UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION BERKELEY 4, CALIFORNIA ARRANGEMENT OF LABOR-CAMP STRUCTURES L. W. NEUBAUER 1 and H. L. BELTON 2 This leaflet is one of a series prepared to aid fanners in selecting farm-labor housing dur- ing the war, in securing semipermanent struc- tures, and in grouping the various units to best advantage. These structures meet the require- ments of the State Labor Housing and Sanitation Act. They have been approved by the Division of Immigration and Housing. Plans Included Below are listed, by number and title, the plans that have been issued in this series. Any or all of the structures described in these plans may enter into the problem of camp arrangement , discussed in the present leaflet. B-HD. Details (usually included with plans) B-Hl. A Four-Man Canvas-Roof Cabin B-H2. A Two-Man Bunkhouse B-H3. A Six-Man Bunkhouse B-H4. A Two-Room Family Unit with Bath B-H5. A Two-Room Bathhouse for Men and Women B-H6. A Farm-Labor Mess Hall with Kitchen B-H7. Camp and Field Privies B-H8. Labor-Camp Equipment B-H9. A Twelve-Man Bunkhouse B-H10. Bunkhouse with Separate Rooms B-Hll. Arrangement of Labor-Camp Structures The plan for each building gives the floor layout, the end elevation, and a perspective; also a bill of materials, with certain other details. Size of Camps These plans can be arranged in various combina- tions for a camp of any size. Beginning with the smallest unit, for one or two men, it is possible to arrange groups for housing scores of workers. The two layouts illustrated provide basically for twenty-four workers besides a cook, a fore- man, and perhaps the foreman's family. Plan 11a is suggested for grouping on a private driveway; lib for a location along a public road or high- way. The plot plans show relative positions of the buildings and suggested distances in each direction to provide convenience, good appear- ance, and adherence to state regulations. The Assistant Professor of Agricultural Engineer- ing and Assistant Agricultural Engineer in the Experiment Station. Associate in Agricultural Engineering. airplane views show the natural appearance of each group, including walks, trees, shrubs, and other landscape features. If native shade trees and natural windbreaks are not already present , plantings should be made for the sake of appear- ance, comfort, and morale. The areas shown occupy slightly less than 1 acre each. The space may be reduced by placing cabins closer together. If necessary, more bunk- houses may be added. Where larger capacities are required, the twelve-man bunkhouse without bathroom or entry may be substituted for the six- man unit. A relatively larger mess hall will then be necessary. Where plenty of land is available, the dis- tances between buildings may be increased, to utilize topographic features such as hills, knolls, shade trees, or windbreaks. If the units are too far apart, however, they will seem de- tached. Requirements and Suggestions Certain features are required by the State Labor Housing and Sanitation Act — for example, the 75-foot distance from privies to kitchen or mess hall. The camp and individual units may well be ori- ented with regard to compass directions. Where strong winds occur, buildings should be sheltered behind trees or hedges. Privies should be down- wind from dining and sleeping quarters. If rains usually come from a certain direction, buildings should be protected by natural topographic fea- tures, and turned to secure the best inherent weather resistance. Where summer heat is severe, bunkhouses should be shaded on the south and west by large deciduous trees. For large camps, where the bathhouse may be- come crowded, wooden or concrete troughs can be installed at each end of the building to provide washing facilities in fair weather. (See plan B-H5.) If the buildings are some distance apart, such a trough may adjoin each bunkhouse. Alternate Arrangements These layouts are suggestive only and will seldom entirely fit a given location. In the il- lustrations, the prevailing breeze is southerly. There will be changes in numbers of buildings, orientation, and other features. This leaflet aims to encourage pleasing combinations, and to remind builders of desirable features. [1] LABOR CAMP LAYOUT for 24 men RH.Ha /4x6' fPrivies > | 6 Men Bai+h »_ 6 16' xM' L J i 1 6 I6'xZ4' Grass Plot Recreation Lattice screen or hedge -j 8 i 6 Men _L- Parking K Mess -88' -35' Parking -16-4- — 25-^ 20' Driveway 1 1 rhio'xi2' | 2 |Cook HSS Foreman _L_t LABOR CAMP LAYOUT for 24 men B.H.I I b □ Pump house 4'xfc' privies,7 ^•Lattice i or hedge! Bath ,- N ' ,. — :- Parking Cook and fo rema n rTT hc'«n' _P- | < 2*'-*U- 2*'— jfll'U- 10+ J—» Lawn Road Lawn Airplane View of LABOR CAMP for 24 men B-H //a Airplane View of LABOR CAMP for 24 men B-H lib 10m- June, '44(729) Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of California, Davis Libraries http://archive.org/details/arrangenrientoflab43neub