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 THE CIIANDOS PORTRAIT 
 
 Of Shakespeare.
 
 AN 
 
 thk 
 
 m 
 
 iar^M 
 
 BY 
 
 JOHN JEEEMIAH, 
 
 (member of the anthropological institute of great BRITAIN 
 AND IRELAND), 
 
 (Author of NoTKB on Shaebsi-eare, and Memorials of the Deban 
 Club, difc.) 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 H. SOTHEEAN & Co., 77 and 78, Queen Street, E.G. ; Eaetcheap, E.C. 
 146, Strand, W.C. ; and 30, Piccadilly, S.W. 
 
 1880.
 
 PR 
 
 jonaa Ji«u^, Jsij., 
 
 WHOSE MANY ACTS OF KINDNESS AND BNCOPEAGEMENT 
 
 HAVE LAID ME UNDEE A DEEP SENSE OE 
 
 INDEBTEDNESS, 
 
 I DEDICATE 
 
 i;his f O0I1, 
 
 with hbaetfelt 
 Gratitude. 
 
 John Jeremiah.
 
 FOEEWOEDS. 
 
 HE spread of Slmkespcarean Literature, especially of 
 recent years, and the conseqiient growth of con- 
 troversy regarding the views of every new exponent 
 of the works and text of the great dramatist, have 
 become matters of such magnitude, that the student, and indeed 
 the casual reader, may stand aghast, or fly the arena of Shakes- 
 pearean criticism, and seek sweet solace in the simple, but perhaps 
 archaic, text of the First Folio, with a resolution to pass over 
 the words now obsolete or misprinted, and rely upon one's own 
 interpretation of the poet's meaning of passages that may appear 
 obscure or involuted ; such a spirit of resignation is highly com- 
 mendable, but there is something to be said on the side of the 
 commentators and elucidators. The Text of the quarto and folio 
 editions of the separate and collected plays, fairly admits of critical 
 examination. Words are used that have no apparent meaning in 
 the form therein printed ; and the quarto and folio versions do not 
 always agree. Excisions and additions have been made, that tend 
 to further beautify the mode or form of expression; passages from 
 previous writers, occur in the plays, that manifestly show that Shakes- 
 peare adapted, assimilated, and endowed with a life and grace 
 unknown before his time; the rough and faded sketch was touched, 
 and form and beauty stepped from the canvas to captivate the mind 
 of man for all time. The Sources of the plays form a separate branch 
 of enquiry, and can hardly be ignored, even by the most irascible 
 opponent of Shakespearean criticism. To know from whence 
 Shakespeare gleaned the outlines of many of his plots, enlarges 
 one's knowledge of literary and general history, and brings one 
 into closer communion with the traditions, mythical or real, that 
 were current in, and before, his day. Novels and popular historical 
 tales were alike made to supply materials for the glorious edifice 
 he was building up, and critical as we may be, and chary of
 
 assenting to a belief in the solidity of the mere goBsamer of 
 medieval fiction and superstition, yet, when looked at through the 
 medium of Shakespeare, we feel a new interest in the fables of the 
 early chroniclers and story-tellers, and would fain accept that 
 which, handled by another hand, would be rejected as mere figments 
 and waifs of a dark and ignorant age. 
 
 It is hoped then that sufficient reasons have been adduced, for 
 kindly tolerating the existence of the immense company of com- 
 mentators and elucidators, and the Ijeginner in, if not the pro- 
 nounced student of, Shakespearean Study may do well to look into 
 the books of such -nTiters, and sift, where possible, the corn from 
 the chaff ; to aid such, the following Hand List has been drawn 
 up. with such remarks upon the books nnd articles relating more 
 or li'ss to the life and wui-ks of tlic iir:iiri;it ist. that tiiiiv sci'vo as :i 
 u'uidi'. Olivi.iiih:l_v, the sri)j)f lirinL,' I'xtcnsivr. many iti^ns i>f 
 iiiip.prtar\cr liavr t.i !>.• l(H,kc<l fur, in K.",ks fspn-ialiy. tliat di' n..t 
 
 iri.lii'al.' hy their tith's ttie (Mntcnts. su f;a- us tl I'jci-t her.- 
 
 Iri'ati-ii nt it- i-iiiict.-rni'd ; these are iiii-ludeil in their ])hii-e. aeeor- 
 ding to date. As regards miscellaneous (periodical) literature, 
 hundreds of magazines and weekly journals have been ransacked, 
 and those of any transient or permanent importance are herein 
 given, with reference to year and day, and in many cases the gist 
 of an article or communication is given in epitome, and commented 
 upon, with as little bias as possible. ' 
 
 In an object of this character, it is not made of first importance 
 to give a bibliography of Shakespeare ; many works are necessarily 
 omitted, and many others will occur to the reader ; for instance — 
 Mrs. Cowden Clarke's Concordance to the Plays of Shakespeare is 
 not given, but every student should possess it ; the Cambridge 
 Shakespeare, which is valuable for its readings of quartos, folios, 
 and subsequent editions, should be consulted in conjunction with 
 Mr. H. 11. Furness's Variorum Shakespeare; so far as the latter 
 has proceeded, reference to which will be found under 1M73 in the 
 List ok Works. For the meanings <>f words, etc., Schmidt's 
 Shakesyeare Lexicon is indispeiisal'le : and to ohtain an idea of 
 England in the Elizabethan era. tlie valualile edition of William 
 Harrison's Description of England (New Shakspere Society Publi- 
 cation, 1877) should be consulted. 
 
 1 The MugazincH and Weekly JournalH examined, are those iHsued within the 
 past sLrleen yearn.
 
 The scope of this little book does not strictly comprehend the 
 study of the Pre-Shakespearean Drama, but for those desirous of 
 working in this field the following works are recommended : — 
 
 A Dissertation on the Pageants or Dramatic Mysteries Anciently 
 performed at Coventry, ^c, by T. Sharp. 1825. 
 
 The Towneley Mysteries. Being Vol. 1 of The Surtees Society's 
 Publications. 1836. 
 
 A Collection of English Miracle-Plays or Mysteries, clfc, by 
 by William Marriott, Ph. D. 1838. 
 
 The Skryvener's Play, The Lncredulity of St. Thomas. Edited by 
 J. Payne Collier, Esq., F.S.A. 1859. Being Vol. IV. of The 
 CamdfK MisffJliMiij. Camden Sorifty' s I'lihUi-nt iim. 
 
 Tntfivstiiig accounts of the Mirarlc-Plays will also l.c fium«i in 
 Ulrici's Shakipeare' s Art, given in the List of Works under 187(J ; 
 The Ober-Ammergau Passion Play, by the Rev. Malcolm Mac Coll, 
 M.A., 1880, (vide, Iniroductioii) , Miracle Plays and Sacred Dramas : 
 An Historical Survey, by Dr. Kai"l Hase, Trans, by A. W. Jackson, 
 and edited by the Eev. W. W. Jackson, 1880. Hone's Ancient 
 Mysteries (sub. 1823), and Halliwell's, Ludus Coventrice, (1841 vide. 
 Note to Kemp, 1840 in List of Works,) may also be added to 
 this list. These works will be found invaluable, as they really 
 contain, with the volume of the Chester Plays, Edited by T. Wright, 
 (Old Shakespeare Society's Publication 1843), all that is to be said 
 on this branch of study. - 
 
 The student will benefit, largely, by extending his reading to the 
 history of the dramatist's reception, through his works, on the 
 Continent, and for this purpose the following will be found of great 
 service : 
 
 Shakespeare in Germany in the ICdh and 17 th Centuries; an 
 Account of English Actors in Germany, <S;'c. by Albert Cohn. 1865. 
 How Shakespeare became Popular in Germany, by Eleanor Marx. 
 (In The Gentleman's Magazine for June, 1880), and Shakespeare in 
 France, by Dr. John Doran {Vide, The Nineteenth Century, in List 
 OF Selected Articles, sub. 1878. May.) 
 
 - As most of these works are not easily obtainable, the i-eader will find this sub- 
 ject fully dealt with in, The Era, July ist, 1877. Art: " The Mysteries and Moral- 
 ities of the Early English Stage."
 
 The quarrels of Shakespearean critics occupy now-a-daye rather 
 a conspicuous place in our periodical and pamphlet literature, which 
 occasionally burst into volcanic fury; signally, the apparently 
 never-ceasing feud between Mr. F. J. Furnivall and Mr. A. C. 
 Swinburne; which has the mastery of invective and incisiveness of 
 style, may be easily determined by him who will run and read ; in 
 their place will be found some references to the letters of these 
 Shakespeareans, to which is added, in the List op Wobkb, under 
 1876 (merely to complete this curious and diverting literature), 
 the extraordinary pamphlet entitled Furnivallos Furioso. Anyone 
 calmly and dispassionately reading it, will at once sympathise with 
 the seholar attacked, whose humility and kindness to those from 
 whom he may differ, are universally recognised : and whose services 
 rendered to the cause of Shakespearean study are invaluable. 
 Ever ready to respect the views of others, he is always anxious to 
 avoid all forms of personality in the discussion of topics concerning 
 the works of the poet. Egotism will not be found on his side in 
 the various disputes, and pity it is that literary discussions cannot 
 be conducted in the same high spirit on the other side. Modesty was 
 taught to be a virtue by the great luminary, and the right to one's 
 opinion upon metrical or other tests has not, and can never be, 
 usurped. The pamphlet, however, may be read without the appre- 
 ciation of Shakespeare being in any way endangered, or his fame 
 lessened. 
 
 Added hereto are a few Notes on Shakespeare, which the writer 
 has had struck off the stereotype plate of a brochure, presented to 
 the Urban Club on the occasion of their Shakespearean Festival, 
 held on the 24th of April, 1876, under the presidency of the late 
 esteemed and accomplished scholar. Dr. John Doran, and which 
 has been incorporated in Notes on Shakespeare, and Memorials of 
 the Urban Club, London, 1876, and in the privately printed enlarged 
 edition of 1877. 
 
 J. Jeremiah. 
 
 Kbswick House, 
 
 Quadrant Road, Canonburt, N., 
 June 26th, 1880.
 
 imh ^ki 0f Moxh mh %xMt%, 
 
 (with condensed notes,) compiled as 
 
 AN AID TO SHAKESPEAREAN STUDY. 
 (Selected from my Library.) 
 
 I.— LIST OF WOEKS. 1 
 
 Those marked with an asterisk (*) can be recommended to the 
 beginner in the Study of the Dramatist and his Works. Many other 
 valuable Works, than those mentioned, will suggest themselves to the 
 general reader. 
 
 The sign f indicates those Works that have become very scarce and 
 not easily procurable. 
 
 The sign \\ are Privately Printed Works, and are not obtainable 
 through the ordinary channels. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 1623. *The First Folio. Fac-simile Eeprint, by J. 0. Halliwell- 
 Phillijjps, F.K.S., 1876. (Indispensable to the student.) 
 
 1623 (?). fA Tragi-Coomodie. Called The Witch, by T. Middleton. 
 Reprinted by J. Nicholls, 1778. (Interesting in regard 
 to Macbeth.) 
 
 1691. *tAn Account of the English Dramatick Poets, by Gerald 
 Langbaine. 
 
 1726. fk Compleat Catalogue of All the Plays, &c. Printed for 
 W. Mears. 
 (Founded upon Langbaine). 
 
 1767. *An Essay on the Learning of Shakespeare, by E. Farmer, 
 B.D. (2nd ed.) 
 (On the question of Shakespeare's alleged ClaBsical Learning.) 
 
 1774. *A Philosophical Analysis, &c. of some of Shakespeare's 
 Eemarkable Characters, by W. Eichardson. 
 (Treats of Macbeth, Hamlet, Jacques, and Imogen, with moralisingB.) 
 
 1778. fThe Fashionable Tell-Tale. Dedicated to David Garrick,Esq. 
 (For spurious Shakespearean anecdotes). 
 
 1781. *tThe History of English Poetry, by Thomas Warton, B.D. 
 (1st Edition, 3 Vols.)^ 
 (In Vol. 3, an account of the general character of the Elizabethan poets.) 
 
 1783. *Eemarks, Ac. on the Facts and Notes of the last Edition of 
 Shakespeare, by J. Eitson. 
 
 (Contains many reasonable emendations. Attacks Steevens' Notes in 
 his edition.) 
 1796. *An Inquiry into the Authenticity of Certain Papers, &c., 
 by E. Malone, 
 (An exposi of the Ireland Forgeries.) 
 
 1 Quarterly Reviews are classified as Works. 
 
 2 Later editions of this valuable work, may bo consulted, especially the one in 
 4 vols, by "W. C. Hazlitt. Riteon'g edition is too full of valueless ascerbities, and 
 mar that editor's scholarship.
 
 X. 
 
 1797. fMacbeth: A Tragedy, Ac, with Notes by Harry Eowe. 
 
 (For some novel emendatit)us). 
 
 1799. fVortigern : An Historical Play, &c., by W. H. Ireland. 
 With an original Preface, &c. 1832. (A Shakespeare fabri- 
 cation.) ■* 
 (The most celebrated of the Ireland Forgeries.) 
 
 1801. *tBarker's Continuation of Egerton's Theat : Remembrancer, 
 etc. by W. C. Oulton. * 
 
 (A Catalogue of Plays.) 
 
 1807. *Comments on the Commentators on Shakespeare, by H.J. Pye. 
 
 (AnuncomprumiKingattaokupon. and cTpoxeof. the vagaries of Steevens, 
 
 Johnson, Malune. Hit.son. tSiC. in textual emendations; in some 
 
 instances deserved, ((iives some curious counter emendations of the 
 
 text.) 
 
 „ *Ob8ervations on the Fairy Queen of Spenser, by Thomas 
 Warton, A.M. A new edition (2 vols.) 
 
 {In vol. I. p. 179 w-ill be found portions of the Ballad of Gemutus. the 
 Jptr (if Vcnicf. with remarks thereon. He suggests that Shakespeare 
 r.ipied I'riini this luillad. and altererl OfriinlVf tn Shyl'irk.)' 
 
 18(>'.>. t'l'he Theatrical Hamiuet, A.r-., by W. Oxbi-rry {'l vols.) 
 
 il-'..r :uii''-i1mi..s ■>r ShakHsjiearfaii .\i-t'ir.~.l 
 
 KMl. tA T'nir iu Quest of Genoaldyy. Ai-.. I'V a liarrist.T (by 
 Fentou of iiristol). 
 (Containing Shakespeare fabrioations.) 
 
 1823. *tKing Henry VIII, fic. with Prefatory Eemarks by W. 
 
 Oxberry, Comedian. 
 (Gives the Stage history of Henry VI 1 1 and The Winter's Tale.) 
 
 „ *Ancient Mysteries Described, &c., by William Hone. 
 
 (Contains a long ehaptor on " llearne's Print of tlie Descent into Hell," 
 and reviews the various meanings suggested, of Shakeapoare'g uBfi 
 of the words "Aroint thee, witchl " ,^ac6e<A Act 1. s. 3. and " And 
 aroynt thee, witch, aroynt thee!" Kiny Lear Act iii, g. 5. Hone 
 Buggests. aroint, — aroynt, — arougt,— a summons to assemble. Vids 
 p.p. 138-147). 
 
 1824. •Reliques of Ancient EngUsh Poetry, by Bishop Percy. 
 
 (4 vols., 6th ed.) ^ 
 (See chapter on the Origin of Stage). 
 
 [No Date] Fairy Legends and Traditions of the South of Ireland, by 
 T. Crofton Croker, Esq A new and coiiipletod edition 
 editt'd by T. Wright, Esc|., M.A., A'c, with a Memoir by 
 his son T. F. Dillon Croker, Ksfi., F.S.A. 
 (For a remark at p. 201 on theCommentiitoraon Shakespeare, deriving 
 the Puck of the Miilxummer Nigld's Drenm. from the Pouk or Pbuoka, 
 from which the author appears to differ). 
 
 1S33. *Tlie Fairy Mythology, by T. Keightley. (2 Vols.) 
 
 ( In Vol. i, an account af the Fairy-lore of Shakespeare, page 118, ei teq.) 
 
 ^ .\n immense amount of lilprature upon the Ireland (."untruviTHy, issued from 
 the j)ro«s in the last century: the nio.-il amnsing howrvcr of the satin^s is entitled, 
 " PiiKS.ag<'8 Holerted by Dislinguishcd Personages of iho great literary Trial of 
 Vortigernand Eowena, a Comi-Tragedy." by Sir Bate Dudley and his lady. \Tj!>-», 
 in 4 volumes. 
 
 » Mr. J. O. IlalliweU's work A Dictionary of Old Plays, will bo of invaluable 
 aervii* for Plays of the Shakebpeareau period. 
 
 » This Ballad is given in erienao in Percy's "Eeliquee of Ancient En^ah 
 Poetry," 6th edition IHJl. vol i. pp. 16-23. 
 
 '' Other editions also contain this interesting chapter.
 
 XI. 
 
 1840. *Kemp's Nine Daies' Wonder, edited, &c., by]|the]"Eev. A. 
 
 Dyce. (Camden Soc. Pub.) 
 (Introduction contains an account of Kemp, and the parts he acted in 
 Shakespeare's plays. An actor in the Chamberlain's Company.) 
 
 (Shakespeare's.) '' 
 
 „ *The Quarterly Review. March. Art : Hunter on Shakes- 
 peare's Te7)ipesi. 
 (Strongly attacks the theorisinRs of the Ecv. J. Ilunter.) 
 
 „ " On Heroes, Hero-Worship and The Heroic in History," 
 
 by T. Carlyle. 
 
 (A finely written estimate of Shakespeare, but strangely enough, he 
 accepts the unfouniled deer-stalking incident. He says, "haii the 
 ■Warwickshire Squire not prosecuted him for deer-stalking, wc had 
 perhaps never heard of hlni as a poet." Page 94. Edition 1872.) 
 
 1841. *tOn the Character of Sir John Falstaff, &c., by J. O. 
 
 HalliweU, F.E.S. 
 
 (Opposes the idea that the characters of Fastolf and Falstaff have any 
 connection ^vith each other.) 
 
 1846. *A course of Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature, by 
 A. W. Schlegel (translited by John Black.) 
 
 (Fur iE.-itlie.tic critirisTii ..f SluiUespcM iv's inlays,) • 
 
 isl.',i. *St\tdies on Shaksjjere, by Charles Knight. 
 
 *The iEsthetic and Miscellaneous Works of F. von Sclilc^r.,! ; 
 (translated by E. J. Millington.) 
 
 (l'i(/c rem.-irUs on Shakespeiire. To be reiui with great caiitiun.) 
 The Quarterly Review. September, pp. 357 et seq. 
 
 (Shakespeare's description of the deaths of Falstaff, Cordelia, Ac.) 
 „ *Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain, 
 
 by J. Brand, M.A. Revised &c., by Sir Henry Ellis, 
 K.H., F.R.S., &c. (3 vols.) 
 
 (For remarks in passim, upon the Fairy Mythology of Shakespeare, In 
 vol. 2, p. 494 et seq.) "* 
 
 1851. fAn Essay upon the Ghost-Belief of Shakespeare, by Alfred 
 Roffe. 
 (Endeavours to prove Shakespeare's belief in Ghosts). 
 
 „ *The Works of William Shakespeare, edited by Samuel 
 Phelps, (2 vols). 
 
 (Although this work is stated to be edited by Mr. S. Phelps — the actor — 
 yet such was not the case, nis name was used, hut the work was 
 done by Mr. E. L. Blanchard, the well-known dramatist and author. 
 It contains a most interesting account of the Life and Times of 
 Shakespeare, and is intersperseii with many valuaMe Notes to the text) 
 
 1853. *Curio8ities of Modern Criticism, by J. 0. HalliweU, F.E.S. 
 (A reply to a rancorous attack upon this author's Folio Edition of the 
 Works of Shakespeare, which appeared in the Athenu^im.) 
 
 1855. Songs from the Dramatists, edited by Robert Bell. 
 
 (Contains the Songs and Snatches of old Ballads in Shakespeare's 
 Works, with a few notes on some of thci/i). 
 
 ,, *0n Celtic Words used by early English Writers, by the 
 Rev. John Davies, M.A. 
 
 (Ascribes to Celtic sources, some words used by Shakespeare, id. eit.: 
 grise. grize; imp: braid: caddis-garler: bollen: esil. eysell: bi-ach: 
 lateh'd: safe; pick: eoystrel; and putroek. Many of the derivations 
 are ingenious and well deserve the attention of the student).' 
 
 ' For particulars of Kemp's Continental journeyings, vide, Ludus Coventrix. 
 [The Coventry Mysteries]. e(hted by J. O. HalliweU, P.R.S., 1.S41, pp. 409-10. Old 
 Shakespeare Soriety's Publication. 
 
 « 'rhis work has been re-edited, and published in 4 vols, by W.C. Hazlitt, and in 
 many res])eets is to be preferred. 
 
 'J This is a reprint from the Cambrian Journal, vol. H.
 
 1856. *DraTnatic Works of Shakespeare, with Notes by S. W. 
 Singer ; and Life of the Poet, and a Critical Essay by 
 W. Watkiss Lloyd. 10 vols. 
 
 1858. *Bacon and Shakspeare, &c., by W. H. Smith. 
 
 (Advances the Bacon Uyjiotlicsis of flie authorship of Shakespeare's 
 plays.) 
 
 1859. •Bentley's Quarterly Eeview. October. Art.: "Shakes- 
 
 pearian Literature.' ' 
 
 (Gives a very concise review of the early commentators. Attacks Pope 
 for his editorial transgressions. Describes the treatment of the plays 
 by the early players, and corruptions and improvements of the texts 
 and plots; Voltaire's views; and exposes the vain attempts of German 
 critics at ^sthetical criticism.) 
 
 „ *The Shakespeare Fabrications, &c., by C. M. Ingleby, 
 L.L.D., M.A. ' 
 
 (A full account of the Collier and Perkin's Folio 1632, Controversy). 
 
 1860. *The Edinburgh Eeview. April. Art: "The Alleged 
 
 Shakespearean Forgeries." 
 
 (Defends Mr. J. P. Collier from the attack of his critics, with repard to 
 
 the alleged knowledge of tlie forger of the spurious emendations, <fc;c. 
 
 in the Perkin's Folio of 1(;32. and claims him free from such a charge.) 
 
 1861. *Shakespeare, A Critical Biography, by S. Neil. 
 
 (A concise account of Shakespeare, ifcc.) 
 
 „ *PrehistoricAnnalsof Scotland, byD."Wilson,LL.D., (2 vols.) 
 
 (For history of Macbeth, p. 20'). vol. '.;.) 
 
 1862. Three Irish Glossaries, &c , by W.S. (Whitley Stokes). 
 
 ("For those desirous of pursuing the study of the Mythological 
 Manawyden ab Llyr. [the Lear of Shakespeare], this work contains 
 a valuable account of him, vide pp. xxxiv-v). 
 
 1863. *tLectures on the History of Southwark, by James 
 
 Robertson. 
 
 (For a general account of Southwark in Shakespeare's time. The author 
 gives a short but concise account of the Globe Theatre.) 
 
 18G4. *The Quarterly Eeview. April. Ai-ticle : " Shakespeare and 
 his Sonnets." 
 
 (An interesting discussion of the Sonnet Controversy. Deals especi.ally 
 with the Sonnets ascribed as addressed to Southampton. Says " We 
 have now claimed and reclaimed nearly I'iOof the Sonnets as addressed 
 to Southampton, or devoted to his affairs.") 
 
 „ *Shakespeare Jest-Books, Edited by W. C. Hazlitt (3 vols.) 
 (Eeprints of the early and very rare Jest Books supposed to have been 
 used by Shakespeare). 
 
 „ *t-A.n Historical Account of the Now Place, Stratford-upon- 
 Avon, the last Residence of Shakespeare, by J. 0. 
 Halliwell-PhiUipps, F.R.S. 
 (A most valuable account of Shakespeare's home). 
 
 „ *A Shakspeare Memorial (Anon. Published by S. 0. Beeton.) 
 
 (A most interesting account of Shakespeare's Life and Works: his 
 Portniifs ; Stratford-ujwn-Avon ; tlie Eliziibetlian Stage, Ac; 
 with numerous fac-siiiiiles of Signatures, iVic. and illustrations.) 
 
 1 To those desirous of further studying the Com.ieb ani> Pekkins' Folio 
 CONTKOVKUST, the following works are recommended— .\ L'CMrr.KiK View of the 
 SlIAKKSPKARE CONTltnVEKSY. by Dr. C. M. Ingk-by. M.A.. 1Sr,l: A Peview ok 
 the PUKSE.NTSTATE OF THE Sll A KKSI'KARI AN CONTKOVEItSY. by T. Duffus Hardy. 18(!0 ; 
 
 and An InqCtuy into the Gkniikknkss of the Manusckipt Cokrections in 
 Coi.i.teh's Annotatki) Shakespeare. Foi.in K!:!'.'. by N. E. S. A. Hamilton, IROO. 
 (Dr. Ingleby'H A Complete View, Ac. also contains a critical examination and 
 expo$6 of the Dovonahire, ElICBmoro, Dulwich, and State Paper Office, Forgeries.)
 
 1864. *'J'he Loudon Quarterly Eeview. AiJril. Article: "Shakes- 
 
 peare." 
 
 (Contains Goethe's estimate of Shakespeare's genius; and prefers 
 Schiller for pure force of imagination ; Scott for a superior creative 
 genius; and Byron for superiority of description, as for example, 
 his Seige of Ismail in Don Juan.) 
 
 1865. * Shakespeare's Library, ed. by W. C. Hazlitt. 6 vols. 
 
 (For sources of Shakespeare's Plays.) 
 
 1866. *Six old English Chronicles, &c. (Translated). Edited 
 
 with illustrative Notes, by J. A. Giles, D.C.L. 
 (For the Story of Leir (Lear) and his three daughters, Qonorilla, Regan, 
 and Cordelia, as given by Geoffrey of Motimouth, also that of 
 Kymbelinus (Cymbeline). 
 
 „ " Chronicum Scotorwm. A Chronicle of Irish Affairs," &c.. 
 
 translated and edited by W. M. Hennessy, M.R.I. A, 
 {Rolls Publication.) 
 (For Irish account of death of Macbeth, p. 285.) 
 
 1867. *The "Globe" Edition of Shakespeare's Works, by W. G. 
 
 Clark and W. Aldis Wright. 
 
 1868. *The Four Ancient Books of Wales, &c., by W. F, Skene (2 
 
 vols.) 
 (For original story of King Lear (or Llyr) and his Children.) 
 
 1869. *Six Doubtful Plays of William Shakespeare, {Tauchnitz 
 
 edition. Leipzig.) 
 (Contains Edward III. Thomas Lord Cromwell. Locrine. A York- 
 shire Tragedy. The London Prodigal. The Birth of Merlin.) 
 
 „ *Characters of Shakespeare' s Plays, by W. Hazlitt. (Reprint) 
 
 1870. *LectureB on The Literature of the Age of Elizabeth, &c., 
 
 by W. HazUtt. (Reprint). 
 
 „ *The Tempest, with Bibliographical Preface, &c., by the 
 Rev. J. Hunter, M.A. (Also the Series of the Plays.) 
 
 „ •Notes and Conjectural Emendations of Certain Doubtful 
 Passages in Shakespeare's Plays, by P. A. Daniel. 
 
 „ Hamlet ; from a Psychological Point of View, by W. Dyson 
 
 Wood. 
 
 (The writer says: — " I prefer to regard him myself as a splendid 
 specimen of humanity, full of promise, but arrested in his develope- 
 ment, and that too in the very blossoming of his powers.") 
 
 1872. *Clubs and Club Life in London, by John Timbs, F.SA. 
 
 (For an interesting account of the Mermaid and Boar's Head Taverns). 
 
 1873. *A new Variorum Edition of Shakespeare, by H. H. Furness, 
 
 *1873. Romeo and Juliet 1 vol. ~) 
 
 * „ Macbeth 1vol. f •> 
 
 *1877. Hamlet 2 vols. C 
 
 *1880. King Lear 1vol. ) 
 
 (Each volume contains the views and comments of all the commentators 
 upon the respective plays.) 
 
 „ *The Orkneyinga Saga (Translated.) Edited with Notes 
 and Introduction, by J. Anderson. 
 (For History of Magbiod, suggestive of Macbeth.) 
 
 1874. *A Concordance to Shakespeare's Poems (I vol.) by Mrs. 
 Horace Howard Furness. 
 
 • These volumes cont*rn an almost complete Bibliography of Shakespeare. 
 Every Student should have them.
 
 1874. *! Illustrations of the Life of Shakespeare, by J. O. Halliwell- 
 
 Phillipps, F.R.S. Part I. ^ 
 (Contains many valuable facts regarding the Life, and the Poet's 
 connection with Bnrbage). 
 
 *The Philosophy of Hamlet, by T. Tyler, M.A. 
 (Tries to prove it was Pessimistic.) 
 
 *The Still Lion, &c., by C. M. Ingleby, M.A., L.L.D. 
 (For criticism of emendations. <fcc.) 
 
 „ *The Succession of Shakspere's Works, &c., by F. J. 
 Furnivall, M.A. 
 (Being the Introduction to the English translation of Ocrvinus's Com- 
 mentories on Shakespeare [by Miss Bunnett].) 
 
 „ * Shakespeare's Centurie of Prayse, by C. M. Ingleby, M.A., 
 L.L.D. 
 
 (Early allusions to the Poet and his Works.) 
 
 „ *Shakspere Allusion-Books. Part I, by C. M. Ingleby, M.A., 
 L.L.D. (New Shakspere Society.) 
 (Based upon The Centurie of Praise, so tixr aa it -wenl. The Alluiiotu 
 arc printed in extensu). 
 
 „ •Prospectus of the New Shakspere Society," by F. J. 
 Furnivall, M.A. 
 
 (For Metrical Tests.) 
 
 1875. *Shakespeare's Plutarch. (For Origin, &c., of Shakespeare's 
 
 Plays,) edited by th^ Rev. Walter W. Skeat, M.A. 
 
 „ *rairy Tales, &c. Illustrating Shakespeare's Fairy -lore, &c. 
 Ed. by W. C. Hazlitt. 
 
 „ *A History of Eng : Dram : Literature, by A. W. Ward, M.A. 
 (2 vols.) 
 (Of general value.) 
 
 „ Shakespeare's King Edward the Third. An Indignation 
 
 Pamphlet, by A. Teetgen. 
 (Very curious, maintains Shakespeare's sole authorship.) 
 
 [No date]* Shakespeare's Sonnets, edited by the Rev. A. Dyoc. 
 
 (With an interesting Memoir of the Poet.) (Aldinc Poets.) 
 
 „ "Representative Actors," by W. Clarke Russell. 
 
 (A chatty and interesting account of the Elizabethan and later Actors. 
 Contains a concise •• Notice on English Acting.") 
 
 1876. 'Shakspeare's Dramatic Art, by D. H. ULrici (2 vols.) 
 
 (Translated by L. Dora Schmitz). 
 
 „ *Shakespeare Manual, by F. G. Fleay, M.A.^ 
 
 (Fairly good, contains much about Metrical Tests, to bo read with 
 reservation.) 
 
 „ *A Study of Shakespeare's Portraits, by W. Page. 
 
 (On restoration of his Portrait. Believes in the genuineness of the 
 Becker or Kesselstadt death-mask, of the poet.) 
 
 „ *Celtic Scotland. A History of Ancient Alban, by W. F. 
 Skene. (2 vols, hi -progress). 
 (For Uistory of Macbeth in vol. 1, p. 405.) 
 
 •■' ThiR work is complete in itself ; .and no other volume will be published. It 
 contaioR mnny vahmblo facts. 
 
 ' Of this work. Professor iJowden says it 'mny be found useful, if road with 
 OAro, to distinguish the writer's theories from ascertained facts." Shaktper4 (Lik 
 Primer), p 1C7.
 
 XV. 
 
 1876. *A Short History of the English People, by J. E. Green, 
 M.A. 
 
 (For a well-considered and admirable account of tlie Elizabethan 
 Poets, eBpeoially of Shakespeare.) 
 
 „ English Literature, (Literature Primer) by the Eev. 
 
 Stopford Brooke, M.A. (3rd edition). ^ 
 
 (Gives in the small space of six pages [pp. 83-88] a very clear account 
 of the poet's works. It also contains a very concise account of the 
 English Drama, especially of the Elizabethan Period; and not 
 rendered difficult and confusing to the beginner, by Metrical and 
 Esthetic Tests.) 
 
 „ Pui-nivalloB Fiirioso ! and The Newest Shakespeare Society. 
 
 A Dram-attic Squib of the Period. In Three Fizzes. 
 And let off for the occasion by the Ghost of Guido 
 Fawkes. 
 
 (Has been ascribed to Mr. Swinburne. Some have considered this 
 amusing little book, complimentary to Mr. Furnivall, but others do 
 ■ not.) 
 „ Sheridan Knowles' Conception and Mr. Irving's Perform- 
 
 ance of Macbeth. (Anon.) 
 
 (Draws a comparison between Sheridan Knowles" \iew and Mr. Irving 
 acting of the character, and objects to that of the latter. Says: — 
 "But the radical defect of his conception of Macbeth's character at 
 the outset — a conception which tends to transform Shakespeare's 
 
 great play into melodrama gives a want of truth 
 
 of harmony and consistency to Mr. Irving's performance as a 
 whole.") 
 1877. *Shakspere, (Literature Primer) by E. Dowden, L.L.D. 
 (A condensed account of the life and works of the Poet.) 
 
 „ *Shake3peare. The Man and the Book, by C. M. Ingleby, 
 M.A., L.L.D. (Part the First). « 
 (Containing some valuable papers on the Bard and his writings 
 including a critical examination of the Bacon Controversy.) 
 
 „ *The Mabinogion. From the Welsh of the " Llyfr Coch 
 
 O Hergest." Translated with Notes, by Lady Charlotte 
 
 Guest. (New edition). 
 
 (For the stories of Branwen and Manawyddan, children of King Llyr 
 
 [or Lear].) 
 
 „ * Shakespeare's King Eichard III. Arranged for the Stage, 
 
 by H. Irving. " ^ 
 
 „ Eemarks on Shakespeare, His Birth-place, &c., by 
 
 C. Eoach Smith. 
 (A general account of some Shakespeare traditions, and his birth-place). 
 
 „ *Gesta Eomanorum. Translated by the Eev. Charles Swan ; 
 revised, &c., by Wynnard Hooper, B.A. 
 (For Originals of Merchant of Venice, King Lear, and Pericles.) 
 
 „ 'Ancient Songs and Ballads, collected by Joseph 
 Eitson, Esq. 3rd Edition ; by W. Carew Hazlitt. 
 (Contains a "Dissertation on Ancient Songs and Music," with some 
 valuable notes on the Songs and Ballads used by Shakespeare.) 
 
 [No date] 'Nursery Ehymes and Nursery Tales of England, by 
 James Orchard HalliwelK 5th Edition. 
 (Most valuable for the Nursery-lore of Shakespeare). 
 
 s This author's more recent and enlarged edition issn, is to be preferred. 
 
 6 Part II. in the Press. This volume will onniiilete this work, and will contain 
 essays on The Tongue of Sh.: Tests of Aul/iurs/iij> ; Metrical Tests, as applied by 
 Mr. Fleay; Tlie Hamlet of 1603; Conjectural Criticism applied to Sh.; Th« Literary 
 Forgeries of Ireland ; etc. 
 
 '> Here mentioned for comparison of text and punctuation, with the "Globe" 
 Edition of Shakespeare's 'WorkB, and the Firti Folio, IBM.
 
 XVI. 
 
 1877. *Introduction to Shakespearian Study, by Rev. F. G. 
 
 Fleay, M.A. (Collins' School and College Classics.) 
 (A most useful account of the ilramatiHt and hit; works: not so weighted 
 as this autiior's Sliahcfpearv Mantuil, ISTC, with inotric-al conjectures 
 and calculations. The concluding chapter is however concerned 
 with {esthetic conjectures and ought to be read \vith caution.) 
 
 1877-9. *Prof. Wilson on " Time Analysis of Macbeth and Othello," 
 Edited by Dr. C. M. Ingleby, M.A. 
 (New Shakspere Society Publication). 
 
 „ *N. J. Halpin on " Time Analysis of The Merchant of 
 Venice." Edited by Dr. C. M. Ingleby, M.A. 
 
 (New Shakspere Society Publication.) 
 
 „ *Shakespeare. Select Plays, ed. by W. Aldis Wright, M.A. 
 (Clarendon Press. In progress). 
 (Plays issued: — The Tempest: As You Like It: Julius CeeBar; King 
 Lear; A Midsummer Night's Dream: Coriolanus; The Merchant 
 of Venice; Eichard the Second; Macbeth.) (Separate vols.) 
 
 „ *P. A. Daniel on " Time Analysis of the Plots of Shake- 
 speare's Plays " (Series I, Part II). (New Shakspere 
 Society Publication.) This Volume also contains a 
 paper by T. A. Spedding, on "The First Quarto of 
 Eomeo and Juliet." Is there any evidence of a second 
 hand ? 
 
 „ A History of the Shakespeare Memorial, Stratford-on- 
 
 Avon. Published for the Council of the Shakespeare 
 Memorial Association. 
 
 1878. *A Shakespearian Grammar, by E. A. Abbott, D.D. 
 
 „ *An Attempt to determine the Chron : Order of Shakes- 
 peare's Plays, by the Eev. H. P. Stokes, B.A. 
 (Largely weighted with the Metrical and .ffisthetic modes of treatment, 
 but on the whole a very useful work.) 
 
 „ Studies of the Text of Shakespeare, by J. Bulloch. 
 
 (Textual emendations). 
 
 „ *The School of Shakspere, by E. Simpson, B.A. (2 vols.) 
 (For the Plays that were acted by the Lord Chamberlaine's Company.) 
 
 „ *Tho "Leopold" Shakspere, by P. J. Furnivall. (For 
 " Introduction"). (Text after Prof. Delius.) 
 
 *01d Southwark and its People, by W. Rendle, F.K.C.S. 
 
 (For numerous particulars concerning the history of vSir John Fastolf. 
 He says: "Well, I d(j not .say that Falstaff was Fastolf; that 1 
 cannot quite do. Falstaff was very much a caricature or invention 
 of the poet for stage purposes." Page fi2). 
 
 „ *Southwark in the time of Shakspere. The Banksido — 
 Theatres. Stews, &c., by W. Rendle, F.R.C.S. 
 (Contains an historical account of the Theatres in Southwark, including 
 the OInbe. and its site. A most imjjortant work, and the facts 
 accurat<'ly stated.) 
 
 „ Fairy Tales. Their Origin and Moaning, by J. T. Bi:nce. 
 
 (Contains a short account of fairy-lore in reference to Shakespeare's 
 Midsummer Night's Dream, and The MiTry M'ives of Windior.) 
 
 „ The Speeches of George Dawson on Shakespeare, including 
 
 two Lectures on llanilot. Selected by C. C. Cattcll. 
 (■Very interesting and instructive.)
 
 1878. *Tlie Encyclopcedia Britannica, (9th edition, in progress.) 
 
 Art : " Celtic Literature/' by W. K. Sullivan. 
 (For concise account of the Celtic Legends of Queen Mebh (Mah) and 
 Llyr, Lir, or Lear, whiicb formed the groundwork of Shakespeare's 
 Midsummer Night's Dream and King Lear. The art: " Drama" is 
 on the whole a valuable contribution.) 
 
 1879. II Memoranda on the Midsummer Night's Dream, by J. 0. 
 
 HaUiwell-Phillipps, F.E.S. « 
 (The writer eayB: "There is no good evidence that the Midsummer 
 Night's Dream was written any length of time before thp month 
 of September, 1598, at which period it is mentioned by Meres under 
 the title of ^'Midsummer's night Dreame." " The accounts of the 
 bad weather of 1594 are valueless in the question of chronology." 
 He is opposed to the gratuitous and silly conjectures of Elze, Kurz. 
 and Dowden, that it was written to do honour to the marriage of 
 the Earl of Essex, in 1590, as stated by Mr. Stokes in his "Attempt 
 to Determine the Chronological Order of Shakespeare's Plays," 
 p. 48; also to the application of " what is absurdly termed {esthetic 
 criticism," in analysing this play). 
 
 „ II Memoranda on the Tragedy of Hamlet, by J. O. HaUiwell- 
 Phillipps, F.E.S. 8 
 (In his preface, the writer remarks — and every student should well 
 consider the sentence — " That the more 1 read of the tragedy of 
 Hamlet, the less I really understand it as a whole, and now despair 
 of meeting with any theories that will reconcile its perplexing in- 
 oonslBtencies, making, of course, allowances for those that are 
 moat likely intentional." He is opposed to Goethe's opinion " that 
 in Hamlet the great dramatist intended to delineate an irresolute 
 mind oppressed by the weight of a mission which it is unable to 
 accomplish," pp. 13-14. Hamlet "is really a man of singular 
 determination, and, excepting in occasional paroxysms, one of 
 powerful self-control." " Much of the difflcvilty in the intex-pretation 
 of the tragedj' arises from the oversight of accepting his soliloquies 
 as continuous illustrations of his character, instead of being, as 
 they mostly are, transient emanations of his subtle irritability." 
 "A wide distinction al.so must be drawn in the matter of time for 
 vengeance, between action resulting from sudden, and that from 
 remoter, provocation." He then gives the " earliest allusions to 
 the old tragedy of Hamlet, from Nash in his edition of Green's 
 Menaphon, 1689, and one that occurs in Lodge's Wits Miserie, 1596, 
 which refer to a pre-Shakesperean drama, and was played at 
 Newington, as recorded in Henslowe's Diary, in 1594, by " my 
 Lord Admeralle and my lorde Ghamberlen men," "As Shakespeare 
 was a member of the Lord Chamberlain's Company at that time. 
 It is certain that he must have been well acquainted with the older 
 play of Hamlet," p. 19. After giving a very lucid account of the 
 various editions of Hamlet, and the early mode of representing the 
 play on the stage, he concludes this most masterly essay with some 
 very sensible and timely remarks upon the futility of .ffilsthetic 
 Criticism, and says "For my own part I believe that aesthetic or 
 as Mr. Aldis Wright felicitously terms it, sign-post criticism, imless 
 restricted within the narrowest practical limits, is positively 
 
 mischevious and it is, moreover, my present firm belief 
 
 that no two characters in Shakespeare are oither identical or the 
 germ one of the other, that each play was written by itself and for 
 itself without any design of consonance vrith the others and that it 
 should be so read ; but at the same time, it is hardly necessary to say 
 that a longer course of study may modify these views. Those who 
 have lived as long as myself in the midst of Shakesperean Criticism 
 will be careful not to be too certain of anything," pp. 77-78.) 
 
 „ II Which shall it be, &c. — Shaxpere or Shakespeare ? by J. O. 
 HaUiwell-Phillipps, F.E.S. « 
 
 (Advocates the long spelling of the name. Says " that he ought to be 
 known now in literature, as Shakespeare is sufBciently established 
 by the testimony of Ben Jonson and many others.") 
 
 8 All these Works &re privately printed.
 
 XVUl. 
 
 1879. IIMemoranda on All's Well that End's Well, The Two Gen- 
 tlemen of Verona, Much ado about Notliiug, and Titus 
 Andi-onicus, by J. 0. HalliweU-Phillii:)p3, F.R.S. ** 
 (Gives sourcp of the serious portion of All's Wkll that Enus Well, 
 from Williiuii Painter's Palace of Pleasi'kb, litJti, reprinted 1575, 
 lit'iiifr a translation of the story related by Boccaccio in his 
 Dkc'ambkon. ninth novel of the third day. Inclines to the opinion 
 that the original title of this play was '•LOVB'S Labouu'S "Won." 
 whi<'h, if correct, removes the date from lfi23 to 1598 in which year 
 Merc's mentions the latter title in his Palladis Tamia. Upon 
 TUE Two Uentle.mkn of Vekona, Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps. says: — 
 " As a rule it is unsafe to pronounce a judgment on the period of 
 the composition of any of fShakesjjeare's dramas from internal 
 c\idence, but the general opinion that this play is oneof the author's 
 earliest complete dramatic efforts may be followed without much 
 risk of error." Regarding the origin of the comedy, he says: — 
 •• There are a sufficient number of incidents and minute particulars 
 common to the tale above analysed, [the tale of Felix anu Felis- 
 M EN A. written inSpaniah byGeorge ofMontcmayor.c/rca liith century] 
 and to Shakespeare's comedy to show that the plot of the latter was 
 derived either from Montemayor. or from some other work, possibly 
 the old EngHsh play just named, [The History of Felix amd 
 PlIlLlOMENA, acted before Queen Elizabeth in 1585,] in which use 
 had been made of the tale of Felismena." The next play treated 
 of in this book is .Much auu abolt Nothing, the origin of the 
 '■ serious portion of its plot, is derived from one of Bandello's 
 novels, tlrst published in the year 1554, wiiich was probably known 
 to Shakespeare in the French translation of Belleforest." "As far 
 as our researches have yet extended, the probal)ilities are in favour 
 of Shakespeare ha\'ing either been indebted to Bandello. through 
 the medium of Belleforest. or to some early English translation of 
 the Italian novel, which may have been published in the sixteenth 
 century, although no copy or fragment of such a work has yet been 
 discovered." 
 Tins Andkon'icus. After a minute examination of this play and the 
 history of its stage career, the author thus concludes : — "On reading 
 Titus Andronicus once more, I trust for the last time, the Clown's 
 • speeches appear to me to be as much in his manner as any others, 
 and that in them, if with certainty anywhere may be traced some 
 of the , few ■master touches,' if Ravenscroft's edition is to be 
 accepted;'-' but I do not really believe that Shakespeare wrote a 
 single word of it." 
 This volume concludes with some brief remarks upon Shakespeare's 
 name, which are incorporated in his " Which Shall it bb '! &c.") 
 
 „ IIMemoranda on Love's Labour's Lost, King John, Othello, 
 and on Komeo and Juliet, by J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps, 
 F.E.S.8 
 (LovB's Labour's Lost. '• The exact date at which the comedy was 
 ■ written will perhaps never be ascertained. The question is rendered 
 exceedingly intricate by the probability that it received additions 
 from its author shortly before the year 1598 .... The year 
 1597, as the date of the composition of the amended drama, agrees 
 very well with all the external and internal evidonccs at present 
 accessible." The main inciilents of the jjlay uuiy have been taken 
 •' from some old romantic story not yet discovered." The author 
 doci not agree with some critics who maintain that, in the character 
 of Holofernes, Shakespeare intended to satirize John Florio, and 
 there is a strong probability that they were friends and not enemies. 
 After a long accountof the J/niicimj lh>rs< . alluded to l)y Shakespeare, 
 and additional notes on this comedy, (he play of Airxj Jo/in is com- 
 mented upon, lie alludes to Bishop Bale's play of Kynge Jolum, and 
 describes its plot and cluuacters. He says of King John that 
 " Shakespeare, following tlie custom adopted by his professional 
 contemporaries, having constructed an abridged drama out of the 
 
 " All these Works are pririiUly printed. 
 
 » Bavonscroft ]]utili.'ilied an alteration <jf his play in 1687. He says in the preface 
 as cited by Mr. Ilalliwell-l'liillipps:^"! have been told by some anciently conversant 
 with the stage that it was not originally his, but brought out by a jtrivate author to 
 bo acted, and he only gave some master touches to one or two of the principal parts 
 or characters."
 
 XIX. 
 
 materials afforded by this inferior old play, [The Troublesome 
 Raionb of Iohn. King of Ensland, 1591] but making, as usual, 
 the subject so entirely his own as to preclude the suggestiun of 
 plagiarism in the objectionable sense of the term." The attribution 
 of the authorship of the old play to William Kowley, Mr. Halliwell- 
 Phillipps does not assent to. He says Kimj John must have appeared 
 before 1598, as it is mentioned by 5leres in his Palladis Tamia. In 
 the brief note on Othello, the author cites from the twelfth 
 Public Act of the first Parliament of James the First (passed 
 between March inth and July 7th. Ifi04) which was levelled 
 • ' against conjuration, witherafte and dealings with evill and wicked 
 spirits;" in order to account for the form given to a part of the first 
 act of Othello, where the Duke '-tells Brabantio that his accusation 
 of the employment of witchcraft shall be impartially investigated." 
 (vide act i, s. III.) This Volume concludes with a Note on Romeo 
 and Juliet, which contains the interesting statement that Simon 
 Catling, referred to in that Play, was a real personage and in all 
 probability known to the poet. He resided in Southwark. " The 
 notion that the allusion to this play, in Weever's Epigrammes. is 
 any evidence of its existence before the publication of that work in 
 1599, will not bear the test of examination.") 
 
 1879. Shakespeare and his Contemporaries, &c. by W. Tegg. 
 
 (Of no value and very inaccurate). 
 „ * Scattered Notes on the Text of Shakespeare, by J. G. Herr. 
 
 (Philadelphia). (Some curious emendations, &c.) 
 ,. 1 1 Mr. Swinburne's " Flat Burglary" on Shakspere, by P. J. 
 Furnivall. ** (A fierce attack upon Mr. A. C. Swinburne, of no value). 
 „ *" Early Chroniclers of England." " England," by James 
 Gairdner. 
 (A concise account of Geoffrey of Monmouth's History of the Kings of 
 Britain, also of Hall and Hol/ingsliead's Chronicles, from which 
 Shakespeare derived the materials of his dramatised Histories.) 
 
 „ *Hamlet. First Quarto, 1603, facsimile (Photo-litho.), by 
 W. Griggs. Introduction by F. J. Furnivall. 
 (Series in Progress). 
 „ " Old Celtic Eomances." Translated from the Gaelic, by 
 
 P. W. Joyce, L.L.D., &c. 
 (For Gaelic version of the Romance of the Fate of the Children of Lir). 
 
 1880. *A Study of Shakespeare, by A. C. Swinburne. 
 
 (A well-considered and important contribution.) 
 „ * School Lectures on the Electra of Sophocles and Macbeth, 
 by A. H. Gilkes. 
 
 (The Lectures on Macbeth give in a very succinct manner, the plot, and 
 and an analysis of the various characters of the play.) 
 
 „ ||New Lamps or Old, &c. ? Eespecting the E and the A, by 
 
 J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps, F.E.S. « 
 
 (On the spelling of Shakespeare's name — maintains the full spelling 
 viz., Shakespeare.) 
 
 (A re-examination of the question of the spelling of the poet's name. 
 Most students will probably consider the following passages as 
 finally settling this problem : — "A distinguished scholar." says the 
 author, '-has just pointed out to me — and it is, as, in the case of the 
 management of the egg by Columbus, most singularly curious 
 so obvious a fact should have escaped the notice of all others — 
 that the character following the letter k is the then well-known 
 and accepted contraction for es i There cannot be a doubt on this 
 point, and therefore the poet's last signature appears in his own 
 selected literary form of Shakespeare.") 
 *" British Goblins, "Welsh Folk-lore, &c.," by Wirt Sikes. 
 
 (For Shakespeare's use of Welsh folk-lore, and origin of his Queen ilab., 
 in Ronieo and Juliei and Titania, in Midsummer Night's Dream.) 
 „ *Teutonic Mythology, by Jacob Grimm ; translated by 
 James Steven Stallybrass. Vol. I. (In progress.) 
 
 (For Origin of the Weird Sisters, Macbeth, Chap. Norni, p. 407). 
 
 •* All these Works are privately printed. 
 1 Vide Fac-similes of the signatures.
 
 SELECTED AETICLES, &c. 
 
 IN 
 
 MONTHLY MAGAZINES AND PERIODICALS. 
 
 DATE. 
 
 "The Athenaeum." 
 1868. Jan. 18. *" The Taming of the Shrew." (VariouB emenda- 
 tions, &c.) by Dr. Karl Elze. 
 
 „ Feb. 22. " Pronunciation of Shakspeare," by J. T. Burgess. 
 (Says, "A limited acquaintance with the dialect of War- 
 wiclishire is sufficient to show the phonetic character 
 of many of the poet's words and phrases.") 
 
 „ Sept. 12. "Dog will have his hay (alters to day)," by 
 H. R. Forrest. 
 
 1809. Feb. 20. *" Two passages in Hamlet," by Dr. K. Elze. 
 
 (On '-gyves to graces. Act IV., s. 7. SuggoBts alteration of 
 graces \o graven. — a "part of chivahic armour and an 
 emblem of Knighthood", and "his tenures and his 
 tricks." Act V., s. 1. Suggests removal of tenures 
 four lines in/ra and altering this word to tenements). 
 
 „ 27. Ditto, by A. HaU. 
 
 (Differs from Professor Elze, and prefers gibes for "gyves," 
 and lets " graces" stand.) 
 
 „ Aug. 7. " The Shakespeare Autograph," by J. Burtt. 
 
 „ Nov. 27. "Shakespeare and the Printers," by J. O.Halliwell. 
 (A reply to a previous correspondent, (Nov. 20th) upon a 
 minute printer's variation in different copies of the First 
 Folio.) 
 
 1870. Mar. 19. " The Cambridge Shakespeare," by H.H.Fumess. 
 
 (In reply to a letter which appeared in this paper for 
 January 29th, ISTO, by Mr. Aldis Wright. Mr.FurnesB 
 vindicates himself from the " direct charge of ' gross 
 misrepresentation,' contained as Mr. Wright alleges," 
 in the prospectus of his "New Variorum" edition. 
 Rather than submit to the charge, also of a breach of 
 copyright, " I give up at once the proposed use of the 
 Cambridge Editor's • text and notes." " 
 
 „ July 9. " Defeat for disseat" in Macbeth, by P. A. Daniel. 
 
 „ Aug. C. ^"i2«na£ra<e's£i/es'' in Komeo and Juliet, by T.L.B. 
 (Suggests " Wandering Stars.") 
 
 „ Sept. 10. "Do you Love Me, Master?" in the Tempest, 
 Act IV., s. i, by A. H. 
 (Suggests that Ariel " fishes for a compliment.") 
 
 „ Sept. 20. *" Certain Imperfectly Understood Words, common 
 
 with Chaucer and Shakspeare," by A. E. Brae 
 
 (Tak(-B and attempts to explain the words: Fedarie, 
 
 Federarie, Fa'darie. Fodeorie; Windre, Windred, 
 
 Windring, and others).
 
 1871. April 1. 
 
 1872. Mar. 16. 
 
 July 27. 
 
 Review of a book entitled " Was Shakespeare a 
 
 Lawyer," &c., by H T . 
 
 (Eightly ridicvJes the nonsense of this anonymous 
 compiler.) 
 
 June 10. " The Earliest Notice of Shakspeare as a Poet," 
 by J. McGarth. 
 
 (Shows that Mr. Scott% discovery of a MS. tract on " The 
 Excellency of the English Tongue," which is said to 
 contain " undoubtedly an earlier notice of Shakspeare 
 as a poet than any mentioned by his biographers'" 
 (referred to in this paper of the 'iTth May), has been 
 anticipated by Malone in his Notes to Venus and 
 A donis.) 
 
 Oct. 28. *"OnThe Phyrrus and Hecuba in Hamlet," by 
 K. G. Latham. 
 
 (Shakespeare's indebtedness to an old play for these 
 characters, &c.) 
 
 "Euripides and Shakspeare," by F. Cunningham. 
 
 (Keferring to Dr. Latham's letter of the 28th October, 1871, 
 says he gives conclusive reasons for " supposing that 
 Shakspeiire must have been acquainted with the ' He- 
 cuba ' of Euripides," and says further, that Charles 
 Fox had the same conviction vrith regard to another 
 play, the ' Alcestis.') 
 
 " On Fortinbras as a Name ; and on the Two 
 Bearers of it in Shakespeare's ' Hamlet,' " 
 by E.G.L. 
 
 (The etymological hjrpothesis of this writer is, that the 
 name translated, (after dwelling upon its French 
 forms.) into Icelandic and English, becomes Jarnsidhc 
 and Ironside.) 
 
 „ Nov. 2. *" Unsuspected Corruptions of Shakespeare's Text" 
 by H. Staunton. 
 
 (Continued through various numbers to June 27, 1874 — very 
 valuable contributions). 
 
 1873. April 12. *" On Wappened Widow," in Timon of Athens, by 
 M. C.2 
 
 (On Rliadwell's plagiary, in his Timon of Athens, the Man 
 Hater, altered passage to '-warped and withered 
 
 widows.") 
 
 ,, May 24. *" On Woe-pin'd for Wappened Widow," in ditto, 
 by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 June 21. " Cymbeline, Act IV., sec. 2," by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Answers Mr. Staunton's query, " What can be meant by 
 • find the ooze?' " and says " Why, just find the ooze 
 to be sure." . . . " It is not necessary to suppose 
 the actual settling in soft mud, as Shakspeare uses 
 only the words ' easiliest harbour in.' ") 
 
 „ July 12. "A Shakespeare Study," by W. L. E. Cates. 
 
 (On ''Race of Night;" King John, Act III, s. 3, line 39. 
 Suggesting restoration of " race" as in First Folio, and 
 means "swiftness," e.g. '-race." in names of rivers, and 
 sea currents, a familiar example. Race of Alderney , and 
 Teign Bace in South Devon, &c.) 
 
 Oct. 25. "A Shakespearean Discovery," by C. Edmonds. 
 (Announces his discovery of an " unique copy of a poem, 
 apparently unknown, written by the well-known 
 Eobert Southwell." Vide further discussion of this in 
 the writer's letter of Nov. 2-_'nd. same year.) 
 
 ■i Dr. C. M. Ingleby, in " The Englishman's Magazine" Nov. 1865. Suggests 
 " Wappen'd"=hackn6yed, p. 449.
 
 1873. Nov. 22. *"Oq'W.H.' query," in re Sonnets, by C.Edmonds. 
 
 (This writer is convinced " of the identity of the Shakes- 
 peare • W.II." with the ' W.H.' of Southwell's poem; 
 I agree wth Chalmers who says ' W.H.' was the 
 bringer forth of the Sonnets.") 
 
 1874. Jan. 31. *" Unsuspected Corruptions of Shakespeare's 
 
 Text," b'5r Howard Staunton. 
 (Treating of the Sonnets.) 
 
 „ Feb. 21. *"0n the PerUn's Folio of 1632," by J. Payne 
 Collier. 
 (Citing Dyce's estimate of its emendations.) 
 
 „ Mar. 28. " Shakspeare's ' Edward the Third,' " by J. Payne 
 
 CoUier. 
 
 (Enters upon his reasons for stating that this play is 
 Shaliespeare"s.) 
 
 „ May 30. " The Taming of the Shrew," by F. G. Fleay- 
 
 (Merely a rejoinder to an attack made by Mr. Pumivall in 
 the Atheneeum of the 23rd May, 1874. Neither of any 
 value.) 
 
 „ June 24. *"The Winter's Tale," Act 1, s. 2. A general 
 estimate of this passage, and the Play, by 
 Howard Staunton. 
 
 „ Sept. 19. " New Shakspere Society," by F. G. Fleay. 
 
 (A protest against the discourteous treatment of this 
 writer, and says, ■• Had I listened to the warnings of 
 my late friend, Mr. Staunton, I should have been spared 
 this. but. unfortunately, I attributed his well-meant 
 cautions to personal feeling, arising from his having 
 been anticipated in carrying out his favorite idea, by 
 one to whom he had himself communicated his inten- 
 tion." Surely the scholar here alluded to (whoever he 
 may be), could not have been guilty of such a breach 
 of confidence ?) 
 
 „ Sept. 19. " An Early Notice of Shakspeare," by G. Bullen. 
 
 (Directs attention to an early notice of the poet, which 
 appears to have escaped observation, date 1651,) 
 
 „ Dec. 5. *" Timon of Athens." Act IV, s. 3, 1. 38. On the 
 meaning of the word ivop-eyed (suggests wsep- 
 eyed). by W. W. Skeat. 
 
 1875. April 3. " Notes on Hamlet attributed to the Earl of 
 
 Rochester," by C. EEiot Browne. 
 
 (Gives quotations from •• The Poetical Works of that 
 witty Lord John, Earl of Rochester, Ac, 1761;" show- 
 ing " corrections," &c., of Shakespeare's text.) 
 
 ,. April 10. " Is Action Shakspeare ?" by F. G. Fleay. 
 
 (A long letter, in support of Todd's view that Aetion is 
 Drayton.) 
 
 „ May 22. " Early allusions to Shakspeare," by C. Elliot 
 Browne. 
 
 (Gives a few additional allusions, not mentioned in the 
 first edition of Dr. Ingleby's " Centurlc of Prayse.") 
 
 „ June 19. " The Meaning of Aetion," by J. W. Hales. 
 
 (To sh(jw that Mr. Fleay has been anticipated last year 
 in a contemporary journal, by Mr. Minto.) 
 
 „ July 17. *",Shakospeareanlmitations," by Prof. J.W. Hales 
 (On influence of Shakoapeare over bis contemporaries).
 
 1876. Jan. 15. Strictures on F. Q, Fleay, for an article entitled 
 
 " Who wrote ' Henry VI ?' " by A. C. Swinbui-ne. 
 
 „ April 1. " Parallel Passages," by H. Scliiitz Wilson. 
 
 (Points out a passage in Mr. Monro's Litcretius, Book IV., 
 948 — 989, upon dreams, and its parallel in Merciitio's 
 description of dreams, and Qiteen Mab's speech, to show 
 that the same idea forms the basis of the fancj- ; also 
 cites a passage from Mr. Fitzgerald's translation of 
 " Euba'iyat, of Omar Khayyflm," containing the same 
 thought as Shakespeare's, upon the zindiscover'd 
 country. Omar died in 1123.) 
 
 „ May 20. *"0n Mucedorus." Partly by Shakespeare, by 
 J. Payne Collier. 
 
 Ditto by F. G. Fleay 
 
 (Protests against Mr. Collier's assertion.) 
 
 „ June 24. Ditto by J. Payne Collier. 
 
 „ July 29. *" Notes on Shakespeare's Names," by C.E.Elliot 
 Browne. 
 
 (On the names in "As You Like it," "Winter's Tale," 
 "Hamlet," and "All's Well.") 
 
 „ Sept. 30. *" Notes on Shakespeare's Names." (Art. 3) by 
 C. Elliot Browne. 
 
 (On origin of the names of Shakespeare's characters.) 
 
 „ Oct. 7. *" What did Shakespeare learn at School?" by 
 F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Upon the books used in Grammar Schools, co-temporary 
 with thatof Stratford-upon-Avon, andgiveslist of same. 
 
 Gives a list of probable School Books in use at the Stratford 
 Grammar School, about 1570.) 
 
 Oct. 14. *"The Story of Eomeo and JuHet," by Alfred 
 Wallis. 
 
 (Gives the story, from an old and obscure work, " The 
 Treasurie of Auncient and Moderne Times," printed 
 by W. laggard, 1G19.) 
 
 1877. Mar. 31. "Eunawaye's Eyes," by Dr. Brinsley Nicholson. 
 
 (Suggests •■lu-na's-eyes, (trisyllabic)— the moon'.s eyes, as 
 opposed to Mr. Collier's guess that it means Cupid.) 
 
 „ April 14. " The Court of Love," by A. C. Swinburne. 
 
 (An attack — and not very tender— on Mr. F. J. Furnivall 
 (and worth reading, even for amusement), and inciden- 
 tally, on his hypothesis regarding the authorship of 
 Pericles.) 
 
 „ April 21. Do., by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Although not mainly on a Shakespearean topic, this 
 reference is given as closing this controversy; thus 
 the Editor—" Wo canuol print any more letters on 
 this subject." How strange! such ascerbity and ill- 
 nature, and yet about The Court of Love t ) 
 
 „ May 5. " Strictures on H. Irving's Notes on " Shakes- 
 peare," in the Nineteenth Century, by Moy 
 Thomas. 
 
 „ May 12. " Shakspeare Platonizes," by W. Watkiss Lloyd. 
 
 (Philosophizing upon the passage in the Merchmd of 
 
 Venice, " But whilst this muddy vesture of decay. <fec." 
 
 and treating of the Pythagorean conception of the 
 
 harmony of the spheres, and Plato's poetizing it)., 
 
 „ Ihid. "Runaway's Eyes," by Dr. C. M. lugleby. 
 
 (Beply to Dr. Nicholson's letter on March 31st, and main- 
 tains adoption of runau-ays of the Second Quarto.)
 
 XXIT. 
 
 1877. May 26. " Runaway's Eyes," by Lewis Campbell. 
 
 (That it means runaways, a sort of persons most likely to 
 be abroad at night). 
 
 „ July 7. " Shakespeare and Ca.\:ton," by E. Scott. 
 
 (Giving parallel passages from Oaxton'a " Game of Chess" 
 and Shakespeare's Plays). 
 
 „ Aug. 4. " Shakspeare Notes," by W. WatkisB Lloyd. 
 (On the etymology of a few words.) 
 
 „ Aug. 18. *" Shakspeare and Milton," by Prof: J. W. Hales. 
 
 (Showing l)y extracts from Milton's Poems, the influence of 
 Shakespeare). 
 
 „ Sept. 8. *" Shakespeare and Mucedorus," by J. Payne 
 CoUier. 
 (Maintains that Shakespeare wrote a part of this play). 
 
 „ Ibid *' Shakspeare Notes," by W. Watkiss Lloyd. 
 
 (On words " though" or '•through" and "coi>greeing" in Henry 
 V. Act I, s. 2. Advocates though and agree). 
 
 „ Ibid " Father Parsons, &c." by Dr. A. Jessopp. 
 
 (Not exactly within the scope of this list, but useful in con- 
 nection with letter, under date in The Academy, March 
 
 8, 1879.) 
 
 „ Nov. 3. *'• Stratford-on-Avon in 1605," by Professor J. W. 
 Hales. 
 
 (On the possiljle influence of the Chmpowder Plot upon 
 Shakespeare and his writings). 
 
 „ Nov. 10. " Shakespeare and the Dutch Dramatists," by 
 E. W. Gosse. 
 (On early Dutch Dramatists imitating Shakespeare.) 
 
 „ Dec. 15. *" The Merchant of Venice, in 1652," by Professor 
 J. W. Hales. 
 
 1878. Feb. 16. " Shakspeare Notes," by W. Watkiss Lloyd. 
 
 (On the line " Most busie lest, when I doe it," in " The 
 Temppst." Suggests or rather supports, least with a 
 comma after busy.) 
 
 „ April 6. *" The Merry Wives of Windsor," by P. A. Daniel. 
 
 (On the entanglement of the Plot.) 
 
 „ July 6. *" Coriolanus," by P. A. Daniel. 
 
 (On complication of the Plot). 
 
 July 20. Eeview of " Pteprints of Single Plays of Shak- 
 sjjeare," viz. : — A Midsummer Night's Dream, 
 and Julnis Cwsar, edited by W. Aldis Wright, 
 M.A. ; A Midsummer Night's Dream and Ham- 
 let, edited by S. NeU; Coriola^ms, edited by 
 J. Colville, M.A. ; and Kimg John, edited by 
 F. G. Fleay, M.A. 
 (Highly and justly commendatory.) 
 
 „ Aug. 24. *" Shakespeare Notes," by W. Watkiss Lloyd. 
 
 (Textual emendations: King John, Timon of Athene, Ac.) 
 
 Sept. 7. "A Noting of Shakespeare Notes," by Dr. 
 13. Nichiilson. 
 (Diff.Ts fn,i.i viowB of Mr. W. W. Lloyd, in re "«€t« 
 unlnniMcil hrUW in King John, Act III, b. 1, 1. 203. 
 Mr. Llc.yd Hays, " trimmtd up'' is a current phrase 
 for I lie height of feminine adornment." Dr. Nicholson 
 Huggcsis, "a new, or untouched and untrijamed 
 bride. )
 
 1878. Sept. 14. *" Hamlet," by Professor J. W. Hales. 
 
 (Quotes a passage from Father Hubbard's Tales, 1604, as the 
 earliest allusion to this play if a nest of boys, is a form 
 of Shakespeare's "aery of children, little eyasses."') 
 
 J, Ihid " Notings Eenoted," by W. Watkiss Lloyd. 
 
 (A rejoinder to Dr. Nicholson's letter of the 24th August. 
 Athenseum.) 
 
 „ Sept. 21. *" Early Reference to a Passage in ' Pericles,' " by 
 A. H. BuUen. 
 (Cites John Day's Law's Tricks, a play, 1608. States Pericles 
 published 1609, hut acted as early as 1607). 
 
 „ Sept. 28. *"FatherHubbardandHamlet,"byF.J.FurniTall 
 (Differs from Professor Hales sub., Sept. 14 — that nest 
 cannot stand as a Hamlet allusion.) 
 
 „ Nov. 23. *"John Florio." (The translator of Montaigne), 
 by C. Elliot Bro-wne. 
 (An account of Florio, to whom Shakespeare is supposed to 
 have been indebted for his Holofernes). 
 
 Ibid *" Tbe Taming of the Shrew," by F. G. Fleay. 
 (On the date of this play). 
 
 1879. Jan. 4. *" The Moor of Denmark," by G. BuUen. 
 
 (■Was Claudius, King of Denmark, the uncle of Hamlet, of 
 a dark complexion V — Believes he was decidedly so.) 
 
 „ Jan. 11. *" Hamlet," a. 1., s. 4., I. 5., by K. Elze. 
 
 (The word " indeed " should be spoken by Hamlet.) 
 
 „ Ihid. *" The Moor of Denmark," by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Differs in toto from Mr. BuUen. Jan. 4th,) 
 
 „ Feb. 15. *" Another Tragedy by Shakspeare," by J. Payne 
 Collier. 
 
 (That " A 'Warning for Fair 'Women " was by Shakespeare, 
 but had a coadjutor or coadjutors.) 
 
 „ Feb. 22. *" A Warning for Faire Women," by J. W.M Gibbs. 
 (Points out Mr. R. Simpson's anticipations of Mr. Payne 
 Collier's " find," and that he, in 1878, suggested Shake- 
 speare's probalDle connection vsdth it.) 
 
 Ihid. *Ditto, by F. S. Ellis. 
 
 (States " that Mr. C.'s copy is not unique, Mr. H. Huth 
 having one in his library.") 
 
 „ March 1. * Ditto, by J. Payne Collier. 
 
 (" My belief that Shakespeare was concerned in the original 
 production ... was published 48 years ago." 
 In reply to Mr. Gibbs.) 
 
 „ Ihid. *" The Moor of Denmark," by G. Bullen. 
 
 (A reply to Dr. Nicholson, of Jan. 11.) 
 
 „ Ihid. Ditto, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Original position maintained against an attack by 
 Mr. Ebsworth.) 
 
 „ July 19. "Shakespeare Notes." " Coriolanus," by W. 
 Watkiss Lloyd. 
 (Several textual emendations and guesses.) 
 
 „ Dec. 13. *" On Fauors=Ill-favoured," in Julius Caesar, by 
 Dr. K. Elze.
 
 ZXVl. 
 
 879. Dec. 27. *" On Pauor8=Mavors or Mar8=God of Battle," 
 
 by Robert Browning. 
 
 ( Vide, Xotes and Queries, sub. 1880 AprU 24). 
 1880. Jan. 10. *" On Fauors in Julius Csesar, 1., iii., 128—130." 
 
 by F. C. Birkbeck Terry. (Suggests, for Is. 
 
 Fauors, read Ins Fauors !!) 
 „ Feb. 21. *" On Swinburne and Hamlet and Macbeth," by 
 
 J. Spedding. 
 
 (In opposition to the statement of the reviewer of Swin- 
 burne's " Stud}- of ShakeRpeare," that " no one seems 
 to have compared Hamlet with Macbeth." the writer 
 contends that Hartley Coleridge has anticipated some 
 of Mr. S\vinburne's best points, in his '■ Essay on the 
 Character of Hamlet." and quotes from •• Essays and 
 Marginalia." The editorial note maintains original 
 position, and differs from Hartley Coleridge's criticism 
 which is ■' allied to the German misconception about 
 the nature of Shakspeare's marvellous Imagination.") 
 
 „ April 10. *" The Life of Shakespeare," by J. O. Halliwell- 
 Phillipps. 
 
 (Announcing the publication of a series of folio volumes, 
 entitled •' Contributions towards a Life of Shakes- 
 peare." provided there is sufficient interest taken ia 
 the subject to encourage him.) 
 
 "The Academy." 
 
 1870. April 0. " Shakespeare and the Emblem Writers," by 
 
 F. Palliser. 
 
 (A review of a book of thiB title, by Mr. Henry Green, 
 M.A. The reviewer says, " The works of the emblem 
 writers were early translated into En>,'lish, and the 
 object of Mr. Green' s work is to show that Shakespeare 
 was among the host of emblem students, and that he 
 borrowed their help and imagery, either directly or 
 indirectly;" and in defining " ewiA/em," ho says. " the 
 emblem or 'impresaa' was a special personal attribute 
 which the knight wore in the field and in the tourna- 
 ment, embroidered on his surcoat and the trappings 
 of his horse, and had inscribed on his plate, his jewels, 
 and his household furniture.") 
 
 1871. June 1. *"The Sources of Shakespeare, in Novels, Tales, 
 
 and Legends," by Felix Liebrecht. 
 (An interesting and valuable review of Simrock'a work 
 on this subject.) 
 
 1874. Mar. 28. "Mr. Fleay on Metrical Tests," by Mr. F.G.Fleay. 
 
 (Merely a correction of a table inserted in The. Academy for 
 
 March 'Jl. "calculated from the metrical table in my 
 
 [Mr. Fleay's] first paper for the Shakspore Society 
 
 . [Netry Qiyefi a.]Kci I'rfipmliim of R/iyuie in Verse Scertes 
 
 in Blank Verse, by this writer's rliynm te.il.) 
 
 „ Aug. 29. " A passage in Lear," by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (A note on the moaning of •■ challenge." Says, upon the 
 lino " where Nature doth with merit CUALLkmok," the 
 last word means " where your natural relation to, and 
 love for me. claim my bounty by deserving it.") 
 
 „ Sept. 19. *"Po8thumous"in"Cyiiibeline," by F.J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Discussion on accentuation of posthumous. Attack on 
 
 Mr. Fleay's Rhyme test. Mr. Fleay accentuates the 
 
 "u," and Furnivall the "o," in this word. The writer 
 
 however attempts at hard /liltina, and the Editor says, 
 
 " We cannot receive any further letters on this subject. ") 
 
 „ Nov. 14. *" Shakspere not the Part-author of Ben Jonson's 
 
 ' Sc'ianus,' " Vjy Dr. Brinsley Nicholson. 
 
 (Denying the statement of Capell. W. Whalloy and others, 
 
 that Shakespeare wot a Part-autbur.)
 
 XXVll. 
 
 1874. Dec. 12. *"An Allusion in Hamlet. Act. iii., s. 2." by 
 
 F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (On orifrin and meanings of " The Croaking Eauen,'="/» 
 the Gliost of Hamlet's Father.") 
 
 „ Dec. 19. *Ditto, by R. Simpson. 
 
 (A comment on the remarks of the above, and says "the 
 work of commenting should he postponed the work of 
 gathering materials." Objects to the comment of Mr. 
 Furnivall.) 
 
 1875. Jan. 2. *"A Passage in Hamlet," by E. Simpson. 
 
 (On origin of the line " the croaking raven doth bellow for 
 revenge," differs from Mr. Furnivall, who said it is 
 taken from the unknown old Hamlet, and Mr. Simpson 
 says, " I have proved it to be a parody of lines in the 
 old Richard III.") 
 
 „ Feb. 20. *"Tlie Original of Shakespeare's 'Othello,'" by 
 E. H. Pickersgill. 
 
 (Maintains that the play coincides with Cinthio's Novel of 
 the Moor of Venice.) 
 
 „ Sept. 18. "Shakspeare and Queen Elizabeth's Favourites," 
 
 by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (A purely conjectural communication. Attempts to show, 
 by quoting passages from Much Ado about Nothing, 
 Act III., sc. 1, /. 9—11, and Henry V., Act V., /. 24—25, 
 and 30 — 32, that the allusions are, in the former, to 
 "some insolent favourite of the time, A.D. 1600;" and 
 in the latter, to "Essex's assured success, to be in 
 Ireland.") 
 
 „ Oct. 9. *" Essays on Shakespeare." (A long and critical 
 review of Dr. Karl Elze's work) by Prof. J. W. 
 Hales. 
 
 (Especially opposes Dr. K. E.'s theory of Shakespeare's 
 continental travels.) 
 
 Dec. 18. *" Hamlet's Age," by W. Minto. 
 
 (Tries to prove he was seventeen \ " I am prepared to admit 
 eighteen ; I might even, though with reluctance, give 
 in to nineteen ; but there 1 draw the line, and I am 
 quite willing to maintain my original position of 
 seventeen.") 
 
 „ Dec. 25. *" Hamlet's Age," by Prof. E. Dowden and F. J. 
 
 Furnivall. 
 
 (Mr. Minto's view of " 17 years " discussed. Prof. Dowden 
 
 inclines to " 25 years of age." Mr. Furnivall Inclines to 
 
 " quite a young man, and in the gravedigger's scene, 30 
 
 years of age.) 
 
 1876. Jan. 8. " Mr. Swinburne and Mr. Spedding — Shakspere's 
 ♦Henry VIII.' " by F. J. Furnivall. 
 (An attempt at a satirical attack Jupon Mr. Swinburne's 
 position, that this play is entirely Shakespeare's and 
 not part Fletcher.) 
 
 „ Jan. 15. " ' King Henry VIII.' and the Ordeal by Metre," 
 by A. C. Swinburne. 
 
 (A most trenchant reply to preceding.) 
 
 „ Jan. 29. Ditto, by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Controversy continued, but the true interests of Shake- 
 spearean study not advanced. From a literary point 
 of view the satire is weak and strained.)
 
 1876. April 1. " Spurious Ballads, &c., Affecting Shakspere and 
 
 Marlowe," by Dr. C. M. Ingleby. 
 
 (Upon the spuriousneBS of tho Ballads, T/ie Tragedie of 
 
 Othello t?ie Moor ; The Inchanted Island ; and The Atheist' t 
 
 Tragedie, and challenges Mr. J. Payne Collier upon 
 
 the charge.) 
 
 „ April 22. *"P3eudo-Shaksperian Dramas." (Eeview of Prof . 
 
 Delius's work, Vol. II, containing Mucedorus 
 
 and Fair Em), by Richard Simpson. 
 
 (The reviewer remarks that "The plays themselves are 
 edited with as much care a.s such compositions seem 
 to require; but in the introductions we fail to thid any 
 discussion of the reasons which may have led to bo 
 singular a result as the attributing of the plays to 
 Shakspere." lie then considers thoao reasons.) 
 
 „ Aug. 19. *E.eview of Fleay's " Shakespeare Manual," by 
 Dr. CM. Ingleby, M.A. 
 
 (With attacks on many •f Fleay"B views therein.) 
 
 „ Sept, 16. *Review of Dr. Ingleby's " Shakespeare's Hermen- 
 eutics; or, the Still Lion," by Prof. E. Dowden. 
 (Commendatory). 
 
 Oct. 14. *" Shakspere' s Possible Troth-pUght," by F. J. 
 FurnivaU. 
 
 (To account for tho early birth of Susannah, Shakespeare's 
 first child, born May 2Gth, 1583.) 
 
 Oct. 21. Ditto, by E. Peacock. 
 
 (Supporting Mr. Furnivall's idea.) 
 
 „ Dec. 2. " Shakspere's Mother's Estate of Ashbies," by 
 F. J. FurnivaU. 
 
 (Considers the question : What became of the property at 
 Wilmcote, called the Ashbies. she had taken vmder h^^ 
 father's will, after it was mortgaged by Shakspere's 
 father, about 1.'578, to Edmund Lambert, for £40? 
 Many suits followed for its recovery, instituted by the 
 father, -hut." says Mr. FurnivaU. "I think it certain 
 that as John Shakspere had dropped his claim to the 
 land, and sued for damages, John Lambert [Edmund's 
 son] still held the land, and did not give it back to 
 John Shakspere. Why should he give it back ? He 
 and his father had had poBsesBion of it for ten years, 
 and they were clearly entitled to it. by John Shaks- 
 pere's own admission that he did not tender the 
 mortgage money till after three or four years, instead 
 of within two, from the date of the mortgage.") 
 
 1877. July 14. "Caesar doth bear me hard," by Prof. J. W. Hales. 
 
 (Says, " the explanation of bear me hard, contained in my 
 letter of a fortnight ago ... is further illustrated 
 by these two quotations from Chaucer's Clerk's Talcs," 
 viz.: — "Only that point [the Marquis not marrying] 
 his people bare so sore, that flockmeal on a day they to 
 him went." and " My peojile sickly bear'th our mar- 
 riage." — At least ingenious.) 
 
 July 2S. Ditto, by F. J. FurnivaU. 
 
 (Does not differ from Prof. Hales ; only further illustratea 
 the interpretation of the passage, that bear moans "to 
 Buffer, put up with.") 
 
 „ Aug. 4. " A Fresh Allusion to Shakspere ?" by F. J. 
 
 Fiu-nivall. 
 
 (I'pon B.IJ.'k supposed allusion to Oheron. Mab, Cricket, and 
 I'ig-Widgeon. in his ' ('(unnient upon the Two Tales of 
 our Ancient, Rcnownoil. and Ever-living Poet, Sir 
 Joffray Chaua-r, Knight . . . The Miller's Tale, 
 and tho Wife of Bath, 1665." Vide Mr. Thorn's letter 
 »ub.y Au^Bt 18th.)
 
 1877. Aug. 18. 
 
 1878. 
 
 April 6. 
 May 18. 
 
 June 22. 
 
 July 20. 
 July 27. 
 
 Aug. 17. 
 Nov. 30. 
 
 "A Fresh Allusion to Shakspere ?" by W. J. 
 Thorns. 
 
 (Modestly differs from Mr. Furnivall, and suggests " that 
 E. Braithwait's allusion to Oberon, Mab, &,c.. it not as 
 he supposes, to Shakspere and the MitUuminer Night's 
 Dream; but to Drayton and his Nymptddia, in which 
 Pigwiggen plays an important part as the lover of 
 Queen Mab." Certainly worth consideration.) 
 
 " On the word ' Wharf ' in Shakspere," by 
 W. W. Skeat. 
 (On derivation of the word. Says it means " a bank.") 
 
 *" Elizabethan Demonology," by T. A. Spalding. 
 
 (Concise report of a paper read before the new Shakspere 
 Society. An attempt to sketch out the leading features 
 of the belief in evil spirits as it existed during the 
 Elizabethan epoch, more especially with reference to 
 Shakespeare and his work.) s 
 
 " The Religion of Shaksi^ere," by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 ('■That Shakspere does speak clearly about Doomsday and 
 Immortality." Sormets cited: — Iv., 10-14: cxvi., 1, 11- 
 12: Ixxiv., 1 7-8 : ex., 1 13-14 and cxlvi.) 
 
 " Coriolaniis," by Professor J. W. Hales. 
 {T}Mt it was written in 1608. Advanced). 
 
 1, line 165. By F. J. 
 
 " Coriolanus," act 1, s. 
 Fiirnivall. 
 
 (A note on preceding). 
 
 " On Pajock in Hamlet," by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 (Holds that " pajock is a form of padjock, i.e., pad-ass.") 
 
 Runaway's Eyes." Romeo and Juliet, Act iii, 
 
 s. 2. By P. J. Furnivall. 
 (Further illustration that this word was used "in the sense 
 
 of runagates, runabouts.") 
 
 1879. Jan. 11. *" Hamlet Leaping into Ophelia's Grave," by 
 F. J. Furnivall. 
 (Opposed to Mr. Irving'e change of the traditional leaping) 
 
 Jan. 18 
 Feb. 8, 
 
 ' Mr. Irving's Hamlet," by Moy Thomas. 
 (Eeply to preceding. Maintains former position, and jus- 
 tifies Mr. Irving). 
 
 *" The * Macbeth' Witches and Scandinavian 
 Norns," by Charlotte Carmichael. 
 (Suggests that Shakespeare knew something of Scandi- 
 navian Mythology). 
 
 March 1. *'• Shakspere' s Weird Sisters," by Dr. Karl Blind. 
 (An important and learned discussion on the subject, and 
 the staff-rime of Macbeth. " ' His Witches' are an echo 
 from the ancient Gcrmauie creed — an echo, moreover 
 coming to us in the oldest Teutonic verse-form : that 
 is. in the ' staff-rime.' " In this number. Mr. T. A. 
 Spalding writes upon the same subject, and opposes 
 the Eev. F. G-. Fleay's Nornae-Theory. about the witches 
 in Macbeth. Says "that the attempt to identify these 
 Weird Sisters with the Scandinavian Norns is merely 
 reading into the text of the play ideas that never came 
 within the scope of the author's consideration." . . . 
 "It would be interesting to know from what source 
 Shakspere derived his knowledge of Scandinavian 
 Mythology.") 
 
 3 Subsequently enlarged and published as a book, entitled 
 Demonology." 
 
 ' Elizabethan
 
 XXX. 
 
 187y. March 8. *" Father Parsons, Falstaff, and Shakspere," by 
 C. Elliot Browne. * 
 (On some obscure points about the pedigree of FalstaCf.) 
 
 „ Mar. 15. "Shakspere's 'Hot at Hand.'" Julius Csesar, 
 Act IV., s. ii, 1. 23-4. By E. H. Hickey. 
 (That 'hot at hand" signifies "chafing against (the 
 restraining) Hand.") 
 
 „ April 5. *" Hamlet's Leaping into Ophelia's Grave," by 
 A. H. Huth. 
 (Does not agree with Mr. Moy Thomas with regard to an 
 incidental remarli that the " elegy on Burbage cannot 
 be authentic") 
 
 „ July 5. " Shakspere and the Bible," by J. B. Selkirk. 
 
 (Charges the Eev. C. Bullock with plagiarizing from hia 
 book Bible Trutlu and Shakesptarvun Parallels.) 
 
 July 12. Do., by Kev. C. Bullock. 
 
 (Beply to preceding ; an explanation. A trivial quarrel.) 
 
 Aug. 23. *" On Oldcastle and Falstaff," by C.Elliott Browne. 
 (A continuation of this writer's letter of the 8th March, and 
 asks : What were Oldoastle's personal relations to 
 Henry V., 2 ?) 
 
 „ Oct. 25. A short Notice of Mr. J. G. Herr's Notes on the 
 Text of Shakspere. (In Notes and Nexvs column.) 
 (Points out a few absurd emendations.) 
 
 1880. Jan. 3. *" Review of Swinburne's "Study of Shakespeare," 
 by Prof. E. Dowden. 
 
 „ „ 10. *Eeply to same by A. C. Swinburne. 
 
 „ ,. „ Attack on Mr. Swinburne and his book, by F. J. 
 
 Furnivall. 
 
 „ „ 17. Reply to Mr. Swinburne's letter, by Professor 
 
 E. Dowden. 
 
 Mar. 27. " A Passage in ' 2 Henry IV.' " by W. J. RoLfe. 
 (Opposes the Cambridge editors in ending the fourth scene 
 of act iv., wth line 13'2, and says, " In my new edition 
 now printing, I make the change of scene and insort 
 the Exeunt.) 
 
 „ April 10. " A Passage in 2, Henry IV," by W. Aldis Wright. 
 
 (Gives reasons for the Cambridge Editors making Scene 
 V begin with the line, "Let there be no noise made, my 
 gentle friends.") 
 
 „ April 24. Review of Mr. T. A. Spalding's "Elizabethan 
 
 Demonology," by P. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (In the Course of the review, Mr. Furnivall agrees with 
 
 Mr. Spalding in interpreting '■ Atsiwte a virtue, if you 
 
 have it not," as meaning Acquire, Ac The book is 
 
 highly commended.) 
 
 „ May 1. On a jjas.sage in Hamlet III, iv., 160, (assume 
 
 a virtue if yiai luive it not.) by W. Aldis Wright. 
 
 (Objects to reading assimie, to acquire. Maintains it means 
 
 ■■to put on something external to oneself, a form or 
 
 shape.") 
 
 ♦ Vide " The Atheneeum," sub. 1877, September 8th.
 
 XXXI. 
 
 1880. May 8. Ditto ditto by T. A. Spalding. 
 
 (Says assume, means to acquire.) 
 
 „ „ „ Ditto ditto by P. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Agrees with Mr. Spalding.) 
 
 „ „ 15. Ditto ditto by W. Aldia Wrigbt. 
 
 (Maintains original position). 
 
 „ „ Ditto ditto by Professor J. W. Hales. 
 
 (Supports Mr. A. W. Wright's view.) 
 
 „ „ Ditto ditto by L. M. Griffiths. 
 
 (Opposes Mr. Spalding's \'iew.) 
 
 "The Theatre." 
 
 1879. Feb. *" The Emphasis Capitals of Shakspere." 
 
 (A review of an edition of Hamlet, with remarks on this 
 subject, by A. Park Paton. Commendatory.) 
 
 „ March. *" Another Tragedy by Shakspere." 
 
 (A traverse of Mr. J. Payne Collier's statement that the 
 alleged spurious Shakespeare's play of •■ A Warning 
 ftyr Faire Women" is genuine; in this hypothetii, Mr. 
 Collier was unsupported by anyone.) 
 
 „ April. *" The Portraits in Hamlet." 
 
 (Mr. H. Irving's article in the Nineteenth Century discussed. 
 Arguments advanced against his ■^•iews of mental 
 pictures. Vide, The Nineteenth Century. Feb., 1879.) 
 
 „ Nov. *"OnShylock and other Stage Je-ws/'byF.Ha-wkins. 
 
 „ Dec. *"The Character of Shylock," a series of views by 
 
 Theodore Martin ; an Actor ; F. J. Furnivall ; 
 F. Marshall; James Spedding; Israel Davies; 
 D. Anderson ; and F. Hawkins. 
 
 1880. January. *" Shylock in Germany," Parti., by W. Beatty- 
 Kiigston. 
 
 „ February. Ditto, Part II. (concluded.) 
 
 (An account of German interpretation and acting of this 
 character.) 
 
 „ June. " Shakespeare at Home," by Da-vid Anderson. 
 
 (A slight account of the Festival held at Stratford-on- 
 Avon, on the 23rd April last, and commendatory of 
 Mr. Barry Sullivan's generosity in giving his services 
 and those of his company as a free gift toward the 
 Fund for the completion of the Memorial Theatre.) 
 
 "The Antiquary>" (Old Issue.) 
 
 1873. Jan. 11. " Shakespeare Commentators," by J. Perry. 
 
 (A short biographical notice of '• Zachariah Jackson, and 
 account of his Shakespeare's Genius Justified, [1.S19],- and, 
 A Few Ccmcise Examples of Errors Corrected in 
 Shakespeare's Playi.) 
 
 „ June 21. "Shakespeare's Character of Polonius," by 
 William Myers. 
 
 (Says, to represent Polonius on the Btage as a kind of feeble- 
 minded, lean, and slippered pantaloon, whose chief 
 business is to raise a laugh," is inconsistent "with the 
 wisdom and manliness of the advice Polonius gives his 
 son, and the speeches he makes at other points of the 
 play.')
 
 1873. Sept. 20. " Shakespeare as a Theatre Proprietor," by H. 
 
 Writrht. 
 
 (Says •The opportune discovery of J. O. HalHwell, recently 
 made and announced in the Antiquary, see page 111, 
 ante, that Shakespeare was neither a Proprietor nor a 
 Sharer in the Globe or the Black/riars Theatres is one of 
 considerable inportance." The writer therefrom infer* 
 that Shakespeare must have been an actor of a superior 
 order, to enable us to acooimt for the wealth he 
 amassed.) 
 Nov. 8. " Shakespeare's Portrait," by H. Wright. 
 
 (A description of the known portraits of the dramatist, 
 with the writer's view upon their genuineness ) 
 
 "The Antiquary." (New Issue.) 
 
 1880. January. *" Early Mention of Hamlet," by J. Payne Collier. 
 
 (Mentions a MS. list of Books, and one called, Hamlet's 
 
 Historie, dated 1595. Belonging to the Trevelyan 
 
 family.) 
 
 „ Feb. " The Early and Unknown Mention of Hamlet," 
 
 by F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (Says that Mr. Collier will find this mentioned in the new 
 edition of Dr. Ingleby's Centurieof Prayse, p. 453). 
 
 „ March "Was the Cheetah known to Shakespeare? " by 
 Walter Tomlinson. 
 (On "Cheater call you him?" in Henry VI, Part 2, Actii, 
 B. 4. Dr. Johnson says of this word, "one who cheats," 
 and an •■ Eschejitor" [Dictionary]. Suggests Shakea- 
 jjeare meant the Cheetah, "that spotted, cat-like animal, 
 so well known in India.") 
 
 „ Ihid. •" Romeo and Juliet," by W. Eansome. 
 
 (Disputes Mr. Furnivall's statement in the "Leopold 
 Shakspere," that its source is Arthur Brooke's versifi- 
 cation of Boaistnan's 3rd tale in his Histories Trayiques, 
 15G2: and says that Boaistnan's work was not published 
 till five years after Brooke's poem). 
 
 „ May " Was the Cheetah known to Shakespeare ?" by 
 
 Dr. B. Nicholson 
 
 (Ridicules Mr. Tomlinson's suggestion, and holds the 
 obvious meaning — a cheat.) 
 
 "Notes and Queries."^ 
 
 1871. July 15. "Shakespeariana, Three Explanations and Two 
 Probable Opinions," by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 ("Drums demurely wake." Antony and Cleopatra, Act IV, 
 BC. 9. Differs from the Cambridge Shakespeare Editors, 
 and restores to the oriffinal, the word from their alter- 
 ation of, matinly. " I'll keep my Stables. <tc" Winter's 
 Tale. Act II, s. i. Says it means that, Antigonus "will 
 be coupled with her [his wife] as hounds are, and so 
 keep her from straying." This communication is con- 
 tinued, and concludes in the number for July 29th.) 
 
 ,, Aug. 5. "Shakespeare's Rosencrantz," by Walter Thom- 
 liury. 
 (Calls attention to the fact that a "Danish nobleman, 
 named Bosenkrantz, attended the Danish Ambassador 
 into England on the accession of King Jamos 1." and 
 says " It is almost certain that Hamlet (first published 
 In its complete form in 1G04) w.ia written either imme- 
 diately before or at the succosBion of James I. (I(i03). 
 
 * It would make a book of itself, were all the items of Shakespeareana given, only 
 a very few are selected; tho reader will do well to turn to the Indexes to thta 
 valuable journal.
 
 XXXlll. 
 
 1871. Aug. 1 7. " Peacock ; Paddock ; Puttock ; Pajocke ; Polack," 
 
 by Dr. U. G. Latham. 
 
 (Suggests Polack in lieu of Paiock. [ITamlef, Act III, s. ii, 
 /. 295). Says the word suggested, is Danish in form. 
 Its primary sense is a Pole, a native of Poland, and its 
 secondary meaning is blackguard, a Philistine. Those 
 interested, should turn to Bulloch's Studies on the Text 
 of Sluikesj^eare, 1878 pp. 228-9 for other very curious 
 readings of this passage.) 
 
 „ Hid. " Shakspere Notes." — Knight's Pictorial Shaks- 
 
 pere — Cymbeline. Act I, sc. ii, by J.A.G. 
 (Says " Mr. Knight says the sense [of this passage] is 
 
 obscure." This writer alters ptmctuation to remove 
 
 obscurity.) 
 
 „ Aug. 26. " The Latest Shakspearean Discovery," by 
 Walter Thornbury. 
 
 (Comments upon a statement in The Atheiixum of July 8th, 
 1871. "that Mr. Halliwell has lately discovered that 
 Shakspeare and -fellows' were ordered by James I., 
 to attend the Spanish Ambassador at Somerset House 
 for upwards of a fortnight, in August. 1604: and 
 Mr. Halliwell e.xpresses a hope that some of the readers 
 of Tlie Athenxum might be acquainted with a detailed 
 accomit of the visit vi the Ambassador, in which 
 further information on the subject might be recorded. 
 Mr. Thornburj' then gives a rather full account of the 
 banquet and entertainment given by James I. to the 
 Constable of Castile — Juan Fernandez de Velasco, 
 Duke de Frias, — extracted from Mr. W. B. Eye's 
 Enijland as Seen l»j Foreigners, 1865 ; in which, however, 
 the mention of Shakespeare or his fellows does not 
 occur.) 
 
 Sept. 2. Ditto, by J. O. HaUiwell. 
 
 (Says, ■■ the genuineness of the manuscript which has 
 yielded the • latest discovery,' is beyond suspicion, and 
 the complete texts of this and of several other papers 
 of equal curiosity, but of greater value, will be included 
 in a forthcoming new work on the Life of Shakespeare.") 
 
 „ Sept. 23. ''Peacock; Paddock; Puttock; Pajock; Polack;" 
 by T. McGarth. 
 (Differs from Dr. Latham's emendation of paiock in Hamlet, 
 
 and says, " the word pajock is misunderstood, simply 
 because it is mis-pronounced pa^jock. but substitute 
 what is clearly the correct syllabication, paj-ock, and 
 all is made clear. Paj=patch, a contemptuous term for 
 a person — a mean fellow; and ode, diminutive; pajock, 
 OT patchock, a paltry clown.") 
 
 Oct. 21. Ditto, by Dr, B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Advances reasons for adopting the peajock=peacock 
 reading, and guesses about Shakespeare's preference 
 for using this word insLead of " ass.") 
 
 1872. July 13. " Titus Andronicus : Ira Aldridge," by N. 
 
 (Relates the writer's i;\-itnessing of Aldridge's [the African 
 Koscius] performance of Aaron in this play. - The 
 playbill had a long paragraph, which defended the 
 authorship of Shakspeare and threw the gauntlet at 
 aU doubters.") 
 
 „ Sept. 7. " Shakespeare : Macbeth, iii., iv., 104," by John 
 Addis. 
 
 (Upon the words " Absorbed it." Prefers the old reading, 
 '• If trembling, I inhabit then.") 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by C. A. W. 
 
 (Adopts Pope's reading of inhibit, and changes then to thee.)
 
 1872. Oct. 12. " Shakspeariana : the Outward and Inward Eye." 
 
 (jLtu^r Johyi, Act II., sc. 2), for outward eye, by 
 W. L. RusMon. 
 
 (Shows difference between outward eye and eye of reason or 
 inward eye.) 
 
 „ Ihid. " Heart cannot Conceive," by W. L. Eushton. 
 
 (Thinks Shakspeare may in this passage {Macbeth. Act ii., 
 sc. 2,] refer to a passage, cited, from Lyly's Euphues; 
 but the writer has very carelessly, it he knew it, 
 omitted the exact reference.) 
 
 „ Ihid. "Imperious," Hamlet, Act v., sc. \., by F. Rule. 
 
 (Points out the reading of the Folios of Imperial Caesar, 
 Letter of no importance.) 
 
 Hid. " Hawk and Handsaw," by R. W. Hackwood. 
 
 (An attempt at sarcastic wit. at the expense of the tedious 
 emendators of this and the Eysl difficulty in Hamlet.) 
 
 „ Nov. 30." *" Shakespeariana." — "Hank," "Handsaw," &c., 
 by J. A. Picton. 
 (Maintains handsaw as the right word). 
 
 ,, Dec. 14. " Shakspeariana," by W. L. Rusbton. 
 
 (Illustrates a few passages in liceJfth Night ; Love's Labour's 
 Lost ; First Part of King lUmry IV. : and Romeo and 
 Juliet, by extracts from the To.rojihilus of Ascham, the 
 Euphues of Lyly, The Artf of Foesie by Puttenham, and 
 Cote's Reports, This communication is of no value, as 
 the writer has again omitted to give exact references 
 to page, etc.) 
 
 1873. April 19. " Shakspeariana : Conjectural Notes on Shak- 
 
 speare and other Writers," by John Addis. 
 
 (Does not agree with all the derivations of F. J. V., in 
 4th S., xi., 210; takes the following words and suggests 
 meanings : — 
 
 BissON=6/JMd; "Aroint," — says " Douce seems to 
 me in the right direction when he connects aroint 
 with A. S. ryne;" Einbossed^pvahnshed, the word 
 however has puzzled this learned emeudator, which is 
 perhaps not singular. Cock-a-hoop=- to take out the 
 spigot and lay it upon the top of the barrel," he con- 
 sequpntly does not agree in its present slang interpre- 
 tation of " in high spirits.') 
 
 Ibid. "Aroint; Embost; Talents; and Cock-a-hoop," 
 by P. J. V. 
 
 (If his conjectures be right, aroins and aroint will corre- 
 spond to the two French forms, ereni and ^reinti. 
 Embost, — of this word. F. J. V. says, "so far as I am 
 aware, it is only found as a past participle; therefore, 
 if a man said • the stag is en abois,' that might easily 
 be corrupted into • the stag is en or etn bois' and when 
 the derivation was forgotten, a participle termination 
 might be given to it, and it would become ' the stag is 
 embost.' " 
 
 Talents — of no concern, as it does not belong in this 
 letter to Shakspeariana. 
 
 Cock-a-hoi)p= " Cock of the Dung-heap ! !" 
 Such emendations and derivations are evidently 
 indispensable to some Shakespearean students, but it 
 will after all be well to avoid them.) 
 
 „ May 10, "The Earliest Mention of Shakspeare," by 
 C. Elliot Browne. 
 
 (Upon the "Polimanteia" of ■W(illiam) C(larke), wherein 
 is the earliest mention of the poet, and the writer 
 remarks that the allusion is mentioned in the margin.)
 
 1873. June 7. " Shakspeariana : Shakspeare and Burns," by 
 
 F. Eule. 
 
 (Merely points out a few parallels showing resemblance 
 beween these two poets.) ' 
 
 „ Ibid. " As You Like It," by F. Eule. 
 
 (Upon the word, having, being a substantive, in Twelfth 
 Night, Act iii., sc. 4, 379, and .4s Ym Like It, Act ii., 
 sc. 3, 61.) 
 „ 16 id. Ditto, by John Addis. 
 
 (The passage in As You Like It, Act iii., sc. 2, 193, cited to 
 illustrate the controversy continued from 4th S., xi., 
 424, upon the meaning of "having a beard," and 
 maintains that having means possession.) 
 Ibid. Ditto, by W. J. C. 
 
 (Quotes from Macbeth, Act i., sc, 3, to show that " having " 
 is frequently used as a substantive in Elizabethan 
 English.) 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by Erem. 
 
 (Says ' Having," according to Johnson, is noun substantivt 
 and has three distinct senses.) 
 Ibid. Ditto, by CCC. X. I. 
 
 (Shows, by quoting from 0. Knight's edition, that the 
 suggestion given by S. in the former number, is not 
 original, buthas been disposed of by that Shakespearean 
 
 Ibid. " Cock-a-Hoop," by C. A. W. 
 
 (Ridicules the guesses, etc., of the previous correspondents 
 
 [in April 19th] and restores the passage to its legitimate 
 
 meaning, 'cock-a-hoop is cock-a-top, cock-a-crest,' = 
 
 elated beyond reason.) 
 
 „ July 12. " The Prosody of Shakspeare in its National 
 
 Aspect," by Hyde Clarke. 
 
 (A very interesting article upon the use of alliteration. He 
 says, •• There is one point I would wish to call attention 
 to, in the prosody of Shakespeare, that is, a continua- 
 tion of Anglo-Saxon traditions and forms. Its great 
 principle is alliteration; and although some of the 
 canons of the Skalds are not adopted, yet, in the main, 
 the structure is Anglo-Saxon in Shakspeare, as it is in 
 the continuous series of English poetry to our own 
 day." He then illustrates his thesis. Vide also a 
 letter upon the Staff Rime, &c., in The Academy of 
 March 1st, 1879, by Dr. Karl Blind.) 
 Ibid. " Embossed," by F. J. V. 
 
 (A continuation of guesswork upon the meaning of this 
 word, following a communication ly F.J. Furnivall 
 in a previous number, and says, " the old derivation 
 from bosse=a. bimip; a bubble, adopted by Mr. Furni- 
 vall, is the more probable one, and concludes a long 
 letter thus: — " In conclusion, my contention now is 
 that emboss, in all the passages in which it is found, is 
 derived from basse, and in no sense from bois or boUe.") 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by Ralph N. James, 
 
 (Upon the forms of this word, and says that "embossed, 
 derived from bosse, differs littio from our modern 
 embossed") 
 
 1874. Feb. 7. *• On Shakespeare's Pastoral Name," by Dr. B. 
 
 Nicholson. 
 
 (Favours some of Mr. Elliot Browne's argiiments in 
 Notes and Queries, 4th S, xii, 509; upon Philisides, being 
 Sir Philip Sidney; good Melibee, being flist applied to 
 Walsingham, and after his death, Chettle called 
 Marston "yoimg Melibee," but Drayton's application 
 of this epithet 'to some one who was either related to, 
 or a great friend of, Sidney," shows that Chettle was 
 not followed on an authority. Me/icert is suggested to 
 have been first applied, to a statesman or person of 
 eminence, probably Burleigh, and after his death, 
 Cliettle applied it to " Shakspeare of the honied muse.")
 
 XXX VI. 
 
 1874. June 13. " Shakspeare and Thomas Kyd," by C. Elliot 
 
 Browne. 
 
 (Denies Ben Jonson's allusion to Kyd, in his prefix to the 
 First Folio, 162:}.) 
 „ July 4. " Shakspeariana : Shakspeare's Name," by C. W. 
 
 Bardsley. 
 
 (Upon the origin of the name, and says " William Shak- 
 speare. I cannot doubt, was descended from some 
 Oificer of the law, or one who held service under some 
 feudal lord.") 
 „ Ihid. " Love's Labour's Lost," by Jabez. 
 
 (Quotes an extract from a letter from Sir Walter Cope to 
 Viscount Cranborne, dated 1604, in the Hatfield House 
 Library, mentioning this play in connection with 
 Burbase. saying it •• will please her [Queen Elizabeth] 
 exceedingly."") 
 1876. Feb. 5. " Shakspeariana : Black Ouzel," by Mortimer 
 
 Collins. 
 
 (Continues the discussion upon this name, from Notes and 
 Queries, .'ith S., iv., 284, 446, and says, "there is 
 nothing about the black ouzel to give him the special 
 attribute of solitariness."') 
 
 Ihid. Ditto, by H. W. O. 
 
 (Says, '• The allusion in Shakspeare is not to the habits or 
 character of the blackbird as solitary, suspicious, and 
 shy, as some . . . have supposed, but simply to its 
 colour. Shallow's description of Ellen as 'your /atre5< 
 daughter and mine'"" is taken up by Silence ironically : 
 • Alas, a black ouzel. Master Shallow.""') 
 
 „ Ihid. " Busyless," Tempest, Act iii, sc. 1, 1. 15, by Jabez. 
 
 (Continues Note.<i and Queries, 5th S., iv., 181, 365. and 
 exposes a previous correspondent's ignorance (Mr. J. 
 Beale) for writing •■ as if this word were in the 
 text of Shakspeare."' But Jabez does not inform the 
 erring. In the First Folio, 1623, the line is " most 
 busie /est. when I doe it,"" and Delius in the " 'Leopold' 
 Shakspere "' reads " most busiest, &c.") 
 
 „ May 6. "'Window' in Shakspeare's 'Venus and Adonis,'" 
 by C. Sweet. 
 
 (Explains " Her two blue windows faintly she upheaveth," 
 pine 482], by saying "the ' windows " of the eyes . . 
 . . are the shutters or eyelids."' The writer might 
 have also cited -Son. 24, /. 10 — 11.) 
 
 ,, Dec. 23. " Shakspeare and the Bible," by G. E. Watson. 
 
 (Gives an extract from an American pa))er, containing 
 passages from Othello and Macbet/i, and parallel ones 
 from the Bible, and indicates aparapliraseof St. Luke, 
 xxi., 25, 2G, in Troilus and Cressid-a, i., 3.) 
 
 „ Ihid. " Shakspeare and Shelley : ' the Two Noble 
 
 Kinsmen,' " by Lupus. 
 
 (Continues a discussion that appeared in Notes and Queries, 
 .jth S.. vi., 361, 3112, 478. Of no importance in regard 
 to Shakspeare. The writer says ot Shelley. " No writer 
 lias entranced me so much or left so permanent an 
 impression on my mind except Shakspeare.") 
 
 „ Ihid. " Plaster Casts of Shakspeare's Face," by EmUy 
 
 Cole. 
 
 (Continues Note.t and Queries, .'5th S., vi., 307, 376, 417. A 
 short note upoa the supposition that Gerard Johnson 
 look a cast from Shakspeare's face after death. The 
 reader, however, will do better by referring to an 
 •■xliuustive article on this subject by Dr. 0. M. Ingleby, 
 in liii* •iliitkisjiea) e ; the Man and the Book, Part 1.. and 
 u shorter account of the Keaselsladt Minnture. in Tlie 
 Antii/wirij for September, 1880, in which the views of 
 Lord Eonald Gower, expressed in an article of the 
 previous month's issue, are ojiposeU.)
 
 XXXVll, 
 
 1878. Oct. 19. " Shaks-penriana.: Measure for Measure," Act iii., 
 sc. 1, I. 118, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 (Continues Kotes and Queries, 5th S.. x., 83, 182, upon the 
 word de-lighted. Supports the meaning, deprived of 
 light; taken in conjunction with the context.) 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by A. Thomas. 
 
 (Differs from Dr. Nicholson, and holds for delighted, 
 " which merely defines spirit" and that Dr. Nicholson's 
 suggestion that delighted should hereafter be printed 
 de-lighted, would make nonsense of the text.'") 
 lUd. Ditto, by R. M. Spence, M.A 
 
 (Says that "the 'delighted' spirit is the spirit a/ pr«e«/ 
 pleasantly housed in the body, and loath to quit its 
 home for a ' new and untried state of being.' " 
 
 „ Ibid. " The Obeli of the Globe Edition in ' AU's Well 
 
 that Ends Well,' " by F. J. FurnivaU. 
 (Differs from Mr. Spence in -Sth S., x.. 28.5, says, in ex- 
 plaining "4," lines •' Who were below him, he used 
 as creatures of another place," &c., says : — •■ that is. in 
 whose [or theirj poor praise — in the praise of whom 
 [or them] poor — he humbled himself, and not, as 
 Mr. Spence says, ' that in condescending to accept the 
 poor praise .... he ' humbled ' himself." 
 
 " 5," of no importance. 
 
 " 6.' Mr. FurnivaU says, " As to Mr. Spence's 
 'objection that Florence and Siena were not in Higher 
 Italy, but Lower, .south of the Appehines. was Shak- 
 speare a man to bother about niceties in geography ? 
 As Floi-ence and Siena were both north of Eome, 
 Shakspere was justified in treating them as in Higher 
 Italy.") 
 
 Ibid. " Hamlet/' Obelus 4, by E. M. Spence, M.A. 
 
 (Says " I ask Mr. Marsh [continuatinn of oth S.. is., 103, 
 x., 8-3] if Shakspeare did not use the word habit in its 
 sense of dress as well as in its sense of icont?") 
 „ Ibid. " Early Allusions to Shakspeare," by C. Elliot 
 
 Browne. 
 
 (Says, in his former note [.5th S., ix., 162], he " omitted to 
 mention that the Gentleman's Journal for October, 1694, 
 has some lines ■ On Shakespeare,' by ' Mr. G.' [I sup- 
 pose. Gildon].") 
 
 „ Ibid. ''Dante and Shakspeare," by Jonathan Bouchier. 
 
 (Continues -5th S., x.. 165. Asks " How far is Shakspeare 
 acquainted with Dante?"' and says. " Shakspeare was 
 no doubt acquainted with Italian, but whether his 
 knowledge of the language was sufficient to enable 
 him to read so difficult an author as Dante without the 
 aid of a translation is a question which I must leave 
 to deeper Shakespearian scholars than myself to deal 
 with." " Shakspeare must of course hare known of 
 ' The grete poet of ItaUle, that highte Dante,' from 
 Chaucer.") 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by J. J. A. Boase. 
 
 (Upon two passages given by Erato HiHs, in 5th S., x., 
 165. from Shakespeare as parallels. Takes up the 
 second one, from Measure for Measure, act it. sc. 2, 
 '• the top of judgmenl." and •■ height of judgment." and 
 shows he has been anticipated by this writer who 
 "made years since." the following note on "top." 
 " Shakespeare may have taken this from Dante's Piir- 
 gatorio. vi.. 37. 
 ' Cima di giudicio non s'avvalla.' ") 
 1879. May 10. " Shakespeariana : ' All's Well that Ends Well, 
 act iv., sc. 2/ " by J. D. 
 
 (Follows Xotes and Queries, 5th S., viii., 104, 182; x., 84, 
 144, 244, 285, in the tedious discussion of "ropes " and 
 "forsake," in lines 39-40. Favours rope=cry, and 
 /orsaie= refuse.)
 
 1879. May 10. "Marston and Shakspeare," by Dr. B.Nicholson. 
 
 (Takes words from J/amlet. iv., 2. 11. 14-20. and AlCs Well, 
 
 iv.. 2, 1. 7.3 [.yiiindiie and braide respectively], to show 
 
 that Marston in his Scourge of Villanie [1598], preceded 
 
 Shakspeare in their use.) 
 
 , Ibid. " The Tempest," Act i., sc. 2, 11. 168-9, by Dr. B. 
 
 Nicholson. 
 
 (Quotes '■ from the first part of Homily ixxiii, to show 
 that 'foote,' " of this passage is used in the same sense 
 "as though the foot must judge of the head.") 
 
 May 17. " Shakespeariana : A few Notes on Othello," by 
 
 E. M. Spence, M.A. 
 
 (Emendates wife [Act i.. sc. 1, 1. 21], to iHse; motion [Act i., 
 sc. 2. 1. 75], to emolitm : intentivety [Act i.. sc. i. 1. 155], 
 to distinctively; and prefers First Folio reading of 
 Act iv.. sc. 2, 1. 54. \vith a transposition of " for " and 
 " of," to that of the Globe Edition.) 
 
 Ibid. " Macbeth . . . with Notes and Emendations 
 by Harry Eowe . . . Master of a Puppet 
 Show," by J. M. Hubbard. 
 (Supports the hypothesis that this book was written by 
 
 Dr. Hunter of York. Vide List of Books, sub. 1797, 
 
 infra.) 
 
 July 0. " Shakespeariana : 'Ancient' and 'Scamels,'" 
 by J. D. 
 
 (Upon the meaning of the word "ancient " in 1 Henry IV., 
 iv., 2. and Othello, i.. sc. 1. and says it means •• a per- 
 sonal attendant or body squire:" and Scamels. in the 
 Tempest, ii., 2. he interprets as filberts, and bristles his 
 letter with formidable Scandinavian roots.) 
 
 July 12. " Shakespeariana : ' To Make a Man,' " by J. D. 
 
 (Takes make a man. from The Tempest, ii., 2; AWs Well, 
 iv., .3 : Twelfth Night, iii, 4 : and Winter's Tale, iii., 3, 
 and thinks it means "to endow a man with wealth or 
 honour.") 
 
 Ibid. " The Crux of Sonnet cxvi.," by Bibliothecary. 
 
 (Submits that fieight means " to promise or vow.") 
 
 Aug. 9. " Shakspeare in Gloucestershire," by Adin 
 Williams. 
 
 (Supports the idea that the poet visited his relations at 
 Uursley, in that shire. Of course purely guesswork.) 
 
 Aug. 23. Ditto, by O. "W. Tancock. 
 
 (Attacks some of the statements of preceding writer, and 
 shows briefly that Marlowe's writings are -'particu- 
 larly free from provincialisms,'' and further that his 
 assertion that Edward II. is " a peculiarly Gloucester- 
 shire subject," is un.supported, as is also •' that 
 Shakspeare advised Marlowe to write his Edward II.) 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by P. J. E. Gantillon. 
 
 (Upsets A. Williams's idea that Perke's, of 2 Henry IV., 
 Act v., se. 1, is meant for a house on Stinchcombe Hill, 
 [(ilou:] by saying that " Perks is a very common 
 name in this place [Cheltenham], also that there is 
 another Wodmancote in this covmty.") 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by J. W. B. P. 
 
 (Says, "so late as 1812 the Hill Stinchcombe was in the 
 occupation of the Purcha [or Perkis] family.) 
 
 Aug. 30. " Disappointed Hamlet." Act 1, sc. 5, I. 77, by 
 
 F. J. F. 
 
 (Adduces an argtiment to prove that this word means 
 umhriven.)
 
 1879. Aug. 30. "Arm-Gaunt," Ant. and Cleop., Act 1., sc. 5, 
 by J. D. 
 
 (Argues that this phrase means slender in the fore-thigh 
 or fore-leg, and is equivalent to high-bred.) 
 
 „ Ihid. " Hamlet/' Act iv., sc. 5, by Dr. B. Mcbolson. 
 
 (Says of the meaning of this passage: "the ordinary one, 
 that the allusion is heraldic, is doubtless right," and 
 that the word difference ['• rew with a difference,"] 
 means a " distinguishing mark," and that the " punc- 
 tuation of a comma after ' Daysie ' is clearly wrong ; 
 the modern punctuation, 'daisy:' would do very well, 
 with perhaps — as betokening her quick turn to — 
 probably, as Clark and Wright [Clar. edit.] suggest — 
 Horatio.") 
 
 „ Ibid. *" Sliakespeariana." — " Pajock," &c., in Hamlet* 
 
 by H. Wedgwood. 
 (Supports Patdwekes after Mr. McQ-arth.) 
 
 „ Sept. 13. *Rabelais' Influence in Shakespeare, by W. J. Birch 
 
 (Very Interesting.) 
 
 „ Sept. 27. " Undiscovered Country," by A.E. 
 
 (Does not agree with Steevens's and Johnson's explana- 
 tions, and asks for others.) 
 
 „ Ihid. " To Make a Man." Tempest ii., 2, by Biblio- 
 
 thecary. 
 
 (A trivial, but perhaps deserved rebuff to J. D., in 5th S., 
 xii., 23. Of no importance.) 
 
 „ Ihid. "Clack-Dish. ' Measure for Measure,'" 4cf iii., 
 
 sc. 2, I. 134, by W. G. Black. 
 
 On this, the writer mentions that Mr. Syer-Cuming has 
 written an interesting paper on the beggar's chicket. 
 Jour. Brit. Arch. Association, vol. xxxv., p. 106.) 
 
 „ Ibid. " Much Ado about Nothing." Act 1, sc. 1, by 
 
 P. J. F. GantiUon: 
 
 (The word were, he suggests, should be wear.) 
 
 •„ Oct. 25. "Shakspeare in Gloucestershire," by W.Underhill. 
 (To show that there was no necessity for Shakespeare to 
 travel very far away, as there were several membera 
 of the Perkes family living in his time, in the neighbour- 
 hood of Stratford-on-Avon. In regard to ' Visor of 
 Woncot [which strongly resembles the Wincot men- 
 tioned in the opening of T/ie Taming of t/te Shrew], " it 
 eeems probable," he says, " that it was an imaginary 
 name for a real person.") 
 
 „ Dec. 6. " Eussed-pated Choughe," in Midsummer Night's 
 Dream, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 (For restoration of — patted to, — pated.) 
 
 „ Ibid. " Disappointed." Hamlet, Act 1, sc. 5, I. 77, by 
 
 W. Whiston. 
 
 (Means " without the sacraments of the Church.") 
 
 1880. Jan. 3. " Eabelais and Shakespeare," by Dr. N. J. 
 Hay don. 
 
 (Follows Notes and Queries, 5th S., xii., 201, and refers 
 Mr. Birch to an ode of Anacreon s, for "what looks very 
 much like the original of Timons speech.") 
 
 „ Jan. 10. *"The Undiscovered Country." — Hamlet, by Dr 
 B. Nicholson. 
 (Will not admit it means purgatoty.) 
 
 „ Jan. 17. " Shakespeariana." — various, by F. Eule.
 
 xl. 
 
 1880. Jan. 17. "Undiscovered Country," in Hamlet, by E. 
 Marshall. 
 (Conjectural, of course). 
 
 Jan. 31. " Shakespeariana.." — Eeadings of text in " Cym- 
 beline," by R. M. Spence, M.A. 
 
 ,, Feb. 7. *"The Familiars of the Macbeth Witches," by 
 Dr. K. Nicholson. 
 (Conjectural.) 
 
 ,. Feb. 21. "Shakespeariana: JJfac6e(/i, V., iii., 55," by Dr. 
 B. Nicholson. 
 
 (On the word q/me in this passage. Suggests '• Ciinta or 
 Cij7nx, the Canina ISramca, the mercury, French and 
 dog mercuries, etc., of our older authors." The leaves 
 , of mercury.) 
 
 ^v „ Feb. 28. "Historical Names in Shakspeare's Plays," by 
 S. L. Lee. 
 
 (Takes Biron and Longarille, in Love's Latxmr's Lost, and 
 says they "are taken directly from contemporary 
 French history." Antojiio and iiebailian were probably 
 suggested by Don Antonio, "a fugitive pretender to the 
 crown of Portugal." especially as regards the one In 
 the Merchant of Venice, " and may have been the 
 original of Tiro Gentlenien of Verona; Ahich Ado about 
 Not lung; The Tempest; and Ticejfth Night. Sebastian 
 named after the Sebastian the " last King of Portugal.") 
 
 „ Mar. 13. " Shakspeariana : Macbeth, v., iii., 55," by W. 
 
 Whiston. 
 
 (Submits with " much diffidence " that the Ciime of 
 Dr. Nicholson may be a corruption of Cynancltum. from 
 which the French scamutoiiy is prepared. This may bo 
 called Cymerical criticism, which may well be purged.) 
 
 „ Ihid,. *" The Legend of Zarqa." (Origin of the legend of 
 
 Birnam Wood), by W. F. Prideaux. 
 
 (Very interesting.) 
 
 ,. Mar. 27. " Shakespeare's ' Midsummer Night's Dream,' 
 and Goethe's ' Walpurgisnachtstraum,' " by 
 H. Krebs. 
 
 (States that Puck has evidently been suggested to Goethe 
 by Shakspere, Controverts Simrock, "if he denies 
 that Shakspere derived it [the name of Titania] from 
 classical mythology," and mentions Ovid [in Metamor- 
 phoses iii., 173] calling Diana, Titania.) 
 
 „ Ihid. "Shakespeariana: The Crux of Sonnet cxvi." 
 
 {vidp. July 12, 1879), by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Objects to l?ibliothecary'8 correction, aud takes the word 
 
 higlit to be Uigth=\\e\^\\i. and saj's. "one"s whereabouts 
 
 at sea, or at least, one's lattituda is ascertained by 
 
 taking the meridian height of a celestial body.") 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by B. C. 
 
 (Coincides with the preceding.) 
 
 Ihid. " To Sag." Macbeth, v., iii., 10, by T. Bavne. 
 
 (Points out a use of the participle sagged or seggit, m Scot- 
 land, as when " a haystack that has been borne down 
 and thraicn by the winter's storms," it is said, " it is 
 seggit.") 
 
 „ April 24. "Shakspeariana: AU's Well, iv., ii., 73," by 
 Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (On the word braiile. Merely citing the use of this word 
 by other writers ; does not alter the sense of deceit/tU.)
 
 xli. 
 
 1880. Ibid. " AU's WeU that Ends Well, iv., ii.," by R. E. 
 
 (Very triumpliant. This writer has at last hit upon the 
 right meaning of 'Tope;" quotes from Naps upon 
 Parnassus, 1658, A., vi." — 
 
 " I ne're shall grope 
 
 It out. but by Ariadne's rope." 
 He says, " there you are at once, the passage ex- 
 plains itself," and yet he goes on further to explain !) 
 
 „ Ihid. " 'Via' in the Merchant of Venice, II., ii., 9," by 
 
 Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Says it is an Italian word [vea, a nautical term] and "was 
 apparently spoken unanimously, and like the paviours' 
 'Hoh!".') 
 
 „ Ihid. " Sag," by Celer. 
 
 (Mentions its being recorded by Halliwell, and means to 
 si7ii: doim.) 
 
 „ Ihid. Ditto, by D. a. Serton. 
 
 (Mentions its use in Norfolk : " anything hanging loosely 
 down.") 
 
 „ Ihid. *" Julius Csesar, I., iii., 128-9, by Hyde Clarke. 
 
 (Suggests It, for Is Fauors.) 
 
 „ May 15. *" The Alleged Pre-Shakspearian 'Hamlet,'" by 
 Dr. C. M. Ingleby. 
 
 (Follows Xotes and Queries. 5th S.. iv., 421. In opposition 
 to Mr. Elliot Browne, '• 1 propose to say a few words 
 in support of my own firm belief that there was a 
 drama on the subject of ' Hamlet ' long before Shaks- 
 peare wrote his tlrst sketch. I do not commit myself 
 to any opinion on the question whether Shakspeare 
 took the older play as the prima stamina of his own, 
 nor yet whether the quarto of 1603 does substantially, 
 though \vith much dislocation and interpolation, repre- 
 sent his first sketeli." and concludes, after giving many 
 quotations in support of his position, by submitting 
 '• that this belief in a pre-Shakspearian Hamlet is a 
 natural and rational conclusion.") 
 
 "The Nineteenth Century." 
 
 1877. April. *" The Third Murderer in Macbeth." (An Actor's 
 Notes on Shakespeare. No. 1.), by Henry 
 Irving. 
 
 (Mr. Irving attempts to arrive at the identity of the third 
 mvnlerer. but utterly fails through mistaking Inter- 
 polated stage directions in the play, for Shakespeare's.) 
 
 „ May. * "Hamlet and Ophelia." (An Actor's Notes on 
 Shakespeare. No. 2), by Henry Irving. 
 
 (Attempts to solve the questions in relation to Act iii.. sc. 1 : — 
 1. — Whether Hamlet knew throughout the scene 
 that he was watched by the King and Polonius ? 
 
 2. — Whether Ophelia Ijnew tliat her father and the 
 King were eaves-droppers ? 
 
 In reference to question 1. the writer blunders in a 
 curious manner. He says: — " the text tells us that he 
 knew he was being watched from the first, for in the 
 quartos of 1603 and 1604 [the complete play], Hamlet 
 enters before the exeunt words of Polonius to the 
 King — ' Let's withdraw, my lord.' The fact Is, the 
 quarto of 1603 does riot contain either the e.veunt or the 
 words, " Let's withdraw, my lord." In the 1604 
 quarto, " enter Hamlet " occurs mie line before the 
 retirement of Polonius and the King. Upon the second 
 question, Mr. Irving argues that Ophelia did not know 
 the King and her father were watching. For a critical 
 yet fair examination of this articfe by Mr. Moy 
 Thomas, see The Athenanim, May 5th, J.877.)
 
 xUi. 
 
 1878. January. *" Shakespeare in France," by Dr. John Doran 
 
 F.S.A. 
 
 (A valuable historical account of the representation of 
 Shakespeare's plays in France.) 
 
 1879. February.*" Look here, upon this Picture and on this." (re 
 
 the Closet scene in Hamlet.) (An Actor's 
 Notes, &c. No. 3.), by Henry Irving. 
 (Regarding the question of mental portraits, or actual 
 pictures; Mr. Irving a,i\voca,tmg mental portraits.) 
 
 1880. February. " An Eye-witness of John Kemble," by Theodore 
 
 Martin. 
 
 (Gives a most interesting resume of Dr. Ludwig Tieck's 
 views upon John Kemble's acting of Shakespearean 
 and other characters, whom he saw at the Covent 
 Garden Theatre, in that actor's farewell performanoes 
 in the Spring of 1817. The strictures of Dr. Tieck, in 
 his London letters, upon some of Kemble's imperson- 
 ations, might, in the opinion of Mr. Theodore Martin, 
 have been modified or not given, if he had seen 
 Kemble in his best days. The acting of contemporary 
 actors is also commented upon.) 
 
 „ May. *" The Pound of Flesh," by Moncure D. Con-way. 
 
 (Treats of the transformation of the early farcical repre- 
 sentation of Shylock into a character filled with pathos. 
 He says •' no one can carefully compare his Shylock 
 with the Barabas of his contemporary [Marlowe's Jew 
 of Malta], without recognising a purpose to modify 
 and soften the popular feeling towards the Jew, to 
 picture a man where Marlowe had painted a monster, 
 if not indeed to mirror for Christians their own in- 
 justice and cruelty." He then enters upon a learned 
 and valuable account of the Bond story, in the Folk- 
 tales of Persia and India, and in Semitic legendary- 
 lore.) 
 
 "The Gentleman's Magazine." 
 
 1868. Nov. " Falstaff," by Walter Maynard. 
 
 (A slight sketch of the views of Warburton, Steevens, 
 Miilone, and Ritson, upon the question of the identity 
 X)f Falstaff and Sir John Oldcastle. which leads up to a 
 favourable criticism of Mr. Mark Lemon's reading and 
 representation of the character of Falstaff.) 
 
 1873. June. *" Shakespeare's Philosophers & Jesters." Art. iv., 
 Shakespeare' s Philosophy, by Charles Co-wden 
 Clarke. 
 
 (The volume for this year contains the preceding articles 
 on this subject; the article here mentioned forms the 
 last, and is a very careful analysis of the poet's philo- 
 sophy, given through the medium of his characters.) 
 
 1877. January. *"True Story of Romeo and Juliet," by O. E. 
 Mackay. 
 
 (An account of the Italian story of Romeo and Juliet, 
 showing the discrepancies between that and Shakes- 
 peare's version. The writer does not say which he 
 believes to be the true version.) 
 
 „ March. *"Colley Cibber versus Shakespeare," by B. 
 Barker. 
 
 (Describes the alterations made by Colley Cibber, of 
 Shakespeare's plays: — KinyJohn [re-christened "Papal 
 Tyranny"]; Richard II; Richard III; Henry IV; 
 Henry V; and Henry VI. Also criticises favourably 
 Mr. Ucnry Irving's revival of liicliard III.)
 
 xliii. 
 
 1878. Marcli. *" Shakespeare's Sonnets," by T. A. Spalding. 
 
 (The writer says, his "main object is to show that the 
 first hundred and twenty-six sonnets, at any rate, are 
 arranged, in the quarto of 1609, in an order that is 
 probably chronological." That " the first hundred 
 and twenty-six sonnets were addressed by Shakspere 
 to a friend who is unknown, but whose christian name 
 was probably the same as the poet's, during a some- 
 what lengthened period, possibly about three years, 
 and have for subject chiefly the phases through which 
 the friendship passed." He adopts the method of 
 treatment of Gervinus, and rejects that of Mr. Gerald 
 Massey. The article is exhaustive, and the treatment 
 aesthetic.) 
 
 „ April. " At Stratford-on-Avon." (Anon.) 
 
 (A sketch.) 
 
 1879. August. *" Notes on the Historic Play of ' Edward III.'" 
 
 Part 1, by A. C. Swinburne. 
 
 Sept. *Ditto, Part 2, by A. C. Swinburne. 
 
 (These articles form a most valuable contribution to 
 Shakespearean criticism, and contain an admirable 
 analysis of this play. The writer concludes : — " For 
 myself, 1 am, and have always been, perfectly satisfied 
 with one single and simple piece of evidence that 
 Shakespeare had not a finger in the concoction of 
 Kiwj Edward 111. He was the author of A'j'n^ y/e»;'y K") 
 
 1880. February.*" The Original of Shylock," by S. L. Lee. 
 
 (An ingenious attempt to fix the identity of Shylock with 
 one named Lopez, ''who came into considerable 
 prominence, while the dramatist was gromng up to 
 manhood, and was treated with great indignity because 
 of his religious belief towards the end of his remark- 
 able career, which closed only a few months before 
 The Merchant of Venice appeared." Lopez was hanged 
 at Tyburn In 1593.) 
 
 " Fraser's Magazine." 
 
 1877. Jan. *" The Teutonic Tree of Existence," by Dr. Karl 
 
 Blind. 
 
 (Derives [at page 108] Shakespeare's Weird Sisters of 
 Macbeth, from one of the Nornes, Urd or Wurd — 
 signifying Past. A very learned and carefully written 
 article.) 
 
 June. *" An old German Poem and a Vedic Hymn," by 
 Dr. Karl Blind. 
 
 (Points out the striking use of Alliteration in Macbeth, and 
 derivation of the Weird Sisters from the Germanic 
 Noma.") 
 
 „ Nov. *"What Shakespeare learnt at School," by 
 
 Prof. T. S. Baynes." 
 (A conjectural account of Shakespeare's schoolhood.) 
 
 1880. January. " What Shakespeare learnt at School." Art : II, 
 by Prof : T. S. Baynes. 
 (Continued.) 
 
 „ May. *Ditto, Art: III., by Prof. T. S. Baynes. 
 
 (Continued. These articles show great research and keen 
 criticism of the author, and should be carefully 
 perused. There must necessarily be an element of 
 conjecture in the consideration of the question pro- 
 pounded. In the first article. Prof. Baynes says, " I 
 purpose gathering together some indirect points of 
 evideuce bearing on the subject [of Shakespeare's
 
 xliv. 
 
 learning], that have hitherto been overlooked. The 
 question of Shakespeare's classical quotations is a 
 large one. and in dealing with it. I hope to throw 
 some further light on the sources he employed, as well 
 as on his method of using them." 
 
 In the second article, the writer says, after drawing 
 a comparison with Ovid: — "It is clear therefore, I 
 think, that Shakespeare not only studied the ' Meta- 
 morphoses ' in the original, but that he read the 
 difTerent stories with a quick and open eye for any 
 name, incident, or allusion that might be available for 
 use in his own dramatic labours." 
 
 The tfiinJ article is mainly concerned with a further 
 consideration of the dramatist's indebtedness to Ovid, 
 and the influence the study of that poet had over him. 
 Virgil is also instanced. Upon which the writer says: — 
 " it is in the poetical treatment (In allusion to Luerece'] 
 of these facts that Shakespeare's obligation to Ovid 
 are most apparent." .... " but after the proofs 
 I have given, it will hardly. I think, be denied that 
 Shakespeare was quite capable of studj-ing the cele- 
 brated Roman story [of Lucrefe] in the original 
 sources, and that he certainly did so in relation to 
 Ovid's version of it." ....•■ And though I must 
 defer for the present the wider evidence of his Eonian 
 studies, and especially of his familinrity with Ovid, 
 which I have collected from a careful examination of 
 the dramas, enough perhaps has been already adduced 
 to illustrate the main position of these papers, that 
 Shakespeare was a fair Latin scholar, and in his earlier 
 life a diligent student of Ovid.") 
 
 "The Fortnightly Review." 
 
 1870. Jan. *" Christopher Marlowe, by Professor E. Dowden. 
 
 (A most valuable article upon this dramatist, and should 
 be read, as he and Shakespeare were " tiie two fore- 
 most men of the Elizabethan artistic moyement.") 
 
 1871. Feb. *" Old Criticisms on Old Plays and Players," by 
 
 the Hon. R. Lytton. 
 
 (An interesting account of Georg Christian Lichtenberg's 
 visit to London in 1775. and of his graphic description 
 of Garrick, whom he saw in the character of Hamlet 
 at Drury Lane Theatre, and his opinions upon Gar- 
 rick's interpretation.) 
 
 1873. March. *" The Historical Element in Shakspeare's 'Fal- 
 staff,' " by James Gairdner. 
 
 (Gives an account of the lives of Sir John OldcasUe and Sir 
 John Faf-tolf. Says : •' the purpose served by the 
 introdnction of Sir John Falstaff into the play [Uenni 
 1 K] is clearly an artistic one: Sir John was necessary 
 to set forth the dissolute life of the young prince, and 
 to show the influences by which he was supposed to be 
 led away. From this point of view the character may 
 be acknowledged as altogether mythi&il, and yet the 
 aim of its creation was liistorical;" and concludes, 
 "and now I hope it has been shown that the Kalstaff 
 of Shakspeare, much as it undoubtedly owed to the 
 rich imagination of and incomparable wit of the drama- 
 tist, was an embodiment of traditions respecting two 
 distinct historical personages — traditions largely tinged 
 withi)reiu(lice. but still not unworthy to bo considered 
 as reflecting the opinions of the age. and preserving, 
 at the K.amc time, some little details of genuine historic 
 fact wliiih. if they had not been stereotyped by genius, 
 would hy this time have perished irrecoverably.'')
 
 xlv. 
 
 1875. January. *" King Lear," by J. W. Hales. 
 
 (Begins with an historical consideration of this play, and 
 follows on to an exposition of the ethical elements 
 embodied in the characters of Lear and Cordelia.) 
 
 „ May. *" The Three Stages of Shakespeare," by A. C 
 
 Swinburne. 
 
 1876. May. *Do., continued. 
 
 (These two essays contain a masterly analysis of the works 
 of the dramatist; the author's " Study of Shakespeare'" 
 will however be found more accessible than these 
 numbers, vide 1880, in "List of Works.") 
 
 " Macmillan's Magazine." 
 
 1868. Feb. *"Lady Macbeth," by Fanny Kemble. 
 
 (A very able defence of the position that Lady Macbeth 
 died of wickedness, and not of remorse, and gives an 
 analysis of her character.) 
 
 1874. Sept. *" Who Wrote our Old Plays ?" by F. G. Fleay. 
 
 (With regard to Shakespeares's works, the writer intro- 
 duces the results of his metrical investigations, in 
 determining the date of Cymbcline, and dwells upon 
 the external ecidence method, and says: — '' C't/mbeline 
 was therefore written near Macbeth and Lear, and 
 probably soon after." He raises the questions of 
 " Who were the authors of Benry VI. ?" '• Is there, or 
 is there not. any Shaksperian work in The Birth of 
 ( Merlin and Fair Em?" and "How do you account for 
 
 the differences between the folio and quarto editions of 
 Bichard III. ?" but does not attempt to answer them. 
 He asks for a satisfactory answer, on " sesthetic 
 grounds only.") 
 
 „ Dec. *" On the Extract from an Old Play in Hamlet," 
 
 by F. G. Fleay. 
 
 (Says, in discussing the authorship of the " Old Play," 
 [Macbeth. Act ii., sc. 2] " We may confidently assign the 
 greater part of it to Nash, if not the whole." .... 
 " I hold then that the object which Shakspere had in 
 view, in introducing this speech into Hamlet, was to 
 expose the weakness of his opponent Nash as a play- 
 wright, and to utilize a piece of work which he had 
 lying idle by him." Of conrse this statement is purely 
 conjectural, and indeed the whole article bristles with 
 guesses, perhaps ingenious.) 
 
 1875. Jan. "The New Hamlet, and His Critics," by A. 
 
 Templar. 
 
 (A protest, and in very plain vingarbled terms, against the 
 fulsome laudation that greeted Mr. H. Irving upon his 
 first performance of Hamlet at the Lyceum Theatre. 
 At the same time this keen-sighted critic metes out the 
 praise that is fairly due to this distinguished actor.) 
 
 1876. August. *" The Elder Hamlet," by George MacDonald. 
 
 (He says, " The ghost in Hamlet is as faithfully treated as 
 any character in the play. Next to Hamlet himself 
 he is to me the most interesting person of the drama." 
 The article consists of an admirable analysis of the 
 character of the Ghost, or elder Hamlet.) 
 
 1878. Nov. *" Shakespeare as an Adapter," by Edward Rose. 
 
 (Upon the constructive and dramatic skill of the dramatist. 
 " How completely Shakespeare was this [a true dra- 
 matic poet], has never, I think, been sufficiently 
 shown, and it is an omission in criticism which can 
 hardly be supplied in half-a-dozen pages.")
 
 xlvi. 
 
 "The Reader." 
 
 1864. Nov. 19. " Miss Faucit's ' Lady Macbeth,' " by C. H. 
 
 (Discussing how part should be rendered. Upholds 
 Miss F.'s rendering: "As a delicate, loving woman, 
 weak-minded, ciniel only in her devotion to a husband 
 whom she worships, and too tenderly constructed to 
 sustain the affliction of remorse, after the mischief of 
 her criminality has been effected.") 
 
 1866. Feb. 17. *" A New Life of Shakespeare." (Anon.) 
 
 (An article of three columns, essentially upon the vagaries 
 of Shakespearean critics, and deprecates any further 
 attempt at guesswork. Takes for its theme Mr. Halli- 
 well's announcement of "another Life of Shakespeare," 
 and says, in passim : — '■ if Mr. Halliwell really winds 
 up Shakespeare's life, writings and times, and by the 
 magnitude and comprehensiveness of his work puts an 
 end to all further attempts in that direction, antici- 
 pating and enclosing in one view everything that can 
 be said or collected on the subject, and leaving those 
 who come after him a barren inheritance of used-up 
 resources, he vnll confer an inestimable service on our 
 literature.") 
 
 „ July 28. " Shakespeare as a Mad Doctor."' (Anon.) 
 
 A review of Shakespeare' s Delineations of Insanity, Imheeility, 
 and Suicide, by A. O. Ivellog. M.D. Eightly condemns 
 this book, and Dr. Kellog's ambitious attempt at 
 vmravelling the problem of Shakespeare's knowledge 
 of mental diseases.) 
 
 " The Spectator." 
 
 1877. Sep. 6 & 13. "Mr. Swinbvu-ne and Shakespeare," by F. J. 
 Furnivall. 
 
 (An attaolc upon Mr. Swinburne, in reference to his articles 
 in the Gentleman's Magazine,on Edwardlll., afterwards 
 reprinted with additions of no value; see 1879 above, 
 in List of Works.) 
 
 "The Saturday Review." 
 
 1876. Aug. 12. *" Shakspeare and His Adapters." (Anon.) 
 
 (An interesting account of the adapters of .Shakespeare's 
 plaj's. including Gibber, Goethe [who amended Romeo 
 and Juliet for the Weimar Theatre], Otway, Dryden, 
 Davenant, the Duke of Buckingham, and Nahum Tate.) 
 
 1S78. Nov. 16. " Minor Notices." Giving a stringent notice of 
 Mr. Vaughan's book. New Readings of Shakes- 
 V peare's Tragedies. 
 
 (Well deserved; •' amazingly silly book.") 
 
 "All the Year Round." 
 
 1879. Jan. 25. *" Young Shakespeare's ' Hamlet,' " by W. K. 
 Sawyer, F.S.A. 
 
 (A critical account of the 1(50.3 quarto, and comparison with 
 that of lii04. The writer is "disposed tu look with 
 douljt on surmises as to yet earlier drafts and less 
 perfect skeletons, as also to treat with contempt the 
 jmporfect-noto theory, in relation to this edition (albeit 
 there might have been publication without consent) ; 
 and 80 it pleases us to regard this quarto of l(iO;i as in 
 effect the work of the poet s youth, or, as we call it, 
 Young Shakespeare's Hamlet," page 141. This article 
 is a most valuable contribution, in the elucidation of 
 the differences between the two quarto editions.)
 
 xlvii. 
 
 1880. Jan. 3. *0n Troilus and Cressida (Anon). 
 
 (An account of Dryden's version of this play, entitled: 
 " Troilus and Cressida, or Truth found too late," 1679.) 
 
 " Belgravia." 
 
 1878. Aug. *Art: "TheFalstaffof Ossian/'byStandishO'Grady. 
 (A parallel drawn between Finn Mac Cool of Irish Bomauce 
 
 and the Falstaff of Shalcespeare). 
 
 "The Contemporary Revie'w." 
 
 1876. June. *" The Drama," by W. H. Pollock. 
 
 (The general view of the Early, Shakespearean and Contin- 
 ental Drama.) 
 
 " The Saint Paul's Magazine." 
 
 1871. Nov. *Art : " Voltaire on Hamlet," by (J. E. Meetkerke. 
 (A short account of Voltaire's views of this play.) 
 
 "Chambers's Journal." 
 
 1864. April 23. " Shakspeare." Tercentenary Number. 
 (An interesting sketch of his life, &c.) 
 
 "The Standard." 
 
 1879. Feb. 1. "Eeadings and Eenderings of Shakespeare." 
 
 (A long review of over two columns of Kr. Vaughan'a 
 work, vide The Saturday Review, Nov. 16th, 1878. Com- 
 mendatory.) 
 
 "The Evening Standard." 
 
 1880. Feb. 2. " Shylock's Prototype." (From the CoiosfneGazeife.) 
 (Gives the story of a Christian Shylock.) 
 
 "Life." 
 1879. July 19. Art : " Something more about Shakespeare." 
 
 "The Cornhill Magazine." 
 
 1871. Sept. *" On the Character of Cleopatra." (Anon.) 
 
 (A carefully written estimate of this character. The 
 writer says, and attempts to prove, •• that Cleopatra 
 was one of the most fascinating women that ever 
 lived, and that Shakspeare's picture of her is quite 
 unexampled for its truthfulness, even in his own 
 wonderful gallery of portraits.'") 
 
 1872. August. *" Dramatic Situation and Dramatic Character." 
 
 (Anon.) 
 
 (After a brief notice of the treatment of dramatic situation 
 by the poets of Ancient Greece, the writer enters upon 
 a critical examination of Shakespeare's treatment of 
 situation and character and shows his supremacy in 
 treatment over his contemporaries.)
 
 xlviii. 
 
 1872, October. *"TheOrig:in of Shakespeare'sTempest." (Anon.) 
 
 (The writer critically examines the hj'potheses mentioned 
 by Johannes Jleissm'ir in his UntersuchuTigen fiber 
 Shakespeare's Sturm [^>^'t'^i], regarding the sources of 
 this play, and the similiarity Jacob Ayrer's Fair Sidea 
 bears to it. This poet died ltiO.5. Does not assent to the 
 supposition thai Shake.speare borrowed from Ayrer. 
 The writer is opposed to German subtleties, and in 
 concludiug, says : — " That in the simple portraiture of 
 the aims, passions, and imaginations of universal 
 human nature lies a wisdom deeper than allegory, a 
 poetry more moving than any subtleties of meta- 
 physical analysis,") 
 
 1876. January. "A Stage lago," by J. E. S. 
 
 (A protest against a continuation on the stage, of a stage 
 lago, the text for which the writer takes from 
 Macready's entry in his journal, that the gentleman he 
 once plaj'cd with, played lago like a " creeping cat," 
 He mshes for a rejjresentation of that character " as 
 Shakspere made him." The real lago, he says, '-is pre- 
 eminently the man of practical ability, in the exercise 
 of which, for its own sake, he takes a pure delight, 
 •■ but when he can turn his powers to a bad object, his 
 delight is doubled. He has a great love of wickedness 
 apart from all personal considerations.") 
 
 "The Englishman's Magazine." 
 
 1865. Nov. *" Some Peculiarities of Shakespeare's Language," 
 by C. M. Ingleby, M.A., L.L.D. 
 
 (In the volume of this magazine for 1S()4 and in the one for 
 the year herein mentioned, there are two articles upon 
 Shakespeare, which I have not, however, read.) 
 
 "The Leisure Hour." 
 
 1871. Dec. *" Ghosts and Ghost-Lore. Shakespeare's Ghosts." 
 (Anon.) 
 
 (A review of the chief passages of ghost-lore in his writings 
 relating to the ghosts in Hamlet. Julius C'xsar, Macbeth, 
 and those which appeared to Ridtard III. and to 
 Eichmond in the night before the battle of Bosworth 
 Field.) 
 
 "Modern Thought." 
 
 1880. July. *" The Whitewashing of Shylock," by J. Laister. 
 
 (A calmly considered article. The position of this writer 
 is " that Shakespeare disliked the Jews as cordially 
 as he can be supposed to have disliked anything or 
 anybody. This fact may add to the sum of Christian 
 intolerance, but it leaves Shakespeare honest." He 
 entirely opposes the views of Mr. F. Hawkins, given in 
 Tlie Theatre for Nov., 1S79, and says. "Shakespeare has 
 seldom referred to the Jews in his other plays, but 
 wherever \\- has done so it has been disparagingly," 
 and concludes by saying. " and as knavery was in fact 
 all on his [Shyloc-k's] side, whilst the honesty was all 
 the other [Antonio'.sJ, our ethics as well as our creed 
 must undergo a tran.sformation before Shakespeare's 
 Jew can be converted into a Hero.") 
 
 "The Era." 
 
 1876. IMay 7. "The Dramatic Use of the Supernatural." {Anon.) 
 
 (The writer in pas.nm deals in a very lucid manner with 
 iShakespeare's masterly treatment of the supernatural 
 element, in his conceptions of ghosts and witches in 
 his plays.)
 
 xlix 
 
 "The Journal of the British Arohaeological 
 Association." 
 
 18G0. Dec. 31. Remarks by Mr. Syer Cuming upon the Discovery 
 
 of a cross, in a hole, in a beam of Shakespeare's 
 
 House at Stratford-upon-Avon (vide p. 330). 
 
 (A very curious and interesting contribution. Date of the 
 
 cross ascribed to the first half of the sixteenth century. 
 
 " Eesembles the simple way-sido crosses of the thir- 
 
 ^ teenth and fourteenth centuries, and consists of a 
 
 plain quadrangular shaft supported in a flat plinth, 
 
 reached by four steps encompassing it on either side." 
 
 The fragment measures but one inch and a quarter in 
 
 height, and eight-tenths in diameter at the base.") 
 
 "The Architect." 
 
 3 874. Oct. 31. *A series of articles on "The Architecture and 
 to Costume of Shakespere's Plays," by Edward 
 
 1875. June 2G. W. Godwin, F.S.A. 
 
 (Certainly the most valuable contributions to Shakes- 
 pearean Archteology of recent date. Much profound 
 research is manifested in regard to the periods of the 
 plays, costumes, origin of plots, and the manner in 
 which thpj' should be rcpresental on the stage, con- 
 sonant with the requirements of archfeology and 
 architecture.) 
 
 1876. Oct. 14 it 21. "Archaeology on the Stage," by W. Burgess. 
 
 (Essentialljr an attack upon Mr. Godwin's designs of cos- 
 tumes, etc., for Shakespeare's plays, especially for 
 Henry v., produced at the Queen's Theatre, Oct.."l876 
 replied to in the following number by Mr. Godwin.) 
 
 "The British Architect." 
 
 1880. Feb. 13. *" The Costume of the Merchant of Venice," by 
 E. W. Godwin, F.S.A. 
 
 (Numerous sketches from authorities of the sixteenth 
 century, with" an article upon the same.) 
 
 „ Mar. 26. *" Sketches of Costume for 'As You Like It,' " by 
 E. W. Godwin, F.S.A. 
 
 (Gives numerous sketches of dresses, etc., contemporary 
 with the period of this play. This learned antiquary 
 purposes to include, in the succeeding numbers of this 
 journal, articles upon all the plays of the poet, with 
 numerous illustrations.) 
 
 "The Pall Mall Gazette." 
 
 1877. Feb. 23. " New Books and New Editions." 
 
 •■ Giving a review in passim of Shakespeare from an American 
 Point of View, including an /nquirii as to /lis Religious 
 Faith and his Knowledge of Laic, uith tlie Baconia?i Theory 
 considered, by George Wilkes. The reviewer speaki 
 highly of the ingenuity cf this author in worldng out 
 his argmnents, but condemnatory of his views, that 
 Shakespeare was a Roman Catholic, and paid homage 
 to rank, and treated with contempt the common 
 people.)
 
 "The Literary World." 
 13. y 
 
 „ 27.1 
 Sept. 3. J 
 
 1S80. Aug. 13. ^ *" Kins: Lear,'' Gc:asional Study, by Teter Bayne, 
 
 mX l.l.d. 
 
 (Four pxtrcmely interesting articles upon this play, 
 FUKJ^'estfd by 5Jr Horioo IToward Furness's edition of 
 Kin'j Lear, forming- Vul. V. of his " New Variorum 
 Ediiic n of Shakespeare." Pr fessor BajTie opens the 
 first article of this Occasional Study hy saying, " It is 
 not my purpose to criticise Dr. Furness's Lear, hut to 
 make the appearance of his edition an occasion for 
 bi'iefly considering the drama itself;" he then presents 
 the i-eader with a most carefully considered analysis 
 of the play, preceded by a few remarks upon the "able 
 and brilliant opinions " of Hazlitt and Shelley. For 
 clearness of style and masterly treatment. Professor 
 Ba>-nes four articles may be ranked amongst the 
 most important contributions to Shakespearean Study. 
 We are promised another article from the pen of this 
 scholar, which will probably conclude this kdnlv.) 
 
 ,;/ ,.T..(, ,^' The Globe." (Xeivspaper.) 
 
 . C,(. :, I... . 
 
 ■■Sept»-29.=' •'.'<Tlie Portraits of Shakespeare." 
 
 ''■' "'" "• ' '" ■-•(A short leadfr. suggested by a paper read on the 
 
 ■•"••■■■••" ■ '""' "Stratford" Portrait, at a recent meeting of the 
 
 Birmingham Press Club. The author's name is not 
 given. The gist of the communication, according to 
 the O/obe writer is as follows : — "The author gave an 
 neeount of the circumstances under which, about 
 twent}' years ago, the picture was found stowed away 
 (.n an upper landing in the residence of Mr. Hunt, the 
 •Town Olerkof Stratford. It was a dilapidated eanvas, 
 on which was dimly visible the rough, coarse portrait 
 of a man with a large beard and moustache, and with 
 the face nearly covered ^rith hair. A picture-restorer, 
 . ^ . then engaged by the Corporation to restore the pictures 
 '" 'in' the' Guildliall,' was 'at'o'nce appealed to. The hair, 
 heard, and moustache speedily yielded to his solvents, 
 ■ ' ■ '•""•'• '-''and- lo! undertlie-flrst portrait appeared another, with 
 aidrcss clos'.^ly ref;cinh)ing, the bust in the church from 
 
 ^,i, ,. .^,,,, ,,„„ ■H'hich the same r.cstorvx had recently removed the coat 
 
 . u........ .-.i. ....... Qf.>vhi'o paint, applied at the suggestion of Malone, 
 
 ami substituting the original colours. So near was 
 the. respmblanec hetv'^en .thfr bust and the picture, 
 ' especially in the dress,' tjiat it became a question 
 which wa>' the original'. But the fellow-townsmen of 
 the deceased bard had no doubt that the portrait was 
 thaf off Shakespean:-; and they treasure the canvas as 
 snch.' The Atlicn.vum at the time described it as a 
 
 • . 'modern daub, poswbly a tavern sign 'Shakespeare's 
 
 Held." Werewe e^iento discover that the Athcmvum 
 v,-as right, the ncjw famous ' Stratford' Shakespeare 
 would still be valued. Mr. Hunt was offered ill.OUO for 
 it when it left the hands of the restorer.'") 
 
 'No-rfi.— ;Tlii3 atlcmpt' is merely ' 'ten tatiye, but it is hoped, that 
 ,.sx:fficient.ha,8.been here iccordod to -guide -the student.
 
 u. 
 
 APPEIs^DIX. 
 
 In consequence of having suffered from ill-health, since this work 
 was announced for publication last April, an enforced delay has 
 deferred its issue until now. The proof sheets up to May, have 
 been ready for the press for some months; but waiting complete 
 restoration of my working j)owers, matter has grown so rapidly 
 in regard to Shakespearean literature, that I have found it 
 necessary, and indeed it is due to my subscribers, to bring the 
 principal references down to date, and incorporate them where 
 possible in the body of the book, and the rest to form an Appendix; 
 which may not be unacceptable to students of Shakespeare. By an 
 oversight, in compiling the Selected Articles &c. fi-om the Athenceum, 
 an important communication has been omitted, which appeared in 
 that journal of the 30th April, 1864. ^ It reiet^^Q the valuable 
 discovery made by Mr. J. 0. HalUwell, and communicated by 
 him, that Shakespeare had not retired from, the King's 
 Company on March loth, IGO-i. This fact is embedded, says 
 Mr. Halliwell, "in a large folio manuscript volume which has been 
 kindly confided to the care of the Eev. T. (Iranville, the respected 
 vicar of Stratford-on-Avon, by the authoriti^- of the Lord 
 Chamberlaine's Office, and is now being publicly exhibited for a 
 time by their permission at the Birth-place in Henley Street. It 
 contains a minute account of the expenses incm'red for the materials 
 of the dresses for those who took jjait in the procession at the visit 
 of King James the Fu-st, to the City of London in the year 1604 : 
 and amongst the entries is one to the effect that our great dramatist 
 was furnished with four and a half yards of ' skarlet red cloth ' on 
 the occasion." The title of this volume is then given, followed by 
 an extract containing the names of the King's Player's, and the 
 quantities of red cloth apportioned to each, that of Shakespeare 
 heading the list thus : — " William Shakespeare, iiij yardes, Skarlet 
 red cloth, di." After a lapse of over sixteen years, the following- 
 paragraph appeared in the Athenceum (June 19, 1880.) 
 
 1 "With regard to the articles nnd correspondence in the Athniivuin and Sotes 
 and Queries, it has not been considered necessary to extend backwards the references 
 to the _rirst numbers; altkough, for a purely bibliographical purposOj such would be 
 invaluable.
 
 Hi. 
 
 ■■'riu' I'xii'cine iHiiiy ijT coiitiinpr'rary iiiniiUMTipl Unik-is lA Sli«ksjif»rf if 
 exomi)lifled by the singular circumstance that not even a trivial one has yet been 
 unearthed by the extensive and well-directed researches of the Historical C(jni- 
 mission. The New Shakspere Society has to tell the same talc. In the last number 
 elf its 'J'raitMictions. just issued, is a copy of a manuscript respecting the delivei-y of 
 red cloth to Shakspeare on the occasion of the procession of James 1. through 
 London in 1004. It appears as a novelty, with an interesting note by Mr. Furnivall, 
 but the document itself was printed in the A/lit^ioeitm many years ago (Ai)ril :inth, 
 KS(U). long ))ef(;re the Society was founded." 
 
 This, as most readers would expect, was followed by an explanation 
 from Mr. F. J. Furnivall the director of the New Shakspere Society, 
 and as it tells its own story best, I have extracted it, with the 
 Editor's comments thereon. (Athenceum, June 26th, 1880.) 
 
 "Mr. Furnivall sends us a long explanation of the appearance of the MS. 
 relating to Shakspeare's four and a half yards of red cloth in the Tranmrtiojis of 
 the New Shakspere Society: he declares it does not appear in the Transactions : — 
 
 ' It appears in one of our " Appendices," which I hoped all workers knew have 
 from the first been devoted almost only to reprints and reviews. Before it stands a 
 reprint of the only three leaves left of William Wager's "Cruell Debtter," 1.506. 
 after it, the reprint of Prof. Wilson's •• Solution of the Mystery of Doubletime in 
 Shakspeare." My note 2 on p. 11* of the Appendix refers to my '-Leopold Shaksjiere 
 Introduction," p. cvii, where I name two of the places where the red cloth business 
 has been mentioned: ■• Athenceum, X\m\ 30th, 1864; Dyce, viii.473" (second edition). 
 To represent me, then, as reproducing a notorious old thing -as a novelty" is rather 
 a joke. The thing is so entirely an a b c matter to working students of Shakspere 
 that the need of renaming its first printer on every occasion no more occurred to 
 me than the like need did when I printed Dr. Forman's "Book of Plays" from 
 Ashm. MS. 208 in our Appendix for 1875-0. (By accident I in this put a "Eichard 
 II." do^vn to Shakspere which the description of it shows cannot possibly be his.) 
 And as my friend Mr. Walford D. Sell y— at my request, if I lemember right — 
 copied the document from the Lord Chamberlain's Records, they, and not the 
 Atheiiivuiii, were (juoted as the authority for the document. Had I meant to claim 
 the thing as a novelty, it would of course have lieen put in the body of our 
 Transadions, with the novelty from the Eecord Office that (by Mr. G. H. Overend's 
 kindness) docs appear there, namely, the very curious '-Bill of Complaint uf 
 George Mailer, glazier and trainer of players to Henry VIII., against Thoma.s 
 Arthur, tailor, his pupil." which throws such an interesting light on the state of the 
 professiim. if so it might be called, in Henry VIII. 's days. Perhaps I may be 
 excused for saying that in the same volume and our other publications is evidence 
 that we are fairly up to our work, though we may pay other students the com- 
 pliment of knowing as much as we do, or much more.' " 
 
 The Editor thus remarks : — 
 "Tlic distinction between the Traiimnlioiis and the Appendixes is too subtle for 
 us, and any ordinary scholar would suppose, from the way in which it is printed, 
 that Mr. Furnivall regards this MS. as a novelty. However, Mr. Furnivall's letter 
 simply conllims wliat we snidt thnt nothing ncu- ujipcars to turn up about Slink- 
 spearo." 
 
 Another omission is the for,Ortin<^: —
 
 liii. 
 
 ISSO. *Jiiu. 31. (Atfunuvmn.) A Studij of Shaksjieare, \>y A. C. 
 Swinbvivne. Memoranda on flu: Tragedy of 
 Humid, by J. O. HaDiwell-Phillipps, F.R.'S. 
 
 A lnn;r and critical revien- of tliese works. Opens witli 
 pointing out an inconsistency in Mr. Swinburne's 
 treatment of liis sutiject. Tlie author says: -'Harinff 
 from well nigh the first years I can rememher made 
 the study of Shakespeare the chief intcllectnal business 
 and found in it the chief sjiiritual ilclijjht of my whole 
 life. I can hardly think myself less (lualitl'ed than 
 another to offer an opinion on the metrical points at 
 issue" "It is not. so to speak, the literal hut the 
 spiritual order which I have studied to observe and to 
 indicate: the periods which I seek to define belong not 
 1o chronologj' l)ut to art." The reviewer says: •' Surely 
 Ihe attempt to evolve a s]>iritual order is no less hope- 
 less. He who thinks that Shaksjieare wrote plays to 
 bring out his thoughts and emotions as they arose 
 little understands Shakspeare's character or his life." 
 Mr. Swinburne receives however a not too adequate 
 praise for the subtlety of his remarks, his analytical 
 power, and the manifestation of •■ that vai-ieiy of 
 symp'ithy which is the first requisite i!i any man "who 
 would write about most various of jioets and of men." 
 After discussing the alleged influence of Eabelais upon 
 the dramatist, and showing that "as big as Gargantua's 
 mouth" [in As I'oii Like It.] is not a reference to 
 Eabelais but the "'History of Gargantua.' probably 
 printed in England as early as ].">7-"(:" Mr. Halliwell- 
 Phillipps's work is examined, and the reviewer says, 
 that as regards the character of Hamlet, "There can 
 be no doubt that Mr. Swinburne is right in his estimate 
 of Hamlet's character, and Mr. Halliwell-fhillipps, we 
 are glad to see, takes the .same view." The whole 
 article should be carefully read.) 
 
 The foregoiu<^ omissions^ I trust will be duly noted, as they 
 include the record of one more controversy in the Shakespearean 
 arena. Not that the student cannot dispense with such trifles, but 
 it may tend to show him, how useless it is to lose one's equanimity 
 of temper, over such small eri-ors, whilst there are weig'hter subjects 
 at hand, requiring elucidation. Further, it may bring once more 
 to his mind the fact, that no one man has an exclusive right to 
 Shakespeare. 
 
 The addittional selections I wish to make from The Athenaeum 
 
 are as follows : — 
 
 1880. June 12. " The Philosophy of Hainlut," by Thomas Tytler, 
 M.A. 
 
 (A review of this remarkable book. The reviewer very 
 projjerly and justly says: — "The whole pamphlet — for 
 it is little more — affords a curious instance of the 
 darkening of the perceptions that may result from the 
 study of the letter and the neglect of the spirit, and is 
 enough to justify the heresy that Shakspearean com- 
 mentators do more to confuse their readers than to 
 aid them.") 
 
 1880. July 17.* "King Lear." Edited by Horace Howard 
 Furness, Ph.D. 
 
 (.V re%iew of Vol. V. of A A'eie Varloriiiii Edi/ion of S/iale- 
 speare. Speaks very highly of Dr. Furness' work, and 
 Considers his paftial adoption of the old spelling. The 
 reviewer differs from Dr. Furness. whose advocacy of 
 the old spelling, he bases upon the groiuid that wo do
 
 liv. 
 
 not modernize Spenser; and asserts that Spenser's 
 phraseologj- is intentionally archaic. "With a 
 deliberate purpose" he says -'he [Spenser] stuffs his 
 text with archaisms, and he affects a style of spelling 
 which is a portion of his method in art." On the other 
 hand, there is no pruof that Sliakespeare corrected his 
 manuscript.s. and supervised the printing of his plays, 
 .ind "the spelling, then, of that edition which is held 
 to ijossess utost authority, the first folio, is that either 
 of Heminge and CondoU, by whom it was given to the 
 world, or more probably by the printers.") 
 
 l^SO. July 24.. " The Melancholy JaquGs," by Oswald Crawford. 
 
 (Upon the proiouneiation of Jacques in As You Like It. 
 Objects to its being pronounced "Jaikes" or •• Jaikwes" 
 and advocates the French pronunciation.) 
 
 July 31. Ditto, by Grant Allen. 
 
 (After giving several extracts from the dramatists' plays, 
 this writer says, "On the whole, therefore, I incline to 
 think that Shakspeare proncjunced the name as if 
 written in modern English ' Jah-kez," the fhial e being 
 distinctly articulated." 
 
 ,. Ibid. Ditto, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Inclines to a variable pronunciation according to scansion. 
 In four instances, "Jii | ques," and in two, "it might 
 read Jaques.") 
 
 ,. Aug. 14. Ditto, by Oswald Crawford. 
 
 (Merely differs from some of the statements made by Mr. 
 Grant Allen, and holds to his original view.) 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by Frank A. Marshall. 
 
 (Saj'S " Jaques. must be a dissyllable, but need it assume 
 the horrible form of 'Jai-quez' or -Jaikwes"? Why 
 not preserve the essentially French character of the 
 name, and pronounce it 'jixhk-es'? I put the ah to 
 represent the French a.") 
 
 Aug. 21. Ditto, by Grant Allen. 
 
 (A reply to Mr, Oswald Crawford. After a lame attempt 
 at sarcasm, which sensible readers will pass by, this 
 writer siys ■• -Jaques' in Shakspeare being scanned as 
 two syllables must be so pronounced, when it occi:rs 
 at the end of a line as well as when it occurs in the 
 middle.'') 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by J. T. 
 
 (Quotes a sonnet of Mr. Alfred Tennyson, the Poet Laureate. 
 to show that he " gives a dissyllabic value to the name 
 of the Shakspearean Jaques." The line italicised is: — 
 " Our kindlier, trustier Jacques, past away.") 
 
 Aug. 2S.* " The First Two Editions of Eomeo and Juliet," 
 by James Spcdding. 
 
 (Discusses the differences between these two editions, and 
 says: — "Having carefully examined all the passages 
 referred to by Mr. Daniel, both in his introduction to 
 the ' Parallel Texts " [Published for the Xeir Shnkspere 
 Society in 18741 and in his notes to the 'revised edition' 
 of the second (luiitn (IWT.'i). as proving that both 
 quartus wer*^ (l^Mived from the same source,' by whieh 
 I understand him to mean the same play in the same 
 condition, I cannot think that the case is made out. I 
 still think that the more obviipits assumption was the 
 mi^re pruliable une, tliat the quarto of l-'>'.>7 represents 
 (printers' and transcribers' errors allowed for) the 
 the play as originally produced, and that the quarto of 
 IVJi) represents (su')ject to a smilar and rither larger
 
 Iv. 
 
 allowance for such errors) a second edition, printed 
 not onlj- from a lietter copy, but from a cojiy -neuiy 
 corrected, augmented, and amended,' as set forth in 
 the title." Mr. Spedding then goes on to expose the 
 guesswork of Mr. Fleay. in ascribing the first draft 
 of this play to G. Pcele.) 
 
 1830. Ihld. Shalcespeare Memoranda. 3Iemoranda on Love's 
 
 Labour's Lost, King John, Othello, and on Romeo 
 
 and Juliet, by J. O. HalliweU-Phillipps, F.E.S. 
 
 (A review of this valuable work, (which unfortunately for 
 
 the student, is privately printed), and commendatory.) 
 
 „ Se2)t. 4. " The Melancholy Jaques," by Oswald Crawford. 
 
 (Returns to this discussion by a counter reply to Mr. Grant 
 Allen, and of course remains unchanged in opinion. 
 . He believes that stage tradition is right in making one 
 syllable of this name.) 
 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Says : — •" Though I could once speak French with an 
 unusually small modicum of the • accent Britannique,' 
 I yet naturally pronounced Shakspeare's word, 
 'Jai-ques.' ") 
 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by T. Standish Haly. 
 
 (Informs his readers through the editor, that he " was 
 horiifled. on a recent visit to Drury Lane, to hear my 
 old friend called ■ Ja-ques ' " ! And says: — " that Jacjues 
 is a commun surname at Stratford-on-Avon and in the 
 surrounding district." The remainder of this letter 
 consists of useless guesswork.) 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by A. B. Q. 
 
 (Upon the '-syllabic force of e mute in the works of the 
 
 French Poets." Of no value or consequence.) 
 [The Editor very properly ajjpends the notice: — "We 
 cannot insert any more letters on this subject."] 
 
 Sept. 11. " The Date of Shakspeare's Fifty-Fifth Sonnet," 
 
 by Thomas Tyler. 
 
 (Differs from some critics in regard to the date of this 
 Sonnet, and arrives at the conclusion, that •• there can 
 be little doubt, that the tlfty-tifth sonnet was written 
 after the publication of the -Palladis Tamia' in lo'.ts. 
 We must therefore conclude that those critics are in 
 error who infer, from the mention in this same book 
 of Meres's of Shakspeare's -sugred Sonnets among his 
 private friends,' that the whole of the sonnets collected 
 and printed in 1609 already (in lo'JS) existed in manu- 
 script. To the fifty-tifth souuet I should assign the 
 approximate date of 1599.") 
 
 „ Oct. 2. Hamlet, Prince of Denmark: : Tragedie en Cinq 
 
 Actes de William Shakespeare. Traduite en 
 
 Prose et en Vers par Theodore Eeinach." 
 
 (A review of this translation, wherein M. Eeinach's 
 
 successes in difQcult passages are very highly spoken 
 
 of. Of the work the reviewer says ■■ It is inferior to none 
 
 in correctness, and it shows not only in the rendering 
 
 of the text, but in the i>refatory matter and in the 
 
 choice of notes, taste and judgment together with a 
 
 close and intimate knowledge of the subject.'' Some 
 
 very interesting examples of M. Eeinach's treatment 
 
 are given.)
 
 " The Academy." 
 
 18S0. Juno 0. Ill Notes and News Column, an announcement 
 that " Max Wolff, has published, at J . Horning's 
 Heidelberg, his inaugunl dissertation for his 
 doctor's degree on ' John Ford, an Imitator of 
 Shakspere.' " 
 
 „ June 12. " Shakspere in Old Spelling," by F. J. Furnivall. 
 (A cupy of a pro)ii)sal. sent by Mr. Furnivall. to tlip mem- 
 liers of the New Shakspere Society, for an edition of 
 Shakosjieare's work in OfiJ Spc'liyvj. He enter.i very 
 fully into the reasons for rejjrinting the texts in the 
 spelling of the dramatist's time.") 
 
 „ Ibid. In Notes and News Column, in reference to The 
 
 Harness Prize Essaj'^s on the First Quarto of 
 
 Hamlet, by Mr. C. H. Herford,and Mr. Widgery. 
 
 (It says: — -'Both writers hold that the first quarto 
 
 represents Shakspere"s first sketch nf his play. Mr. 
 
 Herford"8 arfjument is founded on the differences in 
 
 the leadinfr characters in the first quarto and their full 
 
 development in the second, also on the higher poetic 
 
 qualities of the completed plaj-s.") 
 
 „ June 26. In Notes and Neivs Column, a brief outline of 
 
 Mr. F J. Furnivall's Forewords in Mr. Griggs's 
 
 facsimile of the second quai'to of Hamlet, 1(504-. 
 
 (Points out. that he "shows how much more important for 
 
 the character of Hamlet and the plaj* the second quarto 
 
 is than the first folio."") 
 
 „ Ibid. " Mr. Swnnburne and Fletcher's Share in Henry 
 
 VIII," Ijy Mr. F. J. Furnivall. 
 (One mure attack upon Mr. Swinburne. }>y this contro- 
 versalist. He opens with: — --Some of your readers 
 maj^ remember that in 1S7(!, Mr. Swinburne staled 
 that there were no triple endin/rs in Fletcher"s part of 
 his and Shakspere's Jlfnrji YIJI., and that therefore 
 the part assigned 1o Fletcher by Mr. Spcddin;; and 
 Mr. Tennyson could not be his. I at once jiointed out. 
 what most jjeople knew, that there were some thirlii 
 triple indings in the Fletcher part of flennj VIII.. and 
 I gave a list of them."" Mr. Furnivall then proceeds by 
 citing twenty words, and stating how many times 
 some of them recur. This letter contains some very 
 curious remarks : such as " Mr. Swinburne saw he was 
 beaten and must change his ground, though he did 
 admit the fact in words." He says. Mr. Swinburne's 
 argument is " abaolutehj uoitlilcss." •' Evidently just 
 the same recklessness that Mr. Swinburne had dis- 
 played in the Eilimrd II., article about Shakspere's 
 words — I made him admit that he was wrong in five 
 instances out of seven — Mr. Swinburne had shown 
 again in his argument abuut Ihnru VIII." "A 
 more crude and contradictory theory of the structure 
 oi Ilaifij VIII. than that wliich Mr. Swinburne has 
 ]Dut forth I never saw." The general tone of this com- 
 munication, cannot be very gratifying to every humble 
 student, and less so to those Icinncd critics of Shakc- 
 .speare, who are too modest to style tlicmsflves scluihim. 
 In the AcaJ'iiiii, of the :ird of July, Mr. Swinburne thus 
 closes his share in this tedious if not profltless con- 
 troversy : — 
 July;}. "Mr. Swinburne writes under dateofJune26, 1880: — 
 
 •• A corres])ondcnt of yours affirms in your issue of this 
 morning that I have 'never answered' a 'challenge' 
 put forward 'in an early number of the Anuli'iiiii of 
 this year.' Certainly I have not done so. And moat 
 assuredly I shall not.
 
 IviJ. 
 
 "The per.sun in questiun has perfectly suceeedetl in his 
 evident and elaliorate endeav(jnr to put liimself outside 
 the ])ile (jf pcjssible intercourse. With such a person I 
 sliould almost as soon thinly of entering into porrespon- 
 dence as of entering into controversy. He is aliso- 
 lutely free and abs(_)lutely welei>me to say, to write, and 
 to print anything about me he may please. But lie 
 must not hope — and he need not fear — ever again to 
 attract even as much notice at) this from the hand of 
 your obedient Servant, Algerson Charles 
 Swinburne.") 
 
 1880. July 10. "Fletchei-'s and Shakspere's Triple Endings," by 
 F. J. Furnivall. 
 
 (He says, '-I have this week to ;isk whether all Fletcher's 
 plays contain that 'perpetuil pi-edominance of triple 
 terminations .so peculiarly and notably dear to that 
 poet ■ which Mr. Swinburne puts forward as the 
 metrical test of Fletcher's work. As my object is to 
 compare their proportion in Fletcher's plays with that 
 in his part of llinry YIII.. I take the same number of 
 lines in that pirt from his two plays — The KnUjht of 
 Malta and The Little Freticli Lairyer." After elaborating 
 his views, and citing several words from these playB, 
 and twentj--four lines from some of Shakespeare's, 
 besides three from Milton, he says: — "Ha\ing thus 
 shown that Mr. Svnnburne's attack on the positions of 
 Mr. Spedding, Mr. Tennyson. Mr. Browning, Profs. 
 Dowden and Ingram, and myself, witli regard to 
 Fletcher's share in Jlenrii VIII.. and his triple endings, 
 though brought forward with great pretence of know- 
 ledge, and many sneers against us, has failed in every 
 point, I will, with your leave, proceed to enter my 
 Ijrotest against another 'flat burglary' committed on 
 Shakspere by men far irort/iier of respect in the Hhakspere 
 field.." The words italicised may be considered worth 
 remembering by those who are interested in the good 
 taste occasionally displayed by ripe Shakespearean 
 scholars.) 
 
 „ July 17. In Notes and News column, a paragraph stating 
 that Dr. J'anger of Berlin, has "made an ex- 
 haustive analysis and comparison of the first 
 quarto of Hamlet, 1603, with the second quarto 
 and first foho, after the model of Mommsen's 
 well known study of the first quarto of Romeo 
 and Juliet, 1597, with its second quarto, 1599, 
 and the folio. And as Mommsen arrived at 
 the conclusion that liis Romeo and Juliet Qo.l., 
 was grounded solely on its Qo.II., so Dr. Tanger 
 decides that in Hamlet, Qo.l., there is but a 
 misrepresentation of Qo.II." 
 
 ,, Ibid Ditto — The next paragraph of Shakespearean 
 
 interest, is in relation to the spelling of the 
 poet's name. As it will not admit of con- 
 densing, it IS here given in its entirety : — 
 ("The last contrilmtion to the eontrorersy about the spelling 
 of Shakspere's name is a note l)y Mr Furnivall in his 
 Forewords to Mr. Griggs's facsimile of the second 
 quorto of Hamlet. 1(104. It has been asserted that the f 
 of Shakspere's third signature to his will is the well- 
 known and accepted contraction for es. There cannot 
 be a doubt on this point." Mr. Furnivall contradicts 
 this statement, and says : — 
 
 "As, in the second signature to his will, Shakspere ran 
 his k into his long straight f, and made a looped top to 
 it, so in his third signature he ran his k into his long
 
 Iviii. 
 
 curved /which be nsed in the sisnatnre to his Black- 
 fri'»r« m'lrtsj-i ?<». snd made it IiX'b. to hasty or un- 
 r-- - ' - - - -Mn^Kbe one of the forms of the 
 
 i to hear that one of the hijrhest 
 M.^. ;.-i :.. ;..;-.- ;n ivjndjn has also declared this third 
 — Will /to be no contractioii.") 
 
 lSSi\ July -i. In Xotes an-i News Column, in announcing tlie 
 publication of ilr. G^rig^gs"s facsimile of the 
 first two quartos, by Fisher and by Koberts, of 
 Shakespeare's ilidsutnmer Night's Dream, 1600, 
 says, that ilr. Ebsworth shows, — on the question 
 of which quarto was before the other, — " that 
 the Cambridge editors were right when, in 1S63, 
 they declared Fisher's quarto to have preceded 
 Eoberts." 
 
 „ Aug. 7. "Is the character of Hamlet, Shakspere's 
 Creation or not ?" by F. J. Furnivall. 
 (An " - 1^^ Editors" theory of the 
 
 . put forth in the Preface to 
 : . ■'f the play. " dated • Decsm- 
 b r .^. 1. . ::e t.. u: r> maintain that Shakespeare 
 remodelled the old play in the year 160i, and fitted it 
 for the stage. That the first quarto (ISC'o) represents 
 the first draft in'X>mpleted. and that there is hardly a 
 trace of the dramatist's hand in the first, third and 
 forth scenes of Act TIT. Mr. Furnivall after pleadinir 
 for the adoption of what has been stigmatised -sign- 
 post" criticism, says: — "Depend on it that no other 
 mind than bis conceived Hamlet"s continual delays and 
 t ' udius on his knees before an offended 
 
 ~ resolve not to bill him : Hamlet's pulse- 
 : - Compamy of politic worms : Ophelia's 
 
 lu '. ;:. -- :::.i songs; her rosemary, rue and Valentine's 
 I>av : her drownins and burial : the sravedissers and 
 th-ir'-k--: E-r.-.'-r ^rth th- ?'.ra!l of Yuric'k: Osric's 
 :' '.:ng of iU: and the 
 
 Best assured that 
 :er of Hamlet, in the 
 -> weil as the Second, are 
 and common sense have 
 — no old-play writer's, but 
 in aii v?:-. :::.j..i >L;is-:pores own.") 
 
 „ Sept IS. "On s\--n. Final, in Shakspere by F. J. FumiTall, 
 
 (iler • hat Shakespeare's use of this termination 
 
 -. does not on the whole die out in his 
 
 „ Oct 2. In Notes and Neics, Column, an announcement 
 that Mr. Harold Littledale, has tinished his 
 Introduction to the Tiro Noble Kinsmen, and 
 has noted some rathe..- striking instances of 
 iilentity of thought and treatment in the 
 Fletcher parts of the Tico Noble Kinsmen, and 
 Henry VIII." In this paragraph also is a 
 statement that Mr. G. Eose, "when lately 
 examining Henry Till, from his time side, 
 found that the two great confusions of time in 
 the play were due to Fletcher, while on coming 
 to Shakspere's work again, there he was with 
 his ' to-morrow morning,' thus carrying on his 
 scheme of dramatic time from his eirlier 
 scenes."
 
 lix. 
 
 In the selections I liaTO made from yotes and Qveries, it will b3 
 noticed, that the issues of that invaluable journal for 1S75, are 
 omitted ; the reason for which is, that the gTiesses of correspondents 
 which fill those numbers, would taie up too much of my already 
 exhausted space, to recor'i in detail, and it is difficult for a small hand- 
 boot of this description, to taow at times which to select for the 
 bec^nner's aid. Here and there, howerer, will be found some 
 interesting contributions that may well be perused in their entirety . 
 In reference to the comniunication to Notes and Queries, of 
 March 13th, ISSO, by Mr. W. F. Prideaux on "The Legend 
 of Zarqa,' ' as possibly being the progenitor of the legend of Bimam 
 "Wood and Dunsinane (in Mac}>eth), The Beverend Walter TV. Skeat 
 sent an extract from the Romance of Alexander, containing a similar 
 story. This appeared in the issue of 3Iay 29th. He says : — 
 
 '■Beaders of ila-cbeth should note that the story of the moving wood occurs in 
 the Romans of Altrander: — 
 
 " Interea Alexander, amoto exercitn, appropin\iTiaTzit se cinitati Perses, in qua 
 Darius eonsistebat: Ita vt sablimia loca montirtm que erant supra ipsam ciuitatem 
 conspiciebat Alexander autem preeepit militibus snis vt inciderent ramos arborxtm 
 et herbas euellerent, easque inferrent equomm pedibus et mnlornm : quos xidentes 
 [printed ridentis] Perses ab exeelsismontibus stupebant," — Historia Alexandri magrti 
 depreJiis. ed. 1490. foL 26. 
 
 The Middle-English version (1 iSo") has:— 
 
 ••"With that comaimds he his fcnightis to entte doune belyne 
 Bowis of busMs and of braunehte of bolis and of Ivndis," &c. 
 
 Waxtke W. Skeat." 
 The other seJectlons that may be added to the list are as follows : — 
 
 "Notes and Queries." 
 
 ISSO June 5.* " Elizahetlian Demonology" by T. Alfred 
 Spalding. L.L.B. 
 
 (A review of this very valuable essay, givin? the pith of the 
 author's views : and those who are not in possession 
 of the book, will do well to peruse the reviewer" s 
 summary.) 
 
 ., „ 12. "Proposed Edition of Shaispeaxe in Old 
 Spelling," by F. J. FumiTalL 
 
 (Being the Prospectus of ilr. FnmivaH's project) 
 
 „ 19, Ditto, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (Baise? objections to Mr. Fumivall"s project.) 
 
 July 3. Ditto, by Dr. €. M. Ingleby. 
 
 (Says "The note of my friend Dr. B. Nicholson fat the 
 second reference) is in exact accordance with my 
 views, so much so that there remains but one point 
 which calls for remark from me. During the very 
 important jieriod of our hterature. l->>(i — lt;i!5. there 
 aciually was a true orthography, which many writers 
 of the earlier years strove to observe and perpetuate." 
 He then mentrons some of the causes that tended "to
 
 Ix. 
 
 fl•u^tl■ato iliiise efforts anj eonfouml orthosrajjUy." 
 K\irlhpr on lie says: — •' I am merely .statinj: the result 
 (if very careful stuily when 1 assert that there exists 
 nil edition of any work of Shaksjjeare'R. whether in 
 (lunrto or in folio, that is printed in any orthography 
 of the. i)eriod." "'I'o the cntie, as Dr. Xieholsnn siys. 
 the slavish reproduction of the very letters of words in 
 the early editions is most important, but we have sneh 
 reprints in abundance." In eonclusion this writer 
 observes:—" the projected edition in old spalling is, in 
 my jud;;ment, a work of supererogation, and a costly 
 luxury which, in view of more pressing work, the New 
 Shakspere Society may well dispense with.") 
 
 18S0. Ibid. Ditto, by F. J. Purnivall. 
 
 (A rejoinder to Dr. Xich(jlson's remarks and says in pnfnm. 
 "Having founded the New .Shakspere Society on m.v 
 own lines, and directed it since its foundation, 1 claim 
 to be a better judge of what it was meant to do. than 
 Dr. Nicholson. I also claim that the Tightness of 
 liaving an edition of Shaksnere in the spelling of his 
 time is acknowledged by every ' English scholar,' as I 
 understand that term.") 
 
 Ibid. Ditto.'by E, M. Spence, M.A.. 
 
 (Supports Mr. Furnivall.) 
 
 July 17. Ditto, by F. J. Furnivall.) 
 
 (Merely an attack upon those who have tJie temerity to 
 disagree with Mr. FurnivalVs idea upon this subject. 
 The Editor very ^visely remarks, "This discussion is 
 now closed.") 
 
 „ Aucf 21. " Shakespeariana," by R. M. Spence, M.A, 
 
 (On "The Obeli of the Globe Edition in King Henry VII I," 
 Suggest.s emendations, with guesses, to overcome the 
 difficulties indicated.) 
 
 „ Ibid. " Cain's Jaw-Bone," by Walter W, Skeat. 
 
 (Takes the passage "As if it were Cain's jaw-bone, that 
 did the first murder." in Hamlet, V, i., and elucidates 
 it by a ([notation from Kemble's edition of Mdhmnm (ind 
 Saturn: — '-Tell me, why stones are not fruitful ? I 
 tell thee, because Abel's blood fell upon a stone when 
 Chain [Cain], his brother slew him with the jaw-bone 
 of an Ass." " Hence " says Mr. Skeat " tlie jaw-bone 
 was nut Cain's oini.") 
 
 Ibid. "Julius Cajsar, I. iii. 128. 129. by E. K. 
 
 (One more attempt at explaining Fauors. Suggests alter- 
 ation to " Is Fervous.") 
 
 ' ,. Ibid. " JiTtHsi I/eor," Edited by Horace H, Fiu'ness. 
 
 (.V commendatory review of this edition.) 
 
 ,, Auj^ 2S, "Shakespeariana," "As if it were Cain's Jaw- 
 Bone," Hamlet v. i., by E. E. 
 
 (This writer says, he has a Bible jirinted by Day and 
 Serres, in l.V.t4, with a woodcut representing Cain 
 about to strike .\bel with a jaw-hone with teeth in it.) 
 
 Ibid Ditto, by K. P. D. E. 
 
 (Mcntiipus that in one of the Tuinieley MilslKrics, — the 
 "Maciacio -Xbel" — "Cain i.s represented as having 
 slain his brother with a cheke bon.") 
 
 „ Iliid " Koiueo and Juliet," viii. 114-5, by C. F. H. 
 
 (Says " Honieo's mciining seems to be that hi« kiss is a 
 token of the Unal and ci;niplcti' ili'dication of himself to 
 to the grave." Conmient.s al.--o u]io)) Scitl /■J?i'jro.*svig 
 and Jfilc'ess, as being legal teniis.)
 
 Ixi. 
 
 ISSO. Sept. 11 In the MisceUaneoas part, there is an auuouace- 
 ment, that Dr. Charles Mackay is shortly to 
 publish a work on " Obscure Words and Phrases 
 in Shaksi^eare and the Elizabethan Dramatists, 
 explained for the First Time from the Celtic 
 Sources of the English Langjuage and the 
 Vernacular Idiom of the English in the 
 Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries." In the 
 year 1855 was published a pamphlet entitled 
 " On Celtic Words used by English Writers," 
 by the Eev. John Davies, M.A., which 
 Dr. Maekay, maj^ be acquainted with. It 
 ought to be quoted in his work. 
 
 „ Sept. 25 " Shakspeariana," "Romeo and Juliet," viii. 
 114--15, by F. C. Birkbeck Terry. 
 (Merely guesswork, says : — •' It is possible Borneo's words 
 mean. • he makes viith Death an unconditional 
 
 bargain.' "') 
 
 Ibid. Ditto, by B. C. 
 
 (Upon the words evgro.tsiiig, differs from C. F. H., upon 
 its being a law term, in this passage, and .says " it i.s 
 here used for the .so-named eommon law offence of 
 buying up the whole of any kind of merchandise to 
 sell at an exorbitant profit.") 
 
 „ Ibid. Ditto, by W. G. 
 
 (Upon the word datelessi. Instances its having been used 
 by a person, as meaning insensihte.) 
 
 Ibid. "Macbeth," v.iii. 55, by Dr. B. Nicholson. 
 
 (('(jutinues discussion ,V. and Q. (Ith S. I. 1.'>1. '.'01). , says: — 
 ■ Will Mr. Winston kindly allow me to make three 
 remarks on his note." "Without giving them in 
 extenso. It need only be mentioned that Cyueiv is nat 
 evolved out of Dr. Nicholson's conciousness. •' In conclu- 
 sion," he says, •■ I am by no me^ins wedded to VyneiK 
 but merely support it as at present the nearest or only 
 proved approach to the Shakespearian corruption of 
 Vyiae.) 
 
 „ Ibid "Macbeth," "Sag," by J. E. Haig. 
 
 (Continues discussion, X. and Q. (ith. 8. I, 2-51, -"So, says 
 that when a roof of an old house " seems to have 
 given way, the answer will probably be ■ that the 
 rafters have sagged a bit.") 
 
 „ October 2. " Party for Person," by F. C. Birkbeck Terry. 
 
 (Points out that these terms were used synonymou.sly iv 
 Shakespeare's time and cites Aiilimy and Cleopalr' 
 v. ii. •.'4i;. (Globe Edition); Hamlet. II i. i'i \ and 
 Love's Labour s Loi^t IV, ii. 138.) 
 
 Very few articles of importance, have appeared in the Monthly 
 t*ul)lications, since the latest dates recorded in the body of this 
 " Aid." The few that admit of notice are as follows : — 
 
 "The Gentleman's Magazine." 
 
 1880. September.* " The Eclipse of Shakespeare," bv Dutton 
 Cook. 
 
 (Starts with the question :— " Is it altogether a false notion 
 that the general sympathy with the merits of Shake- 
 si)eare ever beat with a languid or intermittent pulse t'" 
 and follows with a most valuable review of the dis^ 
 favour in which Shakespeare's works were held, froin
 
 Ixii. 
 
 the time of Dryden, in particular, down to the period 
 in which Garriek produced some of the plays restored. 
 and others malformed by himself and Cibber, Tate 
 and the rest of imiirovers. Ho speaks of Macready 
 and Phelps as having '• shown more respeet for the 
 integrity of the poet than any of their more illustrious 
 predecessors." Of John Kemble. he says." while pro- 
 fessing extraordinary veneration for Shakespeare, 
 garbled several of his plays, and acted in many very 
 corrupt ones." '• He. loo. retained Cibber's • Richard ' 
 and Tate's ' Lear," with, in addition, the ' Tempest ' of 
 Davenant and Dryden. The • Coriolanus ' in which 
 he apijcared was a blending of Shakesjjeare and 
 Thomson." He further says, that the fashion is to see 
 •• some great actor, or an actor believed by many to be 
 great, has roused curiosity cuuecrning his impersona- 
 tion of the poet's more famous characters ; or when, 
 under the pretext of illustrating Shakespeare, stage 
 pageantry and spectacle have occupied the scene." 
 This article should be attentively reail.) 
 
 ISSO. October. * "A new study of 'Love's Labour's Lost,' " by 
 S. L. Lee. 
 
 (A most valuable contribution to the study of Shakespeare 
 in the light of contemporary history. He says, •■ It is 
 no new matter for regret that so few attempts should 
 have been made by commentators to do justice to the 
 inllupnce exerted by contemporary events on the 
 Elizabethan dramatists: but it is certainly matter for 
 surprise that no endeavour should have been made to 
 trace any relationship between contemporary French 
 affairs and Lore's Labour's Lost, where the names of 
 almost all the important characters are ar-tiially 
 identical with the contemporary leaders in French 
 politics." He gives a number of facts to establisli hi.s 
 view, that '• Sliakespeare wrote tiiis comedy willi his 
 eyes fixed, like those of his countrymen on the affairs 
 of France.") 
 
 "The Cornhill Magazine." 
 
 August. "Why did Shakespeare write Tragedies ?" by 
 J. S. 
 (Examines Mr Furnivall's hook-antl-eye hypothesis, pro- 
 pounded in the introduction to the Leopold Khakspere. 
 p cxix, and gives his objections in detail to several 
 points raised in that essay, regarding thegrowtliof 
 Shakespeare's mind, as evinced in his works. The 
 Conclusion need only be here noted: — "To imagine 
 himexliibitingmenand women under conditions wliich 
 ho had not proved by trial is, according to Mr. 
 Furnivall. to degrade him into the master of a puppet- 
 show. To me. on the contrary, it seems certain that 
 he could not have exhiliitcd those ccjnditions has he 
 has done while he was himself subj( ct to tliem ; and 
 that whatever perturbations his spirit may have gone 
 through, it had risen above them before he wrote his 
 great tragedies into — the brightest heaven of inven- 
 tinuH from which he could look down with pity upon 
 all the disorders of manlviud.") 
 
 "The Theatre." 
 
 September.* " Hamlet on Actimr," by Percy Fitzgerald. 
 
 (An cxaminaiion of Hamlet's advice, and com-ludcs: — 
 " We have thus gone through this valualilc body of 
 instruction, winch, in the case of any actor that takes 
 it to heart and developea it carefully, will bo fowid 
 prolltublj.")
 
 Ixiii. 
 
 ISSO. October. * " ' Othello ' in Paris," by Dutton Cook. 
 
 (An account of the representations of this play on the 
 French stage, since IS-JO; also of the manner in which 
 it was " improved." or tampered with, by Duels for 
 Talma the actor. lagi) was dismissed : and the dagger 
 substituted for the pillow iu the murdering of Desde- 
 moua. This article is a very valuable contribution to 
 the historj- of Shakespeare in France.) 
 
 "The Antiquary." 
 
 „ August.* " The Shakespeare Death-Mask." by Lord 
 Eonald Gower. 
 (Gives a short history of the Becker Death-Mask \ and 
 inclines to the view " that it comes up to the very 
 highest conception that he (speaking of an ' unpreju- 
 diced person.') has formed of his own ideal as well as 
 from the very poor representations that have been 
 handed down to us of what William Shakespeare 
 looked on that April mom in 161G, when the ever- 
 lasting day had cast over the dead poet's face a light 
 not of this world.'') 
 
 September.* "The Kesselstadt Minature." by Dr. C. M. 
 Ingleby. 
 
 (An examination of the assertion, that this picture was 
 painted from the Becker Death-Mask. Dr. Ingleby says 
 ■■ there is evidently no likeness between them. The very 
 proportions of the two faces, to say nothing of contour 
 and expression are discrepant." "The most pro- 
 bable conclusion to be drawn from the picture, 
 [of which an illustration is given], assuming that it 
 is the one which was in the Kesselstadt collection up 
 to 1843. is that the original collector obtained not only 
 Gerard .Johnson's plaster mask of Shakspeare. but 
 also an original picture of Ben Jonson Ijing in state." 
 
 "All the Year Round." {The Montlily Part 
 issued on October, 1st.) 
 
 „ October 30. " Shakespeare's Traducers." (Anon.) 
 
 (A very sketchy account of some of the best known 
 traducers of the poet. The writer cites manj' passages, 
 but omits all references, so that what value his contri- 
 bution may be imagined to possess, is dispelled by its 
 want of more careful treatment and verification.) 
 
 "The Cape Monthly Magazine." 
 
 „ July.* "The Character of Polonius," by Agnus Mac 
 
 Phail, M.A. 
 
 (A very careful analysis of the character of Polonius. and 
 
 .13 doubly welcome, as evidencing the progress of 
 
 Shakespearean Scholarshijj at Cape Town, The writer 
 
 ..•1 .. '. eays in his prefaratory remarks ; "jUl the characters 
 
 in Hamlet are bound with an indissoluljJe golden chain 
 
 . ..;... •■■■ --round the feet of the royal Dane. They tax their 
 
 brains and rack them as carded wool, and yet they 
 
 ' " ■ Cfmnot solve the riddle of the moody Titan. They see 
 
 Atlas convulsed and trembling to its very roots, and 
 
 'yet they cannot di\ine the cause of the commotion, 
 
 K.ii ^.li i 'ii. tiut they keep at a distance from its fro^vning rocks, 
 
 lest their fall might sweep them to ruin. This 
 universal, bewildering perplexity is the occasion of 
 Polonius." ile then goes on to say. that lago deprived 
 of •> his insatiable stomach for unadulterated mischief 
 and caKous, pernicious devilry, and he might then 
 play the rule of Polonius."
 
 ill'. Miio l*hail furtlicr s;iy» thero is a lami'v likonPH* 
 tietween tlipsp two oliaraptei's, although laco was not 
 an eavpN-dropper. L'nfortimately. he in paaiiii. speaks 
 of •• Shiikspeare, liiniself entnippfd intD an early 
 marriage ; " <lie p.videnne of the intrappirfj is yet 
 wanting. '■ Pi)lonim."' says the writer, "on all 
 oceasionB, advises the king as a disinterested courtier, 
 professing the most loyal attachment, but all his 
 actions beyond the circle of his family smack of a 
 wise hypocrisy that ovcrleips itself under the garb of 
 semi-idiotic simplicity: yet I would fain hesitate before 
 venturing the assertion that Polonius is to be accepted 
 as the cijncrete impersonation of Shakespeare's ideal 
 of a courtier." The only redeeming points in the 
 career of Polonius are indicated as •• The wise precepts 
 delivered on his first appearance in the play, and 
 especially so, his ad\ice to Laertes '• It is the sole 
 sound pillar in a rotten building." The article is 
 worthy of study, as the character of Polonius ia 
 deserving of more attention than it has hitherto 
 received at the hands of students in the Old World.) 
 
 "The Spelling Reformer." 
 
 1880. October. "On Phonetic Spellings in Shakespeare," by 
 F. G, Fleay. 
 (An attempt to establish the hj'pothesis that Shakespeare 
 in the second Quarto of Rnineo and Jitliel. adopted a 
 system of phonetic spelling, not of course to the 
 extent of the supi)orters of this journal. Mr. Fleay 
 cites many e.xamples. from which a few may here be 
 given : — Words now levelled under our conventional 
 spelling in nd: accu.stom(/. apparelrf, poysrf, angen/, <fec. 
 Similar words in t, levelled under eil: — ask/, curs^ 
 prick/. A'c. Ditto in de now levelled under -^rf; prepartie, 
 importuni/c. rul<//', .tc. Phonetic writng of i for our c; 
 choi,se, pen.sill. poultii. Ac. Mr. Fleay promises to 
 refer to this matter again.) 
 
 In conclusion ; the task I have undertaken in placing before 
 my readers a selection of references to books, &c., upon the great 
 Dramatist and his works, with remarks interspersed upon the 
 nature of the books, articles and views of the several writers, has I 
 know been verj' inadequately attempted. The venture is a novel 
 one and beset with many difficulties ; as to accomplish even what is 
 herein presented, has involved a large amount of reading and labour. 
 My object is not to give a mere Bibliography of Shakespeare ; but 
 the indication to the beginner in Shakespearean study of such 
 books and articles, calculated to be of service to him, and the 
 recording of controversies, that have taken place during the past 
 ten years, which, unless a plan similar to the one here adopted, 
 would >)0 in the future very difficult to refer to. 
 
 Should any of my readers desire to consult to any of the books 
 or publications I have used, it will give me the greatest jjleasure 
 to oblige him, subject to my time .serving. 
 
 J. J. 
 2nd October, 1880.
 
 FACSIMILES 
 
 OF 
 
 SHAKESPEARE^ S AUTOGRAPHS 
 
 IN HIS WILI.. 
 
 Shakespeabe's Will is written on three sheets of paper, and the 
 signatures occur as follows ; — 
 
 1. 
 
 At end of fii-st sheet. 
 
 rl/'y^'i^ . 
 
 At end of second sheet. 
 
 ^ I, fyy^/WPs/^lXn^ ^C tJf-^^J^^^ 
 
 At end of the WiU, which is followed by the Witnesses. 
 
 %* The autographs are here given to illustrate the entries of 
 Mr. J. 0. HaUiwell-Phillipps's books on the Poet's name, and page 5 
 of Notes on Shakespeare.
 
 NOTES ON SHAKESPEARE. 
 
 Vy ILLIAM SHAKESPEARE was born at Stratford- 
 upon-Avon, Warwickshire, in 1564, the sixth year 
 of EKzabeth. " The date of Birth is not known, but was 
 BEFORE lyd April P (H) His baptism is recorded on the 
 26th April. From the custom of baptising children 
 when three days old, the 23rd April has been assumed 
 as his birthday.* His father was John Shakespeare, who, 
 according to Aubery, was a butcher; t but is now 
 generally believed to have been a glover, from an 
 account discovered by Malone, stating that he was sued 
 before John Burbage, bailiff of Stratford, for ^8 as a 
 glover (17 June, 1555). 
 
 In 1556 he was one of the jury of the court leet at 
 Stratford. 
 
 1565. Elected an alderman, when his son William 
 was in his second year. 
 
 From Michaelmas, 1568, to Michaelmas, 1569, he served 
 as high bailiff. 
 
 Sept. 5, 1571. Elected chief alderman. 
 
 1597. Is styled in a deed Johannes Shakespeare 
 " Yeoman,^' in the fifteenth year of the poet. 
 
 So much regarding the public position held by Master 
 John Shakespeare. 
 
 1557. He married Mary, the youngest of at least four 
 daughters of Robert Arden or Arderne, of Wilmecote, in 
 the parish of Aston Cantlowe, Warwickshire. Her 
 marriage portion was a small estate in fee in that parish, 
 called Ashbyes; £(i 13s. 4d., and an interest in some 
 property in Snitterfield. 
 
 * W. Watkis's Lloyd's Life of Shakespeare, in "Singer's Sliahe- 
 82)eare,^^ p. xviii. 
 
 f " Memoir of Shakespeare," by the Rev. Alexander Dyce,pp. i.-ii., 
 and at p. xii., quoting from AuLery's " JUimdes 0/ Lives.'''-
 
 Issue of marriage : four sons and four daughters, in the 
 following order : — 
 
 Joan, Margaret, William, Gilbert, another Joan, Anne, 
 Richard, and Edmund. The elder Joan and Margaret died 
 in infancy, before the bnth of William ; Anne died in 
 her eighth year. Of Gilbert, very little that is certain is 
 known. An anecdote refers to his living " to a good old 
 age."* The second Joan married Willian Hart, a hatter, 
 in Stratford, and died in 1646. N\\ that is known of 
 Richard is that he was buried in 1612-13. Edmund 
 became an actor at the Globe Theatre, and was interred in 
 the church of St. Saviour's, Southwark, 31st December, 
 1607. 
 
 William Shakespeare is supposed to have received his 
 education at the Free School of Stratford. The age at 
 which he was sent, or how long he remained there, nothing 
 is known. t Little can be said beyond mere conjecture 
 about the youth of the poet, until 1582,;!; when, at the 
 age of eighteen and a-half years, he married Anne 
 Hathaway, supposed to have been at that time seven to 
 eight years his senior. She was the daughter of Richard 
 Hathaway, of Shottery, in the parish of Stratford. 
 
 May 26th, 1583. Their first child, Susannah, was 
 baptised. 
 
 Feby. 2nd, 1584-5. Baptism of their twin children, 
 Hamnet and Judith. 
 
 From this date nothing is known of William Shake- 
 speare's life until 1592, when he is mentioned by Greene, 
 the dramatist, in a pamphlet entitled "-^ Groatsworth of 
 Wit bought zvith a Alillion of Repentance,'^ as follows : 
 "There is an npstart Croiv beautified with our Feathers, 
 that with his tyger's heart, wrapt in a Player's hyde, 
 supposes hee is as well able to bombast out a Blank Verse 
 
 * Vide " Dyce's Memoir," quoting Oldys. f Dyce, loc. cit., p. vii. 
 X " Marriiige — exact date not known, but was sliortly after 28th 
 November, 25th Eliz., li)«2." (H)
 
 as the best of you, and being an absolute Johannes 
 factotum, is, in his own conceyt, the onely Shakescene 
 in a countrey." The poet's age at this time was twenty- 
 eight* 
 
 " First appearance in London — date not known. "(H) 
 The deerstalking incident and his embroilment with Sir 
 Thomas Lucy cannot be directly proved to have taken 
 place. 
 
 1593. Publication of Vemcs and Adonis. 
 
 1594. Publication of Rape of Liicrece, both dedicated 
 to Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, who at one 
 time gave Shakespeare ;^i,ooo to complete a purchase 
 " he had a mind to," stipposed to have been in connection 
 with the building of the Globe Theatre, at Bankside, by 
 Richard Burbidge. But this is mere conjecture. 
 
 The Globe Theatre was commenced in December, 1593. 
 [Built 1599, Halliwell.]t 
 
 In 1596, Shakespeare is said to have resided near the 
 Bear Garden, in Southwark, and did not change his 
 residence whilst he remained in London. I 
 
 Li this year Shakespeare lost (in August) his only son, 
 Hamnet, in his eleventh year. 
 
 1597. At Easter Term he bought New Place, Strat- 
 ford-upon-Avon, for X^o, about equal to X300 at the 
 present time. Mr. Collier thinks this purchase was made 
 somewhat later. 
 
 In 1598, Ben Jonson's ^^ Every Man in his Htimoiir''^ 
 is conjectured to have been^^ri'/ acted by Shakespeare and 
 his company. 
 
 1599. Shakespeare became a partner in some of the 
 profits of this theatre, § and acted in the plays here as 
 
 * Dyce, loc. cit., p. xxxiii., and Singer's Shakespeare, p. xxxii. 
 
 X Malone's " Inquiry into the Authenticity of Certain Pajjers," &c., 
 p. 215. 
 
 t § The Succession of Shakespeare's Plays, by F. J. Furnivall, M.A., 
 1874, p. xxxviii., being the Introduction to Prof. Gervinus's '' Com- 
 mentaries of Shahsjjere,'' trans, by Miss Buunett.
 
 well as at the Blackfriars Theatre. The Globe was the 
 Summer^ and the Blackfriars the Winter Theatre. 
 
 1600, July. Died Sir Thomas Lucy. 
 
 1 60 1. Died John Shakespeare, and on September 8th 
 was buried. 
 
 1603. At Christmas, Shakespeare's Company performed 
 six plays before the King and Prince at Hampton 
 Court, and received 20 nobles for each performance 
 (=/i3i6s. 8d.) 
 
 1607, June 6. Marriage of Shakespeare's eldest 
 daughter, Susannah, at the age of twenty-four, to John 
 Hall, gentleman, a physician at Stratford. 
 
 1608. Died Mrs. Shakespeare (the poet's mother), and 
 on September 9th was buried. 
 
 "In my ^History of New Place ^^ I have shown that 
 Shakespeare retired to Stratford between September, 
 1609, and June, 161 1. Nothing nearer is known." (H) 
 
 1 61 3. Died, at Stratford, Shakespeare's brother 
 Richard, in his fortieth year. In June the same year, 
 destruction of the Globe Theatre by fire. Rebuilt at the 
 charge of King James, noblemen, and others.* 
 
 1615-16, Feb. loth. Judith, the youngest and only 
 other child and daughter of Shakespeare, was married to 
 Thomas Quiney, a vintner and wine merchant of Strat- 
 ford. She died in i662.t 
 
 1616, March 25th. Shakespeare executed his Will. 
 
 1 61 6, April 23rd. Died William Shakespeare.]: 
 
 As regards the spelling of the Poet's name, 
 
 * Vide the Account in '■^ Stowe's Annals,^'' Singer's Shakespeare, 
 p. Ixxviii., Pltik and Wood's '•//('.?; of Clerki'iiwell,'^ p. 195. 
 
 f Singer's loc. cit., Ixxxiv. 
 
 X The cause of his deatli is supposed to have arisen from the 
 pigsties and other nuisances in the neighbourhood of New Place, 
 which gave him a fever. Vide ITdliwelFs '" Ilistonj of New Place" 
 p. 29. The story of the drinking bout with Drayton and Ben Jonson 
 is now rejected from want of evidence. F. J. Furuivall's " Introduc- 
 tion :" Oervinus's " Commentaries," \). xlii.
 
 Mr. (Halliwell) Phillips has sent me the following 
 note : — 
 
 " He spells it Shakes-peare in his first work. So do 
 his friends. He sometimes signed himself Shakspere, 
 but sometimes also Shakspeare, as I know by a tracing 
 of the Will made in 1770, before it got damaged. In 
 Shakespeare's time people signed their names in all 
 manner of ways. I have specimens of the signatures of 
 Julius Shawe, Shakespeare's friend, in eight various 
 spellings ! " 
 
 On the other hand, Mr. F. J. Furnivall, the Founder 
 and President of the New Shakspere Society^ says : — 
 
 " This spelling of our great poet's name (Shakspere) 
 is taken from the only unquestionably genuine signatures 
 of his that we possess — the three in his Will, and the two 
 in his Stratford conveyance and mortgage. None of 
 these signatures have an E after the K, four have no A 
 after the first E ; the fifth I read eere* 
 
 * Vide The Pro. 
 
 ^pectus of The Nero Shakspere Society, p. 
 
 5, note 1. 
 
 
 Shakespeare's Plays,* 
 
 
 
 (^Earliest Editions) . 
 
 
 The First Quatto 
 
 ... 1597 
 
 The First Folio ... 
 
 1623 
 
 The Second ,, .. 
 
 . ... 1599 
 
 The Second ,, ... 
 
 1632 
 
 The Third „ .. 
 
 1609 
 
 The Fifth Quarto 
 
 ... 1637 
 
 The Fourth „ .. 
 
 undated 
 
 The Third Folio 
 
 1664. 
 
 The Fourth Folio 1685 
 
 * For a full list of all the Editions and Commentators on Shake- 
 speare, see the '•'"New Variorum Edition of Shahespeare" by Horace 
 Howard Furness, Vols. I., II. 
 
 Note. — ^' Tlie Names of the Principal Actors'' who formed the 
 original company : " William Shakespeare : Richard Burbidge : John 
 Hemmings : Augustine Phillips : William Kempt : Thomas Poope : 
 Geoi'ge Bryau : Henry Condell : William Slye : Richard Cowly : John 
 Lowine: Samuel Grosse: Alexander Cooke: Samuel Gilburne: Robert 
 Armin : William Ostler : Nathan Field : John Underwood : Nicholas 
 Tooley : AVilliam Ecclestone : Joseph Taylor : Robert Benlield : Robert 
 Goughe : Richard Robinson : lolin Shancke : lohn Rice." — First Folio 
 1623. (Halliwell) Phillips' Reprint, 1876.
 
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 " Jiidicio Pylivvt, genio Socratem, ai-te Maroncm^ 
 Terra tegit^ popvlvs mceret, Olympvs habet^ 
 
 " Stay, Passenger, why goest thov by so fast ? 
 Read, if thov canst, whom envious death hath plast 
 Within this monument — Shakspeare, with whome 
 Quick Natvre dide : whose name doth deck ys tombe 
 Far more than cost ; sieth all yt he hath writt 
 Leaues living Art bvt page to serue his witt." 
 
 Obiit Aiino Dom. i6i6. 
 ^tatis 53. — Die 23 Ap. 
 
 The above lines are inscribed on the monument in 
 Stratford Church. The date of the erection of the 
 monument is not known, but was before 1623. " The bust 
 was originally painted in imitation of Nature," which 
 was renewed in 1748. Malone caused it to be covered 
 with one or more coats of white paint in 1793.* 
 
 The gentle spirit of the Bard is ever with those who 
 love to hear his name and read his works. These scanty 
 notes are but an earnest of one's love. Language cannot 
 fully express one's feelings, nor convey to another the 
 gratitude that is oft expressed in tears. I will, therefore, 
 conclude with the following lines : — 
 
 " Hearing you praised, I say — 'tis so^ His true, 
 
 And to the most of praise add something more ; 
 But that is in my thought, whose love to you, 
 
 Though words come hindmost, holds his rank before. 
 Then others for the breath of words respect. 
 Me for my dumb thoughts, speaking in effect." 
 
 Shakespeare' s Sonnet Lxxxv. 
 
 J. JEREMIAH. 
 
 Urban Cluh, 24th April, 1876. 
 
 * Dyce's " Memoir y p. Iv., Nvte 79.
 
 BY THE SAME AUTHOR. 
 
 ON WELSH NAMES AND LEGENDS OF THE "MILKY 
 
 WAY." A Contribution to tlie Study of Welsh Folk-lore. Limited 
 to 100 copies; privately printed, 1871. 8vo. Out of 2^rint. 
 
 ON EISTEDDYODAU ; or Welsh Musical Festivals, their 
 Antiquity akd History. Giving- full references to all the 
 leading Works upon the subject ; Bvo., 8 pp. Price Is. 6d. 1876. 
 Only 125 copies printed. 
 
 SHAKESPEAEEAN MEMOEABILIA. Being a^ coUation of all 
 the contemporary allusions to the Name and Works of Shake- 
 speare. Tabulated, 8vo., 10 pp. Price Is. 6d. 1876. Only 
 100 copies printed. 
 
 NOTES ON SHAKESPEAPE, AND MEMOEIALS OF THE 
 UEBAN CLUB, St. Johk's Gate, Cleekejs^well, with illustra- 
 tions of St. John's Gate, &c.. Portrait of Shakespeare, and facsimile 
 reprodixction of the signatui-es to his Will. 8vo., 140 pp. Bound 
 in cloth, price 5s. 1876. 
 
 DITTO, DITTO, Large Paper Edition, revised and enlarged to 170 
 pp., 4to., containing a complete collectionof Urban Club Poems; a 
 reprint of four scarce poems (Shakespeare fabrications) ; an 
 account of the Playhouses of the Elizabethan era ; a List of the 
 spurious Plays once ascribed to Shakespeare, analysed ; a History 
 of the National Theatre Project ; besides numerous additions 
 and references throughout the work, the whole forming a com- 
 prehensive Guide to Skakespearean Literature. Frinted on 
 Hiperfne toned paper, lotmd in cloth, extra gilt. Strictly limited 
 TO 50 copies, and signed. Price 21s. 1877. 
 
 A SHAKESPEAEEAN SOUYENIE. Consisting of a Peport of 
 the Festival of the Urban Club, held April 23rd, 1877, with 
 addi-esses by Dr. Westland Marston ; Dr. John Doran, F.S.A. ; 
 Prof. H. Fawcett, M.P. ; and Dr. Schliemann ; and the programme 
 compiled entirely from the first folio, 1623, with portrait of Shake- 
 speare and a facsimile of one of his signatures, 8vo., 24 pp. 
 Price Is. 1877. 
 
 To be had of Messrs. H. SOTHEEAN & Co., 77 & 78, Queen Street, E.C. 
 Eastcheap, E.C. ; 146, Strand, W.C; and 36, Piccadilly, S W.
 
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