened any errours, or misunder-
ftandingsyour Grace would for that regard pafle them over : and
for any thing that may perfonally concern my particular, I (ball la-
bour to give you that fatisfa&ion as may defervc your friendftiip.
And if that (hall not ferve the turn, I fhall not be found unarmed
with patience againftany thing that can happen unto me. And fo
wtthing, that this humble offer of my fervice may find that accepta*
tion as I humbly defire, I reft
Your Graces moft humble
Madrid. iervant,
Brijtol.
Tit E. of Briftol to Secretary Cottington,
Apr. 15, 1623.
Good Mr. Secretary Cottington,
-*"T" v Here is no man living knoweth better.thenyour felf,how zealoui
A I have been unto the Prince's fervice, and whilcft I thought he
defined the MatchJ was for it againft all the World. Now the Trea-
tie is ended, the world (hall fee I never had, nor will have any affecti-
ons of my own, but will wholly follow my Maftcrs, as I have written
unto
4-/ 2
The E. of. Bnftol in Secretary Coctingtoru 2 9
unto you.in my former Letters, and have not thefc four moneths
fpoken a word in ftie marriage. If his Majeftie and the Prince will
have a waj, I will fpend my life and fortunes in it, without fo much
as replying in what quarrel foever it be. And of thus much I intreat
you let his Highnefic be informed by you. And I intreat you let
me know his directions, what he will have me do, and how to be-
have my felf, for I abfolutely caft my felf at his feet, which I defire
to do the firft thing after my landing, to the end that underftanding
hispleafure, I may commit noerrour. I befcech you todifpatch
this bearer back unto me withal poflible fpeed, though it be with not
one word more, but what the Prince will have me do, wherewith I
(hall come muj ConfrUAo. I underftand that I have been much bound
to the Prince for the procuring the 4000 1. to be payed, and for my
Penfion.
I pray prefent unto him my moft humble thanks: and I con-
fefle T have been much more comforted with that demonftrati-
on of his favour, then I can be with the money. I doubt not but at
this time I (hall have the effects of a real friendship from you in this
particular. And fo defiring to have my fervice remembred to my
Lady Cottingten, I reft
Poitiers. Yours, &c.
Brijlol.
I Pray move the Prince, that one of the Kings Ships may be pre-
fently appointed to waft me over ; For I have a great charge of
of the Princes with me.
W. Greijl) met me within 10. ports of Burdeattx, and ispafledon
to Mtfoid, I think he (hall find the Blandortes for his Highnefle in a
readinctfe, for W, Stone takech care of them, and hath the money
in his hand
Tt*
Tit E. 0/Briftol to his Mqejlie 27 July, 1 614.
I
May it pleaft your mof excellent Afajtflie,
Hope your Majeftie will not be difplcafed that I continue unto
you that moft humble and juftfuit, which I have often made unto
yourMajeftie, and your Majeftie hath been often gratioufly pleafed
to promife, which was that I (hould be no waies JefTened, or dimi-
niihed in your Majeftics favour, and good opinion, until you (hould
be rirft pleafed gratioufly to hear me, and my Caufe. And although
your Majeftie for juft refpefts, hath not been pleafed hitherto to ad-
mit me into yourprefencc, which lefteem an infinite misfortune to
Hie : Yet I hope that time will no way confirm thofc imprcfiions of
difpleafure, which I do no way doubt, but will be fully cleared, when-
foeverl (hall be fo happy as by your Majeftie to be heard. For I
take God to record, that I have faithfully and honeftly ferved you,
and exactly purfued your ends to the bcft of my underftanding, and
abilities. And I do no way doubt but your Majeftie will in the end
protect fo faithful a fervant as I have been, and (hall appear to be to
yourMajeftie. And in the interim my moft humble fuit unto your
Majeftie is, that fince I am neither admitted my fclf, nor any man elfe
will fpeak any word in my defence, or juftification, your Majeftie
according to your Jufticc, will let nothing that may be faidof me
redound to my prejudice in your gracious opinion : For it (hall be
found, that I will in all things wholly conform my felfunto your
Majefties will and plcafure. So wifhing unto your Majeftie a happy
journey, and a fafe return with the increafe of all hapinefle, 1 hum-
bly, &c.
Your Majefties, &c.
London.
Bnfol.
Here next of all follow divers Difpatchcs and Letters from
Sir writer Afion to the Duke.
Sir Walter Afton u the Dttke.
MAJ itpleafcjour Gr*ce t
T Have received fo much comfort by the care which I fee in your
J grace to cake all occasions to honour.and favour me, that I (hould
be
)
\ydttt
i Sir \ydtt Afton u tbt T>kc.
brglad fifit were pcrffiblc)inmy affection to your perfon, and in my
defire to ferva yOtyJW your grace might fee fomething in me above
what you cold find in any other fervanr. What an honeft thank-
fuineffe can be, I am, and what an honeft fervanc can yield you, (hall
be ever vigilant in me to fervc you. Since the departure of the laft
poft (by whom I wrote lately unto your Grace) my Lord of Bri-
ftol hath had audience with this King (taking me along with him) to
whom his Lordihip reprefented the K ing our Matters defire con-
cerning the Palatinate in conformity to what his Ma jcfty hath com-
manded by his late letters, we arenow Soliciting to haften this kings
anfwcr, which we hope we (hall (hortly fend unto hisMajefty, and
there is no diligence omitted by my Lord of Briftol, nor my felf(that
we can think on)to negotiate fucb an anfwcr, as may be tohismaje-
fties good liking. The Difpatches from Rome are not yet come, but
by letters which they have lately received from the Duke of P*ftr*n*' y
it is advertized, that all things are concluded, and that he would
fend them away within a few dayes. By my Lord of Brifols Letter
to hisMajefty, your grace will underfhnd the refolution, which his
Lord (hip hath taken concerning his proceedings upon the arivalof
of the difpaches from Rome : his Lordftiips hath communicated with
mehisMajeftics Letter, and defired my opinion concerning chcre-
folution,which he had taken,whercin I have concurred with his Lord-
fhip, not understanding it any way to be differing in fubftance from
hi Majefties directions jthe altering of the day mentioned in his Ma-
jefties letters being onely the changing it from a time when the pow-
ers are of no force, to a time when they maybeofufe : the putting
of any thing in execution in the one time, or in the other, depend-
ing upon his Majefties, and his Highne(Tes further directions. I
have hitherto underftood, that his Majefty and his highoeffe have
really affected this match,and have laboured faithfully to fecond their
defires with my mmoft endeavours. There is none I am fure a bet-
ter witneffe then my felf of the affection which your Grace hath
born unto it, which I have feen remain conftant through many tryals.
And therefore until I underftand the contrary from your felf, I muft
believe that your defires are the fame, which I have feen them. I muft
ever fpeak my heart freely unto your Grace,and confcfs that epon the
letter which I recciyed from his Highefle, and upon the fight of his
Majcfttes to my Lord of Briftol^ I have been jealous of his Majefties
heart and his Highne(Te,that they are not that to the match which
they have been ; but thefc arc but diftrufts of my own,and not founda-
tion fufficiem to flacken or cool thofe Diligences wbiri I daily per-
form
Sir Walter Afton te fk tyke.
form in conformity to his Majefties, and his HTtghnefTe Command*,
and to what remains apparent of thetr.defires. 1 Cball therefore hum-
bly defire your Lordfhip to open mine eyesa,nd if I am out^of the way
to fet me Straight, for I have no affedions of mine own, but what
agrees with my Matters, and will everfubmit with all humility my
felf, and my judgment onto his Majefties wifcdome ,and faithfully
labour to ferve him accordingly to what I (hall underftand to be
his will and pleafure. But until! I know by your Graces favor by
what Compafle to guide my Courfe, I can onely follow his Majefties
revealed will ; and will once take the boldnefle to reprefenc unto
your Grace in difcharge of what I owe you thefe Considerations,
which my defire to ferve you, forceth from me. I do look upon your
Grace as a perfon infinitely provoked to be an enemy to this match,
and believe, that you have had reprefented unto you many rcafons,
{hewing how much it concerns you to feekto break it, with all the
force you have : But I can neither believe, that the errour of one
man can make you an enemy to that, which brings along with it fo
much happineffe and content unto his Majeftie, and his HighneSTe :
nor that your Graces judgment can be led by thofe arguments, that
under the colour of fafety, would bring you into a dangerous laby-
rinth. Your Grace hath given noble teftimonie,how little you have
valued your own fafety in refpect of his Majefties fervicc, and there-
fore I affure my felf you would contemn all Confiderations concern-
ing your felf, that might hinder the advancement of his Majefties
ends. In the proceeding to this Match,there is the fame convcnien-
cy to his Majeftie, that ever hath been, there is the fame Lady, the
fame portion, the fame friendship defired, they profeffing here an
exact: complying with what is capitulated, and arefolution to give
bis Majeftie Satisfaction in whatfoever is in their power. From your
Grace none can take away the honour of having been the principal
means by which this great bufinefTe hath been brought to a Conclu-
fion. And whatfoever others may fuggeft againft your Grace, the
Infanta truly informed , cannot but underftand you the perfon to
whom (he owes moft in this bufinefle. Your Grace, and the Conde
Olivart*,, have fallen upon different waies, that which concerns the
honour of the King our Mafter, being different to that, which he un-
derftood concerned moft his Mafter, your ends were both one for
the effecting of the Match, and with the Conclusion of it, he cannot
but better underftand you. Would your Grace would commit it to
ray charge to inform tbe Infanta what you have merited, and to ac-
commodate all other miftakes here concerning the proceeding. If
your
J
; Sir Writer Afton to tie Erie.
.your Grace would reconcile your heart, I would not doubt, but with
the Concfufion of<*he Match to compofe all things to your good fa-
tisfadion, and to bring them to a truer underftanding of you, and
of their obligation unto you. InwhataSeaofConfufionsthebreak-
ing of this alliance would ingage his Majeftie, I will leave to your
Lordfhips wifdom to confidcr of, it being too large a difcourfe for a
Letter,
I will therefore onely deiire your Lordfhip to confider, that even
the rnoft profperous War bath misfortune enough in it to make the
Authour of it unhappie : of which how innocent foever your Lord
fhipis. the occafions that have been given you, will ever make you
liable to the afperlion of it. This I write not unto your Grace as
thinking to divert you from what you are falling into ; for I am con-
fident your heart runs a more peaceable way : but I am willing, that
youfhould fee, thathowfoevcr others fhould be inclined to carric
you into this tempeft, it concerns you, in your care of their happi-
nefle, and your own, to divert them from it. I humbly defire your
Grace to pardon this errour of mine ( if it be one) which I can ex-
cufe with the affeft ion, and infinite defire, which I have to fee you
ever happie and flourifti.
Concerning my felf, your Gr ace knowes my wants, and I doubt
not but your Care is what I could wifli. I (hould be glad when you
have done with Peter wjcb to fee him difpatched away with fome fup-
plies unto me, which I (hall be in extream want of by Chriftmajfe y my
debts befides in EngUnd being clamorous upon me for fome tatisfa-
ftion. I leave all to your Graces care and favour, Ever rcfting
Tour Gracts humhlffl and mofl bowd
ftrvant,
Wa: Afton.
Poflfcript.
THcCondefftQfOlivtrt*' bids me tell yon , that (he kifle* your
Graces hands, and doth every day recommend you particularly
by name in her prayers to God.
Sir
Sir Walter Afton t6the"Dh, ij.l^vcmb. 1*23.
itpletfe jour grtct,
MY Lord of Briftol intended to have difpatched away a Poll
unco his Majeftie this night with the advice of the arrival of
the difpenfation, which came to this Town the 12 th . of this moneth,
hoping that he fhould have been likewife able to have given to his
Majeftie, and his HighnefTe a clear account of all things concerning
it. But the deliverie of the Queen this morning ( who is brought to
bed of a daughter) hath flopped all negotiation, and I believe it
willbethefe two daies before he can be ready to fend him away.
There is no noveltie (as I yet underftand) that is come with the
difpenfation ; there will be fomething defired for better explanation
of his Ma jefties, and his Highnefle intentions , and fome omiilions
there are which as they underftand was his Highnefle intention
fhould have been in the Capitulation , they being promifed by his
Highnefle. But I do not find that chefe will be any ftop to the bufi-
nefle. For they do prcfle my Lord of Briftol very much to proceed
prefently to the Depoforios. Your Grace (hall underftand all things
more particularly by the next Poft. I do now make the more hafte,
forbearing to trouble you with other occurrences, left my Letters
come fhort of the departure of the Poft, as they did of his who was
laft difpatched from hence.
I do moft humbly dcfircyour Grace to continue the doing me
thofe offices that may continue me in his Majefties and his Highnefle
good opinion, and I doubt not but I (hall be ever able to kt your
Grace fee that you have not a more faithful fervanr, then he which.
your Grace hath moft bound to be fo, and that (hall ever remain
W.A.
The Lord Duke of Buckingham to Sir Walter Afton.
IN your Letter of the 5 th . of Dccember $ youdefire me to give you
*my opinion, nay ancient acquaintance, long cuftome of loving you,
with conftancie of friendfhip invites me to do you this office of good
wiJJ, and to fcrvc you accwdiflg to your rcqucft. And for your
more.
* 7h< Lord #j^6nckingham u Sir Walter Aftoni 3 ^
moreintire fatisfa&Hon , I will deliver the things in the paft and
prefent. Ycfu in inl the beginning of the treaty won to your felf a
good eftimation, while you were onelytt large in the treaty, and
had communication of the paflages from the Lord of r */?*/, a i by
courtefy : and in his abfence handled no farther in the treaty of mar-
riage then by direction from him. When the 'Prince was there,your
carriage gave hisHighnefle and my felf all fatisfa&ion.Now you muft
give me leave to put you in mind of the freedom ufed with you whilcft
we were ztAjadri^ and of the explanation,thc Prince made of himfelf
to you by his Letters from Sf. Anderas. From which you might
obferve,thc refcntment the prince had of their proceedings with him.
And by his HigbnefTc declaration to you from thence, you might
feebothhis care and refolution not to ingage himfelf into the mar-
riage without good conditions for the Pallatinatc, and Confecvation
of his honour every way. My care and my intentions were to move
increafe of honour to you, and to recompcnce by a good underftind-
ing to be layed in his Majeftie towards you,which I purfucd fo foon,
as I came to the Kings prefcnce. And the Princes confidence was fo
great in you, as he joyned you in the Commiffion, bcfidcs he decla-
red himfelf to you by his Letters,not leaving you thereby to guefTe at
his Ma jefties directions to the E.ofBrifto/, which he was to com-
municate to you. Now you may think how ftrange it was to the
Prince, and how much I wa troubled(not being able to make year
excufe)whcn your joynt Letters made known, how you had concur-
red wich the E*r/eof Brifol , to ingage his Highnefie by prefixing
a day for the 1)epoforios t without making certain the restitution of
the Palatinate and Electoral dignity,the portion and temporal articles.
Which proceeding of yours with the Earl of #n/?0/ was found er-
ftood by the Lords of the Committee,as they took refolution once,to
advife hisMajeftie to revoke both the Lord ofBriflo/ J and you, upon
thofe grounds, which you will underftand by his Majcftics own Let-
ters,and Secretarie Cow4jrLetters written to you with this difpatch.
I was not able atfirft by any endeavour to oppofc the refolution of
your revocation, fo far had you caft your felf into mifconftrudion,
and given flop to the progrefTe of your own advancement. But with
confTant induftry and time , I have won this point, of qualifying
all ill opinion of yon, and furterance of your continuing there. So
as it will be now in your power(by your Carriage) to come off with-
out reproof. And I (hall hope to overcome the reft with time, to
to bring you again to the condition of honour and recompence. Be-
ing confident that fince you fee your own errour,and acknowledge it,
F a you
The V. of Buckingham KtirYAfar Afton.
von will be careful by a ftiff and judicious carriage to warrant all
your prefent aud fucceding actions. If you think ac firft fight I
prefTe you a little hard upon this point, you may be pleafed to inter*
pret it to be a faithful way of fatisfying your requeft,and expreflion of
my affection to have you to do all things fuitable to your jvifdome
virtue and honour , and according to the wiihes of
Yours, &c.
G- Buckingham.
The Duke of Buckingham to Sir Wa. Afton.
1 Had not leifurcinmy former difpatch, being haftie to write the
M reafon why I wondered at^the crrour you commited inthelaft
difpatch of my Lord ofBriftolt and yours , for the matter is, that his
Majeftic having plainely written unto you both in his former di-
fpatch, that he defired to be affurcd of the restitution of the Pa!ati-~.
nate, before the Depoforittm was made, feeing he would be forrie to
welcome home one Daughter with a fmiling cheer,and leave his own
onely Daughter at the fame time weeping and difconfolate. And
the Prince having alfo written unto ydu,that he never meant to match
there, and be fruftrated of the reftitution of the Palatinate fo often
promifed, that notwithftanding this clear Language, you (hould
have joyned with my Lord of B-rife/'m a refolution of fo haftie a de-
livery of the Prince's TVwwV, before you had received his Majefties
anfwcr to your former difpatch, wherein my Lord of Bt iflol urged of
. his Majeftie a harfh anfwer and direction, and his Majeftie cannot
but take it for a kind of Scorn,that within 4-dayes after ye had urged
bis Majefties anfwer, ye (faouldin the mean time take refolutions of
your own heads. You may do well, bccaufe there is no leifurein
this haftie difpatch for his Majeftie to anfwer my LotdofBriftoh laft
Lctter(vvhich wil be done by the next duplicate of this fame difpatch)
to acquaint him in the mean time with this Letter^ which his Majeftie
himfelf bach dictated unto me. And fo in hafte I bid you fare-
well.
Yours,&c.
Sir \y alteration to the Dttkeof Buckingham,
Deccmb. 22. 1623.
it fleAfeyow Grtce,
T Have comitted to the truft and fecrefic of this bearer Mr.
1 (whom I find your Graces faithful fervant)certain advertifemcnts
to be delivered by him unto you ; which as one that (hall (God wil-
ling) in all things (hew himfclf your pafiionate fervantjcould no
way conceale fiom you. And howfoever your Grace may have
many advertifemcnts from hence(che relations that come from Eng-
land giving occalion to many difcourfes cenfuring the Prince, and
your Grace) yetl hope to be fo vigilant, that there (hall hardly be
any refolution taken by thefe Minifters which may have any reflexion
onyourPerfon, that I (hall not one way or other get notice of, and
advertize unto you.
I have in all things with fo much affection defired to fervc your
Graee every way to your fatisfaftion, that it hath infinitely afflict-
ed me, that I fhould have done any thing, whereby I might leflen
your favourable opinions towards me, but I hope your Grace hath
by this time fet me itraight both with hisMajeitie, and his High-
neffe, and reftorcd me to the lame place in your affection, which
I have formerly had. Which I am the rather confident of, fince I
cannot accufe any action, or thought of mine, that hath not born to-
wards your Grace all poffible refpect and love. I found by experi-
ence here, that the favour which by your Graces mcanes I received
from his HighncfTe, and that which you were pleafed likewife to ho-
nour me withal, had raifed me many enemies ; And I have reafon to
feare upon this occafion, there may be fome, that well be bufie to do
me ill offices with you j but I trnft fo much upon my own finceritie,
that as I never made any fecond weanes unto your Grace , but have
everfingly depended upon the conftancie of your good nefle to me,
finding my fclf the fame that I have ever been, I make no meanesto
rcfift fuch injuries as others may offer to do me, but continue depend-
ing wholly upon that goodneffc, and juftnefTe, which I know in your
Grace, and which I aflure my felf will never fail me. I have not
been fo careletfe a Servant of your Graces, as not to have debated
over,and over with my felf, how far the proceedings or breaking of
the prefent treaty here might concern your Grace, which I nave
difcourfcd largely to Mr.C/^r^ thinking them of too large a body
to be contained in a Letter, but I (hall in all things fubmit my felf to
your better wifedomcj And when you (hall pleafe to impart unto
or,,
M /- > OC/1
\ ;
A tMemoritl give* ft Z^%itig of Spain.
me, wherein his Majeftie, and his Highneffe fliV 1 be beft ferrcd,y<5ur
Grace fhall find in all my a&ions, that my arTcdio^ with all obedi-
ence dial run the fame way,and that my proceed ings,(hall have thofe
refpeds in them towards your Grace, as you may expeft from your
faithful Servant. And fo, &c.
Your G. &c. |
W.A.
The Copy efa Memorial given te the King 0f Spain,
1 9. Jan. 1623. StiLVet. Tranflated.
SIR,
SI R Walter Afon Embafladour of the King of great SrittAin faith,
That the King his Matter hath commanded him to reprefent unco
your Ma/eftie, that having received fo many promifes from hence to
procure the intire reftitution of the Palatinate^nd Electoral dignitic
to the Prince his Son in Law, He commanded his EmbafTadour to
prefle your Majcftie with ail diligence, that the faid promifcs might
take effect, not as a condition of the marriage, but dcfiring infinitely
to fee fettled together with the marriage, the peace and quiet of his
Son in Law, his Daughter, and Grandchildren; and having under-
ftood that this his defire hath received an interpretation far differing
from his intention, hath commanded him anew for the greater de-
monflration of the defire which he hath to preferve the good Cor-
rcfpondence with your Majeftie, to declare unto you, that he hath
not propounded the faid rcftitutions as a condition of the marriage,
but according to that which he underftood was moft Conformable
with the intention of your Majeftie, declared by the CondedeOli*
vare-zfor the fureft, and moft effectual means to make the amicie,
which is betwixt your Ma j'efties firm and indiffoluble, and that there
might not remain any doubt or matter hereafter, thatfhould caufe
difpute,he hath required that every thing might be fettled under your
Majefties hand, defiring itlikewifc for rfie greater comfort of his
onely Daughter, and for to make the coming of that moft excellent
Princefle of more efteem unto his Subjects, bringing with her (be-
fides the glory of her own vertue, and worth) the fecuritie of a per-
petual peace, and amitie, and an cverlafting pawn to his Kingdomes
of the conftancie, and real performance of your Majeftics promifeJ,
with
Afton /* *
with fach'ratkfadioJtohis hopes grounded the faid promifcs, not
'asaConditio^,T>iJ/frshefruit and blefling of the alliance. More-
over he faith, Trtat the King his Maftcr hath commanded him to
make this Declaration unto your Majeftie, that you may know the
truth and the found intentions of his proceedings, with the good end
to which it aimes, having renewed the powers, and deferred the de-
livery of them onely to give time for the accomplifhing, and fettling
that which hath been promifcd for the fatisfying his expcdations,and
affuring the amitie betwixt your Majefties Pcrfons, and Crowns; the
King his Matter hoping that your Majeftie will likcwife lay hold of
this occafion, which you now have in your hand to give him full fa-
tisfaftion in that, which with fo much reafon he defircs, and there,
withal a reciprocal, and evcrlafting bleffiog to both your Majefties
Crownes.
Sir Walter Afton te tie Duke, 22, effort*
Stil.Vet.
Ma) it flc*fe}ottr Grace,
HOwfoever upon the arrival of W.Greijlej, I took the occafion
of the ordinary, the day following to acknowledge unto your
Grace the Comfort which I had received by your Letters; under-
ftanding by them the favour which you had done me, in diverting
from me his Majefties, and his HighnfcflTe difpleafure: I (hall not-
withftanding intreat here leave by the fame means by which I recei-
ved fo much happinefTe to renue my humble^ and moft thankful ac-
knowledgment unto your Grace. I moft earneftly intreat your Grace
to look upon me here as a fervant that loves you in his heart,and that
ihall faithfully in all things Comply with what you can exped from
fuchanone, and that therefore you will be pleafed to preferve me
fiill in the way, how I may fcrvehis Majeftie^ and his High neffe to
their Concent,and perform towards your Grace thofe offices of a fer-
vant, which may be moft to your fatisfadion. For I am now here
in a dangerous time, in the grcateft bufinefles, that have been trea-
ted of many years , and the bittereft ftorms threatening betwixt thefe
Crowns, that have been thefc many ages. I have therefore no hope
to fave my felf without I be guided by his Highnefte,and your Graces
trufts and care of me.
The Marquefie of Tnoif* hath lately advcrcifed hither, That he-
40 Sir Walter Afton
hath feveral times defired to have private audik -cc with his Majeftie,
and hath not been able to procure any but wh&t> ur Grace affifts at.
It is likewife advertifed unto this King and his Minifters, that your
Grace hath many meetings with the Sea Captains, and that your
Counfels are how the War is to be made againft Spain. For the
avoiding of unneceflarie repetitions, I do here inclofed fend your
Grace a Copie of my Letter to Mr. Secretarie ContoAj^ wherein you
will find a relation of all things that are come to my hands at this
prcfent, that may any way have reflection unto hisMajcfties fcrvice.
And this is the courfe which I intend, and conceive moft convenient
to hold hereafter with your Grace, without you command me the
contrary. Inthefaid Copie your Grace will find a difcourfe of what
hath lately pafled betwixt my Lord of Briftol, and the Conde of Ott-
vMrtz. in the Tardo. Now that I may more fully difcharge my dutie,
I have thought fit here to acquaint your Grace ,that fince the putting
off of the Depoforios at a meeting that my Lord and my felf had with
the Covde, he did make a folemn proteftation, that if the Treatie of
the Match did ever come on again with effeft, it fhouid onely be by
his Lordfhi ps hands, and no other. I then underftood it, and ftill
do, but for a frothy proteftation, yet have held it my dutie to adver-
tize it, having patted in my hearing 5 the truth is, that my Lords an-
fwer was in Conformitie to his laft in the Ptrdo, every way rejecting
it, faying. That he had rather be confined to any Town in ^4frte\ue^
then that h is perfon ihouldbe any hinderance to the Match. Thus
forbearing to trouble your Grace any farther, with my hearty pray-
ers unto God for the continuance of his bkiTings unto you. I reft
Your Graces , &c.
W.A.
Sir Walter Afton to Secretary Con way, 22. Jan. 1623.
Right Honourable ',
BY the return of this Bearer Mt.GreiJlej, you will underfland of
the fafe coming to ray hands of your difpatch of the 3 o th . of the
laft moneth, with his Majefties Letters therein inclofed. I do now
herewith al fend an account unto his Majeftie of my proceedings
upon his Commands, which I do intrcat your Honour to be pleafed
to
Sir Waltf" '.fton u Secretary Conway.
to prefent uii! him <tsalfo farther to acquaint his Majcftie, that I
have already fpok .1 with divers of thefe Minifters, and given them
fuch a declaration of his Majefties good intentions in the prefiingat
this fealon for the reftitutions of the P*latinate t znd Electoral dignity
unto the Prince his Son in Law, as I have order to do by the faid Let-
ter, but do find they are here fo poflefled with the ill relations they
receive out of England^ that I with much difficultie can fcarce give
them any kind of fatisfaftion. I have acquainted the Condc OlivArc**
with the anfwer, which your honour, and Mr. Secretarie Calvert had
received from their Embaffadours touching their audiences, the
Conde himfelf having formerly acquainted me with their Complaint.
His anfwer now was, That he underftood they had acknowledged
unto your Honours to have received from his Majeftie in that point
all kind of fatisfadion, but that after you were gone the Marqucfle
of Tuoifa wrote a Letter to Secretarie Ctlvert , telling him, that he
did not well remember himfelf, of what had parted at his being there,
but had iince called to mind, that he had procured fome audiences
with the Prince with much difficultie. To which I anfwered the
Conde, That it feemed the Marquefle was very light of his advertife-
ments, to give fuch informations as might breed ill understandings
betwixt Princes, and efteem them of no more Confequcnce, then to
forget what he had advertifed with fo much eafc. Concerning that
malitious report here raifed of the Prince's treating a marriage in
France. I defire your Honour to let his Majeftie know, that it is ad-
vertifed hither out of /Wasa thing fo certain, that there is not
a Minifter of State (excepting the Conde of Gondomur) that hath not
given fome credit unto it. I have therefore according to his Ma-
jefties directions given fuch declarations touching the author and
believers of ir, as your Honour in his Majefties name hath comman-
ded me. I have likewife received by Mr. Greifl) your Letter of the
3 1 . of the laft : In anfwer of which, all that I (hall need to fay here
unto your Honour is, that my Lord of Briftol hath received your
former Letter, acquainting him with his Majefties pleafure concern-
ing the fame bufinefle, from whom his Majeftie will receive an ac-
count thereof. This is all that I have to fay to your Honour at this
prefent touching thofc particulars mentioned in your Letter ; I (hall
now here further acquaint you with fuch advertifements,as I conceive
may any waies have reference unto his Majefties fcrvice. My Lord
of Briftol, and my felf repairing fome few daies fincc unto the Pardo^
having conference with the Conde of Olivarez,, his Lordfhip acquain-
ted the Conde with the Letters of revocation, which he had received
G from
Sir Walter Aflon tt ?*#** Conway?
from his Majeftie, and withal defired that ht would procure fcim
licence to take his leave of the King. The CM**, ^.ni wered his Lord-
(hip, That he had much to fay unto him by order from his Majeftie,
the fubftance of hisfpeechwas ; That they had received large ad-
vertifements out of Engltm^ by which they undcrftood the hard
meafure that he was there likely tofuffer by the power of his ene-
mies, and that the onely crime, which they could impute unto him,
was for labouring to effecl: the marriage, which his Matter could not
but take much to heart, and held himfelf obliged to publifh to the
world the good fervice that my Lord had done unto the King of great
Brinam ; and therefore for the better encouragement likewife of his
own and all other Minifters that (hould truly ferve their Mafters, he
was to offer him a blank paper ligned by the KiBg,wherein his Lord-
fhip might fet down his own Conditions,and demands ; which he faid
he did not propound to corrupt any fervantof his Ma jetties, but for
a publique declaration of what was due unto hisLordfhips proceed-
ings. He faid further, that in that offer, he laid before him the
Lands, and Dignities, that were in his Mafters power to difpofe of ;
out of which he left it at his pleafureto choofe what eftate,or ho-
nour,he (hould think good,adding thereunto fomc other extravagant
and difproportionable offers. My Lords anfwer was. That he was
very forry to hear this language ufed unto him, telling the Conde^
that his Catholique Majeftie did owe him nothing, but that what he
had done was upon the King nis Mafters Commands , and with-
out any intention to ferve Sf*in. And that howfoever he might
have reafon to fear the power of his enemies, yet he trufteJ much
upon the innoccncyof hisownCaufe, and the Jufticeof the King,
and that he could not underftand himfelf in any danger: but were
he furetolofehis head at his arrival there, be would go to throw
down himfelf at his Majeftiesfeet and mercy, and rather there die
upon a Scaffold, then be Duke of Infantad* in Spain. On the 1 6 th . of
this moneth, there was declared here in Councel a refolntion of this
King, to make a journey to his frontier Towns in Anda/tt^iii, with an
intention to begin his journey upon the 29. of this moneth Stil. Vet.
And as I am informed his Majeftie will there entertain himfelf the
greateft part of thefe three moneths following; fo that his return hi-
ther will not be until the beginning of <JM*y. .My Lord of Bnflol
hath fent di vew to the Con&e for leave to difpeed himfelf of the King,
but in refpecl: of his Majefties being at the P Wo,hc hath been hither-
to delayed, and hath yet no certain day appointed for it : But I con-
ill be fomctime this week. TheCaufe of the delaying of
his
Sir Walr*- afton to Sefreiavy Conway. 43
Ms Lordftiip: <dmitr .*ice to the King,a9 I undcrftand is,that the fame
day that his Lordft pliiall declare his revocation to the King, they
will here in Councel declare the revocation of the Marquefie of
Tnoifa. Howfoever in refpeft of the Kings departure, ( at which
time they ufe here to embarge all the mules, and means of carriage in
this Town) I believe his Lordfhip will not begin his journey fo foon
as he intended.
All the relations which are lately come out of England do wifh
them to entertain themfelves herewith no farther hopes, that there
is any intention to proceed to the Match ; and this advice comes ac-
companied with fuch a report of the ftate of all things there , that
hath much irritated all thcfe Minifters, and let loofe the tongues of
the people againft the proceedings of his Ma jeftie, and HighnefTe. I
labour as much as I can , and as far as my directions will give me
latitude^ to give them better underftandings of the real intentions of
his Ma jeftie and Highnefle : but divers of them cleerly tell me, That
J pro fefle one thing, and the aftions of his Ma jeftie and Highneffe
/upon the which they muft ground their belief) arc differing from
it. I (hall therefore here in difcharge of my duty advertize your
Honour, that they do here exped nothing but a Wa r , about which
they have already held divers Councels, and go ferioufly to work,
preparing themfelves for what may happen. Which I defire your
Honour to advertize his Ma jeftie, being high time, as far as I am able
to judge, that am here upon the place, that his Majeftie do either rc-
folve upon fomecourfe for the allaying of thefeftorms; or that he
go in hand with equal preparations. Having obfcrved in former
timcs,the ftrange rumours that have run in g/Wupon fmall foun-
dations j I have thought it fit to prevent the credit which may be
given to idle relations by advertizing your Honour that I cannot con-
ceive how any great attempt can be made from hence this year- how-
foever bufii.efles (hould go. The Squadron of the Kings Fleet (un-
der the Command of 'Don Fadriquede Toledo) is come into Cadiz.,
and joyned with that which Don Juan Taxardo is Captain of. And
as I am credibly informed, this King will have by the end of tsfpril
between 50. and 60. Gallions at Sea. It is true that other years the
number commonly falls (hortof what is expeded, and their fetting
forth to Sea fome moneths later then the time appointed, but there
is extraordinary care taken this year, that there be no default in nei-
ther.
The chief end (that I can underftand) of this Kings journey being
to fee the Fleet of Plate come in, to take view of hi? Armado,and fee
C 2 them
Sir Walter Afton it* fa
them put to Sea. That which I underftand is elvj? r : a K Y e of the [
Marriage here is, thai the Jewels, which the IV^HCC -left with this
King for the Infanta and her Ladies, are not yet returned, but it is
intimated unco me, that if the Letters which they (hall receive out of
England upon the anfwer they have given to his Majeftie about the
bufineffe of the Palatinate be no better, then fuch as they have lately
received, they will return the Jewels, and declare the bufineffe of the
Match for broken. I (hall therefore intreac your Honour to know
his Majefties pleafure how I (hall carry my felf,if they be offered unto
ine, being refolved in the mean time untill I (hall know his Majefties
pleafure, if any fuch thing happen, absolutely to refufe them. The
Princefle fome few daics iince fell fick of a Calentara, of which (he
remaineth frill in her bed, though it be faid (he is now fomewhat bet-
ter. I will conclude with many thanks for your friendly advcrtize-
ments concerning my own particular, which (God willing) as far
as I can, I willobferve, and do earneftly intreat you, that you will
pleafe to continue the like. favours unto me, which I (hall highly
efteera of. And fo with a grateful acknowledgment of my obliga-
tions, I reft
Your Honours, &C.
WA. Afton*
Sir Walter Afton to the Lord Conway.
Right Honourable t
1 Have advertized by former difpatches, that the Parliament here
had granted unto this King -60 millions of Duckats to be paid in
12 years, which with 12 millions which remain yet unpaid of what
was given the King at the laft Sefiion, this King was to receive 72
millions in the 12 years next following. I (hall now acquaint your
Honour, that there are only 19. Cities that have voice in this Par-
liament, and that each of them do fend hithertwo/V0zW0r<>.r, (as
they call them hcrej but thcfc have no power finally to conclude any
thing, but what is agreed on by them is to be approved of by the faid
Cities or the greateft number of them before it have the force of an
Ad of Parliament, and that therefore there hath been all pofliblc
art ufcd to procure the Cities to confirm what hath been granted by
their ProfUHubrfs touching thetfo. millions j and it is here thought
that
'
' W J
Sir Wab""Mon te th Lord Conway. 45
that one or ... Ctr ot''<;s of this Kings journey was, hoping by the
authority of his pr .encc to procure the confent unto the faid gift of
the 4. Cities which he is to pafle by in this journey, namely Cordova^
Sivel y Joen t zr\&Granado, it being here doubted, that the faid Cities
might make great oppofition to the faid grant, notwithftanding his
Majeftie hath not had fuch fuccefle as was expected. But Cordov*
which was the firft City with which his Majeftie began, hath abfo-
lutely rcfufed to give their Confent, letting his Majeftie 1 underftand,
though in as fair and refpe&ful terms as they could exprefie them-
felves, That it was a demand impoffible for them to Comply withal.
What the fuccefs of this may be is doubt ful,W0t/* having given but
an ill example to the other Cities, and yet it is rather believed here,
that the greateft number of them being under the Command of fuch
as are either this Kings fervants, or abfolutely under his difpofe, that
his Majeftie will be able to overcome the bufmefle, and they are now
bufie how to fettle the manner of the leavie of the faid fum by yearly
and equal portions.
They having found here divers inconveniences in their new Go-
vernment of ^Portugal by way of Governours, are refolded to place
Vice-Kings agaia there. And for to gratifie the Emperourhave
eleded for that charge his third Brother Don V/ar, who is prefent-
Jy to make his repair thither. On the 27 th . of the laft moneth, my
Lord of firiftoltook his leave of the Queen and the Infanta, and on
the Sunday following being the 29. of the faid moneth, his Lordftiip
delivered unto me the Powers which his Highneffc left with him, and
ihofe which have been fince fent hither. His Lordftiip is preparing
for his journey, and faith that he is already in fuch a forwardncffe, as
upon the arrival here of Mr. Grcifley, or any other from EngUnd^
whereby he (hall receive means for the taking up of moneys here, he
will prefently put himfelf upon the way. The Queen here fome few
daies fince fell fuddenly ill, and fwooned two or three times, but her
indifpofition lafted not above two or three daycs ; Her Majeftie is
now (thanks be to God) very well again. The King having received
advice thereof intended (as it is faid ) to come prefently poft hither,
but upon better news, his Majeftie proceeds in his journey, and for
any thing that I can underftand, it will be May before his return to
this Town.
There are lately thrown abroad in this Town divers Copies of a *
Proclamation pretended to be published in Ireland bearing date the
27. of January laft. It hath made a great noifc here, and diver* of
their Minifters have fpofcen with me about it, they conceiving it to
Sir Walter Afton to the Zj^o
be contrary to what hath been lately Capitulat^- ^ n - my part, I
have been able to give them no anfwer, not ka~\^ yet underftood
from your Honour, nor any of his Majcfties Mimfters, of any fuch
Proclamation. I have feen the Proclamation as it came printed
frem thence, and do here inclofed fend your Honour a Copy thereof,
defiring you that you will acquaint his Majeftie therewithal, that he
may be pleafed to Command therein what to his wifdotn (hall feem
fit. To thofe that have fpoken with me about this Proclamation
(having firft difclaimed the having had knowledge of any fuch thing)
I have ufed difcourfes of mine own touching the abufes of thofe
which are called titulary Archbiftiops, Biftiops, &c. letting them un-
derftand here, that if thofe kind of people have been bufie (here to
plant fecretly their Government, they have far exceeded the favour
which was promifed them, and given his Majeftie juftcaufcto give
order for the reformation.
My laft to your Honour was of the 7 th . of February laft by Albert
Rivas, whom I difpatched with all diligence to you, fincc when I
have received nothing from your Honour. I (hall therefore, &c.
Your Honours, &c.
w*. Aoit.
Sir Walter Afton to the Lord Conway
5 th . June. 1624.
Right
IN a former Difpatch which I lately made unto your Honour, I fent
unto you the Copy of a Letter, which I then had newly received
from the Secretarie Don Andreas de Prada, by which he advertifed
me, That the King his Mafter (according to what I had requefted by
memorial) had commanded, that all Englifti Commodities and Ma-
nufactures (which I have long fince advertized were prohibited by
cpremAticAs published here for the reformation of abufes) (hould en-
ter into thcfe Kingdoms. I have long fince performed divers dili-
gences my felf, both with the Secretary, and Prefident of Cafiite, for
the procuring a declaration of the faid order,being careful to prevent
fuch inconveniences as the King our Matters Sub jeds might fall into
for want thereof. But haying been toflcd up and down between the
Secretarie,
fi
Sit Walcer ^fton to the Lord Con way ;
Secretarie, .-ndthcr didentwith feveral dclayes, the one remitting
me to the other. repaired to the Conde of Olw&t*. ( fufpeding
fome novelty in ine bufinefle) and acquainted him, that upon the
receipt of a Letter fent me from the Secretary Dm AnArtu d*
Prada, concerning the free entrance of Englifti Commodities, I had
given notice by a Copy of the faid Letter unto the King my Matter
of what was therein Commanded, and had likewife advercifed the
Merchants that refidc in thefe Kinsdomes of the faid Order. I alfo
gave him account of the feveral diligences which I had performed
with the Prcfidcnt, and the Secretary/or the procuring a declaration
thereof, and defired that he would prefently command that there
might befuch courfe taken, that there (hould be no further de-
lay es ufed therein , fincelfhould be loath toiee the King my Ma-
tters Subjects encouraged by the faid Order to repair hither with
their Merchandizes, and fall into inconveniencies for want of notice
given thereof unto their Minitters in the Ports. The Conde fell into
difcourfes far from my expectation, asking mewhetheritwasnot
free for any King, in his own Kingdom, to Command his own Sub-
jects to wear what he pleafed, faying further, that the Englifti were
not prohibited to bring in their Commodities, but that the King his
Matter might command his Subjects to fpend theBayes, and other
Commodities of his own Kingdoms , and not to make ufe of thofe
that came from forraign parts, as to his wifdom for the good of his
Kingdoms (hould feem beft. That there ftiould be a fufpenfion of
the execution of the faid Pramattca's until S c . fames-tide y and ncr
longer. To which I anfwered, That I made no doubt of the power, ,
that every King had over his own Subjeds; notwithftanding where
it was articled betwixt two Kings, that there (hould be a free admit-
tance of each others Commodities unto their feveral Kingdomes,and
after a Command (hould be given prohibiting either of them unto
their Subjects the making ufe thereof, it could not but be underftood
3 defrauding and deluding of the Articles, and the true intention of
them: but I told him I came not to difpute this now, for the Secre-
taries Letter had deiired me to take notice of another refolution, .
therefore I defired, that there might be a fpeedy and publique decla-
ration made of what was therein fignified unto me : or if there were
any new refolution, that I might underftandit. To which he an-
fwered (pretending that he fpake it as a freedom which he ufed with
me) but came out with it in fuch a manner, as I faw he was full of it/
That the truth was, that they would proceed here, as they were pro-
ceeded withal in England. That the King my Matter had lately gi-
ven i
48 Sir Walter Afton to the Lo\ 4 Tonway .
ven leave to the Hollanders to tranfport ArtilleK out of !3ngland,and
had denied the like to their Embaffadours havin|^quired it; which
was (as he faid) diredly againft the articles of peace, wherein it was
Capitulated, That neither (hould affift with any kind of armes the
enemy of the other. He faid farther, That the Englifh had taken
0r;06,and there was no fatisfaftion given concerning that bufinefle,
nor appearance of any intention to do it, and concluded, That when
the Articles of Peace fhould be obfcrved to them, they would do the
like. I told the Conde I had not underflood any thing of thofe par-
ticulars which he mentioned, and therefore could fay nothing unto
him; neither thought I fit to give him any further anfwer, being
loath in a bufinefle of this importance, where the Articles of Peace
between thefe Kingdoms are in queftion, to do any thing at guefle,
but to advertife it to the King my Matter, and to proceed according
to fuch order as he (hall pleafe to give me, I do therefore intreac
your Honour, that you will be pleafedto acquaint hisMajcftie with
what hath parted, wherein I doubt not but his Majeftie will obfervc
the diftradion, and inconftancy of their proceedings here at prefenf,
in CoramandingjWhat his Majeftie will have found by this Secretaries
Letter, and taking prefently after new refolutions. After this lan-
guage which the Conde hath ufcd unto mc,I cannot exped any reafon
or juftice here,and the Merchants have many fuites depending where-
in they have received great injuries, whereof I have not hitherto
complained, becaufe I was in continual hope of procuring redrefle,
and their fuites proceeded on, I cannot fay as I would have wifhed,
but according to the ftile here, and in fuch manner as they have done
in former times. I doubt not but his Majeftie will therefore likewife
pleafe to coniider what a ftop there is likely to be here of all bufinefles
concerning the Commerce,and either proceed as occafion (hall there
be offered, in the like manner, or take fuch a Courfe for fettling
things in better order, as to his wifdom fliall fecmbeft. I have
fincehadfome overtures made unto me, that the faid declaration
{hall prefently come out, in the mean time I would not wiflvthat the
Merchants {hould adventure anything trufting totheir courtefie here.
By my laft unto your Honour which was of the 2o th . of May, 1 adver-
tized the advice which was given hither,That the Galeom,that bring
the Plate, were ujx>n the way for thefe parts; Since when there is
newes of their arrival at St. Lttcar, excepting two of them which pe-
riihed in their journey hitherward, the one fprung a leak in a calm,
day, and funk fo faft, that there were onely faved 52 men, the reft,
which were about 200. perfons, were all drowned, neither was any
of
Sir Wall** Afton to \kt twd Gonway^
of her frakSt faved, The other was their Admir**te t which corre-
fponds witn our V \ c- Admiral, which likcwife fprung a leak, but all
the men aboard were faved, and a good pare of her filvcr. There is
loft upon Regifter in thefe two Ships three millions, and it is thought
that there perifhed in them above a million in filver , and goods un-
regiftred.
Upon order that was lately fent unto the AJfiftente of *$Vz///,for the
perfecting the Grant of the Millions to the King by the faid City,
there being doubt made whether it was a lawful Conception, or no;
Tfic AJJiftente called together thofe, that had voices in the faid grant
of the faid Millions, and made a fpeech unto them, wifhing a general
Conformity to what his Majeftie had defired of them ; but the pro-
poficio n was very diftaftful unto the greater number, who little ex-
pefted to have heard chat bufinefle revived again. And the people
having gotten notice upon the breaking up of that meeting of what
had been there propounded , in a tumultuous manner ran after the
AJfiftcnte, who wa returning to his houfe, and hearing fuch a cla-
mour behind him, thought that the people had been difquieted by
fome accident, and ftayed to have appeafed them, but by the curfes
which he heard v and the blowes he received by the ftoncs which were
thrown at him,he quickly found againft whom the fury of the people
was bent, and fo made all the hade he could to his own houfe, which
at length he recovered fore wounded, and with much hazard of his
life.
The //& Priefts, and others of that Kingdome which refide in
this Court, begin to grow very bufie here, and do promifc great mat-
ters unto this King in the afiiftance which his Majeftie (hall find in
/rf/4</,whenfoever he (hall pleafe to attempt any thing againft that
Kingdome; but for any thing I can learn, there hath been as yet fo
little ear given unto them, that they have not defcended to make any
particular offer. But they arc treated here with much Courtefie,
Tjr-Convd being made a Page to the Queen, and the reft receiving
good fatisfadion. I will be as vigilant as I can to trace out their
fteps, and I hope I (hall be able to give feafonable advertizemcnt of
their proceedings. Howfoever lince fecret Councels may be held,
andrefolutions taken, which I may miffeof; I doubt not but the
King our Mafter considering the prcfent jealoufies, and diftaftes be-
twixt thefe Crowns, will be vigilant to fecure that Kingdom, that
there may be nothing negleftcd upon which they may here take any
fudden advantage. By the EngliCh Merchants that refide in MaUg* I
have received advice,that 3 , Scottijb Maftcrs of Ships have lately had
H a fen-
Sir Walter Afton tt tie LpJ Conway:
a fentcnce pronounced againft them by the\D. of M:
wherein their Ships and all their goods are c^jcated, for having
brought Hottand Commodities to that Port, anotiieir perfons con-
demned to the Galleys ; which notwithftanding their apellation un-
to the Councel of War here, f which ought to have been admitted
them) was prefently put into execution. The fame day that I rc-
ccived.thc advice, I gave in a Memorial to the Councel of State, rc-
prefeoting the rigorous and unjuft proceeding againft the faid Scot-
ti(h Mafters, and defired that they would fend their order, that the
Apellation might bt admitted, and that their perfons might be pre-
fently returned off of the Gallics. I likewife repaired to the Conde
of 0//*r**,acquainting him with the proceedings of the Duke, and
was able to give him fome examples of divers Hoffa*ders that had been
treated in the like occafion with far lefle rigour. Whereupon there
is Command given according to what I have defiredj and whatfoever
ihall become of their goods, I have a promife from the Conde of Oli-
varez, t that their perfons (hall be treated with all Courtefic. It is
publiftied by the Ladies of the Palace, that the Queen is with Child,
which hath filled this Court with much joy, and herMajeftiehath fo
much better health now upon her being new with Child,thcn (he hath
bad of the reft , that they are already here full of hopes that (he
will bring them a Prince, &c.
Ttttr HOMWS, &c.
Wa.Afton.
The Abftratt of 4 Letter fr&m Sir Walter Afton to the
Lord Conway, 1 7 . July, 1624.
HE acknowledgcth the receipt of his Ma jetties Letters of the 27,
of June by Mr. trjch, and is bufiein preparing to put thofe
Biredions in execution, and that being done, will give a fpeedy and
foil account. The Marquefle Tnoifa difpacched away a Port to Spain
fromCalice, and by him gave as malicious an account of his ufage
at his departure from England, and alfo of all other late paflages
there, as malice it felf could have diftated. He omits no libels or
infamous fongs, nor fpares his own inventions where they may fervc
toiflccnfc. The Credit they arelike to give to their Embaffcdour,
die.
Sir Wf '.-* Afton 16 the Lwd Conway.
the height of difcor nt they are now in, the aflurance given them
of the weak and r- .an eftate of all things in England may tempt them
to offer the giving us a blow, where we are weakeft. And therefore
no neceflary preparations for defence to be neglefted on our parr.
None of their Armado ftirres yet, but only 4. Gallions appointed to
accompany for fome dales the Nova Efyagn* Fleet that put to Sea the
fourth of this prcfent.
Sir w*lter Afton doubts, that the light he bath received of the pre-
fent ftate of things in England, and the Arguments to aniwer
their Objections will hardly be applyed to give any fatisfadion.
(things being in fo much diftemper there) And where the beft anfwers
on both fides are recriminations, he conceives little is to be expeded
butadired falling out. Thecaufe of their retarding ^MenJio^at
coming for England hath been their defire to fee the iflue of the pro-
ceedings with their Embafladour. All the Grandees, and principal
perfonsof Spain are fummoned to give their attendance with their
armeSjWhich is done by three Letters, i . Admtmtoria. 2. Apcrcibi-
torla. 3 . Executoria. The two firft arc already fet forth. And there
is order likewife given for the B<ttt*/on to be in a readincfle, which
is the fame as the Trained Bands in England. This is an ancient
pradife there upon fufpition of forraign invafion, or domeftique
Commotion. There are leavics new making according to cuftome,
for fupplying of Garrifons ; and though thefe Leavies ar greater
then uiualJy,yet not much worthy of note. An EmbafTadour arrived
there for Denmark; his coming being given out to be to negotiate
the bufinefle of the Palatinate, and to make overtures for a Peace
with Holland : but if nothing be heard of this in England, it is not
like to be true. A Rcqueft prefented unto the King by a Confult*
from the Inquifiter general, &c. to procure a fabi/efrom Rome for
expiation of the late great Contempt done by a Frenchman to the
Sacrament. The King promifeth to do it, and he, the Queen, and
the whole houfhold will endeavour to deferve it by fafting,and other
duties. In his anfwer to the Confulta there is a paffagc,that intimates
his intention of Jooking abroad with his armes. The Frenchman
was condemned, burnt publiquely, and dyed a Roman Catholique.
Therejiave been divers procefllons in expreflion of the general grief
for that adion. The King, Queen, his Brothers and Sifter, with the
Grandees, and the Councel went in proceflion about the two fquare
Courts of thePalace, where there were 4. Altars built, one by the
Kings care, the reft by the Queen, the Infanta, Cardinal, DonCarlos,
and Don* UMmw, who joyned in the care of one of them. The
H a greatcft
Sir Walter Afton
greateft riches of Diamonds and Pearls that -re :n che Churches
thereabouts, and in the Kings ftore were prclenu, 4 on thofc Altars,
and were at ten millions. They intend to difpatch one faqaeffe
Brones Secretary of the Counccl of Flanders t by poft into England to
bring Don Carlos warrant to come away, and to ftay Agent in En-
gland until the arrival of another Embafladour, which will not be
long. They ftay the giving out of the order for the free admittance
of Englifh Merchandizes, until they fee what will be done with their
Ships in the Downs, &c.
Sir Walter Afton to the Duke, 20. rf
O&ob, 1624.
itfletfe jour </rtfe r .
IAfluremy felf that your Grace is very confident, that I have not
only purfued the Complaint which I here made againft the Mar-
quefle of 7w/4 with the duty of a Miniftef in obedience to the King
ray Mafters Command, but as pafiionately interefted againft his per-
fon, who malicioufly attempted to ftatn (if it had been pofiible) the
honour of the Prince his Highnefle and your Graces my nobleft
friend. And certainly my Lord, I (hould be infinitely afflided in
not having brought this bufincfle to that iflue which I tbirfted after,
could I accufe my felf of having omitted any thing, that might have
fharpned them here againft him : But the Condt of O/ivArc* with a
Irrong and violent hand hath delivered the MarquefTe from any ex-
emplary punifhment, which would certainly have been infli&ed upon
him, had he been left to the Councel of State, and without care either
ofthcKinghisMafters honour or engagement, hath faved theMar-
qucfle, and left the envy of it upon his Ma jeftie, if the King ourMa-
fter will fo pleafe to underftand it.
In my laft unto your Grace which was of the 24 th . of the laft
monetb, I humbly intreated you to procure me his Majcftics leave to
return into England for fomc few moneths,which fuit I do here again
renew unto your Grace. Howfocver inrefpeft of this novelty ia
the Marquefle his bufineffe, I will forbear putting my felf upon the
way until I hear of the receipt of this difpatch : fince ihis Majcftie
ihall pleafe to give any demonftrations here of his fence of their
unworthy proceedings, I would be loath, that thofe Commands
(hould
Sir V Jter Afton to the Duke.
fhould find me out r the way : with the remembrance of my duty,
I reft
Your Graces, &c.
W*. Aon.
Sir Walter Afton u the Duke the io th . of
Dccemb. 1625.
it fletfcyottr Grtce,
THc Portugal Armado put to Sea on the 1 2 th . of the laft moneth
Stil. Vet. It confifts of 22. Ships of War, 4. Victuallers , and
two fmall Pinnaces of Advice : There goeth in it ncer upon "4000.
LandSouldiers. From Cadiz I have now frelh advice, That <Dvn
Frtderiqtte is ftill in the Port, with the Fleet which he Commands,but
himfelf and his men all embarqued. That Armado confifteth of fomc
35. Ships of War, and about 8000. Souldiers, and both the Fleets are
victualled for 8. moneths. That of Portugal had firft order to ex-
pect Don Trederique at the Cape St. Vincent^ but hath fince received
command to proceed on the journey. It being now 27. dayes fince
the Fleet departed, and this remaining ftill in the Harbour, dotrrgivc
me much caufe of jealoufie : efpecially underftanding, that they have
here advice, (which they give credit to) that the Troops lately de-
livered to Count Mansfelt are fenc to fuccour Breda, fearing (if it be
fo) that they laying hold of it as a breach of the Peace (which inter-
pretation I meet within every difcourfe) fhould prefently fall with
this Armado upon fome part of Ireland. I hare no farther ground
for this diftruft,then what I have here reprefented,which your Grace
weighing with the importancy of their enterprife in hand for the re-
covering the E*ja, and.the occafions that will be given them ffcom
England, dobcftknow what rigid judgment to make. Sitbence I
wrote my other Letter unto your Grace, (which accompanies this)
I underftand the French Embafladour by order from the King his
Matter, hath given account unto this King of the Condufion of the
Match betwixt the Prince his Highnefle, and Madam Chriftiatt his
Matters Sifter. Whereupon this King, and the whole Court put on
Gtlas : I conceive (howfoever I have not heard any thing thereof
by any Letter unto me) that this is ground enough to Congratulate
with your Grace this good beginning which I (hall
54 Vr* Williams tutk T*h.
wifti may in the fuccefle in all times prove a hap^inefs to his Highiies
and a particular blefling to your Grace. The C0<_ QiGomkmnr hath
newly received aCommand from the King his Mafter(fignified unto
him by the Secretary Don Andreas de Prada) to put himfelr prefently
upon the way for England, which he hath anfwered he will obey,
howfoever I believe he will keep hisCbri/lMtffe here.Mr. ##*/*/ whom
your Grate Ufc here placed with this King meets often with fuch dif-
courfes in the Palace,thac as a faithful fervant to your Grace,he hath
no patience to bear , which he hath reafon to believe will in a (hort
time throw him out of thisConrt,which he would be glad to prevent,
if he might have your Graces command to return,bcing infinitely de-
firous that your Grace would difpofe otherwife of him. I will con-
dude with the fame fuit for my felf, there being none that hath more
need of comfort from your Grace, I beft know, that I have no way
defcrve*d any change or decay in your Graces favour towards mc,ha-
ving not been flow in upbraiding this Nation with their obligations
to your Grace, and their ftiameful ungratefulnefle, nor without a
coaftant,and paffionatedefire to fervc your Grace every way to your
content, if your Graces Commands would but direct me what to do,
I do therefore reft confident of your care and goodncfle towards me.
And fo with my prayers co God to continue his blefllngs upon you,
I reft
> c ood Your Graces, &c.
u/.ui T5f!jj:::'i c ur!,!.r!jvfiv?'yr: ; - vjU-ir.ql"
W. Afto*.
IJM fi .vn-jo'i'.j . ^ -u-.^-j
Dr. Williams to the Dxke.
My mojt noble Lord,
IT hath pleafed God to call for the Bifhop of Land**. I am fo
confcious of mine own weaknefle and undefervings, that, as I ne-
ver was, fo now I dare not be a fuiter for fo great a charge. But if
his Majeftie by your Honours mediation, (hall refolvetocall me to
perform him the beft fervice I can in that place, I humbly befeech
your Honour to admit me a fuiter in thcfe three circumftances.
Firft, that whereas my Lord of Lwd** hath furvivcd our Lady
<Uy, and received all the profits, that fhould maintain a Bifliop until
Mickteltnajfe, I may by his Majcftics favour retain all my own means
until the next day after Michaelmas day; this is a Petition which I
(hall
Kcefer to the Duke.
fhall be ncceifitated .omake unto his Majeftie ( if his Majeftic by
your favour (hall f /v^nce me to this place) and injurcth no man elfe
in the world.
Secondly, that whereas the CommilTioners challenge from the
Biftiops revenues a matter of 200. I per annum, (this Bifhoprick be-
ing already very meanly endowed in regard of the continual charge,
and exhauftmcnts of the place) it would pleafe his Majeftie to leave
in my hands ( by way of CommendAm) one Benefice of mine, which
falls into his Majefties difpofe upon my remove, until it be determi-
ned by the faid Commiilioners , whether any part of the Bifbops
means be due unto the Fabriquc. My humble fuit is for ffatgrave, a
Benefice with Curem%{orth-hamptofiire } where I have laid out all
my eftatc in temporal Lands.
Laftly , that if it be found, that the Bifliop is to joyn with the Re-
iidentiaries of fault in the repair of the Church, his Majeftie
would qualifie me by a comvtendam to hold one of my own Prebends,
when it (hall fall to be a Rcfidentiaric alfo ; that if I be charged with
the burthen of Refidentiarie, I might enjoy the profits of a Reftden*
tiarie.
Thcfe three rcquefts do (I confefle) adde unto me, but do not pre-
judice any one clfc whatfoever. I fubmit them and my felf to your
Honours wifdom, &c.
The names of fuch Ecclcfiaftical promotions as I now retain, and
will fall to be difpofed of by the King, if I (hould be removed.
1. Deanery of Weflminfter. 6. Chaunter of Lincoln.
2. Redorie of Dinam. 7. Prebendary of tsfsgar&iti
3. Redorie of Walgravt. 8. Prebendary of Nonningto*.
4. Redorie of Grafton. $. Refldentiaries place of
5. Prebendary of Peterborough. coin.
to the IHike, 27. July, 1 621,,
moft noble Lord,
A N unfortunate occafion of ray Lords Grace feis killing of a man
**cafually (as it is here conftantly reported) is the caufe of my
feconding of my yefterdayes Letter unto your Lordftiip. His Grace
(upon this accident) is by the Gommon Law of England to forfeic
all his eflate unto his Majeftie, and by the Canon Law (which is in
force
force with us) irregular, ipfofafo, and fo fufponded from all Ecde- .
fiaftical function, until he be again reftored by K s Superiour, which
(I take it) is the Kings Majeftic in this rank, and order of Ecclcfia-
fticall jurifdiction. If you fend for D r . Ltmb he will acquaint your
Lordftiip with the diftinct penalties in this kind. I wi(h with all my
heart, his Ma jeftie would be as merciful, as ever he was in all his life ;
but yet I held it my duty to let his Majeftie know by your Lordftiip,
that his Ma jeftie is fallen upon a matter of great advice, and delibe-
ration. Toadde affliction to the afflicted (as no doubt he is in
mind) is againft the Kings nature j to leave vir*m Stnguinum, or a
man of bloud, Primate and Patriarch of all his Churches , is a thing
that founds very harfli in the old Counccls , and Canons ef the
Church. The Papifts will not fparc to defcant upon the one and the
other. I leave the knot to his Majefties deep wifdom to advife and
refolve upon. A rheume falne into mine eye (together with the
rumour I laft wrote unto your Lordftiip about ) hath fattened me un-
to my bed. which makes this Letter the more unhandfome. But I
will take no'thing to heart, that proceeds from his Ma jeftie, or from
that King, who hath raifed me from the duft, to all that I am. If the
truth were fet down, i . That my felf was the firft mover for a tem-
porary Keeper. 2. That his Majeftie hath promifcd me upon the
relinquiftiingof the Seal (or before) one of ttje beft places in this
Church, as moftgracioufly he did. 3. The year and a halfs proba-
tion left out, which is to no purpofe, but to fcare away my men, and
to put a difgrace upon me. 4. That my afiifting Judges were defi-
red, and named by my felf, which your Lordftiip knowes to be moft
true: Such a declaration would neither ftiame me, nor blemifti his
Ma jetties fervicc in my perfon. And it were fitter a great deal, the
penning thereof were referred to my felf, then to Mr. Sccretaric, or
the Lord Treafurer, who (if he had his demerit) deferves not to hold
his ftarTe half a year. I do verily believe, they will haften to finifti
this tct, before I (hall hear from your Lordftiip, which if they do,
God fend me patience and as much care to ferve him, as I have, and
ever had to ferve my Matter ; And then all mutt needs be well. I
fend your Lordftiip a Copy of that fpeech I have thought upon, to
deliver at London upon Munday next at the Commiflion of the Subfi-
dies: If his Majeftie have leifure to cafthis eye thereupon, and to
give direction to have any thing elfe delivered, or any point of this
iupprefled,! would be directed by your Lordfliip whom I recommend
in prayers to Gods good guiding and protection. And do rett,&c.
The
^/Southhamptons Lttttr u tfa Bijkyif
Lincolne.
M) Lord,
I Have found your Lord {hip already fo favourable, and affc&io-
nate unto me,that I (hall be ftili hereafter defirous to acquaint you
with what concerns me, and bold to ask your advice, and councel;
which makes me to fend this bearer to give your Lordftup an account
of my anfwer from Court, which I cannot better do, then by fend-
ing unto youxhe anfwer it fclf, which you (hall receive here enclofed.
Wherein you may fee what is expected from me , that I may not
onely magnifie his Ma jefties Gracious dealing with me, but caufe all
<cny friends to do the like, and reftrain them from making any extenu-
ation of my errours, which if they be difpofcd to do , or not to do
is impoffible for me to alter, that am not likely for a good time to fee
any other then mine own family.For my felf, I (hall ever be ready (as
is fit) to acknowlcdg his Majefties favour to me, but can hardly
perfwade my felf, that any errour by ine committed ,deferved more
puniftiment then I have had, and hope that his Majeftie will not ex-
pect, that I (hould not confefle my felf to have been fubjeft to a
Star-chamber fentcncc, which God forbid Ifhould ever do. I have,
and (hall do according to that Part of my Lord o( 'Buckingham; ad-
vice to fpeak of it as little as I can, and fo (hall I do in other things to
meddle as little as I can. I purpofe (God willing) to go to mor-
row to Tyckfald (the place of mine confinement) there to ftay as long
as the King (hall plcafe.
Sir William ParkJjMrft muftgowith me, who hoped to have been
difcharged at the return of my Meflcnger from Court, and fecmes
much troubled, that he is not, pretending that it is extream inconve-
nient for him, in regard of his own occasions. He is fearful he
fliould be forgotten. If therefore when your Lordfliip writes to the
Court, you would but put my Lord of Buckingham in remembrance
ofit,you(hall(I think) do him a favour. For my part it is fo lit-
tle trouble to me, and offo fmall moment, as I meanc to move no
more for it. When this bearer returns, I bcfeech you return by him
this inclofed Letter, and beleive that whatsoever I am I will ever be,
Your Lordftiips mod aflured friend to do you fervice,
H. Southampton, &C.
;.
i.
-^ - -' --*- - 0/Southharnptons
Auguft,
I Have perufcdyour Lordfhips Letter, and that enclofedl return
back again. And doubt nothing of my Lord Admirals remern-
bringof you upon the firft opportunity. Great works (as I hope
this will be a perfect reconciling of his Majcfties affedions to you, of
your beft ftudies, and endeavours to the fervice of hi$Majeftic)do
require fome time: They arc but poorc adion*, and of no continu-
ance that are Slubbered up in an inftance. I know ( my Lord)
mens tongttes ate their own, nor lieth it in your power to prefcribe
what : ftiall Be fpoken for' you, oragairift you. But to avoid that
ConqlaceHtijfadit Divines call it) that itching, and inviting of any
interpretation, which {hall fo add to your innocencie, as it mail de-
rogate from the Kings mercie, which (I fpeak as I would do before
God)bad a great cloud of /ealoufies^aiid fufpitions to break through,
before it came to fhine ttpon you. This (I take irjirtfie effect of
my Lord* exhortation, artd I know it ever hath been your Lordfriips>
refolutton. H6w far yotr cotild be queff ioned in rh'e Star- Chamber,
is an tmfeafortable time to refolve. The King hath wared off alt
judgment, and left notfiinrg for yonr meditation, bat Ibveandfa-
vour 4 and the increasing of botfrthefe. Yet I know (upon my late
occaffdrte to pferule Preficlents in that Courrjth-at fmdi offences have
biffin that xmrt (In former thnes.) deeply cenfured. In the fix-
tecntji QfEdvjnrd the fecond (forthe Court is of great antiquity)
Henry Lord ffeattrtont, running a way of his own about the invading
ofSror.W, and diffentmg. from the reft of the Kings Cotmcel, be-
canfe ofhi&abfenting himSlf from the Councel Table was finfed and 1
imprifoned : tmpugh otlierwies a rnoft worthy 'and deferving No-
ble man. But God be thanked your Lorcffhip hath no caafe to
trouble your nead about thefc meditations. For (if I have any judg-
ment:) you are in a wa"y to demean yout feff as you may expeft ra-
ther .more new additions, then fufpecr the leaf! crimrnntion from his
Gmious Majeftie. For mine own part, aflurt your fclf, I am your
trSe" aritmltnfal fervant, antf frtalf rreverceafe fo to continue,as long
as you make gtfdtfytwr profefif?drjs-to : tfiisMob!e Lord. Of whole
extraordinary goodnefle, yourLordlhip, and Tfry felf are remark-
able srefle&ions. The one of his fweetnefle in forgetting of wrongs,
d^otherof his forwardneffc in.conferring ofcourtefies.
Vv WJch mybeftrefpeft to yoii Lordfhipand my Noble Lady, and
Tkt T,wd Ketfer to fht THike.
my Commendatioqs to Sir wW*m PArtyMrp, I recommend your
Lordftiip,&c.
The Lord Keeper to the Duke concerning the E. of
South-hampton. 2. Aug. 1621.
mo/l noble Lord,
1 Humbly crave your pardon for often troubling your Honour wkfc
my idle Lines, and befccch you to remember, that amongft many
miferies my fudden grcatnefle comes accompanied with, this is not
the Icaft 9 that I can no othcrwaies enjoy the happincfle of your pre-
fcnce. God is my witnefle,the Lord Keeper hath often (not without
grief of heart) envied the fortunes of a poor Scholar, one Dr. VVtl-
Hums, late Dean of W*fim*fi*i who was fo much blefled in the free
acceffes in that kind, ashisLordfhip (without a great quantity o
goodnefle in your felf ) may fcarfe hope for. This incloied will let
your Lordfhip underftand, that fomewhat is to be finiflied in that
excellent piece of mercy, which his Majeftie (your hand guiding the
Pencil) is about to exprefle in the E. of Southampton. It is full time
his Attendant were revoked in my poor opinion, and himfelf left to
the Cuftody of his own good Angel. There is no readier way to flop
themouthesofidlemen,norto draw their eyes from this remainder
of an objeft of Juftice, to behold nothing but goodnefle and mercy.
And the more breathing time you fhall carve out between this total
enlargement and the next acceffe of the Parliament, the better it will
be for his Majefties fervicc. Onely remember this, that now you are
left to be your own Remembrancer. Of all adions forget not thofc
of mercy, and Goodnefle, wherein men draw nighcft to God him-
felf: Nor of all Perfons,prifonersand afflided fofepbt: Celerity
doth redouble an ad of mercy. Bat why do I turn a Preacher of
goodnefle unto him, who fin my own particular j hath (hewed him-
felf to be compofcd of nothing elfc ? Remember your Noble Self,
and forget the aggravations of malice, and envy, and then forget i
you can the E. of Smtkkamftw. God blefle you, and your royal
Gueft, and bring you both, after many years yet moft happily run
over here upon earth, to be bis bleflea guefts in the K ingdora of
Heaven,
tt tht Dub, <*etrm*gtfa
St, Albonsi O&ober 27*. 1 6\ii .
My moft Hoblt Lord,
I Have received your Lorfliips exprefiion concerning the Paufe I
made upon the two Patents. The Proclamation of writing to~
thc Kings hand , and my Lord of S e . *Albons pardon. The former I
have fealed this morning in duty, and obedience to your Lordfliips
intimation. The latter I have not yet fealed, but do reprefent (in all
lowlinetfe and humility) thefe few Confiderations by your Lordfliip
to his facrcd Majelrie, wherein let your Lordfliip make no queftion,
but I have advifed with the beft Lawyers in the Kingdom. And after
thisrcprefentation, I will, perform whatfoe very our Lordfliip fliall
direft.
His. Majeftie and your Lordfliip do conceive, that my Lord of St.
Albons pardon and grant of his fine came both together to my
hands, andfo your Lordfliip directs me topafie the one and the
other. But his Lordftiip was too cunning forme. HepafTedhis
fine (whereby he hath deceived his Creditors,) ten dayes before
he prefented his pardon to the Seal. So as now in his pardon, I
find his Parliament fine excepted, which he hath before theiealing
of the fame obtained and procured. And whether the houfe of Par-
liament will not hold themfeives mocked and derided with fuch an
exception, I ieaveto your Lordfliips wifdom. Thefe two Grants
arc oppofiteand contradictory (in thi? point) the one to the other.
The King.pardons in particular words, All fums of money and
rewards taken for falfe judgments or decrees. And therefore the ex-
ception of the ParliamentaryCenfure(beinginflic%cdbut for the fame
taking of moneys and rewards) coming a good way after falleth too
late in Law,andisofnoforceto fatisfietheLords(asI ara informed)
and I believe this cjaufc was never fcen in any other pardon.
TheKingpardonethinmyLordofSt. *s4lbo*, the ftealing away'j
altering, rafing, and interlining of his Majefties Rowlcs, Records,
Briefs, &c. which are morein a Lord Chancellors pardon, then the
imbezcUngof his Majefties jewels in a Lord Chamberlains. And
yet the Lord Chancellour Elsmore could not indure that claufe in
my Lord of Sommcr/ett Pardon, unlcfle he would name the jewels is
particular.
I will not meddle or touch upon thofc miftakings which may fail
between the Parliament and his Majeftie, or the mis- interpretation
skat enemies may make hereof to your Lordfliips prejudice, becaufe
\t9rd Keefer to the Duke. 6 \
I fee fin his Majcfties great wifdom) thefe are not regarded, Onely
I could have wiflied, the Pardon had been referred to the Councel
board, and fo pafTed. I have now difcharged my felf of thofe poor
fcruples, which (in refpeft onely to his Majefties fer vice, and your
Lordfhips honour) have wrought this {hort flay of my Lord of Sr,
y4/o/ Pardon. Whatsoever your Lordftiip (hall now direft, I will
moft readily (craving pardon for this not undutiful boldneffe) put in
execution. Bccaufe fome fpeech may fall of this dayes fpcech,which
I had occafion to make in the Common Pleas, where a Bifnop was
never feen fitting there thefe 70. years, I have prcfumedto inclofea
Copy thereof, becaufc it was a very {hort one.
Your Lordfhip (hall not need to take that great pains (which your
Lord(hip to my unexpreffible comfort hath fo often done) in writing.
What Command foever your Lordfhip (hall impofe upon me as tou-
ching this pardon, your Lordfhips expreffion to Mr. Packer or the
bearer fhall deliver it fufficicntly. God from heaven continue the
fhowring and heaping of hisbleffings upon your Lordfhip, &c.
The Lird Keeper to the Dkt y 22. July,
Mj nobh Lord,
Ith my trueft affections, and thankfufnefle prcmifed. I do
not doubt bat his Majeftie and your Lordfhip do now
enjoy the genera lapplaufe of your goodneffe to the Earl of South-
urda l
VV
Saturday lafl he came, and dined with me, and I find him
more cordially affcfted totheferviceof the King, and your Lord-
(hips love and friendfhip, then ever he was, when he lay a prifoner in
myhoufe. Yet the Sunftiine of his Majefties favour, though moft
bright upon others (more open offenders ) is noted to be forae-
what eclipfed towards him. What directions foever his Majeftie
gave, the order is fomewh t tart upon the Earl, The word of Con-
finement, fpread about the City (though I obferved not one fyllable
fo quick to fall from his Majeftie) his Keeper much wondred at. The
aft of the Councel publifhed in our names, who were neither prefenc
thereat, or heard one word of the fame : yet upon my credit the Earl
takes all things patiently, and thankfully, though- others wonder ac
the fame.
Mr. Secretary figned a Petition of one RooktoofA a Papift, and
prifoner in the Fleet upon five feveral executions, that I ihould grant
him >
T& tout Kttfer tctfa Duke,
him his liberty. The Kings name is ufed, and the mediation of the
SpaniftiEmbaffadour. Iflbreaking rules fo fouly in favour of a
Papitt, (which I am refolvedtokeepftraightagainfl: all men what-
foever) I (liall infame my felf in the very beginning. If his Majeftie
will have any fpecial indulgence in this kind, I expect intimation im-
mediately from the King, or your Lordihip, and no third Perfon.
Your Lordfhip will not exped from me any account of Councel bu-
(inefle,nor the fetting at liberty of the late prifoners. Mr, Secretary
is fecret enough for imparting any thing unto mc,fo as I muft remain
in a ncceffary ignorance.
There is a Country man of mine one Griffith, a" fuitcr unto the
Court for the reverfionof an Auditors place, recommended there*
unto by his Matter the Lord Treafurer. The place is of great Con-
feijueacc for the difpofing of his Ma jefties revenewcs. The man is
unfit for this, as prefumptuous and daring for any place. Sir Ro&ert
Pje faith, be hath already written to yourLordfhip, and I doubt not
of your care thereof. Dodour Lamb (che bearer ) is a very fuffi-
cient, and (for ought I ever heard of him ) an honeft man. The
King hath imployed him in difcovery of counterfeit Witchcrafts, in
reforming of no ounterfeit, but hearty Puritanes, and he hath done
good fervice therein. If his Majeftie (now in our pure ayr of North-
ha*tptofiire)dQ not (hew him fome favor,or grace, either byKnight-
ing, orbyulinghimcourteoufly, The Brethren (having gotten out
their Tetverto* againj will neglect andimoleft him too unfufferably.
God from Heaven blcfle you. Remember your Dcaneric,and Dean
Tbt Lord Keeper to the Duke concerning tbt Etarl Marjhtls
pltce, i. Septemb. 1621.
Uttj mcfl Noble Lord,
Befecchyour Lordftiip to interpret this Letter well, and fairly,
1 which no malice ( though never fo provoked ) but my duty to his
Majeftie,and love to your Lordftiip hath drawn from me: both which
refpefts as long as I keep inviolably,! will not omit for the fear of
any man, or the lofle of any thing in this world, to do any ad, which
my Confcicncc (hall inform me to belong unto that place, wherein
the King by your favour hath intruded me. I received this morning
two Commands from hisMajeftie,the one about a Penfion of 2000 1.
?*arly, and the other concerning the office of the Earle UW*r/W s
both
ctncernmg ike Earl MArfhah fhce. 6$
both conferred on the Right Honourable the Earle of Arnndel.
For the former, although this is a very unfeafonable time to receive
fuch large Petitions from fo bountiful a King, and that the Parlia-
ment fofoen approaching is very like to take notice thereof, and
that this penfion might (under the correction ofyonr better judg-
mentjhave been conveniently deferred until that Affembly had been
over. Yet who am I that fhould quefHon the wifedom, and bounty
of my Matter ? I have therefore fealed the fame,praying fecretly un-
to God to make his Majeftie as abounding in wealth as he ism
goodneffe. Butthclatterl dare not feale (my good Lord) until I
heare your Lordfhips refolution to thefe few Qjaeftions.
Whether his Majeftie by cxpre/fing himfelf in the delivery of the iC
flraffc to my Lord of Arxxdel, that he was moved thereunto for the
etding of the reft of the Comiflioners, who had, before,the execution
of thatoffice,did not imply,thathis Majcftie intended to impart unto
my Lord no greater power, then was formerly granted to the Lords
Conditioners. If it were fo , this Patrent fhoufd not have exceeded
thcit Pattent , whereas it doth inlarge it felf beyond that by many
dimenfions.
Whether it is his Majefties meaning, that the Pattent leaping over #
the powers of the three laft Earlcs,//* .r, Shrewsfary^ and Servmfrfef.
fhould refer onely to my Lords own Anceftors, Howa-dt^ and G%>-
brayes Dukes of Norfolk, who clamed this place by a way of inheri-
tance. The ufaal reference of Pattents being unto the laft, and im-
mediate predeceffour, arrd not unto the remote, whofe powers (in
thofe unfettled and troublcfonic times arc vagc,uncertain,and unpof-
fible to be limited.
Whether it is his Majefties meaning, that this great Lord (hould
beftow thofe offices, fettled of a long time in the Crown, Sir Efotrti
Zouch his in the Court, Sir Gctrge Read's in the Kings Bench , and
divers others. All which this new Pattentdoth fweep away, being
places of great worth and dignity.
Whether that his Majefties meaning, and your Lordfhip*, that 4
my Lord Stewtrdt place (hall be ( for all his power of Judicacufe m
theffrg/,) either altogether extinguiihed, or at leaftwife fubordi-
nated unto this new Office ? A point confiderable, becaufe of the
greatneffeof thatperfon, and his neerneffe in bloud to hisMajeftie,
and the Prince his Highncfle.
Laftly, Whether it be intended,that the offices of the Earl Marftial 5$.
of England, and the Marftial of the Kings houfe, which fcem in for-
mer times to have been diftinft offices,, (hall be now united in this
* ^r
64 The Lord Kteftr H tht Duke.
great Lord / A power limited by no Law, or Record, bat to be
fearcht out from Chronicles, Antiquaries, Heralds, and fucfc obfoletc
JMonuments, and thereupon held thefc 60 years, (for my Lord of
ffexhis power was clearly bounded, and limited,) unfit to be revived
by the policy of this State.
Thefe Queftions, if his Majeftie intended onclythe renewing of
this Commilfion of the Eail Marftials in my Lord of ArttnAelm ma-
terial and to the purpofe. But if his Majeftie aymcd withal, at the
reviving of this old office, ex//4 Centura , whofe face is unknown to
the people of this age; upon the leaft intimation from your Lord-
(hip,I will fcal the Patent. And I befeech your Lordftiip to pardon my
difcretion in this doubt, and irrefolution. It is my place to be wary
what innovation pafleth the Seal. I may offend that great Lord in
this fmall (lay, but your Lordftiip cannot but know, how little I lofe,
when I lofe but him, whom without the leaft caufe in the world, I
have irreconcileably loft already. All that I defire if, that you may
know what is done, and I will ever do what your Lordftiip ( being
once informed) ftiall dircft as becometh, &c.
That there is a difference betwixt the Earl Marftial, and the Mar-
ftiall of the Kings houfe j See Ltmbtrts vfrchiron : or of the High-
Courts of Juftice in England
Circa Medium.
The Marftial of England,and the Conftable arc united in a Court,
which handleth onely Duels out of the Realm, matters within the
Realm, as Combats, Blazon, Armorie, &c. but it may meddle with
nothing tryable by the Lawes of the Land.
The Marftial of the Kings Houftiold is united in a Court with the
Sencfchal or Steward, which holds plea of Trefpafles, Contraband
Covenants made within the Verge, and that according to the Lawcs
of the Land, Vid. Artie. Super Cart. C. 3.4.5.;
We do all of us conceive the King intended the firft place only for
ibis great Lord, and the fecond to remain in the Lord Stewards ma-
naging. But this new Patent hath comprehended them both. This
was fit to be preferred to your Lordftiip.
Tfa
The Lord Kttftt u tfo Qttke. 16. Dcccmb."
1621.
Mofl Noble Lord,
I Have feen many cxprefiions of your love in other mens Letteri
(where it doth moft naturally and purely declare it felf ) fincc I
received any of mine own. It is much your Lordfhip fhould fparc
me thofe thoughts, which pour out themfefvej in my occafions : But
to have me and'my affaires in a kind of affectionate remembrance,
when yourLordfhip is faluting of other Noble mcn,t5 more then ever
I (hall be able othcrwaies to requite then with true prayers and beft
wifhes. I received this afternoon (by Sir John Brook,) a moft loving
Letter from your Lordfhip, but dated the 26 th . of Novemb. impart-
ing your care over me for the committing of one Beeflon for breach
of a Decree. My Noble Lord, Decrees once made muft be put in
execution, orclfc, I will confefle this Court to be the greateft im-
pofture, and Grievance in this Kingdom. The damned in Hell do
never ceafe repining at the Jufticeef God, nor the prifoners in the
Fleet, at the Decrees in Chancery ; of the which hell of prifoners
this one, for antiquity and obftinacy may pafle for a Lucifer. I nei-
ther know him, nor his caufe, but as long as he ftands in Contempt,
he is not like to have any more liberty.
His Majefties laft Letter, though never fo full of honey (as I find
by pafTages reported out of the fame, being as yet, not fo happy as
to have a fight thereof) hath notwithftanding afforded thofe Spiders
which infeft that noble Houfe of Commons, fome poyfon, and ill
conftruftions to feed upon; and to induce a new diverfion, or plain
Ceflation of weightier bufmeffes. His Ma jeftie infers, ( and that
moft truly, for where were the Commons before Henry the firft gave
them authority to meet in Parliaments.') that their priviledges are
but Graces and favours of former Kings , which they claim to be
their inheritance, and natural birthrights. Both thefe affertions (if
men were peaceably difpofeJ, and affected the difpateh of the com-
mon bufincfTes) might be eafily reconciled*
Thefc priviledges were originally the favours of Princes, and arc
now inherent in their perfons; Nor doth his Ma jeftie go about to
impair or diminifh them. If his Ma jeftie will be plcafed to qualifie
thac paffage with fome mild and noble expofition, and require them
ftrictly to prepare things fora Seflion , and to leave thisneedlcffe
difpute, his Majeftic (hall thereby make it appear to all wife and juft
men, that thefe perfons are oppofue to thofe common ends, whereof
K they
The Lord Keeper to the Duke.
they vaunt tncmfelves the oncly Patrons. But do his Maicftie what
he pleafe , I am afraid (although herein the Lord Treasurer and
ethers do differ from me j they do not affcd a Scffion?,nor intend to
give at this time any Subfidie at all.
Will the King be pleafed therefore to add in this Letter (which
muftbe here neceflarilyupon Munday morning,) that if they will
not prepare bills for a Seflion, his Majefty will break up this Parlia-
ment without any longer Prorogation,and acquainting the Kingdom
with their undutifulneffe and obftinacy, fupply the prefent wants by
fome other meanes.Or will his Majefty (upon their refufal)prefently
rejourn the the AfTembly until the appointed 8 th . of Feburary. This
courfe is fitteft for further advice, but the other to exprefle a juft in-
dignation. I dare advife nothing in fo high a point, but humbly
befeech almighty God to illuminate his Majefties underftanding to
infift upon that courfe, which (hall be moft behoveful for the ad-
vancement of his fervice. Incur houfe his Majefties fervants are
very ftrong, and increafc every day , nor is there the leatf fear of any
Malignant oppofition.God reward all your Lordfliips goodnefle and
affe&ion towards. &c.
Lord Keeper to the Duke About CMr. Thomas Murraycs
, &c. 2 3 . Febr. 1621.
My moft l^obh Lord,
f Should fail very much of my duty to his Majeftie k if before the
fcaling of Mt.Thomts Murrayts Difpcnfation,! (hould not acquaint
hisMajeftie explicitely, and freely, with the nature of this act, far
differing from any difpenfation in this kind, ever granted by his Ma-
jeftie, fincehis happie coming to the Crown of England. For (to
fay nothing of the right of the election of this Provoft, which being
originally not in the King, but in the feilowes, and now by their
neglcft devolved unto me, fhall be fully and absolutely at his Maje-
fties commandj the place is a living with cure of fouls, and I am to
inftitute and admit him to the cure of fouls of the Parifli of Eaton by
the exprfflfe Letter of the Statute ; without admifiion, itisimpof-
fible he (hould receive any real or rightful poflefiion of the fame.
Now that his Ma jeftie or any of his Prcdcceffors, did ever difpence
with a Lay-man to hold cure of fouls,! think will be hard for any man
to (hew by any warrantable prefident, or record whatfoever. And
& know his Ma jeftie to be as much averfe from giving any fuch pre-
fidenr,
The L&rdRttftr to tfa JMe. 67
fident, as any 'Prince in Chriftendome living this day. This is alto*
gether differing a Deanery, or an Hofpital, which being livings with-
out curejiave been,and may be juftly conferred by his Majeftie upon
Lay-men with difpenfations de promovendo* If Sir Henry SaiU'j
example be objected,! anfwer,(befides that the Queen made Clayme
to the guift of the place by laffe^ occafioned through the promotion
of the Provoftto the Biftioprick of Chicbtfter^ whereas his Maje-
ftie hath nofuch Clayme thereunto at this time) That Savil never
durft take true pofleflion of the place, but was onely flipt in by the
Bilhop, (who for fear of the Earl of Effex made bold with thecon-
fcience) Ad Curam et rtgimen CW/<g,that is,to the care and govern-
ment of the Colledge. Whereas by the expreffe words ofthe founda-
tion, he is to be admitted, JdCuram animarnm Parechianortt Ecclefi*
<LstoHi*n4 t to the Cure of the fouls of all the people ofthe Parifh of
Eaton. Secondly,! hold it no Difparagemeat to Mr. M*n*) (nor do
find him all together averfe from the fame) to enter into orders in
the raign of a Kingfo favourable to our Coat, as (Gods name be
praifed for it) raigns now over us. This will give fatisfadUon to all
the Church, bring him into this place according to ftatutc, and the
foundation of that dead King, prevent fuch a dangerons prclidenc
for a Lay-man to pofiefle cure of fouls in the Eye, and Center of all
the Realm,and by an evcrlafting teftimony of his Majcfties Piety to
the Church of England. Thirdly, what opinion this Gentleman
hath of our Church government is better known to his Majeftie,
then to me. If he fliould fee averfe thereunto , it were fuch a blow
unto the Church (the number of the Fellowes and Students there
confidercd) as the like were never given by publique authority thefe
50 Years. Fourthly, howfoever his Majeftie, and the Prince his
Highncfie (hall rcfolve thereof (at whofe feet I lie to be wholly di-
fpofed) I hope it is neither of their royal intendments to transfer the
Bilhopprick of Lincolne upon the Fellowes of that houfe, who have
raflily ufurped a Power of admitting their Provoft by any example
feen before. Whereas all Provofts as well the Churchmen, who come
in by Election, as the Lay-men recommended by the late 2lgte 9
were (as the foundation exactly requires it) admitted by theBiftiop
ofLfacolnt their Diocaefand and Vifitor. I hope it was Mr. cflfr-
raies inexperience, rather then negleft (never dcferved by me) that
directed them to thisftrangecourfc ; fubfcripcion, and other confor-
mities, to be aded in the prefence ofthe Vifitor, are efTentially to be
required before he can be admitted Provoft of Eaton. Laftly, Mr.
hath hitherto miftaken all his courfe. He muft be firft
K a difpenccd
c ^
Tie Lord Keeper U the Duke.
difpcnfed withal (If his Majeftie in his wifedom (hall hold it fit) and
then Ele#ed firft Fellow,and then Provoft of the Collcdg Of he will
come in regularly, and fafely) whereas now contrary to Swift
prefidcnt, he is firft Elcftcd, and then goes on with hfsdifpenfa-
All this I moft humbly intreat your Lordfhipto make known to the
prince his Highnefle, and as much as your Lordftiip.thinks fit there-
of, to his Majeftie. I will only adde one note* and fo end. It will
be no more difparagement for Ur.UWurraj his Highnefle School-
mafter to enter into orders, then it was for Coxe King EehHrb
Schoolmafter,a Mafterof Requefts, and Privie Counfellour, to do
the like, who afterwards became a worthy Prelate of this Church.
IhavedifchargedmydutytotheKing, Prince, and the Church of
England. It remains now, that I (hould (as I will) religioufly obey
whatfoever I (hall be directed in the fequel of this bufinefle. And
fol reft,&c.
MY Lord, Mr.^0rr*jr(ince came unto me,to whom I (hewed this
Letter, and told him I would fend it unto you to be (hewed un-
to the King, and the Prince. I find him willing to run all courfes,
Priefthood onely excepted. If the King will difpence with him,
my Letter notwithstanding, I humbly befeech his Majeftie, to write
a Letter unto me, as a warrant to admit him only AdCttrtm et Regi-
wev C*Begii ? inftead of the other words, A& Cur am tnimarum. I
fchooled him foundly againft Puritanifmc, which he difavowes,
though fomewhat faintly j I hope his Highnefle and the King will
fecond it.
The L*r<t Reefer to the Duke about the Liberties of
Weftminftcr, 6. Maj. 1621.
Mj moft Noble LorJ,
T Humbly befeccb your Lordfhipto be a little fenfiblc of thofe in-
Ijurious affronts, offered without any (hew of equity unto this poor
Liberty of ^ifminftr. And for Gods fake let me not want that
protedion, which not your Lordfljip only, .but the two CieiJs, and
the
The Lttd Keeper to tie Duke.
the Earl of Sommerfet^ who neither regarded the Church, Learning,
nor Honour in any mcafurc as you do,have ever afforded every Dean
of this Church. When I had (to my thinking) given the Knight
Marfhal full, and too much fatisfadion, this day a Letter was offered
to the Tablefin my prefence) violently purfued by the Lord Steward,
and the Earl Marfhal, to command this liberty, (which had flood
unqueftioned thefc 700 years ) to fhcw reafon to Mr . Attourney, and
Mr. Sollicker, why they prefcnoe againft the Knight Marfhal. A
Courfe (as my Lord President faid openly) not to be offered to any
fubjeft of England. It is our Charter, and freehold of inheritance,
to be (hewed only in a Court of Juftice, and at the Kings Bench,
which we are very ready to do. And we may as well be queftioned
by a Letter from theCouncel, for all the Land we have, as for this.
My Lord, the jurifdidion of this place brings not a penny to my
purfe, but it hath brought much forrow to my heart, andnowteares
to my eyes, that I fhould be that unfortunate Contemptible man,who
for all the King, and your Lordfhips favour, and the true pains I take
in anfwer thereunto,muft be trampled down above all the Deans that
lived in this place. Nor would it ever grieve me, if I had deferved
it from thefe Lords by the leaft difrcfped in all the world. I befeech
you for the Churches fake, and your Honours fake to be fenlible
hereof, and to know of the Bifhopof ^fincbefter, London, Durtf me*
Mr. PAcker,ot Sir Robert Pje, whether ever any queftion hath been
made to this liberty in.this kind. If a Letter had been recorded to
queftion the fame,\vhen the Lord Admiral was Steward,and the Lord
Keeper Dean thereof, judge you in your Wifdom what would be-
come thereof in future pofterity, &c.
The Lord Keeper to tbe Duke. A ug 23. 1 6* 2
mo ft no&le Lord t
YEfterday upon the receipt of your Lordfhips Letters of the-
i9 th . of this inftant concerning the haftning of the bufinefle
of the original Writs , I fent prefcntly for Mr. Attourney , and
M r . Solliciter, who were altogether unprovided for their parts of the
difpatch, and are cafually forced fo to be, J)ecaufc three feveral Offi-
cers, in whofe records they are to fcarch, are now out of Town, .and
<!U> not return yet thefe 7. daies. But your Lordfhip (hall not fail to
have
tS > , S
70 T&t Lwd Reefer to the Dttke.
have all things concluded 3. weeks before the Term, and I will ( of
purpofe j put off all general fealing until it be effected.
In the mean time (your Lordfliips Letter notwithftanding) it will
be nothing for your Lordfhips cafe to have Sir (?ft?r* Chdwonk any
way interefted in this office of the originals; but I hold it fitter to
leave it fas it is in Law and Equity) forfeited for non-payment of
rent in hisMajefties hands ; for upon^hat iflue I do not doubt but
my Lord of St. Albons, and Sir Georgt will be content to hear rea-
fon.
I have received extraordinary refpects, and expreffions from my
Noble Lord the Lord MarqucfTe Hamilton which doth exceedingly
comfort and encourage me to go on,with fome more alacrity through
the difficulties of this reftlefle place. I bcfeech your Lordftup ( who
is C*uf* Cauftrum, the firft Caufc, that fets all thefc other Caufes of
my Comforts in Going) to take notice of the fame, and to under-
take this favour to be placed upon a poor honeft hearted man, who
would (if he were any way able) requite it. Gods blefiings, and the
prayers of a poor Bifliop ever attend your Lordfhip, &c.
Poffeript.
THe Sp**ijb EmbafTadour took the alarum very fpecdily of the
titulary Romifh Bifhop, and before my departure from his houfe
at /yfcgf0 s (whither I went privately to himj did write both to Rome
ana * s f *i to prevent it. But I am afraid, that Tobie will prove but
an Apocryphal , and no Canonical intelligencer, acquainting the
State with this project, for the Jefuites rather then for Tefus
fake.
The Lord Keeper to the Duke About the Lord Tretftirer,
Septemb. 9 th . 1622.
<JMj moft Noble Lord,
*uiv 4> uuis is uic true anu oniy cauie : i was to moved to nave all my
ailigent fervice,pains, andlinfpotted juftice thus rewarded by a Lord,
who is reputed wife, that I have neither flept, read, written, or eaten
any thing fince that time; until the latt night, that the Ladies fcnt
The Lord Keeper to the Duke. 71
for me (I believe of $urpofe) to VVAtti*gford houfe, and put me out
of my humour. I have loft the love, and affection of my men, by
feizing upon theirPapers,peruiing all their anfwers to Petitions,caft-
ing up their moneys, received by way of fees, ('even to half Crowns,
and two (hillings) and finding them all to be poor honeft Gentle-
men, that have maintained themfel ves in my fervice by the greatnefle
of my pains, and not the greatnefle of their fees. They are moft:
of them landed men,that do not fervc me for gain,but for experience,
and reputation. And defire to be brought to the Tcft to (hew their
feveral books, and to be confronted by any one man with* whom they
contracted, or from whom they demanded any Fee at all j The grca-
teft fumme in their books is five pounds, and thofe very few, and fenC
unto them from Earls, and Barons. All the reft arc fome 20 s. i o s.
53. 2 s. 6 d. and 2 s. And this is the oppreffion in my houfe, that
the Kingdom ( of the Common Lawyers peradventure, who have
loft I confcfle hereby 20000!. at the leaft, faved in the purfes of the
Subjects) doth now groan under.
Now I humbly befeech your Lordftiip to perufc this paper here
inclofed, and the iffue I do joyn with the Lord Trcafurer, and to ac-
quaint (at the leaftj the King, and the Prince, how unworthily I am
ufed by this Lord ; who (in my foul and conference I believe it) either
invents thefe things out of his own head* and ignorance of this
Court, or hath taken them up from bafe, unworthy, and moft unex-
perienced people. Laftly, becaufe no act of mine (who am fo mnch
indebted for all my frugality) could in the thoughts of a devil incar-
nate breed any fufpition, that I gained by this office, excepting the
purchafe of my Grandfathers Lands, whereunto my Lord Chamber-
lains noblenerfe, and yourLordftiips encouragement, gave the invi-
tation. I do make your Lordftiip (as your Lordftiip hath been of-
ten pleafcd to honour me) my faithful ConfefTorin that bufinefle,
and do fend your Lordftiip a note enclofed what money I paid, what
I borrowed, and what is ftill owing for the purchafe.
I befeech your Lordftiip to caft your eye upon the paper, and lay
it afide that it be not loft. And having now poured out my foul,and
forrow unto your Lordfhips breaft, I rind my heart much eafed, and i
humbly befeech your Lordftiip to compafli onate the wrongs of
Your moft humble and honeft
fervant,
f^L.C.S.
ttt*
The Fair And Ftmilhr Conference which
htdwtb the Lord Keeper tfterfwe ExpffuUtient of
his 9ivn^ and the ifftte jojned therein, *t
White-Hall, Scptcmb. 7. 1622.
M-M . THereis taken 40000!. for Petitions in your houfe this year.
1 Not much above the fortieth part of the money for all the
difpatches of the Chancery, Star-Chamber, Councel-Table, Parlia-
ment, the great Diocefle of Lincoln^ jurifdidionof VVtfminfter
and S'. Martin s le Grand j All which have rcfort to my houfe by Pe-
titions.
nh You have your felf a (hare in the money.
' *' Then let me have no (hare in Gods Kingdom; it is fuch a bafcnefTc
as never came within the compafle of my thoughts.
M . ' It is commonly reported you pay to my Lord Admiral 1000 1.
fer tnenfcm.
Solt As true as the other. The means of my place will reach to no more
then two moneths.
ob 4 You never receive any Petitions with your own hands, but turn .
them to your Secretaries, who take double Fees, one for receiving,
and the other for delivering.
Sol. Let the Cloyfters at Weftmiafter anfwer for me. I never to this day
received any Petition from my Secretaries, which I had formerly de-
livered unto them with my own hands. This is a new fafhion which
my Lord hath found in forae other Courts.
0k , You fell dayes of hearing at higher rates then ever they were
at.
S9lt I never difpofed of any fince I came to this place, but leave them
wholly to the Six Clarks, and Regifters, to be fet down in their Anti-
quity. Unlefle his Lordfhip means hearing of motions in the paper
of Pcremptories, which I feldom deny upon any Petition, and which
are worth no money at all,
Ob. 6. You ufoally reverfe Decrees upon Petitions.
SOL' I have never reverfed, altered, explained, or endured a motion, or
Petition, that touched upon a decree once pronounced : but have
fometimes made orders in purfuance of the fame.
O 7< You have 3 . Door-keepers, and are fo locked up, that no man can
have acceffc unto you.
Sot. I have no fuch officer in all my houfe, unleffe his Lordfhip meanes
the Collcdge Porters ; nor no locks at all, but his Majefties bufinefle,
which
Tlft LtrJ Keeper UtfaDttlte.
which I mfift refpcft above Ceremonies and Complements
You ue cryed out againft over all the Kingdom for an unfuffert-
ble opprefiion and grievance.
His Lordfhip (if he have any friends) may hear of fuch a Cry, and Sri.
yet be pleafcd to miftake the perfon cryed out againft.
AH the Lords of the CounccI cry oat upon you, and you area Ob. 9.
wretched and a friendlefTe man, if no man acquaints you with it.
I am a wretched man indeed if it be Ib. And your Lordfhip ( at Sol.
the leaft) a very bold man if it be otherwifc.
I will produce particular witnefies, and make all thefe Charges Ob. 10
good.
I know your Lordfliip cannot, and I do call upon you to do it, Sri*
as fufpecting all to be but your Lordftiips envie and malice to thac
fervice of the Kings, and eafe of his Subjects, which God hath^cn-
abled me to accompJilb, and perform in this troublefome Office.
L. C. S.
The Lord Keeper to ths Duke, 21, of Septem-
ber. 1622.
My moft noble
MY Lord l?ra^difwarning me (from his Majeftie) from coming
to Theohalds this day, I was enforced to trouble your Lord (hip
with thefe few lines. My moft humble thanks for your Lordftiips
moft free, and moft loving Letter, I do willingly cenfefle my errour,
yet ftill of the mind, that your Lordfhip only, who juftly taxed it,
hath made it to be an errour. If your love to me had not exceeded
all reafon, and defert of mine, my complaints were not effects of me-
lancholy, but of a real fuffering, and mifery. I do confefTe ( and
reft fatisfied withal) that his Majefties Juftice, and your Lordftiips
love are anchors ftrong enough, for a mind more toffed then mine
is, to ride at. Yet pardon me, my Noble Lord, upon this Confidc-
ration, if I exceeded a little in paflion, the natural effect of honefty,
and innocency . A Church-man, and a woman, have no greater Idol
under heaven, then their good name. And yet they cannot fight aC
all. Nor with credit, fcold, and leaft of all recriminate, to protect
and defend the fame. Their oncly revenge left them, is to grieve,
and complain.
L My
Lwd Rttper to the Dkc.
My mifery I took to be this, lam one of thofe that labour in
his Majefties Cole-mines under the earth, and out of fight. My
pains from five a clock in the morning to 10. or 12. at night are reft-
leffc, and cndlefle, but under earth, and out of his Majefties fight.
What other men do ( or but feem to do,) it is ever before the
Kings face, and if his Ma jeftie will not look on it, if he hatheares
about him, he (hall be told of it fo often by the parties themfelves,
that he muft hear of it whether he will or no.
And as my fervice (by this remotenefle is hidden from the King,
foisit liable to be traduced to the King, and my relief (as in di-
fpatching the motions of poor men by Petitions allowable to my
orders,; made to be a Grievance to the Commonwealth. But
in ail thefe fourteen daycs (wherein by the voice of the City, I have
remained a prifoner in my houfej where is that one party grieved,
that hath troubled his Ma jeftie with Complaints againft me ? Onc-
ly my Lord Marfhal hath dealt with my noble Lord Mar^uefle Ha-
milton^ my Lord of CarUlc y my Lord Treafurer (as your Lordfhip
may foon know by asking the queftion) tomake a fadion to dif-
gracethe poor Lord Keeper, who never dreamt thereof.
Sir Gilbert H**hton hath complained to my Lord Treafurer of
my men for taking, (Hugh Hotted was by and heard him ; ) If your
Lordfhip do but ask him his reafon, t think it will appear how wejl
grounded their complaints be. Upon thofe two former Anchors I
will therefore reft, and that fo far from Cowardlinefie, that I will
cither challenge them before his Ma jeftie tomake good their fug-
geftions, or elfe Cwhich I holdthe greater valour of all, and which
I iconfeffc I wanted before this check of your Lordfhips) go on in
iny Courfe,aod fcorn all thefe bafe, and unworthy fcandals as your
Lordfbip (hall direct me.
I have fent a Copy of a Letter of mine to my LordW*w, which
his Majeftic hath feen, and given his affect it (hould not be kept pri-
vate | yet I would humbly crave your Lordfhips opinion thereof (by
Ms.PAckfr) before any Copy goeth from me.
The Lord Ketftt te tkt Duke. 1 2 th - O&ob. 1 62 ^:
My mop Noble Lord,
IWillfpeak with the Jcfuit to morrow, and deliver himhisadmo-
nition from the King, but do fend your Lordfhip here inclofcd a
Copic of the Conference which I procured from him without his
privity, onely to make his Majeftie, and your Lordfhip mcrrie. I
have aifo received a Letter concerning the French EmbafTador which
I will be ready to put in execution as your Lordfhips fervant, and
Deputy but not otherwife. Yet your Lordfhip will give me out of
that freedom (which was wont to be well interpreted by your Lord-
ihip) to let your Lordfliip underftand, that I find all bufinefTes of
restitution of (hips, and goods thus taken, to have been handled be*
fore the Councel in Star-chamber all the reigns of Henry y rh .andH.
8 th . without any contradiction of the Lord Admiral for the time
being. But this to your Lordfhip in fecret. I will be very careful
of the EfcrlofZ>/j/0f0^, that neither h is caufc, nor your Lordfhips
reputation fhall fuffer thereby. And this is the account I can yet
give of your Lordfhips Letter,fave that I humbly expeft that anfwer,
which your Lordfhips own Luckie hand hath promifed in the poft-
fcriptofoneofthcm. I would cafe your Lordfliip in this place, but
to prevent complaint that ( peradventure) may be firft invented,and
then prefented . Your Lordfhip fhall heare of a long narrative of
our Councel Table difpatches. That paffagc of our letter, which
(as it now go eth ) doth hope that his Ma jeftie will fpare to confer
any fuites of moment in Ireland until the return of thelrifh Com-
mittee, was a blunt requeft to the King, to grant no fuites there
without our advice. Againft this (concluded in my abfence the firft
day of the Tcarm) I (pake firft to the Prince privately (who allowed
of my reafons) then ( when the Prefident would not mend it) at the
Table openly, that I did utterly diflikc we fhould tutour his Majcfty,
how to grant fuits efpecially in Letters, that are to remain upon re-
cord. MyLordofCantuar.andthe, Earle Marfhalfaid, they had
many Prefidents in that kind. I anfwered, I knew they had none but
in the Kings time, and that I wifhed them (as I do) all torn oat of
the book and caft into the fire. I concealed my reafons, which now
I will reveal unio your Lordfhip, becaufe this is the third time, I
haveexprefied unto your Lordfhip under my hand, my diflikeof
this kind of Limiting his Majeftie otfecrwife then by word of mouth.
Firft if his Majcftie (which we fee fo often done) (halldifpofeof
thefe fuites otherwife , here are fo many records remaining coma-
L 2 licious
Tie LvrdRuftr to the Duke.
Jrtiousmentoobferve his Majefties averfeneffe from following the
advice of the Councel board.
Sccondly,if your Lordfhip (hall procure any fuit in this kind here ar
record* alfo in time to come, that you crofle and thwart the go-
vernment of the Kingdom* And I pray God this be but mine own
jealoufic. The pafiage in the Letter with my Prating, and his High-
nefle help was altered, tmd for fear ofmifreporting, I make bold to
relate the truth hereof to your Lordfhip.
My Lords proceeded very refolutely in chofc reformations, which
concerned other men. The Commiillon of fees enables the Com-
mittees to call before them all the Judges, as well as their under
Officers (which was more then the King exprcft at Hampton Court)
amongft whom, the Lord Keeper is one, who from theConqueft to
this day r was never fubjefted to the call of any power in the King-
dom, but the King and the Parliament. And although I have not
onePennieof Bee, which hath not continued above one hundred
years, yet for the honour of the Prime place in the ftateXthough
now difgraced by the contemptiblenefTe of the Officer)! am an hum-
ble fuiter unto your Lordfhip, that my Perfon may be exempted from
the command of Sr. Edwin Sandys , or indeed any man els, befides
the King my Mafter. Otherwiie I (hall very patiently endure it, but
the King hereafter may diflikeit. The Jufticesofthe Peace are alfo
appointed, but (if the Judges and my felf be not utterly deceived) to
no purpofe in the world, nor fervice to his Majeftic. But when their
Lordfhips came to furrender the under Leivtenantftiips to his Maje-
fties hands, whom the Lord Prefident, and I held fit to be created
henceforward by fevcral Commiffions under the Great Seal, ic was
ftifflyoppofed, and flood upon, that the King (hould name them in
their Lordlhips Commiifions onely (according to a Prefident in the
late Queens time) that is, the King (hall have the naming, but they
ftill the appointing of them. And now it was prefled, that his Maje-
ftie intended not todifgrace his Lords &c: and your Lordfhip is to
have a Letter from Mr. Secretarie to know his Majefties mind here-
in, If his Ma jeftie (hall not ordain them to be created by fevcral
Pattcnts,it were better a great deal they (hould continue as they do.
lam very tedious in the manner and (peradventure) in thematter
-of this Letter I humbly crave pardon Sec,
ftftges
between the Lord Reefer tnd
Don Francifco.
HE was very inquifitive if I had already, or intended to impart, iV
what he had told me the night before in fecret, to any man, to
the which he did adde a dcfire of fecrelic.
The King had charged him and the Frier to be very
fccrct.
The Emba flavours did not know that he bad impar-
Becaufc ^ ted thefe things unto me.
The Popes were fecret inftrndions which they gave
tothe Fryer to urge and prcfle the fame points,whieh
L himfelf had done co the King.
He cohfefled, that the greateft part of the Friers inftruftion* were zl
to do all the worft offices he could againft the Duke, and to lay the
breach of the marriage, and diflurbance of the peace upon him.
He excufed the bringing the Copy of that paper unto me, becaufc 3
the MarquefTe had it yet in his cuftody, but faid he would procure it
with all fpeed. I deiircd him to do it, the rather becaufe, befides my
approbation of the form, and manner of the writing ; I might be,
fey itjinftrufted how to apply my felf,to do his Ma jcftie fervice there-
in, as I found by that Conference, hisMajefties bent, and inclina-
tion.
He having underftood, that there was, though a clofe, yet an in- ^
diflbluble friend (hip betwixt the Duke and my fclf, defired me ta
fhew fome way, how the Duke might be won unto them, and to con-
tinue the peace. I anfwered I would purfue any fair courfc;that fhould
t? propofed that way ; but for my felf, that I never meddled with
matters of State, or of this nature, but was onely imployed (before
this journey of the Prince's) in matters of mine own Court, and in
the Pulpit.
He defired to know if they might rely upon the King, whom onely ,*
they found peaceably addided otherwife they would ceafe all medi-
ation, and prepare for War. I anfwered, That he was a King that
never broke his word, and he knew what he had faid unto them.
He commended much the courage and refolution of the Lord Trea- 6
furer, which I told him we all did, as a probable fign of hisinno-
ccncy.
He faid that the Marqueflc had difpatched three Cvrreot, .and 7;
expected large Propofitions from Spain to be made unto his Majc-
ftie, concerning the prcfcnt rotation of the Palatinate. And-thtt,
it
\,
Ike Lord Reefer to the Dttlit.
if this failed, they were at an end of Treaty, and the Embafladouri
would forthwith return home.
?fa Lord Keener to the Duke.
MA) it fletfejonr Grace,
I Received your Graces Letter by Mr. KiUigrt^ fo full of that
fweetnefle, as could never iffue from any other Fountain,then that
one breaft fo fraught with all goodneflc,and virtue ; Dick.wi*ne may
write freely, (as he talks) but alas I what can my wretched felf per-
form, thatfhould defer ve the lea ft acknowledgment from him, to
whom I owe fo infinitely much more then the facrificing of my life
amounts to ? onely my love makes me fometimcs write, and many
times fear, fondly and fooliftily, for the which I hope your Grace
will pardon me. I have been frighted more about three weeks fincc
(about quarrels and Jarres, which now Dick,Grejh*mJ hath related in
part unto the K ing ) then at this prefent,! am. For Godsfakebe
not offended with me, if I exhort you to do that, which I know you
do, to obferve his Highnefle with ail lowlinefle, humility, and duti-
ful obedience, and to piece up any the leaft fcam-rent, that heat, and
earncftneflc might, pcradvcnture, feem to produce. I know (by
looking into my felf) thefe are the fymptomes of good natures, And
for Gods fake I beg it, as you regard the prayers of a poor friend,
if the great negotiation be well concluded, let ail private difagre?-
ments be wrapped up in the fame, and never accompany your Lord-
(hips into England, to the joy and exultation of your enemies, if any
fuch ingrateful Divels are here to be found : I am in good earnefr,
and your Lordfhip would believe it, if your Grace faw but the tears,
that accompany thefe lines.
I befeech you, in your Letter to the Marquefle Hamilton^ intimate
unto him your confidence, and reliance upon his watchfulnefle, and
fidelity in all turns, which may concern your Grace. I have often
lied unto his Lordfhip, that your Grace hath ia many of my Letters
exprcfled as much, and fo have paciried him for the time. If we did
know, but upon whom to keep a watchful eye for difaffeftcd reports
concerning your fervice, it is all the intelligence he and I do expect.
Hii Mjeftie(as we aoncciv*)U rcfolvcd to take certain oaths,which
you
7 fa Lord Keep? to the Duke.
yon have fcnt hither, and I pray God afterward no farther difficul-
ties be objected. I have had an hours difcourfe with his Majeftie
yefterday morning, and do find him fodifpofed towards your Lord-
(hip as my heart defireth ; yet hath been informed of the difcontent*
ments both with theCWf^etf/^r^and the Earl ofZ?n/?0/.Here is a
ftrangc Creation pafTed of late, of a Vice-Countefhip *tM*Ue*f**j 9
patfed to the Heires Males, who muft be called hereafter Vice-COun-
tefle Fjnck. But my Lady Dutchefle hath the Land, and (as they
fay) hath already fold it to my Lord Treafurer, or (hared it with him.
I flayed the Patent until I was aflured your Lordihip gave way there-
unto.
My good Lord,becaufe I have heard, that they have in thofe parts
aconceipt of our church, as that they will not believe we have any
Liturgie, or Book of common prayer at all, I have Cat mine own
coft)caufed the Liturgy to be tranfiatcd into Spanifh ,andfaircly
Printed, and do fend you by this bearer a Couple of the Books, one
for his Highnefle,the other for your Grace. Not fending any more
unlefle your Grace will give directions. His Majeftie was acquaint-
ed therewith, andalioweth of the bufinefTe exceedingly. The Tran-
flator is a Dominican, a zealous Proreftant, and a good Scholer, and
1 have fecured him to our Church, with a Benefice, and a good
Prebend. Becaufc we expect every day thedifpatchingof Sr. Fran-
cis Cottingten thitherward, I will not trouble your Grace farther at
this time, but do earneftly pray unto God to blefle your Grace both
now and ever hereafter with all his favours and bleffings fpiritual
and temporal. And reft &c.
. .
i.>-.-- . c!*v*G
llit Lwd Keeptrto the Duke, 30, Aug. 1623,
Mj it pleAffjtur Grace $
I Have no bufmcffe of the Jeaft Confidcration to trouble yonr
Grace withal at this time, but that I would notfuffcrMr. Grey*
k*m to return without an expreflionof myrefpecl: and obligati-
on. I would advertize your Grace at large of the courfe held with
our Recufants, but that I know Mr. Secretary is injoyned to do fo,
who beft can. His Majeftie at Salisbury having referred the fuit of
thefe Embafladors to the Earl of Carlile, and Mr. Secretary Conway,
fcnt (by their refolutions) fome articles unto us (the Lord Treafurer,
Secretary Ci/wr/, Sir RicharA VTeften and my felf) to *is cffcd.
g The Ufd Keeftr tt the Dufa jj
1. To grant a pardon of all offences part, with a difpenfationfor
thofe to come to all the Roman Catholiques, obnoxious to any laws
made againft the Recufants.
2. And then to iffuc forth two general Commands under the
Great Seal, thefirft to all the Judges, and Juftices of the Peace, anp
the other to all Bifliops,Chancellours and Commiffaries not to exe-
XUEC any Statute made againft them.
Their general pardon w have pafled, and fent unto his Majeftie
(from whence it is not returned) in as full and ample manner as they
could defire,and pen it.The other general and vaft prohibition,! pre-
vailed with the reft of the Lords to flop as yer v and gave (in three
dayes conference) fuch reafonstothe z.Embafladors, that(although
it is no eafle matter to fatifie the Caprichioufnefleofthe Latter of
them) yet they were both content it fhould reft until the Infanta had
been fix Months in England. My reafon, if it may pleafe your Grace,
was this . Although this general favour , and connivence, whereof
there are 20. of the Prime Councel know nothing as yet, muftat laft
be known to all the Land : yet is there a great difference between the
publifhing thereof^ Cjolpe, at one pufti, as it were,and that inftilling
of it into their knowledg by little, and little by reafon of favours done
to particular Catholiques. The former cou'tfe might breed a general
imprefiion, if not a rautinie. This Letter will but loofen the tongues
but of fome few particulars,, who underftand of their neighbours par-
don, and having vented their diflikes, when they have not many to
Sympathife with them, they grow coole again, fo as his majeftie af-
terwards may enlarge thefe favours without any danger at all.
Secondly, to forbid Judges (againft their oaths) and Juftices of
tbc Peace (fworn likewife) to execute the law of the Land, is a thing
(unprefidented in this Kingdom** Dttrus Sermo a very harfti and
bitter pill to be digefted upon a fuddain, and without fome prepara-
tion. But to grant a pardon, even for a thing that is Mtltim in fa
and a difpenfation with Penal Lawes (in the profit whereof the King
onely is interefted^) is ufual and full of prefidents, and examples. And
yet is this Letter onely tending to the lafety, the former but to the
glory and infolencie of the Papifts, and the magnifying the fervice of
thcEmbaffadors ends too dearly purchafed, with the indangering of
a tumult in three Kingdomes.
Thirdly and Laftly, his Maicftie ufeth to fpeak to his BiOiops,
Judges and Juftices of the peace, by his Chancelour,br Keeper (as
your Grace well knoweth) and by his Great Seal and I can fignify
ftis Majcfties pleafurc unto them, with leffc noife and danger, which
I
The Ltrd Reefer to the Duke.
I mean to do hereafter", (if the Etnbafladors (hall prefle it,)tothis
effcd,unlclTe your Grace ftiall (from his Highncfle , or your own
judgment) direct otherwife.
That whereas his Majeftie being at this time to mediate for fa-
vour to many Proteftants in forraign parts, with Princes of another
religion, and to fweeten the entercainment of the Princefs into this
Kingdom, who is as yet a Roman Catholique, doth hold a mitigati-
on of the rigour of thofe lawes made againft Recufant?,tobeane-
ceflary inducement to both thofe purpofes, and hath therefore iflued
forth fome pardons of Grace, and favour to fuch Roman Catho-
liques, of whofe faithfulneflc and fidelity to the ftate he refts aflured.
That therefore you the Lords, Bi (hops, Judges, and Juftice,(each
of thofe to be written unto by themfelves) do take notice of this his
Ma jefties pardon, and difpenfation, with all fuch penal Lawcs, and
demean your felvcs accordingly, &c.
Thus have I been too tedious and troublefome unto your Grace,
and Crave your pardon therefore , and fome directions (which you
may caufe Sir Francis Cottington or fome other to write, without
your Graces trouble) if there (hall apeare any caufe of alteration.
Doctor Bilbop, the new Bifhop of Calcedon is come to London pri*
vately, and I am much troubled thereabouts, not knowing what to
advife his Majeftie in this pofture, as things (land at this prefent. If
you were (hipped (with che Infanta) the oncly Councel were to let
the Judges proceed with them prefently, hang him out of the way,
and the King to Blame my Lord of Cantuar : or my felffor it. But
before you be (hipped in fuch form and manner I dare not aflent or
Connive at fuch a courfe. It is (my gracious Lord) a moft infolent
Part, and an offence (as I take it) Againft our common Law (and
not the ftatutes oncly which are difpenfed withall,)foranEngli(h
man to take fuch a confecration without the Kings confent, and efpe-
cially to ufe any Epifcopal Jurisdiction in this Kingdom without the
royal aflent,and Bi(hops> have been in this State put to their fine, and
ranfom for doing fo three hundred years ago.
I will ceafe to to be further troublefome and pray to Almighty
God to blefle your Grace, and in all humbleneffe take my leave, and
reft &c.
y& Lord Keeper U tic Dke, 1 4 th .
1621.
moft Noble Lord,
I Humbly thank your Lordfliip for your moft fwect and loving Let-
ter, which (as Sir George Goring could not but obfcrvc) hath much
revived me drooping under the unufual weight of fo many bufineffes.
Let God fufTer me no longer to be, then I (hall be true, plain, faithful
and affectionately rcfpcdful of your Lordfliip, as being moft bound
unto your Lordfliip for thefe fo many fruits, but far more for the tree
that bore them, your love and affection.
If your Lordfhip (hall not think it inconvenient, I do befeech your
Lordfliip to prefent this Petition inclofed, either by word or writing-
unto his Majeftre, and to procure a fpeedy difpatch thereof, becaufe
we are to meet on Thurfday next. Alfo to acquaint his Majeftie,
that I ftumble at the Proclamation fnow coming ro the Seal) againft
any, that (ball draw, or prefenc any bill for his Ma jetties fignature,
befidcs thofe Clarks which ufually draw them up, by virtue of their
places. It is moft prejudicial to my place, the Lord Treafurer, and
the Judges itinerant who are often occafioned to draw up, and prefent
to his Majeftie divers matters, and efpecially pardons of Courfe. It
is alfo too ftrong a tie upon your Lordfhips handsjbeing intended by
his Majeftie agaiqft Projectors and Scriveners only. If it (hall pleafe
his Majeftie therefore to make an exception of the Lords of his
Gouncel, and Judges of Aflize,ic may paffe to the contentment of all
men Mr. Attourney faith he meant this exception, but I find it not
fufficiently cxprcffed in the Proclamation.
Alfo I humbly befeech your Lord (hip to meddle with no pardon
for the Lord of St. Albovs y until I (nail have the happineffe to confer
with your Lordftiip; the pardoning of his fine is much fpoken
againft, not for the matter, (for no man objects to thatj but for the
manner, which is full of knavery, and a wicked preficfent. For by
this afiignation of his fine, he is protefted from all his Creditors,
which I dare fay was neither his Majefties,nor your Lotdfhips mean-
ing,
I have prefumed to fend your Lordfliip a true Copy of that fpeech,
which I made at yyeftmivfter Hall at my entrance upon this office;
becaufe fomewhat was to be fpoken at fo great a change, and altera-
tion in fo high a Court j And I was never fo much troubled in my
life, not how, but what tofpeak. I humbly crave pardon, if I have
failed
The Lord Xetper to the Duke.
failed in points of difcretion,which a wifer man (in fiich a cafe) might
eafily do.
Withmyhcarticft prayers unto God to continue all hisbleffing*
upon your Lordfhip, I reft dcfervedly, &c.
foffirfft-
MY Lord, I find my Lord Treafurer affectionately touched with
removing from the Court of Wards ; and do wifh with all my
heart, he may have contentment in that, or any thing elfe, but order-
ly,and in a right method. Let him hold it but by your Lordfliips fa-
vour, not his own powe"r,or wilfulnefle. AnJ this muft be apparent.,
and vifible: Let all our greatnefle depend (as it ought j upon your*,
the true original. Let the King be Pharaoh, your felf ftfiff, and lee
us come after as your half- brethren. God bleffe you, Sec.
The Lord Keeper it tie Duke, concerning Sir John Michel,
8. Aug. 1622.
C>(y moft nobl* Lord t
IN thecaufeofSir John Michel, wh ich hath fo off en wearied thi*
Court, vexed my Lady your Mother, and nowflieth (as it fcemcth)
unto your Lordfhip, I have made an order the laft day of the Tearm,
afiifted by the Mafter of the Rolls, and Mr. Bam Bromltj iti the pre-
fence, and with the full confent of Sir Jh* MicM y who then objected
nothing againft the fame ; but now in a dead vacation, when both
the advcrfe party,anfl his Councel are out of Town, and that I cannot
poffible hear otherwife then with one ear, he clamours againft me,
(moft uncivilly,) and would have me contrary to all confcicnce and
honefty reverfe the fame. The fubftance of the order is not fo diffi-
cult and intricate, but yow Lordftiip will eafily find out the equity or
liarftinefTe thereof.
Sir Lawrence Hide makes a motion in behalf of one Streffej (a. party
whofe face I nevtr faw,) that whereas Sir foh AftdWhad put a bill
into this Court againft him, and one Soy ers five years ago for certain
Lands and Woods, (determinable properly at the Common Law)and
hdvingupon a certificate betwixt himfclf, and S*jers y without tbe
knowledge of the faid Strefoj, procured an injunction from the laft
LordChancellourforthepofleffionof the fame, locks up the faid
M 2 StreKey
84 The Lord Kuperirtbe Dukt.
StteUe} with the faid in jundion,and never proceeds to bring bis caufe-
to hearing within five years.
It was movtd therefore,that either Sir Johns bill might be difraifled
to a tryal at the Common Law, or elfc that he might be ordered to
bring it to hearing in this Court, with a direction to favc all waftes
of Timber trees (in favour of either party, that fhould prove the
true owner,) until the caufe ftiould receive hearing.
Sir fobn being prefent in Court, made choice of this laft offer, and
fo it was ordered accordingly. And this is that order, that this ftrange
man hath fo often, of late, complained of to your Mother, and now,
as it fcemcth, to your Lordftiip. God is my witnefle, I have never
denyed either juftice, or favour (which was fo be /uftified,) to this
man, or any other, that had the lead relation to your good and moft
noble Mother. And I hope your Lordftup is perfvvaded thereof. If
your Lordftiip will give me leave (withoutyour Lordftiips trouble)
to wait upon you, at anytime this day, your Lord (hip (hall appoint,
! .would impart two or three words unto your Lordftiip, concerning-
your Lordftiips own bufinefTe. Remainin^ever, &c.
the Lord Keeper to the Duke*
it fletfejour Crtce,
Qw thatlundcrftandbySir John Hipflejhow things (land be-
n your Grace and the Earl of Brijlol I have done with that
Lord, and- will never think of him otherwife,then as your Grace (hall
direft. Nor did I ever write one fyllabie to that effcd, biit in con-
templation of performing true fervice to your Grace.
1 was much abufed in the Lady Hennage her Vice- Count-edit p, be--
ing made to believe, it was your Grace's ad, orclfcl had ftayed it
finally, (until the Princes return) as I did for a time. If your Grace
will give any directions in matters of that nature, I can purfue them,
MyLordTreafurers fons Wardfhipis a thing of no moment at all^
and.not worthy your Graces thinking of. And in good faith as far
as getting, and Covetoufrreffe will giv him leave, Ido not fee, but-
that Ijsrd is (fince your abfence) very refpedive of your Grace,efpe-
cially in your own perfon, and affair*. I never received any anfwer
from your Grace concerning the Provoftfhipof ex/e, nor was it
goodjnanners for me to preffe for the fame, becaufe in my Letters I
idprjcfwnfle.tojiaiBemy felf. The place is. mine to beftow.fur thi^.
time,.
The Lord Ktepr to the Dttkc. 85
time, and not bis Majefties, nor the Collcdges. But I do very wil-
lingly refctve the Collation of the fame,to be difpofed as your Grace
(hall pleafe. Yet this will be a fufficient anfwer to any former pro-
mife, or any reafonable Competitor.
His Majeftie (as your Grace beft knowetb) promifed me at the
delivery of the Seal a better Bifhoprick, and intended it certainly, if
any fiich had fallen. My Charge is exceeding great, my Bribes are
vcrpfctle, my Bifhoprick, Deanery, and other Cemmcndains do not
clear unto me above one thoufand pounds a year at theuppermoftv
It hath pleafed God, that the cafualties of my office, (which is all
the benefit of the fame, and enriched my Lord ElfmorJ hath not
been worth to me thcfe two years pad one fhiiling.Ic may mend when
itpleafeth God.
I leave all thefe, and my fclf, who am your Vaflal, at your Lorc!-
(hips feet, and do reft ,&c.
Vour Graces, &c.
T rJ&&at3H1o?;a<!9 Koi3,v>jL ! v
J.L.C.S.
Ptffcript.
*\ \ Ay it pleafe your Grace, I troubled his HighnefTe with a long
i-Vl relation of the Confulto we had about his Majefties taking of
the Oath. Which I had written to your Grace, and not to his High-
nefle, but that I was frighted by great men, that I had -done his
Highneffe a difpleafure in prefling his Majefties aflent unto the fame.
And Iprotefl I was fo poorly accompanied in my opinion, that I
was truly afraid I had not done well. And therefore I took-occafion
to write my reafons at large unto the Prince. Which I heard by Sir
John Hifjley from your Grace was well Taken. I humbly thank ^our
Grace, who I know forwarded the fame. And fo I perceive by a
Letter from his Highneffe fo full of fweetneffe, as I am overwhelmed;'
f. L. C. S.
TI*
D
Ike Lord Keeper to the Duke. 6. January.'
1623.
itfltafejour Grace,
On Frtncifco being with me this night, about a pardon for a poor
Irijh man, whom I reprieved from execution, at the fuit of thofe
Gcntlemenof Afat/rfm*, which are here with the Marquefle, let Ml by
a kind of fuppofition (affirming the matter to be as yet in the vlfcnb,
and not fully (haped, and digefted) words to this effed.
That if the King of Spain (hould make a double marriage with the
fecond Brother of France, and his Sifter, and beftow the Palati-
nate as a Dower upon his fifter, in what cafe were we then ?
- I tnfwered, That we (hould be then, in no worfccafe ( for ought
I knew) then we are now : but that germany might be in a far better
cafe. Peradventure it was but a word let fall to terrific me withal.
But your Grace may make that ufe of it, as to underftand the lan-
guage, if your Grace (hall hear any mention thereof hereafter. I
am very glad, and do give God thanks par le mejora d fit hijucla her-
moftjjlma. And do reft, &c.
Surely the French Enibafladour is fecret and more fufpeded then
formerly by the People.
Mr. John Packer to the Lerd Kteper, 2 1. Janua
ry, 1423.
Lord/hip^
Since my coming hither, finding my Lord at good opportunity, I
have acquainted him in what perplexity I found yourLordfhip at
my coming from Wffimixfltr^nd upon what reafon.And though I am
forrie I can make no comfortable relation of his anfwer, yet becaufe
itfo much importeth your Lordfhip to know in what terms you
ftand, I could not conceal it from you, being agreeable to thofe re-
ports your Lordftiiphath already heard.faving that his Grace told
me, he doth not fcek yourruine (as fome others had related) but
onely will hereafter ceafe to ftudy your fortune, as formerly he hath
done; and withal added the reafon, that your Lordfhip hath run a
courfc oppofite to him,which though he had caufe to take ill at your
hands
Mr. John Packer to the Duke. 87
hands, yet he could have oafled it over , if it had been out of con-
fcience, or affedion to his Ma jetties fervice, or the Publiquegood,
but being both dangerous to your countrie, and prejudicial to the
caufcof religion (which your Lordftiip above all other men fhould
have laboured to upholdj he thought, he could not with reafon conr
tinue that ftridnefle of friendship, where your Lordfliip had made
fuch a fepamion.efpecialiy having divers times out of his love to you,
afiayd to bring you into the right way, which once you promifed to
follow ; but the two laft times you met in Councel, he found, that
you took your kue juft as other men did, and joyncd with them in
their opinions, whofe aim was to tax his proceedings in the mana-
ging of the Princes bufinefTc. But inftead of laying it upon him, they
did no lefle, then throw dirt in the Princes teeth. For either they
would make him a >mVw,or put therefufai of|he Ladie upon his
Highneffe, and to lay an afpcrfion upon his carriage there. His
Lordfhips Condufion with me was, that for any carriage of his, he
defireth no other favour, but that the greateft Councel in England
may be judge of it, and the like he wiftieth for other mens afttonf.
Yet I did what I could to pcrfwadehis Grace to expoftulate the mar-
ter with your Lordftiip, which he told me, he would no more do,
having done it already, but found no other fatifaction, but that by
your practife you rejected what he had faid, and belide% clivulged
what had pafled between you,as he evidently perceived meeting with
it among others. Whereby you gained onely thus much, that they
eftcemed of you, as of a man fit, by reafon of your paffion, to fetafl
on fire, but held you not worthy oftru(l : becaufe you, that would not
be true to him, would never be fo to them.
My Lord, this is a part I would never have chofen, but being im-
pofed by your Lordfhip, I could do you no better fervice then faith-
fully, and plainely to difcharge it, leaving the ufc to your Lordships
wifedom, and ever reiling
Your Lordftiips mod humbly ae
command,
Tht
eg
'The LordKecfer to\ht Vkt* 2. FcLurary,
M*j it pleafejour Grace,
NOt prefuming to write unto your Grace being fo offended at
me, but refolved with forrow, and Patience, to try what I was
able to fuffer, without the leaft thought ofoppofition againft your,
abfolute pleafure ; hisHignefle hath encouraged, and commanded
the contrary, afTuring me (which I cannot repeat again without
tearcs) that upon his credit, your Grace neither did, nor doth con-
ceive any fuch real diftaft againft me, but did onely fufped I had
conceived his Highnefles mind in that full manner, which his High-
neffe himfelf, is now fully fatisfied. I did not. In the which er-
rour, andmiftakeofthe Prince his rcfolution, for want of confe-
rence with your Grace, or fome other, I did (as I freely confefled}
offend his High nefle, but not your Grace at all. Being ever refol-
ved to ftand,or fall (though diverfified in opinion) Your Graces
moft faithful and conftantfervant. I humbly therefore befeechyour
Grace firft to receive back this enclofed Letter of Mr. Prfc^r/,and
to burn the fame, then to receive my foule in gage and pawn.
1. That I never harboured in this bread one thought ofoppofi--
tion to hurt your Grace from thefirfthourl fa w your face.
2. I never confulted (much lefle praftifed) witn any Lord of that
Commitec to vote on the one or the other lide.
3; I do not know that Lord in England, that hath any defign
againft your Grace, and when I (hall know any fuch, whofoever it
be, I fhall be his enemy as long as he continueth fo unto your
Grace.
4. I do not know (nor do I believejbut that your Grace ftands as
firm in his Majefties favour, and in his Highnefle as ever you did in
all your life.
5. 1 never made the leaft (hew of fiding with any oppofue Lord
onto your Grace, and I dctie any man, that (hall avow it.
6. I never divulged your Graces,or the fecrets of any man.
In the next place, I do moft humbly and heartily crave your Gra- .
ces pardon,for fufpeding (that is the utmoft of my offence), fo true,
real, and Noble a friend. Yet that I may not appear a very beaft,
give me leave once to remember and ever after to forger, the mo-
tives, which drew me fo to do, And I will do it in the fame order
they came into my head.
i' Your ,p. raccs cha rge upon me at York houfc. that I was a man
odious to all the world.
2. Michels
r -^ ^
Tfo Z*r<? Keeper 10 tit Duke.
2. Lfrticheh Voluntary Confeflion, that my Lord oWWm/ (hew-
ed him a Letter from Spain, avowing ,that the firft action your Grace
would imbarque your fclf in, fhould be to remove me out of this
place, which the lead word of your mouth unto me, is able to
do.
3 . A report of the Venetian Emba(Tador t that amongft others,yout
Grace intended to facrifice me this Parliament to appeafc the diflike
of immunities exercifed towards the Catholiqucs.
4. Your Graces motion unto my felf concerning my place (which
now I abfolutely know proceeded out of love) at White-hall.
5. A moft wicked lie, that one told, he heard your Grace move
his Highnefle to fpeake unto me to quit my place, after your Graces
profeflions of friendfhip to me.
6. Mr. Secretarie CVw<>/and my Lord O/i/r'-r eftrangcdnefle
from me,which I fufpefted could not be (for I ever loved them both)
but true copies of your Graces difplcafure.
I have opened to my trucft friend all myfoftncr thoughts, and be-
in g fully fatisfyed by his Highnefle how falfe they arc in every parti-
cular, do humbly crave your Graces pardon, that I gave a nights
lodging to any of them all.
Although they never transported me a jott further, then to look
about how to defend my felfjbcing refolved(as God (hall be my pro-
tector) to fuffer all the obloquie of the world, before I would be
drawn to the leaft ingratitude againft your Grace. All thatl beg is
an aflurance of your Graces former Love,and I will plaincly profeflc
what I do not in the leaft beg or defire from your Grace.
1. No Patronage of any corrupt orunjuft ad which (hall be ob
jecled againft me this Parliament.
2. No defence of me, if it (hall appear I betrayed my King, or my
Religion in favour of the Papift, or did them any real rcfpccl: at all,
befides ordinary complements.
3. Norefuge in any of cnycaufes, or clamours againft me (which
upon a falfe fuppofal of your Graces difpleafure may be many)
otherwife then according to juftice, and fair proceeding,
And let this paper bear record againft me at the great Parliament
of all, if I be not in my heart, and foul, your Graces moft faithful and
conftant poor friend and Servant.
His Highnefle defires your Grace to move his Ma/eftie to accept
ofmyLord^^w commiflion, and to procure me leave to fend foe
him. Alfo to move his Majeftie that my Lord of Hartford may be in
the houfe, accepting his fathers place, and making his pro. ccftacion
N to
rht Beds of that ntfcwfe whi'k fell frmDon Francifro
to fue for his Grandfathers, according to his Majefties La wes, wiien
the King (hall give him leave. His Highnefle, and my Lords do hold
this a modeft and fubmifiive Petition.
His Highnefle upon very deep reafons, doubts whether it be fafe to
put all upon the Parliament, for fear they (hould fall to examine par-
ticular Difpatches, wherein they cannot but find many Contradicti-
ons. And would have the propofition onely to ayd for the recovery
of the Palatinate. To draw on an engagement I propound it might
be, toadvifehis Majeftie how this recovery (hall be effected , by
reconquering the fame, or by a War of diverfion. This will draw
on a breach with Spain, without ripping up of private difpatches.
His Highnefle feemed to like well hereof, and commanded me to ac-
quaint your Grace therewith, and to receive your opinion. I humbly,
crave again two lines of affurance, that I am in your Grace's opinion
as I will ever be indeed, &c.
The Httds of that Diftwrfe which fell from Don Francifco,
7.DicAprilis, 1624. at LI. oftheclockat
night.
7 bis Relation msfent fy the Lard Keeper to the Dtth.
TTOw he came to procure his accefles to the King. The Marquefle
Flputting D on Carlos upon the Prince and Duke in a difcourfe,
thruft a Letter mto the Kings hand, which he defircd the King to read
in private; The King faid he would, thruft it into his pocket, and
went on with his difcourfe, as if he had received none. The effect
was, to procure private accefle for Don Francifco to come and fpeak
with the King, which his Majeftie appointed by my Lord of Keileji
and he by his fecrefie, who dcfigned for Don Frawifco time and
place.
At his firft acceflfe, he told the King, That his Majeftie was a pri-
foner, or at leaftwife befieged, foasno man could be admitted to
come at him. And then made a complaint againft the Duke, that he
aggravated, and pretended accufations againft Spain; whereas its
onely offence was, that they refufedto give unto him equal honour,
and observance, as they did unto his HighncfFe. And that this was
she only caufc of his hatred againft them.
-At
At II. tftktfkck 41 9ttgbt.
At the laftacceffc, which wasfome 4. dayes ago, he made a long
inveftive, and remonftrance unto the King, which he had put into
writing in Spani(h,whicb he read unto me.correfted with the hand of
Don G*r/0/, which I do know. It was feme what general, and very rhe-
torical, if not tragical for the ftile. The heads of what I read were'
thefe, z/i*.
1. That the King was no more a freeman at this time, then King
John of France when he was prifoner in England,orKing Francis when
he was at Malrid. Being beliegcd and clofed up with the fervants
and yaffils of Buckingham.
2. That the Embafladours knew very well, and were informed 4.
mone hs ago, that his Majeftic was to be reftrained, and confined to
his Country houfe, and paftimcs, and the Government of the State
to be affumed and difpofed of by others, and that this was not con-
cealed by Buckingham followers.
3 . That the Duke had reconciled himfelf to all the popular men of
the State, and drawn them forth out of prifons, reftraints, and con-
finements to alter the Government of theState at this Parliament,as
Oxford, South- t>ampto*^ Say, and others, whom he met at Suppers and
Ordinaries to ftrengthen his popularity.
4. That the Duke to breed an opinion of his own greatncfle^ and
to make the King grow lefle,hath oftentimes brag'd openly in Par-
liament, that he had made the King yield to this and that, which was
pleafure unto them. And that he mentioned openly before the Houfes
his Majefties private oath, which the Embafladors have never fpokeri
of to any creature to this hour.
5 . That thefe Kingdomes are not now governed by a Monarch,but
by a Triumviri, whereof Buckingham was the firft and chiefeft, the
Prince the fecond, and the King the laft; and that all look towards
So/em Orieniem.
6, That his Majeftie (hould (hew himfelf to be, as he was reputed,
theoldeft and wifeft King in Enrofe, by freeing himfelf from this
Captivity, and eminent danger wherein he was, by cutting off fo
dangerous and ungrateful an affecler of greatneffe and popularity's
the Duke was.
7, That he defired his Majeftie to conceal this his free dealing with
him, becaufe it might breed him much peril and danger. And yet
if it were any way available for his fervice, to reveal it to whom he
pleafed, becaufe he was ready to facrifice his life to do him accept-
able fervice.
N 2 Ao4
atnate
And this was the effeft of fo much of the penned fpcech as I re-
member was read unco me out of the Spanifh Copy.
His Majeftie was much troubled in the time of this fpcech.
His offer to the King for the refliwion of the
Palatinate.
TO have a Treaty for three moneths for the reftitution, and that
money was now given in Spain to fatisfie Bavaria. That in the
mean time becaufe the people were fo diftruftful of the Spaniard, the
King might fortifie hirafelf at home, and affift the Hollanders with
men or money at his pleafure. And the King of Spain (hould not be
offended therewith.
j **, His opinion of our preparing of this NAV'W.
TT was a defign of the Duke, to go to the Ports of Sevll^ and there :
*to burn all the Ships in the Harbour, which he laught at.
Speeches which he, f Aid fell from his MAJefie concerning
the Prince.
Hat when he told the King, that his greatnefle with the Duke
f fl . ^ m * 7n / f /
was as well arTecled to that Nation as heart could defire, and as well
difpofcd as any fon in Europe-; but now he was ftrangely carried
away with rafli, and youthful Councels, and followed the humour
of Rucki*gkAr t who had he knew not how many Devils within him
fince that journey.
Conctrring t
i. 'T^Hat he could not believe yet, thathe affeded popularity to r
JL his difad vantage. Becaufe he had tryed him of purpofe,and
commanded him to make difaflfcfting motions to the houfes, which.
he performed, whereby his Majcftic concluded, he was not popu-
* That
The Lor&Keeftr tt the Duke. $ 3
2. That he defired^ Don Francifco, and the EmbafTadours (and
renewed this requcft unto them by Padre Maeftro two dayes ago,) to
get him any ground to charge him with popular courfes, or to in-
creafe a fufpition of it, and he would quickly take a courfe wit-h
him.
j. That he had good caufe to fufpeft the Duke of late, but he had
nofervantof his own, that would charge him with any particular j,
nor knew he any himfelf.
The end (as was cone five A) of Don Francifco's defoing.
tbi* Conference.
HE had heard that the Duke had puflitat me in Parliament, and
intended to do fo again, when he had done with the Treafurer,
and therefore (hewed, that if I would joyn to fet upon him with the
King, there was a fit occafion.
I anfwered, that the Prince and the Duke had preferred IRC into-
my place, and kept me in it, and if I found them purfuing 1 would noc
keep it an hour. That what favour foever I (hewed the Embafla-
dour, or Catholiques, I did it for their fakes, and had thanks of them
for it. And that I would deal by way of counfel with the Duke to be
temperate, and moderate j but to be in opposition to my friend, and
Patron, I knew he (being one that profeffed fo much love unto me)
would never expcd from an honeft man. Upon the which anfwer he
feemed latisficd, and never replyed word in that kind.
I made an end of writing thcfe notes about two of the clock in the
morning..
The Lord Keeper to the Dttke, concerning Sir Richard Wcfton,
24. May. 1624.
it p/etfe your Grace , .
I. Hold it my duty to give your Grace a prefent account of this la-
tent made for Sir Richard weflon. Having put off the fealing of
the fame as fairly as I could (though not without the clamour of
one L*ks> a fervant of Mr. Chvcclvttrs t who very faucily preft for
a difpatch,) this morning, Mr. Chancelour fpake with me himfelf, ta
wKomTmade anfwer, That I would feal his Patent, according ta
fcis Majefties Warrant, but would retain it in my hands (aI was d
Tfo Lvd Keeper to tie Dttke.
reed,) until I cither fpake with the King, or received his farther
Command in that behalf. He told me he would write unto your
Grace concerning the ftay thereof, and the ftand of the Kings bufi-
nefle, until it were delivered, whichcourfe(I told him) was very fair.
After I acquainted his Highneflewith my fealingand retaining of the
Patent, and asked him,if he knew thereof. His HighnefTe anfwered,
he did'know thereof, but gave no approbation of thecourfe, and
(although he durft not fpeak to crofle it) he hoped I {hould have
directions from the King to pull off the Seals again. Three houres
after I went to his HighnefTe the fecond time, and asked him , if he
meant really as he fpake, or intended onely to make me believe fo. I
defired to know his mind, left I might fteer my courfe contrary to his'
intendmenc. His Highneffe anfwered, He meant really, and would
endeavoHi to effectuate all that he fpake. Which I thought very
fitting for your Grace to know with all fpeed.
But for the man bimfelf, I muft deliver unto your Grace my con-
fciencc. For ought I ever faw in him he is a very honeft, and a very
fufficient man, and fuch a one, as I never in all my life could obferve
to be any way falfe, or unfaithful unto your Grace. He was brought
in by your Grace fore againft my will, (as your Grace may call to
mind, what I faid to your Grace at Woodftock to that effecY) not
that I difliked the Gentleman, but becaufe I was afraid he would be
wholly the Treafurcrs, who began then to out-top me , and appea-
red to my thoughts, likely enough by his daring and boldnefle, (two
virtues very powerful and active upon our Royal Mafter,) in time to
do as much to your Grace. From that time to this, I never obferved
inyVtfto* any unworthinefle,or ingratitude to your Grace. Nay,cra-
ving pardon, I will proceed one ftep farther, I know no fitter man in
England for the office, if he come in as a creature of the Prince, and
your Grace's 5 nor unfitter,if he (hould offer to take it,without your
likings. I think your Grace will remember, that this fortnight, this
hath been my conftant opinion.
Upon the death of one Mr. Read, the Secretaries place for the La-
tine tongue is void. The Dean of Winehcfter, and I moved, the
King for Patrickr<>tfg t the fitteft man in England for that place.
And the Prince did, and will fecond the motion. I Befeech your
Grace to affift us,or els the immodefty of his Competitor (that Lake
I fpake of in the beginning of this Letter) will bear down this moft
honeft, and baftiful creature.
God be thanked for your Graces recovery and ftill preferve it.
And fo &c.
The
The Lerel&tcpcy to tbt D*kt, 22. Auguft.
May itpletfejourGrtce, .
IHutnbiy thank your Grace for your favourable andGratious
remembrance, fcnt by my Neighbour Sir fyorge Coring. Though
Idefpaireto be able to make any other requital, yet will I never
fail to ferve your Grace moft faithfully, and when I grow unufeful
in that kind, to pray for you,
I befeech your Grace, that I may receive from the Prince's High-
neffe, and your Grace, fomc directions how to demean my felf to the
French Emba(Tador v in matters concerning Recufant?, and that Mr.
Secretary may either addreflc himfelftoMr. Atturny General in
thefe caufcs, or elfe write unto me plainely what I am to do.
His laft letter required of me, and the Judges (who neither are,nor
will be in town thefe fix weeks yet,) an account of this their fuppofed
perfecution, neither fomuch as intimating unto me what, or when
J (hould return ananfwer .and fuppofeth fome directions his Maje-
ftie (hould give me therein, the which (particularly, or dividcdly
from the Judges) I never received.
I adventured out of mine own head to write that anfwer,! Imagine
your Grace hath feen, whether I did well, or ill therein I know nor, ,
but conceived his Majeftie expected fome anfwer. Yefterday the '
Embaflador fent unto me, to know if I had received any order from
his Majeftie to Hay this (ashetearmed it) perfecution. I aflured
him, there was no fuch matter in thisftate,and thatasyet, I had re-
ceived no order from his Majeftie of late,but was in expectation to
hear from the Court very (hortly. I humbly crave your Graces
directior.Sj what I am to fay, or do in thepremifes^beingotherwifea
meerftranger in all thefe proceeding?. I write to no bodie herein
befides your Grace, fo as if I receive no direction, (which upon my
head, and livelihood I (hall burie in all fccrefie) I (hall be in a piti-
ful perplexity, if his Majeftie (hall turn the Embaflador upon me, al-
together unprovided how to anfwer* And fo with my hartieftpray- -
cts for your Graces health, I reft
yours, &c.
Vke Lo,e(Keeptn<>t1jeDke. 21. July
Ma] it flttjejettr Graee^
| Could not fuffer Sir George goring to depart without thefc few
J. lines y although the greateft matter of their contents muftbcthis,
to exprefle unto your Grace my forrow, and affliction, that I have
no matter or occafion at all, wherein to (hew actuallie my afte&ions
and earneft defires to comply with rny bounden duty in ferving your
.Grace, and humbly to defire your Grace to believe, that there is no
foul living (hall do it more fincerely, and faithfully to the utmoft
of my underftanding, then my felf will do. I add this Caution the
rather, bccaufe if ever I have offended your Grace, I take Almigh-
ty God to witneffe, it was onely for want of a perfeft underftanding
.ofthofehigh matters, and the perfons bent, whom they concerned,
not out of any corruption of affedions to wards your Grace, or the
1 eaft daggering in a continued refolution to live.and dic,your Gra-
ces moft conftant, and moft faithful fervant.
This ,God in heavcn(who fecth what I now write,) and the King,
and Prince upon earth, do perfectly know, and I (nothing doubt it)
will acknowledg unto your Grace. And thus with my moft humble
thanks unto your Grace for that aflurance I received, that I remain
(though unimployed and unprofitablely) yet in your Graces good
affcdion, I befeech Almighty God to preferveyour health, and to
increafe your favourdaVj by day with God, with the King, with the
Prince, and with all good men. Tn daily vowes of &c.
The Ltrd Keeper to the Duke concerning the Cotwteffe of
South Hampton 17. Novcmb. 1624.
May it pleafe jour Grace,
I Know how few arguments I need to ufe to perfwade your Grace
to works ofNoblcnefle, and charity. Your faihion hath been
ever fince my happinefle of dependence upon you, to outrun, and
prevent all petitions in this kind. Yet pardon my boldnefle to be an
humble fuitor unto your Grace to go on, as I know you have alrea-
dy begun, in extending your Grace, and goodncffe towards the moft
diftrctfedwiddow, and children of my Lord of Sottth-hwftoM.Yout
Grace cannot do any work of charity more approved of by God,
.more acceptable unto men , and that (hall mpre recommend the
memory
Th Lord Rxper Ht&eDiilte.
memory of your NoblenefTc to future pofterity- Sir WitUm Sptncir
( the onely Sollir itor this forrowful Lady hath now to imploy,) will
prcfent fome particulars unto your Grace., whom God ever preferve
in all health, and happinefle. And fo, &c.
The Lord Keeper to the Duke, 1 1. O&ob. i 24.
Ma,) it fletfejottr Grace,
\ 7 \ 7Ith ray moft humble and hearty thanks for all your favours
V V extended, and multiplyed daily towards me in ficknefTe and
health, which are fuch, and fo many* that (although I truft in God I
(hall never prove fo inhumane as to fail in any fervicc.or faithfulnefle
to your Grace J I muft for all that ever live, and die ungrateful. I
thought f\t to return unto your Grace this account of thcmeflagc
received by your Grace's Steward.
I fpake with that Lord, and although he feemed to be quite off
from the bufinefle, and had (to my knowlcdg) difpofed of his money
for a great, and a fair purchafe here in 0W<?,and was refolved never
to touch any more upon VVttt StcVetrct^ (who had touched fome what
of his,) and with whom he had agreed for 4000 1. yet hearing the
propofuion to come fo intirely from me, as proceeding immediately
from your Grace, whofe good favours this Lord (I proteft unto your
Grace) hath earneftly deiired, and if at any time he hath ftragglcd
aiide from the Prince's defires, and yours, it was merely and folely
becaufe he thought he was not fo much relied upon as others of his
rank. He promifctk me fometime to morrow a rcafonable anfwcr.
His mtttrial Ofy&ions Vtere thefe.
i. /^Uantity of the money; fo as firft and laft he is out idoool.
*** whereas Cavendifk his Countryman and neighbour got up
from a Gentleman, for 14000. 1. I anfwered, That I obferved your
Grace never got by any of thefe bargains, but that in this compare
of a year or two, your favours exceed any gratuity prefented.
2. Precedencie before yVallingford^ and efpecially fine. I did
promife(foryourfervice)to difpute thelatter,butcoukHisu nothing
to the former, becawfe he was a Vikount, and his far ancienter
Baron.
3. Your trace's favour, and reflection upon himfelf, (bred up in
O the
Tfa Iwd Ketfe? to the Diifa^
the experience of war and peace, ) and upon his fons, all of them well
bred, but moft towards the War. I did anfwer generally, that upon
his application of himfelf towards your Grace,! made little doubr,but
he fhould receive good fatisfadtton in thofe ex pe dances;
4. Times of payment. I told him I knew he would demand but a
convenient time therein, and that I knew your Grace would never
Hand upon.
If I have erred in any of thefc addreffes, I pray let your Steward
comej and reform me therein ; as alfo to tell me, whether if I find
s him coming forward, I may not fay unto him, That your Lordfhip
npon a former motion of mine, was willing upon the next change of
fiheCommiffionfortheCounceloftheWar, to adde him unto the
number.
I propofe this,
1. Becaufe 'tis a new thing.
2. Becaufe he defircs fome excufe unto the World, by reafon of
feme future fervices, why his Ma jeftie (hould receive him unto this
honour. I have wearied my felf , and by this time (which doth lefle
become me) your Grace too. Ibefecch your Grace to pardon the
blottings and extravagancies , my head being yet but meanly fettled.
I befeech God to.blcflc your Grace. Andfo,&c,
Ay it pleafe your Grace, this Lord hath returned his anfwer,,
which in good faith fecmcthto be with due refpcd unto your
Grace.
1. That although the-place was offered him for 4000!. yet be-
caufethe Offer proceeds from your Grace, (which hevowethto
cfteem as an efpecial favour as long as he livcth Jhe will pay to whom
you (hall affign 5000 1. and account it a real obligation of fervice to
your Grace for ever, if you (hall remit him the other thoufand
pound.
2. That for the time, with humble thanks for your noble favour
(which becometh not him to take in appointing the time) he returns
it to your Grace to nominate cwo daics of payment,as your Steward,
or the perfon affigned (hall think meet and fit for your Graces occa-
ftonSjdefiring fome fmall refpitc for the former, but as little as the
pfty pleafe afterwards for the fccond payment : for his Lordfliip will
fend in for his moneys forthwith. And he will give his bonds, or
(which I hold fuperfluous from fo fure a Card^ his Morgage in prc-
ftfet for both payments. 3 ^
The Lwd Keyer to the Vnke.
3. If your Grace (hall make him your fcrvant with this favour
fo nobly condidon'd, he hopes your Grace may proceed on with his
Patent thus forward, without any ftay for any other Corrival, whicb
notwithstanding he humbjy refers.
4. But defires, if his prefentmcnt be accepted, he may hae leave
by me to render his thanks unto your Grace personally fometimc to
morrow.
And fo I leave your Grace for this time in Gods protection. And
reft
The Lord Keeper to the 'Duke. 24. Decem-
ber, 1624.
mof Gratiotu Lord,
I'Moft hambly befeech your Grace for Gods fake,and hisChurcheSv
to consider of this motion, which I do make unto your Grace, con-
cerning the Deanerie of Torl^ now vacant,thc Dean being ftruck dead
fuddenly,by a Letter,whichoncDr..$Vtf procured from h is Majeftic,
to be his Coadjutour.
It is not for any man in particular ; but againft Doctor Scot, that
he may not by the importunity of any one upon your Grace be pro-
moted to this place, being the fixth, or fcventh place of preferment
Ecclefiaftical within this Kingdom, but that your Grace would be
plcafed to remove Dodor white*, or Dodor Hati^ or whom your
Grace (hall pleafe, unto this great Deanery, and bellow the leflec
Deanerie (far above his merit) upoa him.
For thefe Rcafons.
1 . I know that he hath fold away all his Livings which he hath bad
in this Church, and hath at this day never an one.
2. I am credibly informed, he owcth 5000 1. attheleaft. A vaft
fumme for a poor Scholar, and too much to be got up in a pooc
Church; Andmoftof this money in York.
3. I know he is a great Gamefter, and of no fitting convention
for aChurch-man j but of very mean parts, either of Learning, or
government.
4. I am certified at this time, that he is a man oftca pvcrfcen ia
drink j but this I do not know.
O z If
flit lirt Rteftrto tl* Duke.
If therefore your Grace (hall be pleafed, upon my Lord Mordant* <
importunity to procure him any Deanerie, I do not doubt but his
Lordfhip will be fatisfied, and that Church eternally obliged unto-
you for that Commutation. And I befeech your Grace to believe
him,.thatisnoway interefted herein, that it concerns your Grace
very' much in credit, and reputation, that fo mean a man Camongft
fuch a choice as the Church of England doth afford,) be not by your
favour preferred to fo high a dignity. God be merciful to my fms,as
I have no end herein but your Honour, and the good of that Church,
and therefore I recommend no particular man unto your Grace, but
do reft
Yours, &c.
The Lord Keeper to the Dttke> concerning Dr. Scott,
4. January, 1624.
I Humbly befeech you to interpret favourably, what I faid unto his
Majeftie or his Highneflc, as intending to put off Dr. Scott from
this place. And no way (God be my witncfle) to crofle your Grace,
nor to hurt Scot, who might have been otherwaies fufficiently pro-
Tided for.
But I fhould have written or fpoken unto your Grace ? fo I did
hi this Letter enclofed ,upon Cbriftmtfc Eve. But I confefle I durft
not fe.nd it, for fear of offending your Grace, which I do take all pof*
fible diligence to avoid.
But, I fpake unto the King, and Prince/ I did fo ; but with this
caution,(which I know they do rernember,)that if your Grace would
not upon the motion exchange Scot to fome other preferment, I did
not hold it fit. to preflethefe charges againft him, but would do my
endeavour to (till and quiet thofe of the Church of Tor^ who (I
sonfefle unto your Grace) are the men that have written agarnft
him.
But I recommended Dr. Wkite^ and another to the Prince, and
"Dt.yy*rner to your Grace : I confefle it, but muft diftinguifh the
tim) and the manner. I commended D r . Wtrner^ when I was
informed D r . while had his anfwer, and denial, and that your Grace
w**off. from Dr. Scot t and did defire to hear from me, what Doctor
3 whomlrecommeaded onely in general terms upon the
The Lord Keftr to the Duke. 101
fuit of another. What I faid of him, I believe, and kno w to be true,
but he is fo far from being any creature of mine, that I proteft before
the Almighty God, I never fpake one word with the man to this very
hour in ail my life. I did conceive fo meanly of Doctor ,SV0f,that no
worthy man in the Kingdom fhould have failed of my recommenda-
tions in this particular.
Now I know your Grace's refolution, I do alter my opinion, and
humbly crave your Grace's pardon for my meddling therein, al-
though I know his Highnefle will bear me vvitnefle, it was with all
dutiful refpeft unto your Grace. I (hall be very careful of giving
your Grace the leaft caufe of jealoufie in this kind again. And
whereas I had put a poor fuit in your Grace's hands about the helping
of mypoor fortunes, I will let that, and all others fall, and defire
oncly to be accounted
Yours, &c.
The Lord Keeper to the Duke^ 2. March,
Maj it fleAfeyour Grace r
THis heavy,and unexpected accident of ray Lord Stewards death,
makes me to be troublefome unto your Grace at this time. In
fafety and difcretion, I might very eafily fpare this labour : but my
obligation to your Grace is fuch,as if that I conceal any tbing,which
but my felf apprehends fit to be reprefented to your Grace, whilcft I
affect the title of a referved, clofe, and wife, I may lofe the other of
an honeft roan, which I more efteem.
Thus much by way of preface.
I reprefcnt this office of a Lord Steward, as a place to be either ac-
cepted of by your felf, or elfe to be discontinued (as for many years
towards the latter end of Queen Elizabeth, and the beginning of our
Matters raign it was) and in any cafe, not to be placed upon another,
without the deliberation of fomc few years at the leaft. Being an
office, that none but the Kings Kinfmen, or Favorites, or Counter-
favourites (raifcd up of purpofe to ballance the great one) have an-
ciently pofleffed : I could defire your Grace had it in your own*
perfon ; for thefe Reafons.
1. It is an office of fair, and very competent gettings, but that is
fcarceconfiderable.
2. It keeps you in all changes and alterations of years neerth*
King, and gives unto you all the opportunities, and acceffes, without
the cnvie of a favorite. I befeech your Grace paufe well upon this,,
and call to mind, if the Duke of Richmond was not in this cafe.
3. It Givesyou opportunities to gratifie all the Court, great and
fmall, Virtute Officii in right of your place. Which is a thing better
accepted of, and interpreted, then a courtefie from a favorite. Be-
caufe in this you are a difpenferofyouroWn ; but in the other (fay
many envious men,) of the Kings goodnefle, which would flow faft
enough of it felf, but that it is retrained to this Pipe and channel
onely.
4. There muft be one day an end of this attendance as a Bed-cham-
ber man, but I hope never of being next unto the King, as a great
Counccller, and officer, and above all others, which you cannot be,
but by this office.The Matter of the horfe is but a Knights place at the
mod, and the Admirals (in time of action) either to be imployed
abroad Perfonallie, or to live at home in that ignominie, and fharne,
as your Grace will never endure to do fo.
I will trouble your Grace with a tale of 1)*Hte the firfl Italian Poet
of note. Who being a great, and wealthie man in Florence, and his
opinion demanded, whoftiould be (ent Embaffador to the Pope,
made this anfwcr,that he knew not who Si jo vo chip^Sijofto cbi va.If
Jgo, I know not who (hall flay at home; if I (lay ,1 know not who
can perform this imployment. Yet your Grace (laying at home in
favour ,and greatneffe with his Majc(lie,may by your defigns and di-
rections fo difpofe of the Admiral, as to in joy the glory , without
running the hazard of his perfonal imployment, My Gracious Lord,
if any man (hall put you in hope, that the Admiralty will fill your
Coffers, and make you rich.call upon them to name one Admiral that
ever was fo. As in time ofhoflility there is fome getting, fo are
there hungry and infatiable people prefently to devourc the fame.
God made man to live upon the land, and neceflity onely drives him
to Sea. Yet is not my advice abfolutcly for your rclinquiftiing of
this, but in any cafe for the retaining of the other place though with
the lode of the Admiraltie.
5. I befeech your Grace obfervc the Earl ofLeittfgr,(wbo being
theoncly favorite in ueen fi*ahtbstime % that was of any conti-
nuance; made choice of this place onely, and refuted the Admiralty
two fcvcral rimes, as being an occafion, either to withdraw him from
the Court,or to leave him there,laden with ignominie. And yet be-
ing Lord Steward, wife, and in favour, he wholly commanded the
Adcmralty,and made it minifterial, and fubordinary to his directi-
* n$ * 6, Remember,
The Lord deeper to the Duke.
6. Remember, that this office is fit for a young,-a middfe, and an
old man to injoy,andfo is not any other thatl know about hisMa-
jefty. Now God almighty having given you favour at the firft,
and fince a great quantity (1 never flattered your Grace,nor do now)
of wit, and wile experience,! would humbly recommend unto your
Grace this opportunity to be neereft unto the King in your young,
your middle, and your decreasing age, that is to be on earth, as your
piety will one day make you in heaven, an everlafting favorite.
There are many objections, which your Grace may make, but if I
find any inclination in your Grace to lay hold upon this propofiti-
on, I dare undertake to anfwer them all. Your Grace may leave
any office you plea fe (if your Grace be more in love with the Admi-
raltie, then I think you have caefe,) to avoid envie. But my final
condufion is this, to defire your Grace moft humbly to put no other
Lord into this office, without juft, and mature deliberation. And to
pardon this boldncfle, and hafte, which makes me to write fo weakly
in a theame,that I perfwadc my felf I could maintaine very valiantly;
I have no other copie of this Letter, and I pray God your Grace be
able to read this. I fend your Grace a Letter delivered unto me from
Cottde Gondomar, and dated either at LMtJrM, or (as I obferve it was
written firft,) at London. There is no great matter at whither of the ,
places it was invented. I humbly befeech your Grace to fend by
this bearer the rcfolution for the Parliament. And do reft
Yours &c.
The Lord Keeper to the Duke about Sr. Robert Howard, ,
i i March 1624.
MAJ it pletfejour Gr*ce r
Sir Robert Howard appeared yefrerdy, and contmues obftinate ifl^
hisrefufal tofwear. When we came toexamin the commiflion
for our power to fine him for this obflinacie, we found that Sir Edr
mrd Cook,, (forefeeing out of a prophetical,how near it might con-
cern a Grandchild of his own day) hathcxpunged this claufe (by
the help of the Earle of J>/<V*rjV,)ont of the commiflion.and left us
nothing but the ruftie fword ofthe church,excommunication s to vin-
dicate the authority of this Court. We have given him day until Sa-
turdy next, icicher to conform, or to be excommunicated. She hath
N ;
1 04 The Lerd Keeper W the Duke.
anfwered wittilie, and cunningly, butyetfufficient for the Conifancc
oftheCourtvConfefleth a fame of incontinencieagainft her s
Howard y but fayeth icwas raifcd by her Husbands kindred. I do not
doubtbutthe bufinefle will goon well, but (perad venture) n ore
ilowly, if Howard continue refractory, for want of this power to fine,
and amerce him. I befeech your Grace, either to procure me the
favour to come, or to excufe my not feeing h< Majeftieinthtstime
of his indifpofition, which I hear ftill continueth.I bcfeech Almigh-
ty God (as in eternal duty I am bound) prefently to eafe him, and re-
ftore him to his perfect health Mr. Packers being away makes me
unmannerly. I am humbly to defire your Grace to be plcafed to
move his Majeftie(at your firft opportunity)to fign thisCommifiion,
for the proroguing of the Parliament, and to read unto his Majc-
ftie this paper of names here inclofed, (whichhisMajeftieisnotto
fign,) .knowing his pleafurc, whether he alloweth of them for Com-
miflioners for the laft fubfide of the Lords. I have added to the for-
mer the Earl of Montgomerie according to your Graces direction,
whom God almighty ever prcferve. It is the prayer of &c,
The Lvrd Keeptr tt the Dftke 1 3 . March, i 24.
it flcafeyourGrace 9
Or your Brothers bufinefle, this is all I have to acquaint your
Grace with. Sir Robert Howard appeared yeftcrday at Lambeth^
pretended want of Counccl, (the Doctors being out of town) de-
fired refpitc until to morrow,and had it granted by my Lords Grace.
Moft men think he will not take his oath at all ; I do incline to the
contrary opinion, becaufe (to my knowledge) he hath fentfar, and
near for the mofl able Doctors in the Kingdom to be feed for him,
which were great follic if he intended not to anfwer. He is extream-
ly commended for his clofenefleand fecrcfie by the major part of
cur auditors , (the Hce and Shee good fellowes of the town,) and
though he ref ufeth to be a Confcflbr, yet is fure to die a Martyr, and
mod of the Ladies in town will offer at his fhryne. The Lady Hat-
ton fome nine daycs fince, was at Stoke, with the good Knight her
Husband for fomecounfel in this particular. Butherefufed to med-
dle therewithal, and difmift her Ladifhip, when (he had flayed with
jiim very lovingly half a quarter of an hour.
The caufe of ray troubling your Grace is this- The French Era-
bifladcr
lie LtrdKaper to tfa Puke.
bafladour is fired with forae complaints of our Recufants [ who
(I verily believe) work upon him purpofely, finding him to be of a
combuftible difpofition. To morrow he is refolved to come upon
you, and our Matter with Complaints, for lack of performances to
the Papifts. And becaufe I would furnilh your Grace with as much
anfwer, as I am acquainted with, (nothing doubting but your Grace
is otherwaies better provided,) I make bold to prefent your Grace
with thefe particulars.
1 . With a Letter from my Lord Archbifhop of York in anfwer to
another of mine ; which (hews how really hisMajefties pro/nife hath
been in that kind performed. I befeech your Grace to keep it fafc
in your pocket, until I (hall have the honour to wait upon your
Grace, when you have made ufe of the fame.
2. If yoisr Grace (hall hear him complain of the Judges in their
charges, and of their receiving of IndiAments; your Grace may an-
fwer, That thofe charges are but orations ofCourfe, opening all the
penal Lawes, and the Indictments being prefented by the Country,
cannot be refufcd by the Judges . But trie Judges are ordered to exe-
cute nothing actually againft the Rccufants,nor will they do ic,during
the negotiation.
3. Your Grace may put him in mind, that my Lord Keeper doth
every day, when his, (the Lord Embafladours) Secretary calls upon
him, grant forth Writs to remove all the perfons indided in the
Country into the Kings Bench, out of the power and reaches of the
Jufticesof the Peace. And that being there, the King may, and
doth releafe them at his pleafure.
4. That the Spanifh Embafladour never had, nor defircd more
then thefe favours.
5. That you arc informed,that Copies of Letters written from the
King to both the Archbiftiops are fpread abroad in Staford{birc t to hi?
Majefties difadvantage (for fo it is) and that thereby my Lord Em-
bafladour may perceive the bent of the Englifh Catholiqucs, which
is not to procure eafe and quietnefle to themfelves, but Scandals to
their neighbouring Proteftants,and difcontentments againft the King
and State.
I humbly crave your Graces pardon for this boldnefle, and tcdi^
oufnelTe, and with my hearty prayers for your health, dp reft
yours, cVc.
3ei>
rl* 1*4 Rupertttk Volt, 2 2. March, 1*24.
May itfhtfejourGrtci,
I Send your Grace here inclofcd, the Kings Comralfiidn, and the
Prince's Proxie, not fairly written, (which the Embafladours upon
the place may procure in a frech hand,) but yet legibly, and paf-
fably. The Prince's Proxie refers the manner unto the articles, and
particularly to the fecond,third,and fourth Sedion of thofe Articles;
which gives meoccafion to beggof your Grace pardon, to defirc
your Grace to think ferioufly upon the third Sedion, to advife with
.the Prince, and to give Mr. Ptcktr charge to inform your Grace
punctually what he knoweth, and may inform himfelf concerning
thofe particulars. That is, How the Queen Market of France was
married to Henry the fourth, and how Madam his lifter was married
to the Prince of Lorrtiit. For although they are both made alike in
the article, yet furely they were not married after the fame faftiion.
For the Dutchefle of Barr was married in a clofet, without a Maffe,
by words onely of thePrefenttenfe, as I believe, I have read in the
Hiftorie of Thttanta. A favour, which will hardly be granted to
your Grace. And how Queen Aftrgtret was married, my Lords the
Embafladours will foon learn, if your Grace will bepleafed to write
unto them.
I hold it fin a manner) neceflary, that your Grace do carrie over
with you in your company one Civilian to put your Grace in mind
of the formalities required ; and if your Grace be of that mind,your
own Dodor, Dr. Reeves is as fit a* any man elfe, who is a good Scho-
lar, and fpeaks that language. Your Grace hath revived my Lord of
CUre y fithencc I fpake with your Grace. And I befeech your Grace
to follow that refolution, and to let Mr. Packer draw up a warrant of
3~or 4. lines figned by the King to me to place him with the reft of
the Councel of War. It will be an occafion to take up more of that
time, which he now fpcnds with the Lady Hatton. For now I am
refolved,that I was of the right in my conjedure to your Grace,that
his Lordftiip had utterly rcfu fed my Lady Pttrbeckj caufe (of the
which the very common peopplc begin to be aftiamedj but is deeply
Dutcheffc engaged againft my Lady of Richmond jn the bufinefle of that famous
of.Rich- (or rather notorious) fceminine Contrad, and bargain> of fixteen
stnnil. hundred pounds by the year for a houfe to fleep in.
When your Grace (hall draw up your Inftrudions, you will be
pleafed to ufe the words, To Contrad, Efpoufe and marrie Our
Welbetoved Son, &c. becaufc they do in thofe parts contrad alwaies
before
Ike S//fo/>*/ Lincoln u lie Duh.
before marriage. And your Grace will be pjeafed to expreflchii
Majefties pleafurc, that this is to be done by your felf,and no other :
Becaufe although the two Earls upon the place, have fomc fuch ge-
neral words in their Commiffion, yet your Grace only is named in
the Prince's Proxie, and now folely imployed by the Kingtothac
purpofe. Although I conceived this reftraint to be fitter a great deal
for the inftruftionSjthcn the Cemmiflion.
I am extream forry to hear what a grievous fit his Majeftichad
this laft night. But I hope it is a farewef of the Agues, and I pray
God it be the laft fit. And now am an humble fuitor again, that I
may come and look upon his Majeftie, refolved to fay nothing, buc
that which I will never ceafe to fay, God blefle him. If your Grace
holds it inconvenient, I bcfeech your Grace to excufc me, and to ac-
count me as I will ever be found,
Yours, &c.
The Bifiop of Lincoln to tbs Vukt, 7 th . of
January, 1625.
Mop (jrttiotu Lord,
BEing come hither, according unto the dutic of my place, to do my
beftfervice for the preparation to the Coronation, and to wait
upon his Majeftie for his Royal pleafure and direction therein ; I do
moft humbly befeech your Grace, to crown fo many of your Grace's
former favours, and to revive a Creature of your own , ftruck dead
onely with your difpleafure, (but no other difcontentment intheuni-
verfal world,) by bringing of me to kifle his Majefties hand, with
whom I took leave, in no disfavour at all. I was never hitherto
brought into the prefence of a King, by any Saint , befides your fclf:
Turn me not over ( moft noble Lord ) to offer my prayers at new
Altars. If I wereguiltie of any unworthy unfa ithfulnefTe for the
time paft, or'notguiltieof a refoJution to do your Grace all fervice
for the time to come, all confiderations under Heaven could not
force me to beg it fo earaeftly, or to profefle my felf, as I do before
God, and you,
Your Grace's moft humble.affe&ionatc,
and devoted fervant,
?* Zfaff/iii'
Ai
The Bjhq 1/LinCoIn u kit Mqejlie*..
Mofi Might j^ and dread Sovtraign,
1 Have now thcfc four moncths v by theftrength of thofe gracious
J fpeccbes your Majeftic ufed t (when I took my leave of your Ma-
jeftie at Salisbury,) and the confcience of mine own innocencie from
having ever wilfully or malitioufly offended your Majeftie, comfor-
ted.my felf in thcfe great afflictions ; to be thus injoyned from your
Majefties prefcnce (the onely heaven wherein my foul delighted,)
having fubmitted my felf (I hope dutifully, and patiently) to the
difchargefrom that great Office (for the execution whereof I was
altogether unworthy;) My required abfence from the Councel Ta-
ble; my fcqueftration from attend ing your Majeftres Coronation:
And your Majefties favourable pleafure (for fo I do eftecm that,) to
fpare my prefence at this next Parliament. And I truft in God I (hall
moft readily obey any other Command, that bears the image and
ftperfcription of your Majeftie, without any defire of fearching af-
ter the hand that helps to prefTe and ingrave it. Y.ec becaufe I fufFer
in fome more particulars then peradventureis explicitely known to
your Majeftie : And that I have no friend left about your Majeftie,
that dares for fear of difpleafure relate unto your Majeftie my griefs,
and neceiSties, I humbly crave your gratious Pardon to make fome
two reprefentations, andjfome few Petitions unto your raofrt xcellece-
Maieftic,
Firft, I humbly (hew unto your MajeftiCj- cbatbefides my former
Calamities, I am not paid that part of my Peniion, which (hould pay-
the Creditors, who lent me money to buy the fame ; .notwkhftand- :
ing .your Majeftie hath, been gratioufly pleafcd to order other-
wife.
Secondly, I havtnot yet received my Writ of Summons unto the
Parliament (denied to no Prifoners, or condemned Peers in the late
raignof your bleffed Father,) that I might accordingly make my
Pr,oxie, the which I cannot do, the Writ not received j nor can I
Bfly r felf gQ into the Countrie, as I had done long ere this, had not the
expectation of this Writ, together with the fpccial fervicc of my
Lord Duke, and no other occaiion whatfoever detained me*>
Thcfc two particulars I prefent with all fubrniffion unto your Ma-
jeftie, and (hall reft fatisfied with what royal refolution yourMaje-
Hie (hall makethercin.
Thefc petitions that follow I muft wrncftly beg at your
The Hi/hop of Lincoln tt $U Mq'ejlie.
frand$,and for Gods fata, and your blefled Fathers fake, whofc Crea-
ture, land moft painfutfervant I was.
Firft, that your Majeftie would be pleafcd to mitigate, and allay
the caufelefle difpleafure of my Lord Dukeagainft me ; who is fo
little fatisfied with any thing I can do, or fuffer, that I have no means
left to a ppeafe his anger, but my prayers to God, and your Sacred
Majeftie.
Secondly, I befeech your Majeftie for Chriftjefus fake not to be*
lieve^ewes, oraccufationsagainftme concerning my carriage paft,
prefent, or to come, whileftl Hand thus in joyned from your Royal
prefence, before you (hall have heard my anfwer, and defence unto
the particulars. Thofe that inform your Majeftie may (God he
knoweth) be oftentimes mis- informed.
My laft fupplication unto your Majeftie is,. That in myabfcnce
this Parliament, noufe may be made of your facred name to wound
the reputation of a poor Bifhop, who befides his Religion and Dutie
to that Divine Character you now bear, hath ever affectionately
honoured your very Pcrfon above all the objects in this world, as he
defires the falvation of the world to come. But I crave no protecti-
on againft any other accufer, or accufation whatfoever. So (hall I
never ceafc to pray to the Almighty God to make your Majeftie the
Happieft and Greateft King,that ever was Crowned,.and Anointed :
which (hall be the continual orifons of
Your Majefties moft dutiful and
moft humble Vaflal,
& Lincoln.
The Lord Keeper to the Lord Vifcoum Anao.
17. Septemb, 1622.
Right Honourable,
I Owe more fervice to that true love, and former acquaintance,
which your Lordftiip hath becnplcafed to afford me, now thefc'
full ten yeares,then to be fparing, or referred in fatisfying your
Lordfhip about any doubt whatfoever , the refolution whereof (hall
lie in my power. Concerning thatoffence, taken by many people,
this fldc cJlc borders and in Scotland, frora cbac Clemencie
which '
..
The LorttKteptr to tie Lvd Vifcount AnarL
which his Majeftie was pleafcd to extend to the imprifoned Lty-Rc-
cufants of this Kingdom, and my Letter written unto the Juftices for
the rcigling of the fame, which your Lordfhip did intimate unto me
yefterday iMt. Henry Gibbs hishoufe, out of fome newes received
from a Peer of Scotland. This is the plaineft return I can make un-
to your Lord(hip. In the general, as the Sun in the firmament ap-
pears unto us no bigger then a Platter, and the Stars but as fo many
nails in the pummel of a faddle, becaufe of the Elongement and dif-
propt>rtion between our eyes, and the object* fo is there fuch an un-
meafurable diftance betwixt the deep refoiution of a Prince, and the
(hallow apprehenli on of common and ordinary people, that as they
will beevcr judging and centering, fo muft they be obnoxious toer-
rour and miftaKing.
Particularly, for as much as concerns my felf, I muft leave my for?
rner life, my profeffion.ray continuall preaching, my writing, (which
ii inftant in the hands of many % ) my private indeavours about Tome
great perfons, and the whole bent of my actions, (which in the place
I live in cannot be concealed, to tefti fie unto the world, what fa-
vour I am likely to importune for the Papifts in their religion. For
the King my Matter,-! will tell you a ftorie out ofVelle'ws Paterculnf.
A Surveyor bragging to M. Livws Drrtftts, that he would fo con-
triVe his-' houfe Vt Libtv* a confpefttt immunis *b omnibus arbitris effct,
that it (hould (land removed out of fight, and be paft all danger of
peeping, or Eves-dropping ; was anfwered again by Drufus^Tu vero}
ji quid in te arris eft ita compoc domnm mean, ut qtticquid ttgam ah omni-
bm Confaci foffit $kxy my good friend, if you have any devices in
your head, contrive my houfe after fuch a manner,that all the world
may feewhatldo therein. So il (hould indeavourto flourifhup
fome artificial Vault, to hide and conceal the intentions of his Maje-
ftie , I know I (hould receive the fame thanks, that the Surveyor
did from Drufus. I was not called to Councel by his royal Majeftie,
when the fefolution of this Clemencie to the Lay-Recufants was firft
concluded; But if I had been asked my opinion,! (hould have ad-
vifed it without the leaft haefitation.His Majeftie was fo Popifhly ad-
dided at this time, that (to the incredible exhauftments of this Trea-
furicj he was a moft zealous intcrcedcr for fome cafe and refrefli-
mentto all the Proteftants in Europe,his own Dominions, and Den-
marks onely excepted.
Thofe of Swithliwd (having lately provoked the Pole) had no
other hope of peace ; thofe of France of the excrcifcof their Reli-
gion j thofc of the Palatinate, and adjoyning Countries of the lead
connivencie
Tie Lwl Keeper U lie Lord Vifcount A nan; 1 1 1
connivencie to fay their prayen.then by the earneft mediation of our
gracious Matter. And advifed by the late AfTembly of Parliament
to infi ft a while longer in this milkie way of intercefiion,and Treatie.
What a prepofterous argument would this have beentodefire thofe
mighty Princes (armed, and vidoriousj to grant fome liberty, and
clemencieto the Proteftants, bccaufehimfelfdidnowimprifon,and
execute the rigour of his lawes sgainft the Roman Catholiques, I
muft deal plainely with your Lordfhip. Our viperous countrymen
theEnglifh Jefuits in France to fruftrate thefc Pious endeavours of
hisMajeftic5,had many months before this favour granted, retorted
that argument upon us, by writing a moftmalitious book (which I
have fcen, and read over) to the French King, inciting him, and the
three Eftates, to put all thofc fratutcs in execution againft the Pro-
teftants in thofe parts, which are here enaded,and (as they falfely
informed) fevefally executed upon the Papifts. I would therefore
fcethemoftfubtilc State-monger in the world chalk out a way for
his Ma jeftie to mediate for Grace,and favour for the Proteftants,by
executing at this time the fcverity of the Lawes upon thePapifts.
And that this favour (hould mount to a Toleration, is a moft dull,
(and yet a moft divelifti) mifconftruftion.
A Toleration looks forward, to the time to come : This favour
backward onely, to the offences paft. If any Papift now fct at li-
berty (hall offend the lawes again, the Juftices may, (nay muft) re-
commit him, and leave favour and mercy to the King,to whom one-
ly it properly belongeth.Nay let thofe 2. writs directed to the Jud-
ges,be as diligently perafed by thofe rafhCenfures as they were by
thofe grave, and learned, to whom his Majeftie referred the pen-
ning of the, fame and they (ball find, that thefe Papifts are no other-
otherwifeout of prifon, then with their (hackles about their heels,
fufficient furecies, and good recognifances to prefent themfelve*
again at the next afiifes. As therefore that Lacedemonian pofed the-
Oracle of Apollo, by asking his opinion of the bird which he grafped
in his hand, whether he were alive,or dead, fo it is a matter yet con-
troverfed, and undecided, whether thofc Papifts (clofedup, and
grafped in the hands of the law) be ftill inprifon^or at libercie.
Their own demeanours, and the fuccefle of his Majefties negotiati-
ons, are Oracles that muftdefide the fame. If the Lay-papiftsdo
wax infolent with this mercy, infulting upon the Proteftants, and
tranflating this favour from the perfonto the caufe, lam verily of
opinion his Ma jeftie will remand them to their former fratc,and
condition, and renew his writ no more. BuHf.they fhallufe thefe
grace* i
in T&e Lord Keener to tkt Lord Vifcpunt han.
graces modcftly, by admitting Conference with learried Preachers,
Demeaning themfelves neighbourly and peaceably, praying for his
>lajeftie,andtheprofperousiccefTcof his pious endeavours , and
relieving him bountifully ('which they arc as well able to do as any
of his Subjects,; if he (hall be forced and conftratned to take his
fword in hand, then it cannot be denied, but our Matter is a Prince,
that hath (asonefaid) p lw huntaaitatx per.e quam homwis, and will
at that time leave to be merciful, wh.cn he leaves to be himfelf. In
the mean while,this.argument fetcht from the Devils topicks , which
concludes a Concrete *d AbftrtftMrn from a favour done to the Englifh
Papifts, that the King favoureth the Romifti Religion is fuch a com-
poiltion of follie, and malice, as is little deferved by that gracious
Prince, who by word, writing, exercifcof Religion, ads of Parlia-
ment, late directions for catechizing, and preaching, and all profef-
(ions, and endeavours in the world hath demonstrated himfelf fo re*
folved a Protcftant. God by his holy Spirit open the eyes of the
people, that thefeaierie reprefentations of ungrounded fancies fee
afide, they may clearly difcern, and fee how by the goodneffe of
God, and the wifdom of their King, thislfland of all the Countries
in Europe is the fole neft of peace and true Religion, and thcinha- j
bicants t hereof unhappis onely in this one thing.that they never look
up to heaven to give God thanks for fo great a happinerfe.
LaftJy, for mine own Letter to the Judges, ( which did oncly de-
dare, not operate the favour,) it was either much mif-penned, or
much mifconftrued. It recited four kinds of recufancies onely capa-
ble of his Majefties dcmencie not fo much to include thefe, as to ex-
clude many other crimes bearing smongft the Papifts the name of
Recufancies, as ufmg the function of a Romifti Prieft, feducing the
Kings liege people from the Religion eftabltthed, fcandalizing and
ifperfing our King, Church, State, or prefent Government. All
which offences (being outward practifes, and no fccrct motions of
the confcicnce,) arc adjudged by the Lawcs of England to be merely
civil, and political, and excluded by my Letter from the benefit of
thofe Writs, which the bearer was imployed to deliver unto the.
. Judges.
And thus I have given your Lordfliip a plain account of the car-
nage of this bufincffe, and that the more fuddenly, that your Lord-
ftiip might perceive it is not Awe* Fabula, or prepared tale, but a
bare Narration, which I have fent unto your Lordftiip. I befeech
your Lordfliip to let his Ma jcftie know,that the Letters to the Juftices
,of Peace concerning thofc four heads recommended by his Majeftie,
(hall
The Hi/hip 0/MctoeVcnfis to the Dike. 1 1 5
(hall be fent away as faft as they can be exfcribed. I will trouble
your Lordfhip no more at this time, but (hall reft ever
YourLordftiipsfcrvant and
true friend,
Jo. Lincoln. C.S.
.
. !
The */&<>/> jfMcnevenfis to the Duke: Dr. Laud.
_
moft Gratiotu Lord,
I May not be abfent, and not write. And flnce your Grace is pica-
fed with the trouble, I mud profeflc my felf much content with the
performance of the dutie. I am not unmindful of the laft bufmeffc
your Grace committed to me, but I have as yet done the lefTc in it,
becaufel fellinto a relaps of my infirm! tie, but I thank God I am
once more free, if I can look better to my felf, as I hope I ftiall.
My Lord, I muft become an humble fuitor to your Grace. I
hear by good hand that my Lord of Ctnterbury intends fhortly to re-
new the High Commiilion. Now I am to acquaint your Grace,that
there is never a Bifhop that lives about London left out of the Com-
miflion but my felf, and many that live quite abfent are in, and many
infcriours to Bifhops. The Commiffion is a place of great expe-
rience for any man, that is a Governour in the Church. And fincc
by his Ma jefties gratious goodnefle,. and your Grace's fole procure-
ment, I am made a Governour, I would be loath to be excluded from
that which might give me experience, and fo enable me to perform
my dutie. I am furc my Lord of Canterbury will leave me out, as hi-
therto he hath done, if his Majeftie be not pleafed to Command that
I (hall be in. This I fubmit to your Grace, but humbly defire even
againftmyown eafe and quiet, that I may not be deprived of that
experience which is neceflary for my place. I moft humbly befecch
your Grace to pardon this boldnefle, and to know, that in my daily
prayers for your Grace's happirfefle, I (hall ever reft
Your Grace's moft devoted and
Novtmb. 18. 1624." affectionate fervant,
Guif. L/WerttWH/if'
$L ?*
114
Mj moft Grant* Lord,
lit Bifltp of Mcnevcnfis uttie Vubi
Dr. Laud.
I Am heartily g!ad to hear your Lordftiipisfowell returned, and
fo happily as to meet fo great joy. God hath among many others
his great bleffings (and I know your Grace fo efteems them) fcnc
you now this extraordinarie one,a fon to inherit his fathers honours,
and the reft of Gods bleffings upon both. So foon as I tame to any
end of my journey, I met the happie news of Gods bleffing upon
your Grace, and it fcafoned all the hard journey I have had out of
Wales through the Snow. When I had refted my felf a little at my
friend's houfe in the Forrcft(Mr.fT*W<-*^a fervant of your Grace's,
whom I made bold to make known to your Honour) I came to JFiW-
for in hope to have been fo bappie,as to meet your Grace at the great
"fblcmnitic : but when I came, I found that which I fufpe&ed, that
your Grace's greater joy would carric you farther. Which journey,
and the caufe,and the end of it, I heartily wifti, and pray may be full
of joy, and all contentment to your Grace. I made bold to trouble
your Grace with a Letter or two out of Wales , which I hope Mr.
VVindebaklQQk the beft care he could to fee delivered. I have no
means to do your Grace any fervice, but by my prayers, and they do
daily attend, and (hall ever, while I breathe to utter them. I hope
though I have miffed this opportunitie,yetl fhall be fo happie as to
fee,and wait upon your Grace at London. In the mean time, and ever,
Ileave your Grace, and all your home-bleffingstothe protection of
the Almightie, and (hall ever be found
>r, 13. De- Your Graces moft devoted and
1625. affectionate fervant,
.
g*il. Meneven.
'/i'-i'V* > ' 3U *O
-, ,
Mountaguc Bifhep of Chichcftcr t& the Dakc.
j^ Jdtj it fletfejour Grace,
YOur Higjhnefle vouchfafed at VVintfor to let meunderftand,that
his Majeftie my gracious Mafter and Soveraign,had taken me off
from thaurouWe and Yttttion, which by feme mcns procurement, I
was
Dr. Mountaguc Si/ht? of Chicheftcr t$ the Tbh. 1 1 ^
was put unto in the Houfe of Commons. They as I underfUfi<J,tbiflk
not lo,but intend to proceed againftme fo far as they can, as having
returned his Majeftieno other anfwer, but that I was freed from im-
prifonment. It is true, that befides 20 1. which the Serjeant had of
me by exaftion for fees,they bound me unto him in a bond of 2000 1.
to appear before them, the firft day of the next Seflions. I befeech,
your Grace, that as you have been pleafcd to tie me unto your ex-
cellent not onely felf, but alfomoft honourable Sifter in that bond
of obligation, as never was poor Scholar to fuch Worthies ; fo you
would be pleafedto let his Majeftie underftar.d the cafe, that by
your means I may be absolutely difcharged, with the redeliveric of
my bond from them, whom I never offendcd,who (under correction)
have nothing to do with me j and as his Majefties fervant be left
unto himfclf, efpecially for that which was auchorifed by himfclf,and
commanded by his Father, my late Mafterofever blefTed memorie.
If his Majeftie will be pleafed to call for their accufations againft me,
if 1 do not really and thoroughly anfwer whatfocver is, or can be
imputed to me out of my books, I will no further defirc favour and
protection of his Majeftie, and your Gracious felf, but fee willingly
left unto my enemies. I muft crave pardon for prefumjngthus to
trouble your Grace, the rather becaufe through a grievous affliction
oftheCollickand Stone, I am not able pcrfonally to attend your
Grace, whom according unto my moft bounden ducic,l daily recom-
mend unto the Almightie, being more obliged unto your noble fclf,
then ever to anyone. So remaining S\^i ,
:.../.; 2 ' ' iin- ' ;r j v :. . ; :' .- _ :
Moft humbly at your Graces
'Pttwcrth, 29, f *lj. fervice ever,
Ri. Alountague.
i . I F any or all the Papifts living can prove,that the Roman Church,
. *as it now ftands in oppofition to the Church of England, is ei-
ther the Catholique Church of Chrift, or a found member of the Ca-
tholique Church,
I will fubfcribr.
2, If any or all the Papifts living can prove unto me, that the
Church of England as it ftandeth at this day, is not a true member
of the Catholique Church,
I will fubfcribe,
QJL 3. If
j 1 6 The ft/hops of Rochcftcri Ox5ord, &c. to tfa Duke.
3. If any or all the Papifts living can prove onto me;that any one
point at this day maintained by the Church of Rtme againft the
Church of England, was the received Dodrine of the Catholique
Church, or concluded by any general Councel,or particular approved
Conned, orrefolvcdefbyanyoneFatherof Credittobefueh, for
500. years at lead after Chrift,
I will fubfcribc
Ri.
The B flops of Rochester, Oxford, W-Sc. David s a
tethc Dukty concerning A/r.Mountaguc.
M*j it fletfejour Grace,
WE E are bold to be fuitors to you in- the behalf of the Church
of England, and a poor member of it M r . Movnttg*** at this
time not a little diftreffed. We are not ftrangers to his penon, but it
i$ the Caufc which we arc bound to be tender of.
Thecaufe we conceive (under correction of better judgment) con-
cerns the Church of England merely j for that Church when it was
reformed from the fuperftitious opinions broached, or maintainfd by
the Church of Rime, refufed the apparant and dangerous errours,
and would not be too bufic with every particular School point. The
caafe why (he held this moderation was,becaufe (he could not be able
to preferve any unitie amongft Chriftians, if men were forced to fub-
fcribe to curious particulars difputeJ in Schooles.
Now may it plcafe your Grace, the opinions which at this time
trouble many men in the late Book of M r . Mount *g**,are fome of
them fuch, as are exprefly, therefolveddodrineofthe Church of
England, and thofc he is bound to maintain. Some of them fuch as
are fit onely for Schooles, and to be left at more liberty for learned
men to abound in their own fenfe , fo they keep themfelves peace-
able, and diflraft notthe Church. And therefore to make any man
fubfcribe to Schoole opinions, may juftly feeme hard in the Church
of Chrift, and was one great fault of the Councel of Trent. And to
affright them from thofe opinions in which they have (as they are
bound)fubfcribed to the Church, as it is worfe in it felf, fo it may be
the Mother of greater danger.
May
fit Mop ^Rochcfic/5 Oxford, &c. te th* Duke* 117
May it please your Grace farther to confider ,that when the Cler-
gic ftibmitcd themfelves in the time of Henry the 8 th . the fubmiflion
was fo, that if anys.dirTercncedodrinal, or other fell in the Church,
the King and the Bifhops were to be Judges of it in a national Sy-
node, or Convocation, The King firft giving leave under his broad
Seale, to handle the points in difference.
But the Church never fubmitted to any other Judge, neither indeed
can Shee, though Slice would. And we humbly defire your Grace to
confider, and then to move his moft Gracious Majcftie (if you (hall
think fit) what dangerous Confequences may follow upon it. For
firft, if any other Judge be allowed in matter of Dodrine, we (hall
depart from the ordinance of Chrift, and the continual courfe and
pradifc oftheCiferch.
a. Secondly,if the Church , be once brought down beneath her felf,
we cannot but fear what may be next Strook at.
3. Thirdly, it will fome way touch the honour of his ma jefties dear
Father, and our moft dread Soveraign of Glorious, and ever blefled
memorie, King fames, who fawand approved all the opinions in this
Book, and he in his rare wifdomand judgment would never have
allowed them, if they had CroiTed with truth and the Church of
Eqgland.
4. Fourthly, we muft be bold to fay, that we cannot conceive what
ufe there can be of Civil Government in the common Wealth,or of
preaching, and external miniftrie in the Church,if fuch fatall opinions
as fome which are oppofite, and contrarie to thefe delivered by Mr.
Mount ague are.ihall be Publiquely taught and maintained.
5. Fiftly, we are certain, that all or moft of the contrarie opinions
were treated of at Lambeth, and ready co be published, but then
Qujeen /i*fr6 of famous memorie, upon notice given, how little
they agreed with the Pradice of pietie, and obedience to all Govern-
ment, caufed them to be fupprefled, and fo they have continued ever
iince, till of late fome of them have received countenance at the Sy-
nod of Dort. Now this was a Synod of that nation, and can be of
no authority in any other National Church, till it be received there
by Publique authority. And our hope is that the Church of England
will be well advifed, and more then once over, before Shec admit a
forraign Synod, efpeciallieof fuch a Church as condemncth herdi-
fcipline and manner of Government,to fay no more.
And/urtherweare bold to commend to your Graces wifdom
this one particular. His Majeftie( as we have been informed) hath
already taken this bufinefle into his own care, and moft worthily re-
ferred-v
of Landaffc, &c. to tit D*kt.
ferred it in a right conrfe to Church-confideration, And we well ho-
ped, that without farther trouble to the (late, or breach of unity in
the Church it might fo have been well, and orderly compofed } as we
ftill pray it may, Thefe things considered we have littfe to fay for
Mr. Mount*g*et perfon : oncly thus much we know. He is a very
good Scholler and a right honeft man. A man every way able to do
God, his Majeftie, and the Church of England great fervice. We
fear he may receive great difcouragement s and which isfarworfe,
we have fome caufe to doubt this may bred a great backwardneflie
in able men to write in the defence of the Church of England againft
either home, or forraign advcrfaries, if they (hall fee him fink in for-
tunes reputation, or health upon his book occafion.
And this we moft humbly fubmit to your Gra^s judgment, and
care of the Churches peace, and welfare. So recommending your
Grace to the protection of Almighty God,
We (hall ever reft At your Graces fervice
Jo.Rofff*s.
2. Auguft 1 625. fo.Oxon*
Dotfor Field Bijhof of Landaffc to the Dttkc.
JMy Gracious Good Lord,
IN the great Library of men, that I have ftudied thefe many yeares,
your Grace is the beft Book,and moft Claffick authour that I have
read,in whom I find fo much goodnefle, fweetnefie, and nobleneflc
of nature, fuch an Hero ickfpirit, for boundlefle bounty a* I never
did in any. I could inftance in many, fome of whom you have made
JDeanes,fomeBi(hops, fomc Lords, and Privy Councellours. None
that ever looked toward your Grace did ever go empty away I,need
go no farther then my felf (a gum of the Earth) whom fome 8. years
ago you rai fed out of theduft, for rayfingbut a thought fo high
as to ferve your Highnefle. Since that, I have not played the Tru-
ant,bnt more diligently ftudied youthen ever before. And yet
(Dunce that I am) I ftand at a ftay, and am a No*-proficir*t t ihe book
being the fame that ever it was, as may appear by the great profici-
encic of others. This wonderfully pofeth me, and fure there is fome
guile,
The Sifbep 0/andaffe te the Duke.
guile, fonae wile in fome of my fellow Students, who hide my book
from me, or fome part of it. All the fault is not in mine own block-
ifhneflc, that I thrive no better. I once feared this before, that fome
did me ill offices. Your Grace was pte'afed to proteft no man had,
and to aflure me no man could. My hearc tels me, it hath been al-
waies upright, and is fHIl moft faithful unto you. I have examined
myadtions,my words, and my very thoughts, and fo^nd all of them
everfincemoft found unto your Grace. Give me leave after fo long
Patience (for which vertue you were once pleafed to commend me
co my old Matter King games, and I have not yet loft it) now that
forthefei2 Months almoft, I have been not onely upon the Stage,
but upon the rack of expectations, even diftraded between hope
and fear, to comfort my felf with recordation of your Loving kind-
nefles of old, when on that great feaft day of your being inaugurcd
our Chancellour, my look was your booke, wherein you read fad-
nefle, to which I was bold toanfwer, I trufted your Grace would
give me no caufe. You replyed with (loffe of blood rathcr, y that
was your noble expreflion. But God forbid fo precious an cffufi-
on. (I would cmptie all my veins rather then you fhculd bleed one
drop)when as one blaft of your breath is able to bring me to the ha-
ven where I would be. My Lord I am grown an old man and am like
old Houfehouldftuffe, apt to be broke upon often removing. I dc-
fire it therefore but once for all, be it Eli, or Bathe and Wells, and I
willfpend the remainder ofmydayesin writing an Hiftory of your
good deeds to me and others, whereby I may vindicate you from
theenvie, and obloquy of thisprefent wicked age wherein we live,,
and whileft I Jive in praying for your Grace,
>
Whofe I am totallie and finailie,
Theofkilus Landuve*.
The Bijhop ef Landaffc to the Duke.
Mj mo ft honour die good Lord,
1 T is meet before I beg a new, that I ftiould firft acknowledge thofe -
I benefits, and more fpecially give thanks for the 1 aft noble fa vonr
your Lordfliip did me in (landing up the laft day of Parliament, and
pleading my caufe. Never was poor man more bound to a gracious
Lord,
, 20 Tfa tifltf *f Landtffc to tb* Dtth.
lord for protecting his innocencic: and ic came feafdnable, like a
(howrof rain in the time of drouth. My very heart was parched
with grief till it came, and it had ere this been broken, had not your
Lordfhips fpccch then dropt comfort, in ftrength whereof it yet
live*. For an abortive thought, which never came into ad, fomc
2. or 3. years ago conceived, and that tending to a work of mercy,
and charitie, a 4eed of jufticc, and due thankfulnefie, how far ? how
foulie have I been traduced f your Honour cannot imagine how
deeply I have been wounded in my good name, as if I had deferved
deprivation, degradation, yea to be hanged, drawn, and quartered.
This can none cure but God, or the King, Dem i wonte^ God hath
done his part in providing an occafion. Befides London (which is
Coo high for me to look after) and the removes which may be there-
by, Hertford the next Seat to mine, (whither my Predeceffors have
oft been removed) is faid to be now void. Now good my Lord,
was that I (hould not fray long there. It would be a reiterative too,
not onely of my Credit, fo cruelly crackt with the (harp teeth of the
wide mouth of vulgar lying fame, but of my eftate alfo, alwaies poor,
but lately much more impoverifhed, and made crazie by occasions of
the Church, which drew me to London (a place of great expences, as
the bufic times wercj to little purpofe : And the Parliament over-
taking me, which have held me long, and longer yet are like to hold
me here, even to the undo ing of my felf, my wife and fix children,
from whom I have now lived 6. or 7. moneths. And what fhall I
carry home with me but difgrace and infamie ? Yet my good Lord,
at leaft procure me of my Lord the King a Nunc dimittis, leave to de-
part. I (hall be further out of the reach of purfuing malice, there in
the Countrie,do his Majeftie better fervice in gathering up his Subfi-
dies, praying^ and teaching my children (whileft I read a Lecture to
them, my felf was never yet able to get by heart) of parcimony,
which muft be to them inftead of a patrimonie, to pray for his Maje-
fties long life, health, and happineffe. In which prayer flwli youf
Lordfhipcver be duly rcmembred by
Your Lordftiips daily devote
Beadsman,
Lr. Corbec te fa Duke.
it fhafe jottr Grtce,
TO confider my two great loflcs this week ; one in refpcft of
bis Ma jeftie to whom I was to preach ; the other in refped of
my Patron, whom I was to vific. If this be not the way to repair
the latter of my loffcs, I fear I am in danger to be utterly undone.
To preffe too near a great man, is a means to be put by; and to (land
too far off, is the way to be forgotten : fo Ecclefiaftictu. In which
mediocrity could I hit it, would I live and die. My Lord, I would
neither preffe near, nor fand far off, choofing rather the name of
an ill Courtier, then a faufie Scholar,
Tromyour Graces moft humble '
fervant,
Rich. Corbet.
Poffcript.
. , t .' '",''"
H Ere is news, my noble Lord about us, that in the point of Al-
legiance now in hand, all the Papifts are exceeding Orthodox,
the onely Recufantsarc the Puritanes.
TheE. of Worccfter, Arundcl And Surrey, Montgomery
to the King.
May hplMfejour mof excellent Majeftie,
Ccording to the Orders and Constitutions made and eftablifhcd
JL\ by your Majeftie, and all the Companions of the Order at the
laft general Chapter held at white-Hall the 21. of Maj laft paft, we
are bold to inform your Majeftie, that we baring diligently viewed
divers of the Records of the faid Order, do in the black book find,
that the keeping of the little Park at Windfor^ next adjoyning unto
thcCaftle, is in direct words annexed for ever to the Office of the
Ufher for the faid Order. So humbly killing your Royal hands, We
reft
Your Ma jetties moft humble and faithful
Subjects, and fervants,
trbitc-H*!!, i, July,
1622. E . fPorcefter, AmM and Snrrtj \
R
V
rite lortChwtllwr Bacon /* Me Duke.
My very good Lord,
MY Lord of */*/> caufe is this day fentenced. My Lord, and
his Lady fined at 30000!. with imprifonmentin the Tower at
their own charges, Single} at 2000 1. and committed to the Fleet.
Sir Ed#rdCookjti& his part, I have not heard him do better, and be-
gan with a fine of an i ooooo 1. But the Judges firft, and moft of the
reft reduced it as before. I do not difiike that things pafTe moderate-
ly, and all things confidcred it is not amiflfe, and might eafilyhave
been worfe. There was much fpeaking of interceding for the Kings
mercie, which (in my opinion) was not fo proper for a fentcnce : I
faid in conclusion, that mercy was to come e x mero motu, and fo lefc
it. I took fome other occafion pertinent to do the King honour,by
(hewing how happy he was in all other parts of his Government,
fave only in the manage of his treafure by thefe Officers.
I have fentthe King a new Bill for Sufex : for my Lord of 2fyt-
tintbam't Certificate was true, and I told the Judges of it before, but
they neglected it. I conceive the firft man(which is newly fet down)
is- the fitceft. God ever preferve and keep you, &c.
?he Earl of Suffolk to liti Majcjlie,
Gratious
JN this grievous time of my being barred from your prcfence,which
to me is the greateft affliction that can lie upon me ; and knowing
by my former fcrvice to yon, thcfweet and Princely difpofition that
is in you naturally , together with that unmatchable judgement
which the wopld knoweth you have, is the occafion, that I prefume
at this time to lay before your Majeftie my moft humble fuit ; which
is, that you would be pleafed to look upon the Cafe of your poor fer-
vant, who after fo many faithful defires of mine to do you fervice,
I do not fay that fuccefle hath fallen out as I wilhcd, (hould now noc
enly have fuffered for my weaknefle, and errours, but muft be further
queftioncd to my difgrace. I would to God your Majeftie did truly
underftand the thoughts of my heart, and if there you could find one
she leaft of ill affections to you, I wiih it pulled out of my body.
Now to adde to my miferies, give me leave to let your Majeftie
kijow the hard fta tc I am injfor I do owe at this prcfent (I dare avow
Tie Earl of Suffolk to the Dttke.
upon my fideiitie to you) little lefle then 40000 I. which I well know
will make me and mine poor and miferable for ever.
All this I do not lay down to your Ma jefties bcft judging eyes,that
I mean this by way of complaint; For I do acknowledge thercafon
that your Majeftie had to do what you did .- neither do I go about
to excufe crrours to have efcaped me, but will now and ever acknow-
ledge your Gracious favourable dealing with me, if you will be plea-
fed now to receive me again to your favour after this juft correction,
without which I defire not to enjoy fortune of Goods, or life in this
world , which in the humblcft manner that I can I beg at your Princely
feet, as
Your,&c.
r. Suffolk.
The . ^/Suffolk u ths Duke.
Mj HoneurA^/e good Lord,
AT the firft minute of mine, and my wives delivery out of the
Tower, I had returned fuch acknowledgment due for fo great a
favour, but that Sir Cjeorge Goring only dcfired to be the Meflenger,
as well as he was of the other, Let not (my Lord) my 2ate misfor-
tunes make me or mine more unable toferve, and thank you, then
any hce, that thus takes advantage thereby to wrong me in your be-
lief : for what I have both received in abatcmentof my fine, and
fpeedy libertie, I muftconfefle to come from your Noble mediation
to his Majeftie, whofe difplcafure hath been more grievous to my
foul, then all the reft this world can inflict upon me.
As your Lord (hips kindneffe bath begun to eafeme, fo now let
the fame hand cure, and preferve me from a worfe relapfe wherein I
am like to fall, if your power prevent it not. The motion x>f his
Majeftics for my perfwading my fons out of their places,was the grie-
voufeft found that ever cntred me, for thereby Iftill breathed under
the heavy weight of all my afflictions, not defpairing but their Care
(charged upon them with my blefiing) might fomewhat redeem my
errours, and aflure his Majeftie, that my will was never tainted with
offending him.
I know my Lord, there is little benefit in ferving againft Matters
minds, but they are unworthy fervants that will leave fuch Matters
R a
The 4r/ */ Suffolk <tt hit Majtftie.
topon any conditions. Such as make fuic to chop or change for their
own advantage, are better loft then kept : But as for mine,my curfe
(hould follow them, if ever I could think, they followed his Majcftie
with fuch indiffcrencici My obedience to his Ma jeftie was ever of
raore force with me, then mine own ends any way layed, nor ever
joyed I more then in running to his Commands. But this (my Lord)
rends my heart to think, that, unfortunate I, fhould burymyfons
alive, and pronounce that fentence, which would make me and them
Scorns to pofteritie. Whileft I have knee to bend,eye to lift up, or
tongue to begg, I muft implore his Majefties pardon, and mercy in
this kind. As for that more dro file part of my eftate, it ftill liesafr
his Majefties feet, and if he now pleafetorecal, what he remitted,
without further condition, I muft obey, and let his Majeftie fee, no
change of time or place can change me, my love, my dutie, or my
zeal to him.
My Lord, here you may read me in my greateft griefs that ever
did fall to me: weigh them well, and think that one day you may
be A father, and be as neerly touched,as now I am. The favour you
{hall do me herein (hall prove no hidden talent, for the increafe (hall
not onely be the happincfle of a good work well done,but the hearty
acknowledgment of a whole family , and all theirs, that (hall as
faithfully fcrve and honour you, as the beft of thofe , that would
fucceed them, which I hope your Lordfhip will believe from me,who
will ever b&
Yours, &c.
T.
"VTour Princely favour in dilivering me,ind ray wife out of the tow-
X er,muft,tnd (hall ever be acknowledged of us with all humble
thanks. And now be-pkafed to give me leave to be an ' humble fui-
tor to your Majeftie, that outo? the tender compaffion of your
Princely heart, you will be pleafed to caft your eye upon the mifera-
blc eftate. of your diftrefled , afflided, and old Servant, now brought
into/ear of never recovering of your Majefties favour, and fo wret-
ccjdmy cafe is f a$ the little hope, that remained in me to live in your
memory.
Tfa Earl of Suffolk to Us CVaiefit. 125
memoric, was by my two fons fervicc to your Gracious felf, and tie
Prince. It is now required of me to impofe upon them the refignati-
on of their places, which with all humility I befeech you to give me
leave to fay, I would fooner ufe my power over them to will them to
buric themfelves quick, then by any other way then enforcement to
give up their places of fervice, which onely remaines to me to be ei-
ther my dying comfort, or my living torment.
Befides, they arc now paft my government, being both married,
and have children, onely I have a Paternal Care of them, which!
humbly befeech your bcft judging Majeftie to weigh refpeftively ,
how unhappie I muft of ncceffity think my felf, if I fhould be the pcr-
fwader of that misfortune to my children, that their children within
a few years would curfe me for,either living,or dead.llpon all thefc
juft confederations (moft Gracious Mafter)give me leave to turn my
cruel, &.unnatural part of perfwading them to yield to that, for which
I (hould deteft my felf, to my humbleft defire upon the Knees of my
heart to beg humbly of your MajefHe,that whatfoever favour you
have ever had to me for any fervice done, that your Majcftie will be
pleafed to fparc theruineof thefetwo young men, whom I find fa
honeftfie difpofed in their defire of fpcnding their fortunes, and lives
in your Majefties^and your Princely fon's fervice,as if your difplca-
furebenot fulliefatisfyed with what I have farTcred already, that
you lay more upon me, and fparc them. I have written to my Lord
of Buckingham to be my mediator to yourMajefticin this behalf,
which I affaire my felf he will noblie perform, as well as he hath for-
merly done, in being my means to your Majefticin obtaining this
great begun favour, To conclude with my prayer to God, that your
Majeftie may ever find the fame zeal, and Love to your perfon in
whomfoevor you (hall imploy, that my hearts Sole-arTeftion did, and
ever (hall carrie unto you, which God knowes was, and is more to
your Majcftie then to my wife, and children, and all other worldy
things : which God nacafure unto me according to the truth, as
Yours,&c.
VV
The Ld) Elizabeth Howard toWe King.
FHen I waited upon you at Theobalds to befeech yourMa jefty
that myLord of <S*rjp^t might not come into the Star-cham-
ber, you protefted that you loved the man, but that you muft (hew
caufe to the world why you took the StafTe from him,but for his for-
tune, that your Majcftic would not meddle with it ; the fame my
JLord of Butkin&htm told me, with this affurance of your promife I
went away fecure in that poynt. Sithence hiscaufewas heard, he
moved all that heard it with much companion to him, and the people
did think, that when you fent him to the Tower, you would have
fentforhimto havekifled your hand. But your Majeftie is abu-
fed,for they do not let you know, what is thought of the proceeding
againft this good man, knowing how truely be loveth you, with the
truth of his caufc, that you would not follow him, and his children
tthicb might Wtth cruelcie. MyLord hath fpent in running a Tylc, in Mafques,
have been and following the Court above 20000. And Sir (hall his reward
better now be to be turned out of his place without any offence committed.
fp*t. 5 j f j am tnc c hild of your old Servant, and am now great with child,
I know it will kill me, and I (hall willingly die rather then defirelife
to fee my unfortunate felf, and mine thus miferably undone. Sir I bc-
feech your Majeftie remember my Father that is dead, and me his di-
ftrefled child; for if he could know any worldly thing, he would
wo.ndertofee me, and thofe that (hall come of me, thus ftrangly
ufed. But my hope is ftill in your Majefties goodneffe, and that you
will not be carried away with the malice of other men. In this con-
fidence I reft with my daily prayers for your health and happineffe,as
Yours &c.
E.H.
The Ldy Elizabeth Norris it the
Lord,
EVcr finceyour Lordfliips firft recommendation of my husband
to me, I have thought my fclf much ingaged to your Lordftiip ;
for I muft confeffe after he had taken his leave of me, I did love him
never the iefle; for immediately after my fathers death ( when in
my
Lady Elizabeth Norris to the Ttokt. 127
my Confcienceheleaft ex pe ft ed to hear from me) I did both fend
and write to him, which he might interpret an incouragement, or ra-
ther an invitation. I did it the rather, becaufe I did not believe thofe
which did him ill offices; for thofe which were moft for him, on a
fudden were moft againft him. 1 muftconfeffe, that pitie did con- -
firm my affection, and I truft your Lordfhip will commiferate his
eftate, as you do the fall of all mankind, for I was the Eva, and he
was the *s4d<im : and I pray God the King and your Lordfhip may
forgive us, as I am confident God will pardon us. Your Lordfhip
may imagine my Mother was of the plot, but I take God to witneffe,
that fhe was not only againft it, but contrarily. I did believe fhe
was wholly for your Brother: .And for your Brother, my Mother
recommended him to me, whom I ufed like a Gentleman of high
worth and quaiitie. But I did by no means abufe him by promife,or
taking guifts, which I falfely fuflfer for, in the opinion of the world,
I only took a ring by my mothers appointmenr,which came as a token
from my Lady your mother, which was of very fmall value. My
husband and I am refolved rather to fuffcrin the opinion of the
world, then contradict any thing which fhall be aggravated againft
us. Wemuftboth honour you, and think our felvesmuch ingaged
to your Lordfhip, After God, I proteft you are the onely authour
of it: for by your means, I firft fettled my a ffedion. Iknowthere
are thofe which do my husband and me ill offices. I have rcafon to
be jealous of the Lord Montgomery for he would have put tricks upon
me in making me deny the Contract; and when he failed in that, he
went about to make me believe Mr.frraj had denied his. And co
tell your Lordfhip true,his violence and over-earneftnefle made me
the more averfe. If my husband had not fetched me, I would have
come to him, and fo Kent him word.
Thus humbly bcfeeching your Lordfhip as you arehappiein your
wife, that you would bepleafedto make our peace with the King;
and feeing it is Gods aft, that you wx>uld honour us with your favour.
We fhall be both bound to joyn in prayer, that you may be ever
happie in your Wife, and in your Childrens Children, And fo with
my humble refpeft to your Lordfhip, 1 reft
Your Lord fhips humble fcrvant p v
Elizabeth
128 * ^
Sir Edward Cccyl tetheDtike.
H
Cfl/7 verj good Lord,
Ow much my affe&ion and ambition hath been to ferve your
Lordfhip before other men, I hope I (hall not need now to ex-
prefle, confidering it hath been clear and manifeft to your own trial,
whtreof I do bear ftill the teftimonie, and the continuance in mine
own heart. But in your nobleneffe it will not appear impertinent to
yourLord(hip,thatI put you in mind, how much I fuffered in the
difgrace my enemies caft upon me about the imployment for the Pa-
Jatinate, when I was under your protection ; whether I fuffered for
mine own fake,or for your Lord(hip,I know not : howfocver of this
J am aflured,the greateft caufe I gave them, that had leaft reafon,was
Jbecaufe I fought not them, but your Lordfhip only. And for the
Aicce(fe,you may fee by the miracles the imployment hath brought
forth, that it was carried another way, rather for private ma-
lice then for any great zeal to the advancement of the publique
Now my Lord, for your own honour, and for the upholding of
your fervant, make me fo happie,if there be any imployment for men
of my pro'fefiion (as there is opinion,/ that I may be the man by your
Lordfhips means, wherein you (hall make me your obliged, as I am
now your affectionate fervant. For which you (hall be aflured of as
thankful heart,as any breathes in the whole world. In the enjoying
of which kind of fervice, though you are accounted the moftiappic
among great men, yet you cannot have too much of it. I could re-
member your Lordfhip of his Majefties gracious promife for my im-
ployment before any other in the prefence of the Prince and your
J.ord(hip, and that I am the firft General his Majeftie ever made,and
that I had no ill fuccefle rn the pe/feding of that fervice ; yet for all
this, I will onely truft in your Nobleneffc, if you refolve to make me .
your Creature.
And if it (hall pleafe his Majeftie to hold me worthy of this honour,
I will undertake to fave his Coffers (as I have heretofore done) the
fixth part of the imployments charge and coft, that any other man
(hall require, .who makes not a computation for the managing of it,
by a fufficient expence of his own.
I will not write more at this time, but to wi(h your Lordftiip as
much
$b Edward Cecil t* tie Duki. 12 $
mtich happinefle as your heart can defirc , and that you will give me
an occation to ihew how much I am, and will be
Your Lordfhips moft faithful and
From our Army tb affectionate fervant,
20. o/Novcmb.
Ed. Cecil.
Sir Edward Cecil to tkc Dttkc.
Maj it fletfeyottr Excellency,
TpHis Gentleman Sir George /W*/hath now cleerly quitted the
J. fervice of the States, for this efpecial reafon (as he affures me) to
be the more abfolutely imployed in your Excellencies fervice. This
I know, his friends here that love him (which are manyj are very
forrieto part with him, for there is no melancholy where he goes.
And therefore confidering the condition of this place, we (hall be
great lofcrs, being upon a melancholy place, and fervice, ill payed,
tick of all difeafes in the world, in a place that is next neighbour to
hel!,ifthe book printed fay true, which faith,tbattheLow-Countrie-
men are next neighbours to the devil. And I am fure, we are now
feated lower then any part of thcfe Countries; for the waters are
above us, and about us, and we live in more fear of them, then of the
enemy ; for we may be drowned at an hours warning, if we do not
continually work againft it, and yet,and it (hall pleafc your Exccllen-
cie, this is the Seat for a Winter War. Many more inconveniencies
we are daily fenfible of, of which I have endured fo much, as I dare
fay without vanitie, that few of my rank and fortune have fuffered
more, or longer then I have done inthefe Countries; having fer-
vcd thefe 27. years together without intermiffion ; and all this for no
other end (for I am 900 1. a year the worfe for the Wars) then to
make me able to fcrve my Prince and Countrie when occafion (hould
be offered.
But fince the time is come, that opinion doth fo govern, as ftran-
gers get the Command, and new Souldiers imployed, which was ne-
ver heard of before amongft men of our occupation, It is high time
for me to retire, andwifti I had been of any other profeflion then
this. For if long fervice can get no honour, nor reward, nor im-
ployment, but the contrary j it would touch a mans difcrction to be
S more
,- Sir Edward Cecyl u tttnttfj Conwayl
more and more unfortunate ;AH my comfort is,that 1 (hall have the
honour and good fortune in my retreat, to draw neerer to your Ex-
cellencies fervice, if not in my profeffion, (which I defire above all}
yet in fomdthing whereof your Excellencie may make ufe of me. For
Jam ambitious of nothing more, then to prove my fclf by action,
and not by recommendation,
Your Excellencies mod faithful devoted,
from ottr Army at and humble fcrvant,
Decemb. E& CecjL
Sir </aW Cecil to Mr. Secretary Conway*
very good LorJ^
IT hath pleafed your Lordftiip to write me three Letters lately ;
the one a particular lift of officers, that ftiould be fent from hence.:
the fccond for Mr. Hopton, the third an acknowledgement onely of
the receipt of my Letter to your Lordftiip. The firft I have put in
execution, and have written to your fon, Sir EAwurA County to give
them all notice of your Lordfhips Care of them. And to let them
know how welcome any one (hall be to me, that you chink fit to be
imployed. For one of them called Enfign Rtitjesford, I had fet him
down, becaufe I received your Lordfhips direction from himfclf.
For Mr. Hopton I have written unto him according to your defire,
with your Letter inclofed ; concerning the laft, I give your Lordfhip
many humble thanks for having expreffed the acceptance by your an-
ftver. Touching your bufineffe here : the State hath ben as contrary
to us, as the wind. For though they fee a great action likely to be
performed to their own good, with little coft to themfclves j yet they
defire to be fo wife, as to make benefit, both waves, and not to balk
any advantage: which makes them ftand fo ftiff upon the denying of
us Officers, and Souldcrs by election, and will yield to fend none but
whole companies, onely to abate fo much upon the repartitions. But
Sir wi&itmSt.Ltigif and I, have utterly refufcd thcj'r offer as a
propofition againft his Majefties ferviee : for by this ignorant win-
ter war our Companies are grown half new men, having loft moft of
oar old, and of thofc new men the half are fick befides : So that his
Mtjtftiefhould be beholden to them, rather for names, then Kicrt:
And.
Sir Edward Cccilfc tart/tfy Conway.
And again for ihc Officers, and Soulders, it i$ like they fliould be
moft of them the worft in the regiment, from whence they are to
come. Whereas if we might have had thofc Officers we madechoicc
of, which were but ten Captaines, and other inferiour Officers to the
number of thirty, they might have been fit for jmployment upon a
double enemy. And I could wifli, that whenfocver his Majeftic
ihall be once furniftied with Good Officers, it would plcafe him to
make account of them, as thefemcn do, who have had long experi-
ence, and known their Value.
It plcafcd my Lord the Duke to write to me a Letter, and to let
me know be had chofen me his Officer, to attend, and obey him this
journy :an honour too great for me, becaufel did never expect it,
but nothing fliaU excufe my faults, faving my life. And among
many other directions he commanded me to provide for the
Army fuch necefiary things as cannot be bad in England. Where-
of I have thought of many, which I fear, I ihall not have the time
to get. In my care belonging to thcfe provisions, I have con-
fidered the ufe of our fmall pieces of Ordinance here, which they call
Drakes, that (hoot 70. Musket bullets. They will be of great ufc
in this fervice, both in regard of the quick landing, and of the patting
of fuch mountainous places, as perhaps we may meet withal, and like-
wife in refped of the little hope we have to get any good mufque-
tiers,or at leaft any great ftore of them. But they are in fuch favour
here, as we can obtain none from hence, and fo are forced by a ge-
neral confent to buy ten of them here, that were provided for th
King of France. And the reputation they carrie is fuch, as they
are readie mony every where. They coft not much more then 400.
ftcrling, and I hope they will prove the profitablelt pieces that wre
everufed in the quarrel of his Maieftics Friends. We havelikewife
considered of what fervice a company of Firelocks would be to the
a&ion, but the time is fo (hort, we cannot raife them. Howfoever
we are promifed of the States to have leave for a companic of Har-
quebuffiers, which are of fuch ufe upon all occafions, that we cannot
mifle them. And we have chofe a brave and worthie Gentleman
his Majefties Servant and Subject who is willing to leave any fervice
for this,bcing the fervice of the King. If they (hould ha *e beenraif-
cdin England, his Majeftie muft have payed for the horfes, armcs,
faddles, and piftols, and yet not find any able to have ferved in that
kind.
The wind (as yet) holds contrary, which hath made me fend th
by Sir Ht*ry r**#, who goes a way, that I dare not paffc. But (I
S a hope
Sir
hope) if the wind ferve, not to be many dayes behind him to receive
your Lordfliips command ,more particularly which I Will obey as
Your Lordfhips mod humble Servant,
Haghz.JahciifoS.
Ed'. Ctcjt.
Toft/tript.
tbathj
ofmony in hand, or mere pay, wilfeafily difcover thcmfclves,
whom fome of the new men (to be rcleafed) will be glad to fatisfy,
without charge to his Ma jeftie.
Mj moft excellent
THere are fome Letters of mine, that had come to your Lor(hipy
hands, a good many dayes iince , had not the wind been contra-
ry and withftood cheir paflage. The fuWtance whereof was onely
to (hew you how thankful I hold my fclf to your excellence for fo
great and infinite a favour as ichath pleated your excellence to think
me worchie of. But as is it a favour that will fet me on work all
the dayes of my life : : fo is it greater then I can ever defcrve. How-
foever my refolutipn is to do ray bcft. And I humbly befeech your
.Excellencie to believe, that with my diligence, and the beft under-
ftandingl have, I will feck nothing but to pleafe you, and to ho-
nour y ou j and if God fay Amen to make the world fpeak of your
defign as. much (I hope) as ever our Nation hath given caufe. And
for th fa'ults of my fclf, and thofe I ftiall bring with me, they (hall
net be cxcufed, but with our lives, and bloods: for I hope I (hall
bring none, but fuch as know what to dp, and when they come to it
will bite fooncr then bark. I do proraife my fclf your Excellencie
will have no caufe to doubt or repent you of your favours, for I
know what men have done, and what they can- do in my occupation.
But God is God, and men are but men.
All ay difcouragemcnt is, that the States anfwer not his Majefties
expectation
Sir Edward Cccyl ti the Dtthl
expectation being fearful (cfpecially fince the loffe of Breda) to part
with any or' their old Officers, or old Souldiers ; but my hope is now
better, for we have put them to another refolution, by anfwering all
their obje&iont. By this difpofition of the States to the keeping all
their old Souldiers, I wifli your Excellencie will be pleafed to be as
careful in your choice, as you are dcfirous of great dcfigns. For
otherwife the honour, and the charge will both be call away, as your
Excellencie may perceive in fomeofour latter expeditions, feeing
that although there are many called Sould iers in the world, yet but a
few there be, that are fo : for fo long a man muft live in thepro-
feflion to inable him fufficienrly, that many grow unable to perform,
what they know,before they have attained to the knowledge of what
to perform. The knowledge of war being the higheft of humane
things that God fuffcreth mans underftanding to reach unto.
I have according to your Excellencies command made as many
provifions as I can for the (hortnefie of the time, of Inch things as
cannot be gotten in England. And I could have wifhed I had known
of this imployme nt but fome months fooner ; for then I could have
faved his Majefty fomewhar,and have added many things that would
very much have advanced the fervice. For in our profeflion the pre-
paring of things belongingto the war,doth more (hew a mans experi-
ence and judgment, then any thing elfe,by reafon the firft errours are
the begetting of many more, that afterwards cannot be avoided.
Your Exellencie may be pleafed to inform your felf of all the ex-
ploy ts, and undertakings of our nation, that none of them hath fuf-
fered (for the moft part) more then through the negligence of pro-
vifions,asinvi&ual, munition, boats for Landing, and for the re-
ceiving of lick men, to keep the reft from infection. In this point of
provifion, it is not good totruftupon a particular man, for gain is
a corrupter where the care is not publique. And in fo great an ex-
pedition, one muft do with living men, as they do with the dead,
there muft be overfcers and executors to have a true intent well per-
formed.
I have prcfumed to write thus much, to (hew my thankfulnefie to
your Excellencie, and my great affection to his Majefties fervice,
whereof I am infinitely poffefled. I hear your Excellencie is in-
F.r*nct,but my prayers to God are to fend you fafe,and happie home.,
for the World holds you the foule of advancing his Majefties affairs,
wherein his Honour is ingaged as it is,cfpccially in this adion, being
the firft, and a Great One.
And as for my felf, who am now a creature you have made,! know
not:
sir Edward Ccci! ft the Duke.
not whtit Khali do when I come to EngUnd, being your Excellencies
Ihadow only.
I have here attended the wind, andfincel cannot force it, I am
glad of the opportunitie to fend the Letters by Sir HtnrjVane, who
goes over Land, a Paflage I am not capable of, having been fo long
their enemie. But I hope God will fend me fooo after, leaving Sir
wittitm S*. Leiger here for the difpatch of that which remains. I
have written more particularly to my Lord Comvay which I dare not
fet down here for fear of being tedious, and knowing his Lordfhip
will give your Excellence an account of it. And fo in all humble-
nefle and dutie, I pray God fend your Excellency honour, and length
of life for his Ma/eftie's affairs, and for the happincflc of
Your Lordftiips moft humble, faithful
H*gb the 3 d . of and obed ienc fcr vant,
June, 1625.
Sir Edward Cecil to the Duke.
M) mojl ExctUent Lord,
THe occafion of my boldnefle in prefenting your Excellency with
thefe lines, is for that, contrary to my expectation, I hear that
there is a Commiffion a drawing to make Sir Horace fare a Baron of
England. It is ftrange to me at this time to hear it, for that I know
not what worth there is more in him, then in thole, that are equal in
profeill on , and before him in birth. If your Excellencie have made
choice of me to be yourfecondin this journey of fo much charge,
and expectation, and to make me leile then I was, what courage (hall
I have to do you fervice ? or what honour will redound to your Ex.
cellcncie i But although I write it , yet I cannot believe it v for thac
I know you of that judgment and noblenefle, that you will rather
adde to your faithful fervants, although they beg it not, then to dif-
grace them, and make them icifc. Therefore I will continue my be-
lief, and reft
Your Excellencies moft humble,
^9. of July, and t devoted fervant,
1625.
El CM.
Mj
L&d Wimbledon t$ tkt Duke.
IT hath not a little troubled your faithfol fervant at my laft being
with your Excellencie infPto-H*# Garden, to underftand (after
I had attended folong) that! had ill offices done me to his Majeftie,
and yet the World is of opinion, that I have your Excellencies favor.
I prcfcntly went home, and ever fince I have mufed and confidered,
and can find no reafon or policie for my being kept from his Ma je-
tties prefence,which maketh me and my neer friends aftoniflied. For
hitherto I have received no favour, but rather the moft ftrifteft pro-
ceeding, that ever was ufed (and without example) to any man, that
had fuch a charge.
And whereas there is no Commiffion of any force, or validitie,
without the afiiftance of the State, and Prince he ferveth, for he
that Commandcth is but one man, and the reft are many thoufands,
which are great oddes, yet I have been pnbliquely heard before the
whole body of the Councel(my adverfarics Handing by)fo curioofly, :
as no inquifition could have done more.
For firft, I was examined upon mine inftru&ions, then ttpon my
afts of Councel, then upon my journal, then upon a journal com-
pounded of by ten fundry pcrfons, which were under my Command
both Landmen and Seamen, which was never heard of before, and I-;
did not only anfwer in particular to all points that were demanded,
but by writing which is extant: yet cannot I get any judgment or
report made to bis Majcftie, but rather time is given to my enemies
(as I hear) to make an ill report of me and my adionsto the King.
But when I was to be accufcd,there was no time delayed nordeferrcd,
and fuch men as I have proved guilty,and failed in the principal point
of the fervice, to have fired and deftroyed the Shipping, are neither
examincd,or any thing faidagainft them, which is frrange,efpecially
Sir LMichaetGeere. So that I know not how my Lord of EJfex can
take any thing ill from your Excellencie, unlcfle it be to have you do
injuftice, or againft all reafon. Hemayrather give your Excellencie
1 ' ' ' " '" "on forktting
which would
^any flie,or
break out, without righting with them.
Now (my Lordj I humbly befeech your Excellencie toconfider
my Cafe, that hath been fo leverely examined, and no body clfe, and
that after my Examination, I have lingred fo long in my wrong? i
and
My Lord Wimbledon ** ttiDufa
and difgraces, and by the ill offices your Grace doth (ee are done me
to his Majeftie, which will rather increafe then diminifh, fo long as
I (hall be kept from the prefence of his Majeftie, that is I know of
himfelf the jufteft Prince in the world, and yet to be in your Excel-
lencies favour.
And I hold my felf clear of all imputations in defpight of
all malice and practice, that bach been againft me, to obfcure all
my endeavours which my adverfaries in their confciences can beft
witncflc , that when they flcpt I waked ; when they made good
chear, I fafted ; and when they refted, I toylcd. And befides, when
they went about to hinder the journey at Pllmoutb^ by railing on the
beggerlineffe of it, and difcrediting of it, I was content to take it up-
on me, though againft my judgment, as I did fecretly deliver both to
his Majeftie and your Gracc,beforc I departed from the Coaft : No-
minating in my Letter to his Majeftie all the inconveniencies that did
after happen unto the Fleet : for had it not been in my obedience to
li is Majeftie, and my good affedion to your Excellence, (that I did
fee fo much affed it, and was fo far ingaged) I would have been ra-
ther torn in piece*, then to have gone withfo many ignorant and
malicious people, that did (hew fo little affection or courage to hi*
Majefties fervice, or any affedion at all to your Excellencie. Yet
for all this, all hath been laid upon me, having had rather hard cour-
fcs taken againft me, then any way maintained in my Commiffion
which was given me, which no State, that I have ever heard of, did
before. I pray God his Majefties future fervice do not fuffer for
it ; for where his Majefties Officers are not obeyed, he can never be
fervcd.
Wherefore my fuit is, that if I have any ill offices done me to his
Majeftie, that I may clear my felf before him by your favour, which
I have fo long attended after j or by way of Petition , which the
meaneft Subject is not to be hindred in,- for as I continue now, I
have not onely wrong done to me,, but I fuffer as much puniftunenc
(without any fault) as if I had been condemned.
And.that your Excellencie will do me the favour to deal plainly
with me , to let me know, why I am deferred from his Majefties
prefence , which is not denied to any , having received fo much
wrong.
If my fuffcring be to adde any fervice to your affaires in thefe
troublcfome times, let but this honeft friend of mine know fo
much, and I will fuffer any inconvenience, as I have, mifery, dan-
ger.
My lord Wirrblcdon
, and decay of my fortunes for your Excellencies fake. And
o I reft
Your Excellencies moft devoted, and
28 th . Apr. faithful and thankful fervanc and
1626. Creature,
Wimbledon.
Mj Lwd Wimbledon to the Dake.
raciota Lord,
T Under ft and that it pleafed the Lords to grant the Colonels leave
Ito accufe me anew, and they have taken to them the moft difcon-
tented Seamen they could get to help their malice forward. I had
thought, that before my coming, they fhould have had time and ad-
vantage fufficiencly to have (hewen all their envie. And 1 was per-
fwadcd, that they could not have defircd more, then to have been
prefentwhenl fliould be examined, and my journal read. At the
reading whereof they took all the exceptions that might be, and I
did aniwcr them all in your Excellencies prefence, as I thought fully,
whereupon they feeraed to be fo content, as they had no more to fay;
neither did they at that time defire to make a journal, or to fay any
more.
Then the Lords rcfolutions were only to hear the Seamen fpeak,
upon whom all the bufineffcdidlie. Iftheymay be fuffered upon
new Combinations,to bring new flanders upon me,I cannot tell what
to think of it. But this I can fay, that if this courfe be taken,hi$Ma-
jeftie will never be without a mutinous Armie. ( which all States in
policy do fhun) For when the Common Souldiers (hall fee their
Chiefs give them fuch examples , they will foon follow, being that all
Armies are fubjed to it, efpecially a new Armic. I had thought that
one Trial had been fufficient, being it was before fuch an Affcmbly.
But if I fhould be accufed, I fliould defire to have new accufers, and
not the fame that have already accufed me, (for fo there would be no
end ) & that upon theirPetition,! might have been heard what I could
juftly fay, why they fhould not have leave to make a journal, and
not to give them leave before I were heard. I am afraid there was
never any fuch president before, and what inconv eniencies may come
of it time will (hew,
T I
j. 2 g $/* John Ogle (4 tb&Ditfa
Ifiaveibaghfi to none of the Lords a I fear my enernie* have aooej
{I know not whether Khali fuffer for it or no) but my tcuu nath only
ben in your Exccliencie and the juftneffe of my Caufe. I have been
your Excellencies Officer in as difficult and as mifcrablc an adion as
ever any one hath undertaken, and with as little afiiftance as ever any
one had. For many of thofe that fhould have afiifted me, were more
careful in betraying me,thcn in forwarding hisMajefties fervicc. And
if this courfe be held to encourage them, there is no man (hall fuflfer
more then his Majeftiesfervicewill. For it will be folly for any
roan to look, to hisMajefties fervice, or to take any pains to prevent,
or.hinder that which may be committed againft it; But to let every
man do what he will, fo all will be pleafed, and he that Commands
(Kail have no man to (lander him, which is the way to live in
quiet.
1 Thus much I thought was fit for meto let your Excellencie un-
derftand, and withal, that I held it a great unhappinefle for nre (that
have taken fuch toyl and pains, and-fuflfered fo many flandersj to be
kept back by my enemies from that honour, that never any one of
my rank and place was hindered in, which is from killing the hand
v of mySoveraign Lord theKing All Power is in yourLordftiips handsj
wrhetheryou will uphold me in my juflrcaufe, or no, or let me be rui-
nated for want of it. So that I can fay no more, but that if I fuflfer,
EflwltbcyourExceilenciefcMartyr-ifnot, I (hall all my life reft
Yx>ur Excellencies moft humble, and mo(t
thankful fervant and Creature,
irA;:}'?) jio^Gihiui .'T.. * >::::;
,< , i . w ,
Sir John Ogle * tkt Dttkt.
Right Excellent undmofi gratiottf Lord,
A^Ndbecaufe yoaarefo, why (hould not I put my foul in your
*^*4iand f that I have not done it fooner was not through want of
will'in me, but it hath been the will of God, that mine acknowledg-
ment (hou Id be the fuller, your goodneffe the greater. Your Grace
osrmot be ignorant 1 of the many motions I have had thereto, but my
ienchathbeen- made irrefolutc by feveral diftra&ions, I lay
y felf^and thefortunes .0^ mc^ an A: mine at, your Graces feet.
Take
Sir
Talc me up then (nobleft Lord) as becomcth the fame which you
have, and the confidence which I have of you with a hand of good-
nefle. If I had wilfully finned againft you (when I was wickedly
infnared and beguiled by that wretch at Vtrecbt, to whom I gave
fome Extract out of your Letters, asalfo out of the Lord Embafia-
doursj or did ytt with obftinacie maintain fnch indifcreet pro-
ceeding, your Grace might in juftice reject me as unworthy.
But fincc you have long difcerned in me a propenfion to crave your
pardon, though dill unhappily diverted till this time; I truft youc
true Noblenefle, generoufeefle and goodneffe to be fuch, as you .will
not only not turn this heartie fubmiflion to any difadvantage on my
part ; but looking upon mine ingenuitie.with a right eye of gracious
inclination, both pardon my fault, and follie towards your felf, and
alfo (to bind my prayers to be offered in the greater zeal for you, for
I {hall not be able to do you better fervice then in prayer) be a ftrong
mediator to his gracious Ma jeftie, that my crrours of weaknefle, and
want of discretion, committed then towards bis late Majeftie of ever
blefled memorie, and his Embafladour, with what other oversights
may have been gathered up fince, may be freely and fully forgiven
and remitted, that fo my foul being difcharged of all fear of difplca-
fure againft me, I may with a cheerful heart and quiet confcience,go
on in fuch a vocation as the Lord (hall have appointed for me. My
Lord, this wound hath long fettered neer my heart, and though falfe
skins have been drawn over it fometimes by unskilful hands, yet have
I ever judged it the fureft cure to rip it up by Confeflion, and heal
it by Contrition. And fure I judge that it favours more of a right
generous fpirit to confefle a fault, then to conceal it, efpecially when
the party offending is free from malice, and the party offended of *
nature fo noble and full of goodnefle, as nothing can be wifhed to be
added unto it,' and which is yet more and this have you gracioufly
done to me, (my Lord) figned himfelf with his own hand a true ana
faithful friend unto him, the more to invite him to truft him. And
truft you I do my Lord, and in you (next my Gracious Sovereign)
as much as may be in any arm of flefli. The God of Heaven (I hope)
will fpeak peace to my foul, if the King, and your Grace will fend
peace to my heart. I truft you will, and will pray to God you may,
that I may in ail cheerfulnefle and thankfuIndTe ever remain
XOHT Grace's moft humble,and faithful,awl
3. Jane, obliged fervant
1625. fy.Ork.
T a *
Sir Robert Manfchto tfc itokt.
Poflfcript.
IBcfcech "your Grace to fend fome other man to take this Charge
which I too weakly for fear of offending by denial have thus far
undergone, but upon hope of being withdrawn. Yet frill fubmit my
felftoyour Graces good pleafure^
Sir Robert Manfcl to the Duke.
Right Honourable and my finguhr good Lord^
HAving ufed ail the poffible fpeed I could to repair to Algitr,
where I (hould have been by the 1 5. of March laft, I held it ray
dutie humbly to prefent unto your Lord (hip the particular account of
ray proceedings,
Before my arrival I furniflied the two Prizes; three Sngandiaes^n^
a fourth Boat with Firelocks, and combuftible materials for the
burning of the Pyrats fhipswithinthe (J^*/, and had trained my
men in the execution of their feveral duties, and likewife appointed
a fquadron of boats with fmall ihot to refcuc the vcflcls of execution
in their advancement and retreat.
The firft night of my arrival being the 21. of//*; laft, tbevefTelt
of execution were all advanced, but by reaJTon of contrary winds they
were commanded to retire.
Xhefecondand third nights they were alfo in a readtneffe, but
were withheld with calmes.
The fourth night it pleafed God to blefle us with a fair Gale, and
they being advanced again, and the two (hips with the fire- works,
having almoft recovered the mouth of the/f<w/(the wind to our great
grief) turned to the oppofite point of the Compafle.
The boats- performed their directions in towingof the (hips,but
confidering, that by the continuance of the courfe, they {hould ex^
pofe their principalUft men to hazard, by rcafon of the great ftore
of Ordnance and fmall (hot,, which plyed upon them, they debated
amongft thcmfelves what to do,, Capt. Hughet (who commanded
oneofthe Brigandines) replyed, Go on, and give the attempt with
the bpats^whictv they cheerfully purfued, crying out without ccffati-
on,King |iMJr 3 King 7*^,God blefle King famer, and fearleffe of
danger(eycainrfit mouth of the Canon,and fmall ihot,whiciiihow-
re<l
Sir Robert Manfel t* the Duke..
rcu like haile upon tncm) they fired the (hips in many places, and
maintained the fame to the great comfort of us,that were fpeftatours,
folong as they had any powder left in their bandileers, driving in
the end who (hould have the. honour to come off laft , the which at
length, as a due to his former refolution and courage, they left to cap-
tain Hughes, and fo retired, all the (hips continuing ftill their cheer-
full cry, King 9<*ww,with the lofs of 20. that were flain, and hurt, and
leaving the nre flaming up in 7. fcveral places, which continued in
fome of them long after their retreat, and being aboard his Ma je-
tties (hips.
The cowardly Turks, who before durft not (hew themfelves to fo
weak a force, but from the walls or the tops of their houfes, fo foort
' as they perceived all the boats retyred , opened their port^and Salli-
ed out in 1000. and by the help of fo great multitudes, and a fuddaia
(howerofrain , feconded with a calme which then happened, the
fire was after-extinguifhed, without doing any more hurt then ma-
king two of their (hips unferviceable.
During that Stay, there there came out of the Moal only oneFri-
got, which we forced to run on (hoare.
Other fervice by us there performed, was the finking of one of
their beft men of war by Sir Thomas wilford^ and Captain Cbidldghy
fhe wasmann'd with a 130. Turks and 12. Chriftians, whereof 12,
onely efcaped, the reft were either flain or drowned, which appeared
both by the relation of divers Chriftians which nightly efcaped
aboard us, and by divers of the dead bodies that floted upon the wa-
ter by our (hips. Wetooklikewife before their faces in the Bay*
Fly-boat, which the Pyrats had formerly taken from the Chriftian*
and fold to Ligorn. In her Merchandize to be exchanged for Py-
rats goods, and fome mony amounting to 2000. and odd pounds,
the cxaft account whereof I (hall not fffyl to addrefle to your
Lord(hip as foon as the fame is perfected by the councel of War. *
The Turks hereupon prefently manned out three Gallyes to rcskue
here, but Captaine Gi/es, and Captain Herbert, with the help of threo
Brigandines, which I fent out to fecond them, foon fetchtherupj
and brought ther unto me, and the Gallies were put to flight by Sif
""" r^, Captain Pfwr0,and Captain Ckildlegk,
During the time of my aboad there, after the attempt made by the?
boates, I attended ten dayes for an opportunity to fend in the (hips
with the fire workcs, to finifti the fervice begun by the boats ; but iff
all that time there happened not a breath of wind fit for their aD'
tempt, notwithftand ing the ihips were a 11 way es ready. at the. inftant^
ihan
;. ( ,
Sir Robert Manful to the Duke* )
that they (hould receive my dirediotftTTTaffVancc. But at laft unucr-
flanding by the Chriftians (thatefcapedby fwiitiming) aboard me,
howthePyrats had boomed up the Moaleswith Mafts, and Rafts,
let a double guard upon their (hips , planted more ordnance
upon the Moale, and the walls, and manned out twenty Boats to
guard the Boorne , and perceiving Ukewife, that they had lent out
their Gallics, and boates both to the Eaftward and Weft ward to
givcadvce to all the (hips upon the Coaft, that they fhouldnot
come in during my aboad there, a nd fo finding no hope remaining,
either by ftratagem to do fervice upon them in the Moale, or to meet
with any more of therein the regard of the daily complaints brought
unto me, both from fome of the Kings (hips, and moft of the Mar-
chants of their want of victuals, I refolved by the advice of the Coun-
cel of war to fet fail, whence I made my repair to this place, where I
met my Brother Roptr with your Lord fhips dirrcdions which I have
received, and at the inftant obeyed, by fignifyinghis Majefties plca-
fure declared by your Lordfhips Letter unto the worthie Comman-
ders of thofe four (hips whom his Majeftie bath pleafed to call
borne.
But my Lord, in the duty I owe your Lordfliip, and my zeal to his
Majefties honour and fervicc, I humbly beg your Lordfliips pardon
to advertize your Lordftiip, that feeing we have now made this at-
tempt upon the Pyrates, and that they perceive that our intent is to
work their utter ruine and confufion, the recalling of thefe his Ma-
jefties Forces before the arrival of others in their ftead, and the be-
reaving us of fo many worthy and experienced Commanders, I fear
may prove more prejudicial to the fervice, then upon one daies con-
fiderat ion I dare prefume to fet down in writing, by encouraging the
Pyrats to put in execution fuch ftratagems upon us, as to my know-
ledge they have already taken into their consideration. My reafons
for the fame, I (hall be bold upon more mature deliberation to offer
in all humbleneflc unto your Lordfhips judicious view, either by the
Commanders that are to return unto your Lordfhip, or by a melfen-
ger which divers of tbe Councel of War advife to be addrefled over
land on purpofe with the fame.
And fo being ready (fo foon as we have received in our water, and
.difpatched divers other bufinefles, which of neccffity maft be ordered
in this place) to fet fail for cft/<i/<g*, there to receive in our re-
mainder of Victuals, and to take my leave of thefe 4. Ships, and
fuch other of the Merchants as cannot be made ferviceable in thefe
With my endlefie prayers for your Lordfhips increafc of all
honour,
Sir Roberr Manfcl title Dttke.
Honour, I >*afe yonr Lordfhips farther trouble for the prefent
And reft
Your Lordfhips moft humble,moft faith-
Frtm aboard the ful and fad fervant,
Eion in Alegant
*^. 9 th . June. Robert
1621.
Sir Robcrc Manfel tede Dttk.
Right Honourable andmyjingttlar good Lord,
IT is not unknown unto your Lordfhip, that Sir Tbemat 'Button be-
fore his coming our, thought himfelf much wronged in thathedid
not hold the place of Vice Admirat in this FJeec, whereof I muft
acknowledge him very worthy, and that for my part I had ingaged
Sir RichtniliAvkint, a very Grave, Religious, and experienced Gen-
tleman, before I was allured whether Sir T homo* Button would leave
his imployment in Ireland, or no; and that afterwards Sir Thomas
Button by your Lordihipr mediation, was contented to undertake the
charge he now holdcth, which God knowes I laboured for no other
end, then for thefecuritieand advancement of his Ma jetties ferrice p ,
by reafon of the experience I have had of his fufficiency and abi-
lity.
Since that time, I have doubled that injury, A wrong was done unto
him which- cannot be denied, he patiently appealed to meforjuftice,
which I muft confeffe I denied him. Buttbe name of the perfon that
offered the wrong, and the reafons why I denied him Juftice, I muft
leave unto Sir Biich*rd Hayek*"* and Sir Hcnrj Palmer to relate unto
your Lordlhip, and if that will not give your Lordfliip fatisfa&iorv
I muft humbly fubmit my felf to your Lordlhipj Cenfure.
Notwithftanding the imprefiiontharthefc injuries took with -him, 1 ,
yet thus- much I muft truly confefle in his behalf, That there was no
man rnorezealous to advance his Ma jefties fervicc nor more forward
towndergoany danger or hazard then himfelf, whereof he hath
given aflhred teftimom'e to the World in thefe three partko^
mv.
Firft,tn thefervice performed by him onaChriftmalTe day atnighl^
wiiereoM have formerly advertized your Lordfhip at large.
Second! y- Therein? going over to *sHg**r cheerftiUyi; wilhoutcom*-
X
John Pennirgton u tfa Dukt.
plaining, when his Ship was fogrievoufly infeftcd, thathe haa not
able men in her to manage her Sailes.
Alfo in impioying the moft choice men in his Ship unclcr the conv
mand of his Nephew, for the firing of the Pyratcs (hips within the
Moale of Algier.
And laftly, in his joyning with Sir Rub&JHtvri&u in the towing
off one of the Prizes, when (he was becalmed within mufquetftiot
of the Mode*
My Lord, I muftproteft unto your Lordfliip, that I had no ends
o*f mine own for the injuries done to Sir Thomat Button, and there-
fore your Lord (hip cannot caft a greater honour upon your poor
fervant then in repairing him, which I humbly begg of your Lord-
If Sir Richard Hawkins do return unto me,thcn I (hall be an humble
fuitor unto your Lordfhip in the behalf of Sir Thomas Button that he
may return to his imployment in Ireland, from whence in my earned
defires to n/oy his company and affiftance, I was the only means to
withdraw him,and that he may receive fuch allowance and entertain-
ment as was formerly ufually paid unto him, by which means your
Lordfhip will take away the Curfes of his children, whofe blouds are-
neeruntome % and oblige me with my continual prayers for your
Lord (hips increafe of honour, ever to remain
Your Lordfliips moft humble and
From aboard the Vant- faithful fervant,
guards i o. of July.
1621. Rofat
Ctptain John Pcnnington
it ftetfejour Grace,
Y laft to your Lordfliip was of the 18. of this prefent from
rfMtfr ^847, (incc which time I have received two from your
Grace, atDw^onebyyourSecretaricMr. 2{icbola*, whereby your
Grace commands me to deliver up his Majeftics Ship, and the reft
under my Command, to the hands of fuch Frenchmen as his Chriftian
Ma Jeftie (hall appoint, according to his Majefties pleafure fignified
by my Lord Conwaj. And that I and the reft of the Mafters take fc-
curicic of them for our (hips fcveraJly according to the itrue valuati-
on.
'
C*pt*i* John Pcnnington U tfa Duke. 145
And to" fee this put in execution, you fent your Secretarie Mr.'
o/M. And the other by Mr. Inghatnm anfwcr of mine written
from St9^ei Bay. The former part whereof being only a command
to put your former in pradice, and the latter a denial of ray humble
fuit for my being called home from this Servke. Which faid part
confirms abfolutely, that it was not your Graces pleafure that I
fhould yield upthefhips into their hand,and difpofefTe my felf and
ompanieofthem:forl truft your Grace had no fuchunjuft thought
as to continue me here alone after.
The French had poflefiionofher to be their flave, as I am 'fare
they would- have made me if they had their wills.To give your Grace
an account of what I havedone iincelcamc to 1)eef (which was
the 2i rt . at this inftant about nine of the clock at night) would be
too tedious for this time. The 22 th . in the morning Earlie I fent
my boat aftioare with my Lievctenant to find out your Graces Se-
cretarie,to receive my Letters, whereby I might know your Graces
pleafure,and to kifle my Lord Embafladours hands from me, and to
let him know I was come with his Majeftics (hip to do him fervice,
but could not command the reft to come along with me, their Ma-
fters not being there, and all their companies in a mutiny. But
his jcloufie was fuch, that he would not fuffer your Graces Secretary
to come aboard, or to fend me your Letters, or that my Lievte-
nant fhould fpeak to him, but in his prefence, but prefeody fent a
Gentleman aboard to me, commanding me to come aihoar to him,
which I confeffc I was very loath to do, in regard my people were
much <lifcontented, and readie daily to mutiny, being all wondcrous
unwilling to go againft Roche!, or thofe of their religion. And befides,
I never having been a fhoare, fince I came into my command, neither
on our own Coaft, or elfe where, fit being not my ufe)yetnot-
-withftanding thefe particulars knowing his Greatnefle , and your
Graces plcafure, for the giving him all due refped, I prcfcntly went
to him, where he taking me into a roome apart with your Graces
Secretary, he firft delivered me my Lord Cowvaies Letter, or rathec
a warrant, ( for fohetearmsit himfelf) for the delivery of the (hip
into their hands (as they interpreted it) and then your Graces Let-
ter, commanding me to fee his Majefties pleafure (fignifyedbyifly
Lord Conwaie) put in execution. And laftly a letter from the King
of France, thereby willing me to receive his Souldiers aboard that he
had provided, and his Coufin the D. At LTttommorende, and to go
prcfently, and to joyn with his Great Fleet againft his rebellious fub-
This is the effed of that Letter. Having read all thefe letters,
v Iw
r]ohn Pennington to the Dulse*
he would prefcntly have poflcffion o"ftfic fhTpthat night, for that he
could not ftay longer. I told him, that I did not undcrftand it fo,
but that I was torcnder all fervice to his moft Chriftian Majcftiejbuc
nothing would ferve him,fave the prefent pofleflion, which becaufe I
would not yield unto, he grew into a ftrange furie, telling me, that
your Grace had fent your Secretary to fee her delivered, and fecurity
to betaken forher.My anfwer was,that I was ready to obey According
as I untferftood the warrant, which was to do his Chriftian Majeftie
fervice, and to receive a convenient number of Sould iers aboard me.
But to difpoflefle my felf of my command, I had no fuch order : but
ftill nothing wold fatsfie him but the ftiipe, telling me,he would not
entertain at the moft ( if they were willing) above 60. or 80. of our
people. My anfwer was, I had no order to difcharge a man of them,
neither could I, but if they were difcharged, what they {hould do, or
how they (nould get home, having neither meat, tnony, nor clothes,
I know not. To the firft bfthefe, he told me, that Mr. J^ickcUt had
order by word of mouth from your Grace to difcharge us^ which
Mr. Nicholas confirmed, as alfo to fee the (hip delivered, which he
commanded me to do. But with your Graces pardon I durft not
dojit upon words,it being a bufincfle of too high confequence,neither
if I had been willing,would my companieever have condefcended
to it. To the fecond,for our paflage^ he promifrd to have provided
barques for usj but to conclude this, and not to infift upon the reft
of the particulars (they being too tedious) his rage and fury was
fuch, that I muft of ncceflity give a little way thereto, or elfe I think
he would have kept me a(hoare,fo asl toldJiiml wascontent if my
company would yield thereunto, and therefore defired to go aboard
to fpeak with them, and to give order for the drawing up of the
invcntorie. And upon this he fuflfered me to depart, but not with-
out promjfesofa large fumme of mony which fhouldbe given me
at the furrender, befidcs a royal penfion during my life, he fending
his Sccretarie, and many others aboard with me to fee all things put
in execution, and your Gracoe Secretary toperfwade me to do it,
But when I had them aboard, I told them it was a thing not prefently
done, neither was my companie willing to deliver over the (hip
without a more ample warrant , yet I would do my beft to bring
both to pafle fo foon as I could* So ufing' them with the beft re-
fpcft I could, and fair promifes,that I would ufe all diligenc* for the
accomplifhing of their uefircs; though I muft confefle I never meant
iC, till I (hould hear further from your Grace, and have an efpecial
Warrant from his Majeftie s oryo\n Grace for it ? it being a bufinefle
Cty/4/* John Pcinington to the Dtih.
of fc* high a nature. VporTthefe hopes they departed, and went a
lhoare t where they nad not been Jong , till fome of them returned
back with a ftrange allarum from his Lordfhip,that he would pre-
fendy have pofiefiion of her,or my refolution to the contrary. And
althougl alleadged that the inventory, and other bufinefle weuld
not be difpatched in two daycs, ic would not fuffice, except I would
receive 400. Souldicrs aboard in the mean time till things were per-
fected.
Thus feeing I could not delay him till I heard farther from your
Grace, I was forced to give him this refolute anfwer, That upon this
Warrant, I would not deliver over the (hip unto him, neither if I
would, would the company give way unto the fame, we not holding
it a fufficient difcharge for us : But that we were ready to receive a
competent number of Souldiers aboard,with a chief Commander,and
to go uponfuch fcrvice, as his Chriftian Majeftie (houlddireftus,
according to the agreement with the King my Maftcr; but nothing
would fatisfie him but to have her delivered over to him , which
if I didnotprefently, my head (hould pay for it. I defired his
patience for two or three daics, till I had written and fent to your
Grace, and that he would let me have a Shallop for thatpurpofe ;
but he denied both the one and the other notwithstanding fent
away a Barque himfelf with one to your Grace, but would not fuffer
me to fend thereby,which made me the more jealous of the real intent
of thebufinefTc. The 23. he fent your Lordftiips Secretarie aboard
to work and pcrfwade me, but I could not give other anfwer, then
I had done formerly, only that I would attend until I heard farther
from your Grace; though I muft confeffc I had much ado to per-
fwade my Company,who were very unwilling to it. But I had hope
dill to have a more ample Order how to proceed in this great and
weighty bufinefle. And upon the 24. at two of the ctock in the morn-
ing, Mr. I*gh<tm (whom I fent from Stokes Bay to your Grace) retur-
ned unto me with two Letters, one from your Grace, and another
from my Lord Conrvay^ the former part of both commanding me to
put your former Commands in execution : but the latter part prohi-
biting me to depart with my charge, gave me the more -courage to
(land upon my former tearms.
This day your Graces Secretarie came aboard me again, after I
had fent your Graces Letter to him, being fent by the Embafladoar
toprofecutethe bufinefle, for the deliverie of the fhip unto them.
But after I had (hewed him, that part of your Graces Letter, he Jinew
aot what to fay to ic. I willed him to tell the EmbaiTadour,that this
V i Lcttcc
''CtytAn Pcriningtra /*jfo Vde
Letter was nothing but an anfwer of mine written from Xtokcn 'B*jt>
concerning the not coming of the reft of the (hips. I further offered
his Lordftiip this day for the more expedition of the bufinefle, to
take 1 50 of his men aboard,and to run over for the Coaft of England-
and to fend prefently to your Grace, that we were ready to furrender
over there, upon an authentique Warrant from his Majeftie, or your
Grace. His anfwer to this was, That he would not put his men in to
be prisoners, nor that we (hould be the major part. I then offered
him to take in as many French as I had Enghfh man for man, but
without arms f yet nothing would fatisfie him, but the pojfTeffion of
the Ship, either by delivering of her over into their hands, or by re*
ceiving<4QO armed men aboard, wherewith they would quickly have
taken her from us, as you may plainly fee their intent by their pro-
ceeding. Which I refufing to do, this night about ten of the clock 4
he fent his Secretaric aboard with three or four others to make a pro-
reflation againft me, as a Rebel to my King and Countrey, as yoi*
may perceive by the Copie of it, which I fend your Grace herewith,
and this he faid was the laft he would have to do with me, for that on
the morrow , he would away for Tarts. Whereupon the next morn-
ing I fent this Gentleman Mr. Ingham unto him to know, what far-
ther fcrvice he would command me, and whether he would have me
attend his pleafure longer here, for that I was ready to go upon any
fervice they would command according to the former agreement, and
to receive as many men aboard as poffibly I could but he faid he
had nothing to do except I would either deliver up the (hip, or take
in the 400, Souldiers. In the interim came fm Secretarie, with the
fame company he had before, and made another proteftation againflr
me, in regard I would not take in his 400. men , and therewithal
brought me a Letter from your Graces Secretarie, (for he is fo jea-
lous that he will not fuffer him to come aboard but. when he Jifteth)
which Letter wa*, That the Embafladour would itay tillThurfday
next, if I would, give it him under my hand to deliver up the (hip
then, if I had not order to the contrary before, which I had as good
have done at the prefent for I exped no Letters from your Grace,
in regard they would not fuffer me to write to you,asl defired. And
if your Grace (hould write to me by his meffenger, they would be
fure not to deliver them, till the day were paft, except fuch as were
for their turn.
In all which your Grace may fee their intents, that there hath been-
HO flights or wayes left unaflayed to bring their purpofe to paffe :
firft by fair words , then byCeckingto get me become the- French
Kings.
Pcnnirgton to tit Iteke.
Kings fcrvanr,with promTfcsol a great Penfion, and brave employ-
ment, with offers of good fums to belaid down upon the furrendec
of theftiippsaforefaid. And when noneof thefecourfes could pre-
vail with me, then followed their thrcatnings of having my head,and
fuch like, All which ( I thank God) I have withftood - for I had
rather live all my life with bread and water, then betray my King and
Country of fo precious a Jewel as this; and had rather the King
fhould take my life, then to have a hand in the furrender, or valuing
of fuch a Bulwark of the Kingdom.
Upon the making of the- laft Proteft, and with the threats they
gave us, my Company grew into fuch a fury and tumult, that they
got up their Anchors, and fet fail for England, without acquainting
me with it, or order from me, faying, They would rather be hanged
at home, then furrender the Kings Ships, orbc flavesto thc-French,
or fight againft thofe of the Religion. But I muft confefle, I heard 1
what they were a doing, but let them alone, becaufe I fa w they had
reafon ; otherwife, I fhould rather have died amongft them, then t<r
have fuffered it.
And thus I have related the principal paffages unto your Grace,
wherein, if I have offended his Majcftie^or yourGrace, it hath beenr
for want of difcretion, and not of true zeal to do his Majeftie, your
Grace,and my Countrey fervice,which if it be found to be an offence,
I humbly crave pardon.
I am now come to a*i anchor in the Downs, where I fhall attend
your Grace's farther plcafure, to be difpofed of as his Majeftie, and
yonr Grace (hall pleafc. But to return again to France, I can allure
your Grace, that all the people in the (hip wi41 rather be hanged then
do it, they have been fo well ufed there. Thus praying for your
Graces many happie and profperous daics, I humbly reft
Your Graces moft humble, and faith-
Trom Aboard tkr ful-fervant,
Vanguard inthe
"
J 625..
I/O
Pennington tot fa
\
ptttjcjovr Grace,
'O take into your Confideration thcfe particulars following :
J. Firft, That there is no claufe in the contract for our quiet in-
joying^nd celebrating our Divine fervice to God morning and even-
ing, according to the ancient order of the Seas.
Secondly, That they may bring as many of their own Nation
aboard as they will, and they fpeak of putting in as many French as
Englifti, which will amount to 500. in all, which the (hip is neither
able to carry, neither will it be for the health of thofe that go in her,
or fafcty of the (hip to his Majeftie. All which I defire may be con-
fidered of, and a courfe fettled with the .Embafladour of the juft
number I (hall receive aboard.
Thirdly, That we are bound to fight againft any Nation ,that they
command^ us,except our own 5 which you may likewife pleafe to con-
fider of.
.Fourthly, That there is no Glaufe for the fupplyofthc Victuals,
and other provifions before the fix moneths be expired, fo that they
may keep us till that time, and then turn us off naked and dcftitute of
all provifions to be a prey to our enemies.
. Fifthly, That we may know where we (hall receive our fupplies of
powder, and other munition from them, for that the three laft,
which we have in here, with the appurtenance, is not fufficient to
maintain a fight of three hours.
The former five Articles I humbly defire your Grace judicioufiy
itc to confider of; and what your Grace will have me therein per-
form, may be inferted in my inftructions.
Now further I humbly defire your Grace ;
Eirft, Thatall we Englifti may be of afquadron, and notfepara-
ted upon any occafion, the accidents of the Seaexcepted, and that
we may be ready at all times to ayd and afiift one another.
Secondly, That I may have power in my inftrudions,or otherwifc,'
for the command of the reft of the Englifti that go along with me,
if not, every man may take his courfe, and do what liketh him beft,
which may prove prejudicial to the fervice, di(honourable to the
State, and dangerous for the fafety of his Majefties (hip.
Laftly, I humbly defire, that your Grace will bepleafed to give
order, that there may be fomc provifionof Cloatheslaid in for na-
ked men, (whereof there are many in the (hip) as hofe, (hoes, and
fhirts
. TrumbrJ to the Setretaric. 1 5 r
Asalfofome provifion of ftore forfickmen, of
Oatmeal, Rice, Sugar, and fruit, and fome little flock of money, to
relieve them if neceflitie require it. It may afterwards be deduced
out of their wages, if your Grace will have it fo
Your Graces Loyal, and faithful fervant
ever to be commanded,
fo. Penmngtott.
Mr. Trumbal to the Stcrettric,
With my former dated the i I th . of this moneth, I fent yonr
Honour two Letters for his Ma jeftie, and promifed by my
next to write unto your Honour at large, about the matter they did
contain.
In performance whereof, and for the difchargeof my datie, I
will now defire permiflion hereby freely to deliver my mind , for fo
much as is yet come to my knowledge, and I judge meet to be com-
mitted to paper concerning the fame. And feeing this Packet is to
be fcnt by an exprefTe Mefienger, and a * perfon of truft, I will for *Mr.c*rif.
your Honours greater cafe abftain from the ufc of a Cipher.
After I had been at Lovain, and Antwerp to take fome depofitions
for the difcovcring of the authours and correctors of that moft per-
nitious Libel, Corona Regia, (as by a difpatch to the late Mr. Sccre-
tarie/**^ I did advertize h is Majeftie,) there came unto me a cer-
tain perfon, living about this Town, going by the name of Nicholat
dt Lake*, and brought me the Packet, which a good while fince I
fent to your Honour. Amongft other things, he told me, that here-
tofore by accident, he fell into the company of a Cannon of Lo
frf,with whom he had fome fpecch about that divelifti book, and
that ifl would fend thither, he was very confident, he fhould pene-
iraw farther by his private induftric in the fpace of a few dayes into
themyfterie then I had been able to do in thccompaffe of divers-
years, with my publique information.
Here upon to make atryall, and defiringto imploy Le fee et Le
rm/,forthe manifcfting ofa truth, which I knew his Majeftiefo'
ouch longed to undcrftand,l furniflied him with mony, and fome in-
ftru&ions, and fent him to Lt$**~K the end of fix Or fevcn dayes^
be returned from thence, and as his own letters do teftify, and (he
Jiath^pEotefted with many oaths) he avouched to me, that he had
discovered that fecret to the very bottom. I inquired of him,by whac
^meanes? He made anfwer by the help of the faid Canon, and fome
voungSchoIlarshiscountrie men, Students, inthatuniverfity,who
had brought him to the acquaintance of a certain Italian living
there, that had ferved the author of the book both while he4id coin-
pofe it, and while it was in printing, He averreth alfo that P/MM-
/, and fome others, had their fingers in that unfavorie Pyc. And
he faith> that when I began to make fearch for thofe perfons, whkh
had done his Majcftie that intollerable wrong, that the principal au-
, thour, and F/aviur the Printer were fecretly warned , to get them out
of this country, and had fome mcanes given them to maintain them
abroad. He affirmeth likewife, that both of them ever fincc. that
time, have remained, and are at this prefcnt remaining out of the ter-
ritories of the Archdukes. That he hath often feen the fayd authout
in this Citty,and knoweth his name, and Surname, and his perfon fo
well, as no change of his apparrel,nor difguifing of his body, can
caufe him to miitakc or be deceived. By his report, that party is no.
Clergie man, though he be a good Schollar, and reputed to have
an excellent Latin pea. But thofe commendable qualifies , are
drowned by his greater vices, he being much addifted to lewdc wo-
men, and unfatiable drinking. He is now fby this mans informati-
on) refident in a town upon the Frontiers of Germany, And as for
Flaviut^ he can (if he truly) declare where he lurketh, an4 aflureth
roe, that his wife is at a place within ten leagues of this town. The
Cannon that did overfee the prcfle, and withdrew the leaves of this
booke, as they were printed, is called (as he heard) Mr. Claud, and
dwelleth at Noftre Dame de H#lks , whither I purpofe to fend him
this Eafter holidaies to make farther inquirie. More then thefe,
and fome other particulars (which are fo tranfcendent, as I dare nei-
ther believe,nor fet them down in writing) he will not impartunto
me,untilhebeaffuredofhisMajeftics protedion,by a Letter under
his hand, and a competent reward for his labours- And the reafon he
al led geth therefore is, that if once it be known ,he did meddle in
this matter, there can be no more fafety for him to continue in thcfe
provinces. He doth further undertake, that in cafe his Majcftie will
be pleafed to grant him his demands, allow mony for the expencesof
thcjourny, and give him .two perfons of courage, and fidelity to
.accornpanie him, he will cither lofe his life, or put the fayd author
into
Mr. Trumba^fe/fo JmMryi
into their hands who roay carry him (as he thinketh) with little dan-
ger, either into the Pallatinate, or the united Provinces. Hereupon
I guefle,that ( if this report be well growndcd) that wicked fellow
muft be in , or near about the town of C*//m. I cannot amongft til
thofeof my acquaintance, and his Majefties fubjects here call to
mind any one fo fie for this interprize, as the Gentleman whofc
name is written in Cipher in my letter to his Majeftie. For he is uni-
vcrfally weH fpoken of for his honeftie,and other good Parts, and in
fundry occafions hath given good teftimony of his ardent defire to
dobisMajcftiefomercmarkeableand meritorious fervice. And his
fufficiencie being better known to his Majeftie then to my felf, I will
not commend it any further. The want of Employment and fome
difguftcs he received in Holland, while he ferved there, compelled
himbyneceflity tolooke for preferment under the King of Spain.
But hitheno his religion, the refpeft he beareth to his Majeftie, and
my perfwafions, have detained him from thofe Courfcs. By him I
am told, that he hath heard out of the mouths of one Captain Car"
pentine, and his fon in hw Captain Hamilton^ pencioners to the King
of Spain (but fubjc cts to his Ma jeftie, that they being one day walk-
ineinaftreet at Antwerp called the Major Brugg (where they re-
fidejwith 4. or 5. others in their companie, and there happening
fome fpeech amongft them, about a book his majeftie had then pub-,
lifted againftthe Pope, it fell out that one of them apprehending
that opportunity faid, that he had fubjeft enough to farnifti a book
which (hould more vex the King of great Brittain, then his Maje-
fties book could offend his Holinefle, and if he could meet with a
Schollar, that were able to put it into a method, and good latine, he
would be ready to perform his word. Another of the troop made
anfwer, that he would undertake the work upon that condition, and
they both (for a great whiles after ) were abfent at Lovain, even
about the fame time that the Libel was forged. Perhaps fome part
of this, may draw neer to the verity. But they both depending up-
on the King of Spain (as is before mentioned) and being avcrfc in
religion, I am much afraid,! (hall do little good upon them by exa-
mining them before the Arch Dukes Commiffioners,fecing they may
delude me , and the truth with equivocation,and mental refervation.
Although he conceiveth, that if they were called before a judge, and
fummoned upon their oathes to fpcake the truth, they would not re-
fufe to difcharge their conferences. I have ferioufly intreated him
to bcftow his bcft indeavour in attempting what he can further learn
about this relation, and he hath accepted to perform my requeft.
X The
p. Trumbal ;<
The faid Gentleman from whom I had it is no^willjnfg to be brought
publiquely upon the Stage, for this bufineffc, left thereby he ftiould
incurrethe note of an informer, then which nothings, or can be
more odious in thefe parts. Neverthelefle he hath promifed f if his
Majeftie like to have it fo, and will be pleafed to give com-
mandement for it) to juftifie what is before rehearfed to their fa-
ces.
Whether both thefe parties encounter upon one, and the fame
authour, or underftand them to be divers men, I can neither judge,
norfortell : yet it feemeth that one of them may hit on the right.
And as I will not fpare any paines, charges, nor peril whatfoever to
bring the parent of this child of darkeneffe into the light, fo I hope
his Majeftic(whofc caufe it is) will not refufe to hazard a little mo-
ny togivehimfelffatisfaftion.
Tbefe things having patted in this manner, Ihumbly befeech your
Honour at a fit opportunity, when the King is alone to acquaint him
with thefe particulars, and intreat his Majeftie to keep them fecrct ;
for I am of opinion (being fpoken under humble correction, and
without dffence) that had not his Majeftie by communicating this
bufincffeat the firft to UWou*fitt*r Bortckot , given him meanes to
advertize it to his wife (who by tatling divulged it, and foyled the
way) we had never been put to half this trouble, but had taken F/4-
vitu, in the form, and by him difcovered the authour. My intenti-
on is not, that his Majeftie fbould be induced to put 2000. PiftoJs
(or the fumme that (hall be allotted Laken) into his hands, before the
fcrvice be donejbut that his Majeftie would vouchfafe (if he approve
the projedj to caufe fo much mony, as in his profound wifdom, he
(hall think meet for this occafion to be forthwith remitted to me by
Mr. John More^ by the meanes of Mr. Ducket ,a Marchant dwelling in
Milk ftrcet in London, to be repayed at tsfntwerf by Mr.;W/ rr*k$
trading there, or by the companie of our Englifti Marchants at Mid-
dltboroHgk in Zc*Und in the name of reward for fervice done, or to
buy Tapeftries, or linnen for his Ma jeftiCv And I will either return it
back again by exchange,if thisdefign cannot be effected, or defaulk
the remaines thereof upon my entertainment. All that I would
venture in this cafe,(hould only be for thofe mens necetfary cxpences
that are to be imployed therein j and that alfo I would have not to
cxceedjbut to be limitted within the compafle of 200. pounds fter-
Jing.
By apprehcncHng thcfc men, the Arch-Dukes cannot take any juft
occafion
Mr. Trumb-'J 1* tfa St(tfl4rk. 155
occafion of offence againft his Majeftie or his Minifters, feeing one
of them is not their Vaflal, and both arc out of their Domini-
ons.
It may (for thefe Considerations) pleafe your Honour to advifc
with his Majeftie, whether it be fitter to proceed herein V**f*&i\ or
Vi* Jttw : to fend Laks to fcek out the Author and others to appre-
hend him, or the Priiuer, or upon promifeof a reafonable recom-
pencefor his pains, to deal with him effectually to declare their
names, and habitations, and afterwards leave it to his Majeftics gri-
cious and Princely pleafure to profecuteorlet fall his action. In
either of which kind, I will yield humble obedience to his Majeftiei
Commands, and your Honours directions, as things to my felf in-
different. But I am doubtful, that by continuing of the courfe for-
merly holden in the carriage of this bufmefle, we (hall never attain
our defired ends. I am not fo flight as to give credit to all reports,
nor fo prodigal as to part with money for nothing.
My mod humble and earneft fuit is, that his Majeftie, and your
Honour after mature deliberation upon the feveral points of this Let-
tcr, will vouchfafe to fend me by my fervent tMarfham (who is now
at London] particular, and diftinct anfwers for my better direction. I
have been the more prolixe upon this fubject, in hope that this I have
written (hall ferve once for all.
In that matter concerning the CountefTe oftsfrgile, which it plea-'
fed your Honour to recommend unto my Care, I have done as much
already as I can for the prefent. We muft of necefiitie with a little
patience expect the fuccefle, whereof your Honour (hall in due time
be punctually advertized. In the mean while, I do with all reve-
rence, defire your Honour to cxcufe the tedioufncffc of this Letter ;
And fo take my leave,
Your Honours very humble, and
Bruxels . of ready to be commanded,
March, ^.
W . Tr*mt>*8.
X 2
. Trumball to
Right
THofe that are employed in fuch place as I am, mutt admit alt
manner of men into their company. And the Oath I have taken
to his Majeftie, will not permit me to conceal any thing from his
knowledge that cometh to mine, and may in any fort have relation
to his Royal fervicc. For thefe Confiderations I affume the boldnefie
fo foon to renew your Honours trouble, after the difpatch of thofe
Volumes of Letters which I fent you yeftcrday by one of my fer-
yants.
This Bearer dela Porrefl is better known to your Honour, then to
my felf, although I remember many years ago to have fcen him in
England. During his flay in this Town, he brought unto me a cer-
tain French Gentleman, calling himfelf the Vifcount of L'orme, and
SitDelaPomnttraje} who hath (by his own relation) been a great
Navigator, and been authorized by iS.of the chief Pyrats in the
Levant, to fearch for their pardon, and retreat into fome Chriftian
Gountrey, being forry for the ill they have done, and defirous to
fpendthe reft of their daies in peace. With this Commifiion he
came into France, and there travelled fo far with the King and his
Minifters, as he obtained a general abolition for the faid Py rates, a
fafe Conduct to bring them into his Dominions, and a procuration
(which I have feen under the great Seal of France) to treat, and con-
clude with them upon certain conditions. But he being envied by
fotnt ; Grandeesofthat Kingdom, and by misfortune happening to
kill a man, he was forced (as he pretendeth) for the fafety of his life
to flie into tbefe Countries, before he could bring that work to per*
And being now disinabled to return thither again, he defireth to
make a tryal, whether his Majeftie will vouchfafe to lend his car to
that Treatie, and grant unto the faid Pyrates a general Pardon. To
which effed, hefendeth over LA Forrcfi^n^ hath intreatcd me to ac-
company him with my Letters to my Lord Admiral,your Honor,and
Mr. Secreiarie Cdvert.Yor retribution^of this grace ,the faid Pyrates
offer to give 45000 1 ftcrling to be fhared amongft you three,or to
be difpofed of as his MajcftieJhall appoint. But your Honour may
fee the Conditions propofed to the French King were more advan-
wgious. For they were to give him their Ships, Attillerie , and
Munition,
. TtuttMto the Secretary. 157
Munition, ardtofirnifti means to fee out forac men of War for his
fervice.
And I fee no reafon (in cafe his Majeftie (hould encline to fuch
capital offenders, and common enemies) why he fhould not have as
much, or more benefit then another Prince ,the greateft part of them
being his Vafials.
Your Honour if you pleafe may perufe thcfe ad/oyned Papers,and
impart the contents of them to my Lord Admiral. They agree with
their Originals j and if his Majeftie do not taftc this overture, there
is no more harm done (for any thing I can perceive) then the loflc of
my labour to perufe and fubfcribe them.
There remaineth onely two poiats, wherein I ftiouldfpeak to
your Honour, the one is, that this matter may be concealed from
the French Embaffadour Monvfitur It Count de Tittiert > for fear of
ruining de L'Orme. The other with gratifying La Forreft with the
pay of a Pacquet (if your Honour (hall think it meet) for the car-
rying of thefe Letters, who faith your Honour is his great Patron,and
hath promifed him a good turn.
Mounfuttr de L'Orme hath given him power to follicite this bo-
fineffc, and procure him an anfwcr ; wherein I joyn my^ humble
prayer, that the poor man may not here languiih in hopes , and
fpend his money to no purpofe.
When I (hall know whether his Majeftie will rellifh this over-
ture, or not, I will write thereof more largely ( if there be caufe )
otherwife let it remain as it was before. In the mean while, I
humbly take my leave 5 And reft
Your Honours
In all humbleneflc to be
commanded,
23 , of O&ob. W> Trttmfatt*
Sir
if*
-Sir Thomas Roc t6 the MArqwffe of Buckingham
Lord Admiral.
Lord,
I Can give your Lordfhip no great account of any thing that hath
occurred fince my departure. I was bold to write to Mr. Secre-
tarie Cafoert from Mlig* of the great increafe of the Pyrates in thofe
Seas, and of the danger of the Merchants ; with my own thought*,
if his Ma jeftie have any farther purpofe to attempt their deftrudion v
wbich is both honourable and neceffarie; if thcfe Trades, or the
other of Spain to the South of the North-Cape be of any confequence
to his MajefticsKingdomes : if they be fufferedto increafe,they will
brave the Armies of Kings at Sea in a few years, and attempt even
the Coafts and Shoares with peril. And becaufe they carry the name
only of Thieves, they are yet contemned, or negleded ,- but they will
become a dangerous enemie, when they (hall rob with Fleets, and
therefore would be in time confidered. The Spaniards now make
great offers to continue the Contrad, though their performance be
flow, and their own E dates chiefly intereffed, yetbefides the danger
and ruineof the Merchant itisconfiderable, that this Army incrca-
fing is at the obedience of the Grand Seignior the common Enemy,
who hath no ftrength but Gallies. I know your Lordfhip will coifed
enough out of this without further prcflure. The Armado's ofSfai 9
Naples and Sicily , have been in the Archipelago^ the Turks Forces ab-
fent in the black Sea. Yet they have done nothing of confequence,
taken a few Carmifales and flaves, and arc returned to the Port,
where DOM Pbilifat of Save} GtneraHJfimo is prefent, who is made
Viceroy of JriA,with abfolute powertodifpofeofall officcs,with-
out attendance from Spain, which is more then Vice- Re. He hath
ufed me for his Majefties honour with very great refpcd, as I have in
particular advifed Mr. Secretarie. Among many courtelies, finding
iS.EnglifhCaptivesin the Gallies, I thought it my duty to fuccour
them. His Highnefle at the firft inftance, to exprefTe his good af-
fedion to my Matter, gave them to me all free, which I think is a
good work, and not ordinary. I befeech your Lordfhip, that hif
Majcftie may be pleafed to take knowledge of it into Spain for the
Princes honour, that he may in the like occafion, riot think himfelf
negleded.
The advice from Conftantiwple is fecondcd of the overthrow of the
Turk- God grant it be true, and yet the pride of the Grand Seignior
L. R. H. tt fa ^uke of Buckingham. 1 5?
is not afiwaged, but he threatens a new attempt in the fpring. I
hope I have hitherto done his Majeftie no diftionour, nor can I
boaft of fcr /ices ; but being under your Lordftiips protection , I
will hope for a good interpretation, befecching you to prefent my
name to his Majefhc, that I be not forgotten in thefe great diftances,
wherein iny humble fortune hath kept me, and as I have obferved
your Lordfhip to be the tsfmparo of thofe that pretend to virtue and
honour, and not to defert them till they have forfakcn themfelvcs :
So I befeech you take me upon thofe conditions which cannot fhamc
you, and leave me, when I am other, then
Your Lordfliips faithful, and
Ifj. De- honeft fervant,
cemb. 1621.
The. Roe.
L. R. H. to the Duke of Buckingham.
My dtttr Lord^
T Havefince my departure from you ufed aH diligence in the Princes
JL fervice, and punctually obferved all his Commands. Onely with
the King I have dealt fo freely in my relation of the Prince his
carriage, and your extraordinary care of working his content in all
points, that I did move him to (bed tears in expreffing his happinefTe
forfuchafon, and likewife his good fortune in having a Favourite,
who is framed according to his own heart in all points. Neither
have I preffed any thing to injure any farther then my dutie bound
me, and my faithful love to your fervice, which (ball alwaics have a
prime place in my heart.
My Lord, there are contrary opinions in Court and City, by the
one you are much admired for your noble exprcffions of true honor,
and love to your King, Prince, and Country, with many obfervations
of your fpecial care and zeal to Religion, and your immovable refo-
lution to Coateft with all oppofuions to the contrary. By the other
you are maligned, and they give it out, That you have with your
wilfulnefTe oc cafioncd thefe delaycs, by diverting and changing their
waies wherein they had begun to treat: but the falfcneffe hereof
hath been (hewcn, and it appears malice without ground, the which,
(though heretofore I have told you,) not out of any other end then.
to.
L. R. HL to the Duke t,' Bucki nghamu
to do you fervice, yet have you fo ftightly regarded me for it, and fo
much refpefted thofe ill-defcrving Great ones, (asSf you had inten-
ded to receive your enemies into your bofome, and tocLft off your
faithfulleft friends;) yet (hall not any ufagc difcourage'me from dif-
chargingtheofficeofamoft loving and zealous affefted friend, and
fervant, yea infomuch, that I will rather difplcafe you, in doing you
that faith fulfervice, that both my honour and love obligeth me to,
then be filent, and they let you run into apparent danger.
My Lord,amongft the proteftants your are divulged (as much as
ill difpofed ones dare) a Papift. Among the Papifts, it is avowed
you are the greateft enemy they have. For which reports, I am noc
troubled, for they have made you the much more pittycd, and as
highly eftecmd, and honoured amongft themoft juditious, and bed
deferving fubjefts , as any thing could do. And I dare affure you,
that fince your being at Madrid you are much better beloved of all
people (who have not ends^ then you were before. Noble Lord,I
find the King both refolute, and couragious, but wife, and fecret, to
my own hearts joy, and not to be won upon bythcfubtil and falfe
policie of any,I made it my humble fuit upon my knees, that he would
confcnt to no propoficion of this Spanilh Embaflfadour concerning,
peace or war, till the Princes return. Which fuitc he tooke well at
my hands, arid granted. I have told him freely what I obferved in
Spain v both of their manners, ufage, and honcftic, and left it to his
wifedomto make what ufe he pleafed. His Majeftie longs to fee the
Prince, and you, and fo do all the fubjedts, and will not be fatisfyed
with any thing, but your fpeedy return. Except you have jeloufies
put into the Spaniards heads, and prevent the danger, which will be
by hading the marriage with all pofiible fpeed ; for there are fome
whofc buttons break with venom, that you have got fo much ho-
nour, and fojwell deferved of the King and Prince. But you believe
me not, but think I fpeak of Spleen, when God knowcs I never bore
any to any man, but for your fake. Your moft vertuous lady mourns
for your abfence, and will not be comforted. Your fair Daughter
defervcs your ftaying withall, and your faithful friends and the good
of the Kingdom want you moft of all
And for your greater comfort, the King is fo rcferved in the Prin-
ces affaires, as that he neither imparts the bufinefles of Spain, nor
his intents therein to any of hit privie Councel. Since your pat-
tent, the Earl Marfhal is become a great ftranger at the Court. But'
all men find you fo fad revitcd into the Kings,heart that they fee it is
an impofiibility to work you any way difpleafurc in your abfence,
and
L. R.H./0flkD^#/Buckingham. 161
and therefore forbea*- to exprefle , what willingly they wonld ef-
fcd,but find it in vain to go about it.But let not tbeKings love to you
'br their fmall ability to do you harm, make you too carelefle, or too
credulous of thofe your enemies, laft it give to ogreat incouragement
to them, and too great difhartning to yourfaithful friends,! am forric
at my being with you at Mtdrid that you durft not impart thofc fe-
cret, wherein lam furc myfaithfulneffe,and love unto you, would
have done you all fervice fas the thing! moftdefire) but Ifeethe
2ealc of my heart to you, is not rightly coniidered, yet am I confi-
dent that time will make me belt known, and better efteemed by
you as one whofe true heart, is alwayes watchful of taking all op-
portunities to do you fervice . My Lord, you (hall find me not only
a word-friend, but an active, who never am better pleafed, then
when I find mod opposition. And for conclufion, I am fo far from
(hunning dangers to do you fervice, as that I would willingly wade
in blood at any time to manifeft my felf yours. And therefore)! ihould
receive great content, if you knew, how truly I were yours, becaufe
then I am furc in the Noblcneffe of your nature, it would be impof-
fible for any to be able to do me wrong in your Honourable,
thoughts. My dear Lord, pray fufferno longer del ayes in Spain,
but either difpatch, what you went for quickly, orelfe return fpec-
dily ; for afiure your felf, their defire to have you continue there, is
for no love to you f but to further thereby their own defigns elfe-
where.NayI dare juftifie it out of my own weak judgment, that the
longer you (lay, the farther off you (hall be from obtaining, what
you defire. And if you refolutcly purpofe your return with fpeed,
you will force them out of their dull pace, and put them upon the
rock, from which they cannot efcape, except they fulfil your defire?.
Befides, your prefence is moft neceflary here for home- affairs, for
yourabfence hathcaufed too great infolencie in the Court, by fuch
as bear themfclves very loftily, and infult very much over yours,efpe-
cially your poore fervant Mentis is much threatned as being yours,
and mud fuffer till you come back. Some other things likewife arc
otherwife carried in yourabfcnce, then would be in your prcfcnce,
therefore for Gods fake return, but with the Prince, and count de-
lay es,denyals. And the longer you (lay there, the (Ironger you
make them and your felves the weaker. My Lord of r*/0/bath a
great,and more powerful party in. Court ,then you imagine, in fo
much, that I am confident were the King a newter, he would pre-
vail, and I do not much marvail at it, for you truft upon the honour,
andjuftificationofajlyour aftions,dcfm>us to make np friends ,be- :
Y caufe
L.R. H u ths Vt*kc of Buckingham
caufeyou need none, but i\c deales .van a great deal of cautelous
wifcdom, and as he hath wroughr into the Kings opnifon, by reaibn
of fome pleafing ferviccs,fo hath lie into ail thofe, whlj are about
the King, or powerful, that they may better his good fervices, and
fcnother his bad. Belides the man who is fufpitious (as he muft needs
be)hathfar greater care of aftcr-reckoning5,how to make fair glofles
then he who doth all things with the avowment of all honour, and
the only intent of fervicetohi$King v and Country .It grieves me
I am not 'thought worthic to hear from you any word by thefe laft
mefTengers,efpeciaIly being promifed theimployment, from which
I was put. Farewell (dear Lord) and theAlmightes protection be
upon our unmatchablc Prince, upon whofe worth, and brave at-
chievemcnts all eyes are fixed, and the fame protection light upon
you his right hand, and give you the good fortune, to make as brave
a return, as you did voyage thither , to the eternal praifc of your
future memories, And upon thefe hopes, I reft happic to think my
fclf
Yours
H. R.
Sir George Caric to the Marqtteffe $f Buckingham.
8.December,i6ip.
Your Lordftiip
fccrned to have the mark of the beaftupon them, have undergone
their cenfure. Some I rauft confefle,and great fifties too, have bro-
ken out of the nett. Buc that efcape mud be objefted to the er-
ronrs of fome of the purfuers, whofe courfes in fome things were not
enough direA to warrant, whatotherwife might have been done.
And your Lordfhip who is a good Woodman well knowes, unleflc
the Wind-lace be well carried, the Bowes which (land up can never
{hoot.
NotwithftandingAll the defaults of the meaner Agents, the Court
maintaining the honour of their own uprightnefle, and integritie
hitb with moderation too, /yet fuch as leaves fubjcd: to his Majc-i
fties
To King J'ities, abignoto.
fties mercy to work upon fome particulars,) raifed in Fine fome
130000!. or t'utfreabouts. If no erroars had been committed,
(whereupor. thofe Defendants, which efcaped, took advantage to be
fafe) by this which is done, you may imagine what it would have
amounted to. For my part, I rejoyce to conceive, how with the
(horteftof, the daies, we are at the worft of our eftate, hoping by
this means with the return of the Sun, to fee fome fuch return of the
money, (the riches of his Majefties Treafurie, and bloud of the
Common- Wealth) as that the Exchequer may flow, and the Veins
of the State may fill again, and both with the Spring renew their
ftrength, luftre, and complexion. I have now ftayed nere fo long
attending this bufmeffe, that I hold it too late to wait upon you
at Newmarket, That gives me caufe to crave your pardon for this
prefuming imperfeft Accompt of this daies adion , and withal to
defire the aflurancc, that I live in your eftimation, the fame, I will
ever be
Your Lordftiips
. twa&**l ^dj'Jo slcori
Moft fincerely honeft and
humble fervant,
C. Cari.
; r~
2> King James, abignoto.
Toftr Mtjeftie,
TDOth in the eminencie of your regal dignitie,and intheexceHcncie
Dof your judgment, doth truly reprefent the common fenfe, whofc
part it is to judge and difccrn of all things ; whereas the other fenfcs
do but report their particular objedts. And in that manner do I
humbly offer to your Majefties Coniideration in this importune
Chrifis of the affairs of Chriftendom, fo much as I have obferved in
Trance, that may now concern your fervice,in which pUce I have bccA
heretofore implbyed in your affaires.
And firft confidcring theprefent eftate of things in France, and
weighing againft it, the fcizure made of the Pttiofae by the King of
Spain, the late iovafionof the PaUtinate^ and now this new defeat
arrived in Bohemia, I do put this for an infallible ground, that either
th^xingof FMwttwillrefolvcoutof jcaloufie of the progrcffions
Y 2 of
i 4 7> Ktog JamcSj. ab ignoto.
of the houfe of ^*/?r^cffcAually"tofuccourthc P/tlatwate, or elfe
abandoning the affairs of Germany to their own*Iuct*3e, and negled-
ing the incrcafeof the houfe of Auftriaon that fide, le will think
more then to recompence himfcif, by taking this opportunity to ex-
tinguifh the body of thofc of the Religion in Frtnce. And as un-
doubtedly he will refolve on one of thofe two points, fo on both of
them for fundry reafons he cannot. To move him to the fuccour of
the Pa/*ti*ate, the main motive will be, the jealoufic between thofe
two Monarchies, which can never die, folong as they do both fub-
iift in no greater a difproportion of ftrength and power ; As alfo
that Fr*4te (hall by their ufurpation of the PtUtinate, be on all fides
Circled by the houfe of Auftria^ and particularly on that part where
J/vwtfthath before ufurped on the Empire ; in which regard his in-
tereft of eftateis greater then your Ma jefties in the Conservation of
the Pdatinate, though your perfonal intereft be incomparable with
his. Then he cannot but think of the lofle of his Correfpondencies,
and breach of his Confederacies in GertAj t which have been very
ancient, and very particular with the houfe of the Palatine. And if
thereafonof mutual gratitude, and vindication of injuries, may
move Frenchmen, there arc plentiful arguments on both kinds to
move them to defend the Houfe of the Palatine , againft that of An-
pria. Butnowon the other fide to move him againft thofe of the
Religion at home, firft.doth prcfentitfclf,his fuccefleful beginning
againft them in the bufinefle of Be*rn y then which nothing could be
more unjuft, both in regard of the matter it felf , and of his own
faith, and promife, and of the defert of thofe of the Religion to-
wardshim, in thefe late troubles, nor could any thing be more fud-
denly, or violently (I do riot fay cruelly) executed, then that was.
And again the prefent tearms, wherein that King, and thofe of the
Religion do ftand, will pufti him on. Then there will not want to
tmspurpofe, the powerful perfwafions of the Pope, and his adhe-
rents, both by propounding overtures to lay afleep the jealoufies of
the houfe of Aufria, and offering huge fummes towards the charge
of the War, which if he.lhould attempt, and prevail therein,it would
prove of far greater prejudice for many reafons that may be given in
the intereft of Eftate, to your Majeftie^tfiough not in the intereft of
your affection, then the loffe of the Palatinate.
\yhat may in Fr<ince\>s refolvcd upon thefc motives, .is uncer-
tain.
But I dp conceive hereupon, that it may be ufeful for your Maj'e-
flties fervice cffedualry to propound in France, a Confcderacie fo?
thc
Sir Walter /.fton to the D*ke.
the Confervation cf the Palatinate, to which if they do hearken,
your Majeftie (nail proceed in that defign with greater ftrength and
reputation, and occafion the King of Spain to proceed with greater
remifleneffe,or elfe abfolutely to relinquifti the Palatinate by a Trea-
ty. But if in France it be not hearkened to, your Majeftie may take
it for an allured argument, that they mean to proceed againft thofe
of the Religion, in which cafe your Majeftie may make ufe of th
fame Erabaffage to revive again fome of their fadions in the Court,
whereby thofe of the Religion may be ftrengthened in their defence,
and it will not be hard to effed, if it be well proceeded in. And here-
in doth properly offer it felf the perfon of the Duke of Bovitton, who
for his great experience and wit, and intelligence in that Court, is
beft able to guide and further your Ma jetties intentions j and for his
intereft in the perfon of the Ptlatine, and in the converfation of
thofe of the Rcligion,doth prccifely fquarc with your Ma jeftics cndf^
whofe ad vice you may fir ft fuddenly and fccretly enquire.
Sir Walter Afton t. the Duke, 10. December,
1624,
it ftetfejour Grace ,
*TpHe Arch-Duke f DonCarloi 9 brother to the Emperour, made his
A entric into this Town on the 1 5 th . of the laft moncth, Stil. Vet. .
He was met by the Almirante of Cafli/etwo daies journey from this
place, who went from hence well accompanied, and attended by
many Liveries richly fet forth. Some 400. paces without a Gate of
this Town called Aka/a, the Arch-Qukc was received by the two In*
fants Don Car/os and the Cardinal, and about 200 paces without the
faid Gate by the King himfelf, who came attended with the greateft
part of,thi$ Court, and in his Coach accompanied with the Duke of
Nebergh, and the Conde of Ol'w*re** : The King lighted out of his
Coach to receive the Arch-Duke, and fome complements being pad
between them, returned into his Coach, and fet the Arch- Duke by
him on his left hand; in the other end of the Coach fct the two In-
fants; in one boot the Duke of Affrltrg^and the Coidt ofOtivare*,}
and in the other the Em^crours Embafladour, and the Almirante;
the Almirante taking place of the Embafladour. Being come to th
Palace, ,
sir Walter Afton to the Duke.
Paiace,the King accompanied the Arch-Duke tojheQueens Quarter,
where his Ma jeftie left him to be conveyed from tFTeTlce to his own
Quarter (which is the fame was given to the Prince his Highneflc at
his being in this Courtjby the Infants his Brothers, as he was,having
finifhed his complements with the Queen, and the Infanta Dona Ma-
rut. There were preparations here making for the honouring his
reception with feveral feafts, and entertainments after their manner
here. But thefe have been flopped by the Arch-Dukes fickncfle,
who felt himfelf indifpofed the day after his arrival, and applying
fotnePhyfical remedies by the adviceofaPhyfitian which he brought
along with him, hisdiftcmper increafed, and as it is pretended by
thefe Phy fitians by a wrong courfe held with him. What hath been
the true caufe of his infirmity, I leavetobe difputed by them- He
hath been held divers dayes with a terrible Calenture, which proved
at laft a Tabtrdiffo, whereupon there was little hope conceived of his
life ; but he.hath fincc received fomc cafe, and is now in a good way
of amendment. In refped of the Empcrours unworthy proceedings
with the King our Mafter, I have not dared to vific him, untill I fliall
have notice of his Ma jcfties pleafure therein, which I fliall be glad
to underftand from your Grace.
Sincethe expiring of the Truce betwixt this Crown and the Hol~
UnAers t this King hath given Licenfeto divers Port Towns on the
Coafts of *Bifcaj to arm out what (hips they (hall think good, and to
make prize to their own particular benefit of what they (hall light
upon belonging to the enemies of this Crown : by which meanes it
is here hoped, That thefe Coafts will be much the better fecured
from the daily pillages of the Holland men of War, and the Turkifh
Pyrates. For the advancing whereof upon requeft made of thofe
of Sevil, there is Licenfe given unto them to arm what men of War
they can find means, The Duke of <JM*qHedA likewife with leave
hath lately fet forth fix (hips which are abroad in Pyracie.
There is advice given hither, thattheDukeof Brandenhergh hath
given his confent to the conferring of the Electoral dignitie upon the
Duke of Swart*, which I can hardly believe, though I find it aflured
from very good hands.
The Duke of Nevbergh remains frill in this Court, and prefles to
carry a cleer refolution in his bufmcfles from hence ; but for any thing
I can yet learn his negotiation remains in the fame eftatc as I advcr-
tifed in my laft to Mr. Secretarie CO\\AJ.
The Armada prepared in Portugal for the recovering of Sraftl is
gon to Sea, and whereas, they were to ha-ve flayed at the C*/w St.
Sir Wattcr / fton to the Dke.
Vincent for the Armado of Caftiie, upon advice, that is given hither*
that the Hollar. -.',ri in 'Brtfil are not able to make any refiftanceo*
confideration,they have order to proceed in theirjourney. Twenty
(hips of war, and 4000. land Souldiers /'which is the force ofthac
Fleet) being here held fufficient for that enterprize. The Armado
in Cadiz is not yet departed, but hath her men aboard, and there is
daily expectation of ncwcs that it is gone 10 Sea. The Duke of
Saxonic having received letters from the King our Matter, and the
Kingof<Z?wi,fent prefently coppies of them unto thcEmpe-
rour, with his anfwers unto their Majeftics, and accompanied them
with a letter of his own unto the Emperour. All which the Emperour
fent unto the King. The carriage of the Duke is much efteemed
hej^for having given (as I am informed) by his Letters unto the
KTOg our Matter, and the King of Denmark fuch an anfwer as they
are here much fatisfied withal. Nothwithftanding in this Letter to
the Emperour with many reafons, and much inftance,he advifes him
to apply himfelf to thcfeding of the peace in c/trjiMMjr, and ex-
prefling much affeftion to the [compofing of the affaires of the
Prince Palatine doth carneftly intreat his Ma jeftie not to deftroy that
anctenthoufe. In the mean time the Duke of Bavaria ufes all dili-
gence to combine himfelf with this Crown, and how doth offer to
caft off all other thoughts of leagues, and to depend wholly upon
Spain, fo that this King will proted him in his Electoral dignity, and
what he hath lately pofieffcd himfelf of in thofc parts. This offer of
the Dukes hath been feveral dayes debated inCouncel,wherethe
Marquefle Ynoiofa hath been bufie in the behalf of the Duke: but
the wifer part of this Councel feeing how prejudicial, the increafeof
the Dukes greatneflej may prove to theEmpirCjdonoway favour hi*
pretentions. They likewife jhold fit to continue the ftate of things in
apofiibilityof an accommodation without our Matter.
The Arch- Duke Don Carlos hath brought power from the Empe-
rour to proceed to theconfummation of a marriage betwixt the Em-
perours fon and the Infanta 'Donna Mtria, wherein he faycs, he hath ,
nothing to Capitulate,but brings them a blanck papcr,and hath pow-
er, and order to confirm what conditions they (hall herefet down.
The Emperour's Embafladour doth much preffe to proceed to the
Capitulations, but there is yet nothing done. The Infanta ofJBruf-
/<?/,; hath lately written hither, importing this King to admit of a
treaty of marriage betwixt the Prince ofPo/onia, and the Infanta his
fitter, extolling with (manycxprefiioos the worth, and parts of that
Prince.
Sir Walter AftorU* \hi Duke.
There hath been fome moneths a general flop of their proceed-
ings here in all fuites of Englifti Merchants depemrm^ in this Court;
but I have at laft procured a Junto to be affigned for the hear-
ing of all Englifli Caufes , wherein I am promifed there (hall
be a fpeedy Refolution taken of whatfoever is at prefent in Que-
ftion.
The Duke ofFeria hath lately advertifed hither from Millti*^ that
the French King, and the Duke of Swoj do miniftcr much occafion
of jealoufie, that they intend to attempt fomc novelty in thofc parts,
and doth therefore deiire, that his Troops may be augmented
whereupon (above the ordinary charge) there was inftantly remit-
ted unto him 2000. Duckets.
The great annual Afllento which this King makes with theG
is newly concluded, it is for 7. millions, whereof 4. are remitt
Plunders, to be paid by monethly portions.
In a late meeting of the Councel of State upon a difcourfe that
paffed amongft them, taking into confederation this Kings wants,
and the prefent diftemper of his affairs, the Inquifidpr General ex-
prclfing how neceflary a time it was for his Majefties Subjects to
affift his prefent occafioni, made offer of 100 Duckets for his part,
which the Conde of Ollvaret followed with a tender of 300 ; the
C<W*of tJMotiterrcy of ioo; all the reft of the Councel of State
following their example gave according to their quality. Notice
being taken of this abroad, the Condeftable wrote a Letter unto
this King, wherein he made tender of 200 Duckets, the Marquefle
ofCtftel Rodrigo of i oo, the Marquefle of Carpio of the like famine.
Divers others have likewife declared themfelves in this donative,
and it is hoped chat it will go over the whole Kingdorne , and bring
in an extraordinary Treafure into the Kings purfe. Thus with the
remembrance of my duty, I reft
Your Graces, c.
W.A.
tsfrch&ifap
* 1^
Abbots w &tf>?M7> Nancon,
12. Scptcmb.
good <JWr. Sfcrettrie,
I Have never more defircd to be prefent at any Confultation, then
that which is this day to be handled, for my heart,and all my heart
goeth with it. But my Foot is worfe then it was on Friday,fo that
by advice of my Phyfuian,! have fweat this whole night paft,and am
directed to keep my bed this day.
But for the matter, my humble advice is, That there is no going
back, but a countenancing of it againft all the world; yea fofar as
with ringing of Bell$,and making of Bon- fires in London ,fo foon as it
{hall be certainly underftood that the Coronation is patt. I am fatis-
fied in my Confcience,that the Caufe is juft, wherefore they have re-
jected that proud and bloody man,and fo much the rather,becaufc he
hath taken a courfe to make that Kingdom not eledive^but to take ic
from the donation of another man. And when God hath fct up the
Prince that is chofen to be a mark of honor through all Chrifttfndom
to propagate his Gofpel,and to proteft the opprefled,: I dare not foe
my part give advice but to follow where God leads.
It is a great honour to the King our Matter, that he hath fuch a
Son, whofe virtues have made him thought fit to be made a King.
And me thinks I do in this, and that of Hungary forefee the work of
God, that by piece and piece the Kings of the earth, that gave their
power unto the beaft, (all the Word of God mutt be fulfilled) (hall
now tear the Whore and make her defolate, as St. John in his Revela-
tion hath foretold. I pray you therefore with all the fpirits you
have to put life into this bufinefle, and let a return be made into </*-,
many with fpecd, and with comfort, and let it really be profecuted,
that it may appear to the World that we are awake when God in this
fortcalleth us.
If I had time to expreflc it, I could be very angry at the (huffling
which was ufed toward my Lord of Dencafttr^ and the flighting of
hisEmbaflage fo, which cannot but touch upon our Great Matter
who did fend him, and therefore I would never have a Noble Sonne
forfaken,forrefped of them who truly aym at nothing but their
own purpofes.
Ourftrikingin will comfort the BohemUf t will honour the Palf-
grav* 9 will ftrengthen the Union, will bring on the States of the
Low Countries, will ftirrcupthe King of Denmark* and will move
Z his
The i^Brook tojhe Duke.
his two uncles the Prince of Or.^andtke Duke of #aw//w, to-
toeether vrithTremovitte (a rich Prince in Frai^rUccaft in their
(hares. And Hurgarie as I hope (being in that lame caufe) will
run the fame fortune; for the meanes to fupport the war, I hope Tro-
u'Mii Dent* The Parliament is the old, and honourable way, but
hew allured at this time I know cot, yet I will hope the beft; cer-
tainly if countenance be given to the aftion, many brave fptrits will
voluntarily go. Our great Matter in fufficient want of mony, gave
.fome ayde to the Duke Savoy^nQ furnifhed out a prettie army in the
'caufe of C/m, We muft trie once (again what can be done in.this :
bufioefle of a higher nature,and all the mony that may be fpared is to
be turned that way.And perhaps God provided the Jewels that were
Uyd up in the Tower to be gathered by the Mother for the preferva-
tion of her Daughter wholike anoblePrinceffe hath profeffcdto
her Husband not to leave her felf one Jewel rather then not to main-
tain fo religious, and righteous a caufe. You fee that lying on my
bed I have gone too far,but if I were with you this fhould be my lan-
guage, which 1 1 pray you humbly and heartily to reprefent to the
King myMafter, telling him, that whenlcanftand,! hope to do his
Majcftic fomc fervice herein. So commending me unto you,I remaia
Your very loving friend,
Ceo. Cant.
The Lord Brook to the Dttkt, H. November,
1623.
it f leaf e jour (jrAec^
OUtof Spain we hear, the world comes fo faft after you( fince
your departure,) asweaffure ur felves this great work is at a
good end, with contentment to our bleffed Prince", and like a Prince-
ly treaty, with addition of honour to the Monarchic, he intends to
match with.
But Sir, we hear of a new treaty fprung up between thePtlfegraver
Eldeft fon and the Emperours y oungeft Daughter. A Labry nth in-
to which v what hope foevcr leadesus, I fear no one thread will be
able to guide us well out. Becaufe in the paffages between thefe
&r difhnt Princes education of children fcemes like to be demand-
ed
Tfo Zv/Brk>k 10 tfa Itak.
ed, Balancing of Councels to the jeloufie of friends, Queftlon
whether the P*if&te (hall be delivered in the Nonage before mar-
riage, or after. Then whether fcqueftred into aCatholiquc,orPro-
teftants hands. If into a Catholique, a probable argument that both
it, and the fo/tolixcare equally refcrvtd free to fall with aflbciatcd
forces upon our ancient Bulwark the Netker-Ltadsit pleafure.Laftly
whether the Myter,and thefe Scepters thus united, with their advan-
tage in number of [Words, and Deskes abroad, their new fpringing
partic at home, ftrcngthes byfeaand land, Conftant ambition of
adding Crown, to Crown, and perfect Auditt of their neighbours
powers, and humors (even while the fccond Heire male of this
Kingdom (hall live in the hands of enemies ? and ftrangers) I fay whe-
ther thefe will not prove fearful in equalities, cafual to the lives of
our King and Prince,dangcrous to the Crown by changing fucceflive
rights into tenures of Courtefie, and charging of the peoples con-
fciences with vifions of confulion or bondage.
Again (Sir) admit this new project (hould vanifli into fmoak as
undigefted vapours ufe to do, yet give me leave to queftion, whe-
ther to your Grace you have ovcrtlie protcftcd againft the intricate
Courfes of the Spaniard, even the fpedous iflue of the Palatinates
delivery before confummation of marraiage, but not like to prove
Mother of many Colourable and unavoydable delayes. Becaufe,
fuppofethe propofition fliouldbe granted, yet who fees not that the
effecting of it will prove an act of fo many parts. Viz :the Pope,
Emperour,King of Spain, Duke ofofBavtria &c.and of fo great con-
fequcnce joyndie, and feverally to them all, and mud of neceflity re-
quire divers aflemblies, commiffions, perchance Dietts&c. And
then what time the execution of the Minutes under thefe Heads will
demand, he that knowcs the divers natures of Nations in treating
may eafily conceive.
To begin with the lead; what mony or other conditions can be
offered like to fatisfie the honour, humour, and huge expence of
the BavArian, for quitting hisConqueftto fo unrecortcileable a nci-
ghbounandifthcrebe poifibility, yetoutofwhofeeftateortreafury
arc thefe conditions, oriarge proportions of Dowrie probably to be
expected / touching the Emperonr ; 1$ there any forraign alliance
able to perfwade this Prince, who having by an untimely war,
changed all tenures of Election into fucceflion, and thereby (haken
the antient freedom of our Germ**j Princes, whatlfaycan in like-
lihood winn him to reftorc thefe dead forces of his Enemies, te the
Z z prejudice
tit iwd Brook r * fa
prejudice of all he injoyes, or afpires. Befides what (haJl^movethis
Empcrour to take away the Bann from the Pal/egr**** perfon, who
hath fo defparately hazarded not only his own private Kingdomes,
and Provinces, but by his undertaking, waved the main ambition of
of the duflrian familic. For thc-Spani{h King if he be preft, his
anfwcr will be ready and fair, that he hath no right in him (but me-
diation) as appearcs by the divifions already made. Notwithftand-
ing how little right foever pretends, yet his Councel.his inftruments,
his charge, bydiverfion, Overt djde, infenfible fuccours (the world
fees) have been ufed in all thefe wars j foas this together with his
right by ftronghand gotten (and kept by arts of depoficingj upon
the Voltaline may lead us to difcern clearly, that he finds the paflage
of his forces through them, equal, and fo refolves both, to over-run
the Low countries when he pleafe. Againft which little State
( whether out of revenge , or ambition of greater conquefts by
them, he will conftantly carry a warchfull rand Griping enemies
hand.
Concerning the Pope, who knowes not that his univerfal affected
fupremacie(howfoever diflembledj yet hath,doth and ever will urge
his Holineffe to ftir up colourable Warres of Religion. Since
Warres , Contentions , and tumults among Princes have been
his old way of adding more wealth, and power to his fandified
Sea. How I fay this new faftiion'd Monarch, (hallbe won to fuf-
fcr Heidelberg ( the moft dangereus neft of Heretiques after Ge-
neva) to return to her former ftrength is a poynt beyond my Ca-
pacity.
By thcfe ftiort, haftie and imperfed images your Grace may yet
judg, that except thereftitution ofthe'Pdatinate be inftantly pref-
fed(and like a work of Faeries either furni(hed,or broken ofFat once)
we may eafily be over-(hot in our own bowes,by having the ftrengths
and free Councels of Egland$cotland> and Ireland during this treaty
kept under a kind of Covert-baron, and fo long made a forge for
other Princes ends,as my BlcfTed Soveraigns truft may perchance find
it.fclf compelled to play an After-Garoe, amongfl; difcouragcd
friends, and combination of powerful enemies, fuch as under cha-
racters of AUjance will think they have won one great Step
towards their inveterate Ambition of 3 Wefterne Monarchic.
Noble Duke, If you find me lifted above my earth, in handling a
fubjeft to which I am utterly a ftranger, yet bear with a Monks hu-
aour* in a man that is prifoncr to old age. Hide my follie from the
eyes
Hanton. 173
eyes of Critiques. And pardon my freedom that hath wearied you,
with a mind ever co remain
Your Graces loving Grandchild
and humble fervant,
Tho. 'Brook.
Dr. Balcanqucl tt Semtarit Nanton,
26. of March.
Right Honourable,
THereafonwhy I have not of late written to your Honour, is the
difcontinuance of our Seflions of the Synod this great while ;
but fincc my laft unto your Honour, we have thus fpent our time.
The publique reading of all the Collegial judgments upon the 5.
Articles was made an end of. In which (God be tbarfked for it)
there was* greater harmonic and confent then could almoft be hoped
for, in fuch variety of learned men, who did not know one of ano-
thers judgment. The onely difference was in the fecond Article.'
After that the Prcfident, (never asking advice from the Synod) took
upon him to conceive, and dictate the Canons himfelf to us ; but we
who were fent by his Ma jeftie, conceiving that courfe to be altoge-
ther againft the dignity of the Synod, confulced with fome of the
Delegates, who approved our Counfel, and thought it fit, that there
(hould be fome deputed by the Synod, and joyned to the Prefidenc
for conceiving of the Canons, that fo whatfoever was done, mighc
be done by publique authority. This motion did trouble the Prefi-
dent not a little, who hath all the Provincials at his beck, and fome
of the forraign Divines too, butefpeciallythe 7 > */<*//w > . Yet there
was a publique Synode called for this purpofe, where the Prcfident
of the Delegates did makeafpcecb, defiringthc Synode to depute
fome who joyned with the Prefident and the Afleffours, might take
pains for moulding of the Canons. In the delivering of the voi-
ces moftteftified their diflikeof this courfe, and their fingularre-
fpeft to the Prefidents Credit j but Scultettu did by many reafons
approve the courfe which the Prcfident had begun, and difprovcthis
new.-
v
1 74 Dr. Balcanqucl H Set.ittrfc
new courfe, which was fuggefted, yet he taxed no man pcrfonally.
But SibrandM (when he came to deliver his voiCTr-mie -a mad-man
did inveigh againft thofe, who were the fuggefters of this change,
and faid, That Grangers (hould not take upon them to prefcribe whac
was good for the eftate of their Church, and that fome others who
had joyned in that, were worthy to be noted Cenfura Ecc/efiaftica:
therein he aymed at the South Hattand, who did likewife much diflike
the Prefident his Courfe. Sibrtndtu fpake fo furioufly, that both
the Prafes Politico, and the Prafes Ecclefiaftictu, defired him either
to hold his peace,or elfc fpeak that which might not difturb the peace
of the Sy node. Yetfinceitwasthe Delegates pleafure, the whole
Synode added to the Prefident, and the Afifeflburs three forraign
Divines, vi*.. my Lord of L*nd*f, ScuItetM, and Deodatu* 3 . Pro-
vincials, viz, Poliander t Valla**, and TrigUndiw ; who (hould mould
and conceive the Canons upon every Article, and then fend a Copie
of what they have done to every Colledge, that they may adde
power v and change what they will, the Colledgcs obfervations being
confidered by them, and the Canons according to them amended,
they are to be returned to the Colledges,and the Colledges to return
them again, and fo to keep the courfe ever till there be no excepti-
ons againft them. When they are thus agreed upon by ll feveral
Colledges, they (hall publiquely be concluded, and approved by the
Synode.
We are now hard at polilhing the Canons, which thefe Deputies
fend us. All our trouble is in the fecond Article : The moftparcof
the Synode would cry us down with voices for the reftndion of the
general proportions in Scripture, and the Confeffions of the Re-
formed Churches concerning Chrifts death, ad Solos Elettos. We
Hand for leaving them uncxpounded, and unreftrided as we found
them, and re Joyce exceedingly, that the Directions which my Lord
EmbafTadour fent us from his Majeftie concerning this point,agreeth
fo fully with our judgment fubfcribed with our hands, given in to the
Synode, upon the fecond Article. By this. doing we firft leave a
found and fufficient ground for preaching of the Gofpel to all men.
Next we fhun a great deal of offence, which otherwife we muft needs
have given to the Lutheran Churches. Thirdly, we retain the fame
phrafes, and forms of fpeaking, which thofe Fathers did, who wreftled
with the Pelagians in the fame point. If this Article be well looked
into,I hope there (ball moderation enough be ob'ferved in all the re(h
If it were not for the moderation of the forraign Divines, we (hould
have
Dr. Balcanqucl to Secret trie Nanton. 1 75
havefuch Canons as I think have not been heard of: for there Is
neveraProvihcta' M : lifterhere, who hath delivered any rigid Pro-
poficion, and hath been taxed by the Rcmonftrants for it, but he
would have that Propofition thruft into one Canon or another, that
fo he may have fomediing to (hew for that which he hath faid. As
foon as the Canons are agreed upon, I (hall by Gods grace with all
expedition fend them unto your Honour. Our next work will be
Vorftiiu^ who fe book they would cenfure, without citation of him-
felf. The Prefidcnt wrote to our Collcdge in the Delegates name to
know, whether we thought it fit to have him perfonally cited; but
efpecially to know what we thought would be moft agreeing to hi*
Majeftics mind.
To the latter, concerning his Majefties mind, we anfwcred , That
we thought my Lord Embafiadour could give them the bed re-
folution for that point.
For the former, we thought it would be evil taken, If any man
Ihould be condemned, not being firft heard; But becaufe they, that
Vorflitts would keep them as long as the Rcmonftrants had done;
We told them, That we defircd they would not fuffer him to make
any defences, or explications of his blafphemous proportions, buc
limply to anfwer/w*M velnon^ whether he would plainly abjure
them, or not; Andfo accordingly proceed againft him> andfo we
(hould make no great lofle of time j fo I think he (hall be perfonally
cited.
This is all, for we have had no Synodical meetings thefe 12. dales.
I can fee no end of the Synode before whitfoMtide. With my bcft
prayers for your Honours, and the remembrance of all my faithful
jcfpc&s. I take my leave 3 And am
Your Honours
In all true obfcrvance and
fervice,
1 7 6
Sir William Beeeher to bis
4 th . of February. - /
CMoft Grtciotts Sovereign,
B Elides the relation of the apparance of change in the affairs of
the Court, wherewith my Difpatch to Mr. Secretarie Lake will
acquaint yourMajeftie: I thought it my duty to give yoirparticu-
lar account, that being yefterday with the Prince of Jain vide, after
fome earneft proteftations made to me of his defire to do your Ma-
jeftie fervice/alling into difcourfe of thofe occurrences, he grew into
thefe terms. That the complaints of the Qu_een Mather were foun-
ded upon good reafon ; that if (he had offended the King, or the
State,why did they not make her procefle ? if (he had not offended,
whyfliould (he not fee the King, and her children ? that when the
Queen fell upon thefe Complaints, they thought to fright her,by Pre-
tending to bring forth the Prince of ConAe ; but that the Queen had
aftonifhed them,by telling them, That (he was fo far from oppoling,
as (he defiredthe liberty of the Prince. That the Queens friends
would be glad of his liberty, for that it could not be prejudicial, but
rather advantagious, at the leaft, it would be honourable for them,
if his liberty were wrought, if not by their interceffion, at Ieaft by
their occafion; further he told me, That he was confident, that the
Queen would not be gained by their fair words, but would perfift in
her refolution. Which difcourfe of his with fome other advertife-
mcnts, dothperfwademe, that this matter hath a farther root, and
is likely to bring forth fome great alteration here, in no long time.
And doubt not but that IMonftiur de Luiewi\\ find with repentance,
how much better it had been for him, to have furthered your Maje-
fties advice for the delivery of the Prince, whereby he might have
acquired to the King a reputation of Juftice, and to himfelf an ob-
ligation of a powerful friend in the Prince, rather then to leave him
to the^dventure of the changes, that time may produce. But if
your ^hinfel did prove fruitlefle to them by their mifconceit of it,
yet it doth, and will every day prove more honourable to your Maje-
ftie; who by your wifdom have forefeen , and by your goodnefle
have premonilhed all your neighbours of thcmifchiefs that threat-
ned them.
Perad venture they may overcome this effort of the Queenes by
fair
Xr William Etcher /* tJUAjefit. 177
/air words to her Pcrfon, and threats fignified afar off, and continue
'theftatcof an-., a u;thc fame condition that now it is, which is in
few words extrcamly Romifti, Jefuitifti , and by confequence
Mounficur^ Luine feemcth to me a man in himfelf capable of
reafon,and by the death of the Marfhal d'A*chre t eternally bound to
be a good Patriot, bat that he applyes himfelf wholly to the Kings
perfon , and that diftrufting his own judgment, relies upon the judg-
ment of the Miniftets of the State, and principally * "Du *sf*gen the * DU ASK.
Chancellour, and the Gardefeaux.
They utterly ncgled all the Alliances of our Religion abroad,
and care not how inconfidcrately they opprefie it at home. Onely
they feem defirous to entertain therafelves well with the King of
Spain, by the intervention of the Nunce^ and do think that no ad-
vantage which they can give the Spaniard by this proceeding in
other parts , can equal that which they pretend to receive at
borne, by fuppreffing the State, and dodrinc of thofc of the Re-
ligion.
If they proceed long in this train , it will undoubtedly breed
mifchievous deiignes, which there is no fo ready way to prevent,
as to let them generally perceive, that they are difcovcred, where-
by the proceedings of the Minifters of State will grow fo deteftable
to all thofe here, that have any fenfe of the love of their Countrcy,
that it will produce cither a change of their perfons,or of their Coun-
cils.
But I do humbly fubmit the Cenfurc hereof to your Majefties moft
exquifice judgment, whom Idobefeech the Almighty long to pre-
ferve in health, and all perfect happinefle.
Your Majcfties
Moft humble Subjed, and
Loyal Servant,
Wiff. Beecbtr.
At . To
v
Tt King James, abignoto<
Moft wife, and gtoriotu prince,
BEcaufe the departure of your Ma jcftie doth not permit me to
hope for the honour of feeing you, and that the advertifcmcnts,
and orders which I have to communicate unto you, do merit your
fpeedy review and magnanimous refolution, I have prefumed to
truft them unto this paper, which I do humbly defire may reft in the
hands of your Ma jeftie alone.
The treaty of reftoring all that had been taken by Sea (which by a
motion from Spain, was put into the hands of fome Minifters in Rome)
is accompanied with fo little hope of obtaining the end, that was
pretended, that by reafon of their continuing at Naples to diflipate,
and wafte liich goods as they had taken in our (hips,and the Cardinal
Borgia* refervednefTe to promife any thing, that negotiation maybe
held as vain, and as an infidious invention to gain time. Never-
thelefle my Matters marching ftill with a conftanc defire of purcha-
fing the publique tranquillity, have been content to render all fuch
veffels as they had taken within their Gulph, in hope that having
gotten the advantage of thecaufeby this honeft proceeding, they
might prevail in which they had made at Naples, for the reftitution
of their GaleaiTes, and of the fhip called Rofe.
But the actions and operations of the Spaniards do not anfwer un-
to what is defircd, and hoped. For in the Kingdome ofSiciiie Na-
ples, and Calabria, they do mufter new Souldiers, and they make
great preparations for a war by the Sea. The fubjeds of thofe King-
domes are taxed with extraordinary Contributions ofmony, and in
daily councels held by the duke of O//*,the MarquefTc Sa ma Crce e
and other minifters they do confultofthc meanes of making war,
and do ing hurt. But that which is mo ft important is, that in the
conjuncture, there is likewifc in divers parts of Spain a terrible con-
courfe of great provifions. For they have put in a read incfle ar-
mour for 30000. men, they have ingroflcd all the ammunition that
could Jbe purchafed, and have put in good equipage 60. tallfhip
which being added unto thofe they have already in theStreights
make 80. at Naples they have 20 (hips more befides ail their own
Gallies, and an order they have obtained for the Gallies of Ainlta^
Florence, and the Pope to joyn with them.
All the Italian Souldiers are quartered along the Coaft of Apulia,
which is oppofttc to our 5*//>^, and they have 14000. foot of ir*t-
ft it/x^Jamcs, abignoto.
toons, frenc A, and Smnvtrds lodged within the Kingdom of Ntpbs-
Inf/^r/atiuispiefent, they make anew Leavie of 6000. foot,
'and a looo, horfe. And in the ftate of LMMan> they do retain ftill
3000. horfe fupernumcraries. All which forces, and provisions, as
they do dcfcrve for their greatnefle to be regarded, and looked up-
on with a jealous eye of every one ; fo thofe, who do fuffer at the
prefent many jnjuries and a&s of hoftility at the hands of the S^<-
wards, and in particular the State offanice, which is betrayed by
their fraudulent treaties, cannot chufe but fear,and doubt more then
any other.Neither can any pretences of cnterprifcs or defigns againft
the Turk fecure thofe,who fet the fword bended againft their breafts,
and the fire kindled in their own houfes.
Whereupon your Majeftio is humbly defired that you will be pleaf-
ed to confider ferioufly of what hath been remonftrated^nd to take
fuch a refolution, as maybeft befit yonr wifdom,and GreatnefTe,
and the fafcty ,and indemnity of a State fo obfervant of yourMajcfty
as ours is, and of a member fo important of the liberty of /* 4/tV, and
of Europe. There is not, at this day ( Invincible Sir) any Prince in
the whole world npon whom the Confervation of the publiquc
tranquillity doth more rely then upon your Majcftie. For there be-
ing none that doth equal your Majeftie in wifdom,and experience,
poflefiingyour Kingdomesin perfect peace, quietneflfe, and plenty,'
to the infinite praifc of your name^ and being free from the molefta-
tion ofallftormes and tempefts , itfeemeth that the eyes of all
men are turned towards your Majeftie as towards a San, that ought
to clear theSkie, and that they exped deliverance onely from your
hand. Thcfe resolutions (oh moft wife King) will be the ftrongcft
walls npon which your eternity can be reared. The fe will be the
Jewels , and the crown, which will adorn you in earth, and in
Heaven. Thefe will be the immortal Gloric of your powerful
name.
The rcfolutions in cafes of fuch weight, and danger ought to be
magnanimous, quick, and powerful. The very noife of your putting
in order your royal Navie, the fending a perfon of quality to the
place, from whence the danger is feared, and the declaring your felf
in favour of thofe, whom you (hall find to have the right on their
fide, may perhaps prove fufficient to procure a peace. If word* will
not prevail deeds muft follow, and fuch a refolution will prove the
true Antidote to all their poyfons. For the better effecting whereof
the world doth attend with great devotion to fee a good correfpon-
dencic renewed betwixt your Majcftie and the Preach Ki ng j and fot
A az the
Sir Haac Wake toiht Secretary.
the difpofing your MajefKes. heart thereunto the State of
doth joyn her humble prayers unto^thc earner mireaty of many
others.
In the mean time, I am to requeft your Majeftie, that you will
be pleafcd to forbid the exportation of Artillerie, (hips and Marri-
nersout ofourKingdomcs fortheferviccofthe Spaniardt, it being
neither juft nor agreeable to your Ma jetties Piety, that your Arms
(houldbe ftayned with the blood of a State, and Prince, that hath
no equal in lov to your Royal Crown, and that will'ever tcftifie to
all the world by effeds of their obfervaflcc, the pure, and iincerc de-
votion that they have to your Glorious name. For my own parti*
cular, I humbly crave leave to kifTe your royal hands.
Sir Ifaac Wakef* tht Sccnurie.
Right Honourable,
I Have fafcly received the Letter, wherewith your Honour hath
been pleafed to favour me, dated at Theohalds the 19 th . of'july Stii .
Vet, and have to my fingular comfort underftood^ that you have
been pleafed not oncly to give favourable acceptance unto fuch
weak difpatches as I have made bold to addrefle unto you, but dons
me the honour likewife to acquaint his Ma jeftie with the contents
of them, and todired: my proceedings in in this intricate bufinefle,
which inftrudions dictated by his Ma jetties wifedom, this light will
be fufficient to direct, my fteps in the middeft of an Egyptian dark-?
neffej which doth not only obfcure the Horizon of this Province
where I refide, but almoft the whole face of Europe,by reafon of the
great mifts, which are caft artificially in all mens eyes to cover the
defigns of thofe, who do prefume, that they have in all places ar&itri*
umBellitt Pads.
I moft humbly crave pardon of your Honour,if you do not receive
my anfwer fo foon as perhaps you might cxped. For yours ha-
ving ftaycd upon the way a month and a day, did not come to
my hands. until the 2o lh . of Auguft Stil. Vet. At which time it was
brought unto me by Mr. Rovelandfon, whom Ihaddifpatchedinto
Germany J.Q advertize thofe Princes of the motion made to theDuke
of Savoy for the paffage ofSpanifh forces through his State. My
Lord of Doncafter under whofe Cover I received that Letter, did not
think fie to fend it to me by an expreflc meflenger for fear of increa^
Sir Ifaac Wake te the Surety. 1 8 1
ling tfie fofpition of r ome in thofe parts, who are jealous tbathis Ma-
jefty doth favour the Duke of Savoj more then they could wifh. And
I muft confefle, that the fame reafon induced me likewifc to fend thac
Gentleman of the Duke of Savoy's into ty^m^rather then any fer-
vantofmineown, for fear leaft allees, and vennes of meflagers be-
twixt my Lord of Dovcafer^ and me inthefe doubtful times might fo
far injealous the contrary party, as might prejudice the fervice of his
Majcftie in thac Negotiation.
The inftrudions that your Honour hath been pleafed to give me
from his Majeftic, concerning my treating with 52. c. in favour off*, *. the
93. 4. having reference untothe inclination of 95.4. to peace, or ^ ukc of
the probability of defence to be mad* by 93. a. I held it more fafc *J" the
for me to govern my felf by fuch informations of the ftate of thofe lUbemm*
affairs as I have received from the favour of the i. 32. 7. 5. 47: 48. *? a. the
2. 10. 40. 45. of 51.*, in 97. a. And for the better justification of Emperour
r
my proceedings, I fend your Honour here inclofed the Copie of his * r ^
Letter unto me, wherein you will fee, that I have no reafon as yetKing'
to fpend the n&me 0f 51. <*. in favoarofps. a. nor to irabargue 52. England.
c. inabufinefle, which maydrawa greatcharge, and envieupon 9?> *. Ger*
himfelf, and not much advantage the 93. *. I muft confeffe that man ^ ^
the 50. b. in general, and particularly the 54. b* andthe4i. 4S K^ofthc
Z3. 34. 9. 12, of 5. 35. 22. 4. 30. 50. have reprefented the ftatc Romns.
of thofe affairs atthisprefcnt unto 5 i.b. in a manner notonelydif- 71. c. the
ferent from the advertifemcnts fent me, but almoft contrary, and A^cnt of
they do feem not only to be confident of the prevailing of 93 .v. but **%, j, e
likewife they continue to give hope that the i o. 5 1 . 29. 1 5. of 48. 3 Prince Pd-
59,15. will concur* with 51.6 and 52. . in the 12- 30. 13. 9. 50. laune.
27. 40. 35; of 99. a. But becaufe I have reafon to fufpcft that they 5*- * tlic
make relation of thofe affairs, rather as they wilh they were, then
as they be indeed, and that their intention to draw fomewhat ftom
52, c. to wards the fuccours of 93.1. I will forbear to joyn with
them therein, until I can have fome better ground then their adver- Matqueffc
tifements, which may be thought to favour of partiality, and I hav <*u$ac\).
reafon to be backward therein, becaufe I know that 52. c. would p r * inc ' e l s ^
prefently take me eu iw^.and put to the account of 5 1. a. that which th r c lln i on .
he is moft willing to do of himfelf. I do not affirm this out of con-
je&ure, but upon good ground j forbefidcs, that he did fignifie fo
much unto me at my return out of j/W, I do know that withisi
this fortnight he hath fent unto 56. If. 3000. 41.24. 48.49. 40.30.
47. inpatof42,a, $o, 32* 15.35. 50. and in the conveyance of
thii
sir Ifaac Wake to ike Secretarie.
this 33. 39. 34. 35- 61. there was extraordinac <l ; l ; 3ence ufcd to
conceal it from the knowledge of the 71. r. wftereof no other con-
duction can be made, but that 52. c. would fain be intrcated by
71 c. to do that, which he hath already a mind to do.
If upon more frefh Letters, which I expert from my Lord of Don-
ctfter, I (hall find that the affairs there have changed face fince the
writing of hislaft unto me, I will go vern my felf accordingly, as I
ihall receive warrant from him.
We are fierc at a ftand> expecting with devotion the iffue of the
affairs of Germanic. The Army in the Kingdom of Naples is ftill
retained , and no order given, either for the difmiffing of thofc
Troops, or the employing them in any fervice. Prince Philibert i%
at iMeffinA with the Gallies, and hath with him 10, or 12000 men.
The Ships and Gallions remain at Naples^nd the Walloons, Lombardcs
and Neapolitans* which (hould have come to Vado, are fince their dif-
ipbarquing again, quartered round the City of Naples. It is im-
poftible to guefle what they mean to do; but the moft probable con-
jecture is, that under the colour of fufpecting the Duke ofofftaa^
the Spaniards will keep their potent Army on foot,and by that means
keep all Italj in awe, and as it were fttb Ferula, and delude the reite-
rated promifes and oaches that have patted by them , to aflure the
Duke of Savoy and the Venetians, that they would difmiffe thofc For-
ces. The feafon is now paft for any enterprife by Sea, fo that Prince
Piiiliben muft be forced to return without doing any thing. And
many are of opinion, that the Duke of Oftttna had fecret order to
counterfeit madneffe, and to crofle the Kings Commandement ex-
preflely to deprive Prince Philibert of the honour which would have
redounded unto him, if he had been poflefled of the abfolute Com-
mand of fo potent an Armie. The Duke of Savoy on the other fide,
would fain make you believe, that undoubtedly Offttna hath enter-
tained rebellious thoughts, and that ifDonOttavio D'Arrtgona do
not bring a good anfwci out of fyffo, he will break out into open
contumacie. Hii demands of the King of Spain are thefe :
Firft, That he may be continued in the Government four years
longer.
Secondly, That he may be permitted to enter with his Fleet into
the Gulph of Venice, and to difpute his Majefties Title to that Sea
by the force of Arms.
Laftly, That in cafe the King of Spain will not let him Conteft fo
far with the Venetians, that there may then be fent him fo much mo-
ney out of Spoilt as may liccnfe his Army, confidering that the King-
dome
Sir Ifaac Wa/r to the Sccrccarie. 183
dome of Njipltsi* ftrfarexhaufted, as that they cannot contribute
any longer citl.--*~ .he maintaining, or to the difmiifing of thofe
Forces.
The VenetitHs did lately chafe a fmall Gallic of the Wcoccbi, which
wasentred into the Gulph to rob and fpoyl, and followed her unto
the (hoares of A^uglia^ where Fer/itic&he Captain of thofe Thieves
favcd himfelf and the mod part of his fellowcs by flight into the
mountains, but Signer Fi/ippo 'Btlegno recovered the Gailie, and car-
ried her away as a prize, having found two banners difplayed, the
one with the arms of fy*/*, the other with the'armsof Ofuxa^ And
not onely a formal Patent and Commifiion to take any thing x that he
could from the Venetuuti, butfome Letters likewife from fome prin-
cipal Minifters of Ferdintnd, wherein this Capo di Btnditi is encoura-
ged, and requefted to do the Venetians as much hurt and dammage.as
he might be able. Now the Duke ofOffttM is fallen into a-great rage
with the Venetiant, quod non totttm telum corpore iccepertint, and he
doth threaten to be revenged upon them for not differing thefe Vi-
c0afc*toroband fpoyl their fubjeAs.
The Duke of Savoj hath done me the honour to intreat my com-
pany with him into Savoy , whither he doth purpofe very (hortly to
go, that he may receive at the confines of his eftate, the Prince of
PicdmoMnt^ and Madam his wife. And becaufe his requeft hath the
power of a command over me in Licitis^ et konefti), , I mufV be en-
forced to paffethe Mountaines again at an unfeafonable time, be-
fore I have fufficicntly refreftiedj my felf after my iaft voyage, and I
know not whether I (hall have the opportunity of writing unto your
Honour again before my going, which is uncertain, as depend-
ing upon the going of the Duke. So with my hearty prayers unto
Almighty God for the prefervation of his Majeftiein health, and
the prosperity of his Eftate, in all humility I take leave ; And reft
Your Honours moft faithfully
to command,
27.Septemb.7
22. Auguft, S 1619, If
I
184
Sir Ifaac Wakc0 CWr. Semtarh.
Right Honourable^
I Have received the Letter,wherewith your Honour hath been plea-
fed to favour me, dated at Wkite-H*tt the 27. of February, and
having to my fingular comfort underftood, that bis Majeftie hath
declared his gracious approbation of my proceedings here, with the
Duke of Savoy, and the Venetians. And I do with all thankfulneffc
acknowledge to receive that favour from the hand of your Honour,
as ray only Gratttm ftciens
I will not fail to govern my felf precifely by the rule of thofe In-
ftructions which you have been pleafed to give me. And as you
have favoured me with paffing your word for me, that I will not
fpend his Majefties name without particular Warrant, and direction;
fo will I promife faithfully to perform as much, as you have under-
taken for me, and both in this, as in all things elfe you may allure
your felf, that his Majefties revealed will, and that only, (hall be a
Law unto me.
Your Honour will have underftood by my former Difpatches,that
the Duke of Offttna is re-confirmed in his Government of Nap/en
He hath not (as far as I can learn) any certain time prefixed , but is
to remain there dttrante Regis beutplacito ; And when his Patent
was prefented unto him, he had likewife order (which was delivered
by word of mouth) that the King his Mafterdid require him imme-
diately to difmifle all his Army, and to fend the WaUooxs , and 2Yjv*-
fohtanti into Germany to the fuccoursof the Emperour. The fame
party did likewife fignifie unto him, thacastheKing of Spain had
fliewed, to have a care of the honour of the Duke of Ofuna in efta-
blifhing him anew in that Regencie, at this time, when the world
had made fome doubt, that his late actions had not been conform-
able to the will and plcafure of his Mafter, fo he did expect that he
ftiould voluntarily, and of himfelf, ask leave to go into Sp4a , and
offer to give an account of all his proceedings. Which courfe, the
King did recommend unto him as moft honourable, for the juftifica-
tion of his own innocencie, and the confufion o-f his enemies. This
Meflage the faid Duke hath wifely fuppreffed, and hath publifhed the
"Patent of his Confirmation, without taking notice of the private
Articles, which were annexed thereunto, and delivered verbally. He
doth profeffe to underftand very well, that in Spain they wifti him ill,
and that their defign is under the fair bait of this efrablifhing him
inchac Government, to make him fwallow the hook of difmiffing
his
Sir Ifaac Wake to tie Sccrctaric.
"Jis armieltftet ib they may afterwards difpofcof him at their pleafure,
.when he haU rt..,-i. utterly difarmed. But his heart did not fervc
him to throw away the/cabbard when he had drawn his fword:ahd I
am perfwaded, that as in Spain they will judge of his proceedings by
theruieof7V*V.r. *%uidt liber ant defciverant : fo he will repent of
not having obferved, that other Mnximt^ Ant nunqutm tentes^ Attt
pgrfice. His bcfthopeis, thatC/W ha tempo kavita^ and if he can
make his peace at home upon any conditions^hc will not much care
to turn honeft, and change his dangerous dcfigns into faithful fervice
of his Matter, To play Le bon valett , he hath now obeyed his Ma-
tters Commandment in fending the Walloons zn&Nepolitans into Lorn-
bardie^nd they are all fo fafcly arrived at^W? upon ip.Gallions, be-
ing in -number 6. or 7000,
The landing of thefe troops, and their parting along the skirt of
this State doth not onely give a little jealoufie to the Duke of S</7,
butputhimlikewifetofemeCoft, and trouble. Tor as he doth well
know, how dangerous it is to ttand to the difcretion of a reconciled
cnemy,fo doth he evidently fee,that their ill talent towards him,doth
not only continue, but incrcafe ; and therefore to allure himfeif, and
his State,he hath caufed at this prefent a general mutter to be made of
allhisCavallarie,and trained Infanterie, which he doth fend to the
confines of his State, that way, which thefe newly landed Troops
are to paflc. And although their order be to march towards Sviffer-
Und. and to pafle that way into Germany , yet will this Prince ttand
upon his guard until they are quite gone out of Lombartlie t and hath
given order to the Count Gttido St.george in his abfence,not to let him
lodge i n Mofcrrat upon any terms whatsoever, nor to linger too
long ncer the Confine of this Province. He hath this rcafon tacon-
clude, that che Spaniards wifh him ill, becaufe he doth fee that they
do rmttruft him.For wheras they had a fair promifeof thcj paffagc
for their armie through this State, in vertue of antient capitulati-
pns betwixt the King of S?*r',and the Duke of S*t>0;,thcy have cho-
* fen rather to buy the paffageat the hands of the Sftiffes at a very
dear rate, then adventure to take it here Grttit. Whereby it may
appear unto all the world how little confidence they have in this
Prince, and how much they mittrutt him for being partiallie affe&ed
to the Prince Pal*tine, and all that party. Howfoever your Ho-
nour doth conceive, that the feafon of the year is too far patted for
the tranfportationof this army r of the SpAi*rAs into gtrnMnj^ yet
you will fee chat receiiity doth make men ttrive with many inconve-
B b nicncies
U "V
Sir Ifaac Wake u -lat Secretary,
niences, for they muft paffe whatsoever weather happen; and indeed
the Alpesarc paflablc enough until the month-: uf January and Fe-
bruary, if the Souldiersbe well cloathed, for there is no danger buc
of cold, untill the deluges of Snow which fall late do (hut up the
paflages,
Perhaps they will not find the paflages of SttifferUnd fo favourable
as they do conceive, and as is figured unto them, for they have
bought it only of the little Popifti Cantons, without asking leave of
the Swr*V of Zurich, and 'Btrne^ and it is to be fuppofed, that
the State of Be/tie will take a hot Alarum, considering that their
controvcrfie with Fribttrge is not accommodated, and th*at the Go-
vernor of Mill hath made offer unto thofeof Friburge, and the
little Ctntons, of all this armie for the defence of the CathoHque re-
ligion in the BailMgeof Jfj/c^j/I^whereof I have given notice to our
Signiorie of Berxc by ~an exprefle Currier that they may have time to
fave themfelues from a furprife.
The voyce doth run currant over all /M/fe, that the Duke of Par^
wais to undertake a voyage fhortly for the fervice ofthe King of
Spain, but whither he is to go they cannot tell; for fome fend him
into Germanic, others into Flanders, and the raoftmen into Spain.
For all which difcourfe, I know no other ground ,but that his bro-
ther the Cardinal F<tr*efe hath asked leave ofthe Pope to retire him-
felffora time to Parma,znd I do imagin that the Specuiativi have
concluded thereupon , that he is to govern the State in the ab-
fence of his brother.
Prince Pkiliben having failed of theenterprifeofS#/*,did intend in
his fcond fctting out from Sisify, to meet with the Turkifh Fleet and
fight with them. The firft part of his dclign fucceeded happily, for
he had the good fortune to encounter the whole Fleet between Zat
an&CephaloMta, bet finding them more ftrong then he was aware,and
well rcfolvedto give him battaile, he was counfailed to retire to
Meflin*, where he is at this prefent t without having effected any
thing. The two armies of Venice, and the Turk, did likcwife meet
on thofe Seas, not far from Corf*, but as foon as they did know each
the other, the two Generals, and all the principal Officers, did inter-
changeably prefent one the other with wine, and Rinfres C*mcnti t
and fo much kind nefle pafled betwixt them, that the Viper BaffitM
offer to joyn his Fleet with the Venetian , and to fet upon the Spanilh
AYfMdo^ , which charitable offer, the Venetian General had fo much
chriftianity asro refufe with modeft thanks.
Sir Ifaac Wa^c Ufa Secrctatic.
SigMOur A von'to Dtntato hath fent a fervant of his hither, who had
' the fortune to *mvt in an ill Conjuncture. For the Duke of Savy
'having lately called upon the Venetians for that money which is want-
ing in Signiour Donato's account, they did excufe themfelves upon
his pleading not guilty, and did fend unto the Duke a Copy of his
Letter written to the Senate, when he was yet Embaflfadour, and noc
convicted. This Letter arrived here from Venice the very day before
Signiour Donate' j fervant, and if your Honour will be plcafed to
caftan eye upon the Copy which I fend here inclofed, you will not
blame the Duke of Savoj for refilling to give him audience, or to
receive his Matters Letters j for he doth give the Duke the Lie three
feveral times in that Letter, which is ftrange language to be ufed of
a Prince ; and I do much wonder, that the Venetians would upon any
occafion whatfocver publifti fuch a Pctulancic, committed by one,
that was their Embafladour at that time.
He brought me a Letter from his Maftcr of meer Ccremonie, and
Complement, and had his principal addreffe unto the Popes Nuntio
in this Court, whereat I did wonder fomewhat formally at thefirft,
as conceiving that inCongruity he ought to have interrupted bis
Correfpondence with the Popes Minifters, as long as he doth live
under the protection of his Majeftie; but when I underftood , that
the Duke had lodged him in a prifon, with an intent to fend him to
Venice, I was glad that I had fo little to do with him, and the Nuncio
fo much.
The Duke of Savoy doth affure himfclf, that when his Majcftie
{hall have perufed this Letter of Signiour Donato's, he will withdraw
his countenance, and protection from him v and account him unwor-
thy of any favour, for having wronged in fohigh a degree a Prince,
that is fo much a fervant of his Majeftie.
I may not likewife conceal from his Ma jetties knowledge, that Sig-
niour Donate hath not been wanting to mine (as far as he could)
Padre Pao/o, and Fttlgentio in Venice ; two perfons that have done bis
Majeftie very long and faithful fcrvice, as by an inclofed Paper, your
Honour may fee, which isanabftra# of t Letter written from fnU
gtntio.
The Prince of Picdntoni having made a potting voyage hither to
rsceive his Fathers bleffing, before he bring his Lady in the Country,
I did prefent unto him his Ma jetties Letters of Congratulation,
whereuntohe hath returaed an anfwer, which I fend here inclofed*
So with my hearty prayers unto Almighty God for the prcfervatioo
B b a <rf
'- "S
X 83--. Str Ifaac W<ftl* _
of his Majeftics Pctfon in all bappincfle and pro f oeritv, in all hurai- v
lity I take leave, And reft
Your Honours
Moft faithfully to
command,
^ofOftob; 1619.
Sir Ifaac Wake to the Duke.
Right Honour able t and my very ftngultr goo
IN thefe parts we have nothing of moment worthy the relating, the
ftorms which do vex our neighbours round about us keeping us
here in calme, and quiet, as it were per <mtipfrift*fw. Howfoever I
am of opinion, that we (hall enter into the Dance either actively or
paffivcly before the next fummcr paflc over. All over Italy there
doth raign a great dearth, which did lately caufe in Naples a dange-
rous Cullcvation of the people againft the Cardinal Zappata Vice-
Roy, who had fomewhat to do to favc himfelf from the fury of the
fopotar^o.
In the State of (J^7/d likewife fome infurreftions were beginning
to be made-in Novarra^ Atttfattdria, and Cremona^ both for want of
bread, and for the infolencie of the Garrifon Souldiers, who having
had no pay for many moneths, did commit many violent cxcefles
upon the peoplc,which did drive them into defpair but thofe Com-
motions were a ppeafed betimes, and no great matter of Confidcra-
tion hathcnfued, although there are fome neighbour Princes who
did Hand tux Efcoutet, and would be ready to have afted a trouble-
fome part, if the fcene had been ready.
The Duke of Parma hath imprifoncd his natural fon*Z)*0amV,
ibemyfterie whereof is not well known, but it muft needs be for
fome great matter , becaufe he did make (hew to love him paflionate-
ly. The Infanta Ifabtll* of Modena hath been in danger of her life^
by betng furprized. with a violent feavcr, neer the time of her child-
birth-: from hence the Duke of Sumy fent his Phyfitians to help
her, and we hear npw that (he hath efcapcd that danger,and is fafcly
delivered of a daughter, Count
Sir Ifaac Wake u the Duke.
Count (*?A Mttfelt is grown formidable, and doth daily increafe in
''ftrength and u-putarion. Although he hath hitherto intitled hi*
'armesuntothe fcrviceoftheKingof Bohemia, yet I believe he will
neither difarm,nor fufpend his arms, when he (hall be commanded fo
to do by that King. For being now intertained by the State of Venice
with an honourable provision of 1 2000] Crowns fer annum in peace
during hi& life, and the pay of 10000 Foot, and 2000 horfe in the
time of War, he will try whathecandoforthcinfranchifing of the
frifom, when the affairs of the ftlttmAte (hall be accommodated,
nd if the AftftriAci do not bend all their forces againft him very
fpeedily, and break his Annie before it grow more ftrong, he is like
thofe people to /wear Allegiance unto the King of Bohtmi* ^ yec
when the faid King (hall make his peace with the Emperour, it may
be doubted whether Count M*nsftlt wittrefignup what he hath
conquered ; and it is thought, that he will either keep it for himfclf,
or intitle fome other Prince thereunto. The Auftrinci were never fo
matched a* with Count Mamfelt, for he is a perpetual motion, and
doth not ftand upon the defensive (as others have done hitherto, and
loft by the bargain) hut heisalwaiesfetting upon them, and doth
make War at their cqift; let them take heed how they proceed with
him j for he,who hath nothing talofe ,is ready to hazard the Paquet
upon all occafions ; And if he do chance to overthrow them once in
battel, they will run danger,or lofe all that they have in Germany. Let
me in all humility befeech your Lordfhip to continue me in the honor
of your good opinion, and to favour me with your honourable pro-
tedion, efpecially with a good word to my Lord Treafurer, for the
fending me fome relief, without which I cannot poflibly fubfi ft,, ha-
ving for want of my pay,confumed all that I had in the world. God
Almighty increafe upon your Lordlhip all happineile and profpcrity,
as is unfaincdly wifhcdunto you by him that is
Your Lordftiips moft humble obliged
Creature and Servant,
-\
IpO
5ir Ifaac Wakes troftyionfonbe King >f
Denmark.
IT feemeth that the Glorie of this State, which at all times was
great.doth (bine brighter now adayesj fincethat befidcs fo many
Neighbouring Kings and Princes, whereof fome are in .a made
league with us and fornedo keep a good correfpondencc,andall a
good intelligence with us. Now the friendftiip of your Highnefle is
fought by the mighty King ofDenmarl^ a monarch of thofc nations,
that in time paft have left their remembrance of their prowejfe
inltib'e. Fr*ce t S/>**, and in whole Europe behind them. This
Great King of the North, who like a Second Atlas holds up the-rfr-
tick?po/e t rich in treafure, numerous in men, dreadful for his invinci-
ble generofity and Courage, doth here offer himfelf unto your High-
neflc. And acquainting you of his a&ions,doth confidently pro-
mife you to ftand firra,and ftout in the defence of the common caufe,
if fo be that he receive that afliftancc as he hath reafon to expeft
from thofe, that are interefted in the fame caufe. His Majcftie of
Z)fw4rj^hath had from the King my Maftcr,as much as can be given,
and it is no fmall matter, that his Majeftic of great Brittaindoth ftill
continue the fame affiftance,baving withall ftill thofe great expenccs,
that are required forthefurety of hisRealmes, and for the offence
of the common enemie.
HisMajeftieof France hath alfo contributed to this good work
fomewhat, and there is great hope, that he will bring forth in a Ihort
time fome fit remedie againft this evil!. The Lords States do as
much as they are able. And the Princes of Love Saxonie do not want
in their duties. There remaineth now, that your Highneffe put alfo
your powerful hand to this work, and with a vigorous fuccour, wor-
thieofyour great heart do incourage all the reft to continue their
Emprcfe. The two Kings are not ignorant of the great fincerity
wherewith this moft Excellent State, doth obferve the capitulations
made with Allies of the league, and that rather then to be wanting
in things agreed upon, you have furpafled in necefTarie provisions for
the advancement of the defigns, and that you have not been parta-
kers, nor agreers of the treaty made at Monco*. But that you do con-
tinue to keep fome forces in your Dominions, and likewife fome
troops in the V*ItIiHe forthe effeding (as much as is in you;of what
wis firft thought fit, and of the agreement of the League.
Andasthatgienerousrefolutionandconftancieofthis State is ne-
ver enough praifed, fo there is great hope that you will not bring this
fame
Sir Ifaac \7akc to the Luke.
> fame in the :koning of the two Kings, who never willmifleto
/jpraifethew.fd. TI? -^d generofitie of this State, though not obliged
for their particular for anything whatfoever done till now, either by
the league in general, or by whomsoever of the united in particular,
becaufe that the league was made two years and more before his Ma-
jeftie of great Brittain broke with Spat**, or that the King of Denmar^
had declared himfelf. Since the time that thefe two Kings are come
to the Z)dcf,your HighnefTe hath not levied one man,and the Forces
which you do yet keep, as they were not Jevied,fo are they not main-
tained in Contemplation of the two Kings , but onely for the firft
reafons of the League.
The onely thing here fought for is to go with a common pacc,that
thofethat are now too heavily laden, may be fupported by their
friends, either by way of diversion, or by way of a/fiftance. And
therefore your Highneffe and other Princes arc now requeued to
help, feeing there is fmall appearance of diverfion. And fet the cafe,
that the Peace between Sp*in and France fliould be firm, would it not
turn againft the Common Caufe ? Italia inffndiutn rttina Germani& ex*
tinguertl To quench a little fire in Ittlj by the ruine of whole Ger-
many ? In Chronical difeafcs Phyiitians do not fo much rcfped the
fymptomes and accidents as they do the caufes of the evil.
T:heyatt0li*e, < PAl*tinatt t HHjffi*, Marchiftt of Baden, Dukcdome
of Brunfoick^, and fo many other Countries attempted, and opprefled
bytheS/?<iw^and^/?rwufurpation, are grievous and dangerous
fymptomes and accidents : but the Caufc, and fewel of the evil re-
mains yet in the ambitious bowels of the SptttMrA, who now with
fpread failes gocth on towards the univerfal Monarchic ; unleffe
there be applied betimes fome fit remedies, ail topick remedies will
do but little good.
The King of Z)fW4r^ doth offer himfelf ready to apply fuch an
iffue, whereby he may be brought back to terms of modeftie , and
with the afiiftance he doth exped from your Highnefle and other in-
tercffed Princes, he hopeth to bring his good intent to pafle. And
being prodigal of his great Soul, there is no doubt he will ever go
back, unleffe he be forfakcn.
, Thus there remains the Common liberty almoft in your handstand
if this moft excellent Senate refolves to give ayd unto that King, that
libertie will be preferved. If you do forfakehim, that will alfo be
indangcred, yea loft. I therefore befeech your Highneffe to ponder
well this matter, and to grant fuch an afiiftance, as is requeued by the
King of Dew* ^ E rabaiTadour.
I
i. . \
Sir Henry Wodtcon U the X>ttk.
fntoft Noble Lord,
'Will be bold by this opportunity to give his Majeftie through
yourLordftiips hands, an accompt of a Command which I had
from him at Theob^lds^ about founding how the Venetian Embafla-
<3 our ftoodfatisfied with the late determination touching his prede-
tcflbur Do/tto.
I did vifit the faid Embafladour immediatly at my return from the
-King, and faluted him as by exprefle Commandment; interjecting
fome words of mine own gladncfle, that he had received content-
ment in this tender point,which would fignalize his beginnings. This
I fard, becaufe in truth I had found him alwaies before the more paf-
fionatc in it by fome reflection upon himfelf. His anfwer (after due
thanks for his Ma jefties gracious remembrance of him from abroad)
was, That for his own part, he was Contentiffimo, and had reprefen-
ted things home in the beft manner. He hoped likewife it would be
welltafted there alfo, though with fome doubt, becaufcthe State
~ out of tfheir own devotion towards his Majeftie might ferm a confi-
dence of expecting more. I rep!yed,that the King upon the matter
(if we confider difgrace) had done more then themielvcs: for he
. was but once banifhed at Venice, and twice here; vU. once from the
Verge of the Court, and fecondly, from London, which was as much
as could be done with prefervation of National immunities, and
more then would have been done at the fuit of any other Embafla-
dour here refidcnt, or perhaps of any of their own hereafter if the
lifce cafe (hall occur. For (as I told him) it was the Kings exprefle
will, that his particular refped to the republixjue, and to him in this
bufinefle (hould not be drawn into examples. With this point he
was not a little pleafed for his own glory, and faid, that indeed Mr.
Secretark N*ato had told him fo. This was the fummeof what
patted between us, omitting impertinencics. Let me end (my dear
Lord) as I am bound in all the ufe, either of my pen, or of ray voice,
with -an humble and hearty acknowledgment of my great obligations
towards your Lordfliip, which will make me refolve, and in good
faith unhappy, till I can fome way (hew my felf
Your Lorddiips moft thankful and
.3J* h . of January, faithful fcrvant,
1619.
Herj
,
Sir Henry Wotton tt tie Duke.
My mofl honoured Lord^ and Patron,
THefe poor lines will be preferred unto your Lordftiip by my Ne-
phew (one of your obliged fcrvants) and withal fomedefciipti-
on (as I have prayed him) of my long infirmities, which have caft me
behind in many private, and often interrupted even my publiquc
Duties ; with which yet I do rather fcek to cxcufe fome other defects
of fervice then my filence towards your Lordftiip.
For to importune your Lordfliip feldom with my pen is a choice
in me, and not a difeafe, having refolved to live at what diftance
foever from your fight, like one who had well ftudied before I came
hither, how fecure they are whom you once vouchfafc any part of
your love. And indeed I am well confirmed therein by your own
gracious lines : for thereby I fee that your Lordftiip had me in youc
meditation, when I fcant remembred my felf.
In anfwer of which Letter after fome refpite from mine own evils,
I have deputed my faid Nephew to redeliver my fortune into your
Noble hands, and to affure your Lordftiip, that as it {hould be cheer-
fully fpent at your Command if it were prefent and adual ( from
whofe mediation I have derived it) fo much more am I bound to
yeeldupunto your Lordftiip an abfolute difpoiitionof my hopes :
But if it ftiould pleafe you therein to grant me any part of mine own
humour, then I would rather wifti fome other fatisfaftion, then ex-
change of Office; yet even in this point likewife (hall depend on
your will, which your Lordftiip may indeed challenge from me, noc
oncly by an humble gratitude, and reverence due to your moft wor-
thy perfoB, but even by that natural charity and difcrction, which
I owe my fclf : For what do I more therein, then onely remit to
your own arbitrement the valuation of your own goodnefle ? I have
likewife committed to my forefaid Nephew fome Memorials touch-
ing your Lordftiips familiar fervice (as I may terra it) in matter of
art and delight.
But though I have laid thefe Offices upon another, yet I joy with
mine own pen to give your Lord (hi pan account of a Gentleman,
worthier of your love, then I was of the honour to receive him from
yow.
We arc now after his well-fpent travailes in the Townes of purer
language, married again till a fecond Divorce, for which I (hall be
forry, whcnfoever it (hall happen. For in truth (my good Lord) his
C c
;. . -V
Sir Henry Wotton 1 ***^ D*kt.
converfation is both delightful^ and fruitful, and I dar r renounce,
tliat he will return to his friends, as well fraught with ue bcft obfer-
vations as any that hath ever lifted this Conntrie, which indeed doth
need fitting ; for there is both flower and bran in it.
He hath divided his abode between Simnaand Rome: The reft
of his time was for the moft part fpent in motion. I think his pur-
pofe be to take the French tongue in his way homewards, but 1 am
pcrfwading with him to make 'Bruxels his Seat , both becaufc the
French and Spanifo Languages are familiar there, whereof the one
will be after /M//Vfafportuntohitn, foas he may make the other
a labour : And for that the faid Town is now the fcenc of an im-
portant Treatie, which I fear will laft till he come thither: but far
be from me all ominous conceit.
I will end with cheerful thoughts and wiflies ; befeeching the
Almighty God to preferve your Lordfhip in health, and to cure the
publique difeafes. And fo I ever remain
Your Lordfliips
Moft devoted obliged
Venice 29. of fcrvant>
July, 1623.
Henry Wotton.
Sir Henry Wotton^ tfa
Mjmoft honour eA r a*d dear Lord,
TO give your Lordftiip occafion to exrecife your Noble nature, i
withal one of the beftexercifes of mine own duty and therefor*
I am confident to paffe a very charitable motion through your Lord-
ihips hands, and mediation to his Majeftie.
There hath long lay in the prifon of Jnquifition a conftant worthy
Gentleman, viz. Mr. Mole\ In whom his Majeftie hath not only 4
right as his fubjec~t,but like wife a particular intereft in the caufe of his
firft imprifonment. For having communicated his Majefties immor-
tal work touching the alleagiance due unto Soveraign Princes with
a FlortnttNe of his familiar acquaintance, this man took fuch ini-
preffion atfome paffages, as troubling his coofcience,he took occafi-
5>n at next (hrifc to confer cercain doubts with his Confeflbr, who
out
Sir Henry \ /otton U the Duke.
out of mr\li' pui curiofity,cnquirir!gall circumftances, gave after-
wards notice uereor to Rome, whither the faid CMoU was gone with
my Lord Rofawho in this ftorie is not without blame ; but I will not
disquiet his Grave.
Now having lately heard, that his Majcftie at the fuiteofl know
not what EmbafTadours (but the Florentine amongft them is voiced
for one") was plea fed to yield fome releafement to certain retrained
perfons of the Roman faith : I have taken a conceit upon i^thac
in exchange of his clemencie therein, the Great Duke would be ea-
fily moved by the Kings Gracious requcfl, to intercede with the
Pope for Mr. Moles delivery. To wh ich purpofc if it fhall pleafe his
Majcftie to grant his Royal Letter?,! will fee the bufinefTc duely pur-
foed. Andfo needing no arguments to commend this proportion
tohisMajcfticsgoodnefTe, but his good nefTeitfelf, I leave it ("as I
bcganjin your Noble hand.
Now touching your Lordfhips familiar fervicc (as I may term
it) I have fcnt the complement of your bargain upon the beft pro-
vided and bed manned (hip, that hath been here in long time, called
the Pk<zni\\znd indeed thecaufe of their long flay hath been foe
fome fuch fure vefTel as I might trufh About Which fince I wrote laft
to your Lordfliip, I refolved to fall back to my firft choice. So as
now the one peece is the work of Tititn, wherein the leaft figure(viz
the child in the Virgins lap play ing with a bird) is alone worth the
price of your expence for all four, being fo round, that I know not
whether I (hall call it a piece of fculpture, or pidurc ; and fo lively,
that a man would be tempted to doubt, whether nature, or arc had
made it. The other is of<Palma t and this I call the fpeaking piece,
as your Lordfliip will fay it may well be tcarmed : for except the
Damofcl brought to David, whom a filent modcfty did beft become,
all the other figures are in difcourfe, and aftion, They come both
diftcndcd in their frames ; for I durft not hazard them in rowles, the
youngcft being 25. ycares old, and therefore no longer fupple,and
pliant. With them I have been bold to fend a difli of Grapes to your
N oblc Sifter, the CountefTe of Denbigh, prefenting them firft to your
Lordfliips view, that you may be pleafed to paflc your cenfure, whe-
ther lt*lianscnn make fruits as well as F lemmings 9 which is the com-
mon Gloric of their pencils. By this Gentleman, I have fent the
choiceft Melon feeds of all kinds, which his Majeftie doth expcd, as
I had order boh from my Lord of Ho/<&r*jf<?,and from Mr.Secrctary
Catvert. And although in my Letter to hi Majeftic (which I hope
by your Lordfhips favour himfelf (hall have the honour to deliver
C C2 together
Sir Henry Wotton _
together with the faid feeds) I have done him ^ght i< h? s due attri-
butes yet let me fay of him farther as ArckUe&t ule to fpeake of a
well chofen foundation, that your Lordfhip nay boldly builde what
fortune you pleafe upon him, for furely he will bear it virtuoufly. I
have committed to him for the laft place a private memorial touch-
ing my felf, wherein I (hall humbly beg your Lordfhips intercefilon
upon a neceffarie motive. And fo with my heartieft prayers to hea-
ven for your continuall health and happineffe, I moft humbly reft
Your Lordfhips
Ever obliged devoted
ytmcf . Dccemb. Servant,
1622.
Henry Wottvn.
Poftfcript.
MY Noble Lord, it is one of my duties to tell your Lordfhip,
that I have fent a fervant of mine (by profeffion a Painter) to
to make a fearch in the beft townes through Italic for fome principal
pieces, which I hope may produce fomewhac for your Lordfhipj
contentment, and fervice;
H
Sir Henry Wotton H the Duke.
it fit vi fe jour Grace,
Aving fome daies by fickneffe been deprived of the comfort of
your fight, who did me foniuch honour at my laft Acceflc , I
am bold to make thefe poor lines happier then my felf. And withal
to reprefent unto your Grace fwhofe nobjc Patronage is my refuge,
when I find any occafion to bewail mine own fortune) a thing which
fcemeth ftrange unto me. I am told (I know not how truly) that his
Majefliehath already difpofed the Ventti** Embaflage to Sir Ifaae
Wakf, fromwhofefufficiencyifllhoulddetracl, it would be but an
argument of my own weakncfle.
But that which herein doth touch me, I am loath to fay in pbint of
reputation, furely much in my livelihood (as Lawyers fpeak) is that
thereby after 17. years of forraign in continual imployment either
ordinary or extraordinary, I am left utterly deftitute of all poffibi-
lity
Sir Henry Wotton to the Duke.
lity to fubfcfl: . t horr ?, much like thofc Scale Fifties which fomctimes
(as they fay) overfleeping themfelves in an ebbing water, feel no-
thing about them but a dry ftioare when they awake. Which com-
parifon I am fain to feck among thofe Creatures , not knowing
among men that have fo long ferved fo gracious a Matter, any one
to whom I may referable my unfortunate barencfle. Good my
Lord, as your Grace hath vouchfafed mefomc part of your Love, fo
make me worthy in this of fome part of your Compaffion. So I.
humbly reft
Your Graces, &c.
Henrj Wotton.
Sir Henry Wotton to the Duke.
My mop Noble Lerd,
WHen like that impotent man in the Gofpel, I had lyen long
by the Pooles fide, while many were healed, and none would
throw me in , it plcafed your Lordfhip firft of all to pity my infir-
mities, and to put me into fome hope of fubfifting hereafter. There*
fore I moft humbly and juftly acknowledge all my ability and repu-
tation from your favour. You have given me encouragement, you
have valued my poor endeavours with the King, you have redeemed
me from ridiculoufnefle, who had ferved fo long without any mark
of favour. By which arguments being already and ever bound to
be yours till either life or honeftie (hall leave me, I am the bolder to
befeech y our Lordfhip to perfed your own work, and to draw his
Ma jeftie to fome fettling of thofe things that depend between Sir
fulita C&f*r and rne,in .that reafonable form, which I humbly prefcnt
unto your Lordfliip by this my Nephew ; likcwife your obliged fer-
vant, being my felf by a late indifpofition confined to my Chamber, ,
but in all eftatcs fuch as J am
Your Lordlbips
Henry
1 5)0
Sic Henry VVotton to tbeWl 0/PortUnd, Lrd
Treafttrer.
honoured Lord,
IMoft humbly prcfent (though by fomc infirmities a little top late )
a {fraying new years guift unto your Lordfhip, which I will pre-
fume to term the cheapeftofallthat you have received, and yet of
the r icheft Materials.
Jnfhort,it isjonly an image of your felf drawn by memoric from
fuch difcourfe as I have taken up here and there of your Lordfhip
among the moft intelligent, and unmalignant men. Which to por-
traid before you, I thought no fervile office t but ingenious and real.
And I could wifh, that it had come at that day, that fo your Lord-
fhip might have begun the new year fomewhat like ^PUtos definition
of felicity with the contemplation of your own Idea. They fay,
that in your forraign im ploy ments under King Jamet your Lordftiip
wan the the opinion, of a very able and fearching judgment, having
been the firft difcovcrer of the intentions againft the Palatinate ,
which were then in brewing, and mafqued with much art* and that
Sir Edtoard CotwAj got the Start of you both in title, and imploy-
ment t becaufe the late Duke of Buckingham wanted then for his own
ends a Martial Secretarie.
They fay that under our prefent Soveraign you were chofen to the
highcft charge at the loweft of the State, when fomc inftrumcnt was
requifite of indubitable integrity, and provident moderation,which
atributes I have beard none deny you.
They difcourfe thus of your actions, flnce, that though great ex-
hauftations cannot be cured without fuddain remedies no more in a
Kingdom then in a natural body : yet yourLordfhip hath well allay-
ed thofe bluftring clamours, wherewith at your beginning, your
boufe was in a manner daily befieged.
They note, that there hath been made changes, but that none
hath brought to the place a judgment fo cultivated, and illuminated
with various erudition as your Lordfhip, fince the Lord Burleigb un-
der Queen Elizabeth, whom they make your paralel in the ornament
ofknowledg.
They obfervcinyourLordfhips divers remarkable combinations
of virtues and abilityes rarely fociable.
In the character of your afped, a mixture ofAuthority, and Mo-
deftie.In the faculties of your mind quick apprehenfion and folidity
(together, in the ftilc of your Porte, and Trayn^s much dignity and
as
o/> lenry Wottcwi te ike Earl of Portland.
as great aepe dencie as was eve* in any of your place, and with
little noife, an ' outv. ard form,
That your Table is very abundant, free, and noble, without Luxu-
rie; That you are by nature no flatterer, and yet ofgreateft power
in Court. That you love magnificence and frugality both together.
That you entertain your Guefts and Vifitours with neble Courtefic,
and voyd of Complement. Laftly, that you maintain a due regard
to your pcrfon and place, and yet no enemy to froath-formalities.
Now in the difcharge of your function, they fpeak of two things
that have done you much honour, viz. that you had alwaies a fpecial
care to the fupply of the Navic ; And likcwife a more worthy and
tender refpeft towards the Kings only fitter for the continual fupporc
from hence, then (he hath found before.
They obferve your GreatnefTe as firmly eftablifhed as ever was
any, of the love (and which is more) in the eftimation of a King who-
hath fo fignalizcd his ConfUncie : befides your additions of ftrength
(or at leaft of luftrc) by the nobleft alliances of the Land.
Amongft thefc notes, it is no wonder if fome obferve,that between
a good willingnefle in your affections to fatisfie all,and impofiibility
in the matter, and yet an importunity in the perfons, there doth now
and then, I know not how,arife a little impatience, which muft needs
fall on your Lord(hip,unleflc you had been cutout of a Rock o
Diamonds, cfpccially having been long before fo converfant with
liberal ftudies, and with the freedom of your own mind.
Now after this fhort Collection touching your moft honoured
Perfon, I befeech you give me leave to adde likewife a little what
men fay of the Writer.
They fay I want not your gracious good will towards me, accord-
ing to the degrees of my poor talent, and Travailes j but they fay, I
am wanting to my felf. And in good fa*ith (my Lord) in faying fo, ,
they fay the truth. For I am condemned I know not how by nature
to a kind of unfortunate bafhfulneffe in mine own bufinefle * and it
is now too late to put me in a new Furnace,
Therefore> It muft be your Lordfhips proper work, and not onely
your Noble, but even your charitable goodnefle, that muft in fome
blejffed hour remember me. God give your Lordfhip many healthful
and joyful years, and the bleliing of that Text Betttu qui attendit ad.
And fo I remain with all bumble and willing heart
At your Lordibips Command,
Hrwj Wotto*
Sin-
Sir Richard Wefion to tin Duke.
it pleafe jour
I Fear I have taken too much of that liberty of not writing^ you
were pleafed to allow me by Sir George goring , but I hope your
Lordfhip will meafure my devotion to ferve yon by no other rule then
your own intereft and defert For as I undcrftand by Sir Cjcorge
Goring how often I come in your thoughts, and how great a part I
have in your Cares ; fo is there no man to whom I would more wil-
lingly give daily account of my felf then to your Lordfhip, to whofe
grace and favour I owe ft much.
I forbear to trouble your Lordfhip with any relation of bud-
ncffe , bccaufe I prefume your Lordfhip is acquainted with all
my dffpatch , and it is not long flnce I intreated my Lord Trea-
furer to tell your Lordfhip what I thought of things then. I have
yet little reafon to change my opinion.
And if your Lordfhip pleafe to know the ftate of things now,
I have fcnt this Gentleman the Bearer hereof efpecially to do your
Lordfhip reverence in my name, and to give you full information.
For my return or flay, I humbly fubmit it to his Majefties plea-
furc. ^ !
Though this Negotiation be like to fpin it felf out into much
length, I weigh not my own intereft. I fhall willingly be there,
where I fhall be thought moft able to do his Majeftie fervice. And
fo intreating that I may be continued in that good opinion and
grace, wherein your Lordfhips own affection , not any merit of
mine hath placed me , I humbly kiffe your hands And remain
Your Lordfhips
Faithful and devoted
Bruxth 26". June, fcrvant,
1622.
Rich,
201
Sir Hidiard Wcfton to the Duke
i*My very goal Lord^
T Have underftood by my Lord Trcafurerthe way you have made
A with his Majeftie for my calliing home, for which this prefcnt doth
give your Lordfhipmoft humble thanks, though I have forborn to
prefle or follicit it, becaufe I would approve my obedience to his Ma-
jeftie, and takeaway from them all occafion, who otherwifc mighc
have accufed my departure, and imputed the want of fuccefle here to
my want of patience to expect an anfwer.
I have almoft in all my Difpatchcs fince we entrcd into this Trea-
ty, fignified wha-t opinion I had of their proceedings here, and my
chief comfort was, that whatfoever the fuccefle were, that the clear-
nefle of his Majefties intentions would appear to the whole world,
and that the failing is not of his fide, which I think is manifcft
enough : for notwithftanding that his Majeftie hath followed them
in all their defires, and the Prince Electour hath conformed himfclf
to what was demanded, that the Count Mansfelt^ and Duke of Brnn-
ffticks the pretended obftaclcs of the Treatie, are now with all their
Forces removed. No face of an enemy in the Palatinate, but his
Majefties power in the Garrifons ;" All other places repoffefled
which Mansfett had taken. No caufe of continuing any War now,
nor any caufe of jealoufie or fear for the future, confidering his Ma-
jefties fair and honourable offers : yet are they fo far from a cefla-
tion, that they are fallen upon HeUelbergh, and either want the will,
or power to remove the fiege. And all I can get is two Letters of
intreatic from her Highnefle to the chiefs of the Emperour to pro-
ceed no further; and after forae iS.daiesfince I made my propofi-
tion for the Ceffation, I have yet no anfwer : fo that being able to
raifeno more doubts, they make ufc of delayes. I have faid, and
done, and%fed all diligences within my power to bring forth better
effects, and can go no farther ; and therefore I humbly befeech your
Lordfhip that I may have leave to return, when I fhall hear that they
will not remove the fiege at Heidelhergk. For their pretending to
reftoreall, when all is taken, is a poor comfort tome, and as little
honour to his Majeftie ; and how far they are to be believed in that,
is to be examined more exactly then by writing , by weighing how
the weak hopes given me here, agree with the ftrong affuranccs given
by my Lord Digbie out of SJMH.
I hope therefore his Majeftie will be pleafcd to think ic reafonable
Dd to
Sir Richard Weftdn
to fpcak with me, and as your Lordihip hath ever beei a happie and
gentle ftar tome ; fo have I now more need of y ar favourable
afpcd then ever, that his Majeftie may receive my obedience as a
facrifice, and interpret well of all my endeavours, what fucceflefo
ever I bring home with me. Wherein humbly intreating your Lord-
(hips wonted grace andfavour, I humbly kiffc your hands, and vow
unto you the faithful obfervance of
Your Lordftiips
Moft humble and devoted
Zrnxelt 3 d . of Septemb. Servant,
162,2.
Richard
Sir Richard Wcfton to the Dxkc.
May it fle*fcyortr Grace,
Grace (hall addc much to the infinite favours I have recei-
JL ved from you to read a few' lines from me, much more to vouch-
fafetheman anfwer, which I am the more bold to begg, and the
more hopeful to obtain^ becaufel understand by Sir George Goring
thathowfoever I have had many ill offices done me, your Grace will
not eafily depart from that opinion, you have hitherto conceived of
me, for which I humbly thank your Grace, and intrcac the conti-
nuance of it no longer, then I (hall be able to make good the inte-
gritie of my heart unto you. But that, which with ail humi litie, and
importunitie I fue for -at your Graces hands,is to let me know ray Ac-
cufcr, and if your Grace think it unfeafonablc now, that 1 may have
a promife to know him at your return. Whatfoevcr, osjrhow greac
foeverhe be, ( though refped, and reverence of thofe eyes which
4ha!l read thefe lines make me forbear ill language now) I (hall dare
to tell him,whatfoever becomes a wronged innocence to fay. In the
meantime, I dcfpifc him, if there be any fuch that hath accufed/ne
fincc your Graces departure, to have done, or faid, or given wa# to
the hearing Of any thing that may be wrefted to the impeachment of
tny faith and fincerc profeflions towards your Grace; and yet till it
cometothetryal, Irelie (as I wrote to Sir Cjcorge Goring) no lefle
upon your Gnuoc* wifdome and goodfleflc, then iny own iunocencie,
thac
Sir Richard Wefton /* the Tmkt.
that fuch Cal> mnies fhallnotlcffentheeftimationl had with you;
wherein being inoft confident praying for the continuance andf in*
treafe of your Graces honour and happinefle, I remain
Your Graces
Moft humble and devoted
fcrvant,
17. ?*//,
1633.
Sir Richard Wcfton to the Duke.
I Humbly thank your Grace for the MefTagc I received from you
yefterday by Mr. Packer. And withal I humbly befeech your Grace
to belie ve,that no man (hall condemn me more, then I would my felf,
if I had omitted any poffible diligence either to interefr, or acquaint
your Grace with the Commifiion of the Treafurie. Wherein I ap-
peal to Mr. Secrctarie Coway, who firft declared his Majeftics plca-
fure unto me, which I could not afcribc more to any Caufe , then
your Graces favour, and good opinion of me. And at my laft be-
ing with your Grace , I began to fpeak with you of it, but finding
your Grace to grow into fomcindifpofition, I forbore, th inking ic
not only incivilitie, but a violence to hare fpoken any thing of my
fclf to your Grace at that time. This I intreated Sir Cjeorgt Goring
to relate unto your Grace,and withal to renew the profcfiions of my
love and reverence to your Graces perfon, which I had rather make
good by real performances then by words, and therefore I will trou-
ble your Grace no longer upon this fubjeft.
I am now extreamly importuned by the Earl of MMeUefex to fol-
licitchis Majeflieforthe firft teftimonie of his gracious difpofition
towards him. And your Grace remembers , that in the beginning o
his Lordlhips troubles, hisMajeftie commanded roe to deliverunto
his Majeftie, whatfoever his Lordlhip fhould petition of him.
Now I humbly bcfcech your Grace to direft me what to do : Hi
Lordfhip fues for his enlargement, and I know defires to derive that
favour from his Ma, jeftie by your Graces mediation. And I am care-
ful to perform all duties, my obedience to his Majeftie, ray refpe&to
Dd 2 your
204 s ' r Richard Wefton to tit Duke.
your Grace, and my care of him (that rclicth upon r w)beinginaf-
fliftioa.And therefore I humbly befeech yourGracc to vouchsafe me
an anfwer to this particular,bccaufe hisMajeftie goeth from hence to
morrow, and the Earl of Middlcfex will languid* with expectation
till he receive fome comfort from him. And fo continually praying
for the increafe of your Graces health, I remain
Your Graces
Moft humble fervant,
29. May y
1624. " Richard wefion.
Sir Richard Wcfton it the Itokt.
*io-{ rM,-,; .07: 3351 I sgiiftsM 9*fs ia-"l^taO.iao^xridj
AJAjitpletfejour Grtce,
IHavc according to his Majefties Command fignified to me by
Mr. Sccretarie Coowaj, delivered to the Earl of Middlefex hit
Majefties pleafurc concerning his Fine. The news of it didcx-
treamly difmay him,as being far contrary to his expectation. He ufed
not many words j but thereof I having given Mr. Secretarie a parti,
cular account in anfwer of the charge I received from his Ma jcftie, I
will not trouble your Grace with the repetition of them.
The chief caufe of this unto your Grace is, to acquaint your
Grace with a ihort Dialogue that pafTed between Mr. Brett and me
touching his Penfion.
He fent his man to me this week to demand it- to whomi made this
anfwer, That the charge of the ProgrefTe being fettled, I would con-
fider of the payment of his Mailers penfion anaongft others, before
which time I could not in that cafe give fatisfadion to any. He wenc
away with this anfwer,and immediately after(within lefs then a quar-
ter of an hour) Mr. Brett himfelf came to me,and asked me at the firft
word,Whether I had any Command to flay his Penfton.I replied,No
other command then the want of money. He told me, That the
reft of his fcllowes were paid : I faid it was true, I was to have care
of them that immediately followed hisMajeftie, when I was forced
to intreat others to have patience tfll more moncyes came in. He
ikcd me again, Whether I had any Command to ftay his ? I anfwe-
red
Sir Richard VVcfton to tie D*k. 205
,red as before . wherewith he parted from me, as it feemod, not plea-
,fed.
This pcradventure is not worth troubling your Grace withal, but
that becaufe his Majeftic was plcafcd to acquaint me with his juft in-
dignation againft him at VV*nfteed> I would be glad to receive fomc
direction, what anfwer I (hall make upon his next importunitie. And
fo humbly intrcating your Grace ever to number me amongft thofe
that de moft honour and pray for you, I remain
Your Graces
Chtlfo 23. fftfji Moft humble and faithful
1624. fervant,
Ricktrd We ft on.
bnc; v
Sir Richard Wcfton to the Duke.
itfletfe jottr Grace ^
Ididfcarce efteemmy Letter worthie your Graces reading, much
leflfe worthie your paines to anfwer it. It is my duty upon all occa-
fions great and fmall, to pay unto your Grace thofe obfervanccs I
owe you. And when yonr Grace vouchfafes to take knowledge of
them, it is your favour, and therefore I humbly thankeyour Grace-
for vouchfafing an anfwer.
I have according to his Majcfties commandement fignificd by your
Grace unto me, taking the beft order I can about the Wardftiip of
theLadie Cravens Son. The moft of the Officers of the Court of
Wardes being out of the town ,1 have fpoken with Sir TSenjAmin
Ruddier, who aflured me, that there is nothing yet done, nor can be,
till there be a mafter,or that the Officers meet together, and that
he will take care that nothing (hall be done to the prejudice of his
Majeftie.
And for the more Caution, I have commanded the Clerk of
Court, if any man petition, or fuc about the Wardftiip, that there
be no proceeding till he acquaint me with it. This is all can be done
for the prefent , and thereof I think fit to give your Grace account,
in anfwer of the charge I have received from his Majeftie./. And fo-
humbly .
S/VFrancis Coitingtoto totht Vukt
humbly craving leave to kifle your Graces hand*, I wifli ~our Grace
continuall increafe of honour and happineffe, and remain
Your Graces
Moft humble and faithful
CkelfejiX** Servant,
Auguft 1624.
Richard Weft on.
Sir Francis Cottington to the Duke.
it pleafe jour Honour,
MYlaft unto you was of the 23. of September by Mr. Bfrrie,
who that day departed from hence towards England, with-in-
tention to take paflage by Sea from St. Seb*ftians : and although I
conceive, that this conveyance will be much fpeedier (It being by an
extraordinarie difpatched for f landers) yet for that I hold the ochec
to be fure, I will not forbear to trouble your Honour with any re-
petition of that d ifpatch.
The ftrength and boldntfle of the Pyratsfor rather of the Turks) is
now grown to that hieght both in the Ocean,& Mediterranean fcas.as
I have never known any thing to have wrought a greater fadnefle
and diftradion in the Court, then the daily advice thereof. Their
whole Fleet confifts of 40. Sail of tall fliips,of between 200. and
400, tuns a piece ; Their Admiral of 500, tuns. They are divided
into 2. Squadrons, the one of 18. Sail remaining before Malaga
(in fight of the Citie ) the other about the Cape St. Mtrie, which is
between Lisbotte, and Sevil. That Squadron within the Straights
cntred the rode QtMoftil( a Town by iMatagt} where with their ord-
nance , they beat down a part of the Caftle, and had doubtlefle ta-
ken the town, but that from graado there came Souldiers to fuccor
it ; yet they took there divers (hips, and amongft them 3. or 4. of
the weft part of England. Two bigg Englifh (hips they dravc on
(hoar, not paft four Leagues from Malaga and after they went on
(hoar alfo, and burnt them, and to this day they remain before MA-
I*ga 9 intercepting all (hips, that paffe that way, and abfolutely pro-
hibiting all trade intothofc parts of Spain. The other Squadron at
the Cafe St. Marie doth there the like,intercepting all (hipping what-
foever
Sir Francis Coctington t$ tie
foever. TH'y lately race with feven fail of Englifti fliips, (all of
London ^ I k ikeit y but loadenonly with pipeftaves, which they
had taken on the Co aft of Ireland by the way. Five of thefe,viz.
the Marie *sf*ns> the UMarie and /o,the Rebecca^ and Gibbs of SW-
ttw&, and one John Chejnej of London they took, and the other two
cfcaped. They robb'd them onely of their viduals, their Ordnance,
and of fome fayls, and fo let them go, but in their company was alfo
taken a great Ship of Lubeck* fayd to be very rich, which they Hill
keep with all the men. They have few or no Chriflians aboard them,
but all cither Turks, or cJtaw*/,and the moft part are of thofe, which
of late years were turned aut of Spain for Morifcos. They attend (as
itfeems) and as themfelves report to them that have been aboard
them (the coming of the Wtf Indian Fleet, which is now very near.}
But from hence they have commanded the Armada (which was di-
vided into three Squadrons) to be joyned together, and advice is
brought that it is fo, and now confifts of twenty flrong (hipsj 'Don
John Ftxardo (the General) hath alfo exprefTe order to fight with
thcPyrats, not admitting any excufe whatfoever, but the commorr
opinion is here, that we will be able to do them little harm, bccaufc
his {hips are of great burthen, and they will be able to go from him ac
their plcafure. And the other Squadron within the Straights will al-
waiesbeablcto fecure their retreat thither. I doubt not but in my
next difpatch ,1 fliall be able to tell your Honour what Don fah* Fax-.
ardo either hath or will do to them. If this year they fafely return
to drgier (cfpecially if they {hould take any of the Fleet) it is much
to be feared, that the King of Spauts forces by Sea will not be fuffici-
entto reftrain, them hereafter, fo much fweetneflc they find by ma-
king prize of all Chriflians whatfoever.The cJecretary of the Councel
of war, hath hereupon difcourfed much unto me, and by him I per-
ceive, that here is an intention, to move his Majeftie (the King
ou. Matter) that he will be pieafedto joyn fome of his Sea-forces
(upon god terms; with thisKing,for the fuppreffing of thefe Py-
rats,if they (hould hereafter grow,and increafe as hitherto they have
done. Seeing they now profefle themfelves the common enemies of
Chriftcndom. Many reafons he gave me, that he thought mighc
move his Majeftie thereunto ; but that whereon for my part I moft
refleft is, that thefe courfcs of the Pyrats, do but exercife the forces
ofthe King of Spain by Sea, and put an obligation on him by all
mea nes to flrengtben, and increafe his Arm*da t and keep in pradifc
his Sea- fouldiers, without doing him any great harm, for that the
greatefl dammagc will alwayes fall upon the Meschanls that trade
Sir Francis Cottmgton to tie Z>Jk. v
into thofe parts (of which the Engliih will ever be the Created num- I
bcr, and the greateft iofers) And as for the taking of Iiis frect, it is
rot to be imagined, for that befides, that they come very ftrong^
(confifting of 50 great (hips, of which eight "are Gallions of war)
they (hall alwayes be meet, and guarded by the tsfrmaJa. Your Ho-
nour may be pleafed to acquaint his Majeftie with what I here write,
for I perceive it is expeded, that I fhould advertize what the Secre-
tarie hath difcourfcd to me, which I would have done more at large;
but I am ftraightned with want of time. Yet I may not forbear to
advertize your Honour, that the faid Secretarie told me withal, that
the laft year the States defired leave of this King for certain ihips of
war (which they had armed to Seaagainft Pyrafs) might have fafe
recourfe into thefc parts, which was accordingly granted them, but
that inflead of offending the Pjrats, the fame fhips fold in Argeir as
'much Powder, and other warlike provifion (efpecially powder) un-
to the Turks, as furnifhed the forcfaid Fleet which they have now at
Sea, a thing which is here (he fayes) very ill ^taken. I doubt not
'but from Tiemouitt your Honour hath better advertizement (at leaft
more fpeedierj then lean give you from hence, yet have I thought
it fit to advertize you, that in a late ambufh, which the Duke of Sa-
voy had laycd, at Don TedrodeTolledo's entrance into Piemottnt , the
Mtefiro de Campo of the Spaaifi armie was flain j the Son of the
Prince of Afloli was hurt : fo was the Prince QfMorvelet (who ferves
this King there) and many other Captaines> and Gentlemen of note
flain and hurt. They here fay that the number of men DOM Pedro loft
was but few, but their cuftome is to difTemble their lofTes $ howfoever
it is to be conceived, >that when fo many principal men were touched,
the common Souldiers could not well efcape.
AtLisbone there is>arrived two Caracks, and a Gallion from the
Eap-Indies, the Caracks very rich, and much richer then in former
years, but (as in a former Letter I advertifed you) two others as
rich as they, and that fhould have come in company with thefe, were
caftaway coming home.
'Don RoderigoCalderon (now the Marqueffe^ Las Sietelgleftas) is
fuddenly commanded from this Court, and confined to a fmall Vil-
lage, and Judges are appointed to examine by what means he is fo
fuddenly grown to fo great an eftate (which in my time is rifen from
nothing to above 60000. Duckets a year rent, befides ah infinite
treafure in moveables) and doubtlefle fomeheaviefentcnce will fall
upon him, for he hath many enemies, and I underftand that the Duke
of Lerma hath much withdrawn his favour.
New
The Lord ri fount Rochfort u tie Duke". 20 p
^s of Soldiers are here raifed for the Governour of
and 30. Companies arc ready to beembarqued at Wrafw,
where the Gallics attend them.
Here is lately come hither one who calls himfelf Sir J
ttel a Scotch ma n^ and faycsheis Coufin germantotbe Earl of Ar-
guile-. I have not feen him, but I hear he difcourfes of his breaking
out of the Caftlc of Edenbartmgk^ of the unjuftnefTc of his imprifon-
-ment there, of his integritie in the Popes Religion, and fo dcfires to
be entertained into this Kings fcrvice, which doubtleffe he (hall
obtain if he can make it here be believed, that he hath a true fugi-
tives heart.
My Lord Rojfe is now much hearkened after, and they think he
ftaies very long. By the ordinaric (God willing) I (hall write again
to your Honour. And fo for this time I humbly take my leave
//<iflViWthefir(rof to be Commanded
Oftob.
Your Lordftiips
s Commandei
Fran* Cottington*
The Lord recount
Buckingham.
Mj
IHave received great wrongs about my Lord of Oxftrd by reports,
which can find no authour : yet have they wrought fuch imprefii-
ons in the hearts of fome, that it is hard to remove tbofe Calumnia-
tions : for divers are pofTeffed, that I am to be his accufer, which is
fo ftrange, and fo malitioufly bruited, that it is fomewhat fufpeded ;
yet know I not any one particular) for which he is in the Tower, nei-
ther if I knew any fuch flip (in fo noble a perfon as might defcrvc the
Kings difpleafure) would my nature give me leave to play the Infor-
mer, except it necrly concerned the fafettc, or the honour of my
King, and then fhould my difcoveriebe publiqueto the face, and
not private behind the back, for that I account too bafe to be found
faultie in.
E Sorry
zW Vifaunt Rochfort U the Duke.
Sorry I am to be fo much as fuipeded, but fince ill uilpofed per-
fons will raifc ill rumours without any ground, theclcernefTe of
my heart is fufficicnt content unto me; and as my heart hath been
tlwaics moft faithful and watchful to do you fervice j fo good my
Lord, let me intreatyou, that for my fake, my Lord of Oxford may
receive fome teftimoniesof your great favour for his fpeedy enlarge-
ment, and that it may appear, you are the more willingtodo it, for
my earneft intreatie. My Lord, you (hall not onely hereby oblige
all my Lord of Oxford's friends, but likewife the Lady Dian*t , who
doth lofe a great deal of precious time by my Lords imprifonmcnr,
and therefore let all be arguments to excite your noble heart to pro^
cute his freedoms, And fo I JtifTe your hands, and reft
More yours
then his own,
H.R.
Peftfcrip.
T)Ray make all hafte from SpMn t for neither are your pleafures and
JT contents fo great there, as you may find them here, neither have
youfo faithful friends there as youdcferve but fare I am you have
many falfe ones, tor I have work enough both in Court and Citie
tofalfifie their reports of you; yea fome of them (about women)
very bafc ones, and much tending to your great dishonour. . And ic
goes currant among very great ones , that the Prince hath been
fomewhat difpleafcd with you of late; I have fcnt you another
Letter of larger contents, and I (hould be glad to hear from
you..
: , v.
bjUa>3fi-
SIX
James wP^Grcgoric i^. 30. Septem-
ber, 1622.
by the Grace of God King of great Brittain , France and
Ireland, Defender of the faith, &c. To the moft Holy Fa-
ther Pope Gregoricthc the 15 th . greeting, and all manner
of Fclicitic.
Moft Holy Fttber,
V7 Our Holinefle will perhaps marvel, that we differing from you
JL in point of Religion ftiould now firft falute you with our Letters.
Howbeit fuch is the trouble of our mind for thefe calamitous difcords
and bloudfheds, which for thcfe late years by part , have fo mifera-
bly rent the Chriftian World, and fo great is our carc v and daily fol-
licitude to flop the courfc of thefe growing evils betimes, fo much
as in us lies, as we could no longer abftain, confidering that we all
worfhip the fame moft blefled Trinitie, nor hope for falvation by
any other means, then by thebloud and merits of our Lord and Sa-
viour Chriftjcfusj but breaking this filence to move your Holineflc
by thefe our Letters friendly and ferioufly, that you would be pleafed
together with us to put your hand to fo pious a work, and fo worthy
of a Chriftian Prince.
Iris truly to be wiftied, and by all means to be endeavoured, that
this mifchtef creep on no farther, but that thefe ftorms at the laft
ceafing,and the rancor being rcmoved,by which they were at the firft
raifed, the hearts of thefe Princes, whom it any way concerns , may
be re-united in a firm and unchangeable friendftiip, and as much as
may be knit together in ftri&er obligations then before^onc unto an-
other.
This we have alwaies had in our deiires, and to bring it to paife,
have not hitherto fpared any labour, or pains, not doubting but your
Holinefle out of your fingular pietie, and for the credit and autho-
ritie that you have with the parties, both may and will further this
work in an extraordinary manner. No way can any man better me-
rit of the ftate of Chriftendome, which if it (hall take the defircd
effed in your daies , and by your affiftance your Holineffe (hall
worthily reap the glorie and the reward due to fo excellent a
work.
E c a
s x* ftp* Grcgoric tie 1 5*
That which remains for us-fortfter to fay concerning this matter^
ihis Gentleman our Subjed QewgeGtge will cteliver unto you more
at large. Praying your Holinefic,that you will give him in all things
foil credence and belief, befecching AlmightieGod from our heart
to prcferve you in fafetie, and to grant you all other happineffe.
From our Palace at Hamfton Court the laft of Seprcmb. 1 622,.
Pope Gregoricffo i^ h . to t be Pr fact tf Wales*
ootle Prince, Health And light of Divine Grace t &c.
Reat Rrittain abounding with worthy men, and fertile virtues, fo
VJthat the whole earth is full of the gloric of her renown, induceth
many time* the thoughts of the great Shepherd to the confederation
of her praifes. In regard that prefently in the infancie of his Church,
the King of kings vouchfafed tochoofe her with fo great affection
for his inheritance, that almoft it feems there entred into her at the
fame time the Eagles of the Roman Standard, and the Enfigns of the
GrofTe. Andnot few of her Kings indoctrinated in the true know-
ledge of Salvation gave example of Chriftian pietie to other Na*
lions, and after- ages, preferring the Crofle to the Scepter, and the
defence of Religion to the defireof Command, So that meriting
heaven thereby (the Crown of eternal blifle) they obtained likewife
upon earth the luftre, and glorious ornaments of fanftitie. But in
this time of the rittaicks Church,how much is the cafe altered f yet
we fce.thattothisday the Englifti Court is fenced and guarded with
moral virtues, which were fufficient motives to induce us^o love this
Nation, it being fome ornament to the Chriftian name, if it were
likewife a defence and fanctuarie of Catholiquc virtues.
Wherefore the more the gjorie of your moft Serene Father, and
the property of your naturalldifpofitiondelighteth us, the more ar;
dently we defirc, that the gates of Heaven Should be opened unto
you, and that you ftiould purchafe the univcrfal Jove of the Church..
Bor whereas,that the Bifhop Oregon* the Great of moft pious memo*
rie introduced amongft the Englifh people, and taught their Kings
the Gofpel, and a reverence to the Apoftolictl Authority, we much
inferiour to him. in virtue, and fanctity, as equal in name, and height
Oifdignity fl it isreafon we (hould follow bis mod hply ftcps, and
procure.
Pope C rcgorie tfa 5 1 th . to the Trince of Wales. 21 5
proc"fe the faivatior of thofc Kingdomcs, efpcciallic (moft Serene
Prince) there being great hopes offered co us at this time of foinc
fucceffcful ifiue of your determination.
Wherefore you having come to Spain and the Court of the Ca-
tholique King, withdefireto match with thehoufe of xf */?>.*, it
feemedgeodto ufe moft affcftionatetly to commend this your in*
tent, and to give clear teftimony, that at this time your pcrfon is the
moft principal care that our Church hath. For feeing you pretend to
match with a Catholique Damofel, it may ealily be prefumed, that
theantient feed of Chriftian pietie, which fo happilic flourifhed in
the minds of Briti/k Kings, may by Gods Grace reverberate in your
breaft. For it is not probable, that he, that dcfires fuch a wife,
(hould abhor the Catholique religion, and rcjoyceat the overthrow
of the holy Rom**e Church. To which purpofe we have caufcd con-
tinual prayers to be made, and moft vigilant orifons to the Father of
Lights for you (fair flower of the Chriftian world, and only hope of
great Brittain) that he would bring you'to the poflefiion of that
moft Noble inheritance, which your Anceftors got you by the de-
fence of the Apoftolique authority, and deftrpftion of monfters of
haerifies. Call to memorie the times of old ask your forefathers,.
and they will (hew you what way leades to heaven, and perceiving
what path mortal Princes pafle to the Heavenly Kingdom,behold the
Gates of heaven open. Thofc moft holy Kings of England^ which
parting from Rome accompanied with Angeis, moft pioufly reve-
renced the Lord of Lords,and the Prince of the Apoftlcs in his Chair.
Their works and examples are mouthes wherewith God fpeaks, and
warneth you, that you {hould imitate their cuftomes in whofe King-
domes you fuccced.
Can you fuffer that they be called Herctiqucs,and condemned for
wicked men, when the faith of the Church teftifieth, that they
reign with Chrift in Heaven, and are exalted above all the Princes
of the Earth, and that they at this time reached you their hands
from that moft blefled Country,and brought you fafeiy to the Court
of the Catholique King, and defirc to turn you to the womb of the
Church ; wherein praying moft humbly with moft unfpeak
able groans to the God of mercy for your falvation,to reach you the
arms of Apoftolical charity to imbrace moft lovingly your children,
fo often de(lred,and to poynt out as it were with a finger the blefTed
hopes of Heaven. And truly you could do no aft of greater com-
fort to all Nations of Chriftendom, then to return the poflefiion of'
ihofc moft Noble Ifles to the Prince of the Apoftlcs, whofe autbori- -
tyy
The Princes ufatr to the* Popes Nuntio &c.
ty for fo many ages was held in EngUnd for the defence of the King-
dom, and divine Oracle, which wiUnotbeuneafictodo ifyou open
your brcaft (upon which depends the profperity of thofe Kingdoms)
to God who is knocking. And we have fo great cjefire of the ho-
nour and exaltation of your Royal Name, that wewifti, that you
(hould be called through thee whole world(togethcr with your moft
Serene Father)the Freer of Great #m<,and reftorer of her antient
Religion. Whereof we will not lofeall hopes, putting them in
mind in whofc hands the hearts of Kings lie, and he that rules all na-
tions of the world, by whofe Grace we will with ajl pofiiblc diligence
labour to effect it. And you cannot choofe but acknowledge in thcfc
Letters the care of our Apoftolical charity to procure your happi.
nefle, which it will never repent us to have written, if the reading
thereof (hall at leaftwife ftir fome fparks of Catholiquc religion in
the heart of fo Great a Prince, who we defire may injoy Eternal
comfors, and flourifli with the Glorie of all virtues. Given in
Rome'mtht Palace ofSf. Tfto-thezo. of April 1623. In the third
of our PontipcAdo.
o the Popes Nuntio that brought kirn
this Letter. *
IKifle his Holinefle Feet for the favour and honour he doth me,
fo much the moreefteeraed, by how much the leflc defcrvcd of me
hitherto. And hisHolinefle (hall fee what I do hereafter, and
I think my Father will do the like. So chat his Holinefle (hall not
repent him of what he hath done.
Tie Prince tf Wales IU Reply to tfa Popes Letter.
Moft Holy Father,
I Received the Difpatch from yoar Holinefle with great content,
and with that rcfpcd which the pietie and care wherewith your,
Holinefle writes, doth require : It was an unfpeakable pleafure to
me to read the generous exploits of the Kings my predeccflburs, in
whofc memoric, poftcrity hath not given thofc praifes and Elogies of
honour as were due to them: I do believe that your Holinefle hath fee
their examples before my eyes, to the ead I might imitate them inali
my
the Prince cf Wales^/V Rf fly to tbe Popes Letter. 215
*_, my actions, for in truth they have often expofed their eftates and
.lives fin die exaltation of the holy Chair; and the courage with
Jwhich they have affaulted the enemies of the Crofle of Jefus Chrift,
hath not been lefle then the care and thought which I have, to the
end that the peace and intelligence which hath hitherto been wanting
inChriftendom, might be bound with a true and ftrong concord:
for as the common enemy of the peace watcheth alwaies to put hatred
and diffention amongft Chriftian Princes, fo I believe that the glory
of God requires that we ftiould endeavour to unite them : And I do
not efteem it a greater honour to be defcended from fo great Princes,
then to imitate them in the zeal of their piety. In which it helps me
very much to have known the mind and will of our thrice honoured
Lord and Father, and the holy intentions of his Catholique Majeftie
to give a happy concurrence to fo laudable a defign: for it grieves him
exceedingly to fee the great evils that grow from thedivifion of
Ghriftian Princcs,which the wifdom of your Holinefle forcfaw,when
it judged the marriage which you plcafed to defign between the In-
fanta of Spain and my felf,to be neccflary to procure fo great a goodj
for 'tis very certain, that I (hall never be fo extreamly affectionate to
any thing in the world, as to endeavour alliance with a Prince that
hath the fame apprchenfion of the true Religion with my felf -.There-
fore I intreat your Holineffe to believe, that I have been alwaics very
far from Novelties, ortobeapartifanofany faction againft theCa-
tholick, Apoftolick Roman Religion : But on the contrary, I. have
fought all occafiom to take away the fufpition that might reft upon
me, and that I will imploy my felf for the time to come, to have but
one Religion and one Faith, feeing that we all believe in one Jcfus-
Chrift. Having refolvcd in my felf, to fpare nothing that I have in
the world , .and to fuffer all manner of difcommodities, even to the
hazarding of my cftatc and life, forathingfo pleafingunto GodU
It refts onely that I thank your HolinefTe, for the permiffionyou
have been pleafed to afford me, and I pray God to give you a blef-
fed health and his glory after fo much pains which your HolinefTe
takesin his Church, Signed,
C&tr/es Steward,
The Pops to tbt Z)*fc *f Buckingham.
P.P. XV.
Nobleman , health and the light of Divine Grtce.
THe authority wherein we have understood your Noblencfie to
flourifh in the 'Brittijh Court, is accounted not onefy the reward
of your merits, but alfo the patronage of virtue ; certainly an ex-
cellent renown, and every way fo worthy, that the people defirc a
diuturnity to be annexed unto it. But it is almoft ineffable, what an
incrcafc of glory thoroughout the world would be annexed unto it,
if by Gods favour it (hould become the defence of Catholiquc Re-
ligion.
Certainly you have gained an opportunity by which you may io-
fertyour felf into the Counccls of thofe Princes, who obtaining an
immortal name, have attained the Ccleftial Kingdom.
Suffer, not then (O Nobleman) this occafion prcfented to you
from God,and commended by the Bilhop of Romero flip oat of your
hands.
You that are privie to their royal Councels cannot choofe but
know in what eftate the affaires of tfrrt/a/a at this time ftand, and
with what voyccs of the Holy Ghoft (fpeaking in them) they daily
found in the ears of your Princes. What Gloric would redound unto
your Name,if by your exhortation and pcrfwafion,the Englifh Kings
(hould again recover their Celeftial inheritance of that Gloric left
unto them by their Anceftours in thofe Kingdomes in abundant
manner, by providing for the incrcafc of Gods Worlhip, and by not
only dcfending,but propagating the jurisdiction of the Pontifical au-
thority. There have been many, and (hall be hereafter, whom the
bonntie of Kings hath enriched with fading riches, and advanced to
envied titles, and yet mindful pofterity will not celebrate your name
with eternal Prayfes for having attayned thefe : but if your Councels
(hould reduce thofe mod powerfnl Kings and people unto the bofom
of the Roma/te Church , the name of your Noblenefle would be writ-
ten in the book of the living, whom the torment of Death toucheth
not,and the Monuments of Hiftories, (hall place you amongft thofe
wife men in whofc fplendor Kings walked j but with what comforts in
this life, and what rewards in the life to come, God who is rich in
mercy would reward you, they eafily fee, who know the art, and
force by which the Kingdom of heaven is conquered.lt is not only
our Pontifical charity f to whofe care the falvation of mankind per-
ta-ineth)
To Ms Sured <MA\iH\t ab ignotot i 17
-tainethj but alfo the piety of your Mother, who as (he brought you
into the world, foflic defircth to bear you again to the Romane
Church, which (he acknowledgeth for her mother, that moved us
to defire, that you were made Partakers of fo great felicity. There-
Tore when our beloved fon the religious man DiAacusdeU Fitentt^
who hath wifely adminiftred the affaires of your Princes in this Ci-
ty) prepared his journie for S/><*/, we commanded him to come unto
your Noblcnefle, and prefent thefe our Apoftolical Letters, by which
the Greatnefle of our Pontifical charity, and the defire of your fal-
vation may be declare d.Your Noblcnefle may therefore heare him
as the interpreter of our mind, and as one indued with thefe virtues
which have won him the love of forraign nations being a Catholique,
and religious pricft : He certaincly hath reported thofe things of you
in thefe parts of the world, that he is worthie to be imbraced of you
with fingular affedion, and defended by your authority being a fer-
vantto the Glorie, andfalvation of the Brittijb Kings, and people.
This thing truly will we pray for to the father of mercies that he
will open to your Noblenefle the gates of his Coeleftial kingdom, and
afford you frequent Documents of his Clemency. Given at Rome at
S*. cftfrfrsV the Greater under the Ring of the Fifherman the 19. of
May. 1623. and of our Pofedom the third,
John Cktmpolu*.
To bis Sacred cflf4/>J?/>abignoto.
My mofl Gr4tiotts *,
THefe things which your Majeftie did lately command to be
fpoken unto you, and now to be repeated in writing, arenoc
fuchas they can be made bylegal and Judicial proofes , both be-
caufe they by whofe teftimony they may be confirmed,do for fear of
a moft potent advcrfarie withdraw themfelves. And alfobecaufe
they think it a crime to come into the Embaftadours houfe,yea even
they are afraid to do it, who have commandement from youfMaje-
ftie- but neither was it lawful for the Embafladours themfelves to
fpeak thefe things, efpecially not to fuch as they directed, when the
order of the affaires required it, because they had never the freedom
to fpeak unto your Majcftic, and no audience was given or granted
Ff tbeni
<JMajeJhe ab ignoto.
them in the abfence of tht Duke of Buckingham. An example certain-
ly nnufual with other Kings, and never to be tiken kj goou part r un-
lefleitbe perhaps, when the King himfelf" wa'nting experience, and
being of weak judgment and nowifedom,fomeone,thatis familiar,
and inward with the King, a man wife and circumfpcct, of great
judgment and no lefle experience, fupplies the Kings place. But here,
when all things go prepofteroufly , and the King himfelf being a
moft prudent, and experienced Prince, he that is familiar, or favorite
doth in ail things fhew himfelf, a rafh, hcadie young man,a Novice
in managing of bufinefTc, and to the Crown of Spain moft offenfive.
Certainly by all /uft right, this man was to be kept away from the au-
dience of the Embaflfadour of the State. We may alfo be bold to fay,
that his prefence fo earneftly defired of him doth argue a great fear
HI him. and agreatdiftruft in him, as well of his own upright confci-
ence, as alfo the Kings wifdom. Hence therefore it is come to pafle,
that your Ma jefties moft faithful VafTalsdare notfomuch as indi-
rectly difclofe their minds to the King, though they take it in very ill
part, that a very good King (hould be driven into fuch (heights. And
that a man pleafing himfelf inhis.own defigns, fhould ule the fa-
vours of Princes fo finifterly , that he doth of fet purpofe ftir up
breach of friendfhip,and enmity between moft Mighty Kings-
Befides, who can without a difcontented mind endure, that the
greateft affaires , and of greateft moment (if any in the Chriftian
world can be fo tearmed) fhall be ordered, or concluded at the plea-
fure of your Parliament, and from thence all things carried on with a
headlong violence, at his will and pleafure, and a moft deadly war to
be preferred before a moft happie Peace. When afrneverthelefle, I
am not ignorant, that notfomuch thereftitution of the PAlatinate^
as the very claime to it, will very difficultly be obtained, or recover-
ed by force of armes. Let your Ma jeftie exactly confider a* it ufeth
to do, whether this be not an evident argument of that I have faid ,
that the conference, or treatie about the PtlatinAte was taken from
the CounceJ of State, a fociety of moft prudent men, only forth is
<oaufe,that almoft everie one of them, had with one confent approved
the proportion of the moft Catholique King, and did not find in ic
anycaufcofdiflblving that treaty. Hereupon the Parliament of this
Kingdom was procured by the Duke, becaufe he thought his plots
would be moft acceptable to the Puritans, not without great injury
to your Councel of State, from which he fled, and difclaimed by way
of an appeale, and with fuch fuccefle,that we may be bold to fay, that
iic Parliament U now above the King 5 Nay a wbich is more, that this
daring.
7>&; S4cred J nM*)eJli abignoto.
dartngDukc propounded many things to the Parliament in the Kings
name, your Ms jeftie being neither acquainted with them nor wil-
ling to them. Yea and that he propounded many things contrary to
your Majefties fervice. Who is there that doth not fee, and com-
mend the royal difpofition of the Prince, adorned with fo great en-
dowmcntSjOf his mind,that he doth not in them all (hew,and approve
himfclftobe a very good fon, of a very good King. And yet ne-
verthclefle, that the Duke doth fo much prcfume upon bis favour,
thathecontemneth all men, as knowing that thofe, who are obedi-
ent to his Highnefle, willalfo fubjed themfelves to his will. I would
to God, he did direct thofe his actions, to the good of the Prince.
But that is a thing fo far from the opinion of good men, that they
rather believe, that he, who hath overthrown the marriage with
SfMtMt^rill be of no lefle power to the breaking of any other mar-
riage,and that is it which many do prophefie.
They knew in S/*/*, thatvery fame day, that he had received
Letters from the moft illuftrious Prince Palatine, that he caufed the
procuration to be revoked, and in a few dayes after, when the com-
ming of the forefaid Princes Secretaric, and the confirmation ofhis
hope of having his Daughter married to her Highnefle fon,all things
were utterly dalhcd in pieces, Let your Majeftie have a care of your
felf, and the Prince, and forefee the hurts, and damages, which a man
offucha turbulent humour mayftirup ; whofehcadie fpirit your
Majcftie faith you have noted , and have defircd to mittigate.
A man (I fay) that is ambitious of popular ayr, as plainly appear-
ed in Parliament, when the calling of all odious matter upon your
Majcftie, he did arrogate the thanks of all things that were accepta-
ble, to himfelf.beingftiled the redeemer of his countrie.I fay again,
a man that hath envied fo great a good to the Chriftian world, ar.d
principally to the kingdomcs of /*>^and Spaia, having ufed fome
certain meanes, which do argue, that he aymcdat fuch an end, as
many already do fear, and to prophefie in it the worft event that can
be, if the Puritans defire a kingdome( which they do againft their
wills) they wifti it not to the moft illuftirous Princc,the beft and true
Heir of your Majcftie, but to the Prince P*lti*e, whofe {pie and
Scout Manjfe/t is, what (hew foever he makes. He that makes thefe
things known to your Majcftie difchargeththe part of a good man,
aswell towards God, as your Majeftie, and the illuftirous Prince,
whom it now ftandeth in hand to forefee the vengeance of God pro-
vided by the Dukes plots,and the furie of the Parliament, there ha-*
ving been fo many, and fo great tefti monies, publiftied againft Spti*
ffz contraric
210 'To Ms Sacred <JMa]eflic ab ignoto.
coatrarie to truth, fo many, and fo frequent infamous Libels begot-
ten and brought forth, and many fuch other things^fo full of bitter-
BefTe> andignominie, that they cannot be read evenofourtnemies,
without fome taint upon the En^lifh Nation.
It is moftapparent, and ftories will teftifie,that here Leagues have
been broken by the will and pieafure of them, whom it efpeciallie
concerneth to provide for your peace, and quier,andto wifhfrom
the bottom of their hearts, that after many, and thefc moft happie,
yeares, thatMotto-of yours (blefled be the Peace-makers) might
be verified in Letter of the perfoo of yourMajeftie, andto pro-
pound the fame Counfel to the moft iHuftrious Prince to be imita-
ted, which your Majeftie hath done to the whole world to be com-
mended, and admired.* A happie Prince will he be, if he comes,and
fisccceeds peaceably into the Imeditarie poffeflion of his kingdom,
and which will be of no lefle advantage to him, having his peace
tftabliihed with thofe Princes^ whofe friendftiip and amitie your
Majeftie hath procured, and defervcd. He would certainly love and
commend thofe that hadgivenhim thofe Counfcls of peace. Peace
andtranquillitieareby baereditarie right devolved to the moft illu-
ftrious Prmce,in as much as he is born of the Father, who hath with
fa-much induftrie procured them, not onely to this Ifland, but to
the continent alfo, efteeming them at a higher value, then his king-
domes themfelves.
Which lince it is thus, and that the blood of his Father, which is
in him, and the love wherewith he is carried towards your Majeftie,
land the experience of this your moft happie Government, and that
great example wherewith your Majeftie hath drawn, and won the
Chriftian world to an admiration, and love of you, did all direct the
moft illuftrious Prince with a kind of connatural motion to the fame
Gounfel,and purpofe of pcace,as might have heretofore been likewife
fooped.Certainly this Machination is very ftrong,violent,and mighty,
which doth fuddainely labour to turn him into a dean contrary
courfe.
And queftionlefFe if the very entrance into a war, the war k fclf if
itwant juftice, it will want alfo happie fuccefle. It cannot be un-
known to your Majeftie, that the Duke of Buckingham carrieth him-
felfl fo lofty ; that he would have all men perfwaded that he hathi
and doth exercifc a kind of domihionjover the will of your Majeftie-^
and of his Highnefle.AH things (hall be made manifeft to your Maje-
i*ie, if you .will have them fo ; for there are no t raeanes wanting,
whereby youmay free your yaflaJ from fear ^aad diffidence, who
- 3T1 will
to his Stcrcd Mqeftie ab ignore. 421
will otherwife dare nothing, nor fay nothing, which certainely ap-
pearesfo far to be true,that when all things (landing as ifccy do, it
is an cafie matter to find who will fpcak againft your Majeftic,ycc
there is none that dare fpeak againft the Duke.
Let your Ma jeftio call fome certain men unto you, and fift out of
them, the opinion of the more moderate Parliament, and^nquireof
thofe-thatcome out of Spain, who did firft give the firft caufe of fal-
ling out? whether the Complaints againft the King of Spain be
true,orno? whether that forefaid King were not defirous to fatisfie
the defire of the Prince his Highneffe? Whether bed-id not faith-
fully endeavour to effed the marriage ? Whether the Duke of
Buckingham did not many things againft the authentic and reverence
due to the moft illuftrious Prince ? Whether he was not wont to be
fitting, whilefl the Prince flood, and was in prefence, and alfo ha-
ving his feet rcfling upon another feat, after an undecent manner?
Whether when the Prince was uncovered, whileftthe Queen, and
Infanta, looked out at the Windowes he uncovered hishead,orno?
Whether fitting at the Table with the Prince he did not behave him-
felf unrevcrently f Whether he were not wont to come in to the
Princes Chamber with his cloatheshak on, fo that the doors could
not be opened to them that came to vifit the Prince from the King of
Spain, the Door-keepers refufing to go in for modefties fake f Whe-
ther he did not call the Prince by ridiculous names ? Whether he did
not difhonour and prophane the Kings Palace with bafe and con-
temptible women? Whether be did not divers obfcene things, and
ufed not immodeft gefticulations and wanton Tricks with Players in
cheprefence of the Prince/ Whether he did not violate his faith
given to the Conde O/ivares / Whether he did not prefently commu-
nicate his difcontents, offences and complaints to the Embafladours
ofothcr Princes? Whether in doing of his bufinefle, he did not
life frequent threatenings unto the Catholique Kings Minifters, and
to Apotfoiical Nuns? Whether he did not affed to fit at Playei
prefcnted in the Kings Palace afcer the manner and example of the
King,and Prince,being not contented with the honour that is ordi-
narily given to the High Steward, or Major domo of the Kings houfel .
Befidcs all thefe things which have heretofore been told yourMaje^
ftie, there is yet this more, that is new : .
That the Duke of "Buckingham (with what intention let others -
judge) hath divulged in Parliament fome fecret Treatie negotiated
betwixt your Ma jeftic and the King of Spain touching the affaires o
the fecrefie whereof, tie vcrtheleffe your Majefrie had for <
recommended 4
lithe King, atrignoto.
recommended, that bcfides the King, and the Coude of OKvtrtt | no
man in Sffin knew of it. * \
If the Duke do not appear guilty of all thefe things, let him be ftill
your Majefties mod faithful fervant, and let your Majeftic yet con-
fer upon him greater Honours, if you can. For I would have thefc
things conceived to be fpoken for the fecuritieof your Majeftie;
not for tffihurtofhim, to whom I wifti profperitie, if by him the
Chriftian world might be in profperitie.
It onelyresnaineth, that your Majeftie will be pleafed to take in
good part this my fervice and obedience (hewed to your Comman-
Scmcnts.
To tkcKing, abignoto.
Be(l t tndntoft excellent King^
YOu will wonder that he who at firft protefteth to be neither Pa-
pift nor Puritan, Spaniard nor Hotttnder, or yet in any delirium
fit,(hould prefumc in this Libel-like way, to lay down to your Maje-
ftie the ftrong zeal he bcareth to the fafctie of your Majeftie,and his
Countrie, by (hewing in this dark Tablet (drawn by the worft Pain-
ter) the common opinion of all thofe which arc not poflefled as
above.
They fay, the bufineffe of grcateft confequence, that ever your
Ma jcftie handled, is now at point to go well, or ill. The marriage,
or none, and (as it is carried) a prefent War, or a continued Peace.
The match of your fon, they wi(h you may perfect in your own
time, and think that for the quiet of your felf and Kingdomes, the
(horteft time the bcft : And that this already traced will far fooner
piece, then any new one have beginning and accomplifliment.
They fear this fufpenlion carried by Kittegrew was brought by
Bmki*gh<iri not for what he pretends, and plainly fay, It was not
onely to prevent his Highneffe marriage there, but any where.
Whereby, i. His particular greatnc(Tc may dill (land abfo-
lute.
2. His Wife, and Tribe ftill prefent the Princefle perfon.
3. And your Majeftie be, and remain their Pupil.
The Parliament fo much urged, they fay , is to be a marrying his
Mighcineffe unto the Common Weal, that as your Majeftie is his
good
/ ft tfa Zing, ab igndto,
good Yather^It may be his Motlfer, and fo he ftand not only by the
King, but ^ the People, and popular humour, that he hath lately
fo earneftly courted, -and efpecially from thofc who are noted to be
of the molt troubled humour.
How your Majeftic (hould gain upon a Parliament they cannot
imagine, feeing all are rcfolved to fell your Courtefics at the dcareft
rate both'by ill words, and for double as much again, the humour of
it being fo inconftant, that twenty to one, but thofe very tongues,
which in the laft did cry w ar^ War^ war , will now curfe him that ur-
geth for one poor Subfidie to raifc a War. And miferable is he,thac
is to make a War, or to defend againft it, with money that is to be
given, and gathered from them.
They fay, our Great Duke bath certainly a brave defirc to War,
but in that alfo, he hath fome great end of enriching himfelf, which
he too well lovetb, being carried away with that fwcet found, how
Nottingham gained yearly during that ficknefle 40000 J. by his Ad-
mirals place ; but what his Majeftie gained, they find not in the Ex-
chequer or Kingdome.
Somewhat alfo they fear this his Graces precipitate humour, and
change of humour, hath of pride, to (hew his power as great here, as
isO/ivares his there, as alfo of revenge againft him in particular.
For were it love to his now much beloved Couhtrie, they fay, there
was as much reafon for breach both of the Match,and Peace when the
Parliament urged it, as there is now.
They fay, There is a rumour of his Graces, a match for his M*ry
with the young Palatixe. It is no Gorgon ; and will concern his High-
nefle, if they that are now our beft friends the Hollanders fhould
change their Copie.
In this his Highnefle coming off from Spain, they fay, He hath
advifed him to no worfe then he did himfelf; for how many did he'
deflour, abufe, and coufen with marriage, by his grace in Court,and
power with your Majcftie ?
Infhort, your Subjects that have fence of yourcftate, do moft
earneftly befeech your Majeftie, to have more efpccial care of your
own prcfervation ,then ordinarily you have, both in refped; of the
defperate ftaggering which their Priefts now ftand in, and of your
own Phaeton himfelf, who in truth wanteth nothing of man enough
but a good nature, and being in cuftome to carry all with a high
hand, muft be defperatc if he fail in any yunto ef his violent
Will.
We know yonr Majeftie according to the fwcccncfle and virtue of
youc
your Nature, agreeing with Gods biefled Will, hath long prefer ved
your people in all peace and plentie. And all good and iWiblc peo-
ple pray you even for Gods fake not to be cdufened of your own
life and liberty. Oh be not miflead to trouble your own Kingdoms
quiet, but that after many and many a happic year you may die hap-
pily io peace.
T* his
itptetfe hu moft excellent UMajeflic
' '"Tp'Hat this great oppofition againft the Duke of Buckingham is ftir-
A red up and maintained by fucb, who either malitioufly, or igno-
rantlyand concurrently feek the debafingof this free Monarchic,
which becaufe they find not yet ripe to attempt againft the King him-
felf, they endeavour it through the Dukes fide. Thefc men though
agreeing in one mifchief , yet are of divers forts and humours,
1. Mcdling, and bufie perfons, who took their firft hint at the be-
ginning of Kingdom; when the union was treated of in Parlia-
ment. That learned King gave too much way to thofe popular
fpeeche*, by the frequent proof he had of his great abilities in that
kind.
Since the time of H. 6. thefe Parliamentary difcourfings were ne-
ver fuffered.as being the certain fymptornes of fubfequent rebellions,
civil Wars, and the dethroning of our Kings. But thefe laft 20 years
moft of the Parliament men feek to improve the reputation of their
wifdomes by thefe Declamations, and no honeft Patriot dare oppofe
ttiem,left he incur the reputation of a Fool,or a Coward in his Coun-
tries Caufe.
2. Covetous Landlords, Indofers, Depopulates, and Jufticcs of
the Peace, who have got a habit of Omniregencie, and an hope to
extend the fame againft the King in Parliament, as they do on his
Subjects in the Countrey. Hereby the King lokth 24000 1. in eve-
ry whole Subfidie ; for Anno 1600. it was 80000 1. and now it is
but 56000!. which cometh by the decay of the yeomandry , who
were three and four pound men. And thefe Gentlemen ( moft of
them of the Parliament) do eafe themfelves to afflid thofe who are
the true Commons, and yet perfwadc them, that the grievances are
.caufed by the Duke, and the ill government of the King.
3, Recu-
y abignoto.
3. RccuffJits and Church Papifts, whofc hatred is irreconcilable
' againft the J/juke for the breach of the Spanijb Match. The French
Lady, though' as zealous a Catholiquc, doch not pleafc him, for they
weretyed to Spain by their hopes of a change of Religion that way.
All the Pricfts arc fent from the Spai/b Dominions, and the fons and
daughters pf the Papifts remain as hoftages of their fidelities in the
Colledges and Nunneries of the King of Spain. And though the Pa-
pifts have no place.in the houfc of Commons, yet privately they ag-
gravate all fcandals againft the Duke,to kind/e a reparation between
the King and his people, and avert them from enabling the King to
refift, or be avenged of our great enemy. Remember the courfe held
by thefc men in the Parliament of undertakers ; alfo Dr. Egltfiam
and all the Priefts daily practice libelling againft all great men about
the King.
4. Needy and indebted perfons in both Houfes, who endeavour
by thefe Parliamentary ftirrcs not fo much the Dukes overthrow, a$
arebcHion, which they hope will follow if it be not done. This is
much to be fufpe&ed, as well by their Calumniations againft his Ma-
jeftie, as for their own wants ; many of them being outlawed , and
not able to (hew their heads, but in Parliament time by priviledge
thereof and they know, that there are enough to follow them in the
fame mifchief.
5. Puritans and all other Sectaries , who though fcarce two of
them agree in what they would have, yet they all in general are ha-
ters of Government. They begun in Parliament about Anno 23 . /jf.
and fpit their venom not only againft the Bifhops, but alfo againft
the Lord Chanceliour Hatton, and others, the Queens favour.tes,and
Councellours, as they do now againft the Clergie and the Duke.
But their main difcontentment is againft the Kings Government,
which they would have extinguifhed in matters Ecclefiaftical, and
limited in Temporal. This is a fearful and important Confiderati-
on, becaufe it pretends Confcience and Religion, and they now
more deadly hate the Duke, becaufe he (heweth himfclf to be no Pu-
ritan, as they hoped he would at his return from Spjtn.
6. Malecontents cenfurcd or decourted for their deferts , as the
kindred and dependants of the Earl of Suffolk, and of Sir Henry Tel"
vtrion^ Cokf,Lakf, CMiddlcfex^ though all of thera(the laft cxcepted)
were dejefted by King James without any Concurrencie of the Duke.
Others becaufe they are not preferred, as they do imagine that they
defervc, as the Lord S*j, Earl of Clare , Sir John Eliot^ Seldtn^ and
, Sir Dndlej Diggs, and the Bi(hops of Mrwifh and Lincoln.
C g Thcfc
Thefc, and many others, according to the nature of envy, look upon
every one with an evil eye, efpecially upon the Duke f who either ^
bath, or doth not prefer them to thofe places ,or retain them -in them,
which their ambition expefteth.
7. Lawyers in general, for that (as Sir Edward Co^ could not
but often cxpreflej our Kings have upholden the power of their Pre-
rogatives, and the rights of the Clergie, whereby their comings in
have been abated. And therefore the Lawyers are fie ever in Par-
liaments tofecondany Complaint againft both Church, and King,
and all his fervants, with their Cafes, Antiquities, Records, Statutes,
Presidents, and Stories. But they cannot, or will not call to mind,
that never any Nobleman in favour with his Soveraignwas queftio-
ned in Parliament, except by the King himfelf in cafe of Treafon, or
unlefle it were in the nonage , and tumultuous times of Rich. 2. Hen.6.
or Edw. 6. which happened to the definition both of the King and
Kingdom. And that not to exceed our own,and Fathers memories,
in King Hett. 8. time Wolfies exorbitant power and pride, and Crom-
\vds contempt of the Nobility and the Lawes, were not yet permit-
ted to be difcuffed in Parliament, though they were moft odious and
grievous to all the Kingdom. And that Leicefter's undeferved fa-
vour, and faults ; Hattons inefficiency, and Rtwleigtfs mfolence far
exceeded, what yet hath been (though moft falfly) objected agaisft
the Duke : yet no Lawyer durft abet> nor any man elfe begin any In-
veftives againft them in Parliament.
8. The Merchants and Citizens of London convinced (not by the
Duke, but) by Cranfield and Ingram, to have deceived the King of
Imports and Cuftoms, and defervedly fearing to be called to accompt
for undoing all the other Cities and good Towns, and the poor Co-
lonie ^Virginia , as alfo for tranfporting of our filver into the */?-
Indies ; thefe vent their malice upon the Duke in the Exchtxge, Pauls,
Weftmiafer-Ha/t, with their fuggeftions, and therein they wound,
both to Subjects andftrangers the honour of his Majeftie, and his
proceedings.
p. InnovatorfjTV^Vo/rf, and King-haters. At the latter end of
Queen Elizabeth it was a phrafe to fpeak, yea to pray for the Qaeen
and State. This word {State} was learned by our neighbourhood
and Commerce with the Low- Countries, as if we were, or affeded
to be governed by States. This the Queen faw, and hated. And
the old Earl of Ov/Whis Propofitions at her death, they awakened
3JLingp4i0f.r to prevent this humour,and to oppofe the conditions and
limitations prefcntcd unto him by the Parliaments.
The
'/\ ; To his StcrecP tJMajeftjc ab ignoto^ 227
TheLawyers, Citizens, and WVrern men (who are mofthot in-
fected with^Puritanifmc) flood ftrong againft him under a colour of
Parliament and Parliamentary priviledgcs. His Majeftie therefore
ftrengthened himfelf ever with fome Favourite, as whom he might
better truft then many of the Nobility tainted with this defire of
Oligarchic. It behoveth without doubt his Majeftie to uphold the
Duke againft them, who if he be but decourted, it will be the Cor-
ner ftone on which the demolishing of his Monarchic will be buiided.
For, if they prevail with this, they have hatched a thoufand other
demands to pull the feathers of the Royalty, they will appoint him
Councellours, Servants, Alliances, Limits of his expenccs, Accompts
of his Revenue, chiefly if they can (as they mainly defire) they
will now dazle him in the beginning of his reign.
10. King fames and King Charles \My 9 are the Dukes Accufers ;
(my meaning is, with all humble reverence to their Honours, and
Memories, and to fpcak in the fence of the Houfe of Commons) both
their Ma jefties are CoKJuntta Pcrfota in all the afperfions that are
laid upon the Duke. For inftance, The Parliaments money deflined
for the Wars, fpent in the Treaties, MefTages, Embafladours , and
Entertainments of the Kings marriage, and the burial of his Father,
and the War in the name of the Count Palatine, the Breach of both
the Treaties, which then Canonized the Duke, but now is made evi-
dence againft him ; the Honours and Offices conferred upon him by
King fames, That his Majeftie might with his own Councels direct:
their managing, the fetting forth of the Navy, though to the Duke's
great charge by both their Commandments j the Match with France,
and generally whatfoever hath not been fucceflcful tomens expecta-
tions. All thefe, though the Ads of the Kings, are imputed to the
Duke, who if he fuffcr for obey ing his Sovereigns, the next attempt
will be to call the King to accompt for any thing he undertakes,
which doth not profperouily luccecd as all men would defire it.
If it pleafe his Majeftie to remove, and fet afide all thefe difad van-
tages, He (hall find the Charge laid againft the Duke will prove
very empty, and of fmall moment. And for them, if his Majeftie
and the Duke's Grace think it no impeachment to their Honors,
all that the Parliament hath objeded againft the Duke, is par-
doned at the Kings Coronation, which benefit every poor Sub-
jed en joyeth. Three thing! onely excepted which may moft
eafily bcanfwercd.
'
Gg a
Mr. Ch. Th. fo tk* J)*kc of Buckingham/
MjLord,
TT is intimated to your Lord(hip,firft, that you would procure his
*Majeftic to defirc the Lords to choofc fix ( or fo many as you (halt
think fit) of whom they have moft confidence to attend hjm to mor-
row morning, to whom his Majeftie may be pleafed to declare- That
h hath endeavoured to divert the charges againft your Lordfhip,
becaufe his Majeftie hath had found knowledge, and experience of
the fervJce , and fidelity (though in outward (hew the contrarie
might juftly appear) and becaufe alfo he faw, it was urged with a
great deal of private fpleen, and perhaps not without forne Papifti-
call device of troubling his Majefties bufinefle in Parliament, bus
feeing no futte, or perfwafion could prevail to appeafe the diftempe-
red courfe, his Majeftie is now forced, and fo pleafed to reveal fome
fecrets, and Area** of State, which otherwife in the wifedom of
Kings were unfit to be opened. Here his Majeftie may let them
know,thatthc King his Father finding the Paltttintte more then in
danger to be loft, and after his Majeftie being in Spain, and there
deluded, and his abode, and return, both unfafe. It was a neceffity
of State to fweeten, and content the Sp**i<irds with a hope of any
thing that might fatisfie, and redeem thofe ingagements, and there-
fore willedyourLordftiip to yield difcreetlie to what you (hould find
they moft defired, and this was chiefly the point of religion ; fo as
in this and all of the like kind, your Lordftiip (upon his Majefties
knowledge) was commanded , and but the inftrument trufted by
your Mafter in this exigent, or (if you will) extremitie. And this
with other more Potent overtures (fuch as your Lordfhip beft un-
derftands) may Cancel all thofe objections of that nature, Upon
this- fame ground, though not in fo high a degree, the fending of the
(hips to Rachel may be excufed (and this is not the lead fault ob-
jected in the opinion of the wifcft.) Touching the vaft creation of
Nobility his Majeftie may ask thofe fix Lords (whereof perchance
fome of them may be concerned in this article,) whether they con-
ceive any reafon of King fames his doing hereinjto which I fuppofe,
they .will ftand mute. Then his Majeftie may fay, I will tell you,
and therein difcover a truth, and a fecrct of State. My Father who
was born a King, and had long experience of that Regiment, efpe-
ciallie more tmverfed in this point, then perhaps ever any King,
found that this State inclined much to Popularitie, a thing apparent
mivcrfallie in all the Courts, vii.in that of Star-chamber, which was
at.
f Mr. Ch. Th.w $<?!>//& ^Buckingham,
at firft erected to reftrain the inlolence of Great men, in creatout-
rages, but r*w for every pcttie offence, the meaneft Tennant may be
bold to call thither his 1 Lord. A thing alfo appearing in the fawcie
approaches of the Puritans upon the Biftiops &c ; and plaincly in the
boldneflc of the houfe of Commons againft the Kings pattents , and
edicts, which in all good times (out of their neceffity) have been
powerful. And efpeciallie this humour hath been comforted by the
fturdie exam pie of the Neighbour States of the Low-countries, as
in their infolencies in the E*ftIndict &c. From this place an inticing
voice ha&h founded in our eares of libertie and freedom, though in-
deed a feigned voyce, and(bt in found) unfound.Ifay when the
king my Father had well beheld thcfe things, he could not forefee a
remedie more proper, or eafier.as being unferviceable and in his own
gripe, then to inlargc the number of his Nobles,that thefc being dif-
perfed into feveral Counties might as lambs of Soveraigntie,in pro-
tedion of their own degrecs,and at their own charge inure the peo-
ple with refpcc\and obedience to greatncfle and yet not toamate,
and difcourage thcm T he thought good to raife fomcncer, or of
their own rank, whereby they might fee themfelves in poftibilityof
the like honour, if either by virtue, wealth, or honeftie they make
themfelves worthie. This I proteft was a child of my Fathers bcft
judgment in this poynt,and the Dukebut the inftrument thereof. And
if you fay,that there was mony many times given for thefe Honours,
nay if you fay, that mony hath been given for places of Clergie,
and Judicature ; I pray take this of me, that this isfo in all other
Countries, as in France, and Spain. Andthofe Councels feera a little
tofmilcat OUF dulnefle, that we have fo lately apprehended their
foundncflc herein ; for (fay they) when men pay well for fuch pla-
ces, it is the bcft kind of fecurity for their honefties, efpecially when
fayling in their dutie, they (hall be furc to be as much puniftied as
they were advanced. Howbeit I am not fatisficd in this opinion.
And if it befaid that the King fhould have had the mony, which the
Duke took to his own ufe ; I believe this laft is more, then any can
prove, neither will I deliver what I know therein. Howfoever, ic
matters not much being no popular difburfment. Only this I will
fay, that I know the Dukes particular fervice, and affection to me,
and that he, and his will lay down themfelves, and all they have at
my Feet. Neither is this bare opinion, fince the Duke alone hath
diburfed, and (lands engaged more for my affaires, and the States,
then any Number of Noblemen of JW/Wwhatfoever,and therefore
there
Mr. C h. Th. U tie Ditke ef Buckingham,
there is reafon , that from a King he would receive Ms own and
more.
And now (my Lords) fincel have thus far opened a Kings Ca-
binet unto you at leaft by the meafure of this foot of anfwer, you
may difcover, what maybe faid concerning that great bodie, and
bulk of accufations of the Higheft kind made againft the Duke. I
defire you would take it to heart, remembring, that it is your King,
that fpfcaketh th is, who therefore expcds your fer vice, and love here-
in,and who will requite the fame afluredly ; hoping you will believe
me indeed,and do accordingly indeed, and that you will alfo reft affo-
rd, that my fpirit is not fo young (though a young King)as that I
would bring this teftimony in mine own wrong, were not that I fay,
true in my own .knowledge. And being fo, you alfo will grant, that
it is not for a King to ufe. his Servant, and Inftrtiment as he doth his
Horfes, which being by hard riding in his fervice foundrcd,and la-
med, to turn them off to grafle, or to the Cart. I muft therefore in
right of the King my Fathers Honour and my own . protect a man
if chough I have faid juftly feeming guiltie, yet) in mine own know-
ledge innocentjand free as I have delivered it ; will you then deny the
King to favour whom he pleafe, which the King hath never denyed
you, that are his fubjeds ? will you controle me your Head and Go-
vernor in things wherein your felvcs have taken liberty uncontrol-
cd ? would you that I fhould require accompt of your liberalise ?
nay of all your failings, which are liable to my authority ? we 11 com-
mend me to my Lords, and tell them, that if any thing had been
formerly done amifle by others,! have power, and will to redrefle it,
and to prevent the like. I fpeak it in the word of a King, neither
Lords, nor Commons can defire of me any thing that is honefr,
which I am not ready to give them. Let not therefore the world
by thefe miftakings make Table-talk any longer of your King and
his negotiations ? nay of his fecrets and neceffities for alas what
great wrong, or indignity can the Glorie of the State receive, then
that the private grudges of fubje6ts (accufing to the ignorant, when
in their confciences they could excule) fhould be the bufineflc of our
Parliament, and that the Kinghimfelf fhould be forced to appear
as a partie ? No doubt this is a Cocatrice cgge t that craftie heads
of our enemies feek to hatch , whileft the weightie affaires
that in prcfent concern the Honour , and welfare of the King
and State , and the peace of all Chriftendome arc by us utterly
ncjgleded.
I
UVr. Ch, Th. u the Duke ^Buckingham.
* I end, hoping your Lordfhip (now privy tothefe things) will be
tenderof yc ar Sovereigns honour, and will fo fatisfie, and treat with
the reft, th? : thofe particular janglings may be by fome other courfe,
and in fomc other place and time difcufied and determined, thatfo
our minds and time may be employed in the care of better things,
which earneftly invoke our ayd at this inftant.
Thus much fpoken, or written, or the like, (for I feek but to awa-
ken yonr Lordfhips higher fpirit and invention) I conceive it may
get this effecl: : Thatthcfe 6. Lords won by thefe reafons, and by
other the Kings invitations, may deliver to the Houfe, that for their
parts, they have received unexpected fatisfa&ion in thofe greateft
points of the accufation againft your Lordfhip, and of fuch fecreE
nature as are not fie to be publifhed without further deliberation.
Wherefore fince it pleafed their Lordlhips, to have made choycc of
them to be trufted in this imployraent, they have faithfully ferved ac-
cordingly, and do upon their Honours freely, and without any in-
gagement or refpeft, proteft the fame. And therefore humbly defire
their Lordfhi ps, that they would intreathis Majeflie to be President
in advice with their Lordfhips : What further were to be done in
this private Contention betwixt your Lordfhip and the Lord 'Digbie ;
which obtained, fomething may then follow for your Lordlhips
good, by yeelding up that Caufe into the Kings hands. And his
Majeflie hath great reafon to bend it that way , becaufe it is concei-
ved, that the Lords will be loath to admit the King to be fupream
Judge, and Accufer; which point will much touch his Ma jeftie. And
his Ma jeftie were better give fome eafe to the Lord Digbie, then per*
mitthatdifpute.
And now for rayfelf, I befeech your Lordfhip to pardon my
flrangeboldnefTc; I know I am a mere ftranger to you, and if ever
you have heard of m, it muft be as of a friencf of fuch you then did
not love. I know it fhewes me a medler in bufinefTe, or an infinua-
tor, which are fufpitions, that may diftaft you, and make you fufpe&
my pretences, though they were not altogether witleffe. I know
this difadvantage, and am in my own nature offended for putting rny
felf thus into your notions. But yet I refolved to undergo all this;
Firft, becaufe you made my Brother a Captain in * Ireland, who had
otherwife perifhed. Next, for the favour you did to my Lord of
Northumberland, and the retiring of disfavour from my Lord of Sow-
merfet, And laftly, for your firm hand, that advanced the now Lord
Treafurer. To all which Lords I am familiarly known, and bound,
231 Mr. Ch.*fh. to lit Vttkwf Buckingham.
But(necreft to you) your Lordftiip may hear of me fror. the Lord
Treafurer. \
I am confident of your Lordfhips noble iftterpretatiln, fince I
feck no ends, no acquaintance, no other thanks, being one that have
no Court- fuits to your Lordlhip; but being one that loves not rutnef,
(which my friends have tailed) nor that the pubJiqueftiould wreftle
with a private Inturn of Spleen. And I offer it but as a fimplicity,
yet with good will enough ; for what can a man, that is not privy to
the Elements of State, demonftrate any conclusion thereof j yet I
hear fometimes how the world goes as other men do.
I conceive I havefaid fomething to your Lordftiip, and though
perhaps (hort, yet enough to occafion, and ftir up your deeper
thoughts. I afro may have deeper, but alfo I know ,that little pinncs
of wood do fuftain the whole building. More I could have faid
touching the other points, but thefe grcateft elided, the fall of the
others may be eafily directed. What I have faid againft thofe ob-
jedionsl touched, doth arife from grounds of truth, and they muft
win, and prevail, and my conceit is fitted to the Kings part, and to
the occasions now on foot.
I humbly ceafeyourLordfhip further trouble, and wtfh you all
, defining your Lordftiip alfo to pardon my tedious and hafty
ibled hand.
Your Lordfliips unknown
fcrvant,
Cb. Tb.
good
fcribl
YOur Lordftiip (hall be pleafed to take off forae part of my bold-
nefie, and impute it to the obligation and fervice I owe this
worthy Lady, the Bearer.
To
To Cetwt Gondomar.
Mj Lord,
I Thought my hands bound chat I could no fooner have occafion to
write unto you, being forced againft my will to delay my writing
from day today in expedition of the news of your arrival at that
Court, afluring my feJf, thar I ftiould then receive from you forac
ground whereupon to write. But after a long cxpence of time be-
fore that I could hear of your arrival, and in the Pacquct that his
Majcftics Embafiadour fent thereafcer,receiving no Letters nor word
from you as I expected, I do now by thefe break my long filence unto
you.
As for news from hence , I can in a word aflure you, that they
are in all points, as your heart could wifb: for here is a King, a
a Prince, and a faithful friend and fervantunto you, befidcs a number
here, that is fo (harp fet upon the bufincflc, as it would much com-
fort you to fee it, and her there to hear it. Here are all things pre-
pared upon our parts j Priefts and Recufants all at liberty : all the
Roman Catholiques well fatisfied, and which willfeema wonder
unto you, our Prifons are emptied of Priefts and Recufants,and filled
with zealous Minifters for preaching againft the Match for no man
can fooner now mutter a word in the Pulpit though indirectly againft
it, but he is prcfently catched, and fet in ftraight prifon. We have
alfo published Orders both for the Univerfities, and the Pulpits, that
no man hereafter (hall meddle, but to preach Chrift crucified ; Nay
it fliall not be lawful hereafter for them to rail againft the Pope, or
theDodrine of the Church of Rome further then for edification of
ours ; and for proof hereof you (hall herewith receive the orders fee
down, and publifhed. But if we could hear as good news from you,
we fhould think our felvcs happy men; but alas! Now that we have
put the ball at your feet, although we have received a comfortable
Difpatch from his Majefties Embafladour there ; yet from all other
parts in the world,the effects appear dircdly contrary. For Mr. Gage
brings us news from Rome, that the difpenfation there is at a (land,
except a number of new Conditions be granted, which we never
dreamed of, and fome of them can tend to no other end, but to bring
our Matter in jealoufic with the greateft part of his Subjects ; nay
H h which
To Count Gortdomar.
which is ftrangeftof all, we find fome points yeclded anto by u?,
(which would have given the Pope good fatisfaction) t > be concea-
led from him by the King your Matters miniflers there. We were
never more troubled to put a good face upon an ill Game, then we
were upon <j*ge's arrival here, which in your phrafe is to put a good
Jauce to an unfavoury difh.
For the whole world being in expectation of bringing the Difpen-
fation with him,we are now forced to make him give it out here to all
his friends, that 'tis paft in Rome, and fent from thence to Spain. And
from Bruffels we find, that notwithftanding , both of the King your
Matters promifes, and undertaking of the Infanta there, who hath
long ago acknowledged to have had power from the Emperour for
grantingof this long- talked of Ceflation, yet now after innumera-
ble delayes on her part, Heidelbergh is beficged by Count Tillej, and
that at fuch a time, as his Majeftie cannot imagine what ground or
fhadow of excufe can be found for his Commifllon. For the Treaty
hath been twice reformed at her defire, and all the Auxiliaries fuch
as Brtnfivick. and Alansfelt have taken another courfe : His Maje-
fties fon in law ftaying privately in Sedan, ready to obey all his Ma-
jefties directions j and the places in the Palatinate, which are not
already in his enemies hands, being onely pofTeffed by his Majeftics
Souldiers. So as now if the War (hall continue, it muft be directly
between the Emperour, and our Mafter, his Majeftie having fent a
Commandment to his EmbafTadour at 'Brttffe/t, that if Tittej will
needs go on with that iiege,that he return hither with all fpeed. For
his Majeftie in honour cannot endure, that whilcft he is treating for
a cefTation of Arms at Bruxels, the Wars (hould go on in the Pafati-
>wff,efpecially when they have no body to invade, but his Majeftics
own Subjects and fervants ; And indeed his Majeftie thinks he is
very ill dealt wfthal, for all that great fincerity and candour, where-
with he hath conftantly carried himfelf from the very beginning of
this bufinefle, that no leffe can fatisfic the Em pcrours revenge then
the utter extermination of his children both of honour and inheri-
tance, and not without adirect breach of his former promife, avow*
dly fet down in his laft Letter to his Majeftie.
And nowletmel pray you in the name of your faithful fricnd,and
Servant, befeech you to fet apart all partialitie in this cafe, and that
you would be pleafed indifferently to confider of the ftreightswe
are driven into, if the Emperour (hall in this faftiion conquer the
JMtefcWJ^tht antient inheritance of his Majeftics children : what
eta be expected but a bloudie and unrecondleable war between the
Emperour,
Ti Count Gondomar. 235
Emperour, And my Mafter wherein the King of Spat* can be an Auxi
iliarieto 'tie Emperour againft any other partie but his Ma/eftie.
And there tore as my Mafter lately offered to the Infanta for fatis-
fadion of her defire, that in cafe the Auxiliaries would not be con-
tented with reafon, but ftill perturbc the treatie, he offered in that
cafe to aP.ift theEmperour and her againft them ; fo can he in ju-
ftice expcd no lefle of the King your Mafter, that if the Empe-
rour will contrarie to all promifes both by his Letters, and Embaffa-
dours, proceed in his conqueft, andrefufc the ceflation, that the
King yoar Mafter will in that cafe, and in fo j'uft a quarrel affift him
againft the Emperour, in imitation of the King my Maftcrs juft and
reall proceedings in the bufineffe from the beginning, who never
looked (as you can well be witnefle^to the rifing, or faling hopes
of his fon in Law his fortunes, but conftantly keep on thatcourfe,
that was moft agreable to honour and juftice,totbe peace of Chri-
ftendom ; and for the faftning of a firm & indiflbluble knot of amity,
and alliance betwixt the king your Mafter and him, which was be-
gun in the time of the treatie with France, and then broken at your
defire", that we might imbracethis alliance with you you arc the
perfon, that many times before your departure hence, befoughthis
Majeftie once to fuffer himfelf to be deceived by Spain. We there-
fore do now exped to find that great refped to honour in the King
your Mafter, that he will not take any advantage by the changing of
fortune, and fuccefle of time, fo to alter his adions, as may put his
Honour in the terms of interpretation. You fee how all the reft
ofChriftendom, envie and maligne this match and wifhed conjun-
ction j How much greater need then hath it of a haftie and happie
difpatch? And what comfort can the Prince have in her, when her
friends (hall have utterly ruined his Sifter, and all her babes? you re-
member how your felfprayfed his Majefties wifdom in the eledion
offo fit a Minifter, as Sir Richard Wefton in this bufinefle, but you
faw what defperate Letters he writes from time to time of their cold
andunjuft treating with him in this bufinefle ; you could not but
wonder at any fpark of Patience could be left us here j and to con-
clude this point in a word, we ever received comfortable words from
Spain, but find fuch contrary effeds from Brnxellet .together with
our intelligences from all other parts of the world,as all our hopes arc
not only cold, but quite extinguished here. Thus far for the By, and
yet fuch a By, as may put by the main, if it be not well and fpeedily
prevented. As to the Main, which is the match, his Majeftie, and
we all here, thought we had done our part, and put the ball at your
H h z foot,
23 6 To Count GonSoraar.
foot, when wee agreed upon the twentic, and five Atfcles more:
whereupon as your felf often anfwered, and aflured as the bcft
Divines in S$*in concluded that the Pope, not only might, but ought
to grant a difpcnfation to this marriage, but now we are furcharged
with a number of new Articles from Rome t and in the mean time the
Difpenfation is as far off as ever it was.
His Majeftie hopes that you arc notignorant,that the treatie is be-
tween him, and your Maftcr j He hath no treatie with Rome, neither
lyes it in his way to difpute with them upon this qweftion j yet that
his read ineflc to imbrace your Matters friendftiipmay the better ap-
pear, he is contented to yield to fo many of their demands, as either
bis Confcience,Honour,or fafetie can permit,if fo the King your Ma-
tter (hall think it neceffarie. But on the other part we three remem-
ber, that when as you firft mo'vedthis match unto him, andperfwa-
ded him to break off with France, youthen promifed, that he (hould
be preffed to nothing in this bufinefie, that (hould not be agreeable
to his confcience,and honour, and (rand with the love of his people.
As to the particular Articles new added at Rome, I will not clogg this
pa per with them,which I fear without them, will be too troubleibme
unto you.For what his Majefties opinion is of them,his Majefties Em-
baffad our there will particularly acquaint you.
But whereas the Pope defires in the end of his Articles, that he
may fee what poaum ptthlicttm, the King our Maftcr will grant unto,
that may perfwade to grant this difpenfation, I will remit it to your
confcicnce and knowledge, whether if the favours his Majeftie daily
grants to thofe of his religion, and is refolved ftill to continue, if not
to incrcafethem,if they (hall by their good behaviour deferve it, be
not a real bonum pMcum, confideringthat if the match (hould break
off (which God forbid) his Majeftie would be importunatly urged
by his people (to whofe afiiftance he muft have hisrecourfe) to give
life and execution to all the penal Lawesnow hanging upon their
beads,
Itonlyrcfts now, that as we have put the ball to your foot, you
take a good, and fpeedie refolution there to haften a happy conclu-
fion of this match. The Prince is now two and twenty years of age,
and fo a year more, then full ripe, for fuch a bufineffe : the King our
Mafter longeth to fee an iffue proceed from his Loins; and I am
furcyouhavercafon to expedmore friendftiip from the pofterity
that (hall proceed from him, and that little Angel, your Infanta then
from his Majefties Daughters Children. Your friends here, are all
difcomforted with this long delay : your enemies are cxafperated,
and
*ondc dc Gondomar to the Duke. 237
and irritatf J thereby ; and your neighbours, that envic the felicity
of bothK ngs, have the more Jeifurc to invent new Plots for the
Crofle, Slid hinderancc of this happy bufineflc ; And for the part
of your true friend and fervant Buckingham, I am become odious
already , and counted a betrayer both of King and Coun-
trey,
To conclude ajl with I willufea fimilitude of hawking (which
you will eafily underftand, being a great Faulkoner j) I told you al-
ready that the Prince is (God be thanked) cxtrcamly (harp fet upon
this Match ; and you know that a Hawke, when (he is firft drefled,
and made ready to flie, having a great will upon her, if the Faulko-
ner do not follow it at that time, (he is in danger to be dulled for ever
after.
Take heed therefore, left in the fault of your delayes there, Ouf
Prince, and Faulcon gentle, ( that you know was thought flow
enough, to begin to be eager after the Foeminine prey) become not
i o dull upon thefe delay es,as in (hort time hereafter,he will not (loop
to the Lure, though it were thrown out to him;
And here I will end to you my fweet friend, as I do in my prayers
to God, ( Onelj in thee ii mj truft,) and fay as it is written on the out-
fide of the Pacqucts, Hafte.Hafte, Poft-hafte,
Condc dt Gondomar to the Dake, i3.Fcbr.
1625,
Moft Excellent Sir,
AT laft Sir, the Earl ofgoHdamtr goes for E*gl*d ;. There will be
many good difcourfcs made in HofltnJ about this voyage : But
the truth is, that the intention of his journey is not to offend any
one, but only to defire, and procure peace, and the publique good;
And onely with this intent the King my Mafter Commands me to go
thither, and I go with a great deal of joy as well for this as for to
kifle his Majefties and his Highne(Ie bis hands, and your Excellencies
in particular.
And therefore I do appoint for the field of our Battail your Excel-
lencies Galleric over the Thames, where I hope your Excellencie
(hall fee, that the Earl of Gondomtr is an honcft man, and that he
hath been, is, and ever will be, a faithful and true fervant and friend
to
Padre
to Sir Georgt Vttitrs Duke of Bttckytg^m^ whom God pr jerve fiaany
happy years,
The Countefie my Wife, and my felf,kiflc my Lady the Cpuntefle,
and my Lady Dutchefle their hands.
Your Excellencies
Conftant and faithful
fcrvaot,
Padre Macftrc *t Rome to ths Spanifh EmbaffAdwr in
England, 12. $nnc t 1621.
Mj Lord,
I Have received two Letters from your Lordfhip, the one of the
1 5*. of (JMarcb brought me by Mr. Cjeorge Gage , and the other
of the 30. of April which came by the Ordinarie. In both which
Letters I have received a fpecial favour from you, and much comfort.
The coming of lA*.G*ge hath given me infinite contentment, then
which there could nothing have happened more fitly and to the pur-
pofe,for the matter which is in negotiation, nor any man have come
hither that could better advance the bufineffe then he, as well in re-
fpedof his good affection, as forhiswifdom and dexterity in all
things. And if the King of Great Brittain will withal help now a lit-
tle, the bufineffe will be quickly done, and in a good manner. I be-
fecch yourLordlhip preach to him aChriftian Sermon as is moft need-
ful : for there comes from thence divers wayes fuch reports thither,
that I am afhamed, and out of countenance in the ftreets as I go, and
they do me a favour, that they do not ftonc me, knowing that I am
treating, and labouring this bufinc.fle at the fame tirae,when the poor
Catholiques are fo cruelly ufed in England, Scotland, and Ireland.
And when 1 excufe it, that it is not by the Kings order, but by the
abufe and malice of fomeill affected Minifters, it will not be recei-
ved; neither do they want Replies. Befides, there is a rumour all
over Rome, that the King in a Speech which he made at the beginning
of the Parliament, affirmed publiquely, That for *U thi* marriage With
Spain,
Don Carlos :* t&e Lord Crfnway.
rtkoliqnc ptrtj * Englaid/&0#/</0f be in one jott better con*
tithn then thj are.
But I can >otbeyctdifcouragcd ; My confidence is in the King,
and in thr Ucfirc which I know he hath to procure a good Wife for
his Son. And now that the time is come, let him play the part of a
Couragious Wooer, and fruftrate the intentions and defircs of all
thofc, that are adverfe to it. It is a comfort unto me, that I do not
find here an impofiibility j but that though there be difficulties, yet
I find many here that defire to overcome them. And above all, I
hope that God will aflift this bufmefle as his own Caufe. I am go-
ing to prepare my felf for the Congregation of the Cardinals, and a
Confultation of Divines, to whom I underftand we (hall be remit-
ted this next week. I (ball give your Lordfhip an account punctually
of all things that happen in thofe Conferences. Ous Lord,&c.
YourLord(hips,&c,
Padre
"Don Carlos to the Lord Conway,
3. September*
SIR,
I Have underftood by Mr.SfrW* with particular contentment the
newcs of your good health, which God continue for many years.
1 fee by yours received by Strada, what his Majeftie hath been pleafed
to order concerning the (hips of the Indies, which is as much in effect
as could be hoped for from fo great a King, fo zealous of Juftice and
Equitie.
In the Conduct of thi* bufineffe, we will obferve the order given
by his Majeftie, in confidence that the Subjects of the King my Ma-
ftcr (hall obtain their ends, and his Catholiquc Majeftie receive the
contentment to know, that the excefles of thofe that (hall be convin-
ced have been puniftied.
By the laft Currier of Flanders, we received neither from the In-
fanta, nor any other pcrfon any other newes, then what Mr. Trumbal
Cent by his Letters.
I confeflfc freely , that the Marquefie, an< ^ ra y f c ^ ^ ave ^ een ^ nc ^
troubled, both of us being exceedingly defirous , that his Majeftie
fhould '
Don Carlos t* the lord Conway/
(hould receive in every thing(even vn words,andjformalir' jo}the fame
fatisfadion, which we hope he fhall receive in the effeds. Nevcr-
theleffe in difcharge of her HighnefTe, I will fay that wb^his fit for
me as I am her fervant, and which I pray you from me to oeliver un-
to his Majeftie ; but thus undcrftood , that it is onely my own parti-
cular difcourfe.
By the difpleafure his Majeftie hath been pleafed to teftifie unto
me upon many occafions of the Prince TAlttines refufal to fign, and
ratific the Treatie of fufpenfion of Armes ; He may be alfo pleafed
to judge how it may have been taken by the King my Maftcr ia
Sf f, and the Infanta in f Under s^ and the rather becaufe of the
continual reports, that at the fame time went up and down and in-
crcafed (as ordinraily it falls out; of the defcent of Alberftat with a
mighty Army of 20000 foot, and 6000 horfe, not any more to make
war in Germany^ but to joyn with the Prince of Orange^ and fall upon
thofe Provinces in obedience to his Catholique Majeftie, which was
no other but dircftly to aym at the vital parts of the Sftnifb Monar-
chic.
If for thefe juft fears (which cannot certainly be held vain, being
confidered with thofe of the year paft, proceeding from one and the
fame Caufe, both of which have been fcattered by the Almighty
hand of God, in his fecret Judgments) it hath not oncly been law-
ful, but alfo neceffary to confer ve the ancient alliances, and procure
new, I leave it to the judgment of every maa of underftanding, noc
doubting but for this refpedtyou will be of the fame opinion with
me : And much more his Majeftie, whom God hath endowed with
fo great knowledge , and royal qualities, as are known to all the
world.
Morover, let us fee if in the Law of gratitude, the Ifata could
do lefle then acknowledge towards the Duke of Bavaria^ the valour
wherewith his Army had refifted the pernitious defigns of Alberftat*
having hazarded his own eftate to hinder the imminent danger of the
King my Matters.
Again let us confider if the Infanta fending to vifit, and give him
thanks could excufe her felf from giving him all thofe titles, which
the Duke ofB4v*ri* gives himfelf, and defires fhbuld be given him.
And if he might not,if fhe had done otherwife have thought the in-
gratitude the greater, then the acknowledgement. And therefore
things being in this ftatc, the Infanta could not excufe her felf from
fending to vifuc him, feeing he had fuccoured her in a time of need,
$nd in viiiting him to give him that, which he defircd {hould be
given
Carlos w ffo Zwl Coaway .'
given him. And the like is to be faid for the King my Matter in cafe
he hath done the like as Mr. Trumbal writes the Infanta (hould tefl
him, and with a great deal more reafon becaufetbe Countries are
his own. And therefore fince hisMajeftic of Great TSritttin is fa
great a King,and hath fo great a reputation of the exaA perform-
ing of his roya) obligations, I doubt not but he will judge, that in
this formality, the King my Matter, and the Infanta his Aunt, have
but acquitted themfelvcs of their obligations, For the rcft,if at the
conferrence of CW/<?, which his faid Majeftie , and her Highneflc
have defired , and do yet defirc his Majeftie of great Brittai*
{hall fee, that they are wanting on their part to proceed with that
fmccrityand truth, which they have fo often offered, and which
the Marqueflcof70iY 4 doth frill offer on the behalf oftheKing
my Matter, fo that only the Prince Palttine make the fubmi ilions due
to the Emperour ashis natural Lord, and refol vie to follow the Pa-
ternal counfcls of his Majeftie of great Britain, his Majeftie (hall
then have reafon to complain. And in the mean time the Prince
cpa/atinc fhould do but well not to entertain thofe Amities be endea-
vours to conferve v nor to follicit thofc Leagues which he labours to
procure, not only with the declared rcbclU of the King my Mafter,
andoftheHoufe ofe^/?rw, but alfo with the enemies of all Chri-
ftendom. I will ingage my head if following this way his Majeftie
and his fon in law find themfelves deceived.
You know Sir, that I treat in truth, and freedom, and do there-
fore hope you will impute my cxcufes to that, and will noc call this
libertieofmydifcourie, rafhnefle, but an immorta^ defirc in me in
all things to procure the fcrvice of our Kings, laying ^fide^all occa-
fions of mifunderftandings,now we treat of nothing els, but uniting
ourfelves more by the ftrickt bonds of love, over and above thofe
of our Alliance.
I do humbly befeech you to fay thus much to his Majeftie, and to
allure him from me, that when he (hall be pleafed to imploy me in
this matter, as in all other, he (hall ever find me faithful and real, as
I have offered my felf, and alwayes continue, being well affured,thac
even in that I (hall ferve my Mafter. And I pray you to believe ia
your particular that I am, and will be eternallie
Yours &c
It
71*
44*
7& <JM4npKffi Ynoiofc M th Ltrd Conwap,
5. September,
T Anfwcred not long fincc to both your Letters, and now I will add
1 this, that only the fport, and pleafure that ?)on CarJos, and I con-
fider his Majeftie bath in his progreffe, may make tollerablc the de-
ferring (by reafon of that) and not hearing thenewes we expeft
to hear of his Majcfties good health. For by that meanes we might
not onely farisfie more often our defires in this point(having his Ma-
jcftie neerer) but alfo our defirc to bring thefe bufmefies to an end,
which are ordinarily more delayed, and lefle well executed, when
they arc. to pafTe through the hands of Mini fters (chough they be
very zealous, and well affeded to it j as thefe Lords are with whom
we treat here ; who are defirous that the King fhould be known for
juft, though unneceffarily, when nothing is pretended contrarieto
that which is agreed upon. TWs knowledge whereupon I ground
my reafons may perhaps make me(S* 2s*6rg0)incurre theCenfure
of an iroptti^nt man ; But I am perfivaded, that if that which hath
been done here, bad been fetled dierc by your Honour,, and the
Lord Count tfCarieil (whofe good difpofition, and proceeding is as
much to.be efteemed as it is pray fed by Don Ctrtoj and my felf ) we
would have made an end, and thofe things, which I have feen^ and ob-
fcrvctihere had not happened unto us. For in the conference, in
which my Lord Keeper did aflift, it was agreed fa? we thought,/ that
his Majeftie fhould give order to the Judges and Juflicesof Peace>
Arch-bi{hops and Bifhops figncd with bis royal hand under the lit-
tle Scale within three months, or at the Princefleher arival. He
hath perfifted afterwards, as alfo Sir George Cahert in that (though
it was plain) that his Majeftie would give the faid warrant, after-
wards, there being no tearm nor day appointed. NevertheJcfleac
liftvre havccondefcended, that it fhould be within fix months, or at
her Highneflc arrival, if fhe comes afore that time, that we may fhew
howbappicwe think our felvesin being Servants to his Majeftie,
whom ; God fay c.
The difpatchcs that we are to have are contained in the relation here
enciofed. I pray you to take order, that thofe that aretobefent
feacktothatcffcd, may be fubfcribcd,and Sealed; for I havediffer-
red the difpatching of a Currier (with an evident danger that he will
now arrive too late, and put in hazard abufineflcof mine of confi-
dcration 3
fir Arthur Chicheftcr ** tkt Duke.
deration, tvhich obligeth roe to difpatch him) that hemay not go
without them | And that it may not be an occafion to doubt of the
aflurance we have given of his Majefties goodwill and intention;
whofe Royal hands, I, and Don Carlos do intreat your Honour
to kifle in our name, and to continue us in his Majefties good Fa-
vour, and your Honour likewife in yours j for we deferve it with
a particular affection , and equal defire to ferve you. God fave
your Honour , as I defire
Your Honours fcrranr^
The Marqueflfe.
? l
Sir Arthur Cfiichcftcr to the Duke , \kt
rA ita*\V**V*Y 25. January, 1623.
itpleafejour Grace,
rHen you went laft from iP&frfHurf I waited on the Prince
and you into the Gallery, where your Lordftiip fpake fome-
thing unto me which I underftood not, to wit, Are you ttmedtoo ? As
I knew not the ground of the Demand , I could make no orefent an-
fwer ; nor now but by Conjecture. When J turn from the Prince,
(whom I know to be the worthieft of Princes) or from you, (who
by your favours have fo bound me to ferve you ) or from the
truth (as I conceive it) God I know will turn from me; until then
I humbly pray your Lordfliip to believe that 1 am yoor honcft
fervant.
The Sunday after your Lordfhips departure, the Embaffadours of
the King of Spain came unto me under the pretext of a vifit. I have
herewith fent your Grace a brief of what paffed between ns. I
judge fome man hath done me an ill office, by infinuating me into
their good opinions of me ; fure I am, I never fpake of them, nor of
the affaires they have to manage, but what I have faid, when the fe-
lected Councel were affembled. J cannot be fodull, but to know
that they meant your Grace to be the Intcrpofer of their defires, and
the Man, whom they wifhed to be abfent when they have their pri-
vate audience. . They are exceeding Cautelous, and I conccive r the
late Difpatch from Spain is like a gilded bay t to allure and deceive;
I i a yonc
vv:
Pfi lftg es **d Diffourfes between tie Embafftdors
your Lordfhip perceiving their Malice, will be warieto avoid their
<ynom, I am
Your Graces
Humble, and faithful
Servant,
Chicke/ler.
Colleftions of the P^ffagts And Diffwrfes between the
Zwbaffadours of the King */Spain 5 W Sir Arthur
Chichefter, iS.Jannary, 1623.
%A\ c vh$i ^ tt '.
Faff a ge* were feat to the fittke,Mo[ed in the Uft fore-
going Letter.
ON Sunday the 18. of this prcfent fa*uarj t the two Embafladon
of Spain came to vifit me at my Houfe in Drury-Lane. At their
firft entrance they took occafion to fpeak of the profeflion of Soul-
dicrs, and.of the Spanifi Nation, affirming them to be the braveft
Friends, and the braveft Enemies. I approved it in the^ouldier,and
contradiAed it not in the Nation.
When they were come into an Inner Room, looking upon the
Company as if they defired to be private j I caufed them to withdraw,
but noting that they had brought an Interpreter with them, I prayed
Sir fonmt Btount^ and N*th*niel TomkjnS Clark of the Princes Coun-?
eel, ( who doth well underfland the Spanifi tongue ) to abide with
me,i
Being private, they faid thcycame^o vifitme, becaufe of the-
good intention, and well- wifhing they underfrood I had to the ac-
commodation of bufinefles, and becaufe I flood named by his Maje-
Hie for the imploy menc into Gerwtwe.
I acknowledged their coming to vifit me as a particular Favour,'
profcffing my fclf to be one of thofe, who was able to do leaft, but
thatlmuftand would in all things conform my felf tothcwiji, and
g^od-pleafurc of the King ,my Maftc. - ~
They
tftfo King of Spain, wfSir Arthu r Chichcftcr. 245
They were pleafed to remember, and to take for argument of hil
Majeftirs^ood opinion of me, to make me one of thc/*M (as they
called it) of the felefted Counccliours, and his imploymenc given me
the laft year as bis Extraordinary Embafladour into Germ*j,
I told tnem I had been bred a Souldier, as their Excellencies had
been, but that I wanted the capacity and abilities which they had,
and that for want of Language (not affecting to fpeak by an Inter-
preter) I had forbornto wait on their Excellencies, asotherwifcl
would have done.
To that they returned the like Complement, and then faid, Their
Matter had fcnt a good anfwer touching the Tt/attMttt, and they af-
fured me, that he would perform what he had promifed with advan-
tage.
I faid if it were fo, I then hoped all things would fort to a good
end.
They then asked me how his Ma jeftie, and the Lords were affeft-
cd, and whether therewith they were fatisfied, or no ?
I anfwercd, That I conceived their Excellencies knew his Maje-
fHes mind as well as the Lords, for that they had fo lately audience of
him.
They faid, It was truej they had fo, but not a private audience ;
nor could they obtain any, though they had much defired the fame,
but that others were ft ill prefect.
I faid merely that they were two, and I believed that the King
their Matter had fentas able and experienced Minifters as he had
any, and therefore his Mjeftie might peradventure think fit not to
hear them alone.
They faid his Majettie might alone hear a thoufand Mini!
ly Kings, but if be fhould be otherwife pleafed, they well
Minifters of
any Kings, but if be fhould be otherwife pleafed, they well liked of
the Princes being prcfcnt ; but they faid there were alfo other great
Minifters of the Kings, who wifhed not well to their Matters affairs^
I faid, There might therein be a miftaking^r tnifunderftanding' on
their part; for if the King their Mafter mean fo really as they faid, -I
conceived that no body would be willing to remove hisMa jeftie from
thofc '-
2 4 6
thofe purpofes, and that good aflfeftion which he bore uuto his ck ar
Brother the King of Sp*i.
The Marqueflefaid in Englifti, The King was a good King, and
the Prince a good Prince* butfomeof their Minifters they doubted
were ill willersto them.
I asked if greater demonftrations of reality could be devifed, then
had been given on the part of the King and Prince, inftancing in the
Prince his going in Pcrfon into Sptin.
They confefled it, buta the times now were, they faid ill offices
were done them,
-n* 1 .- ' .
I aflured them, That I neither knew, nor understood of any; nei-
ther did I ever hear them fpoken of, but with due refped had onto
them, as to the Minifters of a great King, and his Majefties dear Bro-
ther.
They faid their meaning was not, that the ill offices were done to
their Perfons, but to the great BufinefTes, which a certain Perfon bad
(hewed a willingneffe to difturb ; but they hoped, that the intended
amity between our Matters would hold, and proceed nevcrtheleflc.
I profeffed, that I knew nothing to the contrary, neitherunder-
ftood I the particular at which they aymed.
The Marquetfe fwore as he was a Chriftian, he knew that the King
his Matter did fo truly, and really eftecm his dear Brother the King
of England^ and the Prince of F?*/U, that if they needed part of his
blood, they (hould have it for their good :/ But he complained, that
they could not have their Meflages delivered nor returned from the
King of late, but qualified according to the pleafuf es of others.
I faid, They mifconceived it, for I thought they had no caufe to
complain, feeing they now had, ormighthave (as I fuppofcd) the
Kings Ear when they craved it in due, and befitting times.
They feemed to deny it, alledging, That they could not get their
Meflages and Papers anfwcrcd as aforetime.
I faid, When the Prince was in S}*ii they had free acceflc to his
Itfajcftic, whcnfoevcr they dcfircd > Yea
247
Yet faid the MarqucfTe in Latine Tune ; but now, he faid, the cafe
was altered.
I faid the King had given ma nytefti monies to the world of his
willingnefle to comply with their Mafter, and Them : And if either
his Majefti? or the Prince feemed now more refcrved, and deliberate
in their actions then heretofore, it might be that his Highnefle had
learned that wary andcircumfpeft proceeding in Spaia y where they
are faid to ufc it in matters of far lefle moment.
They fmiled hereat, and prayed me to continue my good intenti-
ons, and refpects towards them, and to the joynt affairs of both our
Matters.
I faid, I would alwaies fervc the King my Mafter, with a true and
faithful heart, and fofar as(hould be agreeable to his defires, and
good liking, I would to my fmall power be ready to fervc them.
In Conclufion they faid, They came but to vifit me, but being
come, they could not choofe but fay fomcthing, and touch upon bu-
finefle.
Arthur Chichtftcr.
22. 0f May, 1624.
ntAde vifits atftwdry times to the Spani ,
/ do here under my han / decUre^ whit puffed betwixt them anef
mt) fo neer as my memory ferveth left in wy ab fence *ny fab
WA ter Jhoultf fall m qneftion, I nw intending to trwel for A
fpace.
WHen hisHrghneflewas in S/i*', being upon my journy in
Scotland, I went to /*>-Houfe to take my leave of Don Cur-
ies, where Vtnvail was prrfent, I exprelfing much joy of thematch y
which in my mind would without all queftion be perfeftcd, did find
no fuch humour, nor inclination on their part, which did muchafto-
niflime; for they grumblingly did allcadge, that the King my Ma-
fter did perform nothing that he promifed, or how could any thing
be expected the Infanta being here, whereas nothing was performed
the
. 348 Ptffagts ktneen tfa Spanlflf Ejttiajkbttr fyi.
the Prince being in Spain ? I befoughc them to do bet
then without reafon to put jealoufies betwixt my Matter, and the.rs,
. who would never have fent his fon to Spain without a real intention.
Which oncly aft was reafon fufficient to remove all doubts.
Yet did they ttill continue their challenge of divers Bracks, fpeci-
ally, anew the fending of (hips to Scotland to bring away the two
Dalyrkerj 9 and not perfe&ing fuch conditions as were pro mi fed to
Cathollques. I did intreat them again, that fuch conceits of my Ma-,
ftcr might be removed, for they might be confident of full perfor-
mance of what he had pro mifed, by reafon he had never broke his
promife to any. I defired them likewifc to conilder with what love
purPrince was gone,and what a ftain it fliould be to thcState of Sf *',
if uncourtcoufly he fhould return with dittaft j Bcfides,it might fall
out to be the worft ad that ever they committed,whcre ancnt if they
bad love to their Mailer they would prove good Inftrumcnts. What
was fpoke by me in Hnglilh was related in Spanifh to Don Carlo, fo
was it to me what they fpokc in Spanifti. Sometimes Dan Carlo fpokc
in French, fo that not a word patted which each man did not
know.
I went again after the Treaties were given up, and did remember
Don Carlo of what I had forefpoke, when the Marquefle was prefect
and took thcfpeech- they did demand of me whether I was come of
myfelf, or by Comtnifiion, for they profcfled to account me their
friend.
lanfweredthatl camemceily of my felf, and was forrie that by
their own deferving,they had procured fuch alterations,and I thought
ftrange of fuch demands as they had made at Hampton Court, which
did both exprcflc much fplecn, and lack of good intelligence. They
did avow their demands were reafonabie ; but,from that time they
would make vifits to the Duke and love him better then before, be-
c*ufe they were in doubt before, but now they know him to bean
Encmie, Ididanfwer, that I was forrie for their proceed ing, and
was their friend fo long as they were friends ro my Matter.
,After a few haughty words,fuch(as it was a wrong waie to deal with
their Matter by threatnings, who gave pay dai{y to 300000, Souldi-
ers that they had followed the wars a long time, and had feenmcn
filled by the Cannon, Musket, Pike, and fword, but never faw men
killed with wordi, they defired me to fpeak to his Majettie, that they
might cither be difmiffed, or have freedorne to go about their bufi-
nertc with fccurity. They did defiremejikewife to fpeak to his Ma-
jcftie^ that tbejtceatie for the P*/*tinat< mighc continue.
I
7& iWNithisfdail to the Duke. 24?
1 did demand of them how thei'c two things did agree, both to
threaten and intreat?whcreupon they pafled upon me with odd com-
plaint*. I went once more of late to give them a farwel. I faid,
they proved thcmfelves good Servants to their Mafter in preilingto
raife /ealoufies in this State.but they were now too well known to do
harm. The Marquefle fworc, that by this time the Infanta had been
here,& the PAlatintte reftorcd,if the blame had not been on our Part*
I did intreat I might be excufed not to believe that. I did ask whe-
ther they did not condemn their own Judgments in accufing the Duke
of TSHckingham of that whereof he was cleared, both by the King,
and State. Their anfwer was, He was cleared bythofe who were
his confiderates,all as guiltie as himfelf.
I demanded,why they {hould ftill exprefle their malice againftthe
Duke of Buckingham. Did they not think but our Prince was a man
fenfible of what injuries he had received / their anfwer was, if the
Duke were out of the way, the Prince would be well difpofed. They
faid farther, his Highneffc was an obedient Ton before the Duke
guided him, butfince, he was not. So that when we fpeak of his
Majeftie, they fpcak with much refpeft, but for the Prince did not
ufe them kindly v they did make the lefle accompt of him. So after
I took my leave and parted,
NitbisdaiL
MUch I have omitted for brevitie,wherein they did exprefle much
refpcft to his Majeftie, much of their thrcatningto the Duke
lie ZflWN'ithisdail to the T>nke y 2 2 June,
1624.
<JM) mof} Noble Lor J,
Finding matters at great uncertainty when I came hither, I refol-
ved to make farther tryal before I (hould part from hence. What
thanks is due to the Embafladours for their paineful, anddifcreec
Carriage can hardly be cxpreflcd.
Matsers now being drawn to (bch a conformity (which I confeflc
I thought impofiibilities, though withall I fouad much rdpe&aJ-
' SJ
Tie Lord Nithisdail fo ikt Dttkt.
wayestothe Prince with a fcnfible defireof the Match cxprefleJ,
both by the King, and thofc I fpake withal) our Embaffadcurs fcem
ftill to be difcontcnt, that all things are not remitted to onr Matters
verbal promife, which though it may be affurance fufficient to all
Catholiques s who have the fence to confider, that it muftbe our
Mafters^nd the Princes gracious difpofition muft be our fa*ety,more
then either word or writ : yet the writ being defired privately(as they
pretend) merely to draw the Popes confent (without the which no-
thing is to be finifhed) the difference is notfo great, their Princely
promife being given already.
What caufe of jealoufie the refuting hereof fliould procure, you
may confider : belides, my judgment failes me, if a more eafie way
{hall be aflented unto upon this fide. If the Embaffadours have be-
ftirred themfclves to get this out of the publique Articles, I can bear
witneffe. Thus much I dare avow, that neither time nor place have
been omitted by them to do good; though I muft confefle, what
intelligence I had in the proceeding, hath rather been from the
French then from them. Their Reafons (as I conceive) was their
doubts, that did bring me hither, having neither Letters from the
King, the Prince,nor your Grace.
Whereupon to remove thefe conceits, I (hewed them, that I did
onely take this in my way, intending to go fee the Jubilees, where-
with though his Majeftie, nor the Prince, neither yet your Grace
were acquainted with at my parting, you will be pleafed to make my
cxcufe. I am infinitely beholding to the Embaffadours noble Cour-
tefie, which I know hath proceeded from that relation which they
know I have to you.
My Lord, let the happineffe which (hall come to the Prince by
matching with fuch a Lady, as I proteft before God, hath thofe per-
fe&ionSjto my thinking,can hardly be equalled, be a means to haften
a happy Conclufion j And let not matter of Ceremonic draw delayes
where the fubftance is agreed upon. So (hall all that belong to our
Matter be made happy,in general,and you in particular, for that love
which they cxprefle here to your felf.
Once more I humbly begg, you will confider particularly upon
each one of the Articles, and I hope you (hall not find fuch unrecon-
cileable difference as an affeded Puritan may pretend. Whereupon
if I have looked more with eyes of a Papift then was fitting, it is nay
facjcof judgment,andnot bf7.eal to my Mafters Honour, which of
allcarthly things (hall be preferred. Befecching God to give a hap-
F,
&r Tcbic Mathew w $fa Kfagtf Spain. 251
/fuccefle hereunto, with a found recovery of your own health, I
umbly take my leave.
Your Graces
Faithful fervant,
Dated at Coraplon.
Nitkisdtil.
Sir Tobie Mathcw t* the King of Spain.
DOn Tobe* Mtthei CAvtHero Tnglesj Catbolico Romano befeecheth
your Catholique Majeftie with all humility and reverence,^
upon
that the
Prince conceiveth, that he can by no means fubmit himfelf thereunto
with his Honour, And belidef, my Lord the King hath exprefly re-
quired him to return with all potfible fpeed, in cafe that Voto ftiould
not be qualified. And it is certain that he will depart for England
within very few daies; And whofoever (hall inform your Majeftie,
that the Treatie of this marriage may be really kept on foot after the
departure of the Prince upon thefe terms, doth deceive your Ma jeftie
through the ignorance wherein he is of the State of England. So
that the Prince departing thus, the Catholique Subjects of all my
Lord the Kings Dominions are to be in lamentable cafe. For al-
though the Prince did yefterday vouchfafeto have Compafilon of
me in refpcd of the grief wherein he faw I had upon tbefe occafions,
and to fay, That although the marriage were broken, yet he would
procure that his Catholique Subjeds (hould not fare the worfe for
that ; yet I know that ic is morally importable for that honourable
defign of his to take place in rcfped of the Pcogle, and the irapor-
tunicie and malice of the Puritans, and efpeciaily becaufe it will now
be a cafe of meer neceffitie for my Lord the King, to run in a courfe
of very ftraight Conjunction with them of his Parliament, that he
may be able the better to ferve himfelf of them in other occafions :
from which Parliament, as now the cafe will (land, what Catholique
can exped any other then the extrcamitic of rigour?
In confideration whereof I caft my felf with a fad heart at the feet
of your Majeftie, befecching you, that you will take into your royal
K.k a rcmem-
252
remembrance the love, which you owe, and procure to pale to cur
holy Mother, the Church, and that fome courfe may be taken, and
with fpeed (for otherwife it will be too lace to give the Prince fome
foot of ground upon which he may be able to ftand in fucn fort, as
that without lofle of honour, and breach of that word, which he
hath given to the world, and without prejudice to that obedience,
which he oweth totheleaft commandement of the King his Father;
his Highnefie may be inabled to comply with the incomparable af-
fection which he beareth thelnfanta your Majefties Sifter. And that
by meanes hereof the two Crowns may be kindly in perfect union,"
and the Catholiquc religion may be highly advantagcd,notonly in
the Dominions of my Lord the King, but in many other parts of
Chriftendom, into which the Authority ofthefe Dominions doth
flow.
For my part,I take the eternall God towitnefle, whom I procure
to ferve,and who hath given me a heart, which difclaimeth from all
other interefles then to ferveGod, and my King, that I conceive
my felf not to comply with a good conference without laying this
proteftation under the Eye of your Ma jeftie, that if the Catholique
fubjects of the King my Lord (hall grow liable to perfecution, or
affliction by occafion of breaking this Match, through the difguft of
the King my Lord and his Councel, or through the power, which in-
fallibly the Puritans aflembled in Parliament will have with him upon
this occafion, that blood, ormiferic whatfoever, it may partly be
required at their hands who have advifedyourMajcftie not to ac-
cept of thofe large conditions for Catholiqnes which my Lord the
King and the Prince have condefccnded to, and of that more then.
moral Securitie which they have offered for the performance there-
of.
And on the other fide,! undertake to your Ma jeftie,under the pain
of infamie,in cafe that be not made good which here I affirm, that if
your Majeftie will be pleafed to give fome fucli ground to the
Prince,as whereuj^m he may with Honour ftay,and perfect the Trea-
tie of the Marriage by any fuch way, or means,as may occur to your
Majefties royal wifdom,the whole bodies of the Catholiques in Eng-
land both religious, and fecular,(hall acknowledge it as a great blef-
fing of God, and (hall oblige themfelves to pray inceflantly for your
happie Eftate &c.
Sir
SicTobie Mathcw/* tbcDttcheffeof Bucking ham,
9. June 1625.
lylhip with prefenting ray unprofitable fervice to you : but now
11 venture to do i.c, by realon of the good newes I (hall fend with
was no caufe till now, why I (hould trouble your La-
I (hall
it.,
For our Queen arrived here yefterday, and I was glad at the
heart to fee her fuch, as (he hadfeemed; (he is more grown then
I bad thought, being higher by half the head then my Ladie Mar-
quefle. And whatfoevertheyfay,believemc,(hefits already upon
the very skirts ef womanhood. Madam , upon my faith (he is a
moftfweet lovely Creature, and hath a countenance which opens a
window into her heart, where a man may fee all NoblenefTe and
Goodneflej and I dare venture my head (upon the little skill I have
in Phyfiognomie)that (he will be extraordinarily beloved by our Na-
tion, and defcrveto be fo; and that the actions of her felf, which
are to be her own, will be excellent. Me thoaghc I difcerned in
her countenance a little remnant of fadneffe, which the frefti wound
of parting from the Queen Mother might have made, yet perhaps
I was deceived. Her Aauyre was very plain, for fo Great a Queen
can be thought to have nothing mean about her. But I hope that
amongft many other blefiings,whicb God,will have provided for us
by her means, her example will be able to teach our Countric wit in
this kind.
I had the happineffe to fee , and heartier at a (hort diftance, 1
by the Commandement which my Lady of 'Buckingham laid upon
me to interpret for her, and^believe mejftie is full of wit, and hath
a lovely manner in exprefiing it . But I confefle I was forrie with all
my heart, to hear that her courage was fo great, as to carry her in-
ftantly (after my Ladre of Buckingham had taken her leave for that
time) to Sea in a poore little boate in the company of her brother,
whom yet, I have not had the honour to fee. I dare give my word
for her ,that (he is not afraid of her own (hadow, .who could find
in her heart to put her felf at the firft fight , upon an element of that
danger, and difeafe for meer paftimc); UnlefTc it were perhaps that
(he might carrie fome Steel about her, and that there :is fomc.
Adamant:.
254 Str Tobie Mathc w u the D*tdje(fe ^Buckingham."
Adamant at Dover , which already might begin to draw her that
I am extreamly forrie,'tfeat we have loft the hope of feeing the two
other Queens, for if they had come, we might have had bcautie here
as well in the prcterperfed,and in the prefent tenfe,as now we have
in the future.
But the Queen Mothers indifpofition hath arrefted her at Amiens
in punifhment of that malice, wherewith (he diffembledittoo long
at the firft , through the extream defirc flie had of coming hi-
ther.
Our Queen received my Lady of Buck*gh*m with ftrange cour-
tefie and favour, and HOW there is no remedy but that the King will
Heeds defray and treat her after a high manner. And I have been
told that (Jtt9ttn(ieur will needs defcend fo much as to vifit her in her
lodging; and the Dutchcfle of Chevereux (being that great Prin-
cefle, as (he is, both by match , and bloud) will perforce give prece-
dence not onely to my Ladie of Buckingham , but to my Ladies her
daughters alfo : And I affurc my felf, that a lefle puiffant example
then this will ferve to convert our Great Ladies, even to exceed in
England towards the Ladies which are ftrangers, and do but come,
and go.
But the while this Court doth fo apply it felf to do my Lady of
Buckingham all imaginable honour, I look on it fo, as that I am no
way difcouraged thereby from bearing devotion to the bleffed Vir-
gin, when I fee that men, who are fick of love towards the Son, are
put even by a kind of Law of nature into pain, till they revenge them-
fclves upon the Mother. I bcfcech Jcfus, &c.
from Bulloign. *.
Dr.
Dr. Sharp to King James.
in Complaint ^Europe our ^Mother,
T
O whom / To the Kings and Princes of Europe. Of whom ?
Of the Pope of Rome. For what matter ? Forcaufing by his
Catholique League fo much bloud to be fpiit within thefe few yeares
in Europe. To this effect, as that excellent Poet fpeaks , with a lit-
tic change of his words,
guis non Europao funguine pi*gttior.
Campw fepulchra impi* prali*
Teftatur . ? AH&tnmfy TurcU
Europa* foHttttm ruina f
ui gttrges out qn& flvmina lugttlris
Ignara hetti t qu Mare Civica
NOH decolsrav&e cades ?
gu& C tret or* cruorenoflro}
And what further danger is it like to breed ? Even to bring the
7r^into Attftri*, Ittlj, Cjermanj, into Vienna^ and into Rome it fclf,
as it hath brought hhn into Pannonia^ and of late into Polloniato the
great danger of all Chriftcndome. Which danger {he doth forefee }
and lament, and telleth,Thatno European King hath fought to com-
pound thefe bloudy home- quarrels but the King of Great BrittAiH.
Shemoft humbly defires the reft of the Princes , that they would
Commiferatcher moftafflidtedeftate; her Cities taken, herhoufes
fpoiled, her children murthercd t her Matrons and Virgins defloured,
her waies full of Thieves, her Seas of Pyrates, all the helps of life
taken from her in many parts, her flocks and herds fcattercd, her
Tillage ceafed, her Trade decayed, the Lawes filent, Learning fal-
len, good manners ruined, neither fear of God left> nor care of men.,
that all things feem to tend to the firft Chaos, &c. And therefore
{he doth befeechthe Princes to whofctruft God bath cqmmitted.not
to whofe power he hath permitted his two Wards, two Twins, the
Common Wealth, and the Church as to Guardians, that they will
look better to their charge.
And firft, not fuffer the Commonwealth of Chciftendojn fcjy
their armcs (at the Popes fccrct inftigation) to be.deftroyed, and to
shis
2V. Sharp to King Jaracir
this end (he firft ufeth the example of good Heathen Emperouis to
perfwade them as Augufiut^ Vtfyajitn^ Titn*^ Nerva, Traj,m, Anto-
ttinw, Marcus Aureliw, Alexander Severtts, Probm j that they will
fettle peace at home, and by joynt Forces make War abroad upon
the Common enemy of their Kingdomes, and fo make the Common-
Wealth to Honour them, being made by them, rich in wealth, ftrong
in power, famous in glory, honeft in manners, the felicity of every
earthly Common-Wealth.
Now for the other Ward,or Twin.the Church,the Heavenly Com-
mon-Wealth, becaufe (he hath before profeffed,that as (he had been
Jong a Pagan, fo now by the Grace of God, hath long been a Chri-
ftian, and did take this to be her greateft honour, to be the harbour
of the Chriftian Church, (he ftirres them up to be more careful by
the example of the beft Chriftian Efaperours, Conft*ntie t Jovinian,
Gratia*, Theodofitts , Arcaditu, Honoriw^ fharlemaign, and his Sons
Z^4r^,and LodovicHt^tQ defend her from herefies within,and from
violence without.
And now (he begins to tell them, That as one walking with others
in the Sun; not thinking on it, muft needs be Sun-burned; fo (he
walking with her reformed children in this new-rifen Sun of the Go-
fpcl of Chrift, did feel her felf coloured (as it were) with the Spirit
of Chrift, by obfervingthe differences between the two Churches
with great indiffercncie.
Here becaufe (he hath before challenged the Pope and the Jefuites
of cruelty , and pcrfwading firft, that as men they fhould fparc
humane bloud.
Secondly, as Europeans they (hould fpare Europe** blood.
Thirdly, as Chrifhans they (hould fparc Chriftian blood.
She is firft thus anfwcred by the Pope fpeaking for himfelf, and
his Jefuites, That they are not the authors of (hedding Chriftian
blood, but haeretical blood : And that her reformed fonnes (as (he
terms them) are not Chriftians, becaufe they be no Catholiques
And therefore Hereticks to be taken away by death, according to
the fentcnce of St. Paul , Hxreticum homincm poft unam ant alter am
*Ano*itionem devit* ; Hoc eft de vita tolle, as Cardinal ssftten doth ex-
pound it,and according to the Decree of the Councel of Later An.
And where I pray -you was this your Reformed Church before
Luther ? And as for my Jefuites you call them bloudy, even as you
call your Phyfitians bloodic, who for driving away a Peftilential
leaver, do take more corrupt and putrified blood from the party
then they would;
And
Df . Sh*ifp 16 tbt Duke */ Buckingham.
4nd thereupon, tic doth twitt Erope&s an old doting Sifylti, in
her youth, being the Concubine of one Tattrtu, whom (he feigned to
be Jupiter, to cover her fault, with the greatneffe of her lover , who
did alfo O ivc her the name of this divided World, that by the honour
of her title, ftie might cxcufe the (hame of her faft ; And bytes the
fond Oratour, that put this perfon upon her, a whelpof Luthfrsthut
makes this Minion to accufc him before the Princes of Homicide, or
an infenfible piece of Earth to plead his Caufc.
To which Ettrofe anfwereth,
Firft,forher felf;
Then for the Church.
This Summe I thought good toprefenttoyourMajeftie,if itplcafe
your judgment, I fliall bring the whole work to your Majeftie when
I ami|tcovered.
And thus craving pardon of your Majeftie for troubling your
greater thoughts , though this tend to the good of Chriftendomc
which you intend, I reft
Your Majefties
Moft humble Chaplain,
Leonet Shtrf.
Dr. Sharp tttbc Duke of Buckingham.
Mtjit plttfcyour gr*ce,
1 T is not my purpofe to advife, but to attend what others (hall de-
1 terminc of the Match of the PaUtinate ; but if that be broken off,
and this not reftored according to promifc, every one may conceive
that Peace muft give place to War abroad; but with whom, and
where, and how it is to be made, it is for an higher Councel, then for
any private man to refolve.
Peace wcrebeft, if it had T^ibil ittftditrutu, as Titttj faith; but it
is to be feared that the malice of the Catholique League doth, and
will hinder the work of the Kings moft Noble and Chriftian hearr e
and then it will be a War wrapt in the name of Peace.
A juft War is the exercifc of Faith, as Ptter Mtrtjr well collects
L I OUB
Dr.
out of thofe Wars which thofe Worthic Kings and Princes Heb. i r,
fought for their God and his Ifrael : fo war is juft which is nadc for
the maintenance of Gods true religion, and for the fafety of the
Common Wealth, either for the keeping of that we have, or re-
covering of that we have loft.
Every one therefore doth rejoyce to fee the King and his Subjects
fo joyned in love together, and in the purpofe of this defence, every
one I mean that is a trufc Chriftian, and goodfubjeft ; and do wifh
that two things prefently were added ,care at home to Coupe up all
falfc'-heartedSubje&s,that are known, and provifion to meet with
thcfccret, and open pradifes of fuchforraign Enemies, as are like
to abet them
The good policies of the former reign in fuch times is the beft
prefidentforthis^t this time. The heads were then committed
lUttratiGttftodi&t divided from their inferiour parts, the Papiftsjjjlifar-
med, their clawes pared,that they might not hurt us , the lawes exe-
cuted upon thejefuites and Priefts, fire-brands of (edition, and re-
bellion withal : Or if not blood drawn of them, yet clofe impri-
fonment,or baniftvnrent en joyned them..
Large fubfidies granted to prepare the Navie, and pay the armies."
And a great while no war proclaimed, but brave Adventurers fent
forth as to Portugal, the Groine> to the Weft-Idie^ &c. And before
Letters of reprifal granted to the Marchants to make up their lodes,
a RoVe/afid^foranO/iver, becaufe they had granted Letters of Marc
againft us. By this meanes Carricks were brought in, the treaftire of
their Weft' Indian mines laid for at their return, fo to make war up-
on them with their own mony, till they had made the enemie ban-
kerout, and to break with their banqucrs of Aufpwi, and Genua^
that he was not able to pay his Souldiers, and garrifons ; and flill
the Low-countries flrongly affifted,and war made upon the enemie
there, Or at home, at his own doorcs, which was more Noble, gain-
ful and fafe for us for we ftill had peace and plenty at home, though
war abroad.
I know not.how the cafe ftands now between us, and the Sp*-
nlarfo^ but ; me thinks it fhould not be very well, when nothiag will
fatisfie him, but the head of him, that fpakethe truth for the good
of the King and kingdom. Certainly if we break with him, asthey
which fit at the Helm know what is beft to do, he is rcadie to ftrike,
and-will peradventure ftrike quickly before we be fully prepared,
therefore our preparations had need to be more fpeedie,&- thorough,
left we /all into the fnare> White they were treating of peace in 88.
they,
Dr. Sharp to the Jtoke ^/Buckingham.
id even then invade us. I pray God they have not ufed this
t> eatie of marriage to as bad a purpofc; for it feemes they never did
intend it, but for delayes, and to make it fervc their turn, they have
plainly ubufed us in the Palatinate therereby. But I can fay nothing
for the prefent, yet what is to be done, it is proper to an higher,
judgment ; onely I tell what was then, when we were enemies.
I remember in 88. waiting upon the Earl of Lticefttr at Tilbvrj
Camp , and in 89. going into Portugal with my Noble Matter the
Earl of Ejfex t l learned fomewhat fit to be imparted to your
Grace.
The Queen lying in the Campc one night, guarded with her armie,
the old Lord Treafurer Burleigh came thither, and delivered to the
Earl the examination of T> on Pedro, who was taken, and brought ia
by Sir Francis Drake, which examination the Earl of Lricefttr deli-
vered unto me to publifti to the armie in my next fermon. The fura of
it was this.
Den Tedro being asked what was the intent ef their coming, (tout-
ly anfivcred thc.Lords,What? But to fubdue your Na:ion,and rooj it CQfiffin.
out.
Good,faid the Lords, and what meant youthen to do with the
Catholiques ? He anfwered,We meant to fend them ( good men) di-
redly ; unto Heaven, as all you that are Heretiques to hell . Yea
but faid the Lords, what meant you to do with your whips of cord,
and wyer ? (whereof they had great ftore in their (hips )\Vhat f faid
he, W"e meant to whip you Heretiques to death, that have aiTifted
my Matters Rebels, and done fuch difhonours to our Catholique
King, and people t Yea, but what would you have done (faid they)
with their young Children ? They f faid he) which were above fcven
yearesold,(hould have gone the way their fathers went, the. reft
fhould have lived, branded in the forehead with the Letter L. for
Lutheran ,to perpetual bondage.
This I take God to witneffel received of thofe great Lords up-
on examination taken by the CounceJ, and by commandemcnt deli-
vcred it to the armie.
The Queen the ncKt moroing rode tlirough all the Squadfonsof
her armie, as Armed Tafia* attended by Noble Footmen, LficcfttVt
Efcx^ and Norris then Lord Marftial, and divers other great Lords.
Where (he made an excellent Oration to her armie, which the next
day after her departure, I was commanded to rcdeliver to all the Ar-
mie together,to keep a PubliqueFaft.
t la Hr.
Dr. Sharp MtkiJkke
Her wordt were ihefe.
Y loving people, we have been perfwaded byfome, that arc
Lcarefulof ourfafcty,to take heed how we commit our felf to
armed multitudes- for fear of treachery : but I aflureyou, I do notdc-
firetoliveto diftruft my faithful, and loving people. Let Tyrants
fear, I have alwayes fo behaved my felf, that under God I have pla-
ced my chiefeft ftrength, and fafeguard in the loyal hearts and good^
will of my fubicds. And therefore 1 am come amongft you as you
fee, at this time, not for my recreation, and difport,but being re-
folvedin the midft, and heat of the battaile to live, or die amongft
yoaalljtolay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and for my
people, my Honour, and my blood even in theduft. I know Ihave
the bodie, but of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and
Stomach of a King, and of a King of E*gU*d too, and think foul
fcorn that Parma or Spain, or any Prince of Europe (hould dare to
invade the borders of my Realm, to which rather then any drflionour
fhall gr*w by rne, I my felf will take up arms, I my felf will be your
General, Judge, and Rewarder of everrc one of your virtues in the
field. I know alreadie for your forwardnefle,you have deferved re-
wards and crownes,and we do aflure you in the word of a Prince,
thcyftiallbc duly paid you. In the mean time rny Lievetenant Ge-
neral (hall be in my ftcad, then whom never Prince commanded a
more Noble or worthie fubjed, not doubting-bur by your obedi-
ence to my. Generally your Concord in the Camp; and your va-
lour in the field , we (hall fhortly have a famous vidorie over thofe
enemies of my God, of my Kingdomes, and of my People.
This I thought would delight your Grace, and no man hath it but
iny .felf., and fuch as I have given it to, and therefore I made bold to
fead it unto you, if you have it not already;
I would I could perfwade your Grace, either to read your felf, or
to.command your Secretaric to gather out of the Hiftorie of Spain
tranflated into Englifh towards the end five or fix leaves, whicfrhath
matter of great importance fit-Tor the Parliament, efpeciallie for two
points,; trie one concerning the fetled intention of the State
ogainft g/4W,wbenfoever they can get an opportunity ; the other
coflcerningtheniai&reafons-offtate, which moved tht Qieen, and
CpunocJ 9 ihento take Hperrhet: tbe^protc&ion of the Low-coun-
B q-J37i
Tfcey
Dr. Sharp to tie fiuke of Buckingham. 261
'."hey were of two fores, the firft inherent in the Perfon of the
Prince then being, which died with her, (as fome think) the Quarrel
being then between the Queen, and King of Sp*i t 'Philip the fecbnd,
which are faid to be buried in their graves ; the other inherent in
their eftates, which live with them, and remain in the heart of the
State of Spain againft us, whofcrever is their King.
And this appeareth by a large Difputation of State had before the
King of ty/s/X and blab'd out by their Chronicler in many words,
wherein pro et contra two do argue. The one, who proves that the
Netherlands their Rebels are firft to be conquered, that it may fcrve
them as a rife to the Conqueftof England, and the reafons for that
project. The other, who proves, that the Engliflj 'are firft to be con-
quered, the fopportcrs ofthofe their Rebels, and for a rife to the Em-
pire of Chriftendome, and the reafons for the project, and fpecially
for that itis moreeafienowforthedifufeofarmes in England^ fo
that /**/ is not now that England which it hath been,&c.
And the mean, how they may win themfelves into us by a Treatie
of Marriage, as (JMariana blabs it out in general, that which the
Prince hath tryed, and your Grace hath uttered in Parliament in fpe-
cial,that Coltoquia de Contrattibn*, arc with them MerA ludibriaparata
tMtum Regum aaintis, Ne noceant diftintndis t dam ea CJM& ipft intfttdttnt^
perficiantttr. Which Cjuicciardine alfo doth in general affirm; Tha*
the Spaniards bring more things topafleby Treaties, and fubtiltics,
then by force of Armes.
And that you may truly underftand the full intention of the Spa-
wwrrfto the ftate of this Kingdom, and Church, I would your Grace
would read a notable Difcourfe of the late moft Noble Earl of Effex,
made by the Commandment of Queen Elizabeth ^\\& debated before
her Majcftie, and her CounceJ concerning this point; Whether Peace
or War was to be treated with * Spain) The Lord Tiuckbttrft fpeaking
for a Treatie of Peace, to the which the Noble Queen, and her old
Lord Treafurer inclined : The Earl fpeaking for War, becaufe no
fafe peace could be made with that State for 3 , fpecial Reafons,which
are in that Treatife fet down at large, which is not fit for me yet to
deliver by writing, but there you fhail find them. Your Grace may
have the book of divers Noblemen your friends. If you ha^e ic .
not (if I may underftatid your pleafure) I wil) get it for you. It was
of that effed, that it brought the Queen, andTreafurcr contrary to
their purpofc to his fi<k., for the very neceffity of the common fafie-
tie.
Your Lordfhlp having angrcd them, and endeared your felf ec u$;
you had need to look to your felfj you are as odious to them as < ver
the Earl ofEjftx WAS.
The JcfuiteWityWfeton one of the (table (Squire) or.ewellaf-
fc&ed to my Lord> to poyfon therefts of his Chair. And feeing
they ftrike attheMinifters, which deal effectually for IMS Church,
(witncffe worthy Doctor white) what will they do to fuch Pillars of
State as you arc ? The Lord prefcrve your Grace, and watch over
you. And thus I red
Your Grace his moft humble
at Commandment,
Leonel Sbtrp.
The Lerd Cromwell to the Duke, 8. Scptcmb.
1625.
JM*j it fletfe jour Grace,
I Am now returned from mine own home, and am here at
neer Mr. Btrtemacki, making my felf ready to attend your Com-
mand in the beft manner my poor fortunes will give me leave, and
with what fpeed I may. Some things I have fent to Plymouth, and
Come Gentlemen, for as when I come there, I hope to find that your
Lordfhip hath appointed roe a good failing (hip, and one, that (hall
fce able to play her part with the bcft and proudeft enemy, that dare
look danger in the face .
Though your Grace hath placed a Noble Gentleman in the Regi-
ment was intended to my Lord of Ejfex^ei I will not defpair of your
favour, or that you will not give me fome tafte of it, as well as to any
other. I will ftudy to be a, deferving Creature, and whether you
vill pleafe to look on me with an affectionate eye or no, I will love,
honour, and fervc you, with no lefle truth, and faith, thin thofe you
fcave moft obliged. What concerns me, I will not here fpeak of for
fear I oflfend. My prayers ftiall ever attend you,and my curfes thofe,
that wifli you worfe then their own foules. Divers I do meet, that
fey your Grace hath parted with your place of the Mafterfliip of the
.Horfe, which makes the world fufped, that fome disfavour your
Lordftiip
Lord Cromwell td the Dake.
' Lore (hip is growing into : And that this prime feather of yours
. being lofx, or parted with (be it as it will) it will not be long ere the
reft follow.
They ofTer to lay wagers, the Fleet goes not this year, and that of
neceffitie fhortly a Parliament muft be, which when it comes, fureic
will much discontent you. It is wondered at, that fince the King ,
did give fuch great gifts to the Dutchcffe of Cbeverrux , and thofe,
that then went, how now a fmall fumme in the Parliament fhould be
called for at fuch an unfeafonable time : And let the Parliament fir
when it will, begin they will, where they ended. They fay the beft
Lords of the Councel knew nothing of Count Mansfelts journey, or
this Fleet, which difcontents even the beft fort, if not all; They fay
it is a very great burthen, your Grace takes upon you , fincc none
knowes any thing but you. It is conceived, that not letting others
bears part of the burthen you now bear, it may ruinc you; (which
heaven forbid ) Much difcourfe there is of your LordOiip here , and
there, as I patted home, and back, and nothing is more wondered
at, then that one Grave man is not known to have your Ear except
my good, and Noble Lord Comvaj. All men fay, if you go not with
the Fleet you will fuffer in it, becaufc if it profper, it will be thought
no ad: of yours; and if it fucce-ed ill, they fay it might have been
better, had not you guided the King. They fay your undertakings
in the Kingdom,and your Engagements for the Kingdome,will much
prejudice your Grace.
And if God bleflfe you not with goodneflfe as to accept kindly, what
in dutieaad love, I here offer j queftionlcffc my freedom in letting
you know the difcourfe of the world, may much prejudice me. But
if I muft lofe your favour, I had rather lofe it for ftriving to do you
good in letting you know the talk of the wicked world, then for any
thing elfe, fo much I heartily defire your prorperitie, and to fee you
trample the ignorant multitude under foot.
All I have faid is the difcourfe of the world, and when I am able to
judge of your actions, I will freely tell your Lordfhip my mind.
Which when it (hall not be alwaies really inclined to ferveyou, may
all noble thoughts forfake me. Becaufc I feldom am honoured with
. your Ear, I thus make bold with youralUdifcerning eye, which I
pray God may be inabled with power and ftrcngth, daily to fee inta
them that defire your ruine. Which if it once be,I will never believe,
but fo good a King will conftantly inable you daily with power to
confound them.
Many men wofild flo,t bt thus bold and faucie, If I find you diftaftc
me-
\,
2 4 Sir Robert Philips to the Puke 0/Bockingliarm
me for my refped to you. I will refpecl: my poor fclf (who ever hath
honoured you) fo much as hereafter to be filent. So 1 kiffe the no-
ble hands of your Grace.
Your Lordfliips fci /ant,
during life,
Tho. CromWeff.
Sir Robert Philips to the Duke ^/Buckingham,
21. Auguft, 1624*
it plc*fe jour Grtce,
BEforc the receipt of that Difpatch, with which you were pleafed
to honour me from esfpthorp, dated the laft of f ttlj , I was fully
determined at your return to iPoodftock* to have prefented your Grace
my moft humble and faithful fervicc, and by that means to have ob-
tained the knowledge in what (late and condition of health you had
paffed this part of the progrefTe. Your former weaknefie, together
with the dangerous temper of the feafon, giving me caufe both to
doubt % and pray againft the worftj But I found my felf then to be
more ftridly obliged to the performance of this dutie, when I recei-
ved from your Grace fo clear, and abundant a teftimonie, as well of
your good opinion, as of the truft you repofed in me. Obligations
certainly of that nature, and of fo large an extent as do with reafon
deprive me of all degree of libcrtie, and juftly fubjedt me to a per-
petual ftate of fervitude,and obedience to all your Graces Comman-
dements.
I have diligently perufed my Lord of Sriftoh an(wer t which it plea-
fed your Grace to communicate unto me. And although it become
me not, neither will I prefume to give my opinion of the ftrength,
or weaknefle thereof.yct will I take the liberty to fay thus much,Thac
I find in his cafe that to be verified which I have obferved at other
times, (to wit) That when able and prudent men come to ad their
own Paris, they arc then for the moft part not of the cleareft fight,
and do commonly commit fuch errours, as are both difccrnable and
avoidable, even by men of mean abilities.
Being now fallen to fpcak of this Lord, I humbly befeech your
Lordihip to give me leave plainly and briefly to fct before you fome
Cogitations of mine own, touching his prefcnt occafion.
Firft,
Sir Robert Philips t$ the Duke of Buckingham.
Firft, that it may be maturely confidered, Whether the tcndring
bun an/ further charge, unto which he may be able to frame a pro-
bable fatisfadorie anfwer, will not rather ferve to declare his inno-
cencie, then to prepare his Condemnation, and fo inftead of prefiing
him, rcfled back with difadvantage upon the proceeding againft
him.
Secondly, That your Grace would be pleafed to confult with your.
felf, whether you may not dcfift from having him further queftioncd,
without either blemifh to your Honour, or manifcft prejudice to the
fervice: Considering that you have (to your perpetual glory) al-
ready diffolved and broken the Spanifh partie, and rendrcd them
without cither the means, or the hope of ever conjoyning in fuck
fort together again, as may probably give the leatt difturbanccor
impediment to your Graces waies anddefigns,
Andlaftly, Although his Lordfhip in fundry places of his anfwer,
efpecially in the latter part, doth feem diredly to violate the rule of
the * prudent Marriner, who in foul weather, and in a ftorm, is ac- *p r ovi~
cuftomed (to prevent (hipwrack) rather to pull down, then to fet up d entt
his failes. NeverthelefTe as this cafe ftands, it deferves to be tho-
rowjy pondered, which of the two waies will mod conduce to your
Graces purpofe^ and is likely to receive the bed interpretation and
fuccefs,cirher to have him dealt with after a quick and round manner,
or otherwife to proceed flowly and moderately with him, permit-
ing him for a time to remain where he is, as a man laid afide, and in
the way to be forgotten. A date of being (if I miftake not his com-
plexion) which will be by him apprehended equivalent to the fevered
and {harped cenfure, that poflibly can be inflided on him.
Thus have I over-boldly adventured to prefent unto your Grace ^
thefe few Queries and Propofals,which they might be both inlarged,
and more forcibly urged ; yet to avoid the being too tedious, I have
chofen to omit the further infifting upon them, till fuch time, as I
may have the honour and fclicitie of being neer your pcrfon. At this
prefent it (hall fuffice, humbly to befeech your Grace, to be afluredly
perfwaded, that what I have now delivered in this fubjeft, doth not
proceed from any over- indulgent refpeft I bear cither to the pcrfon,
or fortune of my Lord of Briftol\ though I (hould not be forry, that
like a prudent man he might by his difcreet application to your
Grace, reader himfelf capable to be again readmitted to your love
and favour. But the motive which hath induced me principally to
ufe this plainneiTc and libertie, is the Confideration, how important-
ly (as I conceive) the well ordering and difpofing this particular,doth
Mm concern
k title Dttke.
concern your Graces fervice. Unto the advancement and furthe-
rance whereof, if I may be able now, or at any time to contribute the
leaft proportion, I ftall efteem my felf moft bappie, and- more then
abundantly rewarded, in cafe that my right humble endeavours in
that kind may receive from your Grace a favourable and acceptable
conftrudion.
I will conclude this Letter with a twofold prayer ; firft to you for
my felf, that your Grace will be pleafedto pardon this boldnefle.
Next to God for you, that he will give you health, and length of
dales for his Majefties fcrvice,and the good and honour of this Com-
mon-wealth, 1 humbly crave leave to remain
Your Graces
Moft obedient and devo-
ted fervant,
Rob. Philips.
The Earl of Middlefcx to the Duke.
Rigkt Noble , andm) mo& honoured Lord,
I Have received divers Letters from your Lordfliip fince your going
from 7ik <?*/*//, which though they concern feveralmen, and in
fundry kinds, yet they all conclude upon diminution of his Maje-
fties eftate, contrary to your general ground, when his Majeftie de-
livered me the StafTe, and contrary to your Lordftiips private directi-
ons given me at Theobalds, with which I did your Lordftiip the right
to acquaint the King.
I have of late had caufe to take into conlideration the miferable
condition of my prcfent cftate, who fince I received the ftaffe, have
led fuch a life, as my very enemies pity me, which I forefaw, the di-
ftraftion of the Kingscftate, and burthen of that place, would of ne-
ceffitic throw upon me. Yet my dutie, love and thankfulnelTe to his
Majeftie, and my love and thankfulnefle to you, contrary to my own
judgment, and advice of my friends, made me undertake it, little
txpeftingthefeCroffc accidents, which have lyen heavy upon me,
and snore troubled one, then the continual cares and vexations of my
pfccc.
I
The E4rl of Middlcfex to bii UUa]eftie.
I do moft freely and willingly acknowledge one man cannot be
more bound unto another, then I am to your Lordfhip; and if I do
not make a thankful return, let me be held an ungrateful Monfter,
which is the worft of Villains.
I have been fo ambitious as to defire to extend my gratitude fo
fair, as that the King may have caufe to thank you for preferring me,
and that your Lordfliip may bleffethe timeyou-didit, To effed
that, I (hall delight to live a miferable life for a time. The courfe
which muft of neceffitie be held to do it, I will acquaint your Lord-
(hip with very (hortly, which I hope you will be pleafed to approve,
and affift me in. And then I will expreffe my thankfulnefle to you
that way : If that courfe (hall not like you, I will not onely deliver
you up my places, but whatfoever I bold from the King, and live
privately upon mine own eftate. For I wil 1 never fell fo good and
gracious a Matter, nor fo noble and conftant a friend ruined, and
undone. God blefleyou, and fend you your hearts defire. A*
for my felf, I never defired to quit the World, and all the foole-
ries in it , till now.
Your Lordfliips
Faithfulleft fervant, and
Kinfman,
\'mno rnt-iij svoffi o: ;,
-
._ _ . _ __ _ -.-
The E*rl of Middlcfex t* M& Majejlie>
26. April, 1624.
Sacred MtjefttCt ttnd mj moftgrAci&ttt Mafler^
YOur goodnefle is fuch to me your opprefled fervant in this my
time of perfecution, as I know not how to exprcfle rny thank-
fulnefTe otherwife then by pouring forth my humble and heartic
prayers to the great God of heaven and earth, to grant your Majeftic
all happineffehere, and evcrlafting happineffe hereafter.
Between 5. and 6. of the clock upon Saturday in the evening, I
received my Charge from the Lords aflembled in Parliament, with
an Order, by which I am commanded to make my appearance at
the Bar upon Thurfday next by 9. of the clock in tne morning
M m a with
tljt 4r/0/Md<)[lcfcx n his
with my anfwer : And in the mean time to examine my wit-
nefies.
This Charge of mine hath been in preparing, by examining of
witncffcs upon oath, and otherwife, 23. daies. And 'hath been
weighed by the Wifdom of both Houfes, and doth concern me fo
neerly in point of honour, and faith to your Majeftie to anfwer well,
as I value my life t nothing in companion of it.
I may grieve, though I will not complain of any thing my Lords
(hall be plcafed to Command ; but do hope, that upon a fecond con- .
fideration they will not think three daies a fitting time for me to*
make my Anfwer, and to examine witnefTesin a caufe of fuch im-
portance, and fo neerly concerning me, when twenty three daies
hath been fpent almoft from morning until night in preparing my
Charge.
I know the Honfe (whofe Judgment I (hall never defirc to wave)
is the proper place for me to move to be refolved herein, and there-
fore fhall upon Wcdnefday morning make my humble motion there
to have 7. daies longer time, as well to make my anfwer, and appea-
rance, as to examine my witneflcs, which are many, and upon feveral
heads.
But bccaufe the Prince his Highneffe, and many of the Principal
Lords are now with your Ma jeftie at VV'tndfor^ my moft humble fuit
to your Majeftie is, That yon would be pleafed to move them on my
behalf,to yield me fo much further time, that my Caufe may not fuffer
prejudice for want of time to make my juft defence,that which I have
propounded being as moderate as is pofllble.
With my moft humble Sndheartic prayer to Almightie God for
continuance of your health with all happincfle, I humbly kiflc your
Royal hands, and will ever reft
- . jH '" Your Majefties moft
humble, &c.
';--. .-' ''
*Ike iV/^Carlilc to his UMtjc&ie, 14. February.
CMtjlft p/ea/c jour mojl Excellent Majeftie,
T Hough myprefent indifpoficion deprives me of the Honour to
attend your Majeftic with the reft of the Commiffioners, with
whom your Ma jcfty was pleafed to aflbciate me j yet I moft humbly
befeech your Majeftie to give me leave in alljhumility to rcprefent un-
to your Majeftie, what my heart conceiveth to be moft for your
Majefties fervice in the prefcnt conjuncture of your affaires. Du-
ring this time of my diftemper, Ihavc becnvifited by divers Gen-
tlemen of quality , who arc Parliament- men , none of thofe popu-
lar, and plaufible Oratours, but folid, and judicious good patri-
ots, who fear God, and honour the King, Out of their difcourfcs^
I colleft , That there arc three things, which do chiefly trouble your
people.
Thefirft, that for the fubfidies granted, the twolaft Parliament*,,
they have received no retribution by any bills of Grace.
The fecond, that fomc of their Burgefles were proceeded againft
after the Parliament were diflblved.
And the third, that they mifdoubt, that when they (hall have fa-
tisfiedyourMajeftics demands and dcfires, you will ncvertheleflc
proceed to the conclusion of the Spanifh match. It would be too
much importunity to trouble your Majeftie with the feveral anfwers
which I made to their objeftion$,and would be too great preemption
In meetoadvife your Majefties incomparable*wifdomc whatfhould
be fitteft to be done for your Majefties honour, and the contentment
of the people 5 yet if it would pleafe my Lord the King, to give his
humbleft Creature leave to give vent to the loyal fervour of his heart, ,
reftlcfle, and indefatigable in continual meditation of his Gracious
Matters honour and fervice,! would thus with all humble fubmiffipn
explain my felf. That there is nothing which either the enemies of
this State , or the perverfc induftry of falfe-hcarted fervants
could invent more mifchievous, then the mifunderftandings which
have grown between your Majeftie , and yowr people : nothing that
will more di(hcarten the envious Maligners of your Majefties feli-
city, and incourage your true hearted friends, and Servants, then
the removing of thofe. falfc feares, and jealoufies, whicfc arc meer
imaginarie Phantafmes, and bodies of ayr eafily diflipated,whenfo-
everitftiall pleafe the fun of your Majeftie, to fhew ic felf clearly in-
Usjiative brightneflc, luftre, and gpodncfle ..
TLeE4rl0fCw\\\c to bis Ma]ejlie'.
God and the World do know the fcope, and the end of all your
Majefties pious affedions, and endeavours to have been no other,
thenthefetlingofanuniverfal peace in Christendom j (a felicity
only proper for your Majefties time, and only pofiible to b 5 procured
by your incomparable goodnefle, and wifdom)but fince the malice of
the Divel, and deceitful men, have eroded thofe fair wayes wherein
your Majeftie was proceeding, abufing your truft,and goodnefle, (as
Innocencie,andgoodnefTe are alwayes more eafily betrayed then
wilineffe, and malice) you muft now caft about again, and fail by
another point of the compafife,and I am confident your Majcftie will
more fecurely, and eafily attain, your Noble and pious end, though
the way be different.
The meanes arc briefly thefe three.
Firft let your Ma jefties enemies fee, that the Lion hath teeth, and
clawes.
2. Next, imbracc and invite a ftrid.and finccrefriend(hip,and af-
fociation withtbofe whom neighbourhood and alliance, and com-
mon intereft of ftate and religion have joyncd unto you.
3. And laft of all, caft off, and remove jealoufies, which are be-
tween your Majcftie and your people,
Your Majeftie muft begin with the laft, for upon that foundation,
you may afterwards fet what frame of building you pleafe. And
when (hould you begin(Sir) but at this overture of your Parliament
by ai.gracio.us, clear, and confident difcovery of your intentions to
your People. Fear tfoem not (SirJ never was there a better King,
that had better fubjeds, if your Majeftie would truft them. Let them
but fee, that you love them, ancj conftantly rely upon their humble
acjvice, arid readic afiiftance, and your Majeftie will fee, how they
'will tear open their breafts, to give you their hearts,and having them,
your Majeftie is fure of thcirhands, and purfes. Caft but away fome
crums of your Crown amongft them,and your Majeftie will fee thofe
crums will make a miracle, they will fatisfie many thoufands. G ive
them afiurance that your heart was alwayes at home, though your
eyes were abroad j Invite them to looke forward, and not backward,
and conftantly maintain, that with confidence you undertake, and
your majeftie will find admirable effects of this harmonious concord.
Your Majeftie as the head directing, and your people as the hands
and feet, Obeying and co-operating for the honour,fafety,and welfare
ofthcbodieofthe State This will revive, and reunite your friends
abroad, and difmay , ariddifappoint the hopes of your enemies, fe-
curc your Ma jefties pcrfon , affureyour eftate, and make your me-
moric glorious to pofterity. Pardon
The Etrlof Carlile to the Duke.
Pardon I moft humbly befeech your Majeftie, this licentious free-
done, tt*iich the zeal of yourfafetic and fervice, hath extorted from
a tongue-tyed man, who putteth his heart into his Majefties hand,
andhumUj proftratcth hknfclf at your Royal feet, as being
Your Majefties
Moft humble, mod obedient
obliged Crcature.Subjed,
and Servant,
Carlile.
^ , , ; : -
The Evl o/Cariile ;* the Duke, the 20. of
November, 1625,
Afj mojt Noble dear Lord,
Since my Laft to your Lordfhip by Mr. Endimion Porter^ there bath !
not happened any matter of great moment, or alteration here, fa-
ving the refolution (which his Majeftie hath taken by the advice of
his Councel) for the 4ifarming of all the Popifh Lords. In the exe-
cution whereof there fell out a brabble at the Lord V*ux his houfc
\&,N*tb-l#mtt*iJbire t wherein there were fome blowcs exchanged
between the faid Lord, and Mr. Knightly, a Jufticc of the Peace, who*
afiifted the Deputie Lievtenant in thatadion. Whereof complaint
being made, his Majeftie was plea fed bimfelf in Councel to have the
hearing of the bufinefle, and upon examination to refer the judge-
ment thereof to the Star- Chamber the next Term. But at the iffu-
ing out of the Councel Chamber, the Lord V*HX taking occafion to
(peak to Sit William Sptxctr^ (who with the reft had given informa-
tion in favour of Mr.Knight/j,) told him, thatthough he neglefte.d
his reputation before the Lords, yet he doubted nor, but he would
have more care of his oath when the bufinefle fliould come to Exa-
mination in the Star- Chamber. Herewith Sir WWiim Spencer find-
ing his reputation challenged, prefently complained, and thereupon
the-words being acknowledged, the Lord V*ux was committed prifo-
ncr to the Fleet.
In the difarming of the Lords-Kecufants,there was as much refped
bad of foniCi who have relation to your Lordlhip, as you your felf
would defire. The-*
Tie Earl o/ Carlile to tie Dttke.
The Papifts in general here do give fome caufe of jealoufie by their
Combinations and Murmurings, wherein it is fufpefted , uat they
are as fondly, as bufily encouraged by the pragmatical ( Mounfieitrs.
But his Majefties temper and wifdom will be fufficient to prevent all
inconveniencie, which their follieor paffion maycontrrve. There
is one Sir Thomas Cjerrtrd a Recufant brought up hither out ofLan-
ctftire^ being accufe'd of fome treacherous dcfign againft his Majefties
Perfon. Roche/Is fo ftraightly blocked by Sea and Land, as no In-
telligence can be fent into the Town. We have not as yet any clear
Categorical anfwcrs touching the reftitution of our (hips. As foon
as any thing more worthy of your Lordftiips knowledge (hall occur,
you (half not fail to be advertifcd from him that is eternally vowed
Your Graces
Moft faithful friend, and moft
humble fervant,
Carti/t.
I
The Ear I of Car Hie to tbe Duke.
My moft Noble dt*r Lord,
Muft ever acknowledge my felf infinitely obliged to your Lordftiip
for many Noble favours ; but for none more, then the freedome,
and true cordial friendftiipexprefled in your laft Letter touch ing my
fon; And I (hall humbly befeech your Lordftiip in all occafions to
continue that free and friendly manner of proceeding, which I (hall
ever juftly eftccm as the moft real teftimonie of your favour towards
me. Your Lordftiip will now be pleafed to give me leave with the
fame freedom and iinccritie to give your Lordftiip an account, that
it is now 4. moneths fince the Count of Mansfelt made the propofi-
tion to me, to nominate my fon to be one of his Colonels, as he did
likewife te my Lord of Holland for his Brother Sir Char let Rich ^
which at the firft (I rnuft deal plainly with your Lordftiip) I took for
a piece of art, as if he knowing, that next to the benefit and afiiftance
he received from your Lordftiips favour and protection, we were the
moft aftivc inftruments imployed in his bufinefle, and therefore he
fought
7fa Evlof Carlilc u the Dute. 273
fought to ingage us fo much the farther by thii intereft. But after-
wards! found, that under the fliidow of this Complement put upon
me, he had a defire to gratifie Sir Jamet Ramfey, whom he defigned to
be my fon; Lievtenant, having regard to his former deferts, and the
courage ard fufficiencie he hath found in him. I profefle unto your
Lordftiipiincerely, that he received no other encouragement, or ac-
ceptance from me then a bare negative ; Infomuch as he afterwards
tent a Gentleman to tell me, That he perceived whatfocver he fhould
expeft from me in the furtherance of his bufincfle, muftbeoncly for
the refpeft I bare to my Matters fervice, and nothing for love of his
perfon, fincc I accepted not the proffer of his fervice. My Lord of
Hollander juftific the truth of this a(Tertion } who alone was acquain-
ted with that which pafled : for I protcft upon my falvation, that I
neither fpake of it to any creature living, not fo much as to my fon,
neither have I written one word thereof to the Count Mtntftlt^ nei-
ther knew I any thing of his proceedings, till by the laft Currier
Mr. Secretarie was pleafed to acquaint me with the nomination of
my fon. If I had fcrioufly intended any fuch thing, I want not fo
much judgment and difcretion, as not firft to difcover my defire to
my gracious Matter, humbly craving his leave, and allowance : ' And
I (hould not have failed to have recourfe to your Lordfhips favoura-
ble afiiftance therein. And thus (my Noble Lord) have 1 given you
an account what entertainment I gave to the Count Mtnsfclts Com-
plement. And I will be bold alfo to give your Lordfhip this fur-
ther aflurance, that no particular interefl, or confideration of mine
own (hall have power to alter my conftant courfe of ferving my gra-
cious Matter faithfully, and induttrioufly. And fo humbly fubmitting
all to his Majetties good pleafure, and your Lordfhips wifdom, I re*
main eternally
Your Graces moft faithful friend,
and humble fervant,
Poftfcript.
I Moft humbly befeech your Lor dfliip that this unfortunate Comple-
Itnent put upon my fon, may be no prejudice to the deferts of Sic
No
1 Find the Qjjeen Mother hath the onely power of governing in this
State, and I am glad to find it fo ,(ince (he proroifes,and profefles,
to ufc it to do careful, and good office* in the way of increafing
the friendfhip that is between us, and this State, and likcwife to re-
lieve, and aflift the united provinces, the which they are preparing to
do fullie, and bravely ; for (he hath now a clear fight of the precen-
tionsoftheKingof S/w*unto the Monarchic ofChriftendom ;dt-
ringthcabfencc of the King, who went out of this town earlie the
next day after I arrived here (before I was prepared to attend him)
I have been often at the Lotture^ where I had thehonour toenter-
tainthe Queen Mother. She was willing to know upon what terras
flood ourSpanifti alliance; I told her that their delayes had been
fo|tedious,that they had fomewhatdifcouraged the King.and had fo
wearied the Prince, and State, which the dilatorie proceedings in ir,
as thatTreatic( I thought) would foon have an end ; She ftreight
faid of marriage, taking it that way ; I told her I believed the ccn-
trarie, and I did fo the rather, becaufe the Spanifh EmbafTadour hath
given it out fince my comming, that the Alliance is fully concluded,
and that my journey had no other end, then to haften hisMafter un-
to it, only to give them Jealoufies of me, becaufe he at this time
feares their difpofitions ftand too well prepared todefire, and affedfc
d conjunction with us. And truly his report, and inftrumentshave
given fotne Jealoufies to the perfons of power in this State, efpeci-
ally fince they find I can fay nothing diredUy unto them ; yet thus
rriuch I have diredly from them, Mounfieur de Vievitltt^ and others,
(but he is the chief guider of all affaires here) That never was the
affection of any State fo prepared to accept all offers of amitic and
alliance, fo we will cleerly, anda difingaged perfons feek it, as is
this; but as a wife minifter he faies, that until we have whollie, and
truly abandoned the treatie with Spaitt, they may lofe the friend(hip
of a brother in law,~~lhatis alreadie fo, in hope of gaining another
that they may fail of. But when we (hall fee it reallie by a publique
Cottorniffion, that may declare all diflblved, that touches upon the
way ofS^w,we (hall then underftand their hearts not to be capa-
ble of more joy, then that will bring them. And the Qoeen Mother
told me fhe had not loft thofe inclinations, that (he hath heretofore
cxprefled to defireher Daughter may be given to the Prince, with
many words of value unto the King, and perfon of the Prince, and
more .
i hen this (he could not (foe thought) well fay,it being moft na-
tural,!, r the woman to be demanded and fought. It is moft certain,
thatunder -hand Spain hath done all that is poffible to procure thi*
State to Jiftentoa xrrofle- marriage, but here they are no wfo well
underftoc d,as-this baite will not be fwallowcd by them. This I have
from a gruve, and honeft man, that would not be brought to juftific
ir, therefore he muft not hear of it. It is the Savq Embafladour,
that is refident here, a wife, and a Gallant Gentleman, who vowcs
this to be moft true. So general a defire was never exprefifed, as is
here for alliance with us: and if the King and Prince have as many
rcafons of State at this time, befides their infinite affeftion here, to
have it fo continued, let it be roundly, and clearly purfued, and then
I dare promifeas rcfpeftive, and fatisfadoric a reception, as can be
imagined, or defired. And if it were not too much faucincfle for me
to advife, I could wifli that the propofitions of a league, and marri-
age may not come together, but may be treated apart, For I doubc
whether it may not be thought a little difhonourable for this King
to give hisfifter conditionallie, that if he will make war upon the
King of Spain his brother, we will make the alliance with him j on the
other part, if the league fhouldbe propounded here, with allthofe
reafons of State,that are now prcfting for them to make it, they have
caufcs to doubt 4 and fo have we too, that we may both be interrupted
in that; for certainly the King of Spain, will(if he can poffibly)pleafe
one fide , the which they think here may be us , with the reftitu-
tion of the 'PtUtinatc, and we may like wife fear may be them, with
the rendring of the fWf0/t*f, thcfc being the only open quarrels we
muft ground upon. Now as long as thefe doubts may potfetfeus
both, this will prove a tedious, and jealous work of both fides ; Bus
if we fall fpcedily upon a treatie, and conclusion of a marriage, the
which will And (lam perfwaded) no long delayei here : neither will
they ftrain us to any unrcafonableneffe in conditions for our Catho-
liques (as far as I can find) then will it be a fit time for to couclndc
a league, the which they will then forcertain do, when all doubts,
and fcaresof fallings off, are by this conjunction taken away, and
the neceffity of then- own affaires, and fafety will then make them
more defire it then we, and fo would they now, if they could think
it fo fure, and fo honourable for them, For the King of Spain hath
fo imbraced them of all fides,as they fear, and juftly, that he will one
day crufti them to their deftrudion. My Lord, I do not prefumc to
fay any thing immediately to the King, thorough your hands, this
I knew will pafleunto him, and if he fhould find any wcakncffe in
Nn 2 this
V ^ -
T& Z#tf Kenfingtor* u the Prince.
this that! have prefumed to fay, let the ftrength of yocr favour e-
c rcife thofc accustomed Noblcnefles that you have alwaj es cxprcded
unto
Your Graces moft hun ble and
obliged Servant,
Kcnftnglon.
Poflfcnpt.
\ 7\ 7 Jthin thefc few dayes your Grace (hall hear again from me?
V y for as yet I have not fcen the King, no otherwife then the
firfr night I arrived here. This night he is come unto the Town
again.
The Lord Kcnfington to the Privet, it. February,
1624.
Find here fo infinite a value of your Perfon, and virtue,as what
Inftrument fo ever (my felf the veryweakcft) having feme com-
mands (as they imagine) from you, (hall receive excefie of honours
from them. They will not conceive me, fcarce receive me,butasa
publique Inftrument for the fervice of an Alliance, that above all
the things in this world, they do fo earneftly defire. The Queen
Mother hath expre(Ted,as far as (he thinks is fie for the honour of her
Daughter, great favour and good will in it. I took the bojdnefle to
tell her ( the which (he took extreamly well) that if fuch a propofiti-
on (hould be made, your HighnefTe could not believe, that (he had
loft her former inclinations, and defires in it j She faid, your truft of
her (hould find great refpcft there is no preparation I find towards
this bufineffe but by her, and all perfwafions of amide made light,
that look not towards this -end* And Sir, if your intentions pro-
ceed this way , as by many reafons of State, and wifdom there is caufe
now rather to preffe it, then flacken it) you will find aLadieofas
ranch Lovelincffe and Sweetneffeto deferveyour affcdion, as any
creature under Heaven can do. And Sir, by all her fafhions fince my
being here, and by what I hear from the Ladies, it is moft vifible to
her infinite yaJue } and refpcc^ unto you. Sir, I fay not this to be-
tray'
The Lord Ken/ingtbn/0 the Dxke.
tray your belief, but from a true obfervation, and knowledge of tni*
to be fo ? l tell you this, and mutt fomewhat more,in way of admira-
tion of the pcrfon of Madam, for the impreilions I had of her were
but ordinary, but the amazement extraordinary to find her, as I pro-
teftto G i did id, the fweeteft Creature in France. .Her growth is
very Httlc, fhort of her age ; and her wifdom infinitely beyond it I
heard her difcourfe with her Mother, and the Ladies about her, with
extraordinary difcretion, and quicknefle. She dances (the which I
am a witncfle of) as well as ever I faw any Creature j They fay
(he fings moft fwcetly I am furc (he looks fo. Sir, you have thou-
fandsofferrantshere, that defire to be commanded by you,but moft
particularly the D. of Chevereux, and Mounfieur Le GVW,who feek
all opportunities to do you fervicc, and have Credit and power to
dofo. Sir, if thefe that are Grangers are thus ambitious of your
Commands, with what infinite paflion have I caufe to beg them,
that am your VafTal , and have no other glory but to ferve you j as
your Highncfle, &c.
Poftfcript.
Sir, The obligations you have unto this young Queen areflfange,
for with that fame affe&ion, that the Queen your fitter would do,
(he asks of you with all the exprcffions that are poffible, of joy,
for your fafe return out of Sptiia, and told me, that flic durft fay, you
were wcarie with being there, and fo fliould flic : though fhe be a
SpaMtard, yet I find (he gives overall thought of your Alliance with
her fitter. Sir, you have the fortune to have refpeds put upon you
unlookt for ; for as in Spain the Queen there did you good offices :
fo 1 find will this fweet Qeen do. Who faid, She was forry, when
you faw them pra&ife their Mafques, that Madam her fitter ( whom
fhc dearly lovesj was feen at fo much difad vantage by you, to be feen
afar off, and in a dark room, whofeperfonand face hath moftlove-
lineffc to be confidered neerly . She made me (hew her your Picture,
the which (he let the Ladies fee with infinite Commendations of your
Pcrfon, faying, She hoped fomegood occafion might bring yonhi-
riief , that they might fee you like your fclft
Jflvf-,^:
\ v
The Lord Kcnfington u the Duke*
M) Lord.
YEfternight being Sunday, I arrived fafe here at Paw. j. was in-
formed as Coon as I came, that the King was refolved after fight
of the Queens Mafque (that was to be performed that fame night,)
that he would go a private journey for 5. or 6. daies to Shaunlie, a
houfe of Mounfieur de Afemorancies.
Being defirous therefore to kiffe his hands before his going , and
to fee the Court in that glory and luftre, as muft for certain be found
upon fuch an extraordinary occafion, I went to the Leumt to the D.
ofChevereux Chamber, where I found him and hisLadie apparrel-
iing themfelvcs for the Mafque, and in fuch infinite riches of Jewels,
ssl(hall never be a beholder of the like worn by Subjeds. I had
.notbecn there above an hour, but the Queen and Madam came thi-
ther, where they (hud a great while. And it was obferved, that
Madam hath feldom put on a more cheerful then that night. There
were forac that told me, I might gueflcatthecaufcofit. My Lord,
I proteft to God, (he is a lovely, fweet young Creature. Her growth
is not great yet, but her ftiapc is pcrfcd, and they all fwcar, that her
fitter the PrincefTe of Piemonnt (who is now grown a tall and a goodly
Ladie ) was not taller then (he is at her age. I thought the
Queen would have put a fafhion of refervation upon me, as not pica-
fed with the breach,and difordcr of the Spanifh Trcatie ; but I found
it far otherwife. She is fo truly Trench, as (it is imagined) (he rather
wi(hes this alliance, then with her own fifter. the King (that was
;fo earfy to go out of the Town) took his reft, while the Ladies were
.making themfelves ready ; but as foon as he waked, he fent for me,
-and purpofcd to have received me as an EmbafTadour. But I intrea-
.tcd the D. tfChtveretix before I went, to let him underftand, that I
came as an humble and thankful fcrvant oncly to kiffe his Ma jetties
hands, and had no other end then to do him fervice. He then recei-
ved me with much freedom and cheerfulnefle, with many queftions
bow the King is fatisficd with his Prcfent by Mounfieur dt BonevAn,
who when I related the Kings liking, and value of it, he was infinite-
ly pleafed. He commanded me to attend him to the Mafque, whidti
was danced by 16. of the greateft Princeffes of franc*, St. Luke only
&eing by the Queen received amongft them,to put a fingular honour,
and value upon her. The King with his Brother had danced a Mafque
the laft Tuefday,with the fame number of perfons of the beft quality;
who this night were to caft Lots, who fhould dance with the iixteen
Ladies,
Tfa lord JCcnfington to the Duke.
Ladies,t icy onely being allowed to dance with them. And all thofe
were fo infinitely rich in Jewels, (embroiderie of gold and filver be-
ing here foroidden)as they had almoft all imbroidered their cloathes
as thick witii Diamonds, as ufually with purle.
I cannot give your Lordfhip any particular account of my fervicc
in any. thing, ycfternight being anunproper time for any fuch thing;
But I am advifed by the Prince fenvile to ftay here till the Kings re-
turn, and I (hall underftand how all things ftand, and that no mans
affedion is fo ftraight and true for the fervice of the King and Prince
as his is, who of himfelf falls into paflionate wiftiesfor an Alliance,
but tells me in much libertie, they have been informed the caufe and
plot of my journey was to fet an edge upon Spain, rather to cutoff
their delates, then to cut the throat of the bufineffe. Bat I gave him
great fatisfadion in that point.
MyLord,thefearepafIagesofmy firft nights being here, matters
ofceremonie; and yet I omit much of that. I thought thcfe too
flight to trouble his Majeftie, or the Prince with, yet I thought it fie
fince this Meflenger goes, to let you fee this outward (how, and
face of this Court, to have as much fweetnefie, fmoothnefife, and
clcarneffe towards ourdefigns as is pofllble. My next Letters (hall
inform you of a further fearch made by me, the which I am confident
will be of the fame nature. And I conceive it the rather, becaufe I
find them in a great alarum atthenewes, that they hare received
frofflZrg*, that the King of Spain makes a Fort upon the mine there
to command both that, and the Town. This they fay hath made
them more clearly fee his vaft ambition to inlarge his Monarchie^nd
do all fpeak the careful and honeft language of our Lower houfe men
how it may be prevented.
I have faid enough, the Meffenger I dare fay thinks too much;
yet this I will add, That I will ftudy to make it appear to the world,
and your felf, by a thankful heart, and to God himfelf in my prayers
for your Lordftip, that I am
Your kordfhips
fl*t* JMoft devoted , and tnoft
humble fervant,
;\ .?pl-*'' ' ; "''V" J '' "*'''
Kenfington.
,
?l-fe&<- '
^
cnfi
w
.ngcon/j/ltf
IF the rw/b Embafladour, or my Lord of C*rlUt wonders I have
not wrictcn unto them, I befeech your Lordfhip, let ,hem know
this Meffenger is not of my fending and in fuch hafte as he cannot be
ftayed.
The Lord Kcnfington to the Prittet*
it fleafe jour
1 Cannot but make you continual repetitions of the value you have
here,to be(as juftly we know you)the moft Compleat young Prince
and perfon in the world. This reputation hath begotten in the fweet
Princeffc Madam, fo infinite an aflfedion to your fame, as (he could
not contain her felf from a paffionate defiring to fee your Pidure,
theftiadowof that perfon fo Honoured, and knowing not by what
means tocompafTeit, it being worn about my neck; for though
Others,as the .Queen and Princefles would open it, and confider it,thc
which ever brought forth admiration from them, yet durft not this
poor young Ladic look any othertvifc on it then afar off, whofe heart
was nearer it then any of the others, that did moft gaze upon it. But
ac the laft (rather then want that fight the which (he was fo impa-
tient of ) fhedefired the Gentlewoman of the houfe where I am lod-
ged, that had been her fervant to borrow of me the picture in all the
fecrefie that may be, and to bring it unto her, faying, She could not
want that Curioiltie as well as others towards a perfon of his infinite
reputation. A$ foon as (he faw the party that brought it,(he retired
into her Cabinet, calling onely her in j where (he opened the pidure
jn fuch hade, as (hewed a true pidure of her patfion, bluftiing in the
inftant at her own guiltinotTe. She kept it an hour in her hands ,and
when (he returned it, (he gave with it many praifes of your perfon.
Sir, this is a bufinefic fo fit for your fecrefie, as I know it (hall never
f) farther , tbcn.un.to the King your Father, my Lord Duke of
ucklngham, and my Lord of Ctrlites knowledge, A tcnderncfle in
thii is honourable ; for I would rather die a thoufand tiroes, then ic
(hould be publifhed, fince I am by this young Lady traded, that is
for bcautie and goodnefle an Angel.
I have received from my Lord of #rtyfg&<*/0 an advertisement,
that
The t WKcnfington u the Prince. 2 8 1
ttatyo .rHighnefle opinion is to treat of the General league firft,
that- will prepare the other.
Sir\ whatsoever (hall be propounded will have a noble accepta
tion ; though this give me leave to tell you, when you are free, a
by the neit newcs we (hall know you to be, they will exped, th a
upon thofe declarations they have here already made towards th at
particularitie of the Alliance, that your Highncflc will go that rc a *
dier and nearer way to unite and fatten by that knot the aflfedion of
thefe Kingdomcs.
Sir, for the general they all here fpeak juft that language that I
Should, and do unto them of the power and ufurpation of the Sp*-
m*rds, of the approaches they make to this Kingdom, the danger of
the LOT*- Countries^* dircd Conqucft of Germany and the Vtltolinc.
By which means we have caufe to joyn in opposition of the Ambiti-
ons, and mightincflc of this King. The which they all here fay can-
not be fo certainly done as by an Alliance with us. This they fpeak
perpetuallie, and urge it unto my consideration.
Sir, unleflc we proceed very roundly , though they be never fo
well affeded, we may have interruptions by the arts of Spain, that
make offers infinite to the advantage of this State, at this time. But
they hearken to none of them , untill they fee onr intentions to-
wards them. The which if they find to be real indeed , they will
give us brave fatisfadion.
But Sir, your Fathers and your will, not my opinion mutt be fol-
lowed ; and what Commandments your Highnefle (hall give me*
{hall be mott ftridly obeyed by the moft devoted,
Your Highncfle
Mott dutiful and humbleft
fervant,
Oo Tkt
Jflfc
TJje Lord Kenfingtonttffo
March, 1624.
My
IHave already acquainted your Grace how generally our defires
are met with here, much more cannot be faid then I have already
for that purpofe. There was never known in this Kingdome fo
ifltire an agreement for any thing, as for an Alliance with England,
the Counc of Sojfons oncly excepted, who hath had fome pretenfions
unto Madam, but thofe are now much difcouraged, upon a free
difcourfe the Cardinal of Rmhfacmt made unto the Counteffehis
Mother, telling her, That if (he or her fon believed, or could exped,
the King would give him his filter in marriage, they would (as he
conceived) deceive themfelves : for he imagined upon good grounds,
that the King would beftow his Sifter that way, that might be moft
for her honour and advancement, and likewife for the advantage of
his Crown and Kingdom ; and he profefled for his part, although he
much honoured the Couot as a great Prince of the bloud, yet was he
fo faithful unto his Maftcr, as he would advife him to that pur-
pofe.
The Queen Mother and Mounfieur Le gr*el have advifed me to
fay fomething unto the King concerning my bufineffe. I told them,
I could fay nothing very diredly unto him, and yet would I not fo
much as deliver my opinion of the King my Matters inclinations to
wifti an alliance with him, unkffe I were aflured, his anfwers might
make me fee his value, and refped unto him. They then fpake unto
him, and aflured me,I (hould in that be fatisfied, Having that pro-
mifefrom them, I told the King, that I had made this journey of pur-
pofe to declare unto him my humble fervice and thankfulnefle for
all his Honours and favours, the which I thought I could not bet ter
exprefle, then by informing his Majeftie, that our Prince whom he
had ever fo much valued, would be as I conceived free, and dif-inga-
ged from our Spanifti Treatie, by reafon that the King could not find
them anfwer his expectation in thofe things that made him princi-
pally defire their Conjunction ; the which your Lordfhip feeing you
have cxcrcifed your intereft and credit with the King your Mafter,
and the Prince to convert thofe thoughts towards his Majeftie, from
whom, you were perfwaded nothing but truth and honour would be
returned, the which at this time more then ever, would be an infinite
advantage to both theft Kingdoms, and that I believed if his Maje-
Tbe Lvd KenfinPijn to tkt Dukt.
ftie wt uld faewa difpofition, as affectionate to receive Propofitions
to this Mirppfe, as the King my Matter had to makethem, a long
time would nocpafTe before the effects of this might appear, the
which w 3uld (hew the report raifed here of the ends of my coming
to be falfe. and me to be free of all other defigns, then thofe which I
had exprelfed unto him. He told me, that he had not hcard,that the
Spanifh Match was yet broken,the which juftly might give him caufe
to be referred yet thus far be would aflure me in the general, Thac
whatfoever (hould be propounded unto him from the King of Greac
Bnttai* , he would moft heartily and affectionately receive it : but
this was with fuch a fafhion of Courtefie, as (hewed that be defired
caufe to have faid more, and I am fully fatisfied not onely from h.im,
but the Queens, and moft of all of Madam her felf, who (hewes all
the fweetnefie and contentment that maybe, and likewifc from all
the Officers of the Crown, and State, that they can defire nothing
equal with this alliance. A better and more large preparation then
this my inftruftions cannot make, and I wonder to fee it thus fair,
considering the hindcraaces and defacings the Sptnifb Embafladour
defires to caft upon it, who beiides the Rodomontades and threaten-
ing? of the preparations of hisMafter, doth here take a contrary, buc
cunning way, letting them know, that the Prince cannot have two
Wives, for their Infanta is furely his, onely to create a jealoufie and
(hieneffe in them towards me, that he fufpects labours to do offices
that are not to his liking.
You will therefore I hope fpeedily put this State out of thefc
doubts, and clearly and freely proceed with them, Upon my credit
and reputation, they are all of that difpofition, that we can wifh them
to be, and it appears by their tender care of the States, and their re-
folution to ayd them : And likewife in fending Captain Cohorn^ that
came from the Duke of Brunfftick.. to demand a fupplie of men, who
is returned with anfwer unto him, that he (hall have double what he
required, and great fatisfadion to the Count ^Unsfelt, that fent a
Gentleman hither, to let the King know, he was not yet in fuch dif-
order, but that he could affcmble his Troops to fuch a number, as
might do his Ma jeftie good fervice,if he would be pleafed to take him
into his protection and favour.
And the King hath feot a Gentleman of the Religion a Sedwois
to Leige t to give information to this State of the proceedings of the
Sp*ni*rds there, and to be ready to receive ( if the Town (hall feck
it) the protection of them. Butthefe pafTages lam furc you conti-
nually understand from our EmbafTadour, the which makes me omit
O o 2 many
K
) / Y V
totfaStmttry.
many particularities in this kind that I could inform you of. I have
fent this Bearer of purpofc, the which I befecch your Grac return
with fome fpccd ,and with him the resolutions of our dear and Sacred
Matter, whom God ever bleflc and keep to ourglorie and comfort.
My Lord I am
The humblcft and moft obli-
ged of all your Graces fcr-
vants,
Kenftngtov.
ike Zw^ Kenfington te the Stcrettrj the Lord
Gonvvay.
Right Honourable,
According to his Ma jetties order which yonr laft of April the 14,
derived unto me, I hav reprcfcnted fuch reafons to the King,
and his minifters of State here, againtt the fending of any perfon, in
what quality foevcr,to the Duke of B*viers,as they acquicice in them;
fpeciallie for that they come commanded under his Majcfties defire,
which they nrofeflc to be very willing to comply with, not only in
this ,but in any other occafion wherein his Ma jeftie may directly, or
indiredly be any way intercfFed.
I took the fame opportunity of preparing the way a little farther
to a formal treaty of alliance , by feeling once again their pulfe in
matters of religion, and findj that it beats fo temperately,as promifcs
a very good Crifis of any thing that may concern' that particu-
lar.
I dealt plainely with the Marqueflc Jrl* Veiville touching the
courfe that his Majeftic may be driven to hold againftjefuitcs and
Pricfts, of banilhing them the Kingdom ; and of quickning the lawes
againft the other Catholiqucs,as well out of necefiky of reducing
them with in the bounds ot fobriety and obedience, as of keeping
good intelligence with his Parliament, without which he could not
poltibly go thorough with fnch a weighty work, as he is now to
undertake. He approved of the courfc for the ends fake ; under
Jxopenotwithftand ing that his Majeftic would not tic his owahancls
from
The *tt/Kcifir.0n to tfo Secretary. 2 3 >
from Pome moderate favour hereafter, which is all they pretend un*
tc, anw defire it may flow from the mediation of this State upon an
alliance here, for the faving of their honour, who otherwifc will be
hardly reputed Catholiques.
Inrepicfcnting a facility inthefe things, I leave no other difficul-
ties to be imagined.
Their good inclination to the match in general they are willing to
demonftrate,(as by many other evidences, fo),by the care , they are
now under of lodging,and defraying my Lord of Carli/e ,and my felf
in a more fplendid andMagnifique manner, then ever yet they did
any Embafladourwhatfoever/orfuch is the language that Ville-aM*
C/eres holds to me upon that fubjed.
The Count of Soijfinskcs it, and ftormes, and manifefts his dif-
contcnt towards me (who am the inftrurr ent) more fellie then dif
erectly. I encountred him the other day, and gave him the due thac
belonged to his rank, but inftead of returning me my falute, he difc
dainfullie turned back his head. Iwasfomcwhac fcnfible thereof,
and I m\& AleunjitkY dt Craadtnont of it, and as he, and I were dif-
courfing of it the day following, Soijfins offered himfelf full butt upt-
on us a fecond time.I again repeated my courrefie, and he is childifh
in civility. Grndmot found it ftrange, and intimated to the Mar-
quefle d<l*V*ltut a familiar,and confident of the Counts both my
bfervation,and hisowndirfaftc offuch an uncivil kind of proceed-
ing. Vtlette conveyes the fame to Soijfonj himfelf, who anfwered
that he could not afford me a better countenance, not for any ill
will he bore unto my perfon, but to my errand and negotiation;
which(were it not in the behalf of fo great a Prince) went fo near his
heart, asheprofeffed, he would cut my throat if he could* Nay,
were any Prince of Sv0j> t <JWaHtova, or Germany here in perfon to
follicitforthemfelvesin the like nature, he would hazard his life in
thecaufe. Such is the language that defpairc brings forth, which put
me into an expectation of no lefFe then a challenge to decide the
quarrel. And I once verily believed itfent, for the Count de LuAe
came very foberly to me, and told me, hchadamefTagetodeliver
me from a great Perfonage, which he intreatcd he might do without
offence,
Idefired him to fpeak freely what it was, and from whom He
told me he was fent by the Count of SoijfonJ, and I prefcntly replyed
that nothing fhould come amifle from him. In conclusion the errand
wasto fignifie an extream liking, that the Count took to one of my
Hocfes, which he was dcfirous 10 buy of me npon any rate. I anfwcc--
cdi
\ +
7 fa Lord Kcnfingtdh^.&rm<ir/V Conway.
ed,that if the Count would expreffc to me his defire himfelf, a d re-*
cei've him of guifc,hc fhould be at his fervice, othcrwife he (he Jd r^
main fliil as he was.Since that I have met him, & been prevented with
a very courteous falute from him. I have been thus ample in thefe
particular paflages betwixt the Count and my felf, that by ttie trouble
you find in his difconfolate breaft, you may judge of the conftancie
of Madams heart towards our Prince, upon whom afluredly it is mo ft
ftronglyfet, (as (he continually cxprefTes upon all occafions.) Ye-
ilerday I had the honour to entertain her two hours together, and
received fo many teftimonies of refpcft, as witncfled very warm af-
fedions towards the Perfonage I did rcprefent. Amongft other di
courfe, She fell rofpeak of Ladies riding on horfcback, which (he
faid was rare here but frequent in EngU*d 9 and then exprefled her
delight in that excrcife.
There is lately arrived here a French Genleman (Duport by name)
with com miflion from the King of 'Bohemi* to follicit this Kings
favour (in confequence of his Majcfties generous, and Gracious de-
claration in his behalf) for the recovering of his rightful inheritance,
to intreat th&tBaviers may no waves be countenanced in his unjuft
prctenfions, and to crave (in this his extreamity) a reimburfement of
the remainder of that fum, , which his father lent to Henry the fourth
in the times of his neceffities, which may arife to the fumof 30000
Crownes; the facilitating of this negotiation is recommenced unto
me, who contribute what i can to the good fuccefle thereof. There
hath happened here this lad Munday a difpute between the Marquis
de Conrtenv*nt one of the firft Gentlemen of the Kings Chamber,and
the Colonel dr Om*o(MoHnfeittrt Governour) about a lodging,
which this pretended unto as mod convenient for him> in regard that
it adjoyned to that of Moftnfeiftrs' 3 but the other claimed a right unto
it by a former aflignation, and pofleffion. Ornao at thefirft pre-
vailed, till the other complained to the King, who commandedthe
Colonel to quit the lodging to him ; which his people refufing
(out of a prefumption perhaps, that the commandement was rather
formal then real) the King fent 3. or 4. of his guard to reiterate the
commandement,and in cafe of refufal to obey,to caft out all the (tuff,
and to kill all fuch as (hould oppofe. Thus Cottrtenvant got the day ;
perhaps by Virvilles recommendation inoppofition of Toirax, be-
tween whom, there hath been lately a little conteftationnpon this
occafion. Vievillt being deiirous to ftrengthen himfclf, and to (land
upon the fureft bottom he could, endeavoured to joyn a confident of
feis in equal commiflion with the Gtrdc des Seanx, that fo he might
n
Tie ZWKenfiryrte- toSecvetarie Conway. 287
intim- work it out, and prevail himfclf of that office at his devoti-
on. Ije Gtrde des Seanx finding |feeb)erefiftance inhimfelf, ad-
drefTed hiscourfcto Tciraxto feek under his Covert (belter from
that diigrace, and injurie. Toirtx undertakes his defence; Vitvillt
expostulates the matter with him, and alleadges many reafons to ju-
flific his intentionSj-which the other gainefaying, with fome little
warmnefTe, hath occafioned by that heat, a coldnefTeof affection
between them ever fince,and that fo far forth, as it hath grown to be
notorious.
To the fame original, I reduce the Cardinal de Ricklieut intro-
duction into the Councel of the Cabinet by the favour of Viwillt
(being made alfo an Inftrument thereunto by the Queen) that by
making his own partie ftrong in Counce), he may the nioreeafily
crufli any advcrfarie, that (hall grappje with him. Yefterday he was
admitted; fo that now that Councel is compo fed of the Queen Mo-
thcr,the Cardinal dt I* Ranch- foulcatt, Richlie*jhe Conftable Vieville,
and the Garde del Seaux.
Before I had finiftied this Letter, I had occafion to vifit the Con-
flable,to whom I ufed the fame language, that formerly I had done
to la Viwillc, and with the like approbation. And when I touched
upon the point of difpenfation, how it might be p a fled over, he af-
fured me in general, that fuch was the dif(|ifition of this King, and
State to give the Prince content, as he might be (in a manner) his
own Carver how he pkafed .
This is the account I can give you of the publique : but how (hall
I exprefle the deep fenfe I have of my obligations to your favour in
particular f (hall I multiply in thanks ? It is too .ordinary a payment
for fo many Noble expreffions of your love. I will rather endeavour
by my deeds conftantly and continually towitneffe unto you, that,
lintirely reft
Your mod faithful and raoft
Humble Servant,
Ktnfngten. .
388 ' ^- -v'
rh Zm/Kcnfington to \fa Dt&e.
tJtty mo ft dear, and Noble Lord,
BEfidcs. that joynt Letter to your Lord (hip from my Colleague,
and my fclf, I think fit to add this particular account of whac
paiTed yefterday at Rttcl betwixt Queen Mother , and
mej whither going to give her double thanks ; as for thclibertie,
ihe had given me of accefle at all times to Madam, to entertain her
henceforth with a more free, and amorous kind of language from
the Prince; to for having fo readily condefcended to an humble
fuit of mine in the behalf of my Lord of Ctrlile for a favourable Let-
ter for him toyourLordfhipjfhewaspleafed to oblige me farther in
celling me (he did it meerlyformy fake. I redoubled my thanks,
and added, that I knew your Lordftiip would ctteemcit one ofthe
greatcft happincffcs that could befal you to have an occafion offer-
ed, whereby you might witnefle,how much you adored her Majefties
royal virtues, and how infinitely you were her Servant, rcadie to
receive law from her, whenfocver by the leaft fyllable of her blefled
Lips or Penn, (he (hould pleafe to impofe it. And this I did (as on
the one fide to gratifie my Colleague, who would be infinitely fend-
ble ofthe difgrace he apprehends in the mifle ofthe &0v,being thus
brought upon the Sta^Bfor it) as alfo to help to mefnage that your
Gratious favour which zJMonnficur Ac Fiatts tojmy Lord represents
unto him, by giving you meancs withal to oblige this fwect& bleffed
Queen, whe hath your Lordlhip in a very high accounted would be
glad to find occafions how (he may witneffe it. The mention of my
Lord of Car tile upon thii occafion rcfrefhed her remembrance ofthe
late falling out betwixt the Cardinal and him ; and though ihe were
Sufficiently informed of the particulars by the Cardinal himfelf, yet
fhe would needs have a relation from me, who in a merrie kind of
fafliion obeyed her command,and falved every thing the bed I could.
She would needs know ray opinion ofthe Cardinal, who fo magni-
fied to her his wifdom, his courage, his courtefie, his fidelity to her
fervice, his afTedion to our bufinefle as pleafed her not a little. Nei-
ther did my heart and my tongue differ, for I cfteera him fuch, This
difcourfe (he left to fall upon a better fubjeft , the Prince, concern-
ing whofe voyage into Spain, the cenfure of Italic ((he faid) was,that
two Kings had therein committed two great errours. The one in
adventuring fo precious a pledge to fo hazardous an enterprife, the
other in badly ufing fo brave a gueft. The firft, Madam, (anfwercd
I) may be excufed from the end, the common good of all Chriften-
dom,
7 fa Lord Kenfington to '^cretanc Con way. 28?
dom, w \ich then Handing upon defperate tcarmes, had need of a de-
fperate . a mcdie. The fecond had need of a better advocate then I,
to pnt any colour of defence upon it.
.ButhU HighnefTe had obferved as great a weaknefle and follie as
that, in that after they had ufed him foil!, they would fuffer him to
depart, which was one of the firft fpeecheshe uttered after he was en-
tred into the fhip. But did he fay fo ? faid the Queen. Yes Madam
I will affure you (quoth I) from the witneffe of my own cares. She
fmiled, and replyed, Indeed I heard he was ufed ill. So he was (an-
fwered I) but not in hisentertainement, for that was as fpiendid as
that countrie could afford it, but in their frivolous delayes, and in
the unreafonable conditions, which they propounded, and prefled
(upon the advantage they had of his Princely Pcrfon.) And yet
(fmilingly addedIJyouhere(Madam)ufehim far worfe. And how
To ? prefently demanded (he f In that you preflc (quoth I) upon that
moft worthie, and Noble Prince/whohath withfo much affection
to your Majefties fervice, fo much pafiion to Madam fought this
Alliance.) The fame, nay more unreafonable conditions then the
other, and what they traced out for the breaking of the match you
follow, pretending to conclude it very unfeafonablely in this Con-
juncture of time, efpeciallie when the jealoulies, that fuch great
changes inflate, are apt to beget, are cunningly fomented by the
Spanifti Ercibaflfadourin /<W,who vaunts it forth , that there is
not fo great a change in La Vievilles particular perfon,as there is in
the general affections, which did bat follow before the ftrcam of
his Greatnefle and credit.
Thus carting in the Kings mind the feed of doubts, whereunto the
Concede Oliuaresin Spain hath been willing to contribute by this
braving fpeech to our Royal Matters EmbafTadour there, That if the
Pope ever granted a difpenfation for the match with France , the
King of Spain would march with an armie towards Rome and fack it.
VrAjement nous I'en empefcberovs hien (promptly anfwercd She) C*r
wotts lui tag/ierctts afrfz. de befongne Ailleurs. Mais <jn'et-ce qui vetts
prefcteplttJ. I reprefented unto her the unfitnefle of the feventh
Article(even qualified by that interpretationt,hat it isjand the im-
poffibility of the laft which requires, and prescribes an oath. And
defired that the honour of the Prince (with whom /he pretended a
will to match her Daughter ) might be dearer to her, then to be bal-
lanced with thati which could add nothing to their affurance.I alfo
humbly befought her to imploy her Credit with the King her fon,her
authority to the Miniftcrs for a reformation of thofe two Articles
P p dpeciajly,
2 - o
cfpecially, and a friendly, and fpecdy difpatch of ail.
And if we muft come to that extreamitie, that more couk not be
altered, then already was, yet at leaft (he would procure the allow-
ance of this protcttation by the King our Matter, when hj {hould
fwear them, that he intended no further to oblige himfelf by that
oatb,then might well ftand with the fafety, peace, tranquility, and
conveniency of his State. Thisftiee thought reafonable, and pro-
mi fed to fpeak with the King and Cardinal about it. And if you
fpeak as you can(replied 1)1 know it will be done,Though when all is
done,I know not whether the King my Matter will condefcend fo far
yca,or no.Here I intreated I might weary her Majettie no further,but
take the libertieftie had pleafed to give me in entertaining Madam
with fuch Commandments as the Prince had charged me withallto
her. She would needs know what I would fay. Nay then (fmi-
ling quoth I ) your Majeftie will impofe upon me the like Law
that they in Spain did upon his Highncfie. But the cafe is now
different ( faid {he ) for there the Prince was in perfon, here is
but his Deputie. But a Deputie (anfwercd I) that represents his
perfon. tJMais four tout cela ( dit elle ) qtf eft ce e^ue vottt Airgz, ?
Rien (dis-re) qtti ne Soit dlgne des oreiHes d'vne (i vertuettfe Princeffe.
MAtsqu'eftcc? redoubled (he ? Why then Madam (quoth I) if you
will needs know, it {hall be much to this effect; That your Majeftie
having given me the libertie of fome freer Language then hereto-
fore, I obey the Prince his Command, in prefenting to her his fer-
vice t not by way of Complernenrany longer, but out of paffion, and
affection, wliich both her outward, and her inward beauties (the ver-
tues of her mind) fo kindled in him, as he was refolved to contribute
the uttermoft he could to the Alliance in queftion, and would think
it the greateftbappineffe in the world, if the fucceffe thereof might
minifteroccafionofexpreffinginabetter, aad more effectual man-
mer his devotion to her fervice with fome little other fuch like
amorous Language. Allc *-, Alle^ 11 ny a point de danger en tout eel*
(fmilingly anfwered (he ) je me fie en votts^ je me fie en vous. Nei-
ther did I abufe her truft, for I varied not much from it, in delivering
it to Madam, fave that I amplified it to her a little more, who
drank it down with joy, and with a low Curcefie acknowledged it to
the Prince ; adding,that (he was extreamly obliged to his Highnefle,
and would think her felfhappie in the occafion, that {hould be pre-
jfented of meriting the place fhee had in his good Graces.
After that, I turned my fpeech to the old Ladies that attended, and
old them, That fich the Queen was pleafed to give me this liberty, it
would
The Lwd Kenfir^;^ to the Duke.
would be henceforth fit for them to fpeak a fuitablc Language. I
let the^ know that his Highnefle had her Pidure, which he kept in
his Cabinet, and fed his eyes many times with the fight, and contem-
plation of it; fith he could not have the happinefle to behold her
perfon. All which and other fuch like fpeeches, (he ((landing by)
took up without letting any one fall to the ground.
ButlfearyourLordftiipwillthinkl gather together too much to
enlarge my Letter thus far : but it is, that by thcfe Circumftanccs
your Lordfhip may make a perfect judgment of the iffue of our nego-
tiation, which I doubt not but will fucceed to his Ma jetties, his High-
nefle, and your Lordfhips contentment : And fo yeeld matter of
triumph to you, and infinite joy to me
Your Lordfhips
Moft humble, moft obliged, and
moft obedient fervant,
The Lord Kenfingtoa t9 the Duke.
.^ftOc
My mojf dear Lord,
THis Bearer your Coufen's going is in fuch hade, as what you re-
ceive from me muft be in very tew words. I was yefterday with
the MarquefTe de Vieville^ whom I find cordial to do good offices be-,
tween ours, and this Kingdomc ; and he aflures me by all the promi-
fesand protections that may be, he will ever ufe his credit and
power to do fo, knowing thefe Kingdoms can (as the King of Spain's
power and ambition increafesj have no true fafetie and good,unleflc
we joyn in friendftiipand alliap,ce. He is very free to me, telling
me, That to prevent this, the King of Spain offers now thelargeft
conditions of fatisfaftion and fricndfliip that can be imagined, but
their thoughts here arc wholly bent towards us ; And although as
yet, the King cannot with.honour or wifdpm fay more then he hath
done, yet we may be aflured when we a*e free, to be fatisned in al!
we can defire,
This day I under (land the Earl of Ar^iU is like lightning paffed by
P p 2 fOC
I'
The Earl 0/Kc 1! snd to the Dttke.
-for Spain, and by a fpecial Command from the King it is to put
us in more terrour ; That he will ufe his fervicein Scotlant :', whsre
I believe he hath little credit and power to offend us. But howfoe-
ver they omit nothing that may difhearten us,but we are of too noble
and conftant a temper, either to fear their cunning or power.
My Lord, give me leave to befeech you, not to defer our bufineffe,
for never can this State be found fo rightly and truly inclined in love
and affection towards us. And the rather haften it, becaufe all the
art that may be is daily ufed from Spain to prevent us, and if we go
not roundly and clearly with them here, they may have jealoufies and
difcouragements that may change them : Take them therefore now,
when I dare promife they are free,very free from thofe thoughts. My
Lord, pardon the hafte of this Letter, that hath no more time given
me but to tell you, that you never can have any fervant more devo^
' yours, then is
Your Graces
Mod obliged and moft
humble fervant,
Kenfington.
The Earl of Holland t$ the Duke.
My detreft Lord,
WEE have made* final conclufionof this great Treatie. Up-
on what terms the difpatch at large will (hew your Grace :
We have concluded honourably, that which we could not do fafely ;
for to receive words, that obliged not, would have appeared an un-
wifc, and un perfect Treatie of our part, and noway worthy of the
grcatnefle of our Matter, nor the paftion of his HighnefTe, the which
now hath a krave expreflion, fincehisMiftrefle is only confidercd,
and dcfired,and the only objcft of our Treatie. But I muft tell you,
that fince we have proceeded thus, they fay, they will out- go us in
the like braveric, doing tqn times more then we expeft, or they durft
promife, fearing the World would conceive all their doings condi-
tionally ; the which would be difhonourable for Madam. But that
being fafe, they now fay their intereft is greater then ours for the re-
and they willjneyer abandon us in thac
aftion.
'The Earl *f "^luiid to the Duke.
aftior I hope we flia)l (hortly have the honour and happineflc to-
feJ 1 you. Grace here; where you will be (as juftly you deferve) ado-
red. You muft make hafte, for we arc promifed our fweet Princefle
within fix weeks. I befeech you let me know your refolution, that I
may contrive which way I may beft ferve you againft your coming.
I have carefully laboured according unto your Commands in that
which the Marquefle^ Fi*t. You may aflure him of a fpeedie and
good fucccffe in it, the which he will more fully underftand, when
Mounfieur<&/* Vitte-iMX'ClerefVM\\\>s in England. He begins his
journey from hence within 3 . daies. He is worthy of the beft recep-
tion that can be given him, having throughout all this Treatie car-
ried himfelf difcreetly and affectionately. I befeech you put the
Prince in mind to fend his Miftris a Letter : And though I might as
the fir ft Infirument imployed in his amours, expcd: the honour to de-
liver it j yet will I not give my Colleague that caufe of cnvic. But
if his Highnefle will write a private Letter unto Madam, and in it
exprefle fomc particular truft of me : And that my relations of her,
have increafed his pafllon, and affection unto her fervice, I (hall re-
ceive much honour, and fome right, fince I onely have exprefled
what concerned his paifion and affedion towards her. If you think
me worthy of this honour, procure a Letter to this purpofc, and fend
it me to deliver unto her, and likewife your Commands, the which I
will receive for my greateft comforts : living in unhappinefle untill
I may by my fervices exprefle how infinitely, and eternally I am
Your Graces
Moft humble, and moft obliged
and devoted fcrvant,
- i.vi r ; j7WA\.t^ito^/4^f;oi^ilofn',bn A'i '
Holland.
Pojifcript.
npHe Prefcnts that the Prince will fend unto Madam, I
JL youhaften
ike Earl of Holland^ Tit
& P exceSettt MAJfftic,
WE are in all the pain that may be, to know what to anfwer
to the malicious and continual complaints made by BUn-
vileof wrongs and violences donehim,cventotheaffaultingof him
in his own lodging, the which he hath reprefented with fo much bit-
ternefle, as tt took great impreflion here in the hearts of all, efpecial-
lyof the Qneen Mother, whom yefterdayl fawinthc accuftomed
privilcdge hath ever been given me, to have at all times my entrance
free into the Lottare. And I the ra.ther went, becaufc I would not
Shrink at all their furies and clamours, and it came to fuch a height,
as Petitions were given by Madam de BUnvile, that (he might for the
injuries done to her husband his EmbafTadour, have faiisfaftion upon
our perfons. But (he was fas (he dcferved) defpifed for fo paffionate
a follie, yet was it in confideration (as I fufpect) by a word that tfac
Qoeen Mother uttered in her pailion to me, who with tears before all
the World, being accompanied by all the Princeffes and Ladies, told
me, (but foftlie) That if your Majeftie continued to affront, and fuf-
fer fuch indignities to be done to the Embafladour of the King her
Son, your Majeftie muft look that your EmbafTadours (hall be ufed
a/apare)lie, I confefiethisftirred mefo much, as I told her, Thac
if the intentions of your Majeftie were no better confidered by the
King here, your Majeftie commanding us for the good and happi-
nefle of his Kingdom, to endeavour to bring, and give him ( the
which we have done) the greateft bleffing in this World, Peace in his
Countrie, then to beballanced with a perfon, that in requital hath
frirred up,anddailie defirestodo it, difptites, andjarres, even be-
tween your Majeftie, and the Queen, we had reafon to believe your
Majeftie moft unjuftly, and moft unworthily requited. And it might
take away upon any fuch occafion, tne care,that otherwife you would
have had to do the like. And for my part, it took from me all defire
evertobeimployed upon anyoccafion hither, where our Actions,
that their acknowledgments have been acceptable but a few daies
paft,are now of fo little confideration,as we are of no more weight,
then the unworthieft Miniftcr that ever was imployed. Upon that I
found, (he was forrie for having exprefledfo much. But this day we
had from her a more favourable audience, and from the King the
effects and circumftances of that which we have in our Difpatch pre-
fented unto my Lord Cov?aj,
Sir,
The Earl of Holland v# UMajeJtte.
S.. he rrclice of this Blanvilc is fo great unto your worthie fer-
vant m> Lord Duke, as he hath written a private Letter unto the
King, the which I faw by the favour of a friend, that he is in a condi-
tion of danger to be ruined by the furie and power of the Parliament.
And to confirm him in that opinion , hath fent all the paflagcs
amongft them that concern my Lord Duke; adding to that, of great
faftions againft him at the Councel Table, and naming fome Lords,
the which makes me fee, he hath intelligence with all thofe, that he
believes may contribute any thing towards the mifchieving of him.
Bur thofe that know the magnanimitie and nobleneflc of your Ma je-
fties heart, know that fo noble avefTel of honour and ferviceas he
is, (hall never be in danger for all the dorms that can threaten him :
when it is in your Majefties hands not onely tocalm all thefctem-
pefts, but to make the Sun, and beams of your favour to (hine more
clearly upon his defervings then ever, the which upon this occafion
your courage and virtue will no doubt do, to the encouragement of
all deferving, and excellent fervants, and to his honour and comfort
that is the moft worthie that ever Prince had : And fo affectionate,
that the world hath no greater admirations, then the fortunes that
the Matter and fervant have run together. And certainly our good
God will ever preferve that affc&ion, that in fo many accidents, and
one may fay afflictions, hath preferved your Perfons.
Sir, this boldnefle, that I take, proceeds not from the leaft doubc
thefe fool i(h rumours give me of changes, but out of a patfionate
meditation of thofe accidents, that your courage and fortune hath
carried you through, bleffing God for your profperitie , the which
will be by his grace moft glorious, and lading, according to the>
prayers of
Your Majefties
Moft humble, and moft obedient
Mt'ch, Subjcd, and fervant,
1625.
The EAT I of Holland to the Duke. ^'
My dear Lord \
THis Meflenger is fo rigid, and fuch an enemic to all fanti/eife, as
by him I will not fend any news in that kind ; but when the lit-
tle tJWercurie comes, you (hall know that which (hall make you joy,
and grieve that you cannot injoy what your fate and merit hath fo
' juftly deftined unto you. We have fuch daily alarums here out of
England from IHanvile, of the beating of his fervant, and at the laft
the danger, that of late he himfelf hath been in, of being affaffinated
in his own houfej for the firftword that his fervant fa id unto the
King, and the whole Court was, The Embafiadourhad run fuch a
hazard of his life, as no man that heard him believed he had efcaped
with leflethen 5. or 6. wounds. - Infomuch as your friend Boutevt
asked, Fait <vn belle fine : And this hath fo animated this Court, be-
ing (as your Lordfhip knowesj apt upon all occafions to befired t and
ilirrcd up, as the King hath been moved to forbid us our entries, and
liberties here. And yefterday Madam de /aviledid openly petition
the King to imprifonus for the wrongs and injuries done unto her
husband, and his EmbafTadour, that (he feared was by this time dead.
But that had no other effect but to be laught at. J never (I confeffej
faw the Queen Mother in fo much diftraction and paffion, for (he
never fpeaks of her Daughter but with tears,and yefterday with fome
heat and bitterncfie to me about it : the Circumftances I have taken
the boldncfle to prefcnt unto his Majeftie. That which diftrads me
1 infinitely, is to hear,that they do traduce you, as the caufe of all thefc
misfortunes, and that you ftirre up the King to thefedifpleafures.
And fo much imprefiion it hath made into the Queen Mother, as this
day at the audience (he told me $ That you had made the marriage,
and were now, as (he imagined, and was informed, refolved to de-
ftroy your work. I asked her what particularitie could make her
fay, and believe fo againft the general, and continual actions and en-
deavours, that the whole world ought to be fatistied of your infinite
care, and affection, to faften and tye together a good, and conftant
intelligence and friendftiip between thefe Crowns. She told me,thac
you intreated Madam de St. George to do fome fervice for you to the
Queen, the which (he did, and inftead of giving her thanks ^ you
threatned the fending of her away. I told her, Though I had as yet
heard nothing of this particularitie, yet I knew your nature to be fo
generous, as you would never do any action unjuft. I told her, that
fhe
The
(he mi ft diftinguilh between what you fay as Commanded by the
King, and what you fay of your felf: forifitbehispleafuretomake
the inftrnment to convey his will upon any occafion of his difplea-
fure, y v u are not to difpute> but to obey his Command in that, and
in all other things. I o told her farther, that I faw the continual ma-
lice of the EmbaiTadour, that invents daily injuries and falfhoods of
your Lordlhlp, to unload himfelf from his infolencies and faults ; but
I hoped that nothing fhould light upon your Lordftiip, but what you
deferved, the which to my knowledge was more value and cfteem,
then any man in the world could, or can ever merit from this King-
dome. And I defired her, not to entertain the belief of thefe things
too haftily, until we had ncwes out of England^ that we knew would
contradict all thefe malitious difcourfes. And I muft tel 1 your Grace,
that by a friend (whom I am tyed not to name) I was (hewed the pri-
, vate Lettter that BUnvile wrote to the King, in the which he fent him
the whole proceedings of the Parliament; and concludes they will
ruine you, naming great factions againft you, and as it were a neccf-
fuie to deftroy you. ButI hope he, and the whole world here will
fall, before any misfortunes fhould fall upon fo generous , and fo
noble a deferver of his Matter, and fo excellent a friend and Patron
unto
Your Graces
Moft humble, and moft obe-
dient fervant,
Pofifcnft.
T Hough the Embafladour deferves nothing but contempt and
difgrace as Blanvile, yet I hope as Embafladour he fhall re-
ceive (for publique Honours and accuftomed refped to EmbafTa-
dours) all pofliblc fatisfaftion, and it will be conceived a generous
action.
A
L L the joy I have, hath fuch a flatnefle fet upon it by your ab-
fence from hence > as I protcftto God, I cannot rellifh it as I
ought -, for though beautie and love I find in all perfection and ful-
nelfe , yet I vex, and languifh to find impediments in our dcfigns and
Cervices for you : firft in the bufinefle, for I find our mediation muft
have no place with this King concerning a Peace. We muft only ufe
our power with thofe of the Religion , to humble them to reafonable
Conditions, and that done, they would as far as I can gueffe have us
gone,not being willing that we fliould be fo much as in the Kingdom,
when the Peace is made,for fear the Protcftants may imagine, we have
had a hand in it. For our Confederation, made by you at the H*gtte 9
theyfpeakfoofit,astheywilldofomcthing in it, but not fo really
or friendly as we could wifti, But for thefc thing*, you allow me,
( Itruft) to refer you to the general Difpatch : I come now to other
particulars; I have been a careful Spie how to obferve intentions,and
affections towards you. I find many things to be fcarcd,and none to
be aflfured of a fafe and real welcome. For the f$p continues in his
Aifpefts, making (as they fay) very often difcourfes of it, and is
willing to hear riUanes fay , That CO hath infinite affection?,
you imagine which way. They fay there is whifpered amongft the
foolifh young Bravado's of the Court, That he is not a good French-
man that fuflfers JTTJ- to return out of France, confidering the re-
ports that are raifed, many fuch bruits flic up and down. I have fincc
my coming given Q^ieen Mother by way of difcourfe occafion to fay
fomewhat concerning your coming v as the other night when (he
complained to me, That things were carried harfhly in England to-
wards France j I then faid,That thegreateft unkind riefie and harfh-
fleffc came from hence, even to forbid your coming hither, a thing fo
ftrange, and fo unjuft,- as our Mafter had caiife, and was infinitely
fenfible of it. She fell into difcourfe of you, defiring you would re-
-fpeft, and love her daughter ; andlikewifc-thatfliehad, and would
ever command her to refpeft you above all men, and follow all your
Councels (the matter of her Religion cxcepted) with many profefii-
ons of value and refpeft unto your Perfon ; but would never either
excufe what I complained ef, or invite you to come upon that occa-
fion.
fion. Bu> though neither the bufinefle gives me Caufe to perfwade
your coning,nor my reafon for the matter of your fafetic ; yet know
youarc:hemoft happie, unhappie man alive, for CO is beyond
imagination right,nd would do things to dcttroy her fortune,rather
then want fatisfadtion in her mind. I dare not fpeak as I would, I
have ventured I fear too much, confidering what pradtifes accom-
pany the malice of the people here. I tremble to think whether this
will find a fafe conveyance unto you. Do what you will, I dare not
advifeyou; to come is dangerous, not to come is unfortunate. As
J have lived with you, ana only in that enjoy my happineffe, fol
will die with you, and I proteft to God for you, to do you the leaft
fcrvice, &c.
Poflfcript.
HAve no doubt of the partic that accompanied me,for he is yours
with his foul, and dares not now (as things go) advife your
coming.
. Lorkin ntkt Duke, the 30. tf
Auguft, 1625.
it pktfe jour Grace,
FRom an honeft and truly devoted heart, to receive the facrifice of
mod humble thanks, which come here offered for that excefle of
favour, which I behold in thofe gracious lines, that you are fo nobly
pleafed to honour me withal ; and which derive unco me farther, the
height of all contentment, his Ma jetties gracious acceptance of my
poor endeavours; which howfoever they cannot (hoot up to any high
matter from fo low an earth, yet fin their greateft force) are eter-
nally vowed (with the price of my deareft blood) as to his Matters
faithful fervicc in the firft place, fo to your Graces in the next j who
have received I doubt not ere this, what my former promifed in the
SVft^WEmbaflad ours behalf, and that as well from his own pen,
as mine. But this State is very Eftripw, that flowcs, and refiowes 7.
times a day, and in whofc waies is neither conftancie, nor truth. The
changes your Grace will fiad in my Letters to my Lord
200
whcreunto I therefore raakc reference, becaufc I fuppofe, 'hefC witt
be but one Ledure thereof to hisMajeftie, and yourfelf.
Therein likewife your Grace will fee a fuddain coraandement
laid upon Mounfiittr dc IBlanvilefremire Gentilhome del* ckambre dti
Roj fpeedily to provide himfelf to go extraordinary Embaifadour
into England. The caufe thereof I rove at in my difpatch, taking my
aime from two darkc fpeeches to Queen Mother, and the Cardinal. I
have fince learned the interpretation of the riddle, not from the
Cardinals lips (who yet being founded by me, pretended a further
end then Ville **# c/eres had done, viz ; to entertain good intelli-
gence betwixt the Queen of England, and your Grace, and to do you
all the beft offices, and ferviccs that are poffible ;) but from the Duke
ds Cbeverettx , who (whatfoever pretexts may be taken) makes the
true ends of that Voyage to be, firft, to try whether this man can
mend what (they conceive here) the Duke hath marred, in (hewing
himfelf more a fervantto the King of Engltnd, then to his own
King and Matter. Secondly, to fpie and difcover what he can ; and
("according as he fhall find caufe) to frame Cabals, and fadions,
whereunto he is efteemed very proper, being charadarized with
the marks of a mod fubtile, prying, penetrating, and dangerous
man.
And therefore as an" Antidote againft the poifon he brings ,
the Duke gives this Caveat aforehand , That every one keep
clofe, and covert towards him , and avoid familiaritie with him,
though (otherwife) he wifhes a kind and honourable entertain-
ment.
Thus much I received from the Dukes own lips ycfternight ; (Bo-
nocil being witnefle, perhaps Counfellour of all that pafTedj he pro-
mifeda memorial in writing this day, which I have attended till this
evening , and even now receive it.
I have not touched the leaft fyllable hereof to my Lord Con-
toaj, becaufe I think both your Graces,and the Duke de Cbevc-
reux's will may concur in this,that thefe things be not fubjed to many
eyes. c v
Even now the Savoyard EmbafTadour fends an expreffe Meffen-
ger unto me to haften to Fountain Blettt. Perhaps it may be to faci-
litate the Treatiewith Rockel, by either forae Letter, or Journey of
mine thither.
But upon the conference I have had with the Duke de Ckeverettx,
3 fliall temporife^ tilllhcarhisMajeftiespleafurc, or fee good evi-
dencss
Mr. Lw^iz^tbt Dttke. ,
denccs of O enerous effects like to enfue. Being defirous td fliape
my courfe fo, as may be moft acceptable to his Majeftie, and pleating
to your Grace, whofe virtues I adore, in qualitie pf
Your Graces
Moil humble, moft faithful, and
moft obedient fervanc,
Tko. Lorkin.
Poffcrift.
*-p*Hc Doke de Chevireux expects the Cypher from your Grace, if i
L be not deceived.
. Lotk'mttthe Dttkc 17. September, 1625.
(jr*ce t
TO read and confider two contrary advertifemeats ; the one
given me on Munday evening by des Porches, who repeating
what he had told me before, (2>Vwi> deftromfela Rojne mere en miljt
mil chafes') aflfured me, that her thoughts were now fofar changed
from what they were, as (he remitted every thing to his Majefties
pleafuretodo what he lift, (provided, that he attempted not upon
the confcience of the Queen her Daughter, which was the only point
fhe was tender in, and fcrupulous) that (he had written a very (harp
Letter, full of good leflbns,and inftrudipns toher, that (he had as
clear a heart to your Grace, as was poflible" ; had fent for TZUwil
expreflely to alter his inftru&ions,and that howfocvcr he (like a hol-
low-hearted man)had uttered in confidence to a friend of his, That
he would perfwade the Queen of England to put on a reconciled
countenance for a time, till the way (hould be better prepared to
give your Grace a dead lift, yet the Queen Mothers intentions wer*
afluredly (incere and good. The Savejards Embafladours voyage was
not then refolved,but his Secretarie prepared to make it in his room.
Of whom Pocheres (by the way) gave this touch.Tbat there was a
great correfpondence between LAlAclamoifcIle de Trvges, and him
(contracted upon occadons of frequent vifits, that had pafled be-
twixt her Mother, and the Embaffadpur) and that therefore a careful
eye was to be had of him, Anothes
302 Mr.
Another (who muft be nameleffc) fcnt for me yefterday l.i tf e fore-
noonetotell me, that Pert; Berulis errand hither was only to make
out-cries againft the decree ; or proclamation againft the Cac^oliqucs,
and to accufe your Grace as the Principal, if not the only author,
who was now of a feeming friend become a deadly foe.That the Earl
of Arm&tl had (out of his refpcft unto this State ) purpofely abfen-
ted hirofejf,that he might not be guilty of fo pernicious a Councel.
That your Grace and my Lord of Holl*d t had both but very flip-
pery hold in hisMajeftics affections ; that if this King would imploy
his credit as he might, it would be no hard matter to root you both
out thence, that there were good preparatives for it alreadie, and
that my Lords Arwdtl, and Pembroke would joyn hands and heads
together to accomplish the effed. Whereupon 'Blainville was fcnt
for back to be more particularly inftrufted in the waies how to com-
pafle it ; and would fpeedily port away in diligence. The fame par-
ty added , that the propofitions which the Marqueffc Je Fi*tt had
made bout the League, and Fleet, were before Brute's arrival fome-
what well tafted, but fince flighted, as thofc, that became cheap/' by
their offer to divers others, as well as them) that the faid Marquefle
fliould have vifited Btaixville at Pttrit, and founded him about his
errand after this manner.
Firft, whether he had order to difneftle Madam de St. George?
Whereto the anfwerwas,Noj and that it was againft aJl rcafonof
State fo to do ; and when the other replyed,that the world was come
toabad pafle, if reafon of State defcended as low as her, BJaiwilfe
remained filent.
Secondly,whether he had cotnmiflion to introduce the Dutckefe of
Buckingham and the CountefTe of Denbigh into the Queenes bed-
chamber. Anfwerwas made, that it was a nice, and tender point,
and if that were once condefcended to, they would be continually
whifpering in the Queenes car, howr dear (he would be to the King
her Husband, how plaufiblc, and powerful among the people, how
beloved of all, if ftie would change her religion , againft which they
were in conference here bound to provide, and therefore conclude
with arefufalofthatlikewife,
Thfrdly, whether he carried any good inftruftions about an offen -
five, or defenfive league whereunto the negative was ftill repeated ;
but that he carried brave offers for the entertainment of Mwfelt.
And when the MarqucfTc replied, that if that were all the content-
ment he carried, he feared (he would find but a very cold welcome;
the other added, ihac perhaps he might be an Inftrument to make
the
. Lorkin *9 ifa &*ke.
the Queen and Duke friends. This were good (quoth the MarquefTe)
if the Queen had not as much need of the Dukes friendship, as the
Duke of hers, and upon thefe terras they parted. The fame lips thac
utterr;<i all this, gave caution likewife againftthe Savoyard Em-
baffadour, as a cunning, deep, hollow-hearted man. And being fclc
by me, how his pulfe beat towards Porcheret, told me he was a mer-
cenarieman, and nowayesto betrufted. In the iflue of all this,
his Councel was, That your Grace would confidcr well your own
ftrength, and what ground you have in his Majefties favour,If it be
folid,and good, then a Bravado will not do amifle (may be power-
ful here, to make them to fee their own errour, and to walk upright)
fo it end with agoodclofe : but if your ftation be not fure, then he
Counfels to prevent the ftorm ; for to break with all Spain, Fraxct,
Puritanes, Papifts,were not wifdom ; And defires that by any mcanes
you inftantly difpatch a Currier to me to reprefent the true ftatc of
things at home, and how you defire matters (hould be ordered for
your fervicc here abroad, fo that there may be fabriqaed a more fo-
lid contentment to your Grace whofe, hands I moft humbly kifleki
quality of
Your Graces
Moft humbje, moft faithful, moftobe-
ent, ana moft obliged Servant,
Poffcript.
IF my (lay be intended long, it will be neceflary that I ufe a Cy-
pher, which I humbly befcech your Grace to fend me, or to give
me leave to frame one as I can.
AsIwasclofingupmyLetter,Mr.Gfr/Vr arrived, who hath been
fomcwhat indifpofed in his health by the way , but now is reafonably
well God be thanked. His coming is very feafonable, and I aflure
my felf will be ufeful.
Bythedifcourfe, I have had with Mr. (jerbicr ^ I fee a little clear-
er into the ftate of things here, and think Porcheres his advertifement
may be truer, as being perhaps grounded upon knowledge, the other
fpringing only upon conjecture, built upon Btrules clamours, and
overtures, and the fuddain fending for Mounfeur Tllawilte back,
Your Grace will fee day in all fhortly. But affuredly the latter advice
comes from a heart that is affectionately devoted to y our Graces fer-
vkc*.
3 04 ?fa ^ Herbert id&is Majeflie.
vice This Bearer will kiffe your Graces hands from tb- Authour J
and thereby you will know his name, which he ftipulated might not
come in writing.
The Lord Herbert U bis Majejlie.
ntoft Gracious Sovereign,
NOw,that,I thank God for it,hisHighneflc according to my
continual prayers, hath made a fafe, and happie return, unto
your Sacred Majefties prefcnce, I think my felf bound by way o
Compleat obedience to thefe Commandements I received from your
Majeftie, both by Mr. Secretary Ctlvert, and my Brother Henry, to
give your Majeftie an account of that fenfe, which the general fort
of people doth entertain here concerning the whole frame and Con-
text of his Highncffe voyage. It is agreed on ail parts,that his High-
nefle muft have received much contentment, in feeing two great
Kingdomes, and confequently in enjoy nmg that fatisfadion, which
Princes, but rarely, and not without great peril, obtain. His High-
nefle difcretion, diligence, and Princely behaviour everywhere
likcwife is much praifed. Laftly, lince his HighnefTe journey hath
fallen out fo well, that his Highnefle is come back , without any pre-
judice to his perfon, or dignity, they fay the fucccfle hath fufficiently
commended the Councel.This is the moft common cenfure(cven of
the biggeft party,as I am informed) which I approve in all,but in the
laft point , in the delivery whereof I findfomethingto diflike, and
therefore tell them, that things are not to be judged alone, by the
fucce(Te,and that, when they would not look fo high as Gods provi-
dence, without which no place is fecure, they might find even in rea-
fon of State,fo much, as might fufficiently warrant his Highnefle per-
fon, and liberty to return.
I will come from the ordinary voice to the fele&er judgement of
the Mintftersof State,and more intelligent people in this Kingdom,
who, though they nothing vary from the above recited opinion , yet
as more profoundly looking into the ftate of this long treated of
Alliance betwixt your Sacred Majeftie, and Spain, in the perfons o&
hisHighnefle,andthe Infanta, they comprehended their fentencc
thereof (as I am informed) in three Propositions.
Firft, that the proteftation which the King of Spain made to his
Highnefle upon his departure, whereby he promifedto chafe away,
and
' Iht Lord Hf tbcrt ufbis Majtftfa
and disfavour all thofc/who fhould oppofe this marriage, doth ex-
tend no further , then to the faid Kings Servants, or at furthcft , not
beyond tbe temporal Princes, his Neighbours, fo that the Pope being
not included, herein, it is, though his confcnt muft be yet obtained,
and confequently,that the bufinefle is in little more forwardnefle then
when it firft began.
Secondly , that the Pope will never yield his confcnt, unlefle your
Sacred Majeftie, grant fomc- notable priviledges and advantage to
to the Roman Catholique religion in your Sacred Majefties King-
domes.
Thirdly, that the faid King of Spain would never infift, upon
obtaining thofe priviledges, but that he moredefires, to form a par-
ty in your Sacred Majefties Kingdomcs, which he may keep alwaies
obfequious to his will, (hen to maintain a friendly correspondence
between your Sacred Ma jeftie, andhimfelf. I muft not in tbelaft
pkice omit to acquaint your Sacred Majeftie, very particularly, with
the fenfe which was expreflcd by the tons Fratcois, and bodie of
thofe of the Religion, who heartily wifti, that the fame GreatnefTe
which the King of Spain doth fo affect over all the world, and (till
maintaines even in this country, which is to be Protector of the Jc-
fuited, and Bigott partie, your Sacred Majeftie would imbrace, in be-
ing defender of our faith. The direct anfwer to which, though I
evade, and therefore reply little more, then that this Coanfel was
much fitter, when the union in Germany did fnbfift,then at this time?
Yet do I think my felf obliged to reprefent the affection they bear un-
to your Sacred Majeftie. This is as much as is come to my notice,
concerning that point, your Sacred Majeftie gave me in charge ,
which therefore I have plainely layd open, before your Sacred Maje-
fties eyes, as underftanding well, that Princes neverreceive greater
wrong, then when the Minifters,thcy put in truft,do palliate and dif-
guife thofe things, which it concerns them to know. For the avoid-
ing whereof let me take the boldnefle to aflure your Sacred Majeftie,
that thofe of this Kings Councelhcre, will ufeallmeanes they can,
both to the King of Spain, and to the Pope ('In whom they pretend
to have very particular intereft) not only to intcrupt, but if it be
poflibleto break offyou Sacred Majefties Alliance with Spain. For
which purpofc the Count de Tilliers hath ftrict command, to give
al punctual advice, that accordingly they may procecd.lt refts, that
I moft humbly befeech your Sacred Majeftie to take my free relati-
on of thefe particulars in good part,fince I am of no faction,nor have
any pafiion , or intercft j but faith fullic to perform that fcrvice,
Rr and
'*JMr. Edward Clark t$ the Duke.
and dutic which I owe to your Sacred Ma jeftie, for r^ofe perfect
health, and happineflc, I pray with the devotion, of
Your Sacred Ma jetties mod obedient, moft
From Merton C*nie Loyal, and moft affectionate Subject
the 3 1- P/October, and Servant,
i623StilNo. Herbert.
Mr. Edward Clark to theDuke.
MAJ it plenfejour Qrace,
I Have been hitherto very unfit ( by rcafon of my ficknefle) to give
your Lordfhip any account of my time at UWadrid. So that with-
out your Lordfhips favourable conftrudion, I may be thought
forgetful of the truft committed to my charge, and the rather, in
that as yet your Lordfhiphath only heard what I have done,buc
not why. I prefume I have faithfullie followed the Princes directi-
on, and on fuch probable inducements, as will I hope both in your
Highnefles and your Lordfhips opinion plead my excufe at lead. The
verie day the Prince arrived at St. Ander*< t my Lord of Briflol t fee-
ing me verie weak,told me he was verie forrie, I was not able to per-
form the journie for England, for that now there was an extraordina-
ry occalion of a difpatch, not only in refpect of the ratification come
the night before; but becaufe alfothey were almoft come to a fi-
nal conclusion of all articles, which were to be engrofled, and fign-
edthe next day. Hereupon I was inquifitive to know what affu-
rance he had the Ratification was come: He anfwered, that, that
verie day, he had been fummoned taattend the^/0, and that there
they had earneftlie prefled him, that the Articles might befpeedilie
drawn up, and fignedjfince they had now received full warrant to
authorize them to proceed ; And that the next day was appointed
accordingly. Thereupon unwilling to omit the prefent opportunitie,
conceiving withal the purpofe of the Princes Letter to be, either to
expreffehis HighnefTe further pleafure before'the meeting of the
Jttnto , or to prevent the concluding of fome other particular
Article they might otherwifc fall upon : I delivered his Letter
to his Lordftiip (pretending it came to my hands araongft other Let-
ters that fame day) I found him exceedinglie troubled in reading it,
nor did he forbear to tell me, it nwft for a time be concealed j for he
feared
M. Edward Clark t* tie Duke. 307
feared, if ^y {hould come to the knowledge of it they weuld give
or4 to (<ay the Prince. Upon tbefe motives, and in this manner I
parted with it, wherein I humbly fubmitting my felf to his Highneffc
Confurudion, I remain
Your Graces humbleft fervant
, i.O&ob. to command,
1623.
Ed.
Mr. Edward Clark to the
My Lord,
He Infanta's preparation for the Difpoforio was great, but grea-
JL tcr forrow (good Ladie) to fee it deferred. It hath bred in them
all feme diftradtion. The multitude know not what to conjecture,
what to fay, but cry Piden el Talttinato. They confeflc the demand
juft, but unfcafonable, and do publifti t that (the Difyoforio part) the
Infanta on her knees {hould have been a fuitor to the King to reftore
it, making it thereby her aft, and drawing the obligation wholly to
her. I muft confefle, I want faith to believe it, and the rather, be-
caufe I fee it reflect iecretly, and malitioufly upon your Lordfhtp,
who are made the authour of all the impediment* that happen, noc
by your enemies onely ,but by thofe that {hould fuppreffe it. Which
troubles me fo much, that I haften all I can my return, fincc I know
no other then to be
Your Graces falthfulfervant,
id, 6. Sept;
1623.
Sir Anthony Afhley to the Duke.
MAJ it flekfe jour good Lordfkif,
IF any thing had happened worth your knowledge, I had either
come or fent to Thtobtlds in your abfence, being afcertained that
your Lordftiip had been already particularly informed of what pafied
in the Higher Houfe betwixt the Earl of A. and the L.S. which is
the onely thing of note, and is thought will beget fomc novclttc.
Your Lord {hip may be moft allured, that your Adverfaries con-
Rrz
3 8 Sir Wa. Ftawlcigt to de Duke.
tinne their meetings and conferences here in Holbom, hovv f o give his
Ma jeftie fame foul diftafte of you, as making you the onety authour
of all grievances and oppreffions whatfoever for your private ends.
And I hope to be able within few daies (if promife be kept) to give
you good overture of a mutual oath taken to this purpofe amongfl
them.
The rumour lately fpread touching his Majefties untimely pardon
of the late Lord Chanccllours Fine and Imprifonment, withfomc
other favours intended cowards him, (faid to be procured by youc
Lordfhips only intimation) hath exceedingly exafperated the rancor
of the ill affected, which albeit it be falfe, and unlikely, becaufe very
unfeafonably ; It doth yet ferve the prefent turn, for the increafe of
malice dgainft you. I can but inform your Lordfhip of what I under-
ftand, you may pleafe to make ufe thereof as your felf thinketh beft.
I moft humbly intreat your good Lordfhip to keep Letters of this
nature either in your own Cabinet,or to make Hereticks of them : for
I am well acquainted with the difpofition of fome Pen-men in Court.
Upon Meflage even now received of my poor Daughters fuddain
dangerous ficknefle, I am conftrained unmannerly to port unto her,
being the onely comfort I have in this world, and do purpofe God
willing a fpeedie return. In the mean time, and even with my hear*
tie prayer I commend your good Lbrd (hip to Gods merciful and
&fe keeping. This iz th . of cJW*;, 1621.
Your honourable good Lordfliips
faithfully devoted,
A, A.
Sir Wa, Rawlcigh to the Duke, 12. Ang.
IB I prefumetoo much, I humbly bcfeech your Lordftiip to pardon
me.efpecially in prefuming to write to fo great and worthie a per-
fon, wfto hath been told that I have done him wrong. I heard it
but of late, but moft happie had I been, if I might have difproved ,
that villanie againft me, when there had been no fufpition, that the
defire to fave my life, had prefented my excufe.
But my worthie Lord, it is not to excufc my felf that I now write :
J cannot $ for I have now offended my Soyeraign Lord : for all paft,
even.
Sir Wa. Raleigh to tit Dttke. 50;
eVen all t*- eWorld, and my very enemies have lamented my,Jofle,
whom now if his Majefties mercie alone do not lament, I am loft.
Howfo^vcr, that which doth comfort my foul in this offence is, thaC
even in the offence it felf, I had no other intent then his Majefties
fervice, and to make his Majeftie know, That my late enterprife was
grounded upon a truth, and which with one Ship fpeedily fet out, I
meant to have aflured, or to have died ; being refol ved (as it is well
known) to have done it from ( Pljmouth t had I not been reftrained.
Hereby I hoped not onely to recover his Majefties gracious opinion,
but to have defkoyed all thofe malignant reports which had been
fpread of me. That this is true, that Gentleman whom I fo much
trufted, (my Keeper) and to whom I opened my heart, cannot buc
teftifie, and wherein if I cannot be believed living, my death fhall
witnefle : Yea that Gentleman cannot but avow it, that when we
came back towards London^ I dcfired to fave no other Treafure, then
the exact defcription of thofe places in the India. That I meant to
go hence as a difcontenred man, God I truft, and mine own Actions
will diflwadc his Majeftie. Whom neither the lofle of my eftate,
thirteen years imprifonment, arad the denial of my pardon could beac
from his fervice, nor the opinion of being accounted a fool, or rather
diftract, by returning as I did,ballanced with my love to his Majefties
perfon, and eftate, had no place at all in my heart.
It was that laft fcvere Letter from my Lords for the fpeedie bring-
ing of me up, and the impatience of difhonour, that firftputmein
fear of my life, or enjoying it in a perpetual imprifonment, never to
recover my reputation loft, which ftrengthened me in my late ,
and too late lamented refolution , if his Majefties mercie do not
abound:if his Majeftie do not pitie my age,and fcorn to take the ex-
treameft and utmoft advantage of myerrours: if his Majeftie in his
great charitie do not make a difference between offences proceeding
from a life- faving-natural impulfion, without all ill intent , and thole
of an ill heart ; and that your Lordlhip, remarkable in the world for
the Noblcnefle of yourdifpofition, do not vouchfafe to become my
Interccflbur, whereby your Lordfhip fhall bind an hundred Gentle-
men of my kindred to honour your memorie, and bind me for all the
time of that life which your Lordlhip (hall beg for me, to pray to
God that you may ever profper, and over-bind me to remain
Your moft humble fervant,
W,
sir Henry Yelvmon u the Duke, 15. Marti,
1623.
it fie Afe jour Grace,
MY humble heart and affedionhath wrote many lines, and prc-
fented many Petitions to your Grace before this time, though
none legible but one fent by my Lord Rochfordi within fire daies after
your moft welcomed arrival from Spain*
I have learned the plain phrafc of honeft fpccch. My Lord, I have
honoured your name long, and your own virtue much. I never found
misfortune greater then this, that dill failing after you in all humble
defires of dutie, I was ftill cart behind you. I excufe nothing,whcre-
in your Grace may judge me faultie, but will be glad to expiate my
errours at any price.
Your noble heart ( I hope) harbours no memoric of what did-
then diftafte you. Your own merits which have fo much ennobled
you, will be the more compleat,if I may but merit your forgetfulnefle
of wrongs paft. If I fcek your Grace before I deferve it, enable me
I befeech you to Deferve, that I may feek. If any,on whom you have
caft your eye moft, endear himfelf more to your feryice, then I (hall;
let me not follow the vintage at all. Till this day I feared the rellUh
of fowr Grapes, though I have fought you with many broken fleeps.
But this Noble Earl, whofe honour for this work ihall ever with me
be fecond to yours, hath revived me y with the affurance of your gra-
cious pardon, and libertie to hope, I may be deemed your fervant.
I proteft to God, it is not the affluence of your honour makes me
joy in it, nor the power of your Grace, that trains roe on to feek it,
but let the trial of all your fortunes fpeak thus much for me,that I will
follow you, not as Cyr*his Captains and Souldiers followed him,
the one for fpoil, the other for place : but if with fafetie to your
Grace, though with peril *o my fclf, I may ferveyou, letmedieif I
do it not, rather then want any longer, what my humble love ever
led me to, and I ftill affeftthe honour
To be yours,
Henry Telvertonl
Sir
Sir John Eliot to m Dxk< 9 8 . Novcmb.
Right Honourable,
With what affection* have iervcd your Grace, I define rather
it (hould be read in my actions, then my words, which made
me fparing in my laft relation to touch thofe difficulties, wherewith
my Letters have been checkt, that they might the more fully fpeak
themfelvcs. I (hall not feek to gioffe them now, but as they have
been, leave them to your Graces acceptance, which I prefumc fo no-
ble, that fcandal or detraction cannot decline it. It were an in juris
of your worth, which I dare not attempt, to infinuate the opinion
of any merit by falfe colours, or pretences, or with hard circumftan-
ces to endear my labours, and might beget fufpition, fooner then af-
furance in your credit, which I may not hazard. My innocence I
hope needs not thefe, nor would I fhadow the leaft errour under
your protection. But where my fcrvices have been faithful, and not
altogether vain, directed truly to the honour and benefit of your
place, onely fuffering upon the disadvantage of your abfence, I muft
importune your Grace to fupport my weaknefle, that it may caufe no
prejudice of your rights and liberties, which I have ftudied to pre-
fervc, though with the lofle of mine own. My infiftance therein bath
expofed me to a long imprifonment, and great charge, which flilJ
increafcth, and threatens the ruine of my poor fortuncs,if they be not
fpeedily prevented. For which, as my endeavours have been wholly
yours, I moft humbly crave your Graces favour both to my fclf,,
and them; In which I am devoted
Your Graces thrice-humble
Servant,
f. Eliot.
7 be EArlof Oxford t the Duke.
Lord,
T Cannot but believe that I have had iome undeferved ill offices done
*me unto your Lordfhip, otherwife I (hould not find this difficultie
in being preferred, if not afore, at leaft equally in ballance with my
Accufers. It is common unco all racns undemanding, that it is nor
the.;
x .^ -
3 12 The "Ewl of Oxford t6 the Duke.
the guilt of the accufed, but the legal and juft proceeding, which
cleares the Kings honour, and this I do , and ever will acknowledge
to have been held towards me. Neither was it ever known, that the
Kings Grace, the more it came fwcetned*with his favour, did Jeffen
ordiminifh his honour, but rather feemcdas a luftre to make his
goodnefle fhine brighter, and oblige the Receiver in a more flrid:
Tye of gratitude. My Lord, it cannot wrong you to oblige me to
your fervice v nor add reputation to you throw me upon Rocks. I ap-
peal to the King, and your own Confcicnce, whether ever I have har-
boured any treasonable thoughts, either ggainft his Majeftie, or his
ifliie, that fhould make me uncapable of receiving his grace, without
imputation to thofe faithful and dutiful rcfpefts, with which I have
ever ferved his Majeftie ; If it (hall pleafe him to line me out my path
to death (the period whither we muft all travel to) by imprifonmcnt,
1 (hall be far from repining at the fentence, but with all humblencfie,
will undergo it, and employ my hcarticft prayers for the long conti-
nuance of his honour and bappineffe.
I befeech your Lordfhip receive my Character of what I am, and
have ever bf en towards you, not from Conjedures and reports of
others, but from my own mouth,and actions. For yet I have reafon
to fufpeA your opinion of me, elfc fure I (hould have found better
fruits of your power. I was alwaies (as much as lay in me) defirous
to outftrip, rather then come (hort of -any in doing you fervice, and
the fame affeftions ftill remain with me, of the truth of which I pray
you be confident.
To this onely I will add one requcft more,which is,That fince your
Lordfhip is pleafed to mediate with his Majeftie for my freedom, you
will procure it fo free from rubs, as that my obligation may be the
greater, which I will ever willingly and faithfully pay unto your
Lordfhip in all refpe&s, like him, who truly is
Your Lordfhips, &c.
H.O.
The
215
Purbcck to tfa Duke.
Lord,
Though you may judge what pleafurc there is in the converfatioa
of a man in the diftemper you fee your Brother in ; yet the dutic
I owe to a husband, and die affection I bear him, (which fickncfle
(hall not dimini(hj makes me much defirc to be with him, to adde
what comfort I can to his afflided mind, fince his onely defirc is my
Companie. Which if it pleafeyou to fatisfie him in, I (hall with a
very goodwill fuffer with him, and think all but mydutie, though I
think every wife would not dofo. But if you can fo far difpenfc
with the Lawcs of God, as to keep me from my Husband, yet aggra-
vate it not by reftraining from me his means, and all other content-
ments, but which I think is rather the part of a Chriftian, you efpe-
cially ought much rather to fhidie comforts forme, then to adde ills
to ills, fince it is the marriage of your Brother makes me thus mife-
rable. For if you plcafc but to confider not only the lamentable cftatc
I am in, deprived of all Comforts of a husband, and having no
means to live of: befides falling from the hopes my fortune then did
promifc me, for you know very well I came no beggar to you,though
I am like fo to be turned off.
For your own honor ,and Confciencc fake,take fornccourfcto give
me fatisfaftion, to tyc my tongue from crying to God,and the world
for vengeance for the unworthy dealing I have received. And
think not to fend me again to my Mothers, where I have frayed this
quarter of a year, hoping (for that my Mother faid you promifed,)
order (hould be taken for me, but I never received pennie from you.
Her confidence of your Nobleneffc made me fo long lilent ; but now
believe me, I will fooner begg my bread in the ftreetsto all your
difhonours, then any more trouble my friends, and efpecially my
Mother, who was not onely content to afford us part of the little
means (Vie hath left her, but whilcftl was with her, was continually
diftempered with dcvifed Tales, which came from your Familie, and
withal loft your good opinion, which before (he either had, or you
made (hew of it ; but had it been real, 1 cannot think her words
would have been fo translated, nor in the power of difcontented fer-
vants Tales to have ended it.
My Lord, if the great honour you arc in, can fuffer you to have fo
mean a thought as of fo miferable a creature as I am, fo made by too
much Crcdulitic of your fair promifes, which I have waited for per-
formance of alraoft thefc five years : And now it were time to de-
Sf fpair,
3 14 r. Donne tt ike <M*rq#'fi of Buckingham.
fpair, but that I hope yon will one day be your felf, and o, govemied
by your own noble thoughts, and then I am allured to obtain what I
defire, fince my defires be fo reafonable, and but for nine ewn.
Which whether you grantor no, the afflidion my poor husband is in,
(if it continue) will keep my mind in a continual purgatorie for him,
and will fuffer me to figa my felf no other, but
Your unfortunate Sifter,
'
P. Pttrbeck.
Dr. Donne to the tJMvqaefle of Buckingham,
i3 th .Scptemb.
My moft honwred Lord,
IMofthumWy bcfeechyour Lordfliipto afford this ragg of pa per a
room amongft your evidences. It is your evidence not for a Man-
nour, but fora man. AsIamaPrieft it is my facrifice of prayer to
God for your Lordfhip; and as I am a Prieft, made able to fubflftjand
appear in Gods fcrvice by your Lordfhip, it is a facrifice of my felf
to you, I deliver this paper as my Image and I a/lift the power of
any Conjurer, with this imprecation upon my felf, that as he (hall
tear this paper, this pidure of mine, fo I may be torn in my fortune,
and in my fame, if ever I have any corner in my heart, difpofle/Ted
ofazcaltoyourLordfhips fervice. His MajefHe hath given me a
royal Key into your Chamber, leave to ftand in your prefencc, and
your Lordfhip hath already fuch a fortune, as that you fhall not need
tobeafraidof a fuitor, when I appear there. So that I proteft to
your Lordfhip, I know not what I want, fince I cannot fofpetf, nor
fear my felf for ever doing, or leaving undone any thing by which I
Jiiight forfeit that title, of being alwaies
Tour Lor(Jfhip? 3 &c,
f.D.
My Honoured Lord,
/"NNce I adventured to fay to the Prince his Highneffe, That I wts
VJfure he would receive a book from me, the more gratioufly, bc-
caufe it was dedicated to your Grace:! proceed juftlie upon the fame
confidence, that your Grace will accept this, becaufe it is his by the
fame title. If I had not overcome that reluctation, which I had in
my felf of reprcfenting devotions, and mortifications to a young and
aftive Prince, Iftiould not have put them into your prcfencc, who
have done fo much, and have fo much to do in this world, as that it
might fcem enough to think ferioufly of that. No man in the bodie
offtorie, ts a full prefidcnt to you, nor may any future man promifc
himfclf and adequation to his precedent, if he make you, his. Kings
have difcerned the feeds of high virtues in many men, and upon that
Gold, they have put their (lamp, their favours upon thofe perfons :
But then thofe perfons have laboured under the jcaloufie of the fu-
ture Hcirc j And fome few, have had the love of Prince, and King,
but not of the Kingdom, and fome of that too, and not of the
Church ; God hath united your Grace fo to them all, that as you
have received obligations from the King, and Prince, fo you have laid
obligations upon the Church and ftatc, They above, love you out
of their judgement, becaufe they have loved you: and we below,lovc
you out of our thankfulneffe, becaufe you have loved us. Gods pri-
vie Seal is the teftimonie of a good conference, and his broad-Seal
is the outward bcffings of this life. But fince his Pillar of fire, was
feconded with a Pillar of Cloud, and that all his temporal blellings
have fome partial Eclipfes, and the pureft confciences fome remor-
fes : fo though he have made your way to Glorie, Glorie ; and
brought you inthearmes and bofome,of his Vicegerent, into his
own arms and bofome, yet there muft come a minute of twilight in a
natural death. And as the reading of the aftions of great men, ma^
afiift you for great actions ,fo for this one neccflarie defccnt of dying,'
(which I hopeftiallbethe'onely ftep of IW*s,that ever you (hall
paffeby,and by that late) you may receive fome Remembrances^
from the Meditations and Devotions of
Your Graces Dcvoutcft Strvant,
f.
Sir John Hipftey to tie D*&.
My Noble ZW r
IFind that all my Lord of 'Sriftotf a&ions are fo much extolled,"
that what you command me to fay is hardly believed. I will
fay no more in it, but leave the reft to Mr: GreibMms, only this,that
you have written much to the Kinginfome mansbehalf, and Mr.
<jrtjlej hath a 100. a year given him during his life, all which I think
is without your knowledge; And Mr. KMegrev? hath the like, that
came for your fake after the other was granted. Mr. Cjreiktms can
tell you how that came. My Lord of SouthamptoHh&tn offered his
fon to marric with ray Lord Trcafurers Daughter, and tells him this
rcafon, that now is the time he may have need of friends, but it is
rcfufed as yet ; the event I Know notwhatthat will be.
I have fpoken to the King of all that you gave me in command,
and he doth proteft, that what he hath done, was meerly for your
iake,and indeed he is very careful of all your bufinefle,as if you were
berc your fell"; but yet for Gods- fake make what hafteyou may
home for fear of the worft. For the carriage of Captain Hat/, I wi'il
not trouble you, till you come home, only this by the way; that my
Lord Treafurer hath it jbut upon whattearms I know not nor in-
deed defire you (hould be troubled with it. Sir George Garing came
home but this laft night,and is gone to the Court, and defires to be
excufed for writing to you. My Ladie Httton, and my Ladie Purbeck>
came home with him from the Hague.
My Lord of Arundel hath not been at Court fince the death of his
fon. I fear the newes, that Ch*rlesGlem**&\& (hew you was true.
For! can aflureyou Marquefle Hami/to* was much troubled till I
had fpoken with him. There be fome have done no good offices be-
iwixt you. Pray have a care of the Letter, I mean the man Mr. Glt
man did fhew you, and keep as many friends as you may. I have fpo-
ken with no man, but my Lord Keeper who is yours, or not his own
as he fweares. And Mr. fecretarie Conftaj is yours bodie, and foul;
I never heard of the like of him, for he flies at all men, that be not
^sours. Here is much admiration, that they hearnoc from you, but
IthankGod, the King is nottroubled at it, for Idoaf!iirenim y thac
it is the better, that he hcares not from you : for now he may be con-
fident, thatyou keep your day in comming away, which doth much
pleafc him. I will write nothing of my own bufineffe, though there
be nothing done in it, but do hope, coat you will not fee yourSer-
** periftu J
If
3/r Dudley Carleton // the UK#f*eft o/JBuc&/nham. 317
- If Ibc roatedious, I pray pardon mce, it is my love that makes me
fo, and yet I have an humbJc fuite unto you, which is to begg at your
hands for patience; for now is the time to fhewitornever for all
the eyes of the world are upon you and this is the rime to win Ho-
nour, and fame ; and for Gods- fake carric the bulincflc withpati*
ence betwixt my Lord of 2?r/?0/, and you ; for here be thofe that do
laugh in their fleevcs at you both. I befeech you let me hear from you,
what you will command me, for I will do nothing f ai near as I can)
but what will give content : For you have that power in me.that you
need but fay , and it is done (if it lie in my power ) fofhall you ever
command
Your faithful, and obedient Servant,.
Septemk . till death,
1623,
Sir Dudley. Carlcton to the Marqxeffe of Buckingham.
Right Honourable,
BY the difpatch of the fourteenth of this prefcnt (which I fent by
fwfonthe Port ) I advcrtifcd your Honour at large in the two
feveral Letters of the occurrents of thefe parts, and therewith fent a
copie of my fecond propofition which I made the day before in the
Aflemblie of the States General touching the bufinefle of C/*w.r,and
Juliers inconformitie to your Honours Letters of the 3Q th . of the
The anfwer thereunto was deferred until ycfterday , and then
brought me only by word of mouth from the States by tJMounfieur.
Uttagnus tfZeaUnd^ and LMounfieur Zulcfdn of Vtreckt^ and was
to this effeft, That jthe States having fent my former propofition of
the third of December to their feveral provinces, from which this lat-
ter did differ in fubftance, fave oncly inrefpcdofthetimefortherer
ftitutionof the Townes , which was prolonged for the fpace of a
month, all they could do according to the conftitution of their got
vernment, was to fend this my fecond propofition likewife unto theic
provinces, which they had done the day after I made the fame,
and until they receive more exprefle order from their principals, they'
were to reft epon their former anfwer, Wherein they declared theic
Sir Dudley Carlcton to the tfwqutffe ^/Buckingham.
good intentions to accommodate this bufincfle, fo it might
fafetie to themfelvts, and fatisfadion of their neighbours. And
herein they were to exped the refolution of the Elector of Brtsden-
&,from whom the time did notyetfervc.to know his mind. Mean
while they humbly befccchhis Majeftie to make a gracious-conftru-
&ion of their proceedings.
I was the day before with Mounfieur Bawve/t, (who is Prefident
this week) to follicite their anfwcr, whocxcufed himfelf upon the
imalnefTc of their number, many of the States being abfent, and of
two Provinces all the Deputies : So as to give a determinate rcfolu-
tion according as was required, they could not : And to make an-
fwer in general terms, fince his Majeftie refted not fatisfied with the
former, he doubted another of the fame kind would not pleafe him.
So as it feems this Meffage in place of an anfwer in writing, proceeded
of his CounceK
By difcourfe both with him, and thofe which came unto me, upon
thisfubjed, I find their diffidence of the purpofe of the SfAsitrd ra-
ther increafed then otherwife, upon the news of Leavics intended on
the Arch-Dukes fide, to the number of pooo foot, and 1000, or
i20>ohorfe; and their delay in taking a determinate refolution, no
way diflwaded, but rather connfelled by all other Princes, who have
intcreft in this bufinefle. Their Embaffadour at Paris having adver-
tifed them by reiterated Letters, That "Don Pedro di Sarmieittos his
offer to his Majeftie touching the execution of theTrcatieof Zmnten
is abfolutciy difavowed by both the Kings of France and Spain. And
this French Embaffadour MottnftettrdttLMAurier, having made it ap-
pear unto them, that at Brufels they have the fame conceit of it, as
a thing done without authoritie. Befides, the Princes of the Union
have written lately exprefle Letters to the States, wherein they per-
fwade them to cxtraordinarie vigilance upon the Spaniards, and par-
ticularly in this bufinetfe of Cleves, and Juliers^ the tranflated Copies
of which Letters, I fend your Honour herewith. And the Prince of
Srandenbergh being young himfelf, and having bis Councel divided
in opinion, doth nothing absolutely without reference to this State,
and he when I put them in mind, how they themfelves were the au-
thors and framers of the Trcatie of Z4/*,thcy ftick not to fay plain-
ly, Tempora mutantur, et nos : fo as I am daily more and more confir-
med in my former opinion, That there is no way left to accommo-
date this bufinefle, (>utbty a private agreement between the Princes
Pretendents. But Struk&u* tne Agent of BraadenbeYgh^ being abfent
at Cltvet* I do no&tiear how this Negotiation proceeds,
Amongft
S/V Dudley Carkton a 'he LMwqueffe of Buckingham.
* Am^ngft the particularities which pafled in difcourfe between
UKvuKfitur Mai**s t and my felf, I infixing uponreftitution of the
Towne^as themeanesto prevent an imminent war upon the quar-
rel, JHe asked to whom they fhould reftore them,unlefTe the Princes
were agreed, and that they might know, which of the Princes
fhould receive him, and whom they (hould have for their neigh-
boor. Whereby it appeares, this courfe will on this fide remove all
difficulties.
It is advertifed hither, by JtftfNJfarZWnv^tht States Embaf-
fadour at p*ri/ t that the apprehenfion they had in the Court, to have
this bufinefle ended without the French Kings intervention, caufed
CWoMKJicur de Rtfuget to be fummoned to make an other journey ex
preflely hither, in regard he had formerly the managing thereof,
Notwithftanding thta ^Monnfttur de U Nove was already named foe
this extraordinarie EmbafTage : But Refuges excufing himfelf upon
his indifpofition,fent all his memorial of what paffed, when he was
here in the treatic of J2<wfw,with his private opinion upon the whole
matter to fervc as an inftrudion to la Nove.
By the other Letters of the 28. of this prcfent StilNo. Mottnficur
LawrAckh&th given this State many important advertifements, as
firO, that he hath obtained of the French Kng a continuance of the
fuccours of the 3. Regiments of foot, and 2.,Troops ofhorfeofthac
Nation for one yearlonger, notwithftanding theoppofition of the
SfM*i/b , and Arch- Dukes EmbafTadours, who advifed the reca Uing
of them upon occafion of the prefent troubles in France. That there
is order given and aflignation for 120000 Crownes towards the ar-
rearages of their pay. That a refolution is taken in that Court by
the advice of the new Councellours,contrarie to the opinion of the
old, to profccute the Princes by war, and maintain the Kings autho-
rity henceforward by force. That to this effed the King defires the
State (hould perform their promifes offending towards the river of
Bhrdeaux $ men of war. That he likewife requires of them in con-
formitieof the laft treaties betwixt the Crown, and this Star,anaffi*
fiance of men to the number of che French^ which are here in fervkc,.
under fome good Commander ; But the French themfelves, the King
will not have, for fear, when they (hall come into Frtttc*, of their re-
volting to the Princes. That he demands free pafFage through thefe-
Conntries down the Maufe, and theRkext of 3000. Souldiers, with
their armes,which are leaived by the Count tfohtsgiacomo 'Btlioyof*'\n\
Lukf-LanA) and thereabout?, and (hipping to tranfport them into
France,
Atti
3 2 o S/> Dudley Carlcton to the *rt{*ee ^/Buckingham.'
All thcfe particulars were moved unto him ( as he wri^cs^ by the
Marlhal dt A*cbre^ to which he adds, That the King is fo much in-
cenfed againft the Duke of Bovillon, for feeking to this *ite for
protection, by thefe Letters whereof I advertifed your Honour in my
laft, that there is a refolut'ion taken to declare him Crimintldc Itfe
Lftfajeflatt.
Thefc grattrtter are fo fcantie(thc continuance of the French Troops
in the ferviceofthe State, being but for a year only, and thepay-
ment of them arriving only to the tenth part of what is alreadie
duej that they herejinterpret them to proceed from the <M*rjkal de
AecrePoMrte*ir(to they fay) le hee en Leau,md the demands are fa
large and extravagant .that they are thought i*ii**mfef*'t,ta4q**m
ferant jWhcreby on the one fide to keep this State in devotion to the
.FroK&king, and on the Other to prevent the like jequefts of the
Princes: for there is fmall appearance, they will give pafTageto fo
many men through their Countries armed, and commanded by an
Italian, who hath born armes againft them , and is married into the
Arch Dukes Countrie. And when it comes to qucftion of fending
forces of their own thither, it is Kkethey will find as good excufes
for that point,as they have hitherto done for the fending of the (hips,
flow three months fi nee promifed , and ftill folicited : Forhowfo-
cver the chief Perfons here have been long particularly interefted and
ingaged (as your Honour knowcsj by neer dependancc on this
Crown,! find them of late very much alienated in confideration that
. it is fo much governed by Spain, which in the end they apprehended
will turn to the ruine of this State.
In France they are jealous of this coldnefTe, and have of late expo-
ftulated the matter with OWounfieur Langr^k^ as if they here did* in-
cline to the Princes, there being, a bruite raifed in Paris, that Count
Mturice would go in Perfon to their afiiftance ; whereof the Queen
Regent was very fenfible^but I do not find here,that there was any
ground for that report.
Here hath been lately a fame fpread, and nourifhed by fuch as de-
fire to weaken the correfpondence betwixt his Majeftie and this
State, that his Majeftie is in neer terms of matching our Prince with
Spain. Which report is now the more credited,by an advifo out of
Spain from a fccret Minifter, this State entcrtaines, under colour
of folliciting Merchants caufes. That this match hath been there,
by order of the King of Spain debated in the inquificion , and judg-
ed neccffarie in regard it would ferve forimroduftionof Poperie
This
S/> Dudley Carlcron to the Maqiufie ef Buckingham^ 321
This I fi ,dro be the femora of my chief affaires with this State,my
prefiing Lhe reftitution of the Townes in.C/ttwand fullers being
thought by many of thefc jealou s people to hang on this thread, as a
thing very acceptable,and agreeable at this time to the King of Spain,
and much advamagious in this prefent conjuncture to his affaires;
and my infifting upon fending of Commiflioners to his Majeftie in
thebufinefleofour Merchants, they applie the fame way, as if the
opinion which would be conceived of this Erobaffage, (howfoever
Merchants affaires were prctcnded,thc chief intent was to play Da-
vus in Comadia) (hould according to the ufeofNitimvr inVetitum,
rather kindle , then quench the defire of the Spaniard, and draw the
match to a more fpeedie conclusion.
Atmy laft being with Monn[tettr'Barnevelt,l didexpoftulatethe
States delay of fending Commiflioners to his Majeftie upon this oc-
cafion, as neither anfwcreth to Sir Noel Car on s word and promifc to
his Majeftie, nor to that, which from his mouth, I did advertife youc
Lordfhip of the States inclination in general, and the refolution in
particular of thofe of Holland. To which he anfwered me, That
with much difficulde and oppofition, he had obtained the a/Tent of
Holland^ and that now the matter refted with Zetland, but he doub-
ted, that his Majefties reftoring the old Company of Merchant^
would make a flay of any farther proceeding, as now lefferequifite,
howfoever,that Sir Noel Carove had advertifed, that notwithftanding
this changc,he thought the fending of Commifllonejrs very neceffary.
The Queftions here about Religion,rcfl in the fameftate as I ad-
vertifed your Lordlhip in my laft s the Aflembly of Hofftttd being fc-
parated untill the end' of February ft it. no. when they are to meet
again. Mean while a proviiional order is taken, that the Contra-
Remtvftrants fliall continue their preaching in our Englifh Church,
which they have accommodated with Scanolds,'to make it more ca-
pable of their number.
There was much qucflion in this Affemblie, whether his Excellen-
cie (hould be prefent, or no : but in the end he was called by the ma-
jor part of voices, contrary to Mounfieur Bamevelt'* opinion, and
his authoritie over-fwayed the matter in favour of the Contra- Rcnton-
ftrants for the continuance of their preaching, which it was propofcd
to hinder by fome violent Courfes.
By example of this place, there is the like provifional order taken
for preaching at the Brill, and Rotterdam, and certain of the Burghers
are eflablifhed in 7V<m>,who were put from their Trade and Com-
merce, for their expostulating with the Magiftrate upon this quarrel.
Tt I
522 Sir Dndley Carletoh to \kt Duke ^Buckingham.
I have been fpoken unto by divers particular perfons .?ell affefteg.
in this taufe,to procure a Letter from hisMajeftie to his Ekceilencie,"
whereby to comfort and encourage him in his Zeal for the mainte-
nance of the true dodrine, and the profefiburs thereof, againu thefe
Novellifts and their opinions. Which I moft humbly refer to his
Majeftics wifdom, (in cafe he judge this office neceflarie) whether ic
be fit to be done by Letter or Meflage, the former of which, will be
of greater vertue, but the latter Jefle fubjeft to crofle conftruftion
oftheArminianfaftion, which your Honour knowes how potent ic
is here amongft thofewho have chief rule in this State. Thus I
humbly take leave, ever refting
Your Lordftiips moft faithfully to
Hague this 24. Febr. be commanded,
Sir Dudley Carkton to the Z>fo0/Buekmgham.
1JM.J moft honourable Lord,
I Mmediately upon receipt of your Lordfliips Letter concerning Sir
John Oglt^ I moved the Prince of Orange not onely for his leave for
Sir John to go into E*gland> buf likewifc for his Letters of recommen-
dation, whereby to give your Lordfhipfubjcd, upon fame fuch tefti-
monies of his Excellencies good fatisfadion,to fet him upright in his
Majefties favour, both which he granted unto me: though againft
thefirfi, healledgedthe abfenceof all the Englifo Colonels ; and
touchrng the latter, he called to mind old matters; which notwith-
ftanding (upon what I undertook for Sir John's future intentions) he
was content to forget. I did once again upon Sir John's inftance,
put his Exceifericie in mind ofhisdifpatch, wherein I found no diffi-
cukie. Since I find Sir Jehn hath changed his purpofe of going, and
his excufe will be made athisintreatieby his Escellencie, who hath
ftncc let me know, Though he would not deny me his leave, yet he is
better content (in regard he is fo flenderly accompanied with Colo-
nels, in a time when the State hath need of their fervice with his flay.
So as Sir John hath the obligation to your Lordftip of a favourable
recommendation, and for his not prevailing himfelf of bis leave when
it was granted,! muft leave to himf^f to fender a reafon.For my parr,
having
Sir Dudley Carleton to tie "vuke ^/Buckingham. '313
fip.vingaccc.nplifhed ujac I raid by your Lord (hips Letter, to be
^grecublf both to his Ma jcfties pleafure ,& your Lordfhips,! thought
it my dune to advertize, That there is an ancient difference between
Sir H-- Acio VtrejxA. Sir Edward Vr;/,about the ex ent of their Com-
mands j whereupon followeth a great inconveniencie to the difhonor
of our Nation, (which as it appears when they were laft in the ficlfl
before Ree*,) are divided hereby, and march, and lodge in feveral
bodies, and quarters. Much endeavour hath been formerly ufed in
thefe parts to reconcile them, but all in vain, by reafon of fame ill
Inftruments, who wrought upon both their difcontents to fet them
farther afunder. Now, they are both in England, and arc both writ-
ten for, to come over; It were a work worthy of your Lordftiip to
make them underftand one another better, and what they will not
yeeld to of themfelves, to over- rule by his Ma jefties authorise. J
may not conceal from yourLordftiip,that I am intreated by the Prince
of 0r** hirofelf to do this office, both with his Ma/eftie, and your
Lordfliip, wherein he would not befeen himfelf, becaufc having
dealt between them fruitlcfly heretofore,he doubteth of the like fuc-
cefle now. But when their agreement (hall be made,he will acknow-
ledge his obligation to your Lordftiip, and for the better proceeding
therein, I fent your Lordftiip a Copie of an order formerly fet down
betwixt them, with thctranflate of Sir Horacto Veres Commiffion,
(both which I had of his Excellencie)and likewife the beginning,an
proceeding of their difference, as I havccolleded the fame in
out of other mens reports.
The projeds I fent your Lordfhip with my laft, of a w*$-
Companie having been pro po fed to the States of GueldtrU
theirratification (who have the leading voice in the Aflemblie of
the States general,and were ever leaft forward in that bufiriefTe) hath
thus far their allowance , that they will concur therein with the reft
of the Provinces. But withal I do underftand, they have given their
Deputies fecret charge not to give w'ay thereunto, in cafe they find it
prejudicial to the Truce. Which makes the matter evident, that the
projed of the Company (though it be never fo advanced) will ftand
or fall, according to the proceeding of the Truce. The expiration
\vhcreofapproachingfoneer, and here being advertifements from
Pdr^that a French Gentleman one Belleavium (who was lately im-
ployed hitherto the Prince of Orange about the difference betwixc
him, and the Prince of Coudi) had fecret inftrudions to found the
States, how they ftood affeded to the renewing thereof. I have
Tc 2 ufed
3 24 Sir Dudley CarletOB^ tie UMarqucfi 0/Buckingha*i.
ufed all diligence to know how far he went"; and am well infnrmecj^
he hath done nothing therein of Confideration : onely this pad be-
tween him, and his Excellencie.
He telling his Excellence from iJttounfieur <DefMguicrer t and fome
of the French Kings Councel, how acceptable the extraordinarie
Embaflage intended from hence will be in that Court,and thereupon
perfwading a fpeedie imbracing the opportunitie.
From whence(faid hisExccllencie after his round mannerjcometh
this alteration ?
To fpeak plainly (faid he) they fear in France you will renew the
Truee without them, and therefore by yoar Embafladours , they
would iriterpofe themfelves.
Here are good advertisements both from Brttxels and Parts, that
the Spaniards intent is not to renew the Truce, but to have a Peace
propofed with thefe plaufible conditions ; That the King of Spain
will pretend nothing in the Regiment of thefe United Pro-
vinces , nor require any thing of them in the point of Religion ,
but leave all in terms as it now (lands, with recognition onely of
fome titular Soveraigntie , which he cannot in honour rclin-
quifli.
This is already propofed to France, as a glorious work to efta-
bliflia fettled Peace in thefe parts of the world, but with this con-
dition, That if itbenotimbracedherc, then France ftiall refufe to
give this State any further fupport, or countenance, of which it is
here believed, that S/**hath already obtained a firm promife in
that Court. And that either the like overture is already made , or
will be within few daies to his Majcftie.
Under which doth lie hidden many myfreries much to the ad-
vantage of the Sj>aniard t and prejudice of this State : for the very
propofition of a new Treatie will diffract them here very much, in
regard of their unfettledneffe, andaptnefTcuponany difpute to re-
lapfe into faction , befidcsmany Considerations of importance be-
longing properly to the Conftitution of their Government, but the
acceptation of the old, by renewing of tie Truce upon the former
terms, for fo many years, more, orlefTc, as (hall be thought fitting,
will (in my poor opinion (which notwithftanding is not flenderly
grounded) take place, without much difficultie. The importance of
this bufinefle, hath made me give your Lordfhip this trouble , and
your Lordlhip may bepleafcdtolethisMajefiie underftand as well
is done by Mmnficnr BeUeaviHm , as what they here
conceive
Sir Dudley Carlcton to the Dttke. 3 25
conceive to be further intended by the Spaniard. So I moft humbly
takeleave^ cverrefting
Your Lordihips
Hagutikis io rfc . of
June, 1620. Moft faithful fcrvant,
D udlej CtrletoH.
Sir Dudley CwkiontotkeDukc*
^Mof Honourable,
NOt to give your LordOiip the trouble of often Letters,! render
an account of his Majefties Commandments by the fame hand I
ufually receive them. One I had lately by an exprcfle Letter from
his Majeftic, accompanied with another from your Lordfhip, touch-
ing my Lord of Bucklevgh, to demand full fatisfadion of the States,
for all his Lordftiips pretentious, and to that effed to procure In-
ftructions and Commiffionco befent toSir Noel Curone to end this
bufineflc.
To which effed I have moved both his Excellencie and the States,"
and whilcft they were treating thereof, Colonel Brogue arrived here
out of Scotland : with whom they are now handling to put him to-
Penfion, and to give my Lord the Command of his Regiment in lieu
of his Pretcnfions. Which when they come to calculate, my Lord
will find a ftiori reckoning of them, and to fend accounts out of their
accountants hands, and refer them to others, they will never be mo-
ved.
Wherefore if the cotirfe they now take can be gone thorough
with (which Colonel 'Brogue doth moft unwillingly hear of) it will
be then in my Lords choice, whether he will remain fatisfied, or
not. And within few daics I hope to return my Lords Secretarie
with advertifement of what is done. Mean time I aflure your Lord-
fhip nothing is omitted in my endeavours to procure him that,which
may be moft to his contentment.
In the prefent condition of publique affaircs,y our Lord {hip know-
eth well how at this inftant we have all 000? Ptrolle out of Spain, and
Cattivi-fatti of all the reft of the Houfe of ^4nftri^ In fo much as
thcfe Low-Countrie Troops under the governance of the Infanta, af-
fift in the blocking up of a poor town, all which remaJnes of his
Majefties,
Sir Dudley Carleton
Majefties only Daughters JointUFt m cue I'^latinatet And the Em-
perour not content with having chafed her Husband ouccfuc Em-"
pire,in the Propofition of the Diett of Ratishone, makes this one Arti-
cle, to make war upon thefe Provinces, becaufc (amongft other quar-
rels) they give refuge to the Prince ^Palatine. Where will this per-
fecution ceafe ? And what place in the world to which they are dri-
ven from hence (and is eafily guefled in all their extreamitie, whi-
ther they wHl be forced to flic) is not fubjeft to the fame quarrel . ?
within this week that I now write ( betwixt Sunday, and Sunday) we
were here in that ftate, if God had not prevented it, this Countric
had been too hot for them to remain in, and it had been a happincffe
for them, if they could have got a poore skeveling boat to have
tranfported them elfc- where. This Bearer my Nephew will inform
your Lordfhip more particularly thereof.
Nowjeagttulit, there refts no more, then queftion of maintaining
the Army of M*nsfelt&\&. Hrpnfwiekj which is lodged at the prefenc
in a place.out of which, it can hardly march, and more hardly be re-
moved. If it have pay, and countenancc,it may do good fcrvice in
Germwj ; if not,I will tell your Lordfhip what I conceive may be the
confluence. It will be hedged -into Eatf-Fri/elanA by Tillie, (whofe
Troops alreadie draw that way) Cordova and Anholt^ againft which
keeping it fclf within that Countrie,it will be able to make refiftance,
as the poore Peasants thereof did heretofore againft the Spwifb Ar-
mie, by reafonofthedifficultieofacceffe. From this State it will
have all affiftance, and though it be kept in by land , it will have
the Sea open betwixt Griett and Norden, (both which places are in
CMftnf felts pofleflion)a Haven fit for a Fleet o(jal/iotts. If by that
ineanes they, with correfpondencie with this State may fupport
themfelves, it will be very ill for many important confequences. If
they and this State, (which will be forced to run a fortune together)
be overcome, much worfe for what can keep the reft of Eitropi
from fufrjedion to the tsfttftritci ? Wee fee how in Terra firnta, the
Wtllogns joyned to Sf aniardt , both make and maintain their Con-
quefts. Joyn the Hollanders to them by Sea, they will reap the like
ferviceby them. The fruit we have reaped heretofore of the (hip-
ing of thefe Provinces,both for defence in the year 88. and offence
in the CW**, journey ,(heweth what a ftrong addition this is to a grea-
ter power.
My moft honourable Lord, I am fo full of fuch like fpeculations,
that thcfc have broken out ex Plenitudinc Cordis, furcharged with
to come tocflfefl inthepub-
lique
Sir Dudlty Carlcton to the Dute.
Jrauc affaires which was diicovered long fince,by the Emperours in'
terccpctd letters fent by thtCapttchin into Spain, and to hear the
judgment inade every where,that the publique opposition of the Spa-
nifhEmbalFadour (D'OgaAtts) words to the Emperours proceeding
ffc/ft&}is?bnt a patelinage, with fecret underftanding to abufe his
Majefties goodnefle. Of which it lyeth yet in his Ma/efties power
to vindicate himfelf; but there is no time to fpare. I humbly crave
pardon for this libercieof difcourfe lufe with yourLordfhip,who
am
Your Lordfhips, moft humble, and moft
, 3 1 . Jan. faithful Servant,
1622.
Sir Dudley Carlcton to the Dke.
Moft
IObfervein fuch Letters from the Prince Ele&ourto her High-
nefle, witlxAe fight of which, flic is plcafed fometimes to favour
me, a mif-uriOTfftanding betwixt him, and his Uncle th*e Duke of #0-
viNon, whogroweth wearieof hisGueft, doubting leaftin his Con-
fidcration feme danger may be drawn upon his Town of Sedan ; And
the jealoufiethe Prince conceiveth, what may be done with him ift
cafeofaSiege;(againft which, that is no place to make long refi-
ftance) befides the difcomforts of living in another mans houfe,and
being i)l looked on,makeshim wifhhimfclfany where elfe; but chief-
ly here, where he is as much defired , as miffed by her HighnefTe,
his children, and Familfc: And where the Prince of Orange^ and
the States (apprehending very well his prefent danger, and incom-
moditie) will give him very willingly his wonted welcome. Your
Lordftiip may be pleafed to make thus much known to his Majeftie:
And ifyourLordfhip can fodifpofe of the matter, that with his Ma-
jefries good liking, he may return hither again,! know nothing your
Lord(hipcando more agreeable to her Highnefle, though fhedoth
whollie fubmit her affeftions and defires to his Majefties plca-
fure.
The wars were never warmer then they are alreadie,and now like-
ly more and more to kintflc in thefe parts : The Siege of Oftend, by
thofe which were prefent there and are now in Btr$em* befng
cfteeraecL
32$ Sir Dudley Carlctorf/0 ** Dt
cfteemcd fport in comparifon ofthe furie is'ufed indifpitirg the out-
works of that Town. Where on Munday laft in the night an affault
was given, and maintained fix hours by the Sftniards t pon a half
Moon kept by the Dutch on the North fide $ out of which they were
three fcveral times repulfed, with the lofie of betwixt 3. and 400 men
of their beft, and on this fide under 40. All that they gained being
(after the fame manner as their former attempt on the other fide
wherein Colonel Hjnderfon was flainj to lodge in the foot ofthe
work. Two of ouroldCaptaines,Sir C#/*c/^>/ Everard^ and Love-
/ace (hurt in that, and the like affault given on jthat fide within few
daies after) are both dead of their wounds within thefc two daies.
Oncat Dor?, the other at Rotterdam, whither they were retired to
be cured : which is imputed by the Chyrurgeons to fome malignity is
ofed to the bullets : but that is not to be believed amongft Chrifti-
sms.yctlhave fecn fome brought hither (hot by the Enemie,fuffici-
ent to break all quarter.
We fhall have now queftionleffc many and (harp encounters in the
field ; Count Mamfelt being on his way hitherwards with his Annie,
muchweakned during his abode in the Frontiers of France; but of
frrcngth fufficient to march through the open Countries ofHeau/t,
and Urafattt. Which courfe he takes directly with inteptionto come
to Bred* . And where by computation,he fhould be^ty Munday, or
Teufday next at the fartheft,unlcffc he be overtaken by Don Con^ales
,or the Mar-
Cordova
and the i8 th . of
this prefent,when Mansfelt paffed a bridge at Marpent over the Sam-
bre in Htn*ult (which wastheonely paffage of difficultie, and that
as our advcrtifemcnts here fay , he croffcd without, refiftance ) being
fome hours March behind him, who having three field pieces onely ,
and fmall ftore of baggage, and in effed his whole Armie on horfc-
back, may make great expedition;
IlFtitdenbtrgh ftir, he will be followed by the Prince of Orange.
And the Marqueffe Spino/a cannot go ftrong enough to incounter him
without raifing his Siege at Bergkcn 9 which though he fliould do, the
C*mf*igne is large enough , and Manifelt lightly laden to take,
and leave at plcafure, it being in his power, (if his way to Breda be
flopped) to tall down towards fuch places, the State hold in Flan,
tkrr.
The States furnifli him with 6oco Florins far the time of three
moncths, they entertain him and his Army. Jn which fpace, the fer-
vice
SIT Dr dlev rarleton to the Duke. 3 2 p
..vice f^cy hope to draw from him, is, the raifing the Siege o{Bergbe t
by cut' ing off the Convoyes betwixt Antwerp and the Spanifti Lea-
guer, wh^ch can no longer continue in the place it now remains, then
it can keep the way of Antwerp open,by which only their victuals and
Monition is conduced.
This time of three moncths expired, there is fmall appearance of
longer entertainment ofMausfett by this State, who doth then pur-
pofe to retire to the Duke Chriftitn of Br*nfbicl(t old Quarter at
Lifftadt : Where they intend to winter their Army, and augment the
fame againft the next Spring, to return again into Germany , if the
Peace of thofe parts be not concluded , or fome mifchanc^do not
happen in the mean time. Which refolution of theirs, for fuch it if
(as I am very well informed ) deferves the more to be cherifhed, by
how much the more difrefped is (hewed his Majefties Embafladour
in the Pa/ativttf, by burning andfpoyling her Highnefle Joynture
even in his view, (as Don gourdes did whileft he remained in thofe
parts ) and fince befieging his Majcfties Garrifon Heidelbergh', before
which place, we underftand here by Letters of the 14 th . from Frank?
- ford , that Baron TiUie began his approaches the ii tb . of thisprc-
fent
I have not heard what is the iflue of Captain Ttrett's bufinefle, but
hope the beft. Colonel Hynderfons Regiment was given upon the
firftnewes of his death to Sir Frtnci* Hjnder(on by the Prince of
Orange^ with which the States are much difpleafed, as contrarying
their Ad. And I have lamented my felf to them, as a wrong done
my Lord of Suck/eugh) and his Majeftie, in his behalf: which they
promifc me to repair, as they poffibly may be able. And I prefTe
them to it by thofe means which your Lordftiipwill find contained
in an abftrad of a Letter I wrote lately to his Excellence, chiefly to
this purpofe.
Her Highnefle having received a fair Prefent from the Prince her
Brother, doth render his Highnefle thanks by the inclofed. I know
not fo great a Ladie in theVorld, nor ever did, (though I have fecn
many Courts) of fuch natural affedions : An obedient Daughter;
A loving Sifter; And a tender Wife, whofccareof her Husband
doth augment with his misfortunes.
Your Lordftiip cannot therefore (hew your care of her more, then
by bringing them again together with the fooneft. Of which I be-
fcech your Lordftiip, that with the fooneft I may know what hope
there is, and chat fif your Lordftiip pleafe) by Mr, &4p}bw*k*vt
V u whofc
^
- 3 S/> Dudley t arlctonjaffo Duh*
whofe return with a favourable difpatch is^daiiy expend. Thus J
raqft humbly take leave,
Your Lordftiips
Moft humble, and moft devo-
Ktgue 23 . Augtift, ted Servant,
1622.
Sir Dudley
it fhtfeyottr gr*ce,
THe general knowledge the Queen of Bohemia received from
your Grace, by my Nephew, of the difpofition of our affairs at
home, fince hisHighncflc, and your Graces return out of Spaia, up-
on the true underftanding you have bred in his Majeftie of the Spa-
nifh proceedings, being more particularly both for the ftate of the
matter, and the manner fit to be held here in difpofing tbefe men to
fueh overtures as are neceflarie, exprefled unto me by Sir Cjeorge Go-
ring with fpecial caution of fecrefie and celeritie.
I have thought fit tofct down at large (whileftitisfrefli in my
memoriej an opportunitie as properly given unto me this day by the
Prince ofOraxge, who is the oncly perfon of power and confidence
we have here to treat withal) as I hope your Grace will judge it fca-
fonably taken.
And that was an occafion of bufinefle concerning a mutinieat
Brtda y which drew the Councel of State, (where I have my Seance)
lo the States general, with whom we found the Prince- That bufi-
nefle ending in good time, gave hfm a long hours leifurc with me
after wards in his Garden, whichhe himfelf defiredof me, becaufc
fomewhat was farther to be digefted betwixt us concerning the
Engfifh Troops, which (hewed themfelves moft in this Mutinie :
And hereupon the confideration of theneceffity of this State, and
tmpofiibility of giving their Troops full contentment, gave us fub-
jed of further difcourfe, both of the means of better payment they
ka?c here at home, and the helps they might conceive from abroad,
which
Sir Dudley CarletorTf the Duke.
which making appear unto me co be colckft from Engfad, as long
as oui Match with Spain is ft ill in treatie, he asked me bluntly (after
his manner), Jguiat't/de voftre tjlitriagt ? I told him,it was now at a
flay upon this point, That the restitution of the Palttinate muftbe
firft concluded. And that the Qoeen QfBobemU was not onely wcli
comforted with this affurance,but pleafed her felf with a further con-
ceipt, that the opportunity was never fairer for this State to re-
gain the King her Fathers favour, and return to the antient fupport
of his Crownes, which by the way of gratitude for her good ufage ,
fince (he had her refuge into thcfc parts, (he could not but admomfli
his Excellencie of, and advife him not to let it flip. Thi he did noc
fofuddcnly lay hold of, as not firft to caft many rnifdoubts, as if the
alienation were too great, and his Majcftie too much wedded in af-
fection, if not in Alliance to new friends, to be fo foone reconjoyn-
ed to his old, as their neceflkies did require.
Here I took occafion to play my own Part, and to remember unto
him how things had pafled within the compafle of my experience
from the beginning; letting him know what friendftiiphis Majeftie
had (hewed this State, in fihe making their Trace ; what fmccritie in
rendring theirCautionarie Townes according to contrad,when they
were demanded; what affection in fupporting their affaires during
their late domeftique difputes ; what care in fettling our Eaft- Indian
differences : finallie, what Patience in conniving at all the mifdemea-
nours,andinfolenciesof their Sea-men,withoutfeeking revenge.
And hereupon concluded, that I found them here in the fame er-
rourasmen are, which put firft from Land to Sea, and believe the
Land pafles from them, not they from the Land,in that the Alienati-
on, which hath long been nourifhed betwixt his Majeftie and this
State,fprang originally from them.
Firft, by 'Bamevelt an d his fadion of Arminians carrying the State
to new Alliances, with the Hans-Townes, and otherwife by them-
felvcs, refufing fo much as the knowledge of them to myPredecef-
fourinthis place, Sir Ralph fyjumoel, with much fcorn, and con-
tempt.
Next, by a harfti and peremptorie ftile, ufed in all we had then to
do with them/avouring rather of Pride and preemption , then any
due refped or defire of friendftiip.
Laftly,by a precipitate courfe taken at Sea by their (hips of war
and Merchants againft his Majefties Subjects, making prize of fome,
ihouldering others out of their places of trade, and entring in the
open hoftilitie, avowed by a publique Ad of the
Vu 2 States
Sir Du dtey Carlctoir f _
States General . This ill courfe Begun and purfued for fo;rje veares
continuance, breeding a deferveddiftafte in hisMajeftie on ti is fidd;
and on the Spanifh part fair overtures of friendihip, being continu-
allie made,and confirmed by the tender of a Match of a potent Prince,
None can marvel that his Majeflie did hnbrace the fame, unlefle it
fhould be expected of him,that for love of this State how ill focver
deferving, he fhould lend a deaf eare to all other friendlhips, that did
not concurre with the intereft of this State. And the remembrance of
thcfe things not being fo old as to be worn out,they might here very
well conceive, that the fufpition of Alienation and difaffedion, is as
jftrongonburfidefor their giving the caufe of our leaning another
way, as on theirs for the effect which hath fince followed. And now
the caufe is removed, the effed may pofiibly ceafe in like manner, if
we may have good affurance, that breaking with our new friends
upon the occafions now prefented, we might fatten after the wonted
manner with an old : and the King be fatisfied in fuch doubts, he nay
upon good reafon caft, and know certainly what to truft to. To this
conclufion he anfweredfconfefling firft their many obligations to his
Majeftie, both for his favour, and fufferance, v y that nothing could be
more certain, then the affection of this State to a Prince embracing
their caufe of oppofition to Spain. And if hisMajeftie could take that
refolution, he might difpofe of them, their lives and their fortunes. I
told him,that more(in a cafe of this importance,when there was que-
ftion of alteration of the whole courfe of a great Princes affaires)
~ wou ^ ^ e r *q u ' rc ^ tncn bare profefiions and proteftations,and the ra-
tf tller becaufe he knew I was not ignorant,how manyBillets,andPapers
this tonne, fl ave been heretofore brought hither by * Madam Scrctaus , and
ivbofypafle- others, tending to TrHe t Qic peace, and how much fuch a matter was
fort on thirftcd after by their Frontier Provinces, which being free for them
trots foo r - . otakc or ' eave after their own humours, it was not likely his Ma-
tm to and. i e ^ ie would difcharge them of their burthcn,to pull it upon his own
frobctwlxt Shoulders jBut to enter into the common caufe of defence , and add
this and a powerful hand in fupporting them, might be faifablejn the prefent
? ru j ells> /jg con juncture, upon good afTurance, he fhould never be left fingle in
^ukftlvatt che ( l uarrel - Whereunto he anfwered, that true it was, the woman I
atseffe to the named, and divers others, had been tampering heretofore about fuch
ntfantajtbat Treaties, & that he had continually put their Papers into his Pocket,
fheis 0and fo fupprefled(them with content of fome of the States, of whom
of I* Mi- 6 ^ c was mo ^ con ^ ent )' eft fuch propofitions, being brought into
qucielle^e their PWiq,uc Aflemblies, might have driven them into diflradion,
l* Trcfuc* i and
Sir Dudley Caricton/0 the Duke. 333
and difpate one with another according to their fevertl arTediony^
cither co Peace, or War, and thereby flacken their Contributions,
wherewith they pay their Army, and by confcqucnce expofe them to
the mercie of the enemy.
And that this courfeof his being finally difcovered by the Mcr-
quefle Spiaola, and />**, their purpofe now was ( as he is pri-
vately advertized from Sruxels ) to fteal over fome perfon hither
by the ufual meanesof Pafle-ports for Merchants and Travailers,
to make Tome fuch like Proportion at the feveral Aflembliej of the
States of thefe united Provinces : which it fhould be his ftudie to
preventjbecaufe of the mifchief may be bred thereby amongft them;
And this heafTured me for conclusion, That as their affedions and
affairs now (land, nothing but defpair can bring thefe Provinces to
Peace, or Truce with Spain.
To this I yielded, but faid, That was not enough becaufeof fuch
changes, to which the world was daily fubjed. Neither did Queen
Elizabeth undertake their protection upon fuch bare preemptions,
wherefore fome further aflurance muft be thought on; which he
confented unto, as a thing requifite on both fides, and joyned iflue
with me in this point, That when the King would be to this State, as
Qiiecn Elizabeth was ; this State would be to him 4 as it was to Queen
This being oyw nmus diet, not unlike the firft day of the Creation
of the world in diftinguifhing light and darknclfei I will give your
Grace this further light, of what belongs to negotiation with this
State.
The prefent opportunitie of the Prince of OrtngSs good affedion
and ftrengtb of thefe Provinces both by Sea and Land, as it yec
ftands, (but not poflible fo long to continue) being fcafonably laid
hold of, his Majeftie may have with this State a firm and fruitful
alliance.
But if the Prince of Orange fliould die, fas he Is much broken, and
the laft year at this time, we did not think he could live till <M*j) or
the enemy break into the borders of this State, (as this laft Summer,
if the ImpertAlifks had joyned with the Spfwiardt, they had undoub-
tedly done ; and unlefle fome Change or Alteration happen, as is
feared will do this next year) the bcft link we have for a bond of
friendftiip would fail, and as much difference be betwixc this State,
as it now i?s, and what ic is like to be upon any fuch ill accident,, ( as
was,
. .
Sir DudlcjfCarleton to tfo Duke .
was now feared, and ftill bangs oveYfEfcm) a* betwixt a itron^ Staffe
and a broken Reed. o I ceafe to give your Grace any mrthc*
trouble.
Your Graces
, 9. Decemb Moft humble , and moft
1623. faithful fcrvant,
Dudley Carhtex.
Sir Dudley Carlcton t$tbe Duke.
LMaj it pleafe jottrGrtce,
W Hat Comfort and Contentment the Queen o Bohemia re-
ceives in your Graces Meflage and Letter by my Nephew, I
leave to her own expreffion, which never failes her, when her heart
goeth with her ha'nd, as I can afliire your Grace, it doth in this fub-
jedt. And this I will fay more, who can fay nothing but truth , I
never knew your Grace ill with this good and gracious Princeffe;
but now you are fo well fettled in her good opinion and favour, that
I know none hath more intereft therein.
And this ufe your Grace may make thereof to his Majefties fervice,
that now this King and Qaeen are both of them no lefle confident
of your affedion, then they are of your finceritie j what you advife
them in their affairs will be of much weight to fway them in the bal-
lance of their judgment.
Which now a Propofition is made unto them, on which their
whole eftate doth depend as well for themfelves, as their pofteritie,
full of doubtful circumftanccs on both fides, (the choice not being,
as they conceive, betwixt one thing certain, and another uncertain ;
but betwixt two unequal uncertainties) it is hard to fay which way
they incline : but if they be left to themfelves, I perceive they will
rather ftand to the hazard of the latter, with prefervation of their
honour and lawful prctenfions,then fubmit themfelves to the former
with (hame and difgrace, and no affurance of better dealing then
was ufcd to the deported Houft of Saxe, by a better Emperour then
this
Sir Di'dlcv Carlcton"/0 /^ Ztofo.
this accented, of which we have the Heir ( one of the worthieft
Prince? in Germane) herein hard Conditions amongft us. And he
ferves as a fpedacle to thcfe Princes of their fortunes by the fame
way as his Predeceffors took, of fubmi/lion. Yet other things being
before agreed of, and fettled in that fort as his Majeftie hath alwaie*
allured thefe Princes to be his full intention of reftitution to their
Patrimonial Honours and eftatc; This King I find will conform
himfelf, to what his Majeftie (hall think fit, touching a due fubmif-
fion.
But this being a matter of ceremony, the other of fubftancc , he
judgetbjthat if this precede, (that is, the Submifiion) the other of
reftitution will never follow. Neither can it be well fcen, how in
poflibility it may be effected, confidcringthat (whileft things have
been held fometimes in terms, alwaies in talk of accommodation)
the Electoral is given to Bavier by the Emperour, and avowed by a
Congratulatory Ernbaflagc from Bruxels : the upper < P*/4titt<tte Get-
led in his poffelfion, with fome portion to Newburgh for his Conten-
tation, and ingagemcnt. A principal part of the lower Patatimtte
(the Bergftrati) given to the Elector of cJl/t/*, with the confent of
thofe of Bruxels^ ( where he was lately in perfon to obtain it) though
they grofTely diflemble it, and promifes of parts of the reft made to
other Princes.
So as what is now pretended (I muft deal plainly with your Grace)
is no otherwaies interpreted, then as experience doth teach of thefe
three former years proceedings: Ever new Overtures in Winter,
and new Ruptures in the Summer. And as of two former Treaties
with this Prince, which paflcd my hands, (one a Confent to a Sub-
miflionfcnttor*>ww, the other a Ratification of a Sufpenfion of-
tentimes fent to Bruxels) no other ufe was made, but with the firft
to accelerate BetklemGaber in his Treatie of Peace with the Empe-
rour as then on foot, and with the fecondto intimidate both the
Eleftours Saxe, and Brtndenburgh^ with the Princes of the Nether,
S*xe, and Crtjet from entringinto Armes, to which they were well
difpofed, upon the difcontentment they received of the prepofterous
courfcsthat were taken in the Diet at RAtubone-, (and to this effed
^Copies of the very projects of the faid Treaties were difpf rfed by the
ImpcriAlifts, before the Inftrument* themfelves were perfected,) fo
it is here believed, that now (jabo? is again in armef,and other Prin-
ces ready to imbrace any good occafion of redrcfTc of affaires, time
is onely fought to be gained by this new Overture, and the King of
Bohemia's Credit, with his friends and well wifhcrsin germane to be
weaJtned,,
V"
33 6 Sir Dudley
wcakned, if not loft,- for if once he fubmit himfelf ?llow> the
tranQationof the Electoral, heftiall thereby avow the Em^eronrs
undue procedings in that caufe (which have been protefted againft
by Saxe , and Brandenbtrgh , and all the other germane Princes, ex-
cepting thofe onely of the Catholique league) antfby whom after-
wards upon any ill dealing can he exped to be bclfriended, who for-
fakeshimfelfandhis owncaufe?This is the difcourfe of thefe Prin-
ces .upon this occafion ; but when they are asked, What then can you
truft unto ? their recourfe is to his Majeftie who they hopeknow-
cth the meanes to erfeft in their behalf, what he hath fo long, and
fo conftantly undertaken for them. And though for thefe three or
four years paft, affaires on this fide have gone in a continual deca-
dence, and now threaten a final ruine,uulefie it be withftood by fome
Princelie Refolution; (not of pettie, but of great Princes) yet here is
no fuch difcourageraenc : but that it is thought there is yet ftrcngth
and vigour enough left in the good Party, not onely to fubfift, but to
rife and flourifti again as well as ever. And in this cogitation the
King and Queen remain, not prefcribing any thing to his Majcftie,
nor willing to fubmit themfelves anew to the fame rod, with which
they have been fo often fcourged.
Your Grace was lately invited with my Lord of Richmond tochri-
ften their young Son, which being excufed by my Lord of Richmond
in both your names, And the King of France undertaking that office,
it was performed by that King, and the King of .JftWfyeftcrday was
leven- night (represented by the French EmbafTadour here refident,
and the Prince of Orange) in the fame manner, and the fame Church,
as the Princefie Lowft, bearing the fa me name, was chriftned thelaft
year: when the Duke Chriftieu of Bwafwict^being invited to be
Godfather, though abfent,and for fome refpefts of precedence could"
not have a Deputie t was underflood notwithftanding to be one of the
Parr'mt ; and fo do the King and Queen hold both your Grace, and
my Lord of Richmond.
I muft now render your Grace my humble thanks for yourmani-
feftation of your favour to my felf, which you are pleafedto do in
fuch ample manner, as to tell me farther for my Comfort who arc
my friends j And a farther effect of friendfhip, I could not expcd: of
them, then to procure me the aflurance I now receive from your
Grace, who have won the reputation by your Conftancie to thofe
you take into your Care.that your word is taken for your deed. And
though that, which'I thought fitted for my felffailes me, if your
Grace can think me fie for any thing clfc towards the amendment of
my
Stf Dudley Carleton tt/fo D1t 337
fortune, I (hall attend the fame with much patience of
mind, jhough great cxtreamitie otherwife, by reafon of a fmall eftate
charged with great debts, (which are no fmall burthen to an honeft
mind J And ever remain
Your Graces
Moft faithful devoted
1623. fcrvant,
Dudley Carlcton.
Sir Dudley Carleton t$ the Duke.
it fleafeyour Grace,
THc Queen of Bohemia defirous to draw the Prince ofOrwg* to
more then general profcffions of fervicc to his Majeftie , hath
fometimes in my prefence, when I waited on her highncflc, given oc-
cafion of difcourfe her felf f and at other times I have fpoken in her
name with his Excellencie to the like effedt, as in my former Letter tQ
your Grace : which caufed his Excellencie to take three of the States,
fuchofwhom he is mod confident (one of Guelderfand^ another of
Holland, the third of Zetland} unto him, to ftrengthen himfelf by
their concurrence in chat, which is his own inclination , of carrying
this State to a ftrid alliance with his Majeftie, in which he told them,
That firft their minds muft be known,and next fuch aflfurance thought
of, as not onely muft give his Majeftic prefent Contentment, but
likewife free him from ail mifdoubt for the future, that either upon
offers from Spain to thefe Provinces, or any finifter accidents of War,
they (hould be induced to make Peace or Truce without his Majefties
confent.
Whereunto they anfwered him, (as I have it from himfelf this
day) That nothing could be more agreeable to their affedions, and
Interefts in all refpeds, then to be under his Majefties protection:
"-And for aflurance of their remaining conftantto that courfe, they
doubted not, but when the matter (hould be treated of, the Provinces
would willingly condefcend to what (hould be neceflary to that pur-
pofe.
r His Excellencie in relation hereof unto me went fo much further,
as to inftance in their new refolution here, now finally put in pra-
Xx fticc
"Sir Du
&ice of making Voyages into the Wtf-In&\n after the fame 'orm,
they have done into the*/?j both which joyned together m^ke
them irreconcileable with Spain. Yet if his Majefticwill have a
further tye on them, they. will not refufe it; but he faith, The States
will exped that fuch obligation be mutual , and that they in like
manner may reft affured, when they put themfelves wholly under his
Ma jefties wings, his Majeftie will not flic from them, and make his
peace without them.
I told him the cafe was not equal betwixt his Majeftie, and them,
they being actually in War, his Majeftie in Peace : fo as to come to
a conjunction, his Majeftie muft change condition, not they, and
therefore hath the more reafon to look before he leap out of Peace
into War. And, fo did Queen Elizabeth, who had raigned 27 years
before (he openly took upon her the protection of thefe Countries ;
but after continued her War in their Caufe to her dying day. This
be confeffed, butremembred withal, That there was a Treatieof
' Surburck^, with which the States were much ftsrtled, and he thought
that when this bulineffc ftiouid be more particularly fcanned amongft
them, as they would willingly give, fo they would, cxped: to receive
good afluraru^
In this point of declaration of their affection, and willingneffe to'
warrant his Majeftie fufficiently, I asked him, How far I might go
not to be difavowed : fo as if his Majeftie fhould take any fuddairt
refolution, according as affaires require, he might confidently build
upon the concurrence of this State. He anfwered me, That a refolu-
tion in this kind would require a farther proceeding, then was fit,
until! his Majeftie would be content to make his mind known,by fuch
private means as might feembefttohis ownwifdom, and then ac-
cording to his own liking, they would inkrge this matter here, to
Bsoreraens knowledge, then the fmall circle, in which it hitherto-
walked, arid-guide it m that manner as may be fit for the form of it to
his Majefties honour, and for thefubftance to his full contentment^
Which he offered to do now if I would preffe him to it j but withal
fold me his opinion, that it would raife nothing but bruit and.noife'
tf ithouuffecl^when we had here no better ground to work upon,and
therefore wifhed the bufinefle might expcfta return from his Maje-"-
ftie, if he could be content it (hould be proceeded in. In thefcterms-
cemaius this bufinefle, not free from many Cautions, and nice Cir-
cumftances; and yet on this fide, (Icanaffurcyour Grace) full of
jgood arTeftion ; but thefe are the true reafons of their coming on no
fafter, They hold it for amaxsmc.Thac Sfain will naver matdi with(
his:
$/> Dudley Carleton to the Duke. 33 p
his M'jeftie for love, but cither for hope, or fear. If Spain can enter-
tain } ope of reducing thefe Provinces to obedience by the Match, or
fear, that unleflc the Match proceed, his Majeftic will joyn with tbefc
Provinces in opposition to Spain : They hold in cither of thefe Ca-
fes the Match as made. And therefore left fomc ufe (hould be made
of their prefentations of themfelves, to their own prejudice^ they are
thus (hie, and circumfpeft. Befidcs, as they have had fomehelp of
money out of France this laft year,fo they arc entertained with hopes
of more againft the next : which they fear would be cxcufed upon
any offer they (hould make of themfelvcs cowards his Majeftic, and
therefore are loath to adventure the exchange of a fubftance, for that
which appears unto them hitherto, no better then a (hadew; And
they are indeed very umbragious; for they fufped, thatTentatives
of this kind, of which fomc have been made heretofore amongft
them, tend to no other end, then to endear our Merchandize with
Spain, and letthcMiniftersof that Crown know, that we refufe in
their Contemplation. But when his Majeftic (hall refolve in his
own heart, and be pleafed to make bimfelf fo underftood, it will be
no hard matter by his Excellencies means(who is a Prince full of good
intentions and real affections to his Majeftie,and his royal Family j to
make thefe men lay by their Jealouiles, and be as true to his Majeftie,
and die fupport of his Crowns,as his own Kingdomes. Which is no
more then they owe for the protection which thefe that are now in
Government had of his Majeftic, when they were lately finking un-
der the burthen of a contrary fadion; and no more then upon a good
knowledge of their Interefts and affcdions I can undertake for them,
they will really and readily pay, if the matter be well managed. In
which the confidence and freedom I have nfed with this Noble Gen-
tleman, Sir George goring,may give your Grace fomc further light,ai
any doubts (hall arife concerning the bufioefle. So I moft humbly
take leave,
Your Grace*
, 1 8. Decemb, Moft humble, and
1623. faithful fervant,
Xxa IS
Sir Dudley Qulciwi to tie Dtike.
race,
T He bufinefle of drift conjunction betwixt his Majcftie, and this
State (touching which the Queen of Bohemia hath received his
HighnefTe, and your Graces Lcttcrs,and I your Graces of the 9 th . of
this prefent)goeth on the right foot(according as yourGracc will fee
more particularly by my Letters to Mr. Secretarie Contoaj* and as the
matter is here imbraced with much affeAion/o for the manner Idoubc
not but it will be well ordered in that fort, as will be for his Majefties
honour,and contentment. But in regard of jealoufies towards us, and
emulations araongft thefc men in matters of imployment,(to which all
men are fubjec^efpecially in good and advantageous bufinefles ,fome
time,willbe required, to fet all in the right way ,yctno illimited
time; for I hope within a week all will be rcfolved of, and within a
a few dayes more, put in execution fullie to expectation. Sir Neel
C*writes,a league offenfive and dcfenfire will be imbraced by his
Majeftie, if it be propofed from hence, with offer of aflurance ; And
I affure my feJf both the overture, and offer will be made and real-
lie effected, if it beanfwered on our fide with good correfpondence
That which bufieth my cogitations is, that temput tgendi may be
loft ConfttltanAo and therefore feeing how both his Majeftie, and
this State ftand affeded,! w'H take the iibertie to give your Grace
two advertifements in matters of adion, which will be of exceeding
fruit, if they be thought of in time, and for which there is no time
to fpare.
One is, that your Grace doth inquire after in your Letter to the
Queen of Bohemia (who excufeth writing either to his High nefle,
or your Grace till the States have refolved of their fending )chac
is the States preparation for the Weft-Indies^ which way ,thecom-
panie for thofe parts newlie ereded in thefe, hath fet out one Fleet of
32. Sayl nowalrcadie at Sea, with fome Land menamongft them,
to put on ground and fortifie as they (hall find occafion j for which
they have men for the purpofe, and all materials readie embarqued
with them.
A fecond Fleet they are now preparing againft April next, about
which all their Admiralties and fomc of the Depaties'of this new
Wf-fr- Indian Companie are here at this prcfent. And the defign is,
for the Amiralties to fet out at the charge of the generalitic twelve
good (hips of war, bcfides they have alreadie on the coaft of Spain
aod in the narrow Seas, whicJvtbey will dill continue,
To
S/> Dudley Cuktonto the Duke. 341
To f hefc 12. (hips they require the Weft- Indian Companie to joyn
52. mo-e,which will make a good Fleet, and this they intend (hall be
re&die (as I fayd) in April next, to attend the coming of the Spanifti
Wefl-IndiM Fleet , which here they underftand is put into the
HavAtutJNtfh intention there to winter as it did the laft year.
Now if his Majcftie will give leave to his fubjeds to ercdt a
Companie for the Weft- Indies , and joyn with thefe men in thofc
Parts, as they do in the Eaft, (and upon more equal conditions, fincc
the bufinefle is but now in the beginning ) it will be here gladlie
imbraced. And if he will frame a Fleet betwixt his own (hips and
his Merchants to joyn with the States Fleet prepared for April ncxc
to intercept the Spanifti Weft- Indian Fleer, nothing more will be
defircd by thefe men, and there is nothing of which for the prefenc
they promife thcinfelves greater fruit : for either they hope to take, .
ortoftop thefilver ofthofe parts (both which arc good ferviccs,
conlidering the need of mony, the Spaniards have in thefe), or clfc
they refolvc with the (hips which belong to the companie to pur-
fuc their voyage of the Weft- Indies.
The fecond is a Truce with the 'Pjrttes of v4/i*r, fuch an one as
this State hath made in conformitie to their peace with the
Grand Seigniour, whichjwill bejio more obferved for unmolefting all,
and every one of our Merchants (hips as they are ftraglingly light-
ed on, then it is with thefe men, whofuffer many loffes in particu-
lar ; but thofe are recompenfed in the General. For the Spaniards
are much amazed with this correfpondence; And the men or War of
this State, or fuch Merchants, as can make any reafonable defence
are moft medled withal. Befides, in any matter of offence they con-
cur together ; And even now a proportion is made from Algicr to
the Prince of Orange, (which I have from his own mouth to acquaint
your Grace therewith) that in cafe this State againft the beginning
of next fommer will fet out twenty Sayl of fhips upon any good fcr-
vice againft the Spaniards, they will joyn unto them 60. Sayl to
purfuc the defign, whatfoever it (hall be of this State. The accepta-
tion of which offer being now in deliberation,it will be fufpcnded till
it be fcen, how this unexpected bufinefle with his Majeftie may pro-
f eed 5 . An d then they will here do nothing but that, as may concur
with our common Interefts. But becaufethe negotiation of this
matter with thofe of /*/gfer(that is a Truce betwixt his Ma jefties fub-
jeds, and thofe men) will require time, your Grace may provifro-
nallie move his Majeftie (if the matter be well liked,) to ufe fuch en-
deavours s
v v-
Sir Dudley Canton to f/L W*.
dcavours as may conduce thereunto. Here they ufe to wr\e, and
fend through France by t-Marfeillts to the Conful the^ ha\ c con-
tinuaUie at eX/^ir, by whofe meanes(if no better prefcnt it fclf) any
thing may be propofed, his Majefty (hall find fitting.
Other things, I will within few daies remonftratc to your Grace
for his Majefties fervice in this change of affaires, which require all
pofllble induftries,and diligences to be ufed both far and neer And
thofe not neglected, I doubt not, but they who have fo groflcly
abufedhis Majefties fricndftiip, will foone repent themfelves, and
by their harmes fee their own errourfcThus 1 moft humbly take leave;
Your Graces
Moft humble, and moft faithful
Hague 24. January, Servant,
1625.
Dudley Ctrleton.
Sir Dudley Carleton to the Duke.
May itpleafeyour grace,
According as I advertifed your Grace the 24. of the laft of the
difpofition of the Prince of Orange, and fuch of the States, as
fee called unto him to Councel, they procured the reft foone after to
refolvc of an Embaffage to his Majeftie, and now they have di-
fpatched the fame with as much expeditions could poffibly be ufed.
The Pcrfons are Aerftns of H//W,and fuckim ofZeatattd y both able,
and well affeded Perfons, and both fufficiently known to his Maje-
ftie by former imploymems. They go amply authorifed for what
they (hall treat : but that as yet is an Embrion onely which muft re-
ceive form, and life from his Majeftie, in whofe hands it lyeth to pre-
ferve this Statc,and difpofe for ever of the whole ftrength thereof for
his own fervice, and his royal Families, Which after more debates ,
and diftafts, then have patted with all the world befides I am glad I
can fay upon good warrantize : whereof this is one proof , that when
his Majeftie is conftrained by the neceiBty of affaires to fend and
feck to his other friends, heisfentand fought, and fued to from
hence. I doubt not but it will be objeded (as hath been formerly)
chat it is for their own Intereft, and that they would gladly ingage
his
Si; Dudley Carlcton to the Duke.
iris Ma;eftf e in their quarrel, which it were a f ollie to deny : but there
fc alw^aies ihe friendfhip ftrongeft when the interefts are moft coa-
joyned. And if that wnich is principally for one mans benefit, turn
like wife to another mans advantage, Hoc non facer e (faith an old
School-book) fumnut eftimprudenti&.
The affairs of thefe parts for matter of A&ion (which have been
more then ordinarily fucceeds in this cold feafon, but have been more
coldly purfued then was feared) I refer to this Bearer my Nephew's
report, who having the honour to be his Majefties fervant, I imploy
him the more willingly, as able to giveAccoune of fuch particularities,,
either of this Negotiation, or otherwife, of whic h his Ms jcftie, and
your Grace may require knowledge. And I humbly befeech your
Grace to give him encouragement by your accufiomcd noble favour, .
Sorefts
Your Graces
, 1 6, FtlrMttft Moft humble, and moft
1625. voted fervant,
Dudley
Sir Dudky
gr*ct
IT were a fin againfr thepublique fervice, in which your Grace
1 doth imploy your felf fo much to the common good, and your
own honour, to moleft you with Letters in this bufie time : which
muft ferve me forexcufc of filence, fincethe beginning of the Par-
liament. What I write now is by Commandment of the QtJecn of
Bohemia concerning this Bearer Captain GifforJ an old Seaman of our
Nation, who having a private fuite to the States, bath made a jour-
ney over hither with recommendation to me from our two Secreta*-
Ties for advancement thereof, but with a further purpofe to be im-
ployed by the Queen againft the S/>^*W in a matter of no leffe mo*
ment,thentakingofaGallion, which ufually bringeth the treafure
over the Gulph of Mixicofiwi Nova SpAgv* to the Havar,*. Which
lie defigns after this manner : To go out with two Ships a-ad a Pin*
Sir Dudley Carleton utl
nace onely fitted for fight, without more in number, becaufe of the
Alarum would be taken at a greater Fleet, and to lie ur.der Covert
of a fmall Ifland in the cntricof the Gulph of Mexico : where the
Gallion coming ufually alone, unlefle it be accompanied with fome
Merchants (hips, which he fets light by, and which incumbred with
goods and Paflengers, he think^ may be mattered, and taken, build-
ing upon the fecuritic in which that Gallion , with the reft of that
Nov* Spag* Fleet,do fayl fcattering in the G*Iph t till they meet with
the Fleet of Terra Firma at the Havaaa, where he having been here-
tofore a prifoner made this obfcrvation, and doth now offer himfelf
to put the defign in execution, with a demand of betwixt 10000 and
a 1 1000 1. for the whole equipage.
The Queen in recompence of his good will returns him with this
addrefle to your Grace as a man fit for imployment, for fo be is ge-
nerally reputed j but for the particularitie of the Exploit, (he doth
not entertain any thought thereof, but refers it wholly to your Gra-
ces Confideration, and to the opportunitie according as affaires (hall
fuccccd betwixt his Majeftie, and Spain.
Here are come Letters from fome of the King and Queens fervants
on that fide, and one to my fclf from a private friend, advertizing,
That there is a readinefle in divers of his Majefties Subjects of good
abilities, to put to Sea with Letters of Mart in the name of this King
and Queen againft the Spaniard, and of a likelihood, that if fuch
Commi (lions were given by thcfe Princes, they would not be ill un-
derftood by his Majeftie.
Mounfieur tdwtfens hath likewife written hither in a private Let-
ter to the Prince of Orange, that he hath been fpoken with to move
the States to incrcafe the number, he and his Colleague have men-
tioned of loor 12 Ships to joyn in any good occafion with his Ma-
jefties Fleet to 20 : And that the purpofe is to fet out 50 fayl on
that fide, and that both (hall go under the name of the King and
Queen of Bohemia. Wherein though the motion be not direftly
made, yet the Prince of Orange hath difcourfed enough, that when it
(hall come to iflue, they will ftretch themfelves to furnifh to the full
what is required on this fide. In both thefe bufinefles, as well the
granting Letters of Mart by thefc Princes,as their lending their namtfs
to any greater A&ion, they intend to govern themfelves onely as
they (hall undcrftand to concur with his Majefties pleafurc , and
therefore hope they (hall receive advice from his Highnefle, and
your Grace, what is fie for them to contribute to fuch occafions as
they
Sir Ludlcy ?*^ttontotbe Dake.
they fee much to their Comforts, you advance with fo great care and
vigilance. Thus I raoft humSly take leave,
HAgue 16. April, Your Graces moft humble, and
1 624. moft devoted Servant,
Dudley Crteton.
. fa*
Sir Dudley Carlcton to the Duke.
tJWaj it pleafe jour Grace,
SUch Commandments as I received from your Grace by double
Difpatches of the 4 th . of the lafr, by way of provifion whilcft Sir
WtUiamSAintleiger lay fick , were prevented by his own prefcnce.
He bringing the firft of thofc Packets with him, and thereby had
Commoditieto affift at the breaking of the bufinefle to the States,
by virtue of his Majefties Credence given him, and my Lord Gene-
ral Cecil : which fince, he hath follicited both at the Camp , and in
this place with all pofiible care and induftrie, and I have not failed of
my utmoft endeavours.
But the unfettlednefle of this Government, which ftill continu-
eth fince the late change of Govcrnours, hath bred delay to forae,
and dired impediments to other points we had in charge : which
we have endeavoured to fupply by other means. And now in what
flate he leaves the whole bufinefle,he will relate to your Grace. Such
Patents as your Grace required from the King and Queen of Bohc-
mia^ I have committed to his delivery in divers forms, with a Blank
figned and fealed, wherein to frame fuch an one as may be better to
your minds; But if your Grace make no ufe of it, you may pleafc
to return it to me again, to the end I may reftore it.
What concerns my felf, I abfolutely remit and fubmit to your
Grace; onely I will renew the requeft I made to your Grace by my
Nephew, That your Grace will not prefer any before me in your
formerly intended favour, out of belief, that any can be more, then
4 refolve to reft whileft I live a touties Efyreves, . j
Humbly and faithfully devoted to your
iirir, Graces perfon and fervice,
1625. .nv
Dudley Met9*.
Yy Sk
Sit Dudley Carlcton tc the T>ttke.
\JM*J fr f If afe jour Grace,
After long attendance the wind is come good for P
I hope will carry thither fpecdily and fafely the States whole
Fleet, though in 3. parts ; 12 Ships with the Admiral dt Napau^ho
hath long waited in the 7Vjf<?/; 4 but newly ready provided by thofe
vfZctUndtt Antfterdam , and 4 which have layen fometimes be-
fore the Stiff; whereof one is to land the UWarfial Chatiltio* in paf.
fing by C*Kce ; the other three to Convoy the Englilh men: And
ArmesI fend in 10. other Ships I have hired at Rotterdam : before
which place they have Layen 20 daies a Shipboard, by reafon of
contrary winds, with fome impatiencie v but no diforder: which
what courfcl took to prevent, as like wife what may happen in their
Voyage, my LordCowtaj (co whom I give a particular account of
all) will inform your Grace.
I have obtained leave for Sir Job* 'Proud to go the Voyage ac-
cording to his Majefties Letter, though it was fomcwhat flood upon
by the States, and he hath taken his paffage by Ze&l*nd.
When I call to mind, what Patents I procured of the King of
Bohemia, and fentyour Grace by Sir William Stint Lieger t (amongft
which was one of fubmifiion to any accommodation his Majeftie
(hall at anytime like well of for the King of Bohemia ) I think it
neccflary to advertize your Grace , that knowledge being come
hither of the Infantas fending the Count ShombttYgh to the King
of Denmark^ with a fair Meffage, and the Count Gondorxtr's over-
tures to Mr. Trttmbal tending to reconcilement, and reftitution of
the PaUtinAte^ it is fo willingly hearkned unto by the King of Bo-
hemia^ that there is no doubt of hisConfent : but withal he well
confiders , that if Treatie alone be truftcd unto, and thereupon
Armes nowleavied by his Majeftie, and his Friends belaid afide,
afl will prove as fruidefle as formerly. For howfoever the King of
Sp*in (for more free profecution of other quarrels, or defigns) may
be induced to quit what he poflcffethin the Palatinate, the (hares,
the Emperour, the Duke ofBavier, and the two Ele&ours UM*)t*ft,
and Trews, with a great rabble of Popifli Priefts and Jefuites
have therein, will require more then bare negotiation, to wring it out
of their hands ; and nothing hue Vi&orie, or at leaft a well armed
Treatie can ferve that turn,
The,
Sir Dudley Carlcto j u the Duke. 347
The time feemi longboi.Ii t^che King and Qgeen, tnd grcwei
very irkforne every day more tbn other of their abode here in thii
p'ace i which indeed doth prove in all rcfpeds very uncomfort-
able ; and that your Grtcc will gather oat of Mr. Secretarie (-Mor-
tons report, and my Letters to my Lord Cowvaj. In this very COH-
fideracion, I bcfccch your Grace be the more mindful of
Your Graces
H*gHe t 20 A . of Moft humble, and mod
Attguft, 1625. devoted fervant,
Dftdle) C<trlcton*
'
The Table of things moil remaikable.
A.
ADt'iralofEn$.\*nA bu Office, p.iot
fl/Caftilc tal^s place of The Imperial
, Etnbaffadout, itff
Acrfcus, 34*
Airier Vojagt) >43iH4
Allegiance Puritancs mil mt ftrearit, 1 1 1
Alpcs whin pajfablt, 18$
Anch re Ma-ijb.il of France. 310
ArcJjbifkop of Canterbury (hoots a Reefer
by mifcbtnce, 1 2. fee tit. James l&ng,
&C. for the Palsgraves accepting the
Bobenoi:n Crown, 169, 170
4rcbbi(kop of York againfl Toleration of Po-
pery, blames the Voyage into Spain, i j
Argilc Earl, x0i
Armenians chief in the Dutch State, $ a
Arundel 'Earl Atarfad, no friend to the El-
/hop of Lincoln, 61,65,74,301,307,
316.
Afhlcy Sir Anihony , gives tie Du\t of
Buckingham imiUigtnce of "Plots againk
him, 3 r 8
Afton S'rf Walter will not canfint tb*t the
Prince Palfg;rave fiould be brought up in
- tbeEmperouYs Court, 17 /Btiftol Earl.
Concurs with the Earl of Briftol in pre-
fixing a day for the Dcpotoilo'i,w:thout
making certain the r eft i tut ion of the Pa.
latinatCj which It beynoufly tatyn by the
Prince , gy. in danger for it to be called
^ tbere, 3<, 57. Kit Cauttdifcovtr.
Plots (igtir.fl bit Make
y j . of the Mtfchwtsjf 8. fee Merchants.
P.ofecutcsthe M.vqucffief Ynoiofa, in,
defence of the honour of England, fx.
fites to ret urn borne, yi, $4. wiU not fee
the ^ifcb-Lu^e m Spain, and why,
166
Auft.ian Vfwpation, ip>. Sit tit. Spain.
B.
BAcon Vifcount St. Albans Lord Cbav-
sellout decline all fuft/f cation of him'
M, y^.
Cijis binfi ffupon the Lfffd^ 6
Difcontcnts the Moiqutflecf Buckingham,
bis wyes to maty the Kivgdem happy, 9
edvifes Kjng ]mcs cmcrsntnghis rtvtnucs*
etevifes a book of bis (ft tc s there-how he
carried bim/t if when Co/tricittour, ard
othc>w:fe ) bow ((teemed, 10. 7i(evertool
bribe to pervert jfaftice, i-i. bis ptrdoa,
^0,82,
Barncvclt, 318 faffifih, no friend to the
Englifh, * A r minian, 331
Bavaria Dul^e o/ers to depend wholly on
Spain, 157. fee Palatinate.
Bcamont Lord f tied in the Star- Chamber,
itf.E. *. 5 g
B ergen bffifged, j 1 8
Bcrgftratcgj-vea the Jtrchbiflffp of Mcnrz,
Blanviltrtr Preach Embaffadmr an tnemf
THE TABLE.
to the D^e "/ Buckingham , holds In-
teMigence with the Duties Englifti ene-
mief, z^f . his character by the French.
300. See 174,1^,197, 3 a -
Blundel Sir George, ii>
f^of Common Prayer tranflated into Spa-
nifh, and why ,79. See bpaniardi.
, no.
Borgia, cardinal,
178
Bovillon D/^f, i<ff. fcefc the protection
from the Stites united, 3x0. weary of the
Palfgrave, 3 Z 7
Brandenburgh�r, 517,3 3*
Brer, <* "Pcufioner in difgrace, ao 4
Briftol <zr/ jfr/2 wot/er i /fo SpanHh
Matchfnegotiates in it, if.Earneftto con-
clude'^ *4,*5>^>3 6
^bidden by the King Charles for giving the
Spaniards hopes of 'his inclination to A
Chang in Religion, for his manage of
things concerning the Much, and under-
valuing the Kingdoms of England, 16,
17. Confmts that the Prince Palfgrave
Jhatt be bred in the Emperors Court which
the King Charles talps ill, 1 7.
Proffered by the Kig the favour of the
gefitrtl pardon, or to put himfelfupon his
tryal, 18. under rtftraintforhis trfours
in Spain, 19. ft moved from his offices,
forbtddtn the Court, denjed his Parlia-
ment rfr it, ther& jfuftifies himfelf, 19,
ae. to King James, go. Differs in opi-
nion from the 7)u^e ofBu ckin gham con-
cerning the Malcb, a i. Secfe the Du^e
^/Buckingham bis favour, a8. charged
to be his enemy , his mfdome and power
nt Court i<5i, it i. Conde ofOlivarez
offers him A \Aan\ p*p", figned by the
J0g, bids him choofe what voat in his
Makers power he refufes, ' 41
Brulc Peter his prattifes, 301
Buckingham D^ his carriage and efteem
in Spain, i<$.zi. &f Olivarez.
contemns the Earl o/Briftol, 11. See
Briftol.
an enemy to him, 131
The Spaniards wittnot put the Infanta
. into his hands, a a
thought an enemy to the Match with
Spain, 31,91,1*9, 118,119, aai, 137,
*4$, 148,
ii9) ati, i
Forgives wrongs, 58
^/ewtfrrfo/Wcftminftcr, 69
Haughty to the "Prince of Wales. 78
tffed to fit when the Prince ftood, &c.
aai
falls fnm his affeltion to Williams Lord
Keeper. 67. See Don Fnncifco.
his power t 91
King James his words of hit* on Don
Francifco's relation 91
Mediates for the Earl of Suffolk, lay
No audience ofEmbajJadours without him
ai6. taxed to King fames fieely, aig,
, ai9,iao,ai, aaj. defended, %nw t
^^6,^^7
* ftithfut fervant, a>
db^* <rgai/2 jbim i Parliament, aa8,
laj, ajo
Procures graces for tbelfpbilit] and Gen-
*y*' '*3'
Brftf^f the Spanifli Defines and Party, %6f
for the Match with France, apl
*A Confederacy by Oath again/I him t 307,
jet
The Queen of England had need of his
jriendjhip, 30 j
Dansfubmit the judgment of his Aftimt
to any try at, 87
Buckingham Counttfle, 274,301
Bucklcugh Lord, 317, 319
Button S t r Thomas in the Voyage of Al-
'"> ' 4J, 1 44,'
CJ
CAIcedon, a w/<ry Roman Bifhopin
England, 81
Calvert Sir Georgr, 102. See 304.
Carlilc Earl Pif count Doncafter loves not
the Bifhop o/Lincoln, 74, 8? See 180,
i8a. ftrfwades King James to feed his
Parliament (fo he) w'/fe /owe crums oj^.
the Crown, 170. re fifes, See 188.
Count Mansfclcs Cornmifionfor Cotoml 19
bis fon, *73
Carlos,*t4cc6-P/fee In Spain, irff
Calderon Don Rodrigo Marquefle de lac
Siece Iglcfias his Riches, confined, iof
Cartoon Str Dudley Emh*ffadour ) in the
THE TABLE.
Low- Countries, 3 1 7. write s to t( con-
rile Sir Horatio Vcre, and Sir Edvwd
Ctc/J, 313. his prudence to reunite
England ar.d the States, 3Ji,33*
Caronc Sir Hoc\ t Embajador in England
from the Low-Dutch, Sii-3 1 ?
CavcndiAi, 97
Cccyl Sir Edward, general, 118, 34;.
/ /or Command, wiUfave the^ng in
Expences, 118. lo/er by hit fervice,
119. fee 34?. SicVcrc Sir Horatio.
Vifcount Wimbledon commands in
chkfat Sea> negiefted, malitimfly acw
fed, examined, ^MS/^S^
Chailcs Prince ofW\cs>%i*g 0/England
after, bow entertained and. honoured in
Spain, H,i?,il.
Not to kefhal^en in Refiglon, contrary to
Conde Gondomar's Ixformttion to bis
Mafter, ij. got the love of oilmen in
Spain, .!,!, i;
n'iU not proceed in the Match without
reftiiution of the Palatinate and Electo-
ral dignity. 17,31,}*
Difileafedwith the Earl of Briftol for
raijtag an opinion among the Spaniards}
of his wi&mgnefle to become Roman
Catholiqne t andhis o/ersofjeducixg that
wy, 17
will not be bargained with for future
favours, 1 8. will not be drawn t things
but freely, I 8
His ajf ability > patience \ covftancy y n
bis civil and wife Repfy to the Popes
Letter, if
No lover of women. 137
Defends the Du^e o/BuckingJiams afti-
ons, <u done out of peiitic^ Compliance
fir the Palatinate caufe, ii8,ii>,i3<>
wiS favour as be pleafis, win grant the
Lords and C mm w* a ^ thwgs fair and
111 ufed by deltyts 'r& Spain, his Voyage
~* thither cevfurcd, 188,18^,3(4
Chevcrcux Dw^j a fiwant of the Prince
of Wales, 177,178,130. 5^300,
- 301.
v Cbichefter Sir Artlwr difttufled by the
I>*k e , *43
bis c cnffrwce with the EmbaffadcMs of
Spain, M4, *4?
Chidlcy a Sea CAftain, 141
Churchman an homicide, 1 1 , f y, 5 5
Churth o/England Reformed, J 16
chuich differences, Judges of them, 1 1 7
Clctk Edward, ' 3*^307
Clcvcs and Julicrs the fucccjjion of them
pretended t, 317
Coborn, a Captain of the Dufc f Brun-
Twick, 183,
Contracts ever before Mamsgepbere,iG6 t
107
Coke Sir Edward, 104,111
Cende imprifoncd, 176
Conference betwixt Don Francifco and the
Lordlfceper, 8, 87. betwixt Sir Ar-
thur Chichefter and the S'paaifh Em-
btffadows, 144. the Earl of NithiQail
and them, 147 -
Confejfton of Don Pedro concerning the
Armada, of '88. ay?
Conway Iwd, Secretary, advifes the Earl
cftranged front the Lord %fep<.r Lincoln,
8?
a Martial Secretary, 19*
intugh the Dulles fervant. 3 1 6
Cordova Don Gonziles, 3 i8, 3 1^
Corona Rceia. See Libel.
Cottington Sir Francis. 13, Si
CoUHCelTable ofKjng J*mtsfomewhat too
much prc fling upon the Kjng, 7 ?
Courtenvant Ma.vqutfft y ag^
Coxc JC'g Edward the (ixt Ins Schoft-
maftef, Master if Requcfts, and Privie
CounccUour t enters Orders. - 6&
Cromwel Lord, counfels the 'Dufa z ^3
D
D.
Enbigb Ctunteffc, 30 1
Denmark Qng his offers, 190,
B with a Layman to bold cure
of Joules cannot be, 66,67
"Dominican Frp 1 turns to the English
Cburch, 79
Don Francifco 's ftfceurfe to the Loffd
His
THE TABLE.
His cunning to fpcak with t(ing James,
90. Accujes the P/j;f o/^Buckingham,
90,91
Donato a Venetian Erabaffadour, gives
the lye tt the Duke of Savoy, an tnemy
to Paul the Father of Venice. 187
banished once at Venice, twice In En-
gland. 191
Don Doftour, 314. prefcnts tbe Duke with
4 book rf devotions, ibid.
E.
ELiot Sir John impifoned, 311
Elvis Sir Gervas hispofterity fettered
m blood and efiate, 3
Aloft guilty of the death of Sir Thomas
Ovcrbury, 3
.Empersur Ferdinand tbe tbird deales un-
wor-thily with I(ing James, 166. and
againft bis own Letter, 234
changes the German Cuftomes, 171
'his proceeding againft the Palfgravc
'protefttdagawft, 336
Elrzibtth Queen of England her Speech
tsbit Amy at Tilbury, ^6o
'Refrains the Papifts, and why, 258
protecJsthe Low-Countries, and upon
wbu terms, .333>338
England alone bappy in its Religion, 112
inclined to popularity. 2 28,129
not what it hath been, -6 r
Epifcopacy gone what will follow, 1 1 7
Effex Earl commanded to fight tbe Spanifa
Ships, lets them efcape, i j f
F.
FEria D^, i(?3
Fiat MarqutfTe, 293, 302, 288
Finch Ladycreattd Vtfcountiffe of Maid-
ftone, 79
Fleet of 'Spain, 43,73
Plate Fleet, 4*,49- paftcw away, 208
0/Porrugal, 53. yr Br&l, 1^7
O/" f fee Spaniard's , Venetians , and
Turks, 1 96, 207. o/ffee Low-Coun-
tries for the Weft-Indies. 341,34$
Frenchman burnt in Spain // contempt to
tbehofa f i
Frenchmen ufe the Englifti b*fely>
/fafir Contrast for the Er.glifh
i jo
French King falls upon thofe of the Reli-
gion, 164,177
Prance governed by the ^iteen Mother at
the propofals oftheMatcb with Maddm,
which {he is earneft for, but wiU do no-
thing titt the Treaty with Spain be
broke \ 174,10 ^7-7.
The French not muchfolticitottt for the
Englifli Kecufants, 27^284,28^
Ricbnefle of their habits at * Mafque in
bonoftr of the Engli(h, 278, 279
fear the Spanifti greatn tfte, 281
defiwttoftheEngtitti alliance, 282,
283, ^87
unities of tbe Match diflfydby tbe En-
glifti, 289
endeavour to break tbe Spanifli Treaty,
3J
Give precedency to the Englifti, 254
G.
GAbor BetWem, 33^
Gage imployed about tbe Diftienfa-
tin, 233, 238
Gecic Sir Michael . 13 y
Gerard Sir Thomas felled , upon fufpi-
tion of defignes againfl the K'g 2 7 ^
GifFord, a Sea Captain, bis defign upon a
Gx&onin rfceGulph of Mexico, 343
Gondomar, his fatfe relations of tbe Prince
o/Wales, i y
Commanded again for England, 54
Goodneffe ever maft eajtly betrayed, 170
Goring Sir George, 96, 200, 330,31*
339
Grandees of Spain fcveralty prtfent their
ftngwith fummes of monies to rdieve
bis wants, i<$8
Grandmont Fraub Mounpeur, 28^
Gregorie tbe xy. tempts the Pi'mce of'
Wtlcs to change Religion, 212,21$
trks to maty tbe Duty of Buckingham,
216
Greiham, 3 15
Grcflcy, ibid.
Gcldcr-
THE TABLE.
Gcldcrland States have the leading voyce
' m the united Netherlands, 3*3
Goring Sir George, 100
Guicciardinci Judgment of Venice, 8
H.
HAlbcrflat Chriftun Bu^eof Brun-
fwick, z4o
Hamilton Marqucffe, 31$
Hartford Earl's Petition, 89
Hatton Sir Chriftopher, ^^6
Haughton Sir Gilbert complains of the
LordKfepe-f Williams his jervants, 74
Henderfon Colonel {lain at Bergen, 3 18
Henderfon Sir Francis, 3 ^9
Henrietta Maria of France, after Jjfufex
/" England, . beautiful, difcreet,
and full of re/fett to the Prince of
Wales, Z7*,z77. See 278,190
fends privately for his pifture, zffo
Herbert Lord, ofnofaftion, his Informa-
tions to Kjng James from France, 304,
30?
Holland Earl Lord KcnGngton in France,
when the Treaty for the Match theft wot
beginning for it, 174, *7 ?, *7* ,*77,
.178, 179. received by the French King,
'278. frealp to him conctrning the
Match, i8z. with the J$ueen Mother,
189. with Madam, 190. allowed at alt
times free, entrance into the Lou u re,
Howard Sir Robert,
103,104.
I.
J
Aniville Pr'mce for the ^ueen Mother,
ij(. forwards the alliance with France,
Jatc$ K'g of England famm for wife-
dime, mercy, &c, ^
Appoints commiffioners to inquire of the
-- Arcbbifiop of Canterburies Cafe, i a.
See ^rckbijhop of Canterbury.
his promifes to Williams Lord Deeper,
if.
qever breaks his word, 77
Troteftour of the Proteftants, 1 1 0,1 n
fought to, to b< faiwd Head and frt-
tc ft our of that faith; at the Spaniard
would be ta^en to be of the Roman, 307
Protcftour of the Venetians owned fo
by them ; confcruntim of the publiquc
tranquillity relyes upon him, 1 7$>, 1 1
/lyds the Savoyard joyns in the caufe
o/Cleve, 170
- Promifes not todrawhisfeverityto'Do-
naco the Venetian Embtffedoiir int
example, 191
fought to by ^Spaniards to ]oyn againjl
the T>yfates t 107
writes to the Pope, 11 1
tymcs at the univerfal peace of chr'i{ic*~
dome, 170
what a Jriend\to the Low-Countries,
frighted and ingraft fully dealt with by
them, 33 1
The Germane Princes relyeupon him,
33*
Infanta of Spain, i f, i, n, iz.
her vertues and beauty t fa loved the
Prince of Wilts, ^6
her portion, 27
Ingram, zz
Inquifttor General piefents a confulta to the
Spanifh King toftocure a fabile, ju
See Jubile.
if the fr(t who offers toward the Kings
neceflities. 168
Joachim tf/Zealand, 3^-i
Irifli raife ajbirftons in Spain of perfecttti.
ons in England, iy
trtetifet of their friefts there. 49
Ifabella Clara Eugenia her Complement
to the Bavarian, 140. See 167,3 3 ?
Jubilee from Rome to expiate for the Cox-
tempt done to the Ho ft, fi
Junto of 'Divines to conjtder of the Spa-
niQi Kjngs Oath, by which he would tat"
dertakefor the Kjng of Englands per-
formance of Articles, iy
furifdiftion Epifcopal uftd in England
without the fags cenfent, aga'mfr com-
ft
THE TABLE.
K,
EeftroftbeSetl
Killegrew,
.
jeeldingto demands, muft deny notktng,
L.
LAken Nicholas bis difctverics CM-
cerniag Sorona Rcgia , 151,
iyi
Lamb Dr. o/ L favoured by the Bifbop
^Lincoln, t6,6z
Langrack Dutch ZmbitfAdattr at Paris,
bis advtrtifetnents of affaires , 318,
3i9
Lindaffc tiflnp fues fet preferment, trou-
bled, iip,no
laud %lfbop of St. Davids fues to be a.
ffioner, and why, 1 1 3
wfchievous in Parliaments,
It grand jr^f /*rw to.
Wales,
refufes to be admiral fortbe Lord Stew-
ards place, ioi. no mania Parliaments
dw ft touch him, ^6
letters of Mart ag*i(t the Spaniard,
in.V* 344
jfe/ tgalnjt T^ng James jy rfce PJptf',
orona Rce,ia, iji, iyi
1 9
,
Of Kings invaded ty the Spaniard, 191
6/Wftmioftcr impeached by the Lord
$uw*rd and arl M&fbxl 69,69
where Liberties are tt beimfiieaded,
iiege, K'*I </ Spain
there 3
im by tht French Kjn? t
183
lieutenants of counties chtfen, 76
Londoners deceive tke t\.'ng in his Ctt-
jhnu, wtd9*Urtbtr Twins,
fiver t enema u tbeDute, ii6
Low-Countries, ojfirs of tbcfe States to
Sir Edward Cecyl, 130
their proceedings in affairs, 3 17, to 3 z
how much bound to England, 3 3 9
Jealous of the Eoglifti, their eowfesfbf
Religion, 3 zi. C4r>j them/elves ftrange*
ty to the Englifa 331
*^ r o / info /k#;V, 314
<fc/J the lwg of England's froteftt-
on, 337
wfcy ^ fc-rjS^ not to conclude, 33?
Sttrf Embajfadours into England to
treat. ,341
Ludc, Count, , tj
Luincs, thegrett French F4vourite,i7f,
i ..
Aconel Sir Jannes, /Eg/'crtif Scor,
entertained in Spain,
109
Magnus of Zealand, 3 17
Mtleconttnts of K'*g James ci^ Vjvg
Charles their "%eigns t ity
Manfcl Sir Robert'&./ov Argier Cow-
HWfKfr 4j? r/be Turks, 140,141,
141.
Mansfelc Earl hatts the konfeof Aitftria 3
entertaitudbjthe Venetiant, how obe-
dient to the Paifgravc, 18^. In the
Low Countries, ^ 328.319
Manages ofprincts of different Faiths,
in what manner, 106
Mtrfhti of England his office, power,
wet hereditary Mayjhal of the K
bwfe,
&lafques in France, 178, 179
A/*/?er of the Horfe to the KJng, i o t
JMathcwcs Sir Tobie. zyi^ifz,!^.
Match with the Infanta 0f Spain, the po-
cetditigs, if. See Infanta.
Many thiagi yeelded to for it, ^$t
Tht Portion and aU the temporal Articles
were fettled, 13, if
7)ifficulties in It from Rome and Spain,
THE TABLE.
Betwxt tbePrlnUffWiluandMutam
' f France, 17 j J>7*. Concluded t
S 9 z ,n
agitated betwixt the Emperours Son and
the Infant* Donna Maria, \6j
I fabella Clara Eugenia moves ft* the
Prince ef Poland, 167
Bc-ttvixt the Emperoitrs "Daughter, And
PalfgravcsSca, 170,171
Maurice ofN*f[*n'Priceof Orange, a.
blunt Prince, ji4> 33 1
againft the Nowllijls, 311, 311
would reconcile Sir Hoiatio Vcre, and
Sir Edward Cccyl, 315
te and the Prince Conde rf;]^, ibid.
give: away Colonel Hyndcrfons T^tgi-
went contrary to An aSt of the States , .
.3*9
defires the protection And friendfhip of
tyng James, 33i,33*>337,338
3#to /fftfr / w of Italie ftf I^ig
James by Sir Henry Wotton, 19;
jHercb**tsofEng\*nddenyedtbe free en-
trtnce tf their commodities in Spain, 1
46,47. the order of prohibition ft&d, ft,
lit
iUufcd there, 48
Michel Sir John, fuss ivjxjlli in chance'
ry, 83,84
MisWlefex S#lf*ei to the Jtfag firgracc^
JOJ
J?ft/, 104
?p, S war confcnt to any diminution of the
CrtTvn revenues, *66
begs time for bis defence, 168
Mo&Mpittcbefii, 188
Mole, an En'jjifnman in the Inquifition,
concerning Ring James bit Eoo^for ^il-
tqpmce, 194
Montague after Bifiop of Chichefter im-
prifonedbf the Houfe of Commons, who
(fo be) bad nothing to do with kim, 1. 1 y
^ Requires the Papips to prove certain que-
* (lions, ii ?,!'<*
Three Efoopt defend bint, i \6 t 1 1 7,
US.
^ /;if 7"o^ Appello C^ftrcm , fa
much d> fik*d fy the Fuiitanes, 116.
lit
Montgomery Earl taxed, 17. See lot'.
Murray Scboolmafter to the Prince of
Walcs,rfPuritane, preferred to be Pro-
N,
N&e^ ffw^r <frw nm to su,
101
Nevrburgh DM^I ; Spain, i^^i^
/^- in the Palatinate, j 3 j-
Nithifdail Eri fc Conference with rfcc
Spanifti Embtfadours, 147
Novc Mwnjieur, 319
O.
OFflw fl/rfee Originals, TO
Ogle Sir John giwj Extracts of the
Duty and Embajfadours Letters , 137.
Olivarez Conde <fc< Favourite of Spaing
A.'i *?/ rfor D^e 0/Buckinghaau /re-
M0, 1 6
his prstefiatim to the Earl o/Briftol, 40
fives the Mtrqufffe of Vnoiofa from the
profecution of Sir Walter Alton, y z
&/i Rodomontade, 289
TteCondcfla cf OlivareK frtyesfor
the Dul^e of Bu: kinghatn, 33
Opinions of fame in tbt church dangerous,
117
Ornano ro/o/w/ Morfciff of Oilcans bis
Governor, 8tf
OflTuna 7)ulf t y*e Roy of Naples, com-
tcrfeits madncfle to cover his difloyalt^
N
Threatens the Venetians ttttH/c thej
would not be robbed by han, t if^
confirmed in his (government Avoids the
Spaniflifrp, " 184
Oxford Ear/, t, imprifoned, 109
the Duty of Buckingam, frC
' 3"
z x
THE TABLED
p.
P Marinate if tbe Rhine caufe of breach
jfo* Spanllh Match, 17, 3fj3&,
*34, ^SJ,? ?' mangled by the Empe-
tou-f by guifts, 33 f
difficulties in tbe reflitution of it, 171,
f. 148
befnds too (bong fir him, 1 8 S
Philips Sir Robert. i$4
mediates with the Vuke fir tbe Ear I of
Briftol, z^r
Pirates of Algier, 1 4 z
Of t he Levant/ff^ for pardon, i ?*
formidable, ij8
infejl the Coafts o/Spain, aorf, 107
Popes their arts, 171
Porchercs, 33i>33
ir Richard.
the upper fettled on the Bavarian, 3 3 f Portland Earl. See Wcfton Sir
Pardon of the Lord of St. Albans, 60 Prefects given on both fides in Spain, if
Parma Duty, 186. imprifous his baftard Priftners in the Fleet, tndtlx damned in
fan, *88 KM compared by tbe Deeper iincoln,
Parliament of England Houfe of
Commons no where before Henry the x. Privilcdges
tbwurt tbe %ing, their priviledges graces made n colour, 117
eflfjngs, 6f Procejffion upon the fubile in Spa'at by tbe
grown in tbe late Reigns tumultuous and %ing , J$ueen 3 &c. 51
licentious, a4 Proclamation concerning the fgnature of
Bills, 81
Proteflants of aU perts beholding to %ing
f rival e grudges made public^ bufaeffe,
zjo
what men dangerous ifiParliaments^i j
See ^^6.
James, no, m
Provoft of Elton, bath citreoffoules, rxuft
Of Spain grant their King 60. MiUions be in Orders,
of Ductyts which the Cities will not r a- Purbeck Lady (foftie) much aftiSs' be><
tifa 4T husband, 313
Complains highly of tbe Duty and his
Family, 313, 314.
Puritanes, fee Allegiance, haters of the Go-
vernment, begun in Parliaments, faS up.
ontbeCouncelloursofStatey witting to
cli} the King. n?
Putcan had a, band in Corona Rcsia tbe
Libel. IT*
difperate enemy to tbe Empe-
rur, 17*. pfomifed restitution condi-
tionally, 141. content ttfubmit, 3^7
?atf*ges betwixt tbe Deeper Lincoln, and
Don Francifco a. Spaniard, concerning
Peace er wxt betwixt England and
Spain, upon breach of the fliatch, 77
Paul the father of Venice-, 187
Peckius, 333
feere s Judges in Parliament, f
Pcnningtoncjir John, 141. will not de-
liver up tbe l\ings Ship for tbe French
fervice, 147, i 4
f\ueen *fBohemia ber virtues,
337
bis advice concerning tbe ContraR of tbe >*een Mother of France. 176. fir the
Ttenchfor the ufe offom* Znglifr Vef-
fels, i jo
Perfian Embaffadour bis frit to %jng
James, iz
Philibert of Savoy Viceny of Sicily, bis
gotdafftftion to t(ing James, 1 58
ni, 1 81
jfyt tbe Turkito Fleet wbich
Match with England, 190, ^^ 6
young ^ueen (hewes grtat rtfreft to the
English Prince , and is wneft for the '
Match with Mtdam, 177
mt Spanish, t bough a fifjter of Spain,
Rawleigb
THE TABLE.
R.
RAwIeigh Sir Walter, infotent,
his rfeflem Voyage, bad defatted
thofe Countries > > *fo Z>^ f
Buckingham to Inter cffour, 308,
309
/ ffo Or^r of the Garter ,
211
Kiftrmation office, rules for it, 6,7.
Refuges Mmfieur, 3 19
Religious life, miring into it after betroth-
ing, 14
Rxhlieu cardinal, when ftft of the Cabinet
counsel, 187
Richmond 7)ultf Lord Stsward, ioo 3 ioi.
See ^6.
Richmond Dutcbeffe gives i foo Ltheyear
for a. boufe to fltep in, i o 6
Rochel/b (ireigbtly blocked up in Novem-
ber, S6z?. no intelligence could be bad
from thence, vji
Rochfort yifcount hit gtnerofity, ac 9
fws for the Earl of Oxfords LibfYty t
210. 5ff 310.
Rochfoulcaut Cardinal. 181
Roe Sir Thomas /?m 13. EngliHi ^01
/jbe Spanifh GaKiesJy the favour ofPhl-
libcrt of Savoy, 158
Roman Catholic^ favoured in England ,
bccaufe of the Spanifh Match , Md to
comply with the Articles t 8 0,8 1
Sijhop of Lincoln his advice concerning
titular Eifbop ofCalcedon in Enlnd 3
fee tit. Williams.
complain of ptrfecutiw in England, 9?
*3*
to the Spanifti Embaffadour, turbulent,
105
Iftng James his clemency to them difli-
fyd, what that was, 110,1^1 1,1 it. and
, ? >
Jcfuttet (lir up the French King agaivft
the Calvinifts , becaufe T$ing James
txecutes his Lawes againfl the Papifts,
1 1 1 .their prttftifes in parlitment again fc
Imprifoned in the time of the
and why,
contrive tumitlts ) difarmed by t
their itt/olency,
ST. George Madam,
Saint-Leger Sir William, 334,33?
Sandys Sir Edwin, 76
Sam* Croce Marqiteffe, 178
Sarmicntos Don, 31 8
Savil Sir Henry, Provoft of Eaton,
61
Savoyard Embafiadour, vj 1, 199, ? oo,
301,303.
Savoy D*fo 168
a friend to the Palfgravc, diflrufieil by
the Spaniards, 18;
defeats them, ao&
Say yifcount a, Malccontent, 1x5,307
Saxonie Duty, afiiendto Kjng ]*mes,axd
tfcc Palatine Family t 167
Scot Dottoitf defirlbed by the Pijhop of
Lincoln, 99,103,101
Scotch Maftets confifcated in Spain , and
fentenccd to the GaUies, yo
Scultctus at the Synod of Dort, 173
Serclaus a. Dutch gentlewoman, trotting
on bothfdes betwixt the Dutch <wdSp*3-
nilli, 331
Sbipw/aclt of the Plate Fleet, 48,49
Ships attempted tt be fired, 1 3 j
Sibnndus a furious Calvinift at the Synod
of Don, 174
Soiflbns Count, a Prince of the Blood of
Frnce,wW many Mad*nt o/Francc,'
*8*
bis Incivility to the Earl of Holland,
8f
lured, ^lf^
Sommerfet Earl fues to the Qng for hit
life and eftate , rife upon htt Fathers
Merits, 1,1,3 A>
Somh-hampcon Earl confined to his own
boufe, 17
hardly dealt with, but without the Kjvgs
Order, 6*, See 31 5,
THE TABLE.
SpJnilh Itytg gives precedence to thePritice
of Wales, 14
Much fought to by the Englifh Papiflt,
ajmes at the univerfal Monarchic, 17 4 >
Spaniards committed matty mows in the
forward to give any fccurity t the ac-
complifhingit, M, f
Cautelous in their proceeding, 443, 147
*>_, */;<? Grandees fummowd, and the
Sattalon, yi. fir the Sea, ' 166
leight andwrmg the English, 54
Seifetbe Venetian Veffels in the Parti of
, xrm mill their Dominions ,17 9,
tbeif fubleties, they rob the Venetians,
183. their flats upon the States united,
333. complain they cannot obtain free
audience, 146
Spanifo Rodomontade*, *8 J, 148
Intended with their Amada to have
rooted out the English Nation, if 9
b) the Match to have formed * party
bere,w. See 338,33*.
Get more by their policies then Swords,
^6l . no peace can be with them th tre.
would mti{t peace tvith the Dutch, 3 17
will not believe the Eaglijh had either
Faith, Church or Liturgie, 79. See Eiok
ofCommon-Tfaytr.
burn the Princejje Palatines $oynture in
fight of the Englifh Embajfadour ,
3*9
Spinola, 3 l8 >333
Star- chamber an ancient court, 58
held Pleas of reftitution of Ships and
e t when the word came frft ovtr hither,
Steward f the houfe, 6$
Office of Lord Steward, what, lei,
101
Sutctfft things not to be fudged by it,
304
Suffolk Earl his Staffs of Treaftrer ta^en
away, 116
fentmctd in the Star-dumber, n
wiU not perfwade his foM to leave the
court, deliwred from tbeTiwef, i3,
1*4, Uf
Synod ^England,
"
of no authority with *r,
T.
Tllley count befoges Heidelbergh J
Tillierf Count, 30?
Toirax, ^%6 ) 187
Treafurer of England accufes the Lord
Deeper tf Lincoln, 71,73
Treafure iH managed, i it
Trclham of the Powder Treafon prefervtd
bis ejlate, j
Truger Madamoifc lie, 301
T| ucnbal an dgent at Bruffcls for V^ing
James, bis care to find out the Auttour
of Corona Rcgia, >5Vf 5
TurkiOi fyndmQe to the Venetians,
IS*
TyrconntlPagetotbe ^ueen of Sprin,
49
V
V.
Alette Marquefft, a!
Vandenbergh grave Henric
318
VwiLord committed to the Fleet for re-
fifing the Kjngs Commands, ^fl
Venetians in danger of the Spaniard, feck
MJ(/g J>m j I7,I79
fue to him to forbid exportation of At-
tiBerr t &c. i to
refu/e Turkifli ajds agtinft Chilians,
i96. intivil to the Du{e of 5avoy,
187
Velville MtrqHtfte, 274,2.84, 18^,287,
Vere Sir Horatio (leighted umctfonabl) by ,
SiVEdward Cecjl, as inferior in birth ,
and worth, 1*4*3*3
Viceroy o/portugal, 4J
V;lle-aux Cleres, 193,300
s propo-
fttions,
THE TABLE.
fitions,
S&prores in Na?Ici,Mlllain,&c,
W.
188
WAkc Sir Ifaac imployed in Sa-
voy, his prudence, 180,181,
186.
governs h'wfelf fl.cerd:ng to his infiru-
ftions, 184
not fupptyed with monies, 1 8 *
iVn'f tbe weft prtfyirous bath miffortune
enough in it to maty the autbtr unhap-
knowledge of it tbe higbeft of bumtne
thirigt , 133
preparation of things (hewes expcfience-
wbtt war it lawful, z y 8
Wefton Sir Richard Earl of Portland,
198,199. afitMinifrr, 134
treats for the Palatinate at Bruflcls,
tannot prevail, aoi, 13 4.
accufed to the Duty, zo t
Intercedes for the Earl of Middlesex,
Wilford Sir Thomas Jinty a Turkifh man
of war, 141
Williaaw Dean of Wtftuamfter , Lord
Keeper, and Eifiop of Lincoln, after
fues fcf the Bijhoprick f London ,
54
his EC cUfiaftical fr emotions, yy
advanced by the Duty of Buckingham,
bis opinion of tbe Arebbijbtp of Can-
terburies mifcbanee, where his ambition
isvipble, 5 6
jVi&ferve the Earl 0/Southampton while
he matys good bit profejfions to the Duty,
58
loves tbe / o/Bri/bl at this rate, 13
fit j in tbe dmrnm Pleat. 4 1
MM notfeal tbe Lord St. Albans pardon,
/ and why, <i,6t,8.
, orS>Richtrd Weftons Pef, 93
.' nor an order far a PapiH Priefts liberty,
61. nor tbe Earl of Arundeh Talent
fir tbe Earl Marfhals place, 6%
An txemy to the Lord Treafum, f *
TotbcEarlofAtundd, 61,63,64-
HM not ftifcbarge a ydfwtr fir contempt of
'Bcme in Chancery, 6$
fecm to advife Kjng James to diffolve
tlx Parliament of i<?ii. to find eut
other wtjes tofuppfy his vnnts, and ac-
quaint the Kingdom with the undufifuL-
ntffe and obftinacy of tbe Comment, 66
accufed by tbe Lord Treafwer, of making
injuft advantage isf bis place, vindicates
binfelf. 7l,7*j74.
forbidden the Ceurt, 78
tfill not fe*l tbe Kings Patent of honour,
without l&avt.tedge of tbe Dfttys gV&
fleafure, 79
agaiaft the Councel Table, 75
DifKtyt prohibiting execution of Statutes
again fc the Ptpifts, 80
His advice to hang tbe titulary Blfhop of
Calcedon, 8-1
rfoutdhave aK honours and offices derived
Is hisvaQal, 8y,ioo,ic 1,103
Li vet not but in the Duty* favour, 1 07
Loves and hates as tbe Duty does, 8 4,
does equal fujlice,
83
Would not be over-tipped, 94
charged by the Duty to run Courfes dan-
gerous to his Countrey, and to the caufe
of Religion^ betrays tbe Duty, (flamed
by him a fn brar.d, and not vco-tby of
truft, 87, 88
bis R(pty, 89, 9*.
ifritts unworthily offing James to tbe
Duty, 94
fue s to the Duty for tbe tm&fi *f
Southampton, 96
Would have the Duty to be Lord Steward,
101, i a
Mtrey with Sir Edward Coke, 104
advifes ceacaning tbe-frtxics and Mar-
riage with France, 106,107
In difgftee, tbe Seal tatyn away, excu-
fesblmfelfto I(ing Charles, ip8
fufyeftedata Malecontent, and willing
toimbroil, ixf
Wimbledon Vifcomt* See Cccyl Sir Ed-
THE TABLED
Wouon S\t Henry; x?j, 1 54. ft*** w* England, kit \U Offiets ben] tudfatft
Figures to the Di^e, Wf informttioxs, o 40,4150 *
Complains that after his long ferince bis endeavours to (lain the Prince tf Wales
EmbafTige (heuld be given anther > md his honour, jr. gee Olivarcz.
himfdf left naked without any rewards, for the D^e of Bavaria*s pretences
or prffvifiw far bis fubpfi'nce , i 9 6 t ,^
\97 Young Patrick. !
toobajbful,- 199
W y nwood Sir Rilpb, Embffiidouir m the,
Netherlands, bm catemed there.
nttnTrefte, ,g
Zpara carrf/W Viceroy of Naples,
\7'Elrerton Sit Henry, 310 Ztttenftcin tf Utrecht
,X Ynoiofa jftfgitffo Emb*S<td<w in
'
Books
SCK1NIA
Secrets of Empire,
LETTERS
Of illuftrious Perfbns.
*J SV TTLEME fr^T
OF THE
CABALA
INT WHICH
Bufinefs of the fame Quality and
Grandeur is contained :
With many famous Paflages of the late Reigns
of K.HENRY 8. QiE L i z A B E T H,
K.JAMES, and K.CHARLS.
LONDON,
Printed faG.Bedck andT. Co/tins^ and are to be fold
at their Shop at the Middle-Temple-gate in
Flcet-frcct. 1654.
-
k '
STATIONERS
To the
E cannot fuppofe here that
words will be needed to
raife opinion ; yet it may
be expected we ftiould
givefome account of what
we have done , and we will do it. Not
long agone we printed that excellent col-
left ion'of Letters known by the name of
fybala^ which the world has leen and ap-
proved Since, another volume of JLet-
jers hath come to our hands; a volume
Vvhich may juftly be called a fecond C ^
bala, not unworthy to keep that com-
A 2, pany,
*^
Stationers
pany 3 a part which muft add much to the
other, asilluftriousinitstitles, asconfi-
derable and as weighty for the matter*
In which, befides not a few noble monu-
ments of the former years from the de-
ierting of the Roman Church by our
great Henry downward , of his daughter
the moft glorious virgin Queens life and
government recorded, fome of the fame
great adlions are begun,many continued;
much of the policie, contrivances, and
workings of the fame fucceedimg Princes
and their Minifters, of the carriage of
the fame things farther profecuted, and
more fully difco vered. Like fifter-twins
of lovely faces they have both apart their
native fweetnefs , their feveral worths
and graces , yet they are not fo fully-
taking 5 fo perfeftly beautiful., as where
they are drawn together in one frame.
In the new more is difcovered 9 not only
of the foreign affairs in Cjermany^ Italy ;
France.,
to the
''France, Spain, and other Countries whi-
ther the mtereft of the late Reignes en-
gaged the Soveraign adtors; but of our
home-Councels, Orders, and provifions
both for the Church and Common-
wealth, enough to (hew the prudence,
judgment, and forefight of thofe who
fwayed in chief then , and to let us know
now the Ages part have had the honour
to be governed by men D who did not per-
mit all things to fortune; who if they
could not affure themfelvs of the events,
yet they could command , defign, and
underftand : Their defigns and counfels
( which will be admirable to fbme, but
ridiculous to others) being ever direfted
and ruled by equity and juftice , ever
aiming athoneftends, fuchas may ven-
ture abroad, fuch as will appear fair and
handfom in the light : whereas if we caft
pur eys upon the Popes in the fame leafs,
Ave (hall find nothing but combuftions,
no-
The Stationers
nothing but fire 3 brimftone and alarums^
to war and blood % If upon the French,
nothing but inhumane cruelty and vio-
lence upon the conference too. If upon
the Imperiahfts and Spaniards ^nothing but
artifice, nothing but cunning perfidiouf-
nels; all their plocs and confutations,
their cheating 1 reaties , tending meerly
to the advancement of the Auftrian houfe,
without any refpedt to piety and juftice,
faith or honour. A tafte of which un-
wonhinefs we find in this fecond Part,
where the Spanifh Match is firft moved
by the Duke of Lerma^he grand Minion
in *Pbilip the 3. his reign ; this Duke
damns himfelf in oaths for hisfincerity
and reality toward the Match, which
OJivare^ the prefent Kings Favourite.,
tels his Mafter here was never in tended
It would be too tedious but to touch in^
pafsing by 3 upon the generals in thefe
Letters ; upon the calamities and mife-
ries
rf to the Trader*
'fies of the Palatine (jermans, of the Hu-
genets, the fiege and taking in of *Rocbel,
&c. Herelie and Superftition every
where triumphing over truth. To fpeak
of the fpirit and worthines of our Hero's
were impofsible ; we might cull out
fome Letters here, of which (were there
no more) might be faid,
band or eye
By Hyliard drawn, *J worth a Hifiory.
Of thefe Letters we may fafely be be-
lieved, though they come outthus late,
and are fb little known, their merit will
eafily weigh down the age and fame of
thofe which have gone before*
Temple-Gate^
May i. 1654.
G. B.
T. C.
'
A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
Sir Fr.B&con to Sir Ro.Cec\\,afier defeat of the Spaniatus in Ireland, # t
Confederations touching the Queens fervice in Ireland. ^.g i
Sir Fr.Bacon to the L.Treetfurer, touching his Speech in Parliament. 54
Sir Francis Bacon to the Earl ^/Northampton. 55
To the Lord Kinlofs, upon the entrance of King James. 55
To King James. ibid.
To the Earl of Northumberland, concerning a Proclamation upon the
Kings entry. 58*
To the Earl o/Southampton. ibid.
To the Earl of Northumberland. 5 8
To Sir Edward Coke, expoftulatorj. 60
To the fame after L. Chief fuftice, and in dif grace. ibid.
To Sir Vincent Skinner, expoflnlatory. 66
Sir Francis Bacon to the Lord Chancellor. 7 t
To King James. 72
-rt/r.Edmond Anderfons Letter to Sir Francis Bacon. 7 3
Sir Thomas Bodeley to Sir Francis Bacon, upon his new Philofophj. 74
Mr. George Brook to a Lady in Court, 79
To bis Wife. 80
King James to the Afapr and Aldermen of London, after he TVM pro- .
claimed, Mar.2#. 1603. 81
The Roman Catholiqucs Petition to King James for Toleration. 8 2
Sir Walter Raleigh to King James before his Trial. 8 5
Sir Walter Raleigh to Sir Robert Car, after Earl of Sony erf et. 86
Sir Tho Egerton Chancellor, after Z.Ellefmere, to the .o/Effex. 87
Lord Chancellor Ellefmere to King James. ibid,
Again to the fame King. 88
$tr Francis Norris to King James. 89
A Patent for ths Admiralty of Ireland. 90
ACommiJfio* to divers Lords, &t. for the delivery of FluftiingjBrillj&c.
May 14. Jac.i4. 92
ACojnmiJfion to Fifc-Lifte Governourjo deliver them #p,May 22.J.I4- 93*
Countefs of Nottingham to the Danijk Amhaffador. 94
Sir Cbarii Cornwallis Linger in Spain, to the Spanijh King , July 25.
itfoS. ibid.
Again to the Spanifh King, Jan. 1 6. 1 608. 98
Again to the Spaniflj King^ IOO & 101
K James to the Vniverfity of Cambridge, Mar. 1 4. I <h 6. 1 05*
yf/r.Ruthen to the Earl of Northumberland, I o
Sir Henry \e\vertonsfubmijfion in the Star-chamber , 107
Jerdinand thefttowl, Emperor -, to the Catholique King^ . 109^
Ferdi-
A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
Ferdinand Empe>s to Don Balthazar de Zumga, Ottob.i 5.1621. m no
} X. James to Ferdinand Emp. concerning the Palatinate,^QV. ,12.1621. 113
' .Ffc Imperial Majefy to King James, Jan. 1 4. 1 62 1 . 1 1 6
Marl of Briftol to King James, 1 1 7
Ab ignoto to Conde Gondomar, concerning the death of Philip 3, 125
X.James to the Earl of Briftol A*A*$*fa* iti Spain, 0#o. 3 .162 : . 127
Earl o/Briftol to King James, Oftob.zi. 162 2 . 129
X.Philip the third o/Spain /<? the Conde o/Olivarez, 13 3
Conde Olivarez his anfaer to the King^ ibid.
X. James to the Earl of Brittol , Ottoh.% . 1 62 3 136
fBriftol *# anffver to King lames, Oftob.Q. \(2$. 137
re X lames, Novembi. 1^23. 141
lames to the T>alfgrave, 143
77tf Palfgraves anfrcer to King lames, 1 45
Ab Ignoto from Madrid, 151
A Memorial to the King o/Spain, fy Sir Walter Aftiton Ambaffador in
Spain, Aug. 1 9. 1624. 152
The Petition 8f Francis Philips to King lames, for the releafe of Sir Robert
Philips prifoner in the Tower, 155
Oliver St. John to the Major 0/Marlborough,4M/? the Benevolence. 159
The Jttftiees ofTeace in Com. Devon to the Lords of the Cottncel. 182
The Archbifiop of Canterbury to the Bi/hops, concerning K. James his
Directions for Preachers, with the Directions, Aug. 1 4. 1622. 183
King James his Inftruttions to the Archbifhop of Canterbury, concerning
Orders to be obferveA by Biflops in their Diocefts, 1 622. 1 87
Bifbop of Winchefter to his Archdeacon to the fame effett, 1 8p
The Bifoop of Lincoln Lord Keeper, to the Bijkop of London concerning
P reaching and fatechifing 1 90
Inftrttflions for the Minifters and Churchwardens o/London, 1 95-
Jl/o/.Bevayr Chancellor o/France, discharged to. the French King, ibid,
Monf. Richere/orcf^ recants his opinions again ft the Papal fupremacie
over Kings , i p6
CV.Richlieu to theRoman fatholicks of Great Britain. Aug.25.i624- 197
^/o/Balfac to the Cardinal de la Valette, ibid;
Monf. Baliac to the King Louis, 200
Monf. Toyrax-ffl the Dxke of Buckingham, 201
.^b ignoto, concerning the eftate o/Rochel after the furrendefy 2O2.
<The P rote ft ants of France to Charges King of Great-Britain, 204.
*The Duke o/Rohan to hisAfajefy /-/Great-Britain, M'ar.i2. 1 638. 208
Pope Greg, i $.to the Inquijitor-general o/Spain, April 1 9. 1 6 1 3 . 210-
13. Aug.j.i/)2;. 211-
a a. Tht:
A Table of the Titles of the Letters.
The Duke 0/Buckingham, Chance/tor Elett t to the Vniverfitj of Cam-
bridge, June 5 . 1 626. 2 1 3 L i
King Charles to the Vniverfitj c/Cambridge, in approbatictt of their el*~
ttioa, lune 6. 1626. 214
The Vniverfitj o/Cambridge its anfiver to the Duke^ lune 6. 1 62 6. 215 I
The Vniverfitj of Cambridge its anfaer to the King, 2 1
A Trivj '-Seal for transporting ofHorfe, lune 6. 1624. 217.
The Vniverfitj of Cambridge to the Dukf, 2 1 8
The Dukes anftver t 219
The Vice-chancellor of Cambridge to the King upon the Dukes death, ib.
King Charles to the Vniverfitj o/Cambridge/or a new eleftion, 220
The Earl 0/Holland to the Vniverfitj, 22 1
The Vnimerfity of Cambridge to the King, 2 22
An Order made at Whitehall betwixt the Vniverfitj and Town of C&m-
br\dge,Decemh4.i629. 223
The Vniverfitj of Cambridge to the Archbifiof 0/York, 224
The Vniverfitj of Cambridge to the Earl 0/Manchefter, 225
The Vniverfitj of Cambridge to Sir Humphrey May, 226
Jnftruttions bj X". Charles to the Vicechancellor and Heads of Cambridge
for Government^ &c. Mar.4.i62p. Uty
The Vnherfitj of Cambridge to the Lord chief luftice Richardfon, 228
The Biftop of Exeter to the Lower-Houfe of Parliament, 229
King Charles to the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, 230
A C ounce I'T able Order againft hearing Afafs at Ambaftaders houfes^
March 10. 1629. 332
The King o/Spain to Pope Urban, Sept. 1 1. 1 62p. 234
The Councel of Ireland to &f*g Chads, in defence of the Lord Depnty
Faulkland, ^^.28.1629. 235
Ab ignoto,0/r/7f affairs o/*Spain, France, <r^ Italy, fune 5. 1529. 23 9
The Lords of the Councel of England, to the Lords of the Councel of Ire-
land, fan. 1 } i. 1629. 240
The Lord Faulklands Petition to the King, 242
The Duke o/Modena to the Duke of Savoy, July 3 O. i fop. 243
Sir Kenelm Digby to Sir Edward Stradling, " 244
ytfr.Gargravc to the Lord Davers, 253
A Declaration o/Ferdinand Infanta of Spain, J ulj 5.1636. 257
FINIS.
King #3VCRT the 8. to theClergie
of the Province of T0r^> An. 1535.
Touching his Title of Supreme Head
of the Church of England.
Ight Reverend Father in God, Right trufty and
welbeloved, We greet you well, and have re-
ceived your Letters dated at Jor^the 6. tfM*j %
containing a long difcoiirfe of your mind and
opinion concerning fiich words as hath patted
theJClergie of the Province of Canterbury in the
Proeme of their Grant made unto us, the like
whereof (hould now pafs in that Province. Al-
beit ye interlace fuch words of fubmiflion of
your Judgment, and difcharge of your duty towards us with humble fa-
(hion and behaviour, as we cannot conceive difpleafure nor be mifcon-
tent with you,conlidering what you have faid to us in times paft in other
matters, and what ye confefs in your Letters your felf to have heard and
known, noting alfo the effect of the fame ; We cannot but marvail at
fundry points and Articles, which we (hall open unto you, as hereafter
followeth.
Firft, ye have heard (as ye fay ye have) the faid words to have pafled
in the Convocation of Canterbury, where were prefent fo many learned
in Divinity and Law, as the Bifhops of Rochefter, London^ S. Affaph^
Abbots of Hjde, S. Rennet ?, and many other ; and in the Law the Arch-
bifhop of Canterbury^ and the Biihop of Bath ; and in the Lower Houfe
of the Clergie fo many notable and great Clerks, whofe perfons and
learning you know well enongli. W*hy do ye not in this cafe with your
"B ' felf
2 tf.Hen.8. to the Clergie of the Province 0/York.
felf as you willed us in our great matter, conform your confcience to the
confcience and opinion of a great number ? Such was your advice to Us
in the fame ( our great matter ) which now we perceive ye, take for no
fure,counfel; for ye 'earch the grounds, not regarding their fayings.
Neverthelefs forafmuch as ye examine their grounds, caufes and reafons,
in doing whereof ye feem rather to feek and examine that thing which
- might difprove their doings , then that which might maintain the fame,
We {hall anfwer you briefly without long difcourfe to the chief points
of your faid Letters : wherein taking for a ground, that words were or-
dained to fignifie things, and cannot therefore by finifter interpretation
alter the truth of them, but only in the wits of perverfe perfons that
would blind or colour the fame, by reafon whereof to good men they
fignifie that they mean only doing their office, and to men of worfe fort
they ferve for maintenance of fuch meaning as they would imagine : fo
in ufmg words we ought only to regard and confider the expreilion of
the truth in convenient fpeech and fentences, without overmuch fcruple
of fuper- perverfe interpretations, as the malice of men may excogitate :
wherein both overmuch negligence is not to be commended, and too
much diligence is not onlv by daily experience in mens writings and laws
(hewed fruitrate and void; infomuch as nothing can be fo cleerly and
plainly written, fpoken and ordered, but that fubtile wit hath been able
to fubvert the fame ; but alfo the Spirit of God, which in his Scripture
taught us the contrary ,as in the places which ye bring in & reherfe:
iftheHolyGhoft had had regard to that which might have been per-
verfly conftrued of thefe words, Pater major me eft ; and the other, Ego
& Pater untimfttmtts : there fhould have been added to the firft huma-
nitas, to the kcQn&fubftantia. And wherefore doth the Scripture call
Chrift primogeriitum ? whereupon ,and the Adverb donee juts maintained
the error contra, perpetttam virginitatem Maria. Why have we in the
Church S.Pauls Epiftle,which S.Peter writeth to have been the occafion
of errors ? Why did Chrift fpeak of many words, which the Jews drew
ad calttmniam, and yet reformed them not ? as when he faid, Solvam
Templum hoc y &c. meaning of his body, where Temp/urn with them had
another fignification ; And fuch other like? There is none other caufe
but this, Omnia qua fcripta [tint, ad ncftram dottrinam fcriptafttnt. And
by that Learning we-ought to apply and draw words to the truth , and .
fc> to underftand them as they may fignifie truth, and not fo to wreft
them as they fhould maintain a lye. For otherwife as Heretiques have
done with the holy Scripture, fo .(hall all men do with familiar fpeech ^
and if all things fhall be brought into familiar difputation, he that (hall
callus Stipremttm c?- ttmcum D<w*##7,by that meaas,ajid as goeth your
argu-
IT.Hcn.8. to the Clergie of the Province of York. 3
argument, might be reproved : For Chrift is indeed unictu Domintt* &
Supremttt, as we'confefs him in the Church daily ; and now it is in opi-
nion that Sanfti be not Mediators : The contrary whereof ye affirm in
your Letters, becaufc of the Text of & /><<#/, Vntu ef Mediator Detu*
& hominttm. And after that manner of reafon which ye ufe in the entry,
if any man (hould fay, This Land is mine own, and none bath right in it
but I ; he might be reproved by the Pfalm, Domini eft- terra : For why
(hould a man call terram aiiquam onely his, whereof God is the chief
Lord and Owner ? Why is it admitted in familiar fpeech to call a man
dead, of whom the foul which is the chief and beft part yet liveth ? How
is it that we fay this man or that man to be founder of this Church, fee-
ing that in one refped God is only founder ? We fay likewifc that he is
a good man to the Church, a fpecial benefactor of the Church: and
that the Church is fallen down, when the ftoncs be fallen down, the peo-
ple preferved and living. And in all this manner of fpeech when we hear
them, it is not accuftomed ne ufed to do as ye do , that is- to fay, to
draw the word Church to that fentence wherein the fpeech may be a lye,
but to take it in that wherein it fignifieth truth. Which accuftomed man-
ner if ye had followed, you (hould not have needed to have laboured fo
much in the declaration of the word Ecclefiajn that fignification where-
in it is moft rarely taken, and cannot without maintenance of too mani-
feft a lye be applied to any man- For taking Ecclefia in that fenfe ye take
it, S.Paul wrote amifs writing to the Corinthians, faying , Ecclefia Dei
qua eft: Ccrinthi : for by your definition,o# circumfcribitur loco Ecclefia.
In the Gofpel where Chrift faid DicEtclefitJmaSk needs have another in-
terpretation and definition then ye make de Ecclefia in your faid Letters,
or elfc it were hard to make complaint to all Chriftendom, as the cafe in
the Gofpel requireth.iSW eft candidi peftorx verba veritafi accommcdare,
ttt ipfam referre quod eor urn officiant eft non corrumfere z/wtawtar.Further-
more the Lawiers that write how Ecclefia faliit & fa/lit ur, what blafphc-
my do they affirm, if that definition {hould be given to Ecclefia which
you write in your Letters, wherein albeit ye write the truth for fo far,yet
for as much as ye draw that to the words fpoken of us to the reprobation
of them, yet ye (hew your felves contrary to the teaching of Scripture,
rather inclined by applying a divers definition to make that a lye which
i? truly fpoken,thene"#;>o/7/ addita, & Candida inter fretatione to ve-
rifie the fame. It were nimis abfurdttm^ Us to be called Capttt Ecclcft*
reprefentans corpus Chrift i myfticttm^& Ecc/ejtee qu& fine ruga, eft & ma-
cula quam Chrift us fibiSponfam t legit, illius part em vel oblatamaccipere
vet arrogare. And therefore albeit Ecclefia is fpoken of in thefe words,
touched in the Prccme, yet there is added, Et Cleri Anglicani : which
B 2 words
4 JT.Hen.8. to the Clergie oftke Province of York,
words con joined reftraineth by way of interpretation the word Eceh-
fiam, and is as much to fay as the Church , that is to fay the, Clergy of
England. Which manner of fpeaking in the Law ye have profeflcd ye
many times ftnde, and likewife in many other places.
But proceeding in your faid Letter , ye have (hewed Chrift to be
Capttt EccleCne , ye go about to (hew how he divided his power in
earth after the diftinftion temporal ittnt & fpinttialium , whereof the
one ye lay he committed to Princes, the other Sacerdotibw, for Prin*
ces , ye alleadg Texts which iheweth and proveth obedience due to
Princes of all men without diftindion, behePrieft, Clerk, Bi(hop, or
Lay-man, who make together the Church : and albeit your own words
make mention of temporal things , wherein ye fay they (hould be o-
beyed ; yet the Texts of Scripture which ye alleadg having the gene-
ra! words obedite &fubditi eflote contain no fuch words, whereby fpiritu-
al things fhould be excluded; but whatfoever appertained to the tran-
quility of mans life is of neceflity included, as the words plainly import,
as ye alfo confefs ; wherefore Gladium portat Prince ps not only agawft
them that break his Commandment and Laws , but againft him alfo that
in any wife breaketh Gods Law ; For we may not more regard our
Law then God, ne punifti the breach of our Laws, and leave the trar.l-
grefibr of Gods Laws unreformed : fo as all fpirituat things by reafon
whereof may arife bodily trouble and inquietation , be neceffarily in-
cluded in Princes Power , and fo proveth the Text of Scripture by you
alleadged : and alfo the Dodors by you brought in , confirm the fame.
After that ye intend to prove, which no man will deny, the miniftrati-
on of fpiritual things to have been by Chrift committed to Priefts to
Preach and minifter the Sacraments , them to be as Phificians to mens
fouls ; butm thefe Scriptures neither by fpiritual things fo far extended,
asunder colour of that vocabule be now adaies , ne it proveth not that
their office being never fo excellent , yet their perfons , ads and deeds,
(hould not be under the power of their Prince by God afligned, whom
they fhould knowledgas their Head; the excellency of the matter of
the Office doth not alwaies in all points extoll the dignity of the Mini-
fter. Chrift who did moft perfedly ufe the Office of a Prieft, & nihil
aliud qita.m vere cttravit animas , gainfaid not the authority of TiUte
upon that ground ; and St. Paul executing the Office of a Prieft, faid, ad
tribunal C^farufto.ttbi mejudicari oportet : And commanded likewife in-
'diftindly all others to obey Princes, and yet unto thofe Prieits being as
.members executing that Office, Princes do honour, for fo is Gods plea-
fure and commandment j wherefore howfover ye take the words
in the proiieme , we indeed do (hew and declare that Priefts and Bifhops
preaching
JT.Hcn.8. t$ the Clcrgic of the Province of York. 5
preaching the word of God, miniftring the Sacraments according to
Chrifts Law , and refreshing our people with ghoftly and fpiricual food,
we not only fuccour and defend them for cranquility of their life, but
alfo with our prefence, and otherwife doe honour them as the cafe re-
quireth, for fo is Gods pleafure : Like as the husband, although he be
head of the wife, yet faith S-Taul, Non habet vir potcjlatem fui cor-
p'ru^fcdmuUer, andfois in that refpeft tinder her : And having oar
Mother in our Realm, by the commandment of God we (hall honour
her, and yet (he for refpect of our dignity (hall honour us1>y Gods com-
mandment likewife : And the Minilter is not always the better man, fed
cai miniftratur the Phyfitian is not better then the Prince, becauie he
can do that the Prince cannot , viz. cttrare morbitm. In confecration
of Archbi(hops, do not Bilhops give more dignity by their miniitration
then they have themfelves ? TheDodors ye bring in, taking for their
Theme to extoll Paiefthood, prefer it to the dignity of a Prince; after
which manner of reafoning it may be called dignity impcrare afieftibut
qttam popttlis, and fo every good man in consideration of every dignity
to excell a King not living fo perfeftly as he doth. And why is a Biftiop
better then a Prielt, feeing and confidering in the matter of their office
Epifcopitt etiantfe adminiftret p/ttra, non tamen admi/iiftrat majora. Em-
perors and Princes obey Bilhops and Priefts as doers of the meflage of
Chrift,and fiis Ambafladors for that purpofe : which donc,fl^tim fixnt
privati, and in order and quietnefs of living knowledge Princes as head.
For what meant Juftinian the Emperor to make Laws de Epifcopis &
ClerictSy and fuch other fpiritual matters,if he lie had not been perfwaded
Jlli effe curam Ecclefia a Deo mandatam ? This is true, that Princes be
filii Eccle{l<e, that is to fay, illitu EcclcftA which ye define : wherewith
it may agree that they be neverthelefs Suprema Capita of the Congre-
gations fChriftian men in their Countries; like as in- (mailer number of
Chnitian men, Non eft ahfurdiim vocare Superiores capita, as they be
called indeed, and may be called Primi & Supremi^ in refped of thofe
Countries. And why elfe doth the Pope fuffer any other befides himfelf
to be called Archbifliop, feeing that he himfelf indeed challenged! to be
Princeps Apoftolorum er Epifcoforum in Peters ftead which the name of
an Archbi(hop utterly denieth. But by addition of the Country they
fave the fenfe : whereunto in us to be called Ecclefit AngiicAn*. ye at
the laft agree, fo that there were added in temporal Am which addition
were fuperfluous , confidering that men being here themfelves earthly
and temporal, cannot be head and Governor to things eternal, nor yet
fpiritual, taking that word (piritval not as the common fpeech abufeth
it, but as it iignifieth indeed :. For, qutfrirhtt agtwtKr, nulU legs aftri*-
JST.Hen.S. to the Clergie of the Pr evince of York.
guntur, as the Scripture faith, QUA Spirittt Del aguntttr libera futtt .
And if ye take Syiritttalibus for Spiritual men, that is to fay, Prieft'/
Clerks," their good ads and deeds worldly, in all this both we and all
other Princes be at this day chief and heads, after whofe ordinance either
in generall or in particular they be ordered and governed. For,lcaving
oldftories, and confidering the itate of the world in our time, is there
any Convocation where Laws be made for the order of our Clergy, but
fuch as by our authority is affembled ? And why (hould not we fay as
Jujlinian faid , Omnia nofra facimut qttibw a nobis i ntpart itur atttthori-
tat? Is any Bifhop made but he fubmitteth himfelf to us , and acknow-
ledgeth himfelf as Bilhop to be our fubjed ? Do not we give our Li-
cence and affent to the election of Abbots ? And this is concerning the
Perfons and Laws fpirituall. As touching their goods, it is in all mens
opinions learned in our Laws, Extra controverfiamfhzt debate and con-
troverfie of them appertained to ourdccifion and Order. And as for
the living of the Clergy ,fomc notable offences we referve to our corre-
dion t fome we remit by our fufferance to the Judges of the Clergy; as
murther,felony and treafon,and fuch like enormities we referve to our
examination $ other crimes we leave to be ordered by the Clergy not
becaufe we may not intermeddle with them, for there is no doubt but
as well might we punifh adultery and infolence in Prielh, as Emperours
have done, and other Princes atethis day do 5 which ye know well
enough; fo as in all thofe Articles concerning the perfons of Priefts, their
Laws, their Ads and order of living, forafmuch as they be indeed all
temporall, and concerning this prefent life only , in thole we ( as we be
called ) be indeed in this Realm Cafut j and becaufe there is no man a-
bove us herc,be indeed/tfpvwww Caput. As to fpiritual things, meaning
by them the iacramentSjbeing by God ordained as inftruments of efficacy
& ftrength, whereby grace is of his infinite goodnefs conferred upon his
people; forafimxh as they be no worldly nor temporal things, they have
no worldly nor temporall head but only Chrift that did inftitute them,
by whofe ordinance they be miniu 1 red here by mortal men,eled, chofen
and ordered as.God hath willed for that purpofe, who be the Clergy;
who for the time they do that, and in that refped tanqttam miniftri ver-
favtur in his qttj> bominum poteftati nonfttbjiciunttirjn quibits ftmale ver*
Jamttr fine fcandalo T>eum ultorem habent fi cumfcandalo hominttm cogni-
ttQ & vinditta eft. Wherein, as is before faid, either the Prince is chiefe
doer, r his authority proceeded to the execution of the fame; as when by
fufferance or priviledge the Prelats intromit themfclves therein*; where-
fore in that which is derived from the Prince at the begining, why (hould
any obitade or fcruple be to call him Head from whom that is derived ?
Such
JT.Hcn.8. i$ the Clergie of the Province of 'York. 7
Such things as although they be amongft men, yet they be indeed Divi-
'narfuoniamfupra nosfunt nihil ad nos, And being called Head of all
we be not in deed nor in name to him that would lincerely understand it
headoffuch things being not fpirituall as they be not temporal), and yet
to thofe words fpoken of us adevitanfam illam cxlumniam, there is added
quantum per legem Chrifti licet ; for interpretation of which Parenthefis
your iimilitude added of homo immortals eft quantum per nature legem
licet JS nothing like ; for nature lex is not immortality, as is lex Chrifti
to fuperiority : for lex nature ne fpeaketh,ne can mean of any immor-
tality at all,confidering that the law of Nature ordainech mortality in all
things ; but Chrifts law fpeaketh of fuperiority, admitteth fuperiority,
(heweth alfo and declareth obediendum effe Principibtts, as yee do alledge.
Wherefore if the law of God permitteth fuperiority , and commandeth
obedience : to examine and meafure modum obedientix & fuperioritttit^
there can to no other thing fb good a relation be made. For as yee un-
derftand the Scripture , though it fay nay to part, it faith not nay to
the whole,whereas nature denieth utterly all immortality; and fo though
in fpeaking of immortality of man it were fuperfluous to fay quantum per
nature legem licet yet is not fo fpeaking defuperioritate & modo Prin-
cipatusjeterring the certain limits to the law of Chrift, ad cujns normam
quicquid quadrat planum & reft time ft iqtticquidnon quadrat prat-itm &
iniquum. And as touching the doubt and difficulty you make to give a
fingle anfwer yea or no , for that the queftion propounded containeth
two things, whereof the one is true th'other falfe, as yee fay, meaning as
yee write, that in temporalibus we be Caput y and \nfpiritualibtt4 we be
not. It feemeth that neither your example agreeth in fimilitude with
that yee bring it in for, nor is therein learning or common fpeech ufed
the fcrupulofity in anfwers yee write of. Trutli it is,that the queftion in
plain words containeth two parts exprefsly, whereof the one is true,
th'other falfe ; our yea or nay cannot be anfwered . for there fhould
appear a manifeft lye, which Gods law detefteth, and naturally is at>
horred:asif it fhould be asked 11?, if We were King of England and
of Denmark our nay or yea ftiould not fuffice : But it is farre other-
wife both in matters of Learning and common fpeech , where the
words in the queftion may by divers interpretations or relations contain
two things, and yet in expreflion contain but one : As if a man fhould
ask Us, tAn filiM & pater unum funt ? We would not doubt to an-
fwer and fay, Yea, as the Scripture faith , far it is- truly anfwered, and
to make a lye is but Sophistication, drawing the word unu m to perfon,
wherein it is a lye. Jf one were asked the queftion, Whether the man and
wife were one, he might boldly and truly fay, Yea, and yet it is difin-
ttione
8 tf.Hen.8, te theClergie if the Province of Vorlc.
tfionc corporttm tutturaliitm a lie, and to the queftion, Vtrum Ecclefain
conftct ex boni* & w*/#;Yea,andyet as yee dcrinc Ecclefiam ic it is a lie.
The reafon of diverfityis this,for tlu t it is not fuppofed men would abuic
words, but apply them to fignifie truth, and not to iignifie a iie,wherc-
in the.Arrians offending, took occafion of herefies.
Fr that which is in Scripture written is a moft certain truth ; and as
it is there written, fo and no otherwife would Chrift have anfwered, if
the queftion had been asked An Pater effet major illo ? he would have
faid yea,as it is written. And if the Arrians would have taken for a truth
that of him that is truth, and fpcaketh truth, and from whom proceeded!
but truth, they would have brought a diftindion with them to fet forth
truly, and not difprove that it was truly written, by fophiftication of the
word. When S.f awes wrote, Fides fine operibtts mortnaeft, he wrote
truth ; and fo did S.Paul, Qjtod fides juftificat abfqtte operibus legis :
which it could not do, if it were mortxa. Either of thefe made a fingle
afleveration of a fentence, by interpretation containing two truftmg
that the Reader would pio animo fo underftand them, as their fayings
might,as they do indeed, agree with truth. It is never to be thought men
will willingly & without (hame lye ; And therefore the fenfe,if any may
be gathered true, or like to be cr ue, is to be taken, and not that which is
a lye. And when we write to the Pope SanQiJfiim), we mean not holier
then S.Pefer, though it found fo ; and he that in our Letters (hould ob-
ject that, (hould be thought ridiculous. He that fhould fay he rode be-
yond the fea, were not conveniently interrupted in his tale by him that
would objed failing upon the fea, where he could not ride at all. And
rather then men would note a lye when they know what is meant , they
will fooner by allegory or methaphor draw the word to the truth, then
by cavillation of the word note a lye. Hath not the Pope been called
Caput Ecclefi* ? and who hath put any addition unto it ? Have not
men faid that the Pope may difpence cum fttre Mvixo, and yet in a part
fttris divini, viz. moralu & naturdie, the lame men would fay he might
not difpence : wherefore if in all other matters it was never thought in-
convenient to fpeak abfolutely the truth without diftindion, why {hould
there be more fcruple in our cafe ? The truth cannot be changed
by words : that we be , as Gods law fufFereth us to be , whereunto
we do and muft conform our felves. And if ye underitand, as ye ought
to undcrttand Temporalibm for the paflin'g over this life in quietnefs, ye
at laft defcend to agree to that which in the former part of your Letters
you intend to impugne ; and flicking to that, it were moft improperly
fpoken to fay, We be ilKus Ecckfi* Caput in tewporalibus, which hath
fK)t ttntforalia,
Queen
Qtteen Anne of Bullcn ttK. Hen. 8.
gut en Anne */Bullen to King Henry /r^/w ffo
UWay 6. 1536.
SIR
VOur Graces difpleafure and my imprifonment are things fo ftrange
A unco me, as what t write or what to excufe I am altogether igno-
rant. Whereas you fend unto me ( willing me to confers a truth, and fo
to obtain your favour) by fuch a one whom you know to be my ancient
profefled enemy, I no fooncr received this mcflage, then I rightly con-
ceived your menning : And if, as you fay, confefling a tnitb indeed may
procure my fafety, I (hall with all willmgnefs and duty perform your
command ; but let not your Grace ever imagine that your poor wife
will ever be brought to acknowledg a fault , where not fo much as a
thought ever proceeded : And to fpeak a truth, never Prince had wife
more loyal in all duty and in all true affection, then you have ever found
in A nxe Bullen : with which name and place I could willingly have con-
tented my felf, if God and your Graces pleafure had fo been pleafed.
Neither did I at any time forget my felf in my exaltation, or received
Queenfhip, but that I always look'd for fuch an alteration as now I find,
the ground of my preferment being on no furer foundation then your
Graces fancie, the leaft alteration whereof I knew was fit and fufficienc
to draw that fancie to fome other fubjed.
You have chofen me from a low eftate to be your Queen and Com-
panion, far beyond my defert or defire. If then you find me worthy of
fuch honour, Good your Grace let not any light fancie or bad councel
of my Enemies withdraw your Princely favour from me; neither let that
ftain, that unworthy ftain of a difloyal heart towards your good Grace
ever caft fo foul a blot on your molt dutiful wife, and the Infant-Princefs
your daughter. Try me, good King,but let me have a lawful tria!,and lee
not my fworn enemies fit as my accufers and Judges : yea let me receive
an open Trial, for my truths (nail fear no open fhames : then (hall you
fee either my innocencie cleered, your fufpition and confcience fatisned,
the ignominy and flander f the world flopped, or my guilt openly de-
clared. So that whatfoever God or you may determine of me, your
Grace may be freed from an open cenfure ; and my offence being fo
lawfully proved, your Grace is at liberty both before God and man,
not only to execute worthy punilhment on me as an unfaichfull wife^
C but
io Q^Eliz. to the Lady Norm.
but to follow your affection already fetled on that party for whofe fake
I am now as I am, whofe name I could fome while fince have poinred
to, your Grace being not ignorant of my fufpition therein. But if you
have already determined of me. and that not only my death, but an in-
famous Dander mutt bring you the enjoying of a defired happinels, then
I defire of God that he will pardon your great fin herein, and likewife
my enemies the inftruments thereof, and that he will not call you to
a ftrift accompt for your unprincely and cruel ufage of me at hi4general
Judgment-feat, where both you and my felf rnuft both fhortly appear,
and in whofe juft judgment 1 doubt not , whatfoever the wortd may
think of me , my innocencii (hall be openly known and fufficiently
clecred.
My laft and onely requeft (hall be , That my felf may bear the kur-
then of your Graces difpleafure , and that it may not touch the inno-
cent fouls of thofe poor Gentlemen who as I underfland are in ftrait
huprifonment for my fake. If ever I have found favour in your fight,
if ever the name of Anne Bttllen have been pleafing in your ears, let me
obtain this laft requeft, and I will fo leave to trouble your Grace any
further, with my earneft prayers to the Trinity to have your Grace in
his good keeping, and to dired you in all your actions.
From mj dole full frifon in the Tower ^
thitfixthofAfaj.
Tourmofl loyal *nd faithful wife,
ANNE BULLEN,
Qgeen Elizabeths Letter to the Latty N orris ujtn
the dtath of her Sw.
ALthough we have deferred long to reprefent unto you our grieved
thoughts, becaufe we kked full well to yield you the firft reflecti-
ons of our misfortunes, whom we have always fought to cheriftiand
comfort j yet knowing now that neceflity muft bring it to your ears,and
nature consequently mu ft move many paftionat^ affections in your heart,
we have refolved no longer to fmother either our care for your forrow,
or the fympathy of our grief for his death ; wherein if fociety in forrow-
mg wofk diminution , we do aflurc you by this true meflengcr of our
mindy
Duke of Norkfolk to Queen Eliz. i $
mind, that Nature can have ftirred no more dolorous affedions in you
awl mother, for a dear (on, then the gratefulnefs and memory of his
ferviccspaft hath wrought in Us his Soveraign, apprehenfion of the mifs
of fo worthy a fervant. But now that natures common work is done,and
he that was born to die hath paid his tribute ; let that Chriftian difcreti-
onftay die flux of your immoderate grieving, which hath inftruded you
both by example and knowledge, that nothing of this kind hath happe-
ned but by Gods providence ; and that thefe lines from your loving and
gracious Soveraign, fcrve to aflure you, that there ftial ever appear the
lively characters of you and yours that are left, in our valuing righcly all
their faithfull and honeft endeavours. More we will not write of this
fubjed, but have difpatchtd this Gentleman to vifit both your Lord, and
condole with you in the true fenfe of your love, and to pray you,that the
world may fee, that what time cureth in weak minds, that difcretion and
moderation may help in you in this accident, where thetfc is fo oppor-
tune occafion to demonftrate true patience and true moderation.
Thomas Duke of Norfolk to Queen Elizabeth.
OMoft dear and dread Soveraign and Lady Qjieen, and moft graci-
ous Miftrefs, when I confider with my felf how far I have tranf-
grefied my duty to your moft gracious Majefty,! dare not now prefumc
to look up or hope for your gracious favour, I confefs my felf fo far un-
worthy thereof ; but again, when Hook into your Highnefs manifold
mercifull and moft pitifull nature, of which fo many have fo abundantly
tafted of fince your Majefties moft profperous reign, I am emboldened
with penitent and forrowfull heart, to make my trembling hand to offer
unto your Highnefs my moft ruful & lowly fubmiffion^iaving none other
means to eafe my oppreffed mind , I am for my iins and difobedience to
ask pardon, that is, of Almighty God^nd of your moft excellent Maje-
fty : the firft I have done to Almighty God, and fo I by the grace of him
will continue with a new heart and full mind of amendment , not doubt-
ing but asking mercy, to receive it, according to the Scripture, he that
knocketh at the door (hall have it opened unto him. Now do I pro-
ftrate my felf at your Highnefs moft gracious feet, my poor children, and
all that I have, hoping more in your Majefties moft gracious clemency,
then in any of mine unadvifecl deferts ; I feek to excufe my felf no way,
but wholly fubmit my felf to what (hall pleafe your moft mercifull heart
like a moft gracious Qgeen to a man that hath been aftray, who finding
C 2 mercy
1 2 Sofyman t&e grett furks defwct to Maximilian^*.
mercy hath afterwards with bad fervice oftentimes redoubled his formec
folly. O moft noble Queen, it is in your moft gracious power to make
of my wretched mould what it pleafeth you, my faith and religion re-
ierved to my Saviour, my body being already to your Highnefs fubjeft,
and imprifoned for my moft juft defert, I dedicate my mind and heart to
be hereafter as it (hall pleafe your Majefty to direct it ; I do not feek fa-
vour at your Ma jefties hands in refpeft of my former goocyfervice, I
confefs undutifulnefs hath now blotted the fame out, neither dare I re-
mmeber which heretofore was my greateft comfort, becaufe I deferve not
that honor which was that it hath pleafed your Highnefs to account me
indeed your unworthy kinfman. Wo wretch that day when I entred into
that matter which hath made fuch alteration of your Majefties moft gra-
cious favour unto me , and hath heaped upon my felf thefe ^intolerable
troubles. Ounworthy that I ara,that in all the days of my life counting
upon nothing* but a quiet life, I take God to witnefs, whatsoever fome
have judged the contrary of me, I was fo unhappy to give ear to that
which hath done,and ever was like to bring me to the contrary.
A Defiance fent 6y thcGrwl Seignhur t$
Maximilian tbtfecond.
BY the fufferance of the great God, We Soljman t God in earth,
great and high Emperour of all the world, Patron and Diftributcr
of all Chriftians, We fend and declare unto thee Maximilian, all wrath
and ill fortune and infidelity, and to all thy Princes, fubjeds and hel-
pers , We give it known unto thee , That We by the fufferance of the
great God , named the Perpetuall and Univerfall God in earth, moft
mighty Emperour, Soldan in Ethylon , Lord of Armenia , the moft
mightieft in Perfipofa and Numi&a , the great helper of God, Prince
from the Rodfe of Barbarj unto the mountains ofAchaia , King of
Kings from the Meridian to the Septentrian of the earth, from the rifmg
place of the Sun to the fetting of it , the firft and chiefeft, placed in the
toadifeof Mahomet, the deftroyer of all Chriftendom , and of -all
Chriftians,. and that do profefs Chriftianity, the keeper and defender of
the Sepulcher of thy God crucified, the onely victorious and trium-
phant Lord of all the world, and of all Circuits and Provinces thereof:
Thou Maximilian , which writeft thy felfe King of our Kingdom of
Hungary -, 'which is under our Crown and obeyfance, We will vifit thee
for that caufe , and alfo perfwade thee that \vh our ftrength and force
Tbe Queers Cmmtfsion to tk* Deputy if Ireland". rj
$f thirteen Kingdoms with might and ftrength, to the number of one
hundred thoufand as well Horfemen as Footmen prepared for war, with
all the power and ftrength of Turkifli munition,and with fuch power as
thou nor none of thy fervants have (een,heard,or had knowledge of,even
before thy chief Citie ?*>**, and the Countrey thereabouts : We
$olym*M,God on earth,againft thee with all thy aftifters and helpcrs,with
our Warlike ftrength, do pronounce & proteit your uttermoft deftrudr
on and depopulation^ we can by all means poifible devife it. And this
we we will fignifie unto thee, to the which thou and thy miferable peo-
ple may prepare your felves. With us it is determined , with our men
ap-pointe,d , thee and all thy German Kingdoms and Provinces altoge-
ther to fpoyl : This mifery we have confented unto againft thee and thy
Princes, and have thou no doubt but we will come. Dated in the City
QfCovftaittinoplfput of the which we did expulfc your predeceflbrs,their
wiyes, children and friends, and made them moft miferable flaves and
captives^ th year of our reign fourty feven.
Sir John Pcrrots Commifsio for Lord Deputy of
Ireland.
ELizabetba Dei gratia &c. omnibus ad qms frefentes literayervc-
nerint^falut. S ciat is quod nos cert i* urgent ibus ca*fis & conjidera-
tionibu* msfpecialiter ntovmdis^de provide circumfpeftione & indttftri*
frtedileRi'& fidefanobis Johannis Perrot milit.plenius confidentes de?advi-
famento Concilii noftri aJfignavimm,fecimtM t ordin4viinussonflitttijnw&
deputavimus, &per prxfentes aflignavimus, crc. eundem Johannem Per-
rot nti/it. DeftttAt. noftrum Generalem Regni noftri Hiberniae, babend. te-
end. gaudend. exercend. & occupand. rlfticittm fr*dift. eidcm Johanni
Perrot milit. durante beneplacito noflro dantes & concedentes eidem Depu-
tAt.noftro Generaliplenam tenoreprtfcntiumprteftatem ad pacem noftram
ac ad leges & confttetudines rcgni noftri pradifl . cuftoMend. & ct
faciend. & ad omnes & fingttlas leges noflrM, &c.
Ilit whole Contents of the Commifsion for the
Lerd Deputy.
TO conferve the peace, to punilh offenders,to make Orders^and Pro-
clamations, to receive offenders to grace, to give pardons and im-
gofe fines, to levy forces,, to fight and make peace, to difpofe Rebels-
( 4 ?fa Queens Wtrw/tt, &e.
lands, to pardon all treafons faving touching the Queens perfon, and %
counterfeiting of coyn j to give offices, faving the Chancellor, Trcafu-*
rer, two chief Juftices, chief Baron and Matter of the Rolls; to difpofe
of Ecclefiafticall livings, except Archbiftiops and Biftiops ; to receive
homage and the oath, to make provifion for his houfhold according to
the ancient cuftome ; to aflemble the Parliament with her Ma jetties pri-
vity, to receive the account of Officers, faving the Trsafurers, to exer-
cife martial! law.
The Queens Warrant to the Lords, &<;. of Ireland f*r
mini firing the Oath j.nd delivery of the Sword
tohirrt t $i Ian. 1583.
Right Reverend Father in God, right trufty & welbeloved, and trufty
and right welbeloved,we greet you wel : Whereas upon the depar-
ture from thence of our right trufty and welbeloved the Lord Grtj of
Wilton, late our Deputy there, we thought it meet for our government
there, to appoint you joyntly to have the place of our Juftices, until fuch
time as we fhould refolve to fend another thither to be our Deputy
there ; We let you wit , that meaning now no longer to burthen you
with luch a charge ; wherein you have, according to the truft impofed in
you, very wifely behaved your felves, greatly to our contentation , we
have chofen and appointed our right trufty and welbeloved Sir Jo. Parrot
Knight,this bearer, to be our Deputy of that our faid Realm^ that for
that purpofe to fend him prefently thither : Wherefore our will and
pleafure is,and by vertue of thefe our Letters we authorize you,upon the
view of our letters Patents made and delivered unto him in that behalf,
both to minifter unto him the oath accuftomed to be given unto the De-
puty there, & alfo to deliver unto him the Sword,as heretofore hath been
ufed; And further, that you communicate unto him amply the prefent
eftate of that our Realm,and of all our affairs there for his better inftru-
ction.at his entrance into that Government, and the advancement of our
fervice. And thefe our Letters (hall be your fufficient warrant and dif-
charge in this behalf Given under our Signet,&c. the laft of January
j 5 8 3 . the 16. year ef our reign.
Another
tor kit Entertainment then. 15
Another for his Entertainment there.
TRufty and welbcloved, we greet you well. Whereas we have now
appointed our right trufty and welbeloved Sir John Perrot Knight
to be our Deputy in that our Realm of Ireland, for which'Office allow-
ance afwell of dyets as of entertainments for certain Horfmen is to be
given him : Thefe be therefore to let you wit, that we allow unto him
tor his ordinary dyet one hundred pounds fterlmg, according to the lad
Eftablifhment in Af arch 15 89. and for his Retinue fifty Horfmen and
fifty Footmen, with fuch wages for every Horfman and Footman ar4
for their Officers, as was allowed to Sir William Fitwi/liams and Sir
Henry Sjdnej Knights, in the late times of their Governments in that
Realm. After which rates *s well for his own dyet y as for the faid fifty
Horfmen and fifty Footmen, and for their Officers, We will and com-
mand you to make payment to him during his imployment and fervice
in that place , from the date of our Letters-Patents authorifing him
to that government ; And thefe our Letters (hall be fufficient War-
rant as well to you as to any Treafurer or Vice-treafurer there for the
time being, and to your and their Subftitutes, as alfo to the Auditor or
his Deputies, and to all other Commiffioners to be appointed over your
Accompts, to pafs and allow the fame payments to you accordingly.-
Given &c. the fourth of April 1583. in the 26. year of our Reign of
England^ &c.. f) fi"
" 0__ Iht gueens Iflftrnftions to hiw.
YOU (hall fee immediately upon your arrival into that Realm afleW
bled our Councel there, and confer with them what courfe of Go^
vernment upon due confideration had of the prefent eftate of the faid
Realm may be held, foas Jufticc may cake place.our Charges be leflened,
our Revenues increafed, and our Subjefts there not opprefled*
You (hall alfo confider what Forces are meet to be continued in pay,,
and how the reft chargeable unto us and burthenfom unto the Country
way be difcharged; and alfo how the Horfmen and Footmen ferving
there-'
1$ The Queens lrijlrftit*s ~tt kirn.
there may be reduced to their old pay, which by reafon of the general
Rebellion in that Realm (the Country being wafted) we were driven to*
increafe : And therefore we fee no reafon but the Band redding in thofe
Countries that are noc wafted may live well enough of the old pay, efpe-
cially being victualled by us ; and for the eafc and diminiihing of our
charges in that behalf, We do think it meet that you fhould treat with
thofe Countries that are not wafted, as well in Munfrer or elfwhere in
that Realm, tp fee if you can draw them with good contentment to con-
tribute fomthing towards the finding of that Garrifon,at Carherrie here-
tofore hath done.
And for that our Subjects in that Realm, &c.
To advife of the inhabiting of Mttnfter, the attainted Lands to be
let out at ealie rents. Survey, certifie what States, Statute of 1)fiu.
5. Port-Corn. 6. Th* attainted Lands to be beftowedin reward upon
Servitors. 7. Younger Brothers of Noblemen , Diminifti Penfioncrs,
9. Review former Inftrudions. i o 1 1 . Renewing of forfeited
Lcafes for three years : Beef, Port-Corrr, Remittal of Arrearages.
12. Reverfion of Lands totheGovernours.ij. Lands of the attainted to
fee appointed to houfe-kceping. 14. Refer vation of Timber- woods.
15. Refidence of Officers. 16. Report to the State outrages ofdifloy-
al Subjects. 17. Profits of Cuftoms, Efcheats, &c. ip> Eftabliftiment
forCctttanrgtot. 20. President for Mxnfter, allowance begin at May,
Tranfportation. 21. Councellors, B. ofjlfeath, John Norrit, Richard
JSi'gbam, Tho.Straxge. 22. Refer the choice of a perfon to the Chan-
cellor and others. 23. Certificate of the lait Treafurcrs Receipts and
Expcnces.
Every one of thefe Articles doth contain half a fide of Paper, and
therefore I have rather thought fit to abbreviate them then to tran-
fcribe them at large, the whok Contents being contained in this Ab-
breviation.
.V"' .> , v
Sir John Perrot to the Lords of the Cowed. Jan.3 1.1585.
Maty it p/ettfe jour good Lcrdfiifs,
ALthough I and this Councel have by our joynt-Letters truly de-
clared unto you the durifull ftate of things here , and the caufes
both foraign and domeftical whereupon we gather it ; and withall have
ftewed our extreme wants, and what fupplics are defircd : Yet under-
ftanding
Sir John Pcrrot to the Lords if the Cwnc'el. 17
ftandtog thence, but not from your Lordfhips, ( for I have had no kind
t>f advcrtifements, anfwer, or refolution from the fame thefe twelve
moneths) that there is. a great preparation made by the Spani(h King
againft the Realm, and that your Lordfhips have intelligence thereof;
I cannot but as one whofe chief charge and care it is , importune your
Lord(hips to call your eye more carefully this way , humbly praying
you to conflder what cafe we are in to try wkh a moil mighty Prince,
whether this Realm (hall be ftill her Majefties or his, if there be any fuch
matters ( as your Lordfhips know belt ) then I befeech your Lordfhips
to think whether it be more fafety to lay that we have fent provifion
to encounter the danger, or elfe you will fend when perhaps it will be
too late. And withall for mine own difcharge, if I (hall tarry, and have
nothing wherewith : I have but a life to yield for her Majerty and my
Country ; for the lofs thereof I grieve not, but rather for the harm that
through defects I fear may come to her Majefty and the State, and the
(hame I (hall leave behind me. This foreign' preparation,if there be any
fuch thing, is likely to be fpent againft Mttnfter^ to feife upon and to
fpoil the Cities and Towns of the fame, which in truth are very weak.
If I (hall go thither, what for the late wars, and this laft bad feafon,
there is not fo much to be had there as will maintain that one Band of
200. that is under Mr.ThcmM Norris the Vice-Prefident there, but that
I am inforced to (hift them from Town to Town,who by reafon of their
extreme penury do receive them with great grief and grudge. And
though I had men fuffieient to encounter the Enemy that (hould come,
yet for want of viduals I (hould be driven to abandon the place with
danger and (hame, where they that are to come over are like to bring
their provifion with them , and to fettle it in fome Town that they will
foon feife upon for that purpofe : whereof what may enfuc amongft this
unconftant people naturally delighting in change, your Lordfhips may
foon gather. Befides this that I have faid of the bare eftate of Munfter y
where there is not fo much to be had as will ferve for mine own family,
qr yet to feed my horfes till grafs grow, I refer you to underftand not
only the fame more fully, but alfo the great wants of the reft of the
Realm by the declaration here irclofcd, which as Bevcrlej the Victualler
maketh it,fo I know it to be true. And therefore I moft humbly befeech
your Lordfhips to ferd fpeedy order , that fuch a Staple of viduals may
be provided and be fent over, as your Lordfhips (hall think requifite to
ferve as well for the numbers here already , as alfo for thofe that arc to
be fent over to encounter fuch an scedent as may fall cut. And herein
I would wi(h your Lord(hips to confider the winds and weather , how
untowardly they have framed this year : for as fome have lain at Ckeftsr
D nine
>g Earte o/Defmond te tbt ZAtlt <?/'Ormond.
nine weeks to come over hither, fo hath there been no paflage fince thU
fix weeks. Moreover if there be fuch purpofes in hand, it were good
fome (hipping were difpatcht for the guard of the Coafts. And to all
thefe and other difficulties, may I with your Lordfhips favour adde one
more to be considered of, How weakly I am feconded , if need fall out
by thofe forein attempts, whereof I would fay little for any other caufe :
The Marflial is old, and not able either to ride or go ; the Mailer of the
Ordnance is both abfent,.and old, and I wi(h there were a more fufficient
man in his place : The Lord President and Sir William Stanley , who are.
men of good condud, are drawn away : Sir H.Harrir.gton, Mr. Edward
Barkleji and the Senefcal Dantry are fuffered to remain ftill there ; but
I humbly pray they may be fped away, together with all other that are
Servitors by any manner of pay there. And fo having herein difcharged
my duty, I humbly end. From the Caftle of Dublin, the laft of p****^
1585.
Tour Lordfbifs moft bumble at commandment,
JOHN PERROT.
Earl of Defmond te the Earl ofOrmond, lunt 5. 1583.
My Lord,
GReat is my grief when I think how heavily her Majefty is bent to
disfavour me ; and howbeit I carry the name of an undutifull Sub-
ject, yet God knoweth that my heart and mind are always moft lowly
inclined to fcrve my moft loving Prince, fo it may pleafe her Highnefs
to remove her heavy difpleafure from me. As I may not condemn my
felf of diftoyalty to her Majefty, fo cannot I excufe my faults, but mult
confefs that I have incurred her Majeflies indignation; yet when the
caufe and means which were found and devifed to make me commit folly
(hall be known to her Highnefs, I reii in an aflured hope that her moft
gracious Majefty will both think of me as my heart deferveth , andalfo
of thofe that wrung me into undutifulnefs, as their cunning device me-
riteth. From my heart I am forry that folly, bad councels, Heights, or
any other thing hath made me to forget my duty : And therefore I. am
moft defirous to get conference with your Lord(hip, to the end I may
open and declare to you how tyrannoufly I was ufed, humbly craving
that you will vouchfafe to appoint fome time and place where and when
J
Sir Henry Wallop to Queen Eliz. if
,1 may attend your Honour, and then I doubt not to make it appear how
dytifull a mind I carry, hew faithfully I have at mine own charge ierved
her Ma jetty before I was proclaimed, how forrowfull I am for my of-
fences, and how faithfully I am affeded ever hereafter to ferve her
Majefty. And fo I commit your Lerdlhip to God, the 5. of SW 1583.
Subicribed
GIRATD DESMOND.
Sir Henry Wallop f* the Queen^ 12 .Aug. 1583.
IT may pleafc your Majefty, a rumor hath been raifed not Jong fince at
Dublin (I know not how,nor by what particular perfon,but itrongly
confirmed fince the laft pafTage out of England} (neither doth your fer-
vice now in hand upon this Northern border, fuflfer me to examine it)
that your Majefty conceived fome hard opinion of me, from which your
Highnefs is not yet removed ; but what the offence is, or how concei-
ved, is neither by the reporters publifhed,nor fecretly revealed unto me :
And like as it is eafic to judge what effeds this may work in the fervice
of your Majefty, or to a man in publick officers I am, in fuch a govern-
ment as this is , where the obedience for the moft is conftrained, and all
reputation with the people either growing or diminishing as your Maje-
fty graceth or difgraceth your Officers ; fo how much this quiet burthen
over-prefleth my moft devoted and dutifull mind towards your Majefty,
I feel to my exceeding grief and difcomfort.In examining my felf in what
root this your judgment (hould fpring, I confeffe Madam, i have view-
ed in my felf many im perfections, fome in nature, others perhaps for lack
of ability and fufficiency to be a cooperator or an affiftant in fo great and
fo ticklifh a government & charge,into which not ambition in me, bun
your Majeities wil & commandment hath intruded me. But in all that my
memory can hitherto prefentunto me, I find my loyalty in" your fervice,
and my fincerity in imploying your Majefties treafure according to your
intent, fo unfpotted and dired,as I cannot but comfort my felf in oppo-
fing my innoceKcy to the envy of the informer, or to any other his hard
conftrudion whatfoever .- yet fince in generall confideratioa I cannot
feel fuch a particular error, as might fettle in your Majefties grave judge-
ment, an offence meriting your disfavour, I am mofc humbly to befeech
your Ma jefty, that by knowing my fault I may either purge my felf by
a juft deniall, or by confeiTmg it crave pardon of your Highnefs, and re-
form my felf. Ifthereforeit ihallftand with your Majeftie; goodplea-
D 2. fure
2 Q Etrlc of Effex to Mr. Davifon .
lure to declare to my honorable good friend Mr. Secretary w*lfa _
commanding him to charge me with ic, I will thereupon limply anfwrr,
even as before the Lord Gad, without concealing any matter of truth
any wife, for mine own defence. This grace the iboner I (hall obtain,
the apter i ihall be found for your other iervices, from which I find my
ielf diltraded, becaufe the end of my travels is none other but to pur-
chafe that grace and favour wfych 1 may now fear to be alienated from
me till my cauie be better explained. And fo i humbly end, praying the
Lotd to blels you with a long and profperous reign.
Ttttr Afajcfties moft humble
1 1 - 1 3 8 3 fer vant andfubjett,
HENRY WALLOP.
The Earle of EfTcx it UMr, Davifon.
IP this Letter do not deliver you my very affectionate willies, and af-
iure you that I am both careliiil to deferve well, and covetous to hear
wel of you,it doth not difcharge the truit that 1 have committed unto
it. My love to your worthy Father,my expedation that you will truly
inherit his venues, and the proof that i have feen of your well fpending
your time abroad, arc three ftrong bands to tie my affection unto you ;
10 which when I lee added your kindnefs to my felf , my reafon tells my
heart,it cannot value you , or affed you too much : you have laid fo
good a foundation ot framing your feif, as if now you do not perfed
the work, th'expedation you have raifed will be your grcateft adverfa-
ry : flack not your indullry in thinking you have taken great pains al-
rczdy t Nttfqttam enim nee opera fine emolumento^ nee cmolumentum fine im-
fenfa opera eft : Labor voltiptaftfr dijfimilia natura, focietate qttadam nt-
tttrali inter fe conjunttafitnt. Nor think your felf at any time fo rich in
knowledge or reputation, as you may fpend on the ftock : For as the
way to vertue is iteep and craggy, fo the defcent from it is headlong. Ic
ts faid of our bodies, that they do Unte attgefcere & clto cxtingttntrtr ,
it may be as properly faid of our minds. Let your vertuous Father*
who in the middeit of his troubles and difcomforts, hath brought you by
his care and charge to what you are now in,you receive perfect comfort
& contentment Learn vinutcm aft illojortttnam ab aliis.l write not this
as fufpcding you need be admoniihed, or as finding my felf able to di-
*rle 0/Eflex to See. Davifon. 2 1
, ; but as he that when he wa* writing, took the plaineft and natural-
left ftile of a friend truly affeded to you : Receive it therefore I pray
you as a pledge of more love then I can now (hew you. And fo defi-
ing nothing more then to hear often from you,I wifh you all happinefs,
nd reft,
rm
a
Whitc-hdl, fan. $.
four Ajfettionatc and affitred friend,
R. E S S E X.
Etrle of EfTcx lo Secretary Davifon.
SIR,
AS I have ever loved you, fo now taking leave of my good friends,
I cannot forget you of whofe love I defire to be ever allured, and
whom I would defire to fatisfie in all things that I (hall do. If you be
troubled with the fuddennefs of my unlocked for journey, letmyrefo-
lute purpofe to perform it, which could not be without fecrelie , cxcufe
me: if you call it raftinefs, I wil better allow it to be herelie then error ;
for many months ago it was refolved : if you doubt of the fucceffe or
event thereof, I fay, that the fame God who hath given me a mind to
undertake, may according to his good pleafure make me in it, or it with
metoprofperordie,asit(hallfeembelluntohim. And fo purpofing
that you (hall fee me return happy, or never, I take my leave a few days
before my departure. Let me be commended to your good felfe, and
fuch other of my good friends, as in my abfence you find I am beholding
to.efpeciaHy to Sir Drew Drurj, and Sir Edwar
Tour a$nrcd friend,
R. ESSEX.
22 Earle of Effex to Secretary Da?iofi,
Earle of Effcx t9 Secretary Davifon, Ittly n.
SIR,
AS at my departure, fo upon my return, I muft needs falute you,as
one whom then, and now, and ever, I muft love very much. I
would gladly fee you, but I am tied here a while; when I may
have occafion to (hew my love to you, I will do more then I now pro-
mife. In the mean time wiftiing you that happinefs which men in this
world ought to feek> I take my leave
At the Court this IT. of Ttttr affurcd Friend
1589,
R. ESSEX.
tn to Secretary Davifon.
SIR,
IHad fpeech with her Majefty yefternight after my departure from
you , and I find that the fuccefs of my fpeech (although I hoped for
good) yet did much over-run my expedition. To repeat many fpee-
ches and by-matters, as of my acquaintance with you, and fuch like, it
will be fitter for fuch a time when I (hall have conference with you. But
in effed, our end was thus: I made her Majefty fee, what in your health,
in your fortune, and in your reputation with the world you had fuffered
lince the time that it was her pleafure to comic you; I told her how many
friends and well-wi(hers the world did afford you, and how for the moil
part, throughout the whole Realm her belt fubjeds did wi(h that (he
would do her felf the honour to repair for you, and reftore to you that
ftate which (he had overthrown ; your humble furTering of thefe harms,
and reverend regard to her Majefty, muft needs move a Princefs fo noble
and fo juft, to do you right ; and more I had faid, if ^my gift of fpeech
had been any way comparable to my love. Her Majefty feeing her judg-
ment opened by the ftory of her own actions , (hewed a very feeling
companion of you, (he gave you many praifes, and among the reft,that
which (he feemed to pleafe her felf in, was, that you were a man of her
own choyce. In truth (he was fo well pleafed wjth thofe things that (he
fpake
Ztrle of EfTcx to King James. 23
fpake and heard of you , as I dare (if of things future there be any affu-
-ranee) promifeto my felf that your peace wil be made to your own con-
tetit,and the dciire of your friends, I mean in her favour and your own
fortune.to a better eftate then , or at leaft the fame you had, which with
all my power I wil imploy my felf to effect. And fo in haft I commit yo
Your friend mofl affurcd,
R. E S S E X.
Earls of EfTex t$ King James concerning Secretary
Davifon. Afril 18. 1587.
M Oft excellent King, for him that is already bound .for many fa-
vours, a Itile of thankfulnefs is much fitter then the humour of
fuing ; but fo it falls out, that he which to his own advantage
would have fought nothing in your favour ,but your favour it felf , doth
now for another become an humble petitioner to your Ma jefty : your
Majefty cannot be fuch a ftranger to the affairs of this Countrey, but as
you know what actions are done in this place , fo you underftand the
minds of the men by whom they are done.Therfore I doubt not,but the
man for whom I fpeak,is fomewhat known to your Ma jefty , and being
known,! prelune of greater favour , Mr. Secretary Davifon fallen into
her Ma jetties difpleafure and difgrace ; beloved of the beft and moft re-
ligious of this land, doth ftand as barred from any preferment or refto-
ringin his place, except out of the honour and noblenefs of your own
Royall heart , your Majefty will undertake his caufe. To lea vie the na-
ture of his fault to your Majefties beft judgement, and report of your
ownfervant , and to fpeak of the man, I muft fay truly, that his fuffici-
ency in Councell, and matters of State, is fuch, as the Queen her felfe
confefleth , in her Kingdom (he hath not fuch another ; his vertue, reli-
gion and worth in all degrees is of the world taken to be fo great, as no
man in his good fortune hath had more generall love then this Gentle-
man in his difgrace : And if to a man fo worthy in himfelf, and fo efte-
med of all men, my words might avail any thing, I would aflure your
Majefty would get great honour, and great love, not onely here amongft
us, but in all places of Chriftendom where this Gentleman is any thing
known, if you (hould now be the author of his reftoiing to his place,
which in effcft he now is, but that as a snan not acceptable to her Maje-
24 E*rl 0/EfiTcx U Secretary Davifon.
fty, he doth forbear to attend. I do in all humblenefs commend this
caufe to your Majefty , having the warrant of a good confcience, that I"
know to be both honorable and honeft ; and your Majefty to the bleC-
fed protection of that mighty God, to whom will pray for your Ma je-
fties happy and profperous eftate, He that will do your Majefty all
humble fervice,
Greenwich April i$. R. E S S E X.
Earl of EflTex to Mr. Secretary Davifon.
SIR,
"IHaveasIcQuld, taken my opportunity fince I faw you, to perform
as much as I promifed you ; and though in all I have been able to ef-
fect nothing, yet even now I have had better leifure to follicit the Queen
then in this itormy time 1 did hope for. My beginning was, as being a-
mongft others intreated to move her in your behalf: my courfc was to
lay open your fufferings and your patiencejin them you had felt poverty,
reftraint and difgrace, and yet you (hewed nothing but faith and humili-
ty , faith, as being never wearied nor difcouraged to do her fervice ;
humblenefs,as content to forget all the burthens that had been laid upon
you, and to ferve her Majefty with as frank and willing a heart as they
that have received greateft grace from her. To this I received no anfwer
but in generall terms, that her honour was much touched, your pre-
fumption had been intolerable, and that (he could not let it flip out of
her mind. When I urged your accefs, (he denied it, but fo as I had- no
caufe to be afraid to fpeak again. When I offered in them both to reply,
(he fell into other difcourfe, and fo we parted. So all that I have done
you know j what T (hall do ye (hall prefer! be. If you hear any mans elfe
1 pray you let me know, for fo I (hall perceive whether (he will
open her heart more to me then them, which being known I may deal
accordingly. And fo I commit you to God.
Windfw y Ottob.2*
Tour mofi affttreei frien^
R. ESSEX.
AgM*
*rl of Eflex to Secretary Davifon. 25
Again to Mr. Secretary Davifon, upon the death of
iMr. Secretary Walfingham.
SIR,
v rPon this unhappy accident, I have tryed to the bottom what the
V Queen will do for you, and what the credit of your Sollicitor is
worth. I urged not the comparifon between you and any other : But in
my duty to her, and zeal to her fervice, I did aflure her th (he had not
any other in England that would for -thefe three or four years know
how to fettle himfelf to fupport fo great a burthen. She gave me leave
to fpeak, heard me with patience, confefled with me that none was fo
fufficient , and could not deny but that which (he lays to your charge
was done without hope, fear, malice, envy, or any refped of your own,
but meerly for her fafety both of (late and perfon. In tht end (he abfo-
iutely denied to let you enjoy that place, and willed me to reft fatisfied,
for (he was refolved. Thus much I write to let you know, I am more
honeft to my friends, then happy in their cafes. What you will have me
do for your fuit, I will as far as my credit is any thing worth. I have told
moft of the Councel of my manner of dealing with the Qyeen ; my
Lord Chamberlain tells me he hath dealt for you alfo, and they all fay
they wi(h as I do i but in this world that is enough. I will commit you
to God for this time, and reft
Tour conftant and true friend,
R. ESSEX.
Etrl of Effex to the gueen.
MY dutiful affedions to your Majefty always overweig^ed all other
worldly refpeds ; that feeking in all particulars to manifeft my
truth, I have maimed my eftate in general, as I dare in the heat of my
thoughts compare with the grcateft that ever vowed for faithful fervice,
fo is there not the meaneft that hath overflipped me, I will not fay in
rcco'mpence, but in fome gracious eftate of fervice. Thus whilft my faith
E wreftleth
2 5 E*rl of EfTcx to tkc Q^ee*.
wreftleth with my fortune, the one winns breath to beat th* other down.
Though I have no hope to repair the ruines of my overfight, yet I can-
jnot but prefume your Maj'efty will fuffer me to prefcrve them from
blowing up; and what youth and forward belief hath undermined in
mine eftate, providence by a retired life may underlay. In which dif-
continuanee from Court there (hall be added ( if any thing be added )
increafc of loyalty : Nor fo folitary fhall be my courfe, as it (hill feem
to proceed of difcontcntment, but of neceflity ; and all adions both with
living and my life fo forward, as though fome may have overrun me in
fortunes, none (hall in duty.
Next my allegiance to your Majefty, which (hall be held moft facred
and inviolable, the report of mine Honour challengeth chief intereft;
which that I may prefcrve in my wonted ftate, reafon draws me to ftay
my felf flipping from falling. That of late (by what fecret and venemous
blow I know not ) my faith hath received fome wounds, your Majefties
wonted grace withdrawn allures me : But truth and my patience in this
cafe were one with me, and time in your Princely thoughts did wear it
out from me. &t time be Judge ; I will leave you with as great lochnefs
as I were to lofe what I love beft. But your favour failing , in which I
have placed all my hopes, and my felf kfs graced after feven years then
when I had ferved but feven dayes, may be a reafon to excufe, if there
were no other reafon. Thefe things prefled out of a diftrefled mind, and
offered in all humility, I hope it fhall not be offenfivc iflchoofethis
wearifom courfe, rather to be retired then tired. If any of envy take ad-
vantage of abfence, feeking by cunning to draw rneinto fufpition of dif-
contentment, my confcience is fetlcd in your never erring Judgment,
that if he come with t faus hands and Jacob's voice, your Highnefs will
cenfure it a wrought malice under fuch fimplicity. It is true that grief
cannot fpeak ; but this grief hath made me write, left when I leave you
I (hould fo far forfake my felf as to leave this unfaid. To your gracious
acceptance I commit it, and with all humble and reverent thoughts that
may bereft ever to be commanded to die at your Majefties feet,
RO. ESSEX.
Jgtin to the Queen.
FRom a mind delighting in forrow, from fpirits wafted with palfion,
from a heart tornc in pieces with care, grief and travel, from a man
that
Sir Tho. Egcrton to the Earl of Effex. 27
that hateth himfelf and all things that keepeth him alive, what fcrvicc
tan your.Majefty expe&, fince your fervice pall deferves no more then
baniftiment or prefcription in the curfed'ft of all other Countries ? Nay,
nay, it is your Rebels pride and fuccefs that muft give me leave to ran-
fom my life out of this hatefull prifon of my loathed body : which if it
happen fo, your Majefty (hall have no caufe to miflike the faftuon of my
death, fince the courfe of my life could never pkafe you.
Tour M*jcfiet exiled
RO. ESSEX.
Sir Thomas Egcrton Lord Chtnecllor to the Earl o/Efifex.
Mj vtrj good Lord,
IT is often feen,that he that ftands by feeth more then h that piaycth
the game ; and for the moft part every one in his own caufe ftandeth
in his own light, and fceth not fo cleerly as he (hould. Your Lordfhip
hath dealt in other mens caufes , and in great and weighty affairs with
great wifdom and judgment } now your own is in hand, you are not to
contemn or refute the advice of any that love you, how fimple foever.
In this order I rank my felf among others that love you, none more
fimple, and none that love you with more true and honeit affedion ;
which (hall plead my excufe, if you (hall either miftake or miftruft my
words or meaning : but in your Lordftiips honorable wifdom I neither
doubt nor fufped the one nor the other. I will not prefume to advife
youi but (hoot my bolt and tell you what I think. The beginning and
long continuance of this fo unfeafonable difcontentmcnt you have feen
and proved, by which you aim at the end : If you hold ftill this courfe,
which hitherto you find to be worfe and worfe , ( and the longer you
go, the further you go out of the way) there is little hope or likelihood
the end will be better : You are not yet gone fo far, but that you
may well return : The return is fafe, but the progrefs is dangerous and
defperatein this courfe you hold. If you have any enemies, you do that
for them which they could never do for themfelves : Your friends you
leave to fcorn and contempt, you forfake your lelf and overthrow your
fortunes, and ruinate your honour and reputation : You give that com-
fort and courage to the foreign enemies, as greater they cannot have ;
E 2 for
2# Sir Tho. Egcrton t& the EtrlvffcffeK.
for what can be more welcome and pleafing news then to hear that her
Majefty and the Realm are maimed of fo worthy a Member, who harii"
fo often and fo valiantly quailed and daunted them > You forfake your
Country when it hath moft need of your Councel and aid : And laftly
you fail in your indiflbluble duty which you owe unto your moft gra
cious Soveraign, adutyimpofed upon you not by nature and-policie
only, but by the religious and facred bond wherein the divine Majefty
of Almighty God hath by the rule of Chriftianity obliged you.
For the four firft, your conftant refolution may perhaps move you
toefteem them as light; but being well weighed, they are not light,
nor lightly to be regarded. And for .the four laft, it may be that the
cjeernefs of your own confcience may feem to content your felf, but that
is not enough ; for thefe duties ftand not onty in contemplation or in-
ward meditation, and cannot be performed but by external adions, and
where that Jailcth, the Jubilance aJfo failed). This being your prefent
ftate and condition, what is to be done ? what is the remedy, my good
Lord ? I lack Judgment and wifdom to advife you, but I will never want
an honeft true heart to wifh you well ; nor being warranted by a good
confcience, will fear to fpeak that I think. I have begun plainly, be not
offended if J proceed fo. Bene cedit fjni cedit tempori : and Seneca faith,
Ccdendum eftfortun*. The medicine and remedy is not to contend and
ftrive, but humbly to yield & fubmit. Have you given caufe,and yet take
a fcandal unto you ? then all you can be is too little to make fatisfaftion.
Is caufe of feandal given unto you, yet policie, duty and religion enforce
you to me, yield and fubmit to our Soveraign, between whom and you
there can be no equal proportion of duty, where God requires it as a
principal duty and care to himfelf, and when it is evident that great good
may enfoe of it to your friends, your felf, your Country, and your So ve-
raign, and exrreme harm by,the contrary. There can be no diihonour to
yield j but in denying, difhonour and.impiety. The difficulty (my good
Lord) is to conquer your felf, which is the height of true valour and
fortitude, whereunto all your honorable actions have tended. Do it in
this, andGodwillbepleafed, her Majefty (no doubt) well latisfied,
your Country will take good , and your Friends comfort by it ; and
your felf (I mention you laft, for that of all thefe you efteem yourfelf
Jeaft) (hall receive honour ; and your Enemies (if you have any) (hall
&e difappointed,of their bitter fweet hope.
I have delivered what I think fimply and plainly,! leave you to deter-
mine according to your own wifdom : if I have erred, it is error amcris^
nd mtamor erreris. Conftrue and accept it, I befeech you, as J meant
* ; aec as an adyke, bm as an opinion to be allowed or cancelled at
Earls A fiver. 29
year pleafure. "If I might conveniently have conferred with yourfdfin
'peffon, J would not have troubled you with fo many idle blots What-
foever you judge of this my opinion , yet be affured my defire is to fur-
ther all good means that may tend to your Lordfhips good. And fo
wiftiing you all happinefs and honour, I ceafe.
Tour Lord/hips moft ready and faithful^
though ttnafle poor Friend,
Tho. Egerton, Cnft. Sigil.
The Earles Anfver.
MY very good Lord, though there is not that man this day living
whom I would fooner make Judge of any queftion that might
concern me , then your felfe ; ye: you muil give me leave to
tell you , that in feme cafes I muft appeal from all earthly Judges : And
if many, then furely in this, when the higheft Judge on earth hath im-
pofed upon me the heavieft punifhment without triall or hearing. Since
then I muft either anfwer your Lordfhips Arguments, or elfe forfake
mine own juft defence,! wil force mine aking head to do me fervice for
an hour. I muftfirft deny my difcontentment (which was forced)to be
an humorous difcontent ; and in that it was unfeafonabie, or is fo long
continuing, your Lordfliip fhould rather condole with me then expoftu-
late : naturall feafons are expected here below, but violent and unrea-
fonable ftorms come from above : There is no tempeft to the paffionate
indignation of a Prince, nor yet at any time fo unfeafonabie as when is
lighteth on thofe that might exped an harveft of their earefull and pain-
full labours. He that is once wounded muft needs feel fmart till his hurt
be cured, or the part hurt become fenflefs. But cure I exped none, her
Majcfties heart being obdurate ; and be without fenfe I cannot; being of
flefh and blood But you may fay, I may aim at the end .- 1 do more then
aim, for I fee an end of all my fortunes, I have fet an end to all my de--
fires. In this courfe do I any thing for mine enemies ? when J was pre-
fent I found them abfolute, and therefore I had rather they (hould tri-
umph alone, then have me attendant upon their Chariots .- Or do I
leave my friends ? When I was a Courtier I could fell them no fruit of
my love, and now that I am an Hermit, they (hall bear no envi for their
tovc
jo E'rldfEffcx td 5r>Tho.Egton.,
love to me. Or do I forfake ray feif, becaufe I do not enjoy my felf ? Of
do I overthrow my fortunes, becaufe I build not a fortune of paper--
walls, which every puff of wind blowethdown ? Or do I ruinate mihe
honor, becaufe I leave following the purfuit, or wearing the falfe mark
or the fhadow of honor ? Do I give courage or comfort to the ene-
mies, becaufe I negled my fejf to encounter them, or becaufe I keep
my heart from bufinefs, though I cannot keep my fortune from decli-
ning ? No , no , I give every one of thofe confederations his due
right, and the more I weigh them, the more I find my felf juftified from
offending in any of them. As for the two laft objections, that I forfake
my Countrey when it hath molt need of me, and fail in that indiffoluble
duty which I owe to my Soveraign : I anfwer , That if my Countrey
had at this time any need of my publick fervice , her Majefty that
governeth it, would not have driven me to a private life. I am tied to
my Countrey by two bonds; one publick, to difcharge carefully and in-
duftrioufly that truft which is committed to me ; the other private, to
facrifice for it my life and carkafTe, which hath been nourifhed in it. Of
the firft I am free, being difmiffed by her Majefty : Of the other no-
thing can free me but death, and therefore no occafion of performance
(hall fooner offer it felf, but I will meet it halfe way. The indiffoluble
duty I owe unto her Majefty, the fervice of an Earle and of Marfhall of
England , and I have been content to do her the fervice of a Clerk j but
I can never ferve her as a villain or a Have. But you fay I muft give way
to time. So I do, for now that I fee the ftorm come, I have put my felf
into harbour. Settee* (kith, we muft give way to Fortune : I know that
Fortune is both blind and ftrong, and therefore I go as far as I can out
of the way. You fay the remedy is not to ftrive : I neither ftrive nor
ieek for remedy. But you fay, I muft yeild and fubmit : I can neither
yeild my felf to be guilty , nor this my imprifonment lately laid upon
me, to be juft j I ow fo much to the Author of Truth, as I can never
yeild Truth to be Falfhood , nor Falfhood to be Truth. Have I given
caufe, you ask, and yet take a fcandall ? No, I gave no caufe to take up
fo much as Fimbria his complaint : for I did tot urn telum corf ore accipere,
I patiently bear and fenfibly feel all that I then received when this fcan-
dall was given me. Nay, when the vileft of all indignities are done unto
me, doth religion enforce me to fue ? Doth God require it ? Is it im-
piety not to do ir> Why ? cannot Princes erre ? Cannot fubjefts re-
ceive wrong? Is an earthly power infinite f Pardon me, pardon me,
iny Lord, I can never fubfcribe to thefe principles. Let Solomons fool
laugh when he is ftricken; let thofe that mean to make their profit of
Princes,(hew to have no fcnfe of Princes injuries j let them acknowledge
an
N wo Letters framed, &c. 31
,in infinite abfolutenefs on earth,that do not believe an abfolnte infinite-
fiefs in heaven. As for me, I have received wrong , I feel it j my caufe
is good, I know it ; and whatfoever comes, all the powers on earth can
rever (hew more ftrength or conftancy in opprcffing,then I can (hew in
fuffering whatfoever can or (hall be impofed upon me. Your Lordftiip
in the beginning of your Letter makes me a Player, and your felf a loo-
ker on; and me a player of my own game, fo you may fee more then
/; but give me leave to tell you, that fince you do but fee, and / do
faffer, / muft of neceffity feel more then you. / mutt crave your Lord-
(hips patience to give him that hath a crabbed fortune, leave to ufe a
crooked ftile. But whatfoever my ftile is , there is no heart more hum-
ble, nor more affc&ed towards your Lordftiip, then that of
Tour Lordfitys poorfriendy
ESSEX.
Two Letters framed, one as from Mr. Anthony Bacon to tkt
Earl of Effex , the other as the Earls anfoer.
':
Mj ftngular good Lord y ^
THis (landing at a (lay doth make me in my love towards your
Lordftiip jealous left you do fomwhat, or omit fomwhat that a-
mounteth to a new error : For I fuppofe that of all former matters there
is a full expiation ; wherein for any thing which your Lordftiip doth,
I for my part (who am remote) cannot caft or devife wherein my error
fliould be, except in one point, which I dare not cenfure nor diffwade :
which is,that as the Prophet faith,in this affliction you look up ad manum
perctttieMtem, and fo make your peace with God. And yet I have heard
it noted, that my Lord ofLeicefter> who could never get to be taken for
a Saint, yet in the Queens disfavour waxed feeming religious. Which
may be thought by fome, and ufed by others as a cafe refembling yours,,
if men do not fee, or will not fee the difference between your two difpo-
fitions. But to be plain with your Lordftiip, my fear rather is, becaufe I
hear how fome of your good and wife friends, not unpradifed in the
Court, and fuppofing themfelves not to be unfeen in that deep and UH-
fcrutable Center of the Court, which is her Majefties mind ; do not only
*oll the bdl,but even ring out peal?, as if you* for tune were dead and
buried,.
Letters framed* &c,
buried, and as ifthtrewerenopofiibility of recovering her Majefties
favour ; and as if the beft of your condition were to live a private and
retired .life, out of want, out of peril, and out of manifeft difgrace. And
fo in this perfwafton to your Lordfhip-wards, to frame and accommo-
date your actions and mind to that end, I fear (I fay) that this untimely
defpair may in time bring forth a juft defpair, by caufing your Lordfhip
to flacken and break offyour wife, loyal, and feafonable endeavour and
induftry for reintegration to her Majefties favour, in comparifon where-
of all other circumftances are but as Atomi, or rather as a Vacuum with-
out any fubftance at all.
Againft this opinion it may pleafe your Lordfhip to confider of thefe
reafons which I have collected j and to make judgment of them, neither
out of the melancholy of your prefent fortune,nor out of tb - infufion of
that which cometh to you by others relation, which is fubject to much
tincture, but ex rebus ipfis, out of the nature of the perfons and actions
themfelves , as the trueft and lefs deceiving ground of opinion. For
though 7 am fo unfortunate as to be a ftranger to her Majefties eye,much
more to her nature and manners, yet by that which is extant / do ma-
nifeftly difcern that (he hath that character of the Divine nature and
goodnefs, as qttos amavity amavit ufyue ad finem ; and where (he hath
a creature, (he doth not deface nor defeat it : infomuch as if /obferve
rightly in thofe perfons whom heretofore (he hath honoured with her
fpecial favour, (he hath covered and remitted not only defections and
ingratitudes in affection, but errors in ftate and fervice.
2. if I can Scholar-like fpell & put together the parts of her Majefties
proceedings now towards your Lordfhip, / cannot but make this con-
ftruction , That her Majefty ia her Royal intention never purpofed to
call your doings into publique queftion, but only to have ufed a cloud
without a (hower, and centring them by fome reftraint of liberty and
debarring from her prefence. For both the handling the caufe in the
Star-chamber was inforced by the violence of libelling and rumours,
wherein the Q^een thought to have fatisfied the world, and yet fpared
your appearance : And then after ,when that means which was intended
for the quenching of malicious bruits, turned to kindle them, becaufe ic
was faid your Lord(hip was condemned unheard, and your Lordftiips
Sifter wrote that private Letter, then her Majefty faw plainly that thefe
winds of rumours could not be commanded down without a handling
of the Caufe by making you party, and admitting your defence. And
to this purpofe / do afTure your Lord(hip, that my Brother Francis
Eacon, who is too wife to be abufed, though he be both referved in all
fticuiars more then is needfull,yet in generality he hath ever conftantly
and
; two Letters framed, c. 33
. and with affeveration affirmed to me, That both thofe daycs, that of
the Star-chamber,and that at my Lord Keepers, were won of the Queen
meerly upon neceflity and point of honour , againft her own in-
clination.
;. Inthelaft proceeding I note three points which are diredly fig-
nificant, that her Majefty did exprefly forbear any point which was ir-
recuperable, or might make your Lordftiip in any degree uncapable of
the return of her favour, or might fix any character indeleble of difgrace
upon you : For (he fpared the publick places, which fpared ignommie;
(he limited the Charge precifely not to touch difloyalty, and no Record
remaineth to memory of the Charge or Sentence.
4. The very diftindion which was made in the fentence of Sequeftra-
tion from the places of fervice in State, and leaving to your Lordftiip
the place of Matter of the Horfe, doth in my underitanding point at this,
that her Majefty meant to ufc your Lordlhips attendance in Court,
while the exercifes of other places flood fufpended.
5. I have heard, and your Lordfliip knoweth better, that now fincc
you were in your own cultody, her Majefty in verbo Regio, and by his
mouth to whom (he committeth her Royal grants and Decrees, hatfe
aflured your Lordfhip (he will forbid, and not fuffer your mine.
6' As I have heard her Majefty to be a Prince of that magnanimity,
that (he will fpare the fervice of the ableft Subject or Peer, where (he
(hall be thought to ftand in need of it ; fo (he is of that pottcie, as (he
will not blaze the fervice of a meaner then your Lord(hip, where ic (hall
depend raeerly upon her choice and will.
7 I held it for a principle, That thofe difeafes are hardeft to cure,
whereof the caufe is obfcure; and thofe eafieft, whereof the caufe is
manifeft. Whereupon I conclude, that fince it hath been your errors in
your lownefs towards her Majefty which have prejudiced you, that your
reforming and conformity will reftore you, fo as you may be Faber
fortuna proprl<e .
Laftly, Confidering your Lordftiip is removed from dealing in Caufes
of State, and left only to a place of Attendance, methinks the Ambition
of any which can endure no Partners in State-matters may be fo quench-
ed, as they (hould not laborioufly oppofe themfelvcs to your being in
Court. So as upon the whole matter, I cannot find neither in her Ma-
jefties perfon, nor in your own perfon, nor in any third perfon, neither
in former precedents nor in ycur own cafe,any caufe of peremptory de-
fpair. Neither do I fpeak this, but that if her Majefty out of her refoiu-
tion (hould defign you to. a private life, you (hould be as willing upon
the appointment to go into the wilderneft as into the land of promife ;
F only
34 Two Letters framed, &c.
only I wifli that your Lordlhip will not defpair, but put truft ( nexc to^
God ) in her Mijefties grace, and not be wanting to your felf. I know"
your Lordftlip may jultly interpret, that this which I perfwade may
have fome reference to my particular, becaufe I may truly fay tcfiantt
non virebo, for I am withered in my felf ; but m.webo^m tenebo, I (hould
in fome fort be, or hold out. But though your Lordfhips years and
health may exped return of grace and fortune, yet your Eoclipfe fora
time is an ultimnm vale to my fortune : And were it not that I de fired
and hope to fee my Brother eftablifhed by her Majefties favour, as I
think him well worthy for that he hath done and fuffered , it were time
I did take that courfe from which I diflwade your Lordfhip. Now in the
mean time I cannot choofe but perform thofe honeft duties unto you,
to whom I have been fo deeply bound, &c.
The Earl of EfTex bU Anfaer to Mr. Anthony
Bacons L etter.
Mr. Bacon,
I Thank you for your kind and carefull letter ; it perfwadeth that which
*/ wiih for ftrongly,and hope for weakly, that is, polfibility of reftitu-
tion to her Majefties favour : Your arguments that would cherifh hope,
turn into difpair : You fay the Queen never meant to call me to pub-
lick cenfure, which (heweth her goodnefs ; but you fee / parted it, which
iheweth others power. 1 believe moft ftcdfaftly, her Majefty never in-
tended to bring my caufe to a publick cenfure j and / believe as verily,
that fince the fentence (he meant to reftore me to tend upon her
perfon : but thofe which could ufe occafions (which it was not in me to
let) and amplifie and pradife (Jccafions to reprefent to her Majefty a
necefiity to bring me to the one, can and will do the like to ft op me
from the other. You fay, my errors were my prejudice , and therefore
/can mend my felf. It is true ; but they that know that / can end my
felf, and that if /ever recover the Qu,een, that I will never lofe her a-
gain,will never fuffer me to obtain intereft in her favour : and you fay,
the j^ueen never forfook utterly where (he hath inwardly favoured ; but
know not whether the hour-glafs of time hath altered her, but fure I
am, the falfe glafle of others informations muft alter her , when /want
accefs to plead mine own caufe, / know / g ought doubly,infinitely to be
her Majefties both jure creationi*, for / am her creature ; and jure re-
is, for /know (he hath fayed me from overthrow. But /or her
I
to the Earl of Etfcx. 55
jirft love, and for her lad protection, and all her great benefits, /can
but pray for her Majefty; & my endevour is now to make my prayers for
her and my felf better heard. For thanks be to God,that they whichcan
make her Majefty believe /counterfeit with her.cannot make God be-
lieve that /counterfeit with him -and they that can let me from coming
near to her, cannot let me from arawing nearer to him, as / hope /do
daily. For your brother, I hold him an honeft Gentlerrai, and wifli him
all good much rather for your fake; your felf / know hath fuffered more
for me and with me, then any friend chat /have : But / can but lament
freely, as you fee / do, and advife you not to do that / do, which is to
defpair. You know Letters what hurt they have done me, and therefore
make fure of this.- and yet/ could not, as having no other pledge of my
love, but communicate openly with you for the eafe of my heart ana
yours.
Tour frying friend,
R. ESSEX.
Z0r</Mountjoy tttkt Earlc of EfTex.
MOft noble Lord, the Queen is now removing towards a Progrefs ;
wherein, after I have fomwhat waited upon her, / (hall have a de-
fire to write to your Lordfhip of fomc things more at large, which /wiH
do as fafely as /can ; your Lordfhips vertue, and your clear confcieEce
muft be your own brazen wall : for we that are not of the Councell do
fee no hope to keep long together this State from affured ruine. / pray
God the Queen may with all profperity out-live their negligence, and
your care, to be a juft Judge, if not a rewarder thereof, /n the mean
time you owe unto her, and your own vertue, extraordinary patience.
Your Lordfhips mind ( / do proteft) cannot labour more in the ftorm
wherein you are, then mine doth in this dangerous and miferable calm.
For it is fome comfort to perifh doing fomewhat ; and yet , my Lord,
why (hould we defpair, fince there is a Providence that looks beyond,
and concludes contrary to the practices of the world ; which Providence
hath (hewed us ways , how rugged foever they be, which will bring un-
to true happinefs ; and though we Jofe thefe mortall Barkes we fail in,
yet he will afluredly fave the paflengers. Noble Lord, in refpeft of
that great Haven, contemn thefe tempefts and (hipwracks at fea.Your
Lordfhips fervant Mr. Svfal, doth fear to have you impute his flow
F 2 difparth
$6 Sir Robert Cecil to the Lord Burftigh.
difpatch unto any want of his diligence, and hath (hewed his fear iir
exceeding forrow that it could not be fooner, and with as much earc '
by all his beft means to eflfeft it. I much thank your Lordftiip for your
favour to Sir karls Blunt ^ of whom (if he be not thankfull) I (hall
not onely be deceived, but alfo revenged. I will pray continually for
your Lordfhips profperity, and that it (hall be impoflible to make
me othenvife then
Tour Lordfhips moft honeft
axdfaithfitllfervaHt,
MOUNTJOY.
Sir Robert Cecil, after Earl of Salisbury, to the Lord
Burleigh his Father, from France. Fcbr.26. 1597.
MY duty humbly remembred to your Lordftiip : Having lately
made difpatches from Diep, ?.nd having made little way in France,
by reafon of Sir Thtmas wilk* indifpofition, your Lordftiip can expecl
little from me ; efpecially having joyned with my aflbciates in a letter
to your Lordftiip : Neverthelefs, becaufe love and duty will find eafily
occafion to exprefs themfelves , I am bold to yeild your Lordftiip fome
more trouble by my private Letter. I have met here with the primier
Prefident of Roan, a man of great credit and reputation, one that untill
meer neceflity did force him, kept much hold here for this King : he af-
terward retired, and kept the Parliament at Caen ; he is learned, grave,
of good perfon, good difcourl"e,& well affeftionate to England^ name
is Claude Gro/Urt; he is now next the Duke Monpencier, the ftay of all
thofe quarters, infomuch that when the King will be merry with him, he
calls him one of the pecty Dukes in Normandy : he did vifit me with
great refpeft, and fell into familiar difcourfe with me of your Lordftiip,
whom he had known in England mzxfij years fince , and hath had corre-
fpondency with your Lordihip by letters in Mr. Secretary jVAlfnghams
time : And being talking thereof, he defired me to tell your Lordihip by
eccafion, that when thefe troubles were like to grow by the League, you
writ him a letter cf advice to ftick faft to the King, and not to be doubt-
full though he faw difficulties; for you did hold it for a true Oracle t
That the Kings on earth are like the Sun , and that dich as do feek to
u far pare lik; falling Starrest For the Sun, although it be ecclipfed and
cbfufcated with mills and clouds, at length they are difperfed, where the
other
/ Sir Robert Cecil tt ffo XWBurlcigh. J7
Bother are but figures of ftars in the eyes view, and prove no more but
'exhalations, which fuddenly diflblve and fall to the earth, where they are
confumed. Beeaufe I have little elfe to fill my paper, I prefume to
trouble your Lord(hip thus far, to whom I think it cannot be offenfive
to hear that for your fake I am, by many the better ufed, and that by
your own wifdom you are by men of place and gravity both honored
and remembred. The marriage of the Duke of Tremouille to the Count
Maurice his fifter, hath drawn the Duke of Bovillon towards Britanj,
where I am informed by this Prelident, that he meaneth to (lay, and to
attend the King, to whom he will clear himfelf if he take any knowledge
of any jealoufie; and the rather becaufe he is there well fortified in a
Countrey full of thofe that are of the religion. It (hall behove me being
there to cary my felf tenderly towards him. The Kings profperity in Bri-
tanji hath already made his Catholikes begin to quarrel with the Accord
which hath been made at the AfTembly : For the perfons that were ap-
pointed to frame the Articles into an Edict, have varied upon fome prin-
cipall points , onely to trifle out the time, thereby to difcover whether
the King may need their afliftar.ce or no. But the Duke of Bovillo* hea-
ring inckltng of it, made more hafte, and hath been with the King, and
doth return forthwith to him as foon as he hath been at the marriage of
the LadyTVfwo-w'/k.Your Lordfliip knows the circumftances of my jour-
ney are not fuch as can afford me any means to judge ; but this your
Lordfliip may allure, that by that time I have fpoken to the King ,
things will break out one way other fo far as it will appear whether it
be worth the tarrying to treat or no ; after once the King has been
dealt with, to which I will addrefs my felf with all fpeed, and not tarry
for the States, who may be come to Pari* by that time I do return : for I
believe they will be content to treat any where. I (hall have a mifs of
Sir Thomas w///,were it not we were well inftruded; and lurely,
he was grown very heavy of late, and dull: If I (hould ftay here
to attend his recovery , it would comfumemeto no purpofe . /have
written a Letter to the ^ueen of fome fuch gathering as I have
gotten, and of the fpeeches between me and the Prefident , becaufe
her Majefty may not be offended that I write not particulatly to
her felfe of fomething. Although the Spaniards from Callis have
fpoyled Baft-Bologne , yet it is not holden here that the Cardinall
will fit down before any Town fpeedily, for he will not be able.
Neverthelefle the Conftable is come into Picardy, to give ftay to the
Province ; if that be the fruit of the Treaty, we (hall have lefs need to
difiwade the King.
\-
I
3$ Sir Francis Walfinghatn Seer.
I mudr fear Sir TkoWilk* to be in a Lethargic. Sinee your Lordfhips
Letter of Feb. 15. which found me at Dover a little before my imbarking,
the wind hath not ferved to bring me any Letter out of England. The
Lord of heaven fend me tidings of your Lordfhips health, for whom
I will daily pray. I received alfo a Letter from the Earl of Jfcx of
the 1 6 and did imbark the 17. I humbly take my leave, and rett
Feb.26. J 597 . Tour Lordfiips humble and
obedient So* y
RO. CECIL.
Sir Francis Walfingham Secretary to Monfteur Critoy
Secretary of France.
SIR,
VT 7 Hereasyou defire to be advertifed touching the proceedings here
VV in Ecclefiaftical caufes,becaufe you feem to note in them fomc in-
conftancie and variation,as if we fomtimes inclined to one fide, femtimes
to another,, and as if that clemencie and lenity were not ufed of late,thac
was ufed in the beginning ; all which you impute to your own fuperficia.1
understanding of the affairs of this State, having notwithftanding her
Majefties doing in fingular reverence, as the real pledges which (he hath
given unto the world of her fmcerity in Religion, and of her wifdom in
Government well meriteth : I am glad of this occafion to impart that
little I kntw in that matter to you both for your own fatisfadion, and
to the end you may make ufe thereof towards any that (hall not be fo
modeftly and fo reafonably minded as you are. I find therefore her Ma-
jefties proceedings to have been grounded upon two principles.
1 . The one, That confciences are not to be forced, but to be won and
reduced by the force of truth.with the aid of time and the ufe of all good
means of inftrudion and perfwafion.
2. The other, That the Caufes of Confcience wherein they exceed
their bounds, and grow to be matter of fadion, lofe their nature ; and
that Soveraign Princes ought dittindly to puni(h the pradice in con-
tempt , though coloured with the pretence of Confcience and Re-
ligion*
Ac-
y ; id Mnfeur Cdtoy Seer. o/Francc. 3^
According to thefc principles , her Majefty at her coming to the
' Crown,-utterly difliking the tyranny of Rome, which had ufed by terror
and rigor to ftttle commandments of mcns faiths andconfciences,though
as a Prince of great wifdom and magnanimity (he fuffered but the exer-
cife of one Religion, yet her proceedings towards the Papifts was with
great lenity, expecting the good effects which time might work in them :
And therefore her Majefty revived not the Laws made in the 28.and 35.
of her Fathers reign, whereby the Oath of Supremacie might have been
offered at the Kings pleafure to any Subject, though he kept his confci-
cnce never fo modeftly to himfelf j and the refufal to take the fame oath
without further circumftance was made Treafon. But contrariwife her
Majefty not liking to make windows into mens hearts & fecret thoughts,
except the abundance of them did overflow into overt and exprefs ads
or affirmations, tempered her Laws fo as it reftraineth every manifeft
difobedience in impugning and impeaching advifedly and malicioufly her
Ma jefties fupreme power , maintaining and extolling a foraign jurifdi-
dion. And as for the Oath, it was altered by her Majefty into a more
gratefull form, the hardnefs of the name and appellation of Supreme
Head was removed, and the penalty of the refufal thereof turned only
into difablement to take any promotion, or to exercife any charge, and
yet with liberty of being reinvefted therein if any man fhould accept
thereof during his life. But after when Pitts Qgintas had excommuni-
cated her Majefty, and the Bulls of Excommunication were publilhed
in ZW0#,whereby her Majefty was in a fort profcribed ; and that there-
upon as upon a principal motive or preparative followed the Rebellion
in the North : yet becaufe the ill humours of the Realm were by that
Rebellion partly purged, and that (he feared at that time no foreign in -
valion, and much lefs the attempt of any within the Realm not backed
by fome potent fuceour from without, fhe contented herfelf to make a,
Law againft that fpecial cafe of bringing and publishing of any Bulls or
the like Inttruments, whereunto was added a prohibition upon pain noc
of treafon, but of an inferior degree of punishment againft the bringing
in of Agntts Dei, hallowed bread, and fuch other merchandife of Rome,
as are well known not to be any eflcntial part of the Romifti religion,
but only to be ufed in pradife as Love-tokens to inchant the peoples
affedions from their allegiance to their natural Soveraign. In all other
points her Majefty continued her former lenity : but when about the 20.
year of her reign {he had difcovered in the King of $"/><# an intention
to invade her Dominions , and that a principal point of the plot was to
prepare a party within the Realm that might adhere to the Foreigner;
and that the Seminaries began to bloflbm and Co fend forth daily Priefts
and
40 Sir Francis Walfingham
and profefied men,who (hould by vow taken at'Shrift reconcile her Sub-
jects from their obedience, yea & bind many of them to attempt againib
her Majefties facred perfon j and that by the poyfon which they fpread,
the humours of moft Papifts were altered, and that they were no more
Papifts in confcience and of fofcnefs, but Papifts in faction ; then were
there new Laws made for the puniftiment of fuch as (hould fubmit thern-
felves to fuch reconcilements or renunciations of obedience. And be-
caufe it was a Treafon carried in the clouds , and in wonderfull fecrefie,
and came feldom to light , and that there was no prefufpition thereof fo
great as the Recufants to come to Divine Service, becaufe it was fet
down by their Decrees, that to come to Church before reconcilement
was abfolutely heretical and damnable : Therefore there were added
Laws containing puniftiment pecuniary againft fuch Recufants, not to
enforce Confcience, but to enfeeble and impoverifti the means of thofe
of whom it refteth indifferent and ambiguous whether they were recon-
ciled or no. And when notwithstanding all this pr.ovifion this poyfon
was difperfed fo fecretly, as that there was no means to ftay it but by
reftraining the Merchants that brought it in ; then laftly there was added
another Law, whereby fuch feditious Priefts of new erection were exiled,
and thofe that were at that time within the Land (hipped over, and
fo commanded to keep hence upon pain of Treafon.
This hath been the proceeding , though intermingled not only with
fundry examples of her Majefties grace towards fuch as inherwifdom
(he knew to be Papifts in confcience, and not in faction and fingularity,
but alfo with an ordinary mitigation towards the offenders in the higheft
degree committed by Law , if they would but proteft that in cafe this
Realm (hould be invaded, with a foreign Army by the Popes authority
for the Catholique caufe, as they term it.they would take party with her
Majefty, and not adhere to her enemies. For the other part which have
been offenfive to this State, though in other degree, which named them-
felves Reformers, and we ^commonly call Puritans, this hath been the
proceeding towards them a great while : When they inveighed againft
fuch abufes in the Church, as Pluralities, Non-refidence, and the like ;
their zeal was not condemned, only their violence was fometimes cen-
fured : When they refufed the ufe of fome Ceremonies and Rites as fu-
perftitious, they were tolerated with much connivencie and gentlenefs ;
yea when they called in queftion the Superiority of Bifhops, and pre-
tended to bring a Democracie into the Church, yet their Propofitions
were heard, considered, and by contrary writings debated and difcuffed.
Yet all this w&le it was pe-ceived that their courfe was dangerous and
very popubf : As becauie Papiltry was odious, therefore it was ever in
their
f* Mtnftw Critoy Seer, of France. 4 r
their mojths, that they fought to purge the Church from the reliques of
Popery, a thing acceptable to the People, who love ever to run from
one extreme to another. Becaufe multitudes of Rogues, and Poverty
were an eye-fore and diflike to every man, therefore they put it into the
Peoples head, that if Difci pline were plaintive, there (hould be no Beg-
gers nor Vagabonds ; a thing very plaufibfe. And in like mnnner they
promife thepeoplemany other impoffible wonders of their Difcipline.
Befides they opened the People a way to Government by their Confiiio-
ry & Presbytery ,a thing though in confequence no lefs prejudicial to the
liberties of private men then to the foveraignty of Princes,yet in the firft
(hew very popular. Neverthelefs this (except it were in fome few that
entredinto extreme contempt ) was borne with,becaufe they pretended
but in dutifull manner to make Propofitions, and to leave it to the Pro-
vidence of God. and the authority of the Magiftrate. But now of late
years, when there iffued from them a Colony of thofe that affirmed the
confent of the Magiftrate was not to be attended ; when under pretence
of a Confefiion to avojd (landers and imputations, they combined them-
felves by ClafTes and Subfcriptions ; when they defcended into that vile
and bafe means of defacing the Government of the Church by ridiculous
Pafquils ; when they began to make many Subjects in doubt to take an
Oath, which is one of the fundamental points of Juftice in this Land and
in all places ; when they began both to vaunt of their ftrength and num-
ber of their partizans and followers, and to ufe the communications
that their Caufe would prevail, though with uprore and violence ; then
it appeared to be no more zeal, no more confcience, but meer faction
and divifion : And therefore though the State were compelled to hold
fom what a harder hand to reftrain them then before, yet it was with as
great moderation as the peace of the Church and State could permit.
And therefore to conclude,confider uprightly of thefe matters,and you
(hall fee her Majefty is no Temporizer in Religion. It is not the fuccefs
abroad, nor the change of fervants here at home can alter her ; only as
the things themfelves alter, fo (he applied her religious wifdom to cor-
refpond unto them, itill retaining the two rules before mentioned in
dealing tenderly with confciences, and yet in difcovering Faction from
Confcience. Farewell.
Tour loving Friend,
Francis Walfingham.
Sir
Sir Francis Bae t* the Etilof Effcx.
Sir Francis Bacon to the Earl 0/EfTcx, wkw Sir Robert
Cecil wo* i# France.
JMj fmgular good Lord^
"I Do write becaufe I have not yet had time fully to exprefs my conceit,
* nor now to attend you, touching Irifi matters, conlidering them as
they may concern the State, that it is one ofthcapteft particulars that
hath come, or can come upon the ftage for your Lordfhip to purchafe
honour upon, I am moved to think for three reafons : Becaufe it is in-
generate in \ourHoufe in refpeft of my Lord your Fathers noble at-
tempts ; becaufe of all the accidents of State at this time, the labour
refteth moftupon that j and becaufe the world will make a kind of com-
parifon between thofe that fet it out of frame, and thofe that (hall bring
it into frame : which kind of honour giveth the quickeft kind of re-
flection. The transferring this honour upon your felf confifleth in two
points: The one> if the principal, perfons imployed come in by you,,
and depend upon you ; the other, if your Lordfhip declare your felf to
undertake a care of that matter. For the perfons, it falleth out well,
that your Lordfhip hath had no intereft in the perfons of imputation :
For neither Sir William Fitz,-pri/liams, nor Sir John N orris was yours ;
Sir William Ruffe! was conceived yours, but was curbed : Sir Centers
Clifford, as I conceive it, dependeth upon you, who is faid to do well ;
and if my Lord of Ormond in this interim do accommodate well, I take
it he hath always had good understanding with your Lordfhip. So as all
things are not only whole and entire, but of favourable afped towards
your Lordftiip, if you now chufe well : wherein in your wifdom you
will remember there is a great difference in choice of the perfons, as you
(hall think fhe affairs to incline to compofition or to war. For your care-
taking , popular conceit hath been, that Irijh caufes have been much
negleded, whereby the very reputation of better care will be a ftrength :
And I am fure her Majefty and my Lords of the Councel do not think,
sheir care diflbrVed, when they have chofen whom to imploy ; but that
they will proceed in a fpirit of State, and not leave the main point to
difcretion. Then if a Refolution be taken, a Confiscation muft proceed
and the Confutation muft be governed upon Information to be had from
fiich as know the place and matters in fad : And in taking of informa-
sion I have always noted there is a skill and a wifdom. For I cannot tell.
what
Sir Francis Bacon fe thg E*rl </{Tcx. 4$
what accompt or inquiry hath been taken of Sir William Ruffel, of Sir
&*lph Eingh*ri of the Earl of Tomoxd, ofMr.trilbraham : but I am
of opinion much more would be had of them, if your Lerdfhip fhall bft
pleafed feverally to confer, not obiter, but exprefly upon fome CMC&
given tbfim 50 think of it before ; for, bent docet qtti frudenter interrogate
For the points of oppofmg them, I am too much a (banger to the bufi-
nef$ to deduce them : but in a Topique methinks the pertinent inter-
rogations mult be either of the pofiibility and means of Accord,or of the
nature of the War, or of the reformation of the particular abufes, or of
the joy ning of practice with force in the difunion of the Rebels. If your
Lordihip doubt to put your fkkle in others mens harvefts, yet confider
you have thefe advantages. Firft, Time being fit to you in Mr. Secre-
taries abfence : Next, Vis unit a. fortur : Thirdly, ie bufmefs being
mixt with matters of war, it is fitteft for you : Laftly, I know your
Lordfhip will carry it with that modefty and refped towards aged Dig-
nity, and that good correfpondcncie towards my dear Ally and your
good friend now aibroad, as no inconveniencte may grow that way.
Thus have Lplaid the ignorant Statefman, which I do to no body but
your Lordftip, except I do it to the Queen fornetimes when (he trains
me on. But your Lordftiip will accept my duty and good meaning, and
fecure ine touching the priyatenefs of that I write.
Tour Lordfiips to be commanded,
*\j Wr*$^, !'}>/ 9}Tflu3t;b MO '":;^;; >. ,-.;:>,, -A V'
n't /,: FK. BACON.
i/j br;.5 i
,
Sir Francis Bacon to the Earl of EfTex, concerning the
E*rl 0/ Tyrone.
THofc advertifements which your Lordfhip imparted to me, and the
like, I hold to be no more certain to make judgment upon, then a
Patients water to a Phyfitian : Therefore for me upon one water to
make a judgment-, were indeed like a fooliCh bold Mountebank or Doctor
Birkft. Yet for witling duties fake , I will fet down to your Lordfliip
what opinion fprung in my mind upon that 1 read. The Letter from the
Councel there leaning to diftruft, I do not much rely upon for three
caufes. Firft, becaufe it is always both the grace, and the fafcty from
blame of fuch a Councel, to erre in caution : whereunto add.that it may
l>e they or fome of them are not without envy towards the pesfon who
G 2 *
44 Sir Francis Bacon to t&e Earl of EflTcx
is ufed in treating the Accord. Next, becaufe the time of thrs Treaty ^
hath no (hew of diflimulation , for that Tyrone is now in no (trails,'
but like a Gamefter that will give over becaufe he is a winner, not
becaufe he hath no more mony in his purfe.
Laftly, I do not fee but thofe Articles whereupon they ground their
fufpition, may as well proceed out of fear as out of falftiood for the re-
teining of the dependance of the protracting the admifsion of a Sheriffe,
the refufing to give his fon for hoftage, the holding from prefent re-
pair to Z>#50,me refufing to go prefently to accord without including
O Darteffsmd others his aflociates, may very well come of a guilty refer-
vation, in cafe he fhould receive hard meafu re, and not out of treachery,
foasif the great perfon be faithful!, and that you have not here Tome
prefent intelligence of prefent luccours from Spain, for the expectation
whereof Tyrone would win time. I fee no deep caufeof diftrufting the
caufe if it be good. And for the queftion, her Majefty feemeth to me a
winner three ways .- Firft, her purfe (hall have reft: Next, it will di-
vert theforeign defignes upon that place. Thirdly, though her Majefty
is like for a rime to govern P'recario in the North, and be not in true
command in better ftate there then before, yet befides the two refpedh
iofeafe of charge, and advantage of opinion abroad before mentioned,
(he (hall nave a time to ufe her Princely policy in two points : In the one
to weaken by divifion and difunion of the heads ; the other by recove-
ring and winning the people by juftice, which of all other caufes is the
t>cft. Now for the Athenian queftion you difcourfe well, }uid igitnr
agctrdum eft, I wiH"(hoot my fools bolt, fince you will have it fo. The
Earle of OrmonA to be encouraged and comforted above all things, the .
Garrifons to be inftantly provided for : For opportunity makes a thief^
and if he fhould mean never fo well now . yet fuch an advantage as the
breatin^of her Mai jetties Garrifons, might tempt a true man. And be-
caufe he may as well wavee upon his own inconftaney as upon occafion,
and wont of variablenefs is never reftrained but with fear, I hold it ne-
ceffary he be menaced with a ftrong war, not by words, but by Mufters
and preparations of forces here, in cafe the Accord proceed not; but
none to befent over left it difturb the Treaty, and make him look to be
over-run as foonas he hath laid down Arms. And but that your Lord-
(hip is too eafie to pafle in ftich cafes from difsimulatien to verity , I
think if your Lordlhip lent your reputation in this cafe, it is to pretend
that if not a defenfive war as in times paft, but a full reconqueft of thofe
parts of theCountrey be refolved on, you would accept the charge, I
think it would help to fettle him, and win you a great deal of honor
gratis. And that which rnoftproperly concerneth thisadion,ifit prove
emcerning the EarltfTyronc. 45
at peace , I think her majefty fhall do well to cure the root of the i 4it
'eafe and to profefs by a commifsion of peaceable men chiefly ot reipect
and countenance, and reformation of abufes, extortions and injuftices
there, and to plant a ftronger and furer government then heretofore f
the eafe and protection of the fubjeft j for the removing of the fword or
government in Arms from theEarleoftfm-W, or the fending of a De-
puty which will ecdipfe it if peace follow,! think unfeafonable. Laftly I
hold ftill my opinion, both for your better information, and your fullei
declaration of your care, and medling and meriting fervice, that your
Lordrtiip have a fet conference with the perfons I named in my t<
writing. I reft, r .
At your Lordjlnfs fervice
FR. BACON.
Another to tht E*rl before his going to Ireland.
MY fineular good Lord, your note of my filcnce in your occafions
hath made me fefcdown thefe few wandring lines as one thac
would fay fomwhat and can fay nothing touching your Lordrtiips inten-
ded charge for Ireland* which my endeavour I know your Lordlhtp
will accept gracioufly and well, whether your Lprdfhip take it by the
handle of th'occafion minitired from your felt or of th affedion
from which it proceedeth , your Lordftiip is defigned to a fervice
of great merit and great perill ; and as the greatnefs of the pen muft
needs include no fmall confequence of perill if it be not temperately go-
verned : for all immoderate fucceffe extinguifheth mer.t, and feareth up
diftafte and envy , the aflured fore-runner of whole changes of peril. But
lamatthelaftpointtirft, fome good fpirit leading my pen to prcfage
to your Lordihips fuccefs : wherein it is true, I am not without my Ora-
cle and Divinations, none of them fuperftitious, and yet not all naturall :
For firft, looking into the courfe of Gods providence in things now de-
pending, and calling into confideration how great things God hath done
by her Majefty, and for her colled he hath difpofed of this great difTe-
dion in Ireland, whereby to give an urgent occafion to the reduftion of
that whole kingdom, as upon the rebellion of Defmond there enfued the
re<ludion of that Province. Next, your Lordflup, goeth againft three
q& Another to tht Evl jf Eflfex
of the unluckieft vices of all othcr 5 Difloyalty,Ingratitude,& Infofolencr.
which three offences in all examples have feldome their doom adjourned
to the world to come Lattly, he that ftiall have had the honor to know
your Lordfhip inwardly, as I have had, ihall rind hc*A extra^ whereby he
may better ground a divination of good, then upon the difle&ion of a
Sacrifice. But that part I leave ; for it is fit for others to be confident
upon you, & you to be confident upon the caufejthe goodnefle & jultice
whereof is fach, as can hardly be matched in any example , it being no
ambitious war of Foreigns , but a recovery of fubjeds, and that af-
ter lenity of conditions often tried; and a recovery of them not onely to
obedience, but to humanity and policy from mere then Indian Barba-
rifm. There is yet another kind of divination familiar in matters of
State, being that which Demofthenes fo often relieth upon in his time,
where he faith , That which for the time paft is worft of all, is for the
time to come the beft , which is, that things go ill, not by accident , but
by error -, wherein if y our Lordflhip have been a waking Cenfor, but
muft look for no other now Imt Medice cur A teipfttm: And although
your Lordihip fhal not be the blefied Phyfician that cotneth to the decli-
nation of the difeafe , yet you itnbracc that condition'which many No-
ble Spirits have accepted for advantage , which is, that you go ir t )on
the greater peril! of your fortune, and the lefs of your reputation ; and
fo the honor countervailed the adventure : of which honor your Lord-
fhip is in no fmall poflefsion, when that her M^jefty known to be one of
the moft judicious Princes in difcerning of fpirits, that ever governed,
hath made choyce of you meerly out of her Royall judgement (her
affcftion inclining rather to continue your attendance)into whofe hands
& truft to put the commandement & condud of fo great forces, the ga-
thering in the fruit of fo great charge, the execution of fo many Coun-
cels,the redeeming of the defaults of fo many former Governors,and the
clearing of the glory of fo many happy years reign onely in this part
excepted. Nay further, how far forth the perill of that State is interla-
ced with the perill of England ; and therefore how great the honor is
to keep and defend the approaches of this kingdom, I hear many dif-
courfe? and indeed there is a great difference whe:her the Tortoife gather
: her felfe into her fhell hurt or unhurt : And if any man be of opinion,
that the nature of an enemy doth extenuate the honour of a fervice, be-
ing but a Rebell and a Savage, I differ from him j for I fee the jufteft
Triumphs that the Romans in their greateft greatnefs did obtain,and that
whereof the Em perouw in their ftilcs took additions and denominations,
were of fuch an enemy, that is, people barbarous and not reduced to ci-
vility, magnifying a kind of lawlefs liberty , prodigall of life, hardned
in
bcfwt his going to Ijrciand. 47
in body, fortified in woods and bogs, placing both juftice and felicity in
the (harpnefs of their fwords. Such were the Germans and ancient far*"
M;.r,and divers others, tlpon which kind of people whether the victorY
be a Conqueft, or a Reconqueft upon a rebellion or revolt, it made n
difference that ever I could find in honour. And therefore it is not th e
inriching predatory war that hath the preheminence in honour ; el
Ihould it be more honour to bring in a Carrock of rich burthen, then
one of the twelve Spanifh Apoftles. But then this nature of people doth
yield a higher point of honour (confidering in truth and fubftance) then
any war can yield which (hould be atchieved againft a civil enemy, if the
end may be Paciq; imponere morem, To replant and refound the politic
of that Nation, to which nothing is wanting but a juft and civil Go-
vernment. Which defign as it doth defcend to you from your noble
Father, who loft his life in that action , though he paid tribute to
nature, and not to fortune j fo I hope your Lordfhip (hall be as fatal a
Captain to this war, as Africanus was to the war of Carthage, after
that both his Uncle and his Father had loft their lives in Spain in the
fame war.
Now although it be true, that thefe things which I have writ ( being,
but reprefentations unto your Lordfhip of the honour and apparance of
fuccefsoftheenterprife) be not much to the purpofe of my direction,
yet it is that which is belt to me being no man of war, and ignorant in
the particulars ofEftate: for a man may by the eye fet up the white
right in the midft of the But, though he be no Archer. Therefore I will
only add this wifli, according to the Englifh phrafe, which termeth a
wel-willing advice a wifh, That your Lordfhip in this whole action look-
ing forward fet down this Pofition, That merit is worthier then fame ;
and looking back hither would remember this text , That obedience is
better then facrifice. For defigning to fame and glory, may make your
Lordfhip in the adventure of your perfon to be valiant as a private Soul-
dier rather then as a General 1 ; it may make you in your commandment*
rather to be gracious then difciplinary ; it may make you prefs action in
the refpect of the great expectation conceived, rather haftily then fea-
fonably and fafely ; it may make you feek rather to atchieve the war by
force, then by intermixture of practice ; it may make you ( if God (hall
fend you profperous beginnings) rather feek the fruition of that honour
then the perfection of the work in hand And for your proceeding like
a good Proteftant ( upon warrant, and not upon good intention ) your
Lordfhip knoweth in your wifdom, that as it is mofl fit for you to defire
convenient liberty of inftruction , fo it is no lefs fit for you to obferve
die due limits of them, remcmbring that the exceeding of them may not
only
7 ^
bis enUrgeme tt.
N f r J f_ -.
48 Another to the Earl After ,
only procure ( in cafe of adverfe accident ) a dangerous tafadvow, hot
alfo (in cafe of profperous fuccefs) be fubjed to interpretation , as if aji
were not referred to the right end.
Thus I have pre&med to write thefe few lines to your LorcUhip in
methodo igHorMtti*, which is, when a anan fpeaketh of any fubjed not
according to the parts of the matter, but according to the model of his
own knowledge. And moft humbly defire your Lord(hip,that the weak-
nefs thereof may be fupplied in yourLoirdfhip by a benign acceptation,
as it is in me by my beft wilhing.
FR. BACON.
Another to him after his enlargement.
My Lord,
NO man can expound my doings more then your Lordfhip, which
makes me need to fay the lefs, only I humbly pray you to believe
that I afpire to the confcience and commendation of Bonus Civis and
Sonus Vir^ and that I love fome things better I confefs then I love your
Lordfhip ; yet I love few perfons better, both for gratitudes fake and
for vertues, which cannot hurt but by accident. Of which my good af-
fection it may pleafe your Lordftiip toaffureyour felfofallthe true
erTeds and offices that I can yield : for as I was ever forry your Lord-
ftiip fhould flic with many wings, doubting Icarus fortune ; fo for the
growing up of your own feathers, be they Oftridges or other kind, no
man (hall be more glad ; and this is the Axel-tree, whereupon I have
turned and (hall turn. Which having already fignified unto you by fome
neer means, having fo fit a MefTenger for mine own Letter , I thought
good to redouble alfo by writing. And fo I commend you to Gods pro-
tection. From Grayes Inne, &c.
FR. BACON.
Sir Francis Bacon to Sir Robert Cecil after defeat of the
Spaniards in Ireland.
It may fleAfejour Honour,
A S one that wifheth you all increafe of Honour , and as one that
JL\ cannot leave to love the State, what intcrett foever I have, or may
come
. Bacon ^5/>Rjo. Cecil. 4?
come to Uve in it, and as one chat now this dead Vacation time have
, fome leifure ad alittd agend. I will prefume to propound unto you tliac
which though you cannet but fee, yet I know not whether you appre-
hend and efteem it in fo high a degree, that is, for the beft ad ion of im-
portation to your felf, of found honour and merit of her Majefty and
this Crown, without ventofity or popularity , that the riches of any
occafion> or the tide of any opportunity can poilibly minifter or offer.
And that is the Caufes oSlreffVut, if they be taken by the right handle :
For if the wound be not ripped up again,and come to a fettered fenfe by
new foreign fuccours, I think that no Phyfitian will go on much with
letting blood in declinatione morbi, but witt intend to purge and corro-
borate. To which purpofe I fend you mine opinion without labour of
words in the inclofed ; and fure I am that if you fhall enter into the
matter according to the vivacity of your own fpirit, nothing can make
unto you a more gainfull return : For you fhall make the Queens fe-
licity compleat , which now as it is incomparable : and for your felf,
you (hall make your felf as good a Patriots you are thought Politique;
and to have no Jefs generous ends, then dexterous delivery of your felf
towards your ends ; and #s well to. have true arts and grounds of go-
vernment, as the facility and felicity of praclice and negotiation ; and to
be as well feen in the periods and tides of ettates, as in your Apin circle
and way : then the which I fuppofe nothing can be a better aocution and
accumulation of honour unto you.
This I hope I may in privatenefs write, either as a Kinfman that may
be bolder, or as a Scholar that hath liberty of difcourfe without com-
mitting of any abfurdity. If not, I pray your Honour to believe I ever
Iove4 her Majefty and the State, and now love your felf; and there is
never any vehement love without fome abfurdity, as the Spaniard well
faith, De fturio con la calentura. So deiiring your Honours pardon, I
ever continue, &c.
FR. BACON.
a$y* -i '; -.'o r.* - '
Cwfiderations touching the Queens f twice in Ireland,
by Sir Francis Bacon.
THe Reduction of the Country as well to Civility and Juftice, as to
Obedience and Peace, which things as th'af&irs now ftand I hold to
be unfpeakable, confifteth in four points.
H i. The
50 Considerations touching t
1. The extinguiftiing of the Reliques of War.
2. The Recovery of the hearts of the People.
3 . The removing of the root and occalions of new troubles.
4. Plantation and buildings.
For the firft, concerning the places, times and particularities of fur-
ther profecution in fad, I leave it to the opinion of men of war, onely
the difficulty is to diftinguifti and difcern the propofitions which ftiall be
according to the ends of the State here, that is, final and fummary to-
wards the extirpation of the trouble,sfrom thofe, which though ^they
pretend the publick ends, yet may referre indeed to the more private and
compendious ends of the Cmincel there, or other particular Governors
or Captains. But ftill as I touched in my letter, I do think much let-
ting blood in declinatlone mcrbi, is againlt method of cure and that ic
will but exafperate necefsity aud defpair , and per cafe difcover the hol-
lownefs of that which is done already , which none blazeth to the beft
fhew: For Tagtaessnl piofcription of two or three of the principall
Rebels, they are, no doubt jure Gentium lawfull, in Italj ufually pradi-
fed upon the Banditi, beft in feafon when a fide goeth down, and may
do good in two kinds; the one if it take effed, the other in the di-
ftruft which followeth amongft the Rebels themfelves. But of all o-
ther points (to my underftanding) the moft erfeduall is, the well expref-
llng or impre/Gng of the defign of this State, upon that miferable and
defolate kingdonijContaining the fame between thefe two lifts or boun-
daries: the one,that the Queen feeketh not an extirpation of the people,
but a reduction ; and now that (he hath chaftifed them by Royall pow-
er and Arms, according to the neceflity of the occafion, her Majefty ta-
kethno pleafureinerTufionof blood, or difplanting of ancient genera-
tions ; the other, that her Majefties Princely care is principally and in-
tentionally bent upon that adion of Ireland ; and that (he feeketh not
fo much the eafe of charge, as the Royall performance of her Office of
Protedion,and reclaim of thofe her Sub jeds: And in a word, that" the
cafe is allowed as far as may ftand with the honor of the time paft,which
it is eaiie to reconcile, as in my laft note I (hewed. Ad again I do re-
peat, that if her Majefties defign be ex profeffo to reduce wild and barba-
rous people to civility and juftice, as well as to reduce Rebels to obedi-
dience, it maketh weaknefs true Chriftianity.,and conditions turn graces,
and fo hath a finenefs in turning utility upon point of honor of thefe
times. And befides, if her Majefty (hall fuddenly abate the lifts of her
Forces, and fhall do nothing to countervail it in the point of reputation
of a publick proceeding,! doubt things may too foon fall back into the.
#aie they were in. Next to this, adding reputation ta the caufe by
imprinting;
. J
in Ircland 5 fyS/> Francis Bacon.
imprinting an opinion of her Ma jetties care and intention upon this adi-
on, is the taking away the reputation from the contrary fide, bycu&-
ting off the opinion and expectation of foreign foccours : to which
purpofe this cnterprife of Algiers jf it hold according to the advertife-
ment , and if be not wrapped up in the period of this Summer, feemeth
to be an opportunity Cxlitus demifta. And to the fame purpofe no-
thing can be more fit then a Treaty, or a (hadow of Treaty of a Peace
with Spain, which methinks (hould be in our power to faften, at ieatl
rumcre tenus, to the deluding of as wife a people as the Iri/k. Laftly, for
this point that the Antients called pot (ft a* f aft a redettndi #d fanitatem,
and which is but a mockery when the Enemy is ftrong or proud, but
effectual in his declination; that is, a liberal Proclamation of grace and
pardon to fuch as (hall fubmit and come in within a time prefixed, and
of fome further reward to fuch as (hall bring others in, that our (word
may be (harpned againft anothers, as a matter of good experience ; and
now I think will come in time.And per cafe though I wi(h the exclufions
of fuch a Pardon exceeding few, yet it will not be fafc to continue fome
of them in their ttrength, but to tranflate them and their generation
into England, and give them recompence and fatisfaftion here for their
poflefiions there, as the King of Spain did by divers families of Portugal.
The effecting of all the which fall within the points aforefaid, and hke-
wife thofe which fall within the divifions following : Nothing can be in
priority either of time or matter precedent to the fending of fome
Commiflion of the continuance ad res infyiciendas & compcnendas. For
it muft be a very fignifkant demonstration of her Majefties care of that
Kingdom, a credence to any that (hall come in and fubmit , 2 bridle to
any that have their fortunes there, and fhall apply their propofitions to
private ends, and an evidence of her Majefties politique courfes with-
out negled or refpiration ; and it hath been the wifdome of the beft
examples of Government. Towards the recovery of hearts of the peo-
ple, there be but three things in natttra rerttm.
i- Religion. 2. Juftice and Protection. 3. Obligation and reward.
For Religion, to fpeak firtt of Piety, and then of Policie. All Divines
do agree, that if Confciences be to be inforced at all whereby they differ,
yet two things muft precede their inforcement ; th* one means of in-
formation, th'other time of operation : Neither of which they have yec
had. Befides till they be more like reafonable men then they yet are,
their fociety were rather fcandalous to true Religion then otherwife, as
pearl cart before fwine : For till they be cleanfed from their blood, in-
continencie, and iheft, and which are now not the lapfes of particular
perfons, but the very laws of the Nation, they are incompatible wich
H 2 R ? U-
7 T ' : V '
t Queers
5 2 Confederations touching the Qut
-Religion formed with Policie. There is no doubt but to wreftle with
them now,is directly oppofite to their reclaim, and cannot but continue *
their alienation of mind from this government. Befides,one of the prin-
cipal pretences whereby the heads of the Rebellion have prevailed both
with the people and the Foreigner, hath been the defence of the Ca-
tholique religion ; and it is that likewife hath made the Foreigner reci-
procally more plaufible with the Rebel. Therefore a Toleration of Re-
ligion for a time not definite, except it be in fome principal Towns and
Precinds, after the manner of fome French Edifts, feemeth to me to be
a matter warrantable by Religion, andinPolieieofabfolute neceflity ;
and the hefitation of this, I think, hath been a great calling back of the
affairs there. Neither iiany Englifti Paptft or Recufant (hall for liberty
of his conference transfer his perfon, family and fortunes thither, do I
hold it a matter of danger, but expedient to draw on undertaking, and
to further population. Neither if Rome will cozen it felf by conceiving
it may be fome degree to the like Toleration in England, do I hold it a
matter of any moment, but rather a good mean to take off the fiercenefs
and eagernefs of the humour of Rome, and to ftay further Excommuni-
cations and Interdictions of Ireland. But there would go hand in hand
with this fome courfe of advantage. Religion indeed, where the people
is capable of it, is the fending over of fome good Preachers, efpecially of
that fort which are vehement and zealous perfwaders, and not Schola-
ftieal, to be refident in the principal Towns, endowing them with fome
ftipend out of her Majefties revenues,as her Majefty hath moft religioufly
and gracioufly done in Lancashire and the recontinuing and replenifh-
ing the Colledge begun at Dublin , the placing of good men Biftiops
in the Sea there ; the taking care of the verfions of Bibles, Catechifms,
and other books of Inttrudion into the Irifh language, a,nd the like reli-
gious courfes, both for the honour of God, and for the avoiding of
frandal and infatisfadion here, by a toleration of Religion there. For
'inftance, the Barbarifm and defolation of the Country confidered, it is
not poffible they fhould find any fweetnefs at all of it, (which hath been
the error of times paft) formal and fetched far off from the State,becufe
it will require running up and down for procefs of polling and exactions
by fees,and many other delays and charges : And therefore there muft be
an interim in which the Juftice muft be only fummary,the rather becaufe
it is fit and fafe for a time the Country do participate of Martial govern-
ment. And therefore I do wifti in every principal Town or place of ha-
bitation there were a Captain or a Governour, and a Judge, fuch as Re-
corders and learned Stewards are here in Corporations, who may have
a Prerogative-Commiflion to hear and determine fwunduw- fanam di-
fcretisnem*
Jervice w Ireland, by Sir Fr. Bacon ?3
Jcretionem, and as neer as may be to the Laws and Cuftoms ofEnglanef 9
and that by Bill or Plaint without Original Writ, referring from their
ientence matter of Freehold and Inheritance to be determined before a
fuperior Judge itinerant, to be reverfed if caufe be, before the Councel
of the Province to be eftablifhed with tit Informations.
For obligation and reward , it is true no doubt which was anciently
faid, That a State is contained in two. words, Premium & Posna : And
I am perfwaded, if a penny in the pound which hath been fpent in pana,
a chaitifement of Rebels,without other fruit or emolument of this State,
had been fpent in prtmio, that in rewarding, things had never grown to
this'extremity. But to fpeak forwards : The keeping of the principal
Irifh perfons in term of contentment, and without particular complaint,
as generally the carrying of an eaven courfe between the Englifh and
the Irifli, whether it be in competition , or whether it be in controverfie,
as if they were one Nation, without the fame partial courfe which hath
been held by the Governours and Councellors, that fome have favoured
the Irifh , and fome contrary, is one of the beft medicines for that State-
And as for other points of governing their Nobility as well in this Court
as there, of Knighthood, of Education of their Children, and the like
points of comfort and allurement, they are things which fall into every
mans confideration.
For the extirpating of the feeds of troubles, I fuppofe the main roots
are but three: The firft, the ambition and abfolutenefs of the chief of
the Families and Sefts ; the fecond, the licentious jdlenefs of their Kerns
and Souldiers that lie upon their Country by fefles and fuch opprefiions;
the third, the barbarous cuftoms in habits of apparel, in thefe Poets or
Heralds that inchant tl^em in favage manners , and fundry other fuch
dregs of Barbarifm and Rebellion, which by a number of politique Sta-
tutes of Ireland meet to be put in execution are already forbidden, unto
which fuch additions may be made as the prefent time requireth. But
the reducing of this branch requireth a more particular notice of the
ftate and manners there then falls within my compafs.
For Plantations and buildings, I do find it Itrange, that in the laft plot
for the population tfMttnfter^ there were limitations how much in De-
mefnes, and how much in Farm and Tenantry, how many buildings
fhould be ereded, how many Irijh in mixture fhould be admitted ; buc
there was no reftraint that they might not buildy/wj/rw at their pleafure, ,
much lefs any condition thai they (hould make places fortified and de-
fcnfible, the which was too much lecurenefs to my understanding. So as
for this laft point of plantations and buildings , there be two confidera-
tions which I hold moft material j th* one of quickning , th' other for
alluring,
J '! - ^
54 Sir Francis Bacon to the Lord Iretfartr.
alluring : The firft is, that choyce be made of fuch perfons tor the go.
verRment of Towns and places,and fuch undertakers be procured as be '
men gracious and wel-beloved,and are like to be well followed ; wherein
for Munfter it may be becaufe it is not Res Integra , but that the for-
mer undertakers ftand interefled there, will be fome difficulty ; but fure-
ly (in mine opinion,) either with agreeing with them, or by over-ruling
them by a Parliament in Ireland ( which in this courfe of a politique pro-
ceeding, infinite occafions will require fpeedily to be held) it will be
fit to fupply fit qualified perfons for underakers. The other, that it be
not left as heretofore , to the pleafure of the undertakers and adven-
turers, where and how to build and plant , but that they do it accor-
ding to a prefcript or formality. For firft, the places both Maritine
and Inland , which are fitteft |for Colonies or Garrifon , as well for
doubt of Foreigners , as for keeping the Countrrey in bridle, would be
found furveighed and refolved upon ; and then that the Patentees be
tied to build thofe places onely , and to fordfie as (hall be thought
convenient. And laftly, it followeth of courfe in Countries of new
populations, to invite and provoke inhabitants by ample liberties and
Charters.
FR. BACON.
Sir Francis Bacon to the Lord Treasurer touching his
fpeech in Parliament.
It may p/eafejoxr goo J Lordfiip,
IWas forry to find by your Lordfhips fpeech yefterday, Mat my laft
fpeech in Parliament'delivered in difcharge of my confcience, my du-
ty to God, her Majefty, and my Countrey, was offenfive : if it were
mifreported, I would be glad to attend your Lordftup to difavow any
thing I faid not; if it were mifconftrued,! would be glad to expound my
words to exclude a nyfenfe I meant not; if my heart be mif- judged by
imputation of popularity, or oppofition, I have great wrong, and the
greater becaufe the manner of my fpeech did moft evidently (hew, that I
Ipake moft fimply, and onely to fatisfie my confcience, and not with any
advantage or policy to fway the caufe, and my terms carried all fignin-
f.cation of duty, and zeal towards her Majefty and| her fervice .It is very
true,that from the beginning,whatfoever was a double Subfidyjdid wim
n;iht for prefidents fake appear to be extraordinary, and for difeontents
fake
fe Fr
: rancis Bacon to the Earl of Northampton. 5 5
fake might not have been levied upon the ^poverty ; though otherwife
, I wifhed it as rifing as I think this will prove, or more. This was my
mind, I confefs it : and therefore I moft humbly pray your good Lord-
(hip, firft to continue me in your own good opinion, and then to per-
form the part of an honorable good friend towards your poor fervant,
and all in drawing her Majeity to accept of the fincerity and fimplicity
of my zeal, and to hold me in her Majefties favour, which is to me dearer
then my life. Andfo,c.
Your Lordfhips moft humble
in a/I dutj^
FR, BACON.
Sir Francis Bacon to the Earl of Northampton.
May itpleafe jour good Lord/hif\
AS the time of fowing of a feed is known, but the time of coming up
and difdoiing is cafuall, or according to the feafon; fol am wit-
nefs to my felf, that there hath been covered in my mind a long time, a
feed of affeftion and zeal towards your Lordfhip, fown by the eftimati-
on of y our vertues^and your particular honors and favours to my bro~
ther deceafed, and to my felf; which feed fti 1 fpringing now burfteth
forth into this profeffion. And to be plain with your Lordfhip, it is very
true, and no winds or noyfes of evill matters can blow this out of my
head or heart, that your great capacities and love towards ftudies and
contemplations of an higher and worthier nature then popular, a matter
rare in the world, & in a perfon of your Lordfhips quality almolt fingu-
lar,isto me a great and chief motive to draw my affedion & admiration
towards you : and therefore , good my Lord, if I may be of any ufe to
your Lordfhip, I humbly pray your Lordftiip to 'hold me your own :
and therefore withall, not to do fo much difadvantage to my good mind,
as to conceive that this commendation of my humble lervice proceedeth
out of any ftraits of my occafions; but meerly out of an election, and in-
deed the fulnefs of my heart. And fo wilhing your Lordfhip all profpe*
rity, I continue yours, &c.
BACONv
\
Sir Fr. Bacon to the liKiniofs.
To the Lord Kinlofs, ufoa the e&trance of K. James.
y Lord,
amity and mutual good offices which pafled between my Brother
deceafed and your Lordfhip, whereunto I was lefs itrange then in refpect
THe prefent occasion awaketh in me a remembrance of the contlant
amity
afed ana y<
of the time I had reafon to pretend ; and withall I call to mind the great
opinion my Brother (who feldom failed in judgment of a perfon) would
often exprefs to me of your Lordlhips great wifdom and foundnefs both
in head and heart towards the fervice and affairs of the Lord our Sove-
raign King. The one of thofe hath bred in me an election, and the other
a confidence to addrefs my good will and fincere affection to your good
Lordfhip, not doubting in regard that my courfe of life hath wrought
me not to be altogether unfeen in the matters of the Kingdom, that I
may be in fome ufe both in points of fervke to the King and your Lord-
fhips particular : And on the other fide I will not omit to defire humbly
your Lordfhips favour in furthering a good conceit and imprefiion of
my moft hujnble duty and true zeal towards the King, to whofe Majefty
words cannot make me known, neither mine own nor others, but time
will to no difad vantage of any that (hall forerun his Majefties experience
by their humanity and commendations. And fo I commend your Lord-
dip to Gods protection. Tour &c.
From Grajes-Inne, &c. F R. B A C O N.
To King James.
MAy it pleafe your moft excellent Majefty : It is obferved upon a
place in the Canticles by fome, Ego fum Flos Carnal & Lilium
ConvAllium ; that it is not faid, Ego fum flos bortl & lilium montittm :
becaufe the Majefty of that Perfon is not mclofed for a few, nor appro-
priate to the great. And yet notwithftanding this Royal vertue of ac-
cefs, which nature and judgment hath placed in your Majefties mind as
tiie portal of all the reft, could not of it felf ( my imperfediens con-
fidered)
"T"
Sir Franti$ Bacon fa King James. 57
fidered ) have animated me to have made oblation of my felf imme-
diately to your Majefty, had it not been joyned to a habit of like lt-
berty wfek-hl<fljeyed with my late dear Sovereign Miftrefs, a Prtncefs
happy in all things, but moft nappy in fuch a Succeflbr. And yet fur-
ther and more neerly I was not a litde encouraged, not only upon a
fuppofal that iinto your Majefties fa cred cares (open to the aireofall
venues ) there might have come fome fmall breath of the good memory
of my Father, fo long a principal Councellor in your Kingdom, but
alfo by the particular knowledge of the infinite devotion and inceffant
endeavours beyond the ftrength of his body, and the nature of the times,
which appeared in my good Brother towards your Ma jetties fervicc,
and were on your Majefties part through your fingular benignities by
many moft gracious and lively fignifications and favours accepted and
acknowledged, beyond the thought of any thing he could effect : All
which endeavours and duties for the moft part were common to my felf
with him, though by delign between brethren difTembled. And there-
fore , moft high and mighty King , my moft dear and dread Soveraign
Lord, fince now the corner-ftone is laid of the mightieft Monarchy in
Europe, and that God above, who is noted to have a mighty hand in
bridling the floods and fluftuationsofthefeas, and of peoples hearts,
hath by the miraculous and univerfal confent ( the more ftrange , bc-
caufe it proceeded) from fuch diverfity of caufes ) in your coming in,
given a fign and token what he iritcndeth in the continuance ; I think
there is no Subject of your Majefty, who loveth this Ifland, and is not
hollow and unworthy , whofe heart is not on fire not only to bring you
Peace-ofTerings to make you propitious, but to facrifice himfelf as a
Burnt-offering to your Majefties fervice: Amongft which number no
mans fire ftiall be more pure and fervent ; but how far forth it (hall
blaze out, that refteth in your Majefties imployment. For fince your
fortune, in the greatnefs thereof, hath for a time debarred your Majefty
of the fruitly vertue which one calleth the principal , ( 'Princip^ eft
virtus maxima nofefttos) becaufe your Majefty hath many of yours
which are unknown unto you, Imuft leave all to the trial of further
time ; and thirfting after the happinefs of kiffing your Royal hand,
continue ever
Tour &c.
FR BACON-
\
Sir Fr. Bacon to the E*rl of Northumlr land.
Tothc Earl of Northumberland, cwcernifig* Prt-
upotf the Kings entry.
It may ple*fejour Lordfiip t
| Do hold it a thing formal and neceflary for the King to forerun hit
* coming , be it never fo fpeedy r with fome gracious Declaration for
the cherifhing t entertaining , and preparing ofmens arTedions. For
which purpofe I have conceived a draught , it being a thing to me fa-
miliar in my Miftrefs her times to have my pen ufed in politique writings
f fatisfadion. The ufe of this may be in two forts : Firii properly, if
your Lordfhip think convenient to (hew the King any fuch draught,
becaufe the veins and pulfesofthis State cannot but be known here ;
which if your Lordfhip (hould, then I would defire your Lordfhip to
withdraw my name, and only fignifie that you gave fomc heads of di-
redion of fuch a matter to one of whofc ftile and pen you had fome opi-
nion. The other collateral, that though your Lordftiip make no other
ufe of it, yet it is a kind of pourtraidureofthat which I think worthy
to be advifed to the King, toexprefs himfelf according to thofe points
which are therein conceived, and perhaps more compendious and figni-
ficant then if I had fet them down in Articles. I would have attended
your Lordfhip, but for fome little Phyfick I took. To morrow morning
1 will wait on you. So I ever continue, cr.
FR BACOR
To the Earl *f Southampton
I
It may pfeafejott
Would hare been very glad to have prefented my humble fervicc to
your Lordfhip by my attendance , if 1 could Jiave forefeen that it
(hould not have been unpleafing unto you." And therefore be-
AAV/UIU UVSk. ftttl T V L'VVIA H i 1 1 ' t \- II * 1 A ii_ UiHV/ J V W -
f aufe I would commit no error, I chofe to write , afTuring your Loi d-
fhip how credible foever, yet it is as true as a thing that God knowech,
iliac this great change in me hath wrought no other change towards
jour Lordfhip then this, chat I may Ijkfely be now that which I was truly
before:
_
Jgii* tut fa E4rl< of Northumberland . 59
before : And fo craving no otker pardon then for troubling you wick
Ais letter, I de not nw begin to be, but continue to be
Tour LorAfiips moft humble and devoted,
FR. BACON.
7> the Ear I tj Northumberland.
It may fteafejour
I Would not have loft this journey, and yet I have not that / went
for : For I have had no private conference to purpofe with the
King, no more hath aim oft any other Entity ; for the fpeech his
Majefty admitteth with fome Noblemen, is rather matter of grace then
matter of bufmefle: with the Attorney he fpake,urged by theTreafurer
of Scotland^ no more then needs muft. After I had received his Ma-
jefties firft welcome, and was promifed private acceflfe, yet not knowing
what matter of fervice your Lord(hip carried, for I faw it not,and know-
ing that privinefs in advertifement is much,I chofe rather to deliver it to
Sir Thomat Hosklns then to let it cool in my hands , upon expecta-
tion of acceffe. Your Lordlhip (hall find a Prince the furtheft from vain-
glory that may be, and rather like a Prince of the ancient form then of
the latter time ; his fpeeches fwift an curfory, and in the full Dialed
of his Nation, and in fpeeeh of bufmefle (hort, in fpeech of dif-
courfe large : he affetfeth popularity by gracing them that are popular,
and not by any fafhions of his own j he is thought fomewhat gener&ll in
his favours; and his vertue of accefie is rather bccaufe he is much abroad,
and in prefle, then that he giveth eafie audience : he hafteneth to a mix-
ture of both kingdoms and nations, fafter perhaps then policy will well
bear. I tojd yonr Lordihip once before my opinion , that metbought
his Majefty rather asked counfell of the time paft, then of the time to
come. But it is yet early to be found in any fetled opinion. For other
particularities I refer to conference, having in thefe generals gone fur-
ther in thefe tender arguments then I would have done,were not the bea-
rer hereof fo affured. So I continue your, &c.
FR. BACON.
I 2 To
sir Francis Bacon to Sir Edw.Colc.
to Sir Edward Coke
Mr. Attorney,
J Thought beft once for all to let you know in plainncfs what I find of
*you,and what you (hal find of me To take to your felf a liberty to dif-
grace and difable my Law, experience, difcretion : what it plcafes you,
I pray think of me. I am one that know both mine own wants and other
mens, and it may be perchance that mine may mend when others ftand
at a ftay : And furely I may not in publike place endure to be wronged,
without repelling the fame to my beft advantage to right myfelf.You are
great, and therefore have the more enviers, which would be glad to have
you paid at anothers coft. Since the time I miffed the Solicitors place,
the rather I think by your means, I cannot exped that you and I (halt
ever ferve as Attorney and Solicitor j but either to fervc with another
upon your remove, or to ftcp into fome other courfe. So as I am more
free then ever I was from any occafion of unworthy conforming my felf
to you, more then generall good manners,or your particular good ufage
(hall provoke : And if you had not been (hort-Iightcd in your own for-
tune (as I think) you might have had more ufe of me j but that tide is
paft. I write not this to (hew any friends what a brave Letter I have
writ to Mr .Attorney, I have none of thofe humours : but that I have
written is to a good end, that is, to the more decent carriage of my
Mafters fervice, and to our particular better underftanding one another.
This Letter, ifitlhallbeanfwered by you indeed, and not in word,
1 (Juppofe it will not be worfe for us both ; elfe it is but a few lines loft,
which for a much fmaller matter I would, adventure. So this being to
your felf, I for my part reifc Tour &c.
FR. BACON.
*To the fame after L. Chief $*ficc y t*d in difgrtcc.
Jtfj very, good Lord,
T Hough it be true, that who confidereth the wind and the rain; (hal
neither fow nor reap, Ecdef&il . yet there is a feafon for every
action : And fo there is a time tQ fpeak r and a time to keep filence j there
is
^^^^ Sir Francis Bacon to Sir Ed w. Cote. 6t
is a time when the words of a poor fimple man may profit *. and that
poor man in the Preacher which delivered the City by his wifdom,
found, that without this opportunity, the power both of wifdom and
eloquence lofe but their labour , and cannot charm the deaf Adder.
God therefore, before his Son that bringeth mercy, fenc his fervant the
Trumpeter of repentance to level a very high hill, to prepare the way
before him,making it fmooth and ftreight. And as it is in fpiritual things,
where Chrift never comes before his Way-maker hath laid even the
heart with forrow and repentance , fince felf-conceited and proud per-
fbns think themfelvcs too good and too wife to learn of their inferior,
and therefore need not the Phyfttian : fo in the rules of earthly wifdom
it is not poffible for nature to attain any mediocrity of perfection, before
(he be humbled by knowing her felf and her own ignorance. Not only
knowledge, but alfo every other gift (which we call the gifts of fortui e)
have power to pull up earthly Afflictions only level thefe Mole-
hils of pride, plough the heart, and make it fit for Wifdom to fow her
feed, and for Grace to bring forth her increafe. Happy is that man
therefore both in regard of heavenly and earthly wifdom, that is thus
wounded, to be cured ; thus broken, to be made itraight \ thus made
acquainted with his own imperfections , that he may be per-
fected.
Suppofing this to be the time of your afflidion, that which I have
propounded to my felf is, by taking this feafonable advantage, like a
true friend ( though far unworthy to be counted fo ) to (hew you your
true fhape in a glafs, and that not in a falfe one to flatter you, nor yet
in one that fhould make you feem worfe then you are, and fo offend
you, but in one made by the reflexion of your own words and actions,
from whofe light proceeds the voice of the people, which is often not
unfitly called the voice of God : but therein (dree I purpofed a truth)
I muft intreat liberty to be plain,, a liberty that at this time I know not
whether or no I may ufc fafely, I am fure at other times I could not :
yet of this refolve your felf, it proceedeth from love, and a true defire to
do you good, that you knowing the generall opinion, may not altoge-
ther negled or contemn it, but mend what you find aniifs in yourfelf,and
tain what your judgment (hall approve ; for to this end (hall truth be
delivered as naked as if your felf were to be anatomiied by the hand of
opinion. All men can fee their own profit , that part of the wallet
hangs before. A true friend ( whofe worthy office I would perform,
fince I fear both your felf and all great men want fuch, being themfelves
true friends to few or none) is firft to (hew the other, and which is from
your eyes.
6^ Sir Ff . Bacon tt Sir Edw.Ookc.
. Firft therefore behold your errors : In difcourfe you delight to fpeak
too much, not to hear other men; this fome fay becomes a pleader, not a
Judge: for by this fometimes your arfedions are intangled with a love
of your own arguments though they be the weaker , and rejecting of
thofe which when your affections were fetled,your own judgment would
allow for ftrongeft. Thus while you fpeak in your own Element, the
Law, no man ordinarily equals you ; but when you wander, (as you of-
ten delight to do) you then wander indeed, and give never fuch fatisfa-
ftion as the curious time requires. This is not caufed by any naturall
defect, but firft for want ofr election, when you having a large and fruit-
full mind, flionld not fo much labour what to fpeak, as to rind what to
leave unfpoken ; rich foils are often to be weeded.
Sccondly,you cloy your auditory when you would be obferved,fpecch
mutt either be fweet or fhort.
Thirdly, you converfe with Books, not men, and Books fpecially hu-
mane,and have no excellent choyce with men, who are the beft Books:
for a man of adion and imployment you feldomc converfe with , and
then but with your underlings, not freely, but as a Schoolmafter with
his Scholars,ever to teach, never to learn. But if fomtimes you would
in your familiar difcourfe hear others,and make elcdion of fuch as know
what they fpeak, you fhould know many of thefe tales you tell to be but
ordinary, and many other things which you delight to repeat and ferve
in for novelties, to be but ftale. As in your pleadings you were wont to
infult over mifery,andto inveigh bitterly at the perfons (which bred you
many enemies whofe poyfon yet fwelleth,and the effeds now appear) fo
are you (till wont to be a little carelefs in this point to praife or difgrace
upon flight grounds, and that fometimes untruly, fo that your reproofs
or commendations are for the moft part negleded and contemned;
when the cenfure of a Judge (coming flow,but furej fhould be a brand
to the guilty, and a crown to the vertuous. You will jeft at any man in
publujue.without refpeft of the perfons dignity or your own. This dif-
graceih your gravity more then it can advance the opinion of your wit,
and fo do all actions which we fee you do diredly with a touch of vain-
glory,having no rcfpeft to the true end. You make the Law to lean too
much to your opinion, whereby you fhew your felf to be a legall Ty-
rant, ftriking with thae weapon where you pleafe,fince you arc able to
turn the edge any way. For thus the wife Matter of the Law gives warn-
i ig to young Students, that they fhould be wary left while they hope to
b? infiruded by your integrity and knowledge, they fhould be deceived
xvjth your skill armed with authority. Your too much love of the world
is too much fcen, whn having the living of i coco/, you relieve few
or
Sir Fr. Bacon to Sir Ed w. Cole. ^3
or none. The hand that hath taken fo much, can it give fo Ride > Herein
' you (hew no bowels of companion, as if you thought all too little for
your felf ; or that God had given you all that you have (if you dunk
wealth to be his gift, I mean that you get well, for I know fure the reft
is not ) only to that end you (hould ftill gather more, and never be fa-
tisfied but try how much you could gather to accompt for all at the
great and generall Audit-day. We defire you to amend this, and let
your poor Tenants in Norfolk, bnt fome comfort, where nothing of
your eftate is fpent towards their relief, but all brought up hither to tho
impoverifhing of your Country. .
In your laft, which might have been your beft peece of fer vice to the
State affeftioned to follow that old rule which giveth Juftice leaden
heels 'and iron hand*, you ufed too many delayes, till the Delinquents
hands were loofed, and yours bound. In that work you feemed another
Fabtffs here the humour of Marcellns would have done better : Wnac
needed' you have fought more evidences then enough ? While you pre-
tended the finding out of more, ( miffing your aim ) you difcredued
what you had found. This beft Judgments think, though you never
ufedfuchfpeechesasare fathered upon you, yet you might well have
done it and but rightly: For this crime was fecond to noac but the
Powder-plot: That would have blown up all at one blow, a merciful]
cruelty -this would have done the fame by degrees-, a hngnng but a
fure way : one might by one be called out, till alloppofcrs had been
removed. Befides, that other Plot was feandalous to Rome, making
Popery odious in the fight of the whole world : This hath been fcanda-
lotiS to the truth of the whole Gofpel, and fince the firft nullity to this
taftant when Juftiee hath her hands bound, the Devil could not have
invented a more mifchievous praftice to our State and Church then cln-s
hath been, is, and is like to be. God avert the evil.
But herein you committed another fault, that you were too open in
your proceedings , and fo taught them whereby to defend themleves;
fo you gave them time to undermine Juftice, and to work upon all ad-
vantanes both of affedions and honor, and opportunity, and breach ot
friendship: which they have fowel followed, fparmg neither pains nor
colt, that it almoft feemeth an offence in you to have done fo much in-
deed then that you have done no more:you ftp* the confeffions & accu-
fationsof fome, who perhaps had they been fuffered, would have ipo-
kencnounhtohave removed fome {tumbling-blocks out of your way:
and that you did not this in the favour of any one but of I know not
what prelent unadvifed humours, fuppofing enough behind to difcover
ill which fel not ouc fo. Howfoeveiy s die Apottle faith in another caie-,
#4 Sir Francis Bacon t* Sir Edw.Coke.
you went not rightly to the truth, and therefore though you were to be
commended for what you did,yet you were to be reprehended for many
circumftances in the doing ; and doubtlefs God hath an eye in this crofs
to your negligence , and the briers are left to be pricks in your fides, and
thorns in your eyes. But that which we commend you for, are thofc ex-
cellent parts of Nature, and knowledge in the Law , which you are in-
dued withall ; but thefe are only good in their good ufe : wherefore we
thank you heartily for ftanding ftoutly in the Commonwealths behalfe,
hoping it proceedeth not from a dilpofition to oppofe Greatnefs (as
your enemies fayj but to do juftice, and deliver truth indifferently with-
out refpeft of perfons ; and in this we pray for your profperity,and are
forry that your good actions (hould not always fucceed happily. But in
the carriage of this you were faulty , for you took it in hand in an evill
time, both in refped of the prefentbufinefs which it interrupted, and in
regard of his prefent ficknefs whom it concerned , whereby you difun:-
ted your ftrength,and made a gap for the enemies to pafs out at, and to
return and affault you.
But now, fince the cafe fo ftandeth,we defire you to give way to pow-
er, and fo to fight that you be not utterly broken, but referved intirely
to ferve the Commonwealth again, and do what good you can,fince you
cannot do all the good you would ; and fince you are fallen upon this
work, caft out the goods to fave the bottom , ftop the leaks and make
towards land, learn of the Steward to make friends of the unrighteous
Mammon. Thofe Spaniards in Mexico who were chafed of the Indi-
*nf, tell us what to do wich our goods in our extremities, they being to
pafle over a rv.-r in their flight , as many as cart away their gold fwam
over fife ; but fome more covetous , keeping their gold , were either
drowned wich ir, or overtaken and (lain by the Savages: you have re-
ceived now learn to give. The Beaver learns us this lefTon , who being
hunted for his ftones, bites them off : You cannot but have much of
your eftate (pardon my plainneffej ill got, think how much of that you
never fpake for,how much by fpeaking unjuftly or in unjuft caufes. Ac-
count it then a bleiiing of God if thus it may be laid out for your good,
and not left for your heir to haften the wafting of much of the reft, per-
haps of all; f or" fo we fee God oftentimes proceeds in judgement with
many hafty gatherers : you have enough to fpare, being well laid,to turn
the fide, and fetch all things again. But if you efcape (I fuppofe it wor-
thy of an if) fince you know the old ufe , that none called in queftion
muft go away uncenfured ; yet confider that accufations make wounds,
and leave fcarres; and though you fee your tale behind your back, your
f elf free, and the Covert before, yet remember there arc ftands, truft not
reconciled
Sir Francis Bacon 'to Sir Ed w. Coke, 6 >
reconciled enemies, but think the peace is but to fecure you for further
advantage, cxped a feeond and a third encounter, the main battell, the
wings are yet unbroken, they may charge you at an inftant,or death be-
fore them : walk therefore circumfpediy; and if at length by means of
our good endeavours and yours, you recover the favour that you have
loft . give God the glory in aclion, not in words onely , and remember
us with fenfe of your pail misfortune, whofe eftatc hath, doth, and may
hereafter lye in the power of your breath. There is a great mercy in
difpatch, delays are tortures wherewith we are by degrees rent out ot'
oureftates.- do not you (if you be reftored) as fome others do, fly from
the fervice of vertue to ferve the time,as if they repented their goodnete,
or meant not to make a feeond hazard in Gods Houfe ; but rather let
this crofs make you zealous in Gods caufe, fenfible in ours, and more
fenfible in all,which exprefs thus . You have been a great enemy to Pa-
pifts,if you love God, be fo ftill, but more indeed then heretofore : for
much of your zeal was heretofore waited in words : call to remembrance
that they were the pcrfons that prophefied of that crofs of yours long
before it hapned, they faw the ftorm coming, being the principal! contri-,
v'ers and furtherers of the plot , the men that blew the coals , heat the
Iron , and made all things ready, they owe you a good turn, and will,if
they can , pay it you, you fee their hearts by their deeds, prove then
your faith fo too. The beft good work you can do, is to Mo the
beft you can againft them, that is, to fee the Law feverely, juftly, and di-
ligently executed. And now we befeech you, my Lord, be fenfible both
of the ftroak,and hand that ftriketh: learn of Dxvid to leave Shirnei^nd
call upon God, he hath fome great work to do,and he prepareth you for
italic would neither have you faint, nor yet bear this crofs with a Stoical
resolution. There is a Chriftian mediocrity worthy of your greatncfs-I
muft be plain, perhaps rafh. Had fome notes which you have taken at
Sermons,been written in your heart to pradife, this work had been done
long ago, without the envy of your enemies: But when we will not
mind our felves, God (if we belong to him) takes us in hand ; and be-
caufe he feeth that we have unbridled ftomacks, therefore he fends out-
ward croffes,which while they caufe us to mourn, do comfort us , being
aflured testimonies of his love that fends them : to humble our felves
therefore before God, is the part of a Chriftian ; but for the world, and
our enemies, the counfell of the Poet is apt, Tune cede malis, fed centra
and&itior ito.
The laft part of this counfell you forget, yet none need be alham'd to
make ufe of it, that fo being armed againft cafualties, you may ftand
firm againft the aflaults on the right hand and on the left. For this is
K certain
66 Sir Fr. l&con to Sir Vincent Skinner.
certain , the mind that is moft prone to be puft up with profperky,
Hioft weak and apt to be dejeded with the leaft puff of adverfity. In-
deed (he is ftrong enough to make an able man ftagger, ftriking terrible
b!ows; but true Chriitian wifdom gives us armour of proof againft all af-
fiults,and teacheth us in alleftates to be content : for though (he caufe
our trueft friends to declare themfelves our enemies, though (he give
heart then to the moft cowardly to ftrike us, though an hours continu-
ance countervail an age of profperity, though (he caft in our difti all that
ever we have done, yet hath (he no power to hurt the humble and wife,
but onely t'o break fuch as too much profperity hath made ftiff in their
own thoughts, but weak indeed and fitted for renewing, when the wife
rather gather from thence profit and wifdom by the example of David,
whofaid, Before I wa* chaftifed^ I went [wrong. Now then , he that
kiowcth the right way, will look better to his footing. Cardan faith,That
weeping, failing, and fighing, are the chief purgers of griefes. Indeed
naturally they help to affwage forrow; but God in this cafe is the onely
and beft Phyficiar: the means he hath ordained are the advice of friends
the amendment of our felves: for amendment is both Phyfitian and Cure]
For friends, although your Lordftiipbc fcant,yetl hope you are not alto-
gether deftitute ; if you be, do but look on good books, they are true
friends, that will neither flatter nor diffemble; be you but true to your
felf, applying what they teach unto the party gtieved, and you (hall
need no other comfort nor counfell. To them, and to Gods holy Spi-
rit directing you in the reading of them, I commend your Lordftiip,
befeechinghimtofendyou a (good iflue out of thefe troubles, and
from henceforth to work a reformation in all that is amifs , and arefo-
kte perfeverance,proceeding, and growth in all that is good , and thac
for his glory, the bettering of your felf, this Church and Common-
wealth , whofe faithfull fetvant whilft you remain, I remain a faithfull
fervant to you.
To Sir Vincent Skinner, expoftulttory.
Sir Vincent Ski
T See that by your needlefs delayes this matter is grown to a new que-
J ftion : wherein for the matter it felf, if it had been ftaid at the begin-
ing by my Lord Treafurer and my Lord Chrncellor,! (hould not fo much,
have flood upon it : For the great and daily wavels which I take in his
Majeftie*
Sir Fr.Bacon to Afr.Toby Matthews. 67
Majeftics fcrvicc either are rewarded in themfelves, in that they are buc
my duty, or elfe may deferve a much greater matter. Neither can I
think amifs of any man , that in furtherance of the Kings benefit
moved the doubt,that I knew not what warrant you had : But my wrong
is, that you having had my Lord Treafurers and Mr.Chancellors war-
rant for payment above a moneth fince, you (I fay) making your pay-
ments belike upon fuch differences as are better known to your felf, then
agreeable to due refped of his Majefties fervice, have delayed all this
time, otherwife then I might have expeded either from our antient ac-
quaintance, or from that regard as one in your place may owe to one in
mine. By occafion whereof there enfucth to me a greater inconvenience,
that now my name in fort muft be in queftion amongft you, as if I were
a man likely to demand that that were unreafonablc, or to be denied that
that is reasonable : And this muft be, becaufe you can pleafurc men ac
plcafure. But this I leave with this, that it is the firft matter wherein I
had occafion to difcern of your friendfhip : which I fee to fall to this,
That whereas Mr. Chancellor the laft time, in my mans hearing, very
honourably faid that he would not difcontent any man in my place, it
feems you have no fuch caution. But my writing to you now is, to know
of you where now the ftay is, without being any more beholden to you,
to whom indeed no man ought to be beholden in thofe cafes in a right
courfe. And fo I bid you farewell,
FR. BACON.
To <Mr. Toby Matthews.
Mr. Matthews,
f> not think me forgetfiill,or altered towards you : But if I {hould
"fay I could do you any good, I (hould make my power more then
itis.^ido fear that which I am right forry for, that you grow more
impatient and bufie then at firft ; which make me exceedingly fear the
iflue of that which feemeth not to ftand at a ftay. I my felf am out of
doubt,that you have been miferably abufed when you were firft feduced;
and that which I take in compaffion, others may take in fcverity. I pray
God,that underftandsusall better then we underftand one another, con-
tinue you, as I hope he will, at leaft within the bounds of loyalty to his
Majefty, and natural piety to your Country. And I intreat you much to
meditate fometimcs upon the effed of Superftition in this laft Powder-
Trcafin, fit to be tabled and pidfcrM in the chambers of Meditation as
K 2 an-
4$ Sir Francis Bacon ti the L.Trtrfurtr.
another Hell above the ground ; and well juftifying the cenfure of the
Heathen, that Superftition if far werfe then Atheifm : by how much k is
iefs evil to have no good opinion of God at all, then fuch as arc impious
towards his divine Majefty and goodnefs. Good Mr. Matthews, receive
your felf back from thefe courfes of perdition. Willing to have written
a great deal more, I continue
Tour &c.
FR. BACON.
To the Lord Treafrrer 3 concerning the S0fli
citers place.
AFter the remembrance of my humble duty, though I know by late
experience how mindful! your Lordftiip vouchfafeth to be of me
and my poor fortune ; and fince it pleafed your Lordfhip during your
indifpofition, when her Majefty came to vifit your Lordftiip, to make
mention of me for my imployment and preferment : yet being now in
the Country, I do prefunie that your Lordftiip, who of your felf had an
honorable care of the matter,, will noc think it a trouble to be follicited
therein.My hope is this.that whereas your Lordftiip told me her Majefty
was fomwhat gravelled upon the offence (he took at my Speech in Par-
liament , your Lordftiips favourable endeavour, who hath aflured me
that for your own pare you eonftrue that I fpakc to the belt, will be as
a good tide to remove her from that (helf : And it is not unknown un-
to your good Lordftiip, that I was the firft of the ordinary fore of the
lower Houfe that fpake for the Subfidie ; and that which I after fpake
in difference, was but in eircumftance of time, which mcthinks was no
great matter, fince there is variety allowed in Councel as aDifcordin
Mufkk to make it more perfed.
But I may juftly doubt her Ma/efties impreflion upon this particular,
as her conceipt otherwife of my infufficiencie and unworthinefs : which
though I acknowledge to be great, yet it will be the Iefs, becaufe I pur-
pofe not to divide my fdf between her Majefty and: the caufcs of other
j^en, as others iiave done; but to attend her bufinefs only ; hoping that
a. whole man meanly able, may do as well as half a man better able :
Majefty tninkcth that floe (hall make an adveuture in ufmg
one
Sir Francis Baconr tttbeL. freafttrer. 6$
one that is rather a man of Rudy then of pradice and experience ,
iiircly I may remember to have heard that my Father ( an example
I confefs rather ready then like ) was made Sollicitor of the Augmen-
tation ( a Court of much bufmefs ) when he had never pra&ifed, and
was but 27 years old : And Mr- Brogravt was now in my time called
Attorney of the Dutchy, when he had praftifed little or nothing, and
yet hath difcharged his place with great fufficiencie. But thofe and the
like things are as her Majefty (hall be made capable of them : wherein
knowing what authority your Lordfhips commendations hath with her
Majefty,' J conclude with my felf that the fubftance of ftrength which
I may receive will be from your Lordftiip. It is true,, my life hath been
fo private, as I have had no means to do your Lordfhip fervice : but
yet, as your Lordfhip knoweth, I have made ofier of fuch as I could
yield. For a God hath given me a mind to love the publique, foinci-
dently I have ever had your Lordfhip in fingular admiration, whofe
happy ability her Majefty hath fo long ufed to her great honour and
yours. Befides, that amendment of ftate or countenance which I have
received hath been from your Lordfhip : And therefore if your Lordftiip
{hall ftand a good friend to your poor Ally, you (hall but ttttri opus
which you have begun j and your Lordfhip fhall beftow your be-
nefit upon one that hath more fenfe of obligation , then of felf-
love.
Thus humbly defiring pardon of fo long a Letter, I wiftv your Lord-
ftiip all happinefs-
Tour Lordfiips in all humblenefs
June 6. 1595. to be commanded,
FFL BAGOH
fo the E*rl tf Salisbury concerning the fawe.
It m*y p leaf e jour Ltrdfoif,
I Am not privy to my felf of any fuch ill deferving towards your
Lordfhip, as that I fhould think it an impudent thing to be a Suitor
for your favour in a reafonable matter , your Lordfhip being to me
as (with your good favour,) you cannot ceafe to be : but rather it were
a fimple and arrogant part in me to forbear it.
' - v
70 Sir Fr , Bacon to the Earl of Salisbury. ^ ^
It is thought Mr. Attorney (hall be Chief Juftice of the Common-
Place 5 in cafe Mr. Sollicitor rife, I would be glad now at laft to be Sol-'
licitor : chiefly becaufe I think it will increafc my pradice, wherein God
blefling me a few years, I may mend my ftate, and fo after fall to my
ftudies and eafe, whereof one is requifite for my body, and the other
ferveth for my mind : wherein if I (hall find your Lordfhips favour, I
fliall be more happy then I have been, which may make me alfo more
wife. I have fmall ftore of means about the King , and to fue my felf
is not fit ; and therefore I (hall leave it to God, his Majefty, and your
Lordfhip : for I muft ftill be next the door. I thank God, in thefe tran-
fitory things I am well refolved. So befeeching your Lordfliip not to
think this Letter the lefs humble, becaufe it is plain, I reft, &c.
BfL BACON.
m to the Earl of Salisbury.
It may pleafejour good Lord/hi f,
IAm not ignorant how mean a thing I ftand for, in defiring to come
into the Sollicitors place : For I know well it is not the thing it hath
been , time having wrought alteration both in the profeflion, and in
that fpecial place. Yet becaufe I think it will increafe my pradice, and
that it may fatisfie my friends , and becaufe I have been voiced to it, I
would be glad it were done. Wherein I may fay to your Lordfhip, in
the confidence of your poor Kinfman, and a man by you advanced,
In idemfer opem qni fpem dedifti : For I am fure it was not poflible for
a man living to have received from another more fignificant and com-
fortable words of hope : your Lordfhip being plcafed to tell me during
the courfe of my laft fervice, That you would raife me ; and that when
you were refolved to raife a man, you were more carefull of him then
himfelf ; and that what you had done for me in my marriage, was a be-
nefit for me, but of no ufe to your Lordfhip,and therefore I might afTure
my felf you would not leave me there , with many like fpeeches : which
I know too well my duty to take any other hold of, then the hold of a
thankful 1 remembrance : And I know, and all the world knoweth, that
your Lordfhip is no dealer of Holy- water, but noble and real ; and on
my part on lure ground, that I have committed nothing that mayde-
ferve any alteration ; and if I cannot obfcrve you as I would, your Lord-
(hip
/ r
y *,' Sir Fr. Bacon to the* t LordCh*ncellor. ^
(hip will impute it to my want of expcrince, which I (hall gather better
v *when I am once fetled.
And therefore my hope i?, your Lordfliip will finifti a good work, and
confider that time groweth pretious, and that I am now vergentibus an-
rtis; and although I know your fortune is not to want an hundred fuch
as I am, yet I (hall be ever ready to give you my feeft and firit fruits,
and to fupply,as much as in me lieth, a worthinefs by thankfulnefs.
FR. BACON.
Sir Fr. B )con to the Lord Chancellor.
It majfleafejottr Lordfiip,
A S I conceived it to be a refolution both with his Majefty, and a-
JT\ mong your Lordftiips of his Councell, that I (hould be placed Sol-
licitor, and the Sollicitor to be removed to be the Kings Serjeant 5 fo
I moft humbly thank your Lordftiips furtherance and forwardnefs there-
in, your Lordftiip being the man that firft devifed the mean : wherefore
my humble requeft unto your Lordftiip is, That you would fet in* with
forae ftrength to finifti this your work, which (I aflure your Lordftiip ) I
defire the rather ; becaufe, being placed, I hope for your many favours,
to be able to do you fome better fervice : for as I am your Lordftiip can-
not ufe me, nor fcarcely indeed know me ; not that I vainly think I (hall
be able to do any great matters, but certainly it will frame me to ufe a
more induftrious obfervance and application to fuch as I honour fo much
as I do your Lordftiip, and riot,I hope, without fome good offices,which
may deferve your thanks. And herewithal, good my Lord,I humbly pray
your Lordfliip to confider that time growerh pretious with me, and that
a married man is feven years Bolder in his thoughts the firft day : And
therefore what a difcomfortable thing it is for me to be unfetled ftill.
For furely were it not that I think my felf born for to do my Soveraign
fervice, and therefore in that ftation will I live and die ; otherwife for
mine own private comfort, it were better for me that the King (hould
blot me out of his book, or that I (hould turn my courfe to endeavour
to ferve him in fome other kind, then for me to ftand thus at a ftop r
and to have that little reputation which by my induftry I gather, to be
fcattered and taken away by continual difgraces, every new man coming
in before me ; and Cure I am I (hall never have fairer promifes and hope
from
7* Sir Francis Bacon 1 t King James.
from all your Lord(hips,and I would believe you in a far greater matter;
and if it were nothing elfe, I hope the modefty of my fuit deferveth
fomcwhat : for I know well the Solicitors place is not as your Lordlhip
left it, time working alteration fomewhat in the profeffion, much more
in that fpeciall place. And were it not to fatisfie my wives friends, and
to get my felf out of being a common gaze, and a fpeech ( I proteft be-
fore God) I would never fpeak word for it. But to conclude , as my
honorable Lady was fome mean to make me to change the name of ano-
ther : fo if it pleafe you to help me, as you faid, to change mine own
name, I cannot be but more and more bounden to you. And I am much
deceived, if your Lordfhip find not the King well inclined ; as for my
Lord of &*Jvi*r}Jitu forward awl affectionate. Yours, &c.
FR. BACON.
To King? AMES.
It may f le^aft your excellent Ma]efty y
H&w honeftiy ready I have been, moft gracious Soveraign , to do
your Majefty humble fervice to the [be 8 of my power, and in a
manner beyond my power as I now ftand , I am not fo unfortunate but
your Majefty knowsjbothin the Commiffion of Union the labour wher-
of for men of my profeffion, refted moft upon my hands ; and this
laft Parliament for the Bill of Subfidy, both body and preamble. In the
Bill of Attainders ; of Tre/kam,zn& the reft; in the matter of Purvey-
ance, in the Ecclefiafticall Petitions,in the grievances, and the like, as I
was ever careful! not without good fnccefs, fometime to put forward
that which was good, fometime to keep back that which was worfe : fo
your Maj-efty was pie, fed kindly to accept of my fervices, and to fay to
me, fuch conflicts were thewarres of peace, and fuchvi&ories the vi-
ctories of peace; and therefore fuch fervants as obtained them, were by
Kings that reign in peace, no lefs to be efteemed then Conquerors in
the warres. In all which neverthelcfs I can challenge to my felf no
fufficienciejthat I was diligent and reafonably happy to execute thofe di-
rections which I received either immediatly from your Royall mouth,
or from my Lord of Salisbury. At that time it pleafed your Majefty alfo
to allure me that upon the remove of the then Attorney, 1 fliould not
be forgotten, but be brought into ordinary ylacc : and this was after
confirmed
Sir Francis Bacon to King James. 7$
confirmed unto me by many of my Lords. And towards the end of the
laftTerm, the manner alfo in particular fpokenof, that is, that Mr.
Sollicitor (hould be made your Majefties Serjeant, and I Sollicitor, for
fo it was thought bed to fort with both our gifts and faculties for the
good of our fervice. And of this refolution both Court and Country
took notice. Neither was this any invention er pro jed of mine own,
but moved from my Lords, I think firft from my Lord Chancellor :
whereupon rcfting , your Majefty well knoweth I never opened my
mouth for the greater place,although I am fure I had two circumftances
that Mr. Attorney that now is could not alleadge : the one, nine years
fervice of the Crown ; the other, the being Coufin-german to my Lord
of Salisbury j for of my Fathers fervice I will not fpeak. But for the
lefs place, I conceive it was never meant me : but after that Mr.Attorny
Hubbard was placed, I heard no more of any preferment, but it feemed
to be at a flop, to my great difgrace and difcontentment. For, gracious
Soveraign, if ftill when the waters be ftirred, another (hall be put in be-
fore me, your Majefty had need work a miracle,or elfe I (hall be a lame
man to do your fervices.And therefore my moft humble fuit unto your
Majefty is, That this which feemed to me intended, may fpeedily be per-
formed, and I hope my former fervice (hall be but as beginnings to bet-
ter when I am better ftrengthened. For fure I am , no mans heart is ful-
ler, I fay not but many may have greater hearts, but I fay, not fuller of
love and duty towards your Majefty and your children,as I hope time wil
manifeft againft envy and detraction, if any be. To conclude,! humbly
crave pardon for my -boldnefs,&c.
Your,&c.
FR. BACON,
. Edmond Anderfons Letter to Sir Francis Bacon.
Noble Sir,
THere is ever a certain preemption to be had of the favour of great
mcn,fo as there be a rcafon added to : accompany their juftice; mine,
that gives boMnefs to call upon your fuccour, is, that I am fallen more
under th malignity of rumor, then feverity of laws , though that hath
ever fet mine offence at the blackeft mark : to force this latter cloud a-
way, none can bat the breach of a King : th'othcr which threatneth and
L opprcfTech
74 Sir Thomas Bodeley to Sir Fr. Bacon.
oppreffeth more, every good Spirit may help to difperfe. In this ru.mc,
honorable Sir, I befeech your goodnefs to fpend fome few words to the
putting of falfe fame to flight , which hath fo often endangered even
the innocent : And if the faving of a poor penitent man may come to be
part of your care, let it ever be reckoned to your vertue, that you have
not only aflifted to preferve,but create a perfon fo corrected by neceffi-
ty, as the example of his repentance was not worthy to be loft, who will
live and die thankfully yours,
EDMOND ANDERSON.
A
Sir Thomas Bodeley to Sir Francis Bacon ttfon his
ntw Pbilofopby.
Sir,
S foon as the Term was ended, fuppofing your leifure was more
then before, I was coming to thank you two or three times, rather
chufing to do it by word then letter ; but I was ftill difappointed of my
purpofe, as I am at this prefent upon an urgent occafion , which doth
tie me faft to FHlkam, and hath made me now determine to impart my
mind in writing. I think you know I have read your Cogitate & vifa
which I protelt I have done with great defire , reputing it a token of
your fmgular love,that you joyned me with thofe your friends, to whom
you would commend your firft perufall of your draught : for which I
pray you give me leave to fay but this unto you, Eirft, that if the depth
of my affedion eo your perfon and fpirit,to your works and your words,
and to all your ability, were as highly to be valued as your affedion is to
me, it might walk with yours arm in arm , and claim your love by j'uit
defert; but there can be no comparifon where our ftates are fo uneven,
and our means to demonftrate our atfedionsfo dirTerent,infomueh as for
mine own I mud leave it to be prized in the nature that it is, and you
fhall evermore rind it moft addided to your worth. As touching
the fubjed of your Book, you have fet afoot fo many noble fpeculations,
as I cannot chufe but wonderland I (hall wonder at it ever, that your ex-
pence of time confidered in your publique profeflion > which hath in a
manner no acquaintance with ScholaHhip or Learning, you (hould have
culled forth the quinteflence and fucked up the fap of the chiefeft kind of
Learning. For howfoever in fome points you do vary altogether from
that which is and hath been ever the received dodrine of our SchooJs
and
Sir Thomas Bodelcy to Sir Fr.Bacon. 75
and/was always by the wifeft (as ftill they have been deemed) of all Natu
ons -& Ages adjudged the truefl^and yet it is apparent that in thofe very
' points, in all your propofals and plots in that book , you (View your felf
a Mailer workmaa For my felf,I muftconfefs,and I fpeak \\.Ingenuc that
for the matter of learning I am not worthy to be reckoned in the- number
of fmatterersj and yet becaufe it may feem that being willing to Com-
municate your Treatife with your friends, you arc likewife willing to li-
(ten to whatfoever I or others can except againft it : I muft deliver unto
you for my private opinion, that I am one of the crew that fay there is ,
and we profefs a greater holdfaft of certainty in your Sciences, then you
by your difcourfe will feem to acknowledge : For where at firft you do
objeft the ill fuccefs and errors of practitioners of Phyfick, you know
as well they do proceed of the Patients unrulinefs : for not one of an
hundred doth obey his Phyfitian in their own indifpofition, for few are
able in that kind to explicate themfelves, or by reafon their difeafes are
by nature incurable, which is incident ,you know, to many forts of ma-
ladies, or for fome other hidden caufe which cannot be difcovered by
courfe of conjecture ; Howbeit I am full of this belief, that as Phyfick is
miniftred now-a-days by Phyficians , it is much to be afcribed to their
negligence or ignorance, or other touch of imperfection that they fpced
no better in their praftife : for few are found of that profeffion fo well
inftruded in their Art , as they might by the precepts which their Art
doth afford, which though it be defedive in regard of fuch perfection,
yet for certain it doth flouriQi with admirable remedies, fuch as trad of
time hath taught by experimentallefTeds, and are the open high-way to
that knowledge that you recommend. As for Alchimie and Magick,fome
conclufions they have that are worthy the preferving : but all their skill
is fo accompanied with fubtilties and guiles, as both the Crafts and ihe
Crafts-mafters are not onely defpifed, but named with derifion. Where-
upon to make good your principall aflertion, methinks you fhould have
drawn the molt of your examples from that which is taught in the libe-
rall Sciences, not by picking out cafes that happen very feldom, and may
by all confefiion be fubjed to reproof, but by controlling the generals,
and grounds, and eminent Pofitions and Aphorifms which the greateft
Artifts and Philofophers have from time to time defended : for it goeth
for currant among all men of learning , that thofe kind of Arts which
Clerks in times paft did term guadrnials^ confirm their propositions by
infallible demonstrations. And likewife in Trivial;, fuch leffons and di-
redions are delivered unto us, as will cffed very neer, or as much alto-
gether, as every faculty doth promife. Now in cafe we fhould concur
to do as you advife, which is to renounce our common notions, and can-
L 2 cell
7$ Sir Tho. Bodcley to Sir Francis Bacon*
c efl all our Theorems , Axioms , Rules and Tenents, and fo to come
babes *d regnum naturt^ as we arc willed by Scriptures to come ad re-
gnum ccelorum. There is nothing more certain in my underftanding,
then that it would inftantly bring us to Barbarifm , and after many
thoufand years leave us more unprovided of Thcoricall furniture , then
we arc at this prefcnt : FoV that were indeed .to become Tabula rafa,
when we (hall leave no impreflion of any former principles, but be dri-
ven to begin the world again, to travell by trials of actions and fenfe,
(which are your proofs by particulars) what to place in intellettu for
our general! conceptions, it being a Maxim of all mens approving, In in-
tellettu nilril effe quod non print fmt infenfu. And fo in appearance it
would befall us , that till Plato's yearbe come about, our infight in lear-
ning would be of lefs reckoning then now it is accounted. As for thac
which you inculcate of a knowledge more excellent then now is among
s,which experience might produce if we would but ctfayto extrad it
out of Nature by particular probations, it is no more upon the matter,
but to incite us unto that which without inftigation by a naturall inftind
men will practife of themfelves : for it cannot in reafon be otherwife
thought, but that there are infinite in all parts of the world, (for we may
not in this cafe confine our cogitations within the bounds of Europe)
which embrace the courfe which you propofe, with all diligence and
care,that any ability can perform. For every man is born with an appe-
tite of knowledge,wherewith he cannot be glutted, but ftill as in a drop-
fie thirft after more. But yet why men fhould hearken to any fuch per-
fwafions, as wholly to abolifh thofe fetled opinions, and gcnerall Theo-
ries to which they have attained t>y their own and their Anceftors for-
mer experience, I fee nothing yet alledged to induce me think it. More-
over,! may fpeakeas Ifuppofe with good probability, that if we fhould
make a mentall furvey what is like to be effected all the world over,
thofe five or fix inventions which you have feleded, and imagined to be
but of modern (landing, would make but a (lender fhew among fo many
hundreds of all kinds of natures which are daily brought to tight by the
enforcement of wit or cafuall events, and maybe compared or partly
preferred above thofe that you have named. But were it fo here, that
all were admitted that you can require for the augmentation of our
knowledge, and that all our Theorems andgenerall Pofitions were ut-
terly extinguiftied with a new fubftitution of others in their places, what
hope may we have of any benefit of learning by this alteration ? Aflu-
redly as foon as the new are brought ad <tVw by the Inventors and
their followers by an interchangeable courfe of naturall things, they will
fall by degrees in oblivion to be buried, and fo _in continuance to periflr
outright,.
'Sir Tho. Bodcley to Sir Francis Bacon 7 7
outrght ; and that perchance upon the lifce to your prefent pretences
by propofall of fome means to advance all our knowledge to an
higher pitch of perfednefs ; for ftill, the fame defeds that antiqui-
ty found, wiitrefide in mankind, and therefore other ifTues of their adi-
ns, devices and ftudies, are not to be expected then is apparent by Re-
cords were in former time obfcrved. I remember here a note which Pa-
terrufa made of the incomparable wits of the Grecians and Romans in
their flourishing ftate, that there might be this reafon of their notable
downfall in their iflue that came after, becaufe by nature, Quod fttmmo
ftudiopetirum eftafccndit infttmmtim t difficilifque imperfetto msra eft* in-
fomuch that men perceiving that they could not go further, being com*
to the ttop, they turned back- again of their own accord, forfaking thofe
ttudies that are moft in requeft, & betaking thcmfclves to new cndevours,
as if the thing they fought had been by prevention fore- prized by others.
So it fared in particular with the eloquence of that age , that when
their fucceflbrs found that hardly they could equall,. by no means excell
their predeceflbrs, they began to negled the ftudy thereof, and fpeak for
many hundred years in a rufticall manner, till this later revolution
brought the wheel about again by inflaming gallant fpiritsto give the
onfet a-frefti , with ftraining and ftriving to climb unto the top and
height of perfedion, not in that gift alone, but in every other skill in any
part of learning. For I do not hold it any erroneous conceit to think of
every fcience, that as now they they are profefTed, fo they have been-
before in all precedent ages, though not alike in all places, nor at all
times alike in one and the fame; but according to the changes and turn-
ing of times with a more exad and plain, or witka more rude and ob-
fcure kind of teaching.
And if the quellion fhould be asked what proof 1 have of it, I have
thedodrine of Ariftotle, and of the deepeft learned Clerks of whom
we have any means to take any notice, That as there is of other things,.
fo there is of Sciences onus & inttritus : which is alfo the meaning
( if I (hould expound it ) ofnihil novum fubfole^ and is as well to be
applied^ fatla as addi&fy ttt nihil neyttc dittum nequefAttttm, quod
non eft dittum attt fattumprius. I have further for my warrant that-
famous complaint of Solomon to his fon againft the infinite making of
books in his time, of which in all congruity great part were of obferva-
tionsand inilrudions in all kind of literature, and of thofe there is not
now fo much asone Pamphlet (only fome parcels of the Bible excepted}
remaining to pofterity. As then there was not in like manner to be found
any footing of millions of Authors that were long before Salomon, and
yet we muft give credit to chat which he affirmed^ that whatsoever
was*
7& Sir Tho. Bodciey to Sir Fr. Bacon.
was then or before, it could never be truly pronounced of it, i^hold
this is new, Whereupon I mult for my final conclufion infer, Seeing
all the endeavours, ftu-dy and knowledge of mankind in wbatfoever arc^"
or fcience have ever been the fame as they are at this prefent , though
full of mutabilities according to the changes and accidental occafions of
ages, and Countries and Clerks difpofitions , which can never but be
fubjeft to intention and remiffion both in their devices and in their
pradifes of their knowledge. If now we {hould accord in opinion
with you, Firft to condemn our prefent knowledge of doubt and in-
certitude ( which you confer but by averment ) without other force of
argument,and then.todifclaim all our Axioms and Maxims, and general
aflertions that are left by tradition from our Elders to us , which ( for
fo it is to be pretended ) have pafled all probations of the fharpeft wits
that ever were Abectdarii, by the frequent fpelling of particulars to come
to the notice of new generals, and fo afrefh to create new principles of
Sciences, the end of all would be, that when we (hould be difpoflefled
of the learning which we have, all our confequent travel will but help us
in a circle to condud us to the place from whence we fet forwards, and
bring us to the happinefs to be reftored in integrttm, which will require
as many ages as have marched before us to be perfectly atchieved. And
this I write with no diflike of increafing our knowledge with new-found
devices ( which is undoubtedly a pradice of high commendationjin re-
ic benefit they will yield for the prefent, that the world
ever been, and will affuredly continue very full of fuch Devifers, whofe
induftry that way hath been very obrtinate and eminent, and hath pro-
duced itrange effefts above the reach and the hope of mens common
capacities ; and yet our Notions and Theorems have always kept in
grace both with them and with the rarelt that ever were named among
the learned.
By this you fee to what boldoefs I am brought by your kindnefs,
That ( if I feem to be too fawcy in this contradiction ) it is the opi-
nion that I hold of your noble difpofidon , and of the freedom in
thefe cafes that you will afford your fpecial friend , that hath induced
me to do it. And although I my felf, like a Carriers horfe, cannot bawk
the beaten way in which I have been trained; yet fince it is my cenfure
of your CvgitatA that I muft tell you, to be plain, you have very much
wronged your felf and the world, to fmother fuch a treafure fo long in
your coffer : Eor though I ftand well allured (for the tenor and fubjed
of your main difcourfej you are not able to impanel a Jury in any Uni-
verficy that will give up a verdict to acquit you of error , yet it can-
not be gainfaid that all ycur Treatife over doth abound with choice
con-
Sir Gco. Broolc to A Ldf in Court. 7$
concept of the prefent ftatc of learning , and with fo worthy contem-
plations of the means to procure it, as may perfwade with any -Student
to look more narrowly to his bufmefs , not only by aipirmg to the
greateft perfeftion of that which is now adayes divulged in the Sciences,
but by diving yet deeper as it were into the bowels and fecrets of nature,
and by inforcing of the powers of his judgment and wit to learn of St.
Paul Confetttrimeliorado**: which courfe would to God (to whifper
fomiich into your earj you had followed at the firit when you fell
the ftudy of fuch a ftudy as was not worthy fuch a Student. Neverthele
being fo as it is, that you are therein fetled, and your Country foundly
ferved I cannot but wifh with all my heart, as I do very often,that you
may gain a fit reward to the full of your deferts.Which I hope will come
with heaps of happinefs and honour.
From FtilhAm^ Feb. 1 9- i ^07.
Tows to Ite ttfea and commanded,
THO. BODELEY.
Sir one kmd of boldncfs doth draw on another, infomuch as me-
thinks I fhould offend to fignifie., that before the tranfcript of your
book be fitted for the .Prefs, it will be requifine for you to caft a Cen-
fors eye upon the ftile and the elocution- which in the framing of lome
periods and in divers words and phrafes, will hardly go for current,tf.
the Copie brought to me be juft the feme that you would publifh.
THO. BODELEY.
cfl^r. George Brook to a Lady in Cottrt.
Madam,
T He meflage which you fent me of her Majefties gracious purpofe
altered towards me, hath put me into that extafie, that I know not
whereupon to reft my felf, not having power to believe that which
I am bound to know. Isitpofiible<that you fhoiild *>e fo weak in grace
withherMaieuy.asnottoprevailinfofraana matter for any man but
of an intire reputation? or (hall I believe that her Majefty, who fuffers
not the merit of her fervants to be buried with them, toould not hold
Sa Mr. George Brook t his Wife.
me equivalent with any new Meichlfedech without father or mothr , I
proteft (Madam ) I could not prefage any ill fuccefs to my felf, but oncly
out of the means of my ambition, and have held it therefore fuperfluous
to claim any favour in vertue of fupererogation, efteeming it too great
a derogation from my felf for fo poor a thing as a Spittle-houfe to
raife the dead to fpeak for me, or challenge any thing more then my
own. But it, is neither the ftrangenefs of the matter, nor the hardnefs of
my belief that can alter the decree of a Prince. But I muft take it in good
payment,that is no lefs then for as great a difgrace as can outwardly be-
fall me ; yet muft I ever hold my felf beholding to this fuit : for though
I lofe the Hofpital, yet have I loft many errors j withall I have weighed
my friends in a balance, and taken a juft meafure of my fortune. I muft
not defpair, it is not impoffible for a man well taught to make a retreat
into himfelf, neither will I yet defpair of my fuit, onely for this reafon,
that this change cannot proceed of her Majefties proper motion, but
muft be procured by fome blind pra&ife that dares not fee the light,
though it may be my fortune to bring it forth blufhing; howfocver it be,
it (hall never diftcmper my dutifull affection towards her Ma jefty, though
that be for ever barred from her knowledge : for they who are able to
prevent her goodnefs, will be ever likely to prevent my fervice. That
the place is already meant to a Divine, cannot be true, nor my impedi-
ment: For there is no kind of her Majefties fervants and fubje&sfo pro-
vided for, there being fuch ftore of places that foil daily both better then
this in value, and more proper for their function. Your Ladiftiip hath
been hitherto an honorable and faithfull interceffor for me ; Good Ma-
dam, be not weary to continue fo ftill,as I (hall do ever to acknowledge
it, and if I be able,in part to deferve it
G. B.
To bis Wife.
LEt me intreat you to read my Letter once again, and if you can find
no caufe of quarrell, do but then think what you have done all this
time to fend me fuch a Cartoll; you cannot be more void of fault then
I of fufpition, and what you fpeak I canr.ot underftand. But doth my
imprifonment abridge me that I cannot give you counfell ? Or have you
refolved to follow the counfcll of the Lady you know? Know then, as
y ill fortune annot dej'e A me,fo ought it much lefs 10 make you brave
/ K James r* the M*\9r *nd Aldermen of Londbn. 81
and jifliolcnt. You have your choyce of two courfes, let me know which
you will take, that I truft not to a broken Reed. And yet what need I
care, feeing that you who were my chief care,<k> now begin to fever your
falf : I will not yet condemn you, you may fee how unapt I am to enter-
tain ill thoughts. I will yet both hold and write my felf
Tour loving Husband,
G. BROOKS.
King James to the Wafer And Aldermen of London after
fa was proclaimed, March 2 8 . 1 60 j .
T
To our truflj and wel-beloved Robert Loe,Lord Major of our Citj of Loil-
don,4<ii to our welbelovedthe Aldermen and Commons of the fame.
Rufty and welbeloved, we greet you heartily well. Being informed
of your great forwardnefs in that juft and honorable adion of pro-
claiming us your foveraign Lord and King, immediately after the deceafe
of our late deceafed Sifter the Queen 5 wherein you have given a fingular
good proof of your ancient fidelity, a reputation hereditary to that our
Citie of London, being the Chamber of our Imperiall Crown, and ever
free from all {hades of tumultuous and unlawfull courfes ; We could not
omit with all pofiible fpeed we might, to give you hereby a Teft of our
thankfull mind for the fame; and withall afiurance that you cannot crave
any thing of us fit for the maintenance of you all in generall, and every
one of you in particular, but it (hall be moft willingly performed by us,
whofe fpeciall care (hall ever be to provide for the continuance and in-
creafe of your prefent happinefs, defiring you in the mean time to go
conftantly forward in doing all and whatfoever things you (hall find ne-
cefTary or expedient for the good government of our faid City, in execu-
tion of juftice, as you have been ufed to do in our faid deareft Sifters
time , till our plcafure be known to you in the contrary .Thus not doubt-
ing but you will do, as you may be fully aflured of our gracious favour
towards you in the highefl degree, we bid you heartily farewell.
Halljrud-Houfe March 28. 1603.
JA.MESR.
M fht
82 The Romw CAtkotiqMs Pttitiott
The Rent <tn C At h clique s Petition to King James
for Toleration.
MOft puifiant Prince, and orient Monarch I Such are the rare per-
fections and admirable gifts of wifdom, prudence, valour, and
juftice, wherewith the bountifull hand of Gods divine Majefty
hath endued your Majefty, as in the depth of your provident judgment
we doubt not but you forefee what concerneth both the fpiritual and
temporal Government of all your Kingdoms and Dominions. Not-
withftanding your Graces moft afflided Subjects and devoted Servants
the Catholiques of England , partly to prevent finifter informations
which haply may poflefs your facred ears before our anfwer be heard,
partly as men almoft overwhelmed with perfections for our confciences,
we are inforced to have fpeedy recourfe in hope of prefent redrefs from
your Highnefs, and to prefent thefe humble lines unto your Royal per-
fon to plead for us fome commiferation and favour. Alas, what allegi-
ance or duty can any Temporal Prince defire orexped athisVaffals
hands, which we are not addrefled to perform ? How many Noblemen
and worthy Gentlemen, moft zealous in the Catholique Religion, have
endured,fome lofs of lands and livings, fome exile, others imprifonment,
fome the effufion of blood and life, for the advancement of your blefTed
Mothers right unto the Scepter of Albion ? Nay, whofe finger did ever
ake but Catholiques, for your Majefties prefent title and dominions?
How many fled to your Court, offering themfelves as hoftages for their
friends to live and die in your gracious quarrel, if ever adverfary had op-
pofed himfelfagainft the equity ofyourcaufe? If this they attempted
with their Princes.difgrace to obtain your Majefties grace,what will they
do, nay what will they not do to live without difgrace in your Graces fa-
vor ? The main of this Realm,if we refpect Religion,fetting petty Seds
afide, confifts of four parts : Proteftants, who have domineered all the
Queens dayes ; Puritans, who have crept up apace amongft them ;
Acheifts or Politirians, who were bred upon their brawls and contenti-
ons in matters of faith and Catholiques, who as they are oppofite to
ail, fo are they deteited of all, becaufe error was ever an enemy to
truth. Hardly all, or any two of the fir ft three can be fupprefled :
Therefore we befeech your Majefty to yield us as much favour,as others
of contrary Religion to that which (hall be publiquely profefled in Eng-
/wW (hall obtain at your hards: For. if our fault be like !efs, or none at
all,
t9 King James for Tolcratitn. 83
all, ,in equity our punifhment ought to be like lefs, or none at all. The
Gates, Arches, and Pyramids of France proclaimed the prefent King
Pater patria & Pacts reftitutor, that is, the Father of his Country, and
Reftorer of their peace j becaufe that Kingdom being well neer torn in
peeces with Civil wars, and made a prey to foraign foes, was by his pro-
vidence, wifdom and valour acquitted in it felf, and hoftile Grangers ex-
pelled : the which he principally effected by condefcending to tolerate
them of an adverfe Religion to that which was openly profefled. Que-
ftionlcfs. Dread Soveraign, the Kingdom of England through the cruel
perfecution of Catholiques, hath been almoft odious to all Chriftian
Nations : Trade and traffique is exceedingly decayed, Wars and blood
hath feldom ceafed, Subfidies and Taxes never fo many, difcontented
minds innumerable. All which your Princely Majefties connivance to
your humble fuppliants the afflicted Catholiques, will eafily redr.efs,
cfpccially at this your Highnefs firft ingrefs. Si loquaris ad nos verba
levia^ erunt tibifervi cunttis ctiebMf(i King 12..J.) that is, if you fpeajt
comfortable things unto them,or if you hearken unto them in tnis thing,
they will be fervants unto you, or they will ferve all their days,] fay the
fage Councellors of Solomon to Roboam. For,enlargement after affliction
refembleth a pleafant gale after a vehement tempeft ; and a benefit in
diftrefs, doubleth the value thereof How gratefull will it be to all Ca-
tholique Princes abroad, and honorable to your Majefty,to underftand
how Queen Elizabeths feverity is changed into your Royal clemencie ;
and that the lenity of a man rcedified what the misinformed anger of a
woman deftroyed ; that the Lyon rampant is pafiant, whereas the paf-
fant had been rampant. How acceptable (hall your Subj'efts* be to all
Catholique Countries, who are now almoft abhorred of all, when they
(hall perceive your Highnefs prepareth not pikes or prifons for the Pro-
feffors of their Faith , but permitted! them Temples and Altars for the
ufe of their Religioa Then we (hall fee with our eyes, and touch with
our fingers that happy benediction of Jfa. 14.7. in this Land, that fwords
are turned into mattocks or ploughs, and lances into fithes ; and all Na-
tions admiring us: will fay, Hifuntfemen cut benedixit Dominus, that is,
thefe are the feed which the Lord hath blefTed.
We requeft no more favour at your Graces hands, then that we may
fecurely believe and profefs that Catholique Religion which all your
happy Predeceffors profefled, from Donaldtts the firft converted, unto
your late blefled Mother martyred ; a Religion venerable for anti-
quity , majeftical for amplitude , conftant for continuance , irrepre-
henfible for doctrine , inducing to all kind of vertue and piety , dif-
fwading from all fin and wickednefs ; a religion beloved by all primitive
M 2 Paftors,
84 The Rim** Cttkeliqttcs Petit it 9 &c.
Paftors, eftabjiflied by all Oecumenicall Councels, uphoiden by ancient
Dodors, maintained by thefirtt and belt Chriftian Emperours/ecordcd 1
almoft alone in all Ecclefiafticall Hiftories, fealed with the blood of mil-
lions of Martyrs, adorned with the vertues of fo many ConfefTors, beau-
tified with the purity of thoufands of virgins,fo conformable unto natu-
rall fenfe and reafon ; and finally, fo agreeable with the facred Texts of
Gods Word and Gofpell .-. The free ufe of this Religion we rcqueft, if
not in publick Churches,at the leaft: in private houfes ; if not with appro-
bation, yet with toleration without moleftation. Afluring your Grace,
that howfoever fome Proteftants or Puritans incited by morall honefty
of life, or innated inftind of nature , or for fear of fome temporall
punifliment,pretend obedience unto your High nefs Laws ; yet certainly
the onely Catholiques for confcience fake obferve them : For they de-
fending that Princes Precepts and Statutes oblige no fubjed under the
penalty of fin, will have little care in confcience to tranfgrefs them,
which principally are tormented with the guilt of fin. But Catholiques
profefling merit in obeying, and immerit in tranfgrefiing, cannot but in
Soul be grievoufly tortured for the leaft prevarication thereof: Where-
fore, moft mercifull Soveraign,we your loving afflided fubj'eds, in all
dutifull fubjedion, proteft before the Majefty of God, and all his holy
Angels, as loyal obedience,and immaculate allegiance unto your Grace,
as ever did faithfull fubj'eds in England or Scotland unto your High-
nefs Progenitors, and intend as fincerely with our goods and lives to
ferve you,as ever did the loyalleft Ifraelites King David, or the truftieft
Legions the Roman Emperours. And thus expe&ing your Majefties
cuftomary favour and gracious bounty, we reft your devoted fuppliants
to him whofe hands do manage the hearts of Kings, and with recipro-
cate mercy will requite the mercifull.
ftttr Makefiles mof devoted fe wants
England.
Sir Walter Rakigh u K. James.
Sir Walter Raleigh to King James before
IT is one part of the Office of a juft and worthy Prince,to hear the
complaints of his vafTals ; efpecially fuch as are in great mifery. I
know notamongft many other prefumptions gathered againft me,
how your Majefty hath been perfwaded, that I was one of them who
were greatly difcontented, and therefore the more likely to prove dif-
loyalL But the^ great God fo relieve me in botli worlds as I was the con-
trary, and I took as great comfort to behold your Majefty, and always
learning fome good, and bettering my knowledge by hearing your Ma-
jefties difcourfe. I do moft humbly befeech your Soveraign Majefty not
to believe any of thofe in my particular, who under pretence of offences
to Kings , do eafily work their particular revenge. I truft no man un-
der the colour of making examples, fhould perfwade your Majefty to
leave the word Mercifullwa of your Stile; for it wil be no left profit to
your Majefty, & become your greatnefs.then the word Invincible. It is
true, that the Laws of England'axt no lefs jealous of the Kings then.Ce-
far was of Pompey's wife : for notwithftanding (he was cleared for ha-
ving company with Claudius, yet for being fufpedted,he condemned her.
Formyfelf, I proteft before Almighty God, and I fpeak it to my Ma-
fter and Soveraign, that I never invented treafon againft him and yet
I know I (hall fall in mMtbus eorttm a quibus non poffunt evtdere, unlefs
by your Ma jefties gracious compaflion I be fuftained. Our Law there-
fore (moft mercifull Prince J knowing her own cruelty, and knowing
that (he is wont to compound treafon out of prefumptions and circum-
ftances, doth give this charitable advice to the King her Supream, Non-
folum fapiens e$e fed & mifericors, &c. cum tutitts fit redder e rat ion em
mifericordi<e qttam jttdicii. I do therefore on the knees of my heart be-
feech your Majefty from your own fweet and comfortable difpofition,
to remember that I have ferved your Majefty twenty years, for which
your Majefty hath yet given me no reward ; and it is fitter I (hould be
indebted unto my Soveraign Lord,then the King to his poor VafTaJjSave
me therefore, moft mercirull Prince, that I may ow your Majefty my life
it felf, then which there cannot be a greater debt. Limit me at leaft, my
Soveraign Lord, that I may pay it for your fervice when your Majefty
ftiallpleaie. If the Law deftroy me, your Majefty (hall put me out of
your power, and I ftwii have none to fear but the King of Kings.
WALTER RALEIGH,
Sir Walter Raleigh to Sir Robert Car.
Sir Walter Raleigh to Sir Robert Car, after Earl
of Somerfet.
SIR,
A Peer many lofles, and many years forrows, of both which I have
caufe to fear I was miftaken in their ends : It is come to my know-
ledge, that your felf ( whom I know not but by an honorable favour )
hath been perfwaded to give me and mine my laft fatal blow , by ob-
taining^from his Majefty the Inheritance of my Children and Nephews,
loft in Law for want of a word. This done , there remaineth nothing
with me but the name of life : His Majefty, whom I never offended,
( for I hold it unnatural and unmanlike to hate goodnefs ) ftaid me at
the graves brink ; not that I thought his Majefty thought me worthy
of many deaths, and to behold mine caft out of the world with my felf,
but as a King that knoweth the poor in truth , hath received a promifc
from God that his Throne (hall be eftabliftied.
And for you, Sir, feeing your fair day is but in the dawn, mine drawn
to the fetting j your own vertues and the Kings grace alluring you of
many fortunes and much honour : I befeech you begin not your firft
building upon the ruines of the innocent, and let not mine and their for-
rows attend your firft plantation. I have ever been bound to your Na-
tion as well for many other graces, as for the true report of my trial to
the Kings Majefty ; againft whom had I been malignant, the hearing of
my caufe would not have changed enemies into friends, malice into com-
pafllon, and the minds of the greateft number then prefent into the com-
miferation of mine eftate. It is not the nature of foul Treafon to beget
fuchfair paffions; neither could it agree with the duty and love of
faithfull Subjects ( efpecially of your Nation ) to bewail his overthrow
that had confpired againft their moft natural and liberal Lord. I there-
fore truft that you will not be the firft that (hall kill us outright, cut
down the tree with the fruit, and undergo the curfe of them that enter
the fields of the facherlefs : which, if it pieafe you to know the truth, is
far lefs in value then in fame. But that fo worthy a Gentleman as your
felf will rather hind us to you ( being fixe Gentlemen not bale in birth
and alliance ) which have intereft therein : And my felf with my utter-
moft thankfulnefs will remain ready to obey your commandments.
WALTER RALEIGH-
Sir
L.Cfanceltor Ellefmerc H JTM James,' 87
Sir Thomas Egcrton Chancellor, after Lord Ellefmerc,
to the Earl of EfTex.
SIR,
HOw things proceed here touching your felf , you fhall partly
tinderftand by thefe inclofed. Her Majefty is gracious towards you,
and you want not friends to remember and commend your former fer-
vices. Of thefe particulars you (hall know more when we meet. In the
mean time by way of caution take this from me : There are (harp eyes
upon you, your actions publique and private are obferved : It behoveth
you therefore to carry your felf with all integrity and fincerity both of
hands and heart, left you overthrow your own fortunes, and difcredic
your friends that are tender and carefull of your reputation and well-
doing, So in hafte I commit you to God, with my very hearty com-
mendations, and reft
Your ajfttred loving Friend,
At the Court at Richmond,
2iOHol>. 1599- THO. EGERTON, C.S,
Lord Chancellor Ellefmerc to King James.
Afoft gr ac ions Soveraign,
IFind through my great age, accompanied with griefs and infirmities,
rny fenfe and conceipt is become dull and heavy, my memory decayed,
my judgment weak, my hearing imperfed,my voice and fpeech failing
and faltering, and in all the powers & faculties of my mind & body great
debility. Wherefore, confcientia intbecilitttij, ray humble fuit to your
moft facred Majefty is, to be difcharged of this great Place wherein I
have long ferved, and to have forae comfortable Teftimony under your
Royal hand, that I leave it at this humble fuit with your gracious favour;
So (hall I with comfort number and fpend the few dayes Ihave to live,
in meditation,^ and prayers to Almighty God, to preferve your Majefty.
and all yours in all heavenly and earthly felicity and happinete.
This-
88 L.CkAficettvr Ellcfmerc t$ tf.Jamesr
This fuit I intended fome years paft, ex diamine ration!* & et >.fci-
tntit : Love and fear flayed it ; now Neceffity conftrains me to it, <
I am utterly unable to fuftain the burthen of this great fervicc ; for I
am come to St.Pw/s defire, Cupio Mffolvi & efe cum Chrifto. Where-
fore I moft humbly befeech your Majefty molt favourably to grant it.
Tour Afajefties moft humble and. lojat
poor Subjett and Servant,
TH(XELLESMEREC**r.
Agrin to the fame
Mofi gracious Soveraign,
YOur royal favour hath placed and continued me many years in the
higheft place of ordinary Juftice in this your Kingdom, and hath
moft gracioufly borne with my many, but unwilling errors and defects,
accepting in ftead of fufficiencie, my zeal and fidelity, which never failed.
This doth encourage and ftir in me an earneft defire to ferve ftill. But
when I remember St.Pauh rule, Let him that hath an office wait on his
cffice y and do confider withall my great age and many infirmities, I am
deje&ed and do utterly faint : For I fee and feel fenfibly, that I am not
able to perform thofe duties as I ought, and the place requires ; and
thereupon I do ferioufly examine my felf what excufe or anfwer I (hall
make to the King of Kings, and Judge of all Judges, when he (hall call
me to accompt ; and then my confcience (hall accufc me, that I have
prefumed fo long to undergo and weild fo mighty and great a charge
and burthen: and I behold a great Cloud of witnefles ready to give evi-
dence againft me.
1. Reafon telleth me, and by experience I find, Seneftta eft tarda&
+b/iviofa, & infanabilis morbus.
2. I heard the precepts and councel of many reverend , fage ,
and learned men , Senettuti debitnr ctittm , folve feiteftutem ma-
turf, &c.
3. I read in former Laws, that old men were made temeriti &rude
donati : And one fevere Law that faith, Sexagenaries de pontc, where-
upon they are called Defontanei. And PUto lib. 6. delegibtts, fpeaking
f a great Magiflrate which was rrtfefttts legibus fervanais, determi-
Lord CkanceltorEllctmcK ta King James. 89'
neth thus, IMinor at4HM 50 non admittttur', nee major annit 70 permit*
J t*tur in to per fever ^re. And to this Law,refpeding both mine office and
ray years, I cannot but yeeld. But leaving foreign Laws, die Stat. ann
13. E. i. fpeakcth plainly, Homines excedentes atatem 70 anmrum non
fonantttr in Afliflis <$ furatis. So as it appeareth that men of that age
are by that Law discharged of greater painrull and carefull,efpecially Ju-
dicial! Offices.
4- Betides, I find many examples of men of great wifdom,knowledge
and judgment, meet and worthy to be followed ; of which (leaving all
other,) I will remember that of William Warham Archbifhop of Canter-
6rj, and Chancellor of England^ who after long fcrvice , was upon
his humble fuit difcharged of the office of Chancellor of England m re-
fpe& of his great age. Seeing then fuch a cloud of witnefles againft me,
which in my private Soliloquies and Meditations, are daily and continu-
ally reprefented to my view, and mine own confcience (more then a
thoufand witnefles) concurring with me ; Pardon me, my moil gracious
Soveraign, to conclude with good JBar^i//ai t ^uotff.mt dies annorum vi-
t& met , tjuarefervHt tutu Jit etteri domino noftro Reei, obfccro ttt rever-
ttrfervus tun* & mortar ^c. So I moft humbly oefeech your facred
Majcfty, gracioufly to regard the great age, infirmity, and impotency of
your moft devoted, obedient ,loy a 11 and faithrull fervant. Let'mc not be as
Domitim after w*s,Maluit deficerc quam deJinere.'But with your Princely
favour give me leave to retire myfelf from the careful fervice of this great
office, and from the troubles of this world, and to fpcnd the fmall rem-
nant of this my life in meditation and prayer,& I wil never cealc to make
my humble fupplications to Almighty God to blefs& profper your Ma-
jefty,the ^uecn,the Prince,all your Royal iffue, with all heavenly and
earthly felicity, which is the laft and beft fcrvice your poor,agcd, weak
and decayed fervant can do for you.
THO. ELLESMERE W.
Sir Francis N orris tt King James.
Moft gracious Sovereign,
THe advantage which mine adverfary hath taken, in firft prefenting
his complaint freely and uncontrolled, would have afflicted me
greatly, had 1 not known that your Majefty hath given co your Judges
N mjimclion,
^o Sir Francis Norris to King James,
Injunction, Audit waiter am part em. That I entered into difcourfe ivith
the Lord wittoHgkbj in Church or Church-yard, may make it manifeft, '
that I had no diipofition at all to quarrell. The reft of the world is wide
enough for men fo affeded. They that prophane fuch places, truft more
.to the place the ntheir own worth. That I was improvidently in
fuch a place by him furprized, muffled in my own Cloak, and treache-
roufly buffeted , (hewed that I fufpeftcd no fuch affault as was there
made upon me, and where I was fo difgracefully and ignobly aflaulted
by the Lord jvillotighbj^ and he in no fort by me yet wel I hope to fa-
tisfie every indifferent judgement, much more the fupream Judge, that
I had nothing in my intention either towards the Mailer or the Man. It is
true, molt gracious Soveraign, that after the Lord willoughbj's difho-
norable indignity by me expelled, I feeing an unknown face coming
fiercely with his fword upon me for my life, ( in defence whereof God
himfelf, the law of Nature and Nations doth warrant us to contend) I
was forced to have forgone it at a Ruffins command, or by refitting to
yeild it up to your Majefty, to whom I have vowed it (whenfoever you
ihall command it) to your fervice. This I prefume to write to a King
in whom rcfts the fpirit of honor ; and by that fpirit I hope your Maje-
fty will judge, that he which will run from his own defence , being inju-
rioufly aflaulted, will alfo run from the defence of his Soveraign Ma-
fter. I alfo prefume in all humility to addrefs my felf to a Prince in-
dued with the fpirit of Juftice r joyned to the divine vertue of compafii-
on ; by both which I nothing doubt your Majefty will judge when
you (hall be truly informed, of the preceding and fucceeding wrongs
offered me, that I am and will be
Yottr Adajtfties moft humble
and loyallftibjetti
FR NORRIS.
A Patent for the Admiralty of Ireland.
Right trufty and welbeloved Coufin and Councellor , We greet you
well. Whereas we are gracioufly pleafed, as well for the increafe of
our Navy and Navigators, as alfo for the better enabling and- enriching
of
A Patent for the Admirdky of Ireland. -94
of our fubje&s in our Realm of Scotland, to give way and licence un-
to our loving fubjeds of Scotland , and fomany of them as may make
a fall, able, and compleat company for Traffick and Merchandizing
into the Eatl Indies, to ered and fee up among themfelves a Compa-
ny , to be called The Eaft Indian Company of Scotland , making
their firft Magazin Storehoufe for the faid Company "in fome parts
of our Realm of Ireland. But for that our Ports and Seas upon
the Coafts of our faid Realm of Ireland , have of late , and ftill
are likely, without our fpeciallaid andafliftance, to be much trou-
bled and annoyed with Pirats, and other Sea-Robbers, to the great
difcouragement of our loving Subjeds and Merchants pa/ling that
way : We, for the avoyding of thofe inconveniences, and for the
better heartning of the faid Company in their intended voyage and
traffick , have, for rcafons to us beft known , refolved (notwithftan-
ding any other imployments of our Ships there) by our Letters Pa-
tents under our great Seal of England, and at the humble requeft and
Petition of our loving Subjeds of the faid Company, to nominate
and appoint A. B. our trufty fervant, to be imployed in thofe Seas
and Coafts of Ireland , as fully and amply as our fervant Sir F. tf.
is now for our narrow Seas, And to the end he may with more cou-
rage and lefs prejudice to our feid fervant Sir f.H. by his diligence and
induftry in the faid imployment free thofe Seas from the faid an-
noyances, our pleafureis, That you by your Deed Poll do fgive un-
to our faid Servant fuch and the like power and authority for the Irijk
Seas and Chanell of St. Georgt , as the faid Sir F. H. hath for the
Narrow Seas : So always as the power and authority of the faid
A. B. may begin where the power and authority of the faid Sir F. H.
doth end , that is to fay , from our Ifland o( Scilie in our Realm
of England , unto and alongft the Coaft of Ireland , and the Cha-
nell of St. George. So not doubting of your fpeedy effecting of what
is here required fot the furtherance of fogood a work, We bid you
heartily farewell,
Frm owr Conn at, &c.-
9 1 A Cormtifsiw to divers Lords,
A Commfsion tt divers Lords ^ &(. for the delivery of
UlufliingjBrilij&c. tJMay 14.^.14.
1A ME S by the grace of God King of England, &c. To the right
Reverend Father in God , our right trufty and welbeloved Coun-
cellor George Lord Archbilhop of Canterburj^^ to our right trufty
tnd welbeloved Councellor Tbo. Ellefmere Lord Chancellor of England,
and to our right trufty and welbeloved Coufins and Councellors Tho.
Earlof^jfo/J^Lord Treafurer of/W, Edward Earl of Worcefter
Lord Keeper of our Privy-Seal, Lobmckjdvbt of Lennox Lord Steward
of our houftiold, Charts Earl of Nottingham Lord Admiral of England,
William Earl of Pembroke Lord Chamberlain of our houfhold , Tho.
Earl of Exeter, fohn Earl of Afar, and Alexander Earl of Dumferm/ix;
and to our right trufty and right welbeloved Councellors, Tho. Vifcount
Fenton, Tho. Biftiop ofwinton, Edward Lord Zouch Lord Warden of
our Cinque-Pores, William Lord Knwls Treafurer of our houfhold,
John Lord Stanhop, and The. Lord Banning* ; and to our right trufty
and welbeloved Councellors, Sir JohnDigly Knight our. Vice- Cham-
berlain, Sir John Herbert Knight one of our principal Secretaries of
State, Sir Fulk^ Grevil Knight Chancellor and Under-Treafurer of our
Exchequer, Sir Tho, Varry Knight Chancellor of our Dutchy of Lanca-
fier, Sir Edward Coke Knight Chief Jufticc of our Bench, and Sir Julius
Cefar Knight Mafter of our Rolls, greeting.
Whereas the States-Generall of the United Provinces of the Low-
Countries have divers times follicitcd us by their refidcnt Ambafiador
Sir Noel Caron Knight, that we would be pleafed to render into their
hands the Towns of Flu/hing in Ztland, with the Caftle of Ramakjn^
and ofBrilm Holland, with the Forts and fconces thereunto belonging,
which we hold by way of caution, untill fuch (urns of money as they owe
unto us be reimburfed, upon fuch reafonable conditions as (hould be
agreed on between us and them for the reimburfing and repayments of
the faid monies : And whereas we have recommended the confideration
of this fo mighty and important an affair to the judgment and difcretion
of you the Lords of our Privy-Councel, and have received from you
after long and mature deliberation and examination of the circumftances
an advice, That as the prefent condition of our ^tate now ftandeth, and
as the nature of thofe Towns is mecr caujjonary, wherein we can chal-
lenge
for tke delivery */Ulufhing, Bril^f. 93
intercft of propriety ; it would be much better for otlr fervice,
upon fair and advantagious conditions to render them, then longer co
hold them at fo heavy a charge. Now forafmuch as in our Princely
wifdom we have refolvcd to yield up our faid Towns, with the faid
Caftle and Sconces belonging unto them, upon fuch conditions as (hall
be moft for our advantage ts well in point of honour as of profit,
Know ye therefore that we have afligned and appointed yon the faid
Archbtfhop, L.Treafurer,L.Privy-Seal, L.Steward, L.Admiral, L.Cham-
berlain, E.of Exeter, E. of M*r, E. ofDMnferm/in, Vicount Fintons t
L.Bifhop of frinton, L.Zouch, L.Knowls, L.Stanhop, L.Banning,$\t
John Dighj, Sir John Herbert, Sir Ralph Winwood^ Sir Tho. Lake, Shr
fttlkjGrevil y Sir Tho. Parry, Sir Edrv.Coke, Sir Julius Cefar, our Com-
miflioners,and do by thefe prefents give full power & authority unto you
or the more part of you for us and in our name to treat and conclude
with the faid Sir Noel Caron Knight AmbafTador from the States of
the United Provinces, being likewife for that pitrpofe fufficiently autho-
rized from the faid States his fupcriors,touching the rendition and yield-
ing up of the faid Town of Flushing, with the Caftle of Ramakins in
Zeland^nd of the Town ofBrii'm Holland, with the Forts and Sconces
thereto belonging, and of the Artillery and Munition formerly delivered
by the States, with the fame which are now remaining in them or any
of them , and have not been fpent and confumed. And for the delivery
of them into the hands of the faid States on fuch terms as by you (hall
be thought fit for our moft honour and profit ; and for the manner
thereof to give inftrudions to our faid feveral Governours of the faid
Garrifons,according to fuch your conclufion. And this our Commiffion
or the enrollment or exemplification thereof (hall be unto you and
every of you a fufficient warrant and difcharge in that behalf. In witnefs
&c. Witnefs our felf at mftminfter y the 3 1 day of May % in the 14 year
of our Reign, &c. and of Scotland the 49.
A Commifsitn to Vifcount Liflc Coveror^ te deliver
them up ,12 <M#j, 14. Jac.
I A M E S by the grace of God, &c. To our right trufty and welbe-
beloved Cozen, Robert Lord Vifcount Lifte, Lord Chamberlain to-
our dear Confort the Queen , and our GovernOur of our Town
of VW** , and of the Cattle of RAwkins, greeting. Whereas we
If
P4 A Comwifsion to
by Our Letters Patents fealed with Our great Seal of England, bearing
date at treftminjler the 22. day of April, in the fifth year of Out reign'"'
of England, France, and Ireland, of Scotland the 3 5- for the confidera-
tion therein exprefled, did make, ordain, and conftitute 'you the faid
Vifcount Lifle.by the name of Sir Robert Sjdrtej Knight,for Us to be the
Governour and Captain of the faid Town of Vlttfhing, and of the Caftle
QfRamakins in the Low-Countries, and of all the Garrifons and Souldi-
crs that then were, or hereafter fhould be there placed for Our fervice
and guard of the faid Townand Caftle, to have, hold.exercife and occu-
py the Office of the faid Governor and Captain of the faid Town and
Caftle by your felf, or your fufficient Deputie or Deputies,to be allowed
by Us during Our pleasure ; giving unto you full power and authority
by your /aid Letters Patents, to take the Oath and Oaths of all Cap-
tains & Souldiers then ferving , or that hereafter (hould ferve in the fame
Town and Caftle.asin like caufes was requifite,with divers other powers
therein mentioned, as by Our faid Letters Patents at large appcareth.
And whereas the States gencrall of the United Provinces of the Lotv-
Countries, have divers and fundry times for many years together follici-
ted Us by their Refident Ambaflador Sir Noel Cann Knight, that We
would be pleated to render into their hands the faid Town of Vlnfhing
in Zealand, with the faid Caftle of Ramakins, and the Town of Brill in
Ho//*W,with the Forts & Sconces thereunto belonging!, which We hold
by way of Caution until fuch fumsof mony as they owe unto Us, be re-
imburfed upon fuch reafonable conditions as fhould be agreed upon be-
tween Us & them for the reimburfing and repaiment of the [faid monies.
And whereas thereupon We recommended the confideration of this fo
weighty and important an affair to the judgement and difcretion of the
Lords of the Privy Councell, and have received from them {after long
and mature deliberation and examination of Circumftances) an advice,
that as the prefent condition of Our State now ftandeth, and as the na-
ture of thofe towns is lying onely Cautionary, wherein we can challenge
nointereft of propriety, it fhould be much better for our fervice upon
fair and advantangious conditions to render them, then longer to hold
them at fo heavy a charge. Now forafmuch as in Our Princely Wif-
dom We have refolved to yeild up Our faid Towns with the faid Caftle,
and Sconces belonging unto them, upon fuch conditions as (hall be moft
fit for Our advantage, as well in point of honor as of profit : And to
that end by Our Commiflion under Our great Seal of Englandjhwe af-
figned and appointed the Lords and others of Our Privy Councell Our
Commifiioners,and thereby give mil power and authority unto them, or
the more part of them for Us, and in Our name to treat and conclude
with
U deliver up Vluihing, &c. \ py
with the faid Sir Nodi Caron Knight, AmbafTador from the States of
' the United Provinces, being likewife for that purpofe fufficiently autho-
rized from the faid States his fuperiors, touching the rendition and yeil-
ding up of the faid Town of Vlujbing^ with the Caftle of Ramekins in
Zealand, and of the faid town of firill in Holland, with the Forts and
Sconces thereunto belonging, and of the Artillery or Munition former-
ly delivered by the faid States, with the fame Towns, and Caftles, and
Forts, and which are now remaining in them, or any of them, and have
not been fpent or confumed. And for the delivery of the faid Towns,
Caftle, Forts, Artillery, and Munition into the hands of the faid States,
upon fuch terms as by the faid Lords, and other of our Privy Councell,
or the more part of them, {hall be thought fit for our moft honor and
profit, and for the manner thereof to give inftrudions to our fevcral
Governors of our faid Garrifons according to fuch their conclusion,,
which conclusion according to our faid Commiflion is already made and
perfected.
We do therefore hereby give power and authority unto, and do
charge and command you the faid Lord Life for us aud in our name to
render and yield up into the hands of the faid States of the United Pro-
vinces, or to fuch perfons as fhall be lawfully deputed by them, the
aforefaid Town of Ulujbing, and Caftle of Rawakins^ whereof now you
have charge by vertue of our Letters-Patents aforefaid, together with
the Artillery -and Munition now remaining in them or any of them, here-
tofore delivered by the faid States with the faid Town and Caftle, and
as yet not fpent or confumed; obfervingand performing in all points
fuch inftruftions as you (hall receive under the hands of the faid Lords
and others of our Privy-Councel, or the more part of them, concerning
the rendring up and delivery of the faid Town. And we do further give
you full power and authority, and by thefe prefents do charge and com-
mand you, for us and in our name to difcharge and fet free all the fub-
ordinate Officers, Captains and fouldiers under your charge,of that oath
andtruft which heretofore they have taken for the keeping and pre-
ferving of that Town and Caftle to our life and fervice ; and for that
purpofe to make fuch Declaration, Proclamation, and other fignification
ofourRoyalpleafure, commandment and ordinance in that behalf, as
in your wifdom you (hall think fit ; and thefe our Letters- Patents, or
the inrollment or exemplification thereof (hall be your fufficient war-
rant and difcharge in that behalf. In witnefs, &c. Witnefs our felf at
Weftminfier t lte 22 day of May in the 14 year of our reign of 'England,
F.ranccwd. InUnd y w:A of S.cotUnd&e 49.
^/Nottingham to the
Conntefs ^/Nottingham to the Danifi Ambafiadtr.
SIR,
IAm very forry this occafion (hould have been offered me by the King
your Matter, which makes me troublefom to you for the prefcnt. It
is reported to me by men of honour, the great wrong the King of the
Danes hath done me, when I was not by to anfwcr for my fclf : For if I
had been prefent , I would have letten him know how much I fcorn to
receive that wrong at his hands. I need not to urge the particular of it,
for the King himfclf knows it beft. I protcft to you Sir, I did think as
honorably of the King your Matter, as I did of my own Prince ; but
now I perfwade my felf there is as much bafenefs in him as can be in any
man : For although he be a Prince by birth, it feems not to me thac
there harbours any Princely thought in his breatt ; for either in Prince
or Subjeft, it is the bafeft that can be to wrong any woman of honour :
I dcfervc as little that name he gave me, as either the mother of himfelf
or of his children ; and if ever I come to know what man hath informed
your Matter fo wrongfully of me, I (hould do my beft for putting him
from doing the like to any other : but if it hath come by the tongue of
any woman, I dare fay (he would be glad to have companions. So
leaving to trouble you any farther, I reft, Your friend
M. NOTTINGHAM.
Sir Charls Cormvallis Liegcr in Spain 5 to the Spanijlt
King, Ily 23. 1608.
YOur Majefty hath (hewed the fincerity of your Royal heart in ap-
plying remedy to many inconveniences and injuftice offered by
your Minifters to the King my matters fubjefts in their goods and bodies,
and therein have performed not only what belongeth to your Kingly
dignity, but alfo what might be expeded from a Prince fo zealous of
juttice and of fo good intention. It refteth that now I befeech you to
caft your Royal eyes upon another extreme in juftice offered not only to
sbcir bodies and goods, but to their very fouls j who being by your Ma-
icfties
Sir G . Corn wa Jlis to th< Sptnifi King. 97
Jefties agreement confirmed with your oath to live within thefe your
-Kingdoms free from moleftation for matter of opinion and confcience,
except in matters of fcandal to others, are here laid hold on and impri-
foned by your Majefties Officers of Inquifition continually upon every
light occafion of private information of fomc particular pcrfons of their
own Country, who being fugitives out of their own houfes, and having
according to the nature of our people removed not only their bodies,
but their hearts from the foil that bred them, and from their brethren
that were nourilhed with them, do here feek to grace themfelves by pro-
fefting and teaching the obfervatiens of the Romifli Church ; and that
not out of any zeal, but as plainly appeareth by many of their adions,
out of malice and envy- By the Commiflioners authorized by both your
Majefties for the agreeing of the Peace, it was clearly difcerned, that if
upon private or particular informations his Majefties vaflals here {hould
be queftioned for matter of Religion , it was not poffible that they
fhould exercife any commerce in thefe kingdoms, where they (hould be
no one moment afTured either of their goods or liberties It was there-
fore provided that they {hould in no fort be impeached but in cafe of
ftandal ; and that fcandal, with your Majefties favour, muft be under-
ftood Co grow out of fome publike adion, not out of private opinion or
fingle confcience ; for if otherwife, very vain and inutile had been that
provifion. How the wordyozW*/ is in the moft ufual and common fenfe
to be underftood, is in no books more evident then in the Divine Scri-
ptures themfelves. Our Saviour, in regard of his publique teaching of
theGofpel, and theaboliftiingofthe Law- Ceremonial, wasfaidto be
to both houfes of Ifrael a itone of fcandal. The fin of David, if it had
lain covered in his own heart, or been committed in private, {hould not
have been either publiftied or puniftied as a fcandal to the enemies of
God. St.PW himfelfdeclareth, that his own eating of flefh offered to
Idols could not be an offence, but only his eating before others of weak
confcience whereby to give the icandal. Befides, I humbly befeech your
Majefty confider how fitly that of the Apoftle <ttis es quijuciicaf ali-
enmnfirTjum^ may be applied to thofe Officers of the Inquifition at-
tempting to lay hands on the fubjeds of another Prince your Majefties
confederate, offering none offence to the Laws, or publike prejudice to
their profefiion : yea, in divers parts of yorr Majeflies dominions the
fubjeds of my Mafter have fuffered this reftraint. The Inquifitor-
Generall lately deceafed, who in all his adions {hewed himfelr a con-
fiderate Miniftcr, and carefull in regard of your Majefties honour of the
obferving of what you have capitulated, upon my complaint never failed
to give the remedy that in juftice I required. He being now with God,
O and
^8 J/> C . Cornwdlis to the SpAmfh King.
and one of my Sovereigns fubjefts having been long without caufe cfe*
tained by thelnquifitors in Lisbon^ and another of good account, a man*
moderate and temperate in all his a&ions, lately apprehended by that
Office in Almonte, and retrained in their prifon at Sivil ; I am com-
manded from his Majefty, and importuned by my Country-men,who all
with one voice complain and proteft that they dare not longer continue
their commerce without prefent order for remedy of fo extream and pe-
rillous an injuftice, do befeech your Majefty that you will be pleafed not
only to give prefent order for the releafe of thofe that without fcandal
arc known for the prefent in your prifons, but alfo that in time to come
the true intention of that Article be obferved, which is, That without
known offence and fcandal theKing my Matters fubjeds be not molcfted.
The accomplifhment of this ( confidering how much it imports your
Majefty in honour, your Majefty and the Archduke having in that Ar-
ticle in no other fort then in all the reft covenanted by efpecial words,
that your felves would provide that in no cafe but only in giving fcandal
to others, the fubjeds of my Soveraign (hould be troubled for their
onfciences ) I cannot but exped from fo juft and fincere a Prince :
And therefore will not trouble your Majefty with more words ; but of-
fering my felf in all things within my power to your Majeftics fervice,
I remain with a defire to be reckoned in the number of your Majefties
humble and affectionate fervants,
C. C.
lulj 23 fcilo now, 1608.
S/rCharlsCornwallis tube Spantjb Ki*jf*n.i6. 160%.
THe largenefs and liberality 'of your Majefties Royall hand being
fuch, that it hath made your Greatnefs and Munificence of fo
much note through moft parts of this world ; I afTure my felf it is far
removed from the thoughts of your Princely heart to ftraiten in matter
of Juftice, that fo naturally and neceffarily belongeth to your Kingly
Office : your Majefty hath been pleafed to refer to the Conftable, the
Duke of Infantafqttc , and two of the Regents of your Counccll
of Arragon, the underftanding and determining of the extream and bar-
barous ufage, outrage and fpoyl committed by fhtps fet out in courfe un-
der the commifiion,& at the charge of your Majefties Viceroy of Sardi-
KM, and his fon-in-law Don Lewis de Calatana^ and others by their pro-
curement: thofe Lords and others there authorized by that Commifiion,
very
Sir C Cornwaliis te the Spttijl) King. 99
very nobly and juftly defiring that of the fpoyl committed there might
-be made intire fatisfadion, gave order divers months fince ; but your.
Majefties Viceroy adding to his former offence, contempt of your Ma-
jefties authority, hath not onely difobeyed in his own perfon, but con-
tradided and withftood in others the accomplifliment of your comman-
dements; it feemeth that God is pleafed for the good of your Majefties
Eftate and Government to difvizard that man, and make apparent to the
world how unfit he is to be trufted with your command of fo great im-
portance, whofe covetous and ungodly condition is come to fuch height,
as hath drawn him not onely to fpoil unlawfully, and fo barbaroufly to
ufe the fubjeds of fo great a King your confederate, and thereby to ha-
zard a breach of the amity between your Majefties fo neceflary for both
your Eftatcs, and fo mile to the whole Commonwealth of Chriftendom,
but alfo to neglcd and contemn the authority of your Majefty his own
Soveraign , to whom , befides the obligation of his naturall allegi-
ance ,he is fo infinitely bound for preferring and crafting him with a mat-
ter of fo great confequence and dignity. By this paper inclofedyour
Majefty (hall under ftand the manner of proceeding of the King myMa-
fter againft fuch of his fubjeds as commit the like crimes and outrage
agaiijft any of yours, and thereby conceive what my faid Soveraign ex-
pedeth of your Majefty in this and the like, and what I am commanded
in conformity thereof to require, which is, that there be no proceeding
in fo clear and plain a cafe, by way of procefle or fuit in Law, which in
this kingdom as by experience is known, are immortall ; but that accor-
ding to the fixth Article of the Peace , and the moft Chriftian and juft
example (hewed by my Soveraign,who fo punctually and confcionably in
all things obferveth with your Majefty, you will be pleafed that there be
not onely an intire and immediate fatisfadion to the parties, but that as
well your faid Viceroy, and Don Levels his fon-in-law , as all others
their aiders, partners, and receivers in that crime may be criminally pro-
ceeded againft, and fuffer fuch puniihment as fo enorm and unlawfull
adions have juftly dcferved : The performance of this (considering with
what patience the King my Mafter out of his love to your Majefty, not-
withftandtng the daily complaints and importunities^ of the parties.&thc
generall exclamation of other his fubjeds, who hold it rather agreeable
with his honor and Kingly Office,not fo long to permit unfatisfied or un-
punilhed fo intollerable an outrage, hath more then three whole years
attended it) I cannot bat exped from fo juft and pious a Prince with-
out further delay or protradion of time. fan. 16- novoftilo. 1608.
O Z Sir
ioo Sir C.Cornwallis to the SfAnifb King.
Sir Charls Cornwallis to the Spattijb King.
WE11 knowcth your Majefty in your % Reyall wifdom, how necef-
fary to Kings is the confervation of authority and refpe&^po
their Kingly dignities ; as alfo that the greateft and moft abfolute pre-
cept of Juftice, is to do toothers what we would be done unto our
felves : How religioufly & punctually the King my mafter hatji obferved
thefe unto your Majefty, hath appeared by many demonftrations , and
not the leatt in the deniall he made to Antonio de Perez to abide in his
Kingdom, or to have accefle to his perfon ; onely out of a conceit he
had,that he came with a mind determined to difouthorize your Majefty
in his fpeeches , or to make offer of fome practife againftyour eftates
in his overtures. Your Majefties own Royall and gratefiill inclination I
know to be fuch, as you are not without defire to pay my Soveraign
with the like equivalent retribution : but with yeur Majefties pardon
and favour, duty tnforceth me plainly to tell you, that the Minifters of
thefeyour Kingdoms (hew not the like affeftion; where not one, bur
many my of Soveraigns worit affe&ed fubjeds are daily received, cheri-
Ihed and honored with entertainments in your fervice. Were that fort of
people contented onely to abufeyour Majefties Kingly munificence and
Chriftian charity, and to deceive your Minifters with their falfiried ge-
nealogies, and with putting the Don upon many whofe fathers and An-
ceftors were fo bafe and beggeriy, as they never arrived to be owners of
fo much as convenient apparell to cover their nakednefs, it were much
more tolerable : but when having here tafted the warmth of your Ma-
jefties liberal! and pious hand, they become furnifhed in fuch ample and
abundant manner, as their poor and miferable anceftors durft never fo
much as dream of, like tsEfops ferpent they turn their venemous flings
towards the bofoms that gave them heat and life, and endeavour with
all the force and Art they have, to givecaufeof diftafte, and by confe-
qucnce of divifion between your Majefty and your faithfiilleft and mofc
powerful Confederate,! n uneven paiment for your Majefties fo great
and gracious favour. With generalities for the prefent I .will not deal*
as he whofe cares and defires have ever been to foften, and not to (har-
pen. Two Irifh in your Court, the one a fon y as by his own Countrey-
men is generally reported, either to a vagabond Rimer, a generation of
people in that Countrey of the worft account ; or to give him his befc
title, of a poore Mcchanicall Surgeon. The pthcr defcendcd rather of
more
Sir C.Cornwallis to the Spanifh King. lot
more bafe and beggerly parents; neglecting what by the Laws of God
they ow to their own Soveraign, and as little regarding their obligation
to your Majefty , who from the duft of the earth and miferable eftatc
hath made them what they are, notwithftanding that they cannot be
ignorant of the ftrait charge and commandcments your Majefty hath
given, that all due refpect be had to the King my Mafter, and his Mini-
fters and fubjetfs; the firft in irreverend and irrefpeftive behaviour tc-
wards my felf and fome of mine ; the other in obftinatc defending his
companions unmannerlinefs, delivering by way of direct afleveration,
that I am an heretique,and fuch an one as to whom it is not lawfull un-
der the pain of deadly fin, to ufe any courtefie or reverence whatfoever,
have of late mifcarried themfelves , as 1 hold it not agreeable either
with what I ow to the King I ferve.or the honor I haveto reprefent his
perfon,to paffe over with filence, but to prefent it inftantly to your Ma-
jefty. The names of the parties are, Magg Ogg^ a Solicitor (as here is
faid) for the fugitive Earle of Tyrone, condemned by the verdid of his
own Contreymen, befides his delid of Treafon, of thirteen feveral mur-
ders. The other names himfelfe Condio Mauricio, and is here (as I am
informed) attowed for a for his vagabonding Countreymen, hath
put on the habit of a Prieft, and hath of your Majefty thirty crowns a
moneth in Penfion. The parties and the offences I have made known
unto your Secretary of State, and I cannot doubt your Majefty in con-
formity of what the King my mafter hath by fo many arguments de-
monftrated towards your Majefty and your Minifters, will command
fuch exemplary punilhment to be made of them, as a behaviour fo un-
decent, a flander and reproach fo intolerable , and an opinion fo de-
fperate and dangerous, and fo contrary to what your Majefty and all
thofe of your Councell, Nobility and Clergy do pradife, do worthily
merit, &e. Feb. 1608.
Sir Charls Cornwallis t* the Spanijb King.
YOur Majefty to whom God hath given fo large an Empire,& fo much
exceeding that of other Princes, and whom he hath blefled wich fa
great an inclination to piety,clemency, and other vertues becoming your
Royall dignity and Perfon, will I know hold it evil befeeming fo rare a
greatncfs, to come behind any King how pious & vertuous foever ? either
in the observance of the laws of mutual charity and fricndftiip, or in love
or zeal to juftice, which Co all Kingdoms and Governments gives the
affuredft
1 01 Sir C . Cor nwallis t o the Spwifl King .
afluredft foundation ; and in defed whereof by the Spirit of God him-
felf, Kingdoms are faid to be tranflated from one Nation to another.
The firft King that God gave unto his people, heeleded of higher ftar
lure then the reft by the (houlders upwards , Signifying thereby how
much Kings are to ftriveto exceed and excell in the height and meafurc
of vertue and juftice ; alfo how fit it is for them to over-look with their
authorities and providences the higheft head of their Minifters, and to
obferve how they guide themfelves.
By the contents of this paper inclofed, your Ma jefty (hall perceive the
Chriftian aud Kingly care the King my Matter hath had , not onely of
the obferyances of the Articles of Peace fince the fame between your
Majefties were concluded ; but of the punduall accoraplifhment of the
true Laws of amity and fiiend(hip,which are more furely and expreflivc-
ly imprinted in Royall and Noble hearts, then poflibly they can be writ-
ten or charactered by any pen in paper- Inyour Majefties Kingdoms
(pardon I humbly befeech you if I fpeak plainly) much contrary to that
cxample,the King my Mafters fubjcds fuffer all manner of fpoils, op-
preflions and miferies, and are (as well I may term them,) made a very
prey to the hungry and greedy ; your Viceroyes and others enter their
(hips under cover- and colour of Peace and Juftice , finding them rich,
they lay crimes to their charge , whereof there appears neither proof
nor probability; yet fervc their pretences to poflefs them of their goods,
& to put the poor Merchants to a demand in Law: wherein were truth a-
lone the ballance they fhould be weighed by, ( though that form of re-
drefs were far fhort of the immediate remedy provided by the King my
Soveraign for your Majefties fubjeds) yet were it much more allowable
and to be endured ; but having here complained two whole years with-
out any courfe at all taken for redrefs, as in the caufe with the Duke of
Feria three intire years, as in that with the Viceroy of Sardinia one
year and more, as in that of his Majefties fervant Adrian Thibet, taken
and fpoiled by your Majefties Generall Don Luis j as in that of Eftrj and
.#f//>/V,imprifoned and bereaved of their goods by I Man de Vendor Al-
calde of Madrid JNZ are after fo long a time fpent in mifery and charge
countervailing a great part of the value of the goods taken 'from us, in-
forced ftill to all punctualities and extremities of forms of law, and to
abide the uttermoft perill of all advantages that by the inventions, wits &
tongues of Lawyers can be devifed, to obfcure and hide the light and
right of truth. The falfe colour given by every ofthefe, and the barba-
rous cruelty ufed to the parties, would require too long and tedious a de-
claration. It fatisiech that none of their pretences are proved; nay,
which is more ifoe/ are fo falfe and fabulous as to no. indifferent under-
krftan4ing they appear fo much as probable. My
y/> C. Cornwallis tt the Spamjb King.
My humble defire is, your Majefty would be pleafed to pafs yur own
Royal eyes upon this paper ; and therefore to affed all pofiible brevity,
I will pafs unto your Majcfties other inferior miniftcrs of your Ports, of
which few there are ( thofe in Bifcay, and fome in Portugal only ex-
cepted ) where we have not divers opprefiions , imprifonments , and
unjuft imbargements, in Sivil efpecially ; whereof forty feveral fuits,
and as many falfe fentences given, raifed andpurfued by a man now dead,
and therefore in charity left unnamed We have hitherto in your Ma-
jetties Councel of war ( where before thofe noble Lords all pafled by
the equal line of Juftice ) not failed in my remembrance in the over-
throwing of any, fave one miftaken that parted in a wrong name, and
another concerning merchandife that had their manufacture in Embden^
( whereof I fuppofe thofe Lords were not rightly informed ) only ex-
cepted. In that Court I muft acknowledge we have had redrefs, but yet
with your Majefties favour a miferable one ; our gain being whether
we (hall be owners of our own or not, our expences and charges certain,
and the time without meafure large, whereby many have been undone,
fome dead in prifon in England for want of what was unjuftly detained
from them here. Yet neither the falfe Judges in Sivil nor Promoters
ever chaftifed, or for any thing that I yet have underftood, fo much as
ever reprehended or found fault with.
I haftc to a conclufion, fearing left I (hould dwell too long in a matter
fo unfavoury and unpleafing to your Majefties pittifuil ears and Chri-
ftian heart, fo much of it felf difpofed to all clemency and piety. I will
for the next refort to the (hips, cordage, corn, and other viduals and
provifions taken from the King my Soveraigns fubjefts for your Ma-
jefties own fervices, and the relief of the extreme necefiity in your Gal-
lics, and Garrifons of the Navy, of whom fome have been enforced for
want of payment of their monies to fend their (hips home unfreigh ted,
a lofs extreme to poor Merchants that live by trade and time, to repair
to this Court, and here remain fome of them 14 moneths, and others
two years and more, till their very charges had eaten out a great part of
what was due unto them, and in the end recover only their own without
any reliefer recompence either for their expences ,times loft,or damages.
I will only inftance two, becaufe their caufes are moft ttrange and pitti-
fuil, and yet unfatisfied ; the one named Thomas Harrifon, and the other
Richard Morris : The firft ferved your Majefty with his (hip, till the
fame with one of his fons and all of his men were fwaliowed with the
feas, and hath been here more then four years fuing for his recompence
and falary, recommended by the King my Soveraign, by Letters from
your Majefties AmbafTadors in England, and by my felf all that long
time-
104 Sir C .Cornwallis t the Sptnijb
time furthered with my earneft follicitation ; which hath begot inrimte
promifes, but to this Jay no manner of payment or performance : The
other, who fometimes hath been a man of wealth and reputation, and
falling into great poverty, ferved your Majefty with all that in the world
he was worth, and all that in value above 6000 Ryals. I blufh I proteft
to think of it, and my heart is grieved to mention it to fo great a King,
of whofe liberality and magnificence the world taketh fo much notice.
His right and his necefiity being well krrown unto your Officers, he hath
been more then three years and a half fed with hopes, and put off with
fchedules and fending from one Port to another for the receipt of his
mony, till he hath indebted himfelf the moft part of the fum, and at pre-
fent wanteth wherewith both to feed and cover him. Now at laft he is
promifed payment out here of your Royal chefts, but after fomany
ceremonies and circumftances to be performed with your Officers in
other parts, as God knows hunger may end the poor man before they
begin to fatisfie him. By all this will plainly appear to your Majefty, that
your Majefties fubjefts are by the favour and Chriftian juftice of the
King my mafter entred into the new Teftament and law of Grace, having
reftitution and remedy without the delayes of ceremony and formality ;
and we ftill remain under the old, and tyed in all things to the hand-
writing of the Law, to the burthenous circumftances and intolerable di-
latory formalities of proceeding in this your Kingdom, and what elfe
your unpittifull Minifters will out of uncharitable and unfenfible minds
of other mens harms charge and impofe upon us.
Well doth your Ma jetty conceive, that would the King my Mafter
wink at the like courfes to be taken by his fubjefts and minifters with
fuch of yours as they might meet upon the feas, the Englifti are not of
fo little invention, but they could devife as good colours and pretences;
nor their Lawyers of fo fmall skill and fo much confcience,but they could
form and protrad fuits j nor the fhips of England fo weakened and
JefTened, but they could equal and furmount their lofles. I have out of
mine own humble affeftion to your Majefty, out of my generall and
ever continuing defire to hold firm the ancient amity fo neceflary for
your own eftates, and utile for the whole common-weal of Chriftendom ,
out of the force of duty I owe to my King and Country, thus far ad-
ventured to unburthen my foul and thoughts, not doubting but your
Majefties magnanimous and Chriftian heart will be moved as well in de-
fire to equal the pious and immutable example of the King my Mafter,
as in a juft compafiion of a Nation now confederate with you, and that
fo gladly would entertain any caufe to love and ferve you, to give pre-
IJent remedy to thofe wofull and intolerable oppreflions ; and that fmce
you
JT Jarftcs td tie Univerpty ^/Cambridge. 105
you have firmed and confented by your Articles of Peace of .new orders
. ( which being confirmed by your oath ftand now in force of Laws ) you
would be plealed in like manner to give them a new form of indilatory
execution, conformable to that of the King my Soveraign, &c.
King James to the Univcrfity of Cambridge ,
. 1616.
JA CO BV S Dei gratia Magn& Britanni<t t FrancU & Uibernu Rex*
Fidei defenfor,&c. Academic Cantabrigi* communi faint cm.
C7 jut civitatis impetret si nobis Cantaorigia^ veremur ne Jtmula urbU
potentia crefcente minuatur Academic fecurit at ^ fat erit apttd nos mettu
ueflri judicium fecijfe, nee fnimtam vobi* convenit Academi* pericu/um
deprecari cjtiam nob is, fponte noftra quicqttid in fpecient illi noxium Jit
avertcre. Glorietur urbs illafe a Majoribtts noftris elettam dottrinarum
fedemjngeniorum officifim^fapientiiepaleftram. Quicquidhii titttlis addi
potef nimis^ & non honeftatttr plebeia Civitatis appellations Mufarum
domicilium velfane literatorum dicatttr CivitM^ vel quod in 'villa. noftr<e
vill<t & in incolitarum tegitur cclebritate. HAC ejttf fuerint privilegi*
Academic dignitatem comiter obfervare (cuju* frequentia fatta & faff*
major affluentia bonarum artittm ftudiofos amice exdpere quorum COH-
grejfu diflata eft) Literatorum deinque -honor* ancillari unde h<tc ilia nata
eft f elicit at y h<e artes quibut crevit tenenda, non aucupandam titttlorum
novitat incerti eventtufaceffat popular is vocabulifaftus^unde cert a oriatur
amulationis jtecejfitat qu* eo turpior urbi eftfutura quo majori erga Aca-
demistm obftrittam &reverentiamjiolumus facrum ilium mufarum ajjlum
minuti pr&toris enfe temerari nee ftrepere tetrica cdittajtbifeptcmgcminus
'veftri Chori auditur concentus fatis & in vetera purpura invidis. nova
pompa tdm illifntura 3 tfrfupervacua quam vobis fufpetta. In noftra fol-
vis tutcl* & poft Deum opt. max. Alma fcientiarum Mater xoftro fo-
vebitur fceptro indefefa illius facttnditas non abortiet ad prjttorii gladii
terriculum nullum honoris titulum Cantabrigix indulgemus , qui cum
AcademU follicitudine conjunttus fit, f^alete. Datum e Palatio noftrt
. 4 Calenti Mar. 16 ic*.
JACOBUS REX.
P Mr.
Mr. Ruthen te the Earle of Northumberland.
IT may be interpreted difcretion fomtimes to wink at private wrongs,
efpecially for fuch a one as my felf , that have a long time wraftled
with a hard Fortune , and wboie aAions, words and behaviour are con-
tinually fubjeft to the cenfure of a whole State j yet not to befenfible
of publique ajid Nationall difgrace,were ftupidity and bafenefs of mind :
For no place, nor time,nor State can exctife a man from performing thajc
duty and'obligation wherein Nature hath tied him to his Councrey and
to himfelf. This I fpeak in regard of certain infamous verfes lately by
your Lordlhips means difperfed abroad to difgrace my Countrey and
my felf, and to wrong and ftain by me the honor of a worthy and ver-
tuous Gentlewoman, whofe unfpotted and immaculate vertue your fdf
is fo much more bound to admire and uphold, in that having difhono-
rably afTaulted it, you could not prevail. But belike, my Lord, you Jdare
do any thing but that which is good and juft. Think not to bear down
thefe things either by greatnefs .or denyall ; for the circumftances that
prove them are fo evident, and the veil wherewith you would fhadow
them, is too tranfparant. Neither would I have you flatter your felf, as
though, like another Giges, you could paffe in your courfes invifible. If
you owe a fpight to any of my countrey-men, it is a poor revenge to
rail upon me in verfe : or if the repulfe of your lewd defire at the
Gentle woman* hands, hath inflamed and exafperated your eholer againft
her, it was never known that to refufe Northumberland* unlawful! luft
was a crime for a Gentlewoman deferring to have her honour called in
quettion. For her part,l doubt not but her own unfpotted vertue will
eafily wipe out any blot which your malice would caft upon it ; and for
me and my Countreymen ( know my good Lord )that fuch bJowesas
cpme in rime, are too weak to reach or harm us. lam afham'd in your
Lprdfhips behalfe for thefe proceedings, and forry that the world muft
now fee how long it hath been miftaken in Northumberland* fpirit : and
yet who wil} not commend your wifdom in chufing fuch a fafe courfe to-
wrong a woman & a prifoner; the one of which cannot, and the other by
nature & quality of the place, may not right his ownwrongs. Where-
fore (fetting afide the moft honorable order of the Garter, and poteft-
ing that whatfeever is here faid,is no way intended to the Nobility and
Gentry of England in generall,which Ldoubt not but will condemn this
your-
\
fir Henry Yclvcrtons fulmtfsioit>&t. to?
your difhonorable dealing, and for which both my feff, and I dare truly
fay aH my Countrymen (hall be. even as ready to facrifice our bloods as
for our own mother Sett land) I do not only in regard of our own pcr-
fons affirm, that whatfoever inthofe infamous Verfes iscoatained is
utterly falfc and untrue, and that your felf hath dealt moft difhonorably,
unworthily, and bafely, but this Til ever maintain. If thefe words found
harftily in your Lordfhips ear, blame your felf, fince your felf forgetting
your felf have taught others how to dilhonour you: And remember
that though Nobility make a difference of perfons, yet Injury acknow-
ledgethnon, PATRFCK RUTHEN-
j ,
Humbly befeech you to think that I ftand not here either to outface
the Court, or to defend this caufe othcrwife then juftl I may ; only
Sir Henry Yclver tons fnbmifsion in the
Mj Lords
,
I deftre in mine own perfon to fecond the fubmiffion which hath been
opened by my Councel : for hitherunto hath nothing been opened unto
yoH, but that which hath pafled under the advifed pen of others, and
hitherto hath appeared from my felf neither open nor inward acknow-
ledgment.
My Lords, it may feem ftrange to the hearers, that againft a Bill fo
fharpned I fhould abruptly fall upon a fubmiAion or confeflioiyvhereby
I may feem to bow down my neck to the ftroke. But my Lords, in this I
weighed not my (elf, but I did it to amplific the honour and mercy of his
Majefty, from whom I may fay Ckmencie fprings as the blood that runs
in his own veins. For, my Lords, when this Charter was fometime que-
ftioned,&divers of my Lords here prcfent had out of their great wifdoms
difcovered that (hame in it (which I rauft here confefs I did not then fee)
&had related the fame to his Majefty, it pleafed his Maj.out of his great
favour to me his unworthy fervant to fend me this meffagc by two great
honorable perfons here prefent, and therefore under your Lordfhips fa-
vour I think not fit to hide fo great a favour of his Maj.from the eyes of
the people, who offered to my choice either tofubmit to himfelf in pri-
vate,or defend here openly ; and when I faw I fell into fuch faithful hands,
I remember my anfwef then was, that the offer was graciouSjand the
choice was cafie,and his mercy free. After came this Information againft'
p * me:
X' "
Sir Henry Yclvcrtons/i^/w/>^r.
me : I took it but as trial whether I would make his Majefty King of
my confidence,, or not : And though there was offered unto me and my .
Councel fuch a way of defence as I might have efcaped, yet I proteft I
didrejedit,, becaufe I would not diftruft his Ma jefties mercy to let go
the anchor-hold I had thereof; and whatfoever becomes of me, I pro-
tea I (hall ftill honour the King, though I go lame- to my grave. I hum-
bly confefs the manifold errors of this Charter to your Lord(hips,where-
in I have mifcarried ; and I befeech his Majefty and your Lordfhips to
think they are rather crept in unawares, thenufher'd in by confent.
The errors are of divers natures, fome of negligence, fome of ignorance,
forae of mifj>rifion ; I miftook many things, I was improvident im fome
things, too credulous in all things. But I who was chofen.when 1 had fo
much provoked his Majefty by mine unexperienced years, and having
fince found fo many favours from his Majefties hands, and this day
having ferved him full feven years, who this day hath tranflated me from
a low eftate unto a place whereof I enjoy now only the name, and now
fince hath fo much quickned and enlightned me by his gracious counte-
nance, and aflured me by his daily favours to make me to depend upon
feioi; and that I fhould deliberately and determinately tafce any flowers,
from his Crown to- place them on the heads of others, or to betray his
Ma jefties, intereft into the hands of others,! hope his Majefty will vouch-
fafe me fo much favour not to value me at fo low a rate, as to think thcfe
tilings came" in de induftria .\ For if I had felt any fuch Eccho arife in.
my breaft, I proteft I would have laid hands on ray felf, and judged my
felf unworthy of any fociety.
My Lords, the corruption of my hands are far inferior to the cor-
ruption of the heart ; and the hand that runs wilfully into error, works
mcerly from the corruption of the heart, and that makes it the more in*
xcufable,as the bleeding of a wound inwardly ever becomes mortal; an#
were I confcious to my felf,! would not have any color of cxcufe- 1 thank
his Majefties Councel ,that howfocver thcfe hands were at firft miftrufted,
yet fince they are not at all mifdoubted v aor the leaft corruption laid to
my charge. But this doth moft grieve me, that my faithfulnefs to his
Majefty fhould be fufpefted.: And I humbly defire upon my knees, that
his Clemencie in this cafe may ftop the ifliie of his Juftice ; that though
a long time his face hath been hid,yet now at length his mercy will break
through the clouds tafupport me that am now fallen. I lay my felf at
his Majefties feet to do with me as it pleafeth him, and humbly defire
bis Majefty would take me to his own fentence. I never thought of my
felf otherwife then clay in his Ma jefties hands, to mould me to honour
w difhonour. When I look and behold this folemnity and fpeftacle
about
* ' J-
Ferdinand Emferour ttthc Spanijh King. 1 09
about me", I make no other account of it then Pentpa mortis; and fuch
a Prince as he is , knows that Life and Reputation are equall , if the
laft be not the greateft. I know your Lordftiips have fuch power,
and his Majefty takes fuch pleafure in you , you are fo dear in his
eyes, that he can deny you nothing , and therefore I would defire you
that you would be fuiters in my behalf, that his favour might once
again (hine upon me I know his grace and clemency fleepeth, if I
be not unworthy to partake , and the rather becaufe the River that
did run another way , is now turned into the Sea again , and the
Charter given up, furrendred and cancelled. I know much life
might be added to the finewes of my happineflc by your Lord-
fhips intercefiions for me ; in vouchfanng whereof I (hall pledge
a perpetuall affurance of better fervice for the time to come , and
(hall be bound and engaged to every one of your Lordfhips : fo
that my defire is, that his Majefty might firft be acquainted with
this fubmiffion before you proceed into the merits of the caufe, re-
maining ftill a prifoner tohisjuftice, knowing his Majefty may if he,
pleafe, turn me to vanity..
to the Cath'oliquc King.
Mofi gracious King,mj moft loving Nephew,
FAther facintbtu comes over to yoarCourt to negotiate with your
Majefty in the Popes name, about a bufinefs much concerning the
confervation of our holy Faith , and eonfequently the fupport of our
Family, as your Majefty (hall underftand of the faid Father, to whom I
refer my felf, as alfo to Don Ba!th*zar fie Zuniga, to whom I have writ-
ten more diftindly, fearing to be over-tedious to your Majefty, and be-
ing well affured how well your Majefty ftands inclined to either of thefe
points,.
Ferdinand Emf. to Dtn Balthazar deZuniga,
Ferdinand the Pmfcrottr to Don Balthazar dc Zunfga,
. 1621.
Zuniga, Cottji*
andCouncettourtf State to the moft excellent and Catholique King
of Spain.
Honorable andfwceretj beloved^
WHat my mind and purpofc is touching the tranflating of the E-
ledorihip to the Duke of Bavaria, according to the promife I
imade him, and wherefore I think that bufmefs fo neceflary and profi-
table^ for Cjermanj in general!, fo particularly for fecuring our Houfe
from all attempts of Heretiques, as his Holinefs exhorts me not to be
further delayed : You (hall underftand as well by conference with Fa-
ther Jacinth , whom his Holinefs hath for that purpofe addrefled un-
to me, hisMajefty of Spain my Nephew, and other Catholiqne Princes
of Germany, as by thele enfuing reafons, whereof the principall are,
That when I repeat from the beginning the whole courfe of my Reign,
and the difficulties through which I have attained my Kingdoms and
Provinces, I behold with reverence the admirable providence of God
over me, which makes me the more bound to repofemycruft in him,
and not to omit any occafion which may tend to the advancement of
his glory, and the honor of fo admirable tried providence : and therfore
that I fhould ufe that moft notable vidory to the honor of God,and ex-
tirpation of all feditious fadions,which are nourifhed chiefly among the
>Cafoinifs , and that I fhould withdraw my felf from that judgement
that the Prophet threatens to the King of Jfrael , Bccaufe thott haftdif-
piijfeda man worthy of death , thy Smfiall be for his fonlc. The Pala-
tine keeps now in Holland , exiled not onely from the Kingcfom which
he rafhly attempted, but defpoiled almoft of all his own Territories, ex-
peding as it were the laft catt of Fortune j whom, if by an impious
kind of commiferation and fubtile Petitions, I be perfwaded to reftore
to his Eiedotall dignity , and nourifti in my bofome as a troden half
living inake, what can I exped lefs then a deadly ftinging? For it is in
vain for me to think that he fhould be able to difcern the greatnefs of
ftich a benefit : For the Polititians faying is true , Vltionem ^HA^V^ gr&.
ti*m overt habw y efpecially Tmce the injuries he did me arc fo heynous,
his
Fttdinaad /. ft Dw Balthazar dc Zuniga.
his p* ojeds fo fubtile, that although I fliould overcome him with Chri-
ftian charity, yet I fliould never be able to take him from the guilt of
his offences, and make him foundly faithfull unto me ; but he will al-
ways gape at all occafions whereby he may free himfelf from fear of his
ill defervings, and cover his own proftituted honor with new attempts.
Add hereunto the Ctlvinifts inftitution, of whofeSed the proper genius
is to hold nothing either fraud or wickednefs, which is undertaken for
the Religion j no-fandity of oath, nor fear of diftionour hinders them,
from fueh an one, what caution can either the houfeofX*/?r/4, or
other Catholique Princes with whom he is no lefs in enmity, becaufc for
Religion, as becaufe they are interefled in the war, receive? The King
of England will be engaged, but of the fame Religion ; nor is there any
thing mere eafie then when there is occafion of perpetrating any
wickednefs, to palliate it with a pretext of a breach of the League.
Hiflories are fraughted with examples ; in fome there are no caucions
lufficicnt in fuch a bufmefs : then to drive him where he cannot hurt, all
other means are frail, and he which oncebelieved is defpifed. It is like-
wife a confideration of no lefs moment, that the Palatine being reftored
will draw all his power and politic, as hitherto, fo hereafter, where he
thinks hecan do moft hurt, and that moft eafily, to wit, to BethLem-
Gabtr and the Tnrk^ , whom he hath already incited to-hoitility againft
me, and will never ccafe hereafter to inftigate the Calvinifts intire hopes
in them. Thefc, untill they recover breath, and recoiled their forces,,
they endeavour to difarm and exhauft me of monies, ranging in my ter-
ritories as they have done hitherto by fire and fword. But if with them
alfo, whom notwithftanding I cannot truft alike, I (hould make peace,
what conditions will Gabor who remains yet unconquered require , if
I {hould rcftore the Palatine ( already conquered ) to his Ele&orali
dignity ?
Therefore fince long before God granted me that famous vidory, I*
firmly forecaft with my felf r that the Palatine could not be reltored to
his Eledoral dignity without the extreme danger of the Gathoiiques
and my houfe, I offered freely on my own motion, but being direfted
queftionlefs by God, the Eledorftiip to the Duke of Savarin, a moft
eager Defender of the Gatholique caufe, whofe territories on the other
fide lie as a Rampire between me and other Princes of Germany and 1 '
fince I made fo good ufe of his help r and fo profitable in the recovery
of my Kingdoms and Provinces, and continue yet to this^day, time it felf.
more then the faid Duke doth cry out that I (hould accomplifti my
promife without further delay, and by tranflation of the Eledor{htp>
takeaway quite ail hopes from the palatine and them that follicite us fo>
importu-
- ,rV : .
i m, Ferdinand Emf. to Von Balthazar ^ Zuniga."
importunately for a reftitution, that we may be freed from all molelku
tion; which thing, fince it needs the help of his Majefty of SfM 9 al-.
though I know his Majefty be propenfe enough of himfelf to all things
which appertain to the honor of God, and the fecurity of our Houfe ,
yet I thought good to admoniih you of this occafion, left this opportu-
nity of eftabliftung of our Religion and family efcape, which I conceive
might conveniently be done by you. Neither do I fuppofe his Majefty
to be ignorant, that it was alwayes judged of our Anceftors, that the
Houfe of Attftria, which by Gods permifiion doth now ilgniorize far
and necr upon the earth, to have its chief foundation here in Germany^
which is the more to be defended, the nearer its ruine depends there-
upon. In times paft this Houfe hath had proof of many adverfaries t
its greatnefs, as the Hiftories under Maximilian the firft , Charles the
fift, Ferdinandthz fecond.and RoAulfthe fecond do (hew: the perfidi-
oufnefsof Ho//*W againlt his Ma jefties Grandfather Vkilip the fecond,
fetcht her food from the Palatinate, neither can his Majefty ever re-
duce the rebellious Hollander /to obedience, unleflehis root be pluckt
up ; which onely motive, befides thefe which 1 alledged before, might
juftly induce him not to furTer a fallen enemy to rife and refume ( as his
ftomack will never fail him) ftrength again.
But albeit it is not to be diffembled that the#f/7m*Princes,efpecially
the Ele&or ofSaxonj. will not approve haply of this tranflation,becaufe
they fear itconduceth too much to the corroborating of the Catho-
lique Caufe: Never thelefs, fince he cannot accufe that aft of Charts the
filth, who for a far lighter caufe deprived John Frederic^ of the Ele-
dorfhip, and confer'd it on Maurice this Dukes great Uncle ; and per-
ceiving that all the Councels of the Cafoinifts do aim to bring in the
Turk, he will not condemn his tranflation : For no lefs is the Lutherans
hatred againft the CMnifts^ as the Catholiques and they think lefs dan-
ger do proceed from the later. It is to be hoped therefore, that the E-
leftorof Saxony, and other Lutheran $rincet t when they fee the buli-
nefs brought to this point, will not fo far difapprove thereof, as to put
themfelves in Arms ; which I (hall (hortly underftand of the moft ex-
cellent Archduke Char Is my brother, who is for this caufe to treat with
the Eledor of Saxony. And thefe motives as they are of great confe-
qtience, fo I imagine you, which are daily of his Majefties Councell,
have pondered them as diligently as my fclf, and therefore that you will
omit nothing that is pertinent to eftablilh this bufinefs, whereby we ob-
tain the long and wilhed fruit thereof, which is the propagation of the
honor of Almighty God through the Empire, and the augmentation of
the common fafety,Family and Dignity.
Beloved
j Ferdinand the Emperour. i r j
jj^oved Don Balthazar } I underftand that there was a motive of great
confideration omitted in my Letter ; to wit, that if we had more coun-
tenance of his Catholique Majefty then we have at this prefent, the Em-
pire (hould always remain in the hands of Catholiques , and fo accor-
ding to reafon in our Houfe, to whofe advancement the Duke of Bava-
ria will willingly concur in recognition of fuch a benefit , being promo-
ted by an Emperour of that Houfe, to fo eminent and high a dignity as
in our letters.
Vienna Ottob. 15. 1621.
King James to Ferdinand the Emperour concerning the
PtUtinate. Novemb. 12
I Ames by the grace of God King of Great Britain, France and Ire-
land, Defender of the Faith ,&c. wilheth health and conftant peace
unto the moft mighty and invincible Prince Fer^nando^ by the fame
grace eleded Roman Emperour, King of Germany, Hungary and Bobe-
mia, Archduke of Arftria, &c. our loving friend andcoufin.
Moft mighty and invincible Prince, Brother, Coufin, and fpeciall lo-
ving Friend ; It is not unknown unto the whole world , much lefs to
your Imperial! Majefty, how earneftly we have hitherto fought and en-
deavoured as well by the diligence of our Ambafladors whom we have
fent, as by the interceflion of the chief German Princes, the appealing of
thofe Bohemian wars ever fince they firft began, and with what ardent
2*al and affedion we have fo much hunted after the defire of peace :
Let it not therefore feem ftrange unto any man, that we take it ill, thac
all the very time when we were (to thcuttcrmoft of our power) trea-
ting of peace, and giving our belt furtherance for the overture of whol-
fome means to effect it ; even then notwirhftanding, we found clean
contrary effefts to enfue thereupon ; whereat we much marvelled, feeing
the Treaty was in hand, and already begun on all fides: as namely a-
mong the reit, that our fon-in-law was wholly defpoiled and robbed of
his hereditary patrimony that remained unto him, excepting the 'lower
Palatinate, which was all by commandment of your Imperiail Majefly,
taken and pofTefTed by the Duke of Bavaria, according as himfelf con-
feflfed, with ftrong ..hand and force of Arms, and that for fuch reafons
asaremferly new, and fuch as the like were never hitherto once heard
of. That notwitbftanding it plainly appcareth by ttie anfwer given unto
our
ri4 Ri#g Jatms to Ferdinand
our AmbafTador, that your Imperial Majefty had caufed the (ufpei.'ion
of that Ban or prefcription in thofe Countries, yet did your Imperial
Majefty permit the taking of Arms again in hand : which alfo after the
lame your Imperial Majefties anfwer, was yet again likewife commanded
to be done in the Lower Palatinate , whereby there hath therein been
fince railed a grievous and cruel war, and moft part of the Country taken
in by the Spaniards powerfull ftrength. But as we diligently obferved
thole things, we cleerly fee what great trouble and mifery hath been oc-
cafioned by this our great patience and long delaying , forbearing and
doubtfulnefs, which without all doubt may be hereafter further occafi-
oned,. and which may perhaps prove heavier then the chief reafons of
this mifery it felf. And therefore we hold it beft and moft expedient that
your Imperial Majefty do at length put a period to this moft unhappy
bufinefs : And for that end and purpofe have thought good at this time
to propound what we prefcribe our Son in law on th'one part to per-
form towards your Imperial Majefty, which we have always councelled
andexhorted our Son in law to do, nor will we fo much as in the ieaft
or.ce doubt of the contrary and adverfe fuccefs therein,but are perfwaded
that your Imperial l^ajefty will be mott gracioufly moved to receive our
Son in law into grace and favour, to redeliver unto him his hereditary
lands and titles which he had enjoyed before thofe Bohemian wars, and
fully to reftore him to his former honours and dignities.In regard where-
of the Count Palatine fhall perform unto your Imperial Majefty as fol-
io weth.
1. He (hall for himfelf and his Son wholly renounce and acquit all
pretence of right andclaim unto the Crown of Bohemia and the incor-
porated Countries thereof.
2. He (hall from henceforward yield all conftant due devotion unto
the Imperial Majefty, as do other obedient Princes Eleftors of the
Empire.
3. He (hall upon his knee crave pardon of the Imperial Majefty.
4. He (hall not hereafter any manner of way either unfittingly carry
or demean himfelf towards the Imperial Majefty, or difturb your King-
doms or Countries.
5. He (hall upon reafonable conditions reconcile himfelf with other
his neighbour Princes and States of the Empire, and hold goodfriend-
fhip with them.
6. And fhall really do all other like things as is above contained, and
that fhall be reafonable and neceflary.
Which propofed Conditions if your Imperial Majefty fhall pleafe to
receive and-sccept of, the feme will bc.a notable teftimony of your Im-
perial
,
King James to Ferdinand tie Emperor. 115
perial Majcfties goodnefs and grace : which how well and acceptable it
will be unto us, (hall be acknowledged and {hewed by our very willing
fervice and unfeigned friendfhip as well towards your Imperial Majefty
as towards the moft renowned houfe of Attftri*. But if it (hall fall out
contrary to our expectation, that thefe our juft demands and well-willed
prefentation (hall not find acceptance, or after this our diligent endeavor
you (hall feek to delay us by the ufing fome new tergiversation, and pre-
tend to ufe that long councel and deliberate advice of the Princes of the
Empire upon thefe our propounded conditions, whereas notwithstanding
your ImperialMajefty exprefly promifed in your laft anfwer freely to de-
clare what (hould be your purpofe and refolution therein : So that there
being no ground to the contrary (as we call God and the world to witnefs
there is not ) and being forced and conftrained by the duty and natural
affedion which we owe and bear to our Children for the prefcrvation of
their honour and welfare, we are refolved to try the uttermoft of our
power for their relief ; efpeciaHy feeing we fue for, defire, and would
obtain and retain no new title of honour for our Son in law, but only to
have again thofe of his own now loft , which he then had and enjoyed
when we matched him with our dear and only daughter : For if in this
diftrefs we (hould leave our Children and their Partifans without councel
help and protection, it would be a foul ftain to our honour.
Let not therefore your Imperial Majefty in regard hereof blame us at
all, if we with a mighty and puifTant Army by force and ftrong hand
feek to recover that which by propounded and reafonable conditions
we could not obtain for the continuance of our friendfhip. But for as
much as it is moft certain this cannot be without the great hurt and pre-
judice of all Chriftendom, the breach of publike peace, and the wound-
ing of our contracted amity and friendfhip with the houfe of Attflria^
which we have ever hitherto by manifold teftimonies uprightly, faith-
fully and inviolably obferved : It is therefore requisite and necefTary
that your Majefty of your innate gracious mildnefs and goodnefs, and
of that moft reverent difcretion wherewith you are endowed, to feek in
time to meet with and prevent thefe fo great evils likely to enfue, and ufe
brotherly love & good will. God almighty long preferve your Imperial
Majefties life, and at laft fo dired your heart, that fweet peace and the
concord of all Chriftendom now rent afunder, may be recovered and
again maintained.
At our Royal Refidence-Town of
REX.
His Impend UMajeJly to Kig James.
H 'is Imperial LMAJcfljte King James, /**.I4. 1621.
COnftans ttque eadem nobufemperfuit mens, idem defiderium, non taw
verbis quam re ipfa demonftrandi quanti tranquillitatem in Imperio
publicam & mutux amiciti* cum vicinu PrincipibM^potiffimum Sereni-
tAtis veftr&finctre colenda ftudiurx aftimaremus* Indefi prate riti temporis
fuccejfta de rebut in utroque Palatinatu tamfuperiore quam inferiure inno-
vtt. de quo literii ad nos datis SerenitM veftra conqtteritur deflexifte videri
fojfint^ illi cftlpa venit omnis intputanda^ quern ab improba cupiditate aliena
ft gnu captantemjiec divini nee humani juris refpettiu^ecfttpremi Domini
fui reverentia, necfacri fa-jur*ndi religio, nee prudentijjimi Soceri con-
ciliHmfobiben potxerint j imo qui }ufto Deijvdicio ea acie infugampro-
fligatKf ufque tdeo obftinatione fua pertinaciter etiamnum inheret , ut
continue nMchinatieniibus per Jagarndorfium, Mansfeildum > aliofq-,cru-
deles facis public* pcrturbatores, Ackaronta potittf movere quamfaniori-
ktu acquiefcere conftlii* ab ufurpatoqtte regjti noftri titulo defifte re (non
off cits per Screnitatem veftram per quam f*nc diligenter interpofitis t fu<*
ex parte quid deferens) <vide*tttr^ nee ullum in hanc ufque horant aninti
paenitentii pgnum dederit. It tuque in tract At u depace inftitucnd* uti con-
defcendamm videt Serenitat vcftra ab eu quos principafiter id concernit
quam nulla mbis caufa vel occafto pwbeatur, Id quidem ingenue profi-
temur, in exulceratijjimo eo negotio, cujtts calamitM univerfum pene orbem
involvit, eum Sevenitati* veftrA candorem, earn animi moderationem t &
fquitatx juftiti&q\refpefl:um enituiffe,ut nihil fit vicijfim quod non ejufdem
defideriis falva fuprema auttoritat noftra C&f4rea,f*lvifq' y lmperii legibus,
tibentertribuamus, qui pro innata nobis benignitate ttquifque condi-
tionibus Arma poni & optatam afflittijfim<e Germaniae pacem reflitui^
quam legit im* executions inftftiper cades & fanguixem Chriftianum glo-
ria/a nomini noftro tropbfa figi nunquam non maluimus. In gratiam itaque
SerenitatU veftra y ut res ipfa deprehendat quanti nobis fit perpetuum cum.
tadem amicitia cultum ncvo fomite fubinde revocari^ licet hatlenus profpc-
ras milit'ut mftrx fucceftus divina benignitas tribuit^ acquiefcimu-s, ut
benevolo traflatu aim* yacie redintigrand* rationes opportune ineantur^
eumque in finem adevitandum iiiarum tempornmque difyendia nunc in eo
fumus ut ferenijjim* Principi Domina Elizabethan CIar<e Eugenia nat<e^
J'nfitnti Hifpaniarum, Archiducifa Auftri<e Y Duciftt Burgundi*, S.tirit^.
ix^ CarnieU^ <j- Wirtinburgit) & frevwciArum Belgii Bur-
gundi-
Earl V Briftol to King James. 1 17
Domint, Confobrin* ac forori nojlr* charijfimjt^ nt iflic in
qmrfttm-vefiraqHoejueSerenitM fiita libtterit fttos cumplen*
facttltate ablegare poterit primttm eumque proximttm affcqmnd* pads
grad*m ceftationem *b amis &qnii conditionibns nomine noftro Cue-
fan (tabiliendum permittemus, prope diem expedituri Lcgatum noflrnm
virgm nobilem^ f ** diligentijjime in grtvijjimo hoc negotio mentem noftram
plenius aperiet, atqtte inde Ml Serenitatem veftram Amntum noftrxm ad rr-
dintegrandx pacts ft*dM proclivcm^ qni non aliter quam quibttfcunquc be*
wvoltntit officiit cum Screnitate vefra, cert are ftttdet ntagis magifqtte ft*
^ cttjus interim confiliagenerofaprtpotens Detts publico orbit com*
iciJJimot everttts difponat. D*t.VKnn*> 14? n. 162,1.
of Briftol te King James.
MOft graeions Sovcraign, it may pleafe your Majefty to remember,
that at my coming out of Spain I fignified unto your Majefty how
far the Duke of Lerma had upon feveraM occafions intimated unto me
an extraordinary defire of this King and State , not onely to maintain
peace and amity with your Majefty r but to lay hold of all things that
may be offered for the nearer uniting of your Majefty and your Crowns;
and that from this generality he had defcended often to have difcourfc
with me of a match for the Princes Highnefs with the fecond daughter
of Spain, alluring me, that in this King and his Minifters there was a
forward difpofition thereunto. But from me he received no other an-
fwer but to thiseffed, That I in the treaty of the former match for the
late Prince,had received fo ftrange and unexpeded anfwer from them, flC
that their demands feemed fo ^improper and unworthy , that I concei-
ved that your Majefty had little reafon to be induced again to give eare
to any fuch overture , or that I (hould again enter into any fuch treaty,
much lefs to be the motioner thereof: Although I would confefs, thac
if I were fully perfwaded of the fincerity of their intentions, and of a-
poflibility of having the faid match effefted , I know not any thing
wherein I would more willingly imploy my endeavours ; but as the cafe
now flood, I was certain, that if I (hould but make any fuch motion
in ngland^ \ fliouid but draw imputation of much weaknefs upon me
Jthere , and no whit advance the caufe, for that your Majefty and you*
Minifters would make no other canftruftion of the motion, but as con-
ftrued to divert the Match of France-, which was treated of,for that your
Ma-jcfty who bui the year before had received fo unpleafing and unequal
1 1 8 Earl of BriMl t* King James .
an anfwcr , {hould now be pcrfwadcd that there was herefo gu'at a
change, as that a match was really defired, there would now need more
then ordinary aflurance. But the Duke of Lerma continuing feverall
times the fame profeflion, and telling me befides that the greateft Ca-
fes might be altered by circumftances , and that die Age of this Prince
was much more proper then that of his brother; I freely let the Duke
know that in cafe I might fee that it was really defired here , and that I
might be able to propound unto my Mafter conditions of fo much ad-
vantage and certainty as might put him and his minifters out of doubt
that this overture was "not again revived from ^ hence either for di-
verfion or winning of time, I would then willingly intimate unto your
Majefty the inclination and defire I found here of having a proportion
for this match once again fet onfoot.The Duke told me he would have a
further conference with me, and that he then no ways doubted to give
fuch fatisfadion as might well allure your Majefty and your Minifters,
that they fincerly defired the match in generall,and would omit nothing
on their fide for the accomodating of particulars that might give furthe-
rance unto it. But the very night before the Duke had appointed a
meeting with me, there came a ^oft difpatcht out of England from the
Spanifi Ambafiador upon the arrivall of Sir Thomas Edmonds into Eng-
land , who brought word that the match with France was abfolutejy
concluded , and that within few days it was to be publiftied : Where-
upon the Duke at our meeting the next morning, told me that it would
be needkfs now to defcend to any particulars in the bufinefs whereof we
are to treat, fince that they had newly received advertifement that the
match with France was fully concluded. And thus for the prefent the
matter refted until! fome rive or fix weeks after ; about which time my
felf was to go into England , and fo taking leave of the Duke, he asked
me whether I had not received advertifement that the match with
France was publiftied. I told him no , but I had certainly heard that it
was not as yet fully concluded : Whreupon he intreated me, that in cafe
I found not the French match in fuch forwardnefs as it could not be
flayed, I would let him know of it ; and that if I (hould fee any kind
of poflibility that the bufinefs we had fpoken of might be fet on foot, I
would advertife him , and that thereupon he would proceed to thofc
particulars which he formerly intended for my fatisfadion.
Herewith I acquainted your Majefty, and finding the SpatiiflAm-
baflador in England had notice from the Duke of our former procee-
dings , and order to further them by all pofiible means he could, efpe-
cially if he {hould underftand that your Majefty were not fully re-
folved of the French match, I thought it fit by this means to let the
Duke
*ft iy"-riftol to King James . i ip
Duke ^nderftand in what eftate I found thofe bufinefles in England ;
and thereupon with your Majefties permifiion, I wrote a letter unto him
to this effed.
That although it were true that the Match with France had been
treated of with much earneftnefs on both fides.and with great likelihood
of being concluded ; yettthere daily arofe fo many difficulties, and new
cafes of delay, that I judged it far from any perfect conclufion, neither
did I fee caufe abfolutely to defpair of the bufinefles which our felves
pretended, unlefs the difficulty of the Conditions {hould makeitdefpe-
race. But if thofe things {hould be expected by Spain , which in the
Treaty for the late Princefs were demanded, it were better by much not
to renew the bufinefs , then by impoflible or unfitting propofitions on
either fide to give diftaftc, or leflen the friendftiip which now was be-
twixt your Majefties. And therefore except that in Spain they would
be contented with fuch conditions as your Majefty moft fittingly and
conveniently might yield unto, and all other Catholique Princes were
willing to content themfelves with, I neither faw caufe to hope for good
fuccefs, or reafon to fet the treaty on foot. But in cafe I might know
that the conditions in point of Religion might be fuch as I {hould fee a
poilibility of your Majefties condefcending unto them, I (hould fee far
from defpairing of fome good effed ; for that I knew that divers not of
the meaneft nor leaft power with your Majefty were hereunto well in-
clined, and would give their helping hands.
Hereupon the Spanifti Ambaflador difpatcht his Secretary into Spaing
and received anfwer from the Duke, that he (hould give me all aflurance'
that there was a great defire and inclination to the making of the Match,
and that at my return into Spain they no way doubted but that I (hould
receive fuch fatisfadion, as {hould make it appear on their part there
{hould be nothing wanting for the effeding of it.
It now remaineth what hath pafled herein fince my laft coming to
this Court. I arrived here in Madrid only a day or two before Chrift-
mafs j and having fome fix dayes after my audience appointed by the
King,whilft I was in a withdrawing chamber expeding the Kings coming
forth, the Duke ofLerma came thither to bear me company ; and after
many refpedfull demands of your Majefty, and the Queens and the
Princes health, and fome few complements unto my felf concerning my
welcom again unto this Court, he fell to fpeak of thefalfe Alarms we
had in England concerning a Spanifti Armado, feeming much to be dif-
pleafed that any credit (hould be given to any thing to his Majefties dif-
honour and want of fidelity ( as he termed it, ) But your Majefty ( he
faid) did never believe it : And it feems he heard of fome p'eafant anhver
yew
E*rl of Briftol to Kinglet*.
year Majefty fhould make to fome one of your Minifters, that u J,^at
nafte came unto your Majefty when you were a hunting , and told you
that the Spanifh Fleet was in the Channel. . From this he entred into*
great proteftations of the fincerity of this Kings affedion and intention
towards your Majefty, telling me that I fliould now fee how much they
defired to work a greater neerncfs and uniting }>etween your Majefties :
And that of the principal bufinefs of which we had in former time fpo-
ken, meaning the Marriage, he defired to fpeak with me, butitmuftbc
at more leifure. I anfwered, that I would not fail (hortly to wait upon
him, and that he (honld find me anfwerable to the profefiions I had
made, which was, thai being induced thereunto by fuch fufficient and
good grounds as might fatisfie my Mafter both for the conveniencie and
fittingnefs of having fuch a Treaty fet on foot, and likewife might take
away all objections of their intents of entertaining and diverting your
Majefty hereby, I would be as ready to do all good offices and give fur-
therance to the bufinefs, as any Miniftet the King of Spain had. And
this was all that at our firft meeting palled in this bufinefs.
About fome eight days after, I having not in all this time ftirred out
of my houfc under colour of being ill difpofed, though the truth was
indeed to inform my felf of fome particulars which concerned your Ma-
jefties fervice, before I would fpeak with the Duke : He being (as I have
fince underftood ) fomething troubled that in all this time I made no
means to come unto him , one morning by nine of the clock very pri-
vately came to my houfe, without advertising of his coming ( as the
cuftom is here ) untill the Coach flayed at my gate, and then he fent in
a Gentleman to me , telling me that the Duke was there to fpeak with
me. When I had conducted the Duke into a room where we were pri-
vate, he fell into th'aforefaid matter, and in the manner as I (hall here
fet down unto your Majefty, without making any other pretence or in-
tent of his coming, or without ufing in the fpacc of an houre any fpeech
touching any other bufinefs.
After fome few queftions of your Majefty and the Queen, he began
to ask many things of the Prince, as of his age, his ftature, his health, his
inclination, to what fports he was chiefly given ? And then fuddenly, as
it were with a paflionate expreffion of affedion, he defired God to blefs
him, and to make turn the means by which your Majefties might be con-
joyned in a neerer alliance, and your Kingdoms in a perpetual amity :
laying unto me, that he was out of doubt of my good inclination to this
bufinefs, both by what had formerly pafled between our felve% as like-
wifc by my proceedings in England, whereof he had been fully informed
by ilte Spaoiih Amteflador. And therefore he would in few words deal
with
0/Briftol tt #/> James. 121
with ^te with much cleernefs and freenefs, afTuring himfelf he fbould re-
ceive the like meafurefrom me; and thereupon entred into a folemn
proteftation, how much this King defired the Match i and for himfelf
he folemnly fwore, there was no one thing in the world he more defired
to fee before he dyed, then the erTeding thereof. But my Lord Am-
baflador (faid he) you muft deal as juftly with me to let me underftand
whether you conceive the like defire to be in the King of England
and his Miniftcrs , and then I fhall proceed to fpeak further unto
you.
I anfwered the Duke, That I ever efteemed more the-reputation of
a man of truth and integrity,then of skill and fubtilty : which I did hope
he did well perceive by what I was to fay, for that I was much more de-
firous fairly to go off from this bufmefs, then eafily to go into it. And
therefore if he would have me fpeak my confcience, I neither conceived
that either in your Majefty or any of your Mintfters there was any kind
ef inclination thereunto ; for that they having formerly given fo rcfo-
lute and diftaftefull an anfwer, your Majefty had juftcaufe never again
to caft fo much as your thoughts this way : And though it might be al-
leadged, that the fitnefs of the Prince his years, and other civil regards
might caufe new refolutions, yet the difference of Religion were ftill the
fame, and the fame were the truths, and opinions of Divines in matter
of confcience ; and therefore it would not but be a thing of great diffi-
culty to perfwade your Majefty and your Minifters that a Match (hould
be hearkened unto, much lefs defired from hence, but upon the fame
terms the very thought and remembrance whereof is yet unpleafing in
EngUnd. So that to deal plainly with him, I neither found in your Ma-
jefty or in the Councel any kind of thought or imagination of any poili-
bility of having any fcch motion again revived. But this I fougd not to
grow from any particular diflike or want of affedion in your Mijefty to
Spai,or that many of the greateft or the principalleft perfon in England
judged not the-neernefs and alliance of Spain equally valuable with any
other of Chriftendom ; but that out of a diftaftefulnefs of the former
anfwer given from hence, all expectation of any bufmefs of this nature
was abfolutely extinguifhed,and therefore again to revive it there would
need more then ordinary endeavours or ordinary affurances : But in cafe
that they might be given, I know that this Match would neither want
well-willers nor afliftants and for my own part I would freely make
profeflion that no man more defired it then my felf, nor would more
willingly imploy his endeavours for the furthering thereof, when by the
defccnding to particulars I {hould fee both in regard of the conditions
and the affurances of fincere proceeding, the motion worthy and fit by a
R difcreet
S^rl of Briftol to King j^nes.
difcreet and good fervant to be offered to his Matter ; neith*. ' then
(hould I be wholly out of hope of good fuccefs , though I would not buc
eiteem it a bufmefs of infinite difficulty.
The Duke replied, That any difcourfe that I thought fit herein {hould
be condefcended unco, for that all time was loft that was fpent in gene-
ralities : And therefore if I fo liked, he would move this King , that one
or two befides himfelf might be appointed to have conference with me ;
for that if he {hould only retain it in his hands, by reafon of his many
occupations it would have a flower progrefs then he wifhed ; but if I
would by way of conference digeft the difficulties into heads and particu-
lars, he would as often as he might be prefent at our meeting : But for
his own parr, he faidhe apprehended few but what would arife out of the
difference of Religion.
I told the Duke, that I very well approved of the defcending into par-
ticulars, neither {hould I refufe conference with any herein whom the
King would appoint to fpeak with me : But if his meaning were, that
thefe perfons {hould be nominated or joyned by way of Comraifiion,
1 thought fit to let him underftand that I neither had any time, nor did
at prefent fpeak of this bufinefs either by order or direction, no nor fo
much as by your Majefties privity, but as a Minifter that defired to lay
hold of all occafions for the increafing of further love &neernefs betwixt
his Mafter and the Prince to whom he is imployed,! {hould be glad to the
uttermoft of my power to advance and further this caufe, as that which
I apprehended to be che greateft which the world now affordeth for the
firm uniting of your Majefties and your eftates.
The Duke told me, that the King would make no fcruple to declare
his good inclination and defire to have this Match proceeded in ; and
that for &f e accommodating of the difficulties, he had already ufcd divers
diligences with the Pope, as likewife with the greateft Divines of this
Kingdom, whereof he named fome unto me, whom he faid he found
very well inclined to the Match : he told me alfo he would be glad they
might fpeak with me, to the end I might truly underftand of them all
kind of fcruples that could be alleadged. J anfwered, I defired nothing
more ; and that I could not but approve of thofe courfes he prefcribed,
as the moft probable to produce a good effed , and that I hoped God
would give happy fuccefs unto the bufinefs : But I {hould be bold in one
thing to deliver my opinion, which was, No wayes to interefs our Ma-
fters herein, unlefs by the underftanding and cleering the difficulties on
both {ides, there {hould be great appearances and probabilities that the
bufinefs would take erfed: For if their names {hould be herein ufed, and
after their Treaty {hould not be fuccefsfull, it would but exafperate and
breed
. - . .
Earl of Briftol t$ King James . 123
breeu a greater diftafte betwixt your Majeftie*. The Duke told me, he
himfelf mifliked not my opinion; though he faid that howfoeyer than bu-
finefs fucceeded, yet your Majefty (hould have reafon to accept kindly
this Kings good intention, for that if ft mifcarried, it (hould appear not
to be their default, but that they had ftretched as far as honor and
conference would give them leave. And thus much he faid I might
write unto your Majefty if I thought fit, or to my confident friends in
England upon his word and afTurance : and fo telling me that he would
prclcntly appoint thofe that (hould confer with me in this bufinefs, we
then parted.
Within two days after I went to the Duke, and after that I had fpo-
ken with him about the bufinefs of Cleves according to my inftrudion,
whereof I gave an account unto Mr. Secretary in a difpatch directed un-
to him, we fell again into the fpeech of the match.
The Duke told me had well considered of that which I had faid unto
him, and much approved it, not to intereft our Mafters in the bufinefs,
until we (hould fee fome likelihood of good fuccefs.
And for that he fuppofed the difference of Religion like to prove the
onely difficulty of confideration, he thought it fit that it (hould be firft
clearedjand therefore he would break the matter with the Cardinall of
Toledo^, the Kings Confeffor,and with them he joyned another learned
man,one Father Frederic^ who fincecl underftand is a Jefuite, but truly
hath the report of a moderate man. Thefe the Duke faid (hould have
order to confer with me as far as might be,referving fafe the grounds and
(incerity of their Religion.! anfwered the Dnke,that I was well fatisfied
herewith, and that if their demands were fuch as might content any o-
ther Catholique Prince,! (hould have hope of good fuccefs; if othcrwife,
I (hould judge it a happinefs to be put out of doubt and fufpence, and fo
we pafled from this fubjeft.
I prefume to fet down to your Majefty all the paflages of this bufinefe
with fo much length and fulnef c ,?or that I no way dare adventure to offer
unto your Majefty any opinion or belief of my own, either for the fitnels
of the match, or the fincerity of their intention, or the poflibility of ac-
commodating differences of Religion. But your Majefty feeing undi
guifed all that hath hitherto patted, with every circumftance , may be
pleafed out of the confideration and knowledg of thofe particulars to
frame unto your felf both fuch a beliefe of their dired meaning , and
fuch a refolution of the further proceeding herein, as (hall be moft fuit-
able to your Majefties wifdonv onely I think it fit to fet down further
unto your Majefty the particular ends which may be conceived they aim
at by fetting this bufiaefs afoot at this prefent , in cafe they (hould not
R 2 intend
124 Z* ri f Briftol to Kig James .
intend really to perform it : The firft may be to ftagger and divert your
Majefties Treaty with France \ The fecond for entertaining your Ma je-
tty with fair hopes and promifes, thereby to keep you from declaring
your felf oppofite unto them in the prefent bufinefs of Jttliers and
Cleves which remainech ftill uncompounded. But this being fo, your
Majefty may be pteafed to underftand that they ferve chemfelves with,
this occafion, not that there could be any fueh thing primarily in their
.intention, for that the expredion of their defire to the match was the
lai* year long before thefe differences happened.
Further, the Duke of Lerma(hou\d be the moft falfand diftionorable
man living, -without Chriftianity or foul, if he (hould voluntarily damn
himfelf with oathes and protections of a thing that he (incerely meant
noc ; and truly he (hould deal contrariiy to the wifdom of his other
proceedings, wherein he layeth all occafions of diftafte or difoourtefk
ipon other inferior Miniiters, labouring iiill to clear himfelfofthe im-
putation of them, if in this he fhould make himfelf the author and in-
itrument of fo unjuft and indirect proceeding between Princes. But the-
courfe of molt fesurity aud caution is , that your Majefty fuffer none of
your other refolutions to be interrupted by this overture; onely if your
Majefty be pleafed for a while to entertain and fufpend the conclufion
ef the match with France, I conceive it can be little to your Majcfties
difadvantage.
It laftiy now remaineth , that I become an humble fuiter unto your
Majefty for your clear and full directions in this buftnefs, deftring if
your Majefty will have it further entertained,that I may have ample in-
ftrudions from your Majefty, both that I may intimate what may be ex-
pected in point of Dowry ,and in all other things to be required by your
Majefty , as likewife-how far I may proceed in fatisfying in point of Re-
ligion. For it is not to be fuppofed that they wil proceed with that free-
aefs and dirednefs which is to be wiflied, unlefs in a fitting meafure
they fhall fee me likewife able and willing to declare my felf in fuch
points wherein they may exped fatisfadion.I intend not hereby to move
for a formall Commiffion to treat^but onely a private inftrudtion for my
diredion and warrant how to behave my felf as may be moft advanta-
gious to the caufe, and your Majefties ends. So humbly defiring your
Majefly to command this Bearer to be difpatched bacs with all conve-
nient fpeed I commend your Majefty to the holy protection of God.
Your Majeftres faithfull fubjed and fervant,
BRISTOL.
Abignpto
Abignoto t& Conde Gondomar, ^r. , 115
Abignoto to Cwde Gondomar, concerning the death
of Philip the third>
v TPonthelaft day of F^r/M^; being fo#^, 1610. his Cathoh'que
V Maj'efty, after he had heard Mafs and the Sermon in the Chappel,
was taken with a Feaver, which continued with him eight dayes with a
ruddinefs and pimples which appeared plainly in his face, which after-
wards began to diminifh : but he was fuddenly taken with a vomiting
and a great feaver, which continued with him till the 21. day ; and the
Phyfitians were of opinion to have hinrriie out of his bed, which was
accordingly done both that day and the next: but about dinner-time
happened unto him a great fwouning, which much aftonifht him ; and
the 23. day, in the night, his feaver did redouble upoahim with a vowit-
ing and a flux in the belly, and a great melancholy and an opinion that
he {hould die : which feaver continued with divers reduplications, the
Phyfitians having an ill opinion of him till on Saturday night the 27.
when his reduplications were more violent, his water bai ; and the King
perfevered in faying how he fawwell that he {hould die, he commanded
that the Image of our Lady of t/fntiochU {hould be carried about,
which was performed on Sunday the 28. in a folemn Proceffion, where-
in the Councellors of Spain aflifted.
In the evening commandment was given to the Churches, that the
bleffed Sacrament {hould be fet upon the Altar, and the body ofS.lJfdore
{hould be placed in the Court. On Munday the 29. about four of the
clock in the evening, his difeafe then grew violent, and fome ulcers ap-
peared on his bdly, on his reins, and on his thighs ; and the King tiill
aflbring himfelf that he ftiould die , the Phyfitians then feeling his pulfe
affirmed that undoubtedly they aflented unto the King in the opinion he
conceived of his infirmity. At the fame time the Prefident of Caftile
was fent for, and the Confeffor, who having had fome fpeech with the
King and the Duke of offttna, they went and fetcht the Councellors,
before whom and the Grandees of Spain who were prefent , the King
fealed his Teftament, which fthn de Serita Secretary of State had fee
down in writing in his prefence. Afterwards they caufed him to eac
fomewhat ; and being advifed how it would be good for him to fleep,
he made this anfwer in Spanifl), En Jornada tan long* j tiempe tan breve
ne.tonvie*e repofar ; Upon fo long a journey^and fo fliorc a time to per-
form.
1 26 Abignoto to Conde Gondomat
form it, I muft not reft. Then he fent for the Prince, and the young
Child Don Carlo, to whom having fpoken for a good while, at length
in particular to the Prince he faid aloud how he recommended unto him
the Child, and that he grieved that he fhould have been unprovided,but
he hoped he left him in the hands of a good & loving brother. Then faid
he to the Prince, that he requeued him that he would not do as he did
at his coming to the Crown , in removing his Fathers old Officers and
Servants, but that he would imploy thofe who were experienced in af-
fairs of the Commonwealth ' he then commended unto him particularly
John deLuenza, Secretary of the Memorials,and his Confeflbr, and after-
wards the Duke of Offttna. Then was presently brought in the Infanta
Maria, and the Infante-Cardinal. He cryed out when he faw the Infanta
and faid, Maria, I am full forry that I muft die before I have married
thee ; but this thy brother (hall have care of. He then turned towards
her brother, and faid unto him, Prince, do not forfake her till you have
made her an Emprefs. Then he fpake unto the Cardinal Infant, whom
he appointed to be a Prieft fo foon as he (hould come to be of fit age,and
faiothat he (hould be much grieved if he thought he would not under-
take this profefiion. He had fent for Madam the Princefs,but (he fwoun-
ed upon her entry at the chamber-door, which was the caufe that (he
was conduded back again unto her own chamber, fearing left it might
be prejudicial unto her being great with child. Which being reported to
the King , he (hewed great compaftion thereat, and faid that he ever
conftantly believed that Madam the Princefs loved him as well as any of
his own children. After that he began to fpeakofthe Queen, faying
how (he (hould lofe a good Husband, and that he had always loved her
clearly. Afterwards he diftributed between the Prince and the Infanta
the Reliques and other memorials he had, except one Crucifix which
liung at the teitern of the bed, and faid unto the Prince that he could
r.ot give it him then, becaufe it was the fame with which his Grandfather
and Father had dyed ; but he commended it to him to be held with great
reverence after his death, and that the Popes had given unto it fpecial
Indulgences. Afterwards giving them all his b letting, he caufed them to
go forth j and fo calling for the blefTed Sacrament , which was admini-
lired unto him about midnight, he received the Extreme undion at
two of the clock in the morning, and fo commended himfelf unto God.
Yet did he not for all this forbear to feal to a great number of papers
which were brought him : And complaining very much, he refufed fuch
meat as they would have had him take. About noon the Body of St.
Jfidorc was placed neer unto his bed, his Confeflbr and Father Florence
perfwading him to make a vow for his health, and that he would build a
Chappel
iflg the death tf Philip j.
Chf^pel to the fame Saint , which he did , but withail faid, Pero ya es
tarde. But now it is very late. He continued all the reft of the day fpeak-
ing continually to the Father Confeflfor, father Florence, and Roch.ts.
Many procefiions of penance were folemnized in the Town, and the
Councel aflembled twice. About the evening his infirmity renewed with
violence, and having languiflied the whole night, in the morning his de-
parture was publilhed, though indeed it was not till about nine of the
clock in the morning, the laft of March, the felf fame day of our return.
Which will inform you of all things palled, at leait of fuch as came any
ways to our knowledge.The Queen ftir'd not out of her bed all that day,
for fear left either trouble or grief of mind ( whereof (he gave plentiful
teftimony by her tears) might prejudice her health, or the fruit of her
body, which (he hath pafled over (thanks be to God) whereof we fend
you word, that the good news may (hut up the difcourfe of an accident
fo lamentable and unlocked for.
Ring James to the Earl of Briftoll Ambaffador in
Ottob. 3. 1622,
Right trujly and right well he loved Coufitt and Comcellor y we greet
you mil.
THere is none knowes better then your felf how we have laboured
ever fince the beginning of thefe infortunate troubles of the Em-
pire, notwithftandingall oppofition to the contrary, to merit well of our
good brother the King of Spain^ and the whole Houfeof Auftriajoy a
long and lingring patience grounded ftill upon his friendftiip and pro-
mifes, That care (hould be had of our honour, and of our Childrens pa-
trimony and inheritance. We have acquainted you alfo from time to
time fince the beginning of the Treaty at Bruxels how crofsly things
have there proceeded, notwithftanding the fair profeflions made unto us
both by the King of SfAtnjhs Infanta & all his Minifters,and the Letters
written by him unto the Emperor, and them effectually ( at the leaft as
they endeavoured to make us believe) but what fruits have ueof all
thefe, other then dishonour and fcorn ? Whilft we are treating , the
Town and Cattle of Heidilbergh taken by force, our Garrifon put to
the fword, Mankeim befieged, and all the hoittlity ufed that is within
the power of an Enemy, as you will fee by the relation which we have
commanded our Secretary to fend you.
Oar
1 28 King James tt the Earl of Eiiftol.
Our pleafure therefore is, That you (hall immediatly asfoon as yba
can get audience, let the King undcrftand how fenfible we are of thofe
proceedings of the Emperour towards us; and withall are not a little
troubled to fee that the Infant A having an abfolute commiffion to con-
clude a fufpenfion and ceflation of Arms, (houldnow at laft when all
objections were anfwered, and the former (folely pretended^ obftacles
removed , not onely delay the conclufion of the Treaty ,but refufe to
lay her command upon the Emperours Generals for abftaming from the
fiege of our Garrifons during the Treaty upon pretext of want of au-
thority. So as for avoyding of further dishonor, we have been enforced
to recall both our Ambafladors, as well the Chancellor of the Exche-
quer (who is already returned to our prefence) as alfo the Lord Chiche-
^ whom we intended to have fent unto the Emperour to the Dyet at
Seein
ing therefore that out of our extraordinary refped: meer-
Jy to the King of Spain find the firm confidence we ever pat in the hopes
and promifes which he did give us , defiring nothing more then for his
caufe principally to avoid all occafions that might put us into ill under-
. (landing with any of the Houfe of Auftria, We have hitherto procee-
ded with a ftedfaft patience trufting to the treaties , and neglecting all
other means which mrght probably have fecured the remainder of our
childrens inheritance. Thofe Garrifons which we maintained in the Pa-
latinate,being rather for honor fake to keep a footing untill the generall
accommodation,then that we did rely fo much upon their ftrength as up-
on his frienpftiip,and by the confidence & fecurity of ours are thus expo-
fed to diftionor reproach: youftial tell that King,that feeing all thofe
endeavours and good offices which he hath ufed towards the Emperour
in this bufmefs, on the behalf of our fon-in-law, upon confidence
whereof that our fecurity depended,which he continually by his Letters
and Minifters here laboured to beget and confirm in us, have not forted
to any other ifiue then to a plain abufe both of his truft and ours ;
whereby we are both of us highly injured in our honour, though in a
different degree we hope,& deflre that out of a true fenfe of this wrong
offered unto us , he will as our deer and loving brother faithfully pro-
mife and undertake upon his honor, confirming the fame alfo under his
hand and feal, either that the Caftle and Town of Heidelbergh (hall
within threefcore and ten dayes after this your audience, and demand
made, berendred into our hands.with all things therein belonging , to
o ir fon-in-law, or our daughter,as neeras maybe,in the ftate wheirn they
were taken ; and the like for Manbeim and Frtnkindale^ if both or ci-
the of them (hall be taken by the enemy whilft thefe things are in treat-
ing; as alfo that there (hall be within the faid term of threefcore and ten
day*
0/Briflol t$ Ki
-ilayy, a eeflation or fufpenfion of Arms in the Palatinate for the future
, upon the feverall Articles and Conditions laft propounded by our Am-
baflador Sir Richard Wefton^ and that the generall treaty (hall be fet on
foot again upon fuch honorable terms and conditions as were propound-
ed unto the Emperour in a letter written unto him in November laft, and
with which the King of Sfaiuihen (as we underftand ) feemed fatisfied,
or elfe in cafe all thefe particulars be not yeilded unto, and[performed by
the Emperour, as is here propounded, but be refufed or delayed beyond
the time afore mentioned, that then the King of Spain do joyn his for-
ces with ours, for the recovery of our childrens honors and patrimony,
which upon this truft hath been thus loft. Or if fo be his forces at this?
prefent be otherwife fo imployed, as that they cannot give us that afti-
ftance which we here defire, and as we think we have deferved, yet at
the leaft he will permit us a free and friendly paflage through his Terri-
tories and Dominions for fuch forces as we fhall fend and imploy into
Germany for this fervice : of all which disjunctively, if you receive noc
of the King of Spain within ten days at the furtheft, after your audi^
eRce and propofition made, a dired aflurance under his hand and feal,
without delay or putting us off to further Treaties and Conferences,that
is to fay, of fuch reftitution, eeflation of Arms, and proceeding to a ge-
nerall treaty, as is before mentioned,x>r elfe of afliftanccand joyninghis
forces with ours againft the Emperour , or at leaft permifiion of paflage
for our forces through his faid Dominions , that *hen you take your
leave and return unto our Prefcnce without further ftay; otherwife
to proceed in the negotiation of the marriage of our Son, according to
the inftrudion we have iven you. Given, &c. at Hampton
Ottok 3.
Earltf Briftol tt King James, Oftd.ii. 162%.
MAy it pleafe your moft excellent Majefty,! receivedjyour Majcfties
Letter of the p.of Septet the 23. of the fame moneth,& by them
underftand that your Ma jefty hath received much fatisfhdion by what
I had formerly written unto your Ma jefty both concerning the reftitu-
tion of the Prince Palatine, as likewife of this Kings refolution to proceed
to the concluiion of the Match :- but that your Majefty findeth the ef-
feds very unfuitable, both by the proceeding at Brttxels, &inthe/V
e, as alfo by what you underftand from Rome by Mr. Gage of the
S Popes
x jo I *r I of Briftol to K'wg James .
Popes demands. I hope by the arrival of Ux.Cottington your Ma'efty
will. have received fatisfadion in fome meafure, at leaft that there hath
been no diligence or time omitted either for the redre fling of any thing
that hath been amifs , or for the advancing of your Majefties affairs.
The very day I received your Letters, IfentaGentlemanpoft unto
the King who was gone into the Efcurial, to demand audience, which
he prefently granted me, and I repaired thither unto him upon the third
of Ottober , the Conde de Gondomar being likewife commanded to waic
upon the King, I was there well received ; and prefently upon my ar-
rival the Conde de Olivarez* came to me to the lodgings which were
appointed for me to reft in. To him I delivered fully in the prefence of
Sir Walter Ajbton and the Conde de Gondomar, what I had to negotiate
with the King, both in the bufinefs of the Match, and of the Palatinate,
In the Match I reprefented how much it imported your Majcfty that a
fpeedy refolution might be taken therein, both in regard of the Prince
being your Majefties onely fon, now arrived to the age of 22 years,
and for the fetling of your affairs in England. I repeated unto him all
the paflages in this Treaty, how many years had been already fpent in it;
that after fo long an expectation, the diligences ufed in Rome for the
obtaining of the Difpenfation had wrought but fmall effed, fmce the
Pope had lately made fuch demands as were altogether impoflibie for
your Majefty to eondefcend unto ; and therefore your Majefty feeing the
hufinefs ftill dekyed,held it fit that fome fuch courfe might be taken that
both your Majefties might fpeedily know what you were to truft unto ;.
and therfore had comanded me to fignifie unto this King your uttermoft
refolution how far you would eondefcend in point of Religion towards
what the Pope had demanded^ & if herewith this King could be fatisfied,.
your Maj.defire that we might proceed to a final and fpeedy conclufion ;
otherwife that this King would likewife cleerly declare himfelf.that your
Majefty might lofe no more time in the difpofing of the Prince your fon.
Hereunto the Co ndedtORwre*. anfwerM with fome length,the Jubilance
I (hall only prefurne to fet down briefly to your Majefty. He propofed a
fincere intention and refolution in the King to make the Match , and
that there (hould not be one day loft j for the fpeedy difpatch thereof
imported them as much as. your Majefty ; and to the end that no time
may be loft, this King had the next day, after for Don Balthazar de
Zittniga appointed Don Ferdiuando de Giron.'m his place in the Com-
mifiion : That for the going of Mr. </<* from Rome, and the Popes de-
mands, they were abfolutely ignorant of them j That the King had done
all that I my {elf defired for the redrefs of this error : That I might afllire
your Majefty that you (hall find all fincerity and cleer proceeding, with-
eut any houres delay more then of neceflity chc nature of the bufinefs
As
to King James. 131
As for the bufinefs of the /V^fjWe, I prefented at large the merits
1 -of your Majefties proceeding , the many promifes made from hence ;
yet notwithftanding the whilft your Majefty was treating at Bruxels,
Heidelberg one of the three places which were only left, and where your
Majefty had Garrifons, was befieged by the Archduke Leopold and
Monfieur Tilly ; that this King had withdrawn his Forces, and fo ex-
pofed the Palatinate abfolutely to the Emperor and the Duke of B*.vr
ria. The Conde de Olivare*, anfwered me, by acknowledging how much
your Majefties proceedings had deferved at the Emperor and this Kings
hands: That whatfoever your Majefty could exped, or had been at
any time promifed, fhould by this King be really performed : That the
Prince Palatines own courfes hitherto had been the only hindcrance of
the-effeding of it: That he referred it unto your Majefties own juft
judgment, whether the calling of this Kings forces out of the Palatinate
were with any ill intention, or mcerly for the defence of 'Flanders, which
otherwife had been put in great hazard by Count Mansfield, as your
Majefty faw by what had really pafled : That the fiege of Heidelbergh
was no way by the confent or knowledge of this King or any of his
Minifters,but was generally difapproved by them all.
I told them, I conceived that was not enough j for that your Majefty
had engaged your felf to this King , that in cafe your Son-in-law would
not conform himfelf, you would not only forfake him, but would de-
clare your felf againft him, and give the Emperor afliftance for the re-
ducing of him to rcafon, and that your Majefty could not but exped a
like reciprocal proceeding from the King. He anfwered, your Majefty
fhould fee the Kings fincerity by theeSeds; andthztifHeidelbergh
fhould be taken, and the Emperor rerufe to reftore it, or to condefcend
to fuch accommodation as fhould be held reafonable , this King would
infallibly affift your Majefty with his Forces. And this he fpake with
great afiurance, and wifhed me to defire your Majefty to be confi-
dent you would find nothing but real and fine ere proceedings from
hence.
I was then prefently called for to the King , to whom I fpake firft in
the bufinefs of the Match, and delivered him the contents thereof in
writing , which 1 have fent to Mr.Secretary. I received from him the
fame anfwer ineffed as from the Conde de Olivarex., That he defired
the Match no lefs then your Majefty ; That on bis part there fhould be
no time loft for the bringing of it to a fpeedy conclusion. In the bufinefs
of the Palatinate I fpake unto the King with fome length , repeating
many particulars of your Majefties proceedings, and how much your
honour was like to fuifer, that now whilft you were treating,HWf/^rf h
S z defended
Earlfif Bf idol to King James,'
defended by your Garrifons, was like to be taken. The Kir u
me, He would effectually labour that your Majefty (hould have^cntire
fatisfaftion ; and rather then your Majefty (hould fail thereof, he would-
imploy his Arms to effed it for you. My Lord Ambaflador Sir Walter
Ajhton accompanied me at my audience, and was a witnefs of all that
patted as wel with the King, as with the Conde 4e Olivarez
Within few dayes after the newes of the taking of Heidettergh came
father : whereupon I difpatched again to the King in fuch fort as I have
sf. large advertifed Mr. Secretary Calvertt The effeft of my Negotiation
was, that they on the 13. ofotteber difpatched Letters away of the Em-
jperors and Duke of Bavaria's proceedings. But preffing them further
sn regard their former Letters have wrought fo little efled, they have
given me at prefent a fecond Difpatch, which I have fent unto the In-
fauta, and whereof Mr. Secretary will give your Majefty an account,
which I conceive will procure your Ma jefties better fatisfadton then hi-
therto you have received from the Emperor and his party.
Eor the bufinefc of the match,! have written to Mr. Secretary what is.
tp be faid at prefent ; and will only add, that as I fhould not willingly
give your Majefty hope upop uncertain grounds, fo I will not conceal
what they profefs, which is, That they will give your Majefty real and
fpeedy fatisfa&ion therein. And if they intended it not, they are falfer
then all the Devils in hell ; for deeper oaths and proteftations of fm-
cerity cannot be made.
It will only remain, that I feumbly caft my felf at your Majefties feet
for that addition of Title wherewith it hath pleafed you to honour me
and my pofterity. My gratitude and thankfulnefs wanteth expre/fion,
and (hall only fay unto your Majefty, That as all I have either of for-
tunesor honour, I hold it meerly of your bounty and goodnefs ; fo fhall
J ever cheerfully lay them down with my life into the bargain, for the
Service of your Majefty and yours.
So with my humble prayers for the heajth and profperity of your
Majefty, I humbly commend your Majefty to Gods holy protection,,
and reft,
IMajefties moft humble
fcrvant andfubjeft,
.". Philips totbe Conde dhVare*. AndkitAnpHtt.
King Philip the third of'Spzm to tht Condc of Olivarez.
THe King my Father declared at his death that his intention never
was to marry my fifter the Infanta Donn* Maria with the Prince
of waits , which your Uncle Don Balte^er well underftood,and fo trea-
ted this match ever with an intention, to delay it, notwithstanding it is
now fo far advanced, that confidering withall the averfnefs unto it of the
Infanta, as it is high time to feekfome means to divert the treaty,
\yhichlwouldhaveyoufindout, and I will make it good whatfoever
it be ; but in all other things procure the fatisfadion of the King of
Great Britain, who hath deferved very much, and it (hall content me, fo
that it be not the match.
Gonde Olivare* bis Anfotr to the King.
Sir,
COnfidering in what eftate we find the Treaty of marriage between
Spain m& England , and knowing certainly how the Minifters did
underftand this bufinefs, that treated it in the time of Philip the third,
who is now in heaven, that their meaning was never to effed: k ; but by
enlarging the treaties and points of the faid marriage , to make ule of
the fnendihip of the King of Greaf Britain^ as well in the matter of
Germany as thofe off landers; and fufpeding likewife that your Majefty
is of the fame opinion ( although the demonftrations do not (hew fo );
jcyning to thofe fufpitions that it is certain that the Infant* Donna Ata-
ri*. is refolved to put her felf into the Monaftery the fame day that your
Majefty (hall prefs her to make the marriage , I have thought fit to pre- -
fent to your Majefty that which my good zeal hath afforded me in this
occafton, thinking it a good time to acquaint your Majefty withall, to '
the end you may refolve of that which you (hall find moft convenient -
with the advice of thofe Minifters that you (ball think fit,
The King of Great Britain doth find himfelf at this time equally in
the two bufmeffes , the one is the marriage to the which he is moved by
the conveniences which he finds in your Ma jellies friend (hip with making
an agreement with thofe Catholiques that lie thinks are fecredy in his
Xingdom , and by this to affure himfelf of them, ; as iikewife to marry
his.
5 34 Conde Olivarez & tnfoer to the Ring.
his fon to one of the houfe of Aufiria, Indwing that the Infanta Dot*
na Maria, is the beft born Lady in the world. Th'other bufinefle is, the re- .
ftitution of the Palatinate, in which he is yet more ingaged.For (befides*
that his reputation is at ftake there is added) the love and intereft of his
Grandchildren, fons of his onely daughter. So that both by the law of
Nature, and reafon of State, he oiight to put them before whatfoever
conveniences might follow by diflembling what they fuffer. I do not
difpute whether the King of Great Britainj be governed in thisbufinefs
of the Palatinate by Art or friendfhip , I think a man may fay he hath
ufed both ; but as a thing not precifely neceffary to this difcourfe, I
omit it. I hold it for a majcimc, that thefe two Ingagements in which he
finds himfelf, are unfeparable : for although the marriage be made, we
muft fail in that which in any way of underftanding is .moft neceflary,
which is the reftitution of the Palatinate. This being fuppofed, having
made the marriage in the form as it is treated, your Majefty may find
your felf, together with the King of Great Brirain , engaged in a war
againft the Emperour, and the Catholique league, fo that your Ma/efty
(hall be forced to dela re your felf with your Arms againft the Empe-
rour and the Catholique league, a tiling which to hear will offend your
Majefties godly ears : or declaring your felf for the Emperour and the
CathoJicjue league as certainly you will, your Majefty will find your felf
tngaged in a war agaiuft the King of England, and your fitter married
with his fon , with the which all whatfoever conveniences that was
thought upon with this marriage do ceafc if your Majefty (hall fhew
your felf Newtrall as it may be fome will expound
The firft will caufe very great fcandall, and with juft reafon, fincein
matters of lefle oppofition then of Catholiques againft Heretiques, the
Armes of this Crown hath taken the godly againft the contrary part.
And at this time the French men have taken part with the Hollanders a-
gainft your Majefty ,your piety hath been fuch, that you have fent your
Arms againft the Rebels of that Crown, leaving all the great confidera-
tions of State , only becaufe thofe men are enemies of the faith and the
Church. It wil oblige your Majefty ,and good occafion to thofe of the
League, to make ufe of the King of France find other Catholiqnc Prin-
ces ill affected to this Crown , for it will be a thing neceflary for them
to do fo, and thofe even againft their own Religion will foment and
affift the Heretiques fofhatred to us , without doubt they will follow
the contrary part onely to leave your Majefty with that blemifh that ne-
ver hath befaln any King of thefe Dominions.
By the fecond the King of England ""will remain offended
and difobliged, feeing that neither interefles nor hopes clo follow-the
Ally-
Condc Olivarez kis attfoer 10 the Kmg. 13 5
Allyance with this Crown , as Hkewife the pretext of particular refent-
mcnt : for having fuffered his daughter and grand-children to be ruined
forrcfped of the faid Allyance. The Emperour, though he be well-
arTected, and obliged to us in making the tranflation at this time as buil-
nefles now ftand (die Duke of Bavaria being now pofTefled of all the
Dominions) although he would difpofe all according to our convenien-
ces, yet it will not be in his power to do it, as you and every body may
fee ; And the memoriall that theEmperours AmbafTador gave your Ma-
jeity yefterday,makes it certain , fince in the Lift of the Souldiers, that
every on of the League is to pay, he (hews your Majefty,that Bavier for
himfelf alone will pay more then all the reft joyned together ; the which
doth (hew his power and his intention, which is not to accommodate
matters, but to keep to himfelf the fuperiority of all in this broken time.
The Emperour is now in the Dyet,and the tranflation is to be made in
it. The oppofition in this eftarte is , by conferving the means for con-
ference, which your Majefties Minifters will do with their capacities,
zeal and wifdom, and it is certain they wil all have enough to do- for the
difficulty confifts to find a way to make the prefent eftate of affairs-
ftraight again,which with lingring, as it is faid, both the power and time
will be loft. I fuppofe that the Emperour, as your Majefty knows by
his Ambaflador, devices to marry his daughter with the King of Eng-
land* fon, I doubt not but he will be likewife glad to marry his fecond>
daughter with the Palatines fon.
Then 1 propound, that thcfe two marriages be made, and that they be
fetonfoot presently, giving the King of England full fatisfaction in all
his propofitions for the more ftrid union and correfpondency that he
may agree to it: I hold for certain,that all the conveniences that would -
have followed the allyartce with us,wil bejas full in this,it doth accommo-
date the matter of the Palatinate, and the fucceflion of his grand-
children with his honor,& without drawing a fword,or wafling treafure.
After I would .reduce the Prince Elcdor, that was an enemy, to the
obedience of the Church, by breeding his fons in the Emperours Court,
with Catholique Doctrine.
The bufinefs is great , the difficulty greater then perchance have been
ia any other cafe, I have found my felf obliged to reprefent to your Ma-
jefty, and to (hew (if you pleafe to command me) what I think fit for
the difpofmg of the things, and of the great Minifters that your Majefty
hath ; I hope with the particular notice of thefe things, (and all being ;
helped with the good zeal of the Conde de Gondemer) it may be thac
God wil open a way to it,a thing fo much for his and your Majefties fei>
vice.
i $6 &*Z James to itc-*rl of Briftol.
King James to ikeEarlif Briftol, OfftkB.
W.E"have received yours brought usbytfrf/Zj, and the Copy of
yours to our dear Son ; and we cannot forbear to let you know
how well we efteem your dutifull, difcreet and judicious relation and
humble advife to our felf and our Son : whereupon having ripely deli-
berated with our felf, and communicated with our dear Son, we have
refolved with the great liking of our Son to reft upon that fecurity ( in
point of doubt of the Infantas taking a Religious houfe ) which you in
your judgment (hall think meet. We have further thought meet to give
you knowledge , that it is our fpecial defire that the betrothing of the
Infanta with words dt .pr&fenti, ftiould be upon one of the dayes in
Chriftmafs new Jtih. t that holy and joy full time beft fitting fo notable
and blefled in action.
But firft we will that you repair prefently to that King , and give him
knowledge of the fafe arrival of our dear Son to our Court, fo fatisfied
and taken with the great entertainments, perfonal kindnefs, favour and
refpect he hath received from that ; King and Court, as he feems not able
to magnifie it fufficiently, which makes us not know how fufficiently to
give thanks ; but we will that by all means you endeavour to exprefs
our thankfulnefs to that King, and the reft to whom it belongs, in the
beft and moft ample manner you can. And hereupon you may take oc-
cafion to let that King know, that according to our conftant affection
to make a firm and indiffoluble amity between our Families, Nations and
Crowns, and not feem to abandon our honour, nor at the fame time we
give joy to our onelySon, to give our onely Daughter her portion in
tears : By the advice of that Kings Ambafladors, we have entred a
Treaty concerning the reftitution of the Palatinate, as will more particu-
larly appear to you by the copies herewith fent.Now we mult remember
you,that we ever underftood and expected , that upon the marriage of
our fon with the Infanta^e (hould have a clear reftitution of the Pa/a-
tinate &ElectoraI dignity to our fon-m-la\v,to be really procured by that
King,according to the obligation of our honor,as you have wel exprefied
in your reafons why the perfon of our Son-in-law (hould not be left out
of the Treaty,but that the Emperor (hould tindout a great title , or by
increafing the number of Electorate ftiles wherewith to fatisfie the Duke
f Havana We now therfore require you,thac prefently in your firft au-
dience
*>70/Brifl:ol to King James. 137
dience you procure from that King a punctual anfwer what courfethat
King will take for the reftitutiou of the Palatinate and Electorate to our
Son-in-law;and in cafe that either the Emperor or the Duke of Bavaria
oppofe any part of the expected reftitution, what courfe that King wiW
take to give us afTurance for our content in that point, whereof we re-
quire your prefent anfwer ; and that you fo prefs expedition herein, that
we may all together receive the full joy of both in Chriftmafs, refting
our felf upon that faithfull diligence of yours we have approved in all
your fervice. Though almoft with the lateft we muft remember to you
as a good ground for you to work on, that our Son did write us out of
Spain, That that King would give us a Blank in which we might form
our own Conditions concerning the Palatinate ; and the fame our Son
confirms to us now. What obfervation and -performance that King wilt
make, we require you to exprefs, and give us a fpeedy account, c.
Given, &c.
Marl of Briftol in anfwer to King James,
MAy it pleafe your moft excellent Majefty, I have received your
Majefties Letters of the 8. of Ottober on the 21. of the fame
monetb, fome houres within night ; and have thought fit to difpatch
back onto your Majefty with all poilible fpeed, referring the anfwer to
what your Majefty hath by thefe Letters commanded me, to a Poft that
I ftiall purpofely difpatch when I (hall have negotiated the particulars
with this King and his Minifters , wherein God willing all poffible dili-
gence (hall be ufed.
But forafmuch as I find both by your Majefties Letter, as likewife by
Letters which I have received from the Prince his Highnefs, that you
continue your defires ofhaving the Match proceeded in,I held it my duty
that your Majefty Ihould be informed that although I am fet free in as
much as concerneth the doubt of the Infantas entring into Religion,
for the delivering of the powers left with me by his Highnefs, yet by this
new direction I now received from your Majefty, that the Depofories
(hould be deferred tfoCkriflmasfht faid powers are made altogether ufe-
lefs and invalid, it being a claufe in the bodies of the faid powers , that
they (hall onely remain in force till Ghriflmaf and no longer,as your Ma-
jefty may fee by the copie I fend herewith incloied.
T Your
v
138 E*rl of Briftol to King James/
Your Majefty, I conceive, will be of opinion, that the fufptnding of
the execution of the powers untill the force and validity of them be ex- t
pired, is a direft and.effectuall revoking of them ; which not to do, how
farhisHighncfsisinhis Honor ingaged, your Majefty will be beftable.
to judge by viewing the powers themfelves. Further, if the date of thefe
powers do expire, befides the breach of the Capitulations, although the.
match it felf jealoufies and miftrufts be hazarded, yet the Princes com-
ing at the Spring, will be almoft impoftible ; For by that time new Corn-
millions and Powers fhall be after Chriftmas granted by the Prince,,
which mull he to the fatisfaclion of both parties,, I conceive fo much of
ihe year will be fpent, that it wtll be impoffible for the Fleets and other
preparations to be in a readinefs againft the Spring ; for it is not to be
trained, that they will here proceed effectually with their preparations,
ojitilLtheyfliallbefureofthe Defpoforios, efpecially when they (hall
have feen them feverall times deferred on the Prince his part, and that
apon pretexts that are not new , or grown fince the granting of the
Fowers, but were before in being, and often under debate, and yet were
never inMed upon to make ftay of the bufinefs ; fo that it will feem
that they might better have hindered the granting of them then the exe-
cution of them. Now, if there were not daggering in former refoluti-
ns,the which although really there is not, yet can it not but be fufpe-
ded ; and the clearing of it between Spain and England, will coft much
time. I moft humbly crave your Ma jellies pardon if I write unto you
with the plainnefs of a true-hearted and faithfull fervant, who ever hath
cooperated honeftlyunto your Majefties ends. I knew them, I know
your Majefty hath been longtime of opinion, that the greateft affurance
you could get, that the King of Spain would effectually labour the in-
tirereftitution of the Palatinate, was that he really proceeded to the ef-
fecting^ the match, and my inftrudions under your Majefties hands,
were to infift upon the reftoring the Prince Palatine ; but not to an-
nex it to the treaty of the match, as that therby the match fliould be
hazarded- for that your Majefty feemed confident that here, it would ne-
ver grow to a-perfeft conclusion without a fetled refolution to give your
Majefty fatisfadion in the bufinefs of the Palatinate. The fame courfe
I obferved in the, carriage of the bufinefs by his Highnefs and my Lord
Duke at their tyetng here,who though they infifted on the bufinefs of the.
Palatinate, yec they heldit fk to treat of them diftindly, and that the
marriage {hould proceed as a good pawn for the other.
Since their departure my Lord Ambaffador Sir Walter Afbton and my
felf have been prefled to have this Kings refolution in writing concern-
\ wg the Palatinate, and the difpatches which your Majefty will receive
fecre--
Earl of Briftol to IT^/James .'
herewith concerning that bufinefs, were writ before the receit of your
Ma jefties Letters ; and doubtlefs it is now a great part of their <:are that
'that bufinefs may be well entred before the Infantas coming into Eng-
land : And his Highnefs will well often remember, that the Conde de O-
livare*. often protefted a neceflity of having this bufinefs compounded
and fetled before the marriage, faying , otherwife they might give a
Daughter ,and a War within three moneths after, if this ground and fub-
jed of quarrell {hould ftill be left on foot . The fame language
he hath ever held with Svc Walter Afiton and my felf, and that it was a
firm peace and amity as much as an allyancc which they fought with his
Majefty. So that it is not to be doubted, but that this King concluding
the match, refolveth to imploy hisuttermoft power for your fatisfa&ion
in the reftitution of the Prince Palatine.
The queflion now will be, whether the bufinefs of the Prince Palatine
having relation to many great Princes that arc interefled therein, living
at diftancc, and being (indeed) for the condition and nature of the bufi-
nefs it felf, impofiible to be ended but by a formall treaty, which of ne-
ceflity will require great length , whether the conclufion of the match
(hall any way depend upon the iflue of this bufinefs , which I conceive
to be far from your Ma jefties intention ; for fo the Prince might be long
Kepi unbeftowed by any avcrfnefs of thofe which might have particular
intereft in the Princes remaining unmarried, or diflike with his match-
ing with Spain. But that which I underftand to be your Ma jefties aim
is onely to have the eenclufion of this match accompanied with a ftrong
engagement as can be procured from this King for the joyning with
your Majefty not onely in all good Offices for the entire reftitution
of the Palatinate,but otherwife if need require of his Ma jefties aililtance
herein.
Thefe days paft I have laboured with all earneftnefs, and procured
this Kin
within d
Propofiti
thcr to purfue your Ma jefties prefeht directions of procuring this Kings
Declaration, in what fort your Maiefty may rely upon this Kings afil-
ftance, in ca(e the Emperour or the Duke of Bavaria hinder the entire
reftitution of the Prince Palatine. But I conceive (if it be your inten-
tion^ that I {hould firft here procure this Kings peremptory anfwer in
the whale bufinefs , and how he will be afliftant unto your Maiefty
in cafe of the Emperours or the Duke of &avaria 3 s averfnefs. And that
I {hould fend it to your Maiefty, and receive again your anfwer before
I deliver che Powers for the Depoforios, the match would thereby if not
T a be
^
140 E<*rt of Briftoi to King James .
be hazarded, yet I conceive the Infanta's going at Spring would be ren-
dred Altogether impoflible. For if upon the arrival of the Approbation
I cannot refufe them, but upon fome grounds; iflalleadge your Ma-'
jetties defire of having the Depofories deferred untill Chriftmafs, they
.know as well as my felf that his Highnefs Proxy is then out of date , be-
fides the infringing of the Capitulations ; and they will judge it is a great
fcorn put upon this King, who ever fince the Princes granting of the
powers hath called himfelf the Infanta's Defpofado, and to that crTeci
the Prince hath writ unto him in fomeofhis Letters. Befides, it will be
held here a point of great difhonour unto the Infanta,if the powers called
for by her friends fhould be detained by the Prince his part : and who-
foever elfe may have deferved it, (he certainly hath not deferved dif-
refped nor difcomfort. Further, upon my refufal to deliver the powers,
all preparations which now go on cheerfully and apace will be ftayed,
and there will enter in fo much diftruft , and fo many troubles and jea-
loufieSj that if the main buflnels run not hazard by them, at leaft much
time will befpent to cleer them.
I mutt therefore in difcharge of my duty tell your Majefty ,. that all
your Majefties bufinefles here are in a fair way; the Match and all that is
capitulated therein, they profefs punctually to perform.
In the bufinefs of the Palatinate, I continue my earneft and faithful!-
endeavours, ahd they proteft they infinitely defire , and will to the
utmoft of their powers endeavour to procure your Majefties fatif-
faction.
The Prince is like to have a moil worthy and vertuous Lady, and who
much Icrveth him, and all things elfe depending upon this match are in
good and hopefull way.
This is now the prefent eftate of your Majefties affairs, as it appeared]
unto me and to Sir fTther Afaon^ with whom I have communicated this
JDifpatcb,. as I do all things elfe concerning your Majefties fervice. And
I mull cleerly let your Majefty underftand, that I conceive by the re-
taining of the powers when this King (hall call for them, and offering
to defer the Depofories untill Chriftmafs, that your Majefties bulinefs
will run a hazard, what by the diftafte and difgoft that will be raifed
here, and what, by the art and induftry of thofe which are enemies to the "
match, whereof every Court hath plenty in Chriftendom.
That therefore which I prelume with all humility, is, That you would
be pleafed to give me order with all poftible fpeed, that when the bufines
ihall come cleered from Rome, and that the powers of the marriage 4hall
be demanded of me in the behalf of this King, that I may deliver them ,
and no ways feek to interrupt or fufpend the Depoforios, but aftill and
help to a perf ed conclufion of the. match.. An J-
Etrl 0/$riftol to King James 14'*
And for the bnfinefs of the Palatinate,! continue my earneft ajid faith-
- foil endeavours to engage this King as far as (hall be pofiible, both for
the doing of all good offices for me Palatines entire restitution , herein
. I will not fail ( as likewife for this Kings declaration of aiMance in cafe
the Emperor or Duke of Bavftri* (hall oppofe the faid reftitution ) to
ufe all poffible means ; and I conceive the difpatch of the Match will be
a good pawn in the bulinefs,and the help and affiftance which the Prince*
being once betrothed would be able to give in this Court to all your
Majefties bufmeiTes would be of good consideration.
So fearing I have already prefumed too far upon your Majefties pa-
tience, 1 humbly crave your Majefties pardon, and recommend you to
the.holy protection of God, refting
Tour Majefties mo ft humble and
2 9. fMthfutfubjett andfervtnt,
I 623.
BRISTOL
ft? King Jarnc*, Novemb.i. 1623.
MAy it pleafe your moft excellent Ma jefty, I find that upon the
news that is now come from the Duke of Paftrav^, that the Pope
hath cleerly parted the Difpenfation,which is now hourly exped-
ed here. There is an intention to call prefently upon me for the Princes
powers for the marriage left in my hands, the which I know not upon
what ground or reafon to detain, the Prince having engaged ( in the
faid powers) the faith and word of a Prince no way to revoke and re-
f raft from them, but that they fhould remain in full force till Chrillmafs,
and delivered unto me a politique declaration of his pleafure, that upon
the coming of the Difpenfation I fhould deliver them unto this King,
that they might be put in execution ; and hereof likewife was there by
Secretary Serita as a publique Notary anlnftrument drawn, attelted by
ail the witnefies prefent. .If I (hall alleadge your Majefties pleafure of
having the marriage deferred untill one of the Holidays, although they
(hould condefcend thereunto, that is impoAible, for the powers will be
then expired. If I (hall infift upon the reftituaon of the Palatinate, thfs
King hath therein declared his anfwer ; and it would be much wondred
why that (h'ould be now added for a condition of the marriage, having,
ever tmheno been treated of as a bufmefs apart, and was iq being at the
granting.
141 .E^/0/Briftol to King James.
granting of the faid powers, and hath been often under debate,but never
Ipecified, nor the powers delivered upon any condition of having any
iuch point firft cleered ; and I muft confefs unto your Majefty I under-
ftand not how with honour, and that exad: dealing which hath ever been
obferved in all your Majefties adions, the powers can be detained, unlejs
there (hould appear fome new and .emergent caufe-fince the granting of
them, whereof as yet I hear none fpecified : Therefore being loath to be
the inftrument by whofe hands any thing (hould pafs, -that might have
the leaft reflection upon your Majefties or the Princes honour ( which. I
(hall ever value more then my life or fafety ) and judging it likewife to
.conduce more co your fervice, and afluring my felf that your Majefties
late direction to have the marriage upon one of the holidays in Chrift-
mafs, was for want of due information that the powers will be then ex-
pired, I have thought it fit ( with the advice of Sir Walter Afoton) to
raife no fcruple in the delivery of the faid powers , but do intend when
they (hall be required to pafs on to the nominating of a -prefixed day for
the Depoforio's : but I (hall endeavour to defer the time, untill I may
be advertifcd of your Majefties pleafure, if it may be within the fpace of
24<layes, and will labour to find fome hand fom and fair occafion for
the deferring of them , without alleadging any directions in that kind
from your Majefty or the Prince.
The reafons why I have thought it fit to take this refolution, are,
Firft I find by your Majefties letters and the Princes, that your intent is
to proceed in the marriage, and to that purpofe your Majefty and the
Prince have fet me free to deliver the powers according to the firft in-
tentions, by removing that fcruple of the Infanta's entring into Religion,
whereupon they were only fufpended.
Secondly, your Majefties Letter only indmateth a defire, not a dire-
ftion of having the marriage .upon one of the holidays ofChriftmafs :
which I conceive is to be underftood, if it may well and fittingly be fo,
not if there (hall be impoffibility therein by reafon of the expiring of
the powers before, and that the intention of having it then (hould be
overthrown thereby, when I am confident that what your Majefty
writeth is for want of due information of the daufe of expiration of the
powers/
Thirdly, if your Majefty upon thefe reafons and fuch as I have for-
merly alleadged unto your Majefty, (hould (as I no way doubt but your
Majefty will) give me order for the prefent proceeding to the marriage,
yet by my refufing of the powers , and alleadging your Majefties or the
Princes directions, although afterwards all things (hould be fleered, yet
would it caft fome kind of afperfion and jealoufie upon the fmcerity of
your
-x-
Xfag James to the Ptlf&rxvtl
your Majefties and the Princes proceedings. On the contrary fide, if
your Majefties intention be not ta proceed in the match, whereof I fee
-no ground, the intimation of that may be as well a moneth hence as
now : And I judge it duty in a fervant, efpccially in a bufinefs of fo high
a confequence, and wherein your ^fajefty hath fpent fo much time, to
give his mafcer leifure to repair to his fecond cogitations before he do-
any ad that may diforder or overthrow.
This I offer with,all humility unto your Majefties wife and juft con-
fideration, and befeech you to make interpretation of my proceedings
herein according to my dutifull and zealous care of your honour and
fervice. I have of purpofe difpatcht this Poft with this- Letter, to the end
1 may receive your Maiefties directions in this particular with all poffi-
ble fpeed, which I hope (hall be toproceed dire&ly to the marriage ac--
cording to the Capitulations:, and fo to order all things for the Princefs
her journy in the Spring. And for the Palatinate, your Maiefty may be
confident there (hall be diligence ufed in procuring a fpeedy and good
refolution. So, &c.
King James to th Palfgravt.
Afjwoft dear Son ,.
WE have been carefull, and are at this prefent, to perform the pro-
mife which we made unto you, to imploy all our power to re-
eftablifti you into your eftates and dignities ; and having b^ the pati-
ence and induftry which we have ufed, reduced matters within a more
neer circle and of a lefs extent then the generality in which they, were
heretofore : We hare thought good to give you knowledge of fuch
things whereof hope is given to us that we (hall in all apearance obtain
them, to the end you may have recourfe to your wifdom, and af-
ter a mature deliberation make choyce agreeable to the providence,
honor, and fafety of your eftates ; duly weighing and examining all
circumltances : and therefore we prefent unto you thefe Propofitions,
to wit, In the firft place a due fubmiilion to the Em perour,. under con-
venient limitations, which firft (hall be granted and agreed in. confor-
mity to that which is Noble, with a fafe condud and aflurance requiQte
and fufficientfor the free and fafe going and return of your Perfon and
Train. This being done, we make you offer of a prefent and full refti-
tution of all the Palatinate unto the perfon of your fon , and that you
Ihdl be his Adminiftrator during your life. And that after the- death of
.._
Xi*g James id the Palfgravc.
the Duke of Havana, your fon (hall be re-eftablifhed in the Ele&orall
dignity; And for the better confirming the found Amity, andafluring
your Poflefsions , and enioying of all according to the contraft,
which is prefently to be made , and alfo to ferve for a preparation for
the bettering of the faid conditions to your perfon , which will be in
all likelihood when the marriage will be refolved and concluded
to be made betwixt your eldeft fon our Grand-child , and one of
the Emperours daughters. In contemplation whereof they have ap-
proached a degree neerer, to wit, that the Eleftorall dignity (hall
come again to your perfon after the Duke of Bavaria's death. In
which Treaty of marriage, to clear the principall difficulty which con-
iifted with the education of your fon with the Emperour, we have taken
from them all hope therein ( wherein we aflure our felves you will be
content) and are purpofed that he (hal have his education with our fon,
and with and in the prefence of the Infanta, when (he (hall be in our
Court. We have exadly (hewed you the ftate of this Negotiation, which
chiefly concerns you and yours, to the end you may fix your eyes upon
your neceflity and bare condition and manner of living, which depend-
eth on the courteile and afiiftance of others, and that you may judge
advifedly whether your ready entrance into thepofleflion of your own,
and with a kind of prefent liberty of living (with infurance in time to
recover the poflcffion of it) (hall not be more convenient for you then a
hazardous long expectation upon othet uncertain means : The former
whereof I prefer before the later. We pray you to confider what pro-
bable andfeafible means we may undertake to reduce your condition to
that ftate as you promife your ielf; wherein we doubt nor, but you will
weigh our forces, and :hofe of our Allyes , and fuch other whereof we
may hope to be aflured, to the end that if it (hould happen that we
cannot obtain to the entire of that we define by way of treaty, or that
we (hould take another courfe,you may be partaker of Councels as well
as the iffues and uncertain events. And forafmuch as we are defirous to
confider with you for your perfonall eftate, and as we are obliged to
have regard to the right of our only daughter, and to the inheritance of
your children,with the hope of their pofterity, by what way it may
be moft eafily eftabli(hed, and by what fit means provifion may be made
beft to that effeft. And herein we remain your moft affectionate Fa-
ther,
Ci. facotw Rex.
Tke
t$ King James. 145
7 he Palfgravcs Anfocr to King James.
SIR,
I Take as a great honor and favour your Ma jefties Letter of tliezr.
of November, delivered unto me by the hands of your Ambaflador
Sir Dudley Ctrleton^ who hath further explained yourMajefties inten-
tion touching that which concerneth my reftitution unto my honors and
patrimonial efta te, that you continue firm and conftant { in conformity
to your promifes) to labour and effed by one way or other, fo that the
faid reftitution may be intire and totall, as well in that which concerneth
the Eledorall dignity as the Palatinates ; and that the Propofitions
which your Majefty makes by your Letter (to content my felf to be Ad-
rniniftrator to my fon, and he to be invefted with the faid dignity, and
put into prefent pofletfion of the Palatinate) is but in all events if fo be
your Majefty could not attain to the totall reftitution (the defired effect
of your intentions) leaving me neverthelefs to be at liberty to chufe the
lefler of the two evils (if I may be permitted to term them fo) the one
by the totall reftitution of my Eftates, but with diminution, or rather
annihilation (for fo in effed it wil be)in refped of my perfon of the E-
ledorall dignity ; th'otherof the recovery of both by war, the event!
whereof are uncertain. Firft, I moft humbly thank your Majefty for the
paternall care which you continue and (hew in this occafion j and which
doth more comfort me , and my dear wife in our afflidions, then the
fear of humane events can grieve or incline us to be willing to recover
the lofs of goods with the lofs of honors. I will therefore ufe the liber-
ty which your Majefty is pleafed to give me in anfwering every particu-
lar point of your Letter. In the fir ft whereof I obferve the proceed-
ing of my enemies , who require a perfonall fubmifilon ( intended to
precede all other things ) under the fafe condud of the Emperour ;
whereas by natural order ufed in thefe occafions,the reftitution which is
materiall and fubttantiall, ought by reafon to precede the other,being but
a point of ceremony , at the leaft it is necefTary that all things be-refol*
ved and concluded under fuch aflurances as (hall be held convenient ; and
then if the intentions on the Emperours part be reall and fincere , and
without any aim to take advantage upon my perfon (as the Emperour
Charts 5;. did upon the Lantgrave of Hefex under the fubtilty of a diftin-
dionofafyllaWeinfafecondud.EwV for Minis) the faid fubmiflion
may as well be made by a Deputy as otherwife, whereby I fhall be freed
V from
-x i
145 The ftlfgrwes i^fnfiverto Ki
from ..he apprehenfions which the execution atPn*#f,& other cruelties j
exercifed by the Imperialifts, may eafiiy imprefs in the mind of him whor
is unwilling to lofe himfelfe by a qttiete de Ccettr. Befides, a fimple cort-
lent to fuch a fubmiffion under the fpecified condition, to yeild the Ele-
&orate to the Duke of Bavaru, will be fufficient to prejudice my
caufe for ever. For the Eleftors of Saxony and Brandenburgh who-
have always protefted againft the tranflation of the Electorate ; and the
other Princes of Qermany who have like feeling, will difavow their pro-
teftations in regard of him who (hall abandon his own pretentions ,
and in itead of favouring me upon fome breach of the Treaty, or other-
wife,may be my oppofites. Moreover, the experience of things paft
teach us what iflue we may hereafter expeft of the like conditions
confented to on our part. The Emperour having manifeftly a-
bufed us in two already , Firft in the inftrument which I figned for the
conditionall resignation, of the Crown of Bohemia in the year 1621.
Then in my ratification of the fufpenfion of Arms this laft Summer.
The firft having ferved the Emperour to accelerate his Treaty then on
foot with Bethlem Gabor \ The fecond to intimidate the Eledors of
Saxony and Brandenbttrgb, chat they might not undertake any thing a-
gainft the Emperour, boch the one and the other being divulged to the
fameeffed:, according to the knowledge which the Emperour had of
thefe defignes before any thing was therin refolved and concluded :
And fe> will the Emperour in all appearance make his profit of this prc-
fent propofition, and ftrike with one ftone two blows,by hindering the
progrefs of Gabar on the one fide, and by continuing on the /other the
intimidation of the Princes of Germany \ who may with reafon excufe
themfelves if they move not for him, who hath bound himfelf hand and
foot, and confented to a fubmiflion, which being yeilded to , it will be
always in the Emperours power to break or go on, as he (hall hold ic
expedient for himfelf. I do alfo promife my felf that your Majefty
will have regard that by fuch fubmiffion and intreaty, my undue pro-
fcription and baniftimcnt (which being done in prejudice of the confti-
tutions of the Empire,are therefore heid by the Electors of Saxony and
Brandsnburgh of no validity) be not approved, and thereby a mark of
infamy fet upon me and my pofterity. Touching the fecond point,
.your Majefty may be pleafed to remember, that on the part of Spat*
nope hath alwayes been given me from the beginning, of a totall and
mtire reftitution to my own perfon ; yea the Earl of Briftd hath aflu-
rcd:me by his Letters from Madrid in November 1 622. when the mar-
riage was not fo> much advanced at this time. That the King of Spam
gneiifeofrefulallof the totall reftitution^ would, joyn his forces with
th'ofe
Palferaves i^fnfwtr to King James. 147
', thofe of your Majefty againft the Emperor to conftrain him thereunto :
-'And yet in ftead of the faid reftitution, the tranflation of my Electorate
to the Duke of Bavaria was fince at Rutisbone agreed, and congratulated
unto him from Bruxels ; the inferior Palatinate difmcmbred by the
grant of the Bcrgpreat one of the beft peeces thereof to the Eledor of
Mentz, ; the fuperior with the Bailywicks granted to the Duke of N*-
burgh, thereby to engage them further in the quarrel by the particular
defence of that which generally the ImperUlifts have ufurped upon me ;
they contifcate and feife the goods of my fubjedfo, and thofe that follow
my party, fparing neither widow nor orphans.
It feems therefore neceflary above all things to have fufficient afTu-
rance for the total reftitution of my Electorate and Palatinates, before
any new treaty of marriage be propoled : Of the which treaties, as they
are ordinarily handled and managed by the houfe of Anflria, and dra\wi
to length and delays, with the onely aim to the augmentation of there
greatnefs, without refpeft to civil honefty, word or prornife, I have a
dolerall experience in my own houfe in the perfon of one of my prede-
ceflbrs Frederic^ the fecond, who contributed more to the firft foun-
dation which was laid for the greatnefs of the faid houfe of Auftria
then any other German Prince , and for recompence was allured and
drawn by the fpace of many years with treaties and promifes of marri-
age, without any real intention (as was feen by the erTed) ever to bring
them to execution. Seeing therefore that he who had fo well deferved
of the houfe of Aujlria,(whkh in all external appearance held him in
greater eftimation then any other German Prince} was never-
thelefs fo unworthily ufed by them in a "treaty of marriage ;
I who have been unduly put into the Ban of the Empire, and
fpoiled of all my honours and goods, by the eagernefs, hatred and
ufurpation of the Emperor himfelf ( whofe daughter is propounded for
the marriage in queftion ) know not what to hope but the fame effed:
of fraud and deceit which my forenamed predeceflbr found , with a for-
rowful repentance of the evil when it was paft remedy. And the Emperor
wanteth but two or three y ears ofleifure, which he (hall eaiily gain by
a treaty of a marriage, to eftablifh in Germany the tranflation of my ,
Electoral dignity and Patrimonial eftate, without any hope ever here-
after to recover the like opportunity as at this time, that my pretenfions
are not prejudiced by a long interpofition of time, and that the memory,
of undue proceeding in the publication of the Ban againft my perfon,
and the faid tranflation of my Electoral dignity 3 and feifure of my patri-
monial inheritance,arc yet frelh in the affections and minds of the Princes
of Germany, who arc by the confideration of their own interefts moved
U 2
143 7he PalJ graves Anfaer to Ring James .
with the greater compafiion to fee the wounds of my miferies yet frcfli ,'
and bleeding , and with pafiion and earneft defire to fee them remedied, v
And in this place \ will fay fomething in anfwer to the laft point of your
Majcfties Letter , 'wherein you commanded me to confider the means
probable and feafible whereby my condition may be reduced to the for-
mer ftate, and to weigh your Ma jefties forces with thofe of your Allies ,
and others whereof your Majefty may hope and be aflured.
If your Ma jetty hopeth for my reftitution in Germany as an effed of
the marriage with Spain, nothing elfe is to be done but attend the event
with patience : And if you continue to diftinguifti between the Spaniards
and the Imperialists, there is no more to be faid on this fu'bjeft, but as
they have with joint confent confpired my ruine with the fame forces,
the fame councels, and the fame defigns, your Ma jetty will find (if you
j|eafe to unmask the fair , feeming , and hidden malice of the Spaniard^
the fame effed, as in the end you found the open and declared violence
and hoftility of the Tmperialifts , who befieged your Ma/efties garri-
fons in ray Towns taken into your protection. I will ufe the liberty you
have given me to difcourfe of your Majeities forces and thofe of your
Allies,and what may further wi;h good probability be hoped from other
friends ana well-willers.
Jn the laft rank I place what may be hoped from the Princes of Gen*
many \ who, to wk the two Electors of Saxony and Brandenburgh^ and
in effed all the reft except thofe oftheCatholique league, have fuffici-
ently declared the difavowing of the Emperors proceeding againft me,
and their opinions that the peace of Germany dependeth upon my refti-
tution ; beiides the Levies which they made in the beginning of the laft
fummer,though by the unlucky accident of the Duke Chriflian ofErttnf-
?r/V/^they were foon after difmiffed. And certainly no want of any other
thing to be converted to my aid , but the countenance of a great Prince
to fupport them againft the power of the houfe of Auftria, the fame
affections remaining ftill in them , and the fame refolution to imbrace
the firft good occafion that fhall be prefented for the liberty of Germany.
Will there want hands for the accomplifhing of fuch a work , when it
(hall be undertaken openly and earneftly ? feeing that the number of
thofe that have their intereft conjoyned with mine, is great and mighty :
For the greater part of the people both horfe and foot which marched
under the Catholique banner, were of a contrary Religion to the Ca-
tholique , and of arTedion (as it is notorious to all the world) more in-
clined to the ruine of thofe Leagues then to their prefervition. But the
condud of fome powerfull Prince is neceffary as well to the men of war,
as we, have feen by experience the laft year. The 'King of Denmark, is
he.
" ''
lfgravesAnfwer to King James. 14
I he upon whom all have fet their eyes : but he being a Prince full of cir-
'.. eumfpection, and unwilling to enter into play alone, anfwereth unto all
1 inftances which are made unto him to that end. That as the other Princes
have their eyes upon him, fo hath he his upon your Majefty.
Ic is not for me to judge ; but fince you have commanded me, I will
weigh them by the ballance of common judgment. That the felicity
wherewith God hath blefled the perfon of your Majefty, having con-
joyned the three Crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland upon one
head ; the power of the one of the three alone having done great mat-
ters in the affairs of Europe on this fide the fea, yea when it was coun-
terballanced by the other, gives demonftration what your Majefty may
do with" the joynt forces of the three together, when you (hall be pleafed
to take a refolution therein , chiefly the queftion being for theintereft
of your own Children ; and by the voluntary contribution which we
have already had in our fupport from your Majefty, we may eafily com-
prehend what may be promifed of them when the publike authority of
your Majefty (hall be conjoyned with their particular affections ; there
being no Prince in the world more loved and reverenced of his fubjects,
nor more foveraign over their affections and means for the fervice of
your perfon and Royal houfe. Touching the Allies, it is to my great
grief that the unhappinefs of this time hath feparated a great part of
them, the united Provinces of Germany, who make profellion of the
fame Religion whereof they acknowledge your Majefty for Defender
and Protector. But the fame affection remaineth ftill in them entire and
firm, though they have been conftrained to yield to the prefent ncccfiity
of their affairs ; and the occafion preferring it felf, your Majefty may
accompt of them.
The reft, the Eftates of the united Provinces to whom we have re-
courfe in our afflictions, who fupport thcmfelves by the help of God,,
and the fituation of their Country and Forces of their people alone un-
till this time againft the puifTance of 'Spain, feconded by the Imperialifts.
And in ftead of fainting under fuch a burthen, or of giving ear unto the
overtures and fubmiflions which from day to day are prefented unto
them, they now put themfelves to the offenfive, by a good Fleet pre-
pared and ready to fet fail to the Weft-Indies, to the end they may at
lead interrupt the peaceable and annual return of the gold and filver of
thofe parts, by which the houfe of Attftria doth continually advance
their gteatncfs. This is commended by all good men and lovers of the
publike liberty , as the fole and only means to caft to the ground the
fearfull power of Spain, even as a great tree of lar^e extent cut up by the
root ; buc is held too great for fuch a little wtentof Country as this is,
and
150 The Talfgrwes Anfaeflj- King James.
and yet prafttcally, and to be done by forces anfwcrable to the impor-
tance of fuch an enterprixe : And if your Majefty would be pleafed -
to ufe^ the Forces of this eftate by fea and land, to the oppofition of
their enemies, and by confequence of mine, their profefiionof a loyall
andfincere affedion with the hazard of their lives and goods for the fer-
vice of your Majefty, groanded upon the experience of things paft, their
prefent intereft, and the judgement which may be made of the future,
makes me affured that your Majefty may abfolutely difpofe of them ;
and by their means being firmly con joyned with your Majefty, give the
Law to Europe.
It is in obedience to your Majefties commandment that I have enlar-
ged my felf fo far into this difcourfe, which I will fend with my moft
humble thanks for the continuance of your moft gracious and paternal!
bounty, particularly (hewed in the care you have of the education of my
eldeft fon in your Court, who with all the reft are at your Majefties dif-
pofing , and we hope to live notwithftanding our hard and dolefrll
condition , to yeild unto your Majefty the fruits of a devout and ti-
liall gratitude , and I will remain untill the laft day of my life,
From the Hague, Decemb. ' Tour Majeflles rnofl, &c.
30. 1623. new JMc*
FREDERICK.
foftfcript.
1 am advertifed from a good part, that the E left or ofMextz and the
other Princes of the Popifti league are very inftant with the Eleftor of
Saxony and Brandenburgh to perfwade them to acknowledge
the Duke of Bavaria as an Elector of the Empire : which if they
obtain, it were eafie to judge how much it would prejudice my affairs,
and the common caufe of the Empire. I therefore moft humbly befeech
your Majefty, that you will be pleafed to prevent and hinder fuch an evil,
by the interpolation of good offices, and exhortations to the (aid fecular
Electors, be it by fome Ambaflador,by ferious Letters, or luch other
way as you (hall hold meet and fuitable to the importance of the-mat-
'ter, which above all requireth fingular celerity. Your Majefty (hall in-
creafe more and more my obligations, and that of the publique ofGer-
many, &c.
Abignoto
THe Spaniard begins now to be fenfible of the great difobligation and
grofs overfight he committed in fuffering the Prince to go away
without his Infanta: For it hath given occaiion of advantage to the Eng-
///&(who now feem indifferent whether they match with him or no) to
proceed more ftoutly , and to add to the former Articles which the
Prince had fworn at his being here, certain new Propofitions about the
Palatinate, which was thought to be unfit to motion at his being here,
by reafon of the engagement of his perfon. And there is a Commiffion
fent to the Earl of Briftol to treat of thefe two bufinelTes joyntly ; and if
the King of Spain give not a fatisfadory anfwer therein, then he is to
return home. Buckingham hath little obligation < to Spain, there-
fore for his own particular he hath good reafon if he cannot prop him-
himfelf this way, to find other means for his fupport : unkindnelTes
paffed between him and Olivarez, and a hot heart-burning between him
and Briftol) who told him here before the Prince , that being fo far his
fuperior in honor and might, he might haply contemn him, but he could
never hate him. Ever fince his departure he hath attempted to crufh
Briftol to pieces, who is out of purfe 'two thoufand pound of his own
fincc his coming hither ,&'hc is fo crofled that he cannot get a peny from
England. If he cannot get a furrender of the Palatinate to the Kings
mind, he is in a poor cafe ; for he muft hence prefently : he is much fa--
voured of the King here and Olivare*,^ therefore they will do much
for him before Buckingham work his revenge upon him : he hath recei-
ved lately more comfortable difpatches from England^ and in the laft the
King fent him,he requires his advice in certain things. The Proxie the
King of Spain had to marry the Infanta in the Princes name, is proro--
ged till March. There is great refentment of the delayes in the Court
here ; and the Infanta hath given over ftudying of Englifo. The two
Ambafladors here ever iince the Princes departure, have vifited the In-
fantazs vatfals; but now they carry thcmfelvcs like Ambafladors a--
gain. We are all here in fufpenfe, and a kind of maze to fee the 'event
of things , and how matters will be pieced together again, we know
noc.
McmrM to the King of Spainfy Sir Walter Afhton,
or in Spain, jug. 29. 1624.
Sir welter Ajhton^ AmbafTador to the King of Great Britain, faith,
That the King his Mailer hath commanded him to reprefent to your
Ma jefty, that having declared to your Majefty the reafons why he could
receive no fatisfadion by your Majefties anfwer of the firft of fawtarj,
and that thereby according to the unanimous confent of his Parliament
he came to diflblve both the Treaties of the Match and Palatinate, hfe
received another anfwer from your Majefty , wherein he finds lefs
ground to build upon ; and having underftood that either by the Padre
de Maeftro, or your Majefties AmbafTadors which have aftifted thefe
dayes paft in this Court, there was fomething to be propounded and de-
clared touching the bufinefs of the Palatinate , whereby he might have
received fatisfadion , the faid Ambafladors untill now have not faid
any thing at all to purpofe ; which comparing with other circumftances
of their ill carriage, he gathers and doubts, that according to the ill affe-
dion , and depraved intentions wherewith they t have proceeded in ail
things,but efpedally in particular they have laboured to hinder the good
correfpondency and fo neceffary and defired intelligence which fhould
be conferved with your Majefty. Furthermore he faith, That the King
his Matter hath commanded him to give account to your Majefty, that in
an Audience which he gave to the Marqnefs de Injkf* and Don C*rlo
Cclcwma, they under Cloak and pretext of zeal & particular care of his
perfon,preterided to di (cover unto him a very great conjuration againft
jiis perfon and Royall Dignity, and it was,
That at the beginning of the Parliament, the Duke of Buckingham
had confulted with certain Lords, of the arguments and means which
were to be taken touching the breaking and diflblving of the Treaties
of the Palatinate and Match ; and the confultations paffed thus far,
That, if his Majefty would not accommodate himfelf to their councels,
they would give him a houfe of pleafure whither he might retire himfelf
to his fports, in regard that the Prince had now years fufficient to, and
parts aufwerable for the government of the Kingdom.
The Information was of that quality, that it was fufficient to put im-
preflion in him of perpetual jealoufies, in regard that through the ribs
of the Duke he gave wounds to the Prince his foil, and the Nobility ;
and
^ T A Memorial given toihe A'/>0/Spairi. 153
I and it is not probable that they could bring to effed fuch defigns with-
v jout departing totally from the obligation of faith and loyalty which
they owed to his Perfon and Crown, becaufe the Lords made chemlelves
culpable as concealers : And it is not likely that the Duke would hurl
himfelf into fuch an enterprize, without communicating it firft with the
Prince, and knowing his pleafure.
And becaufe this information might be made more clear, he did make
many inftances unto the faid Ambafladors, that they would give him
the Authors of the faid Conjuration, this being the fole means
whereby their own honor might be preferved, &c. whereby their great
zeal and care they had pretended to have of his perfon, might appear.
But inftead of confirming the great zeal they had pretended to bear
him; all the anfwer they made him, .confided of Arguments againft.
the difcovery of the Confpirators : So that for the confirmation of the
faid report, there remained no other means then the examination of
fome of his Councell of State, and principall fubjeds , which he put in
execution , and made them take oath every one particularly in his own
prefence, and commanded that fuch interrogatories and queftions
fhould be propounded unto them that were moft pertinent to the accu-
fation ; fo that neither part, particle, or circumftance remained, which
was not exactly examined and winnowed, and he found in the Duke and
the reft that were accufed,a fincere Innocency touching the accufations
and imputation wherewith they were charged.
This being fo,he turned to make new inftances unto the faid Ambaf-
fadors, that they (hould not prefer the difcovery of the names of the
Confpirators to the fecurity of his Royall perfon, and truth and honor
of thmefelves,and the hazard of an opinion to be held, and judged the
Traytorsof a plot of fuch malice, fed'ttonand danger. But the Am-
bafladors remaining in a knotty kind of obftinacy, refolved to conceal
the Authors. Neverthelefs afterterwards he gave them an audience,
wherein the Marquefs oflnjiofa took his leave. *
Few days after they demanded new audience, pretending that they
had fomthing to fay that concerned the publique good, and conduced to
the entire rettitution of the Palatinate, with defire to lofe no opportu-
nity that might conduce thereunto , and therewith the confirmation
and confervation of the friendfhip with your Majefty having fuf-
pended fome few days to give them audience, thinking that being there-
by better advifed, they would refolve upon a wifer courfe, and declare
the Authors of fo pernitious an action, and having fince made many in-
ftances, and attended the fuccefs of fo tong patience, he fent his Secre-
X tar)',
^fe-- ;
154 A Memorial given to the King o/ Spain
tary , and Sir Francis Cottington Secretary to the Prince, commanding )
them that they fhould fignifie'unto the Ambafladors, that he defired no- v
thing more then the continuance of the friendfhip 'twixt both the'
Crowns and if fo they had any thing to fay, they would communicate
it to the faid Secretaries ,as perfons of fo great truft, which he fent to that
end : And if they made difficulty of this,that they would chufe amongft
his Councell of State, thofe which they liked beft, and he would com-
mand that they ftiould prefently repair unto them;and if this did not like-
wife feem beft unto them , that they would fend what they had to fay in
a Letter fealed up, by whom (hould feem beft junto them, and he would
receive it with his own hands. But the Ambafladors misbehaving
themfelves in all that was propounded , the faid Secretaries according
to the order which they brought, .told them , that they being the Au-
thors of an information fo dangerous and feditious, had made them-
felves uncapable to treat further with the King their Mafter ; and
were it not for the rcfped to the King his dear and beloved brother and
their Mafter , and in contemplation of their condition as Ambafladors
of fuch a Majefty, he would and could by the Law of Nations, and the
right of his own Royall Juitice, proceed againft them with fuch feverity
?,s their offence deferved , but for thereafons aforefaid he would leave
the reparation hereof to the juftice of their King, of whom he would
demand and require it.
In conformity whereof the faid Ambaflador of the King of Great
Britain, faith, that the King his Mafter hath commanded him to de-
mand reparation & fatisfadion of your Majefty againft the faid Marquis
de hijiofa and Don Carlos Colomma t making your Majefty Judge of the
grer.t fcandall and enormous offence which they have committed againft
them and the publick right, and exped juftice from your Majefty in the
demonftrations and chaftifements which your Majefty (hall inflid upon
them, which for his proceeding fake with your Majefty, and out of your
Majefties own uprightnefs and goodnefs ought to be expeded-
Furthermore he faith, that the King his Mafter hath commanded him
to affure
dence
fences of your Mi
fons-, and that he remains with your Majefty in the true and ancient
friendfhip and brotherhood,as heretofore ; and that he is ready to give
hearing to any thing that (hall be reafon, and to anfwer thereunto : and
when your Majefty is pleated to fend your Ambafladors thither, he will
make them all good treaty ? ,and receive them with that good love that is
By Sir Walter Afhton. 155
For conclufion, the faid Ambaflador humbly befeecheth your Majefty
-will be pleafed to obferve and weigh the care aad tendernefs wherewith
the King his Matter proceeded with your Majefties Ambafladors, not
obliging to precipitate refolutions , but giving them much time to prove
and give light of that which they had fpoken ; and bcfides opening unto
them many ways that they might comply with their orders, if they had
anyfuch. Which courfe if they had taken, they might well have given
fatisfadion to the King his Mailer, and moderated the fo grounded opi-
nion of their ill proceedings againft the peace , and fo good intelligence
and correfpondence betwixt both the Crowns.
Madrid ', Aug. 5. 1624.
The Petition of Francis Philips to King James for the re-
leaf e of Sir Robert Philips Pr if oner in tke Tower.
IMoft dread Soveraign,
IF the Thrones of Heaven and Earth were to be follicited one and the
fame way, I fhould have learned by my often praying to God for
your Maj'efty, how to pray to your Majefty for others. But the Li-
turgies of the Church and Court arc different, as in many other points,
fo efpecially in this, That in the one there is not fo poor a friend but may
offer his vows immediately to the Almighty ; whereas in the other a
right loyal fubjeft may pour out his foul in vain,without an Or a pro ttobis.
Now fuch is the obfcure condition of your humble Suppliant , as I know
no Saint about your facred Majefty to whom I can addrefs my orifons,or
in whofe mediation I dare repofe the leaft aflurance. Let it be therefore
lawful for me in this extraordinary occafion, to pafs the ordinary forms ;
and raifing my fpirits above uncertainties, to fix my intire faith upon
your Majefties fupreme goodnefs, which is and ever ought to be efteem-
ed both the beft Tribunal, and the bcft Sandtuary for a good caufe.
But how good foever my caufe be, it would be high preemption in me
to ftand upon it. I have therefore chofen rather to caft my felf at your
Majefties feet, from whence I would not willingly rife, but remain a
monument of forrow and humility till I have obtained fomc gracious
anfwer to my Petition : For though your Majefties thoughts cannot di-
fcern fo low , as to conceive how much it importeth a poor diftrefled
X 2 Supplian
j 55 'the Petition of Francis Philips
Suppliant to be reviled, neglected, yet you may be pleafed to believe i
that we are as highly affeded, and as much anguiftied with the extre-/"
mities that prefs our little fortunes, as Princes are with theirs. Which I
(peak not out of any pride I take in comparing fmall things with great,
but only to difpofe your Maiefty to a favourable conftrudion of my
words, if they feetn to be overcharged with zeal and affection, or to
exprefs more earneftnefs then perhaps your Majefty may think the bufi-
nefs merits as my felf values it. The fuit I am to make to your Mijefty is
no Height one, it may be eafily granted without references : For I dare
aflure your Ma jefty upon my life, it is neither againft the Laws of the
Kingdom, nor will diminifti any of your treafure, either that of your
coffers, or that of your peoples hearts ; it being an ad of clemerxie, or
rather a word, for even that will fatisrie to create in your poor dejeded
Suppliant a new heart, and fend him away as full of concent as he is now
of grief and defpair. Nor is it for my felf I thus implore your Majefties
grace, but for one that is far more worthy, and in whom all that I am
confifts, my dear Brother, who I know not by what misfortune hath
fallen,or rather been piifhed into your Majefties difpleafure ; not in dark
and crooked ways, as corrupt and ill-arfeded fubjeds ufe to walk, and
near to break their necks in,but even in the great road, which both him-
felf & all good Engliflimen that know not the paths of the Court,would
have fworn would have led moft fafely and moft diredly to your Maje-
fties fervice from your Majefties difpleafure; there needs no other inven-
tion to crucifie a generous and honeft-mir.ded fuppliant,upon whom hath
ifiiud, and been derived a whole torrent of exemplary purrifhment, wher-
in his reputation,his perfon, and his eftate grievoufly fuffered.
For having /upon the laft procefs of Parliament) retired himfelf to his
poor houfe in the Countrey , with hope a while to breathe after thefe
troublefome affairs, and ftill breathing nothing but your Majefties fer-
vice ; he was fent for ere he hadfiniftied his Chriftmas, by a Sergeant at
Arms,who arrefted him in his own houfe with as much terror as belongs
to the apprehending of treafon it felf: But (thanks be to God) his
confcience never ftarted ; and for his obedience herein (hewed,it was not
in the power of any authority to furprize it : For at the inftant with-
out asking one minutes time ofrefolution , he rendered himfelf to the
officers difcretion, who ( according to his directions) brought him up
captive, and prefented him at the Councell Table as a Delinquent, from
whence he was as foon committed to the Tower, where he ever fince
hath been kept clofe prifoner, and that with fo ftrida hand, as his own
beloved wife and my felf having fometime fince urgent and unfaigned
occafion to fpeak with him about fome private bufinefs of his Family ;
arid hereupon making humble petition to the Lords of your Majefties
moft
to King James, &c.
moft honorable Privy Councell for the favour of accefle, we were to our
great difcomforts denied it, by reafon as their Lordfhips were
pleafed to declare unto us , that he had not fatisfied your Majefty
fully in fome points, which being fo far from being his fault, as I dare
fay it is the greateft part of his affiidion, that he lees himfelf debarred
from means of doing it. The Lords Commiflioners that were appointed
by your Majefty to examine his offence, fince the firft week of hisirn-
prifonment, have not done him the honor to be with him ; by which
means not onely his body, but (the moft part of his mind) his humble
intentions to your Majefty are kept in reftraint. May it pleafe therefore
your moft excellent Majefty now at length after five moneths imprifon-
ment and extream durance, to ordain fuch expedition in this caufe, as may
ftand with your juftice,and yet not avert your mercy, either of them will
ferve our turns ; but that which is moft agreeable to your Royall and
gracious inclination 3 will beft accomplifh our defire. To live ftill in clofe
prilbn is all one to be buried alire and for a man that hath any hope
of falvation,it were better to pray for the day of judgment, t"hen to lie
languifhing in fuch waking mifery ; yet not ours but your Majefties wil be
done.For if in your princely wifdom you (hall not think it a fit feafon ta
reftore him to his former condition, or to accept the fruit of his corre-
ction, an humble and penitent fubmiffion for his unhappinefs in offend-
ing your Majefty, which I allure my feif is long fince ripe and grown to
full perfedion in fo forward affedion,and fo proper for all duties as his
hath ever been : If (I fay) it be not yet time to have mercy, but that he
muft ftill remain within the walls of bondage to expiate that which he
did in thefe priviledged ones, my hope is^that he will die at any time for
your Majefties fervice, and will find patien.ce to live any where for your
Majefties pleafure; only thus much let me befeech your Majefties grace
again and again,not to deny your humble and moft obedient fbpplianr,
that you will at leaft be pleafed to mitigate the rigor of his furferings
fofar as to grant him the liberty of tfye Tower, that he may no longer
groan under the burthen of thofe incomodities which Klaily prejudice his
health & fortune,in a higher degree (1 believe) then either your Majefty
knows or intends $ I am the more bold to importune your Majefty in the
point of favour, becaufe it concerns my own good & prefervation : For
your Maj. (hall deign to underftand that I your fuppliant have no means
to live but what proceeds from his brotherly love and bounty ; fo as if I
may not be fuffered to go to him and receive order for my maintenance,
I know none buc Our Father which art in heaven to beg my daily bread
on ; he that was my father onearth is long fince departed (if I havenoc
been misinformed,) who was then beyond fea, your Majefties anger was
to him little better then the mefTenger of death, though I perfwade my
felf it was rather fent in your Majefties Name then in your Warrant,.
1 58 The Petition of Francis Philips.
For what ufe could y our Ma jefty have of his not being, who neither \
was, nor could be ever but your faithful and affedionate fervant, who in v'
his foul adored your Royal Majefty as much as ever mortal man did any l
mortal God ; laftly, whofe heart was fo bent to pleafe your Majefty, as
the very found of your difpleafure was enough to break it. And more
perfed obedience then this can no fubjed (hew , to make his Soveraigns
favour equal to life and death.
Pardon me, dread Soveraign, if in this occafion I cannot hinder my
Fathers ghoft from appearing: For how can it poilibly -be at reft, as
long as your fatal difpleafure reigns ftill in his family, and makes it the
houfe of continual mourning ? Remove then(if it be your blefled will)the
clouds that have been fo long hanging over our heads ; and let not the
prefent ftorm that wants matter to produce, extort a thunderbolt : For
what is Philips, or the fon of Philips fbat your Majefty (hould fo deftroy
them ? We are unworthy of Cafar's anger,as well in regard of our means
as of our innocencie ?
To conclude my prayers, I mod humbly befeech your Majefty to
forgive them ; and let not the ignorance of the ftile, or ceremonies ufed
in the Court , be imputed to your humble and well-meaning Suppliant,
as a willing want of reverence j in whofe breaft thefe two legal qualities,
Love and Fear, do more vigoroufly meet, or who could more willingly
part with his eflence, to add the leaft acquifition to the greatnefs and
ma jefty of his Soveraign. True it is, that the fubjed that imployed tiie
faculties of my foul at this prefent, is of fuch a nature, as I could not
deny it the uttermoft of my affedion ; and he that thinks he can never
fpeak enough, may eafily fpeak too much. That neither my felf nor my
brother have failed in any thing but words, that your Majefty will par-
don, without that all crimes are equal, and as much danger lies in an
humble Petition as in a plot of high Treafon.
Be pleafed then ( moft gracious Soveraign ) to give us back one gra-
cious word , and keep our undoubted hearts, at leaft (hew us fo much
mercy as to judge us according to your own goodnefs : For if we had
not liberty to appeal thither, we {hould be in danger of lofing the beft
part of our birthright, and inftead of your Majefties fubjeds become
other mens (laves. From your Majefty therefore , and from no other,
your faithful fuppliant craves and expeds the joyfull word of grace :
which if I may be fo happy as to earry my poor brother before he grows
any elder in mifery, I (hall fill an honeft heart with prayers and thankf-
giving : And for my particular, your Majeftie^ sreateft favour and li-
berality (hall not more oblige or better affed .;.ers, then your Royal
clemencic (hall me. In memory whereof I (hall daily pray, that your
Majefty
James, &c.
r Mafe/ly may obtain a!! yatit u iires of heaven, and To be obeyed in all
, you? commandments on earth, :hat we may live to fee your holy inten-
tions to take effect for the good of Chiiftendom, and fo you may ho-
nour the age you iive in with the minitus of your wifdom. Finally, that
your felicity in this world may overtake that in the higheft to make you
wear a perpetual Crown to Gods glory and your own.
Tour Afajefrifs moft bumble, loyal, and
true-hearted EngliJJjfnhje^
FRANCIS PHILIPS.
Oliver St. Johns to the Major of Marlborough
again fk the Benevolence.
AS I think, this kind of Benevolence is againft Law, Reafon, and
Religion.
Firft, the Law is in the Statute called Magna Charta^ 9. H. 3 . cap. 29.
That no Free-man be any way deftroyed but by the Lawes of this
Land.
Secondly, befides that the faid Statute of Magna Chart* is by all
Princes fince eftablifhed and confirmed, it is in the fpeciali cafe of vo-
luntary or free grants enaded and decreed 25. E. i. cap. 5. That no
fuch be drawn into cuftome,and r^.tf.That henceforth be taken no fuch
Aids, Tasks/ree Grants, or Prizes, but by aflentof all the Realm, and
for the good of the fame. And in primo R. 3 . cap. 2. That the Subjects
and Commons in this Realm from henceforth (hall in no wife be char-
ged by any charge or impolition called a Benevolence, or any fuch like
charge,and that fuch exadions called a Benevolence,(hall be damned and
annul led for ever.
Firft, it is not onely without, but againft reafon, that the Commous in
their feverall and particulars, ftiould be made relievers or (uppliers of
his Majefties wants,who neither know his wants, nor the fums tiat may
be this way raifed to fupply the fame.
Secondly, it is againtl reafon that the particular and feverall Com.
mons diftraded , (hould oppofe their judgment and difcretion to the
judgement and difcretion of the wifdom of their Land aflembkd in
Parliament., who have there denied any fuch aid.
It
I do the Petition rf Francis Philips 5 c^^.
It argueth in us want of love and due refped of our Soveraign Lord i
and King, which ought to be in every of us towards each other, which v
is to ftay every one which we fee falling, and reduce the current. What '
profperity can there be expected to befall either our King or Nation,
when the King (hall haply of ignorance, or ('tis I hope) out of
forgetfulneffe or headinefle, commit fo great a fin againft his God,
as is the violating of his great and folemn oath taken at his coronation
for the maintaining of his Lawes, Liberties and Cuftomes of this Noble
Realm,& his Subjeds,fome for fear,fome in pride, fome to pleafe others,
(hall joyn hands to forward fo unhappy an ^achievement , can he any
way more highly offend the Divine Majefty(whom he then invocated)
as alfo can he then give unto another. Hen. 4. If fuch an one fhould
rife up (which God forbid) a greater advantage,let thefe Articles put up
againft R. 2. be looked on, it will appear that the breach of the Laws, in-
fringing the Liberties, failing in this his oath, were the main blemifhes
wherewith he could diftain andJpot the honor of that good and gentle
Prince, who indeed was rather by others abufed, then ofhimfelfe mif-
chievoufly any way difpofed.
Secondly, as very irreligioufly and uncharitably we help forward the
Kings Majefty in that grievous fin of perjury ; fo into what an hellifh
danger we plunge our felves even fo many of us as contribute, is to be
learned out of the feverall curfes and fentencesof excommunination gi-
ven out againft all fuch givers, and namely the two following, viz. the
great curfe given out the 5 6. #.3. againft all breakers of the Liberties
andcuftomesoftheRealmof England, with their Abettors, Councel-
lors, and Executioners, wherein by the fentence of BoNtface^Archkiftiop
of Canterbury , and the chief part of all the Bifhops of this Land, are
ipfo fatto excommunicated. And that of 24. Ed. i. denounced imme-
diatly upon the Acls made agaioft fuch Benevolence, free Grants and
Impoficions had and taken without common afTent ; which becaufe it is
not fo large as that former, I will fet down as our Books deliver the
fame.
'Oliver Sijohnto the Major of MArlborougb. . 1 8 1
IN the Name of the Father, Son, and holy Ghoft, Amen. Whereas
our Sovereign Lord the King, to the honour ofGod,and of the Holy
Church, and for the common profit of the Realm, hath granted for him
and his heirs for ever thefe Articles above written: Robert Archbifhop
of Canterbury, Primate of all England ^ admoniftied all his Province
once, twice, and thrice, becaufe that fhortnefs will not fuffer fo much
delay, as to give knowledge to all the people of England of thefe pre-
fents in writing. We therefore enjoyn all perfons.of what eftatc fo-
ever they be , that they and every of them as much as in them is, fhal
uphold and maintain thofe Articles granted by our Soveraign Lord the
King in all points; and all thofe that in any point do refift or break thofe
Ordinances, or in any manner hereafter procure, counfel, or in any ways
aflent to,relift or break thofe Ordinances, or go about it by word or
deed openly or privatly by any maner of pretence or colour : We there-
fore the faid Archbifhop by our authority in this Writing exprefled, do
excommunicate and accurfe, and from the body of our Lord Jefus
Chrift, and from all the company of Heaven, and from ail the Sacra-
ments of the holy Church do fequefter and exclude.
Sir, hearing that to morrow the Juftices will be here about this bufie
work of Benevolence, wherein you have both fentunto, and talked with
me,and thinking that it may be you would deliver up the names of the
not-givers.ForafmuchasI thinklftial fcarcely beat home to make my
further anfwer,if I fhould be called for, I pray you both hereby to un-
derftand my mind your felf, and if caufe fo require to let the Juftices
perceive as much. So leaving others to their own confciences, whereby
in that laft and dreadfull day they dial ftand or fall before him who will
reward every man according to his deeds , I commend you to the grace
of the Almighty, and reft,
Tour loving Neighbour and Friend^
OLIVER St.JOHN.
A a lie
the Jttjkices of Devon
The Jttflices of teut in the County of Devon to the
Lords of the Cottncell.
T He Letters from his facred Ma jefty unto the" Juft ices of Peace in
this County, together with your Lordlhips, have been opened and
read according to the directions in your Locdftiips Letter to our high
Sheriff expreffed, and the weighty bufinefs therein contained, hath been
maturely and fpeedily debated, according to our molt bounden duties
to his excellent Majefty,and the many concurring neceffities which prefs
the expedition of fuch a fervice : and in thofe refpecls we candonolefs
then give your Lordfliips a timely knowledge of the vote and opinion
of us all, which was this day almoft in the fame words delivered by every
of us.
That the fum enjoyned to be levied by the firft of March, is not to fee
fofuddenly raifed out of this County by any means, much lefs by way
of perfwafion ; and hereof we had lately a certain experience in the bu-
finefs of the loans, which notwithftanding the fear apprehended by the
prcfence of the Purfivant, hath come at leaft 6000. 1. fhort of the ex-
pected fum , and without him we fappofe would have been much lefs,
and we are confident that nothing but extremities, which had need alfo
beback'tby Law, will raife his Majefty a fufficient quantity of treafure
for his occaiions. For our felves, at the time of the propofition of the
forementioned Loans, we did according to his Majefties proclamation
and inftrudion then fent us, engage our faithfull promife to 'our Coun-
treymen, that if they willingly yeilded to his Majefties necefiitics at this
time, we would never more belnftruments in the levy of aids of that
kind, his Majefties intentions fo clearly manifefted not to make that a
prefident, was the caufe of that engagement , and we conceive it cannot
be for his honor or fervice for us to be the means of fuch a breach.
That his Majefties affairs and of his Allies, do all want an inirant fup-
ply of Royall provifions ; his provident and Princely Letter hath
fully taught us ; but we have much mare caufe to wi(h then hope that
theie parts fo lately and fo many ways impoverifoed, can yeild it.
Your Lordfliips may vouchfafe to remember how much rhis County
hath been charged fince the beginning of the war, though fometimes
refreshed with payment, which we acknowledge with humbfe thanks.
By our own lace loan of 3 5000. 1. and ^"QOCK 1. more fent by Sir Thomat
'tkt Lords of the Conned. j g ^
wife and Mr. Stroad, and yet there remains due to it for the Coat and
- t Condud of their own impreft Soldiers, for divers voyages for the Re-
cruits intended for the Ifle of Ree for the condud: of the whole Army
hence, bcfides three Companies ftand yet here for Sillj , and no fmall
number of fcattercd fick,whofe naortall uifedion hath more difcouraged
the people then the charge.
That many and aliuoft unaccountable are our ways of expence, few
or none have we of in-come for the want of Trade, how then can there
be any quantity of money to disburfe; their bodies and goods are left
which (we are aflbred) will be ever ready for his Majefties defence, and
to be im ployed in his Majefties fervice as far forth as ever our fore-
fathers have yeilded them to his Majefties Royall Progenitors.
Particular proofs we would have made of the peoples difability to
ha vefatisfied his Majefties demands, but we had rather adventure our
felves, and this humble advertifemenc upon your Lordfhips private and
favourable inftrudions, then to expofe his Majefties honor to publique
deniall, and misfpend his pretious time , which applied to more certain
courfemay attain his Princely and religious ends, wherein to be his Ma-
jefties Inftrumcnts will be our earthly happinels, and fingular comfort
to be your Lordfhips obedient fervajits.
the Archbifiop ef Canterbury to the Sifh^fs concerning
King James his Directions for Preachers^ ronh the
Directions ^Ang. 14. 1622.
Right Reverend Father in God, and my very good Lord and Bro-
ther, I have received from the Kings moft .excellent Majefty, a
Letter, the tenor whereof here enfueth.
Moft reverend Father in God,right trufty and right *entirely beloved
Councillor, we greet you well. Foraftnuch as the abufes and extrava-
gancies of Preachers in the Pulpit,have been in all times repreffed in this
Realm by fome Ad of Councell or State, with the advice or refoludon
of rave and learned Prelates, infomuch as the very licencing of Prea-
chers had beginning by an Order of Star-Chamber the 8. day of July
in the 19. year of King Henry 8. our Noble PredecefTor : and whereas
at this prefent divers young Students by reading of late Writers and un-
grounded Divines, do broach many times unprofitable^ unfound, fediti-
ous and dangerous Dodrine,to the fcandall of the Church,-and difquiet-
Aa 2 ing
184 Tfa Arcbb, of Canterbury to the Bifheps
rng of the State titid prefent Government ; We upon humble repreiei> : '
ration to us of thefe inconveniences by your felf and fundry other grave,
and reverend Prelats of this Church, as alfo of our Princely care and zeai
for the extirpation of fchifme and diflention growing from thefe feeds,
and for the fetling of a religious and peaceable government both of the
Church and State, da by thefe our fpeciail Letters, ftraitly charge and
command you to ufe all poflfible care and diligence that thefe limitati-
ons and cautions herewith fent unto you concerning Preachers, be duly
and ftraitly henceforth obferved and put in practice by the feverall Bi-
ftiops in their feverall Diocefles within your jurifdidions. And to this
end our pleafure is , that you fend them forthwith feverall Copies of
thefe Directions^ be by them fpeedily fent and communicated to ever
ry arfon, Vicar and Curate, Lecturer and Mtnifter in every Cathedral!
and Parifh Church within their feveral Dioceffes; and that you earneftly
require them to imploy their uttermoft indeaVour in the performance
of this fo important a buiinefs, letting them know that we have a fpe-
ciail eye to dteir proceedings, and expeftaftrict account thereof both
of you and them, and every of them. And thefe our Letters (hall be
your fufficiant Warrant and Difcharge in that behalf. Given under our
Signet at our Caftle of wintfor the fourteenth day of Auguft, in the
twentieth year of our reign of England, trance^ and Ireland , and of
Scotland the fifty fixt.
* i Directions concerning Preacher f.
THat no Preacher under the degree of a Bifhop, or a Dean of a Ca-
thedrajl or Collegia! Church, and that upon the Kings days,and fet
Feftivals,do take occafion by the expounding of any Text of Scripture
whatfoever, to fall to any fet Difcourfe or Common-place, otherwife
then by opening the coherence and divifion of his Text , which be not
comprehended an^ warranted in efience, fubftance, effed, or naturall
inference within fome one of the Articles of Religion fet forth by autho-
rity in the Church of England, and the two Books of Homilies fet forth
by the fame authority in the year 1 56*2. or in fome of the Homilies fet
forth by authority of the Church of England, not onely for the help of
non-preaching, but withall for a Patern or a Boundary as it were for the
preaching Mmiftersjand for their further inftruftion for the performance
hereof^that they forthwith read over and perufe diligently the faid Book,
ctf Articles, and the two Books- of Homilies.
-a. That no-Parfon, Vicar, Curat, or Lefturer, (hall preach any Ser-
' ( concerning "Direttibns for Preachers. 185
mon or Collation hereafter upon Sundays or Holidays in the afternoon
in any Cathedral or Parifh-Churcn throughout the Kingdom, but upon
fome part of the Catechifm, or fome Text taken .out of the Creed, the
ten Commandments, or the Lords prayer, ( Funeral-fermons only ex-
cepted ) And that thofe Preachers be moft encouraged and approved of
who fpend their afternoons exercifes in the examination of Chiljken in
their Catechifm, which is the moft antient and laudable cuftom ofteadvr
ing in the Church of England.
3. That no Preacher of what title or denomination foever under the
degree of a Bilhop, or Dean at the leaft, do from henceforth prefume to
preach in any popular Auditory the deep points of Predeftination, Ele-
dion, Reprobation, or the univerfality, efficacie, refiftibility or irre-
fiftibility of Gods grace ; but leave thefe Theams to be handled by
learned men, and that moderately and modeftly by way of ufe and appli-
cation,ratber then by way of pofitive dodrine,as being fitter for Schools
and Univerfities then for fimple Auditories.
4.That no Preacher of what title or denomination foever flial prefuma
from henceforth in any Auditory within this Kingdom to declare , limit,
or bound out by way of pofitive dodrine in any Sermon or Ledure the
power, prerogative, jurifdidion, authority, right or duty of foveratgn
Princes ; or otherwife meddle with thefe matters of State> and the dif-
ferences betwixt Princes and people , then as they are inftruded and
prefidented in the Homilies of Obedience, and in the reft of the Homilies
and Articles of Religion fet forth as before 'is mentioned by publique
Authority , but rather confine themfelves wholly to thefe two heads,
Faith and good life, which are all the fubj'ed of ancient Homilies and
Sermons. ,
5. That no Preacher of what title or denomination foever (hail caufe-
lefly or without invitation of the Text fall into bitter invedives, or un-
decent railing fpeeches againft the perfons of either Papifts or Puritans^
but modeftly and gravely when they are occafioned thereunto by the.
text of Scripture, cleer both the dodrine and difcipline of the Church
of England from the afperfions of either adverfary, efpecially when the
Auditory is fufpeded with tfie one or the other infedion.
6. Laftly, That the Archbifhop and Bilhops of this Kingdom (whom
his Majefty hath goed caufe to blame for their former remifnefs ) be
jnorc.wary and choife in the lieenftng of Preachers^and revoke all grants
made.
of Canterbury, &c.
made to any Chancellor, Official 01; CommifTary, to pafs Licences in
this kind. And that all the Lecturers throughout the Kingdom, a new
body, and fevered from the antient Clergie of England, as being neither
Parfons, Vicars, nor Curates, be licenfed henceforward in the Court of
Faculties only .upon recommendations of the party from the Bi(hop of
the DiDcefs under his hand and feal , with a Fiat from the Archbifhop
Gi Canterbury^ and a confirmation under "the great feal of England - t
and that fuch as tranfgrefs any of thefe Directions, be fufpended by the
Lord Bifhop of that Diocefs, or in his default by the Lord Archbiftiop
of that Provinte (ab officio & beneficio) for a year and a day, untill his
Majefty by the advice of the next Convocation (hall prcfcribe fome fur-
ther punirfunent.
By this you fee his Majefties Princely care that men (hould preach
Chrift crucified, obedience to the higher powers, and honeft and Chri-
ftian converfation of life , but in a regular form , and not that every
young man {hould take unto himfelf an exorbitant liberty to teach what
he lifteth to the offence of his Majefty, and to the difturbance and dif-
quiet of the Church and Commonwealth. I can give unto your Lord-
(hip no better directions for the performance hereof then are prefcribed
to you in his. Majefties Letter, and the Schedule hereunto annexed.
Wherefore I pray you be very carefull, fmce it is the Princely pleafure
of his Majefty to require an exact account both of you and of me for the
fame. Thus not doubting but by your Regifter or otherwife you will
caufe thcfe Inftructions to be communicated to your Clergy, I leave you
to the Almighty, and remain your Lordfhips loving brother;
1(522. George Cant.
King
Ki
to the ^rchbijhof of Canterbury
concerning Orders to he sbfewed by Bijhops in
their DiocefJ'es. 1622.
i. * p Hat the Lords the Bifhops be commanded to their feverall Sees,
1 excepting thofe that are in neceflary attendance at Court.
i. That none of them refide upon his land or leafc that he hath pur-
chafed , nor on his Commendum if he hold any ; but in one of his E-
pifcopall Houfes if hc^have any, and that he wafte not the woods where
any arc left.
3. That they give their charge in their Trienniall Vifitations, and at
other convenient times both by themfelves and the Archdeacons, and
that the Declaration for fetling all queftions in difference, be ftridly ob-
lerved by all parties.
4. That there be a fpeciall care taken by them all, that the Ordinati-
ons be folemn.and not of unworthy perfons.
5. That the}
Diocefs, forwl
Firft, That in all Parifties the after-noon Sermons may
Catechifing by Queftion and Anfwer, when and wherefoever there is
no great caufe apparent to break this ancient and profitable order.
Secondly, that every Bifhop ordain in his Diocefs, that every Lectu-
rer do read Divine Service according to the Liturgy printed by authori-
ty, in his Surplice and Hood, before the Lefture.
Thirdly, That where a Lefture is fet up in a Market Town , it may
be read by a company of grave and Orthodox Divines neer ad joyning,
and in the fame Diocefs, and that they preach in Gowns, not in Cloaks,
as too many ufe to do.
Fourthly, That if a Corporation do maintain a fingle Lecturer, he be
not fuffered to preach till he profefle his willingnefTe to take upon
him a living with cure of fouls within that Incorporation, and that he
actually take fuch Benefice or Cure, fo foon as it (hall be fairly procured
for him.
Fifthly, That the Bifhops do countenance and encourage the grave &-
Orthodox Divines of their Clergy, and that they ufe means by fome of
the Clergy Brothers, that they may have knowledge how both Le-
fturers--
1 88 King James his Infractions .fie.
cturers and Preachers within their Diocefs, do behave themfelves in
their Sermons , that fo they may take order for any abufe accor-
dingly. . n
Sixthly, That the Bifhops fuffer none under NoDiemen, or men qua-
lified by Law, to have any private Chaplain in his houfe,
Seventhly, That they take fpeciall care that Divine Service be dili-
gently frequented, as well for Prayers and Catechifmes as for Sermons,
and take particular note of all fuch as abfent themfelves as Recufants, or
others.
Eighthly , That every Bifhop that by our grace and favour, and
good opinion of his fervice, (hall be nominated by us to another Bi-
ihoprick, (hall from that day of nomination not prefume to make any
Leafe for three lives or one and twenty years, or concurrent Leafe , or
any way renew any eftate, or cut any Wood or Timber, but meerly re-
ceive his Rents due and to quit the place. For we think it an hatefull
thing that any man leaving the Bilhoprick (hould almoft undo his Suc-
ceffor. And if any man (hall prefume to break this Order , We will
refufe him Our Royall aflent, and keep him at the place he hath fo
abufed.
Ninthly and laftly, We command you to give us an account every
year the fecond of January of the performance of thefe our commands.
Subfcribedat Dorchefler.
i. R.
Sijhof ofWiaeheftcr to his Archdeacon, &
Bijhop of Winchcfter to his Archdwon to the
f*me effetf.
SAlntem ift Chrifto. I have received Letters from the moft Reverend
Father in God the Lord Archbifhop of Canterbury , the tenor
whereof foloweth.
Right reverend Father in God, my very good Lord and brother,
I have received from the Kings molt excellent Majefty a Letter , the
tenor whereof here cnfucth.
Moft reverend Father in God, right trufty and right entirely beloved
Councellor, we greet you well. For as much as the abufes and extrava-
gancies of Preachers in the Pulpit, have been, &c.
According to the tenor of thefe Letters you are to fee that thefe li-
mitations and cautions herewith fent unto you be duly and ftriftly from
henceforth obferved, and put in pradice , and that feveral Copies of
thofe Directions be fpeedily communicated to every one of thofe whom
they fball concern, and that you may imploy your uttermolt endeavors
in the performance of fo important a bufinefs , confidering that his Ma-
jefty will have a fpecial eye over you and me, and expect a ftrid: accompt
at both our hands, whereof praying you to have all poffible care, I
commend your endeavours therein to the bleffing of God.
Your very loving friend,
From Farnham, Aug. 15.
1622. Lan. Winton.
Bb
The Bifhop of Lincoln to the 3 . of London
The Bifttfp of Lincoln L. Keeper, to the Bifiop of London,
concerning Preaching and Catechifing.
My very good Lord,
1 Doubt not before this time you have received from me the diredi-
ons of his moil excellent Majefty concerning Preaching and Preach-
ers, which are fo gracioufly fet down, that no godly or difcreet man
can otherwife then acknowledge that they do much tend to edification,
if he take them not up upon report, but do punctually confider the tenor
of the words as they lie, and doth not give an ill conftrudion to that
which may receive a fair interpretation. Notwithftanding becaufe fom e
few Church-men and many of the people have finifterly conceived , as
we here find, thatthofe Inftrudions do tend to the reftraint of the
exercife of Preaching, and do in fome fort abate the number of Sermons,
and fo confequently by degrees do make a breach to ignorance and fu-
perftition, his Majefty in his Princely wifdom hath thought fit that I
fhould advertife your Lordfhip of the grave and weighty reafons which
induced his Highnefs to prefcribe that which was done.
You are therefore to know , that his Majefty being much troubled
and grieved at the heart to hear every day of fo many defections from
our Rejigion both to Popery and- Anabaptifm, or other points of Se-
paration in fome parts of this Kingdom ; and considering with much,
admiration what might be the caufe thereof, efpecially in the reign of
fuch a King who doth fo conftantly profefs himfelf an open adverfary
to the fuperftition of the one, and madnefs of the other, his Princely
wifdom could fall upon no one greater probability then tire lightnefs,
affedednefs, and unprofhablenefs of that kind of Preaching which hath
been of late years too much taken up in Court^ Univerfity, City and
Country.
Theufuallfcopeofvery many Preachers is noted to be foaring up in
points of Divinity too deep for the capacity of the people , or mufte-'
ring up of fo much reading , or a difplaying of their own wit , or an
ignorant medling with Civill matters,as well in the private feverall Pa-
rifhes and Corporations, as in the publique of theKingdom,or a venting
of their own diftaftes, or a fmoothing upthofe idle fancies- (which when
the Text fhall occafion the fame , is not onely approved but much com-
mended
concerning Preaching and Cattcbifag. 191
m?" :'ed by his Royali Majefty ) both againft the perfons of Papifts and
t iviitans.
Now the people bred up wkh this kind of teaching, and never inftru-
<fed in the Catechifm, and ftindamentall grounds of Religion, are for ;
all this airy nourifhment, no better then a brafs Tabret , new Table-
books to be filled up either with Manuals and Catechifmcs of *the PO-?
pifti Priefts,or the papers and pamphlets of Anabaptifts, Brownifts and
Puritans.
His Majefty therefore calling to mind the faying of 7Vf *///*, Id
"jeritmquodprimujni and remembring wrth what dodrine the Church
of England in her firft and moft happy Reformation did drive out the
one, and keep out the other from poyfoning and infeding the people of
this Kingdom, doth find that the whole fcope of this doctrine is containr
ed in the Articles of Religion, the two books of Homilies, the lefTer
and the greater Catechifm , which his Majefty doth therefore recom-
mend again in thefe Directions as the theams and proper fubjeds f all
found and edifying preaching. -
And fo far are thefe Directions from abridging , that his Majefty
doth exped at our hands that it ftiould increafe the number of Sermons,
by renewing every Sunday in the afternoon in all Parifli-Churches
throughout the Kingdom that primitive and moft profitable expofition
of the Catechifm, wherewith the people, yea very children may be
timely feafoned and inftruded in all the heads of Chriftian Religion.
The which kind of expofition (to our amendment be it fpoken) is more
diligently obferved in all the Reformed Churches of Europe, then of late
it hath been here in England. I find his Majefty much moved with this
negled, and refolved ( if we that are Biftiops do not fee a reformation
thereof, which I truit we fhall ) to recommend to the care of the
Civil Magiftrate : fo far is his Highnefs from giving the leaft difcourage-
ment to folid preaching, or difcreet and religious Preachers.
To all thefe I am to add, That it is his Majefties Princely pleafure
that both the former Directions and thofe reafons of the fame be fairly
written in every Regifters Office , to the end that every Preacher of
what denomination foever may, if he be fo pleafed, take out Copies of
either of them with his own hand gratis, paffing nothing in the name of
fee or expedition : But if he do ufe the pains of the Regifter or the Clerk,
then to pay fome moderate Fee to be pronounced in open Court by the
Chancellor and Commiflaries of the place, taking the diredion and
approbation of my Lords the Bifhops.
B-b z Laftly,
The Bijkop of Lincoln to the Biflep, o
Laftly, That from henceforward a courfe may be taken that every
Parfon, Vicar, Curate, or Lecturer do make and exhibit an account for
the performance of thefe his Majefties directions, and the reafons for
jtfic fame, at the enfuing Vifitation of the Bifhops and Archdeacons,
paying to the Recitier 6^.for the exhibiting. And fo wifhing, but
withall in his MajeiFies name requiring your Lordftiip to have a fpecial
and extraordinary care of the premises, I leave you to the Almighty.
Your very loving friend,
.. 1622.
J.Lincoln, C.S*
M'.Bevftyr difchargedCkttHellcr to the French Rirg. 193
Inftt uttiemfor the Minifers^ and Church-War fans
of London, ft*. 28. 1621.
i. 1 -fHae bis Ma jrftits declaration, publi(hed^w>.D<>. 1628. be
JL fore the Articles of Religion,for letcling ail qucftions in diffe-
rence, be itnftiy obfcrved.
2 That inrciallcarc be had concerning Ledures in every Parifli.
3. That rhe Mm tier aad Churchwardens in every panfh, or one
of them, do by writing under his or their owne hands, cerufie unto
tl e y* tk Peaccn of JL;*4<, or his official, at, or before the 28 of
tki* prf se<i* JanuAry and afterward* at, or before every vifitation,
the Qr'Uian and Sirnames of every Lefturer in their panfhes , and
tht-pUct vherehr preacheth, whether exempt, or not exempt j to-
gether -AMth hi quality ordvg"ee.
4. 1 nat they doc in like manner cert .fie the names of fuch
meA,a hcing not qualified by Law ,do keep Chaplains m theirhoufef.
5. lhai they di turther certiric the names of all fuch as abfent
then-i>lvcs y/ cm, or are neglige*Ht in coming to divine fervice, as wcl
Prayers, a$ Ca^ech-fing and Sermons.
6. That the Mimtter and Church-Wardens of erery Parifli , fuc-
cenively,doe keep a feverall Copy of thofc Inftrud.ons b> them,
whereby they may be the better informed of their duty; and that th
faid Copiesbefhewed at every villtation , when they (hall prelent
all fuch perfons as have difobeyed thefe inftruAions; that according
to his Maj'efties pleafure , fuch as doconforme, may be encouraged,
and fuch as are refraftory, may be punifhed. Subfcnbed kt.
, Arch-Deacon of Londtn.
L
Monficar Bevayr, CkanceRottr o
charged, to the French King.
O Sir,I willingly refign into your hands, the charge with which
you were pleafcd to honour mc,and with the fame Coun enancc
that I received it. without fccking for it, I leave ic without grieving
for it ; the Law had fufficten ly taught me to obey your Majefty , fo
that i needed not to have been lent for by a Captain of the Gu.ird^
and twenty Arc'.ers j violence fhould only be ufed againft thofc that
refift, and not againft me that know how to obey-, and t.iat ha*e
cftcemedtfiw honour a heavy burden, rather then a dignity,
C c which
M r , Bevayr C/fo*V#0r 0/Francc
v. Hch yet I had accepted for the good of your fcrvice, becaufc eVery
able man owes his cares and his years to the pubhtk good ; and bc-
cauleit had been a fhame for me to relufe to die with the {tern in my
hand , being able to binder, or at the leaft dehiy the fhipwrack that
threatens us. God grant Sir , that 1 be the greateft lofer m this dif-
favour, and that you and your ftate be (he leaft touched in it..
This accident I ath not taken me on thefuddaine, having ever well
forefeen , that as I followed as much as I could , the integrity and.
VCitues of M> nfieur de Vitte roy , and the Prefident Jtnin ; fo I ought
toexped the like fortune to theirs.-youi commandment in this,agrees
with (he choice my felf had made if I had been at full liberty . for
I love a great deal better to be companion in their difgraces , (if
J ought Ib to ftilc the being disburdened of affaires ) then to be irn-
ployed in the managing the State with them that there remaine; fince
I might tn time have taken an ill day by the Company of fuch people,
to whom I no whit envy the increafe of authority, which is given
them at my c oft ; for I have not ufedro give accompt of my adions
every morning bj health, neither will I be prefcribed what I ought .
to doc , if the States good, and reafon doe not counfell me unto it.
This is much more honourable for me, then to have betrayed your
Ma/efty, infe*lingadifchargeto an accomptant of Sooco pound,
in the great poverty of the Treafury , and that to further the good
Q a man that b ufiies riot (befides this ) to demand the Dutchy of
Alanfon by way of mortgage, which is the portion of the Kings
Sons y and to pretend to the office of Con ftabte, which the late Kings
will exprefly was, (hould be fupprefied after the death of the late
\.w&Monmorency. Think nor Mr, that in not giving my confent
to this, I defired to oppofe my felf againft your Authority ,- I know
well that that hath no bounds, but thofe of your wil ; but yet are
you bound to rule your felf according to reafon , and to follow the
Gounfcl of thefc which have entred into the managing of the State
by the choice which the late King had made of them, at being more
able to give it you, then certain new comers drawn out of the dregs
of hufincfle and of the people. This exchange which is made of us
for them, is the trick of the Wolves to the Sheepe, when they tooke
their dogs from them ; doth not your Majefty perceive it,or dare you
not rcdrefTe it for fear of difobedienee ? Sir, you owe obedience by
nature to thofe that preach it to you, but they themfelves owe it you
both by divine and humane right j and though you (hould yeild them
lefle they have given you but too many examples fo te doc Re-
member if it plcafe you, thai you are paft fifteen years old,and Kings
are
to ike French King. t py
areoFage at fourteen. Ifa*c followed c/4$r*64j his Father to be
facrificed, becaufe he was not old enough to fear any thing : I be?
lieve if he had been a man grown, and had forefeene the danger, he
would not himfelf have carried the fticks upon his (boulders ; hc'was
but the a ppearance of a facrifice , I pray God in thefe occafions keep
you from the eflf d : for when I fee that men move the Authority
of the Court when they will, that men fet to fale and difpofe of the
offices of the Crown , without being once hindred by any; the
Princes of the blood having been fomc isvprifoned, and other Prin-
ces having retired themielves for the fecurity of their perfoni; whra
I fee that among the great one*, they that are made fee fome fhadotr
of better fortunes, arc faine to lend their hands to bring themfelvcs
into bondage ; that they which have attained fomc fecclednefTc in
this alteration , maintain it only for fear ot returning to the former
miferie of their former condition . Betides , it feemcs alfo
that the people, and th Provinces partake of ttiis change after the
example ofthe great ones, teeing the help of the law is unprofitable}
every thing being out of order by canvafmg, by violences , and by
corruptions j the Louvre it felf hath put on a new face, as well as the
affaires of the Kingdom* ; there remains nothing of the old Court
but the walls, and even of them the ufe hath been changed ; for they
were wont to ferve for the fafeguard of Prince*-, and HO* they ferre
for their prifon, and for yours it may be, (if it be lawfoll to fay fo-.)
for it is not without fome end, that when you go abroad , you have
a company of light horfe to attend you,chofen by a (ufpe&cd hand;
thfs is your Guard after the raftiion of the Baftde , this diftruft conn*
felsyou enough, what you ought to doe t and yon need no other
advice. I am hift ar, I am fcoft at, and my difcourfe ; fo wai Caf-
fadrau(cd, when (he foretold the deftrudion ofTroj. Sir , I
have nothing left but my tongue to ferve you with ; If I were fo hap-
py to draw you out ofthe errour in which you are fed, I would blcff
athoufandtimcsmy difgrace ; for having emboldned me to fpeakc
freely in a time , wherein even words are pumihed. The falfcncff
of the Alcbaran, is only authorifcd. by that it is forbidden undef
paine of death to fpeak of it. The incroachment which is made upo*
your Authority, t? kes footing only by the danger ttiat is in telling
ityou freely; confider (if it pleafe you) tint thofe which ufarpe
power over you, are of a Country where every body would raigne;
thence it is that there is not a City on the other fide \hc Mpes, that
hath not her republick or her petty King ; and if ^ our Majrfty had
bat a little tatted the Hiftory of your ownc Kingdome , you would
hare
M r Richer rectnts kU'ofiniw tgdnft Papa/I Stipi
have found that the moft learned Tragedies that were ever feen in
France Jwvc come from that fide : the laft upon occafion of a lit-
book which I publifned, touching finfian'cj And C-mfort in pablic l \ca~
lamities , I fe*rmuch that (contrary to mydtfigne) this is a Work
for your Rcigne if the goodnefs of God take not pity on us. Think
not Sir, that the grief to fee my felf removed from the State Affairs,
breed* fo bold a diico irfe ; if I had felt any grief for that, 'tis but
as new married Wives weep to leave the iubjedion of their Fathers,
to enter into the equality of Marriage : Yet it is true, that owing
youmv fervic: I ihould with more contentment haveiinpjo.ed it
in your G'unfels of Srate, then in your Parlaments, where the mat-
ters are of k'ffc impo^tance-For I fuppofe,that if theCarpenrer which
made the frame of the Admirall wherein Don John de ^uftri* < o.n-
manded an the B .tttell of Lepanto^ had known that (he (hould have
ferved in fo important an occafion, wherein depended the fafety of
the reft of Europe, hee would have taken more pleafure in the ma-
king her, then if he had made t veflell deftined onely for Traffick.
Notwithftanding, fiice your Majefty commands mee to retire my
felf, in a good hour be it , the lefler ftars bear a part in the perfection
of the Univfrfe, though they contribute leffe to it then the Sun or
Moon In what condition foever I live, I will ever bring/all I (hall
be able to the good of your fervice. : and if there be any of thofe
which are neer you v that lament mine abfence, for my own fake, I
would willingly fay to them, Weep for* your felves, children bfferu-
falem, that for want of courage fuffcr your Majefty to be betrtved j
and not for me, that have no other fault, then that I am an honeft
man. I take leave therefore of you, Sir, praying God to take pity
of your Eftatc, and care of your Breeding.
Morf Richer/ore^/, nctnts his opinions AgAinft the PaptlSti-
(j 9<vtr Kit.gs.
EGo Librttm quern ctmpoftti Ecclefiaftica fottftati*, & mcipfam me-
tfque omnes Propofitioncsfubjicio Ecclef. CathoL Apoft. & R man.
&fanft<e ffdi isfpuftolicA^ qtttm matrem on> iftm Ecclefi*rnm effv ag-
nofc ; ^* in q*4 Jewper vigttit infallibile Judicium veritttu in cbw
fdei deccrnendis. Ve'hemtnterciHe dole* in pt<tditto me 9 L&ro qua a tin
tffc Proponents qu<t fca^alttm genfterint, & q* fent vtrittti Cttho-
kc* Mtjwtnt contrari*.
Cardi-
V -.. &lons r Balfac te the Cardinal de h Valcttc.
Cardinal Richlicu to the Remtn Catholids of great Bnttairt,
j. 1624.
Vlri prtctari, longius dijfero fid vos fcrifare, quia res veftrt, fatta
non verb* dcfiderdnt^ vota veftr* noftrafttnt ftudia y & utraque
ft pitta Dfo^aliquaex fxrtc /a/ttm optatos ffertmtts exitus inventura j
fpondet hoc nol-:s Rex Chrijtiattijfimu^ qui aut nulliu y ant eertc honori-
ficiat fLfligtoni^fr* Rtgiajua inaole condit tones feeders tt><qH*mfid'mi$u-
rus eft , It* * n^btt fonnat us t ita mtimo prtparatus eft % utfe ret Mvi-
na angcnda, non minus qitam finibus propagstitMs natum vtjC^L^rn<\nt cjfif
imminent : ftrenijjiwa Regin* ejus M*ter , jcdula cptra y intent a curb
cavebit^ non m^do ne quid detrcwenti Religio cafla: , Jed etiam ut <^uk
fcjjit promoveri, pnmoveatur, & tdjHvetur. hy* dent ifa me rtrum
vejlrarummijcreti ut Ji non dicoconjiiio^ non fide, un author ;t~te ( c\u*
fentio qxamjint exigua : ) fed Ji vita ipfa & Jungtttne vo> eripae lei
Ifvure etiaw mulis poffem, libentijjime facerem. Ex animo dtco t reft is
eft cenfcientia, qua we veftrum omnium, likrt*tifq*c vcftra fempfrit
omni loco fore Jtudioftjfi mum pollicier. Vobis tx ammo adaitt
vfmandus, CardmaLs i^ciilu.
u4pttd SAnttum German.
25 Auguft. 1624.
Mons r . Balfac to the CardinAH dcU Valettc.
MY LORD, I am retired here into ficeroes houfe , where
I take the frefti aire , and the (hade of every houre or the
day and laugh atthofe that broilc chcmfelves at Home. But although
I be tome hither as wei to untire my Spin., as to recreate rny bouy ,
notwtthftanding it i impoflible that the tirft can reft , but muft doe
bufinefTe where it rlndes none It croffcs :he Sea, and paffesover
the Alpes without my confent, and becaufe there is nothing codoe
at France, it goes to fceke fome at Cvnftantinnple , at Madrid , at
ZWc*, and at Mvntunb^ni. Now, to the end you may not thinke
me a Iyer, -and that under an honeft pretext, I would palliate a re-
pro v eaM:> idle^.efT' j I am going to write you the adventures of my
yeftrrdarcs walk, and (peak to you in the fame IWc, and che fame
foi t as 1 rave. While iiie K mg is buficd to make warrc, the Kaig
01
M r . Balfac to the C&dind de U Valcttc. , v
of Spainc pafleth his time with Ladies, and into places that may
not honeftly be named; I will give no judgment upon the different
inclination ofthefe two Princes, but I very well know, that fo long
as they live in dut fafhion, the King ofSpaixe fhaj take no Townes,
nor the King of France the Pox. You have furely heard it repor-
ted, that the Tolmders have defeated the T urk* Army, which was
compofed oi two hundred choufand Combatants, the halfc whereof,
Jay dead upon the place. It mull neceflar ly be granted , that but
he only after fuch a lolfe, could make fuch a fccond,and that he hath
a fource of men that cannot be drawn dry , either by warrcs , by
plagues, or by any other ill difpofition of the aire, feeing that in the
abundance of all things ? that his Empire produces, there is nothing
at fo low a price, as the lives of fouldiers. When I dream that the
Duke ofBouil/ort is {hut up in Sedan, from whence he cannot come
forth to goeand mike his partie , I imagine to my felfe , a poore
mother ttanding upon the brink of a River, feeing her fonnc flainc
on the other fide, neither being able to help him or bid him farewcl:
never was man fo aflaulted with fuch diverfity of thoughts , nor op*
p eft with unprofitable cares ; one while it vexes him that fufficient
refiftance was not made at St.fchn de Angel i ; and a gain I find than
they made not ufe of the advantage which they might have taken At
one and the fame time I would have been at McntaubAn to defend,
and in England to get fuccour for it. But why dwels fo great a fpirit
in a body that hath no more heate in it then a feaver gives it , and
which is never removed but by Anther-Greece and PhiCck. ? Its known
that the better part of it dwels in the hiftory of troubles, and that in
this world it holds but the place of another. In the mean time, the
affaires of the Rebels grow to mine; and if they make any fmail
attempts, it is not that their hopes increafe.nor their courage ftreng-
thens, but it is Gods will that they (hall not have either victory or
peace.
The Duke offwiJlott fees all this,not being able to remedy , and
if focnetimes to divert his fpirit from fo vexing an objeft , he thinks
to feekfome comfort out of the kingdome, and amongft dangers
affaires , of one Tide hedifcovers a puiflant Army under the corded
ofSpimla, which threa- ens all Germany ; .and of the other (ide he
iies his Ntphevp^'hom from having been Count Palatine,a.nd King of
ohemht y \B become petitioner to the Hollanders, and a Gentleman of
the Prince of Orange his trainees the beaftsin time paft,were wont to
be crowned, which ought to be facrifked ; fo forrune prefented a
Kingdonic to this poor man, to the end he (hould Jofe his life but
not
V ^ / ' M r Balfac to tht Card'tud dt la Valcttc. 1 99
not to lie, he hath (hewed himfelfe craftier then (he, and flf d fo we
he couM never be overtaken. Notwithftanding to fpeak home , the
gaine which he got by not dying at the batcaile of Prague^ is not fo
great as the reproach which (hall be caftupon him for living by his
wne fault, and for having witnefTed to all the people of the worid,
that the end of hisdefires, wtsonly to attair.e to be old; and with-
out doubt, as it is a great advantage to be the Grand-child of an u-
furper, fo there is not a more miferable condition, then to have been
a King, and now to be no more but the fubjeA , or tragedy to
playes. Let men then as much as they pleafe, praife the dcngnes of
this man, and his good intention. I for my part, find nothing fo
eafie as to fly and lofe ; and pofterity (hall put him rather in the num-
ber of theeves that have been puni(hed, then ofconquerours which
have triumphed upon the earth. Since it is true, that the perfecuti-
en ceafes in En^Und^ and that the King wearieth himfelf with gi-
ving us Martyrs , it may be, that within a (hort time, he will al-
together fet foules at liberty , that ftil makes one fteptohis mothtr
Church. As for my part, I defpaire not of this great converfion,
that allhoneftmen will with fait tears, defire this from heaven,
knowing to the contrary, that he hath a reafonable fyirit, and may
be perfwaded upon a thing thar he determined on. I afTure my felfe
that he ftodies every day the truth of the inftru-
dk>ns the great Cardinal) Tero* left him, and that
that will be the ttrongcft in his Kingdomesaffoon
as hi Confcience authority better reefta-
bliftied then his. His predeceffors knew not bow to reigne in regard
of him,no not (he that plaid with fo many heads, and who was more
happy then needful for theChriftianCommon-weakh.lt is certain,that
heretofore England believed in God, but this day it only believes
in its Prince, and Religion makes but a part of the obedience yeilded
unto him ; in fo much, that if he would but fet in the place of all the
points of Faith, all the fables of Poefie, he (hould find in his fub-
jefts complying enough to bring them to his will, and perfwade him-
felf, that he may make all things juft that he does, and all things
culpa pie that he corrdemns; his Authority came not fo far at thefirft
ftroake , and there muft be time to make men lofe *reafon,but at this
time. when all fprits are vanqui(hed,and that the great
belifethat he hath given of his judgment, takes away ^wilb^c
the liberty of theirs ; they can imagine nothing above ^^SJ
the wifdome of the King , and without mcdling with a-
ay thingthat paffes between God and him , they believe that if he
com--
too M r Balfac to the Cardinal delay alette, ^
command them to tread under foot all the HoJ> things, and to vi-
olate all the Lawes, all that was but for tl c fafety of their Confid-
ences. Bunt is to be believed, that this Divine providence, which
conduds things to their ends, by means which in apparance are con-
trary , will u(e the bloodmeffe of this people to procure their falva-
tion, and caule them to come again into tie Church, by the fame
doore they went out ot it . And fince the hearts of Kings are in the
hands of God, there wants nothing but a good motion fent unto
him, to build agame the Altars which he hath beaten downr, andat
one clap to turne to the? true Religion the foules of three King-
domes. Awbileagoehefcnta Gentleman exprefly to this Court,
that it might not be contrary with the Marriage which he treated*
with Sftine, and to endeavour to make the Romans think well of it;
and that one of thefe daies , it may be,he will call his Holineffe, and
the facred ColUdge of Cardinals } but hitherto thefe are terms of a
tongue unknowne to him. Furthermore, in this Country we ima-
gine, that there will be no lack of warrs till Rachel be reduced to ex-
tremity : It is very true, that cbe forces which the King hath left
before it, are not great ; but for how many men think you they
count the Captaine into whofe hands he hath put them ! it lc not
permitted to judg of that which he will doe by ch e ordinary conrfe of
the things of this world, his adions canrot bt drawn into example
and though he be infinitely wife, iiotwithftanding it is certai- 1 that
in what he undertakes, it alwaies appears fomewhac greater then
mans wifdome ; Yet truly my Lord, after having cor fidered the mo-
tion of the S:ars which are fo juft; the order or the feafons, wh ch
are fo governed ; the beauties of nature, which are fo divers] I find
inthcend, that t> ere is nothing in the world, whereG^d fceweth
himfelffo admirable, as in the guiding of the life of my Lord your
Father. But to the purpofe, behold this thatl added yert rday
to the great difcourfe ( which I made by your Commandment
and which you much praifed the firft time.)
Mons r . Eal fac to the King Louis.
SIR, Th late King your father hath not done more, and nc-
venh ,-leffc not tu fpcak of the Adions of his life ; your Majefty
k$owesthat htsLft tho: ghts made all the Kings of the earth to
tremble, and his memoneunrill this day is reverenced to the utter-
moft ends of the world.Notwithitandmg,Sir,be it thai you arc
come
in
^ , ,$Ions r . Toyrax tt the Dukt of Buckingham. 201
in a better time then be, be it that God hath deftinated your Ma;j-
fty for higher things, the glory which you have gotten at the t,u..ig
oat of your infancy is not leffe then that which thit great Prince ae-
ferved when he was was growne old in Armes : and in affaires as he,
fo you make your felfe redoubted without tyranny ; as he, fo you
governe your people. But I am conftrained to avow chat your Ma-
je< muft needs yeild to him in one thing, which if, that you have
not yet begot a Socne that refembles you. But certainly Sir, wee
can not any longer cime have this advantage over you. All Europe
requires Princes and princefles ofyou, and it is ccrtaine , chat the
world ought not to end , but when your race (hall fajlc.- if you wril
then that the beauty of the things we fee, pafleto another age ; If
you wil that the pubhck tranquillity have an allured foundation, and
that your victories may be eternal, you muft talke no more of wor-
king powerfully, nor of doing greate Ads of Sutc, buc with the
Queen.
Mons r Toyrax to the Duke ^/Buckingham.
MY Lord, your curtefies trefufficiently known rp all the world;
and you place them with fo much judgment, that thofc only
may hope after them that make themfelvcs worchy by their aAionf.
Now I know no adion fo worthy of that merit, as for a man to ini-
plov himfelf^- if in the defence of this place he vanqmfh not ail
difficulties .- fo that no dcfpair of fuccor nor fear of rigor, in cafe
oftxtreamity,can ever make me quit a deiign fo generous ; as alfo
I (hall eftecmc my fclf unworthy of any your favours, if in this aftioa
I omit the ieaft point of my.dutyj the iffue wbcreof cannot be but ho-
nourable: and by how much you adde to this glory by your
valour and carriage , by fo much I am more bound to remainc
during my life , your Lord (hips humble and moft obedient fervant,
Toirax.
D d
202 Ab \gmtQjCOKcerning ike ejlate 0/RocheL
Ab \gwtojonfermngtbe eft ate ef Rochel After
tfafttrrender.
SI R, I prefume you have long fince heard the particulars of Ra-
chel ; and that by farre better relations then mine ; notwithftan-
dingyouraay bcplealedtoknovrwhatl obferved and learned there
my felfc eight daies after the Kings entrance , whither curiofity and
fome other caufes drew me. For the fiege and Dike, they pra cherts
fxce//ens,werc'm all parts moft royall and farre more perfed and a-
niforme, then relation could make me conceive : The mifery of the
fiege almoft incredible, but tofuchonly as have fecneit , or fome
part thereof: Corn was worth after the rate of 800 Franks the bu-
(hel; an Oxe or Cow, fold after the rate of 2000 Franks. The
hoft where I lay,foW ajade horfc,worth it may be four or five pounds,
for 800 Franks , and for five and twenty weeks, taftcd no bread:
of twelve perfons in his family , only he and his wife are living;
who alfo within two daies had dyed , if the Town had not been
rendred. He an.d his wife made a Collation the day before the Town
was rendred, which coft him about fix or feven pound fterling ; their
chear was a pound of bread, made of Straw, Sugar, and other Spi-
cei ; halfe a pound of horfe flcfti, three or foure ounces of Comfits,
mnd a pint of Wine, which they imagm'd , was the laft good cheat*
they (hould make together and in like cafe, were all the reft of the
Towne, only two or three families of the better fort cxcep-
ted ; by which you may conjecture what rates fuch kind of provifion
were at. There were eaten between 3000 or 4000 Cow-hidci, all
the dogs, cats, mice and rats they could get , not a horfc left alive,
which was food foi the better fort, only Madam Rohan , after ha-
ving eaten her Coach horfc, and her fervants the Leather of her
Coach removed, though full fore againft her will, her lodging
from Roche/ to the Cattle of Mooke or Nioexl , where fhe is under
guard, and fince ( it is faid ) to the Baftile in Pan* : God fend
her and hers to heaven. There died for want of food in Roche! 15000
aod refted living when theKing entred betwecne three and four thou-
fand, of which there are fince very many dead ; they dayly difco-
ver new miferies.which when I was there, were not fpokcn of ; the
mother and tUe child ac the breft both dead, the child having eaten
moft
*V ''Ab igKQto, concerning the efate 0fRochd. 203
moft part of the mothers breft ; a fouluier was found dead with a piece
of his fellows flefti in his mouth &. Burger having a fervant killed,pow-
dred her,which fed him and his wife a long time,and dainty meat too:
many languishing and finding themfelves draw neer their ends,caufed
their coffins to be carried into the Churches, laid them down in them
and fo dyed ; thefe were of the better fort. The common fort laid
themfelves down in Coffins in the Church yards and there dyed } o-
thers in the ftrcets, others not able to go out of their houfes dyed
and remained there, their friends being not able' to remove them
thence. So that when the firft Forces of the King entered, there
were in the Town, ef Corps unburied, fome in the Church-yards, o-
thcrs in the ftreets, fome in their houfes, fome on the floore , others
in their beds, befidcs them that died without the Gates under hedges,
and in ditches round about theTowne, which I fa w my fclfc when I
was there ; halfe devoured with Ravens and other beafts , and fowls
of the aire ; In fine, the like mifery hath not been icene nor heard
Of.
The King on All-Saints day, which was the day of his entry, with
a wax Candle in his hand, together with the Cardinall and all the
Nobility, in like manner,went all over the Town in proceflion with
the B. Sacrament. The chicfe Temple of the Hugonots (hall be con*
Terted into a Chnrch Cathedral,and/for^/ to be a Biftioprick. All the
fortifications and walls to Landwards to be razed, and the Foflcs
filled fo that a plough may pafle , as in arable Land, The Maior ,
with fome of the chiefeft,arc banifti'd for ever, others for a ccrtaine
time {limited , though quietly to poflefic their goods, moveable and
immoveable , and a general remiflion of all crimes paft : and all o-
theis that were in the Towne before the dcfcent of the Englifh into
Rhee , and when the Town was rendred , (hall likewife enjoy the
fame priviledge, though no child or heir abfent.is, or (hall be capa-
ble to inherit the goods or lands of his parents or friends deceased,
but all is at the Kings difpofing. The King hath granted them
free liberty of their Religion in the Town of ^oc^/, which in (hort
time will all be rooted out; for no Forrainer ( though naturalized )
(hall be admitted to repair and inhabit in Rockl, nor Frexch but
0w*Catholicks.The Kinghath added to the revenues of his Crown
2.OOCO Franks per annum, which was a rent belonging to the Town-
houfe,forthe maintenance of the fortifications andState of^w^/.Thc
Town-houfe is to be razed, and a pillar or pyramids with an ample in-
fcription of the particulars of the fiege aad rebeilion,chere tobe ercft-
ed.The forts of die Ifle ofRhee and O/m/ ; to bd ra/Led,& (asit is faid)
T> d 2
-204 The Protcfttfits ofFtznce, f* Charles. , v
moft of all the chief forts of France, except on the frontiers.Four Regi-
ments are yetin Rachel t the reft of the Army (aUeaft the mcft panj
arc gon to winter in thofe parts of France^ towards the coafts of It 4*
/7,to be ready on all occasions to fuccor the Duke of MAXIM A, as it is
thought. The Fathers of the fociety have very faire buildings gi-
ven them for their eftabliihing there , and 1000 Franks to begin to
build ; to which is added a revenue which I know not , the place is
faid to be where the Herettcks kept their fchools of Divinity, and
Councelofwarrc, or rebellion. And where the Englifo had their
Church, the Oratorians are likewife eftablilhcd with large augmenta-
tions; The Capuchins are where was the chiefeft Fort, called Le Ba-
flion de Levttgile ; The Minors are where the Dike was , and divers
other clfewhere. There are at leaft 8000 houfes in Rochet , which
are faine to fall to the King to difpofe of for want of heirs. The Pi-
rifians arc preparing a moft fumptuous and magnificent receipt for
the King, which is the caufc he hath not been at Par^ fince his re-
turn from Roche/, but is at St. Germis,and. thereabouts,till all things
are ready forhis entry, which is thought will exceedein bravery and
magnificence all the prefldents of many years. Jhefefitits are by the
body of-P^rtf imployedtomakc thefpeechesand inscriptions for that
purpofe,which the body of the Sorbon take ill ; The Prince of fink
doth daily get ground of Roha t and hath lately taken prifoners (as
it is faid ) thirty Captaines and eight hundred fouldicrs. Thofe of
flfontattbftn boaft (as it is faid) that they have provifion for three or
four years, and will ftand out til the laft: though fome of the befte-
ftcemCjthink it is only to draw the King t the beft competition they
can.
The Protefl/tnts of France, to Charles Ki& of
Great Britain.
SI R, the knowlcdg and refentment which it hath pleafed your
Majcfty to take of the mifcry of the afflicted Churches ofFntnce,
hath given us the boldnefie to awaken your Compaffion in fuch mea-
fure, as our calamities are aggravated by the unmercifull rigour of
our perfcortors, and as the prefent ftormc doth threaten neer at
hand the total ruinc, and lamentable deftrudion of that which the
mercy of God had yet kept intirc unto us fince the defolation of
Roche!: and as we have adored with humility the Judgment of God
in
^ . . '* King of Great Britain.
in this Ixid fuccefle (which we impute only to his wrath juftly kindled
againft us for our fins) fo our filcnce could be thought no lefle then
ingratitude, if we had not a"t the beginning of our Aflfembly refolved
the moft humble and moft affcftionate acknowledgment which wee
now render to your Ma jefty, for the great fuccour which you have
fentus, interefsing your felffo far in the griefofour opprefiion, and
in the means of our deliverance. The molt humble fupplication which
we do offer to your Ma jefty next after this our tnanfgiving, is, that
your Ma jefty (according to the fweet inclination of your goodnefle)
would permit ihftil to prefent our complaints,and difcovcr our woundi
before the eyes of your royall charity, protecting unto your Majefty,
that we fee none other hand under heaven by which we may be hca-
lejl, but your Majefties, in cafe your Majefty will ftill vouchfafeto
lift it up on the behalfe of opprcffed innocents , and of the Church
ofourLordoutragioufly perfecutedby the moft invenom'd pafiion
that our age, or any age preceedent hath feen ; we moft humbly
befccch your Majefty, to read this letter which is written with our
tears and with our blood and f according to your exquiftte judge,
ment, your incomparable wifdorne, and the devotion of your zeale,
to the glory of God ) to confider our cftate, which ii fuch, that our
perfecutors upon the lofle of Rochet, fuppofing we had been put to
utter difcomftture,and into a weakncfle without recovery or refift-
ance, and boafting themfelves, that now there remained no more
any eyes unto us, but to bcwaile our felves, nor any fcnfe , but to
feel the fmart thereof, without further imploying onr hands or our
arms for our defence, have madcufe of this advantage,with fo much
fierceneffe,tnfultation and cruelty,that they have not only facked the
houfes,and with an unheard of rudeneffe and barbanfme , nflei
the goods of our poore brethren of this Province of Langncdo;kj re-
lying themfelves upon publick faith, and the benefits of the edids of
pacitication (efpeeially of the laft which your Majefty had favoura-
bly procured and confirmed unto us) diffipating whole families, a-id
exiling them with perfidious inhumanity, but alfo they have hid
waft and dcftroyed almoft all the Churches of the f >.me , which are
at their command aod difcretion under the liberty of edids ; implov-
ing Monks (the Pipes Ewjfaries ) affirted with force <f lbuldiers,and
of the tyrannicall Authority of Governours, to ravilh mens fouls,
and to draw the moft conftant with violence to MA^ and to the
feete of the Idol interdicting aflcmbles, and all exercife of ttae Re-
ligion inthefame places, beating,imprifoning,ranfoming,aflafinating
tht faithful and their paftors with an'inraged fury, which hath exceed-
ed.
The Proteftants ^/France, to Charles" , w
ed all the inhumanities of the Inquifition, profaning and demolishing
of Temples; their violence having proceeded fo farre , as publickly
to burn in pomp and triumph,the facred books of Gods Covenant in
prcfence of tfre Governor of the Province, with damnable facriledgc,
which cryeth vengeance before God, and doth elevate its voice to
the eares, (Sir) of a moft puiflant Monarch, profeffing the purity of
theGofpel, zealous of his glory, and capable to revenge fo outra-
gious an injury. But your Majefty (hal underftand,that all this hath
produced an effect much contrary to the intention of our perfecutors;
for fo farrc it is from us, that their objeds of pity and griefe, where-
of the very thought doth make us repine, fhould render us faint-
hearted, and caufe us to yeild our felves in prey to their rage , that
on the contrary, feeing the Mask taken off, and the pretext which
they had alledgedof the Army of rebellion whereof they accufed us,
quite removed; and that without any more diflimulation,their defign
goes on to the ruinating of our Religion, and the extirpation of our
Church, and that there remained no more hope of fafety and liberty,
but genera 11 refolution to die in the Arms of our juft and vigorous
defence, and that our perfecutors pofleAing the fpirit of our King ,
and hindring the effeds of his bounty, have obtained a declaration
of the fifteenth of ^December laft, which alluring us to implore his
grace and mercy , yet leaveth us not any hope of en joying the bene-
fits of any edid,nor by confequencc of any tolerable peace , and fo-
liciting us to dtfarm our- felves, and to put our felves into the condi-
tion offacraficcs deftined by one and by one to the flaughter > to be
all at one ftroak offered up to the fury of Antichrift, by one general
MafTacre throughout the whole Kingdome, whereof we doe not on-
ly heare the vaunts , but doe almoft fee great armies upon our backs
for execution. This makes us (Sir) have reconrfe to your Royal and
redoubtable puiflance, as to a place of refuge, which God hath yet
left open to us,in your Ardent charity ,to finde within your affiftancc
aflured and effedual means to avoid ruine, which is ready inevitably
to fal upon our heads. And to attaine thereunto, ( Sir ) we have re-
ligioufly renewed in this aflembly, the oath of union, which binds us
with a facred bond unto the Armes of your Majefty; of the violating
whereof your Majefty may be afTured , that we will never make our
felves guilty, being encouraged to this refolution by the reiterate con-
firmations, which my Lord the Duke of Rohan hath lately given us,
that your Majefty continues to take to heart the afliftancc and delive-
rance of our Churches according to your Royal promifcs, being deb-
tors to his fage and valorous condud, and to his pious magnanimity,
for
' ' J ' King 0/Grcat Britain.
for all that ftrength and liberty which we yet cn/oy : and we will
leave unto pofterity memorable examples of our Conftancie which
prefers death before reproachfullcowardize and (hameful feivitude,
hoping that out of our afhes, God will draw matter for his glory \
and the propagation of his Church; being perfwadcd (Sir) that } ou
are the inftrument of his election to give us comfort and deliverance
from our evils in time convenient. Be you allured alfo, that he wil
uphold u> in that extraordinary valour wherewith he hath infpired
us to endure all extremities with a patience invincible, expeding the
fuccour of his hands through yours. Of all (Sir) which a great Mo-
narch cculd ever doe in the world , nothing can be more juft then
this interprize, nor more glorious then this deliverance : the Lord
having exalted you to themoft eminent degree of dignity and power
to be the nurfing father of his Church , (he hath right, being thus
mangled and bloody ,to ftretch forth her arms unto you , even (hee
that Spoufe of Jefus Chtift , the common mother of Chriftians, and
and your mother alfo , by the refped of her bruifed members, and
of the fearing of her innocent breft, covered with wounds, (he will
move your pity ; She affures her felfe (Sir ) that the glorious title
which you beare of the Defender of the faith, (hall intcrceede for
your accepting of her humble requeft : if you doe extend unto us
your cares , your affedions, and your formidable Armes , you (hall
nounfh in our hearts afTedions of honour and obedience which (hall
never die , you (hall daunt all powers that would raife themfclves a-
gainft your Crown; you (hall raife your glory to fuch a height,that all
the earth (hall admire it all Chriftendome (hall celebrate it, and
your name (hall be of fweet odour unto Angels and men; and in
perpetual bencdidion unto all pofterity of Saints, and your reward
(hall be great and eter nal in heaven. May it plcafe \ our Ma jefty to
pardon us, if our neceflities prefling us, we all do prefle your Majefty
by our inftant fupplications accompanied with a moft humble refpect
to ftrengthen our felves fo foon as may be with the honour of your
commandments, and the declaration of your favour, the whole-
fomettTedsofyour afsiftmce,according to the fweetnefle of your
compafsion, and Charity,and we will redouble our prayers to the di-
vine clemency .for the length and fafety of your life,and the profperity
ofyour eftate, being < eady with a moft holy and ardent alfedi on to
expofc our goods and lives to render us worthy of the quality which
we dare take ofyour moft humble, moft obedient, and moft faithful
fervants, the Deputies of the reformed Churches of France, in their
general AfTembly held at Mj/W^afld for all Jaquesde <*M*refej ad-
fht Dttke of Rohan to his Majefty of great Britak. ' -
' tohti Majefly of great Brittain, the
i a ^f March 1628.
SIR, the deplorable accident of the loffe of Roche/, which God
hath luffered to humble us under his hand, hath redoubled in
the hearts of our enemies their paflionate fierceneflc to our utter
ruine with an allured hope to attain thereunto. But it hath not taken
away from the Churches of thofe Provinces, either the heart or the
affedion to oppofe their ur.juft plots by a juft and lively defence. This
is it hath made them take refolution to aflcmble themfelves to cojoyn
in the midft of thefe commotions to afTift me with their good counfels,
and with me to provide the means of their deliverance. And for as
much as the greateft fupport which God hath raifed unto them upon
earth is the fuccour our Churches have, and do look to receive from
your Majefty, the general Aflembly hath defired that my Letters,
which alone hitherto have represented unto your Majefty the intereft
of the publick caufe, might be joyned to their moft humble fupphcati-
ons put up to yourMajefty.I do it Sir,with fo much the more arfedion,
becaufel am awitnefle that thefe poor people, who with fighes and
groanes implore your afiiftance,having once laid down their weapons
which the opprefsion of their enemies made fo neceflary,6ecaufe they
knewfuch was your defire to take them up again, fo foon as they
heard that your Majefty did oblige them thereunto by your Counfei
and Promifes they have upon this only aflurance,continued all dan-
gers, furmounted all oppofitions, accounted their eftates as nothing,
and are ftill ready to fpend their bloud till the very laft drop ; they e-
fteem your love and favour more precious then their own lives and
whatfoever promifes or threatnings have been nfed to ftiake'their
conftant refolution, they could never be brought to make any breach
in that they had tyed themklvesto , never to hear of any Treaty
without your content. This great zeal for the prefervation of all the
Churches of this Kingdome, which is naturally knit to the preferva-
tion of chefe few we have left , and that fidelity with our example,are
worthy and glorious fubjefts to exercife your Charity and Power.
You arc (Sit) Defender of that Faith whereof they make profefsionj
fufferitnot to be fo unjuftly opprefled ; you have ftirrcd up their
affedion in this defence by your royal promifes, and,,thofe Sacred
words
ke T)t&ef Rohan ** bit MtjeJtie of Great Britain. 209
\vord*s,tifatyour Majefty would imploy all the power in your Domi-
nions to warrant and proteft all our Churches from the ruinc that
threatned them, have been (after God? favour) the onely foundation
of all their hope : fo the Churches fnould thinke no greater a Crime
could be committed by them,then doubt of your Royal performance
' thereof,if their miieries and Calamities have at the beginning moved
your Companion. This wof ull iubjc& hath increafed with inch vio-
lence, that nothing but your luccor can prevent their utter undoing :
for at this day the ^reatelt offence our Enemies lay to our Charge,
(and proclaim nothing can expiate but our blood) is, to have irnpfo-
rod your aid, and hope for it : for this caule, our Lands and Poflfemons
are taken away and deftroyed; our houfes made defolate,and reduced
to- afhes ; our heads expofed to fale to murtherers ; our families
.banifhed ; and whercfoever the cruelty of them that hate us can ex-
tend, men and women are dragged and beaten to Mais with Bafti-
mdoes. To be fhorc,thc horrour of the perfecution wefufferis fo
great, that our words are too weak to exprefs it. Moreover, we fee
great and mighty Armies at our Gates, that wake their onely fit
time to fall with impetuofity upon the places of retreat that remain ;
and after that, to expel and baniih the cxerdie f Religion, and
maflacre all the faiihfull ones throughout the whole kingdomes.
Theie things confidered (Sir) I do befeech your Majefty not to
foriake us. I (hould feare by fuch words to offend ib grear,fo potent,
an<d.fo faithfull a king ; But becawfe of urgent neceflity that prefleth
us , I have.prefumed importunately to intreat the hafteaing of your
afliftance, to keep us from. falling under the heavy burthenof our
Enemies endeavors. Your MajeHy need i;ot to draw, but out of the
fource of yom own profound wiiedom, for the fit meanes how to
make your fuccor dreadful! and powerfuil to thofe that conrcmne ir,
and faiutiferous to ib many people that wait and long for ir. Your
Majefty (hall by this mcanes acquire the qrcatett glory that can be
defired, pluck out from the fire and iword three hundred thoufand
families that continually pray to God for you: profperity'; prefer ve
a people whom God hath pnrchaied with his mott pretious blood,
and which hath (even in themiddeft of mo(t emi'iem dangers, and
cruelleft torments) kept intireaibund and an upright faith, both
towards God and man; you (hall fettle the fidelity of your word,
the reputation of your kingdomes and Armcs, to a pitch worthy c f
your grandeur ; and in reprcflin^ of the audatipufttcft of thole that go
about every day to blemish the fame,through their vile and unworthy
reproche?,you flialadd to your titles that of theRe/lorer of a people,
Ee the
% 10 Pipe Gregory 1 5. to tke IfujHifttor-Geturalrf Swin.^"
the moft innocent and moft barbaroufly perfecuted th^t ever was.
In that which concerns me, Sir, I will not make mention to your
Majefty of my owne Intereft, though I might doe it, having, as it
feem<, the honor to be unto you what I am : but I have fo long fince
confecratedall thing? with my felfe to the publicke good, that I fhall
efteemcmy felf happie enough, fo that the Church were notmi-
ferably diftrefled ; and that I may have this advantage, that through
mya&ions (which your Majeftie will not difavow) I may make it
known, that I am
Your Majefties moft humble andrnoft obedient fervant,
Henry de 1(jh*n.
Popt Gregory ffo 15 to the Inqulfiter-Gencrtl of Spain,
April 19. 1623.
rother-)
THe protection of the rthodox Religion in the moft fpacious
Kingdoms of Spam , we think to be happily committed to your
Fraterniiy : for we know with what watchful vig'lande, in this re-
nowned ftation , you are careful that Monftcrs of wkked do&rine
fteal not into the bounds of the Church and Vine. But at this time
occafion from heaven is offered you , by which you may extend the
benefits of your piety beyond the bounds of thole Kingdoms , and
extend them alib to forraign Countries. We underftaad that the
Prince of ww^the King of Great Britain* fon,is lately arrived there,
carried with a hops of Catholike Marriage : Our defire is, that he
fhould not ftay in vain in the Courts of thofe Kings , tc whom the
defence of -the Popes authority , and care of advancing Religion,
hath procured the renowned name of Catholiquc. Wherefore by
Apoftolike Letters we exhort his Catholike Majeftie, that he would
gently endeavour tweedy to reduce that Prince to the obedience of
the Romane Church , to which the ancient Kings of Great Britain
have (with heavens approbation) iubmitted their Crowns and Sce-
pters. Now to the attaining of this victory, which to the conque-
red promifeth triumphs, and principalities of heavenly felicity, we
need not exhauft the Kings treafure,nor levie Armies of furious foul-
diers ; but we muft fetch from heaven the armour of Light , whofe
divine fplcndor may allure that Princes eye, tnd gently expel all er-
rours from hi; minde. Now in the managing of thefe bufinefies ,
what
"* \. j." Ttft Urban/* Lewis 1 3. 211
what power and art you have, we hive well known long ago : where-
fore we wifli you to g like a religious Counfelior to the Catholike
King, and to try all ways which by this prefent occafion may benefit
the Kingdoms of Britain and the Church of Rome. The matter is
of great weight and momenr, and therefore not to be amplified with
words. Whofoever ftitll enfltme the mindc of this Royal youth
v\ith the love of the Catholike Religion , and breed a hate in him of
Heretical impiety, fhall begin to open the Kingdom of heaven to the
Prince of Britain^md to gain the Kingdoms of Britain to the Apofto-
Hke See ; into the poffeffion of fo great glory , I make no doubt but
that your Fraternity, armed with the iword of Verity, will be defi-
rous to come. About which matter, our venerable brother Innocent
Bifhop of the Apoftolikc Nuncio,fhall difcourfe with you
more at large ; whom yon may truft. And we with moft accurate
prayers will endeavour to procure the afliftance of God for you, up-
on whom moft lovingly we beftew oar Apoftolical benedi&ion.
Gtven *rRome in St. Peters, under the Ftycrs Scaly April 1 ?.i 62 ?.
of turPopcdom 30.
P?;* Urban 10 Lewis f 6; 1 3. Aug. 4.
7* 9ftr dearef Son in Chrifl Jefa , Lewis the moft Ckriftia* King of
Frnnce ; Tope Urban fendeth greeting.
MOft dear Son in Chrift, Health, and Apoftolical benedi^ion.
The high exploits of your Royal valour, which have drawn
upon them all the eyes of Chriftendom , bring a great deal of com-
fort to our fatherly care, as well in regard of the glory of your Arms,
as the hope of your triumphs. For confidering, as we do, with much
grief, the impiety of Hereticks, living in ibme places without fear or
danger , we now thank the Lord of hofts, that hath in to fie an op-
portunity made your Mijeftie to maintain with Arms the dignity of
the Catholike Religion. Oh fair Apprentilhip of Royal Warfare,
and worthy of a moft Chriftian King ! What an admirable thing it is,
that the a^e which other Princes , out of a kinde of foftneft and
idleneis, uie to pals away in iports and delights, your Majefty fhould
employ fo generoufly, fo fortunately , in appealing difference?, con-
dufting Annies, andbefieging the ft rongelt places of Hereti:ks,and
all not without the ipccial counil of God , by which Kings raign!
Ee a Is
fft Urban it Lewis i } i
Is it almoft credible, that the very firft fteps of your thoughts fhould
carry you in fo hkh and troublelome an enterprite ; and that the
dangers and difficulties which have ftopt others in their courfe,(hould
onely ferve for a fpur to the greatnefs of yctrr courage ? Enjoy (dear
Son) the Renown your name hath got > and follow the God that
rights for yoa ; to the end that as you are now held the Thunderbolt
and Buckler of War , lb you may hereafter be elieemed the praiie of
Ifrael, and the glory of the world. From the height of our Apofto-
lick Dignity , whereto it hath pleafedGod of his goodnefs to raifc
us, unworthy of ib great grace , we afiift your Arms with heart and
affeion , and-by our frequent prayers prepare the divine remedies.
And though we doubt not but your own vertue will make you con-
ftant in the work you have begun , neverthelefs we have thought
good to adde Exhortations, that the world may fee the care we have
of the advancement of true Religion , and how willing we are to
give way to your glory. You. have been hitherto infinitely bound
to Godfor hi? bounty towards you ; and, as we hope and wifh, you
(hall hereafter a great deal more. For you having your minde endued
with celertial do&rine , and not with the bare precepts of humane
wifdom, do well know, that Kingdoms have their foundation upon
the truth of Orthodox faith : and unlels God keep the City, what
principality can fubfiil with any affurance ? It may eafily be judged
with what fidelity they arc likely to defend your Royal Throne, that
have -cart the very Saints thcmfelves out of their Temples, and done
as much as in them lay to put them out of the number of the bleffed,
yea out of Paradife it felf, that with impious temerity condemn the
Jnftkutions of our Fathers , the Cuftom of Kings , the Decrees of
Popes, and the Ceremonies of the Church. Thefe are the difturbers
of the Chrillian Commonwealth , and the reproaches of Francey
whom the great God hath refer ved, to be exterminated, as it were,in
the beginning of your Raign. Know then, that all Ettrepe (which
the event of your Arms holds all this time in iufpence) hopes fticrrly
it willhoyfe fail upcn 'the Ocean under the conduft of your Great-
nefs and Power, and go to the place which ferves now for SanSuary
and prote&ion to the Hereticks and Rebel?, and it will fecrtly ferve
for a Trophie of your Victories. We are confidently perfwaded^
that neither fear nor inconftancie Chall ever be able to divert you
from the purfuit of your lb glorious enterprise , nor hinder you to
fubvert that unfanUfied people : Onely, by the way , we would
have you remember , that the Saints in heaven affift that Prince who
takes upon hioi the defence of Religion , and fight on his fide like
fellow-
The flV/'BucAj'flgham " *** Univerfltj o/Cambridg.
ellow-fouldiers. The lame God that hardned the waters like dry
land, and turned the waters of the Sea into walls, to give fafe pafTagc
\ to his childrens Army, will certainly in this mo!t pious action be as
favourable to you : and then we fhall have good caufe to hope , that
haang eftablifht your own Kingdom,and crufht the impiety that was
and yet is there, you may one day, by the progrefs of your vi&orious
Arms, joyn the Orient to the Occident ; imitating the glories of
your Ameftors, who have e^er born as much refpeft to the Exhorta-
tions of Popes, as to the commandment of God. St. Lewis) whofe
name you bear, and whofefteps you follow, invites you to it : fo did
the firit of your Race , who in defending the Apoltolike authority*
and propagating Chriftian Religion , laid the belt and furelt founda-
tion to your Royal Houie. Follow (dear Son) wtvich are the orna-
ments of the world, the commandments of heaven : pour out your
wrath and indignation upon thofe people that have not, nor will not
know God, and our Apoftolike benignityjto the end the divine rrea-
lure of heaven may belong unto you by a juft acquifition. In the
mean time , we fend you moft affe&ionately our Apoltolike benedi-
Given At Rome at great St. Maries, under the Seal of the Fijher^ the
4 day of Auguft 1 6 2?. be mg the feventh jeer of exr Ptntifcttc.
The Dukt of Bucking.h J ra, ChAnctfo* tlttt ', to tht Uaiierfiy cf
Cambridge, ^unt^. 1616.
MR. Vice-chancellor, ?.nd Gentlemen of the Univerfity of Cam-
bridge , there is no one thing that concerncth me more near,
then the good opinion of good and learned honeft men ; amongft.
which number as you have ever held the firft rank in the estimation
of the Commonwealth, and fame of the ChritHan world ; fo in con-
ferring of this Honour of Chancellorship upon me,T mult confefs you
have iatisfied a great ambition of mine own, which I hope will never
forfate me , and that is, To-be thought well of, by men that delerve
well, and men of your pfofeflton. Yet I cannot attribute this Ho-
nour txrany defert in- me , but to the refpe you bear to the faCred
memory of my Matter deceaied,the King of Scholars,who loved you,
and honoured you often with his prefence;and to my gracious Matter
now living, who inherits with his bleffed Fathers vertues, the affe-
fticn he bore your Univerfity. I belee-rh you^s you have now made
your
King Charles to tie Unfatrfity 9f CambruJgyX . w
your choice with fo many kinde and noble circumftances , as the
manner is tome acceptable and grateful as the matter ; fo to affure
yourielves, that ycuhave cart your votes upon your fervant , who is
as apprehenfive of the time you have (hewed your affe&ioa in , as oi
the Honour you have given him. And I earneftly requelt you all,
that you would be pleaied not to judge me comparatively by the fuc-
cefs and happineis you have had in your former choke of Chan-
cellors, who as they knew better, perhaps by advantage of educa-
tion in your Univerfity, how to value the deferts of men of your
qualities and degrees ; fo could they not be more willing to cherifh
you then my felf, who will make amends for want of Scholarihip,
in my love to the profeflbrs cf it , and unto the Source from whence
it cometh : having now moft juft caufe more chiefly to employ any ut-
termoft endeavours , with what favour I enjoy from a Royal Matter,
to the maintaining of the Charters, Priviledges, and Immunities of
your Univerfity in general,and to the advancing of the particular me-
rits of the Students therein. And fince I am ib far engaged unto
you , I will preiume upon a further courtefie, which is, That you
will be pleafcd to fupply me with your advice,and faggeft away unto
me (as my felf likewiie (hall not fail to think on ibme mean 5 ;) how we
may make Pofterity remember you have a thankful Chancellor , and
one that both really loved you and your Univerfity. Which is a re-
folution writ in an honeft heart,by him that wanjetn much to exprefs
his affe&ion to you ; who will ever be
ror^-houfe, 5 Jami* Your faithful friend, and humble fervant,
\6l6. Gear.
King Charles to the Univtrfai tf Cambridge, in Af probation of
the Election. June 6. 1626*
HTRufty and Welbeloved, We greet you well. Whereas upon Our
Pleafure intimated unto you by the Bifhop of Durham for the
choice of your Chancellor, you have with fuch duty as We expe&ed
highly fatisfied Us in your eleftion, We cannot in Our Princely na-
ture ( who are mu:h poflefled with this testimony of your ready and
loyal affeftions ) but for ever to let you know, how much you are
therein made partakers of Our Royal approbation : and as We (hall
ever conceive, that an Honour done to a peribn We favour, is out of
a loyal refpeft had unto Our Self : and as we (hall ever jurtifie Buc-
kingham
' Tfa Itoiwfty *f Cambridg Anfntr u the Duke. v\ y
Ifrgh/in* T?/brthy of this ycur Ele&ion, fo fliall you findc the fruits
of it : for We have found him a faithful fervant to our dear Father
of bleffed memory ; and Our Self cannot but undertake that he will
prove fuch a one unto you ; and will aflift him with a gracious wil-
Ungnefs, in any thing that may concern the good of the Univerfity
in general, or the particular merits of any Students there.
Given under Our Signet *t Our Palace of WeHminfter , the fxth of
June, in the fecondycer of Onr Rtign.
The Uflivcrfiiy of Cambridge ^fnfotr to th< D
June 6. 1626.
Illuftrj0ime Princcps, atq- ; aufpicatiffiwe Canccllavic,
NEptunum perhibent gratum cxm Minerva iniijfe certamen , utere re
iAgis VMrtaliitm caxftrret donHm:ille potens mari* Dem iliu o effttdit
equiim, IHt pacu & mu for urn nttmen^fttf^edita'vit o!e*tm ; Htrumq^ eerie
Deo dignttm mtinns, */fdt noftrum non eft tantam It tern diriatere ,
fjpie potttts litit iwportitna vox , ubi non alta qtmm Amor is pro
ern j
foteti/JiM]tsOceaniBritanniciNeptttniu.) nonfclnmfitprema Moris Prt-
fignora. Perinde tccum fe res hai>et) exccftentijjintc D/w, quern jam olim
a qt
tijji
fefttira cohontftavit) fed & Pretoria dowtvit Eqtto ' adeo at illim munere
drpropria virtttte^ unm a%dias y Ten '<e M^ri^j'timmut Dittator^ttc Jicdi-
CMnut Claj?u-)& t*flfAgifterE(jHitKm. Poft tarn* honor tint veftigiA^ecce-po-
ftra Minerva tua jam CanLabrigia fttDplex fuat obtendit oleas , tAnqntm
inter viftrites lattros lambent cs hederas ; olcM qn<dem qttibtu & tftis
rebut, & rebw turn ptd licit turn Litertriv precatur fimul & Mufyicatttr
. Ncc ad ufaae fumttt gens togatx impotenter facrbi, ut hoc fan-
arbttremnr , Nos tamillos tibi in id Meritorum & CJrati* cnl-
uica'Mm vcltefttmonii *d tftimationem-peltitftli ad flowm
contttlijfe. Quod autcm ippt aliter opinaris veftr* itt* ptetas eft^ hattJ. ATH-
bitio , major tua turn vtrtw turn deem eft , q uam ttt eis ant noftr* qnid-
p/an.fffragi**ddere' ) x*t durum poflit Invidix detrahere : ftelU in prims
orbe, qntufixM vacant-, altiores fun*, qntm ttt ad CM v alert terr*rnm *m-
br* pertingerc > qttanquam fceltcijfim& memorise Jacobo pientiJJlmo^C^.-
roio non eft , quod hoc qtticqttid eft nsmiitu te debcrc dtcat, citra.eft^ mi-
fellttm wttnttt Academicnm , citr* eft efttam ut t4ntos a*ttores mertatur y
'qttin veftr am potita celjjttfdinem^ 'veftrttm tnteltre numen^ Nos ittts
Princip4w imput^imftf^i inde ex itttttf potifftmum wt* te elegimus^nde
non wif im*un*U* tcciprt bentfki* folebArmy, Quod ft nvfrttm hoe
in
i 1 6 Tkt Unfair fity of Carabridg Anfwtr it the A'
eftram Excellcntitmf tedium tibi ipfa titifcrrbu commend ttmfefti-
., vos illud fait em debitxri furxtis temforibtu c&tcrum nonnimufali-
t) quod tibi veL inde ^ratiores fumtu'^uanquam fttfticamtiri nt hsc io-
tum quod de oport unvote injinuat rcrtimfit , nee magnis ingcniis info/ens
bene dffvis cnltorikw rterendt artificiumtfit& CD conjiliofingula farum
officia mAxime tcmfefti've autumant , quo ubcritufibi rfrwt#er*ndi argu-
menttitn Att;upentur : ntntfAciles credimtts honorificis qttibw *os di%*rif
\romiflis. Jamdip, eft-> ex quo te animo atqtte ope ra CancelUriffmfenjt-
ntusy nihilcij tiki hoc temporc noftra potuere faffragta quam nomen adjicere.
Nolit tamen tit cttm illujir ffimls kero : bf&prtecejforibtt4 tttu , le committtz-
mttt) incjitofene tut* ^r&dicanda modeftia illorum howri & mentor i& cor."
fulitit^ne tanti fulgorii clarttudine offufcentKr , ut entm nttlla re tntgu fe
/'^^Cancabrigia qttam yr&tcritorMng'oria. tcftlendorc Patrenorttm^ho-
die tAmtn, nefcio qtitdfolito *Kgxfiu4ftir4ti<irt1tisf*9erb**MJ}nGiis quaji
Buckin'tumienfis attfta t melts , mttgnatfafyc^rAvid* intuntefcit. Ad
extremum nos ad conctl'Hm uocas , qua, pottjjimum ration? quo digno mo-
nttntento ttto^ in nos amor is memoriam poftcritati conftcres , "verum enim
uero (IHuftriflime Dux , indtil^entijfime^ Cancelltrie) major eft ca pro-
vinciAtfUAin ut ttos earn fttbexndo (imttti quod ttto amori p.tr jit monuinev-
tum, tuttm potcftfolitntmodo excsgitare ingeninnt. Nos interta alia man*-
bit cur A quibui nimirum aptid Dettnf precibtts quibttsfttidiorttm vi^ilits of-
ficiorHmobfcqttiis tant Clientcl&falJcitAtim nobisfropriam & pcrfcttitm
defyondcamtu, ,
Datae frequent iflimo Senatu Veftrt Excellent i& humillmi
noftro, fexto Idus Jnnii, devot'Jfintt^ Cltentes Servi^
1616.
Pfocancellariu?, & reliquus
Senatus Cantabrigienfis.
Ibt Uwvtrfity of Oxbridge Aifotr to the King.
Sereniffimo invitiflimoq; Principi ac Domino noftro j CAROLO
Dei gratiae, Magnx Bricanniac, Francise & Hibernisc Regi, Fidei
"
SErenffitne Doming noft.fr imittiffime Carcle , .mulmm nos fortune
noftro, , ftdttiA dementi A infnitujm quant/tnt Aebemw^ fatis xcmpe
cratjudicio noftro fattsfcciffe cum ilium nobis prtficeremw y qtiem unttm
certijjime prxfci pofle canfafat. At tua admtrMis fanitsu n*n patitur
*, APrivicSealfortrtnfoortingof Horft. 317
MS gratis ijb'ifmitipfis benef Acer e> fed tibi intputari vis quod nobis fecitnt^
beneficium. Enimvsro arduam aliquamfibi mater tarn obfequium noftrum
pofcebat^T cujus tenttitM fybltmitAtem veftram affequt xon piflet^difficuttA-
tem ff y & moleftia commcndaret. TH Autcm a te gratiam - quod
tantt Patroni bentficio u(i fumu^ qui it* nos amat, ut plurimttm velit^ it A
a te^antatur, ut plurirnum noftra, cattfapojfet per quern veflr* in nos w*n-
feat btnignitM, & difficulties noftrtt diputtat .- ft ^A tamen in hue di-
vin* bomtatc tua cxiftere poffit difficult* fuperAJlt,nempe major um tmrum
Clementi am, qui & eafdem nobu unmunitates indulges , & id ettam pro-
ft>icv<)t tis retttflime utamur. Et quod unurn ttnttfatlicitari reliquum
erat ut effet perpetua^ id ipfum prccibut nsftris fuperejje non finis ; prdcurrii
cnim vota noftra-) &ft>em ipfam, qua nihil eft import unitu^ cxltpertt : ntan
& toft fixes f**s habct) quos tux boniuti nullos effe expcrtifumits. Exkau-
jifti voter um noftrorum ntatcriAm^erenijfime Return, nee quicqudm nobij
dcinceps optandu eft quant *t tu regnes ut vinc<u, ut nos in pcrpetuumpmu*
Datae frequent iflimo Scnatu Excellent ijfime Majeftttis
noftro, fexto Idus Junii, humillimi fervi &fubditi)
Procancellariu^,8c reliquus Senatus
Academic Cantabrigienfis.
A Privit Stdfor tratfper ting cf Htrfe. June 5. 1 624.
CH A R L E s by the Grace of God, King of England^ Scetlan
and IrcUnd^ Defender of the Faith, &c. To the Treaiurer and
under-Treafurer of our Exchequer for the time being, greeting. We
do hereby will and command you, that out of our Treafure remain-
ing in the receipt of our laid Treaiury forthwith to pay, or caufe to
be paid unto Philip Burlamacks>$ Land* Merchantable him of 5 oooo /.
to be by him paid over to the Low-Countries by Bill of Exchange,and
Cjermin^ unto OurTrufty & Welbeloved Sif WiUiam Eelfour Knight,
and John D abler Eiq; or either of them , for levying and providing a
certain number of Hor"e,with Arms for Foot and Horfe to be brought
over into this Kingdom for our Service ; viz,, for the levying and
traniporting of i ooo Horle,i 5000 /. for 5000 Muskets, 5 COD Cor-
flets,5 ooo Pikes,i 05 oo/. for i ooo Curafiers compleat,ioo Corflets
and 2 oo Ctrbines,4 5 oo /. amounting in the whole to the fa id turn of
3 oooo /. And this Our Letter fhall be your fuffident warrant and
diicharge in this behalf. Given under Our Privie Seal at Our Palace
of Wcftni the 30 0/Januar* in the third jeer of Our Reign, Anno Dom.
162^ Ff Tie
"fT /.*/-;;**
The Univtffai of Cambridge to
Illuftriflime Princcps,
aterfto cam affefttt, qteim divinti cum cbaritate veftr&
emi*fatu'en utilitaiemc^ veftra Celjitttdoffmper procuravcrt f ?
nee nos ejfari poffamus^ nee ot.t& ulla conticert.
Ingentia beneficiafecttlttm pf<zfes admiratione obruunt ; nee aljt qucunt
tpfrmf*rcnmt$*m<A & immorttlitatts pramio compenfari. Veftr&Celfitu-
dinif finffttlxri patrocinie ) de Typography Londinenfilut trinrnploavimuf.
Hoftium HndequaqHeferociainferfenfimiu imminfftam^ Ahctarn^ Acade-
mic dignitatem: Nihil nos votis expetifcere , nihil veftra Cclfitudo con-
ferre VotU't, quod a veftra benignitate non Acccyerimw. Et quid nysprt-
ttr h^nc fterilem culttu noftri meftem re^eniinttif ? At beneficitt veftrd 9
t/(ta?falle pofteritM alet , quibw prac on- is, quam Aternis lattdibw ve-
ftra Celfitudinis memoriam nefetes noftri celebrabttnt , facile conjiciet is
etui writ qttantKin Academia tranquilh adminittrdta , vindicate privile-
gia^ immHnitates con?ervat<x. , otmmj.iben<ujyfa vita Afttfis doiata^ pro-
mereAMtttr / Q^tot hofles Reipttblic<z Literary wfenfos veftra Celjitudo
pr&fligavitycittat in nos munera contulertt^ nee illifine gemittt agncfcere^ nee
nos fine ftttporc recitarevAleamus. Dum t e licet con^iaxri^ dtim tttage-
nua p^ehendere^fioccifAciamttt mortalium iras^ & in rcceflibut mflrit ab-
diti tuto literis indulgeamiu.
Jam veftra Celfitado novom par at Militiam (quint veftro nominiglo-
riofant , Religioni Ckrifti*n& fauftam^nobis omnibus foslicem^ omnipotent
Deusfaxit ) qttibu* nos ptriculis exponimur ? Alii flumen noftrttm jic-
care-) ettm^ablitum a quo for fan ipji aquas elim ingrati h^ufertint : alii
nobis Imprimendt facuhattm rurfa adimere conabtintur. IHttftriffimc
Prtnceps , pauca font noftra bona , fuppeSfXCftrta, Angftfta Atkcnarum
pontcsria : tottlU tamen opes Crcefi ve I Midse perditorum hominum infidiis
petuntttr at rociw > qtmminermis & nuda paypertAS noftr*. Videtveftra
Celfitudo quam in ipfa fdticiam collocamitt, qtti tempeflatpriHfqttamin-
grttit^d veftrM aru confugimtu. Et qttAmvis hattd ignarifttmus quanta
molejveftr* Celfitttdinu hunter os jamprentat^ atidatter t amen tot curArti
vtoxtibus noftrum Parna{fum [upfraddimtts. Perfciat vestra Celfitttde
hdnc futm AeMdemiam^ ut incipit : florentent ornet^ trepidantem exeitet^
dcprtfitm fttftentet) periclitantem expediat ; qua Detim ptrpetuo imflorat,
ut omnia tttttgloriofa mohmina weft r a Celfitudo confeqtiAtttr , & M* ve-
ftYA Cel/ituttintt pAtrocinio fiuatttr m aternum.
Dat* e frequent! Senatu no- CtlptdUnu veftr& devinttijfwi,
ftro, Nonas Julii, 1^28. Procancellarius , reliquufque
Senatus Academiae vcftrac
Cantabrigienfis, The
The Ditkes Atfwtr* 219
The Dukes
J
Gentlemen^
SUch and lo cordial have your refpefts been unto me , that no o-
ther Pen then your own can expreis them , nor no other heart
then mine can apprehend them : and therefore I labour not any ver-
bal iatisfa&ion , but (hall defire you to believe, that what fervicc fo-
ever you pleaie to think 1 have hitherto done for you , I cannot lo
much as call an expreffion of that I would willingly do for you. -And
whereas in your Letters you ieem to fear that my abfence may be an
advantage of time to make your advcriaries a&ive and ftirring a-
gainft you. , and your affairs coniequently meet with partiality and
oppofition ; I have therefore molt humbly recommended them to
the Juftice of my Royal Maftcr, and to the bofomes of fome friends,
where they fhall like wife meet with mediation and protc&ion, to
what part of the world foever my Matter or the States fervice (hall
call me. I can carry but one Chancellor of your Univerfity along
with me, but I hope I (hall leave you many behinde me. And I (hall
prelage likely of the fuccefs of our adions, (ince they are all lo fol-
lowed by your wishes and devotions ; which I (hall endeavour you
may always continue unto
lfeyt 3 o J/*//, Your moft affe&ionate friend,
1628. and humble fervant,
BUCKINGHAM,
To my very worthy And, mucker eft ctted friends-)
*nd Setutte of the Univcrfity of Cambridge.
Tht rictchAnetttor of Cambridge u the King , *pi
the Dttkes detth.
Vrctd
TpMe fatal blowc given your moft loyal fervant,whom your Majefty
4. made our Patron and Chancellor, hath fo rtounded our Univer-,
fity, as (like a Body without a Soul) (he ttirs not, till your Majefties
directions breathe life again, in the choice of another. And al-
Ff2 though
230 King Charles ft the Uniwrfit) 0/Cambridc
though I am but one of many , and therefore (having to do with a
multitude) cannot absolutely aflure the effecting of your pleaiure ;
yet I dare undertake for my ielf, with the reft of the Heads, and ma-
ny others , truely and faithfully to labour in your Majdties defires,
and now prefume to lend fair andftron^ hopes to give them full fa-
tisfa&ion : Humbly intreating the continuance of your Majetfies love
and care of your Univerfity ; the onely ftay and comfort of this her
lad and mournful eitate, occafioned by iuch an unsxpreflible dilafter ;
cheriOiing her felf with that bleflcd word your Majeftie ufed upon
her laft Election, That howibever your Majetiies appointment ma-
dowed out another, yet your Self in Jubilance would be her Chan-
cellor. This, as an indelible Character in her memory ,(lnall ever re-
turn, as all thankful obfervance,fo to God prayers full of cordial zeal,
for your Majefties long and happie Raign.
King Charles to the Univtrfitj gf Cambridge, for
a new
Right Trufty and Welbeloved,We greet you well. As We took
in gracious part your due refpe6t in eleitmg heretofore for
your Chancellor a man who for his parts and faithful iervice was moft
dear unto Us : Co now We are well pleaied to understand, that you
are fenfible of your own and the common lofs, by the bloody afial-
finate of ib eminent a perfon, and that you defire and expe& for your
comfort an intimation from Us of a capable fubjeft to fuc.eed hi his
room. This exprcflion on your part , hath begotten in Us a Royal
affe&ion towards you, and more care for your good j out of which,
We commend unto free ele&i m of you the Vicechancellor and
Heads, and of the Matters Regents and Non-Regents (according to
Our ancient Cu(tom)Our Right Trufty and Right Welbeloved Coufin
tnd Counfellor,?/<rr/ Earl of Holland^ lately a member of your own
Body, and well known unto you all : whole hearty affe&ion to ad-
vance Religion and Learning generally in Our own Kingdoms , and
efpecially in the Fountains , cannot be doubted of. Not that We
fliall ceafe to be your Chancellor in effe&,accordiiigto Our promiie ;
but the rather for your advantage^ We advile you to the choice, that
you may have a perlbn acceptable unto Us , and daily attending on
Our perfon, to be Our Remembrancer and Sollicitor for you upon
all o:cafios. And your general concurri%.hcfein, ftitll bn: to Us i
pledge
The E4rl of Holland totbellniverfitj. 221
pledge of Our afteSions , which We are willing to chcrifli.
Given *t Our Court the 2 8 / Augult, in the fourth jeer f Our Raign.
TheEvhf Holland ths Uaiverfj.
Mr.Vtcechancellor And, Gentlemen^ the Se-
nate of the Kniverfny if Cambridge,
T He condition of man is fo frail, and his time fo fliort here, that
in the ium of his account there are few accidents can deliver
him worthy to posterity : yet to prevent my deihny in this <fcfeft}
you have made my name to live, by your general and free : eledion
of me to be your Chancellor ; the which will give me fo to the
world, not my merit. I take but my beginning by this Creation
and will endeavour to proceed with iuch ttrength, in my ferioas af-
Sto to ierve you ail, as you (hall fee this Honour is not conferred
upon an unthankful pcrion. It is my hap tc > iucceed the moft excel-
"em example of theVft Chancellor , who had both will and power
to oblige ^ou : for the ^^^^^^^T^
all other things, yet in what concerns you, my Mafter, whole word
youhave, anS whole thanks you will receive ir iy behalf, will for
L "own fake, if not for mine, accept of all humble requeftj foryou
which may conduce to the iupport of every par--' ~>
anyway advantage your whole Body, or adv.
bers of our Univerfity. For whole mcreale
do wifr, from an affeaionate heart , as I protels
being Your moft thankful friend,
and humble lervanr,
The
222 Ttu Ikri'Virfi;] tf Cambridge I* ike King.
ef Cambridge to the Kimg.
Sereniffimo, & Magnificentiffimo Principi , AROLO Dei
Britannia; Regi, &c.
Seren'flime & Potcmiffimc Monnrcha,
Wi",Dctenfbr Fi'dei,Pater Patnz :
DUm ad Atajeflatis tu& pedes difcumbimu!^veniam humillime depreca-
murtemerttatisnoflra^ Quod Majcftati tut in ittudglariA faftigi-
um fveft<e , ad quod *ttlli Prinapes a multis retro faults frovenerehar-
tM kat ineftM aufi famus-) & qtterimoniAf tbtrttdere -) fed ttuttttnt jam in
terrlc ejfulget Majeftate tUA AUt iUttftriu^ ant magi* bettefcumfidw^ cu-
jutcoelefti aft>etttt mar tale s tjflifti ah stdverfisy ad faint u for turn fcrdttci
fojjlnt. Senfimw xos perfepe , Ufi fen/intttf vtvifcam charitatis tu< att-
rmnt^iivinam clementitm ample^imHr^ henignitatem incredibilem fempi-
tern* veneratione adoramtu. Qua enlnt per te nobis p/tx d At a fit, qtt& pri-
v'tlegifi indulta. & confirmattt) qtt<s, grati^ candor^miferictrdi^ teneficen-
tia nobis imyertitA , nee nos effari pcfftimtu , nee ttlla fecttla conticcre. O
nosfoelicijfintosfttb tut Sceptro^ Carole ! qtti certe miferrimi eflemus^fi Re-
gio AtfAJtftatit tu<e Pttrocinfo acftvere deftitticrciMtr : irruunt in nos omne
gcnttt illiterAterttm hominum longum h&rent in neftris malis^ & fine magno
nun-tin e non amoventur. Centum olim Annas cum eppidanis noftris de
fummiprivilegioruw decertdvintttt , qtiinquaginta cum Typographic Lo n-
dinenJibuS) adeo crude I is eft-, Ac pert infix malitia^ qu& Itterii bellu** indi-
citfTjpogrAphK per tuant in nospietatem nuper compofitu oppidani^ ueterem
edit Camtrinam incipiftnt commot/ere. It A ab Oppidanis ad Tjpographos^
* Typographis ad Oppidanos, noftra in gyrttm cal^mitM eircttnutEka vl-
vitur^ dr infnitts contrwerpArum nedis apringimur, & juguUmtir. Df-
fiexispenibw'ExceilentijfiiHamMajeftatent tu*m imploram^ ut qHtferc-
nitatefuam AcademiAmfentver a/pexerit , e^dem dignetur huic cauf& ad
Aitturn A fe diem ivterife. Et Dettm Optint. Max. prcctbirHur , ttt te
nobis quam diutijfime confrrvet clementijjlmum Principem , & Patrem in-
dulgentijfimum : In cujw falute^ totiw Regni incolumitA<jranqttitl;tAS Li-
terarum-)publicafeculifalicitMi & bonorum omnium vot A tbundc conti-
ncntur.
Servi Majtfati tuA devoti & f deles fubditi^
Procanc* & Senai'.
An
An Ordt r mtdt at W&jtefaff. 223
An Order made at Whltchttt bitwixt the Univtrfity and Tcrvv
of Cambridge, Decemb.^. 1 629.
Lord Keeper. Lord Chamberlain. Earl of Kelly.
L9. Archb. of York. E*r/ of Suffolk. Lird f r ,f c . Dorchefter.
Lord Trttfetrer. Ear! of Dorfet. Z,5r^r//c-.Granditbn.
Lord Trcfident. Earl of Salisbury. Lord Bijh. of Winton.
Lord Trivie Seal. Earl of Bridge water. M*fte r of the Wtrds.
Lord high Chamberlain. Earl of Hoi land. Mafler Chamberlain.
Ear I Mar^h/tl. Earl of Danby. Mr. Secretary Cook,
Lord Steward.
hi? Majeftie fitting in Councel, did hear at large thecon-
troverfie between the Univerfity of Cambridge and certain Bur-
gers of the Town, concerning the rating and letting the price of F*-
ftntafai, and particularly of Candles and other necefories comprised
under the terms of Focah* ; and of the confequen:es lately fallen
out upon the controverfewhich having been long debated by Coun-
fel learned on both fides , his Majeftie finally ordered, by advice of
the Boord, That as well the late Maior and Biyliff, and WMitm
Bridges^ as Edwjtrd Almond^ John Ball, Jonas Sco r,and Thomat Oliver^
fhalf acknowledge and fubmit themfelves (by letting their hands to
this Order in the Councel-book) to the JurifdifHon and Priviledges
or the Univerfity , as well for the rating and letting the price of all
manner of /^##4#rf,and of Candles, and all other neccflaries under
the term of Focalia , as for the correiting and punifhing of all fuch
inhabitants of the Town as fhall break and exceed the laid rates and
prices fo fet by the Vicechancellor, or fuch Officers of the Univerfity
as are in that behalf authorized. And it is further ordered , That
all the parties fined by the Vicechancellor , (hall pay the Fines, and
fuch charges of the Court as were let upon them by the Vicechan-
cellor ; and fliall make publike confeflion, in the Vicechancellors
Court, of their fault, in breaking the laid rates and prices fo let, and
refufing to pay the fines fo affeffed upcn them, 9nd queftioning the
priviledges of the Univerfity. And as touching the dilcemmuning
of any of the faid perfons in this Order mentioned , It is ordered,
That peace and agreement (hall be ietled betweep the parties,accor-
<iing to the performance of that refpeft and fubmiffion which is due
from
Tfa Unfair fity of Cambridge tkeArM.of York. -
from the inhabitants of the laid Town of C4mbridgc to
verfity.
Ex.MH.Becher.
The Umvfrfty of Cambridge to the Arebbifiep ef York.
ReverendiffirnoinChriftoPatri, & fummo Archi-prsefuli ,
Dei gratia, Archiepifcopo Ebor*;cnf , Patrono noftro arternum
colendo.
Rcvercndiffime in Chvifto Pater, Archi-praeful ampliffime,
N'l/t perfyetta ejfet Paternitatu ttt& in Academiam gratia & favor
fttfra quant meremttr immenjim^ 'vercremn rfint mttltis ambAgibtu y
Ofi tarn illttftre in Ecclefid Mpftt Accedere^verum ea fftnper fttit indulgenti*
titA) & ftfibile nobis patro c inium , ttt in difficultatibtes noftrU uhrofyeris
magit ad aceurendttm mlacer^atim nos effe potuitnm ad implorandum ; te-
mcvtriiincidimtti in 'veteremcontreverfiA lacunantcHmnoftrifOppidanu.
Novitfat PaternttM ttttiab experientia multiplied qua tilt erga nos ntentes
gerAnttfuam atra lolligine &invidi<zfacco a. teneru ungHiculMfaftiftterint y
nequeJAin inciptxnt ferocire^ nee ttnquam erediniut , definent homines in-
fftl/iytam dignitatis noftr<e immcmores, apt urn rationis fu<e , nonnullis corttm
comntersittm cum no/Iris tnt:rdiximttf^ dttmfrocaciuj y qtMmpareratfafces
noftres videbantur contemnere^ fed grave eft, & pcrmoleftttm qtticquid ca~
dit in prtcipites animos^ & ira, impotentes. Illi tanquamfultninc percu/Ji
ail fublicaJHdiciuntfobfelliay Lymphatice fcfcinant^ cum pejfevt conftiltiw
for fan in domibm feis - Nos atttem verili ne Ma\eflat Reipttb. Li-
ter aria minueretur , ft in for* pftblico proftituta Academic deyrivtlcgiis^
& {umma rerum trepidarctJSenatw Regis tritwntli apfcllavimw. In quo
cum] <*m attfyicanjjime c onfedifle t uam Pat emit at em , intelligent v4lmt
Mater, & de honoretu^ & faa felicitate exiwic triumpkabat) nHvquAm
oblita v in ttt is tu<e^ & nMgnanimitatis invitt<z y qua folcbai hie toties Ficc-
cancelUriui ad immor talent nontinis ttti laudem iftiufmodi per dttc lies con-
tunderc huntillime ragamMPaternitatemtttamrfrofnofamnta in nos ajfeftu.
& ftetMte^ttt quemadmod.wn femper Academism ornare ftiduit^ tta mine
dignemr tidempriclitanti [uccurrerc,
Pitt* tHA dtVOtlf.
Procanc' &Senac.
n,
Tht Univtrfiy ofCAmlridg u the far I 0/Maneheftcr. 2 a j
The Univerpty ofCantbridg t$ tht Earl 0/Manchcfter.
i
Ilhiftriflimo, nobiiiffimo, noftroquc amantiffimo Domino, Comic
MancheftrU Privati Sigilli Cuftodi, Regiz Majefttti i Sandiorr
bus Confiliis, Patrono noftro plurimum colendo.
HOnoratiJJtme ttoffirumque amantiJfimcDomine Montacute,
an ipfe mbi* vana credulitate blandiamur, fed cum fingula tuaprt
nobts gefta perfendimus, fruimur hac opinions, vix quenquaw vivere t
qui no/lram falut em, liter arum incrementum, tranquittitatem Academic
magis ex animo velit quam nobilijfimtts Montacutus ; tt indies appa-
rent indubitata teflimonia amoris tui erga nos integerrimi et profufejfi-
m& benevolenti*. uid dicemus de Typographic, quos tandem */*
quando poft variot cafus et tot difcrimina fttbegimtts , quamvis nodum
controverfa Cordianum confuerant non nift Alcxandri gladio explicabi-
lem, ettanquamfepiapifcislongaperplexalitis caligine capitainvolve-
ra*t ne caperentur. Ac k<ec ultima fententia veftra memento beneficii
favoris magnitudine y celeritate conficiendi trajecit t quicquid nlla fpes
nobis dittare potuit t aut fuggertre^ fenttntia Celebris, fanttst memorabi-
lis ad opprimendam in perpetuam msrofam oppidanorum iitfolentiam} fen-
tentia quam quo penitus contemplamur, eo magis fob ftupore bonitatis
veftr<e, et admirationis onere laboramus.
Noli (nee enim fas eft) metiri obfervanti* nofta rationem, ex +
ftro fcribendi modulo. (JMajora de te fentimus quam verba noftr* ex-
pedire valent, multo minus rependere. llludnoftrumergate tantttm eft
ettamfirmum, ut nulla nw& opportunitat is aecefsionc augere queat, aut
temporum injuria diminui.
^ ''* Honori tuo ztcrnum obligati Procanc*
& Senacus reliquus Academic.
\ i--- _
The
a 16 Tkt Utiverfty tfGtwbrtigH Sir Humphrey
Tht Univtrftty ofCAmbridg to Sir Humphrey May.
Clariffimo & fpe&atiffimo Domino Humpkredo May Equiti Aura-
to, & Regiae Majeftatis Procamerario, amico & fautori noftra
scternum obfervando.
Ttrnas agimus tibi FrattM , ClariJ/ime Domine Procamerarif r
quod f wore tamfubito, tarn proven/a & inclinata bencvolentiii
/id noftram caufam ultra accetferis : fubitt forfan & pupf
(clarijjime Domine) conditions ncftra pia commiferatio cum
Aeret Mitfa fatbits iwptiettof circa, Tribunals tremere , quas
trat iter lanros & virgalta pacific* ix veritatis difyuifitione occupari.
VerttJ tft, & ' h<tc *tate improba fie vivimus, ttt frequenter defofita
tigii & c alamo, pallia & CHentumfoccos inditere cogamur : tJMaxim
ittro nos ad incommoda pellunt opidani rtoftri, qui hoc a natttra principium
mordicus tcnc*t,& nulU dimitttttttfato^urbarefemferfMem Hterartim,ct
bonit Academic qHovit modo iMpdiari.Q quam magna merces eft prudentia r
et fobria meus^ tqua in utrittfaue fort is import unit ate I funt quos ipfum
foslicitatu tadium fatigat ad mortem, & dira contentions ambitiofatm-
tiffo quodam ajiro impellit ad foam pernicitm. Pofl triginta annos ft-
mulat* p4ffis, &inductArian oftidulaxi ttoftriquietisimfatientia^ & in-
vidi<g aculeis atti t nufer tentare vtluerunt quantum foment calcibus con-
ttA frinv, tutctntra Solemjaculis ; at frater paenitentiam ac fuCpiria
tnhildomttm reportartfnt Ita Lftfufas in tternum pbi devinxit Senatus
i/le tremendus & glorioftts, in quo tnajores Mi gentis noftr& fcdent. Ttt
in ilia fctxafflendida Regia^Majtflati adftare maluifli,quam tuam inter
divot reliquos claftem rettnere, ut noflro momtxto ixfervirts y & illud
te&ttsfacrumpropriujattingeres, in quo omnes gratia nidificant, & noftra
bt*tit*do rtc<otdit*r. Afagnafttnt h<ec amoris tui teftimonia^ ttolis vero
mefcm femcti parem a whs expe&are - t Mttfa non funt folvendo. f
tAmcn y ftprcces, vota, laudcs, encomia fro nobis fujpcert f of tint, Nihil
nts tHtt uttritis debit uros confidtnter promittimus.
Pignicati toae devindifT Procanc* & Senaf
yel Acadcm. CantabrigtcnC
Inftrtitlinns
faJlrMf? owfor the Government of the ttniverfa o/Ctmb. nj
Injlwftions by King Charles, to the Vice-Chancellor and Heads
of Cambridge for Government, &e. March 4.1629.
CHARLES REX.
FIrft, chat allthofc directions and orders of our Father of .blefled
memory, which at any time were fent to ouc faid Univcrfity t be
duly obferved and put in execution.
2. Whereas we have been informed that of late years many Students
of that our Univerfity ,not regarding their own birth,degree, and qua^
lity, have made divers cohtra&s of marriage with women of meane
eftate, and of no good fame in that Town, to their great difoarage-
ment , the difcontent of their parents and friends, and thedifhonpur
of the Government of that our University j we wil , and command
you, that at all times hereafter,if any Taverner, Inholder,or Vidnal*
er,or any other inhabitant of the Towne, or within the Jurisdiction
of the Univerfity, (hall keep any daughter or other woman in his
houfe to whom there (hall refort any Scholars of that Univerfity , of
what condition fo ever, to mifpend their time, or otherwife to misbe-
have themfelves in marriage without the confent of thofe that have the
Gardiance and tuition of them , that upon notice thereof, you dot
prefently convent the faid Scholars or Scholar, and the faid woman
or women thus fufpeAed,bcfore you, and upon due examination, if
you find caufe therefore, that you command the faid woman or wo-
men , according to the forme of your Charter againtt women ,
demalofaffettas, to remove out of the Univerfity, and foure miles
of the fame : And if any refufe prefently to obey your commands, and
to be ordered by you herein,that you then bind them over with fureties
to appearc before the Lords of our Privy Counfel, to anfwer their
contempt, and fuch matters as (hall be objeftcd againft them. And if
any refbfe prefently to obey,to imprifon them til they cither remove or
put in fuch bonds with fureties.
3. That you be careful that all the ftatutesof our Univerfity be duly
executed, efpecially thofe de veftittt Scholar ium, et de modeftia et mofum
trbanitate. And whereas we are informed , that Bacchelors of Law,
Phyfick, and Matters of Arts , and others of higher degree, pretend
ihey are not fubjcft to your cenfure , if they refort to fuch houfes
G g 2 an4
a 2 8 7 be Uttiverfttj ofCamb. to the L. Chief foflict Rf c .
and places as are mentioned in the faid ftatutes, to eat, drink, play, or
take Tobacco,to the mifpending of their time, and corrupting of
others by their ill example, and to the fcandalizing of the government
of our faid Umverfity : Our will and pleafure is by tbefe prefents,thac
you doe alfo command them and every of them, to forbeare coming
to any fuch houfes , otherwifc, or at other times , then by the
laid ftatute others of inferiour order and degree, are allowed to
doe , any ftatute or concefiion whatfoever to the contrary notwich-
ftanding. Andifany refufe to obey you herein , that you proceed
againlt them as contumacious ; and if there be caufe, that you alfo
fignifie their names to us, or the Lords of our privy Counfel.
4. That you doe feverely punifh all fuch of your body, of what de*
gree or condition foever^as (hall contemne their fuperiors , or misbe- '
have themfeives either in word or deed towards the Vice-Chancellour
or ProdorSjOr any other officers of our Univerfity, efpecially in the
executing of their office.
5. Laftly we will and command that a Copy oft hefe our directions
be delivered to the Mafter of every Colledge , and that he caufe the
fame to be published to thofe of his Colledge , and then to be Regi-
ftred in the Regifters of their Cclledges, and duly obferved and kept
by all perfons whom they concern.
Examinatttrjt concordat cum Origin*lf. Ita atteftor Jacobus
Fabor Rtgift
The Unwtrfit-) of Cambrtdg to the Lord
Chief tfujlice Richardfon.
HonoratiflTmo Domino Thorn* Richer Jfo Comramunium Placite-
rum Proto Jufticiario, & Protdro amico Acadcmiac, & Patrono
fingulari.
AMplifsimeet honoratifsime Doming fftptriori ttTermino tt Ann>
te noftrii literis & negotii* grwiter tttfatigavimiu, & nttnc nt-
v&afferre molefiias neHtiquam dubiumns ; fed tu fncandore Duopolies
maximo hanc noftrtm morofitttem benignc interpretare, & da, veniam
impatient* noftr* Kcaft<mi*dS*cerdotium Hallingburii^*^ de cujttfdtm
f*picoU,UpftiinnninHS noftrts ex diplomtteferenijjimi Regis Jacobi no-
fa indttto, ft per StrMtttm-Regmfoknnem cwfrmato venit. HuncMagi-
ftrum
The Eijkep of Exccftcr to the Lower hottfe of Parliament. 229
frttm Love Collegii dim Pctri prtntovtMus, vir urn fide, dottrina t inte-
gritale^fanttimoniapraclarttmi qui'Procuratori* Officium, magiftratum
apudnos amflijjimum^infigniter adminiftravit , et non fine magna lattde
fafces Mite biennium depofuit, unde liquido conftet dominations tu*^ qui-
bus opuientiis abuxdat Alma, mater ^ cum virum confularem, et de repub-
lic* noftra tarn bene meritum, talifacerdotiolo autlum & remunerAtum
dimittimtis. 'Vtinam tamen vel tantillum hoc quod tfl bencficii homini
nrjftroflacide concedertnt mart ales Dii, et fe precibus ad xquanimitatem
fit fti paterentur. Emm 'vero nefcimus quo malofao n&ftre id comparat^m
fit, ft inter facrnm & facrum femper htreamus , quemadmodftm in pr(-
verbio eft., Inter faerum tjaodambiwtts^ et homimtm prtcvrdiafaxo dun
era, nihil nas fine cotttroverfta impetrare ptfffumus j fed ccgimur t'irtut -
ncftranos involucre, & probam pauperiem fine dote quarere, cum Pcet.i
Horatio ; nam in tanta dominorum et captatorum turba, difficile eft ad
amnes articulos Jic excubare, ut qui modefte prsnfat in lutum nan dctru-
datur ; et certe ufque adeo pr&cluftts eft induftr'w mftra ad eadem honoris
tt emolument i adit us , ut multi repudia lite-rts in sternum renttncirtc
mallent, quam poft tot lab&ribus, conjumptam juventutem ct feneftam
ftudiis immature acceLcratam y vanafpei cajfa nuce ludificari ; cum non
folumfuanobis negare benefici*^ fed et noftra abripere t err arum Domini
flagitiofc contendant' Quid ad te hac verba fpeftant, facile conjicias :
Nos te Patronttm appellamus^ quern adverfarii noftri Judicem ; et fer
omvia ptttrocinia tua nob is ante hac gnaviter concefta, per omnia facra de-
mentia tuA et tiTioris in isfcademiam teobteflanwr^ ut huic Alttmno noftro-
jusfuum et Ac*demi& dignitatem, farftamtettam, authoritate tub con"
fervare velis : e t cum tua merita nv* alia, re confequi valtawus^ <juai
debiti agnitione cui fumus imparet, memorif% aitimi grata teftificttioHe,
utramque tibifempiternam religiofe pollicemur.
Erf e frequent! SeitAtu vaftro,
frjdie ctiend. Mtii, 1630. Honoris tui Clicntes affidui Pro-
cancel* ec Senatus integer A-
cadem* Cantabrig.
Bijbop 0/Excefter to the lower Hoxfc of Parliament.
Gentlemen,
FO R Gods fake be wife in your well meant zeale; why^doc we ar-
gue away precions time , that can never be revoked, or repaired ?
Wo is me, whilft we difpuce,our friends periih , and we inuft follow.
them..
Xty Charles rt tbt Lords Spiritual 4d Temf~or*l.
them. Where are we if we break? (and I tremble to thinke it) we can-
not but break if we hold too ftiffc.Our Liberties and properties are fuf-
ficiently declared to be fure and legal ; our remedies are cleare and
irrefragable ; what do we fear ? Every fubjeft now fees the way chal-
ked ouc before him for future Juftice , and who dares henceforth
tread befides it f certainly whilft Parliaments live we need not mif-
doubt the like violation of our freedomes and rights ; may we bee
but where the loanes found us, we {hall fufficiently enjoy our felves,
and ours ; It is now no feafon to reach for more. O let us not whilft
we over rigidly plead for a higher ftraine of fafety, put our felves in-
toaneceflityofruine, and utter defpair of redrefle ; let us not in a
fufpicion of evil that may be,caft our felves into a prefent confufion :
if you love your felves, and your Country, remit fomething of your
owne Terms; and fincc the fubftance is yeilded by your noble compa-
triots, ftand not too curioufly upon points of circumftance : fear not
to truft a good King , who after the ftrideft Law made muft be tra-
fted with the execution ; think that yonr Country , yea Chriftendom
lyethinthe mercy of your prefent refolution , relent or farewell,
farewell from him whofe faithful heart bleeds in a vowed facrifice for
his King and Country.
King Charles to the Lords Spiritual And Temporal.
WEE being defirous of nothing more then the advancing of
the good peace and profpcrity of our people , have given
leave to free debates of higeft point of our prerogative Royal, which
in the times of our PredecefTors,Kings and Queens of this Realm, were
ever reftrained as matter they would not have difputed } and in other
things we have been willing fo farre to defcend to the defires of our
good fubjeds, as might fully fatisfie all moderate minds,and free them
from all juft feares and jealoufies , which thofe meflages we have
fent unto the Commons Houfe wil well demonftrate to the world; and
yet we find it ftil infifted on, That in no cafe whatfoevec^ (hould it
never fo neerly concerns matters of State and Government , we or our
privy Coonfel have power to commit any man without the caufe be
{hewed. The fervice it felfe would be thereby deftroyed and defea-
ted ; and the caufe it felfe mnft be foch as may be determined by our
Judges of our eaufes at wtflntinfler , in a legal and ordinary way of
Jufticc j whereas the caufe may befuch, as thcfe Judges have not ca-
pacity
King Charles to the Lords Spiritual and Tewportl. 231*
pacity of Judicature, nor rules of Law , to direft and guide their
Judgments in cafes of tranfcedent nature, which happening fo often,
the very intermitting of the conftantrules of Government tor fo many
ages within this Kingdome pradifed, would foone difTolve the very
frame and foundation of oar Monarchy ; wherefore as to our Com-
mons we made faire propofitions,which might equally preferve the juft
liberties ofthefubjed : So my Lords, we have thought good to let
you know, that without the overthrow of our foveraignty, we can-
not iufTer this power to be impeached ; yet notwithftandmg, to clear
our confcicnee and intentions,this we publi(h,that it is not in our heart
or will, ever to extend our Royal power (lent unto us from God)
beyond the juft rule of modcrationin, any thing which (hall be contra-
ry to our Lawes and Cuttomes, wherein the fafecy of our people (hal
be our only aime. And we do hereby declare our Royal pleafure and
refolution to be, which fGod willing) we wil ever constantly continue
and mantaine, that neither we nor our Privy Counfel fhall , or will
at any time hereafter commit or command to prifon, or otherwife re-
ftraine the perfon of any for not lending mony unto us , or for a-
ny other caufe which in our confcience,. doth concern the pub-
lick good, and fafety of us and our people ; we wil not be drawn to
pretend any caufe which in our confcience is not, or is not exprcfled,
which bafe thought we hope no man can imagine, can fall into our
Royal breft : and that in all caufesofthis nature which fhall hereafter
happen , we (hall upon the humble Petition of the party, or addrefle
of our Judges unto us, readily and really exprefle the true caufe of
their Commitment or reftraint, fo foone as with conveniency or fafe-
cy the fame is fit to be difclofed and exprefled ; and that in all caui
fes Criminal of ordinary Jurisdiction , our Judges (hall proceede to
the deliverance and bailment of the Prifoner , according to the known
and ordinary rules of the Lawes of this Land* and according to the
Statute of MAgnacharta ^ and thofe other fix ftatutes infifted on,
which we do take knowledge ftand in full force , and which
we intend not to weaken , or abrogate againft the true intent there-
of.
This we have thought fit to fignific unto you , the rather for the
(hoitning of any long debate upon this queftion,the feafon of the year
being fo far advanced ; and our great occafions of State, not lending
us many dates of long continuance of ttys Seffion of Parliament.
Given under our fignet, at our Pallace at Wejtminfterj&t twelfth day
of Afaj in the Fourth Year of oar Reigne.
CAROLUS REX.
A Conn-
Ccnnfd- Table Order agtfaft hearing Mafs,&e.
A Corned Table Order agairtft hearing Mafs at Embafftdors hottfes.
March 10. 1629
Ac White-ball the tenth of March. 1 629.
PRESENT.
Lord Keeper. Lord IV'wibltton.
Lord Treafurer. Lord Vifcottnt Dorcbefter.
Lord President. LordVifcovnt Wcntvporth.
Lord Trivj Sejtle. Lord Vifcwnt Grandifon.
Lord Steward. Lord Vifcount Falkland.
Lord Chamberlaine. Lord Savile.
Earl of Suffolk; Lord NeVfbergh.
*rl ofDorfft. Af 1 . Vice ChamberUine.
Sari of Salisbury. M*> Secretary fiokf.
AT this Sitting the Lord Vifcount Dcrchefier declared,! hat hisMa-
jefty being informed of the bold and open repaire made to fe-
veral places, and fpecially to the houfes of forraine Ambafladors, for
the hearing of Mafle, which the Lawes and Statutes of this Kingdoine
doexprefly forbid his Snbjefts to frequent: andconfidering in his
Princely wifdome, both the piiblick Scandals , and dangerous confe-
quence thereof, is refolved to take prefent order for the Hopping of
this evil before it fpread it felfe any further, and for this purpofe had
commanded him to acquaint the Board with his pleafure in that be-
halfe , and what courle he thinketh fit to be held therein ; and withal
to demand the opinion and advice of their Lordfhips concerning the
fame, hisMajefty being defirous to- ufe the beft and moft effecluall
expedient that can be found. .Hereupon his Lordfliip proceeding^id
further declare, that hi* Majefty(to (hew the clearnefTc and earncft-
ne/Te of his intention herein) hath begun at his owne houfe, v iz.
Wherefoever the Queens Majefty hath any Chappel being intended
for the only fervice of her , and for thofe French who attend her ;
for which the Earl of Dorfet , Lord Chamberlaine to her Majefty,
hath been commanded to take fpecial care; according to fuch directi-
ons as he hath received from hisMajefty. That for fo much as con-
cerneth
rounfel-Table Order Agtfafl htAring Mafs,&c. 23$
cerneth the repaire tothehoufcs of Forrainc Embafladors. at the time
of Maffe, his Majefty thinks fit that fomemefiengers of the Chamber,
or other officers or perfons fit for that fervice, {hall be appointed to
watch all the fevcral paflages to their houfes, and without entring
into thcfaid houfes,or infringing tbc freedoms and priviledges belong-
ing unto them, obfcrve fuch perfons as go thither , but at their co-
ming from thence, they are to apprehend thcsi and bring them to the
Board; and fuch as they cannot apprehend , to bring their names.
But to the end that the faid Forrainc Embafladours may have no caufe
to complaine of this proceeding, ts if there were any intention to
wrong or difrcfped them, his Majefty doth likcwife think fie , that
for the preventing of any fuch miftaking and finifter Interpretation ,
the faid Embafladors (hall be acquainted with the truth of this bufi-
ncfle ; and likewife aflured in his Majcfties name, that he is , and wil
be as careful to conferve all priviledges and rights belonging to the
quality oftheir places, as any of his Progenitors have been,afid in tke
fame manner as himfelfecxpcdeth that their Princes (hall ufe to wards
his Embafladors.
Laflly, ThatitishisMajeftiesexprcflepleafure that the like dili-
gence be ufed for the apprehending of all fuch as' repaire to Maflc in
prifons or other places.
The Board hiving heard this declaration, did urwnimouflr
conclude , that there could not be taken a more efie&uall courfc
for the preventing of thefe evils, then this which his Majefty in his
wifedome hath fet downe , and therefore did order that the lame be
immediately put in Arid and careful execution. And it was likewife
thought fit, that the Lord Vifcount Dorchcfter , and Mr. Secretary
Cooke, (hould be fent to the forraine Embafladours feverally ,to ac-
quaint them with his Majefties intention , as is before mentioned ;
and that the meflengers of the Chamber to be imployed in the fervicc
before fpecified (hall be appointed and receive their charge from
the Lord Arch-Biftiop of Canterbury , the Lord Biftiop of London ,
and the Secretaries ,who are to cake a fpcciall care to fee this put ia
execution.
H h King
2 J4 ** n l ^Spain to Pope Urban.
/V 0/Spairre f P0/* Urban. Sept. 21.1 629.
Mpfl Holy Father , I condefccnded that my forces (hould be
imployed in theexecution of Mottntferra t , to divert the intro-
dud on of ftrangers into Italic^ with fo evident danger of Religion .-
IfufferedthefiegeofC*/*/ to run on fo (lowly, to give time that
by way of negotiation thofe differences might be compofed with the
reciprocal fatisfadion of the parties interefled ; and to (hew in effed ,
what little reafon all Italy had to be jealous of the Arms of my Crown,
for having poflefled many places of importance j fome I have freely
given away, and others after I had defended them in a time the ow-
ners had need,! prefently reftored with much liberality.Upon this mo-
deration the Duke ofNivers, being hardned againft the Emperor my
Uncle, and he perhaps and other Princes calling thither the moft Chri-
ftian King, who not contenting himfelfe to have attained that which
hepublickly profeffed to deiire, and having left Garrifon in Mount-
ferret, and in #*,*, and as (I am told ) having fortified fome pla-
ces, hath thereby given occafion to the Emperour my Uncle , to give
order his Army (hould pafle into Italy, to maintalne the Authority ,
Jurisdidion and preheminericy of the Empire, with whomi can doe
no leflethen concurre, and give him affiftance, in refped of the great
and ftrid obligation of Blood , of Honour, and of Conveniency
which I hold with his imperial Majefty, and for the - which I
doe acknowledge from the facrcd Empire ; declaring now, as I have
done heretofore,and as my Embaffadours have told your Holinefie ;
that in this bufinefle, I do neither diredly nor indiredly aim at any
other end of mine own particular intereft. But beholding the nume-
rous Armies ofthe Emperour in It*lj t and with extreme griefe fore-
feeing the harmes, inconveniences and dangers that"/^/y muft thereby
fuffer in matter of Religion, being that which moft importeth ; I doe
not only refent it , in reipedofthat portion which God hath given
me in Chriftendomc, but efpecially as a King and Prince of 'Italy , the
peace of thofe Provinces being difiurbed, which my Progenitors with
fo much Judgment and providence , and with fo much Authority and
benefit of the Natives bad fo many years preferved. Wherefore I
thought it my duty to prefent unto yoar beatitude that experience
hath demonftrated that to oppofe and ftraighten the Jurisdidion ofthe
Hmperour , and to refift his commandments , hath brought matters
to
The King 0/Spainc t o ?ofe Urban
to thcfe difficult terms,ajid this way being ftili pcrfiffcd in, there muft
needs follow thofe mifchiefs which wedefire tofiuin. Now the
moft convenient manner how to compofe thefe bufintffes. is that your
Holinefle doc effectually perfwade the Duke of Nivers to accomodatc
himfelf to the Juftice and obedience of the Emperour, and the King
of France to recall his Armies out of Italj , and the Princes that doe
aid Nivers, nomoretointereftthemfelvesinthc bufineffe, even as
from the beginning my Miniftcrs have propounded to your Beati-
tude ; became this difference being ended juridically, all the peri'ons
intcrefled (hall come off with honour and reputation, and fu all of
them (ball have a ground to befeech the Emperour ? that out of his
wonted clemency, he wil take off that impreffion, which he juftly might
have conceived againft the Duke of Nivers j whereupon things indi
ning to this iflue, I dial with a rery good will imploy my bett office*
to the end that fpeedy and exaft jufticc may be adminiftrcd , and alfo
that his Ctfariaa Majefty may give experimental effeds of his magna-
nimity and ftability, defiring with a moft fincere affeftion , that fo
much Chriftian blood may be fpared , as would be fpilt in this war ,
and that thofe forces; might be imployed to the fervice , and not
to the prejudice of Chriftendomc. Thus have I cleerly and fincerely
delivered my meaning unto your Holinefle, to the end that knowing
my intention, you may do thofe offices which your manifold wife*
dome (hall find proper for the place whereto God hath advanced you;
and if God for our fins have decreed to chaftife Chriftendome, by con-
tinuing the war ; let this difpatch be a teftimony of my good wil , and
real intention towards peace ; for the profecuting whereof, I on '
my part , will alwaies imbrace any reafonable and 'proportiona-
ble meancs, Oar Lord God preferve your Beatitude a thoufand
yeares.
The Council of Ireland to King Charles in defenct of tht Lord
Deputie Faulkland. April 28. 1629
MAy it pleafc your moft excellent Majefty, we fland fo bounden
to your royall Self, and your moft blefled Father our late
deceafed Soveraigne Lord and Matter , as we are urged in duty to
proftrate this aft of our faith at your Majcfties feet,as an affay to cleer
fome things wherein mifinformation may feem to have approached
your high Wifdomt. We undcrftand that it is collected out of fome
Hfc 2 late
The Conned of Ireland to King Charles .
late Difpatchcs from hence, that there are fuch diforders in the Go-
vernment here, as by the prefent Governors are remedikfle; all
which is afcribed ta the differences between perfons of chief place;
We do in all humility ttftifiic and declare that we have not feen or
known any inconvenience to the publick fervice by the difference be-
tween your Majeliies Deputy and Chancellor, neither have of late
fcen or heard any aft or fpeech of contention between them. Other
difference between perfons of any eminent Adion wee underftand
none , neither are any diforders here yet fo overgrown , as to fur-
pafle the redreffe of the prefent Governour, especially fo long as
he hath fuch a ftanding Englilh Army, as your Maj'cfty now alloweth;
if only we may receive fome fupply of Armes and munition , which
we have often written for,do daily exped,and which (hall be no lofTe to
your Majefty.lt is true } moft gracious Soveraign , that in fome late dif-
patches we mentioned three grievances in this government, which in.
extent may threaten much, it we be not timely dircded from thence
concerning them, vi<,. the infolence and excrefcence of the Popilh
pretended Clergie , the diforder and offence of the Irijh Regiment ,
and the late outragious prefumption of the unfetlcd fcrilh , in fome
parts; towards all which(being parties perhaps otherwifc conceived of
there, then underftood here ) your Deputy and Councel have of
late ufed particular abftinence, holding themfelves fomcwhat limited
concerning them, by late Inftrudions , Letters and directions from
thence. And therefore left countenance of that courfe, might turn
to greater damage ,. we make choice feafonably to crave expreffion
.of the good pleafure of your Highnefle , and the moft Honourable
Lords of your Councel, left our actions and zeal therein might vary
from the purpofeson that fide,and fo want of unanimity in bothStates,
breakethe progreffeofthe Reformation; not that we any way make-
doubt to give your Majcfty a good accompt of our felves therein, and
of the ful evidion of thofe evils in due time, fo we might be affaire d
ofyourMajeftys and their Lordftiips good allowance of our endea-
vours, being confident in all humility,, to declare and affirme to your
Sacred Ma jefty, that the reft of this great body; ("as to the civil part
thereof) is in far better order at this time, then ever it was in the
memory of man ; as wel in the current and general execution of Ju-
ftice according to the Lawes , in.the freedome of mem petfons and
ettates/the prefent charge of the Army excepted) and in the Univer-
fal outward fubjcftion of all forts of fctled inhabitants to the Crowne
and Lawes ofEvg/an4 t and alfo in the advancement of the Crowne
ancfiaftly, in the competent number of Biftiops, ando-
thcr
The Cewttl if Inland to King Charles. 237
therable and Learned Miniftcrs of the Church of *g/Wof all forts,
which we efpecially attribute to the bleflednefle of your time , and to
the Induftryes, Zeale Judgment and moderation of your Deputy, as
well in your Majefl y iervice , as towards this people', having now
well learned this great office; and to the good beginnings of the two
laft precedent Deputies under direction of your moft Renowned Fa-
ther.
Secondly , we underftand that your Deputy and Councel are
blamed for the prefent furcharge of your Revenues here/ar beyond the
fupport thereof.
Herein your Royal Majefty may be pleafed to caufe a review of our
difpatch from hence, mAtigufl 1627. where.n it wil appear, that
their part in that offence hath been only obedience to extraordinary
wan ants from thence, and that if thofe warrants had not beene fully
performed out of your Revenues , you had had about 40000 pound
Irifh to pay penfioners, in your Coffers, and anfwer other neceflkies
which have fince increafed.
So as we humbly crave pardon freely to affirme, that the faulc bath
not been here j and further alfo to fay for your Majefties honour and
our comfort , that during 100 years laft paft , England hath never
been fo free of the charge of Ireland, as now it is.
Thirdly, we underftand that your Deputy is accufed for mifcarri-
age inthe legal profecution of Phe1imA4achFr>:rrh, and others adhe-
ring to him in certain treafonable Ads andPracfifes. Herein we moft
humbly befeeeh your Majefty, that a review may b^of a declaration
fcntfrom hence about the beginning of your Deputies government ,.
ligned hy him and all the Counfel then here,whereby wil appear how
the parts of Lwjler, at leaft,have been from age to age infcfted by
him and his predecefibrs , and the inhabitants of the territory of
Ranelagh , wherein he tooke upon him a Chiefery; and therein will
alfo appeare, that it was the fpecial affection and endeavour of feve-
ral worthy Deputies here to have cleared that offensive plot , which
no wife State could fuffer fo neer the feat thereof, and that they alfo
feverally attempted it by force , the faid Phelimy Father being (lain
by actual! Rebellion by Sir trllliam Kneels profecution ; but the
generall Rebellion of the Kingdome alwaies interrupted the fet-
tlement thereof. This being at that time the declaration of the State,
moved your Deputy ,being a ftranger, to have a wary afpe& upon
the people , for the Common peace,which he hath carefully perfor-
med. Afterwards at the time when the general voice was amongft
the Irijb, that the Spaniards would be here , your Deputie had caufe
The counttl of Ireland to King Charles.
to examine fevcral pcrfons and caufcs concerning that Rumour wher-
byfell out to be difcovered to him among others , that this Phtlim
had confederated for railing a Commotion in Lemfler , and murthe-
ringa JVomy&Minifter, andjuftice of peace (a ready inftrument in
Crown Caufes) inhabiting about the border of the faid territory. Be
fore which time, we never heard of any difpleafure or hard msafure
born by your faid Depucy to him, or offence taken by him , at any
particular done to him, unlefs he were offended that your Deputy re-
fufed his mony offered to blanch your Majefties title to the Lands in
Rtnlagk^ now granted to undertakers, difcovered and profecuted at
firft by his brother Redmond and his Councel T>eter Ac U Hojd, We do
alfo herein in all humility teftifie, and declare that he acquainted fe-
veral Privy Councellors here, and others of Judgment with the fame.
And alfo in every Ad and pafsage thereof ufed the labour and pre-
fence, either of your Majefties Privy Concellours, Judges, or learned
Councel , alwaies profeffing publickly and privately ( which we alfo '
in our confciences do believe ) that he had no particular envy or dif-
pleafure to Phelims's pcrfon , or any of his, neither had any end in
what might fall out upon that difcovery or pains,or any ad done con-
cerning that Country, other then the reducemcnt thereof, to the con-
formity of other civil parts j the common peace of your Majeittes good
Subjeds adjacent, and the legal and plenary effeding of that which
by fo many good governours in times of difturbance could not be
.done, there being no power in him to make any particular benefit
of the Efcheace, either in lands or goods ; and before any thing was
to be done for the tryal of him and the reft for their lives, he made a
fpeedy and immediate addrefs to your Majcfty, dated 27. Auguft 1618
upon the indictment found, to inform you of the then prefent cftate of
that bufineffe, which we have feen, not doing it before ( as he affirms )
for that he had formerly received gracious approbations of his procee-
dings in the like difcoveries.
Wealfo in all humblenefle aud duty do declare and protcft,*that
if upon their evil demerits, and the due proceedings of Law,thofenow
queftioned may be taken away, and Che Territory fettled in legal Go-
vernment and Englifti order, (towards which a ftrong Fort is already
almoft built in the midft of it by your Majefties Undertakers lately
planted there : It will be a fcrvice of the greateft importmcnt to bri-
dle the Irifh , affure the inhabitants of other Parts, and ftrengther. the
generall peace of the Kingdom (next to the great Plantation of VI-
fter) that hath been done in this age. If otherwifc they (hall by fair
tryail acquit che courfe of your Majefties free and indifferent juftice,
7kt Countel of Ireland to King Charles; 23 9
it-will make them wary in point of daty and loyalty hereafter. And we
do further in all fubmiffion declare,That in thefe difcoveries, (the pcr-
fons and Caufes confidered) it was of ncceffity that the perfonal pains
of your Highnefs Deputy (hould be beftowed ; the rather, for that
the Evidences being to be given for the moft part by perfons involved
in the fame confederacyes, and who were to become aftors , they
would not be drawn to confefs truths to any inferior Minifters being
of ttubborn and malign fpirits ; befides the difiwafions of Priefts, and
of the Dependants and manifold Allies of the faid Phelim^ if they
had not been warily look'd after.
Laftly, We in ail humblenefie of heart and freedom of faithful
fervants, do befeech your moft facred Majefty to confider how much
the fufferings of your zealous fervants may prove to your diflerv ice,
efpccially in this place, where difcouragement of your moft dextrous
fervice is moft aimed at by multitudes of feveral qualities, and cannot
but foon perplex the prefent happy ftate of your affairs Wee be-
feech the etcrnall God to guide and prosper your Majefties advices
and defignes.
28. /lf>ril\629. Your moft humble and obedient
Subjects and Servants
Signed by
L. Primate L. CAiifeild, S r Adam Loftus
V..f r aletia L. Attng ier M* of thejF<t?v//
V. Kilmdlock^ L.Pr of Munjhr L. Chief Baron.*
V. RaneUgb. L. ffieffoftjxc S r Carles Coote.
L. Ditto*.
Ab Ignoto, Of the Affairs of Spain, France and
Italy, 5 fan. 1629.
SIR,
T Hough it be now full three months fince I received any line from
you, yet I dare not, nor will I for that refpect difcontinuemy
writing to you; and becaufe no private bufinefle occurreth, I will
be bold to advife a line or two concerning the publick affairs of Italy-
Cafftl is ftill made good againft the Sfanjard, not by the Duke of
\MantH4 , for he poor Prince was long fince bankrupt , but 6y
the fuccours of France and this Seignory , the formejr contributing
monthly 40000 Dollerf, the latter 2Oooo,not only to maintaine the
C*f*Ufcbi , but alfo to enable the Duke to ftand faft againft all other
the
tht Coined of IrtUnd to Ktng Charles:
the Spaniards attempts ; mean while we hear fay boldly , that a
league offenfive and defenfive againft the Spatyards in Italy is conclu-
ded betweene the French and the Venetians , andtht the French King
hath already fent out two Armies, one under the Duke of G*ifc by
lea, who they fay is landed at Ni*.**; the other under the Marquefs
tie Coeure , who is marching hitherward through the Valtoline and
though I doubt fomeching thefe proceedings of the French, yet I am
fure the Seignior doth daily give out new Commifsions for the levying
of Souldiers in that number, that now every one demands what ftrange
enterprize this Scate hath in hand, and all jump in this, that it is a-
gainit the SpMjard. The Popeisftilf adverfe to the Spaniard t and
inclines itrongly to the good of //v?//, animating this State to meete
the French with a declaration, and the French to conclude a peace
on any honorable terms with us, that they may the more fafely fol-
low their prefentdefigns,which is to fupprefle the Spanyards in Italy.
his Catholick Majetty hath loft a great dcalc of credit in thefc parts, by
thclofleof his Silver Fleete; and that he is in extreme want of mony ,
is collected here from the prefent ftate of fome of his publick Mini-
tters. Ognat his ordinary EmbafTadour at Rome t being lately recal-
led,in ftead of going kooie into Sprite jbub retyred himfelfe privately
to t-Monte Pincio, being in fuch premunire that he is not able to ac-
commodate himfelfe with neceffaries for his journy. And Mounte-
rei who is to fucceed him is arrived as far Sienna , but being foundred
in his purfe, is able to get no farther, meane while , living there in
an Inne. Moreover the Merchants in Rome, are advifed by their cor-
refpodents in Spaie t to be wary in letting either of them have monies ;
this is from a good hand in Rome. Sir Kenelm Digbj hath lately been
atZ)f/o/, where he hath laden great ftore of Marble, he isfaid to be
in very good plight and Condition. I trouble you no more.
Your faithful fervant, C-H.
The Lords of the Counsel ^England, to the Lords of the
Councel in Ireland, $i?a
BY your Letter dated the ninth of JantMry we underftand how the
feditious riot moved by the Friars and their adherents at Dublin^
bach by your good order andrefolucion been happly fuppreft, and we
doubt
fr'tm the Councell //England,* the Cwncel of Ireland 241
doubt not but by thisoccafion , yen will cor iider how much it ccn-
cerneth the good Government of that Kingdome, to prcfent in time
the firft growing of fuch evils; for where fuch people be permitted to
fwarm , they wil foon grow licentious, and endure no government but
their own, which cannot othtrwife be reftored thea by a due and fea-
ionable execution of the Law , and of fuch directions as from time to
time have been fent from hisMajefty and this Boittl.Now it redoundeth
much to the honour of his Majefty, that the world (hall take notice
of the ability and good fervice of his Minifters'there, which in perlon
he hath been pleafed openly in Connect, and in moft gracious manner
to approve and commend jwhereby you may be fufficiemly encouraged
to go on with likerefolution and moderation, til the work be folely
done, as well in City as in other places of your Kingdome , the carri-
age whereof we muft leave to your good discretion?, whofe particular
knowledge of the prefent ftate of things can guide you better, when
and where to carry a fofc oc harder hand ; only this we hold necefla-
ry to put you in mind, that you com ique in that good agreement a-
mongft your fdve. c ,for this and other fervices which your Letters do
exprefle; and for which we commend yon much , that the good fer-
vants of the King and (late may' find encouragement equally from
you ail ; and the ill affeded may find no fupport or countenance from
any ; nor any other connivances ufcd but by general advice, for aroi-
ding of further evils, (hall be allowed ; and luch Magiftrates and Of-
ficers, if any (hal be difcovered that openly or underhand favour
fuch diforders, or do not their duties in fuppreffing them , and com-
mitting the offenders, you (hall doe well to take all fit and fafe advan-
tages, by thepuniftunentordifolacingof a few , to make the reft
more cautious. Thiswewrite,notas mifliking the faire courfp you
have taken ; but to exprefle the concurrency of our Judgments with
yours , and to atfure you of our affiftance in all fuch occasions where*
in for your further proceedings , we have advifed. And his Majefty
requireth you accordingly to take order, firft that the houfe where-
in Seminary Friars appeared in their habits , and wherein the Reve-
rend Arch-Bifhop, and the Maior of Dublin received the firft affront,
be fpedily demolifljed , and be the mark of terror to the refifters of
Authority , and that the reft of the houfes ere&ed or imployed there ,
or elfewhere to the ufe of fufpicious focicties, be converted to houfes
of correction, and to fet the people on work, or to other publick
ufes, for the advancement of Juftiee, good Arts or Trades ; and fur-
ther, that you ufe all fit meanes to difcover the Founders, Benefad:-
ors and Mainuiners of fuch Societies and Colledges, and ceitifie their
1 i n*mci,
24* fht 0r</ftmlklands Petition to the Kivg.
names, and that you find out the Lands, Leafes, or Revennes apply.
c4 to their ufe^ and difpofe thereof according to the Law, and that
you ccrtifie alfo the places and inftitutions of ail fuch Monkeries ,Pri- .
orief,Nunneries, and other Religious houfes , and the names of all
fuch pcrfons as have put themfelves to be brothers and fitters therein,
efpecially fuch as are of note , to the end fuch evil plants be not per-
mitted to take root any where in that Kingdome, which we require
you take care of .For the fupply of Munition which you have reafon to
defire , we have taken effeftuall order that you (hall receive it with
all convenient fpeed. And fo &f .
Lord Keeper. Sari of Salisbury.
Lord Treafttrer. ?art of Keltj.
Lord Prefitknt. Lord Wco**t Dtrcbeftes.
Lord Trivj Settle. Ltrd NeVvbergh.
L. high Chamberlain. M*. Vice Chattier Uinf.
Earl of Suffolk. M*. Secretary fakf.
Sari tfDorfet. Sir William tsfltxandsr.
The Lord Falkland's tttith* to the King.
MOft humbly (hewing, that I had a Sonne , until I loft him in
your Highneffe difpleafurc , where I cannot feeke him becaufe
I hare not will to find him there. Men fay , there is a wilde young
mtn now prifoner in the Fleete, for meafuring his actions by his own
private fenfe. But now that for the fa me your Majefiies hand hath
appeared in hit puni(hmenc,he bowes and humbles himfelfe before and
to it : whether he be mine or not> I can difcern by no light, but that
of your Royal Clemency ; for only in your forgivenefle can I owne
him for mine. ForgivennefTe is the glory of the fuprcmeft powers,and
this the opecation, that when it is extended in the greateft meafurc, it
converts the greatcft offenders into the greateft lovers , ajid fo maUs
purchafe of the heart,an efpecial privileog peculiar arid due (o Sove
rtigne Princes.
If now yourMajefty will vouch fafe out of your owne benignity ,
to become a fecond nature, and reftorc that unto me which tfce firft
gave me, and vanity deprivedme of , \ (hall keep ray reckoning of
die full number of oiy fons with comfort f and render the ?rtbute of
my
1%e Vtfke o/Modcna to the Duke of Savoy. 24 $
my moft bumble thankfulneffe, elfc my weake old memory mnft for-
get one.
The duke of Modem t$ the Duke ofSwoy. faly 30.
WHen 1 was deprived of my Miftrifs the Infanta Ji^ahlU^ fa
intimately beloved of me, I was fuddenly pofTeffed with t
moft ardent defire of finding the meancs how to follow her into Pa-
radife ; and diftrufting in regard of my weaknefle and life paft, that I
was not able to ftand in thofc dangers wherein that holy foule knew
how to finde fecurity and tranquillity , I refolved to retire my felfe
out of the tempeftuous fca of Government, and to (belter my lelfe ia
the harbour of Religion, rcjoycing to facnfice that unto God, which
ufethto be fo highly efteemed in the world ; and knowing that trvely
to raigne, is to ferve his Divide Mijefty , hitherto I deferred the ex-
ecution of my purpofe, becaufe being bound in this, to depend up-
on the Counfel of him that governed my foule, it feemed not expe-
dient to him, that I (hould retire my felfc while there was need of mw
afiiftance , both in refpedt of the age of the Dnke my father ( whicfc
was c of air JEftc, who dyed )62%) and of the nonage of the Prince
my fon (which is Dn Frtncifco , who now governeth. ) Now that
thefe impediments are removed, I goe moft contentedly whither the
Lord doth call me, namely, to take upon me the Capuchin Religion
out of Italy j and I doc promife to find for my felf in one little Cel,
that repofe which all the creatncfle of the world cannot give me.
True it is, if I fhould look back upon my life paft, I (hould find mo-
tives rather of terrour, then of comfort : But the mercy of God doth
make me confident, and my having (for his love, and to pcrforme his
wil) renounced all that I could or had, I departed alfo moft comfor-
ted, becaufe I leave the Prince ray fon fo well qualified , that I may
confidently txpcft an excellent iffue of his Government, efpecially if
your Highnefs (hall vouchfafe to direft him with your moft prudent
Counfels, and to (hrowd him under your benigne protection, where-
unto with reverent affedion I doe recommendhim together with the
reftofmyfonnes, efpecially Carlo Alexandra ( who is now living in
your Highneffe his Court ) fince that ( as a man may fay ) they
have no other Father then your Highneffe , and are branches of
your Princely boufe.
Unto yom Higfcncffe was in all refpcflsdue from me the accompt
li 2 which
244 s * r fonhclm Digby to 5;>E Jvvird Srradiing.
which I hive given you of my v >catiQa ; I befeech you to accept it
andtobehcvethatlwillalwaiesbeanfwerabletomy ducie, aid will
pray For the fpintualland temporal increifeofyour HighnefT;, whofe
hands I reverently kiffe.
Your Highnefs moft humble a .id moft
From s*if*aio rhs obliged ferva^t ,
Sir Kcnhclm Digby to Sir Edward Srradling.
Tom} Honourable Friend Sir EdwardEtterling,*/'*/
Stradling, aboard his (hip.
MY much honoured freind , I am too well acquainted with the
weaknefleofmy abilities (that are farre untit to undergoe
fuchatask as I have in hand ) to flitter my felfe with the hope
that I may either informe your understanding , or do my felfc ho-
nour by what I am to write. But I am fo defifous that you fhould
be pofieffcd with the true knowledge of what a bent will I
have upon all occafions to doe you femce , that obedience to your
Command weigheth much more with me then the lawfulnefTe of my
cxcufc can, to preferve me from giving you in writing fuch a teftimony
of my Ignorance and erring fantauc, as I fear this will prove.
Therefore without any morecircunaftances, I wil as nrar a$ I can, de-
liver to you in this pap:r,what the o:hcr day I dt r courfed to you upon
the ii d Staffe of the ninth Canto in the fecond book of that matchlefl-
PocmjThe Fairy Queen .written by our Englijb Virgil, whofc words are
tbefe.
The Frame thereof fecnfJ partly Circuler,
tS*ndfart TriangHler : x>ork,.Divit !
Theft tVffothcfirft atdlaft proportions arf t
Th/'oneimpcrfett, mortal^ faefiuiue*
Th\ther immortal, perftft, mafc*Hne:
And tmxt them both a quadrat was the b*fe,
Proportioned fqmtflifyfeven, and nine
Nine was the Circle fet in heavens place,
AH which coivpafted,made 4 goodly Diapafe.
In thit Staff the Author feemeth to me to proceed in a differing
manner from what he doth elfewhcre generally through his whole
book,
Sir Kenhclm Digby to Sir Edward Stradling. 24 *
booke, for in other places, although the beginning of this Allegoric
or miflical fcnfe may be obfcure, yet in the procefle of it he doth him-
feife declare his owne conceptions ip fuch fore , that they are obvious
to any ordinary capacity : But in this , he feemeth only to glance at
the profoundeft notions that any fcience can deliver to us } and then
ofafuddaine, as it were recalling himfelf out of an Enthufiafme, he
returneth to the gentle relation of the Allegorical hiftory that he had
begun, leaving his readers to wander up and down in much obfcurity >
and to rove with much danger of erring at his intention in thefe Unes ;
which I conceive to be di&ated by fuch a learned fpirit , and fo gene-
rally a knowing foule, that were there nothing elfe extant of ty--
cers writings y yet thefe few words would make me efteeme him no
whit inferiour to the moft famous men that ever have been in any
age, as giving an evident teftimony herein , that he was throughly
verfedinthe MathemeticaJl fciences , in Philofophy and Divinity,
nto all which this might ferve for a a ample Theame to make large
Commentaries upon ; In my praifes upon this fubjcft I am confident,
that the worth of the Author will prefcrve me from thu cenfure, that
my ignorance only begetteth this admiration^ fince he hath written
nothing that is not admirable. But that it may appeare , I am guided
fomewhat by my owne Judgement , ( although it be a very meane
one) and not by implicit faith , and that I may in the beft manner
I can comply with what you may expcA from me , 1 will not longer
hold you in fufpence , but begin immediately ("though abruptly ) with
the declaration of what I conceive to be the true fenfe of this pkce;
which I (hall not goe about toadorne with any plaufible difccirfes,
or with authorities and examples drawne from others wru.ngsj
( fince my want both of conveniency and learning would make
me fall very (hort herein ) but it (hall bee enough for me :c in-
timate my conccptions,and to offer them up unto you in their own fim-
ple and naked forme, leaving to your better Judgment , the exami-
nation of the waight of them ; and after perufal of them, be leeching
you to reduce me, if you perceive me to erre. It is evident, that the
Authors intention in this Canto, istodefcribe the body of man in*
formed with a rational foule; and in profecntion of that de%ne, he
fetteth down particularly the feveral parts of the one , and che fa-
culties ofthe other. But in this Stanza he comprehended! tbe gene-
ral defcription of them both , as ( being joyned together to frame a
compleatman ) they make one perfect compound, whicjb will ap-
pear bettter by taking a furvey of every feveral Claufc thereof by it
fclfc.
Th*
Sir Kcnhelm Digby to Sir Edward Stridling.
The frame thereof feem'd partly circM/er,
And part triangular. -
By thefe figures, I conceit e that he meaneth the Mind and the Body
of man, the nrft being by him compared to a Circle, and the latter to
a Triangle ; for as the Circle of all figures is the moft perfed; and in-
cludeth the greateft fpace, and is every way full, and without angles,
made by the continuation of one onety line ; fo mans foul is the no-
blcft and moft beautiful creature that God hath created, and by it we
are capable of the greateft gifts which Godcanbeftow,which are Grace,
Glory, and Hypoftatical anion of the humane Nature to the divine :
and (he en joyeth perfect freedom and liberty in all other adions,and ii
made without compofition, (which no ficurer arc that have angles ;
for they are caufed by the coincidence of leveral lifies) but of one pure
fubftance, which was by God breathed into a body made of fuch com-
pounded earth, as in the preceding Stanza the Author defcribeth ; and
this is the cxad image of him that breathed it, reprefenting him as ful-
ly as it is poffiblc for any creature, which is infinitely diftaht from the
Creator. For as God hath neither beginning nor ending, fo neither of
thefe can be found in a Circle ; although thac being rr -ide of the foc-
ceffive motion of a line, it muft be fuppofed to have a beginning forae-
where. God is compared to a circle whole center is every wfeere, but
whofe. Circumference no where . but mans foul is a circle whofe cir-
cumference is limited by the true center of it, which is or.ly God. For
as a circumference doth in all parts alike refped that indivisible point,
and^s all lines drawn from the inner fide or it, do make right angles
With it when they meet therein ; fo all the interior actions of mans
foul ought to have no other refpedive point to dired themfelves un
to but God : and as long as they make right angles, which is, that
they keep the exad middle of vcrtue, and decline not to either of the
fides where the contrary vices dwell, they cannot fail but meet in their
Center.
By the Trianguler figure he very aptly defigneth the Body : For as
the Circle is of all other figures the moft perfed, arid moft capacious;
fo the Triangle is the moft imperfed, and includeth the leaft fpacc : It
is the firft and loweft of all figures ; for fewer then three right lines
cannot comprehend and inclofe a fuperficies ; having but three angles,
they are all acutcs (if it be equilateral; and but equall to two right
ones ; in which refpect all other regular figures confifting of more
then three lines ,do exceed it : May not thefe be refembled to the three
great and compounded Elements in mans body, to wit, Salt, Sulphur,
aad Mercury ? which mingled together, do make the natural heat,
and
Sir Kcnhclm Digby tt Sir Edward Str adling. 247*
and radicall moifture, the two qualities whereby man liveth : for the
more lines that do go to comprehend a figure, the more and greater
the angles arc, and the neerer it comcth to the perfection of a Circle.'
A Triangle is compofed of feveral lines, and they of points which
yet do not make a quantity by being contiguous one. to anothe r, but
rather the motion of them doth defcribe the lines. In like manner the
Body of man is compounded of the four Elements, which are made by
the four primary qualities, not compounded of them (for they are but
accidents;) but by their operation upon the firft matter.
And as a Triangle hath three lines, fo a folid body hath three di-
menfions,to wir, Longitude, Latitude, and Profundity : but of all bo-
dies mans is of the ioweft rank (as the Triangle is among figures) be-
ing corapofed of the Elements, which make it liable to alteration and
corruption. In which confideration of the dignity of bodies, I divide
them by a general divifion, into fublunary, which arc the elementated
ones; and into the ethereal (which are fuppofed to be of their own
nature incorruptible :) and peradventure there arc fome other fpecies
of corporeal fubftances, which is not in this place to difpute.
Certainly of all Gods works the nobleft and the perfefteft is man;
ind-for whom indeed all others were done; for if we confidcr his foul ,
it is the very Image of God ; if his body, it is adorned with the j?reateft
beauty and excellent fymmetry of parts of any created thing, whereby
it witneflcth the perfection of the Architect, that of fo droffie mould
is able to make fo excellent aFabnck: if his operations.they are free;
if his end, it is eternal glory ; and if yovrtake him altogether , man
is a little world, an exact type of the great world, and of God him-
felfe.
But in all this me thinketh that the admirable worke is the joyning
together of the two different , and indeed oppofii* fubftances in man
to make one perfeft compound ; the foul and the body, which are of
fo contrary a nature , that their uniting feemeth to be a miracle : for
hewcan one informe and work in the other , fmce there is nomeane
of operation (that we know ) betweene a fpiritual fubftance and a
Corporal } yet we fee that it doth. As hard it is to find the true
proportion between a Circle and a Triangle, yet that there is a
juft proportion ; and that they may be equal, Arckintitles hath left us
an ingenious demonitrat ion .- but in reducing it to a Probleme, it fail-
eth in this , That becaufe the proportion betweene a crooked line and
aftaightofleisnotknown, one muft make ufe of a mechanical way
ofmeafuring the Petipherie of the one* to convert it into toe fide of
thf other. thofc
i 48 Sir Kcnhelm Digby to Sir Edward Stradling.
Thefe two thefrft and /aft proportions are.
What I have already (aid concerning a Circle and a Triangle, doth
fufficiently unfold what is meant in this verfe ; yet it will not be amifle
to fpeak one word more hereof in this place, All things that have ex-
iftence may be divided into three Gaffes ; which are, either what is
pure and fimple in it felf, or what hath a nature compounded of what
is fimple, or what hath a nature compounded owhat is compounded.
In continued quantity this may be exemplified by a point, a line, and
a fuperficies, or body - y and in numbers by an Unity, a Denary, and a
Centenary. The firft,which is onely pure and fingle, like an indivifible
point, or an Unity, hath relation onely to the Divine Nature ; that
point then moving in a fphericall manner (which ferveth to exprefs the
perfections of Gods actions) defcribeth the circle of our foals, and of
Angels, and of intellectual Jubilances, which are of a pure and fimple
nature j btt recciveth that from what is fo in a perfe&er manner, and
that hath his from none elfe : like lines that are made from the flow-
ing of points, ordenaries that are compofed of unities, beyond both
which there is nothing.
In the laft place bodies are to be ranked, which are compofed of
the Elements, and they likewife fuffer composition, and may very well
be compared to the loweft of figures which are compofed of lines, that
owe their being to points (and fuch are Triangles) ; or to Centenaries,
that are compofed of Denaries, and they of Unites: but if wee will
compare thefe together by proportion, God muft be left out, fincc
there is an iarmite diftance between the fimplicity and perfection of his
nature,and the competition and imperfection of all created fubitances,
as there is between an indivifible point and a continuafe quantity ; or
between a fimple unity, and compounded number : fo that onely the
other two kindes of fubftances do enter into this confederation ,
and ef them I havt already proved, that mans foule is of the one the
nobleft, being dignified by Hypoftaticall union above ail other intel-
lectual fubftances, and hiselementated body of the other , the moft
low and corruptible ; whereby it is evident , that thefe two are the
firft and laft proportionsboth in refpect of their owne figure , and of
what they exprefle.
The one imperft ft, mortal, feminine,
Tk'oth'r immortal Jerfettjnafculixe.
Mans body hath all the properties of imperfedt matter , it is but
the patient , of it felf alone it can doe nothing , it is lyablc to corrup-
tion and diflblution if it once be deprived of the forme , which
aduateth it felfe , and ii incorruptible and immortal. ,
And
Sir Kcnhelm Digby to Sir Edward Scradling. * 49
And-as the feminine fcx is imperfect, and recciveth perfection from
the mafculine, fo doth the body from the foui, which to it is in lien
of a Male ; and as in corporall generations the Female doth afford
but groflcand paffive matter, unto which the Male giveth adivc
heat and prolirkall vcrtue ; fo in fpirituall generations, ( which are
the operations of the Mind) the body adminiftreth only the Organs,
which if they were not imployed by the Soul , would of themfelves
ferve Co nothing. And as there is a mntuall appetence between the
male and the female, between matter ind form, fo there is between
the body and foul of a man; but what ligament they have, that our
Author defjneth not; (and perad venture Reafon is not able to at-
taine unto it) yet he telleth us what is the Foundation that this M-
chine refteth upon , and what kecpcth the Parti together, in thefe
words :
And 'tvrixt them both A guadrtt was tke bafe.
By which Quadrat, I conceive, that he meaneth the four principall
humours in mans body, to wit, Cooler, Blood, Flegme and Melancho-
ly ; which if they be diftempered and unfitly mingled , the dilu-
tion of the whole doth enfue j like to a building, which falleth to ru-
inc if the Foundation or Bafe of it be unfound or difordcrcd : and in
fomeof thefe the vitall fpirits are contained and preferved, which the
other do keep in a convenient temper ; and as long as they do fo, the
foui and the body dwell together like good friends : So that thefe
four are the Bafe of the conjunction of the other two ; both which hce
faith, are
'Proportion W equally by Seven and Nine.
In which words, 1 understand, that hee meaneth the influences of
the fuperior fubftancct, which govern the inferiour into thefe two dif-
fering parts of man, to wit, of the Stars (themoft powerfutl of which
are the feven Planets) into his body ; and of the Angels (which are
divided into nine Hierarchies or Orders) into the foul, which in his
Aftrophei he faith, is
By Soveraign choice from the Heavenly Quires feleft,
And lineally dem id from Angels race.
And as much as the one do govern the body, fo much the other
dp the raindc : wherein it is to be confidered, that fomc arc of opi-
nion, how at the inftant of the conception of a child, or rather, more
effectually at the inftant of his birth , the conceived Sperme,
or the tender body doth receive fiich influence of the heavens as
then reigneth over that place where the conception or birth is
made ; and all the Starrs and virtuall places of the Cckftiail Orbs
It k partici-
2JO Sir Kenhclm Digby t* Sir Edward Stradling.
participating of the qualities of the feven planets; according to the
which they are dtftributed into fo many Claffcs, or the compounds of
thern,itcometh to pafie that according to the variety of the feveral
afpeSs of the one and of the other, thereare various inclinations and
qualities in mens bodies , but all reduced to feven general heads , and
the Compounds of them ; which being to be varied innumerable
waies, caufeth as many different effects , yet the influence of fome
one planet continually predominating: but when the matter in the
woman* womb is capable of a foule to informe it , then God fendeth
one from heaven into it.
Eternal Ged.
In Paradife vehilomc didfUnt thitfiewer,
whence he it fetcht out of her native p/ace,
tsfnd did in flock^ of carthlj flefb enrace.
And this opinion the Author exprefieth himfelf more plainely to be
of,in another work,where he faith,
There Shee hekolds with high afpiring thought,
The (Cradle of her ovene Creation,
Amonrft the feats of Angels, heavenly wrought.
Which whether it hath been created ever fince the beginning f
the world , and referved in fome fit place until due time , or
be created upon the Emergent, occalion no man can tell; but cer-
tainc it is , that it is immortal , according to that I faid when I
fpake of the Circle,which hath no ending, and an unccrtaine begin-
ning.
The tneflengers to convey which foule into the body , are the In-
telligenccs that move the Orbs of heaven , who according to their
Several natures do communicate unto it feveral proprieties , and they
who are governors of thofe Stars that have at that inftant , the fu pe-
riority in the Planetary afpefts; whereby it cometh to palTe that in til
inclinations, there is much affinity betweene the foule and the body,
being that the like is between the Intelligences and the Stars , both
which communicate their vertues to each of them. And thcfc An-
gelsbeing,as I faid before , of nine feverall Hierarchies , there arc fo
many principal differences in humane fouls, which doe participate
moft of their proprieties with whom in theit defcent they make longeft
ftay , and that had mod adive power to work upon them, and ac-
companied them with a peculiar Genlw t which is according to their
feveral governments like the fame kind of water that running through
various conduits t wherein feveral aromatical and odoriferous things
tre laid, doth acquire fevcral kinds of tafte and fmeils; for k is fuppo-
fed,
Jir Kenhclm Digby t$ Sir Edward Stradling. a 5 t
fed, that in their fit ft Creation all (bales are alike , and that their
differing pro prieteii arrive unto them afterwards , when they paffe
through the fpheers of the governing Intelligences^ chat by fuch their
Influence it may truly be faid,
Nine Was the Circle fet in heavens f lace*
Which verfe by affigning his office to the nine, and the proper
place of the Circle, doch give much light to what is faid before.
And for further confirmation that this is he Authors opinion, read
attentively the fixth Canto of the third bookc , where moft learnedly
and at large , he delivereth the Tenets of this Philosophy ; and of
that, I recommend to you to take particular notice of the fecond, and
thirty fecond Stanzacs, and alfo of the laft ftaffe of his Epithttamirtrn;
and furvey ing his workes ,you (hall find him a conftant difctple of P la-
All which comfatted.mtde a goodly DUfafe.
In nature there is not to be found a more complete and more excel-
lent concordance of all parts, then that which is betweene the compa-
ction and uniting together of the body and foul of man , both which
although they confift of many and moft differing faculties and parts,
do altogether make
and as the nature of
and accords ) is
to mingle with one another , and to flide into the care with much
fweetneffe , where by thrir unity they laft a long time , and delight it;
whereas on the contrary fide, difcordsdo continually jar , and fight
together , and wil nr-t mingle with one another, but all of them ftri*
ving to have the vidorie , their feludation and diforder gjveth a
foone end to their founds,which ftrike the eare -n aharfli and effenfive
manner, and they die in the very beginning of their conflict. In like
fort, when a mans actions are regular, and that being directed towards
God, they become like the lines o^'a Circle which all meet in the
Center, then his mufick is excellent and complete, and all together,
are the Authors of that ble (Ted harmony which maketh himhapyy in
the glorious vifion of Gods perfc&ions,wherein the mind is filled with
high knowledges and moft plcaling contemplations, and the fenfes
are as it were drowned with eternal delight and nothing can inter-
rupt this joy .this happinefTe which is an everUftinf? Diapafe : where-
as on the contrary part, if a mans aftions be diforderly and confiding;
of dKcord, which is when the fcnfitive part rebellcth and wraftleth with
thcrational, and ftriveth to opprcffe it , then thts Mufick is fpoiled
andinfteadofeietnallife, plcafure, and joy, it wufeth perpetual
Kk2 death
a 5 > 5/rKcnhclm Digby w S/> Edward Stradling.
death, horrour, painc, and raiCery , which unfortunate eftatc the
Poet defcribeth elfewhere, as in the conclufion of this ftaffe he
intimateth. The other happy one, which is the never failing re-
ward of fuch an obedient body , and ethenal and vertuous mind ,
as he maketh to be the feat of the bright Virgin Alma , mans
worthyeft inhabitant , Reafon; her I fecle to fpeak within me,
and to chide me for my bold attempt, warning me to ftray no further :
for what I have faid , (confidering how weakly it is faid) your Com-
mandment is all that I can pretend in excufe ; but fince my defire to
obey may as wel be fecne in a few lines , as in a large difcourfe,it were
indifcretion in me to trouble you with more words.and to difcover un-
to you more of my ignorance. I wil only beg pardon of you for this
blotted and interlyned paper, whofe contents are fo rneane, that it
cann ot deferve the pains of a tranfcription , which if you make diffi-
cultie to grant unto it for my fake, let it obtaine it for having beene
yours, and now returning againe to you, as alfo doth the boojtc that
contai'neth my text which yefterday you fent me , to fit this part of it
with a Comment: which peradventure I might have performed better,
rf either I had afforded my felfe more time , or had had the conveni-
ence of fome other books apt to quicken my invention, to whom I
might have been beholding, for enlarging my underflanding in fome
things that are treated here, although the application ftiould ftil have
been my own; with thefe two helps , peradventure I might have di
vcd farther into the Authors intention , the depth of which cannot be
founded by any that is leffe learned then he was. But I perfwade my
felfc very ftrongly, that is what I have faid, there is nothing contra-
diftoric to it ; and that an intelligent and well read man , proceeding
npon my grmmds,might compofe a worthy and true Commentary up-
on this Theame ; upon which,! wonder how I (tumbled, confidering
how many learned men have failed in the interpreting ef it, and have
all approved my opinion at the firft hearing it: but it was fortune that
made me to light upon it, when firft this Stanza was read unto me for
an nndiflblublc riddle : and the fame difcourfe that I made upon it,thc
firft halfe quarter of an houre that I faw it , I fend it you here , with-
out having reduced it to any better forme, or added any thing at all
unto it; which I befeeeh you receive bcnignely,as coming from
YourMoft affectionate Friend and humbleServant ,
Kenhclm Digby.
2,53
UA^er GAfgrAve td the LordDt
Y very good Lord, I have heretofore many times both fent
L and written to you touching the infupportablc burden of wrong
which hath many years laine upon my (houlders,but you were not plea-
fed to returne me any anfwer for my fatisfadion therein : my opinion
at the firft, was,that it was meerly the refped of fome , whom you
would not,or might not offend, that you fuffered your name to be ufed
by others to wound and afflid me in my eftate: to which fo fair an opi-
nion, I was induced partly by ancient Judgment of your honourable
difpofition , partly and much rather by the privity of my heart, which
ever conftantly affededagood correfpondency with you every way.
But fince now this opprefiion which I fuffer, hath had its continuance
fo many years without relaxation , in which I fmart beyond all exam-
ple, and the admiration of the world hath concurred with my fenfe of
fo great a bitternefle from fo neere Allies ; I cannot but to my griefe
and wonder obferve your too much either eonfent or connivency to*
thefe my harms , which before I have not eafily fuffered my thoughts
to admit ; wherein if I have not mi (Taken your Lordihips intercft , I
have yet conceived hope, that although you had in the beginning a
juft ground to make me feele the weight of your difpleafure and alie-
nation from me , yet that the fufferance of fo many years, and fuch a
fufferance under pretence of Juftice,as can hardly 6e paralleled, might
yet at the Iaft,have fatiated a very deeply intended revenge , much
more fatisfted a moderate mind poflefled with Honour or Religion,as
I conceive your Lordlhips to be. Herein, after a various agitation in
my felfe f I am enforced to honour the wonderful providence of God,
who hath pleafed to convert the affinity which I affeded with your
Noble houfe,for my comfort and afliftance, to my ruine- and that in
thcbofomeofourneereft anddeareft friendship, (hould breed fo in- ,
teftine a hatred , as (hould tend to the overthrow of my credit,wealth,
lands,liberty,houfe, wife,and children, and all thofe comforts which
(hould either fupport or fweeten the life of man.
Wherefore I have adventured after fo long filence t to mindc
your Lordftiipof this ray unfortunate eftate. wherein I rather die then
live, whereuntol have been fo lone iince precipitated by vour Lori-
ftiips countenance, as I hope,pretended only by thcinftruments of my
mifchiefeto proceede from you; that if now your Lordihip (hall
think it enough that I have fo many years , fo many waies endured
At
A Declaratit* o/Ferdinand Infant*
thecrofles of fo high a nature, and can be induced to affeA a repara-
tion or atlcaft a determination of thofe injuries which undefervedly
have' been heaped upon me, I may yet at length conclude this Tragedy
of my life paft with fome comfortable fruit of that love andkindnefle
which at the firft I aimed at in fcekmg your Lordftips Alliance , and
which I endeavoured to deferve for the continuance, and which after
fo long intermiffion, I (hall think my felf happy to enjoy, if fo be your
Lord(hip (bailout of your charitable confederation think my motion
to concur with my defire that I may not be intorced to advance my
complaint farther, which I wifh may be prevented by this my Exjx>
ftulation, fpringing from the fenfc of fo great and intolerable a mifery
wherein I Iangui(h every day.
A Declaration 0/Ferdinand infanta of S fain. 5 July,
Unto ^11 thofe to fvlaom this prefect Writ'-ng /hall come^ greeting.
F Ranee having contrary to reafon and juftice moved and maintained
War in the States of the Emperor, and of my Lord theKng, gi-
ven extraordinary Succours both of men and money, to their rebelli-
ons fubje&s ; procured the Swedes to invade the Empire, received and
bought of them the towns of Aifatia, and other hereditary Countries
of our moft Royall Houfe, not fparing the Catholiik League it felf,
which had taken Arms for no other end but for the good of Religion.
And it being notorious, that the fame France, (after all thefe publick
and manifeff contraventions to the Treaties of Peace) hath finally pro-
ceeded to a breach thereof : whereas we rather had caufe to denounce
the War, in that (he hath fent her Armies to over-run the Low Coun-
tries, the Dutchie of MUlain, and other Feoffs of the Empire in Ita-
ly* and now lately the Country of Burgundy ; contrary to the Lawcs
of Neutrality, contrary to the Publick Faith, and contrary to the ex-
.prefle promifes of the Prince of Conde : Difguifing in the mean time,
thefe attempts and breaches of Faith before all Chriftendome, with
certain weak pretexts and falfe furmifes, contained in divers Declara-
tions, approved in the Parliament of France ; and accompanying all
thcfc unjuft proceedings with fundry Infolencies, Calumnicaand Con-
tempts of facred perfont. And having alfo obferved, that this fo long
continence of ours at fo manifold injuries hath ferved to no other pur-
pofe, but to make our enemies more audacious and infolent, and that
the companion we have had of fr*mt bath drawn on the rumc of thofe
whom
' ' Jt Btclaratiwjf Ferdinand Infanta of S fain.
whom (jod had put under the obedience of their Majefties : For thefc
confiderations, according to the power which we have received from
his Impcriall Majeftie, we have commanded our Armies to enter into
France, with no other purpofe then to oblige the King of France to
come to a good & fecure Peace,for removing thofc impediments,which
may hinder this fo great a-good. And for as much as it principally con-
cerneth France to give end to thcfe difordcts, we are willing to believe
that all the fiftates of that Kingdome will contribute not only their
remonftrances, but alfo if need be, their forces to difpofe their King to
Chaftife thofe who have been the Authors of all thefe Warrs , which
thefe feven or eight years paft have beene in Chriftendome ; and who
after they have provoked and afTayled all their neighbours,have brought
upon France all thofe evils which (he doth now fuffer , and draw on
her thofe other which do now threaten her. And although we are well
informed of the weakneffe and (Jevifions, into which chele great difor-
dersand evil counfels h ave caft her ; yet we declare, that the intenti-
ons of their Maft jetties, are not to ferve themfelves of thisoccafion to
ruine iier, or to draw from thence any other profit,then by that means
to work a Peace in Chriitendom, which may be ftableand permanent.
For thefe reafons, and withal to (hew what Eftimation their Maje-
fties do make of the prayers of the Queene Mother of the moll
Chriftian King, wee doe give to ufiderftand, that we wil protect and
treat as friends all thofe of the French Nation , who either joyntly or
fcverally (hall fecond thefe our good deficnes; and have given Order
that Neutrality fhal be held with thofe ofthe Nobility, and with the
Townes which ftial defire it , and which fhal refufc to affift thofe who
fhal oppofe the good of Chriftendome, and their own fafety againft
whom fhall be ufcd all manner of hoftility.w ithout giving quarter to
their perfons ,or fparing either their houfes or goods. And our fur-
ther wil is,that all men take notice that it is the refolution of their Ma-
jefties not to lay down Arms,til the Queene Mother ofthe moft Chri-
ftian King be fatisfied and contented,til the Princes,unjuftly driven out
of their cftates,be reftored;& til they fee the affurances of peace more
certain then to bedifturbed by him who hath violated the treaties of
R*tisbone& others made before.and fithence he hath had the managing
ofthe affairs of Franc ^.Neither do we pretend to draw any other ad-
vantage from the good fucceffe , which it fhal pleafeGod to give unto
our juti profecutions,thcn to preferve & augment the Catholick Religi-
on, to pacific uropej.o relieve the oppreffed, and to reftorc to every
one that which of right belonged! unto him.
Give n at Ments, the fifth
,/jBly. 1636. FINIS,
An Alphabcticall Table of the moft
Remarkable Things.
A Gnus Dei 38
Aichimie 75
Alcho ran falfe, becaufe ttot to be
difpHted 194
Alfonf. d'Efte turns Capuchin.2^
Ancre Marquefe -would get tht
Dutchy of Alanfon and Confla-
bles Office into his hands jn arere
to theCroven of France for 80000
founds 19$
Anderfon Edmund 73
Anne of Bullen Queen of England
fues to King Henry jhat her ene-
mies may not be her accufers and
fudges , protefts her innocence,
declares the caufe of the King*
change, begs the lives of her bro-
ther, and the other Gentlemen,
9, 10
Archbifaf of Dublin affronted bj
the Friars 24 1
130,132,138,
139
114
B.
Bacon Sir Nicholas, Lord Keefer,
69. Antony & Francis friends
to the Sari a/EfTcx,}!. Francis
after Lord Verulamj& Vifcotmt
St. Albtn, his di(courfes to the
Sari concerning Ireland, 42,43 ,
&c . concerning Tyrone,44. his
huge opinion of the Earl of Ejfex
45 46 47. againfl the Subfidit
in ParLiAmtnt^ovn,')^ 68. makes
vfayes to get into King James his
favour, 56 58. txpoftulates
*>ith, and advices Sir Edward
Cook 6061. txpoftulates with
Sir Vincent Skinner 66. would
be Sollicitor 686971. his good
fervicestothe Croven ']^
*SV*Bodley Sir Thomas.
Balfac impudently abufeth King
James and. ^.Elizabeth, 198,
199. flatters the French King
groflj 2O6 2O I
Barbarians of old placed juftice and
felicity in the fiarpnejfc of their
fwords 47
Bavaria Duke I inked with theHoujc
of Auftria 135. defigncd E le-
ft or of Rhine 113. Jtifcth part
of the P alatinate 131
Bevayr Chancellour cf France dif-
chtrged^ complains to the King
of the government ,i 93 194 195
196- Commanded to difcharge
an. account for 80000 li. 195. ha
tto other fault, but that he is an
Ttorr^tMtt 196
Bifhops, in VffhAt manner parts of
the Commonwealth 5. fttbmit-
ted to Kings 6. chief againft
the Mafs 23 3 . too remifs 1 8 5
L 1 Bodley
An Alphabetical Table of the moft remarkable Things
Bodeley Sir Thomas againfl Sir
Francis Bacons new Philofiphie
7475 76. For ff tied opinions
andTheiremes 7 6 77 7$
Bouillon #**e ._ 37 198
Briftol Earl, See Digby Lord.
Brograve Attmnej ofthr DMfa
69
Broke George 79 So
Brunfoic fhrifti** Z>5% J 4$
Buckingham Dukechofen Chancel-
lor ofCambridg 213. unkindnefs
between him 4nd ftriftcl, I $ l
*nd Olivarez, ib.d. murthcred
220. See Charles King.
Burleigb Lord for Kings, and a-
gainfl ufurpation
Caectl Sir Robert after EartvfS*-
lisbury. in France 36. * friend
to Sir Francis Bacon 69 70
Czfar d*Eftc Du. <fModen* 243
Calvinifts dangerous 1 1 2
Cambrtdg, differences betivixt the
Town and Univerjitj 223
CarEarlofSomerfet " 86
Carlo Don In fant of Spain 1 26
Carlo Alcflandro ofModena 243
Carlcon Sir Dudley Embafadonr
int'e Low Countries 1 4 5
Caron &> Noel Ertobaffadfotr in
England fr.tb the Low "Cwn-
triet 92 93
Caffal S. Vas bektgtitred by the
Spaniard
Canfes of c
/4fiFi<? 38
Charles AT'j /* Sritnii*, in
gtgewent of kit pfrfan in Spain
'taftft *hj tilings Wrtm tfrrj-
d on to tlte height 151
See Gregory P pe
His fieij and care tward the
Hugonots of France 206. <r-
Ifyolpteiiptl hj them after the
loffc ofRochel io8 209. his opi
nion ofth? Duke of Buckingham
214215. A great lover f the
V '/liver fitj / 'Cambridg^ 220
22 3 . V* 1 /// rule according to the
Laws, wit give the Judgts have
to deliver and bailprifoners ac-
cording to LMagna Charta and
the Statutes, 23 1 . forbids he.ir*
ing rfMafs 232. careful to fffoi
out Pafifry in Ireland 242.
commands the houfe in Dublin to
be pulled down where the Friars
Appeared in their habits 241
Charles the Fifth 145
Charch Orders bj K. James, 193
ufgn^land, its fervice damnable
by the Popes decret 40
lergy V?hc re punifhed 6
Clevts and Julicrs pretended to ,
124
Clifford Sir Coniers 42
Ooeut Marfnes 240
Coke Sir Edward difgraces Sir
Francis Bacon 60. defcribed
62 63
Colledg of Dublin 52
Co'omma Don Carlo 172
Commiffion forth Deputies place
tf Inland n. for delivery of
nion of the Kingdoms ji
Comic Prince 204 254
Conference not to be forced 5 1
Confederations touching thtfervicc
in Ireland 49 50
AirAlphabetkall Tabk of themoft remarkable things.
Conftable of Fra*e*,thc Office in- \ forts the Lady Morris 10 n
tended to be taken away by Henry her care for Ireland 5 1650.
caft not off her creatures (lightly,
3 * &}<flions the ZarlofEtfeTL
in the Star Chamber unfittingly
and forced }2 gj. Her Govern-
ment in things Eccleftaflical t fae
will not force mcns confciencet ,
38 39 40. her dealing with Pa-
pijif 39 SV<r Walfingham Sir
Francis. Giv esjiipends t9 prea-
chers $2
Eflex Earlc, a Uvtr of Secretary
Davifon 20 21, &c. would
bring him again into favour^ ^ \
2 5 . write s to King James in hu
defence 2J. to the Queen ,being
leffe graced and dif contented, 2%
26. W*7/ not approve the Chan-
cellors advice , 29. fuddenlj be-
fore his Rebellion^ Religious 35
the great 195
Cornwaliis Sir Charles Embaffa-
dour in Spaine 95
Cottington Sir Francis,</hrr Z<?r^
130
Critory Secretary f France 38
Cuftome ofSptin to give notice of
viftts 1 2O
Danifh King 95 148 149
Daversr^ 253
Davifon Secretary in difgrace 22
See Eflex *r/.
Defiance to the Empcrotr Maxt-
milian/rt/w theGrandSeignisttr
12
Deputy o/ Ireland his power 1314
Dcfmond *r/ difemb/es dutiful-
nefe 18. hi* Rebellion 45
Digby ZW x/f?r 4r/.c/ ^r#0/,
concerning the
Match, 1 17118 1 119120 121,
^^. *.e*tousfor it, 1 3 8 1 3 9 1 40
. 142
> Kenhelm 240 244.
Jw Fairy Qaeen.
Directions for preaching
Difcipline, See Presbytery.
Difloyalty, the doom of it feldome
adjourned to the next vsorld y 46
Egerton Sir Thomas Lord llef-
mere and Lord Chancellour, 4
friend to the Earl of $ex 27 87
to Sir Francis Bacon 71 fuet
to be difcharged 87 8889
Elizabeth guttn of England con^.
Fairy Queen, the 2a d ^^Jr of the
ninth Cants of the fecond Booke
difcottrfed of by Sir Kenhclni
Digby 244 &c
Faulkland Vifcottnt L*rd Deputy
of Ireland 235236. petitions
the King for his f on imprifonedin
the Fleet 242
Ferdinand the fecond wit not rejtore
the Palatine 1 1 2 113 Sec. aims
to fettle the Empire perpetually
in the houfe ofAuftriaj 1 3 . abu*
(es K. James, 113 1 1 5; 1 16 146
his Armies in Italy 1 3 4 2 3 $
Ferdinand Infanta of Spain 254
Fcria i>*4* i r
Fitzwilliams Sir William 42
LI; Frederic
AnAIphabcticall Table of the moft remarkable thingr.
Frederic father 1 23 TorJ^in defence of ku titte, Caput
Frederic the id Palatine 146 Ecclefiae I 2 3 4 5 &c.
147 Henry the 4 of France 36
Heflcn Landgrave Philip 145
Homily bookes 184
Hoskins Sir Thomas 59
Hugonots of France acknowledge
many obligations to Charles
Frederic t he fifth, driven out of hit
eft ate* 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 1 6 will not quit
the electorate mr fubnrit itfjet
198
French, the eft ate of things *in the
Minority of Lewis the thir-
teenth 195. authority of the
French King ibid.
French Kings revcrinfe the exhor-
tations of Popes M much as the
Commands of God 213
Gabor Bethlcm Print e ofTranfyl-
vania 113 146
Gage imployed at Rome 129130
Giron Don Hernando 130
Gondomar Conde 130
Gregory the \ 5 put s the Inquiji-
tor (jenerall of Spain upon it to
gaine the Prince of Wales to the
Church of Rome, fear.full of hi*
ft*y in the Spanijb Court 2IO
unreasonable in the bufinefte of
the dispensation '130
GroiSlarC Claude Prefident of tie
Parliament of Rhoan 36
Guife Duke 240
H
Hereticks abufe Scripture
Hall Bi/hop of Exceter 229
Harrington Sir Henry 18
Heidelberg taken by the Spaniards
127
Henry the 8 mitts to tbt C^U c f
King of great Britain 204 205
Persecuted 205 206
I
acynchus father 1 09 1 1 2
agerndorf, Brandenburg r Mar-
qtteffe John Georg 1 1(,
ames King of great Britain defen-
ded 59. will take care of London
8 1 yeelds up Vlufblng &c. 94 95
his faireneffe te the Spanijh King
I GO to i. rtill not make Cam-
bridge a City, his care of the V-
niverfity 105. Indeavours to ap-
pea[e the 'Bohemian tumults 1 1 3
Offers 'Conditions to the Empe-
rour on the behalfe of the Pala-
tine 114. his Proportions to the
Palatine 143 14^. acknowledged
Prctdiourof the Germane Pro-
teftantsiqy.bis direction s con-
cerning Preachers 183. makes
Romane Martyrs 199
Janin Prefifant of the Parliament
of Part* 195
Infantafque Duke 98
Inquifition of Spaine 97
Inftrudions to Sir John Perot De-
pur j of Ireland
15 16
2; Ki*r Charles for iht Vniver.
ftty ofCambridg 227
Ireland in what condition in Sir
John
-An Alphabcticall Table of the moft remarkable things.
Jotrh Perots time 16 17 18
'In the beginning of King Charles
235^36237238 2 3?
Iriftl delight in change \-j.barharous
46.mftrder, theft &C. lega/1 with
them 51. renegadoet in Spaine
100 101
Ifabella Clara Eugenia Infama of
Spat*
izj 128
Ifabella Infanta of Savoy 243
Ifidorc SpaniJJj Saint 125 126
Italians dangerous to Franca 195
Juftinian made Lawcs concerning
the Clergy 5
K
Kings, no man above them 6. like th;
Sun 36. of France and Spaine
198
Lady oft^fntitch^a
125
Lawes of England moft jealotu fo
thefafety of her Kings 85
Leicefter Earle out of favour ;
religion*
Lefturers dangerous 186
Lerma Duks if the life of Phil.
third moves the Spanifb
117 &c. 121
Lincoln Biftop Lord Keeper 190
. Lifle Vifcount after Earle of Lei-
-ouvrc o/ France the prifon of her
King
-ow Countries
Luenza Don John
M
Vtac Frogh Phelim
Vlagick
Magog a renegado Irij
of thirteen murders
Manchefter Earle
Manheim befteged
Vlansrteld Count
194
149
75
101
22)
127
131
Loines denyed the King 182
London fometime the chamber of her
Kings 81 j
Louis tbt thirteenth in his minority
124 &c. enter* Rochet 203. feel
Maried men fevexyeares olier tht
firjiday 71
Mantua Duke 204 234. defended by
the French and Venetians 239
Maria Donna Infanta of Spaine
126133 134. deferved vpttt of the
Prince of IV ales 140
Gives over learning Engli/h 151
March with France 117 118. vtith
Spaine 117 118 119 no 12 1
122 123. never intended by the
Spaniards 133
Mathews Sir Toby 67
May *> Humphrey 226
Merchants in Spaine^ fee Spaniards
Merit ^ worthier then fame 47
Monmorencic 'Duke 195
Monpenficr Z)* 35
Montauban in rebellion 204
Monteri Spani/kEmbafadourZiQ
Mountjoyc Lord, after Earle of
Devon 3536
Munfter in Ireland marked for the
Spanifk invafiont j j
LNevers-
\
An Alphabetical table of the tnoft remarkable thingj.
Pcrroc Sir John Deputy of Ireland
N
Severs Z>*r , fit Mantua Duke,
Ncwburgh/M* *47
Norfolk Dukefues to the gu(e
for his life.
Norris Sir Thomas,i7- Sir John
42. Sir Francis
Northumberland Earl 5 8, 5 9
Nottingham fiuntefs
O
Oath of Supremacyjtohy urged 39
Odonnel 44
Ognatc Sfanijk mba$adour at
Rome 240
Oleron Hand 23
Olivarcz Conde 130131139
Contrives to compofe thePalatine
differences without the Match
135
Qifatfubmitting theTown o/Cam
bridge to the Univerjttj . 223
See Charles King
Ordination ofPriefts^ &c. how t
be
Ormond Earl
187
42444
125 I2tf
Palatinate a motive of the Spanij
match 129134. Without which
tht Kings of England mil do
nothing 136138141143151.
Difmembrtd 147
Parliaments tumultuous 229 23 Q
Paftrana D*ke 141
Patent for ^the Admiraltj of Ire-
land 90
Perez Don Antonio Secretary to
Philip tht Second "/Spain l oo
H care of that Kingdoms
17
Philip the Second of Spain trtnf-
plants Whole Families of the P or-
tugefe J i
Philip the Third of Spain upon hit
death-bed I2$,&c.
Philips Sir Robert 155. Francis
his brother ibid.
Phyfick modern 75
Pius Quintus hu Excommunicati-
on of the j%uecn, becaufe of the
Rebellion in the North 3 9
Polander defeats the Turfy 198
Pope not more holy then *S*.Pcter, 8
Tyranny of Popes |9
Powder plot 57
Pretence of conference 58
Vrettbcrs, Licences to preach 183
*Direttionsfor preaching 1 8 4
Presbytery at mifchievour t* pri*.
vate men as to Princes, 4 1 .
See Puritans.
Priefthood/w to be honoured 4 5
Prince* to be obeyed, and bj vhom,
ibid, by Chrifts La* 7. Supreme
Heads 5. Driven out> muft not
give their Ufurpers too long time
to tftablifl) them/elves 1 47
Privy Seal for tranfporting ofHorfe
^\^
Puritans in the time of jQueen Eli*
zabeth 40. Would bring Demo*
cracie into the Church , promife
impojfifa venders of the 'Difei-
pline 41. Fierj, Rebellious ) con*
temu theMagifratej\n&.Feartd 9
Qgftdri-
" Aji Alphabetical Table of the rnoft remarkable things.
Quadrivialf
75
R
Ranelagb in Ireland 237
Rawleigh Sir Walter 85,86
Ree Hand 203
Rich Bannnefsfptrt<iE.ttcJi t writcs
to the dijkonwr of the guetnand
Advantage of the Earl 3 i
Richardfon Chief ^uflice of the
Bench 228
Richer forced 'fy Rtchlieu, recants
kit opinions againft the PapalSu-
premacy over Kitgt 1 96
Richlieu Cardinal great ij fo/ici-
tons for the Eflgltjk Romane Ca~
r * tholicks 197
Rochcl 200. in What condition at
the furrender 202 ^03. Fifteen
thotifand dye of the famine ibid,
Rohan Dtttchefsin Rochcl during
the ftege 202. Duk: 2042106
208 i \ o
Romifh Triefrsftdurt the Jifbjf^f
from their obidititce, their prxtti-
ces Againft the lueens facred
ftrfon 3940
Roman C'ttholirk* fa* to King
James at his entrance for tolera-
tion 8283. great lovers of hint,
the tnly g od fubjetts (jvitnefs
the Mine then f lotted) 82 their
Religion upon their own words 8$
84
Raffel Sir WiHUm 237
Ruthuen, after L >rd Ruchuen ttn -
Itandfomely MJed by the Earl of
Northumberland 106 107
St. John Oliver againft Taxes eon'
trarj to Magna Cnarca , &c.
would not have Oathes violated
inwhich the divine dfajefy is
invoeated,fearful of the &>4rch-
Bifapi Excommttnicatisn 160
Saxonie Elettor 114
Scandal what 97
Scriptures how to be expounded 2 3
Seminaries bbffom 39 in IrcUnd
feditious, appear in their habits
240241
Scrita Don John 1:5
Sin immortal to refpett any of the
English hnrch IOI
Soutiiampton Earl 58
Spaniards defigne upon Ireland 1 7
fpM bafe Bolognc, 37. lofe their
dpoftlcs y 47 . wrong and opprrfs
the Englijh Merchant^ 97 98
99 IDI 103. fttits in 'Spain UP*
mortal, ibid, give pen/ions t<) the
Irifbrenegadocs, 100 IOI.
reafonahlg in the bufinefe of the
<JM<ttch, 1^7137146. frvear
and damn themielv^^ yet never
intended it 1.3 z &C. their nn-
Vvorthj freights t ; make K J^mes
jealous of the Prince and others,
152153- oppofe t he rights and
fticcejfionofthe Duke of Never s
lofe their filver Fleet , /> ->w, 240
Spencer Ed.inmd,/tv Fatry Queen
hi* worth and Learning^ -tf 2 5 1
Spinola Afjrqtttfs 198 199
Spiritualia how to be takfn 5 6
Stanley Sir William 1 8
Supcrfti-
An Alphabetical Table of the moft remarkable Things,
Superftition Worfe then i
160
Supreme Head the Kings Title,
r.2, &c. 39
Tilly Count 1 3 l
Toirax governor of the Fort in the
J/eof&ec i-Ol
Toledo Cardinal 1 23
Toleration of Religion in Ireland
necefary . 5 2
Treafon of the Papifts in the clouds
40 cannot beget fvir jrajjions 86
Treaty with Tyrone 43 44- f
Bruxels 127128
Trimouille Duke 17
Turks againfl the Tander 1 98
Tyrone
Valette Cardinal
43 44 10 1
197
Venetians/^ with the Mantouan
239 240
Villeroye Secretary of France 195
Urban the Sight encourages Louis
the Thirteenth to fall upon the
Hugonots, 211 212- againfl the
Spaniards 24
Ufurpers exhalations 3 7
W
Wallop Sir Henry * >//
the Queen 19
Walfingham Sir Francis his rea-
fons fvhj the gttetne fomctiwes
rejtrains and f unifies the Puri-
tans 38
Warham Archbifoof of Canterbu-
ry 98
Warrants of the Queen to the Ltrds
of Ireland, at the going over of
Sir John Perot 14 jj
Wefton Sir Ridhard Chancellour
of the Exchequer^ after L. Trea-
furer, and Earl of Portland. 128
Wilks Sir Thomas 3637
90
189
Willoughby Lord,
Wincheiter Bifiop
Words are to he conjlrned to make
truth
Y.
Yelverton Sir Henry cenfured in
the Star chamber^ 107 108 109
Ynoiofa Marqueffe, 152. his bafe
carriage to King Ja mes 1^3
2.
Zunigc Don Balthazar 109112,
VvA^. &c. 130
FINIS.
-id " --r
c WiHitm Lit.
Books Printed for J
REforts of certtiu Ctfes , Arifinginthc fcveral Courts of Re-
cords at VVtftminfter^ in the Reigns of Queen El&abetk , King
fmts , and the late King Charles ; with the refolucions of the
Judges of the faid Courts, upon debate, andfoleran Arguments.
Collected and lately reviewed by Juftice </<fc#<7# 5 in Quarto.
The Touchft one of common Affurances^ by William Shcpptrd Eiquirc ; in
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The Vehole office of a Cottntrey fyftice of7>eaee, both in Seflions, and out
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miniftration of Juftice, with feveral Ordinances of the like con-
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A General T*b/e, to all the feveral Books of the Reports of the Lord
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The new Nttttra Brevium 9 of the Reverend Judge Mr. Antho. Fif&
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The Grounds *nd Maxims of the Lawes of England, by William Noy
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being the manner of proceedings in all
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De.Prifcu Axglorum Legibtu, being the ancient Lawes of England, in
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Reports, and <P lets of Aflifa At Turk.* held before feveral Judges in that
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Report*, or Caff sin Chancery, collected by Sir Qetrgt Car}, one of the
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kperfett ^Abridgment of the Eleven Books of the Reports of the Lord
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Stat at* pacts, containing all Statutes in order of time, that concern a
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Three Learned Readings, thefirftby theLordTty^ofWils; fccond,
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forcible Entryes ; in quarto.
The Learned Arguments of the Judges of the Upper Bench, upon the
Writ of Habeas Corpus, with the opinion of the Court thereupon ;
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'Bjnopfts, oranexaft Abridgment of the Lord Cooks' Commentary
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^Mifcellania Spirit #alia t or devout Effay's, by the Honourable Walter
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7J3t Hiftorj of the Civil warrs of France, written in Italians, by Henrico
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' r.
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r-j, and *$Meen Elizabeth ; in Folio.
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Orlando Furiofo, in Englifli Heroical verfe, by Sir John "Harringtoit
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Annales viteris Te&imenti, a prima Mundi Origine deduftis, utia
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Steps ofAfcentiw unto God, or a ladder to heaven, containing prayers
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and occafions, byJS9>Edw*rd Gee, Dr. of Divinity : in ouMB .4-
The Divtlsa* Affe, a C omedy, aded in the year 1616, by his Maje-
fly's Scmnts,the Author Be*. John/on : in folio. The -
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CMichaeltnas Term, in Quarto.
Fine Companion ; in Quarto.
The Pkanix ; in Quarto.
uft general^ by Cofnto MAnucke ; in Quarto.
Church
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Edward the fourth, firft and fecond Part,a Play, in Quarto.
, , n quarto. n
The frits, a Comedy, in quarto. ( per Sir Willitm
The Triumphs of Prince D* Jj0*r ; f Knight.
in quarto.
The Faithful ShepardefaA&eA before the King and Queen, divers
times, with great applaufc, at Black-Fryers, by his Majefties Ser-
vants, written by Jh* Fletcher, Gent, in quarto.
A Recantation of an til led life, or a difcovery of the high- way Law,
as alfo many Cautelous Admonitions, and full Inftruftions, how
to know, (hun, and apprehend a thief: moft neceffary for all
honcft Travellers to perufc, obferve, and pradicej written by
Jthn Clavel Gent.
The eleventh Report of the Lord CV^in French ; in folio:
Statute/ in the xxi K. J*mes t and the firft and third Caroli : in folio.'
Lamberts Archeion - t or Comments on the High Courts of Jufticc j in
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Panels fearch of Records : in Quarto.
TheLawes,andRefolutionsof womens^k/: in quarto.
Reformatio Legttm, Ecclefttfticaram : in quarto.
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The Court keepers Guide ; A plain and familiar Treatife, ufeftil for the
help of thofe that are imployed in keeping Law dales, or Courts
Baron ; wherein is largely and plainly opened, the Jurifdiftiondf
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Hcrriots, and other ferviccs and advantages belonging to Man-
nors, to the great profit of Lords of Mannors, and owners of
thefe Courts. The third Edition enlarged, the Author William
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pieces
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The Ltdies Cabinet e nltrged, tndofentd} Containing many rare Se-
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nourable and learned Chymift, the Lord RUTHUEN; in
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Calendarium Paft6rale,(ivc EglogaEDuodecim,totidem Anni menfibus
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rum Poetarum Principe, nunc autem Eleganti Latino Carmine do-
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gienfis, aliquando focio. And the fame in Englifti, againft the
Latine; in Odavo.
The Combat of Love *nd Friotdfiip ; A Comedy , as it was formerly
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