THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES HISTOKY OF EUFAULA, ALABAMA/ THK BLUFF CITY OP THE CHATTAHOOCHEE. iS75 By T. .^- B. BESS03:^ iSTB. FRAKKLIN STEAM PRINTING HOUSE JAS. P. HARRISON & CO., PRINTERS. 1875. PREFACE. 'his little volume is offered to the public, not as a work of literary merit, but simply as a true and plain statement of facts, connected with the origin, vicissitudes and developments of this city, of which it is a faithful history. And as showing its present status in re- gard to business, social advantages, pleasant surroundings, and its future prospects. Hoping, that while some may be interested with the narrative, others may be induced to cast their lot^ith us : and, like the aborigines, who, when they came to this State, and saw for themselves its real loveliness and beauty, exclaimed: "Alabama! Here we rest." AUTHOR. Eufaula, Sept. 1, 1875. PART FIRST. /l^.the west bank of the Chattahoochee river rises a bluff, one hundred and fifty feet above low water mark, and from its summit, looking south, you see the waters flowing towards Apalachicola Bay, where they empty into the Gulf of Mexico, two hundred and five miles distant, and where the city of Apalachicola is situated. As you look towards the east you behold the river run- ning towards you ; (as you are standing on the bank of the stream where it makes a sudden turn from east to south.) Seventy-five miles north of this point is the head of navi- gation, where is situated the beautiful city of Columbu$, , Georgia. On the other side of the river is the State Si Georgia, the stream forming the boundary between it and the State of Alabama. The country over which your eye wanders is a magnificent savannah of hundreds of acres, stretching far to the east and southeast. Names of Indian Tribes and tJt^irHomes 1825. Here on this bluff dwelt several tribes of Indians. One tribe was known as the " Actahoochees ;" one as the "Uchees," and one as the " Eufaulas," and from the last named tribe the town took its name. Each tribe spoke a different dialect. These tribes of Indians practiced polyg- amy, and had little or no religion. They had many rogues among them, but their chiefs were honest and honorable men. The name of the principal chief was "Tustenug- gee ;" there was, also, Paddy Carr, Steadman, and Jim Henry, who were noted men. The United States Government had defined the bounda- ries of the Indian territory, and this was known as the 550168 4 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. Creek Nation. Here the General Government guaranteed them the enjoyment and peaceful possession of their orig- inal rights. But they were not thus to be let alone, for the white man came among them and induced them, by fair promises, to allow them to farm the lands. It was not long before these white men began to trespass on the pos- sessions of the Indians, forcing them even, in many in- stances, to leave some of their clearings ; and it was only a short time before a bitter feeling sprang up between them. The Intruder's War 1827. The Indians felt that the white man was an intruder upon them, and by the advice of some few white men, who were in sympathy with the Indians, an appeal was made to the General Government, at Washington, for their protection and redress. Soon, United States trOops were sent out; who at once ordered the white people out of the nation, and destroyed their growing crops, and burned a house belonging to a white man named Pugh ; this occurred in the month of July, 1827, and was known as the " Intrud- ers War. " The White People Return to the Nation. The white people did not go far off, but kept out of the way of the troops ; and as soon as the treaty was ar- ranged, by which the government allowed the white men to buy claims from the Indians, they all came back, and at once perfected such arrangements as best suited them. The First White Man that Built a House. The first white settler that built a house here was Carson Winslett ; and soon after, Mr, F. W. Pugh, Moses Packer, Aaron Packer, Durham Lee, Lochlin McLean, James Gor- man, Churchill Gorman, and others, moved in. The First Store. The first store was set up by a man named Allen, who had, as a partner, Hon. William Irwin, who furnished HISTORY OF EUFAULA. O the capital to trade on, and who Hved in Henry county, below, on the river. The Name of the Town Changed to hwinton. The Indian name of the village was changed, and the name of Irwinton was given to the place, in honor of Hon. Wm. Irwin, who was a State Senator, representing Henry and Pike counties, in consequence of using his influence in the Legislature to make the place a landing for steam- boats for the benefit of the people of this section of country. Public Sale of Land and Towft Lots. That portion of the town, which is now east of Orange street, was bought by a company from Columbus, Geor- gia. Hon. Alfred Iverson was one of the company. The lands lying west of Orange street were bought by General William Wellborn, Seth Love, John M. Moore and Alex- ander Robertson. Soon after, Wellborn & Co. bought lands they had a few blocks run off into lots and put up at public sale, and what is now known as Bray & Bros, cor- ner, was bid off to Green Beauchamp and B. V. Iverson, of Columbus. The next lot sold was what is now oc- cupied by John McNab's bank, and was bought by Mr. Wm. A. McKenzie. Other sales occurred, but to parties whose names are now forgotten. The Country Full of Lndians Yet 1835. Thus began the settlement of Irwinton ; and in the year 1835 Irwinton was yet a very small village, having but a few white inhabitants. The surrounding country was full of Indians, who lived in all their aboriginal simplicity, hunt- ing game, of which there was an abundance ; also, fishing, making baskets of reeds, and also blow guns of the same material. Lttdian Blow Guns. These were made of reeds about half an inch or more in diameter, and about five or six feet in length ; the joints of the reed were carefully bored out, the whole interior of 6 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. the gun was, by some ingenious process, made perfectly- smooth and straight as a line. An arrow was then con- structed of hard pine, and twisted like an augur, one end was very sharply pointed, and the other end was feathered with thistle down and made round, so that it would ex- actly fill the bore of the gun and offer as little resistance as possible. The arrow being plac.ed in the gun, and then applying the gun to the mouth and giving a smart, quick, blow, they could, with the greatest precision, kill a bird or squirrel in the loftiest tree. They also made various articles of bead work and buckskin for hunting pouches, and moccasins for their feet. Morals and Religion of the Indian. In morals they were as degraded as it is possible to con- ceive, and in their religious beliefs not much better. They, however, believed in some Great Spirit, but they had no forms of worship. The Green Corn Dance and the Black Drink. The only thing approaching to a religious rite was their Green Corn Dance and taking the Black Drink, which oc- curred at different periods of the year, and which events were looked for with much interest and anxiety, and re- quired a great amount of preparation, both as to the ground upon which it should be executed, and also of the persons who were to engage in them. The Green Corn Dance took place as soon as the corn was ripe enough to eat when it was plucked and brought to the ground and cooked in large pots until it was very soft, and when done was called ^' sofkee." The men would all gather around and eat it with a wooden spoon all using the same spoon. The chief presided over the fes- tivities, sitting in the center of a circle, and after the In- dians had partaken of the sofkee, they would throw off their gown, and were then demi-nude; they then took a small board about three inches wide and about four inches long, which was thickly set with iron points, and with this HISTORY OF EUFAULA. I instrument would rake and tear the flesh on their arms, legs and breasts, and sometimes even their faces, and then in that bloody plight they would, in wild fury and gesticu- lating, and with songs, dance around the ground. Every male engaged in this ceremony, and even boys of sixteen and seventeen years of age. These orgies lasted three and four days. Another ceremony was, taking the Black Drink, which was celebrated in the spring of the year, the same as the Green Corn Dance; instead of tearing the flesh, they partook of the nauseating drink, which was composed of some peculiar roots and herbs, making a decoction as black as ink, and which vomited them most terribly, and, for a short time, made them very sick. The Indian, Unprincipled and Not Brave. In principle they were treacherous and untrustworthy, and not so brave' as cunning, and given to stratagem. The town during the day was always overrun with these dusky red men of the forest, lying around idly passing their time away. When employed by the white men (as sometimes they were) in helping cultivate patches of corn, they proved good workers, but had to be constantly watched to prevent them from stealing, and also from running away. Those who came to town were usually accompanied by their squaws, who brought with them the results of their own industries, and sold them to the traders for calico and bell buttons. Bell Buttons and Bad Habits. These were a small button about the size of a hazel nut or filbert, and made like a sleigh bell ; they bought these to sew on their garments, which were decorated with hundreds of them, and when the wearer was in motion, gave a pleasing jingling sound, which they very greatly admired. Oftimes, however, most of their money was spent for mean whisky and when night come on, and they were ready to go home, they left town in companies ; S HISTORY OF EUFAULA. one sober one holding and leading, a drunken one, all of them singing some of their rude airs, which were generally more boisterous than musical. Hotels^ Stores and Dwellings of Logs. There were but few stores in the town, and not many- dwellings, all of them were constructed of rough logs. Up to the winter of 1834 there was not a frame building in the place. There were two public houses ; one of them was built of hewed logs, and was called the crack hotel of the village the landlord's name was Slatter. The other house, a less pretentious one, was constructed of rough round logs, and was known as Morgan's hotel. Chaotic State of Society. Many were the adventurers who visited the village, and many settled themselves here. This naturally brought all kinds of people together, and many of them not of the best character; hence, lawlessness, drunkenness and im- morality ruled the hour. Bowie Knives, Pistols and Fighting. A great many of the male inhabitants carried pistols and bowie knives, made almost imperative for self-protection, and upon almost any provication were ready to make free use of them. Many were the fights and bloody rencoun- ters that were witnessed on the streets of Irwinton. But there were a few good men who, true to every manly in- stinct, with courage undaunted, stood up like polished " marble shafts " amid all the moral corruption that sur- rounded them, and by their efforts and examples (and as population increased) open wickedness was toned down ; bad men and their evil practices began to be overcome and order took the place of confusion ; crime was arrested and punished by the strong arm of law then Irwinton began iier career of progress. The First Saw Mill 18S5. It was now about the summer of '35 when a saw mill HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 9 was erected on the Chewalla creek, about one mile from town, on the Columbus road ; facilities were, thereby, se- cured for building better houses, which was duly improved. The mill was owned by Mr. John M. Moore. New Buildings Being Built. Several new store houses were built, and also a two-story hotel, which was called the Irwinton Hotel, and kept by a Mr. Birch. Next door to this building was the then im- posing two-story building, owned and occupied by Capt. John M. Moore and Mr. J..G. L. Martin, as a drinking and eating establishment; the upper rooms being used as a billiard saloon and ballroom, and known as "Social Hall." It was an immensely popular resort. A7nuseme7its. In those days the dance was the only pastime in which ladies and gentlemen indulged together, so the building of Social Hall was hailed with delight by the ladies, of whom there were a good many in the town and surrounding country. The gentlemen, when to themselves, very freely patron- ized the gaming table and the horse races; the latter was held in the streets of the town, and inasmuch as the clear- ing did not extend far, the principal street had to be used, and all business was generally suspended to witness the races. But a year or two after this a splendid course was constructed, about four miles from town, at a cost of ten thousand dollars, and the turf was liberally patronized for many years, but finally neglected, and now, not a vestige of it remains. Some Few Men Trying to Make Money. While some were indulging in pleasure and dissipation, many others were laying the foundation of their fortune and independence, and helping to develope the rich and fertile land surrounding Irwinton. Cultivation of Cotton 1835. The cultivation of the cotton plant was already claiming 10 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. considerable attention, and a few bales, packed in round bags from six to eight feet long, and tied at the four cor- ners in knots, for convenience of handling, weighing about three hundred and fifty pounds, were received at Irwinton, as this was the only point of shipment to market, and was growing daily in commercial importance. The First Church and School Established. About this time, also, a small school was begun in a lit- tle log cabin, and taught by a Miss Perry. Not long after a Methodist church was organized by a circuit rider by the name of M. C. Turrentine, (who is yet an active old man and a worthy minister,) a suitable frame house was erected, which was the first house of worship built in Ir- winton, (the same building is yet standing.) Population increased rapidly, and by the spring of 1836, the town numbered not less than five hundred inhabitants. About the Fall of '35 another school was commenced, and the first male teacher in the place was named John N, McRae, who held his school in the Methodist church, and was himself a preacher. Mode of Travel and Mails IZZQ. The means of communication and travel began to mul- tiply and improve. Four and six-horse coaches were run between this place and Columbus, Georgia, two and three times a week, a distance of fifty miles ; also, a line of stages were established to Montgomery, Alabama, a dis- tance of ninety miles, and, also, to Fort Gaines, Georgia, Tallahassee, Florida, and other points. Mails were re- ceived from New York city in ten or twelve days. Steamboats and barges plyed up and down the Chatta- hoochee river constantly, and thereby communication was had with the only seaport of all this part of the country. It was only by that route the merchants could receive their supplies from New York, and which generrally occupied about thirty days in transit, and it was often thought for- tunate if goods were received even in sixty days after they HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 11 were purchased. Communication was also had with New Orleans by this route, and nearly all the groceries were bought from that market. Begimiing of Indian Troubles. Matters were going on smoothly; the people were all prospering and gradually developing the wealth of the country ; but some, in their eagerness for gains, attempted, and, in many instances, did, defraud the Red Man out of his rightful inheritance ; and they began to get uneasy and jealous at the encroachments of the pale faces, and, in their sober moments, reflecting on the frauds so often per- petrated on them by bad men, who had made them drunk when trading for their lands, that they might the more easily be cheated out of their possessions. The Indians Commence Hostilities. The Indians now declare "war to the knife, and the knife to the hilt," against the white man; and soon the forrest echoes around Irwinton were awakened by the sav- age war-whoop, a cry which, if once heard, will remain ineffaceably stamped upon the memory, and which none can utter like an infuriated savage. The White Men ^^Fly to Arms and Organize. ^^ It was not many days before every man was under arms. Three companies were at once organized and fully equiped, two companies of infantry and one of cavalry, the infantry respectively commanded by Capt. Ben. Watson and Capt. John L. Hunter, and the cavalry by Capt. John M. Moore. Also, the entire militia of the county was called out and placed on a war footing for immediate ser- vice. An Alarm, and Building a Stockade. One day, in the early spring of 1836, the intelligence was brought to town that the Indians were advancing in large numbers on the place ; whereupon the bells were rung and the drums beat, and the people assembled ; and it was 12 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. determined at once to bnild a work of defence, and imme- diately everybody went to work to build a stockade fort. The pine trees being ready on the spot selected for the works, they were cut down and cut in lengths of about fifteen feet and split in halves, and set up on end, in a trench dug about three feet deep, and thus firmly planted. Loop holes were cut between the logs, through which to fire at the enemy. In the center of the enclosure there was built a square pen of logs, closely notched together, for the purpose of an additional security for women and children and the helpless ; also, in which to keep supplies and ammunition, and to be used as a dernier resort in the event of being driven from the fort. The construction of this work of defence was a lively scene. Everybody worked with a will ; and so, by nightfall, the work was completed, and the women and children and all necessary supplies for a siege were duly placed within the enclosure. Fortunately, the Indians never came, and the place was never attacked. An Incident. On one dark, rainy and dismal night, during the occu- pancy of the fort, it was feard an attack might be made under cover of the darkness ; hence the guards were largely increased, and the bravest men put on duty, nnmbering about thirty or forty. A good part of the night had already passed without alarm, when, all at once, a tremen- dous yelling was heard north of the fort, towards the Che- walla Creek, and an attack was believed to be imminent. No lights being permitted in the fort, all was as dark as darkness could be ; but the commanding officer satisfied himself that every man was at his post, and all awaited with bated breath the attack. The yells came nearer and nearer, and soon the tramp of horses and men was heard ; and as the gray dawn began to reveal objects in the dis- tance, there was seen Capt. John M. Moore's cavalry com- pany approaching, and on reaching the fort and being HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 13 admitted, the disclosure was made that many of the guards had deserted their posts in the darkness, and had, unob- served climbed over into the inner fort among the women and children, even leaving their guns behind them ; and also the commanding officer thought discretion the better part of valor, and, as an additional security, had ntade the same retreat, and hid by the sugar barrel. The cause of the alarm was given by the company who had been out on a scout, and in returning thought they would try the gar- rison, which resulted as related. After this, the compa- nies left the stockade and went in search of the Indians, and had many skirmishes with them, but never found them in large bodies. Business all suspended. During all this time business was suspended, schools were closed, traveling was extremely dangerous, and so Irwinton received a terrible chock to her advancement, and a feeling of gloom and despondency settled over her people. The Indian War Over. In a few, but long and weary months of dread and fear, the war was over. The Red Men had all been driven out of the country, and finally the United States Government transported to the Indian Territory all who surrendered themselves, (where they now are), and again "white- winged peace brooded over the land." The First Newspaper, 1837. It was now 1837, and new settlers began to pour in from all directions, and new enterprises were originated, among them, the first newspaper, a weekly, was commenced, bear- ing the title of "The Irwinton Herald." It was owned and edited by Mr. W. G. M. Davis, and printed by Mr. Jack Hardman. The latter gentleman is now dead, but the former is yet living, and an honored citizen of the State of Florida, and was a Major-General in the late war. The paper was not popular, and was soon discontinued, the office passing into the hands of Mr. John Currie and Gen. 14 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. John P. Booth, who resumed its publication under the man- agement of two practical printers, Mr. William Hudson and Mr. John Bosworth. The paper was published in the inter- est of the Union Party, and became very popular. New Buildings, ChurcJtes, and Schools. By this time the business of the Town had largely increased, new streets had been laid out, several fine resi- dences had been erected on the bluff overlooking the river, the pine forest was being rapidly felled around the Town. A Baptist Church was organized, and a neat and commo- dious house of worship was erected ; also the Presbyterians organized and built a neat house ; and, also, the Methodists built a new house, better suited to their increasing necessi- ties. A new Academy was built and titled "The Irwinton Literary Institute," under the charge and control of a splendid gentleman and fine teacher, Mr. A. K. Merrill, assisted by a Mr. Goldthwaite. It was a flourishing insti- tution, at one time numbering 150 pupils of both sexes. The Irwinton Bridge Bank. A Bank was organized and chartered, styled the ' ' Irwin- ton Bridge Bank," and, just previous to that, a fine covered bridge, spanning the Chattahoochee, was built by the town, at a cost of twenty thousand dollars, which was a large enter- prise for those days. New Brick Stores Erected, and Patriotism. Brick stores began to be built in the place of frame build- ings. Two fine Liberty Poles were planted at each end of the principal street, and from them, on the Fourth of July and Washington's Birthday, the 22d of February, was seen, proudly floating, the emblem of the Nation's glory " 'The star-spangled banner,' long may it wave O'er the laud of the free, and the home of the brave." Financial Crisis 1837. The year 1837 was one of financial depression, and busi- ness suffered much, and many Irwinton merchants were HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 15 nearly ruined; the value of real estate was greatly reduced, and many who had speculated in that kind of property lost heavily. Agricultural Interest. The agricultural interest of the country around Irwinton was constantly increased by immigration. Rich planters, with their slaves, sought the fertile lands, on the creeks and the river, in its immediate vicinity, and, for the convenience of their famihes, and to educate their sons and daughters, lived in town, building for themselves convenient and hand- some residences. Cotto7i Culture Increasitig 1839, Cotton began to be a considerable item of export, and, by the year 1836, not less than five thousand bales were shipped from this point to Apalachicola, for New York, Liverpool, and other markets. Also, the country produced all the meat and corn necessary for the demands of the peo- ple, and everybody was independent; there were no beg- gars, and loafers were unknown, " The Nepenthes:' It was during this year that the newspaper of the Town was again compelled to change proprietorship, and was pur- chased by Dr. Levi T. Wellborn, who changed its name from "The Herald" to "The Nepenthes," its name being somewhat curious and novel ; its proprietor a man of indom- itable energy and determination ; the paper was well re- ceived, and bid fair to prove a success. The printer who managed its publication was named Richard Mooney. The paper, however, had but a brief existence, the Doctor soon finding there was no money to be made in the business, and in addition to that, his failing health, and the great difficulty in getting reliable printers to do the work, he sold out the office to Messrs. McMurray, Ticknor & Arnold, who at once unfurled to the breeze of public opinion *'The Champion of Democracy'' 1840. Mr. McMurray was the printer who controlled the mechan- 16 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. ical part of the paper, and Mr. Ticknor acted as editor. The former gentleman has long been dead, but the latter is now living in a large town of this State, and is an honored and worthy clergyman of the Protestant Episcopal Church. The Presidential Campaign 1840. The paper continued its issues until after the election of Gen. William Henry Harrison, President of the United States, which it most bitterly opposed in well written arti- cles from the pen of its able young editor. There were maay humorous caricatures, that appeared in its columns, made on wood, by a gentleman of the Town ; such as a picture of a*log-cabin set up on triggers, baited with a hard-cider barrel ; and also of Gen. Harrison as the hero of Chillicothe, receiving from the hands of the ladies of that village a red-flannel petticoat for his valor, etc. , etc. A Thespian Corps. A Thespian Corps was organized for the amusement of the people, composed of the young men of Irwinton, and for many months was quite a success, and developed some fine histrionic talent. John Gill Shorter and Others. Also, at this period began the legal profession of John Gill Shorter, who became eminent as a jurist, and after- wards was elected Governor of the State of Alabama. George L. Barry, who was Judge of the Circuit Court, and Sterling G. Cato, who for many years was a Judge in Kan- sas, and also many others who rose to more or less dis- tinction. Four Years ajter the Indian War. Four years after the Indian war, Irwinton had made due progress, and presented the most gratifying evidences of thrift, and a good degree of wealth and refinement. Many of her citizens kept their neat carriages and fine horses ; and those who were rich were so in fact, owning lands of virgin soil of great fertility, and slaves who did all HISTORY OF EUFAULA, 17 the work contentedly and happy. The product of the plantation satisfied all their wants, so far as the inner man was concerned, and the sale of the cotton crop gave them ample means for all else that was necessary ; and, besides, they always had to spare, hence when the occasion pre- sented itself, they dispensed their hospitality in a princely style. As their wealth increased, their sons and daughters were sent to the then great centers of education and learn- ing, Yale College, Bridgeport, Princeton, and other places. Happy Days of Progress. The summer tour through the Northern States was adopted about this time, and thousands and tens of thous- ands of dollars were expended annually to aid in enriching the people of the North. Thus the years passed on in quietness and prosperity, and nothing troubled the people of this section. All kinds of enterprises flourished, and Irwinton gradually advanced in importance, and soon be- came a commercial town, forming the center of a large planting district of a circle of seventy-five miles around. She had come out of the fire of war and desolation and moral corruption. The bad men who had hung as an in- cubus about her in her early days had departed for that (then the rougue's) paradise, Texas ; yet there were many old legal feuds to settle and adjust. An Opportunity for Men of Genms. Litigations were not few. This, however, only helped to develop men of mind and ability, who, probably but for these causes, would have remained "unknown to fortune and to fame;" and in after years we find such men as Hon. Eli S. Shorter occupying and filling with distinguished ability a seat in the United States Congres; and aiso L. L. Cato, Esq., a lawyer of distinguished ability; and the Hon. James L. Pugh, who, today, is the Patrick Henry of Alabama ; and many others who deserve a niche in the Temple of Fame. In this connection, we would particu- 2 18 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. larly mention General Alpheus Baker, the eagle orator of Alabama, and now the Hon. Judge of the City Court of Eufaula. Mercantile and Financial Successes. The mercantile interest had, up to this time, kept pace with the material progress of Irwinton, and many large stocks of goods were offered to supply the needs of the people of the country. A Mr. S. S. Walkley here laid the foundation of a handsome fortune, which he is now enjoy- ing, in a green old age, in the city of Philadelphia. Mr. Edward B. Young, also, who is a banker, of this city, and also, Mr. John McNab, who is the heaviest financial man in this section, and through whose hands the largest por- tion of the money passes that moves the cotton crop of this part of the country. Many others have gained mod- erate wealth, and succeeded in surrounding themselves with comfortable livings. The Name of ' 'Irwinton" Changed Back to ' ' Eufaula" 1^^2. In the year 1842 it was determined to change the name of Irwinton, because there was a town of similar name in the adjoining State of Georgia, and letters and packages intended for this place would often be sent there, and vice versa, which was a source of considerable vexation and annoyance to the business men. On one occasion, Mr. E. B. Young, having had a package of money missent to Irwinton, Ga., determined to take the matter in hand, and set about getting up a petition to the Legislature, asking that the change be made. He carried the petition around and obtained the signature thereto of every man in Irwin- ton but one. The petition was forwarded to Gen. William Wellborn, then representing the county in the Legislature, and the General, who had some old grudge against Gen. Irwin, was glad enough to get the name changed that helped to perpetuate the memory of a man for whom the people had as little sympathy as the General himself. It was duly presented and granted, and so the beautiful HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 19 embryo city was re-baptized into its original and beautiful Indian name, "Eufaula." " TJie Southern S/iie/d" 1841. The last newspaper, "The Champion of Democracy," had ceased its issues and its office was closed and the press carried away, and the town had been without a paper some time, when Mr. Benjamin Gardiner commenced the publi- cation of "The Southern Shield," which was devoted to the interests of the Whig Party. It had for its motto: "The Cradle of Science, the Nurse of Genius, and the Shield of Liberty ; " but, not advocating the popular side of Southern politics, it was never a success. It was, how- ever, the only medium of the current news of the day, and many subscribed for it who were not in sympathy with its political opinions. " T/ie Democrat" 1845. But, in the year 1845, on the 25th day of June, another journal was commenced, published by Mr. John Black, and edited by Edward C. Bullock, Esq., a young man of most extraordinary ability, and a gifted writer. It was not long before "The Democrat" was the popular paper of the town of Eufaula, and had a successful career. " T/ie Spirit of the South "1850. In the year 1850, when sectional politics began to be agi- tated, and the muttering thunder of the approaching polit- ical storm was heard in the distance, the name of "Dem- ocrat" was changed to "The Spirit of the South," and fearlessly advocated those measures, which it never for a moment forsook, until the final abitrament of the sword decided the contest. Then its name was changed, and it now lives under the name of " The Tri- Weekly News. '"J Its first publisher, Mr. John Black, has been dead several years ; but his mantle has fallen upon the shoulders of his worthy son, who now both edits and publishes the paper. 20 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. Agriculture and Value of Ptoperty 1858. During the intervening time, between 1843 and 1860, the town and county continued to improve, and especially the agricultural interest. The cotton crop was continually growing larger every year. Many planters were moving into the county, and by the year 1858, Barbour county had within its limits 12,000 slaves, valued at $8,000,000, and 525, 000 acres of land, valued at ^8.00 per acre, making ^4,200,00, and town lots, valued at ^550,000 making a grand total of wealth amounting to ;^1 2,770, 000. The prosperity of the county continued until the late civil war, when all industries were paralyzed and the accumulation of years of patient toil were swept away in an hour, and yet Eufaula was spared that destruction which was ruthlessly visited upon many of her sister towns and cities. Federal Cavalry Under Gen. Grierson. The Federal cavalry passed through the streets of Eu- faula in the spring of 1865, but just at the moment when the armistice was declared, and General Grierson, at the head of four thousand cavalry, arrived only in time to en- ter in peace, and after a few days of inoffensive sojourn, departed quietly. Population of Eufaula, and Business. To-day the BlufiC City (as it is appropriately called,) numbers about 5,000 inhabitants ; ships about 30, 000 bales of cotton per annum, valued at ^1,800,000, and the gen- eral business of the city exceeds ^4, 000,000 a year. The present assessed value of real estate is (;^1,000,000) one million dollars. Stores, Public Buildings, Churches and Dwellings. There are over fifty brick stores in the city, besides three handsome drug stores, one carriage factory and many small shops ; a handsome opera house, built at a cost of nearly $60,000; Hart's Hall, the largest and finest danc- ing saloon in the State, and under which there are six ele- HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 21 gant stores. The Baptists have a superb church edifice, costing 540,000; also the Methodists have a beautiful building (one of the handsomest in the city) erected at a cost of $15,000. The Presbyterians have, also, a very fine house, costing $25,000. The Episcopalians and Roman Catholics each have neat but small houses; the former, however, propose at an early day to erect a church more suitable to their growing necessities. The Jews, having purchased the old Methodist Church building, have re- fashioned it, and, at considerable expense, have now a beautiful synagogue which reflects much credit upon their good taste and liberality, and is an ornament to the city. The Female College is most beautifully located on a high hill overlooking the city, and is a very tasteful building, costing $10,000. Many handsome private residences, costing from five to twenty thousand dollars, are dotted all over the city. The streets of the city are very broad and cross each other at right angles with perfect regularity. The forest has long since receded to the dim distance, and now no one would ever believe that the present site of this beautiful inland city was once a dense forest of pines, and that only forty years ago the savage Indians here dwelt, and hunted his game, and woke the echoes of the hills with his yells. Railroad Facilities of To- Day. Evidences of progress are to be seen in the railroad fa- cilities at hand. The Montgomery and Eufaula Railroad, connecting here by rapid transit with all the South and West, Northwest and East. The Southwestern Railroad of Georgia, (which here crosses the Chattahoochee river on a splendid covered bridge, eighty feet high and 900 feet in length, costing 100,000,) gives her communication with the North and East, and the Brunswick and Vicks- burg Railroad, extending now as far as twenty miles west, to the town of Clayton the county site but which will ultimately be built as far as Greenville, Alabama, and thus 22 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. placing Eufaula but a very few hours from New Orleans. The first train of cars that ran within the corporate limits of Eufaula was in 1865. The terminus oi the Southwest- ern Railroad was on the other side of the river for many months before the bridge crossing the river was completed. Cotton Speculating Mania. Since the late war, fortunes have been made and lost in Eufaula. Cotton speculating has been the bane of many a good man, who has fallen a prey to its seductive charms, and up to this time there is not a man who has derived any permanent advantage from that kind of investment, yet others are constantly and as eagerly trying the same experiment over again. Building and Loan Association, and the People's Saving and Loan Association. A Building and Loan Association has been organized in this city, and is in successful progress, and has assisted many a poor man to provide for himself and family a home which he otherwise would not have had. A Savings and Loan Association was also founded a few months ago, and now have already accumulated a cash capital of $100,000, and are now doing a regular banking business. " The Bluff City Times" Edited by R, D. Shropshire, ,Esq., is as spicy a little sheet as can be found in the land. Mr. Shropshire is a good writer and of large experience. The two papers of the city being pubUshed on alternate days, the citizens have the same advantages a daily would afford, with much more variety. Debts a7id Credits. A new order of things is now being inaugurated in the way of debts and credits, and business is being conducted on a cash basis, and the future looks more encouraging. Water Power and Climate of Eufaula. When the great natural resources in water power for HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 23 running mills and cotton factories shall be utilized that are now lying idle in easy reach of Eufaula, she will be made one of the finest manufacturing centers in the whole South. Her climate is salubrious, and does not require acclimati- zing for Northern or Western people to live here com- fortably and healthfully all the year around. No one ever visits her hospitable people who do not feel glad they have made them a visit and would be pleased to make it their home. A Hero of Sari Jacinto. This little city has been, and now is, the home of quite a number of public men, whose names in the State are as familiar as household words, and also, of some who, less eager for the world's applause, have lived and died in retirement; and prominent among them is Col. Dougald McLean, who was a soldier in the Texan war of 1836. He held a first lieutenant's commission in Captain Wards- worth's company of Col. Fannin's regiment from Georgia, and participated in the ever-memorable battle of San Jacinto, which was fought under General Sam. Houston, on the 21st day of April, 1836, and determined the fate of Texas, so gloriously achieving her independence. Lieuten- ant McLean's sword is now in the possession of his family, and also, a shot-gun, called an "Escopet," and a pair of Mexican cuffs the latter he took from the body of one of the men he killed in battle. The name of the Mexican is embroidered in black silk on the inside of the cuffs, and reveals the name of "L. Arollo." Col. McLean (who was afterwards made a Colonel of the militia), during his life time, on each recurring anniversary, fired a salute of one gun in honor of the battle of San Jacinto, and on the last occasion was on his dying bed, but, faithful to the pledge he had made to himself, had his attendants carry him in a chair to the gun, and applied the match with his own hand. On the 13th day of the following May, 1859, he ended his mortal life, and was buried with military 24 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. honors, and three salutes were fired over his grave, one in honor of General Houston, he so much loved and hon- ored ; one in honor of the great battle of which he was a hero, and last as a tribute to his memory. Having endeavored, with all the information we could obtain from eye witnesses of past and personal experiences, to give you a full and truthful account of the origin of Eufaula, and some of the leading events in its history, we now bid you adieu and hopefully look forward to the future, when our children shall write yet more pleasing reminiscences of this now beautiful city. END OF PART FIRST. PART SECOND. rs WE have on the swift wings of memory taken a retrospective flight over old Irwinton, and noted many of the varied events that swept her on, and away, and merged her into the Eufaula of 1842, and the continually advancing tide of progress has brought us to the Eufaula of to- day: may we not, with some de- gree of certainty, predict the future of Eufaula on the same basis of progression. To-day we mark the evidences of industry, and see the accumulating evidences of patient toil. The old generation is fast passing away and a new one has control, and adding knowledge to the experiences of the past, new and grander aims are filling the minds of those who occupy the places of trust and profit ; and in financial and commercial circles, the men of to-day are wiser than those of the past. The Effects of the Late War Fading Out. The dire effects of the late civil war is fast fading away ; public confidence is now rapidly being restored ; better laws are being enacted ; the laboring classes have gone to work with an energy and good will never before witnessed since the war, and a general good feeling exists between labor and capital, and we may safely predict that it will not be long before this whole Southern land shall again "blos- som as the rose." The Political Sky Clearing. The curse of political corruption, that hung like a mill- stone around the neck of the people, fastened upon then> 26 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. by a set of unscrupulous and contemptible scalawags and carpet-baggers, has now been removed and hope, en- couragingly bekons onward. And, now, Eufaula pre- sents advantages of illimitable extent, both in a commer- cial and financial point of view, and we may again justly add, also, as a manufacturing centre. Here is presented a field for the profitable use of at least one million of dol- lars. The Business of the City. The amount of groceries sold annually in Eufaula is simply immense, and then add to the heavy goods the fancy groceries and general merchandise in all, amount- ing to not less than four millions of dollars. Before the war Eufaula was one of the best business places in the whole South, and she is destined at no distant day to be so again. ''Hope Springs Eternal in the Human Breast^ At no period since the war have her people been more hopeful than now ; the shackles with which she has so long been bound are broken, and to-day she is rising from the dust of her humiliation, and soon prosperity shall again dwell among her people as peace now reigns within her borders. No Manufactories, but Strong Inducements. No manufactories (except one) have been erected, and yet facilities of unusual advantages are within easy reach ; healthful climate, pure water in abundance, raw material at the very doors cotton, wool, coal, iron and wood; nothing wanting but capital. Let such who are seeking investments come and see for themselves. A city that can, by a few thousands of dollars properly invested, become one of the wealthiest (as it now is the loveliest) in all the Sunny South, and where one may live the year around, happily, healthfully and contentedly, having good society, and all the advantages of a large city, without many of their evils. HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 27 Rich Fanning Lands and their Products. The country around Eufaula is rich in farming lands, which are easily cultivated and can be bought for from five to ten dollars per acre, and are in the great cotton belt of the country, producing a half bale to the acre, and, by the right kind of cultivation, can be made to yield much more. Corn grows luxuriantly, as also does all the small grain, and peas and potatoes ; sugar cane thrives well, and every farmer can make his own sugar and molasses. Also, all kinds of fruit can be grown to perfection peaches, apples, quince, pears and all kinds of grapes and berries. Population and Resources of Country Around. The country around Eufaula has a large population, and already over 75,000 people draw their supplies directly and indirectly from this city. The negro population is large, and had it not been for the advice of bad men and their interference for the last few years, their industry, with proper direction, would have long ago made itself manifest in the rapid recuperation of the county from the dire effects of the late war. Now, as we have before stated, affairs are changing and a new order of things is fully inaugurated, and it will be but a short time when there shall be presented to the world a land, as it were, "flowing with milk and honey" a land of wealth and liberty, "The land of the free and the home of the brave." The Municipal Goi^ernnicnt oj Eufaula. The municipal affairs of the city arc controlled and managed by a Mayor and a Board of eight Aldermen, who are elected once a year ; two Aldermen from each of the four Wards of the city ; also, a Clerk and Treasurer. The police are under a Marshal, who has such force at his dis- posal as the necessities of the hour may require, but ordinarily only some three or four policemen are on duty. The City Council can increase the force or decrease it as they see proper. 28 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. The Water Supply. Eufaula possesses the most natural advantages for water- works, both in the ease for obtaining the necessary supply and for location of reservoirs. Some of the elevations on which works could be constructed are at least seventy-five feet above the business portion of the city, and also, of the majority of private residences. For ordinary purposes water is plentiful, soft, cool and delightful, drawn from the deep wells on every premise in the city. There is scarcely a family but has its well of cool and sparkling water. The water supply for the engines, in case of fire, is drawn from iipmense cisterns, located at the intersections of the busi- ness streets, and convenient ; the quantity of water is fully adequate to meet any dernand that could be made. Thus is the city well protected from the fire fiend, so far as hu- man agency is concerned, and also for the ordinary pur- poses of life. The Fire Department. Her Fire Department is composed of two hand engines and one hook and ladder company. The companies are made up of the best men of the city ; they each have their respective halls, handsomely furnished and evidencing the taste of cultivated gentlemen. Her Department is under a Chief and other officers usual on such staff. Eufaula feels proud of her citizen firemen, and challenges any of her sister cities to produce a more gallant and finer-looking set of men, from the Chief down to the tiny color-bearers, who ride in triumph on the carriages. Her Hotels, " Commercial and " Central." The hotels of* the city, although they can lay no claims to solendid exteriors, yet are within comfortable and pleas- ant. The Commercial, with that genial, clever and socia- ble landlord, Mr. A. J. Riddle as its host, is a popular house, and everybody who visits him are delighted, and are loth to part from him. The Central is kept by Mr. John D. Billings and his HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 29 most estimable wife, who know how to keep a hotel. The rooms are neat and all as " cozy as a bug in a rug." What was at one time a hindrance to travelers remaining any length of time in Eufaula has now fairly been overcome, and we can now invite all to tarry, and, as they pass along, enjoy for a while the comforts of a home, and be delighted with the pleasant and varied associations of this beautiful little city. Her Temples of Worship and Ministry. Already allusion has been made to her costly houses of worship. Her temples are indeed beautiful and ample for her necessities, and all have officiating ministers who for piety and self-consecration have no superiors. Eufaula is highly favored in having the best of men to teach her people the way of life, and no stranger can come to this city and not find the church of his choice, and listening to the faithful herald, but go away a better man. Benevolent Societies and Organizations. The Masonic fraternity have flourishing lodges and large membership, also the Odd Fellows have here one of the best lodges in the State. The Jews have the benevolent society of Bnai Brith and all of them weilding an influ- ence for good. There is also a lodge of Sons of Temper- ance, and recently there has been established the "Young Men's Christian Association," who are growing in power and blessing the world. Educational Advantages. In educational advantages I.ufaula has schools which will compare favorably with those of other places. The Union Female College, Mr. Wm. H. Patterson, A. M., President, with a full corps of able professors, where a young lady can be thoroughly educated and prepared for the great and responsible duties of life. The male schools are all excellent, and in charge of able and experienced masters, and a young man may be well fitted to enter col- 30 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. lege or learn all that is absolutely needed for the ordinary practical duties of every day life. The Public School sys- tem is being introduced, and it will not be long before they shall be fully sustained and made ample for the neces- sities of the city. The Beautiful Situation of Eufaula. The situation of Eufaula is one of the most beautiful imaginable, and has most appropriately been called "The Bluff City," as it is on one of the highest bluffs on the river, and on a plain running west about half a mile, and thence gradually ascending a hill some seventy-five feet, and then again another plateau of about a quarter of a mile and again another hill. On the north the plain ex- tends about half a mile to the Chewalla creek ; and on the south it extends nearly a mile, gradually descending until it reaches the Barbour creek : thus do we find the location of this charming city. The Streets and Embellishments. The streets, taking the proportions of avenues, run north and south, east and west, presenting the utmost reg- ularity. Broad street, which is the principal street, is 165 feet wide, all other parallel and intersecting streets are from 132 feet to 150 feet wide ; the intersecting streets are bordered on either side with China trees, (or as they are sometimes called, "the Pride of the South,") and, also, the water oak. In the early spring the China trees are in bloom and have the appearance of immense bo- quets, and their lilac colored blossoms fill the air with their sweet perfume. The beautiful avenues afford the most delightful drives and are so used by the citizens, many of whom own handsome turnouts. When the trees are in full foliage (which is about three-fourths of the year) the scene, on some pleasant evening, is almost like fairy l^d. Every house you pass has its flower garden in front, and the grounds around many residences are handsomely laid out, and contain the most exquisite flowers, beautiful or- HISTORY OF EUFAULA. 31 naments and ornamental tree, the arbre vitae, the crepe myrtle, the drooping willow, the cedar tree, the mock orange, the holly and the magnolia, and sometimes some of the statelier trees of the forest altogether, presenting a most beautiful scene. The Women of Eufaula. " The world was sad ! the garden was a wild ! And man, the hermit, sighed till woman smiled !" So would a melancholy gloom and sadness rest upon this beautiful city were it not for her lovely women. No where upon this green earth will you find purer, better or lovelier women than in "The Bluff City." It is no ful- some praise or flattery to say that, in morals and religious character, the women of this city are unexceptionably faultless ; there is no work of charity and love that does not at once enlist their sympathies and hearty co-opera- tion. Suffering humanity always find in them a warm, generous and self-sacrificing friend. Are the poor to be clothed and fed, their busy hands keep pace with their lov- ing and tender hearts and soon the distressed are relieved. Is some tribute of grateful love due to those who have sacrificed their fortunes and their lives for their country, they are the first to engage m the work of affection and patriotism. Has some erring son of Adam strayed from the paths of rectitude, they are the first to give a helping hand to reclaim him to virtue and society. In religion their zeal knows no flagging, and " their lives give lucid proof their hearts aje sincere." When the silent sentinels of night are keeping watch over a slumbering world, they are found watching beside the couch of suffering human- ity, pouring consolation into the wounded heart, and, like ministering angels, pointing the dying to a better and a happier world. Such are the women of Eufaula, and, also, to these beauties of the mind and soul we may add that of personal charms. There are but few places where there are such truly handsome women : -beautiful in char- S2 HISTORY OF EUFAULA. acter ; beautiful in mind and cultivation ; beautiful in grace and elegance of taste and dress, and lovely in person. Many of the married ladies of Eufaula are among the "fairest of the fair;" and to the stranger, 'twould be dif- ficult in many instances to distinguish the matron from the maid, so fresh and lovely do they appear. There is one in every community who, to somebody, is the very ideal of perfection, and of whom it may be said " Her form was fresher than the morning rose, When the dew wet its leaves ; unstained and pure, As is the lily, or the mountain snow." but who that one is in this city we leave those who see them to judge for themselves; and, where there are so many sparkling eyes, and beautiful forms and fair faces, we have no doubt that more than one will be chosen as the beau ideal of love and beauty. What More Ca7i Be Said? Is it a wonder that any one should feel proud of being a citizen of such a charming place ; surrounded by so much to admire and love, making life so pleasant ; with skies above them as fair as Italia's clime ; the green earth beneath carpeted with verdure, and an atmosphere as pure as mountain air, and with companions and friends, of such beautiful and lovely beings who, themselves, are God's best gift to man. " Come With Us and We will Do Thee Good. In conclusion, we would add the invitation to come and see the beautiful " Bluff City of the Chattahoochee," and you will find that not one half has been told of its attrac- tions and real advantages. FINIS. MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. Mayor Hon. Wells J. Bray. Treasurer John D. McCormick, Esq. City Clerk Geo. H. Sporman, Esq. BORAD OF ALDERMEN. First Ward Wm. T. Simpson, Esq., A. W. Black, Esq. Second Ward Capt. John G. Smith, Henry Bern- stein, Esq. Third Ward John M. Bovvdon, Esq., James C. Mc- Kenzie, Esq. Fourth Ward L. W. McLaughlin, Esq., George C. McCormick, Esq. Chief of Police Capt. Bryan James. City Attorney J. M. Buford, Esq. Chief Fire Department ..Dan Rowlett, Esq. CHURCH DIRECTORY. First Baptist Church Pastor, Rev. Wm. N, Reeves^, Services every Sunday morning and night. Prayer meet- ing every Wednesday night. Methodist Episcopal Church Pastor, Rev. E. M. Bounds. Services every Sunday morning and n^ight. Prayer meet- ing every Monday night. Presbyterian Church Pastor, Rev. J. J. Robinson, D.D.. Services ^v^ry Sunday morning and night. Prayer meet- ing every Thursday night. Protestant Episcopal Church Pastor, Rev. J. C. Davis. Services every Sunday morning and night. Lecture every Wednesday night. Roman Catholic Church Services every Sunday morn- ing. Sunday School afternoon. Synagogue Opened every Friday evening and Saturday. BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES. Free and Accepted Masons have their meetings as follows : Blue Lodge The 2d and 4th Saturday nights in the month. Chapter The 1st and 3d Saturday nights in the month. Cormnandery The 1st and 3d Saturday nights in the month. Independent Order Odd Fellows Regular meeting every Thursday night. Mt. Sinai Encampment Meets once a month. Sons of Temperance Every Tuesday night. The Jews Benevolent Society Bnai Brith Meet twice a month. Young Men's Christian Association Meet every Friday night at their rooms, and their doors are always open to welcome the stranger, and others, who may wish to visit them. All are invited. PUBLIC SCHOOLS roi^ I sT^s. COL. B. WELLBORN, City Superintendent, BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Rev. Wm. A. Reeves, Capt. John G. Smith, Wm. H. Bray, Esq. Capt. Henry C. Hart, Dr. H. M. Weedon. TEACHERS. Prof. John S. Dobbins, Mrs. Lydia S. Wellborn, Prof. W. H. Patterson, Francis Riley, Miss Alice Wauchope, Jennie Peterson, (col'd,) Mr. W. C. Wallace. RAILROAD TIME TABLE. SOUTHWESTERN RAILROAD. DOWN MAIL TRAIN. Leave Macon 9:10 a.m. Aarrive Eufaula....6:17 p.m. UP TRAIN. Leave Eufaula 8:22 a.m. Arrive Macon 5:15 p.m. MONTGOMERY & EUFAULA RAILROAD. GOING EAST. GOING WEST. Lv. Montgomery.... 3:45pm Ar. Union Spg's.... 7:13pm Ar. Eufaula 10:47pm Lv. Eufaula 12:46pm Ar. Union Spg's 3:43am Ar. Montgomery.... 7:15am ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES OF MAILS. Northern and Eastctn, and Savannah, Macon Via S, W. R. R., arrives at 5 p. m. Closes at 8:30 p. m. Clayton Arrives at 9 A. m. Closes at 5 p. m. Marianna Arrives Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 8 p. m. Closes same days at 8:30 p. m. Clopton, Skipperville a7id Ozark Arrives Saturday at 4 p. m., and closes Wednesdays at 8:30 p. m. Oza>k Mail also arrives and departs twice a week via M. & E. R. R. and Troy. Northern, Eastern and Western Via M. & E. R. R., ar- rives at 10:45 p. m. Opened at 6:30 next morning. Closes at 8:30 p. m. Advertiscmenfi . -zo -fzo- 'tyyt-t-a -t-i^^ 0>/ze 'tHz^u-e-^ce.-t -ctz-^ dee- ti^ -a. r^'Cei-7-tcc d.-/-t.tc-/^ GROCERIES AND DRY GOODS, AND GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS. FISH AND OYSTERS A SPECIALTY. A SPLENDID RESTAURANT HAS BEEN FITTED UP OVER THEIR STORE, WHERE MEALS CAN BE HAD AT ALL HOURS, DAY AND NIGHT. The Choicest Delicacies of the Season always on hatid. XVlll Advertisements. W. O. GATES. S. H. DENT. GATES & DENT, CIRCUIT OF PRACTICE: HENRY, DALE, BARBOUR AND BULLOCK COUNTIES IN ALABAMA, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS AND CIRCUIT AT MONTGOACERY, SUPREME COURT OF ALABAMA ; ALSO, IN SOUTHWESTERN GEORGIA. ' Smmonses executed twenty days before Court. Judgment first Term, if no defense. When claims are sent for collection, give full name of each owner of debt or member of partnership; and if an Account, the name of a witness to prove it. M. B. WELLBORN, !Wir>awjL^, Advertisemejits. xix SAMUEL W. GOODE, ATTOMIfE AT IL/AW -^=^ AND :==^-J> EUFAULA, ALABAMA. WILL PRACTICE IN THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS OF ALABAMA, IN THE COURTS OF SOUTHWESTERN GEORGIA, AND ELSEWHERE BY SPECIAL CONTRACT. Prompt attention paid to collections in Alabama and Georgia. Will investigate Land Titles whenever requested. E. S. SHORTER. H. R. SHORTER. SHORTER & BROTHER, EUFAULA, ALA. PRACTICE IN ALL THE STATE AND UNITED STATES COURTS FOR ALABAMA. XX ^ y -^i/ -, ', Advertisements U^L^K. /^ / t \ C ^ ^^J. E. SINGER,^) WHOLESALE AND RETAIL ^G-EOCEE, SOUTH SIDE OF BROAD STREET, JJuF/iULA, ^I.A. GEORGE SIKGER. JOE E. SERGER. GEORGE SINGER & CO. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS ,.' i y 9 IN AND ALL KINDS OF LEATHER AND SHOE FINDINGS, NEXT DOORTO J.E.SiNGER'S GROCERY STORE EUFAULA, ALA. Advertisements. XXI W^4^ c MAWUFACTURKE A DKALEB IN CARRIAGES,BlIGGIES,WAGONS AND HARNESS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS SOUTH SIDE BROAD STREET, OPPOSITE COMMERCIAL HOTEL, W-- REPAIRING OF ALL KINDS DONE PROMPTLY. EWFAWEd, Alt A, IP ^0 4^ W. FASHIONABLE Vw C3^ S-^I-.002Sr ''So IN THE COMMERCIAL HOTEL, -AL80- WORKER IN HAIR, MANUFACTURER OF WIGS, TOUPEES, AND SWITCHES, f^jjf/^jJh^ f^yf^. xxii Advertisements. ROBERT J. WOODS, WHOLESALE DEALER IN Bwrnim, Bmmm, LmM, FMmw, BAGGING AND TIES, NEW VERANDAH BUILDING, 80. SIDE BROAD ST., EUPAULA, ALA. BENJAMIN MORRIS, NO. 6 HAET'8 BLOCK, BIMIB II STAFIil MS f AIQf Wt BOOTS, SHOES, HATS, NOTIONS, ALSO West side of Eufaula Street, EUFAULA, ALA. Advertisements. xxi'ii HENRY W. BATTLE, AND (aS>SOLICITOR IN CHANCERY,^SO EUFAULA, ALA. Thorough and immediate attention given to all matters committed to his charge. Collections promptly made. A. H. MERRILL, EUFAULA, ALA. ' Will practice in the Counties of Pike, Coffee, Dale, Henry, Bullock and Barbour ; in the Supreme Court of Alabama, and the United States Court at Montgomery. .^^. G^L. COMER, .^^ EUFAULA, ALABAMA. Will practice in all the Courts of Southeast Alabama and Southwest Georgia, in the Supreme Court of the State, and in the United States Courts. ES^ Special attention given to Collecting and Secuzing Claims...^ ALEX. B. FIELD, WAS ADMITTED TO THE BAR JUNE 17th, 1872, AND HAS HIS OFFICE WITH B. B. FIKLDB, Next doof to Messrs. Bray & Brothet's Hardware Store, RANDOLPH STREET. xxiv Advertisements. JOHN D. ROQUEMORE, EUFAULA, ALA. Practices in all the State and Federal Courts of Alabama. A. H. LEFTWICH, OFFICE: ''CITY WAREHOUSE," OPERA HOUSE BUILDING, SXTFAXTZ.A, ATj,AlBATa.A,. JAS. T. ROBERTSON, iUMQlON BENTIiT WILL PRACTICE WITH All the Latest Improvements known to Science* ETJFATJIL.A. ALA, ^ D. M. SEALS, A^^TKHEY AT^ I.AW" G^ EUFAULA, ALABAMA.^^:> PRACTICES IN ALL THE STATE AND UNITED STATES COURTS FOR ALABAMA. Advertisements, XXV ^1 WHOLESALE & RETAIL DKALER IN ]^:0il:^mj 511 ei ifi ii * iia|pr'*" WLNISI TOILET J\.I?,TICLES, PURE LIQUORS FOR MEDICINAL USE, BSST KEROSENS OII AND X.A.aaPS, THE FIHSST CIQARS, TOBACCOS AHD SSUFFS, AND EVERYTHING ELSE IN THE DRUG LINE, OF SUPERIOR QUALITY AND AT PRICES AS LOW AS THE LOWEST. MANUFACTUHBE & PKOPRIETOR OP Bessoris Famous Chill Pills warranted to cure ! McDonald' s Celebrated Eye Water! Abbott's Celebrated Liver Medicine, ' 'Belle " Cologne, the Ladies^ Favorite ! Excelsior Baking Powder, &c. Slore,Hortli Side ofBroai Slreet,Slp of tie (joWen Eagle I Mortar FhjSiQimm^" Frmripii&m& accurately and promptly cotnpounded, either by the Proprietor or an equally experienced Pharmaceutist, the best materials only being employed, and at unusually low prices. ^ > < E^ Customers treated with courtesy and attention, and satisfaction guaranteed in every particular. Favors respectfully solicited. xxvi Advertisements. JOHN M^NAB, CORNER BROAD AND RANDOLPH STREETS, BUYS AND SELLS EXCHANGE ON ALL THE PRINCIPAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES, AND ALSO ON LIVERPOOL AND OTHER FOREIGN COUNTRIES. * Receives Deposits, and Transacts all kinds of Busi- ness Customary in all Regular Banking Houses, * ATTENDS TO COLLECTIONS, AND REMITTANCES MADE WITH PROMPTNESS. ALSO MAKES ADVANCES ON COTTON SHIPMENTS TO ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD. OS^ WMMEMFBMBMMm ^SO National Bank of the Republic New York Hopkins, Dwight & Co New York Brown, Brothers fe Co New York Brown, Shipley & Co Liverpool UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. MAY 1 n 195S E C E J \ MAIN LOAN DESK N0V10l9r4 R&'D tD-ORC Form L9-42m^8,'49 (65573)444 THE LIBRAI?.Y LOS ANGELES UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY